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9 January-15 January 2013
SVERT reported that a thermal anomaly was detected over Kudriavy, a stratovolcano of the Medvezhia volcanic complex, on 11 January. Strong steam-and-gas plumes were also observed.
Source: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT)
2013: January
9 January-15 January 2013
SVERT reported that a thermal anomaly was detected over Kudriavy, a stratovolcano of the Medvezhia volcanic complex, on 11 January. Strong steam-and-gas plumes were also observed.
Source: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT)
Reports are organized chronologically and indexed below by Month/Year (Publication Volume:Number), and include a one-line summary. Click on the index link or scroll down to read the reports.
12/1981 (SEAN 06:12) Intense fumarolic activity from the Kudriavy cone
04/1987 (SEAN 12:04) Intense fumarolic activity
03/1989 (SEAN 14:03) Gas emissions from Kudriavy cone rise 300-400 m
12/1992 (BGVN 17:12) Intense fumarolic activity
08/1995 (BGVN 20:10) Measurements of SO2 in Kudriavy plume
10/1999 (BGVN 24:10) Small phreatic eruption from the Kudriavy summit forms a new crater
12/1981 (SEAN 06:12) Intense fumarolic activity from the Kudriavy cone
The 20 September 1981 aerial inspection [of the volcanoes in the S and central Kuril Islands] revealed intense fumarolic activity at five sites in Kudriavy crater.
Information Contact: G. Steinberg, Sakhalin Complex Institute.
04/1987 (SEAN 12:04) Intense fumarolic activity
Intense activity from a few groups of fumaroles in Kudriavy's summit crater was occurring during a 6 November aerial survey. Sulfur deposits were noted around the fumaroles. East of the crater, on the outer dome slope, very intense gas emission (more active than in the crater) was observed.
Information Contacts: G. Steinberg and B. Piskunov, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.
03/1989 (SEAN 14:03) Gas emissions from Kudriavy cone rise 300-400 m
During a 14 January overflight, strong gas emission from Kudriavy's crater formed a cloud that reached 300-400 m above the summit. The inner part of the crater was not visible.
Information Contacts: G. Steinberg, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.
12/1992 (BGVN 17:12) Intense fumarolic activity
Fumarolic activity was intense during fieldwork in late 1992. The maximum fumarole temperature measured August-October 1992 was 910°C (figure 1), and rocks at 20-30 cm depth glowed red. CO2-rich gases were sampled in August 1990 (table 1).
|Figure 1. Sketch map of the summit area of the Kudriavy cone at Medvezhia, showing fumarole temperatures and elevations of some thermal features, August-October 1992. Contour interval is 10 m. Triangles mark collection sites for gas samples. The inset map shows Iturup Island, with locations of Kudriavy, Baransky, and Ivan Grozny volcanoes, plus the NE corner of neighboring Kunashir Island. Courtesy of G. Steinberg.
Table 1. Composition of fumarole gases from Kudriavy, August 1990, without N2, O2, or Ar. Sample localities are shown on figure 1. Analyses by U.A. Taran and U.A. Ignatorich. Data courtesy of G. Steinberg.
Sample 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Temp. (°C) 770 511 430 430 240 160 156 H2O (mole %) 96.0 96.1 96.7 95.6 96.4 81.5 78.8 Volume % of dry gas CO2 63.78 78.28 40.57 41.61 82.25 83.28 83.51 H2S 6.67 11.06 27.80 28.50 5.35 8.50 10.48 SO2 13.44 5.06 9.77 9.50 6.38 3.19 4.02 H2 8.98 1.56 8.53 8.33 0.08 0.23 0.15 HCl 6.52 4.00 13.11 11.30 2.52 0.06 1.17 HF 0.40 -- 0.69 0.65 0.29 0.01 0.15 CO 0.19 0.01 0.035 0.060 0 0 0 CH4 0 0.007 0.14 0.04 0.18 0.014 0.013
Information Contacts: G. Steinberg, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.
08/1995 (BGVN 20:10) Measurements of SO2 in Kudriavy plume
The Kudriavy cone at Medvezhia has been the subject of great interest since Korzhinsky and others (1994) discovered a pure rhenium sulfide mineral in its high-temperature (535°C) fumaroles. Given the concentration of Re found in gas samples (2-10 ppb), the occurrence of ReS2 or Re2S3 (exact form still uncertain) requires enrichment of Re by eight orders of magnitude. During a 21 August-5 September visit, Stan Williams, Tobias Fisher, and Russian colleagues made COSPEC measurements of SO2 flux. Gas samples were also collected from crater fumaroles.
The COSPEC was operated from the base camp (150 m elevation) 2.7 km SE of the elongate ENE-WSW summit (990 m elevation), while the wind velocity was measured at the summit using a hand-held anemometer. The first measurements were made on 28 August in vertically oriented stationary mode with the wind blowing the wide gas plume directly over the camp. Wind velocity was measured at 3 m/s and the plume was estimated to be rising only 50 m above the summit before being blown downwind. The flux was found to be 100 +- 20 metric tons/day (t/d) for the three measurements possible before the wind shifted to the SW, making any measurements essentially oblique to the plume axis, and therefore of great uncertainty. An occasional strong odor of H2S was detected at the camp during measurements.
During a crater visits on 29 and 31 August, and during a helicopter flight downwind in the plume, there was always a strong odor of H2S. Under clear skies on 31 August the wind carried the plume SW, allowing stationary mode vertical and horizontal measurements. One specific goal of the research was to quantify the output of the isolated fumarole fields with different temperatures, which was possible for part of the day. Wind velocity was measured at 3 m/s and the SO2 flux was calculated to be only 30 +- 10 t/d.
Kudriavy has been consistently degassing passively at high temperatures since at least 1961, when it was first visited by Russian scientists; annual fieldwork began in 1989. No change in activity was noted during this visit. At the low levels at which Kudriavy was found to be degassing, a realistic SO2 norm may be 75 +- 50 t/d, with the oscillations potentially reflecting meteoric conditions. These low-pressure fumaroles, some with temperatures up to 950°C, produced hissing to roaring to deafening levels of noise. There was more noise and higher flux than at Momotombo (Nicaragua), where 950°C fumaroles were studied through the early to mid-1980s by U.S. and Russian collaboration.
Reference. Korzhinsky, M.A., Tkachenko, S.I., Shmulovich, K.I., Taran, Y.A., and Steinberg, G.S., 1994, Discovery of a pure rhenium mineral at Kudriavy volcano: Nature, v. 369, p. 51-52.
Information Contacts: Stanley N. Williams and Tobias P. Fischer, Geology Dept., Arizona State University, Tempe AZ 85287, USA; Kirill I. Shmulovich and Mikhail A. Korzhinsky, Inst. of Experimental Mineralogy, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow District, Russia; Genrikh S. Steinberg, Inst. of Volcanology & Geodynamic ANSRF, 693008 Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Box 18, Russia.
10/1999 (BGVN 24:10) Small phreatic eruption from the Kudriavy summit forms a new crater
Changes in activity at the Kudriavy cone (figure 2) were detected in mid-September 1999, preceding an eruption on 7 October. Since 1989 the temperatures of sediments in the dry lakes within the crater (lakes temporarily exist after snow melting and strong rains) at a depth of 0.75 m have consistently fallen in the range of 48-82°C, with fluctuations of 3-5°C. In contrast, September 1999 measurements at the control points in the Hot Lake area showed increasing temperatures of 60-102°C. [These temperature measurements have been made 1-3 times each year.]
|Figure 2. Photograph of fumarolic plumes rising from the crater of the Kudriavy cone at Medvezhia, September-October 1999. Courtesy of G.S. Steinberg.
The weather in August, September, and October was unusually dry for the region, with rain only during 24-25 September and 2-3 October. A temperature survey of two lakes was made in September. Usually, lakes exist 1-2 days after rains, but the water in Hot Lake still covered more than half the area on 4 October. Temperatures in the dry part of the lake had increased by 14-22°C. The lake water close to the hot dome was boiling and seething due to gas emissions. [The hot dome is 150-170 m in diameter, rising 60-70 m above the bottom of Hot Lake to the W and 30-40 m above the bottom of the dry lake to the S.] On 5 October the diameter of the lake was 15 m. That day two channels were excavated to allow the water to drain so that sediment temperatures could be measured. The temperature increase in this newly drained area was more than 30°C. Fumarole gas compositions during the second part of September showed increased hydrogen, oxygen, and fluorine. Sulfur ignition was seen in some locations. The number of earthquakes also increased, and although the one-channel seismic station deployed was insufficient to determine any hypocenters, the elevated seismicity was obvious. District and province authorities were warned three days before the start of the 7 October eruption that Kudriavy was unstable and could erupt soon. [On the evening of 4 October the Governor of Sakhalin and the Mayor of Kurilsk were notified that activity at Kudriavy had rapidly increased and that an eruption was expected to begin during the week of 8-15 October, with possible stronger activity later in the month.]
From the base camp, 3.5 km W from the volcano, black and gray clouds of gas and ash were observed rising above the usual fumarolic plumes at 1735 on 7 October and then extending ~10 km NW. Ejections of gas and ash occurred at intervals of 1-2 minutes. Because of the strong winds, maximum altitude of ejections was 1,100 m. The upper camp was at 940 m elevation, 30-40 m from the crater edge and 300 m from Hot Lake (figure 3). Because of strong winds, bad visibility, and the low-intensity start of the eruption, volcanic tremor and gas-and-ash ejections were not noticed in the upper camp until 10 minutes after observers in the base camp saw the plume. Night observations showed that intense ejections stopped at 0200 on 8 October. Observations through the clouds of the N part of the crater revealed "slight reddish lights - reflected light of the hot rocks and blue lights - light of the burning sulfur" that marked the edges of a crater.
|Figure 3. Aerial photograph of the N part of the Kudriavy crater at Medvezhia showing the locations of the upper camp and the new explosion crater W of the hot lava dome during 7-8 October 1999. North is to the left. Courtesy of G.S. Steinberg.
No juvenile ash was identified, so the eruption was determined to be phreatic. This eruption was similar to a geyser eruption: periodic vertical ejection of the gas, ash, and steam. Ejecta didn't fall more than 30-40 m from the new crater. The surface of Hot Lake was covered by rocks with diameters of 20-30 cm, and ashfall deposits were concentrated to the NW. The volume of erupted material was nearly 40,000-45,000 m3. Areas with rhenium mineralization (see BGVN 20:10) located on the dome were not involved in the eruption or covered by eruption products. The first phase of the eruption was over on 13 October.
The eruption created a new crater in the Hot Lake area and removed part of the dome (figure 4). The crater was elliptical with dimensions of 30 x 40 m and a depth 35-40 m from the bottom of the lake and 80-110 m from the flat part of the dome (figure 5). The walls of the crater were vertical. In the lower part of the S crater wall was a 6 x 8 m cave of incandescent rocks. Based on the light intensity, the temperature was estimated to be higher than 1,000-1,100°C. Hot gas rose from this area and condensed 40-60 m above the edge of the crater. Small fiery areas and fragments with burning sulfur were seen on the S, W, and N walls. [Minor explosions continued from the cave until 13 October. Activity then declined, consisting of gas emissions with some small rock fragments that didn't reach the crater rim. No significant changes were noted through 2 November, when observations ended.]
|Figure 4. Photograph of the hot dome and dry lake area in the N part of the Kudriavy crater at Medvezhia prior to the 7-8 October 1999 eruption. Courtesy of G.S. Steinberg.
|Figure 5. Photograph of the 7-8 October 1999 crater adjacent to the hot dome in the N part of the Kudriavy crater at Medvezhia, October 1999. Courtesy of G.S. Steinberg.
Information Contact: Genrikh S. Steinberg, Institute of Volcanology and Geodynamics, Russian Academy of Natural Science, Box 18, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk 693008, Russia (Email: email@example.com).
The Moyorodake volcanic complex (also known as Medvezhia) occupies the NE end of Iturup (Etorofu) Island. Two overlapping calderas, 14 x 18 and 10 x 12 km in diameter, were formed during the Pleistocene. The caldera floor contains several lava domes, cinder cones and associated lava fields, and a small lake. Four small closely spaced stratovolcanoes were constructed along an E-W line on the eastern side of the complex. The easternmost and highest, Medvezhii, lies outside the western caldera, along the Pacific coast. Srednii, Tukap, and Kudriavy (Moyorodake) volcanoes lie immediately to the west. Historically active Moyorodake is younger than 2000 years; it and Tukap remain fumarolically active. The westernmost of the post-caldera cones, Menshoi Brat, is a large lava dome with flank scoria cones, one of which has produced a series of young lava flows up to 4.5 km long that reached Slavnoe Lake. Eruptions of Moyorodake have been documented since the 18th century, although lava flows from cinder cones on the flanks of Menshoi Brat were also probably erupted within the past few centuries.
Summary of Holocene eruption dates and Volcanic Explosivity Indices (VEI).
|Start Date
|Stop Date
|Eruption Certainty
|Activity Area or Unit
|1999 Oct 7
|1999 Oct 13
|Historical Observations
|Historical Observations
|[ 1946 ]
|[ Unknown ]
|1883 May
|1883 Jun
|Historical Observations
|1778 Dec 31 ± 365 days
|Historical Observations
This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.
|Medvezhii | Maioro
|Feature Name
|Feature Type
|Cinder cone
|Cinder cone
|1125 m
|991 m
|Cinder cone
|1113 m
Ainu Tukap
|960 m
|Cinder cone
|Feature Name
|Feature Type
Menshoi Brat
Menshiy Brat
|562 m
|Medvezhia, an eroded 8-km-wide caldera at the NE tip of Iturup Island, contains a complex of several cones and lava domes. Four closely spaced volcanic cones lie on an E-W line. The easternmost and highest, Medvezhii cone (upper left), lies outside the caldera, along the Pacific coast. Srednii cone (center), which has produced lava flows that reached the coast, is located immediately to the west. The slightly lower, historically active Kudriavy cone (right center) has fed youthful-looking lava flows that reach the caldera wall.
Photo by T. Vendelin, 1990, (courtesy of Genrich Steinberg, Institute for Marine Geology and Geophysics, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk).
|Youthful-looking lava flows, many with prominent marginal levees, descend the west flank of Kudriavy, a post-caldera cone of Medvezhia caldera. Kudriavy, one of four cones constructed along an E-W line, is capped by two shallow craters. The western crater has fed a prominent, thick lava flow, and numerous other lava flows blanket the flanks of the cone and extend 2-3 km to the caldera walls. Kudriavy is the only historically active center on Medvezhia; it produced eruptions in 1778 or 1779, 1883, and 1958.
Photo by T. Vendelin, 1990 (courtesy of Genrich Steinberg, Institute for Marine Geology and Geophysics, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk).
The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography. Discussion of another volcano or eruption (sometimes far from the one that is the subject of the manuscript) may produce a citation that is not at all apparent from the title.
Botcharnikov R E, Shmulovich K I, Tkachenko S I, Korzhinsky M A, Rybin A V, 2003. Hydrogen isotope geochemistry and heat balance of a fumarolic system: Kudriavy volcano, Kuriles. J Volc Geotherm Res, 124: 45-66.
Ermakov V A, Steinberg G S, 1999. Kudryavyi volcano and the evolution of Medveshiya caldera (Iturup I., Kuril Is.). Volc Seism, 21: 307-338 (English translation).
Gorshkov G S, 1958. Kurile Islands. Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields, Rome: IAVCEI, 7: 1-99.
Gorshkov G S, 1970. Volcanism and the Upper Mantle; Investigations in the Kurile Island Arc. New York: Plenum Publishing Corp, 385 p.
Japan Meteorological Agency, 1996. National Catalogue of the Active Volcanoes in Japan (second edition). Tokyo: Japan Meteorological Agency, 502 p (in Japanese).
Japan Meteorological Agency, 2013. National Catalogue of the Active Volcanoes in Japan (fourth edition, English version). Japan Meteorological Agency.
Vlasov G M, 1967. Kamchatka, Kuril, and Komandorskiye Islands: geological description. In: {Geol of the USSR}, Moscow, 31: 1-827.


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Definition of macramé in English:
macraméLine breaks: mac|ramé
Pronunciation: /məˈkrɑːmi , -meɪ/
noun[mass noun]
1The art of knotting string in patterns to make decorative articles.
More example sentences
- The exhibition featured bobbin lace, patchwork and quilting, cross stitch, canvas work embroidery, macramé, and even miniature furniture.
- You know something's a trend when the most fashionable street in Islington, north London, opens a knitting shop, whose classes are booked out weeks in advance and whose clientèle is more Miu Miu than macramé.
- I mean, there are people on LJ who like macramé, for heaven's sake.
1.1 [usually as modifier] Articles made using macramé: spider plants dangled in macramé plant holders
More example sentences
- She caught his glance and smiled briefly, and looked back at Gertrude who was talking heatedly about embroidered doilies and macramé plant holders.
- Erica Jong cannot, as far as we know, be held responsible for white spandex or macramé pot holders.
- The rustic chair and stools, the country-style ceramic pig cookie-jar on the counter, and the macramé shade over the table all contribute to this feeling of casual comfort.
mid 19th century: French, from Turkish makrama 'tablecloth or towel', from Arabic miqrama 'bedspread'.
Definition of macramé in:
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- The Spanish dictionary
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Word of the day animalcule
Pronunciation: ˌanəˈmalˌkyo͞ol
a microscopic animal


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Light Pollution and the Palomar Observatory
Milky Way over Palomar photo by Wally Pacholka of AstroPics.com
What is Light pollution? Light pollution is any adverse effect of light caused by society.
Light pollution is an increasing problem for observatories everywhere. One of the reasons Palomar Mountain was selected as the site for the 200-inch telescope was its dark skies that would allow observation of the faintest galaxies without the interference of city lights. Since 1934, rapid urbanization of southern California has resulted in a significant increase in the amount of sky glow. If such light pollution continues to increase, it will seriously reduce the effectiveness of the Palomar Observatory for many types of research.
Caltech and the Palomar Observatory have worked with and will continue to work with City, County, & Tribal governments to diminish the effects of local light pollution.
|This simulation (3.6 mb) shows how the increase of light pollution over time makes the night sky harder and harder to see -- not only for astronomers working at Palomar, but for everyone all over the Southern California region.
Nighttime Panorama from Palomar Observatory
This partial panorama looks southwest (left), through north (center, towards the 200" dome), to northeast (right). It reveals the sky glow caused by lights in San Diego County (left), Riverside County (center) and Palm Springs (right). Photographed February 4, 2005
Model Lighting Ordinance from the International Dark-Sky Association and the Illuminating Engineering Society
Why Astronomers Love Low-Pressure Sodium Lighting
Sky Preservation at Palomar Observatory (Published in 1991, but still holds true today.)
Lighting information for local home owners. (Adobe Acrobat file)
Replacing a Perfectly Good Bad Light (Adobe Acrobat file) Obtrusive Lighting Complaint Form for San Diego County
What can you do to help control light pollution in your area?
California Title-24 Energy Requirements & Standards for Outdoor Lighting and Signs
County Ordinances:
Riverside County's Light Pollution Ordinance (No. 655)
San Diego County's Light Pollution Ordinance - Choose "Frames" or "No Frames" and then put "light pollution" into the search window
San Diego County's Dark Skies and Glare Guidelines for Determining
Significance (Draft Version)
San Diego county light zone map
City Ordinances Within San Diego County:
City of Chula Vista - Updated link
City of Escondido - Article 35 Outdoor Lighting Ordinance
Reducing Outdoor Retail Lighting - a brochure from the Escondido
Police Department
City of Imperial Beach Lighting Regulations City of Oceanside Light Pollution Regulations - Chapter 39
City of Poway 17.08.220 Section L
City of San Diego Lighting Code
City of San Marcos (search for lighting in the document)
City of Vista (pages 10 - 13)
City Ordinances within Riverside County:
City of Murrieta's Mount Palomar Lighting Standards (16.18.110)
or visit
http://www.amlegal.com/library/ca/murrieta.shtml, choose frames or no
frames and enter 'Palomar' in the search window.
The City of Temecula adheres to Riverside County's Light Pollution Ordinance (No. 655)
Learn more about light pollution:
Visibility, environmental, and Astronomical Issues Associated with Blue-Rich
White Outdoor Lighting and
Seeing Blue - a less technical article on the effects of blue-rich
white outdoor light
Star Parties & Observing the Night Sky:
- Also see their evening tours of Palomar Observatory
News Stories
Palomar Sky Brightness Data collected by the National Park Service Night Sky Team on March 24, 2006.


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Since she is now committed to her health and fitness, Kharma has now launched a diet website (fit4alldiet.com). The site does not include a lot of details, but it appears to be an affiliate program, where you can log in to your account.
In a bit of news that will be troublesome to fans who are concerned with his health, Kurt Angle has postponed surgery on his knees. He was initially supposed to go under the knife in January, but pushed that back to work the European tour with TNA, and there's talks that he might postpost it even further than that.
"So Punk allegedly walked out & quit WWE. Interesting. It's impossible 2 understand the toll that job can have on you-unless you've lived it. A 'screw you' from Punk? NO. Punk's gotta prioritize his own sanity & health. Sometimes WWE isn't conducive to those two things. From my experience- When you're in constant physical pain, frustrated the majority of the time, & resent what u love, things have to change."
- Matt Hardy defending CM Punk for leaving WWE
In 2005, WWE offered Terry Funk a contract to work the One Night Stand pay per view, which was an ECW reunion show, but the legendary performer opted to reject that deal, in order to work Hardcore Homecoming, an independent wrestling show held by Shane Douglas.
Former NWA World Heavyweight Champion and Texas legend Terry Funk was recently brought in to work as a guest trainer at the WWE Performance Center.
Sean Waltman needed to get stitches after a match against Terry Funk at a House of Hardcore show.


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Sorry OOC was kinda busy and having problems! Will back (slowly) to reply stuff!
I will reopen ask-box but keep in mind that I have more than 100 questions and this may take kinda time for a slow-chubby-pony ; v ; I may don't reply all but I read all! They are all very important!!
Thanks for the loooooove! … and the bananas!


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All eyes at Redstone Arsenal were on the Pentagon Friday, where Robert Hale, Under Secretary of Defense, held a press conference detailing the Department of Defense's plan for a possible government shutdown.
"If DOD's appropriations lapse, we can only conduct limited activities specifically authorized by law," said Hale.
Those excepted activities include the support of specific military operations and emergency services. Hale said the lapse in funds would mean furloughs for civilian employees not a part of those operations.
"Civilian workers who do not primarily support these excepted activities would be placed in a non-duty, non-pay status on an emergency no-notice basis," Hale said.
At Redstone Arsenal, there are some 37,000 employees. Of those, about 20,000 are civilian and 16,000 are contractors who could be affected by the furloughs.
As those folks stand by to see what will happen, leaders across the Arsenal are preparing to implement a shutdown. Over at Aviation and Missile Command, about 95 percent of the workforce is civilian.
"We are going through a very deliberate planning process and the war fighter is our number one concern. We want to make sure we maintain the best support possible for those soldiers who are out there in harm's way," said Colonel Jay Macklin, AMCOM Chief of Staff.
Military members will not be furloughed, and support for key military operations will continue. But a government shutdown followed by furloughs will disrupt many support activities such as training, maintenance, and new contracts.
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text: The acts of the last few days by the Egyptian military are completely unconscionable and I do believe we have to change our aid. I think also we have to have included in the legislation a national security waiver because we have to give the president not only the responsibility to deal with the government of Egypt but also flexibility.Sen. Jack Reed (D-RI) • Discussing the idea of cutting U.S. aid to the Egyptian government in the wake of this week's political unrest in the country. He's not alone; Sen. Kelly Ayotte (R-NH) has also suggested cutting aid, while Sen. Bob Corker (R-TN) is in favor of recalibrating it.


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28 U.S. Code § 1861 - Declaration of policy
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It is the policy of the United States that all litigants in Federal courts entitled to trial by jury shall have the right to grand and petit juries selected at random from a fair cross section of the community in the district or division wherein the court convenes. It is further the policy of the United States that all citizens shall have the opportunity to be considered for service on grand and petit juries in the district courts of the United States, and shall have an obligation to serve as jurors when summoned for that purpose.
Source(June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 951; Pub. L. 85–315, part V, § 152,Sept. 9, 1957, 71 Stat. 638; Pub. L. 90–274, § 101,Mar. 27, 1968, 82 Stat. 54.)
Historical and Revision Notes
Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §§ 411 and 415 (Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, §§ 275, 278,38 Stat. 1164, 1165).
The revised section prescribes uniform standards of qualification for jurors in Federal Courts instead of making qualifications depend upon State laws. This is in accord with proposed legislation recommended by the Judicial Conference of the United States.
The last paragraph is added to exclude jurors incompetent to serve as jurors in State courts.
1968—Pub. L. 90–274substituted provisions declaring the policy of the United States with respect to trial by jury and the opportunity to serve on such juries for provisions setting out the required qualifications of Federal jurors, including age, citizenship, residence, freedom from conviction of certain crimes, ability to read, write, speak, and understand the English language, and capability of rendering efficient jury service.
1957—Pub. L. 85–315substituted "Qualifications of Federal jurors" for "Qualifications" in section catchline.
Pub. L. 85–315substituted "and who has resided for a period of one year within the judicial district" for "and resides within the judicial district", and struck out provisions which prohibited service as a grand or petit juror if a person was incompetent to serve as a grand or petit juror by the law of the State in which the district court is held.
Effective Date of 1968 Amendment
Pub. L. 90–274, § 104,Mar. 27, 1968, 82 Stat. 63, provided that: "This Act [amending this section and sections 1821, 1862 to 1869, and 1871 of this title, repealing section 867 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] shall become effective two hundred and seventy days after the date of enactment [Mar. 27, 1968]: Provided, That this Act shall not apply in any case in which an indictment has been returned or petit jury empaneled prior to such effective date."
Short Title of 1978 Amendment
Pub. L. 95–572, § 1,Nov. 2, 1978, 92 Stat. 2453, provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 1363 and 1875 of this title, amending sections 1863, 1865, 1866, 1869, and 1871 of this title, renumbering section 1363 (relating to construction of references to laws of the United States or Acts of Congress) as section 1364 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1363 of this title] may be cited as the 'Jury System Improvements Act of 1978'."
Short Title
Pub. L. 90–274, § 1,Mar. 27, 1968, 82 Stat. 53, provided: "That this Act [amending this section and sections 1821, 1862 to 1869, and 1871 of this title, repealing section 867 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the 'Jury Selection and Service Act of 1968'."
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text:
Six scientists on the forefront of psoriatic disease research each received a two-year, $200,000 Translational Research Grant from the National Psoriasis Foundation. The grants, totaling $1.2 million, support projects that move laboratory or clinical discoveries into work that benefits patients.
Read more about Psoriasis Foundation research »
May 15, 2012


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The Law Offices of Tara Burd is a civil law and litigation firm principally located in San Diego, California. We are attorneys and counselors of law who believe in building relationships with our clients through honest and direct communication and dependability. Our firm offers a broad range of civil law and civil litigation legal services focused primarily on breach of contract issues.
Breach of contract litigation involves more than a written contract. Verbal agreements, accounts stated, and open book accounting are also a basis for a breach of contract claim. In construction law, this relates to extra work change orders, scope of work disputes, payment bonds, performance bonds, stop notices, and mechanics liens. In employment law, we help employers and employees avoid litigation in addition to pursuing civil litigation claims for wrongful termination and unpaid overtime wages. Breach of contract claims may also include pursuing civil law judgments by way of litigation to collect on behalf of a homeowner's association, or evict a tenant and collect for failure to pay rent. If you believe you may have a breach of contract claim, do not hesitate to contact an attorney who understands breach of contract issues and can help you decide how to best pursue or defend a potential breach of contract claim.
For a civil litigation attorney who handles and understands construction law litigation, employment law litigation and other civil law breach of contract related issues, contact the Law Offices of Tara Burd today to protect or defend against your legal claims.


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Mission Statement
Westlake Porter Public Library's mission is to educate, empower, engage, enlighten and excite by serving as a premier knowledge provider, a family activity center, and Westlake's information and community commons.
|Meeting date(s)
|Finance Committee Meeting
|Tue, 11/05/2013 - 6:30pm
|Finance Committee Meeting July 15, 2013
|Mon, 07/15/2013 (All day)
Meeting dates in 2013
|January 23 at 6:30 p.m.
|July 17 at 6:30 p.m.
|February 20 at 6:30 p.m.
|March 20 at 6:30 p.m.
|September 18 at 6:30 p.m.
|April 24 at 6:30 p.m.; Special Meeting
|October 16 at 6:30 p.m.
|May 15 at 6:30 p.m.
|November 20 at 6:30 p.m.
|June 19 at 6:30 p.m.
|December 18 at 6:30 p.m.
Library Board meetings fall under the "sunshine laws" of Ohio and are open to the public. Public guests are welcome at any regular Board meeting. Dates for this calendar year are provided here.
It is highly recommended, however, that individuals considering attending a meeting call in advance to verify the date, time, and location. Occasionally, changes to the schedule are made to accommodate other library priorities.
To verify dates and times please call the Administrative office at: (440) 250-5451.


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12 U.S. Code § 2501 - Congressional findings and declaration of purpose
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The Congress finds and declares that—
(1) the books and records of banking and financial organizations and business associations engaged in issuing and selling money orders and traveler's checks do not, as a matter of business practice, show the last known addresses of purchasers of such instruments;
(2) a substantial majority of such purchasers reside in the States where such instruments are purchased;
(3) the States wherein the purchasers of money orders and traveler's checks reside should, as a matter of equity among the several States, be entitled to the proceeds of such instruments in the event of abandonment;
(4) it is a burden on interstate commerce that the proceeds of such instruments are not being distributed to the States entitled thereto; and
Source(Pub. L. 93–495, title VI, § 601,Oct. 28, 1974, 88 Stat. 1525.)
Applicability to Sums Payable on Money Orders, Etc., Deemed Abandoned on or After February 1, 1965; Exception
Pub. L. 93–495, title VI, § 604,Oct. 28, 1974, 88 Stat. 1526, provided that: "This title [enacting this chapter] shall be applicable to sums payable on money orders, traveler's checks, and similar written instruments deemed abandoned on or after February 1, 1965, except to the extent that such sums have been paid over to a State prior to January 1, 1974."
The table below lists the classification updates, since Jan. 3, 2012, for this section. Updates to a broader range of sections may be found at the update page for containing chapter, title, etc.
The most recent Classification Table update that we have noticed was Tuesday, August 13, 2013
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text:
A Word to the Wise
Check the flavor of your protein before buying it!
I ran out of protein I leave at work, so I made a quick stop at the store. I had chocolate, so I wanted to change to vanilla. I was in a hurry and picked the bottle right next to the chocolate with a white powder in the picture. I opened it up and it didn't have much smell and it was white. I mixed it up and took a sip…
It was so tart! I thought it may have gone bad. I almost spit it out. I looked on the bottle "Orange Creme." I don't like the taste at all. Now that I see orange creme I can kinda taste it (or as close as a protein isolate can get.) But since I was expecting vanilla it just caught me so off guard.
I used 2 servings I have 31 servings left (about 15 work days, so 3 weeks) until I can get something new. Blah!


text:
13 9 / 2012
Creating .webm video from getUserMedia()
There's a ton of motivation for being able to record live video. One scenario: you're capturing video from the webcam. You add some post-production touchups in your favorite online video editing suite. You upload the final product to YouTube and share it out to friends. Stardom proceeds.
MediaStreamRecorder is a WebRTC API for recording
getUserMedia() streams (example code). It allows web apps to create a file from a live audio/video session.
MediaStreamRecorder is currently unimplemented in the Chrome. However, all is not lost thanks to Whammy.js. Whammy is a library that encodes .webm video from a list of .webp images, each represented as dataURLs.
As a proof of concept, I've created a demo that captures live video from the webcam and creates a .webm file from it.
The demo also uses a[download] to let users download their file.Creating webp images from
The first step is to feed
getUserMedia() data into a
<video> element:
var video = document.querySelector('video');
video.autoplay = true; // Make sure we're not frozen!
// Note: not using vendor prefixes!
navigator.getUserMedia({video: true}, function(stream) {
video.src = window.URL.createObjectURL(stream);
}, function(e) {
Next, draw an individual video frame into a
var canvas = document.querySelector('canvas');
ctx.drawImage(video, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
Chrome supports
canvas.toDataURL("image/webp"). This allows us to read back the
<canvas> as a .webp image and encode is as a dataURL, all in one swoop:
var url = canvas.toDataURL('image/webp', 1); // Second param is quality.
Since this only gives us an single frame, we need to repeat the draw/read pattern using a
requestAnimationFrame() loop. That'll give us webp frames at 60fps:
var rafId;
var frames = [];
var CANVAS_WIDTH = canvas.width;
var CANVAS_HEIGHT = canvas.height;
function drawVideoFrame(time) {
rafId = requestAnimationFrame(drawVideoFrame);
ctx.drawImage(video, 0, 0, CANVAS_WIDTH, CANVAS_HEIGHT);
frames.push(canvas.toDataURL('image/webp', 1));
rafId = requestAnimationFrame(drawVideoFrame); // Note: not using vendor prefixes!
The last step is to bring in Whammy. The library includes a static method
fromImageArray() that creates a
Blob (file) from an array of dataURLs. Perfect! That's just what we have.
Let's package all of this goodness up in a
stop() method:
function stop() {
cancelAnimationFrame(rafId); // Note: not using vendor prefixes!
// 2nd param: framerate for the video file.
var webmBlob = Whammy.fromImageArray(frames, 1000 / 60);
var video = document.createElement('video');
video.src = window.URL.createObjectURL(webmBlob);
stop() is called, the
requestAnimationFrame() recursion is terminated and the .webm file is created.
Encoding webp images using
canvas.toDataURL('image/webp') takes ~120ms on my MBP. When you do something crazy like this in
requestAnimationFrame() callback, the framerate of the live
getUserMedia() video stream noticeably drops. It's too much for the UI thread to handle.
Having the browser encode webp in C++ is far faster than encoding the .webp image in JS.
My tests using libwebpjs in a Web Worker were horrendously slow. The idea was to each frame as a
Uint8ClampedArray (raw pixel arrays), save them in an array, and
postMessage() that data to the Worker. The worker was responsible for encoding each pixel array into webp. The whole process took up to 20+ seconds to encode a single second's worth of video. Not worth it.
It's too bad
CanvasRenderingContext2D doesn't exist in the Web Worker context. That would solved a lot of the perf issues.
Permalink 10 notes
08 9 / 2012
Mashups using CORS and responseType='document'
I always forget that you can request a resource as a
Document using XHR2. Combine this with CORS and things get pretty nice. No need to parse HTML strings and turn them into DOM yourself.
For html5rocks.com, we support CORS on all of our content. It's trivial to pull down the tutorials page and query the DOM directly using
querySelectorAll() on the XHR's response.
Demo: http://jsbin.com/ibepag/1
Permalink 3 notes
06 8 / 2012
Five things you didn't know the web could do
It's been awhile since my last blog post. That's because I've been busy writing articles all over the web! Check out my post on netmagazine, "Five things you didn't know the web could do".
Permalink 2 notes
23 5 / 2012
Data Binding Using data-* Attributes
data-* attributes in HTML5 are pretty rad. They're especially handy for stashing small amounts of data and retaining minimal state on the DOM. Turns out, they can also be used for one-way data binding!
I've been using a nifty trick in recent projects that I thought would be worth sharing. The technique is to use a data attribute to store values (i.e. the data model) and
:after pseudo elements to render the values as generated content (i.e. the view). I call it "poor man's data binding" because it's not true data binding in the traditional sense, but the semantics are similar. Count it!
Here we go:
input {
vertical-align: middle;
margin: 2em;
font-size: 14px;
height: 20px;
input::after {
content: attr(data-value) '/' attr(max);
position: relative;
left: 135px;
top: -20px;
<input type="range" min="0" max="100" value="25">
var input = document.querySelector('input');
input.dataset.value = input.value; // Set an initial value.
input.addEventListener('change', function(e) {
this.dataset.value = this.value;
Notice the
25/100 updates as you move the slider, but the
<input> is the only markup on the page.
The magic line is the
content: attr(data-value) '/' attr(max). It uses CSS
attr() to pull out the
data-value and
max attributes; both set using markup on the
<input>. As those values change, the generated content is automatically updated. Sick data binding bro.
Really the only benefit of this technique is that we're not including extraneous markup. For comparison, here's the same gig, but using an extra element:
<input type="range" min="0" max="100" value="25">
var input = document.querySelector('input');
input.addEventListener('change', function(e) {
document.querySelector('span').textContent = this.value + '/' + this.max;
Less elegant, but it works.
Last but not least, here's a more complex example that uses CSS transitions to change the height of a
div container when clicked. As the height changes,
requestAnimationFrame() updates the
data-height of the
div and the pseudo element picks that up.
I'm sure if HTML was conceived in the age of web apps, we'd have proper DOM/JS data binding by now. Fortunately, initiatives like MDV and Web Components are on their way. One day this stuff will be a reality and native to HTML!
Data binding is a technique for automatically synchronizing data between two sources. On the web, data binding typically manifests itself as updating DOM (UI) in response to events: XHRs, user input, or other business logic doing its thing. Take the canonical todo list for example. When I mark an item as done, the completed count increments. When it's unchecked, the count decrements. That's data binding!
If you want true two-way data binding, checkout one of the popular MVC frameworks like Angular, Knockout, or Ember.
Permalink 17 notes
23 4 / 2012
idb.filesystem.js - Bringing the HTML5 Filesystem API to More Browsers
The HTML5 Filesystem API is a versatile API that addresses many of the uses cases that the other offline APIs don't. It can remedy their shortcomings, like making it difficult to dynamically caching a page. I'm looking at you AppCache!
My ♥ for the API is deep—so much so that I wrote a book and released a library called filer.js to help promote its adoption. While filer aims to make the API more consumable, it fails to address the elephant in the room: browser support.
Introducing idb.filesystem.js
Today, I'm happy to bring the HTML5 Filesystem API to more browsers by releasing idb.filesystem.js.
I've thrown together two demo apps to demonstrate the library's usage. The first is a basic example. It allows you to create empty files/folders, drag files into the app from the desktop, and navigate into a folder or preview a file by clicking its name:Try the demo in Firefox 11+
Want to use filer.js's API with idb.filesystem.js? No problem. 90% of filer.js works out of the box with idb.filesystem.js. In fact, the second demo is a slightly modified version of filer.js's playground app, showing that the two libraries can work in harmony. \m/
What's exciting is that both of these apps work in FF, Chrome, and presumably other browsers that implement storing binary data in IndexedDB.
I look forward to your feedback and pull requests!
Permalink 19 notes
27 12 / 2011
Introducing filer.js
Some 1300+ lines of code, 106 tests, and a year after I first started it, I'm happy to officially unleash filer.js (https://github.com/ebidel/filer.js); a wrapper library for the HTML5 Filesystem API.
Unlike other libraries [1, 2], filer.js takes a different approach and incorporates some lessons I learned while implementing the Google Docs Python client library. Namely, the library reuses familiar UNIX commands (
rm) for its API. My goal was to a.) make the HTML5 API more approachable for developers that have done file I/O in other languages, and b.) make repetitive operations (renaming, moving, duplicating) easier.
So, say you wanted to list the files in a given folder. There's an
ls() for that:
var filer = new Filer();
filer.init({size: 1024 * 1024}, onInit.bind(filer), onError);
function onInit(fs) {
filer.ls('/', function(entries) {
// entries is an Array of file/directories in the root folder.
}, onError);
function onError(e) { ... }
A majority of filer.js calls are asynchronous. That's because the underlying HTML5 API is also asynchronous. However, the library is extremely versatile and tries to be your friend whenever possible. In most cases, callbacks are optional. filer.js is also good at accepting multiple types when working with entries. It accepts entries as string paths, filesystem: URLs, or as the
DirectoryEntry object.
For example,
ls() is happy to take your filesystem: URL or your
// These will produce the same results.
filer.ls(filer.fs.root.toURL(), function(entries) { ... });
filer.ls(filer.fs.root, function(entries) { ... });
filer.ls('/', function(entries) { ... });
The library clocks in at 24kb (5.6kb compressed). I've thrown together a complete sample app to demonstrate most of filer.js's functionality:Try the DEMO
Lastly, there's room for improvement:
- Incorporate Chrome's Quota Management API
- Make usage in Web Workers more friendly (there is a synchronous API).
I look forward to your feedback and pull requests!
Permalink 44 notes
28 11 / 2011
Web Audio API how-to: Playing audio based on user interaction
One thing the Web Audio API does particularly well is play sound. Of course, this is something you'd expect from an audio API :). That said, the API is complex and it's not immediately obvious on the best way to do something simple like load a sound file and play it based on a button click. That task alone can involve a number of new platform features likes XHR2,
FileReader API, and
So…I threw together a quick example on how to load a audio file and play/stop it based on the user clicking a button:
<!DOCTYPE html>

<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="chrome=1" />
<title>Web Audio API: Simple load + play</title>

Example of using the Web Audio API to load a sound file
and start playing on user-click.

<input type="file" accept="audio/*">
<button onclick="playSound()" disabled>Start</button>
<button onclick="stopSound()" disabled>Stop</button>
var context = new window.webkitAudioContext();
var source = null;
var audioBuffer = null;
function stopSound() {
if (source) {
function playSound() {
// source is global so we can call .noteOff() later.
source = context.createBufferSource();
source.buffer = audioBuffer;
source.loop = false;
source.noteOn(0); // Play immediately.
function initSound(arrayBuffer) {
context.decodeAudioData(arrayBuffer, function(buffer) {
// audioBuffer is global to reuse the decoded audio later.
audioBuffer = buffer;
var buttons = document.querySelectorAll('button');
buttons[0].disabled = false;
buttons[1].disabled = false;
}, function(e) {
console.log('Error decoding file', e);
// User selects file, read it as an ArrayBuffer and pass to the API.
var fileInput = document.querySelector('input[type="file"]');
fileInput.addEventListener('change', function(e) {
var reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = function(e) {
}, false);
// Load file from a URL as an ArrayBuffer.
// Example: loading via xhr2: loadSoundFile('sounds/test.mp3');
function loadSoundFile(url) {
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('GET', url, true);
xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';
xhr.onload = function(e) {
initSound(this.response); // this.response is an ArrayBuffer.
As you can see, this example includes two different ways to get an audio file into the Web Audio API: via an
<input type="file"> and an
XMLHttpRequest. Both methods call
initSound(), which is passed an
ArrayBuffer containing the audio file. That method then decodes the audio and stores the result in a global variable (so it can be reused as play/stop are pressed).
That's it! Straightforward once you see it, right!?
Permalink 2 notes
01 8 / 2011
Reading .mp3 ID3 tags in JavaScript
For a recent project, I needed to read an .mp3's ID3 metadata (song title, artist, year, album) in pure JS. The idea was to have the user select a song file, and boom!, its info would display to the user. Good news…totally easy with the
FileReader API and JS typed arrays.
Initially, I did a quick search to find some examples, but all of the examples I found used older techniques like manipulating a binary string. Ugh! We have better tools now for working with binary data in JS. Typed arrays to the rescue, specifically
DataView is a cousin to
ArrayBufferView, which is a "view" of a portion of an
ArrayBuffer. Array buffers represent chunks of bytes in memory. Multiple views can be created from a single
ArrayBuffer. For example, one could create a
Int8Array and a
Float32Array from the same underlying data. Hence, "views". This property makes them extremely versatile for binary data.
For my purposes,
DataView turned out to be a perfect container for pulling sections of bytes as a string. However, I found the API to be a bit unintuitive in practice. Fortunately, I stumbled upon Christopher Chedeau's jDataView a while back and things started making sense. jDataView is an excellent wrapper for
DataView, improving much of its jankiness and adding a few extra utility methods for things like seeking and getting at data (e.g.
Here's all the code that I needed:
document.querySelector('input[type="file"]').onchange = function(e) {
var reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = function(e) {
var dv = new jDataView(this.result);
// "TAG" starts at byte -128 from EOF.
// See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ID3
if (dv.getString(3, dv.byteLength - 128) == 'TAG') {
var title = dv.getString(30, dv.tell());
var artist = dv.getString(30, dv.tell());
var album = dv.getString(30, dv.tell());
var year = dv.getString(4, dv.tell());
} else {
// no ID3v1 data found.
Pretty slick.
DataView is implemented in Chrome 9+ and Webkit nightlies. However, jDataView provides the
DataView API for all the browsers using the best available option between Strings, JS typed arrays, and
Permalink 9 notes
28 7 / 2011
Permalink 10 notes


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Nov 05, 2012 | 12:23 PM
| Andrea Hotter
electronic trading,
trading platforms,
Hurricane Sandy,
LME Select,
INTL FCSTone,
Fred Demler
Andrea Hotter
NEW YORK At a time when automation has led many to predict the demise of the trading floor, natural disasters, such as Hurricane Sandy, provide a bracing reminder of the crucial role humans play in the market.
When the New York Stock Exchange was forced to close Monday and Tuesday of last week, it was the first time weather had shuttered the market for two consecutive days since 1888.
But electronic trading markets in the United States were also paralyzed by the hurricane, with the decision taken to close them along with the open outcrypits.
And it wasnt the electronic systems that started up again with skeleton service on Tuesday. It was the staff at the brokerages and banks.
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Are you stocking more inventory today than 18 months ago?
We actually don't know who his investors are. At the point when we are ready, we will investigate further. There are just so many things to handle and there are a lot of items to be considered with the project."
-- Charles C. Mitchell, Barstow city manager


text:
Governor marries Doylestown widow -
Pennsylvania got a new First Lady at noon Wednesday when Doylestown's pretty widow, Mrs. Emily Radcliffe Case, became the wife of Governor Arthur H. James at a simple but impressive ceremony in the Doylestown Presbyterian Church.
Close to 200 people, including the highest political dignitaries of Pennsylvania, members of Governor James' cabinet, friends of the bride from Ithaca and other places in New York State, and a number of Doylestown folks, most of them friends of the bride since girlhood, attended the ceremony.
Admission was by card only, and a long line of Pennsylvania Motor Police saw to it that no locals "crashed the gate." Two plainclothes men at the entrance to the church did the rest.
The ceremony was performed by Rev. William E. Steckel, retired Presbyterian minister from New Ipswich, New Hampshire, who some years ago married Mrs. Case the first time she became a bride, to Dr. Claude Case, who died January 27, 1934. Rev. Steckel was assisted by the pastor of the church, Rev. Meyer M. Hostetter.
The silvery haired and attractive bride wore a plain blue silk Jersey dress, v-necked, with a jeweled belt and hat to match. Mrs. Case also wore the Governor's gift corsage of white orchids. The 58-year-old Governor, a widower, wore the conventional cutaway and striped trousers.
Rev. Hostetter opened the impressive wedding ceremony concerning the nature of the occasion and followed with a prayer. Dr. Steckel then followed with the main part of the ceremony, including the speaking of the vows. In the Presbyterian wedding ceremony, the "obey" has been eliminated.
After the ceremony, about eighty of the persons who witnessed the ceremony attended the reception at the home of the bride's mother and sister on East Ashland street, where Attorney General Claude Reno gave a toast to the bride.
The Doylestown Public School let out about 15 minutes before the ceremony got under way at noon, and many of the thousand boys and girls in attendance got what perhaps is their first and last glimpse of the Governor and his bride as they entered and left the church.
Pearl Buck speaks on origins of war -
Mrs. Pearl S. Buck, celebrated writer, spoke on the origins of the present war to 300 women at a meeting of the Village Improvement Association on Monday evening in Doylestown.
Mrs. James M. Shellenberger, a past president, presented Mrs. Buck, who looked lovely in a white, long gown and wore a beautiful corsage.
The internationally known novelist, who has been living near Dublin, Bucks county, for about seven years, said the war began in the Far East in Korea, which was the stepping stone to this tremendous worldwide struggle we are now in.
"Korea, sensing that 'somebody' wanted some of her land--and that 'somebody' was Japan--made treaties with anyone who would make a treaty with her," said Mrs. Buck. "In 1905, the treaty which had been made with the United States prior to that for help in case she needed it, was broken thoughtlessly by us when Japan swept down into Korea.
"That was the beginning of the peculiar tyrannical war we are now facing. China, much like Korea, sensed that some day Japan would fall against her just as she did, and China is fighting and struggling for her life today.
"The rise of tyranny in the world began from the 16th century on, and just as nobody came to Korea's aid although she had treaties with nearly every country, so China realizes that no one comes to anyone's aid unless it is for his or her own good," said Mrs. Buck.
"The leaders of Japan, Germany and Italy are more alike than you would imagine. They visit each other socially, they read the same books and made the same plans for the world.
"When historians look back at this period in history, they will say of our age that it contained the greatest period of war, human destruction and the breakdown of national barriers, but they will also say that it is the first time in the history of the world that human beings came nearest to understanding other peoples," said Mrs. Buck.
"Today, people are not only fighting people in other nations, but they fighting their own people within their own nation. There are tyrants in every land, and some of the people in Germany are waiting to be free to fight the tyrants in their own land."
Bikes jam borough school grounds -
With more and more bikes being ridden to school, the Doylestown Public School is experiencing a parking problem, which has threatened to become a headache for the bicycle commuters unless the pupils cooperate.
Supervising Principal [Superintendent] J. Leonard Haldeman said Wednesday that the school is not equipped to handle nearly 100 bicycles, although the school board has provided individual bicycle parking stalls.
He suggested that the parents cooperate with the school authorities and ask their children, particularly if they live within three or four blocks, to walk to school rather than hop on their bikes and ride.
"I think it would show the right spirit if the boys and girls who live within three or four blocks of the school grounds would walk to school and allow those who really live a longer distance from the school to use their bicycles and have a place to park there," said the County Seat school head.
There just isn't space enough on the school grounds [at East Court and Broad streets] to park 100 bicycles, nor are there stalls enough to go around. Several years ago, the school board, expecting the bicycle riding vogue, did have a number of new stalls built and placed on the school grounds.
Advertisement -
DOYLESTOWN JUNIOR WOMAN'S CLUB DANCE...Date: Oct. 11, 1941. Time: 10 'till 2. Place: Doylestown Country Club. Admission: $1.50 Couple..."Bob" Leighton and His Royal Esquire Orchestra.
Blackout to be held in Doylestown -
Bucks county's first blackout will take place in Doylestown on Friday night for a quarter of an hour.
Earl D. Blair, Air Raid Warden for Bucks county, said the blackout is being arranged by the Doylestown Defense Council in conjunction with the Emergency Police and local Air Raid Warden Dr. William H. Fluck.
Cooperating the the local Defense Council are Dr. John J. Sweeney, Burgess [mayor]; Councilman G. Thawley Hayman, representing Doylestown Borough Council; and A. Russell Thomas, Intelligencer reporter, who has been named publicity chairman.
Air Raid Warden Blair said the blackout will take place at 10 o'clock Friday and last for 15 minutes, until 10:15 o'clock.
Warden Blair also explained that while the electricity for the houses, business places and other establishments in the County Seat will not be turned off, an effort will be made to have the local men and women turn off the lights as part of their own cooperation in the blackout.
The street lights will be turned off for the 15-minute interval. Details concerning the handling of traffic and other problems will be announced before Friday.
Doylestown township school holds fair -
Sponsored by the Doylestown Township Parent-Teacher Association, the third annual school fair was held Friday evening in the consolidated school [now Paul W. Kutz Elementary School].
Several hundred parents and friends of the children were in attendance. The exhibits were made mostly by the parents, and the prize winners were awarded ribbons.
According to Paul W. Kutz, principal of the school, the floral display was unusually good in spite of the dry weather. In addition to flowers, fruits, vegetables, cakes, pies, jellies, jams and candy were displayed.
A feature of the fair was a pumpkin carving contest, in which 15 of the children took part. Joanne Childs, whose carving was considered the best, was awarded a cash prize.
At the conclusion of the fair, an auction was held. This netted approximately $60, which will be used for various activities of the parent-teacher association. Elwood Cope served as auctioneer.
Judges were Miss Evelyn Sigafoos, Doylestown; Mrs. Elisha W. Brinker, Tradesville; and Russell Weaver, National Farm School [now Delaware Valley College].
Advertisement -
HURRY! HURRY!...Buy Your Records In Advance. Prices Are Rising Without Notice. Come in and take advantage of our special gift offer, 2 Red Seal Records for $1...FRATER'S ELECTRICAL SERVICE, 29 West State St., Doylestown, Pa....Phone 4744.
Doylestown Town Notes -
Mrs. William R. Mercer, of "Aldie," who has been attending a convention in St. Paul, Minnesota, arrived at LaGuardia Airport in New York on Friday afternoon.
Mrs. and Mrs. John Rimmer, of Edison, announce the birth of a son at the Emergency Hospital.
Attorney Wilbur H. VanDyne has moved his law offices from 104 North Main street to the Lehman Building, 29 East Court street. Miss Betty Cosner has taken a position as secretary to Mr. VanDyne.
Mr. and Mrs. Russell B. Gulick, of Shewell avenue, entertained their bridge club on Friday evening.
Patricia, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Aaron Lightcap, of Cross Keys, is in the Abington Hospital, where she is receiving treatment for an attack of rheumatic fever and complications. Her condition is as good as can be expected.
Mr. and Mrs. George Guffy, of North Hamilton street, left Wednesday for Buffalo Springs, Virginia and Roxboro, North Carolina, where they will spend several days.
Eighteen Hereford calves went through town Tuesday morning in the latest cow style. Riding in an enormous deluxe trailer, they were packed in like sardines--head to tail.
Dr. and Mrs. Allen H. Moore, of East State street, and Mr. and Mrs. Frederick Blair Jaekel, of "Glen Echo Farm," Doylestown township, sailed on Friday on the "Santa Paula" for a South American cruise of about 15 to 20 days.
Mrs. Carol Wendte, of Linden avenue, who underwent an appendicitis operation in the Abington Hospital on Saturday, is convalescing nicely
The Mohawk Group of the Campfire Girls met at the home of Margaret Gunagan, West Oakland avenue, on Friday evening.
Miss Virginia Nash, who is employed in the office of the County Commissioners, is on her vacation this week.
Mrs. J. Harold Kelly will be the reader during the children's hour in the Melinda Cox Free Library on Saturday afternoon from two until three o'clock.
From the Doylestown Daily Intelligencer, Week of Oct. 1-7, 1941


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October 2014 – May 2015
Lecture & Book Signing: Lady in the Dark: Iris Barry & the Art of Film: Robert Sitton, Adjunct Professor of Media and Culture at Marylhurst University, discusses his book, Lady in the Dark: Iris Barry & the Art of Film, which chronicles the friendships and professional networks developed by pivotal modernist figures Iris Barry and Chick Austin, and the enduring impact such relationships had on their lives and careers. Book signing and cash bar reception to follow. Lady in the Dark is available for purchase in The Museum Shop.
Free and open to the public. Enter via Avery Court on Atheneum Square North.
Please note: due to a major event at the XL Center Oct. 8 it is recommended you leave ample time for travel and parking if you plan to attend this lecture. The Front Street South garage offers $5 parking after 5pm.
Sunday, Oct. 12, 1pm | Classic Film Screening
Sponsored by the Sarah Goodwin Austin Memorial Fund.
Fine Art & Flowers: Join us for our annual salute to spring at the 34th Fine Art & Flowers! View unique floral arrangements and garden designs inspired by works of art in the collection, created by community florists, garden clubs, and designers. Throughout the weekend enjoy special events, tours, a marketplace with local vendors, and more.
$3 is added to all admissions during Fine Art & Flowers.
The 34th Annual Fine Art & Flowers is presented by the Women's Committee of the Wadsworth Atheneum. All proceeds from this event fund the museum's special exhibitions, as well as its educational and community programs.


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Olin Library
Rollins College1000 Holt AveWinter Park, FL firstname.lastname@example.com
As Rollins' new Title IX coordinator, Diane Willingham is working to improve protection against sexual misconduct and discrimination on campus.
A new scholarship honors the memory of Rod MacArthur '43, creator of the famous MacArthur Genius Grant.
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Find important phone numbers, email addresses, and links, or submit website feedback.


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Employee Earnings
You can use the filters to help find what you are looking for
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Measuring National Well-being - Children's well-being, 2013
The article 'Measuring National Well-being - Children's Well-being, 2012' (ONSa) reported children's views on some aspects of their lives. This was based on data from the first wave of Understanding Society, the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS).This summary further explores children's reports of their well-being based on the second wave of the study (UKLS, 2011–12) and provides links to other sources of data about children's well-being.
Coverage: UK
Geographic breakdown: UK
|04 Apr 13
Changes in real earnings in the UK and London, 2002 to 2012
An analysis of average earnings of employees in the UK and in London from 2002 to 2012, covering how earnings have changed over time in real terms, differences between full-time and part-time employees in the private and public sectors, and the implications these changes might have for the economy and economic indicators.
Coverage: UK
Geographic breakdown: Region
|13 Feb 13
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POT Syndrome
(POTS, Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome)
What is postural tachycardia syndrome?
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is one of a group of disorders that have orthostatic intolerance (OI) as their primary symptom. OI describes a condition in which an excessively reduced volume of blood returns to the heart after an individual stands up from a lying down position. The primary symptom of OI is lightheadedness or fainting. In POTS, the lightheadedness or fainting is also accompanied by a rapid increase in heartbeat of more than 30 beats per minute, or a heart rate that exceeds 120 beats per minute, within 10 minutes of rising. The faintness or lightheadedness of POTS are relieved by lying down again. Anyone at any age can develop POTS, but the majority of individuals affected (between 75 and 80 percent) are women between the ages of 15 to 50 years of age. Some women report an increase in episodes of POTS right before their menstrual periods. POTS often begins after a pregnancy, major surgery, trauma, or a viral illness. It may make individuals unable to exercise because the activity brings on fainting spells or dizziness.
Doctors aren't sure yet what causes the reduced return of blood to the heart that occurs in OI, or why the heart begins to beat so rapidly in POTS. Current thinking is that there are a number of mechanisms. Some patients have peripheral denervation (neuropathic POTS); some have symptoms that are due to sustained or parosyxmal overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system (hyperadrenergic POTS); and some individuals have PTOS dominated by features of deconditioning.
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Microsoft and TomTom Smoke Patent Peace Pipe
The Redmond giant and the Dutch navigation company have agreed on a settlement whereby TomTom will pay Microsoft for the use of some of its patents.
The eight Microsoft patents that are part of the agreement relate to car navigation and file management systems, according to a Microsoft press release. TomTom agrees to remove two of its file management functions covered by Microsoft's FAT LFN patents over the next two years. On the other side, TomTom will allow Microsoft to use technology in four patents that they claimed Microsoft violated in a countersuit. During the five-year term that covers past and future sales, Microsoft will not need to compensate TomTom. Neither of the two former rivals disclosed the amount TomTom agreed to pay.
Peter Spours, director of IP strategy and transactions at TomTom, had this to say: "This agreement puts an end to the litigation between our two companies. It is drafted in a way that ensures TomTom's full compliance with its obligations under the GPLv2, and thus reaffirms our commitment to the open source community."
Issue 168/2014
Buy this issue as a PDF
Tag Cloud
Mozilla Labs Shuts Down
Mozilla's product think tank sinks silently into history.
Internet Giants Launch Collaboration to Improve Open Source
TODO group will focus on open source tools in large-scale environments.
Fedora Announces New Partition Manager App
New tool will look like GParted but support a wider range of storage technologies.
Mozilla Releases a New Firefox
New public key pinning feature will help prevent man-in-the-middle attacks.
Tool Predicts Which Websites Will be Compromised
Carnegie Mellon researchers say 3 million pages could fall down the phishing hole in the next year.
SSH Key Management Guidelines
The US government rolls new best-practice rules for protecting SSH.
Knoppix 7.4 Released
Klaus Knopper announces the latest version of his iconic Live Linux system.
PHP Attack Puts WordPress and Drupal at Risk
All websites that use these popular CMS tools could be vulnerable to denial of service attacks if users don't install the updates.
Heartbleed Bleeds On
According to a report, many potential victims of the Heartbleed attack have patched their systems, but few have cleaned up the crime scene to protect themselves from the effects of a previous intrusion.
Drone Brain Goes Open Source
DARPA and NICTA release the code for the ultra-secure microkernel system used in aerial drones.


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A comprehensive guide written by Tony Vargas that puts in perspective all the details a beginning or advanced hobbyist needs when planning a small or a giant reef aquarium. Detailed illustrations & diagrams. Featuring a large collection of some of the most spectacular reef aquariums ever created from all over the world. 272 pages, hardcover.
A comprehensive guide to the identification and captive husbandry of all of the known species in the family Pomacanthidae. This book discusses the biology of angelfish life histories, biogeography, taxonomy, their captive care and feeding, key features used for distinguishing the sexes, and captive breeding and rearing methods. 168 pages, hardcover.
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Edmonton Oilers forward Taylor Hall may be facing supplemental discipline for a knee-on-knee hit in Thursday night's game against the Minnesota Wild.
The 21-year-old had a phone hearing scheduled with National Hockey League Director of Player Safety Brendan Shanahan at 2:30pm et on Friday afternoon for his hit on Minnesota forward Cal Clutterbuck late in Thursday's game. Hall received a five-minute kneeing penalty as well as a 10-minute and game misconduct penalty for the hit, which came with under three minutes left in the third period of Edmonton's 3-1 home loss to the Wild.
In 16 games so far this season Hall has registered three goals and 13 assists. He is currently tied for the team lead in points with Sam Gagner.
Hall has no previous history of suspensions in the NHL.


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The Office of Central Services is dedicated to successfully providing goods and services to Prince George's County internal and external customers. We achieve this through continuous improvement and exemplary team performance. We aim to attain the highest standards in meeting county operational requirements and to ultimately serve the citizens, residents, and businesses of Prince George's County.
To gain an idea of our organization structure please view our organization chart (PDF).
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The Office of Central Services' vision is to become a "BEST IN CLASS" service organization, delivering the highest level of quality service and efficiencies to County agencies and the citizens of Prince George's County.
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Building a positive team spirit through collaboration and Teamwork.
Motivating staff and tying awards and incentives directly to the achievement of performance objectives.
Supporting the infrastructure for public safety and economic development to enhance the lives of residents and citizens of Prince George's County.
Being responsible stewards of our natural and
financial resources
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Power, passion and pleasure. You got your ideal job, just married the love of your life, received a promotion, become a new parent or grandparent, retired. You feel top of the world. This is how you celebrate: '37 Cellars 2009 Cabernet Sauvignon. This blend of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cab Franc and Petit Verdot stirs the senses as it unfurls aromas of dark cherry, ripe blackberries, a hint of new leather and a whiff of smoke. On the palate it displays its power with long lasting mid-palate flavors and a sensuous, lengthy finish. Char-grilled lamb or steak, good bread and someone special to share it, and the 37 Cellars Cabernet Sauvignon. How much better can it get?View Winery Profile
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Fitness does not indicate you will be trapped at the fitness center hour soon after hour. But, in the pursuing article, you are heading to be offered advice that can support your health prepare, regardless of whether at the gymnasium or not.
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text: |These boxy sunglasses offer a new spin on the traditional aviator sunglasses style. The lenses are completely rimmed and, unlike regular aviators, wrap around your face. Loaded with spring hinges and a reinforced build, these aviators will throw some looks your way. Frame Material: Metal. Lens Type: Regular UV. Sunglass Style: Aviator.


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UPDATE: The Los Angeles County Coroner has identified the deceased as Harry Maldonado, 65, of El Monte; his daughter Evie Maldonado, 32, also of El Monte; and Diana Amaya, 38, whose city of residence is currently unknown.
(FOX 11 / AP) - Detectives today investigated a triple homicide being blamed on a man suspected of shooting his adult daughter and another woman in El Monte before turning his weapon on himself.
The three gunshot victims were discovered in the 9900 block of Marshall Street about 7:30 p.m. Tuesday, said Deputy Mark Pope of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, which was assisting El Monte police with the investigation. Their names were withheld pending family notification.
Officers responding to a call reporting a "gunshot victim'' discovered three bodies in a garage at the Marshall Street location, Deputy Don Walker said. All three were pronounced dead at the scene.
The preliminary investigation indicated a man shot the two women, then turned the gun on himself, Walker said. The man was in his 50s and the two women were in their 30s, according to broadcast reports that described the two women as friends.
"One of the female victims is the daughter of the male suspect,'' El Monte Police Department Lt. Eddie Fernandez told news media outlets, which also reported that detectives have interviewed at least one witness.
From Hal Eisner:
It was around 7:45am. Sheriffs Homicide Detectives walked out of the house at the corner of Marshall and Baldwin. We talked. They told me it was between 7 and 7:30 last night that "at least 3 shots" were fired inside the house. Dead, a man in his mid 50's and two women in their mid-30's. One was his daughter. The other her girlfriend. Detectives confirm the two were a same sex couple, but whether the argument that preceded the gunfire was about the relationship is unclear. Neighbors said there had been arguments about that in the past. Investigators aren't even sure who started the argument. But, it's pretty clear who ended it. The detectives told me the dad pulled a handgun and the trigger.
A daughter of one of the women saw what happened. Detectives say she is not a minor as some had thought. And, there are still many unanswered questions.


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Belfast's BEΛR//FVCE is one hell of an inventive producer, chopping up and reworking samples like nobody's business. The results are dizzying, stylish and syrupy, a trademark moody vibe the 19-year-old is working hard to make his own. Check out an example below; an A$AP Rocky Bootleg Edit.
Ruddyp x BEΛR//FVCE – Long.Live.A$AP (BEΛR//FVCE Bootleg Edit) – DOWNLOAD LINK
[soundcloud url="http://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/72029924" params="color=19c8c1&auto_play=false&show_artwork=true" width=" 100%" height="166" iframe="true" /]
Written by: @aimxhigh | @thatnewjam