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[Federal Register Volume 77, Number 31 (Wednesday, February 15, 2012)] [Notices] [Pages 8848-8852] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2012-3560] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Application for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program AGENCY: Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, Department of Education. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Overview Information: Advanced Placement Test Fee Program. Notice inviting applications for new awards for fiscal year (FY) 2012. Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) Number: 84.330B. [[Page 8849]] Dates: Applications Available: February 15, 2012. Deadline for Transmittal of Applications: April 6, 2012. Deadline for Intergovernmental Review: June 5, 2012. Full Text of Announcement I. Funding Opportunity Description Purpose of Program: The AP Test Fee program awards grants to eligible State educational agencies (SEAs) to enable them to pay all or a portion of advanced placement test fees on behalf of eligible low- income students who (1) are enrolled in an advanced placement course and (2) plan to take an advanced placement exam. The program is designed to increase the number of low-income students who take advanced placement tests and receive scores for which college academic credit is awarded. Program Authority: 20 U.S.C. 6534. Applicable Regulations: The Education Department General Administration Regulations (EDGAR) in 34 CFR parts 75, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 97, 98, and 99. II. Award Information Type of Award: Discretionary grants. Estimated Available Funds: For Fiscal Year 2012, the appropriation for the Advanced Placement Test Fee and Advanced Placement Incentive programs is $26,948,970. Of this amount, the Secretary expects to award $19,962,200 in grants under the Advanced Placement Test Fee program. Under Section 1703 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), the Secretary gives priority to funding activities under the Advanced Placement Test Fee program and distributes any remaining funds in grants under the Advanced Placement Incentive program. Estimated Range of Awards: $5,220-$7,231,445. Estimated Average Size of Awards: $464,237. Estimated Number of Awards: 43. Note: The Department is not bound by any estimates in this notice. Project Period: Up to 12 months. III. Eligibility Information 1. Eligible Applicants: SEAs in any State, including the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the freely associated states of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, and the Republic of Palau (subject to continued eligibility). Note: For the purposes of this program, the Bureau of Indian Education in the U.S. Department of the Interior is treated as an SEA. 2. a. Cost Sharing or Matching: This program does not require cost sharing or matching. b. Supplement-Not-Supplant: This program involves supplement-not- supplant funding requirements. Section 1706 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, as amended (ESEA), requires that grant funds provided under the AP Test Fee program supplement, and not supplant, other non-Federal funds that are available to assist low- income individuals in paying for the cost of advanced placement test fees. 3. Other: Current grantees under this program that expect to have sufficient carryover funds to cover school year 2011-2012 advanced placement exam fees for eligible low-income students should not apply for a new award under this program. IV. Application and Submission Information 1. Address To Request Application Package: To obtain an application package via the Internet use the following address: www.ed.gov/programs/apfee/applicant.html. To obtain an application package from the U.S. Department of Education use the following address: Francisco Ramirez, U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue SW., room 3E224, Washington, DC 20202-6200. Telephone: (202) 260-1541 or by email: [email protected]. If you use a telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD) or a text telephone (TTY), call the Federal Relay Service (FRS), toll free, at 1- 800-877-8339. Individuals with disabilities can obtain a copy of the application package in an accessible format (e.g., braille, large print, audiotape, or compact disc) by contacting the program contact person listed in this section. 2. Content and Form of Application Submission: Requirements concerning the content of an application, together with the forms you must submit, are in the application package for this program. 3. Submission Dates and Times: Applications Available: February 15, 2012. Deadline for Transmittal of Applications: April 6, 2012. Applications for grants under this program must be submitted electronically using the Grants.gov Apply site (Grants.gov). For information (including dates and times) about how to submit your application electronically, or in paper format by mail or hand delivery if you qualify for an exception to the electronic submission requirement, please refer to section IV. 7. Other Submission Requirements of this notice. We do not consider an application that does not comply with the deadline requirements. Individuals with disabilities who need an accommodation or auxiliary aid in connection with the application process should contact the person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT in section VII of this notice. If the Department provides an accommodation or auxiliary aid to an individual with a disability in connection with the application process, the individual's application remains subject to all other requirements and limitations in this notice. Deadline for Intergovernmental Review: June 5, 2012. 4. Intergovernmental Review: This program is subject to Executive Order 12372 and the regulations in 34 CFR part 79. Information about Intergovernmental Review of Federal Programs under Executive Order 12372 is in the application package for this program. 5. Funding Restrictions: We reference regulations outlining funding restrictions in the Applicable Regulations section of this notice. 6. Data Universal Numbering System Number, Taxpayer Identification Number, and Central Contractor Registry: To do business with the Department, you must-- a. Have a Data Universal Numbering System (DUNS) number and a Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN); b. Register both your DUNS number and TIN with the Central Contractor Registry (CCR), the Government's primary registrant database; c. Provide your DUNS number and TIN on your application; and d. Maintain an active CCR registration with current information while your application is under review by the Department and, if you are awarded a grant, during the project period. You can obtain a DUNS number from Dun and Bradstreet. A DUNS number can be created within one business day. If you are a corporate entity, agency, institution, or organization, you can obtain a TIN from the Internal Revenue Service. If you are an individual, you can obtain a TIN from the Internal Revenue Service or the Social Security [[Page 8850]] Administration. If you need a new TIN, please allow 2-5 weeks for your TIN to become active. The CCR registration process may take five or more business days to complete. If you are currently registered with the CCR, you may not need to make any changes. However, please make certain that the TIN associated with your DUNS number is correct. Also note that you will need to update your CCR registration on an annual basis. This may take three or more business days to complete. In addition, if you are submitting your application via Grants.gov, you must (1) be designated by your organization as an Authorized Organization Representative (AOR); and (2) register yourself with Grants.gov as an AOR. Details on these steps are outlined at the following Grants.gov Web page: www.grants.gov/applicants/get_registered.jsp. 7. Other Submission Requirements: Applications for grants under this program must be submitted electronically unless you qualify for an exception to this requirement in accordance with the instructions in this section. a. Electronic Submission of Applications. Applications for grants under the AP Test Fee program, CFDA number 84.330B, must be submitted electronically using the Governmentwide Grants.gov Apply site at www.Grants.gov. Through this site, you will be able to download a copy of the application package, complete it offline, and then upload and submit your application. You may not email an electronic copy of a grant application to us. We will reject your application if you submit it in paper format unless, as described elsewhere in this section, you qualify for one of the exceptions to the electronic submission requirement and submit, no later than two weeks before the application deadline date, a written statement to the Department that you qualify for one of these exceptions. Further information regarding calculation of the date that is two weeks before the application deadline date is provided later in this section under Exception to Electronic Submission Requirement. You may access the electronic grant application for the AP Test Fee program at www.Grants.gov. You must search for the downloadable application package for this program by the CFDA number. Do not include the CFDA number's alpha suffix in your search (e.g., search for 84.330, not 84.330B). Please note the following:
When you enter the Grants.gov site, you will find information about submitting an application electronically through the site, as well as the hours of operation. Applications received by Grants.gov are date and time stamped. Your application must be fully uploaded and submitted and must be date and time stamped by the Grants.gov system no later than 4:30:00 p.m., Washington, DC time, on the application deadline date. Except as otherwise noted in this section, we will not accept your application if it is received--that is, date and time stamped by the Grants.gov system--after 4:30:00 p.m., Washington, DC time, on the application deadline date. We do not consider an application that does not comply with the deadline requirements. When we retrieve your application from Grants.gov, we will notify you if we are rejecting your application because it was date and time stamped by the Grants.gov system after 4:30:00 p.m., Washington, DC time, on the application deadline date. The amount of time it can take to upload an application will vary depending on a variety of factors, including the size of the application and the speed of your Internet connection. Therefore, we strongly recommend that you do not wait until the application deadline date to begin the submission process through Grants.gov. You should review and follow the Education Submission Procedures for submitting an application through Grants.gov that are included in the application package for this program to ensure that you submit your application in a timely manner to the Grants.gov system. You can also find the Education Submission Procedures pertaining to Grants.gov under News and Events on the Department's G5 system home page at www.G5.gov. You will not receive additional point value because you submit your application in electronic format, nor will we penalize you if you qualify for an exception to the electronic submission requirement, as described elsewhere in this section, and submit your application in paper format. You must submit all documents electronically, including all information you typically provide on the following forms: the Application for Federal Assistance (SF 424), the Department of Education Supplemental Information for SF 424, Budget Information--Non- Construction Programs (ED 524), and all necessary assurances and certifications. You must upload any narrative sections and all other attachments to your application as files in a PDF (Portable Document) read-only, non-modifiable format. Do not upload an interactive or fillable PDF file. If you upload a file type other than a read-only, non-modifiable PDF or submit a password-protected file, we will not review that material. Your electronic application must comply with any page- limit requirements described in this notice. After you electronically submit your application, you will receive from Grants.gov an automatic notification of receipt that contains a Grants.gov tracking number. (This notification indicates receipt by Grants.gov only, not receipt by the Department.) The Department then will retrieve your application from Grants.gov and send a second notification to you by email. This second notification indicates that the Department has received your application and has assigned your application a PR/Award number (a Department-specified identifying number unique to your application). We may request that you provide us original signatures on forms at a later date. Application Deadline Date Extension in Case of Technical Issues with the Grants.gov System: If you are experiencing problems submitting your application through Grants.gov, please contact the Grants.gov Support Desk, toll free, at 1-800-518-4726. You must obtain a Grants.gov Support Desk Case Number and must keep a record of it. If you are prevented from electronically submitting your application on the application deadline date because of technical problems with the Grants.gov system, we will grant you an extension until 4:30:00 p.m., Washington, DC time, the following business day to enable you to transmit your application electronically or by hand delivery. You also may mail your application by following the mailing instructions described elsewhere in this notice. If you submit an application after 4:30:00 p.m., Washington, DC time, on the application deadline date, please contact the person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT in section VII of this notice and provide an explanation of the technical problem you experienced with Grants.gov, along with the Grants.gov Support Desk Case Number. We will accept your application if we can confirm that a technical problem occurred with the Grants.gov system and that that problem affected your ability to submit your application by 4:30:00 p.m., Washington, DC time, on the application deadline date. The Department will contact you after a determination is made on whether your application will be accepted. [[Page 8851]] Note: The extensions to which we refer in this section apply only to the unavailability of, or technical problems with, the Grants.gov system. We will not grant you an extension if you failed to fully register to submit your application to Grants.gov before the application deadline date and time or if the technical problem you experienced is unrelated to the Grants.gov system. Exception to Electronic Submission Requirement: You qualify for an exception to the electronic submission requirement, and may submit your application in paper format, if you are unable to submit an application through the Grants.gov system because-- You do not have access to the Internet; or You do not have the capacity to upload large documents to the Grants.gov system; and No later than two weeks before the application deadline date (14 calendar days or, if the fourteenth calendar day before the application deadline date falls on a Federal holiday, the next business day following the Federal holiday), you mail or fax a written statement to the Department, explaining which of the two grounds for an exception prevent you from using the Internet to submit your application. If you mail your written statement to the Department, it must be postmarked no later than two weeks before the application deadline date. If you fax your written statement to the Department, we must receive the faxed statement no later than two weeks before the application deadline date. Address and mail or fax your statement to: Francisco Ramirez, U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue SW., room 3E224, Washington, DC 20202-6200. Fax: (202) 260-8969. Your paper application must be submitted in accordance with the mail or hand delivery instructions described in this notice. b. Submission of Paper Applications by Mail. If you qualify for an exception to the electronic submission requirement, you may mail (through the U.S. Postal Service or a commercial carrier) your application to the Department. You must mail the original and two copies of your application, on or before the application deadline date, to the Department at the following address: U.S. Department of Education, Application Control Center, Attention: (CFDA Number 84.330B), LBJ Basement Level 1, 400 Maryland Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20202-4260. You must show proof of mailing consisting of one of the following: (1) A legibly dated U.S. Postal Service postmark. (2) A legible mail receipt with the date of mailing stamped by the U.S. Postal Service. (3) A dated shipping label, invoice, or receipt from a commercial carrier. (4) Any other proof of mailing acceptable to the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Education. If you mail your application through the U.S. Postal Service, we do not accept either of the following as proof of mailing: (1) A private metered postmark. (2) A mail receipt that is not dated by the U.S. Postal Service. If your application is postmarked after the application deadline date, we will not consider your application. Note: The U.S. Postal Service does not uniformly provide a dated postmark. Before relying on this method, you should check with your local post office. c. Submission of Paper Applications by Hand Delivery. If you qualify for an exception to the electronic submission requirement, you (or a courier service) may deliver your paper application to the Department by hand. You must deliver the original and two copies of your application by hand, on or before the application deadline date, to the Department at the following address: U.S. Department of Education, Application Control Center, Attention: (CFDA Number 84.330B), 550 12th Street, SW., Room 7041, Potomac Center Plaza, Washington, DC 20202-4260. The Application Control Center accepts hand deliveries daily between 8 a.m. and 4:30:00 p.m., Washington, DC time, except Saturdays, Sundays, and Federal holidays. Note for Mail or Hand Delivery of Paper Applications: If you mail or hand deliver your application to the Department-- (1) You must indicate on the envelope and--if not provided by the Department--in Item 11 of the SF 424 the CFDA number, including suffix letter, if any, of the competition under which you are submitting your application; and (2) The Application Control Center will mail to you a notification of receipt of your grant application. If you do not receive this notification within 15 business days from the application deadline date, you should call the U.S. Department of Education Application Control Center at (202) 245-6288. V. Application Review Information 1. Review and Selection Process: The Department intends to fund, at some level, all applications that meet the requirements for Approval of Application as described in the application package for this program and that demonstrate need for new or additional funds to pay advanced placement exam fees on behalf of low-income students for school year 2011-2012. For FY 2012, the Department expects to award $19,962,200 in new grants under this program. Based on the anticipated number of applicants and other information available to the Department, we expect this amount to be sufficient to pay up to $38 per advanced placement exam for up to three exams per student. Also, in determining whether to approve an application for a new award (including the amount of the award) from an applicant with a current grant under this program, the Department will consider the amount of any carryover funds under the existing grant and the applicant's use of funds under previous AP Test Fee grant awards. We remind potential applicants that in reviewing applications in any discretionary grant competition, the Secretary may consider, under 34 CFR 75.217(d)(3), the past performance of the applicant in carrying out a previous award, such as the applicant's use of funds, achievement of project objectives, and compliance with grant conditions. The Secretary may also consider whether the applicant failed to submit a timely performance report or submitted a report of unacceptable quality. In addition, in making a competitive grant award, the Secretary also requires various assurances including those applicable to Federal civil rights laws that prohibit discrimination in programs or activities receiving Federal financial assistance from the Department of Education (34 CFR 100.4, 104.5, 106.4, 108.8, and 110.23). 2. Special Conditions: Under 34 CFR 74.14 and 80.12, the Secretary may impose special conditions on a grant if the applicant or grantee is not financially stable; has a history of unsatisfactory performance; has a financial or other management system that does not meet the standards in 34 CFR parts 74 or 80, as applicable; has not fulfilled the conditions of a prior grant; or is otherwise not responsible. VI. Award Administration Information 1. Award Notices: If your application is successful, we notify your U.S. Representative and U.S. Senators and send you a Grant Award Notification (GAN). We may notify you informally, also. If your application is not evaluated or not selected for funding, we notify you. 2. Administrative and National Policy Requirements: We identify [[Page 8852]] administrative and national policy requirements in the application package and reference these and other requirements in the Applicable Regulations section of this notice. We reference the regulations outlining the terms and conditions of an award in the Applicable Regulations section of this notice and include these and other specific conditions in the GAN. The GAN also incorporates your approved application as part of your binding commitments under the grant. 3. Reporting: (a) If you apply for a grant under this competition, you must ensure that you have in place the necessary processes and systems to comply with the reporting requirements in 2 CFR part 170 and section 1704(f) of the ESEA should you receive funding under the competition. The reporting requirements in 2 CFR part 170 do not apply if you have an exception under 2 CFR 170.110(b). (b) At the end of your project period, you must submit a final performance report, including financial information, as directed by the Secretary. The Secretary may also require more frequent performance reports under 34 CFR 75.720(c). For specific requirements on reporting, please go to www.ed.gov/fund/grant/apply/appforms/appforms.html. 4. Performance Measures: Under the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA), the Department has developed five performance measures to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the AP Test Fee program: (1) The number of advanced placement tests taken by low-income public school students nationally; (2) The number of advanced placement tests taken by minority (Hispanic, Black, Native American) public school students nationally; (3) The percentage of advanced placement tests passed (for AP exams, scores of 3-5) by low- income public school students nationally; (4) The number of advanced placement tests passed (for AP exams, scores of 3-5) by low-income public school students nationally; and (5) The cost per passage of an advanced placement test taken by a low-income public school student. The information provided by grantees in their final performance reports will be one of the sources of data for the measures. Other sources of data include the College Board, IB Americas, and University of Cambridge International Examinations. VII. Agency Contact FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Francisco Ramirez, U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue SW., room 3E224, Washington, DC 20202- 6200. Telephone: (202) 260-1541 or by email: [email protected]. If you use a TDD or a TTY, call the FRS, toll free, at 1-800-877- 8339. VIII. Other Information Accessible Format: Individuals with disabilities can obtain this document and a copy of the application package in an accessible format (e.g., braille, large print, audiotape, or compact disc) on request to the program contact person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT in section VII of this notice. Electronic Access to This Document: The official version of this document is the document published in the Federal Register. Free Internet access to the official edition of the Federal Register and the Code of Federal Regulations is available via the Federal Digital System at: www.gpo.gov/fdsys. At this site you can view this document, as well as all other documents of this Department published in the Federal Register, in text or Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF). To use PDF you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available free at the site. You may also access documents of the Department published in the Federal Register by using the article search feature at: www.federalregister.gov. Specifically, through the advanced search feature at this site, you can limit your search to documents published by the Department. Dated: February 10, 2012. Michael Yudin, Acting Assistant Secretary for Elementary and Secondary Education. [FR Doc. 2012-3560 Filed 2-14-12; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4000-01-P


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5 results - showing 1 - 5
What the Health? Hot
Health Topics
Social Issues
What the Health is the groundbreaking follow-up film from the creators of the award winning documentary Cowspiracy. The film follows intrepid filmmaker Kip Andersen as he uncovers the secret to preventing and...
Island Earth Hot
A rich and complex tale of a young indigenous scientist's journey through the corn fields of GMO companies and poi patches of traditional Hawaiian elders reveals modern truths and ancient values that...
Seeds of Time Hot
A perfect storm is brewing as agriculture pioneer Cary Fowler races against time to protect the future of our food. Seed banks around the world are crumbling, crop failures are producing starvation...
GMO OMG Hot
THE GMO FILM PROJECT tells the story of a father's discovery of GMOs through the symbolic act of poor Haitian farmers burning seeds in defiance of Monsanto's gift of 475 tons of hybrid...
Are you and your family on the wrong side of a bet? When the US government ignored repeated warnings by its own scientists and allowed untested genetically modified (GM) crops into our environment...
5 results - showing 1 - 5

subset: commoncrawl


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Apr 05, 2007 | ISBN 9780142408810 | Middle Grade (8-12)
Jan 06, 2004 | ISBN 9780425193792 | Middle Grade (8-12)
Mar 27, 2007 | ISBN 9780739356548 | Middle Grade (8-12)
153 Minutes
Apr 12, 2005 | ISBN 9781400099184 | Middle Grade (8-12)
150 Minutes
Praise for Judy Blume and the Fudge books:
"Each [Fudge book] is packed with wacky earthy disasters that are her trademark and that children love to read about . . . Judy Blume has a knack for knowing what children think about and an honest, highly amusing way of writing about it." —The New York Times
"It's a pleasure to watch a talented author like Judy Blume consistently create books that reflect a
remarkable ability for combining humor with perceptive insight into a child's world." —Publishers Weekly
"Blume has her eye on the fine details of life, whether funny or frustrating." —Booklist
"For anyone who has ever been 'burdened' by a pesky younger brother, there's fast and funny
reading in this story." —Children's Digest on Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing
"As usual, Blume's humor and pitch-perfect ear for sibling rivalry and family dynamics will have readers giggling with recognition. Newcomers and Fudge fans alike will savor this installment in the well-loved series." —Booklist on Double Fudge
"Fudge-a-Mania infects kids with giggles." —BookPage on Fudge-a-Mania


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CHICAGO — Guns and marijuana don't mix, according to federal authorities, even if the gun is a legally held firearm and the drug is recommended by a doctor.
That interpretation of federal law is turning up in Illinois' draft medical marijuana regulations to the frustration of patients and caregivers.
As the state launches its first medical cannabis program, firearms ownership is overshadowing other issues such as the $150 proposed annual fee for patients and how new medical conditions would be added to an approved-for-use list.
"People aren't yelling at me about the $150. They're yelling at me about this issue," said Chris Lindsey, legislative analyst for the Marijuana Policy Project, a national group that supports legally regulated marijuana.
Lindsey said he believes it's the first time a state agency anywhere in the country "has pointed to a state law and decided that patients may not be able to possess a firearm." And Karmen Hanson, medical marijuana policy expert for the National Conference of State Legislatures, said she's not aware of any state laws that address firearms ownership among medical marijuana patients or their caregivers.
Some Illinois patients will continue to use marijuana illegally rather than give up their guns, said Julie Falco of Chicago, who speaks openly about how she has used cannabis to control her pain from multiple sclerosis.
Brian Hilton of Arlington Heights is one of them. He's a gun owner who wants to use marijuana legally to control pain from a spinal cord injury, but he's reconsidering applying for a medical marijuana card.
"I would be forced to surrender my gun rights, and that would put my family at great risk," said Hilton, who makes a living repairing musical instruments. "I would rather keep my weapons and stay underground."
The dispute centers on 93 words out of 48 pages of rules proposed by the Illinois Department of Public Health. The wording, in effect, advises gun owners they'll be in violation of state and federal law if they're approved for a medical marijuana card and don't give up their firearms. It says gun owners who obtain medical marijuana cards "may be subject to administrative proceedings by the Illinois State Police if they do not voluntarily surrender" their firearms owners ID cards or concealed carry permits.
Caregivers, too, who apply for medical marijuana cards would be required to certify they understand they "may not possess firearms under relevant state and federal laws." It's still unclear how any of this would be enforced.
Sandy Champion of Somonauk owns guns and plans to apply for a caregiver card so she can legally obtain marijuana for her husband, Jim, who has multiple sclerosis. She has no plans to use the drug herself.
"I'm not giving anything up until I'm told I have to," Sandy Champion said. "But if I have to choose between owning a gun and giving Jim his medicine, I'm going to choose giving him his medicine."
The Illinois Department of Public Health referred questions about the issue to the Illinois State Police.
Monique Bond, a state police spokeswoman, cited the federal Gun Control Act and the state's Firearm Owners Identification Card Act as the legal basis for the wording in the draft rules.
"We are bound by federal law," Bond said in an email, adding that the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives interprets marijuana use to include possession and argues that "this means all persons (patients and caregivers) are prohibited" from gun ownership.
ATF spokesman Thomas Ahern confirmed that is the current interpretation. He said federal law allows no exceptions, even if medical use is sanctioned by state law, which ATF spelled out to firearms dealers in a 2011 open letter.
Lawyers drafting the current regulations "believe that federal law requires them to write the rule this way," said state Rep. Lou Lang, a sponsor of the medical cannabis legislation who also sits on the committee that will vote on the rules. But he called the deference to federal guidance shortsighted.
"If we were worried about federal guidelines, we wouldn't have medical marijuana at all," Lang said, adding he'll work to get the provision removed.
In Oregon, the issue landed in the courts when sheriffs in two counties withheld concealed handgun licenses from medical marijuana users. The Oregon Supreme Court ordered the sheriffs to allow the gun licenses. The U.S. Supreme Court declined to hear an appeal, a decision hailed as a victory for gun owners and medical marijuana users.
Gun rights groups in Illinois aren't saying much.
"We don't have a position on it," said Todd Vandermyde of the National Rifle Association.
The Illinois State Rifle Association is looking into the issue, said executive director Richard Pearson. "I think it will be a few years before this gets worked out," Pearson said.
Illinois' medical cannabis program was established by the Legislature as a four-year experiment and has been called one of the strictest programs in the nation. Manteno resident Mike Graham, a longtime supporter of the legislation, said he's worried the firearms restriction will hurt the program's viability by discouraging patients from applying for marijuana cards.
"They're allowing law enforcement to dictate a medical program," Graham said of state health officials.
The health department is asking for public comments on the draft rules by Friday. Rules for dispensaries and cultivation centers still are being drafted by other Illinois agencies.
Associated Press medical writer Carla K. Johnson can be reached at http://www.twitter.com/CarlaKJohnson


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Russian player Drozdov ate the ice during their 7-6 win over the Swiss team today. Though Russia is 1-4 in Curling games so far, maybe this is the kind of rude awakening they need to continue on.
Also, if anybody knows what it actually means to win or score points in curling, let us know in the comments.
- Reposted by


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Would you ever read a 906-page law? You'd be hard pressed to find anyone who would—but actor Jake McClain is, and he's taking it to another level. On Friday, McClain began tweeting through every single word of the 906-page Obamacare law, which he opposes.
McClain is using tweetpower to send an effective message.
"Folks … this will probably take a long time to do, but I decided I will read every page, word by word, of Obamacare, and tweet every word," he tweeted last week.
The lengthy process of tweeting is six days in and McClain has currently tweeted through 27 pages of the document.
Thanks to his clever antics, he's earned lots of press attention and today appeared on Mike Huckabee's radio show. He's encouraging others to join in the tweeting by using the hashtag #tweetobamacare. McClain has started using #tco at the beginning of each Obamacare tweet as well.
The process is particularly poignant since former House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) famously said, "We have to pass the bill so we can find out what is in it."
Hidden within these pages are mounds of bureaucracy and new taxes that are destroying jobs and the economy.
McClain, who also contributes to Breitbart.com, doesn't anticipate finishing the daunting task anytime soon. He tweeted that he may get it done by October at a rate of four pages per day.
You can keep up with Jake's tweeting by following him @JakeMcClain.


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Welcome to the forum, ncs.
I know this is not going to be exactly the answer you wanted, but it will have to suffice until others chip in.
It is a fact (I pass no judgement on this) that few reputable schools will employ beginning teachers with a purely online certificate. Most reputable schools insist on beginning teachers holding a certificate that has involved about 100 hours or more of instruction (this may be online) and at least six hours of observed teaching.
Some schools do not insist on the Trinity Cert TESOL or the Cambridge CELTA, both of which can be obtained partly through online instruction, and both of which are recognised by the British Council, but few will accept online courses with no observed teaching practice.
I know from personal experience as a trainer that some of the 100+ hours (instruction) plus 6+ hours (observed TP) are as sound as the Trinity and Cambridge courses. There are sometimes only two significant differences between them:
1. The Cambridge and Trinity validated courses are moderated by highly respected institutions. You can be 97+% sure that the particular institution whose course you are taking is sound. Other institutions claim to be validated by various self-appointed validating institutions unrecognised by any government-approved body. You may get a good course, but you may not.
2. The Cambridge and Trinity certificates are recognised and accepted by many schools and governments throughout the world. Others, even though their courses may be just as good, are not.
You'll also find that most institutions offering 100+- and 6+- hour courses are not significantly cheaper than Cambridge and Trinity courses. If some are, you have to ask yourself why. Apart from anything else, are they paying their trainers low salaries? If so, why?
As for the purely online courses with no observed teaching practice, their certificates are not worth the cost of the paper they are printed on. When I last searched, I found a couple of places offering online courses lasting only a weekend leading to an 'internationally recognised' certificate for under $200. Do you really want to work for schools (if they exist) who would employ somebody as a trained teacher on such a non-qualification?


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Item #7322
66 Days. Some say pole beans have better flavor than bush beans. Blue Lake would support that suggestion. Outstanding flavor combined with high yields make growing these vigorous 5'-6' vines worth the time. Excellent canned, frozen, or eaten fresh. White seeded, mosaic resistant.
This packet sows up to 96 ft. or 24, 4' diameter teepees. See inside for instructions on how to build a bean teepee
Seedling Image
Days to Emerge:
Seed Depth:
Seed Spacing:
Row Spacing:
When to sow outside: RECOMMENDED. 1 to 2 weeks after average last frost, and when soil temperature is 70°?85°F. NOTE: In very hot summer areas, sow as recommended above but skip the heat of summer, as daytime temperatures consistently above 90°F will cause bean flowers to drop off (no bean formation).
When to start inside: Not recommended; does not transplant well.
Harvesting Snap beans are ready to pick when the pod "snaps" or breaks in half cleanly. This is when seeds have just begun to form and the pods are several inches long (depending on the variety). Hold stem with one hand and the pod with the other hand to avoid pulling off branches, which will continue to produce. Harvesting early and often will stimulate flower production for more beans. At season's end, plants are great compost material if they are disease-free.
Artist: Donna Clement
Item #7322
60.00 grams


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PEO look-up
PEO look-up
Search for a PEO registered in Ohio.
The PEO look-up allows potential client employers to search for a professional employer organization (PEO) by the following criteria:
- Policy number.
- PEO name.
- Federal Tax ID or Social Security number.
- All PEOs that BWC recognizes.
BWC only recognizes PEOs who are in compliance with Ohio requirements and are registered with BWC.
The PEO look-up also lets users verify:
- Registration and certification status.
- Demographic information.
- Whether the PEO is:
- Certified by the Employer Services Assurance Corporation (ESAC).
- A member of the National Association of Professional Employer Organizations (NAPEO).
- Certified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).
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text:
HEMPSTEAD, N.Y. – Despite four goals from freshman Joe Seider, Towson Lacrosse had its six-game win streak snapped with a 9-7 loss at Hofstra Saturday evening at Shuart Stadium.
It was a tightly contested matchup until Hofstra was able to hold the Tigers scoreless for nearly 17 minutes between the third and fourth quarters. Towson was able to get to within one, 8-7, at 7:08 in the fourth, but Hofstra scored on a rebound to seal the win.
In addition to Seider's four goals, senior Thomas DeNapoli added three points (1g, 2a). Torin Varn, Sam Llinares and Korey Hendrickson each had two goals for the Pride.
Anthony Zappone struck first for the Pride, just 2:34 into the game when Hofstra capitalized on a caused turnover and scored on a fast break. DeNapoli had a hand in Towson's first two goals, scoring the early equalizer at 10:15 and assisting Seider's tally at 7:01 first quarter that put the Tigers in front, 2-1.
However, Hofstra standouts Llinares (2g) and Drew Coholan strung together three goals to put the Pride back ahead, 4-1. Greg Cuccinello struck at 7:51 for Towson, from his favorite spot 15 yards out. Seider and DeNapoli teamed up again with 2:07 left in the half to help the Tigers go into the break tied with Hofstra, 4-4.
Towson and the Pride traded goals to start the second half. After Seider's second goal at 11:21 in the third quarter. Hendrickson and Varn each tallied a goal to put Hofstra up, 7-5, at the start of the fourth quarter. Seider scored his fourth of the game – an EMO tally off an assist from Justin Mabus – with 9:26 left in the game, as the Tigers trailed the Pride, 8-6.
Senior Max Siskind scored from close range at 7:08 fourth quarter to inch the Tigers to within one, 8-7. However, Varn picked up a rebounded save and whipped it past sophomore Tyler White to score his second tally of the game and give Hofstra its final lead.
The Tigers stalk up to No. 14 UMass on Saturday, April 5 at 1 p.m.
COLLEGE MEN'S LACROSSE: Towson 7, Hofstra 9
Towson (7-3, 1-1 CAA) 2-2-1-2/7
Hofstra (6-3, 3-0 CAA) 2-2-3-2/9
GOALS: TOW – Seider 4, DeNapoli, Cuccinello, Siskind; HOF – Varn 2, Llinares 2, Hendrickson 2, Coholan, Yapor, Zappone. ASSISTS: TOW – DeNapoli 2, Cuccinello, Drenner, Mabus; HOF – Llinares, Sullivan, Varn.SAVES: TOW – White (7, 60:00, 9 GA); HOF – Selva (3, 60:00, 7 GA). SHOTS: TOW – 24; HOF – 29. GBs:TOW – 32; HOF – 37. FACE-OFFS: TOW – 6-19; HOF – 13-19. EMO: TOW – 1-2; HOF – 0-3. ATT: 1108.


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And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name.
– Revelations chapter 13, verse 17
I don't think that any other section of the Bible has been speculated more upon, than the one from where the verse above is taken. Who IS the Beast? What IS his NAME? What does 666 translate to?
Well, I really don't care.
To me it makes no difference what or who Mr. Antichrist 666 is. When he/she/it shows up at my door – he/she/it will get fucked up the ass – same like anyone else that tries to mess with me. But, what I do want to point out is that – for some incredibly stupid reason – human beings seemed to have GIVEN AWAY the God-given right – to create their OWN medium of exchange.
Why we would ever want a Global Body – with the right to issue a Global Currency – is well beyond me. And that's because a Global Currency ALREADY exists. It has for centuries. It's called Gold. (And by association, Silver.)
The way I see this going down is like this.
1. A Global Economic Crisis comes about – currencies collapse and world trade suddenly grinds to a halt.
2. People demand an alternate currency – one free from all the muddle that the current US backed system has.
3. A gold (and/or silver) currency comes about.
4. Then slowly unbacked paper gold and silver make their way into the system.
5. Gradually, the REAL physical metal vanishes out from the world financial universe.
6. Physical metals are dropped from the World Currency.
7. ONLY certain people (the richest) are allowed to use Gold and Silver as currency. The slaves must now ONLY trade with each other – and trade must be REGULATED.
Enter the Mark of the Beast…. (i.e. RFID chips)
Of course, all of this has ALREADY HAPPENED!
(Yes, even the RFID part but a tiny number idiots thought it was a GOOD idea, thankfully.)
That's the American story in a nutshell. That is how the banking cartel removed nearly ALL the gold and silver from the pockets of the average working American – in the course of just a few lifetimes. And they can happily use the same model again, since no one seems to be paying any attention to the fact that they are essentially… using Beast Money!
I don't believe in prophecy – or, for that matter prophets.
But I do believe that there is a small number of people who believe that they were born to Rule the Earth. And these people have a plan.
If you want to know what that plan looks like, listen to Lindsey Williams. He's got the inside scoop. Everything that I've said above – is pure conjecture, based of past historical evidence…
No one can REALLY predict the future.
But you sure as hell can PLAN it.


text:
Address Withheld By Seller
Beautiful partially wooded lot in prestigious Rocky Mountain Estates. All underground utilities, electric, gas, water & sewer. No HOA fees!
More info about this property
Send me information
No spam. Ever.
Coldwell Banker West Shell
Vernon Smith
Vernon Smith
Office: 513-922-9400
Phone: 513-460-3513
Phone: 513-460-3513
The data relating to the real estate for sale on this web site comes in part from the Broker Reciprocity program of the Southeast Indiana Board of REALTORS®. Real estate listings held by brokerage firms other than Comey & Shepherd Realtors are marked with the Broker Reciprocity logo or Broker Reciprocity house icon. The properties displayed may not be all the properties available through Broker Reciprocity.


text:
Worms: Battlegrounds Trailer: Wiggling Onto PS4 and Xbox One
The award-winning series that has been around since 1995 is finally making its next-gen debut with Worms: Battlegrounds.
Team17 Software has just announced the launch date for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One versions of Worms: Battlegrounds. This new Worms title features 25 single-player story missions, 10 time attack missions and online multiplayer deathmatches supporting up to 4 players. Battlegrounds will run at 60 fps with a 1080p display. There are over 65 weapons with 10 of them being completely new to the Worms series, such as the Gravedigger, Winged Monkey, Bovine Blitz and Teleport Gun.
Worms Battlegrounds will be available in both physical and digital forms on May 30. Since its Xbox One release is being released under the ID@Xbox program, Worms Battlegrounds will be available digitally for Xbox One first on May 30. The PlayStation 4 digital version of Battlegrounds can be downloaded starting on June 3.


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The dramas "Precious" and "The Hurt Locker," the comedies "Up in the Air" and "The Hangover" and the animated tales "Up" and "Coraline" are among the top-10 movies of the year chosen by the American Film Institute.
Also on the AFI's list are the dramas "The Messenger," ''A Serious Man," ''A Single Man" and "Sugar."
Unlike other film honors, the institute does not rank films or pick one as the year's best. The filmmakers behind the top-10 choices will be honored at a luncheon Jan. 15.
The AFI also picked its top-10 TV programs of the year: "The Big Bang Theory," ''Big Love," ''Friday Night Lights," ''Glee," ''Mad Men," ''Modern Family," ''The No. 1 Ladies Detective Agency," ''Nurse Jackie," ''Party Down" and "True Blood."
Related Content from AccessHollywood.com:
VIEW THE PHOTOS: Access' Top 10 Most Anticipated Movies Of 2010
MORE ACCESS ON THESE TOPICS: Movies - Modern Family - TV - Glee - Up In The Air


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The idea of "East and West" originated in the (nowadays) Middle East during "Trojan" times. The meaning of "East and West" changed since then but the "Western" governments (and by default, Eastern countries) are still holding on to this idea. Why is that?
Edit: As I mentioned this idea originated in the "Middle East". The "West" was pretty much Greece those days and the "East" was nowadays "Turkey". This idea has evolved during the passage of time, expanding and shrinking geographically. The world is moving towards a global economy, shredding the idea of "East and West", but politically, we still see the divide. My question is why can't the world move away from the "East and West" politically? (I suspect the answer lies in history.)


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Kajeet – Cool for School, says the New York Post!
September 4, 2012
The New York Post named kajeet one of the hottest gadgets for this upcoming school season. "Angry birds without the angry parents," the article said, referencing kajeet's free parental controls and affordable pricing.
Click here to read more!


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Re: Multiple Line coloring and Dashing in ListPlot
- To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
- Subject: [mg131430] Re: Multiple Line coloring and Dashing in ListPlot
- From: Alexei Boulbitch <Alexei.Boulbitch at iee.lu>
- Date: Fri, 5 Jul 2013 06:02:06 -0400 (EDT)
- Delivered-to: email@example.com
- Delivered-to: email@example.com
- Delivered-to: firstname.lastname@example.com
- Delivered-to: email@example.com
Dear Mathematica Users, I have a question about the coloring and dashing lines in listplot. For example, Let's say there is a multiple data set like data = Table[RandomReal[{2 i, 2 i + 1}, {20}], {i, 9}]; I want to plot them in listplot or listloglogplot with all different color and all different dashing with (joined -> True). How can I do it automatically or minimum option? The default number of coloring in mathematica (I am in still 8) is 4. after that, it repeat same color. please help me! Thanks! There are several such possibilities to make different colors. The most straightforward is as follows: data = Table[RandomReal[{2 i, 2 i + 1}, {20}], {i, 9}]; ListPlot[data, Joined -> True, PlotStyle -> Table[Hue[i/9], {i, 1, 9}]] Try it. You may use the RGBColor as well: ListPlot[data, Joined -> True, PlotStyle -> Table[RGBColor[i/9, 0, 1 - i/9] , {i, 1, 9}]] try various combinations of colour variation: RGBColor[i/9, 0, 1], RGBColor[0, 0, 1 - i/9], RGBColor[0, i/9, 1 - i/9] and so on. Try it. You may as well use a ColorData: ListPlot[data, Joined -> True, PlotStyle -> Table[ColorData[3, "ColorList"][i/9], {i, 1, 9}]] and look, e.g. into ColorData with different numbers. However, if it is something I really care how it looks like, I do it "by hand": ListPlot[data, Joined -> True, PlotStyle -> {Red, Blue, Green, Brown, Pink,Cyan, Magenta, Gray, Orange}] You have also possibility of using Darker[ ] function: ListPlot[data, Joined -> True, PlotStyle -> {Red, Darker[Red, 0.5], Blue, Darker[Blue, 0.5], Green, Darker[Green, 0.5], Pink, Darker[Pink, 0.5], Cyan}] Try it. Have fun. Alexei Alexei BOULBITCH, Dr., habil. IEE S.A. ZAE Weiergewan, 11, rue Edmond Reuter, L-5326 Contern, LUXEMBOURG Office phone : +352-2454-2566 Office fax: +352-2454-3566 mobile phone: +49 151 52 40 66 44 e-mail: alexei.boulbitch at iee.lu


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Orangetheory Fitness - Franchise
Quick Franchise Summary
At Orangetheory Fitness, we set both our members and franchise partners up for success. Our science-based workout is PROVEN to produce results, and our tried-and-true development track record is evidence of an effective franchise formula. Learn more about the costs, benefits, and available locations today!
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Steve Katz, Editor10.14.13
MEI Labels
19014 E Admiral Place, Catoosa, OK, USA 74015
918-258-8321 • www.meilabels.com
MEI Labels is embarking on its next chapter, with new leadership, equipment, an acquisition, and a growth strategy that reflects the latest trends and shifts within the industry.
Tom Martin founded MEI Labels in 1996, in Catoosa, OK, USA, just outside of Tulsa. He had been in the label business for many years, and along with four partners, decided to start out on his own. With a focus on customer service and quick turnaround time, Martin grew the business from a fledgling one-press operation to a sizable prime label company, serving mainly food and food-related markets.
As MEI Labels grew, it maintained a family-type atmosphere, something Martin took great pride in. In 2012, after having grown his business and enjoyed its success, Martin was looking to step aside and sell the company. However, finding a buyer that would grow MEI Labels was important to him.
Enter Lynn Higgs, a native Texan and label industry veteran – he worked for Nashua Corporation (which was acquired by Cenveo) for 23 years. In late 2012, Higgs, along with a group of investors, formed MEI Labels Holdings LLC, and purchased MEI Labels from Martin. As president and CEO, Higgs is leading the company into the future, as well as a new direction, while keeping in tact the core values established by its original founder.
"Since buying the company, we have kept virtually all of the employees, as well as hired staff for newly created positions. It continues to feel like a family atmosphere for a good-sized company, and its been a thrill to be a part of it," Higgs says.
While new to MEI Labels, Higgs has wasted no time in forging a new path for the company's future. In June 2013, MEI acquired Dallas-based TVC Label, a company whose strengths complement those of MEI. With the acquisition, the new combined company is comprised of 150 employees – around 100 in Tulsa and another 50 in Dallas. Gary Dunlap, who sold TVC, will stay on to run that side of the business, and he's also an investor with the new MEI ownership.
MEI Labels is a flexo house, specializing in longer runs. At the 64,000 square foot manufacturing space in Oklahoma, there are 13 water-based flexo presses, with the company leaning heavily on Nilpeter's FB line technology. "The workhorses we use are Nilpeter FB 3300 servo presses, and we have five of them," Higgs says. In addition, MEI uses two Mark Andy machines – a 2200 and a 4120, and also five Webtrons.
Higgs points out that food is still the main market for the Tulsa operation. He says, "While food is still big, we're also now strong in retail, consumer products, nutraceuticals, and what we call Auto ID, which is our line of warehouse labels. We mostly run prime label jobs, but we also do direct thermal and thermal transfer for manufacturing and distribution. The grocery market is also big for us, printing prime labels that end up on bakery, deli or produce items," explains Higgs.
Meanwhile, in Dallas, it's a much different type of operation at TVC Label. There, they have complete shrink sleeve capability and also digital printing with an HP Indigo WS6600, which was HP's first installation in Texas. For flexo printing, they use four Nilpeter presses with up to ten colors, using plates made in-house with the latest digital computer-to-plate technology.
Employing different technologies and servicing different markets, TVC made for an ideal fit as a company to acquire. "When we bought TVC, there was zero overlap among our customers. While it's a focus at MEI in Oklahoma, in Dallas, we are very consumer products driven, and that's where the shrink sleeves come in. With the technology we have there, we're making some real high-end products," Higgs says.
MEI has just completed the purchase of a new 8-color Nilpeter press to be installed at the Dallas site, to give the company more capacity for its shrink sleeve printing. The acquisition and the new printing press are strategic parts of MEI's growth plan. "I see the label and packaging worlds coming together quickly. With press manufacturers continuing to launch wider footprint presses, this is where the industry is headed, and it's where we're headed. In Dallas, we're focusing on shrink sleeves and flexible packaging products like film pouches. And in the next few years we'll be looking at acquisitions and additional equipment to get us more immersed in the packaging world," says Higgs.
With the acquisition of TVC, MEI Labels has totally expanded its offerings. For the time being, each company will maintain its own brand and sales force, marketing labels, for the most part, to end users, who make up the company's largest customers.
"Our goal is to cross sell," explains Higgs. "If I'm an MEI guy, now I'm selling shrink sleeves and the highest quality prime labels. If I'm a TVC guy, I'm now also selling longer runs, and can focus on large food label jobs."
Both operations are regional in scope, with its 13 salespeople mostly servicing customers in Oklahoma, Texas, Arkansas, Missouri and Louisiana. Sales have grown year over year, despite fluctuations in the economy, which Higgs attributes to geography, the reliable food market, and a highly diverse customer base. "We deal with everyone from Fortune 10 companies to small family-run businesses," he says.
Diversification is the key to MEI Label's future, and the TVC acquisition is a precursor for things to come. "The synergy between the companies is unbelievable. We're going to use TVC's digital press for short runs, and especially their capability for shrink labels and film pouches. We were not looking for an acquisition this quickly, but when this one came along, it was just a perfect fit. With shrink labels being our fastest growing market, our plan is to go wide and open the door to more packaging opportunities. The lines are getting blurred between the two industries," adds Higgs. "In the old days, you were either a label or a packaging company, and now you can be both."


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[Popular Goods]
Cevian weave,
expressing the subtle and profound of the hand weaving and Japanese paper, handed down in the countryside of Ayabe, Tanba county, Kyoto from the ancient times, was done with beauty of the stream of the Mother Yurakawa river reflected on cloth at the hermitage next to a tearoom.
Keiji Umehara¡Ê92¡Ë, the master of the hermitage, developed Cevian weaving in 1976, interwoven by his own technique with a clue provided when he saw the archives at Ankoku£êi temple linked with Ashikaga Takauji. The characteristic of the material is that Japanese paper is interwoven with weft yarn by the skills of his own, which is endurable and hardly ripped, when wet in water.
We played a role of attire producing for Nomura Manojo, Kyogen player as human national treasure, and have used for politicians and entertainers who actively participate in every sector of society. It is not only Japanese classic but international to which it sticks, and the brand launched by production technique of weaving cultivated for more than 30 years since the company's establishment.
Adhering to hand making by well-trained crafters through the whole process, we produce in a beautiful fashion balance between warp threads and Japanese paper, with a stream of river reflected on cloth interwoven on our own. Unevenness of the cloth and streams of the threads represent Stream of the Yura River.


text:
MDF Stethoscope
Looking for a new stethoscope? Choose MDF Instruments, a trusted medical manufacturer bringing unparalleled design, passion and service to the medical community over the last 40 years. As one of medicine's most important tools, a stethoscope of excellent quality and craftsmanship is an absolute must. Choose between single or dual-head construction with top of the line acoustic clarity and feedback. Make sure to take advantage of our custom engraving options at checkout!
- Limited Edition 777 MD One StethoscopesUnisex Accessories$99.99ITEM #99777


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The Amazon
Though the classic image of Bolivia seems forever tied to parched badlands, about a third of the country lies within the vast and often impenetrable wilderness of the Amazon basin, the same mind-bending expanse of swamp, savannah and tropical rainforest that first set Colonel Fawcett on his fatal quest to find El Dorado. Though deforestation has accelerated to a worrying degree in recent decades, it remains one of the most biodiverse regions in the world, with large areas virtually unexplored. Here, jaguars, tapirs and giant anteaters roam beneath the towering forest canopy; monstrous anacondas slither through the swamps; and the skies are filled by a kaleidoscopic variety of birds.
Often known as the Beni, after one of the rivers that are its dominant geographical feature, the Bolivian Amazon lies more than a thousand kilometres from the mighty Río Amazon as itself and contrary to what you might expect, not all of the region is covered by rainforest. Though the last foothills of the Andes are fringed with dense and humid premontane forest, the great watery plains that open up beyond are partially covered by a seemingly endless sea of savannah, dotted with islands of forest. Known as the Llanos de Moxos, these plains are flooded each year when the mighty rivers that meander slowly across them – the Beni, Mamoré, Guaporé and their tributaries – are swollen by innumerable Andean streams. Unsurprisingly, then, this entire region (similar in size to the whole of Great Britain) remains sparsely populated, apart from the great herds of semi-wild cattle that were first introduced by the Jesuit missionaries in the sixteenth century.
Sweltering quietly on the eastern edge of this area is Trinidad, the capital of the Beni and a bustling frontier outpost with few obvious attractions; for the adventurous, however, it's the starting point for slow boat journeys down the Río Mamoré to the Brazilian border. Of far more interest to most travellers is the ecotourist epicentre of Rurrenabaque, on the banks of the Río Beni. Given its proximity to the stunningly pristine forests of Parque Nacional Madidi, together with its commitment to sustainable. community-focused tourism, it's an obvious destination for anyone wanting to experience the Amazon's flora, fauna and indigenous peoples up close.
Further north, around the towns of Riberalta and Cobija towards the Brazilian border, the savannah gradually gives way to the high-canopied Amazonian rainforest (known as selva) more characteristic of the Amazon region as a whole, and the department of Pando, where logging and the collection of wild rubber and Brazil nuts are the only industries of any size. Roads in the whole region are poor in the best of conditions and in the rainy season between November and April are often completely impassable.
Brief history
Recent archeological evidence, suggests that the pre-Columbian Bolivian Amazon supported a populous and sophisticated society of between five and six million people, 95% of whom were decimated through the sixteenth century by smallpox and flu introduced by Europeans.
The Jesuit missions
Failing to find the fabled El Dorado, the Spanish turned the region over to the religious orders, above all the Jesuits, in the hope that they might have more success in subjugating the forest tribes and securing the northeastern border with Brazil. In the late seventeenth century a handful of Jesuit missionaries did just that, accomplishing in 25 years what the civil and military authorities had been unable to do in over a century. In a precursor of the theocratic society they were later to establish in Chiquitos, the Jesuits founded a series of mission communities where the various indigenous tribes adopted Christianity and a settled, agricultural existence, raising cattle and growing crops. These missions flourished, and by the mid-eighteenth century were home to over 31,000 converts, supervised by just 45 European priests. But with the expulsion of the Jesuits from the Spanish Empire in 1767, the mission inhabitants were left at the mercy of Spanish landowners, with many being forced into slavery.
The rubber boom
Worse was to come in the nineteenth century as a result of the growing international demand for rubber, a material derived from trees which were particularly abundant in the Bolivian Amazon. An unprecedented economic boom ensued, and the industry was quickly dominated by a small group of ruthless rubber barons who made overnight fortunes and subjected the indigenous population to a brutal regime of forced labour. The most famous of these was Nicolás Suaréz, who ruled over a vast rainforest empire and remains a legendary figure in the Beni.
The richest rubber-producing area, the Acre, was largely settled by rubber collectors from Brazil. When the Bolivian government sought to tax rubber exports, these Brazilians rebelled and declared independence. A short conflict – the Acre War – ensued, ending with Bolivian defeat, and in 1903 the Acre was annexed by Brazil. In the early twentieth century, the rubber boom collapsed after the English smuggled rubber seedlings out of the Amazon and established plantations in Asia, rendering wild rubber collection uncompetitive.
The twentieth century
By the middle of the twentieth century the economy began to recover as large landowners began exporting cattle, transporting them by river to the growing markets in Brazil and in military surplus aircraft to the Altiplano. Some landowners also made great fortunes during the cocaine boom of the 1980s and 1990s. Strategically positioned between the coca-growing Chapare and the markets to the north, the isolated ranches of the Beni provided the perfect location for clandestine drug laboratories, and their private airstrips were ideal bases for the light aircraft that used to smuggle the cocaine north, leapfrogging through the Amazon to Colombia.
Into the twenty first century
With ongoing road construction having opened up the Amazon's natural resources for exploitation to an unprecedented degree, and with attendant settlement from the highlands continuing apace, the consequences for the environment have become ever more obvious over the last decade or so: during the record-breaking drought of 2005, slash and burn fires flared out of control, with the resultant incineration of around five thousand square kilometres. The floods of 2011, meanwhile, were the worst for decades. A government schedule of new dams, roads and oil exploration, moreover, presents ever more challenges both for the environment and for an indigenous population already part of an ongoing struggle between conservationists, coca-growers, settlers and loggers.
The Amazon
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In this tutorial you will learn how to create realistic vector fire, using the Gradient Mesh Tool and Screen Blending mode. Believe me, there's nothing overly complicated. Let's strike a match!
Every few weeks, we revisit some of our reader's favorite posts from throughout the history of the site. This tutorial was first published in April of 2011.
Step 1
We will be working in RGB color model, if you do not have it installed, go to File > Document Color Mode > RGB Color. Let's begin our tutorial by creating a background. Take the Rectangle Tool (M) and create a rectangle filled with a black color.
Step 2
Proceed to the creation of a match. Take the Rectangle Tool (M) and create a rectangle in the shape of a matchstick. Now fill it with a linear gradient of various shades of brown to convey the light distribution at the edges of the match.
Copy this rectangle and paste it in front (Command + C; Command + F). Now slightly reduce the height of the rectangle and fill it with a new linear gradient. The shades of brown on this rectangle are darker than the ones on the bottom rectangle.
Select both rectangles and go to Object > Blend > Make.
Step 3
Create another rectangle of the same width as all the previous ones, as shown in the figure below. Set the gradient fill and Opacity to 0% in the Transparency palette.
Create a new rectangle the height of which equals a few pixels with the fill of the same gradient as a transparent rectangle.
Select the last two rectangles and go to Object > Blend > Make.
Step 4
Proceed to the creation of a match head. Take the Ellipse Tool (L) and create a circle centered on the same axial line with the match.
For convenience turn on the Smart Guides mode (Command + U). Take the Direct Selection Tool (A) and pull out a circle to the left, while holding down Shift. Now take the Pen Tool (P) and put new anchor points at the intersections of the head with the matchstick.
Using the Direct Selection Tool (A), transform the shape of the head to the view shown in the figure below.
Step 5
Fill the match head with a radial gradient that goes from dark brown to its light shades.
Copy and paste back the shape of the head (Command + C; Command + B). Fill the copy with a solid dark-brown color and shift it slightly to the left.
Step 6
Take the Pen Tool (P) and create a place where the wood is burnt. These areas are filled with a linear gradient composed of dark shades of brown color.
Both of these objects must be located in the under layers below the match head.
Step 7
Create pores on the match head. Take the Ellipse Tool (L) and create an ellipse. For the fill color, use solid color of the fill of a radial gradient of the match head. To take the color, use the Eyedropper Tool (I) and hold down the Shift to select.
Often object selection interferes with choosing the right color, you can turn it on, go to View > Hide Edges (Command + H). Use the same combination of keys to activate the selection. Copy and paste the ellipse in front (Command + C; Command + F), reduce the size and fill it with a solid dark brown.
Using this technique to create more pores on the match head.
Step 8
Now we'll proceed to create the match flame. At this stage, you should learn one important property: black objects when overlapping over other objects become transparent if you set the Screen Blending mode for them in the Transparency palette in RGB color mode.
You can see below the same objects in the CMYK color mode.
If you are still working in the CMYK color mode, then in order to achieve this effect, you should use absolute black.
Step 9
Create the shape of the flame. Take the Ellipse Tool (L) and create a circle. Using the Direct Selection Tool (A), pull the top anchor point up. The shape of the flame should be located in the under layer below the elements of the match.
Step 10
Select the shape of the flame, and go to Object > Create Gradient Mesh... and set the number of rows and columns in the dialog box.
Remember that you can edit the grid lines that are obtained automatically. Use the Gradient Mesh Tool (U) to create new lines, and use the same tool to remove them but this time hold down the Alt. Use the Direct Selection Tool (A) for grid line distortion and movement of the nodes.
Step 11
Thus, bring the lines and nodes of the gradient mesh to the view shown in the figure below. Flame is a movable object, so your grid can have a completely different shape.
Step 12
Select the gradient mesh with the Selection Tool (V) or by clicking on the appropriate under layer in the Layers palette and fill it with black. Set the Screen Blending Mode in the Transparency palette.
Step 13
Proceed to the coloring of the flame. Select the grid nodes and apply yellow and red colors to them. Nodes that lie beyond the borders of the gradient mesh should remain in black, otherwise we get the sharp edges of the flame, which is unacceptable.
Step 14
Create another object above the match. Using the technique described above, create a simple gradient mesh based on this object and color it.
And this is how two gradient meshes look together.
Step 15
Now create two more feathers of the flame.
And all the elements of fire together.
When coloring the gradient mesh you can use the colors of the already colored grids. In this, you can rely on your artistic taste to create a very interesting work.
Step 16
There is no smoke without fire, and vice versa. Start creating smoke. Take the Rectangle Tool (M) and create a rectangle filled with black. And set the Screen Blending Mode in the Transparency palette.
Step 17
Keep the rectangle selected, go to Object > Create Gradient Mesh... and set the number of rows and columns in the dialog box.
Transfer the rectangle to the background in order to choose the right color, and replace the color of the two bottom central points of the gradient mesh with blue.
Step 18
Now you need to bend the rectangle shape into the shape of a smoke stream. I used the following tools to transform such objects: the Direct Selection Tool (A), Lasso Tool (Q), and Rotate Tool (R).
Let's take a look at the transformation technique. First, lock all the objects except the rectangle in the Layers palette. Place the rectangle at the right place in your work, take the Lasso Tool (Q) and select all the nodes of the grid, except those that are on the left side.
Take the Rotate Tool (R) and set the center rotation at point A and use the same tool to bend the object.
Now make another bend. Using the Lasso Tool (Q) select mesh nodes, as shown in the figure below.
Take the Rotate Tool (R) and set the center of rotation at point B and bend the object using the same tool.
In addition, you can move individual nodes and (or) several nodes using the Direct Selection Tool (A). Grid line operation is the same as with operating any other vector objects. I think you've got the working principle down. Bring the object to the view shown in the figure below.
The smoke stream is located below the match in the Layers palette.
Step 19
Using the technique described above, create a few more streams of smoke.
You've probably noticed that for the creation of these streams both sides of the original rectangle are colored in shades of blue, while central nodes of the grid stay black. Check how all the elements that make up the smoke look.
Step 20
We only have to create a composition. Creating a composition in the technical sense is always the final stage. Of course, before creating the work, you should have an idea about the final result, you can even make a few sketches. But it is convenient to complete your work with this stage. Why do you think it is so?
The thing is that it is easier to work with gradients if an object is placed vertically or horizontally. Imagine how much time you would spend on setting the gradients of the wooden piece of the match, if it was located at an angle to the normal line?
And the thing is not only in gradients, it is convenient to work with any object if it is located horizontally or vertically. Thus, unlock all objects in the Layers palette (in step 18, we locked some objects) and group up all the elements of our work and rotate them as shown below.
Also resize the background in this step so that the composition looked harmonious. When creating a composition pay attention not only to the harmony of objects, but to the harmony of empty space as well.
Now hide all the objects protruding beyond the background. Copy the black rectangle (background) and paste it in front (Command + C; Command + F). Move the under layer with the rectangle in the layers palette so that it is above all objects.
Select all objects Command + A. Now go to Object > Clipping Mask > Make or choose the appropriate option from the context menu.
Having mastered the technique described in this tutorial, you can create realistic vector flames, lighters or torches. Who knows, you might want to make a fire? And give it some heat!
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The "Theran cotton" was unique in Greece and existed for more than 100 years. The plant was short, like the vines, and the cotton was red, like silk. The fabrics and the famous Santorinian socks were made from it. They also wove cloths, stockings, caps and jerseys with it.
In 1926, G. Koutsogiannopoulos having returned from Shanghai founded a cotton mill in Fira. In 1929 another knitting factory had been founded in Oia by Iakovos Darzentas which did great and after having tranfered its operations to Athens became the largest in Greece. The last factory had been built by in 1960 by Evaggelos Damigos also in Oia and transfered its operations to Chalkida.
*Data from the text "Production and exportation of cotton" by Dimitris Gofas, emetinus professor of Athens Law School, from the book "Santorini, Thera, Therassia, Aspronisi, Volcanoes", by Ioannis M. Danezis/2001. Editor in chief Emm. A. Lignos.


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One of my biggest issues is staying focussed on a single novel.
My imagination is always creating new and wonderful ideas. I write a few chapters on this story, a few on that story, but never finish.
What disciplines / habits can I put into place to stay focussed and finish a single novel?


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If sultry heat is not your style, set your travel compass to the North. The Far North.
The Arctic is one of the most remote and life-changing travel destinations – and it's accessible to adventurous travelers year round and especially during the relatively 'warmer' summer months.
Here are 5 questions everyone asks about taking a trip to the Arctic:
How Far North is the 'Arctic'?
The Arctic Circle is the northern-most of the 5 circles of latitude circling the earth. The 25,000-mile Equator is the one around the widest part of the Earth at the middle. Up near the top of the planet, by comparison, at 66°33′47.2″ north of the Equator, the Arctic Circle is only 10-thousand miles around.
The Arctic Circle passes through 8 Northern countries: Greenland (Denmark), Canada, the US (in Alaska), Russia, Finland, Sweden, Norway, and an island off the coast of Iceland. Although definitions vary, travel roughly anywhere above the 'tree line' – where the terrain and the cold climate prevent trees from growing – could be considered a trip to the Arctic.
Unlike the opposite polar region, the Antarctic, which is a vast island continent, much of the 4% of the Earth's surface above the Arctic Circle is ocean. So many trips to the Arctic involve travel by sea.
(Photo Credit)
Will I See The Northern Lights?
This magical natural phenomenon is one of the top reasons people travel to the northern hemisphere's polar regions. But you'll have to dress for cold weather. The Aurora Borealis are only visible nights from September til April.
And only when atmospheric conditions are right. Moving charged particles in solar winds interact with the Earth's magnetosphere, emitting different colors of light that seem to 'dance'. The most common colors are greens and yellows, but other colors are possible in different conditions.
The best places to experience the Northern Lights include Canada's Yukon, Nunavut and the Northwest Territories, Alaska, southern Greenland and Iceland, northern Norway, and off the coast of Siberia. The farther north and away from the 'light pollution' of towns and cities, the better the viewing.
If you travel to the Yukon during the summer and miss experiencing the Northern Lights, drop in to the Northern Lights Space and Science Centre, which will treat you to interactive displays about the science and folklore behind the Northern Lights, as well as a spectacular video in its domed theatre. (If you visit in the winter, the show's all around you outdoors).
Is There Really A 'Midnight Sun'?
Summer has its own uniquely polar atmospheric event. Because the Earth tilts on its axis, in the Arctic at the very top, during the Summer Solstice in June, the sun is visible for a full 24 hours, even at midnight. And the days on either side of the Summer Solstice are very long, indeed. 20-24 hour days are a surreal experience – as are mid-winter days of endless darkness on the flip side of the annual calendar.
(Photo Credit)
What Wildlife Can I See?
The word 'Arctic' comes from Greek meaning 'Bear' and 'northern'. It actually is referring to constellations of stars, but there's no doubt the poster child creature of the Arctic is the magnificent polar bear.
Canada's Churchill, Manitoba is the polar bear capital of the world, the ultimate destination for any traveler intent on seeing polar bears. Guided tours in the safety of specialized vehicles can bring you unbelievably close to the largest polar land mammal and fierce predator, one whose survival is threatened by shrinking sea ice due to climate change.
Travelers to Arctic seas hope to cross beluga whales, orca and narwhals, seals and walrus off their spotting lists.
And on land, polar bears share the tundra with musk ox, Arctic fox, wolves, caribou and Arctic hare, and in the skies, snowy owls and other species highly adapted to a severe environment.
Plant life in the Arctic is less notable for being spectacular than for being astoundingly hardy; the tiniest flowers you wouldn't notice underfoot at home are breathtaking in such a stark environment. (Top Photo Credit)
What About Human History in the Arctic?
While the Arctic is famous for its 'Big Nature', you may be surprised that about 4 million people also live above the Arctic Circle in the 8 Arctic countries. Indigenous people have lived in this harsh climate for thousands of years, and being able to visit one of their villages and experience first-hand their traditions and lifestyle is a highlight of any trip to the Arctic.
(Photo Credit)
Also don't miss the historic sites associated with tragic attempts to locate a maritime Northwest Passage as well as the famous Klondike Gold Rush sites in Alaska and Canada's Yukon.
There are many ways to explore one of the world's last remaining wilderness frontiers. Let us help you plan an Arctic journey of a lifetime.
Start your Trip!
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We had such fun on Saturday for Lola's party! As any mother could tell you, birthday parties for their babes are awesome--but....yikes! Are they a load of work!
Friday night, Lola and I got to work making the icing. We had plenty of little taste testers--the boys made sure to 'double check' each and every color to ensure it was juuuuust right. Lola had a blast, sitting on the counter with me and watching the Kitchen Aid go round and round!


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- Home
- BRS Biopellet Reactor
Designed to be easy to use, setup and maintain. Perfect for tumbling biopellets. No thumbs screws, foam pads or leaky lids common with other reactors. The reactor will hold up to 350mL (~1.5 cups) of biopellets. Suitable for tanks 75g and smaller.
The BRS Biopellet Reactor features several distinct advantages over other brands.
- Heavy duty all plastic construction.
- High quality easy to use double O-Ring push connect fittings.
- Easy to operate, clean and maintain.
- High quality ball valve for precise tuning.
- Filter wrench
- (2) 3 Ft. sections of tubing
- Instantly attaches to popular pumps using included push connect or threaded fittings.
- 1/2" fittings and ports throughout reduce head pressure and provide ample flow rates.
- Holds up to 350mL of biopellets (~1.5 cups).
- Dimensions: 14.5"H x 5.5"W x 5"
Feed pump notes - You may use a variety of different feed pumps for this reactor but we recommend and offer the Sicce Syncra Silent 1.5 with our reactors.
Sicce Syncra Silent 1.5 – This pump is highly recommended. It is strong enough to tumble the biopellets continually and will likely have to be dialed back using the included valve. This will allow room for you to turn up the flow inside the reactor if it were to slow down due to tank debris collecting in the cartridge strainer. This pump option requires the least amount of maintenance and effort.
works great By south texas on 6/27/2017south texas would recommend this product to a friendI bought his reactor a couple months ago. At first it worked great then after about a month it would stop tumbling the media. I would clean the screens and it would work good again for awhile. Finally I took it apart and found a small piece of plastic egg crate lodged in the 90 deg inlet (my fault). Now it works as it should but still occasionally requires cleaning the screens.
perfect By mike on 3/6/2015mike would recommend this product to a friendEasy to set up and works
OK But requires weekly Maintenance By Ellery on 3/15/2014Ellery would recommend this product to a friendAs in another review it works well if a proper pump is added for flow and weekly cleaning is down on the chamber screens on top and bottom getting clogged with the film. If they created a screen unique for biopellets that are bigger than that for the GFO/Carbon then it would help reduce the maintenance required.
Heavy duty and well made By Stephen on 1/13/2014Stephen would recommend this product to a friendWell made and heavy plastic, hold hold up for many years, jut wish they had include a little more tubing, need to buy more locally to plumb it to work for my situation..
Excelente biopellet By Vargas on 9/15/2013Vargas would recommend this product to a friendI have a 125g mix reef aquarium and after trying nextreef and two little fishes and didn't work this biopellet reactor is the perfect one,you got the tumble as you wanted it, very easy to set up. Thanks BRS.
Not for biopellets By trigger on 5/17/2013trigger wouldn't recommend this product to a friendI have 1 of these reactors and 2 of the black brs ones. They are perfect for GFO and Carbon, however i dont think they are ideal for Biopellets what so ever. After just 1 week the biopellets are barely tumbling because of gunk buildup inside the filter that restricts flow. This has to be cleaned weekly to keep the biopellets tumbling. Having to do this makes it a chore so I am seriously considering a different reactor. I hope BRS will re-design this reactor so that it doesnt clog as easily. Do not recomment for BIO Pellets. Only for GFO and Carbon.
For all your media needs! By Thomas on 11/17/2012Thomas would recommend this product to a friendI use this reactor for everything from bio pellets to gfo. Amazing quality
Quality Reactor By Mike on 10/21/2012Mike would recommend this product to a friendThe reactor is made of thick plastic and is built very well. The quick connect and swivels help get it up and running fast. Love this reactor.
GREAT REACTOR FOR THE MONEY By Pete on 10/3/2012Pete would recommend this product to a friendWorks like a charm, using a maxi jet 1200 for a good flow.
Old two little fishes reactor too many problems.
Very happy and I'd recommend to all you reefers out there this is the reactor for you.
best buy for your money By r. wilmeth on 9/22/2012r. wilmeth would recommend this product to a friendlike every BRS product i have ever bought this reactor is very high quality. like alot of people my first reactor was a converted phosban reactor powered by a maxi jet. no mater what i did i could not get a good even flow and with biopellets that is key. when i recieved my BRS reactor i was imediately impresed. i had it mounted in minutes and out of curiousity i hooked the maxijet up to it.because of the design of the reactor it had all the pellets moving. my reactor is mounted at sump level so the maxijet only has 6 inches of head presure any more i would have gone with a bigger pump.i have a much more expencive unit on another tank and like it alot but it cost more than three times as much as the BRS reactor.
My Nitrates read zero! By Andrew on 6/7/2012Andrew would recommend this product to a friendI have an overstocked reef tank... enough said my nitrates were always a bit high even when I did a lot of water changes. I had to do one every week to keep it at bay. My corals never really had amazing colors and great growth. I bought this product and the BRS Bio Pellets and since than my phosphates read zero! I love this thing! Only thing is that my SKIM SMELLS FOUL but i can deal with that!
works great By david on 4/28/2012david would recommend this product to a friendworks great, good controll of tumble, easy assembly
Hi, I have a 125 with 2-3" sandbed and not that much live rock. Maybe 100 gallons of water? I don't have a few hundred dollars to spend on a biopellet reactor and was thinking of trying this. I'm thinking it would be better than nothing, or would you see this as a complete waste of money? thanks.
Unfortunately the BRS bio pellet reactor would be small and cause some head aches on a system of your size. Instead of going for a bio pellet at this point you may want to consider carbon dosing such as NO3PO4x by Red Sea which is a liquid form of food for bacteria which can be dosed. Feel free to let us know if you have any further questions!
I have 90 gal total water volume. Would this be too small? Could I run to reactors?
Have a great day!
I have a 120g tank, but this says its for 75g or smaller. could i use 2 of these inline or should i look for something else?
For a larger tank I would use a larger reactor :-) Something like one of the Octopus BH or Bio-Churn reactors seems like it would be a good choice.
Whats the difference between BRS Biopellet Reactor and BRS GFO & Carbon Reactor - Single , thank you
Would this be the best reactor choice for use as a CO2 scrubber? I have a Bubble Magus skimmer, and would like to connect it to the air intake.
For a setup like that you would actually want to look at the universal air filter. It has barb connections on it and is made for doing just that.