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The Lord Blayney mystery
As the bicentenary of the inclusion of the Royal Arch chapter into 'pure antient masonry' draws near, John Hamill examines the mystery behind its formation
On 22 July 1766, the first Grand Chapter in the world came into being when members of an independent chapter met in London to draw up what is now known as the Charter of Compact, converting their chapter into the Excellent Grand and Royal Arch Chapter, with Cadwallader, ninth Lord Blayney, at its head. We know this because the chapter's minute book, which commences with a meeting held on 22 March 1765, stills exists. Until as recently as the late forties, however, masonic historians believed that the Grand Chapter had been formed in 1767.
The mystery can be traced back to the charter itself, which concludes with the statement that it was signed at the Turk's Head tavern in Gerrard Street, Soho, on 22 July 1767. It wasn't until masonic historian J R Dashwood examined the document in 1949, while preparing a paper on the first minute book of the original Grand Chapter, that evidence of tampering was discovered. Dashwood noticed that at the top of the document, in the recitals of the styles and titles of Lord Blayney, a capital P (standing for Past) had been inserted clumsily before the words Grand Master of Free and Accepted Masons. At the other end of the document, it was equally clear that the original final digit of the year had been scraped off and been substituted in all cases, except the Anno Lucis (AL) date, with a seven. In the AL date the final digit had become a one.
One explanation is that despite the fact that many of its senior members were involved in the Royal Arch, the Premier Grand Lodge was not well disposed towards it and would not recognise it as part of its basic system. Dashwood argued that it would have been a huge embarrassment to them to have their current Grand Master, Lord Blayney, as a member. As head of the order, Blayney would have been one of the prime movers in turning a private chapter into a governing body as well as being the principal signatory to its founding document. On 22 July 1766, Blayney was still Grand Master, but by 22 July 1767 he had retired from that high office. Hence, Dashwood argued, the alterations were made to suggest that the events all took place after Blayney ceased to be Grand Master.
That theory appeared to meet with general acceptance until, in 1998, Freemason Yasha Beresiner gave a short talk on the charter in Supreme Grand Chapter. He queried whether, as most of them were involved in the chapter, the hierarchy of the premier would have been embarrassed by the events in July 1766. Beresiner theorised that it was more likely that once news got around that a new masonic order had been formed, and the Grand Master was at its head, their members would have flocked to join it.
A pious fraud
Another mystery is the twenty-one signatures on the left of the charter who attested that they accepted the terms documented 'on the Day and Year above written'. Dashwood described this as 'a pious fraud'. He had good reason for doing so as of the twenty-one signatories only the Earl of Anglesey was present in the chapter on 22 July 1766, having been exalted that evening. Of the remainder, more than two thirds had not been exalted at that date. The majority of them were exalted between 1767 and 1769.
While it is always satisfying to solve a mystery, in the great scheme of things does it really matter that the document was tampered with? Surely what is important is that the events of July 1766 took place and gave birth to the Excellent Grand and Royal Chapter, enabling members of the premier Grand Lodge to become involved in the Royal Arch.
Had it not existed, it could be argued that the 'antients' would not have had the numerical strength to persuade the premier Grand Lodge, in the negotiations leading to the of the two Grand Lodges in 1813, to accept the Royal Arch as a part of 'pure antient masonry'. Had that not happened we would not have had our indissoluble link between the Craft and Royal Arch. And, very importantly, would have no reason to have a party in October 2013 to celebrate its bicentenary.
Report of the Board of General Purposes - 14 March 2012
The Minutes of the Quarterly Communication of 14 December 2011 were confirmed.
HRH The Duke of Kent KG was unanimously re-elected Grand Master.
The tables below show the number of lodges on the Register and of Certificates issued during the past ten years.
Lodges on the Grand Lodge Register
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
London 1,581 1,570 1,556 1,552 1,532 1,489 1,458 1,433 1,397 1,374
Provincial 6,231 6,212 6,170 6,130 6,075 5,996 5,900 5,840 5,774 5,694
District and Abroad 793 791 787 784 782 768 736 731 722 724
Total 8,605 8,573 8,513 8,466 8,389 8,253 8,094 8,004 7,893 7,792
Grand Lodge Certificates Issued 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Issued at Freemasons' Hall 8,116 8,106 7,953 8,092 7,336 7,490 7,539 7,538 7,078 7,391
Issued by District Grand Masters 817 790 450 770 763 613 695 753 478 698
Total 8,933 8,896 8,403 8,862 8,099 8,103 8,234 8,291 7,556 8,089
The following have been elected by the Rulers' Forum as Members of the Commission for Appeals Courts, with effect from the Annual Investiture of Grand Officers, for 2012 to 2015:
J.R. Bevan (South Wales), C.G.A. Aylwin (London), P.J. Rodd (East Kent), S.S. Howarth, (London), J.K. McLauchlan (Leicestershire and Rutland), C.C. Hodson (Nottinghamshire),
A.R.P.A. Ullstein, QC (London) and R.A. Bayliss (Surrey).
Additionally, His Honour Judge D.E.H. Edwards DL, has been elected to serve until 2014, filling the vacancy caused by the appointment of G.G. Dearing as Provincial Grand Master for East Kent.
The following Brethren have been elected by the Rulers' Forum to serve on the Panel for Clemency, with effect from the Annual Investiture of Grand Officers, in addition to the President and Deputy President of the Board of General Purposes:
M.B. Davies, J. Gillyon, W.C.M. Dastur, R.B. Pemberton, D.H. Lane and .J. Burger.
3.4 Notice of Motion to amend the Book of Constitutions to introduce the office of Mentor was given at the Quarterly Communication in December 2011. The Notice of Motion included a description of the jewel, but no illustration was at that time available. The Board has now considered the design of the jewel, as follows:
Two versions of the Hall Stone Jewel issued to reward donations to the Masonic Million Memorial Fund, established to finance the building of the present Freemasons' Hall as a Masonic Peace Memorial are in common circulation: the individual subscriber's breast jewel, 1½" wide, in silver, engraved with the name and lodge of the Brother, which is suspended from a dark blue ribbon; and the Hall Stone Lodge Jewel, 17⁄8" wide, in silver gilt, engraved with the name and number of the lodge and date of its presentation in the Grand Lodge, which is appended to a light blue collarette, as prescribed in Plate 58 of the Book of Constitutions.
Very few Brethren indeed are left who are entitled to wear the small individual jewels, and those jewels now appear to be regarded as collectable items, which are traded quite regularly. The Board sees nothing objectionable in this.
The Lodge Hall Stone Jewels were presented to qualifying lodges by the Grand Master to mark the contributions those lodges had made. They were not, however, bought by those Lodges, and have always been the property of the Grand Master, to be returned, along with the Warrant and lodge's records if the lodge ceased to exist. Such returned Jewels have then been available as a source of replacements where a Hall Stone Lodge has lost – whether through theft, accident or otherwise – its original Jewel.
The Board is concerned both at the frequency with which Lodge Hall Stone Jewels have recently been offered for sale over the internet, and that former members of certain lodges which have been erased have refused to return the Hall Stone Jewel despite repeated requests that they do so.
The Board therefore recommends that the Grand Lodge place the matter beyond argument by declaring that a Lodge Hall Stone Jewel remains the property of the Grand Master and must be delivered up along with the Warrant if the Lodge is erased.
In accordance with the provisions of Rule 270A, Book of Constitutions, the Board has considered the costs of preparing the actual documents specified in this Rule and recommends that for the year commencing 1 April 2012 the charges (exclusive of VAT) shall be as follows:
(a) Warrant for a new Lodge .......................................................... £320
(b) Warrant of Confirmation ........................................................... £800
(c) Warrant for a Centenary Jewel .................................................. £480
(d) Warrant of Confirmation for a Centenary Jewel ........................... £690
(e) Warrant for a Bi-Centenary Bar ................................................. £735
(f) Warrant of Confirmation for a Bi-Centenary Bar ........................... £735
(g) Certificate of Amalgamation ....................................................... £80
(h) Enfacement (Alterations) Fee ...................................................... £110
The Board has received a report that 35 lodges have closed and have surrendered their Warrants. The lodges are:
Ancient Union and Princes Lodge, No. 203 (West Lancashire), Blair Lodge, No. 815 (East Lancashire), Mayo Lodge, No. 1413 (Middlesex), Musgrave Lodge, No. 1597 (Middlesex),
Leopold Lodge, No. 1775 (East Lancashire), St Oswin Lodge, No. 2327 (Northumberland),
Willesden Lodge, No. 2489 (London), Friendship and Fellowship Lodge, No. 3333 (Cheshire), Gaddesden Lodge, No. 3398 (Hertfordshire), Chatsworth Lodge, No. 3430 (Derbyshire), Evening Star Lodge, No. 3644 (Cheshire), Cardiff Exchange Lodge, No. 3775 (South Wales), Camberwell Old Comrades Lodge, No. 4077 (West Kent).
St Margaret's Lodge, No. 4489 (Middlesex), Lodge of St Margaret, No. 4619 (West Lancashire), Whitton Lodge, No. 4770 (Middlesex) and Gibraltar Lodge, No. 4997 (London),
Royal Chase Forest Lodge, No. 5706 (Middlesex), Hastings Lodge, No. 6035 (Northumberland), Peace and Concord Lodge, No. 6065 (Cheshire), Forest View Lodge, No. 6588 (Essex), Old Grammarian Lodge of Waterloo, No. 6776 (West Lancashire), St Cuthbert Lodge, No. 6865 (Sussex), Albion Lodge, No. 6980 (Zimbabwe), Broad Acres Lodge, No. 7012 (Yorkshire, West Riding), Fairfield Lodge, No. 7501 (Surrey), Research Lodge, No. 8309 (Zimbabwe), New Milton Lodge, No. 8370 (Hampshire and Isle of Wight), Kymer Lodge, No. 8521 (Sussex), Cloisters Lodge, No. 8623 (East Lancashire), St Michael in Castro Lodge, No. 8838 (East Lancashire), Haven of Peace Lodge, No. 8857 (London), Naval Lodge, No. 9294 (South Africa, Western Division), East Lancashire Rotary Lodge, No. 9345 (East Lancashire) and Millennium Lodge of Research, No. 9728 (Durham).
Over recent years, the lodges have found themselves no longer viable. The Board is satisfied that further efforts to save them would be to no avail and therefore has no alternative but to recommend that they be erased. A Resolution to this effect was approved.
3.13 As required by Rule 277 (a) (i) (B) and (D), Book of Constitutions, 12 Brethren were recently expelled from the Craft.
With effect from 8 June 2011
9868 Idris Lodge (Perak, Eastern Archipelago)
With effect from 9 November 2011
9869 Lakeside Lodge (Paralimni, Cyprus)
25 April 2012 Annual Investiture), 13 June 2012, 12 September 2012, 12 December 2012, 13 March 2013 and 12 June 2013.
26 April 2012, 14 November 2012, 25 April 2013 and 16 October 2013 (subject to the approval of Grand Chapter).
'Yet more of our yesterdays' - Graham Redman and John Hamill
14 December 2011
A speech by VW Bro Graham Redman, Assistant Grand Secretary, and VW Bro John Hamill
GFR: MW Pro Grand Master and Brethren, the Minutes of the Premier or Moderns Grand Lodge for February 1811, record that
The Most Worshipful Acting Grand Master the Earl of Moira having expressed his intention of being installed previous to the Business of the Quarterly Communication this day and having signified his directions to the R.W. Master and Officers of the Lodge of Promulgation for that purpose they assembled at Free Masons' Hall, at half past seven o'clock and required the attendance of all the Members of the Grand Lodge in the Committee Room to assist in the ceremony of installing the Acting Grand Master. The Lodge was then opened in the First Degree … The Earl of Moira was thereupon introduced … to receive the benefit of installation when the Ancient Charges and Regulations were read … to which His Lordship was pleased to give his unqualified approbation and assent. Such members of the Grand Lodge as were not actual installed Masters were then desired to withdraw and the Lodge was opened in the Third Degree and the Right Hon. The Earl of Moira was installed according to Ancient Custom Acting Grand Master of Mason[s] and duly invested and saluted on the occasion: after which the Lodge was closed in the Third Degree and subsequently in the First Degree and the usual procession being then formed the Acting Grand Master was conducted into the Hall where the Grand Lodge was opened in due form and the Laws relating to the behaviour of Masons in Grand Lodge were read.
JMH: MW Pro Grand Master and Brethren, it might seem odd to us today that the Acting (or as we would say Pro) Grand Master had not been properly installed. One of the ritual differences between the Moderns and Antients Grand Lodges was that in the Lodges of the former the installation was simply the ceremonial placing of the Master in the chair with no additional signs, tokens or words. Possibly due to their Irish origins, Lodges under the Antients Grand Lodge did have an inner working limited to Installed Masters. The Lodge of Promulgation, which had been set up by the Premier Grand Lodge in 1809 to bring its rituals into line with those of other Grand Lodges, recognised the Installation Ceremony as one of the true landmarks of the Order. Lord Moira's very public installation was in a sense pour encourager les autres, for the Lodge of Promulgation continued to meet over the next few months to enable Masters and Past Masters of Lodges under the Premier Grand Lodge to receive the benefit of Installation.
GFR: As the final item of business that evening:
The Grand Treasurer moved That the Tickets for the Grand Feast be in future delivered by the Stewards at One Guinea each instead of half a Guinea, which being seconded, an amendment was duly moved that the Tickets should be fifteen shillings: and the Question being put on the said amendment. It passed in the affirmative.
JMH: It says much for the economic stability of the last half of the 18th century that the cost of tickets for the annual Grand Feast had been set at half a guinea (52½ pence in our terms) for more than forty years! Then, as now, the Grand Stewards had the privilege of making up the short fall between monies received from ticket sales and the actual cost of the Grand Feast. Clearly the difference had become onerous by 1811 and this motion by the Grand Treasurer John Bayford, himself a Past Grand Steward, sought to redress the situation. Grand Lodge, as was to often happen in the 19th century, agreed the rise but only at half of the rate requested!
GFR: The only other matter of interest that year was at the April Communication, when
The Grand Lodge proceeded to take into consideration the following motion which was duly made and seconded at the last Grand Lodge, vizt: "That the Thanks of the Grand Lodge be given to Brothers James Earnshaw, James Deans, William Henry White and Charles Bonnor the Officers and to the several other members of the Lodge of Promulgation for their labors respectively; and that a Blue Apron be presented to Brothers Deans and Bonnor, Officers of that Lodge who do not at present possess the same and that they be requested to wear such Apron in all future meetings of the Society. And also that they be considered Members of the Hall Committee.
And the Question being put thereon it duly passed in the Affirmative.
JMH: The work of the Lodge of Promulgation brought the ceremonies of the Premier Grand Lodge into line with those of Ireland and Scotland and thereby with the Antients Grand Lodge, removing a number of potential obstacles to the proposed . Blue lined and edged aprons were restricted to the actual Grand Officers and those who had served in those high offices. As there was no concept of appointing Brethren to past ranks, with the exception of Princes of the Blood Royal who were usually appointed Past Grand Masters within a short time of their being initiated, James Deans and Charles Bonner were singularly honoured by this motion. Deans became the actual Junior Grand Warden in 1812.
GFR: Rather more was going on – though perhaps not much more being achieved – in the Antients or Atholl Grand Lodge. To remind you, in May 1810 that Grand Lodge had passed a threefold resolution setting out its requirements for a with the Moderns: first uniformity of Obligation and Rules; secondly, the Grand Lodge to consist of the Masters, Wardens and all Past Masters of the respective Lodges; thirdly, a monthly disbursement of Masonic benevolence. At its meeting in March 1811, the report of the Committee appointed to meet the Moderns' Committee was received, setting out the Moderns' responses to the threefold resolution:
To the First resolution ... That the [Moderns] Grand Lodge had resolved to return to the Ancient Land Marks of Masonry and in order to a perfect of the two Grand Lodges they will consent to the same Obligations and continue to abide by the Ancient Land Marks of Masonry when it should be ascertained what those Ancient Land Marks and Obligations were.
To the Second resolution the Committee of the [Moderns] Grand Lodge submitted .... That a true representation of all the warranted Lodges in and adjacent to London and Westminster should consist of the Master and Wardens with one Past Master from each Lodge that to admit all Past Masters would be inconvenient and if admitted could not be said to be a true and prefect representation of all the Lodges …
To the Third resolution, ... The Committee of the [Moderns] Grand Lodge agreed with the resolutions of the Antients Grand Lodge, the whole of this and all other minor concerns to be nevertheless discussed by a joint Committee of Masters to be chosen and appointed by the two Grand Lodges respectively to meet thereon and finally to conclude and arrange all matters relating to an of the two Grand Lodges.
A resolution that the Antients' Committee be empowered to accede to such modification or alteration of the second resolution, respecting Past Masters, as might appear to them expedient and necessary for fully accomplishing a between the two Grand Lodges was, after a long and protracted discussion, defeated by a very large majority.
JMH: As I remarked last year when the three resolutions were first proposed in the Antients Grand Lodge, the second resolution regarding the composition of the United Grand Lodge was to cause problems leading to an almost childish reaction on the part of the Premier Grand Lodge. Membership of the Premier Grand Lodge was limited to the present and former Grand Officers, the Master and Wardens of each Lodge and representatives from the Grand Stewards' Lodge. Membership of the Antients Grand Lodge encompassed present and former Grand Officers, Masters and Wardens of Lodges and all subscribing Past Masters. Not surprisingly, the Antients were not willing to deprive Past Masters of their Lodges of a privilege they had held from the start of that Grand Lodge. When asking the Premier Grand Lodge to explain their stance, the only response they got was that if all Past Masters were included there would not be a room large enough in which to hold meetings of the proposed United Grand Lodge!
At the meeting of the Antients in May a compromise was suggested, whereby those who were Past Masters at 24 June 1811 would continue to have the right to be members of the proposed United Grand Lodge, but after 24 June 1811 only the actual – or as we would say Immediate – Past Masters of Lodges would qualify as members of the new body. As the Minutes record, however, "After some discussion and long debate thereon and the question being put passed in the negative by a large majority". Back to square one!
GFR: At the September Communication of the Grand Lodge a letter dated 5 June from the Grand Secretary of the Moderns was read, which reported that he had laid before the Earl of Moira and the Moderns' Committee a letter reporting the decision of the Antients Grand Lodge and continued:
I am directed by his Lordship and the Committee to acquaint you for the information of the Grand Lodge under His Grace the Duke of Atholl that it appears to them wholly unnecessary and nugatory, that any further Meeting between the two Committees should take place at present in as much as the Committee of the Grand Lodge under the Duke of Atholl is not furnished with any sufficient powers to enter into the discussion or arrangements of the various subjects necessary to the proposed as is sufficiently manifest from the circumstance of the Grand Lodge under His Grace the Duke of Atholl having at different times negatived propositions which its Committee had acceded to thereby annulling and frustrating concessions which the Grand Lodge under the Prince Regent had professed itself upon certain points willing to make. I am further directed by his Lordship and the Committee to acquaint you that whenever the Committee from your Grand Lodge shall be invested with the powers specified in my letter of 26th January last the Committee of the Grand Lodge under His Royal Highness the Prince Regent will be most ready to meet and confer with them in the hope and expectation of finding a cordial and sincere desire correspondent with their own, for effecting a of the two Societies upon terms honorable and equal to both.
The matter was then deferred to a meeting of the Grand Lodge held on 9 October, when a Committee was at last appointed – and by a large majority – with full powers to carry into effect the measure of a Masonic , subject to a specific Instruction on the entitlement of Past Masters to attend Grand Lodge.
JMH: Correspondence between Lord Moira and Grand Secretary White shows that his Lordship was becoming increasingly angry at the delays caused by the Antients Commissioners for not having full power to decide matters but having to report back to a quarterly meeting of their Grand Lodge on every small decision. He was conscious that his time was limited as in 1812 he was being posted to India as Governor and Commander-in-Chief at Bengal and wanted matters settled before he departed. It took all of White's diplomatic skills to dissuade Moira, writing direct to the Duke of Atholl demanding action or a complete cessation of the negotiations. Instead, White wrote the letter we have just heard and in October the Antients agreed a compromise and allowed their Commissioners full powers.
It was perhaps as a result of this, and to limit the number of future Past Masters, that at its meeting on 4th December 1811 the Antients Grand Lodge adopted two regulations which still stand today: that no one could be elected to the Master's Chair until he had served for twelve months as a Warden, and that no Brother would be entitled to the privileges of a Past Master unless he had served a full twelve months as Master of his Lodge. Previously to this it had been the custom in both Grand Lodges for the installation of the Master to take place twice each year, on the two feasts of St John, and the Warden qualification did not exist. Indeed, under both Grand Lodges it was constitutionally possible for a Fellowcraft to be elected Master, the reasons why today we still say the Master is elected by "his brethren and fellows in open lodge assembled" and why he takes the obligation as to his duties as Master in the second degree.
GFR: 1911 was a relatively uneventful year. In March the Pro Grand Master, Lord Ampthill, announced that he was
Commanded by the Most Worshipful Grand Master to inform you that he intends to preside over the Festival of Grand Lodge on the 26th April. I believe that the opportunity which will be afforded by His Royal Highness's gracious intention is one that anticipates the heartfelt desire of all Freemasons.
JMH: The reason was that at the request of His Majesty the King, the Duke of Connaught had accepted the Governor Generalship of Canada, which would lead to his protracted absence abroad. To meet the expected demand from those wishing to attend, the Investiture was moved to the Royal Albert Hall. A huge amount of work went into the preparation of the meeting, attended by over 6,000 Brethren. Disaster struck! The Grand Master was struck down by bronchitis and held prisoner by his doctors! A loyal address was moved expressing disappointment, wishing him a speedy relief and a safe journey to his onerous duties in Canada. At the June Quarterly Communication a further message was received from the Grand Master in which, inter alia, he said: "It has been a source of deep gratification to me to have held for eleven years that post of Grand Master of English Freemasons, in which my dear brother King Edward VII took such pride, and while I have considered it a solemn duty to carry on his work I have not been forgetful of the great advantage to myself of my association with the Craft. Wherever I have been I have felt that proud assurance that I had you watchful sympathy and interest in my welfare. I know that scarcely a day has passed on which bodies of Freemasons, all over the Empire, have not wished me well at their Festive assemblies and listened with sympathetic attention to kind words which have been said about me. I can assure you Brethren, that I have not regarded all this as mere formality and that I have attached the highest value to your personal and fraternal goodwill."
GFR: In June the Board of General Purposes reported that, acting on the recommendation of the Officers and Clerks Committee, it had resolved
to recommend to Grand Lodge that the salary of the Grand Secretary be increased to £2,000 a year, as from the 1st January last, on the understanding that such increase shall not be considered as a permanent endowment of the office of Grand Secretary but solely as a personal recognition of the services which have been rendered to Freemasonry by the present Grand Secretary.
The Report of the Board was taken as read and confirmed, the recommendations contained therein adopted, and the Report entered on the Minutes.
JMH: Until 1909 the appointment of staff from the Grand Secretary downwards, their terms, conditions and salaries had all been debated in Grand Lodge. The setting up of the Officers and Clerks Committee of the Board in that year removed much of the debate, except for additional finance, out of Grand Lodge. The Grand Secretary, Sir Edward Letchworth was indefatigable and much liked, hence the ready agreement to the motion. The present Grand Secretary might be interested to know that the purchasing power of £2,000 in 1911 equates to over £150,000 today!
GFR: The year ended with some sad news: the death of W Bro Henry Sadler, first the Grand Tyler and then the Librarian and Curator of the Grand Lodge, and therefore in the latter capacity one of the predecessors of my co-presenter, who can pay a far more eloquent tribute to him than I could hope to do.
JMH: My co-presenter is, as always, correct! (Laughter) Henry Sadler is one of my Masonic heroes. Indeed it could be argued that had he not worked at Freemasons' Hall I might well not be standing before you today. Sadler joined the staff in 1865 as an assistant to the Grand Tyler, being appointed to that office in 1879. As Grand Tyler, in addition to ceremonial work, he was responsible for the running and letting of Freemasons' Hall and was provided with an apartment in the building. Fascinated by history he spent most of his spare time searching cupboards and cellars locating all the archives of the two previous Grand Lodges, the United Grand Lodge and Supreme Grand Chapter. When in 1887 the Board revived the moribund Library and Museum with the Grand Secretary as nominal Librarian, Sadler was appointed sub-Librarian and quickly set to, expanding the collections. He quickly became known to the growing group of Masonic historians both at home and abroad, all of whom acknowledged his help and knowledge. When the house next door to Freemasons' Hall was acquired in 1904 for additional office space, such had been Sadler's work that the main rooms were set aside as a Library and Museum. His work was crowned in 1910 when he was appointed the first Librarian and Curator of Grand Lodge and was elected Master of the renowned Quatuor Coronati Lodge No. 2076. The many tributes to his memory praised his kindness, helpfulness and great willingness to share with others what he had learned from the treasures under his care. He was certainly one who "lived respected and died regretted" and, one hundred years later, Masonic historians still revere his memory.
Report of the Board of General Purposes - 14 December 2011
Quarterly Communication of Grand Lodge
14 December 2011
Report of the Board of General Purposes
Minutes of the Quarterly Communication of Grand Lodge of 14 September 2011 were confirmed.
HRH The Duke of Kent KG was nominated as Grand Master for the ensuing year.
Annual Investiture of Grand Officers (25 April 2012)
So that sufficient accommodation can be reserved for those Brethren who are to be invested and their friends, admission to the Annual Investiture is by ticket only. Brethren to be invested for the first time may invite to be present with them three qualified Brethren, and those to be promoted two qualified Brethren. Allowance having been made for such an issue and for those whose presence in the Grand Lodge is essential, a few seats will remain. Written application for these seats may be made to the Grand Secretary between 1 March and 31 March by Brethren qualified to attend Grand Lodge.
Masonic Year Book
The next edition of the Masonic Year Book, 2012–2013, will be available next summer. The charge remains at £12 per copy, plus postage and packing where appropriate. It is proposed to produce a new edition of the Directory of Lodges and Chapters during 2012 at a charge of £12 per copy. Copies of the current edition are still available and may be ordered in the meantime in the same way.
Every Lodge will receive one copy of the Masonic Year Book and the Directory free of charge. The Board emphasises that these copies should be available to all the members of private lodges and not regarded as for the exclusive use of the secretary to whom, for administrative reasons, they are dispatched.
As in previous years copies will be dispatched direct to secretaries of lodges. Sufficient copies will be dispatched to District Grand Secretaries for distribution to lodges in the Districts. Lodges abroad not in a District will receive their copies direct.
Prestonian Lectures for 2012
The Board has considered applications for the delivery of the official Prestonian Lectures in 2012 and has decided that these should be given under the auspices of the following: Humber Installed Masters Lodge, No. 2494 (Yorkshire, North and East Ridings), Authors Lodge, No. 3456 (London) and North Notts. Masters Lodge, No. 9525 (Nottinghamshire).
The Lecturer, W Bro A.D.G. Harvey, states that the title of the Lecture will be: Scouting and Freemasonry: two parallel organisations?
Following the presentation on mentoring given in Grand Lodge in March 2008 very many lodges, as well as the Metropolitan Area of London, Provinces and Districts have adopted a mentoring scheme. In recognition of this the Book of Constitutions was changed in the following year to allow for an office of Provincial or District Grand Mentor, and the Metropolitan Grand Master was given the power to make a similar appointment in London.
At that time the Board did not contemplate a formal office at the level of a private lodge, taking the view that mentoring was an informal role: the choice of a Brother to undertake that role would be determined in each case by the needs of the individual candidate, so that in any lodge several, if not many, members would be acting as individual mentors.
It has been represented to the Board that in order to give impetus to the scheme a formal office is desirable, and the Board, having considered the matter, accordingly recommends that the Master of a lodge should have the option of appointing a Brother as Mentor, to rank immediately before the Senior Deacon, to co-ordinate mentoring within the lodge.
It is intended that where an appointment is made the Brother appointed to the office should ensure that every candidate (and any other Brother within the lodge requiring mentoring) is allocated a personal mentor, and that the work of the personal mentors so allocated is co-ordinated and organised. He should be able to provide guidance to the personal mentors on their responsibilities.
While he would not be precluded in an appropriate case from acting as a personal mentor himself, that should emphatically not be his primary function, which is to act in a co-ordinating role. The Board hopes that when the Mentor is invested the new Master will remind him of the duties attached to the office. The emblem (to be designed) would be two chisels in saltire.
Notice of Motion to amend the Book of Constitutions accordingly appeared on the paper of business.
Recognition of a Foreign Grand Lodge
The Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Alaska
The Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Alaska and its Jurisdiction was consecrated by the Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Washington on 6 September 1969, from three lodges operating in Alaska, which it had warranted in 1965. The Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Washington was recognised by the United Grand Lodge of England on 10 December 1997.
The Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Alaska shares jurisdiction with the Grand Lodge of Alaska, which has already granted it recognition and has also confirmed that it would have no objection to our doing so.
A Resolution was accordingly approved.
The Board has received reports that the following lodges have resolved to
surrender their Warrants: Salisbury Lodge, No. 3228, in order to amalgamate with Lodge, No. 767 (Hertfordshire); Rossendale Forest Lodge, No. 4138, in order to amalgamate with Lodge of Amity, No. 283 (East Lancashire); Lodge of Good Companions, No. 6091, in order to amalgamate with Jordan Lodge, No. 201 (London); Ionic Lodge, No. 6983, in order to amalgamate with Jubilee Lodge, No. 9475 (Hertfordshire); Triton Lodge, No. 7738, in order to amalgamate with Peace and Friendship Lodge, No. 7414 (London); and Lodge of United Brethren, No. 9529, in order to amalgamate with Owen Falls Lodge, No. 9447 (East Africa).
The Board accordingly recommended that the lodges be removed from the register in order to effect the respective amalgamations. A Resolution to this effect was approved.
Erasure of Lodges
The Board had received a report that 28 lodges had closed and surrendered their Warrants. The lodges are: St John's Lodge, No. 673 (West Lancashire), Mount Edgcumbe Lodge, No. 1446 (London), Viator Lodge, No. 2308 (London), Marcians Lodge, No. 2648 (London), Harlow Lodge, No. 2734 (Essex), Assheton Egerton Lodge, No. 2793 (Cheshire), Whitley Lodge, No. 2821 (Northumberland), Saltwell Lodge, No. 3000 (Durham), Brooklands Lodge, No. 3671 (Cheshire), Paton Lodge, No. 3738 (West Lancashire), St Mary's Lodge, No. 3987 (Northumberland), Astley Lodge, No. 4370 (Cheshire), Elfrida Lodge, No. 4497 (London), Filia Unitatis Lodge, No. 4658 (London), Remus Lodge, No. 4760 (London), St Mildred Lodge, No. 5078 (South Wales) and Oliver Goldsmith Lodge, No. 5924 (London).
Lodge of Companionship, No. 6270 (London), King Arthur Lodge, No. 6593 (Surrey), Poseidon Lodge, No. 6815 (London), Lodge of Stability, No. 6985 (Northumberland), Ewloe Lodge, No. 7447 (North Wales), Croydon Lodge of Integrity, No. 7730 (Surrey), Beverley Brook Lodge, No. 8137 (Surrey), St Lawrence Lodge, No. 8205 (Surrey), Harrock Lodge, No. 8233 (West Lancashire), Hyde Abbey Lodge, No. 8241 (Surrey) and Lodge of Academe, No. 9377 (Warwickshire).
Over recent years, the lodges had found themselves no longer viable. The Board was satisfied that further efforts to save them would be to no avail and therefore had no alternative but to recommend that they be erased. A Resolution to this effect was approved.
Yet More Of Our Yesterdays
There was a presentation on the Proceedings of Grand Lodge 200 and 100 years ago by VW Bro J.M. Hamill and VW Bro G.F. Redman, Assistant Grand Secretary.
Expulsion From The Craft
There was one expulsion from the Craft.
Meetings of Grand Lodge
14 March 2012, 25 April (Annual Investiture) 2012, 13 June 2012, 12 September 2012, 12 December 2012, 13 March 2013.
Meetings of Supreme Grand Chapter
25 April 2012, 14 November 2012, 25 April 2013, 16 October 2013 (subject to the approval of Supreme Grand Chapter).
City stories
Hello and welcome to this tour of three of the historic masonic sites in the City of London that are inextricably linked with Freemasonry and its development. We start our journey on the spot where once stood the entrance to the Goose and Gridiron Ale-house, some fifty metres north of the last step leading to St. Paul's Cathedral. It is here that the foundation of the undisputed first Grand Lodge in the world took place on 24 June 1717.
Unfortunately, and rather surprisingly, there appear to be no mementos of this historic tavern situated in what was St. Paul's Church Yard and the only surviving item, now in the Museum of London, is the pub sign. Up until the Great Fire of London in 1666, the Goose and Gridiron was known as the Mitre. After being devastated in the blaze, it was rebuilt and renamed The Lyre, on account of the tavern's musical associations (a musical society met on its premises), and took as its sign Apollo's lyre surmounted by a swan. However, this image was often unrecognised and misinterpreted and a new name was born from the error: Goose and Gridiron.
battle for the blue plaque
It was in this tavern that four London lodges came together to launch Freemasonry, electing Anthony Sayer (1672-1741/2) – the 'oldest Master Mason and then Master of a Lodge' – as its Grand Master. It must be noted here, however, that the only source for all the information we have about the premier Grand Lodge in 1717 is from James Anderson's reports that were published more than two decades later in 1738.
Moving on now, if you look to your right you will see, on the last column of the building you are facing, the official blue plaque commemorating the foundation of the Grand Lodge. It simply states:
Near This Site
The Grand Lodge
Of English
First Met in 1717
Nonetheless, after eight years of perseverance, on 15 June 2005, the then Lord Mayor, Alderman Very Worshipful Brother Michael Savory, finally unveiled the blue plaque that we are now so proud of.
foundations of freemasonry
It is interesting to consider how amazed our founding forefathers would no doubt be at the spread of Freemasonry through the four quarters of the globe. You see, the four lodges did not originally meet with the aim of forming a Grand Lodge. Rather, their decision to unite stemmed from a need to strengthen each individual lodge's membership. Indeed, in unity they found this strength and it was at the initiative of other lodges wishing to join the group that a Grand Lodge was declared and formed as a controlling body. Freemasonry has never looked back.
Follow me now please, past Paternoster Square, Goldsmiths, The Saddlers' Hall and Guildhall Yard, and let us make our way into the passage entrance of Mason's Avenue. Now, once we move twenty metres into the alleyway, we are standing in front of the Select Trust Building.
Let me first point out that the whole of this two- hundred-yard-long avenue has not changed in four centuries. The imitation Tudor-style buildings are recent, of course, but the shape and size of the alley has remained identical and right here, on what is now 12-15 Mason's Avenue, stood the Hall of the Worshipful Company of Masons, one of the City of London Livery Companies with which our society is closely, and at times quite wrongly, identified.
The Masons Company has its earliest record dating to 1356 and received its Grant of Arms in 1472. By then the building on this site was already functional and it was only demolished in 1865, some four hundred years later. As a reminder of the old days, the present building, which was completed in 1980, has the beautiful stained-glass windows with masonic emblems incorporated into the design. A gilded inscription embedded into the wall serves as a further reminder. It reads:
On This Site Stood
The Hall Of The
Of Masons
For our third and sadly last stop on this tour, let us walk the short distance to the Royal Exchange. From this vantage point you have a particularly good view of the main entrance to the Bank of England, which is popularly known as 'The Old Lady of Threadneedle Street'.
The Bank of England has been situated in this area since its inception in 1694, with three bank buildings rising on this same site since 1734. As an interesting aside, did you know that the Bank of England was the first purpose-built bank in the British Isles? Another notable, and quite surprising fact is that the Bank of England remained a private entity until the Parliament Act of 1946, after which it was finally nationalised.
soane's speedy advancement
Returning to the building, Sir John Soane (1753-1837) was the bank's third architect and worked on it for forty-five years (1788-1833). However, the only part of his work that still remains is 'the curtain wall', which is the elongated windowless screen wall that you can see along the front. This wall encloses the whole of the block, which consists of an area of three and a half acres containing the premises of the bank.
The Duke of Sussex, who was elected as the new Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of England in 1813, favoured Soane's architectural work. As such, when the Duke of Sussex directed the extension of the Grand Lodge premises in Great Queen Street, one of his many dynamic and innovative activities, it was Soane who undertook and completed the task.
On 25 November 1813, an emergency meeting of the Grand Master's Lodge, No. 1, under the Grand Lodge of the Antients, was held at the Crown and Anchor Tavern in the Strand. At this meeting Soane was initiated as an Entered Apprentice, passed to the degree of a Fellowcraft and raised to the degree of a Master Mason. In addition, following the inauguration of the United Grand Lodge of England, Soane was formally appointed President of the Board of Works and given the appropriate high masonic rank of Grand Superintendent of Works – both a well-deserved and speedy advancement by any standard.
This brings us to the end of our tour in which I hope to have shown you the significance of the City of London to the history of Freemasonry, along the way unearthing a few masonic gems that you may not have known existed. Thank you very much for joining me – I hope you have enjoyed your trip and I wish you a safe journey home.
Back to basics
Little is known about Anthony Sayer for the simple reason that there has been a lack of research into the first Grand Master. One explanation for this may be that he has been regarded as an ordinary person with low social standing, and has therefore been deemed of little importance. However, this approach flies in the very face of the essence of Freemasonry as we are all brothers, equally entitled to our regard.
Anthony Sayer was elected to be the first Grand Master on a majority show of hands by the members of the four lodges (some say six lodges and others add some 'unattached' older brethren) that met at the Goose and Gridiron Ale-house in St. Paul's Church Yard, on 24 June 1717. The lodges had previously met at the Apple Tree Tavern, in Covent Garden in 1716 and agreed to form a Grand Lodge.
Dr James Anderson in the first Constitutions of 1723 records that at that meeting it was resolved to choose 'a Grand Master from among themselves, till they should have the honour of a noble brother at their head'. Anderson goes on to refer to Sayer as 'Mr Anthony Sayer, Gentleman'. This lack of further information regarding who he was and what he did has led to speculation that Sayer was of no real financial means. It certainly suggests that he was not a person with any connection to the aristocracy and therefore of low social standing.
Falling into disrepute
The matter is further clouded by the fact that Sayer had to call on the charitable assistance of the Grand Lodge. This is recorded on a number of occasions in the minutes of Grand Lodge, as is the extent to which he was assisted in some cases. Sayer's reasons for asking for assistance are not known but it may be that he had simply reached the lowest spoke of fortune's wheel. It is also recorded that he was charged with clandestine and irregular practice in relation to the Craft, but it was later found that his actions were only irregular, and he was admonished accordingly.
Sayer ended up acting as Tyler of his lodge up to his death after leaving the Grand Master's chair, and in the interim was also Senior Grand Warden and Warden of his own lodge. This is considered a great demotion by some commentators, with detractors claiming that he was a 'nobody' who could not maintain his standing in the Craft and was in fact bettered by those who followed him.
other side of the coin
If these facts are interpreted in the true spirit of Freemasonry, with an open and charitable mind, the converse view could be true. It could be argued that Sayer was held in such high estimation among his brethren and fellows that he was elected on merit by the majority of brethren present as the best person for the job. At the very least, if this were not the case, it might be said that he graciously volunteered for what was undoubtedly an important and difficult role, overseeing the new concept of uniting lodges under one umbrella – a concept which has subsequently survived the wreck of mighty empires and the destroying hand of time.
Another view that may be considered is the humility of Sayer. When he was in need of assistance, he was not too proud to ask for it. Similarly, neither did his ego stand in the way of him acting as Tyler when previously he had been Grand Master. His misfortune did not cause him to turn away from the Craft and it could be argued that Sayer should be held up as a role model for Freemasons today.
When he left this life for the Grand Lodge above in late 1741, Sayer was buried in St. Paul's Church, Covent Garden in January 1742. Standing as a further indication of the esteem in which he was held by his peers, a newspaper article recorded the event as follows: 'A few days since died, aged about 70 years, Mr. Anthony Sayer, who was Grand Master of the most Ancient and Honorable Society of Free and Accepted Masons in 1717. His corpse was followed by a great number of Gentlemen of that Honorable Society of the best Quality, from the Shakespears Head Tavern in the Piazza in Covent Garden and decently interr'd in Covent-Garden church.'
There may be several reasons why Sayer's lineage cannot be traced, not least of which is that records of the era have not all survived, therefore forcing researchers to come to a dead end. However, it has been deduced that the family name 'Sayer' was quite common in southern England at the time, but the Christian name 'Anthony' was less so, and might be considered more continental in flavour.
It could well be that Sayer was not born in this country. Many people of the time were immigrants who upon settling here changed their names. Notably two people, who are also buried in St. Paul's Church, come into this category: Grinling Gibbons (1648-1721) and Sir Peter Lely (1618-1680). Gibbons, a famous sculptor in wood, was born and educated in Holland while Sir Peter Lely was born in Holland and was originally named Pieter van der Faes. He was portrait painter to the court of King Charles II. Both became naturalised citizens of England and both were consummate craftsmen, with Gibbons shown in a portrait painted by Sir Godfrey Kneller (1646-1723) holding a pair of compasses and contemplating the proportions of a classical bust depicted in death mode.
There may yet be facts that can still be discovered about Sayer. Perhaps researchers might look at the wider course of European history for this, rather than stay within the confines of English masonic history. Perhaps we need to start again with the facts we have and look at them with an open mind and in a new light; to tread paths of research that have not yet
been taken. This approach may eventually unearth the real 'Mr Anthony Sayer, Gentleman', which, with the 300th year of Grand Lodge fast approaching, is perhaps long overdue. Most importantly, we ought not to forget the values we seek to uphold as part of our Craft and remember what the true reasons for being a Freemason are.
Steven Smith is a member of the West Essex Round Table Lodge, No. 9310
Tracing New Zealand's Masonic Roots
In New Zealand, many of Wellington's citizens will be aware of a perfectly ordinary road called Majoribanks Street running out of town from Courtenay Place. They may perhaps know that it should correctly be spelled Marjoribanks and pronounced Marchbanks. However, they are less likely to know that it commemorates a man who, although having never visited the island country in the Pacific, may truly be numbered among the founding fathers of the nation.
Stewart Marjoribanks was the third of five sons of Edward Marjoribanks of Lees, just north of the Scottish border with England, all of whom distinguished themselves in their various fields. The eldest brother, John, remained in Scotland, became Lord Provost of Edinburgh (twice), an MP and Depute Grand Master of Scotland. Campbell, Stewart and Edward all came to London around the turn of the century, while James became a judge in India.
Campbell twice became chairman of the East India Company, Stewart a most successful owner of a fleet of merchantmen and Edward a senior partner in Coutts & Co. Bank. It is, incidentally, perhaps in the family friendship with Thomas Coutts that the key to their extraordinary and sudden prominence lies. They were in any case a very talented group, but a helping hand never comes amiss.
Unfortunately, it is difficult to pin down Stewart's early career to precise dates, but a letter from 1820 mentions that in that year he was expecting to be returned unopposed as MP for Hythe. This election conferred on him the ancient title of 'Baron of the Cinque Ports' (founded originally to defend the coast from the French) and the right to bear the canopy at the coronation of George IV while girt with a sword (which is still in possession of Watford Lodge).
Involved and Influential
Stewart's masonic career began in February 1811, when he was initiated into the Lodge of Friendship, No. 6, a 'Moderns' lodge of great prestige meeting in Bond Street. Although the final achievement of the union was still a couple of years in the future, concrete steps were already being taken, in which members of this lodge took a leading part. Stewart made his masonic reputation as a member of this lodge, for he became Senior Grand Warden in 1823, the year before joining the equally prestigious Royal Alpha Lodge. This is traditionally the lodge of the Grand Master and in due course Stewart served as Deputy Master to the Duke of Sussex.
Much more is known about Stewart's membership of Bamborough Lodge, No. 580, which he joined in 1830, and which was eventually renamed and numbered as Watford Lodge, No. 404. Here he is well remembered as an assiduous, authoritative and kindly member, and can be recalled physically through his portrait by John Lennell, which still hangs in the Temple in the west. He came to Watford when he and Campbell bought Bushey Grove House as their country seat. Stewart joined the Royal Arch in Cyrus Chapter, No. 21, in 1813 and became a founder of the Chapter of Friendship, No. 3 (now No. 6), in 1824, in which year he became Assistant Grand Sojourner (AGSoj).
As a member of Watford Lodge, Stewart was a distinctly big fish in a moderate pond. He apparently introduced a number of well-known men to the lodge, culminating in the agreement of the Duke of Sussex to become an Honorary Member. He was Worshipful Master for two consecutive years from 1835 to 1836 (the lodge numbered some seventy-one masons) and was elected again in 1841, although ill health appears to have prevented his installation. He is said to have been regular in attendance except when his Parliamentary duties kept him away, though with advancing years he was unable to play a very active part after turning seventy. He married a lodge widow, Lady Rendlesham, but the union produced no children. He appears to have been a popular and effective member of the lodge and promoter of its interests.
Expanding Apace
It is worth remembering that Stewart's masonic career coincides with the first generation of the United Grand Lodge of England after the resolution of the schism between the Moderns and the Ancients which had so marred the half century previous to 1813. The Duke of Sussex, as Most Worshipful Grand Master, must have felt that Stewart, with his easy personality and well-reputed integrity, was an ideal friend and support.
Meanwhile, Stewart's business expanded apace from his premises in King's Arms Yard. At first it appears that he traded mainly with India and China, which fitted in well with the interests of his brother Campbell and Thomas Coutts; but before long he turned to the Australia run (he invested substantially in the Australian Agricultural Company) and the growing interest in New Zealand through the New Zealand Company. We have evidence from one of his captains – Cole of the 'Mellish' in 1822 – that he was very much looked up to as a model for emulation, while in 1826 his captains clubbed together to present him with a gift of silver plate 'in view of his much appreciated way of conducting himself towards them'.
As far as New Zealand was concerned, Stewart was very much the right man in the right place at the right time. He was well placed to win government contracts for the transport of troops and stores, but his major role seems to have been in implementing the official policy of encouraging emigration after the Treaty of Waitangi by transporting potential settlers of all classes, especially from Scotland. Here he was assisted by his distant cousin Alexander Marjoribanks of that ilk, chief of the family – it was not then recognised as a clan. Alexander's prestige stood a great deal higher than his character warranted, but he did take ship to New Zealand and then on to New South Wales in 1840-41 and wrote very readable books about both colonies. To judge by the volume of Scottish settlers, the publicity gained was well worthwhile.
Round Peg in a Round Hole
As it happens, one of the ship's officers kept a diary of the first leg of this trip and most entertaining it is – he makes clear that he is torn between respect for Alexander's rank and contempt for his unworthy behaviour. He records with disapproval Alexander's marriage on board to his maid and it is notable that no such marriage is officially recorded anywhere, nor did the lady proceed to New South Wales.
Bearing in mind the savagery of the Mãori wars that followed, one could be in two minds about the effects of Stewart's work on New Zealand. However, the impression is of a diligent, conscientious and kindly businessman, 'a round peg in a round hole'. As the 1840s progressed, ill health drove him into virtual retirement. Campbell had died in 1840 but Stewart lived on to the age of eighty-seven. Childless, he left Bushey Grove House to his nephew Edward (my great-grandfather), who promptly bankrupted himself by destroying it and building a monstrosity
in its place. And the explanation of the spelling and pronunciation of Majoribanks Street? A mystery, lost in the mists of history. Even the Marjoribankses themselves have no convincing explanation.
The viewing was arranged by John Martin, a member of Needles Lodge, No. 2838, in Freshwater. The lodge celebrated its centenary back in May 2001 and, to commemorate the occasion, commissioned local artist and sculptor Michael McDonald to sculpt a bronze bust of the Grand Master, and present it to the lodge. The bust is permanently displayed in the Lodge Room at the Freshwater Masonic Hall.
Martin said, 'Freemasons on the island, particularly those who are members of Needles Lodge, are delighted to know that HRH the Duke of Kent has now seen the bronze bust.'
It's probably fair to say that Freemasonry in Monaco has been low-key for a number of years, following its conditional acceptance by the Monégasque authorities in the first half of the twentieth century.
The Port of Hercules Lodge was formed in 1924 under the English Constitution, and many Monégasques who wished to become Freemasons sought membership outside the principality. In more recent years, three lodges were formed under the German Constitution, but it became apparent that the Monégasques who had joined lodges in France would like one of their own. Accordingly, the first steps were taken three years ago to establish a Grand Lodge in Monaco, and this meticulous planning came to fruition on 19 February in Monte Carlo.
The Grande Loge Nationale Regulière de la Principauté de Monaco was formed by seven lodges, one formerly meeting under the English Constitution and three each under the German and French.
The consecrating officer was Pro Grand Master, Peter Lowndes, assisted by the Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of Germany, Rüdiger Templin, as Senior Warden; and the Past Grand Master of the National Grand Lodge of France, Jean-Charles Foellner, as Junior Warden. The ceremony was directed by Oliver Lodge (Grand Director of Ceremonies) with the help of Nick Bosanquet and Sebastian Madden (Deputy Grand Directors of Ceremonies) and Malcolm Brooks (Grand Tyler). The team from UGLE also included Nigel Brown (Grand Secretary), Alan Englefield (Grand Chancellor), Reverend Dr John Railton (Grand Chaplain) and Ron Cayless (Grand Organist).
The consecration ceremony proceeded without a hitch, and included the unveiling of the lodge boards, the familiar scriptural readings from the Bible, the symbolic use of corn, wine and oil, and the censing of the lodge and its officers. It was conducted almost entirely in English, but the Rulers-designate took their obligations in their own languages. Jean-Pierre Pastor was installed as the first Grand Master, and he then appointed and installed Claude Boisson as Deputy Grand Master, and Rex Thorne, Knut Schwieger, Renato Boeri and John Lonczynski as Assistant Grand Masters.
Other Grand Lodges were represented by more than a hundred delegates and many presented gifts to the newly installed Grand Master, including a magnificent ceremonial sword from the United Grand Lodge of England. The new Grand Master appointed and installed his officers, before the UGLE team withdrew, leaving the Grand Master and his new team to complete essential business. Monaco's Grand Lodge had been launched in splendid style.
Durham mason Michael Willis, who has lived in Bulgaria for six years, said, 'I have visited numerous lodges in Bulgaria. However, while on a visit to a lodge in Romania with two Bulgarian brethren over two years ago, we discussed English Freemasonry and the idea of a new lodge was born.
The list of founders rose steadily and early in 2010 we received permission.'
The new Grand Master of Bulgaria, Ivan Sariev, consecrated the lodge in Bulgarian, followed by a team from Hertfordshire, led by Deputy Provincial Grand Master Allan Atkinson, who consecrated the lodge in English.


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Sign at May 22nd Avocado Festival
Flyer's were circulated at the Avocado Festival about a protest planned at the Planning Commission meeting Tuesday, May 25th at 7 p.m. (See Flyer here), regarding increased restrictions on animal keeping.
Recent Council actions to further the Redevelopment of the Heights to Urban Estates have taken a toll on the animal keeping community and residents who enjoy the rural environment.
The General Plan, the "Constitution" of the City promises Views, Large Distances between Houses, Privacy, and Encouragement of Animal Keeping. Those are lost in the steps necessary to redevelop the Heights to Urban Estates.
Code Changes passed in November, despite almost unanimous resident opposition, allow and encourage covering more of lots with concrete, without mitigating additional runoff, and reducing the possiblity of animal keeping and agriculture on those lots.
Animal keeping on East Rd, Popenoe, Picaacho, and others have been hit with Code Enforcement.
The City Council banned bicycles and skateboards at the only City Park's hardscape areas.
Last year, kids playing basketball at home were the target of Code Enforcement actions.
The conversion process to Urban Estates is under way, with fake animals replacing real ones.
Fake Deer recently added to 8,000 s.f. Urban Estate built in 2008
Another group, the Coalition to Protect the General Plan, was reformed last May over the Council's violations of the General Plan, Code Changes not conforming to the General Plan, and inappropriate over-development occurring in the City.
A recent editorial cartoon succinctly captured what's going on in the City.
Courtesy of theAvocadoExpress.com

subset: commoncrawl


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Thermal conditions in A piglet nest covered in different ways
Published by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, St. Joseph, Michigan www.asabe.orgCitation: No Citation available.
Authors: H.M. Houszka, J. S. Strøm, S. Morsing
Keywords: Piglet nest, Cover configurations, Air temperature, Black globe temperature
In farrowing houses, higher temperatures are needed more for the piglets than for the sow. One of the methods frequently used to achieve this is to maintain a low room air temperature and provide protection of the piglets by covering the nest area in different ways. Only limited information is found in literature on the specific thermal consequences of different nest cover designs, however.
A series of experiments was conducted with a 0.6 m by 1.0 m nest area surrounded by 10 different cover combinations. The experiments contained three groups of nest designs: "only roof" over the nest area, "only walls" around the nest area, and finally, combinations of "roof and walls". The roof and walls were made of 10 mm insulated panels.
The nest was placed in a draft free room, where the air temperature was maintained at 21 °C, and heated with 140 W electric floor panel with dimensions equal to the nest floor area. Air temperatures and black globe temperatures were measured in 9 positions in the nest. Floor panel surface temperature was recorded with an infrared imaging camera.
The increase in air temperature in the nest relative to the surrounding room air (the air temperature lift) was in general surprisingly small. The use of "roof only" or "walls only" resulted in an average air temperature lift of less than 2°C. With "roof and walls" in combination with open access front, a slightly higher temperature lift of the order of 3°C was achieved. A supplementary protection of the entrance to the nest by use of a front plate or a curtain gave an air temperature lift of 4 - 8°C.
For most cover designs the black globe temperature lift was approximately 2 °C higher than the air temperature lift. The highest black globe temperature lift of 10°C was observed for the nest covered with walls, roof and front curtain.
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This piece of jewellery is perfect for riders, horse and fashion enthusiasts. Whether as a birthday present, or for Christmas - the perfect choice for jewellery lovers and riders. The realistic reproduction of a horse bit gives the bracelet an elegant look which works equally well on men as it does women.
The silver looking horse bit is made of pure stainless steel. The bracelet is adjustable in size by means of a classic and at the same time modern clasp. Each horse bit bracelet is produced in Germany and delivered in an attractive gift box. The leather bracelet is the ideal gift for women-riders.
This Horse bit bracelet is made of naturally pumped calfskin and is double-wrapped. 35 operations are required to produce a bracelet of this quality. Only a trained seamstress can make these bracelets with a sewing machine. A decorative stitching adorns the high-quality leather surface. The lower leather from German manufacturers gives a dreamlike wearing feeling.
Get your your daily coffee fix of Badger & Dodo's artisan coffee at our new Cafe at Cillin Hill in Kilkenny. There's also fresh homemade cakes and sandwiches made locally. FREE Parking.
Keep up to date with the latest arrivals, new brands, who's wearing RED MILLS, competitions & much more. Follow us on facebook, instagram & twitter - click the icons below to add us!
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Alone Manor Escape Game
Have fun with this new escape game now! Alone Manor Escape is a creepy new point and click house escape game created by Wow Escape for an exciting escape adventure and overall daring fun!
The house you came in to do a little bit of research was grand and was definitely a house for the rich! But sadly though, the thing is abandoned and needs to be heavily restored. Now, everything seems fine as you take a look at everything here, and you have recorded everything up to the moment you have to leave.
Okay, but trouble had followed you all the way here and the really bad thing is, it's in the form of being trapped in the place! Oh gosh, and to think that it's almost getting dark is a really bad thing! Find your escape now before more trouble comes across your path. Good luck!This game is from Wow Escape.


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Apologies, but no results were found for the requested archive. Perhaps searching will help find a related post.
PREMIER PERSPECTIVESby Laura Schmieder
Cover Letter No-Nos Every Job Seeker Should …Well…Know.
One thing people who are applying for jobs dread most is writing a cover letter. Even if you are a good writer, it can be a chore and a pretty stressful process. Plus, if you aren't one to frequently write … continue reading
The Endangered Species of Effective Placement: Clear Communication and Trust
I have an article over on the NPA website called "Zen and the Art of Split Placements". There are many points within it that I feel are important to employers, but the one that comes to mind most frequently is about … continue reading
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Interesting Reads:
Zen and the Art of Split Placements


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It constantly amazes me how time flies. Indeed, our months spent trapesing across the Karoo feel like a lifetime ago- and yet we've only been back home for three weeks.
Since October last year, Nadine Hassan and myself have been surveying the Karoo for mammal species as part of SANBIs Karoo BioGaps project. In total we've been on five fieldtrips, with each one taking a few weeks due to the great distances we needed to transverse each day. To help us in this end the EWT Drylands programme kindly lent us their vehicle for the duration of the fieldwork. The Mazda (affectionately known as 'Karoo Bean') has been both gutsy and reliable.
The two main tools of our trade, so to speak, are camera traps and Sherman small mammal traps. Camera traps stand on an allocated site for a minimum of 30 days, dutifully taking photographs of all that moves past. Interestingly, whilst many photographs were of the usual suspects (steenbok, kudu, black-backed Jackal, scrub hare and the like), there were the occasional novelties. In particular rock monitor lizard, secretary bird and bush pig made cameo appearances. As expected, the sheer amount of data collected has been immense. Approximately 400 gigabytes of photographs lie in wait on my hard-drive. As one can imagine, going through them all is proving to be quite the challenge.
Nadine's Sherman traps have produced equally important data. At each site she patiently baited and left 120 traps overnight, scattered amongst the various micro-habitats available. Pre-dawn every morning we checked each one, carefully processing and releasing any live captures. What a pleasure to be up close and personal with these fluffy creatures, whom are so often over-looked in mammal surveys. Despite the drought Nadine captured at least 10 micromammal species. The most cosmopolitan species for the drylands, the Namaqua rock mouse (Micaelamys namaquensis) was found around the various rock formations that characterise much of the Karoo landscape.
As winter approaches it becomes too cold to sample for the small mammals. Thus for now we must take a step away from the Karoo and turn our attention back towards our laptops. Fieldwork was only half the story- now begins a rigorous session of data cataloguing and analysis. Nonetheless we are both excited to see the result of our hard work, and eagerly await our next fieldtrip come spring.


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Issues on gender and health, specifically, sexual reproduction health on children and young people has become a serious problem. Access to information through increasing communication technology bringing double side effect. The ease of access will make them gaining information easily but also threaten them with false information.
UNESCO Office Jakarta works towards some projects on gender and comprehensive sexuality education issues:
- School-Related Gender-Based Violence in Indonesia
- Comprehensive Sexuality Education Addressing HIV, Drugs and Sexual Risk Behaviors for Youth in Closed Settings in Indonesia


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SpongeBob SquarePants Typing
- Arcade-style activities
- Progress tracking
- Master typing with SpongeBob!
- OS : Windows XP/Vista/Win7
- CPU : 1.0 GHz
- Memory : 1024
- DiretX : 9.0
- Hard driver (MB) : 928
Review for game SpongeBob SquarePants Typing
SpongeBob SquarePants Typing offers boatloads of fun and interesting undersea facts all while you learn to type. Through arcade-style games and keyboarding drills, SpongeBob and his friends will make typing instruction fun! Dive right into a step-by-step typing tutorial that's awash with SpongeBob SquarePants' helpful hints, games, and friends! Now kids of all ages can learn to type the SpongeBob way!
Engage your (inner) child with games featuring kid-friendly content.
March 19, 2012
1895 points
Tag lineBrick Buster
this game is a great learning tool for not only kids but anyone wanting to learn to type.
I loved it I was able to brush up on my typing and I let my grandkids learn to type with this game !!! They loved it too.
Bought the computer game SpongeBob SquarePants Typing game for myself and used it for brushing up my rtyping skills and the games and graphics are really cool and all out fun!! :-)


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You worked with a plethora of artists over the years. What collaborations were/are the most interesting and important to You and why?
In the mid-eighties, the unexpected encounter with flamenco masters transformed my artistic life. They shared with me their knowledge, taught me how to stamp and dance, to use rhythms and patterns which became the foundations of the music of my band Von Magnet. In 2000, during a 6 months residence in the Medina of Fès (Morocco) I was accepted amongst a tribe of Gnawa musicians, listening, learning and participating actively to their daily practise, accompanying them to the rituals (which it is very rare for a non-member of the fellowship) in private houses, witnessing the trance sacrificial ceremonies. We together released a record and performed a fusion show "L'Autre Nuit" which embodied this encounter. The year following a major earthquake in Izmit (an industrial Turkish city), I was invited there to direct a street performance multidisciplinary piece for an improvised collective of Turkish and Kurdish artists (dancers, actors and musicians). It was a real challenge to present together this work in a country where street demonstrations are forbidden and can be stopped by the police. The collaborations with artists coming from very different cultural backgrounds opened doors to amazing explorations and broadened my horizons. Also the collaborations with choreographers (Sakurako, Otomo) and theatre directors (Neil Bartlett, Mathias Beyler) pushed me out of my boundaries. Both triggered self-questionning and re-inventing. Thanks to them my music has changed, my dance kept evolving.
Can You tell me, in short, the main ideas behind Your music? Could You name Your favorite compositions / albums / collaborations? What about the new album?
My different attempts to music composition - either with or without lyrics – have been wishes to embark on miniature journeys across human aspiration; from darkness to light. Starting from the depth of oneself and reaching out somehow towards the others and the ethers. In Flamenco what is known as "Jondo" (Deep) needs to be transcended and shared through singing or dancing because it is too heavy to carry, during that "alchemical" process, "Duende" or "Tarab" (in Arabic music) - which could mean "this fleeting & rare moment of grace"- might or might not occur… it does sometimes appear on stage but almost impossible to capture on recording.
The conceptual approach is important but I do also cherish experimenting and testing odd combinations and mixtures as well as allowing incidents to arise. In the end what will really decide of the validity of a piece is its poetical breath. I had in the past a maximalist tendency using many layers and elements. I wish more and more to strip down to the essence of the vibration of the piece. This is what I tried to achieve with my solo album "Blind Ballet".
Some works which might resist against time. With Von Magnet : "Neither predator nor Prey" or "Buddahlike" on the album "Mezclador", "How to Breathe" on "De L'Aimant". On "Blind Ballet" I particularly cherish "Bleeding Caress" and "Lost Ballet". About collaborations I affectionate "L'Autre Nuit" the album written with the Gnawa musicians. The new duet with drummer and electronic musician Somekilos called "Meta Meat" is a new challenge towards a more direct rhythmical approach which reveals its ritualistic nature live.
The sound is magic. You've proved it. But, what ends, when there's no sound?
It is the impossible experience of non-existent Silence which can make the perception of sound even more magical. If you meditate, you will perceive the sonic world all around you as well as inside yourself in a multidimensional "acousmatic" space. All musicians are merely trying to recreate this sensation artificially. When there is no sound, life ends, because it means that even the sound of your own heartbeat and thoughts has vanished.
Sakurako. Photo by Fabrice Pairault.
What is and what is not a Sound Art?
I would say that Sound Art like any form of Art is about transcending our realities and our vision of the world. A metaphysical alchemy.
What do You think about relations between the old art and computer art? Are they compatible?
They are definitely compatible. Acoustic meets Digital. Neurones meets Sensors. They can enhance each other's potential. Although I feel that computer art can touch one's heart & soul when the "computerized" aspect becomes invisible, hence universal. Otherwise computer art might date as quickly as its exponential evolution. We should bare in mind that art should not be time-bound.
What do You think about thousands of neofolk/industrial/ambient/tribal/electroacoustic/avant-garde etc. bands/projects? Is it a kind of trend, or just a tendency towards better music?
Only a few artists set the pace as innovators and manage to invent a style, all the rest are following along. I guess there is room for expression for every one - hopefully at least with sincerity - but very few understand that creation in art is about revolution of self and that doesn't come easy with a recipe, a technical mastery or an attitude.
But what is "better music" really? As at the end of the day it is all about what music represents intimately for each one of us : a company against loneliness, a window to escape reality, a spiritual journey, a background noise, a trigger of memories, a way to access our emotions, a release of energy, a melody to sing along… There is always a "good enough music" to accompany each scene of our personal life's movie.
What do You know about Lithuania? How and when did You come to it? What Lithuanian and foreign musicians do You value most?
I do not know much yet but I am curious and eager to discover, especially about Lithuanian pagan roots and folklore. Sakurako introduced me to Sutartinės and I really find its Canon sequentiality very inspiring, it reminds me of tribal trance as well as Steve Reich phasing works. I also came across the work of the group Kūlgrinda and shared CDs with Saulius Petreikis and Antanas Jasenka. I appreciate the creativity of Adas from Sheep Got Waxed. Dovydas Bluvšteinas invited to do a remix of the Folk group Vydraga which I enjoyed very much. As foreign is concerned, I have special affection for Omar Faruk Tekbilek, Arvo Pärt, Biosphere, Murcof, Stefan Micus…
What inspires You most?
Metamorphosis & Poetry in any shape or form… The intensity of the presence of the dancers of the dance-theatre company Okarukas, the sounds of Andreï Tarkovski which do not illustrate the image composition on screen but arise from distant memories, the list of increasing numbers which Roman Opalka painted stubbornly throughout his life, the drawings on soot inside wine glasses from Patrick Neu, the ever changing landscape of the ocean dancing with the wind…
Merci beaucoup.


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WRITING FOR GEOGRAPHY (Part 2)
Wit research was started by getting
As you begin your study, record the sorts of resources you discover, and you may need to remember the varieties of references anticipated in your duty.
Is the resource scholarly?
Among the primary concerns to consider is if a resource could possibly be regarded that is scholarly, resources that are scholarly, or educational will not be the resources that are sole okay for work on the college level. However, they constitute the majority of course work and assigned readings for undergraduates, and sometimes do form most of authorship and study within which graduate students and professor put their particular work.
It is necessary in order to recognize although there are gray areas, if a resource could possibly be regarded scholarly. (When not sure, request assistance from a librarian or your teachers!) More typically, determining some essential features of resources also can assist you in assessing in creating your claim or discussion, how they could best be utilized.
Scholarly resources (also called educational, peer reviewed, or refereed) are composed by specialists in a certain area and function to maintain the others fascinated because subject updated on the newest re-search, results, and information. These sources will give you the many significant advice for papers and your study.
Peer reviewed signifies a panel of co-workers in the writer's area has reviewed and assessed a resource. Evaluators make suggestions regarding its book in a log, and evaluate the origin included in the system of re Search to get a certain subject, ascertain whether there is a dependence on changes before book, and, sometimes, determine whether to refuse the supply for newsletter.
Different sorts of references
Log magazines, articles, publications
Well-liked and scholarly resources usually confound when utilizing many different references from magazines, novels, and log articles.
Log posts will be the many frequently encountered type of peer reviewed reference you will probably come across in your location re Search. They have a tendency to have these features in common:
Among the most of us would be to research a database that features several publications, although publications are arranged in quite a few manners. Notice under (area on "Library Resources") and test together with the catalogue web site or a librarian for assistance in browsing a research by means of an assortment of post features for example: creator name, key phrases, title, area, and day.
Diaries at times available in the Journals Division of the collection in hard copy, and can be found on the internet through the collection web site. Many of the posts you might find when looking a database is going to be for sale in an online "total text" structure (typically a pdf, which can be saved and imprinted). Typically, your teachers is not going to consider posts that are such "references that are on-line", despite the fact that you might have located them on the web. If uncertain, ask your teachers about their conditions for variety or the amount of resources that are online.
Publications can frequently be qualified as having emphases that were popular or scholarly from the sort of intended and publishing company market. (Wish novel is nonfiction will not mean it is scholarly!) Some points to think about publications:
Day of currency and newsletter: Is the information current enough for the goals?
How can you understand?
Publishing houses: A college push will probably be scholarly. Professional bodies as well as the U.S. Government Publishing Off-Ice may also be indicators of scholarly articles.
Who is the intended audience for the novel?
Well-known newspaper sources including magazines are usually composed by non-professionals (frequently journalists), will not be peer reviewed, and therefore are meant to get a much more common market. They are going to usually maybe not give you the amount of expertise and investigation of diary articles. (However, hi may possibly be helpful as expressions of specific occurrences by which you could possibly be fascinated and which you could examine throughout your authorship.)


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My 2017 Reading List
Well it's March, and I'm finally getting around to posting my 2017 reading list (mostly because I actually finished it already- but more on that later).
This list comes mainly from Modern Mrs. Darcy's two challenges for this year "Reading for Fun" and "Reading for Growth," but I changed a few things so that it would fit better with what I've been wanting to read this year.
So, here's the list! Get yourself reading for 2017!
Tags: 2017 books Books


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Undead dances, a lawman documentary, and Phoenix Fashion Week are on your to-do list this weekend.
Halloween's come early this year. No, you don't need to panic over your costume (yet). And, yes, you may use this as an excuse to binge on mini Butterfingers for the next few weeks.
Scorpius Dance Theatre's A Vampire Tale, best described as All Hallows' Eve's answer to The Nutcracker, opens a few weeks earlier than usual. And apart from the production being a fall tradition here in Phoenix with 11 years under its undead belt and a fun piece of contemporary dance complete with genuinely creepy vampires, there's one particularly exciting reason to see it (apart from the candy excuse we've gifted you). Longtime Scorpius dancer Gavin Sisson will assume the lead role of Viktor, the vampire king, this year. And we have a sneaking suspicion he's going to be thrilling and chilling.
See also: 10 Guys You'll Meet at First Friday in Phoenix
Curtain is 8 p.m. Friday, October 3, at Phoenix Theatre, 100 East McDowell Road. Performances continue in the Hormel Theatre through Saturday, October 10. Tickets are $25 to $45 and available through www.phoenixtheatre.com. Find more info about the show at www.scorpiusdance.com. Becky Bartkowski
So you think you know Sheriff Joe, huh? Well, prepare to get sucked into the insane and almost unbelievable media circus that surrounds America's most infamous lawman, in the locally made documentary The Joe Show.
Even if Arpaio didn't happen to run the county that we live in, the film's use of well-known pundits Larry King and Noam Chomsky and his celeb pals Ted Nugent and Steven Seagal show that his reign has a national scope. However, we do live in Maricopa County, so seeing this movie is, albeit unfortunately, of particular interest to us.
Watch all of the madness unfurl in Randy Murray's The Joe Show at Harkins Valley Art, 509 South Mill Avenue in Tempe. Screenings begin at 1:45 p.m. Friday, October 3. For a complete list of showtimes and to purchase tickets for $9.50, or $7 for matinee showings, go to www.harkinstheaters.com or call 480-446-7272. Heather Hoch
See also: Phoenix Film Festival Review: Randy Murray's The Joe Show
Now that New York, Milan, and Paris have had their fashion week fun, it's time for Phoenix to get in on the garment action.
Phoenix Fashion Week 2014 brings 25 designer shows to Talking Stick Resort. And while most of the designers on the roster aren't exactly household names (13 of them are competing to win the title of emerging designer of the year), typically the event does bring in an international garment maker or two, as well as some of the state's most prominent fashion personalities. We've spotted high-fashion model Kelly Mittendorf, Robert Black, and the stars of Vh1's Baseball Wives. Sure, it's not quite the star-studded endeavor that Lincoln Center boasts, but the Valley's fashion set will take what it can get. And when it comes to Phoenix Fashion Week, that means a well-produced event, fashion seminars, after-parties, pop-up shopping, and opportunities to mix and mingle with models and designers.
Models take to the runway starting at about 7:30 p.m. nightly through Saturday, October 4, at 9800 East Indian Bend Road. Tickets are $40 to $175 per night and available at www.eventbrite.com. Becky Bartkowski
See also: Phoenix Fashion Week 2014 Designer Lineup Revealed
Between Simpsons Legos, Simpsons video games, Simpsons theme parks, and the soon-to-be launched "Simpsons World," it's safe to say the citizens of Springfield are going to be around for a long time -- possibly event after nuclear fallout as playwright Anne Washburn explores in her off-Broadway production, Mr. Burns.
In this post-apocalyptic dark comedy, a small band of survivors spends their time recounting the 1993 Simpsons episode, "Cape Feare." In three acts what starts as a simple way to pass the time with pop culture turns into something much more profound. Mr. Burns, a Post-Electric Play will take to the stage at Space 55, 636 East Pierce Street. Showtimes are 8 p.m. Fridays and Saturday, October 3 through 26, and Thursdays, October 16 and 23. General admission is $15. For tickets and information, call 602-663-4032 or visit www.space55.org. Katie Johnson
See also: The 10 Best Simpsons Episodes Ever
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Come one, come all! Feast your eyes on that which has to be seen to be believed. Brooklyn-via-Phoenix artist Luster Kaboom is bringing the hairiest man on earth to the Valley. The illustrator and muralist who made his mark on the Valley has come back with a new creation and a new exhibit.
"Sideshow" explores the bizarre word of bushy outsider Hairy Jerry. Is he a misunderstood monster or fearsome freak? Take a tour through this tripped-out show to find out for yourself. "Sideshow" by Luster Kaboom is on view now through Sunday, January 25, inside the Dr. Ruth Tan Lim Project Room at Mesa Arts Center, One East Main Street, Mesa. Museum hours are 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays,10 a.m. to 8 p.m. Thursdays, and noon to 5 p.m. Sundays. Admission is free. For details, call 480-644-6567 or visit www.mesaartscenter.com. Katie Johnson


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By Christopher Sambuchino on May 31, 2016
Valentine Heidt, Undertaker
A. Schultz Company
Edward Gredler in his Butcher Shop
Karsh's Grocery
Photo taken in 1905 – Store was opened in April 1898 five years after their arrival in Erie and remained in the family until 1985.
Peter Wehan's Grocery Store
Schloss Meat Market
Schuldebuckel Hill & Ohmer's Hardware Store
Kraus's Original Store
Waldameer Park
Waldameer, German for "woods by the sea" – was born in 1896
Brugger Funeral Home
Adolph Brugger had his residence and Funeral Parlor on East 9th Street just east of Parade Street. The original Home, was closed in 2007, but the family business remains in two locations on East and West 38th Streets.
Erie Männerchor Music Hall
Felgemacher Organ Company
B. Felgemaker & Co., organ factory, corner of Twenty-fifth and Ash streets, was originally established in the city of Buffalo in the year 1865, but moved to this city in the year 1871, when it was operated as a stock company up to the year 1875, under the name of "The Derrick & Felgemaker Pipe Organ Company,"
The premises consists of a handsome four-story brick structure 40 feet wide by 200 fee long, built in 1872, with a frame wing 20 feet wide by 100 feet long, erected in 1871.
Mr. Felgemaker, a practical and experienced organ builder, has his work in many of the best churches in this State
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ShellExView : Small Tool To Delete Right Click Shell Extensions
Window right click context menu is great assisted tool that allowing computer users access to certain application with faster way.Unfortunately,as we installed software more and more in computer,we will finding that window right click menu also increase in the same time,some of the features maybe will not using anymore.
Actually we can hack the registry to getting the unused right click menu deleted but these will be a difficult and dangerous job for those who are not familiar registry amended.Now we can use a software that help us to do this job.
ShellExView is a free software that showing all the Windows right-click menu items, including files and folders and even Internet Explorer's right-down menu. You can use it to view those right-menu item. If you felt that some item is unused, then we can disable the item (we can enable back later), so that it no longer appear in the right-menu.
After execuate the ShellExView program,it will showing all shell extensions item as showed above,right click on the item that you need to disable then select 'selected disable item' or press 'F7' shortcut key to disable it.
ShellExView supports Window 98/2000/2003/XP/Vista.
Download ShellExView with installer / ShellExView without installer .


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Online Community
Join the Southern Village Voice, the community's new email listserv. Here are just a few of its great uses:
- Find a babysitter for Saturday night
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Monthly Archives: October 2017
SVHOA Board President, Arun Kilara Passes Away
Neighbors, It's with sadness that I share the news that Arun Kilara, President of the Southern Village HOA, died recently. Arun served the Southern Village community for many years, first on the Architectural Review Board, then on the Board of … Continue reading
SVHOA Collection Policy – Revised
The SVHOA Board of Directors have approved the below revised collection policy.
ARB, October Approvals
The ARB approved the below projects at this month's meeting. 803 Edgewater Place, Addition & Deck 206 Eastgreen Drive, Replace Driveway Questions? Please e-mail, firstname.lastname@example.com.
Re-schedule, October Board Meeting
Please note the SVHOA Board meeting has been changed to Monday, October 23, 2017 @ 6:30pm at 101 Market Street, 1st Floor Conference Room. As always, this meeting & all meetings of SVHOA are open to the public. Questions? Please … Continue reading


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Kathmandu University, School of Arts, Center for Art and Design Invites applications for Admission for Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) Program.
Bachelor of Fine Arts BFA degree is designed to prepare students for careers in their preferred creative discipline or for succeeding in master programs. KU Art+Design's curriculum highlights intensive studio practices, with foundation in basic techniques, followed by stages of innovation and critical learning, and culminating in the development of an independent visual idiom. Students earn a BFA degree in Graphic Communication or Studio Art after completion of 4-year, 8-semesters course with 139 credits.
1. To develop students' creative abilities to produce original works of art and design.
2. To extend their knowledge and understanding of Nepalese Art and that of other civilizations.
3. To prepare them for professional careers and further training in Art and related subjects.
Applicants who have passed class XI and are waiting for the class XII results can also apply as a provisional admission.
Application form for the program can be obtained from KU School of Arts, Center for Art and Design at Hattiban. The form can also be downloaded from the website starting 17 July 2016.
For more detail regarding application and admission test visit http://kuart.edu.np/application/