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Results for Faith and Spirituality
From the Archives: March 1986
Originally Posted: 02/17/2014 - 10:30am | Type: Magazine Article
Elizabeth McAlister Exodus and Community AN ASTONISHING aspect of the miracle that was the Exodus is the reco ...
Loose Threads
Originally Posted: 01/31/2014 - 9:37am | Type: Blog
Each of us is a thread woven into the fabric of our world. We're looped around each other, pulled tightly to one another, intimately bound to one another. I noticed a loose threa ...
The State of the Communion
Originally Posted: 01/31/2014 - 2:21pm | Type: Blog
While millions around us were gathered in homes, bars and other public places to watch the State of the Union of the United States, we were together receiving the State of the Communion of the Kingdom of God. ...
Christianity 21: Cultivating a More Generous Christian Conversation
Originally Posted: 01/29/2014 - 2:08pm | Type: Blog
Doug Pagitt and Tony Jones are focused on helping visionaries, activists, and theologians discern what it means to be a follower of Jesus in the 21st century. Doug Pagitt and Tony ...
David Brooks and Religious Hostility: Tasting Goodness
Originally Posted: 01/28/2014 - 2:34pm | Type: Blog
Why do religious believers spend so much energy reinforcing their (our – I'm one of those orthodox believers) borders, building thicker and higher dividing walls designed to keep out the underserving, the sinn ...
On Scripture: Enjoy the Super Bowl; Be Suspicious of Its Values
Originally Posted: 01/28/2014 - 10:36am | Type: Blog
At least, when we read the opening sentences of Jesus' Sermon on the Mount (found in Matthew 5:1-12), it seems his values are light years away from the confident and muscular ethos that football teams rel ...
Rethinking 'Faith Like A Child'
Originally Posted: 01/27/2014 - 5:15pm | Type: Blog
Children's faiths are alive and strong, and the church needs to recognize this instead of repeating corny "children's sermons" that are usually well intentioned but often developmentally inappropriate. The chu ...
Vial of Pope John Paul II's Blood Stolen from Italian Church
Originally Posted: 01/27/2014 - 3:34pm | Type: Blog
A vial containing the blood of the late Pope John Paul II was stolen from a village church in a mountainous area east of Rome. A vial containing the blood of the late Pope John Pa ...
Those Who Know Where Pain Lives: A Treatise on Presence
Originally Posted: 01/27/2014 - 11:20am | Type: Blog
What about the God who seems to be known by God's absence as much as by God's presence? What happens when we don't feel God's proximity uninterrupted? Last year, I wrote ...
Breaking Out
Originally Posted: 01/27/2014 - 10:54am | Type: Blog
We build many individual shells. Ideas and beliefs easily harden into a shell of certainty and leave us in a small, dark space. We all have prejudices and fears that act like shells, keeping us apart from othe ...
Friendship as Justice
Originally Posted: 01/24/2014 - 5:37pm | Type: Blog
Friends don't pity; they love. Justice work, at its best, is as simple as making a friend. Overheard on a Facebook conversation last week: "There is really not much difference bet ...
Books Project Helps Atheists Make the Case For Unbelief Behind Bars
Originally Posted: 01/22/2014 - 5:43pm | Type: Blog
Leslie Zukor was a 19-year-old student at Reed College studying prison rehabilitation programs when something jumped out at her. Leslie Zukor was a 19-year-old student at Reed Col ...
Obama's Religious Freedom Record
Originally Posted: 01/22/2014 - 2:56pm | Type: Blog
Barack Obama's critics allege that the president doesn't practice what he preaches on international religious freedom policy. Barack Obama's critics allege that the president does ...
When Christians Love Theology More Than People
Originally Posted: 01/22/2014 - 12:16pm | Type: Blog
The practical application of your love is just as important as the theology behind it. Our faith is evidenced by how we treat others. Does the reality of your life reflect the theory behind your spiritual beli ...
In the Beginning (A Theopoetic)
Originally Posted: 01/22/2014 - 9:17am | Type: Blog
Poem "In the Beginning" Recently, I presented this piece at the Christianity 21 Conference in Denver, and then at South Broadway Christian Church later that same wee ...
10 Things You Can't SAY While Following Jesus
Originally Posted: 01/21/2014 - 11:45am | Type: Blog
I think people who say these things are mostly trying to be kind, grateful, and even humble when they say some of them. But if we really do want to be kind, grateful, and humble we need to think about these sa ...
Be a Light
Originally Posted: 01/20/2014 - 10:33am | Type: Blog
Don't wait for someone else to bring the light. Be the light. Light is important to us. Those of us who live in the Midwest are reminded of how much we need it during this time of ...
Supporting Cast: Why We Need to Be More Patient and Forgiving
Originally Posted: 01/17/2014 - 4:26pm | Type: Blog
We should want to be as patient and forgiving as God is. In that way we can encourage our brothers and sisters and hopefully help them to continue in their journey of changing their lives for the better. ...
Wanted: A New Ambassador-at-Large for Religious Freedom
Originally Posted: 01/16/2014 - 12:34pm | Type: Blog
It's been three months since the Rev. Suzan Johnson Cook resigned as the State Department's religious freedom watchdog, and those who decry religious persecution in Syria, Sudan, and elsewhere are wondering ho ...
Fans Rely on God, Rituals to Boost Favorite Team
Originally Posted: 01/16/2014 - 12:10pm | Type: Blog
Most Americans don't think God or the devil will be picking the NFL playoff winners this weekend or any other sports champions. Most Americans don't think God or the devil will b ...
Why I Won't Sign a Statement of Faith
Originally Posted: 01/16/2014 - 10:00am | Type: Blog
In many cases, it seems that a statement of faith is more of a social contract that helps maintain appearances of uniformity, despite the reality that, lo and behold, each organization is made up of individual ...
Pete Holmes Searching for Comedic Communion
Originally Posted: 01/15/2014 - 4:23pm | Type: Blog
For a period in his younger life, the host of "The Pete Holmes Show" on TBS, which debuted late last year and follows "Conan" on late-night TV, was on a trajectory to become a youth pastor. ...
Canterbury Cathedral to Host First-ever Girls' Choir
Originally Posted: 01/14/2014 - 3:14pm | Type: Blog
Canterbury Cathedral, mother church of the 85 million-member worldwide Anglican Communion, will have its first girls' choir perform since it was rebuilt nearly 1,000 years ago. Ca ...
Learning to Surrender
Originally Posted: 01/14/2014 - 10:30am | Type: Blog
We have to let go of things that are holding us back so that we can reach for God. It was my junior year of college. I sat in the balcony of chapel listening to a message and expe ...
Pope Francis' Cardinals Point the Way To Catholicism's Future
Originally Posted: 01/13/2014 - 4:35pm | Type: Blog
In naming his first batch of new cardinals on Sunday, Pope Francis made some surprising choices that largely confirmed the characteristics he wants in the Catholic Church he leads. ...
A New Normal: Ten Things I've Learned About Trauma
Originally Posted: 01/13/2014 - 3:03pm | Type: Blog
Trauma upends everything we took for granted, including things we didn't know we took for granted. And many of these realities I wish I'd known when I first encountered them. So, while the work of life and hea ...
On Scripture: An Unexpected Servant -- The Leadership of Pope Francis (Isaiah 49:1-7)
Originally Posted: 01/13/2014 - 11:17am | Type: Blog
As the New Year brings reflection over the past year, we have heard much about Pope Francis and the ways he has surprised Catholics and non-Catholics alike. As the New Year brings ...
I Hope We Never Become a 'Christian Nation' Again
Originally Posted: 01/10/2014 - 1:33pm | Type: Blog
Many Christians today use the term "post-Christian" to describe the United States in conjunction with their assumptions that our nation is falling deeper and deeper into a moral decline, but this word presuppo ...
Four Reasons Churches Stink at Transformation (and What We Can Do About It)
Originally Posted: 01/10/2014 - 1:41pm | Type: Blog
The most important transformations are spiritual and emotional ones. Yet, the fitness community does transformations better than churches do. Though we have many stories of people ...
Pope Francis' Message for Washington
Originally Posted: 01/08/2014 - 2:05pm | Type: Blog
As an evangelical whose work has focused on the intersection of faith and public life, let me offer two additional reflections that will render Pope Francis more understandable to our public life. ...
Church Shouldn't Be This Hard
Originally Posted: 01/09/2014 - 9:54am | Type: Blog
After 36 years of serving churches as a pastor and consultant, I came to a startling conclusion the other day. My conclusion: Religion shouldn't be this hard. After 36 years of se ...
Yes, the Pope Is Still Catholic, Despite What You Heard
Originally Posted: 01/08/2014 - 1:03pm | Type: Blog
No doubt about it, Pope Francis is generating the kind of Internet buzz and sky-high Q Scores that brand managers can only dream of. But is the pontiff becoming a victim of his own good press? ...
Church of England's Alternative Baptism Liturgy Drops Reference to Devil
Originally Posted: 01/06/2014 - 4:14pm | Type: Blog
The Church of England has been accused of "dumbing down" the baptism service following the introduction of an alternative liturgy in which parents and godparents need not repent of their "sins" or reject "the ...
70 Really Is the New 50 ... If You Take Care of Yourself!
Originally Posted: 01/07/2014 - 11:06am | Type: Blog
What is so amazing is that I feel many times better today than I felt at 60, 50, or even 40. 70 really IS the new 50! Good health is a blessing from God. Self-care is a "Thank you" for the blessing. ...
Can Paul Be Redeemed?
Originally Posted: 01/08/2014 - 10:28am | Type: Magazine Article
Reta Halteman Finger Why some of us love Jesus and don't like Paul. "Jesus was a radical who welcomed ev ...
In Pursuit of Wholeness
Originally Posted: 01/08/2014 - 10:28am | Type: Magazine Article
Bob Sabath Cynthia Bourgeault Cynthia Bourgeault explains how we can both seek social ...
Five Spiritual Resolutions For 2014: What Elders, Suffering, And Loss Have Taught Me About The Gospel
Originally Posted: 01/03/2014 - 5:35pm | Type: Press
January 3, 2014 Sojo in the News Jim Wallis ...
Christians On Right And Left Agree; Church Must Push Back Against Trend Of Government Cynicism
Originally Posted: 01/03/2014 - 5:33pm | Type: Press
January 3, 2014 Sojo in the News Morgan Lee ...
I Pledge Allegiance To The Kingdom Of God
Originally Posted: 01/03/2014 - 5:30pm | Type: Press
January 3, 2014 Sojo in the News Keith Giles ...
Pastor's Corner: Consider A Deeper Resolution To Compassion
Originally Posted: 01/03/2014 - 5:27pm | Type: Press
January 3, 2014 Sojo in the News Sister M. Brigid Clingman ...
Hell and the Love of God
Originally Posted: 01/16/2014 - 12:58pm | Type: Magazine Article
Christian Piatt Where do our ideas about hell come from? I GREW UP IN THE BAPTIST CHURCH, memorizing scriptur ...
Beyond Fire and Brimstone
Originally Posted: 01/08/2014 - 10:23am | Type: Magazine Article
Brian McLaren Jesus' teaching about hell flipped popular imagery of the afterlife upside down—and offered a radical, transformative ...
Seventh-day Adventist Pastor Plans to Flirt with Atheism for 12 Months
Originally Posted: 01/03/2014 - 4:50pm | Type: Blog
California pastor Ryan Bell has a novel New Year's resolution. For one year, he proclaimed, he will "live without God." California pastor Ryan Bell has a novel New Year's reso ...
Help! I Love Jesus but Hate Christianity!
Originally Posted: 01/03/2014 - 10:21am | Type: Blog
Sentiments of frustration are growing among many followers of Jesus who admire Christ but despise certain things associated with him. I love the grace, forgiveness, and love th ...
Five Spiritual Resolutions for 2014: What Elders, Suffering, and Loss Have Taught Me About the Gospel
Originally Posted: 01/02/2014 - 4:08pm | Type: Blog
This past year taught me so much about the gospel and caused me to go deeper into my faith. As this new year begins, here are five spiritual resolutions I learned from last year. ...
What If We Listened?
Originally Posted: 01/02/2014 - 11:42am | Type: Blog
How about if we put down our dukes and listen? How about if we refrain from seeing differences as a threat — even if opinions are delivered in a somewhat threatening way — and instead seek to see stories? ...
My 10 Favourite Books Of 2013
Originally Posted: 01/02/2014 - 10:58am | Type: Press
January 2, 2014 Sojo in the News Father Ron Rolheiser ...
The 25 Best Progressive Victories Of 2013
Originally Posted: 01/02/2014 - 10:44am | Type: Press
January 1, 2014 Sojo in the News Peter Dreier ...
14 Things the Church Needs to Do in 2014
Originally Posted: 01/02/2014 - 11:04am | Type: Blog
New Year's resolutions however are not just for people. I believe that there are 14 things that the church needs to do in 2014, if the church is to thrive, grow, and be relevant in the 21st century. ...
Rivers in the Desert: Why New Year's Day Is a Christian Holiday
Originally Posted: 01/01/2014 - 10:28am | Type: Blog
The celebrations of New Year's Eve are, in some ways, just an excuse to indulge ourselves in excessive partying, but they also stand in contrast against the hopes we hold for the following day. ...


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Over and over all I hear from Barry down to last welfare recipient at the bottom of the economic totem pole is. "Bush did it".
1) Starting in the sixties there was an explosion of children born out-of-wedlock and kids who don't grow up in two parent families fare more poorly percentage wise on just about any and every scale imaginable including substance abuse, teenage pregnancies, suicide rates, criminality and homelessness.
2) Many people are becoming so childlike in their dependence on the government that they can't save for their own retirement, escape from an oncoming hurricane, or even purchase their own birth control without the government handling it for them.
3) Our legal system encourages frivolous lawsuits, is punitively expensive...

subset: commoncrawl


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Penguin Behavior
The photo is of "Dunker" lifting his beak into the air and fluffing its head feathers outwards. The behavior is described as an Ecstatic display. This is usually performed while a penguin is in its territory. It is performed after another bird threatens, or if many birds are also displaying. The primary function is advertisement, attracting females, or stating territory ownership. This young bird is displaying after being challenged by another young male. The juveniles are currently challenging each other for dominance and for territory. This is observed frequently for the first few years of their life.


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You're leaving Wedding Paper Divas to see the Deal of the Day at our parent site, Tiny Prints.
You won't be able to dismiss this by usual means (escape or click button), but you can close it programatically based on user choices or actions.
"I loved the design of these thank you cards. My concern was that the bottom 2 pictures would come out too small. They turned out to be perfect size! This was my second time ordering from WPD, first time being the actual wedding invitations, and I loved working with them both times. This time, I requested a few changes to be done to the card and I was impressed by how quickly they were done. I received my digital proof within 1-2 hours of placing the order and the cards arrived almost a week before the initial scheduled arrival date. Moreover, I just received a hand written personalized note from the designer who worked on my cards (Dawn) and was so pleased. I never received a personal hand written note from any company before! I will absolutely return in the future for more products!"
"High quality, fast service. Cards are a bit small, but perfect to write a quick thank you note on. These were perfect for us. I'd order these again without question."
"It was all personalized and felt they were one of the kind. I loved them wished they were a tad bigger but did not effect how much I loved them and my guests too."
"These thank you cards are so beautiful! I was very impressed with the quality of the paper and the photo quality. I also very much appreciate the option to customize the fonts, as I was able to use the same font for all my wedding stationary. The only thing I would mention is that the cards are smaller than I thought they would be - my mistake for not reading the dimensions properly. I assumed it was a 5 x 7 card, but it is actually much smaller. Chose your photos with that in mind -close up shots actually work much better than full length shots."
"I decided to chose several photos from throughout the night and now when I look at the thank you card, I am reminded of what a wonderful night I shared with the people closest to me."


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- Color
- Eldorado
Eldorado: yellow gold w/gold sparkle
Achieve clean, sharp Waterproof lines with shocking ease.
The newest addition to Urban Decay's 24/7 franchise is available in a veritable rainbow of long-lasting, highly-pigmented, Waterproof color options --- a ton of shades ranging from matte to glossy to shimmery! (And why would you only buy one? Try them all!)
Use the ultra-fine brush tip to create lines that are razor-thin or thick, even and bold. The brush is also short and easy to control, making it ideal for liquid liner newbies.
The slim pens are convenient - go ahead and pack'em all into your makeup bag - and are color-matched to each shade.
They've packaged them inside their flashy new box that houses all of the products in the 24/7 franchise.
|Urban Decay Cosmetics, LLC
|Shake before use. Remove with a makeup remover such as Urban Decay's Meltdown Makeup Remover.


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Find commute times to your work, school, gym and more.
Lake Underhill Garden Apartments
5856 Lake Underhill Road, Orlando FL 32807 $715 - $829 0-3 Bed Pets OK
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Kaieteur Falls is a high-volume waterfall on the Potaro River in central Guyana, Potaro-Siparuni region. It is located in Kaieteur National Park. It is 226 meters (741 ft) high when measured from its plunge over a sandstone and conglomerate cliff to the first break. It then flows over a series of steep cascades that, when included in the measurements, bring the total height to 251 meters (822 ft). While many falls have greater height, few have the combination of height and water volume. This has given Kaieteur Falls the misleading label of "largest single drop" waterfall in the World which is often misinterpreted as "tallest single drop." However, it is likely one of the most powerful waterfalls in the world.
Kaieteur Falls is about three times higher than the more well known Niagara Falls, located on the border between Canada and the United States and about two times the height of the Victoria Falls located on the border of Zambia and Zimbabwe in Africa. It is a single drop waterfall which is the 123rd tallest (single and multi-drop waterfall) in the world, according to the World Waterfall Database. The same web site lists it as 19th largest waterfall in terms of volume, and in their estimation, Kaieteur is the 26th most scenic waterfall in the world.
Kaieteur Falls is a major tourist attraction in Guyana. The falls is located in Kaieteur National Park and is in the centre of Guyana's rainforest. There are frequent flights between the falls' airstrip and Ogle Airport and Cheddi Jagan International Airport in Georgetown.
Kaieteur International Airport is located on the left bank of the Potaro river and is 6 kilometers from Kaieteur falls. The Kaieteur International Airport serves the Potaro-Siparuni regions.


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Fit Blogger We Love: Chef Katelyn
Written on July 12, 2012 at 4:41 pm , by Samantha Shelton
Katelyn and her blog, Chef Katelyn, can be summed up in four words, which happen to be her mantra: Eat Clean, Sweat Dirty. Always striving to live that phrase to the fullest, this Syracuse University college girl gives us the low-down on her hardcore workouts, delicious meals and the in-between stuff that happens in her daily life. She's even nice enough to let us in on her blogging secrets (spoiler: you don't have to carry around a huge camera to score pretty pictures), in case you want to jazz up your own site. Talk about the total package.
My favorite way to work out: Yoga or CrossFit. I also love tabata-style interval workouts. I'm a sweat junkie.
5 things I can't live without: My iPhone (21st-century college student problems), Vega vanilla protein powder, coffee, my family (is that more than one thing?) and a super-boho pair of sandals.
My biggest indulgence: Frozen yogurt. Some of you might roll your eyes because "frozen yogurt is so healthy," but it's really not that healthy when I make it. Think: 25 percent frozen yogurt, 75 percent toppings. Most of said toppings are a variety of Reese's (yum)!
My motivation comes from: My readers, fellow bloggers, Instagram-ers, Twitter buddies and FitFluential rock stars. I would say all of my motivation comes from inside, but the real boost comes when a reader shares his or her accomplishments of the day. It keeps me going!
My fitness mantra: #EatCleanSweatDirty. It's the challenge, my logo and my daily mantra. I even put it on pillowcases.
Do you have a favorite fit blogger you want us to highlight? Leave a comment below or email firstname.lastname@example.com
Categories: Fitness, Motivation, The Fit Stop, Workouts | Tags: chef katelyn, CrossFit, eat clean sweat dirty, fit blogger we love, fitfluential
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RN to BSN Post-Licensure Program
Dear Prospective Student:
Congratulations on your decision to consider returning to school for a Bachelor of Science Degree in Nursing. The Institute of Medicine's Future of Nursing Report strongly encourages all nurses to obtain their BSN prior to 2020. The California State University, Bakersfield's RN to BSN Program offers new windows of opportunity for professional growth. Upon completion of the program, you will be eligible to apply for a Public Health Nurse (PHN) certificate that permits you to work in either public health or school nursing and various community-based organizations. A basic knowledge of nursing theory, research methods, nursing leadership, and community health nursing set the BSN graduate apart from the ADN graduate. You will also gain a deeper understanding of pathophysiology which will be invaluable in your clinical setting.
I too was an RN to BSN student and saw the progression as part of my own desire for life-long learning. I felt that in some ways I had an advantage over the traditional students in my program because as we touched on different topics, I had real world experience. The new knowledge I was acquiring added such depth to my practice. I found the journey to be an exciting exploration of the world of nursing.
We work closely with our faculty, nursing leaders, ADN programs, and community members to craft a solid and current curriculum for the RN to BSN student. We receive positive feedback from the community and our students regarding the quality of our program. The CSUB RN to BSN Program is flexible so it can accommodate your work schedule. We currently offer all Nursing lecture courses online. This program is not intended for students residing outside of the Bakersfield, Visalia, or Lancaster areas, as we still require 100 hours of clinical for Community Health.
Applications for the cohort starting Summer 2014 will be accepted February 1, 2014 through April 12, 2014. Applications are screened based on a ranking system. Please see the General Information tab for more information.
You may access the program information above using the drop-down menus at the top of this page. Please contact Brynn Schock, the Program Advisor, at (661) 654-2610 or by email at firstname.lastname@example.com for transfer information and distance advising.
I look forward to your great success in our program.
Phyllis A. Heintz, PhD, MN, RN
Program Director, RN to BSN Program
Department of Nursing


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text: Just wondering how long it took for AF to return. I'm really enjoying this and not in a rush for AF She started food, but isn't really eating a lot-especially right now because she's sick. So this past week and a half we've been EBF. Never a drop of formula or skipped a feeding. I'm a SAHM so she pretty much has me on tap.


text: content PROSTATE CANCER EARLY STAGE Printing? Use This! Staging of early prostate cancer: a proposed tumor volume-based prognostic index. Tumor volume and prostate specific antigen: implications for early detection and defining a window of curability. The development of human benign prostatic hyperplasia with age. Longitudinal evaluation of prostate-specific antigen levels in men with and without prostate disease. Prostate specific antigen progression rates after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer. Prostate specific antigen regression and progression after androgen deprivation for localized and metastatic prostate cancer. Early stage prostate cancer treated with radiation therapy: stratifying an intermediate risk group. Prostate specific antigen and gleason grade: an immunohistochemical study of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer volume adds significantly to prostate-specific antigen in the prediction of early biochemical failure after external beam radiation therapy. Calculated prostate cancer volume: the optimal predictor of actual cancer volume and pathologic stage. Morphometry of the prostate: I. Distribution of tissue components in hyperplastic glands. Inhibition of Kupffer cell functions as an explanation for the hepatoprotective properties of silibinin. Anaemia associated with androgen deprivation in patients with prostate cancer receiving combined hormone blockade. Improved survival in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy and goserelin. Predictors of improved outcome for patients with localized prostate cancer treated with neoadjuvant androgen ablation therapy and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. Stage T1-2 prostate cancer with pretreatment prostate-specific antigen level < or = 10 ng/ml: radiation therapy or surgery? Bilateral orchiectomy with or without flutamide for metastatic prostate cancer. Major advantages of "early" administration of endocrine combination therapy in advanced prostate cancer. Maximal androgen blockade: final analysis of EORTC phase III trial 30853. EORTC Genito-Urinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group and the EORTC Data Center. Treatment with finasteride following radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Finasteride and flutamide as potency-sparing androgen-ablative therapy for advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate. A case for synchronous reduction of testicular androgen, adrenal androgen and prolactin for the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the prostate. Anemia associated with advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma: effects of recombinant human erythropoietin. Recent advances on PSA and cancer growth. Anemia associated with androgen deprivation(AAAD) due to combination hormone blockade (CHB) responds to recombinant human erythropoietin (r hu-EPO). Intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD) with finasteride (F) during induction and maintenance permits prolonged time off IAD in localized prostate cancer (LPC). Staging of early prostate cancer: a proposed tumor volume-based prognostic index. Bostwick DG, Graham SD Jr, Napalkov P, Abrahamsson PA, di Sant'agnese PA, Algaba F, Hoisaeter PA, Lee F, Littrup P, Mostofi FK, et al Mayo Clinic Department of Pathology, Rochester, Minnesota 55905. Urology 1993 May;41(5):403-11 Current staging of early prostate cancer separates patients into two groups: those with palpable and non-palpable tumors. Such staging relies on digital rectal examination in making this separation, despite the low sensitivity, low specificity, and low positive predictive value of this method. As an alternative, tumor volume may be useful for staging because of its powerful prognostic ability and its potential to be assessed clinically due to recent advances in imaging techniques such as transrectal ultrasound. In this study, we evaluate the utility of tumor volume in predicting progression of early prostate cancer based on the composite published evidence from nine pathologic studies of serially-sectioned prostates. Logistic regression revealed that tumor volume was a good positive predictor of all measures of tumor progression. There was a 10 percent probability of capsular invasion in tumors measuring about 0.5 cm3; 10 percent probability of seminal vesicle invasion in tumors measuring about 4.0 cm3; and 10 percent probability of metastases in tumors measuring about 5.0 cm3. These composite results suggest that tumor volume is a significant predictor of cancer progression. A volume-based prognostic index is proposed as an adjunct to staging for early prostate cancer. Tumor volume and prostate specific antigen: implications for early detection and defining a window of curability. Babaian RJ, Troncoso P, Steelhammer LC, Lloreta-Trull J, Ramirez EI Department of Urology, University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA. J Urol 1995 Nov;154(5):1808-12 PURPOSE: We attempted to determine the relationship between tumor volume and extent of localized prostate cancer, as well as the interrelationships of tumor volume with prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, grade and stage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Serial whole mount sections from 128 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy were analyzed using a computer assisted volumetric program. Statistical evaluations were performed using logistic and simple regression analyses. RESULTS: The median tumor volume for patients with organ confined disease was significantly lower than for those with extraprostatic extension (1.25 versus 2.94 cc, p < 0.001). A significant incidence (32%) of small volume cancers (0.51 to 1.5 cc) exhibited extraprostatic extension while that of extraprostatic disease increased to 66% for patients with tumor volumes greater than 1.5 cc (p < 0.001). Of men with clinically significant (greater than 0.5 cc, or Gleason score 7 or more) pathological stage B disease 31% had a serum PSA value of 4 ng./ml. or less. Multivariate regression analysis of tumor volume as a function of PSA, grade and stage demonstrated that log PSA had the strongest association with tumor volume. Goodness-of-fit analysis (coefficient of determination) revealed that only 40 to 50% of the PSA levels are explained by tumor volume. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the window of curability for prostate cancer decreases significantly once the tumor grows to a volume greater than 1.5 cc, and that grade and tumor volume are more significantly related to stage than PSA. The development of human benign prostatic hyperplasia with age. Berry SJ, Coffey DS, Walsh PC, Ewing LL J Urol 1984 Sep;132(3):474-9 In this study we report the prevalence and growth rate of human benign prostatic hyperplasia with age by combining and analyzing data from 10 independent studies containing more than 1,000 prostates. The normal prostate reaches 20 plus or minus 6 gm. in men between 21 and 30 years old, and this weight remains essentially constant with increasing age unless benign prostatic hyperplasia develops. The prevalence of pathological benign prostatic hyperplasia is only 8 per cent at the fourth decade; however, 50 per cent of the male population has pathological benign prostatic hyperplasia when they are 51 to 60 years old. The average weight of a prostate that is recognized at autopsy to contain benign prostatic hyperplasia is 33 plus or minus 16 gm. Only 4 per cent of the prostates in men more than 70 years old reach sizes greater than 100 gm. An analysis of a logistic growth curve of benign prostatic hyperplasia lesions removed at prostatectomy indicates that the growth of benign prostatic hyperplasia is initiated probably before the patient is 30 years old. The early phase of benign prostatic hyperplasia growth (men between 31 and 50 years old) is characterized by a doubling time for the tumor weight of 4.5 years. In the mid phase of benign prostatic hyperplasia growth (men between 51 and 70 years old) the doubling time is 10 years, and increases to more than 100 years in patients beyond 70 years old. Longitudinal evaluation of prostate-specific antigen levels in men with and without prostate disease. Carter HB, Pearson JD, Metter EJ, Brant LJ, Chan DW, Andres R, Fozard JL, Walsh PC Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. JAMA 1992 Apr 22-29;267(16):2215-20 OBJECTIVE--To evaluate longitudinal changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in men with and without prostate disease. DESIGN--Case-control study of men with and without prostate disease who were participants in a prospective aging study. SETTING--Gerontology Research Center of the National Institute on Aging; the Baltimore (Md) Longitudinal Study of Aging. PATIENTS--Sixteen men with no prostate disease (control group), 20 men with a histologic diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and 18 men with a histologic diagnosis of prostate cancer. OUTCOME MEASURES--Multiple PSA and androgen determinations on serum samples obtained from 7 to 25 years prior to histologic diagnosis or exclusion of prostate disease. RESULTS--Changes in androgen levels with age did not differ between groups. Control subjects did not show a significant change in PSA levels with age. There was a significant difference in the age-adjusted rate of change in PSA levels between groups (prostate cancer greater than BPH greater than control; P less than .01). At 5 years before diagnosis when PSA levels did not differ between subjects with BPH and prostate cancer, rate of change in PSA levels (0.75 micrograms/L per year) was significantly greater in subjects with prostate cancer compared with control subjects and subjects with BPH. Also, rate of change in PSA levels distinguished subjects with prostate cancer from subjects with BPH and control subjects with a specificity of 90% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS-The most significant factor affecting serum PSA levels with age is the development of prostate disease. Rate of change in PSA levels may be a sensitive and specific early clinical marker for the development of prostate cancer. Prostate specific antigen progression rates after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer. Fowler JE Jr, Pandey P, Braswell NT, Seaver L Division of Urology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216. Surgery 1994 Aug;116(2):302-5; discussion 305-6 BACKGROUND. The purpose of the study was to determine whether a difference is noted in the rate of prostate specific antigen (PSA) elevation after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer. METHODS. PSA doubling times were calculated by linear regression analysis in 50 patients who had been treated by radical prostatectomy and who had three or more increasing PSA levels and in 55 patients who had been treated with radiation therapy and who had three or more increasing PSA levels. RESULTS. No significant difference was noted in the mean PSA doubling times in the two patient groups when stratified by the site of tumor recurrence or by pretreatment tumor stage, tumor grade, or acid phosphatase level. CONCLUSIONS. Because the PSA doubling time probably parallels the tumor growth rate, these data suggest that the malignant potentials of recurrent tumor after radical prostatectomy and after radiation therapy are equivalent. Prostate specific antigen regression and progression after androgen deprivation for localized and metastatic prostate cancer. Fowler JE Jr, Pandey P, Seaver LE, Feliz TP, Braswell NT Division of Urology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA. J Urol 1995 Jun;153(6):1860-5 To identify prostate specific antigen (PSA) functions of prognostic significance in regard to treatment with androgen deprivation for prostate cancer we analyzed the pretreatment PSA, PSA half-life, PSA nadirs, times to PSA elevation and PSA doubling times in 245 patients with localized and 78 with metastatic disease who were treated with this modality. There was a direct correlation between the pretreatment PSA and the time to PSA elevation in patients with localized cancer (p = 0.000003) but no significant correlation in those with metastatic cancer. The PSA half-life was highly variable and did not correlate with other PSA functions of prognostic significance. Incremental increases in the PSA nadir correlated with the time to PSA elevation in patients with localized and metastatic cancer (p < 0.000001 and p = 0.00009, respectively), and with other parameters of prognostic significance. The median PSA doubling time in 26 patients with localized cancer in whom distant metastases did not develop (7.5 months) was significantly longer than that in 7 in whom new metastases developed (2.5 months) and in 43 with preexisting metastatic cancer (2.5 months) (p < 0.05 and p < 0.0001, respectively). In the 7 patients with localized cancer in whom metastases developed the median of the ratios of the PSA when the metastases were manifest and the pretreatment PSA was 0.14, and in 24 patients with preexisting metastatic cancer the median of the ratios of the antemortem PSA and the pretreatment PSA was 1.2. These data show that PSA synthesis by prostate cancer is reduced after androgen deprivation but that the PSA nadir and PSA doubling time following treatment provide important prognostic information. Early stage prostate cancer treated with radiation therapy: stratifying an intermediate risk group. Lattanzi JP, Hanlon AL, Hanks GE Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1997 Jun 1;38(3):569-73 PURPOSE: This study identifies two early prostate cancer populations within the T1/T2AB, Gleason 2-7, pretreatment prostate specific antigen (PSA) 4-15 ng/ml grouping. By demonstrating different outcomes we may be able to more appropriately select a subgroup for whom adjuvant therapy trials or altered treatment techniques are indicated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred forty-six patients with T1/T2AB, Gleason score 2-7, PSA 4-15 ng/ml prostate cancer were treated with external beam radiotherapy alone from November 1987 to October 1993. The median pretreatment PSA was 8.6 and the mean 8.7. Minimum follow-up was 2 years with a median of 38 months (mean 42 months, range 24-87). The median age was 70 years (range 58-83) and the median central axis dose delivered was 7240 cGy (mean 7273, range 6541-7895 cGy). Eleven patients received conventional radiotherapy while 135 were treated using conformal techniques. As there is evidence that a low PSA nadir is an early marker for long term biochemical control, time to post treatment PSA < 1 ng/ml was actuarially analyzed by Gleason score, pretreatment PSA, radiation dose, stage, and the presence of perineural invasion. Pretreatment PSA was the only patient characteristic predictive of achieving a PSA level < 1.0 ng/ml. Biochemical relapse free (bNED) control (non rising PSA) was then compared for patients above and below the approximate median pretreatment PSA level of 8 ng/ml. bNED control rates and the time to PSA < 1.0 ng/ml were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methodology, and differences in bNED control and PSA < 1.0 ng/ml according to PSA level were evaluated using the log-rank test. RESULTS: Results from actuarial analysis revealed that pretreatment PSA was the only significant variable predictive of a PSA < 1.0 ng/ml. Ninety-eight percent of patients with pretreatment PSA < 8 achieved a PSA level < 1.0 ng/ml within 3 years compared to 78% for patients with a PSA > 8 ng/ml (p = 0.0003). bNED control for the two groups separated at a pretreatment PSA of 8 ng/ml confirms a favorable outcome, 88% bNED control at 5 years for < 8 ng/ml and 74% for a pretreatment PSA > or = 8 ng/ml (p = 0.007 for overall curve comparison). CONCLUSION: For early prostate cancer patients (T1/T2AB, Gleason 2-7, pretreatment PSA 4-15) there is a significant break in bNED control following external beam radiation at a pretreatment PSA level of 8 ng/ml. Patients with pretreatment PSA < 8 have a very favorable bNED response with radiation alone while those with a pretreatment PSA 8-15 have a significant decrease in bNED response. The 27% failure rate at 5 years in the PSA 8-15 ng/ml patients may justify altered treatment techniques or clinical trials of adjuvant androgen deprivation in this group. Prostate specific antigen and gleason grade: an immunohistochemical study of prostate cancer. Aihara M, Lebovitz RM, Wheeler TM, Kinner BM, Ohori M, Scardino PT Matsunaga-Conte Prostate Cancer Research Center, Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. J Urol 1994 Jun;151(6):1558-64 Prostate cancer is histologically heterogeneous as reflected in the 5 patterns of the Gleason grading system. Gleason grade correlates with volume, extent and prognosis. Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels also correlate with tumor volume but the degree to which grade correlates with PSA has not been precisely defined. To quantify this relationship further, we prepared maps of each grade of cancer in 86 radical prostatectomy specimens from patients with clinical stage T2 cancer. The median per cent of the volume of cancer per prostate composed of grade 1 was 0%, while it was 1% for grade 2, 84% for grade 3, 5% for grade 4 and 0% for grade 5. We stained 95 cancer foci (grades 1 to 5) in 40 of these specimens for PSA. The presence and intensity (0 to 3+) of staining in more than 33,000 acini (or cells) correlated inversely with grade (p < 0.0001). Nearly all acini in grade 1 and most in grade 2 stained positive (2 to 3+) for PSA; 87% were positive but with less intensity in grade 3. While many grade 4 (79%) and grade 5 (49%) cells were positive, the intensity of staining was weak. Serum PSA levels correlated with total tumor volume (r = 0.67) but serum PSA levels per cm.3 of cancer decreased with increasing grade (r = -0.24 and p < 0.02). These studies confirm the strong inverse correlation between Gleason grade and the PSA content of prostate cancer. Since more than 85% of grade 3 acini stained for PSA and grade 3 made up the largest portion (84%) of cancer, the predominant contributor to serum PSA levels from prostate cancer was Gleason grade 3. The other grades contribute relatively little to the serum PSA levels either because of the small volume (grades 1 and 2) or the diminished PSA content (grades 4 and 5). Prostate cancer volume adds significantly to prostate-specific antigen in the prediction of early biochemical failure after external beam radiation therapy. D'Amico AV, Propert KJ Joint Center for Radiation Therapy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02747, USA. email@example.com Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1996 May 1;35(2):273-9 PURPOSE: A new clinical pretreatment quantity that closely approximates the true prostate cancer volume is defined. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The cancer-specific prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density, prostate cancer volume (VCa), and the volume fraction of the gland involved with carcinoma (VCafx) were calculated for 227 prostate cancer patients managed definitively with external beam radiation therapy. 1. PSA density = PSA/ultrasound prostate gland volume. 2. Cancer-specific PSA = PSA - [PSA from benign epithelial tissue] 3. VCa = Cancer-specific PSA/[PSA in serum per cm3 of cancer] 4. VCafx = VCa/ultrasound prostate gland volume A Cox multiple regression analysis was used to test whether any of these clinical pretreatment parameters added significantly to PSA in predicting early postradiation PSA failure. RESULTS: The prostate cancer volume (p = 0.039) and the volume fraction of the gland involved by carcinoma (p = 0.035) significantly added to the PSA in predicting postradiation PSA failure. Conversely, the PSA density and the cancer-specific PSA did not add significantly (p > 0.05) to PSA in predicting postradiation PSA failure. The 20-month actuarial PSA failure-free rates for patients with calculated tumor volumes of < or = 0.5 cm3, 0.5-4.0 cm3, and > 4.0 cm3 were 92, 80, and 47%, respectively (p = 0.00004). CONCLUSION: The volume of prostate cancer (VCa) and the resulting volume fraction of cancer both added significantly to PSA in their ability to predict for early postradiation PSA failure. These new parameters may be used to select patients in prospective randomized trials that examine the efficacy of combining radiation and androgen ablative therapy in patients with clinically localized disease, who are at high risk for early postradiation PSA failure. Calculated prostate cancer volume: the optimal predictor of actual cancer volume and pathologic stage. D'Amico AV, Chang H, Holupka E, Renshaw A, Desjarden A, Chen M, Loughlin KR, Richie JP Joint Center for Radiation Therapy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. Urology 1997 Mar;49(3):385-91 OBJECTIVES: A new clinical pretreatment quantity called the calculated prostate cancer volume has been defined. The correlation between the calculated parameter and the actual prostate cancer volume, and its ability to predict for pathologic Stage T3 disease in patients with clinically localized disease, is tested. METHODS: Prostate cancer volume measurements were obtained using a 3-dimensional computerized morphometric reconstruction technique on 104 whole-mounted radical prostatectomy specimens. The calculated prostate cancer volume was determined based on pretreatment clinical parameters (prostate-specific antigen [PSA], biopsy Gleason score, and prostate ultrasound volume). Linear regression was used to determine the Pearson correlation coefficients (r) between the PSA, the calculated prostate cancer volume, and the measured prostate cancer volume. Logistic regression multivariable analysis evaluating the predictive value of the pretreatment PSA, biopsy Gleason score, clinical stage, and calculated prostate cancer volume in predicting pathologic Stage T3 disease in patients with clinically organ-confined disease was performed. RESULTS: The calculated prostate cancer volume (r 0.71 to 0.96) was superior to PSA (r 0.12 to 0.67) in predicting the measured prostate cancer volume over a wide range (0.02 to 9.5 cm3) of cancer volumes. The calculated prostate cancer volume was the only significant predictor (P = 0.02) of pathologic Stage T3 disease in patients with clinical Stage T1 to T2 disease on multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The calculated volume of prostate cancer is superior to PSA in predicting both the pathologic prostate cancer volume and pathologic Stage T3 disease in patients with clinical Stage T1 and T2 disease. Therefore, it may be useful in determining the optimal candidates for radical prostatectomy. Morphometry of the prostate: I. Distribution of tissue components in hyperplastic glands. Marks LS, Treiger B, Dorey FJ, Fu YS, deKernion JB Department of Surgery/Urology, UCLA School of Medicine. Urology 1994 Oct;44(4):486-92 OBJECTIVES. Morphometry, or quantitative image analysis, offers great promise in characterizing the various histologic types of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), but to date, a systematic study of the tissue components is lacking. Thus we employed morphometry to examine the distribution of primary BPH tissues throughout whole human prostates. METHODS. The prostate glands of 20 men with BPH were removed for low-volume carcinoma and subjected to a uniform, comprehensive, systematic quantification of the primary BPH tissue components using the technique of digitization and point-count morphometry. RESULTS. We found the following average volumes among the 20 glands: epithelium, 19.9% (S.D. 5.1%, range 11.7% to 30.8%); fibromuscular stroma, 50.4% (S.D. 9.4%, range 32.2% to 74.4%); glandular lumina, 29.7% (S.D. 8.9%, range 11.9% to 47.5%). Within the individual prostates, we found symmetry in primary BPH tissue distribution, except that the outer prostate was on average 25% richer in epithelium than the inner prostate (p < 0.05). When tissue composition was determined in simulated biopsy specimens, corrected for radial (ie, inner vs outer gland) orientation, the correlation with whole-organ composition was statistically significant for "percentage epithelium" (r = 0.72, p < 0.01) and for "stromal/epithelial ratio" (r = 0.63, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS. Major differences in primary tissue composition may separate different hyperplastic prostates. Primary BPH tissues are rather symmetrically distributed within individual prostates. Quantitative histologic differences between prostates, potentially important in clinical decision-making may be accurately diagnosed by morphometry of radially oriented biopsy specimens. Inhibition of Kupffer cell functions as an explanation for the hepatoprotective properties of silibinin. Dehmlow C, Erhard J, de Groot H Institut fur Physiologische Chemie, Universitatsklinikum, Essen, Germany. Hepatology 1996 Apr;23(4):749-54 The flavonoid silibinin, the main compound extracted from the milk thistle Silybum marianum, displays hepatoprotective properties in acute and chronic liver injury. To further elucidate the mechanisms by which it acts, we studied the effects of silibinin on different functions of isolated rat Kupffer cells, namely the formation of superoxide anion radical (02-), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), and leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)). Production of 02- and NO were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, with an 50 percent inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) value around 80 micro mol/L. No effect on TNF-alpha formation was detected. Opposite effects were found on the cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. Whereas no influence on PGE(2) formation was observed with silibinin concentrations up to 100 micro mol/L, a strong inhibitory effect on LTB(4) formation became evident. The IC(50)-value for inhibiting the formation of this eicosanoid was determined to be 15 micro mol/L silibinin. The strong inhibition of LTB(4), formation by silibinin was confirmed in experiments with phagocytic cells isolated from human liver. Hence, while rather high concentrations of silibinin are necessary to diminish free radical formation by activated Kupffer cells, significant inhibition of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway already occurs at silibinin concentrations which are achieved in vivo. Selective inhibition of leukotriene formation by Kupffer cells can at least partly account for the hepatoprotective properties of silibinin. Anaemia associated with androgen deprivation in patients with prostate cancer receiving combined hormone blockade. Strum SB, McDermed JE, Scholz MC, Johnson H, Tisman G Daniel Freeman Marina Medical Centre, Marina del Rey, California, USA. Br J Urol 1997 Jun;79(6):933-41 OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence, time to onset and extent of anaemia occurring in patients with prostate cancer receiving combined hormone blockade (CHB) and the timing and extent of recovery from anaemia in those patients where CHB was discontinued. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with prostate cancer were evaluated prospectively by physical examination and laboratory tests at baseline and at routine intervals while receiving CHB. Of 142 patients who received CHB, 133 were evaluable for the assessment of anaemia; CHB was discontinued in 76 patients, of whom 64 were assessable for recovery from their anaemia. RESULTS: Haemoglobin levels declined significantly in all patients from a mean baseline of 149 g/L to means of 139 g/L, 132 g/L and 131 g/L at 1, 2 and 3 months, respectively. Haemoglobin levels continued to decline during CHB to a mean nadir of 123 g/L at a mean of 5.6 months of CHB, representing a mean absolute haemoglobin decline at nadir of 25.4 g/L. In 120 of the 133 (90%) patients, the relative decline in haemoglobin at nadir was > or = 10% and was > or = 25% in 17 (13%) others, representing a mean absolute haemoglobin decline in this subset of 42.7 g/L. Significant symptoms related to anaemia occurred in 17 patients (13%). Anaemia and symptoms in these patients were easily corrected with the subcutaneous administration of recombinant human erythropoietin. CONCLUSIONS: The anaemia associated with androgen deprivation is significant and occurs routinely in men receiving CHB. It is normochromic, normocytic, temporally-related to the initiation of androgen blockade and usually resolves after CHB is discontinued. We suggest that patients receiving CHB undergo haematological testing at baseline, 1-2 months after initiating CHB and periodically thereafter. Patients developing anaemia should be questioned about symptoms reflecting physiological compromise (e.g. angina, dyspnoea on exertion). In the absence of other causes, CHB should be suspected in the development of anaemia in patients receiving this treatment. Improved survival in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy and goserelin. Bolla M, Gonzalez D, Warde P, Dubois JB, Mirimanoff RO, Storme G, Bernier J, Kuten A, Sternberg C, Gil T, Collette L, Pierart M University Hospital, Grenoble, France. N Engl J Med 1997 Jul 31;337(5):295-300 Comment in: N Engl J Med 1997 Jul 31;337(5):340-1 Comment in: N Engl J Med 1997 Dec 4;337(23):1693; discussion 1694 BACKGROUND: We conducted a randomized, prospective trial comparing external irradiation with external irradiation plus goserelin (an agonist analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone that reduces testosterone secretion) in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer. METHODS: From 1987 to 1995, 415 patients with locally advanced prostate cancer were randomly assigned to receive radiotherapy alone or radiotherapy plus immediate treatment with goserelin. The patients had a median age of 71 years (range, 51 to 80). Patients in both groups received 50 Gy of radiation to the pelvis over a period of five weeks and an additional 20 Gy over an additional two weeks as a prostatic boost. Patients in the combined-treatment group received 3.6 mg of goserelin (Zoladex) subcutaneously every four weeks starting on the first day of irradiation and continuing for three years; those patients also received cyproterone acetate (150 mg orally per day) during the first month of treatment to inhibit the transient rise in testosterone associated with the administration of goserelin. RESULTS: Data were available for analysis on 401 patients. The median follow-up was 45 months. Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival at five years were 79 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 72 to 86 percent) in the combined-treatment group and 62 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 52 to 72 percent) in the radiotherapy group (P=0.001). The proportion of surviving patients who were free of disease at five years was 85 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 78 to 92 percent) in the combined-treatment group and 48 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 38 to 58 percent) in the radiotherapy group (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Adjuvant treatment with goserelin, when started simultaneously with external irradiation, improves local control and survival in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer. Predictors of improved outcome for patients with localized prostate cancer treated with neoadjuvant androgen ablation therapy and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. Zelefsky MJ, Lyass O, Fuks Z, Wolfe T, Burman C, Ling CC, Leibel SA Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021-6007, USA. email@example.com J Clin Oncol 1998 Oct;16(10):3380-5 PURPOSE: To identify prognostic variables that predict for improved biochemical and local control outcome in patients with localized prostatic cancer treated with neoadjuvant androgen deprivation (NAAD) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1989 and 1995, 213 patients with localized prostate cancer were treated with a 3-month course of NAAD that consisted of leuprolide acetate and flutamide before 3D-CRT. The purpose of NAAD in these patients was to reduce the preradiotherapy target volume so as to decrease the dose delivered to adjacent normal tissues and thereby minimize the risk of morbidity from high-dose radiotherapy. The median pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 15.3 ng/mL (range, 1 to 560 ng/mL). The median 3D-CRT dose was 75.6 Gy (range, 64.8 to 81 Gy), and the median follow-up time was 3 years (range, 1 to 7 years). RESULTS: The significant predictors for improved outcome as identified in a multivariate analysis included pretreatment PSA level < or = 10.0 ng/mL(P < .00), NAAD-induced preradiotherapy PSA nadir < or = 0.5 ng/mL (P < .001), and clinical stage < or = T2c (P < .04). The 5-year PSA relapse-free survival rates were 93%, 60%, and 40% for patients with pretreatment PSA levels < or = 10 ng/mL, 10 to 20 ng/mL, and greater than 20 ng/mL, respectively (P < .001). Patients with preradiotherapy nadir levels < or = 0.5 ng/mL after 3 months of NAAD experienced a 5-year PSA relapse-free survival rate of 74%, as compared with 40% for patients with higher nadir levels (P < .001). The incidence of a positive biopsy among 34 patients pretreated with androgen ablation was 12%, as compared with 39% for 117 patients treated with 3D-CRT alone who underwent a biopsy (P < .001). CONCLUSION: For patients treated with NAAD and high-dose 3D-CRT, pretreatment PSA, preradiotherapy PSA nadir response, and clinical stage are important predictors of biochemical outcome. Patients with NAAD-induced PSA nadir levels greater than 0.5 ng/mL before radiotherapy are more likely to develop biochemical failure and may benefit from more aggressive therapies. Stage T1-2 prostate cancer with pretreatment prostate-specific antigen level < or = 10 ng/ml: radiation therapy or surgery? Keyser D, Kupelian PA, Zippe CD, Levin HS, Klein EA Department of Radiation Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1997 Jul 1;38(4):723-9 PURPOSE: To detect differences in biochemical failure rates by treatment modality (radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy) in patients with early-stage prostate cancer presenting with pretreatment prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) levels < or = 10.0 ng/ml. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 1467 consecutive patients with prostate carcinoma were treated with either radiotherapy (RT) or radical prostatectomy (RP) between January 1987 and June 1996. Patients with the following were excluded from the present study: initial PSA (iPSA) level > 10 ng/ml (n = 444), clinical Stage T3 disease (n = 73), adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment (n = 173), no available iPSA level (n = 31), no available biopsy Gleason score (GS) (n = 33), incomplete pathologic information (n = 16), and no available follow-up PSA levels (n = 90). The analysis was performed on 607 cases: 354 treated with RP and 253 with RT (median dose 68.4 Gy). The outcome of interest was biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS), with biochemical relapse being defined as either a detectable PSA level after RP or elevation in PSA levels of > or = 1.0 ng/ml above the nadir after RT. Proportional hazards were used to analyze the effect of treatment modality and confounding variables (i.e., age, stage, biopsy GS, iPSA levels) on treatment outcome. RESULTS: Seventy-nine percent of patients (n = 478) had clinical Stage T1 or T2A disease at presentation (RP vs. RT: 84% vs. 71%, p < 0.001). Twenty-one percent of patients (n = 127) had iPSA levels < or = 4 ng/ml (RP vs. RT: 24% vs. 17%, p = 0.027). Seventy-six percent of patients (n = 460) had biopsy GS < or = 6 (RP vs. RT: 79% vs. 71%, p = 0.014). The median follow-up time was 24 months (range 3-110). For the 607 patients, the 5-year bRFS rate was 76%. The 5-year RFS rates for RP versus RT were 76% versus 75%, respectively (p = 0.09). After adjustment for all confounding variables, iPSA levels (p < 0.001) and biopsy GS (p = 0.001) were the only independent predictors of relapse, whereas age, clinical stage, and treatment modality were not (p = 0.20; p = 0.09; and p = 0.10, respectively). CONCLUSION: In patients with clinical Stage T1-2 prostate cancer and pretreatment PSA < or = 10 ng/ml, there is no difference in biochemical failure rates between those treated with radiation and those treated with surgery. Bilateral orchiectomy with or without flutamide for metastatic prostate cancer. Eisenberger MA, Blumenstein BA, Crawford ED, Miller G, McLeod DG, Loehrer PJ, Wilding G, Sears K, Culkin DJ, Thompson IM Jr, Bueschen AJ, Lowe BA Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA. N Engl J Med 1998 Oct 8;339(15):1036-42 BACKGROUND: Combined androgen blockade for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer consists of an antiandrogen drug plus castration. In a previous trial, we found that adding the antiandrogen flutamide to leuprolide acetate (a synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone that results in medical ablation of testicular function) significantly improved survival as compared with that achieved with placebo plus leuprolide acetate. In the current trial, we compared flutamide plus bilateral orchiectomy with placebo plus orchiectomy. METHODS: We randomly assigned patients who had never received antiandrogen therapy and who had distant metastases from adenocarcinoma of the prostate to treatment with bilateral orchiectomy and either flutamide or placebo. Patients were stratified according to the extent of disease and according to performance status. RESULTS: Of the 1387 patients who were enrolled in the trial, 700 were randomly assigned to the flutamide group and 687 to the placebo group. Overall, the incidence of toxic effects was minimal; the only notable differences between the groups were the greater rates of diarrhea and anemia with flutamide. There was no significant difference between the two groups in overall survival (P=0.14). The estimated risk of death (hazard ratio) for flutamide as compared with placebo was 0.91 (90 percent confidence interval, 0.81 to 1.01). Flutamide was not associated with enhanced benefit in patients with minimal disease. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of flutamide to bilateral orchiectomy does not result in a clinically meaningful improvement in survival among patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Major advantages of "early" administration of endocrine combination therapy in advanced prostate cancer. Labrie F, Dupont A, Cusan L, Gomez JL, Diamond P Endocrine Research Clinic, CHUL Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. Clin Invest Med 1993 Dec;16(6):493-8 Combination therapy with the antiandrogen flutamide and the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist [D-Trp6, des-Gly-NH2(10)] LHRH ethylamide or orchiectomy was administered to 268 patients with previously untreated metastatic stage D2 prostate cancer for an average of 1,191 d (3.26 y). Only 17 of the 268 evaluable patients (6.5%) showed no objective positive response to the combination therapy assessed according to the National Prostatic Cancer Project objective criteria of response. The median duration of the disease-free response was 2.23 y and median overall survival was 3.58 y. The median survival for patients with only 1-5 bone metastases was not yet reached at 8 y, but for patients with 6-10 bone lesions, 11-40 bone lesions, and multiple bone metastases (superscan), median survival was markedly reduced to 3.56, 2.36, and 1.76 y, respectively. Analysis of patients according to general symptomatology, pain, and performance status showed median survivals of 5.47, 2.71, and 2.1 y for minimal, moderate, and severe symptoms, respectively. The present data demonstrate that administration of combination therapy to stage D2 prostate cancer patients having 1-5 bone metastases adds a minimum of 4.4 y of good quality life compared with patients whose disease is slightly more advanced. Our findings clearly demonstrate the major importance of starting combination therapy as soon as possible after diagnosis of metastatic prostatic cancer. Maximal androgen blockade: final analysis of EORTC phase III trial 30853. EORTC Genito-Urinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group and the EORTC Data Center. Denis LJ, Keuppens F, Smith PH, Whelan P, de Moura JL, Newling D, Bono A, Sylvester R Department of Urology, A.Z. Middelheim, Antwerp, Belgium. Eur Urol 1998;33(2):144-51 OBJECTIVES: This prospective, randomized phase III study was initiated to compare the efficacy and side effects of bilateral orchiectomy versus a combination of a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist depot formulation, goserelin acetate (3.6 mg s.c. once every 4 weeks) and flutamide (250 mg 3 x daily) in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. METHODS: Relative treatment efficacy was assessed by comparing the two treatment groups with respect to response, time to first progression, progression-free survival, duration of survival and time to death due to malignant disease. RESULTS: There was a difference in response only with respect to a more frequent decrease to normal of the serum prostate acid phosphatase in patients assigned to maximal androgen blockade treatment. Additionally, maximal androgen blockade treatment showed significantly better results for duration of survival (p = 0.04), time to death due to malignant disease (p = 0.008), time to first progression (p = 0.009) and progression-free survival (p = 0.02). The most frequent side effects for both treatments included hot flushes and gynaecomastia. CONCLUSIONS: Increased time to progression and duration of survival is achieved by the combination of flutamide and goserelin when compared to bilateral orchiectomy. Treatment with finasteride following radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Andriole G, Lieber M, Smith J, Soloway M, Schroeder F, Kadmon D, DeKernion J, Rajfer J, Boake R, Crawford D, et al Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey. Urology 1995 Mar;45(3):491-7 OBJECTIVES. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of finasteride (10 mg/d) or placebo on serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and recurrence rates in men with detectable PSA levels after radical prostatectomy. METHODS. A total of 120 men, 48 to 89 years old, previously treated with radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer within the past 10 years, with serum PSA levels between 0.6 and 10.0 ng/mL, with no evidence of skeletal metastasis on bone scan, and with no previous androgen deprivation therapy, were treated with 10 mg finasteride or placebo in a double-blind fashion for 12 months. After the first year, all patients were treated with finasteride for an additional 12 months. Primary endpoints were serum PSA levels and recurrence rates defined as positive bone scan or positive biopsy. RESULTS. Patients treated with finasteride had a delayed increase in serum PSA compared with placebo of approximately 9 months in the first year and 14 months by the end of the second year. Patients with baseline PSA levels less then 1.0 ng/mL had no significant increase in serum PSA during the 2 years of treatment. Fewer recurrences were observed in the finasteride group, but these differences were not statistically significant. Finasteride was well tolerated, and side effects were balanced between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS. The results of this study indicate that treatment with finasteride delays but does not prevent the rise in serum PSA observed in untreated patients with detectable PSA levels after radical prostatectomy. The reduction in local and distant recurrences in the finasteride group suggests that the effect on PSA reflects a direct effect on tumor growth without affecting the initial response to subsequent hormonal therapy. These data require confirmation by studies that are longer and larger, focused on demonstrating significant differences in progression rates and survival before the use of finasteride can be considered as an option for men with detectable PSA levels after radical prostatectomy. Finasteride and flutamide as potency-sparing androgen-ablative therapy for advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Brufsky A, Fontaine-Rothe P, Berlane K, Rieker P, Jiroutek M, Kaplan I, Kaufman D, Kantoff P Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Urology 1997 Jun;49(6):913-20 OBJECTIVES: Androgen ablation with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists, orchiectomy, or oral estrogens has significant untoward sexual side effects. We evaluated a combination of finasteride and flutamide as potency-sparing androgen ablative therapy (AAT) for advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate. In addition, we evaluated whether finasteride provided additional intraprostatic androgen blockade to flutamide. METHODS: Twenty men with advanced prostate cancer were given flutamide, 250 mg orally three times daily. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values were measured weekly. At a nadir PSA value, finasteride, 5 mg orally every day, was added. PSA values were then measured weekly until a second nadir PSA value was achieved. Sexual function was evaluated at baseline, at the second nadir PSA value, and every 3 months thereafter. Testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA) levels were measured at baseline and at the first and second nadir PSA values. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 16.9 months. Therapy failed in 1 patient with Stage D2 disease at 12 months, but an additional response to subsequent LHRH agonist therapy was observed. One patient developed National Cancer Institute grade 3 diarrhea and was withdrawn from the study. Seven of 20 men developed mild gynecomastia, and 3 of 20 developed mild transient liver function test elevations. Mean PSA levels were 94.6 +/- 38.2 ng/mL at baseline and 7.8 +/- 2.7 and 4.7 +/- 2.2 ng/mL at the first and second PSA nadir values, respectively (P = 0.034). Mean percent decline in PSA value from baseline was 87.0 +/- 3.1% with flutamide alone and 94.0 +/- 1.9% with both flutamide and finasteride (P = 0.001). Eleven of 20 men were potent at baseline. At the second nadir PSA value, 9 (82%) of 11 were potent, whereas 2 (18%) of 11 were impotent. With longer follow-up (median 16.4 months), 6 (55%) of 11 men were potent, 2 (18%) of 11 were partially potent, and 3 (27%) of 11 were impotent. With flutamide alone, testosterone rose a mean of 77 +/- 14.7% of baseline (P = 0.0001), DHEA fell a mean of 32.4 +/- 4.6% (P = 0.0001), and DHT was unchanged. With the addition of finasteride, testosterone rose another 14 +/- 6% (P = 0.06, not significant), DHEA was unchanged, and DHT fell a mean of 34.8 +/- 4.7% (P = 0.0009). CONCLUSIONS: Finasteride and flutamide were safe and well tolerated as AAT for advanced prostate cancer. Finasteride provided additional intraprostatic androgen blockade to flutamide, as measured by additional PSA suppression. Sexual potency was preserved initially in most patients, although there was a reduction in potency and libido in some patients on longer follow-up. Further evaluation of this therapy is needed. A case for synchronous reduction of testicular androgen, adrenal androgen and prolactin for the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the prostate. Rana A, Habib FK, Halliday P, Ross M, Wild R, Elton RA, Chisholm GD University Department of Surgery/Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, U.K. Eur J Cancer 1995 Jun;31A(6):871-5 The present study was undertaken mainly to investigate whether prolactin manipulation combined with maximal androgen blockage improves the effectiveness of treatment in advanced prostatic cancer. The efficacy of oral hydrocortisone as an alternative to commercial anti-androgens in reducing the adrenal androgens, and of bromocriptine in reducing the prolactin level were also examined. A consecutive series of 30 patients with untreated and advanced prostatic cancer were entered into a three-arm prospective randomised trial. 10 patients received subcapsular orchiectomy alone (arm 1), another 10 had subcapsular orchiectomy plus flutamide (arm 2), and the remaining 10 had subcapsular orchiectomy plus oral hydrocortisone and bromocriptine (arm 3). Clinical and biochemical parameters, including trans-rectal ultrasound-determined prostatic volumes, hormonal profiles and radionuclide bone scan were evaluated at regular intervals. At 12 months, serum testosterone was reduced by more than 90% in all arms, however, maximum suppression of androstenedione, prolactin, and reduction of prostatic volumes were only observed in arm 3; this was reflected by the significant improvement in clinical response in arm 3 compared with other arms. This study suggests that a combined maximal suppression of androgens and prolactin offers a significant improvement in response over conventional treatments without prolactin suppression in the treatment of advanced prostatic cancer. Importantly, a better clinical outcome in arm 3 was still apparent at the end of 36 months. Anemia associated with advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma: effects of recombinant human erythropoietin. Beshara S, Letocha H, Linde T, Wikstrom B, Sandhagen B, Nilsson S, Danielson BG Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. Prostate 1997 May 15;31(3):153-60 BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Nine patients with hormone-refractory metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma and anemia were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) at a median dose of 150 U/kg BW 3 times a week subcutaneously. Baseline hemoglobin (Hb) ranged from 70 to 116 g/L, and the study duration was 12 weeks (median patient participation period was 8 weeks). RESULTS: Four patients demonstrated a median Hb increase of 20 g/L and were considered responders. Three patients showed a median increase of 17 g/L but required blood transfusion once, and were therefore considered as partial responders. Baseline erythropoietic status showed a significant correlation between serum Epo and Hb. Inadequate Epo production, evaluated by the observed/predicted log Epo ratio, was found in two patients. Defective bone marrow activity, demonstrated by low transferrin receptor (TfR), and hypoferremia in spite of abundant iron stores were also shown. Hemorheological investigations showed elevated plasma viscosity. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that suppression of erythropoiesis can be mainly explained by the depressed marrow activity. The altered hemorheology might contribute to the anemia. This anemia could possibly be corrected with rHuEpo. Recent advances on PSA and cancer growth. Stamey TA International Symposium on Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer September 21-23, 1995, Quebec City, p. 14, 1995. No abstract. Anemia associated with androgen deprivation(AAAD) due to combination hormone blockade (CHB) responds to recombinant human erythropoietin (r hu-EPO). Strum S, McDermed JE, Scholz MC, Tisman G, Johnson H J Urol 157:232A 1997. No abstract. Intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD) with finasteride (F) during induction and maintenance permits prolonged time off IAD in localized prostate cancer (LPC). Scholz M, Strum S, McDermed J J Urol 161:156A, 1999. No abstract. Continued on the next page... Page123


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Om Mama: Yoga for Moms-to-Be
There are serveral forms of Pranayama. Here are two that are especially helpful during prenatal yoga and childbirth:
- Dirgha Pranayama, or "complete breath," is practiced sitting up or lying down with a straight back. (Lying on the back is only recommended for women in the first trimester.) Slowly inhale, allowing your belly to fill and expand, then slowly exhale and think of your belly as a balloon deflating. Repeat several times. Then inhale deeply, filling your belly and now your mid-chest region, allowing your ribcage to open and expand. Exhale and repeat several times. Lastly, inhale deeply, filling your belly and mid-chest region, as well as deep into your upper chest. Breathe in until you feel you can take in no more air, hold briefly, exhale; and repeat several times. This type of breathing is especially helpful for promoting very deep relaxation.
- Ujjayi, or "ocean breathing," is another valuable breathing practice. It calms the mind and promotes concentration—both valuable tools during labor. To practice, sit comfortably with your spine straight or lie flat. Begin drawing in deep, long, slow breaths through your nose. Gently contract the back of your throat, creating a steady hissing sound as you breathe in and out (think of Darth Vadar—his breathing is similar to the sound you are trying to emulate). Slowly lengthen your inhalation and exhalation as much as possible while concentrating on dispelling tension within your body. Your breath should be constant and smooth.
Pregnancy Poses
During pregnancy, yoga positions that spotlight posture and alignment are best for the unborn baby and mother-to-be. Avoid any positions that twist the body, put strain on the internal organs, or constrict the uterus. That means no abdominal crunches, no forward curls or spinal twists, and no lying on your back after the fourth month of pregnancy.
Practicing yoga now can also help you during labor by opening your pelvis, strengthening your back, and developing composure and control. "Pregnant women who practice yoga are calmer and can meditate into a state of serenity while enduring the physical demands of labor," says Kase.


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The Buffalo Sabres finished the lockout-shortened 2012-13 NHL season in 12th place in the Eastern Conference with a 21-21-6 record (48 points). Rumors during the offseason focused on a few big-name players as potential trade targets—not to mention impending free agents next year—although nothing came to fruition on the trade front over the summer. As the team prepares for the 2013-14 season, there are several storylines that make buying Sabres tickets worthwhile.
Ryan Miller is in a contract year
Miller is the Sabres starting goalie and one of the few bright spots on a team mired in what will be the beginning of a multi-season rebuild in Buffalo. When he's on, the price of Buffalo Sabres tickets increases exponentially, and with good reason. Not only will Miller be playing for his next big contract, but he'll also be showcasing his talents for the coaching staff in advance of the 2014 Winter Olympics, in which he'll hope to be the starting netminder for Team USA.
Shiny new jerseys
Buffalo's offseason-long reveal of its new third jersey was a public relations nightmare, considering the public backlash against the design, but at least buying Sabres tickets means you get to see the horror in-person if you enjoy things like mustard-colored sweaters and schadenfreude.
Thomas Vanek is in a contract year, too
Vanek is the other big-name Sabres player in a contract year. Since he's undoubtedly looking to escape a rebuilding team, his level of play will be commensurate with what he hopes to receive on the market as a free agent next summer: likely $7 million per season on another long-term deal.
Bench-clearing brawls are a "thing" with this team
OK, they're not as common an occurrence as they were back in the Detroit Red Wings vs. Colorado Avalanche heyday, but the preseason 12-man line brawl between the Sabres and Toronto Maple Leafs provided an entertaining video clip in what was otherwise a dull exhibition contest. So there's that.
Sabres tickets should be cheap
The hard truth is that Buffalo Sabres tickets won't be a revenue stream goldmine for team ownership this season. The Sabres likely won't be contending for a playoff spot, meaning most First Niagara Center tickets can be had for a relatively low cost, especially late in the season.
Buffalo Sabres tickets are going fast as the schedule ramps up with the Sabres ready for a playoff push. The Buffalo Sabres will take on the Eastern Conference's best, including the Montreal Canadiens, New Jersey Devils and Pittsburgh Penguins and will go toe-to-toe with some of their fiercest rivals, like the Boston Bruins, Ottawa Senators and Toronto Maple Leafs. A visit to the First Niagara Center means you'll see all the intense battles as the Buffalo Sabres take on the best of the best in a fight for Eastern Conference playoff positioning.
The Buffalo Sabres are led by the NHL's current leading scorer in Thomas Vanek, electrifying youngster Cody Hodgson and one of the league's top goaltenders in Ryan Miller. Vanek stormed out of the gate this season with 12 goals and 25 points in the first 16 games and Miller became a household name, leading Team USA to a silver medal finish at the 2010 Olympic Games. That same year, Miller took home the Vezina Trophy as the NHL's top goaltender.
The Buffalo Sabres' blueline is anchored by towering defenseman Tyler Myers, winner of the Calder Memorial Trophy in 2010 as the NHL's best rookie.
Demand for tickets will surge right along with the Buffalo Sabres' playoff push as they look to get back to the postseason after failing to qualify a year ago.
The Buffalo Sabres were founded in 1970 and quickly became a force in the NHL with "The French Connection" of Gilbert Perrault, Rick Martin and Rene Robert. The Buffalo Sabres have twice made it as far as the Stanley Cup Final, losing in six games to the Philadelphia Flyers in 1975 and again in six games, to the Dallas Stars, in 1999.
The Buffalo Sabres have played in the First Niagara Center since 1996, when it was known as the Marine Midland Arena, after 26 seasons at the Buffalo Memorial Auditorium.
Buy Buffalo Sabres tickets online to see Vanek, Miller and company take on the Eastern Conference's best as they battle it out for playoff positioning down the stretch. Don't miss out! Get your Buffalo Sabres tickets now!
Buffalo Sabres ticket and team info
If you were in the First Niagra Center formerly HSBC Arena last season for the Buffalo Sabres' playoff run, you know what a rocking place it was. There wasn't a more exciting arena for hockey than in Buffalo, New York. The city was absolutely on fire as the Sabres stampeded into the Eastern Conference Finals. This year looks to bring more of the same to a city that loves their Sabres more than anything. Specifically designed for live events, the First Niagra Center/HSBC Center was made for hockey. Located on downtown Buffalo's waterfront, the HSBC Center is the first arena to use the state-of-art Ice Projection System, which turns the ice into a gigantic movie screen. The future is now in Buffalo, and you get to see it first with Buffalo Sabres tickets!
The Star
Goaltender Ryan Miller is one of the best players on Buffalo's squad. The young goalie from Michigan State was sensational in the post-season, posting an 11-7 record as a rookie. As a Spartan, Miller took home the Hobey Baker Memorial Award for top collegiate player in 2000-01 and is showing all the signs of transferring that success into the NHL. Miller is known around the league as completely unflappable and very mature, shaking off bad goals with ease and remaining in the game until the very end.
The Coach
Sabres head coach Lindy Ruff has a reputation for being blunt with the media, and the hard-nosed Buffalo fans love him for it. Ruff won the Jack Adams Award for coach of the year last, season, a well-deserved award considering it was the Sabres best season ever. The only reason fans weren't buying Buffalo Sabres tickets to the Stanley Cup Finals was due to injuries to several key players. Don't count out Ruff's Sabres this year.
The Team
Fans may have disheartened when star defenseman Jay McKee departed for St Louis, but were thrilled to learn that Jaroslav Spacek would be filling in his place. Spacek had a great run in the playoffs last year with Edmonton and he's sure to do the same for Buffalo. The blue line is now extremely deep, and will be the Buffalo Sabres' ticket to the playoffs this year. But let's not forget the offense: at 276 goals, they were third in the conference. Injuries hindered the Sabres last year, but this year with everyone healthy, there's nothing standing between Buffalo and the Stanley Cup!
Buffalo Sabres info
Buffalo Sabres tickets may be poised to provide something different in the 2005-2006 NHL season: A trip to the playoffs, and, dare we say it, a run to the Stanley Cup. The trip may not be easy, but the Sabres are regrouping after a long layoff and the cast of characters being assembled for the new season is based on some familiar faces. The Sabres avoided the free agent frenzy and are building their future with players already in house and ready to contribute. A close look provides good reason for optimism among hockey fans considering Sabres tickets and a trip to HSBC Arena.
Daniel Briere led the Sabres with 28 goals and 37 assists in the 2004 NHL season. Chris Drury added another 18 goals in 2004 and in a full season should reap bigger rewards for the Sabres. The return of Tim Connolly should also improve the Sabres play this season. Connolly, who returns after missing the 2003-2004 season with injuries, is coming off a sub-par year that saw him score only 12 goals. Better things are expected, as he returns to full health.
While the Sabres have never hoisted a Stanley Cup, they've been to the Stanley Cup Finals on two occasions, once in 1975 and again in 1999. The trip in '99 was preceded by an appearance in the Eastern Conference Finals, so they're no strangers to success. In their run to the Stanley Cup Finals in '99, the Sabres finished the regular season at 37-28-17. Following a sweep of the Ottawa Senators, the Sabres advanced to the Conference Finals after a six- game series with the Boston Bruins. It took five games to clinch a the Eastern Conference championship over the Toronto Maple Leafs. Unfortunately for the Sabres, they lost to the Dallas Stars in the Stanley Cup Finals.
While Buffalo Sabres ticket holders watched the rest of the NHL jockey for position in the free agent market, the Sabres stood pat, occasionally dipping their toe into the water but rarely making waves. That approach speaks of confidence in the current roster. The HSBC Arena will provide ringside seats for Buffalo hockey fans to see for themselves why head coach Lindy Ruff thinks so highly of his squad. Whether Ruff is correct or his confidence is misplaced will be determined on the ice and by the fans that line up for Buffalo Sabres tickets.


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