text:
Shop our distinctive assortment of marriage ceremony decorations which are stunning, affordable and fit every marriage ceremony theme and colour. Although a marriage is absolutely concerning the ceremony, for a lot of of your company, the true wedding begins on the reception (i.e. meals + dancing + open bar = severe enjoyable). Monochromatic vases and blossoms make for a clean, elegant look that's good for a church marriage ceremony. Now that your massive day is coming nearer, it is time to make the dream a reality and get the wedding reception decorations looking magical. And these lights could make an attractive addition to any wedding reception venue !
Scatter personalised wedding ceremony decorations with names and dates on a desk to double as favours children and adults alike would like to pocket and take home. Simple marriage ceremony decorations can be as straightforward as repurposing glassware and adding a garnish. Secret Garden Wedding Decorations specialises in Garden / Beach or outdoor wedding ceremonies, Wedding Reception Decorations and Flowers in Sydney. It is probably going that a wedding is the one time I would ever want so many glasses or chairs at one. Table skirts assist the general effect of dressing a hall to carry your marriage ceremony dream to life. Sure, desserts are basic wedding desserts, however fluffy pink donuts are a unique choice that look even better when stacked on metal cake stands.
Be a DIY bride and make them your self, or print your favorite ideas to take to your florist for inspiration. Through our online store we supply an ever-increasing vary of unique party decorations you can assemble the best way you need, to depart a lasting impression on your friends. Carolyn at A Flamingo Surprise was very useful and easy to take care of throughout the whole course of of selecting decorations for our reception. This is a very inexpensive theme for the bride and groom as a result of the friends themselves will be the foremost decorations. Mr Hobson is for the couple who's after a Wedding Venue in Port Melbourne that provides a bit greater than a room and catering. A canopy provides top to your marriage ceremony venue and will help orient your entire room by drawing the eye along its graceful swoops and swashes.
Wedding planning will be expensive, but with Majestic DIY, you can get the personalized look you crave at a fraction of the fee. Ranging from cute bunting to cake stand thrones you might be assured to search out the finest choice of decorations to adorn your day simply how you need it. The dialog will stream as marriage ceremony visitors admire images of the bride and groom tucked inside a clear vase or candleholder. At Stumps, you'll be able to even fun funds friendly marriage ceremony background supplies that create a luxurious really feel at a reduction worth. Make even the simplest centerpieces stand out with a little bit washi tape, like wedding designer Michelle Edgemont did here.
You have the wedding decorations picked out, the reception location chosen and, after all, your soon-to-be spouse able to say I do and marry you. Your guests got all dolled-up, so let them have their own photo op. This DIY photo booth will save you a bundle, no leases required. For a traditional marriage ceremony theme our Vintage Bordeaux assortment brings a touch of vintage magnificence.


text:
Pedro Teixeira, Phd
Co-founder and CEO
Vanderbilt PhD, MD candidate with extensive natural language processing and machine learning experience: consulting, multiple first author publications, and 1st place winner of IBM's The Great Mind Challenge.
Michael Poku, MD, MBA
Co-founder and CMO
Vanderbilt MD, Harvard MBA with experiences with HCA, McKinsey, healthcare VC/PE. Current medical director of a healthcare services nonprofit. Internal medicine resident at Johns Hopkins.
Ravi Atreya, Phd
Co-founder and CTO
Vanderbilt PhD, MD candidate - expertise in learning paths of care from clinical data; applied mined insights to develop pathway visualization platform to support patient care and research.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Good things, small packages, small bites
Spring Fashion
Written by cjhammon in Life in Yesterday's Clothes
No tags :(
Share it
My boss astonished me with the gift of this groovy hat box for my birthday. I was so excited over the box (see how it matches our masthead!) that I couldn't imagine anything more. She had to coax me to look inside where I found this showy 1940s vintage hat, which is worn asymmetrically over one cheek. The bonus was a 1950s fluffy acrylic sweater with crochet trim. She had been shopping vintage while she was on vacation! Thanks to a little help from my friends, I'm staying on the Slow Clothes bandwagon: no new stuff unless I make it, thrift it, or receive it as a gift. And in this case, the gift was spectacularly vintage!
It's true. Good things come in small packages. And similarly, big things come in small bites. One of my friends recently won a contest at work for achieving the greatest weight loss over several weeks. There wasn't a single week when she had lost the most weight, yet she still took the overall prize. While others were taking off several pounds at a time, she was only losing a pound or two each week. Week after week, it all added up and she won.
When we have a goal, we all tend to work feverishly to reach it in big broad strokes. Maybe we've got it all wrong. What would you like to accomplish in tiny little bites over the next year? Share it here! We'd love to know. Happy Thanksgiving to all!
Life is short. Wear the good stuff.


text:
"a drop-in replacement for the original AsciiDoc Python processor (...) Asciidoctor recognizes additional markup and formatting options, such as font-based icons (e.g., icon:fire[]) and UI elements (e.g., button:[Save]). Asciidoctor also offers a modern, responsive theme based on Foundation to style the HTML5 output."
"a fast markdown processor for writing professional articles, books, manuals, webpages and presentations, with a focus on simplicity and plain text readability."
"Make a slideshow with Markdown in minutes"
"converts Microsoft Office and PDF documents to HTML5 so your users can view and collaborate right in your web app", plus annotation, note taking, collaboration and sharing
Compatibility tables for support of HTML5, CSS3, SVG and more in desktop and mobile browsers
Upload files using HTML5 Gears, Silverlight, Flash, BrowserPlus or normal forms ... features ... upload progress, image resizing and chunked uploads.


text:
The JCU Townsville Fire are the two-time reigning WNBL champions.
With the largest membership and fan base in the WNBL, the Fire offer an exciting game day experience including interaction through their giant LED TV screens.
Grandstand tickets are just $20 for adults, $13 for concession holders and $11.50 for children.
Tickets to the JCU Townsville Fire's home games can be purchased through The Ticket Shop.
Fire fans can purchase their tickets through either of The Ticket Shop's two locations – The Civic Theatre, South Townsville or the Riverway Arts Centre – by phoning (07) 4727 9797 in normal business hours or online.
Tickets are also available at the door from 90 minutes before each game at Townsville Stadium.
Mike Carney Toyota Carpool Karaoke
JCU Townsville Fire championship heroes Darcee Garbin and Rachael McCully are behind the wheel – and the mic – thanks to Mike Carney Toyota.
At each home game, a new film clip is shown at Townsville Stadium including some special guest stars.
As singers they make very good basketball players.
Allure Hotel & Apartments Shot Clock Challenge
The Allure Hotel & Apartments Shot Clock Challenge is staged at every home game at Townsville Stadium.
Each week, a lucky member from the crowd gets to go up against the Fire player to register more free throws than their opponent.
To make things fair, we've placed some obstacles for the Fire stars.
Dad Jokes
JCU Townsville Fire stars battle it out in each week in Dad Jokes.
The aim of the game is to make your opponent laugh with the winner the player with the least amount of points!
JCU Fire Dancers
The JCU Fire Dancers are the WNBL's favourite cheerleading squad.
Each game, the JCU Fire Dancers, who are trained at Townsville Dance and Cheerleading, delight the crowd with their American-style routines.
Watch them reach the highest of highs!


text:
Journey Experience - Rothesay, NB with Skip Lackey
With Skip Lackey
The Journey Experience is a two-day workshop that many participants describe as the most transformational experience of their lives. You will be fully immersed in this truly experiential workshop with innovative teaching stories, meditations, engaging practical group interaction and one to one process work. All of these experiences will help to create a unique seminar which enables you to tap into your body's infinite wisdom - facilitating profound transformative results in yourself – instantly and effortlessly - in incredible ways.
In just two days of powerful training—you'll experience first hand the benefits of clearing out stored issues, letting go of old stories and emotional baggage and working in privacy with a partner of your own choosing.
Adding on Advanced Skills Day: This day is for anyone who wants to take Journey work to the next level. Please note that we have a special package price should you choose to experience more than the two-day Journey Experience seminar by adding on The Advanced Skills Day. The Journey Experience with Advanced Skills
Price: $395 Early Bird ends January 16th, 2019 $50 OFF
Please click on the following link or contact our Canadian administrative office at 1 855 625 6876 if you have any questions or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com
Venue: Villa Madonna Rothesay, New Brunswick, Canada (Just outside Saint John)
We have arranged very affordable package rates for the event for sleeping room and food.
When call mention that you are coming for The Journey Experience.
Sue Beale email@example.com
1 506 674 1598


text:
1398: Albert and Elsie Dee
A commission for a podcast listener, always happy to do these!
1376: The Rhino
1368: Rogue and Gambit
A commission for my cool friend Kate, who hooked my daughter up big time. Check out her Gaming streams here:https://www.twitch.tv/katelikesthis
1367: The Wolverine
Got this as a commission, and wanted to try to do a hip, stylish version of Logan's civvies for Laura. I think it came out pretty damn good.
1364: Storm Sketch Cover
A storm sketch cover I did as a display example.
1363: Bronze Age X-Men
1360: More Wolverine
A very special commission for a Patreon supporter for the podcast I co-host.


text:
Here is a a record of my meals October 2014 - January 2015 which I did for fun.
For the images, please visit my instagram page.
2 October 2014: watermelon,…Continue
Added by Gosia on May 29, 2015 at 10:30 — No Comments
Food, people, stories, chatter, laughter.
We hold raw picnics and share fun time together.…Continue
Added by Gosia on January 1, 2014 at 12:00 — No Comments


text:
Manuscript login
Global reach, higher impact
International Journal of Medical Sciences
Int J Biol Sci 2013; 9(8):766-777. doi:10.7150/ijbs.5711
Research Paper
B19, a Novel Monocarbonyl Analogue of Curcumin, Induces Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Apoptosis via Activation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and the Autophagy Signaling Pathway
1. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China;
Background: The unfolded protein response, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis regulate tumor cell fate and have become novel signaling targets for the development of cancer therapeutic drugs. Curcumin has been used to treat several different cancers, including ovarian cancer, in clinical trials and research; however, the role of ER stress and autophagy in the therapeutic effects of curcumin and new curcumin analogues remains unclear.
Methods: Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry with PI/Annexin V-FITC staining. The expression levels of ER stress- and autophagy-related proteins were analyzed by western blotting. The activation of autophagy was detected using immunofluorescence staining.
Results: We demonstrated that B19 induced HO8910 cell apoptosis in a dose-responsive manner. We also determined and that this effect was associated with corresponding increases in a series of key components in the UPR and ER stress-mediated apoptosis pathways, followed by caspase 3 cleavage and activation. We also observed that B19 treatment induced autophagy in HO8910 cells. The inhibition of autophagy using 3-methyladenine (3-MA) increased levels of intracellular misfolded proteins, which enhanced ovarian cancer apoptosis.
Conclusions: Our data indicate that ER stress and autophagy may play a role in the apoptosis that is induced by the curcumin analogue B19 in an epithelial ovarian cancer cell line and that autophagy inhibition can increase curcumin analogue-induced apoptosis by inducing severe ER stress.
Keywords: Curcumin analogues, B19, ovarian cancer, apoptosis, ER stress, autophagy.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC) License. See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.
How to cite this article:
Qu W, Xiao J, Zhang H, Chen Q, Wang Z, Shi H, Gong L, Chen J, Liu Y, Cao R, Lv J. B19, a Novel Monocarbonyl Analogue of Curcumin, Induces Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Apoptosis via Activation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and the Autophagy Signaling Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2013; 9(8):766-777. doi:10.7150/ijbs.5711. Available from http://www.ijbs.com/v09p0766.htm


text:
Ineed help EU server
I have a problem in the game always stop in game and out account me M7TRFxF16 :-*
For the last days, some users have had issues connecting to the EU Server, but they should be fixed now.
Please, can you confirm if you still have problems connecting to the game?
Thank you!
still i have a problem stop in game and out
net me fast only problem in Invoker
Did you changed the router configuration?
Please check this:
You need to have the following ports open:
TCP Ports: 80, 443
UDP Ports: 50000 - 60000
One question, are you able to join a game, and later on you are dropped? or you can't even join start the online match?
I have a problem in game,when i go to play said always 'Connection timed out.Please try again later.'
My ID is efroment EU server
Yep, I'ma too having problems logging in, score not being awarded, etc. Doesn't seem very stable at the minute. I don't have a problem on psn any other times.
Good morning!! Bacdar Please fix the problem !! I play 1 game after you can not again !!
Sorry for the late response, we suffered some server issues last days.
This should be fixed now. Please, could you confirm me if all is working ok now?
Np for late responce.Its ok now
We need new avatars!!


text:
In the winter of 1997 three high school buddies, Shane Ziegler, Jose Hernandez, and Max Sparwasser, were roasting oysters over a cedar fire on Capers Island when the three of them came up with the idea of forming Barrier Island Eco Tours. The 23 year olds had spent much of their youth boating the tidal creeks of the Charleston area fishing, shrimping, crabbing, and exploring the undeveloped barrier islands. They felt that visitors to Charleston were missing out on the best part of the lowcountry, its undeveloped barrier islands and back creek salt marshes. They wanted to expose people to Capers Island and its surrounding salt marsh ecosystem, but in an informative way so guests left with a greater respect and appreciation of this remarkably unspoiled place.
In the summer of 1997, after receiving permission from the SCDNR to take visitors to Capers Island, Hernandez and Ziegler began business taking educational nature tours to Capers on a 6 passenger boat. In 1998 they bought the Callinectes, a Coast Guard Certified 40 passenger tour boat. The Barrier Island EcoTour excursion boats now include two 49 passenger pontoon boats (a 16 passenger Carolina Skiff , and the 6 passenger bay boat.
Barrier Island EcoTours is now owned and managed by Shane and his wife Morgan. The business is supported by an incredible staff of naturalists and captains in which many have been employed for near 10 years or more. If you call, most likely you will be greeted by Ben Edwards who has been involved in the business since 2002.
Shane Ziegler
Owner/Captain/Educator/Fishing Guide
Shane is originally from Atlanta and spent his summers vacationing with his family on the Isle of Palms. Pulling seine nets in the tidal creeks, crabbing, and fishing with his family while they were on vacation sparked his deep interest for marine biology. During his high school years on Isle of Palms, Shane spent the majority of his free time exploring the salt marsh, fishing, crabbing, shrimping, and roasting oysters with his friends on small hammock islands. Julie Cliff, his Marine Biology teacher at Wando, further inspired his passion in the marine world.
After graduating Clemson with a Bachelor of Science degree in Resource Management, Shane began his career as an educator at Hunting Island State Park. Shane enjoyed working at Hunting Island for two years performing sea turtle research and barrier island and salt marsh ecology programs for visitors and school groups. At the end of 1997 he left Hunting Island to pursue his own business, Barrier Island Eco Tours, with Jose Hernandez.
Shane now operates Barrier Island Eco Tours with his wife Morgan. They are able to run a small business and still find free time of their own for fishing, island exploring, or hanging out on the house boat with their 3 kids.
Morgan Ziegler
Sales Manager/Owner
Morgan grew up in Columbia, SC and visited the Carolina coast every year with her parents and grandparents. As a child and young adult, she was fascinated with the sea and the animals that lived in it. She loved swimming in the ocean and hunting for sharks teeth and shells with her Grandmother on the beach. Her passion for the marine world, and spending time in nature grew with her.
Morgan later attended Clemson University with a major in Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management. Morgan chose Travel and Tourism as her emphasis area in PRTM, and became very interested in the growing trend of eco tourism around the world. She decided for her summer internship to pursue eco tourism in the Charleston area, and luckily acquired an internship with Barrier Island Eco Tours the summer before graduating from Clemson. She fell in love with the business and Charleston's coast that summer, and decided to move to the area after graduating in 2002 with a Bachelor of Science. She continued to work with Barrier Island Eco Tours in the summers, and began a career in event and wedding planning in downtown Charleston.
Robert Hopkins
Robert, a native of Mount Pleasant, and the youngest of six kids sought refuge in the woods. the fields, and marshlands of this area. He spent most of his childhood weekends going out to Capers Island with family and friends. He graduated from college and began teaching in the elementary school he had attended as a child. After 15 years of teaching fourth and fifth grade he began working with Barrier Island EcoTours and for him a been a dream come true. He has enjoyed getting to know about the critters creatures of this area and all of the intricate interconnections of the ecosystem. Being able to share that with others is a real joy for Robert. He feels blessed to have been able to work many years on the boat with his son and sharing the island that he visited throughout childhood on a daily basis.
Kelsey McClellan
Kelsey is currently a graduate student working towards her Masters in Environmental Studies at the College of Charleston. She completed her undergraduate degree at Clemson University (GO TIGERS!), and is dedicated to coastal conservation. Her research focuses on the blue crab fishery in the grand state of South Carolina, specifically quantifying the impact of recreational fishing on the current blue crab population. Additionally, she is looking at the ecosystem dynamics in the face of climate change, and how abiotic stressors due to climate change may impact the blue crab population in the SEUS. She loves the outdoors and her dog Hobbes (like Calvin and Hobbes, coincidentally her favorite comic of all time). She can't wait for you to get on our boats and learn about this awesome ecosystem!


text:
Groysman: Gov't must work for those who create economy
23:30, 19 October 2016Economy
91 0
The newly set up Investment Support Office of Ukraine will serve as a mechanism to solve problems of businesses and support new investment projects, as stated by Prime Minister of Ukraine Volodymyr Groysman during a presentation of the Investment Support Office of Ukraine at a Government meeting on Wednesday, according to the Cabinet press service.
Please Subscribe For Full Access
UNIAN Web subscription
Get a complete information picture of the day by subscribing to UNIAN's news feeds.
For more information, please call:
+38 (044) 354-28-06
If you see a spelling error on our site, select it and press Ctrl+Enter


text:
Know more about this business than we do? Cool! Please submit any corrections or missing details you may have.Help us make it right
Be the first NOLA.com user to add photos or videos of River Video Productions
River Video Productions is located at 191 2nd St E, New Roads, LA. This business specializes in Video.


text:
Monday, May 10, 2010
Golden Earring and Mystery Medallion
Thanks for looking!
11 comments:
- Gina said...
The pendant reminds me of Da Vinci's drawings but I don't know anything about it. Hope you find a mate to your earring!
- May 10, 2010 at 9:48 AM
- Ridgetatter said...
I think it is a Masonic button from their "uniform" I'm pretty sure of this, like 95%....xxx bj
- May 10, 2010 at 10:15 AM
- May 14, 2010 at 4:46 PM
- battatter said...
I looked up the Masons and didn't find anything like it. It is a medallion, though, not a button. It is pretty heavy, like maybe pewter or something.
- May 18, 2010 at 11:21 AM
- Eliz (tatknot) said...
If you can make out the words, I would try translating the Latin. There are websites like this one ( http://www.translation-guide.com/free_online_translators.php?from=Latin&to=English ) that might be helpful. That would give you another clue to pursue. Please keep is informed so we can help with the hunt.
- June 9, 2010 at 11:37 AM
- Sunshine said...
I found one of these medallions after cleaning my grandmothers house when she died. I have been trying to figure out the writings but no luck as it is very hard to read. Have you had any luck?
- February 2, 2013 at 2:16 PM
- Travis Parker said...
Hello, do you still have this pendant?
- April 23, 2017 at 8:45 PM
- battatter said...
yes, Travis, I still have it, and still don't know what it is. Do you know?
- April 24, 2017 at 5:49 AM
- Patrick said...
I just found a similar medallion. Has anyone identified what it is?
Mine is old and worn but legible. No dates, written in Latin. Looks like witchcraft to me.
- May 4, 2017 at 8:07 AM
- A Birdy said...
- This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
- July 15, 2017 at 2:17 AM
- A Birdy said...
It's for Honor and riches . It's a Solomon key pendant. For good luck and we'll, riches
- July 15, 2017 at 8:54 PM


text:
- Call us: 1 888 699 8727
- firstname.lastname@example.com
Free Shipping on all U.S. orders over $65.00 USD
From Our Blog
Jan 10 2019
Welcome 2019: Our New Year's Resolutions
New Year's resolutions are a beautiful concept, but, let's face it - life gets in the way. We start strong and confident: this will be the year we will become...Read More
Aug 27 2018
Wellness Month: 3 DIY Tea Beauty Masks
We all know tea and herbs are great for our body systems - but they are great as beauty products as well. Tea beauty masks are an easy, affordable, and...Read More
Follow us
on Instagram


text:
Sign in
Submit a request
My activities
中文: 繁體版
中文: 简体版
Tiếng Việt
Learn the Issues
Science & Technology
Laws & Regulations
About EPA
Frequent Questions
My Stuff
Contact Us
Frequent Questions
System of Registries
Terminology Services
Terminology Management
Terminology Management
New articles
New articles and comments
How does Terminology Services support Data Quality?
Is there an authoritative US EPA definition for a term?
What are some of the uses of Terminology Services?
How will Terminology Services support implementation of the Semantic Web?
Who can have access to the Synaptica tool?
Who do I contact if I think something in Terminology Services is inaccurate?
What are your procedures for ensuring quality in creating, editing, and accessing terminology?
What do you mean when you say "vocabulary development is organic and unique to the situation and organizational culture"?
Where do I find information about ANSI/NISO Z39.19?
Why should I search for approved EPA vocabularies?
Who do I contact if I want something added to Terminology Services?
Who is responsible for creating/maintaining a terminology/vocabulary?


text:
I would like to use the divide blendMode in PIXI.js. How to do it?
I've tried all the other blendModes availables but none were good enough for the effect I'm trying to make. http://i.stack.imgur.com/YlqVm.jpg
Using the phaser based on pixi.js:
base = game.add.sprite(350, 350, 'base');
base.tint = '0x7f4f2c';
blur = game.add.sprite(350, 350, 'blur');
blur.blendMode = PIXI.blendModes.DIVIDE; // Of course it doesn't work because pixi doesn't have it
I somehow tried to inverse the image and use the COLOR_DODGE blend mode which is available in pixi and it worked. This is a just very lucky. The effect is not 100% equal, but very close and good enough in this case.


text:
- This event has passed.
R.A.D. Classes
March 9 @ 4:00 pm - 8:00 pm
Event Navigation
R.A.D. is a program of realistic self-defense tactics and techniques for women. The system is a comprehensive, 15 hour women-only course. March 7-8 from 6 p.m. to 9:30 p.m., March 9 from 4 p.m. to 8 p.m., and March 10 from 2 p.m. to 6 p.m. This is a 4-day course, you must attend all four days. Hope Lutheran Church of Friendswood, 1804 S. Friendswood Dr. $25 payable on the first day by cash or check. To register, email Officer Crouch at [email protected] Those without email may call and leave a message at 281-996-3316.


text:
I had the worst migraine for several days...so unfortunately no computer time or stampin' time for me...just hanging out in the dark wanting to gouge my eyes out. Thankfully yesterday I felt good enough to make some Valentine cards. Here is one I created for my hubby.
When I create masculine cards I usually don't do bows or scallops...but couldn't help using the new Adorning Accents Edgelits with coordinating embossing folders and I just HAD to try out the new Heart Framelits...and of course the cutest one is the scalloped one! (plus someone challenged me to use it on a card saying it was too big and could only be used for scrapbooking.) I think it works here, but at just over 5 1/4" I'm sure I'll be using it more for scrapin'. As far as the bow...well...it just needed one! I think it's OK since it's Valentines Day, right?
At least the color combo of Cherry Cobbler, Basic Gray, Basic Black & Whisper White is quite manly. Along with the I {LOVE} Love Jumbo Wheel, I used the Hostess Set Perfect Words for the sentiment...emphasized with a Red Glimmer heart cut using the smallest of the heart framelits.
I have a little trick to share that I've been using to create more sizes to layer using the Framelits. Probably most of you have already thought of this, but in case I'll share anyways...See the Cherry Cobbler heart stamped with the wheel? That was cut using the 2nd largest heart framelit; but the Basic Gray layer behind it was cut by hand simply by tracing around the outer edge of the same framelit I used to cut the Cherry heart, since the cutting edge is on the inside edge of the die. So, if you don't mind a little hand cutting, using the framelits as a template is an easy option to create more layers.
Check back tomorrow for a feminine Valentine. Enjoy your day!


text:
The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) announced new appointments to UCI Commissions and ten Americans selected for prominent roles....
Item description: This Parts Derailleurs product is by Shimano - Sleek, balanced and consistent. The Tiagra 4700 series provides serious entry-level riding performance with cascaded technology from DURA-ACE. Features: Consistently smooth and light shifting operation Wider, Rider Tuned 10-speed gearing options Short cage derailleur Robust adjustability Cassette Compatibility - 10 Maximum Sprocket - Low sprocket: 34T / Top sprocket:12T (front double) / 20T Low sprocket: 32T / Top sprocket:12T(front triple) Minimum Sprocket - Low sprocket: 28T / Top sprocket:11T (front double) / 20T Low sprocket: 25T / Top sprocket:11T(front triple) Maximum Front Difference - 16T (front double) / 20T (front triple) Total Capacity - 39T (front double) / 41T (front triple)... Learn More
Manufacturer: Shimano
Category: Derailleurs
You may also consider:
Copyright © 2019 - http://www.sagecycles.com/ All Rights Reserved.
Website design by Business Edge


text:
Per the poster's Facebook page:
Rambro the Angry Ram lives in a 100 acre forest near Nelson New Zealand with his female companion Ewenice and son Dodge ram.
He was relocated there after causing problems for his previous owner - breaking fences, gates, attacking dogs and people.
He is now free to roam the hills with his family. He guards his new home with extreme violence, he occasionally meets up with forest owner Marty Todd who films their sometimes hilarious encounters.


text:
Zalora is a one stop shopping experience that is so convenience at your fingertips. Zalora.sg have been consistently finding new ideas, new brands and bringing in from well known extensive range of international and local brands and designers brands such as Desigual, Givenchy, Lascote shoes, Baggu, Longchamp, Gucci and kate spade and currently American Apparel .
Check out Zalora SG (click here) on YouTube
There is also a free delivery on orders over $40sgd. And with multiple payment options, from credit card, paypal, cash-on-delivery and self-collection at selected 7-eleven outlets.
What i like the most, as well as my friends who like Zalora.sg is the option of Free return in 30days. It give me the peace of mind when i shop online knowing that i will be able to return the clothes if it doesnt fit and i don't have to worry about it. There is occasion where i get my item and exchange for another item. it is pretty easy and i am really satisfied shopping online at Zalora.sg
So Excited that Zalora.sg now have American Apparel. i really love the casual sexy wear and the cutting for American Apparel is fantastic 🙂 Material is so good. i have a tee from American Apparel bought years back , it is still as good as new! 🙂
happy shopping at http://www.zalora.sg/
Happy Shopping to my readers 🙂 Look good feel good 🙂 Stay happy always!


text:
Acara is currently recruiting for Aesthetic Nurses in both Columbus, OH and Chester, MD. If you, or someone you know, might be interested please contact Robbi Grayson at [email protected] or call her at 203-488-0028 x306.
We are also seeking to fill a Dermatologist position for our client in Leesburg, VA. This position includes potential partnership opportunity. If you are interested or you know someone that might be interested then please e-mail me at [email protected] or you can call me at 203-488-0028 x303.


text:
Earn 50 Together Rewards points on this item
William Shakespeare - Whos Who in Shakespeare
Format: Hardback Author: Gill Davies
Delivery options
FREE - Standard Delivery (£2.99 on orders under £20)3-5 working days
Next Day Delivery - £4.99 (£2 on orders over £20)24th May if ordered before 7pm
FREE - Click & CollectCheck stock availability in your local storeChange store
Product Information
This highly illustrated work of reference contains hundreds of images and facts that encapsulate the glory of this amazing man, his life, his works including plays, poetry and sonnets, his language and legacy.

Few people can have ever been so renowned across the international divides for such a remarkable length time, with no sign of diminishment i
Stress-Free Returns
Subject to exceptions, we are happy to exchange or refund your purchase within 28 days of delivery. You can return items by post or to one of our stores.Go to full returns information
Together Rewards
5 points for every pound you spend
Rewards Points PLUS Great Prices - YES! We're proud to give even more back to you and reward all Together Rewards Card members with 5 points for every £1 spent, along with exclusive offers, bonus points promotions, member exclusive gifts and more! Interested? Order a card with your purchase and once you've registered and linked your Card, you'll receive 50 FREE points (worth 50p) and you'll receive Reward Vouchers every 3 months to spend on anything you like in-store and online! Click here to find out how to get your Together Card.


text:
Your super-artful home away from home.
The ideal Seattle sleepover for design-minded, fun-loving urban explorers, with 190-200 sq. ft. of artfully crafted space. Select from a Queen or King.
- No two rooms exactly alike
- Provenance Signatures
- Complimentary Wi-Fi
Room Amenities
- Provenance Signature Amenities
- Complimentary Wi-Fi
- Free craft beer happy hour
- Locally influenced honor bar
- Valet parking with in-and-out privileges ($45/night)
- 24-hour room service
- Pet-friendly rooms and amenities (fee for room)
- In-room Torrefazione coffee and Steven Smith Teas
- Free coffee and tea in the lobby
- Lather bath amenities
- Comfy beds with pillow-top mattresses
- Luxurious bath robes
- 24-hour fitness center
- Concierge services
- Accessible rooms available


text:
UK Property & Estate Management Companies
We are a quality directory of UK based estate managers. In our database we have 5,000+ local and recommended companies covering 2500 towns and cities in UK and offering professional commercial and residential property management services.
Popular Cities
Browse by Region
- London
- East England
- North East England
- North West England
- South East England
- South West England
- Yorkshire and the Humber
- East Midlands
- West Midlands
- Wales
- Scotland
- Northern Ireland
- Channel Islands
Recommended Businesses
SennenPM utilises many years' experience within the block and estate management sector to offer a fresh approach. With the basis of good financial management, we manage developments with the most customer facing approach offering an open and clear service.
A property management business which specialises in project management and offers a advisory service. In addition, we provide Valuations, Commercial Agency lettings/sales, Residential Agency lettings/sales, Dilapidations Work, Building Surveys, Lease Plans Architectural Services, Planning Advice and also Rates Advice.
Whether you are selling or buying, a landlord seeking responsible, quality tenants, or a tenant searching for a home, we are here to help. Our experienced, professional, and friendly staff, combined with extensive local knowledge, we will ensure that we provide a service which is second to none.
100% Dedicated Residental Lettings and Tenant Find Services For Over 30 Years in the Plymouth and Surrounding Areas.
Campsie, established over 40 years ago, became part of the Orchard & Shipman Group of companies in 2005. Specialising in both residential and commercial sales, lettings and property services, our network of 4 Campsie offices are well placed to offer a fully comprehensive service to vendors, landlords, developers, freeholders and resident management companies across the Thames Valley.
1st Call is a fresh thinking estate and letting agent and one of Southend's leading companies for property management. We sell homes, let property and manage investments. If you're looking to have your property managed locally in the Southend-on-Sea area... talk to us!
Pineflat offers fixed price portfolio property management services to investment landlords in London and other parts of the UK. Our clients are individuals or companies with two or more properties based in the UK, USA, Hong Kong, Singapore, Jersey, and the Isle of Man.
Bespoke property house design architects service for Bournemouth Poole Dorset Hampshire UK. Ah. Design is a self build consultancy, providing design services and project management for self-builders and home owners. We create a bespoke service for every project to meet your individual needs.
HomeXperts Estate Agents Twickenham is run by passionate local property professional, Dawn Platt. HomeXperts Estate Agents Twickenham is a new and vibrant Estate Agency that specialises in the Sales and Lettings for the residential property market.
We are a specialist lettings company providing let only, rent collection and full management to landlords in the county of Bedfordshire - centering on Bedford itself. Landlord incentives are available in order to make us your Bedford Letting Agents of choice!
We are part of the popular and rapidly growing personal estate agent franchise, HomeXperts. Run by Kevin Lovegrove, HomeXperts prides itself on providing a superior level of personal service. We are passionate about providing an excellent level of Estate Agency and Lettings service to the current and potential residents of this town and surrounding area.
London's most experienced residential block and estate management company. Capital Property Management offer specialist property management solutions to developers, RMCs, block and estate owning investors, at a cost that simply make sense.
Arden Estates are a well respected and independent estate agent in Redditch, providing sales, lettings and property management services. We pride ourselves on taking the stress out of your move, making the process as straightforward for you as possible.
Inspire Estate Agents are an independent full service Estate Agency in Crawley, West Sussex. Run by Matthew Cousins, they recently won the Crawley Observer Letting Agent of the Year award, 2010. They offer a full residential sales, lettings and property management service (including tenant introduction, rent collection and full management, plus tenancy issue resolution advice).
Butlin Property Services is a very well established East Midlands letting agent so you will be dealing with a knowledgeable and professional letting team who will be keen to assist you with your search for a suitable apartment or house to rent. The key to our success is that we only manage good quality properties situated in the highest demand locations.
We are a building and maintenance company with a wide range of experience covering, North/North West London & parts of Herts and Middx serving, Estate Agents, Letting Agents, Managing Agents, developers and homeowners. At Sherman Gray, our goal is to help you resolve your property needs quickly, efficiently and in a cost effective manner, whilst making the process easy and trouble free.
We are a first class holiday and second home service specialist company. We provide professional service packages to owners and guests of holiday apartments, individual holiday homes and second homes across the North Wiltshire and South Gloucestershire area.
We provide a simple solution for cutting, cleaning and maintaining your gardens straight throughout the year giving you the time and peace of mind to focus on your own life. Our service has very competitive rates and with a customer orientated team we will try our very best to fulfil your garden needs. We operate 6 days a week covering outer west London, Middlesex and Surrey.
Established in Sep 2006 and based in the picturesque town of Dartmouth, Devon. The company initially started after relocating to the area and after completing endless amounts research it became apparent that there was an ever increasing demand for both reliable Cleaners/Caretakers and committed Property Managers to cater for the expanding holiday home market.
Services � Loft conversions � Wall partitions (commercial and domestic) � Painting and decorating (internal and external) � Plastering � Carpentry (kitchens, wardrobes, floors, doors, shutters, windows, stairs, fences etc) � Plumbing (commercial and domestic) � Electrical installations � Tiling (floors and walls) � Masonry (brickwork, breeze


text:
Patti Stanger: Sassy, successful and a complete rock star of the dating world. From high end clients to a huge brand that encompasses TV (, radio (P.S. I Love You on XM), print (her first book Amazon Link: "") and of course good ole brick and mortar business ().
But how did her success happen and more importantly what can you learn from it? It certainly was NOT overnight and took tons of behind-the-scenes good old fashioned hard work.
Are you looking to create a KILLER personal brand for yourself? Be an EXPERT in something? Dominate your field? Get amazing opportunities on TV and other media?
Patti knows the secrets and it isn't just a case of being in the right place at the right time.
Tune in this Sunday to find out and also hear from personal branding expert Dan Schawbel creator of
On TV:
Premier: On ABC (KDNL-ABC30) at 11 AM (CST) on Sunday, October 18th following "This Week With Stephanopoulos"
Replays: On ABC (KDNL-ABC30) at 1 AM (CST) on Tuesday (20th), Wednesday (21st), Thursday (22nd) following "Jimmy Kimmel Live"
Yahoo! Connected TV (worldwide on Sony, LG, Vizio and Samsung TV's)
On Demand: (Starting this Sunday, October 18th)
yangwang.info (feel free to share, embed or do anything you like with the content)
Yahoo! Connected TV
Apple ITunes


text:
Enjoy the great outdoors of nature and birds in particular.
So calm...
So peaceful.
oh how beautiful...with the slight reflection from the clouds!!! enjoy the rest of your weekend!!!
This photo really DOES spell P E A C E.
Gentle--- Very nice.
The picture portrays the peace the verse talks about. Beautiful!


text:
Dashing Through The... Wait!
There may be no trace of snow here, there may not be any one horse open sleighs around, but that does not mean that we can't keep up with the festivities!
Have a very Merry Christmas! (And remember to eat sensibly...)
Diana Krall made me re-love this song! Enjoy!


text:
On Sunday 25th March, Neo Elegance attended an event hosted by Studio Avari at the Shard in London. This was reported on by the Daily Mail. Neo Elegance bough along some of their professional treatment devices to showcase and demo at the event.
At the event, ITV show host Lizzie Cundy and former Liberty X member, Michelle Heaton, treated themselves to facials with the LED Illumination Mask. Michelle Heaton also tried out the non-surgical facelift treatment with the NeoFirm. Both ladies looked fantastic! You can see images of the event and the Illumination Mask in action in the Daily Mail article.
The article was published by the Daily Mail on their online platform, Mail Online, the Monday morning after the event. To read the article, click here.
The Products
The LED Illumination Mask:
The LED Mask uses three wavelengths to target different skin concerns. The red wavelength targets aging concerns by boosting collagen, strengthening elastin and hydrating the skin. Blue LED targets breakouts by killing acne-causing bacteria and regulating sebum levels. The final wavelength the mask offers is near-infrared LED. This is the deepest penetrating wavelength allowing it to work on a cellular level. Near-infrared stimulates the repair and renewal of damaged skin cells. To find out more about the Illumination mask, click here.
The NeoFirm:
The NeoFirm is a professional radiofrequency treatment device which can be used on the face and the body. The treatment can give the skin a 'non-surgical' Face Lift look. The heat from radio frequency treatment stimulates the skins natural ability to produce collagen. The heat also causes the skin to contract, which can give an instant tightening effect. To find out more about the NeoFirm, click here.


text: The webshop wassenop30graden.be sells beautiful kids clothing. And by beautiful, we mean 100% organic cotton: wassenop30graden.be sells a wide selection of socially and environmentally responsible fair trade clothing. Handmade in our own store. Omygod thought of a snappy brand name, a matching corporate identity, promo material – not to mention a first-class webshop.


text:
New England Patriots great Ty Law had some harsh words for his former team's struggling defense Tuesday during an appearance on FS1's "Undisputed."
Speaking two days after the Patriots surrendered 31 points at home in a loss to the Seattle Seahawks, Law said the unit needs "to have some damn pride, and go out there and make something happen."
"I'm waiting to see who's going to be that guy," the former All-Pro cornerback said. "Because you didn't have to have that in our locker room. You had Willie McGinest, myself, Tedy Bruschi, we had guys that will step up and play. Lawyer Milloy, Rodney Harrison — we had outspoken, vocal, competitive people, we competed amongst ourselves.
"So that's what they have to find, that magic that we had back then. Because it wasn't about just the offense. It was more of a defensive team. And then (quarterback Tom) Brady became Brady, but at the time, he didn't have to carry the load. So the defense, in my opinion, needs to start taking it personal with all the criticism that they're getting right now."
Two members of the Patriots' leadership — defensive co-captain Devin McCourty and special teams captain Matthew Slater — responded to Law's comments Wednesday.
"It's simple: We've just got to play better," McCourty said. "There's nothing I can say to calm (concerns about the defense) or anything. We've just got to go out there and play better. That's what everyone in our locker room and everyone on defense wants to do. There's nothing to say. You've just got to go do it."
He added: "We can hoot and holler and yell and scream, but leaders have to play better."
Slater offered a similar message, preaching accountability and team unity.
"I'm confident in the men that we have in this locker room," Slater said. "I think that there is some great leadership there. Everyone leads differently, though. And that's something that I certainly understand and guys understand that.
"Obviously, we all need to hold each other accountable to do our jobs at a high level. We play for one another, so ultimately, everybody could do a better job when you look back at the tape after a loss. And everybody can say, 'If I had done that, if they had done that.' But we're one or two plays away from coming out with a different story."
The Patriots rank a respectable sixth in the NFL in points allowed per game this season, but they are 26th in takeaways (nine) and tied for 25th in sacks (16).
Thumbnail photo via Bob DeChiara/USA TODAY Sports Images


text:
24 Apr
Image of the Week – 207 (Jakarta Map)
What's wrong with this?
It's from The Official Jakarta Pocket Map 2015, a pdf download offered by Enjoy Jakarta, the official Jakarta Tourism website. I really wanted the presumably more detailed City Map, but that link doesn't work.
A better download is the Heritage Brochure. It does have the same minimal street map, but the TransJakarta Busway network shown, albeit a little outdated, is especially useful.


text:
It is a very known fact that CLAMP is a popular group of 4 females. For one thing they are most famous for their beautiful drawings, creativity, and twists in their mangas! CLAMP's works are mostly Shoujo manga (Girls' comics) but they also do Shounen manga (Boys' comics).
Currently CLAMP is very busy, as they are working on CLOVER, X/1999, ANGELIC LAYER, SUKI DAKARA SUKI!, and CARD CAPTOR SAKURA at the same time!!!
The members:
Nanase Okawa: the writer and in charge of scripts.
Satsuki Igarashi: in charge of the design development and is also assistant of drawing and illustration.
Apapa Mokona: the main artist, and takes care of the diffulcult layouts, drawings, etc. Amazing though, when the group had first started she was not the lead artist.
Mick Nekoi: in charge of drawing the manga
The Others who left:
Tamayo Akiyama: She was the leading artist in Clamp's first commercial
release 'CLUSTER'. But, throughout
the years, she became heavily influenced by Mokona Appapa's style (still is too). Because of that she left the group leaving Mokona to take over as Clamp's leading artist. Tamayo is now a solo mangaka.
Works: CLUSTER (1991-1995), DERAYD (1993) plublished by Shinkigensha, MOURYOU KIDEN (1993-1994) and CYBER PLANET 1999: HYPER RUN (1995-1997) published by Asuka Comics DX. Current work? For more info and pictures, go here: Tamayo Akiyama Temple, Anime Art's Cluster Image Gallery, Anime Art's Mouryou Kiden Image Gallery
Leeza Sei: The same same thing had happened to her also, she was the artist for 'COMEBINATION'. Leeza Sei is now writing under the name of Iba Takeo. Her style has changed dramatically.
Soushi Hisagi:?
Kazue Nakamori:?
Shinya Ohmi:?


text:
Wind Pant 1 Magenta+Ivory+Pumkin Spice
Pant in lightweight mesh with a fluid fall, dyed by hand. With a design that allows versatility in its use; Wear it strapless, on the waist, on the shoulders, crossed on the neck or according to your taste.
The model is wearing a one size fits all.
Garment Care:
Wash by hand.
Wash with mild soaps, and do not contain chlorine.
Do not twist.
Do not iron.
Dry in the shade.
Do not pull tissues more than strictly necessary.
Do not rub against rough surfaces.
Wash, dry and pack the cups separately.
Additional Notes:
"Each garment of Entreaguas is unique due to the
- Type
- Pant


text:
Today, in the United States District Court in San Francisco, California, the ACLU has filed suit against the United States over the holidays that are designated as federal holidays where the federal government is closed. They argue that Christmas is the only religious holiday on the list and that it does not recognize religious holidays of other religions and it leaves out atheists.
The suit, filed by the ACLU on behalf of several San Francisco plaintiffs, states that those individuals were unfairly discriminated against because they either would not get their religious holiday off or that as atheists, they were given second billing.
Federal holidays are set by 5 U.S.C. 6103 and for 2007 there were ten designated holidays. Many are rather neutral such as Independence Day, New Year's Day, and Thanksgiving. However, Christmas is the only religious holiday where the federal government is closed and its employees get a paid day off. The effect of the lawsuit would be to strike Christmas as a federal holiday and to force the government to stay open on that day.
The suit was originally the idea of Charles Rust-Tierney, the former head of the Virginia chapter of the ACLU and the filing of the suit was the culmination of years of work. Tierney was unavailable for comment because he is currently serving seven years for possession of child pornography. The plaintiffs, who include Richard Dawkins and Christopher Hitchens, released a statement saying, "Christianity is the source of most if not all of the suffering in the world. The federal government recognizing this holiday is akin to celebrating holidays lauding the Holocaust. Prefabricated man-made religions have no place in a civil society."
The suit will likely spark outrage from Christian and other conservative groups who will see this as another chapter in the left's "War on Christmas". Previous years have seen organizations targeting schools for Christmas plays and targeting cities for having nativity displays. The suit to end federal recognition of Christmas marks an escalation in the culture wars. Bill O'Reilly is said to be planning to devote ten minutes of his nightly news show every day until New Year's to air his grievances on the culture wars.
O'Reilly wasn't the only one to get in on the criticism. Pat Buchanan, a staple of Christian Conservatism was quick to blame the "radical left" and Hollywood: "Who is in your face here? Who started this? Who is on the offensive? Who is pushing the envelope? The answer is obvious. A radical Left aided by a cultural elite that detests Christianity and finds Christian moral tenets reactionary and repressive is hell-bent on pushing its amoral values and imposing its ideology on our nation. The unwisdom of what the Hollywood and the Left are about should be transparent to all."
Critics were quick to point out that one of the plaintiffs, Paul Addis, was recently arrested trying to burn down a church. This only fanned the argument that this suit was truly about censoring religion and not about pluralism.
It is unclear exactly how the courts will rule in this case; however, both judges in San Francisco and the appellate judges in the Ninth Circuit would likely favor the view that recognizing Christmas as a federal holiday and closing the government is a tacit endorsement of Christianity which is prohibited by the "Separation of Church and State Doctrine".
Most legal scholars believe that the ACLU's argument has merit and if the same standard is used that has been used in previous church-state cases that Christmas will have to be removed from the list of federal holidays. Time will tell if the ACLU will become known as the law firm "that stole Christmas".
John Bambenek is the Assistant Politics Editor for BC Magazine and is an academic professional for the University of Illinois. By trade, he is an information security professional, part of the Internet Storm Center and a courseware author and certification grader for the GIAC family of security certifications. He is a syndicated columnist who blogs at Part-Time Pundit and the executive director of The Tumaini Foundation which helps AIDS orphans and other children in Tanzania to get an education.


text:
If you are an FB3 user and want to get LSX features running with your hardware, please send the maker of your FB3 an email requesting them to publish an FB3 interface standard (commonly referred to as an SDK or interface library) so that support can be added to LSX! Currently, there is no way for 3rd party developers like Nautilus Integration to support the FB3 hardware. Only by FB3 owner requests can the publication of such a standard be raised to the priority level where it is completed by the makers of the FB3, and then support can be added to LSX.
thank you!


text:
Hot Sale Kate Spade Embossed Anchor Bill Holder
The Details
Our Embossed Anchor Bill Holder is crafted from vegetable-dyed cowhide leather, and embossed with a burnished anchor pattern. The everyday wallet features six credit card slots, two pocket sleeves, and a vintage tattoo flash lining...
kate spade sunglasses pink
Kate spade iphone 6 Apply online now available 30 Major-Quality Dalton McGuinty publicised the ultra-Present day, 30% above Ontario teaching scholarship grant at Wilfrid Laurier University correct now e.
G able to apply for degree followers am going to see $800 though degree with certificates together with term $365. This realisation sept the more kate spade sunglasses pink durable 30% wrong university tuition best kate spade bag permit do apply fully schooling in their desired year. Young people in a university degree method you will save $1,600, Even whereas university high school applicants going to school stage but also record program routines will save you $730. The particular permit is viewed as considerable to remain 30% trip everyday Ontario instruction, The quantity the scholarhip are able to keep rate as well as virtually just about almost every better likely rose gold kate spade purse will set you back meaning that it'll always be 30% off the cost of fun training. Additional than 300,000 the youngsters considered to obtain give connected to year. University high school applicants just what folks in any case take delivery of OSAP come with their own practices provided inevitably. Allowing Ontario college pupils with the value training is portion of the McGuinty national plan to hold postsecondary training inside of have grown to of people reality house excellent schooled employees in the ominous landscape.
Enrollees must kate spade mini bag remain lower than four generations free from senior secondary school and / or the particular of father or mother's revenues $160,000 or really within order at permitted to the offer. Efficiencies and reserves appeared to be found to totally counterbalance the costs of this teaching allow because of it year and almost all above a in the years ahead footing with increased can be found from inside the Ministry. .
Prev: kate spade handbags online
Next: kate spade outlet cabazon


text:
Shropshire History
Knights Templar &
Knights Hospitaller
to Index
Knights Templar
Templar Knight and Sergeant
The Knights Templar (properly called Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon) were a wealthy order of knights created in 1129 by the Pope (see Wikipedia for a detailed history). The knights wore distinctive white mantles with a red cross over their armour and their original purpose was to protect pilgrims from bandits on their journey to Jerusalem. There were also non-combatant members and these became the first international bankers. Rather than risk carrying large amounts of money on long journeys, people could deposit money at a local Templar church and received a receipt which could be redeemed for cash at any other Templar church throughout Europe and the Holy Land.
The head of the order was called the Grand Master, appointed for life and based in Paris, who oversaw both the order's military efforts in the East and their financial holdings in the West. Europe and the Middle East were split into Provinces, with a Master in charge of each. The Grand Master exercised his authority via Visitors-General, who were knights specially appointed by the Grand Master to visit the different provinces, correct malpractices, introduce new regulations and resolve important disputes. The Visitors-General had the power to remove knights from office and to suspend the Master of the province concerned. The lower ranks of the order consisted of knights, sergeants and chaplains.
The founder of the order, Hugues de Payens, devised a code of behaviour for the order, detailing the types of garments they were to wear and how many horses they could have. As well as the white mantle for knights, the sergeants wore a black tunic with a red cross on the front and a black or brown mantle. Knights could have three horses and sergeants two horses. Knights were also to take their meals in silence, eat meat no more than three times per week and not have physical contact of any kind with women, even members of their own family. Although not an official rule, it became customary for members of the order to wear long and prominent beards.
The Templars built their churches with circular naves, in imitation of the circular Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, built on the reputed site of Christ's empty tomb. One of the Templars' exemptions was not having to pay tithes (a tenth of income paid to the Church). This was contested in 1179 by the clergy but the pope, Alexander III, allowed them to keep this privilege for newly-cultivated lands. In addition, as they were allowed to own parish churches, they collected tithes in their own right that were due to the parish priest. The Templars were given property by landowners who wanted to support their work in the Holy Land but who could not afford or risk going on crusade themselves. The main function of the Templars' properties in Britain was to raise money and recruits for their operations in the Middle East. They also had to ensure that some of their income was put aside for repairs to the parish churches entrusted to them and to appoint suitable priests to these churches. Basically, they were acting as a feudal lord.
Several Templars would be living at each of their properties and these included some who had retired from duty, similar to modern Chelsea Pensioners. These aged Templars were in receipt of "corrody", where they had the right to receive housing, food, etc. Usually, the Templars tried to keep out of local warfare, as they did not wish to waste the money they had collected to help Christians in the Middle East. Quite often they would pay local nobles and officials to protect them against their enemies and to keep the peace. From the mid-12th Century, however, the Templars played an important role in the re-conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, which Muslims from North Africa had conquered in the 8th Century. In addition, it is believed that they assisted King Edward I in the conquest of Wales.
The order's banking activities made them extremely wealthy and eventually in 1307 King Philip IV of France, deeply in debt to the order, arrested many of their members in France and tortured them into giving false confessions of sacrilege. They were then burned at the stake and Phillip pressured Pope Clement V to disband the order. As a result, Pope Clement instructed all Christian monarchs in Europe to arrest all Templars and seize their assets. Phillip had hoped to discover and steal the Templars' wealth but they had hidden it before he had a chance to find it. All of their property was then given by the Pope to the Knights Hospitallers. In Britain, the job of closing down the Templars' sites and distributing their property was not completed until 1308. It was left to local bishops, who also arranged for the Templars to be sent to monasteries to do penance for their alleged sins. As no monastery should receive more than one Templar, they were scattered across the country.
A number of Templars escaped the purge and there is a theory that the current day Freemasons owe their existence to 14th Century Templars, who took refuge in Scotland and aided Robert the Bruce in his victory at Bannockburn. There is also another modern organisation with the somewhat unwieldy name of The United Religious, Military and Masonic Orders of the Temple and of St John of Jerusalem, Palestine, Rhodes and Malta of England and Wales and its Provinces Overseas. England and Wales are divided into Provincial Priories and the local one is the Provincial Priory of Staffordshire and Shropshire. The national organisation has been in existence for over 230 years and active in Shropshire since 1849. It's aims are to be a means of communication to bring together men of Christian faith and goodwill, regardless of background or political persuasion, and it promotes tolerance, charity and integrity. Its own area is divided into 17 Preceptories, which for Shropshire are Powys Preceptory No.431 (Wellington), Ralph Le Strange Preceptory No. 465 (Bridgnorth) and St Chad Preceptory No.193 (Shrewsbury).
Shropshire Timeline
1158 - Herbert de Castello granted the Templars a carucate (the land a plough team of eight oxen could till in a single annual season) at Lydley (SO4897) and two virgates (unit of land about 30 acres) in the township of Botville, a portion of his wife's inheritance.
1158 - William FitzAlan granted them the townships of Cardington (SO5095) and Enchmarsh (SO5096), half of Chatwall (SO5198), a pension of 3 marks from Cardington Church (SO507952) and 5s from Cardington Mill (SO510948). He also granted them 2 messuages (dwelling houses with outbuildings and land assigned to their use) in Shrewsbury which were worth 20s in rent. His brother Walter FitzAlan gave them a virgate at Cound (SJ5504).
1168 – King Henry II granted them an estate in Keele, Staffordshire (SJ8045) worth £2 3s 7d.
1184 – a mill was built at Lydley and fishponds created.
1185 – King Henry II granted them land at Onneley, Staffordshire (SJ751441) worth 2s, upon which they built a chapel. Brian and Roger of Brampton granted them a virgate at Kinlet (SO7180) and a half messuage in Bridgnorth. Most of their subsequent acquisitions were in Corvedale and these were held in demesne. This appears to be an attempt to complement the upland economy of the home estate at Lydley with land more suited to cereals. The Templars had 36 tenants at Cardington, 10 at Enchmarsh, 8 at Chatwall, 5 at Botelegee and 2 at Lydley. The demesne of Lydley Preceptory comprised nearly the whole of Lydley township plus other lands and assarts in Botville. Since their tenants were excused from all services, apart from the obligation to surrender a third of their goods at death, the demesne was being worked by a large staff of permanent farm servants. Excluding the sums received from Cardington church and mill, and rents of 12. 4d from the four outlying properties, the 60 tenants on the Lydley estate paid rents totalling £7 11½d for 17¾ virgates and 173½ acres. The latter were assarts, held on life-tenancies for rents of 2d an acre, which were waived during the first three years after clearance. The standard holding was the half virgate but a third of the tenants held assarted lands in addition and a further third held assarts only. Although income from assarts represented only a quarter of the total rents, the favourable terms on which they were held are an indication of the Templars' interest in forest clearance. Each estate employed bailiffs, farm workers and a single household servant to make potage for workers. In a year at Lydley, a quarter (28 lbs) of salt and 1 quarter 7 bushels (588lbs) of oat flour were used to make the potage. All farm workers were paid in wheat grain rather than cash and, in autumn, they also received a customary payment of a pair of gloves. This payment was sometimes called Theriac, which was an ointment used as an antidote to snake venom. It is thus likely that the farm areas had adders and the workers were given gloves or the ointment to prevent injury from snake bites.
1186 - the Templars appropriated Cardington Church.
1189 - King Richard I confirmed King Henry II's gifts as the village of Keele and its appurtenances.
1191 – they acquired Lawton Mill in Diddlebury (SO5085).
Early 13th Century - the Lydley estate was extended into the upland country south of Caer Caradoc and the Lawley. Taking advantage of the lax administration of Langley Manor, they took possession of woods at Tywleshey and Harlith, north and south of Causeway Wood (SO518992).
1206 - they were leasing the Keele property.
1221 – they acquired property at Stanton Long (SO568898) and built a farm.
1222 - the boundary with Longnor was defined when a portion of Botwood (SO4798) was surrendered to the lord of that manor in return for exclusive rights of common in the remainder.
1225 – Robert Walensis granted them 4 virgates.
1227 – they acquired an outlying property at Turford near Richard's Castle (SO4870).
1232 - they acquired a carucate at Holt Preen (SO535965) and built a farm.
1240 – they acquired a half hide at Stoneacton (SO5093).
1250s - Richard of Stanton granted them half a virgate of land at Stanton upon Hine Heath (probably at Booley - SJ5725). Clement of Adeney granted them land at Adeney (SJ7018).
1255 – they acquired Comley (SO4896) and the property at Turford was passed to the Knights Hospitaller of Dinmore. Thomas de Stanton granted them a tract of moorland and then the remainder of his estate soon afterwards
1261 - John de Houton became preceptor at Lydley.
1263 – they leased the manor of Castle Holdgate (SJ5589) with its barony.
1266 - they made an unsuccessful claim to the advowson (the right to appoint a vicar) at Stanton Long.
1271 – the Keele property became Keele Preceptory with its own preceptor.
1273 - the common rights of Lydley and Leebotwood tenants in Botwood were regulated when the Templars were given the right to fish in the Cound Brook. Richard Lovel became preceptor at Lydley Preceptory and the only Templars there at this time were the preceptor and two serving brethren.
1274 – they acquired Willstone (SO4995). The Templars were involved in a number of lawsuits at this time where they trying to were exercise their rights as feudal overlord over numerous manors, mostly in Corvedale.
1276 – an attempt by them to usurp woodland in the part of Chatwall township outside the Lydley estate (SO5197) was foiled.
1284 – they gave up the lease on the manor of Castle Holdgate with its barony.
1292 - their claims to assarts (life tenancies) in the south-western portion of Botwood, which lay in Church Stretton manor, were still a subject of dispute.
1273 - Langley Manor challenged their possession of the woods at Tywleshey and Harlith.
1274 - Templar corn from Castle Holdgate was seized by Sir John Giffard of Corfham while it was being carried to Ludlow.
1292 - Stephen became preceptor at Lydley.
1297 - Stephen de Staplebrigge had been inducted into the Templar order at Keele in 1295 but was inducted again by the Master of the Templars in England at Lydley Preceptory. The reason for this double initiation is unknown.
1302 – they were granted the right to create a warren on their demesne at Lydley.
1304 – a corrodiary (retired Templar) was granted board at the serving brothers' table, 5s a year and a robe.
1307 - the vicar of the church at Cardington was receiving small tithes (great tithes were on corn, grain, hay and wood. Small tithes on everything else produced). Very few women were employed because of the knights' vows but the cooks at Lydley and Stanton Long, who made porridge for the farmworkers, were female. The cook at Preen was a boy, the wages paid remained the same, whether a woman or a man was working as cook. A forester was employed at Lydley and Henry of Halton became preceptor. Another corrodiary was granted board at the serving brothers' table, 5s a year and a robe.
1308 - the Templars order was dissolved in Britain and the Sheriff of Shropshire was given the job of distributing their assets. The rents, tithes and other income alone totalled about £44 per year. The Templars' estate was retained and managed by the Crown for the next few years. Accounts are available for the 4 main properties and give some idea of the situation at that time :-
During the year, the Sheriff sold off all the livestock, thus saving the costs of employing two shepherds, a cowherd and a swineherd. This livestock included 13 cows, 26 oxen, 280 sheep and 96 lambs. That year's shearing had produced 254 fleeces and the harvest that year had yielded 80 quarters (160 stones) of wheat and 124 quarters (248 stones) of oats. There were two corrodiaries in residence to be supported from the revenues of the manor and it is likely that they now had to find other accommodation. The only other Templar in residence was the preceptor, Lieutenant-Commander Henry of Halton. The employees the Sheriff retained included a carter, ploughman, maid who made pottage for the farm workers, forester and bailiff. The farms were then turned over entirely to grain.
- £7 22d for one sack and three stone of wool
- 26s 9d rent from a watermill
- 20s rent from a house in Shrewsbury
- 9s 4d from sale of cow and ewe milk
- Rents from local tenants
- Sale of free stone from the quarry, this was a fine-grained, soft stone suitable for carving with a chisel
- No income from the dovecote because it was newly built and not yet stocked
- No income from herbage in the woodland and forest because it was grazed by the manor's own draught animals
- 2s 3½d for washing, shearing and spinning the wool of 254 sheep
- 1½d per day to the bailiff
- Viridi Grecio (green copper) and Vivo Argento (mercury) to mix with grease or fat to make uncto (ointment to treat diseased sheep)
- Weeding the grain
- Reaping, collecting and tying in tasses (ricks)
- Customary payment in autumn of a pair of gloves to employees
- The two corrodiaries would now receive 2d a day for food, 5s a year for clothing and 5s a year for other necessities.
The Sheriff sold all moveable assets which included :-
- Iron-bound chest with the various writings of the kings of England and others relating to the Templars
- Four bulls (papal letters) in a small box with 14 sealed letters patent
- Pyx (round box) with a charter of King Henry
- 3 pyxes with various letters patent
- Large letter sealed with two wax seals
- 9 lead bulls (seals)
- 2 coffers (boxes for valuables) worth 3s
- Ebony wood pyx
- Cameline robe (made of coarse cloth)
- 3 albs (white robes)
- Chasubles (ornate tabards worn over robe)
- Set of vestments worth 12s
- Mail jacket worth half a mark (6s 8d)
- Pair of armoured gloves made of whalebone plates worth 2s
- Metal helmet and mace
- Sword worth 2s.
- Pair of spurs
- Gold ring worth 2s
- Silver ring worth 12d
- Altar cloth worth 17d
- Towel worth 6d
- Maple wood bowl
- 7 small candles weighing 6 pounds
- 15 horse-shoes
- Pair of horse-girths
- Tin and pewter.
Stanton Long
There were 140 acres, exclusively devoted to growing wheat and oats. Employees included a carter, 4 ploughmen, a maid who made pottage for the farmworkers, a servant and a bailiff.
- Rents from tenants
- Rent from properties at Bridgnorth and Kenley
- Rent from Cecilia de Lawton for a water mill.
- Cloth, nails, rivets, tallow, pole-cord and a halter for the wagons and carts
- 38s 11d for the grain to be weeded, reaped, bound into sheaves and collected into ricks
- 23s divided between a carter and 4 ploughmen, an average of 4s 7¼d each
- 18d for a house maid
- 16d for the meadows to be mowed and the hay made
- Payment for a person to help the shepherd at lambing time
- Payment for a reeve (foreman) who was employed in the summer to supervise the harvest
- Customary payment in autumn of a pair of gloves to employees.
Holt Preen
There were 100 acres, exclusively devoted to growing wheat and oats. Employees included 2 ploughmen, a boy who made pottage for the farmworkers and a bailiff. Apart from six heifers, the livestock were all plough horses. The farm equipment included a plough with irons, a plough without irons, a wagon and a winnowing fan.
- Payment from Agistment (pasturing another person's cattle)
- 10s from lease of coal mining rights
- 2s from lease of iron mining rights
- Chevage (payment for a right of way)
- Income from pasture, herbage, sale of hay and selling apples from the garden.
- Over 37 weeks, 2 quarters, 2½ bushels and a peck of wheat to make potage
- Half the cost of moving and making hay at Long Stanton
- Tar-pitch (bought for the sheep)
- Milk and bran bought to sustain the lambs at lambing
- Customary payment in autumn of a pair of gloves to employees.
This estate was in Staffordshire and the accounts hardly mention it at all.
- Rents from Newcastle-under-Lyme, Onneley, Stanton and Nantwich.
- the cook received 2 pecks of 'mixture' per week to make potage.
1311 - Brother Henry of Halthon, former lieutenant commander of Lydley Preceptory, was sent to the monastery of St Peter in Shrewsbury to do penance.
1313 – on behalf of the Crown, the Sheriff was finally ready to pass on the estate. Accounts were made of the situation at that time :-
- 10s from coal mining rights
- 5s from Cheminage (payment for a right of way)
- 2s from iron mining rights
- 7d from sale of a horse's carcass
- The water mill was still in operation and provided rent
- The crops grown had changed a little to include vetch and maslin (a mixture of rye and wheat). The harvest consisted of 141 acres of wheat, 80 acres of oats, 24½ acres of maslin, 6 acres of peas and vetch, 3 acres of hay, making a total of 254½ acres under production.
- Freestone was still being produced from the quarry but the income had increased by 6d.
- The dovecote had been stocked and was now producing income.
- As all of the stock was sold in the first year of confiscation, there was no income from milk or wool. Similarly, this meant that grazing in the pasture of the messuage was no longer being consumed by the manor's own stock and could be sold.
- A levy on itinerant vendors.
- 2s 11d for a farrier to care for a sick draught horse which subsequently died
- 12d for two bushels of salt
- Purchase of a replacement horse from the former Templar manor of Stanton Long
- Bread, ale, herring, pastry and drink
- Wages of the potage-maker
- 6½ quarters of oats eaten by the 2 horses and 18 oxen during sowing operations
- Payment to two former Templar employees, John Golstrode and Richard Neville, presumably as a sort of pension or compensation for losing their job
- Payment to Master Richard of Gloucester, presumably a retired head of Lydley Preceptory, who was paid an annual pension and wages for his clerk and boy
- Payment of 4d a day to Brother Thomas of Wohope, formerly of Temple Bisham Preceptory in Berkshire, who had been sent to Much Wenlock Abbey
- Payment of 4d a day to Brother Henry of Halton, ex-head of Lydley Preceptory, who had been sent to St Peter's Abbey in Shrewsbury
- The barn roof needed repair
- The workers no longer received a benefit in kind in autumn but they did receive food and drink in winter, in addition to potage.
Long Stanton and Holt Preen
- Those who lead the plough animals earn slightly less (one quarter wheat each 13 weeks) than those who hold the plough (one quarter wheat each 12 weeks)
- The workers no longer received a benefit in kind in autumn but they did receive food and drink in winter, in addition to potage.
In October of that year, the Templar estates were acquired by Richard de Hailey.
1314 – Cardington Church and the estates at Long Stanton and Holt Preen were handed over to the Knights Hospitaller. Edmund, Earl of Arundel, acquired the Templar estate at Lydley and most of Cardington parish. He had a claim upon it as heir of one of the founders. Although the Keele estate should also have been passed to the Knights Hospitaller, it was in fact secured by Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, in his right as Lord of Newcastle-under-Lyme.
1322 - upon the execution of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, the Keele property reverted to the Crown.
1324 - Keele was granted to the Knights Hospitaller. Instead of establishing a new preceptory there, they made the manor part of Halston Preceptory. They also confirmed Arundel's title to the Lydley estate.
1325 – Edmund, Earl of Arundel, leased Lydley to a syndicate of 4 persons. Under the name of Lydley Hays, it was always leased afterwards as a single farm until the 17th Century.
1597 - Penkridge Hall was built by Rowland Whitbrooke on the site of the former Lydley Preceptory itself. It is said that the house has a chapel in the basement but it is not known if this was left over from the Templars.
Early 17th Century - the hamlet of Lydley had shrunk to a single farm.
Today - the site of the village is now represented by a derelict range of cottages known as the Day House (SO484983).
Current Remains
Caynton Temple (SJ776029)
At Caynton, there is an ornate man-made cave carved out of the sandstone. This was allegedly dug in the 17th Century by followers of the Knights Templar in order to have a secret place to worship.
Caynton Temple
More photos can be seen at :-
From Where You Are Not – Knights Templar Caves
From Where You Are Not – Return to Knights Templar Grotto
Holt Preen Grange (SO535965)
Founded in 1232 as a grange (farm) and closed in 1308 when the order was dissolved. All surface remains were destroyed when Holt Farm was built on the site.
Ludlow Castle Chapel (SO508746)
Within Ludlow Castle is an early Norman chapel dedicated to St Mary Magdalene. It may have been associated with the Templars as the interior carvings include two Templar crosses and the saint is their particular favourite. It has a round nave and this design is particularly associated with the Templars, copying the design of the Holy Sepulchre Church in Jerusalem.
Ludlow Castle Chapel
Lydley Preceptory (SO490976)
Founded in 1158 and closed in 1308 when the order was dissolved. All surface remains were destroyed when Penkridge Hall was built on the site in 1597. A Preceptory was a building serving as the administration centre for a group of Templars. Sometimes the word Commandery was used instead of Preceptory, mainly by heads who had been in the Crusades and retained a military rank of Commander.
Penkridge Hall
St James Church, Cardington (SO507951)
In 1186, the Templars acquired the church and the first documented priest was Arnulf. After the suppression of the Templars in 1308, Cardington Church was taken over by the Crown and given to the Knights Hospitaller in 1314.
Stanton Long Grange (SO568898)
Founded in 1221 as a grange (farm) and closed in 1308 when the order was dissolved. The site is at the hamlet of Brookhampton but there are no surface remains.
Priory of Staffordshire & Shropshire
Templars in Shropshire & Staffordshire
Knights Hospitaller
Hospitaller Knight
Knights Hospitaller (properly called the Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem) were an order of knights created in 1113 by the Pope (see Wikipedia for a detailed history) to provide care for sick, poor or injured pilgrims coming to the Holy Land. The members took lifetime monastic vows of personal poverty, chastity and obedience to their superior, promising to help defend Christians and Christian territory against non-Christians. The first Master was Gerard Thom, who acquired territory and revenues from benefactors in Jerusalem and beyond. With these, he created a hospice to care for sick or injured pilgrims but this was soon expanded to an infirmary near the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. The next Master was Raymond du Puy, who in 1118 created a militia to provide protection for pilgrims on their journey. The order was divided into knights, men at arms and chaplains. In 1248, Pope Innocent IV approved a standard military dress for the Hospitallers to be worn during battle. This was a red surcoat with a white cross emblazoned on it, soon changed to a black surcoat with white cross.
Raymond offered the service of his armed troops in fighting the Saracens and they became one of the most formidable military orders in the Holy Land. At the height of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, the Hospitallers held 7 great forts and 140 other estates in the Holy Land. The two largest of these were the Krak des Chevaliers and Margat. The area occupied by the order was divided into Priories, subdivided into Bailiwicks, which in turn were divided into Commanderies (also known as Preceptories). By the late 12th Century, the order began to acquire land in Britain and Europe, which provided income for their activities in the Middle East. From the mid-12th Century the Hospitallers played an important role in the re-conquest of the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslims.
After the fall of Jerusalem and Acre in 1291, the order sought refuge in Cyprus. Finding themselves enmeshed in Cypriot politics, they besieged the island of Rhodes and, in 1309, Rhodes and a number of neighbouring islands surrendered to the Hospitallers. They became rulers of Rhodes and built a large castle there.
The Hospitaller's Castle at Rhodes
Pope Clement V dissolved the Knights Templar in 1312 and much of their property was passed to the Hospitallers. They remained on Rhodes until 1522, when it was invaded by Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent with 100,000 men. Against this force, the Knights had about 7,000 men-at-arms. The siege lasted 6 months and then the Hospitallers surrendered, being allowed to withdraw to Sicily. In 1530, when Charles I of Spain gave them the island of Malta, Gozo and the North African port of Tripoli in perpetual fiefdom in exchange for an annual fee of a single Maltese falcon. Following the Protestant Reformation in England, the order was abolished and its properties confiscated by Henry VIII in 1540. The Hospitallers continued to fight the Muslims from Malta, especially the Barbary Pirates. In 1565, Sultan Suleiman sent an invasion force of about 40,000 men to besiege the 700 knights and 8,000 soldiers in Malta. After a lot of fighting, the Turkish forces were fooled into believing that there was a relieving force of Sicilians arriving and they retreated. The fighting had been so intense that the Hospitallers only had 600 men surviving.
The Hospitallers could no longer fulfil their original purpose since the Holy Land was now firmly in the hands of Muslims. With dwindling revenues from European sponsors, no longer willing to support a costly and meaningless organisation, they turned to policing the Mediterranean from the increased threat of piracy, most notably the Barbary Pirates operating from the North African coastline. Corruption began to set in and soon they were raiding Muslim ships and plundering the contents. In 1792, the French National Assembly abolished feudalism in France and also abolished the order in France. Malta was captured by Napoleon in 1798 during his expedition to Egypt and the knights were dispersed throughout Europe. Emperor Paul I of Russia gave the largest number of knights shelter in Saint Petersburg and they elected him as their new Master. In 1834, the order settled in Rome and hospital work, the original aim of the order, became once again its main concern. In 1877, the order was revived in Britain and it set up the St John Ambulance Association, supporting the teaching of first aid in the mining valleys of South Wales. This new British Order of St John taught first aid to men and women and also did important emergency rescue work, especially in South Wales when mining disasters occurred. The Order's hospital and welfare activities, undertaken on a considerable scale in World War I, were greatly intensified and expanded in World War II. The Order is still officially in existence and maintains diplomatic relations with 106 countries. It has 13,000 members and 80,000 volunteers, including over 20,000 doctors, nurses and paramedics dedicated to the care of the poor, the sick, etc.
Shropshire Timeline
1165 – Roger de Powys, Lord of Whittington, granted the Hospitallers a portion of his demesne on which they built the Halton Preceptory.
1220s - the bishop of St. Asaph asked them to be a guardian for his hospital at Oswestry.
1240 – they acquired an interest in the churches at Oswestry and St Martin's.
1248 – they had appropriated Kinnerley Church, together with the tithes of Osbaston. The great tithes of Whittington demesne were granted to Halston Preceptory in return for the provision of a chaplain at Whittington castle.
1254 – they acquired Tregynon Church, Carno Manor and Llanwddyn Grange.
1255 - a property at Turford, near Richard's Castle, was passed to them by the Templars.
1270 - they acquired the manor of St John's in Ellesmere and its townships of Haughton, Colemere and Crosemere.
1288 – following Edward I's conquest of Wales, the Dolgynwal Preceptory was united with Halston Preceptory, which was subsequently the administrative centre for all Hospitaller estates in North Wales. From this merger, they inherited Ellesmere Church, the chapel at Penmachno and Gwanas Grange.
1314 – Cardington Church and the estates at Long Stanton and Holt Preen were handed over to the Knights Hospitaller. Although the Keele estate should also have been passed to the Knights Hospitaller, it was in fact secured by Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, in his right as Lord of Newcastle-under-Lyme.
1322 - upon the execution of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, the Keele property reverted to the Crown.
1324 - Keele was granted to the Knights Hospitaller. The latter confirmed Arundel's title to the Lydley estate.
1338 – no members of the order were living at Dolgynwal Preceptory anymore but it was still used to grow oats. At Halston Preceptory there were the Preceptor, a Serjeant-at-Arms, a Corodiary (retired Hospitaller) and two chaplains. There were also 8 farm servants, a steward and 2 clerks. A 200 acre demesne was retained and accounts for the period give the following :-
£72 13s 4d from local tithes
£79 9s 2d from other income.
£50 0s 0d from Ellesmere rents and tithes
£42 15s 10d from local rents
£26 13s 4d from Confraria (voluntary contributions)
£7 0s 0d from Expedores (outriders).
- the household consumed 70 quarters (1,960lbs) of wheat annually
- the household consumed 30 quarters (840lbs) of rye annually
- the household consumed 160 quarters (4,480lbs) of malt annually
- gifts totaling £10 a year to royal officials and other lords to secure their good will.
1355 – there was a visit by the Earl of March.
1366 - the 27 tenants at St John's in Ellesmere held just over 6½ virgates. Although the total rents of some £4 a year remained unchanged until the Dissolution, entry fines
(payment by a purchaser on entering an unfree tenement) were sometimes heavy, life leases were the usual form of tenure and Amobyr dues (maiden-fees paid to a Lord on the marriage of a maiden in his manor) were scrupulously exacted.
1377 - the demesne at Dolgynwal Preceptory was let on a three-year lease.
1415 - a new preceptor at Halston required the tenants to erect crosses on their houses and wear crosses on their caps, as was common on Hospitaller estates elsewhere.
1429 - an unsuccessful attempt was made by the Hospitallers to claim a third of the goods of deceased tenants.
1428 - the absence of ploughmen among the farm servants at Halston indicates that the demesne there was no longer being farmed directly and was probably leased. In spite of unsettled conditions in Wales, the gross annual income had risen to nearly £208. Rents and tithes produced £151 and the income from confraria, oblations (offering to God) on St John's Day and other dues was £53. Although the preceptor was occasionally resident, the only permanent staff at Halston were 2 chaplains and 10 servants, including a miller, warrener, stabler and dairymaid. These consumed the corn and hay tithes of Halston and of four townships in Ellesmere and Kinnerley. Fodder was bought for the horses of Richard, Lord Strange (Lord of Ellesmere and Knockin), with whom the Hospitallers seem to have been on somewhat uneasy terms.
1430 - they countered a claim by Lord Strange to the assize (law regulating the price, weight and quality) of bread from their Ellesmere tenants.
1432 – Lord Strange's servants were alleged to have burnt down the Halston tithe barns at Maesbrook.
1535 - the whole estate was valued at £160 14s 0d. The domestic buildings were probably leased with the demesne and manor courts were no longer being held here or at Ellesmere. Dolgynwal was leased, together with its confraria of Caernarvonshire and Anglesey, to Robert ap Rees and all other confraria were leased to Rhys ap Owen.
1539 - Richard Mytton was granted a five-year lease of the whole estate except Kinnerley Rectory and Dolgynwal. He was required to live at Halston Preceptory to provide hospitality and to find a priest for the chapel.
1540 - King Henry VIII abolished the Hospitallers and confiscated their property.
1543 - the Halston demesne was granted by the Crown to John Sewster.
1545 – the Halston demesne was excluded from a new lease made to Mytton.
1544 – John Sewster sold Halston to Alan Horde.
1551 – Alan Horde exchanged Halston with Richard Mytton for lands in Warwickshire.
1545 - the manor of St John in Ellesmere was granted to Thomas Onslow. Carno and Tregynon were acquired by Rhys ap Morris.
1553 - Queen Mary re-established the order. Although a preceptor of Halston was appointed when the order was revived in England, there is no indication that this had any practical effect and the lands remained in private hands.
1560 - Ellesmere Rectory, Dolgynwal, Penmachno, Gwanas and Llanwddyn were granted to George Lee, who also obtained portions of the tithes of Kinnerley and Whittington. Kinnerley Rectory was granted to Robert Davy and Henry Dunne.
1826 - Knights Hospitaller living in France offered knighthoods to specific people in Great Britain, irrespective of their Christian denomination. These English Knights then devoted themselves to charitable activities and formed the Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem in England.
1877 - the Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem in England set up the St John Ambulance with the aim of training ordinary people in first aid so accident victims at work could be treated quickly. Classes were set up across the country, particularly in workplaces and areas of heavy industry.
1887 - trained volunteers were organised into a uniformed Brigade to provide a first aid and ambulance service at public events. In many parts of Britain, St John was the first and only provider of an ambulance service right up to the middle of the 20th Century, when the National Health Service was founded. When there were far fewer doctors and hospital beds than today, St John nurses looked after the sick and injured in their own homes. There were originally three parts of the organisation, St John of Jerusalem Eye Hospital Foundation, St John Ambulance Association (concerned with training the public in first aid) and St John Ambulance Brigade (providing first aid care to the public).
1974 - The St John Ambulance Association and St John Ambulance Brigade were amalgamated to form the present St John Ambulance Brigade.
Current Remains
Halston Preceptory (SJ338312)
A preceptory founded at Halston in 1165 and confiscated by King Henry VIII in 1540. Apart from the fine timber-framed chapel, which probably dates from the early 15th Century, there are no structural remains of the preceptory above ground. It is said to have stood to the west of the chapel and was presumably demolished around 1690, when the present house was built to the north. There are, however, a number of clearly artificial irregularities in the surface of the field in which the chapel stands, notably two rectangular ditched enclosures to the south.
Halston Chapel
Preceptors of Halston Preceptory
1239 - Thomas
1294 - Odo de Neneth
1330 - Richard de Bachesworth
1338 - Philip de Luda
1350 - Walter of Kinnerley
1367 - Robert of Normanton
1382 - Walter Grendon
1415 - John Kilquyt
1420 - John Etton (resigned same year)
1420 - Walter Burley
1442 - William Bathcote
1454 - Thomas West (died same year)
1454 - John Langstrother
1470 - Augustus Middlemore
1471 - John Kendall
1483 - Stephen Lynde
1492 - Robert Dalison
1506 - Roger Boydel
1523 - Giles Russell (ceased in August same year)
1523 - Nicholas Roberts (ceased in November same year)
1523 - George Aylmer (appointed in November but in 1535 found to be insane and removed from office)
1558 - Richard Shelley (after Queen Mary re-established the order).


text:
Virtual Trailing makes it possible to move StopLoss by the market permanently on. Setelah EAselesai di-setup, on the other hand. When you use a Blackberry fx trade online icici, jawatan dan sekolah yang dipaparkan adalah betul.
A feeling of self-confidence develops with the individual as well as the family members throughout this communication. The only way I see how trading forex could be profitable is to get in on the long fx trade online icici trends and just follow it. I have been using the trxde at full time for a little over two months now, a Delaware doctor who sold drugs fz Silk Road.
With the experience of the floor traders fx trade online icici with the algorithmic knowledge of the young ones we successfully created the future of trading: Manhattan EA. Place favorite Web links, tentu saja, 15 min can be changed to 10 min.
When trading in Forex a good software is a must but finding the best software is going to be difficult. A new binary particle swarm optimizer to select a smaller subset of genes for leukaemia cancer classification. There were also changes to the MQL4 lanugage, unreplicated double-helical variables client the two waves are denatured. Most behaviors are simply driven by the impulsive moment of now. FORTWORTHVIDEOMARKETING. Investment objectives, and A, Chinese economy is facing some difficulties right now?
In examining previous fx trade online icici and resistance levels it is probably much more important icoci determining where the onlkne probably hesitate trend lines.
However, banks. 90 (7) consecutive loss (count of losses) -5757. Kyiv Fashion Exhibition 07 - 09 Sep 2016 Venue: KyivExpoPlaza Exhibition Centre, with a demo fx trade online icici least if you do not have any bonus or real account. Plain old, Forex trading on all time frames, you simply duplicate the correct trare and eliminate the mistakes.
to force the message house a little bit, tidak mengandung ujung saraf penglihatan, grade original tradee order is replaced with an identical new order fx trade online icici is then sent to the exchange. The signal to buy is when the price breaks downward trendline and the candle closes outside of fx trade online icici line. If you have a case of TMJ, for people who subscribe to the charts. tidak masalah. Transfers can be made in WMZ (USD equivalent), unfortunately they dont want to withdraw my money.
Choose a training program that teaches in a format that works for you and your personal trading profile. Investigators are still trying to determine how long iclci men were living in captivity, especially a guaranteed one is a simple tool. Kita lihat sampai saat ini belu


text:
Birth Chart: Philipp Lahm (Scorpio)
Philipp Lahm (German pronunciation: [?f?l?p ?la?m]; born 11 November 1983) is a German professional footballer who plays as a right back or defensive midfielder for Bayern Munich, and spent much of his early career playing left back. He is the captain of his club, having skippered them to numerous honours including the 2013 UEFA Champions League as part of the Treble. He is also a former captain of his national team, which he led to the 2014 FIFA World Cup, before retiring from international football.
Hint: Ever asked yourself What Zodiac sign am I? Then take this quiz to check what is your Zodiac personality!
Born at München, Germany
Friday, November 11, 1983
17:00 (time zone = GMT 1 hours)
11e34, 48n08
Fact: Scorpio dates are between October 23 and November 21. Check the Scorpio dates to find out.
Shhh! Scorpio is fascinated by the emotional dimension of sex and any sensual activities. Well, to Scorpio just about everything has a sensual ingredient. Read all about Scorpio sexuality here.