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Sale(redirected from salire)
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Encyclopedia.
The act of relinquishing ownership of some asset in exchange for some monetary compensation. Sales may take any of several forms. In a cash sale, the seller receives cash or a cash equivalent immediately in exchange for the asset. In a credit sale, the seller surrenders ownership immediately in exchange for future payment, often with interest. An example of a sale is a simple transaction involving widgets. If the seller is willing to accept $2 per widget, and the buyer wishes to purchase 100 widgets, then the seller gives the buyer 100 widgets in exchange for $200. See also: Buy.
- the purchase of a good or service by a buyer from a seller at a stated PRICE or, in some instances, through a BARTER or COUNTERTRADE arrangement.
- price reductions applied to individual items or across the board for a limited period of time by a seller, to increase sales of existing products (a sales period), to clear old stocks prior to selling new lines (an end of season sale), or to sell off the stock of a bankrupt business (a closing down sale).
- a specially convened gathering of sellers and buyers organized as a one-off event such as a jumble sale or on a regular basis such as a monthly AUCTION of second-hand cars.


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Financial Toolbox™ provides functions for the mathematical modeling and statistical analysis of financial data. You can perform portfolio optimization taking into account turnover, transaction costs, semi-continuous constraints, and minimum or maximum number of assets. The toolbox enables you to estimate risk, model credit scorecards, analyze yield curves, price fixed-income instruments and European options, and measure investment performance. Time series analysis functions let you perform transformations or regressions with missing data and convert between different trading calendars and day-count conventions.
Learn the basics of Financial Toolbox
Financial market data for dates and currencies
Timetables, date transformations and merges, chart technical indicators
Cash flows and performance metrics, regression analysis, financial data charting
Create portfolios, evaluate composition of assets, perform mean-variance, CVaR, or mean absolute-deviation portfolio optimization
Credit risk, transition probabilities for credit ratings, credit quality thresholds, credit scorecards
Yield curves, valuation for fixed-income securities, equity derivatives pricing
Parametric models, such as Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) and Heston Volatility

subset: commoncrawl


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Contact your Department of Public Health
Follow your Department of Public Health on or
Thank you for visiting Saint Louis County's Safe Food Center!
The Saint Louis County Department of Public Health's Environmental Division is committed to ensuring that anyone living in, working in, or just visiting Saint Louis County is able to find safe food establishments throughout the area. Below are resources that provide important information about food safety for both consumers as well as professional food-serving establishments. All the necessary codes and forms that food service industries need to comply with county food-service requirements can also be found below.
If you have any questions, comments, or complaints, please contact us at [email protected]. Thank you!
Risks of Food Poisoning Web Series
National Food Safety Education Month
Food Safety Resources for Consumers
Food Safety Resources for Food Industry Professionals
Farmers' Market Informational Documents and Applications
Back to top
FoodSafety.gov has posted a new Web series, Recipes for Disaster, which teaches the public about the risks and consequences of food poisoning. The series features a fictional cooking show host that unintentionally makes common food safety mistakes when preparing her dishes. Learn more.
September is National Food Safety Education Month and the Saint Louis County Department of Public Health would like to provide you with information.
National Food Safety Education Month was created in 1994 to heighten the awareness about the importance of food safety education. Each year a new theme and free training activities and posters are created for the restaurant and foodservice industry to help reinforce proper food safety practices and procedures.
Check Your Steps
Clean, Separate, Cook, and Chill are the most effective ways to help keep your family safe from food poisoning.
The following links are provided to help those interested in food safety and promoting food safety during this annual campaign.
- Food Safety Education
- Home Food Safety Mythbusters
Home Food Safety
Resources for Dining Out
Safe Food Handling
Thawing Foods
Cross Contamination
Using a Thermometer
Final Cooking Temperatures
Cold Storage
Warm Weather Food Safety Tips
Food Irradiation
Food and Food Products Recalls*
FDA Kids Page*
Restaurant Inspections
Register a Complaint
* These links connect you to external web pages. Your Public Health Department is not responsible for the content of these sites.
Professional Food Preparation
Resources for Owners/Operators
Hand Washing
Cleaning and Sanitizing
Food Receiving and Storage
Holding Temperatures
Cooling Foods Properly
Information about Opening a New Food Establishment
Information for New Owners/Operators of an Existing Food Establishment
Information about Remodeling an Existing Food Establishment
Information about Operating a Mobile Unit/Pushcart or Seasonal Operation
Information about Operating a Temporary Food Establishment
Information for Owners/Operators Affected by Flooding
Other Food Industry Resources
Special Events Permits Brochure
Food Handler Vaccinations
Application for Health Permit / Seasonal Health Permit
Facts in Other Languages*
Saint Louis County Food Code
Foodborne Illness Response
Guidelines *


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This website provides access to the research results of the VECTORS project, which can be used to support marine management decisions, policies and governance as well as future research and investment.
VECTORS was a large scale project that brought together more than 200 expert researchers from 16 different countries. It examined the significant changes taking place in European seas, their causes, and the impacts they will have on society.
Land-based pollution involves a number of inter-related pressures such as eutrophication, hypoxia, turbidity, redox potential discontinuity, and various types of biological and chemical contamination.
Eutrophication is a common problem in all three seas considered. In the Baltic Sea it is mainly related to farming and managed forestry. In the Western Mediterranean Sea, eutrophic conditions are increasingly reported in the last decades in coastal and transitional waters, leading to dystrophic crises and benthic and fish kills. Some regions of the North Sea receive large quantities of anthropogenic nutrients through large rivers, and to a lesser extent from atmospheric deposition and discharges from plants that treat wastewater.
The main areas affected by hypoxia in the Mediterranean Sea are coastal zones and lagoons where environmental features are: low depth, high productivity, organic matter enrichment and low hydrodynamic forces. In the Baltic Sea hypoxia is widespread in large areas both in the open deeper parts and at coastal stations. A side effect is increased release of phosphorous from sediments, giving a feed back to eutrophication. In the North Sea, hypoxia can occur seasonally particularly under stratified conditions in areas with high rates of production by phytoplankton.
VECTORS results are of help in identifying causes and effects of land-based pollution and in suggesting priorities for management and prevention.
The content of this website may be subject to copyright, if you wish to use any of the information or figures please contact the attributed author(s).
This project has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 266445
© Vectors 2015. Coordinated by Plymouth Marine Laboratory.
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IRAN PETITION, from Marjane Satrapi
This email came in this morning—
Dear Friends
To all who believe in freedom and democracy
Please sign this petition to the United Nations to stop the violence, arrestations and torture in Iran.
The situation is really really bad.
Please forward it to whoever you know
Best and lots of love
Marjane Satrapi


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Suspect's Mother In Jennifer Hudson Case Speaks Out! "No Way Did My Son Did This"
CNN reports "CNN's Nancy Grace speaks to the mother of William Balfour, 'person of interest' in the Jennifer Hudson family murders.". R.I.P to the members that passed away in Hudson's family
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


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KABUL, Afghanistan - Three men wearing Afghan army uniforms and driving an Afghan army vehicle forced their way onto a U.S. base in eastern Afghanistan on Friday and opened fire, killing one civilian contractor and wounding other U.S. troops, U.S. defense officials said.
If the shooters do prove to be Afghan soldiers, it will be the second insider attack this year by Kabul's forces against their international allies. The attack happened at midday, several hours before Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel arrived in Afghanistan for his first visit as Pentagon chief.
The attack highlights the continuing dangers faced by U.S. troops even as they hand over more security duties to the Afghans ahead of the end of NATO combat operations in 2014. Nonetheless, such incidents have become less frequent since 2012, when coalition forces faced a rash of insider attacks at the rate of roughly one attack a week.
NATO spokesman Maj. Adam Wojack says all three attackers were killed in the incident at a U.S. base in the Tagab district in Kapisa province, and Afghan and NATO coalition officials are now investigating.
A second U.S. defense official said initial reports indicated three U.S. troops were wounded in the firefight. The official spoke anonymously because the investigation is ongoing. The military will not release the contractor's nationality until next of kin has been notified.
Afghan official Abdul Sabor Wafa, chief of staff for the Kapisa governor, says the attack happened at 1:30 p.m. local time, and that the attackers were not able to penetrate the base but were killed as they tried to storm the gate. Wafa said Afghan defense officials had not yet established if the men were Afghan soldiers or militants wearing stolen uniforms.
A Taliban spokesman said they did not carry out the attack, and insisted in a statement to the AP that the attackers were from the Afghan army.
If they were soldiers as opposed to disguised insurgents, then it will be only the second such attack this year - the first being in January when an Afghan soldier turned his weapon against foreign and Afghan troops, killing one British soldier.
That's a slower pace than in 2012, when coalition troops were hit with 46 "green on blue" attacks that killed 62 coalition troops and wounded 95, according to a senior coalition intelligence officer. The officer spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to speak publicly. By AP's count, at least 63 coalition troops were killed, and by this time last year, eight attacks had already happened. In 2011, 21 insider attacks killed 35.
The officer attributed the reduced number of such incidents to measures like better vetting of Afghan soldiers, and both U.S. and Afghan commanders increasing their counterintelligence resources devoted to scanning Afghan ranks for signs of discontent, among other measures.
Gen. James Mattis, the U.S. Central Command chief who oversees U.S. military operations in Afghanistan and across the greater Middle East, told a House committee on Wednesday that he is pleased to see a recent drop-off in insider attacks.
"I think I know why it's gone down," he said. "It has to do with training. It has to do with counterintelligence training we've given to the Afghans so they have ferreted out some of these people inside their ranks, and caught them. And we have very good techniques for doing that."
U.S. forces are also conducting far fewer joint operations with Afghan troops ahead of the 2014 transition, so there are fewer opportunities for the two to interact.


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Thursday, November 7 - 10:00 am - 12:00 pm
Second Sense
65 E. Wacker Place, Suite 1010
Chicago, IL 60601
Often, people with vision loss feel vulnerable when out and about conducting their daily activities. At Second Sense, we are excited to include the 1Touch™ Self Defense course as a part of our regular programming to help empower individuals with vision loss to feel increased self-confidence and independence.
The 1Touch Self Defense course is specifically designed for people with vision loss. No prior Martial Arts experience is required.
This 12-week 1Touch course can help enhance your:
- spacial orientation,
- dexterity,
- tactile sensitivity, and
- mobility.
All interested participants must pre-register for 1Touch Self-Defense. Please contact Polly Abbott at 312-236-8569 or email Polly Abbott. to learn more.
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Department of Human Evolution
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6
04103 Leipzig
phone: +49 (341) 3550 - 350
fax: +49 (0341) 3550 - 399
e-mail: streiber@[>>> Please remove the brackets! <<<]eva.mpg.de
Zewdi Tsegai
Postdoctoral Researcher
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Department of Human Evolution
Deutscher Platz 6
04103 Leipzig
phone: 0049 (0) 341 3550 749
fax: 0049 (0) 341 3550 399
e-mail: zewdi_tsegai@[>>> Please remove the brackets! <<<]eva.mpg.de
Research Interests
I am a Postdoctoral Researcher in the Department of Human Evolution, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. My research focuses on the postcranial morphology of extant apes and fossil hominins to reconstruct the locomotor and tool-use behaviour of early hominins. I am primarily interested in the functional morphology of the internal structure of skeleton, trabecular and cortical bone, which adapts to behaviour during life.
For my doctoral research, I applied whole-joint methods to investigate systemic and ontogenetic variation in internal bone structure in humans and chimpanzees. Through ascertaining the extent of intra-individual and intra-specific variability of internal bone structure, this research assessed the relevance of internal bone structural analysis for reconstructing behaviour in fossil hominins.


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Earlier this week, we have come across yet another highly-interesting podcast, this time from World Radio Switzerland's Swiss By Design series. In this 17-minutes-long episode, award-winning
broadcaster and journalist Jennifer Davies meets the celebrated architect and 2009 Pritzker Architecture Prize laureate Peter Zumthor who tells her about his spa complex in Vals, how becoming an architect was a 'big escape to get away' from his father and why the 'the smell of the earth of the area' plays an important role while designing a building.
listen to the 'Swiss By Design: Architectural delights' podcast


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Go Bag
Not available now
Not available now
This version 3 blue insulated bag is great for transporting your lunch or for creating an HT "Emergency Go Bag".
There is plenty of room for your radio, batteries, accessories, Repeater Directory and more.
The top is zippered and it has a carry strap. There is a zippered pocket on the front and a web pocket on the rear.
Inside dimensions: 9 x 6 x 6 inches. Blue with Icom logo. This is not an Icom product.


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Coming of age for Swazi girls is tough. A tiny African nation of one million, Swaziland is ruled by one of the world's last remaining absolute monarchies. Its age-old tradition of polygamy and its relaxed attitude toward sexuality have met in a devastating combination for women: Swaziland reports the highest percentage of HIV positive people in the world, with young women being affected most. Half of young Swazi women are HIV positive, and life expectancy has dropped from 61 years to almost 31 years over the past ten years.
Every year, young maidens from across the country gather for the Umhlanga dance, an eight-day ceremony in honor of the Queen Mother to celebrate their virginity. I first went to Swaziland in 2006 to document this annual dance and other coming of age rites of young women living amid a spreading disease and its victims—women who, even in the face of such staggering odds and deep uncertainty, still possess all the energy and enthusiasm of youth. My goal was to capture the nuances that comprise a human, rather than simply tragic, experience.
Over the past five years, the progression of this work has moved from traditional rites of passage to modern youth culture to an intimate look inside the homes of HIV-positive women. My insights have matured along with these young women. It has allowed me to witness fast-tracked intimacy and friends lost and gained. It has made me see that girls here are constantly on the verge––of giving birth to burying best friends, of finding love to fighting for life alone, stigmatized and heartbroken.
These moments in my interactions with young Swazi women remind me of the complicated, frustrating, and deeply human nature of their predicaments, choices and desires. I've seen childhood friends reconnect across beds in a hospice, one of which was fighting the inevitable with her lone T-cell—her "one soldier." I've watched innumerable women leave their rural homes to look for nonexistent work near the city, knowing that they will make easy prey for older men who will support them for sex. I've photographed a young HIV-positive woman who refuses to take medication out of fear it would indicate to others her impending death. Instead, she tells me about her dreams of joining the army to earn "money like dust" to support herself and her newborn child, joking in the same breath about how she probably won't make it to twenty and see me on my next trip back. It is difficult to comprehend how she so easily accepts the contradictions in her life. That her own mother is too scared to tell her daughter or any of her friends that she herself has started anti-retroviral treatment—out of fear of gossip and isolation—seems to underscore the frustrating reality that for every step forward, there is a step back.
And that's the thing: there isn't a single story, just frustrating inconsistencies. Yet on each trip, I still find a sense of hope for what the future might hold, even as they navigate this narrow bridge between life and death.
Krisanne Johnson has been working on long-term personal projects about young women and HIV/AIDS in Swaziland and post-apartheid South African youth culture since 2006. Her work has appeared in various publications, including TIME, The Wall Street Journal and The New York Times, among others. I Love You Real Fast is on display through Nov. 26 at The Half King in New York City.


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Growing the nation's workforce of family physicians commanded a good deal of the AAFP's attention in 2013. Throughout the year, Academy leaders, primary care advocates and others strived, in particular, to hammer home the need for graduate medical education (GME) and other reforms designed to produce a physician workforce that aligns with the nation's evolving health care needs.
Neil Kalsi and Charity Kaiser of St. Louis University School of Medicine are two of the nearly 3,000 medical students who matched into family medicine residency programs on March 15. Both are headed to the Northwestern McGaw Family Medicine Residency Program in Chicago.
March saw yet another uptick in the number of medical school graduates choosing careers in family medicine, according to results of the National Resident Matching Program, commonly known as the Match. Out of 3,062 residency positions offered -- the most since the 2001 Match -- 2,938 positions were filled, for a fill rate of 96 percent.
In August, the AAFP's yearly national survey of family medicine residencies reinforced the positive news, showing that 67.4 percent of first-year family medicine residents graduated from U.S. allopathic or osteopathic medical schools in 2013, compared with 58 percent in 2009.
Even so, according to AAFP medical education experts in an October analysis of Match data, neither an increase in the number of family medicine residency programs available nor the boost in numbers of U.S. medical students entering family medicine will be enough to increase the nation's primary care workforce to the overall 40 percent level recommended by GME policy experts.
An accompanying article that examined factors guiding students' specialty choices found that where medical students attend school, as well as their experiences while in school, play key roles in shaping their career choices. According to corresponding author Wendy Biggs, M.D., it's important that students have a chance to observe family physicians providing "full-scope health care out in the community," which is less likely to happen in academic tertiary medical center settings in large, urban areas. To address this issue going forward, Biggs said the AAFP could continue to encourage "community-based education," something that already is happening in medical schools that have branch campuses located away from their urban-based teaching hospitals.
Meanwhile, the Association of American Medical Colleges said in a report published in May that even as enrollment at U.S. allopathic and osteopathic medical schools continues to rise at a steady pace, academicians and policy experts are increasingly concerned that insufficient numbers of residency training positions -- especially those in primary care -- will be available to meet matriculating students' GME needs.
That's despite well-intended attempts to address the problem, such as that demonstrated in the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003, which sought to address the ongoing shortage of primary care physicians by training more residents in primary care and in rural areas largely through the redistribution of unused GME slots. The legislation failed to accomplish its goal, according to researchers with the Robert Graham Center for Policy Studies in Family Medicine and Primary Care, because monitoring systems were not in place and medical schools had a strong financial incentive to train more subspecialists.
More recently, Graham Center researchers found that despite a 22.9 percent increase in total U.S. medical school enrollment between 2000 and 2010, many states still face primary care shortages. The researchers' conclusion: Uncoordinated expansion of medical schools is not likely to solve health care access challenges.
Social Accountability in Medical Education Needed
A study published in June by researchers from George Washington University, the Graham Center, and the American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM) confirmed that America's medical education system is not producing enough primary care physicians to meet the country's needs and pointed to flaws in the GME funding mechanism that supports physician training.
"Primary care physician production of 25.2 percent and rural physician production of 4.8 percent will not sustain the current workforce, solve problems of maldistribution or address acknowledged shortages," said lead study author Candice Chen, M.D., M.P.H., in an accompanying news release(www.graham-center.org).
Given that America's physician workforce is funded, in large part, by taxpayers' investment in GME funding provided through Medicare ($10 billion) and Medicaid ($3 billion), it's only fair that Americans hold the U.S. medical education system accountable for the types of physicians it produces.
"National calls for more primary care physicians, general surgeons, psychiatrists and providers in rural and urban underserved areas are thwarted by federal funding that continues to support training programs without requiring measurement of, much less accountability for, what they produce," study co-author and Graham Center Director Andrew Bazemore, M.D., M.P.H., observed.
A September study by Graham Center researchers reiterated the call for social accountability with respect to GME, even offering a framework for accountability that encompasses three overarching themes:
- creating a diverse physician workforce to address regional needs and primary care and subspecialty shortages,
- ensuring quality in training and care to best serve patients, and
- providing service to surrounding communities.
Some experts -- Chen among them -- think that the five-year, $230 million Teaching Health Center Graduate Medical Education program established by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act could play an important role in remedying the shortfall in primary care residency positions and hiking the number of residency graduates who care for vulnerable populations in underserved areas.
Although the program, which provides funding directly to community-based training sites, may be small, "its inclusion in the Affordable Care Act sends a message to the medical community," said Chen. "It shows that there's national interest in primary care and community-based training."
That direct funding is essential, she added, "because those are the people who should drive the focus and mission of primary care residency programs, and the funding gives those sites more leverage in partnering with hospitals."
Residency program directors at these community-based sites lauded the program, saying it is particularly well-suited to providing trainees with an immersion experience that encompasses the full scope of family medicine, nurtures cultural proficiency and promotes an integrated, team-based approach to care.
Notably, one of those grants went to fund a new GME model that aims to help address America's shortage of primary care physicians by creating a multistate, centrally run medical residency program that would offer osteopathic residents modern ambulatory training "coupled with carefully selected hospital training experiences using an innovative, nationally accredited residency curriculum." The program would place as many as 29 osteopathic medical school graduates each year for three years in community health centers located in medically underserved areas across the country.
"It is our hope to provide a continuum of education so that the medical students we're training can go into practice where they are needed," said Thomas McWilliams, D.O., associate dean of GME at the A.T. Still University of Health Sciences School of Osteopathic Medicine in Mesa, Ariz.
Ted Epperly, M.D., speaks to a resident at the Family Medicine Residency of Idaho, Boise. Epperly was one of five residency directors who recently talked to AAFP News Now about teaching health centers and the future of family medicine training.
If a recently published study by Graham Center researchers is any indication, similar results could be seen among residents who train in safety-net settings, such as federally qualified health centers, rural health clinics and critical-access hospital. Residents trained in such settings, researchers found, are more likely to return to practice in a similar setting.
But the fact remains that the GME funding system is beset by even more basic issues of inequity based on geographic factors, according to a report in the November issue of Health Affairs. In a state-by-state analysis of Medicare cost reports from teaching hospitals, researchers found significant differences in overall Medicare GME payments, as well as in the average payments per person and payments per medical resident, with the imbalance tilting in favor of programs in the Northeastern states.
Not Just by the Numbers
Boosting the numbers of family and primary care physicians, however, even coupled with efforts to ensure those physicians practice in the areas in which they are most needed, isn't enough to ensure a workforce that is adequately equipped to deal with existing and nascent challenges posed by a rapidly evolving U.S. health care system.
At a primary care forum the ABFM hosted in March, speakers addressed the need for a primary care workforce that is trained in team-based and collaborative care. "If we are going to talk about innovation and change, we often have to change the faculty, because their natural inclination is to teach what they have been doing their whole careers and what they were taught," said George Thibault, M.D., president of the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, during the event.
Fortunately, said the speakers, medical education is undergoing fundamental changes in some parts of the country to better align with changes taking place in the health care system as a whole. One initiative, in particular, has identified the following skills and competencies needed for the primary care workforce of the future:
- teamwork,
- change management,
- leadership,
- population management and
- clinical microsystem skills.
The ABFM, American Board of Internal Medicine and American Board of Pediatrics now are engaged in developing common goals and competencies for curriculum development to support integration of these elements into medical education.
Another innovative effort aims to create and test new health care organizations and structures while training a workforce that operates in team-based delivery systems to improve health care quality, safety and access.
All in all, policymakers would do well to heed recommendations contained in the 21st report from the Council on Graduate Medical Education (COGME) published in August, say AAFP medical education experts. According to COGME, past unsolved problems, including poor geographic distribution of the physician workforce and accelerating subspecialization at the expense of primary care, have collided with new challenges to create a crisis in medical education.
In response, the report offers six principal recommendations:
- increase and broaden GME funding;
- prioritize funding to quickly align the physician workforce with population and health delivery needs;
- work to improve training efficiency;
- align medical student recruitment efforts with population health care needs;
- realign clinical learning and curricula to reflect patient-centered, safe and effective care; and
- invest in medical education research to improve GME quality and physician competencies.
Regarding the quality of GME, the AAFP and other family medicine organizations lost no time responding last spring to a proposal from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) that would impose unwelcome women's reproductive health curriculum changes on family medicine residencies. (Then) AAFP Board Chair Glen Stream, M.D., M.B.I., of Spokane, Wash., commented on the proposed changes, which were made as part of the ACGME's so-called Next Accreditation System, in an April 22 letter.
"We would like to communicate directly to the Review Committee for Family Medicine (the) concerns expressed by our membership regarding the removal -- from the draft Program Requirements for Residency Education in Family Medicine (RD-FM) -- (of) the specific references to curriculum in family planning and reproductive decision-making," said Stream.
"The AAFP wants the RC-FM to understand clearly that we remain firm in our policy commitment to women's health and contraception as essential components for the family physician's scope of practice," said Stream.
New CME Opportunities
Ensuring family physicians remain up-to-date in one particular area of practice was a key component of the risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS) for extended-release/long-acting (ER/LA) opioids the FDA instituted in 2012; and 2013 brought the rollout of the first REMS-compliant CME funded by manufacturers of these drugs.
The agency issued an open letter to prescribers of ER/LA opioids to mark the March 1 deadline for the release of the first CME activities focusing on these drugs, inviting them to seek out and take advantage of the available training options.
"FDA remains committed to making sure that patients in need have continued access to appropriate pain medications, while also ensuring that all opioid products are used as safely and effectively as possible under the supervision of prescribers armed with sound information and training," said the letter.
As both a national CME accreditor and an accredited CME provider, the AAFP has been engaged in conversations with multiple stakeholders regarding the development and design of certification standards for REMS-compliant CME for ER/LA opioids, as well as the core messages to be covered in educational offerings for prescribers of ER/LA opioids.
2013 also brought family physicians and other health care professionals a rather unusual CME opportunity -- straight from a screening at the Sundance Film Festival.
The documentary film "Escape Fire: The Fight to Rescue American Healthcare"(www.escapefiremovie.com) focuses on the problems facing America's broken health care system and attempts to define solutions. The film and an accompanying round-table discussion featuring (then) AAFP President Jeff Cain, M.D., of Denver, initially aired March 10 and were rebroadcast March 16. Archived versions of the film and the round-table discussion remain available online.
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Gender and racial discrimination is something many women from Asian backgrounds face. It's something we reluctantly and relentlessly put up with on professional and personal fronts all around the world.
Inequality. Favouritism. Sexism. Misrepresentation. These are the challenges women commonly face growing up Asian or living in a society where typical Asian cultural values, patriarchal norms and Confucian ideals are upheld.
As I wrote in this post Why Males Are the Favoured Sex In Asian Cultures, in many Asian cultures often women are seen as either passive or overbearing, and all round less capable than those who are born or endowed with certain contrasting biological traits. In many Asian cultures, 'boys over girls' or 'man over woman' is often how the mentality goes at home, at work, in social settings and countless situations in between.
Throughout my childhood in Singapore, Malaysia and Australia, this sentiment surrounded me in both subtle and non-subtle ways. As a kid I never agreed with this train of thought. At times I rebelled against it. These days I still don't agree with it.
Being a woman of Asian background doesn't mean one can't have an opinion or achieve goals or do what one wants to do. A body with a mind and all its physical, emotional and mental attributes is a person who is their own individual. This is probably what many Asian women believe in; we believe in ourselves in the face of marginalisation.
Choosing and being proud of individuality
Traditionally a quiet Asian woman is seen as someone with no backbone, no voice and more of a submissive follower than a leader. There is the long-held perception within Asian cultures that it's more honourable to be male rather than female. A kind of patriarchal responsibility comes with being an Asian male: the expectation to look after elders and carry on the family name and bloodline and this is a source of pride. On the other hand, traditional Asian families seek to marry women off – women are given away and seen as 'not a long-term investment' so to speak.
Given the freedom of choice to stand their own ground, more and more women of Asian background are constructing a sense of ownership around their name and who they stand for. When the 1950 Marriage Law banning arranged marriages was passed in China under the leadership of Mao Zedong, women rushed to register their names to have claims on inheritance. In many Confucian societies and places such as China and Malaysia, Chinese women (ironically) do not change their last name (with the exception of Japan where married women are required by law to take their partner's surname). They retain their last names but might be informally known by their partner's last name. Then there is rù zhuì (入赘) as Jocelyn Eikenburg of Speaking of China writes about, which relates to the instances where Chinese men 'marry' into a more-well-off woman's family for a more practical future and perhaps take on a woman's last name.
Taking on another name never appealed to me. Don't ever intend on changing my name. To me, my own name speaks of who I am, what I've attained and carry on my shoulders today: an education, the lessons learnt from my ancestors, the places that I've worked, the money I've earned which is rightfully mine. My name speaks of my history, my present stories and experiences of being Chinese Australian. Every name is part of a generation, every name is a generation and a culture in itself, every name is a someone.
Consequently, women of Asian background are commonly stereotyped not just as submissive but having limited roles. The majority of Confucius' five hierarchical relationships is centred on the family with an emphasis on women being compliant wives and mothers. Having biological children is regarded as sort of a currency – status and pride – in Chinese culture. On an Asian woman's part, natural procreation is exclusive and sacred as it's a sure means to preserve one's heritage and name by blood.
The main Confucian text Analects dating back to the Classical Period in China echoes this, alluding to the virtues of filial piety and the notion that a good woman is an illiterate one. Women in that period were relegated to kinship roles and accorded with wishes of closely-related men.
With careful planning, thought, engaged action and hard work, there's no limit to what any woman regardless of race can achieve. The more one works hard at something, the more opportunities one creates for themselves and the more one gets noticed. Since 2006 in China female registration at universities surpassed that of males and employment to population ratio of women stands at 73%.
Moreover, these educated women are increasingly choosing career over family today in the post-One Child Policy era – and they are increasingly termed 'leftover women' or shèng nǚ (剩女). To many of these women, shèng nǚ is synonymous with victory and marriage is companionship that one can get by simply cohabiting. As Autumn Asborough of West Dates East writes about being pressured to have a Chinese son in a Chinese family, there are many reasons to not have babies and stresses adoption is always an option.
'Let your (younger) brother go first' and 'Look after Mabel' was what my folks constantly said about my brother, to me. They also encouraged me to get a suitor the moment I finished university, preferably a Chinese-Malaysian guy. No comment about my love life on the internet. But I will say that despite constantly being told to sit down, shut up and play safe as a kid, I dreamt of being an independent, self-sustainable persona who climbed the corporate ladder wearing freshly pressed suits, confident at my job and doing it well while pursuing a creative passion on the side. After climbing out of phases of unemployment and writer's block, today all that is a reality: affording my own way through life working a day job and outside of that writing a book which I have no idea when will get done.
It's a scientific fact that different sexes experience different physical and emotional spectrums. In many parts of Asia, those with an uterus and who have periods are literally regarded as the weaker sex. Talk of periods and the side effects of periods here are generally taboo, regarded as unclean and unholy in the eyes of certain religions. Talk of or showing signs of distress is also regarded as a sign of weakness in Asian cultures priding on excellence in achievement.
Despite one's limitations and the challenges faced physically and emotionally, there's no reason why one can't soldier on, put on a poker face and get the job done. Although menstrual leave is a legal right for women Japan, South Korea and China, many women choose not to take it due to social stigma and it's usually not paralysing. Some have argued period leave is not necessary and it can lead to more inequality in the workplace, and not every woman gets a period. When China's swimmer Fu Yuanhui admitted she swam on her period during the Olympics and felt tired because of it, Chinese media focused on reporting how a woman could swim – and she finished fourth in her race.
Honestly I've never felt awkward about talking about periods or acknowledging feeling flatter than a pancake when it comes. Never taken a day off because of it and just keep going about my day popping a stack pills (maybe I'm one of the lucky ones). Every man and woman and any gender in between will sweat, sneeze and get sick and feel not the best at some point. All of us have countless natural bodily functions, and periods are natural bodily functions, no exception.
* * *
Labels don't define us
Defining gender is complex. Gender isn't confined to a box and commonly thought of as socially constructed roles and behaviours. Not all of us identify with being man or woman and might identify as genderqueer or 'in-between' third gender instead – which is okay since each of us are entitled to feel how we want to feel and love who we want to love. Traditionally gender fluidity has been frowned upon and unspoken in Asian cultures. However these days more of those of Asian descent identify with being queer and negotiate fluid identities within supportive LGBTQIA+ communities and queer getaways. Similarly, there are different waves of feminism and different forms of sexism – so talking about gender discrimination is undoubtedly a complicated and sensitive discussion.
Equality is a hard fight. According to the Oxford Dictionaries, equality is the state of quantities being equal; more broadly in the context of human rights, equality is about opportunity, freedom, empowerment and respect for all. As competition, the chase for wealth and desire to get ahead dominate society today, often the status quo prevails in favour of particular classes, benchmarks and outcomes. Christy Birmingham of When Women Inspire writes to be gender inclusive means to open for all, any gender, anywhere. In other words, no two people can truly be equal across different aspects but there is the possibility for equal opportunity for each of us.
Gender specific labels arguably perpetuate the power plays between the different genders. Long-standing honorifics such as 'Mr', 'Mrs', 'Miss' and 'Ms' and the terms 'boyfriend', 'girlfriend', 'husband' and 'wife' often have patriarchal undertones and are synonyms for ownership over another. Today many modern relationships see being a couple as two people having mutual respect for each other's wants and individuality. Similarly, in Chinese culture a young woman is commonly addressed as xiăo jiĕ (小姐) and a married woman/head-wife tài tài (太太). That said, traditional labelling – which includes the words 'woman', 'man', 'brother' and 'sister' – has its place in today's society: it reflects how different each of us are, the ideals some of us believe in and is a means to distinguish ourselves, traits and capabilities from each other.
To me, we are more than the salutations affixed to us. No one is better than the person next to us, no better in terms of personality and we can give and all learn from each other. It's probably why I don't like being addressed by 'Miss' or 'girlfriend' or 'little girl', much preferring to be called by my name in the first instance. In the context of relationships with two or more people, the words 'partner' and 'friend' sit fairly well with me as each word tends to recognise distinct individuals as whom they are on a level playing field. Personally I like being a part of something because of who I am, what I do and what I can offer to someone and the bigger picture.
In recent times, 'Tiger mum' is a common phrase used to describe Asian mothers with strict parenting styles, demanding their children focus rigorously on academic studies. As debated in the media, 'Tiger mum' conjures up the image that an Asian woman who isn't all passive has the ugly potential be a demanding disciplinarian, hot-headed authoritarian. On the other hand in traditional Chinese families, the male breadwinner in the family is usually unwaveringly regarded as right in most instances.
I've always had a bit of a headstrong side to my personality. My folks have called me stubborn more times than I can count: I was called stubborn when I didn't want to play with my Barbie dolls but with my brother's Hot Wheels toy cars. Called stubborn when I refused to wear a dress to a family wedding. Called 'no brain' when I insisted on studying Arts at university. Each time I felt not only scorned but also in the wrong. Meanwhile my brother never seemed to get yelled at anything he did. Ironically, those who call others stubborn are in fact being stubborn themselves – and no one really comes out on top.
Speaking up is harder than it is
The capacity to speak up and actively engage in who we want to be differs across the world. Different beliefs are entrenched in different places. Educational and personal development opportunities differ in different places. Hence, the scale of human rights varies across the world. For instance, while women in Saudi Arabia are now allowed to drive they still need male testimonials if they want to run a business. As the abortion of female babies surged by 170% between 2001 and 2011 in India, maternity harassment complaints are on the rise in Japan.
Even in privileged first world countries such as Australia where there are vocal gender equality campaigns, subtler casual bias against women is prevalent. According to the Cracking the Glass-Cultural Ceiling report from Diversity Council Australia which surveyed over 230 culturally diverse businesswomen, Muslim women admitted corporate workplaces in Australia commonly see those wearing the hijab as subjugated and not capable to lead. Only one in ten respondents felt their leadership traits were recognised at work. In addition, Thai women who moved to Australia for a better life have silently suffered domestic violence and rape at the hands of their white Australian partners.
Therefore it has always been, and still is, a challenge for Asian women to speak up let alone make their mark in Australia. As Malaysian-born, ex-ASEX-200 entity CEO Ming Long said, in Australia Asian employees who don't conform to being quiet are often labelled as aggressive and thus disliked. She also mentioned that employers prefer hiring someone on the basis of cultural fit and 'merit is a trap. It really depends on who's defining it.'
While it's encouraging to see more Asian women speaking up, there is also nothing wrong with keeping a quiet demeanour and actually being comfortable with it. After all, the model minority myth is still prevalent like it has been for decades, there are still millions of quiet and studious Asian students all around the world and patriarchal value systems where woman are happy to play obedient housewives show no signs of going away in many parts of Asia. Just like how not all woman want to have children, not all women are comfortable with making their mark by speaking out loud or verbally but prefer flying under the radar and being quiet achievers. And being a quiet Asian woman and really any other woman – one who might actually dress looking like a China doll because of a love for that look – doesn't mean one doesn't have an opinion and doesn't want to express it.
Describing myself, I see myself as a woman of Chinese background living in Australia. Someone with a foreign-sounding accent, someone who likes to get things done while standing outside of the spotlight and a proud introvert. The way I prefer to articulate my thoughts isn't in a space where everyone is debating over each other. The way I prefer to share my strengths isn't in front of a big crowd. Rather an intimate arena where everyone is given a chance to say something but not required to do so or where ideas are articulated in written form is an arena where I feel like I can not only share but also somewhat feel a part of something.
Women come in all shapes and sizes and most certainly in all shades of colour and character. Some of us fit the stereotype, some of us don't. And some of us might fit both stereotype and non-stereotype. Each to their own. Each of us has different ways of expressing ourselves. On recognising each other for who we are, author C. Joybell C. said:
'We are all equal in the fact that we are all different. We are all the same in the fact that we will never be the same. We are united by the reality that all colours and all cultures are distinct and individual.'
Some might read this post thinking I dislike aspects of being Chinese and a Chinese woman at that, and dislike what Chinese culture is. Yes and no. While I like listening and being quiet and feel that's important, to me sharing opinions is equally important when it comes to getting along and understanding each other. While I like being independent and standing on my own two feet, to me there is also much to learn from working, sharing and standing together with another and opening up to them. At the end of the day, each of us women is our own person with our own persona.
At the end of the day, it's a right for each of us women to not be judged so quickly. Most importantly it's a right for all women to have the opportunity to make the choices we want to make, and ultimately be who we want to be.
Have you encountered or seen gender discrimination?


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Atlanta - 100 011 100 - 4 10 0 Red Sox - 221 010 20x - 8 14 1Will Middlebrooks continues to scorch opposing pitchers. Tonight, he singled, doubled, and homered - giving him 10 hits in his last 14 at-bats. Dustin Pedroia broke out of his slump (9-for-62, .145) with three hits, and Daniel Nava's seventh inning single brought in two runs that gave Boston a bit of (unneeded, as it turned out) insurance.
Morales (6-7-3-1-8, 86) allowed a first inning run, but Boston struck back with two. Pedroia singled with one out and Jarrod Saltalamacchia singled with two down. Adrian Gonzalez's single tied the game and Middlebrooks's double gave the Sox a 2-1 lead.
Pedroia's double scored Mike Aviles and Nava in the second and Middlebrooks donged to left (#9) in the third. In the fifth, Gonzalez singled, went to second on Middlebrooks's base hit, and scored on Cody Ross's double.
Atlanta whittled the lead down to two runs, trailing 6-4 at the stretch. In the home half of the seventh, Ross doubled with one out and Ryan Kalish walked. They moved up to second and third on a wild pitch and both scored on Nava's hard single to right.
Atlanta did not threaten in the last two innings. They managed only a one-out single against Vicente Padilla in the eighth (on a 49-mph eephus pitch!), and went down in order against Alfredo Aceves in the ninth.
Boston is 8-2 since June 12. They are tied for fourth place with the Blue Jays, 5.5 GB New York.
Randall Delgado / Franklin Morales
Nava, LFMorales had a great outing against the Cubs last Sunday (5-4-2-0-9, 80). Delgado's game log is here.
Pedroia, 2B
Ortiz, DH
Saltalamacchia, C
Gonzalez, 1B
Middlebrooks, 3B
Ross, RF
Kalish, CF
Aviles, SS


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The Nike Free RN Distance Shield Men's Running Shoe features Lunarlon cushioning for comfort during longer runs, along with updated water-repellent fabric and durable traction to take you through challenging weather conditions.
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Being understood by someone you love is one of the most
powerful feelings, at all ages. For a young child, it is the most
important of all experiences because it allows the child's mind and
sense of self to grow.
In the midst of the perennial concerns parents bring to Dr. Claudia Gold, she shows the magical effect of seeing a problem from their child's point of view. Most parenting books teach parents what to do to solve behavior problems, but Dr. Gold shows parents "how to be" with a child. Crises are defused when children feel truly heard and validated; this is how they learn to understand, and, eventually, control themselves.
Dr. Gold's insightful guide uses new research in developmental psychology and vivid stories from her practice to show parents how to keep a child in mind and deepen this central relationship in their lives.


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Pink Floyd fans will not have much to be happy about when it comes to the availability of the group's music online.
That is because some of Pink Floyd's classic albums, such as "Wish You Were Here" and "The Wall," will not be offered for sale as download through retailers such as iTunes and Amazon, according to Reuters.
Record label EMI's contract that includes those Pink Floyd albums recorded after 1973's "Dark Side of the Moon" expired on Jun. 30.
U.S. & World
News from around the country and around the globe
While those albums are still available in CD format, EMI may not be producing more copies until a new agreement is reached, according to sources. The band's pre-"Dark Side of the Moon" albums, including "Meddle" and "A Saucerful of Secrets," however, are available as downloads.
Neither EMI nor representatives for Pink Floyd have commented on the matter.
According to the article, Pink Floyd has sold 36.2 million copies in the U.S. with "The Wall" being one of the band's best-sellers at 1.5 million copies sold—107,000 of them digital downloads.
In other Pink Floyd news, bassist Roger Waters recently gave his approval to the Canadian group Blurred Vision to rewrite "Another Brick in the Wall," The Associated Press reported. The musical act, whose members include Iranian brothers Sepp and Sohl, changed a line in the song that now goes "Hey, Ayatollah, leave those kids alone!"
Waters issued a statement saying that he viewed Blurred Vision playing a role in "the resistance to a regime that is both repressive and brutal."
"I applauded and supported the resistance of school children in South Africa to that repressive and brutal regime," he added, "and also applaud and support the resistance of Palestinian children in Gaza and the West Bank to the repressive and brutal occupation they endure."
Selected Readings: Reuters, The Associated Press


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(Pocket-lint) - The Nokia Oro is the Russian mafiosos take on the C7, featuring 18 carat gold plating, Scottish leather back and even a sapphire crystal home key.
The phone is definitely more bling than anything else, with operating system and processing power taking a back seat to all that shinyness. Making use of the latest Symbian update, nicknamed Anna, the Oro chugs along at a decent enough rate but definitely doesn't do anything particularly exciting in the operating system department. We did like the addition of a social hub to bring in Twitter and Facebook feeds. The idea of a single unified email inbox for different accounts may also please some business users.
Size-wise it looks like all that gold surprisingly hasn't added much in the weight department. The Oro tips the scales at 132g, less than most smartphones and features pocket sized 4.62 x 2.26 x 0.48 dimensions. Build quality was good, although we have to say all that gold and sapphire didn't particularly add much excitement once you actually had the mobile in your hands.
It looks like Nokia has kept up its high quality imaging tradition with the Oro. The 8 megapixel camera slapped on the back can shoot smooth and saturated 30fps 720p video. Stills were sharp and the camera responded to button presses more like a compact than a mobile phone. The dual LED flash and 8GB of onboard memory also allows for a decent amount of snapping to be done.
The Oro screen is one of the handsets high points. With a proper 3.5-inch AMOLED display and 360 x 640 nHD resolution, videos and websites looked particularly good on the handset. Black levels were deep and viewing angles particularly worth noting. Even on top of Nokia's London offices on a sunny English day we could view just about everything on the Oro's display.
On the side of the Oro is a dedicated set of buttons for music playback and camera snapping. There is also a record button which is particularly useful for grabbing voice notes onto the handset. Unfortunately the handset we tried out didn't have any music loaded onto it so we couldn't give the player a go to check for sound quality.
The Oro also comes with a brushed steel and gold plated bluetooth headset. The design itself is decent enough and audio quality good, but personally we thought the idea of a gold slab sticking out our ear a little too much.
- Samsung Galaxy Note 20, What3Words CEO, and Withings Sleep Analyzer reviewed - Pocket-lint podcast ep. 65
All this gold means the Oro isn't exactly cheap. For a few pennies more you could pick up an iPhone 4, with the handset costing upwards of 500 euros. For us the decision between smartphone and gold plated Symbian power is a no brainer. Some less restrained types might enjoy the Vertu style bling element and the added exclusivity that a gold handset brings. We do however urge you to take a peek at the Oro yourself if you are considering picking one up, that 18 carat plate is no where near as impressive when you see it in person.
Bling approach to mobile? Or smartphones your thing? Let us know in the comments section below..


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Oops!... I Did It Again
Description: -
with Robbie Williams
Yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah
I think I did it again
I made you beleive we're more than just friends
Oh baby
It might seem like a crush
But it doesn't mean that I'm serious
Cos to lose all my senses
That is just so typically me
Oh baby, baby
*Oops!... I did it again
I played with your heart,
Got lost in the game
Oh baby, baby
Oops... you think I'm in love
That I'm sent from above
I'm not that innocent
You see my problem is this
I'm dreaming away
Wishing that heroes, they truly exist
I cry, watching the days
Can't you see I'm a fool in so many ways
But to lose all my senses
That is just so typically me
Baby, oh
Yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah
Yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah
"All aboard"
"Britney, before you go,
There's something I want you to have"
"Oh, it's beautiful, but wait a minute, isn't this...?"
"Yeah, yes it is"
"But I thought the old lady dropped it into the ocean in the end"
"Well baby, I went down and got it for you"
"Oh, you shouldn't have"
Oops!... I did it again to your heart
Got lost in the game, oh baby
Oops!... You think that I'm sent from above
I'm not that innocent
Typed from the lyrics booklet for Dancemania X8
Contributed by James Edge (LockeVanish) <[email protected]>
[Submit an English translation for this song]
See an error in these lyrics? Let us know here!
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My Little Pony Ties
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One of the most anticipated games of 2018 is almost here and I know you want to know any new piece of info you can get. I got you! Today reports broke that the game will have 2 discs. That's wild because you rarely see a multi-disc game this day in age. That's thanks to the advancement in CD technology. Blu-Ray has allowed for more content on a single disc.
Rock Star Games decided to kill all that noise. What was once considered old fashion is new again. Red Dead 2 will be two discs. This news coincides with the news from a week ago that Red Dead 2 would be 150 GB's. This two-disc news leaked via a Japanese packaging website. So when the game comes out and you don't have enough HD space don't blame us. We tried to warn you. Clean that HD up if you need to now!
LEAK: Here is the English version of the top left (HD).https://t.co/UvWkpDAQTX pic.twitter.com/LtGDjhpsIo
— Red Dead News • RockstarINTEL.com (@RDonlineNews) October 17, 2018
Just a content creator using his influence to create an outlet to express his views on pop culture


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The simple question of how do you run is largely unanswered in the running community. You have a bunch of pseudo-guru styles like Pose or Chi, but the key to running correctly to maximize performance is a topic that is largely left to elite coaches or biomechanics experts. As Pete Larson pointed out in his blog, elite coaches extol the benefits of working on running form, but no one has told the masses how. In the following article, it's my goal to unmask the "secrets" and provide the answers. The bulk of this article comes from information gleaned mostly from working with world class track coaches like Tom Tellez and a great High School coach in Gerald Stewert. Throw in some biomechanics classes in undergrad and graduate school and the picture is a little more complete.
The following is an early rough draft excerpt from a potential book I'm trying to get done…if I can figure out how to publish it :). Enjoy.
Running with proper biomechanics:
Distance runners and coaches seem to hate the topic of running form. Most subscribe to the idea that a runner will naturally find his best stride and that stride should not be changed. However, just like throwing a baseball or shooting a basketball, running is a skill that must be learned. The problem with learning how to run is that there are so many wrong ideas out there. This is partly due to the complexity of the process and partly due to a lack of understanding of biomechanics. It's my belief that the wide range of "correct" ways to run has led to this apathetic attitude towards running form changes by most athletes and coaches.
The argument that running is a natural movement that should not be corrected is easy to dispel. First, we know that even simple outside influences such as what running shoe you where impacts gait dramatically. In a society where we grow up wearing shoes from a young age and spend most of our time walking around on man made surfaces, it is a stretch to think that a decade or more of living in this way does not change our mechanics. Second, if we look at the fields of motor control and motor learning more evidence can be seen. In learning movement we often learn by imitation of what we see and from sensory feedback. Since most people aren't taking their kids to see world class runners at track meets, we are stuck with seeing the "joggers" in the neighborhood or horribly running players in more popular sports, such as baseball, as our childhood running models. Another method of motor learning is done by using feedback. A simple example is in learning not to touch something hot. The first time a child puts his hand on the hot stove, he learns quickly that wasn't a good idea. Similarly, if a child develops correctly, he quickly would learn that landing heel first when running is not a good idea. It hurts to over stride and slam your heel down into the ground. But since we grow up wearing heavily cushioned shoes, the cushioning eliminates this negative feedback. There is no longer a consequence for heel striking, so why should we avoid it?
Lastly, motor control studies provide some interesting insights.
In comparing the controlling mechanisms or running and walking in humans and animals, some interesting differences are apparent. In animals such as cats, control at the spinal cord level plays a much larger part than in humans (Duysens & Van de Crommert, 1998). In animals that have spinal lesions, they can regain much of their gait functioning when trained on a treadmill, while humans with spinal lesions can only partially mimic the walking motion. The thought behind this is that humans rely more on a mixture of higher level control in the brain and lower level control in the spinal cord than animals do. Some have hypothesized this means that animal gaits are more reflexive and therefore naturally or instinctually ingrained than humans who rely more on higher level brain control.
The benefits of changing form are enormous. As discussed in the Science section of this book, changes in mechanics can enhance efficiency. Additionally, running correctly can reduce the injury risk, and perhaps most importantly increase basic speed. What I've found is that many distance runners who say they have no speed, in reality just don't know how to use their natural speed. They never learned how to sprint correctly, so it is their mechanics holding them back not their speed. The goal of this section is to outline what proper running form is and note some of the common misconceptions. Unlike most methods of running, the following is based on research, science, observation, and practical experience. It is based on the system of world renowned biomechanics expert and sprint coach Tom Tellez has used for many years in developing gold medalist and world record setting runners, and I am much indebted for the information he provided.
For practical reasons, coaches and scientists separate the running stride into various phases. While this is needed so that the idea can be conceptualized it often promotes a fragmented approach to learning proper biomechanics. Instead, a whole body integrated approach is needed. Looking at the body as a whole is required because of how the body interacts. Every so called phase impacts the next phase, and the movement of one body segment impacts completely different body segments. When looking at running form from a segmented point of view, we are relying on the principle that each segment works in isolation and that is simply not true. Therefore, while breaking the stride into phases allows for better descriptive ability, when looking at how we function when running it is best to look at how the body interacts as a whole.
How to run
To go through the entire running cycle, we'll start with when foot contact is made and go through the full stride. Foot contact should occur on the outside edge of the foot and depending on speed either at the mid-foot or forefoot. The initial contact on the outside of the foot is generally not felt and instead for practical reasons should be thought of as a simple mid/whole foot landing. Contrary to what most people believe, initial foot contact should not occur on the heel even when running slow. As discussed in the Science section of this book, heel strike results in a higher braking force, reduced elastic energy storage, and a prolonged ground contact. By hitting forefoot or mid-foot the braking action is minimized and the initial impact peak is reduced. Additionally, the landing should occur in a neutral position at the ankle, as that sets up the calf and Achilles for optimal use of elastic energy. Once landing has occurred, it is important to allow the foot to load up. Often, the mistake is made in trying to get the foot off the ground as quickly as possible, but remember that it is when the foot is on the ground when force is transferred into the ground. While having a short ground contact time is beneficial it should be a result of transferring force faster and not getting quick with the foot. Loading up the foot means allowing it to move through the cycle of initial contact to fully supporting the body. Since initial contact is on the outside of the foot, the support will move inwardly. With forefoot strikers, the heel has to settle back and touch the ground to allow for proper loading. Holding the heel off the ground and staying on the forefoot will not allow for the stretch-reflex on the Achilles-calf complex to occur.
After the initial loading phase, propulsion starts to occur and the foot begins to come off the ground. The center of pressure should move towards with the big toe acting as a locking mechanism before the foot leaves the ground. This locking insures that the foot acts as one entire unit, allowing for greater propulsion. Unlike what many suggest, do not try and get any extra propulsion out of pushing off with the toes. It is too late in the running cycle to net any forward propulsion and will instead result in simply making your stride flatter. Instead, the forward propulsion should come from the hip and the foot should be thought of as being along for the ride, which we will discuss shortly. Essentially, once the hip is extended, leave the foot alone.
During this entire process, the calf and Achilles tendon can utilize the stretch shortening cycle and stretch reflex phenomenon. Upon foot contact the Achilles-calf complex goes from a neutral position to fully stretched upon mid-stance and the fully contracted upon toe off. This cycle allows for energy storage upon ground impact and release upon take off. In essence, the complex acts like a spring as it stores energy that comes with ground contact and then releases it when ground contact is broken. A common mistake is to stay too high up on the balls of the feet and never let the heel touch the ground. When this occurs, the Achilles-calf complex is not fully stretched and thus you are losing out on the elastic energy return. Similarly, if a runner is too quick with the foot, meaning they try and rush it off the ground, elastic energy is lost because the foot and Achilles were not properly allowed to store and the release energy. Likewise, the arch in the foot also stores elastic energy as it is initially compressed and then subsequently rebounds. This mechanism happens because of its elastic properties.
While foot contact is occurring, the emphasis in your mechanics should shift to the hip. The extension of the hip is where the power comes from, not from pushing with your toes or other mechanisms which are commonly cited. The hip should be thought to work in a crank like or piston like fashion. This speed and degree of hip extension is what will partially control the speed. A stronger hip extension results in more force application and greater speed, thus how powerfully and rapidly the hip is extended helps control the running speed. Once the hip is extended, the foot will come off the ground and the recovery cycle will begin.
In coming off the ground you are trying to optimize the vertical and horizontal component of the stride. If you think too much horizontally, you will flatten out and not come off the ground, thus losing air time and stride length. If you think too much vertically, you will be high up in the air for too long and almost bounce along, not having a very big stride length. Thus it is important to optimize the angle and extend the hip so that you have a slight bounce in your stride. A good cue for this is to look at the horizon. If it stays flat, you are too horizontal. If it bounces a lot, you are too vertical. The best analogy is to think back to your High School physics class and remember how to get the greatest distance when firing a cannon ball. The angle has to be optimized, not minimized.
Once the hip has extended, the recovery phase starts. When the hip is extended correctly it will result in the working of a stretch reflex mechanism. This is best thought of as a sling shot where you stretch the sling shot back and then let it go. The result will be that it shoots forward very rapidly. The hip works in much the same way. If you extend the hip you are putting it in a stretch position. With the sling shot, if instead of letting it go, you tried to move it forward, the sling shot band would come forward much more slowly. The same applies for the hip.
With the combination of the stretch reflex and the basic passive mechanical properties of the lower leg, the recovery cycle of the leg will happen automatically. The lower leg will lift off the ground and fold so that it comes close to your buttocks (how close depends on the speed you are running) then pass under your hips with the knee leading. Once the knee has led through, the lower leg will unfold and it is then the runner's job to put it down underneath them. Ideal landing is close to the center of your body and directly underneath the knee.
Trying to actively move the leg through the recovery phase is another common mistake and will only result in wasted energy and the a slower cycling of the leg through the recovery phase. Two other common mistakes are to try and lift the knees at the end of the recovery cycle and to kick the lower leg to the butt at the beginning of the recovery cycle. Neither idea is sound, as they are essentially like trying to push the sling shot forward in our analogy instead of just letting it go. Active lifting of the knee lengthens the recovery cycle with no added stride length benefits. Instead, the knee should be allowed to cycle through and lift on its own. It should not be forced upwards because that cycle through of the knee is a result of the stretch reflex. Similarly, pulling the lower leg to the butt simply wastes energy as the hamstrings have to be put to work in doing this action. Instead, the folding up of the leg should be thought of as a passive activity. How close the lower leg comes to the butt depends on the amount of hip extension.
This phenomenon may seem strange and is sometimes a hard concept to grasp. After all, who has the patience to not do anything during the recovery phase? But research has demonstrated that both muscle activity during the recovery phase and energy use (the recovery phase only uses 15% of the whole strides energy) show that the leg is largely cycling through entirely because of reflex like phenomenon and passive mechanics.
Research on patients with spinal lesions has demonstrated the effect of the stretch reflex and passive dynamics on gait. Even though the patients have lost the use of their lower legs, if put on a treadmill their legs will work in walking motion as long as hip extension is initiated by someone. If a therapist simply manually extends the hip and then lets it go, the leg will have a slight folding up as it cycles forward automatically. The forward movement and folding up of the leg is a result of the stretch reflex on the hip and passive mechanics. The fact that the leg folds up slightly at all shows that it is a simple mechanical issue and does not occur due to active muscle contraction. As a simple experiment, play around with a simple two jointed object, pushing the top joint forward and see what the lower joint segment does. If it's moving forward at sufficient velocity, it's going to fold up because of simple physics and mechanics.
Once the knee has cycled through, the lower leg should drop to the ground so that it hits close to under your center of gravity. When foot contact is made, it should be made where the lower leg is 90 degrees to the ground. This puts it in optimal position for force production. The leg does not extend outwards like is seen in most joggers and there is no reaching for the ground. Reaching out with the lower leg results in over striding and creates a braking action. Another common mistake is people extending the lower leg out slightly and then pulling it back in a paw like action before ground contact. They are trying to get quick with the foot and create a negative acceleration. This is incorrect and does not lead to shorter ground contact times or better positioning for force production. Instead the paw back motion simply engages the hamstrings and other muscles to a greater degree than necessary, thus wasting energy. The leg should simply unfold and drop underneath the runner.
This pawback phenomenon was originally taught because of the idea of trying to create backwards acceleration. This concept does not hold up as the braking forces are still the same upon foot contact. Secondly, the pawback was created through misinterpretation of scientific data. Coaches saw that the hamstrings were active during the latter portion of the in flight recovery phase and assumed that meant the hamstrings were contracting, thus pulling the lower leg back. Instead, the hamstrings were active due to stiffening the muscle-tendon unit in preparation for ground contact and in aiding the slow down of the unfolding of the lower leg. The muscle stiffness manipulation occurs for two reasons, first to absorb elastic energy as a stiff system can utilize elastic energy better, and secondly because of a process called muscle tuning. Muscle tuning is the body's way of preparing for landing. In essence it acts as an in built cushioning system to minimize the muscle vibrations that occur during landing. The body uses feedback and sensory information to tune the cushioning so that ground reaction forces are essentially the same whether in a cushioned shoe or when running barefoot. When running barefoot, muscle tuning takes place so that the in built cushioning is modulated to absorb more of the force.
So far we have only talked about the lower body, but the lower and upper body is linked together as one unit. The interaction between the upper and lower body plays a very large role. First, you should run with an upright body posture with a very slight lean forward from the ground, not from the waist. The arms and legs should work in a coordinated fashion. When the left leg is forward, the right arm should be forward and vice versa for the left arm and leg. But it goes beyond just the arms and legs working opposition, when they both stop forward and backwards motion is also coordinated. When the arm stops moving forward and is about to reverse direction, the opposite leg should reach its maximum knee height before starting its downward movement. Similarly, when the arm reaches its maximum backwards movement before switching directions and coming forward, the opposite leg and hip should be at their maximum extension backwards.
The arm swing occurs from the shoulders, so that the shoulders do not turn or sway. It is a simple pendulum like forward and backward motion without shoulder sway or the crossing of the arms in front of your body. On the forward upswing the arm angle should decrease slightly with the hands in a relaxed fist. On the backswing they should swing back to just above and behind your hip joint for most running speeds. As the running speed increases, the arm will swing back more, eventually culminating in going back and upwards in sprinting.
The integration of the arms and legs is crucial. A lot of time we see something happening with the leg that is incorrect and immediately work on fixing the problem by adjusting how that particular leg is working. For example, if an athlete extends out with the lower leg, we immediately try and correct them by having them put their foot down sooner. Instead, the problem seen with the leg could simply be the symptom. The real cause could be in the arm swing. A delayed arm swing or one with a hitch in it causes a delay or hitch in the opposite lower leg. If you watch someone run, the arms and legs are timed up so they work perfectly in synch. If the runner has a problem with their arm swing that causes a delay in the typical forward and backward motion, such as turning it inwards or shoulder rotation, then the opposite leg must compensate for this delay. In many cases, the opposite leg extends outwards as a form of compensation. Therefore, it is important to look at the whole body and understand that the arms and legs are synched together and interact so that a problem in one of them, might simply be a way of compensation.
Summary of Running Form:
1. Body Position- upright, slight lean from ground. Head and face relaxed.
2. Feet- As soon as knee comes through, put the foot down underneath you. Land mid or forefoot underneath knee, close to center of the body.
3. Arm stroke- controls rhythm, forward and backwards from the shoulder without side to side rotation
4. Hip extension- extend the hip and then leave it alone.
5. Rhythm- Control rhythm and speed through arm stroke and hip extension.
Changing your mechanics:
Knowing how to run is one thing, but how do you go about changing running form. One popular method is to break the running stride into segments and do drills to improve that segment. However, this method does not work. If you recall, each part of the running cycle impacts the next. The body works as a whole, not as a bunch of different segments. When drills are used, they may mimic visually what happens when running, but that is all. Due to doing drills in isolation, the muscle fiber recruitment pattern is much different. There is little contribution of the stretch reflex, the stretch shortening cycle, or elastic energy storage and return. An example would be the use of butt kicks. When doing the drill, the lower leg kicking to the butt is done by contracting the hamstring. When the lower leg coils up towards the butt when actually running, it's a result of the hip extension and some stretch reflex, among other contributors. Therefore, the drill has very little actual transfer to the actual running. For this reason, drills are not useful for improving mechanics because they do not replicate the running form biomechanically, neurally, or muscle recruitment wise. Instead running form should be worked on when actually running.
To accomplish this, cues are provided to the runner. A cue is a simple task to focus on while running. Possible examples including putting the feet down, dropping the foot beneath you, extend the hip, or any other cue that helps reinforce proper running technique. What cues are used depends on what problem needs corrected. The athlete should focus on one or two possible cues at a time so that they do not get overwhelmed.
The goal is to ingrain proper running form to the point where they no longer need the cues.
The process of using cues is simple and consists of a trial and error method. The first step is to identify what is wrong with a runner's stride and then figure out how to change it. This will help identify what cue to focus on. Sometimes when giving cues it helps to overemphasize the point, such as telling a runner to feel like they are putting their feet down behind them when correcting foot strike. Since "normal" is incorrect, such as reaching out and heel striking in this example, sometimes over-correcting is necessary initially.
The athlete should do short strides focusing on one cue at a time. Each stride should be video taped or analyzed by the coach. If after a cue is given, the runner makes a positive change in the running form, then that cue is successful for that athlete and they should focus on that cue until it becomes ingrained. If that particular cue does not result in the desired change, the coach should come up with a slightly different cue, essentially a different way of communicating the desired effect. All runners will respond to a cue slightly differently, that is why it is important to come up with several different ways to say the same thing. An example of several different cue's to tell a runner who needs to switch from heel striking to a flat foot or mid-foot strike are: put your feet down underneath you; put your feet down behind you; drop the foot as soon as the knee stops going up; when the knee comes through start thinking foot down; feel choppy with your stride.
Once a successful cue is found, then the goal is to ingrain that running style. To do this, start slowly. For distance runners, have the athlete focus for short periods of times during distance runs. Breaking it down into short segments of focusing on form does not make the task feel as daunting for a distance runner. Additionally, during aerobic intervals or rhythm work, have a few intervals where the focus is on running correctly, regardless of time. Also, use strides before or after workouts as a means of getting in some extra form work time to ingrain good mechanics. The last step is transitioning those changes to stressful situations. When running under stress, such as in a race, we tend to revert back to old habits. Having the focus of running with good mechanics during low key competitions or during a time trial setting is a good way to start this transition. As long as it is gradually and consistently worked on, changes in running form can happen.
This is an abridged excerpt from the book The Science of Running


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When Justin James Muir moved to West Chester, Pa. a little over two years ago, he found himself in a hairy situation—the beards per capita ratio seemed unusually high. The phenomenon puzzled Muir, so as he settled into life in his new home, the art director did what came naturally: he began photographing the beards of his new friends. And then he photographed the bearded friends of these friends. And then the friends of their friends found their way in front of Muir's lens too. Pretty soon, he had enough portraits to publish a book.
A Book of Beards, published earlier this month, features 125 pages of whiskered men, photographed by Muir at beard competitions, dive bars and off-the-beaten-path hideaways across the East Coast.
"I would literally look for beards everywhere I went. I would meet someone on the street and try to set up a time to shoot them or have them come to me," Muir told TIME. He even had cards that he would give to the the well-bearded men he would encounter.
"There was no real criteria," he explained. "It just had to be a big beard and look cool. You don't see people like this every day—a lot of them are kinda tucked away in nooks that most people will never go to."
Publishing A Book of Beards himself, Muir decided that all proceeds from the first press run would help Mike Cummings, a bearded friend suffering from testicular cancer without health insurance. Mike, featured on the cover of the book, also contributed a short written vignette in the book, one of 18 pieces sprinkled throughout the portraits. Muir plans to donate the funds from subsequent press runs to the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society.
For more information about A Book of Beards or to purchase a copy, visit BookofBeards.com.


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Kitejamboree Spring Edition 2016 is already the fourth, spring edition of our flagship kiteboarding event. It's time to warm up before the season, recharge your batteries and catch a little sun! We won't be short of attractions thanks to our partners and sponsors. Competitors will be able to show their best tricks in the International Freestyle Jam and less advanced riders can take part in free Pro Camps. Kitesafari fans will have the opportunity to go to Tawila island. Do not miss the Grand Lottery prizes and money rewards for the competitors! Join us!
Dates: 02.04-06.04.2016
Fee: 15 EUR + Rescue Pack that includes:
- BIG Prize Lottery
- T-Shirt
- Welcome drink during the Beach Party
- A chance to take part in Kite or Wake Pro Camp (the number of participants is limited, please sign up through the form)
- Photo session
- A possibility to test equipment and to take a part in championships.
Registration form: HERE
Join us! Kite is right!
Kacper | RedSeaZone Team


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December 21, 2011
Finnish Christmas with a Twist: Cool rhubarb glögg
22 comments:
Yum! I have recently become a rhubarb convert and will definitely have to try this recipe. Do you find that without the sugar it is quite tart though?ReplyDelete
Interesting and surely really divine!ReplyDelete
Happy Holidays!
Cool recipe! Can you still by fresh rhubarb in groceries? Here in Belgium you can't find them in december.ReplyDelete
This would be perfect for summer, if summer ever decides to get here! Sounds delicious.ReplyDelete
What a beautiful, festive color, and such a refreshing drink for the summer holiday season. I don't have much experience with rhubarb, but this looks like a great place to start.ReplyDelete
That sounds and looks amazingly refreshing - I'm looking forward to trying this. Delish! I heart rhubarb :)ReplyDelete
I was just telling my boyfriend that I wouldn't gain nearly as much weight during the holidays if we lived in the Southern Hemisphere. Your posts the last few days have proved my point, and now a drink with ice in it? That's just going over the edge. Happy Holidays!ReplyDelete
This sounds fantastic but I did not freeze any rhubarb this year :( It will get made next year though :) Happy Holidays DianeReplyDelete
A very pretty red, and I've always liked the taste of rhubarb... win!ReplyDelete
Looks delicious and perfect for Christmas.ReplyDelete
I can imagine that this is pretty sour tasting, but I bet it's delicious, and refreshing. I wish we had some rhubarb this time of year, I'm curious to try it(although I might add some honey - sorry! :D) It certainly looks beautiful - I love the color!ReplyDelete
Brilliant twist on the traditional! I love the sound of it!ReplyDelete
What a gorgeous colour!ReplyDelete
Such a pretty and festive drink for the holidays! I love your Finnish with a twist- holding on to tradition but adapting it to where you are now.ReplyDelete
This sounds so refreshing Maria, but is it wrong of me to be thinking it would be nice with a little vodka as well?ReplyDelete
- Anonymous22 December 2011 at 08:47
I never thought of using rhubarb in a drink, thanks for the idea!ReplyDelete
How unusual! And what a beautiful colour! Of course I would probably sin and add another ingredient ;) !ReplyDelete
I love rhubarb, yes I imagine it makes a lovely drink as you have demonstrated!ReplyDelete
I'm not a big fan of rhubarb but would like to try this drink :) i'm sure it'll change my mind ~ReplyDelete
Ohh, this looks so good! And I love that it's adapted to warmer weather, as we are having a very warm winter in Florida. I've never had glogg before, will be correcting that soon :) Thanks for sharing.ReplyDelete
- Anonymous23 December 2011 at 09:24
Oh, that looks so refreshing.ReplyDelete
Wow, that sound delicious. Can't wait to try it in the upcoming summer day here in Philly.ReplyDelete


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Birds rescued from cockfighting
Cockfighting participants who were arrested
Dubbed Operation Angry Bird, it resulted in a total of nine felony arrests, 3,000 birds rescued and 70 people taken into custody, six of them from a cockfighting venue located at 74-26 Jamaica Avenue in Woodhaven.
"Cockfighting is a cruel, abusive and barbaric practice that tortures animals, endangers the health and safety of the public and is known to facilitate other crimes," state Attorney General Eric Schneiderman said. "My office, along with our partners in law enforcement and animal welfare, are committed to ending this vicious blood sport."
On Saturday night, February 8, state police raided the basement of a barbershop in Woodhaven that had been closed for two years where a cockfight was taking place with about 70 spectators and bettors.
The shop had been operating bimonthly events there since at least May, when the Organized Crime Task Force (OCTF) first began monitoring cockfighting at the location.
Arturo Cabrera, who works at Family Barber just down the block from the cockfighting ring on Jamaica Ave., said he didn't know of anything going on there, but was not surprised. People today will do anything for money, Cabrera said.
"It's a part of life, but I'm not saying it's okay," he said.
Students from Franklin K. Lane High School right across the street are not allowed to bring cell phones into school, so many of them pay 50 cents to leave them at the realty store, which was connected to the barber shop.
Valeria Delgado, 17, of East New York, said she always knew something was weird in there.
"It smelled funky," she said.
Her classmate, Johnathan Hernandez arrived on the scene Saturday night when he got off the J train. He said there were "tons of police, animals and men being arrested. It was crazy."
"I never suspected anything like that," Hernandez said. "The guy that ran it seemed like a really humble guy."
At the cockfights, spectators were charged an admission fee, and alcohol was sold without a permit while drugs were used openly. Organizers hired security personnel who frisked attendees, counter-surveillance within the neighborhood, security cameras and a paid referee. Individual wagers reached as high as $10,000.
At the same time police were raided the Woodhaven location, police executed a search warrant at Pet NV, a pet shop in Bushwick owned by Jeremias Nieves, resulting in the seizure of 50 roosters. Responders found the birds living inside metal cages in the basement, and they had physical alterations consistent with cockfighting.
The following morning, on February 9, police raided a 90-acre farm in Ulster County where as many as 3,000 roosters and hens were seized. The farm had operated for years under the guise of a live poultry farm, and the birds were living in deplorable conditions. Many showed signs of starvation and other conditions requiring medical attention.
The owner of the property collected rent from rooster owners and blood sport enthusiasts in exchange for boarding, feeding and caring for their birds, which were bred and trained for fighting.
Cockfighting paraphernalia was discovered at both the Brooklyn and Queens properties, including artificial spurs, candle wax, medical adhesive tape, syringes used to inject performance enhancing drugs to strengthen the roosters' fighting ability, and other cockfighting implements and paraphernalia.
"Our primary goal was to immediately remove these birds from a cycle of violence and suffering," said Stacy Wolf, senior vice president of the ASPCA's Anti-Cruelty Group.
Birds that were rescued during the bust.


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Night at the North Pole Event Still Scheduled For This Weekend!
While the cold and ice continues today across the Permian Basin, we want to let you know that our Night at the North Pole event is moving forward on Saturday.
The weather is supposed to start clearing up in time for the big day so get your tickets for Night at the North Pole. It's being held at the Sleep Inn & Suites at 5612 Deauville Blvd. in Midland. It'll be toasty warm inside as your children can enjoy the Reindeer Games room which includes Arts & Crafts, games, music and a pizza dinner! You can then cozy up in the Santa Cineplex and enjoy Christmas movies with popcorn and a hot chocolate bar!
After a restful night's sleep at the hotel, there will be a breakfast with Santa the next morning from 8:00 to 9:30am. We'll be sure to e-mail you an itinerary before the event to remind you of all the exciting details.
For more information and how to get your tickets (it wouldn't feel like the North Pole if it wasn't a little cold), click here!