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Saturday, August 19, 2006
OOP is dead
But will this really ease software development? I doubt it. Feature overkill never was a solution - in nearly every are of life. Only adding feature after feature into something don't makes it better. It much more important that someone creates a homogeneous, useful and practical combination of features. To make programming as easy as possible, the programming language should guide the programmer in how to tackle a certain problem. If you have two different paradigm's available in the language how can you decide which paradigm you should use? And if you have to use 3rd party code, how probable is it that they used the same paradigm you used in your application. Fitting code in different paradigms together creates a so called 'impedance mismatch' which often leads do error prone interface-code (think of OR-mappers to fit a declarative relational language like SQL to a OOP-language like Java).
But if 'multi-paradigm' languages are bad (because they don't guide programmers and make code reuse more difficult) what's the appeal of those features from the world of functional programming? It's simply because OOP has it's limitations and those limitations are starting to become more and more obvious.
I will try to look at some of the reasons why OOP failed to live up to its promises and why I think that OOP will be superseded in the future.
One of this limitations is the 'specialty' of the 'this'/'self' parameter. A method call has a specific parameter which is used for method-dispatch: Determining the method to call at runtime. But what if you need two parameters to determine this method? In OOP you can use the visitor pattern, but it requires lots of boiler-plate code. And if you have 3 or more parameter or even want to decide on more complex conditions (like value ranges, structural constraints etc) it's totally useless.
In functional programming it's different: The central element is the function and all parameters are similar. To dispatch between different implementations at runtime most fp-languages support pattern matching which is much more powerful even then multiple-dispatch because it allows dispatch on the deep structure of the data and not only on the type. But even much more simple problems show the problem with using methods:
Lets look at the Java-runtime-libs. Imagine you want to add a new method to a class from those libs. Maybe you want to have a method 'trimLeft' for Strings which works like the standard 'trim' but only trims the left side of the String. It's not possible. You can't extend String because it's final (for otherwise good reasons), and even if you could, all the String you don't create by yourself are 'standard-strings' without a trimLeft method. So the only way to do it is to invent a new class, maybe 'StringUtils' and put your 'trimLeft' method as static method in it. So every time you have want to trim a string you have to remember that 'String.trimLeft' doesn't exists and that you have to call StringUtils.trimLeft(string) instead.
In a functional (and even procedural) language that's not a problem: Because all operations are implemented via functions, you simply define
function trimLeft(s: String);
and that's it. Totally equal to a function which resides in a lib, and you can import your own extension module wherever you want and use it for every String.
Ok, the Python/Ruby/Smalltalk/etc. user will point out, how easy it is in their favorite language to extend a given class later. But even this has it's disadvantages, because it only works in dynamically typed languages and there are some very valid reasons why dynamical (or latent) typing is a bit problematic. Also it don't solves the problem that 'self' isn't equal to the other parameters.
Look at a simple operation like the addition. In OOP you write something like v1.add(v2). This is totally unsymmetric and don't reflects the structure of the addition. Compare this to the procedural/functional solution:
function add(v1: Int, v2: Int):Int;
function add(v1: Float, v2: Int):Float;
function add(v1: Int, v2: Float):Float;
function add(v1: Float, v2: Float):Float;
As easy as it gets and all adds are defined together at one point in your program. And if you decide to extend 'add' with your own type, for example a new type 'Complex', you simply add some new definitions in your library. In a typical OOP-Language you have to modify Int.add instead, and Float.add, and BigInt.add etc. Even if it's possible, it's still lots of work and it's non-local, the changes are in several classes instead of being bundled in one single module.
Because of this OOP is in fact less extensible as functional and even procedural programming. Sure, there are ways to solve this problem (think of C++'s friend functions for example), but those turn out quite often as borrowed from fp-land and are often conflicting with other parts of the language.
Also have look at Part 2 and Part 3 of this series.
16 comments:
Your article (especially the second part) make several excellent points. However, there are also several points which are more contentious, or even wrong. The order of the following is (roughly) as in your article.
0) Adding closures does ease software development (slightly), or at least adds a level of convenience. While throwing them into a language without thought is not a good idea, like any other feature, anecdotally, I'm a lot happier programming in languages with closures (Lisp/Haskell/Python/
Ruby/Smalltalk/...) than languages without them, thought closures are not the only reason why this is the case.
1) Single dispatch (specialized 'self') is not the only way to do things. CLOS, for instance, uses multiple dispatch; multiple dispatch can also be done via libraries in some languages, such as Python.
2) Pattern matching isn't limited to functional languages.
3) The 'add' example speaks of poor design, but it is not a problem of OO. Smalltalk, for instance, is a pure (single dispatch) OO language, and (at least in VisualWorks, the implementation I've used most of it) the way this is handled is to send a message to the argument to '+'; ie, when the receiver was an instance of Integer, "theArg sumFromInteger: self" is then sent; no changes to Integer are needed for this to work for new types of numbers -- they merely need to implement a sumFromInteger: method.
4) Functional and OO programs tend to be extensible in different ways: functional programming makes adding functions easy, but adding or changing data definitions is often more easily handled with OO.
5) I think there's something to be said for multi-paradigm languages, but discussing this goes too far afield.
That functional programming in the Haskell way, or the Erlang or the Scheme way is more powerful than Jova, with it's so-static-everything, single dispatch and tons of other limitations is no news (well, at least for me).
But I'd like a comparition with pure functional programming against something more powerful, like CLOS.
I think an important point would be that dispatching according to pattern matching instead of type is more powerful because you can dispatch according to the data itself.
Yet, I am not sure how the lack of an internal state to objects would help or be a problem in solving problems that are naturally object-oriented, like GUI building.
I am interested though because I'd like to convince myself to use Haskell :)
- Karsten Wagner said...
Closures are a very nice thing, but also they're far from being the philosopher's stone of programming. Sometimes even the use of iterator-objects if more powerful then iteration via closures. Think of iteration over a tree with the normal closure approach: You have a call like forEach(tree, lambda(el) { ... }). But what if you want to compare two trees elementwise? You need parallel-iteration or create a new 'forEach2' function which gives you the possibility to call it like forEach2(tree1, tree2, lambda(el1, el2) { ... }). The problem is that writing a forEach2 is much more difficult then a forEach and if you even want a forEachN then things aren't getting more easy too.
But there are ways out of this problem: One is the use of lasy evaluation. Then you simple have to write a transformer which transforms a data structure into a lasy list and then you only need multiple forEach-functions over those lasy lists. But having general lasy evaluations (while a nice abstractions) always has a definitive performance penalty. Another way to go is to use non-mutable iterators with yielding. This would limit the amount of the required 'lasyness' to certain parts of the programm and is much better optimizable.
About multiple dispatch: I mentioned it in my article, but it has two problems: It's less powerfull compared to real pattern matching (because pattern matching can dispatch not only on types but also in values, even 'deep-down' in some data-structure). And it makes encapsulation problematic, because there is no single 'this' (or 'self') parameter anymore which you can use as base for access restrictions. In fact I think that multiple dispatch has already a functional flavour, a 'method' call with multiple dispatch even looks like a standard function call.
Yes, you can add pattern matching to OOP too, but is it's still OOP then? Or wouldn't this simply be a multi-paradigm language? While pattern matching fits well into functional, relational and declarative programming it really hasn't much to do with the central concepts of OOP.
Smalltalk and add: It's still less readable and composable than using functions with some kind of ad-hoc overloading. If you want to add a new data-type for add, you still need to add lots of sumFromMyNewDatatype: methods to several classes. Also with functions only the functions visible in the actual namespace (composed of the imported modules) are considered for beeing called. So one could have different implementations of a certain datatype and only use one, depending on which modules you import in the current unit and this is also important to avoid name-clashes.
And I really dispute the notion that changing of data structures is more simple in OOP then in other paradigms. If you look at the example in part 2 you see what's neccessary just to add a simple cache-field to a data structure. In facts it even worse, I will post a article about this topic soon.
CLOS is also not really OOP, they don't call it 'generic functions' for a reason. CLOS is a interesting (but IMO unneccessary complex) approach for unifying concepts from OOP with concepts of functional programming. If you look at a CLOS programs you will see that there are often lots of 'normal lisp style' programing all over the place, so it's hard to call this really OOP. It's somewhere in between, but I doubt that it's a good idea to mix it up this way, even if it has it's advantages.
You should look into C# 3.0 some more. Your "this pointer" deal is partially dealt with via Extension Methods, which are new to C# 3.0. They are methods which can be "attached" to any object of one's choice and are bound to at compile time, with an object's own method taking priority if the names and signatures collide.
I'm not sure why you think methods with multiple "this"es of different types belong in any of the "this"es' classes. I would argue that OO methods specific to one type are more readable when called via the dot notation, while functions that "equally" encompass more than one type might be more readable without the dot notation. I'd like to hear a bit more from you why you want to eliminate use of dot-notation for methods, or what sort of notation (that is different from just function calls with no dot) you recommend instead.
- Karsten Wagner said...
C#'s extension methods are more a proof for the validity of my claims. And in fact it's not a really good solution. As I told in my article, even real multiple dispatch (which is an extension of the idea of extension methods) don't really solves the mentioned problems because of the visibility problem.
But because normal functions with pattern matching (which is more powerful then method dispatch) and a good module system instead can simply solve this problem, I think OOP is simply on the wrong track (but not only with this problem, there are lot of others I wrote and will write about).
> I'm not sure why you think methods with multiple "this"es of different types belong in any of the "this"es' classes.
I don't think so. But with OOP you have to specify visibility: The class is some kind of module on its own.
> I'd like to hear a bit more from you why you want to eliminate use of dot-notation for methods,
The problem is not the notation, it's the special abilities of the 'this' parameter. If the compiler would simply always rewrite x.func(y, z) to func(x, y, z) we could the notation which is appropriate in a certain case without having the mentioned problems. I consider x.size + y.size as better readable as add(size(x), size(y)), but with some syntactic sugar we could write both while the semantics are still those of the latter.
@Karsten Wagner,
You said in the comments, "Sometimes even the use of iterator-objects if more powerful then iteration via closures."
Isn't the phrase "iterator-objects" proof that you think in an object-oriented paradigm? Also, you need to learn that object-orientation is a paradigm, a way of thinking. It is not a language; it is an abstraction. It is a layer up somewhere away from the bottom in bottomupness.
Finally, you definitely don't sound like a linguistics person, so who are you to tell me how a language should be designed? Do yourself a favor and buy Writing Systems: A Linguistic Approach by Henry Rogers. Doing so will free you from this vacuous, pretentious, uber-confident ivory tower notion that the language others prefer to talk in is "obselete".
- Karsten Wagner said...
> Isn't the phrase "iterator-objects" proof that you think in an object-oriented paradigm?
I've written programs in the functional, object-oriented and declarative paradigm, so I'm able to compare all of them. Iterator objects are a typical OOP-concept and really have certain advantages over closure based iteration (namely arbitrary parallel iteration). So why not pointing it out?
> Also, you need to learn that object-orientation is a paradigm, a way of thinking.
Thanks for the hint. Maybe using OOP for about 20 years really isn't really enough to notice this.
> It is not a language; it is an abstraction.
Of course. It's the abstraction which has the mentioned problems. And because of this the languages which are customized to support this abstraction have those problems too. So we maybe have to switch to another, better abstraction.
> Finally, you definitely don't sound like a linguistics person, so who are you to tell me how a language should be designed?
I know enough about programming languages to allow me an opinion about them. I do programming for more then 25 years now, have used around 50 different programming languages over the years and know about many more. What's your qualification?
If you can show where I am wrong, please do it, I like good counter arguments. But your ad hominem attack only show your weaknesses to bring up a real argument. And if you're not interested in what I have to tell: Just don't listen.
@Karsten Wagner
> I do programming for more then 25 years now, have used around 50 different programming languages over the years and know about many more. What's your qualification?
I don't have much in the way of qualifications. I'm a very young man, with a relatively clean slate. I believe it's my best and worst quality. I (have) program(ed) in Python, Ruby, Java, C++, CL, OCaml, perl, and PHP. I read a lot of computer science literature. Some of what I read is very academic, some not so academic -- like blogs. On a given day I read an estimated 200 printed pages of computer science.
I also hang around a lot of experienced programmers, and usually the sense I get from them is they spend way too much time hassling over language details and not enough time being productive. They also enjoy making sweeping statements without real case analysis, which underlies more significant problems.
My main problem with most of your thoughts on this topic is that YOU CONSISTENTLY DO NOT PROVIDE ARGUMENT. Your topic sentences stop an idea as soon as they start an idea, so it's hard to get a feel for how far your 20 years of experience has brought you. If you want to declare "OOP is dead", then you can't passively enumerate through problems.
As an example, you say, "CLOS is also not really OOP, they don't call it 'generic functions' for a reason." Here, you make a dramatic statement and then beg off backing it up with logic. Where are the detail sentences to support this statement? When you do take the time to step through your thoughts, you make good points: your short discourse on closures and why they are not the philosopher's stone of programming was good.
- Karsten Wagner said...
> I also hang around a lot of experienced programmers, and usually the sense I get from them is they spend way too much time hassling over language details and not enough time being productive.
Maybe this should make you think. In programming there is always lots of "hassling over details" because every good programmer wants to do a good job and todays programming languages makes this often very hard. Being productive doesn't mean to put out lots of lines of code, it means to put out code which does the job and which is maintainable.
Often a problem could be solved straight-forward by copy&paste programming. But this makes programs very hard to maintain: If you have a 100000-lines program which should only be 50000-lines because of extensive copy&paste programming, then the program will be nearly impossible to maintain later, even if the initial write was relatively quick and straightforward. The reason is that now every change at some basic structure (which has been copied&pasted) has to be replicated numerous times - and always with slight variations (because in c&p-programming each 'paste' has been changed a bit or otherwise it could simply been a function/procedure/method which was called instead of copied). After several of those changes the program will be an incomprehensible chaos.
> My main problem with most of your thoughts on this topic is that YOU CONSISTENTLY DO NOT PROVIDE ARGUMENT.
Hm, I think I provided arguments. But it's hard to provide something very convincing if you don't have the time to to write a whole book (and I admit, I'm not a good writer, especially if I have to write in English). So I try to pick out certain aspects and try to show why and where there are problems.
> If you want to declare "OOP is dead", then you can't passively enumerate through problems.
I've also given certain more fundamental reasons for this - sometimes accomplished by a small example problem. The problem here is that some people will say now 'Pah, thats only Java, if I use my favorite language this program won't exist'. But Java is a rather common language and also very 'pure OO' so it's suited as a common base for those examples (everybody knows Java, but much less knows Python or even CL). Many other languages which are more multi-paradigm can be used differently, but it won't show problems with OOP anymore. This is not about a certain language - it's about a paradigm!
If we look at the Scala-language for example which solves some of the mentioned problems we also have to look if the solution really is OOP anymore.
I've written about the following fundamental problems of OOP:
- that having references compromises encapsulation
- that explicit and distributed state leads to additional complexity
- that binding methods to classes is less extendable then using functions over types
- that in OOP a programmer has to create lots of dependencies between his objects only for performance reasons
- That inheritance as a single is-a relation is to simple to build a paradigm around it
- That OOP fixes certain access-paths in early stages of design and makes it very hard to allow multiple-access-paths at the same time (this will be sole topic of one of the next articles because its a really huge problem)
I think that OOP is fundamentally flawed as a paradigm for general programming because of the above fundamental problems. But it's quite possible that I has to make them a bit more clear.
> As an example, you say, "CLOS is also not really OOP, they don't call it 'generic functions' for a reason."
> Where are the detail sentences to support this statement?
This was in a comment where I choose to not elaborate to much on it. But its not true that I don't gave a reason for this claim. I wrote:
"CLOS is a interesting (but IMO unnecessary complex) approach for unifying concepts from OOP with concepts of functional programming. If you look at a CLOS programs you will see that there are often lots of 'normal lisp style' programing all over the place, so it's hard to call this really OOP. It's somewhere in between, but I doubt that it's a good idea to mix it up this way, even if it has it's advantages."
I thought these are enough reasons and its quite obvious (as long as you know about CLOS a bit). CL is a multi paradigm language which makes it really hard to tell which paradigm is used where. Most CL-code is written in an imperative style with some non-pure functional elements. CLOS puts an object system on it which is based on multiple dispatch. But multiple dispatch is in fact somewhere in between the classic OO-paradigm (where classes are sending message to each other) and the functional paradigm (where everything is a function call). So bringing CLOS as an example why OOP can work only shows that you need additional concepts from functional programming to make OOP work. And then I ask: Why not make the full step?
I also know that functional programming has its problems too, but those problems are different because fp don't says anything about data-representation: While most modern fp languages use something like the ML type system thats not a fundamental part of fp.
On the other hand the data-representation by individual objects which are connected among themselves, each having a state of their own and that they can invoke operations on each other by sending messages which are chosen by the object based on its type is the core of OOP.
This is the basis of the OO-paradigm which I consider useless and harmful for general programming (even if it may work for certain kinds of domains) and this is what I tried to point out.
- Nathan Jawgaping said...
One thing I hate about Web 2.0 is that anyone who knows a programming language or two is suddenly compelled to write an "X is dead or considered harmful" blog post. It's like a rite of passage.
- Karsten Wagner said...
@Nathan: Yeah, I hate this too. But why don't you post that in the blogs of those people who do that?
BTW: If anybody has a problem with a certain statement in this blog, just say so. Bitching around making ad hominem attack is nothing more then a display of ones inability to find real arguments (and I suppose that's also true in the somethingawful forums).
There is no doubt that OOP is dying. It was seriously announced since 1995. Those who do not see that are way behind the trend, and probably have nothing to do in research. It should be obvious for anyone who has poked at academic work in the field.
The average programmer will probably never understand half of what is stated in Karsten's post.
Troll: I wonder what kind of papers you are reading since you fail to understand that.
I do not get why Karsten even bothers to answer such idiotic posts...
- Eric Redmond said...
I would venture to say OOP's problems were apparent even before '95. The death of 'logical positivism' from philosophers such as Popper and Quine pointed out the flaws of any logic system built off of strongly-defined, immutable terms (such as, oh, let's say "Class" definitions). The very existence of "Aspects" display the validity of their arguments.
However - OOP languages which are not class-based (Javascript,...) or allow overriding definitions (Ruby,...) go a long way to aleviating OOP pains. I think OOP will be around for quite a while - just not in the form of languages like Java or C#. This brings the questions: are these new languages even really OOP?
- Gremrod said...
Where do you see the use of generics, being a way to solve some of the problems I have read in your blog and other comments?
- Imp said...
OOP is not dead, but definitely dying ... There are a lot of problems, which OOP cannot handle... One of the most serious is a problems with efficient and secure way of utilize multi-threading. Objects with mutable state is pain in the ass, when you write massively multi-threading system... Locking is a worst solution, Software Transactional Memory seems much more promising... And pure functional programs can be much better paralleled.
Please check out Nimrod: It tries to combine the different paradigms to a coherent and simple language.
(In Nimrod "a.add(b)" is rewritten to "add(a, b)" by the compiler.)


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Déja vu: Halsey Minor's farm back into foreclosure proceedings
Less than a month after he agreed to buy it out of one foreclosure auction, bi-coastal internet titan (and center of Charlottesville's unfinished-hotel storm) Halsey Minor is once again facing the prospect of losing the farm.
Last time, it was a million-dollar second mortgage on his plush 205-acre Fox Ridge Farm that he allegedly defaulted; this time it is the much-larger first deed of trust, a $6.52 million note.
In public filings accompanying some of his litigation with creditors and in comments to reporters, Minor has insisted that his income has actually been rising, but if he's missing monthly payments on his mortgages, that suggests some sort of a financial crisis.
"He's definitely got financial problems," says real estate lawyer Cheri Lewis. "The thing speaks for itself."
Minor, however, claims that the lenders simply "like advertising."
Fox Ridge, which Minor purchased for an undisclosed sum in 1999, features stellar Blue Ridge views, about a mile of Moormans River frontage, and one of Abemarle County's largest equestrian barns.
In the last foreclosure auction, in which the allegedly defaulted amount was around $1 million, Minor himself was the high bidder. Under terms of the auction, he had to bring just $75,000 to the auction and was given 30 days to settle the transaction, i.e. until February 3. In the new alleged default, however, any potential bidder must bring a minimum cash or cashier's check of $325,000 and must settle within just 15 days.
The sale, according to the legal notice published in the Daily Progress, is set for the steps of the Albemarle County Courthouse on February 18 at 3pm.
Although he declined to comment, one likely bidder will be Mark Giles, the holder of the million-dollar second mortgage, as any failure to satisfy the first deed could eat into the value of his loan.
–last updated 10:21am Tuesday
17 comments
Sharp eyes to find that public notice!
I walk past that place everyday on my AM dog walks. It is a lovely property. Minor is an odd character along the lines of Craig Winn, Peter Licata and Rex Scatena.
comment deleted by moderator
And Winn and Scatena also had to put their houses on the market, I think.
has anyone walked past that shell of a building downtown.
what an eyesore.
he is done.
everything else is smoke.
this is not ny or cal.
here you put your money where your mouth is.
the word your looking for is was.
as in he was .
and we hope he is savvy enough to finnish what he started.
what is a carpetbagger?
a tom conway
thank you to you.
So, Minor has until 3 February to cough up the remainder of the $1 million outstanding on the 2nd mortgage, plus the $352,000 (minimum) couple of weeks later, not to mention the rest of the $6.25 million by the end of the month. I'm certain for a Master of the Universe such as Halsey Minor, that's just chump change (I bet he's looking through the sofa cushions as we speak). And I'm sure it's just a matter of time until he makes good on his pledge to complete The Landmark. An astute businessman and dynamic, charismatic risk taker such as Mr Minor can't be bothered with such 'minor' details as paying his mortgage. Yeah, that Halsey Minor; Charlottesville's answer to Donald Trump. Maybe if we're really lucky, he'll turn The Landmark into a casino...
Pete Deer
a"strategic default" does not absolve you from the debt, so if he has the money and defaults they will nail him in court and sieze his other asets.
He is most probably broke.
The city should condemn the building as blight.
The property is technically owned by "Fox Ridge Farm LLC," (limited liability corporation) for exactly this reason. "Halsey Minor" as "himself" doesn't "own" this property. An entity he created owns the place.
Bloom, nope Winn never had to put his house up for sale. He came out just fine from the Value America crash-n-burn.
... Winn came out fine, unlike most of the other investors and employees of Value America.
twwetbird makes a good point about the possibility of a deficiency judgment. If I'm not mistaken, it would need to be done as a "short sale" in order for Minor to avoid having to pay a deficiency. I think what will happen is that Minor will assert a claim that the bidding was "collusive" given Mark Giles role in bidding up the price. He will file some kind of dilatory claim and try to keep this tied up for a while. Where I think things will get interesting is how his creditors will attack his assets in the event of a deficiency judgment. It seems very likely, based on Minor's pattern of cross collateralize his assets with multiple loans (like artwork) and his clear pattern of deception and commingling of funds, that his creditors can "pierce the veil" and go after this punk for everything of value he has left. Minor is completely finished, the noose is tightening.....
Even in "recourse" states trials for remainder due are costly and rarely pursued. The bank(s) have the asset back and can try to make $ back by reselling.
This is about Minor's farm, btw, not the Landmark. That hotel will never be completed unless the City (and UVA) take it over.
There comes a time in everymans life when he just needs to whip it out and prove that he has what he has been bragging about. Now is the time.. pull it out and lay it on the table sir. Show the world what it is you have been bragging about possessing. Show the world that you have what it take to stand erect with pride, unashamed for the world to see the size of your .............wallet.
How thye hell could anyone blow 350 million bucks in less than a decade?
Even if Minor doesn't pay, it doesn't mean he doesn't have the money to pay. He may be doing a "Strategic Default"-- walking away from the mortgage because it makes more sense to. Fox Ridge isn't worth what he paid for it.
And walking away says a big FU to Mark Giles.
Minor lives in California, where strategic defaults have ramped up. It's a movement gaining speed across the Country, and has started here. Yesterday, the debtors for Peter Stuyvestant Village in NYC, the largest real estate transaction ever, handed the keys back to the bank. $5.4 BILLION. Bye-bye.
Mr. Minor is as savvy as they come. Maybe he's broke, maybe he's not. But a foreclosure filing is no way to tell.
Harlowe-Powell auctions says in its contact that a property owner is forbidden by Virginia law to bid on his own property. How was it Halsey Minor, having defaulted on a mortgage, could bid on his own property and thus leave Mark Giles holding yet another worthless promise to pay?


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I was asked to create a layout using color mediums. Of course, I happily obliged! I used a stencil and spray ink to create the ombre background on this layout.
Supplies: Cardstock: American Crafts and Bazzil Basics Paper; Vellum paper: TPC Studio; Stickers and badge: American Crafts; Stencil: The Crafter's Workshop; Die cut and stamp: Elle's Studio; Spray Ink: Canvas Corp.; Ink: Clearsnap; Glitter: EK Success; Die-cutting machine and embossing folder: Sizzix; Dies: Cottage Cutz and Sizzix; Adhesive: Beacon Adhesives, and Tombow; Font: Franklin Gothic; Other: Corrugated cardboard and museum board.
It's so easy to create this colorful ombre background.
1. Grab a large stencil. I used one made by The Crafter's Workshop.
2. Gather several coordinating colors of spray ink and a sheet of cardstock.
3. Place the stencil over the cardstock and start spraying from the top to the bottom, using varying shades from the same color palette to create an ombre look. Note: Although there are 6 bottles of spray ink shown in the photo above, I ended up using only 4 different colors, ranging from blue to aquamarine.
Here's the finished product.
If you've worked with mists, you know that they tend to warp the paper. To flatten the paper, I let it dry completely, then I placed it under something flat and heavy overnight. Sometimes I even iron my misted papers (on a very low heat setting, obviously!).
-Make your own decorative stencil using an electronic die-cutting machine.
-Instead of spray ink, you can use regular ink (apply over the stencil using a dauber), scrapbooking chalks, paint, etc.
Now head on over to the Creating Keepsakes blog where you can find details about the Color Mediums Challenge and the prize you can win! Be sure to visit the Creating Keepsakes blog daily this week to see all the fun challenges, prizes, downloads, and inspiration!


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If you are looking for a great homemade whipped shaving cream recipe, Natures Garden has one for you! With a wonderfully rich and creamy lather, this thick shaving cream will leave your skin feeling smooth and rejuvenated. In fact, after you make this shaving recipe, you will love it so much that you may never buy the store bought version again. Plus, since this recipe is a homemade one, you can scent your shaving cream to your liking. Natures Garden has a wonderful selection of body safe fragrance oils both feminine and masculine, and even a few truly unique ones too.
This light and fluffy cream will give you a close shave every time, and you only need a very small amount of the shaving cream to accomplish this. Because this homemade shaving cream contains the ingredient Bentonite Clay, it makes the shaving lather slicker, allowing the razor a slippery layer to provide a sleek, nick free shave. But, the bentonite clay benefits do not stop there.
Bentonite Clay also helps to sweep away impurities on the skin. It can add a silky, polished feel to a product. But, for scenting purposes in a finished product, the best benefit of Bentonite Clay is the fact that this clay allows for an even dispersion of scent throughout the whole product; working as a fixative.
Rich and exotic Mango Butter is also another stellar ingredient in this recipe. Mango Butter is a luxurious butter that melts on the skin allowing for great moisturizing and softening effects. The addition of this ingredient in your body products is even believed to reduce wrinkle development.
These two powerhouse ingredients together along with a few other necessities produce a whipped shaving cream that is very easy to make, very easy to use, and is a fraction of the cost of store bought kind.
To view the complete whipped shaving cream recipe, you can simply click on this link. If you are interested in other easy to make, homemade bath and body products, candles, or home scenting products, please visit Natures Garden's website. The projects and instructions are listed under the Free Recipes and Classes area, and can be scented in an array of various fragrance oils; so there is something for everyone!


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D-backs executive Hall honored as 'Best Boss'
Team has had success both on and off the field under president and CEO
D-backs president and CEO Derrick Hall was named the "Best Boss" by TeamWork Online, the sports industry's online employment recruiting network.
Hall won the month-long contest held via TeamWork's website and Twitter account. He was named one of five finalists based on the number of times he was mentioned along with the hashtag "#BestBoss." Other finalists included executives from the Padres, Bakersfield Condors, National Fastpitch Coaches Association and Western and Southern Open Tennis.
The "Best Boss" recognition is just the latest honor bestowed upon Hall during his eight-year tenure at the helm in Arizona. Among the other accomplishments Hall has played a part in include the D-backs being named "the best workplace in sports" by Yahoo!, and leading the club to becoming the first sports organization listed among the "Best Places to Work" by the Phoenix Business Journal and BestCompaniesAZ for seven straight years from 2007-13.
Hall has helped turn the D-backs into one of the top organizations in the sports industry through his focus on what he calls the "Circle of Success." This particular business model is centered around the importance of fan experience, performance, community, culture and financial efficiency.
Under Hall's watch, the D-backs have won two National League West titles on the field while excelling in both fan experience and philanthropic work off the diamond. The Arizona Diamondbacks Foundation and the D-backs organization have combined to donate more than $19 million over the past seven years under Hall's direction.


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Are you here for the live hangout?? if so, You Are AWESOME (look, I figured out how to take a picture with my webcam!)
If I can work technology, it should automatically play below….
Simple Crafts and DIY ideas and tutorials
Sharing is caring!
Are you here for the live hangout?? if so, You Are AWESOME (look, I figured out how to take a picture with my webcam!)
If I can work technology, it should automatically play below….
Mandy is a craft blogger who loves to blog and enjoys all things crafty, sewing, and DIY - she feels that if she can do something, you can too, and provides tutorials to help you along the way. She loves being a mom to 4 awesome kiddos and blogs from the Kansas City Area.
Cyn says
Great job ladies! Loved the ideas you shared! I couldn't find the show right on G+ (I don't know what I was doing wrong lol) but watched you here 🙂
Mandy Beyeler says
I'm just glad I figured out how to put int on my blog 🙂
thanks for watching!
Megan says
I was watching!
Dori Stowell says
Great ideas! Love the idea to use real coversation hearts! You could tack them onto bobby pins too! They come the same way as the earrings, with the base on them!
Hannah M. says
Love the video and the cute ideas! I love love love that necklace you were wearing, Mandy. I will have to try that with my daughter 🙂
Denise says
Cute conversation necklace and I LOVE decorating everything with vinyl!
Boo…stupid work restrictions on videos. Guess I will have to watch when I get home.
Sharlyn says
I was at the dollar store, saw the rose petals and conversation hearts…………….that's why we have ladies like you. Didn't even occur to me, haha. Great video!
Love the conversation heart necklace… loved the vid… great ideas found from both of you! Kathi
Kelly Kendall says
Such great ideas….love the Valentines earrings and the necklace and love the flowers out of rose petals that Kim made.
Marilyn says
How fun!! I love how quickly you were making jewelry!
[email protected] says
YOu are both so cute!!!! What a fun thing to do.


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- Price$184,990
- Beds2
- Baths2½
- SQ. Feet1,203
- Built2020
4124 Saddlecreek Way (lot 5505) 5505, Antioch
New construction. Granite kitchen countertops, white vinyl privacy fencing with gate around the patio, blinds on all windows, upgraded kitchen appliances, 9 foot ceilings on first floor, upgraded carpet, granite top island in the kitchen, luxury plank laminate flooring on the entire first floor.
Essential Information
- Price$184,990
- Bedrooms2
- Bathrooms2.50
- Full Baths2
- Half Baths1
- Square Footage1,203
- Acres0.00
- Year Built2020
- TypeResidential
- Sub-TypeTownhouse
- StatusUnder Contract - Not Showing
- AmenitiesUnderground Utilities
- GaragesAsphalt,Assigned
- ConstructionStone,Vinyl Siding
- FencePrivacy
Additional Information
- Date ListedApril 5th, 2020
- Days on Market59
Listing Details
- Listing OfficeOle South Realty
Community Information
- Address4124 Saddlecreek Way (lot 5505) 5505
- SubdivisionOld Hickory Commons
- CityAntioch
- CountyDavidson County, TN
- StateTN
- Zip Code37013
- Interior FeaturesCeiling Fan(s)
- AppliancesDisposal,Refrigerator,Microwave,Dishwasher
- HeatingHeat Pump
- CoolingCentral Air
- # of Stories2
- Basement DescriptionSlab
School Information
- ElementaryCane Ridge Elementary School
- MiddleAntioch Middle School
- HighCane Ridge High School
HOA Information
- HOA Fees$100
- HOA FrequencyMonthly
The data relating to real estate for sale on this web site comes in part from the Internet Data Exchange Program of RealTracs Solutions. Real estate listings held by brokerage firms other than RE/MAX Elite are marked with the Internet Data Exchange Program logo or thumbnail logo and detailed information about them includes the name of the listing brokers.
Disclaimer: All information is believed to be accurate but not guaranteed and should be independently verified. All properties are subject to prior sale, change or withdrawal.
Copyright 2020 RealTracs Solutions.
Listing information last updated on August 6th, 2020 at 8:25pm CDT.


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MAMMA MIA – Tracey's 50th Birthday Party
Photo Booth Hire at Kettering park Hotel – Kettering
How to see your photo booth pictures
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Zucchini slices are lightly sauteed and tossed with herbs instead of being breaded and fried. This recipe also uses olive oil, which is mainly monounsaturated fat.
In a large, nonstick frying pan, heat the oil over medium heat. Add the zucchini slices and saute until their colors intensify, about 5 minutes. Add the dill, cilantro and scallions and stir until evenly mixed. Transfer to a serving bowl. Sprinkle with lemon juice and serve immediately.
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A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. "Mayo," "Mayo Clinic," "MayoClinic.org," "Mayo Clinic Healthy Living," and the triple-shield Mayo Clinic logo are trademarks of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research.


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Cedarwood, fresh snow, and a touch of vanilla tobacco
· Clean Burning Soy Wax*
· Hand Poured in Small Batches
· All-Natural Essential Oils and Fragrance
· 13 oz - 80-hour burn time
· Cotton Wick
*Soy wax burns cleanly unlike petroleum wax, so it won't leave soot or carcinogens in the air. For the best result, allow the wax to form a puddle before extinguishing flame. Trim the wick to about 1/4" before every burn.


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The search found 309 results in 0.01 seconds.
Amidst findings of increased bicycling in the United States, research continues to demonstrate that women and racial minorities are underrepresented as cyclists in the United States (Buehler and Pucher 2012). While quantitative data may reveal estimates of these disparities, we know little about the motivations or deterrents related to cycling as they are experienced by individuals.
The hashtag syllabus is a crowd-sourced body of work that can, in some cases, challenge the knowledge construction of the academy. Hashtag syllabi have the opportunity to reshape how knowledge is produced, whose knowledge is affirmed, and what knowledge people are exposed to.


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COLLEGE STATION (Real Estate Center) – Hungry for more Texas real estate news? Then feast your eyes on NewsTalk Texas, our online news database. Here are a few of the stories you'll find there this week:
NewsTalk Texas is updated each weekday, throughout the day.
Our twice-weekly e-newsletter provides a quick overview of Texas real estate markets. Because your time is valuable.


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The day before the devastating shooting rampage in Isla Vista left seven people dead, the gunman, identified as Elliot Rodger by the attorney for his father, posted a video to YouTube threatening "retribution" for being ignored by women and pledging to take revenge by killing members of a UC Santa Barbara sorority.
Sheriff's department personnel are investigating the video in which a man who identifies himself as Rodger, a 22-year-old Santa Barbara City College student, details plans for "revenge against humanity" prior to the shooting.
"I'll take great pleasure in slaughtering all of you," he says. "You will finally see that I am, in truth, the superior one, the true alpha male."
The sinister tirade contrasts sharply with the setting. The man in the video delivers his nearly-seven-minute screed against a backdrop of blue sky and palm trees while seated in what looks to be the leather-covered driver's seat of a high-end sedan, his face bathed in warm sunlight.
His delivery is calm and deliberate, moving seamlessly between what sounds like an extreme case of post-adolescent angst, detailing the pain of being rejected by women, and horrific, brutal threats.
"Girls gave their affection and sex and love to other men, but never to me," he says. "I'm 22 years old and still a virgin, I've never even kissed a girl. I've been through college for 2 ½ years, more than that actually, and still a virgin. It has been very torturous. College is the time when everyone experiences those things such as sex and fun and pleasure. In those years I've had to rot in loneliness. It's not fair."
His message then moves on to threats.
"If I can't have you, girls, I will destroy you," he says. He pledges to enter a sorority house, kill all of the women inside and then "take to the streets of Isla Vista and slay every single person I see there."
He rants about still being a virgin, and blames women for choosing to have sex with "brutish" men instead of him.
"You girls have never been attracted to me. I don't know why you girls aren't attracted to me," he says. "But I will punish you all for it."
- Images: Isla Vista Rampage
Nine videos were posted to the account in the day before the shooting rampage, nearly all with the theme of anger against women for lack of interest in him as a romantic partner.
Six victims were killed, plus the gunman, and seven more injured when a gunman in a black BMW opened fire in the college town of Isla Vista near the University of California, Santa Barbara Friday night. Approximately 10 minutes passed between the time officials received the first 911 call and the time deputies found the gunman dead.
- Isla Vista Rampage: Gallery, Video, Witness Accounts
According to witnesses, the man fired out of the window of his BMW coupe at several groups of people. Seven people were killed and seven others injured at nine different crime scenes, according to the Santa Barbara County Sheriff's Department.
U.S. & World
News from around the country and around the globe
The gunman was found dead inside the crashed BMW, but it is not immediately clear if he was killed by a sheriff's deputy or a self-inflicted gunshot wound, according to the Santa Barbara County Sheriff's Department.


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NEW YORK, July 12 (UPI) -- Dan Coudreaut, executive chef for McDonald's fast food restaurants, has revealed the secret behind the Big Mac's secret sauce.
All you need to make the Big Mac sauce is store-bought mayonnaise, sweet pickle relish, classic yellow mustard, white wine vinegar, garlic powder, onion powder and paprika, the New York Daily News reported Wednesday.
The paprika, Coudreaut said, "gives it a little flavor but it also helps to enhance the color a little bit."
Coudreaut recently made a video demonstrating that anyone can make the secret sauce in their own home.
"With food it's either contrasting flavors like sweet and sour," Coudreaut said, "or it's contrasting flavors like tomato and basil. Here with the Big Mac sauce it's contrasting flavors."


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Sorry, soap fans: All My Children and One Life to Live aren't heading online after all.
Prospect Park, the company behind the online productions of both soaps, is not able to support the Online Network, which would have streamed AMC and OLTL, after facing both financial and logistical problems.
Is All My Children still headed for the web?
"After five months of negotiations with various guilds, hundreds of presentations to potential financial and technology partners, and a hope that we could pioneer a new network for the future, it is with great disappointment that we are suspending our aspirations to revive One Life to Live and All My Children via online distribution," said Rich Frank and Jeff Kwatinetz in a statement. "It is now becoming clear that mounting issues make our ability to meet our deadlines to get OLTL on the air in a reasonable time period following its January 13, 2012 ABC finale impossible," the statement continues.
The company had been working out deals with the appropriate guilds and unions, though negotiations were becoming increasingly difficult as the company was expected to uphold broadcast standards.
Earlier this month, plans for All My Children were put on hold indefinitely because One Life to Live had been more successful in re-signing current cast members — 13 so far — though any deals made were contingent on union clearances, which were not obtained. For One Life to Live to launch in early 2012, the writers would have already needed to be working on the show, but Prospect Park had yet to strike a deal with the WGA.
All My Children online put on hold — is Susan Lucci to blame?
"We believe we exhausted all reasonable options apparent to us, but despite enormous personal, as well as financial cost to ourselves, we failed to find a solution...While we narrowed in on a financial infrastructure, the contractual demands of the guilds, which regulate our industry, coupled with the program's inherent economic challenges ultimately led to this final decision," the statement continues. "In the end, the constraints of the current marketplace, including the evolution and impact of new media on our industry simply proved too great a match for even our passion."
Will you miss One Life to Live and All My Children?


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Cover just completed -- isn't that a beauty? We will be posting full contents details and free samples on the website's Coming Soon page in the days ahead!
Monday, March 29, 2010
Thursday, March 18, 2010
Frankensteinia, Edisonia, Fournieria, Rondomania!
Over at his Frankensteinia blog today, Pierre Fournier observes the centenary of the the Thomas Edison Company's FRANKENSTEIN (1910), featuring Charles Ogle as the Creature. On a more poignant note, this means, in a broader sense, that the Frankenstein movie, as a subgenre, turns 100 today. The mystery critic known as Arbogast on Film has selflessly spearheaded a movement to encourage voters to elect Frankensteinia as Best Blog of the Year in the current Rondo Hatton Classic Horror Awards competition -- and, as much as I think Mr. Arbogast is similarly deserving, I think Pierre's blog cuts more to the quick of Classic Horror, not to mention Monster Kiddom. You could do worse than to vote Pierre Fournier Monster Kid of the Year.
Rondo voting ends in less than two weeks! Visit the Rondo Awards website soon to cast your ballot! And please remember VIDEO WATCHDOG (and Best Fan Event nominee INFERNO Midnight screening) as you make your selections!
Wednesday, March 17, 2010
Farewell to Carol Marsh
I just learned from the Classic Horror Film Boards that CAROL MARSH, the British actress best remembered as Lucy in Hammer's DRACULA (HORROR OF DRACULA, 1958), has passed away at the age of 80. Marsh, who made a wonderful Alice in the 1949 version of ALICE IN WONDERLAND, ironically passed away on March 6, the day after the release of Tim Burton's new version. As memorable as she was in both films, my favorite of her roles may well be her first, as the strangely feral innocent enamored of Richard Attenborough's kid gangster Pinky in BRIGHTON ROCK (1947, pictured).
Posted by Tim Lucas at Wednesday, March 17, 2010
Labels: Carol Marsh
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That is right no need to stress over extra baggage charges at the airport, ResortQuest Breckenridge will take care of it. Stay for four nights or more in a one bedroom or larger and get 25% off your lodging AND ResortQuest Breckenridge will credit each traveler, up to four travelers, $25 for the extra charges incurred in checking your bags. So bag up everything that you will need for the mountains, fly it and forget about it in Breckenridge!
Terms and conditions: Minimum night stay requirements and blackout dates do apply. Must be a one bedroom unit or larger. May not be combined with any other promotional offer. Subject to availability. Must show proof of receipt for baggage credit at time of check in to receive $25 credit. Additional restrictions may apply. Must mention promo code INT BAG at time of booking. Valid: 10/17/08 – 4/18/09


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Chuck's Challenge 3D can be download from the following websites for different platforms:
i) After installing Chuck's Challenge 3D you need to choose SEARCH from the home screen:
ii) From within SEARCH choose search by Levelid. The levelid is the id of the level:
iii) Type the levelid in the text box and click search. The levelid for this level is: 18508


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Saturday, July 21, 2012
Homer happy happenings
Hamels got three easy ones in the 7th, but then it was his turn to blow the lead and he gave up a leadoff blast to Melky Cabrera in the next inning. It seems that Charlie Manuel does not trust his bullpen, at least anyone not named Jonathan Papelbon. He finally had to pull his guy (128 pitches!) with two outs when Joaquin Arias blooped a hit, the tenth for San Francisco. Antonio Bastardo blew away poor Brandon Belt, who was hitless on the day. Matty was more economical than his opponent, and he entered the 8th having thrown only 88 pitches and he made quick work of the top of the order, the ones that had vexed him in the 6th, ending with a flourish by whiffing Utley. Both starters are among the very best in the game, and both allowed five runs and three homers apiece, Cain in eight full (Brandon Crawford pinch-hit in the top of the 9th) and Hamels one out short of that. You had the figure the Giants had the edge when it went to the 10th, as the team has done well this season in both one-run games and extra-inning games. Papelbon gave up the go-ahead run after a walk to Melky (his second base on balls), the fourth hit of the day by Posey, and a bit of speed and small ball. Big effort in the 9th from a shaky-scary Santiago Casilla to nail down a tough, hard-fought win.
It was unrelated, but in the top of the 6th Angel Pagan was frozen for a called strike three. He unfortunately decided to argue the point with home plate umpire Mike Everitt. He was ejected within about ten seconds, obviously dropping one of the fatal words, and looked like a complete fool doing it. It was a perfect pitch, and even if it were not, it was certainly close enough that a called strike was defensible. Not only that, the ump decides ball and strikes, not the batter, and Pagan knows that. C'mon Angel, that was tacky. Take your strikeouts like a man. No goddamn whining! Gregor Blanco, his replacement, blew a squeeze play in the 8th to help out Hamels and ruin an excellent chance to score the go-ahead run. Ol' Boch doesn't use that play much, and I was surprised he tried it again. Thankfully Blanco made the most of his second chance.
p.s Giants are 20-9 vs. lefties.
3 comments:
- Brother Bob said...
Cain has set the bar so high for himself that this game seems ho-hum r/t his performance. When in fact he was friggin awesome. Eight full innings on the road against a top-notch opponent, and he smacks a homer!
So what if everyone was hitting them out yesterday. I had to LOL when Hamels answered Cain's HR right away with his own.
Posey is approaching Holy Shit! status, he's been so hot. His average rose to .314 yesterday.
- Sun Jul 22, 09:48:00 AM PDT
Umpires are very quick to act on a ball-and-strike argument when the game is on national tv.
- Sun Jul 22, 12:01:00 PM PDT
- nomisnala said...
I will say this: Pagan during the last week received a bunch of bad calls at home plate for balls and strikes. Looked like they had it out for him, ala Ray Durham, so he was frustrated. Perhaps the pitch he decided to argue was not the best one to argue about, but in the wisdom of the baseball gods, that moved helped the giants in that his replacement was key to the victory, after Blanco was almost key in causing the loss. Strange how things turn around really fast. Now its time for Belt's season to turn around.
- Mon Jul 23, 04:28:00 PM PDT


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Achieve with us.®
Home ... Who We Are ... History ... Research & Prevention ... 1980s
1980- The Arc sponsors its first conference on cure of mental retardation to assess the nature of research being conducted in this area. - The Arc develops and publishes a book, Curative Aspects of Mental Retardation.
1981The Arc conducts a survey of state genetic screening programs. A listing of each state's specific infant screening tests is developed and distributed to The Arc's state and local chapters; Two Research Monographs are developed and distributed - Mental Retardation: The Search for Cures and The Prevalence of Mental Retardation.
1982The Arc implements the megavitamin research project to study the effects of nutritional supplements on the intellectual, social, and adaptive functioning of persons with mental retardation.
1983- The Arc publishes the Research Monograph, An Overview of Down Syndrome Research;- A national campaign is implemented to support research in the area of prevention and the detection of preventable causes.
1984- The Arc publishes and distributes the monograph, Prevention: If not you, who? If not now, when?; - The Arc participates in a coalition of five organizations to plan a national prevention effort. A national conference on prevention of mental retardation is convened; - The Arc initiates its Bioengineering Program.
1985- Research funds are award to Boston Children's Hospital to study the insulin-like growth factor on fetal development; - A workshop titled, A Cure for Mental Retardation?…A Look at New Genetic Technologies and Their Potential Curative Applications is presented at the 36th national convention; - The National Prevention Coalition begins work on the development of a model state plan.
1986The Arc's Board of Directors establishes the Scientific Advisory Panel, composed of past Distinguished Research Award winners, to advise the Research, Prevention and Program Services Committee on research priorities and issues.
1988- The Prevention Information Network (PIN) is established; - Advocacy by The Arc's Governmental Affairs Office results in the establishment of the Disabilities Prevention Program at CDC; Publications, Preventing Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Other Alcohol-Related Birth Defects: Teacher's Manual; - 10 Projects for Preventing Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Other Alcohol-Related Birth Defects and Have You Heard? are completed and distributed to local chapters, with funding from Zeta Tau Alpha
1989- The Arc's Board of Directors splits the Research, Prevention, and Program Services Committee into three separate committees. The Prevention Committee meets for the first time, with Peter Leibert as Chair; - The PIN holds its first meeting at National Convention in San Antonio;
The Arc, 1825 K Street, NW, Suite 1200, Washington, DC 20006(800) 433-5255, ©2018 All rights reserved.
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Want to donate physical items? Contact a local chapter.


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A friend is considering buying a MacBook pro AppleCare package. She lives on the Canary Islands, and is getting a new MacBook soon.
Is there any official information on what kind of AppleCare services are available there? I don't seem to be able to find that information anywhere on the Apple site - and I don't speak Spanish, so searching apple.es is out of the question.


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This is an excerpt from Social Issues in Sport, Second Edition, by Ronald B. Woods, PhD.
Off-Field Violence
It is not clear if on-field violent behavior leads to off-field violence. Common sense suggests that people who become accustomed to using physical intimidation and violence in sport naturally revert to those behaviors when facing conflict outside of sport. Athletes who hang out at bars, restaurants, or clubs are often targets for other tough guys, who bait them with insults and disrespect. The athlete, who feels his manhood is being challenged, may struggle not to respond with physical force. However, athletes who do respond physically may be simply reflecting cultural upbringing that was established outside of sport. Sport may not be the cause of violence, but rather a result of the athletes' upbringing or natural disposition, which led them to choose a violent sport. As we saw in chapter 13, young males from lower socioeconomic classes tend to embrace sport to prove their masculinity. Any challenge to their manliness compels them to respond or lose face in front of their peers.
Alcohol consumption and binge drinking add to the problem of violence. In chapter 7 we discussed studies showing that athletes are more likely than nonathletes to binge. Athletes who are not in full command of their faculties are more likely to lose control and commit violent acts.
A sensitive topic for many athletes is the apparent rise in violence against women among male athletes. Most men would be quick to say that they respect women and certainly don't intend women harm. Here are some statistics from the National Coalition Against Violent Athletes on its website at ncava.org:
These statistics were gathered from 107 cases of sexual assault reported at 30 Division I schools between 1991 and 1993 (Crosset, Benedict, and McDonald 1995). Critics of this study say the sample size was relatively small and was not controlled for the use of alcohol, the use of tobacco, and the man's attitude toward women. Those three factors are the main predictors of a male's inclination toward gender violence. More recent studies have corroborated the study by Crosset and colleagues, and one researcher concluded that "a disproportionate number of campus gang rapes involve fraternities or athlete groups" (Simmons 2002). However, Todd Crosset (1999) reviewed the published research on violence against women by male athletes and concluded that while male athletes seem to be more frequently involved in sexual assaults than other male students, the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant.
Domestic violence is the number-one crime perpetrated by athletes (Benedict and Yaeger 1998). In almost every case, the domestic violence involves male athletes who play violent sports physically abusing wives or girlfriends. In 2010, starting running back Steve Jackson of the St. Louis Rams was accused of beating up his girlfriend while she was nine months pregnant with his child. His former girlfriend, Supriya Harris, said that Jackson "forcibly grabbed my arm, flung me against the door and repeatedly pushed me to the ground." Jackson took Harris to the hospital and told her to tell the doctors she had fallen in the shower. Ten days later, she delivered their child, but the couple separated four months later after he threatened her again (TMZ 2010).
Yet it is not clear that athletes are any more involved in serious crime than the general population is. In a follow-up study, Blumstein and Benedict (1999) showed that 23% of the males in cities with a population of 250,000 or more are arrested for a serious crime at some point in their life. That compares with the 21.4% of NFL football players who had been arrested for something more serious than a minor crime as reported in Benedict's earlier study (Benedict and Yaeger 1998). In fact, when Blumstein and Benedict compared NFL players with young men from similar racial backgrounds, they discovered that the arrest rates for NFL players were less than half that of the other group for crimes of domestic violence and nondomestic assaults. Is it difficult or nearly impossible to turn the violence off as soon as practice or the game is over? The majority of athletes who display violent on-field behavior don't continue their aggression off the field. If they did, the court records and news media would surely let us know. We simply do not have enough research to address this question, nor do we have complete data on the incidence of domestic violence by athletes. Most families prefer not to publicize such incidents until they become frequent or incapacitating, and most women do not wish to press charges.
Some athletes do develop a sense of entitlement as their fame grows (Benedict and Yaeger 1998). Whatever city they're in, male athletes are surrounded by female groupies. The athletes often treat these women with disdain and yet are still tempted by their offers of sex. Wilt Chamberlain, a former great NBA player, boasted in his autobiography that he had slept with over 20,000 women . . . which, if true, shows a definite degree of deviance (ESPN 1999).
A notable case involved boxer Mike Tyson, who attacked and raped Desiree Washington, a church- going beauty queen with a squeaky-clean image. Although Tyson was convicted and sent to jail, Washington's career, psyche, and reputation were sullied forever. Typically, the male aggressor contends that his victim was "asking for it" and acting like a "slut." Tyson claimed that he did not rape Washington, but once she filed charges he became so angry that he said, "I just hate her. Now I really do want to rape her" (Rivers 2003).
More recent cases of violence or rape charges against prominent superstars such as basketball player Kobe Bryant of the Los Angeles Lakers and football player Ben Roethlisberger of the Pittsburgh Steelers illustrate just how difficult it is to evaluate the facts of the cases. While both players admitted to a consensual sexual relationship, they denied having forced themselves on the women. It is no secret that there are many cases of women who actively pursue a relationship with a famous athlete and then later renounce their responsibility for it. Although some of these cases make high-profile news reports, the legal process is often lengthy and costly and in the final analysis reveals only shades of gray in assigning blame.
Perhaps no case captured the public's attention as much as that of O.J. Simpson, who was accused but found not guilty of killing his wife Nicole in 1994. As a football player, Simpson had won the Heisman Trophy in 1968 while at the University of Southern California, and he went on to stardom in the NFL for the Buffalo Bills and then the San Francisco 49ers. Simpson followed his football career as an on-air television sportscaster and was a familiar television personality. In spite of widespread suspicion of his guilt, Simpson was acquitted of all charges. However, in 1997, he was held liable in civil court for the deaths of Nicole and her acquaintance Ron Goldman, who had been at her home. O.J.'s case is often pointed to as the ultimate example of a professional athlete who avoided punishment because of his money and fame.
Could reports of violent behavior by professional football and basketball players be rooted in the racist fears of the U.S. public? You'll recall that table 11.3 showed the percentage of African Americans in 2008 in the NFL to be 66% and in the NBA to be 77%. With such dominance also comes some jealousy and suspicion on the part of whites about violent black men since they see violent behavior on the football field or the basketball court. According to the National Opinion Research Center survey sponsored by the National Science Foundation at the University of Chicago, 56% of Caucasian Americans believe African Americans are more violent than whites are (Lapchick 1999). Also, of the 1,600 daily newspapers published in the United States, fewer than half a dozen have African American sport editors in cities where there are pro franchises. The United States appears to have Caucasian American sport journalists writing for a Caucasian American audience that may already have prejudiced views of African American men.
While there is no question that violence occurs, when it involves football or basketball athletes it receives exhaustive media coverage. Since African American men dominate those sports, if they are involved in violent behavior it is practically guaranteed that the case will be widely publicized. African Americans such as Satch Sanders, who helped the Boston Celtics win eight world championships, are outraged by the violent portrayal of African American athletes. They point to the millions of dollars that famous athletes donate to schools, charities, and youth foundations. Most professional athletes are solid family men who respect their wives, mothers, sisters, and women in general. Joyce Williams-Mitchell is the executive director of the Massachusetts Coalition of Battered Women's Service Groups and an African American woman who hates the violent image of athletes. She says, "It is a myth! Most batterers are men who control women through their profession, and they include police officers, clergymen, dentists, and judges. Athletes get the headlines, though, and an unfair public rap. Men from every profession (regardless of race) have the potential to be batterers" (Lapchick 1999).
As already stated, we need more research before coming to any conclusions about violence and sport. Rather than rely on sensational examples from the press, we need solid data such as rates of occurrence to compare with the data for other groups of people. Drug and alcohol use should also be noted, since they and not sport may be the cause of violence. No one is helped by sensationalized reporting or hidden facts. We need to address this issue as a society and take steps to prevent violence (Hughes 2004).
Learn more about Social Issues in Sport, Second Edition.
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Doubling Down On Secrecy: ITU Believes Secret Media Strategy Key To Avoiding SOPA/ACTA Fate
from the good-luck-with-that deptAs the WCIT (World Conference on International Telecommunications) gets under way in Dubai, the ITU is making its play to regulate the internet, potentially to aid authoritarian governments in censoring or limiting the internet, or to divert money from innovative internet companies to stagnant state telcos out of a claim of "fairness." There's obviously been a lot of talk about it, and the ITU keeps claiming that it's just a neutral body to facilitate discussions, even as increasing evidence suggests it's urging many of the crazier proposals forward itself.
And now it's come out that ITU officials recently held a "secret" meeting to figure out how they were going to avoid getting SOPA'd, having the world rise up in protest as it tries to implement its internet regulatory regime. Following some bizarre and paranoid fantasy about how the anti-ITU, anti-WCIT efforts are really just because an unnamed "lobbying group" didn't like one proposal (the one mentioned above about diverting money from internet companies to telcos), the meeting got down to business: how could they use social media to prevent SOPA- or ACTA-like uprisings from the public:
In response to the anti-WCIT "campaign," according to the September retreat's preparatory materials, the ITU reluctantly launched a "counter-campaign," which the agency believes "has been fairly successful outside the US and somewhat successful even in the US," where "some of the statements made to denigrate ITU and WCIT are so extreme that they were easy to challenge and rebut."Of course, the campaign doesn't really appear to be going that well -- especially since so much of it revolves around "deflect[ing] media questions from secrecy, taxes and censorship" to the blandly empty (and absolutely silly) statement that "the revised ITRs have the exciting potential to pave the way for a broadband revolution in the 21st century." I'm sure that sounds catchy on a tweet. The problem, of course, is that folks on the internet don't tend to believe that kind of bureaucrat-speak when they know it's not true. As Downes notes:
Going forward, the ITU focused at its meeting on the possibility of an "intensive anti-ratification campaign in OECD countries, based on the so-called lack of openness of the WCIT process, resulting in a significant number of countries refusing to ratify the new ITRs." The ITU calls this possibility "the so-called ACTA scenario," referring to sometimes violent protests against the secret ACTA treaty that took place this year.
To develop the next phase of its "counter-campaign," the ITU hosted speakers from leading PR and advertising agencies to advise them on the use of social media. For example, Matthias Lufkens, Head of Digital Strategy for global public relations firm Burson-Marsteller, gave a presentation on how his agency helped the World Economic Forum leverage tools such as Facebook, Twitter, and Flickr to fend off "occupy"-style protests that occurred both physically in Davos and on the Internet.
"There is a risk that [the ACTA scenario] will happen, but our communication campaign can mitigate this," the internal document says.
Here's the unvarnished truth, which no PR agency can help the agency talk, tweet, or prevaricate their way around: The commercial Internet emerged and matured entirely since the treaty was last reviewed. It developed in spite of the ITRs, not because of them.Once again, these bureaucrats really have no clue what they're doing.
There is a familiar pattern here of ambitious regulators who have no expertise and little experience with the Internet proclaiming themselves its benevolent dictators, only to find the peasants revolting before the coup has even started.
The ITU is no different than the sponsors of ACTA, SOPA, PIPA, and other attempts at regulating the Internet, its content, or its users by governments large and small. Like the media lobbyists who continue to see the successful fight to kill SOPA and PIPA as a proxy war waged solely by Google and other Internet companies, the ITU simply can't accept the reality that Internet users have become their own best advocates.
Filed Under: acta, itu, media, secrecy, sopa, strategy, wcit


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Used 2004 Toyota Tacoma Double Cab
Pros & Cons
- Flexible and refined drivetrains, competent off-road, multiple body configurations, available stability control, solid build quality and reliability record.
- Most convenience features are optional, no third or fourth door on Xtracabs.
Used 2004 Toyota Tacoma Double Cab for Sale
Get More For Your Trade-In
Edmunds' Expert Review
A capable compact pickup with a variety of body styles and a strong reputation for reliability. Value is in question, however, as a short standard equipment list makes it easy to spend a bundle on options.
Vehicle overview
Tacoma. Toyota says the name is supposed to suggest the rugged outdoors, as well as strength and adventure, but a friend of ours once quipped, "Obviously, nobody from Toyota has actually been to Tacoma."
Making pickups for the U.S. market since 1964 (remember the Stout, anyone?), Toyota introduced its sixth-generation truck and the Tacoma nameplate in 1995. Designed and built in America, the Tacoma line has been well received. Since '95, Toyota has been steadily increasing the number of Tacoma variations. There are now 17 different versions, meaning the odds are good that you'll be able to find a truck to fit your needs.
Toyota hopes to attract buyers with the handsome styling and rugged image of its Tacoma as well as its reputation for quality and reliability. We give the truck high marks, but often question the value it represents. Most of these Toyota trucks don't come cheap. Guess that's the price you pay for the peace of mind a Toyota provides.
2004 Toyota Tacoma models
The 2004 Toyota Tacoma comes in three body styles: Regular Cab, Xtracab and Double Cab. Each is available with two-wheel or four-wheel drive. Toyota also offers Tacomas with a "PreRunner" designation. PreRunners are 2WD trucks that have the looks and heavy-duty suspension of 4WD models. The Double Cab is a compact crew cab that offers four full-size doors and a longer passenger compartment for people who want a pickup and an SUV but can't afford both. In order to keep overall length reasonable for on- and off-road maneuverability, the Double Cab's bed length is shortened to 61.5 inches. Toyota also offers a special 2WD S-Runner Xtracab sport truck equipped with the V6, a five-speed manual transmission and a sport-tuned suspension. Standard features are few and far between. On most Tacomas, items like air conditioning, cruise control, bucket seats and power windows and locks are all optional. Toyota does offer two optional packages -- SR5 and Limited -- that bundle the most desired features. A TRD off-road package is also available that includes an upgraded suspension, meaty 16-inch tires and a locking rear differential.
2004 Highlights
Performance & mpg
You'll find one of three engines underneath the hood of a Tacoma. Two-wheel-drive Tacomas get a 2.4-liter, four-cylinder base engine, rated at 142 horsepower and 160 pound-feet of torque. Tacoma 4WDs and 2WD PreRunners are upgraded with 2.7-liter four with 150 horsepower and 177 lb-ft of torque. Standard on Double Cab and optional on Xtracab models is a 3.4-liter V6 that whips out 190 horses and 220 lb-ft of torque. Transmission choices include either a five-speed manual or four-speed automatic. When it comes to towing power, four-cylinder models can handle up to 3,500 pounds, while the V6 is capable of handling up to 5,000 pounds.
Antilock brakes with Electronic Brakeforce Distribution are standard on all Tacomas. Traction control is standard on V6 models (V6 PreRunners also have a limited-slip differential), and stability control is optional. In government crash testing, the 2004 Toyota Tacoma earned three stars (out of a possible five) for driver safety in frontal impacts and four stars for the passenger. In side-impact testing, it received three stars for front-occupant safety, with a high likelihood of pelvic injury. The IIHS gave the Tacoma an "Acceptable" rating for frontal offset crash testing.
Driving the 2004 Toyota Tacoma is easy enough thanks to its compact dimensions. Both four-cylinder engines offer adequate acceleration, while the V6 has a broad power band and is well suited for towing and off-roading. Ride quality can suffer if the TRD off-road package is ordered, but the payoff in terms of enhanced off-road ability is well worth it. Handling is competent on pavement, and the brakes are strong.
The Tacoma's interiors are industrial in design and look dated, but are constructed of high-quality materials. Switchgear is logically placed and easy to use. The seats are generally comfortable, but larger drivers might find them short on room.
Consumer reviews
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Antique 1845 Sydenham By J. Clementson England Mulberry Platter Flow Blue
This item has been shown 5148 times.
Antique 1845 Sydenham By J. Clementson England Mulberry Platter Flow Blue :
Antique Sydenham by J. Clementson, 1845. It is made in Mulberry mark ENGLAND Turkey Platter FLOW BLUE
Measures 13-1/4" x 11". It has two cracks due to age visible on the backside only.
From a no pets, non smoking home.
Check My response and offer with Confidence!
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I will not be responsible for items lost or damaged during shipment without insurance. Insurance is always an option unless otherwise stated in my description. Cost is based on the insured value of the item. Insurance receipt will be sent to buyer to file claim due to receipt is made out in buyers name Items are shipped by USPS Priority mail unless otherwise stated. I am always happy to combine shipping when possible to save money but please be aware that charges are based on package size as well as weight. I will send a shipping quote upon request. Please include your zip code and the item numbers that you wish to offer.
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Antique 1845 Sydenham By J. Clementson England Mulberry Platter Flow Blue :
Vintage Thanksgiving & Turkey Collectibles Guide Incl Decor China & More
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Vintage Thanksgiving Wax Candles 7 Turkeys Gurley
Vintage Large Ceramic Turkey 18" Platter
Vintage Thanksgiving Candles Large Turkey Mom Dad And Kids? Collectible Classics
Pair Paper Mache Turkeys Vintage Candy Containers 7 In. Tall Atco Co T-3


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With The Host movie a year away, we thought we'd put up an official list of the cast Twitters. No doubt more will join, but at least we know these are real. No sense in talking to imposters!
The Host Official Twitter List
As of April 10, 2012
The Host Film @thehostfilm
Saoirse Ronan … Melanie Stryder @saoirse_ronan
Diane Kruger … The Seeker
Jake Abel … Ian O'Shea @MrJakeAbel
Max Irons … Jared Howe
Frances Fisher … Maggie Stryder @Frances_Fisher
William Hurt … Jeb Stryder
Chandler Canterbury … Jamie Stryder @chancanterbury
Boyd Holbrook … Kyle O'Shea
Stephen Rider … Seeker Reed @riderstephen
Scott Lawrence…Doc (not listed on IMDB but confirmed by Frances Fisher)
????….has been cast but not being released
Producer: Nick Weschler @nwprods
Writer: Stephenie Meyer
Writer/Director: Andrew Niccol


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I am off. On holiday. 8 days. Starting tomorrow.
It's my last big blow out before I settle down to the nomadic existence I'm likely to be leading for the next few months, involving all my favourite activities – packing (it's the devil's work), budgeting, moving, unpacking (more of the devil's work), and commuting from the suburbs of London.
Danny had his time off a couple of months ago, 1 week in France and 1 long weekend at the Big Chill festival and now it's my turn. Granted, his week in France was doing hard labour on his house out there, but it was still a week in sun-drenched France while I sat at my desk looking out at the appropriately nicknamed 'Wall of Misery'.
Now I'm off: Driving from Phoenix, Arizona to LA with a girlfriend (Thelma and Louise style but without the tragic ending). It's a holiday I booked over 5 months ago, which makes it feel 'free', and I had no idea when I booked it that I would be semi-celebrating (I shouldn't tempt fate as we're still not home and dry quite yet) owning a guest house in St Ives. I love it when that happens, just more evidence of not knowing what's just round the corner.
Anyway… while I am excited about going it does involve me letting go of everything that's going on here. I'm sure you'll be surprised to learn that the ability to let go is not one of my more obvious personality traits, along with relinquishing control, delegating, and handing over responsibility. However it's something I'm being forced to do, not being very keen on getting a phone bill that I would need a second mortgage to pay by calling from the States all week.
It's over to Danny who is calmer, more efficient (he doesn't waste time blogging and talking to people on Twitter), and less of a drama queen. I have every confidence that by the time I come back our wonderfully patient mortgage broker will not be very keen to pick up communications with me again – me of the 25 phone calls, 9001 emails, and 62 questions per day.
Have a good week all, and here's hoping that by the time I'm back online we will have had closure around the mortgage.


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As far as free agency in general goes, Kenny said "money's tight. Money's tight all over the world, and certainly on the South Side. We know where the break-even numbers are. We're going to spend whatever we have available."
and on Jermaine Dye:
Kenny said he spoke with Dye this morning and wouldn't totally close the door on Dye possibly coming back. "I did play around with some deals that might create space or might create a fit for J.D. at this time," Kenny said. "It didn't happen at this juncture, but I don't think you can rule it out because it's a long off-season. We just got started. Everyone knows I think the world of this guy."


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Tuesday, May 8, 2012
All recoveries are not created equal.
Posted by Randall Parker at 12:00 AM
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"The problem with socialism is you eventually run out of other people's money" - Margaret Thatcher "The curious task of economics is to demonstrate to men how little they really know about what they imagine they can design" - F.A. Hayek


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Hello ,
I am your weight and used my pulsion 12m with hydrofoil but also small and big light wind TT ( door 160 * 45 as far as I remember) for one year now; here are my low ends with the 12m (wind at 10 -15m height, so you can remove at least 2 knots if measured on the beach):
- foil : 5-6 knots
- Big TT door : easy in 9 knots , extreme low end not tested ; I met a guy on the water with a Speed 3 21m , +10 kg but a even bigger door ( 170) , and I can ride like him if not better with higher speed ; jumps posible at that wind;
- small TT : 129*33 North Xride : 12 knots
-snowkite : 4 knots
Last year I was a bit alone to describe all the good points of this kite and make me believed; now in France, we have plenty of good feedbacks : I am personally aware of about 12 people who tried it, only 2 did not fell in love (one Flysurfer lover and first time he was trying line extensions , while strong wind, the other strutless kite user but he choose the standard cloth instead of light cloth for light wind ...), but all 10 other loved and bought one , considering it is the kite to have in your quiver (except one who has not enough money but would have loved to) ; just to highlight that its all-round performance is appreciated from hyper light wind lovers to waves or hydrofoil or snowkite.
I bought a 15m for extreme light wind records (not a reasonnable gift ...) , maybe I'll try the 15m today with a TT. But the 12m is more all-round at least for hydrofoil. For TT application you could consider the 12 or the 15 IMO, knowing that the low-end is comparable to a bigger kite (+2 m2 , foil or LEI).


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