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Parachute Cord is a Multi Purpose Wonder
Ropes are fairly flexible instruments. These could be used to grapple, secure, entwine, lift, draw, or about anything that have to be carried out. A particular sort of rope is 550 Paracord. The name is point around the expression "parachute string". This sort of rope was made to be used as suspension twines within parachutes. It was initially used amid Ww2. It's confirmed to be an extremely adaptable bit of gear in the space. About whether, its use has advanced, from simply military use to regular citizen diversion. There are diverse sorts of 550 Paracord, each one holding fast to some set of specs ordered by MIL-C-5040h. The most celebrated among these sorts is 550 paracord.
This parachute string is known as being that it can hold weights up to 550 lbs before breaking. Every mixture of 550 Paracord ought to take after the criteria set in Mil C 5040 powers record for the 550 sort III paracord. The twine ought to be made of 7 to 9 ny-lon strands, each with 3-handle of interior twines. The Titan(tmark) Accord takes after with this normal. As its harsh however lightweight, it is to a great degree helpful to convey. It is insusceptible to build up advancement, won't decay, and dries instantly.
Separated from its unique use as suspension links in parachutes, 550 paracord has a real number of employments. The greater part of it is for crisis use. The entire twine might be used to tie packages, arrangements, or supplies together. Pulling enormous supplies, bringing down overwhelming gear, or even as a climbing rope, this twine can without much of a stretch handle real weights without breaking. The elasticity is at 550 lbs, after, is truly intended for real obligation reason. This twine may be used as a tourniquet, to avert noteworthy dying. Either tie the entire generous twine to the furthest point, or part the fibrils before utilizing. Dabs could be strung into the twine and capacity as a pace counter.
This kind III parachute string is made of 7 to 9 ny-lon strands, each one strand with 3 inward filaments. The entire twine might be disentangled, and a fresh out of the plastic new set of conceivable outcomes show up. This quality makes 550 Paracord a truly supportive apparatus. The divided strand is bubbled, and may be used for crisis sewing of much, open, draining wounds. The conceivable outcomes are boundless; it basically obliges a little inventiveness.
Talking of innovativeness, parachute lines are presently being used for specialities. A complete compass of 550 paracord is normally come into wearable armlets. It might be unrolled in the occasion of vitality. Shorter varieties of this arm jewelery is also made and worn as a simple adornment. It could be used as a feature of a craftsmanship venture. Inventive employments of paracord are unending.


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It took me forever to edit these, also took me forever to swatch everything on my legs lol. I don't have any space left on my arms because of my tattoos, and to be honest, its waaay easier to swatch it on my legs! So last week I got some amazing packages in from my NYX family. They are the sweetest and always send me good stuff. I always love to try out different kinds of make-up. I tried red…
How to: Messy SpacebunsMay 19, 2017
I love a quick hairstyle, especially when you look cute with it! It only takes less then 3 minutes (except for the curls). I like doing this hairstyle during the hot days when its humid outside. I also had my hair like this on my sisters wedding and I added some clips with white flowers in my hair. It looked so nice! I love…
Top 10 favourite beauty productsJanuary 17, 2017
I have wanted to post something like this for a long time but I wanted to wait for a while until I had tested all of these products and see what it did to my skin. So to start off, I have very VERY oily skin. It runs in my family cause everyone here at home struggles with a shiny forehead! Ladies, I feel you. I know how annoying…
Beauty: Metallic pink eyeshadow lookJuly 13, 2016
Beauty: How I clean my make-up brushesApril 17, 2016

subset: commoncrawl


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A reef eye view of the very skiddish, highly sought after black grouper breezing the top of a reef.


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In childhood, that includes the majority.
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So what is your identity?
Do you know who you are? What are your strengths? What are your weaknesses? What do you do well, and what are you still learning?
Great companies, teams, organizations, people, and relationships know their identity. Regardless of who or what you do, there will be times when YOUR THING goes through a rough season. Profits will dip, people will leave, you will struggle, YOUR THING will be tested. The organizations, teams, and people that make it through rough times know their identity.
Have you discovered your identity? Do you know what makes you fight, win, tick? Do you know your strengths and how to maximize them, as well as your weaknesses, and core focus?
know your identity. in tough times. who are you?


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A Wal-Mart Supercenter in Canal Winchester, OH, has caved into demands
from nearby residents and stopped allowing trucks to use its lot for overnight
The Columbus Dispatch reported that the ban came after residents of a nearby condominium community
claimed that the noise from the idling trucks was keeping them awake at night.
The company reacted quickly by posting signs warning truckers that any
trucks parked there would be towed at the owner's expense.
Local law requires Wal-Mart to put up four tow-away signs in the lot
before enforcing the no-parking policy, The
Dispatch reported. The retailer went above and beyond the law and
put up special "No Truck Parking" signs as well.
While residents are happy with the new truck ban, The Dispatch reported that they are still
concerned about the traffic that could result from a gas station Wal-Mart plans
to build on its lot.


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Are You GEEK Enough?!
Who wants tickets to see Star Wars Episode 7: The Force Awakens? Wait, let me rephrase that...who wants FREE tickets to see Star Wars Episode 7: The Force Awakens in a special viewing on Opening Night***?
You? Oh, OK, great. I just have one question...
Are you GEEK enough?!
That's right. You're going to have to earn it, friend, and I'm not going to make it easy. OK, OK, Jill says I can't make it too tough. But, there has to be some work, right?
Starting this Monday, November 30, through Friday, December 11***, I'll have two Family Four Packs of tickets to give away every day on Mornings with the Traceys at 7:41 and 8:41 a.m. If you get through at 888-691-9150, the test will begin. What level of Jedi are you...a Padawan, a Jedi Knight, or a Master Jedi? We'll find out and determine if you're geek enough to attend my special viewing on Friday, December 18 at Carmike Cinemas in Peoria.
Oh, and if you make it in...start dreaming up your costume! The person who wins tickets from WCIC AND arrives in the best Star Wars attire that night will win a brand new 55" Flat Screen TV from Shermans!
Brush up on your knowledge of The Force and get ready to play this Monday! I'll leave you with the lasting words of that famous green Jedi: Do or do not...there is no try.
- Grandmaster Jeremy
Special Thanks to:
*** This film has received a PG-13 rating for sci-fi action violence. Please use discretion in inviting younger children along for this event. Also please note that, for programming reasons, the contest will not take place on Friday, December 4.
Click here for the contest rules.


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Werribee Giants have made an emphatic statement with a series win over Newport Rams in the Baseball Victoria summer league division 2.
In an enthralling three-game series, the Giants won the final two games, including an epic 16-inning game two.
The Giants clinched the series with a 6-3 win away at KC White Reserve on Sunday.
Giants coach John Curnow described the final game as "a good-quality contest right the way through".
Werribee held a slender one-run lead for most of the game thanks to a stellar performance from Trent Pantalleresco.
He pitched seven strong innings and produced an early two-run home run that gave the Giants that lead.
After breaking out last season, Pantallaresco seems to have taken his game to another level this summer.
"He performed well last year and he's continuing on with that," Curnow said.
"He puts everything into every pitch. He throws hard, he's got a good slider and keeps all the hitters off balance.
"We made a couple of errors behind him, but he stood up when he had to and got hitters out for us."
Photo Gallery: Newport Rams vs Werribee Giants
Wes DeJong was also effective in both the batters box and on the mound for Werribee.
He pitched a scoreless inning in the eighth and hit a crucial two-out single that drove in two runs to create a handy buffer.
That huge eighth inning for the Giants broke the game open.
"We got our lead-off on with a hit," Curnow said.
"Then one of our blokes went to drop a bunt, they tried to pick him off and the throw got away, so he got around to third.
"We were able to get another two on with walks and they got two outs, then Wes came up and got the clutch hit for us."
Closer Guillermo Salazar completed the job for Werribee in the ninth inning.
The Giants (11-1) will take on the Port Melbourne Mariners (5-7) in a three-game series before the Christmas break.


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Monday, December 14, 2015
dressed in the fabric of a world unfolding
Today you are 5. The last five years...that's a musical, you know. It doesn't work in this case because it's about a broken heart. It's about a love shown backwards to the audience, that way it breaks their hearts too. Which you know me, you know I like that stuff. Because it's real. Plus Jason Robert Brown wrote the music so it's quality.
I like things that are real. The last five years have been the most real of my 35. I came to the NICU to feed you and see you and breathe you in and the lady saw me at the locked door through the tiny window and told her colleague: "it's Sloane's mom, open the door." I'd never been anything but "Shannon" and from that moment when you were just a day old I never was "just Shannon" again.
So the last five years have been full of heartache and regret and anxiety. I married your dad. I tried for many years with him (before you came and after) to make us work and we couldn't. My heart broke. I divorced your dad. And nothing during any of that was worth much to me unless it was a measurement of your happiness. So, I felt like a ratty mom. A mom who gave up on keeping her child's family together. I felt selfish. But slowly because of you I rebuilt my shaky confidence in my motherhood. Every time you'd put your chubby hands out to me I grew a little bit stronger. "Your beauty trumped my doubt." (it's a lyric by Mumford and Sons, there's always a lot of supplemental reading when it comes to your mother's writing).
So it wasn't perfect. But somewhere I had and still have this dream in me that our happiness isn't mutually exclusive. And in fact that if you didn't have a mother who could be happy you could never learn to be happy either. And I think a lot about that hymn from when I was a little girl that we would sing in church and I hope it's true: "farther along we'll know all about it, farther along we'll understand why. Cheer up my brother, live in the sunshine, we'll understand it all by and by."
There are people who will tell you when you are older that you shouldn't have regrets, or that they in fact don't have any regrets. I will tell you that if you become a parent this idea is utter bullshit.
I have one million regrets and they are all, every single one (besides everything I did in the year 2001) about you. They stem from how I could've made you happier, or how I could have prevented you from hurting.
I try to best navigate by how to make you not only feel happy but how to help you turn into someone who is kind and intelligent, a woman who doesn't fear any part of herself, a person who passionately seeks but who is not too involved with herself to help others find. It's hard to navigate. I mess up a lot. You'll know soon: I'm bad at maps, directions, and even Siri gets me lost sometimes.
Until I figure out the next step though, I have a constant companion. You sing silly made up songs a lot of the time, some mornings you are quite grumpy, some days you tell me you don't want to live with me (some of those days I don't want to live with me either), but when you are away the sound of the quiet is different. The quiet when you are asleep is a blissful quiet, sweet and colored with the exhaustion from going through another day together. The quiet when you are gone feels like a humid room. It gives me time to think about all the missteps and how to correct my navigation and it makes me count the hours until the quiet is replaced with your voice.
For everything that ever hurt or will hurt, I am sorry. I promise I think of you more than you will ever know. I am prouder of you than anything I've ever achieved. And I love you more than I love anyone else including myself.
Happy birthday, all I want for you is everything good and many, many more.
the title is from a song by ani difranco, I hope there is a woman musician who does for you what she did for your mommy a long time ago...the song is called The Slant. The full lyric is this:
I am a work in progress
dressed in the fabric of a world unfolding
offering me intricate patterns of questions
rhythms that never come clean
and strengths that you still haven't seen
Posted by Shannon at 3:02 PM 4 comments:
Labels: i pray, letters to Sloane, LOVE story, raising a girl
Friday, December 4, 2015
You can keep all the memories
I'm not listening to Adele, but Gwen, she's a different story. Adele can keep her calling up so long after breaking his heart. Gwen saying this split wasn't the plan and writing "Used To Love You" that I can get on board with.
Just wanted to check in because I'm still living and shit.
Gwen Stefani who's performance will give you the feels Used To Love You for the title
Posted by Shannon at 1:00 PM 4 comments:
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As much I try to hide it, my husband is fully aware that I have a shoe problem. Here are the shoes I purchased last month. Can you tell I was interested in a comfy casual pair? Well I think I found a few!
Now Taylor, along with my 16 year old nephews and my younger brother all told me that I was too old to sport Adidas Superstars but I got them anyway, and I LOVE them!
http://shopstyle.it/l/dRoE They are available in many different sizes and colors and are super comfortable! I normally wear a size 9 but went down to an 8 in these and they fit perfect!
Here is a similar style of the pink Lucky Brand Bootie available at Nordstrom Rack at a highly discounted price! http://shopstyle.it/l/dRpi.
Lord & Taylor also has this style available for half off! http://shopstyle.it/l/dRpZ. These booties are super comfortable, great for Fall, and fit true to size!
I can not say enough positive things about the Vince Camuto heels. Normally I stay away from heels just because I'm already 5'10" and don't usually need to add much more to that, but these were super adorable and even better in person! I ordered the dark beige, and the website says to size up but I stayed with my normal size 9 and they are great! Super comfortable, wore them to the Tim McGraw and Faith Hill concert and was able to party all night! Currently on sale at Nordstrom for 40% off http://shopstyle.it/l/dRrK


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Hide Forgot
Description of problem:
Please add the ability to show password when entering a LEAP password, as
happens in other password entering screens.
Version-Release number of selected component (if applicable):
This gets fixed for free by the NM rebase that we have done. Extremely easy to verify during the normal LEAP tests that QE will be doing as well (just check if the show password box works when entering the LEAP password while testing).
This request was evaluated by Red Hat Product Management for inclusion in a Red
Hat Enterprise Linux maintenance release. Product Management has requested
further review of this request by Red Hat Engineering, for potential
inclusion in a Red Hat Enterprise Linux Update release for currently deployed
products. This request is not yet committed for inclusion in an Update
QA_ACK based on comment #1.
Should be fixed in svn4088 and later in RHEL5
Verified on i386 and x86_64.
An advisory has been issued which should help the problem
described in this bug report. This report is therefore being
closed with a resolution of ERRATA. For more information
on therefore solution and/or where to find the updated files,
please follow the link below. You may reopen this bug report
if the solution does not work for you.


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Member's Community Gathering
Several months have passed since leadership at the highest levels of Shambhala has been thrown into a process of self-inquiry and transition. As practitioners and members of the Austin sangha, we are relating and reacting to this time in our own unique ways. Are triggers and groundlessness only obstacles or do they represent seeds of growth and progress for our community and ourselves? These monthly community gatherings offer space to come together, share experiences, and work our way forward.
Also, our own Jen Crow, who was chosen as a Shambhala Interim Board Member, will share updates on the leadership transition at Shambhala International.
We need some experience of a breakthrough, a gap, or a space, where we can sit and experience ourselves, review our lives but also see through our preoccupations and projections and uplift ourselves. Mindfulness in Action, CTR


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AFM missionaries are trained in the art and science of contextualizing—introducing new truths and unseen realities to people in a different cultural context where these concepts are unknown. Missionaries expect to contextualize the gospel for the hearts and minds of their unreached people, but they often feel less prepared to contextualize truth about the mission field so that readers of Adventist Frontiers can wrap their minds around it. Over the years, a number of missionaries have expressed this frustration to me. As one said, "I have a folder full of articles I wrote and then filed away. Most readers wouldn't believe what really happens here."
The spiritual realities of the mission field are often the hardest things for Western minds to grasp. How can our missionaries communicate what it is really like to see demonic manifestations in everyday life (p. 32), to have demons attack your family half a world away to discourage you in your work (p. 46), or to spend day and night for weeks on end guarding, fasting, praying and singing over a violently possessed young girl (p. 40)? These are things that are difficult to communicate in our sanitized, secularized Western context (though these realities are a growing problem in the West as well).
As we begin 2018 together, let us open our eyes to the concrete reality of the spiritual war raging far away on the mission frontiers and here at home all around us. Pray for our missionaries as they battle hand-to-hand, and dedicate yourself to God's side in the battles you must face.


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Metallics are a huge trend right now! Also, pleated skirts are a classic holiday piece. Put the two together and you've got yourself a perfect piece for a holiday party or event!
Like I said before in this post, I'm not much of a sequins gal, but metallics, I will do! I love this skirt because you can wear it with heels for a more formal event or throw on some flats or sneakers like I did here to make it more casual.
I kept with the glam holiday theme and threw on my MIL's old coat! It's not exactly fur, but not exactly velvet either, it's like a mix between the two. But funny story about this coat: I remember like 7 years ago, my sis in law and I were telling her mom to get rid of all this old stuff she never wears (AKA this coat) but she was avid when she said that they'll be stylish again one day and we will want to wear it. And what do you know, here I am wearing it!
I'm going to end this post on that note
*hates admitting I was wrong*
A couple more posts to come before I head out of town for a vacay!
Bodysuit (sold out, loveee this one that is similar)


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Nanooks defeat Seawolves, reclaim Governor's Cup
By Tom Hewitt
Sun Star Reporter
For the Nanooks, redemption came in the form of a golden bowl a foot across.
Alaska captured the Governor's Cup Saturday night at the Carlson Center, beating Anchorage 3-2 in a wild finish to the state's most intense hockey rivalry. The win returned the Cup to Fairbanks after three long years of UAA ownership.
The win was particularly sweet for the team's seniors, Dion and Brandon Knelsen, Cody Rymut, and Dustin Molle, none of whom had ever held the cup before.
"I'm really happy the guys came out and put their best effort out there. I'm really proud to be a member of this team," Molle said after Saturday's win. Molle's path to the win was unique among the seniors, as he grew up in Anchorage and played as a Seawolf for the 2005-2006 season – the last year UAF won the cup – before transferring to Fairbanks.
The series got off to a high-powered start Friday, as the Nanooks rocked UAA goaltender Bryce Christianson for seven goals at the Sullivan Arena in Anchorage. Usually stingy UAF goalie Scott Greenham let in four goals, but the abundance of Nanook offensive opportunities ensured the 7-4 Fairbanks win.
The Anchorage game was not without its drama for Fairbanks, however, as the Seawolves scored twice before the Nanooks answered back. "When they got those two goals early, we really needed to bounce back and bounce back quick," said freshman wing Andy Taranto. "It was really important for us to get that next goal and with that, we were just kind of feeding off of our energy and kept making smart plays."
The Nanooks were in control for much of Saturday's game, but their offensive pressure didn't translate into a big goal advantage as it had on Friday. Seawolf Kane Lafranchise followed Joe Sova's first-period goal closely with one of his own, establishing a 1-1 tie that held until late into the third period.
In the final frame the UAF offense's hard work paid off. Fatigued Anchorage defenders incurred penalties midway through the third period, leading to a quick goal by Brandon Knelsen. The Seawolves' frustration quickly spread to the bench, as Anchorage coach Dave Shyiak threw a water bottle and entered the rink in a disagreement with referees. Shyiak was ejected for his shenanigans, and Dion Knelsen made Shyiak's team pay for the outburst a few seconds later, scoring on a 5-3 power play to give the Nanooks a 3-1 lead.
UAF suffered one final scare late in Saturday's game when referees gave Molle a five-minute major penalty for checking from behind with three and a half minutes left to play, making the team play out the rest of the game a man short. UAA quickly capitalized, scoring less than a minute later to cut their deficit to one. "It was definitely a poor decision on my part," Molle said afterward. "I should have just backed out. I was definitely worried."
Molle's teammates had his back, however, holding off the Seawolves' attack for the remainder of the game. When the final buzzer sounded, both the Nanook bench and the near-capacity crowd at the Carlson Center erupted, and fans gave the team a standing ovation for several minutes.
With their intrastate business taken care of, the Nanooks can now focus on the CCHA playoffs. UAF will host a first-round series against last-place Western Michigan this weekend, and after last year's trip to Joe Louis Arena for the CCHA Super Six tournament, the team is looking to return to Detroit. "It's not just about getting there now. It's about getting there and winning," Ferguson said.
The Nanooks will return to the ice for their first-round playoff series this Friday and Saturday against Western Michigan. Both games are at the Carlson Center, with puck drop scheduled for 7:05 p.m. Team boosters are planning a reprise of last year's playoff "White Out," and are encouraging fans to come to the games dressed in white.
Romancing the Stone
The Governor's Cup wasn't the only sacred relic to change hands Saturday night. The Tradition Stone, a 385-pound monolith commemorating the one-time banning of alcohol on the UAF campus, was stolen shortly after the completion of the game.
Stealing the stone has long been a part of the "tradition" for which the stone is named, and this theft involved a familiar cast of characters. In the fall, members of the Alpha Phi Omega service fraternity stole the stone from its then-keepers, a loose coalition of engineering students. Saturday the engineers returned the favor, trapping the APO members and forcing them to hand the stone over per the unofficial rules of its keeping. After the engineers had secured the stone, a car chase ensued as fraternity members attempted to trail them and recover it. The engineers eventually shook their pursuers and made good their escape on the outskirts of town.
Though tempers ran high during the theft and subsequent chase, the fraternity members were philosophical about its loss. "Never again do I want to have any part of the stone," said student Jessica Angelette, who prior to the theft was part of a group who rode around the arena with the stone. "It's like the lottery… it's cool until you win."
UAF Alumna and former Sun Star Editor-in-Chief Kortnie Westfall contributed to this report.


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Thursday, November 12, 2015
Making it Simple ~ Italian Cuisine
The Molise region was once part of Abruzzo and part of the great thoroughfare where the sheep were driven down from Abruzzo to Puglia for warmer climates and better pasture in the winter.
Only having become a region it its own right in 1963 it struggles now to find traditions and cuisine that is truly its own and not part of Abruzzo. Many of its dishes are identical or similar to those of Abruzzo and Puglia and as in all southern regions the tomato and chili peppers play a large part. Probably the one thing that Molise is well known for in Italy is the quality of its pasta. They produce a lot of it here and it certainly lives up to its reputation of having that 'melt in the mouth' quality.
Melt in your mouth pasta is what's for dinner tonight. This dish is simple and its Italian. I call it Chicken with chili peppers in a cream sauce, ladled over melt in your pasta. What you need if you don't have it on hand: chicken breasts in plump strips (got a nice package of natural free range at my local grocery), pasta from the Molise or just good quality wide egg noodle pasta and a few sweet and hot chili peppers. I like to use the small tomato size.
In your skillet, drizzle in olive oil, a generous dash of organic garlic powder, along with fresh dried herbs: rosemary, mint and oregano. Turn the heat to high/med. and get things sizzling. Lay in your breasts and saute on both sides until the meat is white. Scoot them aside and add your peppers. When they quickly appear brown around the edges, you can then pour in 3/4 cup of heavy cream and 4 tbs of parmesan cheese. Cover and simmer for 8 min. on low heat.
In the meantime, get a pot of water boiling for your pasta. As it cooks, set the table. Select a nice Barolo or Merlot for the table, wine is always good with dinner. Chop some fresh green parsley and when the pasta is tender, ladle it onto a low lipped serving plate, top with your chicken and peppers in cream sauce.
~ Tutti a Tavola!
Regional info source~ http://www.understandingitaly.com/regions/molise.html
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The Ultraceuticals skin care range combats skin issues such as fine lines and wrinkles, loss of firmness, pigmentation, redness, sensitivity and acne. Australian made and owned, Ultraceuticals products are multi-active and dermatologically tested for safety and efficacy.
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Lease Extensions
Are you interested in increasing your leasehold's value by extending your lease? Or, are you a freeholder trying to agree on fair but profitable extension terms? If you want to avoid potential disputes, reach an amicable agreement and ensure the sales process goes smoothly, you should contact our impartial RICS registered valuers to provide a lease extension valuation.
At Harding Chartered Surveyors, we can provide accurate lease extension valuation reports for both leaseholders and freeholders in London, helping you protect your investment while securing your future. In addition to dealing with lease extensions, we can also assist in Collective Enfranchisement matters, and we never work on behalf of banks and lenders.


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Think Twice Before You Pay For Essay Writing Services
- custom essays are quite cheap (though this fact should alert you, and soon you will find out why it is so);
- custom essays are well-structured and professionally written (very often, they are written by college professors themselves. Why do they do so? Keep reading to understand);
- custom essays can't be detected by plagiarism checkers, because they are not plagiarized actually though they were not written by students themselves;
- custom essays may help you understand the nature of a good paper and write a high-quality essay by your own afterward;
The dangers of buying essays online
- knowing your knowledge and writing style, it will be very easy for your professor to understand that it was not you who has written a new essay. If your previous works were not as good as a new one, your professor will definitely suspect something wrong here; yes, your new work is in a different league now. But how did it happen? Have you suddenly become a guru of essay writing? A good professor will hardly believe that.
Why pay people to write essays
- when you order an essay, you can't check the professional skills of your ghostwriter. All of them will definitely say that they are professionals and they perfectly know what they do. All of them will say they are native speakers and they guarantee a high quality of the work they do. But how can you make sure that your money will not be spent on anything unworthy?
Which is called a fanslave. Menjelaskan latar belakang pelaksanaan haji Wada Menyebutkan isi khutbah wada Nabi Muhammad Saw saat haji Wada satu pesan penting.
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A gain of 12.5% in 2018 for shares of Costco Wholesale Corporation (COST) was likely helped by bullish unusual trading activity in the stock. Costco's shares have been performing very well this year, even in the face of a weak year-to-date (YTD) performance for the consumer staples sector. Costco's +12.5% gain compares with a -7.59% performance for the Consumer Staples Select Sector SPDR ETF (XLP).
What makes this company interesting is that higher share volumes are accompanying the higher share price this year. With activity like that, it should come as no surprise that Costco stock has trended higher in 2018. By focusing our efforts in looking for companies with great fundamentals alongside potential bullish institutional activity, we have found that we can uncover great performing stocks.
In the view of Macro Analytics for Professionals (MAP), the strongest indicator of positive price momentum is obtained by measuring potential institutional accumulation. In 2018, Costco stock has logged eight of these rare signals, with the first bullish signal occurring on Jan. 22. This is on top of the nine signals Costco fired off since September 2017. We want to see bullish activity in the shares alongside solid fundamentals, as this indicates that demand for the stock should increase. (See also: Costco's Business Model Is Smarter Than You Think.)
In the chart below, Costco stock broke out to new highs accompanied by increasing accumulation. Shares should continue the upward trajectory:
MAP's process focuses on identifying companies with healthy fundamentals accompanied by outsized, unusual institutional activity to try and measure potential accumulation/distribution at the single-stock level. By studying these data points, we can hypothesize which equities institutions are trafficking in and marry this information with fundamentally sound companies. We want the odds on our side when looking for the highest-quality stocks.
[Want to learn how to use additional indicators and data points to analyze stock charts? The Technical Analysis course on the Investopedia Academy includes interactive content and real-world examples to help boost your trading skills.]
When deciding on the strongest candidate for long-term growth, we consider many technical areas important to success. A few of these for Costco are as follows:
- YTD outperformance vs. market: +11.43% vs. SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY)
- YTD outperformance vs. sector: +20.09% vs. XLP
- Bullish potential accumulation signals
On top of a great technical picture, one should also look under the hood to see if the fundamental picture supports a long-term investment. As you can see, Costco has solid earnings and sales growth rates:
- One-year sales growth rate: +8.68%
- One-year earnings growth rate: +11%
- Three-year dividend growth rate: +12.6%
Costco checks the box on strong technicals and fundamentals while showing bullish institutional momentum over the past year. We believe that the current level for the shares is in position for further upside. Costco shares have been powering higher this year, and with multiple unusual institutional activity signals, the stock could be setting up for a continued move to the upside. All of this points to further long-term bullish action for the stock.
The Bottom Line
Costco stock represents a potential buying opportunity for the long-term investor. Given the solid earnings growth, sales growth and multiple unusual accumulation signals, this stock could be worth a spot in a growth portfolio. (For more, see: Why Costco's Stock Can Rise to Record Highs.)
To learn more about MAP's institutional signals, please visit our "About Us" page.
Disclosure: The author holds a long position in Costco shares at the time of publication.
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text: New Zealand politicians voted 77-44 last night to amend the marriage laws to include same sex couples. A good day for equality before the law for all people. A bad day for people who hate the word Mondayising. I assume that this was why the Bill to Mondayise ANZAC and Waitangi Day was so controversial and only passed 61-60. Frankly I am also against the word and would only have supported a law change that allowed us to Saturdayise or Sundayise days when we didn't want to go to work.


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By DB, Ex-Noble
"They have been going through a true roller coaster in the past few years which I believe will eventually end up in a dead end.
I am by no means an accounting expert, but you know it does not really take one to realise that something isn't going right.
When I joined Noble things were all over the place, for a young guy like me it was frustrating but also kind of beneficial as I got dropped into a bit of a mess and had to find my way out by learning things first hand.
They tried to create a clear business structure, establish strong support teams, make up a business plan but to my mind they failed and quite badly.
Firstly, by mistreating their employees and secondly by mismanaging their own business. Plus, wasn't it a bit too late to do this for a multinational company that has 15k workers worldwide?
regards to Iceberg etc, I am not entirely sure if somebody is trying to deliberately mislead the market. I rule that out but I feel like it's more of a competency issue or laziness or both.
I saw really weird things happening at Noble. Maybe when they grasped the extent of the problem they were in, it was already too late to fix it so what followed next was just a bunch of stupid excuses, unjustified blames and empty promises…
They are half way through now so we'll see where it takes them.
On the other hand, I think Noble made one fatal mistake by starting to narrow and focus their business on energy alone and especially oil liquids. Oil business has changed a lot during the past 4 years there too.
Lately the results might have been a little misleading because huge chunk of profits in past years came from totally unexpected price moves in ethanol or gasoline so thanks to that losses elsewhere didn't look that big anymore.
Plus one trader in the states keeps making huge money every year on pipeline deals, without him the story of oil liquids as a whole would be completely different.
Anyway, the story of Noble is worth writing a book, mostly of how not to run your business. They are now desperately trying to revive their image by hiring former goldmans, jpms, trafis etc.. just as you said, looking for a form of credibility assurance or market reputation.
That doesn't really work that well either. The whole system has to change and adapt to a totally different environment dictated by people who come from relentless money making power houses thinking they just joined a similar business or at least a business with a similar sort of potential.
I came to a point where I felt that the time has come for me to move on.
I was exhausted physically and emotionally and really felt like things are not going anywhere".
-DB (No Longer On-Board The Sinking Ship)


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- It's difficult to find reliable information
- It's difficult to find other people who have it
- It can also be difficult to find doctors who know much about it
Each rare disease group (RDG) will need lists of patients, ways to contact them, and ways to keep up with how they're doing. Most of this info is already in Renal PatientView, so if you want to join, the first thing you'll be asked to do is to sign up to sharing your info with the Disease Group.
This system is being called RADAR (Renal Rare Disease Registry). Your name and where you live won't be part of that, but they will be kept so that the group's organisers can keep you up to date with info and research, and get you together online or in person.
A lot of work has been going on behind the scenes to make this technically possible, and to make it as easy as possible for staff to get info into the system. We hope that the first new group, the Alport group, will launch very soon, closely followed by the others.
More info
www.rarerenal.org has more about the Rare Kidney Diseases initiative
The BKPA and Kidney Research UK have supported the development of 'RADAR' and its integration with RPV, to keep the register for each disease.
The image shows rare kidneys and common ones.


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SKULLDEVIL or SATANRAVEN BIRDNATIVE AMERICAN INDIAN BRAVENATIVE AMERICAN INDIAN CHIEFCLOWNPIRATESANTA CLAUSHEAR NO EVIL MONKEYSEE NO EVIL MONKEYSPEAK NO EVIL MONKEY(11) VARIOUS DIFFERENT HEADS
Contrary to popular belief, none of these particular charms were ever used as prizes in a Cracker Jack box. This flyer sheet measures 8-1/2'' x 11''. It is in mint unused condition as pictured. There are two folds as made for mailing.
Click on image to zoom.


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Nicole McGinnis, 22, was shot in the leg.
Jamaal Brown, 23, who appeared Thursday before Reno County District Judge Joe McCarville, is also charged with obstruction for allegedly lying to officers about the April 1, 2007, shooting.
Hutchinson police officers testified Thursday they responded that day to Hutchinson Hospital, where McGinnis was suffering from a gunshot wound to the leg. Brown was also at the hospital, according to officer Kramer Siemens.
When Brown and McGinnis were questioned about what happened, they told officers McGinnis had been walking with three men she didn't know on Second Avenue between Plum and Severance when she was shot, Siemens said. The pair claimed they didn't know who shot her, and McGinnis ran back to their house at 1521 E. Sixth Ave. after being shot, he said.
Brown said he drove McGinnis to the hospital, Siemens testified.
Police officer Lee Campbell testified officers found a blood trail from the couple's home to the street curb, but no blood trail was found between the Second Avenue location and the home.
Additionally, there was blood on the couch and carpet of the couple's home, and a bullet embedded into the carpet, Siemens said. Although Brown told officers they were not involved in drug activity, numerous plastic baggies with a "white rock substance," scales, razor blades and cash were found in a bedroom of the home, he said.
The bullet in the carpet matched a .357-caliber handgun that was found in a trash can behind the house, Siemens said.
McGinnis was wearing a T-shirt, pajama bottoms and no shoes when she was at the hospital, Campbell testified.
When McGinnis was then questioned about the legitimacy of her story, she stopped answering questions and later became uncooperative, claiming "she didn't know what happened," Campbell testified.
Brown initially faced only drug charges in the case, and those charges were dropped in 2008.
The Reno County District Attorney's Office refiled charges against Brown in July, however, after he was arrested in another criminal case.
Local Drug Enforcement Unit officers on June 25 served a search warrant at 812 N. Washington, where they reportedly seized crack cocaine and drug paraphernalia. Brown and Derrick Taylor, also of Wichita, were both arrested and have been charged with selling cocaine, not having drug tax stamps and possessing drug paraphernalia. Brown is scheduled for trial Dec. 1 on those charges.
In the April 2007 incident, Brown is also charged with selling cocaine, criminal possession of a firearm, possession of drug paraphernalia and not having a drug tax stamp.
He has prior convictions of possessing drugs in 2005 and 2008 in Reno County, according to the Kansas Department of Corrections, and was on Community Corrections supervision, an intensive form of probation, when he was arrested in both cases.


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This is a great story:
By Jennifer Brooks • THE TENNESSEAN • April 24, 2010
It would be easy to take one look at Kaitlen Howell's past and write off her future.
Born into a violently abusive home, she was pulled out of school in first grade and never sent back. She spent her teen years bouncing through a series of foster homes and homeless shelters. Damaged goods, some called her.
Howell, Tennessee's newest Fulbright scholar, graduates from Middle Tennessee State University next week with a double major in biology and German, a nearly flawless GPA, and enough academic trophies and awards to splinter a shelf.
She'll spend the summer studying for the medical school entrance exams at her parents' home in Murfreesboro — the parents who stepped forward to adopt her when she was 17 years old. She'll spend her scholarship year in Germany, studying with a neurologist whose research could save thousands from a deadly type of stroke. She'll spend the rest of her life trying to make the world a better place than the one she was born into.
"It doesn't matter where you come from. That's not who you are. Yeah, people took a whole lot from me. But I'm the happiest person I know," she said, flashing an even wider version of her usual ear-to-ear grin. "Man, I'm alive! I'm 22! How great is that? I never thought I'd live to see 22. I was happy just being alive."
'I had a choice'
The Kaitlen Howell who is graduating from MTSU in May is very different from the one who started there 4½ years ago. She walked into her first college classes with a graduate equivalency degree and no idea just how wide the gap was between her and the rest of her classmates.
On the first day of her first general science class, the professor kept waving to the big chart on the wall. The one with all the tiny boxes and letters. The periodic table of elements. She'd never heard of it.
"I didn't know what an atom was. I wrote it in my notes, A-D-A-M. I had no idea," she said.
It would have been enough to make almost anyone throw up her hands in despair, walk away, quit. But Howell had survived far worse things than tough homework assignments, and she did what she had always done. She put her head down, gutted her way through and not only survived, but thrived.
"You can always find an excuse," she said. "For the longest time, I didn't have a life, I didn't have a source of hope. But I had a choice. You can choose to get your GED. You can choose to get out of bed today. If you don't kill yourself today, that's a choice."
She had to teach herself how to study. She took 24 credit hours of remedial classes just to get on a par with the rest of the incoming freshmen. She racked up A after A in class after class. In her entire college career, Kaitlen has earned only one B — when she passed her first chemistry class.
She's the student who asks the good questions in class, listens carefully to the answers and then absolutely ruins the grading curve.
"She loves the learning, and she's willing to work hard," said biology professor Gore Ervin, who remembers her performance in one of his embryology classes, where she was not only the top student in the class, but a full letter grade ahead of anyone else. "She clearly has great innate ability. … I'd put her in the top five of all the students I've ever taught."
On top of the staggering 23-hour course load she carried in her final semester as an undergraduate, Howell volunteers her time to anyone who needs it. She tutors, and she works with AIDS patients, with teens in foster care preparing to start college, with victims of domestic violence.
'I had to start fighting'
Howell spent a lonely, dangerous childhood reading her way through every book she could find. She read To Kill a Mockingbird in first grade. She read The Lord of the Rings. She read the Hardy Boys. She dreamed of turning 18 and earning her freedom. As things turned out, she didn't have that much time.
"There came a point where my life was literally in danger. I realized that I was going to die if I stayed there," she said. "I realized I had to start fighting if I wanted to live."
She was 15 years old when she escaped the abuse and neglect of that home, into the foster-care system and the winding route that would eventually cross her path with Allen and Melanie Howell of Murfreesboro.
It was 2005 when a friend at church first introduced Kaitlen to the Howells, a 40ish professional couple with no children of their own.
Countless older teens age out of the foster-care system without ever finding a family.
Kaitlen's wait had ended.
"I don't remember ever having a big discussion about it. As soon as we met her, we knew," said Melanie Howell, an interior decorator who stepped up to become a first-time mother to a 17-year-old girl. The Lord, she said, had spoken with her about caring for the widows and orphans, and one day, there she was — "like the stork had delivered us a 17-year-old." For Kaitlen, the experience of joining a real family was almost as disorienting as the leap from first grade to the college chemistry lab.
"The family thing was hard for me. I didn't know how long it was going to last," Kaitlen said. Over the years, a few of her many foster families had talked about adopting her, but nothing ever came of it, and each disappointment made an already untrusting young girl even more wary. "It hardened my heart. I just thought people make promises and don't keep them."
It took years for her to believe the Howells weren't going to change their minds about her. It was last year, in fact, that she really started to believe it.
Now, while her friends are rushing to find off-campus housing, eager to live on their own, Kaitlen still lives happily with her parents. She'd never stayed anywhere longer than two years at a time, and when she passed that mark with the Howells, she said, she celebrated.
'I picked who I am'
There's plenty of reason to celebrate these days. The Fulbright has produced more Nobel Prize winners than any other academic honor, and hers will pay her way to Germany, to the West Saxon University of Zwickau, in fall 2011. There she will be part of the research team looking into a possible link between a small congenital defect that affects a quarter of the population — a tiny hole between the atria of the heart that fails to close in the womb, as it should — and an increased risk of stroke.
She wants to help people, so she's planning to earn an M.D. She wants to help a lot of people, so she figures she'll pursue a dual Ph.D. at the same time and become a medical researcher.
A physician can help only the people she can reach with her hands, she figures. A researcher can find a treatment or cure that could save millions of lives at once.
But of all the things she's proud of in her new life — and she's been averaging three academic awards ceremonies a week for the past few weeks — she's most proud of this: her name. She took the Howell name and she gave herself a new first name to go with it. Kaitlen Howell is who she has made herself to be.
"Here's my life theory. Everything has good and bad. You walk through life and there's evil and there's dark, but you can choose to walk through life in the bright times, through the colors," she said. "I decided I was going to pick what I would let affect me.
"I like who I am. I picked who I am. I picked the whole rainbow."
Filed under: Birth Parents, Child Protective Services, Foster Care, Foster Care Reform, Foster Kids, Foster Parents, Uncategorized |


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When Refinancing Your Home Mortgage May Not Be The Answer
James O'Brien is a mortgage industry professional writing articles about home mortgage loan topics. Please visit the Refinance ToolBox.com for refinance calculator access and to learn more about home loan options along with all the nuts and bolts of mortgage refinancing.
The way a VA refinance works is you get a new loan to pay off your existing mortgage. The VA refinance program requires that you take the new mortgage for the new VA mortgage for the same home and that the home serve as your primary residence. VA loans are only given for home residences.
Sam and Ben have a house loan of $300,000 with a present rate of interest of 7.87% ($2,290 per month). They pay $5 per 30 days account charges ($60 each year). So, for a 12 month period their costs are $27,540. The exit fee on their current loan is $600.
Equity Home Refinance generates while offering house loan directs who lending. This is not simply a empty declare upon a lot of our spot. Rather than a part of the competition, Collateral residential refinance displays and appends methodical mortgage loan data files at every head that individuals hit, to assist you financing.
If your son for instance is planning to go to college and even if he will receive educational financial support and scholarships, you may have to help him financially for the next four years. You can therefore compare the specific terms and rates for student loans with a Texas cash out refinance option and check if you can make some extra savings. One of the best things with mortgage refinancing is that taxes are already deducted in the interest. Another scenario may be that soon after you purchased a one bedroom and one bathroom house you have to find a bigger home to settle in with your family and have kids. If you still have a mortgage to pay, real estate agents will probably have a hard time trying to sell your property. Because of that, you may pay your existing mortgage using Texas cash out refinance funds. This way you can gain your money back as soon as that property is sold.
You must have obtained the mortgage no later than Jan. 1, 2009, and you don't owe more than $729,750 on your primary residence or a single-unit rental, $934,200 on a two-unit rental, $1,129,250 on a three-unit rental, or $1,403,400 on a four-unit rental. Also, the property cannot have been condemned.
The answer is yes and no. Yes, there are legitimate ways for FHA borrowers to lower their mortgage payments, without increasing their loan balances and without upfront cash. No, all programs that say no-closing-cost mortgages are not truly no-cost. The majority make it sound free, but actually charge upfront fees and add the fees to borrowers' loan balances. How does this happen? Most borrowers do not understand the specific meanings of various mortgage terms and unknowingly misinterpret what they hear or read.


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Notable Canadian Materials
An Overview of 1986 in Canadian
Children's Literature
My task here is to briefly present an overview of the year 1986 in Canadian children's book publishing and audiovisual production and thereby to create a context for the more specific discussions that will follow in the next few issues. And 1986 is a good year, because, from every point of view, the year was a very successful one in Canada for children's books and films.
1986 marks the end of a decade that has seen the great expansion of the children's book publishing industry in Canada. At the beginning of the 1970s, things looked very gloomy for Canadian children's literature. Indeed, the publishing industry as a whole seemed to be in trouble, its depressed state symbolized by the sale of Ryerson Press to an American company. The number of books published tells the story of these years. From the 1950s to the end of the 1960s, thirty to forty children's books were all that were published annually. For 1986, we are looking at a figure of about two hundred.
The circumstances that led to the dramatic rise not only in the quantity, but also the quality of Canadian children's literature from 1976 to 1986 have been outlined elsewhere many times. In the early years of the 70s, rising Canadian nationalism, the first small alternative presses for children's books, the opening of the Children's Bookstore in Toronto the first international children's literature conferences to be held in Canada, and the establishment of the Children's Book Centre all contributed to publishing momentum. Since then with many ups and downs along the way, we have now reached the point in Canada where our children's literature, at its best, has the style and originality in writing, illustration, and book design to compete anywhere on the international scene.
And it is a sign of the improvement in the quality of Canadian children's literature and the growing sophistication of those who publish it that these books are now becoming known to an international audience. This is being achieved by major co-production agreements among Canadian, U.S., and British publishing houses and the sales of rights to Canadian children's books being made by publishers at such international events as the Bologna and Frankfurt book fairs.
The improving quality of Canadian children's publishing has also been recognized in the last few years in another way: the growth of awards for books for children. There are now added to the earlier awards such as the Canadian Library Association's Book of the Year Award, the Amelia Frances Howard-Gibbon Award, and the Canada Council Children's Literature Prizes, such awards as the Young Adult Canadian Book Award sponsored by the Young Adult Caucus of the Saskatchewan Library Association, the Elizabeth Cleaver Picture Book Award, Groundwood Books's International Children's Fiction Contest, and the National Chapter IODE Award. The growing body of committed Canadian children's authors and illustrators are, in this way, now more and more receiving the recognition they deserve.
Kathy Lowinger, Executive Director of the Children's Book Centre, writing in the Spring 1987 issue of School Libraries in Canada, describes 1986 as a bumper one for fine Canadian novels, both for children and young adults. She mentions Monica Hughes's Blaine's Way, Janet Lunn's Shadow in Hawthorn Bay, Karleen Bradford's The Nine Days Queen, and Sarah Ellis's The Baby Project as being particularly outstanding examples. All of these have been chosen for discussion.
In the area of illustrated and picture books, we are also looking at a particularly fine year. Eighteen of these books published in 1986 met the standards required to be considered for the Amelia Frances Howard-Gibbon Award. The flourishing state of illustrated books in this country is all the more dramatic, as it is in this area that most pessimism was felt in the past. Today, to quote Judi Saltman from her new work, Modern Canadian Children's Books, "the picture-book genre is the fastest growing, most aggressively marketed, and most vital sector of the industry in Canada."
Children and young adult non-fiction tends not to receive the same kind of critical attention that picture books and works of fiction do. Over the last three to four years, however, Canadian non-fiction has increasingly shown variety of content and a high calibre of writing, as well as an over-all quality of book design. The 1986 non-fiction year was no exception to this trend, and the material published is equal in quality to anything produced in recent years.
But this series of articles is not being devoted only to books for children and young adults. Audio-visual notables will also be featured. Canada has become what Virginia Davis described at the Canadian Images Conference last year as a world leader in not only creating stories that capture children's imaginations, but also in producing equally skillful interpretations of these (and other) tales in other media. We have had the National Film Board and TVOntario with us for some time, but more recently the independent film companies, such as the outstanding Atlantis Films, have begun to contribute original and technically excellent films to the repertoire for children and young adults.
1986 was not, however, only an especially good year for children's publishing and media production. It was also marked by other events that highlighted children's publishing m this country.
The first of these was the tenth anniversary of the Children's Book Centre, which was established to promote the reading and writing of Canadian children's books. Over the years, the Centre has provided reference services, maintained a complete collection of Canadian children's books, produced print and audio-visual materials on books, authors and illustrators, given courses for writers, and organized its annual National Festival.
Another major event during the year was the Canadian Images Canadiennes Conference, sponsored by the Manitoba School Library Audio Visual Association, which was held in Winnipeg in October. Billed as a conference on Canadian children's and young adult literature, the word that became the catchword for the three-day event was "celebration." The word was used constantly, not only in the conference literature, but by speakers and audiences alike, because there really was an atmosphere of celebration among the five hundred people who attended. No one was downplaying the problems that Canadian children's publishing faces, but there was a feeling that children's and young adult literature had come of age and all the dire predictions of the 1960s and early 70s had finally and unequivocably been proven wrong. It had been a decade since the first children's literature conferences in Canada, of which Canadian children's literature had formed just a small part. Now Canadian children's books and their authors and illustrators over-filled three action packed days of story, song, and that word again,"celebration."
I hope I have given you some idea of the year 1986 into the context of which you can place the discussion of the notables each contributor has chosen. I am sure you will find that my personal enthusiasm about the year in publishing has not been misfounded as you read the discussions of each person's own choice of notables.
1971-1979 | 1980-1985 | 1986-1990 | 1991-1995
The materials in this archive are copyright © The Manitoba Library Association. Reproduction for personal use is permitted only if this copyright notice is maintained. Any other reproduction is prohibited without permission.
Digital Collections / Collections Numérisees


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Spam is almost at every corner of the web, and there's probably no means of completely getting rid of this problem. However, we need to keep an eye out, especially now since spammers are tricking web users to click on a fake Google.com link.
How To Spot Fake Google Site
No one should be surprised when they come across a spam website that tries to mimic the URL of the real thing, but this one is different because it came close. Internet users should be warned that this particular Google URL looks almost exactly the same. You see, we know the G in Google to be capitalized, and so is the G found on the fake one. However, this is a smaller capitalized G (ɢoogle).
Analytics Edge were the first to come across with this problem via its Google Analytics page. We decided to brave it and visited this strange website to see what's up. We can say for certain that this is not the real Google homepage; in fact, it looks nothing like it.
Donald Trump won the U.S. presidential election, so of course there's a note saying "Trump You Did It" and another praising Americans who voted Mr. Trump. Chances are, if Hillary Clinton had won, we'd be seeing the same thing because spammers jump on anything that is popular, so we won't view this as politically affiliated.
The page also has links to Google Analytics, Google Adwords, Amazon, Yahoo, and more. We wouldn't recommend clicking on these links because there's a good chance something bad could happen.
Some of the other links includes computer programs for download, tech websites and much more. These guys clearly thought of this, and will likely trick anyone who is not computer literate.
Now, as for the link itself, clicking on it brought us to this URL:
That's a long one, isn't it? Clear sign that this is a spam link rather than something that won't cause the user any form of harm.
What About That Weird ɢ?
It's not a G, in fact, it's a special character, Unicode 0262 to be exact. Now, it's part of a URL because international characters can now be added to domain names. Apparently, this was done to allow people to create domains in their native language, so not a bad idea. However, good ideas are usually used in bad ways at times.
We might come across a large increase in phishing until the public at large realizes what's going on. For now, we can only hope the public catches on quite fast before lasting damages are made.


text:
- Research article
- Open Access
Effect of Zofenopril on regeneration of sciatic nerve crush injury in a rat model
© Kalender et al. 2009
- Received: 22 April 2009
- Accepted: 09 June 2009
- Published: 09 June 2009
Zofenopril is an antioxidant agent which has been shown to have beneficial effects in hypertension and heart failure. The aim of this study was to test the effects of Zofenopril on nerve regeneration and scarring in a rat model of peripheral nerve crush injury.
Twenty-one adult Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a surgical procedure involving right sciatic nerve crush injury. 15 mg/kg Zofenopril was administered orally to seven rats in group Z for seven days. Seven rats in group S received saline orally for seven days. Seven rats in the control group C received no drug after crush injury. Fourteenth and 42nd days after injury, functional and electromyography assessments of nerves were performed. Functional recovery was analyzed using a walking track assessment, and quantified using the sciatic functional index (SFI). After these evaluations, all rats were sacrificed and microscopic evaluations were performed.
The Sciatic functional Index (SFI) in group Z on 14th day is different significantly from group S and group C (p = 0.037). But on 42nd day there was no difference between groups (p = 0.278). The statistical analyses of electromyelographic (EMG) studies showed that the latency in group Z is significantly different from group S (p = 0.006) and group C (p = 0.045). But on 42nd day there was no difference between groups like SFI (p = 0.147). The amplitude was evaluated better in group Z than others (p < 0.05). In microscopic evaluation, we observed the highest number of nerve regeneration in the group Z and the lowest in the group C. But it was not significant statistically.
Our results demonstrate that Zofenopril promotes the regeneration of peripheral nerve injuries in rat models.
Nerve injuries in extremity surgery occur usually by crush or tension type rather than incision or rupture. Orthopedic surgeons strive these type problems while treating long bone fracture and some times after surgical operations. Demyelinization and remyelinization, axonal degeneration and regeneration, focal, multifocal or diffuse nerve fiber loss and endoneural edema may be encountered due to crush injury [1–3]. It is also known that free oxygen radicals increase and cause tissue damage due to the tissue destruction after the injury [3, 4].
There is an extensive degeneration of the distal segment, known as Wallerian Degeneration after an axonal lesion [1]. The proximal stump that is connected to the cell body can regenerate to reinnervate the target organs especially in the peripheral nervous system. Although this process is often facilitated by a permissive environment in the periphery, some factors can impede normal return to function, such as the distance from injury site, metabolic disturbances, age and type of lesion [5–8]. Experimentally, a lot of medications were used in rat crush injury models such as steroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and vitamins [9–11]. Some antioxidants such as Acetyl-L carnitine (ALCAR), FK506, polyethylene glycol (PEG) are used experimentally in treatment of nerve crush injuries [12–14].
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are drugs with different structures and activities used to treat heart failure and hypertension [15]. Zofenopril and captopril are the only ACE inhibitors with sulphydryl groups (SH) and consequent potential antioxidant activity [16]. This activity may contribute to the notable cardio- and endothelium protective effects of Zofenopril [17].
In this study, we have evaluated the effect of Zofenopril on functional recovery following sciatic nerve crush injury in rats.
The experimental protocols have been reviewed and approved by our University Animal Care and Ethic Committee. All efforts were made to minimize the number of animals used and their distress. 21 adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250–275 g underwent unilateral (right) sciatic nerve crush. Test animals in group Z received Zofenopril (15 mg/kg/day for 7 days) (n = 7), group S received normal saline for 7 days following surgery (n = 7), and group C control animals (n = 7). The animals were kept in standard room conditions and fed with standard rat diet and water ad libitum.
All of the operations were performed under the microscope by same surgeon. The right lateral thigh was operated, after shaving and preparing the skin with 10% povidone iodine. The sciatic nerve was exposed by opening the fascial plane between the gluteal and femoral musculature via a longitudinal incision. Under kethamine anesthesia, the sciatic nerve of 21 rats was exposed at mid-thigh level and either crushed for 30 seconds with a pair of jewelers forceps (n = 16). The wound was sutured in layers and the animals were allowed to recover.
At 2nd and 6th weeks, all animals were evaluated for sciatic functional index (SFI) by walking tract analysis (WTA) and electromyelography (EMG).
At 6 weeks after the evaluation, in order to confirm the nerve recovery, all animals were euthanatized by cervical dislocation. A 10-mm-long sample of the right sciatic nerve segment centered to the lesion was removed, fixed, and prepared for light and electron microscopic examination. From seven random of these rats, a 10-mm-long sample of the left sciatic nerve segment without any injury was removed, fixed, and prepared for histopathological examination and histomorphometry of myelinated nerve fibers.
Walking tract analysis
Where ETS is the experimental toe spread, NTS the normal toe spread, EPL the experimental paw length, and NPL is the normal paw length.
Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV)
At the 14th and 42nd days after crush injury, the MNCV studies were performed under general anesthesia, and were carried out with a Neuromatic 2000 M/C Neuro-Myograph (Dantec Elektronic Medicinsk Og Videnskabeligt Maleudstyr A/S, Skovlunde, Denmark). The sciatic nerve was percutaneously stimulated with supramaximal stimulus intensity through monopolar needle electrodes, proximal to the injury site at the level of the sciatic notch, and distal to the lesion at the level of the ankle. Square wave stimulus pulses of 500 μsec in duration were delivered at 1 Hz. Recorded signals were amplified with an alternating current-coupled preamplifier with filters at 1 Hz and 10 KHz. The latency of the evoked muscle action potentials were recorded from the intrinsic foot muscles with surface electrodes. Finally, the distance between the two sets of stimulating electrodes was measured on the skin with a ruler to the nearest 1 mm, and the conduction velocity was calculated. Both experimental (right) and normal (left) nerves were measured.
Morphological analysis
The crushed sciatic nerves were immersed immediately just after sacrification in a drop of fixation solution, containing freshly prepared, ice cold 4% paraformaldehyde for an hour. Then, they were incubated at 0.5% saccharose solution in PBS buffer overnight. and embedded on cryomatrix (Shandon). 10 μm thick transverse frozen sections were cut using a cryomicrotome (Leica, CM1900). Sections were kept in a humidified chamber with wet gauze. 10 μL blocks solution, including 0.1% triton-X, was added to each section. Panaxonal marker NE 14 (anti-nfh antibody) is used for immunhistochemical staining as primary and anti Mouse IgG 488 antibody as secondary. Macroscopical nerve evaluation has been performed according to regenerated axon number by immunoflourescent technique. The sections were analyzed using confocal microscope (Zeiss LSM 510 Meta). Crushed, proximal and distal to crushed area of the sciatic nerve were sectioned two times and the averages used for evaluation. They were compared for immunoreactivity with image analysis. Staining intensity of the crushed, proximal, distal regions were recorded as percentile. Each group of experimental rats analyzed statistically.
Statistical Analysis
The data were expressed as means ± SD. Distributions of the data of the groups were assessed with one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z test and were found normal (P > 0.05). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on the data to examine differences among groups. If a significant group effect was found, a Tukey HSD test was used to identify the location of differences between groups. A p value less than 0.05 was statistically significant. Independent Student t test was used to compare EMG values of intact extremity and operated extremity.
Walking-track analysis
EMG results for 2nd week, *: Group Z is significantly different.
Zofenopril (Group Z) (n = 7)
Saline (Group S)
(n = 7)
Control (Group C) (n = 7)
SFI (mean ± sd, range)
-12.84 ± 2.86
[(-16.92) – (-8.62)]
-22.88 ± 5.03*
-23.02 ± 10.53*
Latency (msec, mean ± sd, range)
1.51 ± 0.28
2.08 ± 0.23*
1.90 ± 0.36*
Amplitude (mV, mean ± sd, range)
8.77 ± 2.08
5.12 ± 1.39*
4.94 ± 1.34*
< 0.001
EMG results for 6th week,
Zofenopril (Group Z) (n = 7)
Saline (Group S)
(n = 7)
Control (Group C) (n = 7)
SFI (mean ± sd, range)
-7.19 ± 2.38
[(-12.28) – (-5.67)]
-9.50 ± 3.35
-12.20 ± 8.90
Latency (msec, mean ± sd, range)
1.33 ± 0.23
1.70 ± 0.31
1.60 ± 0.46
Amplitude (mV, mean ± sd, range)
12.61 ± 2.69
11.03 ± 3.52
10.31 ± 2.88
The EMG studies of the Subjects on the 14th day showed that right sciatic nerve has a severe injury according to left (intact) side that is statistically different (paired t test) (T = -3.31 P = 0.016).
Morphological analysis results
Severe anatomical and functional disorders can be seen after peripheral nerve injury. This type of injury frequency is increasing with technology in industrialized societies. Nerve injuries in extremity represent usually by crush or tension type rather than incision or rupture in surgery or trauma. Spontaneous regeneration through the distal nerve stump with good functional return can be expected after this type of injury [20, 21]. This type of nerve injuries are treated pharmacological agents instead of surgery.
For this purpose, many pharmacological agents are tried experimentally and successful results were reported [9–14]. However, these studies did not go beyond the experimental studies. The healing process after nerve injury is reduced mainly free oxygen radicals rather than inflammation and edema [2]. Therefore, in recent years many researchers started to stand on the antioxidant mechanism. Antioxidant materials contribute nerve regeneration via free oxygen radicals scavenging effect [22]. Antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase and GSH-Px are found in mammalian organisms and protect cells from toxic effects of free radicals. While free radicals production, lipid peroxidation develops on cell membrane and this can lead to final cell death. The protective antioxidant enzyme activity increases in response to free radical formation. There are many experimental studies available showing free radicals production and importance of lipid peroxidation on cell membrane injury in nervous system injuries. Free radicals induced traumatic cell damage is basic mechanism of cell death. Nevertheless, catalase and GSH-Px traumatic damage such as the FOR cleaners provide partial improvement. [23]
Studies using the photo-oxidation of riboflavin sensitized by dianisidine to generate active oxygen species have clearly defined the remarkable difference in the antioxidant action of SH-containing compared with non-SH-containing, ACE inhibitors [24]. The SH-containing, ACE inhibitors zofenopril, captopril, epicaptopril (the stereoisomer of captopril, which is devoid of ACE inhibitory properties) and fentiapril were found to be effective scavengers of non-superoxide free radicals, while four non-SH-containing ACE inhibitors were inactive. The protective effects from free radical-induced cell damage of SH-containing ACE inhibitors have also been assessed in cultured endothelial cells exposed to a superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical generating system [25]. Pre-incubation of the cells with captopril, epicaptopril or zofenopril produced a concentration dependent (10 – 200 μM) inhibition of malonyldialdehyde formation. Both loss of cell viability and membrane blebbing were reduced by SH-containing ACE inhibitors at concentrations as low as 10 μM. In contrast, lisinopril and enalaprilat were ineffective at concentrations up to 200 μM.
Because of known antioxidant and free oxygen radicals scavenging effect of Zofenopril; it is used in experimental studies on ischemia-reperfusion damages in brain, kidney, heart and liver tissue [26, 27].
It has higher lipophilic effect than other ACE inhibitors with the long-term tissue penetration features tissue. Thus the long duration of effect is provided. In this way, and vascular tissue ACE myocardium and other drugs inhibition effects last much longer and has been shown to be effective [16].
Sunderland second-degree injury or axonotmesis means a breakdown of the axon and distal Wallerian degeneration but keeping of the continuity of the endoneural sheath. Spontaneous regeneration through the distal nerve stump with good functional return can be expected after this type of injury [20, 21]. As the restored pattern of innervations is identical to the original, the study of this nerve lesion provides a good model for establishing the ontogeny of functional nerve recovery.
Electrophysiological, morphological and histologic studies were used for evaluation of experimental peripheric nerve regeneration [1–5]. But none of them was enough to determine the nerve recovery. Medinacelli at al. reported walking gait analysis for rat sciatic nerve. Later this method is modified and named as sciatic functional index [3].
The SFI increased and normal values were achieved at week 7 after sciatic nerve injury. Several authors reported nearly same results whose studies have also shown normal walking patterns only after the first month of post crush [28, 29]. In contrast to these experiments, some authors reported a full recovery at the third and fourth weeks [30]. The difference in the rate of motor functional recovery may relate to the pathophysiologic response of peripheral nerves to the magnitude of different crushing loads [31].
In this study, the SFI in Zofenopril group was significantly higher than other groups in 2nd week. We believe that this medication accelerates nerve crush injury healing in rats. Our findings in SFI and EMG studies in 2nd week support this improvement. In the second week after injury and the EMG test results done in six weeks on the morphological analysis results support these findings.
As a result, Zofenopril has been found effective in promoting nerve regeneration in sciatic nerve crush injury rat model. These molecules can be used also for the human injured nerve but additional work is needed.
The authors are grateful to Murat OZDEMIR, Ali CETINKAYA and Temel TOMBUL for the excellent artwork and their technical support.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


text:
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"Fretting about implementation challenges before assessing decarbonisation potential is putting the cart before the horse"
If I asked you: should we get the train or drive? Take the motorway or the B-roads? Will the traffic be bad? You'd probably reply: well, where is it you're going exactly?
Because trying to plan a journey without an idea of destination is doomed to fail. Yet that's precisely where we've found ourselves in the debate around decarbonising heat in the UK.
2050 is only 32 years away, by which time we need 100 per cent, total decarbonisation of heat to meet our legally and morally binding climate commitments. The two frontrunner "big ideas" are electrification and greening the gas network with hydrogen. But we've jumped immediately to squabbles about costs and technical challenges. We're fretting about traffic and lane closures before deciding where we're headed.
Step one is to figure out which option offers the most credible path to complete decarbonisation (with immediate effect). Step two is to address the challenges. Who picks where they're going because the roads are clear?
The cart pulling the horse
Fretting about implementation challenges before assessing decarbonisation potential is putting the cart before the horse. How can we reverse that?
First, we need to ask which technologies can deliver truly zero carbon heat? Secondly, which can start to do so now? To the first, we can answer electrified heat or electrolysis-generated hydrogen powered by zero-carbon generation.
To the second though, the only answer is electrification, where technologies such as air and ground source heat pumps are consistently improving. They rely on electricity to generate heat – recognisably the one area where we have achieved significant success in decarbonisation. Average grid carbon intensity stood at an estimated 254 tonnes of carbon emitted per GWh produced by 2016, down from 456 in 2010.
Electrolysis, by contrast, is at least a generation away at a commercially viable scale. Nor will it appear spontaneously once the technology is ready: most likely it will only take off if there is already an extensive hydrogen network, meaning in the meantime we'd need to rely on steam methane reforming (SMR), which releases carbon which would need to be captured by carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). That technology doesn't currently exist at the required commercial scale either.
We can't wait a generation to start serious decarbonisation of heat; both options could take 20-30 years to see these technologies deployed at the necessary scale.
Rumours of impossibility, greatly exaggerated
So, electrification offers the only currently credible path to zero carbon heating. With that as a starting point – the horse firmly in front of the cart – but now it's time to looks at the challenges.
There is one overarching argument against electrification of heat that is put forward time and time again: that peak heat demand in the UK is roughly six times peak power demand, and that the volume of extra generation required and the strain on the distribution grid makes it unfeasible.
But that "six times" argument doesn't stack up.
First, the UK has been lazy in controlling heat. Cheap, plentiful North Sea gas has seen the UK trundle along with some of the most inefficient building stock in Europe. There are big, easy wins to be had by tightening building regulations to make our homes and businesses less wasteful.
Then, look at the opportunity presented by smart heating controls such as Hive and Nest. These will help to reduce peak demand and, coupled with better insulated homes, we could see that "six times" gap start to narrow pretty quickly.
Having reduced heating demand, we can start to think about how electrification fares at meeting what remains. Usually we use gas demand as a proxy, so interlinked they are. But gas is never 100 per cent efficient, there is always wasted energy. So, we may well find that final energy demand is a little less dramatic than we think.
Second, electrification and thermal storage technologies open up possibilities to time-shift demand, smoothing the "six times" peaks. This could be as simple as filling a hot water tank when power is plentiful overnight, or as advanced as using geo-exchange to store heat in the ground over summer to be used in winter.
So, let's start right now by getting a better understanding of actual heat demand and reducing it – that first part of the journey is the same regardless of the destination. Then let's get clear about where we're headed and start planning how to get there – not the other way around. It's clear to me that electrification is the most viable route to truly zero-carbon heat and has the advantage that we have the proven technology to start right now.
There are legitimate challenges – notably around the peakiness argument – but they have been shown to be overblown. In any case though, we need to detangle our thinking and start making decisions now. Climate change won't wait. So, where to?