text: JL Audio CS212RG-W3v3-2 Sealed PowerWedge hatchback-style enclosure with two 12" W3v3 subwoofers Zoom Front Photos Videos My vehicle's homepage We don't check this item for fit or compatibility. Item #: 136S212R33 Review Summary 8 people say DISCONTINUED This item is no longer available to purchase. Contact us for other options Call Email Original price $699.99 Shop all Enclosures Shop all Enclosures x By buying this product you'll earn up to 700 Rewards points. When you sign up for a Crutchfield account, you'll be enrolled in Crutchfield Rewards. You'll earn one point for every dollar you spend on gear from us. You can turn your points into Rewards Cards that you can use toward future purchases. You can sign up for an account now, or after you complete your purchase (you'll get credit for the points either way). Sign up for a Crutchfield account Overview Details Customer Reviews Q&A Articles & Videos Accessories Our take on the JL Audio CS212RG-W3v3-2 by Dominic Devito Enclosed Subwoofers 101 An enclosed subwoofer is a box with a subwoofer already installed. The advantage to buying an enclosed sub is that the manufacturer made the sub, then designed and built the box as a perfect match, so you'll get the best possible performance. Every enclosed sub has a maximum RMS power handling rating, so pair it with an amp with a similar RMS power rating to get the best performance. Optimum performance that won't quit JL Audio's PowerWedge enclosed subwoofer systems deliver thunderous bass without needing a lot of power. Each enclosure is designed from the ground up to get optimum performance from its drivers, so you get much more than just a box with a speaker inside. Finished by hand for superior construction and sound JL Audio uses state-of-the-art automated woodworking equipment to fabricate high-quality MDF enclosures with rugged automotive carpeting, steel-mesh grilles, 5-way binding posts, and solid internal wiring. The enclosures are finished and inspected by hand at the manufacturing facility in Florida to ensure that you get the bass that you expect from JL Audio. Accurate bass firepower The CS212RG-W3v3-2 Sealed PowerWedge handles up to 1,000 watts RMS, housing a pair of high-performance 12" W3v3 subwoofers that pound out righteous low end. Each sub sits in its own individual chamber while the enclosure offers a single wiring terminal. The airtight sealed design allows the subs to deliver powerful, accurate bass without hogging up all your storage space. You'll hear more punch and impact from all of your music with this capable enclosure in your trunk or cargo area. See more info on this item Highlights:sealed hatchback-style enclosure with two 12" W3v3 subwoofers5/8" medium density fiberboard construction covered with gray carpetsteel-mesh grilles2-ohm overall impedancepower handling: 200-1,000 watts RMS (2,000 watts peak power)frequency response: 22-200 Hzsensitivity: 87 dB32-1/8"W x 14-11/16"H x 14-1/2"D1 x 9-7/16"D2warranty: 2 yearsOur 60-day money-back guarantee Hands-on research from the Crutchfield Labs (what are the Labs?) Features and specs chart | What's in the box? | In-depth notes Features and Specs General Woofer Size (inches) 12 x 2 Woofer Material Mineral-fill poly Enclosure Type Sealed Color Gray Pieces in System 1 Width (inches) 32-1/8 Height (inches) 14-11/16 Depth (inches) 14-1/2 Second Depth (inches) 9-7/16 Connector Type 5-Way post Frequency Response 22-200 Hz Power Range (Watts RMS) 200-1000 Maximum Wattage 2000 Sensitivity 87 dB Impedance 2 ohms Parts Warranty 2 Years Labor Warranty 2 Years Product Research What's in the box? Download owner's manual Sealed hatcback enclosure with two mounted 4-ohm 12" woofers Warranty Information sheet Our Product Research Team At Crutchfield, you'll get detailed, accurate information that's hard to find elsewhere. That's because we have our own in-house Product Research team — they open the box, verify contents, check the owner's manual, and record dimensions, features and specs. We stay on top of new products and technologies to help people make informed choices. Features Overview: This JL Audio PowerWedge subwoofer enclosure is designed around JL Audio's W3v3 subwoofer, delivering tight, powerful bass with enhanced power handling capabilities. The PowerWedge enclosure is properly sized and tuned for the mounted dual 12" JL Audio W3v3 woofers and wired for a 2-ohm load. PowerWedge Enclosure: The PowerWedge enclosure features solid V-groove MDF construction with internal bracing to ensure structural integrity. The subwoofer enclosure features an angled back design to help save space in the cargo area of your vehicle. The W3v3 PowerWedge enclosure is finished in high-grade automotive gray carpet and features two steel-mesh grilles to protect the two loaded JL Audio W3v3 woofers. The JL Audio PowerWedge enclosure features a pair of gold-plated 5-way binding posts on the left side of the box. The 4-ohm woofers are wired in parallel inside the box to provide a 2-ohm load at its speaker terminals. The JL Audio subwoofer enclosure has a installation depth of 15.875". 12" W3v3 Woofer: The JL Audio PowerWedge subwoofer enclosure features two mounted, front-firing 4-ohm 12" JL Audio W3v3-series woofers wired in parallel for a 2-ohm impedance load at the enclosure's speaker terminals: Dynamic Motor Analysis (DMA): DMA is JL Audio's proprietary method aimed at improving dynamic motor behavior. As a result of DMA optimization, W3v3 motors remain linear in motor force over a very long range of excursion, and also maintain a highly stable fixed magnetic field in the gap over a wide power range. The result is vastly reduced distortion, faithfully reproduced transients, and tight, clean, articulate bass. Floating Cone Attachment Method (FCAM): JL Audio's patented FCAM technology is an innovative method of bonding the surround/cone assembly to the voice coil/spider assembly. This assembly technique ensures proper surround geometry in the assembled speaker for better excursion control and dynamic voice coil alignment. Vented Reinforcement Collar (VRC): The Vented Reinforcement Collar is a composite structure that addresses two issues related to reliability. By reinforcing the critical junction between the cone, voice coil and spider, the VRC greatly reduces failures due to glue breakdown or material weaknesses. It does this by greatly increasing adhesive contact area and providing stress relief to the spider material at excursion extremes. the VRC also feature slots that facilitate air flow directly onto the voice coil windings to reduce thermal compression effects and enhances reliability. Spider/Lead Wire Assembly: The W3v3 features a unique spider, coil and terminal subassembly which is assembled prior to installation in the speaker frame for optimum alignment and glue-joint integrity. The spider is insert-molded into a composite carrier tray which also incorporates the terminal assembly and lead wire strain relief features for enhanced reliability and optimal alignment of parts. The flying lead wires are carefully controlled and strain-relieved without resorting to woven-in lead wires, which can degrade spider performance. Elevated Frame Cooling: The elevated frame design of the W3v3 delivers high-velocity air flow through slots directly above the top plate to the voice coil of the speaker. This not only enhances power handling, but also sound quality by minimizing dynamic parameter shifts and power compression. Surround Stress Relief: By creating a radiused feature on the edge of the cone, stress is relieved from the surround material at maximum forward excursion, resulting in longer life and more consistent surround behavior. Review this product Submit a review and then enter to win a $500 rewards card JL Audio CS212RG-W3v3-2 Reviews Average Customer Review: 8 people say: Review this product: Thanks for taking the time to share your experiences about this product. Please be sure to focus your comments on the product itself. Read our Review Guidelines for more information. Review title * Email Your email won't be visible. Please use the email address that is associated with your order. Display name (e.g., JohnD) Your review will be signed using the display name and location * Your location (e.g., Charlottesville, VA) * Your rating Click on a star to rate the overall product on a scale of 1-5 Rate the following specific attributes Value Sound Quality Ease of Use "Coolness Factor" Build Quality 1500 characters left * Your review Attach a YouTube Review Crutchfield Video Review Guidelines Only submit videos that you made or are authorized to use. Do not submit videos that contain music, video or visuals that are copyrighted and belong to someone else. Please see our Review Guidelines for more information. Submit the URL of your YouTube™ video review or product demonstration. e.g., "http://www.youtube.com/v/o79TWHh598U" 500 characters left Pros 500 characters left Cons * Agree to Terms By checking this box you agree your review becomes the property of Crutchfield, that you are over 18 years of age, that you own or have owned this product, and that you are located within the United States or its territories. Please see our Review Guidelines for more information. We reserve the right (but are not obligated to) review all submissions and edit or remove any review in any manner which we deem necessary. Your review should be posted within seven days. Filter by rating: 5 Star: (0) 4 Star: (0) 3 Star: (0) 2 Star: (0) 1 Star: (0) 5 out of 5 jl audio Written By scott, OK on Friday, March 14, 2014 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) Upgraded to this jl audio dual 12 box from a pair of comp vr12s. These cost twice as much but are 5× the sub. The comps would just simply not play those low bass notes. The 12w3s will make your ears hurt while playing those notes. All around best sub for the money period. Was this review helpful? Yes | No "Coolness Factor" Build Quality Ease of Use Sound Quality Value 5 out of 5 JL Audio CS212RG-W3v3-2 Written By Brant, Seattle, Wa on Wednesday, February 26, 2014 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) Fantastic product with awesome bass for an amazingly economical price. I've had much more expensive subs but these produce a much better quality bass. I have these hooked up to my Alpine PDX M-12 and it hits hard. Was this review helpful? Yes | No "Coolness Factor" Build Quality Ease of Use Sound Quality Value 5 out of 5 Wow Written By kyle k, Pasadena, MD on Tuesday, July 17, 2012 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) Bought these for my 06 ford mustang with a Rockford Fosgate T1000 and all i can say is wow. These subs with the proper power will have your neighbors listening to your music because they have to not because they want too. Recommend these subs to any BASS head out there and recommend the T1000 if you really want them to pound. Pros: compact, loud, clean, accurate. Cons: None so far 1 out of 1 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes | No "Coolness Factor" Build Quality Ease of Use Sound Quality Value 5 out of 5 Love them Written By LJK, Fairfax, VA on Friday, July 06, 2012 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) Honestly, I knew (and still know) very little about car audio other than I had just blown my 2 Rockford Fosgate Punches and I wanted something more reliable and figured if I was going to be spending more I wanted to get the best deal for the dollar. I only have the Punches to compare against considering my neighborhood is not one that appreciates high volume per se, and I don't know anyone with a quality sound system. In my experience, the JL's have a much more even quality in the range of the bass frequency I have them set to, whereas the Rockfords would hit some frequencies really well and then just completely distort with others in the same song which would drive me insane. Even at max volume, the JL's sound as clean as I think would be capable without spending over a couple grand. I listen to a lot of house music and heavy metal, and both sound equally awesome and powerful with the JL's. I also must add I'm only running them on half their capacity because I haven't been able to afford an amp yet to give them their full power - so even for half power to sound this awesome I am very pleased. I love that I can no longer rely on my rearview mirror because it keeps vibrating itself off the windshield; and that my parents can hear me coming a good 5 minutes before I get home (displeases them and makes me giggle like a little schoolgirl). 1 out of 2 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes | No "Coolness Factor" Build Quality Ease of Use Sound Quality Value 3 out of 5 Substantial Written By Adam, Chapel Hill, NC on Friday, July 03, 2009 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) I bought these with the first audio system I had ever installed. I have an 06 Ford Mustang and these fit perfectly on the ledge in the back and I kept my trunk space. These things will vibrate the daylights out of your car at medium frequencies, but they lack at power in the low notes. They start distorting at much lower volumes than I ever expected on the low notes. I am going to try putting these in a larger ported enclosure to see if that helps a bunch. My advice to anyone buying, if you want SQ with the option of rattling your car, these are great. If I was going for a just SQ build now, I would definitely put only one small subwoofer in. But personally I have discovered I am a basshead and if you have been watching videos on the internet of flexing cars and people not being able to stand the bass and want to be like that, this is not for you. I would suggest buying something more powerful and building your own custom enclosure. 6 out of 10 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes | No 5 out of 5 (2) 12w3v3-8 Written By Lucas, Fort Drum, NY on Wednesday, June 17, 2009 Had two of them installed in a generic dual sub sealed box. I upgraded from two 12w1v2 and was very impressed with the sound quality as expected. Wired @ 4 ohms from a 500/1v2 they never failed me until my golf clubs shifted into the excusion path and fried one of them. I returned them under warranty and received a new sub at no cost. I recommend the tight mesh grills (not included) if you intend on having any loose items that may come in contact with the subs. BMW 3 series without folding seats or ski-pass 2 out of 4 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes | No 5 out of 5 JL: deep, hard hitting BASS! Written By roberto08, Salinas, Ca on Sunday, October 19, 2008 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) wow. Very impressive. When I first took it out of the box I was a little let down by the size of the box. Previously, I had a "classic" rectangular sealed box and it sounded loud and was bigger than this one, but the reason I decided to go with this one is, because I figured a box by JL would sound much better. By the size of it at first I figured it wouldn't be any better, but i was wrong! The JL's hit very hard with deep bass. I have yet to play it at full volume, because I am still breaking in the subs, but wow, this thing is loud! Very impressed, I wouldn't go with anything, but JL audio. 4 out of 4 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes | No 5 out of 5 JL Audio CS212RG-W3v3-2 Written By xpresskyle, Birmingham,Alabama on Friday, October 17, 2008 I'm using a JL Audio A1400 amp at 500w RMS to these speakers. They sound great! I went around and around trying to decide which direction I would go in respect to subwoofers, I'm glad I chose this setup. Extremely clean, tight bass, I listen to old school heavy metal and country, the double bass is spot on with these. Throwing in some rap and turning the subwoofer level to 15 on my Alpine 9886 doesn't phase these woofers. They handle everything I throw at them and sound incredible doing it. Would buy again for sure. 8 out of 8 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes | No 1 question already asked What kinda amp do I need to run these subs at the right power levels so they sound good? Just want a good amp that will push these and can adjust to liking. Thanks [ Michael Jul 05, 2014 ] 1 answer Thanks for your question. For information on selecting the best amp for your subs I would recommend reaching out to an Advisor by phone (1-800-324-9695) or online chat. They will be able to help determine the differences between the amp models and help you make the best choice for your system. [ Krissy Staff Jul 06, 2014 ] Add accessories for the JL Audio CS212RG-W3v3-2 Add Accessories Add a Warranty It's critical to have good wire, and none is included with the sub. See all categories & accessories It's critical to have good wire, and none is included with the sub. Speaker Wire Dynamat helps reduce ambient road noise and your vehicle's "rattles," making it easier for you to hear your music better. Easy to install. Sound Deadening T-Spec 16-gauge Speaker Wire Black/white jacket priced per foot 13 people say Your Price: $0.69 Add to Cart T-Spec 12-gauge Speaker Wire Black/white jacket priced per foot 29 people say Your Price: $1.99 Add to Cart Stinger PRO Series Speaker Wire Priced per foot (16 Gauge) Options 16 Gauge-$0.39 14 Gauge-$0.65 Priced per foot (16 Gauge) Priced per foot (14 Gauge) 50 people say Your Price: $0.39 Add to Cart Dynamat 19100 License Frame Kit 15 people say Your Price: $14.99 Add to Cart Dynamat Xtreme Wedge Pack 1 sheet, 4 square feet 7 people say Your Price: $39.99 Add to Cart Dynamat SuperLite Tri-Pak Triple package 3 sheets, 12 square feet (Model #10612) 17 people say Your Price: $69.99 Add to Cart Dynamat Xtreme Trunk Kit 5 sheets, 20 square feet 13 people say Your Price: $169.99 Add to Cart Dynamat Dynaliner One 54" x 32" sheet (1/8" thick) 6 people say Your Price: $69.99 Add to Cart Why choose SquareTrade? The #1-Rated Protection Plan Thousands of people have reviewed SquareTrade Protection Plans — and made us #1. 5-Day Service Guarantee & Free Shipping We'll repair or replace your item in five business days or less after we've received it, or your plan is free. And, as always, we pay for all shipping. Protection from Normal, Everyday Use Repairing your average mechanical or electrical failure can cost as much as buying a new device. With SquareTrade, you're covered — including parts and labor. 3 Year Protection Plan Your Price: $89.99 Add to Cart 4 Year Protection Plan Your Price: $119.99 Add to Cart For a more in-depth review and enhanced detailed information on the JL Audio CS212RG-W3v3-2, please visit the Crutchfield website product page (/ISEO-rccbcspd/p_136S212R33/JL-Audio-CS212RG-W3v3-2.html ). x Sorry, the JL Audio CS212RG-W3v3-2 is no longer available for purchase. Looking for a similar item? Shop Enclosures Or, you can still... Write a review Purchase product accessories Download product manual Go × Front


text:
This quote is about churches.
Record how this quote makes you feel.
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John Wesley (June 17, 1703March 2, 1791) was an 18th-century Anglican clergyman and Christian theologian who founded the Methodist movement. Methodism had three rises, the first at Oxford University with the founding of the so-called "Holy Club", the second while Wesley was parish priest in Savannah, Georgia, and the third in London after Wesley's return to England. The movement took form from its third rise in the early 1740s with Wesley, along with others, itinerant field preaching and the subsequent founding of religious societies for the formation of believers. This was the first widely successful evangelical movement in the United Kingdom. Wesley's Methodist Connection included societies throughout England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland before spreading to other parts of the English-speaking world and beyond. He divided his religious societies further into classes and bands for intensive accountability and religious instruction.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Here are Brandy's questions:
1. Where do you buy most of your clothes?
I've worked from home for over 6 years so I buy very little clothing. In winter I wear jeans and t-shirts and in summer I wear shorts and t-shirts. Here is me today, wearing my current favorite shirt:
Yep - no makeup. I wish I had the fashion gene but I don't.
I will say that my friend Kim, now a fashion blogger with an awesome new blog My Style Challenge, turned me onto designer denim a few years ago and I will never, ever go back. I would rather have one pair of super nice jeans than anything else.... amazingly comfortable and makes my big butt look GOOD.
2. What is your favorite drink recipe?
Margarita punch, from my blogging BFF Lindsay:
one can frozen limeade
fill empty can half full with tequila
fill empty can 1/4 full with triple sec
one Corona
one Sprite
Mix and enjoy. Makes 4 margaritas, or two very big ones for the beach.
3. Describe your most memorable high school experience.
I was valedictorian and class president and I set a school record for number of awards I won my senior year. At the year end awards ceremony, I sat in the back row so that every time my name got called, everyone had to watch me do the long walk.
Man, I was one conceited biyatch and got my ass HANDED TO ME over and over at Caltech. Karma will get you, this I believe.
4. Is there a song that you always have to sing aloud every time?
If You Want to Sing Out Sing Out, from one of my favorite movies ever, Harold and Maude. I want to be Maude when I grow up. I want to be Maude now. She is pretty much my super hero.
I've been meaning to write a post on this for awhile. Every person EVER needs to watch this scene:
5. Do you prefer beach or mountains and why?
Beach girl 4eva. I grew up in a beach town and the beach is my all time favorite happy place. I have never had a bad day at the beach.
6. Do you still hang out with any of your childhood friends?
I grew up in Florida, went to college in LA, then lived in San Francisco, Atlanta, Chicago, and now Raleigh. I still talk to a couple of friends from Florida but no one lives in my area. Plus I went away to college before email was readily available to the public.... yes I'm old.
7. Coco Pebbles or Coco Krispies?
Cereal is dumb.
8. If you could meet one blogger (besides me of course), who would it be?
I would love to meet Andrea Scher. Between the Mondo Beyondo and Superhero Photo classes, she has helped shape my dreams and my photography in a way that no one else has.
OH WAIT. I already have a coffee date planned with her when I go to San Fran next month!!!! I am a crazy person about meeting my blogfriends.
9. If you were deserted on an island and could only have 3 beauty items, what would they be (not basic hygiene)?
Did you see the photo above? Considering I don't use 3 beauty items that are not basic hygiene, I don't know how to respond.
10. What is your favorite fancy coffee choice?
Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf caramel macchiato. WHY IS THERE NOT ONE IN THE SOUTH????
11. When did you get your first cell phone?
This will make me feel old. 1998? It was a couple of years after college. However... because I have a robo-ear, it is very hard for me to talk cell phone to cell phone to people, even with my hearing aid, so I try to avoid using my cell phone. I tell people this upfront then they always get offended.
Here's the deal, I am tagging everyone who read through this. If you complete the following 11 questions, post a link to your blog. Whoever entertains me the most with their answers will win an $11 Starbucks gift card. Winner announced Wednesday, February 22.
1. What is your favorite Girl Scout cookie?
2. What is the one item on which you always splurge?
3. What's the best book you've read in the last 10 years?
4. What is your favorite summer drink?
5. Spring or fall?
6. If you are not doing your dream job right now, what would it be?
7. Is there a better movie role model than Maude?
8. If you had $100 to spend at Target, what would you buy?
9. Have you ever tried boxed wine? If it was good, what was the brand?
10. If you could meet one blogger who would it be?
11. If I could photograph you doing anything, what would it be?


text:
Due to unforeseen circumstances, publication orders cannot be taken or processed at this time. Publication ordering buttons and links will not work.
On this page:
- What is proctitis?
- What causes proctitis?
- What are the symptoms of proctitis?
- How is proctitis diagnosed?
- How is proctitis treated?
- Eating, Diet, and Nutrition
- What if proctitis is not treated?
- Can proctitis be prevented?
- Points to Remember
- Hope through Research
- For More Information
- Acknowledgments
What is proctitis?
Proctitis is inflammation of the lining of the rectum, the lower end of the large intestine leading to the anus. The large intestine and anus are part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. The movement of muscles in the GI tract, along with the release of hormones and enzymes, allows for the digestion of food. With proctitis, inflammation of the rectal lining—called the rectal mucosa—is uncomfortable and sometimes painful. The condition may lead to bleeding or mucous discharge from the rectum, among other symptoms.
What causes proctitis?
Proctitis has many causes, including acute, or sudden and short-term, and chronic, or long-lasting, conditions. Among the causes are the following:
- Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). STDs that can be passed when a person is receiving anal sex are a common cause of proctitis. Common STD infections that can cause proctitis include gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, and herpes. Herpes-induced proctitis may be particularly severe in people who are also infected with the HIV virus.
- Non-STD infections. Infections that are not sexually transmitted also can cause proctitis. Salmonella and Shigella are examples of foodborne bacteria that can cause proctitis. Streptococcal proctitis sometimes occurs in children who have strep throat.
- Anorectal trauma. Proctitis can be caused by trauma to the anorectal area—which includes the rectum and anus—from anal sex or the insertion of objects or harmful substances into the rectum, including the chemicals in some enemas.
- Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Two forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)—ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease—can cause proctitis. Ulcerative colitis causes irritation and ulcers, also called sores, in the inner lining of the colon—part of the large intestine—and rectum. Crohn's disease usually causes irritation in the lower small intestine—also called the ileum—or the colon, but it can affect any part of the GI tract.
- Radiation therapy. People who have had radiation therapy that targets the pelvic area also may develop proctitis. Examples of those at risk are people with rectal, ovarian, or prostate cancer who have received radiation treatment directed to those areas. Symptoms of radiation proctitis, most commonly rectal bleeding, will typically occur within 6 weeks after beginning radiation therapy or more than 9 months after its completion.
- Antibiotics. Use of antibiotics may be associated with proctitis in some people. While meant to kill infectioncausing bacteria, antibiotics can also kill nonharmful, or commensal, bacteria in the GI tract. The loss of commensal bacteria can then allow other harmful bacteria known as Clostridium difficile to cause an infection in the colon and rectum.
What are the symptoms of proctitis?
Tenesmus—an uncomfortable and frequent urge to have a bowel movement—is one of the most common symptoms of proctitis. Other symptoms may include
- bloody bowel movements
- rectal bleeding
- a feeling of rectal fullness
- anal or rectal pain
- crampy abdominal pain
- rectal discharge of mucus or pus
- diarrhea or frequent passage of loose or liquid stools
How is proctitis diagnosed?
To diagnose proctitis, a health care provider will take a complete medical history and do a physical exam. The health care provider will ask the patient about symptoms, current and past medical conditions, family history, and sexual behavior that increases the risk of STD-induced proctitis. The physical exam will include an assessment of the patient's vital signs, an abdominal exam, and a rectal exam.
Based on the patient's physical exam, symptoms, and other medical information, the doctor will decide which lab tests and diagnostic tests are needed. Lab tests may include blood tests such as a complete blood count to evaluate for blood loss or infection, stool tests to isolate and identify bacteria that may cause disease, and an STD screening. The doctor also may use one of the following diagnostic tests:
- Rectal culture. A cotton swab is inserted into the rectum to obtain a sample that can be used in tests that isolate and identify organisms that may cause disease.
- Anoscopy. This test allows examination of the anal canal and lower rectum by opening the anus using a special instrument called an anoscope.
- Flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. These tests are used to help diagnose Crohn's disease. The tests are similar, but colonoscopy is used to view the entire colon and rectum, while flexible sigmoidoscopy is used to view just the lower colon and rectum. For both tests, a health care provider will provide written bowel prep instructions to follow at home before the test. The person may be asked to follow a clear liquid diet for 1 to 3 days before the test. A laxative may be required the night before the test. One or more enemas may be required the night before and about 2 hours before the test.
Cramping or bloating may occur during the first hour after the test. Driving is not permitted for 24 hours after a colonoscopy to allow the sedative time to wear off. Before the appointment, a person should make plans for a ride home. Full recovery is expected by the next day.
The above diagnostic tests may be performed at a hospital or outpatient center by a gastroenterologist—a doctor who specializes in digestive diseases.
How is proctitis treated?
Treatment of proctitis depends on its cause. The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation, control symptoms, and eliminate infection, if it is present. Only a doctor can determine the cause of proctitis and the best course of treatment. With proper medical attention, proctitis can be successfully treated.
Proctitis from Infection
If lab tests confirm that an STD or non-STD infection is present, medication is prescribed based on the type of infection found. Antibiotics are prescribed to kill bacteria; antiviral medications are prescribed to treat viruses. Although some STD viruses cannot be eliminated, antivirals can control their symptoms.
Proctitis from Other Causes
If antibiotic use triggered proctitis, the doctor may prescribe a different antibiotic designed to destroy the harmful bacteria that have developed in the intestines.
If proctitis is caused by anorectal trauma, the activity causing the inflammation should be stopped. Healing usually occurs in 4 to 6 weeks. The doctor may recommend over-the-counter medications such as antidiarrheals and those used for pain relief, such as aspirin and ibuprofen.
Treatment of radiation proctitis is based on symptoms. Radiation proctitis causing only mild symptoms such as occasional bleeding or tenesmus may heal without treatment. For people with persistent or severe bleeding, thermal therapy may be used to stop bleeding and inflammation. Thermal therapy is done during flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy and targets the rectal lining with a heat probe, electric current, or laser. Argon plasma coagulation is the most common thermal therapy used to control bleeding in radiation proctitis. In many cases, several treatments are required. Obstruction that results from a stricture—a narrowing of the rectum—caused by radiation proctitis may be treated with stool softeners in mild cases. In people with narrower strictures, dilation to enlarge the narrow area may be required. Sucralfate, 5-aminosalicylic acid—known as 5-ASA—or corticosteroid enemas can also be used to ease pain and reduce inflammation from radiation proctitis, although their effectiveness is limited.
When a chronic IBD such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease causes proctitis, treatment aims to reduce inflammation, control symptoms, and induce and maintain remission—a period when the person is symptom-free. Treatment depends on the extent and severity of the disease.
Anti-inflammation medications. Mild proctitis can often be effectively treated with topical mesalamine, either suppositories or enemas.
Some people with IBD and proctitis cannot tolerate—or may have an incomplete response to—rectal therapy with 5-ASA suppositories or enemas. For these people, the doctor may prescribe oral medications alone or in combination with rectal therapy. Oral medications commonly used for proctitis contain salicylate. These include sulfasalazine- or mesalamine-containing medications, such as Asacol, Dipentum, or Pentasa. Possible side effects of oral administration of sulfasalazine- or mesalaminecontaining medications include nausea, vomiting, heartburn, diarrhea, and headache. Improvement in symptoms, including a decrease in bleeding, can occur within a few days, although complete healing requires 4 to 6 weeks of therapy.
Cortisone or steroids. These medications, also called corticosteroids, are effective at reducing inflammation. Prednisone and budesonide are generic names of two medications in this group. Corticosteroids for proctitis may be taken in pill, suppository, or enema form. When symptoms are at their worst, corticosteroids are usually prescribed in a large dose. The dosage is then gradually lowered once symptoms are controlled. Corticosteroids can cause serious side effects, including greater susceptibility to infection and osteoporosis, or weakening of the bones.
Immune system suppressors. Medications that suppress the immune system—called immunosuppressive medications—are also used to treat proctitis. The most commonly prescribed medication is 6-mercaptopurine or a related medication, azathioprine. Immunosuppressive medications work by blocking the immune reaction that contributes to inflammation. These medications may cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea and may lower a person's resistance to infection. Some patients are treated with a combination of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive medications. Some studies suggest that immunosuppressive medications may enhance the effectiveness of corticosteroids.
Infliximab (Remicade). Researchers have found that high levels of a protein produced by the immune system, called tumor necrosis factor (TNF), are present in people with Crohn's disease. Infliximab is the first of a group of medications that bind to TNF substances to block the body's inflammation response. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the medication for the treatment of moderate to severe Crohn's disease that does not respond to standard therapies—mesalamine substances, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive medications— and for the treatment of open, draining fistulas. The medication is also given to people who have Crohn's disease with proctitis. Some studies suggest that infliximab may enhance the effectiveness of immunosuppressive medications.
Bacterial infection can occur with flare-ups of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. Antibiotics may also be used to treat flare-ups in people with IBD and proctitis.
For more information about the treatment of IBD, see the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC) fact sheets Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease, available at www.digestive.niddk.nih.gov.
Eating, Diet, and Nutrition
Drinking plenty of fluids is important when diarrhea or frequent passage of loose or liquid stools occurs.
Avoiding caffeine and foods that are greasy, high in fiber, or sweet may lessen diarrhea symptoms. Some people also have problems digesting lactose—the sugar found in milk and milk products—during or after a bout of diarrhea. Yogurt, which has less lactose than milk, is often better tolerated. Yogurt with active, live bacterial cultures may even help people recover from diarrhea more quickly.
If diarrhea symptoms improve, soft, bland foods can be added to the diet, including bananas, plain rice, boiled potatoes, toast, crackers, cooked carrots, and baked chicken without the skin or fat. If the diarrhea stops, a normal diet may be resumed if tolerated.
What if proctitis is not treated?
Proctitis that is not treated or does not respond to treatment may lead to complications, including
- severe bleeding and anemia—a condition in which red blood cells are fewer or smaller than normal, which means less oxygen is carried to the body's cells
- abscesses—painful, swollen, pus-filled areas caused by infection
- ulcers on the intestinal lining
- fistulas—abnormal connections between two parts inside the body
Can proctitis be prevented?
People who receive anal sex can avoid getting STD-related proctitis by having their partner use a condom. If anorectal trauma caused proctitis, stopping the activity that triggered inflammation often will stop the inflammation and prevent recurrence.
Other causes of proctitis cannot always be prevented. However, their symptoms can be treated by a doctor.
Points to Remember
- Proctitis is inflammation of the lining of the rectum, the lower end of the large intestine leading to the anus.
- Common causes of proctitis are sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), non-STD infections, anorectal trauma, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, radiation therapy, and antibiotic use.
- Treatment of proctitis depends on its cause; the goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation, control symptoms, and eliminate infection, if present.
- With proper medical attention, proctitis can be successfully treated.
- If infection is present with proctitis, antibiotics can be used to kill bacteria and antiviral medications can treat viral infections.
- People who receive anal sex can avoid getting STD-related proctitis by having their partner use a condom.
- If anorectal trauma caused proctitis, stopping the activity that triggered inflammation often will stop the inflammation and prevent recurrence.
- Some causes of proctitis cannot always be prevented, but their symptoms can be treated by a doctor.
Hope through Research
The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) conducts and supports research into many kinds of digestive disorders, including proctitis and two of its causes—ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The focus of research is as diverse as the array of health conditions that cause proctitis.
For example, some research targets proctitis resulting from STDs. One study examined the association between proctitis caused by lymphogranuloma venereum—a form of chlamydia—and enemas and high-risk sex.
Other research is exploring treatment of radiation-induced proctitis through
- enema therapy with rebamipide, a medication that may protect the rectal lining
- hyperbaric oxygen therapy, which increases the number of blood vessels and stimulates formation of collagen—the main protein in connective tissue
For More Information
American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons
85 West Algonquin Road, Suite 550
Arlington Heights, IL 60005
Phone: 847–290–9184
Fax: 847–290–9203
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: www.fascrs.org
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Road
Atlanta, GA 30333
Phone: 1–800–CDC–INFO (1–800–232–4636)
Fax: 404–371–5488
Email: email@example.com
Internet: www.cdc.gov/std
Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America
386 Park Avenue South, 17th Floor
New York, NY 10016
Phone: 1–800–932–2423
Email: email@example.com
Internet: www.ccfa.org
Publications produced by the Clearinghouse are carefully reviewed by both NIDDK scientists and outside experts. This fact sheet was reviewed by Brooks Cash, M.D., and Lindsay Jones, M.D., National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, MD.
You may also find additional information about this topic by visiting MedlinePlus at www.medlineplus.gov.
This publication may contain information about medications. When prepared, this publication included the most current information available. For updates or for questions about any medications, contact the U.S. Food and Drug Administration tollfree at 1–888–INFO–FDA (1–888–463–6332) or visit www.fda.gov. Consult your health care provider for more information.
The U.S. Government does not endorse or favor any specific commercial product or company. Trade, proprietary, or company names appearing in this document are used only because they are considered necessary in the context of the information provided. If a product is not mentioned, the omission does not mean or imply that the product is unsatisfactory.
National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
2 Information Way
Bethesda, MD 20892–3570
Phone: 1–800–891–5389
Fax: 703–738–4929
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: www.digestive.niddk.nih.gov
The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC) is a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). The NIDDK is part of the National Institutes of Health of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Established in 1980, the Clearinghouse provides information about digestive diseases to people with digestive disorders and to their families, health care professionals, and the public. The NDDIC answers inquiries, develops and distributes publications, and works closely with professional and patient organizations and Government agencies to coordinate resources about digestive diseases.
This publication is not copyrighted. The Clearinghouse encourages users of this publication to duplicate and distribute as many copies as desired.
NIH Publication No. 11–4627
July 2011
Page last updated October 2, 2011


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