text:
SPRAT Profile
In addition, proponents and land managers should refer to the Recovery Plan (where available) or the Conservation Advice (where available) for recovery, mitigation and conservation information.
|EPBC Act Listing Status
|Listed as Endangered
|Listing and Conservation Advices
Commonwealth Conservation Advice for Macquaria australasica (Macquarie Perch) (Threatened Species Scientific Committee (TSSC), 2013fi) [Conservation Advice].
|Recovery Plan Decision
Recovery Plan required, included on the Commenced List (1/11/2009).
|Adopted/Made Recovery Plans
|Policy Statements and Guidelines
Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened fish. EPBC Act survey guidelines 6.4
(Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPaC), 2011i) [Admin Guideline].
Draft referral guidelines for the endangered Macquarie perch, Macquaria australasica (Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPaC), 2011t) [Admin Guideline].
Federal Register of
Legislative Instruments
Declaration under s178, s181, and s183 of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 - List of threatened species, List of threatened ecological communities and List of threatening processes (Commonwealth of Australia, 2000) [Legislative Instrument].
State Government
Documents and Websites
|State Listing Status
|Non-statutory Listing Status
|Scientific name
|Macquaria australasica [66632]
|Species author
|Cuvier, 1830
|Infraspecies author
|Distribution map
This is an indicative distribution map of the present distribution of the species based on best available knowledge. See map caveat for more information.
|Google Images
http://www.mdbc.gov.au/education/encyclopedia/wildlife/fish/macquarie_perch.htm ;
Preliminary studies found fixed allelic differences between fish taken from west of the Great Dividing Range and fish taken from east of the Great Dividing Range (Dufty 1986). Collaborative studies (between the University of New South Wales and NSW Fisheries) revealed further allelic, meristic (quantitative features) and morphometric differences (Dufty 1986). It was concluded that three genetic stocks exist: west of the Great Dividing Range, the Hawkesbury River and the lower Shoalhaven River (Dufty 1986).
Genetic work conducted by the NSW Department of Primary Industries shows that the Mongarlowe River population (Shoalhaven catchment) is a Murray-Darling translocation sourced from the Murrumbidgee River. In addition, based on mitochondrial DNA of a single locus of one specimen, it was found that the Kangaroo River population (also Shoalhaven catchment) is genetically different stock. Within the Murray-Darling, there appear to be three distinct stocks of Macquarie Perch; one from each of the Murray, Murrumbidgee and Lachlan River systems (Lintermans 2006).
Populations in the Hawkesbury and Shoalhaven river systems possibly constitute a separate species from fish in the Murray-Darling river system (Gehrke et al. 2001). Recent phylogeographical studies confirm that the remaining populations of Macquarie Perch are highly subdivided, with high levels of genetic diversity (Faulks et al. 2009).
The Macquarie Perch is a moderate-sized fish with an elongate-oval body which is laterally compressed. The lateral line is obvious and there are conspicuous open pores on the lower jaw (Lintermans 2008). Macquarie Perch have been recorded growing to 46 cm and 3.5 kg within the western distribution of their range, but are distinctly smaller in maximum size at maturity in the eastern distribution of their range where they grow to less than 25 cm and 1.5 kg. In the Murray-Darling Basin the species varies from almost black or dark silvery grey to bluish grey or green-brown above, paler to off-white below, often with a yellowish tinge. In the Shoalhaven and Hawkesbury River systems, fish are usually blotched with grey-brown, buff and dark-greyish over the head and body and can be pale grey-brown when living in shallow sandy streams (Allen 1989a; McDowall 1996).
Historic distribution
The Macquarie Perch was once widespread through the cooler upper reaches of the southern tributaries of the Murray-Darling river system in Victoria and New South Wales (Anonymous 1974; McDowall 1996), however its distribution did not usually extend to the sources of these rivers (Lake 1971). Although it was considered rare downstream in the Murray River, in Victoria the Macquarie Perch occurred in the Barmah Lakes area and tributaries such as Broken Creek (Cadwallader 1981; Lake 1978; McDowall 1996). In New South Wales, the species occurred in the upper reaches of the Macquarie River system (Trueman 2007).
Current distribution
Prior to 1970, this species was recorded at 52 localities within its natural geographical range in the Murray-Darling Basin. However, it has since been recorded at only 20 localities (Cadwallader 1981). The Murray-Darling form of the Macquarie Perch is still known to exist in waterways of Victoria, NSW and the ACT. The eastern form is confined to the Hawkesbury-Nepean and Shoalhaven river systems including a number of Sydney's water supply reservoirs (Ingram et al. 2000).
Of the Macquarie Perch in the Murray-Darling, only small discrete populations remain in the upper reaches of the Mitta Mitta, Ovens, Broken, Campaspe and Goulburn Rivers in northern Victoria (Ingram et al. 1990). A larger, apparently self-sustaining translocated population exists in the Yarra River and is potentially the most secure in the country. The Macquarie Perch is also known to persist in Lake Eildon in the Goulburn River catchment (McDowall 1996).
New South Wales
Macquarie Perch have declined considerably from their historical distribution within NSW and they are now considered isolated to the upper reaches of the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee Rivers in southern NSW (Ingram et al. 1990). It is also found in low numbers in the Mongarlowe River, where the population is considered likely to be the result of a translocation from the Murray-Darling Basin (Lintermans 2008). Other populations exist in Cataract Dam in the Nepean River catchment, as well as a 2008 record from Georges River near Campbelltown, the first record from the river since 1894 (NSW DPI 2008a). It persists in the Burrinjuck, Cotter (Murrumbidgee) and Wyangala impoundments (McDowall 1996). A breeding population in the Queanbeyan River upstream of the Googong Reservoir exists solely due to a translocation of individuals from the reservoir past a natural barrier (Lintermans 2006). The Googong reservoir population is believed to be effectively extinct. Macquarie perch may occasionally become displaced downstream from the Queanbeyan River into Googong, but they do not form a population in the reservoir (Lintermans pers comm 2009).
Australian Capital Territory
In the Australian Capital Territory, the Macquarie Perch is restricted to the Murrumbidgee, Paddys and Cotter Rivers (Lintermans 2002). It was previously known to occur in the Molonglo River, but was last recorded in the river in about 1980 (Lintermans pers comm 2009).
The largest remaining populations of Macquarie Perch occur in Lake Dartmouth on the Mitta Mitta River (Victoria) and several isolated populations in the Goulburn River catchment (Victoria), including Hughes Creek and the upper reaches of the Seven Creeks system (Cadwallader 1981), and Lake Eildon on the Goulburn River (McDowall 1996). The Mitta Mitta River population now appears to be in decline, with marked reductions in angler catches within Lake Dartmouth. A translocated population located in the Yarra River near Warrandyte appears to be large and self-sustaining, and may be the most secure population in the country (Douglas 2002, cited in Ryan et al. 2003).
New South Wales
The New South Wales Rivers Survey (1994–1996) demonstrated that the Macquarie Perch was present only in low numbers at three sites in streams above Lake Wyangala and Burrinjuck Dam (Schiller et al. 1997). Hawkesbury and Shoalhaven River populations, including in large impoundments, seem abundant and generally occur upstream of Australian Bass (Macquaria noveamaculata) populations (Harris & Rowland 1996).
Other populations exist in Cataract Dam, including Cataract and Bellambi Creeks (Cardno 2014), in the Nepean River catchment, as well as a record in 2008 from Georges River near Campbelltown (NSW DPI 2008a). Records have also been made in the Dharawal State Conservation Area, the Metropolitan Special Area and in adjacent areas around Appin (Bio-Analysis Pty Ltd 2009).
Species variation
Macquarie Perch populations in the coastal catchments are morphologically and genetically distinct from those in the Murray-Darling Basin (Dufty 1986). Although some experts consider these differences warrant taxonomic differentiation, no such differentiation has occurred. Although it has been suggested that coastal populations were translocated from the Murray-Darling Basin (Cadwallader 1981; Lake 1971), no records of translocation to coastal rivers (excluding Cataract Dam) have been documented for the Hawkesbury or Shoalhaven populations.
Of the many recorded translocations of this species from within and outside its natural range, few translocated populations remain or have self-sustaining breeding populations (Cadwallader 1981). Macquarie Perch were translocated from the upper Murrumbidgee River near Cooma to two locations in the Snowy River. However, no fish have since been recorded at that location (Lintermans 2006). The populations in Cataract Dam (NSW) and the Yarra River (Victoria) were translocated from the Murray River (Lintermans 2006).
The Macquarie Perch is a riverine, schooling species. It prefers clear water and deep, rocky holes with lots of cover. As well as aquatic vegetation, additional cover may comprise of large boulders, debris and overhanging banks (Cadwallader & Eden 1979). Spawning occurs just above riffles (shallow running water). Populations may survive in impoundments if able to access suitable spawning sites (Wager & Jackson 1993).
Spawning sites used by the Macquarie Perch in the rivers flowing into Lake Eildon (between 196669) consisted of rubble substrate of small boulders, pebbles and gravel. Water depth was 0.20.9 m (usually 0.40.6 m) and water velocity was 0.30.6 m/s. There was also a pool (usually 1530 m long and at least 1.5 m deep) immediately upstream, and fast-flowing broken water immediately downstream. Although this species can tolerate temperatures of < 9 °C (the temperature of the water at the bottom of Lake Eildon) they appear to require a temperature of at least 16.5 °C for spawning to occur. Newly hatched yolk sac larvae shelter amongst pebbles (Cadwallader & Rogan 1977). In Seven Creeks, this species occurred in deep pools and riffles above falls where the substrate was gravel and boulders (Brumley et al. 1987).
Males of this species have been reported to reach maturity at as early as two years of age when they are about 210 mm in length, but females do not spawn until three years of age when they are about 300 mm in length (Lake 1971). One study showed that the majority of males matured at 290–300 mm corresponding to an age of more than three years, but the smallest maturing male fish was only 134 mm, 50 g and around two years of age. In the same study, the smallest mature female examined was 212 mm, but most females matured between 250–300 mm, corresponding to more than three years of age (Appleford et al. 1998). Wharton (1973) suggested that fish of 195–225 mm are one year old, fish of 230–250 mm are two years old, and fish of 400–425 mm are five years old. Appleford and colleagues (1998) suggested that size, not age, at first maturity is highly variable and dependent on ambient conditions and the natural productivity of the site. They also theorised that age, rather than size, may be the trigger for the onset of gonadal maturation.
Cadwallader and Rogan (1977) studied populations around Lake Eildon (Victoria) and noted that spawning commenced at four years of age and continued until 10 years of age. The results of Appleford and colleagues (1998) indicate that ovarian development appeared to commence early in the year (February–April), and then paused until August. On resumption of maturation, development proceeded rapidly to reach the gravid-gonad stage by late October or early November. In contrast, development of the testes remained at background levels until August when a rapid advancement of maturation occurred to produce running-ripe males by October/November (Appleford et al. 1998).
Recaptures of tagged fish suggest some fish use the same river each year for spawning. Spawning migrations from Lake Eildon into the inflowing Delatite, Howqua, Jamieson, Goulburn and Big Rivers did not occur until water temperatures reached 16.5 °C. Because of different temperature regimes, the timing of spawning migration and spawning differed from river to river (Cadwallader & Rogan 1977). Spawning generally occurs during spring and early summer in shallow, fast-flowing water over gravel beds. The eggs, which are adhesive, stick to the gravel (Lake 1971; Wharton 1973). When spawning, females remain close to the substrate, usually in groups of two or four, accompanied by one or two males (Cadwallader & Rogan 1977). Wharton (1973) and Cadwallader and Rogan (1977) estimated fecundity to be 30 000 eggs per kg of mature female. Wharton (1973) measured the diameter of unfertilised eggs as 2 mm and the diameter of fertilised, water-hardened eggs as 4 mm.
Hatching commences 13 days after fertilisation and is completed by 18 days after fertilisation at water temperatures of 11–18 °C (Wharton 1973). Gooley (1986) noted that hatching commenced more quickly in higher water temperatures (i.e. in 10–11 days at 15–17 °C and 5–6 days at 18–20 °C). Newly hatched larvae range from 4.4–6.5 mm in total length (Gooley 1986). In impounded waters, hatched fish soon moved back downstream to the lake habitat from upstream spawning sites (Cadwallader & Douglas 1986), but it is not clear if any of this movement was through active swimming or entirely passive (i.e. taken by the current). Juveniles in hatchery ponds averaged around 83 mm in length at seven months of age (Wharton 1973).
In lower Cotter River, larvae of Macquarie Perch (<10 mm) were observed in the mid to upper water column (<1 m depth), along steep rock-faces (within 0.3 m), in deep sections of pools (>1.5 m) and in low or no-flow areas (Broadhurst et al. 2012). Larvae schooled in small groups (~5–30 individuals) and typically moved deeper in the water column when approached. Juvenile Macquarie perch were observed close to the substrate, often associated with boulders, cobbles or large woody debris. Highest densities of juveniles were found in these types of habitats at the head and tail of pools, where some surface flow was present. Juveniles generally inhabited depths of 0.2–1.0 m, and were occasionally observed at depths of 1.5 m (Broadhurst et al. 2012).
Analysis of the stomach contents of 14 fish (taken from Lake Eildon and inflowing rivers during the 196669 spawning seasons) showed that insects and larvae form a substantial part of the Macquarie Perch diet (Lake 1971). Results indicated that the primary food items consisted of the nymph/adult stages of flies and mosquitoes (Order Diptera), caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) and mayflies (Order Ephemeroptera); while secondary food items comprised stoneflies (Order Plecoptera), dragonflies and damselflies (Order Odonata), bugs (Order Hemiptera) and beetles (Order Coleoptera) (Cadwallader & Rogan 1977).
The basic food of 204 individuals taken from Hughes Creek, the Seven Creeks River system (tributaries of the Goulburn River, Victoria), and the Mitta Mitta River (Victoria) consisted of beetles, flies and mosquitoes (particularly Family Chironomidae), mayflies and caddisflies. Secondary food items included Crustacea, bugs, damselflies and gastropod snails (Order Mollusca). Large fish (115287 mm) ingest their food by a sucking action and fed on a greater diversity of food types than small fish (4665 mm) with decapods found to replace dipterans as the preferred food source (Lintermans 2006). This species is basically a bottom feeder and only takes a small proportion of its food at the water surface (Cadwallader & Eden 1979). In diet studies, the role terrestrial insects played in the diet was minimal (Lintermans 2006), supporting the species' bottom-feeding nature.
During the initial filling phase of Lake Dartmouth, this species fed on typical river-dwelling organisms such as mayflies, stoneflies and caddisflies that were carried into the lake by inflowing rivers. However, they also consumed terrestrial organisms that became displaced as the water level rose, and still or slow water organisms such as shrimps (Order Decapoda: Family Atyidae) and cladocerans (Order Crustacea: Family Daphniidae). The numbers of these latter aquatic organisms rapidly increased in the newly created lake (Cadwallader & Douglas 1986).
Macquarie Perch inhabiting Lake Eildon and Lake Dartmouth undertake an upstream spawning migration in mid spring to early summer when water temperatures reach around 16.5 °C (Cadwallader & Douglas 1986; Cadwallader & Rogan 1977), after which adults usually move from the streams to the lake (Cadwallader & Douglas 1986). Migration may not be necessary in stream dwelling fish (Gooley & McDonald 1988).
In one study of 30 tagged fish in the Yarra River (outside of the species natural range), the fish typically occupied restricted reaches of stream (<450 m), with 16 undertaking movements of up to 1000 m in response to large flow variations during the spawning season (Koster et al. 2013). In this study there was no evidence of syncronised migratory behaviour or movement of multiple fish to specific locations (Koster et al. 2013).
Successful use of a rock ramp fishway has been observed in the Cotter River (Broadhurst et al. 2013). The use of the fishway may mitigate the effects of inundation of spawning habitat. Prior to the construction of the fishway, breeding habitat at the site was limited by a barrier caused by a raised road crossing (Broadhurst et al. 2013).
Surveys should not be conducted throughout the breeding season of October to mid January. Surveys conducted during this period may disrupt the breeding cycle of the species, and could have a significant impact on the Macquarie Perch.
Recommended methods
Macquarie Perch are difficult to survey since they are a furtive, nocturnal species. Methods which do not enmesh fish but which collect an adequate sample size are limited. Recommended survey methods include:
- boat electrofishing in lakes/dams
- backpack electrofishing in smaller streams less than approximately 1.5 m in depth
- fyke nets can successfully capture large numbers of juvenile Macquarie Perch, but do not always collect a representative sample of adult fish. Fyke nets should be equal to or less than 9 mm mesh to prevent mortalities
- place traps in preferred habitat like emergent macrophytes and areas where banks are undercut. To prevent drowning of trapped non-target mammals (such as platypus), fyke nets should be set partially out of the water to create an air space
- snorkelling in clear streams for coastal populations
- catch-and-release angling by skilled anglers using lures with barbless hooks during February–April could also be considered.
Changes in habitat caused by river siltation, river regulation, reduced spawning habitat access and the effects of predation and competition from introduced species have caused a drastic decline in both the abundance and range of the Macquarie Perch (ACT Government 1999d; Anonymous 1974; Lake 1971). Local extinction of this species from catchments can be the result of a number of factors. For example, the virtual disappearance of this species from Lake Eildon was probably caused by a combination of habitat alteration, overfishing of spawning stock, predation by exotic fish species and competition for food with exotic fish species (Cadwallader & Rogan 1977).
River siltation
Removal of riparian vegetation, land use changes and construction activities all have the potential to increase the sediment input to rivers and streams. Silt filling deep holes and settling on the river bottom provides unfavourable conditions for the demersal (bottom dwelling) eggs and blankets rocky substrate and interstitial spaces (Cadwallader 1981; Lintermans 2006). Silt also affects the composition of the benthic fauna that forms the main component of the Macquarie Perch's diet (Cadwallader & Rogan 1977). The most viable populations of this species remain in the upper reaches of river catchments where siltation loads are reduced and deep holes, interspersed with shallow riffles, are relatively undisturbed (Cadwallader 1981).
River regulation and degradation
Instream barriers such as dams, weirs and road crossings can limit fish migration, prevent fish reaching spawning and feeding areas, interrupt genetic transfer between populations, cause fish populations to fragment, and reduce water temperatures below impoundments (ACT Government 1999d; Cadwallader 1981; Lake 1971; Lintermans 2008). Within the Murray-Darling Basin, there are more than 3600 structures that are known to impede fish passage (Koehn 2005). Macquarie Perch populations present in reservoirs require unimpeded access to inflowing streams for spawning (Lintermans 2006). Barriers can prevent fish gaining access to these important spawning sites or re-colonising areas after drought or local catastrophes (Koehn 2005). Fast-flowing water through culvert pipes may be just as impassable as a vertical weir to most native fish species (Lintermans 2006).
Altered flow regimes as a result of large dams and reservoirs have a major impact on Macquarie Perch ecology. Altered regimes generally involve reduced flow of water downstream, and reduced frequency and magnitude of natural flooding, leading to reduced habitat quality, loss of spawning cues, and reduced opportunities for dispersal and migration (Lintermans 2008).
The release of cold water from the base of water storages affects most river reaches where Macquarie Perch were historically found. Macquarie Perch rely on temperature cues to initiate spawning movements (Lintermans 2002). Discharge of cold water from large dams can prevent Macquarie Perch breeding (Lintermans 2008). Cold water release during spawning has been implicated in the disappearance of two separate populations of Macquarie Perch in the Mitta Mitta River following the construction of Dartmouth Dam (Koehn et al. 1995).
Habitat degradation
Additional habitat degradation in the Murrumbidgee River catchment has resulted from the effects of sand and gravel extraction, heavy metal pollution and urban development (ACT Government 1999d).
Degradation caused by bushfires
The 2003 ACT bushfires resulted in reduced foliage cover of streams and extensive siltation of some Macquarie Perch habitats in the Cotter and Goodradigbee Rivers. The fires also damaged riparian vegetation at these locations and probably reduced leaf litter inputs into streams for many years (Lintermans 2006). Water quality can also be affected by extreme bushfires resulting in consequent ash poisoning and siltation of waterways.
Persistent drought has also impacted remnant populations in the Queanbeyan River (NSW) with fish failing to recruit during the 2002/2003 spawning seasons, and possibly longer (Lintermans 2006).
Recreational fishing
In NSW, the Macquarie Perch has been protected since 1994 (Harris & Rowland 1996), but illegal fishing continues (ACT Government 1999d). A review of recreational fishing practices in the ACT proposed a total ban on taking the species and this proposal received widespread community support (ACT Government 1999d). In 1959, about three tonnes of Macquarie Perch were caught from one pool in the Goulburn River on the first morning of the open season (Anonymous 1974). Such concentrated overfishing of spawning aggregations has contributed to its decline (Cadwallader & Rogan 1977). In the Seven Creeks system, the lack of exploitation by anglers has probably allowed this species to persist in a small area of suitable habitat (Brumley et al. 1987). The population of this species in Lake Dartmouth is subjected to a closed season during spawning (Koehn & O'Connor 1990a).
Introduction of exotic fish
Exotic fish introductions have occurred for recreational angling, commercial angling and biological control reasons, and as a result of accidental aquarium releases and interbasin water transfers. Macquarie Perch face competition and predation from species such as European Carp (Cyprinus carpio), Redfin Perch (Perca fluviatilis), Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) (Gilligan 2005).
Trout have been recorded to feed on small Macquarie Perch (Butcher 1967). In addition, Macquarie Perch may not be able to compete successfully with trout for food (Jackson 1981). Netting in the Goulburn River, near Jamieson, in November/December 1971 yielded 128 fish of which 62 (48.4%) were Redfin, 53 (41.4%) were Goldfish (Carassius auratus), 12 (9.4%) were trout and only a single Macquarie Perch (0.8%). This indicates that introduced species now dominate the fish fauna in this region (Cadwallader & Rogan 1977). Introduced Trout and Redfin adversely affect Macquarie Perch through competition for food items, such as aquatic insects (Cadwallader & Rogan 1977). One event includes the introduction 750 000 Rainbow Trout and more than 250 000 Brown Trout into Lake Eildon in 1958–1967 (Cadwallader & Rogan 1977). Redfin Perch also appeared in Lake Eildon as a result of deliberate introductions and as a result of being washed out of farm dams that were inundated during the initial filling of the lake (Cadwallader & Rogan 1977). Increases in the stocking rate of Rainbow Trout coincided with the decline of Macquarie Perch in the upper Murrumbidgee River more than any other factor (Gilligan 2005).
Damaging parasites and disease
Macquarie Perch is reported to be infected by two parasitic protozoans, several nematodes and the parasitic copepod Lernaea cyprinacea (Ashburner 1970; Beumer et al. 1982; Merrick & Schmida 1984; Robinson 1981). Carp or Redfin Perch are considered to be the source of the Australian populations of Lernaea cyprinacea(ACT Government 1999d; Langdon 1989a). The viral disease Epizootic Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus has been responsible for the death of large numbers of Redfin in south east Australia, mainly in outbreaks in early summer among juveniles (Langdon & Humphrey 1987). There is preliminary experimental evidence that Macquarie Perch is also highly susceptible to the virus and the virus may have been partly responsible for the rapid decline of the population in Lake Eildon (Langdon 1989a, b). There is concern that this virus will impact upon the remaining populations of this species (ACT Government 1999d; Koehn & Morison 1990). The Murrumbidgee and the Googong Reservoir populations have been exposed to the virus and it is highly likely that the Queanbeyan River population has also been exposed through the movement of infected adult trout between the Reservoir and the River (ACT Government 1999d).
Carp, Goldfish or Mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) are implicated as the source of the introduced tapeworm Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, which has been recorded in native fish species (ACT Government 1999d; Dove et al. 1997). This tapeworm causes widespread mortality in juvenile fish overseas (ACT Government 1999d). Investigations into the interactions between Macquarie Perch and the introduced fish species that share its range are critical to understanding the degree of threat to Macquarie Perch populations (ACT Government 1999d). Parasite and disease analysis of introduced fishes occurring within the distributional range of Macquarie Perch is desirable to assess and evaluate the risk of the transfer of these parasites and pathogens to Macquarie Perch.
Three key management options are identified for the Macquarie Perch: stocking of hatchery-bred fish; translocation of wild fish; and habitat protection or enhancement (Lintermans 2006).
Further actions are identified by the NSW and ACT Governments.
New South Wales
The NSW Department of Primary Industries (2005) lists the following priority recovery actions in the management of the Macquarie Perch:
- disseminate current knowledge of this species and identify knowledge gaps
- survey populations, map habitats and determine ecological requirements
- assess threats
- improve understanding of genetic differences of this species
- implement legislative options for the protection of Macquarie Perch habitat
- restore riparian vegetation
- eradicate pest species
- monitor current angling regulatory regimes and determine whether they need modification
- install signage at key locations to increase the awareness of this species protected status
- develop a recovery plan
- allocate environmental water flows in regulated rivers to lessen the impact of unnatural flows and temperature patterns
- prevent hydrological degradation.
Australian Capital Territory
The ACT Government aims to protect the Macquarie Perch through prevention of Carp and Redfin Perch invasion into the Cotter River. Environment ACT highlights the importance of maintaining the integrity of the Cotter Dam as a barrier to upstream fish colonisation, especially during the planned reconstruction/augmentation of the Cotter Dam (ACT Government n.d.). In addition, the feasibility of translocating Macquarie Perch past the barrier of Vanity's Crossing will be investigated, as well as the improved surveying to assess the distribution of this species in Paddys River (ACT Government n.d.). Environment ACT is providing signage along the Murrumbidgee and Cotter Rivers in the ACT to assist anglers in identifying threatened fish species (ACT Government n.d.).
Total bans on the capture of Macquarie Perch exist in NSW and the ACT. The capture, keeping and trading of Macquarie Perch is controlled by legislation in Victoria (Ingram et al. 2000). Aggregations of Macquarie perch during spawning runs are particularly susceptible to fishing pressure (ACT Government 1999d).
Ingram and colleagues (1994) noted that breeding programs had been unsuccessful in rearing large enough numbers of Macquarie Perch for reintroduction into areas within its former distribution.
Government Funding
The Friends of the Mongarlowe River received $11 400 through the Threatened Species Network Community Grants in 2006–07 for habitat assessment and species monitoring, production of a conservation information package for the community, targeted and general community awareness, and identification of ongoing conservation needs for the Macquarie Perch.
Management documents for the Macquarie Perch include:
- Macquarie Perch (Macquaria australica): an endangered species. Action Plan No. 13 (ACT Government 1999d).
- Threatened fish and marine vegetation: Macquarie Perch (NSW Department of Primary Industry 2005).
The following table lists known and perceived threats to this species. Threats are based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) threat classification version 1.1.
|Threat Class
|Threatening Species
|Biological Resource Use:Fishing and Harvesting Aquatic Resources:Illegal take
|Macquaria australasica in Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) database (Department of the Environment and Heritage (DEH), 2006nv) [Internet].
|Energy Production and Mining:Mining and Quarrying:Habitat modification through open cut mining/quarrying activities
|Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica): an endangered species. Action Plan No. 13. Page(s) 16. (ACT Govt, 1999b) [State Action Plan].
|Human Intrusions and Disturbance:Recreational Activities:Disturbance, especially from human recreational activities and development
|Endangered Native Fish. Freshwater Fisheries Newsletter. 7:9-15. (Anon, 1974) [Journal].
|Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species:Competition and/or predation
|Carassius auratus (Goldfish)
|The Macquarie Perch, Macquaria australasica (Pisces: Percichthyidae) of Lake Eildon, Victoria. Australian Journal of Ecology. 2:409-418. (Cadwallader, P.L. & P.L. Rogan, 1977) [Journal].
|Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species:Competition and/or predation
|Gambusia holbrooki (Eastern Gambusia, Mosquitofish)
The threat posed by pest animals to biodiversity in New South Wales (Coutts-Smith, A.J., P.S. Mahon, M. Letnic & P.O. Downey, 2007) [Management Plan].
The Asian fish tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, in Australian freshwater fishes. Marine and Freshwater Research. 48:181-183. (Dove, A.D.M., T.H. Cribb, S.P. Mockler & M. Lintermans , 1997) [Journal].
|Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species:Competition and/or predation
|Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout)
The Macquarie Perch, Macquaria australasica (Pisces: Percichthyidae) of Lake Eildon, Victoria. Australian Journal of Ecology. 2:409-418. (Cadwallader, P.L. & P.L. Rogan, 1977) [Journal].
Macquaria australasica in Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) database (Department of the Environment and Heritage (DEH), 2006nv) [Internet].
|Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species:Competition and/or predation
|Perca fluviatilis (Redfin, Redfin Perch)
Macquaria australasica in Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) database (Department of the Environment and Heritage (DEH), 2006nv) [Internet].
Prevention and control of fish diseases in the Murray-Darling Basin. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Native Fish Management, Canberra. Page(s) 163-173. (Langdon, J.S., 1989a) [Proceedings].
|Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species:Competition and/or predation
|Salmo trutta (Brown Trout)
The Macquarie Perch, Macquaria australasica (Pisces: Percichthyidae) of Lake Eildon, Victoria. Australian Journal of Ecology. 2:409-418. (Cadwallader, P.L. & P.L. Rogan, 1977) [Journal].
Macquaria australasica in Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) database (Department of the Environment and Heritage (DEH), 2006nv) [Internet].
|Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species:Competition, predation and/or habitat degradation
|Cyprinus carpio (European Carp, Common Carp)
The Asian fish tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, in Australian freshwater fishes. Marine and Freshwater Research. 48:181-183. (Dove, A.D.M., T.H. Cribb, S.P. Mockler & M. Lintermans , 1997) [Journal].
Prevention and control of fish diseases in the Murray-Darling Basin. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Native Fish Management, Canberra. Page(s) 163-173. (Langdon, J.S., 1989a) [Proceedings].
|Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species:Infection by parasites
A checklist of the parasites of fishes from Australia and its adjacent Antarctic Territories. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, Institute of Parasitology Technical Communication No. 48. (Beumer, J.P., L.D. Ashburner, M.E. Burbury, E. Jette & D.J. Latham, 1982) [Report].
Species threats data recorded on the SPRAT database between 1999-2002 (Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPaC), 2012i) [Database].
The Asian fish tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, in Australian freshwater fishes. Marine and Freshwater Research. 48:181-183. (Dove, A.D.M., T.H. Cribb, S.P. Mockler & M. Lintermans , 1997) [Journal].
Prevention and control of fish diseases in the Murray-Darling Basin. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Native Fish Management, Canberra. Page(s) 163-173. (Langdon, J.S., 1989a) [Proceedings].
|Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Predation, competition, habitat degradation and/or spread of pathogens by introduced species
|Macquaria australasica in Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) database (Department of the Environment and Heritage (DEH), 2006nv) [Internet].
|Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Presence of pathogens and resulting disease
Macquaria australasica in Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) database (Department of the Environment and Heritage (DEH), 2006nv) [Internet].
Prevention and control of fish diseases in the Murray-Darling Basin. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Native Fish Management, Canberra. Page(s) 163-173. (Langdon, J.S., 1989a) [Proceedings].
Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis, a new viral disease in redfin perch, Perca fluviatilis L., in Australia. Journal of Fish Diseases. 10:289-297. (Langdon, J.S. & J.D. Humphrey, 1987) [Journal].
|Invasive and Other Problematic Species and Genes:Problematic Native Species:Competition, grazing, predation and/or habitat degradation by rats
|Species threats data recorded on the SPRAT database between 1999-2002 (Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPaC), 2012i) [Database].
|Natural System Modifications:Dams and Water Management/Use:Alteration of hydrological regimes and water quality
|Macquaria australasica in Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) database (Department of the Environment and Heritage (DEH), 2006nv) [Internet].
|Natural System Modifications:Dams and Water Management/Use:Changes to hydrology including construction of dams/barriers
Macquaria australasica in Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) database (Department of the Environment and Heritage (DEH), 2006nv) [Internet].
Freshwater Fishes and Rivers of Australia Page(s) 61. (Lake, J.S., 1971) [Book].
|Pollution:Pollution:Changes to water and sediment flows leading to erosion, siltation and pollution
|Macquaria australasica in Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) database (Department of the Environment and Heritage (DEH), 2006nv) [Internet].
ACT Government (1999d). Macquarie Perch (Macquaria australasica): an endangered species. Action Plan No. 13. [Online]. Available from: http://www.environment.act.gov.au/cpr/conservation_and_ecological_communities/threatened_species_action_plans.
ACT Government (n.d.). Threatened Species and Communities of the ACT. Fact Sheet No. 13. Macquarie Perch (Macquaria australasica): An endangereed species. [Online]. Environment ACT. Available from: http://www.tams.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/58658/Macquarie_Perch.pdf.
Allen, G.R. (1989a). Freshwater Fishes of Australia. Brookvale, NSW: T.F.H. Publications.
Anonymous (1974). Endangered Native Fish. Freshwater Fisheries Newsletter. 7:9-15.
Appleford, P., T.A. Anderson & G.J. Gooley (1998). Reproductive cycle and gonadal development of Macquarie Perch, Cuvier (Percichthyidae), in L. Dartmouth and tributaries of the Murray-Darling Basin, Victoria, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research. 49:163-169.
Ashburner, L.D. (1970). Some aspects of fish diseases. Australian Society for Limnology Bulletin. 2:21-23.
Baumgartner, M.F. & N. Reynoldson (2007). Fish communities of the Nepean River in the vicinity of Pheasants Nest Weir. NSW Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Research Report Series 15.
Beumer, J.P., L.D. Ashburner, M.E. Burbury, E. Jette & D.J. Latham (1982). A checklist of the parasites of fishes from Australia and its adjacent Antarctic Territories. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, Institute of Parasitology Technical Communication No. 48.
Bio-Analysis Pty Ltd (2009). Illawarra Coal - Bulli Seam Operations Project - Aquatic Ecology Assessment. Illawrra Coal and BHP Billiton, eds. Bulli Seam Operations - Appendix D - Aquatic Ecology Assessment. EPBC Referral 2010/5350. Narara, NSW: Bio-Analysis Pty Ltd.
Broadhurst, B.T., B.C. Ebner & R.C. Clear (2012). A rock-ramp fishway expands nursery grounds of the endangered Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica). Australian Journal of Zoology. 60:91-100.
Broadhurst, B.T., B.C. Ebner, M. Lintermans, J.D. Thiem & R.C. Clear (2013). Jailbreak: a fishway releases the endangered Macquarie perch from confinement below an anthropogenic barrier. Marine & Freshwater Research. 64:900-08.
Brumley, A.R., A.K. Morison & J.R. Anderson (1987). Revision of the conservation status of several species of warmwater native fish after surveys of selected sites in northern Victoria (1982-1984). Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Technical Report Series. 33: 1-53.
Butcher, A.D. (1967). A changing aquatic fauna in a changing environment. IUCN Publications, New Series. 9:197-218.
Cadwallader, P.L. (1981). Past and present distributions and translocations of Macquarie Perch Macquaria australasica (Pisces: Percichthyidae), with particular reference to Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. 93:23-30.
Cadwallader, P.L. & A.K. Eden (1979). Observations of the food of the Macquarie Perch Macquaria australasica (Pisces: Percichthyidae), in Victoria. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 30:401-9.
Cadwallader, P.L. & J. Douglas (1986). Changing food habits of Macquarie Perch Macquaria australasica Cuvier (Pisces: Percichthyidae), during the initial filling phase of Lake Dartmouth, Victoria. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 37:647-657.
Cadwallader, P.L. & P.L. Rogan (1977). The Macquarie Perch, Macquaria australasica (Pisces: Percichthyidae) of Lake Eildon, Victoria. Australian Journal of Ecology. 2:409-418.
Cardno Ecology Lab (2014). Macquarie Perch (Macquaria australasica) caught during electrofioshing surveys in Cataract Creek and Ballambi Creek, New South Wales, between 2008 and 2012. Datasheet prepared for the Department of the Environment, Canberra. Cardno, St. Leonards, New South Wales.
Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPaC) (2011i). Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened fish. EPBC Act survey guidelines 6.4 . [Online]. EPBC Act policy statement. Canberra, ACT: DSEWPAC. Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/publications/threatened-fish.html.
Dove, A.D.M., T.H. Cribb, S.P. Mockler & M. Lintermans (1997). The Asian fish tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, in Australian freshwater fishes. Marine and Freshwater Research. 48:181-183.
Dufty, S. (1986). Genetic and morphological divergence between populations of Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica) east and west of the Great Dividing Range. Hons. Thesis. Kensington NSW: University of NSW. Unpublished.
Faulks, L.K., D.M. Gilligan & L.B. Beheregaray (2009). Evolution and maintenance of divergent lineages in an endangered freshwater fish, Macquaria australasica. In Press.
Gehrke, P.C., D.M. Gilligan, & M. Barwick (2001). Fish communities and migration in the Shoalhaven River- before construction of a fishway. Port Stephens: NSW Fisheries Office of Conservation.
Gilligan, D.M. (2005). Fish communities of the Murrumbidgee catchment: Status and trends. Final Report Series (No 75). NSW Department of Primary Industries.
Gilligan, D.M. (2005a). Fish communities of the Lower Murray-Darling catchment: Status and trends. Final report to the Lower Murray Darling Catchment Management Authority. Project No. MD005.03. NSW Department of Primary Industries.
Gooley, G. (1986). Culture methods for Macquarie perch at Dartmouth, Victoria. Australian Fisheries. 45(9):18-20.
Gooley, G.J. & G.L. McDonald (1988). Preliminary study on the hormone-induced spawning of Macquarie perch, Macquaria australasica (Cuvier) (Percichthyidae), from Lake Dartmouth, Victoria. Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Technical Report Series. 80: 1-13.
Harris, J.H. & S.J. Rowland (1996). Family Percichthyidae - Australian freshwater cods and basses. In: McDowall, R.M., ed. Freshwater Fishes of South-eastern Australia. Rev. ed:150-163. Chatswood, Sydney: Reed Books.
Ingram, B.A., C.G. Barlow, J.J. Burchmore, G.J. Gooley, S.J. Rowland & A.C. Sanger (1990). Threatened native freshwater fishes in Australia - some case histories. Journal of Fish Biology. 37:175-182.
Ingram, B.A., J.W. Douglas & M. Lintermans (2000). Threatened fishes of the world: Maccullochella macquariensis (Cuvier, 1829) (Percichthyidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes. 59:68.
Ingram, B.A., M.A. Rimmer & S.J. Rowland (1994). Induced spawning trials with captive Macquarie perch Macquaria australasica (Percichthyidae). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of NSW. 114(2):109-116.
Jackson, P.D. (1981). Trout introduced into south-eastern Australia: their interaction with native fishes. Victorian Naturalist. 98(1):18-23.
Koehn, J. (2005). Threats to Murray Cod. In: Lintermans, M. & B. Phillips, eds. Management of the Murray Cod in the Murray Darling Basin. Canberra: Murray Darling Basin Commission.
Koehn, J.D, T.J. Doeg, D.J. Harrington & G.A. Milledge (1995). The effects of the Dartmouth Dam on the aquatic fauna of the Mitta Mitta River. Melbourne: Murray-Darling Basin Commission.
Koehn, J.D. & A.K. Morison (1990). A review of the conservation status of native freshwater fish in Victoria. Victorian Naturalist. 107(1):13-25.
Koehn, J.D. & W.G. O'Connor (1990a). Threats to Victorian native freshwater fish. Victorian Naturalist. 107(1): 5-12.
Koster, W.M., D.R. Dawson, J.R. Morrongiello & D.A. Crook (2013). Spawning season movements of Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica) in the Yarra River, Victoria. Australian Journal of Zoology. 61:386-94.
Lake, J.S. (1971). Freshwater Fishes and Rivers of Australia. Page(s) 61. Melbourne: Thomas Nelson.
Lake, J.S. (1978). Australian Freshwater Fishes. Page(s) 160. Melbourne: Thomas Nelson.
Langdon, J.S. (1989a). Prevention and control of fish diseases in the Murray-Darling Basin. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Native Fish Management, Canberra. Page(s) 163-173. Canberra: Murray Darling Basin Commission.
Langdon, J.S. (1989b). Experimental transmission and pathogenicity of epizootic haematopoietic necrosis, a new viral disease in redfin perch Perca fluviatilis L. Journal of Fish Diseases. 12:295-310.
Langdon, J.S. & J.D. Humphrey (1987). Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis, a new viral disease in redfin perch, Perca fluviatilis L., in Australia. Journal of Fish Diseases. 10:289-297.
Lintermans, M. (2002). Fish in the upper Murrumbidgee catchment. A review of current knowledge. Page(s) 34-36. [Online]. Environment ACT. Available from: http://www.environment.act.gov.au/airandwater/fishintheuppermurrumbidgeecatchment.html.
Lintermans, M. (2006). Threatened fish in mountain streams: out of sight, out of mind. In: Proceedings of the NPA ACT Symposium: Caring for Namadgi: Science and People: Canberra, 5-7 May 2006. Woden: National Parks Association of the ACT Inc.
Lintermans, M. (2008). The Status of Macquarie perch Macquaria australasica in the Mongarlowe River in 2007 and 2008. Consultants report to the Friends of the Mongarlowe River Inc, Canberra. Canberra.
Lintermans, M. (2009). Personal Communication.
McDowall, R.M. ed (1996). Freshwater Fishes of South-Eastern Australia rev. edn. Chatswood, NSW: Reed Books.
Merrick, J.R. & G.E. Schmida (1984). Australian Freshwater Fishes - Biology and Management. Netley, South Australia: Griffin Press.
NSW Department of Primary Industries (2005). Threatened fish and marine vegetation: NSW Department of Primary Industries: Macquarie Perch. [Online]. Available from: http://pas.dpi.nsw.gov.au/Species/Species_Profile.aspx?SpeciesListingID=16.
NSW Department of Primary Industries (NSW DPI) (2008a). Rare fish spotted for the first time in over 100 years. Media release, viewed 22 December 2009. [Online]. Available from: http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/260409/Rare-fish-spotted-for-the-first-time-in-over-100-years.pdf.
Robinson, S.E. (1981). The effect of the parasitic copepod Lernaea cyprinacea on the survival and condition of fish stocked in an urban impoundment. Australian Society for Fish Biology Newsletter. 11(2):22.
Ryan, T., J. O'Connor, J. Lyon, R. Lennie & J. Lieschke (2003). Fish fauna and aquatic habitat in the Yarra River and potential impact of the Henley Golf Course development. Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Sustainability & Environment.
Schiller, C.B., A.M. Bruce & P.C. Gehrke (1997). Distribution and abundance of native fish in New South Wales rivers. In: Harris, J.H. & P.C. Gehrke, eds. Fish and Rivers in Stress - the NSW Rivers Survey. Page(s) 71-102. Cronulla: NSW Office Cons. & CRC Freshwater Ecology.
Trueman, W.T. (2007). Some Recollections of Native Fish in the Murray-Darling system with special reference to the Trout Cod Maccullochella macquariensis. Prepared as an interim report for Native Fish Australia (Victoria) Incorporated.
Wager, R. & P. Jackson (1993). The Action Plan For Australian Freshwater Fishes. Canberra, ACT: Australian Nature Conservation Agency.
Wharton, J.C.F. (1973). Spawning, induction, artificial fertilization and pond culture of the Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica [Cuvier 1830]). Australian Society of Limnology Bulletin. 5:43-65.
EPBC Act email updates can be received via the Communities for Communities newsletter and the EPBC Act newsletter.
This database is designed to provide statutory, biological and ecological information on species and ecological communities, migratory species, marine species, and species and species products subject to international trade and commercial use protected under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (the EPBC Act). It has been compiled from a range of sources including listing advice, recovery plans, published literature and individual experts. While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the information, no guarantee is given, nor responsibility taken, by the Commonwealth for its accuracy, currency or completeness. The Commonwealth does not accept any responsibility for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the use of, or reliance on, the information contained in this database. The information contained in this database does not necessarily represent the views of the Commonwealth. This database is not intended to be a complete source of information on the matters it deals with. Individuals and organisations should consider all the available information, including that available from other sources, in deciding whether there is a need to make a referral or apply for a permit or exemption under the EPBC Act.
Citation: Department of the Environment (2014). Macquaria australasica in Species Profile and Threats Database, Department of the Environment, Canberra. Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/sprat. Accessed Sun, 21 Sep 2014 07:08:32 +1000.


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Tom Zeng
Director of Engineering
Tom is passionate about leading edge technologies, he enjoys building awesome applications with the talented people at Intridea. He had many years of experience with building enterprise applications using Java. His current favorite tools are Ruby and Rails, CoffeeScript, and MongoDB, and he still enjoys using Java with JRuby. His other interests include Big Data and Machine Learning.
Prior to Intridea, Tom worked as the Lead Software Architect for a leading corporate GPS fleet tracking company. Tom also had experiences in developing enterprise applications in corporate risk management, context aware computing, business-to-business ecommerce, banking and finance with companies such as iJET Inteilligent Systems, Unwired Express, Spaceworks, Ironside Technologies, and Footprint Software/IBM Canada.
Tom holds a M.A.Sc in Management Sciences from the University of Waterloo, and a B.A.Sc from Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
Tom currently resides in Ellicott City, Maryland with his wife and two sons. He enjoys rollerblading and biking on Maryland's beautiful bike trails.

subset: commoncrawl


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Moisture Meter. Tramex's MRH III noninvasive moisture meter measures the moisture content of most building materials, including wood, concrete, masonry, plaster, and drywall. It can take readings more than an inch deep. An optional pin probe plugs into the device for highly accurate readings in different species of wood. An optional thermo-hygrometer is also available, for building-inspection purposes. The base price of the meter is $510. Tramex, 303/972-7926. www.tramexltd.com
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This rotary hammer bit is designed to quickly remove mortar from vertical joints...
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London - A man has been captured on Google Street View apparently climbing into the boot of his car while naked, The Telegraph reported Friday.
The picture shows a nude man in the boot of a Mercedes which is parked on the driveway of a house in Mannheim, southwest Germany.
A dog lies nearby surrounded by the contents of the sports car's boot.
The image has prompted a rash of internet speculation over what activity the man could be involved in.
One internet user told the CNET website he thought it was just "an illusion" with the man wearing tight skin-coloured shorts while fixing his brake light.
Google has removed the image from Street View, which only went live in Germany at the beginning of the month.


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Register today for the 2014 SACAC Golf Tournament! Continue to the article for more information and registration.
Russell says, Summer is here and here's a few things to remember to stay safe outside. Drink 5 glasses of water a day to stay hydrated. I like big crunchy ice cubes in my water bowl. Try and stay in the shade and wear plenty of sun screen.
If you're going to be hanging out at the pool this summer keep in mind the ABC's of water safety.
A: Adult supervision at all times.
B: Have a barrier surrounding your pool.
C: Swimming and CPR classes so you're always prepared.
Stay safe.
Russell signing off. WOOF.
Donate your Fall and Winter Clothing, Home Décor, Housewares and Small Kitchen Electrics to Savers for a Worthy Cause– Today!
All donations benefit Southern AZ. Children's Advocacy Center.
Savers especially needs: Clothing for the Family-
Jeans, Long Sleeve Shirts, Sweaters, Coats, Active Sportswear,
Scarves, Hats, Gloves/Mittens. Shoes & Boots for the Family.
Also needed are Bed and Bath Linens, Home Décor, Housewares and Small Electrics.
By donating, you're helping to keep quality reusable items from being needlessly discarded …for a greener planet!
CAC wants to give a HUGE THANK YOU to the Tucson Ladies Council, which raised more than $31,000 for the Center at its recent Bags and Bellini event at La Encantada!
Jordan Clifton, a journalism student, recently toured CAC and wrote a great article about the organization, its mission and what it means to the community. Check out the Arizona Sonora News Service article here.
We'd like to thank Business Owners and Managers Association (BOMA) of Greater Tucson for the opportunity to speak to them about our mission and ways to help. Many of their members are already great supporters of CAC and now many more who are interested in helping us help the abused children of Southern Arizona. What a great group of professionals – THANK YOU!
The latest news from SACAC!
Congratulations to our Director, Karen Harper, who received an award for the Outstanding Advocate of the year. In a ceremony on Tuesday, April 8, the Pima County Attorney's Office- Victim Services Division, announced Karen as the recipient of this prestigious award. This is awarded to someone who has gone above and beyond the call of duty to fight for victim's rights. As Director, Karen has worked many nights and weekends to ensure that child abuse victims and their families are protected and supported through the difficult process.
Hi Kids,
Since it is warmer now and we are all playing outside more often Russell wants you to think about staying in the SAFETY ZONE.......
These are the best times to be outside with your friends and families. The indoor games and videos are for when it's too cold to go out - Right ?
When playing in the yard, or in the park don't forget to look out for cars and bikes. Look both ways and don't run in the street for a ball or toy. I had to learn this too !! Woof !!
Emme is a hard working, generous, and imaginative teenage. For a school project she turned ordinary pencils into ice creme cones and sold them at school. With the $109 proceeds, she bought snacks, drinks, socks and underwear for the children who come to the Center in times of crisis. She is an Angel in the making. Thanks from all the kids who will benefit from your good works.
Register today for the 2nd Annual SACAC Golf Tournament!
The Southern Arizona Children's Advocacy Center is a registered 501(c)(3) public charity.
The mission of the Southern Arizona Children's Advocacy Center is to protect and support children through a coordinated response to child maltreatment that includes intervention, assessment, and prevention.
We have many amazing donors that allow us to achieve our mission.
Special thanks to:
Tohono O'odham - $15,000
Tucson Electric Power Company - $6,500
In n Out Burger - $10,000
Jewish Community Foundation - $5,000
Cox Cable - $6,000
Enterprise Holdings - $1,500
Southern Arizona Children's Advocacy Center • 2329 East Ajo Way • Tucson, AZ 85713 • Phone: (520) 243-6420 • Fax: (520) 243-6422


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Blue Lace Skirt
Shortly after I learned how to sew, my sister-in-law handed me a stack of blue fabric and asked me to turn it into something for their daughter. The fabric held a special meaning because it was used in their wedding. So, I decided to turn it into a skirt.
I wanted the skirt to have fullness so I purchased a soft tulle fabric to add layers inside the skirt. I didn't want the tulle to irritate her waist so I made a short panel out of the blue fabric to attach the tulle to. This way, all of the fabric gathered at her waist would be the silky, smooth fabric.
I added a lace trim to finish the hem of the skirt.
The two layers were sewed together before the gathered tulle was attached to the short panel.
Add an elastic waistband and voila!
Organizing A Craft Room: Inspiration
Built In Shelving With A Pop Of Color
Embroidery Hoop Storage Pockets
Fabric Scrap Storage In A Cute Bowl
Store Fabric In A Vintage Suitcase
Owl Crinkle Toy Refashion
It's soft, it crinkles, and part of it is made from an old T Shirt. My love for owls is growing so it was only a matter of time before I created an owl softie toy. To create this owl, I had my handy, dandy husband draft up a template for me to trace, based on my sketch. The light blue material was cut from an old T Shirt (I love a good refashion). Instead of sewing the wings down to the body, I kept the inside edge loose so that little hands could be slipped into the "pockets" that are created by the wings. I used a soft, fleece fabric for the outside of the wings to give a nice tactile feel. There is a contrasting fabric on the inside of the wings and backside of the owl. I chose to create the nose and eyes out of felt (instead of buttons or googly eyes) to avoid choking hazards. Lastly, babies LOVE anything that crinkles. So, I cut up a diaper wipes bag and plastic cereal liner to add the crinkle affect. For the stuffing, I used a loose fill for the owl body and a batting liner for the wings.
And when we are done with the toy… It gets the touchdown football slam!
Reusable Sandwich Bag
I hate the idea of using wasteful plastic baggies everyday for lunches so I decided to make my own reusable sandwich bag! I did not want any plastic involved in these bags so I decided to use unbleached muslin as the basis.
At first my husband had some concerns about using these bags:
Question: "Um, won't it get all gross since it's not plastic?"
Answer: "Nope. There are lots of things that can go in these bags that are not liquid based - sandwiches, chips, carrots, etc. And they are washable. If the bag gets a little mayo on it, just throw it in the wash."
Question: "It's a breathable fabric. Isn't the bread going to get stale."
Answer: "Yikes, I hadn't thought about that. Let's try it out and see what happens."
Well, we tested the bag and it worked great. The reusable bag was kept inside of his larger lunch bag and the sandwich stayed nice and fresh.
I made this bag a generous size so that we could get a nice sized, full flavor sandwich into it. I plan on making smaller versions for snack packs.
Small piece of sturdy, unbleached muslin (approximately "8 x 16.5")
Orange thread
White thread
Orange & green embroidery floss
7" strip of 3/4" wide sew-on velcro
Embroidery needle
Sewing machine
Cut 2 rectangles from the muslin - (1) 8" x 7 1/2" & (1) 8" x 9".
Press both pieces.
Take the smaller rectangle and zig-zag stitch (or serge) one end with white thread.
Next, take that same edge and fold over (towards the wrong side) to create a 1/2" hem.
Press and stitch to hem with white thread.
Take this rectangular piece and sketch a design on the right side of the fabric with pencil or removable marking pen. The hemmed edge will be the top side.
Hand embroider the design. For the carrot design I used 3 strands of floss to outline the carrot and 2 strands for the detail work inside the carrot, along with the roots and stems. To create a continuous line I used a back stitch.
Once the embroidery is complete, lay the 2 pieces of muslin, wrong side together, aligning the bottom edge. The hemmed edge is the top edge.
Align the velcro so that the 2 pieces will lock together once the top flap has been folded over. Mark, pin, and sew velcro to both pieces of fabric with white thread. The velcro should fit on the right side of the embroidered piece and the wrong side of the back piece.
Now, align the two pieces wrong side together, once again, and pin.
Top stitch using a zig-zag stitch around all 4 sides with the orange thread.
Voila! You are Done!
Refashion Round-Up
In honor of my first refashion post last week, I thought I would share some of my favorite refashion tutorials from other bloggers!
Made By Lex Button Up Refashion
Madison Avenue Dress Refashion
Ruffles and Roses Crafts T Refashion
Nightgown to Scarf Refashion
This is my first refashion ever! I am happy to join the bandwagon! I had a nightgown that I received as a wedding gift years ago. It was very comfortable, but not a particularly good pattern for such an item. So, I decided to give it a better life! As a scarf, it is an excellent pattern!
This project was a lot of trial and error and a lot of lessons learned. Typically with an infinity scarf you are working with lengths of 60" fabric. I had very few large pieces of fabric to work with so I had to do a bit of patchwork. Instead of creating a traditional infinity scarf with one large loop that is wrapped around the neck several times, I decided to make one short loop that was extra wide to give a similar bunching affect. I chose an off white satin material for the back.
Here is a great tutorial for creating infinity scarves.
Below are my Before and After Shots …
Duvet Cover
Photo by Jamie Beck of FromMeToYou
Last year I was searching for a duvet cover for our guest bedroom and came to realize that I was not going to find what I wanted on the budget I had. So, I thought to myself, why not make one! I had just learned how to sew a few months before this. In fact, I believe this was my second sewing project. So, it is definitely something that any beginner can accomplish. The most difficult part is working with so much fabric. I ended up folding all of the fabric in my lap so that it would slowly unfold as I fed it through the machine. The pattern came from Lotta Jansdotter's Simple Sewing book. I highly recommend this book and I plan on doing a full review of this book in the near future.


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I am a photographer, a cook, and a bartending people-watcher. I grow things and love music. I also have a grand idea of how to combine all these things. Oh yes, and I love turtles and my cats. I have a fascination with my fish tanks and my plants make me happy. I believe in the fire and spark of life in everything and if you stick to that core there is really nothing else left to debate and argue over.
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NSFW blog dedicated to all that is turns me on . . . 18+ is required for viewing as there may be nude and graphic representation of naked, semi-naked, and clothed persons that may be engaged in sexual behavour and circumstances.
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Bob Vergara / Sniscak Productions, Inc.
Best supporting actress for "Rachel Getting Married
Versatile young TV actress Rosemarie DeWitt is making her first major mark on the big screen as the titular bride-to-be confronted with some big sibling issues (her sister, played by Anne Hathaway, is off the wall) in the critically acclaimed Rachel Getting Married. Her heartfelt performance is generating sizzling buzz for a nominationshes already racked up a Gotham nod for breakthrough actress. She could also get an added boost from her role on Showtimes much-anticipated series The United States of Tara, written by Diablo Cody and produced by Steven Spielberg, which debuts Jan. 18.
Age on nomination day: 34
Did you know? DeWitts grandfather was James J. Braddock, who became the heavyweight boxing champion of the world during the depths of the Great Depression. In Cinderella Man (2005), the recent film that chronicled his life, DeWitt played the role of Sara Wilson, his neighbor.
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Next week Gordon Ramsay brings his show "Kitchen Nightmares" to Atlanta. The show, known for "fixing" restaurants with culinary catastrophes, will target two Atlanta restaurants and you have a chance to be there when it all goes down.
The first episode will be taped at Michon's in College Park on Sept.5-8th. If you are interested in dining at the restaurant during taping, email email@example.com for a reservation. All reservations during this time period will be handled by the show's producers. Reservation emails will receive an automated response with a short survey to help the "Kitchen Nightmares" staff understand the restaurant's community and customer base. The producers encourage first-time diners to attend.
The second episode will film at a soon-to-be-announced Inman Park location on Sept. 9-12. If you are interested in dining at this restaurant, email firstname.lastname@example.com for a reservation.
Diners will be responsible for the cost of their own meals and beverages. They will be on camera at all times and may be interviewed by Chef Ramsay about their dining experience.
–by Jenny Turknett, Food & More blog
– Jenny Turknett writes about Southern and Neighborhood Fare for the AJC Dining Team.


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ROCHESTER, Minn. (FOX 47) -- As you have witnessed and are no doubt feeling, Friday is a very tragic day, and not just for those in Newtown, Connecticut.
It is difficult for any of us to comprehend the events of Friday morning, so trying to explain it to our young children is even more of a challenge. The mental anguish for children sitting at home with their parents watching this all unfold is unimaginable.
It is a difficult conversation to have with a child, how to deal with the emotions following a tragedy such as this. Whether they were there at the time or just watching it on the news, everyone is affected by this one way or the other. The important thing to keep in mind is that kids will have questions and starting the conversation is crucial.
"If the parents start talking about it, that tells the kids it's OK to talk about it," said licensed marriage and family therapist David Jamison of the Marriage and Family Wellness Center in Rochester. "If the parents don't talk about it, that sets up a 'don't talk' rule and then the kids won't talk about it with mom and dad. So, if mom and dad introduce it, then that says to the kids it's OK to talk about it."
Parents may have a hard time dealing with a shooting like this as well and it is important for them to deal with their feelings as well as the feelings of their children.
Click here for resources for parents on helping kids cope with tragedy.
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Sean Kilcarr comments on trends affecting the many different strata of the trucking industry.. Check back often for Sean's take on the trucking industry, in his award-winning blog, Trucks at Work.


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Design & Arts Events in the Bay Area
Originally published on California Home + Design
There's tons going on in the design world this week:
Plastic is typically associated with items that don't have much esthetic, like bags, water bottles, and Tupperware. But, in earlier years, plastic was a sought-after material used to make many exquisite housewares and furnishings. The SFO Museum is currently hosting an exhibit of "Classic Plastics" from the 1870s to the 1970s. In the last century, man-made plastics began taking the place of ivory, tortoiseshell, wood, and shellac, and started to be incorporated into everyday life. Items like record players, mid-century furniture, unbreakable dinnerware, and jewelry are now on display at the SFO Museum exhibit. Runs through January 2014, San Francisco Airport International Terminal Main Hall.
"Composition #2 after Caravaggio" by Charley Brown. Courtesy of Dolby Chadwick Gallery.
Charley Brown's bold abstract paintings are a sharp departure from his earlier work. Up until now, Brown had been a figurative painter. His provocative new body of work, titledDivergence, can now be seen at San Francisco's Dolby Chadwick Gallery. While abstract, Brown's high-contrast paintings are still reminiscent of figurative objects, such as tree branches and architectural structures. Opens July 11 and runs through August 31, opening reception July 11, 5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m., 210 Post Street, Ste. 205.
The Big Drink 2014: 50 Cocktails to Try Before You Die
The Big Eat 2014: 100 Things to Try Before You Die
The 2012 Big To-Do SF: 100 Things To Do Before You Die
The Big Veg 2011: 50 Vegetarian (Or Vegan) Things to Eat Before You Die
The Big Sweet SF: 50 Treats to Eat Before You Die
50 Things to Do in Wine Country Before You Die


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Fitness & Exercise
Feel the Post-Workout Burn -- Less
Supplemental Information continued...
And, in fact, there is already one animal study that shows that, on it's own, elevated HSP may not make much of a difference at all. In preliminary research presented at the ACSM conference in May, doctors from Georgia State University in Atlanta used heat to increase production of HSP in mice. While they clearly documented elevations in HSP, it did not appear to protect the mice against exercise induced injury - or speed their recovery afterwards.
Although the company who makes PrePair provided WebMD with toxicity studies on mice showing the supplement was proven safe, and says thousands of products sold have yielded no reports of adverse effects, Gotlin believes this is not enough proof to offer a blanket guarantee of safety to all fitness buffs who use it.
"I would need large-scale human trials before I would take this supplement, or recommend it," says Gotlin.
Talbott is more certain of the safety aspect and says he would recommend the product. However, he tells WebMD, "I'm just not sure if raising heat shock proteins has been proven to make a significant difference in our fitness activities."
Related to Nutrition & Fitness
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Reader Comments (Page 1 of 1)
Actually you can only make 4 cloth every 80 hours. So it's currently 160 hr (minimum) cooldown to make 8 cloth. Quite comparable to 168. I'm not sure why they're doing that to the bags though. The removal of the cloth cooldowns will let people make the other crafted items that require special cloth a lot easier. Why must the bags still be hard to create?


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Andre Johnson Trade to Dolphins Makes the Most Sense
Reports indicate four teams could be looking to trade for Houston Texans wide receiver Andre Johnson . Could the Miami Dolphins be the early leaders?.....
Inside Koa Misi's Transition To MLB
Dolphins LB Koa Misi sits down with Greg Likens of The Finsiders for an in-depth interview about his transition from outside linebacker to middle linebacker heading into 2014...
Dolphins' Biggest Key to Success
The key to success for any NFL franchise is the quarterback position -- and that could not be any more fitting for the Miami Dolphins ...
Jarvis Landry on New Dolphins Role, Moving to Miami, NFL Adjustments
Can Joe Philbin Be a Successful Head Coach for the Miami Dolphins?
After another disappointing season, many will be left wondering: is Joe Philbin head coach material? Find out here.....
Cortland Finnegan Aiming to Regain Edge
DAVIE, Fla. -- New Miami Dolphins cornerback Cortland Finnegan stayed on the field for more than 20 minutes after the conclusion of a June practice...
Dolphins Announce Public Practice Schedule for 2014 Training Camp
The Miami Dolphins will begin their preparations for the 2014 NFL season, announcing the team will get "Back to Football Powered by South Florida Ford," as the first ...
Miami Dolphins: Recapping the Latest Buzz Heading into Training Camp
While rumors and news around Miami has been a constant the last week and a half, the Miami Dolphins seem to be a bit overlooked...
Look for Mike Wallace to Return to Form in 2014
The Miami Dolphins made a big splash last year when they signed Mike Wallace away from the Pittsburgh Steelers . Unfortunately he was wildly inconsistent on the field...
US Soccer's Alejandro Bedoya Visits Dolphins Camp
The Miami Dolphins Twitter account released images of United States national soccer player and St. Thomas Aquinas graduate Alejandro Bedoya touring the team's Davie training facility and meeting defensive lineman A...
Don Shula's Game Plans from the Miami Dolphins' 1972 Perfect Season
The perfect season almost ended with the perfect score: 17-0, just like the 1972 Dolphins ' final record. Late in Super Bowl VII against Washington , with his team holding a 14-0 ...
Ryan Tannehill Addresses Jordan Suspension, Says Nothing
The headline in the South Florida Sun-Sentinel proclaims that "Tannehill speaks on Jordan." Technically, that's accurate...
Tannehill's Football Camp Leaves Impact on Youth
Pembroke Pines When Trayvon Jones learned he would be attending the Citi Ryan Tannehill Football ProCamp, he was so excited that he jumped off the couch and earned a few bruises...
Ranking Miami Dolphins' Top 5 Sleepers to Watch in Camp
With training camp quickly approaching for the Miami Dolphins , there are a number of sleepers that aren't getting talked about much but still are players that fans should be keeping a close eye on throughout the summer...
NFL.com: What Must Ryan Tannehill Do to Take the Next Step in 2014?
Jeff Darlington from NFL .com asks Jordan Babineaux and Curtis Conway what must happen for Ryan Tannehill to become the franchise quarterback the Miami Dolphins need.....
Binns Continues to Be a Player Worth Watching
Full Breakdown of Miami Dolphins Secondary Ahead of Training Camp
The Miami Dolphins ' secondary will feature one of the more intense positional battles in the NFL during training camp...
Ryan Tannehill Sees Greatness in the Dolphins' Offensive Line
The Dolphins ' offensive line was a mess last year, both on and off the field. This year the line has been overhauled, and Dolphins quarterback Ryan Tannehill likes what he sees...
Debate: What Will Be Dolphins' Fiercest Camp Battle?
ESPN QB Rankings Show Jury Still out on Ryan Tannehill
Miami Dolphins Defensive Position-by-Position Breakdown and Depth Chart Analysis
NFL training camps are just a few weeks from getting underway and already the Miami Dolphins have been dealt a major blow on defense...
6 Dark Horse Candidates to Make Miami Dolphins' Final 53-Man Roster
I am pleased to give you the news that all of Miami has been waiting all weekend for: the six dark horse candidates to make the Miami Dolphins ' final roster! In the coming weeks ...
Ban Casts Doubt on Jordan's Miami Future
Dolphins Can't Seem to Escape Bad Publicity
What's Next for the Dolphins After Dion Jordan Suspension?
By just about any objective measure, the Miami Dolphins ' 2014 offseason has been sort of a mess. Free-agent acquisition Knowshon Moreno showed up out of shape and had to ...


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Football Betting
Up To £30 Free Matched Bet
Craig Brown was left "mystified" after Aberdeen's Scottish Cup campaign ended with defeat to Hibernian at Easter Road.
Gary Deegan's goal booked a quarter-final date with Kilmarnock for Hibs, but Aberdeen will wonder how a late siege failed to yield a goal.
Ben Williams pulled off save after save, none more impressive than the one which kept out Scott Vernon's penalty.
Brown's side have now scored just once in four games, and the manager said: "I'm quite mystified as to why we're not still in the cup.
"The team played with enthusiasm and fought to the bitter end. We didn't deserve to lose the game but we're not scoring.
"You can't get better chances than a penalty kick. I don't think Scott Vernon has missed a penalty kick before."


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Neuro-Oncology Research and Education Resources
The Society for Neuro-Oncology is a multidisciplinary organization dedicated to promoting advances in neuro-oncology through research and education. In this section you will find the following resources:
- International Outreach
- Grants
- Literature & Book Review
- Careers
- Organization Directory
- Links
- Patient Resources
Membership levels include:
- Active (for those with doctorate-level degrees)
- Associate (for those involved in neuro-oncology research, treatment or support, without a doctorate-level degree)
- Trainee (for those with or without doctorate-level degrees, in fellowship, post-doctoral or other educational positions, below faculty level)
- Emeritus (for members of SNO in good standing who are 65 years of age or older, or by special dispensation of the membership committee)
Requirements for membership are contained in the Society Bylaws.
For more information, complete this form:
Support SNO in its mission to advance neuro-oncology research and education. Give today!Levels of Support
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The Department of Mathematics & Statistics is committed to exemplary teaching, learning, scholarship and service. Our courses are designed to provide every student with the technical background they will need, and to inculcate a love for the 'veritas' of logical thought and elegant reasoning. We specifically aim that our mathematics graduates can formalize, define, analyze, prove and communicate mathematical skills.
Department of Mathematics & Statistics
SAC Room 305, Villanova University
800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085
Tel: 610.519.4850 / Fax: 610.519.6928
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Chair: Dr. Douglas Norton
Staff: Marie O'Brien, 610.519.4809
Lorraine McGraw, 610.519.4850


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We think it's time to make an introduction. World, meet Timpa Mesh: the sheer sister to our favorite lace demi silhouette has the exact same perfect stretch-va-voom shape as the classic (and best selling favorite) Timpa Duet Lace Demi bra, but in pared down, subtle, and super-natural mesh. We'll let you two get to know each other (we think you'll be fabulous friends).
Wear With
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- Band runs small
- We recommend going up in the band size while keeping your cup size the same
- Good for petites
- Bra Sizing - Euro
- Medium Support


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What it is
Keep your little bunny's Easter outfit tidy during dinner with this sweet appliqued bib. Perfect for baby boys or girls, this soft accessory coordinates with our huggable Baby's First Bunny.
- On bib: Baby's 1st Easter
- Cloth bib with applique.
- 8.25" W x 9" H x 0.25" D
- Coordinates with Baby's First Bunny, sold separately.
Our service and delivery
- We'll send you an email letting you know your order has been shipped by FedEx Ground. Your email will include tracking information.
- If you need your order delivered quickly, Hallmark can send it via FedEx 2-Day Air or FedEx Standard Overnight for an additional charge.
- FedEx does not deliver to post office (PO) boxes, U.S. territories or Overseas Military Mail (APO/FPO) addresses.
- Saturday delivery and Priority Overnight options are not available from FedEx.
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RANKED #12 In Real Estate In US - Inc. Magazine, 2012
RANKED #12 In Real Estate In US - Inc. Magazine, 2012
JWB Real Estate Capital sells turnkey rental properties to clients who want to build passive income portfolios. Since 2006, JWB has purchased over 1,000 properties and currently serves over 300 clients located in 33 states and 10 countries. JWB offers a passive approach to owning rental properties through a vertically integrating business model with in-house construction and property management services. Our clients choose to invest with JWB in order to earn consistent cash flows and to experience a peace of mind that rarely comes with owning rental property.
JWB has been purchasing homes for nearly a decade and only provides investments in specific cash flow neighborhoods in Jacksonville, Florida. Depending on the type of purchase, our clients can expect cash-on-cash returns between 6-12%. Since 2006, our clients have invested a total of $10,358,571.55 in 284 rental properties and have earned a lifetime return on investment of 11.11%.
JWB chooses to invest only in Jacksonville, FL because we believe it is the best real estate market in the country. When analyzing real estate markets, our clients initially look for 2 things: low prices and high rents. Jacksonville median home prices are below the national average but the real estate market also enjoys average rents that are above the national average. This provides a sweet spot for cash flow properties.
JWB Real Estate Capital is a privately owned and operated company headquartered in Jacksonville, Florida. We are a small team that takes pride in our core values, and treat eachother and our clients as family. Driven by achievements, we have been honored by Inc. 500 as the #12 fastest growing real estate companies in the United States, and most recently ranked the #18 Best Place to Work in Jacksonville, Florida by the Jacksonville Business Journal. In late 2013, JWB was featured on the front page of the Wall Street Journal for pioneering the built-to-rent strategy. For more information on our team and investments call our office at (904) 677-6777.


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Try our Advanced Book Search
Advanced Book Search
Search books by title, genre, publication month, publication year, and rating or search by any combination of these options (i.e. all Mysteries published in January 2001 with 4.5 rating).
If you want to search for a name or phase, include quotation marks around your search term (example: "Deborah Smith")
Visitor login is required to post a review and comment on the blog and other interactive features on the site. Use your same username and password to register for the RT Forums.
Genre: Erotic Romance, E-book
Leatherwood's story of dramatically different people drawn into a highly unusual courtship satisfies. You'll enjoy their chemistry and stubbornness as the push-me-pull-you relationship keeps them teetering on the fine edge of love.
When tragedy strikes Shelly Miller she turns to the man she pushed away two years before with a series of hang-up phone calls and booty calls designed to keep him at bay.
Ray Costas has never forgotten any of his time with Shelly, including the way it ended, but when she calls him, he can't say no. They start to fall back into their old habits, but this time Ray has decided that he and Shelly are going to either stay together or move on permanently. (ASPENMOUNTAINPRESS.COM, dl $4.50)
Reviewed By: Sabrina Cooper
Publisher: ASPENMOUNTAINPRESS.COM
Published: November 2011


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Next, you'll be asked to connect with Twitter. Rest assured, we will never send a tweet from your account
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Had so much fun with the first session! Thank you all that attended! 10 tools for Google docs and teachers #tcca2013
Cool Tools for Tech Savvy Schools - ThingLink
jf20 - More Cool Tools
Looking forward to Discussing "10 Greatest Tools for Teachers in Google Docs"
RT @friEdTechnology: Venture into your Google Doc settings to enable the New Sheets now! Here's how . . .
Even better you can share it with students just like you share a Google doc! #googleEDU #SXSWedu
A wonderful resource for teachers called Dynamic Paper. Need a pentagonal pyramid that's six inches tall? Or a...
RT @kswilburn: A student changed browser names on a teacher's laptop. Funny stuff! #google
RT @jlocke25: Teacher Academy! Learning stuff 😀@BH_InstTech @BHISDTechnology @abrooks
See what's Trending Now for @abrooks
Follow @abrooks on Twitter


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997 St. Sebastian WayAugusta, GA 30912706-721-6597
1446 Harper StreetAugusta, GA 30912706-721-5437 (KIDS)
1003 Chafee Ave.Augusta, GA 30912 706-721-2426
1447 Harper StreetAugusta, GA 30912-5536706-721-CARE (2273)
1120 15th StreetAugusta, GA 30912706-721-2273 (CARE)
1411 Laney Walker Blvd.Augusta, GA 30912706-721-6744
1430 John Wesley Gilbert DriveAugusta, GA 30912706-721-2696
821 St. Sebastian WayAugusta, GA 30912706-721-2971
1220 West Wheeler PkwyAugusta, GA 30909
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disease characterized by an abnormality in the body's salt, water- and mucus-making cells. While it is a chronic, progressive disease improved treatments have significantly extended life expectancy. Most people with CF live into their late 30s, and many even into their 50s or longer. Some CF patients now live into their 70's.
Children with CF have an abnormality in the function of a cell protein called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR). CFTR controls the flow of water and certain salts in and out of the body's cells. As the movement of salt and water in and out of cells is altered, mucus becomes thickened. The thickened mucus can affect many organs and body systems including:
Respiratory. This includes sinuses and lungs.
Digestive. This includes pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and intestines.
Reproductive. Both men and women may experience reproductive problems
Sweat glands
About 30,000 people in the U.S. are affected with the disease. It occurs mainly in whites who have a northern European heredity, although it also occurs in Hispanics, African-Americans, Asian Americans, and American Indians.
More than 10 million people in the U.S. are carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene. These people are not affected by the disease, and usually do not know that they are carriers.
Hours: Mon-Fri 7:30am-5:30pmMore contact info
Georgia Regents Medical Center 1120 15th Street Augusta, GA 30912-5563
Affiliated with Georgia Regents University


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Fog is a flyers worst nightmare.
Julie Curry "I'm supposed to be home," says Julie Curry.
But as flights are delayed and canceled, she doesn't know when that's going to happen.
"It's very frustrating, this is my first Thanksgiving with my new husband and I may not be there. Does anyone want to be stuck in an airport?" says Curry.
Robin Shear waited five hours for his daughter's flight to arrive. "We were here around 10:00 and she wasn't here and she's coming in now, we THINK at about 2:50."
Whether coming or going, the fog was a nuisance for most travelers.
"I saw it was foggy here and I talked to my wife and she said she couldn't even see across the street so I knew it was going to be bad," says traveler, Justin Edenfield.
The fog lingered for awhile, setting a domino affect on flights for the whole day.
"We have not seen fog like this in quite some time and it's very unusual for fog to last as long as it did," says Julie Curtis, spokesperson for South Bend Airport.
It's busy enough at South Bend Airport before Thanksgiving and Curtis says they see about 2,500 passengers. "The weather unfortunately was not at it's best on the busiest travel day."
But for Rebecca Oswalt, the fog hasn't been too bad. Her delayed flight caused her to miss one of her connecting flights. So the airport got her on a new one and now she will arrive in North
"I'm pretty happy about it, it's less travel time and a whole lot less hassle," says Oswalt.
Not everyone was as lucky, but most said as long as they get to their destination by the holiday, they will be happy.
Because fog covered most of the region, Curtis expects delays for awhile. She says contact the airport for your flight schedule if you're traveling.
WSJV-TV FOX 2858096 County Road 7, SouthElkhart, IN 46517
Switchboard: 574.679.9758News Phone: 574.679.4545Station Fax: 574.294.1267Email: email@example.com