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An Introduction to Compiler Design - Part I - Lexical Analysis
A. Requirements and Resources
Knowledge in the following topics will be helpful: procedural programming, regular expressions, recursion, finite-state machines, simple data structures, and assembly language. You don't have to be completely acquainted with these topics to get a feel for what's going on. Most of what's discussed here would be covered in an undergraduate course in compiler theory. At the very least, you as a programmer, can get an understanding of how regular expressions are implemented, how to generate assembler code from its high-level equivalents, and how applied graph theory can be used to optimize the runtime of your programs. You'll certainly get some direction as to how to build a compiler from scratch with minimal effort. As an undergraduate, graduate, or prospective computer science student, you'll see why it's necessary that you take the typical core classes in your program and how they'll support you in the latter years of your education if you decide to take a course in compiler theory. Compiler theory has by far been the one most rewarding and intriguing subjects I've studied. It's one step in bridging the gap of knowing how computation is done on all levels; the other is computer architecture.
This tutorial was adapted from Modern Compiler Implementation in (C or Java) and Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools (aka "The Dragon book"). Older editions can be had for just a few dollars on Amazon. Wikipedia has a very good entry on this subject as well.
B. Introduction
A few decades ago, programmers imagined the day they didn't have to write cryptic code that interfaced so closely with hardware. That day came and the notion of a "high-level language" was born. A high-level language is one that is human readable. It has abstracted (hid) the details of the internal workings of the computer away from the programmer. Examples of HLL's are C/C++/C#, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby, VB.NET/Basic, Python, Scheme, and the list goes on.
An HLL can be implemented in two ways: via interpretation and via compilation. Interpretation is beyond the scope of this tutorial, but there are many principles in Compiler Theory that apply to interpretation. I can't think of how many times I've heard the question: "How can I design my own language?" You build a compiler. A compiler is a software tool responsible for transforming code written in a HLL to code in a low-level language, usually referred to as "assembly."
Designing a compiler can be a daunting task, but it doesn't have to be. Rome wasn't built in a day, and neither was C++. Many simple compilers are built for proprietary low-level languages that are used in embedded software, for example. In this tutorial, I will walk you through the six phases of compiler design: lexical analysis, parsing (or "syntactical analysis"), syntax-directed translation, semantic analysis, optimization, and code generation. The first three phases compose what is known as the "front end" of the compiler and the last two compose what is known as the "back end." All example code snippets will be done in Java and all concepts will be explained using an object-oriented approach.
C. Lexical analysis
The word "lexical" is related to the term "lexeme": an abstract unit of morphological analysis in linguistics. Lexical analysis or "tokenization" is the process of breaking a character stream into individual units called "tokens." Tokens are strings that represent a category of symbols. For those of you familiar with Java, you know of the legacy class, StringTokenizer, that is used with a regular expression to break up a string into units returned in a String array. A "lexer" or "scanner" is a software tool used by the compiler to tokenize source code. Tokenization is realized through pattern matching. Lets look at an example. Suppose I have the following class declaration:
public class Integer { int value; }
The "parser," another software tool used by the compiler, contains an instance of a lexer that exposes a method nextToken. Whenever the parser invokes this method, the lexer returns the next token in the source code to the parser. What's done with the token is left to the parser. Lexing is usually a sub-phase of parsing. Consecutive calls to nextToken produce the following sequence of return values:
PUBLIC CLASS ID("Integer") LCURLY INT ID("value") SEMICOLON RCURLY
That's the full responsibility of the lexer. The lexer's pattern matching engine uses a set of regular expressions to match a set of known tokens, so it's a little more complicated than just splitting the text on white space. String literals wouldn't be processed correctly since they can contain white space.
- Lexer Generators: Do it the Easy Way!
A "lexer generator" or "lexer compiler" generates a lexer according to some specification. Several lexer generators exist, two are GNU Flex (C/C++) and JLex (Java). Both are very easy to use; both require a specification file that contains regular expression rules. A rule consists of a regular expression to determine which token to attempt to match and an action which creates a class object Symbol, to be returned from calls to nextToken. Symbol represents an abstract category of all tokens. Encompassed in each Symbol returned is an instance that represents the category of token matched. That instance may be TokenVal (all keyword matches return this), IdTokenVal, StrTokenVal, or IntTokenVal. Lets take a look at the contents of a JLex specification file.
class IdTokenVal extends TokenVal { String idVal; IdTokenVal(int l, int c, String idVal) { super(l, c); this.idVal = idVal; } }
This is how the identifier token is represented as a class object. Just to reiterate, an identifier is the name of a variable, class, or method. In the code above, l is the line number and c is the character number at which the identifier is located; idVal is the actual identifier value. You can see how compilers are intelligent enough to tell you where syntax errors occur.
ID = [_a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*
This is the Perl-style regular expression that's fed to the pattern matching engine to match an identifier. Just like in Java, identifiers can start with underscores, contain digits, and mixes of upper and lower case letters. Matching tokens like { and public don't require complex regular expressions, but they do require actions. Identifiers, string literals, integer literals, and white space require more complex regular expressions because they can vary greatly.
A few more regular expressions:
If none of the declared regular expressions in the specification file match the input, the lexer throws an error and compilation is halted. And lastly, you have the action.
{ID} { String val = yytext(); Symbol S = new Symbol( sym.ID, new IdTokenVal(yyline+1, CharNum.num, val) ); CharNum.num += yytext().length(); return S; }
This is the java code that runs when a match is made. Yytext returns the actual string token. S is the Symbol instance returned to the parser after a call to nextToken. Notice that Symbol encompasses IdTokenVal. While calling nextToken, the parser is only concerned with the type of token that nextToken returns. It uses that type to conduct syntactical analysis, which will be explained in part II. In this action the type is sym.ID. If you'll notice above, ID("Integer") is apart of the tokenized collection. The instance of IdTokenVal becomes important later when the parse tree is processed and the symbol table is built. The parser will stop collecting tokens when it sees sym.EOF.
A few more actions:
JLex will take this specification file and generate a Java class that contains the exact classes and actions declared in the specification and the rest of the lexing logic necessary for it to work. It will also plug your regular expressions into the appropriate places. Much of the specification is the same logic repeated over and over. Learning how to write a specification takes a fraction of the time it would take to learn and code a complex lexer implementation.
At this point in the tutorial, you're now equipped with enough knowledge to create a fully functioning lexer for any language. Here's a snippet of source code from a Java-like (procedural) language called SIMPLE that is tokenized from the the JLex specification snippets I showed you.
- Pattern Matcher Modeling with Finite-State Machines
Let me start off by noting that JLex is probably build atop Java's regular expression engine. But, since I told you that this tutorial will give you pointers on designing a compiler from scratch, we need to cover all bases. So how would one go about implementing a pattern matcher? Finite-state automata or "finite-state machines" can be used to model any computer program or (logic circuit). An FSM consists of states and transitions. It operates over an input, which in this case, is a character stream. Each character is examined, and it determines the next state that the FSM enters. At the end of the input, the FSM is either in an accept or non-accept state. By the way, FSMs are a restricted type of Turing machine.
For our purposes, if the FSM is in an accept state, we've matched a known token, otherwise the match failed. There are several accept states, each of which correspond to a known token. Below is an FSM (designed in JFLAP) that matches the keywords public, class, static and an identifier created from one or more instances of the characters a, b, and c. The yellow circles represent states. The white arrow points to the start state, and the concentric circles represent final states. The lines connecting states are transitions. Notice the input characters above the transition lines.
The circular portion of the FSM was generated via the regular expression (a+b+c)(a+b+c)*, a JFLAP-specific expression. You can test the FSM with input to make sure the pattern matcher is correct.
- FSM Implementation with Transition Tables
Lastly, we have to implement the FSM. It can be represented by a transition table, which lends itself nicely to a 2d array. Each state is mapped to another state that it can transition to based on the input character. The following table is a partial transition table generated from the FSM above.
State | InputSymbol | p s u (lambda) ... ------------------------------- q0 (start) | q20 q26 - q2 q2 | - - - {q8,q10,q12} q20 | - - q21 - q25 (accept)| - - - - q31 (accept)| - - - -
Unfortunately, non-deterministic finite-state machines (the above FSM is an NFA) aren't easily translated into transition tables; however, deterministic finite-state machines are easily translated. An NFA can be transformed into a DFA by applying the Subset Construction algorithm. An NFA is an FSM whose states can transition on lambda, the "empty string," and it's transitions aren't uniquely identified. So, you can transition to two different states on the same input symbol. Very confusing, I know! You can see all the lambda transitions in the circular portion of the FSM above. A DFA has one and only one transition from each state for a particular input and no transition on lambdas. The portions of the FSM above that match public, static, and class are DFAs. Earlier, I mentioned that JFLAP generated the NFA; alternatively, I can use Thompson's Algorithm to generate an NFA from a regular expression. Once you have the DFA, generating the transition table is a piece of cake. Note that Subset Construction and Thompson's algorithm can be implemented programmatically operating on node-based directed graphs.
Here's an NFA for something more common: the regular expression a( a|b )*a. This was constructed using Thompson's algorithm. It's not intuitive in the least bit.
And, here's the corresponding DFA, constructed with Subset Construction. Now this is understandable.
The transition table is represented as an adjacency matrix in the code, where the matrix is indexed by states and input characters. I can then walk through the states, examining the input character-by-character until I reach a point where I can no longer transition. That point is some character that the current state has no transition for. If I end in a final state, I return the token associated with that state to the caller of nextToken, otherwise, I try to match another token (that is, process another transition table).
Note that there are multiple transition tables. You have one for identifiers, one for integer literals, one for string literals, and one for white space. You also have a large FSM and corresponding transition table for matching all of the language's keywords. You could add states and transitions to the very first FSM displayed above for the tokens: static, void, String, int, private, ...
D. Part I Conclusion
Just to recap the second half of part I, we begin with a regular expression to indicate a token that can be matched. The expression (a Java string) is turned into an NFA (a graph data structure) using Thompson's algorithm (a coded algorithm). It then turns the NFA into a DFA using Subset Construction (which is also a coded algorithm). And finally, it turns the DFA into a 2d array representing the transition table. The transition table is then run through while processing input characters to see if we end in a final state, which indicates a match has occurred for that token.
In practice, issues arise that are not handled so easily: minimizing the number of states in the DFA, implementing look-ahead, and developing efficient data structures. In Subset Construction, an NFA with n nodes can produce a DFA with 2n nodes. That's very inefficient, but normally acceptable for relatively small NFAs. Lexers run in linear time where n is the length of the input string.
Pattern matching is everywhere. It's used in search-and-replace functions in text editors. It's used in the ever-so-useful grep utility. It's even been used in microchip production to find imperfections in printed circuits (that is really cool!). And of course, we as programmers, use it every day to make our software work. Its applications are limitless.
Thanks for reading! Stay tuned for part II on parsing.
This post has been edited by blackcompe: 25 September 2014 - 03:30 AM


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be (not) as black as (someone or something) is painted(redirected from be (not) as black as (someone/something) is painted)
be (not) as black as (someone or something) is painted
To be as bad or unpleasant as someone or something is rumored to be. This phrase is often used in the negative to convey the opposite. That class is as black as it is painted—I've never had so much homework in my life! Mr. Stewart may yell a lot, but he's not as black as he is painted—he's actually helped me carry my groceries many times.

subset: commoncrawl


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Minn. man found passed out on Wis. Capitol roof
Man is facing criminal charges
MADISON, Wis. — Police said a Minnesota man who broke into the Wisconsin Capitol through a first-floor window and was found unconscious on the roof is now facing criminal charges.
The Wisconsin Department of Administration said 21-year-old Andrew Bishop smashed a window Sunday to get into the Capitol. Authorities said the Roseville, Minn., man then grabbed a fire extinguisher and threw it through another window.
Police found Bishop passed out on the fourth-floor rooftop just below the dome's observation deck. A criminal complaint said an officer described Bishop as very drunk and ultimately apologetic.
Bishop is charged in Dane County with felony criminal damage and entry into a locked building, a misdemeanor.
He was in jail on a $1,000 bond Wednesday and doesn't yet have an attorney. He's due in court next week.


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Film Comment's Essential Cinema: "Nebraska"
Posted by Erik Luers on 12.23.2013
The man who raised hell with Peter Fonda and Jack Nicholson in the 1960s is back. Nebraska, the latest film from director Alexander Payne (Election, About Schmidt, Sideways, The Descendants), premiered at the 66th Cannes Film Festival in May to positive press and a Best Actor award for Bruce Dern, its leading man. It went on to screen in the Main Slate at this year's New York Film Festival. Praised for his performance as an elderly father who takes a cross-country trip to claim a cash prize he believes he's won, Dern has received awards (National Board of Review and Los Angeles Film Critics Association prizes for Best Actor) and nominations (Golden Globes and Screen Actors Guild) for his turn here. June Squibb, the character actress who plays his wife, has also been the subject of much adoration.
A notable entry in Film Comment's Essential Cinema year-end supplement (included with the publication's November/ December issue), Nebraska is the topic of much critical consideration. Writing for the magazine, Larry Gross contextualized Nebraska's rightful place within Payne's body of work.
Payne's first four films were all character, acting, and dialogue. The Descendants marked a big leap in visual sophistication. To lapse into critical cliché: the landscape of Hawaii became a protagonist. But the staging was also more flexible and fluid, and it was an exciting film to watch.
Nebraska is the first film by Payne that is visually ravishing. However character-centered it is, audiences will also come away remembering many magnificent images: Woody roaming the desolate highwayside, the depleted main street of Hawthorne, the ruined farmhouse.
A Film of the Week pick, Jonathan Romney discussed the film's visual pallatte in a review earlier this year for Film Comment.
All of this adds up to an immensely satisfying adult comedy and one of Payne's best. The film's additional claim to distinction is Phedon Papamichael's superb black-and-white photography (digital, although you wouldn't know it). The camera contrives to distill the film into essentially a series of majestically lugubrious stills, in the spirit of a journey essentially defined by stasis rather than motion. Nebraska also comes laden with echoes of cinema's color-era black-and-white landscape tradition—The Last Picture Show most obviously, not to mention Wenders' Kings of the Road, which was nothing if not a search for America in the middle of Germany.
Nebraska is currently playing in select cities throughout the country. Be sure to check back on Wednesday for another selection from Film Comment's Essential Cinema 2013. And if year-end lists and rankings are your thing, the magazine has something for you as well.blog comments powered by Disqus


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Robyn Stuhr has been named executive vice president at the American Council on Exercise (ACE). Stuhr will be responsible for the development and management of overall programming and services of ACE. Previously, she served as the program director for the Center for Sports Medicine, Saint Francis Memorial Hospital in Corte Madera, CA.
Healthy Inspirations, an international weight loss and lifestyles franchise, named Precor as its Vendor of the Year and awarded its St. Petersburg, FL, location with Center of the Year during the Healthy Inspirations retreat last month at the Club Industry show in Chicago.
More than 500 Trumbell County YMCA members and community residents tracked their number of steps taken during the last week of September as part of the national America on the Move Week. The Y in Warren, OH, exceeded its goal of 5 million steps by logging more than 6.8 million steps over the course of the week.
CheckFree Corp., Houston, made a financial donation to Volunteer Houston Bay Area's annual benefit, A Visit From Saint Nicholas. Supporting Houston and Bay Area youth for 19 years, the charitable project provides a backpack filled with books and toys to more than 12,000 disadvantaged children in the greater Houston area.
The third annual World Aquatic Health™ Conference in September in Austin, TX, drew 310 registrants from 38 states and three countries, participating in 35 seminars. Of the registrants, 97 attended the Web conference seminars, and 213 attended the live conference in person.
Les Mills International added BODYVIVE, a low-impact, 55-minute class incorporating aerobic exercise for heart fitness, resistance work for strength and stability, and stretching and mobility work. The class is targeted to active adult gym members in their 40s, 50s and 60s, group exercise beginners, and anyone looking for a low-impact class.
Thomas Baechle, the executive director of the National Strength and Conditioning Association Certification Commission, will retire from his position effective July 15, 2007. Baechle served in the role since the NSCA's inception in 1992.


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- Belvedere Hotel ****
- Отель
- Предложения и пакеты
- Номера
- Spa
- Гастрономия
- Галерея
- Где Нас Найти
- Контакт
Accommodation Rules
1. Each accommodated person is obliged to check-in at the hotel reception and identify himself
/ herself in a credible way introducing at least his / her surname, first name, home address, date
of birth, nationality, a number of an identity card or passport and signature. A client who is in
need of an entry visa for entering the Czech Republic has to prove the validity of the visa. In the
case of not providing all the necessary information the hotel may not accommodate the guest
regardless the reservation and its cancellation policy.
2. An accommodated guest is obliged to pay the price of the reservation and all provided
services latest on the departure date. The clients arriving via a travel agency have to submit a
valid voucher issued by the travel agency.
3. The accommodation and other provided services the guest has to pay at the arrival day cash
or by credit card. When the guest arrives the reception takes a pre-authorization of some money
on the guest credit (debit) card. This pre-authorisation serves as a guarantee of payment of
extra services used by the guest during the stay in the hotel. After payment of all extra charges
on the guest bill this pre-authorization will be cancelled latest at the departure date. Payment via
invoice is possible only if official order is done before arrival and deposit is paid in advance.
4. Persons with contagious diseases or with a suspicion of such an illness cannot be
accommodated in the hotel, as well as persons under the influence of drugs and / or alcohol.
5. Accommodated guests are obliged to adhere to general legal rules and to act in accordance
with good manners.
6. If there is no special agreement the room is provided from 15:00 on the arrival day until 12:00
on the departure day.
7. Services of the reception department are available continuously all day and night at
telephone hotel number 100.
8. Entering and leaving the building of the hotel is possible all day and night for the hotel guests.
9. It is necessary to keep the peace at night in the hotel and its surroundings between 22:00 and
6:00. This is also the time when it is forbidden for guests to take any person to the room if this
person is not a registered guest on the reception.
10. Making fire and handling with an open fire is forbidden in all areas of the hotel. Each guest is
obliged to follow all safety regulations and fire-stopping instructions.
11. For safety reasons it is not allowed to leave the children under 12 without supervision of an
adult person either in the room or in other areas of the hotel. The parents are responsible for the
safety of their children inside the hotel as well as in its surroundings.
12. The presence of dogs in the hotel has to be approved by the reception or reservation
department. Keeping the dog in the hotel room overnight is charged according to the valid
13. In the room, it is not permitted to use own electrical appliances, for example electric kettles.
Only electric shavers, curling irons and battery chargers are allowed to be used in the room.
The guest is liable for using these and is liable for any damage caused by such appliances.
14. Smoking is strictly forbidden in the whole hotel area. The violation of the ban of smoking will
be penalized by 500 Euro fine because of necessity of the special cleaning.
15. All valuables like jewels, watches, money etc. have to be deposited either in the room safe.
The hotel is not liable for any loss of valuables not deposited in the room safe. Valuables stored
in the safe are covered by insurance for the maximum amount of 50 000 CZK.
16. The guests are fully liable for any damages they cause to the hotel property.
17. In reasoned cases after consideration with the guest the hotel may offer the guest another
accommodation than originally ordered. In this case the hotel always consider the new offer not
to be much different than the confirmed
18. Each guest is obliged to follow these accommodation rules. In case of a serious violation of
the rules by the guest the management company of the hotel has the authority to cancel the
contractual relation with the guest without any compensation for him / her.
19. Any guest complaints or suggestions to potential improvement of services is received by the
reception department or the hotel management at any time.
Complaints procedures:
1. These complaints procedures are setting the process of applying official claims for
compensations in case some faults or errors are found on services or products provided by
Hotel Belvedere (from now on as "Hotel") managed by C.M.INVESTMENT, spol. s.r.o., Address:
U dubu 691/48, 147 00 Praha 4 .
2. If customer finds a fault on provided product or service a right to claim a reclamation on given
product/service arrises.
3. Reclamation is needed to be claimed without further unnecessary delays so that there is no
chance that some problem with proving the fault appears.
4. Reclamation is claimed in written form or verbally on the Hotel reception. In case of a verbal
claim a Reclamation form is filled out with authorized personnel of the Hotel. Authorized
personnel is a manager of the Hotel which has a daily duty in the moment the claim is
submitted. Only in case a manager is not present it is possible to fill out the form with the Hotel
Receptionist. Reclamation form is completed in two copies, one for the Hotel and the second for
the customer.
5. Based on the reclamation form it will be decided at best right away or up to 3 days about the
settlement of the claim. The longest possible time to settle the reclamation is 30 days.
6. In case a justified reclamation is acknowledged a Hotel provides a removal of faults at no cost
or substitute service is provided so that everything is according to original order. In case this is
not possible an adequate compensation for product or service is applied.
7. Information about compensation is filled into the Reclamation form drafted by an authorized
personnel of the Hotel.
Consumer protection:
Prior to the conclusion of the accommodation contract, we are herewith providing you with all
the mandatory information pursuant to provisions § 1811 and § 1820 of the Act No. 89/2012
Coll., Civil Code, as amended (hereinafter referred to as "Civil Code"). Hotel Belvedere, as the
accommodation provider, is providing the accommodated guests with the following pieces of
a) accommodation provider´s identity and contact data: C.M.INVESTMENT, spol. s.r.o., IČ:
61683141, based At: U dubu 691/48, Braník, 147 00 Praha 4, DIČ CZ61683141 , a company
entered in the Companies Register held with City Court in Prague, Section C, file 37471,
electronic mail address: firstname.lastname@example.com , telephone number: +420 354 60 11 00 ;
b) accommodation provider´s main subject of enterprise: rendition of accommodation services;
c) specification of the services: the accommodation provider arranges for accommodation and
for services related to accommodation on behalf of the accommodated guests subject to the
terms and conditions stipulated in a written accommodation contract;
d) price of the provided service: the total price of the services rendered is _______ This price
includes any and all additional taxes and charges;
e) method of payment and method of performance: the accommodated guest shall provide all
payments agreed in the accommodation contract in cash or through a noncash transaction
crediting the accommodation provider's bank account whose number and variable symbol will
be communicated to the accommodated guest by the accommodation provider in writing;
f) cost of remote communication: the costs associated with any means of remote communication
shall be determined by the entities providing services employing such remote communication
means and these costs shall not differ from their standard rates;
g) data concerning the existence, methods and conditions governing out-of-court settlements of
consumer complaints, inclusive of the information on whether it is possible to seek assistance
from a supervisory body: The accommodated guest shall have the right to file a motion for
out-of-court settlement of the dispute with the designated entity in charge of out-of-court
consumer dispute settlements, which is:
The Czech Trade Inspection Authority (CTIA)
Central Inspectorate – ADR Department
Štěpánská 15
120 00 Praha 2
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Web: https://adr.coi.cz
The Czech Trade Inspection Authority is a supervisory body monitoring consumer protection,
acting in pursuance of Act No. 64/1986 Coll., The Czech Trade Inspection Authority Act as
amended, and additional legal regulations. The Czech Trade Inspection Authority´s website is
h) In conformity with the provision § 1837 item j) of Civil Code, no right of withdrawal from the
accommodation contract shall arise for the accommodated persons as consumers as long as
the accommodation facility provides the contractual performances within the designated
i) identification of the European Union member state or member states whose legal regulations
will be governing the relationship between the accommodated guest and the accommodation
provider which has been established through the accommodation contract: Czech Republic.
j) information concerning the language to be used by the accommodated guest in negotiating
with the accommodation provider along the contract duration and in which the contract terms
and conditions and additional data will be communicated to the accommodated guests: Czech
Best available rate prices and prices of all other services are available at the reception or on the
hotel web pages www.hotel-belvedere.cz
Legal relationships expressly untreated by these accommodation rules are driven by laws,
regulations and government orders published in the Collection of Laws of the Czech Republic.
Last edit: 01.02.2018
Michal Bartoš
Hotel Director
Hotel Belvedere Mariánské Lázně


text:
The life of a UFC fighter is fraught with danger; we can't imagine an inadvertent flying kick to the throat ending well. But usually their managers are pretty safe from such attacks.
But UFC fighter Randy Couture's manager survived an attack of a different sort when he narrowly escaped being burned by his BMW X6M. Sam Spira, who was driving with his daughter in the passenger seat, heard a loud knock before the engine warning lights came on and the car burst into flames.
Spira managed to pull himself and his daughter out through the driver's side door before the car exploded. He suffered burns during the escape, later observing that if he had been driving on the freeway, both he and his daughter could have been killed.
Spira said BMW has yet to investigate the fire, and hasn't responded to his phone calls and emails. We reached out to BMW for comment.
UPDATE - Friday, Nov. 16: BMW got back to us, and here's what they said about Spira's car fire:
The BMW Group is thankful that Mr. Spira and his daughter escaped serious harm in the unfortunate vehicle fire reported by TMZ on November 16th. BMW of North America has been in touch with the customer since November 9th and has been collecting information about the circumstances of the incident. BMW is eager to send engineers to inspect the customer's vehicle. That investigation has been scheduled with the customer's insurance company to take place later this month.
Photo credit: TMZ


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Steep slope industrial roofing ranges from standing seam metal panels to asphalt shingles and anything in between. Since steep slope industrial roofs are often visible, their design will provide character and personality. Wesco Industrial Roofing experts will offer you a wide variety of designs and options that will meet your functional, aesthetic, and budgetary needs.
Sometimes, nature can damage your property when you least expect it. Wesco Industrial Roofing company has trained and experienced teams who are readily available to handle any emergency industrial roofing issue that may occur when you least expect them. If your roof has been damaged by natural calamities, our team can quickly detect the source of the leaks and carry out the necessary repairs or perform a roof replacement if your roof is beyond repair. Wind, hail, or other storm damage, we can help!
We also install insulated roof sheeting that reduces temperature levels, especially in large storage facilities and warehouses. Installing an insulated roof system lowers production costs by reducing the overall energy costs.
A leaking roof can bring about losses in an industrial setup, including damaging goods, halting or slowing down production, and even damage the walls and floors of the building. This is why you need preventative roof maintenance, which ensures your roof is in mint condition, thus keeping your business running smoothly. At Wesco Industrial Roofing Pros, we do customize, detailed inspections that identify potential weaknesses in your roof and offer effective solutions to your industrial roof problems.
Apart from our roofing skills, the team at Wesco Industrial Roofing Pros also installs roof lights, skylights, and roof windows. Roof lights are an excellent source of ventilation and light. We have suitable lights for new buildings, loft spaces, new building extensions, and even warehouse.
Our able team from Wesco Industrial Roofing Pros has the skills and expertise needed to perform a wide range of industrial guttering tasks, including the gutter installations, gutter repairs and replacement, gutter lining and industrial gutter maintenance service. Don't hesitate to contact us in case of any industrial guttering needs.
All employees at Wesco Industrial Roofing are skilled tradesmen who are fully trained and certified as industrial roofing experts. We offer free quotations on all our services, and we have a quality assurance system that ensured that all safety and quality regulations are followed to the latter.
Our company has also maintained up a good reputation by offering our clients reliable and professional industrial roofing services. Moreover, we over high-quality materials and services at competitive prices. Before embarking on any project, our surveyors will visit your site and offer free customized estimates after assessing your needs and requirements. At Wesco Industrial Roofing Pros, no project is too small or big.
I am the proud owner of ARS Restorations - and OUR primary mission is to provide an exceptional experience for our clients. With over 20 years of experience in commercial roofing, we have helped 100's of building owners with both small and extremely complex projects. We specialize in roof restoration, with an expert team of installers that has made us the "Go To" roof restoration contractor in the state of Missouri.
We emphasize creating a positive atmosphere built on INTEGRITY, RESPECT, COMMITMENT, HONOR, COMPASSION & APPRECIATION.
We understand your commercial roof is one of your most valuable investments. That's why we only believe in using quality materials, meticulous craftsmanship, white-glove communication and hands-on leadership. You can take peace of mind in knowing that you have a contractor that has the expertise and know-how to get the job done right the FIRST time."
~Ashton Withington
NOTE:Your thorough roof inspection will include (drone and IR camera used as needed): photographs, detailed written assessment, potential storm damage discovered, and an easy-to-understand discussion of cost-effective repair or replacement solutions
Up to 50% Cheaper Than A Full Roof Replacement
Restoring your roof with a roof coating can save you up to 50%
Save on labor costs without having to remove your previous roof!
A roof coating can be applied over top of your current roof!
Federal tax rebates & tax credits
Roof coatings can potentially earn you a federal tax credit
Lower your utility bills
Roof coatings are engineered with reflective properties to 'reflect' heat from your building, meaning that it can help keep your building cooler without having cold air escaping during the hotter months! These savings can add up!
Made for the elements
Roof coatings are designed to hold up to Mother Nature. What does this mean for you? The more durable your roof is, the less you have to worry about your roof leaking & having to consistently repair your roof after each significant storm.
How long does it take to replace a commercial roof?
The answer of how long it will take to install your new commercial roof depends on a handful of actors. One of the largest factors is the size of your roof. The larger your roof, the more materials and labor will be required for your replacement, thus requiring a longer installation timeline. Another factor is the type of roof that you have. Does your commercial roof have multiple layers that have to be removed? Other factors are also important, such as what material are you replacing your roof with, what is the scope of the project, etc. Weather is also a factor as sometimes a roof replacement has to be pushed back if inclement weather or rain could impact the roof installation process.
What is the lifespan for a commercial roof?
The lifespan of your new commercial roof can depend on the type of roofing system and material that you have installed. Your roof's lifecycle can also be heavily influenced by local climate and weather. For instance, if several years after your roof is installed there is a massive hail storm, or a hurricane, this can significantly weaken or damage your commercial roof. Other factors also influence the life of your roof, such as the roofing contractor's craftsmanship, and whether or not they adhere to all proper code regulations and manufacturer specifications. Certain roof coatings can have a warranty up to 20-years!
How do I know when it is time to replace my commercial roof?
Not all roofs need to be replaced. Your roof may be a candidate for roof restoration via roof coatings, or roof repairs. However, if your roof is aging, and breaking down from wear and tear, then it may need to be fully replaced. The older a roof ages, it becomes vulnerable to future storm damage. If our technicians are not confident that a roof repair will extend the life of your roof for a reasonable length of time, a full roof replacement may be the only option.
I think I may have storm damage, what should I do?
Our technicians are specialists in identifying flat roof storm damage from both wind and hail damage. Our reps can help you diagnose if those pesky leaks coming into your building are stemming from storm damage, or age. If your roof is suffering from storm damage, we can help pin-point where those leaks are coming from & discuss your options with you if an insurance claim may make sense depending on the extent of the damage.
What should I be looking for in a commercial roofing company?
Your commercial roof is a complex system. It is a valuable investment, and you want a contractor you can rely on. There's a few important things to take into consideration: do they have glowing customer references that can vouch for their work, how much experience do they have in the Missouri market, what warranty do they offer, what is the price of their bid, what is the quality of the materials proposed. All of these points should be factored together. While price is a very large point of consideration when hiring a contractor, price should not be the only consideration. The cheapest option may not be the best option, and long-term could end up being the most expensive option if the roof is improperly installed. Quality and reliability of the contractor should be heavily weighed.
Should I restore or replace my commercial roof?
Not every single low slope, metal roof or commercial flat roof is going to require a full roof replacement - and at the same time, not every commercial roof is going to be a candidate for roof restoration. It can be case by case. Roof coatings can provide tremendous financial savings when compared to a traditional full roof replacement. A roof coating can extend the life of your existing roof without needing to tear off your existing roof, and is much less disruptive. Roof coatings can provide superior waterproofing, financial savings, and even tax credits. After completing a thorough roof inspection, we can discuss whether your roof is a candidate for roof coatings.


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"You have to watch balance," said Lisa Hills, buyer for The Wardrobein Springfield, Ill. The pieces of jewelry worn together should complement each other in style and size, and they also should match the size of the wearer.
Selecting jewelry to enhance an outfit can be tricky. Gold or silver? Simple or ornate? Petite or look-at-me chunky?
"You have to watch balance," said Lisa Hills, buyer for The Wardrobein Springfield, Ill. The pieces of jewelry worn together should complement each other in style and size, and they also should match the size of the wearer.
"If you're a smaller person, you need to scale down the size. That doesn't mean you can't wear the trend, but it has to be in scale," Hills said. Conversely, a larger woman can get away with bold rings and chunky medallions and chains.
In general, wear one "statement piece." Additional jewelry should "back that up," Hills said.
Advice from Hills on current trends:
More things to think about
Mixed metals — pieces that include gold, silver and maybe copper finishes — are popular now, Hills said. But if you want to stick with one metal, follow this rule of thumb: Silver flatters people with blue undertones in their skin, while gold complements those with yellow undertones or olive skin.
How many pieces of jewelry should you wear at one time? If you're not sure, tone it down.
"If you have embellishments at the neckline, you don't need a necklace. You might go with a big earring," Hills said. The same applies if you're wearing a cross-body handbag or a scarf at the neck.
Jewelry is often personal — bequeathed by ancestors, given as a token of love or purchased by the wearer for special occasions. Mother's rings, birthstone jewelry and charm bracelets with charms reflecting the owner's life are classics. Hills said a customer at her store collects coins during her travels and has them incorporated into necklaces.
"Buy fewer pieces," Hills said, "and make sure you really love the pieces you buy."
Kathryn Rem can be reached at 217-788-1520 or email@example.com.
Selecting jewelryChoose the clothing first, not the jewelry. For an outfit with multiple colors, consider wearing earrings and/or a necklace with gemstones matching just one color. Gold jewelry tends to go well with white and brown fabric, while silver looks best next to black, blue and gray. Outfits that include scarves or shawls are a great excuse to wear a brooch, which serves as the central piece of jewelry for the look. The brooch can be complemented with small stud earrings or a simple bracelet. Long hair worn down looks good with stud earrings and shorter necklaces, while short hair or hair worn up is best matched with dangling earrings and long necklaces. Pearls are simple and elegant. They are appropriate to wear with everything.
— Source: Levi Family Jewelers in Springfield, Ill.


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Jyoti Sahi – Resurrection
THE RESURRECTED BODY. "By virtue of the Creation, and still more of the Incarnation, nothing here below is profane for those who know how to see." Teilhard de Chardin. The transfiguration of Christ on Mount Tabor has assumed since apostolic … Continue reading
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Oblansk (fl. 1994) was a Bulgarian Minister for Magic. He attended the final match of the 1994 Quidditch World Cup. He wore gold-trimmed, black velvet robes and acted as if he did not understand English.
British Minister for Magic Cornelius Fudge introduced him to Harry Potter and asked if he knew about the boy's famous history. Oblansk became excited when he recognised Harry's scar. Fudge introduced the man to the Malfoy family next, attempting to pronounce his surname twice (first as "Oblansk" and then as "Obalonsk"), before giving up and simply calling him the Bulgarian Minister for Magic. Fudge excused his poor introduction by claiming that the Minister couldn't understand anything said in English. However, when the Bulgarian National Quidditch team lost to Ireland, Oblansk sullenly declared, "Vell, ve fought bravely." Fudge was angered to learn that Oblansk really did know English and had only feigned ignorance because he found it extremely amusing to watch his British counterpart try to communicate through gestures.[1]
Behind the scenes
- In Pottermore, the "From the story" entry referring to this individual has the URL referring to the "bulgarian-prime-minister". This seems to have been a mistake, since the entry itself is titled "Bulgarian Minister for Magic", and canon establishes the difference between the office of Minister for Magic and that of Prime Minister. The Prime Minister of Bulgaria at the time the story is set was Lyuben Berov.
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (First appearance)
- Pottermore (Mentioned only)
Notes and references
- ↑ Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire - Chapter 8 (The Quidditch World Cup)


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Furnishings Store Add Nursery Dept.
OCEAN CITY – No longer will expecting parents have to travel far to purchase nursery furniture, as Kendall Home Furnishings of Ocean City has introduced a new nursery department.
Currently, many local residents have to travel over an hour to shop for their baby's furniture. Owner Joe Kendall, who owns and operates Furniture 4 Kids, Inc., a baby and children's store in Frederick, Md., feels this new department was long over due. "The year-round growth on the Eastern Shore has been well documented. I am very excited about our offerings for parents," he said.
The 1,000-square-foot display will include solid wood convertible cribs from top line manufacturers Babys Dream and Cocoon. Nearly all the cribs convert to a toddler bed and a double bed. They are offered in many finishes and colors. Price points for solid wood cribs begin at $349. The nursery department will also offer strollers and car seats from Peg-Perego and Carrera.
CPA Earns New Title
OCEAN CITY – Elizabeth S. Gregory, a CPA financial forensics expert with E.S. Gregory & Associates, LLC, has recently been awarded the Certified in Financial Forensics (CFF) Credential by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). The CFF Credential, established in 2008 by the AICPA, is granted to qualified CPAs with considerable professional experience in financial forensics.
Gregory met the requirements to earn the CFF Credential, which include demonstrating significant business experience in the area of financial forensics as well as completing life-long learning and education activities in the area of financial forensics. The CFF Credential is granted exclusively to CPAs who are members in good standing of the AICPA, which binds them to the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct. CPAs who have earned the CFF Credential must be recertified every three years to maintain their credential.
Gregory has been practicing public accounting for 27 years, of which 25 have been locally in the Ocean City area.
Top Company Producers
BETHANY BEACH, Del. – ResortQuest Real Estate & Seacoast Realty announced July's top producers for all nine locations at a recent sales meeting.
Tammy Hadder and Anna Meiklejohn of the Marketplace at Sea Colony office received top honors for listing volume for the month of July.
Top listing volume awards for individual agents by office are: Jane Baxter for the Bethany Beach office; Wayne Phillips for the Ocean City office; Gail Phelan for the Sea Colony Edgewater office; Hadder & Meiklejohn for the Marketplace at Sea Colony office; Maryhelen Garst for the Bear Trap Dunes office; and Robert Kauffman for the Clarksville office.
Despina Kaneles of the Marketplace at Sea Colony office received top honors for sales volume for the month of July.
Top sales volume awards for individual agents by office are: Rob Arlett for the Bethany Beach office, Phillips for the Ocean City office, Steve Alexander for the Sea Colony Edgewater office; Kaneles for the Marketplace at Sea Colony office; Marc Grimes for the Bear Trap Dunes office; and Linda Quasney for the Bayside office.
Team Timmons of the Bethany Beach office received top honors for listing volume as a team for the month of July
Top listing volume team awards by office are: Team Timmons for the Bethany Beach office (Team Timmons consists of JT Timmons and Andy Timmons); Team Morimoto for the Ocean City office (Team Morimoto consists of Josh Morimoto, Mike Press, Noreen Scalice, Teresa Cooper and John Magathan); Team Winwaik for the Marketplace at Sea Colony office (Team Winwaik consists of Colleen Windrow and Missy Nalewaik); and Team Jen/Anne for the Bayside office (Team Jen/Ann consists of Jen Hughes and Anne Powell).
Team Jen/Ann of the Bayside office received top honors for sales volume by a team for the month of July.
Top sales volume team awards by office are: Team Anne/Jen of the Bayside office; Team Dayna for the Bethany Beach office (Team Dayna consists of Dayna Feher, Kae Quillen, Betsy Hoyle, Tammy Hitchens and Jeff Wolfenbarger); and Team Winwaik for the Marketplace at Sea Colony office.
CBRB Agents Co-Chair Tour
OCEAN CITY – The Art League of Ocean City (ALOC) will be hosting the 4th Annual Sandcastle House Tour on Sept. 18 and 19. Two Coldwell Banker Residential Brokerage sales agents, Katy Durham of the Ocean City 104th Street office and Barbara Melone of the Bethany Beach Sunrise Court office, are chairpersons for the Tour's House Selection Committee.
The tour was started in an effort to raise money for a new ALOC building. When Melone was on the fundraising committee, she suggested having a house tour. The idea was an instant hit and took off quickly. The committee worked hand-in-hand with a group of volunteers from Bethany Beach's South Coastal Library who organize an annual house tour in the Bethany-Fenwick area. The group provided details on how to operate a successful tour and in the first two years the ALOC exceeded their expectations. The third year the tour was moved from May to September and ticket sales tripled, selling out at 1,200 tickets.
Every year the Selection Committee suggests a variety of homes, ranging from small cottages to large "McMansions", from bayside or oceanfront properties to standard neighborhood homes throughout the Ocean City area. This year is no exception and the committee already has a wide range of Ocean City houses and condos selected.
"It's not an easy job convincing participants to let hundreds of people walk through their homes," said Melone. "We have featured homes from 'famous' Ocean City residents, including Leighton Moore, owner of Seacrets, and Brice and Shirley Phillips, owners of Phillips restaurants. Leighton is actually our honorary chairman this year and is sponsoring a cocktail party at his house the last day of the tour for an additional donation."
Tickets are available at the Art League for $25 and can be used either day. The tour runs from 9:30 a.m. to 4 p.m. both days and coincides with Ocean City's Sunfest weekend. Only 1,500 tickets will be sold so reserve your tickets now. Call the ALOC at 410-524-9433 to purchase tickets.


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15 February
Events that occurred on 15 February.
[edit] On Earth
- 1896 - Arthur Tolkien, J.R.R. Tolkien's father, dies.
- 1934 - J.R.R. Tolkien's poem "The Adventures of Tom Bombadil" is published in The Oxford Magazine.
- 1949 - Scholar Alexei Kondratiev is born.
- 1991 – The first "Colloquium on the Languages of Middle-earth" starts at the house of E.L.F. member Bill Welden. It lasts until the 18 February.
- 2008 - The Lord of the Rings and the Western Narrative Tradition is published
[edit] In Arda
- T.A. 3019: (See note)
- The Fellowship of the Ring rests in Lothlórien.
- Galadriel shows Frodo and Sam the Mirror of Galadriel.
- After his fight with the Balrog, Gandalf returns to life.
[edit] Note
In editions prior to the 50th Anniversary Edition, the Tale of Years lists the two events of T.A. 3019 at 14 February. Since it is clear from the narrative that the latter event occurred one day before departure on 16 February, this causes a problem in the chronology. Hammond and Scull decided to fix the Tale of Years so that the Mirror of Galadriel-sequence happened on 15 February. The return to life of Gandalf was also moved to today, for reasons unclear.


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DESIGN-FOR-RELIABILITY STARTING FROM CONCEPTUAL DESIGN by Zhaofeng Huang A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE USC GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (MECHANICAL ENGINEERING) December 2010 Copyright 2010 Zhaofeng Huang
Object Description
|Design-for-reliability starting from conceptual design
|Huang, Zhaofeng
|Author email
|firstname.lastname@example.com; firstname.lastname@example.com
|Doctor of Philosophy
|Document type
|Degree program
|Mechanical Engineering
|Viterbi School of Engineering
|Date defended/completed
|Date submitted
|Restricted until
|Date published
|Advisor (committee chair)
|Jin, Yan
|Advisor (committee member)
Shiflett, Geoffrey R.
Wang, Chunming
Allen, Kathleen
|Design-For-Reliability (DFR) has been studied in various literature articles and engineering text books, however, there are few studies that systematically address Design-For-Reliability definition, theoretical foundation, and feasible practice during an entire design cycle starting from conceptual design throughout embodiment and detailed designs. It is observed that there is a significant gap between the engineering design discipline and the reliability discipline, that is, these two disciplines are not closely tied and integrated. Consequently, DFR during the design cycle, especially during an early design stage, is often merely a slogan. Aside from the above horizontal gap, there is a vertical gap: the gap between the conceptual DFR and embodiment DFR. Literature review indicates that weak connections, if any, are made between them.; The objective of this research is to establish a systematic DFR framework and methodology that can be implemented starting from conceptual design and functional design, and evolving with continuation of DFR activities throughout the embodiment design and detailed design to address the two aforementioned gaps. The center piece of the DFR framework, developed through this research to support functional and conceptual design-for-reliability, is the conceptual stress and conceptual strength interference theory (CSCSIT). CSCSIT parameterizes the conceptual design space with meaningful reliability parameters addressable during the conceptual and functional design stage. This set of reliability parameters can be carried out from the conceptual design to the embodiment design for potential seamless DFR connection. CSCSIT also serves as a foundation for developing a unified modeling approach that unifies and integrates the functional modeling, behavioral modeling and reliability modeling. To support DFR data aggregation, a modified Bayesian Reliability Analysis (BRA) process with a prior and data validation and adjustment scheme (PDVAS) is developed to enhance the validity of design-for-reliability data analysis. To support risk informed design decision, a design based risk analysis (DBRA) is formulated.; The DFR frame work with CSCSIT, the unified modeling, BRA with PDVAS, and DBRA are applied to a liquid propulsion rocket engine design as an illustrative and validation case for the theory, methodology and techniques developed in this research.; The research is expected to contribute significantly to the field of the design-for-reliability by: 1) developing a novel approach to parameterize the conceptual design space with reliability related parameters for conceptual design-for-reliability that fills the gap between engineering design and reliability (horizontal gap); 2) building a bridge between the conceptual design-for-reliability and embodiment design-for-reliability with CSCSIT to seamlessly address reliability throughout the entire design cycle to fill in the vertical gap; 3) developing a unified modeling approach among functional modeling, behavioral modeling and reliability modeling, a detailed reliability data aggregation technique, and a design based risk analysis method for a viable design-for-reliability analysis and risk informed decision throughout the entire design cycle.
|design engineering; design-for-reliability; embodiment design; function design; reliability engineering
|Part of collection
|University of Southern California dissertations and theses
|Publisher (of the original version)
|University of Southern California
|Place of publication (of the original version)
|Los Angeles, California
|Publisher (of the digital version)
|University of Southern California. Libraries
|Electronically uploaded by the author
|Legacy record ID
|Contributing entity
|University of Southern California
|Huang, Zhaofeng
|Repository name
|Libraries, University of Southern California
|Repository address
|Los Angeles, California
|Repository email
|Archival file
|Page 1
|Contributing entity
|University of Southern California
|Repository email
|Full text
|DESIGN-FOR-RELIABILITY STARTING FROM CONCEPTUAL DESIGN by Zhaofeng Huang A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE USC GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (MECHANICAL ENGINEERING) December 2010 Copyright 2010 Zhaofeng Huang


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School District Still Using Default Login For Admin Account Surprised To Learn Its Site Has Been Hacked
from the the-password-is-'password'-but-with-a-1 dept
A Texas school district is learning the hard way about website security basics. If you'd like to keep your site from being compromised, the very least you can do is reset the default login. According to a post at Hackforums, the Round Rock Independent School District of Austin, TX was using the following name and password for its admin account. (h/t to Techdirt reader Vidiot)
hacked - idiots used default login/passOnce compromised, the hacker(s) dropped sexual terminology, racist statements and a few memes all over the Round Rock ISD site. The "Welcome" splash screen was altered to deliver the following "warning:"
u; admin
p; admin1
ATTENTION PARENTS AND STAFF: REDDIT HAS BEEN RAIDING ALL OF THE WEBSITES IN ROUND ROCK ISD AND POSTING PORNOGRAPHIC IMAGES. PLEASE REFRAIN FROM USING ANY ROUND ROCK ISD WEBSITES UNTIL FURTHER NOTICE. THANKSNeedless to say, this wasn't an official message from the school. Additional text next to the principal's photo noted that Caldwell Heights Elementary was a "Jewish Internet Defense Force (JIDF) World School" and that the school's goal was to "develop strong partnerships" with parents and "touch every child -- especially the littler ones." The "statement" was signed by "moot."
Another page features an apology from the principal ("Sorry for the AIDS") and a copy-pasta spinoff of the Navy SEAL rant meme that takes the memorable posturing and sweary proto-military threats and spins them into a defense of every slighted non-white male ever.
The district's reaction to this hacking has been particularly hilarious and prone to over-sensitive overstatements, especially if its hands-off approach to security provided the hole for the hackers to waltz on through.
"We have a third party managing the site (SharpSchool) and we have instructed them to take their time getting everything back up and running," said JoyLynn Occhiuzzi from the Round Rock ISD. "We want them to pull everything together and protect as much information as possible about how this happened so we can make sure it doesn't happen again."Well, I would assume changing the login and password was at the top of the To Do list. This may not entirely be the district's fault. SharpSchool likely bears some of the blame here, especially if it never bothered to ensure the admin login was something stronger than admin/admin1.
"It's disappointing that someone would take the time to hack into our websites…"Yes, it's "disappointing" that someone would have to try more than a handful of variations of the World's Dumbest Passwords before being granted access to the back end.
The site remained down for a few days, replaced with a placeholder image and a somewhat cheery apology. Local police say they will press charges if they manage to find the hacker(s) behind the defacement. The school district has also made statements along the same lines, but finding who's responsible will be a considerably harder than accessing the site without permission.
The altered message on the welcome screen pinned the blame on Reddit, but considering its obviously fake origin, it probably shouldn't be trusted.
The Houston Chronicle article contains this sentence which strains credulity to its breaking point.
Many of the pages can't be printed but one did name a group "9gag'' as being behind the "raid" that came from their "mother's basement."Given Reddit's antipathy towards 9gag, this would seem to swing the finger of blame back on the Front Page of the Internet. Of course, the internet is filled with people and groups who hate 9gag, so that's hardly conclusive. The faux signature appended to the principal's photo ("moot") would seem to implicate 4chan, but Not Your Personal Army doesn't really sign its work. And the fact that the actual principal (Barbara Bergman) wasn't doxed and scattered across the internet would seem to indicate that the Internet Hate Machine didn't perform this particular defacement.
The details that have been made public indicate a rather amateurish job. There's a lot of namedropping going on, but a school site with an unfortunate login/password combination is hardly the sort of target these "groups" would expend much energy hassling.
Considering no real damage was done (other than a few people being offended), perhaps the district should just count its blessings and change the damn password. No data was lost and whatever downtime resulted from the defacement should be borne cost-wise by the third party paid to run the site(s). Prosecuting some low-level vandal for this temporary inconvenience won't prevent anyone from doing this sort of thing in the future. The easiest way to dissuade bored hackers is to put up at least a tiny bit of resistance in the security department -- something a simple login/password change months ago would have ensured.
Filed Under: austin, hacked, passwords, round rock school district, school district


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Marie Hunter Beauty
Lustrous Lipstick- Prairie Avenue
This lustrous lipstick is creamy and rich in color with a smooth formula finish to moisturize lips. Blended with moisture-rich oils, butters and waxes to help lips remain supple, comfortable and soft. Antioxidant Vitamin E helps keep lips protected, conditioned and hydrated throughout the day.Lipstick Finish As Fabric: Leather (Perfect Sheen/Shine, Without Looking Like A Gloss).
Product Story: To keep lips healthy and moist, we've blended Argan, Camelina, Grapeseed, Macadamia Seed, Meadowfoam, Murumuru and Olive Oil together. Mango and Shea Butter hydrate and condition lips while Squalane & Sodium Hyaluronate keep lips supple.
Pro Tip: Apply lipstick directly to lips working from the center outward.
Hydrogenated Polyisobutene, Phytosteryl/Isostearyl/Cetyl/Stearyl/Behenyl Dimer Dilinoleate, Polyethylene, Octyldodecanol, Bis-Diglyceryl Polyacyladipate-2, Microcrystalline Wax (Cera Microcristallina), Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Hydrated Silica, Phenyl Trimethicone, Triisostearin, Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate, Pentaerythrityl Tetraisostearate, Hydrogenated Olive Oil, Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil, Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil Unsaponifiables, Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil, Limnanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil, Camelina Sativa Seed Oil, Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed Oil, Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter, Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Butter, Tocopherol, Tocopheryl Acetate, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate, Pentaerythrityl Tetra-di-t-butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate, Squalane, Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate, Sodium Hyaluronate, Lauryl Methacrylate/Glycol Dimethacrylate Crosspolymer, Octyldodecyl Neopentanoate, Sorbitan Oleate, VP/Eicosene Copolymer, VP/Hexadecene Copolymer, Citric Acid, Silica, Synthetic Fluorphlogopite, Calcium Sodium Borosilicate, Calcium Aluminum Borosilicate, Tin Oxide
Behind The Brand
Luxurious. Clean. Modern.
Beauty, strength and courage - Marie Hunter is a highly edited and curated luxury beauty line for the modern minimalist. Marie Hunter draws inspiration from iconic luxury brands and launched Spring 2016. Each product is designed with a story to represent our "Confidence Speaks Volumes" motto.
Using unique and innovative formulas, Marie Hunter is made with the finest ingredients in the USA. From lipsticks to skincare, their products are ethically made in small batches to ensure freshness and quality. The timeless, chic and iconic minimalist packaging and products puts a new twist on modern luxury beauty. While Marie Hunter is in the early stages of its journey, we hope that you will join Marie Hunter Beauty as their story unfolds.


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One of the pleasures of the Olympics is having the chance to take a closer look at sports we don't usually pay much attention to. In the U.S., table tennis is probably associated more with basement rec-rooms and childhood amusements than top-notch athletic competition. Some may even consider it a game, not a proper sport. Here's a look back at some of the action on the tennis tables in the last couple days. Whatever you want to call it, it's clear that these competitors are true athletes.
Saeed Khan / AFP - Getty Images
Chuang Chih-Yuan of Taiwan serves during his men's bronze medal singles match against Dimitrij Ovtcharov of Germany on Aug. 2.
Bernd Thissen / EPA
China's Jike Zhang competes against Dimitrij Ovtcharov of Germany on Aug. 2 in this multiple exposure image.
Sergei Grits / AP
Dimitrij Ovtcharov of Germany reacts during the bronze medal match against Chuang Chih-yuan of Taiwan on Aug. 2.
Sergei Grits / AP
Natalia Partyka of Poland prepares to serve against Mie Skov of Denmark in the second round of the women's singles table tennis on July 28. Partyka was born
was born without a right hand or forearm
- Other Olympics-related PhotoBlog posts
- Slideshow: London 2012 Emotional Moments


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Elounda Bay Looking Towards Agios Nikolaos
Starlings at Sunset
Starlings gathering at sunset, spring is on the way at last.
Sunset at Sandside
Sandside Sunset Spring 2016
Another one of those super Sandside sunsets. The sun drops on what can only be described as a stunning Spring day here in Cumbria.
Kendal & Oxenholme Panoramic
Kendal and Oxenholme from The Helm, New Year's Day 2017
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