text:
September 23, 2008
We had a very successful second Annual Arizona Rural Policy Forum in Flagstaff at Northern Arizona University, July 10th and 11th.
We have enclosed for your review the Final Report of the 2008 Arizona Rural Policy Forum prepared by Jeff Peterson and Megan Stalheim of the Arizona Rural Policy Institute at NAU. These "best practices" were gleaned from successful rural programs around the world and were the basis for our discussions at the 2008 Arizona Rural Policy Forum.
Drug abuse in rural Arizona was the main focus of this year's forum. The 2008 event also highlighted the current state of the three topics discussed during the 2007 forum: Affordable Housing, Workforce Training and Recruitment and Retention of Health Care Workers in Rural Arizona.
We are very conscious of our environment, therefore, we are providing this report to you electronically. If you would like for us to provide you with a hard copy or CD of the report we would be glad to do so, please contact Charlie Thompson at email@example.com or 602-828-9734. The final report is also posted at: http://www.franke.nau.edu/RPI/.
Mike Ortega Charles P. Thompson
Chairman, Board of Directors Conference Chair
Enclosure: Final Report
Michael Ortega, Chair
Cochise County
Carla Roberts, Vice Chair
AZ Community Foundation
Michael Proctor, Secretary
University of Arizona
Wayne Fox, Treasurer
Northern Arizona University
Richard Adams
Bullhead Regional EDA
Jane Bristol
City of Prescott
Debbie Broermann
Bill Bolin
AZ Department of
Eddie Browning
Dave Castillo
Cathy Connolly
Shawn Dralle
RBC Capital Markets
Angie Harmon
Freeport McMoran
Royce Jenkins
Hopi Tribe
Fred Karnas
AZ Department of Housing
Marty Laurel
Blue Cross Blue Shield
of Arizona
Sheldon Miller
Graham Co. Chamber of
Lee Randall
Apache Gold Casino Resort
Dr. Kathy Turner
Northern Arizona United Way
Derrick Watchman
JP Morgan Chase
Rich Gaar
Richard Kuczek
Craig Ringer
Kenneth Sweet
Arizona Rural Development Council
P.O. Box 45439
Phoenix, AZ 85064-5439
(602) 254-7700 2008 Arizona Rural Policy Forum Final Report Drug Abuse in Rural Arizona
A Project of the Arizona Rural Development Council
This report was prepared by the Arizona Rural Policy Institute, Northern Arizona University, partially funded under award #07-66-05876 from the Economic Development Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Economic Development Administration or the U.S. Department of Commerce.
Prepared by The Arizona Rural Policy Institute A Unit of the Center for Business Outreach Jeff Peterson, Research Associate Megan Stalheim, Graduate Assistant Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 2
PARTNERS/SPONSORS We would like to give recognition to our Partners and Sponsor whose support is essential to the Forum President's Council Corporate Rural Policy Forum Event Sponsors: Rural Policy Forum Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 3
Table of Contents
Executive Summary ..................................................................................................... 4
Featured Speakers and Topic Updates...................................................................... 6
Common Risk Factors .................................................................................................. 7
Impact of Drug Abuse on Business .......................................................................... 10
What Can Be Done on a Community Level ............................................................. 12
Effective Strategies for Rural Arizona....................................................................... 15
Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 19
Appendix ...................................................................................................................... 19
Arizona Rural Development Council ....................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Panel Chairs & Recorders ..................................................................................... 20
2008 Forum Participants ........................................................................................ 20 Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 4
Executive Summary
The 2nd annual Rural Policy Forum was held July 10th and 11th, 2008, at the W.A. Franke College of Business on the Northern Arizona University Campus.
A project of the Arizona Rural Development Council, the forum provided a priceless opportunity for community and business leaders to become informed, discuss important topics, and network with others from around the state.
Drug abuse in rural Arizona was the main focus of this year's Arizona Rural Policy Forum. The 2008 event also highlighted the current state of the three topics discussed during the 2007 forum: Affordable Housing, Workforce Training, and Recruitment and Retention of Health Care Workers in Rural Arizona.
After an intensive series of presentations and question-and-answer sessions, the participants separated into five breakout groups. Each group, guided by panel moderators, discussed both risk factors and the effects on businesses and communities. They then identified community assets for prevention and treatment, and some best practices from current efforts from around the state and country. The results of each topic have been grouped into six major categories.
Common Risk Factors
Perceived deficit in activities for children and youth in rural towns
Depressed economy and lack of quality jobs
Proximity to Mexico
Barriers to effective law enforcement due to vast distances, lack of resources, and weak prosecution
Lack of awareness of the consequences of drug abuse among potential users and parent
Communities lack essential social fabric, resulting in gang activities and other social problems.
Impact of Drug Abuse on Business
Lack of applicants who successfully pass pre-employment drug screening
Prohibitive costs of drug screening for small businesses
Employee theft, high turnover, and absenteeism
Poor workplace productivity and quality
High safety risks in potentially hazardous occupations
Drug problems with families have a ripple effect in the workplace
Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 5
What Can Be Done to Promote and Use Community Assets
Form strong public/private sector coalitions within communities
Establish effective leadership for community-based prevention efforts – identify ―champions‖ within each community
Harness the energy of youth and students
Use the highly effective statewide coordinating organizations (Partnership for a Drug-Free America, Arizona Methamphetamine Task Force, etc.) Encourage effective interaction of existing prevention, enforcement, and treatment organizations
Continue effective local/regional/tribal/statewide prevention outreach and education activities (broadcast and print media, public presentations, etc.)
Effective Strategies for Rural Arizona
Develop effective community and regional coalitions throughout rural Arizona, including private sector, government, education, and faith-based organizations
Establish the ―Willcox Model‖ as a statewide standard for community action, with due consideration of local cultural characteristics
Limit access (statewide) to pseudoephedrine and ephedrine products
Develop a ―drug abuse factsheet‖ to effectively inform policymakers about the economic impact of drug abuse
Provide incentives to establish effective regional treatment centers
Provide resources for more comprehensive drug testing activities (public employers, businesses, schools, etc)
This final report will hopefully serve as a guiding document for those involved in the epidemic of drug use in rural Arizona, with a special emphasis on Methamphetamine.
Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 6
Featured Speakers and Topic Updates
The 2008 forum began on Thursday with a series of speakers addressing the current state of topics from the 2007 forum as well as 2008's central topic of the Impact of Drug Abuse on Rural Arizona. An update and discussion of Affordable Housing in Rural Arizona was anchored by Fred Karnas, the director of The Arizona Department of Housing; Jean Richmond-Bowman from the Arizona Housing Commission; Helen Hudgens-Ferrel, Executive Director of Bothands; and Robert King of the Arizona Community Foundation. The update and discussion of Workforce Training in the state was presented by Jody Ryan, Director of Workforce Development at the Arizona Department of Commerce, and Bill Bolin, Director of the Arizona Department of Commerce's Rural Development Office. Joyce Hospodar, Senior Program Coordinator of the Rural Health Office at the University of Arizona's Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Health provided the update and discussion on the Recruitment and Retention of Health Care Workers. The 2008 Forum topic, The Impact of Drugs on Arizona's Rural Economy, was introduced and discussed at length by Leslie Bloom, CEO, and Colleen Pyra, Program Director, of the Arizona Affiliate of the Partnership for a Drug Free America. This discussion was continued on Friday morning with a presentation by Dr. Dawn Walker of Wilcox, who detailed the successful approach her community used to reduce methamphetamine abuse. Dr. Walker also provided the participants with valuable insight about the medical and social costs of methamphetamine along with prevention strategies.
Following Dr. Walker's presentation and the ensuing question and answer session, the participants separated into five discussion groups. The groups approached the discussion by first identifying risk factors and ill effects. They then discussed community assets and defined what they saw as best practices in the fight against drug abuse. Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 7
Challenges and Solutions - Economic Impact of Drug Abuse in Rural Arizona
Common Risk Factors
The five groups deliberated on the risk factors contributing to drug abuse in rural areas of Arizona. Group members identified the following common risk factors:
Perceived deficit in activities for children and youth in rural towns
Depressed economy and lack of quality jobs
Proximity to Mexico
Barriers to effective law enforcement, due to vast distances, lack of resources, and weak prosecution
Lack of awareness of the consequences of drug abuse among potential users and parents
Communities lack essential social fabric, resulting in gang activities and other social problems
Perceived Deficit in Activities for Youth Group members suggested that youth in their area perceive a lack of activities in which to participate, and may engage in drug use as an escape from boredom. Those who live in remote areas and lack transportation could be particularly susceptible to this problem. Cultural tolerance of drug use and the cultural norm of instant gratification were listed as possible causes for young people's preference of drug use over other activities. In addition, youth may be attracted to the ―cool factors‖ of specific drugs, such as weight loss, increased energy, street credit, and fitting in with other users. Economic Depression
Group participants suggested that the high rate of unemployment or underemployment found in some areas can lead to boredom and depression, which may in turn lead to drug abuse. Lack of legitimate economic opportunity also encourages participation in the lucrative trade of drug dealing. Parents who choose to stay in legitimate low wage jobs to support their family may need to Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 8
work several jobs, leaving their children unsupervised and more likely to experiment with drugs. Poor and sparsely populated communities are attractive to dealers and meth lab operators since rent is inexpensive, law enforcement is lax, and demand for the drug is high. Dealers and bootleggers who work with impoverished users are known for cut-throat business practices such as raising prices for addicts and accepting bartered items in lieu of cash when the addict's money runs out. These practices encourage a cycle of poverty and unemployment among drug users. Proximity to Mexican Border Recent law enforcement efforts and increased restrictions on the sale of meth components within Arizona have encouraged a shift of drug production to Mexico. Several communities located near the U.S./Mexican border have noted an increase in drugs smuggled into their communities. In addition, the legal age for alcohol consumption in Mexico is 18, which draws underage drinkers from Arizona border towns. Ineffective Law Enforcement Many barriers to effective law enforcement exist in Arizona communities, including vast distances, weak prosecution, and lack of resources. In vast, understaffed law enforcement zones, officers may be unable to execute adequate surveillance. Arrests cannot be made without proof of drug use or possession, which may be difficult or impossible. Finally, law enforcement efforts often lack the necessary funding to effectively stifle drug use and production. Lack of Public Awareness Ignorance and misperception are barriers to drug abuse prevention efforts in communities. Lack of public awareness also hinders the detection and eradication of drug abuse. In sparsely populated rural areas, drug users may be able to keep their activities concealed from other residents and law enforcement officers fairly easily. Residents who are under the mistaken impression that drug abuse is only a problem in metropolitan areas may be less likely to detect drug-related activities in their family or neighborhood. Youth may harbor misconceptions about drugs being able to help them loose weight or fit into a social circle, and remain uneducated about drugs' long-term negative consequences. Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 9
Lack of Social Fabric in Communities Individuals in contemporary society often experience a lower level of connection to others in their family and community. When family and community fail to provide individuals with social acceptance and stability, gangs and drug cliques become attractive alternatives. Decreasing levels of connectedness and accountability in communities also make drug abuse easier to hide and perpetuate. As a result, family and community activities are seen as unappealing, while drugs provide instant gratification. Whereas community residents used to know their neighbors and were aware of the activities of youth in the neighborhood, that is often not the case today. Decreased social cohesiveness in communities also makes anti-drug efforts more difficult to carry out, since the entire community must be involved in order to successfully eradicate drug abuse. Other Methamphetamine is particularly attractive to some youth because it is relatively inexpensive and easier to obtain than alcohol. It also provides an income for enterprising youth. Lighter legal penalties for youth compared to adult offenders may also serve to embolden young drug abusers. Group members also cited societal factors that contribute to drug abuse, such as parents who are not very involved in their children's development and the rise of gang culture in rural areas and on Native American reservations. Cultural factors noted include a society which values privacy over connectedness and immediate gratification over hard work with long-term rewards. Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 10
Impact of Drug Abuse on Business
The five groups deliberated on the impact of drug abuse on business in their communities. Group members identified the following key impacts:
Lack of applicants who successfully pass pre-employment drug screening
Prohibitive costs of drug screening for small businesses
Employee theft, high turnover, and absenteeism
Poor workplace productivity and quality
High safety risks in potentially hazardous occupations
Drug problems within families have a ripple effect in the workplace
Lack of applicants who successfully pass pre-employment drug screening Several businesses reported finding very low percentages of applicants who pass a drug test. When businesses are unable to find drug-free applicants, they are forced to lower their standards or recruit labor from other pools, such as recent high school graduates or workers from more distant communities. This may result in a lower-skilled workforce or additional transportation costs for the employer. Some businesses have even been forced to shut down due to a lack of available drug-free employees. Prohibitive costs of drug screening for small businesses Small businesses in particular suffer from the increased drug screening and insurance costs caused by increased drug abuse, since their expense per employee is much higher than that of a large business. Discussion participants noted that small businesses are often unable to afford drug screening, and may only become aware of drug abuse among employees through decreased work performance or legal charges brought against the employee. As a result, small businesses face great problems with employee retention due to drug abuse. Employee theft, high turnover, and absenteeism
When businesses are forced to hire employees without performing a pre-employment drug screening or when employees develop drug abuse problems after their hire, employers observe higher instances of employee theft, turnover, and absenteeism. Even drug users who are productive workers when they are Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 11
present might go on ―benders‖ and miss work for an entire week or more when the company needs them most. Poor workplace productivity and quality Employees who abuse drugs are routinely less productive at work. They often come to work under the influence of drugs, physically exhausted, emotionally disturbed, or lacking motivation. The quality of their performance as well as the volume of work they are able to accomplish suffers measurably. High safety risks in potentially hazardous occupations Employees working under the influence of drugs put themselves and others under great risk of physical injury or death when operating heavy machinery. Drug problems within families have a ripple effect in the workplace Employees who have drug problems in their families are often less productive at work due to stress and increased absenteeism. They often need to leave work suddenly or miss work in order to deal with the problems of their drug abusing family member(s). Youth with drug-abusing parents who often miss work are more likely to abuse drugs themselves and copy their parents' poor work habits. Other Even though youth are the primary focus of many methamphetamine prevention efforts, the average age for meth users is 32. Since the average user is in prime child-rearing years, the quality of parenting and domestic work may suffer as drastically as the quality of work which takes place outside of the home. When meth users fail at their jobs as parents, children are removed from the household and sent to adoption agencies. This process is quite costly for the county. In Pima County, 700 children are currently available for adoption, and drug use is the primary reason they have been removed from their homes. Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 12
What Can Be Done on a Community Level
Participants were asked to identify what can be done on a community level to promote community assets (families, faith based, schools, programs) to deter drug abuse in rural communities?
Form strong public/private sector coalitions within communities
Establish effective leadership for community-based prevention efforts—identify ―champions‖ within each community
Harness the energy of youth and students
Use the highly effective statewide coordinating organizations (Partnership for a Drug Free America, Arizona Methamphetamine Task Force, etc.)
Encourage effective interaction of existing prevention/ enforcement/ treatment organizations
Continue and increase effective local/regional/tribal/statewide prevention outreach and education activities (i.e., broadcast and print media, public presentations)
Form strong public/private sector coalitions within communities "Looking only to government may not be the best solution." Most groups noted that the skills of both private and public entities are necessary to successfully address the issue. The assets of the community exist both within and outside the government. As mentioned repeatedly during the forum's presentations and discussions as well as the background report, drug abuse is a financial drain on private firms through such issues as employee turnover and theft. Businesses should be cooperative if they realize that their best interest lies in the eradication of this problem. The public and private sectors have different skill sets; using every approach possible is the surest way to solve the problem. It will be necessary to define the common interests of the sectors.
The motivations and assets of the private sector will vary. For-profit businesses require a competent, drug-free workforce and have financial power over their employees. Nonprofits, churches, and educational institutions exist to better the community and provide essential services and outreach. As one attendee stated Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 13
in the post-forum questionnaire, ―Are we relying solely on government to solve our problems? That is a recipe for disaster.‖ Establish effective leadership for community-based prevention efforts—identify "champions" within each community Leadership is essential when bringing together the mix of service providers necessary to enact such extensive social action. Finding the right leadership within the community is necessary, and these people must be groomed to address the long-term problem. Leadership needs to be identified, and existing assets need to be outlined and involved. It has been repeated that leadership needs to be identified by those involved. From the identified leadership locals must appoint ―champions‖ who direct and mobilize the assets available and lead a strong task force to tackle the issue. The leader of each coalition depends on the community. It is important to accurately identify where the leadership lies. Leaders may be anywhere, from government to the business community to youth leadership. Picking the right person for the job is essential. Harness the energy of youth and students Youth summits were mentioned by several groups. A number of outgoing questionnaires lamented the lack of a youth voice in the forum's drug discussions. Young people are not only a significant portion of the users in many areas, they are also an essential part of the community and can provide insight into many of the factors that contribute to drug use. Student and youth leaders are needed in order to bring up the issues of this significant portion of stakeholders. The unique insights they have into the problem may hold the key to solving the issue for young people. Use the highly effective statewide coordinating organizations (i.e., Partnership for a Drug Free America, Arizona Methamphetamine Task Force, etc.)
Arizona is fortunate to have a number of talented statewide coordinating agencies. Participants discussed the need for outside experts to work directly with local systems and leadership in promoting the development of a sustainable, culturally appropriate plan for individual communities. Teams of experts can help provide direction and support to local leaders. These locals can then mobilize their assets, address relevant barriers and take action in consideration of the local culture and resources. Direction from such experts will ensure that Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 14
interventions are rooted in evidence-based practice and that locally crafted responses apply patterns that have proven successful. Local drug-abuse coalitions should use the services and knowledge of such groups as the Partnership for a Drug-Free America and the Arizona Methamphetamine Task Force. Effective interaction of existing prevention/enforcement/treatment organizations The existing groups should work together to create new strategies and emulate proven best practices. Simply enforcing the rules and policies already in place would lead to reductions in incidences of drug use. There is a general consensus that there are many rural community assets available to deter drug abuse. Every community has its unique mix of organizations already in place. Even very small communities use state and county law enforcement resources. Many are home to additional prevention and treatment organizations. Panel recommendations advocate the effective use of these currently available resources, both alone and in collaboration with each other. In terms of mobilizing these various entities, acknowledging the problem and assessing how each views it must come first. The chosen leadership must bear in mind the different viewpoints. Assets need to be identified and utilized, including medical facilities, schools, townspeople, churches, community groups, law enforcement, stay at home parents, social services, and young people. Continue and increase effective local/regional/tribal/statewide prevention outreach and education activities (i.e., broadcast and print media, public presentations) Education has proven effective in reducing meth use. The Montana Meth Project and successors such as the Arizona Meth Project and the National Indian Country Meth Initiative have worked to drastically reduce the number of people who use the drug. These projects use highly visible media to deliver messages about drug abuse. Most groups agreed that the use of such projects should continue and be more widespread. The people reached by these messages become educated about the consequences of drug use, the risks of addiction, and the effects of drug use on others. The effective continued use of a successful and proven program is something everyone can agree on. Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 15
Other The groups mentioned other community assets that didn't necessarily fit in the six major categories above. Reports stressed the fact that tailoring efforts to individual communities is essential. No two places will be identical, and what works in one place will not work exactly the same in another. Treatment should be both accessible and affordable for those who need it. This is especially important for those arrested and convicted, as the motivation to quit the drug will be high. Therefore, rehabilitation programs should be more widespread and available wherever the drug problem is found. Drug testing is often repeated as a necessary approach. Where testing is appropriate is often debated. Some believe testing should be applied to students, teachers, and all government workers. A group even recommended the testing of certain private employees. One group was concerned that local governments might not always be trusted to tackle problems like this. Because they often have competing obligations they may mishandle their duties. In this case other community assets might be more appropriate managers of drug policy. School districts and community centers were specifically mentioned.
Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 16
Effective Strategies for Rural Arizona
The final topic discussed by breakout groups focused on identifying the best practices to address and create momentum in the fight against substance abuse. These were identified as the best strategies for rural Arizona.
Develop effective community and regional coalitions throughout rural Arizona, including private sector, government, education, and faith-based organizations
Establish the ―Willcox Model‖ as a statewide standard for community action, with due consideration of local cultural characteristics
Limit access (statewide) to pseudoephedrine and ephedrine products
Develop a ―drug abuse factsheet‖ to effectively inform policy makers about the economic impact of drug abuse
Provide incentives to establish effective regional treatment centers
Provide resources for more comprehensive drug testing activities (businesses, schools, etc.)
Develop effective community and regional coalitions throughout rural Arizona, including private sector, government, education, and faith-based organizations The best anti-drug plans are supported by regional and community coalitions. These include teachers, school administrators, corporations, local businesses, and all possible public agencies. There is really no limit to the amount of people and organizations that should participate. Effective coalitions need structure and accountability, and they must be based on the uniqueness of specific areas. A community may need to use consensus or democratic models, depending on its cultural aspects. Leadership is as important as the participants. Although each area will require certain unique approaches, the available examples are many, and communities should use the work of others as a model. It is also important to use the resources that are available through the state and federal governments as well as non-governmental resources such as the Partnership for a Drug-Free America. Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 17
Establish the "Willcox Model" as a statewide standard for community action, with due consideration of local cultural characteristics The approach Willcox took to address its meth problem should serve as a model for the entire state. The city took many of the best practices available and integrated them into a comprehensive and effective plan. Willcox' Methamphetamine Task Force promoted education at every opportunity. It educated physicians about prevention and identifying meth-related illnesses. It used free advertising donated by the movie theatre, newspaper, and radio station, to reach people all over town. Medical and law-enforcement personnel presented educational forums to community organizations, local businesses and schools. Over-the-counter sales of pseudoephedrine were limited. Many businesses implemented random and pre-employment drug tests. Even the Willcox Unified School District implemented random testing of students. The Task Force facilitated treatment programs through the hospital and partnerships with larger cities. Limit access (statewide) to pseudoephedrine and ephedrine products Limiting access to pseudoephedrine has reduced the amount of locally-produced meth in communities across the country. Many states have laws requiring limited access, and some communities in Arizona do as well. Many groups suggested passing a state law to this effect. Develop a "drug abuse factsheet" to effectively inform policymakers about the economic impact of drug abuse Because education has proven to be an effective tool in this fight, the groups suggested creating a consistent fact sheet that can focus on different problems associated with drug abuse. While many policy makers may understand the personal toll the drug makes, they may be unaware of the economic impact. It has been proven that the effects of drug use go well beyond the negative personal impacts seen in most anti-drug campaigns. If more people were aware of the costs to government and private enterprises, there might be more community buy-in. Several groups suggested a significant increase in funding aimed at drug abuse education. Provide incentives to establish effective regional treatment centers
The success of treatment programs moved several groups to advocate for increased incentives for creating treatment centers. This is important in communities as well as the prisons, as drug addicts either check themselves into treatment or do so under the direction of law enforcement. Participants called for Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 18
an increase in funds and other resources offered to communities as an incentive to provide more treatment opportunities. Provide resources for more comprehensive drug testing activities (businesses, schools, etc.) Drug tests seem to have a dampening effect on drug use rates. Who and when to test is sometimes debated. Groups differed in who they believed should face drug test. Alternately, schools (employees and students), law enforcement, governmental institutions, and certain businesses were mentioned. Different communities will see different priorities and privacy issues. However, because of the proven success of testing programs, communities should be able to test when they decide to do so. Funding, expertise, and other resources should be offered to communities that choose to use drug tests. Other Other best practices participants noted are worth mentioning. One group emphasized that many cultures use certain drugs in cultural and religious ceremonies. These culturally-appropriate instances of drug use need to be respected and separated from the definition of drug abuse. Some suggested reforming legislation that deals with the complex and specific issues off meth use. Because the abuse of this drug leads to such severe consequences, it deserves special consideration in federal, state, and local law. This approach might go as far as using creative sentencing that implements education as well as punishment. Another suggestion was to tie sobriety in with eligibility for public resources and social privileges, such as the legal right to drive. Also discussed was the inclusion of ―non-traditional‖ participants in discussing solutions. Some people mentioned were homeowners, mail carriers, families of drug users, and the users themselves. Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 19
Nearly all of rural Arizona is touched somehow by the negative effects of illegal drug abuse. The problem crosses all lines, between personal, professional, and community life. The solution to the problem can be found in the many approaches that have been used already around the state and the country. By working together and using all the resources available, communities and the entire state can stop the growth of the drug problem and eventually eradicate it.
This can be accomplished by implementing a combination of incentives, punishments, and cultural pressures. If people living together can successfully apply these three tools, the negative results of drug abuse can be stamped out. Governments and organizations tasked with solving the problem must use their resources to provide the proper tools for locals to tackle their individual situations. The best practices are available to imitate. Strong, current methods can be encouraged and enhanced. With a concentrated, collaborative effort put into place, next year's Rural Policy Forum can include dozens of examples of small victories in Arizona's fight against rural drug abuse.
Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 20
Panel Chairs & Recorders
Mike Ortega
Corrie Griffith
Marty Laurel
Allie Stender-Mrazek
Eddie Browning
Eslir Musta
Carol Sanger
Jaina Moan
Palo Verde
Jane Whitmire
Stefanie Kunze Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 21
2008 Forum Participants
Mike Albertson Health Solutions and Market Intelligence Arthur Batala The Hopi Tribe Tom Belshe League of Arizona Cities and Towns Leslie Bloom Partnership for Drug Free America Larisa Bogardus Town of Springerville Connie Boggs Pinetop-Lakeside Main Street/Economic Development Bill Bolin Arizona Department of Commerce Leah Bornstein Coconino Community College Sheila Breen Grand Canyon Unified School District Eddie Browning USDA Rural Development Marc Chopin NAU - W.A. Franke College of Business Madeleine Coil United Way of Yuma County, Inc. Glenn Cummings Gila River Indian Community Aja DeZeeuw Town of Superior Teri Drew NACOG Suzanne Drum SEAGO Eric Duthie Town of Taylor Maria Echeveste Bank of America Rebecca Flanagan U.S. Housing and Urban Development Keith Fish Town of Taylor Wayne Fox WA Franke College of Business Laurie Frost Navajo County Richard Gaar SouthEastern Arizona Governments Organization Kathy Gallagher DNA Peoples Legal Services Mason Gerety NAU Kathleen Gomez Southeast Arizona Medical Center John Grahame Coconino County Sustainable Economic Development Initiative Judy Gresser Arizona Community Foundation L. H. Hamilton Cochise County Facilities Management Angie Harmon Freeport McMoRan Copper and Gold, Inc. Peg Harmon Catholic Community Services of Southern Arizona Leila Help-Tulley Navajo Nation Legislative Branch Mignonne Hollis Cochise College Bill Holmes Wells Fargo Todd D. Honyaoma, Sr. Hopi Tribe Joyce Hospodar Rural Health Office, UA MEZCOPH Chuck Hoyack Cochise College Helen Hudgens-Ferrell Bothands Matt Jewett Children's Action Alliance Fred Karnas Arizona Department of Housing Kelley Keffer-Marsh Mohave Community College Gary Kellogg Partnership For Economic Development Robert King Arizona Community Foundation Carl Kinney Arizona Housing Finance Authority Jeffrey Kros League of Arizona Cities and Towns Romalita Laban Walpai Housing Management Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 22
Marty Laurel Blue Cross Blue Shield of Arizona Connie Leto Citizens Against Substance Abuse Todd Madeksza County Supervisors Association of Arizona Gary Marks Prescott Valley Economic Development Foundation Chris Martin Southern Gila County EDC David Maurer Prescott Chamber of Commerce Cindy May APS Jeff McCormick Arizona Department of Commerce Mike McElmury APS Stephanie McKinney National Bank of Arizona Nancy McLain AZ House of Representatives Jen Miles Mohave County Randy Nelson AWC SBDC George Nerhan Town of Huachuca City Lloyd Notah, Jr. Office of Planning and Evaluation Sally Odette APS Michael Ortega Cochise County Dana Overson EDAC Corporation Rayna Palmer Apache Junction Chamber of Commerce Lynne Pancrazi Arizona State Legislation Julie Pastrick Flagstaff Chamber of Commerce Gaye Perry Central Arizona College Donna Phipps APS Barbara Poley The Hopi Foundation Sara Presler Mayor, City of Flagstaff Mike Proctor University of Arizona - CALS Colleen Pyra Partnership for a Drug Free America Renee RedDog Tohono O'odham Ki:Ki Association Bill Regner Clarkdale Planning & Zoning Daniel Rhodes Yuma Police Department Everett Rhodes Project CENTRL Jean Richmond-Bowman Toltec Strategies Carla Roberts ACF/AZRDC Chris Romiti Central Arizona College Casey Rooney City of Cottonwood Economic Development James Rounds Elliott D. Pollack Jody Ryan AZ Department of Commerce Carol Sanger Arizona Community Foundation Don Schoening Arizona Western College Lynne Skelton Town of Sahuarita Danny Smith City of Safford Gary Smith Unisource Energy Services Richard Smith Flagstaff Medical Center Ken Sweet NACOG Carl Taylor Coconino County Charlie Thompson Community Advisor Kathy Turner United Way of Northern Arizona Nils Urman City of Nogales Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 23
Ken Volz Payson Regional Economic Development Corporation Dawn Walker Northern Coconino Community Hospital Heather Walker HWC Ron Walker Mohave County Kim Winter Williams Chamber of Commerce Nancy Welch Morrison Institute for Public Policy, ASU Marshall Whitmire RCI Surveys, Inc. Annette Zinky Small Business Development Center
The Arizona Rural Development Council would like to thank Michael Lainoff, Thomas Combrink, Jeff Peterson, and Megan Stalheim of the Arizona Rural Policy Institute for developing the background and final reports for this forum.
The Board of Directors would like to also thank Arizona Public Service Company and Freeport-McMoran Copper and Gold, Inc., for the printing and mailing services they provided for the forum. Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 24
Ms. Debbie Broermann 2nd term, 2009
Grants Management Director HUD SW Office of Native American Programs
Mr. Eddie Browning 2nd term, 2010
State Director US Department of Agriculture – Rural Development
Mr. Bill Bolin 1st term, 2009
Rural Development Director Arizona Department of Commerce
Mr. Fred Karnas 1st term, 2010
Director Arizona Department of Housing
Term ends 2009
Ms. Jane Bristol 1st term, 2008
Economic Development Director
City of Prescott
Mr. Sheldon Miller 2nd term, 2010
Executive Director Graham County Chamber of Commerce
Mr. Mike Ortega, Chair 1st term, 2008
Cochise County Manager
BBooaarrdd ooff DDiirreeccttoorrss Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 25
Ms. Carla Roberts, Vice Chair 1st term, 2008
Vice President of Affiliates Arizona Community Foundation
Dr. Kathy Turner 1st term, 2010
Vice president of Community Initiatives
Ms. Angie Harmon Filling, 2009
Manager, Community Affairs Freeport McMoRan Copper and Gold, Inc
Mr. Marty Laurel Filling, 2008
Vice President for Community Relations Blue Cross Blue Shield of Arizona
Mr. Lee Randall Filling, 2008
General Manager
Apache Gold Casino Resort
Term ends 2010
Mr. Royce Jenkins 1st term 2008 Director, Office of Community Planning & Economic Development The Hopi Tribe
Mr. Derrick Watchman 2nd Term, 2009
Vice President
JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. Native American Banking
Arizona Rural Policy Forum 2008 – Final Report 26
Term ends 2009 Ms. Cathy Connolly 1st term, 2009 Ms. Shawn Dralle 1st term, 2010 Managing Director RBC Capital Markets Mr. Wayne Fox, Treasurer 2nd term, 2010 Assistant Dean – College of Business Administration Northern Arizona University
Mr. Michael Proctor, Secretary 1st term, 2008
Assistant Dean College of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Arizona
COGs: Advisory
Mr. Rich Gaar
Executive Director SouthEastern Arizona Government Organization (SEAGO)
Mr. Richard Kuczek
Director Western Arizona Economic Development District (WAEDD)
Mr. Craig Ringer
Deputy Director Central Arizona Association of Governments (CAAG)
Ms. Teri Drew
Regional Director Northern Arizona Council of Governments
Ms. Pat Schroeder, CED Kimberly Perez
Executive Director HomeTown Competitiveness Coordinator
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15 Recipes That Will Make Your House Smell Delicious!
Recipe Roundup
Cooking isn't only about the food, or the eating, or the pleasure of the table. It's also about the smells! Certain foods offer up delicious aromas that can make your whole house smell amazing. Last weekend we asked our Twitter friends to tell us which recipes they love to smell cooking. There were some nearly universal favorites — fresh bread, beef stew, cinnamon rolls, anything with onions. Here's a look at 15 of these favorites from our own archives — these are comfort foods for winter that will make your house feel and smell homey and cozy.
• 1 Apple Yogurt Cake with a Cinnamon-Sugar Streak
The cinnamon in this ultra-easy and quick cake puts it in another zone — it smells intoxicating.
• 2 IKEA-Inspired Cinnamon Rolls
If anyone has the art of enticing aroma nailed, it's IKEA, drawing us through their stores with the promise of cinnamon buns. Recreate that irresistible scent yourself!
• 3 How To Make No-Knead Bread
Is there anything more delicious than the smell of hot, fresh, homemade bread? Make it the easy way with this no-knead recipe.
• 4 How To Make Basic Banana Bread
Banana bread has it's own special sweetness in its fragrance as it bakes — so good.
• 5 How To Make Chocolate Chip Cookies (Without a Mixer)
But we think that chocolate chip cookies may still win out over the rest of these baked goods for sheer irrestible aroma. Resistance is futile!
• 6 Baked Pumpkin Steel Cut Oatmeal
This morning dish bakes in the oven and fills your house with the smell of pumpkin and spices.
• 7 Old-Fashioned Pecan Pie: A Corn Syrup-Free Recipe
Nutty, sweet, and browned — this pie smells like you just walked into an awesome bakery.
• 8 How To Make French Onion Soup at Home
Onions caramelizing in butter may be the most powerfully delicious scent you can introduce to your kitchen. This soup uses a huge mess of caramelized onions, steeped in rich broth.
• 9 Sausage and Fennel Ragu
Building up a good ragu from scratch, cooking onions and garlic and sausage all together, will make your house smell amazing for days.
• 10 Beef and Barley Stew with Mushrooms
The quintessential smell of winter comfort food.
• 11 Friday Night Slow-Cooked Brisket and Onions
Your slow cooker can make your house smell awesome too — all night long! This slow-cooked brisket is a good make-ahead meal that you can freeze for later.
• 12 How to Make (and Freeze!) Individual Chicken Pot Pies
Chicken pot pie was mentioned by some Twitter friends; how can you resist that aroma of buttery crust and creamy chicken filling?
• 13 Potato and Cauliflower Curry
Any curry will smell amazing as you build flavor with ginger, garlic, and onion — and this vegetarian curry is a great weeknight meal.
• 14 Coconut Milk Chicken
This coconut milk braised chicken has a lot of good flavors to make your kitchen smell delicious: Lemongrass, cilantro, garlic, and ginger.
• 15 Easy Sausage and Peppers
Sausage and peppers, a homey, delicious classic!
What are your favorite dishes to make your house smell delicious?
Related: 10 Things that Will Make Your House Smell Amazing
(Images: See linked recipes for full image credits)
7 Comments
I think anything that has a base of garlic and onions sauteeing on the stovetop makes the house smell lovely. Also a personal favorite of mine is rosemary and sage-usually in a roast chicken-that bring to mind Thanksgiving and all the wonderful memories growing up that come with that.
On the sweet side: anything with molasses makes the house smell heavenly but I certainly wouldn't turn my nose up at any home baked good.
I made a chocolate cake the other day, and put it in my car to bring to a friend's house still warm, and it made the most amazing car air freshener!
In the non-sweet arena, roasting chicken or turkey never fails to make the house smell fabulous.
Thank you! I'm pregnant (so I can smell EVERYTHING) and decided to make worcestershire sauce today (stinky). I need this.
Wasn't it Julia Child who said to put an onion in the oven to make your house smell like you've been cooking all day?
One word. Bacon.
@evatoad Haha, I love that!
I have a recipe for pot roast named "Lisa's Lazy Day Pot Roast." It's chock full of rosemary, onions & garlic,. Makes the house smell AWESOME!

subset: commoncrawl


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Alexander Kristoff finished sixth for the BMC Racing Team Tuesday at the Tour de Pologne as race leader Marcel Kittel (Skil-Shimano) won his third straight stage.
Kristoff Sixth Overall
Kristoff said he felt "just OK" after being involved in a crash Monday that knocked teammate Alessandro Ballan out of the race. "Danilo (Wyss) did a heck of a job for me, but my legs were missing some power," he said. "It's disappointing to not get a better result with the position I had with a kilometer to go." Kristoff is still the BMC Racing Team's best-placed rider – sixth overall, 24 seconds behind Kittel – as the race transitions from sprint stages to more challenging terrain. "The race for the GC (general classification) really starts tomorrow," BMC Racing Team Assistant Director Michael Sayers. "Mauro Santambrogio is far and away our guy now that we don't have Ballan."


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4th of July Promotional Items
The 4th of July, a Celebration of Freedom and IndependenceToday we commemorate the signing of the Declaration of Independence. The day a rebellion cast off the shackles of oppression to become it's own country. The United States is still a relatively young country, but we have accomplished much in the last 200+ years. Whether you attend a fireworks display, cheer on a parade, or invite friends and family over for hot dogs and apple pie, remember to rejoice in the hard-won freedom.
Host an Independence Day Free-for-All!If you are organizing a 4th of July event or fundraiser in your community Inkhead can help. From plates and cups for barbeque fundraisers, to hand fans that keep your guest cool while providing them a program of events, we have you covered. Inkhead has everything you need to make your event memorable and successful. We also have a wide selection of products to assist with block parties or parades.
Most people will celebrate Independence Day outside enjoying the summer sun. Remember though, summer has only just begun. With some thoughtful product choices you have almost two more months to keep your message on peoples minds. Some examples include:
- T-Shirts
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By combining your message with useful everyday objects you can help make your event last all summer for years to come. The more your target audience like the item, the more others will see your message.
Popular Fourth of July Categories
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Cadel Evans of the BMC Racing Team finished fourth Tuesday at the USA Pro Cycling Challenge as Levi Leipheimer (Team RadioShack) won the stage and took the overall race lead.
Altitude Concerns
When Leipheimer put in an attack on the long, uphill drag to the finish, Evans tried to follow. But the Tour de France champion said he felt the effects of racing at altitude and having only one week to acclimate. "Today, the strongest guy won," Evans said. "Levi sat quiet and waited and waited and then put it all on the line in the last 500 meters. Chapeau to him. He was well-prepared and is riding well. The guys who are well-adapted and acclimatized to the altitude are always going to be at an advantage. I'm just sort of taking it as it comes." Evans sits fourth overall, 17 seconds behind Leipheimer, in the overall standings.
Queen Stage Wednesday
Evans said he hopes to recover better on the eve of Wednesday's queen stage, a 209.8-kilometer race that summits a pair of 3,700-meter peaks. "My recovery has been pretty terrible," the former world road champion said. "I came here with big ambitions, but not great expectations. There are guys who had time to prepare for it well, or recover from the Tour, or they didn't ride the Tour. So we'll see what we can do against them." The BMC Racing Team has three other riders in the top 10 besides Evans: Brent Bookwalter (sixth, at 34 seconds), George Hincapie (eighth, at 37 seconds) and Jeff Louder (10th, at 41 seconds).


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Historically, Cushing, Oklahoma has served as the midcontinent hub for distribution of both crude oil imported to the U.S. Gulf Coast and West Texas crude oil production. Pipelines were constructed and configured to move crude oil north to Cushing, and then on to refineries throughout the Midwest. However, as crude oil production has grown in the U.S. midcontinent and Canada, the Cushing hub has become over-supplied. As a result, market participants increasingly have been looking to relieve bottlenecks at Cushing by reconfiguring and expanding pipeline infrastructure to move crude oil south to the Gulf Coast refineries (Figure 1). Over the next two years, planned additions to pipeline takeaway capacity should be sufficient to ameliorate the current imbalance at the Cushing hub. Part of a supplement to the Energy Information Administration's (EIA) February Short-Term Energy Outlook focuses on this changing infrastructure.
Figure 1. Pipeline infrastructure expansions in the Gulf Coast
Over the last three years, pipeline capacity for delivering crude oil to Cushing has increased by about 815,000 barrels per day (bbl/d). Key to this increase was the construction of the 590,000 bbl/d TransCanada Keystone pipeline that originates in Hardisty, Alberta, Canada. Phase 1 of the Keystone pipeline from Hardisty to Steele City, Nebraska, and on to Patoka, Illinois, was completed in June 2010. Phase 2 of the Keystone pipeline, which extended the pipeline from Steele City to Cushing, was completed in February 2011.
With added flows into Cushing from the north and west, and limited pipeline capacity to move crude from Cushing to Gulf Coast refineries, West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil has traded at a substantial discount to crudes such as Louisiana Light Sweet and Brent. Until mid-2012, only one pipeline delivered crude oil from the Midwest to the Gulf Coast. The 96,000-bbl/d ExxonMobil Pegasus pipeline between Patoka, Illinois and Nederland, Texas, which originally shipped crude oil northward, was reversed in 2006 in order to ship Canadian heavy oil to the Gulf Coast. In May 2012, the 150,000-bbl/d Seaway pipeline, which also shipped crude north to Cushing from the Gulf Coast, was also reversed in order to move crude oil to the higher-priced Gulf Coast market. Seaway capacity was expanded by an additional 250,000 bbl/d in early 2013. Further capacity expansions from Cushing to the Gulf Coast are planned, including a twinning of the Seaway pipeline that is expected online in early 2014, increasing its total capacity to 850,000 bbl/d, and the construction of TransCanada's 700,000-bbl/d Gulf Coast Express project that is expected online in fourth quarter 2013.


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Members of the sheriff's department's media relations unit will follow two deputies Saturday night and tweet updates, photographs and videos throughout the shift.
The purpose of the ride-along is to give people a better understanding of what a deputy sheriff does during a shift, according to Sheriff Adam Christianson.
The Stanislaus County Sheriff's Department's Twitter profile has more than 2,600 followers, and the department's Facebook page has more than 600 "likes."
Those with Twitter accounts can become followers at twitter.com/stansheriff, and Facebook users can "like" the department at facebook.com/stansheriff.


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'11 Threshold Kit................$ 175.00 (SOLD)
RH, 40-50, 25" to 30" draw, MPro cam, Next Camo
Kit includes Mantis rest, Striker sight, 6 arrow quiver, & module set.
Still in plastic wrapper and box
'11 Exile..................$275.00 (SOLD)
RH, 45-60, 25-30", Accu-Trak cam w/ modules, Next Camo
'11 Saber.................$175.00 (SOLD)
RH, 45-60, 25-30", Accu-Trak cam w/modules, Next Camo
'11 Rytera Seeker 365........$400.00
RH, 45-60, Highly adjustable for brace height, drawlength, etc. (see Rytera website for specs), Next G1 camo
Bow used as a demo to show dealers, but shot very little (approx. 100 shots)
'12 Scepter V................$515.00.......................... .................................................. .............SOLD (john), shipped 7/23, delivered 7/25 intact
RH, 45-60, 26.5-32.25", Nitro 1.5 cams, Crimson Red riser w/Carbon black limbs
I set this bow up to check draw length specs, but did not shoot it. Put back in box in original wrapper.
'12 Onza III..................$385.00..............SOLD (Jeff)
RH, 45-60, 27.5-30.5", Nitro 2.0 cams, Next Camo..............
'12 Bengal Pro...............$315.00
RH, 55-70, 24-30.5", Fury XT cam, Next camo............. SOLD (mark), shipped 7/31
'12 Pantera...............$325.00.............SOLD oending payment (Ryan)
RH, 55-70, 25'-30", Fury XT cam, Skulz Camo, Black carbon limbs
'12 Cougar..............$385.00......................S OLD (tim), shipped 7/31
RH, 45-60, 25.5-30.5", Nitro 2.0 cams, Next Camo
Only one bow each. When thy are sold they are done.
Most bows are new in that they have never been shot. Some have a rest mounted and nocking point used for demo purposes. All have Hammerhead strings. Some may have some minor scuffs or dings to the finish, but minor (ask). For pictures and more accurate specs refer to Martin's website. Any and all warranrties will be as per Martin Archery.
All prices quoted include shipping to the lower USA via UPS or FedEx (your choice). Payment to be made by postal money order or personal check (time to clear w/ bank). I can furnish reference if necessary. Any further questions you can PM me here on this site.
'11 Limbsaver Proton w/Limbsaver Drop Away rest installed.......$225.00....................SOLD/payment received and bow shipped 8/7/12
RH, 29", 60#, Next G1 camo, Winner's Choice strings/cables, 330 fps IBO, 32" a2a, 7" brace height
View bow and specs @ www.limbsaver.com


text:
vitamin e shaving cream.
0.5% Vitamin E. Cooling Menthol.
Amino Acid Hydration Technology - FC-103-04.
4fl.oz. / 115ml
Our hydrating shaving cream synthesizes natural vitamin e and amino acid proteins to effectively prepare and ph balance all skin types for a smooth, non-irritating shave. This soothing formula cools and protects without clogging razor; rinsing clean without residue, drying, or stripping. An appropriate treatment for the most sensitive of skin. Natural fragrance and color. Easily integrated into daily maintenance and prevention regimen.
select ingredients.( more )
Squalene, vitamin e, and shea butter moisturize. Glycerin and sodium pca hydrate. Chamomile and allantoin soothe and calm. Menthol cools and protects.
full ingredient list.
Water (aqua), Stearic Acid, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, Glycerin, Pentylene Glycol, Petrolatum, Caprylic/capric Triglyceride, Squalane, Butyrospermum Parkii (shea Butter), Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Peg-100 Stearate, Glyceryl Stearate, Cetyl Alcohol, Menthyl Lactate, Sodium Pca, Tocopheryl Acetate, Cholesterol, Allantoin, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Phenoxyethanol (bronidox 1160), Menthol, Xanthan Gum, Benzyl Alcohol, Tocopherol, Disodium Edta, Salicylic Acid, Benzoic Acid, Dehydroacetic Acid, Benzethonium Chloride, Chamomilla Recutita (matricaria) Flower Extract, Methylchloroisothiazolinone, Methylisothiazolinone, Betaine, Sorbitol, Proline, Serine, Glycine, Glutamic Acid, Lysine, Alanine, Arginine, Threonine.
After cleansing, smooth a thin layer onto damp skin; rinse razor after each stroke to best avoid clogging. Rinse skin clean with water.
Use in conjunction with our Vitamin E face moisturizer for after shaving to face, Vitamin B5 Moisturizer for after shaving of legs, and with Jojoba Face Scrub or Peppermint Body Scrub for ingrown hair.


text:
Thursday, 28 April 2011
Creag an Tuirc- Clan MacLaren
This view from Creag an Tuirc is of Loch Voil in Balquhidder, long associated with Rob Roy and the clan MacGregor, however the clan MacLaren were the original occupants. In 1558 under continuous pressure from the Campbells,the MacGregors moved south into Balquhidder where they massacred 18 MacLaren families and took their farms. There remained an uneasy relationship between the two clans for the next 200 years. The meeting place,slogan and motto of the MacLarens is called Creag an Tuirc- The Boar's Rock. This is situated behind Balquhidder kirk,a short steep climb up Kirkton glen.
The clan MacLaren hold an annual gathering at the Lochearnhead Highland Games due this year on 23 July.
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I have a Sony A300 which at 10 MP is fine as I don't enlarge to more than about 22x15cm usually. A lot of what I shoot is in manual mode. What I am getting at is that I don't have much need for the fancy metering and high MP count of the higher end cameras although this may just be my ignorance about them. However, my usual lens is an old Minolta 35-70 (£50 from ebay) and this has limitations. I popped into a Sony store one day to have a look at a 16-80 for about £500 and a Vario Sonnar for about £1200. The salesperson was reluctant to humour me in these choices and encouraged me to buy something like an A65 otherwise I would not get the full benefit of an expensive lens. I understand that they obviously want to push their latest cameras but is there much truth in the idea that you have to have a fancy new body to take advantage of a more high quality lens? I am looking for this zoom range and the reasons for getting a better lens are: better clarity, reduced spherical and chromatic aberration, reduced lens flare and speed of focus.
I believe this principle should be the same for all makes - not just Sony so I am not looking for advice only from Sony users.
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With plenty of hotels, convention space and meeting facilities, Detroit has the resources you need for your next meeting or event. Motor City offers endless sights and activities, from theater and opera, to professional sports and street festivals. Stroll many lush, scenic parks in the city and take in views of its stunning architecture. Historic Belle Isle Park features a zoo, conservatory and aquarium.
Head to the Detroit's Northwest Side for some of the city's best dining, and Rivertown district for vibrant nightlife filled with music and clubs. Endless excitement and easy accessibility make Detroit a great destination for your corporate convention, reunion, anniversary or bachelor party. Visit Detroit today.
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In the deal, approved during a special meeting, The Surland Cos. agreed to give the city $10 million and 16 acres to build a swim center. In exchange, the city will give the Tracy-based developer priority rights to build between 1,000 and 2,250 homes during a 25-year span at Ellis, a tract of 321 acres outside city limits on the northwest corner of Corral Hollow and Linne roads.
Surland will be exempt from about $8.1 million in fees related to water supply and sewage conveyance and treatment.
Les Serpa, president of Surland and a Tracy native, called it the "most lucrative" developer agreement the city has approved. While his company will reap the deal's financial benefits over 10 or 15 years, Serpa said Tracy will get the money for the swim center much sooner.
According to the agreement, $2 million is due to the city within 60 days of when the Local Agency Formation Commission annexes Ellis into Tracy's city limits. The remainder is due within three years of the first payment.
The accord also stipulates that the city must designate a 16-acre site for the swim center within Ellis or forfeit the rights to the land.
The accord was modeled on an agreement passed by the City Council in 2008 but found illegal by Superior Court Judge Lesley Holland in 2011. That ruling is under appeal, though the city and Serpa hope the agreement approved Tuesday addresses Holland's objections to the original deal.
City Development and Engineering Services Director Andrew Malik said the exchange of infrastructure money for upfront funds was a way to "leverage" a city asset into a desired amenity — namely, the swim center.
Since the 2008 developer agreement was approved, land values plummeted and a Tracy requirement to include recycled water in future development changed the bottom line for the project, Malik and Serpa said separately after the meeting.
Serpa said cost of the recycled water requirement alone was "equal to 100 percent of the reimbursements we're getting." That, he said, made the balance "very important."
Malik said the deal gives Surland free rights to existing infrastructure only. The cost of any future infrastructure required by Ellis would be paid fully by the developer, Malik said.
During public comment, a stream of people — including children — urged the council to pass the agreement and secure what they said is a much-needed swim center.
Seven-year-old Logan Edwards was first to speak. The two-year veteran of the Ellis Aquatics swim club — which is not affiliated with the development — said a competitive swimming pool would help him reach his dream.
"I hope to one day earn a college swimming scholarship," Logan read from a piece of paper. "That is why it is important to me, my fellow teammates and rest of Tracy that Ellis swim center can be approved."
He and many others were met with cheers and applause from a council chambers packed with parents and children, many of whom wore swim club apparel. At least one child waved a sign that read, "Build us a swim center."
But the support was not unanimous.
Several people questioned the wisdom of pursuing the developer agreement, including Mark Connolly, attorney for Tracy Alliance for a Quality Community, the group that challenged the 2008 accord.
Connolly successfully argued before Judge Holland that the 2008 agreement violated several aspects of development law. He said Tuesday that the agreement before the council was a "terrible deal" that was "worse than the original development agreement proposed."
Celeste Garamendi, Connolly's wife, said the deal continued the types of decisions that starved the city of recreation resources and led to a swim center drive in the first place.
"We're in the situation that we are tonight … because of the failed policy and the failed decision around residential development that's occurred over the last 15 years," she said.
Serpa stood by the project.
"It's a very good plan, and if there's technical issues that need to be addressed, we will do that," he said following the meeting.
Councilwoman Nancy Young, after casting her first votes regarding the development, said she approved the developer agreement for more than just the swim center.
"I think the whole design is just really innovative and progressive," she said. "It's part of the future."
The future could begin as early as 2014 if there are no legal challenges to the developer agreement.
Serpa said that annexation should be finalized this year and that construction will begin in 2014. In three years, he said, the swim center should be open to Tracy residents.
• Contact Jon Mendelson at 830-4231 or email@example.com.
At a glance
WHAT: Tracy City Council special meeting
WHEN: 6 p.m. Tuesday, Jan. 22
WHERE: City Hall, 333 Civic Center Plaza
DETAILS: Mayor Brent Ives, Mayor Pro Tem Michael Maciel, and council members Charles Manne, Robert Rickman and Nancy Young were present.


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Vast, vital and vulnerable is the Ogallala Aquifer. Lying beneath eight U.S. states and encompassing more than 170,000 acres, the Ogallala is a sizeable and important water resource that has brought life to Kansans in both rural and urban areas. Not only is the aquifer used for production agriculture, but it also provides water for people's homes and for other municipal uses. It's no secret, however, that the Ogallala has been overused, and its depletion could pose a problem for everyone and the Kansas economy.
David Steward, a professor of civil engineering at Kansas State University, and a team of researchers recently completed a study that examined the future of the Ogallala Aquifer. The study found that if current usage of the aquifer continues, as much as 69 percent of it would be depleted by 2060.
Usage is exceeding the recharge of the aquifer, which is leading to its depletion. Steward said that natural recharge of the aquifer is currently supplying 15 percent of the pumping that's going into the wells.
"What happens is that as you pump the well, the groundwater goes down, and the ability to extract the water decreases," Steward said.
The Kansas Water Appropriation Act protects both the people's right to use Kansas water and the state's supplies of groundwater and surface water for the future. The law is administered by the Kansas Department of Agriculture's (KDA) Division of Water Resources, which issues permits for water usage. Every well used for irrigation, for more than two acres, or for municipal use must have a water permit. According to the KDA, water used solely for domestic purposes—for households, watering livestock on pasture, or watering up to two acres of your lawn or garden—does not need a permit.
Steward said that currently there are about 66,000 water permit numbers in Kansas.
"Every one of those files has a water use report every year," Steward said. "Most of those are metered, at least in western Kansas. It's very accurate water data we have in terms of water use."
The water data helps monitor use of the aquifer, which is what Steward used in his research to examine the changes in elevation levels of the wells.
Some western Kansas farmers have taken measures to reduce water use to extend the life of the aquifer, said Scott Staggenborg, K-State adjunct professor of agronomy. But, it will take the efforts of all farmers and people living in cities to ensure the resource is available in the future. It's possible that the aquifer could be pumped to the point that there's no water available, which has happened in areas of the Texas High Plains and in northwest Kansas.


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Cofee...you had me at hello
by Adam Elliot
posted Mar 26 2013 7:37AM
Running out the door today, I unfortunately did't have time to fuel up on that sweet nectar of the morning gods; coffee. Hopefully you're not in the same dire situation as me today. I think the solution is just to power through, because the brine they serve here at work is a poor replacement.
Have no fear, I'll keep my head up and persevre, but I did find these coffee myths somehow helped distract me for a few minutes. These come from health writer on Yahoo.com, so take them with a grain of salt (or a two lumps of sugar if you prefer.)
Myth #1: Keeping Coffee In Your Freezer Keeps It Fresher
When you freeze or refrigerate your coffee you are doing the worst thing possible for the flavor of your beans. Coffee is the ultimate aroma absorber and despite your best zip locking, the smells in your fridge or freezer will be absorbed by your coffee. Onion flavored coffee doesn't taste that great! Coffee also absorbes moisture when it's in the fridge/freezer. No matter how well it's sealed the coffee will pick up moisture, especially coming in and out of your freezer. For best results keep your coffee in a sealed container out of direct sunlight.
Myth #2: Reheating Coffee In The Microwave Ain't So Bad
One of the cardinal sins in the Kingdom of Coffeedom is reheating coffee in the microwave, and here's why. Aroma and flavor are destroyed by the chemical breakdown in the cooling and re-heating process. There will be an increase in acidity in your coffee cup and you might taste the oils in the coffee that turn rancid if left cold long enough.
Myth #3: The Stronger The Coffee, The Better It Tastes
Just as in math, architecture and art there is a Golden Ratio for making the perfect cup of coffee. Use one tablespoon of coffee for each cup of coffee you are brewing. Great art, like great coffee, demands that some rules are meant to be broken... but starting with this ratio will help you on your way to making a great cup.
Myth #4: Coffee Is Bad For Your Health
This myth is debated, researched and argued by coffee professionals and nutritionists. Read this Huffington Post article to weigh in on the debate. There is ample evidence for and against the benefits of coffee, but coffee has been linked to the reduced likely hood of type 2 diabetes, Parkinson's disease, dementia and has been known to reduce the likelihood of skin and prostate cancer as well as strokes. Let's drink to that!
Myth #5: Espresso Has More Caffeine Than Filter Coffee
For most parents, a morning espresso or cup of coffee is a life saver. So which one has more caffeine? Average espresso shots have between 30 and 50 mg of caffeine while a 12 oz cup of coffee can have as much as 200 mg of caffeine! The reason is the brew time. When making an espresso, the water is in contact with the ground coffee for 20-30 seconds, but when drip coffee is brewing the water is in contact with the coffee for about four minutes, which means it has time to absorb much more caffeine.
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- Antique Jewelry
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Wondrous Antique Silver Perfume Flaçon
A veritable piece of sculptural art in the form of a perfume bottle has a dramatic and baroque presence. Magnificently crafted of sterling silver and vermeil, the prodigious perfume flagon pendant has the shape of a three-dimensional cone.
With a configuration in the style of an ancient amphora. the sterling silver body has gently tapering sides and concludes with pointed vermeil apex dart element. The surface is hand engraved with two sets of initials – "S&S&T" and "HH&P" amidst a garden of trailing vines and foliate motifs. An ornate textured vermeil top is beautifully appointed with appliqués of textured ivy leaves and smooth vines which join length of sterling chain to a vermeil finger ring.
Two removable vermeil spouts are topped with sterling stoppers attached to a rounded dart-shaped filial with vermeil link chain. All original, this Victorian piece is the type of jewel meant to be past on to future generations.
Date: Circa 1890.
Measurements: Pendant with chain is 7-3/4 inches (19.8 cm) in length; pendant only is 3-3/4 inches (9.7 cm) in length by 1-3/4 inches (4.6 cm) in width. Chain is 4 inches (10.5 cm) in total length. Weight of 68.4 grams (44.0 dwt).
Hallmarks: "Sterling".
Condition: Excellent.
Origin: Possibly American.
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Our shop has one Martin bow left and it's left handed, a 2008 Leopard. Old new bow, never sold, never set up or shot. $160.00 buys it, includes shipping. Manual and mods and all.
Offer me $140.00 TYD. Boss wants to sell
Also have 2 white Martin t-shirts, $6.00 Size large.
Also have some Martin window decals - Make offer per decal. Have no idea what they are worth. $? plus have to have enough for envelope and stamp.
At shop only on Fridays and Sundays. Shop closing.
Have some arrows, but forgot list. Blanks with nocks, collars and inserts. At least 2 dozen CE 250 Maxima Hunters (camo), $100 per dozen plus $6.00 shipping. At least 2 dozen CE Terminators (camo), $75 plus $6.00 shipping.
Bunch of odds and ends later.... Knives, rests, fishing heads, etc.
Will take pic if wanted......


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White House Names Google's Megan Smith as U.S. CTO
By James Temple
Sep 4, 2014, 8:36 AM PDT
First Impressions: Google Inbox
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About the Rising Stars Awards
Based on the success of the Automotive News Europe EUROSTARS event honoring the leaders of the automotive industry, it was decided to implement a new yearly program honoring those automotive executives in middle and upper management whom are likely to become the 'Eurostars' of tomorrow, together with the companies who are nurturing that future leadership talent. These 'Rising Stars' are already setting the agenda for the industry of tomorrow and stand to reap the biggest rewards over the next decade.
In 2014 the Rising Stars came from all disciplines - designers, engineers, financial bosses, purchasing and product planners - and from companies across Europe, including Fiat, Ford, Porsche, Nissan and Volkswagen just to name a few.
Who can become a Rising Star?
A 'Rising Star' is an automotive executive with a pan-European profile, distinguished for having driven change, fostered innovation and made courageous decisions. To qualify, candidates should have a minimum of 10 years of work experience, have multiple language skills, be 45 years or younger. We accepted nominations from carmakers, suppliers, automotive service providers and retail/aftersales businesses. A candidate may have nominated him/herself or have been nominated by a colleague, manager or mentor via this website or directly via the Automotive News Europe editorial team.
You may nominate more than one candidate.
Nominations are now open for the 2015 award. Click here to nominate your candidate today.
We accept nominations from carmakers, suppliers, automotive service providers and retail/after-sales businesses. You may nominate yourself or a colleague.
The jury selects the finalists and the Rising Stars in the following categories
- Aftersales & Service
- Communications
- Design
- Engineering
- Finance
- General management
- Human resources
- Information technology
- Manufacturing
- Marketing
- Purchasing
- Sales