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He was born April 17, 1927 in Utica, N.Y., to Joseph and Myrtle Beck. He married Vivian Day Sept. 24, 1949, in Utica.
He retired from the Rock Island Arsenal.
Survivors are wife; sons, Tom, Bettendorf, and Greg, LeClaire; and three grandchildren. He was preceded by son, Gary.
Online condolences may be expressed to the family by visiting George's obituary at www.McGinnis-Chambers.com.
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Manju Warrier (born 10 September 1978) is a former Malayalam film actress, and wife of the popular Malayalam film actor Dileep.
Even when she was at school, Manju showed extra ordinary talent in dance, and won many awards. She was conferred Kalathilakam in Kerala Youth Festival for 2 years.
At the age of 17, she debut in the film Sakshyam (1995). Later at the age of 18, she acted in the movie Sallapam (1996), co-starring actor Dileep, which became a big hit. Since then, she acted in around 20 Malayalam movies over a span of three years, most of which have been hits. She has won numerous awards and critical acclaim and was considered to be the top heroine of her period. She is still one of the most loved actresses in Malayalam. She has not acted in any other languages in her career. She was initially the first choice for the movie Alaipayuthey by director Mani Ratnam, but was not able to do the movie because of date hassles and then her sudden marriage.
Her performance in the movie Kannezhuthi Pottum Thottu was extraordinary and won a special mention from jury for national film awards. Her other popular films are Kanmadam and Aaram Thamburan with Mohanlal, Ee Puzhayum Kadannu and Kudamattom with Dileep, Summer In Bethlehem, Pranayavarnnangal, Pathram and Kaliyattom with Suresh Gopi, Irattakuttykalude Achan, Kaliveedu, Thooval kottaram and Krishnagudiyil Oru Pranayakalathu with Jayaram. Her performances in these films won critical and commercial acclaim. She left the film field at the peak of her career.
She married actor Dileep.After her marriage with Dileep, she retired from the film industry. The last film in which she acted before retiring from industry was Pathram, co-starring Suresh Gopi.
Manju Warrier was born in Kannur, Kerala on 10th September 1978. Her father is an accountant, and mother a housewife. She has one brother Madhu Warrier who is also an actor (appearance in a movie called "Campus"). She did her schooling from Chovva high school and Chinmaya Vidyalaya, Kannur.
She was a talented dancer and made her debut in Malayalam films at the tender age of 18. She established herself as an actress par excellence in a very short period from her debut.
Manju Warrier got married to fellow actor Dileep on 20 October 1998 at Alwaye Sri Krishna Temple. She now lives in Alwaye with Dileep and daughter, Meenakshi.
National Film Awards
1999 - Special Jury Award
Asianet Film Awards
1999 - Best Actress Award - Kannezhuthi Pottumthottu, Pathram
1998 - Best Actress Award - Kanmadham
Best Actress, Screen-Videocon Awards, 1997 for films Aaram Thamburan and Krishnagudiyile Oru Pranaya Kalathu
Best Actress, Screen-Videocon Awards, 1996
Best Actress, Film Fans Awards, 1996, for Thooval Kottaram
Best Actress, Kerala State Film Award,1996, for Ee Puzhayum Kadannu

subset: commoncrawl


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There was much discussion during the day on Tuesday that a ceasefire between Israel and Gaza would take effect perhaps around 8pm local time, but as the sun set and midnight approached, Israel's aerial campaign against the Gaza Strip continued. Talks stagnated in Cairo, Egypt, with the influential Middle Eastern nation taking center stage as it tries to broker a cessation of hostilities in the week old conflict.
Reports from the region indicate that the death toll has risen to 132. As the rumored time for the ceasefire came and went, Gaza residents were informed via leaflet to evacuate Gaza City immediately - seemingly warning of a more widespread bombing campaign to soon begin. Such a move would no doubt increase the death toll even further.
The Israel Defense Force has also been warning journalists to keep their distance from Hamas "operatives":
Warning to reporters in Gaza: Stay away from Hamas operatives & facilities. Hamas, a terrorist group, will use you as human shields.
— IDF (@IDFSpokesperson) November 20, 2012


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Quidditch Documentary 'Mudbloods' Coming This Fall; See the First Poster
Posted on Monday, June 16th, 2014 by Angie Han
The FIFA World Cup isn't without its charms, but any Harry Potter fan worth his weight in Galleons knows that Muggle soccer has nothing on Quidditch. Soon, the rest of the world may come to realize that as well, thanks to a new documentary.
Directed by Farzad Sangari, Mudbloods follows the UCLA Quidditch team on their journey to the Fifth Annual Quidditch World Cup in New York City. I realize that sentence may sound completely absurd if you're not familiar with the Harry Potter fandom, but trust me, it's a real thing. Check out the first poster and still, and get all the details on the movie, after the jump.


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"Sometimes the juice ain't worth the squeeze... especially when combining grapefruit with medicines.
While it can be part of a balanced and nutritious diet, grapefruit can have serious consequences when taken with certain medications. Cu"...
(Generic versions may still be available.)
TAO (troleandomycin) is a synthetically derived acetylated ester of oleandomycin, an antibiotic elaborated by a species of Streptomyces antibioticus. It is a white crystalline compound, insoluble in water, but readily soluble and stable in the presence of gastric juice. The compound has a molecular weight of 814 and corresponds to the empirical formula C 41 H 67 NO 15 .
Inert ingredients in the formulation are: hard gelatin capsules (which may contain inert ingredients); lactose; magnesium stearate; sodium lauryl sulfate; starch.
Last reviewed on RxList: 12/8/2004
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.
Tao FDA Prescribing Information
Additional Tao Information
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration
You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.
Women's Health
Find out what women really need.


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This shows students how electricity brings some of their favorite rides to life, from lighting the half million bulbs on Disney's Magic Kingdom® SpectroMagic Parade to transmitting electricity through water for the Finding Nemo Submarine Voyage.
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The Perfect Pourer
Pia Poynton / 07.12.12
There are quite a few breweries in the South West with trophy cabinets that have recently become a lot more crowded. Collectively, South West breweries took a total of 29 medals at this year's Perth Royal Beer Show and earlier this month Colonial Brewing and Cheeky Monkey Brewery & Cidery, both located in Margaret River, were joint winners in the Boutique Brewery category at the AHA-Aon Hotel and Hospitality Awards for Excellence.
What's more, Cowaramup, just outside of Margaret River, can now lay claim to being the home to the country's best "beertender" after bar manager Ross Terlick picked up the title at this year's Beer and Brewer awards. He beat more than 40 nominations for beer loving bartenders from around Australia, accepting his award at the magazine's fifth birthday dinner at the Sail & Anchor.
It turns out that Ross's nomination for Beertender of the Year came as something of a surprise, only discovered when stumbled across a list of nominees on Beer and Brewer's Facebook page.
"I was talking to one of the regulars here [about the nomination]," says Ross. "And she said, 'Oh yeah, it was me, I'd had a few glasses of wine and went through and nominated everyone I knew!' Didn't I feel special…!"
He laughs about it now, but the nomination got the ball rolling and within days he had completed the requisite theory questions, progressed to a phone interview and then was told he had won.
Ross started bartending while living in the UK but then swapped aprons for overalls to become a plumber for six years. He returned to bartending when he arrived at Cowaramup two and a half years ago. "I was a good plumber but I'm a better bartender," he happily concedes.
While he enjoyed real ales during his time in the UK, it wasn't until he arrived at Cowaramup Brewing that he delved deeply into the world of craft beer.
"I've got so much more to learn and I'm actually excited about that, I enjoy it", he says, and it's his thirst for beer knowledge and for craft beer in general that makes it easy to see how Ross was awarded his title. His passion is infectious too, evident by the way the guys at the brewery greet and engage everyone who walks through the door. Ross strongly believes it should be the sort of place where you can have your beer questions answered by someone who is genuinely passionate about craft beer. By no means is he saying they have all the answers, however. If he doesn't know, he'll ask head brewer, Jeremy Good, and failing that…
"If Jeremy doesn't know it then we'll go to Google," he says.
One of the most frequently asked questions is whether Cowaramup Brewing make a cider, to which Ross has developed his stock response: "No, it rots your guts and makes you talk like a Welshman." Another popular question is which of their beers is closest to Corona or VB, to which he directs people to the brewery dam before endeavouring to match the customer to the beer they will enjoy the most.
The two most popular beers are the Cowaramup Pilsener and Hefeweizen but sometimes he will get a customer who says they don't drink beer (fellow beertenders will know this just means they don't drink beer yet) and walks away with a pint of Cowaramup Porter and a big smile on their face.
"It now happens so often that it surprises the customer more than it surprises us," he says. As for his own end of day drop, it's "whatever is fresh", although he admits it's not too long since he "used to be the guy drinking Export and VB". Now, however, he's a self proclaimed hop head, albeit once who's drinking more porters, stouts and ESBs, understandable for someone working with such an enthusiastic and persuasive head brewer.
Stouts have also made their way into Ross' lineup of home brews, something he began doing just three weeks after starting work at Cowaramup Brewing; clearly, when he fell in love with craft beer, he fell hard
So does he want to become a brewer?
"That's the dream – to get into the brewhouse and become a brewer," he says, professing a desire to see Jeremy brew a Double IPA. In the meantime, Ross is focused on expanding his beer knowledge and ensuring Cowaramup Brewing is filled with happy customers. At those moments when a customer tastes craft beer for the first time and discovers a world of flavours they really like, Ross smiles to himself for bring "another person into the fold".
And he's in good company with so many other craft breweries and bars in the South West where everyone is passionate about getting more people into full flavoured craft beer.
"We all complement each other," he says, "and the breweries all recommend one another. [It's important that craft beer can] keep challenging people and keep exciting people." After all, he says, he needs more people to drink craft beer and grow the market so he can ask for a payrise…
The Beertender of the Year's tip for any visitors to the brewery? The award winning Pilsener matched with their house Fish and Chips, followed up by Porter and Beeramisu.
Thanks to Pia from the Girl+Beer blog for this interview.
Claire Parker — 27 December at 01:02AM
Great article as per usual Pia - well done and congrats on your two years with your partner.
Nellie — 21 September at 11:48PM
This is because you will take your dog away from a source of pleasure (from the dog's point of view) as most likely
you may be calling her back from doing something she enjoys
(like playing with another dog or chasing birds). Use games
and activities to practice commands and skills with your dog.
Providing you with problem solving ideas on chewing,
digging, and house training, their specialists take a hands-on approach to training your dog.


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With her gowns adorning Duchesses, Titanic stars and red carpets around a world, British operative Jenny Packham has finally arrived.
BY Sally Williams
01 Apr 2012
Photo: REX FEATURES
Photo: GETTY IMAGES
Jenny Packham is anxious by a brouhaha over a dress she designed for Kate Winslet to wear during a universe premiere of Titanic 3D. She knew that it was going to be a leader as shortly as a singer attempted on a black satin, cr?pe robe with Swarovski-crystal encrusted sleeves. "She looked spectacular," she says. And a press agreed.
SEE: Duchess of Cambridge's conform hits and misses
It was a unequivocally eventful week, as Packham usually knew she was conceptualizing a dress a Wednesday before. "We were contacted by phone and told Kate would like to cocktail in. Was that good for us?" recalls Packham, who has a emporium nearby Bond Street, London. "And we said, fine, great. Luckily we had a new collection here – it's desirous by film noir: Forties, femme fatale – and she favourite a style." Her group of 50 thereafter spent prolonged nights hand-stitching stimulating crystals during a HQ in Kentish Town. "The universe stopped for 5 days."
I accommodate Packham, 47, during her shop, that is definitely delicate and exquisite, filled with scented candles, good swags of roses and unusually light, floaty dresses in such colours as clementine and minty green. Packham's speciality is dusk wear and red-carpet glamour, with cost tags of adult to ?5,000. She's not meddlesome in conceptualizing bland things like coats or jumpers – "It's got to be unique" – so it's startling to find that her possess character is so pared-down and practical. She's wearing a black silk Lanvin trip dress with a grey T-shirt. "I don't unequivocally pattern for myself, it would be unequivocally limiting," she admits. She puts all her anticipation and extravagance into her clothes, while her possess life is still and ordered. She lives with her partner of 25 years, Matthew Anderson (CEO of a company), and daughters, Georgia, 18, and Isabella, 14, in Hampstead. "We don't go to parties much. we am unequivocally critical about my work. But we also have dual children and we wanted to do that pursuit well."
Packham initial strike a headlines in 2010 as a contender for Kate Middleton's marriage dress (created in a finish by Sarah Burton, artistic executive of Alexander McQueen). "I went to Westminster Abbey to check it out, only in case, and it's such a outrageous place, we kind of knew it wasn't utterly a thing. You need to have a large dress in that environment, and what we do is many softer."
The Duchess of Cambridge is clearly a outrageous fan, though, as she's ragged 4 Packham dresses in a past year, many memorably one in beaded rose silk sheer during her initial open rendezvous as a married lady final summer. Packham done that in 5 days, too: "We only had a call." She says a Duchess is a pleasure since she is "a dream to dress".
Anyway, this year has been utterly a whisk since her creations have also graced Cameron Diaz (once) and Angelina Jolie (three times).
So Packham has arrived. But it's taken an extremely prolonged time. She has had scarcely 25?years of being a designer. If fashionistas knew her for anything, it was for being ignored. Her catwalk shows were never popular, and even her many new uncover during New York Fashion Week final month unsuccessful to attract any large hitters: no Anna Wintour, editor of American Vogue; no Glenda Bailey, editor of Harper's Bazaar.
This is startling since Packham is hugely successful: 400 outlets in 36 countries; a far-reaching operation of customers, from grandes dames in a Middle East and Russia to immature things in a South of France ("they only adore a small minidresses for parties on a boats"); a recently non-stop bridalwear salon in New York's select Meatpacking District ("we're also doing weddings in Tokyo"); an bureau in LA; a raft of luminary fans that includes Katy Perry, Beyonc? and Dita Von Teese; to contend zero of scarcely dual decades of being stocked in Harrods.
So does she find it frustrating that she's seen as zero special? "In a word, yes, actually," she admits. She has several theories. She and Matthew haven't hyped themselves by personification a luminary operative game. British women don't deposit in prolonged frocks – "We're a multitude of little-black-dress wearers." And she's simply apart too safe. "The British Fashion Council has strong on a avant-garde, and we always felt a slight vigour to over-style or do something to pull courtesy to what we were showing. we remember in one uncover we put all these multicolored tights with a dresses, and we only looked during them thereafter and thought, we don't need to do this." So 4 years ago she motionless to uncover in New York instead. "Now we feel we can uncover only glamorous dusk dresses ragged in a approach people should wear them."
Jenny Packham grew adult in Southampton, where her father is a sea operative and her mom was a authorised secretary, "but unequivocally artistic". But a many critical change was her comparison brother, Chris Packham, a zoologist who fronts BBC1′s Springwatch, who had an early adore of nature. "I lived in a clearly normal residence but, in fact, it was unequivocally uncanny and wonderful. There were well-spoken snakes entrance down a stairs when we came home from school. I'd strech into a freezer and there would be a solidified peregrine falcon in there. He had animals everywhere. Looking back, we substantially withdrew into my room and started designing."
Both were punks, she says, nonetheless he was some-more "hard core". After holding O?levels during her internal comprehensive, she went to Southampton Art College and thereafter changed to London to investigate conform during St?Martins. There, she detected decoration – "an indulgent pattern form" – and Matthew.
Within 6 months of graduating they launched their business from a little prosaic underneath a Westway nearby Portobello Market. Their initial collection in 1988 enclosed printed tutus. The following year they were sauce Wendy James from Transvision Vamp, and were featured in Vogue. But swell was delayed and they had some hairy moments when they scarcely went bust. "Designing for a Duchess would have felt like a unequivocally apart star," she says now.
The branch indicate was stepping adult a glorious in 2000 when sequins and crystals became collection of her trade – "I felt decoration was something we could unequivocally indulge in" – and doing their initial catwalk uncover in 2002. The press competence have been unimpressed, though others weren't. "Celebrities started to find us out," she explains. Liz Hurley (Packham designed her marriage dress), Mariah Carey and Cindy Crawford were early devotees. "It's built usually from then."
Future skeleton embody a cocktail operation – "more permitted for day-to-day wearing". But, some-more urgently, she needs to dry-clean a dress her younger daughter wore to a Titanic premiere. "Look what she did to it!" she says, holding adult a pleasing china Forties-style dress, unequivocally identical to a one in yellow a Duchess of Cambridge wore on her US and Canadian tour. "She had a chocolate, a popcorn. we was, 'Oh my God, a ?1,000 dress.'?" Her comparison daughter promenaded in a slinky beaded blanket dress.
And what did Packham wear? "Black trousers," she replies. "I didn't have many time to consider about myself."


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some of you probably already know that blender is a fully OpenSource 3D graphics and animation program. with the wonders and worldwide opensource communities, this program stands in the same league as 3ds max, xsi and the like. it's available for almost every OS out there.
i've been learning it and since it was free i thought why not.
i'll say for those who don't not have money for expensive industry standard tools, they'll be happy with this.
so yeah any of you folks try it?
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I tried it for SIX MONTHS, but the learning curve is way too steep for me. For the record, I have no form of ADD. I was hardly able to model a cube.
Yeah it's even harder when you already know standard programs like Maya or 3ds max. Blenders interface is like another planet, it takesgetting use too and remembering shortcuts for different parts of the program.
Blender requires you to sell your soul to the devil and sign a lease dedicating the life of your first born to some satanic cult just in order to understand how to make a pretty texture.
At least this is what it is capable of. http://www.elephantsdream.org/
i'm not even going to get into a debate.
so yeah...all i was just asking is if anyone liked it and made anythign with it.
but honestly, no 3d program is the same and they all have their advantage and blender's advantage is that you don't have to shell out a fricken 500 to 3 grand for a program.
i used it for my foundations 3d class instead of wasting 70$ on a trial version of form-z, pretty user unfriendly from my experience but the price is right and it can be pretty powerful if you have the patience for it.
at least you put a thumbs up for it's abilities.
hey, if i could have any 3d program for free or a cheap discount it would definitley be 3ds max along with mudbox.
but i just felt like learnign blender and see if i can make some cool game models with it.
my main beef with it is that it's just so radically different gui wise form everything else and you really have to know the technical side of it to do anything impressive. if you want a truly unfriendly 3d program though use alias auto studio
actually I've herd onc eyou got blender down, you can see it's more versatile then the other high end programs. Hell its even got it's own game engine, and compositing package
Like others, I downloaded it, tried it, and went along with a few tutorials. I was overwhelmed by the sheer amount of things there were to learn and the time it would take to learn them, and I never used it again. I have my hands full just expanding my drawing and painting abilities, thank you.
From what I've heard and seen, though, it can be a hell of a powerful thing once you take the time to figure it out. My life is just too busy as it is, though.
I dig it.
I'm use to the interface not that I got any to show off, but yeah the learning curve sucks. If you're doing tutorials keep a piece of paper next to you to write up how to do things, eg. hotkeys or menu items and it'll make things tons easier since the interface issue is primarily memorising that stuff, if you keep at it it'll be second nature in no time.
Last edited by sciboy; May 9th, 2007 at 01:57 AM.
A friend and I made this with Blender:
With the new sss shader Blender can do work at least at the FF:TSW level. This face isn't quite there but it is still very much in the WIP stage. I just need to find the time to finish it . . . Blender also has a better hair system coming, this is the old crappy stuff.
The interface is being reworked so the learning curve may not be as steep in the future. Everyone knows it's a problem but if you use the forum you can usually get answers to your questions.
The Blender devs are currently rewriting most of the old code to modernize the software and make it easier to add features. I expect at some point it will either pass Maya/XSI/MAX, or the number of exclusive features the proprietary programs have will be so few and so esoteric that it will be impossible to justify their prices.
I'm pretty impressed with Blender's capabilities. My friends and I are looking to get into it pretty deeply and possibly do some commercial work with it down the road.
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Great news! In Blender go to "Help" -> "Hotkey and Mouse Action References"
Full listing that is organized in many different ways and also includes a search function.
It'll open in a Scripts window type, so once you hit it the first time, you merely need to select that window type again to refer to it again.
This alone should reduce the learning curve significantly.
I've been having fun with the game engine lately, it's simple and great to toy with.
a hammer by any other name is still a hammer.
I just wish I could find a tutorial that goes with the current version I have. I had this one that was several updates back, and I ran into some problems that were very hard to figure out-- had to join a Blender forum to do it.
I hate following tutorials really closely, too...
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Go to a bittorrent site, and download all the training videos you can. There has been a few torrents, compiled with tons of free resources and training videos. Most notably get the recent ones from Neal Hirsig. They are free so no worries.
Last edited by Costau D; June 2nd, 2007 at 11:13 PM.
Blender is like a cross between early Light wave(the early Amiga years) and TrueSpace.
Both are great at doing 3D but Light wave has it render and cameras and Lighting part that it par none I feel(the original in the Video toaster could output to 65mm IMAX format and that was 1994) TrueSpace tries to give you all in one and it can be hard to see how to work it but i could make shapes well and easy but not very detailed as dose Blender it a what I call and all in one modeler/render with out the same power as the larger programs.
this makes it a larger learning curve for some but for some that have work/played with the older rendering programs can see where this program can be great for those on low income to get into doing 3D.
I have yet to play will it as for some reason the Tutorial did not come and install with it and that is not good . It work great with my Wacom and I can install and move file into any OS version as well too. Not many 3b programs can do that.
Hard to learn does not mean it not worth trying to learn and if it is too easy it can just be boring .. oh look I made something really cool that too no time and it so fast I not sure how I did it. you can learn more if you take the time to learn how they do not just into build,render over and over ..this great for some but we are suppose to be artist not rendering machines.
Play with the program ,find those who work in it. ..Maybe Rob over at ImagineFX could get someone to demo or Tutorial show people the programs.
If look very powerful from all the animations I seen done, My laptop can do some work in low mode. my need high end system I have to install it but did play with it in Linux and it was really cool for me. I seen program for art and 3D come out over the years I been in computer before there was even 1 art program and I could see this stuff was coming but had no way to get copies as the cost was out my reach and I think a free program that can get people into learning and doing work WOW that is great . I know would have been better at my work if I had had something like it on the erly system I worked on. When Lightwave hit and the Video toaster I was very happy and even more when LW went to all OS platforms.
Blender is well worth learning working with I feel and is on my list to programs to get and learn for anyone getting into 3D. even with the high learning curve.
I've tried lot of program since 1997... And Blender has the hardest interface of them all.
It can do lot of great things, but, well, I just want to model, texture, light things, not learning the subside of the third vertex in an esoteric way. Hell, I don't even want to know that I'm using polygon most of the time - I don't care. I don't care if it has his game engine and so on, I want to get to work, the fastest way possible!
Look at the free version of XSI, Maya, Houdini, they all can do much the same things (but no high res render). And if you work, they got a starter version at 500$, not so a high price - I remember a time when it was much much much more (like 3000 for a starter version... when there's one). And this is without speaking about amazing software like Zbrush.
Comparing Blender to them is unfair. Even at this price, the interface need a lot of work. But it has potential. Not just for me, not just for now.
I am study Blender too, and I think that one time you are inside philosopy of Blender things appear different and more logics. Anyway 3D graphic is not a simple thing, and Blender has the UI just very different from other software more traditional...
My two cents.
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Within a year, the Church of St. John Bosco in Little Havana will be able to add 200 children to its cadre of young leaders.
At an emotional ceremony last week, the directors of the Leadership Learning Center that operates on the church's campus and offers after-school educational programs, began construction of an additional building that will house about 200 children in 2015.
The after-school program at St. John Bosco, 1366 NW First St., is celebrating its 50th anniversary. Seven years ago the program almost closed due to lack of money, but stayed open with donations from the community.
Mirta Fuentes, the center's executive director, said the program has helped thousands of students of low-income families in Miami-Dade County.
"Most of the parents of students who come here are immigrants, work long hours and have no [money] to pay for special after-school educational programs," Fuentes said. "In Miami it is easy to be confused with the luxury and pretty buildings, but the truth is that there is much need in the community."
Currently about 125 children from a dozen schools in the county, from kindergarten to the senior year of high school, benefit from the center.
One of them is Gricelda Ramos, of Honduran descent, who began coming to the center when she was 10. Today she is 17 and is a senior at MAST Academy on Virginia Key. Ramos sang the Star-Spangled Banner at Tuesday's ceremony.
"I'm the daughter of a single mother, grew up in Little Havana and we have low resources. I came to this center because my mother could not buy me a computer then," Ramos said. "This program has helped me in everything, from providing me with a computer when there was none at home and helping me meet mentors, to paying my fees for college applications."
Soon Ramos will start college, and she plans to study international relations. Meanwhile, she continues coming to the center and conducting a children's choir she founded with 10 of the younger students.
Success stories like Ramos's served as inspiration to Ada Armas, who has been a mentor at the center for years. Armas, a Cuban-born doctor, and her husband José Armas, also a doctor, donated funds to build the new building at the center.
"We have the means and we do it because we have seen how this center is a necessity in the community, helping those children have a better development in their schools," said Ada Armas. "Though it may sound like a cliché, education is the basis of prosperity for any human being and the best way to provide security to new generations."
Yet there is still much to be done, Fuentes said at Tuesday's event before an audience that included several city and county officials. The pastor of St. John Bosco, the Rev. Juan Carlos Paguaga, officially blessed the construction.
"I am grateful for the extra space we will have because it means that many more students will have opportunities," Fuentes said. "Nothing can be sadder than to tell a mother that we cannot accept her child because we have no space."


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Yesterday evening atop a building on Romolo Alley just above Broadway. San Francisco. Nice night.by Victoria
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While the SRS-X7 can't beat the performance of competitors like the Bose SoundLink III, it's a nice portable wireless speaker that offers the flexibility of both Bluetooth and Wi-Fi connectivity.
Sony announced pricing and availability of its 4K-video-capable full-frame camera.
As long as you don't need fast autofocus or great burst shooting, the Sony Alpha ILCE-7R is great, compact alternative to entry-level full-frame cameras from Nikon and Canon.
The update to Canon's aged midrange dSLR has some really nice enhancements, as well as some disappointing omissions.
The newest addition to its enthusiast compact line seems targeted at drawing buyers away from Sony's RX100 II.
At its New York press event today, ZTE unveiled its ginormous ZMax handset, a 5.7-inch smartphone for prepaid customers on T-Mobile and MetroPCS.
Pricing not available
Sony's flagship Xperia Z1 packs a Full HD display, a quad-core processor, and a whopping 20.7-megapixel camera into a waterproof body and wraps it in an aluminium frame.
The Ascend G7 offers a 5.5-inch full HD display, 4G LTE and a metal body -- and it doesn't charge the earth for it.
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Huawei's new Ascend Mate 7 is a 6-inch phone with an ultra high-definition display, octa-core processor and a fingerprint scanner.
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Evoking the look of a skinny handbag, the new Asus Memo Pad 7 is the latest and most stylish tablet to bear the name.
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Mises Circle in Southern California
Sponsored by Louis E. Carabini
May 6-13 2006
Scott's Restaurant
Costa Mesa, California
Join the Mises Circle in Southern California, a "working lunch" on Saturday, May 6, 2006, from 10:00 a.m. until 2:00 p.m. at Scott's Restaurant (see map) in Costa Mesa, California. This special event is being sponsored by Louis E. Carabini.
Hans-Hermann Hoppe, David Gordon and Lew Rockwell will be here for a luncheon and a mini-seminar on Austrian economics and libertarianism. James Fogal of the Mises Institute will also be here to talk about tax strategies.
Cost for the event is $35, which includes lunch. Attendance is limited, so please RSVP as soon as possible.
Student Scholarships are available.
- 10:00 a.m. - Refreshments and Registration
- 10:20 a.m. - Welcome
- 10:30 - 11:15 a.m. - Hans-Hermann Hoppe, University of Nevada, Las Vegas: "A World Without Theft"
- 11:30 - 12:45 - Lunch
David Gordon, Mises Review: "New Books You Can't Miss"
James Fogal, Mises Institute: "How to Outrun the Tax Gatherers, and Help the Mises Institute"
- 12:45 - 1:00 p.m. - Discussion and Break
- 1:00- 1:45 - Lew Rockwell, Mises Institute: "To Rule Is To Destroy"
- 1:45 - 2:00 - Discussion
- 2:00 p.m. - Adjourn
Selections from the Mises Institute Bookstore will be for sale, and can be autographed.
For accommodations, The Westin is next door to the restaurant. John Wayne Airport is 5-10 minutes away.


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fuckyeahbatgirls replied to your post: i don't know if this is me finding justifications…
I keep doing that too! Thinking back to these little things and going "oh, hey, yeah". The dresses thing happened with me, too.
i think it was because i was old enough to realize that even though i liked dresses, dresses were for girls? and i think that was when i started being uncomfortable with them, when that clicked
i still like dresses honestly i like them better than most clothes, i just wish more of them were high-necked and long-sleeved enough to let me wear a binder under them. it's easier now that i know i have to pay attention to how i feel that day and i also can realize that anyone can wear dresses regardless of gender if that's what they want
and junk
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tagged as: #fuckyeahbatgirls #boring text post #gender junk
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everybody knows madeline. she's the world's favorite and possibly only favorite, french girl. attending school in paris, madeline was the smallest in her class yet didn't let that stop her (few french do…napoleon i'm looking in your direction) from being a leader. she had great adventures while roaming the streets and you can imagine she grew up to be quite the character. as such, in the tradition of eloise and anastasia, i outfitted madeline for her elder years. also, you can bet she would be friends with the likes of eloise and anastasia and would've probably been presented at the crillon ball and all that jazz. oh madeline, you're so crazy.1: i'm a french girl, so this is what i wear, natch: dress by chanel, shoes and socks by dior2: i will always have a yellow hat and blue outerwear: cape by chloe, beret by sonia rykiel, shoes by yves saint laurent, dress by marni3: i have a date with pepito: dress by elie saab, shoes by lanvin, jacket by isabel marant
scarlett o'hara, the scourge of my childhood. gone with the wind played frequently in our house growing up, thanks to my mother who has an affection for epic romances and period pieces. despite my best efforts to avoid this film, i caught snippets of it here and there and pieced together the whole story. i always found scarlett pretty funny, her crazy antics never failed to amuse me…particularly when she's being her melodramatic self and chasing after men. scarlett was quite manipulative from what i can tell, she used others around her and lied about her feeling for friends, family and others. ms. o'hara was also obsessed with her appearance and status, noted by her waistline concerns and sadness when she couldn't attend social functions. as the story unfolds, she becomes calculating and rather tragiv. however, all her scheming gets her just what she deserves though and who could forget that amazing line, "frankly my dear, i don't give a damn." scarlett lands back where she belongs at her crazy plantation, tara to bring it back to it's glory days.1: chillin' at 12 oaks: dress by tracy reese, shoes by prada, hat by oscar de la renta, necklace by kate spade new york2: rhett, i need some cash: dress by isaac mizrahi (not made of curtains), shoes by michael kors3: "after all, tomorrow is another day"—back to tara: shirt by marni, overalls by ralph lauren, scarf by marni, boots by tory burch


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Science into Practice Conference
The Science into Practice conference is an annual day event the BPSA runs in November/December and hopes to demonstrate how the scientific aspects of the MPharm course can be applied in your future careers.
The conference aims to give a variety of talks from many areas of the pharmacy profession that are alternative to the hospital and community career pathways such as academia, industry and clinical research in practice. In the past there has been speakers who have talked about integrating research into their day to day hospital pharmacy career, talks on orphan and specials medicines, tips on getting employment in industry and summer placements, clinical trials and much much more.
In the past there have also been opportunities to ask questions and learn useful hints and tips from an expert panel at a Q&A session at the conference consisting of experts in the field and students who have previously done a pre-reg/summer placement in industry.
This conference is a great opportunity for you to gain an insight into industry and the wide range of opportunities that await you in Pharmacy which you may not be aware of. You'll also receive a PDS point for attending.
Look out for more information closer to next October!


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Emerald green was the big color a couple of years ago, but we still love it today for its easy sophistication, and its all-season appeal. If you're looking to add an element of elegance to your wedding day, you can't go wrong with this jewel tone, and we've put together 5 emerald green color palettes to show you just how to use it.
When this color scheme showed up on the Burberry runway last year, it knocked our socks off (and still does)! It's a glam alternative for your wedding day and a great palette if you're opting to forego the flower arrangements in favor of less traditional centerpieces.
Emerald green single-handedly takes the muted hues of this color scheme from bleak to chic. We think it would make a great fall or winter wedding palette.
We've said it before and we'll say it again, pairing jewel tones is always a great idea!
There's a lot going on in this color scheme, but it somehow all manages to work seamlessly together to create an incredibly modern and romantic palette. We can't get enough of it!
Emerald green adds a touch of strong masculine energy to this otherwise soft and girly palette. The contrast makes this color scheme far more interesting than it would be without it.
Photo one: vogue.com; Photo two: neithersnow.com; Photo three: stylemepretty.com; Photo four: greenweddingshoes.com; Photo five: stylemepretty.com
Warm breezes, shimmering turquoise water and no wedding stress? Sound enticing?
If you're aching to get away from it all and have an intimate wedding that's big on fun and romance, Riu Palace Jamaica in Montego Bay is just what you are looking for.
A Weddings by Funjet onsite wedding coordinator will make planning your big day at Riu Palace Jamaica in Montego Bay easy peasy. From the save-the-date to the honeymoon, Weddings by Funjet manages the details, leaving nothing but an awesome experience for you and your guests.
Riu Palace Jamaica offers several wedding packages that can accommodate up to 40 guests. There are three basic categories to choose from. From there, these packages can be customized with upgrades and your own special touches. Want something super simple? Try the free wedding package.
Then again, maybe you could win your destination wedding! Jump to the bottom of the post for the Weddings by Funjet Giveaway. Woot! Woot!
Weddings by Funjet and Riu Resorts Giveaway Details:
You can enter by following Weddings by Funjet on Pinterest using the giveaway entry form. To boost your chance to win this amazing destination wedding, create your own Weddings by Funjet inspired Pinterest board and share the board link with us below.
a Rafflecopter giveaway
The prize includes:
Good luck and happy destination wedding planning!
Sponsored Post
A while back, we featured Schirin and Cris's gorgeous $8,000 Main Street Manor wedding here on IW. The couple chose Main Street Manor because they wanted a drop, dead gorgeous wedding, without the price tag. An incredible honeymoon in Italy was at the top of the couple's priority list, and an intimate wedding at Main Street Manor made it possible.
If you are like Schirin and Cris and you want a beautiful wedding without spending a bundle, Main Street Manor in Flemington, New Jersey might just be a perfect fit!
Whether you choose to get married on the sweeping veranda, on the gorgeous grounds, or inside the elegant parlour, you and your guests (if you choose to have guests, that is!) will experience the superb personal service that has won the inn many prestigious awards for both weddings and accommodations.
A variety of wedding packages, ranging from an elegant elopement package to an all-inclusive or venue-only for up to 35 guests, allow you to plan your day, your way, while the inn's talented team provides you with full wedding planning services guiding you to a stress-free soiree. The inn also ensures that the property is exclusively yours for the duration of your celebration, creating a truly intimate experience.
If you'd like to learn more about weddings at this elegant inn, take a peek at this short video that highlights some of the couples who got married at Main Street Manor:
Main Street Manor from Lifeshots on Vimeo.
Photo: Jenna Perfette Photography
Planning a wedding is hard, planning it from afar is even more difficult. With much time spent researching and scouring the internet for vendors, Josh and Lori compare the experience of planning their wedding in Sonoma to organizing a mini-holiday for themselves and all of their guests. In the end, all their hard work and research paid off.
With a stunning vineyard venue and a romantic candlelit reception shared with 18 of their closest family and friends, the couple couldn't have asked for a more beautiful wedding day. A big thanks to Megan Clouse for sharing all the gorgeous photos with us!
Lori & Josh
Sonoma, California
Wedding Date: June 3, 2014
Number of Guests: 18
Wedding Ceremony Location: Gloria Ferrer Caves & Vineyards – Outdoor Arbour
Wedding Reception Location: Gloria Ferrer Caves & Vineyards – Wine Cave (It was the photos on their website of the wine cave that really sold us on the venue. We were instantly in love with that place.)
Why did you have an intimate wedding?
We both agreed that we wanted the day to be about us, and by keeping our wedding small we were able to not get so caught up in the details and lose sight of why we were doing it.
What are some of the challenges that you faced planning an intimate wedding?
It was more about planning a wedding at a place that we have never been before. The fact that we chose to have a smaller guest list made some of the planning easier. We spent so much time researching potential venues, hotels, caterers, photographers, etc. Thank God for the internet!
Was it difficult to pare down the guest list?
YES! We have a number of friends and family members that are close to us that we couldn't invite.
What were the highlights of the ceremony?
The circle ceremony. We had all of our guests stand around us in a circle. We wrote a "blessing" where we went around the circle and each person said a line from it. The vows were also a highlight. We wrote our own vows and we didn't share them with each other until the ceremony. And last, but not least, the venue! We had an amazing view overlooking the Carneros Valley, and the birds and butterflies even came out during the ceremony.
What were the highlights of the reception?
The dinner. We chose to sit everyone at one long king table and serve the dinner family style. The food and the cake were amazing. Again, the venue was amazing. We chose to decorate with a lot of candlelight which gave the wine cave a dim romantic glow. We loved listening to our family members give speeches. The dances were another highlight. Our first dance as a couple was really our first dance ever. We loved all of it.
What was the best thing about having an intimate wedding?
We were able to do things at the rehearsal, rehearsal dinner, ceremony and reception to make every guest feel welcomed and part of our day.
What advice do you have for couples who are considering an intimate wedding?
Make the details that you choose be meaningful to you and your guests.
Photographer: Megan Clouse Photography
Venue: Gloria Ferrer, Sonoma
Catering: The Girl & the Fig
Officiant: Tim Boeve
Cake: Crisp Bake Shop
Hair/Makeup: It's a Date at the Powder Room, Katie
Cellist: Daniel Lemes
Florals: Stephanie Lauder (Family Friend)
Gown: Maggie Sottero
Shoes: Kate Spade
Suit: Indochino
Wedding traditions are often passed down through the generations, and while they are still very popular, many couples have found a way to put a modern spin on these traditions. Here are 10 ways that couples are weaving the present into the past.
1. The White Dress
Before the popularization of the white wedding dress in the 19th century, most brides simply wore their best dress to marry in. These were not usually white dresses because white was seen as impractical and usually only worn by the wealthy. With so many stunning colours to choose from, white doesn't have to be the only color of choice. If you want to get married in a scarlet red evening gown (which is also a custom for Indian brides) then what's stopping you!


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RT @Enrique_Acevedo: Humbled to be part of the J-school's centennial compilation:100 Great Stories covered by Columbia journalists #cuj100
RT @HarrietBrown: @Revkin Newhouse School looking to hire tenure-track sustainability journalist. Pls RT?
I like: @DavidFerris seeking "knowledge journalists" on climate/energy who aren't white, male and >50 @DavidFerris
Dog bites man / climate scientist (J. Shakun) interviews climate journalist: attn: @cbrainard @drgrist @sejorg
Twitter list of former @nytimesgreen journalists up to ~170 subscribers and growing:
RT @yulsman: RT @Revkin: 30,000 reporters fired in last 5 years. Science and climate journalists 1st to go.
Newspapers have fired over 30,000 reporters in the last 5 years - Science and Climate journalists are the...
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Clinton Kelly, co-host of "What Not to Wear" and "The Chew," will visit Macy's City Creek on Saturday at 1 p.m.
The fashion maven and Macy's spokesman will showcase the must-haves for spring for women of all shapes and sizes.
Clinton Kelly at Macy's
When: Saturday, April 21, 1 p.m.
Where: Macy's City Creek, Impulse Department, Level 2, 21 S. Main Street, Salt Lake City
Admission: Free, but you must register by calling 800-786-2665 or going to macys.com/events.
|Join the Discussion
|Post a Comment
"I might have said 10 years ago before I did 'What Not to Wear' — 'Oh, somebody should be able to go in into Macy's and put together an outfit,' " Kelly said. "It seems really simple that you should be able to just shop and buy something that fits your body. But people don't have a plan."
Shoppers who spend $100 or more on Saturday on women's clothing or Estee Lauder products at Macy's will receive a signed copy of Kelly's most recent book, "Oh No She Didn't: The Top 100 Style Mistakes Women Make and how to Avoid Them."
To register for the event, call 800-786-2665 or go to macys.com/events.
Best known for telling women what they should and shouldn't wear on the long-running TLC series, Kelly is also the author of "Freakin' Fabulous: How to Dress, Speak, Behave Eat, Drink, Entertain, Decorate and Generally be Better than Everyone Else." And, since this past September, he's been one of the hosts of the ABC daytime show "The Chew" (weekdays at noon on ABC/Channel 4).
"Before I hosted 'What Not to Wear,' I was a journalist and I wrote about everything from food to relationships to style," Kelly said. "The interesting thing about 'The Chew' is that it is much more applicable to my actual life.
"I help people get dressed for a living. But when I'm actually living my own life, what I'm doing is cooking with my family, cooking with my husband. I am entertaining. I'm throwing dinner parties."
Kelly said his philosophy is that everyone makes a choice every day.
"You can wake up and be blah, or you can wake up and be fabulous," he said. "And what I have been able to do is to help people sort of embrace the fabulous side of themselves and realize that getting dressed every day in a way that makes you feel happy makes your life better."
Copyright 2014 The Salt Lake Tribune. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Welcome to ZodiacTarot from iFate.com. A different card every day, for every Zodiac sign.
If you're looking for more than just a horoscope every day, follow ZodiacTarot!
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Push–relabel maximum flow algorithm
In mathematical optimization, the push–relabel algorithm (alternatively, preflow–push algorithm) is an algorithm for computing maximum flows. The name "push–relabel" comes from the two basic operations used in the algorithm. Throughout its execution, the algorithm maintains a "preflow" and gradually converts it into a maximum flow by moving flow locally between neighboring vertices using push operations under the guidance of an admissible network maintained by relabel operations. In comparison, the Ford–Fulkerson algorithm performs global augmentations that send flow following paths from the source all the way to the sink.[1]
The push–relabel algorithm is considered one of the most efficient maximum flow algorithms. The generic algorithm has a strongly polynomial O(V2E) time complexity, which is asymptotically more efficient than the O(VE2) Edmonds–Karp algorithm.[2] Specific variants of the algorithms achieve even lower time complexities. The variant based on the highest label vertex selection rule has O(V2√E) time complexity and is generally regarded as the benchmark for maximum flow algorithms.[3][4] Subcubic O(VE log (V2/E)) time complexity can be achieved using dynamic trees, although in practice it is less efficient.[2]
The push–relabel algorithm has been extended to compute minimum cost flows.[5] The idea of distance labels has led to a more efficient augmenting path algorithm, which in turn can be incorporated back into the push–relabel algorithm to create a variant with even higher empirical performance.[4][6]
- 1 Concepts
- 2 The generic push–relabel algorithm
- 3 Practical implementations
- 4 Sample implementations
- 5 References
Definitions and notations[edit]
Consider a flow network G(V, E) with a pair of distinct vertices s and t designated as the source and the sink, respectively. For each edge (u, v) ∈ E, c(u, v) ≥ 0 denotes its capacity; if (u, v) ∉ E, we assume that c(u, v) = 0. A flow on G is a function f: V × V → R satisfying the following conditions:
- Capacity constraints
- f(u, v) ≤ c(u, v) ∀u, v ∈ V
- Skew symmetry
- f(u, v) = −f(v, u) ∀u, v ∈ V
- Flow conservation
- ∑v ∈ V f(v, u) = 0 ∀u ∈ V \ {s, t}
The push–relabel algorithm introduces the concept of preflows. A preflow is a function with a definition almost identical to that of a flow except that it relaxes the flow conservation condition. Instead of requiring strict flow balance at vertices other than s and t, it allows them to carry positive excesses. Put symbolically:
- Nonnegative excesses
- e(u) = ∑v ∈ V f(v, u) ≥ 0 ∀u ∈ V \ {s}
e(s) is assumed to be infinite. A vertex u is called active if e(u) > 0.
For each (u, v) ∈ V × V, denote its residual capacity by cf(u, v) = c(u, v) − f(u, v). The residual network of G with respect to a preflow f is defined as Gf(V, Ef) where Ef = {(u, v) | u, v ∈ V ∧ cf(u, v) > 0}. If there is no path from any active vertex to t in Gf, the preflow is called maximum. In a maximum preflow, e(t) is equal to the value of a maximum flow; if T is the set of vertices from which t is reachable in Gf, and S = V \ T, then (S, T) is a minimum s-t cut.
The push–relabel algorithm makes use of distance labels, or heights, of the vertices denoted by h(u). For each vertex u ∈ V \ {s, t}, h(u) is a nonnegative integer satisfying
- Valid labeling
- h(u) ≤ h(v) + 1 ∀(u, v) ∈ Ef
The heights of s and t are fixed at |V| and 0, respectively. h(u) is a lower bound of the unweighted distance from u to t in Gf if t is reachable from u. If u has been disconnected from t, then (h(u) − |V|) is a lower bound of the unweighted distance from u to s. As a result, if a valid height function exists, there are no s-t paths in Gf because no such paths can be longer than (|V| − 1).
An edge (u, v) ∈ Ef is called admissible if h(u) = h(v) + 1. The network G̃f(V, Ẽf) where Ẽf = {(u, v) | (u, v) ∈ Ef ∧ h(u) = h(v) + 1} is called the admissible network. The admissible network is acyclic.
The push operation applies on an admissible out-edge (u, v) of an active vertex u in Gf. It moves min{e(u), cf(u, v)} units of flow from u to v.
push(u, v): assert e[u] > 0 and h[u] == h[v] + 1 Δ = min(e[u], c[u][v] - f[u][v]) f[u][v] += Δ f[v][u] -= Δ e[u] -= Δ e[v] += Δ
A push operation that causes f(u, v) to reach c(u, v) is called a saturating push; otherwise, it is called an unsaturating push. After an unsaturating push, e(u) = 0.
The relabel operation applies on an active vertex u without any admissible out-edges in Gf. It modifies h(u) to the minimum value such that an admissible out-edge is created. Note that this always increases h(u) and never creates a steep edge (an edge (u, v) such that cf(u, v) > 0, and h(u) > h(v) + 1).
relabel(u): assert e[u] > 0 and h[u] <= h[v] ∀v such that f[u][v] < c[u][v] h[u] = min(h[v] ∀v such that f[u][v] < c[u][v]) + 1
Effects of push and relabel[edit]
After a push or relabel operation, h remains a valid height function with respect to f.
For a push operation on an admissible edge (u, v), it may add an edge (v, u) to Ef, where h(v) = h(u) − 1 ≤ h(u) + 1; it may also remove the edge (u, v) from Ef, where it effectively removes the constraint h(u) ≤ h(v) + 1.
To see that a relabel operation on vertex u preserves the validity of h(u), notice that this is trivially guaranteed by definition for the out-edges of u in Gf. For the in-edges of u in the Gf, the increased h(u) can only satisfy the constraints less tightly, not violate them.
The generic push–relabel algorithm[edit]
Since h(s) = |V|, h(t) = 0, and there are no paths longer than (|V| − 1) in Gf, in order for h(s) to satisfy the valid labeling condition, s must be disconnected from t. At initialization, the algorithm fulfills this requirement by creating a preflow f that saturates all out-edges of s, after which h(u) = 0 is trivially valid for all v ∈ V \ {s, t}.
After initialization, the algorithm repeatedly executes an applicable push or relabel operation until no such operations apply, at which point the preflow has been converted into a maximum flow.
generic-push-relabel(G(V, E), s, t): create a preflow f that saturates all out-edges of s let h[u] = 0 ∀v ∈ V while there is an applicable push or relabel operation execute the operation
Because push and relabel operations preserve the validity of preflow f and height function h, when the algorithm terminates, there are no active vertices other than s and t, and thus the preflow becomes a valid flow. Since it is also guaranteed throughout that there are no s-t paths in residual network Gf, the algorithm terminates with a maximum flow.
Time complexity[edit]
We bound the numbers of relabels, saturating pushes and nonsaturating pushes separately. Because 0 ≤ h(u) ≤ 2n − 1 for every vertex u, and each relabel increases h(u) by at least one, the total number of relabels on all vertices is O(V2). Each saturating push on an admissible edge (u, v) removes the edge from Gf. For the edge to be reinserted into Gf for another saturating push, v must be first relabeled, followed by a push on edge (v, u), then u must be relabeled. In the process, h(u) increases by at least two. Therefore, there are O(V) saturating pushes on (u, v), and the total number of saturating pushes on all edges is O(VE).
Bounding the number of nonsaturating pushes can be achieved via a potential argument. We use the potential function Φ = ∑[u ∈ V ∧ e(u) > 0] h(u), i.e., Φ is the sum of the heights of all active vertices. It is obvious that Φ is |V| initially and stays nonnegative throughout the execution of the algorithm. Both relabels and saturating pushes can increase Φ. Relabels increase h(u) by O(V) for every vertex u and thus contribute O(V2) increase to Φ. A saturating push on (u, v) activates v if it was inactive before the push, increasing Φ by O(V). Hence, the total contribution of all saturating pushes is O(V2E). An unsaturating push on (u, v) always deactivates u, but it can also activate v as in a saturating push. As a result, it decreases Φ by at least h(u) − h(v) = 1. Since relabels and saturating pushes increase Φ by O(V2 + V2E) = O(V2E), the total number of unsaturating pushes is O(V2E).
In sum, the algorithm executes O(V2) relabels, O(VE) saturating pushes and O(V2E) nonsaturating pushes. Data structures can be designed to pick and execute an applicable operation in O(1) time. Therefore, the time complexity of the algorithm is O(V2E).[1]
Practical implementations[edit]
While the generic push–relabel algorithm has O(V2E) time complexity, efficient implementations achieve O(V3) or lower time complexity by enforcing appropriate rules in selecting applicable push and relabel operations. The empirical performance can be further improved by heuristics.
"Current-edge" data structure and discharge operation[edit]
The "current-edge" data structure is a mechanism for visiting the in- and out-neighbors of a vertex in the flow network in a static circular order. If a singly linked list of neighbors is created for a vertex, the data structure can be as simple as a pointer into the list that steps through the list and rewinds to the head when it runs off the end.
Based on the "current-edge" data structure, the discharge operation can be defined. A discharge operation applies on an active node and repeatedly pushes flow from the node until it becomes inactive, relabeling it as necessary to create admissible edges in the process.
discharge(u): while e[u] > 0 if current-edge[u] has run off the end of neighbors[u] relabel(u) rewind current-edge[u] else let (u, v) = current-edge[u] if (u, v) is admissible push(u, v) else let current-edge[u] point to the next neighbor of u
Active vertex selection rules[edit]
Definition of the discharge operation reduces the push–relabel algorithm to repeatedly selecting an active node to discharge. Depending on the selection rule, the algorithm exhibits different time complexities. For the sake of brevity, we ignore s and t when referring to the vertices in the following discussion.
FIFO selection rule[edit]
The FIFO push–relabel algorithm[2] organizes the active vertices into a queue. The initial active nodes can be inserted in arbitrary order. The algorithm always removes the vertex at the front of the queue for discharging. Whenever an inactive vertex becomes active, it is appended to the back of the queue.
The algorithm has O(V3) time complexity.
Relabel-to-front selection rule[edit]
The relabel-to-front push–relabel algorithm[1] organizes all vertices into a linked list and maintains the invariant that the list is topologically sorted with respect to the admissible network. The algorithm scans the list from front to back and performs a discharge operation on the current vertex if it is active. If the node is relabeled, it is moved to the front of the list, and the scan is restarted from the front.
The algorithm also has O(V3) time complexity.
Highest label selection rule[edit]
The highest-label push–relabel algorithm[7] organizes all vertices into buckets indexed by their heights. The algorithm always selects an active vertex with the largest height to discharge.
The algorithm has O(V2√E) time complexity. If the lowest-label selection rule is used instead, the time complexity becomes O(V2E).[3]
Implementation techniques[edit]
Although in the description of the generic push–relabel algorithm above, h(u) is set to zero for each vertex u other than s and t at the beginning, it is preferable to perform a backward breadth-first search from t to compute the exact heights.[2]
The algorithm is typically separated into two phases. Phase one computes a maximum preflow by discharging only active vertices whose heights are below n. Phase two converts the maximum preflow into a maximum flow by returning excess flow that cannot reach t to s. It can be shown that phase two has O(VE) time complexity regardless of the order of push and relabel operations and is therefore dominated by phase one. Alternatively, it can be implemented using flow decomposition.[8]
Heuristics are crucial to improving the empirical performance of the algorithm.[9] Two commonly used heuristics are the gap heuristic and the global relabeling heuristic.[2][10] The gap heuristic detects gaps in the height function. If there is a height 0 < h̃ < |V| for which there is no vertex u such that h(u) = h̃, then any vertex u with h̃ < h(u) < |V| has been disconnected from t and can be relabeled to (|V| + 1) immediately. The global relabeling heuristic periodically performs backward breadth-first search from t in Gf to compute the exact heights of the vertices. Both heuristics skip unhelpful relabel operations, which are a bottleneck of the algorithm and contribute to the ineffectiveness of dynamic trees.[4]
Sample implementations[edit]
#include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #define NODES 6 #define MIN(X,Y) ((X) < (Y) ? (X) : (Y)) #define INFINITE 10000000 void push(const int * const * C, int ** F, int *excess, int u, int v) { int send = MIN(excess[u], C[u][v] - F[u][v]); F[u][v] += send; F[v][u] -= send; excess[u] -= send; excess[v] += send; } void relabel(const int * const * C, const int * const * F, int *height, int u) { int v; int min_height = INFINITE; for (v = 0; v < NODES; v++) { if (C[u][v] - F[u][v] > 0) { min_height = MIN(min_height, height[v]); height[u] = min_height + 1; } } }; void discharge(const int * const * C, int ** F, int *excess, int *height, int *seen, int u) { while (excess[u] > 0) { if (seen[u] < NODES) { int v = seen[u]; if ((C[u][v] - F[u][v] > 0) && (height[u] > height[v])){ push(C, F, excess, u, v); } else seen[u] += 1; } else { relabel(C, F, height, u); seen[u] = 0; } } } void moveToFront(int i, int *A) { int temp = A[i]; int n; for (n = i; n > 0; n--){ A[n] = A[n-1]; } A[0] = temp; } int pushRelabel(const int * const * C, int ** F, int source, int sink) { int *excess, *height, *list, *seen, i, p; excess = (int *) calloc(NODES, sizeof(int)); height = (int *) calloc(NODES, sizeof(int)); seen = (int *) calloc(NODES, sizeof(int)); list = (int *) calloc((NODES-2), sizeof(int)); for (i = 0, p = 0; i < NODES; i++){ if((i != source) && (i != sink)) { list[p] = i; p++; } } height[source] = NODES; excess[source] = INFINITE; for (i = 0; i < NODES; i++) push(C, F, excess, source, i); p = 0; while (p < NODES - 2) { int u = list[p]; int old_height = height[u]; discharge(C, F, excess, height, seen, u); if (height[u] > old_height) { moveToFront(p,list); p=0; } else p += 1; } int maxflow = 0; for (i = 0; i < NODES; i++) maxflow += F[source][i]; free(list); free(seen); free(height); free(excess); return maxflow; } void printMatrix(const int * const * M) { int i,j; for (i = 0; i < NODES; i++) { for (j = 0; j < NODES; j++) printf("%d\t",M[i][j]); printf("\n"); } } int main(void) { int **flow, **capacities, i; flow = (int **) calloc(NODES, sizeof(int*)); capacities = (int **) calloc(NODES, sizeof(int*)); for (i = 0; i < NODES; i++) { flow[i] = (int *) calloc(NODES, sizeof(int)); capacities[i] = (int *) calloc(NODES, sizeof(int)); } //Sample graph capacities[0][1] = 2; capacities[0][2] = 9; capacities[1][2] = 1; capacities[1][3] = 0; capacities[1][4] = 0; capacities[2][4] = 7; capacities[3][5] = 7; capacities[4][5] = 4; printf("Capacity:\n"); printMatrix(capacities); printf("Max Flow:\n%d\n", pushRelabel(capacities, flow, 0, 5)); printf("Flows:\n"); printMatrix(flow); return 0; }
def relabel_to_front(C, source, sink): n = len(C) # C is the capacity matrix F = [[0] * n for _ in xrange(n)] # residual capacity from u to v is C[u][v] - F[u][v] height = [0] * n # height of node excess = [0] * n # flow into node minus flow from node seen = [0] * n # neighbours seen since last relabel # node "queue" nodelist = [i for i in xrange(n) if i != source and i != sink] def push(u, v): send = min(excess[u], C[u][v] - F[u][v]) F[u][v] += send F[v][u] -= send excess[u] -= send excess[v] += send def relabel(u): # find smallest new height making a push possible, # if such a push is possible at all min_height = ∞ for v in xrange(n): if C[u][v] - F[u][v] > 0: min_height = min(min_height, height[v]) height[u] = min_height + 1 def discharge(u): while excess[u] > 0: if seen[u] < n: # check next neighbour v = seen[u] if C[u][v] - F[u][v] > 0 and height[u] > height[v]: push(u, v) else: seen[u] += 1 else: # we have checked all neighbours. must relabel relabel(u) seen[u] = 0 height[source] = n # longest path from source to sink is less than n long excess[source] = Inf # send as much flow as possible to neighbours of source for v in xrange(n): push(source, v) p = 0 while p < len(nodelist): u = nodelist[p] old_height = height[u] discharge(u) if height[u] > old_height: nodelist.insert(0, nodelist.pop(p)) # move to front of list p = 0 # start from front of list else: p += 1 return sum(F[source])
- ^ a b c Cormen, T. H.; Leiserson, C. E.; Rivest, R. L.; Stein, C. (2001). "§26 Maximum flow". Introduction to Algorithms (2nd ed.). The MIT Press. pp. 643–698. ISBN 0262032937.
- ^ a b c d e Goldberg, A. V.; Tarjan, R. E. (1986). "A new approach to the maximum flow problem". Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing — STOC '86. pp. 136–146. doi:10.1145/12130.12144. ISBN 0897911938.
- ^ a b Ahuja, R. K.; Kodialam, M.; Mishra, A. K.; Orlin, J. B. (1997). "Computational investigations of maximum flow algorithms". European Journal of Operational Research 97 (3): 509–542. doi:10.1016/S0377-2217(96)00269-X.
- ^ a b c Goldberg, A. V. (2008). "The partial augment-relabel algorithm for the maximum flow problem". Algorithms — ESA 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 5193. pp. 466–477. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-87744-8_39. ISBN 978-3-540-87743-1.
- ^ Goldberg, A. V. (1997). "An efficient implementation of a scaling minimum-cost flow algorithm". Journal of Algorithms 22: 1–29. doi:10.1006/jagm.1995.0805.
- ^ Ahuja, R. K.; Orlin, J. B. (1991). "Distance-directed augmenting path algorithms for maximum flow and parametric maximum flow problems". Naval Research Logistics 38 (3): 413–430. doi:10.1002/1520-6750(199106)38:3<413::AID-NAV3220380310>3.0.CO;2-J.
- ^ Cheriyan, J.; Maheshwari, S. N. (1988). "Analysis of preflow push algorithms for maximum network flow". Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 338. pp. 30−48. doi:10.1007/3-540-50517-2_69. ISBN 978-3-540-50517-4.
- ^ Ahuja, R. K.; Magnanti, T. L.; Orlin, J. B. (1993). Network Flows: Theory, Algorithms, and Applications (1st ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 013617549X.
- ^ Cherkassky, B. V.; Goldberg, A. V. (1995). "On implementing push-relabel method for the maximum flow problem". Integer Programming and Combinatorial Optimization. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 920. pp. 157−171. doi:10.1007/3-540-59408-6_49. ISBN 978-3-540-59408-6.
- ^ Derigs, U.; Meier, W. (1989). "Implementing Goldberg's max-flow-algorithm — A computational investigation". Zeitschrift für Operations Research 33 (6): 383–403. doi:10.1007/BF01415937.


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"Silence will save me from being wrong (and foolish), but it will also deprive me of the possibility of being right." -- Igor Stravinsky
Saturday, August 18, 2007
Mr. Market
In honor of this week's market volatility, I search the vaults to bring you: "Mr. Market's Wild Ride".
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when you havehero gold,you can get moreReplyDelete
hero online gold,you can brush
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Monday, October 31, 2011
Newly Educated and Disgusted:
I am appalled, Disgusted, overwhelmed, and saddened. My eyes have been truly opened to the evil that is America's food Industry. I may have read a couple things, seen a couple pictures but nothing that had so deeply affected me as the documentary "Food INC" has now done.
If you have seen this movie, you know what I am talking about. If you haven't, I strongly urge that you do so as soon as possible. Before you pick up that frozen pizza at your grocery store. Before you put anything else in your cart, watch that movie!
Patrick and I have long talked about and inched our way towards having our own food sources. We have made efforts in that regard. We have chickens, and rabbits, we are composting and starting to garden. But now, I need to double my efforts for sustainability. It's not a game for me anymore. This is a war between Americans and Industry and I have officially joined the fight.
Here is an afterthought for you. If the food industry is putting THAT into Americans' food, what in the world did I just feed the cat.......
Watch the trailer, watch the movie. Tell me what you think.
3 comments:
I'm glad you watched Food Inc. It had the same effect on me. But now that I understand where and how we get our food it makes me angry to read about how organic farmers are being treated by the government!ReplyDelete
Interesting reading about a "Health Department inspection:"ReplyDelete
I'm all over this Rilla. Couldn't agree more.ReplyDelete
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Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online is Microsoft's cloud-hosted CRM offering, providing the established Dynamics CRM solution to businesses as a subscription service.The competitively priced Online Services solutions are hosted in Microsoft's world class datacentres, allowing customers of all sizes to access the technology without the traditional infrastructure investment.CRM Online helps businesses to:- Increase sales performance- Boost customer satisfaction- Improve marketing effectivenessMicrosoft Dynamics CRM integrates seamlessly with Microsoft Office Outlook, so it already feels familiar. The CRM Online solution is flexible, scalable and really can grow with your business.CRM Online Implementation Services from The CRM Business can help your organisation get up to speed quickly with this cutting-edge technology. Our experienced consultants can be available to assist you through all stages of your Microsoft Dynamics CRM implementation - from requirements gathering and analysis through to system design, customisation and delivery. We are able to work either remotely or on-site with you, providing a range of options tailored to your individual needs.
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Sarah . 19 . Australia.
avid food eater and drink drinker, self contained ball of medication, lover of music and video games
*high five*
instagram: sarahireneevans
now that we are best internet friends, lets go crazy like a 12 year old girl at a backstreet boys concert in 1999!!!!
Need this


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Sure, J.J. Abrams just signed on to direct the new Star Wars sequel, but before he heads to that "galaxy far, far away," the most sought after director in Hollywood has another sci-fi blockbuster to finish working on: Star Trek Into Darkness, the follow up to his smash 2009 reboot Star Trek, which earned $386 million worldwide and introduced Captain Kirk, Uhura, and Spock to a brand new generation of Trekkies. Abrams sums up the current state of his career with just one word: "Madness."
In this week's EW we give you an exclusive first look at the space age sequel that has geekdom waiting with bated breath. Star Trek Into Darkness, due May 17, has sparked feverish online speculation since the day it was announced — most of it about whether or not the film's resident baddie, John Harrison, played by Sherlock star Benedict Cumberbatch, is actually the infamous super villain Khan. POPWATCH Reports http://hllywdjnkt.co/WPKWE9
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Updated: May 3, 2013 12:14PM
Originally published: August 28, 2003
Have you finished your back-to-school shopping--for money? While retailers are consumed with selling school supplies and clothes, many students and their parents are desperately seeking money to pay college tuition. And help is available, even at this late date.
Most families incorrectly believe that the only people who get help with college costs are financially needy--a definition set by the College Board, and a definition that certainly does not include most middle-class families. But these families can be needy too, especially when it comes to the huge chunks of cash that must be handed over to colleges at the start of each semester. That's why Congress created the PLUS loan program.
PLUS loans for parents
PLUS loans are made to parents, not to the student. And they are not based on financial need. All that's needed is a good credit history, and the parent must be a U.S. citizen. The student must be less than 24 years old, unmarried with no dependents and enrolled at least half-time.
The interest rate on PLUS loans is definitely enticing. For the current year, the rate is 4.22 percent. That rate will change every July 1, based on the 91-day Treasury bill rate plus 3.1 percent. So for now, at least, PLUS loans are the cheapest way to borrow--less expensive than even a home equity loan, although the interest on PLUS loans is not deductible.
Parents can borrow up to 100 percent of the estimated cost of college, including tuition, books and room and board. The money is paid out directly to the school, in twice-yearly installments. Then the school disburses the money directly for tuition and other allowed expenses.
The repayment terms on PLUS loans are fairly generous, as well. Although interest starts accruing from the date the first funds are disbursed, parents have 10 years to make full repayment. That repayment period must begin within 60 days of the final loan disbursement in the student's senior year (or in graduate school). There are no prepayment penalties.
PLUS loans carry a combined fee of up to 4 percent of the loan. That amount mostly goes to the federal government as an origination fee, and is deducted proportionately from each loan disbursement.
Where do you go to find out more? Contact your school's financial aid department, or ask your bank. Or to make things really easy, you can get information and apply online at some of the major financial aid Web sites, including these:
**www.parentanswer.com. This is the PLUS loan section of the Sallie Mae Web site. Sallie Mae is the largest provider of student education funding. Its main Web site is accessed at www.SallieMae.com. Or you can call Sallie Mae at (800) 891-1410.
**www.cfsloans.com. The Collegiate Funding Service now waives 1 percentage point of the origination fee on PLUS loans. And you can apply directly online. Its toll-free number is (888) 423-7562.
**www.FinancialAid.com offers similar services. Its toll-free help number is (866) 854-PLUS.
One interesting note: Parents can apply for a PLUS loan retroactively to cover educational expenses they've already paid for in the current school year.
Sallie Mae signature loan
Some students don't have parents who are willing to take out a loan on their behalf, or who may not have the required good credit history. Here's a place where a student can get a loan based on his or her signature alone if the student has a good personal credit history. And having a willing co-signer (not necessarily a parent) can keep the interest rate down.
Sallie Mae created this loan as a private education loan, not subsidized in any way by the federal government. It is available to undergraduate, graduate and health profession students. Sallie Mae says more than 80 percent of loan applications are approved.
The interest rate on this loan is tied to the prime rate, currently 4 percent. There are no fees. But the prime rate can be very volatile, thus exposing the borrower to significant upside interest rate risk. For more information on this signature loan, go to www.SallieMae.com and look for "Signature Express Online" to learn more and to apply.
College tuition keeps rising every year. But so does the ultimate value of a college education in a world that is differentiated by jobs that require education and flexibility. So if you're about to give up on going back to school solely because of money issues, you might want to do some research at the Web sites above and reconsider. The burden of debt is a heavy one, but it is almost always outweighed by the benefits of a college degree. And that's The Savage Truth.
Terry Savage is a registered investment adviser and is on the board of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and McDonald's Corp. She appears weekly on WMAQ-Channel 5's 4:30 p.m. newscast, and can be reached at her Web site, www.terrysavage.com.


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Health Matters - Longboat Key & Sarasota 2/18/10
Date: February 18, 2010
by: The Observer Staff
The February issue of Health Matters features:
*Healthy Outlook: Certain cooking methods preserve more nutrients
*Cover Story: Local doctors amp up cardiovascular disease prevention
*Buffer Zone: Hula hooping brings fun and exercise full circle
"The Biggest Loser" Sarasota Challenge begins
*Picture of Health: Raw food chef and health educator finds her sense of purpose
*Health Calendar: Local events, seminars and support groups
Do you have a story to tell? Don't forget to pass on any health tips you use, trends you have seen, local fitness and nutrition classes you love or a new medical procedure you want to share, etc. , by e-mailing Managing Editor Jessica Luck at firstname.lastname@example.com. The next Health Matters will be published Thursday, March 18.
To view Health Matters, click here.
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- I would like to read the 2/18/10 Health Matters Insert so I click on the link below:
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I think there is something wrong with this web page as the prior month's article works just fine.
Is there 'anything you can do to fix your web page?
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- Sep
24 "Smart, Sassy, Strong & Classy!" Women's Gala & Speed Networking Event
10:00 am - 2:00 pm
- Sep
24 Sarasota Memorial HealthSquare
10:00 am - 11:00 am
- Sep
24 Sunsets at Selby
5:30 pm - 9:00 pm
- Sep
25 Mindful Practice
6:00 am
Can you dig it?
Third- and fourth-grade students of Temple Beth Sholom had a chance to brush up on their paleontology skills last week while digging for faux dinosaur bones.
Sound of scholars
Local students Caleb Upton and Matthew Vaadi received some help for their upcoming studies to the tune of $1,000 each from the Sarasota Chorus of the Keys. The scholarships were made possible through the Sheridan E. Brown Memorial Scholarship Fund. Both students plan to use the funds toward a career in music.
High Five Moments of the Week
The top five sports moments of the week.


text:
It is official. The Carolina Panthers will play the San Francisco 49ers in the play-offs this Sunday.
"I'm fired up," Panthers Player Mike Tolbert said. "I've been fired up since San Fran won last night. I am ready to go."
Also fired up is Steve Smith. Despite his injury he is confident he will be on the gridiron on Sunday.
"I think I will be fine for Sunday," Smith said. "I give it a 60 - 40 shot."
The Panthers know they have their work cut out for them to beat the 49ers, but they believe they are up for the job.
"We've done it once," Panthers Player Mike Tolbert said. "We can do it again, but we have to be prepared for everything they bring us."
The Panthers started this season 1-3 and ended up with 12-4. Many didn't think the Panthers would have made it this far. Now players are eyeing the chance to play in Super Bowl 48.
"That's the ultimate goal around here," Panthers Player Brandon LaFell said. "Is to get into the Super Bowl. Keep winning, win two, get a bye week then win the Super Bowl."
Panthers Coach Ron Rivera calls Sunday's game important and is happy the game is being played at Bank of America stadium. He thinks that will make a difference.
"It means a lot," Rivera said. "It really does. It's been great all year. We deserve to be here and give a good experience to our fans."
Panthers will be practicing all this week to be ready for Sunday. Tolbert says practice plus his before the game activities get him ready on Game Day.
"Listen to my music," Tolbert said. "Get in the right zone, go over my playbook, and when the lights come on - the monster comes out in me."
If the Panthers win Sunday they will play either Seattle Seahawks or New Orleans Saints.
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Hello. I'm Jordan a.k.a. cpl-bradley. I'm 18 years old. I live in Minnesota. I am a Senior in high school. I love to create games and write music. I can play guitar, bass guitar, and keyboard, but my main instrument is the drum set. I've been making music for about 6 years but have been playing instruments for about 11
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On the size and structure of group cooperation
AbstractThis paper examines characteristics of cooperative behavior in a repeated, n-person, continuous action generalization of a Prisoner's Dilemma game. When time preferences are heterogeneous and bounded away from one, how does group cooperation vary with the group's size and structure? For an arbitrary distribution of discount factors, we characterize the maximal average cooperation (MAC) likelihood of this game. The MAC likelihood is the highest average level of cooperation, over all stationary subgame perfect equilibrium paths, in the group. We show that the MAC likelihood is increasing in monotone shifts, and decreasing in mean preserving spreads, of the distribution of discount factors. This suggests that more heterogeneous groups are less cooperative. Finally, we show under certain conditions that the MAC likelihood exhibits increasing returns to scale when discounting is heterogeneous: larger groups are more cooperative than smaller ones. By contrast, when discounting is homogeneous, the MAC likelihood is invariant to group size.
(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
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Bibliographic InfoArticle provided by Elsevier in its journal Journal of Economic Theory.
Volume (Year): 135 (2007)
Issue (Month): 1 (July)
Pages: 68-89
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Web page: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/622869
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Other versions of this item:
- Matthew Haag & Roger Lagunoff, 2002. "On the Size and Structure of Group Cooperation," Wallis Working Papers WP33, University of Rochester - Wallis Institute of Political Economy.
- Haag, Matthew & Roger Lagunoff, 2003. "On the Size and Structure of Group Cooperation," Royal Economic Society Annual Conference 2003 97, Royal Economic Society.
- Matthew Haag & Roger Lagunoff, 2010. "On the Size and Structure of Group cooperation," Levine's Working Paper Archive 506439000000000043, David K. Levine.
- Matthew Haag & Roger Lagunoff, 2003. "On the Size and Structure of Group Cooperation," Working Papers 2003.54, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
- Matthew Haag & Roger Lagunoff, 2002. "On the Size and Structure of Group Cooperation," Game Theory and Information 0209005, EconWPA.
- Haag, Matthew & Lagunoff, Roger, 2002. "On the Size and Structure of Group Cooperation," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 650, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.
- C7 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory
- D62 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Externalities
- D7 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making
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- Pecorino, Paul, 1999. "The effect of group size on public good provision in a repeated game setting," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(1), pages 121-134, April.
- Martin McGuire, 1974. "Group size, group homo-geneity, and the aggregate provision of a pure public good under cournot behavior," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 107-126, June.
- Aoyagi, Masaki, 1996. "Reputation and Dynamic Stackelberg Leadership in Infinitely Repeated Games," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 71(2), pages 378-393, November.
- Mailath, George J. & Obara, Ichiro & Sekiguchi, Tadashi, 2002.
"The Maximum Efficient Equilibrium Payoff in the Repeated Prisoners' Dilemma,"
Games and Economic Behavior,
Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 99-122, July.
- George J. Mailath & Ichiro Obara & Tadashi Sekiguchi, . "The Maximum Efficient Equilibrium Payoff in the Repeated Prisoners' Dilemma," Penn CARESS Working Papers 83719e84b6825736ffcfdfacb, Penn Economics Department.
- Fudenberg, Drew & Levine, David K, 1989.
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Cited by:
- Juan Escobar, 2008. "Cooperation and Self-Governance in Heterogeneous Communities," Discussion Papers 07-038, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.
- Wiktor Adamowicz & Michel Hanemann & Joffre Swait & Reed Johnson & David Layton & Michel Regenwetter & Torsten Reimer & Robert Sorkin, 2005. "Decision Strategy and Structure in Households: A "Groups" Perspective," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 16(3), pages 387-399, December.
- Andrea Galeotti & Miguel Mel�ndez, 2004. "Exploitation and Cooperation in Networks," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 04-076/1, Tinbergen Institute.
- Fon, Vincy & Parisi, Francesco, 2008. "Role-reversibility, stochastic ignorance, and social cooperation," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 1061-1075, June.
- Roger Lagunoff & Matthew Haag, 2002. "One Size and Structure of Group Cooperation," Working Papers gueconwpa~02-02-05, Georgetown University, Department of Economics.
- Bowen, T. Renee & Zahran, Zaki, 2012.
"On dynamic compromise,"
Games and Economic Behavior,
Elsevier, vol. 76(2), pages 391-419.
- Bowen, T. Renee & Zahran, Zaki, 2009. "On Dynamic Compromise," Research Papers 2020, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.
- Alexander E. Saak, 2012.
"Collective Reputation, Social Norms, and Participation,"
American Journal of Agricultural Economics,
Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 94(3), pages 763-785.
- Saak, Alexander, 2011. "Collective reputation, social norms, and participation:," IFPRI discussion papers 1107, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
- Paul Pecorino & Akram Temimi, 2007. "Public good provision in a repeated game: The role of small fixed costs of participation," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 130(3), pages 337-346, March.
- Andrea Galeotti & Miguel Mel�ndez, 2004. "Exploitation and Cooperation in Networks," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 04-076/1, Tinbergen Institute.
- Elias Asproudis, 2011. "Revisiting environmental groups and members' behaviour: budget, size and (im)pure altruism," Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, Society for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies - SEEPS, vol. 13(2), pages 139-156, June.
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