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Popular Science Monthly/Volume 24/April 1884/Popular Miscellany
|←Literary Notices
|Popular Science Monthly Volume 24 April 1884 (1884)
Popular Miscellany
Durability of Building Stones.—Dr. Alexis A. Julien has made examinations of buildings of various ages, and of tombstones in some of the older grave-yards around New York city, to assist in determining the durability of the various stones used in building. The coarse brown-stone, which is largely employed, appears to be one of the most perishable materials in use, so that many builders are returning to brick, although the finer varieties of brown-stone are better and compare favorably with other materials. Among the causes for the decay of this stone are mentioned, erection on the edge of lamination, the heat of the sun on exposed sides, and imperfect pointing, with poor mortar, which falls away and leaves the joints exposed to the weather. The presence of sea-salt in the atmosphere has exerted no appreciable effect, and lichens growing on the stone do not appear to have occasioned any decay or corrosion. The light-colored Nova Scotia sandstones have been too recently introduced to show marked defect, but evidences of exfoliation and of slight moldering in damp spots have begun to appear. Buildings constructed of the Amherst (Ohio) sand-stone show little decay, only discoloration; and that is regarded as a favorable sign rather than otherwise, for it indicates durability, while a stone that cleans itself does so by disintegration of its surface, the grains dropping out and carrying away the dirt. The coarse fossiliferous limestone from Lockport has disintegrated rapidly within the last ten years, chiefly on account of careless arrangement in masonry. The oölitic stone from Ellettsville, Indiana, shows an almost immediate and irregular discoloration, said to be produced by the exudation of oil. The oölite from Caen, France, has shown decay in several instances where it was not protected by paint. The dolomitic marble of Westchester County has decayed considerably after sixty years of use, but much of this is owing to the stone having been improperly laid. Often marbles, of various kinds, in tombstones, are in fairly good condition. Horizontal slabs show a tendency to bend. The frequent obliteration of inscriptions, the general and often rapid granulation of the surface, and the occasional Assuring of slabs, show that the decay of marble—in the varieties hitherto long used in New York city—is steady, inevitable, and but a question of time; and, if unprotected, this material is likely to prove utterly unsuitable for out-of-door use, at least for decorative purposes or cemetery records, within the atmosphere of a city. A blue-stone, or graywacke, is yearly coming into more general use, and, though somewhat somber in tone and difficult to dress, seems likely to prove a material of remarkable durability. The bluish Quincy granite has been used in many buildings, and rarely shows as yet many signs of decay. A fine-grained granite from Concord, New Hampshire, also promises to be durable. The light-colored and fine-grained granite of Hallowell, Maine, in which the white feldspar predominates, has shown some exfoliation, but in the single building in which this is remarked the stones appear to have been set on edge, and, as their structure is laminated, that is an important matter. "The weathering of granite does not proceed by a merely superficial wear, which can be measured or limited by fractions of an inch, but by a deep insinuation along the lines of weakness, between grains, through cleavage-planes, and into latent fissures. Thus, long before the surface has become much corroded or removed, a deep disintegration has taken place by which large fragments are ready for separation by frost, from the edges and angles of a block. When directly exposed to the heat of the sun, an additional agency of destruction is involved, and the stone is suddenly found ready to exfoliate, layer after layer, concentrically." The following is an approximative estimate of the "life" of different kinds of stone, signifying by the term life, without regard to discoloration or other objectionable qualities, merely the period after which the incipient decay of the variety becomes sufficiently offensive to the eye to demand repair or renewal: coarse brown-stone, five to fifteen years; laminated fine brown-stone, twenty to fifty years; compact fine brown-stone, one hundred to two hundred years; blue-stone, untried, probably centuries; Nova Scotia stone, untried, perhaps fifty to two hundred years; Ohio sandstone (best 856
��ceous variety), perhaps from one to many centuries ; coarse fossiliferous limestone, twenty to forty years ; fine oolitic (French) limestone, thirty to forty years ; fine oolitic (American) limestone, untried here; coarse dolomite marble, forty years ; fine dolomite marble, sixty to eighty years ; fine marble, fifty to two hundred years ; granite, seventy- five to two hundred years ; gneiss, fifty years to many centuries. Many of the best building-stones in the country have never yet been brought to the city.
Peroxide of Hydrogen. Peroxide of hydrogen, though it was discovered in 1818, has only recently, by the aid of cheapened processes of preparation, come into general use. When pure, it is a colorless liquid, which in decomposing gives off four hundred and seventy-five times its volume of oxygen. Diluted solutions of it, kept in the dark at a temperature of not more than 80, may be preserved for a very long time without decomposing. It is obtainable pure, in large quantities, and cheaply, in solutions of three per cent by weight or ten per cent by volume ; and it has come into extensive use as a bleaching agent, for disinfection, household purposes, and the toilet. It is the really operative agent in air-bleaching on the grass, which has been in use from time immemorial, and is well adapted for bleach- ing substances of animal origin, in which chlorine agents often fail. In using it the substance to be bleached must first be care- fully cleansed from dirt and oil. It may be applied as a bath in the shape of a weakly acid solution neutralized with a few drops of ammonia, or the substance may be dipped in it, and afterward slowly dried in the air. As the water evaporates, the con- centration of the peroxide of hydrogen in- creases, and the bleaching goes on more energetically. Dumas and Pettenkoferhave applied peroxide of hydrogen with much success and satisfaction to the clean- ing of oil-paintings and engravings. This substance has recently been found to be one of the most valuable and effective dis- infecting agents. In the household it has proved to be equal to the best of other known substances for purposes of washing and cleansing the person. It is adapted to the most tender skins. It has been pro-
��nounced preferable as a tooth-wash to all powders and to all other preparations which do not depend upon it. In bathing, with the addition of a drop or two of hartshorn, it quickly disintegrates and removes the dead skin without affecting the living tissue, except to make it more healthy and hardy. It is a salutary hair-wash, provided the hair has been prepared for it by previous wash- ing with soap or spirit. Professors Alex. Classen and 0. Bauer have found it a pow- erful agent in analytical chemistry. Die Natur.
Fact and Fancy regarding Fingal's Cave.
At the Montreal meeting of the American Association in 1882, Mr. F. Cope Whitehouse offered a paper on " The Caves of Staff a, and their Connection with the Ancient Civ- ilization of Iona." The Committee on Pa- pers, having heard Mr. Whitehouse in ex- position of his views, and examined his maps and drawings, and the testimonials which he was able to produce from men of authority in science, adjudged that there were sufficient merit and originality in his paper to justify giving it a hearing. The article was also regarded by us of enough interest to be given to the readers of " The Popular Science Monthly " in De- cember, 1882 ; and a summary of it was published in " Notes and Queries," Decem- ber 28, 1883. In it the author, regarding the situation of the Island of Staffa, which is shown in the map, the character of its
���rocks, the form of Fingal's Cave, and the shape and direction of its exposure, con- cluded that it was extremely unlikely that the cave could have been hollowed out by the natural action of the waves, and suggested the question whether it might not have been artificially excavated. The paper has not yet been adequately an-
��swered. But the author was held up to ridicule, in a leading article in " Nature " of January 25, 1883, as the victim of " a thirst for scientific renown," who knew nothing of the subject concerning which he had given the result of his studies, but had succeeded in imposing himself upon a re- spectable scientific body, and upon a scien- tific journal. Mr. Whitehouse has taken his time to answer this attack, and has replied to it with vigor and to the point in a late number of the " Manhattan." Setting by the side of one another photo- graphs of the Island of Staffa and Fingal's Cave, and the representations of them given in the current works on geology, he shows that a wonderful ignorance of what they are like exists in the scientific mind, and is transmitted to students. German works ex- hibit a structure supposed to have been ex- posed for millions of years to waves capable of hollowing out two hundred and twenty- eight feet of basalt, and open at both ends, which Fingal's Cave is not, compared with which u a wall of bricks without mortar would be solidity itself." Hitchcock's " Geol- ogy " long gave a view that did not show any part of Staffa, but the adjoining Island of Boo-sha-la. Dr. A. Geikie, Director of the Geological Survey of Scotland, gave, in his "Primer" in 1881, u a tolerable engraving of part of the island" ; but, in 1882, he of- fered to more advanced students, in his "Text-Book of Geology," "a problem in physics and drawing which has hitherto passed uncriticised," " the bad copy of a picture for which its author apologized in 1819," " which picture was no more Staffa than a view inside the railings at the head of Wall Street would be Trinity Church." If our young American has been too hasty in his theories, upon which we do not under- take to decide, it certainly behooves his crit- ics, and especially those who are on the spot and wear official titles, to attempt some ap- proach to accuracy in fact.
Why some Bodies feel colder than oth- ers. It is a familiar fact that, when we touch with the fingers different substances of the same temperature, some will feel colder than others. The differences of the feeling are commonlv ascribed to differences in the heat-conducting powers of the several
��bodies. A correspondent of " La Nature " suggests that, besides this, the specific heat of the bodies and the degree of polish of their surfaces should be taken into account. The effect of specific heat may be observed by pouring alcohol upon water and plung- ing the finger in so that a part of it shall be in the water and a part in the alcohol. The part in the water will feel much colder than that in the alcohol. So brandy may be taken, with safety, at a degree of cold at which water would infallibly irritate the skin. The effect of the degree of polish may be tried with a piece of marble or glass one side of which is smooth and another rough, with a file one side of which has been ground down, or with glazed and un- glazed paper. In every case the smooth side or substance, at ordinary temperatures, will appear colder than the rough one. The fact may be accounted for by remembering that the smooth body presents vastly more points of contact with the fingers, and con- sequently more conductors for the heat than the rough one. In like manner a liquid al- ways seems colder than the vessel contain- ing it, because it is in closer contact with the skin.
Are there Birds with Teeth 1 The
"Transactions" of the Natural History Soci- ety of Leipsic contains a paper by Dr. Paul Fraisse, on teeth and tooth-papillae in birds. It is generally admitted that there is a se- ries of birds having real teeth in their bills. Among these are the fossil archaeopteryx of Solenhofen, and the odontornithes, discov- ered by Professor Marsh in the North Ameri- can cretaceous. The jaws of the latter birds were furnished with teeth, and also with cavities containing supplementary teeth, like those of crocodiles. The curious relations which these birds exhibit with reptiles, as a kind of transitional stage between the two orders, suggest the question whether any living birds have teeth. On this point, Dr. Fraisse remarks that Geoffroy Saint-Hi- laire in 1821 discovered in two embryos of the parrot (Palceornis torquatus) papillae which he regarded as tooth-sacs and as ho- mologous with the rudimentary teeth of oth- er animals. In one of the jaws there even seemed to be duplicate rudiments, as among the mammalia. Cuvier accepted this an-
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��nouncement with a kind of reserve, and re- marked that the horny texture of the bill seemed to spread over these vascular papil- lae much in the same manner as the enamel over mammals' teeth. Blanchard resumed the investigation in 1860, and found in cer- tain birds, among them some parrots, for- mations imbedded in the jaws, which when microscopically examined presented consid- erable similarity in composition with den- tine and in structure with teeth ; and he concluded that those birds possessed a real dental system. Dr. Fraisse believes that pa- pillae are frequently present in the horny bill of the parrot, that they are rich in ves- sels and covered with a veneer of peculiarly adapted horn-cells which Blanchard took to be dentine, and which in microscopic sec- tions have quite a resemblance to that for- mation ; but that real teeth do not exist in birds. " Whether any first rudiments of teeth may have been the origin of the growth of horn-teeth is very doubtful ; but in all probability the horn-teeth should be regard- ed as secondary formations." The teeth of the odontornithes, in which Professor Marsh has found dentine and enamel, are excepted from this conclusion.
Alcohol regarded as a Beneficial Agent.
Dr. William Sharpe, an English physi- cian, has published a pamphlet in which he seeks to demonstrate that alcohol is a fac- tor in human progress. Looking into the history of the subject, he finds that the vine and the product of the vine have been in olden times more intimately associated with man's intellectual growth and development than with his purely physical wants. The stimulus of alcohol, when judiciously con- trolled, "always leads to active and higher mental efforts on the part of individuals," thus producing a contrary effect to that of other stimulants, which tend rather " to bring about a contented state of dreamy in- action " and to repress effort. " To under- stand fully," he says, " the beneficial action of alcohol as regards mental development, we must first get a clear view of the value of those states of cerebral excitement which most people, though in varying degrees, ex- perience something of, rising as they then do mentally above the level of what may be called their ordinary every-day thoughts.
��This is not difficult, if we bear in remem- brance that it is during such periods of high mental activity, in which the mind, tran- scending the more circumscribed limits of reason, sweeps intuitively into the veiled and distant regions of universal truth, that all great conceptions arise and have arisen in times past, crudely at first it may be, but which, nevertheless, when reduced to order and embodied in works, have been of ines- timable value to mankind. . . . The stimu- lus produced by alcoholic liquors, if not nearly of so high an order, is more easily called into play, while in a practical sense, the latent ability being present, it is more vigorous and effective as regards actual work. Hence the value of alcohol, as a stimulant, lies in the fact that it produces artificially and sustains temporarily that state of mental excitement or exaltation ne- cessary to the conception and projection, though not to the detailed elaboration, of those enduring works that, whether in the domains of art, architecture, or engineer- ing, are remarkable for boldness of execu- tion, originality, and grandeur of design ; and further, that it is the only manageable stimulant which, when used in moderation, and in the form of wine or spirits, is not only not injurious, but conduces to the gen- eral health, while it favors both mental and physical development." Dr. Sharpe also as- signs to alcohol a beneficial agency in stimu- lating genial thoughts and feelings.
Japanese Lacqners. The Japanese dis- tinguish in lacquers between crude lacquer, which is obtained from the trunks of live trees and forms the basis of nearly all the mixtures used in making lacquer-ware ; branch lacquer ; and black lacquer, a prep- aration. The yield of branch lacquer is only about one per cent in comparison with that of other lacquers, while the proportion of ninety per cent is required in working. Hence a mixture is made of various kinds of lacquers, sea-weed jelly, finely grated sweet- potatoes, and as much soot as is needed to color the mass. Each manufacturer has his own special mixture, but the extraneous ad- ditions are believed not to injure the qual- ity of the whole. True branch lacquer be- comes extremely hard when dry ; but, since when used alone it will not dry under some
��twenty days, the pure sap is now but little used. The black lacquer is made by adding to crude or branch lacquer about five per cent of the tooth-dye used by women, a liquor formed by boiling iron filings in rice- vinegar, exposing to the sun, and stirring frequently for several days. In preparing all the lacquers it is an essential object to get rid of the water that exudes from the tree with the sap. This can not be effected without adding water, which is done in small quantities, three times a day, for two or three days. All the water then evaporates together. No lacquer will dry till this pro- cess has been gone through. If crude lac- quer, which is originally of the color and consistency of cream, is exposed to the sun for a few days without adding water, it be- comes black, or nearly so, thinner and trans- lucent, but will not dry if applied to an ar- ticle. If, now, water is mixed with it, it at once loses its black color and its transpar- ency, becomes again of a creamy color, only slightly darker, and can be used after evapo- ration of the water, like any ordinary lac- quer, and will dry. The greatest difficulty the lacquer-workers have to contend with is that of obtaining a clear, transparent var- nish. What is called transparent varnish is really black to the eye, and has to be ground and polished after application before it will present a brilliant surface.
Superstitions about Stone Implements.
Richard Andree, a German anthropologist, has remarked that, wherever prehistoric stone implements have been found, whether in Europe, Asia, Africa, or America, identical ideas, agreeing frequently in the minutest particulars, have been associated with them in the popular mind. It is really astonish- ing to find the negroes, the South American Indians, the Burmese, and the different Eu- ropean stocks entertaining the same super- stitions respecting the origin and supposed wonderful properties of the stone axes. Such conceptions must be regarded as compara- tively new, for they can only have origi- nated after the implements had gone out of use, and the casual finding of them would be capable of exciting a mystified curiosity. They would naturally appear to the finders, who had no idea of their use, as something wonderful, perhaps having their origin in
��another world ; and it would also be natural to attribute mysterious properties to them. The fall of meteoric stones would give a kind of a justification to such notions. People everywhere have thought the stone imple- ments were the product of the lightning, or its bolts, and that the noise of thunder was caused by their striking the earth ; and the belief is very common that the " thunder- axe," which is driven deep into the ground, will gradually rise to the surface again in the course of some definite period, as seven days, weeks, or years. The finder of one of these mysterious objects esteems it highly on account of the peculiar properties attrib- uted to it, and transmits it to bis posterity. Such stones are regarded as amulets in Asia and Europe, and as fetiches on the Guinea coast. They are believed to preserve one against harm, to prevent sterility in women, to give protection against fire and lightning ; treasures are sought with them, and most effective medical properties are attributed to them. They have been believed to have a kind of life, and to sweat on the approach of a storm. These superstitions have no footing among people who are still in the stone age and acquainted with the use of stone implements. Thus, no trace of them is found in the South Seas and Australia ; although a foundation for them appears to be laid among the West Australians, in the shape of a belief that certain smooth, oval stones have fallen from the sky.
A Subterranean River in Austria. One
of the recent publications of the Austrian Tourists' Club contains a description of the " Recca Cave," which it is claimed must be ranked among the greatest natural curiosi- ties of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. The cave is situated near the middle of the Karst mountain-land, in the bare and sterile plateau that spreads out above Trieste, in a region rich with caves, and has been formed by the flow of the Recca River under the cre- taceous hills. Similar river-excavations are common in the region, but that made by the Recca surpasses all the others in extent. Near the railroad-station of Vistrica-Ter- novo, the Recca is a stream some fifteen or twenty paces broad and two or three feet deep. Thence it flows along the border of the chalk and tertiary formations in a deep-
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��ly cut but pleasant valley, till it comes to a point where the chalk crosses its course in a semicircular range, and seems as if it would stop its further progress with a dam nearly four hundred feet high. The river has, however, conquered this wall by boring under it a tunnel fifty feet high and half as wide, through which it rushes in a very live- ly torrent. In the course of a little over a hundred yards, it passes a chimney-shaped shaft, which extends to the whole height of the mountain end presents an opening more than thirty feet in diameter at the surface. After another hundred yards the stream crosses the floor of a doline (or sink-hole) four hundred feet broad, and then, after crossing a narrow ledge, enters the great doline of St. Canzian. Here the steep, fre- quently impending rocks on three sides form a gigantic kettle, the western wall of which falls perpendicularly more than five hundred feet. On the southern side a turf-covered slope descends toward the bed of the river, to end abruptly in a precipice of nearly two hundred and fifty feet. Having twice bored the hills for relatively short distances, the Recca continues its course till it meets the rock-wall a third time and excavates a third subterranean channel, this time of thirty- five kilometres, or twenty-two miles. This is the Recca Cave proper, and from it the stream emerges near San Giovanni di Duino into the important river, though a short one, the Timavo, the mystery of the origin of which has been solved by this tracing of the course of its main affluent.
Scottish and Irish Crannogs. Dr. Rob- ert Munro, in his "Ancient Scottish Lake- Dwellings or Crannogs," draws a parallel between the island-fortifications of the west- ern Celts and the lake-dwellings of Switz- erland, and then suggests a connection of development between the crannog and the moated castle of the middle ages. "Cran- nog " is a Gaelic term, from crann, a mast or tree, and seems to point to the fact that wooden piles or tree-trunks formed an im- portant part in the structure. While the crannogs have several features in common with the Swiss pile-dwellings, they exhibit also some important points of difference, whereas the Irish and Scottish structures are essentially similar. The latter were
��really fortified islands, sometimes natural) but generally artificial. When complete and in use, they would present the appear- ance of small islands surrounded by strong palisades for defense, with buildings of va- rious kinds on their surface, dug-out canoes ready for use, and in some cases a causeway or gangway communicating with the shore. They were certainly built with great skill, and with a solidity of which the endurance of parts of them to the present time is the best evidence. Stone weapons have been found in the crannogs, but the bulk of the remains they yield are of bronze and iron, and some of the coins and pottery point to Roman influences. It is generally admitted that even the Irish crannogs are long sub- sequent in date to the earlier Swiss lake- dwellings. The crannogs, moreover, con- tinued much longer in use than the cor- responding lake-dwellings in Switzerland ; those of Ireland down to the seventeenth century, those of Scotland to a century or two earlier. They were evidently used mainly for defense. In the more northern and wilder parts of Scotland the wooden structures gave way to stone castles, and in the end, as Dr. Munro points out, instead of the castle being brought to the water, the water was brought to the castle in the shape of a moat. It is certainly possible that some individual castles may be the di- rect representatives of former crannogs, but it would be very hard to prove that there has been, as Dr. Munro seems inclined to think, any general connection of the kind between the two structures.
Effects of Gases on Insects. Mr. L. P.
Gratacap reports, in the " American Natu- ralist," respecting experiments he has made upon the power of different insects to live in various gases. The Colorado beetle proved the hardiest of them ; it was killed outright in the vapor of prussic acid, which it, however, stood longer than any other in- sect experimented with, while it was para- lyzed for a time in illuminating gas, and died after two hours' imprisonment in nitrous oxide. The effects of oxygen were not very marked ; hydrogen produced lethargy in flies, and was bad for snapping beetles, moths, and a wasp ; carbonic acid killed flies at once, and threw Colorado beetles on their
��backs ; carbonic oxide killed ants, but not Colorado beetles ; prussic-acid vapors and nitrous-acid fumes destroyed everything, as did chlorine everything but Colorado bee- tles ; nitrous oxide exhibited but slight ef- fects ; and illuminating gas appeared to produce death if the exposure was long enough. Mr. Gratacap recommends charg- ing from time to time with illuminating gas as probably, and charging with diluted prus- sic-acid fumes as certainly, an efficient pre- ventive of the ravages of insects in cabinet cases.
Backsheesh in Areadia. " How much to be envied are you Singalese ! " says Ilerr Haeckel, in his " Indian Letters of Travels." "You are not troubled either about the cares of to-morrow or of the distant future. What you require for your own life and your children's grows of itself at your mouth ; and whatever else you may want in the way of luxury you can get with the slightest exertion. You are, indeed, like the lilies of the field, that grow around your simple huts ; they sow not, neither do they reap, and still heavenly Nature feeds them. You are not excited with political or military am- bitions ; no anxious thoughts about busi- ness, or the rise and fall of stocks, disturb your sleep. The highest honors, titles, and orders of civilized men are unknown to you. Yes, I believe it fully, you do not envy us Europeans for our thousand superfluities ; you are happy in being simple men, Nature- men, living in a paradise, and enjoying that paradise. Yes, what care -burdened civil- ized man would not envy you your simple condition, and your paradisiacal content- ment ? " A few moments after indulging in these reflections, Herr Haeckel reached the last post-station before arriving at Point de Galle, and was still thinking he had come upon a place where the struggle for exist- ence had no being. His porters awakened him from his dream by speaking to him of their "backsheesh." It was now time to attend to that matter, for it might be for- gotten, in the hurry and confusion, if it was put off till they got to the city. Herr Haeckel had remarked that a native gentle- man had given each of the porters a " double anna," and reasoned that, in consideration of bis superior distinction as a u white man,"
��it would be proper to quadruple the amount and give a shilling. The porters returned the coins with irritation, and gave their pa- tron a very flattering lecture about the dis- tinction to which he was entitled by reason of his purely white skin. The main point which they presented was, that every white man ought to give double what he had given, or a rupee ; but that as white a man as he was, with his light hair, must belong to the very highest caste, the dignity of which would be suitably maintained by a still larger gift. Without acceding to the full force of this complimentary argument, Herr Haeckel yielded so far as to give the full white man's backsheesh of a rupee to each man, and had the pleasure of hearing himself pronounced a perfect gentleman.
The Chinese Superstition of Severed Queues. Dr. D. J. MacGowan, in a report on the health of Wenchow, has published some facts concerning " epidemic frenzies," or " popular crazes," which frequently pre- vail among large portions of the Chinese population. One of them raged very exten- sively in 1876, when it was believed super- natural agencies were at work cutting off the queues of the people. A sorcerer, get- ting possession, with the aid of a spirit, of one of these queues, was believed to be able thereafter to evoke at will the soul of the owner and use it as a servile demon, while the man was fated to die. The only remedy within the reach of a person who has lost his queue is to cut off an inch or more of what hair he has left and soak it for eighty days in a cesspool ; by this means the mys- terious connection between the hair remain- ing on his head and that in possession of the sorcerer is severed. Amulets and charms are, moreover, relied on for the prevention of disaster to the queue. A charm for this purpose was invented by the Governor of Kiang-Su, who also recommended an anathe- ma attributed to Tao Tse, which was to be chanted while copying it on yellow paper with the blood of a cock mixed in vermil- ion, after which the paper was to be burned and the ashes swallowed. The panic was created by some revolutionists, who secretly cut off the queues of a few passers-by in each large city, and then proclaimed that a diabolical agency was at work.
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��The Pygmies. Dr. Emin Bey gives in a recent number of Petcrmann's " Mittheil- ungen " some later notices of the Akkas, the pygmy race discovered in Africa, and first described by Schweinfurth. They are a hunting people, divided up into numer- ous tribes that do not mingle "with one another. They have no fixed abodes, but wander around in the countries of the Mon- butte and the Amadi. When a small soci- ety of them sojourns temporarily around the settlement of some chief, they build little huts for the married ones, while the unmar- ried satisfy themselves with mere shelters from the sun. Usually they live in the groves that line the streams, which afford them game and good hiding-places. The chiefs provide them with grain and roots, and take their pay in the proceeds of the hunt. The Akkas are vengeful and dan- gerous when offended, and are skilled in the use of the bow and arrow. Emin Bey's measurements gave heights of between four and four and a half feet for full-grown Ak- kas. The color of their skin varies from a clear yellow to a glistening red. The whole body is covered with a thick, stiff, filthy growth of hair. A disposition of the skin to wrinkle, peculiarly observable in the eye- lids, makes them look much older than they are.
Origin of Fires in London. The statis- tics of fires in London for the thirteen years, 1870-'S2, state the origin and nature of 22,262 fires, of which ten per cent at- tained serious proportions. The most fires were started in private houses, but they were the least dangerous ones, for only 2*4 per cent of them became serious, while in such establishments as saw-mills, furniture ware-rooms, rag-stores, and builders' shops, more than one fourth of the fires were de- structive. No particular influence of sea- sons in promoting or diminishing the dan- ger of fires appears from the London re" ports, where the difference in the number of outbreaks in the several months is com- paratively small and irregular, but in agri- cultural districts the most fires seem to take place in July and August. According to the facts presented by Mr. W. G. McMillan, in a lecture before the Society of Arts, the distribution of fires over the hours of the
��day seems to be governed by a distinct and well-defined law. The curves illustrating the hourly distribution, through several years, show a remarkable symmetry and a wonderful agreement in general form. The most outbreaks occur between eight and nine in the evening, whence the numbers fall somewhat rapidly to a minimum at be- tween six and nine in the morning. Thence the curves rise gradually to the evening maximum. By far the greatest number of the fires recorded originated in the use or abuse of light- and heat-giving apparatus. The most prolific source of danger still ap- pears to be the candle, less dangerous than when the old-fashioned, spark-emitting tal, low-candles were in use, but still operative by means of the ease with which it may be set under a shelf or carried within reach of light drapery. Surrounding the candles with tall shades like lamp-chimneys is rec- ommended as a precautionary device. Pe- troleum is, with due precautions, a safe fluid, but there are other burning-fluids, and some kinds of petroleum, that are highly dangerous. Coal-gas is entirely safe, except from the danger of leaks at the joints of the pipes, which may be guarded against; but all burners should be fixed, else they may be carelessly brought within reach of drapery. Many fires are caused by careless- ness in throwing away matches after they have been used. Directly and indirect^, artificial heating is responsible for a large proportion of fires. It operates through sparks shot out from open grates ; through defects in flues ; through the proximity of wooden beams and planks to flues, steam- pipes, or register- furnaces ; and through carelessness in disposing of hot ashes. The red fire used in theatres is very liable to spontaneous combustion ; plumbers some- times allow their portable furnaces to set fires ; and the sun shining through a body so shaped as to act as a lens to concentrate its rays, has been known to set papers on fire. Water is still the cheapest and most effective extinguisher ; and other agents in use are good in their way. Gypsum, used as a plaster and in concrete, is an excellent fire-proofing material. Wood may be made uninflammable by painting it with asbestus ; by impregnating its fibers with such sub- stances as tungstate or silicate of soda, or
�� � with two soluble substances which, coming together, will form an insoluble one. If wood is impregnated, too, with a substance capable of volatilization, its taking fire will be delayed till the volatile substance has been driven off. Warning of fires is automatically and surely given by means of devices by which the expansion of a column of mercury by the developed heat is made to close the circuit of a galvanic battery and sound an electric bell.
The Sunny Skies of Kamchatka.— M. Leonhard Stejneger has published in the Norwegian journal, "Naturen," a paper on the fauna and flora of Eastern Kamchatka and the Commander Islands, which adjoin our own Aleutian Islands. While the climate of the islands is foggy and their vegetation scanty, Kamchatka is represented as rejoicing in Italian skies, smooth seas, and a mild temperature. The flora is so exuberant that some species, which only grow to be three feet high in Norway, there attain the height of a man. Among them are the birch, alder, willow, and service-tree, whose berries as well as those of a honey-suckle are finely flavored, and well relished by the inhabitants. The flowers of the wild rose, rhododendron, potentillas, and taraxacum, might be mistaken for Norwegian species. The birds are also well represented, and one of them, a warbler, is distinguished by a plumage that suggests the tropics, and a voice comparable with that of the nightingale. The fauna is generally palæ-Arctic, and few American forms are found.


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subset: commoncrawl


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If you want to see change in yourself, your community, or your city…
start here.
Attendees at Changecamp are passionate about bringing about positive change. We bring together people from the business community, the non-profit and activist world, government (both elected officials and staff) and those with lived experience in the issues we all care about – everyone we need to make our ideas become reality. Past participants have included: citizens using online tools to build communities, Government at the municipal, provincial or federal level, community activists, and people interested in connecting and collective participation.
Save the Date: Oct 25, 2014. Tickets will become available mid Sept.
People who came to Change Camp said…
So you invited me to Vancouver Change Camp two years ago. I met various awesome people who were doing work about social enterprise, work programs, and had similar interests in economic sustainable community programs. I have been working front line in the non-profit world for 5 years now. The experience shed light on a topic that I've always been interested in, started looking into it, and then applied for a Masters at SFU. I got into the Public Policy Masters for 2011 and will graduate in 2 years. I'm really excited! It's been amazing so far. I'm only 3 months in.
So, I can't wait to go back to this years Vancouver Change Camp! It'll be great!! ~Kailey
Hashtag #vanchange


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tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9238405.post110685751430406239..comments2014-09-10T10:07:49.895-07:00Comments on Agile Testing: Python unit testing part 1: the unittest moduleGrig Gheorghiuhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-9238405.post-45237470993645057422014-06-19T16:38:48.321-07:002014-06-19T16:38:48.321-07:00If you use a nice test runner like Green, you can ...If you use a nice test runner like Green, you can omit the entire if..."__main__": section of the code. (Full disclosure, I wrote Green) https://github.com/CleanCut/greenNathan Stockshttp://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-9238405.post-55422605780037850622013-08-21T07:28:31.513-07:002013-08-21T07:28:31.513-07:00It is 2013. This is the first example of unittest ...It is 2013. This is the first example of unittest in Python that I have actually understood. I now actually understand where everything is supposed to be placed when creating test suites. Thank you, a million times over, thank email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-9238405.post-53046678111907335822012-06-27T15:08:22.840-07:002012-06-27T15:08:22.840-07:00Shouldn't tests be independent of one another,...Shouldn't tests be independent of one another, hence the order in which they're run should not firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-9238405.post-44952357934678908912011-01-15T09:17:54.879-08:002011-01-15T09:17:54.879-08:00I see you used both unittest and doctest together ...I see you used both unittest and doctest together in your example, but when does one choose a particular testing framework over another? Coming from Java land, JUnit seems to be the defacto for Java.

Is there something like that for Python?

Nice article BTW :)Evanshttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-9238405.post-39854087079684876572009-12-06T14:33:14.054-08:002009-12-06T14:33:14.054-08:00Grig, Needed to refer back to this today (2009). ...Grig,
Needed to refer back to this today (2009). Never gets old. Thanks.
Carl T.Carl Trachtehttp://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-9238405.post-60604147004958089642008-11-29T08:16:00.000-08:002008-11-29T08:16:00.000-08:00Very interesting article, congratulations. Just wh...Very interesting article, congratulations. Just what I neededBruno Guerrahttp://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-9238405.post-32552272858727085162007-08-06T09:40:00.000-07:002007-08-06T09:40:00.000-07:00Cons: tests are executed in alphanumerical orderSo...Cons: tests are executed in alphanumerical order

So naming them
test_01_<real_name>
test_02_<real_name2> ...

forces unittest executing tests in defined and easy modificable order. I'm used to do so.

Just my 5 cents

Facility to run test in defined order, but break the run after first failed test lacks to me in unittest. I know how to do it (runnig each test namelly and testing its result) but I don't like it and it's hard to email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-9238405.post-1119726338047831092005-06-25T12:05:00.000-07:002005-06-25T12:05:00.000-07:00Consider using TestOOB (http://testoob.sourceforge...Consider using TestOOB (http://testoob.sourceforge.net) which extends Python's unittest module capabilities.

Any unittest/doctest suites work without changes, and it's got some really cool features, like color console output, xml/html reports, and firing up pdb on failed tests.Ori Peleghttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-9238405.post-1106937745088541122005-01-28T10:42:00.000-08:002005-01-28T10:42:00.000-08:00Great! Especially looking forward to the part on ...Great! Especially looking forward to the part on "py.test", what I have seen so far about "py.test" looks very good.

Currently I am using unittest and doctest together (verifying my docstrings becomes one of my unittest tests). Each test gets put into the place where it feels more natural, usually doctest, but if a testing framework is required (loops, setup, teardown, etc.), it goes into unittest, instead of fussing with firstname.lastname@example.com


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10 ways to annoy Rory Williams10 Ways to Annoy Rory from Dr.Who10 ways to annoy Rory Williams4 years ago in Profiles More Like This
10. Ask him why the only person in the universe (including his "one true love") that remembers him is the guy that ran off with her the night before the wedding
8. Call him a Murse (male nurse)
7. Crash his stag party by jumping out of his massive cake
6. Kidnap his fiancée on the night before their wedding
5. .Spend all your money on his girlfriends kissogram stall and stay there all day
4. Tell him that his girlfriend's kissogram is way more successful than he thinks and that she gets most of her money from one particular customer who goes under the name of the Doctor .
3 .Ask why he hasn't done it with Amy yet, and that doctor has
2. Inform him politely that you and his fiancée had a little "smoochy smoochy time" while you both are in a scary tunnel surrounded by vampires/space fish
And the number one way to annoy Rory Williams .
1. Next time you see him say "If you're a real doctor, then where's your


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February 26, 2014
Dr. Nathan GianneschiDepartment of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of California, San Diego
"Enzyme-Responsive Nanoparticles as In Vivo Probes"4:10 pm, 134 Featheringill Hall (Refreshments at 3:45)
Abstract: The goal of targeted therapeutics and molecular diagnostics is to accumulate drugs or probes at the site of disease in higher quantities relative to other locations in the body. To achieve this, there is tremendous interest in the development of nanomaterials capable of acting as carriers or reservoirs of therapeutics and diagnostics in vivo.[1] Generally, nanoscale particles are favored for this task as they can be large enough to function as carriers of multiple copies of a given small molecule, can display multiple targeting functionalities, and can be small enough to be safely injected into the blood stream. The general goal is that particles will either target passively via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, actively by incorporation of targeting groups, or by a combination of both.[2] Nanoparticle targeting strategies have largely relied on the use of surface conjugated ligands designed to bind overexpressed cell-membrane receptors associated with a given cell-type.[3] We envisioned a targeting strategy that would lead to an active accumulation of nanoparticles by virtue of a supramolecular assembly event specific to tumor tissue, occurring in response to a specific signal. The most desirable approach to stimuli-induced targeting would be to utilize an endogenous signal, specific to the diseased tissue itself, capable of actively targeting materials introduced via intravenous (IV) injection. We present the development of nanoparticles capable of assembling in vivo in response to selective, endogenous, biomolecular signals. For this purpose, we utilize enzymes as stimuli, rather than other recognition events, because they are uniquely capable of propagating a signal via catalytic amplification. We will describe their development and utility as a multimodal imaging platform, and discuss their potential as carriers capable of targeting tissue via a new mechanism.Host: Todd Giorgio


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If you like Carp fishing or Bass fishing, Trout or Salmon fishing by using Telescopic Fishing Pole or Telescopic Fishing Rod, Fly Fishing or Surf Casting, Spinning or Bait Casting Rod Were proud to present a wide selection and great deals for all your fishing needs. If you enjoy fishing with very light, powerfull and the most sensitive rods made of a Higher Modulus Graphite Carbon manufactured in Japan then this is your Guide to the top quality fishing tackle.
Fishing poles and rods vary in width, length and flexibility. A good rod may not instantly make you a better angler but a poor rod will be a limiting factor for any angler. Finding a good fishing rod starts with four basic considerations: your experience, your preferred way of fishing, where you're fishing and what you're trying to catch. You then have a choice of several styles of rods to get the job done.
The growing popularity of pole fishing and fly fishing is due in large part to the manufacturing of cheaper, lighter and stronger rods. When it comes to design, engineering and materials, Japanese technology produces some of the best quality fishing equipment in the world. Graphite Carbon Fiber manufactured in Japan by Toray Industries, Inc, that is currently the world's largest producer of carbon fiber and Japan's largest producer of synthetic fiber. Some other important points of carbon Graphite rods:


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Shallow-Rooted Veggies for Growing in Window Boxes
When I moved into my first apartment, I planted veggies in the two front window boxes. But I did it pretty willy-nilly, without any research, and some of those poor plants just didn't flourish. If you're thinking of doing the same, please check this out first for some ideas of which plants do best in shallow soils:
The plants listed below do well in shallow soils, shallow being about 12" of depth (or less for the lettuce):
• lettuce
• red radishes
• spinach
• scallions
• herbs
• garlic
• strawberry
Interested in creating your own window box? Check out this DIY from HGTV. Do remember that plants with shallow root systems have a greater requirement for water, so check often and keep them well-watered!
(Image: HGTV)
9 Comments
handy, thanks!
my last apartment had a small balcony. I found cherry tomotoes and even cucumbers could be planted in hanging baskets.
I now have a balcony in my apartment. I want to try!!!
I don't see any windowboxes at my big box hardware stores that are 12" deep. Any ideas?
Amazon.com has steel tubs in various sizes - good for parties and drinks, but fabulous for gardens. These are the cheapest containers I've been able to find. Yes, you will have to drill some drainage holes in the bottom, but that isn't too difficult.
(also..free super saver shipping! bonus!)
Oh! I have the 16 gallon tub, which ends up being 10 inches high, but we've successfully used it for both strawberries and tomatoes at this point. I'm sure it'd be great for herbs and onions as well.
I have some basil growing happily in a red plastic beer cup in my windowsill. I'm amazed I've kept it alive so long!
I love fresh herbs. I'm going to try beets and green onions this spring as I have some extra deep porch ledge boxes. For anyone looking for deep window boxes, I would recommend looking for these instead as long as you intend to plant two rows (one on each side) as the center line of the box is shallower to accommodate a porch railing.
Last summer, I attempted cherry tomatoes in large pots on my fire escape on the 5th floor. The plants didn't really thrive and I think it might have had a lot to do with the wind. Something to consider if you plan to garden on a balcony/fire escape...


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and found 8 items
124cc, 9.7bhp, 56mph, Insurance group
Not a bad sporty 125 that does everything you could want a 125 to do with litte hassle. Cheap price means these are a very tempting choice over more expensive, but better Japanese machines like the Honda CBR125. f you're not bothered about the name on the tank, the Lexmoto is a good choice.
249cc, 26bhp, mph, Insurance group 13
Motorcycling needs new blood to ensure survival. Honda's take on this is to attract people into motorcycling with a cheap, honest and stylish workhorse – and the CBR250R is it. This all-new machine is not just suited to restricted cat' A licence holders, but also anyone who wants a simple, easy to ride, modern-dressed machine capable of returning high mpg ...
849cc, 79bhp, 135mph, Insurance group 13
A Ducati with Japanese reliability? That was the plan. The Yamaha TRX850 was a match for Ducati's 900SS of its day but never sold well – the last few machines were ushered out of showrooms for under £4K. Shame. the Yamaha TRX850 is a sporty motorcycle but road biased with tons of character. Can be a bargain on the used ...
124cc, 11.3bhp, 75mph, Insurance group 7
The problem with the Honda NSR125R, and all other two-stroke 125cc motorcycles out there, is that the newer, four-stroke, Honda CBR125R has come along and made them look expensive and unreliable. The Honda NSR125R itself isn't a bad motorcycle, but it's way too dear and way too hard to de-restrict. Honda NR750 superbike styling looks great.
748cc, 123bhp, 165mph, Insurance group 16
The Kawasaki ZX-7R is proof that a motorcycle doesn't have to be the latest, lightest and most powerful to be popular. The Kawasaki ZX-7R was no match for Suzuki's GSX-R750 when launched in 1996 and was never updated significantly until it was deleted in 2003. But people love them and bought the Kawasaki ZX-7R because it looked great and they're ...
998cc, 124bhp, 165mph, Insurance group 17
Although arguably a better bike, the Ducati 999 has never really stepped out of the shadows of the preceding, iconic Ducati 916 series of motorcycles. It lacks the grunty, fluid finesse of its V-twin rival motorcycles, the comfort of Japanese superbikes and has typical Ducati failings; of poor riding position, useless mirrors and quirky electrics. On the right racetrack, the Ducati 999 ...
1170cc, 122bhp, 148mph, Insurance group 13
Somehow you already know if you want the BMW R1200S. The looks divide opinions, but only half as much as the Boxer engine and the Telelever/Paralever suspension do. BMW has strained the limits of these design parameters – and it only just comes off. As an oddball track motorcycle it works, but as an accomplished all-rounder it falls short of ...
1203cc, 100bhp, 155mph, Insurance group 16
The Buell XB12R Firebolt is a real Frankenstein's monster of a motorcycle – but it works. Ancient Harley-Davidson engine mated to a stubby, innovative, high-tech aluminium frame with lots of well thought out touches makes a superb, nimble sports bike. The Buell XB12R may not be the fastest thing in a straight line but awesome in corners and stacks of fun.
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I wanted to share with you some decoupage ideas I made for some of my sweet friends. One of my favorite ideas, was an idea I did for a baby shower gift. I really wanted to do something special for her.
Sometimes it is hard to find baby nursery wall decor that I really like, or want to give as a gift. I enlisted the help of my friend's husband to secretly send me photos of her partially decorated nursery.
Off to the craft store I went, looking for scrapbook paper that matched the design and colors of other things in the baby nursery.
Using the baby's name in the nursery wall decor makes the room feel customized and special for the sweet little bundle of joy. Ruby, was the name of this special one, so only four chipboards were needed. You don't have to use chipboards in your decoupage ideas project. You could form your squares with the scrapbook paper alone.
Whatever design you plan to use, lay out your letters and chipboard on the canvas to make sure the canvas you chose is the correct size.
Okay, first thing to do is glue the paper onto your chipboard. It is really easy to get wrinkles, so go slow, and press the paper flat as you go along.
I wanted an old-fashion vintage look for my art project. So, after I covered my chipboard with the scrapbook paper, I antiqued the edges with brown waterproof stamping ink using a small sponge.
Next, I painted the letters white, and antiqued the edges using the stamping ink again. Not only does antiquing your letters give a vintage look, but it makes the letters stand out.
Time to paint your canvas. If you want your painted canvas to have some depth, here is mini art lesson on how to achieve that look:
Start by painting your canvas with several coats acrylic paint. Once your canvas is completely dry, on a paper plate pour out the paint you used for the canvas, and some white paint. Dip half of your brush into the white, and the other half into your canvas color. Paint onto your canvas making an "X" over and over to blend the colors. It doesn't have to be perfect. Continue this technique all over your canvas.
If you get too much of one color in a spot, dip your brush into the opposite color and blend while the paint is still wet.
After your canvas is completely dry, it is time to create the border. Cut your strips of paper all the same size and modge podge onto your canvas.
If you have a corner open, just cut a small square that matches your paper and modge podge it in place. Press firmly with your fingers until is completely flat.
I love ric-rac ribbon! Here, I attached it to the edge of the border using Elmer's glue. Once you are finished attaching the ribbon, brush the modge podge all over your canvas and let it dry completely before moving onto the next step.
Hot glue some cute buttons on the corner of your canvas.
Add ric-rac ribbon around your chipboard, and glue small buttons in each corner. Then attach your letters to the chipboard using hot glue. Place your letters on your canvas spacing them out evenly, and attach with hot glue.
I painted my clothespins white, and antiqued them. The clothespins were hot glued onto the canvas, and ribbon run through them to give the impression of a clothes line. You can find these clothespins in the unfinished wood section of the craft store.
Add ribbon for hanging the canvas using a staple gun, or hot glue. And, you are finished! For easy decoupage ideas, this one isn't bad!
This was a super fun decoupage project! I took a regular photo and uploaded it in Photoshop and turned it into a watercolor picture. If you don't have Photoshop there are several free online programs that will convert your photo into a piece of art!
I ordered the print in an 8x10 size, and then purchased a canvas the same size.
Modge podge the back of your photo as well as your canvas and mount the photo. Be careful not to get wrinkles.
Once dry, modge podge the top of the photo using the "X" technique I talked about above. Once dry repeat this process.
How cute is this little guy? What an easy and cheap wall decor idea, that you can give as a gift, or make one for yourself! I am planning on having a large black and white engineer print made to mount onto a large painted board.
This is one of my decoupage ideas that is a little more time consuming. I purchased different embellishments to add to this canvas art, as well as using different scrapbook paper designs.
I have a free pattern you can download below, so you can decorate your cake in whatever design your wish.
If you have any decoupage ideas you would love to have featured, just click on the "Your Ideas" button in the left navigation bar. I would love to see your projects!
Return from Decoupage Ideas to Decorating Ideas Made Easy Homepage
Hello! My name is Jennifer Davenport. I am so glad you have stopped by. This website is full of ideas to help you "make a house a home". Here is a little about me...
JD Designs is my interior design business, located in Murfreesboro, TN.
Would you like to receive FREE decorating ideas? Subscribe to my newsletter delivered right to your inbox!
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Graduate Student
Sagar R. Shah is a doctoral student in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Sagar completed his BS in biological sciences and a minor in mathematical sciences with general and departmental honors in both disciplines at Clemson University in 2006 and was bestowed the university's highest honor, the Norris Medal. Subsequently, Sagar completed his MS in bioengineering at Clemson University in 2007 through a 5-year BS/MS program. Sagar is a recipient of the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. Sagar is interested in understanding the genetic controls of cancer cell growth and death.


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Home / Weight Loss / Expert Advice
Expert Diet & Nutrition Advice
Take the guesswork out of dieting with this collection of healthy eating advice straight from the experts.
The Healthy Guide to Juicing
Mom always told you to eat your veggies, but now everyone is drinking them. Will juicing really help you hit your weight loss goals?
Lose those last five pounds, find out if detox diets are worth it, and slim down with our expert advice.See All Questions or Ask Your Own »
Your Healthy Grocery Shopping Check List
Grabbing groceries can be a tough job, especially when you have to avoid the siren call of potato chips, sugary cereals, and all those candy bars by the checkout counter. To keep your diet on track, use our list to fill your cart in a flash.


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Seafood pizza
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I give no quantities, as I think it varies according to availabilty and tastes. What makes this pizza a little different is the method, as many of the ingredients can be quite watery and would spoil it if cooked all together. If using raw asparragus, mussels and clams, open these over medium heat with a little water, drain and remove from thier shells, and boil the asparragus tips for 5-10 min in a little salted water. Drain well. Roll out your pizza base, spread with tomato sauce and cook in a hot oven (220C) for 5 min. Distribute wafer-thin slices of firm white fish, and pealed prawns, and return to the oven for 2 min. Now add the cooked ingredients, break up the mozzarella and distribute it all over the pizza, sprinkle with olive oil and return to the oven till the cheese has melted. I actually made two pizzas, leaving out this last step with the second, which I gave to my kids with instructions to cook it as they would any bought fresh (not frozen) pizza They loved it::thumbsup:


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It has been so long since I was on a non-skyteam flight that I honestly cannot remember when it was. I think maybe 5 or 6 years ago, maybe on an AA flight? So this was an adventure for me and my wife!
First let me commend United's regional jet partner. The inbound out of SBN was late due to winds at ORD and they turned the puppy in no time. And I mean as fast as people were off, they were boarding us to go back. Wow! Now thanks to "cell phone guy" we did have to wait a little longer, but we made it to the next gate with 15 min to spare. The United lounge was as packed as any Delta Skyclub as you can see.
I did not have much time to look around, but it looked like a std lounge. One nice thing was that they announced that the Lufthansa flight was now boarding and the 1st class line was very short since there were just 8 of us on the flight.
I was promised by Lufthansa that we would be on one of the upgraded 747′s with the new seat/bed configuration but that did not happen. Having said that, I was not disappointed and it is hard to see in the photo just how MUCH space you get. A mattress was put on my 2nd seat and it was very nice. I slept as well as I ever have on any flight.
I am not normally one to put up food photos since my fellow BA bloggers Ben and Gary do such a good job of it, but I will sneak in a few as the food was very good from the Champagne to start with caviar and then to the steak for the main course. All was top notch. The wine was a good red that retails for $45 / bottle from Austria. All very nice!
Also thanks to Ben and Gary, my directions to the 1st class terminal were perfect. Down to baggage claim, out the doors, turn left, a few min walk and you are there. Wow is all I can say. This is a lounge. I had tea, then a shower, then asked them to cook up a schnitzel to have with my eggs and potatoes from the breakfast buffet.
All great. Then, as you saw in my teaser post, the Mercedes Benz ride to our next flight. Remarkable. This flight is one of the reasons I collected so many Ultimate Rewards points and Continental points when those cards were available. I still have 270,000 more for another trip thanks to the 50,000 point INK BOLD and the 40,000 point Chase Sapphire Preferred® card!
It is great to be home in Sweden and here are some photos of the view of and from my mom's flat in town.
Gothenburg is a truly beautiful city. Clean, for the most part, and a "green" city with lots of tree and flowers all over the place. It is a city with water and on the water.
You can take a bus or a tram anywhere you want to go all over the city for about $2 a ride and if you can get back fast enough, 1.5hrs I think, the return trip is free.
Next week I will do part two of the trip report with lots of photos of the city and our trip back that is just about complete as you are reading this post!
For all those who doubt the value of points, the trip cost us just points and $111 each all-in to fly. If you have family who do not yet get why we do what we do, point them this way. – Rene
Editorial Note: Any opinions, analyses, reviews or recommendations expressed in this article are those of the author's alone, and have not been reviewed, approved or otherwise endorsed by any card issuer.
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6 Responses to "Trip report Lufthansa 1st class to Sweden part one"
Told you that new F out of ORD was going to be a long shot!
Did you have a chance to use UA's int'l first class lounge in ORD?
What is the best free website to search for Lufthansa first class and when do they release the seats usually?
Sounds like you enjoyed your adventure/ flight on Lufthansa!
@Dennis – if it was the one next to my flight yes, if not, no. It was a United Club but do not know what one it was. Just had 15min. But nothing like FRA 1st class!
@M – not a LT expert so I would ask my fellow BA blogger http://boardingarea.com/lufthansaflyer/ He knows his stuff on LT!
@ Michael – yes very much so. Txs – Rene
That first class looks awesome! I never flew first myself but I did surprise the girlfriend with first on her flight JFK-EZE and she loved it!
Glad to have you back stateside but Sweden looks nice.
Look forward to more pictures.
[...] common travel situations. I have not touched much on "aspirational" lounges, like the 1st class lounge in FRA, but do try to visit there once in your life (it is very nice). There is also a Citi & United [...]


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Over at ThinkProgress (and reprinted from OnEarth), David Biello has a story about a Norwegian Fjord that may help keep the Internet going.
Given a lot of the popular perception—and historical rhetoric—about the Internet, it would seem unlikely that anything as material as cold water would have anything to do with it. But as Biello argues (as do recent videos like the one above, books, and my final chapter), despite digital dreams of disembodiment, the Internet exists in a very physical world. And, also importantly, Biello writes:
The ethereal world of the Web has a very real physical presence. Behind every Google search, Facebook update, or Twitter tweet lies a gigantic computing infrastructure, at the heart of which sit massive server farms that collectively account for some 230 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions annually — more than emitted by the entire country of Argentina. Air-conditioning can consume as much as half the total power that digital giants like Google, Facebook, Twitter, Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, and IBM need to run their huge server facilities, and these are growing rapidly.
One solution is to move to a place that's already cold. Naturally cold air and, better yet, cold water, can result in significant energy savings. Locations for server farms are being explored across the far north, from Alaska to Iceland.
The more we understand about the physical underpinnings of the digital world, the better we can both respond to climate-threatening problems like the ones Biello describes.
And, I would add, the more openly and honestly we can confront the ways that the internet does not offer an automatic, disembodied respite from seemingly corporeal problems like racism, sexism, and xenophobia. The Mentor's dream is not reality.


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How Is Stress Incontinence Treated? continued...
Weight loss: Stress incontinence has been linked to obesity.
Timed voiding: Record the times that you urinate and when you leak urine. This will give you an idea of your leakage "patterns" so that you can avoid leaking in the future by going to the bathroom at those times.
Bladder training: In bladder training, you "stretch out" the intervals at which you go to the bathroom by waiting a little longer before you go. For instance, to start, you can plan to go to the bathroom once an hour. You follow this pattern for a period of time. Then you change the schedule to going to the bathroom every 90 minutes. Eventually you change it to every two hours and continue to lengthen the time until you are up to three or four hours between bathroom visits.
Another method is to try to postpone a visit to the bathroom for 15 minutes with the first urge. Do this for two weeks and then increase the amount of time to 30 minutes and so on.
Device: The doctor can insert a device called a pessary into the vagina to stop stress incontinence. A pessary is a ring that, when inserted, puts pressure on the urethra in order to keep it in its normal location. Doing so can reduce urine leakage. Possible side effects from using a pessary include vaginal discharge and infections.
Injections: Bulking agents are substances that are injected into the lining of the urethra. They increase the size of the urethra lining. Increasing the size creates resistance against the flow of urine. Collagen is one bulking agent that is commonly used. If successful, periodic injections may be needed.
Surgery: When other methods for treating stress incontinence don't work, surgery may be an option. Surgery is now minimally invasive and performed on an outpatient basis in most cases. There are three types of surgery designed to help keep the bladder in place and treat stress incontinence:
- Retropubic suspension: In this procedure, the surgeon makes an incision in the abdomen. The surgeon then attaches the neck of the bladder to the pubic bone with sutures.
- Sling procedure: In this procedure, the surgeon uses a sling made of either natural (human) tissue or synthetic material. The sling goes around the bladder neck and is attached to the pubic bone.
- Artificial sphincters: Most frequently used for men but also may be appropriate for women. A fluid-filled cuff is implanted around the urethra that can be opened and closed by the patient and that serves as a valve to contain the bladder content that might otherwise leak.
These surgeries can effectively treat the vast majority of stress incontinence cases. Side effects of surgery include continued or worsened incontinence or an inability to urinate.


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People Who Studied Abroad #348:
Harper Lee, author
United States
In her junior year at University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa, she was accepted into a program that allowed her to work on a law degree while completing her undergraduate degree. One year into the program, she went on a summer exchange to the University of Oxford (United Kingdom), then returned and dropped out of the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa to pursue a career as a writer.
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From Award-winning director Ron Howard and two-time Academy Award-nominated writer Peter Morgan come the heart-racing, epic action-drama film Rush. It is the true story of the legendary sports rivalry between freewheeling English Formula 1 racer James Hunt and his disciplined Austrian opponent, Niki Lauda, during the sexy and glamorous golden age of Formula 1 racing. Chris Hemsworth stars as the charismatic playboy James Hunt, and Daniel Brühl as his determined rival, Niki Lauda, with Olivia Wilde and Alexandra Maria Lara as the women who watched the men they love risk everything in the deadly competition.
Rush was nominated for two Golden Globes, including Best Motion Picture - Drama and Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture for Daniel Brühl. Also it has been nominated for two SAG Awards, including Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture and Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role for Daniel Brühl.
Gifted English playboy James Hunt and his methodical, brilliant Austrian opponent, Niki Lauda, first develop their fierce rivalry in 1970 at a Formula Three race in England, with Hunt winning after Lauda's car spins out. Following the incident, the two best drivers of Formula One engage in a complicated relationship where they race mercilessly during the 1976 season, clashing on and off the Grand Prix racetrack. Even when Lauda is severely injured during the German Grand Prix, he is stirred by the intensity of their rivalry to get back on the racetrack before he is fully recovered. While their loved ones watch on, they risk everything, pushing themselves to the breaking point where there is no margin of error for victory.
DVD and Blu-ray special features include deleted scenes and "Ron Howard: A Director's Approach" featurette, where fans get a behind-the-scenes look at director Ron Howard and how his passion for filmmaking allows him to create extraordinary films time after time. Exclusive to Blu-ray are bonus features that take a look at the making of Rush and the real story of the film.
- Chris Hemsworth as James Hunt
- Daniel Brühl as Niki Lauda
- Olivia Wilde as Suzy Miller
- Alexandra Maria Lara as Marlene (Knaus) Lauda
- Pierfrancesco Favino as Clay Regazzoni
- David Calder as Louis Stanley
- Natalie Dormer as Nurse Gemma
- Stephen Mangan as Alastair Caldwell
- Christian McKay as Alexander Hesketh
- Alistair Petrie as Stirling Moss
- Julian Rhind-Tutt as Bubbles Horsley
- Colin Stinton as Teddy Mayer
- Jamie de Courcey as Harvey Postlethwaite
- Augusto Dallara as Enzo Ferrari
- Ilario Calvo as Luca Cordero di Montezemolo
- Sean Edwards as Guy Edwards
- Martin J Smith as Jody Scheckter
- Rob Austin as Brett Lunger
- Tom Wlaschiha as Harald Ertl
DVD Special Features:
- Ron Howard: A Director's Approach - A behind-the-scenes look at director Ron Howard and how his passion for filmmaking allows him to create extraordinary films time after time.
- Deleted Scenes
Blu-ray Special Features:
Includes all DVD Special Features plus:
- Race for the Checkered Flag: The Making of Rush:
o Peter Morgan on Writing Rush - A look at the work of the Oscar-nominated screenwriter (The Last King of Scotland, The Queen) and how he creates screenplays known for exquisite drama, characters, authenticity and passion.
o Finding James and Niki - Chris Hemsworth talks about researching his character using archival reports and footage, and Daniel Brühl reveals his real-life encounter with Niki Lauda as a guest on the Austrian driver's private jet.
o The Light of Speed and Filming F1 - Oscar-winning cinematographer Anthony Dod Mantle discusses the intricacies of filming Rush and how he achieved the film's breathtaking race sequences with camera technology and skills never before possible.
o Around the World in One Location - Ron Howard and the filmmaking team explain how they created the illusion of filming all over the world while shooting almost entirely in the UK.
o Fashion and Styles of the '70s - The hair, the clothes and the colorful personalities of a glamorous decade shine as costume designer Julian Day and hair and make-up designer Fae Hammond take viewers back in time to the sexy '70s.
- The Real Story of Rush:
o Meeting James Hunt and Niki Lauda - Members of the cast and crew and intimate friends of James Hunt and Niki Lauda share their insights in a nuanced portrait of two complex men and their complicated relationship. This short documentary also includes a rare interview with Lauda himself.
o F1 Take 1: F1 Racing and the F1 Car - Mechanics and pit crew from 1970s-era Formula 1 describe the intense rivalry, competition and camaraderie between the various racing teams of the time.
o The Rock and Roll Circus - The glamorous F1 circuit of the '70s takes center stage in a look at the races, the music, the clothes and the lifestyle during a time "when sex was safe – and driving was dangerous."
United Kingdom
Release Date: January 27, 2014
- Rush Limited Blu-ray Combo SteelBook with DVD.
Best Prices:
DVD - $17.99 at Amazon.com, Target, $18.99 at Best Buy, $19.96 at Walmart.com
Blu-ray Combo Pack (includes DVD and UltraViolet Digital Copy) - $21.99 at Amazon.com, Best Buy, $22.99 at Target, $24.96 at Walmart.com
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- Walmart: Long Island locations or use the store locator for other areas.
- Amazon.com charges sales tax for all New York shipping addresses.


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March 2013 let passers registration, oathtaking schedule |prc, Prc on april 18, 2013 released results of march 2013 licensure examination for teachers (let). along with the official list of passers , registration schedule and.
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Ray J and Brandy to Be the Next Donny and Marie?
October 05, 2010 Behind the Scenes
Hip-hop singer Ray J was an "Extra" special correspondent Monday at the "Dancing with the Stars" performance show, and goofed-off with his sister, "DWTS" contestant Brandy.
"We want to brand ourselves as a unit, a brother and sister team. You're looking at the new Donny and Marie, baby!" Brandy once told "Extra".
Check out the "Extra" raw moments between the siblings, including Ray J's reaction to to the "love tap" partner Maks Chmerkovskiy gave Brandy during their performance.
Filed Under: Dancing With The Stars, Popeater, Brandy, Ray J, Behind the Scenes


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Why you need to buy an Android 3.0 tablet in 2011
Tablets are very much en vogue at the moment and it's easy to see why. You get all the snappy quirks of using a smartphone without the eye-strain. Leading the charge for slate superiority are a number of devices from leading manufacturers that come packed with the latest, tablet-centric version of Google's stellar OS, Android 3.0 and we're here to explore the top 5 reasons for you to choose an Android 3.0 tablet above its competitors!
Choice of manufacturer - By putting your mark next to an Android 3.0 tablet you're embracing choice. Namely the choice of who you want to manufacture your tablet. Maybe you've had years of loyal service from your Motorola smartphone and you want to continue that across to your tablet? Then you can choose to buy the Xoom. The open nature of the Android 3.0 operating system means you get to choose the size of your tablet too!
Multitasking - Competitors may talk about multitasking but what's on offer in those devices is more a sleep and resume functionality than true multitasking. With Android 3.0 able to make use of the dual-core power of certain tablets you can be sure you'll get a fast and stable experience, it's also worth noting the new multitasking panel that takes pride of place in Android Honeycomb, which affords you a detailed overview of your running applications and allows you to jump in and out of them at your leisure.
Price - Owing to the number of tablets on offer that feature Android 3.0 you can shop around to find the device that not only suits your needs, but suits your budget too, and once you've found the right one you then shop around some more to find the very best deal on the market! There's no need to contend with potentially discriminating pricing policy with Android because you can take your business where you like, not where the manufacturer says you have to!
Camera - Sure, a certain shiny new fruit related tablet has a camera but the number of tablets on the market that run Android 3.0 have a vast selection of different optics, to cater for every imaging requirement that you could possibly conceive of! Want more megapixels? Choose Samsung's Galaxy Tab 10.1. Want dual-camera 3D video capture? Choose LG's Optimus Pad. It really is a buyer's market with Android 3.0 powered hardware.
Replaceable Batteries - If you're travelling on an aeroplane and want to take your tablet with you to ease the monotony you can take a back-up cell if you choose an Android 3.0 device, meaning that, no matter how long and arduous the journey, your tablet will last. Also, would you want to send your device off, or even replace the whole thing when the battery finally curls up its toes? No, neither would we. Which is why we'd much rather opt for an Android 3.0 powered slate.
As you can see, the underlining theme when choosing a tablet powered by Android 3.0 is freedom. Google and its manufacturing partners believe that you should have your hardware your way and you should be able to use it how you like to boot! So why settle for a tablet encumbered with stabilisers? Get an Android 3.0 powered device and set yourself free!


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The rent at Del Mar Apartments ranges from $677 for a one bedroom to a $900 three bedroom. Apartments in this building are about 13% more expensive than the Maryvale average. This is a pet-friendly apartment.
This apartment is in the Maryvale neighborhood in Phoenix. The closest park is Tolleson Town Park Number Two.
Del Mar Apartments has a Walk Score of 37 out of 100. This location is a Car-Dependent neighborhood so most errands require a car.
Nearby schools include Amberlea Elementary School, Arts Academy at Estrella Mountain and Manuel Pena Junior School.
The closest grocery stores are mygofer, Carniceria Y Marketa Rancho El and A & J Liquor Mart.
Nearby coffee shops include Nationwide Gourmets, Starbucks and Starbucks. Nearby restaurants include Mr Leno, Mr Leno and Waffle House.
Del Mar Apartments is near Grand Canyon University, Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Headquarters and Western International University.
There are minimal bike lanes and the terrain is flat as a pancake. Del Mar Apartments is somewhat bikeable, there is minimal bike infrastructure.
Flexible Application Approval and leases of any duration to 14 months! * At 85th Ave. on West McDowell Road. Gated, condominium quality 1, 2, 3 bedrooms, 819-1408 sq.ft. Garage and covered parking. Adjacent to Desert Sky Mall, The Amphitheater, Gateway Pavilions Retail Center and Banner Estrella Medical Center. Tile entry/plank flooring, ceiling fans, faux-stainless appls, designer lighting and cabinetry. Microwave, icemaker, washer/dryer, high-speed Internet, satellite dish friendly, sunscreens available. Pool, fitness center with HDTV, business center, BBQs. WiFi Clubhouse, pool and business center. Short walk to elementary and middle schools. High school bus pickup within walking distance. Short-term Corporates and daily Guest Suites. Pets accepted - dog by breed, not weight. We provide an outstanding living experience including our dedication to the highest level of maintenance and service to our residents. (features vary)


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SPECIAL OFFER: - Limited Time Only!
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Rachel is a marathon runner, biker, and mom of two boys. Read on for tips from an athlete and a mom in a fit family.
With posts about workout strategies, motivational quotes, and healthy living tips, you'll always have a reason to stay fit.
Need some extra motivation? Coach Jenn, Chief Motivational Officer, to the rescue!
Find the inspiration to start your own fitness revolution.
Sports lovers can get updates about their favorite teams, events, and athletes here.
A fit insider's guide to what's happening around NYC. Great resource for information about new classes, studies, and gym reviews.
Like having a personal trainer as your best friend, certified trainer Kelly uses her blog to answer questions from readers in detailed Q&A posts.
Fitness instructor Cathe helps you get in shape with workout plans and answers to popular fitness questions.
Motivating fitness tips and fun workouts from personal trainer Nikki.
Running enthusiast Jessica blogs about her daily runs and workouts and shares delicious healthy recipes. A quick read of this blog is enough to motivate you to lace up and go.
Love Pilates? Pilates trainer Julie Schonfeld tells you how to perform Pilates exercises and offers tips for making your workout work for you.
Being a mom is already hard work, so finding time to be a fit mom is a challenge. Workout Mommy to the rescue! Get workout ideas and motivation to keep fit -- even after you have kids -- from this awesome blog.
Video posts make you feel more connected to this fitness blogger. Read about (or watch) her workouts, answers to readers' questions, and guest posts from friends and other fitness bloggers.
When this self-proclaimed Runaholic talks about running with Jillian Michaels, she's most likely talking about her iPod nano, which is named after the famous trainer. Read on for her health and workout tips.
Read along and get motivated by Girly Jock's daily workouts and healthy recipes.
Fall in love with running, just like this blogger did! Posts of her workouts are accompanied by lovely pictures of Southern California.
This site offers reviews of new fitness tools and weight-loss products to help you find the right gadget for you.
Yoga lover? Get the latest news on yoga and videos with new poses and sequences in this yogi's blog.
Find out about yoga events and news and read posts to help you get healthy from yoga teachers and health experts.
Keeping a journal is a great way to stay consistent with your workouts and fitness goals. Stay motivated with this yogi's blog.
We love the daily inspirational quotes and yoga videos posted by this blogger. And the name of the blog alone makes us feel more Zen.
Stay on top of the sports world with recaps from the latest games and updates about sporting events from around the world.
Originally published on FitnessMagazine.com, September 2009.


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July 14, 2014 9:39 PM
18th party congress Beidaihe Beijing Bo Xilai CCP CCP 5th generation censorship Chongqing Chongqing Model corruption Cultural Revolution democracy Deng Xiaoping economic growth economic reform gu kailai hard landing Hu Jintao Internet censorship Jiang Zemin leadership transition Li Keqiang Li Yuanchao Mao Zedong Mitt Romney Neil Heywood NPC NPC 2013 People's Liberation Army Politburo Politburo Standing Committee political humor political reform princelings propaganda reform Sensitive Words Series sina weibo stability maintenance Tibet U.S. relations United States Wang Lijun Wang Qishan Wang Yang weibo Wen Jiabao Xi Jinping Yu Zhengsheng zhang dejiang
Supporters Demand Wang Gongquan's ReleaseSouth China Morning Post's Amy Li reports online protest against the detention of billionaire civil society activist Wang Gongquan, part of a "Black Friday" of activists' detention and arrest: In a statement published on early Saturday morning, hundreds supporters of China's New Citizen Movement called on the Chinese government to release prominent venture capitalist Wang Gongquan, following his detention on Friday they described as "barbaric"
September 14, 2013 8:19 PM
Case Against Zhou Yongkang May Be Revealed Soon
Reuters reports that yet more former aides of former security chief Zhou Yongkang have been expelled from the Communist Party for graft, the latest
Sensitive Words: The Romance Is Over
As of March 19, the following search terms are blocked on Sina Weibo (not including the "search for user" function). Leadership Transition:
March 19, 2013 6:53 PM
Who Makes China's Foreign Policy?
As China's leadership transition is nearing completion, the Foreign Ministry is also undergoing a leadership change. China's foreign minister,
March 19, 2013 10:00 AM
- First Lady Sings Her Way to Center Stage
- Diaoyu Stand-off a Bid to Cement Xi's A...
- Li Keqiang Named Premier
- Xi Snubs Jiang With VP Pick
- What to Expect from China's New Foreign...
- What to Expect at the 12th National People...
- Changes and Challenges for China in 2013
- Is Xi's Wife a New Kind of First Lady?
- New Leaders Rule Two Different Chinas
- Chongqing, a Slippery Stepping Stone
- Li Keqiang: Liberal Background, Limited Leewa...
- Party Elders Block Reform Candidates: Report
- Mostly Men in Black
- Two More Tibetans Self-Immolate in Qinghai
- China's Dissidents: a Long, Hopeful Str...
- The Political Transition Will Be Tweeted (Upd...
- New Party Leadership Unveiled
- Committee Selection Belies "Intra-Party...


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Oct 15 - Homily: Blaspheming Against Our Mother
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Fr. Bonaventure explains how a blaspheme against the Holy Spirit can be taken as a blaspheme against the Spouse of the Holy Spirit, the Holy Mother of God. Ave Maria! Mass: St. Teresa of Jesus - Mem - Form: OF Readings: Saturday 28th Week of Ordinary Time 1st: rom 4:13, 16-18 Resp: psa 105:6-7, 8-9, 42-43 Gsp: luk 12:8-12 To Download Audio go to http://airmaria.com?p=22313
Blaspheme Mother of God
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text: ShareTweet "Mom, you know what you should be for Halloween? A dream killer. Cause that's what you are." Lovely. That little gem was tossed at me not by my dramatic tween, but by my normally even-keeled 9-year old boy. He had some cause. I'd just broken the news to him that I had chosen a… Continue Reading


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Zodiac compact Sagittarius
Item No.1238649084
November 23 - December 21. You seek adventure and always remain optimistic. This positive attitude continues to attract good fortune in your life. Enjoy this golden bow and arrow, decorated with a brilliant birthstone clasp made of light green crystal. Filled and refillable with Lucidity Translucent Pressed Powder (small size refill). Beautifully boxed, with a velvety pouch. Approximate dimensions: 2-1/8" diameter x 1/2" thick.
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2014 Ferrari 458 Spider My14 FOR SALE!!! Finished in Gloss White exterior over Black interior. With only 500 Miles this car is flawless, all original,... More
Convertible With 6 Speed Manual Transmission, Red With Tan Leather Interior, Driven Only 18,764 Documented Miles. Meticulously Maintained and Serviced With Records Since New.... More
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SoCal car restored in 1999. Meticulous 14 year maintenance history with all receipts and photos. Transmission / clutch and rear end rebuilt in 2014. New... More
1992 Ferrari LM Conversion. Yes! conversion as in street legal. let's face it, Ferrari knew what they were doing when they designed and built the... More
New arrival - coming soon!... More
Amazing 1972 Ferrari 246 GT Dino for sale with 54,529 original miles. This Dino is in spectacular condition, originally owned by Bill Harrah. This... More
1967 Ferrari 330GTC GT coupe, Show quality 4 year restoration of a low mileage GT coupe. Books, tools, two sets of wheels:matching numbers... More
Local Canadian Vehicle, Full History Available - Yellow Brake Calipers - Scuderia Ferrari Shields - Front and Rear Parking Sensors - 20in Diamond Finish Sport Wheels - Special Stitching... More
Carrozzeria Scaglietti: Ferrari CPO Warranty Available, Red Brake Calipers, 6 CD Changer, Electrically Operated Seats, HiFi Sound System, Yellow Instrument Panel, 'Scuderia Ferrari' Shields,... More
2012 Ferrari California SHARP ONE OWNER FERRARI CPO INSPECTED CALIFORNIA WE SOLD NEW. BLACK WITH BEIGE POWER DAYTONA SEATS WITH RED DAYTONA STRIPES. HAS SPECIAL FEATURES... More
Gullwing Motor Cars is proud to own and offer one of the most significant automobiles in Ferrari history. A true beauty and work of... More
2004 Ferrari 360 Modena F1 coupe finished in red exterior with black leather and features red calipers, 3 piece wheels, Ferrari Scuderia shields and... More
San Francisco Sports Cars offers this perfectly optioned 2011 Ferrari 458 Italia for sale. Finished in Extra Campionario Rosso Fuoco over a Nero interior... More
1974 Ferrari 365 BB Berlinetta Boxer The first rear-engine full-sized Ferrari, a legend at its inception... Chassis No. F102AB17511 Engine No. F102A000*00024 One of the First 24 Units Built in... More