text:
Urbanization Element of the
Marion County
Comprehensive Land Use Plan
March 1999 – June 2002
the Department of Land Conservation and Development and
in part with Oregon State Lottery Funds administered by
the Oregon Economic and Public Works Department
Marion County Comprehensive Plan Language:
Urban Growth Management Framework
Future population and employment growth projected in Marion County creates both challenges and opportunities for maintaining the quality of life in Marion County. Resources such as water and farmland will be limited and congestion and travel times will probably increase in urban areas. Without coordination with and among the cities, development may occur in areas that result in even greater negative impacts on the transportation and infrastructure systems. For example, the ability to move freight and people throughout the County may be jeopardized if growth occurs in areas where the transportation system is not adequately developed to serve additional capacity. Uncoordinated development may also result in patterns of growth that are not desired by the citizens in Marion County and may ultimately reduce the quality of life in the County. However, if managed effectively, the impacts of the additional growth can be minimized. Through a collaborative and coordinated effort to manage growth, development can be planned in locations that best serve the County, and the accompanying transportation and infrastructure systems can be developed with the greatest efficiency. The quality of life can be preserved by maintaining the characteristics in each community that makes it unique, and by directing development in each community to be consistent with each community's values.
Understanding the importance and need to lessen the impacts of growth, the Marion County Board of Commissioners initiated the Marion County Urban Growth Management Project in 1998. The growth management project utilized a long-range 2050 planning horizon, and was undertaken to provide the data needed to address growth issues and to engage the cities and other interest groups and individuals in a cooperative effort to look at where growth is likely to occur under current development trends and where it should be encouraged or discouraged in the future. During the various phases of the project, coordinated population projections and land capacities for the cities for the year 2050 were analyzed and a countywide growth strategy known as the Growth Management Framework was created with input from the public and the 20 cities in the County.
The values driving the Growth Management Framework are a set of 24 guiding principles identified in the initial phase of the growth management project through collaboration and consensus, that provide a link between quality of life, economic development, and land use planning as a way to sustain the values deemed important by residents in their vision for the County. The guiding principles focus on regional elements of growth management that go beyond jurisdictional boundaries such as transportation, housing, environmental, and economic needs and are the basis for the goals set forth in the Growth Management Framework.
The purpose of the Growth Management Framework is to:
1. Identify common goals, principles, and tools that will lead to more coordinated planning and a collaborative approach to developing solutions to growth issues.
2. Be consistent with local plans for growth by modifying the growth projections in response to local government feedback.
3. Protect farm, forest, and resource lands throughout the County by considering the existing capacity of each community, fostering the efficient use of land, and evaluating urban growth boundary expansion needs.
4. Maintain physical separation of communities by ensuring that areas between cities are not urbanized.
5. Maintain community identity by allowing each community to decide how it should grow and by promoting local decision-making control.
6. Support a balance of jobs and housing opportunities for communities and areas throughout the county that contribute to the needs of regional and local economies.
7. Provide transportation corridors and options that connect and improve accessibility and mobility for residents along with the movement of goods and services throughout the county.
The Growth Management Framework is designed to accommodate approximately 500,400 residents and 212,500 jobs within the 20 cities and unincorporated portions of Marion County by the year 2050. The Growth Management Framework Preferred Alternative growth scenario focuses the majority of the growth in the County to the larger communities of Salem, Keizer, Woodburn, Stayton and Silverton, with growth occurring primarily inside the current UGBs of cities where there is available capacity, and through infill and redevelopment where appropriate. The long-range population and employment targets of the Framework were identified for the cities by elected officials, and business, environmental and neighborhood leaders representing the communities.
How the additional population and employment is accommodated will be at the discretion of individual communities in accordance with the goals, policies, and standards identified in this Growth Management Framework, local comprehensive plans, and the state land use laws dictating the priority of lands to be urbanized.
During selection of the Growth Management Framework preferred growth alternative, participants in the process chose a countywide land use pattern that best suited the many, sometimes conflicting goals of the County and its cities. Following this work, and using the County adopted 2020 forecasts for the cities, tentative agreement was arrived at on preliminary forecast numbers for the year 2050. Comparing the land use patterns of the preferred alternative, the calculated capacities of all the individual UGBs, and the preliminary 2050 forecast numbers, revealed the need for further refinement of the 2050 forecast. The 2050 forecast in turn reveals the need in terms of actual land consumption to accommodate growth for each of the cities. The 2050 forecast represents the combination of existing trends and city capabilities, and works in direct coordination with both the land efficiency standard and the existing capacities within Urban Growth Boundaries.
The 2050 forecast represents a long-range planning tool, one that provides cities with and the County with an image of what may be on the horizon. It adds an additional level of detail to crucial planning decisions, ranging from the amount and locations of different allowed uses, to critical sizing of infrastructure. The forecast informs all 20 cities, and the County as they plan for the future, and coordinates their comprehensive and other plans with a long range forecast.
One of the most important functions of local plans is the ability to plan for urban growth boundary expansions. As a tool for planning, the forecast will be revisited every five years, examining actual performance within jurisdictions and available updated forecasts. If at any time, actual performance or growth rates indicate a needed modification to the forecast, the City and County may revisit the forecast and make appropriate changes with their intergovernmental agreements, or to the County's official coordinated forecast.
The following chart contains the coordinated 2050 long range forecast, and the amount of additional land that could be needed to accommodate the 2050 forecast using the land efficiency standard. The forecast and the efficiency standard is the basis for many of the Growth Management Framework goals, policies, and standards.
2000 From Census
Coordinated Long Range 2050 Forecast
Urbanization Land Need
Mill City
Mt. Angel
Scotts Mills
St. Paul
Marion County Unincorporated
Total Marion County
(Note: In addition to the population forecasts, housing and employment forecasts will be included upon availability.)
* The Marion County Framework Need is the acreage required in addition to that within the current Urban Growth Boundary assuming that the land use efficiency standards of the Framework are met.
Marion County, like the rest of the State, is a place of changing demographics. While there are many trends that can be examined, the two with the most profound effect on growth management strategies are age of the population, and the mix of ethnicity. The following data and forecasts are from the national demographics firm of Woods and Poole.
Age of Population
Percent 0-19
Percentage 20-64
Percentage 65 and Over
The table above depicts a trend toward a growing number of older residents within the County. An older population will require changes in housing and transportation needs and preferences in the County. Additionally, alternative transportation choices become increasingly important. Usually this is associated with a decrease in the proportion of people under the age of 19, but a countervailing trend in increasing family size will stabilize the number of children as a proportion of the population. This is largely due to the increasing number of Hispanic households in the County.
Ethnic Background
Percentage White-Not Hispanic
Percentage Hispanic, Any Race
Percentage Black
Percentage Other
This table describes the ethnic makeup of the County in the past, today, and projected for the future. Both of these changes will likely lead to a shift in housing preferences, with fewer residents desiring or affording the traditional single family home, and a larger proportion desiring various forms of attached, small lot, or rental housing. In addition, the need for affordable housing choices will probably remain as acute as it is today for the foreseeable future.
An important part of the Framework is the ability of the County and city plans to function together to meet the housing, employment, and transportation needs of the residents. An integral and necessary component of the Framework will be to ensure that new growth is allowed to occur in a way that matches the demands of this new and changing population, and that communities ensure that their planning efforts allow all members of Marion County to feel welcome to settle in a place of their choosing.
The Growth Management Framework incorporates existing goals and policies found in County planning documents, the local comprehensive plans, and state land use planning law. New goals and policies have been added to implement the planning principles identified in the countywide urban growth framework. The goals and policies also make the logical connections between the common goals and values of our County's residents, and lays out solutions to the possible conflicts that may be encountered. It brings together a series of common objectives that will better coordinate the policies of the many jurisdictions within the county. The Growth Management Framework recognizes that every community is unique. The policies should be implemented to balance local priorities with the countywide goals. There are some issues however, that cannot be effectively addressed solely at the local level as they have impacts beyond jurisdictional boundaries and are regional issues. For these issues, a countywide approach of the county and cities working together to manage and develop solutions is more appropriate and effective. The goals best addressed through a coordinated and collaborative regional approach include the following four key issues:
1. Transportation
2. Environment
3. Economic Development
4. Housing
In addition to the Growth Management Framework, coordination and UGB agreements with local governments will be utilized to implement the Framework and will also reflect the general policies and specific standards, with variations incorporated to reflect the specific situations and growth concerns in each city and its environs.
Overriding all goals and policies related to the four key issues identified above are growth management goals that must be met to protect the integrity of the Framework at the local and countywide levels. These goals include:
1. Base decisions on a long-range vision for the area, incorporating both local community visions and long-range plans.
2. Foster the use of creativity and innovation in planned growth and development projects to maintain the unique character of all cities.
3. Provide for balanced and managed growth to ensure equity among the cities and allow for more efficient use of our natural resources.
4. Honor the unique identities of communities and preserve unique characteristics.
5. Embrace ethnic and cultural diversity and address the needs of different cultures in land use decisions and consider ethnic and cultural differences in the long-range vision and zoning designations.
6. Rely on the strengths of local decision-making coordinated with a countywide vision.
7. Encourage coordination among the County, cities, and special districts.
The transportation goals that are part of the Framework address the role of transportation in providing efficient movement of people and freight throughout the county. The goals include:
A. Encourage use of alternative modes of transportation including mass transit, bicycling, walking and carpooling.
B. Address transportation needs appropriate to both urban and rural areas throughout the county.
In creating a countywide framework to manage growth, it is necessary to provide implementation measures to effect their purpose. The transportation policies can provide the greatest guidance in making the land use decisions that will direct the future location of jobs and housing in the county through their integration with land use planning policies. The mutual agreement of the cities and the County to these policies is vital to the effective coordination and cooperation necessary to create a transportation system that can move people and goods efficiently throughout the county. The following policies and standards provide guidance as to how this transportation system can be developed.
1. Marion County shall jointly plan with communities to meet the transportation needs in the future.
· The Marion County Transportation System Plan (TSP) will be designed to accommodate the forecast population, housing, and employment identified in this Framework, as well as the areas that are planned for urban expansion, in coordination with the communities involved.
· The Marion County TSP will investigate countywide alternative transportation, such as inter-city transit, vanpooling, and passenger rail service serving the county and the Willamette Valley region.
2. Communities should implement street connectivity standards.
· For cities forecast to be greater than 5,000 people by 2050, new subdivisions will have internal connectivity of at least 8 through streets per mile for new development, and sufficient collector and arterial systems for local access. Further, this Framework recognizes the Local Street Connectivity Element of the Salem TSP as a quality example.
· Adopt a map depicting future street connections for areas to be urbanized.
· The County will coordinate and adopt similar standards for urban areas within its planning jurisdiction.
· When feasible, the County will utilize local standards such as those in the Salem TSP and Salem Revised Code, for example, for development that occurs on unincorporated lands within UGBs.
3. Coordinate the enhancement or addition of transit connections within and between cities.
· Local transportation plans for the two transit systems (Woodburn Transit System and Salem Cherriots) must contain a transit element coordinated with both the Framework forecast and the preferred alternative. Future small transit systems should be investigated for cities that will exceed 10,000 people in the foreseeable future. The County will investigate and encourage inter-city transit provision through a variety of public and private providers.
4. Allow for a complementary mix of land uses and transportation systems.
· Cities will address opportunities to provide for zoning that allows the co-location of employment and residential uses (mixed use development) in all communities over 5,000 persons in size, and encouraged in all communities.
· Require retail land uses that are over 60,000 sq. ft. or 300 employees per building be located in the Urban Growth Boundaries of cities that are in excess of 10,000 people.
5. Encourage Traffic Calming of through traffic in neighborhoods.
· Cities and the County will jointly develop recommended methods and procedures for traffic calming, developing recommended best practices for methods, locations, and processes for traffic calming in both existing and new developments.
6. Improve key freight routes.
· Cities over 10,000 and the County will jointly plan for freight movement by both rail and truck in their transportation planning activities.
7. Improve the walking and biking environment in all communities.
The environmental goals that are part of the Framework address the importance of natural resources to the local and regional economy, as well as the carrying capacity of the land. The goals include:
A. Preserve and protect agricultural and forest lands, wetlands, wildlife habitat and natural resource corridors and other natural resources through wise stewardship.
B. Encourage planning that does not exceed the capacity of water, energy, air and other resources.
C. Promote conservation, recycling and the efficient use of resources.
The environmental policies provide guidance in making the land use decisions that will protect and preserve the natural resources of Marion County. The environmental policies listed below are minimum requirements, often less stringent than Federal regulations and already adopted city regulations. The mutual agreement of the cities and the County to these policies is vital to the effective coordination and cooperation necessary to create a system that does not exceed the resources available in Marion County. The following policies and standards provide guidance for protection of natural resources.
1. Identify land use efficiency standards that must be met before a city can amend its Urban Growth Boundary
· The efficiency standard serves multiple purposes in this framework. It has been listed with the Environmental Standards as the amount of new land consumed is directly related to the average density of development. This standard, however, is also geared to support other portions of the urban fabric. From an environmental standpoint, using the highest possible efficiency standard would of course preserve the most land. The standards however have been set to in a manner appropriate with existing development and are based on the size of the cities where they are applied. In this fashion, the standard ranges from no minimum for the smallest cities up to 9 units per acre for Salem.
This standard measures the average density all new residential development in units per net acre, minus land needed for roads, schools, parks, or unbuildable lands. Housing through redevelopment counts as new units, but no new land consumption, effectively increasing the density measurement. The land needs in the Coordinated Forecast include an additional 30% of land estimated to be needed for commercial or industrial uses.
This standard can be replaced by a comprehensive plan that is mutually agreed upon. It represents only the average density for new housing that will be zoned and allowed by the city. There is no requirement in this framework for adherence to any minimum density zoning standards. The purpose is to ensure that comprehensive plans are permitting the housing market to freely meet the community needs for housing.
There are a variety of reasons for the increase in the efficiency standard as cities grow. Larger cities in Marion County serve as employment centers for their portions of the County. As job centers, it is important to locate a choice of housing opportunities within close proximity. Additionally, larger cities have a higher percentage of multi-family housing, making their average densities higher. These cities are also more likely to be served by transit, which both assists and relies on the greater densities found there. There may be situations that require that the standards be adjusted. These situations can be addressed at any time through the Intergovernmental Agreements between the Cities and the County addressing this framework.
The following chart defines efficiency standards, in housing units per net acre, for new residential development created since the adoption date of the Framework. The residential efficiency standard is a composite number of all residential development (single-family and multifamily) occurring within a community, including housing through redevelopment (for which no land is considered consumed). The standards are divided into five categories in accordance with projected city size in 2050. For cities forecasted to be larger than 25,000 people the standard is 8 housing units per acre; for cities between 10,000 and 25,000 people the standard is 7 housing units per acre; for cities between 2,500 and 10,000 the standard is 6 units per acre; for cities between 1,000 and 2,500 people, the standard is 5 housing units per acre; and for cities less than 1,000 no efficiency standard would be applied. Salem, the largest city in the County has an efficiency standard of 9 units per acre which is based on results from the "Salem Futures" project, and may be modified based on their final adopted policies.
UGB 2050 Population
Compact Land Efficiency Standard in Units Per Gross Acre
Less than 1,000
1,000 to 2,500
2,500 to 10,000
10,000 to 25,000
Greater than 25,000
Salem (From Salem Future's Project)
2. Require buffer zones to protect streams, floodplains, and significant wildlife areas from the negative effects of development.
Standards: The following standards are listed as a recommended starting point for protection buffers.
· Streams shall be buffered at least 50 feet from the edge of bank.
· Wetlands shall be buffered at least 50 feet.
· Development in floodplains shall be restricted to balanced cut and fill, within the parcel to be developed.
3. Require developments to retain vegetation along streams, lakes, and reservoirs to provide shelter, shade, food and nesting for wildlife resources.
· Use the Division of State Lands (DSL) standards to identify locally significant wetlands.
· Within stream or wetland buffers, and areas within the 100-year FEMA floodplain, no more than 30 percent of natural vegetation may be removed.
· In the case of non-native species, native plant species may be used to replace existing vegetation so long as the overall quantity and distribution of vegetation remains the same, as based on a 15-year growth horizon.
4. Require preservation of more farm and forest land over the long term.
· Identify and adopt a rate of redevelopment and infill for calculation of UGB capacities in cities needing to expand onto lands protected under Statewide Planning Goals three or four.
· Set targets for mixed-use development. This can include a percentage of residential and employment land uses that are co-located to increase the efficiency of land within the UGBs.
· The County will manage the rural areas to encourage the preservation of the rural environment, and discourage the development of new communities of housing and employment outside of urban growth boundaries and designated unincorporated communities.
5. Require a plan to address how resources for the forecasted employment and population will be provided.
· Analyze existing vacant land for the capacity to meet future land need. A jurisdiction can consider the feasibility of rezoning vacant land to a different land use type in order to create additional capacity for the type of development a potential UGB amendment would seek to provide.
· Ensure that zoning is in place to meet or exceed residential and/or employment capacity targets, as identified by the Framework. If the identified capacity is less than the population or employment allocation, an UGB expansion should be anticipated. For cities that will require expansions of their UGB's, monitor the attainment of the targets on a periodic basis
6. Encourage and work with jurisdictions and private landowners to protect water
resources in the county.
· The County will work with watershed groups, jurisdictions, and agencies to protect environmentally sensitive areas critical to watershed health.
· The County will promote and target restoration efforts to critical groundwater areas and develop water management approaches such as monitoring and evaluation programs based on collaborative actions.
The economic development goals that are part of the Framework address the importance of maintaining a diverse employment base with living wage jobs. The goals include:
A. Encourage diversity and balance of job types (e.g., service and industry jobs).
B. Promote economic opportunity for all segments of society.
C. Encourage a sustainable local and regional economy
D. Tailor economic development to the unique assets and needs of the county and its individual communities.
The economic development policies can provide guidance in making the land use decisions that will provide a diverse employment base in Marion County that allows for each city's employment sector to complement each other rather than compete with each other. The mutual agreement of the cities and the County to these policies is vital to the effective coordination and cooperation necessary to create an economic development plan that allows for jobs and services to remain in the County. The following policies and standards provide guidance for an economic development plan.
1. Require identification of the existing capacity of employment uses.
· Create an inventory of lands suitable for employment use
· Calculate capacity for jobs categorized by land use type, of the employment lands
· Allow expansion of urban growth boundaries consistent with state land use planning law to provide needed lands for employment use consistent with other standards listed in this section.
2. Require a plan to provide for the forecasted employment.
· Examine plans and implementing ordinances and change where necessary to coordinate employment lands inventory with forecast.
· Determine if the development density allowed is too low to attract investment. If it is, consider modifications to zoning regulations that will be appropriate.
3. Support economic growth and development opportunities in cities in rural areas that
recognize their distinct character and economic potential.
· The County will assist and work with the cities, economic development agencies, area economic development groups, and major institutions to provide information to support development of a region-wide strategy promoting a sustainable economy.
The housing goals that are part of the Framework address the importance of providing a diversity and range of housing choices, both in style and affordability. The goals include:
A. Encourage the availability of a wide variety of housing choices to meet the needs of a diverse population.
B. Encourage access to adequate housing for all citizens, commensurate with their incomes.
C. Encourage quality design for development that is sensitive to existing communities and the natural environment.
The housing policies can provide guidance in making the land use decisions that will provide enough housing to meet the anticipated demand for housing. The mutual agreement of the cities and the County to these policies is vital to the effective coordination and cooperation necessary to provide adequate housing while still protecting the unique characteristics of each community in the County. The following policies and standards provide guidance to create a housing plan that maintains and enhances the livability of each community.
1. Require zoning of vacant land be designed to accommodate expected housing needs.
· Identify a mix of housing types (single-family, townhouse, multifamily and others) in larger cities (more than 5,000 persons) and ensure that the vacant buildable land is zoned to provide for that mix, understanding however, that vacant land may also used for non-residential purposes..
· Allow diverse housing types in multiple residential zones, including a variety of ownership types.
· Develop a numeric goal of providing affordable housing distributed proportionally in the cities larger than 10,000 persons in the County.
· Cooperate with the Marion County Housing Authority in developing affordable housing projects in areas that have good walking, biking, and transit service and access to services.
· Allow expansion of urban growth boundaries consistent with state land use planning law to provide additional land for housing consistent with the other standards listed in this section.
2. Require identification of the existing capacity of residential uses.
3. Ensure quality design of new construction
· Adopt clear and objective Design Standards for multi-family and commercial construction in cities over 10,000 and encourage their adoption in smaller communities.
In addition to its population coordination responsibilities (ORS 195.025), Marion County has joint agreements regarding urban growth boundaries with all local cities, and participates as a decision-maker on all urban growth boundary amendments. The County will work with the cities to project any future urban growth boundary expansions that may be needed, and will use its authority to minimize the impacts of new development. Modifications to urban growth boundaries will be addressed through State planning law and this Framework process, including the protection and monitoring of urban growth boundary expansion areas for urban uses.
As urban growth affects many important parts of Marion County and its economy, a need to coordinate growth and develop a consistent growth management policy among the 20 incorporated cities is essential. As many of the growth issues transcend city boundaries and are regional in nature, coordination with and amongst the cities and engaging the cities to working together to develop solutions and strategies is an important coordination role for the County. It is equally important for the County to provide assistance to cities in the form of information/data collection and analysis, and develop tools that can be utilized by the cities in addressing growth issues or concerns.
The planning and growth management activities of many jurisdictions affect and are affected by the actions of other jurisdictions in the County. The future plans for development of each city impacts the development potential of neighboring cities. For example, a large retail operation locating in one of the smaller communities in Marion County will likely have a greater market draw than the immediate town. As a result, the opportunity for the neighboring cities to solicit a large retail operation is greatly reduced and the transportation impacts between communities is increased. The coordination of planning and development activities and recognition that these activities are part of an on-going and continually evolving process, is essential if urban growth management efforts are to succeed.
As part of the coordination with and between local governments, each city's vision for the future must be taken into consideration and respected when neighboring cities are planning for their futures. One of the planning principles identified through the Marion County Urban Growth Management Framework is the need for each community to maintain the characteristics and qualities that make it unique. In recognition of each community's unique character as well as growth being an issue that crosses jurisdictional boundaries, the implementation of the growth strategy has three components: 1.) the identification of and approach of utilizing possible subareas (groups of cities) of the county to meet local needs regarding key issues and to provide links between communities; 2.) letters of agreement and support from the cities for regional growth management and planning coordination by the County and cities for the broad policies that everyone can agree to; and 3.) individual intergovernmental agreements or compacts with each city or groups of cities and the County for the specific issues relevant to each city and/or subarea of the county. This process will result in a growth strategy that provides coordination between the different entities, but also maintains the integrity of the 20 cities within the County.
Countywide Growth Management Utilizing Subareas
Growth management including key issues and strategies is a regional issue that transcends jurisdictional boundaries. The integration of local planning efforts to address and manage key growth issues provides a collaborative approach and action that will be far more effective than the 20 cities and the County acting independently of each other. Cities within the county are linked to each other in many ways whether it be geographically, economically, transportation, housing, resources, services or other linkages. Utilizing these connections and the knowledge that communities in an area do impact on each other, the identification of subareas in the county, that is the grouping of cities together to collectively work toward common goals and strategies on key growth issues affecting each community, is an effective way to accommodate the needs of the cities and county within a countywide approach where individually, each jurisdiction's role is limited.
The Growth Management Framework Preferred Alternative focuses the majority of growth in the County to the larger communities of Salem, Keizer, Woodburn, Stayton and Silverton. The larger communities contain the essential components needed to accommodate growth such as infrastructure, services, developed employment lands, and a variety of housing options that are not all available in the smaller communities within the county. These larger communities serve as urban centers within several defined areas of the County around which several smaller communities are located and which are dependent upon the larger communities for various services. The transportation (roadways and rail lines) and natural resource (waterways) systems in the county provide the physical links between communities that are also influenced or impacted by growth in adjoining counties.
The cities of Salem and Keizer form the primary urban area located within the western portion of the County and are projected to accommodate nearly two-thirds of the additional growth within the county over the 2050 planning horizon. The City of Salem is also located in Polk County which is impacted by growth and development in the Salem/Keizer urban area. The City of Turner, located just to the south of the City of Salem is directly influenced by the Salem urban area. The north County area contains the cities of Aurora, Donald, Gervais, Hubbard, St. Paul, and Woodburn, with Woodburn being the largest community and projected to accommodate the most growth in this area of the county. The north County area is also affected by growth and development in adjoining Clackamas County which forms the southern boundary of the Portland metropolitan region. The central County area contains the cities of Mt. Angel, Scotts Mills, and Silverton, with Silverton being the largest community and projected to accommodate the growth in this area of the county. The south County area includes the cities of Aumsville, Jefferson, Sublimity, and Stayton, with Stayton being the largest community within this group of cities and projected to accommodate the most growth. The cities of Aumsville, Stayton and Sublimity are clustered together along Highway 22 to the east of Salem, while the City of Jefferson located to the south of Salem off Interstate 5 is also influenced by its proximity to the City of Albany which is in Linn County. The east County area includes the smaller cities of Detroit, Gates, Idanha, and Mill City which are located along the North Santiam River canyon with Gates, Idanha, and Mill City also located in Linn County, and are physically separated from the Willamette Valley cities of the County.
The various areas of the County and groups of cities within these areas, have different growth concerns and needs individually as cities and collectively as a region or subarea of the county. The interrelationship between cities and the hierarchy of cities based on size, the services they provide, and the impact of larger cities on surrounding smaller communities, make a regional approach to growth issues a sensible and efficient strategy. The willingness of a group of cities to pursue a collaborative approach to finding solutions to growth issues affecting both an area of the county and individual cities as they plan for their future, is a part of the countywide growth management implementation strategy for developing a regional approach to addressing key growth issues facing the cities in the County.
Letters of Agreement/Support
In order to have a consistent growth management plan for the County, the County and 20 cities will be asked to voluntarily sign/submit a Marion County Urban Growth Management Framework Letter of Agreement or Support. This letter references the countywide standards identified in the Framework that are applicable to all cities. Signing of a Framework letter indicates agreement and support for a countywide approach to growth management and working together to develop effective strategies to address key issues. Signing a letter of agreement also indicates support for the countywide goals, policies, and standards that frame the regional growth management approach, and requires efforts within a reasonable period of time to comply with the Framework strategy.
The countywide standards addressed in the Framework, will be reviewed every five years to assess growth and development patterns and the impacts on the cities and areas of the County. This review process will be the basis for determining whether changes or modifications to the Framework are necessary due to the actual growth patterns being realized in the County or to address countywide issues involving one or more of the four key growth issues, as they may occur. Revisions can be made at other times if half of the cities and the Marion County Board of Commissioners agree to the change.
Individual Inter-Governmental Agreements (IGAs) or Compacts
Each community within Marion County is unique. As a result, individual intergovernmental agreements or compacts will be signed with each city and/or groups of cities and the County to address the topics identified in the Framework and specific local growth issues that may effectively be addressed through such a city/county agreement. The Framework provides the overall growth management concepts needed to address the key issues regarding transportation, environment, economic development, and housing while identifying the roles that the cities and the County have in cooperatively working to develop solutions to these growth issues. The IGAs or compacts are the collaborative implementation mechanism between each city and the County which will contain the details as to how the city and County will address specific growth issues and concerns which will be different for each city. Growth boundary expansions, identification of possible future areas of expansion or concern, population forecasting adjustments, land efficiency and development standards, data needs and analysis, redevelopment and land needs, economic development strategies, transportation routes, natural resource plans, and growth management tools are some of the various items that can and will be included within the IGAs or compacts between the County and the cities. Modifications to the intergovernmental agreements or compacts can be made with the consent of both the city and the county. The intergovernmental agreements will be reviewed and modified as appropriate during the city's periodic review process.


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INGLEWOOD, Calif. (December 8, 2011)—There will be a double Pick 6 carryover of $81,761 when racing resumes Friday at Aqueduct.
The Pick 6 starts in Race 4. Scheduled post time is 10:50 a.m. PST.
Track gates at Hollywood Park open at 10 a.m. for simulcasts.
Copyright © 2009-2014, Hollywood Park. All rights reserved.

subset: commoncrawl


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A list of Anica Cernej Poems. This poet page also includes a link to popular and all-time best Anica Cernej poems and the poet's biography. Many of these Cernej poems may be famous while other poems may be less well-known.
Anica Cernej (1900–1944), Slovene author and poet
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Submit a Anica Cernej poem here...


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Seeing how we already have the Praxeology: Reading List, Marxism - A Materials List, and Libertarian Political Philosophy Reading List I would like to see a leftist/socialist/mutualist/poststructuralist/etc. reading list put together. All the major works from these schools of thought from it's most prominent authors, unlike the other reading list this would be a list of leftist books and material. Problem for me, I've only really read Hegel and Marx as far as differing political views go, with bits here and there picked up from mutualist interaction (I have Kropotkin's Mutual Aid, though). Thus, my knowledge and range of major works on this for the past 100+ years is limited. This is where, I hope, people can contribute such information (please, do not start listing off Keynesian material, or anything low brow for that matter).
Let the list begin (will be amended over time)...
Bakunin - The Basic Bakunin: Writings 1869-1871
Bakunin - God and the State
Chomsky - Chomsky on Anarchism
Harrington - Socialism: Past and Future
Kropotkin - Anarchism: A Collection of Revolutionary Writings
Marx/Engels - The Marx-Engels Reader
Marx - Early Writings
Marx - Capital: Volume 1
Newman - Socialism: A Very Short Introduction
Proudhon - Property Is Theft!: A Pierre-Joseph Proudhon Reader
My humble blog
It's easy to refute an argument if you first misrepresent it. William Keizer
To be honest, those lists are a bit half-assed (I guess I shouldn't expect quality organization on RevLeft). I'm trying to build up a list, but something like Communist Manifesto doesn't seem like hard critique of capitalism, etc.
When I read the Communist Manifesto, all I could think was: "that's it?"
The Anarch is to the Anarchist what the Monarch is to the Monarchist.
-Ernst Jünger
Communist Manifesto wasn't meant to be a book on theory, it was more of an outline and goals of those people to whom which the reader would be unaware; essentially an introduction to what to expect.
The Communist Manifesto does sum up Marxist philosophy insofar, as it translates into a plan of action, without going into much detail. The pure assertion of the work and the sense of "inevitability" that one gets from reading it really say a lot about Marxist Communism
Luckily a lot of socialists and anarchists didn't like Marx and you get mutualists like Proudhon and Kropotkin, etc.
I recommend Thomas Sowell's book on Marxism. Marxism: Philosophy and Economics. This book is very clear in language and objective, leaving any criticism until the very end.
Maybe some Slavoj Zizek
Foucault - Discipline and Punish
Barthes - Mythologies
Kevin Carson has 'Studies in Mutualist Political economy'
Clarence Lee Swartz' What is Mutualism?
How about infoshop's Anarchist FAQ: http://www.infoshop.org/page/AnAnarchistFAQ
It's pretty damn comprehensive.
Lol, I like their slogan. With this being said, it's pretty religious all the same, at least in its criticism of the capitalistic system.
"When I read the Communist Manifesto, all I could think was: "that's it?" "
When I first read it, all I could think was at least 8 out these 10 central planks exist in America.
at least 8 out these 10 central planks exist in America.
I think it was Milton Friedman who made the point that the various Socialist Party presidential candidates from the first half of the 20th century, including most notably Eugene Debs, ran on platforms that had been all but fully adopted by the 1980s.
Apparently I cannot edit the OP anymore, so here's more:
Foucault - The Foucault Reader
Foucault - The Government of Self and Others
Zizek - In Defense of Lost Causes
This might be offtopic, but I'll say it still... The amount of leftist literature and theories is just huge, because there is endless amount of combinations how to organize your government. Only minority of people are interested about leftist ideologies, and that minority is highly heterogeneous. So if you're not that much interested about commie-theories etc. it might be best if you just forget the whole thing and use your time to study mainstream vs. austrian arguments, because those are most useful when arguing for liberty.
I figured someone might make this statement. First, It's not all "commie" literature. I'm trying to expand to leftist, mutualist, post-structuralist, and socialist literature. Second, it's not all the same. If you read stuff by Proudhon and Kropotkin you'll find differences than that of Marx, etc., and views can vary from political, economical, and cultural topics. It's to expand what one knows about a particular subject. How can one sufficiently argue against theories that one has not sufficiently submerged themselves into? I think a balanced understanding is worthy and more beneficial than only reading the Austrians. (A closed minded view resonates that of Rand, who'd barred her followers from reading non-Objectivist literature out of fear of their minds being tainted; and I'm sure there are many young and ignorant Marxists who share the same view.)
Also, I've read plenty of Austrian material, and I'm bored with it. I already understand and grasp it, so when it comes to econ and political theory I want to expand what I know and move into other spheres. The group of actual Austrians (who read and grasp the theory and material) is a minority compared to the mainstream just like the amount of actual mutualists and left-anarchists, etc. When conversing with the mainstream, no big deal, but it's more intellectually stimulating to converse with an intellectually, but well knowledged, opposing ideology (I'm more likely to get into a real debate with someone of this variety, and it's good to know what you're debating for just as much as what you're "debating against").
With the Austrian material: been there, done that, "argued for liberty", big deal. I want to expand what I know, I'm not going to stop just because the authors aren't rank and file with Mises and Hoppe.
I figured someone might make this statement. First, It's not all "commie" literature. I'm trying to expand to leftist, mutualist, post-structuralist, and socialist literature.
Well what I basicly meant was there is huge amount of leftist literature, and all people don't have that much free time to study everything. If you're interested then it's fine to dive deep into all that, but if you don't have that much free time and you're interested more about other things then it might not pay the price to study all those billion leftist theories.
In a way, nothing I've studied has "paid the price" beyond intellectual stimulation and expanding knowledge. Realistically, it may not pay the price whether the layman dives into Hayekian theory about prices and production, or Hoppe's theories on anarchism. Seeing how it's all theory from any position. Thus the same logic can be applied, either you want to learn it, or you don't. Maybe it doesn't fit your time preference or subjective tastes, so be it, but this forum is a tool in expanding knowledge, and that's what I'm doing. If you don't have the time, don't read it, but if you can find the time to read an 800 page magnum opus on economics you might have the time to read a few more things as well.
If reading this stuff isn't for you and you don't have the time, then don't bother with the time of making an input.
Well said Bert. I've gained a lot from reading things written by leftists, and even though I disagree with the vast majority of it, I've found that a lot of their writings can be incorporated or redesigned in such a way so as to give valuable insight and conclusions. For instance, as Joseph Schumpeter argued, class theory is often invaluable for understanding current events, and especially historical events, and economic class often plays a major role in this, but that doesn't mean that the static, mind altering unity of Marx's models is reality. Another good example is Bakunin's excellent equation of the state to god, which can be extended to most ideological beliefs, even the "left" anarchistic belief that communism, democracy, and egalitarianism are widely beneficial.
Also, Chyd, you be amazed at how anarchistic many leftist works are.
Several years back I went to a Mises Institute event and chatted with Jeff Tucker for a minute. He pointed out that the people who follow the Mises Institute around rarely come up with great work. The most impressive contributions have been from people who are willing to go out and find new ideas and let them clash with the Austro-libertarian framework. It is out of the clash of ideas that fresh, exciting ideas come, as opposed to as someone else pointed out the Randian model staying pure and untainted.
I shouldn't necessarily say "new" ideas. I mean "different", perhaps leftist.
The bibliography for AFAQ alone is enough to make you pass out, but picking from that list would probably be a good start, or finish, depending on how far you'd like to take it.
Anything from Foucault is good. Archaeology of Knowledge outlines what would eventually become the main thesis of the rest of his theories, that social relationships are subject to discourses of power. All of it is obscure because it's translated and post-structuralist. Double the obscurity.
Specters of Marx, by Derrida, is supposed to be a good deconstruction of Marxist communism. Haven't read it myself, but it's been very strongly recommended to me by a number of folks.
Society of the Spectacle by Guy Debord outlines what people mean by "commodity culture" in a way that is much more fun than dry Marxist talk and that does a pretty good job disassembling authoritarian Marxism.
Murray Bookchin has some good stuff. Read his essays. He was a proponent of directly democratic, city-sized institutions with minimally binding decision making power. He got a lot of flak for that. Then he tried a synthesis with the libertarian party. Then he gave up and renounced his anarchism before dying. The most fun stuff of his is that which opens up space for radical ecology, which was not taken seriously before his time, and then taken more seriously that he could have imagined (primitivism started sprining up). He ended up coining the term lifestylist to denote primitivists and post-structuralists that weren't interested in direct action.
Emma Goldman has some very firey literature that is very good. An associate of hers, Lola Ridge, has some good poetry.
Studying Zapatismo or other recent rebellions would probably be worth while, as it seems there's a turn to radical communitarianism by a lot of leftists, a type of prefigurative ethics that effects culture and social relationships rather than rely on static definitions of human nature or the ability for institutions to dictate day-to-day life. I can't think of a good way to describe what I'm talking about. These struggles build an ideology that fits their situation rather than fit their situation to ideology. There's no literature on this as far as I know, but to bring it all full circle, Foucault does a good job laying the groundwork for this train of thought in his work, as do a number of post-structuralists. All of the literature on that has more to do with fields like language, history, or gender than they do politics though. Mostly because post-structuralists were not concerned with very complicated public theater.
"Emma Goldman has some very firey literature that is very good."
I really liked "Anarchism: What it Really Stands for", although it didn't add anything to my actual understanding of anarchist theory, did she write anything else of interest?
If reading this stuff isn't for you and you don't have the time, then don't bother with the time of making an input.
I clearly have to improve my writing, because that wasn't what I meant... Well, enjoy your books.
I think I may have come to the conclusion that the de facto left is no longer relevant. I think it is dying, and all we are dealing with is the large "priestly language" and some residual fashionable / socially polite causes it has left behind.
If you really look at the list, Marx (who is now absolutely discredited) is the only one who really tried to seriously say anything - and from what I can make of him Foucault may be the only other canidate to actually say something - but I've a hunch, there is not much that a classic liberal is going to disagree with on Foucault (there is probably good reason why Sartre called him something like the "last defender of the bourgoise") - the rest seem just too irrelevant to me and I would say the rest of the relevant world at large; when they spea it is more about arbitrary aesthetics or empty psychologisms, or geneologies/ histories that don't matter - in other words a dance around anything relevant.
I think what the "real" conflict may be is between us continental / classic styled liberals vs left / progressive styled liberals - and that is nothing more than taking a bunch of econ and math classes in school. Either way liberalism wins / has already won, we just have to figure out exactly what it is saying
"As in a kaleidoscope, the constellation of forces operating in the system as a whole is ever changing." - Ludwig Lachmann
"When A Man Dies A World Goes Out of Existence" - GLS Shackle
Goldman's bibliography is the most interesting part about her. There's not much she said that hadn't been said before her, until she goes into criticisms of marriage and social hierarchies. Her feminism is her remarkable theory because it filled a void that had been ignored for quite some time in anarchist circles. Other than that, she was just a figure that couldn't be ignored. So when she rephrases Kropotkin, she not only does it in a much more eloquent way, but she says it with much more force than he ever could.
Now is this just a matter of aesthetics? Maybe. But seeing as how Goldman probably made more anarchists than any of her Russian counterparts (and probably every American combined) before her, there's probably something to it.
On Marriage is, I think, the name of the essay where she starts disassembling the nuclear family, before the nuclear family was the nuclear family.
"Specters of Marx, by Derrida, is supposed to be a good deconstruction of Marxist communism."
Not so much a deconstruction of Marx, but the idea that Marx still exists and may be ready to reassert itself. The specter part is the idea that Marxism still exists even after the Cold War, even though it has none of the support that it had by governments for so long. Marx said in the communist manifesto that there was a spectre haunting Europe. Derrida thinks that Marx is more relevant than ever, because he thinks that we live in the worst time in human history. And this is the fault of capitalism and liberal democracies.


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Buttery Crescent Rolls Recipe
I always have to double the recipe for these buttery rolls because they never last long. You can shape them any way you like, but to me, a crescent shape is so pretty. —Kelly Kirby, Westville, Nova Scotia
- 1 tablespoon active dry yeast
- 1 teaspoon plus 1/3 cup sugar
- 1/2 cup warm water (110° to 115°)
- 1/2 cup butter, softened
- 1/2 cup warm 2% milk (110° to 115°)
- 1 egg
- 3/4 teaspoon salt
- 4 cups all-purpose flour
- In a large bowl, dissolve yeast and 1 teaspoon sugar in warm water. Add butter, milk, egg, salt, remaining sugar and 2 cups flour. Beat until smooth. Stir in enough remaining flour to form a soft dough.
- Turn onto a floured surface; knead until smooth and elastic, about 6-8 minutes. Place in a greased bowl, turning once to grease the top. Cover and let rise in a warm place until doubled, about 1 hour.
- Punch dough down. Turn onto a lightly floured surface; divide in half. Roll each portion into a 12-in. circle; cut each circle into 12 wedges. Roll up wedges from the wide end and place point side down 2 in. apart on greased baking sheets. Curve ends to form crescents. Cover and let rise in a warm place until doubled, about 30 minutes.
- Preheat oven to 350°. Bake 10-12 minutes or until golden brown. Remove from pans to wire racks. Yield: 2 dozen.
Originally published as Butterhorns in Taste of Home August/September 2010, p85
Reviews for Buttery Crescent Rolls
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Reviewed Jun. 4, 2012
"I haven't had to buy a tube of crescent rolls since getting this recipe...this one's a keeper!!"
Reviewed Dec. 24, 2011
"I've made these many times and every time I get the same positive response! They are absolutely delicious!"
Reviewed Oct. 14, 2011
"These are easy. I did have a bit of trouble with them unrolling in the oven so some of them weren't as pretty as I would have liked, but they were tasty."
Reviewed Apr. 12, 2011
"Wow, so simply. Everyone thinks I worked hard on these. Can't wait to try cinnamon rolls."
Reviewed Dec. 29, 2010
"I was a little intimidated to try this recipe but I'm so glad I did! The dough was so easy to work with and the rolls turned out beautiful and delicious. Next time I will double the recipe and put some in the freezer- they will be much requested!"


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Haters will always hate, especially when you're chillin' by the pool or at the beach sippin' on your favorite canned poison and they're all out of booze. Don't give in when they approach you with, "Sharing is caring" — stay strong, tough guy. Stick to your guns with Metal Mulisha's D Lush II trunks and you'll never succumb to their deceiving words. These boards feature a busy allover distressed brand sublimated print with helmet skull logos and medieval-inspired lettering. They're pretty fly, for sure, but the best part about these babies is their ability to store an entire 6-pack. With zippered pockets at the sides of both legs, two zippered pockets at the front hips, and hook and loop fastener straps along the waist, they've got plenty of room to stash your brews. Make those sorry suckers wish they were as savvy as you. Get down and party hardy, dude.
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text: Accele RVM430NBTG Replacement mirror with 4.3" rear-view inset and Bluetooth® capability Zoom Front Photos Videos My vehicle's homepage We don't check this item for fit or compatibility. Item #: 074RVM430B Review Summary 3 people say Low Stock $119.99 Was: -$12.00 : Outlet Savings Free Crutchfield lifetime tech support Free Shipping Open Box Price Loading... $107.99 Add to cart + Add to wishlist Email me alerts for this product $119.99 New Stock Buy this item and earn up to 108 Rewards points See more offers and ways to save Special Financing Available x By buying this product you'll earn up to 108 Rewards points. When you sign up for a Crutchfield account, you'll be enrolled in Crutchfield Rewards. You'll earn one point for every dollar you spend on gear from us. You can turn your points into Rewards Cards that you can use toward future purchases. You can sign up for an account now, or after you complete your purchase (you'll get credit for the points either way). Sign up for a Crutchfield account Overview Details Customer Reviews Q&A Articles & Videos Accessories Our take on the Accele RVM430NBTG by Buck Pomerantz Picture within picture on your rear-view mirror Here's a great idea. Put a rear-view monitor where you normally look when you're backing up your rear-view mirror. Accele's RVM430NBTG replacement mirror acts like an ordinary 10" wide, low-glare rear-view mirror, until you put your vehicle into reverse and activate your rear-view camera. Then a 4.3" video screen comes to life on the right-hand side of the mirror, giving you a much more comprehensive view of what's behind you than the mirror alone. Bluetooth too This mirror also features Bluetooth capabilities with a built-in speaker and external microphone included. After pairing with your cell phone, you can enjoy hands-free conversations while driving. The mirror rings and caller ID shows up on the screen when you receive a call, and you'll find buttons and touchscreen controls for the volume. See more info on this item Highlights:10" wide rear-view mirror with built-in monitor and Bluetooth4.3" color monitor activates with rear-view camera (not included)OEM-style mounting system matches most vehiclesBluetooth capable for hands-free conversationbuilt-in speaker and external microphone includedcaller ID displays when calledbutton and touchscreen controls2 video inputswarranty: 1 yearOur 60-day money-back guarantee Hands-on research from the Crutchfield Labs (what are the Labs?) What's in the box? | In-depth notes Product Research What's in the box? Download owner's manual Rever-view mirror monitor Mounting arm 6.5' Power/signal cable Microphone (with attached 7' cable terminated by a 3.5mm connector) 4 Machine screws 4 Lock washers Hex-key User Manual Our Product Research Team At Crutchfield, you'll get detailed, accurate information that's hard to find elsewhere. That's because we have our own in-house Product Research team — they open the box, verify contents, check the owner's manual, and record dimensions, features and specs. We stay on top of new products and technologies to help people make informed choices. Features Rear-View Mirror Monitor: The Accele RVM430NBTG rear-view mirror monitor replaces the factory rear-view mirror in select vehicles (not compatible with all vehicles). It offers a back-up camera input, video input, and built-in Bluetooth technology. 4.3" Display: A 4.3" (diagonal) LCD screen with a resolution of 480 x 272 (130,560 total pixels) is integrated into the rear-view mirror. You switch the built-in monitor to a 16:9 or 4:3 aspect ratio. Camera Input: The Accele RVM430NBTG features a composite video rear-view camera input and provides automatic reverse trigger (green wire) for your back-up camera, so when your vehicle is placed in reverse, the rear-view mirror monitor will automatically switch to the video input of the rear-view camera. Video Input: There is also a composite video input to connect an external video source, such as a DVD player. Built-in Bluetooth: The Accele RVM430NBTG rear-view mirror monitor features built-in Bluetooth (HFP/HSP) for hands-free communication. You are able to answer and end calls using the rear-view mirror monitor. The caller's number will be visible on the monitor. The rear-view mirror monitor features a built-in mono speaker and comes with an external microphone, so you can carry on a conversation without having your phone up to your ear. To dial a number, you will still need to use the key-pad on your cell-phone. Note: Not all Bluetooth enabled cell-phones will be compatible. Mounting Options: Simply remove your vehicle's factory mirror from the factory windshield mount. Leave the factory windshield mount in place. The included mounting arm mounts to the back of the RVM430NBTG rear-view mirror monitor using the included machine screws and then slides down over top the factory windshield mount. This type of mount is found in select vehicles; such as Toyota, Ford, Mazda, Mitsubishi, Kia, and Buick (not compatible with every model vehicle of these manufactures). Review this product Submit a review and then enter to win a $500 rewards card Accele RVM430NBTG Reviews Average Customer Review: 3 people say: Review this product: Thanks for taking the time to share your experiences about this product. Please be sure to focus your comments on the product itself. Read our Review Guidelines for more information. Review title * Email Your email won't be visible. 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Please see our Review Guidelines for more information. We reserve the right (but are not obligated to) review all submissions and edit or remove any review in any manner which we deem necessary. Your review should be posted within seven days. Filter by rating: 5 Star: (0) 4 Star: (0) 3 Star: (0) 2 Star: (0) 1 Star: (0) 3 out of 5 It Works OK Written By Michael, Dunwoody, GA on Wednesday, October 23, 2013 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) This mirror is functional, and it does work with our backup camera to produce a decent image on the mirror. However, since our backup camera is powered on only while the vehicle is in reverse (as are most), while the vehicle is in other gears a "No Signal Detected" error message is displayed, obscuring the display. After awhile, the mirror will shut off, forcing you to manually turn the mirror back on when you place the vehicle into reverse and wish to view the backup camera. This is not a good design. Alternatively, manufacturers should accept that there may not be a signal - display the image when it is available, and do not deactivate the display when the image is not available. The error message could still be useful if it disappeared after a few seconds. Another nit that I have was that there were no useful installation instructions - I had to just guess and play (and install a diode to prevent some undesired power backflow). Pros: Acceptable display when active Cons: DIsplay does not handle powered-down camera gracefully Bluetooth feature only minimally functional 6 out of 7 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes | No 5 out of 5 Great bargain! Written By Mark C., Grand Rapids, MI on Wednesday, July 03, 2013 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) Decided to "downgrade" from my single DIN 7" retractable screen stereo since I always use my iPhone now for navigation.....but what to do about the very necessary back-up camera I utilized with it? Yes, the instructions could be clearer (really...no mention of the green wire for the back-up light in the instructions?), but Crutchfield takes care of the details on this very page. Since I already had a camera hooked up, was just a matter of mounting the mirror and running the wire around the windshield to meet up with the camera wires. The image was very clear in both daylight and nighttime use and the larger mirror is nice. Haven't tried the Bluetooth yet, but I make a point not to speak on the phone while in my car anyway. One thing to watch out for...it ships with a single mount type despite many others shown as options in the instructions. Went to an auto parts store with the mount and fortunately, the bracket kit they had for Ford worked. So a trip to the auto parts store may be in order for you as well. Pros: Price Cons: Instructions 1 out of 2 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes | No 3 out of 5 Ease of install, LCD is a bit washed out Written By Peter, Demarest on Monday, March 18, 2013 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) This is a good first rearview mirror mounted LCD to install if you're on a budget. There are cheaper ones but wanted some assurance against defects so went with Crutchfield. This unit is average and somewhat lacking in terms of installation instruction. I had to use the Internet to figure out how to dismount the factory mirror and attach this unit. It turned out that removing the old mirror was not as difficult as I originally thought. I used Sony camera mounted next to the license plate and for some reason, I could not figure out which wire to use on the car for the reverse lamp trigger to turn on/off the LCD. So I just spliced the reverse lamp wire to both +12V and Trigger (green wire) together. LCD comes on when the car is put in reverse. Car already had the Bluetooth so I did not care whether I had the BT functionality on the LCD or not. Screen is not as sharp as I thought it would be or how it is illustrated on the website; but it does the job. I give me good clear image rear of the vehicle. Overall, I am satisfied but if I had to do it all over again, I would probably pay a little more and get something different. Pros: Ease of install Cons: Lacking clear instructions, LCD is not as clear as it should be. 14 out of 14 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes | No 1 question already asked I have a 2009 Toyota tocoma which has a camera installed but no montitor will this fix my camera which is installed ? [ ken I Mar 06, 2014 ] 1 answer For details on fit or installation please contact an Advisor by phone (1-800-324-9695) or online chat. They will be able to pull up your vehicle and give you the details on if this will work and what you will need for an installation in your vehicle. [ Krissy Staff Mar 06, 2014 ] Add accessories for the Accele RVM430NBTG Add Accessories Add a Warranty If you have no car audio installation experience, we recommend professional installation. See all categories & accessories If you have no car audio installation experience, we recommend professional installation. Professional Installation The right tools and supplies help get the job done right Tools Connectors You'll want A/V cables to hook up another video source or monitor. Video Cables Keep the kids, lose the fingerprints. Use a screen cleaning kit to safely clean the monitor. It also works well with computers and TVs. Screen Cleaning InstallCard: Backup Camera Prepaid professional backup camera installation Your Price: $159.99 Add to Cart S&G Wire Cutter/Stripper Tool Cuts and strips 12- to 22-gauge wire 15 people say Your Price: $19.99 Add to Cart Metra Crimp Tool and Connectors Package contains crimp tool and over 150 pieces 15 people say Your Price: $19.99 Add to Cart Pro.Fit Wire Worm Installation tool helps route wiring through tight spaces 31 people say Your Price: $12.99 Add to Cart Metra Crimp Tool Set Package contains light-duty crimp tool and 20 crimp caps 27 people say Your Price: $9.99 Add to Cart Posi-Products Car Stereo Connectors 16 connectors for installing a new car stereo 685 people say Your Price: $6.99 Add to Cart T-Spec Video Cable Composite RCA video cable available in 3 lengths (9-foot) 1 person says Your Price: $16.99 Add to Cart Monster ScreenClean TV cleaner kit 7 people say Your Price: $14.95 Add to Cart Why choose SquareTrade? The #1-Rated Protection Plan Thousands of people have reviewed SquareTrade Protection Plans — and made us #1. 5-Day Service Guarantee & Free Shipping We'll repair or replace your item in five business days or less after we've received it, or your plan is free. And, as always, we pay for all shipping. Protection from Normal, Everyday Use Repairing your average mechanical or electrical failure can cost as much as buying a new device. With SquareTrade, you're covered — including parts and labor. 3 Year Protection Plan Your Price: $29.99 Add to Cart For a more in-depth review and enhanced detailed information on the Accele RVM430NBTG, please visit the Crutchfield website product page (/ISEO-rccbcspd/p_074RVM430B/Accele-RVM430NBTG.html ). × Front


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|Go to calendar
|TCSD Workouts
|Tamarack Ocean Swims 5:45 PM (Mon and Wed)
|Nov 18 5:45 pm - 6:45 pm
|Tamarack Exit in Carlsbad
|North County ocean swimmers! Join TCSD at Tamarack Beach in Carlsbad Monday and Wednesday evening.
Water temps are staying fair in the mid to upper 60's this week with smallish surf and less chop than last week I hope.
Meet at 5:30, and hit the water at 5:45 PM.
Directions: Take I-5 to the Tamarack Exit in Carlsbad. Go West. Look for us on the sand near the handicapped parking spaces.
Parking: A pay parking lot is located at the West end of Tamarack. California State parking pass is accepted. There is also free parking along the coast highway and side streets.
We swim through the surf together then meet up just past the breakers. From there we split into groups according to ability and swim about 1/2 mile parallel to shore. We gather up again at the turn-around then swim back. We use the buddy system so no one swims alone.
Tamarack is a surf Beach, so it this swim is for more experienced swimmers. It is a great place to practice your surf entries. If surf entries are new to you or make you nervous, let me know ahead of time, and I will make sure that someone stays with you to coach you through the surf.
Surf report here: http://swellwatch.wetsand.com/#place=33.112248870481594_-117.404022_11_1568_height_none_Sat_-1
See you at the beach!!
Liz O.
|Copy to Google calendar
|Copy to outlook (ICS)


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Reserve Online for FREE In-Store Collection
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Explore the great outdoors in our exclusive Mountain Peak range of outdoor clothing & footwear. The range has been specifically developed for the outdoor explorer in all of us!!
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text: Nancy Detert's state senate district may have changed, but that doesn't mean she has. This month, when the 68-year-old Venice Republican heads to Tallahassee for the Florida Legislature's regular 60-day session, she'll be speaking for a whole new group of constituents. The District 28 Detert was elected to represent in 2008 no longer exists—redistricting shaved […]Read More >>


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On the "Our Professionals" section of its website, Finnegan Henderson boasts that it has "375 lawyers focused on IP." It may be time to revise that downward: "371 lawyers focused on IP."
Last night, the high-powered, intellectual-property-focused firm announced four notable partner departures. The Finnegan partners in question practice in the generally hot area of IP litigation (although we've heard anecdotal reports of cooling, including stealth layoffs of IP litigators — see here and here).
Who are the departing Finnegan partners, and where are they going?
Continue reading "Four Prominent Patent Litigators Leave Finnegan Henderson"


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WeatherBug Gadget for Vista Sidebar
Weather Alert
Danville, AR 72833
WeatherBug is now available on your Windows Vista Sidebar! Get live weather conditions and more for your neighborhood and beyond.
- Live local weather conditions and forecasts
- Severe weather alerts
- Access to live weather cameras, international weather and more
Installation Instructions
- Download the gadget here.
System Requirements
- Internet Connection
- Windows Vista
For support or to post comments, please visit the WeatherBug Gadget for Vista Sidebar Forum.
Weather News
Other Top Weather Headlines
Weekend Storm Brings Potpourri Of Weather To East
An early-season winter storm taking shape in the central Appalachians will become a menace for New England later this…More >
Fresh Western Storm Brings Rain, Wind And Snow
A fresh Pacific storm rolling onshore the California coast is bringing downpours and fresh snow accumulation along its…More >
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Fall foliage viewing won't require a long drive from the major cities this…More >
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You too can help save our planet and put money back in your wallet. Learn how you can take the first steps to reduce your environmental impact, including driving green, easy ways you can conserve water, and energy saving tips. To learn more and discover the benefits of going green, visit WeatherBug's green living section. More >
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I'm so happy to be a new member of the Martin family I rushed to sign up here and dropped the meat in the dirt right off the bat. How do I change my profile name here? I added an extra "i" in my name and want to remove it so that it's the same as my ArcheryTalk name.
Thank you,


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Cocoa Brush 3 x 6 feetRead 0 Reviews | Write a Review - Share Images
On Sale Now $72.98 / piece Was:
100% Natural Cocoa Fibers are fused into a sturdy vinyl back creating an extremely long wearing and efficient scraper mat.
This Product Ships UPS Ground, FedEx Ground and/or Freight.
Please review our shipping disclaimer.
NOTE: This item is a custom order and is not returnable.
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Welcome to our website. Questions? Please email us.
An Arts Education for the 21st Century
The School of Art at Carnegie Mellon University considers, in practical and visionary terms, the role of art and the artist in society.
- Ranked #1 for its MFA Art & Design multimedia programs*
- Ranked #7 for its MFA Fine Arts program*
- 25% of undergraduates pursuing interdisciplinary degrees
* US News & World Report
All School of Art degree programs incorporate a broad-based approach to artmaking, encouraging a coherent, informed understanding of personal, public, conceptual and technical issues relevant to many forms of artistic expression.
PEEK by Andrew Bueno + Andy Biar (BCSA14)
An intriguing new form of AR #art leaves video treats around Pittsburgh for users to discover - http://www.psfk.com/2014/01/augmented-reality-graffiti.html
Peek - an augmented reality system from Andy Biar on Vimeo.


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Showing 1 - 4 of 4 Products
Model: D5322/D5922 |
Catalog #: 55036933
You'll enjoy an exceptional value with this UPG 50-pack of "AA" super-heavy-duty batteries...
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Model: D5323/D5923 |
Catalog #: 55036934
You'll enjoy an exceptional value with this UPG 50-pack of "AAA" super-heavy-duty batterie...
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Model: D5344 |
Catalog #: 55052360
Use these 1.5V "AAAA" alkaline batteries in a variety of applications.
Model: D5324/D5624 |
Catalog #: 55074723
The UPG super heavy-duty battery is mercury free. Includes 24 C batteries.
Online prices and product selection may vary from our retail stores. All prices and offers are subject to change. Copyright RadioShack Corporation 2014. All rights reserved.


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HOME NBA Los Angeles Clippers Gear Los Angeles Clippers Shorts & Pants (69 items) Product ID: 1094144
Main Content
After a long strenuous day at work, all you like to do is relax and watch the Clippers dominate the opposition! Make sure to watch the next game in Los Angeles style with this Parquet fleece robe. This full fleece robe features an embroidered team logo on the left chest, with a sash around the waist, and is decked out in team colors. The next time you're lounging around the house in front of the Clippers game, make sure you're doing so comfortably in this robe!
- 100% Polyester fabric
- Fleece body
- Imported
- Officially licensed NBA product
- Quality embroidery
- Team logo and colors
Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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- Antique Jewelry
- The Ages
- Engagement Rings
- Antique Rings
- Diamond Jewelry
- So Much More
American Art Deco Aquamarine Filigree Ring
A pale medium blue natural aquamarine of an estimated 1.25 carats has been cleaved into an elongated oval shape and set within a dainty ornate filigree setting of 14k white gold. Scroll forms and lintels decorated with corded rope designs and bead work embellish an open work under carriage with sensuous images of a curving leaf motif. A traditional wheat sheaf pattern decorates the shoulders which segue to a smooth shank all in a petite ring.
Date: 1930.
Measurements: 1/2 of an inch (1.3 cm) in length north to south on the hand and rises 1/4 of an inch (0.6 cm) in height off the finger. Weight of 1.7 grams (1.1 dwt).
Ring Size: US 6-1/2 (UK M-1/2; Euro or Int. Circum. 16.9 mm, Japan 13; Int. Dia. 53.1 mm) and easily can be sized to fit most. Ring sizing information.
Hallmarks: 14k; OB.
Condition: Excellent.
Origin: American.
Note: Stone has not been removed from mount to preserve the integrity of the setting. Stone weight has been approximated by measurement and formula and may vary from actual weight.
Forms of Payment
- VISA and MasterCard, Discover and American Express credit & debit cards.
- Personal checks drawn on U.S. banks only - Please allow 7 business days for clearance.
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Other Forms of Payment
Bank Wire - For international orders and orders of $5,000 and over. Please contact us for more details.
Layaway information and for full details see Payment Methods.
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If for any reason whatsoever you are not completely satisfied with your purchase, we will refund the FULL purchase price including U.S. shipping if charged. Remember, there is no charge for our regular shipping service!
International Orders - Due to customs and paperwork requirements, return shipping charges cannot be reimbursed.
Return Procedure
- Notify us of your intention to return the item within three (3) days of receipt. You may contact us by email or by telephone.
- Please ship back to us within another two (2) days after we receive notification from you.
- As soon as the item is received, a full refund is issued to you that same day.
More details at Full Guarantee including gift giving options.


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Price Family Foundation Gift Will Create Institute on the OU Research Campus
A $3 million gift from the Price Family Foundation to the University of Oklahoma and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University will create the first ever anaerobic structural biology program in the United States. The OU-Einstein Research Consortium will be dedicated to advancing groundbreaking research with biomedical relevance and will establish an Institute of Structural Biology in the Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center.
OU Professor Recognized by World's Largest Scientific Society
A University of Oklahoma professor has been named a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science for distinguished contributions to the field of global change ecology, particularly for pioneering development and application of data assimilation for ecological forecasting. Models or forecasts similar to those produced for weather will allow ecologists to predict how changes in the environment will alter an entire ecosystem in the future.
OU Norman Research Campus Named 2013 Outstanding Research Park
The University of Oklahoma Research Campus has been named the nation's top research park for 2013 by the Association of University Research Parks. The award recognizes the OU Research Campus for excellence in innovation and places it among such past recipients as the Research Triangle Park in North Carolina, Purdue Research Park in Indiana and University City Science Center in Pennsylvania.


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Rum Manhattan
Rum Manhattan
2 oz Well Aged Dark Rum
1/2 oz of Sweet Red Vermouth
Dash of Angostura Bitters
Brandied Cherry
Twist of Orange Peel
Add the first three ingredients with ice in a Martini Shaker.
Shake vigorously to chill the mixture.
Add a cherry and place it in a chilled glass.
Strain the mixed ingredients over the cherry but do not add the ice.
Rub the cut edge of the orange peel over the rim of the glass and twist it over the drink.
(This will release the oil from the orange zest into the drink)
Discard the peel.
Enjoy Responsibly!
Note: If you are interested in more of my cocktail recipes, please click this link (Cocktails and Recipes) for more of my mixed drink recipes!


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INGLEWOOD, Calif. (November 6, 2011)—The Autumn meet at Hollywood Park, which begins with an eight race program Thursday, Nov. 10, will see an increase of approximately 25% in overnight purses from the 2010 season.
Examples of the boosts include maiden allowance races now offering a $45,000 purse, up from $38,000 a year ago, first level allowance sprints have been upped to $48,000 – a rise of $8,000 from 2010 – and a $32,000 claiming race for fillies and mares at one mile on turf is now $34,000, compared to $26,000 a year ago.
"As far as I can remember, these are the highest overnight purses for the Autumn meet since I've been here,'' said Martin Panza, Hollywood Park's racing secretary and vice president-racing.
"Claiming was up 30-40% during the Spring/Summer meet and with these purse increases we're continuing our commitment to make the claiming game as attractive as possible.''
Copyright © 2009-2014, Hollywood Park. All rights reserved.


text: Call myself MusikFlowz because I believe music has a big part of my life. My blog is about my thoughts, what I like & what makes me think. I believe words are strong when they are well spoken. Uni Student in North America's Capital. Feel free to comment on anything and Re-blog if you feel like it. My Motto : "Greatness is Contagious." - Hit me up on Intagram :musikflowz


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Im doing a product design course and I need a camera for taking pictures of models, research etc and I plan to use it for taking decent pictures on holiday etc. My budget is £130.00 but I have no idea what camera to get, i was looking at the Panasonic Lumix DMC-FS62 and the fujifilm s1600 which is a bit more expensive. im open to pretty much any type of camera, I would be willing to spend more if given good reason to.
Cheers for any help in advance.