text: CALTECH/MIT VOTING TECHNOLOGY PROJECT A multi-disciplinary, collaborative project of the California Institute of Technology – Pasadena, California 91125 and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology – Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 SECURITY VULNERABILITIES AND PROBLEMS WITH VVPT Ted Selker Media Arts & Sciences, MIT Jon Goler MIT VTP WORKING PAPER April 2004 Security Vulnerabilities and Problems with VVPT Ted Selker, PhD Computer Science Jon Goler Caltech/MIT Voting Technology Project April 2004 Abstract A proposed Voter Verifiable Paper Trail (VVPT) includes a printed ballot as a receipt that a voter can view to verify their vote before leaving an electronic voting machine. This method is also supposed to insure the accuracy of the recorded vote by allowing the tally to be checked later by counting the collected receipts. This paper considers problems with ergonomics, logistics, security, fraud, and mechanical fragility with using VVPT. Ergonomic problems are introduced by the receipt having a different layout than the ballot, difficulty remembering previous selections to make the verification, by the extra step it introduces after making selections and by it not working well for sightless people. Logistics problems include difficulties in collecting and organizing the receipts, transporting them, and reading and reconciling them with electronic tallies. Security issues include the possibility that receipts can be systematically misprinted in a way that cannot be detected and that hand counting will not easily detect fraud. Mechanical problems include printer breakdowns and supplies running out. VVPTs could add problems by being questioned in various ways or though the development of computer programs that defraud the VVPT systematically. VVPTs do not address existing sources of disenfranchisement such as registration problems, equipment and ballot problems, and polling place problems. Experiments and elections have yet to establish that people can in fact verify their ballots using a paper receipt. Effective approaches for accurately counting the paper receipts for auditing purposes have not been established either. Proving that an election correctly records and transmits the intention of the voter is worthwhile. Computers are the first technology that can easily report voting results in multiple formats. Simple systems-verification solutions are possible. Parallel voting and time shifted testing require no extra equipment. Voter Verified Audio Transcripts would simplify voting and improve audit security by presenting verification as feedback during the selection process rather than post hoc auditing. . Introduction Choosing a government is contentious and the mechanisms for collecting and counting votes have always been on the minds of the people involved. In ancient Greece, Egypt, and Rome people used physical objects, like shards of pottery, to document their choices. Over the last century, developing voting technology has continued to improve the way votes are marked and collected. In 1868 Thomas Edison invented an electronic voting machine. In the 1890s the so-called "Australian secret ballot" was adopted in United States. Hand transcription of marks on paper has given way to automated optical sensors reading the marks. Automated counting reduces the problems of people overlooking, adding, or removing a mark. Writing down columns of local tallies to be added together by hand has given way to spreadsheets and automated calculations. These methods further eliminate human errors. New computer voting machines will not let voters make the mistake of leaving extra marks on alternative selections or making too many selections for a race. Automated processes are eliminating some errors, as well. Prospects are good for using technology to simplify the voting user experience and increasing its accuracy. However, all technological improvements raise questions and must be implemented in a controlled way. In the case of voting technology, improvements have required experiments, slow rollouts and adjustments. Brazil introduced electronic voting in stages. In 1996, Brazil put electronic voting into place for 40,000 voters with 7% not being able to succeed at recording their votes electronically. Improvements from that experiment allowed this rate to fall to 2% for the 150,000-person experiment 1998. Improvements from that experiment resulted in only an estimated .2% of 106 million voters who were unable to electronically deposit in Brazil in 2000. User experience problems plagued the early electronic voting machines introduced in this country; in some cases the number of votes that were left unmarked on the new machines was greater than for the equipment they replaced. For example, some electronic ballots placed the selection to scroll to the next race too close to the selection for depositing the ballot, causing some voters to inadvertently cast their ballots before completing it. In accordance with law, the paper punch cards from the 2000 Florida election have been destroyed. Many people believe that we will never know the intentions of the voters in United States 2000 presidential election. Forensics [1] shows that 2 to 3 percent of the votes were lost due to problems with registration, ballot design and polling place operations. These problems are not new or unusual but are dramatized by the closeness of the 2000 presidential race, coupled with the desire to properly vet its outcome in an information-sophisticated world. These simple-t o-solve problems are not being addressed systematically. Instead, the public conversation has shifted to more vague issues of technology in elections and fraud. The call has gone out for approaches that will produce accurate, secure recording of votes with complete integrity [6]. Unlike paper ballots, voting machines give feedback to voters as they vote. Voting machines that disallow voting for too many candidates have reduced disenfranchisement of voters [7]. The common belief is that electronic voting machines will simplify the vote collection and counting process for all. Historically, the fragmented voting industry consisted of several companies that compete for the occasional upgrade. In the wake of the 2000 election, the Help America Vote Legislative Act of 2002 changed this in that it made available $1.2 billion in 2003 to upgrade the country's voting machines quickly [3]. Are these monies being released t o buy machines when it could be better spent researching how to improve them and the processes in which they are used? Concerns about security of the collection and counting process have always been important. Computers offer the first technology that can easily make copies of information in different forms for archival preservation. Electronic voting machines of today keep records of the votes on disk, removable physical media in memories and, as a final count, on a paper scroll. These multiple records can improve voting machines' immunity to problems. For example, if a floppy disk from the Brazilian Procom voting machine is unreadable, the election administrator records another one from the internal flash memory in the voting machine. However, the big question is how can we prove that the selections made on a computer interface by a voter are reflected correctly in the digital voting machine records? Critics of using computers to perform secure operations are speaking up. Broad media coverage has been given to the issue of how we can know that a vote is collected without the computer program tampering with it. Many approaches to ensure the secure transfer of a voter's selections into the computer are possible [2]. Adequate and provable electronic security could make certain that the vote tallies reflect the voter's intention. A separate Votemeter machine can check the voting machine while it is running. Modular architectures can segment the processs so that any changes in the votes would take multiple changes to code written by different organizations. Some call for the code being open for anyone to view in a so-called open source way. Many believe that separate records that are human readable will be most helpful. Open viewability of a second ballot has seemed attractive to many. The most popular of these in the public's eye have included Voter Verified Paper Trails (VVPT). The various schemes for this all include a display on which a voter makes selections and a way of viewing a paper receipt that is printed to reflect these selections. The voter cannot take this voting receipt away with them because if they did, it could be used to show how they voted and would compromise the secret ballot and security of elections. Nonetheless, such approaches have captured media and governmental attention as a solution. This paper describes some of the difficulties with VVPTs. A forthcoming paper will describe several alternative verifiable approaches to security. Ergonomics issues The VVPT is in a different format than the ballot, in a different place, is verified at a different time, and has a different graphical layout with different contrast and lighting parameters. Handling VVPTs causes other ergonomic problems for the ballot workers. During the first use of VVPT in an election, in November 2003 in Wilton, CT, virtually all voters had to be prompted to find and verify their receipt. This turned into extra effort for poll workers and extra time for voting. Anything that takes a voters attention away from the act of casting a ballot or causes a voter to invalidate their vote will reduce the chances of them voting for the candidate they intended. Many voters are frightened of going to balloting places because they fear intimidations that actually can transpire. They fear the voting process, the technology, and their registration not being there. The complexity of the voting process is already a deterrent from voting; VVPT adds complexity, which could drive away more voters. People are extremely good at remembering hundreds of precise images and comparing them against the same image [7]. But the format of the paper receipt will be different than that of the voting machine and because of these differences it is difficult for people to compare them after the fact. Most people have had the experience of taking two columns of numbers and finding it difficult to verify that they have not missed a number. Comparing dozens of selections on a voter-verified paper receipt will take such special care. Complications of comparing a separate paper trail in a different ballot format might add extra difficulty for people with learning and reading disabilities. The Wilton, CT experiment found people not noticing the VVPT because it was in a different place in the booth. Time limits on voting (3 minutes in New York City) are designed to keep balloting running smoothly. This time will likely need to be extended to allow for checking of the voter-verified paper trail. When people are focusing on a ballot it will be extra work to remember that they have to look at another place to verify their ballot. When a voter deposits his or her punch card ballot into the ESS PBC 2100, an electronic display shows that the voter has not voted for every race correctly, a paper trail is printed showing exactly the races in which a voter did not vote correctly. This system only shows problems that should be attended to and should be much easier to understand than a paper trail. In watching 500 voters casting ballots, I saw less than one in 10 people who, when they were told they had a problem with their ballot, were actually willing to take a new ballot and vote again. There appeared to be four reasons for this: many said they "knew" they had done the right thing and it must be all right, many felt pressed for time and wanted to leave, some were embarrassed, and some seemed overwhelmed. The task of reviewing the ballot after a person believes they have completed the task can be anticlimactic. One thinks they are done with voting but must go through it again. The biggest difficulty in verifying a paper trail might be that some jurisdictions have over 100 races on which a voter makes selections. Remembering how one voted on each is difficult. Without a reference guide, it is likely that people who make decisions while marking their vote will forget how they marked the ballot that they are checking. Incorrectly calling fraud on a ballot machine will slow or stop others from getting to vote. In any case the difficulty of the cognitive task of checking a ballot afterwards will be much higher than any perceptual task that is required of the voter while they are marking their ballots [4]. The most popular description of VVPT places it behind glass to avoid losing the integrity of the secondary ballots. To the extent that the paper trail is not directly against the glass or the glass is not thick, offset parallax can make it hard to view. The apparent position of a finger against the glass changes with the viewing angle, making it difficult to accurately see which selection is being verified on a ballot with dozens of races. Additional ergonomic considerations include lighting and readability issues that probably can be dealt with. For some vision-impaired people magnifying glasses and lighting will not make this process more accessible. A different verification mechanism such as audio verification will be required for them not to be disenfranchised. The step of reviewing the voting machine after using it has been difficult for voters. In Cook County, IL there are videotapes or machines to train people in using the ESS PBC2100. But, in visiting some 60 precincts, I never saw anyone watch the video. Maybe people believe that they can figure it out once they are in the voting machine. Ballot worker ergonomic problems exist in the logistics of keeping the receipts secure, counting them, verifying that they are the same number as the number in the DRE, sealing the receipts in a transport box, checking that these are prepared correctly for transport (hopefully under scrutiny of more than one person), and transferring them. Ergonomic problems complicating the process turn into logistical problems. Logistics problems Collecting and counting the ballots can be difficult. In Wilton, CT the ballot boxes had a gap through which ballots could have fallen. While watching a precinct close down in Cook County, IL in March 2002, we noticed a ballot on the floor. Transporting ballots has posed problems. Even in LA County, in the last use of punch cards in October 2003, a ballot box was lost for several hours. At 2:00 a.m. somebody had to go look for the hopefully-untampered- with missing box; finally it was found behind a door in the polling place. Ballots have been known to fall off the top of cars and have been left in trunks of cars during transportation. There were allegations in the 2000 election of replacing one set of punch cards in a balloting place with another. Typically a ballot worker transports ballots in a personal car to a collection station. In the fall of 2003 San Francisco election, some ballot workers transported paper ballots in shopping carts down the street. These methods of transportation raise serious concerns on the security of votes. By the time election workers shut down a polling place, many of them have worked a 13-hour day. In LA County we recently saw a poll worker bully others into saying that they had completed checks that only one person actually did. We saw people closing a ballot box and covering the bar code "for security" which would make it unreadable by the machine as it traveled to the paper ballot collection center. These kinds of mistakes with physical things are always an issue for any system that a person is not familiar with or does not do on a regular basis. When people are doing something that is very important, nervousness as well as fatigue can make them less reliable. Arranging to store and read the ballots later presents formidable problems. Punch card holes are designed to be the simplest of all possible separate paper records to read in an automated way. While it is easy to read one or ten cards, no one has made a reader that can read a million reliably. Being human readable will make it harder to accurately read the ballots with machines. Even when multiple people read ballots together the tally can change with multiple readings. How many hand counts are required to certify correctness? When the number is different between the paper and the electronic, which one should be trusted? Reading scraps of paper or receipts automatically has not been established as reliable. Machine reading Optical Character Reader (OCR) scan ballots, and punch cards, are more reliable than people reading paper [1]. The suggestion that some human -unreadable indicator, such as a barcode, be included on each receipt compromises the VVPT proponent's goal of the humans as the final judge. The fact that the VVPT is not the primary election count will be known by the ballot workers likely leading them to be less careful with them than with primary ballots. Since receipts are curled thin paper, the process of counting them at the end of the day is harder than counting paper ballots. Not counting them at poll closing will make it harder to validate later. Receipts printed with paper tape are hard to stack or organize. In Broward County, FL, for example, the ballots are counted in a warehouse where a loading dock door is commonly left open, letting wind blow in that could shift the paper. VVPTs will require workers to handle scraps of paper curled by the roll in the machine. The mechanical problems of handling the thin paper will be worse than with customary ballots. Interpreting the human readable words on them will be more complex than registering a hole or a filled-in oval. All election machines today allow an administrator to change the time. Changing the time on the voting machine, ballot, or OCR could allow someone to maliciously revote a precinct. Knowing how many people voted for the day, a dishonest poll worker could fraudulently revote the election. The worker could produce a new fraudulent VVPT, putting into question which VVPT is correct. Luckily this would be a labor-intensive way to defraud an election. Counting the paper trail presents other problems. Ballot workers arranging and moving cards around always seems precarious. Ballot workers who are running a punch card machine have procedures for dealing with misread cards. Even when everyone is watching in an organized punch card reading operation, people worry about cards getting disorganized, out of order, and being removed or changed. People are inured to paperwork. People who work with computers constantly have to approve long contracts in order to install software. Computer users are used to approving contracts without reading them completely; most just press the approve button. Conversely, for the non-computer users, the very idea of checking a computer might be confusing; how would they know what to trust? Now consider people who go through checkout lines in the grocery store. When I was a teenager I bought food for my family and had to be frugal. The cashier hand transcribed the prices into the cash register; I would check my receipt and often find an error; when in my favor, I was refunded. Today cash registers that scan prices have reduced the problems of transcription of the prices and are more reliable. It is not so common to find errors any more and many people do not look at them. ATMs also give receipts. These receipts often have the balance of a bank account and can even indicate the account on them. Even with important financial information on them, these receipts are dropped on the floor or put in the trash can right next to the ATM where anyone could see them. Being surrounded by receipts that we do not pay attention to is an impediment on taking the voter verifiable paper trail seriously. It is unclear that voters will be more careful with a VVPT than they are in caring for their receipts at an ATM or in a grocery store. Illiteracy can also be a problem when trying to verify a ballot. Variation in formats between the ballot and a verifiable paper receipt can confuse the voter. Voter information often helps people to familiarize themselves with the ballot they will see on the voting machine or to create a crib sheet to allow them to recognize where to mark the ballot. Unfortunately, the paper receipt is in a different format and would require a separate verification sheet to be tested by an illiterate person. Less than fifty percent of eligible voters in this country vote. The increased logistical problems introduced by VVPT will not make people think voting is easier. Software Security and Fraud in Voter Verification systems A natural question about voting concerns possible fraud. David Orr, the county clerk of Cook County, Illinois, said he believes that only 1/3 of voters who are told they have an overvote will take a new ballot. Others have described seeing only one in 10 to one in 30 voters willing to revote when they learned from the ESS PBC2100 receipt that they had spoiled their ballot. Consider that a person decides to commit fraud against a machine with a VVPT. Software could be designed to take advantage of the way voters seldom verify or, even less commonly, act on the information on paper receipts. If the software is designed to print the paper trail incorrectly, some will not notice that there is a problem. Additionally, a line of people will likely be waiting to use the voting machines, and the ballot workers are confronted all day long by people who consider themselves to be disenfranchised by the process so any genuine concern may not be addressed. In the first 10 minutes of watching people vote in LA County, I saw a person give up and decide not to vote because of the line and another person outraged by the procedure for voting when he was not found as a registered voter. Voters want to be helped inside the ballot booth. Voters want to take more time than allowed. Are poll workers able to distinguish these kinds of concerns and concerns stemming from a genuinely defrauded machine? To defraud a VVPT machine a hacker might make the machine skip a race or appear to have a bad printer, perhaps by making the printer look like it's printing while it's not actually printing anything readable, or simply by making an unreadable section on the receipt. If this unreadable section is carefully printed it will be unreadable in a later recount. This could be used to cover up software defrauding of the electronic vote or it could hide changes in the vote inside the computer. The vote inside the machine and the vote on the paper could be made to agree or disagree with the electronic vote. In making the VVPT and electronic ballot disagree, the defrauder could be calling into question the quality of technology to create a reason to call for a new election. In a more likely scenario, the defrauder will change the electronic ballot and depend on the statistics for reading and contesting bad receipts. If a person calls their receipt into question and asks for another receipt to be printed, the hacked VVPT machine can print the "duplicate" receipt correctly, fixing the mistake. By printing the correct receipt when a person asks for it a second time it could literally eliminate the changed ballot, thus eliminating the possibility of detection. Although the program has to give up this one changed ballot it won't happen often. If this follows the experience described above, only one in three to one in 30 people that see a problem will be willing to do something about it. A hacker changing one percent of votes could count on between one in 300 and one in 3,000 voters who see a problem wanting to do anything about it. Considering that up to 1/3 of the fraudulent receipts would be noticed, the hacker has to change one in 75 votes to get a one percent change in the outcome. If everyone reads their paper receipt carefully, one out of 225 people might notice that their paper receipt is different from their vote. The natural thing is to have the printer reprint it. In a precinct voting 500 people, this will be noticed twice during the day. When a voter complains and it comes to the attention of one of the several ballot workers that are running the election in a balloting area, it is likely to be caused by the ergonomic problems described above. If it is because of the fraudulent VVPT, it will likely be the first time the ballot worker encounters this problem, which will make it harder to handle correctly than if they encountered it often. They are likely to encourage the voter to reprint the receipt that would, as outlined above, allow the voting machine to fix the internal count and print the correct receipt to cover up the fraud. If the ballot worker does e nter the balloting area where the voter is, in order to verify the legitimacy of a problem with a VVPT, then they would have compromised the secrecy of that ballot. Even if they did enter the voters balloting booth to observe the strangely printed receipt, the natural reaction to an unreadable receipt would be to print a duplicate receipt themselves. Exchanging printers would also reprint the ballot, thereby eliminating the evidence. Shutting down the machine is the only thing that would preserve the fraud to view later, but this would disenfranchise other voters. As described above, a printer can fake printing problems to cover up changes to the electronic and physical records. By doing this, it can introduce fraudulent tallies. Another way for software to defraud the paper trail is to print more receipts than voters. This could easily be seen as a mechanical problem at the time. Mechanical problems with VVPT Voting experts have been concerned about VVPT printers having problems. For instance, the connection between the printer and the machine can be broken, which would stop the printer functioning, and would keep people from being able to vote. If the printer were in the same unit as the voting machine, this problem might be lessened. Unfortunately, that would mean that the voting machine itself would have to be serviced to service the printer. Still it is a separate subsystem and would reduce voting machine reliability. A printer can break mechanically— the motor, the levers or the solenoids can stop working, for instance. A plug replacement printer could be available, but the problem with the plug replacement printer is whether or not it can pick up where the other one left off. Has one ballot been lost in the meantime? Are we inserting a ballot accidentally when installing a printer? The person replacing a part can read the receipt because it is voter-verifiable. If they do change the paper, do they have access to the printout? Additionally, the ink can be dried up or run out. If all printers are given new supplies preceding the election and tested, this should not be a problem. However, ensuring that such procedures include signoffs and checks of ink expiration dates is crucial to eliminating ink problems. If the printer is thermal (as many voting equipment printers are), the ink can't dry out. The problem with thermal devices is that heat applied to the paper before or after the election can destroy the printing. Thermal printing also fades with time and the paper tends to deteriorate more quickly. These issues of printer failure might seem to be minor, but when considering LA County in which 2.2 million people vote in one day, the implications of mechanic problems that can occur are gigantic. In order to add any system that will not increase spoiled ballots, it must not add errors to the system. For the additional paper receipt to complicate the voter experience it must not misprint, jam, run out of paper or ink, malfunction, break, or loose its connection in a way that compromises the secrecy, integrity or accuracy of the vote. To not lose votes, the printers must be shown to be able to print without failure during a voting election. Each printer must be able to print a typical precinct ballot every election for its planned lifetime. The number of voters in a precinct would not likely be more 200 voters per machine per election. General and special elections typically occur not more than 5 times a year. If the printer it to be used for 10 years a calculation of 15 years of l ife gives that it should be able to print 15,000 ballots without breaking. The chance of breaking as opposed to wearing out is different; no machine should break down the day of election in a way that could lose a vote. For LA County, printers would have to have a reliability test that would ensure that they have a mean time between failures that is much larger than 2.2 million. Alternatives to VVPT The possible means of improving the authenticity and reliability of software are many. First, better methods for better software development can easily be applied to voting. Modular architecture that separates the different parts of the machine and makes it possible for them to be tracked separately is a good approach. Encrypted votes could improve the validity of the system. Allowing everyone to view the computer program as "open source" is a fashionable approach to ensuring that simple problems in it are not evident. The "votemeter," is a separate system that allows the voter to observe the vote without changing the software. To the extent that a votemeter is written by a separate set of people that have no communication with each other, they cannot be in conspiracy to defraud votes. This separate verifying computer can also present the data in exactly the same format as the voting machine. This allows people to compare their votes with a record of those votes in the same format. It can be enhanced by special optics that overlay the two images of the two different displays. Such a votemeter system can easily be verified and work across disabilities. The most exciting improvement of votemeter over verified paper trails is that reading it is easy, doing it is easy, and establishing its separateness is easy. By solving all of these problems the votemeter can literally eliminate the problems of setup and teardown. It can recognize the problems of voting, and establish authentic and separate verifications of the ballot. Another verification approach is Voter Verified Audio Transcripts (VVAT), which speaks the names of the selections into earphones as selections are made. One advantage of this system is that receiving feedback while a person is making selections is easier to verify than a ballot later. Also, the tape that it produces is easy to count and has better integrity than receipts in a ballot box. Such a system can be implemented with the audio hardware available in today's DRE voting machines. In the future, many other approaches for establishing verification and audit of votes are possible. Systems could have multiple pieces of software checking each other or multiple computers could verify each other's results. The most exciting of these is a voter's ability to compare his or her vote with the vote stored in the database of the government before they leave the voting booth. This will, in fact, some day be possible. When this is possible not only will we have a qualified belief that the vote this person cast is the vote that is stored in the computer, but we will also have deep security and the knowledge that what occurs at the very front end of the computer in establishing voter intentions is carried through, not only from the registration and authentication, marking the ballot, recording the ballot, storing the ballot, but also to recording the ballot in the election as it is being counted. We can begin by verifying the votes on parallel machines. Parallel voting consists of pulling a voting machine out of service at random and assigning it to a phantom precinct. By controlling the votes that are cast and checking the results it collects, the machine can show that it recorded them as they were cast, ruling out an extra computer program, a "Trojan horse", "Easter eggs" or other fraud. The voting machine is then used in a real election as a test of its ability to count votes correctly on the day of election thereby establishing the quality of the machines. Conclusions This paper shows there are many different ways of disenfranchising a person using a voter-verified paper trail. First, people can be disenfranchised in all the normal ways. They can have registration problems; they can have valid design problems, polling place problems, etc. Second, the paper trail can be lost, stolen, or added to. Third, the equipment can be designed or accidentally set up so it doesn't work, or it slowly changes itself. Finally, intentional fraud can be widespread and created in software in such a way that it can be hidden from the voter and from the ballot worker on the day of election and not be remedied later. The final problem is that counting paper cannot be done at the accuracy level that electronic counting can be done. In this way, even if everything is performed correctly, the difficulty of counting the paper electronically will make it impossible to compare electronic outputs with the paper outputs in a way that can determine whether an accurate count has been achieved. The Voter-Verified Paper Trail discussion has diverted attention from the main sources of lost votes in past elections. The majority of votes are lost because of problems of registration databases, ballot design, and polling place operations. The force of this discussion is even diverting voting technology development away from improving voting computer architecture. The Voter-Verified Paper Trail has blocked us from establishing standards for improving voting equipment. Furthermore, VVPT complicates two of the top three problems that have compromised more than one percent of American votes in 2000: equipment problems and polling place operations. It complicates the setup, teardown, and operations of the ballot place. It complicates polling place procedures during the vote. It gives extra and difficult tasks for a person to do and increases the problems with the user experience and the user interface. It also increases the length of time of voting, which makes it, with more steps, easier to make mistakes. The goal of Voter-Verified Paper Trail—that of establishing a second set of eyes to look at the intentions of a voter—is a worthy one. In fact, ballot design and voting have always been improved by more people looking at the process. In every case improvements in voting have occurred when one person cannot make a decision that changes the vote of another. The idea of establishing a way of doing that is valuable. We call for improved research in voting technology and for heightened concern over spending large amounts of money on a short-term solution to software hacking problems that have not yet surfaced in elections. Instead, let us focus on verifying the votes in many ways and improving the quality of the whole system. References; 1. Michael R. Alvarez, Steve Ansolebehere, Erik Antonsson, Jejoshua Bruck, Steve Graves, Thomas Palfrey, Ron Rivest, Ted Selker Alex Slocum Charles Stewart III, Voting - What is, what could be., Caltech/MIT voting project, July 2001 2. Eric Fischer, Election Reform and Electronic Voting Systems (DREs); Analysis of Security issues: CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL32139 Congressional Research Services Library of Congress, November 4, 2003. http://www.epic.org/privacy/voting/crsreport.pdf 3. http://fecweb1.fec.gov/hava/hava.htm 4. Roberta Klatsky, Human Memory Structures and processes, Second Edition, W. H. Freeman, San Francisco 1980, 5. Rebecca Mercuri, "A Better Ballot Box?" IEEE Spectrum, Volume 39, Number 10, October 2002. 6. Roy G. Saltman, Accuracy, Integrity and Security in Computerized Vote-Tallying, National Bureau of Standards Special Publications 500-158, August 1988. 7. Roger N. Shepard, Recognition memory for words, sentences and pictures. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1967, 6, 156-163. (a) 8. Michael Tomz , Robert VanHouweling,"How Does Voting Equipment Affect the Racial Gap in Voided Ballots? American Journal of Political Science 47, no. 1 (January 2003): 46-60.


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Grant unto thy Church, we beseech Thee, O merciful God, that She, being gathered together by the Holy Ghost, may be in no wise troubled by attack from her foes. O God, who by sin art offended and by penance pacified, mercifully regard the prayers of Thy people making supplication unto Thee,and turn away the scourges of Thine anger which we deserve for our sins. Almighty and Everlasting God, in whose Hand are the power and the government of every realm: look down upon and help the Christian people that the heathen nations who trust in the fierceness of their own might may be crushed by the power of thine Arm. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, Thy Son, who liveth and reigneth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, God, world without end. R. Amen.
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Food For Thought
"The legalization of the termination of pregnancy is none other than the authorization given to an adult, with the approval of an established law, to take the lives of children yet unborn and thus incapable of defending themselves. It is difficult to imagine a more unjust situation, and it is very difficult to speak of obsession in a matter such as this, where we are dealing with a fundamental imperative of every good conscience — the defense of the right to life of an innocent and defenseless human being."
- St. John Paul II
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A morsel for thought…
"If your work is strong enough for someone to hate you, it's strong enough for someone to love you. The middle is what you should fear."
- Sean McCabe @seanwes
Recent Posts
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- Father's job is to say "No."
- Rome – Day 6: Procession, Pontifical Mass at St Peter's #SumPont2014
- USArmy: Ebola virus can go airborne in low temperatures
- What Archbp. Chaput really said about the Synod
- Bishop calls England to conversion to Christ. Wherein Fr. Z rants.
- ASK FATHER: "God's Holy Church" not "His" – inclusive language
- Rome – Day 4: No Show Edition
- Large gesture of openness toward SSPX!
- WDTPRS 30th Sunday of Ordinary Time: "In His will is our peace."
- Benedict XVI sent text of talk to University: relativistic dialogue and "lethal ideas"
- Salt and Light attacks Card. Burke: sticking to the ideal instead of ministering to people
- ASK FATHER: The priest changes many things during Mass
- ASK FATHER: Placement of choir
- Michael Voris, Card. Burke… corrections
- ROME – Day 3: Vestments, cont. Other stuff.
- 22 October: Sts. Nunilo and Alodia! Virgins and Martyrs
- ROME – Day 2: Vestments edition
- Oh the humanity!
- D. Pittsburgh: Extraordinary Form Parish
- Pope Francis, Pope
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- Helen Hull Hitchcock – RIP
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- Extraordinary Synod on Family is, thanks be to God, over.
- VIDEO: Stop this and watch this
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- NYC Day 2: Benedict Edition
Because you don't know when you are going to need to move fast or get along without the supermarket…
Be a "Zed-Head"!
Identity theft is a serious problem that you do NOT want to have. I use Lifelock.
Wyoming Catholic College!
Franciscan Sisters of Christian Charity
New Christmas Music CD from the only Catholic Boys Choir School in these USA!
A great place in Rome…
See my post about the Domus Australia HERE
More food for thought:
"I expect to die in bed, my successor will die in prison and his successor will die a martyr in the public square. His successor will pick up the shards of a ruined society and slowly help rebuild civilization, as the church has done so often in human history."
Francis Card. George
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I have been giving out these tougher-than-nails, no-nonsense Rosaries:
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More food for thought…
"All laws which are repugnant to the Constitution are null and void."
- Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137, 176
Even More Food For Thought
"Men by their constitutions are naturally divided into two parties: 1. Those who fear and distrust the people, and wish to draw all powers from them into the hands of the higher classes. 2. Those who identify themselves with the people, have confidence in them, cherish and consider them as the most honest and safe, although not the most wise depositary of the public interests."
- Thomas Jefferson to Henry Lee, 1824. ME 16:73
Daily Archives: 19 March 2006
The Thrill Packed World of Latin Dictionaries
The WDTPRS series intends to help you enter more fully and love more deeply the prayers Holy Church has given us. As a result I must constantly attempt the tight-wire of writing too much and too little, of including huge … Continue reading
Posted in SESSIUNCULA, WDTPRS 5 Comments
3rd Sunday of Lent: COLLECT (2)
An examination of our conscience is a humbling experience. When we look to see who really are inside, we can have different reactions. Sometimes we find things which frighten and discourage us. If we are weak in our habits and our faith, that inveterate enemy of ours souls, the Devil who is "father of lies†will rub us raw with our ugliness tempting us to lose hope about the possibility of living a moral life or, in extreme cases, about our salvation. On a less dramatic plane, falling down in our Lenten resolve on one day can cause a collapse of our will so that we will "flag†and give up. This is why the Lenten discipline is so important. By it we learn to govern our appetites, examine our consciences, do penance, and learn the habits which are virtues. On the other hand, a recognition of sins and failures will "incline†us to call with humble confidence upon the mercy of God who paid the price for our salvation. Continue reading
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3rd Sunday of Lent: POST COMMUNIONEM
This prayer is an excellent example of the mysterious effects of the Eucharist for the properly disposed baptized man, woman and child, and the responsibilities that derive from our daring to approach so great a gift. First, please note that that word pignus, "pledge, token†indicates that what we have just "taken†is merely a foretaste of what is to be offered to us in heaven. Our prayer today says that we here on earth are "already†filled. At the same time it clearly points to the fact that we do "not yet†have the complete fulfillment of mystery, which will be found only in the celestial banquet of heaven in the sight of God. We have here, as it were, a kind of manna dropping to us from heaven, crumbs from the Father's feast, though the slightest and tiniest crumb might suffice as the ransom, token, pledge, down payment for every sin committed by every person who has ever lived or ever will live. If this is not enough to make you kneel and beseech God in thanksgiving, then I can't imagine what will. Continue reading
Posted in SESSIUNCULA, WDTPRS Comments Off
3rd Sunday of Lent: SUPER OBLATA (1)
Hearken, O Lord, and have mercy, for we have sinned against Thee.
Weeping, we lift our eyes to Thee, king most high, redeemer of all. Listen, O Christ, to the prayers of the supplicants.
Thou right Hand of the Father, the keystone, the way of salvation, gate of heaven, cleanse the stains of our sin. Continue reading
Posted in SESSIUNCULA, WDTPRS 3 Comments
3rd Sunday of Lent: COLLECT (1)
Here we have a prayer which might aptly describe many of us at this point in Lent: we started out with good resolutions and they are getting hard to keep. If it is not hard to keep to our plan, then perhaps we are not getting the point of Lent. We at times struggle not to fall down and flag in our resolve to gain mastery of sinful habits and tendencies. The powerful threefold Christ-recommended discipline is arduous indeed and our wounded nature rebels against the restraints, seeking the false freedom of license. Maybe we have already slipped and violated our private resolution for Lent. As a people united before Christ's altar of sacrifice, humble and cast down low, we raise our eyes upwards to the Father who tenderly sees our efforts. Since we are kneeling and cast down (inclimamur) we beg Him to pick us back up, dust us off, and help us stay upright for the rest of the journey (sublevemur). In pleading for help from Him in this way we are acknowledge our helplessness in a way that does not violate our own role and free will. We are also giving witness (confessio) to others of our faith in Him. Continue reading
Posted in SESSIUNCULA, WDTPRS 4 Comments
NEW INTERNET PRAYER VERSION: Romanaccio
The Internet Prayer now has a new language version. A long time Roman friend has provided us with a version in the Roman dialect, Romanaccio.
Orazzione prima da collegasse a la rete Oddio 'nnipotente 'n zempiterno, che c'hai fatto apparo … Continue reading
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subset: commoncrawl


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Houzz is the new way to design your home.
10,384 furniture designer Midcentury Home Design Photos
Scout Island
Photography by Whit Preston Photography and Paul Finkel of Piston Design
Definitions of "modern" vary widely, but when we think of modern kitchen designs, we often think of frameless cabinets, sleek and simple hardware, strong
which is often associated with more traditional kitchen, cabinet and furniture design.
The truth is, great kitchen design is less about looks and more about how it works. Great design translates to a house that functions better
your next kitchen design. Make sure it's a great one!More: Homeowner's Workbook: How to Remodel Your KitchenFind a local kitchen designerTell us: What would
The kitchen was designed with no upper cabinets to keep the space open and clean, but lower cabinets offer plenty of storage. The kitchen island is made
Kitchen — bengtakting
Alison Damonte Design
Palo Alto Eichler
Love the furniture and other pieces in this room.
If you're feeling confident in your design choices, you can always go for appropriated mid-century furniture design that models the period's shape and style
Gather gifts in one placeCreate a designated space, on a table or console, for gifts, and ask guests to put their offerings there, ready for the present
everything — saramaureen
Design Within Reach
Design Within Reach
Satellite Chandelier | Design Within Reach
New furniture designs also use the midcentury wooden tapered leg style. For example, check out the legs on Design Within Reach's Bantam
Bantam Sofa. This piece was designed in 2004 and influenced by the furnishings of leading American midcentury furniture designer Edward J. Wormley.
simple formsFurniture with clean lines set against an unfussy backdrop adds effortless midcentury style to any space. Sofas and chairs designed with slim
Baton Table Lamp | Design Within Reach
that light . . . hum just like back in the days of my youth ! love it — beachloverat100
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Pantries, closets, garage storage and flooring, wall units, mud rooms, laundry rooms, entertainment units, etc.
Rikki Snyder
DWR Living Room Remodel
Rikki Snyder © 2013 Houzz Designed by: Semerjian Interiors
Raleigh Two Seater - Wool - Design Within Reach
The kitchen is brown but living space furniture is grey and would like to keep the walls a light to medium grey. Would
$16,000 in furniture from Design Within Reach, a company known for its pitch-perfect reproductions of many famous midcentury modern designs.
Reproduction furniture by "Design Within Reach"
Gray white black timber, midcentury furniture
$16,000 in furniture from Design Within Reach, a company known for its pitch-perfect reproductions of many famous midcentury modern designs. See more:
furniture and wood color — prizzo475
Cure Design Group
Mid Century Modern Masterpiece
Saarinen Tulip Chair | Design Within Reach
often. if you are local, meaning St Louis Mo, I would be happy to have a designer come out and look at your space to help you further!
often. if you are local, meaning St Louis Mo, I would be happy to have a designer come out and look at your space to help you further!
CHAIRS AND COUCH — marissafinnerty
Gary Hutton Design
Gary Hutton Lagoon House
I like the furniture (sofa)... Where can i purchase it from?
While this looks like carpet tiles from Flor, it's actually an iconic carpet design used in the Kaufman House in Palm Springs called Picnic Basket. It's by
Although they are definitely on the pricy side, consider them worthwhile design investments. ...
inspiration house we would like to serve as the design and feel of the home. i specifically like the ceiling design, pop of colors. prefer recessed/spot lighting
food for thought in arrangement of furniture at fireplace. Close in one of the sliders on the right hand side of the
collection with 15 of the 20 pieces of furniture designed by Risom. He also hired American architect and designer Florence Schust who, having trained at
skylight — Ryan Boldt
Lucy Call
My Houzz: Ron
Eames's innovative ability to bend plywood proved to be a breakthrough in furniture design. They developed the Kazam! machine that could mould thin sheets of
These gently curved shapes established the foundation for the design of modern furniture. Pictured: Eames Molded Plywood Lounge Chair Wood – LCW (1946)
i like the chairs — iteka28
Kristen Rivoli Interior Design
A mix of old and new to create a comfortable living area
family members to enjoy, combining the iconic style of mid century modern designs and family heirlooms.
This sofa is from Keihlhauer and can be purchased through the design trade.
Kristen Rivoli Interior DesignSaveEmail Contrast. Combine straight and curved lines for contrast. If the furniture is modern and linear, throw in
Kristen Rivoli Interior Design Save to Ideabook Email Photo Contrast. Combine straight and curved lines for contrast. If the furniture is modern and linear
Kristen Rivoli Interior DesignSave to IdeabookEmail Photo Contrast. Combine straight and curved lines for contrast. If the furniture is modern and linear
straightened it out. It was designed by Matt Gagnon.
BL3 Floor Lamp - Danish Design Store
Sofa color — r1caldwell


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|Live Scores
|Video & Audio
Jenny Thompson
September 10, 2007
Jhulan Goswami has become the first player from India to take the ICC Women's Player of the Year award. She was presented with the trophy at the ICC Awards ceremony in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Goswami was also India's only representative in the individual player awards, with no representation from the men in the shortlist. She edged out Australia's Lisa Sthalekar and England's Claire Taylor.
"It's a dream come true for me," she said on accepting the award from Mahendra Singh Dhoni, fresh from the Lord's ODI on Saturday. "I am very excited to win this award. It is very unexpected because the other candidates are great players. It is very special for me".
The title was just reward for her bowling average of 12.40 in Tests and 21.80 in ODIs and, since Australia's Cathryn Fitzpatrick retired earlier this year, Goswami has also become the fastest female bowler in the world. She may have pace, but she has the accuracy to match, with an economy rate of 2.10 in Tests and 3.17 in ODIs.
England certainly know a thing or two about her pace, after they succumbed to her in the second Test last year; she took ten wickets to take India to their first Test series win on English soil. She also put on her highest score of 69 in the first Test.
It's been a good year for India women's cricket in terms of recognition. Last month Anjum Chopra won the coveted Arjuna award - a rare honour for a female player. Now Goswami joins her in being feted.
"This award does a lot for women's cricket," said Goswami. "I think women's cricket is growing, slowly. We are getting more and more coverage now in the media and that can only be a good thing for game as it encourages more girls to take up the game and improves the overall levels of performance."
Goswami is the second winner of the award after Karen Rolton won the prize last year.
How India weeds out its suspect actions
The BCCI set up a three-man committee to tackle the problem of chucking at age-group and domestic cricket, and it has produced significant results in five years
A rock, a hard place and the WICB
The board's latest standoff with its players has had embarrassing consequences internationally, so any resolution now needs to be approached thoughtfully
Twin Asian challenges await Australia
What Australia have not done since returning a fractured unit from India is head back to Asia to play an Asian team. Two of their major weaknesses - handling spin and reverse swing - will be tested in the UAE by Pakistan
WICB must tread on eggshells with care
The WICB statement should cool down emotions and allow all parties involved to take the next step forward
Stats highlights from the fourth ODI between India and West Indies in Dharamsala
A rock, a hard place and the WICB (43)
The board's latest standoff with its players has had embarrassing consequences internationally, so any resolution now needs to be approached thoughtfully
The pitch belongs to the curator (31)
Players demanding that home pitches should be prepared to favour them don't realise it's a retaliatory business
Has international cricket begun to break up? (31)
The gap between the haves and the have-nots is growing wider, and the disenchantment is forcing a devaluation of Test cricket among weaker teams
Australia's 16: who's ready for the Test (28)
ESPNcricinfo runs the rule over the preparation of all 16 Australia players ahead of the first Test, which starts in Dubai on Wednesday
How India weeds out its suspect actions (28)
The BCCI set up a three-man committee to tackle the problem of chucking at age-group and domestic cricket, and it has produced significant results in five years


text:
I stayed at Siggahsana for a week while attending a conference across the street in a much more expensive hotel I wasn't about to foot the bill for in such a cheap town. The value for money here is great. I stayed in an en suite room and it was very clean, the AC worked very well, and the bathroom... More
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Hotels.com, Expedia, HostelWorld, Venere, Odigeo and Tingo so you can book your Singgahsana Lodge reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Singgahsana Hotel Kuching
- Singgahsana Lodge Kuching, Sarawak


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We hope you enjoyed our Signs of Spring in Our Collection quiz. The answers to where the images come from are below.
Gauguin behind the scenes Video exhibitions Events film community art music david Cleveland Institute of Art international performing arts audio visitors Photography treasures of heaven Education university circle museum Exhibition community arts Cleveland Caravaggio wari Dean Yoder textiles curator Chef Doug Katz Parade the Circle China interview The Cleveland Museum of Art Collection Contemporary Art conservation guest artists #get2knowcaravaggio Art of the American Indians: The Thaw Collection Paul Gauguin: Paris


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Blog Archives
September 2nd, 2008 at 7:50 am
Early Gossip Girl: Solid Numbers, But...
Please see updated post with better Monday night data here. And see here for CW's Mindblowingly impressive press release. Two people writing[Read-More]
September 2nd, 2008 at 7:30 am
NBC to Debut Some Shows on Internet A Week Before TV Airings
NBC will debut the season/series premieres of some of its lineup on the online streaming service Hulu one week before they air[Read-More]
September 1st, 2008 at 8:34 pm
Cable Beats Broadcast = Man Bites Dog?
TV Newser's Steve Krakauer wrote an excellent post about CNN's head to head ratings win over the broadcast networks for the 10-11pm[Read-More]
September 1st, 2008 at 5:00 pm
Nielsen Ratings Sunday, August 31: The Calm Before the Storm
CBS took the viewership win on Sunday night averaging 6.32 million viewers [to NBC's 4.89 million]. Their summer formula of 60 Minutes,[Read-More]
August 31st, 2008 at 10:05 pm
Gossip Girl Premiere: Time To Put Up or Shut Up
OMFG! After a season when Gossip Girl's hype usually outshone its ratings Monday's 2008-9 premiere is finally a chance to put up[Read-More]
August 31st, 2008 at 9:45 pm
Don Draper is to Matt Weiner as "Duck" Phillips is to AMC?
I'm beginning to wonder if there is some perfect symmetry with the fictional Mad Men on AMC and the real-life trials and[Read-More]
August 31st, 2008 at 3:22 pm
NBC to Programming Execs: It's Not Us, It's You
Nikki Finke is reporting that there will be major shakeups ahead for the executives who program the NBC broadcast network. Writing: After[Read-More]
August 31st, 2008 at 1:08 pm
Nielsen Ratings Saturday, August 30: ABC College Football Kicks Rivals
The kickoff of the college football season saw ABC and Saturday Night Football on top with an average of 5.46 million viewers[Read-More]


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Beyonce Mrs. Carter World Tour, 'Bow Down' Performance First Time Ever [VIDEO]
Beyonce performed her song Bow Down for the first time ever during the Mrs. Carter Tour.
Beyonce performed her song Bow Down for the first time ever during the Mrs. Carter World Tour.
The singer made a stop in Houston, Texas on Monday night where she surprised fans with the feisty performance. Before Beyonce appeared on stage, a female voice is heard recounting rumors that have swirled in the past about Mrs. Carter.
"I mean seriously red toilet paper," the voice said. "And you know she's lying, she was never pregnant with that baby."
Eventually, Beyonce made her way on stage as fans screamed for the star. She wore sparkly black shorts and a hat of the same pattern. Beyonce also rocked two huge gold chains and wore a pair of stilettos. The 31-year-old broke into a spirited dance routine and eventually was joined by two backup dancers. The song then flowed into Diva, a 2008 jam from Beyonce's third studio album I Am... Sasha Fierce.
This U.S. leg of Beyonce's tour ends August 5 at the Barclays Center in Brooklyn. During the U.S. dates, Beyonce is accompanied by singer Luke James, whom she exclusively chose to open the tour for a second time. He first toured with Beyonce during the European portion.
"Her artistry, professionalism and work ethic are incomparable," James said about the superstar in a statement. "She and Jay-Z gave me great advice about perfecting my life show and connecting with the audience. I am really looking forward to bringing that same energy and performance that I delivered overseas to the U.S. audience."
In September, Beyonce will head out to Latin America and play five shows in Brazil, one in Venezuela, Mexico and Puerto Rico. Her tour will continue in New Zealand and Australia before Beyonce will come back to the U.S. for some more shows.
By the time the The Mrs. Carter Show ends, Beyonce will have been on the road for almost a year. The tour began in Belgrade, Serbia in mid-April. The Bow Down singer ended the European leg of her tour in London on June 1.
Photo Galleries
Jenny McCarthy, Donnie Wahlberg Married: Couple Channels 'Grease' For Halloween, See Their PDA As Sandy & Danny [PHOTO]- 1 Photos
'Amazing Race' Season 25 Spoilers: Teams Encounter Major Fear Of Heights & Deal With More Unruly Animals In Morocco? [VIDEO]- 1 Photos
Rihanna amfAR Gala PHOTOS & VIDEO: 'Diamonds' Singer Turns Heads With Risque Tom Ford Gown- 8 Photos
'Red Band Society' Spoilers: New Doctor Coming To The Hospital As A Possible Love Interest For Nurse Jackson? [VIDEO]- 1 Photos


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Created: 05/13/2014 8:03 AM
By: The Associated Press
SANTA FE, N.M. (AP) - The New Mexico Film Office is planning a conference aimed at helping businesses tap into the industry.
Film Office Director Nick Maniatis says the office will host its second annual New Mexico Film & Media Industry Conference in Albuquerque on May 30 and 31.
Maniatis says the conference is designed for both established businesses as well as those that haven't traditionally serviced the film, television and media industry.
He says the free two-day networking event at the Hotel Albuquerque will offer panels, presentations and interviews not readily available to film industry professionals in New Mexico. The audience will include established filmmakers, producers, crew, digital artists and post production professionals as well as vendors and government officials.
(Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
KOB welcomes a lively and courteous discussion as long as you follow the rules of conduct set forth in our Terms of Use. Comments are not pre-screened before they post. You agree that anything you post may be used, along with your name and profile picture, in accordance with our Privacy Policy and the license you have granted pursuant to our Terms of Use.
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Snoop - He's got a love of the greenery, which may be why he's having so much fun. But it also looks like a good bit of booze is in his system too.
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County Championship round-up: Onions just misses 10-wicket haul as Notts feel full force of his frustration
Friday 17 August 2012
Graham Onions unleashed his frustration at missing the cut from a third consecutive Test squad by taking nine Nottinghamshire wickets with an extraordinary exhibition of high quality seam and swing bowling at Trent Bridge yesterday.
The Durham bowler drove 125 miles from London after being released by England at Lord's and arrived in time to team up with his county – in the second day of their match – just as their own first innings was ending.
He took a wicket with his sixth ball as Nottinghamshire began their reply and, three hours later, he had figures of 9 for 67 from 16.3 overs as the home team were bowled out for 154.
Conditions did not usually favour the bowlers but Onions was a class apart from both opposition and team-mates and was denied all 10 wickets only because it was his own throw that ran out Luke Fletcher off Scott Borthwick's bowling.
Four of his victims were leg before wicket and two bowled. He benefited from a couple of generous lbw decisions and a couple of balls that went through at ankle height but, when Graeme White became his eighth victim, it looked a real possibility that he would become only the 81st bowler in history to take all 10 wickets in a first-class innings and the first in this country since Ottis Gibson, then also of Durham, took 10 for 47 against Hampshire in 2007.
But when Fletcher turned the leg-spinner, Borthwick, behind square and set off a little slowly for a single, Onions swooped to field and showed how well he was seeing the stumps at the pavilion end by connecting with a direct hit.
Only Paul Franks maintained any kind of resistance among the batsmen. But just after raising his bat rather pointedly towards the home dressing- rooms on completing only the second half-century of his season, off 66 balls, he too was sent on his way.
Although Onions was clearly the man of the moment, a first-innings lead of 40 for Durham also owed something to a last-wicket partnership of 50 between Mark Wood and Chris Rushworth that not only rescued Durham from 144 for 9 but gave Onions a little more time to prepare.
Tim Bresnan, also released by England, arrived at Headingley in time to bat for Yorkshire and, while he scored only one run, he ended the day with a Derbyshire wicket as they replied to a Yorkshire total of 420.
Elsewhere, left-arm spinner Murali Kartik took 5 for 69 in 28.4 overs but could not deny Middlesex a lead of 88 against Surrey at The Oval. At New Road, where the whole of the first day had been lost to rain, Neil Pinner's maiden half-century helped Worcestershire to 219 for 6 in their relegation battle against Lancashire.
Sport blogs
Cristiano Ronaldo applauded by Liverpool fans after master-class for Real Madrid, despite Manchester United ties
Angel Di Maria injury latest: Argentina international set to play in Manchester United vs Chelsea match
Real Madrid vs Barcelona: Cristiano Ronaldo says he is playing Barca - not just Lionel Messi - in El Clasico
Paul Scholes column: I'm not worried about Manchester United's defence - Chelsea test can be the making of Phil Jones and Marcos Rojo
Erik Lamela goal: Best tweets and reaction to Tottenham man's Rabona
- 1 This 'woman calls police to order pizza' story isn't going where you're expecting
- 2 Axe wielding man shot dead after attacking four New York policemen on busy street
- 3 Watch what happened when food critics were unknowingly served McDonald's
- 4 Jimmy Carr's Oscar Pistorius joke goes a bit too far at the Q Awards
- 5 Ottawa shootings: Bruce MacKinnon's cartoon is the perfect tribute to soldier Nathan Cirillo
Of course, teenage girls need role models – but not like beauty vlogger Zoella
Cameron is warned 'no possibility' of UK reducing immigration and that bid to bring in quota on migrant workers would be illegal
Support for EU membership 'at highest level since 1991' with most Brits wanting to stay 'in'
Thousands with degenerative conditions classified as 'fit to work in future' – despite no possibility of improvement
Attacks on 'Ukip Calypso' show how skewed people's priorities are
London bus driver 'kicks gay couple off for kissing'
Follow Simon Calder's journey in Cuba
As winter takes hold in Britain, sunny days and warm nights await in the Cuba.
Winter at its height
Seasons come and go, it's an annual cycle of varying temperatures, traditions and activities. When winter comes to Austria it is distinctly special and all embracing.
Playing a strong hand
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England's most-capped player tells 50 lucky Evening Standard readers at The Counting House that Stuart Lancaster can lead his team to World Cup glory next year.
Lines Ruled
Lines ruled at New York Fashion Week as highlighter stripes took centre stage. Emma McCarthy gets next season's look now.
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Win anything from gadgets to five-star holidays on our competitions and offers page.
Business videos from commercial thought leaders
Watch the best in the business world give their insights into the world of business.


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The Beast's Auto Toon Rotate attraction, May 29, 1982, 8:57 p.m.
The Beast's Auto Toon Rotate entrance is like a trip through Toontown. The attraction autos are built like Baldie the Cab, and while you drive you can rotate them by twisting the dashboard.
Please don't try Pirate Mode
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A Pants Aflame production


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May 18, 2011; Oakland, CA, USA; Minnesota Twins center fielder Denard Span (2) stands in the dugout before the game against the Oakland Athletics at Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum. Minnesota defeated Oakland 4-3 in 10 innings. Jason O. Watson-US PRESSWIRE
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What is the Book of 1 Kings All About?
What Does "Blessed are the meek" Mean? (Matthew 5:5)
How Does Philippians 2:3-4 Instruct Us to Have Harmonious Relationships?
Then Job answered and said.] Without taking notice of Bildad's harsh expressions and severe censures, or his unfriendliness to him; he enters directly into the argument, grants some things, confutes others, and defends himself and his conduct.


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mariIt may be a true if the man live in the stone age
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Lender cries fraud over Dunmore Homes sale
Creditor sues after builder sold for $500; bankruptcy followed
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- Michael Shaw
- Staff writer
The Sacramento mortgage loan officer who purchased Dunmore Homes -- which in 2004 posted a quarter-billion dollars in revenue -- paid $500 for the troubled builder, according to Dunmore's bankruptcy case.
That bargain-basement price has one of the company's major lenders crying fraud, and suing for payment of its outstanding loans and punitive damages.
That's just one of several challenges the once-mighty homebuilder faces as it attempts to stay afloat through reorganization under the bankruptcy court's protection.
After two years of declining sales, all of Dunmore Homes' assets were sold two months ago to Michael Kane, a senior loan officer with Comstock Mortgage who also has experience in land acquisition and development with Warren Moore Development.
In exchange for $500, Kane picked up a company with assets worth $280 million and liabilities of $250 million, Dunmore Homes said in court documents. Kane also received a $250,000 payment from former president Sidney B. Dunmore and the promise of a loan, according to court documents.
With assets that outweigh liabilities, the company appears solvent on paper. But it's extremely low on cash. The builder had just $119,000 on hand at the end of September.
After details of the sale became known to RBC Centura Bank, a major Dunmore Homes creditor, the bank sued on Nov. 7. The company alleged in a lawsuit filed in Fresno County that the sale of all the assets for a mere $500 wasn't adequate and was done to "hinder, delay and defraud the creditors," including RBC. The bank also alleges that Dunmore Homes and Kane "lack sufficient expertise and funds to carry on the business."
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Monday, October 21st 04:58 PM IST
# gold # precious metals # Shanghai # physical gold
Gold ETF holdings have continued to decline to May 2010 lows and physcial demand is weak in India.In China, volume traded on the Shanghai gold exchange fell for most of last week, until Friday when volume traded picked up after a deal was reached in the US over the debt ceiling and US government shutdown.
LONDON (Bullion Street): Gold remains caught in the middle of $1170-1440 range, a short term boost to prices due to short covering rally and expectations of delayed Fed tapering may not be sustained. Gold is running out of ammunition and could continue to struggle unless physical demand shows signs of considerable improvement and investor sentiment turns favourable, according to Barclays Research.
Price forecasts: Q4 2013:$1325/oz, 2013: $1425/oz
Macro environment including the US debt crisis, Italy's measures to improve economic competitiveness and Fed policy that will be influenced by the outlook on labour market and US employment report for September --all could prove to be bullish for gold.
Impact of forex market on gold would be neutral with -1 month targets: EUR/USD 1.35, USD/JPY 98, USD/CHF 0.92.
-An eventual resolution to the US fiscal deadlock prompted USD weakness across the board last week, with both higher and lower yielding currencies rallying. The former can partly be explained by the boost to risk appetite since a crisis situation was averted but the latter suggests investors are also beginning to shift expectations for Fed asset purchase tapering beyond this year, and ultimately a later tightening cycle.
Since the Fed remains in data-dependent mode, price action suggests investors are expecting the potential hit to growth from the government shutdown (which we view as relatively minor) plus the stalling of new data for the past 3 weeks as a sign that the Fed will need to keep policy loose until greater clarity is offered.
"We still think December remains the most likely timing for the Fed's taper decision, given our forecasts for stronger job creation in Q4, but expectations elsewhere have clearly shifted."
Gold ETF holdings have continued to decline to May 2010 lows and physcial demand is weak in India.In China, volume traded on the Shanghai gold exchange fell for most of last week, until Friday when volume traded picked up after a deal was reached in the US over the debt ceiling and US government shutdown.
It appears that Chinese buyers have not necessarily bought on lower prices, and the post debt-deal buying represents a shift in the price responsiveness we have seen since April's fall in gold prices. Watching these data is key to determining whether Chinese buyers have reverted to last year's trend of buying during rallies, versus this year's trend of buying on price dips. Bar premiums across Asia have remained the same according to the latest data, at $1.50/oz in Hong Kong and Singapore, and 75 cents/oz in Tokyo
-That said, the end of the US government shutdown means we will receive the September employment report on Tuesday and we expect a strong print. We forecast NFP to increase by 200k (consensus: 180k) and the unemployment rate to decline to 7.2% (last and consensus: 7.3%).
Results in line with our forecast would likely lead to a broad USD rally, as expectations for a delay in tapering are pared. Technical strategy: Neutral -Gold is caught in the middle of a 1170 to 1440 range. Within the range, given the broader signs of USD weakness emerging, price is likely to stay buoyant for a return to 1345/50. The bias marginal however as the medium-term view remains neutral. -Resistance: 1345, 1375, Support 1287, 1250.
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March 6, 2012
Taking advantage of vacationing in Poland during Thanksgiving week in 2011, I made it a point to visit a number of sites in the country that had been listed on the World Monuments Watch over time. Some, like Prozna Street, I had been to before and frequently. Others were totally new to me. My goal was to visit St. Paraskewa's Church in Radruż, which is on the 2012 World Monuments Watch.Read more
February 28, 2012
Walpi Looks to the FuturePosted by Wesley Bernardini, Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Redlands
By Wesley Bernardini, Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Redlands
It's both exciting and challenging to be part of the team working to restore and preserve Walpi Village. I've been working with members of the Hopi Cultural Preservation Office for more than 10 years to document and protect Hopi cultural resources, but Walpi Village represents by far the biggest project we've tackled.Read more
February 23, 2012
Mexico's Colonial Bridge of TequixtepecPosted by Nicholas Johnson, Fundación Alfredo Harp Helú Oaxaca
The following post is by Nicholas Johnson, Fundación Alfredo Harp Helú Oaxaca. The opinions expressed are his own.Read more
February 16, 2012
Reflecting on a Devastating New Zealand Earthquake and its ImpactPosted by Bruce Chapman, Chief Executive of the New Zealand Historic Places Trust
The following post is by Bruce Chapman, Chief Executive of the New Zealand Historic Places Trust (NZHPT). The opinions expressed are his own.
In the middle of next week, New Zealanders—wherever they are—will pause and mark the first anniversary of the devastating earthquake that took place on February 22, 2011.Read more
February 15, 2012
Best of Angkor Tour, January '12Posted by John H. Stubbs, Senior Advisor to WMF
Last month we kicked off 2012 with a tour of the spectacular architectural remains at Angkor Archaeological Park during WMF's classic "Best of Angkor" Tour. Nine enthusiastic travellers toured highlights of Angkor's magnificent temples over five days in a special order determined by my trip co-leader, the star Khmer guide Khin Po-Thai (a.k.a.Read more
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Monday, 25 Aug 2014 08:12 AM
Taxes? Who wants to think about taxes around Labor Day?
But if you count on your tax refund and you're one of the millions getting tax credits to help pay health insurance premiums under President Barack Obama's law, it's not too early.
Here's why: If your income for 2014 is going to be higher than you estimated when you applied for health insurance, then complex connections between the health law and taxes can reduce or even eliminate your tax refund next year.
Maybe you're collecting more commissions in an improving economy. Or your spouse got a better job. It could trigger an unwelcome surprise.
The danger is that as your income grows, you don't qualify for as much of a tax credit. Any difference will come out of your tax refund, unless you have promptly reported the changes.
Nearly 7 million households have gotten health insurance tax credits, and major tax preparation companies say most of those consumers appear to be unaware of the risk.
"More than a third of tax credit recipients will owe some money back, and (that) can lead to some pretty hefty repayment liabilities," said George Brandes, vice president for health care programs at Jackson Hewitt Tax Service.
Two basic statistics bracket the potential exposure:
The average tax credit for subsidized coverage on the new health insurance exchanges is $264 a month, or $3,168 for a full 12 months.
The average tax refund is about $2,690.
Having to pay back even as little as 10 percent of your tax credit can reduce your refund by several hundred dollars.
Tax giant H&R Block says consumers whose incomes grew as the year went on should act now and contact HealthCare.gov or their state insurance exchange to update their accounts.
They will pay higher health insurance premiums for the rest of this year, but they can avoid financial pain come spring.
"As time goes on, the ability to make adjustments diminishes," warned Mark Ciaramitaro, H&R Block's vice president of health care services. "Clients count on that refund as their biggest financial transaction of the year. When that refund goes down, it really has reverberations."
The Obama administration says it's constantly urging newly insured consumers to report changes that could affect their coverage.
But those messages don't drive home the point about tax refunds.
"What probably isn't clear is that there may be consequences at tax time," said Ciaramitaro.
Aaron Albright, a spokesman for the Health and Human Services department, said the administration plans to "ramp up" its efforts.
Concern about the complex connection between the health care law and taxes has increased recently, after the Internal Revenue Service released drafts of new forms to administer health insurance tax credits next filing season.
The forms set up a final accounting that ensures each household is getting the correct tax credit that the law provides. Various factors are involved, including income, family size, where you live and the premiums for a "benchmark" plan in your community.
Even experts find the forms highly complicated, requiring month-by-month computations for some taxpayers.
Taxpayers accustomed to filing a simplified 1040EZ will not be able to do so if they received health insurance tax credits this year.
Some highlights:
Funneling health insurance subsidies through the income-tax system was once seen as a political plus for Obama and congressional Democrats. It allowed the White House to claim that the Affordable Care Act is "the largest tax cut for health care in American history."
But it also made an already complicated tax system more difficult for many consumers.
© Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
Friday, 17 Oct 2014 12:08 PM
Mounting evidence shows the supposed housing market recovery is just an illusion, according to housing and mortgage indu . . .
Friday, 17 Oct 2014 10:54 AM
Major money managers, including fund giant Pimco, have built up massive positions of high-risk fixed-income securities, . . .
Monday, 20 Oct 2014 06:55 AM
Federal Reserve Bank of Boston President Eric Rosengren said the Fed shouldn't overreact to turmoil in financial markets . . .
This must be a horror flick! Please let me out of the theater!...
If he is so angry, then why did he appoint the exact opposite of what we need...
That's right Rev Graham...They are activist judges that actually go around the...
We have the worst leadership.....This administration just shoves women and black...
If he did, we can only hope. This narcissistic, pathological liar couldn't tell...
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Originally published Wednesday, October 17, 2012 at 7:02 PM
Rhody garden and bonsai collection host free Fall Foliage Festival
A free Fall Foliage Festival and plant sale opens Saturday and runs all week at the Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden and adjacent Pacific Rim Bonsai Collection in Federal Way.
Where would you find a 1,000-year-old bonsai next door to a veritable ark of rhododendrons, all on land owned by a company focused on wood products?
In Federal Way, of course, adjacent to Weyerhaeuser's ivy-terraced corporate headquarters, at its breathtaking Pacific Rim Bonsai Collection (free year round) and the independently run Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden (free this week). Their combined, third-annual Fall Foliage Festival begins Saturday and runs through Oct. 27.
Saturday is the rhody, fern and companion plants sale. The rhody garden, recognized as one of the top species collections in the country, has saved many plants that are no longer found in the wild.
Sunday features the bonsai, with a 1 p.m. daily tour of some 60 examples of the miniature trees, curated by Dave De Groot since the collection's inception in 1989. .
The fun wraps up Oct. 27 with the first Wag Fest. This is the only day dogs are allowed in the garden (on leash).
Don't let gray skies discourage you, especially now that the Rutherford Conservatory has indoor blooms year-round.
This is a beautiful escape into a colorful display of nature, whose most comforting shade is always green. Open 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. daily this week (normally closed Mondays). For details and directions, see www.RhodyGarden.org.
Cathy Henkel, Seattle Times staff
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|IEC/TR 62730:2012(E) is applicable to polymeric insulators whose insulating body consists of one or various organic materials. Polymeric insulators covered by this technical report include both solid core and hollow insulators. They are intended for use on overhead lines and in indoor and outdoor equipment with a rated voltage greater than 1 000 V. The object of this technical report is:
- to define the common terms used;
- to give the background behind the development and use of the 5 000 h multiple stress test and the tracking wheel test;
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Lose a lot of cash? West Manheim Township Police are seeking the owner of "a substantial amount of money" that was found Oct. 31 at Walmart, 1881 Baltimore Pike.
To claim the money, call Officer David Morris at 717-632-7059 ext. 106.
(Tina Fineberg/AP)
Superheroes, hazmat suits in NY Halloween parade
NEW YORK (AP) — Bloody zombies lumbered alongside superheroes, cowboys shared the road with villains and marchers in hazardous-materials garb evoked the Ebola crisis as the Greenwich Village Halloween Parade made its freewheeling way through downtown Manhattan on Friday. Full Story
(Carrie Antlfinger/AP)
Creator of Operation couldn't afford own operation
BLOOMINGDALE, Ill. (AP) — The creator of the board game Operation needed his own operation, and it turned out he couldn't afford to pay for it. Full Story
(Matt Sayles)
Amanda Bynes leaves psychiatric facility
Actress seen on Sunset Strip, talking to herself in restaurants and trying to find a hotel room.


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Richardson Kontogouris Emerson LLP (RKE) is a full service public accounting firm advising and assisting our clients with their accounting, tax, financial and strategic planning needs. Founded in 2006, we created an environment of higher expectations - not only in terms of what our clients expect of us, but what we expect of ourselves. We have adopted a holistic business strategy in which our service areas work closely together to make sure we are taking into account our client's overall business strategy when making important financial decisions. This unique service model empowers us to offer unique solutions and is responsive to our client's needs. Our professionals and team of advisors specialize in servicing privately held middle-market businesses in a broad range of industries. At RKE LLP, our goal is to provide each client with personal service and quality work. We strive to exceed our clients' expectations, year after year.
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Before Shop-Eat-Surf, there were two sites I paid for premium content on. One is Surfline, the other is the Wall Street Journal. One is about all things surf, the other, the best business content site in the world. Shop-eat-surf is the intersection of those two worlds. Shop-Eat-Surf provides everything from coverage of events, people, brands and trends. However, beyond the Executive Edition "wall" is more meaty analysis and interpretation of financial statements, business models and brand philosophies; why certain brands and companies are succeeding, where others aren't. The Executive Edition is a must have read if the business of surf and action sports are on your radar screen.- By Jeff Berg, Co-owner, Surfline
Shop-Eat-Surf creates a good source of timely information about the industry. The site makes all types and size companies feel part of a community where everyone is stoked to hear about other companies successes and ideas. It is always a good daily read.- By Ted Li, VP of North America, Oakley
SIA: State of the snow industry videos. TAYLOR DIGITAL: Website tools to increase sales.
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I just got word that a Boston media company has acquired Foam Magazine from Airborne Media LLC.
Airborne Media Partner Ross Garrett answered some questions about the deal and what it means for Foam.
The company that acquired Foam is Madavor Media. It is an independent, niche publisher who is actively growing their portfolio of titles at present. Their independence was important to us. They don't have the trappings of a publicly traded company and the flexibility to make the right decisions.
Airborne made great strides in repositioning Foam and upgrading the product to better reflect the sophistication and flavor of the action sports landscape. At this point, what Foam needs to get to the next level are the fundamental publishing resources that a company like Madavor can provide which are not impossible but also not innate at Airborne - things like scale in manufacturing and distribution, subscription marketing resources and a national ad sales force. A sale to Madavor made a lot of sense as we contemplated what they brought to the table.
Absolutely. Madavor believes in print as a premium method to engage readers and match them with contextually appropriate advertisers. They have all intention of publishing the printed magazine.
The staff is a big part of the value of Foam. They stay.
Unable to disclose.


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pretty like that this is a dolly, if only trinidad had girls like that.
love to bring you home to mom