text:
4}"Rd ANNUAl . .
FlAGSTAFF -
July 2,}, 4
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4}Rd ANNUAl
All-INdiAN PowWow
Sponsored by Pow Wow, Inc., Flagstaff, Arizona
Pow Wow, Inc., Box 426, Flagstaff, Arizona 86001, is a non-profit organization the sole
function of which is the staging of the annual Southwest All-Indian Pow Wow in Flagstaff
over the Fourth of July. Members of the Board of Directors serve without pay. The president
is elected from the board, usually for two years. The Pow Wow Sourvenir Magazine
is an official publication of Pow Wow, Inc., and is published annually on or about May 15.
The Pow Wow Magazine is printed by the Northland Press, Flagstaff, Arizona. All material
herein was prepared by Pow Wow, Inc., unless otherwise indicated.
Sturgeon Cromer
Mike Flournoy
Howard Taft Sr.
E. Lee Hutchison
Leland McPherson
Iudson Tonamah
Roy Smith
Harry Biller T. M. Knoles Ir.
Earl Caniford Roger Wilson
Marshall Knoles Frank Bronski
Tickets for all afternoon rodeo and night ceremonial
performances at the Southwest All-Indian Pow Wow
are on sale at the Flagstaff Chamber of Commerce,
101 West Santa Fe Avenue, until the morning of
July 1, the opening day of the Pow Wow, when the
ticket office will open in front of the grandstand at
the Pow Wow grounds at City Park. All grandstand
and box seats are reserved. Bleacher seat tickets go
on sale two hours before each event.
Don C. Clark
Andy Wolf
Bill Hanson
H. B. Chick Warnock
••• T~E ENT~UsiASTic SUppORT of T~ESE SpONSORS ~AS
MAdE publiCATioN of T~E Pow Wow MAGAZiNE possiblE
Manufacturers of Conventional Homes
23 North Beaver
The Store with the Ranch Brands on the Front
Your Record Shop
Training Ground of U. S. Astronauts
The Way to Get Around
109 North Leroux
Builders of Homes for Successful People
On the Parade Route
In Friendly East Flagstaff
The Family Store
Niles Radio Corp.
Where Your Food Dollar Goes Farther
Fine Chinese and American Foods
Magnavox Home Entertainment Center
Downtown Offices, Cocktail Lounge, Restaurant
Navajo Rugs and Jewelry
Easiest Travel on Earth
Installation - Service - Maintenance
MUSEUM OF NORTHERN ARIZOIllA 3M I
< - t
I- J (fl BIRCH AVE .
Pow Wow
I a: in w
w ~ ([l SANTA FE AVE.
The Pow Wow Parade starts promptly at 11 a.m. each day of the Pow Wow at
Santa Fe Avenue and Sitgreaves Street, and proce'eds east on the route shown on
the map above. It is a brilliant spectacle with ceremonial dance teams performing
at many points along the two-mile line of march; rodeo contestants and brightlydressed
Indian beauties on horseback; the top all-Indian marching bands of the
region; and scores of Navajo families, displaying their finest jewelry, rugs and
blankets, riding in traditional, horse-drawn wagons. Only Indians participate in
the parades; non-Indians are spectators. Only Indians are allowed to perform in
any Pow Wow event.
The Pow Wow Rodeo beings at 1: 30 p.m. each day in the Pow Wow arena at City
Park (see map above). Indians, and only Indians, compete for thousands of dollars
in cash prizes, as well as coveted silver Pow Wow belt buckles and saddles,
in the full range of rodeo events and in wagon races, wild horse and colt scrambles
and many other Pow Wow specialities. The rodeo is an amateur affair, however,
giving working Indian cowboys a chance to perform, and thus providing
more fun and more unscheduled thrills for spectators. The annual Pow Wow
Beauty and Baby Contests are also held during the afternoon rodeo sessions.
Beginning at deep dusk each night of the Pow Wow, huge pine log bonfires flare
in the hushed Pow Wow arena and the colorful, spectacular ceremonial dances
get underway. Dancers from more than a dozen Indian tribes - from the Northwest,
the Plains, and the Southwest - perform authentic rituals, some of which
were old when Columbus set sail for the New World, in the flickering firelight.
For a breathless time, the night is filled with whirling, prancing color, pulsing
drums, hypnotic chanting and wild, savage shouts as dancers and singers once
again reaffirm age-old tribal traditions.
The vanguard of thousands of Indians begins to arrive in Flagstaff days before
the Pow Wow starts, and the Pow Wow Encampment, one of the most interesting
sights in the West, quickly grows around the Pow Wow grounds and up the pineforested
slopes of Mars Hill. The scene is one of bewildering variety as the old
and new ways of Indian life are blended around smoldering campfires. Nearer
the Pow Wow grounds proper, many of the Indians visitors set up booths to show
their unique arts and crafts work to potential buyers, Indian and non-Indian
alike. The Pow Wow Encampment is both a meeting place and a market place
for many Indian peoples.
Pow Wow is a rodeo
where the unexpected
is always expected
DEfiNE PowWow?
Writing a theme on Pow Wow
would send Charlie Brown's little
sister Sally into orbit.
Pow Wow is something like a
Cecil B. DeMille epic. Basically it
is people. But like a DeMille extravaganza,
it involves over 100,000
people, with all the color, action
and pageantry imaginable.
Pow Wow has a very serious purpose.
It serves to promote a better
understanding of the American Indian
peoples and their way of life.
Pow Wow is also a superb example
of that great American idea:
"the giant melting pot." All types
of people, Indian and non-Indian
alike, come together at Pow Wow.
A myriad of cultures, backgrounds,
customs, beliefs, attitudes and peo-
. pIe intermix, and, hopefully, learn
from each other.
Like Topsy, Pow Wow "just
growed." It's said that Indians were
on hand for a Fourth of July Celebration
in 1876. Whatever its origins,
Pow Wow, now officially 43
years old, is the nation's biggest
all-Indian show.
Some 10,000 Indians come to
Flagstaff each year for the various
Pow Wow events. More than 40
Indian tribes are represented, from
Montana to Mexico City.
Although Pow Wow is primarily
an Indian event, non-Indians make
up the majority of the crowds. In
recent years attendance has been
estimated at over 100,000 people.
Only Indians are allowed to participate
in the various POIW Wow
events, but then, not many visitors
really want to ride a wild, bucking
Arizona has the largest Indian
population in the nation. Most of
the Pow Wow Indians, therefore,
come from this state. The greater
part of these are Navajo, Hopi,
Apache and Havasupai, who come
from northern Arizona. Approximately
125,000 Indians live on the
various reservations in this area.
Arizona is a land of contrasts.
The geography runs the gamut
from dry, burning deserts to snowcovered,
pine-dotted mountains.
Like the land, Arizona's Indians are
also a study in contrasts.
Arizona has 14 resident Indian
tribes, and these O'ffer an interesting
range of sizes, cultures and histories'.
The smallest and most static of
northern Arizona's tribes are the
Havasupai. Their numbers have not
changed much since the 17th century.
The few hundred Havasupai
make their home in Supai Canyon,
a tributary of the Grand Canyon.
This remote land is accessible only
by foot, pack mule or helicopter.
America' s largest and fastest
growing tribe is the Navajo. Their
reservation is slightly larger than
the combined areas of Connecticut,
Massachusetts and New Hampshire.
It begins just a few miles north and
east O'f Flagstaff and works its way
eastward, taking up a vast part 0'£
northwestern New MexicO'. Some
100,000 NavajO' make their hom,es
in this area.
avajo were nomads.
They speak the Athabascan
language of western Canada. It's
believed they migrated from there
to our own Southwest along with
the Apache, their close relatives.
Supposedly they settled here sometime
between 1200 and 1500 A.D.
The N ava jo were once known as
fierce warriors, given to periodic
raids on their pueblo neighbors.
Today, the peaceful Navajo, like
most O'f America's Indians, are busy
trying to survive in the alien Anglo
world; a world which, by design
or otherwise, is slO'wly eating away
at centuries-old Indian ways and
traditions. The Indian way of life
is gradually coming closer to that
of the white man. This change is
done willingly by some, reluctantly
by others. Very seldom is it done
easily. Too often, Indians find that
they dO' not fit cO'mfortably in either
the Indian or Anglo world. Like all
change, this one is bound to create
a certain amount of cultural frictiO'n
and distress. Hopefully, the
PO'W Wow "melting pot" each year
helps to alleviate some of this alleged
The Navajo are famous for their
intricate weaving and outstanding
silversmithing. The usual Navajo
apparel is really more trader than
traditional. The women dress in
a rainbow of colorful velveteen
blouses and satin skirts; these were
popularized by white traders in the
19th century. The men are clothed
in store-bought boots, work or cowboy
shirts, tall-crowned, widebrimmed
cowboy hats and blue
N ow most all of the Indian youth
are seen in the same garb you find
of teenagers anywhere from Portland,
Oregon to Trenton, New J ersey.
This includes glued-to-the-ear
portable radios blaring rock-androll
On the reservation, many Navajo
still live in the traditional hogans,
and for many, the real measures
of wealth are still silver and turquoise
jewelry, sheep, cattle and
The Hopi are the second largest
group at Pow Wow. They speak a
Uto-Aztecan language and live in
eleven villages on and around the
three Hopi Mesas in the middle of
the N ava jo Reservation.
The Hopi are steeped in tradidition
and are almost certainly
descendants of the Anasazi - "The
Ancient Ones" in Navajo - who are
known to have lived in this area at
least 1,500 years ago.
Like other pueblo Indians to the
east and in the Rio Grande Valley,
the Hopi are deeply religious. Their
many traditions are reflecte-d in
their elaborate ceremonial calendar,
which begins in December with
Pow Wow is Indian-style "drag racing"
the Soyal Dance and runs through
late July with the Niman, or Home
Dance. Thousands of visitors are
drawn to -the Hopi villages each
summer to watch masked Hopi
dancers impersonate the Kachinas,
supernatural beings whO' are the
Hopi's messengers to the gods.
These danoes are both colorful and
strangely stirring rituals.
Hollywood movies generally portray
the Apaches as terrible and
fierce warriors; and at one time
they were. In fact, they were one
of the last tribes to be subdued by
the military power of the United
Today, however, they are a
happy-go-lucky people and are the
clowns of the Pow Wow. Their
ceremonial life is not as elaborate
as other tribes. However, their
dances are amang the mast popular
at Paw Wow.
Their principal ceremanial is the
Mauntain Spirits Danae, sometimes
called the Crawn Dance ar erraneously
the Devil Dance. It is given
during the four-day ritual at which
Apache maidens are initiated intO'
womanhaad. The haaded dancers,
in strange headdresses, represent
friendly Apache deities. Their
waaden swords symbolically fight
the farces of evil. One af the dancers
is a clawn who alternately tantalizes
and torments spectators at
the dance. This is typical af many
dance graups.
Taday the Apache are primarily
farmers and cattle ranchers. Of all
the Indian reservations, theirs is
probably best suited far such activities.
The Hualapai busy themselves
with sheep and cattle grazing and
lumbering. Their reservatian is 10'cated
to' the west of Flagstaff. They
and the Havasupai camplete the
list of northern Arizana Indians attending
the Pow Wow.
The Pima (river dwellers) and
Papago (bean people) are UtaAztecan
speaking Indians. They
come fram central and southern
Arizana, alang with the small Maricopa
tribe, which has largely been
assimila ted by the Pima. These are
all descendants of the ancient Hahakam,
the builders of extensive
irrigatian systems in the Phaenix
area 2,000 years ago. These Indians
live an the deserts in and south af
the Gila and Salt River valleys.
The list of Arizona Indians alsO'
includes the Mohave, the Chemehuevi,
the Yuma and the less than
100 Cacopah, all of wham live an
the Fart Mahave and Calarada
River reservatians alang the lower
Calarado River and the western
barder of Arizana.
Some af southern Utah's Paiutes
who spill over into the remat'~
"ArizDna Strip" cauntry narth of the
Grand Canyan, and the Yavapai,
living in the Verde Valley sauth af
Flagstaff, camplete Arizana's Indian
Pow Wow is everybody shopping at the encampment booths
If yau thaught high scha0'l English
was rough, consider the language
af the Indians from the
pueblO's of New Mexico. Three
tongues are spoken in the Rio
Grande area. They are Zuni, a
unique tongue, Keresan and Tanoan,
which has three variatianstiwa,
towa and tewa. These Indians
have cultures similar to the Hopi
and are especially represented at
the night ceremonials.
Pueblo graups joining Paw Waw
include the Zuni, Jemez, San Juan,
San nde£onso, Laguna, Cachiti,
Taos, Acama, Isleta, Santa Da~
mingo and Santa Clara Indians.
Many well known tribes represent
the Great Plains. They include
the Cheyenne, SiDUX, Craw, BlackfDot
and Pawnee, all fram the High
Plains. AIDng with the Kiowa,
Cherokee, Chickasaw, Chactaw,
Creek and others from the southern
Plains and the Indian country in
and around Oklahama.
Other Indians at Pow Wow include
the Nez Perce, Shoshone,
Arapaho, Flatheads and the colocful
Aztecs fram Mexico.
Were Sally to' write that theme
about Pow Waw and the Indians,
she wauld dO' well to take a tour of
the many reservatians in and
around Flagstaff. This wauld he an
easy, camfortable trip backwards
in time, spanning many centuries
Df traditiDn. Imormation on suoh
trips can be obtained from the
Flagstaff Chamber of Commeroe,
lacated downtown at the comer of
Santa Fe Avenue and Beaver Street.
Pow Wow PARAdE:
Two MilE PREViEW
Two miles of color and action, and a preview of things
to come - that's a Pow Wow parade.
More than 100,000 people have lined Flagstaff streets
during the recent three-day Pow Wows to watch this free
preview; all the elements of a Pow Wow can be seen at
once during the parade.
These daily parades begin sharply at 11 a.m. from the
corner of West Santa Fe Avenue and Sitgreaves Street
and wind their way through two miles of downtown
Flagstaff streets. (Actual parade route is shown on the
map on page 3 O'f this magazine.)
The most popular attraction in these parades are the
Indian ceremonial dance teams. Wearing colorful, traditional
costumes and paint, the teams dance here and
there along the parade route, giving spectators a brief
sample of the many ritual dances to be seen later at the
night ceremonials. As the parade takes place during the
The watched also watch the watchers
peak daylight hours, it is the photographer's best opportunity
fO'r good Pow Wow pictures.
Riding among other parade entrants are many Indian
rodeo contestants. These tough, but happy-go-lucky cowboys
ride along with their thoughts focused on the rodeo~ s
afternoon events. Will they bask in the limelight of the
admiration of their comrades? Will their wallets fatten
with rodeo prize money? Or will a bucking bronc do
them in; providing only wounded pride and perhaps a
bruised body? Within a few hours the Indian cowboy
will know the answer.
A parade is never complete without a band. Th~ Pow
Wow parade features many bands that would delight
McNamara himself. These all-Indian groups include the
Hopis, Zunis, Pimas, Papagos and Yumas.
Like all Fourth of July celebrations across America,
the Pow Wow parade begins with a color guard bearing
the American flag. This color guard is comprised of
Indian members and veterans of the American armed
Roster of Pow Wow Peoples
Navaio Kiowa San Juan
. Hopi Cherokee San Ildefonso
Apache Mohave Arapahoes
Havasupai Crow Zuni
Hualapai Choctaw Jemez
Pima--Papago Creek Taos
Paiutes Pawnee Shoshones
Cheyenne Chemehuevi Cochiti
Sioux Aztecs Lagunas
... and many others
Following the flag are beautiful Indian maidens including
the Pow Wow's own Princess and her attendants,
Miss Indian America and Miss Indian Arizana. Venerable
Indian sages, chiefs and headmen alsO' pass in review,
some an harseback and same in O'pen cars.
Pladding alang the parade raute are NavajO' wagons.
The wagons are a fast disappearing remnant af the past;
Pow Wow is a photographer's delight
Apache dancer alternately teases, torments and tantalizes the crowd
being replaced, for the most part, by modem pickup
trucks. There is a timeless quality abO'ut these wagans
with the Navajo warnen impassively reining the hairses
while tall-hatted men keep casual hands on the brake
handle. From within these watermelO'n and hay laden
wagons, little Navajo children peek out, watching the
parade watchers watch them.
Picture ointers
For daytime shots of parades, rodeos and the encampment,
remember that the N orthem Arizona sun is unusually bright. A
light meter, or advice from an experienced hand, will assure good
pictures. Close-ups often prove more interesting than general
scenes, and human interest shots abound at the Pow Wow. Often,
it is proper to ask permission before taking pictures of indiViduals,
and payment of a small tip is not in bad taste. For rodeo action,
faster shutter speeds -1/200th or better - are adVisable, and
a telephoto lens will bring truly memorable pictures. Flash shots
are not permitted at the Night Ceremonials, a rule deSigned to
preserve their unique setting and maximum enjoyment of the
dances. But good pictures are possible with high speed films,
at 1/50th and f:2 or lower, if you shoot when the dancers are
in the best light. Fire away!
•... .
. '
VAllEY NATIONAL BANK
Three offices serving Flagstaff
Pow WOW RodEO:
EXPECT T~E UNEXpECTEd!
Even with a carefully laid out
progam, the Pow Wow rodeo often
charts its own course.
While many of the rodeo contestants
are professionals, a good
many are also amateurs who try
their hand at bronc riding or calf
roping .only occasionally at reservation
rodeos and the Pow Wow.
Because of this, there has never
been a Pow Wow rodeo without at
least a dozen unscheduled events.
And in view of this, the Pow Wow
rodeo spectator is advised to watch
The Pow Wow rodeo, like all of
Pow Wow, continues to grow each
year. In the past few years, some
350 Indian cowboys have competed
for around $15,000 in total cash
It is not unusual for an Indian
cowboy to win $1,000 or more for
his rodeo achievements; however,
there's more than just money at
stake at a Pow Wow rodeo.
Perhaps even more important
than the cash is the prestige attached
to the custom-made silver
belt buckles and the handsome
handtooled saddles given to various
rodeo winners.
Even the so-called "losers" often
win, in the form of sheer enjoyment
of rodeo competition. The rivalry
between the cowboys is friendly,
The rodeo arena
is not the sole
domain of the men
lust ask the
cowboys, calves
are as elusive
as they are small
but nonetheless spirited. For some
the real prize is being able to point
out to a buddy, again and again,
that he stayed on the big, bucking
bronc longer than the buddy did.
The rodeo begins each afternoon
at 1: 30 p.m. in the Pow Wow Arena
at City Park. In the past few years,
morning sessions have had to be
held due to the large number of
entrants. These are free to the public
and are held to complete the
preceding day's go-rounds and to
provide re-rides, thus insuring that
every contestant gets a fair chance
at the top prizes.
A Pow Wow rodeo includes all
those events normally seen at any
rodeo - bareback and saddle bronc
riding, bull dogging, steer riding,
calf roping and team tying; these
are the events on which the points,
and ultimately the money ride.
Because the Pow Wow is unique,
it could not let its rodeo go without
a few special events not seen
elsewhere. These include hilarious
wild cow milking contests for Indian
squaws, colt scrambles for
Indian youngsters and breathtaking
wagon races.
Another event which has grown
in popularity in recent years are the
fiercely competitive barrel races foc
young Indian horsewomen.
The largest group of Indian cowboys
participating in the rodeo
come from the nearby Navajo and
Apache Reservations, but more than
30 tribes, from as far away as Washington,
Oregon, Montana, the Dakotas
and Oklahoma are represented.
The rodeo is run and officiated
by experienced Pow Wow
personnel and professional arena
Included among the noise, thrills
and spills of the rodeo events are
two other annual contests. These
contests are held to select the most
beautiful Indian maiden and the
most beautiful Indian baby at the
Pow Wow. Applause from the
- ,.
This is not the easiest way to get off a horse
«y ou have to ride that big mean one? Lots of luck!"
crowd for their favorite entries determines
the winners of these two
All things considered, a Pow
Wow rodeo is like a cross between
"High Chapparal" and "F -Troop";
offering the color and adventure of
the former along with the laughs of
the latter ... though probably more
entertaining than either.
11 .... _ ...
A TRAdiTioNAl SPECTACulAR
It is cool and dark, and an anticipation which can only
be described as electric fills the crowd assembled in the
arena seats.
A small burning light moves about the arena floor. It
stops briefly here and then thexe. Then, with a crackling
roar, huge pine log fires erupt. They rip through the
darkness to provide a flickering, eerie background against
which dancers from more than a dozen Indian tribes
will once again perfOlID the authentic rituals of their
These are the night ceremonials, hands-down, the most
dramatic, impressive and famous of all the Pow Wow
Some twenty different dances are performed each night
of the Pow vVow. But the show is never the same, be-cause
each dance is seldom repeated; more than :6.fty
different rituals are performed during the course of the
three nightly ceremonials.
Traditionally, the evening will open with a blessing
given by a prominent medicine man from one of the participating
tribes. This is not unlike the Anglo practice
of opening a meeting or other gathering with a prayer
of invocation.
"The Gathering of the Tribes" follows the blessing.
One by one the various dance groups will move out onto
the field, providing a colorful preview of things to. come
- and for all to enjoy.
The variety of dances performed will have a wide
range o.f importance and significance to the Indians presenting
them. An experienced Pow Wow commentator
will provide the audience with the meanings and particulars
of each of the dances.
Some have a deeply religious significance to the Indians.
Spectators should remember this and oonduct
themselves accordingly during the performance. This is
the major reason flashbulbs are not to be used during the
ceremonials. Such use wo.uld also disturb others in the
audience who are viewing the show.
Some rituals have a social function and are danced
at celebrations or are used to promote courtships or
reaffirm tribal unity.
And, quite frankly, some of the dances are comic. The
Indian has a finely-developed sense of humor and thoroughly
enjoys exhibiting his talent for mimicry and
caricature. The Indian, through the dance, will spoof
himself, other Indians and particularly the white man.
Indian ritual dances are characterized by a straight
back and a bent knee, the dancer bending slightly at the
waist. Footwork is often complicated, head movements
are subtle and the arms are seldom used.
Along with the dances, the spectator will see performances
by well known Indian singers. Like other minstrels,
these singers carry the legends and traditions of their
peoples in their memories, and thus preserve them and
pass them along to succeeding generations. Indian songs
are full of subtle meanings, and though they may sound
strange to non-Indian ears, the careful listener will find
great beauty in them.
Pow Wow parades
are always
a living rainbow
of color lf!):r.iJ ' FIRST FEDERAL SAVINGS
Oldest in Arizona;
$325 million in assets; 19 offices
ORiGiNS ANd OPERATioNS
Ask the Flagstaff old-timers and
you're liable to get all sorts of stories
about how Pow Wow began.
The "gospel truth" is almost impossible
to obtain. The brief history
which follows contains the facts
most generally agreed upon.
The first Pow Wow of sorts appeal's
to have been in 1876. At that
time, as the story has it, a group of
California-bound emigrants camped
at a sprin~ not far from what is
now City Park and looation of the
Pow Wow arena. Being Independence
Day, they decided to celebrate
the event. They took a tall pine tree
and trimmed it down making a
flagstaff from which to fly the American
flag. They fired their guns and
generally whooped it up. Indians
from the area came to investigate
and watch. They were invited to
join in the festivities and fun. The
result was the first Pow Wow. One
thing is usually agreed on: the flagstaff
stood for many years and this
is how Flagstaff got its name.
During the 1920s the local Elks
Club put on a Fourth of July Celebration
called the "Days of '49."
Once again curious Indians came to
watch the white man's festivities. In
fact, so many came that local businessmen
suggested staging some
sort of event for the Indians. This
was tried late in the summer of
1928; Indians from the surrounding
areas were invited to come and join
in free barbeques, games, contests
and dances. It was a success for
Driving a car in the parade is one of a committee members easier tasks
all; the Indians had fun, they met
old friends, found new ones, traded
their goods and found it convenient
for shopping; the townspeople had
fun and also learned to know the
Indians in a much better way, and
local merchants enjoyed a brisk
business. The following year the
event was moved to the July 4th
weekend and the general format of
to day's Pow Wow was established.
During the following years the
event was truly a community one.
Everyone pitched in to bring the
Indians in from the reservation and
to cook big, delicious ports of food
for them. The Indians, in turn, pro'vided
the white man's entertainment
in the form of games and ritual
Like all good things, Pow Wow
grew and became more complex. It
had to become organized: in 1934
Flagstaff Celebrations, Inc., was
formed. In 1938 this was amended
to the present name of Pow Wow,
Today's Pow Wow Inc. Board of
Directors includes a diverse group
of local committeemen. The complexion
of the committee includes
a state senator, the county attorney,
a Bureau of Indian Affairs official,
the owner of a liquor store and
many others. Their backgrounds
and occupations are varied but they
all ha¥e one thing in commonthe
deep and abiding interest in the
Indian as a human being.
Board members of Pow Wow,
Inc. serve for free. Pow Wow, Inc.
does pick up the check for a few
breakfasts, the annual banquet,
three pieces of official Pow Wow
Indian jewelry and like incidentals.
However, for the most part, loss of
revenue from being away from
work and out-of-pocket expenses
more than offset the few "gifts" a
member may receive.
Pow Wow, Inc. is a non-profit organization.
Committeemen often
hear words to the effect, "you guys
really had a good turnout last year,
your bank acoount ought to be
pretty fat." However, whatever Pow
Wow makes it plows back into Pow
Wow. As Pow Wow grows it takes
more money; the money goes back
to make it better; as it gets better
it grows and takes in more money
. . . the cycle goes on.
The responsibilities and expenses
of Pow Wow, Inc. are as diverse as
the occupations of its committee
members. In a typical year, Pow
Wow, Inc. will pay bills for a wide
range of goods and services such as
plumbers, hay, watermelons, electricians,
calves, light bulbs, nails
and portable rest rooms.
Committeemen find themselves
involved in the usual small organization
game, "you'll head up one
committee and work on all others."
An incredible amount of small details
must be taken care of, and
coordinated to make the Pow Wow
the smooth-running and enjoyable
event it has always been for participants
and spectators alike.
Although the 17 Pow Wow board
members are responsible for the
event, Pow Wow could never operate
by their efforts alone. There are
many local clubs and organizations
who pitch in and help, such as
Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions, Optimists,
Jaycees, Sheriff's Posse, East Gate
Garden Club and many others.
There is also the Pow Wowettes, a
group of nearly 100 high schoDI
girls who also serve voluntarily as
guides and usherettes at both rodeo
and night ceremonials.
In all, more than 500 persons
from all segments of the city are
directly involved in the Pow Wow,
making the celebration a community
event. And there's always room
for more; the need for volunteers
to help is ever-present.
At the Pow Wow
kick-off breakfast
the chief of Arizona,
Gov. Williams, chats
with another chief
East Gate
Garden Club
each year
makes the
used in
Pow Wow
PowWow ...
WONdEROUS SiGl-ns FOR
YOUNG ANd Old
Generation gaps close
as all ages enjoy
the color and wonder
of Pow Wow events
A Rainbow of Color by Night
Perhaps some day
this little brave
will lead
the dance team
Indian jewelry and like incidentals.
However, for the most part, los,s of
revenue from being away from
work and out-of-pocket expenses
more than offset the few "gifts" a
member may receive.
Pow Wow, Inc. is a non-pro.fit organization.
Committeemen often
hear words to. the effect, "you guys
really had a good turnout last year,
your bank acoount ought to be
pretty fat." However, whatever Pow
Wow makes it plows back into Pow
Wow. As Pow Wow grows it takes
more money; the money goes back
to make it better; as it gets better
it grows and takes in more money
. . . the cycle goes on.
The responsibilities and expenses
of Pow Wow, Inc. are as diverse as
the occupations of its committee
members. In a typical year, Pow
Wow, Inc. will pay bills for a wide
range of goods and services such as
plumbers, hay, watennelons, electricians,
calves, light bulbs, nails
and portable rest rooms.
Committeemen find themselves
involved in the usual small organization
game, "you'll head up one
committee and work on all others."
An incredible amount of small details
must be taken care of, and
coordinated to make the Pow Wow
the smooth-running and enjoyable
event it has always been for participants
and spectators alike.
Although the 17 Pow Wow board
members are responsible for the
event, Pow Wow could never operate
by their efforts alone. There are
many local clubs and organizations
who pitch in and help, such as
Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions, Optimists,
Jaycees, SheriH's Posse, East Gate
Garden Club and many others.
There is also the Pow Wowettes, a
group of nearly 100 high school
girls who also. serve voluntarily as
guides and usherettes at both rodeo
and night ceremonials.
In all, more than 500 persons
from all segments of the city are
directly involved in the Pow Wow,
making the celebration a community
event. And there's always room
for more; the need for volunteers
to help is ever-present.
At the Pow Wow
kick-off breakfast
the chief of Arizona,
Gov. Williams, chats
with another chief
East Gate
Garden Club
each year
makes the
used in
Pow Wow
The old combines with the new
as two and three weeks before the Pow Wow. They arrive
this early because, for many, this is the yearly "trip
to the big city." While many Anglo visitors come to
Pow Wow to shop the Indian booths, many of the Indians
come to shop in the Anglo stores.
By wagon, by car and by truck, the Indians continue
arriving until this annual community is completed.
Although you may consider yourself an accomplished
shopper and even an experienced master of the fine art
of bartering, dealing at an Indian booth will often be a
new and sometime frustrating experience. By his very
nature, the Indian merchant has the edge on his Anglo
customer. While you have become conditioned to clockwatching,
the Indian attaches little importance to time
and has all day to deal with you. If he does not sell his
wares today, well, it's really not important, after all, he'll
be open again tomorrow.
The Pow Wow encampment with its people, sights
and action can be a real field day for the camera buff.
However, the photographer should not be surprised if
he finds himself also being the photographed. Instamatics
and Super 8's, once thought to be the exclusive domain
of the white man, have found their way into. Indian
hands and turn about has become fair play.
Pow Wow visitors are welcome to wander about the
encampment. However they should bear one thing in
mind; although temporary, these are the homes of the
Indians. Visitors should observe common courtesies and
should not intrude on the privacy of the Indian families
residing there .
There's something for everyone at the bazaar
This gathering of Indians is much like an Anglo family
reunion, company picnic or club convention. Like everyone
else, Indians like to have fun, and that's what they're
here fo.r. Old friendships are renewed and new ones are
begun. Old arguments are settled and some new ones are
started. Common problems are discussed, gossip exchanged
and a few tall stories are swapped. GrandmotheI1s
have another chance to spoil their grandohildren,
and, of course, boy meets girl.
All through the night, Indians gather around encampment
fires, talking, visiting and enjoying a meal; sometimes
they dance and chant. Age-old tribal songs fill the
air, and although the language is strange, its tone is universal
... "all is well with the world," on a Pow Wow
encampment night.
TIiE opi Sliow
T~E TRAdiTioNS LivE ON
One of the finest traditions at the Southwest All-Indian
Pow Wow is the Museum of N orthem Arizona's annual
Hopi Craftsman Show. This annual event provides visitors
with a unique opportunity to see the finest arts and
crafts of a vibrant people whose roots extend far back
intO' the dim mists Df prehistory.
As always, this year's show, the 38th annual, will be
open to everyone frDm 9 a.m. to' 6 p.m., Thursday through
Sunday, July 1-4, at the Museum which is located on the
west side of Flagstaff's Fort Valley Road (U.S. Highway
180 to the Grand Canyon), some two miles north
of the city.
Dr. Edward B. Danson, director of the Museum, explains
that the ShDW has a very specific purpose over
and above the expDsure of the exquisite work of the
HDpi artisans to' thDusands of Pow Wow visitors. Primarily,
it is designed to' encourage the Hopi to continue
to produce their classic arts and crafts, and thus to
preserve and perpetuate the distinctive styles and skillful
techniques that were already ancient when the first
white men entered the American SDuthwest.
As with all of America's Indian peoples, modern civilizatiO'n
has made tremendous inroads upon the three
remote Hopi mesas northeast of Flagstaff. Still, Mus'eum
curator Barton A. Wright points out, the Hopi, perhaps
more than any other Indian group, have held to their
traditional ways and thus have kept their centuries-old
cultural heritage intact.
At this year's Hopi Show more than 1,500 items will
be on display and for sale. Everyone is welcome to
the show and there is no admission charge, and no O'bligation
to buy any Df the items on exhibit. The Hopi
artisans determine the prices for the various items themselves.
The Museum simply provides the showcase and
the market place fDr the products of their skilled hands.
Experts knDwledgeable in Hopi styles and techniques
judge each entry in the show, thus providing additional
encouragement to the craftsmen to maintain the high
quality of their wOTk.
The visitor to the HDpi Show will find the Museum's
cloistered patio crowded with the finest basketry, pottery,
weaving and embroidery that the best O'f the
Hopi artisans have produced during the past year. In
the Museum itself and its special exhibit room, colorful,
hand-carved and hand-painted kaohina dolls, shaped
from cottonwood roots, cover the walls in brilliant profusiDn.
Display cases and tables are bright with delicate,
distinctive jewelry of the renowned Hopi silversmiths.
On the north side of the patio, with the S~n Francisco
Peaks as a backdrO'p, well-known Hopi craft~men demonstrate
the traditional skills of their people preserved
through the ages.
Just outside the patio is "Piki House" where rolled,
wafer-thin "piki" bread, made from Hopi cornmeal, is
prepared and grilled on a hot, flat rock to provide an
unusual "snack" for Museum visitors.
The arts and crafts in the Hopi Show are gathered
during late May and June by teams of Museum staff
A browser's or buyer's delight
members who visit artisans in each of the 11 Hopi
villages. The best of these Hopi artists and craftsmen
have been participating in the Museum's annual Hopi
Show for many years and have made it their practice
to save the very finest examples of their work for the
annual event.
Navajo Show Coming Up !
The artistic genius of the Navajo people, too, is celebrated
in a major Museum of Northern Arizona event
later in the summer. The unique Navajo Craftsman Show,
to be held this year from July 25 through August 1, brings
together the finest of Navajo arts and crafts from all corners
of the sprawling Navajo Reservation for all to admire
and, for those who so desire, to purchase. For eight days,
9 a.m. to 5 p.m., the Museum becomes a brilliant panoply
of bright Navajo rugs and blankets, providing a colorful
setting for hundreds of items of fine silver-and-turquoise
;ewelry and other Navajo arts and crafts. Renowned
Navajo artisans are also on hand to demonstrate weaving
and other traditional skills, as well as such distinctively
Navajo arts as sandpainting.
Always First Quality
INdiANS ARE PEoplE Too
The follOwing is an adaptation of
"They're People TDO," a bDoklet
written by Irvy W. Goossen, instructor
in Navajo at Northern Arizona
University. This booklet was
written for and is distributed by the
Indian Relations Committee of the
Flagstaff Chamber of Commerce.
Although it was written for local
retail sales people, the information
it contains can be of use to anyone
dealing with tile Indians for the
first time.
John has come to the Southwest
because he was interested in Indians.
However, he'd had no experience
with them and was looking
fO'rward to meeting them. He had
read some magazine articles and a
book Dr two in which the Indian
was portrayed in his primitive habitat.
Being young and idealistic, he
came West to see what he might
do to' help them.
In this story, after finding a job
in a local department store, John
has made the acquaintance O'f a
young Navajo, Kee Yazzie, who
works at a local service station.
Mo.nday morning, on his way to
work, Jo.hn stopped for gas. "Say,
Kee," he said, "I just got a job at
the department store, and I'd like
to know more about Indians, as I
understand many Indians trade
there. Can you help me?"
''I'd be glad to'. I find that new
sales peo.ple are o.ften baffled by
what Indians dO' and ·say. Come to.
The white man is sometimes unsure in dealing with the Indian
my home tonight and I'll give you
some pointers."
That evening when J O'hn walked
into Kee's house he saw that Kee
had several notes written on a sheet
of paper. He knew Kee was prepared.
«Good evening, Kee, I'm glad to.
have the o.pportunity for this talk,"
said John as he sat down. "I realize
that to ask for a sho.rt statement of
what Indians are like is quite a big
order. NO' society is that easy to
"You're right, John. I couldn't tell
YO'U about it in one evening. But I
did jot down a few things to tell
you about to get you started thinking
in the right direction."
"First of all, there is really no
such thing as an Indian society.
Each group or tribe is very distinct
from all others. There is some relationship
between the Navajo and
the Apache, as well as between the
Havasupai, Walapai and Yavapai.
But the languages and cultures of
these groups and the Hopis are all
different fro.m each other. So, to
say 'Indian ways' does not make a
whole lot of sense to us."
John was surprised. "I didn't
realize that."
Kee began with his list of helpful
points. "Let me say that Indians
don't particularly care to be thought
Df as Indian first. Why not think
of us as human beings, fellowmen
who have the same feelings and
aspiratiO'ns as your people do? All
the Indian asks for is oO'mmon
"Many of my people, the Navajo,
can't speak any English. They have
to speak thrDugh an interpreter,
who may not know English very
well himself. This takes time. When
you are waiting on them, if you get
in a hurry, they will notice your
impatience and may just pick up
and leave. They know of other
stores where the people will take
time with them."
"The other new clerk almost lost
a sale that way tDday," interjeoted
John. "She became impatient trying
to' talk to' an DId gentleman.
Just as the Indian was about to
leave one of the O'lder clerks came
to the rescue."
"M y first point was common
cOUltesy," said Kee. "The next is
related to this, it's good will. Indians
do not usually look peO'ple in
the eye. They've been taught that
this is polite. But, this causes sales
people to' think Indians are dishO'nest
and leads to fears of dealing
with Indians. I wO'uld say that even
when wDrds fail, a smile and genuine
friendliness are seldom misunderstood.
Indians are friendly,
but are O'ften very reserved until
they knDw you. This is a tradition.
But Dnce relaxed, they're as jolly
as any people."
"Another point not far removed
frDm the others is that of honesty
and sincerity. I think an Indian is
prDbably as sensitive as anyone to
detect insincerity on the part of
peDple dealing with them. An Indian
is also very much aware if he
is not being dealt with honestly.
Indians will trade with those who
treat them hDnestly, even if the
prices are higher at these places."
"I gather from what you say,"
JO'hn commented, "that you want
us to' trust the Indians whO' in turn
are ready to reciprocate. They dDn't
really want us to think Df them as
"Yes, up to a pDint. I think the
Indian wants YO'U to be aware of
his different background, however,
so YO'U can see some of his prDblems
"Which brings up my last point,
empathy. I knO'w that the town's
peDple can never really knDw what
it's like to' live as an Indian on a
reservation. But if they try to think
in terms of the Indian's background,
they might CDme to' sO'me new understandings."
Kee continued, "Many Df the
O'lder folks on the reservation have
Though different in
appearance, the Indjan
is much like his white
brother in hopes and
dO'ne most O'f their business at reservation
trading PDsts, a place of
leisurely business. Selections are
made slDwly; no one get::s impatient
with a custDmer taking his time.
Trading days are times in which
you meet your friends and exchange
stories, news and even bits
O'f gossip. The trader understands
the people and they know he respects
them .. They kid each other as
they barter abO'ut prices."
"You must remember, John, that
when the Indian people drive intO'
tO'wn from the reservation, they
come intO' anDther wO'rl9,. This
world speaks a foreign language.
This world acts differently from the
one they are used to. So the Indians
O'ften feel very much like fDreigners.
They feel unweloDme at times
and very cDnspicuO'US at other times.
And unfO'rtunately, they are often
treated badly by bigDted or unthinking
people. All white men
could help them in this prO'blem."
By evening's end, JDhn knew he
had the foundatiDns for beginning
to' know the Indians as peDple. Durthe
short drive back to his house,
John reviewed in his mind Kee's
list: "1. The Indian appreciates
CDmmon courtesy as does any person.
2. He hopes to' become friendly
with thDse with whom he deals. 3.
He expects people to' be hO'nest and
forthright, dealing with him on a
man-to-man basis. 4. He is trying
hard to ad just to the unfamiliar
ways of the white man and expects
the same from the white society.
He expects the white man to' treat
him as he himself wO'uld want to
be treated."
Pow Wow's SUMMER
The All-Indian Pow Wow is really
only the beginning of a crowded
summer calendar of activities and
entertainments in Flagstaff and Arizona's
cODI Northland. FrDm the
PDW WDW on, there are many things
to' do, to see and to' hear that will
interest the visitor or vacationer.
By far the most important single
event, perhaps, will be the sixth
annual Flagstaff Summer Festival,
the Southwest's Dnly majDr summer
cultural carnival and one that is
steadily gaining in prestige and
popularity across the nation.
The 1971 Festival will open on
July 14 and will continue through
August 8, invDlving some 40 perforn1ances
of 29 different events,
including symphony and chamber
orchestra concerts, art exhibits, recitals,
ballet, modern dance, film
classics, Broadway plays, and children's
A number of new faces and new
Karen Armstrong
features have been added to the
Festival's program this year.
Certainly the most attractive new
face will be that ·of YDung, talented
Karen Arms1trong, a lyric-coloratura
sDprano with the Metropolitan and
New YDrk City Operas.
The dark-haired, dark-eyed, 26-
year-DId Miss Armstrong will join
twO' internatiDnally-renDwned musicians
- pianist Menahem Pressler
and violinist Sidney Harth - as soloists
with Maestro Izler Solomon
and the 88-member Festival Symphony.
Solomon, conductm of the highlyacclaimed
Indianapolis Symphony
for the past 15 years and one of
America's most respected musicians,
has been the Festival's music director
and conductor since its inceptiO'n
in 1966.
Pressler and Harth will also be
sO'ID artists with SolomO'n and the
40-member Festival Chamber Orchestra,
and in addition, will give
individual recitals for Festival audiences.
Both are Festival veterans,
Harth having performed in 1967
and 1969, and Pressler having appeared
last year both as a sO'loist
and with the famed Beaux Arts
Trio of New YDrk.
Among the new features at the
1971 Festival will be a drama production
by the Tucson-based Arizona
Civic Theatre on the evenings
of August 5-8, and an evening modem
dance presentation August 6 by
the fine Kadimah Dance Theatre
cDmpany, alsO' of TUCSDn. These
groups are participating for the first
time this year through the ooopera
tion of the Arizona Commission
fDr the Arts and Humanities, a major
supporter Df the Festival, and
will further broaden its scope as
an Arizona-wide cultur:al event.
Two other drama presentations
will be staged during the Festival,
one of which represents still another
innovation on this year's
This will be the Festival's first
children's theatre production, an
original play with music titled ''I'd
Rather Be a Horse," by the husband-
and-wife playwright team of
Hal and Gene Owen whO' are responsible
for mDre than half -adozen
highly successful children's
plays and scores of nationally-televised
The play, with both matinee and
evening performances July 15-18,
will be directed by Mary Jean
Weaver and will star actor Robert
Towers, most recently in the Los
Angeles musical hit, "VictDry Canteen"
but perhaps even better
known from his role of "Snoopy"
in the popular Broadway musical,
"You're a Good Man, Charlie
The Festival will also offer four
evening performances, July 22-25,
of Noel Coward's prize-winning
Broadway classic, "Private Lives,"
with a cast headed by top professional
actors and actresses. Bill
Foster will direct this production.
The visual arts portion of the
Festival wi1l be highlighted by a
retrospective exhibit of the works
of artist Richard Florsheim, a m.ember
of the well-known shoe manufacturing
family, tOI be exhibited
in the Northern Arizona University
Art Gallery.
Flagstaff's Art Barn will display
the works of twO' nationally-prominent
Arizona artists - Scottsdale's
William B. Schimmel and Sedona's
Stephen Juharos. Notable among
other Festival exhibits will be an
extensive collection of the wDrks of
the late Mac Schweitzer, especially
assembled for the Festival from
public and private sources, to be
shown at the University Branch of
The Arizona Bank.
Two unusual, and nDW traditional
Festival events will be the unique
Navajo Craftsman Show, July 25
throughDu August 1, at Flagstaff's
Museum of Northern ArizDna,
which features the best wDrk of
Navajo artisans 0'ver the past year;
and the annual chamber music program
and open house at wo.rldfamed
LDwell Observatory, set for
the evening of August 2.
Classical ballet made its debut on
the Festival program three years
ago, and again this year, the fine
Pacific Ballet company will return
to present performances Saturday
evening, July 17, and Sunday afternoon,
July 18.
Finally, the great classics of motion
picture art will be available to
Festival-goers, with two showings
0'f major feature films every Tuesday
and Thursday night of the
The majority of Festival events
will be held on the N0'rthern Arizona
University campus - its art
galleries, auditorium and new, modern
Creative Arts Theatre. The
university's annual Summer Music
Camps, involving more than 1,000
top high schools musicians, coincide
with the Festival and offer many
free concerts and recitals that are
open to everyone.
Many Festival events, such as
the art exhibits and the Navajo
Craftsman Show, are free and open
to all. And, in line with the F estival's
policy Df making its programs
available to as many pe0'ple
as possible, tickets for the performance
events are very moderately
Along with the Festival, major
events on the Flagstaff pDSt-PoW
Wow summer calendar include two
important regional horse shows, an
area-wide square dance festival,
horse-racing and, as a climax to the
summer season, the annual Coconino
CDunty Fair.
Horse races, with pari-mutuel
betting, will be sponsored at the
Coconino County Ft. Tuthill track
by the Coc0'nino C0'unty Racing Association
July 3-5 and 10-11.
The weekend Df July 23-25, with
both the American Appalo0'sa Asso��ciation's
annual Appaloosa H0'rse
Show and the annual Northern Arizona
Cinder Rally f0'r dune buggies
and automotive enthusiasts, will be
one of the summer's biggest. The
Appaloosa show is at Ft. Tuthill;
the rally is at the cinder hills north
and east 0'f Flagstaff.
On July 31 and August 1, the
Flagstaff Sheriff's P0'sse will again
sponsor the annual Arizona Quarter
Horse Sh0'w, an event which draws
the finest quarter h0'rses in the entire
west to the show arena at Ft.
On Friday and Sa:turday, August
6 and 7, hundreds Df square dancing
aficionados will oonverge on
Flagstaff for the annual M0'untaineers
Square Dance Festival, to
be held at the East Flagstaff J unioT
High School auditorium, and at
Flagstaff City Park.
The t0'p late summer offering on
the program will be the three-day
Coconino County Fair, August 20-
22, at the county's Ft. Tuthill fairgrounds.
This is a gala affair, with
exhibits, contests, shDws and a midway
carnival, that is always l0'ts 0'f
fun f0'r residents and visitors alike.
The county 4-H chicken barbecue
Dn the last day of the Fair is a
perennial highlight.
Of unusual scientific and historic
interest is famed Lowell Observatory,
ane Df several major researoh
installations in the Flagstaff area.
Founded by Percival Lowell in
1894 to' study the planets, and particularly
Mars, the observatory has
been in the forefront of astrDnomical
research fDr more than 75 years.
The observatory and its scientists
ha ve made many cDntributions to
, Izler Solomon
man's knowledge Df the universe,
but perhaps the best known was
the discovery of the planet Pluto in
1930, the result of a search initiated
by LDwell himself some 25 years
earlier. The 0'bservatory holds "open
house" each weekday from 1: 30 to
2:30 p.m. and, during the summer,
on alternate Friday evenings at 8
p.m. These evening sessions prO'vide
visitors with an unusual opportunity
to view the heavens
thr0'ugh the Lowell 24-inch refracting
telescDpe. Tickets fDr the Friday
night sessi0'ns must be Dbtained
in advance from the Flagstaff
Chamber O'f Commerce, although
they are made available there at
nO' charge.
There are many other interesting
things going on during a Flags.taff
summer. Visitors should check with
the Chamber Df Commerce, the
newspapers and local radio stati0'ns
to be sure they don't miss anything.
FOR JUST A SliORT DRivE
Arizona is the "Grand Canyon
State." This awesome, mile-deep
gash in the multi -colored rocks of
the broad Colorado Plateau is located
just 74 miles north of Flagstaff
on easy--to-travel Highway 180.
Plants and animals typical of the
searing Sonoran deserts of Mexico
thrive in the depths of the Canyon.
If you have never seen the Grand
Canyon, you are urged to do so.
However, the U. S. Park Service has
recently had to put a quota on
overnight campers in the Park. This
had to be done because of over-
From Flag ...
Grand Canyon is 74 miles
north; take U.S. 180, or U.S. 89
to Cameron and State Route 64.
Petrified Forest is 120 miles
east on Interstate 40.
Oak Creek Canyon begins 12
miles south on U.S. 89A
Sunset Crater National Monument
is 18 miles northeast on
Wupatki National Monument is
44 miles northeast on U.S. 89.
Montezuma Castle National
Monument is 65 miles south on
Interstate 17.
N ava;o National Monument is
115 miles north; take U.S. 89 to
State Route 64 (to Tuba City and
Tuzigoot National Monument is
60 miles southwest on U.S. 89A.
Walnut Canyon National Monument
is 11 miles east on Interstate
Glen Canyon Dam 'and Lake
Powell are 135 miles north on
Meteor Crater is 50 miles east
on Interstate 40.
The Lakes Mary begin 8 miles
southeast on the Long Valley
crowding and its resulting damage
to the environment. It would be
best to check with Park officials before
planning a camping trip to
the Canyon.
While it is the biggest, the
Grand Canyon is just one of numerous
attractions in this area. Few,
if any, places compare with northern
Arizona's beauty and incredible
contrasts of the land.
At Flagstaff, the ancient volcano
that is the San Francisco Peaks towers
12,600 feet, the highest point in
all Arizona. Its cindered slopes support
a wide array of Alpine flora
and fauna.
The Arizona Snow Bowl is located
in this area and is a popular
skiing and fun spot during the winter.
During the summer a ride on
the ski-lift provides a breathtaking
view of the countryside.
Monwnent Valley is located north
of Flagstaff along the Colorado
Plateau. Centuries of wild winds
have carved monoliths in this area
comprised of only sand and rock.
A vivid panorama of bright reds,
oranges, yellows and browns await
the visitor.
West and east along Arizona's
southern edge, everything is green
from a vast forest of Ponderosa
pine which stretches in a broad belt
along the 3,OOO-foot escarpment of
the Mogollon (pronounoed "Mugee-
own" ) Rim. Cool quiet canyons
- Oak Creek, Sycamore, Clear
Creek - cut the Mogollon Rim and
combine beauty with function.
Within their depths are streams that
carry procious water from the surrounding
high country to the arid
deserts to the south.
Kaibab, Coconino, Tonto, Sitgreaves
and Apache are the nve national
forests in northern Arizona.
Many forests surround Flagstaff
Each cantains many recreatian
areas, camping and picnic grounds
and facilities far baating, hiking
and ather autdaor activities. There
are two natianal parks in this area.
Alang with Grand Canyan National
Park, there is the Painted DesertPetrified
Forest area to. the east af
Flagstaff, near Halbraok. The latter
cantains just what the name implies
and rewards the visitar with sights
seen nawhere else in the warld.
There are 11 national manument's
within a few hours' drive af Flagstaff.
Same, such as Sunset Crater,
18 miles nartheast, display unusual
gealagic features caused by a now
quiescent valcana which erupted in
A.D. 1064-65. Pipe Springs Natianal
Monument, in the ccArizona Strip"
country narth af the Grand Canyan,
is cancerned with Arizona's
histary. A pianeer Marmon autpost
is preserved here.
The ruins of the narthland's prehistary
can be seen clasest to. Flagstaff
at Walnut Canyan Manument
just east af the city, ar at Wupatki,
40 miles to the narth. Traveling an
the Navajo Reservatian, visitors ean
see both ancient and living Indian
cultures at such manuments as
Navajo. in Tsegi Canyon to the
north, or Canyan de Chelly to. the
nartheast. These are also twa of the
mast brilliantly colarful parts of
narthern Arizona.
Natianal parks, farests and monuments
are just part af the lang list
af places to. visit and things to. see.
All of America's astranauts have
received part of their training at
Metear Crater, a scar an the earth
570 feet deep and 4150 feet fram
rim to. rim, which is lacated between
Flagstaff and WinslDw. This crater,
as well as the many smaller volcanic
canes scattered aver the 800-
square-mile San Francisco. Volcanic
Field, is similar to. the craters Dn
the maan, and offers a near-perfect
training area far the astranauts.
The Grand Falls af the Little
Colorado. River on the Navajo. Reservatian
30 miles northeast af Flagstaff
are a spectacular sight when
they are Howing. The silt-laden river
then is a dark reddish-brown; thase
Pack trip into the Grand Canyon provides beautiful sights
who. have seen it agree with the
nick-name af the "Chacolate Niagara."
The Grand Falls also. campare
with the Niagara in height and
water Haw.
Both nature and man cDmbined
to. create the Northland's newest attractians.
They're the mighty Glen
Canyon Dam Dn the Colarada
River at Page and the graceful,
steel arch bridge that spans the
sheer, 700-faot gorge just downstream;
this is the highest bridge of
its type in the warld. Behind the
Dam, dazzling Lake PDwell backs
up the ColaradD and San Juan Rivers
far into. the canyans of Utah,
praviding a paradise far baaters,
fishermen and sightseers.
The N arthland visitar shauld make
it a paint to. visit the Navajo. and
Hopi reservatiDns which sprawl
nDrth and east Df Flagstaff. Of particular
interest would be the HDpi
village af Old Oraibi, an easy threehour
drive fram the city. It's believed
to be the oldest, cantinuausly
oecupied community in America,
its arigins dating back to. the 12th
Visitors need nat go far fram
downtown to. see a variety af museums,
Dbservatories and Dther
points of general and scientific interest.
The Flagstaff Chamber of
CDmmerce, lacated downtawn at
the corner af Santa Fe Avenue and
Beaver Street, has a wide selectian
Df free taurist-ariented leaHets and
brachures cDvering narthern Arizana's
many attractions.
INdiANS ARRivEd
80 CENTURiES AGo
The Indians were here first, of course - at least 8,000
years ago for sure, but possibly well befO're that.
Crude, chipped-stone hand-axes, choppers and s~apers,
not unlike those made by ancient man everywhere
in the world, have been found along the Little Colorado
River nO'rth and east of Flagstaff. A certain type of primitive
projectile point, knO'wn to archaeologists as a "Pinto"
point and believed to date some thousands of years
before the birth of Christ, has also been found in the
Flagstaff area increasingly in recent years.
To the north, near Navajo MDuntain and just Dver
the Arizona-Utah border, fragments O'f crude sandals,
made Df twisted yuoca leaves, have been unearthed from
shallDw, dry, sandstone caves and have yielded Carbon-14
dates that show they were worn by the vanished peoples
of the so-called "Desha complex" between 5000 and
By using radiocarbon dating, archaeO'logists know that
between 4,000 and 3,100 years ago, northern Arizona
was visited by an unknown people. They left behind
them toylike figurines made by twisting a single, split
willDw wand into the stylized form of a deer. These
animal effigies are assumed to have had a magical significance
for the wandering hunters who made them.
These were, perhaps, the first condominiums
Incredibly preserved for over 40 centuries, these figurines
have been found in caves deep in the Grand
Canyon and at Walnut Canyon, just east of Flagstaff.
Then, the archaeO'lDgical record is blank, fO'r mDre than
a thousand years.
In the earliest centuries Df the Christian era, that
record picks up again. While barbaric hordes rO'amed
EurDpe and Rome decayed, a new people appeared fDr
the first time in northern Arizona prehistory. They were
called by the Navajo the "Anasazi," O'r "The Ancient
Ones." Where they came frDm is still an archaeolDgical
Their earliest dwelling sites, marked by straw-lined
pits and cysts and rock-edged hearths in dry caves 0'r
rock shelters, have been dated between A.D. 200 and 300.
They hunted small game, ate roO'ts, nuts, herbs and berries
and made baskets - hence their designatiDn as "Basketmakers"
in Dne of the arohaeological classificatiDns of
prehistoric Southwestern cultures.
The Basketmakers learned to' make pottery sometime
around A.D. 400. Their first PDts were O'ften molded in
baskets and were crude, unfired and undecorated: they
were simple utility ware. HO'wever, their techniques
continually improved and gradually developed intO' the
magnificent ceramic ware O'f the "Great PueblO''' period,
when Anasazi culture in the area reached its zenith,
rDughly from A.D. 1000 to 1200.
During this develO'pmental period, the Anasazi acquired
CDrn, prDbably by trading with peoples far to
the sO'uth. They established a corn-beans-squash subsistence
pattern still followed, even today, by traditiDnal
pueblo peoples, of which the Hopi are an example.
Surface structures began to' appear at this time. They
were probably built first fO'r storage, later as dwellings.
The first structures were of "wattle and daub" construction
- sticks and adDbe mortar. This gradually gave way
to solid coursed masonry as these pueblO' buildings became
more and more complicated. Pithouses were nort:
entirely abandoned, however their use became largely
for ceremonial purposes - the "kiva" of today's modem
pueblo peoples.
Agriculture flDurished, prehistoric pO'pulations grew
and the villages developed into "towns." The ancient
farmers and their families lived in huge, oDmmunal
t "apartment" dwellings and "cliff hDuses" of the Great
Pueblo period. These massive structures had as many
as five stories and hundreds of rODms.
At Navajo NatiDnal Monument north of Flagstaff can
be seen the largest such dwelling in Arizona; it is also
the best preserved. It is Kent Seel, a classic structure
of the Kayenta branch of the Anasazi, and cDntains some
200 rooms. Nearby Betatakin Ruin and Inscription House
are only slightly smaller. Late in the period, the Sinagua
branch, centered in the Flagstaff area, built the spectacular
red sandstDne pueblO' of more than 100 rooms
at what is now Wupatki National MO'nument, just north
of the city. Elden Pueblo is another massive, but unrestDred
Sinagua ruin just at the city limits at the base of
9250-foot Mt. Elden. Post-A.D. 1300 structures can also
b'e seen in the Verde Valley at MO'ntezuma Castle and
Tuzigoot National Monuments, south of Flagstaff.
The Great Pueblo period was the peak of cultural
achievement and prosperity for the various Anasazi
branches. By this time, the branches were spread across
northern ArizO'na into northewestern New Mexico, southern
Utah and southwestern Colorado.
The Anasazi were vigorous traders, trading among
themselves and with surrounding peoples - the MO'gollon
culture to the southeast, the HohDkam to' the south and
the Patayan peoples to the west. Their prehistoric imports
included turquoise from New Mexico, salt from the
Verde Valley, parrDts and copper bells from Mexico, and
shells from the California coasts; and of course, new
ideas and techniques from everywhere.
Toward the end of the Great Pueblo period, the Flagstaff
area became a major population and trade center,
largely as the result of one event - the eruption, circa
A.D. 1066-67, of Sunset Crater northeast O'f Flagstaff. The
black cinders and ash strewn over the area by the volcano
acted as a natural mulch for crops. This sparked
an agricultural bDom and drew Indian farmers here from
many areas of the Southwest.
The Flagstaff area was a prehistoric cosmopolis with
an estimated population of over 8,000, for a brief period
until the volcanic debris eroded away.
Between A.D. 1250 and 1300, almost overnight in terms
of history, something, or several somethings happened
and the entire population of northern Arizona virtually
disappeared. Exactly why is still a mystery. Part of the
reason may have been a drought which started at that
time. It has also been suggested that the sedentary,
farming peoples of the region came under attack from
hostile, but never identified, peoples from the east O'r
north. HDwever, neither explanation seems to fit all the
available evidence.
In 1539, more than two hundred years later, when the
Spanish arrived they found the small New Mexico pueblos
strung along the Rio Grande and west to Zuni, a few
thousand Hopi living on their high mesas northeast of
Flagstaff and the seasonally migrating ~avajo ten~ng
their livestock. They also found the qUIet, crumblIng
ruins: silent remnants of a gloriO'us past.
Centuries-old ruins dot the northern Arizona landscape
Our Cover:
Throughout these pages the Pow Wow program
has talked about the histories, cultures and backgrounds
of the various tribes who attend the
Pow Wow, as well as the problems faced by the
Indians as they move from their world into the
white man's world.
Part of this change is happening rapidly, part
of it slowly and reluctantly. Perhaps one of the
best examples of this evolution can be seen in
the Navajo wagons. The wagons were originally
introduced to the Indian by the white man and
at that time they had steel-rimmed, wooden
wheels. Some where along the line, the Indians
began putting modern, tube-type, rubber wheels
on their old wagons.
Today, very few of these wagons are left, their
number at Pow Wow diminishes each year; today,
for the most part, the rubber tires are tubeless
and they are mounted on brightly enameled,
chrome-laden V-8 pick-up trucks.
We'll wager that you'll see some of the vintage
wagons around Pow Wow this year, and we hope
that the tradition will be kept alive . . . if only
brought out of storage once a year . . . f01' the
benefit of Pow Wow.
Pow WOW, INC. T~ANks All T~E fiNE fiRMS ANd iNdividuAls
W~OSE NAMES AppEAR ON T~ESE PAGES ...
Flagstaff's Friendly Camera Shop Serving Northern Arizona Since 1947
American and Imported Wines, Beer, Ale, Tobacco Middle of Flagstaff on u. S. 66
CONSOLIDATED INVESTMENTS, INC. PROCHNOW-McCULLOUGH-BILLER INSURANCE
House of Photography and Sound
Office Aids for All Trades - 774-6607
Monte Vista Building
1051 Milton Road
McKAY'S BOOK AND GIFT SHOP
Downtown at 11 East Aspen
Your Best Grand Canyon Stopover
Authentic Indian Crafts - Navajo Rugs
Center of Town
414 North Humphreys
Downtown and Greenlaw Vii/age
Orpheum - Flag East - Mt. Elden Drive-In
A Little Down is Enough for Brown
Complete Western Wear - Tony Lama Boots
Your Neighborhood Pharmacy - Greenlaw Vii/age
Go Modern - Go Cable
'7 48
Cover photo Norman Borg; Page 4, Jean Burke; all other full-color by
Norman Borg; Pages 24-25, Flagstaff Summer Festival; all other black and
white photos by Pow Wow (Norman Borg, Jean Burke, Frank Bronski,
William Hoyt) and from the files of the Arizona Daily Sun.
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


text:
Wow, great pictures...and a great advertisement for volunteering!!!
Banjo Chris
Wow, great pictures...and a great advertisement for volunteering!!!
Banjo Chris
Nothing describes that Black Forest cake better than...OMG!
Can't wait to see the next dessert...
~ Pocket ~
~ Everything happens in it's own time ~
very nice looking food pictures and the others look good also
i am a Summit Club member
http://public.fotki.com/hvachawk/new pictures and videos
If your not a OBS member yet then what are you waiting for
Daytrippers Playing in the Wind
Ernie and I made lunch today for a group of folks who took a day-trip to the summit. They got to ride up in the Bombardier, much the same as edu-trippers, but without the overnight. Conditions allowed them to reach the summit, but visibility was poor as we spent the day in a cap cloud.
Touring the Summit
Interestingly, we can look at the web-cams placed around the mountain in such places as Wildcat Ski Area and see that a few hundred feet below us, the sun is shining. Here on the summit we remained in the clouds. Winds today stayed in the 70-80mph range and the visitors got a real taste of what the weather up here can be like.
They're About 20' Away, So You Can See Visibility Was Poor
Stage Office in the Fog
A trip to the top of the observatory tower provided each with a similar experience to what the observers endure each hour as they go up to chip ice and take readings. Afterwards they went out onto the deck to experience the full force of the wind. A short trip around the summit to visit the historic buildings wrapped up the trip.
Browning the Meat for Geschnezetles
Lunch consisted of a very thick minestrone, ramen noodles with vegetables and shrimp, and some more of Ernie's specialty: Chocolate Truffles! Dinner tonight consisted of some more of Ernie's exquisite offerings: The appetizer today was: Kaeseschnitten. This is a cheese, egg, milk mix with a peanut butter like consistency spread on toast and baked. Best when fresh out of the oven! Main course was: Geschnezeltes:Similar to beef stroganoff with mushrooms and cream. There was a homemade pasta known as spaetzle (German). For dessert: Another of Ernie's delicious apple pies!
Last edited by KD Talbot; 03-28-2011 at 09:53 PM.
Mount Washington:http://ghostflowers.com/nhscenics/mountwashington.html
Charlie (03-29-2011), CHRIS (03-29-2011), mtruman (03-29-2011), Snow Miser (03-29-2011)
Just keeps gettin' better and better!
Keep close to Nature's heart...
and break clear away, once in awhile,
and climb a mountain or spend a week in the woods.
Wash your spirit clean. - John Muir
Hiking photos: http://picasaweb.google.com/mtruman42
Hiking Blog: http://theramblingsblog.blogspot.com/
Seek the 2011 Peak page: Mark Truman's Pledge Page
Kevin all of your pictures are fantastic! I could never spend a week on the summit when you two guys were volunteering-I'd come home weighing 300lbs!!!
And Marty does know how to stare someone down doesn't he!!!
Thanks for all the wonderful photos.
Dessert: Mile High Apple Pie
WOW! That pie looks like the mountain, complete with Tuckerman and Huntington! I can even make out where the auto road could be! Anyone else see it?
i am a Summit Club member
http://public.fotki.com/hvachawk/new pictures and videos
If your not a OBS member yet then what are you waiting for
I want to thank you all for following along and especially for your kind comments! @Rich- I DO see it!
Scott Addresses the Daytrippers
We had guests again today. The day-trip today is known as a "VIP Trip". The folks who came up are major players who are considering giving corporate sponsorship to help support the non-profit Observatory. We needed to impress!
The Observatory Tower
Today's View of the Tip-Top House From the Tower
The Turret and the Instruments
Some Folks Check Out the Top of New England
The Sky Cleared Just Long Enough to Have This View From the Tower
In the Subject of Small Worlds: This Young Observer Grew Up on the Same Street in the Same Town That I Did!
Shrimp Stir-fry for Lunch= Shiny Happy People!
And Ernie's Signature Black Forest Cake for Dessert!
Mount Washington:http://ghostflowers.com/nhscenics/mountwashington.html
Ernie and Kev, thanks for taking care of the summit crew, Day trippers and VIP guests this week. And a special thanks from Marty, I heard he really enjoyed having you both around.
Thank you Kevin for taking us along with you this week..it's truly been amazing to read your stories, see your photos. I hope you know how much we all appreciate it.
See ya at STP.
~ Pocket ~
~ Everything happens in it's own time ~

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Wednesday, June 15, 2011
WIP Wednesday #31
New projects:
Farmer's Wife Quilt Along
Another week, another quilt-along. My Farmer's Wife Sampler Quilt book arrived from Amazon today, so you know what that means: Yes, I'm doing the Farmer's Wife QA too! I know, I can't stop joining quilt-alongs! It's a problem. I think I need an intervention. But while we're waiting for the van that will whisk me off to QA detox, you can check out the stack I pulled for this one. I tried with stick with vintage-y, summer-on-a-farm kind of fabrics—what the farmer's wife would use if she were fresh and funky. : ) I ended up with Heather Bailey (Fresh Cut and Bijoux), DS prints from Joann's, and some of the ginghams from Hideaway. Visit Angela or Mrs. Mcporkchop for more information on the Farmer's Wife quilt-along.
Ongoing projects:
Warm Cool Quilt Along
My squares are all cut and marked for Jeni's Warm Cool QA. I even made some good progress last night on sewing the HSTs.
Here are my warm squares:
And the cool ones:
Completed tops awaiting quilting:
Hope Valley (the original Supernova)
Completed quilts awaiting binding:
Modern Meadow
On hold:
Secret project (I may be rethinking this one entirely)
Figgy Pudding quilt
Wonky Log Cabin
This week's stats:
New projects - 1
Completed projects - 1 (3 x 6 blocks)
Currently in progress - 10
All right, link 'em if you've got 'em! Don't forget to link back to my blog in your post, and comment on some of the other links. Have a lovely Wednesday!
43 comments:
Oh, man!!! Those ARE yummy fabrics! I can't wait to see the quilts they become!! :) Happy WiP Wednesday!ReplyDelete
I have joined so many things in the last few weeks, I need an intervention, too! But, I love it.ReplyDelete
Your fabric pulls are always so pretty, I'd love to see your stash! Not in person though, I wouldn't want you to have to wash the drool out of it all :)ReplyDelete
your warm cool fabrics for Jeni's QAL are beautiful.ReplyDelete
Love your stacks of fabrics, they are all so very pretty.ReplyDelete
I have joined too many things lately so although i would love to join the Farmers Wife, I'm going to just keep on looking at all the gorgeous blocks appearing on flickr.
Looking forward to seeing the beautiful quilts that you'll make from these pretties!!!
Ha! Love it! Fresh and Funky Farmer's Wife. : )ReplyDelete
I'm loving that warm/cool QA. I might have to dive into my scrap bucket and see what I can come up with!ReplyDelete
Wow!What a beautiful choice of colors! Can't wait to see the quilt.ReplyDelete
Thanks for hosting this event, really great opportunity to meet other quilters
Your Warm/cool squares are fantastic!ReplyDelete
Love your farmers wife fabrics! And your warm cool fabrics too. All so gorgeous they make me want to go sew!ReplyDelete
A-ha, now Blogger is playing nice!!! I really like your Farmer's Wife stack, can you just picture Heather Bailey on a farm? Talk about fresh and funky! ;) I can't wait to see you get started on those, and hear all about them!ReplyDelete
beautiful fabric....you always have the nicest materials....ReplyDelete
Wow. Love your fabric choices. Just beautiful. Good luck on Farmer's Wife. I just couldn't add it to my list. I already have several going on and I have several ideas for my own. There's no way I could get my own done and keep up the pace on all these quilt alongs going on. Can't wait to see how yours turns out!ReplyDelete
holy projects, batman!!!ReplyDelete
Thanks for hosting these!!! :D I am so in love with your W/C fabrics.ReplyDelete
Beautiful fabric choices for the Warm Cool quilt along. I'm thinking of joining that one too. WIP Wednesday is such a great idea! Thanks for doing it!ReplyDelete
WOW!! That's a beautiful stack of fabric for the Warm Cool quilt along . So full of variety.ReplyDelete
Can't wait to see it come together. I am thinking of doing the Farmer's Wife Quilt Along... I wonder if there is a Farmer's Quilt Along? (Somehow I doubt it!)
Take Care,
I love the fabrics you chose for the FWQA! Are you using FQs or half yards? I really really want to join this one, but with everything else on my "to-do" list, it is going to have to wait. I'm looking forward to seeing your blocks though.ReplyDelete
I just adore your stacks for the values quilt. I also adore your fabrics for the FWQA. I'm so torn between Bliss and a more scappy stack. I haven't started any blocks because I just can't decide.ReplyDelete
Thanks for hosting Lee! You have the best fabrics, so bright and cheery! I haven't joined a QAL yet, but there are so many good ones! If only I didn't have a 100 projects of my own design floating around in my head :)ReplyDelete
wow. I understand about the qa's (& bees). It all sounds so fun! Love your fabrics for the Farmer's Wife AND the Warm/Cool qa - lovely!!ReplyDelete
ohhh pretty pretty! Your cool and warm squares are beauteous, and the stack for FWQA...I keep seeing this popping up, I may have to join inReplyDelete
Oh, beautiful stacks of fabrics!ReplyDelete
I have a serious Quilt-Along addiction too, but I hope there's no cure!
That is one gorgeous pile of fabric. I cannot wait to see what the final result is!ReplyDelete
I love fabric stack photos and yours are always fab. I don't blame you on the quilt alongs, they are fun!ReplyDelete
It's fabric porn! Beautiful choices :-)ReplyDelete
Love your farmer's wife fabrics! I am trying to resist the siren song of the QAL and so far have only signed up for Elizabeth's... we'll see if I can continue to resist all these other fun ones!ReplyDelete
And OMG your warm cool fabrics are amazing... drool!ReplyDelete
It's interesting to see how everyone's quilts are taking shape--esp. yours! I'm enjoying this WIP today!ReplyDelete
Elizabeth E.
Your fabric choices look wonderful! I too am interested in the farmer's wife quilt along but I have already over committed myself. I don't want to fall any further behind.ReplyDelete
The pressure, the pressure!!!ReplyDelete
I love your choices for the Farmer's Wife QAL! I'm also trying not to get sucked into the vortex of multi-QAL joining.....but it's so tempting!ReplyDelete
what lovely picks for the FW QAL! it will be beautiful!ReplyDelete
What lovely fabrics! I especially love your warm/cool squares. Go, you, with the progress!ReplyDelete
(I'm trying to be a bit...restrained with joining quilt-alongs, since I'm currently working on two that are 'catch-ups'! AND I'm taking an online class to learn best practices for teaching online, so I need to devote some time there, too.
It's not easy, though. The resisting, I mean...)
I'm so impressed with how many quilt alongs you have been keeping up with! I think that your fabric stacks are beautiful and I'm really looking forward to seeing your value quilt! Just wanted to tell you that I finally finished my Lizzy house quilt (and I've been working on potty training my Joshua too!) Hope you have a wonderful week! KimReplyDelete
Lovely fabrics Lee! I've noticed that when I choose my own fabrics for a quilt instead of using precuts like Moda's, I tend to separate them into warm/cools too. Maybe I should join that quilt along :D Have a great week!ReplyDelete
Ooh I have just posted my new fabrics for the Farmers Wife quilt-a-long and my first 2 blocksReplyDelete
Love your choice of fabrics
I had not participated in this before today - what a great idea and thank you for hosting. I have been busy looking at sites and hearing from people I had never heard from before.ReplyDelete
I would love to take part in a quilt a long and I hope to some day.ReplyDelete
One of my hang ups with it is just plain being able to afford the materials....my day will come.
Ahhh!! I am totally drooling over your stacks of fabric :) You have quite a talent for picking out great combinations!ReplyDelete
Oooo...lots of pretty fabrics! Can't wait to see how they all come together.ReplyDelete
I love all the fabric for the warm/cool quilt along, great choices!ReplyDelete
omg Lee I can't get over your giant assortment of fabrics!! lol woweee.ReplyDelete
My art is finishing up and I have 2 big quilt projects to do this summer, so I'll be around more for WIP wednesdays.


text:
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Stephen P. Halbrook Discusses Nazi Gun Control on The Steve Malzberg Show
Recorded: Thursday, October 16, 2014
Research Fellow Stephen P. Halbrook, author of Gun Control in the Third Reich: Disarming the Jews and Enemies of the State appeared on the Steve Malzberg Show on NewsMax TV. Halbrook spoke about his recent book outlining the gun control methods employed by the Weimar Republic and the Nazi regime.
Experts: Stephen P. HalbrookType: TelevisionIssues: Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Crime, Freedom, Government Power, Gun Control, History (International), Law Enforcement, Political Ideology and Philosophy, Race Issues
Stephen Halbrook on His New Book Gun Control in the Third Reich
Recorded: Friday, November 1, 2013
Stephen P. Halbrook, author of Gun Control in the Third Reich appeared on NRA News Television with host Cam Edwards. Halbrook talks about his new book and the years of research he conducted, showing how the Nazi party used gun registrations to disarm Jewish citizens and other Enemies of the State.
Experts: Stephen P. HalbrookType: TelevisionIssues: Constitutional Law, Crime, Gun Control, History (International)
Senior Fellow Charles Pena on the Manhunt for the Boston Bombing Suspects
Recorded: Friday, April 19, 2013
Senior Fellow Charles Pena on the manhunt for the Boston bombing suspects.
Experts: Charles V. PeñaType: TelevisionIssues: Crime, Gun Control, Law Enforcement, Terrorism and National Crises
Stephen P. Halbrook on FoxNews: Gun Owner Liability Insurance
Recorded: Tuesday, February 26, 2013
Research fellow Stephen Halbrook discusses the proposed selling of gun owner liability insurance on FoxNews with Judge Jeanine Pirro.
Experts: Stephen P. HalbrookType: TelevisionIssues: Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Constitutional Law, Crime, Culture/ Society, Gun Control, Law Enforcement, Public Health/ Consumer Protection
Alexander Tabarrok on Folly of Gun Buyback Programs
Recorded: Friday, February 8, 2013
Research Director Alex Tabarrok speaks about gun buyback programs on Seattles KIRO-TV.
Type: TelevisionIssues: Crime, Culture/ Society, Law Enforcement
Alexander Tabarrok on Bounty Hunting & Defending the Indefensible
Recorded: Thursday, August 18, 2011
Alexander Tabarrok, Research Director at the Independent Institute, speaks with John Stossel of Fox Business Networks Stossel on bounty hunting and defending the indefensible.
Experts: Alexander T. TabarrokType: TelevisionIssues: Crime, Criminal Justice/ Prisons, Law Enforcement, Privatization
Jeffrey A. Miron on Legalizing Drugs
Recorded: Friday, November 20, 2009
Originally aired on 11/20/09 on FoxBusiness.com Live. Jeffrey A. Miron, Research Fellow at the Independent Institute and author of Drug War Crimes, argues in favor of legalizing marijuana and other drugs in the U.S.
Experts: Jeffrey A. MironType: TelevisionIssues: Crime, Criminal Justice/ Prisons, Drugs (Illicit)
Ivan Eland on Fort Hood Shooting
Recorded: Thursday, November 5, 2009
Originally aired 11/5/09 on Russia Today. Ivan Eland, Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute, provides perspective on the shooting at Fort Hood in Texas.
Experts: Ivan ElandType: TelevisionIssues: Crime, Defense and Foreign Policy, Terrorism and National Crises


text:
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Affirmations Used In The IQ Increaser Custom
The specifically chosen Positive Affirmations above will repeat 8 times each during the length of the recording. There will be a total 56 Affirmation Phrases with proper spacing for ultimate mind absorption and retention. If you choose "Voices" you will hear the voices. If you choose "Subliminal" you will NOT hear the voices but they will be present.
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IQ Increaser
Voice-Free Sample
Length: 30 Minutes
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Slap some sense into your style with these ridiculously comfortable leather sandals by Reef!
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I earn 1700$ a month after taxes. Half my income is from working 15 hours a week as a student assistant in research. The other half is government support for my education. When my last bill is paid, I have a 1000$. I am studying a master's degree in social science at the university for free. I do pay 40-45% in taxes and groceries are 30-50% more expensive than in the US. I do have government subsidized student loans.
Monthly I donate money to charities, and I've recently starting paying back my loans, due to an increased income from work. My real wage was cut 1% this year, but I'll make it. I only pay for 50% of the cost for my medicine for a chronic illness, and I have free healthcare. A broken leg will only cost me the price of painkillers.
In my country's economic and social context I am far from rich. I can go to the cinema, maybe travel, buy healthy food, and I can go out. I am far but privileged. I am a regular student with a part time job. I am not lucky. This is the results of my parents and their parents' struggle for economic justice, and a welfare society with equal opportunities. My country is not going bankrupt. In spite of economic crises it has a strong economy, and we do quite well.
This is the result of a struggle for human dignity and social and economic justice – not good luck. I live in what American pundits call a socialist nightmare.
I feel for the people of the US, Greece and the 99%. I support your struggle, politically and economically. In Denmark I am the 99%. I hope you one day can be as privileged as me.
Documentary filmmaker Bobbi Jo Hart is looking to connect with people who have submitted their stories to We Are the 99 Percent. She would like to bring your stories to life in a new feature documentary film. You can contact her directly at email@example.com if you would like to know more and explore being interviewed on camera to share your story of how living in a society that so values the needs and wants of the 1 percent over the 99 has affected you. Have you (or are you about to) lose your home due to the unexpected high costs of caring for a sick loved one? Whatever your personal story may be, she would like to hear from you to learn more. She wants to bring your stories to a respectful light and share with a wider audience how the misplaced priorities of our society are causing suffering on a mass scale, and how this must change. If you would like to explore being part of this important film, please contact her, once again at email@example.com, at your earliest convenience.


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Lily Glen Equestrian Park closed to public
Jackson County Parks officials say Lily Glen Equestrian Park has been closed to the public, to allow firefighters working on the Little Butte fire to stay there. The fire has been burning in pine and oak in steep terrain on the Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest. The equestrian park at Howard Prairie Reservoir offers easy access for fire crews. All other Howard Prairie campgrounds and day-use areas remain open.


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I picked up an overstock '09 Firecat Pro X recently, with the Cat 2 cams - I'm impressed so far. The strings are stable and the bow is shooting very well. The thing that struck me, and the reason for the post, is that this bow really seems to have settled in after some shooting. I'm not sure if a break in period is proper to say, but it just feels better now than the early shots - not that they were bad. Maybe I'm getting used to it, but I've owned a lot of bows and this is the first that I remember that a noticeable change seems to have occurred, in a positive way.
Anyone else have this type of experience with their bows?


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Applications for currently enrolled UW Bothell Premajors are available in both the CSS Program office and the CUSP office. You can also download the application here (PDF).
Computing & Software Systems accepts applications for the BS in CSS and the BA in Applied Computing for Autumn and Spring Quarters. Only applications that are completed by the deadline, will be considered by the CSS Admissions Committee. Students who are completing final prerequisites in Spring, Winter, or Summer may still apply as follows:
May 1 (Priority)*
July 1 (Standard)**
*Prerequisite courses must be completed prior to application deadline
**Prerequisite courses may be in progress but must be completed by the end of summer quarter
Enrollment and admission into the CSSE program is highly competitive. The admissions committee uses a holistic approach when reviewing applications and takes into account, academic performance, activities outside the classroom, and the personal statement.
The admission committee pays close attention to grades in the prerequisite classes (especially programming and math). The committee will also look at other supporting documentation such as the student's personal statement. Suggested information to include in your personal statement: work experience, extracurricular activities, and unusual circumstances.
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In support of the mission of Azusa Pacific University (APU), University College (UC) was created in response to the growing demographic of diverse students who aspire to further their education but are unable to attend a traditional physical campus institution.
Statements of Purpose/Mission and Vision
Purpose Statement: We exist to deliver quality and accessible Christ-centered education to learners everywhere.
Vision: University College exists to serve people around the world who desire education delivered in the context of faith, excellence, and flexibility, removing the barriers of affordability and accessibility.
Core Values
- Exemplary—to honor God in our actions, attitudes, and aspirations.
- Caring—to serve with grace the needs of our colleagues and learners.
- Learning—to continually nurture new thinking that generates and contributes to ongoing learning opportunities for all.
- Christ Centered—We are believers who teach and serve from a Christian worldview.
- Academic Excellence—We are committed to educational excellence, manifested through regional accreditation for formal academic programs, and quality certificates for professional skills and continuing education.
- Affordability and Accessibility—We are committed to economic affordability, global delivery, and, wherever feasible, open admission.
- Market Relevance—We are responsive to market demand, employer needs, and professional occupations.
- Sustainable—We are economically viable and scalable, valuing the gifts, talents, and resources of the university.
Our Legacy
Read about APU's history.
Statement of Compliance
University College, in accordance with applicable federal and state laws and university policies, does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, age, disability, medical status, or status as a veteran. The university also prohibits sexual harassment. This nondiscrimination policy covers admission, access, and operation of university programs and activities. This policy is in accordance with Titles VI and VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended; Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972; the Americans with Disabilities Act; and Title III and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.