text:
John C. Goodman: What's the Alternative to Obamacare?
Recorded: Tuesday, July 1, 2014
Independent Institute Senior Fellow John C. Goodman, author of "Priceless: Curing the Healthcare Crisis" describes how the Affordable Care Act, or Obamacare, with its 27,000 pages of rules and regulations, has omitted some basic market-based concepts that would benefit all consumers. Goodman outlines the changes that would make such a healthcare system function, utilizing his extensive knowledge of the subject. Goodman is known as the "Father of Health Savings Accounts" whose suggestions for healthcare reform have been heard around the country. In this video, he highlights what is wrong with Obamacare, and offers his bold ideas on sensible healthcare reform.
Experts: John C. GoodmanType: Independent Institute TVIssues: Antitrust, Competition, and Monopoly, Bureaucracy and Government, Business, Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Economic Policy, Free Market Economics, Government Power, Government Waste/Pork, Health Care, Politics, Public Health/ Consumer Protection, Regulation and Deregulation
New MyGovCost App Demo!
Recorded: Friday, June 13, 2014
How much Washingtons spending is costing YOU? Enter your age, income, and education level and the calculator shows exactly what youre paying for national defense, welfare, education, national debt, and more even federal programs, as well as the entire federal budget.
Along with the calculator, the free MyGovCost iPhone and iPad mobile application contains blogs, Op-Eds, videos, and news from The Independent Institute and MyGovCost.org.
Experts: Lawrence J. McQuillanType: Independent Institute TVIssues: Bureaucracy and Government, Business, Culture/ Society, Economic History and Development (U.S.), Economic Policy, Economists, Fiscal Policy/Debt, Free Market Economics, Government Waste/Pork, Labor and Employment
Dr. Ron Paul Liberty Defined: The Future of Freedom
Recorded: Wednesday, April 9, 2014
Ron Paul, the former 12-term Congressman and Presidential candidate,
takes a candid look at Americas increasingly dysfunctional political
system. Drawing on his 24 years in Congress, he highlights the need
to rein in unchecked government power. The author of numerous
#1 New York Times bestselling books, Dr. Paul is a leading advocate for individual liberty, privacy, limited constitutional government, low taxes
and spending, free markets, restrained foreign policy, and sound money.
Experts: Ron PaulType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Defense and Foreign Policy, Economic History and Development (U.S.), Free Market Economics, Government Waste/Pork, Political Ideology and Philosophy, Privatization
Dr. Ron Paul Liberty Defined: The Future of Freedom
Recorded: Wednesday, April 9, 2014
Experts: Ron PaulType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Constitutional Law, Culture/ Society, Diplomacy and Foreign Aid, Economic History and Development (U.S.), Economic Policy, Government Power, Government Waste/Pork, Political Ideology and Philosophy, Politics, Regulation and Deregulation
Burton Abrams on KKSF's Bob Zadek Radio Show
Recorded: Sunday, March 30, 2014
Research Fellow Burton A. Abrams appeared on the "Bob Zadek Radio Show" on KKSF in San Francisco. Abrams talks about the MyGovCost calculator and his book The Terrible 10 and the top ten economic blunders in the last century.
Experts: Burton A. AbramsType: RadioIssues: Bureaucracy and Government, Economic History and Development (U.S.), Economic Policy, Government Waste/Pork, Political Ideology and Philosophy
Robert Higgs Discusses Crisis and Leviathan
Recorded: Friday, March 28, 2014
Robert Higgs discusses his book 'Crisis and Leviathan: Critical Episodes in the Growth of American Government' at the Ludwig von Mises Institute.
Experts: Robert HiggsType: TelevisionIssues: Bureaucracy and Government, Economic Policy, Free Market Economics, Government Waste/Pork, History (U.S), Political Ideology and Philosophy
Smart Growth
Recorded: Friday, March 21, 2014
Senior Fellow Lawrence J. McQuillan exposes Government misappropriation of gas tax revenue to fund "smart growth" urban development programs.
Experts: Lawrence J. McQuillanType: Independent Institute TVIssues: Agriculture, Bureaucracy and Government, Economic Policy, Environment, Government Waste/Pork, Land Use, Regulation and Deregulation, Urban Issues
Maura McEnaney on Willard Garvey at Wichita Rotary Club
Recorded: Monday, October 28, 2013
Maura McEnaney, author of Willard Garvey: An Epic Life, speaks before the Rotary Club of Wichita on October 28, 2013, about her new book published by The Independent Institute's LibertyTree Press.
Experts: Maura McEnaneyType: TelevisionIssues: Business, Culture/ Society, Economic Policy, Entertainment, Family, Government Waste/Pork, Housing, Privatization, Trade


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This page
Collection Statistics for Arizona Memory Project Statistic Summary from: AMP_ Jan2009_ StatsDb. mdb Collection Name Total hits for the month A Celebration of the Human Spirit - Japanese- American Reloca... 10,828 Adjutants General of Arizona 7,948 Arizona Archives Historic Photographs 249,549 Arizona Attorney General Opinions 18,378 Arizona Aviation History - The Ruth Reinhold Collection 14,615 Arizona County and Local Publications 1,044 Arizona Executive Orders 5,324 Arizona Landscapes Collection 66,726 Arizona Postal Stations 10,167 Arizona State Agency Publications 16,672 Arizona State Archives - State, County and Local Government ... 8,219 Arizona- related Federal Publications 9,089 Arizona's Saints and Shady Ladies 5,755 ASU Science Pioneers 1955- 1970 5,131 Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Company ( Albq Division) ... 37,637 Basketry from the Pueblo Grande Museum 3,409 City of Glendale Council Minutes of 1910- 1914 1,052 Cochise College Libraries- Cochise County Historical & Archeo... 2,532 Cochise College Library Digital Collection - Rock Art of Coc... 3,085 Cochise County Clerk's Office - Bisbee Deportation Documents 4,020 Colorado Plateau Digital Archives Selections 7,443 Congressman John Rhodes Collection 2,349 Printed on: Monday, February 09, 2009 Page 1 of 3 Collection Name Total hits for the month Courtship, Wedding and Marriage Beads 4,349 Early Cave Creek, Arizona 8,540 Early Life in Taylor, Arizona 3,139 Early Publications of Yavapai College 472 Father Augustine Schwarz Photograph Collection 6,521 Gila County Maps 19,029 Highlights of the Catholic Diocese of Tucson 1,392 Images of the Catholic Diocese of Tucson 8,610 Indigenous Peoples Near Winslow 8,495 Maricopa Pottery ( Connell Collection) 4,794 Medallion Papers 845 Mohave Museum - History of Transportation in Mohave County 5,027 Mohave Museum - U. S. Presidents and the History of Arizona 1,085 Montezuma's Castle Historic Photo Archive 18,153 Murder & Mayhem - The Strange Saga of Winnie Ruth Judd 9,811 Navajo County Historical Society Collection Highlights 8,292 Old Trails Museum Collection Highlights 11,781 Oral Histories of Gila County 671 Oral Histories of the White Mountains 683 Phoenix College - The Early Years 27,500 Phoenix Jewish News Photograph Collection 46,732 Powwow Photographs by Ann Leonard 2,182 Scottsdale History in Images 2,485 Senator Barry M. Goldwater - An Arizona Legend 20,934 Printed on: Monday, February 09, 2009 Page 2 of 3 Collection Name Total hits for the month Sharlot Hall Museum American Indian Image Collection 72,001 Sharlot Hall Museum Audio Collection 1,126 Sharlot Hall Museum Buildings Image Collection 129,604 Sharlot Hall Museum Map Collection 37,869 Sharlot Hall Museum Military Image Collection 48,437 Sharlot Hall Museum Mining Image Collection 83,677 Sharlot Hall Museum Transportation Image Collection 60,588 Sharlot M. Hall - Arizona's Curator 11,216 Show Low Historical Society Collection Highlights 3,267 The Bead Museum Collection Highlights 2,899 The History of Sedona 2,571 Thunderbird School of Global Management - Historical Collections 8,832 Tohono O'odham Collection, 1970- 1980, Helga Teiwes Photographer 354 Trading Post Families of Winslow, AZ 7,221 USS Arizona Silver Service Collection 2,878 Western Ways Features Company Photographs 12,283 Writers of the Purple Sage - Origins of a National Myth 1,353 Yavapai College Creative Arts Magazine 13 Printed on: Monday, February 09, 2009 Page 3 of 3
Object Description
|AMP January 2009 Collection Statistics Summary
|Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records
|Collection use statistics on the Arizona Memory Project from January 1, 2009 to January 31, 2009. Please note that this item consists of a Statistics Summary (PDF) and the Microsoft Access 2003 Database (Zipped File).
|Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records
|Permission is granted to copy, distrubute, and /or modify this document.
|Time Period
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|Date Digital
|Data was downloaded as a tab-delimited text file and imported into Microsoft Access. A summary report was generated from the report qryOverallDist_Jan09 in the Access database, and saved as a PDF file.
|Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Dear Members,
In order to show respect towards someones wishes, regarding if they want to get surprised by the new issue of the manga, please place the proper "Spoiler" prefix on your thread, whenever you create one that contains any spoilers. If you do decide to post any spoiler at all, while creating the thread, in the drop-down box before the thread title, again, please make sure you selected "Spoiler" as the thread prefix.
Thank you, NarutoBase Staff
i think that tobi (zetsu) will stay connected with obito and the he will go back to madra cause he is angry that kakashi killed rin and then plan his revenge!!
tell me what you guys think.
I think... no.
I'm confused about the whole concepts of what happening lately.
You just made the EXACT same thread, just stop man you got your anwsers.
I quote from his thread made not even 2 minutes ago:
i think tobi (zetsu) will take over obito and then he will go back to madra!
tell me what you guys think
Originally Posted by ~'Sasuke Uchiha'~
You just made the EXACT same thread, just stop man you got your anwsers.
This lol...
I'm actually confused of that's happening..... chapters gone mad
He will go back to madara eventually yeah.
Hey how do you make a thread I have a though bout to I seperte from this
Forum Rules


text:
After all, there are fewer partners for Howrey to lose with each passing day, as the Howrey lawyer diaspora continues to grow. Let's review the recent activity — and discuss some possible future defections.
On Friday we reported that IP litigator Mark Whitaker would be joining Baker Botts. That news has now been publicly announced.
Back on February 4, we mentioned that government contracts lawyer Barbara Werther was leaving Howrey, most likely for Ober|Kaler. She's now on the Ober|Kaler website (although the firm apparently didn't issue a press release touting her arrival, as it did for two first-year associates).
UPDATE: Just this morning, Ober|Kaler issued a press release on Werther and insurance coverage litigator Stephen Palley (who also joined from Howrey).
UPDATE (4/5/11): All in all, five Howrey construction lawyers joined Ober|Kaler.
Other outlets have noted additional partner departures. K.T. "Sunny" Cherian, described by The Recorder as a "top IP litigation rainmaker" with a book of business worth more than $10 million, joined the San Francisco office of Hogan Lovells this past weekend. Four other partners will join him in soaking up the Ho-Love: John Hamann, Sarah Jalali, Constance Ramos, and Scott Wales (who had been the hiring partner for Howrey's S.F. office).
Also in S.F., Pillsbury Winthrop picked up IP partner Duane Mathiowetz. The news was reported by the Daily Journal (subscription), which noted that Mathiowetz, who worked as a mechanical engineer for a decade before going into law, has taken five patent cases to trial in the past five years (winning four).
Who might be the next to leave Howrey? Here's some speculation….
Continue reading "Howrey Losing More Partners? Construction Lawyers Might Be Next to Leave"


text:
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Street Date: January 15, 2002
"The whole point of writing songs is to share experiences with people," says Bruce Cockburn, looking back on a career that includes 26 albums, numerous international awards, including the Canadian Music Hall of Fame and the Tenco Award for Lifetime Achievement in Italy, 20 gold and platinum records in Canada, and countless concert performances ... Read more in Amazon's Bruce Cockburn Store
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Brand new series Thursdays at 10pm - after Rizzoli & Isles
Brand new series 5 Thursdays at 9pm - followed by Perception
Don't miss series 4 every Tuesday 9pm
Dr. Daniel Pierce is a neuroscience professor recruited by the FBI to solve complex cases.
Jane Rizzoli & Maura Isles are on the hunt for some of Boston's most notorious murderers.
Are you a loyal Castle viewer? Take our quick-fire quiz to find out how much you know.
How closely do you watch Rizzoli and Isles? Take our quiz to test your detective skills.
Here's a full list of recent prize winners on alibi.


text:
i t' 14: lllfli. O « liililf>()~ l) eIII!! ll> O~ Il~ I'~ O'-' fl"" O. I! I:! H)< c! Illiilil.! l__ Ii~ O"""""';""' Il~{ j~~:< l
Ik _
The Rights of Arizona 1n the
Colorado River
Phoenix, Ariz" August 21, 1925.
My dear Tudge :
Information has come to me that you have made a close
study of, and have done a great deal of research in connection with,
the legal questions affecting the ownership in the resources of the
Colorado River
During war times, when flags are waving and drums are beating,
it is an easy matter for people to be patriotic; in fact, to be
otherwise draws down upon them public condemnation.
An opportunity is presented at this time to the citizens of the
State of Arizona to give a demonstration of their patriotism to
their ~ tate. Due to a combination of circumstances the interests
of this state are in jeopardy. Self seekers within our citizenship
and those who base their theories of life from the viewpoint of
" stake hunters" rather than " home builders," are willing to forfeit
the economic interests of Arizona in the Colorado River because
of some personal gain they hope to achieve for themselves.. Others,
because their ego would be gratified in seeing something
done immediately, are willing to see the benefits go to some other
states to the injury of Arizona" They deride the rights of posterity,
suggesting that they are not to be considered. Posterity, as I
conceive it, is your children and my children, and our lives will be
rather worthless if we do not endeavor to make things better
for our children than we found them.
You are an attorney and it is out of the law that you must
make your livelihood" It is asking a considerable concession
from an attorney to place his legal knowledge at the disposal of
the State of Arizona without being recompensed for so doing.
However, we are in this position: We can make no payments
for legal services other than such as are provided in the state
budget and there are no funds available for the employment of
attorneys. I am, therefore, going to appeal to you as a patriotic
citizen to make available, for the use of the committee that I have
dlJpointed to work out a solution of the Colorado River problem
aild for the use of the people of this state, such legal information
as you have compiled with reference to the law governing the
rights of this state in the resources of the Colorado River,
I feel confident that if you do this you will enjoy the satis-hn__
faction of having measured up to the responsibilities of cItIzenship
and you will be entitled to the approval and thanks of the
people of our state"
Judge Samuel \ Vhite,
418 Luhrs Building,
Phoenix, Arizona"
Phoenix, Ariz" September 8, 1925.,
Han" Geo" \ V" P Hunt,
C::: overnor of Arizona,
The Capitol, Phoenix, Ariz.
?> ly dear Governor:
I am transmitting herewith a memorandum of authorities re,
mecting the rights of the State of Arizona in the Colorado River
in response to your request of August 21st..
I have quoted only from decisions by the Supreme Court of
the United States, not only because of the respect the decisions of
[ hat court command, but also for the reason that it will be in
that forum that the rights of this state in the Colorado will be
determined, should litigation respecting those rights ever arise.
These authorities. as vou will observe, clearly and definitely
e:;:- ablish the fact that the Colorado is a navigable stream I think
it is conceded to be. navi? able bv all interests seeking to benefit
through its development.. It is so described in the Swing- Johnson
bill, \ and the character of the stream meets the' legal test of navigability
as defined by the Supreme Court of the United States
tf it be not navigable, the Federal Power Commission, under the
terms of the act creating it, is devoid of any jurisdiction over the
river or its development. If it is navigable the right of the United
States therein is limited to the control thereof for the purposes of
The State of Arizona. being admitted to the union " on an
equal footing with the original states," by virtue of her sovereignty
and to the exclusion of all others, is the absolute owner of the bed
of the river, from high water mark to high water mark, where
the Colorado lies wholly within the state, and to the thread of
the stream where it constitutes a boundary between states, Such
o\ iIlership is declared to be in trust for the common benefit of all
of the people of the State of Arizona, and not for the benefit of
the peonle of other states Being so vested with this great trust,
the st3te is without power to deed it away, and, as a matter of
law as well as of conscience. it is the dutv of those in authority
in Arizona to carry out the purposes\ tOf this trust, neither neglecting
it nor suffering it to be arrEr . t ! or diminished without
just compensation. As a necessary incident of its ownership, the
consent of Arizona is indispensable before any dam or other
structure may be laid in the bed of the river or its waters taken.
It is quite clear that in the Enabling Act, Congress did not
attempt to reserve any part of the bed of the Colorado, and could
not have done so had it so desired.. The lands designated by the
Secretary of the · Interior under the reservation clause of the
Enabling Act comprise only lands which, when surveyed, will be
included within leg- al subdivisions in certain townships. It is a
matter of common knowledge that the bed of navigable water is
never included in a legal subdivision.
As I read the law, the position taken by you when you said
In addressing the delegates from California, Nevada and Arizona:
" Arizona asserts that, while the Federal Government,
as a proprietor, may own the lands abutting the dam sites
and the lands that will be overflowed, the State of Arizona,
as a sovereign, owns the land in the bed of the
stream, upon which the dam will be erected, and the water
in the stream, and that it reserves the right to tax and derive
revenue from any development in the river in whatever
manner the laws of this state may devise."
is safe and well founded. You demonstrated that you fully appreciate
the duty of administering the trust arising- from the
ownership of the bed and water of the Colorado River for the
cummon benefit of all the people of this state, when on the same
occasion, you said:
" Arizona expects to derive revenue from every unit of
electrical energy generated in this state that is utilized in
other states.."
Very respectfully,
Phoenix, Ariz., September 9, 1925.
My dear Tudge :
It affords me a great deal of pleasure to acknowledge receipt
( If your letter of September 8th, transmitting " Memorandum of
Points and Authorities Respecting the Rights of Arizona in the
C'olorado River" which you prepared in response to my letter of
Au!! ust 21st. in which I appealed to you, as a patriotic duty, to
make available such legal knowledge as you had compiled concerning
Arizona's interests in the river.
We have a tremendous fight ahead to conserve for the benefit
of the people of the state our natural rights in this great resource.
" VI'e are faced with selfishness and greed without our borders
and defeatists at home, and it behooves all the cItizens of this
state who have a vision of a great future, to stand firm and unbending:
in this time of stress, and fight for what belongs to them..
On behalf of the State of Arizona I want to thank you for
your contribution to the cause of Arizona's future destiny.
Very sincerely yours,
fudg: e Samuel \ Alhite,
Phoenix. Arizona.
The Colorado Riv~ r Is a Navigable Stream.
I t is so described in the Swing- Johnson Bill introduced in
Congress by the California delegation to authorize the construction
of a dam at Boulder Canyon It has always becn so treated
by the government of the United States in the official survey of
public lands bordering upon banks, and the character of the
stream meets thc legal definition of what constitutes navigability..
In EI1gJand those waters, only including rivers, were rcgarded as
navipable, in which the tide ebbed and flowed. This doctrine was
cidy repudiated by the United States as being unfitted to the
conditions in this country where many of the rivers are in fact
navigable for many miles above the highest reach of the tide,
.~ s well as the great lakes on the horth and many inland lakes, in
which there is no tide and which were also navigable and in fact
used as great highways for commerce.
Thc Supreme Court of the United States examined this question
many years ago in the case of " Ihe Daniel Ball vs. United
States, 19 L.. ed.. 999, and said:
" Thosc rivers must be regarded as public navigable
rivers in law which are navigable in fact; and they are
navigable in fact whcn they are used or are susccptiblc 0 f
being uscd, in their ordinary condition, as highways of
commercc, over · which trade or travel are or maybe conducted
in the customary modes of tradc and 1: ravel un
water.." ~
To the same effect may be cifed:
Moore vs; Sanbofne, 2 Mich. 519;
Brown vs.. Chadbourne, 31 Maine 9;
The Montello CD S.) 22 Led. 391;
Hickock vs. Hine, 23 Ohio State 523;
Diedrich vs.. Railway Co, 42 Wis. 248;
Atty General vs. Woods, 108 Mass. 436;
[{ owe vs. Granite Co. 21 Pick ( Mass.) 344;
Railway Co.. vs .. Brooks. 39 Ark. 403 ..
In the case of Economy Light and Power Co., vs. United
States, 65 L. ed" 847, the question involved was the navigability
of the Des Plaines River in the State of Illinois. It was held
to be a navigable river by the Supreme Court of the United States,
although there was no evidence of actual navigation within the
memory of living man and that there would not be any interference
with navigation by the construction of the dam. But the
court found that in its natural state the river was navigable in
fact, and that it was actually used for the purposes of navigation
and trading in the customary way and with the kinds of craft
or: linarily ; n use for that purpose on rivers of the United States,
from early fur- trading days ( about 1675) down to the end of the
first quarter of the nineteenth century" The court again defined
the test of navigability:
" The test is whether the river, in its natural state is
used, or capable of being used, as a highway of commerce,
over which trade and travel are or may be conducted in
the customary modes of trade and travel on water. Navi;;
abilit: v', in the sense of the law, is not destroyed because
the watercourse is interrupted by occasional natural obstructions
or portages; nor need the navigation be open
at all seasons of the year or at all stages of the water."
If the Colorado be not a navigable stream, the Federal Power
Commission has no interest in or jurisdiction over the stream,
TIle title of the act and the powers of the commission are: " To
plovide for the improvement of navigation, the development of
water pow", r and the use of the public lands in relation thereto;
and the h:- m ' public lands' is defined by the act to mean such
lands and interests in lands owned by the United States as are
subject to private appropriation and disposal under public land
The fact that a stream, because of falls or rapids, does not
tel nish the means of unbroken navigation, does not affect its navigability.
In The Montello case supra, the Supreme Court of the
United Stat<: s said:
" The learned judge of the court below rested his decision
against the navigability of the Fox River below DePere
T\. apids chiefly on the ground that there were, before
the river was improved, obstructions to an unbroken navigation
". ". Apart from this, however, the rules
laid down by the district judge as a test of navigability
cannot be adopted, for it would exclude many of the great
rivers of the country, which are so interrupted by rapids
as to require artificial means to enable them to be navigated
without break. Indeed, there are but few of our
fresh water rivers which did not originally present serious
obstructions to an uninterrupted navigation. In some
cases, like the Fox, they may be so great while they last
as to prevent the use of the best instrumentalities for car-
rying on commerce; but the vital and essential point is
whether the natural navigation of the river is such that it
affords a channel for useful commerce" If this be so, the
river is navigable in fact, although its navigation may be
encompassed with difficulties by reason of natural barriers,
such as rapids and sandbars."
The statement of law as summarized in 29 Cyc. 289 is abundantly
supported by the decided cases:
" Water is navigable in law, although not tidal, where
navigable in fact, and is navigable in fact where it is of
sufficient capacity to be capable of ' being used for useful
purposes of navigation, that is, for trade and travel in
the usual and ordinary modes" This rule is not only the
one which prevails in nearly all of the states in the coun-try,
but was also the rule under the civil law .
It is immaterial that the stream is not navigable in its
entirety if it is in fact navigable in whole or in part,,"
And again:
" Navigable waters do not lose their character as such
because interrupted by falls. if they can be used for purposes
of commerce both above and below the falls, nor because
of the existence of other obstructions not preventing
The State of Arizona Is the Absolute Owner of the Bed of the
Colorado River, Where it Lies Wholly Within the State, and
to the Center of the Stream, where it Constitutes the Boundary
Between Arizona and the States of Nevada and California.
Arizona was admitted to the union upon an equal footing
with the original states" It is so provided in the Enabling i\ ct.
and it is so declared in the Proclamation of President Taft admitting
the state into the union"
Upon her admission to the union, Arizona at once became
e~ ltitled to and possessed of all the rights of dominion and
sovereignty which belonged to the original states. and could,
therefore, exercise the same powers over rivers within her limits as
were possessed by the original states"
The shores of navigable waters and the soil under them between
high and low water marks were not gTanted by the Consti
tution to the United States, but were reserved to the states respectively,
and the new ~ tates bave the same rigbts and jurisd; ction
on this subject as the original ~ tates" Congress cannot grant
lands below high water mark on navigable water in a state.
In Pollard vs. Hagan, 11 Led" 565, the Supreme Court of the
United States considered this question with g~ reat care. and t1, c
1.1 IV then announced by that court has continued unchallenaed to
this day as the law of this country. In that case the phtintifi
held a patent from the United States issued by virtue of an Act
of Congress, for land lying below high water in the Mobile River
near the point where it discharges into Mobile Bay. In that case
tre court said: .
" When Alabama was admitted into the Union on an
equal footing with the original states, SHE SUCCEEDED
AND EMINENT DOMAIN vVHICH GEORGIA
LEGISLATIVE ACTS CONNECTED WITH IT. Nothing
remained in the United States, according to the terms of
agreement, but the public lands. And, if an express stipulation
had been inserted in the agreement, granting the
municipal right of sovereignty, and eminent domain to the
United States, such stipulation would have been void and
inoperative; because, the United States have no constitutional
capacity to exercise municipal jurisdiction, sovereignty,
or eminent domain, within the limits of a state
or elsewhere, except in the cases in which it is expressly
After discussing the manner by which the United States
gained title to the public lands, the court proceeds:
" Alabama is therefore entitled to the sovereignty and
jurisdiction over all the territory within her limits, subject
to the common law, to the same extent that Georgia possessed
it before she ceded it to the United States. TO
But her rights of sovereignty and jurisdiction are not
governed by the common law of England as it prevailed
in the colonies before the Revolution, but as modified by
our own institutions. In the case of Martin et al vs. Waddell,
16 Peters, 410, the present Chief Tustice, in delivering
the opinion of the court said: '\ iVhen the Revolution took
place, the people of each state became themselves sovereign;
and in that character hold the absolute right to
all their navigable waters, and the soils under them for
their own common use, subject only to the rights since
surrendered bv the constitution.' Then to Alabama belong
the navigable- waters, and soils under rights surrendered
by the Constitution of the United States; and no compact
that might be made between her and the United States
could diminish or enlarge these rights."
After pointing out that the jurisdiction of the United States
over navigable waters was confined to the regulation of commerce
with foreign nations and among the several states, the court
" This right of eminent domain over the shores and the
soils under the navigable waters, for all municipal purposes,
belongs exclusively to the states within their respective
territorial jurisdiction, and they, and they only, have the
constitutional power to exercise it. To give to the United
States the right to transfer to a citizen the title to the
shores and the soils under the navigable waters, would
be placing in their hands a weapon which might be wielded
greatly to the injury of state sovereignty and deprive the
states of the power to exercise a numerous and important
class of policy powers. But, in the hands of the
state this power can never be used so as to affect the
exercise of any national right of eminent domain or jurisdiction
with which the United States have been invested
by the Constitution. For, although the territorial limits
of Alabama have extended all her sovereign power into
the sea, it is there, as on the shore, but municipal power,
subject to the Constitution of the United States ' and the
laws which shall be made in pursuance thereof.'
" By the preceding course of reasoning, we have arrived
at these general conclusions: First, the shores of
navigable waters, and the soils under them, were not
granted by the Constitution of the United States, bnt
were reserved to the states respectively.. Second, the new
states have the same right, sovereignty and jurisdiction
over this subject as the original states.. Third, the right
of the United States to the public lands, and the power
of CongTess to make all needful rules and regulations for
the sale and disposition thereof, conferred no power to
QTant to the plaintiffs the land in controversy in this case."
The same conrt, in Huse vs. Glover, 30 Led. 487, reaffirmed
the doctrine established in Pollard vs. Hagan, supra. saying. as to
the State of Illinois:
" That the language of the resolution admitting her
was that ' she is' admitted into the union on an equal footing
with the original states in all respects whatsoever,
and that she could, therefore, afterwards exercise the same
nowers over rivers within her limits as Dela'ware exercised
over Blackbi rel Creek anel Pennsylvania over Schuykill
River." -
Again, the same court. speaking of the jurisdiction o · f the
IN THE COLORADO RIVER n
r; tate of California over the American River, a navigable tributary
of the Sacramento, in Cardwell vs. American River Bridge Company,
28 L. ed" 959, said:
" She was not, therefore, shorn by the clause as to navigable
waters within her limits, of any powers which the
original states possessed over such waters within their
In Illinois Central Railway vs. People of the State of Illinois,
36 Led.. 1018. the Supreme Court again expressed itself on several
phases of the question under consideration. The State of IllinOIS
had by an act of its legislature attempted to grant the fee
title to the bed of a portion of Lake Michigan to the railway companv
and some years later by an Act of the Legislature attempted
to revoke this grant The court was considering the rights of
the state and the railway The opinion is very lengthy, but very
instructive, and we quote at length:
" The State of Illinois was admitted into the union in 1818
on an equal footing with the original states in all respects.
Such was one of the conditions of the cession from Virginia
of the territory northwest of the Ohio River, out of which the
state was formed. But the equality prescribed would have
existed if it had not been thus stipulated. There can be no
distinction between the several states of the union in character
of the jurisdiction, sovereie- nty and dominion which they
may possess and exercise over persons and subjects within
their respective limits The boundaries of the state were
prescribed by Con<> ress and accepted bv tllf' state in it, orieinal
Constitution. They are given in the bilL It is sufficient
for our purpose to observe that they include within their
eactcrn line all that portion of Lake Michigan lying east of
the main land of the state and the middle of the lake south of
la titude 42 degrees and 30 minutes ..
" It is the settled law of this COllntrv that the ownership
of clnd dominion and sovereignty over lands covered by tide
waters, within the limits of the several states, belong to the
respective states within which they are found with the consequent
right to use or dispose of any portion thereof, when
that can be done without substantial impairment of the interest
of the public in the waters. and subject always to the paramount
right of Congress to control their navigation so far as
may be necessary for the regulation of commerce with foreign
nations and among the states. This doctrine has been often
announced by this court. and is not questioned by counsel of
anv narties Pollard vs. Hallcm, 44 U S, 3 How.. 313 ( 11 : 565) :
Weber vs. Board of State Harbor Commissioners, 85 U S. 18
Wall 57 ( 21 : 798).
" The same doctrine is in this country held to be applicable
to lands covered by fresh water in the Great Lakes over which
1S conducted an extended commerce with different states and
foreign nations. These lakes possess all the general charac, teristics
of open seas, except in the freshness of their waters,
and in the absence of the ebb and flow of the tide. In other
respects they are inland seas, and there is no reason or principle
for the assertion of dominion and sovereignty over and
ownership by the state of lands covered by tide waters that is
not equally applicable to its ownership of and dominion and
sovereignty over lands covered by the fresh waters of these
lakes.. At one time the existence of tide waters was deemed
essential in determining the admiralty jurisdiction of courts
in England. That doctrine is now repudiated in this country
as wholly inapplicable to our condition.. In England the ebb
and flow of the tide constitute the legal test of the navigability
of waters. There no waters are navigable in fact, at
least to any great extent, which are not subject to the tide
There, as said in the case of The Genesee Chief vs. Fitzhugh,
53 U. S, 12 How.. 443, 455 ( 13: 1058, 1063). ' Tide water and
navigable water are synonymous terms, and tide water, with
a few small and unimportant exceptions meant nothing more
than public rivers, as contradistinguished from private ones,'
and writers on the subject of admiralty jurisdiction ' took the
ebb and flow of the tide as the test, because it was a convenient
one, and more easily determined the character of the
river. Hence the established doctrine in England, that the admiralty
jurisdiction is confined to the ebb and flow of the
tide. In other words, it is confined to public navi. gable
" But in this country the case is different.. Some of our
rivers are navigable for great distances above the flow of the
tide; indeed, for hundreds of miles, by the largest vessel~; used
in commerce. As said in the case cited: ' There is certainh
nothing in the ebb and flow of the tide that makes the water~
peculiarly suitable for admiralty jurisdiction, nor anything in
the absence of a tide that renders it unfit.. If it is a publ; c
navigable water, on which commerce is carried on between
different states or nations, the reason for the jurisdiction ic,
precisely the same. And if a distinction is made on that account,
it is merely arbitrary, without any foundation in reason;
and, indeed, would seem to be inconsistent with it .. '
" The Great Lakes are not in any appreciable respect af ·
fected by the tide, and yet on their waters, as said above, a
large commerce is carried on, exceeding in many instances the
entire commerce of states on the borders of the sea. ' Vhen
the reason of the limitation of admiralty jurisdiction in England
was found inapplicable to the condition of navirrable
waters in this country, the limitation and all its incidents
were discarded. So alco by the common law. the doctrine of
the dominion over and ownership by the crown of lands within
the realm under tide waters is not founded upon the existence
of the tide over the lands, but upon the fact that the waters
are navigable, tide waters, and navigable waters, as already
said, being used as synonymous terms in England" The public
being interested in the use of such waters, the possession by
private individuals of lands under them could not be permitted
except by license of the crown, which could alone exercise
such dominion over the waters as would insure freedom in their
use so far as consistent with the public interest. The doctrine
is founded upon the necessity of preserving to the public
the use of navigable waters from private interTuption and encroachment,
a reason as applicable to navigable fresh waters
as to waters moved by the tide, \ Ve hold, therefore, that the
same dictrine as to the domination and sovereignty over and
ownership of lands under the navigable waters of the Great
Lakes applies, which obtains at the common law as to the
dominion and sovereignty over and ownership of lands under
tide waters on the borders of the sea, and that the lands are
held by the same right in the one case as in the other, and
subject to the same trusts and limitations" Upon that theory
we shall examine how far such dominion, sovereignty, and
proprietary right have been encroached upon by the railroad
company, and how far that company had, at the time the
assent of the state to such encroachment, and also the validity
of the claim which the company asserts of a right to
make further encroachments thereon by virtue of a grant
from the state in April, 1869,"
Proceeding, the court also said:
" The question, therefore, to be considered is whether the
legislature was competent to thus deprive the state of its
ownership of the submerged lands in the harbor of Chicago,
and of the consequent control of its waters; or, in other words,
whether the railroad corporation can hold the lands and control
the waters by the grant, against any future exercise of power
over them by the state,
" That the state holds the title to the lands under the
navigable waters of Lake Michigan, within its limits, in the
manner that the state holds title to soils under tide water,
by the common law. we have already shown, and that title
necessarily carries with it control over the waters above them
whenever the lands are subjected to use, But it is a title different
in character from that which the state holds in lands
intended for sale, It is different from the title which the
United States hold in the public lands which are open to preemption
and sale. It is a title held in trust for the people
of the state that they may enjoy the navigation of the waters,
carTy on commerce over them and have liberty of fishing
therein freed from the obstruction or interference of private
parties. The interests of the people in the navigation of the
waters and in commerce over them may be improved in many
instances by the erection of wharves, docks and piers therein,
for which purpose the state may grant parcels of the submerged
lands; and so long as their disposition is made for
such purposes, no valid objections can be made to the grants.
It is grants of parcels of lands under navigable waters that
may afford foundations for wharves, piers, docks and other
structures in aid of commerce, and grants of parcels which,
being occupied, do not substantially impair" the public interest
in the lands and water remaining, that are chiefly considered
and sustained in the adjudged cases as a valid exercise of
legislative power consistently with the trust to the public
upon which such lands are held by the state, But that is
a very different doctrine from the one which would sanction
the abdication of the general control of the state over lands
under the navigable waters of an entire harbor or bay, or of a
sea or lake" Such abdication is not consistent with the exercise
of that tt'ust which requires the government of the state
to preserve such waters for the use of the public. The trust
devolving upon the state for the public, and which can only
be discharged by the management and control of property
in which the public has an interest, cannot be relinquished
by a transfer of the property" The control of the state for
the purposes of the trust can never be lost, except as to such
parcels as are used in promoting the intere,; ts of the public
therein, or can be disposed of without anv substantial impairment
of the public interest in the lands and waten remaining.
It is only by observing the distinction between a grant of
such parcels for the improvement of the public interest. or
which when occupied do not substantially impair the public
interest in the lands and waters remaining, and a grant of the
whole property in which the public is interested that the language
of the adjudged cases can be reconciled" General language
sometimes found in opinions of the courts, expressive of
absolute ownership and control by the state of lands under
navigable water, irrespective of any trust as to their \ Fe an~ l
disposition, must be read and construed with reference to the
special facts of the particular cases, A grant of all the lands
under the navigable waters of a state has never been adjudged
to be within the legislative power; and any attempted
grant of the kind would Ibe held, if not absolutely void on its
face, as subject to revocation. The state can no more abdicate
its trust over property in which the whole people are interested,
like navigable waters and soils under them. so as
to leave them entirely under the use and control of nrivate
parties. except in the instance of parcels mentioned for the improvement
of the navigation and use of the waters, or when
----- j
parcels can be disposed of without impairment of the publi<:: interest
in what remains, than it can abdicate its police powers
in the administration of government and the preservation of
the peace" In the administration of government the use of
such powers may for a limited period be delegated to a municipality
or other body, but there always remains with the
state the right to revoke those powers and exercise them in
a more direct manner, and one more conformable to its wishes.
So with trusts connected with public property, or property of
a special character, like lands under navigable waters, they
cannot be placed entirely beyond the direction and control of
the state."
Discussing the nature of the tenure of the state of soil underlying
navigable waters, the court said:
" We cannot, it is true, cite any authority where a grant of
this kind has been held invalid, for we believe that no instance
exists where the harbor of a great city and its commerce have
been allowed to pass into the control of any private corporation.
But the decisions are numerous which declared that
such property is held by the state, by virtue of its sovereignty,
in trust for the public. The ownership of the navigable waters
of the harbors and of the lands under them is a subject of
public concern tc th( whole people of the state. The trust
with which they are held, therefore, is governmental and cannot
be alienated, except in those instances mentioned of parcels
used in the improvement oi the interest thus held, or when
parcels can be disposed of without detriment to the public interest
in the lands and waters remaining..
" This follows necessarily from the public character of the
property, being held by the whole people for the purposes in
which the whole people are interested.. As said by Chief Justice
Taney, in Martin vs. Waddell, 41 U. S. 16 Pet. 367, 410
( 10 : 997, 1012): ' When the Revolution took place the people
of each state became themselves sovereign, and in that character
hold the absolute right to all their navigable waters,
and the soils under them, for their own common use, subject
only to the rights since surrendered by the Constitution to the
general government..' In Arnold vs. Mundy, 6 N.. J. L. 1, which
is cited by this court. and in Martin vs. ! Waddell, 41 U. S. 16
Pet.. 418 ( 10 : 1015) and spoken of by Chief Justice Taney, as
entitled to great weight, and in which the decision was made
' with great deliberation and research,' the Supreme Court of
New Tersey comments upon the rights of the state in the bed
of navigable waters. and after observing that the power
exercised by the state over the lands and waters is nothing
more than what is called jus regium, the right of regulating,
improving and securing them for the benefit of every individual
citizen. adds: ' The sovereign power itself. therefore.
cannot, consistently with the principles of the law of nature
and the constitution of a well ordered society, make a direct
and absolute grant of the waters of the state, divesting
all the citizens of their common right. It would be a grievance
which never could be long borne by a free people.' Necessarilv
must the control of the waters of a state over all lands
unde" r them pass when the lands are conveyed in fee to private
parties, and are by them subjected to use.
" In the case of Stockton vs. Baltimore and N. Y. R. Co.,
32 Fed" Rep. 9, which involved a consideration by Mr., Justice
Bradley, late of this court, of the nature of the ownership
by the state of lands under the navigable waters of the United
States, he said. ' It is insisted that the property of the state
in lands under its navigable waters is private property, and
comes strictly within the constitutional provision. It is significantly
asked, can the United States take the state house
at Trenton, and the surrounding grounds belonging to the
state, and appropriate them to the purposes of a railroad depot,
or to any other use of the general government without compensation?
We do not apprehend that the decision of the
present case involves or requires a serious answer to this
question. The cases are clearly not parallel. The character
of the title or ownership by which the state holds the state
house is quite different from that by which it holds the land
under the navigable waters in and around its territory. The
information rightly states that, prior to the Revolution, the
shore and lands under water of the navigable streams and
waters of the province of New Jersey belonged to the King
of Great Britain as part of the jura regalia of the crown, and
devolved to the state by right of conquest The information
does not state, however, what is equally true, that, after the
conquest, the said lands were held by the state, as they were
by the King, in trust for the public uses of navigation and
fishery, and the erection thereon of wharves, piers, lighthouses,
beacons, and other facilities of navigation and commerce.
Being subject to this trust, they were publici juris; in
other words, they were held for the use of the people at large..
- is true that to utilize the fisheries, especially those of shellfish,
it was necessary to parcel them out to particular operators,
and employ the rent or consideration for the benefit of
the whole people; but this did not alter the character of the
title. The land remained subject to all other public uses as
before, especially to those of navigation and commerce which
are always paramount to those of public fisheries. It is also
true that portions of the submerged shoals and flats, which
really interfered with navigation, and could better subserve
the purposes of commerce by being filled up and reclaimed.
, vere disposed of to individuals for that purpose, But neither
did these dispositions of useless parts affect the character of
the title to the remainder.
" Many other cases might be cited where it has been decided
that the bed or soil of navig- able waters is held by the
people of the state in their character as sovereign in trust for
public uses Jar which they are adapted.. Martin vs. Waddell,
41 U. S. 16 Pet. 367, 410 ( 10 : 997, 1012); Pollard vs. Hagan, 44
U S. 3 How.. 212, 220 ( 11 : 565, 569); McCready vs. Virginia,
" This rule was again specifically recognized by the Supreme
Court of the United States in Oklahoma vs. Texas, 66 L. ed..
771, saying:
" Oklahoma claims complete ownership of the entire bed
of the river within that state, and, in support of its claim contends
that the river throughout its course in the state, is nav · ·
igable, and therefore, that upon the admission of the state intu
the union on November 16, 1907, the title to the river bed passed
from the United States to the state, in virtue of the constitu
tional rule of equality among the states whereby each new stah
becomes, as was each of the original states, the owner of the soil
underlying- the navigable waters within its boundaries If that
section of the river be navigable, its bed undoubtedly became the
property of the state under that rule .."
However, the court decided that that part of the river under
consideration was not navigable, and that the title to the
hed of the river did not pass to the State of Oklahoma. and said:
" Where the United States owns the bed of a non- nay. igable
stream and the upland on one or both sides, it, of
course, is free, when disposir: g of the upland, to retain all or
any part of the river bed; and whether in any particular
instance. it has done so, is essentially a question of what it
In Port of Seattle vs. Oregon and Washington Ry. Co., 65
L ed 500. the Supreme Court of the United States. again
speaking, said: .
" The right of the United States in the navigable waters
within the several states is LIMITED TO THE CONTROL
THEREOF FOR PURPOSES OF NAVIGATION. Subject to
that right \ iVashington became upon its organization as a state,
the owner of the navigable '. vaters within its boundaries and of
the land under the same.."
The Bed of the Colorado River was Not Withheld from the
State By the Enabling Act.
The reservation clause of the Enabling Act is found in
Section 28. which declares:
" There is herebv reserved to the United States and ex-
cepted from the operation of any and all grants made or confirmed
by this act to said proposed state all land actually or
prospectively valuable for the development of water power or
power for hydro- electric use or transmission, and which shall be
ascertained and designated by the Secretary of the Interior
within five years after the proclamation of the President declaring
the admission of the state."
The designation by the Secretary of the Interior is:
" All land of the United States which, when surveyed, will
be included within legal subdivisions" in certain designated
It is well known that the bed of a navigable stream is never
included by government surveys " within legal subdivisions," and
as has been pointed out by the Supreme Court of the United
States in Illinois Central Ry. Co. vs. State of Illinois, supra, is of
a different character and tenure from the lands held by the United
States for sale or pre- emption. If it had been the intention of
Congress to make an attempt to reserve the bed of the stream,
it would certainly have used some appropriate language to make
clear such an unprecedented intention. Even if such was the intention
of Congress, the reservation was only of such lands as
were to be designated by the Secretary of the Interior within a
specified time, long since expired, and the Secretary made no attempt
to designate , the bed of the Colorado or any part thereof,
; md even if the Secretary had attempted to so designate a part of
the bed of the stream his act would have been in violation of the
Fedenl Constitution.
MIAMI, AfUZONA
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text:
"Believe in miracles but don't depend on them.
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Youth Horoscope describes your character traits and your potential strengths and weaknesses, as well as your abilities from an astrological point of view
If you are a child or teenager, your Youth horoscope can help you develop your personality on a more conscious level so that you will be able to actively design your own destiny.
If you are a parent and read the horoscope of your child, you can learn a lot about the most important developmental issues which your child has to go through. If you read your own Youth horoscope, you may re-view your childhood and discover the psychological forces which have shaped and formed your personality.
The complete version of the Youth Horoscope comprises 20 - 30 pages and is divided into eleven chapters: one for each planet including the Sun and Moon as well as the Ascendant. Each chapter gives an introduction to the planet concerned.
Price: USD 29.95, EUR 24.95, CHF 29.90
With additional shipping costs, depending on the country of delivery
Children experience life through play. They have to experiment with all sorts of things before their future paths, with all their possibilities, can become visible or even imaginable. However, certain inclinations and talents can be inferred from their natal charts.


text:
6 Local companies.
You want adventure NOT surprise!
Ask a few right questions as you compare. Quality
information lets you make good decisions...and
Great Memories!
You want adventure NOT surprise!
Ask a few right questions as you compare. Quality
information lets you make good decisions...and
Great Memories!
How much and what kind of snowmobiling
terrain is offered? Is it on public land
that is open to everyone with a snowmobile?
Are photos of actual terrain or purchased
stock photos?
You want adventure
not Surprise! Don't get
caught sightseeing condo developments,
circling sagebrush fields, or sharing crowded,
bumpy, trails with all the Park City locals on
Public land.
3 out of 6 Park City companies advertise with stock
photos of terrain that isnt their own and even
mountain ranges you will never
see! Check out websites. Are they next to
a city? True backcountry doesn't have houses and
highways. Beware if they
only show a handful of pictures, if their sites
resemble others, or if photos look like
they are taken out of a clothing catalog.
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All photos are of actual terrain and
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Experience scenic river valleys, Huge open
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Highest Snowmobiling Trips in Utah (11,000 ft).
views all the way to Wyoming.
Are the machines True Mountain
Snowmobiles? Are they Brand New?
Cruiser or Clunker? Great equipment is
important in any sport but with snowmobiling it is
essential! Snowmobile technology
improves a lot each year. Old or less expensive
snowmobiles are heavy, hurt your back and are hard
to drive. Breaking down and getting stuck wastes
YOUR day. Look for the new
Rider-forward style, 144" tracks and 600cc of fuel
injected fun. Be cautious if they offer
heated hand grips but they don't have
Brand New
What good is all our "Greatest Snow On Earth"
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How much snow do they have? Are they
below 7,000 feet?
4 out of the 6 local companies are
below 7,000 feet. These low elevations not only
make for a short season, poor snow conditions
and even extra shuttles just to get to some snow...
it also means icy bumps, dirt and sagebrush.
Powder is scarce.
Circling tracked out, dinky meadows
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good snow makes all
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Forget tiny meadows and mountainless sagebrush
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What kind of snowmobiling will you be
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You want ROOM TO RIDE! Don't waste your time
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Clothing rental (ie.
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Consider what is important to your
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adventure that will be talked about long after the
snow melts!
We would
love to have you up to Thousand Peaks for and
adventure that will be talked about long after the
snow melts!


text:
- Welcome to the 2014/15 season
- Season Calendar
- New Productions 2014/2015
- Revivals 2014/2015
- Recitals 2014/2015
- Concerts 2014/2015
- NOW! Opera for you / Events for children and young people 2014/2015
- Special Events 2014/2015
- Cast Changes
Performing Artists /
Production Teams
- The orchestra
- Opera Studio
- Videos
Johannes Erath
Johannes Erath began his career as a musician after studying the violin in Vienna – working in the orchestra at the Volksoper in Vienna and Vienna Philharmonic's Orchestra Academy, amongst others. His early inroads into the world of stage direction included working as assistant to Willy Decker, Nicolas Brieger, Christine Mielitz, Guy Joosten, Peter Konwitschny and Graham Vick at theatres throughout Europe. He worked at the Hamburg State Opera in 2002 and received a scholarship from the "Akademie Musiktheater heute/Academy for Opera Today" in 2005. Johannes Erath received the 2008 Götz Friedrich Prize for his production of Massenet's Cendrillon in Bern. His first new production for Oper Frankfurt was Eötvös' Angels in America at the Bockenheimer Depot in 2008/09 - and he returned in 2011/12 for Otello in the main house. Other productions in recent seasons have included Verdi's Un ballo in maschera in Bremerhaven, Gerhard Schedl's Triptychon at the Neuen Oper in Vienna, Hoffmanns Erzählungen/The Tales of Hoffmann in Bern, Lulu, Don Giovanni and Elektra in Graz (Don Giovanni again, at the Braunschweig Staatstheater, in 2011/12) and Orfeo ed Euridice and Aida at Cologne Opera. His next new productions are Eugen Onegin at the Staatstheater in Mainz and La Traviata at the Hamburg State Opera.


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Pajamas, Robes & Slippers
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Is there any information or assistance available for grandparents who are raising young grandchildren?
There are many resources for grandparents and other relatives caring for children in their homes. Click here to see a list of resource available.
More Info
Families and Caregivers
Find resources for all caregivers, from teenagers caring for grandparents and other relatives caring for children.
URL: http://www.aging.ny.gov/Caregiving/


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Take a modern approach to sophisticated glamour with these starburst drop earrings, featuring hand-poured resin jewels offset with genuine Swarovski crystals. The statement earrings will add the perfect dose of drama to any look, day or night.
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Do you ever feel tongue-tied around young people, completely unable to relate to the teenagers and college students of today? Do you shake your head in despair, shocked by the disrespect and blatant rebellion of so-called Generation Y?
Indeed, popular culture today depicts a troubled relationship between the older and younger members of society. Grandparents often view children as wild and undisciplined while young people see their elders as out of touch and irrelevant. If you have tasted even a little of this intergenerational conflict, take heart, because you can build healthy, mentoring relationships with young people. In fact, teenagers and college kids need you in their lives. But in order to establish good relationships with young people, there are some points to keep in mind.
Many stereotypes of teenagers today are grounded in some truth. Contemporary culture indeed breeds disrespect — of history, authority, ideals, the weak, property and others. In addition, many children do tend to be lazy, hedonistic and extremely self-focused, saturated with a "Here we are now, entertain us" mentality.
But young people today are also tremendously honest. They are open about their doubts, sins, passions and dreams. They are also confused, vulnerable and searching desperately for meaning. Having been raised in a society that questions the existence of truth, surrounded by different belief systems competing for their loyalty, kids crave honest guidance, untainted by self-interest and ulterior motives.
Growing up in a cynical culture that assigns human worth based upon physical beauty and rare talent, young people are taught directly and indirectly that they are only valuable if they look a certain way and cultivate friendships with the "right" kind of people. As a result, they tend to be lonely, suspicious, scared and hurting inside.
When dealing with young people, it is essential that you demonstrate unconditional love. Teens today anticipate that their elders will condemn and criticize them — the music they listen to, the clothes and hairstyles they wear — without making an effort to understand.
So many of my peers long for a closer relationship with their parents and grandparents, yet often feel unloved and misunderstood.
If you want to form friendships with today's young people, you may have to take the initiative in demonstrating concern, respect and an interest in them and their passions. Take them seriously and try to understand their perspectives before passing judgment on them. This is not to say you should never offer advice, confront them with sin in their lives or share lessons from your own experience. In fact, most young people crave direction, to guide them in the fragmented pluralism of our society. But the cliché, "People don't care how much you know, unless they know how much you care" has never been more true than when applied to this generation. Unless young people feel confident that your advice is intended for their best interests, they will be skeptical, fearing manipulation.
Once you've laid a foundation of love and respect, it is also important to share the life lessons you have learned. In Titus 2, Paul instructs the older women to teach the younger. This principle of mentoring is demonstrated again in Acts 18, when Aquila and Priscilla take Apollos under their wing and lovingly instruct him in God's truth.
Having a long history of walking with Christ and having experienced firsthand the bitter betrayal of worldly wisdom, you are well-equipped to share what you have learned to help young people make wise choices. Whether imparting moral truths and practical life skills or simply reminiscing about your own journey, sharing from your heart can help to mold and direct young people in truly significant ways.
Unless young people feel confident that your advice is intended for their best interests, they will be skeptical, fearing manipulation.
Many of you may still be wondering how to personalize those principles, and may be grappling with practical ways to reach out to modern youth. Allow me to share some steps you can take to form mentoring relationships with the teens and college students within your sphere of influence.
The first step in developing such relationships is, obviously, finding some young people to interact with. You can build relationships with your own grandchildren, kids in the neighborhood, youth group members or college students visiting your church. Don't be afraid to initiate the conversation. It may be a little awkward at first, but I promise you, most young people will appreciate your effort.
Ask the highschooler in the pew behind you about her school experiences, hobbies, friends and dreams. Ask the college student on Christmas break about his classes, extra-curricular activities or the issues he's facing at school. As you demonstrate concern and consistent enthusiasm, most young people will respond with warmth and gratitude. Remember: a critical key to communication is the art of listening. Act genuinely interested in what a young person has to say — in other words, resist the temptation to lecture!
As you develop relationships with young people, invite them into your life. Take a teen out for ice cream or to a baseball game. Invite a college student over for Sunday afternoon lunch. Teach a young girl to garden or bake homemade bread. Show a young boy how to fix cars or work with carpentry. Invite the church youth group to your home for an outdoor barbecue. Teach a Sunday school class or chaperone a field trip. The opportunities are as varied as your own imagination.
Once you have formed close mentoring relationships with some young people, allow them to give back to you. Ask a young person to help you paint a fence, rake leaves or shovel snow. If you've been wanting to learn more about computers, solicit a teen-age computer whiz to teach you the basics of negotiating the Internet. Don't be afraid to learn from young people; rather, look for their strengths and wisdom and affirm them in their abilities.
Make discipleship, whether formal or informal, a pillar in your relationships with youth. Lead a Bible study for young believers; share informally about God's work in your life; and pray for those you're mentoring, because teens today face a host of temptations.
Model a ministry-minded attitude and a Christ-like spirit. And most important, don't underestimate young people. Be open to their opinions on moral and theological issues.
You might be surprised to learn something new!
Finally, be transparent about your own dreams, hopes, doubts and desires; in short, be yourself. By being vulnerable about your own struggles, you can refute the stereotype that all older people are closed-minded and judgmental.
Ministering to a different generation presents a unique set of challenges, but the rewards are worth the effort. Find some young people in need of unconditional acceptance and teach them what it means to follow Christ. Your mentoring may make the difference in whether a young person chooses the path of selfishness and self-interest — or one that reflects the integrity and character of Christ. As you demonstrate concern and consistent enthusiasm, most young people will respond with warmth and gratitude.
Then the Lord replied: "Write down the revelation and make it plain on tablets so that a herald may run with it." (Habakkuk 2:2, NIV)
"Isn't this fun, Gramma? Just the two of us."
My 8-year old grandson Noah hopped out of the car and onto a nearby rock and then onto a log, and then onto a picnic table and then onto another rock. The fun had begun. We had just arrived at a nature knowledge workshop for kids, their parents and grandparents in the Laguna Mountains in Southern California.
One of the most significant activities of the weekend for Noah was journal writing. He asked me to help him make a few entries in a science journal he had started at home. He wanted some tangible memories of our weekend together.
Noah unpacked his journal first thing and made sure he had it with him at all times. As soon as we completed an activity, he pulled it out, handed it to me and then dictated three or four sentences that summarized his experience. I wrote down exactly what he said. He's an excellent reader, but he was still mastering his writing skills. Noah sometimes added personal drawings, photos or pictures from magazines to illustrate his entries. After viewing a slide show on animal behavior, he said: "If you see a mountain lion, don't run. Make yourself look big by putting your arms over your head and pushing out your muscles."
By Sunday afternoon he had several pages filled with writing and simple drawings. When we met his dad at our usual rendezvous spot, the first words out of Noah's mouth were, "Dad, Dad, want to hear my journal?" His father later reported that Noah read from his science journal all the way home. And he entertained his brothers and sister at dinner with all the new facts he had learned at the Nature Knowledge Workshop. I captured most of our weekend experiences on film, so I sent him a small photo album of pictures to augment his science journal. It was a rich experience for both of us. We shared a very special time together as grandmother and grandson, and we also learned about God's green earth and the bounty of natural gifts He has provided.
Jordan, another grandson, started a creative photo album for his experiences as a Boy Scout. He decorated each page with stickers and stripes and added a few words under each picture to help him remember the people and the event. The result was a journal/photo album that he was proud to take to school and share with his teacher and classmates.
You might consider doing something similar with your grandchildren. Help them capture their experiences and interests in words, then have fun together adding colorful stickers, smiley faces, drawings, sketches or photos with captions. They can make it a personal journal or one for friends or family members, jotting down experiences they've shared, adventures they've enjoyed together or notes about whatever they're interested in.
In addition to a science journal like Noah's, there are plenty of other types of journals:
When starting a journal, you may want to first gather some or all of these items:
Depending on your grandchildren's age and skill level, you can support them with encouraging comments or take an active part by helping with the writing and/or decorating. You could also start your own journal and make entries in yours as they write in theirs, sharing with one another whatever part you wish.
The important thing is to help them capture the moment in a way that's fun, memorable and creative.
You may not realize it, but when your grandkids chat with their friends online, they've most likely mastered an entire vocabulary of acronyms and "emoticons" designed to facilitate the truncated, rapid-fire back-and-forth that characterizes most online communication nowadays. You and I may bemoan the lost art of letter writing, but today's kids are simply not geared to "snail mail."
Rather than hound them for letters that will likely never arrive, why not jump onboard the online-chat bandwagon by learning to IM (Instant Message)? You can have a RT (real time) conversation with your grandkids that costs little and that everyone will enjoy.
Most major ISPs (Internet Service Providers) offer instant messaging services at no cost. All you have to do is download the software. Check with your ISP for details.
One fun way to enhance your online communication experience is to learn the lingo. Although some acronyms are designed to thwart the prying gaze of parents (POS = "parents over shoulder"), most are harmless shorthand for common phrases like "Be Right Back" (BRB), "See You Later" (CUL8R) and "In My Opinion" (IMO).
Emoticons are those little symbols that feature not only smiles, but frowns, winks, squinty eyes and scrunched mouths. In the early days of internet chat, it required imagination and creativity to compose the little sideways faces made from keyboard symbols (carrots, brackets, dashes, parenthesis, colons and semi-colons, etc.). Now, most of the popular ISPs have made it possible to simply cut and paste little yellow faces directly into a dialogue box.
But just in case you want to do it the "old-fashioned" way, here's a short list of emoticons you can use with your progeny's progeny to significantly boost your "coolness" factor online:
:-) = smile
;-) = wink
:-D = laughing
:-< = sad
:-P = sticking out tongue
:-X = mute/big kiss
:-O = shocked
:-/ = skeptical
There are many, many more of these symbols (some more family-appropriate than others). More acronyms you'll want to be prepared to toss out include:
BTW = By The Way
AFK = Away From Keyboard
DWL = Dying With Laughter
EMFJI = Excuse Me For Jumping In
F2F = Face To Face
FOCL = Falling Off Chair Laughing
ROTFL = Rolling On The Floor Laughing
GBTW = Get Back To Work
GTG = Got To Go
IC = I See
IDGI = I Don't Get It
OTOH = On The Other Hand
CFN = Ciao For Now
Besides these, why not come up with some "designer" acronyms of your own — a language to share just between you and your grandkids when you're chatting online? In the meantime, DYH (Do Your Homework) and GBL (Get Busy Learning) how you can communicate in a way your grandkids can relate to. IOHO, IWTE (In Our Humble Opinion, It's Worth The Effort)!
I couldn't wait for Noelle and Grace to emerge from the Jetway. Soon I saw their cheerful faces and heard the excitement in their voices. "Nana!" Today was the first day of Grandma Camp.
My husband, Bob, and I are like many families today. We long to know our grandchildren better, to share happy memories during their growing years and to help guide them to follow Christ. However, we are separated from them by hundreds of miles and see them only a few times a year. A part of the answer for us is an annual event we call "Grandma Camp." Other family gatherings are wonderful, but the dynamics are completely different when we spend personal time together. Grandpa is certainly a big part of Grandma Camp, but the girls started calling it Grandma Camp after me, the hardworking camp director.
My husband and I are currently stationed at an Air Force base in the Historic Triangle of Virginia. Our grandaughters' other set of grandparents, David and Linda, live near Washington, D.C. We have a perfect arrangement with them. While we host one girl, they host the other, and then we switch. We have a week with each girl, and their parents have two weeks on their own. To make camp successful, Bob and I remember four words: parents, planning, personality and prayer.
Parents: You will do more harm than good if you mention a visit in front of the grandchild before the parents have an opportunity to discuss and approve the idea. Some parents are uncomfortable allowing their children to fly alone or having them away from home for more than a few days. Be sure to honor whatever the parents decide.
Planning: Our gift to each grandchild is her airline ticket and an invitation to Grandma Camp. In making arrangements, make the travel as simple as possible. Do your best to book a direct flight to limit any potential delays or connection issues. If your grandchildren are younger, you'll pay an unaccompanied minor fee and the airline will assign a person to watch out for them. For some grandparents, you may be close enough to drive your grandchildren to and from Grandma Camp.
Personality: Base the activities on each child's age, interests and personality. Prepare for your time together. Write out the plan for each day, including a few new adventures during the week. These trips might include a theme park, historical site, zoo, aquarium or activities such as horseback riding, going to the beach or shopping for a new school backpack. Investigate local attractions and interesting landmarks before the visit.
When we lived near Washington, D.C., we visited Mount Vernon, the Smithsonian and the Capitol. Surprised when our older granddaughter asked to visit her senators, I arranged for Noelle to meet the two senators from her home state of Texas. She now has framed photos of herself with Senators Kay Bailey Hutchison and John Cornyn as a reminder of the day she learned about our federal government. Gracie had no interest in meeting her senators, but she did want to see the panda at the National Zoo and ride a roller coaster with her grandpa.
Prayer: Each evening we pray with the girls. We talk with our heavenly Father, knowing He loves our granddaughters and has a wonderful purpose for their lives.
On the final night of Grandma Camp, we gather all the photos taken during the week. Bob spends the evening helping his granddaughter arrange pictures and stickers into a colorful book of memories she can take home.
Every year at the end of camp, we drive home from the airport very tired — and grateful for our grandchildren and the special times we've had together. While Bob was deployed overseas, he received a call from Noelle he'll never forget. She told him that she had asked Jesus into her heart and wanted him to baptize her when he returned. Last year we traveled to Texas for Noelle's baptism.
All those years of Grandma Camp paid off with the richest of rewards.
Over the
highway and through the traffic, to Grandmother's condo we go!Sure, it's a slight variation on the traditional song, but one that fits the status of many grandparents today. We watch as our children grow up, marry, move, have children of their own and perhaps move again. Grandsons and granddaughters may not be down the road or around the corner as we might wish they were.
Grandparents, too, change locations. Some sell the family home and move into a townhouse or tour the country in an RV, or settle down in a little cottage by a lake far from the city. If a grandparent and grandchild want to remain connected, they have to find creative ways to carry on their relationship across the miles. It's a bit more challenging than if they lived in the same city or neighborhood, but it can be done, and it can be done successfully, as many grandparents can attest.
My mother and father, for example, lived apart from my three children (their first grandchildren) from the time my son and daughters were born. But they didn't let that stop them from maintaining a close relationship. They wrote regularly, phoned often, sent unexpected treats, and sometimes met us half-way between our house and theirs for a few days of vacation together.
My children have lasting memories of their grandparents surrounding them with love and passing on a sense of heritage they will never forget. And my parents were great role models for me — now that I have grandchildren of my own.
Whether you are a new grandparent or a veteran, you may want to consider some of the following activities as you build your long-distance relationship with your grandsons and granddaughters.
Be a phone pal. Instead of calling your adult children and then asking to speak to the grandchildren, call the kids first! They will love it. Be ready to ask questions about their friends, interests, school and sports. Take notes so you'll know what to talk about on a follow-up call.
Go digital. We no longer have to wait for our photos to be developed, make copies and then send them through the mail. Nowadays, we can share photos as a digital file over the Internet. The kids will 'see' you almost immediately. They can do the same in return. You can also record messages and footage with a video camera or compile a memory album of special photos.
Send a 'love package.' Everyone enjoys a surprise gift, and no one more than children. Watch for sales and stock up ahead on small items that you can mail for reasonable postage. I've packed chewing gum, creative stickers, flower seeds, coloring books, valentine cards, Easter candy, puzzles and so on. A card with a couple of dollars tucked inside is also a favorite with boys and girls of all ages. No matter what it contains, a 'love package' is a terrific way to say, "I'm thinking of you, miss you and love you."
Be an instant 'messager.' Modern kids are into IM (Instant Messaging). No child or teen can ignore an IM — especially if it's from Grandma or Grandpa. Thank heaven for the Internet. You can send an e-mail to chat with your grandchildren, regardless of the time zone. Grandparents whose grandchildren live in a foreign country find this to be one of the best 'connection' tools available. Through e-mail you can play games, share books, talk about the latest movies, discuss topics of mutual interest and give and take tips about a hobby you may share.
My 11-year-old grandson Jake for example, is an amateur gardener and chef. He wrote to tell me that he had earned $125 from his door-to-door chocolate chip cookie business. And he grew a watermelon that was so big is could have won a prize. What fun it was to hear about these adventures — in "real time."
My 13-year-old granddaughter Johannah is a Shakespeare buff. She's been to two Shakespeare camps and has been in several of the old bard's plays. She's also writing a teenage novel with a friend. She knows of my interest in theatre and writing, so we have a lot to 'talk' about when we chat via e-mail.
If you don't have a computer, I recommend you make this purchase a priority. Today's children are growing up with the Internet. If we want to remain a vital part of their world, we need to 'get with the program,' as the saying goes.
Grandparenting across the miles takes a little more effort and ingenuity than being there in person, but it's worth whatever it takes. You and your grandchildren will be the richer for it.
Helping families thrive with the support of friends like you.
Living in the same town or state as your children's grandparents isn't always an option. Here are simple ideas for staying in touch — and near in heart.
As a gift to my oldest grandson on his 14th birthday, I decided to take him on a trip. The mission was twofold: to spend important bonding time with him, and on a more ambitious level, to begin transferring the family mantle (it's a man thing, I guess).
Joshua was interested in the Civil War so I took him to the prisoner-of-war site in Andersonville, Georgia, a three-hour drive from where we live, near former President Jimmy Carter's birthplace.
We toured the site, the cemetery and the excellent POW-MIA museum where we saw a replica of the type of cell in which my friend Lee Ellis spent five years at the Hanoi Hilton in Vietnam.
Joshua and I talked about different things, including the sinister side of humans who would allow 26,000 men to be confined in an area intended to hold 13,000. At one time the prisoner count rose to 32,000 and disease caused by lack of sanitation killed thousands.
That night, we checked into a local motel. It was a hot, dry July so we swam in the pool. Later we ate good local barbecue. It was a terrific experience for both of us. We returned home the next day. Our little adventure allowed us 60 uninterrupted hours together. Joshua's memories of our days together may be more vivid later in life than now. I know I'll never forget.
The next year our second grandson turned 14. He has excellent artistic skills, so I thought we'd go to a nature site he'd never heard of. My hope was that we would see an abundance of wildlife Justin could treat as subjects. Though the reality was he didn't take all that well to our trip to the Phinizy Swamp, we did find an excellent art museum along the Savannah River in downtown Augusta. We also visited the Fort Discovery National Science Museum. Echoing my earlier time with Justin, Joshua also swam in the motel pool, and we enjoyed steak dinners.
Next year our oldest granddaughter Kathryn turns 14. It will be my wife's turn to do some specialized grandparent bonding. She hasn't decided where they'll go and what they'll do, but you can be sure it's going to be a treasured experience for both.


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Principles and Practice of Eastern Medicine
Donguibogam (Principles and practice of Eastern medicine) is an encyclopedia of medical knowledge and treatment techniques compiled and edited by Heo Jun, with the collective support of other medical experts in Korea. Heo Jun, a court physician, received a royal command to write a medical book to assist people suffering from famine brought about by war and drought during the rule of King Seonjo (1552–1608, reigned, 1567–1608). Heo Jun himself picked the proper medicinal herbs, which were native to the Korean Peninsula. He conducted human clinical trials to ...


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Word: vöölane
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Posted by kstohr on Aug 24, 2010
Related program: Pakistan 2010 Flood Rebuilding
Currently, the country is reeling from a natural disaster of astounding proportions: it is being hammered by the worst floods in the last 80 years, due to which over 2000 people have already died and over 20 million have been rendered homeless. Alarmingly, up to 3.5 million children who have survived are now at high risk of contracting deadly water-borne diseases. By partnering with the Karachi Relief Trust (KRT), we are aiming to provide immediate help to flood affectees as well as long-term assistance with re-construction.
The Karachi Relief Trust is an NGO experienced in providing relief in earthquake and flood affected areas. They have conducted an extensive survey of Pakistan - from the first hit village near Munda Head Works to the evacuated villages of Sindh. Our joint mission is to assist 5000 families rehabilitate and restore their lives by providing them with basic household and food items, and the necessary tools with which they can reconstruct their homes.
Posted by Sarah Bush Brady on Aug 18, 2010
Related program: Design Open Mic
Architecture for Humanity headquarters were jam-packed with volunteers, visitors and staff for our weekly Lunch and Learn. Bobby Chang, co-founder of California-based Incase, visited to present on Invisible Children's MEND program. A designer by trade, Bobby said he'd been working in Asia and wanted to evolve his skills to do something more 'responsible.' He was inspired by MEND and thought he could bring his design skills and knowledge to expand the program.
Who Made Your Bag?
Posted by Sarah Bush Brady on Aug 17, 2010
The US Conference of Mayors met in San Francisco to discuss how California cities are advancing energy efficiency through federal funding. Long Beach Mayor Bob Foster, San Francisco Mayor Gavin Newsom and Cathy Zoi from the US Department of Energy spoke about how block grants promote green projects and in turn provide jobs.
$2.8 billion goes directly to cities and towns through the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant Program, benefiting 215 cities and 13 counties in California. Some examples of projects are lighting efficiency and community facility retrofits. Zoi said there are 4,000 projects underway this summer from the program.
Cities can apply for the funds and then go through a bid process, whereby they send out a request for proposal for residential retrofits, for example. San Rafael Mayor Richard Landis said his city applied for funding for an already approved grant, and 24 hours later had the cash in hand.
Posted by on Aug 17, 2010
Santiago, Chile -- Architecture for Humanity, in partnership with Nike, is pleased to announce the Polideportivo Abierto Tecnológico Educacional Ana (P.A.T.E.A.) project as the winning proposal of Build Back Better: Chile. The project introduces innovative architectural solutions to solve some of the most pressing issues affecting the local community it plans to serve.
Posted by Karl Johnson on Aug 12, 2010
Related program: Haiti Rebuilding Center
As Haitian schools continue to apply for StudentsRebuild grants, we're reminded to think about all the aspects that can affect a working relationship. We'll be working with grant winners for the next couple of years as their schools are charretted, designed, built, and inspected for functionality. There are several considerations that can strengthen or strain our resources in reconstruction–as we begin featuring candidates on StudentsRebuild and through the Open Architecture Network, and you begin to single out the schools you want to support, keep these considerations in mind!
Posted by on Aug 11, 2010
Related program: Biloxi Model Homes
Congratulations to Marlon Blackwell Architects for being recognized by The Architectural Review for their design of the Porchdog House . The Porchdog, part of the Biloxi Model Home Program , was completed in 2009 for Richard Tyler and his teenage sons. The design of the prototype home considered local typologies, urban planning and storm mitigation.
Read the full article here .
Posted by Cameron on Aug 10, 2010
For the past decade Architecture for Humanity has held an open international design competition focuses on different issues that face the built environment. For 2011, we are giving you the choice to decide the topic.
In the past year we've been talking a lot about two issues 1. The most sustainable structure is one that has already been built and 2. Social justice, peace making and the built environment. From conversations with communities, academics and government officials, three strong options for the challenge have emerged. So let's vote!
Posted by on Aug 9, 2010
Related program: GAMECHANGERS | sports micro-venture fund
Congratulations to the architectural team of Lompreta Nolte Arquitetos / Nanda Eskes Arquitetura and our Rio based Design Fellow Daniel Feldman, who handed the site over to contractor Jermo Engenheria for the 11-week construction of the Homeless World Cup Legacy Center at Instituto Bola Pra Frente in Santa Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Construction will pause briefly in September 20-26 while the Rio 2010 Homeless World Cup takes over Copacabana Beach so the 64 teams from across the globe can test out the Homeless World Cup Legacy's new Greenfields Street Football Pitch.
Also keep an eye out for the Mobile Retail Kiosk, designed by Daniel Feldman, on the beach during the event selling the latest Homeless World Cup Fan Wear, made from offcuts from the Brazilian National Jersey. Look for the full Mobile Enterprise Kiosk story in the coming weeks.
Posted by on Aug 6, 2010
Trestles is arguably the most popular surfing break in North America, attracting over 300,000 people a year. To save time, nearly a third of these visitors take a shortcut along an unmaintained trail, cross the railroad tracks, and follow any number of impromptu footpaths through some of the most pristine marshlands left in Southern California.
The San Onofre Foundation has partnered with the Surfrider Foundation, Nike 6.0, and Architecture for Humanity to ask how can we address the recreational demands of the State Park safely, while also protecting and conserving the experience of Trestles -- a surfing and environmental world treasure. To explore different solutions, "Safe Trestles" was launched, an open-to-all design and ideas competition that asks how can we eliminate the dangers of crossing active railroad tracks, and create low-impact access to Trestles.
Months have passed since the devastating earthquake hit Haiti killing an estimated 200,000 people and leaving another million homeless. The global effort to support Haiti is now shifting from relief to rebuilding lives of the Haitian People.
100% of the proceeds from your $25.00 purchase of a Haiti Help Build Hope reusable thermally insulated porcelain mug, with silicone lid, and a 70g bag of Haitian Blue whole bean certified organic coffee will be donated to Architecture for Humanity for the design and development of permanent schools in Haiti.


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Anatole France (April 16, 1844 October 12, 1924) was the pen name of French author Jacques Anatole Franois Thibault. He was born in Paris, France, and died in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, France. In addition to being a celebrated author, Anatole was also documented to have a brain volume just two-thirds the normal size.