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Richard Littlemore | February 28, 2012
By Richard Littlemore • Tuesday, February 28, 2012 - 08:12
Bogus climate course "a source of embarrassment to the institution"
An energy industry public relations man and lobbyist with no background in climate science has infiltrated Carleton University in the Canadian capital of Ottawa, teaching a course on climate change denial that other Carleton professors describe as "a source of embarrassment to the institution."
Tom Harris, who originally trained as a mechanical engineer, has been a strategist for the climate change denial industry for at least a decade. A favourite presenter misrepresented as a PhD at the Heartland Institute's regular climate change denial conferences, Harris has worked directly for companies like the international PR giant APCO Worldwide or for energy industry lobby firms such as Toronto's High Park Group. More recently, he has launched or led at least three phony "grassroots organizations" – energy industry front groups that promote confusion or denial in climate science.
Now, Harris is teaching at Carleton, passing on a mix of climate denial mythology and flat out fiction, telling students that the planet isn't really warming, that (if it is), humans aren't to blame, that (if they are) if might be a good thing and that, regardless, it's just too complicated for mere scientists to figure out. ("The climate problem is so difficult that we might never solve it.")
Harris's ridiculous claims have been laid bare in a new report by the Canadian Committee for the Advancement of Scientific Skepticism (CASS), which has gone through videotapes of lectures from Climate Change: An Earth Sciences Perspective (ERTH2402), identifying 142 errors, exaggerations or outright prevarications.
The CASS report states:
"We have documented a large number of examples where the science that is taught is at least incomplete if not incorrect. There are a number of examples where Harris cites studies that were later rebutted …, and still more where he appears to have missed key publications … and this may indicate that he is unaware of the current scientific literature and prevailing scientific opinion."
The existence of this course represents a coup for the climate change denial movement, which as documented with the release of internal documents from the Chicago-based Heartland Institute, has been trying to infiltrate the U.S. school system with a K-12 curriculum promoting the notion that climate change is not real, not caused by humans or just too confusing to understand. (Heartland, a prominent proponent on behalf of its tobacco industry sponsors, has, in fact, been promoting climate disinformation in schools for many years.)
In the Carleton course, Harris has promoted a series of irrelevant, misleading or flagrantly incorrect bromides, including:
- "The only constant about climate is change."
- "Carbon dioxide is plant food."
- "There is no scientific consensus about climate change causes."
- "Prepare for global cooling."
- "Climate science is changing quickly."
Notwithstanding, Harris has proved to be a popular teacher, who readily gives out high marks to the students who most willing to parrot the denier line that he and his (often industry-associated) guest lecturers promote.
I know a guy who knows a guy
One of the biggest problem that CASS reported in trying to assess the content in Harris's course is that he generally does not refer to primary sources – to references in peer-reviewed literature against which his contentions can be tested. Instead, he constantly tells students that he has been in personal or email contact with prominent scientists who have given him information – the vast majority of which is dubious, outdated, unsupported by science or simply wrong.
The CASS report offers the possibility that Harris is merely incompetent – that he has got the science wrong purely because he is out of his realm of expertise. But the authors also note the coincidence that "all the mistakes (Harris makes) support his thesis of no climate change effects."
More likely, it seems, for someone who has made his living dessembling about climate change on behalf of energy industry compan-funded front groups, Harris has taken that campaign into the classroom with a disregard for the science and evidence that is somewhere between reckless and irresponsible.
There will almost inevitably be an argument about whether someone like Harris deserves protection under the principles of academic freedom – and certainly legitimate academics should be free to pursue their own course of study and to make whatever arguments they can support.
The question here is whether an institution such as Carleton can be forgiven for employing an instructor with no relevant credentials and significant and obvious economic conflicts. And, if Carleton is going to wrap Harris in a cloak of academic freedom – if the university is prepared to defend an industry front man's right to dilute the university's credibility by promoting views that are demonstrably incorrect and obviously grounded in a corporate agenda to deceive – then that should be a signal to prospective students and parents that they may want to exercise the freedom to choose a real university, one that values the accuracy of its curriculum and the integrity of its (other) faculty.
Below is a selection of some of the 142 points of disinformation identified in the CASS report. The full report, with references, is available here:
Claim 29. "Generally speaking, we're at about the same temperature as the medieval warm period."
RESPONSE: The Medieval Warm Period was only warm in some regions of the planet. Globally we are now far warmer than that period.
Claim 33. "The rate of retreat of glaciers has stayed about the same since around 1850… There hasn't been an acceleration in glacier retreat worldwide." …and… "Glacier retreat does not always correspond with a warming temperature."
RESPONSE: There has been an acceleration in the loss of global glacier volume. After remaining relatively constant between 1850 and 1900, global glacier volume declined slowly between 1900 and 1950, increased to 1970, and then decreased at an accelerating rate to the present day [49]. While increasing temperature can increase precipitation which causes growth in glaciers, the warming-induced melt remains the dominant force affecting glacial mass. Finally, the World Glacier Monitoring Network report has shown that the majority of glaciers that are being monitored are receding and that that rate of glacier recession is increasing.
Claim 34. "It may be more than a coincidence that the 18th century, which was getting slightly warmer… than previously, they saw a more cheerful social and political mood."
RESPONSE: See Table 19.1 in [28] for a list of projected impacts associated with climate change.
Claim 57. [Quoting the famous Australian climate change denier Bob CARTER]: "OK, so against that background you get the alarmist figures by invoking positive feedbacks and ignoring negative feedbacks, Stephen Schwartz, a very well respected climatologist published a new paper where he's analysed, using empirical data, the amount of warming that we should get for a doubling of carbon dioxide and here's his conclusion. He looks at the relationship between surface air temperature and ocean heat content and he concludes that for a CO2 doubling you will get a degree of warming, which is right on the line of what that theoretical curve showed in the first place. IN other words, the positive and negative feedbacks cancel each other out. Here I've plotted that and you'll see that even the error bars that only just overlaps with the error bars of the alarmist IPCC estimates so torpedo number 3 is another devastating torpedo. There's no answer for this at the moment, this is good, sound, empirical science. It's not arm-waving, it's not a computer model, it's empirical science."
RESPONSE: Stephen Schwartz did publish a paper in 2007, and that paper did suggest a climate that was less sensitive to doubling in carbon dioxide than the IPCC reports had suggested. However, this paper was roundly criticised by a number of researchers on the basis of Schwartz's modelling of autocorrelation of temperature through time. These criticisms led Schwartz to revise his own estimate of the effect of climate sensitivity from 1.1 ± 0.5 K to 1.9 ± 1.0 K. This may not seem like a big deal, but his estimate is now within the error margin for the IPCC estimate (3 degrees), suggesting yet more consensus on climate sensitivity. Neither Carter nor Harris mention Schwartz's revised estimate (published in 2008), leaving the students misinformed as to the current state of the science.
Claim 59. [Quoting CARTER again]: "Well there's a gentleman who deserves a Nobel Prize, or a prize of some sort, called Anthony Watts who is an amateur – well he's not amateur – he's a weather forecaster in the States… [cites Watts] "Urbanisation has placed many sites in unsuitable locations – on hot black asphalt, next to trash burn barrels, beside heat exhaust vents, even attached to hot chimneys and above outdoor grills!"
RESPONSE: Some measurement sites do have shortcomings with respect to location. However, NOAA is aware of these kinds of problems and has responded by comparing the best 70 stations with the full 1218 station dataset and found almost identical trends. Also, the BEST project found no evidence of an effect of the urban heat island effect on temperature trends.
Claim 65. "So, the interesting question is, is the overall ice cover of the earth going down, and the answers I get from scientists is, probably not, OK."
RESPONSE: Without more details, it isn't possible to establish who these "scientists" are that are giving Harris his facts. We know that in Greenland ice is being lost and the loss is accelerating, most glaciers worldwide are losing mass and thickness and the loss is accelerating, and Arctic sea ice loss is accelerating and is faster than was forecast. Harris is likely referring to the fact that only in Antarctica the sea ice level is actually increasing and has been doing so since the beginning of records in the 1970s. This is thought to result from warmer oceanic water being trapped at lower depths due to weak stratification of the Southern Ocean. This means that ice can continue to grow.
Claim 66. "You know, one of the things that people don't realize when they read these articles in the newspaper about it being super warm in the arctic in comparison with past years, they have to ask in the global historic network how many data points, does anybody know this, how many data points are there for all of northern Canada, that's used for the Global Historic Climate Network to determine whether the earth is warming or cooling? You know how many data points there are? One. They're using one data point for the whole of northern Canada in the whole global historic surface, uh, temperature measurement and that data point happens to be at Eureka, OK, very far north. Eureka however, is what's called a refugia. It's an unusual region that is much warmer than most of the surrounding area and it's called a refugia because in wintertime that's where a lot of the animals go, OK, because it's much easier to survive there. So when it comes to, um, global historic records, all of Canada being represented by one data point, and it's an anomalous location, you know it's really sad, because it certainly does make you question the global record."
RESPONSE: Harris claims that there is only one weather station in the Canadian Arctic that can provide information about warming trends. This is incorrect. First is that there are multiple weather stations in the Canadian Arctic. There are 42 weather stations that are part of the GHCN network in Canada above a latitude of 66.5 degrees and a further 7 that are located in the Arctic portion of the USA [Data from the station inventory data for GHCN v.3, available at ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/ghcn/v3/]. Second, these form only a part of the 111 stations that are currently recording temperatures in the Arctic.
Claim 80. "The Amazon jungle is a fairly new phenomenon, OK. There wasn't an Amazon jungle not too many millennia ago."
RESPONSE: This is untrue. The Amazon Rainforest has been geographically coherent for around 55 million years.
Claim 81. "When's the next glacial gonna occur? It's very, I mean, it could be starting now OK. We're at a time period where we're due for a glacial, based on previous interglacials, so it could be starting in the next century, it could start in 3,000 years, we really don't know."
RESPONSE: Orbital factors that contribute to Milankovitch cycles suggest that we should be cooling now, but anthropogenic forcings have reversed that trend and are continuing to warm the environment.
Claim 82. "Global warming, if actually occurring, may present only temporary reprieve from glaciation."
RESPONSE: First, global warming is occurring [22]. Second, the temperature decline that would lead to the next glaciation appears to have been reversed by anthropogenic forcings [74].
Claim 88. "When you look at most rural datasets, you don't see global warming."
RESPONSE: This is simply incorrect. Studies comparing rural and urban weather stations find negligible difference between the two.
Claim 106. "But right now, seen in a geologic sense, we're at one of the lowest levels of CO2 in the whole geologic record."
RESPONSE: We are at the highest level of CO2 concentrations in the past one million years, which is certainly a reasonable length of time even "in a geological sense" [135]
Claim 124. "You know, we haven't had any warming since 2003 and CO2 is still rising. I know that's not climate, but still it just doesn't really make a lot of sense."
RESPONSE: Harris makes an assertion that isn't valid even within his own reasoning. His assertion is correct in the sense that there has been little warming since 2003. However, we understand that this is the result of a combination of natural climate variability mostly related to ocean heat uptake, reduced solar activity and a strong La Nina phase. When these effects are accounted for, the warming trend continues. This is more concerning, because when those mitigating factors cease, we should see a strong upward trend in warming. Recall also that in an earlier lecture he claimed there was no such thing as a global average temperature; if he really believes that to be true, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about temperature trends since 2003. Most importantly, it is not meaningful to discuss climate on such short timescales. Choosing 2003 as the start date is an obvious example of cherry picking; in fact, the last decade is one of the warmest on record.
Claim 128. Harris cites (i) the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine petition project, (ii) the Bali open letter, (iii) the ICSC Manhattan declaration on climate change, and (iv) the Climate scientists register: "this is a very very very simple, non political document. We're trying to strip the politics out of it." "The bottom line is we don't know what the consensus is of world scientists is. We know there's a lot of dissent, and it's dissent among some of the absolute leaders in the field."
RESPONSE: This is untrue. Time and again, surveys of climate scientists and the scientific literature have demonstrated overwhelming consensus.
Claim 134. "Climate models have so far not been validated. Models have not been successful in simulating the past – consequently, they do not offer a reliable basis for predicting the future."
RESPONSE: This is not true. Climate models are validated using hindcasting, an essential and important process in model development and a concept to which these students should be introduced. In fact, models have been very successful in predicting the past, and are unable to predict recent warming without considering increasing CO2 levels. Climate change deniers have yet to produce a GCM that can explain warming over the past century that does not include CO2 forcing. Models have also been able to predict future temperature trends; predictions made by Hansen in 1988 showed good agreement with real world observations.
Claim 135. "The role of the sun has been underestimated."
RESPONSE: Solar activity has been declining over the past 30 years while temperature has continued to rise [48]. Furthermore, solar forcings, while significant in climate models, are overridden in long-term trends by anthropogenic forcings .
Claim 137 "Why do we think we can do better with climate predication than we can do with weather?"
RESPONSE: Weather forecasting is an "initial value" problem – it depends on today's weather. Over the period of a forecast the GHG forcing is constant. Climate projections are a "boundary value" problem – they depend of the forcing of the climate. Over the period of a climate experiment the GHG forcing changes – that is the whole point of the exercise. Understanding the distinction between weather and climate is critically important and a fundamental concept for students studying climate change. It is astonishing that Harris, the course lecturer, does not appear to grasp the difference nor seek to explain it. Climate and weather are two different concepts. Weather is a short-term phenomenon with complex, chaotic forces that make prediction almost impossible beyond a certain time window. Climate is averaged over a longer period with substantial inertia and, as such, has much of that chaos "ironed-out". This makes climate more amenable to study and predictions. Also, climate models have been shown to be accurate in hindcasting and forecasting.
[Harris provides the following take-away slogans for his students to close the course]
Claim 138. "The only constant about climate is change."
RESPONSE: Climate has always changed in the past and is changing now. However, the current phase of climate change, characterised by a 50-year phase of warming, coincides with (and cannot be accounted-for without reference to) anthropogenic change, particularly increases in atmospheric concentrations of CO2.
Claim 139. "Carbon dioxide is plant food."
RESPONSE: Plants need CO2 to survive. However, CO2 has a hugely negative effect on the world's oceans by causing acidification. Aside from that, the substantial role that CO2 plays in the greenhouse effect and the resultant global warming will have substantial negative effects on human populations, see Table 19.1 in. Finally, there is uncertainty over the extent to which plants will be able to use this extra CO2 in the event of climate change, as there will be a range of other changes to the environment including patterns of precipitation, distributions of plant pests and changes in human activity.
Claim 140. "There is no scientific consensus about climate change causes."
RESPONSE: There is a very strong consensus that the current phase of climate change is caused predominantly by anthropogenic forcings, both among climate scientists and in the peer-reviewed literature.
Claim 141. "Prepare for global cooling."
RESPONSE: There is no evidence that we are going to enter a phase of global cooling any time soon. Solar activity and orbital forcings, which are primary drivers of the glacial cycle, are fading already, indicating that we should be entering a phase of cooling [106], [121]. Instead, the continued strengthening of anthropogenic forcings, which are the primary drivers of contemporary warming [6], [7], [9], are expected to produce substantial future warming [91].
Claim 142. "Climate science is changing quickly."
RESPONSE: Harris paints a picture of an academic field in the throes of a revolution. However, the field is actually undergoing refinement. Previous predictions have been shown to be correct , new discoveries are producing refinements of models, and there is consistent and corroborative evidence from multiple studies that anthropogenic forcings are and will continue to be the primary cause of climate change for the next century.
Hank_ replied on Permalink
AGU president on Gleick's fall from grace
AGU President on Gleick's "shocking fall from grace": "His transgression cannot be condoned, regardless of his motives."
AGU President's message
We must remain committed to scientific integrity
27 February 2012
"During the third week of February our global community of Earth and space scientists witnessed the shocking fall from grace of an accomplished AGU member who betrayed the principles of scientific integrity. In doing so he compromised AGU's credibility as a scientific society, weakened the public's trust in scientists, and produced fresh fuel for the unproductive and seemingly endless ideological firestorm surrounding the reality of the Earth's changing climate.
This has been one of the most trying times for me as president of AGU, as it has been for many AGU volunteer leaders, members, and staff. How different it is than celebrating the news of a new discovery or a unique scholarly achievement. These rare and sad occasions remind us that our actions reverberate through a global scientific community and that we must remain committed as individuals and as a society to the highest standards of scientific integrity in the pursuit of our goals."
Mike McPhaden
Dihydrogen Monoxide replied on Permalink
Any comments on Harris being dishonest?
So "Hank_" from this and other posts you seem to have an amusing obsession with Gleick misrepresenting who he was in order to expose Heartland's lies and potentially illegal activites.
Yet curiously you have no complaints about the subject of this article misrepresenting himself to spread lies in an effort to deny AGW.
Why is that?
Phil M replied on Permalink
Lol, that's pretty funning
Lol, that's pretty funning Hank. Oh look over there! Let's discuss something else eh?
Red herring.
Dihydrogen Monoxide replied on Permalink
To Wolfman86
Sorry if I misunderstood, but if you are claiming that the Heartland document was "clearly faked" then there is no evidence of that.
In fact they've only made claims that the documents were altered but refuse to specify (so far) what parts were altered.
Perhaps you can provide a credible and independent source to show were they were "faked"?
AnOilMan replied on Permalink
It is an unfounded claim.
Also, they originally claimed some of the other's were faked as well, however, that was a lie, since they pressed charges that the documents were stolen… they are real.
There isn't much that was in the original document that was sent to Gleick (the one they now claim is fake) that isn't completely correlated to the documents Heartland kindly sent him.
Let the police sort it out. They are the only ones who can independantly verify all this.
And I would like to harp on the fact that motivation plays a big role in assigning any guilt. If Gleick can succesfully prove when he received the alleged 'fake' document, then it won't be his head that rolls.
David B. Benson replied on Permalink
Carleton course is
dbostrom replied on Permalink
How much are you willing to pay for -disgusting-?
Students at Carleton are paying over $1000/credit to listen to a MS MechE attempt to teach earth sciences, far outside of his expertise (as is painfully obvious). People paying for this rubbish would likely do far better to give Harris a few dollars to go out for coffee and then take turns handling lectures themselves.
Shouldn't people who have taken this course from Harris ask for their money back? Or rather, shouldn't Carleton volunteer to make an adjustment to victim students' accounts?
Lionel A replied on Permalink
Not only student's money being wasted
It is not only student's money being wasted by this repetition of the old hairy chestnuts which are by now so familiar and which a few hours studying the debunking of, say at Skeptical Science, and for free demonstrates that the student's time is being wasted.
They should be studying real science such as that found in Richard Feynman's excellent three volume Lectures on Physics recently republished, with many more errors fixed:
Even a cursory reading of this material will make the student aware of one of Feynman's major tenets that the compartmentalism of science into say, physics, chemistry, biology and the sub-discipline thereof is artificial. Nature is not like that as Feynman's expositions on vision (in Vol 1) makes clear and which is a must read for anybody, even those who think they know how it works.
The damage being done to these students is incalculable for their cognitive framework of reality may suffer permanent distortions. Thus the compensation due should reflect these aspects of time waste and cognitive damage, not just up-front fees. The compensation should come from the pockets of those who have aided and abetted in this academic scam, for that is what it is. And we know some of the suspects here, don't we.
AnOilMan replied on Permalink
Not an entirely fair assumption.
Most universities don't have professor's teach, especially in the first few years that you arrive. So… anyone can do it.
I hear that issue is even more obvious in US Ivy League institutions where the profs are pressured to get research grants (fame and fortune for the university). So they bring on more teachers to teach the students.
Of course I'm obnoxious enough to take the course, write the correct answer to every question, then challenge the university on academic grounds for every single bad mark. (Do you think that the administration would be happy to be called in all the time for every single thing some nitwit says?)
David B. Benson replied on Permalink
but you don't describe a single university about which I am aware.
Professors profess.
AnOilMan replied on Permalink
I'm not sure how to reply to that….
There is an unwritten assumption that you will be taking a course that will be taught by a professor at a university.
Most of my first year sciences at UVic were taught by hired teachers. (I only discoved that by accident when I addressed the chemistry professor as such.) All my classes were taught by profs by second year.
I saw a documentary about US education and in that case Berkley was 100% teachers.
Mycos replied on Permalink
re: Oilman Err...
My first instinct regarding that documentary you saw denigrating the quality of scholarship at UC-Berkeley is that it is probably yet another attempt by someone unwilling to accept the findings of "a meta-meta-analysis (88 samples, 12 countries, 22,818 cases) confirms that several psychological variables predict political conservatism" conducted by four of the US's leading voices in psychology.
One from Stanford (Jost), another from U of Maryland - College Park (Kruglanski; who I believe was also the one hired by DHS to head their terrorist-profile panel), and two from UC Berkeley (Glaser and Sulloway). The results contained within "Political Conservatism as Motivated Social Cognition" are, to put it mildly, not too complimentary for anyone with a tendency to adopt conservative beliefs or value systems. Not the least of which is the strong association conservatism has with personality traits associated with authoritarian deference (RWA - Altemeyer) and authoritarian dominance (or SDO - Pratto)….traits that together and most even by themselves stand in clear opposition to the ideals of democracy, freedom and equality under the law spelled out in the Constitution and Bill of Rights, but that conservatives in particular are likely to trumpet as though they alone are "the only real patriots there are in America!"
When the study was first discovered by conservative politicians, religious authority figures, back around 2003-4., they put up a huge cry to have it's authors fired (or worse); to boycott any of the science journals their work appears in, and/or to stop any funding the government may give to the universities listed above. These, and a variety of other demands (the extent of which can perhaps best be appreciated by those of us who are already familiar with the psychology of conservatism).
Back in the 60s many on the right saw it as the center of anti-Vietnam protests, of drug use and hippies, and of course - "communist infiltration!" Berkeley remains for many of them the source of everything they hate about left-wing ideology (despite a faculty today that includes some of the leading intellects behind the whole "neocon" philosophy, including (I think!) John Yoo, the guy who came up with a legal excuse/definition the Bush administration used to authorize the use of torture by American soldiers.
Lionel A replied on Permalink
Harris dropped
A commentator at Joe's place
has informed that Harris has been dropped from Carleton.
VJ replied on Permalink
See an old 2007 quote from
See an old 2007 quote from Harris here about the Harper Conservatives and climate change:
caerbannog666 replied on Permalink
Still more evidence of the grand conspiracy....
Obviously, Carleton U. got the memo from the UN – "Ditch Harris or we send in the black helicopters!"
Are you proud of yourself now, Dr. Mann???
Ian Forrester replied on Permalink
Harris blames Tim Patterson
What a joke one denier blaming another. By the way Patterson is the head of the Department of Earth Sciences at Carleton so denier nonsense is firmly entrenched there. U of Ottawa also has a number of "scientists" who are also deniers. Seems like the deniers like to be near the seat of Government.
The majority of the dishonest scientists at the recent Senate Hearing were from either Carleton or U of Ottawa.
There is a good article in the Guardian:
AnOilMan replied on Permalink
Just Rooting out the Evil
a day at a time.
rpauli replied on Permalink
Carleton Univ has a reputation problem now
Just dumping Harris is not enough. (Why did they hire that fool anyway?)
Since it takes far more effort to reclaim character than it does to let go of it… Carleton will have some important work to do. Perhaps they could offer a required course in global warming denialism - or science deception. Universities will have to change.
Some academics think the entire university curricula should be changed to something like: future studies - most all courses would remain as is, but the focus would be on the future. Since future climate will be totally unlike past climate - such curriculum change seems both wise and reasonable.


text:
NBCUniversal struck a new media rights deal with the NFL Wednesday that keeps "Sunday Night Football" on NBC through the 2022 season and that expands the Peacock network's digital rights.
The nine-year deal also allows NBC to broadcast a primetime Thanksgiving game beginning next year.
Besides broadcasting the 2012 Super Bowl, NBC will broadcast Super Bowls in 2015, 2018 and 2021 as well.
U.S. & World
News from around the country and around the globe
The network will also swap one of its current wild card games for a Divisional playoff game.
"This is a great day for NBCUniversal and the NBC Sports Group," NBCUniversal CEO Steve Burke told NBC Sports. "There is no more powerful programming on television than the NFL and no better program than Sunday Night Football. The long-term agreement announced today provides us with significant enhancements to our existing NFL package, ensures that we will continue our partnership with the NFL for many years, and adds tremendous value to the many assets of NBCUniversal. We could not be more pleased."
Mark Lazarus, Chairman, NBC Sports Group, added: "Sunday Night Football on NBC is the most-watched program on primetime television, and we're excited to continue our long-term partnership with the NFL. The new primetime Thanksgiving game starting in 2012, the upgraded playoff package and the three Super Bowls are all major enhancements to our new agreement. The additional digital and programming rights add tremendous value to the NBC Sports Group portfolio."
The NFL also renewed TV deals Wednesday with CBS and Fox through the 2022 season and said it would expand an unspecified number of Thursday night games on the NFL Network.
ESPN renewed its deal with the NFL earlier this season for Monday night games, The Associated Press reported.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Dave Dildine, wtop.com
A road project in Arlington shifts into high gear this weekend. VDOT says the westbound side of Route 50, also known as Arlington Boulevard, will be blocked this weekend near Courthouse Road.
Crews will demolish the Courthouse Road bridge that spans the westbound lanes. The eastbound ramp to Courthouse Road will also be closed. The project aims to improve the efficiency of the interchanges that connect 10th Street and Courthouse Road to Route 50.
The construction closures will begin around 8 a.m. Saturday. Westbound traffic will be diverted onto 14th Street. The official detour attempts to deflect traffic away from the neighborhoods between Arlington Boulevard and Wilson Boulevard using 14th Street, 15th Street, Wilson Boulevard, Barton Street and 10th Street. Follow the orange detour signs. The demolition is expected to be completed by late Sunday and the road should reopen by 8 p.m.
During construction of the new interchange, eastbound motorists on Route 50 will not be able to access Courthouse Road. The outdated left exit will be permanently closed. Instead, drivers will need to use the next exit, a right off-ramp, marked "N Rhodes St/N Rolfe St/N Queen St" until the new interchange opens.
VDOT urges outbound drivers leaving Washington to avoid Route 50. Variable message signs near the project area have been warning motorists of the closure for several weeks. Consider using Route 29 or Interstate 66 instead.
View Route 50 Detour in a larger map
Rail work zones return
WMATA will resume track work on the Metrorail system beginning Friday night. The system was put to the test last Monday, offering 17 hours of consecutive rush hour service for the presidential inauguration. The work will affect passengers on the Red, Orange and Green lines through Sunday.
Red Line
Trains will single track between Farragut North and Judiciary Square. Customers should expect about a 10-minute delay. The work zone will be in place from 10 p.m. Friday until noon on Sunday.
Orange Line
Trains will single track between East Falls Church and West Falls Church. Trains will also single track between Stadium-Armory and Cheverly. Customers should expect about a 20-minute delay. The work zone will be in place from 10 p.m. Friday until closing-time late Sunday.
Green Line
Trains will single track between College Park and Greenbelt. Customers traveling through the work zone should expect about a 10-minute delay.
A slow thawing out…
The region's bout with below-normal temperatures continues this weekend but the WTOP Weather Team says that temperatures may crack the freezing mark on Saturday and Sunday.
Friday's coating of light snow may create isolated slick spots on small roads and neighborhood streets as long as temperatures remain below freezing. Drivers should use caution when driving on untreated road surfaces and remain alert for black ice.
With more cold weather to come, this weekend is a good time to make sure your battery is winter-ready and able to carry a reliable charge. The colder temperatures can also lower your tire pressure, greatly reducing the fuel efficiency of your vehicle. Make sure your tires are properly inflated. Top off your windshield washer fluid and clean your windshield to make sure the de-icing agents leftover from Friday's light snowfall don't obscure your view.
Localized delays near weekend events
The "March on Washington for Gun Control" will take place on the National Mall Saturday morning. The march begins near the Capitol Reflecting Pool around 11 a.m. and will progress down Constitution Avenue, ending near 15th Street NW. Police will be on-scene helping to direct traffic.
The Polar Bear Plunge will take place on Saturday at Sandy Point State Park in Maryland. The ramps from Route 50 toward the parking lots may become congested by late morning but the impact on through traffic between the Bay Bridge and Annapolis should be minimal.
The Washington Capitals take on the Buffalo Sabres at the Verizon Center on Sunday at 3 p.m. Expect a surge of Caps fans at the Gallery Place-Chinatown Metro and along the nearby streets before and after the game.
Follow @WTOPtraffic and @WTOP on Twitter.
(Copyright 2013 by WTOP. All Rights Reserved.)


text:
Jonathan graduated from high school and went to his senior prom last month. I wanted to share a few pictures with everyone. Jonathan will be attending the community college near our house. I couldn't have asked for a better high school experience for him. He had a great time and was well liked by his peers and teachers. He was very active in school. He played football, bowled on the bowling team, and managed the baseball team. He worked very hard to be able to graduate with his class.
I don't know why this picture is sideways!


text:
August 30th, 2011
Beyonce, Jay-Z baby already on Twitter
Well, that didn't take long.
When Beyonce surprised the world with her baby bump, we knew it was only a matter of time before the foolery began.
Within hours of the announcement, BeyJayFetus, the Twitter account was created. It quickly spawned others - like FetusKnowles - all designed to share news from the highly anticipated spawn of the singer and husband Jay-Z.
The first tweet from BeyJayFetus was, "Hello World...well almost."
Is this what we have to look forward to for the next few months?
About this blog
Our daily cheat-sheet for breaking celebrity news, Hollywood buzz and your pop-culture obsessions.


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Dear Readers, if you have not yet encountered the work of Ilene Winn-Lederer you are in for a treat. I'm reblogging one of her posts so that you can acquaint yourself with her marvelous Torah-themed mystical art.
Like the universal languages of music and art, trees speak to us without words, inspiring us to describe them with our own words and visual expressions. In Deuteronomy (Devarim) 20:19-20, we learn that even in wartime is life precious and that trees are essential to our continued existence: "When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy its trees by forcing an axe against them: for thou mayst eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down; for is the tree of the field a man, that it should be besieged by thee?…" Equally eloquent are the words of the late Lebanese poet Kahlil Gibran in his collection of aphorisms, Sand And Foam: "Trees are poems the Earth writes upon the sky…".
I was reminded of these ideas during our recent observance of Tu B'Shevat
View original post 225 more words


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Tigers clinch AL Central title with late surge
Cabrera has chance for first Triple Crown since 1967
KANSAS CITY, Mo. — There could have been some infighting when the Detroit Tigers were languishing below .500 midway through the season, or even when they trailed the Chicago White Sox deep into September.
This was the team, after all, that won the AL Central last year, and was only supposed to get better with the signing of Prince Fielder. But the lofty expectations out of spring training had been long forgotten by everyone outside the clubhouse, the season so often close to being written off.
Then the White Sox started to falter, the Tigers finally started to play defense, and all the pieces came together for a joyous ride that ended in a raucous celebration Monday night.
The Tigers, paced by MVP front-runner Miguel Cabrera, beat the Kansas City Royals 6-3 to clinch back-to-back division titles for the first time since the 1934-35 seasons.


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Leed's Rolling & Wheeled Luggage
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By providing valued constituents of your brand, such as clients and employees, with esteemed products like Leed's luggage, you are effectively demonstrating your appreciation of their on-going patronage or hard work. For holiday gifts or any other occasion for which the distribution of executive gifts may be appropriate, any product from our collection of Leed's luggage will portray your brand as professional, considerate, and reputable. Recipients will be amazed at the attractive, high quality construction of the products that they receive courtesy of your organization, and they will associate your organization with the memorable gift items for years to come. Whenever they enjoy toting their personal belongings, the prominent marketing message specified by your brand will remind them of your organization, thereby encouraging continued brand loyalty and increased brand awareness at the same time.


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here's the other one however having watched it again I believe it has the audio from the analogue synth going back into the Minibrute!!!!
I have then hooked it up to my MiniMg using the gate out to the s-trig input & the pitch out to oscillator input & it is sending pitch signal which is way cool however none of the other sliders on the minibrute seem to affect the minMg so the filters, amp, mix etc.... Can these be used to send signal to the miniMg? Do I need to split the signal from either the pitch out or the gate out to the filter input on the miniMg?


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Joining the hot new NASCAR Ford Fusion next year will be the vehicle you see here, which is purportedly the 2013 Dodge Charger stock car. It looks angry. Did we make it mad?
These photos were taken at Penske Racing on Friday and then reposted by Tom M. over at the Randy Ayers Modeling forum. They appear to show the new Dodge Charger race car for 2013, which isn't supposed to come out yet.
None other than NASCAR-knows-all Jenna Fryer is calling this the car.
As with the new Fusion, this Car Of The Day After Tomorrow derivative incorporates fewer decals to create a Charger-esque look. Compare this with the other cars in the shop and it's clear how more distinct the lines are.
Now that NASCAR stock cars have to derive their design partially from the actual cars, we hope this creates a feedback loop of sorts that results in a more aerodynamic/racy look from mid-sizers. A Toyota Camry with a Superbird nose would be awesome.


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We here at Kotaku aren't the only ones with servers in storm-beset New York City. Activision, too, has servers in the zone affected by wind, water, and power outages, and those servers are having a rough time of things right now.
Actvision community manager Dan Amrich announced on his blog, One of Swords, that servers for a number of Activision games are having trouble. "Until the power is stabilized," Amrich said. Connectivity to the following games may be troubled:
- Call of Duty: World at War (all platforms)
- Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 (PS3)
- Call of Duty: Black Ops (PS3, PC, Wii)
- Guitar Hero (all titles and platforms)
Activision is working on having full service restored as soon as possible, but doesn't yet know for sure when that will be.
COD & GH servers disrupted by Hurricane Sandy [One of Swords]


text: Jürgen23.08.2016 No Comments Kamera: NIKON D750, Brennweite: 24mm, Belichtung: f/8.0 – 1/500 sec – ISO 200, © Juergen Arndt « Previous Next » Leave a Reply Cancel replyYour email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *Comment Name * Email * Website Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Security Question: What is 9 + 15 ? Please leave these two fields as-is: IMPORTANT! To be able to proceed, you need to solve the following simple math (so we know that you are a human) :-)


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The Oscar nominations brought deserved recognition to Helen Mirren and Christopher Plummer for their great performances in "Last Station," but who decided which spouse wore tha pants in this movie?
For Plummer, 80, today shockingly marked his first Academy Awards nomination -- a supporting actor nod as the great Russian writer Leo Tolstoy. Mirren returns to her rightful place in the best actress mix as Tolstoy's fiery wife Countess Sofya.
The excellent film is a bit of a creeper to the general public due to its late release -- it opened for an Oscar qualifying week at the end of 2009 and again on Jan. 15.
U.S. & World
Both actors play off each other brilliantly and have nearly equal screen time with Plummer's Tolstoy dramatically going through his final days onscreen. His role is as full as his massive, gray beard with even the film's title referring to his final resting place. Yet he vies for best supporting actor while his onscreen wife settles into the best actress race. What gives with the disparity?
Sony Pictures Classics reasoned that the story is told through James McAvoy's character, Tolstoy's wide-eyed assistant. Thus McAvoy was their best actor candidate. Plummer was positioned as the best supporting in the award strategy. More than likely, Plummer's increased chances of nomination in the category played into the decision as well. And it clearly paid off even with the nomination.
That said, the road to Oscar victory is looking tough for even a sentimental favorite such as Plummer. "Inglourious Basterds" Cristoph Waltz has been sweeping through most award shows in this best supporting actor area.


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Maryland Attorney General Sides with Anthony Graber
You may remember the case of Anthony Graber, the Maryland motorcyclist charged with violating the state's wiretapping statute for recording his traffic stop and posting it on YouTube. I've said several times over the last few months that these charges are based on a misreading of the law; minus a "reasonable expectation of privacy," recording an oral communication does not violate the wiretapping statute.
As it turns out, the Maryland Attorney General agrees.
The Maryland Attorney General has released an opinion advising a state legislator that, contrary to the claims of Harford County State's Attorney Joseph Cassilly, a traffic stop is probably not an instance where a police officer can claim a reasonable expectation of privacy.
The AG's opinion provides a thorough survey of Maryland's and other states' decisions on the issue, giving three possible interpretations of the wiretap statute as applied to a citizen recording a traffic stop.
First, a court might agree with the theory that police encounters are private conversations, but the AG found that this "seems an unlikely conclusion … particularly when they occur in a public place and involve the exercise of police powers." That sounds familiar.
Second, a court might conclude that the Maryland statute forbids only the surreptitious recording of a police stop. The opinion deems this an unlikely outcome due to differences between the language of the Maryland law and the wiretapping statutes of Massachusetts and Illinois.
The opinion settles on its third possible outcome, agreeing with what I, Radley Balko, Carlos Miller, the Maryland ACLU, the Maryland courts, other Maryland State's Attorneys, and the Maryland Attorney General's previous opinions have said: the Maryland wiretap statute does not permit the prosecution of citizens for recording the actions of public officials in public places.
Graber's court date is set for October. The AG's opinion should halt his prosecution and further abuse of the Maryland wiretap statute.


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Customer reviews
- Description
About this product
Here is all you need to know
20AC5P0C3AYNANNN is a 2.2 kW, 5 A, 380...480V AC VFD manufactured by Allen Bradley. It is part of the PowerFlex 70 range and has a range of useful features integrated. Northern Industrial supply new and refurbished PowerFlex 70 VSDs with a comprehensive 2 year warranty. These VSDs are designed to be compact yet powerful, saving the user time and space.
Features of the 20AC5P0C3AYNANNN
A number of characteristics of the 20AC5P0C3AYNANNN AC inverter make it easy to use and reliable. Features include:
- IP20, flange mount, IP66 / NEMA 4X enclosures
- Zero Stacking Drives allowable with no reduction of ambient temperature rating (50 °C for IP20, NEMA/UL Type 1 and Flange Mount; 40 °C for IP66, NEMA/UL Type 4X/12)
- Wall or machine mount
- V/Hz control, sensorless vector control, flux vector control
- Common Industrial Protocol (CIP) including DeviceNet, ControlNet, and EtherNet/IP
- Speed and torque control with and without encoder feedback
- Advanced bus regulation and drive overload protection
- Supports multiple languages
- Configuration and programming via integral LCD keypad, remote keypad, DriveTools SP software, or DriveExplorer software
- Premier Integration with PowerFlex — AC drives uses the Logix control platform to simplify parameter and tag programming and reduces development time
- 2 analogue input points
- 6 digital input points
- 1 analogue output points
- 0 digital output points
- 2 relay output points
Options and Accessories for the PowerFlex 70
20AC5P0C3AYNANNN drives can be fitted with a variety of option modules to enhance the variable frequency drive's suitability to your applications. Such options include:
- Communication modules - These communication adapter modules are installed inside the drive to provide network connectivity. The modules available include ControlNet, DeviceNet, EtherNet/IP, Profibus and Remote I/O
- DriveGuard safety module - This module is a safe off module. It meets EN954-1, Category 3 and has protection against restart
- Encoder module - The module is an encoder feedback module with 12/5V DC
- Human interface module - The HMI module has an LCD display and allows the user to interface with the variable speed drive
Fast Repairs & Fast Shipping on PowerFlex 70 Series
PowerFlex 70 20AC5P0C3AYNANNN variable speed drives can be shipped fast or repaired in 48 hours or 15 days. For more information or a free no obligation quote on 20AC5P0C3AYNANNN VSDs contact Northern Industrial today.
- Specification
The Specs
The below specs apply to this product.
Alternative Partnumber N/A Product Status Current UPC N/A Range PowerFlex 70 Category N/A Communications Options N/A No Digital Inputs 6 No Digital Outputs (dedicated) 0 No Analog Outputs 1 PTC/KTY Input N/A Pulse Input N/A NEMA N/A Loop Open, Closed IP Rating IP20 Keypad N/A Height (mm) N/A Depth (mm) N/A Power KW (Fan & Pump) N/A Normal Duty Amp N/A Power KW (Constant Torque) 2.2 Amp Rating (Constant Torque) 5 Input Phase Three Phase Application N/A Conformal Coating N/A Bidirectional IO N/A
- PDFs & Videos
Looking for more details on this product?
Here are some PDFs you can download.
We currently have no 20AC5P0C3AYNANNN manuals uploaded but you can contact our technical team for help.
- Alternatives
Danfoss 131B0048
Modern Equivalent
This Danfoss AC Drive is rated for the same motor specification as the Allen Bradley. Swapping to the Danfoss drive is usually as straightforward as replacing the original like for like. The replacement will also provide better motor control, reliability and energy savings. Please feel free to contact us and one of our automation engineers can double check the suitability of the replacement.


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Over the past several years, most (but not all) states made strides in reducing their inventory of bridges in poor condition.
Friday marked the seven-year anniversary of the I-35 bridge collapse in Minneapolis. The tragedy and subsequent bridge failures have helped focus public attention on the issue, leading some lawmakers to support additional investment in infrastructure.
A Governing story published in June examined how some states managed to significantly cut their tallies of structurally deficient bridges.
In the six years following the Minneapolis collapse, the number of structurally deficient bridges declined 14 percent nationwide.
To view trends for a particular state, select it in the menu below. Charts illustrate changes for structurally deficient and functionally obsolete bridges for the past 20 years.
Bridge Inspections Definitions:
- Structurally-Deficient Bridges: Bridge had deterioration of one or more major components, but is not unsafe.
- Functionally-Obsolete Bridges: Bridge was built using outdated standards, such as older design features.


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The girls were at Grandma and Grandpa Chicken's house last weekend while we were curling.
I wanted to share this string of texts.
Grandma--"5:30 am: grandma I want pancakes"
Adam--"5:30 am: it's quiet Why am I still sleeping. Where are the little monsters?"
Later...new baby chicks
Grandma--"they really want a rabbit also"
Adam--"No rabbits please!"
Grandma--"Sylvia said if they can't have a rabbit can they have a bunny?"
While we did have 8 chicks at our house for a couple weeks, they are back with Grandma now.


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The Flood Control District of Maricopa County's STEM Curriculum provides lessons which are intended to supplement current curriculum that supports Earth's water standards. All of the lessons have been developed in alignment with Arizona Science Standards.
This curriculum provides elementary and middle school teachers with inquiry-based, hands on lessons that will assist in introducing meteorology, emergency planning, and engineering concepts to students. Additional grade levels are being developed, so check back or modify one of the current lessons for your students.
The lessons are a resource for you and can be changed or modified to fit the needs of your students. Feel free to use all or just some of the lessons provided. There are resource kits available with materials necessary for the hands-on components of the lessons. There are a limited number for checkout, so call ahead to reserve. Contact our Outreach Coordination Liaison, Ellen Spielman at 602-506-8773 to reserve a kit.
Each grade level unit includes:


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The concert tour once hailed as one of the year's hottest tickets has just canceled scheduled performances.
According to the Live Nation website, all performances of Lady Gaga and Kanye West have been canceled. No reason for the cancellation has been given.
The Chicago Sun-Times reports that West was the one who pulled the plug. However, several blogs suggest Lady Gaga was the one who decided to cancel.
After West's now-infamous VMA move interrupting Taylor Swift, controversy has swirled around the likelihood that the tour would go on as scheduled.
MSNBC reported earlier this week that West was caught on video drinking cognac straight from the bottle before the Swift incident. The day after the VMA's, West appeared on "Leno" where he was brought to tears discussing what his late mother would think of his recent actions.
Many blogs and columnists speculated that rehab may be in the works for the artist.
The original lineup of shows included a performance at San Diego Sports Arena in November. Local fans who had bought tickets were discussing the news on Twitter Thursday afternoon. Here are some of the posts:
@misaisms: I'm actually relieved that I don't have to sit through half a concert of Kanye.
@journiepants: I'm really upset the kanye and gaga tour got cancelled. I was so stoked.
@unlvsac: Kanye and Lady GaGa cancel tour...man Kanye is just a mess right now
In a news release, Live Nation announced refunds are available at the point of purchase. Tickets purchased online and via phone will be refunded automatically.
Let us know what you think. Comment below, send us your thoughts via Twitter @nbcsandiego or add your comment to our Facebook page.


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What is a Podcast?
When you hear the word "podcast", you may think you need an iPod to listen to an audio podcast. The truth is you don't need an iPod or even a portable music player to listen to an audio podcast. All you really need is a computer.
A podcast is a way for individuals to automatically get audio files by signing up (subscribing) to a special podcast feed. Whenever new audio files are available online, the feed gets updated and a subscriber can see a list of new audio available and choose to listen to the audio on their computer or download into a portable music player.
All Illinois Courts audio podcasts are FREE.
What do I need?
Today, all an individual needs to subscribe to a podcast is a current version of your favorite browser or podcast software. Most podcast software is available as a free download.
Some of the most popular podcast software are:
To subscribe with a browser, an individual clicks on .and subscribes to the feed.
To subscribe with podcast software, an individual clicks on , then copies the URL of the feed and pastes it into their podcasting software. This will subscribe them to the feed and their podcast software will automatically check our podcast feed for updates and new audio files can be downloaded.


text: @Eoin, My phone pinged with notification of your comment literally moments after George & I were reminiscing about Second Breakfast with Denis. Any hint of sunshine and the three of us would put on coats and hats and have our tea & scones outdoors. He's in our thoughts a lot. You and the rest of the family are, too. I'll keep in touch xx


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Milwaukee Marriott Downtown to open Wednesday
The first guests will check in Wednesday at Milwaukee's newest hotel.
The Milwaukee Marriott Downtown is located at the corner of North Milwaukee Street and East Wisconsin Avenue.
It has 205 rooms, a Starbucks and a restaurant featuring Milwaukee specialties.
"We have 20 different Wisconsin brews on tap. We also feature all Wisconsin cheeses, and you're able to select your menu sort of like a sushi menu. Pick a cheese, pick a meat, pick several cheeses, several meats, put your own experience together and really get a good flavor of Wisconsin," General Manger Jeff Hess said.
The hotel was designed by Milwaukee-based architecture and design firm Kahler Slater and incorporates a majority of the existing 19th-century Wisconsin Avenue buildings that originally stood on the site and their historic facades.
Construction of the hotel provoked some controversy over preserving the history of downtown.


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Patrick Michaud is the pumpking for the "Rakudo" Perl 6 compiler. He holds a Ph.D. in Computer Science and was formerly a Professor of Computer Science at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi. He is currently a software developer and consultant focused on open source development and applications, including Perl, PmWiki, and Linux.
For information on exhibition and sponsorship opportunities at the conference, contact Sharon Cordesse at firstname.lastname@example.com
Download the OSCON Sponsor/Exhibitor Prospectus
Download the Media & Promotional Partner Brochure (PDF) for information on trade opportunities with O'Reilly conferences or contact mediapartners@ oreilly.com
For media-related inquiries, contact Maureen Jennings at firstname.lastname@example.com
To stay abreast of conference news and to receive email notification when registration opens, please sign up for the OSCON Newsletter (login required)
Have an idea for OSCON to share? email@example.com
View a complete list of OSCON contacts


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People ask questions about Einstein's special theory of relativity: How did Einstein come up with the theory of special relativity? What did he invent? What is the theory of special relativity? How did Einstein discover special relativity? Was Einstein the first to arrive at special relativity? Was Einstein the first to invent E = mc2?
Did Poincaré publish special relativity before Einstein? Was Einstein's special theory of relativity revolutionary for scientists of his day? How did the scientific community receive Einstein's theory of special relativity when he published it? What were the initial reaction in the scientific community after Einstein had published his paper on special relativity?
In my book, Einstein's Pathway to the Special Theory of Relativity, I try to answer these and many other questions.The topics discussed in my book are the following:
I start with Einstein's childhood and school days.
I then discuss Einstein's student days at the Zurich Polytechnic. Einstein the rebellious cannot take authority, the patent office, Annus Mirabilis, University of Bern and University of Zurich, Minkowski's space-time formalism of special relativity.
Young Einstein, Aarau Class 1896
Additional topics treeated in my book are the following: Fizeau's water tube experiment, Fresnel's formula (Fresnel's dragging coefficient), stellar aberration, and the Michelson and Michelson-Morley Experiments.
Albert Einstein at the Patent office
Mileva Marić and Einstein
Eduard Tete, Mileva Marić and Hans Albert
Einstein's road to the special theory of relativity: Einstein first believes in the ether, he imagines the chasing a light beam thought experiment and the magnet and conductor thought experiment. Did Einstein respond to the Michelson and Morley experiment? Emission theory, Fizeau's water tube experiment and ether drift experiments and Einstein's path to special relativity; "The Step".
Henri Poincaré's possible influence on Einstein's road to the special theory of relativity.
Einstein's methodology and creativity, special principle of relativity and principle of constancy of the velocity of light, no signal moves beyond the speed of light, rigid body and special relativity, the meaning of distant simultaneity, clock synchronization, Lorentz contraction, challenges to Einstein's connection of synchronisation and Lorentz contraction, Lorentz transformation with no light postulate, superluminal velocities, Laue's derivation of Fresnel's formula, the clock paradox and twin paradox, light quanta, mass-energy equivalence, variation of mass with velocity, Kaufmann's experiments, the principles of relativity as heuristic principles, and Miller ether drift experiments.
The book also briefly discusses general relativity: Einstein's 1920 "Geometry and Experience" talk (Einstein's notion of practical geometry), equivalence principle, equivalence of gravitational and inertial mass, Galileo's free fall, generalized principle of relativity, gravitational time dilation, the Zurich Notebook, theory of static gravitational fields, the metric tensor, the Einstein-Besso manuscript, Einstein-Grossmann Entwurf theory and Entwurf field equations, the hole argument, the inertio-gravitational field, Einstein's general relativity: November 1915 field equations, general covariance and generally covariant field equations, the advance of Mercury's perihelion, Schwarzschild's solution and singularity, Mach's principle, Einstein's 1920 suggestion: Mach's ether, Einstein's static universe, the cosmological constant, de Sitter's universe, and other topics in general relativity and cosmology which lead directly to my second book, General Relativity Conflict and Rivalries.


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Free First Saturday: Grassroots
Our creative, social, and family networks shape who we are and the places we live. This daylong extravaganza features dance performances and collaborative crafting–including a giant crocheted rug–as part of a festival of locally grown talent.
Gallery admission is free for everyone on the first Saturday of each month from 10 am to 5 pm, with a variety of family activities scheduled from 10 am to 3 pm.
Schedule of Events
Art Activity: Botanical Mash-ups, 10 am–3 pm
Minneapolis Sculpture Garden
Create an alien plant by combining materials found in your backyard—pinecones and needles, maple and ash seeds, and more. Led by artist Jim Proctor, this activity transforms plant material into bizarre and fantastical creations.
Two Rivers Folk School, 10 am–3 pm
Minneapolis Sculpture Garden
• Hand Felting: Learn about wool felting by transforming soft fibers into thick felt using just soap, water, and your two hands. Add your felt piece to a collaborative soft sculpture.
• Whittling: Learn how to transform a piece of wood into a spoon or butter knife. Local whittlers will be on hand to teach the basics of wood carving.
• Natural Dying: Catch a demonstration of fiber dyeing with flowers, plants, and food scraps, led by Kristi Fackel.
Performance: MTM@10, 11 am and 2 pm
Minneapolis Sculpture Garden
Now in its 10th edition, the Momentum: New Dance Works series introduces the next generation's most promising choreographers and offers a snapshot of Minnesota's contemporary dance landscape. In celebration of the Minneapolis Sculpture Garden's 25th anniversary, three Momentum alumni perform dances newly commissioned by the Walker as part of the Free First Saturday festivities. Program notes are available online.


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Our web site is designed to provide general information to educate users about programs and services, which may be available through our hospitals. The web site is not intended to provide medical advice nor should the information be used to attempt to determine the presence, absence or severity of any illness or medical condition which may be perceived or experienced by the user of this site. If you have or suspect you may have an illness or condition which you believe requires medical attention, we recommend you call your primary care physician. If you believe you are experiencing a medical emergency please call "911" (or your local medical emergency number) or seek immediate care from the nearest hospital Emergency Department. The provision of information to users of this web site is not intended as an inducement or to otherwise influence a person's decision to order or receive any item or service from a particular provider, practitioner or supplier that is reimbursable under Medicare, a state healthcare program (e.g., AHCCS) or any other healthcare plan.
Physicians are members of the medical staff at each facility, but are independent contractors who are neither employees nor agents of Tenet Florida Coastal Division; and, as a result, Tenet Florida Coastal Division is not responsible for the actions of any of these physicians in their medical practices.


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Before & After. What a difference a week makes.
The February 4, 2008 issue of Sports Illustrated magazine was on the newsstands the previous week, before the Super Bowl. The cover story (written by Peter King) asked, "Can the Giants Get to Brady?"
As the nation and NFL fans the world over witnessed on February third, indeed, they can. They did.
The February 11, 2008 issue of Sports Illustrated hit the stands this week, after the Super Bowl. The text on the cover was no longer a question. Instead, it became a statement (made by Tim Layden): "What a Catch, What an Upset."
Also of note in the Feb. 11 issue is a photograph taken by Bob Rosato that appears in the first few pages (after the ads and table of contents) and is probably one that Giants wide receiver Plaxico Burress would like framed.
Rosato must've been standing just outside the end zone on the Patriots' side of the field (click here for a bigger version). Not only is this photo a record of an irreplaceable experience about to happen, but everything about, in, and of the image is quite moving. It inspires awe, joy, and even sadness–for me at any rate. When I first saw it at the bookstore, I stood there for several seconds, my eyes unable to turn away. Specifically, I couldn't get over New England cornerback Ellis Hobbs's expression. It cries shock, horror, and grief all mixed.
You can't really tell from here, but if you pick up a copy of the actual magazine and examine his face, you'll see what I mean.
I was also intrigued by the stances of the other players (twelve of which are fully visible, two are obscured). Only two of them (on the far left) are unquestionably standing still. The rest of the Giants and Patriots (not counting New England linebacker Junior Seau on the ground) the in the photo still approaching the end zone with complete "surprise" etched across their auras.
And look, the skycam makes it inside the camera's lens.
For all of you who, like me, do not have cable (and thus, can't watch ESPN or NFL Network in the off-season for pigskin fixes), don't miss the last hurrah for the time being. 2008 Pro-Bowl tomorrow on Fox (4:30pm east coast time).
pix creds: Sports Illustrated


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Of course you can! All METRO SCAT buses and regular line service buses are equipped with either a ramp or lifts for people who use wheelchairs or mobility aids.
Most types of wheelchairs or mobility aids are accommodated on all METRO buses, provided they fit on the lift platform or boarding ramp. In order for your mobility aid to fit properly on the lift and in the designated area on the bus, it must meet the following requirements:
Plan ahead! Know your destination and familiarize yourself with the stops on your route. Experienced passengers who use wheelchairs recommend you:
The bus operator's job is to assist you! Just make sure the operator knows you would like his or her assistance. After operating the lift from the driver's seat, the bus operator can help you secure your mobility aid.
Wait for the next regular line service bus or a SCAT bus will be called to pick you up.
You may give our Customer Services Department a call at 330-762-0341. Feel free to visit our comment page to send your questions via e-mail.


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Mile per hour - Foot per second units conversion tool
Warning: A mile equals to 5280 feet. The length of the foot unit varies slightly according to the system used. In this page we use 1 feet = 0.3048 meter. The "mile" and the "nautical mile" are two different units. A nautical mile equals to 1852 meters.
Quick reference table
Conversion of units
Note: The calculations may contain involuntary errors. You only may use the results under your own responsibility. We are not responsible from the use of the results obtained.


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Oy Pain. Berkmaniacs are Beaten in Spirit.
In Pumorian. We weep.
It seems like our former guy, the man I loved so much to watch in the box, the man who could never really come through in the last few years for Houston, would rather pour it on now, and it seems spiteful, it seems so obvious to any Astros fan. Let Blue Jay, Brewer, or Marlins' fans awe in Berkman's massive one man slaughter of the starred ones on Thursday night, we know better, Houston fans. This was the only outcome. Poetic justice and revenge play out with melancholy redundancy against our squad. The bigger the ex-player, the bigger the beating. I called this very heinous Berkman beat down to my father via e-mail in March. Should have spent the week in Vegas.
But the truth is that Lance was only going to succeed somewhere else. He had battled under too many injuries and expectations for too long in Texas, with a team "sort of" built around him, and glory fading from him in every at bat. Not to his fault, he gave everything, but we all knew he'd never be the same in Houston, there was too much history. It was like when we went to the World Series, Berkman and the other boys of summer left us at the altar, and instead of worshipping them as our heroes, we felt embarrassed, hung out to dry by our listless 'Stros in the biggest spotlight. This isn't actually true, our guys played hard in that four game sweep, but after that, the fan base was stung, and the team was dismantled, forever rustling Berkman's feathers because, let's face it, all his buddies either retired or were traded away.
The Puma's renaissance in St. Louis comes with fresh perspective, patience, and protection in the line up. We should only wish him the best, always, even if he enjoyed pummeling his former team a little bit too much this series.
After all, we have a new, hungry squad, out from under the Berkman and Oswalt shadow, and playing like a group that wants a taste of victory, even if their taste buds have been fried by one of the foulest flavored bullpens Houston has ever had. (I hope only so far: Really, your name is ABAD? Even that joke is too easy to hit.) Bourn, Pence, and Wallace could not be themselves if old Puma was still holding court in H-town.
So breathe out Houston diehards, be glad you survived the inevitable with one win, and know that it's possible, if Fat Elvis keeps playing like this, we'll see his happy ass in Cooperstown. And he wouldn't be caught dead there in Cardinal red, no matter what anyone says.
May Lance Hit This Well Against The Cubs,


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Blog writing was always a bit of an erratic beast, however I have even surprised myself about how long it is since there were regular reports on here. Mind you, a lot has happened nationally, locally & personally to focus our minds elsewhere over the last two years. It seems that my last frequent blogging was early last year, 2011.
February 22 last year, this generation of New Zealanders experienced the trauma of a major natural disaster. An earthquake struck the heart of the city at 12:51pm. 185 people died, many many homes & businesses were ruined, and the on-going effects will be part of New Zealand's future for all of us now. The trauma changed the people & face of our second most populated city forever.
As part of one of the many volunteer organisations that responded to the needs of the city & its people in the hours, days & weeks following the earthquake Annie spent almost a month in the city, and PB also had two periods of time there.
Two of our geocaching pals were significantly involved in the response efforts for their organisations, and as it happened we all finished up or had a gap in our duties on the same weekend. So, someone declared – 'let's go caching.' These pictures are from that trip around the middle of March 2011.
We packed four cachers & all their requirements into our van & off we went. I don't even remember now if there was a specific plan. I'm guessing not – other than 'find next'! But I'm sure the boys will enlighten me if I've forgotten.
Sunset somewhere along the way on the Friday night. Somewhere between Christchurch & Tekapo maybe.
Everyone took turn at driving – or sleeping! Some did more sleeping than others.
It appears from this photo that I did find at least one cache. But I'm afraid I wasn't any where near fast enough to get most of them. I guess that's the 'problem' with going caching with experienced 'binge' & record setting cachers. Ah well, it sure is one way to up the numbers if your stats need a bit of a boost. We've got 59 finds from that weekend. And 2 DNFs. I expect there were probably a few more of each, but those are the ones that made it to my records. Quite a lot for one weekend for us. And nothing much at all for our caching pals. (You know who you are. 🙂 )
One of my favourites and most memorable was a rough road through the stunning Mackenzie Country scenery to a DNF. The very spot we needed to search was occupied by mustering muggle horses and no doubt their humans were somewhere nearby. Oh well, it was a nice drive.
More fantastic Mackenzie views – this is from Mt John near Lake Tekapo. Those who chose can walk up this little hill. Others drive. Guess which we did? We'd been here before but some of the party hadn't and its always worth a visit for the stunning views anyways. There is an earthcache this area as well as a traditional.
We can't even remember some of this trip now, we were that tired, but it was actually a great idea to do something crazy like this after finishing up & before going home to 'normality.' It allowed us to wind down & get out of 'emergency response' mode. I think we would have felt very dislocated or dis-associated if we had just gone straight back to our regular routine. That in its self was a good thing to learn.


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GRAND FORKS, N.D. -- Was it the major lineup shuffling that made a difference for the UND men's hockey team tonight?
A night after being outshot 33-15 in losing the Western Collegiate Hockey Association opener 3-1 to visiting St. Cloud State in a performance some UND players called "embarrassing,'' UND turned the tables tonight.
Not on the scoreboard, which showed a 2-2 overtime tie between UND and the Huskies. But UND outshot the Huskies 36-18, almost a reversal of Friday night, and left the sellout of 11,937 cheering on UND instead of some booing the night before.
UND coach Dave Hakstol changed the line combinations on three of his four lines, the pairings on two of his three defensive units and switched the starting goalie as well.
Yet what changed most, Hakstol said, had nothing to do with his lineup changes.
"Biggest change was our intensity and effort for the entire 65 minutes,'' Hakstol said. "Regardless of what the line combinations or D pairs are, if you play that hard night in and night out, you're going to win the majority of hockey games that we play.''
Still, North Dakota came out of the weekend with just one of a possible four points, the second consecutive weekend that has run true.
The tie dropped UND into a three-way tie for fourth place in the WCHA with Wisconsin and Minnesota State, with the Badgers coming to Grand Forks next weekend.
For the second night in a row, a bounce off the end boards set up an early goal for the Huskies, who retained sole possession of the WCHA lead with the tie.
Jimmy Murray's initial shot kicked off the back wall and out on the opposite side to linemate Ben Hanowski. He had open net to shoot at with UND goalie Clarke Saunders (Jr., Brockville, Ontario) caught on the other side of the net for a 1-0 Huskie lead courtesy of the power-play goal.
UND struck back to take a 2-1 lead before the period was over, however.
Senior wing Danny Kristo (Eden Prairie, Minn.) scored his second career shorthanded goal and his team-best 15th goal of the season at 5:02 to tie it at 1-all. He converted a centering pass from behind the net from center Corban Knight (High River, Alberta).
It was evident early that UND was back on its game. UND had eight shots on goal in the first 6:45 of the game after needing two full periods Friday to muster eight shots.
Knight gave UND the lead at 15:45 of the opening period. Ten seconds after UND dominated the zone on the power play but could not score, Knight blasted in his 12th of the season before the Huskies could get fresh skaters on the ice. He hit the far corner with a wrister from the top of the faceoff circle.
But early in the second period with a delayed hooking penalty coming on UND freshman defenseman Jordan Schmaltz (Verona, Wis.), St. Cloud tied it with the extra attacker before the penalty was enforced.
Hanowski, stationed at the side of the net, scored his second of the game and third of the weekend when he tipped in a hard pass from Drew LeBlanc just 1:57 into the second period. That concluded the scoring.
UND outshot the Huskies in every period, including overtime, but Ryan Faragher made 34 saves and UND misfired by inches on a few deflections to leave the game in a tie.
The tie wasn't what Hakstol wanted, though. "In terms of our team play, our performance and effort, I feel good about that,'' Hakstol said. "But to come away with one point, it's hard to feel good about anything.''
Kristo, who had a goal and an assist and was voted the game's No. 1 star by the media, agreed. "Definitely stings,'' he said. "I thought we deserved a better outcome. I thought we outplayed them all three periods. That's just the way it goes sometimes.''
Saunders finished with 15 saves and caught a break when St. Cloud's Jonny Brodzinski hit the goal post early in the third period.
UND had more jump right from the start compared to Friday. "That was the plan,'' Kristo said. "It was pretty embarrassing after last night. I thought we did all the right things we needed to to win, but that's how it goes sometimes. The puck bounces here and there.''
Kristo was on a line with his regular center Knight with freshman Rocco Grimaldi (Rossmoor, Calif.) joining them on right wing. The three of them had 15 of UND's 36 shots, led by Knight with six. That line also scored both of UND's goals, though Kristo's came shorthanded.
Said Knight, "We left a point out there on Saturday night in a home game, so I don't think anybody's satisfied in that room right now. Definitely something's that pretty frustrating right now.''
UND had little puck luck either night. "That's hockey for you,'' Knight said. "Sometimes they go for you and sometimes they don't. It seems like tonight they weren't really going for us. We had a couple of Grade A chances that either their goalie made a good save, or it kind of bounced away us.''
UND NOTES: Ex-UND and long-time NHL defenseman Mike Commodore was at the weekend games and will stay in Grand Forks and work out at UND in hopes of landing a free agent contract with some NHL team . . . St. Cloud was 1-for-3 on the power play, but gave up the shorthanded goal....UND was 0-for-3 on the power play. . .. Hanowski was named No. 2 star and Knight No. 3 . . . Knight won 15 of 25 draws while St. Cloud's Nic Dowd won 12 of 18 as UND finished with a 34-31 edge.
Virg Foss covered UND hockey for 35 seasons for the Grand Forks Herald until his retirement in 2005. He now reports on UND home games exclusively for UNDSports.com.


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If you've ever dreamed of having the big blue eyes of stars like Nicole Kidman or Kate Bosworth, you're in luck – according to Dr. Gregg Homer you may be able to change your eye color from brown to blue.
His technique, which he claims he has been perfecting for the past 10 years, involves using a laser to degrade the brown pigment in the iris, leaving the blue pigment intact. The procedure is said to take about 20 seconds and the change from brown to blue takes 2-3 weeks. Once you go blue though, you can never go back.
But here's a warning – you'd better start saving your pennies. From CBSnews.com:
In any case, the technique isn't quite ready for prime time. Dr. Homer told KTLA that he foresees another year or so of testing, with the technique becoming available outside the U.S. within 18 months and in the U.S. within three years.
But blue eyes will cost plenty of green. According to KTLA, the procedure is expected to run about $5,000.


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WASHINGTON -- Choosing healthier foods at the grocery store may soon be a little easier.
The Food and Drug Administration is proposing several changes to the nutrition labels you see on packaged foods and beverages. If approved, the new labels would place a bigger emphasis on total calories, added sugars and certain nutrients, such as Vitamin D and potassium.
The FDA is also proposing changes to serving size requirements in an effort to more accurately reflect what people usually eat or drink. For example, if you buy a 20-ounce soda, you're probably not going to stop drinking at the 8-ounce mark. The new rules would require that entire soda bottle to be one serving size -- making calorie counting simpler.
This is the first overhaul for nutrition labels since the FDA began requiring them more than 20 years ago. There has been a shift in shoppers' priorities as nutrition is better understood and people learn what they should watch for on a label, administration officials said.
"You as a parent and a consumer should be able to walk into your local grocery store, pick up an item off the shelf, and be able to tell whether it's good for your family," first lady Michelle Obama said in a press release. "So this is a big deal, and it's going to make a big difference for families all across this country."
The proposed labels would remove the "calories from fat" line you currently see on labels, focusing instead on total calories found in each serving. Nutritionists have come to understand that the type of fat you're eating matters more than the calories from fat. As such, the breakdown of total fat vs. saturated and trans fat would remain.
The proposed labels would also note how much added sugar is in a product. Right now, it's hard to know what is naturally occurring sugar and what has been added by the manufacturer.
"Now when Americans pull a product from the supermarket shelf, they will have a clear idea of how much sugar that product really contains," American Heart Association CEO Nancy Brown said.
Chemically, added sugar is the same, but studies show many Americans eat more sugar than they realize. The American Heart Association recommends you limit added sugar to no more than half your daily discretionary calories. That means for American men, about 150 calories a day, or nine teaspoons. For women it's a smaller amount -- no more than 100 calories per day from added sugar, or about six teaspoons of sugar.
The FDA also plans to update the daily values for certain nutrients such as sodium, dietary fiber and Vitamin D. For instance, the daily limit for sodium was 2,400 milligrams. If the new rules take effect, the daily value will be 2,300 milligrams, administration officials said.
Food and beverage companies would also be required to declare the amount of Vitamin D and potassium in a product, as well as calcium and iron. Research shows Americans tend not to consume enough Vitamin D for good bone health. And potassium is essential in keeping your blood pressure in check.
Administration officials said about 17% of current serving size requirements will be changing, and the FDA is adding 25 categories for products that weren't commonly around 20 years ago (think pot stickers, sesame oil and sun-dried tomatoes).
Most of the required serving sizes will be going up; no one eats just half a cup of ice cream, for instance. Others, like yogurt, will be going down.
"This will help people better understand how many calories they actually consume, especially if they plan to eat all the food in a container or package," Brown said.
While the American Heart Association and advocacy group Center for Science in the Public Interest commended the FDA's changes, they noted that there was more to do.
Both organizations said the FDA's sodium recommendation was still too high. Brown said the association will continue to recommend sodium intake be limited to 1,500 milligrams a day.
CSPI said it will also request that the FDA include a daily value of 25 grams for added sugars. "Thus, the Nutrition Facts label for a 16.9-ounce bottle of soda would indicate that its 58 grams of added sugars represents 230 percent of the DV," the group said in an e-mail.
With this announcement, the FDA has opened a 90-day comment period, during which experts and members of the public can provide input on the proposed rules. The FDA will then issue a final rule. Officials said they hope to complete the process this year.
Manufacturing companies will then have two years to implement the changes.
Nutrition labels have remained pretty much the same for decades. It wasn't until the late 1960s that most food labels listed any nutrition information.
At the time, labels with calorie or sodium counts were mainly used on products the FDA considered to have "special dietary uses," for people with high blood pressure who were watching sodium, for instance.
Most people were making meals at home then, so there wasn't a huge demand for this information. That changed as more people started eating processed foods.
Noticing the trend, the White House pulled together a conference of nutritionists and food manufacturers in 1969. Nutrition labeling was voluntary at first. It wasn't until 1990 that the FDA required nutrition labels for most prepared and packaged foods. Labels for raw produce and fish remain voluntary.
More Americans today are interested in what's on these nutrition labels, research shows.
A USDA study released last month showed 42% of working-age adults between 29 and 68 looked at these labels most or all of the time when shopping. Some 57% of Americans older than 68 did as well. That's up from 2007, when 34% of working-age adults looked at the label, and 51% of Americans older than 68 did.
The increase is good news as the United States struggles with an obesity epidemic. Some studies have shown that people who read labels eat healthier. More than a third of all Americans are obese, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
™ & © 2014 Cable News Network, Inc., a Time Warner Company. All rights reserved.


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Braves start off hot, then hold on late for win
Final out in series-opening victory vs. Reds confirmed by replay
ATLANTA -- Justin Upton provided another early power spark and Freddie Freeman once again showed his value extends far beyond what he provides with his bat. But Braves manager Fredi Gonzalez did not feel a sense of relief until an instant-replay review confirmed Craig Kimbrel had indeed escaped his latest jam.
The Braves essentially celebrated Friday night's 5-4 win over the Reds twice. They were relieved when Freeman used his long wingspan to secure Chris Johnson's throw while keeping his right foot on first base as he fell to the ground. But they did not exhale until a replay review confirmed first-base umpire Vic Carapazza's out call to end the game.
"I didn't know until I saw the replay on the board and I felt a little relieved," Gonzalez said. "But you just never know how they are going to come out from under the headset. I've seen plays where they had a better angle or another feed. But from the feeds I saw on the board, he was clearly out."
Reds manager Bryan Price agreed with the confirmation that concluded the first game in Major League history to end with a replay review. It certainly didn't look like this dramatic ending was in the cards when the Braves gained an early five-run advantage with the help of Upton's three-run, first-inning home run off Homer Bailey.
"We go out and get five runs early," Gonzalez said. "In the pit of your stomach, you're thinking this is a good-hitting club and we've got some opportunities and we haven't added on after the third. Sure enough, they got first and second with nobody out there in the ninth inning."
After experiencing his second straight disappointing outing on Monday, Kimbrel worked a perfect ninth inning in Wednesday's win over the Marlins. But the Braves' dominant closer was once again staring at trouble when he allowed the first two Reds he faced to reach safely. Two outs later, Joey Votto sent a chopper toward Johnson, who fired to first base and then watched Freeman save him with his game-ending stretch. If Freeman had not kept contact with the bag as he secured Johnson's throw, the Reds would have likely tied the game courtesy of Roger Bernadina, who was racing toward the plate as Freeman completed his stretch.
"The Reds guy [Votto] has gotten some accolades defensively," Gonzalez said. "But Freeman, I'll put him up there with him defensively. He doesn't get as much credit as he deserves."
With wins in 10 of their past 14 games, the Braves have improved their National League East-leading record to 15-7, matching the same mark they posted through last year's first 22 games. Much of this success has come courtesy of a starting rotation that had allowed more than two earned runs in just one of the previous 21 games.
Ervin Santana halted this dominant trend as he allowed the Reds four earned runs and nine hits over 6 2/3 innings. Santana had surrendered just two runs over his first three starts of the season, and it looked like he might produce another gem as he needed just 58 pitches to get through the first five innings in scoreless fashion.
Santana benefited from Jason Heyward's strong throw that denied Votto's bid to tag and score on Jay Bruce's flyout after the Reds had put runners on first and third with one out in the first inning. The Reds squandered their second double of the night in the second inning and did not crack the scoreboard until the sixth inning, which began with a Votto walk that was followed by a Brandon Phillips double.
"I didn't have my best stuff," said Santana, who saw his ERA rise from 0.86 to 1.95. "I didn't have my offspeed location until the third inning."
The Reds tallied a pair of runs in the sixth and two more in the seventh with the help of Billy Hamilton's two-out RBI double that ended Santana's night. Luis Avilan allowed the speedy Hamilton to score on Votto's single. But David Carpenter stopped the bleeding in the seventh and Jordan Walden worked a perfect eighth to extend the recent success of the Braves' bullpen, which has allowed just one earned run over 17 innings dating back to Sunday.
"They've done a great job," Upton said of the bullpen. "They've come in the game and gotten big outs when we needed them. We call them our backbone and they have done that as of late."
Freeman entered the game confident that he had overcome the vision problems that had plagued him as he had recorded one hit in his previous 17 at-bats. Along with providing the game-saving defensive gem he contributed three hits, including a third-inning leadoff single that put him in position to score on Evan Gattis' single.
But the big offensive blow came courtesy of Upton, who has now homered in the first inning of three of his past seven home starts. The surging Braves left fielder has batted .353 (18-for-51) with six home runs in his past 14 games.
"I'm just getting it going," Upton said. "Obviously it takes a little while to get going once the season starts. But I started to feel better and it's going well."


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In an electrical storm, the storm clouds are charged like giant capacitors in the sky. The upper portion of the cloud is positive and the lower portion is negative. How the cloud acquires this charge is still not agreed upon within the scientific community, but the following description provides one plausible explanation.
See some dramatic images of these occurrences. (Reuters)
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