text:
|Coke, Pepsi, Kraft, McDonald's, Wendy's, Intuit, Reed-Elsevier, and others have dropped their membership in the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC).
Click here to tell other firms bankrolling ALEC to do the same.
S. Fred Singer
From SourceWatch
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Siegfried Frederick Singer (S. Fred Singer), a former space scientist and government scientific administrator, runs the Science and Environmental Policy Project (SEPP)[1], which publicizes his own views on various topics, primarily climate change, ozone depletion, risks of chemical pollution (from DDT and others), nuclear power, and space policy.
Singer was born September 27, 1924, in Vienna, Austria. Singer received a B.E.E. from Ohio State University in 1943 and a Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1948.[2]
In the early 1990s, Singer's then wife, Candace Carolyn Crandall, was Executive Vice President of SEPP and is currently a Research Associate of SEPP.[3]
The Competitive Enterprise Institute listed Singer as "expert" on their website until September 2007.[4] He is now listed on their website as someone who can be booked as a speaker.[5]
- 1989- Director and President, Science and Environmental Policy Project, a foundation-funded, independent research group, incorporated in 1992, to advance environment and health policies through sound science. SEPP is a non-profit, education organization.
- 1993- Member of the board of the International Center for a Scientific Ecology.
- 1994- Distinguished Research Professor, Institute for Humane Studies at George Mason University, Fairfax, VA.
- 2002 Advisory Board Member, American Council on Science and Health
- Editorial Advisory Board, The Cato Institute
- Adjunct Scholar, National Center for Policy Analysis
- Adjunct Fellow, Frontiers of Freedom
- 2006- Member of the Science Advisory Committee for the Natural Resources Stewardship Project.
- Heartland Institute Global Warming Expert [6]
It should be noted that, according to the Environmental Defense Fund, October 26, 2006[7]
- The Cato Institute received $55,000 from ExxonMobil in 2002-2003.
- The National Center for Policy Analysis received $105,000 from ExxonMobil in 2002-2003.
- The Frontiers of Freedom organizations received $282,000 from ExxonMobil in 2002-2003.
- The American Council on Science and Health received $35,000 from ExxonMobil in 2002-2003. [8]
Climate Change "Expert"
In the early 1990s, while officially "on leave" from the University of Virginia, Singer set up the Washington Institute for Values in Public Policy with the help of the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution and with funding support from the Unification Church (also known as "Moonies," followers of the Rev. Sun Myung Moon, founder of the Unification Church).
This organisation worked closely with Elizabeth Whelan and Frederick Stare's American Council on Science and Health in countering climate activism as it related to the chemical industry.[9] Later Singer's organisation changed into the Science and Environmental Policy Project with funding from the coal and oil industries and some support from PR firm APCO & Associates.
SEPP, in turn, sloughed off a European branch named International Center for a Scientific Ecology (ICSE), in Paris, which was run by science journalist and SEPP associate Michel Salomon [10] Along with Steve Milloy at The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition (TASSC) and Roger Bate at the European Science and Environment Forum (ESEF) (a sort of European version of TASSC) these organisations all pushed the climate-denier and "junk science" lines on behalf of large corporate interest groups.
Salomon was a member of the Board of Science Advisors of SEPP [11] and with Singer, he organised the Heidelberg conference which resulted in the infamous Heidelberg Appeal document. The legitimate scientists who signed this appeal intended it to be a request for governments to heed the opinion of scientists before engaging in the wholesale removal of asbestos fibers from schools and other buildings, since in many cases it was safer to leave it in situ with resin bonding. However it was drafted by Salomon and Singer in very general terms.
In these general terms, it appeared to be an attack on climate activism. It was later used in a conference of climate-deniers at the George Mason University in Washington, D.C. to promote U.S. support. The ICSE, SEPP, TASSC and ESEF also promoted the Heidelberg Appeal at the 1992 Rio Earth Summit as evidence of worldwide scientific opposition to the conference's consensus decision that governments needed to take urgent action on climate change.[12]
The Heidelberg Appeal document was funded, circulated and promoted by the asbestos industry and the tobacco industry, but the ICSE organisation was also supported by the vinyl and chemical industries.[13]
The National Center for Public Policy Research lists Singer as someone that journalists can interview on climate change policy.[14]
Professor Ian Enting records a contradiction in Singer's stance: "Singer's book (with John Avery), Unstoppable Global Warming Every 1500 Years proposes a natural 1500 year cycle for global temperature. I find this unconvincing, with no evidence provided for the claim that Imperial Roman times were as cold as the Little Ice Age 1500 years later. I am also puzzled as to how a man who claims we are in a natural warming cycle until about 2300 could be part of the Heartland Institute group. which convinced Senator Steve Fielding that the Earth is cooling."[15]
In 2012, Singer began to criticize certain specific categories of deniers of anthropogenic global warming (AGW), writing that they were "giving us skeptics a bad name". In particular, Singer strongly criticized those who have claimed that (a) the greenhouse effect violates the Second Law of Thermodynamics, (b) that rising carbon dioxide levels do not cause temperatures to rise, (c) that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is too small to have an effect, (d) that natural variations in carbon dioxide dwarf human contributions, and (e) that the observed rise in carbon dioxide is due to volcanic eruptions.[16] Singer continues to question whether AGW has actually occurred, but he has apparently lost patience with many AGW deniers.
Tobacco Industry Contractor
In 1993, Singer collaborated with Tom Hockaday of Apco Associates to draft an article on "junk science" intended for publication. Apco Associates was the PR firm hired to organize and direct The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition for Philip Morris. Hockaday reported on his work with Singer to Ellen Merlo, Senior Vice President of Corporate Affairs at Philip Morris.[17]
In 1994, Singer was Chief Reviewer of the report Science, economics, and environmental policy: a critical examination published by the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution (AdTI). This was all part of an attack on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency funded by the Tobacco Institute over a risk assessment on environmental tobacco smoke. [18] At that time, Mr. Singer was a Senior Fellow with AdTI.[19]
"The report's principal reviewer, Dr. Fred Singer, was involved with the International Center for a Scientific Ecology, a group that was considered important in Philip Morris' plans to create a group in Europe similar to The Advancement for Sound Science Coalition (TASSC), as discussed by Ong and Glantz. He was also on a tobacco industry list of people who could write op-ed pieces on "junk science," defending the industry's views.39" [20]
In 1995, as President of the Science and Environmental Policy Project (a think tank based in Fairfax, Virginia) S. Fred Singer was involved in launching a publicity campaign about "The Top Five Environmental Myths of 1995," a list that included the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's conclusion that secondhand tobacco smoke is a human carcinogen. Shandwick, a public relations agency working for British American Tobacco, pitched the "Top Five Myths" list idea to Singer to minimize the appearance of tobacco industry involvement in orchestrating criticism of the EPA. The "Top Five Environmental Myths" list packaged EPA's secondhand smoke ruling with other topics like global warming and radon gas, to help minimize the appearance of tobacco industry involvement in the effort. According to a 1996 BAT memo describing the arrangement, Singer agreed to an "aggressive media interview schedule" organized by Shandwick to help publicize his criticism of EPA's conclusions.[21]
Oil Industry Contractor
In a September 24, 1993, sworn affidavit, Dr. Singer stated that he had two meetings with Robert Balling in Pheonix for which his expenses were re-imbursed. Singer believed the the funding, which he received from Balling, originated from the Western Fuels Association.[22] Singer also admitted to working as a consultant on approximately half a dozen occasions for the Global Climate Coalition and that payments to him came either from the firm of John Shlaes, the coalition's director or the PR firm, E. Bruce Harrison, which worked for the coalition.[23] He also stated that he had undertaken consulting work on "perhaps a dozen or so" energy companies. This included work on behalf of oil companies, such as Exxon, Texaco, Arco, Shell, Sun, Unocal, the Electric Power Research Institute, Florida Power and the American Gas Association.[24]
In February 2001, Ronald Collins from the Center for Science in the Public Interest chided a Washington Post for citing Singer but not disclosing his consulting work. "Although The Post's readers were told of some of Mr. Singer's more impressive credentials, they were not informed that he has served as a consultant to Exxon, Shell, Unocal, Sun Oil, ARCO, Ford and GM. All of those companies, of course, have vested interests in fighting off reductions of carbon dioxide emissions. At a time when industry is buying greater influence in the scientific community, it is essential for the press to provide full disclosure," Collins wrote.[25]
However, on February 12, 2001, Singer wrote a letter to The Washington Post in which he denied receiving any oil company money in the previous 20 years when he had consulted for the oil industry. " As for full disclosure: My resume clearly states that I consulted for several oil companies on the subject of oil pricing, some 20 years ago, after publishing a monograph on the subject. My connection to oil during the past decade is as a Wesson Fellow at the Hoover Institution; the Wesson money derives from salad oil."[26]
Singer Profiled in Rolling Stone Magazine
In the January 2010 edition of Rolling Stone Magazine, journalist Tim Dickinson profiled the top 17 United States "polluters and deniers who are derailing efforts to curb global warming". Below is an excerpt from the article titled "Climate Killers" about Fred Singer.[27]
- A former mouthpiece for the tobacco industry, the 85-year-old Singer is the granddaddy of fake "science" designed to debunk global warming. The retired physicist — who also tried to downplay the danger of the hole in the ozone layer — is still wheeled out as an authority by big polluters determined to kill climate legislation. For years, Singer steadfastly denied that the world is heating up: Citing satellite data that has since been discredited, he even made the unhinged claim that "the climate has been cooling just slightly." Last year, Singer served as a lead author of "Climate Change Reconsidered" — an 880-page report by the right-wing Heartland Institute that was laughably presented as a counterweight to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the world's scientific authority on global warming. Singer concludes that the unchecked growth of climate-cooking pollution is "unequivocally good news." Why? Because "rising CO2 levels increase plant growth and make plants more resistant to drought and pests." Small wonder that Heartland's climate work has long been funded by the likes of Exxon and reactionary energy barons like Charles Koch and Richard Mellon Scaife.[27]
Articles and Resources
Related SourceWatch articles
- AdTI-Funding
- climate change sceptics
- Science, economics, and environmental policy: a critical examination
- ↑ Science & Environmental Policy Project Web site, About the Project, accessed April 8, 2009
- ↑ Bill Steigerwald, Pittsburgh Tribune-ReviewUnstoppable skeptic, October 20, 2007
- ↑ untitled, Philip Morris, March 1991. Bates No. 2025528294/8299
- ↑ "S. Fred Singer", Competitive Enterprise Institute, archived from September 27, 2007.
- ↑ "S. Fred Singer", Competitive Enterprise Institute, accessed April 2009.
- ↑ "[1]"
- ↑ "Global Warming Skeptics: A Primer: Guess who's funding the global warming doubt shops?", Environmental Defense Fund website, December 19, 2006.
- ↑ Environmental Defense Fund Web site [http://www.edf.org/article.cfm?ContentID=4870 Global Warming Skeptics: A Primer Guess who's funding the global warming doubt shops?] Posted on December 19, 2006; updated on August 28, 2007. Accessed April 8, 2009
- ↑ B. Cohen, T.A. Deweese, E.A. McCusker, American Policy Center EPA Watch - Volume 1 Number 1 - White House, Congress clash over indoor air legislation Newsletter, February 21, 1992. Philip Morris Bates No.2046323544/3547
- ↑ N. Salomon, International Center for a Scientific Ecology Seminar of 930510 on the Linear Relationship Letter. March 31, 1993. 3 pp. Bates No. 2028443741/3743
- ↑ SEPP Web site SEPP Board of Directors, accessed April 8, 2009
- ↑ N. Salomon, Projections From Heidelberg to Rio Itinerary of an approach Publication. 1992. Bates No. 2025477480/7483
- ↑ Gerard Wirz, Philip Morris The Heidelberg Appeal Memorandum. March 23, 1993. Bates No. 2025498346
- ↑ Web site of the National Center for Public Policy Research, page titled Kyoto Interview Locator
- ↑ "[2]"
- ↑ [3]
- ↑ Hockaday, T. Opinion Editorials on Indoor Air Quality and Junk Science Memorandum, March 8, 1993. Philip Morris Bates No. 2021178205
- ↑ Derek Yach, Stella Aguinaga Bialous, American Journal of Public Health Junking Science to Promote Tobacco November 2001, Vol 91, No. 11 pp.1745-1748
- ↑ P. Gerin, J. Mica, House of Congress Briefing on Sound Science and Environmental Policy Letter. 1 pp. 2nd to last paragraph), August 2, 1994. Philip Morris Bates No.2040165575
- ↑ Derek Yach, World Health Organization, Stella A. Bialous, University of California San Francisco Junking Science to Promote Tobacco American Journal of Public Health, November 2001, Vol 91, No. 11, Tobacco, Lawyers and Public Health, pp. 1745-1748
- ↑ Joe S. Helewicz Note from JS Helewicz regarding Congressional Research Service Memorandum. January 12, 1996. British American Tobacco Bates No. 700588382
- ↑ "In the Matter of S. Fred Singer vs Justin Lancaster", September 24, 2003, page 57.
- ↑ "In the Matter of S. Fred Singer vs Justin Lancaster", September 24, 2003, page 58.
- ↑ "In the Matter of S. Fred Singer vs Justin Lancaster", September 24, 2003, page 59.
- ↑ Ronald Collins, "Full Disclosure on Global Warming", Letter to the Editor, Washington Post, February 6, 2001.
- ↑ S. Fred Singer, "My Salad Days", Letter to the Editor, Washington Post, February 12, 2001, page A20.
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 "The Climate Killers" Tim Dickinson, Rolling Stone Magazine, January 2010.
External articles
- Wikipedia article.
- "S. Fred Singer, Ph.D., Professional Background," Science and Environmental Policy Project.
- "Distinguished Alumnus Awards," Ohio State University.
Published Works by S. Fred Singer
- "Physics of the Moon" (AAS/AAAS Symposium), December 29, 1966, Washington, D. C., Univelt, Incorporated, 1967, 260pp, ISBN 0877030413.
- "Voyage to the Planets, 5th Goddard Memorial Symposium, Mar. 14-15, 1967, Washington, D. C (Science & Technology Ser)", Univelt, December 1, 1968, ISBN 0877030448
- "Global Effects of Environmental Pollution," Proceedings of AAAS Symposium, Dallas, TX, 1968, Reidel, June 1970, ISBN 9027701512.
- "Manned Laboratories in Space," Reidel, July 1969, ISBN 9027701407.
- "Is There an Optimum Level of Population?" (from 1969 AAAS Symposium of same title), A Population Council Book, McGraw-Hill, 1971, ISBN 0070574715.
- "The Changing Global Environment," Reidel, March 1, 1975, ISBN 9027704023.
- With Yair Mundlak, "Arid zone development, potentialities and problems: the proceedings of a symposium", Ballinger, 1977, ISBN 0884100502
- "Economic Effects of Demographic Changes", Joint Economic Committee, U.S. Congress, 1977.
- "Cost-Benefit Analysis in Environmental Decisionmaking", MITRE Corporation, 1979.
- Singer et al., "Energy, Readings from Scientific American," W.H. Freeman, 1979, ISBN 071671082X.
- "The Price of World Oil", Annual Reviews of Energy, Vol. 8, pp.451-508, 1983, doi:10.1146/annurev.eg.08.110183.002315.
- "Free Market Energy: The Way to Benefit Consumers," Universe Books, May 1984, ISBN 0876634439.
- "Oil Policy in a Changing Market", Annual Reviews of Energy, Vol. 12, 1987.
- "Global Climate Change: Human and Natural Influences," International Conference on the Unity of the Sciences (ICUS), distributed by Paragon House, June 1989, ISBN 0892260718.
- "The Ocean in Human Affairs," ICUS/Paragon House, March 1990, ISBN 0892260378.
- "The Universe and Its Origin: From Ancient Myths to Present Reality and Future Fantasy," ICUS/Paragon House, May 1, 1990, ISBN 0892260491.
- "The Greenhouse Debate Continued: An Analysis and Critique of the IPCC Climate Assessment," ICS Press, 1992, ISBN 1558152334.
- "Whither Environmental Regulation?" Alexis de Tocqueville Institution, July 31, 1995?
- "Evolving Global Environment," Paragon House, May 1993, ISBN 0892260467.
- With W. Thüne, F. Seitz, Helmut Metzner, Treibhaus-Kontroverse und Ozon-Problem: Symposium der Europäischen Akademie für Umweltfragen Leipzig 9.-10. November 1995, Böttiger, 1996, ISBN 3925725296. Title translation: The Greenhouse Controversy and the Ozone Problem: Symposium of the European Academy for Environmental Affairs, Leipzig Nov.9-10, 1995.
- "The Scientific Case Against the Global Climate Treaty", SEPP, 1997.
- With Frederick Seitz, "Hot Talk, Cold Science: Global Warming's Unfinished Debate," The Independent Institute, December 1, 1998, ISBN 094599978X.
- "Climate Policy--From Rio to Kyoto: A Political Issue for 2000--And Beyond (Essays in Public Policy, No. 102)," Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, July 1, 2000, ISBN 0817943722.
- "EPA Bias on Global Warming," SEPP, July 29, 2003.
- "McLieberman Bill Unsupported By Science: Voted Down by Senate," Letter to Wall Street Journal (SEPP), October 31, 2003.
- "Old Security Myths," Washington Times (SEPP), November 28, 2003.
- "Oil Security Concerns Need to be Addressed Realistically," SEPP, June 21, 2004.
- "The Kyoto Protocol: A Post-Mortem," The New Atlantis, Number 4, Winter 2004, pp. 66-73 (SEPP).
- "Global Warming and US Politics," Remarks by S. Fred Singer at the Emerging Issues Forum of the Heartland Institute, Chicago, September 23, 2004.
- "Bush-Bashing over Kyoto," Letter to Financial Times submitted December 10, 2004.
- "Kyoto Protocol Danger to the White House," SEPP, February 19, 2005.
- "Some Straight Thinking About G-8 and Climate Change," SEPP, July 5, 2005.
- "Energy Imbalance and Ocean Heat Storage: No Proof of AGW," SEPP, August 5, 2005.
- With D.H. Douglas, "Climate Data Disagree with Climate Models: Policy Dilemma: Should We Believe in Atmosphere or in Models?", AGU meeting December 5-9, 2005 (SEPP).
- "Comments on NAS Committee Hearings on Hockeystick," University of Virginia (SEPP), March 2-3, 2006.
- "A Critique of IPCC-FAR (4th Assessment Report 2007)" (based on the April 2006 draft of the Summary for Policymakers"), SEPP, June 10, 2006.
- "A comparison of tropical temperature trends with model predictions" with David H. Douglass, John R. Christy, Benjamin D. Pearson. 11 October 2007.
- S. Fred Singer, "No Evidence for AGW: A Personal Odyssey", Presentation to the Heartland Institute's International Conference on Climate Change (2009), March 10, 2009. (Play Video) (Download Video) (PowerPoint)
Articles & Commentary
- Kent Jeffreys, "Science, Economics, and Environmental Policy: a Critical Examination," Alexis de Tocqueville Institution, August 11, 1994.
- "ExxonMobil Emerges as Major Funder of 'GREENHOUSE SKEPTICS'," Kwikpower International, 2001(?).
- "Prominent Skeptics Organizations," Union of Concerned Scientists, May 1, 2003.
- Derek Yach and Stella Aguinaga Bialous, "Tobacco, Lawyers, and Public Health," American Journal of Public Health, November 2001.
- Stephen Goode, "Picture Profile, Singer Cool on Global Warming," Insight on the News, April 21, 2004.
- Tim Lambert, "Singer and Michaels pronounce global warming dead," Deltoid (ScienceBlogs.com), August 17, 2004.
- "Global Warming Skeptics: A Primer. Guess Who's Funding the Global Warming Doubt Shops?" Environmental Defense, October 25, 2005.
- Louise Gray, "Fred Singer to speak at climate change sceptics conference: Climate change sceptics are fighting back in the run up to the UN climate change summit in Copenhagen with a series of talks and conferences", Telegraph.co.ok, November 18, 2009.
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text:
Apple created a website to sell the iPhone and take on the Samsung Galaxy S4 and the Android platform.
The Cupertino, Calif. also emailed similar information to its customers, according to 9to5Mac. The website states, "There's iPhone. And then there's everything else." It also continues to promote the iPhone and its abilities. From the site:
Apparently love can be measured. In eight straight studies by J.D. Power and Associates — that's every study since the first iPhone was introduced — iPhone has been ranked '"Highest in Customer Satisfaction with Consumer Smartphones."
U.S. & World
News from around the country and around the globe
Apple touts its Retina display and pixel density, calling it "the best display of any smartphone," and its battery life. It also mentions Siri, iCloud, the App Store with 800,000 apps and a seeming lack of malware.
If it sounds familiar, it's because it's not that different from what Apple marketing chief Phil Schiller said on the eve of the Galaxy S4 launch. Not only did Schiller say that Android was a "free replacement" for feature phones but that it also wasn't as good as an iPhone.
So is Apple this troubled by Samsung's Galaxy S4? Apparently so. Perhaps this means that Samsung has a product that will truly challenge the iPhone and possibly pilfer some of its customers. Already Android's marketshare has grown to 70 percent of global smartphone shipments.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
New Canaan girls hold off Staples in low-scoring affair
Recommended Video:
NEW CANAAN -- Staples High girls basketball coach Ed Huydic has been waiting all season for his team to make its run on offense.
The Wreckers, however, seem to be stuck in neutral.
Unable to find any rhythm Friday, the Wreckers were held to just eight field goals and suffered a 26-23 loss to New Canaan.
"We kept looking for one spark, one spark," Huydic said, "and never got it."
New Canaan (6-7) had its own struggles on offense, hitting only 10 shots, but fended off its equally cold-shooting opponent. The Rams led 23-18 after three quarters and scored only three points in the fourth.
Rams senior forward Kelly Armstrong led all scorers with 10 points.
"Usually defense brings the offense, but this time it just didn't really happen," Armstrong said. "The shots weren't really dropping, we couldn't get open."
Staples had an opportunity to tie trailing 25-23 with 30 seconds left, as guard Allison April stole an inbounds pass. But on the Wreckers' ensuing offensive possession, Nikki Bukovksy's shot rimmed out with 12 seconds left.
After forward Colette Pellegrini connected on the front end of a 1-and-1 at the charity stripe, putting New Canaan up three with eight seconds left, she missed the second free throw. Armstrong, however, snagged the offensive rebound.
"Offensively it was a struggle for both teams tonight, but the girls fought hard," said New Canaan coach Kim Palmer, whose team snapped a three-game losing streak.
With the Rams playing a man defense throughout the evening, Staples got plenty of clean looks at the basket, but failed to find consistent scoring. The Wreckers were held to just 13 points in the second half on four field goals.
Bukovsky and forward Madeline Schemel scored eight points apiece to lead Staples (4-8), which lost for the seventh time in eight games.
"You can't make eight field goals in girls basketball and have 51 shots," Huydic said. "I'd have to say, out of those 51, maybe two or three were actually forced."
New Canaan took its largest lead of the game, 18-12, midway through the third quarter, but Staples responded with a 6-0 spurt to tie it. Following a pair of free throws by Bukovsky to make it 18-18, the Rams went on a 5-0 run to close the quarter. Senior guard Brianna McEwan hit a 3-pointer to make it 21-18, and Armstrong followed with a layup off an offensive rebound.
For a team that struggled all evening to muster together offense, the five-point deficit loomed large for Staples.
"Those were huge points," Huydic said. "Very big points as the game turns out. That's the way the game goes. Unfortunately this crew has not been blessed with self-manufactured breaks that work."
Staples was held scoreless for the first 6:13, notching its first points on a bucket by Schemel to cut New Canaan's lead to 3-2. The Rams led 6-5 after one quarter.
email@example.com; 203-255-4561 ext. 114; twitter.com/DougBonjour
Margaret Fair 0 0-0 0 Allison April 1 1-2 3 Fallon Battone 0 0-0 0 Abigail Lustig 1 1-2 3 Dayna Gelman 0 0-0 0 Madeline Schemel 4 0-2 8 Nicole Bukovsky 2 4-6 8 Sophie deBruijn 0 0-0 0 Erica Stein 0 1-2 1. Totals 8 7-14 23.
Marina Braccio 0 0-0 0 Elizabeth Miller 1 0-0 3 Colette Pellegrini 0 1-2 1 Lindsay Seelert 0 0-0 0 Brianna McEwan 2 0-0 6 Courtney Rogers 1 0-0 3 Page Jones 0 0-0 0 Georgia Hunsinger 1 1-2 3 Ali Reilly 0 0-0 0 Kelly Armstrong 5 0-1 10 Devin Selvala 0 0-0 0 Meghan Selvaggi 0 0-0 0. Totals 10 2-5 26.
3-pointers: NC --McEwan 2, Miller, Rogers.


text:
If you've tried this recipe please rate it!
Traditional Greek food as cooked by Greek mothers!! Delicious and easy recipes!!
Greek Ek Mek Sweet
If you've tried this recipe please rate it!
5 comments:
- Unknown said...
Well, it LOOKS heavenly. However, "kataifi phyllo", "mastic" and "corn flour" (vanilla or otherwise) ... I don't think I'd ever find anything like that around here. :)
What's a mastic?
- 17 May 2011 at 12:31
- symposio said...
Yes, Canadian Doomer, It's really delicious - especially served with ice cream!
Mastic is produced from the resin from the mastic tree. I've actually written a post about it here - http://realgreekrecipes.blogspot.com/2010/09/greek-mastic.html
Mastic is exported, but you can also get it on the internet - see the link at the bottom of the post. Kataifi phyllo is also exported, but you can also get it on the internet - see the other link at the bottom of the post.
You should be able to get corn flour. If you can't find vanilla corn flour, then just use plain and use a capsule of vanilla, as mentioned in the recipes.
Good luck!
- 19 May 2011 at 23:51
- tea with hazel said...
i want to make this recipe but there appears to be an error in the amount of corn flour and there is no milk listed in the ingredients..thanks..jane
- 30 June 2013 at 18:11
- symposio said...
Thanks @tea with hazel! There was indeed an error with the corn flour - it should read 250g and we've now corrected it.
However, the milk is listed in the ingredients - perhaps you missed it.
Many thanks, once again, and good luck!
- 1 July 2013 at 02:45
- tea with hazel said...
thanks so much for corn flour correction..
- 1 July 2013 at 15:38


text:
May 8, 2013
I walk through the white corridors of the shopping mall, feeling all alone as I push my way through the hordes of mindless consumer zombies. Fourteen year old girls dressed like adult porn-stars, I sigh, but my eyes linger. Gross.
I continue walking, their faces fade and I glide past the stains of human-kind. I catch a glimpse of someone. That guy again. I see his fat face and neck beard and he stares, smiling creepily at me as he walks past, every time I see this guy he says hi. I have no idea who the fuck he is. Maybe I went to College with him?
Memories flood back of college, every morning I would awake to the fart alarm, right on time, 7:30 every morning my roommate would fart. She was so thin, so small, I could never believe how she could produce such noises.
I awaken from my flash back and find myself still moving. The neck beard out of sight. I continue my way through the labyrinth of shops. Am I searching for something? Or am I just hoping something will find me.
I see an adult man drift by. Perhaps he is me in the future. Perhaps I never leave this place, perhaps time is distorted and everyone is just an alternate version of me?
I buy a coffee and take a seat.
I take a sip. And then another. God I'm good.
I'm the King. I'm the best.
I finish my coffee. What had I been thinking? My own thought process forgotten to me. I frown, and glance over at the nearby table. A young fat girl stares at me while she eats her chips. I have to move. Her piercing gaze upon me feels like an actual force, pressing against me. I stand up and turn to go the opposite way. I see a beautiful girl standing before me, she smiles. I turn and hurry in a completely different direction.
I have.. uh… well, a problem. I make my own life miserable.
I always fall in love with girls who don't even know I'm alive. Girls I have no hope with. And it makes my life hell.
I pine over them. Think about them night and day. My mouth feels dry and my stomach queezy when near them. But they'll never know. I'll never tell them.
I soon wander into a DVD store. I look at mindless cliche and mind-numbingly dumb entertainment marketed to the grazing masses, the sheep in human clothes.
I find myself staring at a movie. Volcano with Tommy Lee Jones. I've never seen it, but I stare at the DVD. I love the word Volcano. It is easily the best word in the entire English language.
Because the first thing that happens when you hear it is you picture a Volcano. A big black mountain lava pouring out the top, black smoke rising from it. Instant visualization. It's a word that actually is an object. See-able, hear-able, touch-able, smell-able. Secondly it's not pretentious. It's not some big long fancy word pretending to be sophisticated. It is what it is. Finally the structure of the word. Volcano, I mean, there's nothing else that sounds or looks like it.
You're not going to get it confused and say another word that sounds similar, you're not going to forget what it's called, and you're not going to use any other name to say what it is. It is simply 'Volcano' and I think it's brilliant.
I wander around the store and some girls my age walk by.
I smile to myself. Could destiny be calling? I glance over and see them looking at awful films and even worse shows. I hear them talk about them as if they're masterpieces. I shed a tear and leave the store continuing my vagrancy around the mall.
Not knowing how long it will take, I hum a tune to myself and slip into the realm of my imagination.
Erotic Vampire Fan-Fiction
September 26, 2012
There was a shuffling sound, her eyes opened and she looked around the dark room. She couldn't see him, but there was a coolness in the air, she could sense him staring at her. She reached over and tapped her lamp flooding the room with light and sure enough, there he was, in the corner, head bent, eyes staring intensely at her. If she hadn't known he was a Vampire it would have been a shocking sight to see a young man standing in the corner of your room in the middle of the night, hunched over, fangs exposed, almost looking like someone with down syndrome.
"You came." She said, feigning surprise.
"Not yet." He replied, smirking.
The light of the lamp sparkled in his eyes and made his skin sparkle, as if it was covered in glitter. If she hadn't known what he was she would have thought he was a gay stripper with down syndrome.
Silently he walked towards her, mysteriously, as if gliding. He brushed her long brown hair out of her eyes.
"You are so sexy." He said with a lisp.
She tried hard not to laugh, Vampires were known for their fury.
"So are you."
It wasn't a lie. Not truly. Probably because he was a Vampire his magical blood oozed with sex appeal, he probably released pheromones, like a bug… that thought repulsed her… and although he was decently ugly, and, well, kind of downy, she couldn't help but crave to ride him, wildly, like a mechanical bull in a pub, screaming and waving her arms around.
He bent over and sniffed at her neck. It kind of tickled, but he smelt strange, like frozen semen or maybe horse radish.
"You're making me so wet." She said.
His fangs extended lightly pressing against her neck, the pressure hurt, but it was a good pain. The sharp tips lightly broke the skin and the Vampire ravishingly licked at the blood. It wasn't sexy. It was like a Dog licking sloppishly.
She pushed him off and down onto the bed. She's had enough of that. The Vampire was like any teen boy. Horny. But he had been saving himself for 400 years. She couldn't imagine the sexual frustration, but he imagined her to be a virgin, that was what she had told him. But the truth was, she was a huge slut. She had once had the entire football team in a 24 hour period, while on her period.
She began unzipping his pants, he was now panting, like a dog.
She began kissing at the bottom of his belly, just above his crotch. Then the noises started. Whining noises, like a dog that begs you to keep scratching.
Finally she went lower, and stuck his frosty penis into her mouth.
It wasn't like any penis she had tasted before. It wasn't salty and warm it was cold and bland, like a home brand ice block.
She licked the tip as the Vampire roared like a Lion. Eventually fitting the entire thing into her mouth she lowered, until it went down her throat, lifting her head again, up and down she went, slowly, and building faster.
The Vampire's body shook, like he was a giant vibrator.
Faster, faster she went. The room was filled with slopping and gagging noises.
Slowly a long thunderous sound built within the Vampire, releasing a cracking sound like lightning, and the cum erupted from the Vampire's penis exploding out the back of the girls head.
Pieces of her brain and skull stuck to the roof, soaked with cum. The Vampire sat, wide eyed in shock as he looked at the tip of his penis still oozing cum over the back of the girls head, mixing with the blood. It only made him more hard.
Suddenly the young girls Ghost appeared looking down over her body and exploded head. A piece of brain and cum dripping from the ceiling falling right through her.
"WHY DIDN'T YOU TELL ME!" She screamed.
"Surprise?" He said and began to eat her brain out the back of her head as if it were watermelon.
The Enchanted Forest – Chapter 1
May 1, 2012
I was Eight years old when I first learnt the truth about the Forest…
I was young, full of energy, always off exploring… no one ever went near the Forest, I had never known why. One day I ventured too close, and a voice called out to me.
"Boy!" Said the ancient voice, like carving the words into the bark of a tree.
I turned and saw the Old Crone, clothed in a grey hooded cloak, her face ancient and wooden, with a long pointed nose with a hideous wart bulging on the end, one eye and the other nothing more than a huge scar, teeth missing from her mouth she waddled up to me and stared down upon me.
"You don't want to get too close to that Forest," she croaked. "Not yet anyway."
She smiled it was the sort of smile at that age you didn't fully understand, but it scared you anyway.
"No, no," she said. "Do you know the story of the Forest, boy?"
I looked towards the vast Forest, the thousands of trees stretching out into forever, Birch and Yew trees as far as the eye could see, a few Oaks spotted, and I knew following the river in the entire river was lined with Willows.
I was standing under a Hawthorn near a little pond a short distance from the tree line, I knew adult ceremonies took place here but at that age I didn't understand them.
"No." I whispered, shy around this Old Crone.
"Thousands of years ago," She said, power growing in her voice. "There was an ancient war. Men fought Men over the Gods, each Man fighting for the God they believed to be right. Thousands upon thousands died. Then Men who buried the dead waited, until the blood in their bodies no longer flowed like a river, but dried. A hole was cut through their stomach, and when they were buried trees were planted inside them. Years past and the war was devastating, soon Men forgot exactly what they were fighting for, only remembering how to bury their dead, the world was decimated and thousands of years have past since then. All these trees boy? They are the dead. That Forest is a vast Graveyard stretching on forever; those trees contain the souls of our ancestors."
I looked deep into the heart of the Woods, it was still, almost like they knew their story was being told, as if they were listening.
Suddenly her hands were on my shoulders holding me, looking right into my face with her one eye.
"The Trees are alive boy!" She cried. "Some of the trees are the fallen of the wrong Men, these trees are evil, and wish you dead!"
I ran, far away from the Crone and the Forest, and hid in the stable by my families Cow, Betsy.
That night around the dinner table with my Mother and Father enjoying Duck cooked with lemon and honey, I told them what the Crone had said.
"Magda is old," My Father told me. "Some says she is hundreds of years old, the last in the line of her family, all who lived unnaturally long lives."
He told Me they were the keepers of the story, telling generation after generation the legends and history of the Forest.
"You need to know about that Forest, Son." My Father told me, his voice solemn. "When a Boy comes of age, he must go into the Forest on his own, he must try to survive out on his own, as long as he can, and if he can, he must try to make it to the other side of the Forest.
"Has anyone ever done that?" I ask with intense curiosity.
"No. Within the Forest lie dangers unimaginable. There are more than Wolves in there, Son."
Wolves sometimes ventured out of the Woods, hunting Chickens or Ducks. Sometimes, they ate small children who'd wandered off on their own. There was a group of men, who had lasted long or survived well at their trials in the Forest, they protected us from the Wolves, sometimes going into the Woods to hunt when food was scarce. They were the keepers of the Old Way. Each had spent time with the Old Crone, learning the stories intensely. When Winter came, and wood was needed for fires, they would go into the Woods searching for the evil trees. But sometimes they could not be found, or they hid well. The Old Crone had taught them the words to the prayers needed to be said to cut down a tree. The words were in an ancient tongue, that only the trees and the wind understood. They gave the tree peace so we could use its wood. So its soul could give us warmth.
My Father removed his shirt. There was a huge scar running down his back. I had seen him without his shirt before, when he was working at making instruments for protection for the Guardians, and I had always wondered about the scar. I had never asked.
"This scar," he said "Came from a creature 6 times the size of any Wolf. It was creature that roared, big and mean, with shaggy brown fur. There are creatures in those Woods, Son. Monsters."
I remember sitting there, the wind howling outside my windows, I remember imagining the beast my Father spoke of. I imagined evil glowing red eyes in the dark, stalking me as I stumbled through the Birch trees in a howling Winter's night. My heart was racing, even at the table, by the warmth of the fire.
"Magda knows, all the children in her family, even the girls must go through the trial when they come of age." My Mother cut in. "Magda lasted the longest of any known person. Four Winter's they say she lasted, determined to make in through the Forest. On her second Winter, cold and hungry knowing only death would come if she kept going, she turned back. She stumbled out of those Woods delirious, muttering, starved and near death. She is the wisest and most learned person in this village."
The hut fell silent, and we resumed eating our dinner, my thoughts plagued with images moving in the dark, of the Old Crone as a young girl sitting in the snow by a fire, freezing to death, fearing that when my time came I would scarcely last… or I would perish.
For years I kept an eye on the Old Woman, listened in when I heard her speaking to others. Sometimes she spoke to the trees. I wondered if they spoke back to her. If they did, I couldn't hear them. But she talked to them like old friends, had conversations. Her face was like the crinkled bark of a tree. Sometimes I wondered that she'd spent so long among them she was becoming one.
When I could I spent us much time near the tree-line as possible, staring in. I watched the Guardians fight when the occasional wolf came to steal a chicken. I practised the movements they used with a long stick. My coming of age was close approaching. I'd need all the knowledge I could get. I had become determined… infatuated with the idea of making it through the Forest. I dreamed of what lie on the other-side. For me it was always some kind of paradise. Warmth, and a treeless clearing stretching for miles. Hills of grass as far as the eye could see.
Finally a new year dawned. All the children who were to come of age travelled a mile in the opposite direction of the thick labyrinthine Forest, here trees grew sparsely. I saw ponds of Geese. Cats and Dogs running about, and a larger village built on the side of a wide river. I could not see the other side, but men on small wooden boats sat in the still river holding sticks with lines entering the water. I knew what they were doing. My Father had often spoken of fishing as a child. This was the village he had came from, he had moved closer to the Forest when he returned injured from his trail the huge cut on his back. My Mother had nursed him back to health. That was what she did, she knew medicines, she knew what herbs and plants were used to help the sick. Even Old Crone came to my Mother when she was younger, they had learned together for a bit, learning the way of the herbs, when Old Crone has learned what she needed she walked off into the Woods. She came back weeks later with vast supplies of Mushrooms and other plants that my mother could use. Even teaching my Mother knew things. She truly was the wisest of the village.
When my Father was nursed back to health, a feat that had seemed impossible, he began courting my Mother, marrying her under the Hawthorn. He hadn't left since.
"Do you see it!?" A boy called out next to me, he was a boy from a village nearer ours than this, still along the tree line.
I looked where he was pointing. Towards the middle of the village was a huge Oaken Citadel, built hundreds of years ago. Craved into the wood of the halls where pictures of the Forest, and some of the strange creatures inside it. I saw Wolves, and the large monstrous creature my Father spoke of. I saw pictures of Butterflies and other creatures I was familiar with. The Forest truly was a wild place.
When I and the other boys had all sat down inside the huge citadel a voice called out.
"Men. That's what you will become this year. Each one of you will pit yourself against the wild of the Forest. Those of you that survive will come back men, and be assigned a post based of how well you did."
I see the Old Crone walk up behind him, hunched and hooded in the same grey cloak.
"Magda will provide you with a week of training with her before you venture into the woods."
He pulled out a piece of parchment, something Old Crones family line had passed down how to make through the generations.
"On this list is the order your days of birth. The order of which, you will enter the Forest. I will call the names out, but first enjoy your coming of age feast!"
Women come out dressed in beautiful green gowns. They are our age, and I imagine they set this up as a way for us to find pairs. The place beautiful clay plates with swirling carves cut into them in front of us, with a beautiful dark meat, dripping with flavour, a side of cooked river fruit, and a goblet filled with red liquid. I've seen the liquid before. My Father had drunk it on oft occasions. But we were to be Men, now we could drink it.
I bite in to the meat, it's succulent and juicy I can taste that is has been flavoured with garlic, and something else I can't put my finger on.
I finish a mouth full and wash it down with the Wine my Father had forbidden me from drinking. It was rare he had said, and difficult to make, until Summer.
It was beautiful. Sweet and made Me feel dizzy, but happy, like I could do anything. I knew the flavour on the meat now. It was wine.
The feast felt like hours, as we drank ourselves into a stupor. Some boys ending kissing the serving girls. The man came through, eyeing people off with his stern face and big grey beard, telling them it was time to be quiet and to sit down, I finished off my tenth goblet of wine by the time the halls were silent.
"When I call your name I want you to walk up those stairs to the right, and young Saiben will lead you to your sleeping chamber for the night."
He unrolled the parchment and cleared his throat.
"Rose of Hazelton"
Whispers filled the hall, all of us looking around. A young red head with short boyish hair walked past me, dressed in boys clothes. Looking at her face I saw she was a girl, and seeing her body shape, it was obvious. But girls don't do the trial. Only Magda's family line. And she was the last. As the girl vanished up the stairs silence filled the hall, eagerly awaiting an explanation. None was given. The man called out the next name.
"Euan of Hawthorn"
It was me, stumbling to my feet due to the wine, I steadied myself and walked as straight as I could to, and up the stairs as a young man lead me to my chamber. Beyond the burnt black door was a small fire, a small wooden table with two chairs, and two beds on opposite sides of the room. On the bed, on the right hand side of the room, sat the red haired Rose, her beautiful white face sullen looking.
"I didn't think they'd make me share a room." She said, spite in her voice.
"Sorry." I responded and dumped my clothes at the end of my bed.
I was too tired to talk. I wanted to sleep.
My dreams where strange that night. Normally your dreams are forgotten, but I remember those dreams.
I was by a pond, reeds surrounded it, I moved them aside, looking down in the pond, the water moved like a flowing river, slowing down and stopping, changing and become a complete reflection, I saw myself and heard the sound of Ravens I looked around me and saw only trees, looking back to the pond there was nothing there, just snow, snow and trees all around me, and the crying of Ravens. I looked around the birch trees and snow fell and melted on my naked flesh. And still the Ravens cried. Darkness was falling. I ran, naked and cold through the forest, falling face first into the snow as darkness fell, I huddled against a tree for warmth. Still the ravens cried. "Help!" I screamed. "Somebody please help!" I heard a blood curdling laughter from behind and jumped up to see the face of the Old Crone reaching out from the tree.
"No help will come." She mocked. "Only death comes in Winter!" She burst into a fit of laughter and I ran.
Running as fast and far as my legs would take me, my body freezing from the cold. Seeing a small rocky cave I hid myself inside.
"The trees are alive!" I hear the Old Crone call out. "Alive and hungry for souls!" She calls.
I cried and the tears froze on my face. Dying of the cold, my naked body huddled against a wall.
"Here." I hear a voice say, and look up. It's Rose, she's coming towards Me, dressed in the fine green dresses of the serving girls. "Let me warm you." She says removing her dress and pressing her naked body against mine. My body heats up in a way it's never done before. And the laughing of the crone changes into the cracking of a fire in the cave, and the Ravens crying silences to the gentle buzz of Summer bees. The warmth of Rose against me is heavenly and she moves her hands through my brown hair. My green eyes gazing into hers, I look at her soft milky skin and fiery red hair.
I get a feeling of intense warmth and dizziness, before I wake up.
All the Monsters
September 4, 2011
Cold heart forgotten in shadows.
A frozen soul, a poisoned breath.
A cancer that grows through your veins.
The leaf that falls. The tree that dies.
The wind that howls and an ocean that stings.
A raging dance, a tornado of emotion.
All the souls sing… Mine is quiet.
An orchestra of screeching death.
The rumbling stomach of the Earth.
It's heart beats slower as the light from the sun dies.
The souls bark at me, like wild dogs.
I am Silent.
No words protrude my lips.
Cold winter silences the others. We can sleep now.
All the monsters are gone.
Hello world!
March 14, 2010
Velcome, velcome. Come inside. Lock the door.


text:
"Tomb Raider" is getting another go on the big screen. MGM has acquired the film rights to the popular videogame line and will develop the new action adventure franchise in partnership with GK Films, both companies announced on Wednesday.
GK Films had previously acquired the rights in 2011 from interactive entertainment company Square Enix Ltd, which absorbed Eidos, the London-based videogame company that created the first "Tomb Raider" game in 1996.
Also read: GK Films Plans 'Tomb Raider' Reboot for 2013
Graham King, the founder of GK Films, will produce the reboot.
"Graham is one of the premier producers in this industry and I am delighted to be working with him on this exciting franchise," MGM CEO Gary Barber said in a statement. "We look forward to developing more projects together in the future."
Paramount previously adapted the videogame with 2001's "Lara Croft: Tomb Raider" and the 2003 sequel "Tomb Raider: Cradle of Life," both of which starred Angelina Jolie as the titular tomb explorer.
While the movies weren't praised by critics, they grossed a total of $432 million worldwide. The videogame franchise — rebooted earlier this month by Square Enix — is a blockbuster in itself, having sold over 35 million copies worldwide.
No casting or plot details for the big-screen reboot have been announced yet.


text:
I was listening to The Thirsty Developer podcast as I was driving into work this morning and was introduced to an interesting note taking technique called Sketchnotes. It is interesting in that instead of writing notes as you listen to a talk you more or less doodle. Being a rather visual person myself this has an appeal. During the discussion I got the impression that this is based on the concept that a picture was worth a thousand words. Perhaps it would be more accurate to say that a word is the picture that is worth a thousand word. Too cliché? Oh well. Give the episode a listen and check out Mike Rohde's blog. Tools like these could really help as our jobs require us to remember more and more information.
Why do we strive to write the most elegant and compact code? I was working on a piece of code recently that the most straight forward way to write it would be dozens of if statements with redundant lines of code. This bugged me so much that I actually spent an hour looking for a framework method to simplify the code. Of course this search blinded me from the quick solution of writing a simple helper function.
So why does this bug most of us? I believe that it is the mark of good developers, analysts and architects to strive to find the best solutions. This is art. You can't just settle for painting a picture. The end product needs to make a statement.
My experience also emphasizes a balance that you need to keep in mind. That is the balance between doing things "right" and getting things done. Some times you have to work on getting things done and then come back and clean it up. To my view this is a good argument for refactoring.
Don't give up on creating elegant code and be sure to pass on what you learn to the next generation developers.
Last night was the fifth meeting of the Chicago Architects Group at the Illinois Technical Association in downtown Chicago. Eduardo Goncalves of Daugherty Business Solutions lead a lively discussion on the 7 Habits of Highly Effective Architects.
Some of the highlights included discussions about the finding business champions, keeping up with technology and evaluating trade-offs when a project is under the gun. Stay tuned for details of the up-coming November presentation.
Eduardo is an architect and consultant with Daugherty Business Solutions. He recently started blogging. Check out his post on Habbits of Effective Architects. You can also see him give a talk on this post at this month's Chicago Architects Group meeting.
Happy blogging Eduardo.
Come and join us for the October meeting of the Chicago Architects Group. Eduardo Goncalves will be presenting on the Habits of Highly Effective Architects. It will be held on October 23rd at the CDW office downtown Chicago. Please register at the link below. I hope to see you there.
Tim is a Solutions Architect for PSC Group, LLC. He has been an IT consultant since 1999 specializing in Microsoft technologies. Along with running the Chicago Information Technology Architects Group and speaking on Microsoft and architecture topics he was also contributing author on "The Definitive Guide to the Microsoft Enterprise Library".


text:
Yuich Kanmur, Junko Kajikuri, Takeo Itoh, Junichi Yoshitake; Effects of Ketamine on Contraction and Synthesis of Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate in Smooth Muscle of the Rabbit Mesenteric Artery. Anesthesiology 1993;79(3):571-579.
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Published: 01/16/2012, Last Updated: 01/16/2012
Intel® Advanced Vector Extensions (Intel® AVX) is a new 256-bit instruction set extension to Intel® Streaming SIMD Extensions (Intel® SSE) and is designed for applications that are Floating Point (FP) intensive. Intel® SSE and Intel® AVX are both examples of Single Instruction Multiple Data instruction sets. Intel® AVX was released as part of the 2nd generation Intel® Core™ processor family. Intel® AVX improves performance due to wider 256-bit vectors, a new extensible instruction format (Vector Extension or VEX), and by its rich functionality. The instruction set architecture supports three operands which improves instruction programming flexibility and allows for non-destructive source operands. Legacy 128-bit SIMD instructions have also been extended to support three operands and the new instruction encoding format (VEX). An instruction encoding format describes the way that higher level instructions are expressed in a format the processor understands using opcodes and prefixes. This results in better management of data and general purpose applications like image, audio/video processing, scientific simulations, financial analytics and 3D modeling and analysis.
This paper discusses options that developers can choose from to integrate Intel® AVX into their application without explicitly coding in low level assembly language. The most direct way that a C/C++ developer can access the features of Intel® AVX is to use the C-compatible instrinsic instructions. The intrinsic functions provide access to the Intel® AVX instruction set and to higher-level math functions in the Intel® Short Vector Math Library (SVML). These functions are declared in the immintrin.h and ia32intrin.h header files respectively. There are several other ways that an application programmer can utilize Intel® AVX without explicitly adding Intel® AVX instructions to their source code. This document presents a survey of these methods using the Intel® C++ Composer XE 2011 targeting execution on a Sandy Bridge system. The Intel® C++ Composer XE is supported on Linux*, Windows*, and Mac OS* X platforms. Command line switches for the Windows* platform will be used throughout the discussion. A table of equivalent command line switches for each platform can be found in the Introduction and Tools section.
A vector or SIMD enabled-processor can simultaneously execute an operation on multiple data operands in a single instruction. An operation performed on a single number by another single number to produce a single result is considered a scalar process. An operation performed simultaneously on N numbers to produce N results is a vector process (N > 1). This technology is available on Intel processors or compatible, non-Intel processors that support SIMD or AVX instructions. The process of converting an algorithm from a scalar to vector implementation is called vectorization.
The generic multiplyValues example helps to illustrate the difference between scalar and vector process using Intel® AVX.
void multiplyValues(float *a, float *b, float * c, int size)
for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
a[i] = b[i] * c[i];
The first method to consider is to simply recompile using the /QaxAVX compiler switch. The source code does not have to be modified at all. The Intel® Compiler will generate appropriate 128 and 256-bit Intel® AVX VEX-encoded instructions. The Intel® Compiler will generate multiple, processor-specific, auto-dispatched code paths for Intel processors when there is a performance benefit. The most appropriate code will be executed at run time.
Compiling the application with the appropriate architecture switch is a great first step towards building Intel® AVX ready applications. The compiler can do much of the vectorization work on behalf of the software developer via auto-vectorization. Auto-vectorization is an optimization performed by compilers when certain conditions are met. The Intel® C++ Compiler can perform the appropriate vectorization automatically during code generation. An excellent document that describes vectorization in more detail can be found at A Guide to Vectorization with Intel(R) C++ Compilers. The Intel Compiler will look for vectorization opportunities whenever the optimization level is /O2 or higher.
Let's consider a simple matrix-vector multiplication example that is provided with the Intel® C++ ComposeXE that illustrates the concepts of vectorization. The following code snippet is from the matvec function in Multiply.c of the vec_samples archive:
void matvec(int size1, int size2, FTYPE a[][size2], FTYPE b[], FTYPE x[])
for (i = 0; i < size1; i++) {
b[i] = 0;
for (j = 0;j < size2; j++) {
b[i] += a[i][j] * x[j];
Without vectorization, the outer loop will execute size1 times and the inner loop will execute size1*size2 times. After vectorization with the /QaxAVX switch the inner loop can be unrolled because four multiplications and four additions can be performed in a single instruction per operation. The vectorized loops are much more efficient than the scalar loop. The advantage of Intel® AVX also applies to single-precision floating point numbers as eight single-precision floating point operands can be held in a ymm register.
Loops must meet certain criteria in order to be vectorized. The loop trip count has to be known when entering the loop at runtime. The trip count can be a variable, but it must be constant while executing the loop. Loops have to have a single entry and single exit, and exit cannot be dependent on input data. There are some branching criteria as well, e.g., switch statements are not allowed. If-statements are allowed provided that they can be implemented as masked assignments. Innermost loops are the most likely candidates for vectorization, and the use of function calls within the loop can limit vectorization. Inlined functions and intrinsic SVML functions increase vectorization opportunities.
It's recommended to review vectorization information during the implementation and tuning stages of application development. The Intel® Compiler provides vectorization reports that provide insight into what was and was not vectorized. The reports are enabled via /Qvec-report=<n> command line option, where n specifies the level of reporting detail. The level of detail increases with a larger value of n. A value of n=3 with provide dependency information, loops vectorized, and loops not vectorized. The developer can modify the implementation based on the information provided in the report; the reason why a loop was not vectorized is very helpful.
The developer's intimate knowledge of their specific application can sometimes be used to override the behavior of the auto-vectorizer. Pragmas are available that provide additional information to assist with the auto-vectorization process. Some examples are: to always vectorize a loop, to specify that the data within a loop is aligned, to ignore potential data dependencies, etc. The addFloats example illustrates some important points. It is necessary to review the generated assembly language instructions to see what the compiler generated. The Intel Compiler will generate an assembly file in the current working directory when the /S command line option is specified.
void addFloats(float *a, float *b, float *c, float *d, float *e, int n) {
int i;
#pragma simd
#pragma vector aligned
for(i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
a[i] = b[i] + c[i] + d[i] + e[i];
Note the use of the simd and vector pragmas. They play a key role to achieve the desired Intel® AVX 256-bit vectorization. The following code is generated when addFloats is compiled with the /QaxAVX option but without the lines containing the simd and vector pragmas:
Without simd and vector pragmas
vmovss xmm0, DWORD PTR [rdx+r10*4]
vaddss xmm1, xmm0, DWORD PTR [r8+r10*4]
vaddss xmm2, xmm1, DWORD PTR [r9+r10*4]
vaddss xmm3, xmm2, DWORD PTR [rax+r10*4]
vmovss DWORD PTR [rcx+r10*4], xmm3
inc r10
cmp r10, r11
jl .B46.3
The assembly code shows the use of scalar versions of Intel® 128-bit AVX instructions. The goal is to produce packed (another word for vector) versions of Intel® 256-bit AVX instructions. The ss in vaddss indicates that only one set of single precision floating point operands are being added together, a scalar operation. The algorithm will be more efficient if vaddps is used instead, ps indicates a packed operation on single precision floating point operands.
Adding just "#pragma simd" to the code helps as packed versions of Intel® 128-bit AVX instructions are generated. The compiler also unrolled the loop once which reduces the number of executed instructions related to end of loop testing. There is still room for more optimization because only four operands are operated on per instruction.
With #pragma simd
vmovups xmm0, XMMWORD PTR [rdx+r10*4]
vaddps xmm1, xmm0, XMMWORD PTR [r8+r10*4]
vaddps xmm2, xmm1, XMMWORD PTR [r9+r10*4]
vaddps xmm3, xmm2, XMMWORD PTR [rax+r10*4]
vmovups XMMWORD PTR [rcx+r10*4], xmm3
vmovups xmm4, XMMWORD PTR [16+rdx+r10*4]
vaddps xmm5, xmm4, XMMWORD PTR [16+r8+r10*4]
vaddps xmm0, xmm5, XMMWORD PTR [16+r9+r10*4]
vaddps xmm1, xmm0, XMMWORD PTR [16+rax+r10*4]
vmovups XMMWORD PTR [16+rcx+r10*4], xmm1
add r10, 8
cmp r10, rbp
jb .B46.11
Specifying "pragma vector aligned" provides another hint that instructs the compiler to use aligned data movement instructions for all array references. The desired 256-bit Intel® AVX instructions are generated by using both "pragma simd" and "pragma vector aligned." The Intel® Compiler chose vmovups because there is no penalty for using the unaligned move instruction when accessing aligned memory on the 2nd generation Intel® Core™ processor.
With #pragma simd and #pragma vector aligned
vmovups ymm0, YMMWORD PTR [rdx+rax*4]
vaddps ymm1, ymm0, YMMWORD PTR [r8+rax*4]
vaddps ymm2, ymm1, YMMWORD PTR [r9+rax*4]
vaddps ymm3, ymm2, YMMWORD PTR [rbx+rax*4]
vmovups YMMWORD PTR [rcx+rax*4], ymm3
vmovups ymm4, YMMWORD PTR [32+rdx+rax*4]
vaddps ymm5, ymm4, YMMWORD PTR [32+r8+rax*4]
vaddps ymm0, ymm5, YMMWORD PTR [32+r9+rax*4]
vaddps ymm1, ymm0, YMMWORD PTR [32+rbx+rax*4]
vmovups YMMWORD PTR [32+rcx+rax*4], ymm1
add rax, 16
cmp rax, r11
jb .B46.4
This demonstrates some of the auto-vectorization capabilities of the Intel® Compiler. Vectorization can be confirmed by vector reports, the simd assert pragma, or by inspection of generated assembly language instructions. Pragmas can further assist the compiler when used by developers with a thorough understanding of their application. Please refer to A Guide to Vectorization with Intel(R) C++ Compilers for more details on vectorization in the Intel Compiler. The Intel® C++ Compiler XE 12.0 User and Reference Guide has additional information on the use of vectorization, pragmas and compiler switches. The Intel Compiler can do much of the vectorization work for you so that your application will be ready to utilize Intel® AVX.
The Intel® Cilk™ Plus C/C++ language extension for array notations is an Intel-specific language extension that is applicable when an algorithm operates on arrays, and doesn't require a specific ordering of operations among the elements of the array. If the algorithm is expressed using array notation and compiled with the AVX switch, then the Intel® Compiler will generate Intel® AVX instructions. C/C++ language extension for array notations are intended to allow users to directly express high level parallel vector array operations in their programs. This assists the compiler in performing data dependence analysis, vectorization, and auto-parallelization. From the developer's point of view, they will see more predictable vectorization, improved performance and better hardware resource utilization. The combination of C/C++ language extension for array notations and other Intel® Cilk™ Plus language extensions simplify parallel and vectorized application development.
The developer begins by writing a standard C/C++ elemental function that expresses an operation using scalar syntax. This elemental function can be used to operate on a single element when invoked without C/C++ language extension for array notation. The elemental function must be declared using "__declspec(vector)" so that it can also be invoked by callers using C/C++ language extension for array notation.
The multiplyValues example is shown as an elemental function:
__declspec(vector) float multiplyValues(float b, float c)
return b*c;
This scalar invocation is illustrated in this simple example:
float a[12], b[12], c[12];
a[j] = multiplyValues(b[j], c[j]);
The function can also act upon an entire array or portion of an array by utilizing of C/C++ language extension for array notations. A section operator is used to describe the portion of the array to operate on. The syntax is: [<lower bound> : <length> : <stride>]
Where lower bound is the starting index of the source array, length is the length of the resultant array, and stride expresses the stride through the source array. Stride is optional and defaults to one.
These array section examples will help illustrate the use:
float a[12];
a[:] refers to the entire a array
a[0:2:3] refers to elements 0 and 3 of array a.
a[2:2:3] refers to elements 2 and 5 of array a
a[2:3:3] refers to elements 2, 5, and 8 of array a
The notation also supports multi-dimensional arrays.
float a2d[12][4];
a2d[:][:] refers to the entire a2d array
a[:][0:2:2] refers to elements 0 and 2 of the columns for all rows of a2d.
a[2:2:3] refers to elements 2 and 5 of array a
a[2:3:3] refers to elements 2, 5, and 8 of array a
The array notation makes it very straightforward to invoke the multiplyValues using arrays. The Intel® Compiler provides the vectorized version and dispatches execution appropriately. Here are some examples. The first example acts on the entire array and the second operates on a subset or section of the array.
This example invokes the function for the entire array:
a[:] = multiplyValues(b[:], c[:]);
This example invokes the function for a subset of the arrays:
a[0:5] = multiplyValues(b[0:5], c[0:5]);
C/C++ language extension for array notations simplifies the development of array-based applications. As with auto-vectorization, it's necessary to inspect the instructions generated by the Intel® Compiler to verify that Intel® AVX instructions are being used. Compiling the source with the /S option produces the assembly file. A search for mutliplyValues reveals that there are both a scalar and vectorized version.
The scalar implementation uses scalar (ss) versions of VEX-encode 128-bit Intel® AVX instructions:
vmulss xmm0, xmm0, xmm1
The vector implementation uses scalar (ps) versions of VEX-encode 256-bit Intel® AVX instructions:
sub rsp, 40
vmulps ymm0, ymm0, ymm1
mov QWORD PTR [32+rsp], r13
lea r13, QWORD PTR [63+rsp]
and r13, -32
mov r13, QWORD PTR [32+rsp]
add rsp, 40
These simple examples show how C/C++ language extension for array notations uses the features of Intel® AVX without requiring the developer to explicitly use any Intel® AVX instructions. C/C++ language extension for array notations can be used with or without elemental functions. This technology provides more flexibility and choices to developers, and utilizes the latest Intel® AVX instruction set architecture. Please refer to the Intel® C++ Compiler XE 12.0 User and Reference Guide for more details on Intel® Cilk™ Plus C/C++ language extension for array notations.
Developers can utilize the compiler to generate Intel® AVX instructions and auto-vectorize their application. They can also choose to develop with Intel® Cilk™ Plus C/C++ language extension for array notations to tap into the power of Intel® AVX. There is another way that development teams can take advantage of Intel® AVX without writing in assembly language. The Intel® Integrated Performance Primitives (Intel® IPP) and the Intel® Math Kernel Libraries (Intel® MKL) offer much to the developer, including support for the latest Intel technologies such as Intel® AVX.
Intel offers thousands of highly optimized software functions for multimedia, data processing, cryptography, and communications applications via the Intel® Integrated Performance Primitives and Intel® Math Kernel Libraries. These thread-safe libraries support multiple operating systems and the fastest code will be executed on a given platform. They are an easy way to add multi-core parallelization and vectorization to an application, as well as take advantage of the latest instructions available for the processor executing the code. The Intel® Performance Primitives 7.0 includes approximately 175 functions that have been optimized for Intel® AVX. These functions can be used to perform FFT, filtering, convolution, correlation, resizing and other operations. The Intel® Math Kernel Library 10.2 introduced support for Intel® AVX for BLASS (dgemm), FFT, and VML (exp, log, pow). The implementation has been simplified in Intel® MKL 10.3 as the initial call to mkl_enable_instructions is no longer necessary. Intel® MKL 10.3 extended Intel® AVX support to DGMM/SGEMM, radix-2 Complex FFT, most real VML functions, and VSL distribution generators.
If you are already using, or are considering using these versions of the libraries, then your application will be able to utilize the Intel® AVX instruction set. The libraries will execute Intel® AVX instructions when run on a Sandy Bridge platform and are supported on Linux*, Windows*, and Mac OS* X platforms.
More information on the Intel® IPP functions that have been optimized for Intel® AVX can be found in http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-ipp-functions-optimized-for-intel-avx-intel-advanced-vector-extensions/
More information on Intel® MKL AVX support can be found in Intel(R) AVX Optimization in Intel(R) MKL V10.3.
The need for greater computing performance continues to drive Intel's innovation in micro-architectures and instruction sets. Application developers want to ensure that their product will be able to take advantage of advancements without a significant development effort. The methods, tools, and libraries discussed in this paper provide the means for developers to benefit from the advancements introduced by Intel® Advanced Vector Extensions without having to write a single line of Intel® AVX assembly language.
Intel(R) Advanced Vector Extensions
Intel(R) C++ Composer XE 2011 - Documentation
How to Compile for Intel(R) AVX
A Guide to Vectorization with Intel(R) C++ Compilers
Intel(R) Integrated Performance Primitives Functions Optimized for Intel(R) Advanced Vector Extensions
Enabling Intel(R) Advanced Vector Extensions Optimizations in Intel(R) MKL
Intel(R) AVX Optimization in Intel(R) MKL V10.3
Table 1 - Summary of Intel® Compiler Command Line Switches
Description of Intel® Compiler Command Line Switch
Mac OS* X
Generate multiple, processor-specific auto-dispatch code paths for Intel processors if there is a performance benefit
Generate a vectorization report
Generate an assembly language file
Intel's compilers may or may not optimize to the same degree for non-Intel microprocessors for optimizations that are not unique to Intel microprocessors. These optimizations include SSE2, SSE3, and SSSE3 instruction sets and other optimizations. Intel does not guarantee the availability, functionality, or effectiveness of any optimization on microprocessors not manufactured by Intel. Microprocessor-dependent optimizations in this product are intended for use with Intel microprocessors. Certain optimizations not specific to Intel microarchitecture are reserved for Intel microprocessors. Please refer to the applicable product User and Reference Guides for more information regarding the specific instruction sets covered by this notice.
Notice revision #20110804


text: Seasonal Safety for Safety Professionals Did you know… Kids are more than twice as likely to be hit by a car and killed on Halloween than on any other day of the year? In 2012, 3,270 children 19 and under were seen in emergency rooms for injuries caused by non-electric Christmas decorations, like broken ornaments? More than a third of all toy-related injuries are to children 4 and younger? As a safety professional, you can teach children to be safe all year long using the information and resources on our Seasonal Safety page. You can also utilize the Safe Kids Worldwide Library to access easy-to-read infographics, safety tips, fact sheets, and videos that educate and entertain educators, as well as students.


text:
Notice: On April 23, 2014, Statalist moved from an email list to a forum, based at statalist.org.
[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index]
RE: st: longitudinal data
Nick Cox <email@example.com>
"'firstname.lastname@example.com'" <firstname.lastname@example.com>
RE: st: longitudinal data
Mon, 13 Jun 2011 14:24:23 +0100
Without wanting to inhibit Paul Seed's independence in any way, I draw attention to advice in the Statalist FAQ which strongly suggests that you keep threads public.
Offering public help once need not be an indication that anyone is available for private help afterwards.
joshua liwindi
Hi Paul,
Thanks for the response, this has given me a starting point,
I wont hesitate to contact you for more help.
I hope you wont mind
From: Seed, Paul
Dear Joshua,
In principle the method analysis should be specified in the
study protocol, and will be implied in the power calculation.
You should check what was written at the time.
As you are not experienced in Stata, you might be best keeping
the data in wide format, and using summary scores.
The most obvious summary score would be the
sum (or average) of the parasite counts.
You can achieve the averages using something like
egen av_count = rmean(count1 count2 count7 count14 count21 count28)
depending on your variable names. count0 (pre-randomisation) is deliberately left out.
Use of egen will mean that individual missing counts are ignored, and the average
worked out for the non-missing values. The best way of handling missing data is
another topic entirely.
See Matthews, J.N.S., Altman, Douglas G., Campbell, M.J. and
Royston, Patrick. Analysis of serial measurements in medical
research. Br Med J, 1990;300:230-235.
You will only arrive at odds ratios and proportions if your summary score is a simple yes/no
with each patient (or each count) categorised as "unchanged" or "reduced",
or whatever pair of categories is most appropriate.
For analysis purposes, you achieve more power if you adjust for the baseline
disease severity (pre-randomisation). Something like
regress av_count sp_as2 sp_as3 count0
will achieve this. I assume that sp_as2 sp_as3 are 1 for the relevant treatment and 0 otherwise.
(I also assume that this is a parallel group trial, and there are no planned crossovers.)
See Frison L & Pocock SJ (1992) Repeated measures in clinical trials:
analysis using mean summary statistics and its implications for
design. Statistics in Medicine; 11: 1685-1704.
You should also look at distributions and consider whether you should be working
with the log of the counts, possibly first adding a notional 1 or (0.5) to cope with any zeros.
Stata provides confidence intervals for differences in parasite counts will be provided by regression or
Paul T Seed, Senior Lecturer in Medical Statistics,
Division of Women's Health, King's College London and King's Health Partners
020 7188 3642
Date: Sun, 12 Jun 2011 15:38:21 +0000
From: "joshua liwindi" <email@example.com>
Subject: st: longitudinal data
Hi all,
I would like to get a hint in the easiest way to analyse this data, am not very good in STATA and more so with Biostatistics.
I have a data set with data from an anti-malarial study with 3 arms placebo(SP), and two active arms, (SP+AS3) and (SP+AS2).
gametocytes count is measured at days 0,1,2,7,14,21 and 28
The dataset is presented in a wide format
am intrested in effectiveness of treatment on gametocytes count and its prevalence during the 28 days
1. How do i calculate odds ratio and proportions and  2. p values of (SP vs AS1) and (SP vs AS2) and
3. Corresponding p values of difference in the prevalence in those two groups with their respective 95% confidence intervals for the days above.
Do I need to change the data set to a long format or I can do all this analysis with the current wide format.
* For searches and help try:
* http://www.stata.com/help.cgi?search
* http://www.stata.com/support/statalist/faq
* http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/


text:
Johns Hopkins Dermatology
I will attempt to clarify what we know about the antibody response in various forms of pemphigus and how the distribution of the targeted antigens affects the location of lesions. The synthesis of this work has been proposed by Dr. John Stanley, with key published advances from Dr. Masa Amagai and Mai Mahoney, Ph.D., P. Koch and others. John Stanley refers to his concept as the "desmoglein compensation hypothesis". The key to this hypothesis is the desmogleins (pemphigus antigens) are key adhesion molecules that keep cells attached to each other. In some areas of the body, there are two desmogleins present, and both have to be damaged to cause cell detachment – in some areas only one desmoglein may be present at some level in the skin or mucous membrane, and there only one desmoglein has to be damaged to cause cell detachment.
The following summary is extracted from a recent editorial from the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1). Form of pemphigus Antigens targeted by autoantibodies Pemphigus foliaceus Desmoglein 1 Pemphigus vulgaris (only oral lesions) Desmoglein 3 Pemphigus vulgaris (oral and skin lesions) Desmoglein 3 and Desmoglein 1 Paraneoplastic pemphigus Desmoglein 3, Desmoglein 1 and Plakin proteins.
|Form of pemphigus
|Antigens targeted by autoantibodies
|Pemphigus foliaceus
|Desmoglein 1
|Pemphigus vulgaris
(only oral lesions)
|Desmoglein 3
|Pemphigus vulgaris
(oral and skin lesions)
|Desmoglein 3 and Desmoglein 1
|Paraneoplastic pemphigus
|Desmoglein 3, Desmoglein 1 and Plakin proteins
The simplest situation is pemphigus foliaceus, where blistering occurs in the most superficial layer of the epidermis. These patients have antibodies that are directed against desmoglein 1. This desmoglein is expressed mostly in the upper levels of the epidermis, and antibodies binding to it cause cell detachment (blistering) only where it is primarily expressed. Desmoglein 1 is present in oral epithelium, but oral lesions "never" occur because there is co-expression of desmoglein 3 in the superficial oral epithelium, and the desmoglein 3 is able to keep the cells from detaching, even if desmoglein 1 is knocked out by the antibody (2 ). Also, in skin, desmoglein 3 is expressed in lower levels of the epidermis, so that knocking out desmoglein 1 doesn't cause blistering there, just in the upper levels of the skin where desmoglein 1 is the only key adhesion molecule present. In pemphigus vulgaris, antibodies impair the adhesive function of desmoglein 3 and cause acantholysis in the oral cavity, where this molecule seems to be of primary importance in maintaining cell attachment. The hypothesis that desmoglein 3 has such unique contributions to adhesion primarily in oral epithelium was is supported by new data. Recently, a "knockout" mouse was produced, where desmoglein 3 was eliminated by genetic manipulation (3). These mice lacked desmoglein 3 expression in skin and mucous membranes, but acantholysis occurred only in the mouth, and in a limited fashion in areas of trauma such as the snout and paws. The skin was not affected.
As pemphigus vulgaris progresses, many, but not all patients will develop cutaneous disease. This seems to be caused by a "spread" of the autoantibody response, and development of antibodies against both desmoglein 3 and desmoglein 1. If both these desmogleins are inhibited by autoantibody, not just oral, but also cutaneous blistering occurs (4, 5). This may represent an example of what has been called "epitope spreading" (6). This is a phenomenon seen in autoimmunity, where early in the disease course, patients make antibodies against one protein, but as the disease evolves, they then make additional antibodies against molecules that are similar in structure, or even unlike each other in structure, but are physically closely associated in a tissue.
Patients with pemphigus foliaceus generally do not develop epitope spreading. If they did, they would start to make antibodies against desmoglein 3 (as well as 1) and would then have pemphigus vulgaris. This has been observed, but is actually a very rare event. Also, one can not have both pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus, because pemphigus foliaceus is defined by the absence of antibodies against desmoglein 3.
1. Anhalt GJ. Making sense of antigens and antibodies in pemphigus (Editorial). J Amer Acad Dermatol, 40;763-766,1999.
2. Shirakata Y, Amagai M, Hanakawa Y, et al. Lack of mucosal involvement in pemphigus foliaceus may be due to low expression of desmoglein 1.J Invest Dermatol 1998;110:76-78,
3. Koch PJ, Mahoney MG, Ishikawa H, et al. Targeted disruption of the pemphigus vulgaris antigen (desmoglein 3) gene in mice causes loss of keratinocyte cell adhesion with a phenotype similar to pemphigus vulgaris. J Cell Biol 1997:137;1091-1102.
4. Amagai M, Koch PJ, Nishikawa T, et al. Pemphigus vulgaris antigen is localized in the lower epidermis, the site of blister formation in patients. J Invest Dermatol 1996; 106:351-355.
5. Ding X, Aoki V, Mascaro JM, et al. Mucosal and mucocutaneous (generalized) pemphigus vulgaris show distinct autoantibody profiles. J Invest Dermatol 1997;109:592-596. 6. Craft J, Fatenejad S. Self antigens and epitope spreading in systemic autoimmunity. Arthritis Rheumatism 1997:40;1374-1382.


text:
Proposed Licensing For Newspaper Snippets Could Threaten Users Of Blogs, Facebook And Twitter In Germany
from the triumph-of-the-dinosaurs dept
A few months ago we wrote about a really bad idea that was being floated in Germany: making companies like Google pay for the use of news snippets in services such as Google News. Unfortunately, that idea has now been turned into a concrete proposal for a new law; remarkably, it is even worse than the original plans.
As Udo Vetter points out in a post entitled "Digitally Castrated" (German original), the emphasis of the proposed modification to German copyright law (available as pdf) has shifted: now the primary targets of the law are not only companies like Google, but also ordinary people who blog or post short excerpts of news stories on Facebook or even Twitter, who may be required to obtain a special new license to do so.
Vetter suggests this is because the German publishers have realised that Google would probably rather close down its Google News site in Germany than pay for each snippet, and so they have decided to go after an Internet group who make up in numbers what they lack in revenue: German users of blogs, Facebook and Twitter.
They are likely to be affected because two aspects of the proposed law are vague. It would apparently apply to anyone who makes money from their online writing, and that seems to include things like a few Google Ads or a micropayment system like Flattr. The other uncertainty is what exactly is allowed in the way of unlicensed excerpts from articles. The proposal explicitly mentions that quotations that are currently legal will remain legal. But as Vetter points out, a recent German court decision established that even very short excerpts could be infringing, which effectively guts that apparent safeguard.
This creates a gray area of what will be lawful for ordinary Internet users. And that, in its turn, will create an opportunity for publishers to send out huge numbers of threatening letters to bloggers and others that have quoted from newspapers and magazines. Since few of the latter will have the resources to defend themselves in court, most will simply give in and pay for one of the new licenses the legislation would create.
This will doubtless have a chilling effect on German blogging, and by extension on the use of quotations from newspapers in German Facebook posts and on Twitter too, since users will hardly be keen to fight major battles against well-funded publishers to establish the exact contours of the new law.
The end-result could be a disaster for German blogging, microblogging and social networks. Freedom of speech would inevitably suffer, as people hesitate to challenge articles published in newspapers and magazines for fear of running afoul of the new rules. Old media will be back in the driver's seat -- exactly as the publishers doubtless planned when they lobbied for this law.
One hope is that the extreme nature of this proposal will shock enough people into protesting against it -- the massive street demonstrations against ACTA showed what the German Internet community is capable of. The other is that, if the worst comes to the worst, and it is passed in its current form, the new copyright law would surely alienate so many users of popular platforms like blogs and social networks that the German Pirate party would find itself propelled to even greater political power.
Follow me @glynmoody on Twitter or identi.ca, and on Google+
Filed Under: germany, google news, licensing, newspapers
Companies: facebook, flattr, google, twitter


text:
PE Jaw Crusher
PE series jaw crusher is usually used as primary crusher in quarry production lines, mineral ore crushing plants and powder making plants. It can be described as obbligato machine in mining, building construction, construction wastes crushing,Read More
Mobile Jaw Crusher
Portable mobile jaw crusher is developed according to novel series stone crushing equipment's design idea, the adaption of ship form structure lowers the chassis; reduce the weight and volume of the plant; and makes it easy for turning and transportation; the fashionable design and standardized mass production fully meet customers' requirements.Read More
MTW Milling Machine
This MTW series milling machine is designed by our experts, according to collected advices from customers' long-term experiences. It takes the most advanced patent technology from European and the supply the customers with outstanding performance at low costs.Read More
impact crushing machine for manganese
The production process of manganese ore mainly include: crushing, grinding, ore dressing. In the crushing processing, three crushing circuits are suitable for high hardness iron ore broken, which can complete the ore crushing and partial dissociation work so as to improve the efficiency of the subsequent grinding. In grinding process, two sections of a closed grinding is efficient grinding process, which can make the manganese mill more fully.Read More
jaw crusher advantages for basalt processing
As for the production processing of basalt, some mining machines are at demands, such as jaw crusher, transmission belt machine, cone crusher, sand making machine,circular vibration sieve, washing machine and some other ancillary equipment produced by AM.Read More
lm series vertical grinding mills for limestone
In the process of production and processing of limestone, it mainly uses the following equipment milling machine (Raymond mill or high pressure grinding), jaw crusher, hammer crusher, impact crusher, sand making machine.Read More
magnetic separation of iron ore
The production process of iron ore mainly include: crushing, grinding, ore dressing. In the crushing process, three crushing circuits are suitable for high hardness iron ore broken, which can complete the ore crushing and partial dissociation work so as to improve the efficiency of the subsequent grinding.Read More
processing equipment for kaolin
Kaolinite is a clay mineral, part of the group of industrial minerals, with the chemical composition Al2Si2O5(OH)4. It is a layered silicate mineral, with one tetrahedral sheet linked through oxygen atoms to one octahedral sheet of alumina octahedra.Rocks that are rich in kaolinite are known as kaolin or china clay.Read More
superfine grinding for coal
Whether the coal gangue is used for brick making, the recovery of the coal and pyrite, or do the cement additive or supply to coal gangue power plant, jaw crusher, impact crusher, SCM superfine grinding, overpressure ladder mill, the European version of T mill, vibrating screen, vibration feeder are usually used in the processing.Read More
Success Story
Construction Recycle Plant
STM crushing machine are usually used to crush concrete, glass, porcelain, marble, granite, bricks, blocks, asphalt and reinforced concrete.
Sand Making Plant
Sand is widely used in road construction, real estate development, concrete making etc.
Why Choose Us
STM MACHINERY CO., LTD is one high-tech enterprise, which involves R&D, production, sales and service as well. In the past 20 years, we devote to producing mining equipments, sand making machines and industrial grinding mills, offering expressway, rail way and water conservancy projects the solution of making high grade sand and matched equipments.Read More


text:
The third annual Global Citizen Festival will take place in New York City on Saturday, Sept. 27 and will feature a star-studded lineup featuring artists across several genres including hip-hop, rock, country and EDM. Jay Z, No Doubt, fun., Carrie Underwood, the Roots and Tiësto are all on the bill. The concert's stated aim is to eliminate extreme poverty by 2030.
As in its first two years, the Global Citizen Festival is a free ticketed event and takes place at New York's Central Park, and coincides with the meeting of the UN General Assembly. Fans can get tickets to the concert by earning "points" via actions that combat poverty, including signing a petition requesting to secure funding so 300 million children can be immunized against deadly diseases, or tweeting a "thank you" to Norwegian Prime Minister Erna Solberg to "thank her for Norway's leadership in reducing child deaths."
Last year's Global Citizen Festival featured performances by Stevie Wonder, Alicia Keys and John Mayer; 2012 was the event's first year, and featured Neil Young and Crazy Horse, Foo Fighters and the Black Keys.
48,000 free tickets will be given out for this year's Global Citizen Festival; additionally, a limited number of VIP tickets will also be available for purchase.


text:
Best Fishing Holes around Thermopolis, WY
Add an Organization
Hot Springs State Park
538 North Park StreetThermopolis, WY
Over colorful terraces along the Big Horn River at Thermopolis flows water from mineral hot springs. More than 8,000 gallons flow over the terrace ...Read More »
Boysen State Park
120 Boysen Dr.Shoshoni, WY
The first white men through the Wind River Canyon were the Ashley Fur Party in 1825. The original dam was built by Asmus Boysen in 1908, for whom t...Read More »
Greybull Recreation District
527 1st Ave SGreybull, WY
The Greybull Recreation District is dedicated to providing the community with high quality, diverse recreational opportunities at an affordabl...Read More »
Thermopolis Top Searches
Medicine Lodge State Archaeological Site
4800 Road 52Hyattville, WY
More than 10,000 years of rich, cultural history thrives at Medicine Lodge amongst the endless outdoor recreation opportunities. Wildlife viewing a...Read More »
Sinks Canyon State Park
3079 Sinks Canyon RoadLander, WY
Sinks Canyon State Park is located in west central Wyoming just south Of Lander, WY. The park is situated in the Wind River Mountains on the middle...Read More »
South Pass City Historic Site
125 South Pass Main StreetSouth Pass City, WY
South Pass City has a variety of interesting and educational activities for visitors throughout the summer. When the presence of volunteer staff pe...Read More »
Buffalo Bill State Park
47 Lakeside RoadCody, WY
Buffalo Bill State Park Site Description: Buffalo Bill State Park has two campgrounds, North Fork and North Shore. We also have nine developed day ...Read More »
Connor Battlefield Historic Site
US Highway 14Ranchester, WY
The site consists of 20 camping and picnic sites nestled in an oxbow of the Tongue River in the shade of large cottonwoods. There are two restrooms...Read More »
Chief Plenty Coups State Park
1 Edgar/Pryor RoadPryor, MT
Situated within the Crow Indian Reservation in south-central Montana, 40 minutes south of Billings, this day-use park preserves the log home, sacre...Read More »
Tongue River Reservoir State Park
290 Campers PointDecker, MT
The impounded Tongue River provides a 12-mile long reservoir set in the scenic red shale and juniper canyons and open prairies of south eastern Mon...Read More »
Cooney State Park
86 Lake Shore RoadRoberts, MT
Head to Cooney State Park's reservoir 40 minutes south of Billings to boat, play in the water, camp, and fish. This is the most popular recreation ...Read More »
Seminoe State Park
Carbon County Road 351Sinclair, WY
Seminoe State Park offers excellent fishing, boating, hiking and wildlife viewing opportunities.Activities & Amenities:HuntingPicnic AreasPlayg...Read More »
Edness K. Wilkins State Park
8700 E US Highway 20-26Evansville, WY
Edness K. Wilkins is a serene day-use park for families, nature lovers and those looking for solitude they can enjoy. The huge old cottonwoods, as ...Read More »
Lake Elmo State Park
2300 Lake Elmo DriveBillings, MT
This 64-acre Reservoir inside the city limits of Billings is a great place to swim, boat, sailboard, fish, picnic, birdwatch or stroll on the 1.4 m...Read More »
Fort Fred Steele Historic Site
13 miles E of Rawlins, WY & off of Interstate 80, exit 228Fort Steele, WY
This frontier Army post, which served as a hub for both the military and Wyoming's lumber and livestock industries, is located just off I-80 ...Read More »
Search in a different zip code / city:


text:
A key Apple patent which governs the use of multitouch technology on its mobile devices has been temporarily ruled invalid.
On Friday, the United States Patents & Trademarks Office (USPTO) struck down all 20 claims within the touchscreen heuristics patent '949', also known as 'the Steve Jobs patent'.
The filing, in which the late Apple founder is named as one of the inventors, covers a "touch screen device, method, and graphical user interface for determining commands by applying heuristics."
The validity of the claims will now be reexamined and any decision could have major ramifications in the ongoing patent wars.
May yet survive
Samsung was found guilty of infringing this patent by an International Trade Commission (ITC) judge back in October, while Motorola had also been accused of infringing 'the Steve Jobs patent.'
However, this temporary ruling, known as a first Office ruling, doesn't yet spell doom for one of Apple's most important mobile patents.
Florian Mueller of the excellent Foss Patents blog explains: "I have said on various occasions that first Office actions and other non-final Office actions are just preliminary.
"Many patent claims that are rejected at this stage do ultimately survive."
Via Foss Patents