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They're not immigrants, but they don't feel fully "American" either: U.S.-born Latinos are struggling to find their place in the U.S. Catholic Church.
As a former Catholic who had given up his faith, Aurelio Manuel Montemayor could not understand why he was weeping at the sight of the Virgin of Guadalupe. He wasn't seeing a vision. The bilingual educator with a master's degree was watching television at his home in San Antonio, Texas, tuned to the Spanish-language station that carried the weekly Mass from the historic San Fernando Cathedral. On this December day about 15 years ago, the church service was celebrating the Guadalupe feast day, which marks the 16th-century apparition of an indigenous, copper-skinned Mother Mary to a poor Aztec peasant at the start of the Spanish conquest of Mexico.
The Mass, complete with Mexican mariachis, reminded Montemayor of his days growing up in the border town of Laredo during the 1950s, an era of booming growth for Catholicism. He was the adopted son of a Mexican American couple who worshiped at Our Lady of Guadalupe Church, where his mother was the organist and where he served as an altar boy. As a boy, Montemayor recalls, that he became "probably more Catholic than my parents."
Even after moving away from home and becoming a high school teacher, he remained "a real Bible-thumping Catholic for a while," teaching Bible study at night and serving as a padrino at Baptisms by day. But all that changed in the 1970s when Montemayor took up the banner of the Chicano movement, the political and cultural uprising that swept the barrios of the Southwest.
"The institution I aimed my first tirades at was the Catholic Church," he says. At meetings, marches, and in manifestos, he lashed out against what he considered the church's "institutionalized support for peonage."
By the time he found himself crying while watching that Guadalupe Mass, he had long stopped confronting the church. It was now the mid-'90s and he was no longer angry. He just didn't care. He had lost his faith and was drifting.
So why the tears?
"It kind of caught me off guard," remembers Montemayor, 64, who now works for a nonprofit dedicated to improving public schools. "There was obviously still a very strong attachment, but it's funny because in my mind I said, 'Well, I don't believe in this any more.' It's a deep fond memory. It brings up emotions, but my emotions are not the center of who I am. Old habits die hard."
Wanted: Gente puente
The rocky religious journey of Montemayor, who now practices Buddhist meditation, represents a critical challenge for the Catholic Church in 21st-century America-how to keep itself relevant for the U.S.-born offspring of Latino immigrants as they merge successfully into mainstream U.S. society.
Unlike their immigrant parents, who have been the almost exclusive focus of Hispanic ministry for the past quarter century, these second- and third-generation Latinos speak English, have college degrees, buy homes in the suburbs, and get jobs as professionals.
They are hyphenated Americans who have blended into society to a large degree but who retain a deep-seated connection to their cultural roots and a visceral attachment to a Latino way of worshiping.
Reaching-and retaining-these successful, assimilated Latinos is considered a priority for the church in the coming century. At stake, some say, is nothing less than the future of the Catholic Church in the United States.
Meeting that challenge will require breaking with the old assumptions, political paradigms, and pastoral practices that helped the church serve previous generations of immigrants.
Instead, it will require a multi-faceted, local approach that defies a single national plan. Many parishes have made attempts-youth groups, networking among professionals, special youth retreats called "Chicano Search." So far, though, these efforts have been scattered and results spotty.
When faced with the great influx of immigrants flooding U.S. parishes over the past three decades, the church responded by recruiting Latino priests and ministering to the newcomers in their language. Serving subsequent generations will also require a special recruitment, observers agree, but not one based on language or ethnicity.
The key to serving this Latino American population lies largely in identifying and developing what experts call gente puente, or "bridge people." They can be clergy or lay, Latino or Anglo, young or old. The only requirement is that they be comfortable with dual cultural identities and allow this growing number of bicultural Catholics to be as American or as Latino as they need to be.
"To some extent, it's a new challenge for us," says Bishop Jaime Soto, a U.S.-born Latino recently named coadjutor bishop of the Diocese of Sacramento (who is interviewed on pages 18-22). "There are many of my generation, going back to the '50s and '60s, who feel that the church at that time did not always respond to them or include them. Many of them, if they didn't leave the church or just leave religion altogether, just kind of stayed at the margins of their parishes.
"It's an issue for us now because they are there and they want to exercise leadership in the church. But they want to do that in a way that allows them to express their culture and their own religious values."
Latino spirituality
Part of the problem is that second- and third-generation Latino Catholics are too dispersed to address as distinct congregations concentrated in specific geographic areas. So the solution is more subtle and elusive than simply starting Spanish Masses.
Sometimes even Latinos themselves have trouble expressing the causes of their disaffection, partly because success has required them to suppress the cultural manifestations of their faith.
Yet some see hope in the fact that these cultural forces keep tugging at the souls of Latino Catholics, even those who leave the church. The trick is to find a way to tap into those strong cultural roots before they leave.
Many Latino Catholics, for example, cling to the sacramental and devotional rituals they grew up with, no matter how assimilated they become. Their Catholicism still relies on the symbols, customs, and traditions of their past, which, if not acknowledged or respected, can make them feel alien in their church.
"Their way of being Catholic doesn't completely go away," says Jesuit Father Allan Figueroa Deck, a Mexican American recently appointed director of the new Office for Cultural Diversity in the Church at the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops. "That persistence tells you that they are holding onto something."
Statistics show that among U.S.-born Latino Catholics there is a developing disparity between the church's membership and its leadership.
In the United States today half of all Catholic children under age 10 are Hispanic. Yet Hispanics account for just 1 percent of U.S.-born priests, according to statistics from the Instituto Fe y Vida, a research and advocacy group based in Stockton, California. That gap is alarming, even taking into account the church-wide priest shortage, which has resulted in one priest for every 1,375 parishioners. Among U.S.-born Latinos, the priest-parishioner ratio is one for every 27,000.
If the trend continues and those Hispanic children enter adulthood without entering the priesthood, the church hierarchy will become more and more unlike its flock. Already, for the first time in history, more U.S. Latino Catholics were born in the United States than in a foreign country.
"This is the future of the Catholic Church, and there is no way to walk away from it," says Deck. "We're going to have to target English-speaking Hispanic ministry."
For the past quarter century, the church's Hispanic ministry has concentrated almost exclusively on the burgeoning population of immigrants that has flowed across the border and filled barrio parishes from Santa Ana, California to San Antonio, Texas and most recently cities of the Southeast, the region with the fastest growing Latino population in the country.
Through an array of pastoral approaches-instituting Spanish Masses, fostering devotion to Guadalupe, developing youth groups, encouraging popular religious rituals like the Posadas or the Day of the Dead-the Catholic Church has not only welcomed this growing congregation but has helped make aspects of Latino culture more familiar and accepted within U.S. society at large.
To meet the challenge, the church was able to fall back on a well-rehearsed game plan from the past. To serve previous waves of Irish, Italian, Polish, and German migration, the church created national parishes organized around language and ethnicity, a sort of separate-but-equal pastoral segregation that respected the distinct cultural and spiritual practices of individual communities.
Now the demographic sands are shifting. The children of hard-working, marginalized, often oppressed Latino immigrants are growing up in a different world with a vastly transformed set of circumstances. Many have dissolved into the proverbial American melting pot, assimilating just as Irish and Italian Americans did before them.
But it would be a serious mistake, warn many Latino church leaders, to assume that the paradigm of assimilation that worked with European immigrants in the 19th century applies to the children of Latino immigrants today. Conditions and attitudes are radically different, and so is the cultural hold of the old country on second- and third-generation Latino Catholics.
Globalization, instant communication, increased mobility, speedier transportation, more tolerance for multiculturalism, all of these conditions affect how-and how far-Latinos will assimilate in the 21st century. And that process will shape the church's future.
In the 1950s the church tried to move away from the national parish, worried that it slowed the integration of immigrants into American society. New York's Cardinal Francis Joseph Spellman spelled out a new policy of quick integration and a new role for the church as a mediator in that process. But it was a pastoral reversal that had unintended consequences.
"If you tell people, as the church used to, that you have to become good Americans, well, the good Americans are WASPs (White Anglo-Saxon Protestants) and they go to Ivy League schools and they're secular and they're Episcopalians," says Anthony Stevens-Arroyo, professor emeritus of Puerto Rican and Latino Studies at Brooklyn College. "So if you tell people to become more American, then they stop being Catholic. Now the church has caught itself and said, 'Wait a minute! We didn't mean it that way.'"
Bilingual and bicultural
Unlike previous generations of immigrants, Latinos hold onto a cultural Catholicism rooted in their ethnicity, their family loyalties, and their national origins. It's the reason they cry for Guadalupe even after they stop practicing their faith and why they eat both tamales and turkey at Christmas.
To understand the new dynamic, says Stevens-Arroyo, consider the way corporations market to young Latinos. Advertisers don't assume that they will lose their identity or even to some extent their language. But they don't make the mistake of thinking they can reach them through strategies used on their parents, with ads on Spanish-language television or radio.
In fact, U.S.-born Latinos have developed their own bilingual culture that is both distinct from the American mainstream and from their nations of origin. These Latino Catholics inhabit the limbo of a bicultural world-too Americanized to identify totally with their roots, yet still too Latino to abandon them.
Often they do not feel fully accepted by either group, creating what Mexican American theologian Father Virgilio Elizondo has called "the pain of having no proper space or community of one's own."
But there are new possibilities born of this displacement, argues Elizondo, professor of pastoral and Hispanic theology at the University of Notre Dame. They are the same centuries-old possibilities created by mestizaje, the fusion of race and culture symbolized by the appearance of Guadalupe.
"The ones that are born of this displacement can begin to claim and affirm both of the traditions," Elizondo told the National Catholic Reporter in 1996. "In a way what appears to be a curse becomes a blessing."
Just as the union of Aztecs and Europeans created a new culture in Latin America five centuries ago, the great melding of Latinos into U.S. society marks a new beginning, he says, one that "will be celebrated in new religious rituals and rites" combining both cultures. In the process, concluded Elizondo, "we begin to create a common space where all can belong."
Faith-to-faith migration
Although the secular media has played up the defection of Hispanic Catholics to evangelical churches, the major loss of Latino faithful during that decade was not to another religion but to no religion at all.
Between 1990 and 2001, the number of Hispanic adults who declared no religion increased from 6 percent to 13 percent, according to a report issued in 2002 by the Program for the Analysis of Religion Among Latinos/as (PARAL).
Sylvia Puente was one of those Latino Catholics who had renounced religion-until a blessed event changed her life. Puente, a fourth-generation Mexican American, was raised in an ethnically diverse Chicago suburb, where her parents were active in their church and helped start its first Spanish-language Mass. She went to Catholic schools and church every Sunday.
But Puente became disillusioned when she came up against the rigid roles defined for women in the church, and she rebelled. "I wasn't going to be that kind of a woman," says Puente, 49, who holds a master's in public policy from the University of Chicago. "How could I be in a place where women weren't fully respected?"
For years Puente did not practice any religion and even questioned the existence of God but could not bring herself to consider a different faith. "The thought of exploring other faith traditions felt like a mortal sin," she says. Then her daughter Veronica was born.
"I struggled with whether or not I should have her baptized," recalls Puente. "I thought, 'I'm not going to church. I really don't have a lot of faith in this church.' But how could I not baptize her?"
Puente decided to go ahead with the sacrament, though she never intended to raise her daughter as a Catholic. Her decision was based on what she calls "a deep-seated organic spirituality."
"It was still so embedded, as much as I thought I had rejected it, I still had to baptize my daughter," Puente recalls. Eventually she joined a congregation of the Kansas-based Unity Church, which she describes as a non-traditional denomination. Puente also explored the indigenous side of her spirituality, going on retreat to New Mexico where she worked with Mexican and Lakota spiritualists, learning rituals she still practices today.
Puente now works for Notre Dame's Institute for Latino Studies, directing the Chicago office, and occasionally attends Mass, "depending on the priest." For her daughter, however, the issue of religion remains unresolved. Now 20, Veronica is part of the trend-another young, U.S.-born Hispanic, fifth generation, who identifies with no specific religion.
One size does not fit all
Reaching this cohort of Latinos-geographically dispersed and culturally split-won't be easy. The key, some say, is realizing that there is no single answer any longer. A pastoral plan for the next generation of Latinos must be as diverse as the people themselves.
Explains University of Notre Dame theologian Timothy Matovina: "You can't say, 'Alright, for third-generation Latinos who don't speak Spanish anymore but who want to be connected to their culture, you do A, B, C, and Latinos will be fine.' No, you need a method of listening and of community-building, a method that understands the complex interrelation between culture and faith."
That's a tall order for a church strapped for cash and priests. To get the job done, new lay leaders will be needed with the ability to cut across all the old dividing lines-between residents and new arrivals, English-speaking and Spanish-speaking, Anglo and Latino. And almost everyone agrees the church must focus on youth.
"Youth ministry is a critical piece," says Ken Johnson-Mondragón, a former youth minister in Santa Cruz, California. "If we don't do a good job, that's where we're going to lose them."
Only 10 percent of youth ministers today are Hispanic. The overwhelming majority are white, middle-class, and college-educated who acknowledge a major weakness in "working with kids of a different culture," says Johnson-Mondragón, director of the Research and Resource Center for Hispanic Youth and Young Adult Ministry at Instituto Fe y Vida. This socially polarized situation discourages Latino teens from participating, often despite urging from their parents, because they "just don't feel like they fit in," he says.
Enter the gente puente.
"Those are the kids who excel," says Johnson-Mondragón. "They are going to become leaders in the church and in society. By identifying these gente puente, we can give a sense of hope and direction for the teenagers."
Yet the bridge people don't have to be Latino.
"There are a lot of Anglo priests who speak Spanish and do incredible work with Latino Catholics," notes Matovina of Notre Dame. "Sometimes in my experience they are better prepared to help a young Latino in transition who wants to feel accepted. The Anglo guy can say, 'You're one of us and you can still be as Latino as you want to be.' That can be more attractive to the transitional Latino than a Spanish-speaking priest recruited from [a Latin American country] who's sort of saying, 'Ay, Chihuahua, what's the matter with you? You forgot your language. You're losing your culture; you're going to lose the faith.'"
One way of breaking down cultural barriers among young Catholics, says Johnson-Mondragón, is to organize youth groups not around ethnicity but around interests. So instead of a single youth group, there would be several, for those who like sports, choir, or who simply want to gather for prayer.
Frank Ornelas, 44, did not originally see himself as one of those bridge people. He's Mexican American but didn't speak Spanish growing up in Southgate, a blue-collar Latino suburb of Los Angeles. He dropped out of the University of California in Irvine, an upscale Orange County community, because he felt he didn't fit in with either the dominant Anglo culture or the activist Latinos on campus.
By then, he had lost his Catholic faith. From the time he was 18 until almost 30, he turned his back on religion. "The church and faith and Jesus, I wouldn't even say they were secondary in my life," says Ornelas, who chokes back tears at the memory. He didn't find his way back to the church until he had an awakening at a Marriage Encounter with his wife.
Ornelas, a father of two young daughters who now lives in Irvine, was recalling his spiritual journey in a small garden behind St. Thomas More Church, a multi-ethnic parish. As the gusty Santa Ana winds tousled the rose bushes, he recounted how his reconnection with his faith led him to connect with his culture like never before.
Earlier this year a fellow parishioner nominated Ornelas to serve on the steering committee of a new Hispanic group in the parish. At first he wanted nothing to do with them because he thought they would split the congregation along ethnic lines. Besides, his parents did not raise him with Mexican religious traditions.
After prayer and reflection, Ornelas decided to join. He says the Lord had told him, "Check it out. You might bring something to the table that might help some people." Now, despite his language limitations, he teaches religious education to recent immigrants.
In November Ornelas prepared an altar for his late father as part of the Day of the Dead observance at his church. It was the first time in his life he had ever participated in the Mexican tradition, which was open to the entire congregation.
"Historically I don't have that cultural tie," he says. "But I also started to realize that the church is universal. So why not open this altar to the congregation? It doesn't have to be Hispanic." "It's not about the culture anymore," he adds. "It's about the faith."


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im diggin this song...and its lyrics...OUTKAST - ROSESCaroline! Caroline!She Caroline, All the guys would say she's mighty fine(mighty fine)But mighty fine only got you somewhere half the timeAnd the other half either got you cursed out, or coming up shortYeah, now dig this, even though(even though)You'd need a golden calculator to divide(to divide)The time it took to look inside and realize thatReal guys go for real down to Mars girls, ah ha yeah!I know you'd like to thank your *&^% don't stankBut lean a little bit closerRoses really smell like poo poo pooYeah, roses really smell like poo poo poo ahh Caroline! See she's the reason for the word "female dog" (female dog)I hope she's speeding on the way to the clubTrying to hurry up to get to someBaller or singer or somebody like thatAnd try to put on her makeup in the mirrorAnd crash, crash, crash.. into a ditch! (Just Playing!)She needs a golden calculator to divide (to divide)The time it took to look inside and realize thatReal guys go for real down to Mars girls, yeah!Well she's got a hotty body, but her attitude is pottyWhen I met her at a party she was hardly acting naughtyI said "Shorty would you call me?"She said "Pardon me, are you ballin'?"I said "Darling, you sound like a prostitute" pausingOh so you're one them freaks, get geeked at the sight of ATM receiptsBut game been peeped, dropping names she's weakTrickin' off this female dog is lostMust take me for a geek a quick way to eatA neat place sleep, a rent-a-car for a week, a trick for a treatNow go on the raw sex, my AIDS test is flawlessRegardless, we don't want to get involved with no lawyersAnd judges just to hold grudges in a courtroomI wanna see ya support bra not support you!Better come back down to MarsGirl, quit chasin' carsWhat happens when the dough get so lowfemale dog, you ain't that fineNo way.. no way.. no wayCrazy female dog [x17]female dog, stupid ass female dogOld punk ass female dog, old dumbass female dogA female dog's female dog, just a female dog
I think Outkast is soooo weak , even if they got catchy bass lines. I used to like them back in the day, circa 1993.

subset: commoncrawl


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If you were a convenience store clerk faced with a robber wielding a comically large stick as a weapon, you probably wouldn't think it was too comical. But after the fact, the security camera footage is pretty ridiculous.
So, this robber has apparently decided to use an entire tree as a weapon. But the convenience store clerk whips out a hammer, and a showdown occurs. According to TBD, the robbery occurred in Virginia and not, as we initially suspected, in a 1930s slapstick silent film. [TDB via Magister]


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How do starfish eat?
A starfish's mouth, underneath its flat body, leads directly into a large, bag-like stomach. The starfish can push its stomach out through its mouth. Starfish like to eat clams and oysters. Encircling a clam with its powerful arms, the starfish attaches its sucker-like tube feet to the clam's shell.
With ever-increasing force, it pulls the two halves of the shell apart. Then, the starfish pushes out its stomach and digests the food. When the starfish has completed its meal, it pulls back its stomach, and leaves only an empty clam shell behind.–Dick Rogers


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We know you're busy and the Internet is a crowded place, so we'll try to give you a little reminder on Fridays of what's going on out there. Below please find five recent FontShop-related threads that you may have missed.
Buyer's Guide
Theresa brings us another Buyer's Guide on the blog. This week she highlights HVD Fonts EULA.
Two is Better than One
David Sudweeks analyzes the pairing of two favorites, Frank Grießhammer's FF Quixo and Mark van Bronkhorst's Solano Gothic in his latest installment of Great Pairs.
TYPO Speaker Schedule Announced!
The TYPO San Francisco schedule has been released! Take a look at the most recent newsletter and start planning now! And don't forget, ticket prices increase tomorrow, March 1.
Yves Peters remembers Mike Parker on the FontFeed.
New Fonts
Once again, we bring you the newest of the new in terms of fonts at FontShop. Check out all the great designs from foundries like Comicraft, Dalton Maag and much more.


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✔ Complete income tax calculations and salary example for $ 30,000.00 salary per annum
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|4 weekly
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This salary example for $ 30,000.00 contains advanced calculation techniques which allow you to to manipulate the tax and earnings examples to your specific job and working routine. You can customise the number of hours your work, the days you work each year, your family situation and more. The Singapore Income Tax Calculator example for $ 30,000.00 is designed to be simple and quick to use but you can use the advanced features to produce a more accurate tax and $ 30,000.00 salary example to suit your needs.
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Do you know what your T-score is? Do you work out regularly? Does your workout include weight bearing exercise and strength training? Do you eat calcium rich food on a daily basis? If you answered "no" to any of these questions you are at risk for the development of osteoporosis.
All of us reach our peak bone mass during our 20s. After about age 35, we lose a little more bone mass than we rebuild each year. The more bone mass we have developed before age 35 the less likely we are to develop osteoporosis.
With the help of low-cost ultrasound screenings, we are able to determine if you are at risk for the development of osteoporosis and osteopenia. Early detection is key in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. We recommend women have the bone density screening done annually as they near and move through menopause.
This screening is offered once a month. The next screening date is Monday, Aug. 7, from noon to 1 p.m. at Sterling Regional MedCenter. The fee is $25 for the bone density screening. Appointments are required. Call Glenda Amen at 970-521-3260.


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Mister Romney's Neighborhood (Jimmy Fallon Parody)
"Mitt Romney recently said he wants to cut funding for PBS, which is odd, considering he hosts his own children's show on the network." - Latenight
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S. Scott Willet
For Joshua, it was a good thing when the walls of Jericho came tumbling down. But I felt more like Noah than Joshua when the foundation wall of our house nearly collapsed. We had just moved to Atlanta, where I was beginning a new pastorate. Almost upon our arrival, the rains began.
After a week of heavy rain, I preached on Sunday, September 20, about God's power at work in our lives. That night, hour after hour, we endured a thunderstorm the likes of which I had never witnessed before. In the morning, we arose to the horrors of a catastrophe.
During the night, the enormous pressure of groundwater along the front of our house had torn a gaping hole in the foundation wall, and water poured into the basement, where many boxes of our possessions were still waiting to be unpacked. By the time we got up, the water had receded, but eight inches of mud remained. The whole front of our two-story house was in danger of collapsing.
Our next-door neighbor informed other neighbors of our situation, and soon a large crew was helping to recover things from our basement. Hundreds of boxes had to be carried to the garage. The contents of many of them had been ruined. Homeschooling books, furniture, bookcases, equipment, toys, games, and every other sort of household possession had to be removedalong with the mud, the carpet, and the finished walls. My office had been set up in the basement, along with a large playroom for our children. There was a workroom and a storage room. Now everything was filled with mud.
We worked all that day. The only road in and out of the development was closed by the flood waters. Then, late that afternoon, the rains started again. The creek that was far down the bank in the backyard kept on rising. Finally we all left for the night to stay at a neighbor's house.
On Tuesday morning, the house was still standing, but an additional eighteen inches of rain had washed through the basement. Our whole neighborhood was now affected, and while many people continued to help us, others were busy cleaning out their own flood-ravaged homes. Nothing even close to this had ever been seen in this area. A national news network broadcast their report from our entrance.
On Wednesday, the road to our development opened. A contractor was hired and a temporary wall inside our basement was built that very afternoon to hold up the front of the house. But we couldn't live in the house. The initial estimate to repair the foundation wall was overwhelming.
Yet God was at work in all of this. A good friend from Virginia, known for his diaconal labors in different parts of the country, accepted my plea to come and help. Under his leadership and with the help of many from our new church, the basement was empty and dry within days. Other friends made arrangements to take care of our children for a week. I was engaged daily with contractors, engineers, insurance adjusters, and relief agencies. In church on Sunday, my wife and I were so physically and emotionally drained that we could do little else but break down in tears as we sat in the congregation.
God's hand was upon it all. Although I came to Atlanta to serve the church, our new congregation was given the opportunity to show love to their new pastor in a most practical way. It was God's purpose for them to minister to me even before I could fully begin to serve them. A generous outpouring of assistance from across the OPC began almost immediately, and I became keenly aware that God was providing for our needs. I am indebted to many readers of this article, most of whom are personally unknown to me. The debt of love I incurred now provides the context for my ministry.
I am convinced by this and other circumstances that Satan has been trying to disrupt my new ministry. But this has only emboldened my preaching. Fifteen days after this catastrophe, I wrote to the congregation, "Having been exposed to my own weakness and insufficiencies in so personal a manner, I would expect and pray that my preaching might all the more reflect that power and sufficiency of God himself, that he might show forth his glory through us as a church."
Life is not yet back to "normal," but the wall is repaired, and the flood insurance is expected to cover the contractor's bill. Diaconal funds seem more than adequate to replace what was lost. Rain is still unsettling, and fears of rising water still plague us, but God has been good and his people have been faithful. We have learned anew that his grace is sufficient and that his goodness is unchanging.
The author is pastor of Redeemer OPC in Atlanta (Doraville), Ga. Reprinted from New Horizons, March 2010.
|© 2020 The Orthodox Presbyterian Church
Chaplains and Military Personnel


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Planters continue to get more precise. The latest upgrade is the use of electric motors to drive the seed meters in place of hydraulic- or ground-driven meters.
Toby Graham, Graham Equipment, started selling electric-drive kits for planters in 2011 after designing one for his father's Monosem twin-row planter. Graham says in the short time he has offered electric-motor drives, they've gone from "gee whiz" gadgets to an accepted and sought-after investment
"It used to be that customers would come up to my booth and ask, 'does it work?'," Graham says. "Now, they say, 'I've seen my neighbors use this, and what will it take to make it work on my farm?'"
Growing market
Since 2011, when Graham stepped into this market, several other companies now market electric planter drives. Kinze offers them as an option on its new 4900 series planter. Horsch has made the meters standard equipment on its Maestro planters. You also can buy after-market kits from companies including Graham Equipment and Precision Planting that allow you to upgrade your existing planter. Kits can cost around $1,000 to $1,200 per row, on average, depending on options.
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Benefits of system
Companies that offer electric motor driven seed meters say they offer multiple benefits compared to traditional drive systems. "Electric drives simplify maintenance as there are no longer drive chains, sprockets or clutches to maintain," says Drew Gerber, spokesperson for Horsch. "They also offer precise population control with an instantaneous response time on headlands, population changes within a field or planter speed changes."
"Electric drives will also allow individual row control as well as curve compensation, ensuring your seed population is exactly what was prescribed, maximizing the productivity of every acre," Gerber adds.
Graham says customers who have bought the drives have gotten full payback after two to three years due to the yield gains brought by better seed placement.
Because of these benefits, companies that make the meters say they will be standard equipment on planters in five years.
How they work.
All of the brands work from the same premise. A small electric motor, installed on each row unit of the planter, drives each seed meter, The precision metering makes it possible to control the seeding rates of individual rows and stop seeding where you don't want to plant, all on the go. Power comes from a battery or alternator on the tractor or implement. Differences come in the power requirements of each motor and how that power is supplied.
Buyer's Guide:
Here is a look at four different systems to provide you with a framework on how these systems work should you decide to buy.
Graham Equipment
Graham Equipment sells electric planter drive (EPD) kits for any planter make or model. The system uses direct-current brush motors that draw an average of 3 amps to drive each row unit. A tractor's alternator typically has the capacity to power the motors on planters up to 16 rows. On larger planters, Graham offers a planter-mounted hydraulic auxiliary alternator. Motors are directly mounted to the seed plate, or mounted remotely with a chain drive to the seed plate. One EPD kit contains four motors (for a 16-row planter), a planter-mounted control board, a weatherproof harness, and an in-cab interface box that communicates wirelessly with the control board. Call 303/885-7428, or visit grahamelectricplanter.com.
German planter manufacturer Horsch offers electric-motor-driven seed meters as standard equipment on its Maestro planter. Each planter row unit comes with a 12-volt brushless, direct drive motor that drives the seed meter. The electric-driven metering units place seed evenly and precisely in the row at speeds 20 to 40 percent faster than traditional planters, the company says.
Horsch says a key part of its system is that energy consumption per row is low, allowing the tractor to provide all the power necessary to drive each metering unit. Visit www.horsch.com.
Kinze offers electric-motor-driven seed meters on its new 4900 Series planter. Each unit requires a high torque 24V motor that is powered by a separate alternator and hydraulic circuit on the planter. Kinze says the motors offer 99%+ accuracy at speeds from 2 and 8 mph when used in conjunction with its new 4000-series seed meters. Motors are fully sealed to keep out dust and water and can resist pressure washing. Contact drive also is available on this planter. Visit kinze.com.
Precision Planting
Precision Planting's electric drive system is called the vDrive, and it is designed to work only with Precision Planting's 20/20 SeedSense monitor and vSet meters. The company says vDrive is a low-current, 12-volt system that uses the tractor's battery and alternator for power Electrical requirements for vDrive is 1.25 Amps per row. An alternator is available to supplement power on larger planters. For 2014, the system will support John Deere, Kinze and CNH planters with 1.6 bushel hoppers and mini hoppers. The motor assembly is dust- and moisture-sealed and includes an encoder. Visit precisionplanting.com.
What's next for electric drives?
Electric motor driven seed meters will open the door for other capabilities, beyond seed rate control, in the future. For example, Graham Equipment is using its electric motors to drive insecticide units simultaneously. "We are using our motors on dry fertilizer carts too," says Toby Graham, Graham Equipment. Varying seed hybrids will be the next application, as demonstrated by the concept multi-hybrid planter being worked on by Raven Industries and South Dakota State University. Multiple hybrid technology is also currently under development by Horsch.


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- "I'm a politician, I'm a cynic, I'm very needy. I need people to like me. I need people to like me so that they elect me. I need people to elect me so that I feel marginally less bad about myself when I stare into the mirror."
- ―Thomas Stubbs III
Thomas "Tom" Stubbs III is a character in the Grand Theft Auto series who appears as a main character in The Lost and Damned. He is a Liberty City congressman who Johnny Klebitz worked for.
Thomas Stubbs III was born in 1955. During a conversation about his BAWSAQ broker, Stubbs implies that he was raped in junior high school, as he metaphorically says "I'm being raped!" before adding "I haven't felt like that since the junior high school." At an unknown point in time, he became a Liberty City congressman, but has been faced with allegations of corruption and pork barrel spending. He has also been criticized by the Liberty City media for wasting public resources due to his attempts to finance a major tsunami protection plan and an avalanche warning system for the city, which would be unnecessary since Liberty City is not surrounded by mountains and a tsunami off the east coast of the United States is unlikely.
Role in the Game
When Johnny first meets Stubbs in the Jousters Club, he appears completely naked after getting a massage (something that is symbolically linked to the story, since Stubbs shows himself bare, personality wise, to Klebitz in that same scene). In order to get some funds from his family, he orders Johnny Klebitz to kill his uncle, Arthur Stubbs, who is the holder of the family funds. Johnny kills Arthur Stubbs at Francis International Airport in Dukes, thus giving Thomas Stubbs the funds.
Johnny later works for Stubbs to free several Alderney State Prisoners, and supporters of Stubbs. Johnny frees them before they are transferred to Alderney State Correctional Facility in south Alderney, and the prisoners escape to sea.
Johnny later does smaller jobs for Stubbs, such as helping a convicted CEO escape the FIB, taking blackmail photos of a politician, and bugging Bryce Dawkins' Infernus with surveillance equipment. He later gives Johnny the number to call and listen in on the car, and would be able to hear Bernie Crane discuss about his relationship with Dawkins, how he paid attention to Luis Fernando Lopez, protagonist of the The Ballad of Gay Tony, and later, would be able to hear Niko Bellic battle the LCPD (since the Infernus was given to Niko by Bernie sometime after Johnny bugged the car).
Stubbs repays Johnny for his work by visiting Johnny at the Lost MC Clubhouse. He tells Johnny not to worry about Ray Boccino, but also informs him that Billy Grey plans to pin a major drug operation on Johnny and Angus Martin to send them to prison and allow Billy to enter the witness protection program. After hearing this, the remaining Lost MC members attack the Alderney State Correctional Facility, where Johnny kills Billy.
After the mission, Stubbs calls Johnny to congratulate him for finally defeating his demons and to offer him a more permanent job as his personal hitman. However, Johnny declines Stubbs' offer and sardonically wishes him good luck in his corrupt dealings, severing his ties to Stubbs for good.
Stubbs is a highly-corrupt congressman, who will perform any illegal operation in order to further his own political career, including (but not limited to) murdering his own uncle to secure family funds, releasing his supporters from prison, blackmail, wiretapping and electronic surveillance. He is also a cynical man who is well aware that he is corrupt and he doesn't even attempt to lie about what type of person he is from Klebitz, and through his dialogue shows small amounts of elitism. However, Stubbs and Klebitz are two of the few characters to display loyalty towards each other at the end of the game, as Stubbs helps Johnny by informing him of Billy's plans to send Johnny to prison, telling Johnny he was "good for a favour".
Mission Appearances
- The Lost and Damned
- Politics (Boss)
- Off Route (Boss)
- Stubbs' Dirty Laundry (Voice/Boss)
- Was It Worth It? (Post-mission phone call)
- Get Lost (Boss)
- Stubbs only wears the outfit that is shown in his concept art in Get Lost, as in his other physical appearances in the game he is seen naked. In his concept art, he is more overweight compared to his in-game average build (although he is far from fit), he does not wear glasses, and his face is much rounder.
- In the Get Lost intro, he asks Johnny to call him if he gets into trouble when he gets there, but Stubbs's number will always come up as unavailable in that mission.
- Thomas Stubbs had his own Twitter account (stubbs4liberty) which was used to promote the game.
- He is the first male character in the Grand Theft Auto series to show full frontal nudity. The second is Trevor Philips (with use of a glitch).
External links
- Stubb's Twitter - created by Rockstar, last updated on March 20, 2009.
- Thomas Stubbs on Rockstar's site


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ResortQuest Aspen Snowmass invites you to reconnect with your girls
for a Girls' Getaway, and we have 10 offers which give you all
the reasons to do so!
1. ResortQuest and Aspen Club & Spa invite you to take a guided hike amongst the beauty that Aspen summers have to offer. $100 for an individual and $80 for 3 or more people. This includes $50 off your lunch at any restaurant in Aspen or Snowmass.
2. If you and your friends are up for a challenge, Aspen Club & Spa offers a Boot Camp Challenge using the Ute Trail on Aspen Mountain and their very own outdoor fitness course.
3. Following your activities, treat yourself to your choice of 3 or more spa services at Aspen Club & Spa and receive 20% off.
4. Stay 3 or more nights at the Edward home in Snowmass and get the 4th night half-off!
5. Stay 3 or more nights at Chateau Roaring Fork #14 and get 20% off your total lodging.
6. Get 20% off car rentals with Alamo and National when you book your Girls' Getaway with ResortQuest vacation rentals.
7. Stay 4 or more nights and get the 5th night free if you stay at Chateau Eau Claire #27.
8. Golf packages starting at $90 per person.
9. Rafting packages and sunset dinner tours starting at $76 per person.
10. You deserve to treat yourself!
Call 1.800.222.7736 or contact us at email@example.com.


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Dating back to the early 12th century, vodka is one of the most popular spirits in the world. Composed of water and ethanol, vodka is a tasteless and odorless spirit. A naturally clear beverage, it is produced by fermenting and distilling starch or sugar-rich materials such as rye, potato or wheat. Vodka sold in the United States is required to have a minimum alcohol content of 40 percent. Although commonly used in mixed drinks, you can also serve it neat without any ice or mixers.
Our Premium Brands
TheLiquorStore.com features more than 80 different types of vodka. From staples such as Tito's and Smirnoff to flavored options, we have something for everyone. With a range of prices from budget-friendly mango-flavored vodka to premium varieties made in small artisan batches, we have the right bottle to suit your taste and preferences. We also have a variety of organic and rare vodka.
Types of Vodka
We are pleased to offer the popular Deep Eddy brand of flavored vodka. Served over ice, it is the perfect refreshing cocktail. We also offer Grey Goose, Ketel One and Stolichnaya, which were voted the top three best-selling brands for 2015. For our high-end consumers, we provide Beluga Noble Russian Gold Line Vodka.
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Minimal Price: $1.38


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At first glance you might assume that getting a big-block to fit into our project El Camino would be a cinch. Originally you could order a '66 El Camino with the 396ci option with stock iron exhaust manifolds and manual steering; and believe it or not, it fit like a glove. However, when you add aftermarket rack-and pinion-steering, a stock oil pan, 2-inch headers, and a Turbo 400 transmission, space becomes scarce in this A-body. Our motor swap took us a tad longer than we had expected. However, the outcome surely outweighed our efforts. If you're wondering why we didn't make it easier and drop in a small-block, we put aside those thoughts way before we ever started this project. Besides, our big-block already made serious power on the cheap and we couldn't let the motor live out the rest of its days on the dyno. If you remember in "Budget Stomper" (Feb. '08), our combination was good for 701 hp and 702 lb-ft on nitrous. In our eyes, it was a perfect match to throw into the El Camino. After all, it is a truck and it's going to serve the magazine at hauling around dyno-mules and parts, track days, and even duties around the house.
To get the big-block fitted for its new home, we started by doing a little homework on the motor mounts and frame brackets. Since our sled was originally outfitted with a six-banger that was backed by a three-speed stick, we went ahead and ordered the complete big-block conversion kit from Ground Up. As we began shoehorning the new motor in, we soon learned that the stock style oil pan was preventing us from clearing the center crossmember. To clear extra space, a new pan specifically designed for clearance on Chevelles was ordered from Milodon and swapped in. Also, the original transmission crossmember will not work for our new Turbo 400 transmission because the 400 is longer than the original. We're happy to report, though, that we're currently in the works with Monster to build a new off-the-shelf transmission crossmember for this type of application. Nevertheless, we did get the motor in with the headers and the transmission bolted right up, and that in itself was a big accomplishment. Follow along as we get this beast rolling!
Quick Notes
What We Did
Shoehorned the big-block and trial-fit the transmission into the El Camino
Bottom Line
This bad boy is almost ready to be fired up and driven
Price (Approx)
Slick Shiftin'
Our Monster Transmission Turbo 400 is no slouch, and it's built to hold up to 950 hp. Even though we won't crest that mark by any means, it's nice to know we've got some serious parts inside and won't have to worry about breakage down the road. When you add Monster's flexplate and the 3,000-stall converter into the mix, you've got a slick package for the street.


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Photographer Robyn Twomey — who I got all excited about when I first saw her name because I thought she was Robin Tunney from The Craft but no, she's not — has some stunning portraits of former Playboy Bunnies. I want to hangout with each of these women and learn all about them and then write plays about their lives. Or, at least hear some of their stories because you know they have sto-ries. I bet if they'd made that dumb Playboy TV show about these ladies instead of making it a crappy version of Mad Men, it'd still be on the air. TV has really got to get it together.
Check out all the photos and Twomey's other rad photography and fall down the internet's butthole for a few hours of past playmate perusal.
h/t Flavorwire


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I don't know about you, but Thanksgiving is my favorite holiday. My kids tell me I feel that way because it is the only holiday when I get to be a guest, not a host. And although there is some truth to that, there are so many other reasons I love this day.
Thanksgiving is an opportunity to take stock of the many blessings in my life. Surrounded by my husband, children, parents, siblings, nieces and nephews, and other extended family, it is easy for me to feel thankful. I am so grateful for my wonderful family, great friends, a beautiful home that I get to work from, and a career that is more of a passion than a job. And in an effort to make sure the Thanksgiving feast doesn't sabotage your health goals, I am excited to send you these tips. I hope you enjoy them and have a wonderful Happy Thanksgiving!
Tips to Make Thanksgiving a Happy & Healthy Day
Take exceptional care of yourself in the days leading up to the holiday. Eat well, get enough sleep, keep sweets to a minimum, and maintain your exercise routine. Even if you are busy with preparations, stop right now and schedule an exercise break each day on your calendar, even if it is only twenty minutes.
Figure out some ways to make your life a little easier, or do so for your host. If the holiday is at your home, ask a few of your guests to bring a dish you know they either love to prepare, or could easily pick up. They will feel honored that you asked. Instead of making the cranberry sauce that takes hours to prepare, purchase it from the local gourmet shop. If you are a guest, offer to prepare a specialty dish you enjoy making, or bring a dessert.
If you are not busy in the kitchen, plan an exercise session Thanksgiving morning. Perhaps an early morning bike ride, a trip to the gym, or walk in your town could become a new family Thanksgiving tradition.
Enlist the help of family members to watch over the kitchen or set the table while you take a twenty-minute break before the company arrives. Close your eyes for a power nap, take a bath, or meditate; whatever will make you feel relaxed and ready to greet your guests.
Eat a substantial, healthy breakfast in the morning, and a healthy snack before the festivities begin. Don't show up hungry, or you'll surely overindulge.
Look over the entire buffet before making your choices. Research has proven the more variety, the more calories we tend to consume. Only take small portions of the dishes you love, and skip those that are tradition but not really your favorites.
Ask your hostess for small portions to take home of your favorite dishes, rather than overeating them on Thanksgiving. She will be flattered, and you'll get to truly savor the dish when you are not stuffed and uncomfortable.
Shift your focus away from the food, and towards the people who surround you. Engage in conversations with others who are farther away from the buffet table, eat your food slowly, and stop when you feel satisfied, not stuffed. Remember what the day is really about. An opportunity to count your blessings and enjoy your loved ones.


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A team of students from the Oregon Tech Geomatics Department took second place in the annual National Society of Professional Land Surveyors Student Competition this April. The National Society of Professional Surveyors (NSPS) held its 14th Annual Student Competition in conjunction with the California Land Surveyors Association (CLSA)/Nevada Association of Land Surveyors (NALS) joint conference in San Diego, California on April 12-16, 2014. 12 schools with baccalaureate degree programs in surveying, surveying engineering technology, and/or surveying engineering participated.
First Place: Southern Polytechnic State University
Second Place: Oregon Institute of Technology- Klamath Falls, Oregon
Third Place: Fresno State University
Honorable Mentions: Penn State, New Mexico State, Michigan Tech, Utah Valley University, and New Jersey Institute of Technology.
The topic for the 2014 competition was ALTA/ACSM Land Title Surveys and consisted of a Project, Project Binder (Project Documentation), Map, and Oral Presentation. The purpose for this four-pronged approach is to provide students with an opportunity to hone their skills in organizing and presenting a project using the various mediums (Documentation, Map, and Oral Presentation) regularly utilized in surveying practice.
The Oregon Tech team was led by Josie Campbell, a senior from Portola, CA. Orlando Aquino and Steve Randall, seniors from Klamath Falls; Tim Brown, junior from Vernonia, OR; Arlo Kneeland-MacDonald, junior from McMinnville, OR; Wesley Inman, junior from Red Bluff, CA; and Tyler Puzey, sophomore from Clatskaine, OR made up the rest of the team.
The Oregon Tech team prepared a survey of the Amerititle office in Medford for this competition. The team was responsible for the legal research, field surveying, mapping, documentation and final presentation. Once the first draft of the map was completed, the team sent their map out to 15 professionals around the country including Professional Surveyors and Real Estate Professionals, including attorneys and paralegals that work with these surveys for their comments. These valuable comments were added to the final project that was submitted to NSPS.
For more information, visit www.oit.edu/academics/degrees/geomatics.
About Oregon Tech Geomatics
At Oregon Tech, the study of geomatics combines theory, problem-solving and field work in a computer-intensive curriculum that prepares students for employment and licensure as Professional Land Surveyors. A shortage of trained personnel makes the employment forecast for geomatics graduates exceptional.
Oregon Tech's geomatics program is accredited by the Applied Science Accreditation Commission of the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET), 111 Market Place, Suite 1050, Baltimore, Md. 21202-4012.
About National Society of Professional Surveyors (NSPS)
NSPS is the national organization representing the Land Surveying profession in the United States and has among its aims and objectives: Advancing the sciences and disciplines within the profession; supporting new practical methods of surveying; promoting public faith and confidence in the profession; encouraging high standards of ethical and professional behavior, and seeking improvements in higher education curricula for surveyors.


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MEDLEY, Fla. – A South Florida man began his stay locked in a cage at Miami-Dade Animal Services to draw attention and support for an initiative that's on the Nov. 6 ballot in Miami-Dade County.
Michael Rosenberg, the President of The Pets' Trust, was booked into the animal shelter at 2 p.m. Friday as a 5-year-old male coyote. Then, Rosenberg was led to his home for the next three days and two nights -- a small space at the end of a row of chain link cages.
PHOTOS: Michael Rosenberg begins stay in cage
RELATED ARTICLE: Weekend in a cage
"At least I know on Sunday, I come out. The animals have no idea what's happening," said Rosenberg.
Rosenberg's mission is to encourage people to adopt one of the 400 animals housed in the shelter and to bring awareness to the plight of those that end up here. Nearly 20,000 are euthanized each year.
"We need to stop that. We've been doing it for decades, 60 to 70 every single day, never changes, for decades," said Rosenberg.
Adopting a pet at Miami-Dade Animal Services
The question on creating a Pets' Trust will be on a nonbinding straw ballot Nov. 6, but if voters say yes, then the County Commission would likely approve it. It would come with a slight increase in property taxes, about $20 a year on average, to support a program they say will make it easier to people to adopt these pets.
"We have a severe overpopulation in Miami-Dade County and Pets' Trust is trying to address this by implementing very low cost and free high volume spay neuter program," said Lindsay Gorton, the treasurer for the Pets' Trust.
It didn't take long for Rosenberg to get settled, and he hopes by Sunday, he'll be all alone.
"Hopefully, after they see this presentation, they will come here on Saturday and Sunday and adopt and adopt and adopt," said Rosenberg. "Let's get these animals out of here."
Local 10 will follow the developments live on the news Saturday morning. On Sunday, Rosenberg will be a guest on This Week in South Florida with Michael Putney.
For more information on this weekend's event and to find out how you can adopt a pet this weekend, click here.


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Patti Anderson
Supplements Editor
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Facebook is the largest gaming platform in the world. Facebook was created to provide a way to meet members of the opposite sex.
So forget poking ... FB has graduated to straight-up cyber-breeding, according to SocialTimes.com.
A new game called Incrediland has been created by an academic who was studying dolphin behavior in Hawaii (man, that sounds like a pick-up line, right?). Yuval Amir designed three characters that reflect certain dolphin characteristics: the Zorg, the Gambi and the Boon.
Users buy eggs and then trade with friends to attain the best genetic mixes.
Bang, you're breeding.
There is a genetic calculator
that simply reeks of a Gattaca-type world that shows users what the egg will grow up to look like and its dominant characteristics. So there is some educational value here, just not Gregor Mendel-level stuff.
As the reviewer, Megan O'Neill of SocialTimes.com, wrote:
After all, breeding with an "Incredi Friend" robot is fun, but breeding with your real friends is surely a whole lot better. So when you hop on the boat to Incrediland be sure take a couple of friends with you for breeding."
And that goes for Incrediland and spring break.