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Dhananjay on Brahmacharya
See a complete list of questions and answers on Celibacy by Dhananjay here, by topic and date
The Meaning of Brahmacharya
The importance and necessity of brahmacharya is mentioned in all scriptures related to the path of enlightenment and liberation. The major works include:
- Bhagavad Gita
- Yoga Sutras
- The 108 Upanishads
- Hatha Yoga Pradipika by Svatmârama
- Siva Samhita
- Yoga Vâsista
- Aparokshânubhuti by Adi Sankarâcharya
Brahmacharya is the foundation for the growth of the building called liberation; no path to liberation can survive without it.
1. One completely surrenders to the Brahman, overcomes the ego and realizes himself to be a tool of the Almighty after kaivalya (self-realization leading to liberation). Such an enlightened being is the complete, real brahmachari, for he does not have the concept of a separate self. All others in the path are aspiring brahmacharis who are striving to reach that supreme state.
2. Such an enlightened being constantly lives in the Brahman itself and considers himself no different. This world which is an image akin to that in a dream no longer exists for him, though he sees it just like any of us. Just as a man who has woken up from a dream has realized the falsity of the dream characters and firmly exists in his state of wakeful reality, the enlightened sage rests firm on the bedrock of the absolute truth called Brahman, having irreversably woken up from the dream called samsara (dualistic world of maya). Upon reaching this state, his concept of a separate self vanishes. Everything becomes the one and only Brahman (sarvam khalvidam brahman). This is the meaning of overcoming the individual ego. Just as a chisel in the hands of a sculptor is an extension tool, such a sage has fully realized himself as the extension of the Almighty.
3. Follow a life of yoga and unbroken brahmacharya with God meditation for a few years as described. You will then slowly start getting an idea of what that great Lord intends for you.
Questions and Answers
Q. How at attain mental celibacy?
A. After a few years of practicing yoga and brahmacharya with meditation, the yogi becomes wise to the ways of maya and is able to discern the truth behind the false charm and impermanent beauty of the body to a larger extent. This helps him develop immunity to the spells of maya to a better extent. Till then, one has to constantly remind himself of its falsity and exert. Bahya kumbhaka (exhaling and not breathing) can be practiced for short periods of within a minute based on one's comfort if one so wishes.
Diseases which manifest during the initial years of brahmacharya are the result of karma which surfaces in the form of toxins. Such toxins have been ingrained in this or previous existences due to one's wrong actions. When the body purifies through the conserved prana via pranayama, the nâdis (astral energy channels) which are toxified and partially blocked in the non-yogi suddenly start getting cleansed. This cleaning results in those toxins surfacing. When a particular toxin surfaces, the disease or illness represented by that toxin briefly manifests and then goes away. This is how one has to undo the impurity embedded. It is inevitable and a part of karmic cleansing. Karmic diseases or illnesses are not avoidable. They are a part of one's destiny and have to be gone through.
Q. From what I understand, it takes about 12 years for the kundalini to rise completely through all chakras. Approximately how long does it take a brahmachari to rise to the 3rd chakra?
A. It need not take 12 years for kundalini to rise to the 7th or sahasrara chakra. It can occur as early as within 2 years using the right practice (as in the case of advanced souls) or may take many lifetimes as well. The time taken depends on one's evolutionary level, present efforts, and most importantly the grace of God.
Q. I read somewhere that prana or chi gets stored somewhere in the belly region; in Chinese medicine they call this place the lower dantian. When it gets filled, the energy starts going upwards thanks to brahmacharya. Can you do something else to help the process? Or must the energy go up on its own with bramacharya? In other words, do we have control over the energy?
A. Based on the kind of activity the brahmachari indulges, prana automatically channelizes in that direction. If he is a sportsman, his energy flows to the concerned muscles in abundance. If he is a scientist, towards his mental faculties, and if he is a yogi seeking self-realization, he sinks into deep meditation seeking the absolute truth. These processes are automatic.
Q. Have you ever heard of "tummo"? Apparently it's a practice that generates heat. What is its connection with brahmacharya?
A. Tummo represents the process of channelizing prana through the 3rd or manipura chakra so as to generate enormous heat both within and without the body. It is nothing but utilizing the kundalini power to generate heat. Advanced Buddhist siddhas living in high altitudes under snowy conditions such as in caves sometimes use this technique to keep themselves warm. When mastered, the yogi can sit without clothes in sub-zero freezing conditions day after day in meditation, his body being warm all the time. Due to the difference between the body temperature maintained through tummo and the atmospheric temperature at say -15 deg celcius, the snow or ice around him starts melting, resulting in a small puddle of water.
Every yogi cannot perform tummo. Only an advanced siddha who has mastery over the pancha mahabhutas (5 elements) becomes capable of the technique. It is the power of prana which is again used in this practice, and prana gets conserved by no other means than brahmacharya.
Q. As for the Urdhvaretas, are they immortal?
A. When a child reaches puberty, bindu (seed) stored in the ajna chakra starts to flow down and the downward flow of prana into the sexual organs activates, whereupon they mature. The gates for the downward flow of life energy governed by bindu are then thrown open forever. With every loss of bindu the body degrades and deteriorates. It is very difficult to close these gates again and stop the flow. When through great efforts at a life of yoga and strict brahmacharya under the grace of the Lord, the yogi stops this flow and reverses it back to the brain; he is then known to have become an urdhvaretas. I.e., urdhva-upwards, rethas-sexual fluid, meaning one who retains his seed in the brain. Bindu then stops flowing down in such a yogi, as a result of which the veerya (semen) also stops being produced. It is retained as soma (nectar) in the brain. Aging slows down drastically thereupon. The urdhvareta yogi is then the equivalent of a deva (celestial God) in rank and not a human, though occupying the physical body. This is what is meant by the term urdhvareta.
True immortality comes only when one attains kaivalya (liberation), for as long as there is no liberation, there is rebirth in the physical body or astral body which one day has to die. This body made of the elements cannot last forever (though it can be maintained for hundreds of years under certain criterions by advanced yogis) as its constituents themselves as asat (unreal). Hence being an urdhvareta does not confer eternal immortality. For that, one has to revert to his true state of the Atman which is always eternal and immortal, via liberation.
Q. If done with sincerity, do yogas and meditation open up the chakras?
A. Yes.
Q. Do people feel a tingling sensation down the spine while meditating or praying intensely?
A. Tingling sensations along the spinal column occur when prana (vital energy) rises up during pranothana (linear movement of prana).
Q. People take that strange sensation as some divine blessing from the ultimate source (God).They strongly feel so. Are they right or misguided?
A. Isn't this life itself a blessing? This life of a human where one can understand things using intelligence, to contemplate and decipher the secrets of one's existence so as to attain liberation and eternal bliss? Such a blessing is not available to animals. All progress that one makes towards knowing his true self are blessings. Hence the sensations that occur during yogic practice carried out for self-realization can be assumed as the Lord's blessings if one so wishes.
Q. You have said that before marriage we should maintain celibacy and after marriage we should perform the act only for progency; and if the partner wants then we should perform non ejaculatory sex in the initial years for the bond between couples. So my doubt is if the partner performs non ejaculatory sex, then after the act the semen in ejaculatory mode will escape as it has no outlet and this is equal to tantrik sex (if I am wrong correct me) and voluntarily stopping the ejaculation might cause health problems. So in this way he is losing his prana while engaging in the whole act and he is refraining from ejaculation and this results in wet dream. So is it better to use the above method or is it better to ejaculate in the act (from a health point of view)? And in this method will he be having the craving for sense pleasure as in the first method?
A. Non-ejaculatory sex can be applied only for a few months so as to overcome the slavery to the sensation of ejaculation in the process of attaining to complete brahmacharya. Since there is the absence of voluntary ejaculation, and since there is no direct expulsion of veerya, the energy lost is somewhat lesser. However, wet-dreams do not reduce or stop it. Only one hundred percent brahmacharya with meditation leads to urdhvaretas. When such a life of honesty is adhered to, everything falls in place.
Q. In the other posts about forms of semen, you said that the sexual excitement takes every essence of body and produces semen.
A. Bindu (seed) under sexual excitement leads to formation of semen (which gets supercharged with prana). The net sum of all essences in the body is prana and it is prana which is lost through loss of veerya.
Q. And so I am little confused at what point of time the body takes the essence and converts into semen: a) If the sexual thoughts arises and we think of God, these thoughts alternate one after other; b) If we unintentionally see women for some seconds or minutes in magazines, newspapers, tv, etc. I want to know the exact point where it happens so that I can be extra careful.
A. The lesser the mind focuses on the sense of sexuality, the better are the chances of maintaining brahmacharya. The more the time spent on sight/fantasy/imagination, the faster becomes the loss of prana through formation of semen. The exact point cannot be determined as the whole process is seamless and quick. Such is the Leela of the Lord. The best option is to divert the mind at the very moment a sexual signal arises from within, and reinforce vairagya (dispassion).
Q. I have almost five months of unbroken brahmacharya. I am mostly confident with avoiding self-stimulation, but I am concerned about temptation with an actual woman. It seems as if I am receiving a bit more attention lately from women, almost as if I am being tested. I do not want to lose brahmacharya, but I know I would be vulnerable if an actual woman were available to me. Any suggestions?
A. Contact with women should be brief, to the point and always be limited to necessity. A sense of vairagya (dispassion) should be always kept in the mind as regards all worldly things including the impermanent body of a woman which degrades with time and is nothing but a flesh bag containing excrement. When such efforts are applied with an absolute life of yoga supported by devotion to the Lord and much meditation, things becomes easier and the boat called brahmacharya braves troubled waters.
Q. When I tried to analyse my past failures in celibacy, or I should rather call it my succumbing to indulgence, I observe that after remaining celibate for a while, the bodily heat is increasing, and I am feeling uncomfortable and sleepless, and finally reaching a point where one feels like having a break at least to get some good sleep. Also the mood of happiness due to our internal state or due to achieving anything outside, creates an escape for mind to celebrate by indulgence. How do we get out of thid kind of traps?
A. Through Srvana (reading material related to self-realization such as the Bhagavad Gita, the Upanishads, Patanjali's Yoga Sutras and the words of the wise), Manana (contemplation on what has been read and learnt) and Nidhidhyasana (meditation), the mind gradually becomes poised towards unbroken brahmacharya and divinity. Wisdom becomes stronger. To achieve all these a life of yogic practice is to be adhered to with commitment. The Astangas (8 limbs of yoga) when practiced with sincerity instill the strength to ward away maya which is the cause behind breaks.
Q. I have read past answers on marriage relationships or limitation on sexual activities after getting one or two children. But the problem is when our partner demeans us or wants to further act for enjoyment or for satisfaction of her demand. So how can I or convince her on brahmacharya or what is the purpose of sex?
A. Like all other things, the nature of the partner that one gets is already decided in destiny. If the practice of yoga and brahmacharya for self-realization is genuine with God-devotion and surrender, things eventually fall in place and the partner becomes supportive.
Q. Continuous loss of semen by nighfall has made me weak, my face is glowless, eyes are sunken; earlier I used to be a smart guy, but now I have lot of health related problems. I just want to know whether I can ever become as smart as I was before, whether I can ever recover, and how long it will take to restore to my original health and looks?
A. Take up the practice of yoga and unbroken brahmacharya as explained in past answers. After a few years of such practice, things will improve and come back to normalcy by the grace of the Lord.
Q. In one of your posts I read that if we practice brahmachraya before marriage and there are breaks after marriage apart from progency, then we will face health and other problems due to long period of brahmacharya and breaking it. So I am thinking like this: (A) I will perform unbroken brahmacharya till marriage (so that I become somewhat healthy and receive other benefits) and then according to spouse's desire I break my brahmacharya for some period (2-3 years) then make her understand the purpose and start my practice again. (B) I will break brahmacharya every 40 or 50 days(so as to eliminate the problems faced in future) and then continue like this till I start unbroken brahmacharya after my marriage. Is this correct to do?
A. A person who has practiced many years of unbroken brahmacharya with deep meditation will generally not get the mind to squander his resources in a life of wanton sexuality. His indulgence gets limited to progeny automatically further to the gnyana (wisdom) he acquires from the years of practice. Also, such an honest aspirant who is spiritually evolved will most often get blessed with a wife who is also spiritually compatible to his level of progress. Give consent to marriage at the earliest with devotion to the Lord and as a part of duty. Things will work as destined and the journey called life moves on.
Q. I always used to be a calm person, at least on the outside. Since starting the practice, most of the time there is still poise but sometimes there is a burst of emotion, especially anger which seems uncontrollable for the moment. Also these mood swings are without any reason. Where am I missing out?
A. Brahmacharya increases the overall energy. When the brahmachari succumbs to lower traits such as anger, which is nothing but energy in the negative form, the intensity is higher as more energy is within store. Anger however dissipates all the saved and built up energy which is to be used for self-realization. Hence one should overcome anger through the practice of yoga and gnyana (knowledge of the absolute truth).
Q. On the course of following brahamacharya, there will be various instances where a person will be tested in terms of introduction of women. How should a brahamachari approach these situations?
A. One should carry out indriya nigraha (restraint of the senses) to the best possible extent along with a life of yoga and unbroken brahmacharya with regular meditation. This will gradually dissolve the false concept of sexuality for recreation and establish the sense of reality free from the same. Also, a mind kept occupied with constructive work and a body subjected to the yogic lifestyle help to break this situation. The initial period has to be approached with firm determination and belief in the fact that recreational sexuality ends in sorrow and is mâya (illusion and unreal). There is no other method. If a person cannot accept this truth, he will realize it the hard way. Also, it is to be remembered that the purpose behind limiting interaction with the opposite gender in the initial stages is to prevent the flaring up of past tendencies (such tendencies still being live and strong). The intention is not to run away from life situations but only to restrict downfall. Just as an ill person has to stay clear of conditions which might aggrevate his illness till he becomes healthy, the brahmachari has to the best possible extent stay clear of situations and actions which trigger the disease called recreational sexuality till he advances towards immunity from the same.
When this lifestyle is adhered to for a few years, the yogi slowly develops rtambhara prajna (truth-bearing intellect supported by correct morality) after mastering sasmita samadhi and becoming an urdhvareta. He will then not be easily tempted sexually in the presence of women, as his discriminative ability superceeds the sexual samskaras which have weakened. He can then function normally without sexual response in situations where there is the unavoidable company of women. Unless he willfully lets his guard down forgetting the Lord and Guru, he is immune to downfall from this stage onwards.
Q. What are the difference between kapalabhathika and bhastrika pranayama?
A. In kapalabhati, puraka (inhalation) is slower and gradual compared to rechaka (exhalation) which is forceful and fast with abrupt abdominal contraction. There is no kumbhaka (retention). In bhastrika, one first practices puraka and rechaka a number of times in rapid succession with force and speed. Then, a slow, deep puraka, followed by a long kumbhaka and a slow, deep rechaka. This is one bhastrika.
Q. Do you know any example of a person starting celibacy after 30 years and still being fully illumined?
A. Lord Buddha took up his quest for self realization while nearing his 30th year. Swami Sivananda was himself in his early thirties when he took to Sanyas for enlightenment. There are innumerable examples of people having taken up brahmacharya in their early thirties and having attained to the final goal. The period of 32-34 is a general pointer for the same. Hence those wishing for liberation should try for marriage as soon as they start earning through a job and get done with fathering a child, following which the path becomes clear to practice unbroken brahmacharya. The earlier this is got done with, the better.
When one's devotion to the Lord is genuine with complete surrender and honesty, it leads to unbroken brahmacharya with deep God meditation. Self-realization comes not merely by one's efforts but by the grace of God, for HE is the doer and not us. The honest brahmachari should not worry regarding the results and fruits of his practice. Our right is to the effort alone and never to the fruits. That, the Lord delivers, based on one's efforts, past karma and HIS own divine will.
Q. If you don't mind, at what age did you start your lifelong celibacy practice? Since you are married, did you follow some special regulations or code of conduct in sync with your spouse? In a married life, celibacy is bound to be more challenging than in a bachelor life.
A. Till one attains kaivalya (self-realization), one should not reveal or proclaim specific details of one's practice. When one's efforts are sincere, when there is much weight of positive samskaras from previous births towards the attainment of liberation (meaning the jiva has striven much in this direction previously), the Lord's grace shines in plenty and marriage does not become an impediment to unbroken practice. Even an unwilling wife, eventually becomes willing and helpful. The way to achieve such an environment is through dedicated effort at yoga and brahmacharya and through sincere devotion to God. Then, favorable conditions come without doubt in this very birth or in next successive births.
One's attitude should be – "Nothing is more important than devotion and respect to the Lord through yoga and brahmacharya. Never shall I fail HIM through Abrahmacharya (incontinence). I do not perform any actions for myself but only as a token of service to HIM. I will accept whatever HE offers as my destiny, constantly in HIS thought, all the while working to please HIM and stay true to my Dharma (the attainment of liberation). Let it take as long as necessary, I will not worry about time. The ever just and merciful Lord never fails HIS sincere devotees, and always awards them with liberation at the right moment".
Q. How long does the "troublesome phase" in celibacy practice remain? I have read in a book by Swami Brahmananda that the first 3 years are most challenging and things become relatively cool afterwards on spiritual path.
A. The troublesome phase remains till one becomes a complete urdhvareta. After the yogi reaches this rank, he becomes relatively immune to the vulnerability experienced as a beginner. However, other dangers then blossom as he acquires siddhis, name, fame, wealth, etc., and becomes exceedingly attractive in the eyes of the other gender. While the earlier troubles disappear, these offerings of mâya then test him in more subtle ways. Only one who constantly reminds himself of the falsity of ahamkara (I-ness or Ego) and the reality of the Lord, and stays fixed to him with complete surrender and devotion can stay afloat from here on. Arrogance or a feeling of superiority will bring the urdhvareta down to square one in no time (as in the case of Sage Visvamitra). One is prone to downfall via such subtle tests till self-realization, as stated by Lord Krishna in the Bhagavad-Gita.
Q. Is medha nadi (the astral nerve) destroyed if someone marries after 12 years of brahmchary?
A. Yogis generally do not opt for children after the completion of such 12 year practice as they would have finished their fathering objectives before the start, early in marriage. However, medha nâdi cannot get affected through procreational sexual activity with one's lawful wife even after 12 years of unbroken brahmacharya.
Q. I completed one month and a week in brahmacharya, so my question is why is life seeming a burden to me as if every door is closing? Even though I want to practice sincerely, some kind of obstacles are coming my way while practicing; I am tempted sometime to eat meat and watch porn even when I remind myself.
A. Past samskaras (impressions) and vasanas (tendencies) which are very dense and strong at the start of practice cause impediments. The process of their removal and cleansing can also cause sorrow and painful life situations. The initial 2 years or so of practice are difficult due to this reason. Efforts should be Herculean with surrender and devotion to the Almighty. One wishing progress in brahmacharya should never watch porn as this equals a voluntarily break in practice and creates bad karma which becomes difficult to remove. Persevere in yogic practice with determination and complete sincerity. Do not cheat yourself with porn. God has let your progress for a month. Watching porn after receiving such grace from the Lord amounts to cheating HIM. It is unpardonable. If the bad habit is reverted to, all bliss and advancement will get reset to zero with more negative karma than before and brahmacharya will break without doubt, leading to sorrow.
Q. In today's world, even in 'cultured' india, pre-marital relationships has become the norm. Woman are also lying about their past so that they can get a good groom. Having a boyfriend has become like a norm and a must to get social acceptance. With such an emerging culture, how can God help me? How to deal with such people? How can beginner yogis survive amidst such people, who have no qualms about losing physical dignity and do not uphold true Indian culture?
A. While the degradation from correct moral culture and ethics is no doubt on the rise, this is not a new phenomenon. Even during earlier times, only a handful of people took to the practice of yoga (union with God) while the majority took to bhoga (union with sense pleasures). The scriptures written tens of thousands of years back say – "An established urdhvareta is one in a billion". This statement points to the rarity of finding one who is established in yoga. So samsâra (world of dualistic existence) continues as long as willed by HIM. HE (God) has made brahmacharya and yoga very difficult and unreachable. Only the very deserving and honest succeed. This world being HIS Leela (divine play), HE does not confer such progress or knowledge to one and all. That jiva which has a few or possibly one last birth remaining here on Earth, alone progresses tirelessly and attains the objective. The virtuous and pious have thus always been a minority. Hence there is no need to worry regarding the reverse ways of the world. This world and its temptations are a test for the brahmachari, for how can accomplishments be certified without tests under real conditions?
Q. Six years ago I had a relationship with a girl which lasted about 2 years. It was a intimate relationship, the longest relationship I have had. I am 26 now. Since then there has been only minor to zero sexual contact. I have a feeling that the sexual energy created in that relationship remains within this being.
A. The astral tubular connection that arises between a man and a woman further to the merger of their Linga sharira-s (astral bodies) during sexual intercourse lasts 12 years. Till this time, both are prone to receiving and transmitting thoughts and emotions via the astral tube (see a full answer on this topic here: astral-connection.htm ). An honest life of yoga and brahmacharya if carried out with devotion to the Lord will help one come to better terms with the condition and eventually win freedom from the same.
Q. You have said that anger is lust and lust is anger - please explain.
A. Both kama (desire) and krodha (anger) are the negative manifestations of prana (vital energy). It is the very same life energy that gets converted into either of these. Hence such indulgence ends in weakness and sorrow. A person who indulges in strong kama for anything perceivable by the senses loses that much pranic energy and eventually ends up irritated and agitated when the senses cannot sate that need (pleasure derieved from the senses itself being asat - unreal and imaginary). Such unsated desire then leads to krodha, which further takes the mind into a state of turmoil and makes man commit serious mistakes.
Q. Upon death, the jivatma is pulled out of the sthul sharir, and then it follows the atman to enter another body. Does that mean that we carry over whatever is in the mind to the next birth? i.e. we have to deal with whatever's embeded in the mind from various past births?
A. All the latent seeds of impressions (which are the result of past karma, which determine the mental condition and which determine this and next existences) are stored in the kârana sharira (causal body). The causal body is the only body which accompanies the Atman in its millions of births. The physical and astral bodies take form at birth and disintegrate at death. Hence these are not constant. All past desires of the mind from former births appear in this or next births and current desires of the mind are carried to the next birth (in seed form).
Q. What are you thoughts on Taoist sexual practices. As far as ideology is concerned it is very similar to brahamacharya: i.e., conservation of life force [qi] and essence [jing], but they also believe that jing can be increased in a male from sexual contact with women (men gain from getting jing from women) and they have various ways of controlling ejaculation as well. Retention of bodily fluids is fundamental to their practices; they believe the fluid that contains the maximum amount of jing is the semen, hence the stress on its conservation.
A. Taoist practices are similar to vâma marga (left hand tantra). This path is dangerous and most often leads to a downfall. Most Taoists and left hand tantriks eventually forget the objective which is kaivalya (self-realization) and get attached to bhoga (sense pleasure). Hence niskama yogis (those wishing nothing but self-realization) stay clear from it.
Q. From one of your past answers, I remember your saying that even if you don't ejaculate, the desire to have sexual contact remains, which is contrary to the objective of a brahamacharya.
A. Sexual activity for recreation involves deriving pleasure from the body and the senses which are asath (unreal) and anatma (non-atman). Hence one who practices non-ejaculatory relations and does not eventuallty take up absolute brahmacharya can never rise beyond slavery to avidya (ignorance), the cause behind embodiment of the infinite Atman. For this reason, a non-ejaculatory relationship which is practiced by married, want-to-be brahmacharis before starting absolute brahmacharya (to first overcome and become independent of the need to ejaculate in intercourse) has to eventually be put to an end and replaced with absolute brahmacharya in thought, word and deed if self-realization is the objective.


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I am a 42 year old divorced and single female. I have recently moved into my father's home to care for him. He is in his 80's and needs someone to cook and clean, etc. My son is with me, he is bipolar and just got out of a residential treatment facility for being severely depressed and suicidal. I do date when I find the time, and only when I have someone to be with my son… I thought this was a win/win for everyone involved, but my father has always been very possessive/controlling and we have only been here for a month and it has started. I can't date, I can't talk on the phone, he yells at me and starts fights constantly over who I am seeing and why I have to talk on the phone to so many different people (some are my son's counselors, others are friends, they are NOT all guys I am only talking to two guys at present).. he calls me a whore in front of my son and openly asks me why I have to have sex with every guy I "chase" in front of my son.. needless to say, my son cannot take this, and I can't either.. I am under enough stress without this constant bickering.. he doesn't know me at all.. I do not chase men, and I only get out maybe once every other week to see ANYONE including dates, friends, etc. not including my religious events, which are once or twice a month depending on what is going on, but he yells at me about that too… I am ready to walk out of here and never see the man again, and I do not know what to do. I have tried talking to him calmly about the situation, but today he TURNED OFF THE PHONE so I couldn't get any calls, he has done this before, he has hidden my purse and my keys so I couldn't go ANYWHERE. If I leave here. He will have no one to care for him, but I am at my wits end and my first priority has to be my son… WHAT SHOULD I DO??????
Dear Stella,
There are many adults in your situation in regards to being their parent's caregiver. It is a very stressful task, so I empathize with your frustrations. It is unfortunate that you're in a verbally abusive situation. There are many men that get to certain points in life and become angry and bitter. You didn't mention your mother/stepmother, so assume he is alone aside from you and his grandson? Realize he's at that last stage of life where he is reflecting back on good and bad decisions made. I don't know what type father he was, but if he was bad, maybe he thinks this is the time to amend for those mistakes but doesn't know how to communicate them effectively?
Playing devil's advocate, before you get your grove back, let's take a step back and assess what your true priorities are. True meaning not the priorities you tell people, but what they really truly are. When you ask the right questions you will be able to come up with the right solutions for your future. To address your concerns you have to be honest with yourself and the situation.
Why did you move into your father's home? Are you living with your father for financial reasons, or is it truly because you need to take care of him? Does he need medical attention? How is his health? Are there any alternatives (e.g. Meals on Wheels). Why is dating the first issue of concern following revealing what is going on with your father and with your son? What do you hope to get or achieve out of the dating process? What about dating in this current situation makes your son your first priority? What actions would truly make your son your first priority? What are the pros of staying to take care of your father and what regrets may you have if you choose to leave to escape the situation or in order to date? Do you feel it is worth the possible regrets you may have if you leave? Why or why not?
As a 42 year adult, you should understand that sometimes what we want is not necessarily what we need or should be doing. Sometimes our wants don't align with our responsibilities. Based off the info you provided, how is dating a win win for everyone? Doesn't that just benefit you? You've been there for only a month and have implied you have dated on more than one occasion with two guys? You said you don't chase men, but didn't address not sleeping with them part? Are you seeing the picture you painted? Thirty days, two guys, multiple dates…not really a good look. Let's say he's wrong, you're not chasing men and they are all coming to you. Let's be real…who doesn't like attention? There is nothing wrong with getting compliments and having your self-esteem boosted. But it's about what you do after you get that attention that your dad has the problem with.
I've been in a similar situation with a family member being a caregiver of a parent, yet felt scrutinized for her dating practices and lack of sound judgment. Those situations are frustrating, yet you can't let your desire for companionship allow you to make bad choices. Your father's reactions didn't just start when you moved in. There is a history there of decisions that you have made in the past that has led him to his current frustrations and tone. Does that make the words he says to you right? No. But there may be some truth behind his anger. Understand that as a father, when a man approaches our daughter, we (knowing how men think) want to know their true intentions. You have a son that was just released from a medical facility, you are divorced, and now here is Johnny Come Lately? Any father would be leery.
Once again, I am not saying that your father was justified in calling you a harlot, but as a father we never lose that instinct to protect. Not to mention your dad has lived a lot of life, and people his age tend to say what's on their mind. His methods may not have been favorable, but ultimately he's probably thinking that you should focus more on other things…like yourself, your son, your father…versus seeking attention outside the home. Focusing on yourself doesn't mean dating, it means sowing into your health, mind, spirit, etc. His methods may not be the best, but most guys bottle things up and don't communicate our emotions in the manner women think we should. And let's be honest. If he was nice and asked you not to go on a date, would you listen? So no matter what his approach, you'd still do what you wanted to anyways…probably the reason he snaps.
So what should you do? Honestly the only person that can answer this question for you is you. So I'll ask again. What are your priorities? Do you want to take care of your dad, or date? If you want to date and hang out and have fun, then leave. But be leery of the decision you make because tomorrow is not promised for anyone. No matter what you feel about your father, he brought you into this world and the Word says to honor him. Coming from someone who has lost a parent, the last thing you want to do is live with the regrets of a selfish decision because somebody may have been crass, but spoke an iota of truth. Try to look at it from his perspective, then talk to him again about WHY he is calling you these things and what he wants from you as a daughter. What are his expectations for you in the house, and for your life in general? People control because they fear you making a choice they cannot handle. So what does he want from you and for your life? And remember, he's probably lonely as well. Try to take him with you on church trips and encourage him to be social. If that doesn't work, maybe invite some men over from the church to spend some time with him and get him social.
Being a caregiver is a daunting task. I agree that you need to take breaks, but adding another person or people through dating to this already hectic, stressful situation may not be the best solution at the moment. No one can make that choice but you. But, are there other solutions to giving you a break or you getting out for a while? And what might those other maybe more healthy situations be? It's not that you should never date, but that seems to be your main goal from the limited information you provided. So you need to sit down and be honest with yourself and truly decide why you are doing what you are doing, and what is best for the future of yourself, your son, and your father.
Before you make a rash decision, I implore you to seek a support group. There is starting to be a condition referred to as Caregiver Stress. Some signs of this are agitation with loved ones, resentment towards other family members, lack of proper sleep/exercise, feeling of being trapped and depression (among many others). These feelings could lead you to make bad decisions. There are many sites, but maybe you can start here – www.caregiverstress.com. The site gives tips, resources and support for others in similar situations.
Keep your head up Stella. Pray about it, sure the answer will come. Just be receptive to listen once you get a response on the direction you should go.

subset: commoncrawl


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Love Island 2018: Alex and Samira SAVED in unexpected twist?
LOVE ISLAND 2018 took a dark turn tonight, and it wasn't just the fake tans. In an unexpected ITV2 twist, Alex George and Samira Mighty along with Charlie Frederick and Hayley Hughes are all facing the boot from the TV villa.
Daily Express :: TV and Radio Feed


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There are no reviews yet.


text: Google VP of Knowledge, Alan Eustace, jumped from stratosphere, 42KM (26 miles) above the sea level, in 15 minutes on Oct 24th, 2014. (Alan retired in March 2015.) This jump is in a self-sustained system, like astronaut's suit. Alan was lifted by a helium balloon and dropped with a parachute. If he used a capsule instead of a suit, he would be lifted by a lunching system. His suit is only 500 lb, but the capsule is 3000 lb.


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Pure cotton ditsy daisy print dress with full length sleeves and ruffled dropped waist skirt.
Smart casual dress with vibes of Alexa Chung. Looks amazing with battered old converse and a brown leather satchel.
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You can have a special pop-up modal window like this to inform your customers of special offers, discounts, or anything else you like.
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We love capturing families together! It's a beautiful thing to have your relationships together preserved in photographs.
These sessions are relaxed and fun and take place on location in some beautiful venues local to our Berwick studio. If you have a specific venue you'd like to be photographed at, please let us know as we also do custom travel photography.
Family sessions cover all sorts of 'together-ness'… we capture you all together as family, as well as siblings together and individually, parents alone and a bunch of 'together' shots as we candidly shoot you all 'hanging out'.
We'd love for you to allow approximately 1 hour for your session, so that we have plenty of time to get a variety of beautiful photos for you.
We'd strongly recommend you check out our what to wear section for some great ideas on clothing choices and colours.
All of our sessions are interactive and enjoyable. We love to play with your children as we photograph them and we always come away from our sessions having made some 'new little friends'.
Once you've booked your session with us, you will be sent a booking confirmation email and deposit invoice. Payment of the deposit secures your booking and covers your custom photography session, our time and expertise. All of our images are available in high resolution as a digital file. We offer great packages and pricing, as detailed below.
Approximately 2 weeks after your session, you will be provided with a private online gallery. This gallery is password protected. It can be shared with family and friends but they will be unable to gain access without the password.
If you have more questions or would like to chat with us prior to booking your session, please drop us an email or give us a call on 0438 298 853. Check out our families gallery here to see more of our work.


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Baldur's Gate – Review
Review by BulletBill22
Reviewed: 06/30/09
The best of the PC RPGs
Baldur's Gate: Tales of the Sword Coast (BG:TSC)
The Baldur's Gate series is a very successful series based on Dungeons and Dragons (D&D) rules. However, I have no experience with actual D&D, so my review is not founded at all on the grounds of understanding, but only the simple pleasure I received for playing it. It is also based largely on a multi-player experience.
Story: 9/10
The incredible draw to the story is that it doesn't fully reveal itself until late in the game. At first, your objective is simply to survive, as multiple bounty hunters attempt to kill you right off the bat. As you adventure, doing good and whatever else you decide to do through the millions (exaggerated) of side-quests, you find that the world is plagued with evil because of increased Bandit activity, tensions leading to war with the Southern (and apparently more civilized, as many a traveler from there will call you barbarian) of Amn, and horrible productivity of the Iron mines. Shortly, you save the mines, and kill the Bandits, then go to the city of Baldur's Gate. There, you find that the one who has been calling hits on you is actually the son of a dead God, the God of War, Bhaal. You also happen to be one of Bhaal's children. Now, Bhaal had many children, so that his power could only be assumed by a child when enough power was amassed by the death of his other children, which is the Sarevok's (evil mastermind) basis of obsession. Overall, though cliche, the storyline grabbed my attention right from the beginning, and was very interesting.
Game Play: 8/10
Where to begin... The battle sequences are incredibly complex. Trying to control 6 people at once without pausing is borderline insanity, or else a really good mouse and very fast thinking. But seriously, now, without pausing, it would be impossible to control all of your characters effectively. However, everything is very well thought out. Every stat is useful, every item ability can be utilized, every spell mastered. The battle sequences are actually fairly easy to understand once you realize that 6d8 means 6 eight-sided-dice. The out of battle actions, though, are what truly make the game a treasure. Having so many options in so many quests, it becomes difficult to keep track of it all sometimes (thank God for the journal). The main storyline quest has no variation, though which is a bit saddening. The side quests could take as long as the main quest because of their sheer size. One absolutely wonderful thing about the game is that grinding is really useless, nay, hardly an option at all. You get most of your experience from quests, though much of it can come from fighting.
Sound: 10/10
One may wonder, "What is so good sounding that it deserves a 10?" Well, the answer is a few select music choices in this game. I have to be honest, I've sometimes let the game simply run so that I could hear the music while I was working. I can't stress enough how much I love the music. I would have boosted it to an 11, except that some of the fight music can get a little repetitive, and an 11 wouldn't really be a valid score, anyway.
Graphics: 9/10
Good, overall. The equipment screen shows what you are wearing in detail, so it is quite nice for that. The battle graphics and spell effects are exquisitely well done. The scenery is well thought-out and looks very nice. The only reason I mark this down is that the graphics sometimes glitch and cause a shield in your warriors hand to appear in front of him, and similar glitches. Nothing to really take away from the beauty, though.
Re Playability: 6/10
Not such a good score, I suppose. While the game is intriguing, There is very little variation in the storyline. Call me crazy, but it doesn't sound fun to play through that all multiple times. However, there is a great amount of fun in choosing your character. Indeed, I found that one of the funnest parts of the game was simply making my guy, although I realize most think that would be the most boring part. Never fear, I'm just a freak like that, the rest of the game is still good. There is also a huge amount of variation in the side-quests, so you have some options if you would like to play through again.
Buy/Rent: Buy
This game can take a while to complete, and requires 6 disks, so renting just seems ridiculous.
Noteworthy aspects which do not fall under any other category:
Multi-player is a real treat. As I noted earlier, there is a great amount of difficulty in controlling all your units at once without a pause button, but that all changes in multi-player. The interface makes it easy to control your own unit while your friends control the other characters in your party. With multi-player added in, re playability rises to [8] and game play rises to [10]. If you have the option to play multi-player, then do it, I urge you. Otherwise, single player is fine as well.
Overall: 10/10
Don't ask how I came to his conclusion, but that's how it ended up. Higher mathematics, you know. Simply adding and dividing will only get you so far in this world.
Rating: 4.5 - Outstanding
Product Release: Baldur's Gate (US, 11/30/98)
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Most recent performance
There are currently no scheduled performances of After the Rain / Strapless / Within the Golden Hour. It was last on stage 12 February—11 March 2016 as part of the Winter 2015/16 season.
Christopher Wheeldon, Artistic Associate of The Royal Ballet, has long been recognized as one of the finest choreographers of his generation. Having worked as a dancer with both The Royal Ballet and New York City Ballet, his choreography shows the influence of both the British style of Ashton and MacMillan, and the American style of Balanchine and Robbins – synthesized into something that is wholly and distinctly 'Wheeldon'.
This mixed programme includes two Wheeldon works commissioned by other companies, which enter The Royal Ballet's repertory for the first time this Season. Wheeldon made After the Rain for New York City Ballet in 2005. Set to music by Arvo Pärt, it quickly won popularity and is now arguably one of Wheeldon's best-loved works. Within the Golden Hour was created for San Francisco Ballet in 2008. With its pulsing drive and energy it too has been acclaimed as one of Wheeldon's finest works. Complementing these two works is a world premiere for The Royal Ballet, to music by Mark-Anthony Turnage.
News and features
Cast changes: Strapless on 25 and 27 May 2017
28 February 2017
Your Reaction: After The Rain / Strapless / Within the Golden Hour
13 February 2016
Ballet Essentials: After the Rain / Strapless / Within the Golden Hour
10 February 2016
Cast Confirmation: Strapless on 13 and 17 February and 10 March 2016
10 February 2016
Watch: Christopher Wheeldon on his new ballet Strapless – 'A very relevant story for today'
4 February 2016
After the Rain Dance Highlight: The pas de deux
25 January 2016


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Over the past few months, I've been posting about my efforts to build both my Paul Micarelli Design business & the Fantasy Photos custom portrait service.
Since I'm trying to unleash my entrepreneurial potential, I recently created an account on LinkedIn. This is a social media platform for professionals & businesses. I've made my profile public, so my credentials and experience are visible. If anyone reading this is a member, feel free to connect with me.
Graphic Designer, Creative Director, & Entrepreneur


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Or download our app "Guided Lessons by Education.com" on your device's app store.
Squirt Bottle
Just about every kid enjoys water play, especially during the long, hot summer months. The problem is, squirt guns can sometimes get expensive. Fortunately that issue isn't much of an obstacle; it's easy to hElp your child design his own super squirter! Once you're done constructing, get to soaking! This DIY Squirt bottle is the perfect homemade way to stage a friendly water battle.
What You Need:
- Plastic bottle
- Craft knife or ice pick
- Water
What You Do:
- Have your child remove the cap from the plastic bottle.
- Then, help her rinse it out thoroughly.
- Take over duties and use the craft knife to pierce several holes in the cap.
- Next, have your child fill the bottle up with water.
- Let her twist the hole-filled cap back onto the bottle.
- Go outside (preferably with someone who's ready to get wet).
- To use the squirt bottle, all your child needs to do is squeeze the centre of the bottle.
- Ready? Aim...soak!


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When you plan to start a company, you need to create pro forma financial statements. Pro forma financial statements include an income statement, a cash flow statement and balance sheet.
A pro forma cash flow statement shows all cash that you expect will come into the company and all cash that you expect will go out of the company during a period of time based on your stated assumptions.
The cash flow statement answers four questions for you and your potential investors:
- Does the cash at the end of the period (the last line of each column of the cash flow statement) equal the top line (i.e., cash and cash equivalents) of the balance sheet? Make sure you are comparing a cash flow statement that ends on the same date as the date of the balance sheet.
- Does the company run out of money? Is the cash balance at the end of any period negative? Check on both the annual cash flow statement and on the monthly cash flow statement.
- Does the company's core business eventually generate enough cash to sustain itself? You will learn this by examining the line net cash provided (used) by operating activities. For the first few years, this is likely to be negative (with the cash shortfall made up for by influxes of cash from loans and/or investments).But eventually, the company should be able to sustain itself. When net cash provided (used) by operating activities becomes positive, the company has achieved a sustainable growth engine (see Eric Ries' The Lean Startup).
- Is an investment being used to pay off a loan? Most investors want their cash to be used to grow the company; they do not want it used to retire debt. Such a situation can be most easily seen by examining the monthly cash flow statement. Look at any month in which the line issuance of stock has a positive entry. Is there a corresponding negative entry on the line proceeds from (payments on) notes payable? If so, there could be a problem.However, in some cases this could be okay, e.g., when the lender holds a convertible note and the note is simply converting into equity. In such cases, no cash is actually changing hands; it is simply a bookkeeping entry and a conversion from debt to equity for the same party.
Let's take a look at a cash flow statement to understand how these four questions get answered.
The figure below shows a cash flow statement for the first five years of a company.
All cash flow statements are organized into three horizontal sections, each corresponding to a different set of events that cause cash to flow into or out of the company:
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash flows from operating activities show cash that relates to your primary business. The first entry is profit or loss from the business (copied from the bottom of the income statement). The rest of the entries are adjustments because not all profits or losses are reflected in cash. So, for example:
- Depreciation was on the income statement and contributed to expenses (and thus decreased profit), but unlike other expenses, it caused no corresponding reduction to cash. Therefore the first thing we do on the cash flow statement is add back the amount of depreciation.
- Any decrease (or increase) in accounts receivable between the last period and the current period must be reported here as an increase (or decrease) in cash.Notice that if customers pay you during the current period for something that they purchased in a previous period, no entry is made on the income statement, but you did have a positive cash event. That cash event is recorded on this line.
- Any increase (or decrease) in accounts payable must be added to (or subtracted from) cash for the same reason as explained above for accounts receivable.
- If there is any change in the accrued liabilities between the last period and the current period, that change needs to be added to or subtracted from cash.
- Any changes to inventory would not be reflected in your income statement but would affect cash. Specifically, if you increased your inventory since the previous period, that needs to be reflected as a net cash loss, and a decrease would be reflected as a net cash gain.
The sum of the above items is shown as net cash provided (used) by operating activities.
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash flows from investing activities show cash that relates to your major purchases (or sales) of fixed assets (e.g., real estate, equipment, acquisitions, vehicles, computers, and so on.)
Notice that although such major purchases cannot be subtracted from your earnings in the current year (that's why they don't appear on your income statement), they do impact cash!
The full amount of their purchase is recorded here because the company is incurring the entire cost of the asset from a cash perspective. Their sum is shown as the net cash provided (used) by investing activities.
Cash flows from financing activities
Cash flows from financing activities show cash that relates to financing your business, e.g., loans you accept (or make payments on) and investments received by the company.
It is shown on two separate lines, one for investments, and one for loans. Notice that loans and investments you accept have no effect on your income statement but have a significant effect on your cash, which is why they appear here. Their sum is shown as net cash provided (used) by financing activities.
Summary lines on your cash flow statement
At the bottom of each column a few summary lines appear:
- The net increase (decrease) in cash line shows the sum of the net cash subtotals from the three aforementioned sections.
- The cash at beginning of period starts at zero when the company is founded. Each subsequent year just copies the value from the end of the previous year.
- The cash at end of period is calculated by adding the net increase (decrease) in cash to the cash at beginning of period.
Many new entrepreneurs confuse cash with profit. Your company could be profitable (as reported on your pro forma income statement) and you could still run out of cash. You could also be unprofitable and have cash (e.g., with the help of highly optimistic investors).
Using your cash flow statement is the best way to find out exactly where your company is getting and spending its cash.
Other articles you may find helpful in the series:
- Why Does My Startup Need Pro Forma Financial Statements?
- Seven Things an Income Statement Tells You
- Four Things a Balance Sheet Tells You
Al Davis is a Serial Entrepreneur, Angel Investor and Author of six books. He is CEO of Offtoa, Inc., his fifth startup.
Photo courtesy of Ken Teegardin (Creative Commons).


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Crossroads Care East Lancashire
Burnley Business Centre
Liverpool Road
Public phone: 01282 832 548
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Service offered: Respite care for carers of people of all ages who are ill, have physical, sensory or learning disabilities or mental health problems. Care support workers provide care in the clients' own home. Provide practical support and personal care, enabling the carer to have a break.
Target group: Carers.
Area served: Burnley, Pendle, Rossendale, Blackburn with Darwen.
How to contact: Phone, write or email.
Monday: 8am - 4.30pm
Tuesday: 8am - 4.30pm
Wednesday: 8am - 4.30pm
Thursday: 8am - 4.30pm
Friday: 8am - 3.30pm
Office Hours:
Wheelchair access: Not applicable
Accessible toilets: Not applicable
Access notes: Service is delivered in clients' own homes at any time.
Languages other than English:
Charity number: 1064511
Year established: 1991
Staffing: 38 staff, 9 volunteers.
Public transport:
Record last checked: 19 February 2019


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The process of selling a small or middle market business is generally a long one. It starts by listing the business with a business broker and it ends by closing the transaction and it goes through a multitude of small steps. It only takes one misstep for the process to need a complete reboot. A savvy seller with the right professional counseling could avoid some missteps but generally not all of them. As a result, reboots are frequent and time is wasted before a seller completes a deal.
When interviewing potential business sellers before listing their businesses for sale, I spend a lot of time and attention understanding their real motivation for selling their companies. A seller with fuzzy reasons will rarely have the patience to go through the whole process and complete a deal. Having a good reason for selling ,while necessary, is certainly not enough. The other key ingredient is the persistence. I occasionally run into sellers who get discouraged after the first unsuccessful attempt and abandon the whole idea of selling.
The rapid swings in sellers' emotional state is one of the reasons reducing their persistence when trying to sell. Sellers generally identify with their businesses and tend to confuse buyers' objections about the business with personal attacks against them that they have hard time handling. Sellers feel such a pain and unfairness that the whole idea of selling becomes insurmountable. A good business broker understands the emotional states of business sellers and warns them in advance about their emotions before listing the business. A prepared seller recognizes his/her emotional swings when they happen and deals with them accordingly.
I generally advise sellers not to rely too much on potential buyers' preliminary excitement about the business. While the initial buyers' excitement can be a real engine to push toward a deal it also could be an unrealistic dream that will never happen. In order to increase the likelihood of having a deal, the broker and/or seller should deal with as many buyers as possible and not rely on promises.
After a serious buyer makes an acceptable offer, the seller and broker need to make a tough decision. Is this buyer worth focusing on? Should we work with him/her on an exclusive basis? There is generally no sure answer to these questions. A decision needs to be made quickly. If the decision is yes, then the seller should put all his/her efforts to help the buyer with the due diligence.
It is frequent that the chosen buyer ends-up not being the right one. In this case the seller and broker must move-on and start the process again with no hard feelings!


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A Unified Phylogeny-based Nomenclature for Histone Variants
Talbert, Paul B
Ahmad, Kami
Almouzni, Geneviève
Ausió, Juan
Berger, Frederic
Bhalla, Prem L
Bonner, William M
Cande, W Zacheus
Chadwick, Brian P
Chan, Simon W L
Cross, George A M
Cui, Liwang
Dimitrov, Stefan I
Doenecke, Detlef
Eirin-López, José M
Gorovsky, Martin A
Hake, Sandra B
Hamkalo, Barbara A
Holec, Sarah
Jacobsen, Steven E
Kamieniarz, Kinga
Khochbin, Saadi
Ladurner, Andreas G
Landsman, David
Latham, John A
Loppin, Benjamin
Malik, Harmit S
Marzluff, William F
Pehrson, John R
Postberg, Jan
Singh, Mohan B
Smith, M. Mitchel
Thompson, Eric
Torres-Padilla, Maria-Elena
Tremethick, David John
Turner, Bryan M
Waterborg, Jakob Harm
Wollmann, Heike
Yelagandula, Ramesh
Henikoff, Steven
Published Versionhttps://doi.org/10.1186/1756-8935-5-7
MetadataShow full item record
CitationTalbert, Paul B, Kami Ahmad, Geneviève Almouzni, Juan Ausió, Frederic Berger, Prem L Bhalla, William M Bonner, W Zacheus Cande, Brian P Chadwick, Simon W L Chan, George A M Cross, Liwang Cui, Stefan I Dimitrov, Detlef Doenecke, José M Eirin-López, Martin A Gorovsky, Sandra B Hake, Barbara A Hamkalo, Sarah Holec, Steven E Jacobsen, Kinga Kamieniarz, Saadi Khochbin, Andreas G Ladurner, David Landsman, John A Latham, Benjamin Loppin, Harmit S Malik, William F Marzluff, John R Pehrson, Jan Postberg, Robert Schneider, Mohan B Singh, M Mitchell Smith, Eric Thompson, Maria-Elena Torres-Padilla, David John Tremethick, Bryan M Turner, Jakob Harm Waterborg, Heike Wollmann, Ramesh Yelagandula, Bing Zhu, and Steven Henikoff. 2012. A unified phylogeny-based nomenclature for histone variants. Epigenetics & Chromatin 5: 7.
AbstractHistone variants are non-allelic protein isoforms that play key roles in diversifying chromatin structure. The known number of such variants has greatly increased in recent years, but the lack of naming conventions for them has led to a variety of naming styles, multiple synonyms and misleading homographs that obscure variant relationships and complicate database searches. We propose here a unified nomenclature for variants of all five classes of histones that uses consistent but flexible naming conventions to produce names that are informative and readily searchable. The nomenclature builds on historical usage and incorporates phylogenetic relationships, which are strong predictors of structure and function. A key feature is the consistent use of punctuation to represent phylogenetic divergence, making explicit the relationships among variant subtypes that have previously been implicit or unclear. We recommend that by default new histone variants be named with organism-specific paralog-number suffixes that lack phylogenetic implication, while letter suffixes be reserved for structurally distinct clades of variants. For clarity and searchability, we encourage the use of descriptors that are separate from the phylogeny-based variant name to indicate developmental and other properties of variants that may be independent of structure.
Other Sourceshttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3380720/pdf/
Terms of UseThis article is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of-use#LAA
Citable link to this pagehttp://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10436266
- HMS Scholarly Articles [15718]
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"The CD title is accurate, for on the disc my melodies originally scored for voice and piano are rendered in brass – thanks to a series of gifted brass arrangers. There are many such arrangements based wholly or partly on my music in the Army's brass repertoire, and it has been fascinating to work with Stephen Cobb to whittle them down to a manageable number that would also allow space for new items to be featured."
- General John Larsson
Track List
Artist : The International Staff Band
Telephone: +44 (0)1933 445 445


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By Dan Bechtold
The Winner School Board unanimously approved the architectural services contract with Upper Deck of Rapid City at a special meeting on May 19. At an earlier meeting, Upper Deck was hired as the architect for the proposed armory auxiliary gym.
The contract service fee is 7.05 percent of the total bid on the building.
The 12 member auxiliary gym planning committee met at 5 p.m. on May 20 and the committee's first meeting with the architect was on May 26.
One of the first things the school district must do before building starts is have a topographical survey and also a geotechnical survey. Upper Deck will assist the school district in finding firms to conduct these two studies.
In other business, the school board approved the 2015-2016 negotiated agreement with the Winner Education Association. The main points of the agreement were that the base salary went from $31,000 to $32,200; the signing bonus was increased to $2,500; another health insurance deductible option was added at $3,500 and the district will contribute $500 a month toward health insurance, the district evaluation policy was set to model the state evaluation model and in extracurricular a competitive cheer assistant coach was added.
The business manager was authorized to send out revised certified contracts.
Kent Lein was hired as a 5th grade math and science teacher. For the past five years he has taught at Crow Creek.
The board accepted the resignation of pre-school aide Deb Hannett. She has been an aide for 12 years.
The school board approved a weighted GPA policy for AP/dual credit classes at the high school. The policy says high school grade point averages will be based upon a 4 point scale for all courses offered in the regular high school curriculum. An additional .25 will be added to this point value for all approved dual credit AP courses that a student is enrolled in through the school. In the instance of a dual credit AP course, an A is valued at 4.25 points, a B is valued at 3.25 points, a C at 2.25 points, a D is valued at 1.25 points and an F is valued at 0 points.
A revised prom form was approved. The new addition says that a student will obey the established dance/dress guidelines. A parent/guardian will be called if a student leaves the dance before 10:30 p.m. Parents are asked to provide a telephone number where they can reached from 5 p.m. to 4 a.m. the day of prom.
Student helpers for the summer will include: Sydnie Peters, Jayden Schroeder, Jordan Turgeon, Isaac Naasz, Luke Engel and Brendan Harter. The adult helper will be LeeAnn Fisher.
Several Winner High School speech students attended the meeting.
The school board met in executive session to discuss a contract issue.


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Harry Potter: Hogwarts Mystery is set about a decade before Harry Potter begins his adventures at Hogwarts, and it gives players a chance to see what some characters were up to before the start of the books. This includes Fang, Hagrid's dog, who is a puppy at the time the game takes place. However, fans have noticed that Fang stays a puppy for years in the game.
Harry Potter: Hogwarts Mystery players first come across puppy Fang in Year 1. After tapping on a stick in the Castle Grounds area, puppy Fang will pick it up and carry it away, netting players some free energy in the process. Then in Year 2, players can complete a side quest where they help Hagrid free Fang from a Devil's Snare using a fire-breathing potion. After this quest is complete, Hagrid even lets players give Fang his name.
Despite the fact that this side quest takes place more than a year after the first time Fang is encountered, he is still a puppy. Even worse, Fang still appears as a puppy in Year 3 whenever players click on the stick in the Castle Grounds, meaning that he is still a puppy despite being at least three years old at that point.
While it's possible "magic" could be used to explain away Fang being stuck as a puppy, the likelier explanation is that this is just another continuity error in the game. Despite the entire draw of Harry Potter: Hogwarts Mystery being its story, fans have discovered numerous plot holes and continuity errors, including some that have broken established Harry Potter canon.
To the credit of developers Jam City, some effort has been made to fix these continuity errors. For example, the latest update seems to have removed mention of the Firebolt brand of boom, which shouldn't exist at the time Harry Potter: Hogwarts Mystery takes place. Whether other plot holes will be addressed or not remains to be seen, but there are quite a few to clean up.
Whether Fang ages in subsequent years remains to be seen. Harry Potter: Hogwarts Mystery players will just have to wait for future years to be added to the game to see.
Harry Potter: Hogwarts Mystery is out now for iOS and Android mobile devices.


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I chatted with actress/singer Hayley Orrantia about her stepping into the singing spotlight and her hilarious role on the hit ABC comedy "The Goldbergs."
Talk about your childhood, where you grew up, etc
I was born and raised in Dallas, Texas. I always remember having music in my life. Some kids are born to play soccer, some are born to play football..I was born to sing. It wasn't until I was about fourteen that I started meeting with record labels. They wanted to have a platform such as a television show to go along with the music career, but I wasn't interested at the time.
Who inspires you?
I grew up listening to a lot of R&B music such as Luther Vandross and Brian McKnight. As I got older Sara Bareilles and Ingrid Michaelson inspired me as a songwriter. Currently, Rascal Flatts, Kacey Musgraves are huge. As you can see there's a wide variety there ::laughs::
Your show "The Goldbergs" hit the 100 episode mark this past October. What is it like working with Wendi McLendon-Covey and the rest of the cast?
Wendi is one of the most talented actors I've ever worked with. Getting to watch her do her thing everyday is more of a learning experience than a lot of people realize. Being able to be around these incredible comedic actors and writers has inspired me to try more comedic roles.
How fun was it to be able to sing on the show a few times?
It's been great! I mentioned to the writers in passing that if they ever needed someone to sing a song over the rolling credits I would certainly do it. They've integrated my singing into the role so well that I think it's helping the character to evolve.
This is a tough question, but what has been your favorite episode so far?
I would say the "Dirty Dancing" tribute. We had such a blast doing that. We got to learn the finale dance AND the lift. It was such a blast.
What is your favorite song to perform and why?
See, now that's an even HARDER question. There's a song that I'm introducing on this new tour called "A.S.A.P" – As Southern As Possible." It's a bluesy big band type of song.
What do your fans mean to you?
Wow. They mean so much to me because they've stuck around. They've been waiting for this music for a while now. I get in my head a lot about if something sounds right or if this lyric is good or is that lyric good. But every time I put something out, they're SO supportive.
If you could aspiring singers one piece of advice, what would it be?
Make sure that whatever songs you're putting out, feel good to YOU.
If you could duet with one singer living or dead, who would it be and why?
::pause:: That's SO hard ::laughs:: Whitney Houston would be a dream to work with. On the songwriting song, I would have to say Sara Bareilles. I love who she is, what she stands for, and what she puts out.
Are you excited about your show here in Annapolis on April 21st?
I am! I've been nervous about the tour because I've never done anything like this. I also had vocal surgery last summer so it's been a process trying to get to a standard where I can go out on the road for a bit and perform. I want to be able to bring the best show for everyone that comes out.
Hayley headlines Rams Head Annapolis Saturday, April 21st!
Follow Hayley on Twitter
Follow Hayley on Instagram
'Like' Hayley on Facebook


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Preparation Time : 30 minutes
Cooking Time : 30 minutes
Ingredients :
- Rice - 4 cups
- Sugar - 3 cups
- Khus khus (poppy seeds) - 2 table spoon
- Ghee -
Preparation :
Wash and soak rice in water for 12 hours. Drain water and spread rice on a clean cloth leave for 1-2 hour till it dries. Grind and sieve rice powder and keep aside. Place kadai on gas put 1 cup water and sugar, make one string syrup. Mix rice powder in the syrup let it cool . Take dough on your palm, make 2" size ball and press it lightly on the poppy seeds . Flatten the dough into a round. Keep it separately in a plate. Apply some ghee on your palm if the dough sticks. Heat ghee in a kadai on medium/ low flame. Shallow fry till golden brown. Can be served hot or let it cool and keep it in an air tight jar.


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Ensure that your HVAC is evident when working outside. It is best to try conserving any vegetation about two ft away out of your out of doors items. Maintain the areas above it and on either side of it clear. Be sure to purpose your grass clippings away from the unit when mowing. Preserve leaves from getting inside your unit within the fall. Preserve your evaporator coil clean. A dirty coil will trigger the unit to strain when cooling air. You possibly can clear the coil yourself simply. Simply take away the entrance panel to expose the coil and use a smooth brush hooked up to a vacuum to remove any mud and particles that has amassed on the coil.
For greater effectivity, put a radiant barrier in your attic. Any such barrier will assist to dam warmth, which in flip will help your system work less at cooling your property. You may even use your attic as a part of your dwelling space whether it is done proper. An HVAC system is a very costly funding. For this reason you must do some shopping before buying your system. Attempt to discover a good sale so you will get your system at a reduction. Check out a few websites earlier than making a decision. A terrific site to start is www.energystar.gov.
Make sure that you are clear about what is included in the cost of the HVAC work you are contracting someone to do. There are contractors on the market that can make you pay for extra things like prices for gasoline or supplies. Getting a contract that is written and strong can assist you since you'll avoid these sorts of points. To dam out the solar on scorching summer time days, allowing your air conditioner to run much less continuously, put money into heat blocking drapes. These textiles come in stunning patterns and colors immediately, wanting identical to their designer counterparts. They will preserve the heat out in order that your own home stays cooler with out costing you an arm and a leg on utility bills.
Now that you've read this text, try to be significantly better informed about what to look for in a new HVAC system. This is a crucial resolution, so it's not one which you should make in a hurry. Take your time in an effort to find the proper system for your wants. One key feature of any home is the HVAC system and how it all works. One that's poorly designed and never functioning correctly can end up costing you a number of extra money. So it is vital that you understand what to search for in HVAC techniques. Preserve studying for an training on this subject.
Don't let grass clippings pile up towards your outdoor condenser.
Clear your filters! When you've got a window unit air conditioner, there will probably be a filter proper below the grill you'll be able to vacuum. When you have a furnace or outside items, they will also have filters to be cleaned or change. A grimy filter can make your unit inefficient or even let it overheat. It is all the time a wise transfer to obtain a few quotes from completely different contractors because prices can differ. It's best to save some cash this fashion. Examine the rates of at least 5 or 6 contractors that will help you resolve on probably the most cheap rate for the job you want completed.
Test any firm you might be contemplating to see how long it has been round. Firms that are established have been proven, and you should utilize their monitor document to to find out if they provide good service. Hiring an inexperienced contractor will be dangerous. Every month clear out the leaves and particles that will have settled into your out of doors HVAC unit. You may be surprised at how a lot will get caught in your unit. Over time these leaves can build up and create issues on your system. Just this little clean up can prevent a lot of money in upkeep payments.
Ensure that your contractor supplies a house assessment. Not each HVAC answer is for everybody. Your home could have particular wants for heating and cooling. Your contractor should do a stroll round of your space to judge what is finest. If they aren't make sure to request one. While you hire a contractor to do a job, be sure to hearken to what they let you know. For instance, they may give you recommendation on tips on how to preserve your HVAC in working order. Ask about upkeep tips and the way often you need to be cleansing or servicing the unit.
Think about putting in a digital programmable thermostat to maintain your heating and cooling payments low. These digital thermostats have timers that mean you can completely control your HVAC use. You may set the warmth and cooling to solely turn on when you're residence and to show off when you are at work. Be sure to be particular about all the pieces that's written in your contracts. It should element the work that is being done, the materials being used and the amount of time it's going to take to complete the job. Leaving anything out can provide the contractor an exit if one thing goes incorrect.
In case you are wanting to save cash together with your HVAC system, contemplate turning down the air conditioner in the summertime and turning the heat down in the winter.


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James Madison: A Life Reconsidered
James Madison: A Life Reconsidered
by Lynne Cheney
James Madison was a true genius of the early republic, the leader who did more than any other to create the nation we know today. This majestic new biography tells his story. Outwardly reserved, Madison was the intellectual driving force behind the Constitution. His visionary political philosophy—eloquently presented in the Federalist Papers—was a crucial factor behind the Constitution's ratification, and his political savvy was of major importance in getting the new government underway.
Soft cover, 576 pages.
Part of our Presidents Series!
Add To Cart


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uṭṭhāna-porisa, n., effort and exertion; n'atthi
balaṁ vā viriyaṁ vā, kuto ~aṁ!, Ja VI 225,26* =
Pv 674.
Truncation sign : * (asterisk) - e.g. kamm*
Type the letters without dots and accents - e.g. to search 'kalyāṇa' type kalyana. Read more …
A Critical Pāli Dictionary Online is maintained by the Data Center for the Humanities at the University of Cologne in cooperation with the Pali Text Society. The project was originally carried out by the Department of Cross-Cultural and Regional Studies (ToRS) at the University of Copenhagen. It has been set up again in 2016 by Marcello Perathoner (Cologne Center for eHumanities) • Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com • Data Privacy Statement (German)


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What business problem are you trying to solve?
What is the cost/budget of fixing this problem?
What is your current business process and work flow?
How does the problem impact your bottom line?
What technology contraints currently exist?
How can we scale this part of the business?
Our consultants and engineers ask a lot of questions in order to understand your challenges. For over 20 years, Perry Systems' clients have experienced successful, business-changing solutions based on our team's solid strategies and responsive technology. By pairing business and technology experience with constant evolution, the Perry Systems process insures optimal results.
At the helm of our team are solid, close-knit senior managers with proven track records. They share a passion for creating effective and efficient client solutions, and they have the vision and experience to lead our projects to success. Each project team draws upon the skills of managers, engineers, quality control experts, deployment specialists and report writers to bring about the desired goals of our clients.
An uncommon blend of entrepreneur, engineer, marketer, and "big picture thinker", Dror has dedicated the past twenty years to creating business changing applications and processes for his clients. This has ranged from online media and user experience platforms, to ground-breaking revenue streams and hyper-efficient models.
Dror provides vision and leadership for his firm, and partners with clients to turn their vision into reality. Dror measures his success by the number of clients acquired for huge multiples aided by Perry Systems technology and processes, and the number of people promoted after implementing new processes created by Dror and his team.
Betsy provides the necessary leadership and skill set to manage all of the large scale network systems and platforms needed to design, program and integrate information technology (IT) with digital media and marketing. Prior to joining Perry Systems, Betsy was directly responsible for managing over 200 people ranging from project managers to engineers, UI designers, to testers and support personnel.
She started her career as an entrepreneur and created a successful computer consulting business that served Fortune 1000 companies. She designed training facilities and custom course-war to help users transitions to pc technology and software. Using her business automation acumen she successfully integrated front and back=office functions improving productivity and data accuracy for clients in several industries.
Perry Systems is a global management consulting and technology services company. Perry Systems collaborates with its clients to build efficient technology to help businesses perform at the highest levels. Over 20 years of experience across diverse industries and investment in the research of new, cutting-edge technologies allows us to surpass the goals of our clients.
At Perry Systems, you join intelligent, fun and dedicated professionals working with clients from nearly every major industry.
PERRY SYSTEMS, INC., in business since 1990, is a highly successful software development company, with a significant niche in the online and mobile spheres. We currently have an immediate opening for a talented front-end Developer who seeks to expand his/her experience and grow.
We have developed a reputation as the go-to source for high profile Online Marketing, Mobile and Web Development projects with clients that set the pace for the industry.
The Perry team is looking for an experienced front-end developer to play a role in the implementation of the next generation of marketing applications. We build innovative web-based applications in .Net and Windows platform technologies. We support multiple platforms with browser extensions that interact with CMS and feed-based web services.
- Strong Javascript skills, ability to create modular, reusable code. Experience with one or more javascript templating engines such as: Mustache, Handlebars or even jQuery templating.
- Experience with frameworks/libraries like Knockout js, Ember js, Backbone, Angular js is a plus.
- Good HTML & CSS skills, ability to build a page based on a design (PSD) from ground up using CSS Layout; experience in creating responsive websites is important. Knowledge of HTML5 and CSS3.
- Ability to create SEO friendly web pages is a plus
- Understand designing/building for cross-browser compatibility. Knowledge of feature-based development is a plus.
- Experience with manipulating JSON objects and communicating with APIs.
- Experience with server side development with one or more of .NET, C#, MVC, or PHP.
- Experience with MS-SQL or MySql server is a plus.
- Implement functional HTML/CSS layouts from UI/UX requirements and PSD's.
- Basic cross browser compatibility testing of implemented front end systems.
- Implementation of UX elements in existing and new projects.
- Work with the design team to decide on best method of implementation.
- Work with backend developers to build end-to-end systems that produce extraordinary user experiences.
- 3 years experience in a professional setting
- Understand tasks and take ownership
- Multitask as projects and requirements change quickly
- STRONG interpersonal and communication skills required
- Full Medical and Prescription Coverage
- Dental Insurance
- Simple IRA Retirement
- Paid Vacation + Holidays
Work in a dynamic, exciting, fast-paced setting with the very brightest in the industry. Perry Systems is always on the cutting edge, developing applications in multiple platforms and frameworks. We are well versed in responsive design. We promote the use of current releases in order to keep our clients and our staff in tune with the capabilities of today and tomorrow.


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Tracy and Mike talk about HIIT training and their benefits for shredding and adding mass. Topics discussed are the definition of HIIT training and how to use HIIT training for cardio benefits and for adding mass.
We also introduce the new Mass and Shred 30 Day Challenges. Starting December 1, 2013, we will begin the 30 Day Crunch Challenge. Find out how to take the challenge at http://massandshred.com/30-day-challenges/30-day-crunch-challenge/ and do it along with us.
Recipe of the Week: Egg White Burrito
Exercise of the Week: Body Up
1. Assume a plank position on the ground. You should be supporting your bodyweight on your toes and forearms, keeping your torso straight. Your forearms should be shoulder-width apart. This will be your starting position.
2. Pressing your palms firmly into the ground, extend through the elbows to raise your body from the ground. Keep your torso rigid as you perform the movement.
3. Slowly lower your forearms back to the ground by allowing the elbows to flex.
4. Repeat.
Contact Tracy:
Contact Mike:
Email the podcast: email@example.com


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'It's almost embarrassing how grateful people are': Christmas Day volunteers
One in five adults in the UK intends to volunteer this festive season, according to the Royal Voluntary Society. They will contribute more than 50m hours of service in total. This is what it's like to volunteer on Christmas Day


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Bill Gates has suggested more partnerships with Nigeria's wealthy are needed to sustain interventions in the country instead of having high net worth individuals stash money abroad.
In a teleconference with Daily Trust to mark the release of the latest Annual Letter, Gates, co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and principal founder of Microsoft addressed questions about giving over his wealth to charity causes and having Nigeria's billionaires do same.
"We need lots and lots of partners, particularly if they understand the local issues and how the government works locally," he told Daily Trust.
"They have credibility and understanding that we just don't have. And so we'd love to have more partnerships like we have with Mr. [Aliko] Dangote."
The Gates Foundation and the Dangote Foundation have committed funds to help at least three northern states shore up immunisation programmes.


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Ch.Budken Shadyhill's Joshua
I am very fortunate to have such a special boy in my life. Joshua was the real beginning of me starting to show Cockers, he became "my" boy at shows, and quickly became an amazing Junior Handling dog. I am so thankful to have been chosen as his "retirement" home and look forward to many years to come with him. A huge thank you to Jean DeWolfe; she has taught me so any things, I owe her so much.
Joshua continues to prove himself in and out of the show ring. At more than 9 years old, he still wows the judges in stiff competition, and is still being used at stud. Joshua provides a real stamp of quality in his kids, which has been passed on to Multi.BIS winners.
Joshua is very balanced, has great chest, neck and shoulders, a stunning head, a strong topline and correct tail set. He is a pleasure to watch on the move, and has a personality to melt your heart. He is a true showman and always aims to please.
Joshua is available for stud to approved bitches. Frozen semen is available.


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Since 1992 TAMARA COMOLLI Fine Jewelry is recognized worldwide for its timeless, high-end yet casual designs. With a mix of understatement and elegance – never compromising on quality – the brand offers luxury for every day. TAMARA COMOLLI is known for a universe of natural gemstones, available in the most picturesque locations worldwide.
We are looking for a
We are looking for an ambitious, happy and open-minded talent to join our Boutique team just in time for the season.
Qualifications and Requirements:
We are looking forward to your application and appreciate your interest in pursuing happiness at TAMARA COMOLLI.
Please send your resume to firstname.lastname@example.com


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Mark Twain Elementary PTO enhances student education and builds community through volunteer and fundraising efforts.
« Early Dismissal
Teacher Prep Day – No School »
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by amandamurray
Permanent link to this article: http://marktwainpto.org/event/early-dismissal-8/
Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Licence.
Foundation WordPress using the Graphene Theme built with Digital PTO.


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Jason Fritz
Staff member
WSAZ has received permission from the FCC to turn off its analog signal a day early at 11:59p.m. Feb. 16, WOWK TV has been digital only for some time. The FCC gave the WSAZ-TV permission to not resume analog transmission after their analog transmitter broke. Read more here: http://www.huntingtonnews.net/local/090215-rutherford-localwsazdtv.html


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Delicious and great for parties. Don't let the kids get into them though.
Shooter - DrinkingBuddy.org Admin Submitted
The hottest shot you'll ever experience. Please don't light this on fire if you don't know what you're doing. A Dustin original!
1 Shot Aftershock or Goldschlager
1 Shot Bacardi 151
Drop in Marachino Cherry Light on fire if you dare
Now that Marachino cherry is an ingredient Option, I should probably edit this...
Just wanted to let yall know (I'm sure most of you do) that is a pretty scary drink when your already trashed. Lost many soldiers to this one :(
Want drink recipes on your PDA or internet enabled cell phone? Go to http://www.drinkingbuddy.org/mobile/


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The Maidenhead Advertiser has relaunched with a new design aimed at appealing to busy readers..
The newspaper will have shorter stories and more news-in-briefs as well as colour-coded sections.
Editor Martin Trepte said the redesign addresses the issue of readers not buying the paper "for reasons of time".
He said: "In a climate of falling newspaper sales, our redesign has tried to address this issue by making the paper easier to navigate and a quicker, more satisfying read."
Besides bringing in new columnists with more local voices and in-depth interviews by editor Trepte, the paper will also introduce a redesigned leisure section: The Zone, featuring entertainment news.
According to ABC, in the first half of this year the Maidenhead Advertiser had a circulation of 20,814, down 9.3 per cent year on year.
The Advertiser is independently owned by charitable trust which was set up in the 1960s.
Last year its publisher, Baylis and Co, bought the Windsor & Eton Express and Slough & South Bucks Express in what the company said was the biggest expansion in its history.