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About This Booklet
This National Cancer Institute (NCI) booklet (NIH Publication No. 10-1562) is about cancer that starts in the uterus. Other names for this disease are uterine cancer and endometrial cancer.
In 2013, about 50,000 women will be diagnosed with uterine cancer in the United States. Most will be over 55 years old.
Learning about medical care for uterine cancer can help you take an active part in making choices about your care. This booklet tells about:
- Diagnosis and staging
- Treatment and follow-up care
- Taking part in research studies
This booklet has lists of questions that you may want to ask your doctor. Many people find it helpful to take a list of questions to a doctor visit. To help remember what your doctor says, you can take notes. You may also want to have a family member or friend go with you when you talk with the doctor—to take notes, ask questions, or just listen.
This booklet is not about uterine sarcoma. Uterine sarcoma is a different type of cancer. Women with sarcoma have different treatment options. For the latest information about uterine sarcoma, visit NCI's Web site at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/uterinesarcoma or contact NCI's Cancer Information Service. Call 1–800–4–CANCER (1–800–422–6237). Or chat using LiveHelp, NCI's instant messaging service.
Also, this booklet is not about cancer that begins in the cervix. For the latest information about cervical cancer, visit NCI's Web site at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/cervical or contact NCI's Cancer Information Service.
The Uterus
The uterus is part of a woman's reproductive system. It's a hollow organ in the pelvis.
The uterus has three parts:
- Top: The top (fundus) of your uterus is shaped like a dome. From the top of your uterus, the fallopian tubes extend to the ovaries.
- Middle: The middle part of your uterus is the body (corpus). This is where a baby grows.
- Bottom: The narrow, lower part of your uterus is the cervix. The cervix is a passageway to the vagina.
The wall of the uterus has two layers of tissue:
- Inner layer: The inner layer (lining) of the uterus is the endometrium. In women of childbearing age, the lining grows and thickens each month to prepare for pregnancy. If a woman does not become pregnant, the thick, bloody lining flows out of the body. This flow is a menstrual period.
- Outer layer: The outer layer of muscle tissue is the myometrium.
This picture shows the uterus and nearby tissues.
Cancer Cells
Cancer begins in cells, the building blocks that make up tissues. Tissues make up the uterus and the other organs of the body.
Normal cells grow and divide to form new cells as the body needs them. When normal cells grow old or get damaged, they die, and new cells take their place.
Sometimes, this process goes wrong. New cells form when the body doesn't need them, and old or damaged cells don't die as they should. The buildup of extra cells often forms a mass of tissue called a growth or tumor.
Tumors in the uterus can be benign (not cancer) or malignant (cancer). Benign tumors are not as harmful as malignant tumors:
- Benign tumors (such as a fibroid, a polyp, or endometriosis):
- are usually not a threat to life
- can be treated or removed and usually don't grow back
- don't invade the tissues around them
- don't spread to other parts of the body
- Malignant growths:
- may be a threat to life
- usually can be removed but can grow back
- can invade and damage nearby tissues and organs (such as the vagina)
- can spread to other parts of the body
Risk Factors
When you get a diagnosis of uterine cancer, it's natural to wonder what may have caused the disease. Doctors usually can't explain why one woman gets uterine cancer and another doesn't.
However, we do know that women with certain risk factors may be more likely than others to develop uterine cancer. A risk factor is something that may increase the chance of getting a disease.
Studies have found the following risk factors for uterine cancer:
- Abnormal overgrowth of the endometrium (endometrial hyperplasia): An abnormal increase in the number of cells in the lining of the uterus is a risk factor for uterine cancer. Hyperplasia is not cancer, but sometimes it develops into cancer. Common symptoms of this condition are heavy menstrual periods, bleeding between periods, and bleeding after menopause. Hyperplasia is most common after age 40.
To prevent endometrial hyperplasia from developing into cancer, the doctor may recommend surgery to remove the uterus (hysterectomy) or hormone therapy with progesterone and regular follow-up exams.
- Obesity: Women who are obese have a greater chance of developing uterine cancer.
- Reproductive and menstrual history: Women are at increased risk of uterine cancer if at least one of the following apply:
- Have never had children
- Had their first menstrual period before age 12
- Went through menopause after age 55
- History of taking estrogen alone: The risk of uterine cancer is higher among women who used estrogen alone (without progesterone) for menopausal hormone therapy for many years.
- History of taking tamoxifen: Women who took the drug tamoxifen to prevent or treat breast cancer are at increased risk of uterine cancer.
- History of having radiation therapy to the pelvis: Women who had radiation therapy to the pelvis are at increased risk of uterine cancer.
- Family health history: Women with a mother, sister, or daughter with uterine cancer are at increased risk of developing the disease. Also, women in families that have an inherited form of colorectal cancer (known as Lynch syndrome) are at increased risk of uterine cancer.
Many women who get uterine cancer have none of these risk factors, and many women who have known risk factors don't develop the disease.
The most common symptom of uterine cancer is abnormal vaginal bleeding. It may start as a watery, blood-streaked flow that gradually contains more blood. After menopause, any vaginal bleeding is abnormal.
These are common symptoms of uterine cancer:
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding, spotting, or discharge
- Pain or difficulty when emptying the bladder
- Pain during sex
- Pain in the pelvic area
These symptoms may be caused by uterine cancer or by other health problems. Women with these symptoms should tell their doctor so that any problem can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.
If you have symptoms that suggest uterine cancer, your doctor will try to find out what's causing the problems.
You may have a physical exam and blood tests. Also, you may have one or more of the following tests:
- Pelvic exam: Your doctor can check your uterus, vagina, and nearby tissues for any lumps or changes in shape or size.
- Ultrasound: An ultrasound device uses sound waves that can't be heard by humans. The sound waves make a pattern of echoes as they bounce off organs inside the pelvis. The echoes create a picture of your uterus and nearby tissues. The picture can show a uterine tumor. For a better view of the uterus, the device may be inserted into the vagina (transvaginal ultrasound).
- Biopsy: The removal of tissue to look for cancer cells is a biopsy. A thin tube is inserted through the vagina into your uterus. Your doctor uses gentle scraping and suction to remove samples of tissue. A pathologist examines the tissue under a microscope to check for cancer cells. In most cases, a biopsy is the only sure way to tell whether cancer is present.
You may want to ask the doctor these questions before having a biopsy:
- Why do I need a biopsy?
- How long will it take? Will I be awake? Will it hurt?
- What is the chance of infection or bleeding after the biopsy? Are there any other risks?
- How soon will I know the results? How do I get a copy of the pathology report?
- If I do have cancer, who will talk with me about treatment? When?
If cancer is found, the pathologist studies tissue samples from the uterus under a microscope to learn the grade of the tumor. The grade tells how much the tumor tissue differs from normal uterine tissue. It may suggest how fast the tumor is likely to grow.
Tumors with higher grades tend to grow faster than those with lower grades. Tumors with higher grades are also more likely to spread. Doctors use tumor grade along with other factors to suggest treatment options.
If uterine cancer is diagnosed, your doctor needs to learn the extent (stage) of the disease to help you choose the best treatment. The stage is based on whether the cancer has invaded nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body.
When cancer spreads from its original place to another part of the body, the new tumor has the same kind of abnormal cells and the same name as the primary (original) tumor. For example, if uterine cancer spreads to the lung, the cancer cells in the lung are actually uterine cancer cells. The disease is metastatic uterine cancer, not lung cancer. It's treated as uterine cancer, not as lung cancer. Doctors sometimes call the new tumor "distant" disease.
To learn whether uterine cancer has spread, your doctor may order one or more tests:
- Lab tests: A Pap test can show whether cancer cells have spread to the cervix, and blood tests can show how well the liver and kidneys are working. Also, your doctor may order a blood test for a substance known as CA-125. Cancer may cause a high level of CA-125.
- Chest x-ray: An x-ray of the chest can show a tumor in the lung.
- CT scan: An x-ray machine linked to a computer takes a series of detailed pictures of your pelvis, abdomen, or chest. You may receive an injection of contrast material so your lymph nodes and other tissues show up clearly in the pictures. A CT scan can show cancer in the uterus, lymph nodes, lungs, or elsewhere.
- MRI: A large machine with a strong magnet linked to a computer is used to make detailed pictures of your uterus and lymph nodes. You may receive an injection of contrast material. MRI can show cancer in the uterus, lymph nodes, or other tissues in the abdomen.
In most cases, surgery is needed to learn the stage of uterine cancer. The surgeon removes the uterus and may take tissue samples from the pelvis and abdomen. After the uterus is removed, it is checked to see how deeply the tumor has grown. Also, the other tissue samples are checked for cancer cells.These are the stages of uterine cancer:
- Stage 0: The abnormal cells are found only on the surface of the inner lining of the uterus. The doctor may call this carcinoma in situ.
- Stage I: The tumor has grown through the inner lining of the uterus to the endometrium. It may have invaded the myometrium.
- Stage II: The tumor has invaded the cervix.
- Stage III: The tumor has grown through the uterus to reach nearby tissues, such as the vagina or a lymph node.
- Stage IV: The tumor has invaded the bladder or intestine. Or, cancer cells have spread to parts of the body far away from the uterus, such as the liver, lungs, or bones.
Treatment options for people with uterine cancer are surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy. You may receive more than one type of treatment.
The treatment that's right for you depends mainly on the following:
- Whether the tumor has invaded the muscle layer of the uterus
- Whether the tumor has invaded tissues outside the uterus
- Whether the tumor has spread to other parts of the body
- The grade of the tumor
- Your age and general health
You may have a team of specialists to help plan your treatment. Your doctor may refer you to a specialist, or you may ask for a referral. Specialists who treat uterine cancer include gynecologists, gynecologic oncologists (doctors who specialize in treating female cancers), medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists. Your health care team may also include an oncology nurse and a registered dietitian.
Your health care team can describe your treatment choices, the expected results of each, and the possible side effects. Because cancer therapy often damages healthy cells and tissues, side effects are common. Before treatment starts, ask your health care team about possible side effects and how treatment may change your normal activities. You and your health care team can work together to develop a treatment plan that meets your needs.
At any stage of disease, supportive care is available to control pain and other symptoms, to relieve the side effects of treatment, and to ease emotional concerns. Information about such care is available on NCI's Web site at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/coping.
Also, NCI's Cancer Information Service can answer your questions about supportive care. Call 1–800–4–CANCER (1–800–422–6237). Or chat using LiveHelp, NCI's instant messaging service.
You may want to talk with your doctor about taking part in a clinical trial. Clinical trials are research studies testing new treatments. They are an important option for people with all stages of uterine cancer. See the Taking Part in Cancer Research section.
You may want to ask your doctor these questions before you begin treatment:
- What is the grade of the tumor? What is the stage of the disease? Has the tumor invaded the muscle layer of the uterus or spread to other organs?
- What are my treatment choices? Which do you suggest for me? Why?
- What are the expected benefits of each kind of treatment?
- What can I do to prepare for treatment?
- Will I need to stay in the hospital? If so, for how long?
- What are the risks and possible side effects of each treatment? How can side effects be managed?
- What is the treatment likely to cost? Will my insurance cover it?
- How will treatment affect my normal activities?
- Would a research study (clinical trial) be a good choice for me?
- Can you recommend other doctors who could give me a second opinion about my treatment options?
- How often should I have checkups?
SurgerySurgery is the most common treatment for women with uterine cancer. You and your surgeon can talk about the types of surgery (hysterectomy) and which may be right for you.
The surgeon usually removes the uterus, cervix, and nearby tissues. The nearby tissues may include:
- Ovaries
- Fallopian tubes
- Nearby lymph nodes
- Part of the vagina
The time it takes to heal after surgery is different for each woman. After a hysterectomy, most women go home in a couple days, but some women leave the hospital the same day. You'll probably return to your normal activities within 4 to 8 weeks after surgery.
You may have pain or discomfort for the first few days. Medicine can help control your pain. Before surgery, you should discuss the plan for pain relief with your doctor or nurse. After surgery, your doctor can adjust the plan if you need more pain control.
It's common to feel tired or weak for a while. You may have nausea and vomiting. Some women are constipated after surgery or lose control of their bladder. These effects are usually temporary.
If you haven't gone through menopause yet, you'll stop having menstrual periods after surgery, and you won't be able to become pregnant. Also, you may have hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and night sweats. These symptoms are caused by the sudden loss of female hormones. Talk with your doctor or nurse about your symptoms so that you can develop a treatment plan together. There are drugs and lifestyle changes that can help, and most symptoms go away or lessen with time.
Surgery to remove lymph nodes may cause lymphedema (swelling) in one or both legs. Your health care team can tell you how to prevent or relieve lymphedema.
For some women, a hysterectomy can affect sexual intimacy. You may have feelings of loss that make intimacy difficult. Sharing these feelings with your partner may be helpful. Sometimes couples talk with a counselor to help them express their concerns.
You may want to ask your doctor these questions before having surgery:
- What type of surgery do you recommend for me? Why?
- Will lymph nodes and other tissues be removed? Why?
- How will I feel after surgery? If I have pain, how can it be controlled?
- How long will I be in the hospital?
- When will I be able to return to normal activities?
- What are the long-term effects of the surgery?
- How will the surgery affect my sex life?
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy is an option for women with all stages of uterine cancer. It may be used before or after surgery. For women who can't have surgery for other medical reasons, radiation therapy may be used instead to destroy cancer cells in the uterus. Women with cancer that invades tissue beyond the uterus may have radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. It affects cells in the treated area only.
Doctors use two types of radiation therapy to treat uterine cancer. Some women receive both types:
- External radiation therapy: A large machine directs radiation at your pelvis or other areas with cancer. The treatment is usually given in a hospital or clinic. You may receive external radiation 5 days a week for several weeks. Each session takes only a few minutes.
- Internal radiation therapy (also called brachytherapy): A narrow cylinder is placed inside your vagina, and a radioactive substance is loaded into the cylinder. Usually, a treatment session lasts only a few minutes and you can go home afterward. This common method of brachytherapy may be repeated two or more times over several weeks. Once the radioactive substance is removed, no radioactivity is left in the body.
Side effects depend mainly on which type of radiation therapy is used, how much radiation is given, and which part of your body is treated. External radiation to the abdomen and pelvis may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or urinary problems. You may lose hair in your genital area. Also, your skin in the treated area may become red, dry, and tender.
You are likely to become tired during external radiation therapy, especially in the later weeks of treatment. Resting is important, but doctors usually advise patients to try to stay as active as they can.
For women who have not had surgery to remove the ovaries, external radiation aimed at the pelvic area can harm the ovaries. Menstrual periods usually stop, and women may have hot flashes and other symptoms of menopause. Menstrual periods are more likely to return for younger women.
After either type of radiation therapy, you may have dryness, itching, or burning in your vagina. Your doctor may advise you to wait to have sex until a few weeks after radiation therapy ends.
Also, radiation therapy may make the vagina narrower. A narrow vagina can make sex or follow-up exams difficult. There are ways to prevent this problem. If it does occur, however, your health care team can tell you about ways to expand the vagina.
Although the side effects of radiation therapy can be upsetting, they can usually be treated or controlled. Talk with your doctor or nurse about ways to relieve discomfort.
You may find it helpful to read the NCI booklet Radiation Therapy and You.
You may want to ask your doctor these questions about radiation therapy:
- Why do I need this treatment?
- Which type of radiation therapy do you suggest for me?
- When will the treatments begin? When will they end?
- Will I need to stay in the hospital?
- How will I feel during treatment?
- How will radiation therapy affect my sex life?
- How will we know if the radiation treatment is working?
- Will I have any long-term side effects?
Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. It may be used after surgery to treat uterine cancer that has an increased risk of returning after treatment. For example, uterine cancer that is a high grade or is Stage II, III, or IV may be more likely to return. Also, chemotherapy may be given to women whose uterine cancer can't be completely removed by surgery. For advanced cancer, it may be used alone or with radiation therapy.
Chemotherapy for uterine cancer is usually given by vein (intravenous). It's usually given in cycles. Each cycle has a treatment period followed by a rest period.
You may have your treatment in an outpatient part of the hospital, at the doctor's office, or at home. Some women may need to stay in the hospital during treatment.
The side effects depend mainly on which drugs are given and how much. Chemotherapy kills fast-growing cancer cells, but the drugs can also harm normal cells that divide rapidly:
- Blood cells: When drugs lower the levels of healthy blood cells, you're more likely to get infections, bruise or bleed easily, and feel very weak and tired. Your health care team will check for low levels of blood cells. If your levels are low, your health care team may stop the chemotherapy for a while or reduce the dose of the drug. There are also medicines that can help your body make new blood cells.
- Cells in hair roots: Chemotherapy may cause hair loss. If you lose your hair, it will grow back after treatment, but the color and texture may be changed.
- Cells that line the digestive system: Chemotherapy can cause a poor appetite, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, or mouth and lip sores. Your health care team can give you medicines and suggest other ways to help with these problems. They usually go away when treatment ends.
Other possible side effects include skin rash, tingling or numbness in your hands and feet, hearing problems, loss of balance, joint pain, or swollen legs and feet. Your health care team can suggest ways to control many of these problems. Most go away when treatment ends.
You may wish to read the NCI booklet Chemotherapy and You.
Hormone Therapy
Some uterine tumors need hormones to grow. These tumors have hormone receptors for the hormones estrogen, progesterone, or both. If lab tests show that the tumor in your uterus has these receptors, then hormone therapy may be an option.
Hormone therapy may be used for women with advanced uterine cancer. Also, some women with Stage I uterine cancer who want to get pregnant and have children choose hormone therapy instead of surgery.
The most common drug used for hormone therapy is progesterone tablets. Possible side effects include weight gain, swelling, and breast tenderness.
You may want to ask your doctor these questions about chemotherapy or hormone therapy:
- Why do I need this treatment?
- Which drug or drugs will I have?
- How do the drugs work?
- When will treatment start? When will it end?
- How will I feel during treatment? What are the side effects? Are there any lasting side effects? What can I do about them?
Second Opinion
Before starting treatment, you may want a second opinion about your diagnosis, stage of cancer, and treatment plan. Some people worry that the doctor will be offended if they ask for a second opinion. Usually the opposite is true. Most doctors welcome a second opinion. And many health insurance companies will pay for a second opinion if you or your doctor requests it. Some companies require a second opinion.
If you get a second opinion, the second doctor may agree with your first doctor's diagnosis and treatment plan. Or the second doctor may suggest another approach. Either way, you have more information and perhaps a greater sense of control. You can feel more confident about the decisions you make, knowing that you've looked at all of your options.
It may take some time and effort to gather your medical records and see another doctor. In most cases, it's not a problem to take several weeks to get a second opinion. The delay in starting treatment usually will not make treatment less effective. To make sure, you should discuss this delay with your doctor.
There are many ways to find a doctor for a second opinion. You can ask your doctor, a local or state medical society, a nearby hospital, or a medical school for names of specialists.
Also, you can get information about treatment centers near you from NCI's Cancer Information Service. Call 1–800–4–CANCER (1–800–422–6237). Or chat using LiveHelp, NCI's instant messaging service.
Other sources can be found in the NCI fact sheet How To Find a Doctor or Treatment Facility If You Have Cancer.
It's important for you to take very good care of yourself before, during, and after cancer treatment. Taking care of yourself includes eating well so that you get the right amount of calories to maintain a good weight. You also need enough protein to keep up your strength. Eating well may help you feel better and have more energy.
Sometimes, especially during or soon after treatment, you may not feel like eating. You may be uncomfortable or tired. You may find that foods don't taste as good as they used to. In addition, the side effects of treatment (such as poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, or mouth blisters) can make it hard to eat well.
Your doctor, a registered dietitian, or another health care provider can suggest ways to help you meet your nutrition needs. Also, the NCI booklet Eating Hints has many useful ideas and recipes.
Follow-up Care
You'll need regular checkups (such as every 3 to 6 months) after treatment for uterine cancer. Checkups help ensure that any changes in your health are noted and treated if needed.
You should contact your doctor if you have any of the following health problems between checkups:
- Bleeding from your vagina, bladder, or rectum
- Bloated abdomen or swollen legs
- Pain in the abdomen or pelvis
- Shortness of breath or cough
- Loss of appetite or weight for no known reason
Uterine cancer may come back after treatment. Your doctor will check for return of cancer. Checkups may include a pelvic exam, lab tests (such as for CA-125), a chest x-ray, a CT scan, or an MRI.
NCI has publications to help answer questions about follow-up care and other concerns. You may find it helpful to read the NCI booklet Facing Forward: Life After Cancer Treatment. You may also want to read the NCI fact sheet Follow-up Care After Cancer Treatment.
Sources of Support
Learning that you have uterine cancer can change your life and the lives of those close to you. These changes can be hard to handle. It's normal for you, your family, and your friends to need help coping with the feelings that a diagnosis of cancer can bring.
Concerns about treatments and managing side effects, hospital stays, and medical bills are common. You may also worry about caring for your family, keeping your job, or continuing daily activities.
Here's where you can go for support:
- Doctors, nurses, and other members of your health care team can answer questions about treatment, working, or other activities.
- Social workers, counselors, or members of the clergy can be helpful if you want to talk about your feelings or concerns. Often, social workers can suggest resources for financial aid, transportation, home care, or emotional support.
- Support groups also can help. In these groups, patients or their family members meet with other patients or their families to share what they have learned about coping with cancer and the effects of treatment. Groups may offer support in person, over the telephone, or on the Internet. You may want to talk with a member of your health care team about finding a support group.
- NCI's Cancer Information Service can help you locate programs and services for people with cancer. Call 1–800–4–CANCER (1–800–422–6237). Or chat using LiveHelp, NCI's instant messaging service.
- Your doctor or a sex counselor may be helpful if you and your partner are concerned about the effects of uterine cancer on your sex life. Ask your doctor about possible treatment of side effects and whether these effects are likely to last. Whatever the outlook, you and your partner may find it helps to discuss your concerns.
For tips on coping, you may want to read the NCI booklet Taking Time: Support for People With Cancer.
Taking Part in Cancer Research
Doctors all over the world are conducting many types of clinical trials (research studies in which people volunteer to take part). Clinical trials are designed to find out whether new treatments are safe and effective.
Even if the people in a trial do not benefit directly from a treatment, they may still make an important contribution by helping doctors learn more about uterine cancer and how to control it. Although clinical trials may pose some risks, doctors do all they can to protect their patients.
Doctors are studying new ways to use surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy for treatment of uterine cancer.
NCI is sponsoring many studies with women who have uterine cancer:
- Surgery: Doctors are studying whether lymphedema develops after a woman has one of three types of surgery to remove the uterus and nearby lymph nodes:
- The surgeon makes a large incision to remove the uterus and lymph nodes.
- The surgeon makes small incisions for a laparoscope. A laparoscope is a thin, lighted tube with a lens for viewing. The surgeon uses a tool on the laparoscope to remove the uterus and lymph nodes (laparoscopic surgery).
- The surgeon removes the uterus through the vagina and makes small incisions so that a laparoscope may be used to remove the lymph nodes.
- Radiation therapy and chemotherapy:
- For women who have had surgery, doctors are comparing the effectiveness of external beam radiation therapy with that of brachytherapy followed by chemotherapy.
- Doctors are comparing chemotherapy alone with the combination of chemotherapy, external beam radiation therapy, and brachytherapy.
If you're interested in being part of a clinical trial, talk with your doctor. You may want to read the NCI booklet Taking Part in Cancer Treatment Research Studies. It describes how treatment studies are carried out and explains their possible benefits and risks.
NCI's Web site includes a section on clinical trials at http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials. It has general information about clinical trials as well as detailed information about specific ongoing studies of uterine cancer.Also, NCI's Cancer Information Service can provide information about clinical trials. Call 1–800–4–CANCER (1–800–422–6237). Or chat using LiveHelp, NCI's instant messaging service.
This text may be reproduced or reused freely. Please credit the National Cancer Institute as the source. Any graphics may be owned by the artist or publisher who created them, and permission may be needed for their reuse.


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2. Definitions
The terms used in this document are defined as follows:
- « acknowledgement of receipt »:
- email sent by accorhotels.com to the customer summarizing the reservation made by the customer and confirming that accorhotels.com has received the reservation
- « reservation confirmation »:
- virtual document summarizing the services reserved online by the customer, and possibly stating the customer's bank card number in the context of a prepayment or guarantee. Accepting the reservation confirmation commits the customer contractually
- « customer »:
- individual acting on personal or professional interests but without relation to hotel activity
- « email »:
- any message, in text, voice, sound, or image format, sent by a public communication network and stored on a network server or in the workstation equipment of the recipient until it is retrieved by said recipient
- « reservation request »:
- request for a hotel room reservation submitted by the customer via mobile or Internet services
- « partners »:
- providers of services available at www.accorhotels.comand in particular, tour operators, vehicle rental firms, train and plane ticket providers
- « online reservation »:
- reservation of hotel rooms by way of a virtual reservation form on the ACCOR SA website, available at www.accorhotels.com.
- « service »:
- reservation of hotel rooms of which the main features are displayed at www.accorhotels.com.
- "Mobile services":
- group of services and protocols making it possible to connect mobile terminals to the Internet, and enabling consultation and reservation of hotel services supplied by Accor SA.
- « website »:
- service operated by ACCOR SA on the Internet network, available at www.accorhotels.com.
3. Subject
1. These terms and conditions define the rights and obligations of the parties under the scope of the remote reservation of services offered by ACCOR SA on its website, www.accorhotels.com
2. They govern all the steps required for reservation and post-reservation between the contractual parties.
3. The customer confirms that he is aware of and has accepted these general terms and conditions of sale and the sales conditions for the reserved rate, which are available on the www.accorhotels.com website.
4. Scope of application
1. These general terms and conditions of sale apply to all reservations made online.
5. Validity
1. These terms and conditions of sale apply for the entire length of time that ACCOR SA services are available at www.accorhotels.com.
2. ACCOR SA reserves the right, without notice or indemnity, to temporarily or permanently shut down the website www.accorhotels.com or its online reservation pages.
3. ACCOR SA is not responsible for damages of any nature that may result from these changes and/or from the temporary unavailability or indeed permanent shutdown of all or part of the site or its associated services, such as the online reservation pages.
6. Reservation
1. The customer selects the services presented on the website.
2. The customer confirms that he is aware of the nature, the purpose and the reservation terms of the services available on the website and that he has requested and obtained the necessary and/or supplementary information required to make the reservation in full knowledge of the facts.
3. Customers may reserve, on the www.accorhotels.com website, on an individual basis, a maximum number of three (3) rooms per reservation. For reservations concerning business groups, meetings, seminars etc., please visit the AccorhotelsPRO section of the www.accorhotels.com website.
4. The customer is solely responsible for his choice of services and their suitability as to his needs, such that ACCOR SA shall not be held responsible in this aspect.
5. The reservation is deemed accepted by the customer at the end of the reservation process.
7. Reservation process
1. Reservations made by the customer take place by way of the virtual reservation form available online at www.accorhotels.com or by a reservation request sent via mobile services.
2. The reservation is deemed to be created upon ACCOR's receipt of the reservation form or reservation request, or upon an online prepayment by bank card.
3. Prior to any reservation, the customer shall complete the information required in the reservation form or request.
4. The customer attests to the truth and accuracy of the information submitted.
5. The reservation process includes the following main steps:
- Step 1 : Finding a hotel and selecting a room and rate
- Step 2 : Selection, where applicable, of one or more supplementary services
- Step 3 : Checking the reservation details, the total price and the applicable sales conditions and making any necessary changes to the selection (room, rate, supplementary service), for online reservations only
- Step 4 : Obtaining the customer's details
- Step 5 : Consultation and acceptance of the general terms and conditions of sale and the sales conditions for the reserved rate
- Step 6 : Confirming the reservation (customer)
8. Acknowledgement of receipt of the reservation
1. The customer reservation is subject to an acknowledgement of receipt by email.
2. For online reservations, the emailed acknowledgment of receipt of the reservation summarizes the contract offer, the services reserved, the prices, the sales conditions related to the selected rate and accepted by the customer, information pertaining to after-sales service and commercial warranties, and the address of the hotel vendor's premises to which the customer should address any complaints.
9. Customer service
For any complaints relating to your Sofitel, Pullman, MGallery, Mercure, Novotel, Suite Novotel, ibis or ibis Styles hotel reservation, our customer service center is open Monday through Friday from 9am to 6:30pm (French time) at the following telephone numbers:
- Telephone: +44 (0) 1224398802 (UK)
- International telephone: +33 (0) 9 69 39 55 00
- Fax +33 (0)220.127.116.11.13
- Email : firstname.lastname@example.com
The postal address is:
ACCOR – Immeuble Atlantis
For all other hotel brands, please use the "contact" section.
10. Cancelation or modification by the customer
1. Customers are reminded, pursuant to Article L. 121-20-4 of the French Consumer Code, that they do not have the right of withdrawal stated in Article L. 121-20 of the French Consumer Code.
2. The sales conditions for the reserved rate specify the terms for canceling and/or changing the reservation.
3. Prepaid reservations cannot be changed or canceled. Sums paid in advance as a deposit will not be reimbursed. In this case, it will be stipulated in the sales conditions for the rate.
4. When the sales conditions for the reserved rate allow:
- The reservation can be canceled directly on the www.accorhotels.com website in the "Review or cancel your reservation" section
- Changes to the reservation can be made directly with the hotel, whose telephone numbers are stated on the reservation confirmation sent by email.
5. In the event that the stay is interrupted, the agreed price will be paid in full. No reimbursement will be given for a prepaid reservation.
6. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the customer must vacate the room before 12 p.m. on the last day of the reservation. Failure to do soshall result in the customer being billed for an extra night.
11. Stay at the hotel
1. Pursuant to regulations in force in certain countries, customers may be asked to complete a police registration form on arrival at the hotel. For this purpose, customers will be asked to show proof of identity to confirm whether or not they need to complete the police registration form.
2. Some pets are welcome at certain hotels provided they are kept on a leash or in a cage in all common areas of the establishment (to check whether or not an establishment accepts pets, please see the hotel facility list at www.accorhotels.com). For hygiene reasons, pets are not allowed in catering areas.
3. The customer agrees and undertakes to use the room responsibly. Any behavior contrary to good morals and public order will therefore result in the hotelier asking the customer to leave the establishment without any compensation and/or without any reimbursement if payment has already been made.
4. Some ACCOR SA hotels have Internal Regulations for customers. The customer accepts and agrees to abide by these regulations. In the event of failure by the customer to abide by one of the provisions of the Internal Regulations, the hotelier will be obliged to ask the customer to leave the establishment without any compensation and/or without any reimbursement if payment has already been made.
5. Some hotels offer either free or payable WIFI access, allowing customers to connect to the Internet. The Customer shall ensure that all digital resources provided by the Hotel are in no way used for the purposes of reproduction or representation, and that all works and materials protected by copyright or related rights, such as texts, images, photographs, musical and audiovisual works, software and video games, shall not be made available or communicated to the public without the express authorization of the copyright holders, as stated in Books I and II of the Intellectual Property Code where such authorization is required. The Customer agrees to adhere to the security policy of the Hotel's Internet provider, including the security measures under conditions of use, in order to prevent the illegal use of digital resources (or other names used in the company's IT Charter). The Customer shall also refrain from committing any act that could jeopardize the effectiveness of these measures. If the Customer does not adhere to the abovementioned obligations, this may be perceived as an infringement of copyright regulations (Article L.335-3 of the Intellectual Property Code), and is punishable by a fine of EUR 300,000 and three years' imprisonment.
12. Guarantees
1. ACCOR SA is obliged to guarantee conformity to services, under the conditions set forth in articles L. 212-1 and n. of the Consumer Code.
2. The customer shall receive a contractual guarantee applicable to the service.
13. Liability
1. The photographs shown on the website are for information purposes only. Although every effort is made to ensure that the photographs, graphic images and text used to illustrate the displayed hotels provide as accurate an impression as possible of the accommodation offered, variations may occur, in particular as a result of any change of furniture or renovation. Customers may not make any claim in this respect.
2. ACCOR SA shall not be held responsible for the non-fulfillment or inadequate fulfillment of the reservation in the event of a force majeure, actions of third parties, actions of the customer or of his partners, such as unavailability of the Internet network, no access to the website, external intrusion, computer viruses, or in the event of non-authorized prepayment from the bearer's bank.
3. ACCOR SA accepts no responsibility for any indirect damage as a result, in particular loss of earnings, actions of third parties, actions of the client or of his partners.
4. Hyperlinks may link to websites other than the ACCOR SA site. ACCOR SA accepts no responsibility for the content of these websites or the services featured on them.
5. Any reservation or payment that is irregular, ineffective, incomplete or fraudulent for any reason attributable to the customer will lead to cancellation of the order at the customer's expense, without prejudice to any civil or criminal action that may be brought against the customer.
14. Complaints
1. Complaints relating to failure to execute or poor execution of hotel services must, under penalty of foreclosure, be made known to ACCOR SA in writing within 24 hours of arrival at the hotel, either directly to the hotel or to the Customer Service address indicated above.
2. ACCOR SA hotels are operated by companies that are legally separate from ACCOR SA and as a result they alone are responsible to customers for any damage. In the event of a dispute, customers must therefore contact only the company operating the hotel in which they stayed.
15. Prices
1. The prices pertaining to the reservation of services are indicated before and during reservation.
2. The prices shown are per room for the number of people and the date(s) specified.
3. The prices are confirmed with the client as a tax-inclusive amount in the hotel's commercial currency, which may sometimes differ from the hotel's local currency. These prices are only valid during the period stated on the website.
4. If payment to the hotel is made in a currency other than the currency confirmed on the reservation, the client will be liable for the conversion fees.
5. All reservations, regardless of their origin, are payable in the hotel's local currency unless specifically indicated otherwise at the hotel.
6. Unless specified otherwise, supplementary services (breakfast, half-board, full-board etc.) are not included in the price.
7. Tourist tax, specified for each rate, shall be paid locally directly to the hotel, with the exception of online prepayments where this amount may be included.
8. Prices take account of the VAT applicable on the day of the reservation and any change to the applicable VAT rate will be automatically reflected in the prices shown on the billing date.
9. Any change to or introduction of new legal or regulatory taxes imposed by the competent authorities will be automatically reflected in the prices shown on the billing date.
10. Foreign currency conversions are given as guidance only and are non-binding. Only the currency confirmed at reservation is guaranteed; if this currency is different from the one used at the hotel, the client will be liable for any conversion fees.
11. If a rate states that the payment is to be made upon arrival at or departure from your hotel, and that the customer's currency is not the same as that of the hotel, it is possible that the rate debited by the hotel will be different to that indicated during booking. This would take in account any exchange rate changes between the date the booking was made and the dates of the hotel stay.
12. ACCOR SA shall state the total order amount when the customer confirms the reservation.
13. Prices may be increased by different taxes depending on the city/country. The customer agrees to pay these different taxes, without any protest to ACCOR SA.
16. Payment
1. Customers shall provide their bank details as a guarantee of the reservation except for special conditions or rates, using a credit card or retail card (Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Diners Club etc. according to the selected hotel), indicating directly in the area provided for this purpose (secure entry by SSL encryption) the card number without spaces, its expiration date and the card security code as prepayment via the Ogone payment platform.
2. The payment is debited at the destination hotel, unless under special conditions or rates where the payment is made at reservation (online prepayment on certain rates). This prepayment is classified as a deposit. Where the rate is not prepaid online, the hotel can request from the client, upon arrival, a deposit or authorisation to debit the credit card. This allows the hotel to guarantee the payment of amounts relating to services used at the hotel.
3. The use of hotel checks, including those issued as part of the ACCOR SA group's hotel loyalty program, is limited to expenses settled directly at the hotel. These hotel checks may not under any circumstances be used to pay the total or partial cost of a hotel stay in advance or to guarantee a reservation.
4. In the event of a no-show (reservation that has not been canceled where the customer did not arrive) when the reservation is guaranteed by bank card, the cost of the first night will be debited as a fixed indemnity from the card specified by the customer in the reservation guarantee.
5. Accor SA has chosen OGONE (Payment Service Provider) to secure card payments online. The validity of the customer's payment card is verified by Ogone. Payment cards may be refused for a number of reasons: stolen or blocked card, credit limit reached, incorrect details entered. In the event of a problem, the customer shall contact his bank in the first instance, and the hotel in the second to confirm the reservation and payment method.
6. Should the customer wish to reserve multiple rooms but prepayment is only required for one of these rooms, for example, the payment card used on the Ogone platform enables the room in question to be prepaid while the specified payment card acts as a guarantee for the other rooms.
7. At the time of prepayment, the amount debited for the reservation includes: the price of the accommodation, taxes related to the accommodation, the price of catering if breakfast is selected, taxes related to catering and any other supplementary services selected by the customer (as mentioned in point 15.6).
8. In the case of a rate subject to prepayment online, the amount paid in advance, which is the deposit, is debited at the time of the reservation.
17. Privacy protection
1. The information requested from customers is necessary for processing reservations, managing their participation in the ACCOR group's hotel loyalty program, if applicable, and sending them information about ACCOR group products and services. This information will be sent to ACCOR SA, its subsidiaries, the online payment service provider and its hotels, which may be outside of the European Union, under pre-contractual measures for hotel reservations. ACCOR SA cannot register the reservation without this information.
2. The personal data protection policy is available under the "Global Hotel Guest Privacy Policy" tab
3. If a customer has made a hotel booking through www.accorhotels.com and unless he has specified otherwise, ACCOR SA is authorized to send him, via email, the company newsletter, promotional offers and a customer satisfaction questionnaire after his hotel stay.
4. The customer has the right to oppose, without charge, the use of his personal data for canvassing purposes, in particular, those that are commercially-related. The customer may also unsubscribe from these communications at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link at the end of each commercial email.
5. The customer is hereby informed that all personal data collected shall undergo automated handling, for which ACCOR SA is responsible.
6. The handling of these data shall enable ACCOR SA to:
- fulfill its obligations to the customer
- inform the customer of special offers and any new services created by ACCOR SA.
7. On every personal data form, any obligatory or mandatory data is marked by an asterisk.
8. The customer authorizes ACCOR SA to communicate his personal data to third parties on the condition that such communication is deemed necessary to ACCOR SA carrying out its operations as stated in these terms and conditions.
9. In order to fulfill the hotel reservation contract, customer bank details must be transmitted to the hotel's bank using the payment service provider Ogone for online payments in particular. The customer is hereby informed that this data transfer may therefore be carried out in foreign countries that do not have adequate personal data protection in accordance with the French law on data processing and civil liberties. The customer, however, consents to this transfer in order for the contract to be fulfilled. Ogone has made a professional commitment to ACCOR SA to ensure that all possible security and confidentiality assurance measures are taken during the aforementioned data transfers.
18. Agreement on evidence
1. The specification of necessary bank details and the acceptance of these terms and conditions and the reservation form or reservation request constitute an electronic signature equivalent in value to a physical signature between the parties.
2. The computerized records retained in ACCOR's IT systems shall be retained under reasonable levels of security and considered as proof of communication, orders and payments between the parties.
3. The customer is hereby informed that his IP address is recorded at the time of reservation.
19. Relocation
1. In the event of unavailability of the chosen hotel, or in a case of force majeure, the hotel reserves the possibility of fully or partially relocating the customer to an equivalent category hotel for the same type of services, with all costs involved in the transfer being payable by the chosen hotel, which cannot be asked for payment of any additional compensation.
20. Force majeure
1. ACCOR SA cannot be held liable with respect to the customer for failure to execute its obligations resulting from an event of force majeure. Cases of force majeure or unforeseen events are considered to be those habitually recognized by the case law of the French Law Courts.
21. Applicable law
1. These terms and conditions of sale are governed by French law.
2. Applicable to both substantive and procedural rules.
22. Entirety of agreement
1. These general terms and conditions of sale, the sales conditions for the rate reserved by the customer and the reservation form or request express the parties' obligations in their entirety.
2. These terms and conditions override all general or specific conditions communicated by the customer.
3. The documents constituting the contractual obligations between the parties are, in order of decreasing priority; the reservation form or request (covering the specific conditions of the reserved rate) and these terms and conditions.
4. In case of discrepancy between the reservation form and the terms and conditions, only the clauses of the reservation form shall apply for the obligation in question.
23. Development/modification of the general terms and conditions of online sale
1. ACCOR SA may change or add to these general terms and conditions of online sale at any time. In this case, the new version of the general terms and conditions of online sale will be published online by ACCOR SA. From the time it is published online, the new version of the general terms and conditions of online sale will apply automatically to all customers.
Please also see the supplementary sales conditions related to each rate, room type or service type, which are shown on the price list.
General Sales Conditions for Spa packages


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Your favorite gemstone dazzles in this lovely sunburst that shines almost as brilliantly as the real thing. Chain is approximately 16 inches in length. Choose your gems and metals. See Details
Gemvara jewelry is truly personal: you design it, choosing gems and metals to celebrate your story, and we craft it just for you. We'd love to help you find your perfect piece! (more)What quality are your gemstones?
They are all-natural and hand selected fine quality. (more)


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Jennifer Brickman
Manager: Service Laurier Brantford & Acting Associate Registrar: Brantford
Contact InformationEmail: email@example.com | email@example.com
Phone: 519.756.8228 ext.5711
Other Phone: 519.802.5723
Fax: 519.756.0379
Office Location: GRH.202
Office Hours: M-F 9 AM - 4:30 PM
Academic Background
HBA in Economics and Financial Management with a Psychology Minor, Wilfrid Laurier University, 2002
I have worked at Laurier Brantford since September 2004. I am currently enjoying my role as the manager of Service Laurier Brantford. I grew up in Stratford and could often be found at the Stratford Shakespeare Festival, the library and playing softball.
I moved to Waterloo to complete my undergraduate degree in Economics at the Waterloo campus of Laurier from 1998 to 2002.
When I am not at work, I am often enjoying the CFL and MLB and can be found watching the Toronto Argonauts and New York Yankees play! I also go home to Stratford as much as possible to enjoy the great waterfront and unique downtown shopping and dining.
I love the community-minded Laurier Brantford campus and I hope to enjoy many successful years here!


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Quick View
FörsterkäseThis "lumberjack cheese" is made by Ernst Diriwächter, a 2nd-generation cheesemaker. A complex, runny washed-rind, it smells quite woodsy and pungent. Serious caseophiles love this one - it's up there with Vacherin Mont d'Or. Read More
Quick View
Quadrello di BufalaSomething old-7th century Italian cheese. Something new-Quadrello, not mozzarella. Something borrowed-Taleggio recipe. Somethingbuffalo? Creamy-sweet paste with washed rind funk. Read More


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Jump to navigation
Wed, 07/11/2012 - 12:52
Professor of Management Susan Adams and Chair of the Computer Information Systems department Leslie Waguespac weigh in on the argument over the value of tenure.
Original Story
Source: |
Media Coverage | Permalink
Wed, 10/12/2011 - 12:10
Computer Information Systems Department Chair Leslie Waguespack offers his opinon on where the line is drawn between a professor and their institution.
Bentley University
175 Forest StreetWaltham, Massachusetts 02452+1.781.891.2000
Map & Directions Plan Your Visit Virtual Tour
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How Not to Deal with Economic Depression
Recorded at the Mises Circle in San Francisco, 29 August 2009. Includes an introduction by Douglas French. Sponsored by Mark L. Hart, III. [41:53]
How Not to Deal with Economic Depression Various Artists Recovery or Stagnation?
From: Recovery or Stagnation? , Monday, August 31, 2009 by Thomas J. DiLorenzo
Available for download as Wmv , Mp4 or watch this video on YouTube .
Available for download as Mp3 .


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Originally, I saw this idea pinned on Pinterest but no matter how hard I tried, I could not make the Sharpie's stay on the plates. After a few hours of this, I set the temp a little higher on the oven and managed to figure out that these plates work best as decorative plates not everyday use plates. They would be perfect to make for the holidays or as party favors (especially if kids make their own). They'll last pretty well once or twice then, the Sharpie will eventually come off in the dishwasher or sink.
That being said, these are super cool and I've made a few of them which I now have around my house. My favorite is the one with song lyrics, I wrote around the edges of the plate. I thought that would be super cute for a frugal date night at home. Want to make some too? Yep, I thought so.
Dollar Store Plates
Directions: Simply color on the plates anyway you would like. Be sure to use glass plates so they don't melt in the oven. Then, bake at 350 degrees for about 30 minutes. That will 'set' the Sharpie a bit more than normal so you can actually use them. Be sure to let them cool completely before use or you'll have Sharpie tinted food.
These are a blast to make and your kids will love them too!
Check them out on today's news segment:
TulsaCW.com: TV To Talk About | The Tulsa CW


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Yay! Snow!
Mount Tecumseh 4003?
Mount Tecumseh Trail
5 Miles 2200? Elevation Gain
Kevin, Judy, Emma and Blue
Mr. Blue was our guest hiker again this weekend. He's roughly about 1/2 way through his first round of the 4k's. December is the month Emma, Judy and I have the fewest 4k's. We've always sort of allowed hiking to become a lower priority in this month where there are so many other commitments, especially to family. When we hike, it's usually a short day as there are usually things to do when we get home. Today was no different. We had a quick up and down, and then off to do some projects at home. I'm not sure we'll ever get the hang of December hiking...
Moss and Icicles
After last week's hike which ended in an emergency vet visit for poor Mr. Blue, he seemed a little bit subdued on this hike. I'm not sure if he is learning to conserve a little energy for the trail, or whether some dog instinct is telling him that there is a good elevation gain on this hike so he should save his usual bushwhacking for the descent. Maybe his encounter last week taught him to stay a little closer and be a little more wary, or maybe he didn't have the same amount of pent up energy he had last week. I suppose another factor could be that as this trail gains elevation it narrows to thick spruce corridors, difficult to romp through, unlike the open hardwood forest we traversed for most of our hike last week. I suppose I will never quite know what goes on in dogs minds despite the fact I try to think like one.
Baby it's Cold Outside!
Besides checking off another on Blue's 4k list we chose this hike for another reason as well, and that was to check out the recent trail-work done by a couple of friends. To say sections have been improved would be an understatement. Re-routing, drainage and stairs are just some of the things meticulously labored on which will improve the quality of this hike for many years to come. Thanks be to the trail adopter and friends, most here know who they are, for the selfless act of improving things for others.
Winter Wonderland!
One thing this December has been lacking in and around our southeastern New Hampshire home is cold, and with it the beautiful white stuff that covers the dreary browns and grays of late autumn. It was pleasing to step onto a trail and feel the cold, crisp air and to feel the crunch of a light dusting of snow underfoot. As we started out it was hard to tell that it was indeed December. The brooks were flowing with little in the way of ice to give away the approaching season. There was but a scant dusting on the ground, but as we wound our way along the lower section of trail and down into the gully where you cross the brook, we began to rise into a different forest with snow covered spruce lining the trail.
Pine Marten?
For the next mile plus the hike was a steady climb from the clutches of late autumn into the icy fingers of early winter. Now a couple of inches deep, snow covered everything along the trail. Tecumseh, however, is one of those short, steep hikes, and we were soon at our summit goal where it was necessary to pull on an extra layer or two to keep us warm while we ingested a hasty lunch. After the usual ravenous devouring of everything resembling food by the two dogs and the usual ravenous photographing of everything that resembled scenery by the addicted photographer, we began a quick descent, this time along the other half of the summit loop.
We met several other hikers and several other dogs on our way down, each seeming to be enjoying their hike as much as we were. Mount Tecumseh may not get the rave reviews that the other, more difficult 4k's receive, but you know what? It's a nice hike, and a worthy hike, and what is better to be in a snow covered forest on a bright, sunny day?
Full set of pics HERE:
Video Slideshow set to Trail Adopter's Favorite Recording Artist Here:


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Rooms & Offers
… for your unique stay at Ferienart Resort & SpaNo matter whether you like to book a room for an overnight stay or one of our complete special offers with plenty of extra services… You are your personal holiday designer who creates his vacations individually with his desires.
Always included: Our hearty services!
- Living more beautiful … Rooms & Suites
- Tempting variety … Holiday Packages
- All inclusive … Stage Equipment
Good to know...Booking & Reservation
Book your vacation online or via telephone under +41 27 958 19 49 or via E-Mail firstname.lastname@example.com. Our reservation office is open from Monday to Friday, 8am to 5pm. Apart from those times, you reach us under +41 27 958 19 00!
Annullation & early departure
Cancellation policy
- 30 days before arrival - free of charge
- 8-30 days before the arrival 50% of the arrangement price
- 0-7 days before arrival 100% of the arrangement price
In case of an earlier departure we charge the full package price of the arrangement for 3 days.


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Action-packed science-fiction movies often feature colourful laser bolts. But what would a real laser missile look like during flight, if we could only make it out? How would it illuminate its surroundings? The answers lie in a film made at the Laser Centre of the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in cooperation with the Faculty of Physics at the University of Warsaw.
Tiny "Nanoflares" Might Heat The Sun's Corona
Today, a team led by Paola Testa of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) is presenting new clues to the mystery of coronal heating using observations from the recently launched Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). The team finds that miniature solar flares called "nanoflares" - and the speedy electrons they produce - might partly be the source of that heat, at least in some of the hottest parts of the Sun's corona.
Hybrid Materials Could Smash The Solar Efficiency Ceiling
Researchers have developed a new method for harvesting the energy carried by particles known as 'dark' spin-triplet excitons with close to 100% efficiency, clearing the way for hybrid solar cells which could far surpass current efficiency limits.
Revving Up Fluorescence For Superfast LEDs
DURHAM, N.C. - Duke University researchers have made fluorescent molecules emit photons of light 1,000 times faster than normal - setting a speed record and making an important step toward realizing superfast light emitting diodes (LEDs) and quantum cryptography.
The P-545.R7 Plnano® XY(Z) Piezo System is a low-cost nanopositioning system for super-resolution microscopy. It features a cost-effective design due to its piezoresistive sensors, easy integration with its 20 mm profile, up to 200 x 200 x 200 µm travel ranges, and much more.
sCMOS Cameras for OEM
These new OEM cameras from Hamamatsu feature an advanced scientific CMOS (sCMOS) image sensor capable of high resolution, fast frame rates, and low noise simultaneously. With their small size, board-level design, and simple, low-cost integration, these OEM cameras are ideal for imaging in life science, failure analysis, and semiconductor inspection.
Commercial Optics PG&O offers unique capabilities in the area of optical components used for commercial applications. These products have less demanding optical requirements, and are therefore considerably more cost efficient.
Amazon's New Smartphone Boasts High-End RF And Imaging Components
On July 25, Amazon released its first smartphone, and it didn't take long for the internal components of the device to get leaked.
4 Electronic Design Requirements Of The System-Integrated Soldier
Perhaps most famously portrayed in Robert Heinlein's Starship Troopers (1959), the idea of the "future soldier" has been around for decades. As rehashed in countless science fiction films and video games, the stereotypical future soldier is equipped with a protective exoskeleton, enhanced sensory equipment, seamless communication systems, and advanced weaponry. While the concept once seemed implausible, there are many real-world projects under way focused on realizing those seemingly fictitious warfighter capabilities — by integrating a plethora of diverse electronic subsystems into a cohesively operational suit.
The Top 5 Technologies From DSS 2014
With more than 450 companies at this year's event and only three days to explore, it was an almost overwhelming task to try and take in all of the technology on display. Regardless, I did my best, and here is my list of the top five most exciting technologies I caught at the show.
Lowering Dark Current, Defects, And Bad Pixel Counts In Imaging Detectors
Sensors Unlimited — UTC Aerospace Systems cut the ribbon on their new facility on September 17th, 2014. Doug Malchow spent a few minutes with us explaining how the move to a bigger and better place has already resulted in better quality imaging detectors with lower defects, lower bad pixel counts, and much lower dark current.
Spectral Sensing Kit For Developers
At Optics and Photonics 2014, Bill DeCosta with Ocean Optics introduced his company's new STS developer kits. Watch the video for an up close look as well as some in depth information on the STS spectrometer.
Low Cost Measurement And Analysis Solutions
Applications engineer Kimberly Quinones with StellarNet closed out Photonics Online's Optics and Photonics 2014 video coverage by discussing their UV/VIS/NIR miniature and low-cost spectrometers, integrating spheres, and other solutions for applications involving LED measurements, light measurement, Raman analysis, raw material identification, optical metrology, and more.
SWIR Cameras, Cores, And Export License Solutions
Herve Copin with Xenics kicked off the last day of Optics and Photonics 2014 by discussing two of his company's SWIR camera offerings: The Bobcat 640 for waste sorting, food inspection, failure analysis, and semiconductor inspection; and the Rufus 640, a SWIR camera that can operate in both extreme day and night conditions.
Compact Goniometer For Laboratories And Production
In this video from Optics and Photonics 2014, Rachel Ulanch with Trioptics discusses some background information on her company and introduces the PrismMaster®150 — a compact, high-precision goniometer for optical workshops and production environments.
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Sierra-Olympic's Vinden CZ is a thermal imaging camera with a 12x zoom factor for 640 x 480 resolution and a 6x zoom factor for 320 x 240. It's well suited for system integrators in the security and surveillance space, or any other project requiring advanced continuous zoom thermal imaging capabilities.
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Can Machined Glass Be Strengthened?
Download this brief application note to learn more about tempered and heat strengthened glass, chemically strengthened soda glass, and high ion-exchange chemically strengthened thin glass, and the potential risks and feasibility of strengthening said glass.
Miniature Camera Modules For Visualizing Micro Invasive Surgery
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Cherenkov Emission Imaging And Spectroscopy Utilizing Isotopes And A Linear Accelerator
There are linear accelerators (LINACs) employed in radiation oncology that produce radiation in pulsed microseconds-long bursts, generated by the accelerator waveguide. By taking advantage of a LINAC's inherent pulsed operation, time-gated detection of Cherenkov radiation is possible, significantly improving the ratio of signal to ambient light. Recently, a research group at Dartmouth College and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center in New Hampshire led by Dr. Brian Pogue has investigated fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy methods using pulsed LINAC-induced CES2, under ambient room lighting conditions. An overview of some of their work is provided in this application note.
How To Assess Thermal Camera Range For Site Design
When laying out a site design for surveillance using currently marketed uncooled thermal cameras, it is important to understand the coverage capability of the cameras under evaluation in terms of field of view and range. Accurately gauging range performance from the onset of the site design may allow one to avoid unintended and pricey rework costs later. The following white paper explores the various determinants that are needed for thermal camera range capability assessment.
Detecting Cancer Earlier Is Goal Of Rutgers-Developed Medical Imaging Technology
A new medical imaging method being developed at Rutgers University could help physicians detect cancer and other diseases earlier than before, speeding treatment and reducing the need for invasive, time-consuming biopsies.
UNH Scientist: Cosmic Rays Threaten Future Deep-Space Astronaut Missions
DURHAM, N.H. –- Crewed missions to Mars remain an essential goal for NASA, but scientists are only now beginning to understand and characterize the radiation hazards that could make such ventures risky, concludes a new paper by University of New Hampshire scientists.
Ph.D. Designs New Devices Based On Metamaterials
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A 'Star Wars' Laser Bullet — This Is What It Really Looks Like
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Excelitas Technologies Announces The New X-Cite 110LED For Life Science Research
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The International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies 2014November 5 - 7, 2014
Seattleq, WA
SPIE Photonics West 2015February 7 - 12, 2015
San Francisco, CA
IS&T / SPIE Electronic Imaging 2015February 8 - 12, 2015
San Francisco, CA
SPIE Medical Imaging 2015February 21 - 26, 2015
Orlando, FL
SPIE Advanced Lithography 2015February 22 - 26, 2015
San Jose, CA
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text:
Dealing Diamonds
Thu Jan 31, 2013
Newcastle Casino is hosting our standard Bonus Hands in the table games during the month of May Sunday-Thursday. Table game players that have a live rated hand daily during the month of May will be eligible to win $25 in Chips for every suited Diamond Blackjack dealt to them at a blackjack tables, Diamond Flush dealt to them at a Three Card Poker table, Diamond Flush dealt to them at any Ultimate Texas Hold'em table. Bonus Hands during May will be limited to 10:00 p.m. – 1:00 p.m. on 1st shift, 6:00 p.m. – 9:00 p.m. on 2nd shift, and 1:00 a.m. – 4:00 a.m. on 3rd shift.


text:
hey guys, its been awhile, I've been on the outside looking in periodically. Anyways almost have a place in the country bought and the boy really loves dogs. done my research and think a wirehaired pointing griffon would be a great fit to the family. well tempered not overly rambunctious a nd most importantly not too pretty. pricey though yikes $1100.does come with a chip and a hip guarantee. sounds like a great breed but do people really pay that kind of money for a pet? well iknow they do or they wouldn't charge it. am i going to have to pay big bucks for a qualityhunting dog. anything but a lab? no offense lab lovers i like them too.
Its the one i really want, but really really hard to justify that kinda ching on a dog


text:
Ms. Carolyn D. Farrell
General Practice, Roswell Park Cancer Institute
- Elm and Carlton St
Buffalo, NY 14263
- 1 Office Location
- Email a Friend
- (716) 845-2300
Ms. Carolyn D. Farrell is a practicing physician. Ms. Farrell practices medicine in Buffalo, NY and specializes in General Practice. Ms. Farrell is affiliated with Cleveland Clinic, Roswell Park Cancer Institute Hospital and Miami Valley Hospital. Ms. Farrell speaks English and Spanish.
Gender: Not Available
Years in Practice: Not Available
Languages Spoken: English, Spanish
Medical School: Not Available
Graduation Date: Not Available
Hospital Affiliations: Cleveland Clinic, Roswell Park Cancer Institute Hospital, Miami Valley Hospital
Specialties: General Practice
©2005-2014 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.
WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.


text:
Currently spamming general strike pics because general strike.
this post about indigenous activist criticisms of occupy that came out in october;
the decolonize oakland website;
the occupy wall street poc commitee;
in front and center: critical voices of the 99%;
brown power at occupy wall street about poc activists working to change the language of the original ows declaration.
tequila sovereign with some background about occupy oakland's interaction with indigenous activists
Recently a bill was introduced in the senate that would require the wealthiest Americans to pay their fair share of taxes, the bill would also eliminate tax loopholes for big businesses. It's no surprise that our senators (many of them in the top 1 percent) didn't pass this bill. Here is a list of senators that voted against the bill and how you can contact them. Please write at least a few of these senators everyday, and hopefully we can get this bill re-introduced and passed. Remember that you have to be the change you wish to see so you can't sit there and expect other people to write these senators it has to be YOU that does it. Here is the letter that I sent to every senator:
Hello, I am emailing you because recently a bill was introduced that would require some of the wealthiest American citizens to pay their fair share of taxes. Those funds could be used to pay down some of the federal debt, and could be used for education, or helping our homeless veterans, or any number of good causes which is why I believe you should re-consider your vote on this bill. I can not understand why anyone would oppose making some of the most fortunate Americans help some of the most unfortunate Americans, or at the very least make these Americans pay a little more than the average citizen.
Here is a list of the contact information for all senators who voted against this bill:
Over 1000, 1-percenters are meeting at Waldorf Astoria (April 23-25), for a major farmland investment event that will decide the fate of millions of Africans.
Dubbed as "the next big thing in finance" some of the largest hedge funds, private equity groups, university endowment managers, and other high rollers will meet to discuss how to continue to make money from food and water shortages. The event is organized by HighQuest Partners, a heavy hitter in the hedge fund market of big agro, bio-tech and bio-fuel companies. Entrance fee to attend is a mere $3,000.
These money managers are there because they are promised to make more than 25% return on investments in areas of the world where there exists incredible food insecurity. In 2009 only, nearly 60 million hectares of arable land – an area the size of France – was purchased or leased, 70 percent of it in Africa. It's impossible to acquire that much of land without the continued taking of land previously held by small indigenous farmers. That number has only been increasing as more and more land has been leased off to companies and governments in Africa – by corrupt dictators, that have no moral qualms about displacing millions from their ancestral lands. On their website, HighQuest partners brag about representing $3.5 trillion in aggregated institutional assets and 25 million acres under cultivation in 2011 alone. This year they are expecting to double. BTW 25 million acres is the size of Vermont, New Hampshire and Massachusetts combined together, OR 11 times the size of Yellowstone National Park.
Please join in solidarity with food justice activists, Environmental ORGs, OWS groups, African students and communities in exposing these cabal of evil doers -that their "next big thing in finance" is nothing more than the next financial bubble with far more ill-consequences for humanity and the planet.
Day of Action: April 24 2012
Where: The Waldorf-Astoria
301 Park Avenue. NY, NY
(04-01) 17:57 PDT San Francisco — A group of marchers led by Occupy movement protesters has entered a vacant building at Turk and Gough streets in San Francisco, claiming the property as a "permanent occupation" and refuge for homeless people in the city.
The group entered the building at about 5:45 Sunday evening, after marching there following a really at Union Square. Police were on the scene, but there were no immediate arrests or confrontation.
The march, which numbered a few hundred, was peaceful along the route. Marchers were playing music, chanting slogans and carrying signs saying "House Keys Not Handcuffs" as police officers looked on and blocked traffic.
When marchers reached the building, a two-story commercial structure at 888 Turk Street, they were met by activists dressed in black who had already entered the building and allowed them inside.
The march followed an afternoon rally in Union Square. The event, described in a press release as "poor people play April Fool's prank on Union Square," was promoted as part of a supposed 12-city April Fool's Day action designed to "demonstrate poor peoples' right to exist in public space."Speakers protested laws that keep homeless people from sitting, lying down, hanging out "and-perhaps worst of all-sleeping," organizers said. They claimed that citations for offenses like these comprised "roughly one third of all prosecuted offenses in San Francisco at the end of 2011." Paul Boden, one of the organizers, told the crowd at Union Square that area businesses "are targeting poor people as being bad for business. If you ain't shopping, they don't want you around here."
Before leaving Union Square, those assembled were joined by a contingent from Occupy Oakland, who arrived on an old AC Transit bus. The bus, decorated with graffiti and fitted with a screen door at its entrance, followed the marchers along the route.
Benny Evangelista is a San Francisco Chronicle staff writer. firstname.lastname@example.com
Read more: http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2012/04/01/BAP11NTE3K.DTL#ixzz1qqDvQAal
According to leaked documents (obtained by WikiLeaks), the DHS is monitoring OccupyWallStreet's Tumblr.
Members domesticterrorism, cartonrouge and laughing-rabbit of the OccupyWallStreet Tumblr blog may also be monitored by Homeland Security.
Two out of the three members follow this blog and they frequently reblog my post on the OccupyWallStreet blog.
The Twitter account @OccupyWallStNYC is also being monitored. It just so happens that they follow me as well.
Since this blog is arguably the most frequently updated and popular OWS-related Tumblr, I have reason to believe this blog is also being monitored and that could explain the frequent reportings.
If I find anything new, I will post an update. You can read the document here.
Why, hello Agent Scully! Hope you enjoy our updates.
I have NOTHING but sideeye for white folks in occupy movements that are marching thru manhattan and oakland today because "we are all treyvon" but repeatedly called POC "divisive" for wanting to bring up racism as an issue within the occupy movement and outside of it.
That's some bullshit.
Just so you know.
There's a difference between support and appropriation. It's one thing to say we support their cause, it's another to claim their cause as our own.
Liberty Plaza Re-Occupied for 6-Month Anniversary of Occupy Wall Street; Police Violently Raid | Sarah Jaffe | AlterNet
so, reoccupation, crackdown, broken windows, broken jaws, do we get to call it violence when the cops do it?
(via champagnecandy)


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click image to zoomModern Farm WifeModern Farm Wife blogger Jessica Folkema and her husband, "Dairy Man." Marrying the Dairy Man has inexplicably changed my vernacular, my vocabulary, and the stories I relay without a second thought. I am often shocked at the things that come out of my mouth. Seconds after nonchalantly finishing a sentence with, "…and that's how the cow broke out of the barn," I realize, with startling clarity, that I am slowly becoming desensitized to the things city slickers find abnormal.
I chat about feed prices. I regale mildly interested coworkers with tales of mischievous cattle. I utter words like "artificial insemination," "TMR," and "manure" without skipping a beat. It's shocking. Half the time I don't even realize I'm talking about something counter-Jess until I'm around a friend who knew me before I moved to the country. Their look of horror/shock/confusion provokes a moment of self reflection—"Um, how the heck do I know that!?"
I hope to cling to my urban roots for as long as I can. I don't want to lose my knowledge of the Chicago subway system or how to be an aggressive city driver, but as I spend more time out here, it's inevitable that I will slowly morph more deeply into my role as a farmer's wife.
This brings me to something I never EVER thought I would be discussing: cow poop. Or, for those with more delicate sensibilities, manure.
These are the facts: We have cows. Cows eat food. As with all animals, food has to be digested and then *ahem* disposed of. Our hundreds of bovine ladies spend a good majority of their day engaged in this disposal process. When the girls are in the milking parlor doing their thing, our employees drive a skidster (small loader) through the barn and push the latest offerings out into a manure pit.
Modern Farm Wife
Our dairy has several small pits. Please do not confuse them for ponds or reflecting pools. Not even the ducks would make that mistake.
Modern Farm Wife
The Dairy Man's father's dairy (also known as the home dairy) has a massively ginormous pit.
Modern Farm Wife
This baby is the size of a soccer stadium and can hold FOUR MILLION gallons of manure. Back in 2008, it was a thrilling addition to the farm.
Modern Farm Wife
Each winter, the cavernous pit fills to the brim. In the spring, we (as always, "we" is a loose pronoun) spend a couple of frenzied weeks emptying it out.
View All Blogs »


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Weather in December and early January was wet and cold. But rains came to a halt in mid-January with warm days and cold evenings, and the San Lorenzo River flow has decreased below 100 cubic feet per second. The weather pattern is perfect for Northern California rivers that are normally too high and too brown to fish.
The ideal steelhead water is medium high flows — "average" flows for the time of year. The optimal color for steelhead fishing is "steelhead green." This is an emerald green color when the river has three feet of visibility and glows with a green color. The rivers to our north have been at this level and color during this dry period.
I drove to Eureka with fishing friend Jeff Huntze, and we planned on meeting Jimmy Davis at the main stem of the Eel River the next morning. Our destination was the confluence of the South Fork Eel River and the main stem of the Eel River, where we would drift downriver in a river boat owned by Jimmy.
Our day started at dawn with frost on the ground and a river veiled with fog. A cold wind rushed down the river valley. We fished the first couple holes without a bite. But the water level and color were just right, so we anticipated a good day of fishing for wild steelhead.
By mid-morning, we had a couple of small steelhead, called half-pounders or egg eaters. The sun replaced the fog and warmed the air. It was great weather for steelhead fishing.
We fished hard until midday to catch a few smaller steelhead and caught and released a couple of nice-sized adults.
The final hole of the day brought us to a nice long willow run. This hole was kind to us, and we managed to hook and land two adult steelhead.
We had spent the day drifting eggs tipped with Fish Pills. The Fish Pill is a brightly colored foam ball that is used on the hook to keep the bait floating and attract bites with its bright color.
During the drift boat trip down the Eel, we had nice weather, lots of laughs and some beautiful sights, including bright shining steelhead and two bald eagles.
Steelhead season on the North Coast rivers, such as the Eel, and our local rivers will remain good through March.
- Mike Baxter has fished in the Monterey Bay Area since he was a boy and has been a licensed charter boat captain for more than 20 years. Contact him at email@example.com.


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News from WTOP
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Attorney: Woman accused of NYC subway push not fit
Tuesday - 1/29/2013, 11:53am EST
NEW YORK (AP) - Defense attorneys for a woman accused of shoving a man to his death from a New York City subway platform are contesting a ruling that she is mentally fit for trial.
The defense will have its own psychiatrist examine Erika Menendez.
Her arraignment, originally planned for Tuesday, was postponed until Feb. 27. Her family was in court but didn't comment.
Menendez is being held on a charge of murder as a hate crime in the Dec. 29 death of 46-year-old India native Sunando Sen. Sen was standing on a subway platform in Queens when he was pushed.
Authorities say Menendez pushed Sen because she thought he was Muslim. Sen was Hindu.
Authorities were called to her home several times in the past five years because she had not been taking prescribed medications and had been difficult to deal with.
(Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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