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Institutional Requirements for Effective Imposition of Fines
AbstractA long theoretical literature in economics addresses the heavy reliance of the U.S. criminal justice system on very expensive forms of punishment – prison – when cheaper alternatives – such as fines and other sanctions – are available. This paper analyzes the role of fines as a criminal sanction within the existing institutional structure of criminal justice agencies, modeling heterogeneity in how people respond to various sanctions and threat of sanctions. From research on the application of fines in the U.S., we conclude that fines are economical only in relation to other forms of punishment; for many crimes fines will work well for the majority of offenders but fail miserably for a significant minority; that fines present a number of very significant administrative challenges; and that the political economy of fine imposition and collection is complex. Despite these facts, and with the caveats that jurisdictions vary tremendously and that there are large gaps in our knowledge about them, we build a model showing that it is possible to expand the use of fines as a criminal sanction if institutional structures are developed with these concerns in mind.
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Bibliographic InfoPaper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 16476.
Date of creation: Oct 2010
Date of revision:
Publication status: published as Institutional Requirements for Effective Imposition of Fines , Anne Morrison Piehl, Geoffrey Williams. in Controlling Crime: Strategies and Tradeoffs , Cook, Ludwig, and McCrary. 2011
Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:16476
Note: LE
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Other versions of this item:
- Anne Morrison Piehl & Geoffrey Williams, 2010. "Institutional Requirements for Effective Imposition of Fines," NBER Chapters, in: Controlling Crime: Strategies and Tradeoffs, pages 95-121 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- K14 - Law and Economics - - Basic Areas of Law - - - Criminal Law
- K42 - Law and Economics - - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior - - - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
ReferencesReferences listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- John H. Tyler & Jeffrey R. Kling, 2006.
"Prison-Based Education and Re-Entry into the Mainstream Labor Market,"
NBER Working Papers
12114, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- John H. Tyler & Jeffrey R. Kling, 2004. "Prison-Based Education And Re-Entry Into The Mainstream Labor Market," Working Papers 2004-10, Brown University, Department of Economics.
- Garoupa, Nuno, 2001.
"Optimal magnitude and probability of fines,"
European Economic Review, Elsevier,
Elsevier, vol. 45(9), pages 1765-1771, October.
- Nuno Garoupa, 2000. "Optimal magnitude and probability of fines," Economics Working Papers 454, Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
- Piehl, Anne Morrison, 2002. "From Cell to Street: A Plan to Supervise Inmates after Release," Working Paper Series, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government rwp02-005, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
- Garoupa, Nuno, 1997. " The Theory of Optimal Law Enforcement," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(3), pages 267-95, September.
CitationsCitations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
Cited by:
- Friehe, Tim & Tabbach, Avraham, 2013. "Preventive enforcement," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 1-12.
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Books & Beyond
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Event Name: Books & Beyond
Event Date: 4/18/2014
Event Description:
Time: 3:30Ages: K5-Grade 5Description: This program features books, stories, and related activities for elementary-age children. Each program lasts approximately 45 minutes. Registration is requested. Please call 785-3050 for more information.
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text:
A Tale of two hitters
As he stood before the throng of reporters and flashing cameras, Andre Dawson said something yesterday that I'd never known about him. He spoke of his mother, who died in 2006.
From the article: She would have been 71, but she died in May 2006.
"I just wanted to thank her," Dawson said Thursday. "I went to her grave site. I prayed and thanked her for the job she did as a mother, father and big sister to me. She probably was my best friend."
Dawson was born in 1954 to Mattie Brown, then a single, 16-year-old girl who, along with his grandmother, went on to raise him into the person he is today. Probably no baseball fan truly knows the player he's cheering (or booing), and I certainly wasn't aware of that part of the Hawk's story. But what I do know about him is this: he was a cherished man in Chicago, a consummate professional admired by his teammates and worshiped by his fans. It seems then that, like Dawson, we owe Mattie Brown a debt of gratitude.
Contrast that with Milton Bradley, who shares more than a few incidental similarities with Dawson. According to Alan Schwartz of ESPN, Bradley was born in 1978 to Charlina Rector, who by then was already a single mother of four. Bradley's father Milton Sr. -- whose name he passed onto his son while Rector was still unconscious from having given birth -- was a cocaine addict who'd left Rector several months previous. Bradley's mother raised and tried to protect him from the world and from his abusive father, and like Dawson the circumstances of his birth directed him to become the person he is today. Perhaps at home, away from the scrutinizing baseball fans who have heckled him, Bradley is a good husband and father -- i.e. everything his father wasn't -- but on the field he is an antagonistic, confrontational player despised by the fans and ambivalent to his teammates.
Dawson's grandmother -- who died before he reached the majors -- convinced him to go to university. Bradley went into the draft straight from high school. Both men were selected by the same team -- the Expos picked Dawson in the 11th round of the 1975 draft, Bradley was chosen in the 2nd round of the 1996 draft. Dawson kept his nose down and excelled with a focus "that was never seen for somebody (his) age," (hence his nickname, "The Hawk"), Bradley grew to mistrust authority figures and was suspended multiple times for antics like poking umpires and spitting on them.
By the time Dawson was 22 years old, he was playing in Montreal full-time. He won the Rookie of the Year award in 1977, for having slugged 19 homeruns and batted .282 while stealing 21 bases. Bradley struggled in his early years in Montreal, resulting in his first of many trades. He was sent to the Indians at 23, and he didn't really start to light it up until 2003 when he batted .321 in 101 games played.
Eventually, the Hawk wore himself down in Montreal. He spent a decade in the French-Canadian city, destroying his knees on the hard artificial turf even as he collected 6 Gold Gloves, 3 All Star appearances, and 2 runner-up MVP finishes. Then, at the age of 32, in order to preserve his career, Dawson landed in Chicago for a pittance - a 1-year contract for $500,000.
Bradley, meanwhile, suffered a variety of leg injuries as well, although he more wore out his welcome than wore himself down. After 2 full seasons in Cleveland -- which including incidents in which he was scolded by Cleveland manager Charlie Manuel for a lack of professionalism -- he finally exhausted the Indians' patience in the Spring Training of 2004 and was dealt to Los Angeles.
He played there for two turbulent seasons -- which included even more tantrums and suspensions -- before being dealt to the Athletics. Then Oakland designated him for assignment on July 21st, 2007, and the Padres picked him up. With the Padres, Bradley provided a brief jolt to the San Diego offense before blowing out an ACL in the final week of the season while being restrained from confronting an umpire. He then signed a one-year-deal with the Texas Rangers, where he reportedly informed the team late in the 2008 season that he'd be sitting out games so as to not risk injury and deflate his chances of receiving an impressive contract offer that winter. Then, at the age of 31, Bradley landed in Chicago for an exorbitant sum of money -- $30 million for 3 years.
Dawson's time in Chicago was nothing short of glorious. In his first year with the Cubs, the Hawk won the MVP award for a last place team while slugging 49 homeruns and driving in 137 RBI -- all for $500,000, a sum that would have insulted most stars. He did it on two bad knees -- for which he'd have more than 20 operations on over the span of his life -- and without complaint. As a result, the fans loved him. They bowed to him in the outfield, chanting "Awesome Dawson" whenever he made an outstanding offensive or defensive play. They wore his jersey. They worshiped him.
At his Hall of Fame press conference, Dawson said this about Cub fans, and in light of recent seasons and recent accusations by various acquisitions, one can't help but wonder if his comments were directed at some people:
"I'll tell you, going to Wrigley Field, playing in the Friendly Confines amongst the Cubs fans, that was amazing in itself.
"That really rejuvenated my career, I think, and put me at a point in time where I was unsure about myself in the game, and how much longer I was going to stay in the game. The way the Cubs fan embraced me that first year pretty much propelled me on to win the National League MVP award and I owe that organization a lot for believing in me.
"They didn't really meet the demands initially, but I just felt that since I played in a media center, I played somewhere where the fans really took a hold and adored me, and made me really want to go out and want to be, not a crowd-pleaser, but to not embarrass them and just give it what they expect day-in and day-out."
Bradley's time in Chicago was nothing more than tumultuous. He started out slowly and was booed for his effort -- or lack thereof. In the first year of his contract (in which he'd signed with the expectation of delivering a run-producing bat in the middle of the order) Bradley batted .257 and hit 12 homeruns while driving in 40. He described his experience with Cub fans as this:
"It's just not a positive environment. I need a stable, healthy, enjoyable environment. There's too many people everywhere in your face with a microphone asking the same questions repeatedly. Everyone is just bashing you. You go out there and play harder than anybody on the field and never get credit for it. It's just negativity. ... And you understand why they haven't won in 100 years here, because it's negative. It's what it is."
It turns out, according to Bradley, that Cub fans are not welcoming. They are not the loving group of fans that cheered for Andre Dawson two decades earlier. They are instead racist:
"I'm talking about hatred, period. I'm talking about when I go to eat at a restaurant, I have to listen to the waiters bad-mouthing me at another table, sitting in a restaurant, that's what I'm talking about -- everything."
As a result of a season of confrontations, harsh words, and disrespectful actions, Bradley was suspended on September 20th by Jim Hendry and dealt to the Mariners in the off-season. He wasn't even able to last a single year with the Cubs.
It's doubtful that they've ever met, but I wonder what Andre Dawson and Milton Bradley would make of each other if they did. Would Bradley see in Dawson a sell-out, a man who submerged his well-justified rage in order to get along with people who couldn't possibly understand the past which drives him? Would Dawson see in Bradley a lost cause, a talented athlete who was never able to overcome his greater demons despite the support of a loving wife and the love of a doting mother?
Whatever would happen, Cub fans have now experienced polar opposites. We've had the talented hitting right fielder who played hurt and was a consummate professional, and we've seen the talented hitting right fielder who lived his life hurt and was consumed by his anger. If possible, Bradley may have served in at least one positive role -- he's helped us remember and appreciate Dawson even more.
Mattie Brown has been dead for more than three years. She never had the chance to see her son honored by the Hall of Fame, but she surely knew it was coming. She raised her son right. Charlina Rector probably did everything in her power to raise her son right, too. Rather than condemning Rector for failing, let's instead praise Brown for succeeding. It's never easy to be a single parent, whether you are 16 when your child is born as Brown was, or already a mother of four as Rector was. For the unlikely success that he's had over the span of his life and baseball career, we should appreciate Dawson even more. He was clearly deserving of our adoration, whether he was trying to be a crowd-pleaser or not.
nothing further to add
other than great article man, I really enjoyed it.
Thanks for the props.
Thanks for the props.
Awesome Kurt!
I am now bowing to you Kurt... GREAT article. This is what separates the Goat Riders from most other blogs... Insightful writing with obscure angles. I just wish I had written it.
Very nice piece, bro. Bravo.
I don't usually bother logging in and posting comments, but this article is worth it.
Excellent work.
As someone who missed the Dawson era (born '85), I definitely have a lot more admiration and respect for the Hawk now.
Dawson was/is class
A perfect example of a man with talent using his drive/work ethic to reach his full potential.
That 500K he signed for with the Cubs was actually a "blank cheque deal" in the summer of 1986 when the owners colluded to drive salaries down. He told the Cubs management to make him any offer and he would sign it.
Great article!
Thanks, and welcome to the
Thanks, and welcome to the site.
It's interesting to read Dallas Green's reflections on the Dawson contract. Even to this day he seems to deny that collusion had anything to do with it, whereas by now it's pretty clear that Dawson had to essentially accept an insulting contract because of the greedy owners.
I believe the Hawk finally got his
it was either the first or the second big settlement between owners and the free agents of the "Class of 1987"
As you sometimes promote posts to the front page, this too should be promoted ...
Well, this one is on the
Well, this one is on the front page... beyond that I'm not sure how to promote it really, except that it was posted on Fark.com and brought in a ton of readers from there.
Not sure either
I dunno; just think it is worthy of wide readership. ESPN, MLB, the Trib, whatever. Good work.
Not to be a jerk
But I didn't like it.
Bradley is gone, let's get over it; and most importantly, let's not let the sour taste of his brief tenure creep into our remembrance of the sweet years that we were lucky enough to have Dawson play for the Cubs. The two don't belong in the same game, let alone the same sentence.
Thanks for the love to my hero though.
And yet they played the same
And yet they played the same position for the same team. One is obviously much, much more memorable than the other, and lucky us to have had the experiences of watching Dawson in the field. But to say that they shouldn't be compared to each other? No way. Andre Dawson is exactly the player you should compare Bradley to, because he's everything Bradley's, and he achieved everything Bradley couldn't while playing through things that Bradley can't even dream of.
Sure, Milton Bradley left a bad taste in your mouth. We all spat out the same bitter flavor. I hope that, before long, the only time we mention Bradley is to gloat, or to compare him to other epic busts like Todd Hundley. But Bradley's self-destruction, in the face of Dawson's final ascension, when both were the products of poverty-stricken single mothers, when both athletes were eventually drafted by the Expos and signed with the Cubs to play the same position while in their early 30's? That's just too good to not write about.


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Captain Christopher Phelan has been corresponding with the beautiful golden-haired Prudence Mercer while he was away fighting in the Crimean War. What he doesn't know, however, is that the woman who wrote to him is actually Prudence's best friend, Beatrix Hathaway.
Upon his return home to Hampshire, it becomes clear that Christopher's experiences in war have changed him.
Spend some more time with the Hathaways.
©2010 Lisa Kleypas (P)2010 Brilliance Audio, Inc.
I love all genres of books. However, when I listen to audio books as I clean, garden, drive they are better with a lot of heat!
""Loved it!""
This is a great conclusion to the "Hathaways" series. I wasn't sure if I would enjoy Beatrix's story, but I really did. The romance was genuine and sweet, and as always, I found myself laughing at the interactions of the Hathaways with each other. What a fun family! The narration was also excellent, Ms. Landor's narrations are always done very well. I highly recommend this book, along with the previous book in the series, "Married by Morning".
Reading Raven
"It's Beatrix's turn!"
The Hathaway family is an unconventional family for the time, 1850s England, filled with love and amusement toward and with each other. This book is the fifth/last in the family series, featuring the youngest sister Beatrix. Beatrix loves animals and rescuing animals, so she has added a menagerie of pets to the Ramsey House which ramble about in the story adding many laughs. Beatrix falls in love with Captain Phelan, through a deceptive correspondance while he is in the Crimean War. Great history on this war and the affects of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. LK writes dialogue between characters with much humor. She also makes the possessive love relationships endearing for all characters. Like all the Hathaways the love relationship is electric. Yet, it is more than a love story, Love in the Afternoon, also takes the reader inside the grief cycle, family dynamics, abandonment issues, and commitment. There are many bumps in the road you appreciate but everything gets stitched together nicely by the last chapter. It is a sweet and fun read. The narrator does a great job too!
avid reader
"Great Continuation!"
LK has done a great job with the Hathaway series, and this installment is no exception. I recommend you start at the beginning to get a firm grasp of the characters that make up the rest of the family. If you like historical romance with witty dialogue, this series will not disappoint!
"My favorite of the series!"
I absolutely loved this latest and last installment of the Hathaway series! So sorry it had to end but loved how it ended. I loved the dynamic between Christopher and Beatrix especially how their love grew over time. I know her focus is now on contemporary romances but I hope Ms. Kleypas will write more historical romance novels in the future! Unlike other authors she doesn't write heroes that are awful to their heroines by raping, etc...they have their discords but they are loving and passionate about their heroines...this is how true romance should be. Keep up the great work Ms. Kleypas!
I was so happy that Beatrix met someone who appreciated her for the way she is. Totally enjoyed this series and again sorry that it came to an end. Lisa Kleypas is great and with her books being narrated by Rosalyn Landor how can you lose.
"It's so hard to say goodbye to the Hatheways!"
I haven't read the print version of this book. I have a long commute, and get most of my "reading" done with the audio editions.
Beatrix - she is not perfect, although the relationship with the equally imperfect Christopher make them a perfect couple. The Hatheway series is populated with strong characters that Lisa Kleypas brings alive. Beatrix' story ends the series beautifully giving hope that there really is someone for everyone.
Her performance didn't detract from the story (as some of the readers do).
No - I wanted it to last as long as possible. I didn't want the series to end.
I am a big fan of Lisa Kleypas' historicals. Her contemporaries, not so much.
A mom, a wife, a friend, a happy ending addict, an audiobook junkie, a wine lover and geek wanna -be. I'm constantly looking to be blown awa
"Great Job!"
I wish the characters had more siblings for Lisa to write about. This was a great read. I have to commend her on her writing skills. I've listened to a lot of her books and she does not, and will not let you down.
"A perfect ending to the Hathaways"
I liked the entire series and couldn't wait to see what would happen to Prudence as I feel we grew up with her as the youngest and she was always up to mischeif with her zoo. I thought Christopher a little bit of a turd even know he suffered from PPD. The stories were all well written and I was glad that the same narrator carried us threw the series and that we learned a little of how all their lives were holding up in each novel. The sex was great and not overdone as in some novels - but certainly not prudish. You should start with the first Hathaway novel and then after reading those resume with the "wallflower" series (2 of which are not on audible yet (are you listening audible) we need to know what is happening in volumes 3 and 4 expeccially #3 since we know what is about to happen from the end of #2. These novels are also rather humorus and you will laugh at some of the circumstances they get into. The men are all novel and are Loving not overbearing but very protective over their women. The women are strong and have strong family ties and are entirely lovable. The plots are intriguing and fast-paced. You'll fall in love with them all and wish they were your family.
"Love Kleypas but this book is a B-"
Though I did not find letters written between Captain Christopher Phelan and Beatrix worthy of creating such a strong attachment, it is nice to read a story where the hero's feelings of love is based on merit and not looks. At least this is true for the captain. Beatrix's love seemed to be mostly based on looks and therefore shallow since all she had experienced with him was his rudeness and contempt throughout their entire acquaintance. I found this book an ok end to the Hathaway series.
"Love in the Afternoon"
This is a very romantic book. I like how the 2 main charaters bounce off one another and how Beatrix is strong for Christopher.. 10 out of 10
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Categories > Celebrities > My Chemical Romance > The Bandit that Stole His Heart
Work and A... First Date?1 Reviews
Evin is working, minding his own business, when he helps the most beautiful girl named Bandit. He decides to call her and ask her out. What will she say?
"See you later mom" I called to my mom, still sitting in the car. I walked in the malls front entrance and headed toward my place of employment, Orange Julius. I walked into the door marked "Employees Only" and stood behind the register, preparing for my shift.
The whole day had been relatively slow until now. There was a huge line and only two cashiers to work it. I saw from a distance a girl with her friends, twins and a shorter blonde girl. The girl took a few dollars from each of her friends and headed towards me. As she got closer, I noticed she had the prettiest eyes. They were hazel. Her eyes clashed with her hair, which was also beautiful. It was choppy layered, dyed a black that shined in the fluorescent mall lighting. She got in the back of the line. Soon enough she came face to face with me.
"How can I help you?" I said with a sigh, I was exhausted.
"Four medium Orange Juliuses please" she said with a cute little smile.
I punched in the order on the cash register. "16.74" I said, a little bit nicer this time. I thought she was cute, so I decided to flirt it up with her. "By the way I'm Evin. Evin Sadowsky." I said. I noted her outfit. A red and black plaid t-shirt with black skinny jeans. She seemed like my kind of girl. For the first time, I believed in love at first sight. I saw her across the room and knew I had to make her mine.
"Here you go" she said handing me 17. "I'm Bandit. Bandit Way. Keep the change." she said. I finally figured out where I had recognized her from. She went to school with me at Belleville High, she was a class below me. Way, I thought, where have I heard that last name before. And then it hit me. Her dad was the lead singer of My Chemical Romance, my favorite band.
I took out a piece of paper and hurriedly scrawled my cell phone number on it, folded it up and handed it to Bandit. "You should call me sometime." She sighed. I had know idea why, but she seemed to be pretty pissed off.
"Or you could call me" she said as she neatly wrote her number on a scrap of receipt. She grabbed her drinks and walked away. Oh I would definitely be calling her tonight.
I pulled out the slip of receipt and punched in Bandit's number.
"Hello?" she asked confused "Who is this?"
"Hey Bandit. It's Evin" I said
"Oh hey Evin. How are you?"
"I''m good. I was wondering if you want to go out somewhere Friday night?" I said. I was a bit nervous, I hope she couldn't tell.
"Sure. Where would we go? I've been wanting to go to that new glow-in-the-dark mini golf place. We could play, and get pizza afterwards" she said
"That sounds cool" I said. YES!, I thought to myself, I am so glad she said yes. "I'll pick you up."
"Cool. Do you know where I live?" She questioned. Crap. I didn't.
"I live on 236 E. Belleville Place" she said.
"236… E. Belleville… Place… got it! See you Friday at 6." I said. Oh crap. She lived in the rich neighborhood.But that would make sense, seeing she had famous parents.
"Bye Evin" She said then hung up. I put the phone back on the charger. Friday was going to be amazing


text:
Thriving on a diet of prehistoric discovery
April 21, 2014
Stanley is a geoscience professor and paleontologist at the University of Montana in Missoula. He learns and teaches prehistoric life. He is also the director of the school's Paleontology Center. Its fossil collection is mammoth. While modern Missoula is Stanley's home, ancient volcanic islands are his place. He knows coral reefs. The StarPhoenix.


text:
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Coot club (original 1934; edition 1969)
by Arthur Ransome (Author)
Work details
Coot Club by Arthur Ransome (1934)
Favorite Childhood Books (579)
Birds in Fiction (22)
Compact | Rate recommendations
No current Talk conversations about this book.
Excellent copy apart from some pencilling on map
This is the first of a subseries within the Swallows and Amazons series, involving similar boating adventures but in the Norfolk Broads instead of the northern lake where the first books are set.This and especially the second in this group, The Big Six (which was my favorite when young) involve a certain crime fiction element not in the earlier subseries.
Somehow, this one is less satisfying than the other books. Possibly because Dorothea is mostly the POV character, rather than Dick, and as usual she's so busy making up "exciting" stories that she's not really paying attention to what's actually happening. And the scenes that would be the most interesting - the D's learning to sail - are told rather than shown - external viewpoint. Tom's adventures are actually very strong, and real, though mostly unpleasant (or at least, the consequences would be unpleasant if they actually happened). The bit I like best is when Port and Starboard are chasing after the Teasel - going from the familiar to the barely familiar to the completely unfamiliar, chasing a will-o-the-wisp...and then the consequences of those postcards. Again, it would be interesting to see the whole thing from a grownup point of view (the Admiral barely counts, she's more casual than the children most of the time). And the final crisis, and the way the cloud that's hung over the whole story passes off is excellent. Heh, I bet the boat owners weren't any too happy with the Hullabaloos either, wrecking the Margoletta twice in a week. Good story, just not one of my favorites.
The first of the two Swallows and Amazons books set on the Norfolk Broads, linked to the other books in the series by Dick and Dorothea from Winter Holiday. It's a few months after their trip to the North Pole, and they are still smitten with the sailing bug. So naturally they are very pleased when an old friend of their mother invites them to stay with her on a yacht in Norfolk. Unfortunately, it looks as though the boat won't actually be going anywhere... Of course, they make friends with some local kids who are all keen sailors, and find themselves involved in a complicated scheme to protect one of them when he has to go underground to hide from a bunch of Hullabulloos.
Tom-Dudgeon-the-doctor's-son (there is always a bit of a Happy Families aspect to Ransome) is an interesting new character: a bit like Captain John in the boyish way he carries the heavy weight of responsibility around with him, but with intriguing extra elements of handyman and ecoterrorist thrown into the mixture. The twins Port and Starboard are fun, but maybe a bit too generic. You get the impression that Ransome must have built them up out of a brief glimpse of two little girls in a racing dinghy, filling in the details where needed with bits of generic Nancy-and-Peggyness. Something I hadn't noticed when I read these books before is the cunning way Ransome never commits himself to saying how old the children are. That way he allows readers of a wide range of ages to identify with the characters, and he also gives himself the maximum freedom to make them independent or vulnerable as required by the plot.
The three working-class lads who make up the crew of the Death And Glory seem to be a slightly too obvious concession to objections against the cosy middle-classness of the earlier books. They don't really emerge as individuals in this book, although of course they do have a much bigger role in The big six. The working-class adults who appear are portrayed affectionately and quite convincingly, but there is always a slightly patronising edge there. An elderly barge-skipper is shown to us as someone who should be respected for his experience and craft knowledge, but we're left in no doubt at all that he has to acknowledge the little daughters of a country solicitor as his social superiors. We're definitely still in 1930s England!
Unlike the Lake District books, where Ransome found it necessary to obfuscate the locations a little bit, these Norfolk books are very specific geographically. Thanks to the magic of the Internet, it's now easy to find old Popular Edition Ordnance maps from the 1940s where you can follow their entire journey, including all the old railway bridges that aren't there any more. Ransome's own sketch-maps are part of the fun of reading these books, of course, but it's nice to be able to relate them to a wider context, especially in places like Yarmouth, where so much has changed in the last fifty years.
I re-read Coot Club (and the Big Six) after seeing an episode of "Rivers" on TV and realising how I recognised the places from Arthur Ransome's descriptions and drawings. A perfect story, evoking what it is to develop a passion for sailing and the importance of looking after wild places.
References to this work on external resources.
Wikipedia in English
Amazon.com Product Description (ISBN 0879237872, Paperback)It all started with a coot's nest. Dorothy and Dick meet Tom Dodgeon, Port and Starboard, and three pirate salvagers all members of the Coot Club Bird Protection Society. When one of the coot's nests is disturbed by a shipful of Hullabaloos-rude holiday boaters - trouble begins. Frantic chases, calamitous boat collisions, and near drownings fill the pages of this exciting fifth addition to Ransome's classic children's series.
(retrieved from Amazon Mon, 30 Sep 2013 13:21:08 -0400)
Dorothy and Dick have an adventure in the English countryside, involving frantic chases, calamitous boat collisions, and the attempts of their friends to protect nesting birds from rude holiday boaters.
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You Make Me Laugh -- MMMMOOOOMMMMMMMMY
- Sunday, February 25, 2001
Recently on Music
Editors' Picks
Learning to Trust GodHave you ever been thrust into an unwelcome trial?
On CohabitationHow do we approach this increasing societal trend?
How to be 'Gently Curious'5 ways to create safe, gentle conversation with your spouse
Quiz: Your Bible-Times JobWhat would your profession have been in the days of the Bible?
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(video) Ancient Inuit Technology With A Modern Twist; Marjory Wildcraft Talks With Pat Farneman
Majory Wildcraft talks to Patrick Farneman about his unique skin-on kayaks and how they are made. Skin-on frame kayaks are a modern application of ancient Inuit technology. It's an affordable, lightweight, sturdy kayak that is a joy to behold and even more fun to paddle. Patrick Farneman has been building these kayaks for a long time now and even teaches a workshop course on building them. Check out Patrick's website at http://www.bridgestothepast.org/


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23545 Posts in 19310 Topics by 2888 members
General Questions
SilverStripe Forums » General Questions » CVS import - unknown number of columns
General questions about getting started with SilverStripe that don't fit in any of the categories above.
Moderators: martimiz, Sean, biapar, Willr, Ingo, swaiba, simon_w
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233 Posts
CVS import - unknown number of columns
17 May 2012 at 5:42pm
I have a situation where my client will be uploading CSV files.
The first column defines various 'questons', and the subsequent rows define different peoples answers.
There are about 100 rows (questions), and the number of columns (answers) keeps growing.
Instead of creating a database table with all the rows matching the CSV file, I was thinking of having a table with 'question, answer, name'
name is the name of the person - which is the first question.
name: jon , Stu , Bob
age: 31, 20, 56
nationality: uk, nz, usa
height: 5ft, 6ft,2ft
becomes a serious of rows
question: answer: name
age: 31, jon
nationality: uk, jon
height: 5ft, jon
age: 20, Stu
nationality: nz, Stu
height: 6ft, Stu
age: 56, Bob
nationality: usa, Bob
height: 2ft, Bob
I would easily be able to search through this, and if the client adds more questions (rows) to the CSV file they just get loaded in.
However, I'm not really sure where to start... Anyone have any ideas?
Forum Moderator
1796 Posts
Re: CVS import - unknown number of columns
17 May 2012 at 8:08pm
Look into extending "CsvBulkLoader". function processRecord this will allow you to read the csv and write to any number of dataobjects with any logic that you require
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Print Server / Network Cards
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With the Atlanta Braves leading 2-1 in the bottom of the 9th against the New York Mets, everything seemed to be in firm control for the NL East-leading ball club. After all, they had the best closer on the planet on the mound in Craig Kimbrel, and the Mets offense was flailing wildly amid the rain drops at Citi Field.
However, Kimbrel issued a hit-by-pitch to John Buck, uncorked a wild pitch, and walked Omar Quintanilla to give the Mets two base runners. Justin Turner strolled to the plate in a pinch-hitting role with men on 1st and 2nd, and smacked a line-drive toward the left-center field gap. Then, Gold Glove right fielder Jason Heyward (playing center field on Monday for the injured BJ Upton) took over:
The Mets were THIS close to a potential walk-off win – then @JasonHeyward did his thing: http://t.co/rnslh97f7u
— MLB (@MLB) July 23, 2013
Heyward's catch was incredible for many reasons, but chiefly among them was the situation. If he fails to secure the catch, the ball ends up in the gap, scoring both runs, and the Mets have a walk-off victory. In addition, the jump that Heyward got on the ball was reminiscent of former Brave (and potential future Hall-of-Famer) Andruw Jones, and was frankly, a thing of beauty. Throw in the driving rain storm and the fact that he was playing out of position, and you have one of the best catches in recent memory.
Sit back, watch, and enjoy.


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Growth holds up, but orders weaken
18 September 2014
- National conference to focus on 'Manufacturing a Renaissance'
- Redesign for energy recovery units
- Fitting addition to boost safety
- Flow meters: Hire fleet extended
- Screed fits the bill for food company
- Reuses heat from flue gas
- Turning food waste into nano-fibres
- White paper warns of the dangers of carbon residue
National conference to focus on 'Manufacturing a Renaissance'
15 September 2014
Leading politicians and senior industrialists will gather next February in the run up to the General Election for the flagship National Manufacturing Conference – 'Manufacturing a Renaissance' organised by EEF, the manufacturers' organisation and sponsored by Asset Finance Provider Lombard. [Read More]
Redesign for energy recovery units
18 September 2014
Atlas Copco has announced a complete re-design of the stand-alone, retrofit energy recovery units for its GA compressors. The new ER range now offers improved performance and a smaller footprint. [Read More]
Fitting addition to boost safety
12 September 2014
Flexicon has extended its range of hazardous area conduit systems with the launch of an Increased Safety EX e and Dust Ignition Proof EX t fitting for use with liquid tight conduits. [Read More]
Flow meters: Hire fleet extended
15 September 2014
Bell Flow Systems has extended its range of rental flow meters and instrumentation. The company says that where capital outlay for permanent flow meter installations is hard to justify, the cost of hire may be just a fraction of the purchase price. Hiring also allows a company to try before they buy and the hire cost of the flow meter can usually be credited against the purchase. [Read More]
Screed fits the bill for food company
12 September 2014
For a new production area at a food factory in Leeds, a hard-wearing and fast-applied flooring system was needed that would offer long term performance durability. Using its industry expertise and experience of challenging flooring projects across the globe, Sika delivered a solution using a high strength screed that can withstand constant traffic and heavy pallet loads. [Read More]
Reuses heat from flue gas
12 September 2014
Schwank has launched tetraSchwank, an energy saving system that combines heat recovery and condensing technology to capture and reuse heat from flue gas. [Read More]
Turning food waste into nano-fibres
05 September 2014
A partnership between motor manufacturer, maxon motor uk, and the University of Reading has developed an exciting green material from food waste. [Read More]
White paper warns of the dangers of carbon residue
05 September 2014
Fluid maintenance specialist Global Heat Transfer has released a white paper warning industry of the impact of carbon residue on plant system ageing and effectiveness. [Read More]
Hygienic Fittings, Valves, Hose & Fabrication
From single piece components to fully fabricated custom fabrications Dixon can offer you the right connection for your hygienic fabricated components. Dixon offers you in-house 3D design and engineering capabilities and BSI approved manufacturing facilities. Most fabricated items can ship within 24 hours. [Read More]
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Tennessee Events Calendar
473 Results
Narrow Results:
Things To Do:
Oct 10 - 11 Oktober Heritage Festival Hohenwald, TN Hohenwald/Lewis County Chamber of Commerce presents the annual Oktober Heritage Festival and 21st Annual Fall Classics Car and Truck Show to take place in the downtown Hohenwald, Tennessee, area October 10-11, 2014. learn more
Oct 10 - 11 RiverRocks 2014: Chattanooga Head Race Chattanooga, TN MAJOR EVENT; https://www.facebook.com/RiverRocksCHA learn more
Oct 10 - 12 RiverRocks 2014: Fly Free Fest Lafayette, TN "Carpe Diem" is much easier said than done. Come, join us in this adventure and set yourself free. learn more
Oct 10 Cereus Bright Knoxville, TN Cereus Bright finds its muse—and its name—from the Cereus flower: a white desert flower that blooms only at night. Just as this flower grows in the most desolate of settings, so does art draw its beauty from brokenness and heartache. In their lyrics and melodies, Cereus Bright aims to embrace life as both messy and beautiful. learn more
Oct 11 12th Annual Sierra Hull Bluegrass Festival Byrdstown, TN Annual Bluegrass Festival featuring local talent Sierra Hull, plus other great bluegrass talent. Food & Craft Vendors, parking lot pickers and more. Fun for the entire family. Bring your lawn chairs and plan a great day! 5K Run and Cruise-In as well to help raise money for worthy charitable organizations. learn more
Oct 11 Jimmy's Ride Lynchburg, TN Remembering our home town boy, Jimmy Bedford with a motorcycle ride/fund raiser for local Lynchburg organizations. learn more
Oct 11 21st Annual Fall Classics Car and Truck Show Hohenwald, TN Hohenwald/Lewis County Chamber of Commerce presents the 21st Annual Fall Classics Car and Truck Show which will take place on the courthouse lawn, 110 Park Ave. N., one block north of the downtown Hohenwald, Tennessee, area on October 11, 2014. learn more


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Gloria by Alice and the Pirates.
The Last Supper print skirt, Juliette et Justine
Alice and the Pirates's newest series: Galactic Journey to the Stars
Available in:
Lilac(Lavender x Ivory lace x Pink ribbon x Ivory chiffon flocky)
Raphael(Navy x Navy lace x Navy ribbon x Navy chiffon flocky)
Antique(Brown x Ivory lace x Brown ribbon x Ivory chiffon flocky
Noir(Black x Black lace x Black ribbon x Black chiffon flocky)
Parasols by Mary Magdalene
Because parasols are amazing.
Lol, my legs! I was with my friends and we got a bit too excited about taking photos…~
(Source: donutdisaster)
(Source: bouiwonderland)
I figured some people would like having these in a central spot.
Milky Planet
Chess Chocolate
Dream Sky
French Cafe
Happy Garden
Holy Night Story
Honey Cake
Jewelry Jelly
Marchen Ribbon
Merry Making Party
Powder Rose
Sugar Pansy
Sugary Carnival
Tiara Rose
Toy Fantasy
Triple Tart
Wonder Cookie
Wonder Story
Wrapping Ribbon
(Source: shadow-walk)
I love this print in red, but I just dont wear Lolita enough to keep buying pieces I can't wear casually


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What is the direct impact of the policy of Doctrine of Lapse?
Asked by jameel ahmed, 29 Aug '08 02:49 pm
Earn 10 points for answering
Answers (2)
A multiplicity of motives underlay the British penetration into India: commerce, security, and a purported moral uplift of the people. The "expansive force" of private and company trade eventually led to the conquest or annexation of territories in which spices, cotton, and opium were produced. British investors ventured into the unfamiliar interior landscape in search of opportunities that promised substantial profits. British economic penetration was aided by Indian collaborators, such as the bankers and merchants who controlled intricate credit networks. British rule in India would have been a frustrated or half-realized dream had not Indian counterparts provided connections between rural and urban centers. External threats, both real and imagined, such as the Napoleonic Wars (1796-1815) and Russian expansion toward Afghanistan (in the 1830s), as well as the desire for internal stability, led to the annexation of more territory in India. Political analysts in Britain wav ...moreAnswered by mohd yousuf, 29 Aug '08 03:17 pm
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The Sepoy Mutiny of 1857Answered by RAJAN MHAMAI, 29 Aug '08 03:02 pm
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Message by SG Anada Tiéga on the occasion of the International Day for Biological Diversity, 22 May 2011
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands joins in worldwide celebrations every 22 May of the International Day for Biological Diversity – fittingly, because the goals and values of our convention correspond well with those of the Convention on Biological Diversity and its many partners around the world, and the main focus of our work, the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources, is firmly fixed upon the importance of wetlands for the planet's biodiversity and human welfare.
This year's theme for the International Day for Biological Diversity is "Forest Biodiversity", in recognition of the United Nations International Year of Forests, established by the UN General Assembly to raise awareness about the sustainable management, conservation and sustainable development of all types of forests. For the Ramsar Convention, our World Wetlands Day theme on 2 February this year was "Wetlands and Forests", organized around the slogan "Forests for Water and Wetlands", similarly chosen to reinforce the message of the International Year of Forests.
Wetlands and forest biodiversity
The connections between forest biodiversity and many types of wetlands are many and increasingly recognized as vitally important. Swamp forests, for example, provide fish and many other aquatic foods, both animal and plant, consumed by humans the world over; they provide diverse habitats for an impressive range of animal and plant species, thus contributing significantly to global biodiversity; and importantly, they provide livelihoods for local communities. To name one: the 400,000-hectare Ramsar Site known as Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta in Colombia is the most important and largest mangrove area on the Caribbean coast of Colombia, vital for local fisheries and for biodiversity.
These Ramsar Sites (or "Wetlands of International Importance") form the most extensive global network of protected areas in the world, with more than 1,920 sites, covering an area of 188 million hectares, having been designated for the Ramsar List by the 160 Parties to the Convention. Of the nine criteria for identifying Wetlands of International Importance, eight of them are biodiversity-related, and a recent survey showed that about 43% of these Ramsar Sites are characterized by the presence of one or more types of forested wetland, more than 825 of them, covering more than 79 million hectares – they include mangrove, nipah, and tidal freshwater swamp forests, peatswamp forests, seasonally flooded forests and wooded swamps, among other wetland types.
Forested wetlands with robust and sustainable biodiversity values provide an enormous range of benefits to people as well as to the plant and animal life of the planet. In the terms of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment's findings on ecosystem services, we can look to wetland forests for such "provisioning services" as fresh water, fish, prawns, seaweed, fruit, grain, wild game, timber for fuel and building materials, and medicines. Among "regulating services" we find climate regulation, flood control, storm protection, water purification, and waste treatment; "cultural services" include beautiful places for recreation and education and, frequently, places of religious significance; "supporting services" include nutrient cycling, sediment retention, and provision of habitats.
Threats to the biodiversity of forested wetlands
The Ramsar Convention and its partners are acutely aware of the threats to our wetlands and their biodiversity, as well as of the loss and degradation still occurring at alarming rates in many countries when those threats have not been foreseen and resolved in time. A recent survey by Ramsar staff of the origins of such losses turned up a daunting list of sources of negative impacts, including habitat loss through wetlands claimed for agriculture and urban and industrial development; invasive species, both accidental and deliberate, disrupting the abundance and survival of native species; pollution through agricultural runoff, toxic industrial wastes flowing into waterways, and untreated human wastes, for example; siltation in coastal areas from the outflow from silt-laden rivers through agriculture, deforestation, etc.; overexploitation through unsustainable harvesting of fish, shellfish and prawns, seaweeds, wetland timber, and other products; excessive freshwater withdrawals, especially for irrigated agriculture; nutrient loading from nitrogen, phosphorous and other chemicals (mostly from agriculture but also from poorly treated domestic waste) and, of course, climate change, exacerbating all of these human impacts.
Looking to the future
The importance of forest biodiversity for all of us cannot be denied, the threats to forest biodiversity are many and pervasive, and the trends are still going in the wrong direction. But we are confident that the Ramsar Convention and its partners, the Convention on Biological Diversity and its many constituents, and the countless other organizations and individuals around the world who are committed to finding solutions can, by working together, reverse those trends and eventually leave future generations a world in which the biodiversity losses of forests, wetlands, and other habitats have been stabilized and will be genuinely sustainable.
Many of the tools we need are already well known: good management of protected areas, and more protected areas; increased awareness amongst the public and decision-makers of the values, even the monetary values, of ecosystem services; restoration of degraded natural areas and rehabilitation of their ecological character to the extent possible; greater public investment in sustainable resources and less reliance on destructive exploitation of limited natural resources to power development, and certainly the new ideas that are being developed and tested even now.
The Ramsar community joins with our colleagues of the CBD and people all over the world in marking the International Day for Biological Diversity by renewing our commitment to working together towards a sustainable future for those who come after us.


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Events at Loews Santa Monica Beach Hotel
Earth, Wind, & Fire at the Hollywood Bowl
The legendary group Earth, Wind & Fire has been the masters of funk, soul and R&B for over four decades. Their music has influenced popular culture for generations and has become the soundtrack for so many lives. In a triumphant return to the Bowl, they'l
Falstaff at the LA Opera
The comic misadventrues of Shakespeare's portly knight of windsor
Main Street Farmer's Market
Enjoy one of Santa Monica's farmers markets, widely considered to be among the best on the west coast and featuring field-fresh produce, hundreds of kinds of vegetables, brilliant cut flowers, breads, cheeses, delicious foods, live music and more.


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General Info
Hello mizz lady
So I"m pretty much a "nice guy". Laid back, chill, respectful, and I just enjoy a nice conversation, so hit me up!
I"m just here to watch videos, make a few, chat a little bit, you know, the normal stuff. Most of my videos will probably be solo, at least for a while.
Obviously I like to keep a bit of anonymity here, but I also always hope to see someone I know, or that someone that I know sees me. Maybe find someone that I already know that shares a bit of an exhibitionist side as I do. So hey, if you think you know me, give it a shot!!!
Turn Ons
Beautiful Women of all kinds. I love outdoor stuff, and squirting and super wet pussies is pretty hot. If you wanna know more message me!
Turn Offs
Dudes. No offense guys, I appreciate the comments and stuff, but if you message me or try and friend me, I probably won"t accept.
About my Partner
Looking for
Top Comments
All Comments
hey there! sooo lovely to see you -hope you were grabbing yourself while you were watching (:
Thank you for the friend request!
mmmmuah! (: ...thank you babe
nice to see you cherie -hope you will come to enjoy all my little treats (:
hey sexy -I see you've been busy -better not get caught (:
Impressive vids dude
great vibrator cumshot
haha ....I'll just grab my toolbox (:
thanks for the add!!!!!
i have more pics at www.envysplayroom.com
mmmm ...eat me! (:
hehe ...well your wicked comments do pretty much the same thing to me ;-)
why thank you sexy man ...I perversely think that is a good thing ;-*
mmm cher ...what a perfectly delicious thing to say ;-) hope you'll cruise by again
Live Chat:login to chat


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by James Slater - Fifteen years ago today in Atlantic City, New Jersey, a heavyweight fight took place that is probably nothing more than a footnote in boxing history now. Yet when Riddick "Big Daddy" Bowe, the former undisputed heavyweight king, met Buster Mathis Junior in his first fight back after losing the title, a quite bizarre fight was witnessed.
Bowe, who had lost for the first time in his pro career in his previous outing, when he'd come in overweight and was out-pointed by the man he took the world title from in Evander Holyfield, met the son of 1960s heavyweight contender Buster Mathis. What followed added to the growing perception that "Big Daddy" was a "cheap shot" master..
Three years and nine fights previously, Bowe had fought the 23-4 Elijah Tillery. At the end of the opening round, Tillery verbally taunted Bowe (quite within the rules) and Bowe repaid him for his insolence with a couple of after-the-bell punches. Then things got really crazy. Tillery took it upon himself to start kicking Bowe, whereupon the unbeaten contender laid into his adversary while he was stuck on the ropes - almost knocking him over the top strand. Bowe's manager, Rock Newman, then grabbed Tillery while Bowe continued to unload venomous shots. After the chaos was over with a DQ result was reached, with Bowe getting the win.
But should Bowe have been the one who was DQ'd? It was Riddick who threw the late punch that started the mayhem, after all.
In any case, Bowe's image, though far from severely damaged, took a blow. What happened in the Mathis fight, and then BEFORE his fight after that, against Larry Donald, made it clear to many fans that Bowe was a bully.
Out-boxed and struggling against the better than expected Mathis on August 13th, '94, Bowe, once again over his best fighting weight, was losing the early rounds. The former champ, at a slovenly 247-pounds, was also showing the grace and fluid movement of an elephant. Embarrassingly slow, his punches off target, and appearing quite easy to hit, Bowe was clearly not the same fighter who had handed Holyfield his first loss a couple of years before.
Frustrated no doubt by his lacklustre showing, Bowe spun things around in the 4th-round - illegally.
The 14-0 Buster was under some pressure in the 4th, and he opted to take a knee to clear his head. Upon doing so he was whacked by a thudding blow that was blatantly slung by Bowe. This time Riddick should definitely have been DQ'd, but he again escaped; getting let off the hook with a No-Contest verdict. But this time the fans were on his case big time.
Maybe this fight is a mere footnote in heavyweight history, but things could have been different had Bowe met the fate he should have done after clubbing a downed fighter - one who may well have regrouped and got back to his effective boxing had he not been fouled. In any case, Bowe never learnt his lesson, even after what was now his second piece of good luck.
Next up for him was a fight against the unbeaten Larry Donald, and this time Bowe couldn't even wait for the opening bell to take a cheap shot. Unhappy with some confident words Donald had for him at the pre-fight press conference, Bowe, seeing Donald had both hands behind his back, cracked him with a hard blow. Yet more chaos erupted courtesy of "Big Daddy!"
Once again, Bowe - who went on to out-point Donald in a dull ten-rounder - got off without any significant punishment.
After this, Bowe would go on to win the WBO heavyweight belt, win his rubber-match with Holyfield and earn millions more dollars. Still fighting today, Bowe achieved far more than Buster Mathis Junior did. However, on this day fifteen years ago, Mathis Jr should have been awarded a win over one of the best heavyweights of the 1990s. I wonder if Buster Jr thinks about what that would have meant for him today?
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This lunchtime fleet turns tuna salad into a treat that's sure to reel kids in.
Fill a veggie vessel (we used halves of a pickling cucumber, plum tomato, and yellow pepper) with tuna salad. Push one end of a carrot or celery-stick mast into the salad and set a triangle sail of pepper, lettuce, or cheese next to it. For the full effect, serve the lunch on a blue plate scattered with fish-shaped crackers.


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- greg dahlen
- Glendale, CA
- United States
Alumnus, academy of achievement
This conversation is closed.
If you were to give a TED talk what would it be about? What points would you make about your topic?
Interested to hear what matters to people.
Closing Statement from greg dahlen
Well, it wasn I saw that people have interesting ideas for TED talks. One wonders if everyone in the world has an interesting talk in them?
Showing single comment thread. View the full conversation.
Feb 28 2013: .Hi, Greg,
Very glad!
Please have a look at the 1st article, points 1-3, 14, at https://skydrive.live.com/?cid=D24D89AE8B1E2E0D&id=D24D89AE8B1E2E0D%21283&sc=documents.
Showing single comment thread. View the full conversation.


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Follow PCA&D
Message from the Gallery Director
Current Exhibit
Photos from Receptions
Upcoming Exhibits
By Tom Bejgrowicz, PCA&D faculty member and freelance designer. See Tom's complete blog.
"As part of our annual retreat, the Typography 1 students, [PCA&D faculty member] Maria Cummings-Miller and I traveled through Amish Country en route to Yorklyn, Delaware and the House Industries studio. This year, co-founder Rich Roat... Read the complete blog post.
PCA&D students gained real-world insights
into the world of typography design at
House Industries. Photo courtesy of Tom
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The PCA&D Blog features an inside look into the PCA&D lifestyle; musings about arts-related issues in Lancaster; PCA&D events; faculty, student and alumni activities on and off campus; and other topics that showcase PCA&D, central PA's only non-profit, professional art college, as "your place to prepare for a life in art and design."
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I brewed my first lager (a simple marzen) 8 days ago. I have read about the diacetyl rest and how to do it. My question is when do I need to start it? Right now I still have a very active fermentation with a nice krausen but I am nearing the point where I need to start the rest (at least according to the instructions; it suggest 7-10 days after brewing).
Do I need to wait for the krausen to fall, or do I need to start the rest soon? Thanks!
Ideally you would do the diacetyl rest when fermentation is about 75% complete (using hydrometer, compare OG to anticipated FG). I'm not that anal though and just give mine a flat 10 days fermenting (remember that lagers usually take much longer to ferment than ales). Then raise to room temp (66-72) for a few days for the diacetyl rest. Then I transfer to secondary and drop the temp 5 degrees per day until I'm at lagering temp... I leave it at lagering temp 35-42 days.
Thanks for the information! Just waiting for 10 days, or for fermentation to all but stop, was what I was thinking, but I did not want to ruin the beer. It is good to hear that I was on the right path.
When you raise the temperature do you do it all at once or gradually? Right now my fermenter temperature reads 52-53.
I just let it raise naturally. I just take it out of the fermentation chamber and set it in a room that is at 66-72. I don't worry about raising it gradually.
10 Days sounds like a fine rule of thumb if you aren't keen on taking a lot of samples.
Also, I'm no lager expert, but I believe that if you do a proper diacytl rest, then you don't necessarily need to do the "slow crash" (couple of degrees a day). You can just cold crash straight down to lagering temps. The slow crash was used to not shock the yeast because the beers were traditionally lagered for a while, then warmed up and krausened to remove diacytl. If you've done a proper d-rest at the end of primary, you have no more need for the yeast (assuming you are kegging) and can crash them down to 32F as quick as you like.
Caveat: that's some Internet learnin' I dun, I'm not an expert.
Kegged: Dunkelweizen
Primary: American Pale Ale
I just looked at mine(i have glass) to see when it was tapering (about a week)i then raised it to room temp about 68 for 2 days then racked and lagered 15 degrees lower than its ferm temp for 3 weeks,worked out good except i used the temp difference for priming which had me use less which was a mistake. Now i think i have undercarbed lagers, so just use your normal amount of priming sugar and dont pay attention to those temp differences on brewing calcs.Im going on week 3 of priming and going to wait one more to check on carbonation.I then may reopen and add priming sugar-theres no way im drinking a flat lager. I just hope opening them at that point warm wont cause them to gush,if they do ill just leave them i guess.Probably a few more weeks then just refrigerate them.
Actually after i wrote this i kwick chilled one of my lagers at about 3 weeks, i poured it into a SS lager glass with etching and it is carbed and a beautiful lager good head and foamy lacing clear crisp and super tatstey! sucess one of my best so far and my first lager,definatly may post the recipe. I guess i was wrong about the temp carbonation factor.Another impatient noob error on my first lager.
I guess i should know better than thinking how sweet a 1.01 lager was after a week or two of bottle conditioning, guess i was paranoid it wouldnt carb up with such a low priming rate.Time,and time again...
Thanks for all the info guys. I raised the temperature in my cooler to 70 for ~40 hours. Then I transfered to a secondary. It has been in the cooler, set at 40, for a week now. I plan on leaving in there for at least two more weeks before kegging.


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The Sept. 9 story Policyholders to face a tough choice points out how both the Citizens Insurance board and the governor have abandoned all Floridians.
Much has been written about Citizens' inability to function in a transparent manner. Now it will force many to go to companies that are unknown and untested to get their insurance. Sadly, the new companies can raise rates arbitrarily and without limits.
This article is a clear call to all Floridians to pick up a telephone, contact their legislative representative and simply say No! No to being treated without regard, no to being treated as if the state controls the residents and no to the conduct of the governor and this company's board.
Johnathan Rose, Miami Shores


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The Band Perry recently celebrated the one-year anniversary of the release of their sophomore album, Pioneer . While the latest single from that project, "Chainsaw," climbs the charts, the Perry siblings are starting to think about what they want to say on their upcoming third album.
Lead singer Kimberly Perry says, "We have begun, slowly but surely, and I can't even tell you what's in our heads yet, because we're still trying to get it all out on paper."
The Band Perry spent a lot of time writing and re-writing songs for Pioneer . This time around, they're taking a more intuitive approach to writing music.
"On the third album I can say it's all about feel," Kimberly explains. "'How does this feel? This feels good. This is gonna feel good live.' So it's already taken a life of its own and it has its own personality. We'll see what it becomes."
There's a chance The Band Perry could try out some of those new songs on the road. Go to TheBandPerry.com to see where they're playing next.
Copyright 2014 ABC News Radio


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University Forum Spring 2014
To meet someone (or something) without expecting or intending to is the essence of an encounter. Our ability to question, to absorb, to work through discomfort, to navigate difference—in short, to engage ourselves in the process of learning and becoming—comes about when we encounter surfaces other than our own. The purpose of this University Forum is to link together a series of events that uses this broad concept as an organizing tool. The subject matters through which we hope to provoke encounters include:
- The complexities of family histories in Northern New England;
- The misconceptions and myths that affect our perceptions of what it means to be Muslim in Maine;
- The culture, politics, and issues at stake within North Korea, and between the United States, as explored through food and conversation;
- Reflections around the nature of diversity through the prism of contemporary Acadian culture;
- Language politics in the United States;
- The post-colonial dilemma of who speaks for whom;
- The impact of cultural encounters in the distant, and not so distant, past and their resonances throughout space and time;
- Political-consciousness and outspoken commentary through sound, noise, and music in the Americas;
- An attempt to re-think ourselves by caravanning to the Maine/Canada border in order to return Paul Bunyan to his roots.
Events will be held throughout the spring semester and will include public programs, performances, workshops, and class visits/presentations. A detailed schedule, complete with biographies of guests/organizations and links to related resources can be found at:
Braving the Middle Ground: Stories of Pre-Revolutionary Northern New England |The stories we hear in our families tell us who we are, and how we should view the world. What tales shaped New England identities in the 17th and 18th centuries? In this performance, storyteller/historian Jo Radner juxtaposes Native American oral traditions and stories told by her own New England ancestors to reveal a complex colonial 'middle ground' in which English settlers and Native peoples saw one another as defenders and trespassers, pursuers and refugees, relatives and aliens, kind neighbors and ruthless destroyers. Tuesday, February 11, 7:30 pm, Emery Community Arts Center
Who Are You? Why Family Stories Matter: Workshop with Jo Radner | This workshop on storytelling and family traditions is designed to get students thinking (and telling stories) about the traditions that have importance in their families and to send them off to their families, eager to ask a few more questions. Wednesday, February 12, 11:45 am – 1:00 pm, North Dining Hall A and B
Meet a Muslim | One quarter of the world's population—roughly 1.7 billion people from all corners of the planet—confess to following the religion of Islam. Drawing upon his almost twenty years as a practitioner of Islam both in Ethiopia and Maine, UMF student, Yusuf Iman, will provide some perspective and competency by talking about images of Muslims in America, dispelling misconceptions and myths, reading scripture verses, and sharing his experience of growing up Muslim in Maine. Thursday, February 13, 7:30 pm, North Dining Hall A (Snow Day Cancellation: RESCHEDULED for Thursday, March 6, 7:30 pm, North Dining Hall A)
Food, Culture, and Politics of North Korea | Conflict Kitchen, a Pittsburgh-based restaurant that only serves cuisine from countries with which the United States is in conflict, will spend two days on the UMF campus, preparing and presenting a meal of North Korean food. The meal (advanced ticket purchase required; $20/person; partially subsidized for a select number of UMF students), will be augmented by a presentation/discussion (free and open to the public) that will seek to expand the engagement the public has with the culture, politics, and issues at stake within North Korea and between North Korea and the United States. Wednesday, February 26, Meal of North Korean food served from 6:00 – 7:00 pm, North Dining Hall B and C; public presentation in Emery Community Arts Center at 7:30 pm
The Borders of Identity: The Acadian Experience in the 21st Century | Renowned poet, essayist, and publisher Serge Patrice Thibodeau will offer an evening of reflection on the question of borders and territory in contemporary Acadian culture. The main event will be a bilingual reading involving UMF students, who will have translated several of his texts, followed by an open dialogue with a UMF faculty member (to be determined). The translated poems will include both published versions and texts that have been translated by UMF students. Thibodeau will also be available for class visits. Monday, March 3, 7:00 pm, Olsen Student Center, The Landing
Linked In, Left Out, Uplifted, Downloaded: Language in a Globalizing World Mary Louise Pratt (UMF Libra Scholar) will present a talk on language politics and multilingual poetics in the United States, focusing on some of the history of Spanish in this country that is not too well known. Monday, March 17, 7:30 pm, Olsen Student Center, The Landing
Playing with Language: Mix to Meltdown (Reading and Workshop with Mary Louise Pratt)| Mary Louise Pratt will read several bilingual artistic texts and lead a discussion about how they work. This discussion will turn into a workshop for people to try writing in more than one language. Wednesday, March 19, 11:45 am – 1:00 pm, Merrill Hall, Room 220
Notes on a Balinese Cockfight—the Operetta| Anthropologist and poet, Renato Rosaldo, and composer/performer, Cristian Amigo, will join Gustavo Aguilar and an ensemble cast in presenting a workshop performance of the prelude to Notes on a Balinese Cockfight—the Operetta, a humorous and critical look at American anthropologist Clifford Geertz's fictitious fieldwork experiences leading to the writing of the 1972 anthropology classic "Deep Play: Notes on the Balinese Cockfight." Thursday, March 20, 7:30 pm, Emery Community Arts Center (Snow Day Cancellation: RESCHEDULED for Friday, March 21, 7:30 pm, Emery Community Arts Center)
The Borders of Identity: The Acadian Experience in the 21st Century | Singer/Songwriter Suzanne Léger will perform on campus and conduct a workshop in FRE 201, an intermediate French course focusing on Francophone song. Wednesday, March 26, 7:30 pm, Emery Community Arts Center
In Search of First Contact | Annette Kolodny (UMF Libra Scholar) will present a talk on the sources of Viking-Native American encounter in the 10th century and highlight their role in the genesis of an American national identity. Thursday, April 10, 7:30 pm, Thomas Auditorium
Teaching Narratives of First Contact | Annette Kolodny (UMF Libra Scholar) will present a workshop for faculty. Friday, April 11, Time and Location TBA
Finding Namaskonti: Native American History in Farmington Falls| Lisa Brooks (Libra Scholar 2012) returns to talk about her research on Farmington Falls Native American history. During her time as a Libra scholar, Dr. Brooks began to reconstruct Native History in the area. Her presentation will include members of the local Historical Society. Wednesday, April 16, 11:45 am – 1:00 pm, Thomas Auditorium
Re/Thinking Paul Bunyan—A Presentation of Outcomes | This Symposium Day presentation will showcase the outcomes of a dynamic, post-disciplinary seven-week course meant to activate dialogue, field studies, and action about creation myths, ideological signs of the nation-state, borders as frontiers of identity, and the friction of global social interaction. Presenters will include Gaelyn Aguilar (UMF Anthropology), Gustavo Aguilar (UMF Experimental Performance), Jesse Potts (UMF Sculpture), Michael Romanyshyn (Musician and Puppeteer, Temple Stream Theater), and students in the Re/Thinking Paul Bunyan Spring 2014 course. Wednesday, April 30, Symposium Day, Emery Community Arts Center, Time TBA


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Can't wait for the big fireworks display? Tide yourself over by making your own virtual display to share with friends and family.
A teenager faces a murder charge, accused of committing a robbery with an accomplice who was killed in an apparent gunfire exchange with the victims of a home invasion near New Castle.
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Their on-screen chemistry is well-documented already and now Jennifer Lawrence and Bradley Cooper have once again teamed up for "Serena."
According to a report, the forthcoming flick was actually shot between "Silver Linings Playbook" and "American Hustle," though from start to finish it took 18 months.
Continuing to make a great name for himself since leaving Louis Vuitton, Marc Jacobs put a new spin on the usual during his runway show at Mercedes-Benz New York Fashion Week.
Photo Credit: Getty Images
He travels with quite the entourage of security and last night (September 11) one of the police officers on Prince Harry's team ended up in the hospital.
According to a report, the cop was riding a motorbike as he helped escort the crimson-haired hunk get to an engagement and all of a sudden a Toyota Prius caused a collision.
He dodged a serious bullet by avoiding a premeditated murder conviction and Oscar Pistorius was instead found guilty of culpable homicide in a South African courtroom today (September 12).
Judge Thokozile Masipa continued her thorough review of the case that began on Thursday (September 11), noting that Pistorius will be sentenced on October 13th.
It's never easy to lose a parent and Nicole Kidman is grieving the death of her beloved father Dr. Antony Kidman.
According to Daily Mail Australia, Dr. Kidman passed away on Friday (September 12) after falling from his hotel room in Singapore.
Photo Credit: WireImage
With all of the celebrity nudity leaking onto the internet as of late, it's not exactly shocking that Vivid boss Steven Hirsch says he has a sex tape of Australian pop star Iggy Azalea.
In a press release, Hirsch explained, "I believe there would be a huge demand for her sex tape. Iggy has proved that she's an amazing talent...We are conducting our due diligence and if we are satisfied with our review, we will definitely try to make a deal to distribute the tape."
She's already proven herself as a formidable performer, and now Ariana Grande is gearing up to take her flawless voice all over North America.
The "Problem" songstress will kick off The Honeymoon Tour on February 25th, 2015 in Independence, Missouri, with things wrapping up on April 16th in Vancouver, British Columbia.
Clearly enjoying her new home base in the UK, Lindsay Lohan showed up at the Chovgan Twilight Polo at Ham Polo Club in Richmond, England last night (September 10).
Clad in a black ensemble, the "Mean Girls" actress made some funny faces for the cameras as she sauntered inside for a lovely evening.
"Never at any point have I sat down and plotted how I should proceed from here on. As soon as you start thinking about your career as a trajectory—like, as if you're going to miss out on some wave or momentum—then you're never doing anything for yourself anyway. Then you're truly, actually, specifically working for the public. You're turning yourself into a bag of chips."


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The Henderson Police Department on Thursday night honored some of the bravest and hardest working offices and citizens in the city.
The department's annual Commendation Ceremony took place at 7 p.m. inside the Henderson Convention Center.
Among the commendations were Police Officer of the Year, Corrections Officer of the Year and Civilian Employee of the Year. Other awards included the Life Saving Award and Valorous Conduct Award.
LINK: Complete list of award recipients and the stories of their deeds
"It is an honor to be able to recognize the hard work and dedication of the men and women of the Henderson Police Department," Henderson Police Chief Patrick Moers said. "It is these men and women who work every day to ensure that our community remains a safe place to live, work, play and raise a family."
Copyright 2013 KVVU (KVVU Broadcasting Corporation). All rights reserved.
Browse through police booking mugshots for each month. More>>


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Cancer Health Center
Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (PDQ®): Treatment - Health Professional Information [NCI] - Stage IV Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer
Treatment options under clinical evaluation (all stage IV lesions):
- Chemotherapy has been combined with radiation therapy in patients who have locally advanced disease that is surgically unresectable.[6,7,8,9]
A meta-analysis of 63 randomized, prospective trials published between 1965 and 1993 showed an 8% absolute survival advantage in the subset of patients receiving concomitant chemotherapy and radiation therapy.[10][Level of evidence: 2A] Patients receiving adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy had no survival advantage. Cost, quality of life, and morbidity data were not available; no standard regimen existed; and the trials were felt to be too heterogenous to provide definitive recommendations. The results of 18 ongoing trials may further clarify the role of concomitant chemotherapy and radiation therapy in the management of oral cavity cancer.
The best chemotherapy to use and the appropriate way to integrate the two modalities is still unresolved.[11]
Similar approaches in the patient with resectable disease, in whom resection would lead to a major functional deficit, are also being explored in randomized trials but cannot be recommended at this time as standard.
- Clinical trials for advanced tumors evaluating the use of chemotherapy preoperatively, before radiation therapy, or as adjuvant therapy after surgery are appropriate.[6,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19]
- Novel fractionation radiation therapy clinical trials are under clinical evaluation.[20]
Current Clinical Trials
Check for U.S. clinical trials from NCI's list of cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with stage IV lip and oral cavity cancer. The list of clinical trials can be further narrowed by location, drug, intervention, and other criteria.
General information about clinical trials is also available from the NCI Web site.
- Mazeron JJ, Martin M, Brun B, et al.: Induction chemotherapy in head and neck cancer: results of a phase III trial. Head Neck 14 (2): 85-91, 1992 Mar-Apr.
- Hong WK, Lippman SM, Itri LM, et al.: Prevention of second primary tumors with isotretinoin in squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J Med 323 (12): 795-801, 1990.
- Johnson CR, Khandelwal SR, Schmidt-Ullrich RK, et al.: The influence of quantitative tumor volume measurements on local control in advanced head and neck cancer using concomitant boost accelerated superfractionated irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 32 (3): 635-41, 1995.
- Franceschi D, Gupta R, Spiro RH, et al.: Improved survival in the treatment of squamous carcinoma of the oral tongue. Am J Surg 166 (4): 360-5, 1993.
- Harrison LB, Sessions RB, Hong WK, eds.: Head and Neck Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, William & Wilkins, 2009.
- Al-Sarraf M, Pajak TF, Marcial VA, et al.: Concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy with cisplatin in inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. An RTOG Study. Cancer 59 (2): 259-65, 1987.
- Bachaud JM, David JM, Boussin G, et al.: Combined postoperative radiotherapy and weekly cisplatin infusion for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: preliminary report of a randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 20 (2): 243-6, 1991.
- Merlano M, Corvo R, Margarino G, et al.: Combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy in advanced inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The final report of a randomized trial. Cancer 67 (4): 915-21, 1991.
- Merlano M, Benasso M, Corvò R, et al.: Five-year update of a randomized trial of alternating radiotherapy and chemotherapy compared with radiotherapy alone in treatment of unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. J Natl Cancer Inst 88 (9): 583-9, 1996.
- Pignon JP, Bourhis J, Domenge C, et al.: Chemotherapy added to locoregional treatment for head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma: three meta-analyses of updated individual data. MACH-NC Collaborative Group. Meta-Analysis of Chemotherapy on Head and Neck Cancer. Lancet 355 (9208): 949-55, 2000.
- Taylor SG 4th, Murthy AK, Vannetzel JM, et al.: Randomized comparison of neoadjuvant cisplatin and fluorouracil infusion followed by radiation versus concomitant treatment in advanced head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol 12 (2): 385-95, 1994.
- Al-Kourainy K, Kish J, Ensley J, et al.: Achievement of superior survival for histologically negative versus histologically positive clinically complete responders to cisplatin combination in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer. Cancer 59 (2): 233-8, 1987.
- Adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced head and neck squamous carcinoma. Final report of the Head and Neck Contracts Program. Cancer 60 (3): 301-11, 1987.
- Toohill RJ, Duncavage JA, Grossmam TW, et al.: The effects of delay in standard treatment due to induction chemotherapy in two randomized prospective studies. Laryngoscope 97 (4): 407-12, 1987.
- Ensley J, Crissman J, Kish J, et al.: The impact of conventional morphologic analysis on response rates and survival in patients with advanced head and neck cancers treated initially with cisplatin-containing combination chemotherapy. Cancer 57 (4): 711-7, 1986.
- Fu KK, Phillips TL, Silverberg IJ, et al.: Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy with bleomycin and methotrexate for advanced inoperable head and neck cancer: update of a Northern California Oncology Group randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 5 (9): 1410-8, 1987.
- Ryan RF, Krementz ET, Truesdale GL: Salvage of stage IV intraoral squamous cell carcinomas with preoperative 5-fluorouracil. Cancer 57 (4): 699-705, 1986.
- Ervin TJ, Clark JR, Weichselbaum RR, et al.: An analysis of induction and adjuvant chemotherapy in the multidisciplinary treatment of squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. J Clin Oncol 5 (1): 10-20, 1987.
- Browman GP, Cripps C, Hodson DI, et al.: Placebo-controlled randomized trial of infusional fluorouracil during standard radiotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol 12 (12): 2648-53, 1994.
- Stuschke M, Thames HD: Hyperfractionated radiotherapy of human tumors: overview of the randomized clinical trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 37 (2): 259-67, 1997.
WebMD Public Information from the National Cancer Institute


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Facebook wants a person comfortable with politicians at the most senior levels of government, who has experience as a media spokesperson, preferably on both radio and TV; and of course, has 'a passionate belief' in Facebook.
Debbie Frost, Facebook spokeswoman, to the Mercury News. Facebook to assemble global team of 'diplomats'.
Via the Atlantic Wire, Signs That Facebook Is Acting Like a Sovereign Nation.
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We have vacationed in Florida for years. We just decided we wanted to own in this glorious location. We love to go above and beyond to make our guests feel at home. Come for a visit to our "Dolce Villa" and you instantly feel relaxed and ready to vacation!
Accepts FlipKey Payments
Reviewed by Real Travelers
Living La Dolce Vita - - in La "Dolce Villa"! La 'Dolce Villa' is based in a recently built, centrally located and beautifully landscaped, gated condo community and is situated steps to the best pool and hot tub facilities in Palm Beach Gardens. The pool area also includes 2 gas bbqs, poolside eating area, lake views…
1 guest review
100% of guests would stay again
Left on Sep 19, 2012 for a stay in September 2012
We stayed at this condo for just over a week in September. The condo has a great layout with 2 good size bedrooms and large living area - lots of natural light! The condo is beautifully decorated with nice and comfortable furniture and accessories, is very clean and well maintained. It overlooks the lake and pool. Being so close to the pool was great! The condo is situated in a very upscale area… See more
nitrossm, Toronto, Canada


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NEW YORK (WPIX)—They're rich, famous and beautiful... so why is it so hard for the children of privilege to find happiness?
The recent death of wild child, Casey Johnson is making headlines around the world.
Casey is part of a long list of children of the rich and famous who have been tabloid fodder for partying, sex tapes, estrangement, and even drug addiction and crime.
The daughter of Jets owner, Woody Johnson and heiress to the Johnson and Johnson fortune had a history of drug abuse and threats of suicide.
Martin Sheen's son, Charlie Sheen recently got arrested for pulling a knife on his wife and has had a history of violence and substance abuse.
"24" star, Keifer Sutherland, son of actor Donald Sutherland, got arrested in New York last year for headbutting a man at a bar.
Actor Robert Downey Jr, son of a famous filmmaker, went to jail as a result of his drug problems.
Natalie Cole, daughter of singer Nat King Cole, wrote a book about her drug addiction. And so did Star Wars star Carrie Fischer, who did a one woman show on Broadway based on her book "Wishful Drinking."
Mackenzie Philips, daughter of "Momma's and the Pappas" singer John Philips, is a resident on Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew.
Michael Douglas's son, Cameron Douglas was arrested for selling crystal meth.
And Marlon Brando's son, Christian went to jail for manslaughter.
So what's the common link behind these famous offspring? PIX News' Emily Frances interviewed Eitan Yardeni, senior teacher at the Kabbalah Center in New York, who equates it with Universal Laws.
Yardeni says when children get money again and again without making an effort, they will not have the ability to appreciate it. Without knowing why, they will feel empty and disconnected.
In fact, Yardeni says they will have resentment towards their parents because, subconsciously, their soul knows it's not healthy for them. In turn, he says, the best message parents can send their children is to teach them that effort and finding an identity is essential to your own self esteem.
Kabbalah -- the world's oldest body of spiritual wisdom -- contains the long-hidden keys to the secrets of the universe as well as the keys to the mysteries of the human heart and soul.
For more information on the Kabbalah Center New York call (212) 644-0025.


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Was £180.00
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Whirlpool GT288/BL black 24 litre full combi microwave
Item No.3250091134
This GT288/BL microwave, from the Gusto range by Whirlpool, has a 700W power output and holds up to 25L inside a stylish painted interior. The easy to use knob and button controls cover 14 programmable settings, which include the Unique Crisp function for ultra low fat frying and a Jet Defrost mode. The forced air convection system also lends itself to roasting and baking.
- Exterior finish: Black
- Heating category: Grill
- Turntable diameter: 28 cm
- HWD: 30 x 52 x 49 cm
- Microwave combi with Forced air convection system, 'Unique Crisp' function and plate, Whirlpool 3D microwave distribution System ,Jet Start, Jet defrost and Grill
- Model: GT 288 BL
- 700 Watts
- 25L Capacity
- 6 power levels
- Control type: Knob + buttons
- 14 programmable settings
- Timer limit
- Interior Lining: Painted
Deliveries are between 8am - 6pm, Mon - Sat.
FREE if you pay with your Debenhams card
FREE delivery on all orders over £30 (normally £3.99)
Deliver to store for collection ( 160 participating stores ) FREE
Debenhams is happy to exchange or refund your purchase within 28 days providing the goods are in a fully resaleable condition (including tags) and not within the exclusion policy*. This policy does not affect your statutory rights. You can return unwanted items either by visiting your local store (the fastest way to get a refund), by arranging a courier collection or returning by post. Exclusions apply to selected products. For instructions on how to return products and information on Debenhams refund policy visit the returns and refunds section of the website.


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MILWAUKEE, Wis. (WTAQ) - The prosecution rested its case today in the trial of Desmond Laster, a Milwaukee man accused in the murders of two women and two children last February.
Meanwhile, defense witnesses Natasha Pope and David Fletcher said they would refuse to testify if they're called to the stand. Both said they would cite their 5th Amendment rights against self-incrimination. And 3 other potential defense witnesses were meeting with their lawyers late Tuesday morning.
Media reports said Laster contacted all 5 of them from his jail cell in recent days. Laster and co-defendant Anthony Barnes are accused of killing 23-year-old Rachel Thompson, her 3 and 4-year-old sons, and 19-year-old Brittany Robertson.
Laster and Robertson were dating, and Thompson had moved in with Robertson a few weeks before the murders. Prosecutors said the two women both had children by another man who's in prison – and Robertson helped killed Thompson before Robertson was slain later the same day.
Barnes was given a plea deal for testifying against Barnes a few days ago. Laster's attorney says his client plans to testify in his own defense.


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Highlight: Antonio Saura
Spotlight: Sun Auction NY
Featured Member:Kayne Griffin Corcoran
Now On: Traitor and Tradition
Top Lot: William Wegman
View Catalogue: Roger Ballen
Top Fine Art Lot:Lucien Smith
Featured Member:Jack Rutberg Fine Arts
Upcoming Auction atPhillips New York
Top Design Lot:Pierre Jeanneret
Art World
Sample Report
The Artists
Hill and Stump work together in their studio in San Diego, and are represented in Los Angeles by MLA Gallery. Ms. Hill earned her MFA from Claremont Graduate University. Ms. Stump, a Senior Fulbright Scholar, earned her MFA at San Diego State University. Both artists teach studio and art history courses in the San Diego Community College District and the Grossmont/Cuyamaca College District.
Note from MLA Gallery: These paintings are absolutely luminous in person. The images barely begin to capture the warmth, and beauty of the work. As is always the case with this gallery, we offer an unconditional guarantee of satisfaction, or your purchase price will be refunded in full.