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This article explains the impact of improvements to Household Final Consumption Expenditure (HHFCE) estimates between 1997 and 2011 incorporated into data released in Blue Book 2011.
Blue Book 2011 will introduce large scale changes in IT systems, methods and classifications to National Accounts estimates. These include: a new Standard Industrial Classification - SIC 2007, a new Classification of Products by Activity – CPA 2008, adoption of a new seasonal adjustment model (X-12-ARIMA), changes to deflation methods, including the harmonisation of deflators across the accounts and the move from using the Retail Prices Index for deflation to the Consumer Prices Index, where appropriate.
This article explains the impact of these changes and some other specific method developments for Household Final Consumption Expenditure (HHFCE) estimates between 1997 and 2011. The HHFCE specific developments include: the improvement of adjustments related to foreign tourist expenditure in the UK; the change in the level at which calculations like deflation and seasonal adjustment take place; and the re-classification of a service expenditure from one area of household expenditure to another.
In addition, the important impact of balancing household expenditure estimates against other sectors' estimates (Supply and Use balancing using the new SIC 2007 and CPA 2008) is discussed.The article also highlights a number of potential future HFHCE developments.
Household Final Consumption Expenditure estimates are produced in current prices and chained volume measures using the Classification of Individual Consumption by Purpose (COICOP). Changes to HHFCE estimates introduced in Blue Book 2011 are applied at a detailed good and service level using the COICOP classification.
Before Blue Book 2011, upward adjustments were applied to a number of commodities to reflect expenditure by foreign residents visiting the UK, not captured in source data. These adjustments helped produce the HHFCE domestic estimate - i.e. all spending in the UK domestic territory, which includes the exports of services (for example money spent by foreign tourists in the UK).
The adjustments were then 'netted-off', along with other foreign residents' expenditure in the UK, to transform the estimate into the HHFCE national estimate - which includes all spending by UK residents whether in UK territory or abroad, but excludes all foreign residents' expenditure in the UK. These broad adjustments were based on fixed proportions of total foreign tourist expenditure in the UK (which is part of the trade in services estimates).
The Blue Book 2011 method of calculating the tourism adjustments creates a link at a detailed level between COICOPs and Trade in Services estimates. It does this by taking Trade in Services foreign tourist expenditure estimates at a more detailed level (the Classification of Products by Activity – CPA 2008 level used for Supply and Use balancing) and matches it directly to published level COICOPs with tourist expenditure not covered in the source data. This new method has improved the consistency across National Accounts by allocating tourism adjustments to a number of COICOPs that were not previously adjusted. It has also changed the value of the tourism adjustments for some COICOPs.
The changes to tourism uplifts have generally increased HHFCE COICOP estimates, thereby improving the coherence of household expenditure with the supply side of the economy. This in turn has helped improved the consistency between COICOP and CPA 2008 used as part of the balancing process.
This change centres on the standardisation and simplification of the HHFCE compilation processes. It is invisible to users because the changes in calculations are at a level below the published estimates. However, calculating at a more (or less) detailed level has an important impact on one of the major changes taking place in Blue Book 2011, the move to deflation using the Consumer Prices Index.
In current price terms, the calculation change has a limited impact for the user at both the aggregate HHFCE and detailed level. However, below the published level the HHFCE system no longer produces some current price estimates. Annex A gives an example of a COICOP that used to have a detailed breakdown to seven current price estimates, but now is only broken down to three, below published level.
For chained volume measures the difference is more apparent. Previously the seven current price estimates were deflated, whereas now deflation is conducted at a more aggregated level, as shown in Annex A.
The expenditure on administrative charges of pension funds has been reclassified from COICOP 12.5.1 (Life insurance) to 12.6.2 (other financial services). This is a correction of a longstanding misclassification and does not affect the total HHFCE estimate. There are corresponding level shifts (from 1997 onwards) in both the life insurance and other financial services series, in both current and constant prices.
The previous section outlined changes that were specific to HHFCE. This section sets out the work conducted by HHFCE in accordance with the National Accounts framework. These developments have also influenced other areas of the National Accounts.
Supply and Use tables provide the framework for ensuring supply and demand estimates in the National Accounts system are consistent. They are compiled annually at current prices and use data from the Production, Expenditure and Income approaches to GDP, taking account of the relative strengths of each. The aim of Supply and Use balancing is to produce a coherent and balanced estimate of GDP in current prices.
The Supply tables explain how products are supplied in the domestic economy. The Use tables explain how products are consumed in the form of intermediate and final expenditure by sector. They are compiled based on two identities which together state that total supply in the economy is equal to total demand in the economy. As a component of the expenditure approach, HHFCE estimates, along with other expenditure components, are "balanced" so they equal the production and other supply side estimates.
Supply and Use tables are produced for each industry and for each product within the economy. The 2011 Blue Book data publishes the National Accounts consistent with the UK Standard Industrial Classification of Economic activities 2007 (SIC 2007) and the Classification of Products by Activity 2008 (CPA 2008) for the first time. A Blue Book 2011 Supply and Use article will be published providing more detail on the compilation of Supply and Use tables.
The re-classification of industries and products caused a change in the level at which estimates were processed, which in turn revised the link with COICOP HHFCE estimates. This link which takes the product estimates produced from the Supply and Use process and matches them to the areas of household expenditure is based on a correlation between COICOP and CPA published by Eurostat (see Correspondence Table: COICOP 1999 – CPA 2008).
National Accounts estimates in Blue Book 2011 are seasonally adjusted data using X-12-ARIMA, as opposed to X-11-ARIMA. The main difference between X-11-ARIMA and X-12-ARIMA is the inclusion of the regARIMA facility. This enables real-time estimation of prior adjustment factors, for effects such as outliers, level shifts, Easter and Trading Days. In X-11-ARIMA, these factors had to be estimated outside the package, forecasted and imported before seasonal adjustment could begin and were therefore less timely.
In current prices, at the total HHFCE and two-digit COICOP level (for example 01 Food and Drink) the new seasonal adjustment model has had relatively little impact. However, the seasonal adjustment of a small number of lower level products may be sub-optimal in early years (1997 and 1998). This is because the X-12-ARIMA model has been applied to observations from 1997 onwards. Annual totals are not affected. This sub-optimal seasonal adjustment also means some HHFCE detailed quarterly implied deflators may be less reliable in 1997 and 1998.
Before Blue Book 2011, a range of existing price indices were used to construct deflators for the components of GDP. The reasons why ONS has improved deflation methods by harmonising the price indices used (where possible) for Blue Book 2011 are set out in Drew (2011). This includes the use of the CPI for deflation of most HHFCE data in preference to the RPI used previously.
Where goods and services are provided to, and consumed by households, a relevant price index is used to deflate the relevant current price series. The RPI has traditionally been used for this purpose, for many years being the only one available. However, CPI has a number of advantages over the RPI for this purpose:
The CPI is designed to relate to all private and institutional households and foreign visitors to the UK. By contrast, the RPI relates only to private households, and excludes certain segments of the population (e.g. those whose income is within the top four per cent of all households).
The CPI takes its weights from the breakdown of household expenditure component of the National Accounts rather than from the separate household budget survey (Living Costs and Food Survey) used for RPI.
The classification framework for the RPI and certain other aspects of its construction are unique to the UK. By contrast, the CPI is produced according to a harmonised methodology across the EU and its use therefore improves international consistency between national accounts volume estimates - international guidance is clear that the CPI should be used.
The formula used to compute the CPI is predominantly based on a geometric mean whereas the RPI is computed as an arithmetic mean of price movements. This means that the RPI takes no account of substitution between similar products when one becomes relatively more expensive than others. By contrast, the CPI's formula does allow it to capture this substitution.
Before Blue Book 2011, HHFCE estimates were compiled from 260 data series for current prices. Detailed RPI price indices at this item level were used to deflate these series to produce chained volume measures. Under the new Blue Book 2011system the current price calculations are similar in number.
However, deflation using CPI is generally at a higher COICOP level. This means that the deflation calculations are now processed on 112 series. The change in deflation balances the conceptual benefits of the CPI against the reduced detail in comparison with deflation by the RPI. An example of the different level of deflation is shown in Annex A.
The listed developments that are unique to HHFCE, and those implemented across the National Accounts, all impact on current prices, except the change in deflation methods. However, because the changes have been implemented at a detailed level, or because they have brought the HHFCE estimate closer to the expected Supply and Use balance estimate, there is little overall impact at the aggregate HHFCE level. Total national HHFCE annual revisions on the level are less than 0.1 per cent (of the HHFCE previously published 2011 Q1 estimate) or less than £500 million in each year up to 2006.
The small size of the revisions between 1997 and 2006 mean that the differences between Blue Book 2010 and 2011 annual current price growth rates are below 0.1 percentage points (see Figure 1). It is only in the later years that the revisions in HHFCE annual growths have changed significantly. For 2008, the previously published estimate showed growth of 3.5 per cent, but Blue Book 2011 shows growth of 1.8 per cent. The previously published estimate for 2009 was minus 2.0 per cent, while it is minus 2.3 per cent in Blue Book 2011.
The differences between the two current price datasets can be separated into two periods. The main impact up until 2006 is the improvements in methods and processes applied in constructing HHFCE data, notably changes to the export of services adjustment, which have mostly reduced the overall annual Supply and Use balancing adjustments at the aggregate level (see Figure 2). This indicates that overall, annual HHFCE estimates are now more consistent with the other approaches to measuring GDP (income and output), that they are measured against as part of Supply and Use balancing.
The second period is in 2008 and 2009 where there is an added impact of the reduction in balancing adjustments as a result of the revisions made in the Supply and Use balance to lower the total HHFCE growth in these years. These revisions have been introduced through taking into account new and revised data in from the income and output approaches to GDP (for example HMRC income data for 2008/09 and 2009/10 and Annual Business Survey data for 2009). This is the main cause of the revisions in 2008 and 2009 shown in Figure 1.
The revisions to the aggregate HHFCE quarterly current price values (seasonally adjusted) are relatively small. This is because the impact of current price revisions at the annual level is limited. Figure 3 shows quarterly percentage growths for national HHFCE seasonally adjusted. The differences are more noticeable in the earlier and later periods. The earlier periods affected slightly by seasonal adjustment and the later periods by Supply and Use balancing.
However, at the aggregate level the revisions to the quarterly paths of the not seasonally adjusted and seasonally adjusted series are mostly similar, confirming that the introduction of X-12-ARIMA has had a limited impact. At the two digit COICOP level the seasonal pattern of data is maintained, although series often show slightly different annual growths as a result of the Supply and Use adjustment process because of the re-distribution of adjustments across COICOPs. This effect is continued and more evident in some of the detailed three and four digit COICOP data.
The volume growth of HHFCE is an important economic indicator as it feeds into the volume measure of GDP. Changes in current prices can occur because of a change in price or the volume of economic activity. By removing the effect of price changes through deflation it is possible to produce a volume measure. The introduction of the CPI as the price index to be used for deflation is the most noticeable change affecting the HHFCE chained volume measure (CVM).
However, it is worth recalling how the other changes in methods (already discussed) have also impacted on the HHFCE chained volume measure estimates:
Revisions to current price data - although in aggregate current price data have not changed significantly, there have been significant revisions at the 4-digit COICOP level (i.e. the level at which deflation takes place). The main changes have been as a result of changes in the Supply and Use balancing adjustments caused through SIC 2007 re-classification.
Difference in the level at which deflation is conducted because HHFCE current price calculations are conducted differently in Blue Book 2011.
The new seasonal adjustment model.
It is difficult to fully assess the impact of deflator change because of all the interlinked changes introduced at the same time. However, this section provides analysis conducted to model the impact of the 'pure deflator' changes within a 'steady state' new National Accounts processing HHFCE system.
This work isolates (as far as possible) the price indices differences from the processing and current price Supply and Use balancing derived differences. However, it should be remembered that the change in the level at which deflation takes place means that an exact comparison of CPI deflation against RPI deflation is not possible. One reason for this is because RPI deflation was previously carried out at a lower level. In order to conduct deflation at a higher level, comparable with the CPI, the HHFCE implied deflator based on RPI (Blue Book 2010) was used in some cases.
Figure 4 presents the top level HHFCE chained volume measure estimates under three scenarios:
Blue Book 2010 data re-referenced to a 2008 base and deflated by the RPI,
Blue Book 2011 data referenced to a 2008 base and deflated by the RPI,
Blue Book 2011 estimates referenced to a 2008 base and deflated using the CPI.
The first two series demonstrate that the difference between Blue Book 2010 data and Blue Book 2011 data is relatively small in comparison to the move to a different price index. It can also be seen that at the aggregate HHFCE level the largest impact of the move to CPI is in the earlier years.
Moving to the CPI as the price index used for deflation has reduced the CVM in early years, with the largest change in 1997 of 3.8 per cent. However, Figure 4 suggests that the effect of the current price and methodology changes introduced a slight uplift in the CVM level (by around 0.5 per cent in 1997). This is shown where the Blue Book 2011 (RPI) line is above the Blue Book 2010 re-reference line. This shows the current price and method changes partially offset the impact of the deflator change.
Figure 5a and 5b show the all items CPI and all items RPI (excluding mortgage interest payments and council tax). In Figure 5a it can be seen that the CPI index (not seasonally adjusted) is higher than the RPI for the earlier years. This is consistent with the results shown in Figure 4 because deflating by a higher price index reduces the CVM. Figure 5b shows that in most periods the CPI quarter on quarter growth is lower than that of the RPI. The lower CPI quarter on quarter growth means that the HHFCE CVM Blue Book 2011 growth series in Figure 4 converges with the two other series in 2008.
The differences between the two price indices used for deflation are largest in 1997, the furthest point shown from the base year (in Blue Book 2011 the base year is 2008). The impact of this can be seen in Figure 4 where the Blue Book 2011 CPI deflated CVM estimate is lower.
The differences between the all items RPI and CPI whilst relevant to the aggregate HHFCE picture conceals a varied picture when an analysis of HHFCE is conducted at the two digit level. An example comparing chained volume measure estimates using the RPI and CPI are provided in Annex B. More information on the differences between the CPI and RPI can be found on the ONS website.
Returning to comparisons with previously published data, the seasonally adjusted chained volume measure levels at an aggregate level (total HHFCE national concept) have been influenced by three factors: the new seasonal adjustment; the changes in Supply and Use adjustments and deflation by the CPI.
Figure 6 shows the quarterly growth rates (seasonally adjusted) for previously published Q1 2011 and Blue Book 2011. The differences in growth rates pre-2000 are a combination of changes brought about by the introduction of X-12-ARIMA; Supply and Use balancing adjustments being redistributed across COICOPs and differences in growth rates between the RPI and CPI. Between 2000 and 2007, it is the latter two reasons that have influenced the growth rate revisions.
In 2008 and 2009, the reduction in the Supply and Use balance for HHFCE is an added major factor which has impacted on the revisions to chained volume measure HHFCE growth.
The Supply and Use balancing process has not significantly changed aggregate level annual current price HHFCE between 1997 (the first year open for revision) and 2007. However, the balancing process for 2008 and 2009 has taken into account new and revised data sources (for example HMRC income data and new Annual Business Survey data), which has led to a downward revision to previously published data of around 1.5 per cent in both years. The impact of Supply and Use balancing at the total level was shown in Figure 2.
At a more detailed level, when particular goods and services are examined (two and four digit COICOP), the Supply and Use balancing process has had a more varied effect. This is predominantly because the reclassification to SIC 2007 has changed the matching of the estimates produced by Supply and Use balancing to COICOP products.
This reclassification has reallocated the total balanced HHFCE across the CPA 2008 products and HHFCE COICOPs. The charts in Annex C provide some of the largest differences produced in current price terms, for particular goods and services between Blue Book 2011 and previously published Blue Book 2010 estimates.
At the three and four digit level the differences can be more significant – the key examples being: Garments (03.1.2); Domestic and Household Services (05.6.2); Games of Chance (09.3.2); Restaurants, cafes etc (11.1.1); Life Insurance (COICOP 12.5.1) and Other Financial Services (COICOP 12.6.2).
A large development project to improve the estimates of expenditure on imputed rentals and repairs and maintenance for housing (COICOP 04) is planned for the proposed ESA 2010 Eurostat regulation. This work requires a review of existing sources and methods and collaboration with ONS Prices colleagues who are reviewing their measures of actual and owner occupied housing rental price changes.
In addition to this longer term development work, the HHFCE team will aim to incorporate into future Blue Books the results of other analysis projects they have conducted. Analysis has been produced on households' energy consumption (COICOP 04.5), in particular the estimate of gas consumption (COICOP 04.5.2). This will be used to inform balancing adjustments from 2006 onwards. Analysis of the consumption of alcohol (COICOP 02.1) has also been conducted. The HHFCE team are currently analysing external sources and working with the suppliers of data to assess how this can be used to improve the HHFCE estimates.
A new source and method for producing an estimate of expenditure on broadband is currently being tested for inclusion within HHFCE estimates. Given the development of broadband technology any new estimates would only influence HHFCE estimates from 2000 onwards.
This article has set out the improvements introduced into the HHFCE dataset as part of Blue Book 2011 production.
It has shown that the current price annual estimates have been revised most in 2008 and 2009. It also presented the reduction in overall Supply and Use adjustments throughout the period 2004 to 2009. The importance of the Supply and Use balancing process was described to put in context the changes and challenges in this Blue Book at a detailed COICOP level. The article also set out future work for the next Blue Book relating to HHFCE developments.
The reasons for changes in chained volume measure level and growth rate estimates were explained at the aggregate HHFCE level. These were the change in level of deflation, the new seasonal adjustment and most notably the impact of deflation using the CPI, but it was also explained that the Supply and Use balancing process influenced chained volume measures.
The authors wish to thank Marianthi Dunn, Stuart Deneen, Steve Drew, Catherine Marks, Gary Brown, Pete Lee, and Darren Morgan for their comments.
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Details of the policy governing the release of new data are available by visiting www.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/assessment/code-of-practice/index.html or from the Media Relations Office email: firstname.lastname@example.com.
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Here are a list of references to accompany this article:
Content of Blue Book, 2011 edition by Everett G (2011). (5.31 Mb Pdf)
Method changes in the 2011 Blue Book edition by Everett G (2011). (46.8 Kb Pdf)
Implementation of Standard Industrial Classification 2007: December 2009 update', Economic and Labour Market Review, December 2009, Volume 3, No 12, pp 51-55 by Hughes J, James G, Evans A and Prestwood D (2009). (1.05 Mb Pdf)
Correspondence table: COICOP 1999 – CPA 2008.
|Current breakdown of 01.1.1
|Breakdown of 01.1.1 from Blue Book 2011
|Bread and cereals
|Bread and cereals
|Bread, cakes & non-chocolate biscuits
|Bread and non-chocolate biscuits
|Chocolate biscuits
|Chocolate biscuits
|Cereals & cereal products
|Pasta products
|Pastry-cook products
|Cereal products
|Deflation is currently done at the lower level with individual RPI series for each product
|Deflation will be done at the 01.1.1 level using the CPI for 01.1.1
In the column on the left hand side there are seven sub-categories that aggregate into 01.1.1. Previously the HHFCE system calculated current price estimates below the published level for each of these categories. On the right hand side there are only three sub-categories. It is only these that are produced in the HHFCE system from Q2 2011 onwards.
Previously, each of the categories on the left hand side were deflated to produce chained volume measures. As from Blue Book 2011 (Q2 2011) deflation takes place at the 01.1.1 Bread and cereals level.
The analysis conducted in this Annex uses Blue Book 2011 data to show the impact of using the CPI instead of the RPI. The model is currently only configured to produce analysis up to 2009.
One of the largest impacts on a COICOP takes place in 03 'Clothing and Footwear'. This is shown in Figure 7, where the difference in 1997 between the Blue Book 2011 CVM estimate deflated using the RPI, and deflated by the CPI is £6.1 billion (falling to £1.4 billion in 2007). For this item of household expenditure deflating by the CPI has lowered the CVM in most years.
The impact of deflation by the CPI was similar for following COICOPs: 04 Housing; 05 Household goods and services; 07 Transport; 09 Recreation; and 12 Miscellaneous. The use of the CPI lowered the CVM by more than one billion in comparison to deflation using the RPI for these COICOPs.
It is worth considering the impact a little more at the detailed COICOP level, which for a number of goods and services is the level at which deflation takes place. At the two digit level Clothing and Footwear was heavily affected by the move to CPI deflation. Analysis at the four digit level shows that nearly all of this change is caused by COICOP 3.1.2 Garments (Figure 8). This change was driven by the difference between the RPI deflator previously used and the current CPI deflator shown in Figure 9.
However, at the two digit COICOP level the change in deflator did not always reduce the household expenditure CVM levels. When COICOP 08 'Communication' was deflated using the CPI the level is increased. A similar effect was seen in 10 'Education'.
A number of COICOPs have been affected to a lesser extent by the move to CPI deflation. These include: 01 Food and drink; 02 Alcohol and tobacco; 06 Health and 11 Restaurants and hotels.
Analysis in this Annex shows the current price changes in HHFCE estimates as a result of the Supply and Use balancing (SU) changes through re-classification to SIC 2007 and the re-distribution of expenditure across CPA 2008 products. In Blue Book 2011 National Accounts estimates were balanced using the input-output framework and Supply and Use tables up to 2009.
Figure 10 shows the downward adjustment incorporated into household expenditure estimates for garments in earlier years as a result of SU balancing. The main household expenditure source for this COICOP is the Retail Sales Inquiry, information from Trade in Goods and the Annual Business Survey used in the production approach has informed a decision to reduce household expenditure over this period.
Figure 11 shows HHFCE levels for domestic and household services have been revised upwards from 1997 onwards. This is a result of balancing the main HHFCE data based on the Living Costs and Food Survey with estimates derived from HMRC tax data for the Income approach to measuring GDP.
Figure 12 shows that the HHFCE levels for games of chance at current prices between 1997 and 2005 have been revised down, and upwards after 2006. The HHFCE estimates are based on information collected from the Gaming Commission, Office of the Lottery Regulator and the Living Costs and Food survey. These estimates are balanced against information from the Annual Business Survey and HMRC. The collection of gambling industry data for Supply and Use balancing and household expenditure is complicated by the number of international providers of gambling services, which are not always covered in source data.
Figure 13 shows that HHFCE estimates at current prices for "restaurants, cafes etc" have been revised down in all years. The changes in the household expenditure estimates in COICOP 11.1.1 are a combination of balancing the HHFCE data against industry output data for restaurants and alcohol companies (on-trade sales) and the removal of Supply and Use adjustments introduced in previous Blue Books.
© Copyright Crown 2011.


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I was just eleven years old when my uncle bought me my first set of Nicholas Sparks books. I ripped at the snowflake Christmas wrapping paper and The Rescue, The Notebook, and A Walk To Remember shifted in my hands. I had no idea who the author was at that time, but I was excited. They looked like "adult books;" accounts of mature scenarios like the Danielle Steel novels I used to "borrow" from my mother's library and read well into the wee hours of the morning. The gift was a rite of passage, an indicator that I was finally old enough to delve into topics such as love and physical chemistry and matters of the human heart.
The words spilled off the pages as I immersed myself in the lyrics that Nicholas Sparks so poetically described. I will forever blame that man for my lofty view of magical happenings, real life fairy tales that paint pictures of "over the moon, move in tomorrow, grow old together" instances of love. His literary illustrations had me feigning for his next novels; Every couple of months I'd be at the bookstore, pining through the "Bestseller" section to purchase my newest easy read. My eyes devoured every line, my heart yearned for a love story of my own after every last page.
Yet Nicholas Sparks always started his books in "medias res," in the middle of an ordinary day in an ordinary life. He never fully described the pre-fairytale journey of his characters, and it was hard for me to understand that these people did not just meet the suitor of their dreams and live happily ever after.
Enter me, front and center. I fell in love at thirteen, hard, with a man that I had a crush on since the fifth grade. It was my first beautiful account of true romance, perfect infatuation… We read those Nicholas Sparks novels together and vowed to create our own stellar story. At a very young age I experienced kisses in the rain, love poems filled to the brim with promises, red roses on anniversaries and white ones just because. This boy convinced me that I was the luckiest girl in the world, that I had found a love so great, that nothing, no one, would ever be able to penetrate the solid protective haven that we had created.
But he was just that, a boy… and I was a girl. We were two kids building dreams in our treehouse, unaware of the power of storms. Uninformed about the realm outside of our comfort zone. Once high school ended, we tried everything possible to combat distance, time, people, places, and our own evolving personalities, but growth is inevitable. And as time wore on, we grew apart.
Exit my high school sweetheart, stage right. I was a college freshman with a dream of one day becoming the next Nicholas Sparks. I had enrolled in Roger Williams University for creative writing, a passion that that become a part of me, infused in my blood stream and burning in my core. I still craved my own story, something beautiful amid a chaotic mess of a less than glamorous college lifestyle.
Beauty surrendered to the chaos rather quickly. Accounts of love were fleeting, parties were excessive, papers and exams wreaked havoc around me…
Switch the scenery.
I graduated from Johnson & Wales University with a degree in Marketing Communications, a far more practical and stable choice, lived in Rhode Island for another year before returning home to my parent's abode, worked two jobs through my internship program to afford travelling, near and far, landed my first job at the nonprofit I interned at and worked my ass off until the organization transferred me to their New York City location.
I look in the mirror today and know that I am not the girl I once was, sitting under the covers with a flashlight reading "A Message In A Bottle" cover to cover and imagining myself at 25, married with children, cooking in a kitchen while staring out the window at a white picket fence on my front lawn. I am a woman about to return to my desk on the 3rd floor of my office in Midtown Manhattan, with my hair in a high bun, tattoos on my wrists, and flats on my feet to bear the metropolitan commute. I have lived in my dream city for two years now, have put on over a dozen successful events, and have enjoyed every moment of this crazy journey.
The quest for that love story has not diminished over time though, and although each relationship to date has acted like a rolling tide, moving in with intensity before fizzling out to sea, I have been tossed around like a piece of glass, riding the waves and allowing them to mold me into something wonderful. With each fleeting romance, I have learned about myself: My favorite songs, my favorite places, my favorite foods. I have figured out which traits I favor over others. Which flaws I can tolerate and which acts I find inexcusable. I have learned to trust my intuition, have adapted to many surroundings and have fled from the scenarios have that stunted my ability to grow. It has all been a lesson of self-discovery, a perfect blend of incredible highs and educational lows, in retrospect.
It's an ordinary life, filled with extraordinary instances, and I live for those stellar moments that I can string together and weave around mundane backdrops. I am often consumed by my day to day, content more or less, guarded but not quite jaded. I am easily amused, entertained by city lights and seduced by sunsets, still… Waiting patiently but not actually looking for another soul to sit beside me and watch the sky shift from cotton candy colors to shades of gray.
Enter you… stage left.
It's almost as though fate looked on from the sidelines and anticipated this moment, where two lives would cross in medias res, after years of running parallel. I remember you as the quiet one in high school, mysterious behind a dark cloak of bangs, shuffling by in the hallway with no more to say then a hasty "hey." I was the girl on the field with a loud mouth, bouncing about to no music on the track, in line with my high-ponytailed friends. I had no idea that you played lacrosse and was voted homecoming king, just like you had no idea that I went home after practice to read my Nicholas Sparks novels in bed until my mother came in and turned out my light.
I had no idea that you went to Roger Williams University and were mere doors down from me, also playing beer pong and listening to the Outfield's "Your Love" on Tuesday nights.
But now… here we are, worlds apart yet at the same place at what seems like finally the right time. And this blog entry, it's for you. I've had this diary of sorts since 2009, situated in a quiet corner of the internet yet easily accessible to the curious onlooker…
Today I realized that I don't need it anymore.
I have you, the beginning and end of everything. The inspiration, the voice that fills the silence, the haven I turn to when I have a secret to jot down. You now are the safety net for every fear, the memento box for every accomplishment, the online journal for my thoughts.
You are my Nicholas Sparks story, and now I realize that not all things are meant to be lived out loud. They don't need to be open to ridicule or scrutiny or any judgment whatsoever, but can live inside our memory until the story has aged enough to be passed down and enjoyed.
And so today I say goodbye, for now at least, to one of my most prized possessions. It doesn't mean that I am going to stop writing, but am choosing to close the door to a part of my life that I wish to keep private and sacred. I don't feel compelled to "check in" with the world anymore, but am getting use out of the paper journal that travels with me wherever I go. For the first time in my life, the pages are weathered and worn, stuffed with photos and ticket stubs and words that mimic the ones that Noah and Allie, Landon and Jamie, Miles and Sarah used in all of my favorite tales.
Until my next creative venture is discovered… Exit, stage right.
Just the two of us.

subset: commoncrawl


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Kate Middleton Makes First Solo Public Appearanceby Free Britney at . Comments
Prince William who?
Kate Middleton, the lovely 30-year-old Duchess of Cambridge, made her first solo public appearance since marrying into the royal family earlier this week.
Attending a preview of Lucian Freud paintings at the National Portrait Gallery in London, Kate donned an affordable gray Jesire dress and four-inch heels.
Take a look at the Kate Middleton pictures below!
Middleton spoke with photographer Mary McCartney and Freud's daughter, Bella Freud, inside the museum, smiling as always.
The National Portrait Gallery is one of the five charities Middleton - an art history major at St. Andrews University - supports as part of her royal post.
William, meanwhile,is currently deployed 7,500 miles away in the Falkland Islands, near South America, as a search-and-rescue helicopter pilot.
[Photo: WENN.com]
There is no longer any such person as Kate Middleton, her husband is William Mountbatten. Prince Charles is also Mountbatten as are Mr and Mrs Mountbatten (the Queen and Prince Philip.) The second item mentions Kate Middleton's first solo engagement since marrying into the royal family this week. The writer should learn to speak English; she didn't get married this week, she was married months ago.


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Crete Aquarium
Featuring a wonderful array of marine life, the Crete Aquarium features a fantastic variety of reptiles too, such as Loggerhead turtles, Balkan Green Lizards, Skinks, gheckos and snakes, guaranteed to keep the little ones captivated. Interesting fish such as scorpion fish, groupers eels, octopus and stingrays can be viewed too. The aquarium is an animal rescue centre and most of the animals to be found there are rescued or previously injured animals which the establishment has rehabilitated or taken in. Aquaworld encourages a hands-on interaction with many of the animals and there are great photo opportunities for photographers. One of the most impressive and popular specimens is Naga, a seven-year-old Burmese python who is already almost four metres long. Visitors can watch the pythons feed and can touch and hold many of the animals. Although they specialise in local fauna, the aquarium does collect reptiles and marine life from further afield as well. A trip to the Crete Aquarium is a must for all families, especially those with young children.
Address: Filikis Etirias 7, Limani Hersonissou
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Website: www.aquaworld-crete.com
Telephone: +30 28970 29125
Opening times: Open 1 April to 31 October daily 10am-6pm (last entry 5:15pm).
Admission: €6 (adults); €4 (children)


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INDIANAPOLIS, IN (December 13, 2011) — Twelve high school athletic directors were inducted into the third Hall of Fame class of the National Interscholastic Athletic Administrators Association (NIAAA) in Indianapolis, Indiana, during banquet festivities at the 42nd annual National Athletic Directors Conference co-sponsored by the NIAAA and the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS).
This year's conference was held December 9-13 at the Indiana Convention Center in Indianapolis.
The 2011 NIAAA Hall of Fame class includes Fred Balsamo, CMAA, Wallingford, Connecticut; Robert Buckanavage, Yardley, Pennsylvania; Priscilla Dillow, CMAA, Plainfield, Indiana; Thomas E. Frederick, (deceased), NFHS staff; Alan Mallanda, CMAA, Lake Luzerne, New York; Herb Meyer, CAA, Oceanside, California; Bruce Miller, Ed.D., Las Vegas, Nevada; ; Arthur Newcomer, Ed.D., CAA, Overland Park, Kansas; John Olson, CMAA, Ph.D., Madison, Wisconsin; James Omps, CAA, Winchester, Virginia; Martin Ryan, CMAA, Wells, Maine; and Barbara Twardus, CAA, Seattle, Washington.
Alan Mallanda, CMAA, New York
Alan Mallanda retired in 2003 after 36 years as a teacher, coach, official and athletic administrator in four New York school districts. The final 20 years of his career were spent in the Corning-Painted Post Area (New York) School District.
Although he is retired from school duties, Mallanda is still active in athletic administration. He is currently serving as the executive director of the New York State Athletic Administrators Association (NYSAAA), a position he has held since 2000.
After serving as a teacher, coach, assistant principal and athletic director in three smaller New York school districts for 16 years, Mallanda became director of athletics in the Corning-Painted Post Area School District in 1983. He administered a physical education and athletics program for two high schools, two middle schools and nine elementary schools involving 5,800 students, 32 full-time staff and 125 coaches.
At the national level, Mallanda was a charter member of the NIAAA in 1977 and has since served as president (1993), chair of the Professional Development Committee (1989) and state delegate (1981-2000). Mallanda was a member of the NIAAA Board of Directors from 1990 to 1994, a member of the first NIAAA Strategic Planning Committee and a conference workshop speaker on four separate occasions. He has been a member of the Leadership Training Institute's National Faculty since 1996, and he currently holds a position on the NIAAA's Accreditation Committee.
Mallanda was instrumental in co-authoring three national publications of the NFHS/NIAAA—"A Guide for College-Bound Student-Athletes and Their Parents," "A Profile for Athletic Administrators in the Nineties" and "Fund Raising Guidelines."
Mallanda is also a member of the National Executive Directors Council. He was one of the original eight individuals on the Organizing Committee and has been the Program Committee chair. He began a two-year term as vice chair to the Executive Board this year.
Mallanda has had a profound impact on athletic administration at the state level as well. Prior to serving as executive director for the NYSAAA for 11 years, he held the positions of president (1986), secretary (1983-1985), Professional Development chair (1981-83) and Finance Committee chair (1988-1999). He has also been the organization's newsletter editor and publisher since 2003 and delivered presentations at seven different NYSAAA Conferences between 1983 and 1998.
Mallanda, who received both his bachelor's and master's degrees from State University of New York, Cortland, is a member of the New York State Coaches Association's 100-win club in baseball. He has coached teams in baseball (10 years), football (eight years), gymnastics (eight years) and basketball (two years) and is also a certified New York State basketball official.
The honors bestowed upon Mallanda include the NFHS Citation in 1987, NIAAA State Award of Merit (1991) and NIAAA Award of Merit (2001). In 2011, Mallanda was inducted into the New York State Public High School Athletic Association Section 4 Hall of Fame.


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The Most Fantastic Art Journal on the Web.
art (at) artruby.com
The Most Fantastic Art Journal on the Web.
Nikhil Chopra at gb agency.
Andreas Slominski at Metro Pictures.
Xu Zhen / Armory Show 2014.
Thomas Flechtner, Site 14 and 33, (2002—2006).
Bosco Sodi
William Kelly, Corfu II, (2009)
Misaki Kawai "Hair Show" at The Hole
M/M (Paris), Portant (2008) at Air de Paris.
Dan Flavin, untitled (to Christina and Bruno), 1966-71 at David Zwirner NY
Jennifer Rubell, Padded Cell, 2010. This is a 8'X16' freestanding installation room constructed of cotton candy.
Misaki Kawai, Bing Bang, (2012).
Photography / prints by Wolfgang Tillmans.
Sculptures by Georg Herold
Fun paper works by Lauren Clay
Mouawad Splendour by Damien Hirst, (2007)


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The Schomburg Shop
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Check Out These Holiday & Black History Month Gift Ideas at The Schomburg Shop. Every purchase supports the important work of the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture.
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Wharton on Wednesday
Wed, Aug 28, 2013
Times: 5:00 p.m
Venue: The Mount
2 Plunkett St., Lenox, MA 01240Contact:
0 people saved this
Enjoy summer afternoons on the Terrace while listening to Wharton's short stories read by professional actors. This year's short story series will be book-ended with readings from the novel The Custom of the Country in celebration of its 100th anniversary. Price: Members free; General $5.
Fall Fairs & Festivals: Fall for the Arts
As autumn arrives on Cape Cod, bustling beaches and delectable ice cream give way to...
Search All Listings Here.


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Q: The condo owners above me are constantly making loud noises. They drag things across the floor, play very loud music and there's often thumping noises. I have called the office and complained to the manager but nothing has changed. I have even called security. What can I do to gain back some peace and… Read More
Condo Culture: Noise complaints
December 5, 2011 by Leave a Comment


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Reader Comments (Page 1 of 1)
I'd like to see a time-based rotation of eclipse. When you cast your first spell in combat (or initiating combat) then you trigger either Lunar or Solar eclipse. Then every 30 seconds (or maybe 45) it shifts on its own and continues to shift between Lunar and Solar in that manner until combat ends.


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CASSOPOLIS (WKZO) -- A 12-year-old from Niles is dead and a 14-year-year suffering from serious injuries after a crash in CassCounty.
TV-8 is reporting that the two boys had been playing video games when their parents say they apparently slipped out of the house early Tuesday morning to go on a "joyride".
Cass County Deputies say that the 14-year-old Brandon Burr was driving east on Bertrand Street in Milton Township just after 2 a.m. Tuesday when he lost control of the car on ice covered pavement at high speed.
The car struck a tree with enough force to nearly tear it in half.
Both boys were wearing seat belts, but it wasn't enough.
12-year-old Adrian Chiquito was pronounced dead at the scene.
Burr was rushed to South Bend Memorial with severe head and pelvic injuries.


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Sonic CEO: It Was Right To Fight Order
October 10, 2011 by UPI - United Press International, Inc.
WASHINGTON, Oct. 10 (UPI) — Sonic.net Inc. Chief Executive Officer Dane Jasper said opposing a secret government order to turn over client information was the "right thing to do."
The order involved a government investigation of Jacob Applebaum, a volunteer with WikiLeaks, who has not been charged with any crime.
Fighting the order was "rather expensive but we felt it was the right thing to do," Jasper told The Wall Street Journal.
Sonic appealed to block the order but lost in its bid to do so.
Since U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder said the Justice Department is investigating WikiLeaks, Sonic and Google have received orders to turn over the e-mail addresses of people who have used the Internet to correspond with Applebaum, but not the e-mails themselves, the Journal reported Monday.
Google has not commented on the issue, the Journal said.
The order was issued under the Electronic Communications Privacy Act written in 1986, three years before the World Wide Web was envisioned.
Some say the request is akin to asking a company to turn over an individual's personal address book.
The government argues the request is more aligned with asking for a public phone book than a personal one. However, the court orders can be issued in secret. Both Sonic and Google petitioned for permission to inform Applebaum of the investigation but the law is set up in a manner that prohibits this.
Google, Microsoft Corp. and AT&T are among the firms lobbying to update the law.
Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt., said in May the law was "significantly outdated and outpaced by rapid changes in technology."
Leahy has introduced a bill to update the law.


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FPV3 ROTJ armor with machined aluminum knee darts made from the spec of FP resin darts. Armor are all trimmed. Save you a lot of work.
Asking USD355 EMS shipped
FP Gauntlets (fiberglass upper part with vacuum formed lower part) with Alco Switches and push buttons (not in photo). Trimmed. Save you some work.
Asking USD265 EMS shipped
MOW Boba Fett Boots painted in size 12 with spats, and machined steel spikes without rack (some DIY required).
Asking USD185 shipped.
TK-409 Vest fits chest 38" (not in photo)
Asking USD50 airmail shipped
Attachment 73465Attachment 73466Attachment 73467Attachment 73468Attachment 73470Attachment 73469


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In the past almost-decade, Jason Mraz has graduated from park concerts to club shows to radio station holiday hodgepodges to this, his first-ever headlining amphitheater tour.
That probably has something to do with a career that leveled out shortly after his debut single, the breezy, tongue-twister, "The Remedy," then surged five years later with the inescapable acoustic affirmation, "I'm Yours."
The song broke the Billboard Hot 100 record by hanging around the charts for 76 weeks and was nominated for a pair of Grammys.
Not to be defined by that piffle, Mraz, 35, quickly returned to the charts with "Lucky," his sweet duet with Colbie Caillat; earlier this year, a scruffier, slightly brawnier Mraz revisited his sensitive side with another acoustic-based dose of musical encouragement, "I Won't Give Up."
His two-month "Tour Is a Four-Letter Word" run – a playful take off on his latest album, "Love is a Four-Letter Word" – brings the Virginia-born, California-transplanted singer-songwriter to Aaron's Amphitheatre at Lakewood this weekend.
He had time for a brief chat earlier this week from a tour stop in Tampa, Fla., to talk about the live show, politics and being green.
Q. This is a big tour for you. How have you had to adjust the staging for amphitheaters? Bigger band? Different arrangements?
A. All of the above. We're reviving a lot of old songs I couldn't pull off live [before] and there's a lot more technology on stage. We've got large screens with beautiful content and close-ups of the band. But the key point is having a good time. The goal is for our songs to flow from the stage like the audience is used to.
Q. Did you pick Christina Perri as your opener?
A. I did. It was she who inspired me to work with my producer [Joe Chiccarelli], and we got to spend some time together and duet together. [Marz and Perri sing "Distance" from Perri's album, "Lovestrong."] It made perfect sense to join forces for a summer tour. She's such a powerhouse. She's always laughing and having a great time with everyone backstage.
Q. What's inspired this new manly look with the long hair and beard?
A. [Laughs] When I made the last album I really retreated. I moved into a quiet little room in downtown Los Angeles for a couple of months and it was like being in a cave, and when I came out I have a beard and long hair. Then I got home [to San Diego] and took the mirror off the bathroom wall and replaced it with a sign that says, 'You look amazing.' It changed my whole outlook. I want to make great music and when I'm not making music I want to better the world.
Q. You're doing a lot of 'green' things on this tour, aren't you?
A. Absolutely. We're eating food from local farmers every night and traveling with reusable filters. We're planting trees in select cities and encouraging fans to carpool to the shows and giving them discounts.
Q. Will you be doing any political campaigning as the election gets closer?
A. Yeah, probably so. I think the swing states, especially. Personally, this isn't a partisan issue, but I think a four-year term is too short because no matter who you are, you're going to be met with opposition so you spend the first two years dealing with that and then it's time to start thinking about campaigning so you have zero time to get anything done. I applaud [President] Obama for all that he has done and would love to see him have another four years to complete his mission.
Jason Mraz with Christina Perri. 7:30 p.m. Saturday. $23-$59.50. Aaron's Amphitheatre at Lakewood, 2002 Lakewood Way, Atlanta. 1-800-745-3000, http://www.ticketmaster.com/.
August 15th, 2012
8:12 am
I disagree entirely with his political view on the presidency, but I am fan of his music and looking forward to seeing him perform.
August 15th, 2012
10:02 am
He just lost a fan. I really wish that musicians and actors would just shut up when it comes to politics…I don't want your view and I don't care about your view but now that you felt the need to give it to me, I will not go to your concerts or buy your albums. That probably doesn't bother him though, given his political views, he probably just believes that everyone should get to go to his concerts for free and he should just give his albuma away. HYPOCRITE!
August 15th, 2012
10:28 am
I saw him in 2009 at the Verizon Amphitheater. This is not a new level of venue for him. This article seems dated.
August 15th, 2012
10:39 am
Reagan, your handle is so obvious. I really hope your parents didn't stick that one on ya. But I guess from your childish spew it fits.
August 15th, 2012
10:47 am
Reagan you're that petty that you won't be a fan because he prefers another candidate than you? I can see if he was spouting ignorance by saying he won't vote and encouraging others to do the same (Lupe Fiasco) but he's not. You said you liked his music; be a fan of his music not the person. Sounds like you're hurting yourself more than him.
August 15th, 2012
10:57 am
To Reagan
It both fascinates and saddens me to see the level of hatred in the voices of people who embrace the cult of Fox, Limbaugh , et. al. Look closely at many of the greatest artists and musicians in history and you'll find they have similar views. Think, Bruce Springsteen, Neil Young, and this young man among many others. How much hate does someone have to pack into their heart in order to be able to say "I love his person's inspired wok, but I hate this person because he likes our president?".
Really saddens me. Learn to love.
August 15th, 2012
11:16 am
Play music or be a politician !
August 15th, 2012
11:35 am
Yeah! Only bloggers can have opinions! Damn the musicians that do! We are the only ones allowed to voice opinions! You've lost me, Mraz! I have the right to disagree with you, but YOU, you cannot disagree with me! AJC Blog comments for life! My life is amazing!
August 15th, 2012
12:08 pm
Hey Reagan. You probably defended Mr. Cathy for speaking out against gay marriage. Now you want musicians to shut up about their views. If so, you're the hypocrite not Jason. Mr. Cathy and Jason have every right to speak their views on any topic. Don't agree, you have the right to not purchase his music or concert ticket as I will not "Eat Mor Chikin".
August 15th, 2012
12:10 pm
who is jason mraz?
August 15th, 2012
4:58 pm
that 2009 show @ Verizon was double booked. Tool initially were to play the amphitheater on that night, but alas, it was Jason Mraz who ended up playing there… Tool got moved to gwinnett arena. I was bummed about the extra drive time, but the show more than made up for it!
August 16th, 2012
10:09 am
When speaking about abortion Obama said "If my daughters make a mistake I don't want them to be punished with a baby." Did you know that if the abortion patient is running late to her abortion appointment, and gets rear ended by her abortion doctor whos also running late by accident at the exact time the abortion was supposed to take place and the fetus dies, the doctor is charged with 1 count of involuntary vehicular manslaughter? If this is so, then it IS a life. IF IT GROWS, IT'S ALIVE! IF YOU HAVE TO KILL IT, IT'S ALIVE! And it boggles my mind when someone like Jason Mraz who sings about love and peace and all these nice things stands behind a man who believes that a baby is a punishment if it's inconvient. YOUR BEST ARGUEMENT IS "I LIKE TO HAVE SEX FOR PLEASURE" and you don't want to endure the consequences. The decision is made when you open your legs, not when you find out your already pregnant because thats what happens when you have sex sometimes…I love Jason's music and I'm sure his heart is something to admire, but I think he's decieved. He beleive's in local farms and businesses, small goverment, taking responsibility for your own life, God/Jesus Christ…these are conservative ideas…why does he support this inconsiderate president who has no interest in LEADING but rather RULING the USA.
August 16th, 2012
10:27 am
Am I on the Op-Ed page?
I just wanted to say what a disappointment it is to have another VERY middle of the road performer get an article in the AJC while more deserving artists get nothing. All, apparently, because this type of artist reaches more people & delivers more response for the paper. If that is a journalism school ethos, the entirety of journalism schools attendees missed that memo. Even as a business ethos, it's severely lacking in forethought.
Btw, anyone other than tweens using their parents' credit to see this guy for $60 is nuts. No, I'm not a a hater, just someone who can actually think critically.
Oh, and ftr
August 16th, 2012
11:13 am
Oh, and ftr, Mraz has the right to voice his opinion just like we all do. Respect, indeed.
August 16th, 2012
12:14 pm
[...] album, "Love is a Four Letter Word," was released in April. With Christina Perri. Check out our interview with Mraz. 7:30 p.m. Aug. 18. $39.50-$59.50; $23 lawn. Aaron's Amphitheatre at Lakewood, 2002 Lakewood Ave. [...]
August 16th, 2012
6:04 pm
[...] album, "Love is a Four Letter Word," was expelled in April. With Christina Perri. Check out our talk with Mraz.7:30 p.m. Aug. 18. $39.50-$59.50; $23 lawn. Aaron's Amphitheatre during Lakewood, 2002 Lakewood [...]
August 18th, 2012
3:17 pm
He's extremely talented…I enjoy his music…He was asked a question about his political views and he answered in a straightforward way…Get over yourselves! I don't think it's any skin off his teeth if you decide you'll no longer listen to his music because of his political views..how juvenile..There are many republican rednecks who make good music..While I disagree with their political views, and consider them ignorant and misinformed, I would not stop listening to them and appreciating what they bring to the world with their musical gifts…The stupidity among Americans has reached unfathomable depths.
August 19th, 2012
2:34 am
[...] hippie, treating fans with respect while quietly sharing his save-the-Earth missions (he mentioned in an interview last week several initiatives in place during this [...]


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The Hollywood Reporter's (@THR) top 100 Women in Entertainment list came out today. At first glance I thought it was just all the female execs and agents in town (yawn) but in reading it further, there are some inspirational women highlighted. If you're in this business, you need to know who these smart women are. But only #11, Lauren Zalaznick, seems to have any affiliation with the digital space. I hope this changes.
On a side note, I was supposed to interview for a job with Stacey Snider back in my William Morris days. I always wondered what it would have been like to work her, what I would have learned. But instead I left the business side and followed my passion. Now both sides have merged for me. I hope to meet the woman one day soon.


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Serves as an administrative secretary to the Mayor, City Administrator and other city officials; manages, organizes and processes all official records of the City; supervises municipal elections; coordinates public meetings of staff, the City Council, and Boards and Commissions; primary telephone contact with public and performs related work as required.
Work is performed under the general direction of the Mayor and City Administrator. This is a City Charter position, appointed by the Mayor with concurrence of the City Council.
Prepares and manages agendas as directed by the Mayor and City Administrator for the Council and City Boards and Commissions.
Compiles supporting documents for agendas, posts meeting notices, including to the City's website.
Prepares meeting minutes for approval by City Council and other Boards and Commissions of the City.
Attends evening meetings of the City Council and other Boards and Commissions as the recording secretary.
Publishes all required legal notices in the official newspaper of the City within the appropriate time requirements dictated by state law.
Responds to requests for information and assistance from Council, staff and citizens.
Maintains records, filing, drafts and correspondence for Mayor, City Administrator and other city officials.
Maintains custody of city seal and official records of the city including ordinances, resolutions, minutes of the City Council, contracts, agreements, etc. Attests to all official documents of the City.
Serves as the Official Records Management Officer for all city documents; including management of all records stored at Iron Mountain; insures City is compliant with State Law.
Receives on behalf of the City petitions, initiatives, referendums, recall proceedings and applications for office, and verifies all applications and petitions.
Coordinates and administers elections and related matters for the City and other agencies as directed. Serves as Early Voting Election Judge.
Serves as a key member of the City's Emergency Management Operations Team.
Assists in preparation and management of various budgets.
Assists other departments with customer service as needed.
Performs other duties as directed.
Knowledge of the Texas Election Code, Texas Local Government Code and Texas Open Meetings Act; excellent knowledge of grammatical and technical writing rules and standards; knowledge of City Charter and Ordinances; basic knowledge related to local government administration and home rule governance; knowledge of municipal election laws and duties; knowledge of basic accounting principles; knowledge of computer systems including Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access); knowledge of document retention and records management; knowledge of secretarial and administrative practices.
Excellent oral and written communications skills including accurately recording information in precise, written form; highly skilled in computer operations using all Microsoft Office 2000 applications; skill in operating office equipment including copiers, scanners and fax machines ; skill in technical writing and copy editing; excellent organizational, document management and record keeping skills.
Minimum Abilities
Ability to effectively communicate orally and in writing; ability to work well with others; ability to identify what information is needed by others for effective action; ability to deal in a fair and courteous manner with a variety of individuals; ability to demonstrate consideration of others regardless of ethnicity, gender, beliefs, or personal style; able to effectively record, document and process complex information in a timely manner; ability to fulfill requests or otherwise provide services, accurate information, or assistance in a courteous and timely manner; ability to present a positive image of the city; ability to safeguard sensitive or confidential information from intentional or unintentional disclosure; ability to maintain an accurate and legible record of official city business; ability to organize and conduct an efficient and honest election in compliance with State law and local ordinances; ability to set goals and accomplish same; ability to type a minimum of 40 words per minute without errors.
High school graduate or GED required. Associates Degree preferred.
A minimum of five years of progressively responsible administrative secretary experience, preferably in the public sector.
Licenses and Certifications
Notary Public Certification
City Secretary Certification by the Texas Municipal Clerks Certification Program (within fours years of employment)
Ability to read, analyze, and interpret reports and documents.
Ability to respond effectively both orally and in writing to inquiries or complaints.
Ability to effectively articulate information to management.
Ability to use independent judgment in achieving assigned objectives.
Ability to take shorthand, either electronically or handwritten.
Ability to use basic mathematics.
Ability to define problems, collect data, establish facts, and draw valid conclusions.
Must be able to travel overnight for up to three days at a time.
Must be able to sit for an extended time period.
Must be able to work nights and evenings on average 4 times per month.


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Elkton - Local Information, Resources & Photos
Elkton - Searchable Map, Aerial Photos & Driving Directions
Alternate Unofficial Names: Elk Town, Elktown, Head of Elk, Hollingsworth, Sahakitko.
Elkton is an incorporated place (Class Code P1) located in Cecil County at latitude 39.6068 and longitude -75.8333. (Elkton Panoramio Photos). The elevation is 26 feet. Elkton appears on the Elkton U.S. Geological Survey Map. Cecil County is in the Eastern time zone (GMT -5). Observes DST? Yes. Current Time. | Elkton, MD ZIP Code Maps | Elkton local area photos
Photos of the Elkton Local Area
Elkton had a population of 14,746; a land area of 8.35 sq. miles; a water area of 0.26 sq. miles; and a population density of 1,765.57 people per sq. mile according to the US Census Bureaue estimate of July 1, 2009. Latest Census Estimates for all incorporated places in Maryland.
Cecil County: Cities & Towns | ZIP Codes | Schools | Features (airports, churches, hospitals, etc.)
Elkton Local Resources
Elkton Arts & Culture
Elkton Community Organizations
Elkton Data & Demographics
Elkton Entertainment - Movies
Elkton Environment & Science
Elkton Government
Elkton Health & Medical
Elkton Newcomer Information
Elkton Newspapers, Radio & TV
Elkton and Greater Maryland Parks & Recreation
Elkton Pets & Hobbies
Elkton Schools & Education
Elkton Social Services
Elkton Travel & Tourism


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Questions many people will have about creating a service catalog include "what should I include in my service catalog, what should it look like and where do I start?" These questions often delay, or even derail, the adoption of a service catalog within an organization.
To help customers overcome these worries and to ensure rapid deployment, assyst is delivered with a fully formed service catalog hierarchy structure and a comprehensive set of service and service offering templates. These allow customers to use all aspects of the assyst service catalog functionality out-of-the-box.
The diagram below shows the Axios structure for the hierarchy of standard IT services, which is supplied with each service catalog implementation.
These can be used as delivered, or tailored to suit each organization's individual needs. This provides a time-saving starting point to help organizations get quickly up and running with their service catalog.
Each service then has a supporting structure of offerings (or other services). The services are also linked to the relevant Configuration Items (CIs) in the CMDB.
Organizations define and structure their services, usually as part of an initial workshop, which always provokes discussion and debate around how to best group and order these. There is no absolute way to do this and the Axios model has been based on our experience and discussion with key practitioners.
Next: Services and Offerings


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The Grinch came early this year for an eastern North Carolina team trying to help others.
In October, The Ring City Rollergirls Derby team decided to host and invitational tournament to roll out their Thanksgiving food drive. The goal was to collect as many non-perishable food items and donate them to Mary's Kitchen in Kinston right before Thanksgiving. However, last week the team noticed their box full of donations, had been taken.
"We saw the box was completely empty of food and had actually been turned into a trash can. We even had some bandaids and some bottled water in there, and they had emptied out the band-aids and drank all the water and then thrown everything back into the box. It was completely empty," said team member Sara Castellano.
Castellano says the team does not know who might have taken the donations.
Castellano says originally the team was angry and discouraged; but like all good teams they pulled together.
"There are always going to be people that do things that we can't really explain and don't really understand, but we have the ability to turn it into a positive that will help even more people," said Castellano.
The Ring City Rollergirls are now reaching out to the public anyway they can to try and collect even more food donations.
To find out how and where you can give a food donation click here.
For more information on donating to Mary's Kitchen or to volunteer click here.
1430 East Victory DriveSavannah, GA 31404
Telephone: 912.651.0300
Fax: 912.651.0320
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


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All new, regular staff employees of the university will begin work on the 1st and 3rd Mondays of each month (or as adjusted by the Office of Human Resources). The schedule of hire dates for 2014 are:
January 7 May 5 September 1
January 21 May 20 September 15
February 3 June 2 October 6
February 17 June 16 October 20
March 5 July 7 November 3
March 20 July 21 November 17
April 7 August 4 December 1
April 21 August 18 December 15
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*NOTE: New employees have 30 days from the first day of employment to enroll in the medical and disability insurance plans.Therefore it is imperative that all new employees attend New Employee Orientation to obtain important and time sensitive information.
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A rejuvenated Jelena Dokic has been rewarded for her good recent form with a wildcard to next month's Brisbane International.
Dokic, 25, won the Australian Open wildcard playoff last weekend after playing six matches in seven days at Melbourne Park.
The former world No.4 joins fellow Australians Samantha Stosur and Jarmila Gojdosova in the women's field for the Brisbane tournament starting on January 4.
Dokic is currently ranked No.178 in the world after spending most of 2008 regaining form and fitness on the second tier circuit, winning three titles.
"Dokic showed she still has what it takes last week at the Australian Open playoff," Brisbane International tournament director Steve Ayles said on Tuesday.
"She is hitting the ball crisply and is regaining form and will be a real contender at the Brisbane International."


text:
Molly Stevens:
A new way to grow bone
What does it take to regrow bone in mass quantities? Typical bone regeneration — wherein bone is taken from a patient's hip and grafted onto damaged bone elsewhere in the body — is limited and can cause great pain just a few years after operation. In an informative talk, Molly Stevens introduces a new stem cell application that harnesses bone's innate ability to regenerate and produces vast quantities of bone tissue painlessly.
pin This talk was presented at an official TED conference, and was featured by our editors on the home page.
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Mark Bittman's Easy Pad Thai
Recipe Reviews
We're suckers for pad thai and can slurp down a plate of these tangy-sweet noodles faster than you can squeeze a lime wedge. We'd love to master making this dish at home (thus ensuring a steady supply). If anyone can break down restaurant-quality pad thai into something a home cook can duplicate, it's Mark Bittman.
With its emphasis on fresh flavors and its quick stir-fry method of cooking, pad thai has all the key qualities of a quick, weeknight meal. Mark Bittman's recipe is no exception. The prep work is minimal and all the vegetable ingredients get quickly sautéed until they're just cooked through. The sauce is briefly simmered in a separate pot and then tossed together with the veggies and the noodles. Dinner is ready in 30 minutes, tops.
We were very happy to see tamarind paste in the sauce ingredients. Many home recipes leave this out, but it's really key to the balance of sour, sweet, and savory flavors in the dish. It's also much easier to find these days than it used to be.
Unfortunately, though, we felt like the tamarind got a little lost. Even when we were whisking the sauce together, we worried it was a little heavy on the fish sauce and honey - at least for our taste. This was true in the final dish dish as well. There was a lot of savory and sweet, but not so much balance of tangy-sour.
The final dish was also fairly wet. We probably should have let the vegetables cook for longer before adding the noodles and the sauce, but we got impatient. The cabbage lets off a lot of liquid, and it's important to let that cook away. By the way, four cups of cabbage seems like a lot, but it cooks down a lot and ended up feeling like the right amount in the end.
Another thing we always forget when making pad thai is to be careful of over-cooking the noodles. Rice noodles are usually soaked in hot water until they're limp, drained, and tossed into the stir-fry at the end. The problem is that if you let them sit in the water too long, they break apart and get mushy when you try to toss them with the other ingredients. Letting them soak until they're barely al dente is the way to go.
We don't quite have our ultimate homemade pad thai yet, but this recipe has potential. Next time, we'll adjust the proportion of sauce ingredients and see if we can get close to our ideal.
Do you ever make pad thai at home? What's your method?
• Get the Recipe: Pad Thai from Mark Bittman
Related: Technique: How to Use Tamarind Pulp
(Images: Emma Christensen)
23 Comments
Looks like a great recipe - and I am always a fan of anything Bittman. I love that he uses tamarind as well, but sheepishly admit that I do not.
I like my pad thai really garliky and with at least three eggs. My go to sauce is a riff off of the Rebar Cookbook one, with molasses (or palm sugar), fish sauce, soy and ..... a little ketchup. Yup.
I will pick up some tamarind today though, for my ketchup shame is great.
This is the recipe I've settled on, culled from a bunch of different sites and attempts. I like my pad Thai to be both light on sauce and on the more savory/sour side than sweet, so make of that what you will and adjust the sauce accordingly.
Rice noodles
Peanut oil
1/2 package firm tofu, chopped
1/3 large onion, chopped
2 cloves garlic (pressed or finely chopped)
bunch of scallions, chopped
2 eggs, beaten lightly
bean sprouts
chicken/whatever else you want (we cooked chicken separately and added at the end.)
6 tbs tamarind juice (if you don't have the juice, you can dilute pulp in boiling water for about 20m and then strain it)
4 tbs fish sauce
2 tbs rice vinegar
1 tbs brown sugar (more if you like it sweeter--most recipes call for more sugar than this. Just taste the sauce to see.)
NOTE: The proportions are easy (3-2-1) so you can add more sauce if you like it saucier.
1. Completely submerge half a package of rice noodles in a bowl of warm water while you're doing the rest of this stuff.
2. Heat about 1 tbsp of the peanut oil in a wok or other large pan until shimmering. Add the tofu; cook until it starts to turn golden. Add the onions, cook until softened, about 6-7 minutes.
3. While the onions are cooking, mix together the sauce in a separate bowl and whisk together.
4. Add the garlic and scallions to the wok; stir for about a minute until fragrant. Make some space in the center of the wok/pan and pour in the eggs and scramble. Once they're almost done but still a little wet, stir them into the rest of the mixture.
5. Drain the noodles; add them and the sauce to the mixture and toss repeatedly until the toppings are tangled in the noodles and the noodles are cooked through. Add bean sprouts and other toppings if you want. Serve with a slice of lime and crushed peanuts.
I am always a fan of Mark Bittman, but we tried this recipe last fall, and have since referred to it as the "Pad Thai Disaster of 2009." It was awful. I still shudder at the memory. I love Pad Thai, and Mr. Bittman, but this recipe did not work for us at all. Hopefully we'll find a good one at some point.
How fitting that I am just back from the Asian market with a re-up on Tamarind paste, fish sauce and palm sugar!
The one and only Pad Thai recipe you'll ever need is from Chez Pim http://chezpim.typepad.com/blogs/2007/01/pad_thai_for_be.html
I love me some Bitty, but honey and cabbage in pad thai? Um, no. Pim's "recipe"--more like a formula, really--is all you need to know.
As she will tell you, you need to adjust the proportions of fish sauce, tamarind and sugar to taste.
Ditto what splatgirl said. The Pim recipe/formula is can't lose perfect.
Has anyone seen the Good Eats episode of pad thai? I know it's AB's thing to be precise and very detailed, but if I recall correctly his instructions involved engineering a giant wok/grill thing in your backyard and setting a stopwatch. I love Mark Bittman for his "it can't really be that hard" approach to everything.
We use this recipe with a fair amount of success: http://www.thaitable.com/Thai/recipes/Pad_Thai.htm
We like it saucy, so I make more sauce then it calls for. Sadly I have not been able to find tamarind so we have tried various substitutions. Yum!
love Pad Thai! And yes, fish sauce and tamarind are absolutely required IMO, otherwise it's not really Pad Thai.
Pad Thai is a top ten favorite at our house. Sadly, Mr. Bittman's pad thai recipe was our very first encounter with him. I'd read him in the NY Times for ages, but made this as a first go. We now call him Mr. Bitchman due to our disappointment.
Is there anything you can use besides fish sauce?
I love most of Mark Bittman's recipes as well but I tried this Pad Thai recipe last week and it was just plain awful (the one that recently appeared in the NYTimes is slightly different - I haven't tried it yet). As other readers have commented, the Chez Pim recipe - for me - is still the best one out there.
I use a modified Cooks Illustrated recipe for my Pad Thai, but the most important thing I've learned is not to be afraid of adding new/different veggies to it. In fact, I've substituted half of the noodles with summer squashes (yellow/zukes) "noodles" with a julienning peeler with really great results! (it's a wee bit soggier, but very, very YUM and the soggy can be cut down if you remember to make your squash noodles ahead of time and let them air dry a bit)
In the past I've tried making the sauce from scratch, but always hit a stumbling block when I got to the tamarind paste or juice. It's easy enough to find in the Asian grocery stores, but I could never find a version that wasn't loaded with high fructose corn syrup. In comparison, almost any can or jar of pre-made sauce has natural ingredients (go figure).
CST--besides the umami note of the fish sauce, the main flavor element it is trying to achieve is salt (sweet/sour/salty is the elemental basis of PadThai). I would urge you to at least TRY the fish sauce if you can--it doesn't actually impart a fishy flavor, just yum. If you can't abide that, maybe use just salt or soy sauce as an alternative.
Engineer girl---we can't be talking about the same ingredient then. Every brand of tamarind paste/concentrate I've ever purchased is JUST tamarind and water. It's usually packaged in a plastic tub or jar, but unless you are at an Asian market that carries Thai ingredients, you may strike out. You can also buy the dry pods, remove the husks and soak the seeds to get just pulp, or purchase a pre-husked seed/pulp product in a blister package. It sounds like you are talking about a condiment kind of thing that's tamarind flavored rather than the plain ingredient.
its much much better to make your own tamarind sauce with tamarind flesh, boil it, and then strain it through a mesh.
we use only the tamarind, tomato paste, sugar to make the basic sauce and then add fish sauce during the cooking process at my parents restaurant.
and for the rice noodles, always make sure to soak in cold water, never hot or even warm!
I know it's not authentic, but I always sub soy sauce for the fish sauce. Unless there's another vegetarian substitute?
elise890 - ditto on the thai table recipe, and would definitely recommend the site in general. the eggplant and the catfish fry here are my favorites; http://www.thaitable.com/Thai/recipes/.
Another voice here for Pim's recipe. This post inspired me to give it a try tonight (it's been ages since I've made pad Thai!), and aside from the sauce being hands-down the best pad Thai sauce I've ever made, the cooking method is spot on.
I made this Pad Thai tonight, and it was an unmitigated disaster. It was astoundingly awful, and it's not me - I've made GREAT Pad Thai from other recipes! I'll think twice before trying "easy" Mark Bittman recipes again.
splatgirl: I guess that's my problem-- the Asian groceries around here are mostly Korean, not Thai, so I've never seen fresh tamarind paste. The stuff I've been able to find is either in jars or cans.
I've used this recipe quite a few times and have found that the type of tamarind paste you use can really change how it turns out. Some seem to be a lot tangier than others. Add the sauce slowly - there is usually more than enough and it ends up soggy if you use it all. Also, I double the noodles, otherwise its a bit heavy on the cabbage and sauce.


text: Last week #TheRoadshow continued its trek across America and our bus was snapped in several selfies! Our bus started the week off in the Windy City at Loyola University, Chicago State University and Wheaton Warrenville South High School. Then, Tuesday through Friday, our team of experts ventured to Iowa and set up shop at the University of Iowa,(…)


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Commercialization and the Balance of Women's Dual Roles in Non-Income-Pooling West African Households
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- Smith, Lisa C. & Haddad, Lawrence James, 2000. "Explaining child malnutrition in developing countries: a cross-country analysis," Research reports 111, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
- Smith, Lisa C. & Chavas, Jean-Paul, 1999. "Supply response of West African agricultural households," FCND discussion papers 69, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
- World Bank, 2007. "Malnutrition in Sri Lanka : Scale, Scope, Causes, and Potential Response," World Bank Other Operational Studies 7656, The World Bank.
- Smith, Lisa C. & Haddad, Lawrence James, 1999. "Explaining child malnutrition in developing countries," FCND discussion papers 60, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
- Takane, Tsutomu, 2000. "Incentives Embedded in Institutions: The Case of Share Contracts in Ghanaian Cocoa Production," The Developing Economies, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO), vol. 38(3), pages 374-397, September.
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San Antonio, TX (SportsNetwork.com) - The San Antonio Spurs waived forward Corey Maggette, center Marcus Cousin and guard Myck Kabongo on Tuesday.
Maggette appeared in two preseason games, averaging 6.5 points, 3.5 rebounds and 2.0 assists in 24.0 minutes.
In 14 NBA seasons, Maggette has career averages of 17.4 points and 5.1 rebounds per game. The 13th overall pick in the 1999 draft, he has played for Orlando, the Clippers, Golden State, Milwaukee, Charlotte and Detroit.
Cousin appeared in two preseason games, averaging 1.5 points and 2.0 rebounds in 8.5 minutes of action.
Kabongo saw action in one preseason game finishing with six points in five minutes at Denver on Oct. 14.
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