text:
The Early Victories
Rising Complications
Foreign Relations
The Pereiaslav Agreement
Excerpt from Ukraine - A History Subtelny, Orest. University of Toronto Press. Toronto: 1988.
Rarely do individuals dominate epochal developments as completely as did Bohdan Kmelnytsky the great Ukrainian uprising of 1648. Because of his great personal impact on events that changed the course of Ukrainian and East European history, scholars consider him to be Ukraine's greatest military and political leader. Yet, his debut as a major actor on the historical stage occurred late in life and was almost accidental. Born in about 1595, Khmelnytsky was the son of a minor Ukrainian nobleman named Mykhailo, who was the servitor of a Polish magnate. For his services Mykhailo obtained an estate in Subotiv; he sent Bohdan to a Jesuit school in Jaroslav where he received a good education by the standards of the time, mastering Polish and Latin. In 1620, tragedy struck. In the great victory over the Poles at Cecora the elder Khmelnytsky was killed and Bohdan taken captive. After two years in captivity, Khmelnytsky returned to Subotiv, entered the ranks of the registered Cossacks, married, and concentrated on expanding his estate. Cautious and well established, he avoided involvement in the uprisings of 1625 and 1638. His good standing with the government led to a brief tenure as chancellor of the Zaporozhian Host and to his participation in a Cossack delegation to the Polish king, Wladyslaw IV, in 1646. By the time Khmelnytsky, now a captain in the Chyhyryn Cossack regiment, had reached the age of 50, it appeared that the bulk of a moderately successful career was already behind him.
But a typical case of magnate acquisitiveness and arrogance completely altered Khmelnytsky's life and with it the course of the country's history. In 1646 during his absence from Subotiv, Daniel Czaplinski, a Polish nobleman backed by local magnates, laid claim to Khmelnytsky's estate, raided it, killed his youngest son, and abducted the woman the recently widowed Cossack captain intended to marry. When numerous appeals to the court brought him no satisfaction, the infuriated Khmelnytsky resolved to lead a revolt against the Poles. This rapid transformation from a respected member of the establishment to raging rebel was not completely out of character. In later years observers often remarked about the Cossack leader's split personality. Swarthy and stocky,"Khmel", as he was popularly called, was usually reserved, unpretentious, courteous, and even somewhat phlegmatic. But he could unexpectedly explode in a torrent of passion, energy, and charismatic appeal. In such moments, his speech became mesmerizing, his ideas at once fascinating and frightening, and his will to have his way unshakable.
The mesmerizing influence Khmelnytsky could exert on the masses became evident when, hounded by the Poles who had caught wind of his plans, he fled to the Zaporozhian Sich with a handful of followers in January 1648. In short order he persuaded the Zaporozhians to support him, expelled the Polish garrison from the Sich, and managed to have himself elected Hetman. At first, the gathering rebellion had all the features of the previous, unsuccessful uprisings: a vengeful Cossack officer, wronged by magnates, making his way to the Sich and persuading the Zaporozhians to stand up for their (and his) rights. But, in Khmelnytsky's case, his exceptional talents as an organizer, military leader, and politician made the crucial difference.
For more than a year before arriving at the Sich, he had plotted an uprising and established a network of supporters. Realizing that the Cossack's great weakness in fighting the Poles was lack of cavalry, Khmelnytsky found an audacious solution to the problem: he approached the Crimean Tatars, the Cossacks' traditional enemies with a proposal for an alliance against the Poles. His timing was perfect. At precisely the same time that his envoys arrived Crimea, the khan's relations with the Poles had become extremely strained and he sent Tuhai-Bey, a noted commander, with 4000 Tatars to the Cossacks' aid. In the spring of 1648, forewarned of Khmelytsky's actions, the Poles moved their army to the south to nip the rebellion in the bud.
In mid April 1648, at Zhovti Vody, not far from Sich, a confident Polish
advance guard of 6000 men confronted the combined Cossack/Tatar force of about
9000. On 6 May, after prolonged fighting, which resulted in the desertion to
the rebels of several thousand registered Cossacks who had been sent to aid the
Poles, the Polish advance guard was annihilated. Astounded by the news and
convinced by a Cossack prisoner (planted expessedly for this purpose) that the
rebels greatly outnumbered them,Marcin Kalinowski and Mikolaj Potocki, the two
commanders of the 20,000-man main army abandoned their strong positions near
Korsun and retreated through difficult terrain, led by a guide who was a secret
agent of the Hetman. Not far from Korsun, on 26 May, the Poles were ambushed by
the Cossacks (whose forces had grown to 15,000 not including Tatar cavalry)
and, once again, were completely crushed. Both Polish commanders, 80 important
noblemen, 127 officers, 8520 soldiers, and forty-one cannons fell into
Khmelnytsky's hands. To add to the Poles' misfortunes, only six days before the
battle of Korsun, King Wladyslaw IV died. Just as hordes of rebels were
gathering in the south, the Commonwealth had suddenly lost its king, its
commanders, and its army.
While Khmelnytsky's victories stunned the poles, they electrified the Ukrainians. First on the Right Bank and then on the Left Bank, Cossacks, peasants, and burghers rushed to form regiments and either joined the hetman or, led by numerous local leaders, staged mini-rebellions of their own. Many peasants and Cossacks used the opportunity to vent pent-up hatred against their oppressors. The so-called "Eye Witness Chronicle" paints a frightful picture of these events:"Wherever they found szlachta, royal officials or Jews they killed them all, sparing neither women nor children. They pillaged the estates of Jews and nobles, burned [Catholic] churches and killed theirpriests, leaving nothing whole. It was a rare individual in those days who had not soaked his hands in blood and participated in the pillage" Within a few months, almost all Polish nobles, officials, and priests had been wiped out or driven from Ukraine. Jewish losses were especially heavy because they were the most numerous and accessible representatives of the szlaachta regime. Between 1648 and 1656, tens of thousands of Jews - given the lack of reliable data, it is impossible to establish more accurate figures - were killed by the rebels, and to this day Kmelnytsky's uprising is considered by the Jews to be one of the most traumatic events in their history.
Whenever they had the opportunity, the Polish magnates and nobles responded to the massacres in kind. The most notorious practitioner of szlachta terror tactics was Jeremi Wisniowiecki, the wealthiest magnate in the land. When the rebellion caught him on his estates on the Left Bank, Wisniowiecki mustered his well trained private army of 6000, gathered together as many of the terrified nobles, priests, and Jews as he could, and set off on an epic, roundabout retreat to the west. Everywhere his forces moved, they tortured and killed Cossacks, peasants, women, children, leaving behind then a grisly trail of corpses. Although Wisniowiecki's feats won him adulation in Poland, they so infuriated the Ukrainian masses that they would brook no talk of compromise and vowed to fight him to the death.
During the summer, Khmelnytsky, who was based near Bila Tserkva, concentrated on molding his numerous followers into a disciplined, well-organized army. Its core was made up of sixteen regiments of battle tested Cossacks led by such proven and respected colonels as Filon Dzahali, Maksym Nestorenko and Ivan Hyria. However, experienced and gifted Ukrainian noblemen like Danylo Nechai, Ivan Bohun, and Myhailo Krychevsky, and townsmen like Martyn Nebaba, and Vasyl Zolotarenko, were also awarded colonels maces. A large auxiliary force of light cavalry was led by Wisniowiecki's bitter rival Maksym Krivonis, one of the most popular rebel leaders. As volunteers continued to pour in, new units were created; by the end of the summer, the Ukrainian forces numbered between 80,000 and 100,000. Of these only about 40,000 were regular Cossack troops.
The Poles also made good use of their time. In order to hold off the rebels they engaged Khmelnytsky in desultory negotiations and, at the same time, mobilized 32,000 noblemen and 8000 German mercenaries. As their forces, outfitted in the glittering finery that the szlachta so loved, gathered near Lviv, an observer remarked that the Poles were going to war not with iron but with gold and silver. The new Polish army was lead by three magnates: the indolent, luxury-loving Dominik Zaslwski, the erudite Latinist Mikolaj Ostorog, and the 19-year-old Aleksander Koniecpolski. Khmelnytsky sarcastically referred to them as peryna (the feather down bed), latyna (the Latinist), and dytyna (the child). On 2 September, the opposing armies met at Pylavtsi. During the battle, the Polish commanders lost their nerve and fled and, as the news spread, the rest of the army followed suit. Within hours this once splendid force was completely decimated by the Cossacks and their Tatar allies.
After Pylavtsi, there was nothing to stand in Khmelnytsky's way. As he advanced to the into the West Ukrainian lands of Volhynia and Galacia, the peasants welcomed him and joined the uprising. Even in southern Poland, downtrodden peasants were heard to utter, "If God were only so kind to give us a Khmelnytsky also the we would teach those nobles what they get for oppressing peasants." In early October, the Cossack/peasant armies besieged Lviv and were about to take it when a huge ransom and Khmelnytsky's reluctance to destroy the beautiful city saved it. A month later, while preparing to besiege the Polish fortress a Zamosc, news arrived that the man Khmelnytsky preferred to see on the throne, Jan Casimir, had been elected king and had offered the hetman an armistice.
It has always been a puzzle to historians why Khmelnytsky, who at this point was in a position to destroy the Commonwealth, chose to accept the offer and return to the Dnieper. Apparently, he still hoped to modify the political system of the Commonwealth so that it would accomodate the Cossacks. Moreover, famine and plague were taking their toll of his troops and of the Ukrainian populace as whole. And the hetman's Tatar allies were eager to return home. Under these conditions it seems that he did not wish to conduct a winter campaign. Early in January 1649, at the head of a triumphant army, Khmelnytsky returned to Kiev, where he received a tumulous welcome and was hailed by the assembled Orthodox hierarchy as "the second Moses" who had "liberated his people from Polish slavery."
Even after Khmelnytsky's dramatic victories, the relationship between Poles
and Ukrainians remained unclarified. While the hetman had not yet decided to
break off all ties with the Commonwealth, he knew that his followers were
determined not to return to pre-1648 conditions. For their part, the Poles were
willing to make minor concessions to the Cossacks, but they still insisted that
Ukraine return to szlachta rule. The impasse produced a recurrent
pattern: year after year, the two sides would go to war, but because they were
unable to defeat each other decisively, they would conclude their exhausting
campaigns with negotiated, unsatisfying settlements, after which they would
return home to prepare militarily and diplomatically for yet another war.
In the spring of 1649, it was the Poles who went on the offensive. As their main force of 25,000, led by King Jan Casimir himself, advanced from Volhynia, another force of 15,000 commanded by the notorious Jeremi Wisniowiecki, moved through Galacia. Responding with his usual deceptiveness and speed, Khmelnytsky and his Tatar ally, Khan Islam Girei, blockaded Wisniowiecki in the Zbarazh fortress with a force of 80,000. When the Polish King hastened to Wisniowiecki's aid, Khmelnytsky, in a surprise maneuver, attacked and surrounded Jan Casimir's army near Zboriv. But, just at the point when the Poles were about to go down in defeat at both Zbarazh and Zboriv, the Tatar khan betrayed the hetman. Bribed by the Poles and worried by the growing strength of the Ukrainians, Islam Girei withdrew his forces and demanded that Khmelnytsky reach a negotiated settlement with the Polish king. Under the circumstances, the hetman had no choice but to comply.
On 18 August 1649, the Zboriv treaty was concluded. it set the register at 40,000, banned the Polish army and Jews from the provinces of Kiev, Bratslav, and Chernihiv where only the Cossack starshyna and Orthodox noblemen were allowed to hold public office, and promised the Orthodox metropolitain a seat in the Polish senate. Although amnesty was granted to all who had participated in the uprising, most peasants were required to return to servitude. Polish noblemen, in contrast, were allowed to reclaim their estates. Only Tatar pressure had forced Khmelnytsky to sign this unfavorable agreement, which caused great discontent throughout Ukraine. But as the Poles believed that they had given up too much and the Cossacks were convinced that they had received too little, the treaty was never fully implemented.
The Zboriv agreement highlighted an external problem that Khmelnytsky would have to face. The fact that peasant interests had practically been ignored at Zboriv was no oversight. Although Khmelnytsky, most of his commanders, and many registered Cossacks wished to improve the lot of the peasants, they had no intention of liquidating serfdom altogether. For the Cossack elite, Khmelnytsky included, such an act would have meant undermining the socioeconomic system in which it had a considerable stake. Thus, already at Zboriv, a conflict of interests between the Cossack starshyna elite and the chern, or rank and file. In time, it would prove to be the fatal weakness of the Cossack order that was emerging in Ukraine.
The relationship with the Tatars was the other major problem. Realizing their importance in his recent victories and in the continuing confilct with the Poles, Khmelnytsky wished to maintain alliance with them at all costs. Among the Ukrainian masses, however, the alliance was most unpopular because, as a price for Tatar aid, the hetman had to allow his allies to take iasyr, or captives. While Khmelnytsky hoped to satisfy the Tatars with Polish prisoners, the Crimeans often took what was at hand and this meant that many thousands of Ukrainian peasants were driven off into slavery. Moreover, Tatar policy was not to let any Christian power grow too strong. Therefore although they backed Khmelnytsky against the Poles, the Tatars would not allow him to defeat them completely. Having used Khmelnytsky to weaken Poland, the Crimean Khan also planned to utilize the Ukrainian Cossacks in similar fashion against Moscow. But because Khmelnytsky had great hopes of obtaining aid from the Muscovites, he diverted the Crimean plans to launch joint Tatar/Cossack attack against Moscow by proposing instead a joint campaign in 1650 against Moldavia, which was rich, more vulnerable, and more accessible. For the next few years, Khmelnytsky became intensely involved in Moldavian affairs and even hoped to make his son, Tymish ruler of the land, thereby drawing it into close alliance with Ukraine. However, in 1653, Tymish's death during the defense of Succeava brought the costly Moldavian venture to an unsuccessful end.
Meanwhile in 1651, another round in the Polish-Ukrainian War had begun. Again it was the Poles, led by Jan Casimir, who went on the offensive and again it was in Volhynia, near the town of Berestechko, that the two armies clashed. By the standards of the time, the size of the opposing forces was huge: the Polish army numbered around 150,000 men, including 20,000 experienced German mercenaries, while the Ukrainians mustered over 100,000 men plus about 50,000 Tatar cavalry. On 18 June, an almost two week-long battle began that ended in crushing defeat for Khmelnytsky's forces. A deciding factor in the defeat was the actions of the Tatars who, at a crucial juncture, withdrew from the battle. To make matters worse, when Khmelnytsky entreated them to return to the fighting, they abducted him. He was released only after the battle. Under difficult circumstances, the Cossacks, ably led by Filon Dzahalali, managed to extricate some of the forces from Polish encirclement, but at a decisive moment panic broke out and a part of the Cossack army, numbering an estimated 30,000 men perished under the Polish onslaught. The massive battle was also costly to the victorious Poles and near Bila Tserkva they initiated negotiations.
As might be expected, the Bila Tserkva agreement, signed on 28 September 1651 was much less generous to the Cossacks than the Zboriv treaty had been. The Cossack register was reduced to 20,000; the hetman's authority was limited only to the Kiev province; and he was forbidden to maintain foreign contacts, especially with the Tatars. This time, with the Cossacks in disarray and Khmelnytsky unprepared to offer resistance, it appeared that the conditions of the treaty would be implimented. Backed by Polish troops, the Polish nobility began to return to Ukraine. Except for the relative few who were included in the register, most of the peasants and Cossacks again faced serfdom. In order to avoid their inevitable fate, thousands fled across the border into Muscovite territory, where they were well received and allowed to establish the Cossack system, thus laying the foundation for what came to be called Sloboda Ukraine, with its locus in the present day Kharrkiv region.
Despite appearances to the contrary, Khmelnytsky had no intention of accepting these humiliating conditions and, in April 1652, a secret meeting of the major Cossack leaders was held at his residence in Chyhyryn where it was decided to assemble new forces and to renew hostilities against the Poles. Within weeks, Khmelnytsky's forces attacked a 30,000-man Polish army station at Batih on the border of Podilla and Moldavia, and on 1 May completely demolished it. As revenge for the defeat at Berestechko, the Cossacks killed all their Polish prisoners.
As news of the victory spread, uprisings against the Polish nobility again flared up and Cossack troops occupied much of the territory they had held before Berestechko. However, by now it was evident that the years of tremendous bloodletting and destruction were taking their toll. Both the Poles and Ukrainians were less eager to fight and campaigns dragged on inconclusively as the two sides circled each other like exhausted boxers, unable to administer the decisive blow.
Khmelnytsky realized that if his uprising was to succeed, it needed foreign
support. Therefore, he turned his attention more and more to foreign relations.
He scored his first diplomatic victory by drawing the Crimean Tatars into
alliance with the Cossacks. But the Tatar alliance proved to be unreliable and
transitory. Moreover, it did not resolve Khmelnytsky's key problem of defining
Ukraine's relationship to the Commonwealth. At first, the Hetman was not ready
for a complete break. His goal in dealing with the Commonwealth, ably
represented by the leading Orthodox magnate, Adam Kysil, had been to obtain
autonomy for the Cossacks in Ukraine by making it a separate and equal
component of the Commonwealth. But the stubborn refusal of the szlachta
to accept their former subordinates as political equals precluded the
possibility of ever achieving that goal.
To the modern mind, which views national sovereignty as a national condition (although the concept did not gain wide currency until after the French Revolution of 1789), the question arises of why Khmelnytsky did not declare independence for Ukraine. During the uprising there were, in fact, rumours to the effect that he wished to reestablish the "old Rus' principality", and even that he planned to form a separate "Cossack principality". Although such ideas may have been considered, it would have been impossible under the circumstances to realize them. As the interminable wars demonstrated, the Cossacks, although able to administer severe defeats to the Poles, were incapable of permanently preventing theszlachta from launching repeated efforts to regain Ukraine. To assure themselves a lasting victory over the Poles, Khmelnytsky needed the continuing and reliable support of a major foreign power. The usual price of such aid was acceptance of the overlordship of the ruler who provided it. In the vie of the masses, the main thrust of the uprising was to redress socioeconomic ills, and to many in Ukraine the question of whether these problems were to be resolved under their own or under foreign rule was of secondary importance. Finally, in 17th-century Eastern Europe sovereignty rested not in the people but in the person of a legitimate (that is, generally recognized) monarch. Because Khmelnytsky, despite his popularity and power, did not possess such legitimacy, he had to find for Ukraine an overlord who did. At issue was not self-rule for Ukraine, for Ukrainians already had gained it. Their goal was to find a monarch who could provide their newly formed autonomous society with legitimacy and protection.
In Khmelnytsky's opinion a good candidate for the role of Ukraine's patron and protector in the international arena was the Ottoman Sultan. He was powerful enough to discourage the Poles from attacking Ukraine and distant enough not to interfere overly much in its internal affairs. Thus, in 1651, after an exchange of embassies, the Ottoman Porte formally accepted the hetman and the Zaporozhian Host as its vassals on the similar loose conditions that obtained with regard to Crimea, Moldavia, and Wallachia. However, widespread animosity in Ukraine toward an "infidel" overlord, and internal changes in the Ottoman Porte, prevented this arrangement from ever taking effect.
A much more popular candidate for the role of Ukraine's protector was the Orthodox tsar of Moscow. From the start of the uprising, Khmelnytsky had entreated the tsar, in the name of their shared Orthodox faith, to come to his aid. But Moscow's response had been extremely cautious. Badly mauled in the recent war with Poland, the Muscovites preferred to wait for the Cossacks and Poles to exhaust each other and then to take appropriate action. However, by 1653, with the Ukrainians threatening to choose the Ottoman option, the Muscovites could not put off an official decision any longer. Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovich called a general assembly, which decided that, "for the sake of the Orthodox Faith and God's Holy Church, the Gosudar [monarch] should accept them under His High Hand." In reaching their decision, the Muscovites also expected to regain some of the lands they had lost to Poland, to utilize Ukraine as a buffer zone against the Ottomans, and in general, to expand their influence.
In the final days of 1653, a Muscovite embassy, led by the boyar Vasilii
Buturlin, met with the hetman, colonels, and general staff of the Zaporozhian
Host in the town of Pereiaslav, near Kiev. On 18 January 1654, Khmelnytsky
called a meeting of the Cossack elite and the final decision was taken to accept
the tsar's overlordship of Ukraine. On that day, drummers summoned the populace
to the town square where the hetman spoke about Ukraine's need for an overlord,
presented the four potential candidates for such a position - the Polish king,
the Tatar Khan, the Ottoman Sultan, and the Muscovite tsar- and declared that
the Orthodox tsar was best suited for the role. Pleased that the choice had
fallen on an Orthodox ruler, the crowd responded favorably to the hetman's
speech. Buturlin, Khmelnystky and the assembled Cossack dignitaries then
proceeded to the town church to seal the decision with a mutual oath. At this
point, an unexpected development created a tense impasse. Under the influence
of Polish practice, Khmelnytsky expected the oath to be bilateral, with the
Ukrainians swearing loyalty to the tsar and the latter promising to protect
them from the Poles and to respect their rights and priviledges. But Buturlin
refused to swear in the name of his monarch, arguing thatthe tsar, unlike the
Polish king, was an absolute ruler and it was below his dignity to take an oath
to his subjects. Upset by Buturlin's refusal, Khmelnytsky stalked out of the
church and threatened to cancel the entire agreement. Nonetheless, Buturlin
steadfastly held his ground. Finally, Khmelnytsky and his colleagues, fearful
of losing the tasr's aid because of what appeared to be a mere formality,
glumly agreed to take a unilateral oath of loyalty to the tsar.
Shortly thereafter, Muscovite officials were sent to 117 Ukrainian towns, and 127,000 people took a similar oath of loyalty to Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovich and his successors.The significance of the dramatic incident at the Pereiaslav church was that it highlighted the different political values and assumptions with which both parties had entered into the agreement. Yet, these differences notwithstanding, the Pereiaslav agreementwas concluded and it marked a turning point in the history of Ukraine, Russia, and all of Eastern Europe. Previously isloated and backward, Muscovy now took a giant step toward becoming a great power. And, for better or for worse, the fate of Ukraine became inextricably linked with that of Russia. [...] It is difficult to overestimate Khmelnytsky's impact on the course of Ukrainian history. Ukrainian, Polish, and Russian hitorians have compared his achievementsto those of such giants of 17-th century history as Cromwell of England or Wallestein of Bohemia. Studies of the hetman and his age frequently stress his ability to creat so much from so little. Where a Ukrainian political entity had long since ceased to exist, he established a new one; out of hordes or unruly peasants and Cossacks he molded powerful, well-organized armies; from among a people abandoned by their traditional elite he found and united around him new, dynamic leaders. Most important, in a society bereft ot self-confidence and a clear sense of identity, he instilled pride in itself and a will to defend its interests. An example of the momentous change in Ukrainian attitudes brought about by Khmelnytsky is provided by the words of a simple Cossack captain addressed to a high Polish official: "In regard to Your Grace's recent letter stating that we, the common people, should not dare to address such high officials as a [Polish] Wojewoda, it should be known that we are now, thanks be to God, no longer common people but knights of the Zaporozhian Host... and, may God grant the Lord Bohdan Khmelnytsky health, we are now ruled by our colonels and not by your wojewody by our captains and not by your starosty and by our otamany and not by your judges."
Clearly Khmelnytsky had his share of setbacks, mistakes, and miscalculations. There was Berestechko, the disastrous Moldavian venture, the failure of the combined Cossack/Transylvanian campaign into Poland, an, finally the inability to ensure both Ukraine's enemies and allies would recognize its integrity. For these failings historians and writers have been quick to take Khmelnytsky to task. In the mid 19th century, Mykola Kostomarov, the father of modern Ukrainian historiography, praised Khmelnytsky for establishing the link with Russia and chided him for his "underhanded" dealings with the Ottomans.
In contrast, Ukraine's greatest poet, Taras Shevchenko, was critical of the hetman for bringing Ukraine into the Russian sphere. Even more extreme was Paneleimon Kulish, another leading 19th-century Ukrainian intellectual, who blamed Khmelnytsky for initiating an era of death, destruction, anarchy and cultural regression in Ukraine. In the 20th century, Hrushevsky raised doubt of Khmelnytsky's conciousness of well defined goals and argued that it was events that controlled the hetman rather than vice versa. Yet the majority of prominent Ukrainian historians, led by Viacheslav Lypynsky, concluded that the hetman conciously and systematically attempted to build the basis for Ukrainian statehood and that without his efforts, the modern rebirth of a Ukrainian state would have been impossible. Soviet historians are unanimous in their praise of Khmelnytsky, but for different reasons. They emphasize his role in leading an uprising of the oppressed masses and especially his unification (or rather "reunification", as they put it) of Ukraine with Muscovy.
But the fine points of scholarly evaluation have had little effect on the Ukrainian people's instinctive, unbounded admiration for "Batko (father) Bohdan". For the vast majority of Ukrainians, both in his day and up to the present, Khmelnytsky has towered as the great liberator, as the heoric figure who by force of his personality and his intellect roused Ukrainians from a centuries-long miasma of passivity and hopelessness and propelled them toward national and socioeconomic emancipation.


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The Mommy Files
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Reader photos: Like father, like son 2013
The love expressed in the Like Father, Like Son photos readers submitted to SFGate was so touching that I found myself wiping my eyes with tissues while creating the photo gallery above. I'm now convinced SFGate should start making Hallmark cards. Many thanks to everyone who sent in images. You've helped us create an awesome […] [Read More]

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Chef's Hat: Beat the winter blahs with chocolate
With the change of seasons this week, this column should have been about light spring dishes. Looking in the backyard there's places with over three feet of snow on the ground and the temperature Sunday morning was hovering around 10 below zero. Right now, it just doesn't feel much like spring.
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Great Places to Eat Outside
Chestnut Hill Dining Guide
This Week's Issue
Issues Before 2009
this site
There's tons of fun on the Hill for First Friday
Mark your calendars for Chestnut Hill's First Friday Celebration on Nov. 5. Participating shops will stay open until 8 pm with various store specials, refreshments, musical artists, and events.
O'Doodles Toy Store will be hosting a "family game night" from 6 to 8 p.m.. Learn to play the hot new game of 2010: Spot It! Bring the kids and get ready to enjoy some real "unplugged" fun and refreshments, all for just $10 per family.
Across the street at The Little Treehouse Play Cafe, a special "kids dinner" will be on the menu. For just $5, kids can order pizza, mac & cheese or a turkey sandwich with sides and a drink.
Be sure to hit one of many happy hour specials at Hill restaurants. Hokka Hokka will offer specials between 5 p.m. 6:30 p.m. Tavern on the Hill will feature half-price beers on tap, $4 glass of house wines and a complimentary bar treat from 5 to 7 p.m.. They will also have live music playing during dinner.
A REAL TEA PARTY TREAT Gerald Schultz, owner of the Antiques Gallery in Chestnut Hill, spares no expense when it comes to Halloween. Visitors to his shop on Saturday found the owner decked out in a Mad Hatter costume from Pierre's, a major supplier of costumes to theater troops in Philadelphia and New York City. Schultz raises the bar for Halloween get ups every year. (Photo by Jay Valinis)
Other News…
Justice Breyer visits Springside School
CHCA board votes to 'investigate' Web portal
Wissahickon has become 'a killing field'
Hill activist group hopes to end deer slaughter in park
by Len Lear
Although it has been going on out of the public eye and with virtually no publicity for years, the annual slaughter of deer has been continuing for 12 years in Wissahickon Park, the section of Fairmount Park that cuts through Chestnut Hill.
In September of 1998, the Fairmount Park Commission (now called the Department of Parks and Recreation) voted to start killing the overwhelming majority of deer in the park.
Democracy hobbles on …
Last week, I was joking with some friends that I had thought of a good solution to the partisan divides that have gridlocked our country's government: benevolent dictatorship.
The theory was this: As a nation, we've stretched democracy about as far as it can go. In fact, it can be argued that we're currently busy making a pretty good case for the limits of democracy to solve the complex problems of our age. Crippled by concern for special interests and power-mad political parties, our lawmakers legislate primarily to stay in office, not for the common good.
CHC men can't quite keep up with Rams
by Tom Utescher
Chestnut Hill College men's soccer coach Keith Cappo, a graduate of Penn Charter, returned to School House Lane last Thursday, bringing his CHC Griffins along to tackle conference rival Philadelphia University at the Rams' Ravenhill Field.
More than an hour into the contest, a first-half goal for the hosts remained the only point on the scoreboard, but the pace picked up after that. CHC tied it up, Philly U. regained the lead, then the Griffins pulled even at 2-2 with just 6:51 to go.
"We have to think as a culture beyond violent solutions and there are actually much more natural ideas that we favor such as allowing the bio-community to balance itself. In Pennsylvania there are bobcats and coyotes. They're harmless to people, yet all year round there are hunting and trapping seasons against them. Why is that?"
– Lee Hall (left) of Devon, Legal Vice President of Friends of Animals. next tot Hall is Mary Ann Baron (center), cofounder of Philadelphia Advocates for the Deer.
For video interview, see closeup.brianrudnick.com
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Attimo L'eau Florale Perfume
By Salvatore Ferragamo for Women
Attimo L'eau Florale Perfume by Salvatore Ferragamo, Launched by the house of salvatore ferragamo in 2011, attimo l'eau florale was created by perfumers jean pierre bethouart and annick menardo . This exquisitely blended floral fragrance has a warm and gentle side. The top notes open with kumquat, lotus flower, and nashi pear. The heart follows with jasmine, peony, and bulgarian rose. The base is blended with frangipani, musk and patchouli. All products are original, authentic name brands. We do not sell knockoffs or imitations. ... Read More
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About Salvatore Ferragamo
History and background of Salvatore Ferragamo. Salvatore Ferragamo, with six different widths for each available length shoe, has been a market leader in the shoe industry for more than seventy years, offering approximately 100 sizes for each model and thus achieving absolute precision in custom-made footwear. In 1998, he introduced a fragrance for men and women called "Salvatore Ferragamo". Read more about Salvatore Ferragamo
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Customer Comments
I was very impressed and pleased by your service. I was shopping around for the perfume I ordered for my wife's birthday gift. I could not find it at many stores that I went; so I decided to buy it online. I must say that many other sites had it for double of what you had it for and when I saw your price I was sceptical because it was so much cheaper. I ended up ordering it anyway and seeing the Yahoo rating of your site made me feel a lot more easier in placing my order. I must tell you I was very pleased, I am a very picky consumer and when I shop I like to know what I am getting into. My order was here quicker than expected and from the day I placed my order I recieved an e-mail confirming it. Once again I am a very satisfied customer and I know where I am going to buy my Mother's birthday gift.
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REVIEW SNAPSHOT®by PowerReviews
- Great smell (4)
- Long-lasting (4)
- Sensual (4)
- Clean & fresh (3)
- Great value (3)
Best Uses
- Daily use (5)
- Reviewer Profile:
- Natural style (3)
- Fragrance Type:
- Floral (6)
Reviewed by 7 customers
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- Clean & Fresh
- Great Smell
- Great Value
- Long-Lasting
- Not Overpowering
- Too Weak
Best Uses
- Daily Use
Comments about Attimo L'eau Florale By Salvatore Ferragamo:
Smell is great but subtle.
- Fragrance Type:
- Floral
- Clean & Fresh
- Great Smell
- Sensual
- Overpowering
Best Uses
- Daily Use
Comments about Attimo L'eau Florale By Salvatore Ferragamo:
its so clean and fruity
- Fragrance Type:
- Floral, Herbal, Oriental/Spicy
- Great Smell
- Great Value
- Long lasting
- Long-Lasting
- Not expensive
- Sensual
- Sexy
- very floral
- None
Best Uses
- Daily Use
- Evening Use
- Every time
Comments about Attimo L'eau Florale By Salvatore Ferragamo:
I bought this perfume for my wife. The smell look very floral beautiful and I love it and she too...for this price its a very good perfume it last the whole day and more ... thank you fragrancex.com I m very Happy I will bought from your site again
- Fragrance Type:
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Best Uses
Comments about Attimo L'eau Florale By Salvatore Ferragamo:
- Not Overpowering
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Best Uses
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Comments about Attimo L'eau Florale By Salvatore Ferragamo:
I received this today together with my Sensuous by Estee Lauder. I have never tried this perfume. I have previously tried another perfume by Selvatore but I did not like it.
But I simply love this one. A great bargain for a tester , will definetely come back for more. Thank you Fragrance X, this is my birthday gift for myself coming 24th April :). love you!
- Fragrance Type:
- Floral
Displaying reviews 1-5
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Related Content: New Jersey
January 24, 2014
Weekly Show
The investigation into alleged political strong-arming by Christie's office, the indictment of Bob McDonnell, the recommendations by the presidential commission on election reform and the latest on the major Syria peace conference in Switzerland. Joining Gwen: Dan Balz, Washington Post; Pete Williams, NBC News; Indira Lakshmanan, Bloomberg News; Alexis Simendinger, RealClearPolitics
January 10, 2013
Weekly Show
How Gov. Chris Christie is trying to distance himself from the erupting traffic jam political fallout; a closer look at Robert Gates' new memoir; the politics at play behind extending emergency benefits to the long-term unemployed; and a look at the war on poverty. Joining Gwen: Peter Baker, New York Times'; John Dickerson, Slate/ CBS News; Ed O'Keefe, Washington Post; Beth Reinhard, National Journal.
November 8, 2013
Weekly Show
We examine the takeaways of the 2013 elections in the lead up to 2014 and 2016; the strategy to get healthcare.gov repaired while also educating the public about Obamacare; the political battle to pass ENDA; and analysis of he October jobs numbers. Joining Gwen: John Dickerson, Slate Magazine/CBS News; Christie Parsons, Tribune News; Ed O'Keefe, Washington Post; David Wessel, Wall Street Journal.
August 16, 2013
Weekly Show
Obama spoke against the violence in Egypt, and the U.S. cancelled joint military exercises scheduled for next month; Holder is pushing to scale back mandatory minimum sentences for low-level drug offenders; and a look at Hillary Clinton and Joe Biden's 2016 ambitions. Joining Amy Walter of Cook Political Report: Indira Lakshmanan, Bloomberg News; Pete Williams, NBC News; Jeff Zeleny, ABC News.


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Ask Klaus!
Tri-Boot Tribulations
I am attempting to tri-boot a 3.6GHz P4 80Gb SATA drive machine with XP, Freespire, and Ubuntu, and it has failed twice, each time leaving my computer in a state in which it won't reboot into XP. After partitioning the drive, I attempted to install Freespire, only to have it spit out the disc at 90 percent completion, saying it couldn't install the X server (Error 209). I searched the Freespire support forum for that error and found it. Freespire seems to be touchy about whether or not the drive is "clean."
Since then, I have downloaded KillDisk, a utility to clean my hard drive. I assume that it is OK to clean the partition after reinstalling XP, repartitioning the drive, and cleaning the new partitions. I suspect that this is not the only reason for this error, but hope it is simply solved by cleaning the drive.
Will this solve the install problem?
I am unsure what "clean" should mean here. Assuming it means "disk with no partitions," you would have to delete all partitions from the partition table – including your Windows partition. But maybe it just means that there should be empty space after the first partition, in which case, you would just resize the Windows partition and leave the space afterward empty (i.e., not create a second data partition). If the installation process breaks after 90 percent completion, it could just be the case that the empty space was too small to hold the installation.
- Wipe program: http://wipe.sourceforge.net/
- Knoppix: http://www.knoppix.net/
- Wine: see article on page 46 of this issue.
- Linux Magazine May 2008 virtualization issue: http://www.linux-magazine.com/issues/2008/90
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Fedora Developer Announces New Partition Manager
New tool will look like GParted but support a wider range of storage technologies.
Mozilla Releases a New Firefox
New public key pinning feature will help prevent man-in-the-middle attacks.
Tool Predicts Which Websites Will be Compromised
Carnegie Mellon researchers say 3 million pages could fall down the phishing hole in the next year.
SSH Key Management Guidelines
The US government rolls new best-practice rules for protecting SSH.
Knoppix 7.4 Released
Klaus Knopper announces the latest version of his iconic Live Linux system.
PHP Attack Puts WordPress and Drupal at Risk
All websites that use these popular CMS tools could be vulnerable to denial of service attacks if users don't install the updates.
Heartbleed Bleeds On
According to a report, many potential victims of the Heartbleed attack have patched their systems, but few have cleaned up the crime scene to protect themselves from the effects of a previous intrusion.
Drone Brain Goes Open Source
DARPA and NICTA release the code for the ultra-secure microkernel system used in aerial drones.
Password Management Services Vulnerable to Attack
Should you trust an online service to store your online passwords?
New Raspberry Pi Adds Two USB Ports
New B+ board lets you build cool things without the complication of a powered USB hub.


text:
Chang Park
Soldier's Heart
Thousands of Iraq war veterans will come home to face psychological problems and a system that may not be ready to help them
The first time Kristin Peterson's husband hit her, she was asleep in their bed. She awoke that night a split second after Joshua's fist smashed into her face and ran, terrified and crying, to the bathroom to wipe the blood spurting from her nose. When she stuck her head back into the bedroom, there he was—punching at the air, muttering how she was coming after him and how he was going to kill her. Kristin started yelling but Joshua's eyes were closed. He was still asleep.
Thin Line
Musee des Beaux Arts. As you know, the horror cast by an Indian Ocean earthquake saturated news coverage both nationally and locally last week, and on Monday, Dec. 27, the Albuquerque Journal front page was exceptional for its odd, some might even say inane, choice of juxtaposed headlines.
Scott Rickson
Odds & Ends
Dateline: England—Spider-Man, Superman and Batman came to blows on Christmas Day in Canterbury, southern England. Police were called in to break up a fight after three men in tights were seen brawling on the sidewalk in front of a fast food van. The three superheroes apparently decided to trade punches after the van experienced a sudden shortage of burgers. A 23-year-old man suffered facial injuries, but declined to press charges. It is assumed the three were on their way to a fancy dress party. Or not. A police spokesman told the press simply, "Spider-Man, Superman and Batman were involved in a minor altercation at 12:32 a.m. at Wincheap on Christmas Day. The injured party declined to take it further."
Today's Events
Robo Task Force After School Program at ¡Explora!
An after-school robotics club for grades 3-7.
Prenatal Yoga at Inspired Birth and Families
Casino/Cuban-Style Salsa and Rueda de Casino at National Hispanic Cultural CenterMore Recommented Events ››
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So which is it Marky?
Last May the very independent-minded Macomb County executive made the only news coming out of the schmooze-fest at a business conference on Mackinac Island. He boldly announced that he would remain neutral in the race for governor.
If you know anything about Mark Hackel, you were not shocked but it was a good little story in that he did it almost right in front of Mark Schauer the likely Democrat taking on incumbent Gov. Rick Snyder.
It was not the kind of news peg Mr. Schauer wanted to fend-off as he worked the porch at the Grand Hotel trying to pick-up some free media on the outside, while the governor hob-nobbed with all his cronies from the business community inside the ritzy hotel.
Anyway the story came and went but now deserves a revisit in the wake of Mr. Hackel's most recent observations shared with the Detroit News.
Now he says, "I might" endorse in the race. "Might" is not the same as "won't" which means Mr. Hackel, who is a Democrat but perhaps in name only some say, is in the "flip" phase of a possible flip-flop on his possible endorsement in the governor's race.
So which is it Marky?
In the grand scheme of things regarding the outcome of the election, let's just say his endorsement either way is not a game changer, but if he stiffs Mr. Schauer again, it will be news the Schauer camp would rather not fend-off again. And if your the governor, you'd love to have it because it would add to his effort to portray himself as a bi-partisan kind of gov.
Macomb County is important to the outcome of the election and there might be some voters who follow Mr. Hackel's lead if he endorses... after he gets done, of course, explaining away his political change of heart.
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Wahoo! Tumblr raises $85m, total valuation close to $1b
Great news for the Tumblr community as today it was announced by David Karp, founder of Tumblr that they succeeded in getting a new round of funding of $85 million. Part of the funding is coming from a well known name you might have heard before - billionaire Richard Branson who owns Virgin Atlantic Airways and Virgin Records music label.
The latest funding brings the total amount of VC backed funding for Tumblr to over $125 million. Although an official valuation is not disclosed, according to a Business Insider article back in August, Tumblr may have an estimated worth of over $800 million, so it's not hard to imagine their total valuation is getting close to $1 billion in 2011.
Earlier this month Tumblr reached an important milestone in their journey getting to their 10 billionth post of all time. Tumblr's popularity and fast rise to the top of social blogging probably helped fuel Posterous' pivot as well.


text:
LOUISVILLE, Ky. (WDRB) -- Visitors to Taylorsville Lake are being cautioned about a potential health risk by going into the water.
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has identified a harmful algal bloom (HAB) in the lake that can be harmful to people and animals.
Harmful algal blooms are not typical algal blooms," said Clark Dorman, manager of the DOW Water Quality Branch. "HABs are a form of cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae, that produce toxins that can cause nose and skin irritation and other illnesses in humans and animals. Right now, the levels of the cyanobacteria in the lake are at a level where health effects may occur with exposure to affected lake waters. Therefore we are advising the public of the health risks associated with using the lake. As the summer progresses, we will continue to track these levels and advise the public appropriately."
The more typical green algae, which is not harmful to humans or animals, come in many forms and may look like underwater moss, stringy mats or floating scum. Cyanobacteria, on the other hand, looks like slicks of opaque, bright-green paint, but closer inspection often reveals the grainy, sawdust-like appearance of individual colonies of bacteria. The color of the algae may also appear as red or brown.
Symptoms of HAB exposure may include gastrointestinal symptoms such as stomach pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; skin and eye irritation, and/or throat irritation or breathing difficulties. If you are concerned that you have symptoms that are a result of exposure to HABs, please see your doctor and call your local health department.
The blue-green algae produce toxins that can cause nose and skin irritation and other illnesses in humans and animals.
Authorities say this is the first time the lake has been checked for algal bloom, and so it could have been there years ago.
Officials say it's important to avoid contact with water that has unusual color or where blue-green bacteria have been identified, even if the water appears to be clear.
The following guidelines are recommended to avoid exposure to HABs:
If you think you've come into contact with algae, wash off with fresh water as soon as possible.
For current information about HABs and monitoring at Taylorsville Lake, visit the USACE Louisville District website at http://www.lrl.usace.army.mil/Missions/CivilWorks/WaterInformation/HABs.aspx.
Copyright 2013 WDRB News. All rights reserved.
624 W. Muhammad Ali BlvdLouisville, KY 40203


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Many people think Obamacare was repealed
A large number of Americans don't realize that the Affordable Care Act is still the law of the land and will require everyone to have health insurance next year.
This post comes from Brandon Ballenger at partner site Money Talks News.
Forty-two percent of Americans don't know that the Affordable Care Act is still in effect, a new Kaiser Family Foundation poll shows.
Among those people:
- 12% think Congress got rid of it. (It's true the Republican-controlled U.S. House has tried literally dozens of times.)
- 7% think the Supreme Court did. (It's true that both Fox News and CNN wrongly reported that in the minutes after the ruling last summer.)
- 23% said they didn't know enough to say whether the law existed or not. That's a record high since KFF began tracking public awareness three years ago.
Nearly half of Americans say they don't know enough about the law to know how or whether it will affect them. More than half of those who stand to benefit most from the changes -- the uninsured and low-income households -- feel that way.
Forty percent have an unfavorable view of the law, while 35% have a favorable one. President Obama said at a press conference Tuesday that the administration is still making refinements to the regulations used to implement the law. One of those is a streamlined application form for the uninsured, The Associated Press says.
Healthcare.gov provides information about the law and how it affects everyone. It has help for getting insurance, plus a timeline for the law, which continues to be implemented in phases through 2015.
But here are a few key upcoming points about the still very-real health care law:
- Beginning in October, new insurance exchanges will open for enrollment in every state.
- At the same time, tax credits will become available to help many people afford their premiums.
- Beginning in January, most of those who can afford insurance and refuse coverage will pay a fine. There are exceptions -- check out this flow chart (.pdf file) -- and the amount will increase over time, but will initially be the greater of $95 per adult and $47.50 per child or 1% of family income. For example, that would be $285 for parents with two kids and a household income of $28,500.
More on Money Talks News:
Where has the MEDIA been on this? The left wing media is STILL protecting Obama and has been since the first time he ran for president. It is THEIR job to inform Americans. We need the truth to make smart decisions. They hid the truth about Obama's agenda and they hid the truth about what this HORRIBLE piece of legislation will do to jobs and the economy. They only want to tell us the truth about Republicans and ignore or hide the truth about the Democrats and Obama. They are hurting America with their favoritism and bias for one party over the other. Fairness and impartiality are a thing of the past in journalism. Just look at the way they covered the Occupy protest compared to the the Tea Party. I blame a lot of this ignorance on the liberal, progressive left wing MEDIA!
you spend over $7500 in gas a year with bush $3100 with bush you had a better paying job.
now you will have to pay $12000 a year for insurance and $7500 in gas and 37% for food. so over $20,000 a year to have Obama in office will it be worth it? if you don't belive me go back to your cheaking account when bush was in office and check for yourself.
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Fundamental company data and historical chart data provided by Morningstar Inc. Real-time index quotes and delayed quotes supplied by Morningstar Inc. Quotes delayed by up to 15 minutes, except where indicated otherwise. Fund summary, fund performance and dividend data provided by Morningstar Inc. Analyst recommendations provided by Zacks Investment Research. StockScouter data provided by Verus Analytics. IPO data provided by Hoover's Inc. Index membership data provided by Morningstar Inc.
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- Best rates on savings
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- Are you saving enough for retirement?
- Find a great credit card
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A charcuterie master shares his process for cold-smoking meat at home.
- Jetpacks about to go mainstream
- Weird things covered by home insurance
- Bing: 70 percent of adults report 'digital eye strain'


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Ottawa Senators goaltender Craig Anderson was taken off the ice on a stretcher during Sunday's contest against the Dallas Stars.
Stars winger Valeri Nichushkin skated hard to the net in overtime and into Anderson's crease, appearing to hit the netminder in the head with his knee.
Anderson was able to wave to the crowd as he was taken off the ice.
The native of Park Ridge, IL, was later seen walking the halls of the Canadian Tire Centre in full gear.
Following the game, Sens head coach Paul MacLean said Anderson has a stiff neck and will be further evaluated on Monday.
The Senators' next game is Tuesday against the Columbus Blue Jackets.


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Blue Jackets at Oilers, G61/08-09
This is Geoff Sanderson as a Swift Current Bronco. He was an original Blue Jacket at the turn of the century and had a nice NHL career as a scorer. The Oilers could use a scorer but have been unable to add one in time for tonight's game.
Tonight's huge game.
The Blue Jackets and the Oilers are in a life and death struggle for the playoffs. A win tonight for the Oilers (in regulation) will put them safely inside the top 8 in the western conference, and a regulation loss means Saturday's game against the Wild would be vital.
These games are huge because of the deadline, the closeness of the standings in the west and the jobs that are on the line in our town.


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Aww congrats!!
Aww congrats!!
woohoooo for contrx and for a new niece !!!!!!
Praying for a great appt today, lots of progress , and totally enjoy snuggle-bugglin' that little sweet pea...got to do that a couple weeks ago with my newest niece, looooooved it !!!
Thinking of you Rach !
Last edited by kellyowens; 07-03-2014 at 08:04 AM.
Your Girls And niece Are Adorable! Sorry you haven't had much progress. Hope things start working quickly and soon. Have your girls talk to the baby!! My dd1 must be the reason things would start moving as with both dd2 and ds the day before labour started she would shout at the belly - come out! Come out! I'm tired of waiting! Lol
They do love talking to her! They are always telling her she needs to come out.
I have not been feeling so great the past few days. I am feeling somewhat nauseated and have no appetite. When I do eat it makes me feel stuffed right away which makes me feel worse. I have been skipping meals a lot and doing more here and there snacking. There just isn't room for anything. I don't have another appointment until Thursday. Hoping this is almost done!
I felt the same way about the same time as you. Almost time!!
Hoping it is soon for you!!!
I was having the most regular/painful/consistent contractions for almost an hour this morning. Started getting excited annnnnnnd (TMI) went poop and it all stopped. They were definitely still contractions and not just pain from needing a BM because they were low and uterine/cervix centered. I must have relieved some pressure and made them stop though. Bummer! The good news is I started drinking red raspberry leaf tea 3x a day yesterday and I am definitely noticing more activity right after drinking it. The contrax this morning started up within an hour of drinking it this morning and I am in general more crampy and achy down there.
With Eric this time I had the same. Only both bm and contrix became almost regular -I had to go every single time for an hour after an contrix!!!! I hope they pick up for you. It is the most annoying feeling when you have hide and seek with labour pains!
Thinking of you and hoping things pick up and take off.
The end is so hard!
This week has definitely kicked it up a notch and I really feel like I don't have much longer to go. Lots of contractions again last night and this morning I woke up feeling like I have a period coming on with cramps and body aches. I have an appointment Thursday morning and something is definitely going on. Not feeling so much like I'll be pregnant forever. With the full moon this weekend maybe I'll get the push I need.
Sounds very promising! !! I hope you get good news at the appt!
Fx for you! !!
It's taken me all day to update because I am so depressed. Absolutely no change at all. Still only 1 cm and 50% which is what I have been at for a month solid now. I gained FIVE lbs in one week which is totally crazy because I haven't had any swelling and have not had much of an appetite. Baby girl is still measuring at 38 weeks for the second week in a row (so at least she isn't huge). I have had contractions and cramps all weeks. I've been glugging this stupid tea like crazy and taking 2000 mg of EPO every single day. Sex when I can get up the energy. NOTHING is doing anything. I was supposed to go to my sisters and see my little baby niece and the idea of holding a newborn baby that wasn't my own brought me to tears. I just can't anymore. Next Thursday if she isn't here yet we will be talking about an induction the following week because my husband starts vacation the 19th and will be off for 12 days. I have to have her towards the beginning of that or he doesn't get any other paid time off AND I won't have him there to help me, which I need. I so want to do this myself and not be induced and really at this point I'm not even progressed enough to do an induction. I am so down about all of this right now.
Oh, Rachel! I am so sorry you are under so much stress. Huge hugs. Thinking of you and hope there will be no need for an induction! !!!
Oh that is so frustrating Rachel. Hope things start moving along here for you quickly. :Hugs:
Oh Rach I'm so incredibly sorry !! It really is so discouraging to hear "no progress" especially when you're feeling something going on .
Just really really praying things get going for you very very soon without the need for an induction...although I totally understand why you'd opt for it based on dh's vacay days. I had my mw strip my membranes on a Thurs at 38wks (I was 3cm dilated and had been having bloody show for 2 freaking weeks...no joke ) because dh was working 3hrs away during the weekdays and my previous labor had gone really fast. I went into labor 4 days later though and he did end up making it back home in plenty of time, but my point is I totally feel you on that, especially when you have LOs at home to arrange care for .
Cmon Eleanor!!!!!!
Last edited by kellyowens; 07-12-2014 at 10:59 AM.
Well I made it to my due date for the first time ever. I am choosing to be thankful for that and every day God gives me with this baby. I haven't posted this weekend because I have been grieving over a friend's loss. I found out Friday that she lost her baby at 18 weeks. This is her third consecutive mid second trimester loss within the past two years. All I have done lately is complain about how done I am being pregnant and while I know this doesn't invalidate the feelings I have it really gave me a fresh perspective.
So sorry about your friend
Sending you labour vibes. There must be a reason why she is not in a hurry!
Sending prayers to your friend!
Pineapple is tasty


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A house located near Kathleen Goodwin Elementary School was raided by police late Friday night.
According to Police Chief Michael Spera, officers executed a search and seizure warrant on the house located at 96 Old Boston Post Rd.
Police currently have eight people detained and are searching for narcotics.
Stay with Eyewitness News for more information on this breaking news story.
Copyright 2012 WFSB (Meredith Corporation). All rights reserved.


text: On the heels of the enormously successful holiday album, "Hawaiian Style Christmas" comes "Hawaiian Style Christmas 2," guaranteed to be the most sought after Christmas compilation of 2005! Like its predecessor, Volume 2 contains multiple radio hits and new compositions never before available for purchase! "Winter Wonderland" by Ka'au Crater Boys, "Little Drummer Boy" by HAPA and "O Holy Night" by Kawika Regidor are just a few of the 16 absolute gems featured on this special collection of holiday mele! Deck the halls with red hibiscus, don a favorite Hawaiian shirt and grab your ukulele for an evening of yuletide magic by the hibachi and get that island holiday feeling with "Hawaiian Style Christmas 2." This beautifully packaged compact disc is sure to bring joy, merriment and tropical breezes wherever you are this Christmas!


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Product DescriptionStraight bladed CroMolyTIG-weldedTubing ISO discTab and removable canti pivots 26" wheel size, suspension-corrected for 100mmTravel Fork Rake: 43 mm SteererTube Length: 260 mm BrakeType: Disc,Linear Pull - Canti Wheel Size: 26" Disc MountType: 51mm I.S. Front Weight: 1420 g SteererTube: 1-1/8"Threadless AxleTo Crown Length is 447mm
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Buying a used car? Here are the models to look for
Honda and Toyota had the most models on Edmunds.com's annual list, making up nearly half the list with 4 vehicles each.
This post comes from Christine DiGangi at partner site Credit.com.
Honda and Toyota had the most models make Edmunds.com's Best Used Cars for 2013, filling out nearly half the list with four vehicles each. Ford also placed well, with three of its models making the list.
Edmunds.com, which provides research and car-shopping tools, issues the annual list based on vehicle reliability, safety, value and availability.
Only vehicle model years 2006 to 2011 were eligible.
Here's the full list.
Subcompact Sedan: 2007-2011 Honda Fit.
Compact Sedan: 2006-2011 Hyundai Elantra.
Midsize Sedan: 2007-2011 Ford Fusion.
Large Sedan: 2006-2011 Toyota Avalon.
Coupe: 2006-2011 Honda Accord.
Convertible: 2006-2011 Volvo C70.
Wagon: 2006-2011 Subaru Outback.
Compact SUV/Crossover: 2006-2011 Honda CR-V.
Midsize SUV/Crossover: 2006-2011 Toyota Highlander.
Large SUV/Crossover: 2007-2011 Mazda CX-9.
Minivan/Van: 2006-2011 Honda Odyssey.
Cargo Van: 2006-2011 Dodge/Mercedes-Benz Sprinter.
Compact Truck: 2006-2011 Toyota Tacoma.
Large Truck: 2006-2011 Ford F-150.
Luxury: 2006-2011 Infiniti G35/G37/G25.
Hybrid: 2006-2011 Toyota Prius.
Two-Seat Sports Car: 2006-2011 Chevrolet Corvette.
Performance Car: 2006-2011 Ford Mustang GT.
In a news release, Editor-in-Chief Scott Oldham explained some of the rankings: "There are a lot of popular cars on this list, and that's not a surprise," he said. "Wider availability of a particular vehicle almost always translates to more competitive prices and better value for used car shoppers."
Used-car loans made up 62.3% of outstanding auto loans in the second quarter of 2013, according to Experian Automotive data. The average loan on a used car was $17,913 -- up $480 from the second quarter 2012 -- and the average credit score of consumers with used-car loans was 660, the lowest it's been since 2007.
A consumer's credit score impacts the rate he or she will get on an auto loan, and higher scores will likely translate into lower rates (which will reduce loan payments). Credit scores are based on consumer credit history, so it's important to check your credit reports for potential errors before applying for loans.
Consumers should also have an idea of their credit score before shopping, which can be obtained for free through Credit.com's Credit Report Card.
More from Credit.com:
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Fundamental company data and historical chart data provided by Morningstar Inc. Real-time index quotes and delayed quotes supplied by Morningstar Inc. Quotes delayed by up to 15 minutes, except where indicated otherwise. Fund summary, fund performance and dividend data provided by Morningstar Inc. Analyst recommendations provided by Zacks Investment Research. StockScouter data provided by Verus Analytics. IPO data provided by Hoover's Inc. Index membership data provided by Morningstar Inc.
CareerCast has released its list of jobs that really aren't as glamorous as they seem.
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- Are you saving enough for retirement?
- Find a great credit card
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A charcuterie master shares his process for cold-smoking meat at home.
- Jetpacks about to go mainstream
- Weird things covered by home insurance
- Bing: 70 percent of adults report 'digital eye strain'


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These Consumer Giants Will Reward You For Decades
Bob is a member of The Motley Fool Blog Network -- entries represent the personal opinion of the blogger and are not formally edited.
Investors who consider themselves stock market historians have likely heard of the research done on the best-performing stocks to have owned over the past 60 or 70 years.
Among these stocks that have richly rewarded their investors for so many years are many consumer goods companies. You might be shocked to find out that some of the market's best-performing stocks have come from such slow-growing industries.
However, the slow-and-steady nature of consumer products is the exact reason for their success. And, even better, many of these stocks can be bought today for reasonable prices, virtually ensuring decades of strong returns.
Slow-and-steady: the true path to prosperity
Consumer products are purchased every day across America, regardless of the latest market-rattling headlines.
Procter & Gamble (NYSE: PG) is a legend among companies that have stood the test of time, thanks to its stable of successful brands. Some of these brands include Pantene, Bounty, Charmin, Pampers, Crest, Tide, and Gillette.
Kimberly-Clark (NYSE: KMB) is the consumer goods giant behind such brands as Huggies, Kleenex, and Cottonelle.
Clorox (NYSE: CLX) is an industry leader with many well-known brands under its umbrella. The company sells its products in more than 100 countries, and has many household brands including its namesake bleach, Kingsford charcoal, Pine-Sol cleaner, and Glad trash bags. Nearly 90% of Clorox's brands hold the No. 1 or No. 2 market-share positions in their categories.
Fortunately for potential investors, these stocks have come off their recent highs and are now trading at reasonable valuations. Thanks to fears of the Fed taper, in which our central bank reduces its monthly bond purchases designed to keep interest rates low, high-yielding stocks have declined in recent weeks.
Kimberly-Clark, P&G, and Clorox each trade for 19 times earnings, down from even higher multiples just a few weeks ago. These stocks still aren't screaming bargains, however, as evidenced by the fact that they still trade at a premium to the multiple on the S&P 500, which still stands in the high teens.
At the same time, though, premium stocks usually command premium valuations. These stocks have proven to be far better businesses than the bulk of the S&P components, and offer greater yields than the broader market. Consider that each of these stocks now yields 3.3% or higher--strong yields in the low-rate environment.
Dividend track records to help you sleep at night
These companies not only provide reliable cash flow in good or bad economic climates, but they also do a great job of sharing their success with shareholders in the form of strong dividends. Even better, these companies have proven their commitment to shareholders by paying and raising their payouts for years in a row.
P&G is quite simply the gold standard of dividend-paying consumer stocks. Earlier this year it increased its dividend by 7%. This year marks the 123rd in a row of consecutive dividend payments since the company's incorporation in 1890. Furthermore, P&G has increased its dividend for 57 years in a row.
Clorox recently raised its dividend by 11%, marking the 36th consecutive year of a dividend increase. Kimberly Clark has raised its dividend for 41 years in a row, and has paid dividends for 79 consecutive years.
Enjoy decades of gains to come
It may be surprising that consumer goods stocks can be the foundation of a rewarding long-term portfolio. After all, you're not likely to read about soap or tissues as the next major growth story, and you'll probably not see a segment on CNBC devoted to consumer staples as the sexy new investing idea.
At the same time, there's something to be said for slow-and-steady types. The companies that have stood the test of time have done so because of the reliable nature of their products. People are extremely unlikely to pare back spending on everyday items, even when under financial distress.
As a result, these stocks have lasted for decades, and will continue to last for the foreseeable future. These stocks are now reasonably valued, and will provide their owners with steady profits and strong dividends for several decades to come.
The Motley Fool's chief investment officer has selected his No. 1 stock for this year. Find out which stock it is in the special free report: "The Motley Fool's Top Stock for 2013." Just click here to access the report and find out the name of this under-the-radar company.
Robert Ciura has no position in any stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool recommends Kimberly-Clark and Procter & Gamble. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy. Is this post wrong? Click here. Think you can do better? Join us and write your own!


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Whether it takes the form of a leg up, a door opened, a steadying hand, or an affirmation, mentorship is intrinsic to UCSF.
Latest News
June 18, 2014
A conversation about mentorship between Adam Mendelsohn and Tejal Desai
June 18, 2014
A conversation about mentorship between Robert Gibson and Sharon Youmans.
June 16, 2014
Kim Q. Dau, CNM, MS, is the 2014 recipient of the Kitty Ernst Award, which recognizes excellence in clinical practice, education, administration, or research relating to midwifery and women's health.
June 12, 2014
In an effort to better address concerns about humans' impact on the environment and to communicate ongoing efforts to improve the world in which we live, the UCSF Office of Sustainability held a "Health and Sustainability Summit" at the Mission Bay campus.
June 10, 2014
Joshua Osborn was fighting for his life against a mysterious ailment. With his options dwindling, a team at UCSF employed advanced DNA sequencing technology to track down the culprit.
June 10, 2014
The multisensory room at the new UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco will offer young patients a soothing place when dealing with sensory regulation problems or pain.
June 03, 2014
The New York Times Health for Tomorrow conference, held at UCSF, featured experts from the University of California and across the country, addressing the changing landscape of health care.
June 03, 2014
There are 100 trillion bacterial cells living in and on our bodies. In the spring issue of UCSF Magazine, find out how these bacteria could be the key to treating and preventing a number of conditions from asthma to obesity.
June 01, 2014
San Francisco is one of seven winners of a national competition to encourage mentoring in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), with an initiative to be led by UCSF.


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Trail Corps volunteers explore possible new routing options.
Trail Corps volunteers perform route-related tasks on a state or local basis. Given our limited staff, we depend on the eyes and ears of our volunteers in each state to help us maintain a high quality route, maps, guides, and cue sheets.
Specifically, Trail Corps members:
If you are interested in joining the Trail Corps, please contact ECGA's Trail Coordinator, Eric Weis, at email@example.com.
FST's Bike Team
© East Coast Greenway | 5315 Highgate Dr ste 105, Durham, NC 27713 | firstname.lastname@example.com | phone: 919-797-0619


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A Minden man is in trouble with the law for "keeping a blind tiger," but his arrest has nothing to do with wild animals that are visually impaired.
Bobby Ray Johnson, 59, of the 400 block of Russell Street, is charged with selling alcoholic beverages from the back of his pick-up truck. Minden Police also served two warrants on Johnson for distribution of CDS Sch. II (crack cocaine).
Police Chief Steve Cropper said his narcotics agents have been watching Johnson for some time.
"Lt. Dan Weaver and Capt. Marvin Garrett noticed Johnson at the corner of Plateau and Front streets – always with a crowd of people around," Cropper said. "Sometimes there would be 15 or 20 guys ganged up around a burn barrel."
Weaver and Garrett identified Johnson and found two outstanding arrest warrants for drug distribution.
Thursday morning, Weaver, Garrett, Cropper, Det. Chris Cheatham, Det. Keith King and Lt. Seth Young and his patrol group went to the location. Johnson was reportedly missing; however, an ice chest containing only ice was at the scene and around 10 individuals were standing near it.
"We identified the ones that were there, patted them down and checked them out," said the chief. "None of them had outstanding warrants so we sent them all on their way."
About that time, Cropper said Johnson drove up in a black pick-up truck.
"We stopped him in the road, and Lt. Weaver and Capt. Garrett placed him under arrest on the outstanding warrants," the chief said. "The alcohol was located in the back of the truck, and Johnson admitted he had been selling beer and alcohol out of the back of his truck to the people sitting around the yard. That's what we call keeping a blind tiger."
While Cropper was unsure how long Johnson has been selling the beverages from his truck, he said agents have seen him at that location for at least two weeks.
"We decided to just shut the party down," he said.


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Havanese has a particularly long and soft coat. But the coat of the Havanese brings with it special care requirements which can be time consuming. It is important to understand what is required to keep the Havanese coat in good condition so that before purchasing the dog you know what will be required of you.
The coat of the Havanese is long and when it is well groomed it is straight and attractive. This coat must be brushed at least twice a week if it is to remain tangle free. A coat which is not brushed will become matted and uncomfortable for the dog. Dead hairs also collect in amongst the Havanese coat. Brushing removes these hairs which is much nicer for the dog. Havanese is often reluctant at first to be brushed. Ideally you should start brushing your Havanese from a young age so that they become accustomed to the treatment. Havanese can grow to enjoy being brushed and it can also be a relaxing and enjoyable activity for the owner as well. Havanese needs a lot of attention and love. Brushing your Havanese is an opportunity for you to bond with your dog and a chance for your Havanese to feel loved and attention. It is important that when you are brushing your Havanese coat that you avoid being too rough. Rough treatment can lead to irritation of the skin.
It is also important that you bath your Havanese on a fairly regular basis in order to maintain the condition of the coat. You need to bathe your Havanese about once a month unless they are particularly dirty for some reason. You should use a pet shampoo and conditioner on the coat. You may require a specific pH level for your Havanese so you should consult with your veterinarian before you shampoo and condition them. Bathing is an activity that many Havanese dislike however like brushing given time they usually get used to it. Once you have washed the coat of your Havanese you will need to dry it. Use a towel and gently pat the Havanese dry. Then use to a blow dryer to make sure that they are fully dry.
The important thing with grooming your Havanese is to make sure that you do so on a regular basis. Havanese is an indoor dog so are not as prone to getting dirty as an outdoor dog. However your Havanese needs exercise and is an energetic animal and as such you should be taking them for regular walks outdoors and in the park. While this is healthy for your Havanese it is also an opportunity for them to get dirty. Grooming can become an enjoyable activity for both you and your Havanese. You should not look at like a chore but rather as an enjoyable time that you can spend with your pet. Also if you regularly groom your Havanese they are more likely to become accustomed to the process. This means that will behave better which can enhance the experience for both you and the dog.


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Swordigo: This Top Rated Fantastic Retro-Inspired Adventure Game has Gone Free Again!
Editor's Pick: Swordigo
(4.5 stars with 20949 Ratings)
Universal App
(4.5 stars with 20949 Ratings)
Universal App
Free Offer Ended. This app was free on August 8, 2014, but the offer has expired. Follow us on Twitter or Subscribe by email or RSS feed to get daily App Gone Free notifications so you won't miss it next time. The following impression was made during the promotional period.
Platform games are always going to be a staple of any gaming experience, and Swordigo is one such game worth your look.
If you're curious about how awesome Swordigo is, look no further than the fantastic rating we gave it. Wait…look further. Like, at least through the rest of this post.
Swordigo takes you to a magical realm filled with intrigue and adventure. Run, jump, and fight your way through level after level of dangerous dungeons and towns, all while searching for treasures and acclaim. The graphics have a classic feel to them, but are steeped in high-end illustrations and animation. Gameplay is wonderfully smooth and the story will keep you enthralled until the very end.