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Adjacencies & Disruptions – Amazon, Armani and identifying corollaries
Zeitgeist likes thinking about adjacencies. We've written about it before when looking at the art market, but it's also prevalent in other industry sectors. Think of the UK übergrocer Tesco. The company has expanded into movie distribution – with Blinkbox – as well into banking and mobile, albeit as an MVNO. Why? To diversify its revenue streams; the grocery market is a cutthroat place of late; Morrisons recent conceding that it would be setting off another price war among its peers was hardly greeted with cheers by shareholders. How? By using the equity of trust they have built up with shoppers over the years, they are able to expand into other, similar territories, where their (claimed) competitive advantage of good value and good customer service can be similarly applied.
Amazon has been nothing if not a company constantly on the hunt for the efficient exploitation of adjacencies. A recent article in The New Yorker detailed how CEO Jeff Bezos got into books because he saw the market was ripe for disruption; he saw the Internet was the perfect platform to sell such a product:
"It wasn't a love of books that led him to start an online bookstore. 'It was totally based on the property of books as a product', Shel Kaphan, Bezos's former deputy, says. Books are easy to ship and hard to break, and there was a major distribution warehouse in Oregon. Crucially, there are far too many books, in and out of print, to sell even a fraction of them at a physical store. The vast selection made possible by the Internet gave Amazon its initial advantage, and a wedge into selling everything else."
Zeitgeist remembers buying his first book from Amazon back in 1999. It wasn't long before the company expanded into music, and from there into myriad other offerings. Like Tesco, Amazon found its original industry to be a highly competitive one – at least in terms of margins. It has become a fairly ruthless behemoth in the publishing industry, acting as monopoly in its rent-seeking tactics. The Kindle was an extension of its strategy to 'own' the territory of books, and as a publishing company itself it has so far had mixed success, according to The New Yorker. The Kindle Fire addresses its new media offerings, principally video. Just as a recent Business Insider article identified the Xbox 360 as Microsoft's short-term ploy to encourage a customer to funnel all entertainment through their device before the launch of its successor Xbox One, so with Amazon and its Kindle Fire before this week's release of Fire TV. The Financial Times featured good coverage of the device here, quoting an analyst at Forrester,
"It is a slightly faster Roku box combined with voice recognition to make search easier and then they have created a full Android gaming device. This puts the product into a whole class of its own."
It will be interesting to see how the device competes with the much cheaper Chromecast, from Google, itself an exploiter of adjacencies. Google relies less on an equity of customer trust to move into new industries and more an innate belief that tech can be used to solve pretty much any problem. The search engine provides an affordable smartphone OS platform, connected glasses, globe-trotting balloons and driverless cars.
In the world of luxury, that essence of trust is treated with far greater reverence. This is principally why fashion brands have been such laggards when it has come to embracing digital communications and ecommerce solutions. tIronically, this approach, which by extension neglects a dedicated approach to holistic Customer Experience Management (or CEM) is arguably beginning to have a negative impact on how people perceive and interact with these companies. It is why adjacencies seem to happen less than temporary collaborations, an impressive recent example of which can be seen in BMW's recent tie-up with Louis Vuitton.
It was gratifying to see Giorgio Armani, a company that has carefully crafted diffusion lines as well as adjacencies into hotels and homeware over the years, recently buck the trend, sending out communications over its newest line, Armani Fiori. While style can be eternal, fashion can be quite ephemeral – as with flowers. It's not clear how much of a market there is for this. That being said, the sector is not exactly brimming with ultra-premium florists. And it might provide a certain level of reassurance for the man purchasing flowers, who can rely on the brand's prestige to assuage any feelings of whether he is picking a good bunch. Where it might prove especially successful though is in the B2B sector; the lobbies of corporate headquarters and luxury hotels could soon be awash with the fragrance of a designer flower or two.
Adjacencies tend to work best then when they start by identifying qualities inherent in the brand as it currently exists. I.e. what is our current competitive advantage? Is that scaleable or transferable to a related field? Often, as with the cases above, such acquisitions and movements arise when traditional margins are being eroded or under threat of such. Prada, a leader in the luxury sector, has as that leader borne the brunt of strong headwinds recently as the sector as a whole experiences a slowdown. Its own adjacent acquisition? Last month it bought an 18th-century Milanese pastry shop.
What will Apple's verse be?
Apple seems to be at a bit of a cross-roads at the moment. Attending a Mobile World Congress wrap-up event in Cambridge last week, Zeitgeist listened carefully to one of the key speakers, William Webb, casually toss off the following epithet; "Since Steve Jobs died, so has all innovation… Everyone was catching up with Apple, then they did and Apple ceased to innovate."
As a brand, the company is still strong. The above TV spot is one of the more effective pieces of advertising on the box right now. As a service, the story is less clear. So much ink has been spilled over the years writing about the imminent arrival of a fully-fledged Apple TV service, that the most recent rumours with Comcast did little to raise expectations. Variety called a deal between the two companies "improbable". Elsewhere, Business Insider said yesterday it was time for Apple to launch a music subscription service – the chart below will make tough reading for the iTunes side of the business, with negative growth in 2013.
Strategic clarity seems to have escaped the company of late. Are Apple's greatest days behind it then? We say, don't bet on it.
Tech's impact on business and culture in 2014
It would be impossible to capture the disruptive influence the latest digital technologies are currently having on the world in a single blog post. But what Zeitgeist has collated here are some thoughts and happenings showing the different ways technology is changing our lives – from the way we do business to the way we interact with others.
Last night saw a highly enjoyable occurrence. No, not the Academy Awards in general, which as ever moved at a glacial pace as it ticked off a list of predicted favourites. Rather, it was a specific moment in the ceremony itself, when host Ellen DeGeneres took a (seemingly) impromptu picture of herself with a cornucopia of stars, tweeting it instantly. The host declared she wanted the picture (above) to be the most retweeted post ever. The previous holder was none other than the President of the United States, Barack Obama, whose re-election message saw over 500k retweets. It took Zeitgeist but a few minutes to realise that Ellen's post would skyrocket past this. Right now it has been retweeted 2.7m times. Corporate tactic on the part of Samsung though it may have been, Zeitgeist felt himself feeling much closer to the action – being able to see on his phone a photo the host had taken moments ago several thousand miles away – and the incident helped inject a brief air of spontaneity into the show's proceedings. Super fun, and easy to get definitive results in this case on how many people were really engaging with the content. But can we quantify how much Samsung and Twitter really benefited from the move, beyond fuzzy marketing metrics? Talking heads on CNBC saw room for improvement (see below).
The big news of late in tech circles of course has been Facebook's $19bn acquisition of messaging application Whatsapp. Many, many lines of editorial have been spilled on this deal already. In the mainstream media, many commentators have found the price of the deal staggering. So it's worth reading more considered views such as Benedict Evans', whose post on the deal Zeitgeist highly encourages you to read. Despite the seemingly large amount of money the company has been acquired for – especially considering Facebook's purchase of Instagram for a 'mere' $1bn – Evans sagely points out that per user the deal is about the same as Google made in its valuation when it purchased YouTube. So perhaps not that crazy after all. The other key point that Evans makes is on Facebook's dedicated pursuit to be the 'next' Facebook, or conversely to stop anyone else from becoming the next Facebook. With a meteoric rise in members (see image below, as it outstrips growth by both Facebook and Twitter), Whatsapp was certainly looking a little threatening.
The worry for investors is how Facebook will monetise this platform, when the founders have professed an aversion to advertising. Is merely ensuring that Facebook is the 'next' Facebook a good enough reason for such acquisitions? Barriers to entry and sustainable advantages will be few and far between going down this route. The Financial Times, in its analysis of the acquisition, points out that innovation is quickly nipping at the heels of Whatsapp. CalPal, for example, is one example of a mobile application that lets users message each other from within an app. In the markets, there has been a relatively sanguine response to the purchase, but only because of broader trends. As the FT points out,
"External forces have also helped to push the headline prices of deals such as WhatsApp into the stratosphere. A global excess of cheap money, along with a scarcity of alternatives for growth-hungry investors, has boosted the stock prices of companies such as Facebook and Google."
One of the most visibly exciting developments in technology in recent years is the explosion of the wearable tech sector. But it is Google's flagship product, Glass, that has met with much ire and distress. An excellent piece of analysis appearing in MIT Technology Review last month hit the nail on the head when it identified why Glass was having trouble winning people over. The article rightly identifies the significant shift in external appearance inherent in making the switch from a device that needs to be taken out of a pocket as makes it clear when it is being interacted with (you need to cover half your face with the product to talk to someone, for example). The article also details the savvy approach Google have taken to the distribution of their product. It's always sensible to try and mobilise the part of your base likely to be evangelists anyway, so as to build advance buzz before a full-blown release. But to get them to pay for the privilege, as Google are doing with their excitable fans, dubbed Explorers, is a stroke of genius for them. However, the key issue, and what the article states is an "insurmountable problem", is that "Google's challenge in making the device a successful consumer product will be convincing the people around you to ignore it". It is this fundamental aspect of social interaction that is worrying many, and now Google is worried too. As detailed in the FT, the company has acknowledged that the product can look "pretty weird". Recognising it has a "long journey" to mainstream adoption, it published a list of Dos and Don'ts. Highlights include,
"Ask for permission. Standing alone in the corner of a room staring at people while recording them through Glass is not going to win you any friends… If you find yourself staring off into the prism for long periods of time you're probably looking pretty weird to the people around you."
It indicates that Google may have a significant 'Glasshole' problem it needs to attend to. The case may be overstated though. One of the problems may just be that potential customers have yet to see any practical uses for it. This is beginning to change. Last week, Virgin Atlantic announced a six-week trial of both Glass and Sony smartwatches. The idea will be for check-in attendants to use the devices to scan limousine number plates so that passengers can be greeted by name and be instantly updated on their flight status.
In the arts, digital technology has inspired much innovative work, as well as helped broaden its audience. David Hockney, one of England's greatest living artists, recently exhibited a series of works produced entirely on his iPad at London's Royal Academy of Arts. He is far from alone. Last week's anniversary issue of The New Yorker featured work from Jorge Colombo on its front cover, again produced entirely on an iPad. Such digital innovation allows for increased productivity as well as new aesthetics. When done well, art can also involve the viewer, encouraging interaction. Digital technology helps with this too. Earlier in the year The New York Times covered how the New York City Ballet redesigned part of their floor in a new scheme to attract new visitors to the ballet. The result, roughly life-size pictures of dancers arranged on the floor, has seen great success, and an explosion of content on social media platforms like Instagram, where users have taken to posing on the floor as if interacting with the images (see above). It's a simple tactic that now reaches a far greater audience thanks to new digital technologies.
A recently published book, 'Now I know who my comrades are: Voices from the Internet Undergound', by Emily Parker, seeks to demonstrate the ways in which digital technology has made helped to coalesce and support important activism in regions such as China and Latin America. But, as The Economist points out in its review, the disappointing situation in Egypt puts pay to some of the author's claims; there are limits to how productive and transformative technology can be. In business, these hurdles are plain to see. A poll taken by McKinsey published last month shows that "45% of companies admit they have limited to no understanding on how their customers interact with them digitally". This is staggering. For all executives' talk of the power of Big Data, such technology is useless without the proper structures in place to successfully analyse it. We also perhaps need to think more about repercussions of increased technological advances and how they influence our social interactions. In the recently opened film Her (starring Joaquin Phoenix, pictured below), set in the very near future, a new operating system is so pervasive and seamless that it leads to fraught, thought-provoking questions on the nature and productivity of relationships. When does conversation – and more – with a simulacrum detract from interactions with the physical world? These considerations may seem lofty, but as we illustrated earlier, the germination of such thoughts are being echoed in discussions over Google Glass.
So technology in 2014 heralds some promise for the future. Wearable tech as a trend is merely the initial stage of a journey where our interaction with computing systems becomes seamless. It is on this journey though that we need to make sure that businesses are making the most of every opportunity to streamline costs and enhance customer service, and that individual early adopters do not leave the rest of us behind to deal with a bewildering and alarming new way of living. One of our favourite quotations, from the author William Gibson, is apt to end on: "The future's already here, it's just not very evenly distributed".
TV's bloody disruptions
Last night, Zeitgeist eagerly devoured the first episode of the new season of Netflix's House of Cards, a series that has received lavish praise – not least from us – both for its content and its position as vanguard of a new wave of television distribution, production and consumption. The series lead, Frank Underwood, takes on his competition with a ruthless lack of morality that is unlikely to jar with those in the cutthroat television industry. The New York Times recently featured an excellent piece on the series, focusing on the showrunner Beau Willimon, the unique nature of doing such a show with Netflix, which among other things guaranteed 26 shows upfront, and the new mood of "post-hope" politics. Is traditional linear TV entering its own post-hope state?
Such talk of impending doom makes for nice editorial (which Zeitgeist is not averse to), but how true is it? To some extent, such new forms of consumption are being hampered by externalities as the platforms make the switch from early adopters to the everyday consumer. Indeed, Netflix's sheer popularity is proving to be a thorn in its side. In November last year, Sandvine reported that the content Netflix provides now accounts for almost a third of internet traffic in the US. This staggering figure no doubt accounts for at least part of why internet speeds take such a distinct hit during primetime viewing hours (see chart below). As Quartz has the insight to point out, such issues are less to do with intentional throttling and more to do with peering agreements between ISPs and content providers.
Such issues are likely to be ever more prevalent as the notion of net neutrality continues to come under attack. At the end of last month, a federal appeals court overturned the Federal Communication Commission's Open Internet Order, which had stipulated that ISPs could not prejudice one type of internet traffic over another. The fear of any such policy being overturned has always been one of the creation of a two-tier internet, where people who can afford faster internet get preferential access, and companies are free to charge distributors differing amounts based on the type or amount of content they are delivering. Such consternation was also felt in government, where five US senators called on the FCC chairman to "act with expediency" to preserve the open internet. The news immediately caused concern for Netflix, as shareholders fretted that ISPs might start to charge the company for the traffic it takes up. CEO Reed Hastings responded categorically,
"Were this draconian scenario to unfold with some ISP, we would vigorously protest and encourage our members to demand the open Internet they are paying their ISP to deliver."
Consolidation and the narrowing of choice took a further hit on Wednesday this week when Comcast announced it would buy all of Time Warner Cable for $44.2bn. The choice on cable landscape is already limited for the US, so it will be interesting to see what regulators make the deal. Chad Gutstein, former COO of Ovation, an independent arts-focused cable channel, penned an article in Variety saying that any concerns over the deal should be restricted to the possibility of abuse of a dominant position, rather than simply market share.Columbia Law School professor Tim Wu, writing in The New Yorker, rightly points out that the FCC should be approving such mergers only if they serve the public interest. He sees no such possibility in this instance, where the most pressing need for cable customers is lower prices. Last year, he writes, Comcast collected about $156 a month on average, per customer. For cable. Professor Wu contends that the merger would put Comcast in a position that would make it easier to raise prices further. This, despite the fact that conditions created via the merger would technically put the company in a position where it could create savings, both through economies of scale and more advantageous negotiating positions with programmers like ESPN and Viacom. Of course, Comcast is probably keen on preserving if not extending margins as it faces increasing competition from players like Netflix and Amazon. Cord cutting may be in vogue now, but Comcast will try to combat this by creating what is called 'lock-in'. Craig Aaron, president of Free Press, a consumer advocacy group, is quoted in the New York Times; "Comcast and the new, giant Comcast are going to do as much as they can to stop you from unbundling. In order for you to get content you like, you're going to be pushed to pay the cable bill, too". Such tactics will test the limits of customer inertia, but only if they have somewhere else to go as a viable alternative.
The switch to online viewing is also raising issues of policy change in the UK. Public service broadcaster the BBC has long left it unclear as to at what point requiring a TV licence is mandatory, leaving citizens to infer that simply owning a television set is reason enough. Recently though, the broadcaster finally clarified that owners can use their TV, with no fee, to play games, watch DVDs, basically do anything that doesn't involve watching live television. For the moment, this also includes their IPTV offering, iPlayer. In an article earlier this month, The Economist said the fee was "becoming ever harder to justify". Antonella Mei-Pochtler of the Boston Consulting Group, quoted in the article, believes the increasing trend of young people to timeshift their viewing is likely to become ingrained. Coupled with the growth of internet-connected TVs, this is bound to accelerate a shift away from traditional linear consumption. The BBC is soon to begin developing premium content for its iPlayer service in order to seek additional revenue streams that may offset a decline in fees paid. But as The Economist points out,
"[T]hat would suggest, dangerously, that the BBC is like any other optional subscription service. Folding on-demand services into the licence fee could also amplify calls for the BBC to share its cash with other broadcasters, not least because such consumption may be precisely measured."
When we look at the market for television sets and set top boxes, the news isn't that superb either. The curved TVs debuted at CES in January are surely little more than a distraction. Last week, Business Insider reported that Sony is to finally spin off its TV operations into a separate unit, amongst news of $1.1bn in losses and 5,000 job cuts. But while we've talked of consolidation and narrowing choice, we also need to recognise this is also a period of unprecedented choice for consumers. As a recent article on GigaOm points out, there are millions of channels on YouTube alone. There are growing pains. As consumption of such content moves "to the living room", the article details various sub rosa negotiationsby retailers like Walmart with their own video market, or players like Netflix willing to pay top dollar to put branded buttons on remote controls. What is clear, with all the issues described in this post, is that consumer choice needs to be preserved in an open market with plenty of competition. Such an environment will always foster innovation. This may breed disruption, but that doesn't have to mean devastation. The age of linear TV viewing may be at the beginning of its end, but that doesn't mean there's still a lot to fight for, even if it's a scrap. Frank Underwood wouldn't have it any other way.
UPDATE (22/02/14): The New York Times published an interesting article comparing Netflix and HBO recently, showing how the two companies are faring financially (see image above), as well as their approaches to developing content, which started off as opposing ideologies but are slowly starting to meet in the middle as they borrow from each other's playbook. The article quotes Ted Sarandos, Netflix's chief content officer: "The goal is to become HBO faster than HBO can become us."
UPDATE (22/02/14): Of course, commercial network television in general is also going through a period of consternation, slowly building since the day TiVo started shipping. At the end of last year, the Financial Times reported that share of advertising spend on television is set to end after three decades. This is partly due to a proliferation of new devices and platforms – not least of which is Netflix – but also partly due to the amount of people time-shifting their viewing and skipping through the ads along the way. Thinkbox, a lobbying arm for the television industry, recently published a blog article with accompanying chart. It illustrated how many people time-shifted a particular programme depending on the genre. For example, fewer people time-shifted the news than drama shows. But one of the key points made in the article is "that there is no significant difference in the amount of commercial TV which is recorded and played back compared with BBC equivalents. To put it another way: TV is not time-shifted in an attempt to avoid ads". This is specious reasoning at best. While it may be true that, yes, people do not discriminate between whether they time-shift a BBC show or an ITV show, it would be totally wrong to infer that those viewers are not avoiding ads when they do appear. The article's author is guilty of confirmation bias, not to mention grasping at straws.
Ski-chic Strategy – Moncler, North Face & Canada Goose
Interesting video from the FT on Moncler, above. London's more tony neighbourhoods of Chelsea and Belgravia have seen an explosion of thick down jackets over the past three years, mostly colourful, all with the same logo on them. They are worn as much by macho Eurotrash as Yummy Mummies. The brand is seemingly reaching a tipping point, where exclusivity leads to a bling reputation, where mass acceptance is quickly followed by mass exodus. La Martina has done a good job of steering clear of such waters, as we reported on in a state of retail article. While Moncler considers its IPO and a strategy for selling hot coats in Hawaii, North Face takes a completely different tack, embracing its mass appeal while still communicating an aspirational feel by showcasing the demanding professionals who use their apparel. Canada Goose, another recent entrant into the winter sportswear / city chic market, has also seemed to have had a burst of popularity recently. Zeitgeist saw no fewer than a dozen such coats around Soho and Chelsea this past weekend. An interview with the CEO of the company earlier this year described the strategy thus: "By focusing on the made-in-Canada, used-in-Canada story behind the coats, people would clamour for them."
It will be interesting to see what happens to Canada Goose as it develops; whether it will try to emulate the more ritzy path of Moncler or the performance-related one of North Face. Zeitgeist doesn't see many people in Europe on the ski slopes wearing Moncler, and doesn't see many players on the polo field wearing La Martina (unless they are a sponsor). North Face, on the other hand, seems to have a deeply-seated place among hikers and skiiers, particularly in North America. Time – and a sound strategy – will tell whether Moncler retains its exclusive airs.
This Thanksgiving, demanding shoppers
PSFK this week wrote about a subject Zeitgeist have taken great interest in over the years, that of tech layering over retail to create unique experiences. Our focus on this blog with regard to retail has often been the way that new technologies are disrupting traditional bricks-and-mortar establishments, sometimes for the better, sometimes for the worse. PSFK take data strategy back to basics, pointing out quite rightly,
"To succeed retail brands need to provide what has been called over the years 'a value exchange'. In others words, to learn more about a customer, we must always provide them something in return. This may manifest itself as discounts and other perks, but what if the reward was simply a better brand experience in itself?"
Earlier this week, as a precursor to the US going crazy for the Black Friday shopping extravaganza (even though The New Yorker tells us everything we know about Black Friday is wrong), Deloitte released new research on the way consumers like to buy their wares. Unsurprisingly, it seems shoppers are now keen for an omnichannel experience. Some of this talk may be a bit premature, or vary by retail sector. Online groceries, for example, though seemingly prevalent, are having little impact on grocers' bottom lines. In the UK, where the march of online shopping is advanced, grocery shopping online may account for just 5% of sales this year, according to Datamonitor analysis. Select highlights from Deloitte's report below – which mostly reads like customers are wanting to have their cake and eat it – full report here.
- The high street remains the number one destination for shops, services and leisure, compared to online and out-of-town: 59% use the high street for top-up grocery shopping, 58% prefer the high street for banking services, and 52% for cafés.
- Consumers still want more from their high street, and 73% believe that the consumers themselves should decide what shops and services should be available.
- The omnichannel experience is in demand with 45% wanting free high street Wi-Fi and 1 in 3 wanting to use a Click & Collect service.
UPDATE (13/12/13): The Economist this week published an interesting piece on the closing of UK department store Jacksons, which refused to keep pace with changing consumer demands. Interesting lessons on how to be cognisant of customer insight while trying to remain "authentic".
Monetising the Arts – Fundraising and cultural collisions
Damien Hirst divides the art world. No one thinks him a good artist, of course. But there are those who despise him for his commercialism, and those who recognise the ingenuity of the man and his innate sense of self-promotion and salesmanship. The apotheosis of this was undoubtedly Beautiful Inside My Head Forever, the infamous Sotheby's auction held on the eve of the global recession. The diamond skull that was the centrepiece of the auction was described as a "vulgar publicity stunt" by The Economist. In the auction's aftermath, the market for his works "bottomed out"; sales performed poorly versus the contemporary art market as a whole (see chart below). Despite such schadenfreunde, it was satisfying to read a positive review for the artist's new retrospective, "Relics", which opened last month in Doha. The exhibition is part of a major push by Qatar to make itself culturally relevant abroad. Indeed, the physical context in which the pieces are set do apparently allow the viewer to judge them anew, without all the tabloid baggage the artist's works usually bring with them. But concessions have had to be made too:
"In a country where Muslim clerics hold sway, the titles of these works, many of which feature the word "God", have not been translated into Arabic. Mr Hirst sees the sense in this, admitting that he wants his art to be "provocative in the right way". Nudes are also virtually banned from public view."
In an increasingly homogenised culture – by which we simply mean one where content from one nation is easily accessible and ultimately transferable to another – what does being "provocative in the right way" mean?
In New York, such questions were similarly asked in recent months, in particular at the city's two opera houses. One, the New York City Opera, recently filed for bankruptcy. The house has long been suffering from financial difficulties, and despite a last-minute Kickstarter campaign that raised $300,000+ in a short space of time, the curtain will fall on this institution. Its strategy seemed sound – to not be, rather than to beat, the competition, in this case the Metropolitan Opera. In pursuing this end, they often used American singers and often produced avant-garde works, the most recent and famous of which was undoubtedly Anna Nicole, about a Playboy model who captured the hearts of America's flyover states before meeting her tragic end. Such courage should be commended, and in a just world, rewarded, but sadly it was not to be. Indeed, the City Opera lost its biggest donor entirely because of this production.
The other of New York's opera houses, The Metropolitan Opera, a stalwart of tradition, is battling with political ramifications that are happening thousands of miles away. In June this year, in another blow to any sense of fledgling democracy in Russia, President Putin signed into law an act that restricted discussion or promotion of homosexual acts, labelling such things "propaganda". The New York Times cites one Anton Krasovsky, "a television anchor who was immediately fired from his job at the government-controlled KontrTV network in January after he announced during a live broadcast that he is gay, saying he was fed up with lying about his life and offended by the legislation". Such news quickly became internationally relevant when mixed messages came from the Kremlin as to whether openly gay athletes would be welcomed at the Sochi Olympic Games next year. Boycotts are being considered. Just as there are openly gay people in sports, so in the arts. The controversy settled on the Metropolitan Opera as it prepared to launch its new season with Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin. The new law, the almost universally acknowledged fact that the composer was homosexual, as well as the presence of talent (soprano Anna Netrebko and conductor Valery Gergiev) that were known Putin sympathisers, served to create a perfect storm. It was not long before opera fans were pleading with the Met to dedicate its opening night performance in support of homosexuals. Gergiev, an indisputably great conductor, as well as being a "close Putin ally", according to the Financial Times, has long been dogged by rumours of political favours from the President, and protesters are becoming increasingly vocal. His claim on his Facebook page that the law targeted pedophiles, not homosexuals, pleased few. The stubbornness was mirrored by the Met. Writing an article for Bloomberg, Peter Gelb, General Manager of the Met, attempted to clarify why the house wouldn't "bow to protest". Gelb conceded he personally deplored the new law, as much as he deplored the 76 countries that go even further than Russia currently by completely outlawing homosexuality. He went on,
"But as an arts institution, the Met is not the appropriate vehicle for waging nightly battles against the social injustices of the world."
Clearly, Gelb is declaring that such a mention before the performance would not have been – to return to Hirst's words – "provocative in the right way". But just as we have called it a perfect storm of political and cultural affiliations, was this not also the perfect opportunity for such a tremendously important institution to take a stand for those people who do not have such a prominent pulpit? Gelb asserts that the house has never dedicated a single performance to a political or social cause. Progressive thinking and innovation rarely develops from such thinking. Moreover, the Met has stood up for the rights of the marginalised in the past when it refused to play in front of black/white segregated audiences. So a precedent exists, which arguably is not being lived up to.
It would be naive to avoid acknowledging the pitfalls in the knee-jerk use of the arts to constantly promote change and stand against discrimination. In some cases, such calls to action can fall on deaf ears, or worse, provoke outrage that costs the institution and earns it an unfortunate reputation. Such damage to a reputation can be financially devastating (the New York City Opera is to an extent an example of this), which apart from anything else rules out any future opportunities to make such important statements. These organisations are, whether for profit or no, ultimately businesses that cannot afford to support every cause, no matter how relevant. Arts organisations have the rare distinction of often being at the intersection of culture, politics and money (which can often make for a murky combination). Perhaps what is needed is an entirely new fundraising model. Monied interests will usually be conservative in their tastes (why would someone want to change the status quo that allowed them to get where they are?). Increased use of crowdfunding, such as the City Opera briefly used with Kickstarter, will surely play a far greater role in the years to come. Such efforts could go some way to negating the worry of avoiding a few vested interests. What an organisation should or should not publicly speak out on must always rest with the individual situation, as well as how any statement is phrased, which does not necessarily need to condemn a party. As Andrew Rudin, the composer who started the petition to ask the Met to make a statement, implored, "I'm not asking them to be against anybody. I'm asking them to be for somebody".
Embracing digital – New moves for old companies
Are incumbent companies starting to see the light when it comes to embracing digital? Evidence is slowly starting to point in that direction.
Artists are known for embracing change and innovation, but the art market itself has been slow to adapt to changing consumer behaviour. Now mega e-tailer Amazon is selling art on its site, and venerable auction house Christie's is pushing headlong into online-only sales, as Mashable recently reported. And while fashion designers know how to use digital to push the envelope, the fashion industry as a business has been notorious for their skittishness at investing in efficient, immersive digital experiences for their customers, so worried are they about detracting from the brand. So it was reassuring to see during Paris Fashion Week recently that French marque Chloé had gotten the message. As Zeitgeist's dear friend and fashion aficionado Rachel Arthur details on her blog, the brand launched a dedicated microsite for their runway show. Brands like Burberry and Louis Vuitton have been doing this for at least three years, so in of itself it's nothing new. What made the experience different were two things. Firstly, the site created a journey that started before the show, and continued after it, rather than merely offering a stream of live video and little else. More importantly, it tried to make the experience one that reflected the influence of those watching. As Rachel points out,
"As the event unfolded, so too did different albums under a moodboard header, including one for the collection looks, one for accessories, another for the guests, and one from backstage. Users could click on individual images and share them via Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest or Weibo, or heart them to add them to their own personal moodboard page.
'[We] are excited to see how you direct your own Chloé show,' read the invite."
The recognition of platforms like Weibo should be seen as another coup for Chloé. Too often, companies send out communications to global audiences with perfunctory links to Facebook and Twitter. Not only is there no call to action for these links (why is it that the user should go there?), but there is no recognition that one of the world's most populous and prosperous markets are more into their Renren and Weibo.
Elsewhere, despite what seems like some niggling problems, Zeitgeist was excited and intrigued to read about Disney's latest foray into embracing how consumers use digital devices, this time creating a second-screen experience in movie theaters. Second Screen Live, as Disney have branded it, doesn't immediately sound particularly logical, as GigaOm point out,
"Of all the places I'd thought would be forbidden to the second screen experience, movie theaters were near the top of my list. After all, you're paying a premium ticket price for the opportunity to sit in a dark theater and immerse yourself in a narrative — second screen devices operate in direct opposition to that."
And yet the Little Mermaid experience that the writer goes on to describe cannot be faulted for its attempt at innovation, at reaching beyond current thinking (not to mention revenue streams), in order to forge a new relationship between the viewer and the product. Kudos.
Lastly, Zeitgeist wanted to mention the US television network Fox as a classic example of a company that has slowly come to realise the power of working with digital, rather than against it. In years passed, companies like Fox were indisputably heavily involved in digital, but only from a punitive standpoint. Fox and others were ruthless in their distribution of takedown notices to sites hosting content they deemed to infringe on their product. Fan sites that exploded in support and admiration for shows like The X-Files were summarily threatened with legal action and closed. There was little thought given to the positive sentiment sites were creating around the product, and little thought given to the destruction of brand equity that such takedown notices brought about. Not to mention the dessication of communities that had come together from different parts of the world, their single shared attribute being that they were evangelists of what you were selling. Clips of shows, such as The Simpsons, appearing on YouTube would be treated with similar disdain. So it shows how far we've come in a few years that this morning when Zeitgeist went onto YouTube he was greeted on the homepage with a sponsored link from Fox pointing him to the opening scenes of the latest Simpsons episode, before it aired. Definitely a move in the right direction.


text:
Glee Cast - Cell Block Tango
Mercedes, Tina, Sugar and Santana do the Chicago tune
(via fyeahgleeclub)
I miss glee club for the sole reason that I don't get to hear this kind of stuff anymore.
I have to agree! It was really fun.
wow this really could've been better I'm disappointed which really sucks because I love this song
3x17 - Cell Block Tango
Zan is dead now. This is her ghost.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Featured Products
2013 Ezzy Cheetah
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The Cheetah is a ripping camless Freeride model that balances excellent performance and speed with the absolute best construction of any sail in its class.
An enhanced version of last years collection as well. We've upgraded the Cheetah with colorfilm, a beautiful new graphic layout, and both our Calibrated Downhaul System and traditional downhaul head gauges.
- Detail Name 1:


text:
- Breed: Domestic Shorthair
- Color: Gray Or Blue (Mostly)
- Age: Young
- Sex: Female
- Hair: Short
My name is MAMA MIA!
MAMA MIA's Info...
I am already spayed and up to date with shots.
I RESCUED MAMA MIA WHEN ABOUT 6 MONTHS OLD AND EXPECTING YOUNG. BROUGHT HER TO MY HOME AND SHE GAVE BIRTH TO 4 KITTENS ON MAY 23, 2011. SHE HAS BEEN SPAYED, VACCINATED, MICRO-CHIPPED, For 'HOME AGAIN, FURR KEEPS' sponsored by IAMS FOOD. and Petfinder, , . SHE IS VERY GENTLE, BUT LIKES ATTENTION. ADOPTION FEE IS $50.00 including the microchipping. Her kittens were all healthy, sweet natured and adopted.


text:
Prius Healthcare is proudly 100% Australian owned and operated.
Our customers appreciate the advantages of dealing with a local Australian company, rather than a rigid multinational. We design our products for Australian hospitals and clinical practices (not European and American) and we listen to feedback and constantly refine our products and customise our services to suit you.
Also, our educational programs are created by Australians, for Australians. They are designed with the nurses' educational background and local clinical practices in mind. This may be a subtle difference, but it creates a more relevant feel and language and customers find that it is more easily learned, applied and put into practice than the standardised, legalised, generic "one-size-fits-all" materials we are used to from the USA.
Quality Assured
Prius are a quality assured company, accredited to ISO 9001:2008 standard.
The New Leaders in DVT Prophylaxis
Prius currently supply 85% of the Private Hospitals in Australia with DVT prophylaxis systems, as well as a growing number of public hospitals. With 15 different safety aspects built in, as well as cool, comfortable garments and the quietest pump on the market, these systems stand head and shoulders above the competition.
Furthermore, we are the only company with the full clinical range of therapies, so we are a true one-stop-supplier.
Our customers make a point of mentioning the excellent customer support, up-to-the-minute education and fast service responses we provide to every single hospital. At Prius we believe that leadership is created by keeping customers extremely happy, rather than just mechanically fulfilling a contract. That's why we're the new leaders.
Leadership requires a company to take a new stance – one of vision and innovation. We continue to listen to customer feedback and evolve our products and services to stay right on the cutting edge. You can rest assured that constant innovation and improvement are our hallmarks.
Contact Information
Prius Healthcare Solutions
Unit E, 5 Jubilee Ave,
Warriewood NSW 2102
24/7 Helpline: 1300 283 122
View Larger Map


text:
Environment - Windows 7 Professional (64), Ruby 1.9.3 p.484
gem install couchbase
Fetching: yaji-0.3.5-x86-mingw32.gem (100%)
Successfully installed yaji-0.3.5-x86-mingw32
Fetching: connection_pool-1.2.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed connection_pool-1.2.0...
I'm trying to update documents: REST API(Http Request) --> Sync Gateway --> Couchbase Server 2.0, like http://docs.couchbase.com/couchbase-lite/cbl-api/#put-dbdoc .
I have tried:
I've been trying to upgrade from beta to beta2. In beta I was relying on the ektorp library more so all my views were created using annotations etc and I've been trying to convert to using the native views for the library but I get a Failed to rebuild view SomeView/Name: 500 error when I try to...
Periodically, we are seeing the beam.smp process core-ing on our systems (RHEL 5.7, 24 core, 32 GB RAM). The partition where the core files are being placed is not large enough and the core files are truncated. Are there any known reasons that could cause the beam.smp process to core...
We are using couchnode for a couple of months now and we really like it, but we have experienced an issue a couple of days ago while adding a new node to an existing couchbase cluster and we would like to understand better the way couchnode handles unavailability from one or some...
We're replacing our memcached client with the couchbase php client.
We are currently using moxi (locally on each web server).
The $persist_to and $replicate_to parameters on some of the methods default to 0 and I am trying to find out what the default moxi behaviour is for this. I...
I have a problem with the CAP concept , lot of people seems to say that couchbase is CP in the brewer theorem but why? At my opinion it might be PA but maybe i'm wrong, so what are you thinking about?
I have created users through the Sync Gateway.
The user documents contain ID ( _sync : user : name ), name, password, roles and user's channels.
I am trying to send data and do a pull replication from an Android device with an app using Couchbase Lite...
Using builtin functions instead of custom functions is better, as I read in the doc.
Now the builtin function dateToArray doesn't include the milliseconds, so what do you suggest if I want the milliseconds to be included in my view for sorting?
Example in doc:...
I have sync_gateway and couchbase running on amazon AWS. How can I get set up to use SSL with couchbase and sync_gateway? I'm currently running couchbase on port 8091 and gateway on 4984.
I read here (...
Server 2.5.1March 31, 2014
Java 1.4.4August 5, 2014
.NET 1.3.9September 2, 2014
Node.js 1.2.4May 11, 2014
PHP 1.2.2May 11, 2014
Ruby 1.3.9August 27, 2014
Python 1.2.3September 2, 2014
C 2.4.1August 27, 2014
Sync GatewayBeta version
iOS SDKBeta version
Android SDKBeta version
© 2014 COUCHBASE All rights reserved.


text:
My #kitten thinks the dog collar is a #snake (Taken with Cinemagram)
(Taken with http://cinemagr.am)
weather gloomy
Day 10: gun wall stocked! Ready for an epic Airsoft weekend! #project365
Day 6: photography. Rapidly becoming one of my new favorite hobbies. #project365
Day 5: go buckeyes! #project365
Day 2: we have a love, hate relationship but a mutual understanding.
Day 1: my personal Airsoft gun ICS Sig-552 #project365
New camera came today
Is it bad my little nephew knows gow to gangnam style? (Taken with Cinemagram)
Gangnamstyle christmas entertainment
Armageddon 2012 (Taken with Cinemagram)
cinemagraph gif


text:
Seniority-based pay: Is it used as a motivation device?
AbstractThe purpose of this article is to explain what factors determine the use of seniority-based pay for production workers in Spanish manufacturing industry. The data used in order to achieve these objectives was taken from 774 Spanish industrial plants. The estimation of several ordered probit models enabled us to see that in firms where it was more costly for management to engage in opportunistic behaviour, deferred payment shows a negative relation to the use of devices, like monitoring or incentive payment, designed to align workers' objectives with those of the company.
Download InfoIf you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view it first. In case of further problems read the IDEAS help page. Note that these files are not on the IDEAS site. Please be patient as the files may be large.
Bibliographic InfoPaper provided by Department of Business Economics, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona in its series Working Paper with number 200103.
Date of creation: May 2001
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:bbe:wpaper:200103
Contact details of provider:
Postal: 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès)
Phone: 34 93 581 1209
Fax: 34 93 581 2555
Web page: http://webs2002.uab.es/dep-economia-empresa/
More information through EDIRC
Related researchKeywords: seniority-based pay; delayed payment; manual workers; Spanish manufacturing firm;
Find related papers by JEL classification:
- J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
- J33 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Compensation Packages; Payment Methods
- M12 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting - - Business Administration - - - Personnel Management; Executives; Executive Compensation
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text:
Facts about Jimmy Choo-calm, loving beauty
- Breed: Domestic Shorthair
- Color: Black & White Or Tuxedo
- Age: Young
- Sex: Male
- Hair: Short
My name is Jimmy Choo-calm, loving beauty!
Jimmy Choo-calm, loving beauty's Info...
I am already neutered, up to date with shots, and good with cats.
Only one of Charmin's four kittens is left - Jimmy Choo. He is an active, fun-loving young cat (born early Feb 2012) who has completed two distemper combination vaccinations and been neutered. He is laid back, calm, loving and big. He will get another distemper shot (good for three years) before adopted.
Note: Jimmy got very sick when he was about 8 months old. He got lots of special care for about a month. His blood tests were awful at first and he wasn't given much hope, but with special medicine, lots of fluids and TLC, his blood tests were perfect after a couple of weeks and the doctor pronounced him completely recovered! All that extra attention has made him even more of a people cat ... especially loving and attentive.
He, Dun and Diego are close to the same size ... 15-17 pounds.
His mother, Charmin, and her four kittens came to SOS Kitty from north-central Phoenix when they were only 2 weeks old. They have been well-fed since then and Jimmy Choo appears very healthy.
About SOS Kitty
About Our Rescue Group...I'm a retired Agricultural Engineer. I operated the rescue house for Safe Haven for Animals for three years 24/7 (40-80 cats & kittens, all wet food and medicines). There were animals that Safe Haven was not able to rescue that I began taking, so finally have chosen to focus on those in my own home and assist in placement of older cats in Safe Haven for Animals' rescue house.
I still do some workshop facilitation and small consulting jobs. I do cat rescue because I love animals, have an incredible mentor (apprenticed to vet before starting to rescue cats) and because there is huge need, especially in our current economy here in Arizona.
Donate to Our Rescue Group...private, no tax ID
Come Meet Our Pets...By appointment. Working on adoption events.
Purr-Suasions in Old Town Scottsdale has offered us a place to show cats and kittens. They are open 7 days a week, usually 10 am to 5 pm.
Two foster homes in north Scottsdale have offered to show SOS Kitty cats and kittens for potential adoption by appointment.
Our Adoption Process...Simple contract. Fee is donation, usually between $50 and $100 depending on animal. Special animals will have higher or lower adoption fees or arrangements.
We accept other donations, but are not a 501c3. Our veterinary costs at this time average $110/female and $92/male kitten. Food and litter avarage $1000/month+.
Cats we adopt from our home or the Safe Haven house have been tested for FeLV/FIV, inoculated against upper respiratory diseases and have been spayed or neutered.
We do not adopt out unaltered animals.
As of July 2012, we cannot take in any more cats until a significant number have been rehomed. We do not euthanize unless the health of the animal demands, so must make room with adoptions.
We adopt to indoor-only situations.
We seek homes where they don't declaw, but may be placing a declawed cat and, occasionally, might declaw to achieve a good home.
We work with a veterinarian to place rescued animals turned in to their clinic that are considered adoptable. We help in their recovery as needed first.
We work to find homes for passed over cats in the rescue house operated by Safe Haven for Animals, Inc.
Usually, the cats/kittens are in our home, private homes (SOS Kitty fosters) or in the Safe Haven rescue house. A few are on the local animal rescue network or in other private homes.
We may take the cat/kitten to the potential adopter's home for evaluation, We have foster locations where can show cats/kittens by appointment and we show cats at Purr-Suasions in Old Town Scottsdale and various pet stores on specific weekends.
We will take back any adult cat within 30 days if the placement does not appear to be satisfactory and refund the rehoming fee.


text:
GGA To Host Gun Shows In Burleson, Ennis & Glen Rose, TX
FORT WORTH, Texas, Aug. 2, 2013 /PRNewswire-iReach/ -- GGA Productions, the marketing arm of Greatest Generation Aircraft, will host the following GGA Gun Shows:
Aug. 10-11, 2013, at SPJST Lodge, 1150 S Burleson Blvd, Burleson, TX 76028
Nov. 9-10, 2013, at Sokol Lodge, 2622 East Hwy 34, Ennis, TX 75119
Jan. 18-19*, 2014, at Somervell County Expo Arena, 202 Bo Gibbs Blvd
Glen Rose, Texas 76043
*This will be a gun, militaria and survival show, to include military vehicles on display.
These are boutique-style shows, smaller than some of the shows frequently held in Fort Worth, however, GGA is monitoring table sales to insure that most are guns/knives. A limited number of tables will be sold to jewelry, candle, beef jerky vendors, etc. As a fund raiser, table sales will benefit Greatest Generation Aircraft's military aircraft restoration efforts.
GGA will also be promoting this show internally to supporters, as well as externally to the general public.
Vendor tables are still available, each 8 foot table is $75 and may be purchased online. Admission is $8 per person, parking is free!!!
You may bring your gun to the show – it must be unloaded, checked by the Police Officers at the entrance, and tied with a plastic tie. NO EXCEPTIONS – including concealed carry permit holders, the show is posted as such in accordance with Texas laws.
To sign up as a vendor, buy admission tickets, etc., please visit www.gga1.org/gun show, or call 817 659 9249.
Media Contact: Dana Wood, Greatest Generation Aircraft, 8176599249, email@example.com
News distributed by PR Newswire iReach: https://ireach.prnewswire.com
SOURCE Greatest Generation Aircraft
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text:
Click here to read the latest issue
Browse Sections:
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Cape Canaveral
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Now browsing: Hometown News > News > St. Lucie County
College offers help for veterans
By Dawn Krebs
ST. LUCIE COUNTY - Leaving military service and starting a new career in civilian life can be a challenge, especially if a soldier wishes to pursue a higher education.
To help with the transition, Indian River State College has created a Veterans Business Institute to address some of the cultural differences between military life and college life.
"This is our first effort to bring together people who think alike and that have been in similar situations," said Steve Payne, dean of the veterans department at IRSC, during one of the information sessions about the new institute.
One of the ways the institute will work with veterans is by offering small classes with an extra touch.
"The instructors have been trained to work with veterans to be successful," said Julie Clark with the career development program at IRSC.
"We will also be offering classes in a three-step format: a certificate program, an associate's degree and a bachelor's degree."
Another important aspect of the program is veterans will take classes together as a group.
"This will help to build the camaraderie among fellow veterans," said Ms. Clark. "They will go through the program together and be able to support each other."
Ruby Jefferson, one of the veterans' advisors, was also available to explain the maze of education benefits that veterans have earned since Sept. 11.
"This is another way for us to salute their service," Ms. Jefferson said. "We can help them understand all their benefits they have earned and what the new GI bill means."
The next information session about the Veterans Business Institute will take place at 6 p.m. Aug. 15 in room V-110 of the IRSC main campus, 3209 Virginia Ave. in Fort Pierce.
For more information about the program, contact Ms. Clark at (772) 462-7685 or email email@example.com.
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(Services near Froedtert Hospital)
Questions? Contact Us
Anti-rejection medications taken by organ transplant patients can put them at higher risk for skin cancer. In fact, solid organ transplant recipients are 65 times more likely to develop skin cancer than the general population.
For this reason, the Skin Cancer Center collaborates with the Transplant Center at Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin to educate transplant patients about skin cancer risks and to monitor them for early signs of the disease. Skin care, including a full skin examination, are a regular part of follow-up care for transplant patients at Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin.
Medical College of Wisconsin transplant dermatologists and other staff are knowledgeable about the skin cancer risks transplant recipients face, and are experienced with the many options available for treating skin cancer.
All transplant patients, regardless of skin color, are at higher risk for skin cancer than people who have not received transplants. In addition, transplant recipients with the following characteristics are at significantly increased risk for skin cancer:
For high-risk transplant patients, skin cancer can become a severe problem. Repeated surgeries for skin cancer can significantly decrease quality of life due to frequent procedures and scarring.
For skin cancer treatment:
Clinical Cancer Center, Froedtert Hospital
9200 W. Wisconsin Ave.
Milwaukee, WI 53226


text:
Join Now
Join ePHOTOzine, the friendliest photography community.
Upload photos, chat with photographers, win prizes and much more for free!
plenty on there
Any comments...yes.. This focal length means you'll be very close to your subject/target physically - too close for my liking but maybe it'll work for you..
If you want the lens to take macro photos in the 1:1 magnification range don't get the Nikon 40mm. The working distance of this lens at 1:1 is tiny, really tiny. You'll be not only right on top of your subject, but you'll be heavily shadowing it with the camera and lens, plus you'll have limited space to fit lighting setups in to correct the shadowing.
For general shooting and close up work, yes it can work well, but for 1:1 I would never use a lens shorter than around 60mm. The Tamron 90mm would be an ideal lens to start with, even though it extends you'll still have more room to work with and to light your subject.
Cheers for the advice, Do you know 100% if AF works on the D3100 - I'm pretty sure it does - I can always send it back if I absolutely have to, as I have on order now (v.exited!!) It was the extension I was worried about to tell you the truth but a few people have pointed towards The SP90, whilst away from 40mm Nikon micro - I'm sure their both ultra sharp - but I do want a good crack at getting properly close up. Just reading 'close-up photography' - Bryan Peterson, pretty good, he says you get the equivalent of one and a half times mag on a digital.
Magnification never changes no matter what format you use. Crop sensor or fullframe you still get the same 1:1 magnification ratio.
That is - the size of the image reflected on the sensor by the lens is the same size as it is in real life.
However what changes is the size of the frame; a 35mm camera (film or "fullframe digital") has a larger frame size, so it captures more of the scene around the edges as compared to a crop sensor digital camera which sees only the middle parts.
The magnification is the same, however if you were to print out (or display online) photos taken by both the crop sensor would "appear" to have a more magnified image.
Quote: any particular filter I should be looking for for this lens, either for macro or general/portrait ? I like to get one pretty early on as protection
I swear by B+W MRC filters and have only bought these for several years now. Not cheap, but you want something with as good quality glass and coatings as your lens!
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A good is considered nonexcludable if
it is impossible or very costly to exclude nonpaying customers from receiving the good.
A good is considered nonrival-in-consumption if
many individuals can share in the consumption of the same unit of the good.
When economists say that an activity meets the criterion for economic efficiency, they mean
the benefits that result from the activity exceed the costs.
What are the two distinguishing characteristics of a public good?
Nonrivalry in consumption and nonexcludability.
A free-rider problem exists when a good that has the following characteristic?
good that is both nonexcludable and nonrival-in-consumption is called a
public good.
The spillover effects of actions that affect the well-being of nonconsenting third parties are called
Externalities are fundamentally the result of
the lack of well-defined or enforced property rights.
Markets fail to allocate resources efficiently when
property rights are poorly enforced or not well established.
Suppose external costs are present in a market which results in the actual market price of $50 and market output of 800 units. How does this outcome compare to the efficient, ideal equilibrium?
The efficient outcome would be less than 800 units.
Suppose external benefits are present in a market which results in the actual market price of $34 and market output of 126 units. How does this outcome compare to the efficient, ideal equilibrium?
The efficient outcome would be greater than 126 units.
When externalities are present
competitive market outcomes may be inconsistent with ideal economic efficiency.
From the standpoint of economic efficiency, competitive markets tend to provide
less of a public good than would be efficient.
When production of a good provides external benefits, there will be
too few resources devoted to its production.
When a firm generates external benefits, a more efficient outcome would result if
the firm produced a larger output level.
As a general rule, if pollution costs are external, firms will produce
too much of a polluting good.
Because the benefits derived from an activity decline as it is expanded, it is generally
efficient to stop well before perfection is achieved.
Consider two goods--one that generates external benefits and another that generates external costs. A competitive market economy would tend to produce
oo little of the good that generates external benefits and too much of the good that generates external costs.
Competition as a dynamic process implies that the individual firms in an industry
utilize a variety of techniques, such as product, style, and price, to win the dollar votes of consumers.
Which of the following is the best example of a business firm operating in a competitive price-taker market?
An Indiana hog farmer that raises pigs.
When a law is passed that requires businesses to obtain permission from government officials in order to enter a market, this is an example of
a barrier to entry.
Which of the following is a reason to study the decisions of price takers?
The price-taker model enhances our knowledge of competition as a dynamic process.
"Competitive price-taker markets" and "purely competitive markets" are
merely alternative names for the same concept.
Several states require cosmetologists to undertake 1,500 hours or more of training in order to obtain a license to provide hair styling or braiding services. This is an example of
a barrier to entry.
Firms that can choose what price they will charge for their product and can increase the number of units sold by reducing price are called
price searchers.
Competitive price-taker markets are characterized by
firms that all produce the same product.
Which of the following is the best example of a business firm operating in a competitive price-taker market?
A Midwest farmer producing beef cattle.
Firms that are price takers
small relative to the total market
A competitive price-taker firm would be willing to remain in the industry in the long run at zero economic profit because
it is covering all costs, including the opportunity cost of capital and labor.
Competition as a dynamic process implies that individual firms in a market
use price competition as well as other forms of competition to gain the dollar votes of consumers.
When profits occur in a competitive market, this indicates that
consumers value the goods more than the resources used to produce them.
If profit-seeking entrepreneurs are going to be successful, they must
produce a product that the consumers value more than the resources required for its production.
The owners of a firm are earning economic profit if
they are earning a return on their capital that is higher than what can generally be earned in other markets.
The dynamic process of competition
puts the profit motive of sellers to work for buyers.
When the conditions in a competitive price-taker market are such that the firms are consistently unable to cover their production costs
some firms will exit from the industry, and market price will rise until the remaining firms can earn the normal rate of return
The dynamic process of competition
provides consumers with alternative suppliers and thus a mechanism with which they can discipline sellers.
If a firm is losing money, this implies that
the value of the resources used to make the product is being reduced.
If an amusement park that is highly profitable during the summer months is unable to cover its variable costs during the winter months, it should
operate during the summer but shut down during the winter months.
An important variable that is left out of economic models is
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a competitive price-searcher market?
The entry barriers are high.
A practice whereby a seller charges different prices to different consumers of the same product or service is called
price discrimination.
Price discrimination refers to a system of pricing
where consumer groups with a more elastic demand for the product are charged lower prices.
A competitive price-searcher market is best described as
many firms with some control over price, and some product differentiation.
Competitive price-searcher markets are common in
retail selling.
Which of the following is a term that is sometimes used to describe markets with low entry barriers and firms that are price searchers?
Monopolistic competition.
A competitive price-searcher market is characterized by firms
being able to choose their price and by low barriers preventing firms from entering or leaving the market.
Which of the following most closely approximates the conditions of a competitive price-searcher market?
The restaurant industry, which is characterized by firms producing a differentiated product in a market with low entry barriers.
The term price searcher applies to all firms that
face a downward-sloping demand curve.
For effective price discrimination to occur, a seller must
be able to prevent consumers from reselling the product to other consumers.
A firm in a competitive price-searcher market can raise its price without losing all of its customers. This is a result of
product differentiation.
Which of the following is a necessary condition for price discrimination to be profitable?
Groups of consumers with different demand elasticities must be easily distinguishable.
Suppose that competitive price-searcher firms are experiencing losses. In the transition from this initial situation to a long-run equilibrium
the number of firms in the market decreases.
A price-discriminating firm charges the lowest price to the group that
has the most elastic demand.
When a new firm enters a competitive price-searcher market, the demand curves faced by all existing firms in that market will
shift to the left.
Which of the following is a necessary condition for price discrimination to be profitable?
It must be easy to distinguish consumer groups with differing responses to higher prices.
Long-run equilibrium in a competitive price-searcher market requires that
the demand curve be tangent to the average cost curve.
If a firm in a competitive price-searcher market raises its price, it will
lose only some of its sales.
In order for effective price discrimination to occur, a seller must
have at least two distinguishable groups of consumers.
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Help Keep Your Alma Mater Strong. Donate Today.
The University of Delaware's online alumni community
The Outstanding Alumni Awards are presented annually to an alumnus and alumna in recognition of their exemplary work on behalf of the University of Delaware and/or the University of Delaware Alumni Association. For over 50 years, the University of Delaware Alumni Association has honored University graduates with this award. Past recipients have been honored for their Alumni Association activities and programs, leadership roles and dedication to reunions, college or department alumni activities, university steering committees and department steering committees, to name a few.
The 2013 award recipients were honored at the 2013 Homecoming festivities in October. They are Grace Thompson Leong '88 AS and Steven E. Linberg '73 AS.
Grace Thompson Leong ('88 AS): Grace has served on the College of Arts & Sciences Dean's advisory council since 2009 and is the current vice chair. Grace is also a member of the Horn Program for Entrepreneurial Studies advisory board based in the Lerner College of Business and Economics. For several years, Grace has been a professional advisor to UD's Public Relations Student Society of America, and has provided resources and funding for dozens of communications students to engage in professional development opportunities. She also sponsors a winter session internship at her New York based public relations firm which is exclusively reserved for UD students. Grace has been an active alumna serving as the moderator of a distinguished panel of speakers at An Evening of Conversations and Connections alumni event held in New York City in October 2011 and again at the event held in Washington, DC in June 2012. Grace has assisted the University's Office of Annual Giving by loaning her story to an appeal letter that was mailed to fellow 1980s alumni detailing her experience at UD and how it impacted her life and career. Additionally, Grace and her husband, Todd '86 EG, are volunteers in the Delaware Diamonds Society rebranding efforts, acting as a profile story in UD's marketing efforts.
Steven E. Linberg ('73 AS): Steve served as a founding member and as inaugural Chair of the College of Arts and Sciences Advisory Council from 2009 until 2012. He assisted the Dean in setting the strategic direction for the Council and led regular council meetings held twice per year. Additionally, he helped to recruit other members of the council and continues to serve as immediate past council chair. Steve has supported UD by attending numerous events on campus, including the Plastino Scholars annual dinner, President-hosted pre-game receptions for Basketball and Football games, Kent & Sussex County alumni club gatherings, and An Evening of Conversations and Connections with Washington, DC alumni. Steve and his wife, Alice '73 AS, have steadily contributed to UD since 2000 and are current members of the Delaware Diamonds Society at the Senior Benefactor level. A proud UD alumnus, all three of Steve and Alice's children graduated from UD along with two of Steve's siblings. He is a member of the Phi Kappa Phi academic honor society at UD.
Above: 2013 Outstanding Alumni Award winners Grace Thompson Leong '88 AS and Steven Linberg '73 AS with President Harker (left) and UDAA President Ken Jones '80 (right).
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Claire M. DeMatteis '87 AS - Executive VP, General Counsel & Corporate Secretary, Catalina Marketing Corp.
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Not all chocolates are equal. A recent study showed that eating dark chocolate might help you consume fewer calories than those who did not.
Participants in the study were divided into two groups- one was fed dark chocolate, and the other, milk chocolate. A few hours after their chocolate snack, they were given pizza and told to eat till they were comfortably full. The dark chocolate group ate 15% less pizza than the milk chocolate group.
Dark chocolate has a high cocoa content. Cocoa is rich in antioxidants, and antioxidants are good for your health. So, the higher the cocoa content in dark chocolate, the more the antioxidants.
Dark chocolate contains flavanoids which have shown to increase blood flow to your brain for up to 3 hours. So, while helping you manage weight, chocolate can make you smarter too!
So, is all dark chocolate good for you? The higher the cocoa content in your dark chocolate, the better it is for you. The best kind of dark chocolate is unprocessed. Processed dark chocolate can contain high sugar and fat content, so watch out before the calories add up.
Indulge in moderationAuthor Information — this article is written by a dietitian @ FitHo


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Community Status Updates
Jul 25 2014 11:16 AM
Jake the Tank
Just checking to see if anyone is still alive. Just learned about Open Sauce, CMT SPV3, and the fact that BUNGIE UPDATED HALO PC/CE SO SERVERS WONT DIE!May 21 2014 04:04 PM
aSoundJedioh hey guys how's it goin'
May 28 2014 06:07 PM
BlitzBurnz4Is it too late to say me too? Also, have we met?
Jun 13 2014 02:09 AM
31IT3INV4SI0NI just joined! :D
Jun 17 2014 03:29 PM
Tucker933 → Ken10Ness
In the wake of some drama with the ModHalo administration a couple years ago, the whole of the community has moved on to a new site. We have a lot to offer, so feel free to have a look around and see if it's something you might want to be a part of. http://opencarnage.netMar 02 2014 11:17 AM
PhilParty video I made! I throw regular parties at school while also DJing and photographing and videoing. This is my latest endeavor. The quality is decent, though I plan on working a lot more over the next couple of months and getting better.
Feb 03 2014 01:14 PM
anyone wants to get in contact with me, feel free to hit me up on reddit-http://www.reddit.com/user/Rugger11Jan 21 2014 01:38 AM
Sunstriker7's brother, here. He is in prison still and would love to see some messages from the guys he talked to here. Message me and I'll put it in the next letter to him!Jan 17 2014 12:24 PM
Tucker933Sent. Thanks for getting this together dude.
Jan 20 2014 03:01 PM
Sunstriker7No problem. If there is anyone else you can contact that Alex talked to but hasn't seen this on modhalo, feel free to share the email address.
Jan 20 2014 05:40 PM
Tucker933Will do
Jan 21 2014 12:42 AM
Hello everyone. Anyone still here?Jan 13 2014 04:25 AM
KvasirPAST BLAST
Jan 14 2014 08:03 PM
CaptainHey there, still check in every few days.
Jan 15 2014 07:09 PM
Sunstriker7This is actually Sunstriker7's brother. Sunstriker7 is still in prison, but I figured I'd see if anyone wanted to say hi to him in the next letter I send him. He totally misses this place, it was literally the last thing he did before he got arrested lol
Jan 17 2014 12:07 PM
Wow... this site has really changedOct 07 2013 01:52 PM
Wolf DemonEntering a new dawn of original content
Oct 08 2013 08:21 PM
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LL Cool J may have participated in CBS's salute to the Beatles earlier this year, but he certainly won't be singing "We all live in a yellow submarine" when his Sam and Chris O'Donnell's Callen find themselves trapped in a hostile submersible as NCIS: Los Angeles opens its sixth season. Last May's cliffhanger found the partners taking an...read more
Does what happens in Afghanistan stay in Afghanistan? For NCIS: LA's Kensi Blye (Daniela Ruah), the answer is probably not.
On Tuesday's episode (9/8c, CBS), Callen (Chris O'Donnell), Sam (LL Cool J) and Deeks (Eric Christian Olsen) are sent to Afghanistan to rescue Kensi, who's being held captive by the Taliban after a botched anti-terrorism mission in which she discovered that the alleged traitor she was sent to assassinate is none other than her former fiancé, Jack (Matthew Del Negro).
"I think this is probably my favorite episode that we've shot," Ruah tells TVGuide.com. "It's sort of like a movie. The action's incredible. I think everybody was on their game, when it came to performances. There's some really intense scenes. ... It's the team fighting for one of their own, which always makes for a good episode. There's a lot at stake."
NCIS: Los Angeles celebrates 100 episodes this week, and viewers will get some long-awaited answers about Callen's (Chris O'Donnell) past, according to showrunner Shane Brennan.
"I've been waiting 75 episodes to tell this story," Brennan tells TVGuide.com. "I came up with this way back in...read more
Man Crush Monday: Linda Hunt dishes on the men of NCIS: Los Angeles. Watch the season premiere at its new night and time tonight 10/9c. Only CBS!
Yours, Mine & Ours movie trailer - starring Dennis Quaid, George Lopez, Rene Russo, Linda Hunt, Jerry O'Connell, Barbara Niven. Directed by Raja Gosnell. Theatrical Release Date: 11/23/2005
Genre: Comedy
Rating: PG
The hard-working wife of a successful accountant plots a systematic, hilariously complex revenge when her husband takes up with a rich, snooty romance novelist. An underrated comedy, with Ed Begley Jr.
NCIS: Los Angeles - Sneak Peek: Ascension
More Clips & Interviews
Join Pocahontas on this early American adventure, as she falls in love with the gallant English colonist Captain John Smith and brings peace to the Indians and the colonists. Produced by Golden Films/Directed by Diane Eskenazi.
An IRS auditor suddenly finds himself the subject of narration only he can hear: narration that begins to effect his entire life, from his work, to his love-interest, to his death.
A socially isolated IRS agent whose every move is documented by a disembodied female voice discovers that his life is the subject of a book currently being written by a best-selling author, who has decided to kill him off.
More Linda Hunt Movies Videos
Callen and Sam are trapped in an armed submarine that terrorists have aimed to hit an aircraft carrier in San Diego. Meanwhile, Hetty defies orders and forgoes her trip to Washington, as the team tries to locate and save Callen and Sam and prevent the terrorist attack. (TV-14 L, V)
When the NCIS: LA team and the DEA uncover the cartel's plans to slyly transport billions of dollars' worth of cocaine from Colombia to the United States using a submarine, Callen and Sam must quickly locate the missing vessel. Meanwhile, Hetty is called to Washington in the aftermath of the controversial mission in Afghanistan. (TV-14 L, V)
Also Available On iTunes, Amazon Instant Video and VUDU
When a news reporter announces the group responsible for the deadly explosion at a military sponsored charity event, the team must investigate her claims and search for the attacker. Tiffany Dupont and Tony Okungbowa guest star.
Also Available On Amazon Instant Video and VUDU
Sam is convinced that the theft of software for a new unmanned aerial vehicle is connected with the disappearance of the lead engineer's 10 year old daughter, a girl Sam once provided protection detail for in Saudi Arabia.
Also Available On Amazon Instant Video and VUDU
More Linda Hunt On TV Videos
More Credits (84)
NCIS: Los Angeles closed out Season 4 with the cruelest of cliff-hangers, leaving fans to wonder all summer whether Michelle (Aunjanue Ellis), who was last seen dangling out of a window, would survive; and whether Deeks (Eric Christian Olsen) would crack under the pressure of being gruesomely tortured. Oh, and then there are the tiny matters of Deeks and Kensi (Daniela Ruah) locking lips before everything went to hell, and of Callen (Chris O'Donnell) being betrayed by The Chameleon (Christopher Lambert), which set off the aforementioned chain of events.
"The [Season 4] finale and the premiere episode for Season 5, the impact of that particular story will have the greatest consequence of any story we've told," executive producer Shane Brennan tells TVGuide.com. "For a number of characters involved in that, there's nowhere to hide. If you think about the trauma that nearly all of them went through in the process of the finale, these things are not easily swept under the rug. We're not going to pay lip service to them and then move on. ... Particularly Kensi and Deeks, their relationship has been altered by the kiss, and then it's been altered by the trauma that Deeks is going through when we left him."
Everyone's losing it — or more to the point, remembering how they lost it — on one of this season's more uproarious episodes of Fox's New Girl, a reminder of just how potent the comic chemistry can be between Zooey Deschanel and her BFFs when they all hang together, sharing embarrassing stories (some more mortifying than others) about how their "innocence" (such as it never was) was stolen. This episode (Tuesday, 8:58/7:58c) will be especially enjoyable for fans of Max Greenfield's Fat Schmidt slapstick and for those who've been waiting for Lamorne Morris' Winston to emerge from the sidelines and get some major LOL action. Jess (Deschanel) starts the trip down Painful Memory Lane with glimpses from Prom Night, which brings suitors including Teen Wolf's Dylan O'Brien (Stiles!) into her life. But it's Winston's grotesque hook-up and Fat Schmidt's messy night in college with the girlfriend who would become Merritt Wever (from Nurse Jackie) that you're likely to remember. All that and another great payoff at the end. No sophomore slump for this show.
As NCIS: Los Angeles executive producer Shane Brennan prepares to possibly launch the franchise's third show, some might wonder: Does the world need another NCIS?First Look: NCIS: L.A. spinoff sees "Red"
"I'm sure it's a question a lot of people are asking and I can assure everyone it's not something that we approached lightly," Brennan tells TVGuide.com. "It's something that I certainly wouldn't have done if I didn't think we could make it different and turn a different light on the NCIS world."The key difference is that the characters at the heart of the new series....
read more
Ever since Peter Cambor became a recurring cast member on NCIS: Los Angeles, the return visits of operational psychologist Nate Getz have been rather illuminating.Winter TV: Get the scoop on your favorite returning showsWhile last season revealed Nate to have become exceedingly more skilled in hand-to-hand combat than we ever imagined, this time around, the case is personal, dealing with matters of the mind — and, more importantly, the heart. When the team's investigation of a Marine's death leads them to the morgue, the agents begin to question whether the coroner, Nate's former flirty friend Rose (Kathleen Rose Perkins), is hiding information."Nate kind of has a thing for Rose and Rose kind of has a thing for Nate," Cambor, who now stars on TBS' Wedding Band, tells TVGuide.com....
read more
The NCIS: Los Angeles season premiere (September 25 on CBS) finds Hetty (Linda Hunt) retired and getting ready to enjoy...
read more
Download the TV Guide app for iPhone, iPad and Android!


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The North Face Badwater Redux Hat is a sanctuary for those who dare to venture out in scorching sun and heat. The rear sun shade and UPF 50-rated fabric shield you from scorching sun; unsnap and fold the shade up into the built-in rear pocket when not in-use. Vented panels and a terry sweatband manage moisture so you keep a cool head when things get extreme.
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Product Recall: We are voluntarily recalling fewer than 8,000 cases of regular Kraft American Singles Pasteurized Prepared Cheese Productlimited to 4 SKUs on two "Best When Used By" dates of February 20, 2015 and February 21, 2015. Click Here.
Adults must be accompanied by a child! If you don't have one of your own - borrow a niece, nephew or friend's child!
Hand-on activities will be part of the day. Some guests should take charge of hiding the Easter eggs while others will oversee preparing the crafts for the kids and helping with the food. See Easter Games & Activities.
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It's nice to have prizes for all the little Easter Egg collectors so no one feels left out at the end of the hunt, regardless of how many eggs they find!