text: African American DNA Research Forum http://afrigeneas.com/forum-dna/index.cgi/ African American DNA Research Forum McKinney Family http://afrigeneas.com/forum-dna/index.cgi/md/read/id/37646 edited See link 2014-08-18T20:03:13+01:00 Re X CHROMOSOME SHOW NO NAT AM http://afrigeneas.com/forum-dna/index.cgi/md/read/id/37645 Not being well-versed in DNA language, I'll just say that the NA percentages appear to fall on bar lines 2, 5, 6, 8-13, 16 and 18, to equal 2.0% with 0.6% NA. That means it's from his father's DNA? 2014-05-25T22:30:09+01:00 X CHROMOSOME SHOW NO NAT AM http://afrigeneas.com/forum-dna/index.cgi/md/read/id/37644 DNA testing results of my elder son appear to show NO Native American percentages on his mother's X chromosome. Since I'm the mother, I was very surprised. My mother has always said that her paternal grandmother, Ludonia (Perkins) Dawkins, had a grandfather who was part Cherokee. Lately, ... 2014-05-25T22:17:44+01:00 New Mandinga DNA Group Announcement http://afrigeneas.com/forum-dna/index.cgi/md/read/id/37643 Hello to all, I created a new Mandinga DNA group: The purpose of the group is to share news and information about the Mandinga/Mandingo people for those that show a mtDNA or Y-DNA25+ match to the Mandinga and who want to learn more. 2014-04-17T02:10:21+01:00 Re DNA TEST http://afrigeneas.com/forum-dna/index.cgi/md/read/id/37641 Hi Lora, here are several links that you may want to look into. I have tested at a couple and took the autosomal portion. I do believe all prices are comparable with the ones listed below www.23andme.com www.familytreedna.com www.Ancestry.com 2014-02-09T01:05:37+01:00 DNA TEST http://afrigeneas.com/forum-dna/index.cgi/md/read/id/37640 Can someone give me the name of some DNA testing company. 2014-02-08T12:21:51+01:00 Are you my cousin? [article] http://afrigeneas.com/forum-dna/index.cgi/md/read/id/37639 Link to a read 2014-02-07T06:20:10+01:00 Return to Africa revealed in DNA http://afrigeneas.com/forum-dna/index.cgi/md/read/id/37638 Humanity's forgotten return to Africa revealed in DNA 20:00 03 February 2014 by Catherine Brahic For similar stories, visit the Neanderthals , Genetics and Human Evolution Topic Guides Call it humanity's unexpected U-turn. One of the biggest events in the history of our species is the ... 2014-02-05T07:45:29+01:00 What is problem with X ? http://afrigeneas.com/forum-dna/index.cgi/md/read/id/37637 Click below to see an explanation. 2014-01-26T13:28:34+01:00 DNA Match matches oral history[PEGUES] http://afrigeneas.com/forum-dna/index.cgi/md/read/id/37636 I got a DNA match on 23andme that confirms my family's oral history told to me by my late uncle stating that the father of my maternal great-great grandmother was a white man from Mansfield, Louisiana named William Thomas Pegues! The DNA match told me that his maternal grandmother was the ... 2014-01-24T05:49:04+01:00


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CrossFit 603/30 Day News:
- First, we are in the process of creating a permanent home for our 30 day program. Which needs a real name, because (a) every time someone calls it a "challenge", I swear under my breath, and (b) calling it "Urban Gets Diesel Change Your Life in 30 Days" is kinda long, and (c) "That 30 Day Thingy" isn't exactly snappy. We're working on it. Until the 603 site gets a redesign and the whole 30 moves over there, every Friday on UGD will be dedicated to 30 day'ers. Welcome back, kids.
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Derailed follow-up:
Thanks to all of you who posted and emailed about your own "derailment", and how you are coping. That's the kind of thing we're going for with our new consulting and training program... fitness is more than just your training PRs, perfectly measured diet or zinc-and-magnesium induced sleep regimen. There are so many factors that play into health and fitness, and you need to treat them all as a WHOLE to keep moving forward. Sounds like you are all back on a good track as well - and if you're not, it's not too late to 'fess up, ask for help and state your case here. You've got plenty of support from me and the readers.
My PTP program is off to a good start -deadlifts and presses are light, but that's the whole point. (If you haven't read Dallas' intro to the program, you really should. It explains everything, including why he's a genius for programming this under our official CrossFit umbrella. In my opinion, CrossFit needs way more of this and way fewer map-and-a-flashlight met-cons*.)*Map-and-a-flashlight met-cons are those excessively detailed, multi-round, multi-exercise, convoluted rep scheme chippers that require a map and a flashlight to follow along. It's a disturbing affiliate programming trend... more on that in a future post (that's probably going to get us in trouble).I'm eating squeaky clean until Thanksgiving (my own 30-plus day program), and taking extra rest days when I need them, which is often, because (a) I'm still a little stressed out, and (b) my body can't take a serious beating more than two days in a row just yet. But as my Dad said in an email to me yesterday:
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text:
Ramsar Advisory Missions: No. 44, Sumava Peat Bogs, Czech Republic (2001)
Malheureusement, il n'y a pas de version française de ce document.
Special attention is given to assisting member States in the management and conservation of listed sites whose ecological character is threatened. This is carried out through the Ramsar Advisory Mission, a technical assistance mechanism formally adopted by Recommendation 4.7 of the 1990 Conference of the Parties. (The Ramsar Advisory Mission mechanism was formerly known as the Monitoring Procedure and the Management Guidance Procedure.) The main objective of this mechanism is to provide assistance to developed and developing countries alike in solving the problems or threats that make inclusion in the Montreux Record necessary.
Ramsar Advisory Mission No. 44: Czech Republic (2001)
Mission Report
Shumava Mires Ramsar Site, Czech Republic
5-8 June 2001
Report prepared by Hans Joosten, with additions by Tobias Salathe,
based on the comments by the Czech and Slovak mission participants on an earlier version of the report
For ease of e-mailing this document, accents of site and personal names have been omitted. The spelling of "Sumava" has been adapted to "Shumava" to assure correct English pronunciation.
1. The Ramsar Convention gives special attention to assisting Contracting Parties in the management and conservation of listed sites whose ecological character is changing or likely to change as a result of technological development, pollution or other human interference. This is carried out through the Ramsar Advisory Missions (RAM), a technical assistance mechanism formally adopted by Recommendation 4.7 of the 1990 Conference of the Parties (formerly known as the Monitoring Procedure and the Management Guidance Procedure).
2. On 6 June 2000, the Deputy Director of the Department of Nature Protection of the Ministry of the Environment, the Ramsar Administrative Authority of the Czech Republic, asked the Ramsar Bureau, based on an unanimous decision by the Czech Ramsar Committee on 9 December 1999, to consider carrying out an independent Ramsar Advisory Mission to provide guidance on how best to deal with specific management problems related to the recent outbreaks of bark beetle populations.
3. On 29 September 2000, the Director of the Department of Nature Protection of the Ministry of the Environment provided the Ramsar Bureau with additional information and a proposal for the composition of the Ramsar Advisory Mission. Taking into account the winter snow cover of the Shumava mountains, he proposed to postpone the mission to the first week of June 2001 and expressed the wish that the Ramsar Advisory Mission would help to evaluate current management measures for forests damaged by bark beetle outbreaks and its impact on the wetland ecosystems.
The Shumava Mires
4. The Shumava Mires Ramsar Site comprises a complex of disjunct peatlands, including three core areas in the granitic Shumava mountains, providing unique ecosystem islands. The Ramsar Site includes high plateau raised bogs, valley bogs, coniferous forest and riparian wetlands of the upper Vltava (Moldavia) river. Bogs on the high plateaus show characteristics of the forest-tundra with low-growing bog pines, open areas, shrub and grass vegetation. Treeless areas are covered by minerotrophic mires with stands of short sedges. The bogs are of considerable entomological and botanical interest, supporting various endemic and rare species, including relict populations of 25 species of butterflies, dragonflies, beetles, capercaillie, black grouse and northern birch. Both types of raised bogs (high plateau and valley bogs) are often surrounded by waterlogged spruce (Picea abies) forests. Some areas of the Ramsar Site (e.g. Modravska slat) include also planted, non-waterlogged spruce forests. Some nature trails exist, although most of the Ramsar Site is closed for public access.
5. Outside the wetlands, especially at higher altitudes, the legacy of centuries of forestry interventions remains in the form of monospecific spruce plantations, or plantations with artificial species composition and patch dynamics. The natural vegetation originally consisted of mixed, beech (Fagus sylvatica) or fir-dominated (Abies alba) forests. Patches of such forests can still be found, particularly in the adjacent Bayerischer Wald National Park.
6. The Shumava Mires Ramsar Site is part of the Shumava (Bohemian Forest) National Park, established in 1991. Within the National Park, discrete stands of old-growth and natural forests survived. Together with a number of bogs and mires, these "close-to-natural ecosystems" (cited from "Management Plan of the Shumava National Park") were designated as Zone I ("strictly natural areas") of the National Park. The many different Zone I patches are surrounded by a large heterogeneous, temporarily managed, transition Zone II ("areas to be steered towards 'natural'"), intended eventually to be included in large parts into Zone I. Zone III ("zone of development") includes areas with ecosystems that are influenced by human activities, as well as built-up areas. A large Protected Landscape Area surrounds the National Park. Both together form a Biosphere Reserve, managed jointly by a single authority.
7. In the early nineties, wind squalls felled important number of trees in the adjacent Bayerischer Wald National Park (Bavaria, Germany). This situation favoured the development of massive bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreaks, originating in an area of mountain spruce forests. The area is isolated from lower altitudes by a contiguous complex of mixed forests, acting as a buffer zone against the spread of bark beetles. Up to now, spruce trees have died over an area of approximately 3,700 ha, mainly inside the Bayerischer Wald National Park Core Area. The Bavarian Park authorities apply in the continuous Core Area (Zone I of the old part of the National Park) a strict no-intervention policy, to facilitate the spontaneous development of natural forest communities.
8. Bark beetles spreading from the Core Area of Bayerischer Wald National Park to the Czech side caused a similar massive dying of spruce forests over an area of 1,600 ha, mainly in the higher parts of Shumava National Park. In some Zone I areas, the Shumava National Park authorities combat bark beetles with sanitation methods and individual cutting of infested trees. A specific status has been accorded to a so-called "no-intervention area" along the state border with Germany, as a response to the fact that it was not possible to effectively reduce the bark beetle outbreak using the sanitation methods in this area. Presently, the no-intervention area covers 479 ha in Zone I, and 847 ha in Zone II.
Issues considered by the RAM (as spelt out in the Terms of Reference)
9. The occurrence of bark beetle population outbreaks in the Bohemian Forest, its frequencies and extent (historical and recent data), and its ecological consequences (dying of forests, spread of bark beetle populations and other parasites and their respective predators, etc.).
10. The environmental impacts of different methods of bark beetle control, including the absence of control measures, on forest structure and development, microclimate (clear cuttings), hydrology and soil ecology (through drainage and compacting with heavy machinery to remove affected trees), and biodiversity (through altering the forest extent and structure, the hydrology of peat bogs, etc.).
11. The integrated forest management in the Bohemian Forest, including policies for timber cutting, clear cuts, plantations, no/limited human intervention old-growth stands, drainage and other landscaping measures, and their impacts on bark beetle populations and rare, endemic, threatened and relict populations of invertebrates (butterflies, dragonflies, beetles, etc.), birds and plants representing specific biodiversity values of the Shumava National Park and surrounding protected areas in the Czech Republic and Bavaria.
12. The need for transboundary management, according to the Ramsar guidelines for international cooperation (Ramsar Handbook 9), including coordinated bark beetle population management measures on both the Czech and German sides.
13. Based on paragraphs 9-12, preparing a series of concrete recommendations for management measures, evaluation and monitoring procedures (of the management measures applied) and procedures for transboundary data and information exchange, coordination and cooperation.
Bark beetle ecology and management strategies in the Bohemian Forest
14. Bark beetle outbreaks are an element of natural biodiversity in central European montane spruce forests. It is not a question of whether these natural phenomena will happen, but when, where, and to what extent. Bark beetle outbreaks generally follow wind squall damage and are stimulated by climatic and other environmental factors that weaken the spruce stands. In case of massive outbreaks, also healthy spruce stands are affected.
15. No information is available on the frequency, intensity, duration, and extent of bark beetle outbreaks in central European montane spruce forests under conditions without human impact. Historical accounts of massive outbreaks in the Bohemian Forest probably reflect situations in which human impact and exploitation had already considerably modified the composition, structure, and resilience of the forests. High-resolution paleo-ecological research into pre-human patch-dynamics of these forests is still lacking, although the mires of the Bohemian Forest could provide an excellent opportunity for such research, as detailed information on bark beetle outbreaks is available since the early 19th century.
16. Under the current conditions of human-induced environmental stress and the presence of planted, non-local spruce ecotypes in the National Park, the vulnerability of the montane spruce stands for bark beetle attacks is higher than under natural conditions, also in natural spruce stands.
17. The replacement of mixed forests by monotonous stands of spruce on lower altitudes of the Bohemian Forest in the last centuries has considerably increased the area susceptible to large-scale bark beetle outbreaks and has removed natural barriers against the spread of bark beetle. The replacement has furthermore decreased the on-site availability of diaspores of other tree species.
18. The presence of huge commercial spruce stands beyond the borders of the Shumava National Park necessitates the prevention of massive expansions of bark beetle to these areas and raises the question of the nature and extent of such prevention measures.
19. The management policy of both National Park authorities (Shumava and Bayerischer Wald) is, among others, directed by:
- a conservation goal to steer the human-influenced ecosystems towards more natural conditions, eventually leading to no-intervention and self-regulation (for a definition of the terms cf. box) in a substantial part of the National Parks;
- and the socio-economic constraints to prevent unacceptable economic damage to the commercial forests outside the National Parks.
20. To honour the conservation goal, both the Shumava and the Bayerischer Wald National Park have installed "no-intervention zones" in which bark beetles are not controlled, applying a strategy of "spontaneous transformation". It is expected that the spontaneous dynamics of tree dying, followed by colonisation and succession of new trees, will lead in these zones to ecosystems that better reflect natural conditions.
21. The bark beetle no-intervention zone covers 9,800 ha in the Bayerischer Wald National Park and, directly adjacent to that area, 1,326 ha in the Shumava National Park. On the Bavarian side, this zone equals the Core Area of the old part of the National Park. On the Czech side, the bark beetle no-intervention area covers parts of both, Zone I and Zone II sites (cf. paragraph 8), and includes part of the Ramsar Site areas.
22. With respect to its conservation goal, the Shumava National Park applies an additional management strategy of "guided transformation". Under this strategy, tree species should be planted that belong to the assumed original forest composition, but which are insufficiently available in the regeneration potential (diaspore bank) at given sites. Such planting does not take place in the "no-intervention area" of Zone I, and is the only forestry activity taking place in "no-intervention areas" of Zone II. Planted trees, except spruce, are temporarily protected against game damage.
23. It is impossible to assess ex ante which management strategy is providing more rapid results, spontaneous or guided transformation. Currently available conclusions, based on ex post assessments of site-specific results in the Bohemian Forest area and elsewhere, are still scarce and contradicting. Scientific experts may judge the attainability or consistency of stated management aims, but may not decide on which aims to choose. The choice of conservation and management aims, although it should be based on best available science and technology, belongs to the realm of society. A participatory process, involving all stakeholders, and taking their concerns into account, should construct a consensus to provide a sound information basis for elected people that make political decisions, and their administrative apparatus that will implement the decisions.
24. Conflicting opinions on the best management strategy for Shumava National Park relate to:
- different conceptions on what nature is, and on what the aims of nature conservation should be (cf. box): e.g. should spontaneity prevail or a specific ecosystem type;
- different interpretations of the terms (and the relation between them) self-regulating, spontaneous, natural, original, and typical (cf. box);
- differing precedences (temporal goals) if development towards the aimed biodiversity should be enhanced by guided transformation, or be left to spontaneous transformation;
- different opinions about the fact that spontaneous transformation may even be more rapid than guided transformation, under specific circumstances;
- differing preferences (spatial goals) if spontaneity should be maximised in the core areas, or be optimised in both, core areas and buffer zones?
These issues are often not spelt out clearly; and furthermore, they are inter-related in a complex, and dialectic, way.
25. Conservation goals are formulated within the framework of constantly progressing best-available scientific understanding and management know-how. In contrast to earlier scientific "stability theories", conservation ecology now increasingly recognises the de facto non-equilibrium status of natural ecosystems, and the importance of disturbance ("patch dynamics") as a driving factor in natural ecosystem functioning. Management decisions, however, are not only guided by the latest insights of science and technology, but have also to consider public and political perceptions, attitudes, and aspirations.
26. The Management Plan of the Shumava National Park, adopted in November 2000, contains a clear Mission Statement: "To conserve and improve its natural environment, especially to maintain or restore the self-regulatory functions of natural systems, to strictly protect wildlife, and to maintain the typical appearance of the landscape; to fulfil scientific and educational goals, as well as to promote appropriate tourism and recreation within the National Park." (citation of the English translation provided to the RAM by the Park authorities).
27. Neither from this Purpose of the National Park (Management Plan, paragraph 1.1.2), nor from its stated Principal Object of Conservation (Management Plan, paragraph 1.1.3), it has obligatory to be inferred that a major part of the National Park (Zone I) needs to be the subject of an unconditional no-intervention policy. This does, however, not deny the fact that several National Parks do apply a strict no-intervention policy, and that strict no-intervention, whenever possible, is preferable from a nature conservation point of view (cf. box).
28. The discussion on forest management in the Shumava National Park has been initiated by differing specific priority aims that different people impose upon the general purpose of the National Park. The ensuing differing views about acceptable management tools have been nurtured by the rapidly following changes in the zonation and management concepts of the Shumava National Park in the past, and by the use of confusing terminology, notably the existence of so-called "no-intervention zones" in which human interventions do occur.
29. Special attention should therefore be given to clarify those sources of potential confusion, notably concerning the terms self-regulatory functions, natural systems, strictly protected wildlife, and typical appearance of the landscape of the Mission Statement.
30. The new Management Plan of the Shumava National Park provides a useful structure and essential elements for the sustainable management of the Shumava area and its natural resources. The National Park authorities have to be commended for the elaboration of this document, and are encouraged to further develop its operational objectives and procedures in a consistent manner and in more detail, in order to prevent futile discussions, and to stimulate fruitful exchanges of new ideas and experiences.
|The nature of nature
With nature and natural is often meant a state free of human influence. As everything is connected with everything else, however, a "world apart from man" has never existed since "Homo sapiens" appeared on Earth. For nature conservation purposes it is useful to define nature in relation to culture (natural vs artificial). Culture is then each deliberate (conscious) act or thought of human beings and its results. Nature is everything that has originated, or is originating spontaneously. Nature includes spontaneous development (the natural processes, e.g. growth, succession, and evolution) and the results of spontaneous development (the natural patterns and systems, e.g. rocks, organisms, species, communities, and mires). Nature (i.e. spontaneity and its products) can be observed everywhere, also in environments created by man, but not everything is nature. Patterns, processes, and systems are only natural as far as they do not result from deliberate human action.
To do - or not to be, that is the question
Nature conservation therefore seeks the facilitation of spontaneous processes and the conservation of their results. The crucial question is, which means are allowed to reach which ends? Because in nature conservation, the means are an implicit part of the ends: each deliberate act increases the artificiality of the result, and therefore conflicts with the essence of nature's spontaneity. The current human population density on Earth no longer leaves enough space to conserve all natural biodiversity by the only means of spontaneous processes (or doing nothing). Consequently, it is believed that human intervention is needed to preserve or restore particular ecosystems and populations. The gain of them being conserved or restored involves, however, a loss in naturalness (or no-intervention). The essence of nature conservation requires natural biodiversity to be conserved by doing as little as possible. How to balance optimally between naturalness and biodiversity is not only a matter of scientific expertise, but principally a question of aims and choices.
Spontaneous vs self-regulating, original or typical
Much confusion in nature conservation arises from the words natural, spontaneous, self-regulating, original, and typical that are often inaccurately used as synonyms.
Self-regulating relates to internal abilities of a system, by which externally or internally induced changes in its state or functions give rise to a reaction which restores the system to its "original" state. Spontaneous developments may lead to self-regulating systems (stabilised by negative feedback mechanisms) but also to changing systems (enabled by positive feedback mechanisms, cf. succession, evolution etc.). Self-regulation is moreover not restricted to spontaneous processes: a refrigerator is self-regulating (with respect to its temperature), but not natural.
Original relates to origin or beginning. As natural phenomena are part of a continuous evolutionary process, no a priori beginning exist (except for a Big Bang?). What is meant with original must therefore always be stated explicitly.
Typical means exhibiting the qualities or characteristics that identify a group or kind or category. What is typical, depends on the typology. As "there may be as many classifications of any series of natural, or of other, bodies, as they have properties or relations to one another, or to other things; or, again, as there are modes in which they may be regarded by the mind..." (T.H. Huxley, 1869), every typology is subjective and depends on specific aims, interests, and paradigms.
Mires, trees, and bark beetles
31. The mires of the Shumava National Park and Ramsar Site are amongst the best existing examples of montane mires in central Europe.
32. The management authority of the Shumava National Park and Protected Landscape Area is aware of the important values of these mires and of their responsibility for the sustainable conservation and careful management of these sites. As a result, most of the mires are therefore in excellent condition.
33. The relations between mires and forests/trees are highly complex. From a hydrological point of view these relations include, amongst others:
- larger interception of precipitation by tree canopies compared to treeless areas, leading to less rain water reaching the soil surface;
- condensation and capture of water droplets from clouds or mist (horizontal precipitation) by trees, leading to more atmospheric water reaching the soil surface;
- generally larger evapotranspiration from trees, leading to more water being removed from the soil, but also – because of decreasing atmospheric water demand (advection) - to less evapotranspiration from neighbouring sites;
- shading of trees, leading to less evapotranspiration from shaded soil vegetation;
- wind protection offered by trees, leading to less evapotranspiration from lee-side or enclosed vegetation;
- higher external load of trees growing on a mire, leading to smaller pore volumes, lower hydraulic conductivity, and smaller hydraulic storage coefficients of peat.
Next to quantitative hydrological changes, also shifts in water quality may result from changing forest cover.
34. The cumulative effects of all these factors differ with tree density, geographic altitude and exposition, distance between forest and mire, and mire type (cf. table below). Furthermore, they change in time. It is therefore difficult to predict generalised statements about the direction, magnitude, and dynamics of the hydrological changes.
Less trees leading to:
Effects on peat accumulation (+/-) of
Mires on site
Adjacent mires
(via surface processes)
Other mires
(via groundwater)
decreasing interception
decreasing water supply (+)
increasing water supply (+)
increasing water supply (+)
increasing erosion (-)
decreasing horizontal
decreasing water supply (-)
decreasing water supply
decreasing water supply (-)
decreasing evapotranspiration
decreasing water losses (+)
increasing advective water losses (-)
increasing water supply (+)
decreasing shading
increasing evapotranspiration (-)
increasing evapotranspiration (-)
not relevant
increasing wind velocity
increasing evapotranspiration (-)
increasing evapotranspiration (-)
not relevant
decreasing external load
increasing hydrol. conductivity (-)
not relevant
not relevant
increasing storage coefficient (+)
35. Hydrological changes resulting from tree dying or felling will undoubtedly take place and will - because of the strong hydrological dependency of mires - lead to changes in the mires. The effects of spontaneous dead trees are expected to be somewhat smaller than those of clear cuttings, because dead trees retain their passive hydrological functions to some extent.
36. As a result of the generally good condition of the Shumava mires and the considerable capacity for self-regulation of the older, more valuable mires, the hydrological changes resulting from tree dying or felling are not expected to damage the fundamental character of the mires.
37. Peat soils play an important role in mire ecosystem functioning and are important as paleo-ecological archives and stores of carbon. They are vulnerable to erosion and compaction (e.g. resulting from using forestry machinery and transport of wood) which may seriously impact mire hydrology.
38. Spruce stands growing on mires, and in their lagg zones, are often less susceptible to bark beetle attacks as a result of their more diverse structure and age composition, their adaptation to more open conditions, the occurrence of local ecotypes, the better water supply, the prevalence of cooler meso-climatic conditions ("Kaltluftschlenken"), and because the mire itself provides a beetle-hostile buffer zone.
39. For all these reasons, peatlands and their lagg zones are ideally suited for rapid inclusion into no-intervention zones as a high priority. Management interventions should be restricted to restoration measures, as outlined in chapter 126.96.36.199 of the Management Plan.
Transboundary and international aspects
40. The presence of two major National Parks on both sides of the Czech-German border, with similar conservation goals and management challenges, necessitates intensive transboundary cooperation and exchange of information. This is substantially facilitated since the lifting of the geopolitical obstacles during the "Cold War", and the physical removal of the "Iron Curtain" that literally cut the common ecosystem into two, until only ten years ago.
41. Such cooperation is especially required, as mutually incompatible management strategies (e.g. intervention vs no-intervention) may – due to the intense spatial and functional relations between both areas - prevent each party from reaching its conservation goals in the most effective way.
42. Currently, both National Parks apply different management approaches with regard to the zoning of the no-intervention areas and the intervention policy after bark beetle outbreaks, partly due to different ecological conditions and a differing socio-economic context on each side of the state border. As, however, both Parks share the aim of a conservation management towards more natural ecosystems, regular exchange of experience and insights followed by coordinated and cooperative actions, seem to provide an efficient management approach for the future.
43. The Memorandum of Cooperation between the National Parks of Shumava and the Bavarian Forest (signed on 31 August 1999), mentioned in the Management Plan of the Shumava National Park (adopted in November 2000), could facilitate the necessary international cooperation at all levels.
44. The Ramsar Bureau highly appreciates the professional and detailed management approach of the Shumava National Park authorities for the conservation of the important hydrological and biodiversity values of the Ramsar Site areas.
45. The Ramsar Bureau considers the "Management Plan of the Shumava National Park for the period 2001-2010" to be a good start, with regards to the spirit of integrated management and international cooperation, as detailed in the document. It wishes these efforts to be developed even further (cf. paragraph 30) and translated rapidly into concrete actions on the ground.
46. The Ramsar Bureau acknowledges that the Shumava Mires (forming a Ramsar Site that covers 10,226 ha, composed of 31 different peatlands within the Shumava National Park) are representing some of the most valuable natural ecosystems of the Shumava National Park and Protected Landscape Area in terms of their functions for hydrology and biodiversity.
The Ramsar Bureau would like to recommend the following concrete actions:
1. Implementation of the Management Plan objectives: The authorities of the Shumava National Park and Protected Landscape Area should progress with the implementation of the management plan objectives for the area in a cooperative way, together with all the stakeholders concerned, including NGOs, and involving relevant international experts and partners.
2. Attain the spatial zoning objectives: As specified in chapter 4.1 of the Management Plan, the zonation of the National Park area should correspond by the deadline of the year 2030 to the declared objectives of a minimum of 50 per cent for Zone I (natural zone), up to 40 per cent for Zone II (transitional towards permanent natural zone) and up to10 per cent for Zone III (development zone).
3. Clarify and simplify the National Park zonation: Zone I should be comprised of a few large individual areas only, as stated in the Management Plan: "The current fragments of Zone I will be used as nuclei for a future, larger and consolidated Zone I.". Areas with "Type I, no-intervention management" of Zone I should be clearly delineated as large, continuous areas, and on a permanent basis.
4. The Ramsar Site remains a no-intervention area: Particular emphasis should be given to the core areas of the National Park, and especially the areas comprising the Ramsar Site: they should remain strict no-intervention areas (or become so, where this is not yet the case). No use of machinery, no tree felling, nor plantation, should be undertaken in the mires and their lagg zones.
5. Clarify the extent of the mire lagg zones and temporary interventions: As a matter of priority, the lagg zones of the peatbogs need to be identified and delineated, including areas with waterlogged spruce forests. No tree cutting should occur in these areas, especially if they provide essential habitat for threatened wildlife (e.g. capercaillie). However, hydrological restoration measures, that are compatible with the conservation objectives, should be encouraged in these areas. Sanitation cutting of bark beetle-affected trees may be granted, as a temporary derogation, provided that timber is left on the spot, and that the local hydrology and soil structure are not damaged.
6. Ensure the wise management of the Ramsar Site: Ramsar Contracting Parties are encouraged to take a management-oriented approach when determining Ramsar Site boundaries, and to include buffer zones around the wetland. This should be considered by the National Park authorities when clarifying the National Park zonation and delineating the lagg zones (cf. Recommendations 3 and 5). The Ramsar Handbooks No. 7 (Strategic Framework and guidelines for the future development of the List of Wetlands of International Importance) and No. 8 (Frameworks for managing Wetlands of International Importance and other wetlands) can provide further guidance.
7. Monitoring the ecological character of the Ramsar Site: A monitoring system of the key hydrological parameters and biodiversity indicators should be established for all major Ramsar Site areas. This should ideally be done in close coordination with similar programmes run by the Bayerischer Wald National Park. Special attention needs to be paid to ensure that the methods will be compatible, and their results comparable.
8. Expansion of mire restoration activities: The National Park authorities are encouraged to continue and to expand their activities for mire restoration, notably concerning bog hydrology and biodiversity, in the National Park and in the Protected Landscape Area.
9. Development of a transboundary management system: The authorities of the Shumava National Park and Protected Landscape Area are encouraged to develop further the cooperation with their counterparts from the Bayerischer Wald National Park at all levels, with the objective of a common, coordinated, transboundary conservation, management and monitoring approach, including activities to increase public awareness, for public education, information and the development of leisure-related activities that are compatible with the conservation management goals.
The Ramsar Bureau and the international experts participating in the Ramsar Advisory Mission to the Bohemian Forest would like to thank the managers of both the Shumava and Bayerischer Wald National Park, and the representatives of the Czech ministerial departments, research institutes, and NGOs, those who helped to prepare the mission and those who participated in it, for their excellent logistical organisation and for the open and friendly atmosphere that reigned throughout the days of intensive debate in Prague, Vimperk and Kvilda, as well as in the Shumava mires and in the Bavarian Forest, both, under sunshine and heavy rain. The exchange of ideas and information during the mission has contributed to a deeper understanding of, and respect for different opinions and concerns. In this sense, the mission will hopefully become a good start for increased international cooperation.
Appendix 1: Composition of the Ramsar Advisory Mission
The following Czech and international experts participated in the Ramsar Advisory Mission:
- Ramsar Bureau, coordinator for Europe: Dr Tobias Salathe (Switzerland)
- Ramsar Bureau, mire conservation expert: Dr Hans Joosten, Greifswald University (Germany)
- Ramsar Scientific and Technical Review Panel, Czech member: Dr Jan Pokorny
- Czech National Ramsar Committee, Ministry of the Environment: Dr Petr Roth
- Czech National Ramsar Committee, Palava Protected Landscape Area: Dr Josef Chytil
- Ministry of the Environment, Department of Forest Protection: Ing. Vladimir Hynek
- Ministry of the Environment, Department of Nature Protection: Mgr Libuse Vlasakova
- Ministry of the Environment, Department of Nature Protection: Dr Milan Rivola
- Ministry of the Environment, Department of Global Relations: Mgr Dagmar Kubinova
- Agency for the Protection of Nature and Landscape of the Czech Republic: Ing. Frantisek Urban
- Shumava National Park and Protected Landscape Area, vice-director: Ing. Vladimir Zatloukal
- Shumava National Park and Protected Landscape Area, wetland expert: Dr Ivana Bufkova
- Bayerischer Wald National Park, director: Karl Friedrich Sinner (Germany)
- Bayerischer Wald National Park, legal and management expert: Franz Baierl (Germany)
- Czech conservation NGOs, representative: Dr Mojmir Vlasin
- South Bohemian University, Faculty of Biology: Dr Karel Prach
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Forest Ecology Institute: Dr Rastislav Jakus (Slovakia)
Appendix 2: Programme of the Ramsar Advisory Mission
Tuesday, 5 June
Arrival of the Ramsar Bureau participants of the RAM in Prague
13h30 Meeting at the Ministry of the Environment in Prague at the Department of Nature Protection
14h30 Departure for Vimperk by car
17h00 Meeting at the headquarters of Shumava National Park and Protected Landscape Area, presentations, study of documents, specification of the mission itinerary
19h30 Arrival at Shumava National Park regional office in Kvilda
Wednesday, 6 June
08h30-18h00 On-the-spot appraisal of different Shumava mires and visit of bark beetle-affected areas in both National Park Zones I and II, with and without bark beetle control measures, visit of the tourist trail at the Jezerni slat raised bog
Thursday, 7 June
08h30-11h30 Visit of adjacent bark beetle-affected areas in the core zone and mires and non-affected forests in the buffer zone of the Bayerischer Wald National Park
12h30-17h00 Visit of the Mrtvy luh raised bog part of the Ramsar Site at the confluence of Tepla and Studena Vltava rivers in the Shumava National Park, followed by a visit of the former industrial peat extraction site at Soumarsky most peatbog, including newly created mire restoration experimental plots
17h00-22h00 Discussion of the mission issues and recommendation proposals at the Shumava National Park regional office in Kvilda
Friday, 8 June
Return to Prague
12h00-13h00 Concluding meeting at the Ministry of Environment in Prague
Reporting to Deputy Minister Bile
Return of the Ramsar Bureau experts


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ALPINE (CBS 8) - Eastbound Interstate 8 was reopened Tuesday after CHP conducted an overnight investigation in a crash that took the lives of Angela August and Jimmy Arevalo back in June.
Authorities say, back in June just before 3 a.m., Angela August lost control of her car, went up an embankment, overturned, then rolled back onto the highway.
A short time later, Jimmy Arevalo either crashed into her, or pulled over to help.
That's when Sunny Hall plowed into them. She was arrested on suspicion of DUI, but never charged.
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Angelique Lizarde has more in this video story.
THIS IS AN UPDATED STORY. For the original copy, read below.
ALPINE (CBS 8) - Investigators are going to revisit the scene of a double fatal crash that happened last June and as part of that investigation, parts of Interstate 8 in the Descanso area will be shut down overnight.
Eastbound Interstate 8 from Dunbar Lane/Harbison Canyon Road to Tavern Road in Descanso will be shut down beginning at 11 p.m. Monday.
The interstate is expected to re-open at 5:00 a.m. Tuesday.
News 8's Shannon Handy files this video report from Alpine with the latest information.


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Auto-enrolment will begin as planned in October 2012 and will be
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Ramsar meets Venice: for sustainable management of the environmental heritage
Ramsar meets Venice: for sustainable management of the environmental heritage . . .
. . . was the theme of a meeting organized in the Arsenale di Venezia by the Provincial Government of Venice on 9 May 2003. Since 1998, the Province of Venice has included in its strategic plan the designation of the entire Lagoon of Venice (about 50,000 ha) as a Wetland of International Importance. About 80 participants, scientists and experts, administrators from different sectors, stakeholders and locally elected people gathered in the historic Naval Library. It was an important milestone towards the goal of conferring Ramsar status to the Venice Lagoon.
The meeting was chaired by Luigino Busatto, the President of Venice Province, and organized by the Department for Hunting and Fishing, under the leadership of Assesora Delia Murer of the Provincial Government. In preparation of the meeting, two Ramsar experts, María José Viñals (STRP member) and Michael Smart (former Senior Advisor in the Ramsar Bureau), were asked by the Province to prepare planning guidelines for the management of Venice Lagoon. Mayors of all municipalities sharing the Lagoon area participated in the meeting and were generally supportive of the idea of declaring the Lagoon as a Ramsar site, as well as Maria Giovanna Piva, the President of the Lagoon management authority (Magistrato alle Acque Venezia). The idea also obtained support from representatives of the fisheries sector, the hunters' associations, and NGOs. The representative of WWF Italy brought it to the point: "it does not make sense that Venice Lagoon, Italy's best known wetland, does not form part of Italy's (currently) 46 Ramsar sites".
Venice Lagoon has been used by humans for aeons for living, commercial fishing, hunting, transport and protection from enemy empires. To avoid filling up of the Lagoon with river sediments, already in medieval times, the main contributory rivers were diverted from the Lagoon. The well-protected lagoon zone provided the environment for the rise of the Venetian empire. In the 20th century, Porto Marghera, a huge port and industrial area, was built inside the Lagoon near Mestre, and it continues to pose severe environmental problems. Modern habitat restoration measures for saltmarshes and tidal mudflats of the Lagoon are now under way. Only the nature reserve Valle Averto (500 ha), in the southwestern part of the Lagoon, has so far been designated a Ramsar site (in 1989). Other, private and public areas of the Lagoon host an extremely rich biodiversity. The heronry of Valle di Figheri, a private fish farming and hunting estate, is simply extraordinary, and well protected. The historic town of Venice and many points of the Lagoon receive millions of tourists each year.
It seems therefore no longer necessary to demonstrate the importance of this truly unique wetland ecosystem. However, in view of the impressive cultural heritage, the ecological values and functions of the Lagoon seem often to be neglected. The representative of UNESCO's local office in Venice invited the audience to think about establishing a Biosphere Reserve covering "Venice and its Lagoon", as listed since 1987 under the World Heritage Convention. The Ramsar Bureau presented the tools available from the Convention on Wetlands and how to go about including the Lagoon in the List of Wetlands of International Importance. Angelo Ciasca of the Environment Ministry's Servizio Conservazione della Natura in Rome, the Ramsar National Authority, assured the public of his support and encouraged the local and provincial authorities to work together with the Veneto Region towards this end. He was seconded by Professor Giampaolo Rallo of Venice's Ca` Foscari University and conservation expert of the Environment Ministry.
The Venice Province has to be congratulated for their efforts to provide the Lagoon with a management framework that assures its long term sustainable development and the conservation of its natural resources.
-- reported by Tobias Salathé, Ramsar
Exhibition stand of Venice Province, including the Ramsar Posters, during the "Navalis" fair in Venice.
(Above) Preparatory discussion between María José Viñals (Ramsar expert), Delia Murer (Provincial Government), Giuseppe Cherubini (Provincial Office for Hunting and Fishing), and Mike Smart (Ramsar expert).
Some impressions during a visit of Venice Lagoon organized by Giuseppe Cherubini of Venice Province for the Ramsar visitors after the meeting - - -
A charming spot of Venice: admired by many tourists, and used by its inhabitants, as shown by the intensive boat traffic.
Ramsar visitors Tobias Salathé and Mike Smart discussing with Giuseppe Cherubini and a police officer of the Province close to the observation platform overlooking the extensive heronry on the private Valle di Figheri estate (unfortunately the spectacle of the many breeding birds is not visible on the photo).
Uses of Venice lagoon, how to assure that they are all sustainable and wise? Traditional fishermen on Burano island, modern harbour and industrial facilities at Porto Marghera . . .
saltmarsh restoration efforts in their early stages, maintenance works in Valle Zappa, a private, traditional fish farming area.
And finally, charming views over the tidal flats and marshes of the Lagoon from the heights of the XIth century church tower of Torcello island.


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- Michelle Rosenthal
- Brooklyn, NY
- United States
social worker, Dr Susan Smith McKinney Nursing and Rehabilitation Center
This conversation is closed.
Should heterosexual women propose marriage or even broach the topic first or should they passively wait for the man to ask first?
Do you think women should take the risk of proposing marriage more often or should that tradition be left for the men to initiate the marriage proposal as it has been for many years in many cultures?
Topics: Marriage Proposals
Showing single comment thread. View the full conversation.
Ana SibrianNov 17 2011: I think heterosexual women should definitely propose, but I think there are a few challenges facing the brave couple that dares have the woman initiate marriage. Here's the problem with women proposing: when a man says "will you marry me?" he offers a ring, and it plays a central symbolic role in the engagement process. The engagement ring is such an important symbol in our capitalistic society (American or otherwise) that in order for both man and woman to be validated within their families/friends/etc, the gift of the ring is imperative. So if a woman proposes, the man may read this as "now you gotta buy me a ring", which is massively inconvenient for obvious reasons.
On the other hand, looking at it from this capitalist/materialistic perspective that I'm proposing, the family of the bride pays for the wedding, so arguably it should be the woman's prerogative since the biggest expenditure is coming from her family's pocket. The ring, however, remains a much more important symbol in the ritual of the wedding than who paid for the reception, in fact the latter custom is rather outdated.
I think this question is good because it reveals the subtle sexism that exist within really well established capitalistic traditions. In a society where the wedding and marriage do not revolve around materialism then I see no problems at all with women proposing. A short term solution for this problem? Engagement rings for men. How's that for a business idea?
Also, I am using a western-centric, capitalistic perspective on this issue. I would love to hear how this question is answered from views around the world! What inherent cultural norms prevent or facilitate women to initiate marriage?
Nov 17 2011: Hi Ana, Thanks for your response. I never even thought of an engagement ring for men. I am sure that someone will start designing masculine looking engagement rings for men too. Possibly with a square shape diamond in a thick gold ring band. I guess just like both the men and women wear wedding rings it may be a good idea for them both to wear engagement rings. If the men wear an engagement ring it will let other women know that this man is engaged before initiating contact with him. I guess who ever proposes may come prepared with both rings of a matching set to let the world know they are engaged. But really I am sure if a woman proposes to a man or a man to a woman a ring is nice but not essential to the commitment.
Nov 18 2011: I think (even though I am not a material person) that a physical object such as a ring is important for a couple devoted for life. clearly the world agrees or we woulnd't have paper that represents our degrees or money, even with us becoming more digital a plastic card is used to prove it.
Nov 21 2011: why? is she forced to wear it? I'm a guy but, I wouldn't mind if I was "claimed" its no more branding than a title such as "Dr." A ring doesn't claim ownership, the point is that it is a circle representing their love (continuos(sp?) and unbroken). It also is a sign that neither of them are on "the market" persay(sp?). Other cultures would signify marrige with their clothes (be it colour, style, or what have you). It is simply a public symbol of their relationship(sp?). (I think i might be a horrible speller(is that even a word?))
Nov 22 2011: I think both men and women should wear "in relationship" rings. This way while in a serious relationship innocent singles won't be confused by them. This will avoid wasted time and emotions not to mention broken hearts. Of course all this works for honest people who actually don't need any symbol to remind them of their commitments. The more important question is what would ever keep "players" from playing?!!!
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Funeral Services for Mrs. Emma Jean Fizer Cosby Gipson will be held at 1 p.m., Saturday, August 16, 2014, at the 14th District Building with the Rev. Billy J. Hawkins officiating. Interment will follow at Sheppard Street Cemetery.
Emma Jean was born to the late Aaron Fizer, Sr. and Tressie Vance Fizer on August 31, 1948 in Shreveport. She departed this earthly life on August 10.


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Posted 02/25/2011 9:56 PM
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Posted By Dman on 02/25/2011 9:56 PM
If Marcus is holding out, knowing what his team is going through without bigs, he is definitely losing major points with me.
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Posted By Herr on 02/25/2011 11:24 PM
Playoffs > Regular season. That's all I need to say.
Posted 02/26/2011 8:26 AM
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Ricky on 05/19/14 at 12:19 PM
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San Antonio game 2
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Nate Caraway on 04/20/14 at 6:17 AM
First Game starts tonight. Houston is a tough first round opponent and they play exceptionally well at home. If we can steal a game or two at their place, I feel like we have extremely good chances.
P.S. Would anybody happen to have a...
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cm_flippin on 04/02/14 at 10:49 PM
There are many questions and you don''t have to register, you can continue as a guest. Didn''t know about Sporcle though, thanks.
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NickPitherUK on 02/18/14 at 6:57 AM
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benh7777 on 02/12/14 at 10:22 PM
The Blazers were winning!  That is the key word, were.  Blazers are living proof that you can live and die by the jumper.  Lately it has been dying.
Thank God they are 19 games over 500.  Mayb...
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jamsmashers on 02/13/14 at 1:03 PM
Hawes will be a hot commodity by the trade deadline, I would think the sixers could find a better offer.
However, I do believe Mo Williams could have somewhat of  a high trade value. Olshey needs to make a deal to get a big man while we...
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Love Bites
14 Feb 14
Oysters from France, chocolate from Ecuador and vanilla from Madagascar: Slow Food Presidia products are unique traditional foods facing extinction, but many are also foods known for their aphrodisiac properties. On the occasion of Valentine's Day we look at a handful of Presidia products from around the globe that can help inspire romance… Click here for the gallery.
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Kitchen Tips
Italy | 22/09/2014 | 10 bite-sized cooking tips from the brought to you from the chefs at the Salone del Gusto Cooking School…
Korea's Buddhist Temple Food Comes to Turin
South Korea | 18/09/2014 | This year, the Korean delegation at Salone del Gusto brings something a little different…
NEW VIDEO: What is Slow Food?
16/09/2014 | Carlo Petrini invites you to watch a new video that marks the start of the Slow Food membership drive…
SALONE SPECIAL: Top That!
Italy | 09/09/2014 | A celebration of authentic Neapolitan pizza...
Carlo Petrini Joins Opening of Mistura Festival in Lima
05/09/2014 | Seventh edition of Peru's largest gastronomic festival opens with attendance from many key figures…
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Venue Review: Busy Bee Cafe
Busy Bee Cafe has two entrances, side-by-side doors facing Wilmington Street. The one on the left opens to the ground floor cafe, a high-ceilinged space with a chic urban renovation vibe and a long counter behind which, depending on the time of day, a barista pulls espresso drinks or a bartender pulls pints. The door on the right leads upstairs to a compact bar and rooftop patio, where the draft beer selection is smaller but more rarefied, and live music or a DJ keeps the place buzzing into the wee hours several nights a week.
Regardless of which entrance you choose, you're headed for some mighty fine eats. Chef Jeremy Clayman, whose showstopping molecular gastronomic creations wowed foodies at The Mint, has retooled his offering for a more casual, mainstream audience at the Busy Bee.
At first glance, in fact, the menu reads like an American restaurant Top 40: calamari, Caesar salad, burger, fish and chips, shrimp and grits, chicken salad sandwich, steak frites.
But anyone familiar with Clayman's work knows to expect a few surprises, and the chef doesn't disappoint. His Caesar salad features whole romaine leaves in an unusual presentation that calls to mind Caesar Cardini's legendary original version. Just as you're congratulating yourself on making the connection, you notice the parmesan frico, a wafer of toasted cheese that gives Clayman's version the crunch traditionally supplied by croutons.
Fish and chips comes in the form of a sandwich, featuring crisp-battered flounder, fries and malt vinegar aioli on a Kaiser bun. Burgers feature eight ounces of chuck, ground coarser than most for a texture and juiciness rivaling that of steakhouse burgers. Even the grilled chicken sandwich is elevated above the banal chicken sandwich norm, the breast meat juicy under a light honey glaze and a topping of caramelized pear and fresh basil.
At $7 to $8, sandwiches of this quality are a bargain in their own right. Given that the price includes your choice of sides -- such as addictively crunchy-crusted fried green tomatoes and a sinfully creamy-cheesy, herb-flecked macaroni and cheese -- they're a downright steal. And you can compound the felony by ordering the Tom & Jack burger, which includes the fried green tomato as one of its toppings, and getting the mac and cheese as your side.
Clayman reaches a little deeper into his bag of tricks for some of his small-plate presentations. His take on a salade niçoise, for instance: seared rare sushi-grade tuna from Hawaiian waters, sliced and fanned over fingerling potatoes and haricots verts, served on a plate streaked with red pepper gel and dusted with fennel pollen and dried kalamata olive "dirt." Or a summer squash tart whose ingenious solution to the eternal soggy crust problem involves baking the individual tart "upside down" with the puff pastry crust on top, then inverting it onto the plate for service. Or bruschetta that get its vibrant color not from tomatoes, but beets and orange sections.
Large plates are for the most part more straightforward, but nonetheless satisfying. In the shrimp and grits, the shrimp are expertly cooked, the grits creamy, and the andouille-studded gravy rich and spicy. Pork loin, succulent and faintly pink under a well-browned crust, is served over a sweet-and-savory mosaic of mashed sweet potatoes and roasted cauliflower florets. Flank steak is a bit chewy in steak frites, but that's to be expected of that cut, and the fries are crisp and golden.
Disappointments are few and, in my experience, invariably minor. A lackluster stuffed portobello cap that didn't live up to its "mushroom gratin" menu billing comes to mind.
Busy Bee Cafe is owned by David "Woody" Lockwood and Chris Powers, both formerly with Rocky Top Hospitality (which operates Michael Dean's and Bogart's, among others), and real estate developer David Meeker. The partners named their restaurant for the Busy Bee Cafe that inhabited the building in the 1920s, and they preserved many of the building's period details in restoring it. Vintage black and white photos of the original Busy Bee hang on one of the exposed brick walls. But with Jeremy Clayman in charge of the kitchen, the new Busy Bee Cafe looks as much to the future as to the past. And like the restaurant's two entrances, both directions lead to good times in downtown Raleigh.
Busy Bee Cafe has two entrances, side-by-side doors facing Wilmington Street. The one on the left opens to the ground floor cafe, a high-ceilinged space with a chic urban renovation vibe and a long counter behind which, depending on the time of day, a barista pulls espresso drinks or a bartender pulls pints. The door on the right leads upstairs to a compact bar and rooftop patio, where the draft beer selection is smaller but more rarefied, and live music or a DJ keeps the place buzzing into the wee hours several nights a week.(Full review)
When The Bee first opened, the food was good and it was "the" place to go for awhile. But I would say the last 4 lunches I have had there were awful.
The *very last* lunch (ever) that I had there (a few months ago) was inedible. Had the fish tacos and there was something absolutely rotten in there. I took one bite and could not eat more. I was on a business lunch and didn't want to look like a jerk, so I didn't send it back. I just picked around them and ate some tater tots, and then paid $14 for a lunch I could not eat. Even when the food has been "okay" the fries are always greasy and soggy, so don't order those (their chef needs to go to Capital Club 16 to learn how to cook a crispy fry). And I've actually had the tots a couple of times when they've been frozen in the center and had to send them back.
I think people must go for the atmosphere or bartenders or bands or something. It does *look* cool, and maybe the food is decent at night. But this is increasingly one of those places that I mention to other people and hear "Ugh" as a response. Or when discussing lunch options I get "Anywhere but the Bee." So it's not just me.
Too many *really* good options downtown now to go somewhere with bad food.
This place is fresh and old school at the same time. Go at any time during the day and you will enjoy it.


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2 U.S. Code § 433 - Registration of political committees
(a) Statements of organizations
Each authorized campaign committee shall file a statement of organization no later than 10 days after designation pursuant to section 432 (e)(1) of this title. Each separate segregated fund established under the provisions of section 441b (b) of this title shall file a statement of organization no later than 10 days after establishment. All other committees shall file a statement of organization within 10 days after becoming a political committee within the meaning of section 431 (4) of this title.
(b) Contents of statements
The statement of organization of a political committee shall include—
(2) the name, address, relationship, and type of any connected organization or affiliated committee;
(5) if the committee is authorized by a candidate, the name, address, office sought, and party affiliation of the candidate; and
(c) Change of information in statements
(d) Termination, etc., requirements and authorities
(1) A political committee may terminate only when such a committee files a written statement, in accordance with section 432 (g) of this title, that it will no longer receive any contributions or make any disbursements and that such committee has no outstanding debts or obligations.
(2) Nothing contained in this subsection may be construed to eliminate or limit the authority of the Commission to establish procedures for—
(B) the orderly liquidation of an insolvent political committee, and the orderly application of its assets for the reduction of outstanding debts; and
Source(Pub. L. 92–225, title III, § 303,Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 14; Pub. L. 93–443, title II, §§ 203, 208 (c)(3),Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1276, 1286; Pub. L. 96–187, title I, § 103,Jan. 8, 1980, 93 Stat. 1347.)
1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–187substituted provisions requiring each authorized campaign committee, each segregated fund established under section 441b (b) of this title, and all other committees to file a statement of organization 10 days after establishment for provisions requiring each political committee anticipating the receipt or expenditure during the calendar year of an amount exceeding $1,000 to file with the Commission a statement of organization within 10 days after organization or 10 days after receipt of information causing the anticipation of receipt or expenditure in excess of $1,000 and requiring each committee in existence on the date of enactment of this Act to file a statement of organization at such time as the Commission prescribes.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–187inserted "of a political committee" in introductory clause; in par. (1) inserted reference to type of committee; in par. (2) inserted reference to type of organization or affiliated committee; in par. (3) substituted provisions relating to the name, address and position of custodian of books and accounts for provisions relating to area, scope or jurisdiction of the committee; in par. (4) substituted provisions relating to the name and address of the treasurer for provisions relating to the name, address and position of the custodian of books and accounts; in par. (5) substituted provisions relating to the name, address, office sought and party affiliation of the candidate for provisions relating to the name, address and position of principal officers including officers of the finance committee; in par. (6) substituted provisions relating to listings of banks, safety deposit boxes, etc. for provisions relating to name and address, office sought and political affiliation of supported candidates, and struck out pars. (7) to (11) relating to other information.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–187substituted "in accordance with section 432 (g) of this title no later than 10 days after the date of the change" for "to the Commission within a ten-day period following the change".
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–187redesignated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted provisions relating to termination of a political committee by written statement in accordance with section 432 (g) of this title for provisions relating to notification to the Commission in the event of disbandment or determination no longer to receive contributions during the calendar year of an amount exceeding $1,000, and added par. (2).
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–187struck out subsec. (e) relating to filing of required reports and notifications with the appropriate principal campaign committee instead of the Commission in the case of a political committee which is not a principal campaign committee.
1974—Pub. L. 93–443, § 208(c)(3)(A), substituted "Commission" for "supervisory officer" wherever appearing.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 93–443, § 208(c)(3)(B), substituted "it prescribes" for "he prescribes".
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 93–443, § 203, added subsec. (e).
Effective Date of 1980 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 96–187effective Jan. 8, 1980, see section 301(a) ofPub. L. 96–187, set out as a note under section 431 of this title.
Effective Date of 1974 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 93–443effective Jan. 1, 1975, see section 410(a) ofPub. L. 93–443, set out as a note under section 431 of this title.
The table below lists the classification updates, since Jan. 3, 2012, for this section. Updates to a broader range of sections may be found at the update page for containing chapter, title, etc.
The most recent Classification Table update that we have noticed was Tuesday, August 13, 2013
An empty table indicates that we see no relevant changes listed in the classification tables. If you suspect that our system may be missing something, please double-check with the Office of the Law Revision Counsel.
|Description of Change
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The Department of Justice informed Congress a few weeks ago that the internal report on the New Black Panther voter intimidation dismissal was complete, but normally such reports are not released to the public. On March 16 I wrote at Pajamas, "If the report is leaked, it will be a sure sign the fix is in. Here's another test, if the report is leaked: Note how closely it echoes the spin and articles from some of the biggest defenders of the New Black Panther dismissal."
Like day follows night, the report was leaked to Democrats on the House Judiciary Committee. PJTV has more on the leak here.
A couple of interesting tidbits beyond what we discussed on PJTV. Most notably, Attorney General Holder was personally briefed before the dismissal by Loretta King, then-Acting Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights. Holder could have ordered King to maintain the lawsuit in this meeting, but didn't. He also warned that there could be bad publicity if the case was dismissed. King bears enormous responsibility for the mess. Justice Department leadership talks a good game about "holding people accountable." We'll see.
The most amazing part of the report is how Steve Rosenbaum and Loretta King considered signficant the fact that the New Black Panthers posted at their WEBSITE a renunciation of the events in Philadelphia. In other words, if the New Black Panther Party says afterwards they didn't like what happened in Philly, then they are off the hook. Take careful note folks, because Loretta King and Steve Rosenbaum never do this in any other case they bring. When the Justice Department sued Adams Mark hotels, or any of the other defendants they have sued, would a renunciation of employee behavior have satisfied the Justice Department? Of course not. In fact, the very same attorney, Steve Rosenbaum, pressed a case against a defendant in United States v. Aimco Properties when the defendants said they disclaimed the actions of an individual employee who used racial slurs. In fact, Rosenbaum and King forced a defendant who was no longer in business, and disclaimed the actions of the employee, to agree to a consent decree. It is all a question of which ox is getting gored. To Steve Rosenbaum and Loretta King, if the New Black Panther party disclaims the actions of the two people at the polls, that disclaimer is good enough to dismiss a case. If the "N-word" is being used by an employee, by golly these two won't let go of the employer. One more thing, if you want to see how badly Rosenbaum and King got jobbed by the Panther's disclaimer, watch this video.


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The Richmond County Board of Education has released a statement regarding a mother being banned from McBean Elementary School.
Read the original story here.
Read the text of the statement below:
Over the past several days, school officials and elected Board members have received various inquiries and comments from members of the public and media relating to a recent occurrence at McBean Elementary School. Most of the inquiries were welcomed and appropriate. A few, however, were asinine, raised irrational points and are not factually consistent with the actual circumstances.
When the School System responds to public inquiries, it must be mindful of the privacy rights of parents and students. Often, the School System is aware of facts that provide substantial justification for the decision of the school official, but, cannot comment on the specific facts or circumstances of the incident or facts learned during the School System's investigation.
In this instance, a parent, who was also a volunteer on occasion at McBean Elementary School, was observed several times wandering the halls of the school, making unauthorized visits and being in unauthorized places. To ensure a wholesome and safe school as well as address security concerns, the board has written guidelines for visitors. While the School System values and welcomes parents and visitors to the campus, it is a routine requirement that visitors sign in, abide by the general rules of the school, and refrain from disrupting the educational environment.
When the principal addressed these concerns with the parent, the parent made several inappropriate comments. Later, it was learned that the parent had posted online a copy of her permit to carry a concealed weapon.
To be proactive, the Systems Public Safety officials met with the parent. Following the meeting, including the receipt of additional information received from the parent, Public Safety advised the school and notified the parent that, going forward, she would follow a protocol in which she would receive advance permission from the school principal to be inside the school building and that the access points and destinations should be defined in advance.
The parent concurred with this revised process and stated that a zone exception would eliminate the need to return to McBean Elementary School; in any event, she agreed to comply with the protocol.
The parent did request and received a zone variance to allow her child to attend another school.
The principal was rightfully concerned about some comments made by the parent and by a posting on the internet. However, from the parent's perspective, the transfer fully resolved the matter.
The System has received several emails, mainly from out of state addresses, concerning the Second Amendment and the right to bear arms; however, such concerns are not relevant to the facts of this case.
The actions by the School principal were consistent with the position of the System to assure that children are protected, to monitor access to school sites, and to predetermine visitor destinations.
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Tech & Geek
Posts categorized "Gaming"
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