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I'm no ulama but arent intentions more important than actions? Somebody goes to jihad for Allah's sake and martyrdom vs. some who goes to jihad for glory and renown.
Not really
Among the erroneous notions aimed at stifling the spirit of Jihad in this Ummah is the idea of 'greater' and 'lesser' Jihads. According to this belief, striving against desires of the self is considered the Greater Jihad, which makes the Jihad of the battlefield the Lesser Jihad. This idea is based upon a story mentioned in a 12th Century book, "The History of Baghdad", by way of Yahya ibn al 'Ala', who said,
This concept, despite the fact that it is based on a 12th Century hadeeth, can be refuted from several aspects, of which we shall mention the following. This hadith does not appear in any of the famous hadith books (Sahih Bukhari, Muslim, Dawud, Tirmidhi)"We were told by Layth, on the authority of 'Ata', on the authority of Abu Rabah, on the authority of Jabir, who said, 'The Prophet (salallaahu 'alayhee wa sallam) returned from one of his battles, and thereupon told us, 'You have arrived with an excellent arrival, you have come from the Lesser Jihad to the Greater Jihad - the striving of a servant (of Allah) against his desires.''"
Firstly (scholars)
Dr. Abudllah Yusuf Azzam says about the hadith:
"Ibn Taymiyyah said :"is in fact a false, fabricated hadith which has no basis. It is only a saying of Ibrahim Ibn Abi `Abalah, one of the Successors, and it contradicts textual evidence and reality....The word "jihad", when mentioned on its own, only means combat with weapons, as was
Al Bayhaqi has said regarding it, thatThis hadith has no sources and nobody whomsoever in the field of Islamic knowledge has narrated it. Jihad against the disbelivers is the most noble of actions and moreover it is the most important action for the sake of mankind." Al-Furqan PP. 44-45Al Suyuti also pronounced a verdict of weakness on it in his book, "Al Jam'i al Saghir"."Its chain of narration is weak. (Da'eef)"
Ibn Hajar al 'Asqalani said about Yahyah bin Alulah (creator of the hadith)Al Dhahabi said in "Al-Mizan","he was accused of forging Ahadeeth."
The Egyptian, Dr. Muhammad Amin says about those who beleive this hadith:"Abu Hatim said that he is not a strong narrator, Ibn Mu'in classified him as weak, al Daraqutni said that he is to be neglected, and Ahmad ibn Hanbal said that he is a liar and a forger of Ahadeeth."
"Such people find contentment and comfort in this way, while in reality they only deceive their weak souls, for the true values of the deeds are entirely the opposite." [Path of Islamic Propagation]
Secondly (Quran)
This hadeeth explicitly contradicts clear verses of the Qur'an. Allah the Mighty, the Majestic, says, (Translation of the Meaning),
http://tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=4&tid=12033"Those believers who sit back are not equal to those who fight in the Path of Allah with their wealth and their selves. Allah has favored those who perform Jihad with their wealth and their selves by degrees over those who sit back. To both (groups) has Allah promised good, but Allah has favored the mujahideen with a great reward, by ranks from Him, and with Forgiveness, over those who sit back. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most-Merciful." Qur'an [4:95-96]
Thirdly (hadith)
This hadeeth contradicts mutawatir (mass-narrated) Ahadeeth which have been reported from the Prophet (salallaahu 'alayhee wa sallam), and which make plain the excellence of Jihad. We will mention a few of these.
"A morning or an evening spent in the Path of Allah is better than the world and all it contains."
[Bukhari and Muslim](Reported by Ibn Adee and Ibn Asakir from Abu Hurayrah 4/6165. Classified SAHEEH. Saheeh Al-Jaami' As Sagheer No. 435)"Standing for an hour in the ranks of battle in the Path of Allah is better than standing for sixty years (in prayer)."
[Sahih al- Jami']
Abu Hurayrah (radiallaahu 'anhu) said,
"Is any of you able to stand in prayer without stopping, and to fast continuously for as long as he lives?" The people said, "Oh Abu Hurayrah! Who could endure that?" He said,
"By Allah! A day of a mujaahid in the Path of Allah is better than that."The claim of those who say that the 'struggle against the self' is the Greater Jihad because the individual is put to test by day and by night, may be refuted by the following hadeeth: On the authority of Rashid, on the authority of Sa'd (radiallaahu 'anhu), on the authority of one of the Companions, that a man said, "Oh Messenger of Allah! Why is it that the believers are all put to trial in their graves, except for the martyrs?" He (salallaahu 'alayhee wa sallam) said,He (the Messenger of Allah) did that and said: There is another act which elevates the position of a man in Paradise to a grade one hundred (higher), and the elevation between one grade and the other is equal to the height of the heaven from the earth. He (Abu Sa'id) said: What is that act? He replied: Jihad in the way of Allah! Jihad in the way of Allah! [Sahih Muslim 20:4645]
"The clashing of swords above his head was sufficient trial for him."
[Sahih al-Jam'i]
I'm no ulama but arent intentions more important than actions? Somebody goes to jihad for Allah's sake and martyrdom vs. some who goes to jihad for glory and renown.
Is this true??? Has the person who has started this thread has only 2 posts?
I need someone to clarfify this if it is actually true?
http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=%202&tid=%205035It is reported in the Two Sahihs that Abu Musa Al-Ash`ari said: "The Prophet was asked, `O Allah's Messenger! A man fights out of bravery, and another fights to show off, which of them fights in the cause of Allah' The Prophet said:
(He who fights so that Allah's Word is superior, then he fights in Allah's cause.) In addition, it is reported in the Two Sahihs.....
Of course Jihad against the kufaar is the Greater Jihad. Its the Sufiana view that Jihad against one's self is the Greater Jihad.
Islam recommends jihad against Nafs (one's self) and jihad aginst kuffar who agress muslims. But why should we make one greater than the other that's what I can't understand. They both are fardh and should be done if their conditions are fulfilled (conditions for jihad especially). And we have to not forget that jihad al nafs is necessary in order to perform war jihad (we should fight our weakness and our fears before beginning the real jihad). But is that hadeeth weak or false (there is a difference) because his meaning is acceptable for me, could some one clarify the final conclusion (false or just weak hadeeth).
ah but there are other hadiths which talk about Other Jihads too.
Allah Most High said:
{Have you seen the one who chooses for his god his own lust?} (25:43). {He followed his own lust. Therefore his likeness is as the likeness of a dog; if you attack him he pants with his tongue out and if you leave him he pants with his tongue out} (7:176). These are both also Meccan Suras.
About the person who controlled the passion of his ego Allah says: {But as for him who feared to stand before his Lord and restrained his soul from lust, Lo! The garden will be his home} (79:40-41). This is also a Meccan Sura.
The above are among the many Meccan verses and Suras enjoining jihad al-nafs. One that denies that there was/is such a Divine command commits kufr. Such a command cannot mean military jihad, as there was no permission - much less an order - for such a jihad until the Madinan period.
Further, the Prophet said, upon him peace:
1. << The mujahid is he who makes jihad against his nafs (ego) for the sake of obeying Allah. >>
- Ibn Hibban (#1624, 2519): Authentic;
- Shu`ayb al-Arna'ut (Commentary on Ibn Hibban): authentic;
- al-Hakim: sahih;
- `Iraqi confirms him;
- it is also in Tirmidhi, Ahmad, and Tabarani;
- Albani included it in the "Sahiha".
2. "`A'isha, Allah be well-pleased with her, asked:
'Messenger of Allah, we see jihad as the best of deeds, so shouldn't we join it?' He replied, 'But the best jihad is a perfect Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah).'" (Sahih Al-Bukhari #2784)
3. On another occasion, a man asked: "Should I join the jihad?" The Prophet asked, upon him peace, "Do you have parents?" The man said yes. The Prophet said: "Then do jihad by serving them!" (Sahih Al-Bukhari #5972)
4. Another man asked: "What kind of jihad is better?" The Prophet replied, upon him peace: "A word of truth spoken in front of an oppressive ruler." (Sunan Al-Nasa'i #4209)
5. The Prophet also said, upon him peace: << The strong one is not the one who overcomes people, the strong one is he who overcomes his nafs ego]. >>
Al-Haythami declared it authentic in Majma` al-Zawa'id.
6. The Prophet, upon him peace, said to Abu Sa`id al-Khudri:
"Even if one strikes unbelievers and idolaters with his sword until it breaks, and he is *completely* dyed with their blood, the Rememberers of Allah are above him one degree."
The above authentic hadiths provide additional explicit evidence - especially 1 and 5 - refuting the lie that "all the evidence for jihad al-nafs is fabricated or weak."
Allah Most High is Tayyibun and accepts only the Tayyib. He declares in the Qur'an that He accepts acts of worship only if they are based on:
- purification of the self (qad aflaha man zakkaha)
- soundness of the heart (illa man ata Allaha bi-qalbin salim)
- an humble spirit (wa-innaha lakabiratun illa `alal khashi`in)
Purification of the Intention is the general heading for these. That is why the Imams (e.g. Bukhari, Shafi`i, Nawawi) always began their books of fiqh with the hadith of intention: "Actions count only according to intention."
An act outwardly considered worship but performed without pure intention is not considered worship, even fighting and dying in defense of Muslims. The Prophet, upon him peace, explicitly said of one such fighter that he was bound for the fire.
In fact, purification of intention is needed for all five pillars of Islam. Such purification is a fard `ayn and is required of all.
Thus those that claim there is no jihad al-nafs in Islam have imperiled their Islam and might make their shahada, salat, zakat, sawm, hajj, AND jihad worthless. Allah is our refuge from this.
Hajj Gibril
Last edited by Zafran; 05-01-2010 at 01:31 AM.
It requires courage to get on the battlefield and to prepare for martyrdom. As far as I know, jihad against one's soul does not require much bravery. its more about being self-critical and following Allah's commands.
I always felt like Jihad on the battlefield is easier in terms of courage? You have the rough and tough feel of courage to go out and fight/die for Allah and His Deen which is beautiful. Like you have this huge rush and passion to go out and fight for the sake of Allah, so you lack fear. It's either you die in His cause or come back alive whereas when it's your nafs you're facing you face it everyday of your life, trying to obey Allah and as we know we tend to fall short a lot. So again everyday of your life you are struggling and struggling and inshaAllah you may be successful. No matter how good you are there will always be something you fall short in...so by that personally I always felt Jihad of your nafs was tougher...wallahu alam this is just my thought, no opinion nor passing off as fact inshaAllah.
If anyone can clarify to me it would be appreciated. JazakAllah khayr
Last edited by Nσσя'υℓ Jαииαн; 05-01-2010 at 02:23 AM.
^^ I dont think going out to the battlefield to die in the way of Allah is that easy. If it was that easy, I doubt Allah would highlight the rewards of martyrdom ... ".... nay they are alive but you perceive not."
That's not what I'm asking lol. Wrong use of the term easier in there, sorry, but yea that's not what I'm asking. I'm aware of the rewards of Jihad but just as there are for those who fight their desires for Allahs sake. So again my question
Does anyone understand what I'm saying >.> Maybe I'm unclear.
Would they both not be great? I just want to understand properly how Jihad is greater thats all
Last edited by Nσσя'υℓ Jαииαн; 05-01-2010 at 02:30 AM.
That 'hadith' is popular in tasawuf. But according to Salafi Ulama, that 'hadith' is fake hadith.
This is what I found on Islamqa, and Allaah (swt) knows best:
Q. Which is the greater jihad, jihad with one's nafs or jihad in the battlefield ?
A. Praise be to Allaah.It was narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), said to his companions when they returned from a military campaign, "We have come back from the lesser jihaad to the greater jihaad." They said, "Is there any greater jihaad than jihaad against the kuffaar?" he said, "Yes, jihaad al-nafs (jihaad against the self)."
This hadeeth is not saheeh.
Undoubtedly jihaad against the self comes before jihaad against the kuffaar, because one cannot strive against the kuffaar until after one has striven against one's own self, because fighting is something which the self dislikes. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"Jihaad (holy fighting in Allaah's Cause) is ordained for you (Muslims) though you dislike it, and it may be that you dislike a thing which is good for you and that you like a thing which is bad for you. Allaah knows but you do not know"[al-Baqarah 2:216]
The point is that jihaad against the enemy cannot take place until one strives and forces oneself to do it, until one's self submits and accepts that.
Fataawa Manaar al-Islam by Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him), 2/421
Ibn al-Qayyim said: "Jihaad is of four stages: jihaad al-nafs (striving against the self), jihaad al-shayaateen (striving against the shayaateen or devils), jihaad al-kuffaar (striving against the disbelievers) and jihaad al-munaafiqeen (striving against the hypocrites).
Jihaad al-nafs means striving to make oneself learn true guidance, and to follow it after coming to know it, calling others to it, and bearing with patience the difficulties of calling others to Allaah. Jihaad al-Shaytaan means striving against him and warding off the doubts and desires that he throws at a person, and the doubts that undermine faith, and striving against the corrupt desires that he tries to inspire in a person. Jihaad against the kuffaar and munaafiqeen is done in the heart and on the tongue, with one's wealth and oneself. Jihaad against the kuffaar mostly takes the form of physical action, and jihaad against the munaafiqeen mostly takes the form of words… The most perfect of people are those who have completed all the stages of jihaad. People vary in their status before Allaah according to their status in jihaad."(Zaad al-Ma'aad 3/9-12)
And Allaah knows best.
Islam Q&A
Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid
I will close this thread to prevent people speaking without knowledge on the issue.
Thread closed.


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Sonja Anna Gusland was born December 21, 1942 in Lakeview, Oregon. Sonja passed away on March 22, 2018 preceded by her father, mother and brother. She is survived by her sister, Pat Edwards and nephew, Kevin Edwards.
Sonja was retired and enjoyed her free time working on Jig Saw Puzzles.
Perl Funeral Home & Siskiyou Memorial Park
2100 Siskiyou Blvd
Medford, OR 07504

subset: commoncrawl


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I'm talking about their Zone Cleaning for Kids book. This book takes everything you need to know in order to properly tidy a house and breaks it into manageable portions so that kids can successfully clean the house. I'll be honest, it's not just the kids. I use it myself. You know how sometimes life happens and the entire house is utterly destroyed? I have found myself wandering around just wondering where to begin. If it is this overwhelming for us adults, can you imagine how overwhelming it is for kids? This book takes the guesswork out of everything. You begin with step one and progress through the list systematically. It is so simple and so quick! In our house, we call this our flip chart. Every day, I say "It's time to flip the house!" and within 20 minutes, the house is clean. This book is sturdy and laminated so that you can write in it with a dry erase marker. But we rarely even open the book anymore. The steps are memorized. We all take turns "flipping" different rooms in the house and we almost have fun doing so.
Bedroom Cleaning for Kids is another wonderful tool by Trigger Memory Systems. Using this book, even my 3 and 5 year old can clean their room without tears. Wouldn't you say that is worth $7.95? The kids have fun tidying and they are so proud of themselves when they are finished!
Laundry for Kids is something I haven't been brave enough to let the kids try yet. I am very picky about my laundry. But when
The Laundry book is in black and white, rather than color like the other two, but is still a great reference if you are ready to hand this chore over to your children. It will be especially nice because it will eliminate the need for them coming to you to repeatedly ask, "Okay, now what? I forget..."
The books can be purchased individually or in different package combinations to save a bit.
And now, a giveaway! I will be giving all 3 books away to one winner to be randomly selected Friday night at midnight. This package is worth $29.95...and it really is worth every penny. To enter, all you need to do is take a peek at my other TOS reviews and tell me which product sounds the most appealing to you. Leave a comment telling me about your favorite and you will be automatically entered. If you blog about this contest, leave a 2nd comment sharing a link to your post and I will enter you twice! My random number generator, named Ethan, will wake up briefly to pick the winner Friday night at midnight. He will not remember doing so and his speech will be slurred, but pick it he will....and shhhh, don't tell, but I hope he picks you!
For more reviews of this product, be sure to check out the Homeschool Crew.


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Clicking "Search Homes" on HomeExchange.com is only the first step. Whether you are looking for a specific destination or wanting to explore, the search page is your new favorite travel companion. Sure, there are the standard options to consider, like where you want to go and number of bedrooms you need. But click on "More Filters" and a whole world of possibilities becomes available. From contemporary to cozy, take some time to refine your search so you discover exactly what you want to experience.
So, how do you make "Search" work for you?
Here are our top search features that can make narrowing down your options fun and easy.
Home Type: Select from a variety of residences from apartments and lofts to cottages, houses and chalets, as well as some more unique options like boat homes, mobile homes or even tree houses.
Exchange Type: Pick from simultaneous (classic home exchanging), non-simultaneous, hospitality, or Passport exchange. Get away with a "weekend" or "last minute" exchange or explore the possibility of an extended trip with a "long-term exchange". Some members exchange for years at a time! You can even select "Second Home" for a little more flexibility.
Neighbours: Channel your best city vibe with "urban", take a "suburban" break or have a quieter adventure in the country with "rural."
Amenities: From "indoor fireplaces" to "gourmet kitchens", "wireless internet" to "pools" and "saunas" – whatever you need to make your vacation a great one, you'll find here. The "amenities" filter is also where you find "wheelchair accessible" homes to make sure that everyone is able to join in on the trip.
Surrounding: You may love the "beach" or maybe "mountains" are more your thing. This filter will help you pinpoint your ideal environment.
Activities: Refine results to include everything from "biking" to "surfing", "farmer's markets" to "restaurants", and from "nightlife & clubbing" to "theater". Whatever your passion, or soon-to-be passion, there's a HomeExchange for that.
Exchange Partner: Select the maximum number of people you would ideally like to exchange with, simply choose between 1 and 8+ depending on your accommodation needs. Experienced Exchanger notes members who have exchanged before are often happy to show you some tricks of the trade, especially when organizing your first exchange. Refine your search further by choosing from Languages and Badges.
Tags: This broad-ranging filter lets you search options like "disabled travelers", "allergy-free home", "gay friendly", "professionals", "seniors" and much more. With each click, your search results will begin to feel even more like a home-away-from-home.
Vacation Type: Jump start your planning with a curated list of options. "Romantic," "Family Fun," "Gourmet Paradises," and "Mountains & Snow" are just a few of the exciting options to choose from.
Bonus Feature: Save Search
Once you've tailored your filters to perfection, it would be a shame to lose all that hard work. Click the "Save Search" button to the right of the screen and, like magic, your search has been saved. Not only that, it will continue to automatically update. That means as new listings that meet your criteria become available, you will automatically be notified via email. It's a good idea to review your "Email Notification" settings to ensure you will receive notifications.
To view your saved searches, simply select "Dashboard" from the toolbar then select "Saved Searches" from the top navigation.
However you search, remember that the more detail you include, the more likely you are to find a location that matches you and your ideal travel preferences. Go ahead, explore, play around, click "Off the Beaten Track" under "Vacation Types" and see what shows up. You never know what you'll discover! So, what filters will you set?
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So, am I pregnant now?
At 3 weeks pregnant, your egg has been fertilized by your partner's sperm, but it still has a ways to travel before it establishes a pregnancy.
It's most likely that several sperm tried to fertilize your egg, but it's only possible for one sperm cell to unite with your egg to create a baby. When it does, the membrane covering your egg changes and blocks all other sperm from entering the egg.
When a sperm cell and an egg cell unite, they create a new single cell called a zygote. The zygote that you are carrying, your future baby, then starts the never ending process of cell division. Within 12 hours, that single cell divides into two and 12 hours after that those two cells divide into four.
Fallopian Tubes Conception
While most people think of their baby being conceived in their uterus, it doesn't really happen that way. Conception happens your fallopian tubes and after a zygote is formed, it continues to move through your fallopian tube until it reaches your uterus.
By the time your zygote reaches your uterus, it has successfully split into about 500 cells arranged around a fluid-filled cavity and is called a blastocyst. The outer layer of cells will form into the placenta while the inner mass of cells will develop into your baby.
By the end of week 3, the blastocyst clings to the wall of your uterus and delivers an enzyme that begins to dissolve the lining of your uterus. As the lining dissolves, the blastocyst is able to firmly attach itself to your uteran wall.
It may be soon to detect it
Although it may be too early to be detected by a home pregnancy test, you are well on your way to having a baby – Congratulations!


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It's not everyday that you get the chance to take out an AV legend like Maria Ozawa.
That's why when news came up of some lucky dude being her Valentine's date, her legions of admirers were understandably filled with envy.
Well, her fans can just keep drooling as Ozawa recently went out with another online celebrity, Ramon Bautista.
The self-proclaimed 'Internet action star' of Manila literally drove his date crazy with a trip to Manila and a barrage of hilariously sneaky questions for one hell of a ride.
In the end, Ramon had to settle for something that's probably less harsh than being 'friend-zoned': the 'mabait zone.' Well, bro, at least there's a sliver of hope.


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My second page for Rachel. So I did my part in Rachel's journal:-3
15 Artists determined to send their lovingly crafted journals round the world on a very special journey....
Sunday, 8 January 2012
Purple Owl Tree
My first entree in Rachel's art journal. A whimsical page. I do not feel to be too serious, so whimsical it is. I like this page very, very much. The second page will be uploaded today. So I did my part in Rachel's journal:-3
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Fire engulfs tire factory in Clark
Updated 20:28 PM PHT Sun, May 14, 2017
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(CNN Philippines, May 14) — A huge fire hit a tire factory in the Clark Freeport Zone Sunday afternoon.
According to witnesses, the fire started at around 3:10 p.m., when they heard an explosion at the Storage Phase 3 of Yokohama Tires.
As per reports, two employees and a fireman were wounded and brought to the hospital.
More than 10 firetrucks responded.
As of 6 p.m., there is no official declaration that the fire is under control.
Angeles-based journalist Justine Dizon contributed to this report.
This is a developing story. Please refresh for updates.


text: Instagram Photo Yay #YouMakeItFeelLikeChristmas is here!! Order & stream now gwenstefani.com gx Comments Body * More information about text formats Text format Medium MediumImages with a data-picture-mapping attribute will be responsive, with a file size appropriate for the browser width. Post Image Add a new file Files must be less than 96 KB.Allowed file types: gif jpg jpeg. Leave this field blank


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This morning as I was lying in bed and the clouds were laying snow on the ground, I was thinking about the next topic on which to post. The northeast lies buried in snow and it's so cold that chickens will lay ice cubes instead of eggs today.
I thought, why not write a quick review of "lay" versus "lie"?
Okay, it's definition time.
transitive verb - a verb which transfers its action to an object (see the post on subjects and objects if you need a refresher). In short, a verb that is transitive requires an object.
intransitive verb - a verb which does not take an object. Think of an intransitive verb as a "stand alone" verb.
Let's look at some examples:
I have (transitive verb) a hammer (object).
You cried (intransitive verb).
If you think about more examples, you will quickly find that there are many verbs which take two objects (a direct object and an indirect object) and some verbs can be either transitive or intransitive. We'll cover these situations another time. Right now I want to focus on two specific verbs: lay and lie.
Here's the most important thing to remember about "lay". Lay is a transitive verb. Let's say it again just to make sure it sticks in our memory. Lay is a transitive verb. And a transitive verb takes an object. So, lay always takes an object.
"Lie" is an intransitive verb. Lie does not take an object. Most of the time when you are saying "lay", you probably mean to say "lie".
Some examples:
The chicken lays an egg.
I was lying down. (Note that "down" is NOT an object!!)
The second most important thing to remember is that "down" is not an object. It is a preposition. If the verb is followed by a preposition (on, in, down, ...), you probably want to use "lie".
Why do so many people get confused about this? There are probably a few culprits.
The first is that old prayer that children are taught, "now I lay me down to sleep." Here, lay is used correctly as transitive verb with "me" as its object. Normally we don't talk like that (using lay as a reflexive verb), but somehow "lay" became associated in our minds as the correct verb to use.
The second reason for confusion might be that the past tense of "lie" is "lay". So, right now I lie on the bed. (Notice the preposition following the verb?) But, earlier today I lay on the bed. This definitely contributes to confusion between "lay" and "lie".
Try to remember the main points stressed above and you won't lay an egg next time you lie down.


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Continuing with summer desserts its time for Kesar Pista Kulfi .
Apparently King Akbar mentions the Kulfi in his 16th century journals thus you find Kulfi and Falooda combination is deep rooted in North India's culture especially Old Delhi.
Having spent most part of my childhood in Delhi ,kulfi has a very special place and brings back some lovely memories!!
Kulfi or Indian ice cream, as its popularly known,is rich,creamy and dense.Its laden with Almonds,Pistachio and delicately flavored with Saffron and Cardamom.
Kesar Pista Kulfi
Makes 6-8 small kulfi moulds
4 cups full cream milk
1/2 tsp crushed Saffron strings
6 tbsp sugar
2 Green Cardamom,crushed
1/4 cup Slivered Almonds
2 tbsp pistachios sliced
Boil the milk on medium heat till its reduced to half .Add the saffron while its boiling.Add sugar and boil for another 7-8 minutes.Remove from heat .Add cardamom and nuts.Divide the mixture between the moulds and freeze until set.


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Yesterday, I was deeply saddened to let you know that a tragic aircraft accident had claimed the lives of an Embry-Riddle student pilot as well as a pilot examiner.
With a heavy heart, I can now confirm that the fallen were our student and U.S. Navy veteran Zachary Capra and John S. Azma, a highly experienced pilot examiner designated by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
Zach, 25, had planned to graduate this summer with a bachelor's degree in Aeronautics. He was a member of Embry-Riddle's Student Veterans Organization, having transferred to the university following his service to the Navy (2012-2016). Zach had been an aviation boatswain's mate on the USS Harry S. Truman. He graduated from Mountain Range High School in Westminster, Colo., and he attended Adam State University in 2011.
An aspiring pilot, Zach was described by a friend as someone who smiled often and never hesitated to provide encouragement to others.
Zach was the beloved son of Patsy and John Capra of Thornton, Colo.
John Azma, founder of AZMA Flt Inc. of Orlando, Fla., was well known and respected by many in the Embry-Riddle community. He was a highly decorated FAA-designated pilot examiner as well as a pilot proficiency examiner and a flight instructor, John had at least 20 years of flight experience and nearly a dozen unique jet aircraft-type ratings. His proficiencies encompassed many aircraft, from single-engine piston aircraft to multiengine turbine powered jets. He was known for his calm professionalism in the cockpit.
John is survived by his wife, Isabelle Azma, and their two sons.
We have all been shocked and devastated by this tragedy. We will continue to provide support for everyone in the Embry-Riddle community who is experiencing grief. We share our sincere condolences to all those affected by this loss.
The National Transportation Safety Board is conducting an in-depth investigation. We are working closely with authorities to support their efforts in any way we can. We will provide additional information on an ongoing basis, as soon as we possibly can.
Campus members in need of support at this time are encouraged to contact the Counseling Center or the Chaplain's Office.
Published 4/4/18 12:40 p.m.
It is with profound sadness that I must inform you of an aircraft accident today that resulted in the loss of one of our student pilots as well as a passenger who was a designated pilot examiner with the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration.
The identities of our student as well as the FAA examiner are not being publicly released at this time, pending notification of family members. Our prayers and deepest sympathies go out to all those affected by this devastating loss.
The cause of the accident, which was reported at 9:54 a.m. on Wednesday, April 4, 2018, near Tomoka Farms Road in Daytona Beach, Fla., has not been determined. Embry-Riddle is cooperating fully with all appropriate law enforcement and regulatory authorities.
We will communicate with you again as soon as we have any additional information.
The Embry-Riddle Counseling Center and the Chaplain's Office are available to provide support, as needed, for students, faculty and staff.
In conjunction with Anne Botteri, vice president of marketing and communications, we will provide further information as it becomes available.
P. Barry Butler, Ph.D.
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University is the world's largest, oldest and most comprehensive institution specializing in aviation, aerospace, engineering and related degree programs. A fully accredited university, Embry-Riddle is also a major research center, seeking solutions to real-world problems in partnership with the aerospace industry, other universities and government agencies. A nonprofit, independent institution, Embry-Riddle offers more than 100 associate, baccalaureate, master's and Ph.D. degree programs in its colleges of Arts & Sciences, Aviation, Business, Engineering and Security & Intelligence. The university educates students at residential campuses in Daytona Beach, Fla., and Prescott, Ariz., through its Worldwide Campus with more than 135 locations in the United States, Europe and Asia, and through online programs. For more information, visit erau.edu, follow us on Twitter (@EmbryRiddle) and facebook.com/EmbryRiddleUniversity, and find expert videos at YouTube.com/EmbryRiddleUniv.


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"The existence of water or the possibility of the existence of water on Mars has been a challenge for Scientists to prove; the premise of this challenge has become the same principal as playing a school yard game of Hide and Seek." (Anselm, R.)
Scientists would probably rather play a game of Hide and Seek with a room full of kids at daycare than to try to dissect every possibility of trying to prove that water did once actually exist on the Red Planet. The challenge of forming an accurate hypothesis about the existence of water on Mars to scientists is probably the same feeling has trying to watch your favorite sitcoms or Soap Operas on television but someone else has the remote control and they keep switching channels. You really don`t have control and you are at the mercy of some other source to get you what you want. In this case the clues to prove water did actually exist on Mars.
NASA`S Curiosity Rover recently discovered many clues of how water helped shape the Martian landscape. One of the main landmarks on the Martian landscape known as Mount Sharp is proven to have been built on many sediment deposits in a large lake bed over many millions of years. This discovery also proves to scientists that the climate on Mars was favorable for producing long-lasting lakes in around many locations on Mars landscape.
Ashwin Vasavada who is Curiosity`s Deputy Project scientist commented, "If our hypothesis for Mount Sharp holds up, it challenges the notion that warm and wet conditions were transient, local, or only underground on Mars. A more radical explanation is that Mars` ancient, thicker atmosphere raised temperatures above freezing globally, but so far we don`t know how the atmosphere did that." (Vasavada, A.)
One of the main mysteries that researchers are trying to answer is why this large and very layered mountain sits in a crater. Project scientist, John Grotzinger commented on this, "We are making headway in solving the mystery of Mount Sharp. Where there`s now a mountain, there may have once been a series of lakes." (Grotzinger, J.)
If scientists prove that Mount Sharp does actually sit on a spot where there once was a series of lakes then this will prove that water did actually exist or may even still exist on Mars. The reason in my opinion the research is so hot and heavy on proving water did or does exist on Mars is I believe that scientist are trying to find another planet that we (humans) could adapt to and live on in the future if need be and the planet would have to have the same adaptability as Earth for us to be able to survive on. If there is the existence of water then the existence of many biological elements and other needed beings will also exist and would make that planet livable for us.
Grotzinger went on to say, "The great thing about a lake that occurs repeatedly, over and over, is that each time it comes back it is another experiment to tell you how the environment works. As Curiosity climbs higher on Mount Sharp, we will have a series of experiments to show patterns in how the atmosphere and the water and the sediments interact. We may see how the chemistry changed in the lakes over time. This is a hypothesis supported by what we have observed so far, providing a framework for testing in the coming year." (Grotzinger, J.)
Scientists are studying the events of how Mount Sharp was formed over millions of years and have speculated that after the crater that Mount Sharp currently sit in filled with water a few hundred feet deep or so that at that time; the sediments hardened into rock and the accumulations of sediments were sculpted over time into a mountainous shape by wind erosion that carved away the material between the crater perimeter and what is now the edge of the mountain.
Sanjeev Gupta of Imperial College in London commented on this, "We found sedimentary rocks suggestive of small, ancient deltas stacked on top of one another. Curiosity crossed a boundary from an environment dominated by rivers to an environment dominated by lakes." (Gupta, S.)
So, over time the mountain was formed and shaped one layer at a time. The study and ongoing research about the mystery of Mount Sharp should prove to give scientists a vital clue about the possibility, past and present of the existence of water on the Red Planet.
NASA`s Curiosity Rover Finds Clues to How Water Helped Shape Martian Landscape, (http://www.nasa.gov/msl). Retrieved 2014.
A Game of Fun, Strategy and Luck
From the Author Ron G. Anselm comes a new and exciting way to look at the complete history of Major League baseball. His latest release titled, Our Grand Ol` National Past Time " A Brief History of Major League Baseball will give the sports fan or just anyone in general who loves to read a new perspective view on how to look at our national past time, Major League baseball and at the same time give the reader a fun and inspirational history lesson. You can order your copy now, go to Ron Anselm`s website at (ronanselm.tateauthor.com), click on the page "About the Book" then on the right side of the page click on "Buy the Book" that will take you to Tate Publishing`s website then just add it to your cart. It`s that simple and you will be glad you did. You can also go directly to Tate Publishing`s website at (http://www.tatepublishing.com) to also buy your copy. It is not just for the sports fan or baseball lover`s but for anyone who loves books and loves to read about anything and everything.


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7 North BrinkWisbechCambs, PE13 1JUTel: 01945 660460
0330 726 0077
The New Horsefair Clinic27 St. Augustines RoadWisbechCambridgeshirePE13 3AD
The District Nurses provide a nursing service for housebound patients in the local community.
01945 488028
Health Visitors deliver the healthy child programme to families/carers with children aged 0-5 years of age .
For more information follow the link: Health Visitors.
Community Matron visits are organised through your GP and are specifically for patients who require a more intense care service.
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Get a Good Night's Rest with Sleep Apnea Therapy
Do you snore so loud at night that it leaves your spouse and children grumpy in the morning? Do you regularly feel exhausted in the mornings, even if you went to bed right on time and seemingly got a full eight hours? These are common symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a serious health problem that can wreak havoc on your wellbeing and general quality of life.
Many people don't realize that some dentists are actually capable of treating this condition through the use of a customized oral appliance. If you're a victim of mild to moderate sleep apnea, consider contacting Dolfield Dental in Owings Mills, MD today for a consultation.
What is Sleep Apnea?
There are multiple forms of sleep apnea, but the most common one (and the one that we are capable of treating) is called obstructive sleep apnea. It occurs when a patient's airway becomes partially or fully blocked during sleep because of excess tissue. As a result, the brain is deprived of oxygen and must alert the patient to wake up so that they can clear the blockage and resume their breathing. These awakenings may only last a few seconds and not even be remembered in the morning, but they can occur dozens of times each night and result in deeply fractured sleep.
Common symptoms of OSA that you should be aware of include:
- Frequent daytime exhaustion/fatigue
- Loud, chronic snoring
- Lots of trips to the bathroom throughout the night
- Problems with memory and concentration
- Waking up with a very dry mouth and/or a sore throat
- Waking up with a headache
- Gasping, choking, or periods of complete silence during sleep (check with a bed partner)
How Does Oral Appliance Therapy Work?
Traditionally, OSA is treated with a CPAP machine, which forces air down the throat at a consistent pace throughout the night with the use of a facial mask and machine. However, while effective, this type of treatment also experiences a high level of intolerance among patients. People often choose to forgo treatment entirely instead of putting up with the CPAP's loud noises and discomfort. Thankfully, a custom-made oral appliance can help.
Oral appliances are designed to be worn comfortably throughout the night, and they'll reposition the jaw and/or tongue just enough to prevent airway collapse. This way, our patients can wake up feeling well-rested and ready for the day ahead!


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Meet the Authors of "The New Marriage"
Marriage and family therapists Linda and Robert Miles offer the answers to your questions, and provide the tools that will empower couples to transform their relationships, move beyond Hollywood-inspired, happily-ever-after fantasies, and learn to create realistic, long-term adult relationships. Professional therapists, Linda and Robert Miles have each worked in the mental health field for over thirty years. Married for more than ten years, they are deeply committed to helping other couples achieve rewarding relationships.
Linda Miles has written many articles about communication skills and relationships.
Robert Miles is employed in private practice and with the Department of Children and Families. He has consulted with numerous agencies, has done administrative and clinical work, and has been co-therapist with with his wife in couples counseling. Click Here for Complete Biography.
"We grow up believing in magic," they say. "Fairy-tales from our childhood are betraying us as adults. The myth is not a sound foundation for our relationships. That is why we have written our book. It has been our life's work. In our book, people will find what they have been looking for, both substance and direction. We present our book as a guide and our gift to other couples."
Their first co-authored book, The New Marriage: Transcending the Happily-Ever-After Myth (published by Cypress House) is a guidebook to help adults achieve transformation in their relationships. "We have both traveled this journey," say the authors. "And, we are still learning how to be good partners for each other.
Couples in today's traditional and non-traditional relationships are trying to succeed at a game where the rules have changed. And, without a map to provide direction, they remain clueless.
These tools provide realistic guides for today's relationships." The authors believe that it is important to have "lived the questions" about how to make a relationship work and share many of their personal experiences in their book.


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I'm a survivor. And I think it's a beautiful word.
Most of us, when we hear the word survivor think of cancer. And that's awesome because people who face cancer … the diagnosis, the surgery, the chemo and radiation (if you need these treatments) and then the getting back up and going on with life after ALL that beating down takes phenomenal awesomeness!
I know this for sure because I survived cancer. The definition of when you reach survivor status varies – some say from diagnosis to end of life, others insist you must be 5 years cancer-free; I say this is arbitrary because if you received a diagnosis and you're still alive, that pretty much spells survival! By the way, even though this diagnosis event lasts only approximately 5 minutes, it is THE MOST EARTH-SHATTERING, TIME-STOPPING, FRIGHTENING 5 minutes of the whole experience.
Here's the thing.
So many are facing divorce today. And rejection.
Single parents are struggling to juggle all the balls. They're scared.
Your neighbours are bombarded with anxiety. And they're ashamed.
Depression chips away relentlessly at the very souls of those it attacks. And people judge.
What of those facing an illness other than cancer? Illness without the prestige.
Those precious parents dealing with a sick, either physically or mentally, child. This one breaks my heart.
The many elderly who are alone. And lonely.
Those fighting addiction.
Those facing discrimination.
The bullied.
THIS WHOLE BEAUTIFUL WORLD IS FIGHTING A BATTLE! And it may not be cancer.
And these anxious, depressed, lonely millions are not receiving homemade meals every day, hundreds of get well you're amazing, you can do this, we're here for you cards, people begging to clean their house, walk their dog, and do anything they can to help like I (and many others) did when fighting the C word!!!
Which I appreciated beyond words.
My favourite definition of survivor is one who continues to function or prosper.
Which means there are survivors all around! We're rubbing shoulders everyday, passing one another at the grocery store, and liking each others' posts on Facebook! If you're struggling (and we all are!)…
But continuing to function , perhaps even prosper ,
Survivors …. All of us.
And I think to myself … What a beautiful world.


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About MrSimon
How does a nobody actually make a game?
MrSimon posted a topic in Games Business and LawHi, This is a purely hypothetical question. Suppose, I actually had a great idea for a game, and suppose, that were it to be produced, it would not only be hugely successful, it would be really big. Just suppose. How does someone like me (a little knowledge of c++ and a good idea of how to develop this game IF I had a big wad of cash) actually go about getting it done? I see thread after after thread (all over the net) advising not to bother/it'll never happen/do something else, but there are obviously people who have managed to make it happen. So what do they do that's so different? Essentially, what I am asking is this: Suppose I have a great enough idea for a game (an some idea as to how to execute the design), that you're convinced it will, if made, be a phenomenal success. What would you suggest I do with it? Send to Eidos? Approach the bank? Slog away in my own time for the next 12 years? Honestly, there must be some way of doing this.
It all works now. I needed the correct order of assignments, in the correct place in regards to the object calls. It works now. Yay! I've only been using c++ for a few weeks, but I'm getting really really good at diagnosing errors!!!! It's a start!
Hi there. Sorry for the late reply. I managed to get it working on my own, though essentially I have done what you describe in the second method. I am having another problem though. I have my gameengine class create pointers to the renderengine, the gamestates and now the eventengine. The gameengine constructor creates new instances of the renderengine, the gamestate and the event engine. The gameengine destructor deletes these instances. The gamestate class creates a pointer to renderengine, and is now able to access it to do rendering. The gamestate class also creates a pointer to the eventengine class and is able to access that. However, even though i create pointers in the event engine class (even copying and pasting the same declarations) the event engine is unable to access the functions of the other objects. It compiles, but I am getting bad access errors, which so far have usually been caused by empty pointers. In pseudo code, if it helps. class cGameEngine { cGameEngine(); void Function(); cEventEngine* EventEngine; cRenderEngine* RenderEngine; cGameState* GameState; }; cGameEngine::cGameEngine() { EventEngine = new cEventEngine; RenderEngine = new cRenderEngine; GameState = new cGameState; }; cGameEngine::~cGameEngine() { delete EventEngine; delete RenderEngine; delete GameState; }; void cRenderEngine() { //Do Something... }; class cRenderEngine { void Function(); }; void cRenderEngine::Function() { //Render Something... }; class cGameState { void GetEvents(); void GetRendering(); cRenderEngine* RenderEngine; cEventEngine* EventEngine; }; void cGameState::GetEvents() { EventEngine->Function(); }; void cGameState::GetRendering() { RenderEngine->Function(); }; cGameEngine* Game = new GameEngine; int main() { while(running) { Game->GameState->GetRendering(); // ^ This works! Game->GameState->GetEvent(); // ^ This doesn't work! }; delete Game; }; If I change the event engine function to render (like the render engine function) it fails here too with the same error. I can follow the processes with the debugger, and it is following the references through the gameengine to the gamestate to the render engine, and it is following the process through the gameengine to the gamestate to the eventengine, but the pointers at the eventengine are coming up empty. Game engine > game state > render engine > to render engine function Game engine > game state > event engine > empty pointers. Sorry that I have basically tried to explain the same problem over and over. I want to make it clear. Thanks in advance for any help offered. Simon
Nested Classes ~ I think
MrSimon posted a topic in General and Gameplay ProgrammingEdit: Sorry, I should have said, this is c++. Could someone please help me out with some code. I have a global class - cGameEngine. I have two other classes - cRenderEngine and cGameStates. cGameEngine manages the game, initialises the other two classes and manages the game states. cRenderEngine handles OpenGL, and cGameStates is an abstract base class from which I derive my game states - InitialState, PlayState and so on. So far cGameEngine initialises cRenderEngine on creation and has functions to Model 3D, 2D and to render - called through the renderengine object. cGameEngine also creates a game states stack, and initialises some game states. So far so good (although I have no idea if this is a wise way of doing things - it's as far as I've been able to work out). What I want to happen, is for the game states to handle the renderengine though the gamengine object. I can get the renderengine to function through the gameengine object, because the renderengine object is a member of the game engine object, but I can't get the game state objects to access the gameengine object, because the game states are object members of gameengine. I understand that I need to pass a pointer from gameengine to the game states, but I can't find how to do this with out upsetting something. I've managed to find a way to pass a gameengine pointer as far as the gamestates base class, but it isn't inherited by the derived game state objects, and gives me an error regarding explicit and default constructors. Could some body please provide the code I would need to add to the cGameStates abstract base class, and the derived gamestate classes. Also, is this a sensible way of doing things? It seems pretty tidy, but I'm a bit worried about memory leaks and so on, not really knowing how to look for them. Thanks to everyone looks and/or comments.
And that did it. As promised, I will bugger off for a while. Thanks guys. You really are brilliant.
OK. I have one more. After this, I promise, I'll leave you all alone. VBO works, colours work, IBO works. Texture doesn't work? Any ideas what's wrong? struct float3 { float x, y, z; }; struct float2 { float x, y; }; struct sVertex { float3 Position, colours, normals; float2 Texture; }; struct sPolygons { int x, y, z; //float Normal; }; class cModel { private: GLuint TextureID; GLuint VBOID; GLuint IBOID; int nVertices, nPolygons; unsigned char* TextureData; public: cModel(int nVertices, sVertex Vertices[], int nPolygons, sPolygons Polygons[], const char * TextureFile, int TextureWidth, int TextureHeight); void Update(); void Render(); }; cModel::cModel(int numVertices, sVertex Vertices[], int numPolygons, sPolygons Polygons[], const char * TextureFile, int TextureWidth, int TextureHeight) { nVertices = numVertices; glGenBuffers(1, &VBOID); glGenBuffers(1, &IBOID); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBOID); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, numVertices*sizeof(sVertex), Vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); nPolygons = numPolygons; glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, IBOID); glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, numPolygons*sizeof(sPolygons), Polygons, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); FILE * file = NULL; file = fopen(TextureFile, "rb"); TextureData = new unsigned char [TextureWidth * TextureHeight * 3]; fread(TextureData, TextureWidth * TextureHeight * 3, 1, file); fclose(file); glGenTextures(1, &TextureID); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, TextureID); glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_MODULATE); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, TextureWidth, TextureHeight, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, TextureData); }; void cModel::Render() { glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBOID); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, IBOID); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, TextureID); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, 11*sizeof(float), (char*)NULL+0); glColorPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, 11*sizeof(float), (char*)NULL+3*sizeof(float)); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT,11*sizeof(float), ((char*)NULL)+9*sizeof(float)); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, nPolygons*3, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0); //glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, nVertices); glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); }; sVertex Vertices[3] = { {{0.0f, 5.0f, -1.0f}, {0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {0.5f, 1.0f}}, {{5.0f, -5.0f, -1.0f}, {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {1.0f, 0.0f}}, {{-5.0f, -5.0f, -1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f}} }; sPolygons Array2[1] = { {0, 1, 2} }; I really promise, this will be the last thing for a while (a little while anyway).
And now it works. Thank you guys. I should be quiet for a couple of days while I try to work out loading textures! Thanks again guys. You make a difficult process (for me anyway - it's only been a week, so far) a whole lot easier.
Ok. I got this one too. Turns out I am an idiot, and got the colour values wrong. The values written as 0.1f should have been 1.0f. I do, however, have yet another difficulty. My IBO is not working. struct float3 { float x, y, z; }; struct sVertex { float3 Position, colours, normals; float2 Texture; }; struct sPolygons { int x, y, z; //float Normal; }; sVertex Vertices[3] = { {{300.0f, 200.0f, -1.0f}, {0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f}}, {{350.0f, 150.0f, -1.0f}, {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f}}, {{250.0f, 150.0f, -1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.0f}} }; sPolygons Array2 = { 2, 1, 0 }; cModel::cModel(int numVertices, sVertex Vertices[], int numPolygons, sPolygons Polygons[]) { nVertices = numVertices; nPolygons = numPolygons; glGenBuffers(1, &VBOID); glGenBuffers(1, &IBOID); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBOID); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, numVertices*sizeof(sVertex), Vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, IBOID); glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, numPolygons*sizeof(sPolygons), Polygons, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); }; void cModel::Render() { glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBOID); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, IBOID); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, 11*sizeof(float), (char*)NULL+0); glColorPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, 11*sizeof(float), (char*)NULL+3*sizeof(float)); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, nPolygons, GL_FLOAT, 0); //glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, nVertices); glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); }; If I comment out the DrawElements line and uncomment the DrawArrays line, it works perfectly. Otherwise I get nothing. Anyone have any ideas? I promise I'll stop asking questions for a while if I get help with this
So far so good. I'm expanding my structs now, and adding colours the vertices. But, naturally ( ), I'm having some difficulties. This is the new struct form for sVertex: struct sVertex { float3 Position, colours, normals; float2 Texture; }; And here is the data: sVertex Vertices[3] = { {300.0f, 200.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.1f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {350.0f, 150.0f, -1.0f, 0.1f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}, {250.0f, 150.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f} }; The colorpointer is defined as: glColorPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, 11*sizeof(float), (char*)NULL+3*sizeof(float)); What should(?) happen is that each vertices should be a different colour. What is happening, is that the whole triangle renders black. If I shift the stride and offset values I can get one corner blue or one corner yellow, or one corner red, or one corner green. Any ideas? I thought I was doing well!
Wow. I fixed it. If I initialise the struct better: sVertex Vertices[3] = { {300.0f, 200.0f, -1.0f}, {350.0f, 150.0f, -1.0f}, {250.0f, 150.0f, -1.0f} }; And change: glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, numVertices*sizeof(sVertex), &Vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW); to: glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, numVertices*sizeof(sVertex), Vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW); It works! Yay. But I'm sure there are about a million other things wrong. I', open to any and all advice regarding the better way of doing what I'm doing. Thanks everyone.
Ok. Would anyone mind to give me a hand with my structs. I created the following structs: struct float3 { float x, y, z; }; struct sVertex { float3 Position; }; I made the struct 'Vertices' and filled it in: sVertex Vertices[3] = { 300.0f, 200.0f, -1.0f, 350.0f, 150.0f, -1.0f, 250.0f, 150.0f, -1.0f }; In my class cModels, I have the constructor as follows: cModel::cModel(int numVertices, sVertex Vertices[], int numPolygons, sPolygons Polygons[]) { nVertices = numVertices; glGenBuffers(1, &VBOID); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBOID); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, numVertices*sizeof(sVertex), &Vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); }; And the render function: void cModel::Render() { glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBOID); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, nVertices); glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); }; And nothing happens. If I remove the structs and enter the information as I did in the opening post, it works and I get a little grey triangle. I am assuming the problem is with the structs, or with my trying to get the information from the struct into the buffer. Would I have to take the vertex information out of the struct, and put it into an array within the class before putting it into the buffer? That seems a bit excessive, but I guess the glVertexArray may be having a problem with being given an array of structs, each of which contains another struct. Any ideas? All help is appreciated. Edit: OK. For a start, I think I'm initialising the array of structs wrong. I'll have a look and see what that does later.
It is the second case. I'm working on the structs, but I'm not so good with them. Hopefully a little more practice...
That did it! Thank you so much. I do normally. It was all nicely arranged in a good long class, which I then had to butcher whilst trying to find what was wrong! Thank you again.
VBO error
MrSimon posted a topic in Graphics and GPU ProgrammingCan someone please tell me why this piece of code is not working? I've been messing around with it for days. If I enter the vertex data in immediate mode (glBegin/glEnd) it renders with no problems. So what am I dong wrong? float Vertices[9] = { 300.0f, 200.0f, -1.0f, 350.0f, 150.0f, -1.0f, 250.0f, 150.0f, -1.0f }; void DrawTriangle(int numVertices, float Vertices[]) { GLuint VBOID; glGenBuffers(1, &VBOID); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBOID); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, numVertices*sizeof(float), &Vertices[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, 9, GL_FLOAT, &Vertices[0]); glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBOID); }; This is ultimately going to go back into the class it's failing to work in. It took me a day to wok out that the this bit of code is what is wrong with it. It was a long day. Thanks.
OpenGL Efficient vertex arrays
MrSimon posted a topic in Graphics and GPU ProgrammingHi all, I'm new to this site and c++ programming and openGL and, well, all of this. But I have been making steady progress. I'm fairly confident with c++ (syntax not withstanding) and have gotten to the stage where I can create a window, create some objects and move them about. I'm now going over what I now and trying to make it as efficient and functional as possible. So far I have progressed from entering all object generation methods between glBegin and glEnd tags directly in may game loop, to creating object generation classes for much simpler object specification. I am now trying to creating a method that enables polygons and objects to share vertex references, minimising the number of necessary calls. This is the bit I need a little guidance on. What I am hoping to do is the following: Create an array of vertices for each object (the vertex array will also hold normal, texture, etc information). Create an array of vertex references. Construct objects using vertex references, enabling my polygons to share vertexes. Add simple functions for constructing and manipulating objects. I'm pretty comfortable with all of this, however I was wondering how sensible this approach is; whether it is the most efficient way of doing this, whether I have forgotten or overlooked something, or whether the openGL vertex array method would render this approach redundant. I've looked through the specification regarding the openGL vertex array method and am assuming it basically does what I am intending to do, though (I think) in a slightly less efficient way. I've also read somewhere suggesting that using glBegin/glEnd is to be avoided. The draw functions within my object generation class would use this method, though it would be specifying vertex data through references, rather than literals. Also using my own vertex and reference arrays, I am making my classes a bit more universal ( i.e. not so bound to openGL). In case that matters. Am I correct I'm this assumption? Does anyone have any suggest/advice/input? I'm eager to do as much of this myself as possible, but I certainly don't want to start getting myself into any bad habits.


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Since most homes have garages, garage door repair companies have begun sprouting up left and right because of the sheer demand for them. However, not all companies are alike and some are found better than others. If it's your first time searching for one, it might feel a bit confusing if you don't know what you're interested in. Although you may have certain preferences, make sure to look for certain qualities which separate the best from all the others.
Trustworthy – Your garage door is considered as a primary entryway into your apartment. This is why you should leave all the handy work to somebody that you can trust. Having a technician work on your home is the equal of letting him in your home. A trustworthy technician is one that respects your privacy, has years of experience behind him, and he has maintained a good reputation throughout those years.
Amicable – Although most workers in the repair industry are knowledgeable about the technical aspect health of their work, the same cannot be said for customer partnership. Too often, homeowners find themselves not liking a technician simply because he isn't friendly and useful. First time customers are especially looking for a technician may not only get the job done, but explain how things work and allay worries and arrives at.
Efficient – Repair companies charge labor by the minute. Unfortunately, many companies take advantage of this by making sure they work slowly and discover additional problems after aggravation work has been done. Simple repairs only take a jiffy while part replacements take only well over an hour of work. A good repair company is quick in delivering results even if signifies less profit upon their.
Transparent – Weakness concern of customers is the cost of repairs, and the best repair companies make sure that they are upfront and honest about the fees. No hidden fees and no extras, just a detailed list on do the job done and its corresponding price. An effective and reputable company never worries about objections on negligence the customer and try to explains carefully as well great detail the items on the bill if needed.
Thorough – Some companies simply conduct repairs and leave after the job's done. If around an hour or two later you discover something wrong or if perhaps the repairs has not been thorough, there was nothing you can do. However, good companies have good follow through. Home furniture quality service and if there's something they missed or messed up, they'll remedy it for free.
There are a lot of companies offering great garage door repair. You might not find the best one at first, but just keep looking and you'll find the company that suits all these great qualities.
Katy Garage & Gate Service Pros
Brookshire, TX
(832) 952-0053


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This is for the simple function of assuring this forum does not get deleted, should we go too long in between posts. So here's to our first bump.
Bump Thread
- Post n°9
Re: Bump Thread
Bumping once again. Refusing to let this to die
In a world where Dumbledore killed Voldemort before he ever killed Harry's parents, we follow three characters during their time at Hogwarts


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A honeymoon holds a very important place in the list of events that make a life special and worth living. Different couples have various plans about destinations, things to do, adventures to participate, resorts to relax, restaurants to hangout, and unique aspects to explore. What kind of destination you as a couple would enjoy more depends solely on your personal tastes and preferences on a travel. The type of honeymoon tour package that is most suitable for you should be completely cut as per your needs. An itinerary that was great for one of your friends is going to be wonderful for you could not be guaranteed in any way.
Here are some the types of honeymoon you can plan about:
Beach honeymoon
The only natural selection for honeymoon destination is the countries with romantic beaches. Cool morning and evening beaches that are perfect to get a tan on lazy afternoons are first choice for the husband-wife to bond in intellectual sense. Some of the best destinations for that are Goa, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Kerala, Bali, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Santorini, the list is virtually endless and could be sorted only by putting filters like distance you would be comfortable to cover and budget you have kept aside.
Adventure Honeymoon
Often the fairer sex is thought to be reluctant to go on an adventure trip but the trend could be observed to be reversing where more and more girls are actively looking forward to a honeymoon full of adrenalin rush. Now many places have evolved to serve as perfect adventure hubs while the couples can enjoy their own time as well. Also, a lot depends on the kind of adventure / extreme sports most preferred by the couple. Trekking, mountain hiking, mountain biking, white water river rafting, skiing, snowboarding, skydiving, would have different places to their credit. Being on an adventure honeymoon is not going to restrict you getting cosy but can surprisingly bring out the unexplored self of you which is really the motto of taking such trips in the first place.
Hill Resorts
Offering a great variety of choices for the places to visit, adventure to plunge and natural beauty to soak into, hill destinations are just incomparable. Whatever the one likes is out there while the other one can enjoy the different thing, mostly at the same time. So why go to any other place when one can be at one place and enjoy the feel of being in many, like valleys, rivers, bird and wildlife sanctuary, waterfalls, and enjoy adventures like skydiving, paragliding, bungee jumping and river rafting.
Festive / Special Event Honeymoon
Many people are fond of (and yet others dream about) unique festivals that are organized in grand level at various locations around the world. If you are also among these people, just mark the multiple days festival / event in that corner of world where you want to be on your honeymoon and start the research. After all, you need the flight tickets, visa, passes to the event, dress and booking to the resort you would spend your days. Your choices could be Sunburn Festival, Goa, The Rio De Jenario Carnival, Brazil, Boryeong Mud Festival, South Korea, Harbin Ice and Snow Festival, China and many more that could be added to the list.
So what's kind of honeymoon tour package in India will you choose?


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Someone submitted several more generations of ancestors for this tree to Ancestry. The data does not seem to fit perfectly and I have been unable to verify it. I am only including information here that I have been able to verify.
This page has some BMD documentation.
Henry Wilkinson was born 1749, Poulton le Fylde, Lancashire, England. He died 20 DEC 1842, Marton, Lancashire, England. He married Elizabeth Leach on 4 AUG 1800, St. John's Preston, Lancashire, England. See my Leach page for information on Elizabeth's ancestors. Henry and John's marriage entries show their names as "Leach alias Wilkinson." Of his children were known as Leach alias Wilkinson even though they were born after henry and Elizabeth married. He was a private in the 3rd Regiment (later known as the West Kent Regiment or "the Buff"). He served for 21 years and was discharge 2 MAY 1799 at St. Christophers, arrived at Chatham Barrackes 10 JUL 1799. He was discharged for aged, debility and broken leg. This explains why he married so late in life. His regiment served in the United States from 1781 -1890. He likely servied for the British in the Revolutionary War during the first part of his service in the United States. They had: John b 22 FEB 1801, Marton, Lancashire, England, d 27 FEB 1875, Marton, Lancashire, England; Catherine b 22 FEB 1801, Marton, Lancashire, England, d 6 MAY 1884; Henry b 18 SEP 1805, Marton, Lancashire, England, d 1851; James b 7 OCT 1808, Marton, Lancashire, England; and Betty b 3 AUG 1811, d APR 1878. Henry and John were referred to as "Wilkinson alias Leach" in their marriage records.
John Wilkinson was born 22 FEB 1801, Marton, Lancashire, England. he died 27 FEB 1875, Marton, Lancashire, England. He married Agnes Cardwell on 15 DEC 1823, St. Chad's, Poulton, Lancashire, England. See my Cardwell page for information on Agnes' ancestors. They had: Henry b 25 JAN 1824, Marton, Lancashire, England; Elizabeth (Betty) b 13 AUG 1826, Marton, Lancashire, England, d 15 MAR 1877, Marton, Lancashire, England; Margaret b 13 AUG 1826, Marton, Lancashire, England, d 1863; Thomas b 19 NOV 1829, d 5 JUN 1838, Marton, Lancashire, England; Bridget b 30 NOV 1832, d 12 JUL 1846, Marton, Lancashire, England; James b 8 FEB 1835, Marton, Lancashire, England, d 1895, Blackpool, Lancashire, England; Catherine b 16 JUL 1839, Marton, Lancashire, England; Thomas b 28 APR 1839, Marton, Lancashire, England; John b 20 NOV 1841, Marton, Lancashire, England, d SEP 1908; Ellen b 18 JAN 1842; and Robert b 16 AUG 1846, Marton, Lancashire, England, d 1908, Blackpool, Lancashire, England.
James Wilkinson was born 8 FEB 1835, Marton, Lancashire, England. He died 1895, Blackpool, Lancashire, England. He married Mary Craven on 14 MAY 1856 in Blackburn, Lancashire, England. He was a butcher in Marton. See my Craven page for information on Mary's ancestors. They had: John c 22 FEB 1857, Blackpool, Lancashire, England; William c 20 FEB 1859, Blackpool, Lancashire, England; Agnes b 3 JUN 1861, Blackpool, Lancashire, England, c 29 SEP 1861, St. John's, Blackpool, Lancashire, England, d 5 SEP 1901, Blackpool, Lancashire, England; Elizabeth bc 1862/3, d BEF 1880; Jenny c 31 JAN 1864, Blackpool, Lancashire, England; Henry c 4 MAR 1866, Blackpool, Lancashire, England; Margaret b 1868, Blackpool, Lancashire, England; Julia bc 1870, Blackpool, Lancashire, England; Thomas c 5 MAR 1871, Marton, Lancashire, England; Alice c 20 APR 1873, Blackpool, Lancashire, England; Mary bc 1876; Robert c 1 OCT 1877, Christ Church, Blackpool, Lancashire, England; Florence c 15 AUG 1880, Blackpool, Lancashire, England; and Elizabeth (Libby) b 5 SEP 1880, Blackpool, Lancashire, England.
Agnes Wilkinson was born 3 JUN 1861, Blackpool, Lancashire, England. She was christened 29 SEP 1861, St. John's, Blackpool, Lancashire, England. She married John Hopkinson on 15 APR 1882, St. John's, Blackpool, Lancashire, England. See my Hopkinson page for information on their descendants.


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Sports projects in the south east of the county are to receive funding to help improve facilities and playing fields in the region.
A total of 15 sports projects in the north east will receive a share of more than £1m of National Lottery funding, including projects in Bedlington and Cramlington.
Northumberland County Council will receive £135,000 to build a new sports pavilion in Gallagher Park in Bedlington, with changing rooms, a club room, toilets and kitchen facilities.
The pavilion will mean new sports can be introduced to the park, including athletics, orienteering and boot camps.
And new football pitches and improvements will be made to existing land at Cramlington Town FC to benefit younger players, as the club receives £58,000.
Coun Val Tyler, cabinet member for arts, leisure and culture at Northumberland County Council, said: "News that we have secured this Sport England funding for leisure facilities at Bedlington is a real boost.
"It will enable us to progress with development of an excellent pavilion for Gallagher Park, which when complete will allow new sports and activities to be enjoyed – benefiting many local residents as well as visitors to the town."
Sport England's property director, Charles Johnston, said: "We're delighted to have invested so much into community sport, and see on a daily basis the impact that it makes for local people.
"The latest round of facility funding continues to make a noticeable difference to community sports clubs across the country.
"By giving people top-class, sustainable facilities in which to play sport, and by improving and protecting our playing surfaces, we're ensuring that more people can pay sport, more often."


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$72,0002.48 acres, Multi-Use, Turquoise Ocean Views
1 / 10
Property Description
The moment you walk up to this 2.48 acre property you will be mesmerized by the views! Build your private ocean view hill top home here. This multi-use acres is only minutes away to French Harbor, with easy access to nearby beaches, restaurants, shopping and more. For investment minded. This property is ideal for multiple homes or duplexes. Excellent opportunity, size and price. No restrictions on building, no home owner association fees. A great buy. Join MLS 19-147 the two together would be a nice mountain.
Contract Information
Current Price: $72,000
Status: Active
List Price: $72,000
General Property Features
Access Type: Paved
Area: Milton Bight
Property Type: Acreage
Lot Acres: 2.48
Topography: Hilltop
Waterfront: No
Beach Access: No
General Views: Northside Turquoise Reef Ocean views
Roadfront: Yes
Property Name: Turquoise Ocean Views
Street Name: 2.48 acres, Multi-Use
Island: Roatan
Country: Honduras
Remarks and Directions
Directions: First Hilltop after Milton Bight entrance to the left side of road
Hot Sheet Comment: new
Property Features
Documents: Survey
Last Updated: May - 03 - 2019
Information deemed reliable but not guaranteed.
Tuesday 21st of May 2019 11:17 AM


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Sentinel and Enterprise staff photos can be ordered by visiting our SmugMug site.
LEOMINSTER -- John Bulger describes the section of Pleasant Street he's lived on for over 32 years as a "country neighborhood," where some of the oldest-surviving relics of the city's once-thriving comb industry still stand.
Many homes date back to the late 1700s or early 1800s and were either built to house manufacturers or the small workshops where they made combs from animal horns or hooves, including two buildings Bulger owns himself.
"Our intention has been to keep the character of the neighborhood pretty much the same," he said. "But these condos got built and they don't fit in at all."
Though the neighborhood has seen its share of new houses built over the decades, the recent construction of three condominium buildings on less than a single acre of land between Pleasant Street and Lowe Street has drawn the ire of a handful of the area's owners of older homes.
While they unsuccessfully fought the construction of these newest condos, they're pushing a zoning petition before the City Council that would prevent similar projects from happening again. The same group tried to pass a similar petition in 2004, and failed then as well.
The current petition has been signed by Bulger and 10 of his neighbors, asking the council to rezone over 40 housing lots in the neighborhood from Residence B to Residence A, effectively preventing any of the land from being used to build future condo complexes.
According to Bulger, several of his neighbors have been approached over the years by developers interested in acquiring parcels on Pleasant Street or Lowe Street to build housing. He even purchased the 200-year-old building across the street from his house when one investor expressed interest in building duplexes behind it.
While there is a united group of residents opposed to increased development in the area, there are also a number of people against the zoning petition, and they attended a Planning Board hearing on the issue Monday.
"We had several folks in favor of it and several against it because they're residents that it could affect," said city Planning Director Kristen Kelly. "It could potentially put them in a nonconforming lot and restrict them from developing or improving their property in the future."
As these zoning changes could be considered spot zoning, which can be illegal, the board voted against recommending the council approve the petition.
Despite this, Bulger said he's optimistic the council will vote in favor of the zoning change.
"We truly don't want to restrict anybody, I don't want to infringe on anybody else's rights, but there has to be some kind of balance," he said. "Some have suggested finding a midway point where everyone could be happy, but I don't know what that tool would be. There are either zoning restrictions or there aren't."
Follow Peter Jasinski on Twitter @PeterJasinski53.


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"I participated in a campaign on behalf of Mom Central Consulting for CWIST. I received a promotional item as a thank you for participating."
Sometimes it can be hard to find ways to motivate your children to do enriching activities when they're not in school. However, it's important to always engage children, even when they aren't in school.
CWIST is a platform that encourages engagement with hundred of challenges that educate the whole child. The challenges are appropriate for children ages 5-10, and help them make a connection between the things they want and the effort it takes to get them.
I love that you have options to choose between homemade wishes and ones that you buy. You can also set a price limit on the bought rewards, and there are several different categories to choose from.
For the holidays, CWIST has launched their Kids CWIST For Kids program. This multi-week giving campaign gives children the opportunity to complete learning challenges to give gifts to kids in need. Little Miss and I chose "The Twelve Days of Christmas Cost What?!?". This was a great challenge for her – she had so much fun designing the different items from the song, while also learning about how much different things cost.
Little Miss was very excited to be able to pick out a little girl who was about the same age as her. She picked a girl who wanted a bracelet kit, and she had fun picking one out! CWIST donated the first $2,000 worth of gifts, and is now giving a 20% discount on toys bought through their partners for the children in need. I thought this was a great way to help her understand how other children don't always get things for Christmas, and give her the chance to help. I think the site helped me explain a concept that could be rather foreign to a small child.
I encourage you to check out CWIST – there is no obligation to anything for signing up, and you're bound to find some great projects for you and your child to work on! With the Holiday break coming up, this is a great way to keep them engaged.


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If you're a pimple-popping-video-watching, pore strip-loving person, stay tuned, because Reddit's new method of getting rid of blackheads will be the highlight of your day.
Here's potentially the most riveting blackhead removal you'll see all day (very specific, but we don't know your YouTube history).
*Fair warning, this is right up the gross/fascinating alley of the skin purges people post online*
According to Daily Mail, people have started using a new method of blackhead cleansing called 'gritting'. Here's how it's done:
- Wash your face with an oil-based cleanser
- Apply a clay mask
- Wash your face again with an oil cleanser and spend serious time massaging it into your skin
The clay works to pull out the dirt and oil in your pores, so when you give yourself that final wash your hands come away looking like this:
We have no idea if this will work for ya but give it a go and let us know! :O


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Video Game Design Saturday Workshop Calendar
|Saturday, May 25th - 9:00 am
Video Game Design with Python Language and Pygame
2019 Video Game Design Camps Calendar
|Monday, June 3rd - 9:00 am
Just for Girls! Video Game Design
|Monday, June 10th - 9:00 am
Minecraft Video Game Design
|Sunday, June 16th - 9:00 am
STEM Video Game Design Camp (High School Residential)
|Sunday, June 23rd - 9:00 am
STEM Video Game Design Camp (High School Residential)
|Monday, July 8th - 9:00 am
Sphero Robotic Programming & Video Game Design
|Monday, July 15th - 9:00 am
Video Game Design with Python & Pygame
|Sunday, July 21st - 9:00 am
STEM Video Game Design Camp (Middle School Residential)
|Sunday, July 28th - 9:00 am
STEM Video Game Design Camp (High School Residential)
|Monday, August 5th - 8:00 am
Esports Bootcamp
Be Part of the Exciting Projects at the DCL!
|Big Data Text-mining Research
Students wanted! We are seeking History or other humanities majors to take part in text-mining research, which is a form of the digital humanities applying techniques often described pertaining to Big Data. The project involves collaboration with faculty and graduate students in the Department of Computer Science.
|History Harvest Experiential Learning Activity
The Digital Convergence Lab is collaborating with the Department of History and the University Libraries to provide students in Professor Stanley Arnold's American History survey class (United States since the Civil War) with an opportunity to explore how digital technology relates to the study of history.
|The Mississippi Valley and Mark Twain
A student team will work on a GIS resource presenting data from the Mississippi Valley of the mid-nineteenth century – the place that Mark Twain wrote about in his most famous works.
|Interactive Window Displays
Thanks to a grant from the Friends of the NIU Libraries' Awards Program, Founders Memorial Library, in partnership with the Digital Convergence Lab (FO 340) is piloting Interactive Window Displays, the first on NIU's campus.
|Digital Scholarship at NIU
In keeping with its mission to help the university community to integrate digital technologies into teaching, learning and research activities, the Digital Convergence Lab supports digital scholarship activities.
|Call for Projects
Do you have a great idea for creating a new game, mobile app, or digital tool? Do you think you could make it happen, if you just had some help? Contact us!


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Manchester United looks to make history while Chelsea looks to avoid a second straight loss in the FA Cup final in England's final club game of the season. In Italy, four teams are fighting for three continental tournament spots.
England: The EPL schedule is over and it didn't quite go the way either free-spending Manchester United or defending champion Chelsea had hoped. But both still have a chance at finishing the year with some hardware when they meet in the FA Cup final Saturday (Fox, 9:15 a.m. PDT). Chelsea, which finished a disappointing fifth in the EPL, is hoping to make up for that — and to make up for last spring's 2-1 loss to Arsenal in the FA Cup final. United, meanwhile, is playing for a piece of history: A win Saturday would match Arsenal's record of 13 FA Cup wins.
Serie A: There is still some drama to be had on the final day of the Italian league season with Lazio, Inter Milan, AC Milan and Atalanta chasing possible European tournament spots. Lazio holds the fourth and final Champions League berth and can keep that with anything less than a loss to Inter Milan (BeIN Sports, 11:40 a.m. Sunday).
An Inter win and it advances on head-to-head results — the first tiebreaker in Serie A — dropping Lazio into the Europa League. The Europa League is something AC Milan and Atalanta are also chasing on the season's final day. Going into Sunday's game with Fiorentina (BeIN Sports, 9 a.m.), AC Milan holds a one-point lead over Atalanta in the race for Italy's Europa League qualifying-stage invitation. Atalanta closes with Cagliari.


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When: Monday, June 11, 2018 | 01:00 pm – 02:30 pm
Where: Ponderosa Commons, Room 2012, 6445 University Boulevard
Department of Educational Studies
Critical Dialogues Seminar Series
Lifelong Learning in South Korea
Seminar with Dr. Dae Joong Kang, Seoul National University
Monday, June 11th, 2018 | 1:00 – 2:30 p.m. | PCOH 1306A
A light lunch will be offered 30 minutes prior to the seminar
Please register for this event below
This seminar will be broadcast on the BlueJeans video conferencing service, anyone wishing to attend virtually can do so by emailing email@example.com for instructions
Since South Korea adopted 'lifelong learning society' as its education reform slogan in 1995, lifelong education policy and practice have expanded rapidly in the country. Lifelong Education Act was enacted in 2000 and National Lifelong Education Promotion Plan has been implemented since 2002. New policies such as Lifelong Learning City, Academic Credit Bank System, lifelong learning centered university, to name a few, have been introduced. The government also established National Institute for Lifelong Education in 2008. Lifelong learning participation rate among adults aged 25-64 increased from 26.4% in 2008 to 35.8% in 2017. In this talk, Dr. Kang will talk about:
1. achievements of South Korean lifelong learning policy and practice,
2. problems and challenges it encounters to build a more equitable and inclusive society through lifelong education, and
3. how theory and research can contribute to policy and practice.
Dr. Dae Joong Kang is associate professor in the Department of Education at Seoul National University. He earned his doctorate from the University of Georgia in 2006 and was a policy advisor to the Minister of Education, South Korea (2006-2008). His research interests are lifelong learning theory building, lifelong learning policy, life history and qualitative research. He serves as an editor of Korean Journal of Lifelong Education.


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#Todays3 is our collection of material that we think should be highlighted more. Whether it is science, politics, history, religion or anything else for that matter. It might not always be current, but it is always relevant.
-1) Xiuhtezcatl Martinez, 16, is a member of a group of people suing the US Government over environmental abuses;
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I received this book for free from Publisher in exchange for an honest review. This does not affect my opinion of the book or the content of my review.by Teresa Noelle Roberts
Published by Samhain Publishing Drive (Cougars, Cars and Kink, #1) on February 9th 2016
Genres: BDSM, Contemporary Romance, Romantic Suspense
Pages: 279
Format: e-ARC
Source: Publisher
"He s a kinky dream come true and her only protection from danger."
"Cougars, Cars and Kink," Book 1
Eight months after her (cheating, almost-ex) husband s death, Suzanne Mayhew has a plan to move on with her life. First step: sell off Frank s classic cars, starting with the red vintage Mustang convertible he never let her drive. Second step: get her unexplored kink on with a delicious younger man.
Preferably the one an old friend sends around, ostensibly to check out the Mustang. Neil Callahan Boston cop, Dom, fifteen years her junior.
Neil feels the mutual sizzle, but if the blush staining her cheeks is any indication, her flirting skills are a little rusty. Though his instinct tells him to take things slow with the recent widow, he can t resist inviting her along for a test drive for the whole weekend.
Throwing caution to the wind, Suzanne takes him up on it. But they re barely out of the driveway when Neil s cop instincts kick in. They ve got a tail and it looks dangerously like her ex s secrets looming large and deadly in their rear-view mirror.
"Warning: Spies, lies and vile bad guys. A meddling BFF. Inappropriate use of kitchen tools. Completely appropriate use of rope and floggers. Your mileage may vary, depending on battery life.""
Reviewer: MinnChica
I'm always down for a good sexy suspense story, so when I came across this book from Roberts, I was anxious to give her a try.
I'm a little reluctant to read stories about cheating spouses, whether the spouse is dead or not, because it's a trope I'm not comfortable reading. I have to say though, I really liked the way it all played out in this book. I can't really reveal any details without giving away huge spoilers, but I really enjoyed the way this book concluded, on all fronts.
Suzanne wants to move on with her life, and selling off her husband's prized car collection is the start of that new life for her. Having a younger, sexy man show up unexpectedly and show interest in the car makes her weak in the knees. I loved the way Suzanne was eager to get her cougar on, and didn't have too big of a hangup over the fact that she was older than he was. I liked the way their age difference didn't play a huge factor in the drama between them.
One aspect that can sometimes make me roll my eye in kinky books is when the hero and heroine are book secretly part of the BDSM community, but somehow find true love in the aisle at the grocery store. It just seems so fake and obviously set up. I was starting to wonder if that would really annoy me about these two, but then loved the way we found out that there were outside forces bringing these two together because of their kinks and desires. I laughed out loud a few places, and really liked the extra layer that all added to the story.
The suspense of this book was really well done, and while parts of it had me thinking "yeah right…." I found that subplot to be enjoyable–with a little suspension of belief. I liked the fact that Neil was able to take charge and make sure that he was able to keep himself and Suzanne safe, all while still working within the parameters of his job and his skill set. So many times in suspense stories, the hero somehow gains all these extra espionage skills he didn't have before, and I liked that Neil didn't have that same kind of miraculous knowledge.
The sexy between Suanne and Neil was super hot, and although I wanted them to explore a bit more of their kink on the pages, I liked that the balance between suspense and sex. It was well done, and I thoroughly enjoyed it.
All in all, I think this was a great first book in a sexy new series from Roberts. I enjoyed the hero and heroine equally and can only hope that we get to explore their relationship even more in future books.
I give Drive a B-


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This wreck, in a previous life was a U.S. Coast Guard Cutter named the "Cape Gull". Sunk in 1989, she is upright on the sand with a slight list to starboard. There is a cable connecting the stern to another wreck called the "Wendy Rossheim" which is about 100ft away.
Sea Experience