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Windows vs Linux: Architecture, part I
[ Wednesday, 5 September 2007, Keyto ]
Linux is not a free version of Windows. The two systems differ not only visually, in the graphical user interface the user sees, but also functionally, as is frequently discussed, and legally to boot, which is constantly emphasized by the Free software community. The differences between them are so fundamental that drawing a comparison between them is nearly impossible. There are so many moot points that they could make up a very long list.
This part of my article concerns the architectures of Windows systems. The systems themselves are baffling ones, to put it mildly, but to know them is more than a necessity. (And a forced necessity sometimes…) When I say Windows, I mean the whole family of operating systems – NT/2k/XP/Vista – but mainly XP Professional. Many a time I've read anti-Microsoft rants, where the authors complained about lack of command line functionality (poor in Windows and very advanced in Linux), or installation processes, which create some problems and erratic application upgrades (just at the point the comparisons to Linux programs like apt-get, emerge and rpm show up). A lot of grumbles pertaining to wrongly set-up default user and root accounts could be found there. And so on.
These inconveniences are grievous ones in my opinion, more, they should be branded as top-level ones. But the fact remains that something can be done with them – more or less. For example, any Windows system I'm talking about here allows to create a user account after all. Linux as well makes it possible to unlock root account to work with. No problem. I must emphasize one thing — it can be done. Regardless whether someone will do it or not. I can't contradict as well the sentence that Windows' default configuration is "politically incorrect". But this very text concerns architectural solutions which cannot be changed one iota, mainly due to project's "derailed" design philosophy.
I admit to a certain simplifications in comments, even drastic ones, with premeditation. I want the article to be understood by everyone who has a basic knowledge of operating systems, so I ask those who know the subject well to remember this and do not show the signs of the ROTFL syndrome
This is a collection of random thoughts rather than a scientific article about Windows architecture so keep this in mind when reading and commenting.
Ground Zero or Collective Governing
As we all know, operating systems make use of a "user" notion. We can log in to the user account and then run amok within the "computer space" the account is defined by. With the exception of a group of system functions which are restricted for a unique user called the "system administrator". This fact is common knowledge. It can be a Unix's "root", a NetWare's "supervisor", or another "admin". The distinctive feature of this peculiarity is the fact that the user is a real Master of his system as Zeus was for the ancient Greeks.
Provided that we do not talk about Microsoft Windows systems, otherwise the matter would become more complex. Namely, the Microsoft's flagship product has at least two distinct administrators, as some of you know (and some of you don't). One of them is called ADMINISTRATOR user, the other is named SYSTEM user. The standard SYSTEM account is like an "agent" from the Wachowski brothers' Matrix trilogy. If we look at the process list in Task Manager we'll see that most of them belong to SYSTEM user. It is also the owner of the technical files like the System Volume Information (SVI) directory and its files. Our electronic friend, the SYSTEM user, is the only default owner of the file, so if we want to check the space it takes we will have to add the ADMINISTRATOR user to the list of permissible users. (Other users can be added too, but I do not recommend this option.)
I will try to explain in the next chapters why I think that "Though this be madness, yet there is method in it", and that the SYSTEM user is indispensable for the Windows system's functionality. But now, a short afterthought on its existence taken as a whole. It is common knowledge that every problem in the IT world can be resolved in many ways. Are all of them equally simple? Decidedly no. But the Kiss, "Keep It Simple, Stupid", rule has proved to work in real life. As I have written above, all operating systems have only one administrator in principle, and that's a simple solution. That's for sure, that the existence of another administrator would automatically create certain complications, to put it mildly. A trivial example: nearly all common Windows users do not know how to get into SVI directory (so they don't need the "advanced users" at all).
If I wanted to write a dirty trick which gathers a Windows user's passwords, projects and everyday agenda, I'd put the data just there. First of all, the SVI directory is not visited at all. What's more, most of the users do not know about its existence. Secondly, the directory evinces a magic feature of changing size in flushes by up to several hundreds of MB – both up and down. (Failover information is stored there). The ideal place. What is important, a computer virus is more efficient if it is able to infect executable files with the highest permissions. Once more, the SYSTEM user is the best for these types of tasks. For sure, the SYSTEM user will not make a hue and cry, as it isn't Artificially Intelligent.
Making an analysis of a Windows architecture, it might appear that the implementation of the "agent" was vital to the system… Really? I'll answer in a while.
And the Life is an Illusion
…or system start.
Let's vote, which system – Windows or Linux – starts faster. Most IT users would vote for the Windows systems. It is a solid proof for a thesis that one should deal with a democracy with utmost care. I suggest to run a test. Let's measure the starting times of the two systems with the help of a stopwatch. Let's start with Windows first. We switch on the computer, we observe POST messages or a BIOS manufacturer's logo, and at last we face a boot manager (GRUB, LILO, etc.) or we see a system's loading process. Here we turn on the stopwatch. Boring moments pass. Boredom filling our limbs… The system crunches and minces some data, but we are still lazily yawning… One more time and the login window appears. Most of the users would stop the stopwatch now. Unrecoverable error! The system loading is still going on! We type in a password and we see how the graphical environment emerges. Beg your pardon. The graphical environment and the system. Windows system finishes loading – depending on configuration – after several dozens of seconds after user actually logs in!
Picture 1. Linux loading (sources: Bootchart.org)
To examine the reasons that the system booting process was solved in a particular way, we must start from the ground up, or see to the notion of the system's kernel. It's funny – but everyone uses Operating Systems' names, but only a few know what it really is. If a precise definition cannot be delivered, it is advisable to create a list of features which will describe the idea. However, even the operating systems' specialist cannot agree how to define operating systems. Nearly all features are the same, but there is always a small "but". Even the operating system's bible – Silberschatz's book (A. Silberschatz, P. Galvin "Operating System Concepts") names two definitions. Generally, it is considered that the operating system is a program, which runs incessantly in the computer from the beginning (when the operating system has been started, not the computer!) until the computer is turned off (or restarted). All other programs are called "applications".
As Silberschatz writes:
An operating system resembles a government. It provides means to proper usage of computer resources. And similar to the government it doesn't make use of any useful functions. It simply creates an environment in which other programs might facilitate the useful functions.
In this view the operating system's definition is tantamount to a kernel definition. In other words, one could place an equality sign between the word "kernel" and the technical concept of an operating system. Generally, the phrase "operating system" is used to denote all those programs which are provided by a manufacturer to satisfy the demand for such a working environment. That's why the Linux name is often used to define the whole system, although the name denotes the kernel only. Let's assume that when I write about kernel I will use a full name – operating system. However, I say "system" when I want to describe all the programs as a whole, together with the kernel.
Now, the difficulties appear. The kernel tasks are defined very loosely. No one knows if management refers to blocking access to system resources or to allowing them to be accessible (e.g. a network card), or it has to deliver a handler (even if a partial one). In practice, the solution is not a simple one, as to master the resources, their specifications must be known. In other words, the problem boils down to one question: whether the kernel should be a program containing complete solutions, however basic, or the program should be focused on only one thing – administration, leaving all the works to do to "external" (to kernel) applications?
With the first example we get a really big program called a monolithic kernel. The second example defines a small and fast microkernel, which looks like an "underdeveloped" version of fully fledged kernel. Monolithic kernels are used by Linux systems (sometimes called Linux distros). Microkernels, for example the Mach microkernel, are foundations to Mac OS X operating systems (attached to Apple computers) and GNU/Hurd operating system which is still in its infancy (which is the case for almost two decades).
And another important matter. An operating system, or every operating system, is build like a cake (or gâteau). As we know the bottom part consists of a layer of biscuit, then it's covered with sweet fudge, then another biscuit disk, let it be a coffee-flavored one, and once more a fudge layer covered with jelly. As far as programming is concerned, such a layered structure is also used but it's called abstraction layers. And so as we have the first biscuit level (layer) in a cake which "lies on a hardware" (on a table), so we have a kernel in operating systems which manage the hardware (all operations depend on the layer). Next levels are then build on top of the kernel. For example – first we have X Window System, then on top of it a graphical environment (e.g. KDE), then window manager (e.g. kWin), and only then, on top of all the "layers", a Firefox web browser. It does matter that every layer sends messages only to its direct neighbors. When a jelly dribbles down onto a table it is high time to lay off the cook.
Picture 2. Operating System Architecture (sources: Wikimedia Commons)
Keeping in mind the layered model we will come back to Windows systems' booting. First of all we have to emphasize that the Windows system's kernel is similar to a microkernel. (To be more precise, the kernel is called a hybrid kernel – it can be placed between monolithic and microkernels. None the less, it needs many "helpers").
After starting the computer, the first thing which is loaded is a kernel indeed (ntoskrnl.exe). Next comes its best "friend", namely HAL module – Hardware Abstraction Layer which manages drivers needed for system loading. When the environment is ready, a Session Manager is put into motion (smss.exe – Session Manager Subsystem) which starts identification and authentication programs – or using simple terms – which shows the login screen. A user satisfied that his Windows "is ready" to use, may enter a password, which makes the system load system permission data (Group Policy) and then have up and running the tasks defined in Runonce and Run keys placed in Windows Registry (e.g. HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\CurrentVersion\Runonce). At the end, Autostart (from Start Menu) applications are loaded.
Linux systems present a different approach towards this problem. After the monolithic kernel has been loaded, the init process is started, which in turn invokes other processes (I suggest to issue a pstree command in a console while this happens). Practically, all the necessary system processes are started during the system start. So when a user sees login window (or screen) the only thing left to do is to attend to the KDE or GNOME graphical environments. Anything beyond that is ready to use. (Ubuntu team works at present to replace the init script with an upstartscript. But it doesn't affect our reasoning.)
The question – which solution is better – must be left without an answer. However, a short digression must be added to the end. Microsoft uses the trick notoriously. As psychology teaches, the most frustrating is a man's inability to act and his lack of influence on any processes, so moving the login phase into the middle of starting sequence of events, will give the user psychological comfort and it will be received better. And even though the monitor has displayed the famous task bar and icons, no one will be able to load an advanced spreadsheet application or a game. Most of the users are aware they must wait a while yet. Such solution is a better one than previous ones in terms of marketing but it backlashes in lesser stability or the system's safety and leads sometimes to the frustration of inexperienced users.
Taking into consideration the whole start sequence – Linux doesn't load slower than Windows systems. The foundation of operating systems, that is, all what is hidden behind the name is known for years. There's no wizardry in this world.
II Where the Hell is the Security?
Picture 3. Operating System as a cake.
(sources: Wikimedia Commons)
Why the opinion that Linux systems are safer than the Windows systems is so prevalent? Perhaps due to the fact that it is true. But why? Let's go back to the previous point. As I wrote, an operating system resembles a cake. You'll find its kernel at the bottom, and its applications placed on top. According to the cake, picture the kernel together with associated programs creating a so called kernel layer. The rest of the running tasks make up a user layer. In other words – the kernel layer creates an environment in which the user layer is ran. The system is divided into two – upper and lower parts.
We can simplify the matter if we are to write about the Linux, Mach (Mac OS X kernel), Solaris or BSD systems. Safety tasks are run within the kernel layer. Basically, in the kernel alone. The Mach microkernel has additional safety modules which run in the kernel layer as auxiliary programs. Protection in Unix systems is always on, moreover, it is simple in terms of design and due to that statistically tougher to crack.
The same cannot be said about Windows systems. The protection subsystems are more complex and they run within the user layer. The logic lying behind is screwed up. The operating system is deaf and blind. It creates an environment. The programs which can "talk" to the environment are started in the user layer, so the protection which works on the same level should be efficient. Read from a paper, it is true, but life is not so rosy. First of all, any program running in the user layer (protection is implemented as another program) is more vulnerable or prone to "disarmament" than protection implemented in the kernel layer. For second, one of the most popular computer protection systems, not playing with details, is a firewall. As it works in the user layer, it must be designed in such a way that it shouldn't find itself not starting in the system's loading process. At last, it is a program, and contrary to the kernel itself, it doesn't have to work.
A small digression. I have written earlier about the "SYSTEM user". This SYSTEM is needed by the Windows systems to start programs in the user layer, among others. After all, we mustn't wait to launch a firewall until John Smith is logged-in (after several hours in which his computer has been up and running). So the SYSTEM user is used. But it suffices, like in the Mach example, to place the protection subsystem in lower layer and have the problem off of a head.
"Keep it simple", old Rabbi used to say. Well, Windows' architects seemed deaf for this thoughtful advice…
III Mapping problems
Let's assume something like this. I have logged in to a Windows system as a common user. Let's check what disks have been attached to my system or speaking precisely – what disks have been mapped to my system. I have found, as a "normal" user, a few network disks from two servers. My computer runs several programs. You'll find among them local ones, one from the first server, and another one from the second server. All the applications make use of several dozen files at once, some of them placed on the two servers.
Let's assume now that at one time I have decided to read the data from a file owned by a server administrator (and it has just happened to be me). Oh, Lord! How I did yearn to work with any Unix system in such conditions! Any attempt to attach admin resources will end up with the message: "Multiple links to server or to shared resources by the same user, making use of the user's name more than once, is not allowed. Disconnect all previous server connections and try to reconnect." Marvelous!
If I was working under Linux or OS X I'd be able to mount the needed device and to make use of a file, using a nice and simple program called smbmount. The program treats every connection as a unique one and "pays no attention" to such conditions where another copy of itself has just made a connection to the same device under the name of another user. This is the direct result of conceptually complex design of the user layer, which I described earlier in this article. It can be commented only one way: another proof for superiority of simplicity over complexity.
if there is interest in the subject… it will be continued… in a due time…
What the author has in mind?
It is not the author's intention to rekindle another flame war between Windows and Linux users. The author asks both sides interested in this topic to refrain from darting names onto each other. If one feels necessity to comment the article, please write "it is bad or not", or point where it should be rewritten in a broader perspective – what doesn't mean it should show superiority of one of the systems over the other. Such a statement would be highly subjective. And when I reckon Windows' architecture inferior to Linux one, it doesn't mean it is inferior. They differ. Writing operating system is a complex matter and too many times the chosen solution is so called "a solution of lesser evil". One is able to write a similar "list" of architectural items pertaining to Linux systems, but it would have nothing to do with Photoshop running or not on every of the two systems.
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45 Comments
Very nice and informative article. Looking forward for the next part.
You may want to check out the comments on Digg since some people feel you have innacuracies in this article – http://www.digg.com/linux_unix/Windows_vs_Linux_Architecture_part_I . Also, get your server ready!
Beautiful Hamlet reference.
Too much bias in your tought. I use many OS (Windows, Linux, HPUX, Netware, OS/400, Wang OS). Like many other, me first, we I first use an OS, it's not better than my old one until I work couple of months day to day with it. Then I can realy compare feature and deep difference. Your happy earing yourself that Windows is bad… bla, bla, bla. But not all the good things in life get the place they should. For a file server I say Netware is the best, but few people will agree, but also few people know Netware and NDS, by far Netware is a good server, but marketing made it's way and it didn't stay the #1. HP-UX is like linux and it's pretty good but you cannot but how come I cannot add a printer without shutting down the print spooler and all the other currently printing job. OS/400 is pretty good once you get to know but it's a close system so it's more stable. Can a free software run mission critical application? Will it be stable? Many OS for many uses. For linux to get mainly adopted we need to make it simplier for the average user. Only one distribution would help hardware and software company support linux. Like other I find Windows not perfect, but it's getting better and better by chance. In all the people I know (friend, relative, wifes, children, …) do all these people would be running a linux or evolution of Netware and still getting work done? Windows is their because it was adopted, like Office. The web is a good example. Everybody agreed to use HTML and their we have the Internet, that can be access by any OS. Finally, yes I hope that Red Hat, Novell Suse, HP-UX will get to something to average user could really adopted as an alternative to expensive, hardware hungry Windows. That all other things but of lobbying.
Sorry, but Windows isn't really "getting better and better by chance", as Vista is one of the few things in this world that could lead me into a suicide, if I was forced to use it 24/7. Most of the OS sales come from OEM market, which means that people buy a new computer and what you get? A Vista. Now, as Dell and HP are having a big success with their computers with pre-installed Linux, consumers don't have to put their money for something as horrible as Vista, when they just want a working computer for less money than they used to pay. What really gets me in Vista is that it's all "Big Brother" and asking me for my permission for everything and not just once, but all the time. After you shut down the service responsible for being such a whiney-ass, you'd expect to be able to use the system efficiently, but things like totally fucked up NETBIOS, that makes your network folders act just as sane as your regular hamster-molesting serial killer and spreading the whole administration into a zillion menus, which makes doing simple tasks so much harder than it used to be in XP, just make you wonder if there's any point in using Vista for anyone. Especially since my 64-bit Arch with Beryl looks much better than Vista and is much easier to use.
You didn't read his last paragraph, did you. The intent of the article is to talk about and compare the technical details of the OSs, in particular their Kernels and architectures. It is not to talk about which one is better.
Yes he does have some opinions in there about why he thinks that one design is better. but mostly it is outlining their differences.
Informative and good comparision from ground up.
Nice article, looking forward to part 2.
I must agree this is a well written article. (Didn't notice any inaccuracies, although my experience with Linux is somewhat limited)
I too am looking forward to the next part.
As far as topics I really would love for you to also expand the firewall area. I really like the firewall situation in Windows that allows you control over individual programs rather than ports. Linux it seems is limited to ports (and doesn't care which program (process) is going through.
As far as Windows VS. Linux,
Linux is great, but still not user friendly enough. A common user will generate millions of ID10T errors. (Current work on projects like Xorg, KDE, Gnome and Compiz-Fusion are focused on usability which is definitely huge progress.)
Windows is good (except VISTA — till at least SP2), it works and is much more user friendly. (Namely you can't be dropped from the Graphical user interface and have to fix it with the command line.)
As far as the command line being more advanced for Linux: yeah its a good thing, but not for new users (learning commands is rather annoying, although sys-admins love it.)
thanks Keyto. very informative and easy to read. exactly what i was looking for my class. looking forward for the following parts.
The article is hard to read in my opinion. Starting with the first section, no attention was given to why so many processes run as SYSTEM.
Did you know, even screen savers run as SYSTEM? If someone sends you a screen saver in an email and you install it, that screen saver will run with the highest privileges possible and can do whatever it wants to your machine.
Also, you cannot kill SYSTEM processes without doing some Windows API calls (e.g. C coding) and changing the local security policy. Contrast this with Unix-based operating systems where you can get to 'root' and know that you have full control of the system.
Your second section was the best, contrasting layers of security and the different mindset that Unix vs. Windows programs take. This should have been the first section to use the same layering in your article. This is a huge underlying weakness that wasn't elaborated on, and a great foundation for all other material that you may want to write about. It seems so common that Windows programmers take the easy way out in the security department, and when you multiply this by how many applications are out there, you have a huge risk.
Picture 2. Operating System Architecture imported from Wikimedia Commons is incorrect. The User Mode should be on top, and Kernel Mode on the bottom. User application, Shell, and GUI execute in User Mode, and everything below the System Call Interface executes in Kernel Mode.
How did you generate the bootstart.png image?
I took operating systems my Junior year. Computers are fascinating and interesting, but that was the class that I became amazed that computers are even able to function. We wrote an preemptive multitasking os for the 68hcl12 and that was one of the most complex systems I've ever worked on (Other then a compiler…New article?)
Anyways I love the technical details of these two systems and not the flame war!
(P.S. I'm not so sure about the monolithic kernel definition of linux… isn't that referring to preemptive multi-tasking? Could be wrong and gotta run. Thanks for the brain candy!)
Geez, I've made it down to picture 2 so far. I'm struggling to get through this article. It does have some interesting points written in it, but the grammar is absolutely horrid. There are comma splices all over the place. There are sentence fragments and run-on sentences found, at least, in every other paragraph. There is also a seemingly uncountable number of instances where words are left out of sentences; and you should almost never begin a sentence with the words "But" or "And" in well-written articles.
Here are some examples of what I'm talking about:
"These inconveniences are grievous ones in my opinion, more, they should be branded as top-level ones. But the fact remains that something can be done with them – more or less. For example, any Windows system I'm talking about here allows to create a user account after all. Linux as well makes it possible to unlock root account to work with. No problem. I must emphasize one thing — it can be done. Regardless whether someone will do it or not. I can't contradict as well the sentence that Windows' default configuration is "politically incorrect". But this very text concerns architectural solutions which cannot be changed one iota, mainly due to project's "derailed" design philosophy."
"Provided that we do not talk about Microsoft Windows systems, otherwise the matter would become more complex. Namely, the Microsoft's flagship product has at least two distinct administrators, as some of you know (and some of you don't)."
"That's for sure, that the existence of another administrator would automatically create certain complications, to put it mildly."
"In practice, the solution is not a simple one, as to master the resources, their specifications must be known. In other words, the problem boils down to one question: whether the kernel should be a program containing complete solutions, however basic, or the program should be focused on only one thing – administration, leaving all the works to do to "external" (to kernel) applications?"
"And another important matter."
That last one is in no way, shape, or form, a complete sentence.
I don't expect perfection in anything I read, especially technical articles. I'm far from an English grammar teacher, but the number of grammatical problems in this article, no matter how good the topic, make it almost unreadable.
The author of this article is not English native-speaker.
If you want to help proof-reading articles, you are welcome to join the team: http://www.nuxified.org/topic/help_needed_in_proof_reading_articles
Perhaps you would understand the article better reading it in the authors native language. I confess that I know only a few words in languages other than English. I appreciate and respect that this author and others makes an effort to communicate in a language that is second or third for him. And like other who have responded, I have found the article understandable and informative. As IBM used to post: THINK
Very interesting and informative article. It gave me some insight into a few of the deficiencies I'd noticed in Windows (specifically, that the "can't we all get along and share everything" attitude stems from security being based in the user layer and not the kernel).
However, if I'm reading it correctly, the article appears to have been translated from a foreign language (I'm not familiar with the author), because the English is oftentimes awkward at best and unintelligible at worst.
For example: "But it suffices, like in the Mach example, to place the protection subsystem in lower layer and have the problem off of a head."
And have the problem off of a head? Passages like that make the article harder to follow than it should be, and the technical nature of the subject makes it difficult enough. Not all of the article is like that, of course, but there's enough awkward phrasing to make it unpleasant.
Like many others here, I'm looking forward to part two.
Windows have advanced command control. Anything you can do in an MMC, you can probably do from a command prompt.
People buy machines with Linux on them so they can put a pirated copy of [flavor of Windows] on it, and save some cash.
There's no reason for any common user to get into SVI -ever. Though it's fairly easy to add Admin access to it.
Even my Windows 2000 box boots faster (just under 1 minute, and that's including the POST) than your linux machine, in this article, and it's on a 1.4 Ghz processor with 512 MB of PC2100 RAM. You seem to just compare Windows XP boot. When Win2k loads, it's ready to load a game within seconds of log-in. As are previous versions of Windows. Especially if you know how to configure your start-up apps and services. Then again you're speaking to, what, the average user? That has more apps load on start-up than I have installed! This is not a Windows issue. It's the user. Stop blaming Windows for what the users makes happen. Praise Windows for still working!
I couldn't make it through your entire article (I scanned most of it), you bored the crap out of me. Sorry, no ROTFLs for you.
Your bias and ignorance spoke loud and clear.
I know this one is a flame-bait but will still take it up. This is in reference to the comment there.
Windows have advanced command control. Anything you can do in an MMC, you can probably do from a command prompt.
I don't really understand what you mean by that. I have worked & seen the MMC & it doesn't even come close to what stuff I can do in GNU/Linux. I'm using Ubuntu & can use the same OS either for gaming,for doing mail/chat etc. or as a file-server or whatever.
People buy machines with Linux on them so they can put a pirated copy of [flavor of Windows] on it, and save some cash.
That's your perspective & you're entitled to it. From where I come from you can have an unauthorized version of windows running as it is. In fact MS stands to gain from unauthorised use.
There's no reason for any common user to get into SVI -ever. Though it's fairly easy to add Admin access to it.
My oh my,the problem is its not the user but viruses who do attack it. I have known of quite a few use-cases where viruses have gone & infected there. A messy affair to say the least.
Even my Windows 2000 box boots faster (just under 1 minute, and that's including the POST) than your linux machine, in this article, and it's on a 1.4 Ghz processor with 512 MB of PC2100 RAM. You seem to just compare Windows XP boot. When Win2k loads, it's ready to load a game within seconds of log-in. As are previous versions of Windows. Especially if you know how to configure your start-up apps and services. Then again you're speaking to, what, the average user? That has more apps load on start-up than I have installed! This is not a Windows issue. It's the user. Stop blaming Windows for what the users makes happen. Praise Windows for still working!
Ok let's say your windows box does, but then if as a user I want to, I can just recompile the kernel & have just the drivers I need. Also I can give also sorts of architecture flags & what not so it does. This is apart from session management what you are driving at actually.
I couldn't make it through your entire article (I scanned most of it), you bored the crap out of me. Sorry, no ROTFLs for you.
Your bias and ignorance spoke loud and clear.
The only thing I can say grow up. If you want to learn there is much in the world besides windows but that's entirely upto you.
You, sir, need to learn the difference between FOSS and FOS. And you need to get treatment for the latter.
I got an old computer (1.6 ghz, 64 mb ram) with a personally build version of linux, this boots up in 36 seconds.. But you are right, its not the OS, but the user mainly..
Anyways, you are very ignorant yourself, since you dont believe that there is any reason why regular people should use linux. I myself had never tried Windows untill 2 years ago (windows xp), i dual booted the thing, and i got so confused trying to install Windows, i mean, the format tool is very confusing in Windows, not very good design, and i hated that i had to go to the internet to find all the apps that i needed, instead of going into the synaptic GUI.
Also, whats up with the bluetooth assistant? I couldnt make any of my stuff work, even with the support of our local IT consultant at school, my wireless music (Sony MBR-100), and my cellphone (sony w580i) wouldnt work with xp nor windows 7..
I also caught a virus trying to download some driver for my soundcard under xp, but thats probably just me not knowing the right pages to visit to find drivers.. Never had to under linux..
Anyways, even though you bored the crap out of me, i still had the courtesy to read all of your post, to be able to make a fully informed comment to respond you..
I dont hate windows at all, i like that there are many games for it, but for working, i like my Linux computer, it just makes accessibility way better with compiz (no, not for the eye candy, but for the good overview)
Nice and informative this article is not! I just read through it, it surely needs some professional touch. "Screwed up and complex" is not words you want to use to define two products you are comparing! I am for Linux but I am also tired of black nail polish wearing wanabe nerds who have little or no background except in Microsoft Bashing! We ought to take position on merits!
Yes, Windows has its share of problems, and yes, Linux/Unix/other operating systems do have great advantages, but you would be surprised how large a percentage of the computer using population doesn't even know what a driver is. The vast majority of computer users just want to go to the store and pick up a computer with which they can access a web browser, use e-mail, type up a document and store/print their pictures. With Linux I have to deal with far more complicated issues in the general setup and use of the system.
Windows, despite what fanboys of many other operating systems say, is extremely easy to use (and my biggest complaint is that it is often too easy to use.) This is not saying I don't like Linux. I need Linux, I enjoy its advantages, and I will always have Grub with that Linux option there for when I need more power.
I must disagree that the Windows practice of bringing up the UI long before it is usable is "comforting" to the user. In Win98, most if not all functions were available when the basic user screen was first presented. That defined when I could start. Now, I have to wait some vaguely-defined time after my system is "up" till it is really up. It's the uncertainty of when the system will work that's a step back in usability. Extremely annoying.
Also disagree that the very latest Linux systems still rely heavily on the CLI. I use it a lot, but only for functions that I cannot perform in Windows, or else for which I must invoke Cmd (a CLI) in Windows. Otherwise, I use the Linux GUI for my particular distro exclusively, primarily so I can be sure it will work for my beginner students.
Dude smss does not shows the login screen, you need to study how windows really boots.
Also firewalls in windows run in kernel layer, try jetico personal firewall.
First, very nice article. I'm a semi-technical guy whose been in IT for over 10 years…and this is a very readable explanation for those of us who 'manage' in IT vs. those of us who hammer the keyboard 'doing' IT.
My recommendation for clean-up would come with the diagrams you choose to accompany your text. Picture 2 and Picture 3 in particular. I love graphics that enhance the read, however I found myself reading a sentence or two…looking over to the graphic…back to the text trying to map the two together. Mainly the graphic didn't cover the detail of what you sentences were about…then I tried to visualize where your sentences fit in the graphic…and while I could figure it out…it wasn't as intuitive as your overall message.
I would recommend studying a bit of Edward Tufte to maximize the effectiveness of delivering your message when you choose to add graphics to enhance your points.
Thanks and looking forward to part 2.
I find it hard to take this article seriously, why is this author a credible source of information about Windows architecture?
The security problems of windows xp was simply one of configuration of user accounts with very high privileges.
A question: If the separation of Kernel from User is better on OSX/Linux than Window as implied by the article in part II then why are privilege escalation vectors so prevalent on say OSX/Linux based systems.
I thought this was a great _concrete_ visual example of _both_ the differences in architecture, and why that translates into more maintainable (i.e. more secure) code.
While this article is mildly amusing at times, the author is so clearly biased that any analysis or conclusion must be viewed suspiciously. Since that effectively defeats the purpose of the article itself, it is simply not worth reading.
You can make sense of the article. You just have to want to.
After waging a nuclear war against m$win for about … years with users and after a cold war , I have somewhat managed to get the users to know what stable computing means with (of course) linux in FC3 and Centos5 incarnations in one small speck of the GPS in the +0530 timezone. quite a few of them have indeed installed at least openoffice and some even Linux. though it required a bit of extra effort from my side, they feel safe and comfortable now.
Actually m$ just needs exist for free software and linux and open source to thrive…
I don't care about flames.. but what the heck any thing that leads to uptake of GPL2 GPL3 licence and opensource and anything best is always welcome….
Rhane, Maharshtra, India
oops iot should read
Thane, Maharshtra, India
ps. incidently maharshtra means great nation and its power (electrical energy) situation is pathetic to say the least and to think that it housed the Financial capital of Bombay (now Mumbai) thanks to its wonderful governance
Great read. A lot of people do think Linux is in direct competition with Windows, but the reality is they are two different beasts that solve two different problems.
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- A hyperlink: <a href="polishlinux.org">GNU/Linux for everyone!</a>,
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printf("hello world");</code>,
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By Cpl. Carrie Booze
| | January 04, 2008
Sgt. Kristopher Kane, a native of El Cajon, was awarded the Silver Star Medal for actions during his tour in Iraq in 2004.
Kane graduated from Valhalla High School in 1998 and enlisted in the Marine Corps in 2001.
Upon completing his primary and secondary training, he served as a marksmanship coach at Weapons and Field Training Battalion, Camp Pendleton, Calif.
Kane then deployed to the Middle East and served with the 1st Marine Expeditionary Force as a squad automatic weapon gunner.
During Operation Al Fajr, Nov. 10, Kane entered a house held by insurgents while enemy rounds and hand grenades exploded around him and laid suppressing fire so his Marines could get to the wounded.
He held his ground while in the direct line of fire, even after a bulldozer collapsed the house, crushing his leg.
Maj. Kate Germano, commanding officer of Recruiting Station San Diego, said Kane and his fellow Marines are here today only because of Kane's bold leadership, wise judgment and complete dedication to duty.
The Hometown Marines Program was developed to generate awareness within communities of the heroic actions made by the service members who have received the Bronze Star Medal or higher, and police and firefighters who have received similar awards for heroism.
"What kept me going was hearing the screams of my injured Marines," said Kane. "All I thought about was getting them out of the building."
When Kane first heard about the billboard, he said that he was very surprised and was unaware that his community had the program.
"Hopefully we can take this back to our local communities and remind them of heroes like Kane," said Germano.
Although his local community sees him as a hero, Kane remains humble.
"It feels good to be recognized for my actions," he said. "But it is not about me. It's about the Marines who didn't get the chance to see this."


text:
Just Jason Jackin it, in San Diego!
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text:
To enable Windows Firewall in a domain environment, the Group Policy setting you would use is located in:
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The setting is called Windows Firewall: Protect all network connections.
For more detailed information on configuration check out this article here. It refers to XP but will work with Vista and 7 boxes as well.
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text:
See and share Beautiful Nature Photos and amazing photos of interesting places
These Animal Lyric poems are examples of Lyric poems about Animal. These are the best examples of Animal Lyric poems written by international PoetrySoup poets
While you sleep I tell you all of the things I keep inside throughout day.
Now that you can hear but not listen I find them much easier to say.
My hopes, my dreams, my fears, and everything in between
Your subconscious hears so keen, or so it seems.
My tongue is soft; I speak so sweetly
Knowing your reaction will never greet me.
Tonight will be different in what I want you to know.
It has everything to do with what I can't help but show.
I hold no claim to any religion but you've given me a place for my faith.
Somewhere it will never stale or lose its lavish taste.
You've shown me something I can see, touch, and feel,
And so before it I choose to kneel.
I know I don't say it but I miss you every day.
Sitting, thinking of the perfect words to be my choice,
Yet when you call I can't find any of the right words to say.
I'm just happy to finally hear your voice.
Even just a moment is enough to sooth my heavy heart;
Fearing the ends of conversations knowing we'll have to part.
I'll never be too far from you, always within arm's reach,
And in your days of darkness I'll be the light that you will seek.
I'll never let you leave too far from me, I'll stay close behind you in this world;
Secretly protecting what is mine, you will always be my girl.
I only want the best for you so the best of me I will employ.
Faithfully yours, I will always be your boy.
I close my eyes and kiss your soft sweet lips
And see the very best of you in loving bliss.
I see past the physical which makes you attractive
And focus on the things I can't see in which I'm attracted.
Your thoughts I'd love to hear them all.
Of the things you speak disinterest never makes its call.
My day will come, I know someday I'll be the only one.
And you I will pursue viciously,
Because I've given you the greatest gift I can give, to love unconditionally.
Yes our day will come, I know someday we'll be as one.
And you I will pursue viciously,
Because I've given you the greatest gift I can give… to love unconditionally.
The sweetest sounds of burning trees
A gentle stroking in the breeze
The calm has lasted past the storm
Cloudy visions, Satan's roar
Too many sights have passed my way
A time found only in the haze
The softest screams are running bare
My aching bones creak as I stare
You walk a distance towards me
The fall's eternal, can't you see?
I'm a memory in your heart
I whisper to you in the dark
The battle's started at the end
No one is coming to repent
The sinners grab their wine from prey
No judgment calling here to stay
The sport is reckless to be told
The one is laughing at his souls
It falters nowhere to be sure
The power grows forevermore
Like a spirit in the wind
I have no say in where you've been
But cross the line to come to me
And pay the price for ecstasy
You walk a distance towards me
The fall's eternal, can't you see?
I'm a memory in your heart
I whisper to you in the dark.
"Conceive true deception multiplied a million fold
visualize the yin and yang in a battle so intense
that we get em confused
the resident evil specialize in misconstruing
We wanna be at a presidential level -- what are we doing?
foolin' ourself, clownin ourself, playin ourself
by not bein ourself
We can`t babble no more than we can bob our head offbeat
Nimrod by the time we forty cause we can`t get our meat
while we ask no reason for the misplacement of the season
look at the picture that`s painted
tainted as the mind who`s blinded to the point
where Sodomites get all the rights
we fall for fights with fisticuffs
get pissed enough to miss the bus
It disgusts me to see my folks run up on
I say stand up on deception of time all of Revelations
and recognize this mind on the reality of horror
known as mankind
Jesus and his twelve disciples make thirteen
A righteous number of righteous men
even Judas the Betrayer came true in the end
the Devil says the end is the beginning
they teach that we were the product of incest
Invest no level of self into their system of Paganomics
stand with us and don`t look back upon it
just face this mind state
Otherwise Babylon..."
~this is to get Ruben Bailey's WuRdz to a new audience. a true STREET POET, Soothsayer
" And God took a handful of southerly wind, blew his breath upon it and
created the horse." ~ Bedoin Legend
In the magical moonlight
The silver outline you see;
Is a greyish white Mustang,
A wild horse I am.
Rambling free in the vast grasslands...
The long coarse skeins, my dark grey manes;
Dwells the blustering wind.
Early dawn
When air is wrapped in fleecy clouds,
I swim in the silent waters deep.
Mermaid locks leave behind a trail.
A canter, that's a hush, a heart that mellows;
Yet so strong , yet so rugged.
Thunder in the mountains,
Rolling fierce rain.
No fear I know,
As I go galloping, pacing long wild grasses..
Waves in a stormy sea.
Artists for eons strove,
To hold in their brushes
Lightning beauty.
Spirit unlassoed, in my knowing eyes
Hid behind my long eyelashes white.
Mystery unfathomable,
In my heart lies;
Wings which unfurl as I fly,
Taming the wind, blowing a gale.
Wild horse of the prairies, I am.
4th place win in the contest
For PD's : "My Best Pet or Animal Poem"
Honorable Mention
For kristen bruni's contest : "If I Was Animal What Would I Be?"
Written by Gautami Phookan
THEY graze in beauty on the land
of grassy glades and dewy dales,
and all that's best of dark and tanned
meets in their aspect and their tails;
thus mellowed to that tender hand
which Shepherd to gentle glen compels.
One fleece the more, one hair the less,
had half repaired the shearless grace
which wreathes in every woolen tress
or darkly tightens o'er their face,
where mouths serenely sweet express
how pure, how dear their grazing-place.
And on that rump and o'er that round
so strong, so firm, yet elegant,
the baas that win, the hooves that bound,
but tell of days in meadows spent—
a flock at peace with all around,
a drove whose milk is innocent.
01/26/2014, "First Poem On Soup" Contest
All the fish in the sea
Do not drink any tea
And they don't have some bread
For to eat with ham spread.
I once was like a catipiller young,naive,and new
Always living from my heart not knowing what
else to do.Easy to take advantage of, that is
just the case, people would walk over me
like I was their dirty used up suitcase.
Now I feel a newness coming, like a light
shining from the sky, colors fill my world
and I know I am blooming into a butterfly.
Purple,Pink, Blue and Green I can feel them
flowing through. Colors of the rainbow raising
me into full bloom. Wise and strong I am becoming
My faith leads me where I need to go giving me
insight and wiseness for only me to know.
I have not done this on my own you see
I have been guided by God and Angels
on this Earth. Wise words the wisdom at
it's best comes from a wise lady who
seems to know me best. Lucky, I am
to have her in my life, she always shoots
it straight and tells me like it is, knowing
her words touch my heart and gives me tons of faith..
I feel like flying through the sky or climbing
a tree way up high. I feel like observing the
world just like a brand new butterfly so as I
Bloom I become Anew something unlike the past
Smart and wise beautiful on the inside and outside
a touch of color here a touch of color there
makes me glow and become a beautiful blooming butterfly...
Written By: Christina A McCullouch
A flying rainbow in light blue sky
Coloring more a garden as it flies
To each blooms,
it dances and pries
Fly free,
Fly high Butterfly!
My heart releases a deep sigh
As the butterfly
Children catch it with so many tries
But so sweet, pretty butterfly lands on my thigh
Fly free! Fly high, butterfly!
Once a shy caterpillar
hugging one leaf stem
Shielding its body from the snowy tent
Spring May comes and wind hums a warm lullaby
Little by little its cocoon shreds away
Revealing a transformed beauty,
No one can deny!
The butterfly flutters by and by
Soaring into the sun!
Fly free! Fly high, butterfly!
Keeping world's treasures
and reasons why
Awesome loveliness you freely display
But it's pity
Your life short to enjoy and play
on FULLEST THRIVE
Before, you kiss
the world Goodbye.
Note: From my readings, butterflies lifespan depends on these: habitat, climate, gender and their specie type.Average lifespan is a month.One day for the garden butterflies. Monarch butterflies and Heliconians for 9 months. Spring butterflies 9-11months. Male lives shorter than females.
(c) Olive Eloisa
May 25, 2014
Life flutters by
thus, everyone must push
be brave to give all things a best try
consequences are whirlwind of uncertainties
but the thing is we give it a try
our heart and soul pouring life
never let it run dry
If no money, medals or honor
it is alright and always fine
to our dearest God - divine
these will not slip on thine
spirits ripe, aims to deeper shine
more precious than anything in mine
June 02, 2014
Contest: Butterfly
Sponsor: Kelly Deschler
2nd place, to God the greatest glory.. :)
The masters of the ocean
Depending on you
What can they do?
They are grieving.
The masters of the ocean
Are crying for you
What can they do?
They are leaving.
It's a whale of a thing and a helluva fix to be.
If you're living the life of a whale that's in the sea.
All they want is ocean
and the space to run.
Freedom's just a morning spray
flashing in the sun.
All they ask is ocean
and the Hope to be
thankful God has given them
---------the sea.
It's a whale of a thing and a helluva fix to be.
If you're living the life of a whale that's in the sea.
It's a whale of a thing and a helluva fix to be.
If you're living the life of a whale that's in the sea.
© ron wilson aka vee Bdosa the Doylestown poet
Fishmongers Ball.
Two cats went out to jump and shout
At the old fishmongers ball
But wouldn't you know
They had no doe
So they gave old Ned a call.
Old Ned the dog he looked at them
With a great big happy smile
He said to them
'I'll take you then
Gonna spend the night in style"
Old Ned was kind
So they all dined
On fish and meat so fine
The whole night long was filled with song
They had a grand old time.
Everyone danced with minds enhanced
They danced the whole night through
And in the end
The cats and friends
They said "hey what a do!".
Then when the night
Had turned to light
Old Ned he said to them
I'm off to bet
To rest my head
I'll see you guys again.


text:
PISCATAWAY, N.J. (January 23, 2014) – Join the Rutgers women's basketball team at Mohegan Sun Arena as the Scarlet Knights vie for the 2014 American Athletic Conference championships March 7-10.
All-session tickets to all nine games of the championship are available through the Rutgers Ticket Office at $99 each.
Deadline to preorder tickets is Friday, Feb. 7. Rutgers season ticket holders can log into their accounts here while non-season ticket holders can call 866-445-GoRU to place their order. Seats will be allocated based on priority point order as of June 30, 2013 and there is a maximum of eight tickets per account.
Ticket preorders will be confirmed once seating is finalized on Feb. 14. Your credit card will only be charged if you qualify for seats based on your priority points. If your seating preference cannot be fulfilled as requested, your credit card will not be charged.
Follow Rutgers women's basketball on Facebook (www.facebook.com/RutgersWBB), Twitter (www.twitter.com/RutgersWBB) and Instagram (www.instagram.com/RutgersWBB) for all of the latest news and updates. Fans also receive timely information, including special offers and giveaways throughout the year on both social media outlets along with www.ScarletKnights.com.


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Development Genes and Evolution
Development Genes and Evolution publishes high-quality reports on all aspects of development biology and evolutionary biology. The journal reports on experimental and bioinformatics work at the systemic, cellular and molecular levels in the field of animal and plant systems, covering key aspects of the following topics:Embryological and genetic analysis of model and non-model organismsGenes and pattern formation in invertebrates, vertebrates and plants Axial patterning, embryonic induction and fate maps Cellular mechanisms of morphogenesis and organogenesis Stem cells and regenerationFunctional genomics of developmental processes Developmental diversity and evolutionEvolution of developmentally relevant genesPhylogeny of animals and plantsMicroevolutionPaleontology
Free color figures!
179 Volumes 787 Issues 6,011 Articles available from 1894 - 2014Browse Volumes & Issues
This journal has been published since 1894. From Volume 1 (1894) to Volume 97 (1923), it was published as Archiv für Entwicklungsmechanik der Organismen. From volume 98 (1923) to Volume 104 (1925) the journal was named Archiv für mikroskopische Anatomie und Entwicklungsmechanik. From Volume 105 (1925) to Volume 142 (1944) and from Volume 143 (1947) to Volume 176 (1975), this journal was published as Wilhelm Roux Archiv für Entwicklungsmechanik der Organismen. From Volume 177 (1975) to Volume 194 (1985) the journal was called Wilhelm Rouxs archives of developmental biology. From Volume 195 (1985) to Volume 205 (1996) the journal was known as Rouxs archives of developmental biology. As of Volume 206 (1996) the journal is published under its current title.
Latest Articles
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Evidence for the plasticity of arthropod signal transduction pathways
Ryan M. Pace, P. Cole Eskridge, Miodrag Grbić… (September 2014)
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SARP19 and vdg3 gene families are functionally related during abalone metamorphosis
Teng-Fei He, Jun Chen, Jie Zhang, Cai-Huan Ke… (August 2014)
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- Journal Title
- Development Genes and Evolution
- Coverage
- Volume 1 / 1894 - Volume 224 / 2014
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- Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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Girl Walk // All Day heads just outside Philadelphia to Cinema 16:9 for an evening of (3) screenings, dance classes, performances, a dance walk from the train station, and a party with DJs Inspector Peugot + Nex Millen. Come early and stay late!
Cinema Independence at the Lansdowne Theater (Cinema 16:9)
35 N. Lansdowne Avenue
Saturday, April 14th
5:00 p.m. Free dance walk from the Media/Elwyn line of SEPTA (Lansdowne Train Station) to the theater
6:00 p.m. : First Screening [BUY TICKETS]
7:15 p.m. Dance classes
8:00 p.m. : Second Screening [BUY TICKETS]
9:15 p.m. Dance performances
10:00 p.m. : Third Screening [BUY TICKETS]
11:15 p.m. After-hours dance party with DJs Peugot + Nex Millen
Open to ALL AGES. $12.
*Please note! Once you buy tickets to a screening you will get a bracelet and can sign up for dance classes, hula hooping instruction and more. Stay as long as you'd like, regardless of which of the screenings you attend.


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Last week in Gilbert Town Council meeting, the town of Gilbert got a great example of what happens when we have a tea party-dominated council. The Solar Sleeve Project on the city's light poles came up for a vote. This was a proven successful project and was given a green light by Mayor Lewis and two other council members, Ben Cooper and John Sentz.
This progressive step to have Gilbert save a quarter of million dollars over 15 years was stopped in its tracks by council members Daniels, Petersen, Cook and Ray. They denied the town of Gilbert moving forward in proven solar technology the city has been pursuing for years.
This is a prime example of what the future of Gilbert may look like with these types of votes coming from these people. They obviously do not want to move the town forward into the 21st century like most of our neighboring cities. It is real shame when one of the council members called solar a "failed technology."
It is up to the majority of the Gilbert citizens to stand up to these people and express their displeasure with the backward direction they want to take the town of Gilbert.
John Chiazza


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You ask me: "What is the most fundamental error of all these religions?" There are many errors and they are all fundamental, but first I would like to talk about the most fundamental. The most fundamental error of all the religions is that none of them was courageous enough to accept that there are things which we don't know. They all pretended to know everything, they all pretended to know all: they were all omniscient.
Why did this happen? It was because if you accept that you are ignorant about something then doubt arises in the minds of your followers. If you are ignorant about something, who knows? - you may be ignorant about other things also. What is the guarantee? To make it foolproof, they have all pretended, without exception, that they are omniscient.
The most beautiful thing about science is it does not pretend to be omniscient. Science does not pretend to be omniscient; it accepts its human limits. It knows how much it knows, and it knows that there is much more to know. And the greatest scientists know of something even deeper. The known they know, the boundaries of the knowable they will know sooner or later - they are on the way. And the unknowable: only the greatest scientists like Albert Einstein will be aware of the third category, the unknowable, which will never be known. Nothing can be done about it because the ultimate mystery cannot be reduced to knowledge.
We are part of existence - how can we know existence's ultimate mystery?
We have come very late; there was nobody present as an eyewitness. And there is no way for us to separate ourselves completely from existence and become just an observer. We live, we breathe, we exist with existence - we cannot separate ourselves from it. The moment we are separate, we are dead. And without being separate, just a watcher, with no involvement, with no attachment, you cannot know the ultimate mystery; hence it is impossible. There will remain something always unknowable. Yes, it can be felt, but it cannot be known. Perhaps it can be experienced in different ways, not like knowledge.
You fall in love - can you say you know love? It seems to be a totally different phenomenon. You feel it. If you try to know it, perhaps it will evaporate in your hands. You cannot reduce it to knowing. You cannot make it an object of knowledge because it is not a mind phenomenon. It is something to do with your heart. Yes, your heartbeats know it, but that is a totally different kind of knowledge; the intellect is incapable of approaching the heartbeats.
But there is something more than heart in you: your being, your life source. Just as you know through the mind, which is the most superficial part of your individuality, you know something from your heart, which is deeper than the mind. The mind cannot go into it; it is too deep for it. But behind the heart, still deeper, is your being, your very life source. That life source also has a way of knowing.
When mind knows, we call it knowledge. When heart knows, we call it love. And when being knows, we call it meditation.


text:
TAMPA, Fla. -- By now, no one should be surprised that the Pittsburgh Penguins know how to get the job done on the road in the playoffs.
James Neal scored 3:38 into the second overtime Wednesday night, giving the Penguins a dramatic 3-2 victory over the Tampa Bay Lightning in Game 4 of the first-round playoff series.
Pittsburgh improved to 7-2 in its past nine postseason road games dating to Game 7 of the 2009 Stanley Cup final, including a pair of one-goal wins this week at the St. Pete Times -- where Tampa Bay was 2-0 against the Penguins during the regular season.
Neal, playing in his fourth career NHL postseason game, couldn't have picked a better time to score his first goal.
"Given the situation . . . it was a big one. And definitely a fun way to get one," Neal said, adding that he's often watched overtime playoff games on television and dreamed of scoring a winner.
"You think about it in between periods and watching those late ones go deep into the night, and here you're thinking I wish I could be out there . . . and get that shot and win that one for your team," said Neal, who got his first career postseason point when he assisted on a goal in Pittsburgh's 3-0 win in Game 1. "I was fortunate enough, tonight was that night."
Marc-Andre Fleury stopped 29 shots -- nine of them in the extra periods -- to help the Penguins take a commanding 3-1 lead in the best-of-seven Eastern Conference matchup. Game 5 is Saturday in Pittsburgh, with the Lightning needing a victory to keep their turnaround season alive.
Neal gathered a loose puck along the boards and sent the winning shot from a tough angle past goalie Dwayne Roloson, who had 50 saves for Tampa Bay.
"As long as you keep shooting, one is going to find it's way into the back of the net," Neal said. "I didn't have the angle, but it managed to find its way in."
Lightning coach Guy Boucher said his team will head to Pittsburgh with intentions of bringing the series back to Tampa for Game 6 on Monday.
"I'm one of those guys who believes it's possible until there is absolutely no time left," Boucher said. "I've seen it done before, done it before. . . . Series are never about momentum. They're about desperation."
Martin St. Louis scored late in the second period and Sean Bergenheim added his first career playoff with less than 4 minutes remaining in regulation as Tampa Bay rallied from a 2-0 deficit for the second straight game against Fleury.
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But unlike Game 3, when Pittsburgh's Tyler Kennedy countered with the winning goal just 31 seconds after the Lightning tied it, Tampa Bay took this one into overtime.
The Lightning failed to take advantage of a power-play opportunity in the first OT, and got off only one shot in the second extra period before Neal ended it with his first goal of the playoffs.
Kennedy and Arron Asham scored, building Pittsburgh's 2-0 lead in the first 23 minutes of the game. Even after St. Louis scored with 2:46 left in the second period, it looked as if the Penguins might be able to hold on when they killed Tampa Bay's last two power-play opportunities of regulation to cling to a 2-1 lead.
But Bergenheim's shot trickled through with 3:17 left in the third to even it, even though the Lightning had been outplayed up to that point.
Each team played without a player suspended one game by the NHL because of hits during Pittsburgh's 3-2 victory in Game 3 on Monday night.
Tampa Bay's Steve Downie was banned for leaving his feet and launching himself to level Penguins defenseman Ben Lovejoy, and Pittsburgh's Chris Kunitz was disciplined for elbowing Lightning forward Simon Gagne in the head.
Pittsburgh was 0 for 15 on power-play opportunities -- and just 6 for 81 in its previous 26 games overall -- before Kennedy's shot from the left circle got past Roloson for a 1-0 lead. Asham's third goal of the series made it 2-0 less than three minutes into the second period.
The Lightning played much of the night without the desperation of a team about to drop consecutive games at home and move to the brink of elimination from the postseason. The sellout crowd of 20,326 -- with the exception of a generous number of Penguins fans -- had little to cheer until Vincent Lecavalier led St. Louis with a pass that the Tampa Bay star turned into a momentum-changing goal.
St. Louis raced up the right wing, cut in front of Lovejoy just as the defenseman dove to try to get his stick on the puck and beat Fleury to the far post to give the Lightning a chance.
Until Bergenheim tied it, St. Louis had scored all of Tampa Bay's goals in Games 3 and 4. Meanwhile, teammate Steven Stamkos is still without a goal in the playoffs after scoring 45 -- second-most in the NHL -- during the regular season.
"We're fighting for this team's life. We came back again," Boucher said. "These guys are fighting. They're up against a goaltender who is playing great and against a team who is playing great. It's tough to get through. We are out there pushing and grinding it out."


text:
Alfredo Behrens
Para o forum de executivos e empresários "Café com Líderes" clique aqui
Keynote speaker and workshop facilitator
on leadership and cross-cultural management.
He also designs jewels.
Which Alfredo Behrens are you looking for?
Suzy Welch: "Fascinante e inovador!"
Laura Aguiar: "Erudito sem perder o humor"
Nelson Blecher: "Ilumina as raízes da liderança na América Latina"
Publicado pela Beĩ
Other recent books:
The mobile Demoiselle, below, is a tribute to the pioneering Brazilian aircraft designer Santos Dumont, who flew his Demoiselle over Paris in 1907. Flying then was for birds and feathers. Learning to fly was accomplished while falling out a nest; wind could come to the rescue.
This is why in this tribute to Santos Dumont I combined the allusions of a feathered nest and a jangada sail.
Except for the sail, made of copper foil bathed in silver, the rest of the Demoiselle mobile is made of sterling silver. There is also an empty quail egg and a galinha d'Angola feather on the nest side. The pure silver threads that fix the sail to the silver structure allude to the sewing of the canvas to the bamboo that made Demoiselle's wings.
The background music played is a segment of Villa-Lobo's Bachiana number 5, Aria Cantilena, sung by Leila Guimarães and played at the piano by João Carlos Assis Brasil.


text:
Loaded | Illustration
I have been meaning to write about this one for a while. I put this one together about a month ago, and it has been posted in my portfolio and ot… Read the rest
I have been meaning to write about this one for a while. I put this one together about a month ago, and it has been posted in my portfolio and ot… Read the rest
Here is another piece for your eyes, a treat. You may be thinking to yourself that this isn't the kind of work I usually do. You would b… Read the rest
A small gift to the men and women who serve for the cause of our liberties, rights, and freedoms. I also would like to thank all those around t… Read the rest
Another round of highlight worthy sketches for another week. Enjoy! If you wish to stay a while, this week I wanted to talk a bit about persi… Read the rest
My brother and I have been working hard on the Atari Jaguar stuff, and new ideas, art, writting, and code, trickles into each and every proj… Read the rest
Warm ups. I am trying to do them more often, and often find them boring, and these are the wonderful results of trying to make them interesti… Read the rest
Ah… a blog post. It has been a while, and I should be doing this more. If you are a regular to my blog, I apologize. There is quite a bit of … Read the rest
I have been painting allot lately. Unfortunately, most of it I am not able to post on my personal blog or portfolio yet. I am involved in comi… Read the rest
Through Thor Media, I was tasked with producing 3 pieces of concept art for our client, Adaptive Studios. The pieces were based on a semi-f… Read the rest
I haven't been taken part in a CGHUB.com character forge challenge in a while, and I am glad the Micheal Buhler pointed me to this one … Read the rest


text:
Under 30 Minutes
Sardou-Style Eggs
Get MoreSubscribe to Martha Stewart Living
- 2 tablespoons unsalted butter
- 1 cup thinly sliced onion (from one small onion)
- 3/4 pound collard greens, tough stems and center ribs removed and leaves thinly sliced (about 6 cups)
- 3 tablespoons dry white wine
- 3/4 cup heavy cream
- Coarse salt and freshly ground pepper
- 6 canned artichoke bottoms, drained (from 1 to 2 cans)
- 2 teaspoons fresh lemon juice
- 1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil
- 6 large eggs
- Pinch of cayenne pepper
Step 1
Preheat oven to 450 degrees. Melt butter in a skillet over medium heat. Saute onion until soft, 7 to 8 minutes. Add collards and wine; cook, stirring occasionally, until collards are tender, 8 to 10 minutes. Add cream, and reduce heat. Simmer until thickened, about 3 minutes. Season with salt and pepper; keep warm.
Step 2
Toss artichokes with lemon juice and oil, and roast on a baking sheet until just beginning to brown, 7 to 9 minutes.
Step 3
Poach eggs in 2 inches of gently simmering water until whites are just set and yolks are still runny, 3 to 4 minutes. Remove with a slotted spoon, and blot with a paper towel.
Step 4
Divide artichokes among 6 plates. Top with creamed collards and eggs. Sprinkle with cayenne pepper.
SourceMartha Stewart Living, June 2012
Related Topics


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Yesterday marked the ten-year anniversary of the start of the invasion of Iraq. Oddly, there was little public celebration or commemoration from the war's architects, with the exception of Donald Rumsfeld via his Twitter account. Is there any hope that Rumsfeld along with Bush and Cheney can be airlifted and dropped into the rubble that was once Fallujah so that everyday Iraqis give their thanks in person?
Tag Archives | Donald Rumsfeld
Iraq Torture Payoff, Indigenous Fight Back, Truth Seekers Prosecuted, Free Cuban 5
Judge Napolitano Grills Donald Rumsfeld On WMD, Torture & More
Court Rules Citizens Allowed to Sue Rumsfeld for Torture
Two U.S. citizens were arrested, detained, held in captivity for months and tortured by the military after blowing the whistle on the now defunct private contractor they worked for. An Illinois court has upheld a motion to allow the pair to sue Donald Rumsfeld and other unnamed officials, but expect fierce resistance from the Obama administration. Aaron Cynic writes at Chicagoist:
… Read the rest
The Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals in Chicago ruled Monday two men can move forward with a civil lawsuit against former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld. The Tribune reports the Court upheld a decision from a federal judge allowing a lawsuit which holds Rumsfeld personally responsible for the torture of Donald Vance and Nathan Ertel, two former defense contractors in Iraq.
In 2006, while Vance and Ertel were working in Iraq for Shield Group Security, a private contractor, they began to suspect their employer of involvement in illegal arms trading, bribery, and other activities.
Did 9/11 Really "Change Everything"?
From WASHINGTON'S BLOG:
… Read the rest
We've been told that 9/11 changed everything.
Is it true?
Let's look:
- The decision to launch the Iraq war was made before 9/11. Indeed, former CIA director George Tenet said that the White House wanted to invade Iraq long before 9/11, and inserted "crap" in its justifications for invading Iraq. Former Treasury Secretary Paul O'Neill – who sat on the National Security Council – also says that Bush planned the Iraq war before9/11. And top British officials say that the U.S. discussed Iraq regime change one month after Bush took office
- Cheney apparently even made Iraqi's oil fields a national security priority before 9/11
- The Patriot Act was planned before 9/11
- Cheney dreamed of giving the White House the powers of a monarch long before 9/11
- Cheney and Rumsfeld actively generated fake intelligence which exaggerated the threat from an enemy in order to justify huge amounts of military spending long before 9/11.
Argentine Dictator Going To Jail – Is Bush Next?
The growing accountability movement got a major shot in the arm recently when it learned that on April 19, an Argentinian judge sentenced the last of Argentina's dictators, Reynaldo Bignone, age 83, to 25 years in prison. Bignone's crime: kidnapping and torturing 56 victims in a concentration camp during the reign of terror known as the "dirty war" that gripped Argentina from 1976-1983. This is huge, surpassing the arrest of Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet in his hospital bed back in 1998. (Pinochet died before justice could be done). The conviction of a former head of state for crimes he committed while in office sends a powerful message to all those suspected war criminals still on the loose, including some of the top leaders of the Bush administration.


text:
Hmm. That one pspupdates one.
Don't remember the exact site.
CougarKid - 06 October 2005 05:00 AMHmm. That one pspupdates one.
Don't remember the exact site.
Don't remember the exact site.
It's http://www.freepspupdates.com/
You could try http://www.thefreepsp.com/
They are both 6 refs.
the pspupdates website has alot of spyware, and the gratis one screwed me over!
I don't know about TheFreePSP
TheFreePSP is fairly new and many people have received gifts from them.
Do freepays its only 5 ref and everyone know freepay is legit be around for a while
also please visit my site on free stuff:
how did gratis screw you over? im curious o_O


text:
Raccoons have an off night against Wisco
Ryan McMillen would do this again, many times over in fact.
"If we got to play these guys nine weeks out of nine weeks, I'd take it," the Oconomowoc coach said after his team was on the wrong side of a 48-6 outcome Friday against Wisconsin Lutheran at Wisconsin Lutheran College. "I know that sounds crazy, but I really would, because they do what they do and to beat them you have to out-execute and play football and come right back at them. We didn't do that tonight, and that's why we lost."
The Vikings scored on each of their first four possessions and were only stopped on offense when the clock ran out at halftime and at the end of the game, turning a battle of two undefeated teams into a contest featuring a running clock in the second half.
Perennially a contender for the Wisconsin Little Ten title and much more, Wisco took a 27-0 lead before the Raccoons hit the scoreboard.
"They throw haymaker after haymaker after haymaker, and will you stand there and take the shots and come back?" McMillen said. "We took the shots and started come back, we just didn't have enough to come all the way back.
"We've just got to come in and play. We had the talent to do it this year. In other years, I don't know that we did. But we didn't show up to play for whatever reason. … We were just a step slow on everything."
In fairness, the Vikings possess a versatile and explosive running game, on display with backfield mates Adihia Bell and London Townsend. Bell's 47-yard dash to paydirt four plays into the game set the tone, and Townsend surged in from 20 yards away at the 3:05 mark in the first quarter.
With the score 21-0, the Vikings delivered one of those haymakers on a 4th and 4 from the 50, executing a fake punt for 35 yards and setting up Bell's second touchdown. Townsend later added another score, and Bell wasn't done, either.
After Raccoons quarterback Canton Larson engineered a smooth nine-play drive and scored on a 12-yard rush in the final 40 seconds of the first half, Cooney took the second-half kickoff and marched deep into Wisco territory, starting with a 1st and goal on the 8. On 2nd down from the 5-yard line, Larson threw a short pass picked off by Bell, who ran 98 yards the other way for a back-breaking touchdown.
"We felt good about our offensive scheme, we really did,"McMillen said. "As you see, we marched it, we knew we could do it. There's no doubt in my mind we can play with teams like this, we just have to do it. We're going to always rely on the defense as long as I'm here, and when the defense doesn't set the table, it's probably going to be a long night for us. Not that we can't come back, but it's going to be difficult. Canton showed some flashes tonight of being a dual-threat kid and (Zach) Poker played his tail off."
Poker finished with 129 yards receiving, including 50 on a shovel pass early in the third quarter. He nearly had a touchdown later in the second half but fumbled the ball at the goal line, and Townsend recovered.
In the grand scheme, the loss may make a conference title difficult, but Oconomowoc (4-1) remains very much on solid ground, needing one win in the final three games to reach the playoffs. A victory over Hartford next week on Homecoming would do the trick.
"If you ever come into a season and come into a goal to beat one team, you're mistaken," McMillen said. "We talked about getting back to work and doing our thing and staying true to the process. Are we out of the conference title race? By no means. This is high school football. Anybody can lose any night."
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1914 REO Mountain Wagon, excellent condition, ran when backed into garage 10 years ago, engine loose. Will sell at Public Auction, Sept 13, 2014... More
REO 1948 Speedwagon D19XA, 245 Cubic Inch Inline Six. The Classic Car Gallery is proud to offer this excellent 1948 REO D19XA Speedwagon. This beautiful truck... More