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About the Geneabrarian
Heather Isbell Kramer
- Wired up and ready to go, I don't sit still for long!
Friday, January 6, 2012
Eliminating the Hobby from Genealogy
Having been involved with genealogy in one way or another for a number of years, I have become a firm believer that genealogy is more than a hobby. I began researching at a very young age and have since become a genealogy librarian with a strong background in archives, museums, and libraries. As a professional, this can be a difficult field and reminds me at times of the game Twister: one foot planted in the genealogy circle, one foot planted in the librarianship circle, one hand above me in technology, the other below me on archives or history or social sciences or some other area. To say that genealogy relies heavily on other areas of learning is an understatment as it is an extremely multidisciplary field!
Is genealogy really just a hobby?
What I have found more interesting (and increasingly bothersome) over the years is that genealogy is consistently referred to as a hobby. The field is branded as a hobby by researchers, historians, genealogists themselves, and those outside of genealogy that really do not know what it is about. There are many times that I hear genealogy librarians and self proclaimed professional geneaoligsts refer to the field as a hobby. Many probably use the term for lack of a better word or lack of a definition of what it is that genealogists do. Some probably do view it as a hobby. However, this belief can have lingering and catastrophic effects such as lower funding for local libraries and organizations that support genealogy collections, limited access to records on a all levels, and other fields looking down their nose at those "name collectors". Perhaps, I am one of the few concerned by this.
Genealogy as a hobby is a poor image to display. Really, the term hobby implies that it is non-essential, it is an extra, a nice thing to have. Why continue to fund something or provide access to records when it is just a bunch of people doing a hobby? Now genealogy cannot compete with the physical and medical necessities of life. However, genealogy does provide ready access to private histories of families that created nations. As families settled, grew, and moved, they created communities, buildlings, and participated in important events that define individuals, groups, society, and culture. The individuals and family groups of genealogy left an imprint in history. Sometimes discoveries made through genealogy research can change the history books! Also, genealogists as a group of people provide grass roots efforts for any number of projects and areas. The point being that there is so much more to genealogy, the term hobby cannot possibly give credit to what is accomplished.
Genealogy is a Research Method
Let me plead to your inner advocate and ask that genealogy be no longer referred to as a hobby. When looking at the ins and outs, genealogy can really be called a research method. A simple comparison of the scientific method and genealogy may help provide an understanding of what is meant by this.
Science usually calls for some sort of empirical data that rests on results, however many fields in the social sciences have adapted some form of a scientific method for the purpose of research. What is common among all of them is setting goals for questions, gathering information, hypothesizing, testing, anaylizing, drawing conclusions, and perhaps publishing results.
Defining questions and gathering information from sources comes naturally to most genealogists. Where was grandpa born? What happened to his first wife? These are examples what questions genealogists ask even if they are not aware they are doing it! Genealogists use libraries, archives, websites, and DNA for information. Some genealogists may hypothesize about the answers to their questions and use specific sources such as a book or manscript to test that hypothesize, then they can analyze their findings and adjust tactics as needed. Finally, genealogists can draw conclusions from all the activity and perhaps publish their findings with a periodical, journal, or a blog. Genealogists do this everyday as part of normal activity.
The Genealogy Brand
What genealogy needs is a cohesive brand that provides an understanding of what genealogy is and what genealogists do. This may be difficult given that the genealogy community is loosely defined. However, with prime time programs such as Who Do You Think You Are and the Ancestry ads among others, genealogy is being given an opportunity to show itself to the general public and other fields of research. What many are experiencing in the information profession is a resurgence of genealogy and family history that has not been seen in quite a long time. From those with a passing interest to those with a long standing passion to those with an affinity for documenting local history, there is much that maintains interest. These occurences are advantageous for promoting genealogy as a research method.
There are many reasons why we as genealogists should move on from genealogy as a hobby. In fact, I have written an entire paper on the topic (to be published soon). Since many would not want to be bored with the details in the paper, let me simply say that genealogy is at a pivotal point. Promotion of genealogical research methods and benefits of the field to other disciplines is a must for genealogy to continue to thrive and to be taken seriously. In order for this to be acheived, the word hobby must be eliminated as a definition for genealogy.
31 comments:
Amen & well said. Thank you! I have to say, I think the recent commercials for a certain subscription-based site has promoted the "you don't have to know what you're doing, just point & click" mentality. Consequently, it is now saturated with "amature/hobbyists" which makes it more difficult for those of us that do take it seriously! Don't get me wrong, I have subscribed to that site almost since its inception and love it, but I don't like the "point & click" mind-set it promotes. Just sayin'....ReplyDelete
I would have to disagree. Genealogy is very much a hobby to some and a profession to others. I think it absurd that professionals would refer to their profession as a hobby unless they are referring to those that they are researching for. The majority of people that are doing genealogy are, in fact, hobbyists. I don't think that hurts funding in the least. Genealogy is one of the fastest growing hobbies and that would increase funding for libraries if you have those people demanding access.ReplyDelete
I have been doing genealogy for over 10 years now and I was very much a hobbyist. I'm working toward making it my profession, but that doesn't mean that it's a profession for everyone, in fact the professional genealogical community is rather small.
Shows like WDYTYA? are not there for the professionals. Yes, we enjoy having them on there, but they are very much aimed at the hobbyist and those that may not have even begun researching their family history/genealogy yet. These types of shows are out there to help increase interest in genealogy, whether as a hobby or as a profession. And as far as SwampDog's complaint about "a certain subscription-based site", well I think if you read the genealogical riot act to someone that wants to start their family tree research you would be scaring away more people than you were drawing in. I don't think that anyone at Ancestry truly thinks that you need to only "point and click". It's marketing, and anyone beginning genealogy knows the high they get when they make that first discovery or connection. Some perform sloppy research. Some get better. I am concerned with how I conduct my research, and not how others conduct theirs.
Without hobbyists loving genealogy, professionals wouldn't have a job. I will always keep that in mind as I continue down my path toward certification, and I hope I don't ever forget it.
Your post was extremely well written and I can appreciate your post, but I can't agree entirely. We have to work to improve the community and how we are viewed without alienating non-professionals.
Thanks for posting!
Thank you both for your comments! Cheryl, this issue is much larger than defining if researchers are hobbyists or professionals. It is more or less looking at genealogy holistically. In fact, I do not consider myself a professional genealogist at all. I am not a CG. Neither am I a hobbyist. Whether someone identifies as a hobbyist or professional they are still practicing the resesarch method as described above and they are still part of significant field whether they realize it or not.ReplyDelete
Of course people are interested through shows such as WDYTYA and websites such as Ancestry. The marketing by both provides a magnifying glass for genealogy to promote itself. They are both attracting a great deal of attention to genealogy which is a great thing.
As a librarian, I can attest that identifying genealogy as a hobby for other professions is damaging. It does hurt with funding and with access to records. To make a general statement, genealogy is not taken seriously outside of genealogy. Recent limitations to vital records in certain states and redacting of SSDI information is proof enough. However, there are some bright spots out there. For example, Illinois opening up adoption records. Thanks again for your insight and good luck with certification. Personally, it is not for me as I believe it creates the very devisiveness you hinted at, but I can appreciate the dedication of those that follow through with it.
Geneabrarian wrote:ReplyDelete
>What genealogy needs is a cohesive brand that provides an understanding of what genealogy is and what genealogists do.
Thank you, Geneabrarian. You've managed to sum up a complex situation in a single sentence.
Cheryl is right that genealogy is *considered* a hobby by most practitioners and by most of the world at large. But you are right, too. We need a "cohesive brand" that unites, rather than divides.
The longstanding tug-of-war between "hobbyist" and "professional" is a self-defeating one. Two realities exist. First, we are totally codependent. We research the same families. Any wrong conclusion reached by any one of us is a wrong conclusion that misleads everyone working on that family. Second, both good work and bad work is done on each side of the idealogical divide.
Regardless of the hat we wear when we set out to study families of the past, genealogy is a *research* field. It's not a game of solitaire or an afternoon of knitting in which our screw-ups can be quickly unraveled with no affect on others. As in all research fields, most genealogical screw-ups--all those wrong conclusions--can be prevented by following the standards and practices that create reliability. Yet we have largely failed to get out that messsage.
Finding "a cohesive brand that provides an understanding of what genealogy is and what genealogists do," would go a long way toward helping both sides of the tussle realize that we all share a common mission.
Thank you very much as I appreciate the comments and insights! Realizing that many do view genealogy as a hobby within the field and without, my blog was an attempt to address the branding of genealogy as other than a hobby. Although those that come to genealogy may first find it as a hobby, they still use the same research method as family historians and professionals. I firmly believe that defining genealogy as a hobby is damaging and does not address all that genealogy accomplishes as a research method as stated in my original post. Some may identifying with genealogy as hobbyists and some as professionals, and that is their preference. The definition of genealogy as a hobby and its promotion as a hobby to other fields is not the definition of what we do.ReplyDelete
As I am sure you are aware, there have been many empirical studies done in other fields about how genealogists research, what sources they use, and how they interact with each other. These studies are mostly from librarians or archivists. Other fields are making their own definitions about genealogy and genealogists and it may not necessarily be to our advantage. This is important because genealogy is so multidisciplinary and it relies on records and access to materials in libraries, archives, and websites (aka those other fields). To address this concern, I believe that creating a different brand of genealogy that is more inclusive of what genealogists do might help define the field and promote the actual research that is accomplished rather than being termed as a hobby.
Let me just add, Elizabeth Shown Mills......you rock!
Wow - what an amazing post! So much to think about.ReplyDelete
I had never considered thinking of genealogy as a hobby as a bad thing - until this post. I never thought of it as "this belief can have lingering and catastrophic effects such as lower funding for local libraries and organizations that support genealogy collections, limited access to records on a all levels, and other fields looking down their nose at those "name collectors". I never saw it from this point of view.
But now it brings me to a new problem: What word to use then? What word possible captures everything that a genealogist does? How do you possibly even begin to define it? How to cast an umbrella over this ever growing, changing, and varying fields that this community encompasses?
I don't have the answer - but it has definitely given me food for thought.
Hi Elyse,ReplyDelete
Most people refer to themselves as a genealogist or family historian. How you identify with genealogy is something personal. No one can tell you to not refer to genealogy as your hobby. For some it is a hobby, a passing interest, or something they enjoy to do occasionally. For others it is something different. My goal was to point out that defining the subject of genealogy as a hobby does not encompass what genealogy is all about. How people identify with genealogy personally is different than how genealogy is viewed as a topic for a wider audience.
When speaking about genealogy I never use the word hobby. And I have had some really awesome debates with colleagues about this. Usually, I use words such as genealogy, family history, research methods, and explain the importance of records for research, etc.
Thank you so much for reading and understanding the topic of the post!
This post and the above comments really do bring us to the crux of a major problem in genealogy. I find myself agreeing with both Genebrarian and Cheryl, and for the reasons stated by Elizabeth Shown Mills. I do avoid the terms "hobby" and "hobbyist," yet, like Cheryl and Elyse, I do not aspire to be a professional genealogist. I prefer the terms "dedicated amateur" and "avocation." They capture the way I feel about genealogy and my relation to genealogy as I described in the post "Why I Want to Remain an Amateur" (http://gretabog.blogspot.com/2011/11/why-i-want-to-remain-amateur.html). Not wanting to be a professional does not mean that I am not extremely serious about genealogy - and I believe that Cheryl and many other hobbyists/amateurs share this attitude. ESM has homed in on the importance of the relationship between professionals and amateurs as well as the reason why people on both sides must be united in their focus on doing good research. I look forward to seeing a continuation of this discussion.ReplyDelete
Hi Greta,ReplyDelete
Cheryl is actually working toward becoming a professional through certification as stated in her comments. Although I am a librarian, I am not certified and do not desire certification to become a professional genealogist.
Again, this discussion is not really about what we want to call ourselves but rather how we can define genealogy for others to know what it is we do instead of labeling it as a hobby. It is about perception for those not in the genealogy field.
It had not occurred to me that the *terminology* we use might influence those who allocate funding to libraries. I am a family historian who now has a part-time business doing genealogical research, indexing, writing and publishing. In other words, I do 'personal research' and also 'paid research'. Some people have negative perceptions of 'professional genealogists', so I sometimes feel uncomfortable about describing myself that way.ReplyDelete
Oh my. Thanks to Elyse's Blog for giving me something else to think about. I've been doing my own family history since 1998, thinking of it as genealogy for a long time--but I knew I did it to find out who I am, and the old English teacher insisted I document Sources, and then it became all consuming...not a hobby like golf or Scrabble. Now I was leaving something for some descendent someday, sometime. Credibility will be gained over time by the TV shows, and the pervasiveness of Ancestry advertising. Until a "branding" happens, I'm going to call this mission of mine Family History. And put this blog on my Reader.ReplyDelete
Thank you Geneabrarian.
This comment has been removed by the author.ReplyDelete
Just posted a comment at Eyse's blog, where I started, but must add to this very good discussion, as well. The two words I come out with are Passion, and Avocation (Thanks to Greta). Also, for me, I always think of Family History and Genealogy not just genealogy. That is me. You are you... and I'm pleased to be a friend and colleague of each of you. THANKS! ;-)ReplyDelete
Awesome post, and very well-said! Thank you for clearing stating what so many of us are already feeling. It's interesting to me that all of this commentary has followed my recent post on, "Into the LIGHT", where I began by sharing that a relative of mine had referred to my genealogy work as a "hobby". This left me feeling befuddled, and (temporarily) insulted, and though it's been a couple of months since the statement was made, it instigated a response that simmered inside me until I wrote my post, just last week. If you'd like, you can read my post at this link: http://tinyurl.com/6q6uberReplyDelete
Thank you again for your eloquently-written post!
You are correct, Geneabrarian, Cheryl did state that she is working toward certification - my mistake. I focused on the terminology because that contributes to the perception that this pursuit is a mere pastime that does not have consequences if the quality of execution is not high - something that both professionals and dedicated amateurs want to avoid, as Elizabeth pointed our in her comment. I am employed in a field in which many of the people working as professionals are not qualified for the job, and down the line the consequences can be disastrous - all because people underestimate how difficult doing this job well is and what the fallout may be from doing that job poorly.ReplyDelete
Hi Greta, in re-reading my previous comment it appeared very curt. My apologies! I enjoy reading all kinds of comments even when the observations are opposite of my own. Its what makes the world go round.ReplyDelete
Thank you very much for posting a link to your blog. The posting you linked to was great to read. Like yourself, I do not have a desire to be a professional genealogist as I am of a different profession: librarianship. I refer to myself as a family historian. One of the best things about my job is that I get to explain the importance of records, their organization, and their uses for genealogy every day. It is always advocation of genealogy and archives at the reference desk!Replies
I like the titles Family Historian or "Genealogy Researcher." I have a bit of a problem with Genealogy being a "Research Method" because one must use many methods to achieve desired results. At least when I think of "methods" I think of searching films, talking to cousins, writing emails and searching Google as different methods.Delete
I like Genealogy "Research Field." I see that Hobby is not the right word, but neither passion, research method, addiction, avocation,or profession cover the place research and organization of records hold in the lives of those doing it. Good discussion.
I too am annoyed by words "hobby" and "hobbyist" in genealogy. I used the example of astronomy in a recent post (http://blog.geneablogie.net/2011/12/the-zen-of-genealogy/); it's a field in which so-called "hoobyists" have made huge contributions. Aviation is similar; no serious pilot, whether or not flying as her primary job, wants to be thoguth of as an "amateur" or "hobbyist." Having said that, I've always liked Greta's term "avocation," and I agree with you and Elizabeth Shown Mills that we need a "brand."ReplyDelete
Your post is very interesting as are all of the comments. Certification and professional in genealogy has been in the spotlight lately. I admire anyone who takes the initiative to better themselves in any area of their life, be it a hobby (taking golf lessons) or a profession (acquiring an industry certification).ReplyDelete
I can't help but wonder if the lack of accredited, university-level programs for genealogy has an impact on how the "brand" of genealogy is viewed. Brigham Young University has degree and certificate programs for family history and Boston University does as well. The University of Washington offers a genealogy certificate program through their continuing education program. What other university-level options are there? My local community college system does offer one or two classes that could be considered genealogical in nature, but no type of "program".
As a librarian you earn the respect as a professional because the "world" knows you had to go to college and earn a degree in order to have the title of Librarian. A Certified Public Accountant has the respect of the "world" because they were certified by an accredited body. Now before anyone gets up in arms thinking I am suggesting that a professional is only a professional if they have a degree or letters behind their name, don't. That is not what I'm suggesting or what I believe at all. I am discussing brand and how the "brand" of genealogy is viewed by the world, right or wrong. The genealogy brand is not what we "say" it is, it's what the world "perceives" it to be.
I do not believe that Ancestry.com's current advertising campaign helps with the perception of genealogy as a serious, academic pursuit. As a marketer I love it, it's brilliant! As an genealogist I know that it does not support or suggest that serious research is needed in genealogy. While we can't demand that the genealogy brand be viewed in a certain light we can certainly influence it through our actions and messaging to the "world". Unfortunately, we have opposing messaging being put out by companies with deeper pockets than our own. That makes it a tough perception to overcome.
Thank you for this post, I have read it and the comments several times. It really got me thinking!
This continues to be a very interesting conversation (spread out over a zillion blogs, lol).ReplyDelete
However, there's an ELEPHANT in the virtual room; namely 'MONEY'.
There are genealogists out there (you know who you are) that are scratching out a living 'doing genealogy'. They need the distinction 'professional' to be separate them from that of the 'hobbyists'. Ancestry.com needs the 'hobbyists' to subscribe to their offerings as there are more of them than 'professionals'. The 'professionals' need Ancestry.com for its resources. Thus, a subtle tug of war subsists. Because of money.
If you want to get PAID, you have to present yourself as a professional. End of that tale.
You can, of course, be a professional without ever seeking re-numeration. What defines you as a professional is your demonstrated skills, ethics and integrity in genealogical research.
Do credentials and certifications help? Boy, howdy! Are credentials and certifications the be-all and end-all? Not yet. Genealogy has to be "... recognized by researchers, historians, genealogists themselves, and those outside of genealogy..." as more than just a hobby.
I'm in total agreement with the Geneabrarian; strike the word 'hobby' from the conversation. Let those among us, who want to get PAID, prove their worth - and buyer beware. For the rest, continue doing what we do. The Ancestors appreciate you all!
Excellent post!
Peace & Blessings,
"Guided by the Ancestors"
In response to Jenna's question about What other university-level educational options are there?ReplyDelete
Monterey Peninsula College in Monterey, California offers the following:
The Family Research Studies program consists of the following core courses:
Course Title
Library Services 50
Introduction to Information Competency and Literacy
Library Services 60
Family Research Studies: Genealogy I
Library Services 61
Family Research Studies: Genealogy II
Library Services 62
Family Research Studies: Genealogy III
Library Services 63
Family Research Studies: Genealogy IV
Students have the option of obtaining a certificate of achievement or an Associate in Arts degree in Family Research Studies. The certificate requires 25 units, including the 13 units in the core courses listed above. The Associate in Arts degree requires a total of 60 units – 25 units in prescriptive courses, including the 13 units from the core courses listed above, plus prescriptive electives in business skills, geography, history, and other library studies courses.
The curriculum was developed by Karen Clifford, AG, FUGA who also authored six text books that are used in the courses.
I do not like the word "hobby" myself. To me a hobbyist in genealogy is someone who copies Printed Family Trees in order to collect names.ReplyDelete
When I have contacted some to inquire about the source of their information I have been told that they do not have it, they just copied the information.
We all (professional or amateur) spent a lot of time doing our research to obtain our information. I like Greta's term of avocation, or as my husbands states "She looks for dead people. Perhaps it is a research avocation...
Why is it that the "hobby" of watching football games attracts zillions of dollars and the "hobby" of researching your family is permission to cut funding? Football fans buy tee shirts and beer; genealogy fans buy scanners and copies of probate packets. Yet people in the business of serving football fans get public funds to build stadiums, while people in the business of serving genealogy fans get their library branches closed. I doubt that football fans get together to talk about how to become more professional or whether there should be standards for fans. Maybe we should be getting more vocal about our right to have a non-sport hobby?ReplyDelete
The discussion of "branding" of genealogy has run off and on in other arenas for at least the last four years. There are avocational golfers and professional golfers, avocational pilots and professional pilots, avocational mechanics and professional mechanics.ReplyDelete
It's been my impression the avocational genealogists and professional genealogists seem to have a much greater history of creating "sides" and the resulting tug-of-war. I have never understood this. Nor the animosity sometimes demonstrated against those who choose to move beyond avocation and become professionals in the sense of vocation. Even more animosity sometimes directed at those who work so hard to earn professional credentials.
You don't see this in the golfing community, where the "profession" seems to be held in high regard. We look for licensed plumbers, board-certified legal or medical specialists.
It's almost as if someone needs to stand up and loudly proclaim that it's OK to be an avocational genealogist and it's OK to be a professional.
This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.ReplyDelete
One additional comment from me on this blog. I appreciate difference of opinions and always try to view things from the other side. However, name calling and personal attacks do not help in any ongoing discussion. If you disagree with me that is your right and I respect your opinion. If in any comments there is a high degree of flaming and personal attacks I WILL DELETE YOUR POST!ReplyDelete
Let me just add that before comments are written, it might be helpful to re-read the posting one more time to make sure you understand what the point of it is.
Thank you to those that contributed to respectful dialog in the blogging community
I think the recent problems with the Social Security Death Index are a perfect reflection of the negative aspects of genealogy. The fact remains that the perception of genealogy as a hobby is no different (outside of the field) than the perception of philately (stamp-collecting) as a hobby. No matter how many genealogists have objected to the loss of the SSDI, Congress and the SSA have not listened. Why not? Because in their view, the risk of identity theft outweighs the needs of a bunch of hobbyist name-collectors.ReplyDelete
Two generations of genealogists have tried to correct this perception problem, through the creation of standards, the promotion of "scholarly genealogy" as an academic field, etc. Unfortunately, this has not been enough to change the perception. Maybe this is because "avocational" genealogists do not universally accept these standards -- maybe it's not.
It is clear that it is not enough for us to stop calling genealogy a "hobby," we somehow have to convince *other people* -- non-genealogists -- to stop thinking of it as a hobby.
Thank you Michael for understanding the topics of the blog post: "It is clear that it is not enough for us to stop calling genealogy a "hobby," we somehow have to convince *other people* -- non-genealogists -- to stop thinking of it as a hobby." These are very true words.ReplyDelete
I started seriously researching my family in 1978 in the days before Ancestry.com, Google, Find-A-Grave and other gems that now allow me to search deeper. I spent an extraordinary amount of time in research libraries, state archives, NARA, LDS centers, courthouses, and countless hours on the road. I seriously believe that my years as a genealogist help me tackle on the largest projects in my life/career - my doctoral dissertation. I used many of the tools I learned through the school of hard knocks to get through that process. Thanks genealogy - not just for the casual hobbyist - but the serious researcher.ReplyDelete
Hi Jim, just read your blog post A Higher Education Rebranding Interview at http://collegerebranding.blogspot.com/ and found it be very informative concerning the college and university designation. It is always great to read about other fields of research and learn from them.ReplyDelete
This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.ReplyDelete
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Wake up right with Top Shelf Coffee NBA decaffeinated ground gourmet coffee. The Colombian Supremo blend is the perfect combination of full, authentic flavor and rich, warm undertones. Features two 12oz. bags.
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- Team logo adorns the front of each bag
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Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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Tom Lilly is in his 17th full season at the helm of Creighton's women's and men's tennis programs. He leads the Bluejays into their first season in the BIG EAST Conference in 2014. Lilly has been a part of Bluejay tennis for 25 years. He spent five years as a player, redshirting one season and later served three years as an assistant coach for both teams.
He took over as interim head coach in the spring of 1997. Lilly was later named head coach of both the men's and women's teams at the end of that season.
Despite losing senior captain Billy Paluch to an injury early in the season at No. 1 singles and No. 1 doubles, Lilly directed the men's team to a 7-11 mark in the 2012-13 season and finished sixth in the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC).
Seniors Ryan Norman and Sean Mathison each earned MVC Scholar-Athlete Awards at the end of the season. In addition, freshman Quinn Dippel claimed the MVC Men's Tennis Athlete of the Week honor in April.
The Creighton tennis teams combined to lead the nation by claiming 15 individual academic awards from the Intercollegiate Tennis Association (ITA) after the 2012-13 season.
On the annual spring break trip to Florida, the men's team split four matches at 2-2 and is now 21-5 all-time under Lilly in the Sunshine State since 2002. Lilly holds a 146-196 overall record in 16 completed seasons at the helm of the men's team.
Lilly has 317 coaching victories during his campaign coaching both men's and women's tennis. He earned his 300th victory during a 7-0 sweep of UNO by the men's team on Apr. 12, 2012.
He also had success coaching MVC All-Conference players, coaching eight MVC All-Conference women's players and four men's players, including Billy Paluch in 2012.
As a player, Lilly racked up 128 victories, which is good for third on the Creighton all-time career wins list. Sixty-four of his wins came in singles play, placing him fifth on the all-time singles charts. The other half of his wins came in doubles, a number that ties him for the all-time lead on the Creighton charts. In his first two years Lilly held down the No. 3 singles and No. 2 doubles positions.
As a sophomore, he tied the school record for the most combined wins at the singles and doubles positions with 39. He also holds the school record for the most doubles wins in a season at the No. 2 position with 18 wins. Lilly was voted the team's Most Improved Player both as a freshman and sophomore.
After sitting out a season as a medical redshirt, Lilly returned for his junior and senior seasons. He competed at the No. 1 singles and No. 1 doubles positions both years and is in the school record books at both positions. At the No. 1 singles position, he finished second in school history with 18 wins during his senior season.
As a junior, Lilly broke the school record at the No. 1 doubles position with 17 wins (he later coached Billy Paluch and J.T. Christian to a new record of 21 wins during the 2009-2010 season). He was the team's captain in his final two seasons and was voted the Most Valuable Player as a junior. He graduated from Creighton in 1993 with a degree in theology. For his collegiate accomplishments, Lilly was named to the MVC All-Centennial Team in 2007. He was the only male player from Creighton selected to the team and coached the only Bluejay women's player on the list, Katie Chiw.
During the summer months, Lilly also serves as the head tennis professional at Oak Hills Country Club in Omaha. He is married to former Bluejay tennis player Jean (Fougeron) Lilly, who serves as the assistant coach for the women's squad. The couple has a 13-year-old son, TJ, and a nine-year-old daughter, Kaitlyn Elise.


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Richard Freeman has studied and lived for nearly nine years in India and Asia, and is an avid student of both Western and Eastern philosophy, as well as Sanskrit. He incorporates various traditions into the Ashtanga Yoga practice taught by his principal teacher, K. Pattabhi...
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Buns, Rolls, Bread, and Beyond: 10 Recipes for Homemade Sandwich Breads
Recipe Roundup
When building your perfect sandwich, what's your perfect bread? Whether it's still warm squishy white bread or a crusty baguette, it's hard to beat homemade. Where to start? This morning we gave you 5 good tips for making better sandwich bread at home. But before you put those in practice you need a recipe, right? Right! Here are recipes from our archives for fine sandwich breads, from a basic whole wheat loaf and pita pockets, to cinnamon raisin bread and potato dough rolls (sooo good with ham!).
• 1 How to Make Your Own Hamburger Buns - Soft and fluffy hamburger buns make a great base for nearly any sandwich.
• 2 Potato Dough Rolls - Soft and a little sweet, these make amazing sandwiches with ham and mustard.
• 3 How to Make Easy Homemade Pita Bread - With pockets and everything! Stuff with a lot of salad for an easy, light lunch.
• 4 How to Make Ciabatta Rolls and Loaves at Home - A good ciabatta roll is maybe the ultimate sandwich starter.
• 5 Basic White Sandwich Bread: Start with a classic - light and springy white bread beats store bought every time.
• 6 Whole Wheat Sandwich Bread: Still soft and perfect, with a touch of whole wheat.
• 7 • Beginner Sourdough Loaf: Tangy sourdough adds that unmistakable flavor to your lunch.
• 8 How to Make Cinnamon-Raisin Swirl Bread - Makes an amazingly good grilled cheese sandwich!
• 9 Recipe: No-Knead Challah - A soft, rich bread for a sandwich that needs a little something extra.
• 10 No Time Bread: If you're short on time look no further than this recipe for bread in (no joke) about an hour.
What's your favorite homemade sandwich bread recipe?
Related: How to Shape a Sandwich Loaf
(Image: Emma Christensen)
3 Comments
I love these light brioche buns from Comme Ca via the NY Times: http://nyti.ms/1kD0Zx. My (somewhat misshapen) take on them: http://bit.ly/Nt8RY8.
I love making buns (and other kinds of bread) for my homemade burgers. It's a nice feeling when the whole meal is from scratch.
I made grillable vegan beet burgers, and grillable flatbread to go with them.
And semolina buns to go with burgers made from black quinoa.
And sweet potato buns seasoned with smoked paprika and cardamom to go with spicy black bean burgers.
I simply cannot wait for the heat wave in So Cal to let up so I can start baking again. I miss my freshly baked bread!


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- Musician's Friend Best Selection, Price & Service. Guaranteed.
Need Help? Call our Gear Heads at 800-449-9128Private Reserve Guitars 866-926-1923
Need Help? Call our Gear Heads at 800-449-9128
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Easy-to-play egg-shaped shakers. Set of 2 gives you a distinct accent sound.
Dunlop's drummer's version of Formula 65 is perfect for common drum wood finishes and bright metal trim.
Restore old, tarenished cymbals and make them shine like new!
A total drum set cleaning solution!
Our product catalog varies by country due to manufacturer restrictions. If you change the Ship-To country, some or all of the items in your cart may not ship to the new destination.


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Hi everyone
I was wondering if anyone could help me i'm after a new camera and have been searching and researching eg reviews sample images i would like a camera thats good at wildlife, lanscapes, close ups, holiday pics etc .
I would be willing to spend £300 on the camera itself but also i would like to do a course on photography so i can understand better the processes of taking great pictures as well as learning to get the most out of my camera i have looked at a lumix lx3 and the sample pictures i have seen are gorgeous also is a large zoom really necessary for my needs.
here's hoping for some advice


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Alexander Kristoff finished sixth after crashing Wednesday, while two other BMC Racing Team riders also went down in pile-ups on Stage 4 of the Amgen Tour of California.
Collision Near The Finish
Most seriously hurt was Steve Morabito, the team's best-placed rider overall (19th, 27 seconds behind). Another rider collided with him inside the final two kilometers and he bruised his right elbow and hip. "I tried to remain in the front on the circuit to stay out of trouble," Morabito said. "But the guy in front of me hit a hole or something and rolled over. I tried to avoid him, but it was on the edge of the road." Kristoff and Simon Zahner also crashed in a pile-up with 30 km left, but neither was seriously hurt.


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Screening Effects in Probing the Electric Double Layer by Scanning Electrochemical Potential Microscopy
R.F. Hamou[1], P.U. Biedermann[1], A. Erbe[1], and M. Rohwerder[1]
[1]Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
A computational method is developed to study probing the electric double layer by Scanning Electrochemical Potential Microscopy. The model is based on a modified Poisson- Boltzmann equation, which takes into account steric effects. We investigated the effect of metallic apex protrusion and the Open Circuit Potential (OCP) of the tip on the probed potential. A clear electrostatic screening effect ...
State of Charge (SOC) Governed Fast Charging Method for Lithium Based Batteries
F. Naznin[1]
[1]TVS Motor Company Ltd., Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India
The proposed State of Charge (SOC) governed fast charging method for secondary lithium based batteries charges a battery many times faster than the normal Constant Current-Constant Voltage (CC-CV) charging and reduces the side-effects generally accompanied by various fast charging methods. The proposed charging algorithm takes into account the varying internal impedance of the battery at ...
Analysis of Porous Media-flow
Jiunn-Chi Wu
National Central University
This presentation considers the analysis of electroosmotic flow in porous media. Electroosmotic flow is a flow that occurs in microchannels, and is driven by the effect of an electric double layer at the solid-fluid interface. Electroosmotic flow has already been widely utilized in biomedical/biochemical applications to transport, separate and control fluids and samples. This presentation ...
Simulation of Production Processes using the Multiphysics Approach: The Electrochemical Machining Process
R. van Tijum
Advanced Technology Center, Philips Consumer Lifestyle, Drachten, The Netherlands
Redmer van Tijum studied Applied Physics at the University of Groningen. In 2006, he received his PhD title on 'Interface and surface roughness of polymer metal laminates' in the field of Material Science at the University of Groningen. After that he became research and development engineer at Philips, where he focussed his attention on the improvement of production processes mainly ...
Numerical Modeling of the Bistability of Electrolyte Transport in Conical Nanopores
H. White[1], L. Luo[1]
[1]Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
A characteristic feature of nanochannels is that surface properties (e.g., electrical charge) play a more significant role in the transport of fluid and electrolyte. Two oppositely directed flows (electroosmotic flow and pressure-driven flow) determine the flow profile at the nanopore orifice as well as electrolyte distribution. Once there are two electrolyte solutions with different ...
The Fast Model for Ionic Wind Simulation
A. Samusenko[1], Yu. Stishkov[1], P. Zhidkova[1]
[1]Saint Petersburg State University, Research and Educational Center "Electrophysics", St Petersburg, Russia
Ionic wind is the gas flow induced by the corona discharge. Ions produced by corona are accelerated by electric field and transfer their momentum to neutral molecules. Using ionic wind one can convert electric energy to kinetic energy of air flow almost directly. The phenomenon of ionic wind finds applications in electrostatic precipitators and ionizers. It is difficult to solve the complete ...
Analysis of Electro-Thermal Hot Spot Formation in Li-Ion-Battery-Cells
W. Beckert[1], C. Freytag[1], T. Frölich[1], G. Fauser[1]
[1]Fraunhofer IKTS, Dresden, Germany
The presented model approach offers a computational efficient tool to analyze the influences of geometrical design details, material selection and operational conditions on the electro-thermal behavior of a full Li ion battery cell geometry. It considers typical aspects as anisotropic winding structure, electro-thermal coupling and nonlinear electrical characteristics for moderate computational ...
Mathematical Modeling of a Lithium Ion Battery
R. E. White[1], and Long Cai[2]
[1]R.E. White & Associates LLC, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
[2]Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
The existing lithium ion battery model in COMSOL's Multiphysics software is extended to include the thermal effects. The thermal behavior of a lithium ion battery is studied during the galvanostatic discharge process with and without a pulse. The existing lithium ion battery model in COMSOL 3.5a is extended by adding an energy balance and the temperature dependence of properties of ...
Modeling Galvanic Corrosion
E. Gutierrez-Miravete[1], M. Turner[2]
[1]Rensselaer at Hartford, Hartford, CT, USA
[2]General Dynamics-Electric Boat, Groton, CT, USA
Galvanic corrosion is encountered in marine applications because one often has dissimilar metal joints and seawater acts as an electrolyte. One metal acts predominantly as anode and undergoes material dissolution while the other acts predominantly as cathode and is the site where a cathodic reaction takes place. Assuming a stagnant electrolyte, the equation governing the distribution of ...
Numerical Simulation of the Electrical Double Layer Based on the Poisson-Boltzmann Models for AC Electroosmosis Flows
P. Pham1, M. Howorth1, A. Planat-Chrétien1, and S. Tardu2
1Département des microTechnologies pour la Biologie et la Santé, CEA/LETI, Grenoble, France
2LEGI, Grenoble, France
In this paper, the analytical validation of Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation computed with COMSOL Multiphysics in the case of a polarized surface in contact with an electrolyte, is first presented.COMSOL Multiphysics algorithms easily handle the highly nonlinear aspect of the PB equation. The limitations of the PB model, that considers ions as point like charges, are outlined. To account for the ...


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It refers to best gang the SURENOS{SOUTHSIDERS}SUR means south and the 13 refers to the 13th letter in the dictionaryM for their original name Mexican Mafia aka LA EME & since most of their member were from south california they called each other Sureno{southerner}
Sureno:what U is
Sureno:sur 13 puto{unloads gun clip}
pussy ass Norteno:187ed{dead}
pussy ass Norteno:Nor 14
Sureno:sur 13 puto{unloads gun clip}
pussy ass Norteno:187ed{dead}
by l1l Jok3r October 09, 2005
Sur 13 is another name for the Sureños (Spanish for "Southerners"), a group of Mexican American street gangs with its origins in the oldest barrios of Southern California. Sur 13 also stands for "Southern United Raza." Raza is Spanish for "Race." The Number 13 stands for the letter "M," paying homage to the Mexican Mafia Aka La Eme.
See Sureños
See Sureños
Sur 13 = Sureños
Sur 13 = Southern United Raza
Sur 13 = Southern United Raza
by Paul Wall Da People's Champ December 31, 2009


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Select 24-30 lb.
dog food bags
Select cat food
Halloween aquarium & decor
Select food & hay
on next Bath or Full Groom
with purchase of any dog toy,
treat or bag of dog food
We see a future where every pet finds a lifelong, loving home. We are a nonprofit that saves the lives of homeless pets.
By partnering, donating and volunteering, we support organizations dedicated to improving their communities.
We can connect you with the right pet. Save a life today.
on your favorite pet essentials in stores & online
or Great Savings on favorite items
You order it, we'll fetch it!
|Store Name
|City, State, Zip/Postal
|Phone Number
|3340 FM 544 Ste 800
|Wylie, TX 75098
|(972) 442-2253
|Store Details


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This is NOT a set! Standard Hardware is sold individually per piece. You will need to add quantities to complete a set in order to assemble a skateboard.
Skateboard mounting hardware is a set of eight 10-32 bolts, usually with an allen or philips head, and matching lock nuts. Skateboard hardware is used to attach the skateboard trucks to the deck. Length of hardware will depend on risers.
What size hardware do I need?
7/8" to 1" - No Riser
1" to 1 1/8" - 1/8" Riser
1 1/4" - 1/4" Riser
1 1/2" - 1/2" Riser
Complete your board at Warehouse Skateboards with our huge selection of skateboard decks, skateboard trucks, skate wheels, and skateboarding accessories.


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With both law school and the law school application season about to resume, let's return to our popular series of Law School Success Stories. While we believe it's important to provide our readers with accurate information about the perils of law school, including data about high lawyer unemployment and crushing student debt, we like to balance out the doom and gloom with stories of successful lawyers who made winning bets on legal education.
Today's success story comes to us via the august pages of the New York Times. Even though this young lawyer didn't go to a top-tier law school, he's enjoying a phenomenal legal career, marked by fame and fortune.
His story contains valuable lessons for people thinking about, or already enrolled in, law school. Let's learn more about him, shall we?
Continue reading "Law School Success Stories: He Loves the Nightlife"


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Riga Old Town Hostel & Backpackers Pub
A warm welcome awaits you in our World Famous Backpackers Pub which has earned the reputation of being one of the cosiest and friendliest hangouts in Riga. The first Hostel you'll see when you leave the Bus Station and enter the Old Town. We're so close to it you can see our sign when you leave the station and walk under the railway bridge. All the Old Towns attractions are within a few minutes walk.
NEW FOR SUMMER '11 - All 10 and 12 People Rooms now with AIR CONDITIONING
Because, we only have 40 beds, we are a relatively small place compared to other hostels in Riga which allows us to provide a top quality personal service that combines genuine Irish Hospitality and Latvian friendliness.
*Unbeatable Location
*Comfy Pre-made Beds with Proper Mattresses.
*All rooms Ensuite
*Safety Lockers for each bed
*All the Old Towns attractions are within a few minutes walk.
The ground floor of the hostel is occupied by The Backpackers Pub which provides an amazing social atmosphere and makes it very easy to meet people. Sorry, but you will meet people if you stay here:)
*A cosy English styled pub
*Huge selection of Teas
*Local Beer on Tap
*Live Music at least Twice a Week (check Facebook or all events)
*Happy Hour Every Day
*Tasty Cocktails, Awesome Shots & Free Smiles
*Vodka Tasting Evening
*Latvian Food Nights - Bulls Testicles and Smoked Pig Tongue Included
*No Hangovers - (Not Gauranteed)
We really want our guests to get the most out of their stay in Riga and have a number of alternative ideas that other hostels and Guide Books just dont offer.
Availability & RatesTo view availability and prices please select dates and click 'Update Dates'
Hostel Facilities & Policies
- 24 hour reception
- 24 hour security
- Age Restriction
- Air Conditioning
- Bar
- Bicycle parking
- Breakfast not included
- Credit Cards Accepted
- Free City Maps
- Free Internet Access
- Free Wifi
- Fussball
- Hot Showers
- House Keeping
- Linen Included
- Lockers
- Luggage Storage
- No Curfew
- Non Smoking
- Outdoor Terrace
- Reading Light
- Taxes included
- Tours/Travel Desk
- Towels Included
Cancellation PolicyThis property has a 1 day cancellation policy. Failure to cancel within this time will result in a cancellation charge equal to the first night of your stay.
DirectionsShow MapHide Map
From Bus Station:
Turn left when you exit the Bus Station and walk under the railway bridge. Go through the underpass to cross the street. When you come up on the other side of the street you will see the hostel 20m in front of you. Easy
Train Station:
Exit the train station and turn to the left. Continue along the street, passing Stockman on your left, till you reach the staircase which will lead you down to the underpass. Go through the underpass to cross the street and then continue straight for about 20 metres.
Take bus 22 till the stop called shopping centre STOCKMANN. Then go through the underpass to cross the street. Then continue straight about 20 metres.
For hitch-hikers and cyclists
-try to get to the old town then use the map- (the map you can print off after clicking the blue house and tree symbol on the front page of our site.
If you come by car, you can park outside to check in but parking laws on our street change alot so we will advise a place in secure parking close to us.
Located Near
We are located at 43 VALNU IELA in Riga's Old Town. For a detailed map and instructions on how to find us please visit our website.
We are close to everything you will need while staying in Riga:
Airport Bus Stop - 50 metres
Central Bus Station - 100 metres
Central Train Station - 300 metres
Supermarket - 50 metres
Bars - Most are within 5 minutes


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ArmorStep 2x60 feet
On Sale Now $295.42 / piece Was:
This 1/2 inch thick PVC mat has an enhanced, wear-resistant, pebbled top surface that is extremely durable and resists moisture and common chemicals.
This Product Ships UPS Ground, FedEx Ground and/or Freight.
Please review our shipping disclaimer.
NOTE: This item is a custom order and is not returnable.
Customer Reviews


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Longtime barber Mike Earnhardt dies from Lou Gehrig's disease
GRANITE QUARRY — Mike Earnhardt lost his three-year fight with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or Lou Gehrig's disease, dying Saturday at his home in Granite Quarry.
The Post had featured Earnhardt in a couple of stories over the past year, during a period in which the men's group at his church also held a "Cruise 'n Barbecue" twice to raise funds for Earnhardt and his wife, Lisa.
Last December, Earnhardt was the second ALS patient in North Carolina to receive a Diaphragm Pacing System to assist his breathing as the disease progressed.
Earnhardt, 61, was a longtime barber in Salisbury, working a chair at the Southgate Barbershop from 1971 until the disease forced him to quit and sell the business in 2010.
A cycling enthusiast, Earnhardt also was a well-known member of St. Paul's Lutheran Church, where he had been a council member and head usher. A visitation for Earnhardt will be held from 10 to 11 a.m. Tuesday at the church, followed by his funeral at 11 a.m.
Contact Mark Wineka at 704-797-4263.


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Protecting the bay: Ike Dike won't stop bay flooding
Building a levee across the mouth of Galveston Bay not be stop bad things from happening behind it.
Building a levee across the mouth of Galveston Bay not be stop bad things from happening behind it.
LEAGUE CITY — Cabela's, the world's largest seller of hunting, fishing and outdoor gear, plans a 72,000-square-foot store at the intersection of Interstate 45 and Big League Dreams Parkway.
LEAGUE CITY — The crosstown rival Clear Springs Chargers came out swinging and put the Clear Creek Wildcats in an unfamiliar spot Thursday night.
MISSOURI CITY — The Texas City Stings on Thursday were held under 300 total yards offense, turned the ball over three times, had nine penalties for 55 yards and completed only three passes.
The Galveston City Council changed the way it appoints members to some city boards. Slowly, people are realizing that change could have huge implications.
Early Saturday morning I took my daughter, Kai, to the D'Feet Breast Cancer run at Moody Gardens. She had a great time and did the kids 1K, which was the first race she'd ever entered.
At Galveston Island Oktoberfest, the wursts are the best, the bier is free-flowing and it's never too hot for lederhosen.
A returning performance of "The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus" will be presented by the Galveston College Theater Department at 2 p.m. and 7 p.m. today and 7 p.m. Saturday in Room FA-207 of the Fine Arts Building at Galveston College, 4015 Ave. Q, in Galveston.
CHARLOTTE, N.C. (AP) — Chiquita shareholders have rejected plans to merge with Irish fruit importer Fyffes that would have made the world's largest banana supplier.
SAN ANTONIO (AP) — The Texas inspector general has found that four Child Protective Services workers failed to follow protocols in the case of an 8-year-old girl who died under their watch.
Or, use your facebook account:
8522 Teichman Road, Galveston, Texas 77553
7800 Emmett F. Lowry Expy., Texas City, Texas 77591
Phone: 409-683-5200 | News: 409-683-5239
Circulation: 409-683-5260 | Classifieds: 409-683-5301
© Copyright 2014 Galveston Newspapers Inc. Terms
Or, use your facebook account:


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Mountain Dew x Boo Johnson x Supra Amigo "Mountain Boo"
December 7th, 2012 by Aaron Hope | 2 comments
Supra signed Mountain Dew pitchman Lil Wayne to a partnership earlier this year, but they'd already had a 'Dew You' rider in their midst for a good while. Hailing from remote Tehachapi, California, Boo Johnson somehow found enough asphalt and elements in the Kern County deserts to hone his street skating skills, and though he's still technically an amateur, dude has quite a few sponsors ready to take that to the next level. The Crown brand and the most 'extreme' soda link up on this latest Supra Amigo, appropriately titled 'Mountain Boo', and bring back some classic bottle aesthetics to compliment a green suede (Boo clearly loves green suede) lowtop design. MTN DEW hasn't been shy about marketing to a demographic that has plenty of overlap with the sneakerhead community; might we see more looks like these now that the above is available from Supra?


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Mauro Santambrogio got the green light to contest Thursday's stage of the Vuelta a España and the result was an eighth-place finish for his fourth top 10 result of the year.
Santambrogio Gaining Power
Santambrogio was one of six riders from the BMC Racing Team in a group of 25 that reached the base of the three-kilometer climb at the end of the 175.4 km race. "Steve was a little bit behind, but (BMC Racing Team Directeur Sportif) John Lelangue said for me to try for the stage," Santambrogio said. Race leader Joaquin Rodriguez (Katusha Team) soloed to the stage win as Santambrogio arrived 28 seconds later. Since finishing sixth at Clasica Ciclista San Sebastian earlier this month, Santambrogio said he has started feeling better, despite conceding a total of 12 minutes on back-to-back mountain-top finishes earlier this week. "For me, this Vuelta is not about general classification ambitions, only to help Steve. I hope I can help him and maybe also get a result for the team." Morabito finished 20th, 51 seconds back, and slid one place on the overall standings to 14th. "Philippe Gilbert, Alessandro Ballan, Brent Bookwalter and Amaël Moinard did a good job of getting me positioned as we went right-left-right on the small streets before the climb," Morabito said. "I'm happy that I am still in contention for the general classification."


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High-performance, four or two-bay NAS for the home or small office with advanced features and a full suite of apps for a truly customized NAS experience.
High-performance, four or two-bay NAS for the home or small office with advanced features and a full suite of apps for a truly customized NAS experience.
- My Cloud EX2
- My Cloud EX4
- Highlights
Expandable storage.
Choose the diskless enclosure to add up to four drives and grow as your needs expand. Or, choose a populated system that works right out of the box.
Easy to set up, easy to manage.
Effortlessly install drives or hot swap within five seconds with WD's advanced, all-metal enclosure design. WD's powerful dashboard means you are always in control.
Extensive data protection.
You're armed with multiple options to secure your data from loss. Choose RAID 0, 1, 5, 10 or select from spanning and JBOD modes for even more options to manage your data.
- Overview
Your options are endlessChoose the diskless enclosure with easy drive install and hot swap to effortlessly add up to four drives and grow as your needs expand. Or, choose a populated system that works right out of the box, featuring WD Red hard drives for ultimate compatibility in the unique 24x7 NAS operating environment.
High-performance NASDual Ethernet and power supply ports; 512 MB memory and 2.0 GHz processor deliver reliable, blazing-fast performance for your home or small office.
Drive management and data protection at its bestYou're armed with multiple options to secure your data from loss. Choose RAID 0, 1, 5, 10 or select from spanning and JBOD modes for even more options to manage your data.
Award-winning desktop and mobile appsWith WD's My Cloud mobile and desktop apps, you can upload, access and share your documents from anywhere. Conveniently transfer files from your public cloud accounts to My Cloud EX4 directly from the mobile app.
Easy to manageA powerful dashboard and LCD display means your system is always under your control. Monitor your drives, manage users and utilize energy-saving features. Email and mobile alerts keep you informed on My Cloud EX4 status.
Powerful apps to customize your NASFeaturing industry-leading apps, including aMule, Icecast, Joomla!, phpBB, phpMyAdmin and SqueezeCenter.
Advanced serving optionsIntegrated file server, FTP server, backup server and P2P download server.
Stream media to your connected devicesStream videos and photos to connected TVs, media players, gaming consoles and other DLNA/UPnP devices. Features a Twonky 7.2 and a DLNA-certified 1.5 media server. And with My Cloud EX4's iTunes server, you can easily stream your music collection.
Back up,Protect your data with remote backup to another My Cloud EX4, integrated cloud backup or local LAN/WAN backup. PC users, WD SmartWare Pro offers options for how, when and where you back up your files for up to ten computers. Mac users, utilize all the features of Apple Time Machine backup software to protect your data.
your way
Increase your personal cloud capacitySimply attach a compatible USB hard drive directly to one of the two USB 3.0 expansion ports on My Cloud EX4 and instantly expand your storage capacity.
Integrated energy-saving featuresSave money on your energy bill with disk spin-down and scheduled power on/off.
Your own personal cloudUnlike public clouds, My Cloud EX4 allows you to keep all your content in one safe place on your home or office network instead of a remote server. No mysterious location of your data. No monthly fees. No limits. Just blazing-fast performance for your high-speed digital life.
Advanced featuresiSCSI target, full-featured FTP services, link aggregation and failover support, jumbo frame support, iPv6 ready, UPS support (USB and network), real time resource monitor, volume encryption with boot-up password, SNMP and virtual volumes.
- Accessories
- Specifications
- Compatibility
Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP (SP3) operating system; Mac OS X Mountain Lion, Lion and Snow Leopard operating systems; DLNA/UPnP devices for streaming; Internet connection for remote access.
Package Includes
- Four-bay personal cloud storage
- Ethernet cable
- Power supply and cable
- Quick Install Guide
- Management and Protection
Speed (RAID 0)
RAID 0 mode provides disk striping across all drives in the RAID drive group. RAID 0 does not provide data redundancy but does provide the best performance of any RAID levels. RAID 0 breaks up data into smaller segments and stripes the data segments across each drive in the drive group.
Data protection (RAID 1)
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JBOD & spanning
JBOD is the use of one or more drives not in a RAID configuration but managed as separate logical volumes. Spanning is the combination of drives in a linear fashion to create one large logical volume. The advantage of using this mode is that you can add more drive without having to reformat the system.
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text:
SRF Replacement - Constraints Part
From OMAPpedia
[edit] Introduction
This wikipage describes the efforts of replacing constraints part of the Shared Resource Framework (SRF).
Here is an overview presentation: File:Latency constraint summary.ppt
[edit] SRF Replacement - Constraints Part
[edit] Types of Latency Constraints
- Interrupt latency or System latency
- This is the total amount of time taken once an interrupt occurs to the time the interrupt handler is scheduled.
- Depends mainly on the system sleep state or C state.
- Since different C states take different amount of time to wakeup, the interrupt/ system latency constraint actually governs the deepest C state acceptable to the system at any given time.
- Device latency constraint
- This is the total amount of time taken for a device to become accessible.
- It includes turning the clocks on, bringing the clockdomain out of inactive, power domain out of RET or OFF (with context restore) state.
- This constraint mainly governs the deepest device idle state (only clocks cut, clockdomain in inactive, Powerdomain in RET or off) acceptable to the device at any given time.
- Throughput latency constraint
- This constraint can be used to set the minimum L3 rate in the system
[edit] Details of Interrupt Latency
- pm_qos framework (kernel/pm_qos_params.c) already has support for CPU_DMA_LATENCY
- The CPUidle menu governor also looks at CPU_DMA_LATENCY before deciding on the target C state
- The omap-pm apis (omap_pm_set_max_mpu_wakeup_lat and omap_pm_set_max_sdma_lat) and be used to internally update the pm-qos framework which already does use-counting.
- User needs to create a pm_qos handle and this handle is used to identify the device putting the constraint.
- API Details:
- int omap_pm_set_max_mpu_wakeup_lat(struct pm_qos_request_list **qos_request, long t);
- @qos_request: handle for the constraint. The pointer should be initialized to NULL
- @t: maximum MPU wakeup latency in microseconds
- void omap_pm_set_max_sdma_lat(struct pm_qos_request_list **qos_request, long t);
- @qos_request: handle for the constraint. The pointer should be initialized to NULL
- @t: maximum DMA transfer start latency in microseconds
[edit] Details of Device Latency
- When a device is ready to idle, it calls the omap_device_idle api. Today, this turns the clocks off and eventually the clockdomain/powerdomains transition to the respective states.
- Without any device latency constraints in place a device calling omap_device_idle could hit a OFF state.
- The initial proposal is to map device states to various powerdomain states supported.
- The omap-pm api (omap_pm_set_max_dev_wakeup_lat) called by the device will map to a given powerdomain state acceptable to the device.
- This can be implemented by extending the current powerdomain framework to keep track of all the devices in the domain and their acceptable latencies. For each powerdomain, latency information for each state supported will also be needed.
- Implementing the api will involve identifying the powrdomain the device belongs to, determining the lowest acceptable latency among *all* other devices in the powerdomain and then mapping the latency to the target powerdomain state.
- API Details
- int omap_pm_set_max_dev_wakeup_lat(struct device *req_dev, struct device *dev, long t);
- @req_dev: struct device * requesting the constraint, or NULL if none
- @dev: struct device * to set the constraint one
- @t: maximum device wakeup latency in microseconds
[edit] Details of throughput constraint
- User can can set the required throughput by using throughput API omap_pm_set_min_bus_tput
- User needs to calculate the throughput based on the usecases requirement.
- throughput is mapped to l3 frequency using the formula l3_freq = (throughput in KB/sec * 1000/4)
- API Details
- void omap_pm_set_min_bus_tput(struct device *dev, u8 agent_id, unsigned long r);
- @dev: struct device * requesting the constraint
- @tbus_id: interconnect to operate on (OCP_{INITIATOR,TARGET}_AGENT)
- @r: minimum throughput (in KiB/s)
[edit] Proposed Implementation
- OMAP PM layer - API's exported to driver are defined here
- Any driver can place constraints
- Designed for existing omap-pm layer
- -1 to release constraint, otherwise 0 or higher (acceptable latency in us)
- We can't assume that only releasing the constraint will lower power
- Lowering the constraint can still trigger power state change
void omap_pm_set_max_dev_wakeup_lat(struct device *dev, long t) { /* existing code */ 1. Look for devices' power domain (multiple step lookup as starting with general device) 2. Use device pointer as identifier for constraint request if (t == -1) pwrdm_wakeuplat_release_constraint(pwrdm, dev); else pwrdm_wakeuplat_set_constraint (pwrdm, dev, t); }
- Power domain layer – constraint enforcement/ tracking implemented here
- State change happens by programming next state
- If device is already in low power state, do a wakeup before programming next state
- powerdomain struct extended to capture following:
- Power domain's wakeup latency for each supported power state
- List header for wakeup latency constraint placed by all devices in this domain; can be defined in powerdomains44
struct powerdomain { /* existing entries*/ const u32 wakeuplat[NUM_FUNC_PWRST]; static LIST_HEAD(wakeup_lat_constraint_list); } static struct powerdomain core_44xx_pwrdm = { .wakeuplat = { [FUNC_PWRST_OFF] = 50, [FUNC_PWRST_OSWR] = 30, [FUNC_PWRST_CSWR] = 5, [FUNC_PWRST_ON] = 0, }; }
- 3 Scenarios: new constraint, update old constraint, or release it
pwrdm_wakeuplat_set_constraint (struct powerdomain *pwrdm, stuct device *dev, long lat_us){ 1. If new constraint, add a new entry to wakeup_lat_constraint_list 2. If already existing, update entries' latency value 3. pwrdm_check_for_state_change (pwrdm) } pwrdm_wakeuplat_release_constraint (struct powerdomain *pwrdm, char *lat_dev_name){ 1. Remove this devices' constraint from wakeup_lat_constraint_list 2. pwrdm_check_for_state_change (pwrdm) } pwrdm_wakeuplat_update_pwrst (struct powerdomain *pwrdm){ 1. min_latency = find_min_wakeup_latency_constraint (pwrdm) //go through the list for minimum latency value 2. find power state that has latency lower than minimum constraint 3. if (pwrdm->state != new_state) pwrdm_set_next_pwrst (pwrdm, new_state); // existing function to program next state }
[edit] Implementation Schedule
Post PM Workshop Deliverables for SRF Replacement - Constraints Part
|Target Date
|Comments & Actions
|Start with the design as aligned in the workshop and implement check for state change function
|30-Jun: Completed 23-Jun: On track
|Resolve any compilation issues & test on zoom3
|New: 07-Jul Old: 28-Jun
|07-Jul: Faced few issues with test code which had to be developed for testing device latency constraints 02-Jul: debugging & functionality testing 23-Jun: None
|Internally post device latency constraints for review
|New: 19-Jul Old: 12-Jul
|19-Jul: Vishwa provided the review comments; 14-Jul: Delayed as Vibhore is on leave 07-Jul: None
|Fix review comments, re-validate & post to LO
|New: 06-Aug Old: 28-Jul
|11-Aug: Posted to LO 04-Aug: Posted to PM domain mailing list & fixing review comments received; validation on OMAP4 is limited due to non-availablity of CORE RET & OFF in OMAP4 till now 21-Jul: Revalidation on OMAP3 will be done by 23-Jul and on OMAP4 by 28-Jul
|Validate device latency constraints on OMAP4 & post to LO
|Not started
|11-Aug: Patches are there; they need to be validated on OMAP4 once CORE RET & CORE OFF is supported on OMAP4
|Depends on availability of CORE RET & CORE OFF functionality on OMAP4
|Implement interrupt latency constraints using PM QoS
|New: 21-Jul Old: 15-Jul
|21-Jul: Vishwa has completed the implementation 14-Jul: Delayed as Vibhore is on leave 07-Jul: None
|Post RFC patches for interrupt latency
|New: 22-Jul, Old: 19-Jul, 30-Jun
|04-Aug: Submitted to L24.9 21-Jul: No major comments expected as the changes are straight forward 07-Jul: Prioritized the device latency constraint implementation which is new 02-Jul: Delayed, 23-Jun: None
|Implement throughput constraints & post RFC patches
|New: 24-Aug Old: 13-Aug, 06-Aug 30-Jul, 22-Jul
|In progress
|18-Aug: Posted OMAP3 patches to LO; OMAP4 testing is ongoing - target 24-Aug for posting11-Aug: Delayed due more time needed to address the internal review comments received 04-Aug: Posted to internal mailing list; fixing the review comments received. Targeting 06-Aug for posting to LO. Anyway, this feature has a dependency on CORE DVFS 21-Jul: Basic implementation is done; OMAP3 validation targeted for 23-Jul; OMAP4 validation will start once CORE DVFS with min defconfig is functional on OMAP4
|07-Jul: Requires DVFS functionality which is available on OMAP3 today and will be done for OMAP4 by the target date
|Extensive testing on OMAP3 & OMAP4 and rework to address review comments
|New: TBD Old: 31-Jul
|Not started
|21-Jul: Needs to be done during PM camp as drivers expressing constraints need to be in place; may happen by Sep end 23-Jun: None


text:
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One Piece Episode 441
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[Adobe Creative Cloud] [Illustrator CC] [Rufus Deuchler, Sr. Worldwide Design Evangelist] Adobe Illustrator is a key tool in the day-to-day workflow of most designers. And for Illustrator CC we have innovated the core tools that creative professionals depend on. Live corners lets you intuitively edit the corners of shapes and paths. You can now work visually using on-art controls or if precise control is needed, enter specific values at any time. With multiple options for the appearance of corners, you can now finesse your designs quickly and with great precision. Working with paths is at the heart of any design in Illustrator, and using the new reshape action, you can naturally drag a path segment into the shape you want. And this path segment reshape is built into multiple tools and is available to you when you need it, whether you are creating new paths or editing existing art. The Pencil Tool is ideal for sketching free-form designs or to give a hand-drawn appearance to existing shapes and paths. With advanced technology that defines better curves and additional options for creating both curved and straight lines, the new Pencil Tool may just change the way you approach drawing vectors in Illustrator. Ever wanted to have just the set of tools you use frequently? Well, now you can; just drag and drop any tool into your own Custom Tools Panel, which can then be saved as part of a custom work space. And, if needed, a simple click allows you to re-access the original tools panel. And if you're a Windows user, Illustrator is now optimized for high-resolution displays. And if you're working with the newest tablet computers on Windows 8, Illustrator supports pressure-sensitive pen drawing and is also optimized for direct touch. For Web designers, Illustrator can now save your designs as responsive scalable vector graphics. And if SVG is used in a round-trip workflow, the artwork remains crisp and aligned to the pixel grid. With Illustrator CC, you can work with tools that are more flexible, letting you design, edit, and deliver your work with outstanding ease. It's Illustrator CC, and it's only available in Creative Cloud. [Adobe Creative Cloud]
Adobe Illustrator CC: what's new in January 2014
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About This Episode
Discover what's new in Adobe Illustrator CC. Use Live Corners to easily edit the corners of shapes and paths. Draw with a Pencil tool has been completely rebuilt for more precise curved paths and straight line segments. Fluidly drag path segments into the shape you desire. Export scalable, responsive SVG files that can adapt to different screen sizes and resolutions. Get access to more than 800 Adobe Typekit desktop fonts right from within Illustrator, and more.
Runtime : 00:02:16 Added : 01/16/2014
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Hi all,
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