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Press release (dated 20 September 2006)
Chapter 4: Reducing Emissions from Energy End Use and Infrastructure
Historically, global energy productivity-loosely measured in terms of economic output per unit of energy input-has shown steady increases, averaging gains of about 0.9 percent per year over the period 1971 to 2002 (IEA 2004). Use of more energy-efficient processes and replacement of older, less-efficient capital stock are important contributors to these gains. Another factor in increasing individual country measures of energy productivity, especially in industrialized countries, has been a shift over the past several decades in the composition of economic output toward less energy-intensive goods and services.
In published scenarios of CO2 emissions over the 21st century, increasing demand for energy services, driven by population and economic growth, results in growth of CO2 emissions. By contrast, almost all scenarios that explore various future paths toward significant emissions reductions show that energy end-use reduction [2] plays a key role in achieving those reductions. In one set of scenarios, as shown in Figure 3-19 and highlighted above, energy end-use reductions led to a cumulative decrease (over 100 years) of between 7 and 22 thousand exajoules (EJ) in global energy use, and between 110 and 270 gigatons of reduced or avoided global emissions of carbon (GtC), compared to a reference case used in the study (see Chapter 3). Although bracketed by uncertainties, this figure suggests both the potential role for advanced technology and a long-term goal for contributions from this sector of the global economy.
In the United States, the largest end-use sources of CO2 emissions (Table 4-1) are the following:
This chapter explores energy end-use and carbon emission-reduction strategies and opportunities within each of these end-use categories. Sections 4.1 through 4.3 address transportation, buildings, and industry, respectively. Section 4.4 deals with technology strategies for the electric grid and infrastructure that can enable and facilitate CO2 emissions reductions in all sectors. Each section provides information on its respective sector, explores the potential role for advanced technology in reducing emissions, outlines a strategy for technology development, describes the current portfolio, and identifies potential directions for future research. This chapter focuses primarily on reducing and avoiding CO2 emissions. Many industrial processes and energy end uses produce significant quantities of other non-CO2 GHGs. These other GHGs are addressed in Chapter 7, "Reducing Emissions of Other Greenhouse Gases." The descriptions of the technologies and deployment programs in this section include active Internet links to an updated version of the CCTP report Technology Options in the Near and Long Term (CCTP 2005). [3]
CO2 Emissions in the United States by End-Use Sector, 2003 (GtC)
4.1 TransportationThe transport of people, goods, and services accounts for a significant share of global energy demand, mostly in the form of petroleum, and is among the fastest growing sources worldwide of emissions of GHGs, mainly CO2. In the developing parts of Asia and the Americas, emissions from transportation-related use of energy are expected to increase dramatically during the next 25 years. In the United States, from 1991 to 2000, vehicle miles traveled, a measure of highway transportation demand, increased at an average rate of 2.5 percent per year (DOT 2002a), outpacing population growth. In 2003, the U.S. transportation sector accounted for 39 percent of total CO2 emissions, with the highway modes accounting for more than 82 percent of these (Table 4-2). Through 2025, future growth in U.S. transportation energy use and emissions is projected to be strongly influenced by the growth in light-duty trucks (pickup trucks, vans, and sport utility vehicles, under 8,500 lb gross vehicle weight rating) (Figure 4-1). According to the Federal Highway Administration's Freight Analysis Framework, freight tonnage will grow by 70 percent during the first two decades of the 21st century (DOT 2002b).
Transportation Sector Energy Use by Mode and Type
Potential Role of TechnologyAdvanced technologies can make significant contributions to reducing CO2 emissions from transportation activity. In the near term, advanced highway vehicle technologies, such as electric-fuel-engine hybrids ("hybrid-electric" vehicles) and clean diesel engines, could improve vehicle efficiency and, hence, lower CO2 emissions. Other reductions might result from modal shifts (e.g., from cars to light rail) higher load factors, improved overall system-level efficiency, or reduced transportation demand. Improved intermodal connections could allow for better mode-shifting and improved efficiency in freight transportation. Application of developing technology will reduce idling and the concomitant emissions from heavy-duty vehicles, including vessels, trains, and long-haul trucks. Intelligent transportation systems can reduce congestion, resulting in decreases in fuel use. In the long term, technologies such as cars and trucks powered by hydrogen, bio-based fuels, and electricity show promise for transportation with either no highway CO2 emissions or no net-CO2 emissions.
CO2 Emissions in the United States from Transportation, by Mode, in 2003 (GtC)
The focus of CCTP is on technology developments that may reduce or capture GHG emissions, but it should be noted that, in the transportation sector particularly, there are non-technological options for policymakers to consider as well. They will not be discussed in the rest of this chapter, but they are worth mentioning here. For instance, local investments in bicycle lanes and paths and in pedestrian-friendly development planning can help reduce total vehicle-miles traveled. Urban and suburban planning that is well integrated with public transportation can similarly reduce fuel use per person-mile of travel. In addition, new communications technologies may alter the concepts about individual mobility. Work locations may be centered near or in residential locations, and work processes and products may be more commonly communicated or delivered via digital media. With global trends toward increasing urbanization in both population concentrations and opportunities for employment, people may rely in the future on improved modes of local, light-rail or intra-city passenger transport, coupled with other advances in electrified intercity transport that would curb the growth of fuel use and emissions from transportation.
Technology Strategy
Realizing these opportunities requires a research portfolio that embraces a combination of advanced vehicle, fuel, and transportation system technologies. Within constraints of available resources, a balanced portfolio needs to address major sources of CO2 emissions in this sector, including passenger cars, light trucks, and other trucks; key modes of transport, including highway, aviation, and urban transit; system-wide planning and enhancements; and both near- and long-term opportunities.
In the near term, CO2 emissions and transportation energy use can be reduced through improved vehicle efficiency, clean diesel engines, hybrid propulsion, and the use of hydrogenated low-sulfur gasoline. Other fuels, such as ethanol, natural gas, electricity with storage, and biodiesel, can also provide attractive means for reducing emissions of CO2. These efficiency gains and fuel alternatives also provide other benefits, such as improving urban and regional air quality and enhancing energy security.
In aviation, emissions could be lowered through new technologies to improve air traffic management. An example is Reduced Vertical Separation Minimums (RVSM). RVSM has been used for transatlantic flights since 1997, and it became standard in U.S. airspace in January 2005. Full implementation of RVSM may reduce fuel use by approximately 500 million gallons each year.
In the long term, hydrogen may prove to be a low- or no-net-carbon energy carrier, if it can be cost-effectively produced with few or no GHG emissions, such as with renewable or nuclear energy, or with fossil fuels in conjunction with carbon capture and storage. Hydrogen and biofuels as substitutes for petroleum-based fuels in the transportation and other sectors also offer significant national security benefits. Hydrogen and alternative fuels are discussed in more depth in Chapter 5, "Reducing Emissions from Energy Supply." Hydrogen can be used in internal combustion engines, but its use in highly efficient fuel-cell-powered vehicles is considered a very important future option (Figure 4-2). In aviation, new engines and aircraft will feature enhanced engine cycles, more efficient aircraft aerodynamics, and reduced weight- thereby improving fuel efficiency. Research sponsored by the Federal Government through NASA, in collaboration with the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NGATS) plan, could enable these enhancements. NGATS is a multi-agency-integrated effort to ensure that the future air transportation system meets air transportation security, mobility, and capacity needs, while reducing environmental impacts.
Current PortfolioAcross the current Federal portfolio of transportation-related R&D, activities are focused on a number of major programs.
Future Research Directions
The current portfolio supports the main components of the technology development strategy and addresses the highest priority current investment opportunities in this technology area. For the future, CCTP seeks to consider a full array of promising technology options. From diverse sources, suggestions for future research have come to CCTP's attention. Some of these, and others, are currently being explored and under consideration for the future R&D portfolio. These include:
In addition, supporting or crosscutting areas for future research include the following:
Residential and Commercial CO2 Emissions in the United States, by Source, in 2003 (GtC)
BuildingsThe built environment-consisting of residential, commercial, and institutional buildings-accounts for about one-third of primary global energy demand (IPCC 2000) and represents a major source of energy-related GHG emissions, mainly CO2. Growth in global energy demand in buildings has averaged 3.5 percent per year since 1970 (IPCC 2001).
Over the long term, buildings are expected to continue to be a significant component of increasing global energy demand and a large source of CO2 emissions. Energy demand in this sector will be driven by growth in population, by the economic expansion that is expected to increase the demand for building services (especially electric appliances, electronic equipment, and the amount of conditioned space per person), and by the continuing trends toward world urbanization. As urbanization occurs, energy consumption increases, because urban buildings usually have electricity access and have a higher level of energy consumption per unit area than buildings in more primitive rural areas. According to a recent projection by the United Nations, the percentage of the world's population living in urban areas will increase from 49 percent in 2005 to 61 percent by 2030 (UN 2005).
In the United States, energy consumption in residential buildings has been increasing proportionately with increases in population, while energy consumption in commercial buildings has tended to follow the level of economic activity, or real Gross Domestic Product (GDP). [9] This trend masks significant increases in efficiency in some building components that are being offset by new or increased energy uses in others. In the United States in 2003, CO2 emissions from this sector, including those from both fuel combustion and use of electricity derived from CO2-emitting sources, accounted for nearly 37 percent of total CO2 emissions (Table 4-1). These emissions have been increasing at 1.9 percent per year since 1990 (EIA 2005). Table 4-3 shows a breakdown of emissions from the buildings sector, by fuel type, in the United States.
Potential Role of TechnologyMany opportunities exist for advanced technologies to make significant reductions to energy-related CO2 emissions in the buildings sector. In the near term, widespread adoption of advanced commercially available technologies, such as ENERGY STAR® compliant equipment, can improve efficiency of energy-using equipment in the primary functional areas of energy use. In residential buildings, these functional areas include space heating, appliances, lighting, water heating, and air conditioning. In commercial buildings, functional areas are lighting, space heating, cooling and ventilation, water heating, office equipment, and refrigeration. Through concerted research, major technical advances have occurred during the past 20 years, with many application areas seeing efficiency gains of 15 percent to 75 percent. Figure 4-3 gives an example of technological improvements that have occurred in refrigerators as an illustration of the kind of gains that have been achieved. Over the longer term, more advances can be expected in these areas, and significant opportunities also lie ahead in the areas of new buildings design, retrofits of existing buildings, and the integration of whole building systems and multi-building complexes through use of sensors, software, and automated maintenance and controls.
By 2025-with advances in building envelopes, equipment, and systems integration-it may be possible to achieve up to a 70 percent reduction in a building's energy use, compared to the average energy use in an equivalent building today (DOE 2005). If augmented by on-site energy technologies (such as photovoltaics or distributed sources of combined heat and power), buildings could become net-zero GHG emitters and net energy producers.
Technology StrategyWhile the built environment is a complex mix of heterogeneous building types (commercial, service, detached dwelling, apartment buildings) and functional uses, all have common features, each of which may benefit from technological research, both as individual components and as integrated systems. Within constraints of available resources, a balanced portfolio needs to address three important aspects of buildings that affect their CO2 emissions: (1) integrated building design, construction, and operation, including the optimal integration of components; (2) advanced building envelope components, including windows and walls; and (3) advanced, building equipment, appliances, and lights. The portfolio should look at both near- and long-term opportunities.
In the near term, building energy use and CO2 emissions could be lowered in several ways. Especially in new construction, design strategies that incorporate energy- and material-saving strategies from the very start of the building process can result in significant avoided carbon. Intelligent building systems (such as load balancing and automated sensors and controls) can also be included to help ensure the comfort, health, and safety of residents, as well as aid in the reduction of CO2. In the building envelope, application of advanced materials such as high R-value insulation, foams, vacuum panels, and spectrally selective windows can reduce space conditioning loads significantly. Choosing highly recyclable materials such as aluminum can reduce the end-of-life impact of building design and contribute to sustainable building practices. Technologies to improve the efficiency of lighting, appliances, heating, cooling, and ventilation are other options.
In the long term, more advanced research on the building envelope-including dynamic switchable window glazings and dynamic walls, panelized housing construction, façade and roof integration of photovoltaics, and new storage technologies-can drive CO2 emissions even lower. Distributed power systems, advanced refrigeration and cooling technologies, integrated heat pumps that serve space conditioning and water heating, and solid-state lighting technology are among some of the more promising options for equipment. Among the alternatives, building integration should focus on including sensors and controls, community-scale integration tools, and urban engineering.
Current PortfolioThe current Federal portfolio focuses on four major thrusts. In combination, these activities aim to achieve net-zero-energy residential buildings by 2020 and commercial buildings by 2025.
Future Research DirectionsThe current portfolio supports many of the components of the technology development strategy and addresses the highest priority current investment opportunities in this technology area. For the future, CCTP seeks to consider a full array of promising technology options. From diverse sources, suggestions for future research have come to CCTP's attention. Some of these, and others, are currently being explored and under consideration for the future R&D portfolio. These include:
4.3 IndustryIndustrial activities were estimated to account for about 41 percent of primary global energy consumption in 1995 (IPCC 2000) and a commensurate share of global CO2 emissions. Certain activities are particularly energy-intensive, including metals industries, such as iron, steel, and aluminum; petroleum refining; basic chemicals and intermediate products; fertilizers; glass; pulp, paper, and other wood products; and mineral products, including cement, lime, limestone, and soda ash. Others are less energy-intensive, including the manufacture or assembly of automobiles, appliances, electronics, textiles, food and beverages, and others. Each regional or national economy varies in the structure, composition, and growth rates of these industries, shaped in part by its state of economic development and in part by regional advantages in international trade. The industrial sector worldwide is expected to expand in the future and will likely continue to account for a substantial portion of future CO2 emissions. As competitive environments grow and energy demand increases, industrial firms increasingly will have a financial incentive to invest in improving their energy efficiency.
In the United States in 2003, industry accounted for about one-third of total U.S. CO2 emissions (Table 4-1). These are attributed to combustion of fuels (51 percent), use of electricity derived from CO2-emitting sources (41 percent), and industrial processes, including non-combustion processes, that emit CO2 (8 percent) (Table 4-4). [13]
Potential Role of TechnologyThe industrial sector presents numerous opportunities for advanced technologies to make significant contributions to the reductions of CO2 emissions to the Earth's atmosphere. In the near term, advanced technologies can increase the efficiency with which process heat is generated, contained, transferred, and recovered. Process and design enhancements can improve quality, reduce waste, minimize reprocessing, reduce the intensity of material use (with no adverse impact on product or performance), and increase in-process material recycling. Cutting-edge technologies can significantly reduce the intensity with which energy and materials (containing embedded energy) are used. Industrial facilities can implement direct manufacturing processes, which can eliminate some energy-intensive steps, thus both avoiding emissions and enhancing productivity. On the supply side, industry can self-generate clean, high-efficiency power and steam; and create products and byproducts that can serve as clean-burning fuels. The sector can also make greater use of coordinated systems that more efficiently use distributed energy generation, combined heat and power, and cascaded heat.
In the long term, fundamental changes in energy infrastructure could effect significant CO2 emissions reductions. Revolutionary changes may include novel heat and power sources and systems, including renewable energy resources, hydrogen, and fuel cells. Innovative concepts for new products and high-efficiency processes may be introduced that can take full advantage of recent and promising developments in nanotechnology, micro-manufacturing, sustainable biomass production, biofeedstocks, and bioprocessing. As global industry's existing, capital-intensive equipment stock nears the end of its useful service life and as industry expands in rapidly emerging economies in Asia and the Americas, this sector will have an opportunity to adopt novel technologies that could revolutionize basic manufacturing. Advanced technologies will likely involve a mix of pathways, such as on-site energy generation, conversion, and utilization; process efficiency improvements; innovative or enabling concepts, such as advanced sensors and controls, materials, and catalysts; and recovery and reuse of materials and byproducts (Figure 4-6). In the United States, the development and adoption of advanced industrial technologies can not only provide GHG benefits, but also help to maintain U.S. competitiveness.
CO2 Emissions in the United States from Industrial Sources in 2003 (GtC) (Excludes Indirect Emissions from Industrial Use of Centrally-Generated Electric Power)
Technology StrategyA research portfolio should address the more important current and anticipated sources of CO2 emissions in this sector, with careful attention to whether there is an appropriate role for Federal investment. Some of the largest sources of CO2 emissions today, and expected in the future, arise from energy conversion to power industrial processes, inefficiencies in the processes themselves, and ineffective reuse of materials or feedstocks; and, in some cases, the intensive use of fossil fuels, especially natural gas.
In the near term, industrial energy use and CO2 emissions could be lowered through improvements in the industrial use of electricity and fuels to produce process heat and steam, including steam boilers, direct-fired process heaters, and motor-driven systems, such as pumping and compressed air systems. Opportunities for reducing emissions in these areas lie with the adoption of best energy-management practices; adoption of more modern and efficient power and steam generating systems; integrated approaches that combine cooling, heating, and power needs; and capture and use of waste heat. Other areas of opportunity include improvements in specific energy-intensive industrial processes, including hybrid distillation systems; process intensification by combining or removing steps, or designing new processes altogether while producing the same or a better product; the recovery and utilization of waste and feedstocks, which can reduce energy and material requirements; and crosscutting opportunities, such as improved operational capabilities and performance.
In the long term, highly efficient coal gasifiers coupled with CO2 sequestration technology could provide an alternative to natural gas, and even enable the export of electricity and hydrogen to the utility grid and supply pipelines. Bioproducts could replace fossil feedstocks for manufacturing fuels, chemicals, and materials; while biorefineries could utilize fuels from nonconventional feedstocks to jointly produce materials and value-added chemicals. For non-combustion sources of CO2, gas capture, separation and sequestration could be applied, or alternative processes or materials could be developed as substitutes. Further, integrated modeling of fundamental physical and chemical properties, along with advanced methods to simulate processes, will stem from advances in computational technology.
Current PortfolioThe current Federal portfolio focuses on four major thrusts.
Future Research DirectionsThe current portfolio supports the main components of the technology development strategy and addresses the highest priority current investment opportunities in this technology area. For the future, CCTP seeks to consider a full array of promising technology options. From diverse sources, suggestions for future research have come to CCTP's attention. Some of these, and others, are currently being explored and considered for the future R&D portfolio. These include:
4.4 Electric Grid and InfrastructureLarge reductions in future CO2 emissions may require that a significant amount of electricity be generated from carbon-free or carbon-neutral sources, including nuclear power and renewable electricity producers such as wind energy, geothermal energy, and solar-based power generating systems. Some renewable energy resources are concentrated in regions of the country that are distant from large urban markets. To accommodate such sources, the future electricity transmission infrastructure (the "grid") would need to extend its capacity and evolve into an intelligent and flexible system that enables the use of a wide and varied set of baseload, peaking, and intermittent generation technologies. The cost of expanding the grid to provide transmission from remote areas to load centers, or to make very long international links between Alaska and Russia, as sometimes proposed, is potentially very expensive, and proper allocation of the investment costs would need to be considered, as well as the overall cost-effectiveness of such projects.
In recent years, the demand for electricity in the United States has increased at a rate such that it could eventually exceed current transmission capacity. Demand is projected to increase by 19 percent from 2003-2012 (EIA 2005); only a 6 percent increase in transmission is planned for 2002-2012 (DOE 2002). There have been few major new investments in transmission during the past 15 years. Outages experienced in parts of the country-including the August 2003 blackout in the Midwest and Northeast-highlight the need to enhance grid reliability.
Enhancements for grid reliability will likely go hand in hand with improved efficiency of electricity transmission. Energy losses in the U.S. transmission and distribution (T&D) system were 5.5 percent in 2003, accounting for 201 billion kilowatt hours of electricity generation and 133 million metric tons of CO2 emissions (EIA 2005, Table A8; EPA 2005 Table 2-14). About 10 percent of GHG emissions resulting from transmission and distribution are SF6 emissions from certain high-voltage transmission equipment. The remainder of GHG emissions is from increased operations needed to compensate for energy losses.
Notwithstanding these improvements, the extent to which transmission and distribution losses could be reduced is uncertain, and energy losses on the transmission system could even increase as more long-distance transmission lines are brought into service to transmit power from remote generation sources.
The current portfolio supports the main components of the technology development strategy. Within constrained Federal resources, this portfolio addresses the highest priority current investment opportuni-ties. For the future, CCTP seeks to consider a full array of promising technology options. From diverse sources, suggestions for future research have come to CCTP's attention and others are currently being explored. These include:
Potential Role of TechnologyThere are many T&D technologies that can improve efficiency and reduce GHG emissions. In the near term, these include high-voltage DC (HVDC) transmission, high-strength composite overhead conductors, solid-state transmission controls such as Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices that include fault current limiters, switches and converters, and information technologies coupled with automated controls (i.e., a "Smart Grid"). High-efficiency conventional transformers-commercially available although not widely used-also could have impacts on distribution system losses.
Advanced conductors integrate new materials with existing materials and other components and subsystems to achieve better technical, environmental, and financial performance-e.g., higher current carrying capacity, more lightweight, greater durability, lower line losses, and lower installation and operations and maintenance costs. Improved sensors and controls, as part of the next-generation electricity T&D system, could significantly increase the efficiency of electricity generation and delivery, thereby reducing the GHG emissions intensity associated with the electric grid. Outfitting the system with digital sensors, information technologies, and controls could further increase system efficiency, and allow greater use of more efficient and low-GHG end-use and other distributed technologies. High-temperature superconductors may be able to be utilized in key parts of the T&D system to reduce or eliminate line losses and increase efficiency. Energy storage allows intermittent renewable resources, such as photovoltaics and wind, to be dispatchable.
Advanced storage concepts and particularly high-temperature superconducting wires and equipment represent longer-term solutions with great promise. Digital sensors, information technologies, and controls may eventually enable real-time responses to system loads. HTS electrical wires might be able to carry 150 times the amount of electricity compared to the same-size conventional copper wires (Figure 4-9). Such possibilities may create totally new ways to operate and configure the grid. Power electronics will be able to provide significant advantages in processing power from distributed energy sources using fast response and autonomous control.
Technology StrategyRealizing these opportunities requires a research portfolio that focuses on a balance between advanced transmission grid and distributed-generation technologies. Within the constraints of available resources, a balanced portfolio needs to address conductor technology, systems and controls, energy storage, and power electronics to help reduce CO2 emissions in this sector.
Early research is likely to focus on ensuring reliability, e.g., establishing "self-healing" capabilities for the grid, including intelligent, autonomous device interactions, and advanced communication capabilities. Additional technologies would be needed for wide-area sensing and control, including sensors, secure communication and data management; and for improved grid-state estimation and simulation. Simulation linked to intelligent controllers can lead to improved protection and discrete-event control. Digitally enabled load-management technologies, wireless communications architecture and algorithms for system automation, and advanced power storage technologies will allow intermittent and distributed energy resources to be efficiently integrated.
Longer-term research is likely to focus on the development of fully operational, pre-commercial prototypes of energy-intensive power equipment that, by incorporating HTS wires, will have greater capacity with lower energy losses and half the size of conventional units. Over the long term, the T&D system would also be enhanced by integrating storage and power electronics.
Current PortfolioAcross the current Federal portfolio of electric infrastructure-related R&D, multi-agency activities are focused on a number of major thrusts in high-temperature superconductivity, T&D technologies, distributed generation and combined heat and power, energy storage, sensors, controls and communications, and power electronics. For example:
Research on energy storage is focused in two general areas. First, research is striving to develop storage technologies that reduce power-quality disturbances and peak electricity demand, and improve system flexibility to reduce adverse effects to industrial and other users. Second, research is seeking to improve electrical energy storage for stationary (utility, customer-side, and renewable) applications. This work is being done in collaboration with a number of universities and industrial partners. This work is set within an international context, where others are investing in high-temperature, sodium-sulfur batteries for utility load-leveling applications and pursuing large-scale vanadium reduction-oxidation battery chemistries.
Research on sensors, controls, and communications focuses on developing distributed intelligent systems to diagnose local faults and coordinate with power electronics and other existing, conventional protection schemes that will provide autonomous control and protection at the local level. This hierarchy will enable isolation and mitigation of faults before they cascade through the system. The work will also help users and electric-power-system operators achieve optimized control of a large, complex network of systems; and will provide remote detection, protection, control, and contingency measures for the electric system.
Research on power electronics is focused on megawatt-level inverters, fast semiconductor switches, sensors, and devices for Flexible Automated Control Transmission Systems (FACTS). The Office of Naval Research and DOE have a joint program to develop power electronic building blocks. The military is developing more electricity-intensive aircraft, ships, and land vehicles, which are providing power electronic spinoff technology for infrastructure applications.
Future Research DirectionsThe current portfolio supports the main components of the technology development strategy and addresses the highest priority current investment opportunities in this technology area. For the future, CCTP seeks to consider a full array of promising technology options. From diverse sources, suggestions for future research have come to CCTP's attention. Some of these, and others, are currently being explored and under consideration for the future R&D portfolio. These include:
4.5 SummaryThis chapter reviews various forms of advanced technology, their potential for reducing emissions from end use and infrastructure, and the R&D strategies intended to accelerate their development. Although uncertainties exist about both the level at which GHG concentrations might need to be stabilized in the future and the nature of the technologies that may come to the fore, the long-term potential of advanced end-use and infrastructure technologies is estimated to be significant, both in reducing emissions (as shown in the figure at the beginning of this chapter) and in reducing the costs for achieving those reductions, as suggested by Figure 3-14. Further, the advances in technology development needed to realize this potential, as modeled in the associated analyses, animate the R&D goals for each end-use and infrastructure technology area. It will remain important to continue to coordinate research closely with industrial firms, since in many cases they will have the financial incentive and expertise to make technology advancements without Federal support.
As one illustration among the many hypothetical cases analyzed, [24] when a high-emissions constraint was placed on GHG emissions over the course of the 21st century, the lowest-cost arrays of advanced technology in end use and infrastructure, when compared to a reference case, resulted in 100-year cumulative reductions of emissions of roughly between 190 and 210 GtC. This amounted, roughly, to between 30 and 35 percent of all GHG emissions reduced, avoided, captured and stored, or otherwise withdrawn and sequestered, as needed to attain this level of constrained emission. Similarly, the costs for achieving such emissions reductions, when compared to the reference case, were reduced by roughly a factor of 3. See Chapter 3 for other cases and other scenarios.
As described in this chapter, CCTP's technology development strategy supports potential achievements in this range. The overall strategy is summarized schematically below in Figure 4-11. Advanced technologies are seen entering the marketplace in the near, mid, and long terms, where the long term is sustained indefinitely. Such a progression, if successfully realized worldwide, would be consistent with attaining the end use and infrastructure potential portrayed in Figure 3-19.
The timing and the pace of technology adoption are uncertain and must be guided by science. In the case of the illustration above, the first GtC per year (1GtC/year) of reduced or avoided emissions, as compared to a reference case, would need to be in place and operating, roughly, between 2030 and 2050. For this to happen, a number of new or advanced end-use and infrastructure technologies would need to penetrate the market at significant scale before these dates. Other cases would suggest faster or slower rates of deployment, depending on assumptions. See Chapter 3 for other cases and other scenarios.
Throughout Chapter 4, the discussions of the current activities in each area support the main components of this approach to technology development. The activities outlined in the current portfolio sections address the highest-priority investment opportunities for this point in time. Beyond these activities, the chapter identifies promising directions for future research, identified in part by the end-use and infrastructure technical working group and assessments and inputs from non-Federal experts. CCTP remains open to a full array of promising technology options as current work is completed and changes in the overall portfolio are considered.
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Footnotes1 In this context, "conservation" refers to practices that conserve resources or reduce waste, such as in the case of energy, turning off lights, equipment, etc., when not in use.
2 End use reduction includes improvements in energy efficiency in the end-use sectors, as well as improvements in efficiency of energy conversion, e.g., increased efficiency in electricity generation.
3 Visit US Climate Change Technology Program.
4 For more information, see Section 1.1.1 (CCTP 2005). See also: US Department of Energy, and US Environmental Protection Agency.
5 See Section 1.1.2 (CCTP 2005). See also: U.S. EPA Clean Automotive Technology.
6 See Section 1.1.3 (CCTP 2005).
7 See Section 1.1.4 (CCTP 2005).
8 See Section 1.1.5 (CCTP 2005).
9 According to the Annual Energy Review 2004, residential primary energy use increased 53 percent from 1970 to 2004, while the nation's population increased 44 percent over the same period. Commercial energy use increased 111 percent over this period, driven (in part) by the nearly 200 percent increase in real Gross Domestic Production (GDP).
10 See Section 1.2.2 (CCTP 2005).
11 See Section 1.2.1 (CCTP 2005).
12 See Section 1.2.3 (CCTP 2005).
13 Emissions of GHGs other than CO2 from industry and agriculture are discussed in Chapter 7, "Reducing Emissions of Other Greenhouse Gases."
14 See Section 1.4.1 (CCTP 2005).
15 See Section 1.4.3 (CCTP 2005).
16 See Section 1.4.4 (CCTP 2005).
17 For more information, see Section 1.4.2 (CCTP 2005).
18 See Section 1.3.1 (CCTP 2005).
19 See Section 1.3.2 (CCTP 2005).
20 See Section 1.3.3 (CCTP 2005).
21 See Section 1.3.4 (CCTP 2005).
22 See Section 1.3.5 (CCTP 2005).
23 See Section 1.3.6 (CCTP 2005).
24 In Chapter 3, various advanced technology scenarios were analyzed for cases where global emissions of GHGs were hypothetically constrained. Over the course of the 21st century, growth in emissions was assumed to slow, then stop, and eventually reverse in order to ultimately stabilize GHG concentrations in the Earth's atmosphere at levels ranging from 450 to 750 ppm. In each case, technologies competed within the emissions-constrained market, and the results were compared in terms of energy (or other metric), emissions, and costs.


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Canadian Dermatology Association
Canadian Cancer Society
Saraiya M, et al. Preventing skin cancer.
MMWR. 2003 Oct 17;52(RR15):1-12.
Available at:
Accessed November 10, 2012.
Basal cell carcinoma of the skin. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed/what.php. Updated January 17, 2013. Accessed March 28, 2013.
Basal cell carcinoma. American Academy of Dermatology website. Available at:
http://www.aad.org/skin-conditions/dermatology-a-to-z/basal-cell-carcinoma. Accessed March 28, 2013.
Wong C. Strange R. Lear J. Basal cell carcinoma.
This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Electrical Tapes & Mastics
$22.53This 45 mil sealant roll is self-fusing, rubber-based thin insulating mastic compounds laminated to a flexible, with an all-weather grade PVC backing.
$14.13This black electrical grade, rubber-based, self-fusing insulating putty is supplied in tape form.
Starting at: $9.61This is a black 65 mil conformable self-fusing rubber electrical insulating and sealing tape.
Starting at: $7.44This is a highly conformable, linerless Ethylene Propylene Rubber (EPR), high-voltage insulating tape that provides excellent thermal dissipation of splice heat.
Starting at: $31.68This is a 8 mil, yellow, varnish coated cotton cloth with a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
Starting at: $28.17This is a 7 mil, yellow, varnished coated cotton cloth without an adhesive.
Starting at: $4.76This is a 125 mil conformable, durable, tacky mastic with an easy release liner for easy applications over irregular surfaces for excellent moisture resistance.
Starting at: $750.783M™ Lead Foil Tape 421 Dark Silver, 6.3 mil (0.16 mm) lead foil backing with a green rubber adhesive.
$63.12This is a 6 mil general purpose easy tear vinyl duct tape. This tape is used for general holding and bundling.
Scotch® Glass Cloth Electrical Tape 69-3/4"x66', White, Silicone Adhesive, 3/4 in x 66 ft (19 mm x 20.1 m)$213.90This is a 7 mil woven glass cloth tape with a silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive. UL Recognized 180


text:
Jennifer Hudson has signed on to star in the sequel to Lifetime's breast cancer anthology Five , which included a vignette directed by Alicia Keys . That's according to The Hollywood Reporter , which reveals that the new project will address mental illness.
Tentatively titled Five 2 , the cast of the upcoming anthology also includes Oscar winner Octavia Spencer and Modern Family co-star Sarah Hyland , according to The Hollywood Reporter .
There's no word on when Jennifer fans will see her in Five 2 . In the meantime, though, they can look forward to seeing her play a Broadway star in the second season of NBC's musical drama Smash . The show is slated to return to television this February.
Copyright 2012 ABC News Radio


text:
Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Graduate Degree
NP Psych/Mental Health
The DNP prepares advanced practice nurses who demonstrate clinical expertise, judgment, scholarship, and leadership to provide the highest level of nursing practice in the primary health care setting.
DNP Graduate Program Objectives
- Integrate nursing science and theory, biophysical, psychosocial, ethical, analytical, and organizational sciences as the foundation for the highest level of nursing practice.
- Analyze complex health care system to assess strengths and weaknesses to facilitate organization-wide changes in practice delivery.
- Synthesize, interpret, and apply knowledge from nursing practice, research, theory, and informatics to evaluate outcomes and sustain evidence-based advanced nursing practice.
- Advocate for health care policy addressing issues of social justice and equality in the delivery of advanced practice nursing services.
- Enact leadership and effective communication in inter- and intra-professional collaborator relationships to facilitate and improve outcomes for individuals, populations, and health care systems.
- Assess epidemiological, financial, sociopolitical, occupational, and organizational forces in the development, implementation, and evaluation of clinical prevention and population health.
- Integrate professional standards, values, accountability, and ongoing self-reflection into role acquisition as an advanced practice nurse.
- Influences health outcomes by providing advanced independent comprehensive health care services including health promotion and counseling, health assessment and diagnosis, and disease prevention and management of health and illness of individuals and families throughout the lifespan.
DNP Degree (NP, Psych/Mental Health) Programs of Study
- BSN to DNP 3- Year Program of Study (NP Psych Mental Health)
- BSN to DNP 4- Year Program of Study (NP Psych Mental Health)
- MN to DNP Program of Study
For More Information
For more information about the College of Nursing Doctor of Nursing Practice degree program please complete the online form.
For specific information about "Five Steps to Apply" please visit: http://www.montana.edu/nursing/academic/mn.php
The FPMHNP option within the DNP graduate degree program is supported in part by funds from the Division of Nursing (DN), Bureau of Health Professions (BHPr), Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) under grant number D09HP15006, Advanced Education Nursing Grants for $814,021. The information or content and conclusions are those of Montana State University and should not be construed as the official position or policy of, nor should any endorsements be inferred by the Division of Nursing, BHPr, DHHS or the U.S. Government.


text:
Racks, Drying
DPI - Advanced Finishing Technologies
2241 Lake St.
Niles MI 49120
Edwards Storage Systems
346 Neeb Road
Cincinnati OH 45233
First Choice Industrial
145 Auburn Park Drive
Auburn GA 30011
Grizzly Industrial Inc.
1203 Lycoming Mall Circle
Muncy PA 17756-1810
GSI Imports Corp.
6285 E. Spring St. PMB 418
Long Beach CA 90808-4000
Hafele America Co.
3901 Cheyenne Drive P.O. Box 4000
Archdale NC 27263
Leggett & Platt SPG
750 Pinecrest Drive
Prospect Heights IL 60070
Precision Profiles Inc.
P.O. Box 395
Monmouth Junction NJ 08852-0395
Production Finishing Technologies
1412 Trinity Ave.
High Point NC 27260
Rapid Rack by Designs Plus
P.O. Box 369
Cloverdale CA 95425
Don't see your product?
Promote your business with a free listing or upgrade to an enhanced listing that will include videos, photos and a company info page that drives traffic to your own website.


text:
August 22, 2013
Shakespeare said "brevity is the soul of wit," but last time we checked, most of Willy's work exceeded 140 characters. Fortunately, these comedians, celebrities, and athletes were able to cram their funny into these brilliant and brief tweets. This week, we RT'd Paul Rust, Metta World Peace, and Pete Holmes.
Check out last week's tweets or find out which color the toughest guys wear.
Around the Web


text:
Come visit me, Consuela, Rebel, Pinky, Ragnar, Clover R.I.P 2013, Loki, Tripod, Georgie, Mya & Striker (3-10-2012).
Come visit me, Mazie.
Come visit me, Bunny Club *bunny info/help*, Biggy ~R.I.P~ 4ever in my heart, † Legacy † R.I.P, †The Angels Emily, Joe, Buddha, Lucy, Abby, Tilly, † Angel Kisses † R.I.P, † Atley † R.I.P My Sweetheart :(, Dove *im back with my family again :)* & † Roger † R.I.P My Sweet Boy :(.
Come visit me, Angel Peachy, In Loving Memory of Muffin - 5/25/06 to 10/1/09, Angel J.D. - Loves Angel Isabelle :), Angel Rocki - Loves Aggie Kadabbie!!, Sweet Stella Girl - Loves Champers & Champers-Loves Rocky, Bastian, Mooch, Earl & Doozy.
Come visit me, Angel Isabelle Loves JD! :).
Come visit me, Puffy - in loving memory.
Come visit me, Brownie RIP 3/16/13, Storm-RIP 6/14/12, Hershey RIP 3/16/13, Marbles RIP 12/23/13, Pocket RIP 7/31/14 & Max RIP 7/20/11.
*Content generated by our loyal visitors, which includes comments and club postings, is free of constraints from our editors' red pens, and therefore not governed by I-5 Publishing LLC's Gold Standard Quality Content, but instead allowed to follow the free form expression necessary for quick, inspired and spontaneous communication.
News, articles, must-have info, contests and more for owners of all exotic, small mammal pets.
Ferrets Magazine
Articles, the latest updates, fun activities and more – all focused on pet ferrets.
Sign up to get updates delivered straight to your inbox.
SmallAnimalChannel takes your privacy seriously. To learn more, please read our privacy policy.


text:
KOHLER, WI (WTAQ) - Somebody in eastern Wisconsin is a million dollars richer Sunday morning.
A Powerball ticket sold in Kohler won the second prize in Saturday night's Powerball drawing. It matched all five regular numbers but not the Powerball.
Wisconsin also had just over 11,000 other winners who won prizes ranging from $4 to $200. The numbers were 15, 27, 31, 34, and 48. The Powerball was one, and the Power Play multiplier was two.
Nobody won the jackpot, so it goes up to $192 million for Wednesday night, with a cash value of $115 million.
(Story courtesy of Wheeler News Service)


text:
Some information is missing or invalid below.
Learn more.
Seating and storage in one, this Catskill Craftsmen storage chest is perfect for your child's playroom.
Product Features:
- Wainscoting on front lends a traditional look.
- Child safety hinge and a finger slot under the lid offer safe use.
- Rugged construction ensures lasting use.
Product Details:
- 24"H x 32 3/4"W x 14"D
- Spot clean
- Some assembly required
- Manufacturer's 90-day limited warranty
Model Numbers:
- 89095 (white)
- 89096 (black)
Promotional offers available online at Kohls.com may vary from those offered in Kohl's stores.
Sponsored Links
The links below are ads provided by the Google AdWords™ program. Outside companies pay to advertise via these links when specific phrases and words are searched. These ads are provided by Google and are labeled as sponsored links. Clicking on these links will open a new tab displaying that respective company's own website. The website you link to is not affiliated with or sponsored by Kohls.com


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Your asking for some fun but I am sure it can be done. The zealot answer would be to drop the Microsoft products and just run Lotus stuff, but then again IT would not be any fun without projects like this. I have seen it done but I am no developer.
Here is a good place to start LINK TO IBM PAGE
REGISTER or login:


text:
Updated: 9 Apr 2013
Songbird: is a desktop Web player, a digital jukebox and Web browser mash-up.
Splash: plays all your High Definition AVC/H.264 camcorder movies and digital television (DVB-T), incredibly fast, smooth, with no problems, no glitches.
TVUPlayer: is a free program that enables viewers to watch high quality live television programs around the world.
JLC Internet TV: is a program for watching free online TV channels.
phonostar Player: listen via the internet to thousands of radio stations from all over the world...
XstreamRadio: enables you to listen to more than 1.000 national and international radio stations.
Streamripper: helps to rip streams directly from Winamp.
Moovida: is much more than a simple media player... it is a cutting edge media center bringing the best of the internet to your TV screen.
Download Miro (formerly Democracy Player)
Miro (formerly Democracy Player) 2.5.1on 25 July 2009, reviewed by: The danster
Wow can't believe nobody has reviewed this. It is great player for those constantly watching videos on the internet and ...
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Codecs.com is known also as Free-Codecs.com.
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text:
Star Wars Reads Day is an international event that celebrates reading and all things Star Wars. Launched in 2012 by Lucasfilm and its publishing partners, the event attracts participation throughout the world.
Read more
With Episode VII of the Star Wars saga now in production, my inner fanboy is on pins and needles. On the one hand, NEW STAR WARS FILMS! On the other hand, the last time we got new Star Wars films, the results were rather underwhelming.
A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away…
© 1995-2014 Mid-Continent Public Library. All rights reserved.


text:
Incontinence Drugs: Benefits and Harms Compared »
"April 9, 2012 -- Drugs that treat incontinence caused by an overactive bladder offer modest benefits to some women, and they often come with significant side effects, a new review of research shows.
The government-funded review compar"...
Read the Incontinence Drugs: Benefits and Harms Compared article »
Enablex Patient Information Including Side Effects
Brand Names: Enablex
Generic Name: darifenacin (Pronunciation: dar e FEN a sin)
- What is darifenacin (Enablex)?
- What are the possible side effects of darifenacin (Enablex)?
- What is the most important information I should know about darifenacin (Enablex)?
- What should I discuss with my health care provider before taking darifenacin (Enablex)?
- How should I take darifenacin (Enablex)?
- What happens if I miss a dose (Enablex)?
- What happens if I overdose (Enablex)?
- What should I avoid while taking darifenacin (Enablex)?
- What other drugs will affect darifenacin (Enablex)?
- Where can I get more information?
What is darifenacin (Enablex)?
Darifenacin reduces muscle spasms of the bladder and urinary tract.
Darifenacin is used to treat symptoms of overactive bladder, such as frequent or urgent urination, and incontinence (urine leakage).
Darifenacin may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Enablex 15 mg
round, peach, imprinted with DF, 15
Enablex 7.5 mg
round, white, imprinted with DF, 7.5
What are the possible side effects of darifenacin (Enablex)?
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Stop using darifenacin and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
- hot, dry skin and extreme thirst;
- severe stomach pain or constipation;
- pain or burning when you urinate; or
- urinating less than usual or not at all.
Less serious side effects may include:
- dry mouth;
- dry eyes, blurred vision;
- mild constipation;
- diarrhea;
- nausea, mild stomach pain or upset;
- dizziness, weakness;
- headache; or
- fever, sore throat, body aches, or other flu symptoms.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Read the Enablex (darifenacin extended-release tablets) Side Effects Center for a complete guide to possible side effects
What is the most important information I should know about darifenacin (Enablex)?
You should not use this medication if you are allergic to darifenacin, or if you have untreated or uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma, a blockage in your digestive tract (stomach or intestines), or if you are unable to urinate.
Before using darifenacin, tell your doctor if you have glaucoma, liver disease, a muscle disorder, ulcerative colitis, or a blockage in your stomach or intestines.
Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Darifenacin can decrease perspiration and you may be more prone to heat stroke.
Darifenacin can cause side effects that may impair your vision or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert and able to see clearly.
Stop using this medication and call your doctor if you have serious side effects such as hot and dry skin, extreme thirst, severe stomach pain or constipation, pain or burning when you urinate, or if you stop urinating.
Enablex Patient Information in Detail
- What is Enablex?
- What are the possible side effects?
- What is the most important information I should know?
- What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking?
- How should I take?
Additional Enablex Information
- Enablex Drug Interactions Center: darifenacin oral
- Enablex Side Effects Center
- Enablex Overview including Precautions
- Enablex FDA Approved Prescribing Information including Dosage
Enablex - User Reviews
Enablex User Reviews
Now you can gain knowledge and insight about a drug treatment with Patient Discussions.
Here is a collection of user reviews for the medication Enablex sorted by most helpful.
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration
You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.
WebMD Daily
Get breaking medical news.


text:
Adopt-A-Highway Program
James K. Polk Building, Suite 400
505 Deaderick Street
Nashville, Tennessee 37243-0333
Phone: 615.741.6896
Fax: 615.532.5995
On-line Volunteer Activity Report Form
(Please complete after each pickup)
Thank you for cleaning up your adopted stretch of Tennessee roadway! Your contribution to the environment is important to us, and allows us to record and track your activities and accomplishments. Please submit a separate report for each pickup date.


text:
|Results: 33Comments by: yaroot
|File: Clique10-17-10
Can you setup a repo on github so t...
Can you setup a repo on github so that we can localize it easier?
|File: NeonChat07-01-10
for i = 1, 7 do
local eb = _G
for i = 1, 7 do local eb = _G local a, b, c = select(6, eb:GetRegions()) a:Hide() b:Hide() c:Hide() end Blizz got the coloring thing, this cleans up that shit around the editbox
|File: oUF_RaidDebuffs03-25-10
Originally posted by Kurtz
But I...
Originally posted by Kurtz But I wrote in ouf_RaidDebuff.lua line 12, it didn't work. no error message. You should create a file to do that like what McBloed did, not modifying this mod. @McBloed You can just put the name, or look it up on wowhead.com: http://www.wowhead.com/?spell=71993
|File: NugRunning12-31-09
I simply modified the A...
@alimjocox I simply modified the AddSpell function to do such thing: local function override_textfunc(spellName, dstName) return dstName end local function AddSpell(ids, opts) opts.textfunc = opts.textfunc or override_textfunc for _, i in ipairs(ids) do NugRunningConfig = opts end end @d87 Beautiful addon:banana...
|File: leafLFG09-03-09
Originally posted by ^VoiD
Is it...
Originally posted by ^VoiD Is it me, or as of 3.2 does this add-on no longer work? I also cannot find any mini button anywhere, conifg or /cmd to do anything with this. ^V It works for me on Taiwan 3.2 Realms. And this is a LDB plugin, you will need a LDB display addon such as DockingStation, NinjaPanel to show the butto...
|File: Broker_Equipment05-27-09
elseif(GetLocale() == 'zhCN') then...
elseif(GetLocale() == 'zhCN') then L.TOOLTIP1 = '点击选择套装' L.TOOLTIP2 = 'Ctrl+Alt 点击更新套装' L.TOOLTIP3 = 'Shift+Alt 点击删除套装' L.NOSET = '无套装' elseif(GetLocale() == 'zhTW') then L.TOOL...
|File: Broker_Equipment05-27-09
Originally posted by p3lim
Originally posted by p3lim Explain better Add help lines like 'Click here to change your set' to explain how to delete or upadte the set by modifier keys(alt+ctrl/shift+click). Sometimes I may forget it.
|File: Broker_Equipment05-26-09
Add update and delete help-info to...
Add update and delete help-info to the tooltip?
|File: oUF leaf04-22-09
Originally posted by Caellian
Originally posted by Caellian The colors were merely an example... First I apologize for copying anything without asking for permision. Yep, the layout is based on p3lim's works, but I code a lot, not copying codes from 'every single layout on WOWI'. I used to use your color with p3lim's layout, it's cool:p but since I want...
|File: lolTip04-12-09
Great work!
I was a Tiptac user to...
Great work! I was a Tiptac user too. And sometimes I have the same idea to modify the blizzy toottip... But i'm too lazzzy:banana: Have you got any idea with the mana bar?
|File: oUF_Freebgrid03-12-09
Originally posted by Freebaser
Originally posted by Freebaser I can't promise that it will always be up, because it runs from my house >.< >.
|File: oUF P3lim03-11-09
Originally posted by ant1pathy
Originally posted by ant1pathy Would it be possible to get line changes for the minor fixes, so I can apply them without having to reposition and size everything? I realize they may not line up, but at least I'll have somewhere to start. You'll find on this page http://svn.wowinterface.com/listing.php?repname=oUF_P3lim&path=...
|File: YamRaidtracker2 (EQDKP)03-05-09
Originally posted by Kagaro
i can...
Originally posted by Kagaro i can make libdatabroker plugin for 3 when it comes out I agree so. For those who use Fubar, Broker2Fubar is what they need.
|File: YamRaidtracker2 (EQDKP)02-18-09
More bigger main frame please.
I l...
More bigger main frame please. I like this addon and hope to see version 3 soon!
|File: oUF_Freebgrid01-28-09
Great! Grid takes too many mem/cpu...
Great! Grid takes too many mem/cpu usage. But what's Flourish? Is that Wild Growth? I locale the buff names with GetSpellInfo() http://yleaf.pastey.net/107163
|File: MikScrollingBattleText01-27-09
I love this great addon.
But have...
I love this great addon. But have you thought about add more animation styles? It would be awesome!
|File: oUF_Caellian01-10-09
Originally posted by Strongbow
Originally posted by Strongbow Why do you not support HealComm if I may ask ? Disable the raid frame in oUF_Caellian and use oUF_Grid. There is a modified HealComm in it.
|File: Ellipsis (Multi-Target DoT Timers)12-24-08
zhCN and zhTW locale is here:banana:
zhCN and zhTW locale is here:banana:
|File: Broker ItemRack11-12-08
Doesn't work fine with cargoShip....
Doesn't work fine with cargoShip. Cannot open the set list when left-click. Can you look into it?
|File: yGravier11-07-08
Originally posted by Beezleboss
Originally posted by Beezleboss Nice one! This is going straight into the addons folder ;) :)Thanks
|File: oUF_Caellian08-17-08
Beautiful layout.
But how can I ch...
Beautiful layout. But how can I change the oUF font and resize the font now? I want to use a font named "OUF.TTF" in
|File: ImprovedMerchant07-20-08
Originally posted by Macniel
Originally posted by Macniel thank you yaroot very very VERY Much :) :-p You foget to add zhCN & zhTW in line 37.
|File: ImprovedMerchant07-20-08
zhcn & zhtw locales
local LOCALE...
zhcn & zhtw locales local LOCALE = { = { = "Keine Filterung", = "Nothing", = "Nothing", = "Rien", = "无", = "無", }, = { = "Verwendbar", = "Usable", = "Usable", = "Utilisable" = "可用" = "可用" }, = { = "Suche", = "Search",...
|File: OPie07-06-08
Originally posted by Silvas
If It...
Originally posted by Silvas If ItemRack has slash commands you can use to swap sets, you can add those as custom macros to an OPie ring. I'm not currently interested in adding support specifically for ItemRack; you can, however, ask the ItemRack author(s) to write you something that does the trick. Em... ItemRack does have a cmd...
|File: OPie07-04-08
wonderful addon!
i use itemrack. b...
wonderful addon! i use itemrack. but i can't find anyway to add a itemrack set to an opie ring. can you add support for itemrack?


text:
Oven-Baked Pork Chops
cooking spray
1 large egg (or 1/4 cup egg substitute)
1 (4.2-ounce) box seasoned coating for pork
1 1/2 pounds center-cut pork loin chops
1/8 teaspoon pepper
1. Preheat oven to 425°F. Coat baking sheet with cooking spray. Place egg substitute in shallow bowl and pork coating in second shallow bowl.
Savory Blackeyed Peas
2 (15.8-ounce) cans black-eyed peas (undrained)
1 tablespoon cooked bacon pieces
1/8 teaspoon pepper
1. Combine all ingredients in medium saucepan.
Cooked Cabbage
1 1/2 cups water
2 tablespoons cooked bacon pieces
1 head cabbage (medium-size)
1/2 teaspoon salt
1/8 teaspoon pepper
1. Place water and bacon in large saucepan; cover and bring to boil on high. Boil 5 minutes.
Shopping List
Add items to your grocery list by clicking on the next to any item below.
The icon will change to to indicate that it has been added.
Utensils & Cookware
Aprons Advice
If preparing rice, begin cooking after black-eyed peas are started. Combine both, with a shot of hot pepper sauce, for a quick version of "Hoppin' John."
Recipe Version home0017


text:
Maximum Football 2.0 is Updated to 2.2
Maximum Football 2.0 is Updated to 2.2 Strap on the helmet head into the game A major Maximum Football Update is ready! Matrix Games and Wintervalley
Maximum Football 2.0 is Updated to 2.2 Strap on the helmet head into the game A major Maximum Football Update is ready! Matrix Games and Wintervalley
Harpoon 3 Advanced Naval Warfare Is Updated All hands on deck! A major new update is headed this way Matrix Games and Advanced Gaming Systems are ple
Wolverine Studios Announces Draft Day Sports: Pro Football Wolverine Studios, a developer of sports simulation games, is proud to announce a brand ne
DISCOVER THE SECRETS OF ULD WITH CHAPTER THREE OF MYTHOS Flagship Studios Seattle releases new chapter and launches redesigned site for highly antici
Official website for Europa Universalis Rome Launches Portal of Divination Uncovered Once more the courageous envoys from Paradox Interactive brave s
Midway Unveils Complete Roster for NBA Ballers: Chosen One Today Midway released a new video featuring the entire roster in NBA Ballers: Chosen One t
Hudson Releases First Official U.S. Trailer for Deca Sports Hudson Entertainment Releases the First Official U.S. Trailer for DECA SPORTS for Nintend
GameStop Launches Mobile Text-to-Win Contest for Grand Theft Auto IV Players Compete for a Trip to and the opportunity to win $10,000 GameStop, Corp.
The Political Machine 2008 Hits The Campaign Trail Stardocks Political Strategy PC Game Transforms Players Into High-Stakes Campaign Managers for the
Zu Online: Little Sky Open Now The Zu team is happy to announce the long-awaited, highly anticipated scene is now available to all Zu players! is a X
GOA And EA Announce Warhammer Online: Age Of Reckoning Collector's Edition The Ultimate Warhammer Online Experience Includes Exclusive Miniature, Ori
Summer's Almost Here and so is SingStar Summer Party It's packed with summer hits past and present for your PlayStation 2 Roll on summer - the weathe
PowerUp Studios Launches NOMBZ: Night of a Million Billion Zombies PowerUp Studios is very pleased to announce the release of NOMBZ: Night of a Milli
OPOONA, KOEI'S ROLE-PLAYING GAME FOR Wii IN STORES NOW Opoona is Ready to Take You on an Out-of-this-World Role-Playing Adventure KOEI, recognized wo
OPOONA, KOEI'S ROLE-PLAYING GAME FOR Wii IN STORES NOW Opoona is Ready to Take You on an Out-of-this-World Role-Playing Adventure KOEI, recognized wo
Spring-Themed Aircraft Variants Highlight Latest Downloadable Content for Ace Combat 6: Fires of Liberation NAMCO BANDAI Games today revealed informa
GoPets: Vacation Island Now Available in Retail Stores Nationwide Share Customizable Pets Online With Interactive Title on Nintendo DS Konami Digital
Reflective Layer Releases SilkWood Spring Reflective Layer today announced the release of SilkWood Spring, its artificial life game base on the adven
Ubisoft Announces Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Vegas 2 High Stakes Weekend on Xbox LIVE Fans Can Frag and Clear with the Rainbow Six Developers Online an
Lineage II - Hellbound Coming this April Though the largest free expansion in Lineage history, The Kamael, just launched in North America this past D


text:
POP CHAINSandal with black and white striped sole, green mesh chain front detail and green hammered brass detail
$ 1,195.00
$ 598.00
Sandals. Side buckle closure, Leather sole, Contrasting applications.
Composition: Nappa leather
Heel height: 4.3 Inches
Product code: A53170MAFN923801Made In Italy
Select size
The size shown for this item is the size indicated by the designer on the label.
Shipping & Returns
Delivery in 5-8 working days
Delivery in 2-4 working days
ShippingStandard Shipping
Delivery in 5-8 working days
$ 11.00Express Shipping
Delivery in 2-4 working days
$ 22.00
ReturnsMaking a return is quick and easy: you have 20 days from delivery to ship your items back to us using the pre-addressed UPS label included in your order. Read more on Returns & Refunds.


text:
Honda Automobiles
2010 Honda Accord Crosstour: Powertrain
The Honda Accord Crosstour comes standard with a 271 horsepower V-6 engine, a 5-speed automatic transmission and is available with the company's innovative Real Time™ 4WD system. The 3.5-liter, 24-valve SOHC i-VTEC powerplant with Variable Cylinder Management (VCM) that builds on technologies that have been developed and refined on previous Honda vehicles. With its 60-degree V-angle, the Accord's V-6 engine is inherently very smooth and has compact overall dimensions that allow efficient packaging within the vehicle. The automatic transmission includes a new G-force hold control feature along with an RPM rev-matching featuring when downshifting.
Powertrain Summary
- 3.5-liter i-VTEC V-6 engine with VCM
- 271-horsepower @ 6200 RPM, 254 lb-ft. of torque at 5,000 RPM
- Standard 5-speed automatic transmission and available Real Time 4WD
- City/highway fuel economy of 18/27 miles per gallon (2WD)1
- Emissions: ULEV-2 (CARB) / Tier 2, Bin 5 (Federal)
New Technology and Exclusive Features
- Expanded VCM engagement range for improved overall fuel efficiency
- Latest version of Active Control Engine Mounts
- Latest version of Active Lockup Torque Converter
- Automatic transmission lateral G-force gear hold control (Honda brand first)
- Automatic RPM rev-matching when downshifting (Honda brand first)
Engine Architecture
The Accord Crosstour's engine is an advanced 3.5-liter, SOHC, 24-valve, 60-degree, V-6, aluminum-block-and-head design that is compact, lightweight and powerful. The i-VTEC valvetrain and high efficiency intake manifold optimize cylinder-filling efficiency across a wide range of engine speeds. Low-restriction intake and exhaust systems, a 10.5:1 compression ratio and roller-type rocker arms further aid efficiency and power delivery across a broad RPM range.
The Accord Crosstour's V-6 has a die-cast lightweight aluminum alloy block with cast-in-place iron cylinder liners. Made with a centrifugal spin casting process, the thin-wall liners are high in strength and low in porosity. The block incorporates a deep-skirt design with four bolts per bearing cap for rigid crankshaft support and minimized noise and vibration. Both the block and caps are heat treated for greater strength.
A forged steel crankshaft is used for maximum strength, rigidity and durability with minimum weight. Instead of heavier nuts and bolts, connecting rod caps are secured in place with smaller, high-tensile-strength fasteners that screw directly into the connecting rod. Short-skirt, cast-aluminum, flat-top pistons are notched for valve clearance and fitted with full-floating piston pins.
2010 Honda Accord Crosstour i-VTEC V-6 engine
Like other Honda V-6 powerplants, the Accord Crosstour V-6 cylinder heads are a single-overhead-camshaft design, with the cams driven by the crankshaft via an automatically tensioned toothed belt. Made of low-pressure cast, low-porosity aluminum, each cylinder head incorporates an integrated exhaust manifold to reduce parts count, improve flow and optimize the location of the close-coupled catalyst on each cylinder bank.
The cylinder head employs four-valve combustion chambers, the best approach to optimum performance with excellent fuel efficiency and very low emissions. Valves are clustered near the center of the bore to minimize combustion chamber volume and to provide ample squish area. The 10.5:1 compression ratio helps maximize thermal efficiency, power output and fuel efficiency. One centrally located camshaft per cylinder bank is driven by a fiberglass-reinforced toothed belt. Head gaskets are made of high-strength materials to contain combustion pressures.
i-VTEC with 3-stage Variable Cylinder Management™ (VCM™)
To help improve the fuel efficiency of the V-6 engine, it incorporates the latest generation of Honda's VCM, which expands the operational range of cylinder activation compared to the Accord Sedan and Coupe V-6 engine. The Accord Crosstour's VCM system can operate on three, four or all six cylinders, and is standard on both two-wheel-drive and four-wheel-drive models.
During startup, acceleration or when climbing hills - any time high power output is required - the engine operates on all six cylinders. During moderate speed cruising and at low engine loads, the system operates just one bank of three cylinders. For moderate acceleration, higher-speed cruising and mild hills, the engine operates on four cylinders.
With three operating modes, the VCM system can finely tailor the working displacement of the engine to match the driving requirements from moment to moment. Since the system automatically closes both the intake and exhaust valves of the cylinders that are not used, pumping losses associated with intake and exhaust are eliminated and fuel efficiency increases. The VCM system combines maximum performance and maximum fuel efficiency - two characteristics that do not typically coexist in conventional engines.
VCM deactivates specific cylinders by using the VTEC (Variable Valve-Timing and Lift Electronic Control) system to close the intake and exhaust valves while simultaneously the Powertrain Control Module cuts fuel to those cylinders. When operating on three cylinders, the rear cylinder bank is shut down. When running on four cylinders, the left and center cylinders of the front bank operate, and the right and center cylinders of the rear bank operate.
The spark plugs continue to fire in inactive cylinders to minimize plug temperature loss and prevent fouling induced from incomplete combustion during cylinder re-activation. The system is electronically controlled, and uses special integrated spool valves that do double duty as rocker-shaft holders in the cylinder heads. Based on commands from the system's electronic control unit, the spool valves selectively direct oil pressure to the rocker arms for specific cylinders. This oil pressure in turn drives synchronizing pistons that connect and disconnect the rocker arms.
The VCM system monitors throttle position, vehicle speed, engine speed, automatic-transmission gear selection and other factors to determine the correct cylinder activation scheme for the operating conditions. In addition, the system determines whether engine oil pressure is suitable for VCM switching and whether catalytic-converter temperature will remain in the proper range. To smooth the transition between activating or deactivating cylinders, the system adjusts ignition timing, drive-by-wire throttle position and turns the torque converter lock-up on and off. As a result, the transition between three-, four-, and six-cylinder operation is unnoticeable to the driver.
Active Control Engine Mounts (ACM)
See the body section for information on the Active Control Engine Mounts.
High-Flow Exhaust System with Dual Outlets
A low-restriction, high-output, exhaust system is crucial to efficient power and torque production. A completely new exhaust system on the Accord accommodates its increased power output. Tubing diameter has been increased and new dual silencers are used. High-chromium stainless steel is used throughout the exhaust system for excellent durability. The Accord Crosstour's exhaust system is customized based on whether the vehicle is front-wheel-drive or four-wheel-drive. The front-wheel-drive exhaust system utilizes one large and one small resonator prior to the splitter that goes to each muffler. For packaging considerations with the propeller shaft and gas tank on four-wheel drive models, two smaller resonators are placed after the splitter that divides the exhaust route to each rear muffler. Both exhaust systems achieve the same flow rate of 135 l/s.
Key contributors to the engine's low emissions performance are its high-efficiency catalytic converters. The engine has its exhaust manifolds cast directly into the aluminum alloy cylinder heads to reduce weight and position each primary catalytic converter as close as possible to the combustion chambers. High-efficiency close-coupled converters mount directly to the exhaust port of each cylinder head for extremely rapid converter activation after engine startup. A third converter is positioned shortly downstream, beneath the passenger compartment floor. Both converters use a thin-wall design that increases internal reaction area and improves efficiency.
Powertrain Control Unit (PCU)
A 32-bit, 96MHz powertrain control unit (PCU) within the powertrain control module calculates injection timing and duration after assessing an array of sensor signals: crankshaft and camshaft position, throttle position, coolant temperature, intake manifold pressure and temperature, atmospheric pressure and exhaust-gas oxygen content. The PCU controls the Programmed Fuel Injection (PGM-FI) and i-VTEC valvetrain and also communicates with processors that regulate the five-speed automatic transmission.
Drive-By-Wire (DBW) Throttle System™
The Accord Crosstour's drive-by-wire throttle system uses smart electronics instead of a conventional cable system to connect the throttle pedal to the throttle butterfly in the intake tract. Besides allowing engineers to program the relationship between throttle pedal movement and engine response, the system optimizes engine response to suit driving conditions. The system monitors throttle pedal position, throttle butterfly position, vehicle speed, engine speed and engine vacuum. This information is used to define the throttle control sensitivity.
Programmed Fuel Injection (PGM-FI)
The Accord Crosstour's PGM-FI continually adjusts the fuel delivery to yield the best combination of power, low fuel consumption and low emissions. Multiple sensors constantly monitor critical operating parameters, such as throttle position, intake air temperature, coolant temperature, ambient air pressure, intake airflow volume, intake manifold pressure, exhaust air-fuel ratio and the position of the crankshaft and cams.
Direct Ignition and Detonation/Knock Control
The Powertrain Control Unit (PCU) monitors engine functions to determine the best spark timing. An engine-block mounted acoustic detonation/knock sensor "listens" to the engine, and based on this input, the PCU retards the ignition timing to prevent potentially damaging detonation. An ignition coil unit for each cylinder is positioned above each spark plug's access bore.
Regular Unleaded Fuel
To keep operating costs at a minimum, all Accord models are designed to use relatively less-expensive regular unleaded fuel, thanks to compact 4-valve combustion chambers and precise fuel injection and spark control.
Maintenance Minder System and Tune-Up Intervals
The Accord Crosstour's Maintenance Minder system calculates the engine's tune-up schedule based on driving conditions (tracked by the PCU). When determining proper maintenance intervals, the system minimizes owner guesswork about whether the vehicle is being operated in standard or severe conditions. The Accord Crosstour's Maintenance Minder information appears in the odometer display, and indicates when to change the oil, oil filter (every other oil change), air cleaner, transmission fluid, spark plugs, coolant, Real Time 4WD differential fluid as well as when to rotate the tires. A tune-up is not required until about 100,000 miles. (100K+/- Miles No Scheduled Tune-ups may vary with driving conditions. Does not apply to fluid and filter changes. Exact mileage is determined by actual driving conditions. The owner's manual contains full details). Long-life fluids have been used for reduced maintenance costs and environmental impact (fluid disposal). As a result, engine coolant changes are needed about every 10 years or approximately 100,000 miles, and engine oil changes are required around 7,500 miles under normal driving conditions, or annually if fewer miles are driven per year. The maintenance minder system calculates the exact miles between service intervals.
5-Speed Automatic Transmission with Grade Logic Control
The Accord Crosstour's 5-speed automatic transmission has several features engineered specifically to match its performance requirements, including extra-wide gear ratios for good low-end response and comfortable highway cruising; a computer-controlled lock-up torque converter; a rigid alloy case; and a 4-shaft design. Honda Grade Logic Control technology is designed to hold the vehicle in a lower gear when climbing or descending a steep grade for improved performance.
The transmission features an expanded complement of smart logic controls. A computer-controlled lock-up torque converter is provided to maximize fuel efficiency. Torque-converter lock-up and shift timing are both managed by a CPU working in cooperation with the engine's central processing unit. An over-running clutch is provided for first gear to smooth upshift quality. A direct-control strategy is used to provide real-time pressure management of the transmission's clutches. Various control strategies exclusive to the Accord Crosstour are utilized to allow for smooth coordination of engine and transmission operations. For example, the driveline shock that often accompanies gear changes is minimized by momentarily reducing engine torque during shifting.
2010 Honda Accord Crosstour 5-speed automatic transmission
To reduce gear "hunting" and unnecessary shifting, Grade Logic Control and Shift Hold Control systems are integrated into the shift programming of Accord automatic transmissions. Grade Logic Control alters the 5-speed automatic's shift schedule, reducing shift frequency while traveling uphill or downhill. Using inputs monitoring throttle position, vehicle speed and acceleration/deceleration, Grade Logic compares the operating parameters with a digital map stored in the transmission computer. When the system determines the Accord is on a hill, the shift schedule is adjusted to automatically hold the transmission in a lower gear for better climbing power or increased downhill engine braking.
|2010 Accord Crosstour
Gear Ratios
Shift Hold Control prevents up shifts to higher gears (fourth and fifth) in repeated winding-road situations where the throttle is quickly released and the brakes are applied. This reduces disturbance to the chassis when entering a corner, and ensures strong power is available without a downshift. Shift Hold Control improves throttle responsiveness and reduces unnecessary shifting on curving roads.
In addition to Grade Logic Control and Shift Hold control, the Accord Crosstour has Cornering G Shift Control, which is new to the Honda brand. This system measures the difference between right and left
wheel speeds using sensors to determine when the vehicle is in a corner. If the vehicle is cornering, it prevents the transmission from up shifting until the vehicle has exited the corner.
For manual gear operation using the gear selector, the Accord Crosstour exclusively features automatic RPM rev-matching when downshifting - a Honda brand first. The system uses the Drive-by-Wire throttle control's ability to "blip" the throttle and more closely match the engine's RPM to the transmission.
Real Time™ 4WD
The available four-wheel drive system on the Accord Crosstour is Honda's original designed Real Time 4WD. The objective of the technology is to best match the majority of driving situations that CUV's realistically encounter. The fully automatic Real Time 4WD system is designed to enhance all-weather and light-duty off-road capabilities when driving in rain, snow, dirt roads and sandy conditions - without the significant weight, fuel economy and handling performance drawbacks of a conventional four-wheel-drive system that requires a heavy transfer case and related parts.
The system sends power to the rear wheels only when there is insufficient traction for the front-wheel-drive system. The system consists of the conventional front-wheel-drive system, a compact transfer case that distributes torque to a propeller shaft running the length of the vehicle, a dual-pump system with a multi-plate clutch, a cam unit mechanism, the rear differential, and left and right rear-wheel driveshafts.
The core of the system is the dual-pump unit. It consists of two hydraulic pumps, one driven by the front wheels via the propeller shaft and one driven by the rear wheels via the rear differential. A hydraulically actuated, multi-plate clutch, similar to the clutches used in Honda automatic transmissions, connects the propeller shaft to the rear differential.
2010 Honda Accord Crosstour Real Time 4WD rear differential
When the vehicle is operating with the front and rear wheels turning at the same speed, for example on dry pavement, the front and rear hydraulic pumps operate at the same rate. Hydraulic fluid circulates between the two pumps and no pressure is generated. If the front wheels begin to turn faster than the rear wheels, as would be the case if they were spinning on snow or ice, the two hydraulic pumps would turn at a different rate and hydraulic pressure proportional to the difference in their speeds of rotation would be generated. The resulting hydraulic pressure opens a valve body and feeds pressure to the multi-plate clutch, which engages the front propeller shaft to the rear differential. The rear differential then feeds the drive torque to the right and left rear wheels.
To provide a quick torque transfer response time for transparent 4-wheel drive operation to the driver, the multi-plate clutch is supplemented by a one-way ball cam unit mechanism. The cam unit mechanism consists of two plates separated by six ball cams (large bearings) that move within ramped grooves. When a slight difference in rotation speed exists between the rear wheels and front wheels when driving forward, the ball cams move within the ramped grooves and create pressure that instantly begins the engagement of the main clutch (prior to the build-up of sufficient hydraulic pressure). By engaging the main clutch at a sufficient force even before the hydraulic pressure is generated by the two hydraulic pumps, the driving torque is transferred without a hint of time lag.
Overall system operation is completely automatic; no electronics or driver action is involved. The greater the degree of front-wheel slippage, the greater the amount of torque fed to the rear wheels. Real Time 4WD is also low maintenance. The Maintenance Minder system will indicate that the dual pump fluid should be changed.
The Honda Accord Crosstour has a maximum towing capacity of up to 1,500 pounds when properly equipped. Towing requires the addition of the Honda accessory trailer hitch, hitch ball and related accessories. Please see the owner's manual for details.
1 Based on 2010 EPA mileage estimates, reflecting new EPA fuel economy methods beginning with 2008 models. Use for comparison purposes only. Do not compare to models before 2008. Your actual mileage will vary depending on how you drive and maintain your vehicle.


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The table is most definitely the concentration of the dining-room both for aesthetic as well as functional reasons. Therefore, it must always be chosen with a great deal of care. You should be specifically cautious when deciding on expensive timber furnishings given that you'll expect it to last for a very long time. The complying with suggestions will certainly enable you to pick the best table for your dining-room:.
Your table needs to be big adequate to fit the number of people in your household (if size of the room is not a restriction) with room for more individuals if required. Make sure that you recognize the measurements of the space just before purchasing the table.
2. If you often acquire bunches of guests then a rectangle-shaped table is most ideal for you given that it will certainly enable you to house lots of them. Round tables are extremely attractive as well as individuals will quickly manage to talk with each various other around them however they are quite stringent when it comes to accommodating additional folks.
3. Square tables have a quite modern appearance and are completely fit for small spaces. Below as well, you need to pick a table that can be extended with the assistance of a fallen leave.
4. Constantly decide on a table that matches the decoration of your room whether it is conventional, rustic or modern-day. If the style does not match then the room will not look at all eye-catching because the table will be at odds with the other components of the area.
Look for signs of excellent construction in order to be certain that the table will last long. Driving test the table for movement; there shouldn't be any type of or else it will become shaky in a really short while.
6. Avoid purchasing a really pricey and elaborate table if you have tiny children in your home due to the fact that they will certainly utilize it roughly. You can constantly get a much better table when you recognize your children will certainly not wreck it.
Make sure to take excellent hygiene of your eating table in order to make certain that it lasts for a long period of time. Your dining-room will absolutely be a warm and inviting area.
The eating table is certainly the focus of the eating room both for visual as well as functional factors. The adhering to ideas will allow you to select the appropriate table for your dining area:.
Your table needs to be large enough to fit the number of folks in your family members (if size of the area is not a restriction) with room for more individuals if required. Always select a table that matches the design of your room whether it is traditional, rustic or modern-day. If the design does not match then the space will not look at all eye-catching considering that the table will be at odds with the other aspects of the area.


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The AJL website has been down for a few weeks but we are finally back up and running! You should have seen the link to the July Jewish Book Carnival on our Facebook page in the meantime, but now we are pleased to officially post it here on our blog.
The Jewish Book Carnival is a monthly roundup of links to Jewish literary content from across the blogosphere. This month's Carnival is hosted by Barbara Krasner at The Whole Megillah. You'll find interviews, reviews, and a report on Book Expo. Enjoy!
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The stupidest job interview question
You might not want to answer it truthfully.
There's an all-too-common job interview question that "FMF" at Free Money Finance finds stupid and useless: "What is your biggest weakness?"
Seriously, are you going to answer that one honestly? "I'm a
compulsive liar." "I chew my cuticles until they bleed. It makes a real
mess at my desk." Or how about: "I'm obsessed with all things George
Clooney. I have his face tattooed on my rear."
FMF also offers some humorous possibilities, including "I like to sleep on the job since I find the sounds of office machinery to be soothing."
You'd be a fool to be honest about your worst weakness or fault, he says, so what's the best way to answer that question?
In a post called "The never-ending debate on the 'weakness' question," FMF examines several possible strategies -- including offering a "weakness" designed to make your potential employer melt. It's an approach he used in the distant past. One of his examples: "I'm a workaholic. Even on weekends, I'm putting in extra hours to get the most for my company."
But now he's not so sure about that strategy. He notes that a U.S. News & World Report article says that "candidates who offer strengths camouflaged as weaknesses come across as lacking insight or self-awareness." Or perhaps sincerity.
So what's left? Talk about a real weakness, FMF says, but only if
it's not too awful, you've fixed it, and you can explain how you did it
in a convincing way.
Several readers said the "weakness" question may actually be valuable in judging a job candidate's honesty or self-awareness.
"I like the idea of having a 'solved' weakness stored up and ready to go," added Mary from SimplyForties.
Published Feb. 13, 2009
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