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Goblins are small, green (or yellow-green) creatures with pointy features and high intelligence (though often little common sense).
A number of trade princes rule over the various goblin holdings around the world. Though the trade princes all live in the goblin city of Undermine on the Isle of Kezan, they each control their own private armies and trade fleets. In turn, each controls rings of trade, mining, deforestation, slave rings, and poaching.
Goblins are small humanoids, crafty and shrewd, bearing an overwhelming interest in commerce and a strong curiosity about mechanical things. Goblin society is fragmented, defined chiefly by commerce and trade. The ultimate schemers and con artists, goblins are always in search of a better deal. Despite their seemingly chaotic natures, they exist in a fairly strict and straightforward hierarchy. Other races universally view goblins as inventors, merchants and, without exception, maniacs. Goblins value technology as a useful aspect of commerce. Some say that their advantage — and their curse — is to be the primary users of technology in a world governed by magic. While dwarves and gnomes share a similar gift, goblin technology is more far-reaching and sinister and makes a larger impact on the natural world.
They employ vast teams of engineers who expand on current technology and produce gadgets to suit a wide array of applications. They constantly build and repair machines and work on new ideas. Unfortunately, goblins alternate passionate genius with wandering focus. Their lack of discipline means that many creations end up half finished as something else catches their attention. Goblin workmanship has a partially deserved reputation for unreliability, and a goblin device may explode simply because its creator forgot to add a vital release valve. Goblins are envious of the Ironforge dwarves' invention of firearms, both from a commercial and a technological standpoint. Goblins recognize that firearms represent a new source of power, and he who controls the source controls the gold — which is, to goblins, the ultimate power. Fortunately for the rest of the world, goblin firearm experimentation suffers from the race's normal laxity — and improperly tended gunpowder experiments continue to end the careers of many aspiring goblin tinkers. However, goblin ingenuity has paid off a few times; goblin gunpowder weapons tend to be inelegant and violently explosive (land mines, rockets and the like).
A number of trade princes rule over Azeroth's various goblin holdings. Though the trade princes all live in the goblin island city of Undermine far from Kalimdor and the eastern continents, each controls his own private army and trade fleet. Each trade prince has his own specialty, monopolizing trade in a certain area, such as mining, deforestation, slavery or poaching. The trade princes are the most cunning of their race and stop at nothing to amass their fortunes and power, whether through legitimate means or via black markets and treachery. Goblins encountered on Kalimdor and the eastern continents are freelancers, privateers or agents of Undermine's trade princes. Goblins are tenacious fighters. They attack from range with crossbows or firearms (making individual modifications to dwarf-made weapons) and use maces, short swords or bizarre, home-brewed steam weaponry in melee. When attacked in their warrens, they fight with tools as well. Goblins have a good grasp of tactics and strategy, and are masters of siege warfare. Their love of large machines makes them ideal mercenaries for attacking fortifications.
Goblins are shrewd in business, and clients who believe they walked away with the upper hand are almost always sorely mistaken. "To cheat a goblin" is a dwarven idiom meaning "to do what is practically impossible." ("Gamgi cheated a goblin when he escaped that cave-in!") Goblins are also consummate tricksters and con artists. Their mission in the world is to create incredible new inventions, accrue the resulting wealth, and cause as much subtle mischief as possible along the way.[3]
Old friends, the goblins fought with the Horde in the Second War, but broke off when they realized that it's more profitable to work both sides. However, many goblins remember the fun of the Horde and are willing to lower mercenary prices to Thrall and his people. Goblins offer almost exclusive transport services for the Horde, whether in their steamboats or zeppelins. You're more likely to find a team of goblin sappers, who take great pleasure in the chaos the Horde creates, meshed into Horde forces than those of the Alliance. Perhaps with enough persuasion, the goblins could be convinced to rejoin the Horde for the first time since the Second War (although that could be just as harmful as helpful, knowing the goblins).[4]
First appearances
Goblins first appeared in Warcraft II published by Blizzard Entertainment in December 1995, and have appeared or been referenced in many sources since.
Their earliest appearance chronologically was in the War of the Ancients trilogy; Neltharion created the Demon Soul before the War of the Ancients with the help of goblin artificers — hinting that the goblins may be an ancient race.
Early history
Goblins have been around for a long time, but the creatures were reclusive. Long ago, the goblins were a native race of the Isle of Kezan, and didn't have a fraction of their current intelligence. There, the race lived as slaves to the jungle trolls, mining the subterranean tunnels where the trolls didn't like going. However, soon the goblins unearthed a mineral known as kaja'mite (a strange mineral named after Mount Kajaro). The trolls valued the mineral, using it in voodoo rituals, and forced the subterranean goblins to continue mining the mineral. The goblins soon came to sense at some basic level that the mineral held enchantments unknown to the trolls. The goblins hoarded the mineral, using it to fashion crude objects of power deep within Undermine's twisting tunnels. However, the mineral had some unexpected side effects, it causes the goblins to grow in intelligence. Soon, goblins developed technology, if just crude weapons and armor.
With their increased intelligence, goblin cunning rose, and soon the race enacted a plan to free themselves from the trolls. In little time, the goblins owned the Isle of Kezan, and declared Undermine their capital. Goblins rapidly expanded their knowledge of technology. Goblins created Azeroth's first steam technologies. Rumors are that goblin technology back then was far more advanced than current dwarven technology. Goblins established themselves as master technicians, selling their goods on the open market. However, the power within the kaja'mite artifacts were finite, and soon dwindled, needing to be replaced. Eventually, kaja'mite ran out altogether. Desperate, goblins spread out into the world, attempting to find any pockets of kaja'mite they might have missed. Unfortunately, over the next few thousand years, up until roughly five hundred years before the First War, the goblins could find no further deposits of kaja'mite and goblin intelligence peaked. Without kaja'mite to strengthen their minds, goblins were unable to reproduce their brilliant technology or properly maintain it, and their works rapidly devolved into the crude juryrigged machines of today. The world began to fear the volatile machines, and sales dropped considerably. Goblins always had a love of money, however. With the loss of their intelligence and slow degradation of their technology, goblins embraced commerce. About two hundred years before the First War, the beginnings of Trade Fleets sailed out of Kezan and into the world.[2]
First and Second Wars
Goblins chose war as the perfect opportunity to cash in some gold, and began building their trade empire during the First War.[2] By the Second War, the goblins had established themselves as the traders of the world. Then, they became exclusive partners with the Horde. A Horde ambassador ventured forth and met with a single trade prince (rumored to be the Steamwheedle Cartel[5], perhaps Trade Prince Steamwheedle), asking for the goblins to provide machines and technology to the orcs, in exchange for spoils and gold. In the beginning, the arrangement seemed perfect. The goblin trade prince believed that the orcs would win the war, so he found it natural to join the winning side. As the profits flooded Undermine's coffers, the goblins expanded their slave markets. However, other goblins disagreed and remained neutral; thus, only this single trade prince and his subordinates joined the Horde. In the end, the trade prince realized his mistake and left the Horde, and the goblin race remembers the mistake and remains neutral to this day. The goblin race as a whole, in fact, is . They discovered it was more profitable to play both sides against each other.[6][7]
- See also: Goblins versus gnomes
Though once nothing but fodder for more taproom banter, goblin inventions have shown their worth in recent years. They're particularly fond of tinkering with mechanical things, alchemy, and explosives. Their love of mechanics often places them into direct competition with gnomes who enjoy similar devices. The the "competition" between goblins and gnomes seems to be friendly, an example of this is in the shimmering flats where the two races are constantly competing (by racing) with one another. Whether clockwork "shredders" that allow a single goblin to do as much harvesting as 10 field hands or zeppelin-like "airships" that can ferry troops over otherwise impassable terrain, the goblins' inventions have become legendary. Such technological ingenuity is as central to the goblins' rise among the races as any trading prowess.
Even with the malfunctions and explosions that occur (not as frequent as tavern chatter suggests, but far from rare), goblin technology is proving to be of a quality that rivals the dwarves and their firearms. If they possessed physical strength and mystic power to match their inventiveness and cunning, they would be a force of some significance. Of course, the goblins claim that they are already — if not for their frail physical forms, goblins would rule the world. Then they laugh and say they prefer a challenge and offer to buy the taproom guests the next round.
Role in the Second and Third Wars
Goblins came to dubious fame in the Second War for the suicide missions they undertook for the Horde, strapping explosives to themselves and floating behind enemy lines with the aid of an inflated sheep's bladder. In the aftermath of conflict, the goblins established that they had no political orientation. Their only real interest was trade: if you had the coin for their goods, they were your friends. Such neutrality gives them as broad a trading basis as possible for their wares, from magic items to mundane goods to their own mechanical inventions. It is rumored that they joined during the Second War either because the orcs paid or intimidated them.
On the whole, the Alliance and the Horde respect the goblins' new power, taking advantage of the trade princes' ability to produce or procure otherwise difficult-to-acquire items. Rumors have emerged of goblins engaging in massive strip mining and deforestation operations to harvest the raw materials, however, which cause the nature-loving night elves and tauren great concern. Since the tales have surfaced, the trade princes have suffered guerrilla attacks on their supply trains and sabotage of their factories. The goblins are clever enough to know the list of suspects is a short one, and they appear undaunted by the threat. They have amassed enough wealth to hire additional security for their mercantile concerns.
At some point after the Second War, the goblins apparently grew tired of carrying explosives for the Horde and decided that they needed to take control of their own destinies. Surprisingly, they proved smart enough to know that building an army of their own would be an even bloodier choice for their race than sapping and planting mines. So they chose a different path.
The goblins have taken to the role of merchant with a vengeance, and now it's hard to travel for more than a day or two without stumbling across a goblin shop of some size. Goblin zeppelins fly across the continent, delivering goods, supplies, messages and passengers from one shop to another, and I've heard more than one goblin brag that if it isn't in his shop, he can have it on the shelves within a week. One joker challenged that claim and ordered a dozen shredders, only to find them waiting outside his cottage two days later.
Goblin shops can be found nearly anywhere on Azeroth, seemingly regardless of whether or not there are towns nearby and heedless of dangers such as the Scourge. The goblins will sell anything to anyone, at only slightly inflated prices.
Apparently, the proprietor of each goblin shop determines how to protect his business from theft. Some of the solutions employed include the hiring of mercenary fighters as security guards; complicated, tinker-built security systems; and, most notoriously, enormous bombs on a dead man's switch that can be detonated on a moment's notice if a goblin merchant feels threatened. After news spread of thieves and bullies entering shops that were replaced moments later by smoking craters, few have found the nerve to probe how a given shop might be protected.
Though many shops remain Independent, a growing number of them have signs declaring that they are owned and operated by the Venture Company, which the proprietors claim is headquartered in a faraway city ruled by goblins where the streets are paved with gold.[8]
The goblins are also legendary for the sheer variety of trade in which they are willing to indulge and for their tenacity in bargaining. Goblins rarely let an item slip from their shelves for a single copper less than it is worth. The industrious goblins have established shacks and minor trading towns across much of Kalimdor in an impressively brief span of time. These outposts may vary in size and location, but all have a similarly impressive array of goods. The outposts get regular supply shipments (or as regular as possible, given the hazards of travel across Kalimdor), all coordinated by the goblin trade princes.
The trade princes are the most cunning of their race and will stop at nothing to amass their fortunes and power, whether through legitimate means or via black markets and treachery. Goblins encountered on Kalimdor or the Eastern Kingdoms are either privateers or agents of the various trade princes of Undermine.
Goblins are not purely mercenary. They are known to form strong bonds with individuals of other races. Their small forms and odd behavior make other races — elves in particular — ill at ease, but goblins do not seem to care much for the impression they make. They judge by deeds, befriending those who treat them as friends and standing apart from those who would offer them abuse.
According to the comment made by one of the Warcraft RPG developers[citation needed] (and Gaxim Rustfizzle), goblins "breed like rabbits", which accounts for them quickly outnumbering and, eventually, destroying any other races in the areas they settle around.
Such is the case with Tanaris, where goblins outnumber the native Sandfury trolls, as well as the Isle of Kezan, where they also pushed the native trolls out of the majority of the land. The only reason that the goblins don't outmatch the Horde and Alliance in population is because goblins often blow themselves up.
Several goblins are also renown for their skills as chefs. Cooking recipes such as Goblin Deviled Clams and Undermine Clam Chowder are a staple of the trade pioneered by the spindly green race. Adventurers in Azeroth wishing to advance their skill in the culinary arts to the Artisan level are directed to assist Dirge Quikcleave, the master chef of Gadgetzan, in his creation of the succulent new dish, Clamlette Surprise. Another renown goblin chef, Legassi, who is stranded in Hellfire Peninsula after a zeppelin crash, directs players in the creation of several new tantalizing dishes as well.
Goblins place their faith in themselves and in gold. They raise eyebrows at insubstantial concepts such as shamanism and the Holy Light, preferring gods they can see, weigh, and spend.[9]
- Main article: Goblin (language)
Goblins speak Goblin, Orcish, and Common. Goblins know myriad languages in order to trade with as many races as possible.[10]
Military tactics and forces
Goblin forces are terrifying to behold. The Trade Fleets are outfitted with the most fanatical and destructive creatures on Azeroth. The average person wonders why the trade princes require such powerful armies, if they are holding to their neutrality stance. It certainly seems excessive.
The simple truth is, the forces are not excessive. The life of those living on the South Seas is harsh, due to attacks from everything from pirates to rogue magical beasts. Conflict exists everywhere, and a trade prince is always in peril of death. Every day, a trade prince must test his food on three different people. There is only one way to become a trade prince, and that's to take out the competition. Thus, to prevent rivals from taking their thrones and to ensure that business may be conducted as normal, each trade prince enlists a hefty force of warriors. It's absolutely necessary to keep order in the goblin world.
The Trade Fleets also require extreme guards. Undermine's goods sail everywhere, especially into hostile or desolate territories to make a coin. Simply put, goblins go to dangerous places. Without strong guards, there would be no trade, because there would be only dead traders.
Despite appearances, goblins maintain rigid procedures and formations for battle. They only look disorganized. Goblins are intelligent, and they use their brains in battle. Confuse the enemy, and the enemy leaves blind spots. Slip in between the cracks and break the forces open from the inside. Many battles during the Second War were lost when Alliance forces underestimated goblin tactics.[11]
Not surprisingly, all goblin forces use a wide and dizzying array of technological weaponry. From the simplest firearms to the largest steam-driven war instruments, goblin technology dominates war fields. Even magic has a difficult time creating as much destruction and havoc as goblin war machines.
When goblins fought in the Second War, they created three units especially for the war effort. Goblin zeppelins rode high above the terrain to scout out the area, and occasionally transported warriors. Goblins also lent their services as sappers, using explosives to take out enemy fortifications. Often the goblins went with the explosives, but this was of little consequence. Sappers were a copper a dozen.
Furthermore, during the war, goblins fought from all angles, especially the sea. The Stormreaver clan captured giant sea turtles native to the southern seas. Pacified by potent spells of control, these lumbering monstrosities were fitted with watertight canopies strapped onto the backs of their shells and used as submersible orcish craft. By submerging under the waves, the giant turtles could steal upon unsuspecting enemy craft and report their position to the Horde fleet. They were visible solely to towers, creatures of the air, and other submersible vessels. The daring goblins who controlled them were dedicated to destroying enemy ships by launching hazardous, steam-driven canisters containing highly volatile liquids that shredded even the strongest armor.
During the Third War, goblins also fielded shredders to anyone who paid well enough. The pilots cared little about the actual war, preferring to chop down forests for their pay. However, when push came to shove, goblin shredders proved lethal in battle. The pilot's inexperience with battle was evened out by the shredder's armor and powerful steamsaw, which cut down enemies as easily as trees. Goblins hired themselves to anyone with the gold, and alongside shredders, the goblins fielded sappers and zeppelins once again in battle. Even tinkers and alchemists joined the fight, granting explosive and chemical warfare to the highest bidder.[12]
Notable goblins
Goblins are slight and wiry, averaging 3 feet in height and weighing between 30 and 50 pounds. They have long, sharp noses, chins and ears, and green skin. Their arms are long and slender and their fingers deft. They tend to wear leather clothing, often cut into aprons to protect against caustic fluids. Goggles usually cover their eyes, and various technological devices are strapped across their bodies.[9] Goblins that have hair often have it as Mohawks, ponytails, or spiky.
Goblins are a wily, cunning race of traders and tinkers whom adventurers typically encounter as parts of trading envoys...or on pirate raids. Goblin ships frequent the seas, ferrying or seeking riches, slaves or exotic wares. Kalimdor's main goblin port is the party town of Ratchet, a harbor city located on the eastern shore of the Barrens directly between Durotar and Theramore. Goblin trade outposts are found everywhere, including all major cities and such inhospitable realms as Northrend and Stranglethorn Vale. Their zeppelins run a wealthy business ferrying passengers across kingdoms and continents.[9] Goblins tolerate carrying armed passengers in their zeppelins, however, they don't transport cannons or heavy artillery in their zeppelins because that could compromise their neutrality.[13]
Goblins are neutral and take pains to make sure their nearby customers play nice with each other. Goblin guards patrol Ratchet and a few of the other goblin settlements, keeping tabs on the various Horde and Alliance visitors. Despite these enforcers however, the goblins' neutral settlements can still be dangerous places, as members of either faction will often still attack each other in the belief that they can evade the guards. With the exception of Ratchet, their settlements generally have a consistent appearance and construction.
Traveling goblin merchants employ bodyguards to protect them and their wares. Goblins are independent. Goblins hired themselves out to the Horde in the Second War, but now they belong only to themselves and whoever pays them. Constantly building and inventing requires massive resources, both for creating the machines themselves and maintaining those that actually work. Cannibalizing old machines only partially sustains this fervent activity of creation, so goblins rely on trade with as many races and cultures as possible. They are the quintessential merchants, peddling all manner of exotic goods for the highest possible prices.
Goblin mechanical and mercantile pursuits are not always (or even often) performed within the bounds of polite society. Though not evil, goblins are willing to embark on shady business ventures — slavery, deforestation, poaching, smuggling and oil drilling, for example — to accomplish their goals. They are opportunists to the core and revel in bartering the better deal at every turn. Goblins try to get along with all other races. Doing so is part of their business. Nevertheless, everyone views goblins with justified suspicion. Night elves in particular dislike the goblins because the little creatures have no respect for nature or natural resources.[9]
Goblins are a capitalistic bunch and most buy or sell anything to make a profit. Goblin merchants love to haggle, have excellent wares and are too smart to be cheated — or so they claim. Most big cities have at least one stationary goblin merchant shop, managed by a goblin family. The heads of the family run the shop while the younger goblins travel the land to find, buy or steal the inventory. They sell to anyone: Alliance, Horde, or Independent. Some even deal with demons if the price is right. Some goblins drive their carts from town to town, buying and selling as they go. These carts look rickety and secondhand, but the appearance is likely a diversion. A goblin's cart is usually in perfect driving condition; the goblin never knows when he may have to leave town quickly or outrun an enraged customer. These merchants are often less than reputable and more likely to have items that they cannot identify themselves. Goblin merchant houses are not necessarily places to avoid, however. Often a hero can discover hard-to-find items, even rare or magic items, within the walls. As long as the hero is able to spot a bad deal, it should be safe for him to enter.
The goblins are an unbending bunch, refusing any sort of barter and demanding to be paid only in gold. There is a saying around Ratchet: If a traveling goblin merchant were starving to death and someone offered to trade food for the goblin's merchandise, he'd starve before he accepted anything but gold. A customer who enters a goblin shop intending to barter finds himself laughed out into the street. The goblins do not even allow their employees to receive discounts or work for merchandise. Goblins deal only in gold. The merchants accept gold in any form and have precise scales to aid their customers. Goblins accept recently mined nuggets, panned dust or defaced Alliance gold coins that would be refused in other areas. They are grumpier about accepting silver, but do so.[14]
Horde and Alliance
The goblins care little for the Alliance and Horde conflicts; what concerns them, as usual, is the effect these events have on their cash flow. The goblins do not, as a rule, like the Scourge, as the undead threatened to wipe out the entire populations of the Alliance and Horde, leaving the goblins with no customers. War is profitable for the goblins; annihilation is not. Once they served as suicide mercenaries for the Horde; now the goblins have made their place as the strongest merchant race in the world. If one wants to purchase something, whether it is supplies, equipment, weapons, magic items or even slaves, the goblins either have it or know where to get it. All that matters is the price, in their eyes..
The goblins like a balance of power. Military conflicts make money for the goblins as the combatants purchase supplies, and if the two sides are evenly matched, conflicts could go on for generations. This promises fat purse bags for the goblins for years to come. The goblins helped out the Horde for years because of this, but now they feel the Horde has come to match the Alliance in power, and they rest in the neutral middle, satisfied to play mercenary and merchant to either side.
The goblins understand the Alliance better than they understand the neutral races, as they have a long history of dealings with the Alliance. As merchants, they are frequently found in Theramore, and as mercenaries, they may even be found among the Alliance armies. True business entrepreneurs, goblins understand their customers very well and almost always know what they want. Their favorite Alliance customers are the high elves, who jump at the chance to buy magical items.[15] Although many in the Alliance consider the goblin mercenaries to be war profiteers, they are not above using them. If they have no tinkers, or their tinkers have died in a previous battle, they sometimes have to go to the goblins for repairs or supplies. And the goblins are always ready to help a customer, for the right price.[16] The goblins' skills certainly don't stop at trade. Although not as talented at the invention of firearms as the Ironforge dwarves, the goblins have refined their inventing talents to create a handful of very useful tools that are, of course, for sale. Since the latest conflicts, the goblins have modified their marketing tactics to focus on pushing their deforestation operations to the night elves, of all races, to help clear out the cursed Felwood Forest. They also sell their zeppelins to the night elves, so that these customers can spot and put an end to deforestation. They made a great deal of money selling items to help the Alliance fight Illidan and his army of blood elves and naga, and constantly remind the Alliance members who travel through Ratchet that Illidan is still out there and supplies are always needed. Some merchants are able to mask the tone of glee in their voices while saying this, but most don't bother.[15]
The Horde and the goblins get along fairly well, as the orcs remember the (well-paid) sacrifice of the goblins for their cause in earlier wars. They still purchase zeppelins and other goblin services. The goblins often enjoy the company of the orcs, and the war veterans from both races will get together and drink if offered the opportunity.[15] Old friends, the Goblins fought with the Horde in the Second War, but broke off when they realized that it's more profitable to work both sides. However, many goblins remember the fun of the Horde and are willing to lower mercenary prices to Thrall and his people. Goblins offer almost exclusive transport services for the Horde, whether in their steamboats or zeppelins. You're more likely to find a team of goblin sappers, who take great pleasure in the chaos the Horde creates, meshed into Horde forces than those of the Alliance. Perhaps with enough persuasion, the goblins could be convinced to rejoin the Horde for the first time since the Second War (although that could be just as harmful as helpful, knowing the goblins).[4]
Perhaps the only remaining goblin scruple is that they will not betray a customer. While they understand each side of the war very well, if the Alliance is paying them for services, merchant or mercenaries, they will not act as double agents for the Horde. This is as close to honor as the goblins usually get.[15]
Goblins don't like gnomes much, as they are the two races that are best at engineering. They often combat in engineering, like at the Mirage Raceway in Shimmering Flats. It is hard to say who is the best at engineering, the goblins or gnomes.
There appear to be some goblins still working with the Horde found in Ashenvale, Orgrimmar, Camp Mojache, and Thousand Needles; even then, goblins working for the Horde run the zeppelin system. Recently goblins have joined the Warsong Offensive, some even displaying the Horde symbol on their tabard.[1] [2] and fighting on the front lines.[3] Also, there are a handful that seem to be in the pay of the Alliance, such as the SI:7 agent Renzik "The Shiv". However, the RPG says these are mercenaries or merchants making money off the Alliance or the Horde to work for them, or by selling stuff to them.
Other goblins are found in the employ of the Burning Blade, and the Black Dragonflight.
Other goblin races
- Hobgoblin
- In Manual of Monsters Appendix Three, two other kind of goblins are mentioned: Coal Goblin and Spider-Eye Goblin, however the validity of this source is disputed.
- In World of Warcraft, the goblins borrow the basic skeleton from dwarves, although their profile photo is at a different angle; they also possess a unique dance and other different animations. The older goblin model used for shredder pilots and flight masters takes the basic skeleton from imps.
- Some goblin NPC names have a second meaning, out of context with the game environment. As a <Fashion Designer>, the goblin Haughty Modiste's name is constructed of the words haughty, a form of disdainful arrogance, and modiste, a French word that means "fashion designer" or "fashion vendor". Likewise, Snurk Bucksquick <Zeppelin Master> talks openly about escorting the player's character to the steamy jungles of Stranglethorn Vale, to "show [them] a real jungle cat."
- Female goblins use the male gnome sounds in combat — although there aren't many female goblin NPCs that you can fight, all you need to do is go at war with one of the goblin factions and fight one in order to hear it.
- A goblin is an evil, crabby, or mischievous creature of folklore (mainly European, but other mythologies have similar creatures), often described as a grotesquely disfigured or gnome-like phantom who may range in height from that of a dwarf to that of a human.
- Before patch 2.3.0, goblins could not wear (or at least show) Head items. Kiz Coilspanner was the first to show this, followed by the helmed Irradiated Workers' models being switched from gnomes to goblins.
External Links
- Worgen, as a playable race. on Random Ravings.
- ^ World of Warcraft: The Roleplaying Game, 174
- ^ a b c Dark Factions, 114
- ^ World of Warcraft: The Roleplaying Game, 41-42
- ^ a b Horde Player's Guide, 188, 190
- ^ Horde Player's Guide, 188
- ^ Dark Factions, 114-115
- ^ Beyond the Dark Portal, 94
- ^ Lands of Conflict, 28-29
- ^ a b c d World of Warcraft: The Roleplaying Game, 42
- ^ World of Warcraft: The Roleplaying Game, 43
- ^ Dark Factions, 178
- ^ Dark Factions, 179
- ^ World of Warcraft: The Comic #10
- ^ World of Warcraft: The Roleplaying Game, 177
- ^ a b c d Alliance & Horde Compendium, 70-71
- ^ Alliance Player's Guide, 181


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WASHINGTON (AP) — The nation bid farewell Thursday to Neil Armstrong, the first man to take a giant leap onto the moon.
The pioneers of space, the powerful of the capital and the everyday public crowded into the Washington National Cathedral for a public interfaith memorial for the very private astronaut.
Armstrong, who died last month in Ohio at age 82, walked on the moon in July 1969.
"He's now slipped the bonds of Earth once again, but what a legacy he left," former Treasury Secretary John Snow told the gathering.
Apollo 11 crewmates Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins, Mercury astronaut John Glenn, 18 other astronauts, three NASA chiefs, and about two dozen members of Congress were among the estimated 1,500 people that joined Armstrong's widow, Carol, and other family members in the cavernous cathedral.
Collins read a prayer tailored to Armstrong's accomplishments and humility. A moon rock that the Apollo 11 astronauts gave the church in 1974 is embedded in one of its stained glass windows.
"You have now shown once again the pathway to the stars," Eugene Cernan, the last man to walk on the moon said in a tribute to Armstrong. "As you soar through the heavens beyond even where eagles dare to go, you can now finally put out your hand and touch the face of God."
Cernan was followed by a slow and solemn version of "Fly Me to the Moon" by singer Diana Krall.
The service also included excerpts from a speech 50 years ago by John F. Kennedy in which he said America chose to send men to the moon by the end of the 1960s not because it was easy, but because it was hard. The scratchy recording of the young president said going to the moon was a goal that "will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we're willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone."
Shortly after that speech in 1961 at Rice University, Armstrong, not yet an astronaut but always a gifted engineer, was already working on how to land a spaceship on the moon, NASA administrator Charles Bolden recalled. Snow talked of the 12-year-old Armstrong who built a wind tunnel. But most of Armstrong's friends and colleagues spent time remembering the humble Armstrong. Snow called him a "regular guy" and "the most reluctant of heroes."
Bolden, a former astronaut, said Armstrong's humility and courage "lifted him above the stars."
"No one, but no one, could have accepted the responsibility of his remarkable accomplishment with more dignity and more grace than Neil Armstrong," Cernan said. "He embodied all that is good and all that is great about America."
Bolden read a letter from President Barack Obama saying, "the imprint he left on the surface of the moon is matched only by the extraordinary mark he left on ordinary Americans."
Armstrong commanded the historic landing of the Apollo 11 spacecraft on the moon July 20, 1969. His first words after stepping onto the moon are etched in history books: "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind." Armstrong insisted later that he had said "a" before man, but said he, too, couldn't hear it in the recording.
Armstrong and Aldrin spent nearly three hours walking on the lunar surface while Collins circled above the moon. In all, 12 American astronauts walked on the moon before the last moon mission in 1972.
Armstrong was a U.S. Navy aviator. He joined NASA's predecessor agency in 1955 as a civilian test pilot and later, as an astronaut, flew first in Gemini 8 in 1966. After the moon landing he spent a year in Washington as a top official at the space agency, but then he left NASA to teach aerospace engineering at the University of Cincinnati. He later was chairman of two electronics companies, but mostly kept out of the public eye.
A private service was held earlier in suburban Cincinnati for Armstrong, who will be buried at sea.
In her homily Thursday, the Right Rev. Mariann Edgar Budde, Episcopal bishop for Washington, talked of how Armstrong sought to encourage young people to do even more, go even further.
Among the crowd in the cathedral was 14-year-old Shane DiGiovanna of Cincinnati, a young man who has spent his life grappling with an incurable skin disease and hearing loss. Shane idolized Armstrong and had always wanted to meet the first man on the moon, but it never happened.
But the eighth-grader met Cernan and former Apollo 13 commander James Lovell when they recently announced a memorial fund named for Armstrong at Cincinnati's Children's Hospital Medical Center, where Shane has been treated.
The Armstrong family invited Shane to join them at the Washington memorial service, something Shane called a "really big honor."
Just as Armstrong was working on the lunar lander after the Kennedy speech, Shane said he is now working on drawings of a lander for Mars. He wants to be an aerospace engineer.
"I'm hoping," Shane said, "to definitely contribute a lot to the next step."
NASA: http://www.nasa.gov
Seth Borenstein can be followed at http://twitter.com/borenbears

subset: commoncrawl


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(Pocket-lint) - Sony has yet another smartphone for us to take a peek at. In what seems like a line up more complex than discovering the Higgs Boson, the Xperia Miro is basically another phone entering into the cheap Android handset battle.
All the standard things are there: it's slim enough and carries a front facing camera, something of a rarity for this level of smartphone. Below the 3.5-inch screen is a small notifications light, alerting you to all sorts of different phone-related activities. Think of it a bit like the lighting on the Xperia S, just not as plush.
Inside Sony has stuck all the usual features, meaning Music Unlimited apps and the Sony Entertainment Network. It also runs on Android 4.0, which is particularly good to see as Ice Cream Sandwich is still a bit too much of a rarity on cheaper handsets.
XLoud speakers give you nice music playback and microSD compatibility means you can store plenty of music. Inside is a 800MHz Cortex A9 processor, giving you just enough grunt to get things ticking along nicely. On the back you get a 5-megapixel snapper, just no Exmor R love unfortunately, which is saved for the top-of-the-line Sony phones.
Weighing in at around 110g and just 113 x 59.4 x 9.9mm in size, it is yet another small, light and affordable Android phone. The Ice Cream Sandwich OS is a bonus, as is the decent 3.5-inch screen, which, while being bright, is smudgy as anything with just a 165ppi pixel density.
This is one phone that will sway potential purchasers with design. It looks different, doesn't feel cheap and will come in four colours: black, pink, white with silver and gold with silver. Expect it to cost around £150 and arrive September time.
Like the sound of the Miro? Let us know in the comments below ...


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As the Toronto Blue Jays embark on their 35th season in major league baseball there is a renewed sense of optimism and hope resonating through Blue Jays nation. General Manager Alex Anthopoulos has taken the reigns as new leader of the team and has shown himself to be quite capable, even shrewd.
The Blue Jays surprisingly finished the 2010 season with an 85 win season in the super tough AL East division and again showed they are one of the better teams in baseball when considering strength of schedule – a major crutch for the team over the past decade, and certainly an ongoing challenge going forward.
Heading into 2011 the optimism isn't necessarily only for the current roster and chances for a playoff run but the overall direction of the team. Simply put the Toronto Blue Jays are poised to join baseball's elite in the next 2-3 seasons given the new commitment to player development, draft resources and controlling costs with young assets.
Ownership has given the team the needed resources to ensure the Blue Jays are competitive in the international free agent market and the Jays were among the final few teams to nearly land Cuban lefty Aroldis Chapman (and his 105.1 MPH fastball). The Jays were able to land a Cuban of their own in 21-year old SS Adeiny Hechavarria. It continued last summer when the Jays landed top Venezuelan teenage pitching prospect Adonis Cardona, a right handed pitcher signed for record 2.8 million dollar bonus (in Venezuela).
The Blue Jays have told fans that money will not be an issue if and when the team is ready to compete at the highest level (playoffs) and have gone on record as saying the payroll will easily eclipse $100MM if needed. With a few big name free agent hitters hitting the open market at the end of this season (including Albert Pujols and Prince Fielder) the Jays could be in a prime spot to land one of the big free agents.
This past offseason saw Alex Anthopoulos pull off one of the biggest heists in recent memory when he managed to unload the entire Vernon Wells contract to the Los Angeles Angels, saving nearly $90MM over the next few years. Notice I do not even need to mention if a player was returned to the Jays for this to be an unbelievable deal for the Jays, Wells' contract was that horrifying and crippling.
The Blue Jays also dealt their best pitcher from 2010 (stat wise) when they moved SP Shaun Marcum to the Milwaukee Brewers for their top prospect 2B/3B/OF Brett Lawrie. His bat and being a Canadian are the makings of an instant fan favourite. His suspect defence, lack of position and questionable facebook pictures are the detriments at this point.
My money is on a solid, if not spectacular Blue Jays career and Lawrie was considered the best prospect moved in an offseason that also saw Zack Greinke and Matt Garza moved you have to be happy hearing that if you are a Jays fan. Shaun Marcum will be missed mind you but on a pure talent basis he was likely our fourth or fifth best pitcher, and oldest to boot.
The Blue Jays decided that Jose Bautista was for real and signed him to a five year contract worth $65MM ensuring the top HR hitter in 2010 remains with the team. I like the contract as Bautista is more than just empty HRs, he plays defence, gets on-base and has proven to be a solid clubhouse influence. I reviewed his massive 2010 campaign against the best in Jays history, who had the best all-time Jays offensive season?
There have been more than a few reviews of this contract if you want a more thorough evaluation, here and here. There is no trade clause attached so if the Blue Jays are so inclined, they could potentially move Bautista if the market dictates.
Other key departures:
RP Scott Downs, C John Buck, RP Kevin Gregg, LF Fred Lewis
Other key arrivals:
RP Frank Francisco, RP Jon Rauch, LF Juan Rivera, CF Rajai Davis, LF Scott Podsednick, RP Octavio Dotel.
The Blue Jays also said goodbye to a familiar face as manager Cito Gaston stepped aside as the team's skipper and the Jays hired Boston Red Sox pitching Coach John Farrell to be the new manager. The consensus around baseball is he will make an excellent manager and is a great leader for a young emerging ballclub like Toronto. If only the Blue Jays could have brought back Dan Schulman to do their play-by-play on a nightly basis, this would have been a stellar offseason as opposed to only a good one.
Overall it is hard to argue against a solid offseason as the Jays saved a boatload of money, added a top Canadian prospect and really didn't weaken their current team all that much in my mind. The last bonus is with some of the shrewd moves made by AA the Blue Jays hold a ton of picks in the top 3 round of the upcoming 2011 Amateur MLB draft, one of the strongest drafts in recent memory.
Let's take a look at the current 2011 team:
Catcher – JP Arencibia & Jose Molina.
Synopsis – There has been a lot of pressure placed on JP Arencibia heading into 2011 and more than a few people worried he might crack under it. Arencibia lit up Las Vegas and AAA in the ultra-friendly hitters paradise (301/359/626 – .412 wOBA) and after Blue Jays fans enshrined him in Cooperstown after a 5-hit debut he struggled at the major league level.
Arencibia is 25 years old and just sniffing the show now and unlike a lot of folks I am not sold that he is our catcher of the future. I would give him every opportunity this year to prove me wrong but I am excited about the depth at catcher the organization has amassed with Travis D'Arnaud and Carlos Perez. But he is a concern for me, as well as for Drew at Ghost Runner on First (great blog).
Jose Molina is our backup catcher with the required skills for that position.
This spot could be a real weakness for the Jays in 2011.
First Base – Adam Lind
Synopsis – Lind is hitting his prime offensive years (he will be 28 in July/2011) and after lighting up MLB pitchers in 2009 (.394 wOBA) he came back to earth hard in 2011 (.309 wOBA). His BABIP was down 30 points compared to his career average, his HR/FB mark was down 6 percent but he also showed less patience and more hack-tastic tendencies at the plate. I like the fans projection (at Fangraphs) of 278/333/487, around 25 HRs and below average defence.
Second Base – Aaron Hill
Synopsis – Hill is hitting his prime offensive years (turning 29 this month) and after lighting up MLB pitchers in 2009 (.357 wOBA) he came back to earth hard in 2011 (.291 wOBA). His BABIP was down nearly 100 points compared to his career average, his HR/FB mark was down 5 percent but he also showed less patience and more hack-tastic tendencies at the plate. I like the Bill James projection of 260/319/446, around 20 HRs and average defence.
Yes, eerily identical as both Hill and Lind struggled mightily in 2010 after tearing it up in 2009, both are being counted on to rebound in 2011 and both should.
Synopsis – Possibly the most discussed player in baseball heading into 2011 with the widest range of projections and expectations. One of the better seasons in Blue Jays history in 2010 the 30-year old Bautista heads into 2011 as the everyday third basemen and a guy the team will lean on heavily in the middle of its order.
I'm going to take Bill James projection again (251/355/509, 34 HRs) and I wish the Jays could play him in RF because his defence isn't exactly stellar at the hot corner based on past reviews (-24 UZR for his career at 3B). His patience will be highly valued in this line-up of mostly hackers, the Jays could be poised
Shortstop – Yunel Escobar
Synopsis – Another solid move by Alex Anthopoulos was managing to get a guy who some considered one of the best up-and-coming middle infielders in baseball only a few years ago. Escobar is 28 years old and coming off a subpar offensive season in 2010 (.301 wOBA) but he plays an excellent SS (4.3 UZR in 2010) and should rebound with the stick.
Marcel projections look most reasonable (273/350/378, possibly 10 HRs) with excellent SS defence and a definite asset for the Jays in 2011.
Left Field – Juan Rivera
Synopsis – Though not often discussed Rivera does provide an intriguing option at the plate. Looking at 2009, Rivera was basically Vernon Wells 2010 with a slash line of 287/332/478 to go with 25 HRs. The 32-year old provides a veteran presence in the line-up who has a career .834 OPS versus left handed pitchers (an area the Jays struggled with last year).
He is below average defensively and provides little value outside of his bat, if that doesn't rebound he could be one of the least valuable players in the game (WAR).
Centre Field – Rajai Davis
Synopsis – Acquired by the Blue Jays in the offseason the 30-year old Davis will be counted upon to play the majority of innings in centre field. UZR was not kind to him last season (-7.1 in CF) however he has been an above average defender at the premium CF spot for most of his career, hopefully 2010 was the outlier.
Davis is another hacker in the sense he isn't keen on taking the walk (career 5.9 BB%) like most of the Blue Jays line-up this year. Davis biggest contribution will be on the base paths as the speedster has stolen 41 and 50 bases in the past two seasons. Expect 280/325/390 with good CF defence and a lot of SBs as new manager John Farrell said he wanted to be more aggressive in this regard.
Right Field – Travis Snider
Synopsis – Here is the real wildcard for me heading into 2011. Few remember that Snider is only 23-years old and was an extremely highly touted prospect – could this finally be the season he shows us why? He's another guy who won't walk much but Bill James projects 274/338/499 with 22 HRs in 2011, numbers most Jay's fans would accept.
Scott Podsednick and Corey Patterson could see some time in the outfield and each brings a little something to a team, whether it is speed, bench help or defence.
Designated Hitter – Edwin Encarnacion
Synopsis – If there ever was a candidate to not own a baseball glove, Encarnacion might be near the top (though in fairness it is his arm that is most erratic). Say what you want about his porous defence but EE can do one thing well, hit for power. He cranked out 21 HRs in only 367 PAs to go with a solid .482 SLG, .238 ISO and .339 wOBA.
He fits right in with the rest of the Blue Jays hitters in the fact that he doesn't appreciate ball four nearly enough (career 8.9 BB%) and this could be a real issue for the Jays again this season if the HR/FB ratio dries up. EE will spell Lind at 1B occasionally and should provide some decent value as the teams DH this year.
Starting Rotation – Ricky Romero, Brandon Morrow, Brett Cecil, Kyle Drabek, Jesse Litsch
This is a pretty solid group again for the Blue Jays with Romero anchoring the young rotation. Brandon Morrow has to prove 2010 wasn't a fluke and continue to build on his solid peripherals. Brett Cecil might emerge as the ace of the staff by the end of this season if he continues to develop. Kyle Drabek will be on a strict pitch/innings count but he has the promise to develop into a solid #2 or 3 pitcher. Jesse Litsch isn't flashy but when given the chance he has shown the ability to get hitters out consistently.
Here are the "Fans" (at Fangraphs) projections for each of our starting five for 2011:
|R. Romero
|B. Morrow
|B. Cecil
|K. Drabek
|J. Litsch*
*Bill James projection (fans projection not available)
Marc Rzepczynski is another candidate for the fifth starter spot but I have to think that if Jesse Litsch is healthy the Jays will hand him the job. Litsch could provide a decent trade return for a team looking for an arm at the deadline if he can establish his 2008 form (a league average starter). With a staff as young as the Jays there are sure to be some hiccups along the way and health is always the big unknown from season to season.
The bullpen should be fairly strong again even with the loss of Scott Downs who has been consistently our best reliever during his Blue Jays career.
The group should consist of Frank Francisco, Jon Rauch, Octavio Dotel, Jason Frasor, Shawn Camp, David Purcey and Jo-Jo Reyes. AA is apparently enamoured with Reyes, enough so to keep Reyes on the roster as opposed to losing him to waivers as he is out of options (thank you reader Adam, Reyes was acquired in the Escobar trade from the Braves). The Blue Jays have a ton of depth in the pen and this should serve them well come trade deadline day or again qualifying them and hopefully receiving compensatory draft picks.
Final Outlook:
It appears 2011 will be a year of transition as we prepare and groom some of our minor league prospect (more on that below) to hopefully turn the Blue Jays into full fledged contender in 2012. This season won't be embarrassing and the Jays have some surprise to the upside this year but I think Jays fans are willing to take a step back in the win column when considering how much long term ground is starting to be gained.
I think the Jays will be a .500 baseball club.
Join the ongoing conversation about the Toronto Blue Jays, Kyle Drabek and the world of baseball on TWITTER, follow me @tdotsports1
Up next: Top 10 Toronto Blue Jays Prospects
Most (or all) of the top prospect guru's and sites and ranked or handed out grades to the Blue Jays group of prospects including Baseball America, Keith Law, John Sickels, Fangraphs and B-Pro and I have read nearly every scouting report, ranking and grade known to man. I have participated in deep minor league drafts, have a keen interest in the top young ballplayers due to my active role in a DMB based simulation league and have basically been addicted to prospect porn for the past decade or so.


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AKWESASNE-Mrs. Bernice M. Sunday Jacobs, "Kahsennenha:wi",75, 886 River Road, Snye, passed away on Sunday, June 20, 2010 at her home.
Bernice was born on November 15, 1934 in Snye, Quebec, daughter of John B. Sunday and Louse White. She attended schools in Snye. On June 20, 1955, she married Donald P. Jacobs, Sr. at the St. Regis Catholic Church with Rev. Michael Jacobs, officiating. He predeceased her on January 12, 1986.
She once worked at Rockwell Industrial and General Electric, both in Syracuse. After returning to Akwesasne, she worked at Akwesasne Headstart Program, where she was a "Tota". She was a member of Kateri Circle and Quebec Native Women's Association. She enjoyed basketmaking, quilting, and picking sweetgrass. She was an avid collector of antiques and china, and also enjoyed going to garage sales. She loved playing ace to king and gambling.
Bernice is survived by her ten children, Ernest Jacobs of Montreal; Phillip Jacobs Jr. of Snye; Helena Jacobs of Syracuse; Louis "Luigi" and Daniel Jacobs of Snye; Carmella Colon and her husband Pete of Cornwall; Katrina "Digga" Jacobs and her companion, David Colon of Rooseveltown; Regina Jacobs of Snye; Christopher "LaBoy" Jacobs of Syracuse; and Ira Jacobs of Snye. She is also survived by 44 grandchildren, 22 great grandchildren, and a chosen brother, Dennis Lazore, of Snye.
She was predeceased by a brother, Archie Sunday, in 1995.
Friends may call at the Homemakers, Snye, beginning at noon on Wednesday until Thursday, 10 a.m. A mass of Christian burial will be celebrated Thursday at 11 a.m. at St. Regis Catholic Church with Rev. George H. Belgarde, SJ, officiating. The body will be then transferred to Carter Funeral Home, 1604 Grant Blvd., Syracuse, where calling hours will be held on Friday. Prayer services will be held Saturday at 11 a.m. with burial following in St. Mary's Cemetery, Dewitt. Arrangements are with the Donaldson Funeral Home, Massena.


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REIKI WEEKEND - (incorporating Usui Levels I and II). Internationally Accredited and Certified Practitioner 2 day course. Carrara, Gold Coast on 5 - 6 September 2020.
In this workshop we teach the Traditional Usui Reiki system of Natural healing and how to utilise life-force energy for healing the self, others, animals, & plants. You will learn how to apply healing at a distance along with learning the sacred symbols and how to apply them in a healing session. You will also learn related topics to enhance your healing knowledge, including the chakra system, the mind-body-spirit connection, consciousness, heart-based living, the metaphysical causations of illness, emotional intelligence, epi-genetics, quantum physics...and mirror work.
After completion of this level you are recognised as a practitioner and are able to practice your new learnt modality in a professional capacity and charge money for your services accordingly.
You will receive a certificate of the Usui System of Natural Healing Level II, manual, handouts, post course material, & on-going support
|Event Date
|05-09-2020 9:00 am
|Event End Date
|06-09-2020 6:30 am
|Individual Price
|Holistic Harmony, 34 Michelmore Rd, Carrara QLD 4211, Australia
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Clearing The Air On Skype: Most Of What You Read Was Not Accurate, But There Are Still Reasons To Worry
from the let's-dig-in deptOver the last few days there's been something of a firestorm of people claiming that Skype was letting police listen in on your calls. We had been among those who noted that Skype was, at the very least, no longer willing to make clear statements about whether the service was able to be wire-tapped. Skype to Skype calls are a direct person-to-person connection (rather than through a central server), so most people thought that they were not particularly tappable. That's not quite true. And, of course, if you use Skype as part of a phone call to or from a regular phone line, those calls would be tappable via traditional phone wiretaps.
The "Skype may be letting law enforcement listen in on your calls" furor took off in the following few days. The Washington Post reported that Skype was making it easier for law enforcement to get text chat and user data. It's not actually clear that this is true either (but more on that later). It then kicked into high gear, when Eric Jackson at Forbes (whom we've written about before for his bizarrely uninformed take on the Yahoo/Facebook patent fight and those who reported on it) wrote a ridiculously ignorant post claiming that Microsoft can listen in on all his Skype calls, based off an incredible misreading of the original post about Skype's refusal to comment directly on the wiretapping abilities.
Jackson's more level-headed colleague, Kash Hill, pushed back on Jackson's claims, but also noted that the law (in the US) is pretty clear that there is no legal requirement for Microsoft to make Skype tappable... but there have been regular efforts made to change that. Hill spoke to legal expert Jennifer Granick who pointed out that just the uncertainty and threat that such legislation might come down the road at some point seemed to be leading companies to make development decisions that left open the possibility of surveillance:
The mere threat of regulation is driving innovation in the direction of backdoors and surveillance compliance. And US law doesn't require that, yet.But what's actually happening, since so much of this seems to be conjecture and speculation? Well, as the attention and questions grew, Skype itself weighed in to "clarify." It noted that it has been installing more in-house "supernodes" (in the more distant past, various Skype users would act as supernodes) to improve quality for the directory -- but that Skype to Skype calls (again, not calls that touch the public telephone network) were still encrypted person-to-person calls:
The move to in-house hosting of "supernodes" does not provide for monitoring or recording of calls. "Supernodes" help Skype clients to locate each other so that Skype calls can be made. Simply put, supernodes act as a distributed directory of Skype users. Skype to Skype calls do not flow through our data centres and the "supernodes" are not involved in passing media (audio or video) between Skype clients.But... is there still reason to be somewhat (though not hysterically) concerned? Perhaps. Chris Soghoian has the best post by far on what's known and what's unknown, which explains how Skype's person-to-person encryption may not be as totally untappable as some people assume. He notes that while the Skype to Skype calls are encrypted, Skype has access to the encryption key (he has a full explanation for how/why this is) and then explains what this likely means:
These calls continue to be established directly between participating Skype nodes (clients). In some cases, Skype has added servers to assist in the establishment, management or maintenance of calls; for example, a server is used to notify a client that a new call is being initiated to it and where the full Skype application is not running (e.g. the device is suspended, sleeping or requires notification of the incoming call), or in a group video call, where a server aggregates the media streams (video) from multiple clients and routes this to clients that might not otherwise have enough bandwidth to establish connections to all of the participants.
[....] Skype software autonomously applies encryption to Skype to Skype calls between computers, smartphones and other mobile devices with the capacity to carry a full version of Skype software as it always has done. This has not changed.
Ok, so Skype has access to users' communications encryption keys (or can enable others to impersonate as Skype users). What does this mean for the confidentiality of Skype calls? Skype may in fact be telling the truth when it tells journalists that it does not provide CALEA-style wiretap capabilities to governments. It may not need to. If governments can intercept and record the encrypted communications of users (via assistance provided by Internet Service Providers), and have the encryption keys used by both ends of the conversation -- or can impersonate Skype users and perform man in the middle attacks on their conversations, then they can decrypt the voice communications without any further assistance from Skype.So there's a risk there, and Soghoian notes that Skype's reticence to set the record straight on exactly how it handles encryption leaves open this possibility. That is it's entirely possible that there are ways that law enforcement can intercept Skype calls, while Skype can still talk about its encryption, leaving the false impression that the calls are immune from interception. Soghoian also notes that the talk about Skype handing over info (not call access) to law enforcement is not new and has been known for quite some time (and, honestly, doesn't appear all that different from lots of other similar setups).
So, to summarize:
- Skype did make some infrastructure changes recently, which did increase the number of self-hosted supernodes, but those changes likely were to increase the quality of the product, and had little to do with law enforcement/surveillance.
- Skype has always had a program to provide available information to law enforcement if legally required to do so, but appears not to have made any major change to that program in quite some time. That program does not appear to include the ability to listen to calls.
- Skype to phone (or phone to Skype) calls have always been tappable, because they touch the public telephone network, where they can be intercepted.
- Skype to Skype calls remain encrypted, making it more difficult to "tap" them. However, because of the way Skype likely handles encryption keys, this does not mean that governments can't intercept the calls (or impersonate certain parties via Skype).
- In the end, then, it appears that much of this discussion is a whole lot of fuss about nothing particularly new -- but it is worth noting that your Skype calls probably were never quite as secure as you thought they were, even if they're somewhat more secure than some other offerings with little or no encryption and a central server. But if you're looking for 100% secure communications, Skype isn't it -- but that's not because of any change. It's likely always been that way.
Filed Under: law enforcement, privacy, skype, wiretapping
Companies: microsoft, skype


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Fans pack chilly Camden Yards for playoff return
- The last time the Orioles hosted a home game in the playoffs was 1997
- Fans sat through a long rain delay for Game 1 to start
- Orioles fans have sat through 14 losing season
BALTIMORE (AP) — Orioles fans waited 15 years to see a playoff game at Camden Yards, so enduring a rain delay wasn't all that much of an imposition.
Even if it was snowing, nothing was going to dampen the enthusiasm of the crowd for the opening game of the AL division series between Baltimore and the New York Yankees on Sunday night.
"I want to see the Orioles beat the pants off the Yankees," said 57-year-old Carol Pounsberry, who was the first in line at Gate A, three hours before the scheduled 6:15 p.m. start.
A steady rain delayed the first pitch for nearly 2 1-2 hours. Those in attendance knew that no matter when the first pitch came, it would be worth the wait.
After 14 straight losing seasons, the Orioles pulled off a stunning reversal by winning 93 games to earn a wild-card berth. Then, after beating Texas 5-1 on Friday, Baltimore returned home to host the hated Yankees in Game 1 of the first-round series.
This is the time of year when the stadium is usually locked shut and the field is blanketed with a tarp. Instead, the fans flocked into the park while the Orioles took batting practice. The Major League Baseball logo with the word "POSTSEASON" was painted on the outside portion of the first- and third-base foul lines.
When the Orioles last played a playoff game at Camden Yards, Baltimore lost a seven-game AL championship series to Cleveland, 4-2. The series ended with Armando Benitez giving up the winning run in the 11th inning.
Jim Thome, now 42 and a designated hitter for Baltimore, was Cleveland's first baseman that day.
"I was here in '97 with my wife when Benitez lost the game and probably the World Series," said 58-year-old Rick Lynch, who was wearing an Orioles hat, a jersey and a coat.
Since that time, the Orioles headed home after the final regular-season game. Without fail. Until now.
Stephanie Brooks was 11 years old in 1997. She arrived Sunday with her fiance, Justin Sucuiletti, who was wearing a Derek Jeter jersey and a Yankees cap.
"My dad was an avid Orioles fan. He grew up in Maryland and he raised me to be an Orioles fan," she said. "I have never seen them in the playoffs, so this is really exciting for me."
Sucuiletti wasn't sure whether the couple could survive the week without an argument.
"It depends on who wins tonight or the next few games," he said. "Whoever advances to the ALCS."
Since 1997, the Yankees have participated in the playoffs every single year except for one. Brooks figured it was about time for the Orioles to show their superiority.
"I think it's really important because the Yankees win so much," she said. "It's really special for us to be here. I would love to have the opportunity to brag over him about it."
Orioles manager Buck Showalter could only hope his team would appreciate the moment, but not be affected by it.
"It's impossible to tell your players to take the emotion out of an at-bat or a pitch or a throw or whatever," he said. "That's why we've tried to do as much as we can, everything the same with some exceptions, with the schedule. We're trying to stay in routine."
Ah, but nothing about this was routine. On a wet, chilly Sunday in October, the Baltimore Ravens' home stadium across the street was empty and Camden Yards was buzzing.
"I'm glad they're back where they should be," Pounsberry said. "I have been waiting 15 years to see this."


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In addition to all the new things you'll learn in class from teachers and other students, there are numerous ways to explore the local area and culture, join in group activities, and have fun, all while practicing your English and sharing your culture with others. Most of our students simply enjoy living in the residence halls, making friends with American and other international students, and joining in various activities with them.
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The Maryville College campus is often described by students as being like a large park. You can take a virtual tour of our lovely campus here.
We provide housing on campus in one of our residence halls to all students for the duration of their stay. Most students live in residence halls on the Maryville College campus. The residence halls, cafeteria, and International House are all within short, one- to three-minute walks. You could walk across campus in about ten minutes. So, your life is quite easy and convenient. Find more information on residence life here.
Students who meet certain criteria may request to live off-campus. We do not make arrangements for off-campus housing but will provide suggestions to eligible students. Please see the application form for more information regarding exemptions. There is plenty of commuter parking and a commuter lounge in the student center. When eating on campus, all students have access to the full kitchen in the International House, and commuters can also buy food at campus cafeterias for less than $10 per meal.
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If you bring a computer, each dorm room has Internet access, and there is wireless Internet access campus-wide. You will also have access to computers (with Internet access) in our computer labs. You should plan to use either the Maryville College network system (your e-mail address would be firstname.lastname@example.com) or to set up a web-based e-mail account such as a Hotmail or Yahoo e-mail account, which you can use on any computer.
Because of the seasonal variation in the climate, it is important to bring clothing that will be suitable for you during your stay here. The Maryville area does have four distinct seasons, with three equal months of winter, spring, summer and fall weather. We suggest that you come equipped with some clothing for each season that you will experience here, but don't try to bring everything. You can find clothing here at very reasonable costs, so it's better to come here with a variety of clothing, then buy other items that you may need once you are here. There is no official dress code at Maryville College. Many men and women, even professors teaching classes, choose to wear jeans and casual shirts or tee shirts. You should bring at least one formal outfit for interviews and formal occasions.
If you plan on driving a car while in the U.S., you must have a state driver's license or certificate. You may legally drive in the U.S. with an International Driver's License for no more than ninety (90) days. You can receive more information on driving in Tennessee after your arrival.


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Military, Products, Services
By Staff Writer | January 1, 2010
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Rolls-Royce produces one of the broadest turboshaft and turboprop engine families available, with a power range of 300 shp to more than 7,000 shp.
This broad product range powers more than 100 different aircraft models including helicopters, light fixed-wing aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles in both civil and military markets. Rolls-Royce supports this installed fleet of 18,000 engines via a global logistics and support network tailored to the varying requirements of more than 4,500 different operators. The Rolls-Royce helicopter engine fleet has accumulated in excess of 200 million flight hours in virtually every conceivable mission type and operating environment.
Since 2007, the product portfolio has been enhanced and expanded through the launch of the RR300 turboshaft, the RR500 turboprop and the RR500 turboshaft. Additionally, new applications for the Model 250 and CTS800 announced in the past two years continue to broaden the OEM customer base for Rolls-Royce products.
Despite significant economic headwinds during 2009 which impacted many segments of the helicopter industry, Rolls-Royce achieved a number of notable milestones. Weakness in certain markets was offset by strength in others, highlighting the value of a business model characterized by a diverse portfolio of products, services and markets served. Rolls-Royce continues to focus on customer satisfaction and to pursue a consistent strategy of delivering long-term growth.
In February of this year, the new RR500 turboshaft was unveiled at Heli-Expo 2009. This new engine represents the latest addition to the growing RR family of powerplants. The RR500 turboshaft shares a high degree of commonality with the RR500 turboprop launched in 2008 at EAA Airventure, offering more power at takeoff and in hot-and-high conditions than existing engines in its class. The RR500 turboshaft, now in development for market introduction in 2012, will deliver a variety of operational benefits including enhanced durability and lower total cost of ownership and operation.
The RR500 core is a scaled version of the RR300 turboshaft engine, which was launched in 2006 for initial application on the Robinson R66. The RR300 is certified and in serial production. In July 2009, Rotorway International selected the RR300 to power its new civil certified Eagle 300T turbine twin-seat helicopter. As part of this agreement, RR300 engines will be delivered to RotorWay International through 2017.
The CTS800 engine, designed, manufactured and supported by LHTEC (a partnership between Rolls-Royce and Honeywell) continues to achieve or exceed objectives and gain market share in the light to medium military helicopter segment. The CTS800 team was especially busy in 2009 supporting multiple development programs. Among the achievements of the past year were successful first flights of four different CTS800-powered platforms—the AgustaWestland Lynx AH Mk.9A, the AgustaWestland AW159 Wildcat, the AgustaWestland T129 and the first forward flight of the Sikorsky X2 high-speed technology demonstrator.
The RTM322 engine, produced in partnership with Turbomeca, has now logged more than 450,000 flight hours powering the AW101, NH90 and the UK Army Corps' fleet of AgustaWestland WAH-64 Apache helicopters. In addition to proving itself during combat operations in Afghanistan, the growing fleet of RTM322 engines is delivering to the exacting requirements of government customers worldwide.
The Model 250 engine family continues to achieve new milestones, with more than 30,000 engines delivered to date. In addition to powering a range of helicopter and fixed-wing applications, the Model 250 is also a lightweight powerplant for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). In October 2009, the Northrop Grumman MQ-8B Fire Scout UAV, powered by the Model 250, embarked on initial operational deployment with the U.S. Navy aboard the USS McInerney. In November, BAE Systems successfully conducted the first flight trials of its Model 250 turboprop powered Mantis UAV under a technology demonstration effort jointly funded by the UK Ministry of Defence.
In conclusion, despite the economic challenges of 2009, the underlying vitality of the rotorcraft industry remains. The Rolls-Royce helicopter engine team remains fully committed to meeting the diverse needs of the marketplace with high-value products and services, and looks to the future in anticipation of exciting times to come.
Rolls-Royce Corporation Matt Haugk Director, Marketing & Strategy Phone: 1-317-230-3883 Fax: 1-317-230-2803 Web: www.rolls-royce.com


text: The IFL deadline for submissions has been moved to the end of August. We already have a great program scheduled (to be posted shortly), and hope to get a few more interesting late additions because of this extension. CALL FOR PAPERS 23rd Symposium on Implementation and Application of Functional Languages (IFL 2011) October 3-5, 2011 University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas, USA http://www.ittc.ku.edu/ifl2011 The Symposium returns to the US this year, hosted by the University of Kansas, in scenic Lawrence, Kansas. Lawrence is a lively college town less than an hour from Kansas City and the Kansas City International Airport (MCI). The symposium dates are October 3-5, 2011. The goal of the IFL symposia is to bring together researchers actively engaged in the implementation and application of functional and function-based programming languages. IFL 2011 will be a venue for researchers to present and discuss new ideas and concepts, work in progress, and publication-ripe results related to the implementation and application of functional languages and function-based programming. Following the IFL tradition, IFL 2011 will use a post-symposium review process to produce formal proceedings which will be published by Springer Verlag in the Lecture Notes in Computer Science series. All participants in IFL 2011 are invited to submit either a draft paper or an extended abstract describing work to be presented at the symposium. At no time may work submitted to IFL be simultaneously submitted to other venues. Here we follow the ACM Sigplan republication policy: http://www.sigplan.org/republicationpolicy.htm. The submissions will be screened by the program committee chair to make sure they are within the scope of IFL, and will appear in the draft proceedings distributed at the symposium. Submissions appearing in the draft proceedings are not peer-reviewed publications. After the symposium, authors will be given the opportunity to incorporate the feedback from discussions at the symposium and will be invited to submit a revised full article for the formal review process. These revised submissions will be reviewed by the program committee using prevailing academic standards to select the best articles, which will appear in the formal proceedings. INVITED SPEAKER Bryan O'Sullivan, author of Real World Haskell, and co-founder of MailRank, Inc. TOPICS IFL welcomes submissions describing practical and theoretical work as well as submissions describing applications and tools. If you are not sure that your work is appropriate for IFL 2011, please contact the PC chair at andygill@REDACTED Topics of interest include, but are not limited to: language concepts type checking contracts compilation techniques staged compilation runtime function specialization runtime code generation partial evaluation (abstract) interpretation generic programming techniques automatic program generation array processing concurrent/parallel programming concurrent/parallel program execution functional programming and embedded systems functional programming and web applications functional programming and security novel memory management techniques runtime profiling and performance measurements debugging and tracing virtual/abstract machine architectures validation and verification of functional programs tools and programming techniques industrial applications of functional programming PAPER SUBMISSIONS Prospective authors are encouraged to submit papers or extended abstracts to be published in the draft proceedings and to present them at the symposium. All contributions must be written in English, conform to the Springer-Verlag LNCS series format and not exceed 16 pages. The draft proceedings will appear as a technical report of the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science of the University of Kansas. (We are more liberal with the draft proceedings, also accepting (for example) longer papers or SIGPLAN 2 column 12 page papers. For other formats contact the chair. For the consideration for the final proceedings, the 16 page LNCS format is required.) PETER LANDIN PRIZE The Peter Landin Prize is awarded to the best paper presented at the symposium every year. The honored article is selected by the program committee based on the submissions received for the formal review process. The prize carries a cash award equivalent to 150 Euros. IMPORTANT DATES Presentation submission deadline: (new) August 31st, 2011 Notification of acceptance: (new) Within 24 hours of submission Early registration deadline: (new) September 16th, 2011 IFL 2011 Symposium: October 3-5, 2011 Submission for (post) review process: November 30th, 2011 Notification Accept/Reject: January 30th, 2012 Camera ready version: March 9th, 2012 PROGRAM COMMITTEE Torben Amtoft, Kansas State University Francesco Cesarini, Erlang Solutions Ltd Olaf Chitil, University of Kent Eelco Dolstra, Delft University of Technology Martin Erwig, Oregon State University Andy Gill, University of Kansas (Chair) Alwyn Goodloe, NASA Jurriaan Hage, Utrecht University Kevin Hammond, University of St. Andrews Bill Harrison, University of Missouri Ralf Hinze, Oxford University James Hook, Portland State University Garrin Kimmell, University of Iowa Andres Loh, Well-Typed LLP Rita Loogen, Philipps-University Marburg Neil Mitchell, Standard Chartered Rex Page, Oklahoma University Rinus Plasmeijer, Radboud University Nijmegen Sven-Bodo Scholz, University of Hertfordshire Mary Sheeran, Chalmers Satnam Singh, Microsoft Research Walid Taha, Halmstad University Simon Thompson, University of Kent Geoffrey Washburn, LogicBlox ---- Andy Gill,<andygill@REDACTED> Assistant Professor The University of Kansas, EECS Department Information and Telecommunication Technology Center http://www.ittc.ku.edu/csdl/fpg/Users/AndyGill


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Then we were off in the other direction, to Corniglia.
Another great hike followed by dinner, where we met the only Italian who doesn't like babies. He was our waiter. That's really all I have to say about that.
After dinner we swirled through the town's basil festival then raced to the train station in time to catch the last local. Then we were the Americans running up and down the stairs, darting back and forth between the platforms asking fellow travelers advice in Italian, asking in English. We finally settled on a track, the correct track, and made our way back easily after all.
Every day was sun-soaked. We walked, Phoebe rode and sometimes slept.
When we arrived in Manarola we bought two colorful prints (awaiting frames in Rome) from a lovely art store. Then it was gelato time.
Phoebe had just started walking that week and was a hilarious site to see, teetering through the villages, ice cream dripping from her happy little chin.
Finally we strode the easy 20-minute path to scenic Riomaggiore where frozen lemonades were quickly devoured along the boardwalk.
When we'd visited all five villages, we spent time at the Vernazza beach. Phoebe loves the water, waves and sand. And who can blame her? It was a great trip.


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Young wench bonks in a car out of feeling exhausted0
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Stacey Dash Speaks On Voting For Romney & Twitter
"Actress Stacey Dash talks about Romney and the recent Twitter backlash" - CNN
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