text:
The Role of the Narrator in Narrative Inquiry in Education: Construction and Co-Construction in Two Case Studies
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This paper explores narratives as an effective means of capturing multiple identities of research participants in complex social environments in education research. In doing so, it explores the role of the narrator in two case studies in two modes of narrative inquiry. Both studies present narratives of young people, focusing on multiple…
Bignold, Wendy; Su, Feng
Using Narrative Case Studies in an Online World Religions Course to Stimulate Deep Learning about Islam
The purpose of this action research was to examine how a narrative case study in an online asynchronous world religions course affected learners' understandings, appreciation, and respect for the beliefs and values of others. The world religions course examined a variety of religions including Islam. Ten participants received information about the…
Elliott, Sherman Lee
Constructing narratives of heroism and villainy: case study of Myriad's BRACAnalysis® compared to Genentech's Herceptin®
PubMed Central
Background The development of Herceptin® is welcomed as a major advance in breast cancer treatment, while Myriad's development of BRACAnalysis® is a widely used diagnostic. However useful and successful this product is, its presence in the public eye is tainted by predominantly negative press about gene patenting and business practices. Discussion While retrospection invites a sharp contrast between Genentech's triumphal narrative of scientific achievement and Myriad's public image as a controversial monopolist, a comparative history of these companies' products reveals two striking consistencies: patents and public discontent. Despite these similarities, time has reduced the narrative to that of hero versus villain: Genentech is lauded - at least for the final outcome of the Herceptin® story - as a corporate good citizen, Myriad as a ruthless mercenary. Since patents undergird both products yet the narratives are so different, the stories raise the question: why have patents taken the fall as the scapegoat in current biotechnology policy debate? Summary A widely publicized lawsuit and accompanying bad press have cast Myriad as a villain in the evolving narrative of biotechnology. While the lawsuit suggests that this villainy is attributable to Myriad's intellectual property, we suggest through a comparative case study that, at least in the Myriad case, it is not simply about the patents but also other business strategies the company chose to pursue. Patents were a necessary but not sufficient cause of controversy.
Narrative-Based Intervention for Word-Finding Difficulties: A Case Study
Background: Children with word-finding difficulties manifest a high frequency of word-finding characteristics in narrative, yet word-finding interventions have concentrated on single-word treatments and outcome measures. Aims: This study measured the effectiveness of a narrative-based intervention in improving single-word picture-naming and…
Marks, Ian; Stokes, Stephanie F.
Gender Differences in Student Performance in Large Lecture Classrooms Using Personal Response Systems ("Clickers") with Narrative Case Studies
This study investigated gender differences in science learning between two pedagogical approaches: traditional lecture and narrative case studies using personal response systems ("clickers"). Thirteen instructors of introductory biology classes at 12 different institutions across the USA and Canada used two types of pedagogy (Clicker Cases and…
Kang, Hosun; Lundeberg, Mary; Wolter, Bjorn; delMas, Robert; Herreid, Clyde F.
Gender differences in student performance in large lecture classrooms using personal response systems ('clickers') with narrative case studies
Microsoft Academic Search
This study investigated gender differences in science learning between two pedagogical approaches: traditional lecture and narrative case studies using personal response systems ('clickers'). Thirteen instructors of introductory biology classes at 12 different institutions across the USA and Canada used two types of pedagogy (Clicker Cases and traditional lecture) to teach eight topic areas. Three different sets of multiple regression analysis
Hosun Kang; Mary Lundeberg; Bjřrn Wolter; Robert delMas; Clyde F. Herreid
Learning from tinnitus patients' narratives--A case study in the psychodynamic approach
Tinnitus is assumed to be the perception of sound that results exclusively from activity within the nervous system without any external stimulation. Approximately 1–2% of the population regard their tinnitus as a serious threat towards their quality of life. The way the patients describe their suffering varies, sometimes also depending on the interest and insight of the clinician to whom they turn to for help. The lack of insightful narratives of someone who is severely annoyed by the presence of a constant tinnitus sound may lead to limited and biased models of tinnitus suffering. In the present case study the participating patient, a woman aged 70, shared her experience of being victimized by tinnitus with the clinician/researcher during a number of psychotherapeutic sessions. The psychodynamic, narrative approach, made it possible for the client to articulate the unique and specific meaning that she experienced as being part of her suffering. In her words, tinnitus became a tolerable symptom that she managed to work through within psychotherapeutic alliance.
Dauman, Nicolas
Working With Gay Men From a Narrative Counseling Perspective: A Case Study
Narrative counseling continues to gain attention in the family counseling field as a contemporary method of treatment. Scant attention has been given to the application of narrative counseling in working with gay males. Narrative counseling provides a framework to explore how cultural values, worldviews, power, and privilege influence the stories we live and impact emotional well-being. This article summarizes narrative
Ron McLean; Irmo Marini
"Mass Effect 2": A Case Study in the Design of Game Narrative
Digital games have matured substantially as a narrative medium in the last decade. However, there is still much work to be done to more fully understand the poetics of story-based-games. Game narrative remains an important issue with significant cultural, economic and scholarly implications. In this article, we undertake a critical analysis of the…
Bizzocchi, Jim; Tanenbaum, Joshua
Bilingual Development in Study-Abroad Journal Narratives: Three Case Studies from a Short-Term Program in Mexico
This paper examines the linguistic and cultural development of three US university students in a one-month study-abroad program in Mexico, as represented in their bilingual journals. Through narrative analysis, the paper explores students' varied evaluations of their study-abroad experiences, as well as how these evaluations seemed to affect their…
Menard-Warwick, Julia; Palmer, Deborah
Social change movements and the struggle over meaning-making: a case study of domestic violence narratives.
Social movement theorists have emphasized the important role of meaning-making for social change movements (e.g., D. A. Snow and R. D. Benford, 1992, In: A. D. Morris & C. M. Mueller (Eds.) Frontiers in social movement theory. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, pp 133-155; C. M. Mueller, 1992, In: A. D. Morris & C. M. Mueller (Eds.) Frontiers in social movement theory. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, pp 3-26). Using the domestic violence movement as a case study, this study undertakes a close analysis of advocates' narratives about the phenomenon of domestic violence. This analysis sheds light on the current status of the movement as a social change movement attempting to promote alternative understandings of domestic violence as a social, rather than individual, problem. Study findings provide some evidence that the domestic violence movement has become increasingly de-politicized by documenting a range of narratives that convey an apolitical, degendered, individual-level analysis of domestic violence. PMID:18923897
Lehrner, Amy; Allen, Nicole E
Narrative Inquiry into (Re)imagining Alternative Schools: A Case Study of Kevin Gonzales
Although there are many alternative schools that strive for the successful education of their students, negative images of alternative schools persist. While some alternative schools are viewed as "idealistic havens", many are viewed as "dumping grounds" or "juvenile detention centers". Employing narrative inquiry, this article interrogates how a…
Kim, Jeong-Hee
Creating teaching objects: a case study of delivering recorded narrations in nursing education.
This article evaluates the use of PowerPoint presentations and recorded narrations (developed and saved as Flash content using software called Articulate Presenter) as a tool to help postgraduate nursing students taking a pharmacology course to learn key pharmacological and pharmacotherapeutic concepts. Students found that the teaching objects, provided as additional resources to assist students in learning about difficult concepts, supported them in their learning. Additionally, students reported that while they appreciated the provision of the teaching objects, the objects lacked an interactive component and did not replace interaction with the teacher. Articulate Presenter, as a tool to create a recorded narration, was easy for the teacher to use and promoted teacher independence in the creation of teaching objects. PMID:20975542
Lim, Anecita Gigi; Doherty, Iain; Honey, Michelle L L
This article evaluates the use of PowerPoint presentations and recorded narrations (developed and saved as Flash content using software called Articulate Presenter) as a tool to help postgraduate nursing students taking a pharmacology course to learn key pharmacological and pharmacotherapeutic concepts. Students found that the teaching objects, provided as additional resources to assist students in learning about difficult concepts, supported them in their learning. Additionally, students reported that while they appreciated the provision of the teaching objects, the objects lacked an interactive component and did not replace interaction with the teacher. Articulate Presenter, as a tool to create a recorded narration, was easy for the teacher to use and promoted teacher independence in the creation of teaching objects. PMID:21701274
Facts and Narrative - the Concept of 4d Capturing of Heritage Building; a Case Study of Sompur Mahavihara, Bangladesh
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
This study embarked upon a premise that considers architecture of building as a dynamic phenomenon. A building from its conception is susceptible to change due to various reasons. An historical building that is several hundred years old must have undergone through changes due to political, social, religious and most importantly functional reasons. Hence capturing building and its dynamic evolution is necessary to appreciate its architecture as well as its heritage value. Whereas the conventional method of fact based historiography only captures the building in particular moment. It makes architectural historians to become perplexed over to which particular moment to be documented. It is a great challenge for the architectural historians to bring back these dynamic characters of the building that are mostly inconspicuous in nature from this point of time. In this situation the historical discourse also remains elusive and blurred. The idea of 4d capturing comes in front in this scenario. Current research would venture into this emerging idea to record the architecture of the early period. This paper highlights the need for a flexible tool to capture this dynamic character of the building. By citing the case study of the 7th century Buddhist Monastery in Bengal, this paper thus argues for the need of capturing the narrative of a historical building than the facts to get a complete picture of its architecture. This study aims at capturing the narrative of Sompur Mahavihara, the UNESCO World Heritage site in Bangladesh, which is currently in ruinous condition. However, it's few hundred years life suggests that as architecture it was subject to change due to different reasons, mainly political, religious and rituals. Being a monument that belongs to the flourishing phase of a society, traditionally this monastery architecture certainly played a role as a stage for religious and political pageantry as well as different religious performances. As architecture it works as complex process of interaction of different layers of ideas, agendas and authorship through time. This paper would further explore different tools for historians to capturing this process of interaction and preserving/ conserving the narrative of this building using virtual modelling.
Rashid, Md. M.; Rahaman, H.
Cultural Fantasy Narratives and Heritage Language Learning: A Case Study of Adult Heritage Learners of Spanish
This study investigates the case of 7 female heritage learners of Spanish who have chosen, as adults, to enroll in online Spanish language instruction at the postsecondary level. Drawing on symbolic convergence theory, it identifies a cultural fantasy metanarrative that participants collectively constructed as they made sense of their language…
Coryell, Joellen E.; Clark, M. Carolyn; Pomerantz, Anne
The Co-Construction of Self-Talk and Illness Narratives: An HIV Intervention Case Study
This case study investigates the co-construction communication patterns that emerged during an Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) intervention designed to reduce negative and critical self-talk. The transcripts of eight sequential acupressure and behavioral (SAB) counseling intervention sessions between a therapist and two medically nonadherent HIV-infected women were analyzed using Giorgi's (1989, 1994, 1997, 2006) phenomeonlogical method of inquiry. The analysis revealed
Yvette Bueno
Knowledge, Narrative And Self-Study
In this chapter we explore the ideas of knowledge and narrative in self-studies. Questions of how narrative self-studies allow\\u000a insight into participant knowledge are addressed. Two sets of assumptions guide the exploration: first, a distinction between\\u000a teacher knowledge and knowledge for teachers; and, second, a notion of narrative inquiry. We first distinguish between a view\\u000a of knowledge as something teachers
D. Jean Clandinina; Michael Connellyb
The Use of Communicative Strategies in Narrative Discourse: A Case Study of a Learner of Moroccan Arabic as a Second Language.
Investigates interaction between application of communicative strategies and narrative discourse features. The data draws upon research in narrative discourse collected from one student of Moroccan Arabic. The study suggests that the subject resorted to a number of strategies to compensate for her linguistic deficiencies and that application of…
Fakhri, Ahmed
Evaluating Organizational Quality through Narrative: A Case for Accreditation Using the School Portfolio
This case study examines the narrative form of communication as used by educational leaders and their constituencies for quality school improvement. The school portfolio was used as an alternative accreditation process in one public school of over 800 students. This narrative approach used observation, interviews, and document analysis to validate…
Fisch, Buddy
A Case Study of the Features of Oral Narratives Produced by a Small Group of Children with Sensory Processing Disorder
Research indicates that oral narrative is the discourse form that functions as a bridge between conversational oral language and language skills that contribute to the acquisition of literacy in children (Westby, 1991). Learning to tell stories, therefore, is important to children's literacy development. Mastering extended discourse tasks such as…
Kingston, Helen Chen
The Use of Dynamic Assessment to Evaluate Narrative Language Learning in Children with Hearing Loss: Three Case Studies
The primary objectives of this research were to establish whether dynamic assessment could be implemented in children with hearing loss with a range of language abilities and to obtain pilot data to support the use of dynamic assessment for determining narrative language learning difficulties in children with hearing loss. Participants were three…
Asad, Areej Nimer; Hand, Linda; Fairgray, Liz; Purdy, Suzanne Carolyn
Socio-Cultural Power Dynamics and Coping Functions: A Narrative Case Report of a Female Paralympian
Purpose This case study explores the lived experiences of an elite female Paralympic powerlifting athlete. The focus is on restrictions and coping responses employed to manage the daily hassles within the cultural and ethnic requirements for achieving athletic excellence. Methods With an unstructured interview, the narrative was acquired which ranged to a total of 75 minutes (approx) and 20 single spaced pages. The data was analyzed using Foucauldian discourse analysis in conjuncture to feminist poststructuralist theory. Results The results highlight the issues relating to femininity, culture and ethnicity with regard to athletic career. The analysis elicits extracts from the narrative to describe the coping functions reflecting proactive coping, anticipatory coping, and preventative coping. Conclusions The narrative draws attention to the socio-cultural restrictions and coping functions that the athlete adopted to overcome the barriers of femininity, culture, ethnicity requirements and athleticism.
Roy, Anaurene
The female athlete triad: a case series and narrative overview
Objective: To illustrate the varying presentations of the female athlete triad and to inform the practitioner of the potential sequelae of this common condition. Clinical Features: Four patients presented with a variety of signs and symptoms of the female athlete triad including low caloric intake, osteoporosis, amenorrhea and/or endothelial dysfunction. Intervention and Outcome: A conservative treatment approach was utilized in each case including education on the female athlete triad, education on increased caloric intake and a referral to the family physician. Conclusion: Health care practitioners should be aware of the different clinical presentations of the female athlete triad. A narrative review of the literature is provided to educate practitioners on the components of the female athlete triad, proper diagnosis and appropriate management.
Laframboise, Michelle A.; Borody, Cameron; Stern, Paula
Using Case-Based Pedagogy in the Philippines: A Narrative Inquiry
This study features use of case-based pedagogy as a context for exploring science teacher education reform. A central premise of the study is that science teacher education reform is a complex process characterised by the individual and collective narrative histories of teachers. The study was conducted at West Visayas State University in the Philippines as a collaborative research endeavour involving two US and four Filipino science teacher educators. The centrepiece of this study was a case experience prompted by reflection on prospective and practicing elementary teachers' written cases. Results of the study are presented here as a layered narrative. An initial layer explores how a case, written by a prospective teacher, was interwoven with her past and future life history. A second layer looks at sociocultural and professional tensions that mediated the participants' case experience. A third layer represents how the case experience provided a community that supported critical reflection among the research team members. Implications from the study emphasise that case-based pedagogy can serve as a basis for critical reflection to inform community-based approaches to science teacher education pedagogical and research reform.
Arellano, Elvira L.; Barcenal, Tessie L.; Bilbao, Purita P.; et al.
Use of the Outdoor Classroom and Nature-Study to Support Science and Literacy Learning: A Narrative Case Study of a Third-Grade Classroom
A case study of an exemplary third grade teacher's use of the outdoor classroom for meeting both state science and language arts standards is described. Data from the researcher's field journal, teacher lesson plans, and teacher interviews document how this teacher used nature-study to bridge outdoor classroom experiences with the state science and language arts curriculum. This teacher's early life experiences supported her strong interest in science and nature in the outdoors and experiencing it with her children. Children interacted with the outdoor classroom throughout the day as a context for science and literacy learning. All but one child successfully met Annual Yearly Progress (AYP) goals in reading at the end of the school year.
Eick, Charles J.
The Use of Personal Narrative in Classroom Case Study Analysis to Improve Long-term Knowledge Retention and Cultivate Professional Qualities in Allied Health Students
This study evaluated the use of two different case study formats (clinically-oriented cases versus personally-oriented cases) to determine which was most effective in promoting long-term retention of clinically significant microbiology concepts, developing patient empathy, improving comprehension of patient compliance problems, and facilitating student understanding of transcultural health care concerns. The analysis was conducted in multiple sections of three different introductory microbiology classes targeting specific cohorts: nursing students, pharmacy students and other allied health students (pre-med, pre-PA, CLS, etc.). Retention of course content was determined by evaluation of multiple-choice and short answer examinations at least three weeks after completing case studies. Evaluation of patient empathy, understanding of patient compliance issues and transcultural health care concerns were determined via student surveys. The results of the study indicated that personalized cases significantly improved long-term retention of course content. In addition, student responses indicated that personalized case studies were more effective in developing patient empathy and aiding students in understanding issues patients have with complying with treatment recommendations. Finally, personalized case studies were effective tools for introducing students to the challenges of transcultural health care.
Young, Linda M.; Anderson, Rodney P.
Third Grade Written Narratives: A Cross-Linguistic Study.
A study examined what a third grader might understand about composing a common genre like the narrative, given the degree of variance among approaches and experience. Data were collected from different school sites over a period of several years. These sites shared common geographical areas: three schools were located in the Sonoran desert shared…
Gregory, George Ann
Narrative Skills in Children with Selective Mutism: An Exploratory Study
Selective mutism (SM) is a rare and complex disorder associated with anxiety symptoms and speech-language deficits; however, the nature of these language deficits has not been studied systematically. A novel cross-disciplinary assessment protocol was used to assess anxiety and nonverbal cognitive, receptive language, and expressive narrative…
McInnes, Alison; Fung, Daniel; Manassis, Katharina; Fiksenbaum, Lisa; Tannock, Rosemary
Embodied Narratives in Becoming a Counselling Trainer: An Autoethnographic Study
This autoethnographic study addresses the newly appointed counselling trainer's question "How did I get here?" The procedure is described, and findings are presented as partial narratives of the Wounded Dancer, poems and prose written from different voices. Themes are revealed of love, healing, risk taking, unconventionality, physicality and…
Meekums, Bonnie
The use of narrative analysis as a research and evaluation method of atypical language: the case of deaf writing
The present paper argues the use of narratives as the most appropriate evaluation method in cases of atypical language production. Narrative as a genre has an ecological validity that other genres used in language research and evaluation do not have. Narratives develop naturally from very early, they are independent of education and academic skills, and they are meaningful because of
M. Koutsoubou
Narrative Exposure Therapy as a treatment for child war survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder: Two case reports and a pilot study in an African refugee settlement
Background Little data exists on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that has resulted from exposure to war or conflict-related violence, especially in non-industrialized countries. We created and evaluated the efficacy of KIDNET, a child-friendly version of Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET), as a short-term treatment for children. Methods Six Somali children suffering from PTSD aged 12–17 years resident in a refugee settlement in Uganda were treated with four to six individual sessions of KIDNET by expert clinicians. Symptoms of PTSD and depression were assessed pre-treatment, post-treatment and at nine months follow-up using the CIDI Sections K and E. Results Important symptom reduction was evident immediately after treatment and treatment outcomes were sustained at the 9-month follow-up. All patients completed therapy, reported functioning gains and could be helped to reconstruct their traumatic experiences into a narrative with the use of illustrative material. Conclusions NET may be safe and effective to treat children with war related PTSD in the setting of refugee settlements in developing countries.
Onyut, Lamaro P; Neuner, Frank; Schauer, Elisabeth; Ertl, Verena; Odenwald, Michael; Schauer, Maggie; Elbert, Thomas
Change Management and Complexity: The Case for Narrative Action Research
Post-modern theorists have challenged the totalizing and unifying ambitions of change management practices. This paper explores how a narrative action research approach may be used to combine our modernist commitment to facilitate change and collaboration in the land management context with a post-modern sensitivity to complexity and difference.…
Boxelaar, Lucia; Paine, Mark; Beilin, Ruth
The Role of Narrative in Multimedia Learning
This descriptive case study investigated the role of narrative in multimedia learning and teaching and observed how teachers applied their understanding of narrative, and new constructivist technologies, to design multimedia presentations for instruction. The study looked specifically at the cognitive strategies, visual narrative concepts, and…
Diamond, Myrna Elyse
The Narrative Turn and the Poetics of Resistance: Towards a New Language for Critical Educational Studies
This article argues for the adoption of a new language in critical educational studies through the "narrative turn", a turn that politicizes knowledge by drawing attention to questions concerning the meaning, construction and authorship of narratives. In the authors' interpretation going back to the poetics of early narrative forms they…
Peters, Michael A.; Besley, Tina
Narrative skills in children with selective mutism: an exploratory study.
Selective mutism (SM) is a rare and complex disorder associated with anxiety symptoms and speech-language deficits; however, the nature of these language deficits has not been studied systematically. A novel cross-disciplinary assessment protocol was used to assess anxiety and nonverbal cognitive, receptive language, and expressive narrative abilities in 7 children with SM and a comparison group of 7 children with social phobia (SP). The children with SM produced significantly shorter narratives than children with SP, despite showing normal nonverbal cognitive and receptive language abilities. The findings suggest that SM may involve subtle expressive language deficits that may influence academic performance and raise additional questions for further research. The assessment procedure developed for this study may be potentially useful for language clinicians. PMID:15719897
Analyzing Trauma Narratives: Introducing the Narrative Form Index and Matrix
Purpose:Narrative form research is introduced as a unique, qualitative approach to studying narrative material, particularly trauma narratives. This methodology incorporates new analytic tools: Narrative Form Index (NFI) and Narrative Form Index Matrix (NFIM). Research Method\\/Design: The NFI is a standard set of narrative terms that provides a critical inventory of forms useful in processing the structure, context, and whole elements
Kathie J. Albright; Colette H. Duggan; Marcy J. Epstein
'Dead Man Walking': Case Statements as Organizational Change Narratives
Fundraisers must develop case statements expressing authentic organizational ownership to effectively lead resource development. Self-serving leadership and factions, however, can make developing donor-focused case statements problematic. During the case making process, fundraisers must navigate organizations' politically negotiated realities to partner institutional and philanthropic vision. Internal schisms surface as leadership faces potential change, a collective process analogous to death and dying.
John H. Hanson
The Impact of Prompted Narrative Writing during Internship on Reflective Practice: A Qualitative Study
Narrative writing has been used to promote reflection and increased self-awareness among physicians. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of prompted narrative writing on reflection. Thirty-two interns at 9 internal medicine residency programs participated in a year-long qualitative study about personal growth beginning in July of…
Levine, Rachel B.; Kern, David E.; Wright, Scott M.
Using Science Teaching Case Narratives to Evaluate the Level of Acceptance of Scientific Inquiry Teaching in Preservice Elementary Teachers
The National Science Education Standards have outlined flexible processes children perform when engaging in scientific inquiry.\\u000a Cases narratives are a common component of many university science education courses but rarely are they used as a tool to\\u000a evaluate the preservice teachers within these courses. This article describes the construction of a positive and negative\\u000a science teaching case narrative. These case
Ron Wagler
Narrative Comprehension and Production in Children with SLI: An Eye Movement Study
This study investigates narrative comprehension and production in children with specific language impairment (SLI). Twelve children with SLI (mean age 5;8 years) and 12 typically developing children (mean age 5;6 years) participated in an eye-tracking experiment designed to investigate online narrative comprehension and production in Catalan- and…
Andreu, Llorenc; Sanz-Torrent, Monica; Olmos, Joan Guardia; MacWhinney, Brian
Teaching Story Grammar Components to Increase Oral Narrative Ability: A Group Intervention Study
This pilot study investigated the impact of an oral narrative intervention program implemented with 24 children who attended a College of Education on campus laboratory school for children with specific language learning difficulties. Oral narratives were elicited before and after treatment and underwent T-unit and story grammar component…
Green, Laura B.; Klecan-Aker, Joni S.
Bio-Psycho-Social Reasoning in GPs' Case Narratives: The Discursive Construction of ME Patients' Identities
This article takes a discursive psychology approach to the analysis of medical case narratives. An analysis of interview extracts on the topic of ME (CFS) shows how GPs use bio-psycho-social reasoning to construct the patient's identity and to define their illness as mental or physical. Patients' identities are 'talked up' using bio-psycho-social 'evidence'; they are constructed in the process of
Mary Horton-Salway
Colorful Wishes: The Fusion of Drawing, Narratives, and Social Studies.
This article considers the pedagogical theory of constructivism in the integration of curricular content areas and the infusion of the arts in the context of the recent terrorist attacks. It uses products created by third-grade students to illustrate how drawing and discussion can be used as precursors to narrative composition. (Contains…
Coufal, Kathy L.; Coufal, Dayna C.
Narrative survey: A Methodology for studying multiple populations
The narrative survey is a qualitative research strategy which offers a method for surveying large populations. While the research community relies on several types of qualitative approaches as alternative research responses to the quantitative types, the survey strategy has been the exclusive domain of positivistic-quantitative re- search. However, if we seek qualitative understandings in relation to many people, each finding
Asher Shkedi
Smoking Decisions from a Teen Perspective: A Narrative Study
Objective: To explore the transitional phase between experimental and regular smoking from the perspective of teens. Method: Narrative analysis of semistructured, individual interviews. Results: The need to belong and immediate social gain are major themes influencing teen smoking decisions. Conclusions: Our findings have significance for public…
Baillie, Lynne; Lovato, Chris Y.; Johnson, Joy L.; Kalaw, Cecilia
Black Women in White Institutions: A Study of Ten Narratives.
This paper is based on 10 firsthand accounts of black women who graduated from historically white institutions. Four of the narratives came from autobiographies, those of educators Fanny Jackson and Lena Beatrice Morton, social activist Mary Church Terrell, and political activist and author Angela Davis. Three of the other accounts were taken from…
Ihle, Elizabeth L.
Narrative methods in quality improvement research
?? This paper reviews and critiques the different approaches to the use of narrative in quality improvement research. The defining characteristics of narrative are chronology (unfolding over time); emplotment (the literary juxtaposing of actions and events in an implicitly causal sequence); trouble (that is, harm or the risk of harm); and embeddedness (the personal story nests within a particular social, historical and organisational context). Stories are about purposeful action unfolding in the face of trouble and, as such, have much to offer quality improvement researchers. But the quality improvement report (a story about efforts to implement change), which is common, must be distinguished carefully from narrative based quality improvement research (focused systematic enquiry that uses narrative methods to generate new knowledge), which is currently none. We distinguish four approaches to the use of narrative in quality improvement research—narrative interview; naturalistic story gathering; organisational case study; and collective sense-making—and offer a rationale, describe how data can be collected and analysed, and discuss the strengths and limitations of each using examples from the quality improvement literature. Narrative research raises epistemological questions about the nature of narrative truth (characterised by sense-making and emotional impact rather than scientific objectivity), which has implications for how rigour should be defined (and how it might be achieved) in this type of research. We offer some provisional guidance for distinguishing high quality narrative research in a quality improvement setting from other forms of narrative account such as report, anecdote, and journalism.
Greenhalgh, T; Russell, J; Swinglehurst, D
Re-Educating The Pastoral: A Study Of US\\/Southeast Asian Postcolonial Narratives
U.S.\\/Southeast Asian exile narratives, or "refugee literature," tend to be classified as autobiographies, testimonials and personal narratives, and not with other literary genres such as the pastoral. Pastoral representations of the homeland, however, are an important presence in the literature and film of Southeast Asian refugees. Building on Raymond Williams' study on the country\\/city tension of the pastoral mode, this
Tina Lynn Powell
Review of Narrative Methodology.
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This annotated bibliography focuses on the various approaches to studying narrative. It covers the approaches to narrative in an interdisciplinary manner, including the fields of psychology, sociology, linguistics, philosophy, anthropology, organization s...
M. C. Mitchell M. Egudo
Re-Visioning One's Narratives: Exploring the Relationship between Researcher Self-Study and Teacher Research
This paper is concerned with the relationship of self-study to a non-self-study methodology used in a teacher study. The study was intended to involve 18 kindergarten to Grade 12 teachers in "bringing memory forward" through looking back on their narratives, producing an autobiography and discussing familiar texts in relation to unfamiliar ones.…
Strong-Wilson, Teresa
The National Science Education Standards have outlined flexible processes children perform when engaging in scientific inquiry. Cases narratives are a common component of many university science education courses but rarely are they used as a tool to evaluate the preservice teachers within these courses. This article describes the construction of…
Wagler, Ron
Narrative comprehension and production in children with SLI: An eye movement study
This study investigates narrative comprehension and production in children with specific language impairment (SLI). Twelve children with SLI (mean age 5; 8 years) and 12 typically developing children (mean age 5; 6 years) participated in an eye-tracking experiment designed to investigate online narrative comprehension and production in Catalan- and Spanish-speaking children with SLI. The comprehension task involved the recording of eye movements during the visual exploration of successive scenes in a story, while listening to the associated narrative. With regard to production, the children were asked to retell the story, while once again looking at the scenes, as their eye movements were monitored. During narrative production, children with SLI look at the most semantically relevant areas of the scenes fewer times than their age-matched controls, but no differences were found in narrative comprehension. Moreover, the analyses of speech productions revealed that children with SLI retained less information and made more semantic and syntactic errors during retelling. Implications for theories that characterize SLI are discussed.
Race, Narrative Inquiry, and Self-Study in Curriculum and Teacher Education
Narrative inquiry and self-study are used as analytic and conceptual lenses to examine the author's teacher education course where he attempted to introduce the relevance and centrality of race and racism in society and thus education. Implications of the study point to the important role of personal experiences in curriculum development and…
Milner, H. Richard
Mission Drift in Qualitative Research, or Moving Toward a Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies, Moving Back to a More Systematic Narrative Review
The paper argues that the systematic review of qualitative research is best served by reliance upon qualitative methods themselves. A case is made for strengthening the narrative literature review and using narrative itself as a method of review. A technique is proposed that builds upon recent developments in qualitative systematic review by the use of a narrative inductive method of
Kip Jones
Becoming Researchers: A Narrative Study of Chinese University EFL Teachers' Research Practice and Their Professional Identity Construction
This article reports on a narrative study of university EFL (English as a foreign language) teachers' research practices and their identity construction as researchers in China. Drawing upon data from narrative frames among 104 teachers and in-depth interviews with four teachers, the study reveals that teachers' increased research…
Xu, Yueting
How To Tell a True War Story: The Dramaturgy and Staging of Narrative Theatre.
Details a case study of using narrative theater to engage with a wider variety of subject matter. Defines narrative theater as a group performance that features narrative as the primary expressive vehicle. Outlines the process of writing and directing a student performance of Tim O'Brien's novel "The Things They Carried," which deals with the…
Taft-Kaufman, Jill
A Crosslinguistic Study of Cohesion in Children's Narratives: The Introduction of Referents.
A study examined the development of discourse cohesion in first language acquisition within a functional and cross-linguistic perspective. The analyses focused on how children introduce new referents in discourse across four languages: English, French, German, and Mandarin Chinese. The data base consists of narratives produced by children between…
Hickmann, Maya; And Others
The micropolitics of teacher induction. A narrative-biographical study on teacher socialisation
The 'praxis shock' of beginning teachers not only has to do with issues at the classroom level, but also with teacher socialisation in the school as an organisation. This thesis was studied with beginning primary school teachers in Belgium. Combining a narrative-biographical and a micropolitical approach, the idea that teachers' actions as members of an organisation are guided by professional
Geert Kelchtermans; Katrijn Ballet
The Role of the Scientific Discovery Narrative in Middle School Science Education: An Experimental Study
In an experimental study (N = 209), the authors compared the effects of exposure to typical middle-school written science content when presented in the context of the scientific discovery narrative and when presented in a more traditional nonnarrative format on 7th and 8th grade students in the United States. The development of texts was…
Arya, Diana J.; Maul, Andrew
Teaching Freedom of Speech through the Case Study Method.
The use of case studies or case histories of Supreme Court cases concerning freedom of speech often provides the "real world" dimension that is too often lacking in the teaching of this area. The case study or case history is a coherent narrative of the historical events designed to illuminate the issues involved in a specific situation. Such…
Kane, Peter E.
Structured narrative retell instruction for young children from low socioeconomic backgrounds: a preliminary study of feasibility
Successful acquisition of literacy depends on adequate development of decoding skills as well as broader, meaning-related knowledge and skills for text comprehension. Children from low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds are often challenged in both domains, relative to peers who are not economically disadvantaged. The efficacy of code-focused instructional programs for at-risk preliterate children is well supported, but less evidence is available regarding interventions to improve broader language and comprehension skills. This preliminary study tested the feasibility of a new intervention, "structured narrative retell instruction" (SNRI), and explored its potential to enhance meaning-related knowledge and skills, including vocabulary, listening comprehension, and narrative skills, in pre-literate, low SES children. SNRI used authentic children's books to model comprehension processes, explicitly teach story grammar, and implicitly target microstructural aspects of narratives. Participants included 9 children with a mean age of 60 months, who were randomly assigned to SNRI or to code-focused literacy instruction (CFLI). Each group received 12, 40-min instructional sessions over 6 weeks. Pre- and post-tests were administered to assess vocabulary, listening comprehension, narrative macrostructure and narrative microstructure, as well as alphabet knowledge, phonological awareness, and concepts of print. The feasibility of SNRI was demonstrated by completion of the designed study, moderately high treatment fidelity, and qualitative feedback from interventionists. The SNRI group also made significant gains on 4 of the 7 meaning-related measures (p < 0.10). In comparison, the CFLI group made significant gains on 2 of 7 meaning-related measures. We conclude that SNRI is feasible and shows potential for improving language skills related to comprehension and that further research investigating its efficacy is warranted.
Adlof, Suzanne M.; McLeod, Angela N.; Leftwich, Brianne
Treatment of Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Case Report and Narrative Review
Introduction. Treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer is under discussion. Differences between clinical and pathological staging and risk factors such as positive surgical margins and seminal vesicle involvement challenge the individual treatment decisions. Case Presentation. Clinical tumor stage before treatment was assessed to be T2. After radical prostatectomy, pathological examination revealed the stage pT3b N0 M0 including positive surgical margin and seminal vesicle involvement. Early adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy and late adjuvant radiation therapy were added in response to the pathological risk factors. No evidence of disease was observed for 15 years after the treatment. The unexpected pathological findings were not explained by the physicians in charge. Discussion. A narrative review of the recent literature showed that multiple treatment modalities including adjuvant radiotherapy following radical prostatectomy are consistent with current recommendations. The multimodal approach has possibly cured a high-risk patient and may also work successfully in other patients. An alternative treatment option with better preservation of health-related quality of life might have also achieved a similar good overall survival.
Peinemann, Frank; Pinkawa, Michael
Institutionalizing LRE Programs: Eight Case Studies.
In 1987, the U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention contracted with the Social Science Education Consortium to study how law-related education (LRE) programs become institutionalized and what factors influence institutionalization. Interviews were conducted in eight school districts in four states and narrative case studies…
Social Science Education Consortium, Inc., Boulder, CO.
Narrative visualization: telling stories with data.
Data visualization is regularly promoted for its ability to reveal stories within data, yet these "data stories" differ in important ways from traditional forms of storytelling. Storytellers, especially online journalists, have increasingly been integrating visualizations into their narratives, in some cases allowing the visualization to function in place of a written story. In this paper, we systematically review the design space of this emerging class of visualizations. Drawing on case studies from news media to visualization research, we identify distinct genres of narrative visualization. We characterize these design differences, together with interactivity and messaging, in terms of the balance between the narrative flow intended by the author (imposed by graphical elements and the interface) and story discovery on the part of the reader (often through interactive exploration). Our framework suggests design strategies for narrative visualization, including promising under-explored approaches to journalistic storytelling and educational media. PMID:20975152
Segel, Edward; Heer, Jeffrey
Story telling and schizophrenia: Using narrative structure in phenomenological research
This report demonstrates how narrative findings from phenomenological research can provide insights into the structures of lived experience that generalize beyond the individual cases. Building upon a narrative perspective, the author suggests that the phenomenological study of schizophrenic delusions can disclose the subjective lives of people struggling with this illness. Viewing delusions as stories that people with schizophrenia tell about
Larry Davidson
Narration as a human communication paradigm: The case of public moral argument
This essay proposes a theory of human communication based on a conception of persons as homo narrans. It compares and contrasts this view with the traditional rational perspective on symbolic interaction. The viability of the narrative paradigm and its attendant notions of reason and rationality are demonstrated through an extended analysis of key aspects of the current nuclear war controversy
Walter R. Fisher
Natura 2000 and the narrative nature of nature: a case for critical discourse analysis
The histories of particular places and of the elements that constitute and occupy them are interpreted through different narratives by different subjects. This translates into various, often conflicting, notions of "sustainability" that need to be adjudicated. Highlighting the importance of cultural heritage for the preservation of "natural" heritage, we argue that the mapping of the social, representational and discursive terrain
David Sumares; Teresa Fidélis
Beneath and beyond Truth: Studying Literary Narratives to Research Human Phenomena
The majority of social scientists continue to dismiss literary narratives as data that might lead to complex understandings of human phenomena. Introducing a method I call "novel inquiry", I argue that literary narratives merit inclusion as a source of data for educational inquiry. Utilizing literary narratives as a data source expands and…
Otto, Stacy
Holding harm: narrative methods in mental health research on refugee trauma.
In this article, we question narrative inquiry's predominant ethics of benefit when engaging in narrative research on trauma and social suffering. Through a particular focus on the use of a narrative methodology in a refugee health study, we explore the potential risk and protective function of narrative trauma research with vulnerable respondents. A review of ethical questions emerging during the course of a multiple-case study with refugee families documents how narrative methods' characteristics clearly revisit the impact of traumatization on autonomy, narrativity, and relationship building in participants and, thus, evoke the replay of traumatic experience within the research relationship itself. Blurring a straightforward ethics of benefit, this reactivation of trauma accounts for the research relationship's balancing movement between reiterating and transforming traumatic distress, and urges for the need to contain coexisting aspects of both harm and benefit in developing narrative research with traumatized participants. PMID:20663941
De Haene, Lucia; Grietens, Hans; Verschueren, Karine
The paper argues that the systematic review of qualitative research is best served by reliance upon qualitative methods themselves. A case is made for strengthening the narrative literature review and using narrative itself as a method of review. A technique is proposed that builds upon recent developments in qualitative systematic review by the…
Jones, Kip
Next of kin's experiences of sudden and unexpected death from stroke - a study of narratives
Background Death always evokes feelings in those close to the afflicted person. When death comes suddenly the time for preparation is minimal and the next of kin have to cope with the situation despite their own sorrow. The suddenness is found to be stressful for the next of kin and communication both with healthcare professionals and information about what has happened has been found helpful. The aim of this study was to illuminate the experiences of next of kin from the sudden and unexpected death of a relative from acute stroke. Methods Data was collected over a 12-month period in 2009–2010. Twelve next of kin of patients cared for in stroke units who died suddenly and unexpectedly from stroke were interviewed using a narrative method. The narratives were analyzed using narrative thematic analysis. Results Three themes emerged showing facets of next of kin's experiences of a relative's sudden and unexpected death from stroke: Divided feelings about the sudden and unexpected death; Perception of time and directed attention when keeping vigil; Contradictions and arbitrary memories when searching for understanding. Conclusions To have to live in the aftermath of severe stroke is absolute horror in people's imagination and death is seen as the lesser of two evils. The sudden and unexpected death totally pervades the next of kin's life, directs their attention to the dying person and even causes them to forget themselves and their own needs, and leads to difficulties in information intake. It is a challenge for the healthcare professionals to be able to identify the individual needs of the next of kin in this situation.
Elk Habitat: A Case Study of Scientific Inquiry
A case study is an excellent way to help students think like scientists as they work to solve a dilemma. This article describes a case study of elk in Yellowstone National Park. Students read short narratives, based on scientific research data, about the puzzling question of why some elk live substantially longer than others in certain areas of…
Graves, C. John
Residents learning from a narrative experience with dying patients: a qualitative study.
For patients at the end of life, it is crucial to address the psychological, existential, and spiritual distress of patients. Medical education research suggests trainees feel unprepared to provide the whole person, humanistic care held as the ideal. This study used an empirically based narrative intervention, the dignity interview, as an educational intervention with first year residents. The interview helps patients tell and make meaning of their life story. The intervention was aimed at addressing trainee perceived gaps in the non-physical aspects of end-of-life care. It was also intended to stimulate broader reflection on lessons learned in medical education about the value of narrative as part of humanistic care. Twelve first year residents administered a 1 h interview to dying patients. The resident returned to read the transcribed story back to the patient. Semi-structured interviews of the residents were transcribed and analyzed using the constant comparative method to identify emergent themes. This experience was seen as distinct from the 'traditional" medical interview. Residents reflected on lessons learned from patients and on their own professional and personal lives. Residents felt conversations with dying patients, and more broadly the art of soliciting a patient's story are poorly taught and modeled. More concerning, the hidden curriculum seems to be sending messages that learning a patient's story is not the domain of a physician and that it is not valued like the curing and technical imperatives. These findings have implications for medical education's ongoing attempts to better produce humanistic physicians. PMID:23053870
Tait, Glendon R; Hodges, Brian D
Cognitive Modules Utilized for Narrative Comprehension in Children: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
The ability to comprehend narratives constitutes an important component of human development and experience. The neural correlates of auditory narrative comprehension in children were investigated in a large-scale functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study involving 313 subjects ages 5–18. Using group Independent Component Analysis (ICA), bilateral task-related components were found comprising the primary auditory cortex, the mid-superior temporal gyrus, the hippocampus, the angular gyrus and medial aspect of the parietal lobule (precuneus/posterior cingulate). In addition, a right-lateralized component was found involving the most posterior aspect of the superior temporal gyrus, and a left-lateralized component was found comprising the inferior frontal gyrus (including Broca's area), the inferior parietal lobule, and the medial temporal gyrus. Using a novel data-driven analysis technique, increased task-related activity related to age was found in the components comprising the mid-superior temporal gyrus (Wernicke's area) and the posterior aspect of the superior temporal gyrus, while decreased activity related to age was found in the component comprising the angular gyrus. The results are discussed in light of recent hypotheses involving the functional segregation of Wernicke's area and the specific role of the mid-superior temporal gyrus in speech comprehension.
Schmithorst, Vincent J.; Holland, Scott K.; Plante, Elena
Is it possible to identify patient's sex when reading blinded illness narratives? An experimental study about gender bias
Background In many diseases men and women, for no apparent medical reason, are not offered the same investigations and treatment in health care. This may be due to staff's stereotypical preconceptions about men and women, i.e., gender bias. In the clinical situation it is difficult to know whether gender differences in management reflect physicians' gender bias or male and female patients' different needs or different ways of expressing their needs. To shed some light on these possibilities this study investigated to what extent it was possible to identify patients' sex when reading their blinded illness narratives, i.e., do male and female patients express themselves differently enough to be recognised as men and women without being categorised on beforehand? Methods Eighty-one authentic letters about being diseased by cancer were blinded regarding sex and read by 130 students of medicine and psychology. For each letter the participants were asked to give the author's sex and to explain their choice. The success rates were analysed statistically. To illuminate the participants' reasoning the explanations of four letters were analysed qualitatively. Results The patient's sex was correctly identified in 62% of the cases, with significantly higher rates in male narratives. There were no differences between male and female participants. In the qualitative analysis the choice of a male writer was explained by: a short letter; formal language; a focus on facts and a lack of emotions. In contrast the reasons for the choice of a woman were: a long letter; vivid language; mention of emotions and interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, the same expressions were interpreted differently depending on whether the participant believed the writer to be male or female. Conclusion It was possible to detect gender differences in the blinded illness narratives. The students' explanations for their choice of sex agreed with common gender stereotypes implying that such stereotypes correspond, at least on a group level, to differences in male and female patients' illness descriptions. However, it was also obvious that preconceptions about gender obstructed and biased the interpretations, a finding with implications for the understanding of gender bias in clinical practice.
Andersson, Jenny; Salander, Par; Brandstetter-Hiltunen, Marie; Knutsson, Emma; Hamberg, Katarina
Offenders' crime narratives as revealed by the Narrative Roles Questionnaire.
The study of narrative processes as part of the immediate factors that shape criminal action is limited by the lack of a methodology for differentiating the narrative themes that characterise specific crime events. The current study explores how the roles offenders see themselves as playing during an offence encapsulate their underlying crime narratives and thus provide the basis for a quantitative methodology. To test this possibility, a 33-item Narrative Roles Questionnaire (NRQ) was developed from intensive interviews with offenders about their experience of committing a recent offence. A multidimensional analysis of the NRQ completed by 71 convicted offenders revealed life narrative themes similar to those identified in fiction by Frye and with noncriminals by McAdams, labelled The Professional, Victim, Hero, and Revenger offence roles. The NRQ thus is a first step in opening up the possibility of empirical studies of the narrative aetiological perspective in criminology. PMID:22247223
Youngs, Donna; Canter, David V
Creating Narrative Leagues in Schools
The authors present a practical set of guidelines for school counselors interested in initiating and using narrative leagues after a small group experience ends. A case example demonstrates how a narrative league can help students to maintain new skills or behaviors.
Olson, Seth D.; Korcuska, James S.; Paez, Susan B.
A narrative review of secondary hazards in hospitals from cases of chemical self-poisoning and chemical exposure.
Secondary hazards are an important consideration when dealing with both self-poisoned and chemically contaminated patients. Secondary exposure of hospital staff following the admission of a poisoned patient is relatively rare but potentially serious. Risks usually arise from chemical conversion of a deliberately ingested toxic substance and subsequent offgassing, but there may be toxic substances on the victim or their clothing. Surface contamination is a more common concern in cases where patients have been exposed to chemical releases. This paper presents a narrative review that considers some of the more commonly encountered toxic chemicals and situations that may present secondary hazards in hospitals. Risks to staff can be lowered by reducing the potential for, and duration of, exposure wherever possible. Good communication with the first responders at the scene, consultation with experts, decontamination and use of personal protective equipment, together with regular training, can minimize risks in the hospital environment. PMID:23263649
Stewart-Evans, James L; Sharman, Andrew; Isaac, James
Long term effects of childhood trauma: A study of child survivors of the Holocaust using narrative coding analysis
This study focuses on trauma related to state sponsored genocide. Specifically it examines the long-term effects of trauma endured by child survivors of the Holocaust using a narrative coding analysis of transcribed interviews (N = 100) conducted by the International Study of Organized Persecution of Children (ISOPC) of Child Development Research (CDR). The relevant literature is reviewed, including qualitative and
Gila Sandler
Fitting the Methodology with the Research: An exploration of narrative, self-study and auto-ethnography
Sharpening our approaches to methodology in self-study research can strengthen our work and clarify questions that arise for readers unfamiliar with this research genre. Our article considers three methodologies – narrative, auto-ethnography and self-study – that privilege self in the research design, believing that addressing self can contribute to our understandings about teaching and teacher education. We address two questions:
Mary Lynn Hamilton; Laura Smith; Kristen Worthington
Fitting the Methodology with the Research: An Exploration of Narrative, Self-Study and Auto-Ethnography
Sharpening our approaches to methodology in self-study research can strengthen our work and clarify questions that arise for readers unfamiliar with this research genre. Our article considers three methodologies--narrative, auto-ethnography and self-study--that privilege self in the research design, believing that addressing self can contribute to…
Hamilton, Mary Lynn; Smith, Laura; Worthington, Kristen
Narrative Counseling in Schools: Powerful & Brief
Narrative counseling is based on the premise that stories, rather than hard-nosed realities, shape our lives. By changing the stories that negatively label and define students, they are helped to open up new avenues and opportunities. In this second edition of their best-selling book, the authors present even more case studies, guidance, and…
Winslade, John M.; Monk, Gerald D.
Neural correlates and network connectivity underlying narrative production and comprehension: A combined fMRI and PET study.
The neural correlates of narrative production and comprehension remain poorly understood. Here, using positron emission tomography (PET), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), contrast and functional network connectivity analyses we comprehensively characterize the neural mechanisms underlying these complex behaviors. Eighteen healthy subjects told and listened to fictional stories during scanning. In addition to traditional language areas (e.g., left inferior frontal and posterior middle temporal gyri), both narrative production and comprehension engaged regions associated with mentalizing and situation model construction (e.g., dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, precuneus and inferior parietal lobules) as well as neocortical premotor areas, such as the pre-supplementary motor area and left dorsal premotor cortex. Narrative comprehension alone showed marked bilaterality, activating right hemisphere homologs of perisylvian language areas. Narrative production remained predominantly left lateralized, uniquely activating executive and motor-related regions essential to language formulation and articulation. Connectivity analyses revealed strong associations between language areas and the superior and middle temporal gyri during both tasks. However, only during storytelling were these same language-related regions connected to cortical and subcortical motor regions. In contrast, during story comprehension alone, they were strongly linked to regions supporting mentalizing. Thus, when employed in a more complex, ecologically-valid context, language production and comprehension show both overlapping and idiosyncratic patterns of activation and functional connectivity. Importantly, in each case the language system is integrated with regions that support other cognitive and sensorimotor domains. PMID:24845161
AbdulSabur, Nuria Y; Xu, Yisheng; Liu, Siyuan; Chow, Ho Ming; Baxter, Miranda; Carson, Jessica; Braun, Allen R
Intentional Control and Operational Constraints in Prosodic Phrasing: A Study of Picture-Elicited Narrations by French Children
This study deals with the determinants of prosodic phrasing in French schoolchildren's narratives. Children (aged 7 to 11) told picture stories to a silent same-age peer. The establishment of temporal and/or causal relations between the events was more or less guided by the drawings (ordered vs. arbitrary sequences). The comprehension of the…
Vion, Monique; Colas, Annie
Aestheticism and Spiritualism: A Narrative Study of the Exploration of Self through the Practice of Chinese Calligraphy
The heritage of calligraphy reflects the culture and history of a race and a nation. It hence has very great educational value. This study aims to examine the cultural meaning of Chinese calligraphy in general and specifically the connection of its aesthetic to spirituality. The methodologies of narrative approach and textual analysis were…
Hue, Ming-Tak
A Narrative Study of How an Online Practitioner Used a Personal Action Research Journal as a Form of Professional Development
This narrative study will allow my reader a glimpse into real situations I have faced as an asynchronous online instructor in hopes to help me and my audience better understand how I, as a self-directed online practitioner, utilized action research recorded in a journal as a method to build capacity for continuous professional development to…
Walker-Floyd, La-Kicia K.
Narrative Pedagogies in Science, Mathematics and Technology
Despite years of research, there remains serious concern regarding the engagement of students in science, mathematics and technology education. In this paper, the authors explore how narrative pedagogies are used in science, mathematics and technology in order to make the subjects meaningful. The paper focuses specifically on the role and aesthetic nature of narrative as a pedagogical approach in these school subjects and between school sectors. Case study methodology was used to compare the findings of two independent studies investigating the role of narrative-based pedagogies in mathematics and science (first author) and technology (second author). Based on this comparison, this paper proposes two perspectives on narrative-based pedagogies that deal with the connection of students with the subject: inward-looking that situated the learner within the story generated around artefact creation, and outward-looking that situated the stories of the content into students' lifeworlds. The use of this comparative lens enabled a higher level of analysis that could not have been achieved by each research programme, generating a broader narrative that provided deeper insight into the teaching and learning experience.
Hobbs, Linda; Davis, Rob
Slave Narratives
NSDL National Science Digital Library
With a powerful narration by Dr. Maya Angelou, the opening frames of the Slave Narratives website pique even the most casual visitorsâ interest immediately. Created by the Museum of the African Diaspora (based in San Francisco), the site features an innovative interface that allows users to roll over a series of multicolored dots to learn about the first-hand perspectives of slaves such as Francis Bok, Mary Prince, Fountain Hughes, Harriet Jacobs, and Juan Francisco Manzano. As Dr. AngelouâÂÂs voice intones an introduction to each individualâÂÂs narrative, visitors can read a transcript of their story, or just listen along. Visitors who wish to learn more will want to consult the âÂÂResourcesâ area which includes bibliographic information for related works that tell of such experiences.
Case Studies
This study was designed to document the effect that wet abrasive blasting has on reducing worker exposure to crystalline silica, which has been associated with silicosis and premature death. In this study, worker exposure to respirable crystalline silica was monitored during wet abrasive blasting on the exterior walls of a parking garage to remove surface concrete and expose the underlying
Lawrence Mazzuckelli; Vijay Golla; William Heitbrink
Racial Microaggressions: The Narratives of African American Faculty at a Predominantly White University
What role does race play in the lives of fourteen African American (7 women, 7 men) faculty on a predominantly White campus? This case study focuses on their narratives which revealed that racial microaggressions were a common and negative facet of their lives on campus. Specifically, their narratives suggest interactions of microinvalidations…
Pittman, Chavella T.
Written Narratives.
Teachers actively engaged in responding to their students' written narratives should be mindful of the many influences on their students' writing, including the abuses of the language by government bureaucracies and the media. Examples of these abuses are (1) the lack of density and direction or purpose in bureaucratic writing, (2) the disjointed,…
Moss, Peter
Struggling with the fragility of life: a relational-narrative approach to ethics in palliative nursing.
In nursing ethics the role of narratives and dialogue has become more prominent in recent years. The purpose of this article is to illuminate a relational-narrative approach to ethics in the context of palliative nursing. The case study presented concerns a difficult relationship between oncology nurses and a husband whose wife was hospitalized with cancer. The husband's narrative is an expression of depression, social isolation and the loss of hope. He found no meaning in the process of dying and death. The oncology nurses were not able to recognize his emotional and existential problems. A narrative perspective inspired by relational ethics indicates that participants may develop a relational narrative that seeks good for all involved in a situation. In palliative nursing this entails open communication about the fragility of life and approaching death. In relational narratives, answers to these ethical dilemmas are co-authored, contingent and contextual. PMID:16045242
Abma, Tineke A
The recent history of the clinical case report: a narrative review
Clinical case reporting in the form of case reports and case series reports has always been an integral part of medical literature. From the late 1970s the genre appeared to fall from grace and was marginalized in many medical journals. There was controversy as to its value as a research method. From the late 1990s and onwards, there has been an increased demand for and publication of case reports and case series. The various causes for its decline and subsequent return are discussed with an emphasis on the recent historical context.
Nissen, Trygve; Wynn, Rolf
Artfulness in Young Children's Spoken Narratives
Research Findings: Artfulness is rarely considered as an indicator of quality in young children's spoken narratives. Although some studies have examined artfulness in the narratives of children 5 and older, no studies to date have focused on the artfulness of preschoolers' oral narratives. This study examined the artfulness of fictional spoken…
Glenn-Applegate, Katherine; Breit-Smith, Allison; Justice, Laura M.; Piasta, Shayne B.
Law, Science, and Narrative: Reflections on Brain Science, Electronic Media, Story, and Law Learning.
The pedagogical power of narrative has been much underestimated. Master cases using narrative or electronic narrative significantly enhance learning. The modern "bite"-oriented casebook does not make effective use of narrative materials or meet neurological needs. A useful approach might combine master cases, electronic narrative, high-quality…
Batt, John
Dragnet: A Case Study of the CLEAR System.
The opening narration of Dragnet, the long running TV series about two Los Angeles cops, could not be a more fitting way to open a case study on the Chicago Police Department's (CPD) Citizen and Law Enforcement Analysis Reporting System (CLEAR) and its dr...
G. Kyser M. Keegan S. Musa
Personal Narratives and Policy: Never the Twain?
In this article the extent to which stories and personal narratives can and should be used to inform education policy is examined. A range of studies describable as story or personal narrative is investigated. They include life-studies, life-writing, life history, narrative analysis, and the representation of lives. We use "auto/biography" as a…
Griffiths, Morwenna; Macleod, Gale
A Narrative Approach to Research
In this paper I present a narrative approach to environmental education research. This approach evolved through a dynamic interplay between research questions, theory, experience, conversation, and reflection. I situate the approach with respect to narrative inquiry and clarify the key conceptual metaphors underpinning my study, including "story,"…
Bell, Anne
Narrative Development in Aggressive Boys.
A study analyzed the oral narrative abilities in Caucasian males (ages 8-13) identified as aggressive. The boys were asked to construct an oral narrative based on a wordless picture book. Subjects provided fewer pieces of information to create the setting of the story for listeners than did controls. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)
Cole, Doris
EPA Science Inventory
Case study critique: Upper Clinch case study (from Research on Methods for Integrating Ecological Economics and Ecological Risk Assessment: A Trade-off Weighted Index Approach to Integrating Economics and Ecological Risk Assessment). This critique answers the questions: 1) does ...
Gender Differences in Adolescents' Autobiographical Narratives
In this study, we examined gender differences in narratives of positive and negative life experiences during middle adolescence, a critical period for the development of identity and a life narrative (Habermas & Bluck, 2000; McAdams, 2001). Examining a wider variety of narrative meaning making devices than previous research, we found that 13- to 16-year old racially and economically diverse females
Robyn Fivush; Jennifer G. Bohanek; Widaad Zaman; Sally Grapin
Gender Differences in Adolescents' Autobiographical Narratives
In this study, the authors examined gender differences in narratives of positive and negative life experiences during middle adolescence, a critical period for the development of identity and a life narrative (Habermas & Bluck, 2000; McAdams, 2001). Examining a wider variety of narrative meaning-making devices than previous research, they found…
Fivush, Robyn; Bohanek, Jennifer G.; Zaman, Widaad; Grapin, Sally
Literary geography: setting and narrative space
This paper explores some of the ways in which analytical strategies developed within narrative theory might be combined with recent developments in literary geography in the study of setting and narrative space. It suggests that despite narrative theory's urge toward categorization and its associated tendency to conceive of space as relatively stable and fixed, the technical vocabulary developed within the
Sheila Hones
Multidisciplinary treatment of intra-thoracic desmoid tumors: Case series and narrative review
Summary Background Primary intra-thoracic desmoids are exceedingly rare borderline tumors, with 34 reported cases in the English-language literature. The characteristic localized infiltrative growth and the high rate of recurrence can result in life-threatening conditions. Radical surgical resection is considered to be the primary treatment. Achieving negative surgical margins is a challenge. Cases with positive surgical margins are associated with a high rate of local recurrence; therefore, other multimodal approaches play a large role in their therapy. Case Reports The authors reviewed the relevant literature and presented examples of long-term follow-up of 3 intra-thoracic desmoid tumour patients, multidisciplinarily treated between 2000 and 2008. All reports of intra-thoracic desmoid tumors that the authors could find on PubMed or in the reference sections of these PubMed located articles were included using the search terms: intra-thoracic, desmoid, aggressive fibromatoses. Conclusions Because of the rarity of the disease and the heterogeneity of the cases, it is difficult to assess the importance of the information for everyday clinical practice. It does however provide a useful guide for reference.
Matrai, Zoltan; Toth, Laszlo; Szentirmay, Zoltan; Papp, Janos; Langmar, Zoltan; Kasler, Miklos
A pilot study of adaptation of the transtheoretical model to narratives of bereaved family members in the bereavement life review.
This study aimed to examine the possibility of adaptation of the transtheoretical model (TTM) to narratives from the Bereavement Life Review. Narratives from 19 bereaved family members were recorded, transcribed into sentences, and allocated into stages based on the TTM criteria. Those who lived in fantasy were allocated to the precontemplation stage and who recognized the patient's death but could not adjust to the death were allocated to the contemplation stage. Those who understood the need for changes and had new plans were allocated to the preparation stage, and those who were coping were allocated to the action stage, and those who had confidence to remember the loved one who died were allocated to the maintenance stage. These results provide deeper understanding of a bereaved family member and suggest that a different intervention method may be useful in each stage. PMID:23689366
Ando, Michiyo; Tsuda, Akira; Morita, Tatsuya; Miyashita, Mitsunori; Sanjo, Makiko; Shima, Yasuo
Being a Student Again: A Narrative Study of a Teacher's Experience
For some time there has been a focus in higher education research towards understanding the student experience of learning. This article presents a narrative analysis of the experience of a teacher who re-entered the learning world of undergraduate students by enrolling in a challenging chemical engineering course. The analysis identifies multiple…
Case, Jennifer M.; Marshall, Delia; Linder, Cedric J.
Learning Morality in Peer Conflict: A Study of Schoolchildren's Narratives about Being Betrayed by a Friend
This article discusses the narratives of Dutch schoolchildren from varied cultural-ethnic backgrounds discussing experiences of being betrayed by a friend, and the lessons they learned from the experience. In line with earlier social constructivist research in western societies, the authors found that peers and friends acted as highly emotional…
Singer, Elly; Doornenbal, Jeannette
Child's Play: Therapist's Narrative
Play has been recognized as an essential component to children's healthy development. Schools of play therapy differ philosophically and technically, but they all embrace the therapeutic and developmental properties of play. This case report is an illustration of how a 6-year-old child with emotional disorder was facilitated to express concerns in child-centered play therapy. The paper discusses the therapist's narration of the child's play.
Reddy, Rajakumari P.; Hirisave, Uma
YouTube: an opportunity for consumer narrative analysis?
Purpose – The aim of the paper is to discuss a possible extension of narrative analysis to a new medium of expression of consumer behaviour, specifically YouTube. Design\\/methodology\\/approach – Marketing and consumer behaviour studies often apply narrative analysis to understand consumption. The consumer is a source of introspective narratives that are studied by scholars. However, consumption has a narrative nature
Stefano Pace
Gender equity and equality on Korean student scientists: A life history narrative study
Much research, including that by Koreans (e.g., Mo, 1999), agrees on two major points relating to the inequitable and unequal condition of women in the scientific community: (1) the fact that the under-representation of women in the scientific community has been taken for granted for years (e.g., Rathgeber, 1998), and (2) documenting women's lives has been largely excluded in women's studies (e.g., Sutton, 1998). The basis for the design of this study relates to the aforementioned observations. This study addresses two major research questions: how do social stereotypes exist in terms of gender equity and equality in the South Korean scientific and educational fields, and how do these stereotypes influence women and men's socializations, in terms of gender equity and equality, in the South Korean scientific and educational fields? To investigate the research questions, this qualitative study utilizes a life history narrative approach in examining various theoretical perspectives, such as critical theory, post-structuralism, and postmodernism. Through the participants' perceptions and experiences in the scientific community and in South Korean society, this study fords gendered stereotypes, practices, and socializations in school, family, and the scientific community. These findings demonstrate asymmetric gendered structures in South Korea. Moreover, with the comparison among male and female participants, this study shows how they perceive and experience differently in school, family, and the scientific community. This study attempts to understand the South Korean scientific community as represented by four student scientists through social structures. Education appears to function significantly as an hegemonic power in conveying legitimating ideologies. This process reproduces man-centered social structures, especially in the scientific community. This suggests that to emancipate women's under-representations in the scientific community, educational administrators and teachers should carefully consider gendered practices, stereotypes, and socialization in science classes. There have been significant findings of educative authenticity criteria (Guba & Lincoln, 1989) that stimulate the needs of future studies on gender, especially women in the scientific community in general and, more specifically, in South Korea. These findings suggest the importance of active involvement by women participants to enhance a more detailed examination, by women's studies, of the scientific community.
Hur, Changsoo
Language policy and literacy practices in the family: the case of Ethiopian parental narrative input
The present study analyses the Family Language Policy (FLP) in regards language literacy development of children in Ethiopian immigrant families. Bridging the gap between linguistic literacy at home and at school hinders a smooth societal integration and a normative literacy development. This study describes the home literacy patterns shaped by internal and external forces in parent–child interaction among 60 Ethiopian
Anat Stavans
Queer blindfolding: a case study on difference "blindness" toward persons who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender.
The purpose of this article is to introduce and explore the narrative strategy of queer blindfolding. Utilizing psycho-discursive qualitative methodology, the authors will draw from a case study to demonstrate how some beneficent, well-intended persons who identify as heterosexual adopt the narrative strategy of queer blindfolding as they negotiate the discourse of heteronormativity. We will map this narrative strategy, compare and contrast it to racial colorblindness, and unpack the accompanying intra-psychic conflict and defense mechanisms that are utilized by the participant in the case study. We will also demonstrate how this discursive strategy positions participants within systemic heterosexism. PMID:24325178
Smith, Lance C; Shin, Richard Q
Reframing Narrative Cases for Ill-Structured Contexts: The Design with Learners in Mind
This study reviews theories supporting the construction of student knowledge and found they rely upon theoretical operations with few pragmatic applications. A new paradigm of learning needs to emerge which focuses on how students actually construct their own knowledge, based on reconstructing current/past knowledge or experience, and their…
Chen, Ching-Huei
Case Study Teaching
This chapter describes the history of case study teaching, types of cases, and experimental data supporting their effectiveness. It also describes a model for comparing the efficacy of the various case study methods. (Contains 1 figure.)
Herreid, Clyde Freeman
Referential cohesion in the narratives of Spanish-speaking children: a developmental study.
Forty-six Spanish-speaking children, ages 4, 6, and 8 years, were shown a short silent film and asked to tell the investigator what happened in the movie. All narratives were audiotaped and transcribed for analysis. The development of referential cohesion was examined based on the referential devices the children used to indicate characters, props, and places in their narratives and on their overall referential accuracy. The results demonstrated an increase in the use of elliptical reference to refer to places in stories, an increase in appropriate phrases, and a decrease in ambiguities and additions as children got older. Language-specific factors in the use of reference and individual differences in the achievement of referential cohesion are discussed. PMID:8331913
Gutierrez-Clellen, V F; Heinrichs-Ramos, L
"What Were You Thinking?": The Use of Metacognitive Strategy during Engagement with Reading Narrative and Informational Genres
This qualitative case study illustrates and compares the metacognitive strategies that a grade-3 female student used while reading narrative and informational texts. Data were collected from interviews, observations, and videotaping of the participant's narrative and informational text oral reading sessions and examined using thematic analysis.…
McTavish, Marianne
Exceptional patients: Narratives of connections.
Objective: This study sought to better understand the patient s perspective of the experience of recovery from cancer that appeared to defy medical prognoses. Methods: Fourteen cases of medically verified exceptional outcomes were identified. A qualitative approach, employing long narrative interviews was used. Data was analyzed using a cross case thematic analytic approach. Results: The major overarching theme was connections, both internal and external. Internal included connections with God or a higher power and with oneself. The external connections, the focus of this paper, included 1) personal connections with friends and family, 2) connections with the medical system: the physician, nurses and other staff, and 3) connections with other patients. They described the nature of these relationships and the importance of frequent contact with family and friends as providing significant emotional and instrumental support. They expressed confidence in receiving care from a reputable clinic, and with very little probing illustrated the importance of the relationship with their providers. They articulated the significance of the compassionate qualities of the physician and identified communication attributes of their physician that were important in establishing this connection. These attributes were demeanor, availability, honesty, sensitivity in the decision making process. They provided examples of positive connections with nurses and other staff as well as with other patients through their illness process. Significance of results: The importance of connections in these illness narratives was richly illustrated. These issues often are overlooked in clinical settings; yet they are of crucial importance to the health and well-being of the patients. PMID:23827080
Engebretson, Joan C; Peterson, Noemi E; Frenkel, Moshe
Extracting medical information from narrative patient records: the case of medication-related information
Objective While essential for patient care, information related to medication is often written as free text in clinical records and, therefore, difficult to use in computerized systems. This paper describes an approach to automatically extract medication information from clinical records, which was developed to participate in the i2b2 2009 challenge, as well as different strategies to improve the extraction. Design Our approach relies on a semantic lexicon and extraction rules as a two-phase strategy: first, drug names are recognized and, then, the context of these names is explored to extract drug-related information (mode, dosage, etc) according to rules capturing the document structure and the syntax of each kind of information. Different configurations are tested to improve this baseline system along several dimensions, particularly drug name recognition—this step being a determining factor to extract drug-related information. Changes were tested at the level of the lexicons and of the extraction rules. Results The initial system participating in i2b2 achieved good results (global F-measure of 77%). Further testing of different configurations substantially improved the system (global F-measure of 81%), performing well for all types of information (eg, 84% for drug names and 88% for modes), except for durations and reasons, which remain problematic. Conclusion This study demonstrates that a simple rule-based system can achieve good performance on the medication extraction task. We also showed that controlled modifications (lexicon filtering and rule refinement) were the improvements that best raised the performance.
Grouin, Cyril; Zweigenbaum, Pierre
Values and Voices in Teaching Gerontology and Geriatrics: Case Studies as Stories.
Reviews the important pedagogical, clinical, and ethical issues involved in the design and use of case studies in the study of aging. Reviews literature in narrative and clinical ethics on case studies as stories, including consideration of facts and values, debate on generalization versus specificity, and the need for interpreters. Considers the…
Clark, Phillip G.
Slave Narratives as Polemic.
Although slave narratives have enjoyed critical attention as literature and autobiography, when presenting them to undergraduates, there is some confusion--usually centering on the dissimilarities between the narratives and traditional autobiography. The narratives are not as linear, not as focused on personal development; the narrators are not as…
Heglar, Charles J.
Barriers and facilitators for integrating digital narratives in secondary school science instruction: A media specialist's action research study
Media specialists are increasingly assuming professional development roles as they collaborate with teachers to design instruction that combines content with technology. I am a media specialist in an independent school, and collaborated with two science teachers over a three-year period to integrate technology with their instruction. This action study explored integration of a digital narrative project in three eighth-grade earth science units and one ninth-grade physics unit with each unit serving as a cycle of research. Students produced short digital documentaries that combined still images with an accompanying narration. Students participating in the project wrote scripts based on selected science topics. The completed scripts served as the basis for the narratives. These projects were compared with a more traditional science writing project. Barriers and facilitators for implementation of this type of media project in a science classroom were identified. Lack of adequate access to computers proved to be a significant mechanical barrier. Acquisition of a laptop cart reduced but did not eliminate the technology access issues. The complexity of the project increased implementation time in comparison with traditional alternatives. Evaluation of the completed media projects presented problems. Scores by outside evaluators reflected evaluator unfamiliarity with assessing multimedia projects rather than student performance. Despite several revisions of the assessment rubric, low inter-rater reliability remained a concern even in the last cycle. This suggests that evaluation of media could present issues for teachers who attempt projects of this kind. A writing frame was developed to facilitate production of scripts. This reduced the time required to produce the scripts, but produced writing that was formulaic in the teacher's estimate. A graphic organizer was adopted in the final cycle to address this concern. New insights emerged as the study progressed through the four cycles of the study. At the conclusion of the study, the two teachers and I had a better understanding of barriers that can prevent smooth integration of a technology-based project.
Midland, Susan
Case Study: Shark Attack
This is a case study for undergraduate students in anatomy or anatomy lab. In particular this case study explores the anatomy of the upper extremity. Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
Herbert House (Elon University Biology)
Case Study: Uretero What?
This is a case study for high school, undergraduate and/or professional students in physiology and anatomy. In particular this case study explores reproductive biology. Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
Laura Lorentzen (Kean University Science and Technology Education)
Case Study: Ellen's Choice
This is a case study for undergraduate students in anatomy and physiology. In particular this case study explores spinal anatomy, aging of bone, and explores the basic physiology of inflammation. Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
Elizabeth Harper (New York University Steinhardt School of Education Department of Health Studies)
Sex trade workers' narratives of sexual violence: a field investigation.
A total of 119 sex trade workers were interviewed about sexually violent experiences. Up to three narratives were elicited: a remarkable, positive (control) event (POS), a well-remembered sexual assault (WELL), and a poorly recalled sexual assault (POOR). The results demonstrated that WELL narratives contained more details than POS narratives despite the fact that the respective experiences were older. WELL narratives were also associated with higher intoxication and more rehearsal than POS narratives. POOR narratives were as detailed as POS narratives. WELL narratives were associated with more PTSD symptoms than POOR narratives. No weapon focus effect and no differences in peritraumatic dissociation were observed to explain this difference. This study was the first to demonstrate great within-participants variability of narrative details in accounts of sexual violence. The findings challenge common opinions in the eyewitness literature. Implications for expert testimony and credibility assessment are discussed. PMID:22356561
Griesel, Dorothee; Yuille, John C
The long-term impact of early parental death: lessons from a narrative study
Objective To explore the individual experiences of those who had experienced the death of a parent(s) before the age of 18, and investigate how such experiences were perceived to impact on adult life. Design An exploratory qualitative design using written (n = 5) and oral (n = 28) narratives and narrative analysis was adopted to explore the experiences 33 adults (7 men and 26 women) who had experienced parental death during childhood. Setting UK Participants Individuals living in the North West of England who had lost a parent(s) before the age of 18. Main outcome measures Views of adults bereaved of a parent before the age of 18 of impact of parental loss in adult life. Results While individual experiences of bereavement in childhood were unique and context bound, the narratives were organized around three common themes: disruptions and continuity, the role of social networks and affiliations and communication and the extent to which these dynamics mediated the bereavement experience and the subsequent impact on adult life. Specifically they illustrate how discontinuity (or continuity that does not meet the child's needs), a lack of appropriate social support for both the child and surviving parent and a failure to provide clear and honest information at appropriate time points relevant to the child's level of understanding was perceived to have a negative impact in adulthood with regards to trust, relationships, self-esteem, feeling of self-worth loneliness and isolation and the ability to express feelings. A model is suggested for identifying and supporting those that may be more vulnerable to less favourable outcomes in adult life. Conclusions The findings suggest that if the negative consequences are to be minimized it is crucial that guidelines for 'best practice' that recognize the complex nature of the bereavement experience are followed.
Ellis, Jackie; Dowrick, Chris; Lloyd-Williams, Mari
Narrative Development in Improvisational Theatre
We have investigated the experience of improvisers as they perform to better understand how narrative is constructed by group performance in improvisational theatre. Our study was conducted with improvisers who would perform improv "games" with each iteration video recorded. Each individual participant was shown the video in a retrospective protocol collection, before reviewing it again in a group interview. This process is meant to elicit information about how the cognition involved develops narrative during an improvisation performance. This paper presents our initial findings related to narrative development in improvisational theatre with an ambition to use these and future analyses in creating improvisational intelligent agents. These findings have demonstrated that the construction of narrative is crafted through the making and accepting of scene-advancing offers, which expert improvisers are more readily capable of performing.
Baumer, Allan; Magerko, Brian
In Patience and Hope: A 20-Year Narrative Study of a Family, School, and Community Partnership
This case study describes a 20-year journey of educational transformation from 1985 to 2005 in a bellwether, or highly developed, instance of one school, family, and community partnership--the Kileely Community Project--situated in a large social housing project in Limerick City in the Midwestern region of the Republic of Ireland. The study is a…
Higgins, Ann; Deegan, James G.
Qualitative Case Study Guidelines.
This report presents guidelines for conducting qualitative case studies. Yin's case study process is elaborated on and additional principles from the wider literature are integrated and explained. It is expected that following the guidelines presented in ...
S. Baskarada
Case Study: Football Fanaticism
This is a case study for undergraduate and professional degree students in anatomy, physiology and/or pharmaceutical sciences. In particular this case study explores the anatomy of the central nervous system, major motor and sensory tracts. Integrative physiology courses may use this case to incorporate the immune, nervous and cardiovascular systems. Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
PhD Dayton J Ford (St. Louis College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences)
Narratives of Menstrual Product Consumption: Convenience, Culture, or Commoditization?
The environmental and social costs of consumer societies have increasingly been recognized. Achieving sustainable household consumption requires an understanding of the underlying roots of current consumption levels. Using the case study of menstrual care practices, different theoretical frameworks--or narratives--for understanding household…
Davidson, Anna
The 1925 Fort Union Indian Congress: Divergent Narratives, One Event
This essay investigates how various perspectives differ and converge in the span of an afternoon, thus illustrating how divergent narratives, through their very difference, enhance one's understanding of the past. The case study of the 1925 Fort Union Indian Congress points to the process of narrativizing experience and underscores how meaning is…
Blee, Lisa
Creating a Framework: Art Therapy Elicits the Narrative
A case study illustrates how art therapy was used to elicit the narrative of an adolescent male student in transition from incarceration to a transfer school setting. Childhood trauma was addressed in individual sessions and within a literacy group co-led by a reading specialist. The art therapist responded to the client's needs by broadening the…
Harber, Karen
Case Study Research
Case study research aims to explore and depict a setting with a view to advancing understanding. This note explores the dimensions of case study research in higher education, with special reference to geographical fieldwork. It explores Stake's three categories of case study research: intrinsic, instrumental and collective. It provides guidelines…
Cousin, Glynis
Genre and evaluation in narrative development.
In this study I examine Venezuelan children's developing abilities to use evaluative language in fictional and personal narratives. The questions addressed are: (1) How does the use of evaluative language vary in fictional and personal narratives? (2) Is there a relationship between the use of evaluative language in these two narrative genres and children's age and socio-economic status (SES)? The sample consists of 444 narratives produced by 113 Venezuelan school-age children participating in 4 narrative tasks, in which personal and fictional stories were elicited. Findings suggest that age and socio-economic status have a greater impact on the use of evaluation in fictional stories than in personal narratives. Low SES and younger children are at a greater disadvantage when performing fictional narratives than when performing personal narratives. These results strongly imply that children's narrative competence cannot be assessed in a single story-telling task, given the importance that task-related factors seem to have on narrative abilities. PMID:12718297
Shiro, Martha
Younger Stroke Survivors' Experiences of Family Life in a Long-Term Perspective: A Narrative Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study
The psychosocial consequences following a stroke are known to be challenging, influencing the stroke survivors' ability to participate in and carry out the taken-for-granted roles and activities in family life. This study explored how living with the consequences of stroke impacted on family life in the late recovery phase, that is, six months or more after stroke onset. Twenty-two stroke survivors aged 20–61 years were interviewed in-depth six months to nine years after stroke onset. The interviews were analyzed applying a narrative, hermeneutic phenomenological approach. The findings revealed challenges that varied with time, from an initial struggle to suffice in and balance the relationships and roles within the family early after the stroke, towards a more resigned attitude later on in the stroke trajectory. The struggles are summarized in two main themes: "struggling to reenter the family" and "screaming for acceptance." Nonestablished people living with stroke and stroke survivors in parental roles seem to be particularly vulnerable. Being provided with opportunities to narrate their experiences to interested and qualified persons outside the home context might be helpful to prevent psychosocial problems.
Martinsen, Randi; Kirkevold, Marit; Sveen, Unni
A study of the impact of a supplemental storytelling (oral narrative) strategy on fourth-grade students' understanding of the physics of sound
In this study the effect of story-telling (oral-narrative) strategies on student understanding of ideas about the physics of sound was investigated. A midwestern 4th grade sample of convenience was selected for this study. An experienced elementary science teacher with a special interest and talent for the oral tradition of storytelling taught a commercially available sound unit to two separate groups of students. In one group (the treatment, n = 27), he complemented the hands-on activities prescribed for the unit with special oral narrative activities; in the second group (the comparison, n = 27), he used only the prescribed hands-on activities. The treatment was designed to determine the extent to which students change in science understanding through narrative practice, and to determine the extent to which students can incorporate increasingly complex science content into narratives. Students in both groups wrote individual directed journals containing explanations of the science ideas encountered in the lessons. The only difference was that the treatment group had an opportunity to incorporate the unit science concepts with the narrative during the morning literacy program. An analysis of student responses to an open-ended question focusing on the big ideas of the sound unit prior to the start of the unit showed that the treatment and comparison groups were equivalent in their understanding of the big ideas. Four oral narratives were told, one pre-unit oral narrative and one oral narrative following each of the three science lessons. Special rubrics were developed to generate quantitative data on the students' pre- unit and post-unit assessing, journal writing, story boarding, concept listing, concept mapping, and story telling performance. A t-test analysis of a post-unit test of student understanding showed students in the treatment group outperformed students in the comparison group (p < 0.001). ANOVA data on the four narratives written by the seven cooperative, groups in the treatment group showed that the stories grew in complexity throughout the unit (p < 0.001). A regression analysis on the story telling activity scores on the final story scores showed that performance on the story telling activities predicted final story complexity.
Ollerenshaw, Jo Anne
A Narrative Study of Thirty Years of Entrance Exam Reform in Shanghai
This article reviews the reform trends and policies on the College Entrance Examination (CEE) in Shanghai, one of China's most developed cities. The author divides the CEE reforms in Shanghai into three historical stages: 1977 to 1992, 1992 to 1999, and 2000 to present. Employing the method of case studies, the author analyzes the rationales and…
Li, Lifeng
Narratives and Understanding Other People
Presenting a story of an ill person, in comparison to a description of illness, as well as activating a narrative approach toward this person increased the probability in subjects of helping behaviour?in this case the promise of donations of bone marrow for leukaemia patients or willingness to spend time on soliciting money for other people's…
Trzebiski, Jerzy
Linguistic correlates of self in deceptive oral autobiographical narratives.
The current study collected orally-delivered autobiographical narratives from a sample of 44 undergraduate students. Participants were asked to produce both deceptive and non-deceptive versions of their narrative to two specific autobiographical question prompts while standing in front of a video camera. Narratives were then analyzed with Coh-Metrix software on 33 indices of linguistic cohesion. Following a Bonferroni correction for the large number of linguistic variables (p<.002), results indicated that the deceptive narratives contained more explicit action verbs, less linguistic complexity, and less referential coherence (sentences being cohesive with each other). The results support a theory that, in deceptive narratives, there is greater narrative distance between the self that narrates and the self that is narrated about. This suggests that narrative selves are constituted not as autonomous selves, but are subject to processes (e.g., psychological, linguistic, social) that are likely operating on a subconscious level. PMID:21030273
Bedwell, J S; Gallagher, S; Whitten, S N; Fiore, S M
Co-Speech Gesture Production in an Animation-Narration Task by Bilinguals: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study
To examine the neural mechanism of co-speech gesture production, we measured brain activity of bilinguals during an animation-narration task using near-infrared spectroscopy. The task of the participants was to watch two stories via an animated cartoon, and then narrate the contents in their first language (Ll) and second language (L2),…
Oi, Misato; Saito, Hirofumi; Li, Zongfeng; Zhao, Wenjun
A narrative study of the experiences of student nurses who have participated in the Hearing Voices that are Distressing simulation.
The aim of this study was to provide nursing students with an experiential learning opportunity which simulated living with the challenge of voice hearing. The purpose was to access understanding and insights of nursing students who completed "Hearing Voices that are Distressing: A Training Experience and Simulation for Students" (Deegan, 1996). Using a narrative research design and a convenience sample of 27 nursing students, participants were asked to respond in written format to three open ended prompts immediately following their participation in the simulation. Data generated was subjected to a thematic content analysis using a manual cut and paste approach to inductively find meanings and insights elicited from the respondents' actual words. Affirmed in this study was the use of this teaching tool to assist the students in their understanding of the challenges posed by voice hearing. PMID:19572835
Hamilton Wilson, Jane E; Azzopardi, Wendy; Sager, Shelley; Gould, Brian; Conroy, Sherrill; Deegan, Patricia; Archie, Suzanne
Deconstruction as Narrative Interruption
Because of the way it prioritizes "interruption" and calls into question the very possibility of producing coherent, self-contained narratives, the deconstructive work of Jacques Derrida is often thought to be intrinsically anti-narrative in its very structure; and yet there are those who insist that, to the contrary, deconstruction is a narrative…
Gilbert-Walsh, James
Performing Narrative Medicine
In this article, the author weaves narrative medicine and performance together to consider what might it mean to call narrative medicine a performance. To name narrative medicine as performance is to recognize the texts and bodies, the stories and selves, that participate in its practice--patients' and physicians' embodied stories as well as the…
Langellier, Kristin M.
Intercultural Sojourns as Educational Experiences: A Narrative Study of the Outcomes of Finnish Student Teachers' Language-Practice Periods in Britain
In today's globalized world, an increasing number of university students go abroad to work or study, and foreign language (FL) students are either obliged to or voluntarily choose to spend some time in countries where the target language is spoken. This narrative study focuses on what FL students think they learn during residence abroad, and how…
Larzen-Ostermark, Eva
The Effect of Patient Narratives on Information Search in a Web-Based Breast Cancer Decision Aid: An Eye-Tracking Study
Background Previous research has examined the impact of patient narratives on treatment choices, but to our knowledge, no study has examined the effect of narratives on information search. Further, no research has considered the relative impact of their format (text vs video) on health care decisions in a single study. Objective Our goal was to examine the impact of video and text-based narratives on information search in a Web-based patient decision aid for early stage breast cancer. Methods Fifty-six women were asked to imagine that they had been diagnosed with early stage breast cancer and needed to choose between two surgical treatments (lumpectomy with radiation or mastectomy). Participants were randomly assigned to view one of four versions of a Web decision aid. Two versions of the decision aid included videos of interviews with patients and physicians or videos of interviews with physicians only. To distinguish between the effect of narratives and the effect of videos, we created two text versions of the Web decision aid by replacing the patient and physician interviews with text transcripts of the videos. Participants could freely browse the Web decision aid until they developed a treatment preference. We recorded participants' eye movements using the Tobii 1750 eye-tracking system equipped with Tobii Studio software. A priori, we defined 24 areas of interest (AOIs) in the Web decision aid. These AOIs were either separate pages of the Web decision aid or sections within a single page covering different content. Results We used multilevel modeling to examine the effect of narrative presence, narrative format, and their interaction on information search. There was a significant main effect of condition, P=.02; participants viewing decision aids with patient narratives spent more time searching for information than participants viewing the decision aids without narratives. The main effect of format was not significant, P=.10. However, there was a significant condition by format interaction on fixation duration, P<.001. When comparing the two video decision aids, participants viewing the narrative version spent more time searching for information than participants viewing the control version of the decision aid. In contrast, participants viewing the narrative version of the text decision aid spent less time searching for information than participants viewing the control version of the text decision aid. Further, narratives appear to have a global effect on information search; these effects were not limited to specific sections of the decision aid that contained topics discussed in the patient stories. Conclusions The observed increase in fixation duration with video patient testimonials is consistent with the idea that the vividness of the video content could cause greater elaboration of the message, thereby encouraging greater information search. Conversely, because reading requires more effortful processing than watching, reading patient narratives may have decreased participant motivation to engage in more reading in the remaining sections of the Web decision aid. These findings suggest that the format of patient stories may be equally as important as their content in determining their effect on decision making. More research is needed to understand why differences in format result in fundamental differences in information search.
Owens, Justin; Zikmund-Fisher, Brian J
Reliability studies of incident coding systems in high hazard industries: A narrative review of study methodology.
This paper reviews the current literature on incident coding system reliability and discusses the methods applied in the conduct and measurement of reliability. The search strategy targeted three electronic databases using a list of search terms and the results were examined for relevance, including any additional relevant articles from the bibliographies. Twenty five papers met the relevance criteria and their methods are discussed. Disagreements in the selection of methods between reliability researchers are highlighted as are the effects of method selection on the outcome of the trials. The review provides evidence that the meaningfulness of and confidence in results is directly affected by the methodologies employed by the researcher during the preparation, conduct and analysis of the reliability study. Furthermore, the review highlights the heterogeneity of methodologies employed by researchers measuring reliability of incident coding techniques, reducing the ability to critically compare and appraise techniques being considered for the adoption of report coding and trend analysis by client organisations. It is recommended that future research focuses on the standardisation of reliability research and measurement within the incident coding domain. PMID:22867800
Olsen, Nikki S
Materials Failure Case Studies
This website offers innovative course materials for teaching engineering design and analysis through failure case studies, supporting the integration of research in forensic engineering into undergraduate education. The site includes an introduction to the overall project and a bibliography as well as typical civil engineering and engineering mechanics courses, with over 50 case studies currently listed. This web site is a companion to the book Beyond Failure: Forensic Case Studies for Civil Engineers, Delatte, Norbert J., ASCE Press. The site is a living document that will supplement the book with web links, additional information, and supplemental illustrations. At this time, not all of the cases have been filled in yet.
Delatte, Norbert J., Jr.
PSU Case Studies
How does one teach ethics? It can be a difficult subject and different fields (medicine, law, and so on) all have different ethical considerations and issues. This fine collection of engineering case studies from the Pennsylvania State University College of Engineering brings together resources from a variety of universities that have worked to address this matter. The cases are divided into separate areas that include Developing and Using Case Studies, General Science Cases, and Research Integrity Cases. Visitors shouldn't miss the bulk of the material covered in the General Engineering Cases area, which includes high-quality and contemplative materials on engineering practice ethics from SUNY-Buffalo and the National Science Foundation. The site is rounded out by a number of helpful cases developed in-house by Penn State engineering students.
Classroom-Based Phonological Sensitivity Intervention (PSI) Using a Narrative Platform: An Experimental Study of First Graders at Risk for a Reading Disability
The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of classroom-based phonological sensitivity intervention (PSI) using a narrative platform for children in first grade who are at risk for a reading disability. Participants consisted of 59 first graders identified as at risk for later reading impairments. At-risk designation was dictated by…
Ritter, Michaela J.; Saxon, Terrill F.
Equity and Difference in Physical Education, Youth Sport and Health: A Narrative Approach. Routledge Studies in Physical Education and Youth Sport
Issues of equity remain an essential theme throughout the study and practice of physical education (PE), youth sport and health. This important new book confronts and illuminates issues of equity and difference through the innovative use of narrative method, telling stories of difference that enable students, academics and professionals alike to…
Dowling, Fiona, Ed.; Fitzgerald, Hayley, Ed.; Flintoff, Anne, Ed.
A Study of the Effectiveness of a Small-Group Intervention on the Vocabulary and Narrative Development of At-Risk Kindergarten Children
This study investigated the effect of a small-group storybook-based intervention on kindergarten students' vocabulary and narrative development, which is important to later reading achievement. Twenty-eight kindergarten children from a high-poverty urban school, all significantly behind their peers on standardized measures of language development…
Nielsen, Diane Corcoran; Friesen, Lisa Dinner
Oral Language and Narrative Skills in Children with Specific Language Impairment with and without Literacy Delay: A Three-Year Longitudinal Study
This longitudinal study compared the development of oral language and more specifically narrative skills (storytelling and story retelling) in children with specific language impairment (SLI) with and without literacy delay. Therefore, 18 children with SLI and 18 matched controls with normal literacy were followed from the last year of…
Vandewalle, Ellen; Boets, Bart; Boons, Tinne; Ghesquiere, Pol; Zink, Inge
The Monitoring Case Studies
The book so far has focused on the problems associated with habitat monitoring and ways of overcoming them: the remainder of the book primarily comprises case studies that demonstrate the practical application of monitoring. The case study sites are distributed in five countries: England, Finland, Germany, Sweden and Wales, though most originate from Wales (Fig.16-1) and Sweden. In selecting the
Clive Hurford; Michael Schneider
SETDA Case Studies 2012
The State Educational Technology Directors Association (SETDA) published a series of case studies from 28 states to showcase examples of how ARRA EETT ("American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 Enhancing Education Through Technology") grant funds have impacted teaching and learning. SETDA collected data for the case studies through a variety…
State Educational Technology Directors Association, 2012
Case Study: Case of the Crying Baby
This is a case study for undergraduate, graduate and professional students in anatomy and physiology. In particular this case study explores the renal anatomy and physiology. Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
Kari Mergenhagen (James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center Infectious Disease)
Narrative Speech in Aging: Quantity, Information Content, and Cohesion
This study examined age-related changes in narrative speech of 79 adults aged 40-91 who told stories from their pictorial representations. Quantity, information content and cohesion of narratives were analysed using a detailed transcription and codification system. We carried out a LISREL analysis to study relationships between narrative…
Juncos-Rabadan, Onesimo; Pereiro, Arturo X.; Rodriguez, Maria Soledad
Narrative Language in Traumatic Brain Injury
Persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often show impaired linguistic and/or narrative abilities. The present study aimed to document the features of narrative discourse impairment in a group of adults with TBI. 14 severe TBI non-aphasic speakers (GCS less than 8) in the phase of neurological stability and 14 neurologically intact participants…
Marini, Andrea; Galetto, Valentina; Zampieri, Elisa; Vorano, Lorenza; Zettin, Marina; Carlomagno, Sergio
English Language Narratives of Filipino Children
Purpose: The current study focuses on describing the English language narrative skills of children who have been exposed to the Filipino language. Method: Eight children between the ages of 6;0 (years;months) and 7;7 who spoke primarily English but who were exposed to the Filipino language at home participated. Each child produced three narrative…
Lofranco, Lee Ann L.; Pena, Elizabeth D.; Bedore, Lisa M.
Narrative Assessment for Cantonese-Speaking Children
Background: This study examined the narrative skills of Cantonese-speaking school-age children to fill a need for a normative language test for school-age children. Purpose: To provide a benchmark of the narrative skills of Cantonese-speaking children; to identify which of the microstructure components was the best predictor of age; and to…
To, Carol Kit-Sum; Stokes, Stephanie F.; Cheung, Hin-Tat; T'sou, Benjamin
Pathology Case Study: Hydrocephalus
The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine's Department of Pathology has compiled a series of case studies to help both students and instructors. In this particular study an otherwise healthy 9 month old infant is presented with hydrocephalus. The case study provides test results and images along with microscopic photos and description. Clicking on the final diagnosis provides a thorough explanation of the diagnosis and treatment.
Hydrogeology is the foundation of subsurface site characterization for evaluations of monitored natural attenuation (MNA). Three case studies are presented. Examples of the potentially detrimental effects of drilling additives on ground-water samples from monitoring wells are d...
NCCCP: Comparative Case Studies
For the case studies, RTI will conduct site visits during each of the three years of program implementation to obtain in-depth information about aspects of each program's design, development, and implementation.
IND Case Studies
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH Working with FDA: Biological Products and Clinical Development IND Case Studies Karen D. Jones Chief, Project Management Staff Division of Biologic Oncology Products Office of
Causal Coherence in Deaf and Hearing Students' Written Narratives
This study investigates the causal coherence of deaf students' written narratives and the relation between students' use of causal structures in narrative writing and their linguistic skills. The written narratives of 17 deaf high school students were compared with those of 2 groups of hearing writers: 17 high school students and 16 second…
Arfe, Barbara; Boscolo, Pietro
Narrative Frames for Investigating the Experiences of Language Teachers
Narrative inquiry in language teacher education aims to understand the experiences of teachers in the particular contexts in which they teach. This article reports on the use of narrative frames as a means of investigating the teaching experiences of university English teachers in China. This study used four specifically designed narrative frames…
Barkhuizen, Gary; Wette, Rosemary
Pathology Case Study: Dysphagia
The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine's Department of Pathology has compiled a series of case studies to help both students and instructors. The patient in this particular case is a 64-year-old male with difficulty swallowing anything other than liquids. Patient history and both the gross and microscopic descriptions, which include images, are included in this case study. The contributing doctors provide a detailed discussion of the patientâÂÂs condition in the âÂÂFinal Diagnosisâ section. Students will find this resource especially helpful, as it provides experience with patient history, lab results, and diagnostics.
Barnes, Leon, 1941-; Fusco, Gregory P.; Perez, Mia C.
Debate as a Teaching Strategy in Online Education: A Case Study
This reflective case study was based on our independent use of the debate as an online instructional approach and our shared interest in teaching strategies. In an interdisciplinary manner, using narrative inquiry and action research, we melded our data sources and analyzed the findings, including our individual experiences with the technique. Our…
Park, Caroline; Kier, Cheryl; Jugdev, Kam
Narrative Structure and Narrative Development in Deaf Children
Researchers, the Deaf community, teachers of deaf children and speech and language therapists all share a concern about how to improve deaf children's written language skills. One part of literacy is story writing or narrative. A finding from a small number of studies is that children exposed to sign language from early childhood onwards achieve…
Rathmann, Christian; Mann, Wolfgang; Morgan, Gary
Analyzing Resistance Narratives at the North American Anarchist GatheringA Method for Analyzing Social Justice Alternative Media
In this study, a methodological framework is established for the examination of resistance narratives in alternative media texts. Using the concepts of narrative paradigm, narrative fragmentation, constitutive elements of narrative, and hegemonic and\\/or emancipatory resistance, the author analyzed the manner of resistance within narrative fragments in alternative media circulated at the 2002 North American Anarchist Gathering. Qualitative content analysis identified
Joshua Atkinson
Engineering Case Studies
This website on Engineering Case Studies has been developed by Geza Kardos from the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Neal Holtz from the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada, in collaboration with the RHIT Logo Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology in Terre Haute, Indiana, and the American Society for Engineering Education, and the Canadian Design Engineering Network. They have gathered together a collection of information on engineering cases which provide accounts of real engineering projects. The collection of over 250 cases is intended for use in engineering education but may also be of interest to armchair engineers. Abstracts provide an overview of the case and a search function and classification system help visitors navigate the collection. They also provide an overview on how to write engineering cases, how to use engineering cases in the classroom, and "a short treatise on the use of engineering cases." Workshop notes and background on using engineering cases to introduce more design content into the engineering curriculum may also be of interest to educators.
Case Study: Filthy Lucre
The website presents a case study involving the detection of cocaine on dollar bills. The lesson is intended for use in upper level high school classes or lower level undergraduate education. Students are introduced to concepts in experimental design, sampling, the interpretation of scientific data, and the reliability of results as they design an experiment to determine what percentage of paper currency is contaminated with cocaine. The case includes lab work involving the use of GC/MS techniques and instrumentation. The case was designed for a chemistry course for non-science majors.
Acheson, Ed
Chronicles of Change: The Narrative Turn and E-Learning Research
Narrative case research has been widely utilized in educational inquiry to investigate different and changing positions and perspectives on questions of identity, curriculum and classroom practice. Despite the fact that case-study research of this kind is well suited to the investigation of changing technologies and their interpretation in…
Friesen, Norm
Narrative Processes across Childhood
According to the narrative perspective on personality development, personality is constructed largely by interpreting and representing experience in story format (scripts) over the course of the lifespan. The focus of this paper is to describe briefly the narrative perspective on personality development during childhood and adolescence, to discuss…
Mulvaney, Matthew Keefe
Computer Narrative Assessment Reports.
The use of narrative test reports overcomes the major barrier to understanding reports, understanding the language that is used. Early attempts to utilize the computer in generating narrative reports include: (1) Teaching Information Processing System (TIPS), involving periodic collection of information from students regarding courses, which is…
Mathews, Walter M.
Narrative History and Theory
While narrative history has been the prevailing mode in historical scholarship, its preeminence has not gone unquestioned. In the 1980s, the role of narrative in historical writing was "the subject of extraordinarily intense debate." The historical backdrop of this debate can be traced to the preceding two decades, when four groups of thinkers…
Tamura, Eileen H.
Visual Narrative Structure
Narratives are an integral part of human expression. In the graphic form, they range from cave paintings to Egyptian hieroglyphics, from the Bayeux Tapestry to modern day comic books (Kunzle, 1973; McCloud, 1993). Yet not much research has addressed the structure and comprehension of narrative images, for example, how do people create meaning out…
Cohn, Neil
A case study for a multimedia program
This multimedia program is a group project under the guidance of the authors, which is to study the visual and auditory expressions that may incur interaction in a multimedia program, by digital content or interactivity. Without lengthy narrative statements or storytelling, abstract ideas are usually difficult to express, especially in the interactive media. This study is adopting abstract concepts of
Szu-ming Chung; Pei-chi Ho; Chun-hsiung Huang
Case Studies in Biology.
A case study writing exercise used in a course on parasitology was found to be a powerful learning experience for students because it involved discipline-based technical writing and terminology, brought the students in as evaluators, applied current learning, caused interaction among all students, and simulated real professional activities. (MSE)
Zeakes, Samuel J.
Nesidioblastosis: a case study.
Hypoglycemia is a common problem among neonates. Transient in nature, it usually resolves with an increase in glucose intake. However, as clinicians, we must recognize that prolonged hypoglycemia may be caused by increased insulin production. Nesidioblastosis is one cause of persistent hyperinsulinism of the newborn. This case study reviews fetal physiology, neonatal presentation, and treatment. PMID:9325879
Starbuck, A L
The Development of Narrative Identity in Late Adolescence and Emergent Adulthood: The Continued Importance of Listeners
Research on narrative identity in late adolescence and early adulthood has not extensively examined how conversational storytelling affects the development of narrative identity. This is a major gap, given the importance of this age period for narrative identity development and the clear importance of parent–child conversations in the development of narrative identity. The authors present a series of 3 studies
Monisha Pasupathi; Timothy Hoyt
Narrative Processes in the Construction of Helpful and Hindering Events in Experiential Psychotherapy
Psychotherapy is an opportunity for the client to tell and "reauthor" the story of their life. Previous research into narrative process in therapy has examined narrative structure, modes of narrative processing, and the experience of storytelling. The aim of this study was to identify narrative processes occurring during moments in therapy perceived by the client as either helpful or hindering,
Soti Grafanaki; John McLeod
Personal Narrative Skills of School-Aged Children with Down Syndrome
Background: Personal narratives are descriptions of past events experienced by the speaker and are one of the most commonly found forms of narration in children. The ability to tell personal narratives is considered critical for socio-emotional wellbeing and academic performance. Aims: This study investigated the personal narrative skills of 25…
van Bysterveldt, Anne Katherine; Westerveld, Marleen Frederike; Gillon, Gail; Foster-Cohen, Susan
Schistosomiasis: a case study.
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infection caused by trematodes (flatworms). It is second only to malaria in public health significance, with an estimated 200 million people infected worldwide. Schistosoma haematobium is endemic in Africa and the Middle East. This case study discusses a 36-year-old Somalian male who immigrated to a Northeastern city in the United States from a refugee camp in Kenya. He presented with episodic gross hematuria and flank pain, and was eventually diagnosed with urinary tract schistosomiasis, which was successfully treated with praziquantel. While the disease is not common in the United States, this case is presented for both its urological and cultural considerations. PMID:19331272
Borch, Marianne; Kiernan, Maureen; Rust, Kay; Baron, Barbara; Simmons, Barbara; Hattala, Patricia; Davey, Amy; Yovanovich, Janis; Shayder, Donna; Wasilewski, Amy; LaFaro, Virginia E
Pathology Case Study: Petechiae
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 6-hour-old baby was found to have petechiae. Visitors are given the case description and the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in pathology and transfusion medicine.
Lopez-Plaza, Iliana; Nester, Theresa; Qu, Lirong
Pathology Case Study: Headache
The Department of Pathology at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center has compiled a wide range of pathology case studies to aid students and instructors in the medical/health science field. In this case, a 79 year old male with headaches and sinus problems is evaluated. The patient previously had "an inverted papilloma resected." Using the gross description, microscopic description, and images provided, students are encouraged to test their knowledge of pathology and diagnose the patient's medical problem. This is an excellent resource for providing students experience with patient history, lab results and diagnostics.
Nine, Jeff S.
Narrative in Adolescent Specific Language Impairment (SLI): A Comparison with Peers across Two Different Narrative Genres
Background: Narrative may provide a useful way in which to assess the language ability of adolescents with specific language impairment and may be more ecologically valid than standardized tests. However, the language of this age group is seldom studied and, furthermore, the effect of narrative genre has not been explored in detail. Methods &…
Wetherell, Danielle; Botting, Nicola; Conti-Ramsden, Gina
Talking about life and finding solutions to different hardships: a qualitative study on the impact of narrative enhancement and cognitive therapy on persons with serious mental illness.
There is growing evidence that internalized stigma, or self-stigma, is a unique source of distress in the lives of people with severe mental illness. Narrative Enhancement and Cognitive Therapy is a structured group-based intervention aimed specifically at reducing internalized stigma and promoting recovery. The current study explores the therapeutic elements of the intervention and participants' spontaneous reports of their experiences of the intervention, on the basis of a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with 18 people with severe mental illness who completed Narrative Enhancement and Cognitive Therapy. Qualitative analysis revealed 6 domains of improvement that participants attributed to their engagement in the intervention: Experiential learning, positive change in experience of self, acquiring cognitive skills, enhanced hope, coping, and emotional change. Processes identified as contributing to positive change included the therapeutic alliance and participants' active role. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. PMID:21048471
Roe, David; Hasson-Ohayon, Ilanit; Derhi, Oren; Yanos, Philip T; Lysaker, Paul H
Pathology Case Study: Sepsis
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology where a 74 year old man with a history of diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, inferior wall myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. He was admitted for a left femoral-popliteal bypass graft. The case study provides both gross and microscopic descriptions along with pertinent laboratory studies in order to allow the user the opportunity to diagnose the patient. Clicking on the final diagnosis link will provide users with a discussion of the actual diagnosis along with important learning points as well as a list of references. This is an excellent resource for students in health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to develop a diagnosis. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in pathology and clinical microbiology.
Callahan, Debra L.
Surviving critical illness: a case study in ambiguity.
Social workers address issues of critical illness and end of life in multiple settings. Due to advances in medical technology, an increasing number of patients survive severe critical illnesses. Little is known about the psychological dynamics of these patients who recover from critical illness and move into the liminal space between life and death. In this article the author analyzes the psychological ambiguities present during recovery from critical illness. Using a case study, connections will be made between surviving critical illness and the theoretical constructs of liminality, illness narratives, ambiguous dying, and ambiguous loss. Practice applications for social workers are addressed. PMID:22150180
Johnston, Liz B
One Science Teacher's Professional Development Experience: A Case Study Exploring Changes in Students' Perceptions of Their Fluency with Innovative Technologies
The purpose of this case-study is to narrate a secondary science teacher's experience of his professional development (PD)\\u000a education and training in innovative technologies (IT) in the context of engaging students in environmental research projects\\u000a The sources from which the narrative is derived include (1) the science teacher's reflective reports during three summer institute\\u000a programs and (2) the science teacher's
Jazlin Ebenezer; Russell Columbus; Osman Nafiz Kaya; Lin Zhang; Devairakkam Luke Ebenezer
Exploring "Lost Childhood": A Study of the Narratives of Palestinians Who Grew Up during the First Intifada
Analysis of life narratives of 20 West Bank Palestinians who grew up during First Intifada revealed an experience of having "lost childhood'. This experience included various aspects categorized into "lost child-friendliness" and "lost childlikeness". Participants attributed their sense of lost childhood to having grown up in the context of…
Netland, Marit
Children's Comprehension of Narrative Picture Books.
This paper explains the creation and validation of the Narrative Comprehension of Picture Books task (NC task), an assessment of young childrens comprehension of wordless picture books. Study 1 explored developmental improvements in the task, as well as r...
A. H. Paris S. G. Paris
Midlife Career Transitions of Men Who Are Scientists and Engineers: A Narrative Study
This article summarizes the results of a qualitative study of career transition experiences of middle-aged male scientists and engineers in the current socioeconomic environment in the United States. The study addresses the effects of the transitions from psychosocial perspectives. The authors selected participants from research organizations,…
Liu, Yosen; Englar-Carlson, Matt; Minichiello, Victor
Narrative Inquiry: Theory and Practice
This article offers an overview of the method of narrative inquiry and explores competing trends in the use of the approach. It not only examines the theories relating to the method but also offers practical guidance on using narrative inquiry, including an exploration of what might count as a narrative and ways of analysing narrative data. The…
Savin-Baden, Maggi; Van Niekerk, Lana
Epidemics and the Politics of Knowledge: Contested Narratives in Egypt's H1N1 Response.
This article explores the politics of knowledge involved in understanding and responding to epidemics in an era of global health governance and biosecurity. It develops and applies an approach focused on how multiple, competing narratives about epidemics are constructed, mobilized and interact, and selectively justify pathways of intervention and response. A detailed ethnographic case study of national and local responses to H1N1 influenza, so-called swine flu, in Egypt reveals how global narratives were reworked by powerful actors in a particular political context, suppressing and delegitimizing the alternative narratives of the Zabaleen (Coptic Christian) people whose lives and livelihoods centered on raising pigs and working with them to control urban waste. The case study illustrates important ways in which geographies and politics of blame around epidemics emerge and are justified, their political contexts and consequences, and how they may feed back to shape the dynamics of disease itself. PMID:24761977
Leach, Melissa; Tadros, Mariz
Forms of Discourse and the Sciences of the Mind: Luria, Sacks, and the Role of Narrative in Neurological Case Histories.
Discusses two sets of neurological case histories: A. R. Luria's "The Man with a Shattered World," and Oliver Sack's "Awakenings." Argues that these histories display two paradigmatic explanations for the mind/brain relation, and that the movement from one paradigm to another also necessitates a movement to different forms of discourse. (MM)
Journet, Debra
Quantitative assessment of the "inexplicability" of fibromyalgia patients: a pilot study of the fibromyalgia narrative of "medically unexplained" pain.
The purpose of this study was to quantify the degree to which fibromyalgia patients perceive the cause of their pain to be inexplicable or difficult to understand. The author developed two simple Likert scales, Understand Pain Scale and Explain Pain Scale, which ask the subject to indicate the degree to which they are able to, respectively, understand the cause of their pain and to explain the cause of their pain to others. A total of 104 subjects who met the 1990 American College of Rheumatology Diagnostic Criteria for fibromyalgia (FM group), and 272 subjects with widespread pain who did not meet these criteria (non-FM group) completed these two instruments. On the Understand Pain Scale, 67.3 % of FM subjects endorsed either the item "understand very little about the cause of my pain (the reason I have pain)" or "cannot understand at all the cause of my pain (the reason I have pain)". By comparison, 16.2 % of the non-FM group with widespread pain endorsed either of these Understand Pain Scale items. On the Explain Scale, 84.6 % of fibromyalgia subjects endorsed either the item "can very little or not very often explain the cause of my pain (the reason I have pain) to others" or "cannot at all explain the cause of my pain (the reason I have pain) to others". In contrast, 21.7 % of non-FM group subjects with widespread pain endorsed either of the aforementioned items. Compared to other patients with chronic, widespread pain, fibromyalgia patients report a much greater degree of difficulty in understanding the cause of their pain and explaining the cause of their pain to others. This phenomenon may reflect the narrative of "inexplicability" in fibromyalgia patients that distinguishes them from other widespread pain populations. PMID:22820966
Ferrari, Robert
Music and Drama in Primary Schools in the Madeira Island--Narratives of Ownership and Leadership
A three-year-case study funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) from the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education was designed to study a 30-year project of music and drama in primary schools in Madeira. This article reports on the narratives of the three main figures in the project as they elaborate on its…
Mota, Graça; Araújo, Maria Jose
Pathology Case Study: Fevers
The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine's Department of Pathology has compiled a series of case studies to help both students and instructors in the health sciences field. In this case, a 68-year-old male patient experiencing fevers, chills, an associated non-productive cough, and weight loss was admitted to the hospital for examination. The âÂÂGross Description,â âÂÂMicroscopic Description,â and â Microbiologyâ sections provide key information and images that contributed to the patientâÂÂs diagnosis. Clicking on the âÂÂFinal Diagnosisâ provides a thorough explanation of the diagnosis and treatment from the contributing doctors.
Kulich, Scott; Pasculle, A. W.
UCLA Statistics Case Studies
Created by the Department of Statistics at UCLA, this collection of case studies includes the following topics: stock prices; breast cancer research; effect of fitness program; water use in Los Angeles; oral hygiene in the ICS-II project; Brinks v. New York City; effect of exercise on heart disease; national assessment of educational progress; The London Underground; suicides of women and men; temperature in San Francisco; lead intake; voting for Johnson; salaries of Yale men; K-Mart cookie sales; skeleton differences between tribes; advertising for detergents; did Mendel fudge his data; rainfall in the United Kingdom; jury selection in Alameda County; racial bias in jury selection: Swain v. Alabama; gender bias in jury selection: the case of Dr. Spock; the ELISA test for the AIDS virus; school careers in the Netherlands in 1959; the Northridge Earthquake of January 1994 and the trial of the Pix. This large collection is great for anyone in the field of statistics.
Aper, David; Michailides, George
Narratives of Identity: Perceptions on Persistence a Qualitative Study of Successful African American College Students
Persistence by minority students is recognized as critical in increasing the number of college graduates. Little research has been conducted on the select, but not elite, universities where the majority of students matriculate. This study provided the voices of 25 urban low SES African American college students who have successfully persisted at a…
Millane, Maureen
Narrative Inquiry: A Methodology for Studying German Migrant Teachers' Experiences in Australian Classrooms
Despite their significant contribution to Australian school life, there has been little research into migrant teachers in Australia. The few studies which are available report difficulties with cultural adaptation for migrant teachers in areas related to pedagogy, language, and classroom management. However, research in Australia has mainly…
Bense, Katharina
Narrative Studies, Personal Stories, and Identity Transformation in the Mutual Help Context
A common way for researchers to think about mutual help organizations is as alternative treatments for people with problems in living. This approach, illustrated here in the context of a series of empirical studies conducted by the author, views people as service seekers. Although much can be gained from research in which there is collaboration between professionals and the self-help
Julian Rappaport
Teaching Undergraduate Nursing Research: A Narrative Review of Evaluation Studies and a Typology for Further Research.
Review of eight studies evaluating strategies for teaching nursing research found they emphasized contextual rather than internal or external validity. A typology for research on teaching strategies was proposed using the categories of purpose, methodological assumptions, types of validity, and sample size. (Contains 45 references.) (SK)
Porter, Eileen J.
A Narrative Study of the Experiences that Impact Educational Choices of Middle-Aged Women
The purpose of this qualitative study was to answer the research questions of how middle-aged women perceive higher education and why they do or do not pursue a higher level of education. According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2009 American Community Survey microdata, more than half of the women between the ages of 30-50 years in one Midwestern US…
Perez, Shireese Redmond
Pathology Case Study: Seizures
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 24-day-old baby is failing to thrive and experiencing seizures. Visitors are given the microscopic description, with images, the results of the postmortem examination, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in pediatric pathology.
Dickman, Paul S.; Lyons, Valerie
Pathology Case Study: Hemoptysis
This is a pulmonary pathology case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 55 year old female has spontaneously occurring hemoptysis. Visitors are given both the microscopic and gross descriptions, radiology, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in pulmonary pathology.
Holst, Valerie; Yousem, Sam
Pathology Case Study: Peritonitis
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 70-year-old man has peritonitis. Visitors are given both the microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in gastrointestinal pathology.
Environmental Ethics Case Studies
The American Physiological Society (APS) has created a wide range of teaching resources through its collaborative digital library over the past several years. This particular corner of the site brings together a number of environmental ethics case studies which cover everything from GMOS to the fluoridation of drinking water. Currently, the site contains a dozen different resources, including "Food Aid and Population Control," "Reviving Extinct Species," and "Progress vs. Family Tradition." Resources can be filtered by Grade/Age level or even Pedagogy. Additionally, users are encouraged to craft their own resources and submit them for possible inclusion.
Quality of written narrative feedback and reflection in a modified mini-clinical evaluation exercise: an observational study
Background Research has shown that narrative feedback, (self) reflections and a plan to undertake and evaluate improvements are key factors for effective feedback on clinical performance. We investigated the quantity of narrative comments comprising feedback (by trainers), self-reflections (by trainees) and action plans (by trainer and trainee) entered on a mini-CEX form that was modified for use in general practice training and to encourage trainers and trainees to provide narrative comments. In view of the importance of specificity as an indicator of feedback quality, we additionally examined the specificity of the comments. Method We collected and analysed modified mini-CEX forms completed by GP trainers and trainees. Since each trainee has the same trainer for the duration of one year, we used trainer-trainee pairs as the unit of analysis. We determined for all forms the frequency of the different types of narrative comments and rated their specificity on a three-point scale: specific, moderately specific, not specific. Specificity was compared between trainee-trainer pairs. Results We collected 485 completed modified mini-CEX forms from 54 trainees (mean of 8.8 forms per trainee; range 1–23; SD 5.6). Trainer feedback was more frequently provided than trainee self-reflections, and action plans were very rare. The comments were generally specific, but showed large differences between trainee-trainer pairs. Conclusion The frequency of self-reflection and action plans varied, all comments were generally specific and there were substantial and consistent differences between trainee-trainer pairs in the specificity of comments. We therefore conclude that feedback is not so much determined by the instrument as by the users. Interventions to improve the educational effects of the feedback procedure should therefore focus more on the users than on the instruments.
Waiting Narratives of Lung Transplant Candidates
Before 2005, time accrued on the lung transplant waiting list counted towards who was next in line for a donor lung. Then in 2005 the lung allocation scoring system was implemented, which meant the higher the illness severity scores, the higher the priority on the transplant list. Little is known of the lung transplant candidates who were listed before 2005 and were caught in the transition when the lung allocation scoring system was implemented. A narrative analysis was conducted to explore the illness narratives of seven lung transplant candidates between 2006 and 2007. Arthur Kleinman's concept of illness narratives was used as a conceptual framework for this study to give voice to the illness narratives of lung transplant candidates. Results of this study illustrate that lung transplant candidates expressed a need to tell their personal story of waiting and to be heard. Recommendation from this study calls for healthcare providers to create the time to enable illness narratives of the suffering of waiting to be told. Narrative skills of listening to stories of emotional suffering would enhance how healthcare providers could attend to patients' stories and hear what is most meaningful in their lives.
Yelle, Maria T.; Stevens, Patricia E.; Lanuza, Dorothy M.
Co-speech gesture production in an animation-narration task by bilinguals: a near-infrared spectroscopy study.
To examine the neural mechanism of co-speech gesture production, we measured brain activity of bilinguals during an animation-narration task using near-infrared spectroscopy. The task of the participants was to watch two stories via an animated cartoon, and then narrate the contents in their first language (Ll) and second language (L2), respectively. The participants showed significantly more gestures in L2 than in L1. The number of gestures lowered at the ending part of the narration in L1, but not in L2. Analyses of concentration changes of oxygenated hemoglobin revealed that activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) significantly increased during gesture production, while activation of the left posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) significantly decreased in line with an increase in the left IFG. These brain activation patterns suggest that the left IFG is involved in the gesture production, and the left pSTS is modulated by the speech load. PMID:23454618
Conducting and Reporting Case Studies.
Issues and elements of case study research are explored and illustrated with the example of a case study of a kindergarten in a suburb of Tokyo (Japan). Case study research is a type of qualitative research that concentrates on a single unit or entity, with boundaries established by the researcher. The case is an example drawn from a larger class,…
Lichtman, Merilyn; Taylor, Satomi Izumi
Narratives of Participation, Identity, and Positionality: Two Cases of Saudi Learners of English in the United States
This article reports a study that investigated how two Saudi Arabian men negotiated their positionality vis-ŕ-vis a host community in the United States and how they engaged in different discursive practices in order to achieve fuller participation in the various worlds that became important to them. The study takes data from a larger research…
Giroir, Shannon
[The narrative in qualitative research in health].
The marked interest of the human and social sciences in health in narrative studies has led to many forms of incorporation of these contributions in qualitative research in health. It is important to reflect on the contexts and characteristics of this incorporation. To accomplish this, we highlight the core theoretical issues involved and also situate this incorporation in the broader context of the scientific production in the human and social sciences in health. We also stress the contribution of the narrative studies for reflection upon the relations between social structure and action or between specific contexts of social interaction and broader societal contexts. This contribution can be identified in relations established through narrative between interpretation, experience and action throughout the health-disease-care process. It is argued that narratives not only organize interpretations, but can also represent a specific form of social agency. In this sense, the narrative interpretations and narrative performances can be seen as core elements in the social construction of experiences and trajectories of illness and care. PMID:24820589
Castellanos, Marcelo Eduardo Pfeiffer
Narrative and Learning to Teach: Implications for Teacher-Education Curriculum
The use of narrative as a perspective within which to understand teacher development has gained considerable momentum in the last decade (Carter 1993, Carter and Doyle 1996, Doyle 1997, Munby et al. 2001), and this perspective has led to several important innovations in the pedagogy of teacher education: the study of cases, the writing of personal…
Doyle, Walter; Carter, Kathy
A Map that Roared and an Original Atlas: Canada, Cartography, and the Narration of Nation
This paper contributes to recent debates about the geography of power,the nation-state, cartographic history, and postcolonial theory. It does so by connecting the themes of these literatures and exploring empirically the claims about the narration of natio made by the postcolonial theorist Homi Bhabha. The two empirical case studies come from contemporary Canada, and concern, in part, the mapping of
Matthew Sparke
Teaching Evolution: Narratives with a View from Three Southern Biology Teachers in the USA
This case study explored sociocultural forces that influenced three 10th grade public high school biology teachers' instructional goals, instructional acts, and identity narratives related to the teaching of evolution. Primary data included field observations of classroom instruction and teacher interviews. Secondary data included informal…
Goldston, M. Jenice; Kyzer, Peggy
Latinas' Practices of Emergence: Between Cultural Narratives and Globalization on the U.S.-Mexico Border
In this article, we attempt to map out the "in-between" space between global and cultural narratives that mediates women's educational trajectories. Case studies of women living on the U.S.-Mexico border make visible these spaces, sites of "practices of emergence": the practices that emerge from incommensurable economic demands and social…
O'Leary, Anna Ochoa; Gonzalez, Norma E.; Valdez-Gardea, Gloria Ciria
Qualitative Research in Question: A Narrative of Disciplinary Power with/in the IRB
This article narrates the author's experience of obtaining institutional review board (IRB) approval for her dissertation study. Although her research topic was particularly sensitive, this case is illustrative of the increasing level of difficulty qualitative researchers are facing in conducting not only risky research but also work that is not…
Johnson, Tara Star
Pathology Case Study: Lymphocytosis
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, which describes "a 72-year-old white male who presented to an outside facility with chest pain of 24 hours duration." Visitors are given patient history, admission data, peripheral blood and bone marrow findings, including images. They are also given flow cytometry and cytogenic data as well as molecular genetics, with images, and are also given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. A "Final Diagnosis" section provides a discussion of the findings as well as references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in hematopathology.
Contis, Lydia C.; Nambiar, Ashok; Pindzola, Ander
The Effects of Death Anxiety and Mode of "Case Study" Presentation on Shifts of Attitude toward Euthanasia.
College students (N = 18) were randomized to one of two experimental treatments: a video tape presentation of a burn victim, and a written narrative of the same "case study." There appeared to be significant differences in attitudes toward euthanasia between experimental groups. (Authors)
Hart, Edward J.
Case Study: The Business End of Cases
This article takes a retrospective look at how the folks in business schools look at the case method. The legacy of cases in business may seem short in the eyes of some but it is positively ancient when compared to the use of the case study in the sciences, which began to take hold in the 1990s. Surprisingly, in spite of its impeccable academic pedigree, there seems to be little literature on the success of the method; virtually no assessment data in business, law, or public policy teaching seems to exist.
Herreid, Clyde F.
Patients' narratives of chronic illnesses and the notion of biographical disruption.
Bury's (1982) argument that the onset of a chronic illness represents a biographical disruption has become paradigmatic in the sociology of illness studies. More recently Bury (1991, 1997) himself Williams (2000) and other medical sociologists have argued that the notion of illness as biographical disruption needs re-examination. Following a phenomenological approach, in this paper the author draws on different narrative models (Labov and Waletzky 1967 and Ricoeur 1980) to analyze how patients orient to the onset of chronic illness as the complicating action. The data comprise eight narratives collected in South America: three correspond to patients with renal failure, and five to patients with HIV/AIDS disease. It is observed that in some cases, patients' complicating actions are rather oriented to experiences of poverty, drug addiction, and criminality that took place prior to their onset of their illnesses. These experiences, instead of the onset of their illnesses, occupy the place of the complicating action in these patients' narratives. The author discusses that in the studies of illness narratives, it is difficult to operate from a different paradigm, but argues that conflating the onset of chronic illness with a biographical disruption may confuse the episodic dimension of narrative with the configurational dimension. PMID:22616353
Delbene, Roxana
"Response to Comments": Finding the Narrative in Narrative Research
The author responds to comments by Barone (2009), Clandinin and Murphy (2009), and M. W. Smith (2009) on "The Construction Zone: Literary Elements in Narrative Research" (Coulter & M. L. Smith, 2009). She clarifies issues regarding point of view, authorial surplus, narrative coherence, and the relational qualities of narrative research. She…
Coulter, Cathy A.
Narrating Disability, Narrating Religious Practice: Reconciliation and Fragile X Syndrome
This article examines the place of religion in the narratives of mothers of children with fragile X syndrome. In semistructured interviews, a majority of women combined narratives of religious practice with illness narratives, interpreting their children's disabilities within a religious framework. Informed by Arthur Frank's (1995) concept of…
Michie, Marsha; Skinner, Debra
Painful bladder: Case studies
As part of the program at the 3rd Annual Canadian Urology Forum (2013), participants engaged in interactive discussions of difficult cases throughout the event. The following is a summary of discussions pertaining to two cases illustrating the difficulties in diagnosis and management of bladder pain symptoms.
Bailly, Greg
Painful bladder: Case studies.
As part of the program at the 3(rd) Annual Canadian Urology Forum (2013), participants engaged in interactive discussions of difficult cases throughout the event. The following is a summary of discussions pertaining to two cases illustrating the difficulties in diagnosis and management of bladder pain symptoms. PMID:24523849
Narratives and neurons: stories of damaged brains.
Stories register in human memory in special ways, and stories about neurological cases can entertain and move a reader while simultaneously being an important part of any neuroscience curriculum. Here we describe a course taught in the context of the liberal arts curriculum of Baldwin-Wallace College. Students from a variety of disciplines learned basic neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and neurochemistry and then used this information to help them understand published neurological case studies, which were analyzed for their literary as well as scientific qualities. Later in the course, students were paired with a person with a neurological disorder and they investigated their cases in some depth. The capstone experience was a monograph that aimed to be both good science and good story telling. Narratives and Neurons was team taught by faculty from the Neuroscience and English departments. However, the case studies were shaped and improved by all the class participants using writing workshop methods common to creative writing classes. Assessments of this course were very favorable, suggesting that students find that the work enhanced their resourcefulness and challenged their abilities to critically evaluate and problem solve. Some of the cases have found their way into the peer-reviewed literature. Moreover, the interaction between students and individuals with neurological disorders provided a diversity of experiences that enriched the lives of all the participants. PMID:23493566
Mickley, G Andrew; Hoyt, Daniel A
Narratives and Neurons: Stories of Damaged Brains
Stories register in human memory in special ways, and stories about neurological cases can entertain and move a reader while simultaneously being an important part of any neuroscience curriculum. Here we describe a course taught in the context of the liberal arts curriculum of Baldwin-Wallace College. Students from a variety of disciplines learned basic neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and neurochemistry and then used this information to help them understand published neurological case studies, which were analyzed for their literary as well as scientific qualities. Later in the course, students were paired with a person with a neurological disorder and they investigated their cases in some depth. The capstone experience was a monograph that aimed to be both good science and good story telling. Narratives and Neurons was team taught by faculty from the Neuroscience and English departments. However, the case studies were shaped and improved by all the class participants using writing workshop methods common to creative writing classes. Assessments of this course were very favorable, suggesting that students find that the work enhanced their resourcefulness and challenged their abilities to critically evaluate and problem solve. Some of the cases have found their way into the peer-reviewed literature. Moreover, the interaction between students and individuals with neurological disorders provided a diversity of experiences that enriched the lives of all the participants.
Mickley, G. Andrew; Hoyt, Daniel A.
Narrative Therapies with Children and Adolescents.
Through transcripts and case examples this book explores how drama, art, play, and humor can be used to engage children of different ages in therapy and to honor their idiosyncratic language, knowledge, and perspectives. Chapters are: (1) "Introduction: Comparing Traditional Therapies with Narrative Approaches" (C. Smith); (2) "'I Am a Bear':…
Smith, Craig, Ed.; Nylund, David, Ed.
Big Sky Geophysics: Case Studies
This site from the website of Big Sky Geophysics presents four case studies in geophysical exploration. Each case study examines the use of a particular exploration method: electrical, GPR, gravity, and magnetic/EM. The case studies lay out the circumstances of the exploration, the science behind the method and then displays the data that was gathered during the exploration.
Jorgenson, Clark; Geophysics, Big S.
Toward better case study research
Case study research can make important contributions to the field of professional communication if the research is carried out with rigor. The paper discusses inaccurate uses of the term "case study" and then presents ideas for conducting more rigorous case studies. Advantages and disadvantages are described, as well as typical techniques, such as interviews, logs, and visual and verbal protocols
Towards interactive narrative medicine.
Interactive Storytelling technologies have attracted significant interest in the field of simulation and serious gaming for their potential to provide a principled approach to improve user engagement in training scenarios. In this paper, we explore the use of Interactive Storytelling to support Narrative Medicine as a reflective practice. We describe a workflow for the generation of virtual narratives from high-level descriptions of patients' experiences as perceived by physicians, which can help to objectivize such perceptions and support various forms of analysis. PMID:23400131
Cavazza, Marc; Charles, Fred
Case Studies in Wilderness Medicine.
Five case studies explore issues in wilderness medicine, with emphasis on evacuation decision making. The cases describe medical problems encountered during wilderness trips involving college or high school students. In each case, the situation and facts of the case are outlined, including the patient's medical history and vital signs, and at…
Gray, Melissa; Tarter, Shana Lee
The Case Study: Assessment of Case Teaching -- Where Do We Go From Here? Part I
Many undergraduates, especially women and traditionally underrepresented groups, avoid higher-level science and mathematics. Several students who switched from science and mathematics majors in college report "poor teaching by faculty" as a significant reason for switching (Seymour and Hewitt 1997, p. 32). One effort to improve the learning of science is through case study teaching. Teachers use realistic or true narratives to provide opportunities for students to integrate multiple sources of information in an authentic context (Lundeberg, Levin, and Harrington 1999; Herreid 1994). Although such methods are being used in some university level courses, relatively little empirical research has examined whether and how these case-based teaching approaches have the desired effects of promoting deep understanding, enabling transfer of ideas to new contexts, and making learning more motivating or valuable for certain student populations (Lundeberg, Levin, and Harrington 1999; Lundeberg et al. 2002).
Yadav, Aman; Lundeberg, Mary A.
Counter-storying the grand narrative of science (teacher) education: towards culturally responsive teaching
John Settlage's article— Counterstories from White Mainstream Preservice Teachers: Resisting the Master Narrative of Deficit by Default—outlines his endeavour to enable pre-service teachers to develop culturally responsive science teaching identities for resisting the master narrative of deficit thinking when confronted by the culturally different `other.' Case study results are presented of the role of counterstories in enabling five pre-service teachers to overcome deficit thinking. In this forum, Philip Moore, a cultural anthropologist and university professor, deepens our understanding of the power and significance of counterstories as an educational tool for enabling students to deconstruct oppressive master narratives. Jill Slay, dean of a science faculty, examines her own master narrative about the compatibility of culturally similar academics and graduate students, and finds it lacking. But first, I introduce this scholarship with background notes on the critical paradigm and its adversary, the grand narrative of science education, following which I give an appreciative understanding of John's pedagogical use of counterstories as a transformative strategy for multi-worldview science teacher education.
Taylor, Peter Charles
Procurement Fraud Case Studies.
The purpose of this research is to provide guidance that will increase awareness and facilitate class discussions on ethical situations that contracting officers are exposed to during their business relationships with contracting firms. The cases explore ...
J. R. Gayton
Using Narratives in Healthcare Communication
Narratives convey feelings and communicate ideas that the listener needs to hear. As such, they make powerful tools in all endeavors of human interaction. The use of narratives has been especially successful in educational settings. The time has come for the patient narrative to take back its rightful place after having been displaced in the name…
Langer, Nieli; Ribarich, Marie
The narrative structure as a way to gain insight into peoples' experiences: one methodological approach.
The narrative method is used in healthcare research, mostly in data collection but also in the analysis. Narrative approaches draw attention to how people tell about and create meaning of experiences. The aim of the article was to examine the narrative structure, the elements in the structure and their function and how these can be used in research to gain insights into experiences. Examples are taken from a material of narratives from a study where next of kin were asked to narrate their experiences of sudden and unexpected death from stroke. The narratives had a clear beginning, midpoint and ending. In the beginning, orientation of the narrated events was given. The narrated events were told to have a turning point constituted of complicating actions that lead to a resolution that solved the narrated event. The narratives were built up by multiple recaps into the narrated events and also consisted of asides - side narratives and flashbacks - events back in time. Use of a narrative structure can contribute with valuable information that might be missed with other analysis. The analysis can be used on its own, as a complement to other narrative analysis or even as a complement to other qualitative analysis. PMID:25066327
Rejnö, Asa; Berg, Linda; Danielson, Ella
Workshop — WCDE design case study
Waterloo Cases in Design Engineering (WCDE) was established with the support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), General Motors of Canada Limited (GMCL) and the University of Waterloo (UW) to enhance the teaching and learning of engineering design in all courses across the Faculty of Engineering using design case studies. The design case studies are developed from
Steve Lambert; Oscar Nespoli
Inclusion Practices with Special Educational Needs Students in a Hong Kong Secondary School: Teachers' Narratives from a School Guidance Perspective
Schools in Hong Kong are concerned about the growing enrolments of students with special educational needs (SEN) and how these students could be included in school guidance. This study examines teachers' narratives of the inclusivity of school guidance. The study was qualitative, being a case study of a Hong Kong secondary school. School documents…
Hue, Ming-tak
Innovative moments in grief therapy: the meaning reconstruction approach and the processes of self-narrative transformation.
Several studies have proposed that self-narrative transformation occurs through the elaboration of "Innovative Moments" (IMs), which are alternative experiences to the problematic self-narrative. This study aimed to analyze the emergence of IMs among 6 complicated grief women undergoing grief therapy according to the meaning reconstruction approach and to examine associations of IMs to the severity of grief symptomatology, assessed by the "Inventory of Complicated Grief." Eighty-three sessions were analyzed using the "Innovative Moments Coding System" (IMCS). A generalized linear model analysis (GLM) showed a significant association between the emergence of IMs and the interaction between time and symptomatic improvement, indicating a higher rate of IM production over time in cases with better clinical outcomes. These results reinforce IMs' relevance in studying narrative change among cases with distinct clinical progressions. PMID:23885786
Alves, Daniela; Fernández-Navarro, Pablo; Baptista, Joăo; Ribeiro, Eugénia; Sousa, Inęs; Gonçalves, Miguel M
Against narrative medicine.
This essay aims to provoke debate on how and what the medical humanities should teach. It argues that the field has been dominated (to its detriment) by two misguided movements, postmodernism and narrative medicine, and that it should be redirected from utilitarian aims towards the goal of exposing medical students to a climate of thought and reflection. PMID:24769751
O'Mahony, Seamus
Storytelling: The Original Narrative.
Original stories can provide a wealth of opportunity for forensics competitors. Original storytelling requires the sharing of a personal experience or family narrative that is adaptable to audiences differing in age and education. Community organizations and groups are invited to participate as audience members and vary from round to round.…
Miller, Jerry L.
Narrative Necklaces ... and beyond
The author personally started making narrative collaged necklaces about 10 years ago, after being inspired by an artist friend. She would take mini images from magazines and collage them together onto laminate tile samples from a hardware store. She then adds colorful brads and stickers, and then paint and oil pastel over them, finally sealing…
West, Debi
Narratives in Teacher Education
In primary teacher education, using a multimedia learning environment, we challenge student teachers to develop narratives of paradigmatic classroom situations. In this digital environment they observe footage of classroom practice (mathematics lessons) and discuss, analyse, and interpret these episodes. The environment will stimulate student…
Dolk, Maarten; den Hertog, Jaap
Case study--leprosy.
We present the case of a 26 year old Indian base worker who attended the Role 2 enhanced hospital in Iraq with a case of leprosy. The patient presented four times over a 12 month period with non-specific pain in the right hand and forearm combined with a large lesion of dry skin and reduced sensation in the forearm. A clinical diagnosis of leprosy was made, which was subsequently confirmed as paucibacillary leprosy by skin smears sent to the UK. It was not possible to treat the patient locally and a recommendation made to the patient's employer that the patient return to India to commence treatment. PMID:21073092
Wood, A M; Wood, C M; Bakker-Dyos, J
Oral language and narrative skills in children with specific language impairment with and without literacy delay: a three-year longitudinal study.
This longitudinal study compared the development of oral language and more specifically narrative skills (storytelling and story retelling) in children with specific language impairment (SLI) with and without literacy delay. Therefore, 18 children with SLI and 18 matched controls with normal literacy were followed from the last year of kindergarten (mean age=5 years 5 months) until the beginning of grade 3 (mean age=8 years 1 month). Oral language tests measuring vocabulary, morphology, sentence and text comprehension and narrative skills were administered yearly. Based on first and third grade reading and spelling achievement, both groups were divided into a group with and a group without literacy problems. Results showed that the children with SLI and literacy delay had persistent oral language problems across all assessed language domains. The children with SLI and normal literacy skills scored also persistently low on vocabulary, morphology and story retelling skills. Only on listening comprehension and storytelling, they evolved towards the level of the control group. In conclusion, oral language skills in children with SLI and normal literacy skills remained in general poor, despite their intact literacy development during the first years of literacy instruction. Only for listening comprehension and storytelling, they improved, probably as a result of more print exposure. PMID:22699257
Vandewalle, Ellen; Boets, Bart; Boons, Tinne; Ghesquičre, Pol; Zink, Inge
Autobiographical Narrative in a Language Classroom: A Case Study in a South African School
There are still many South African teachers who are challenged by the implementation of the relatively new system of education. They have to explore a variety of strategies as they try to transform their pedagogy to enhance learning in their classrooms. This post-apartheid system also challenges educators to be transformative individuals who…
Msila, Vuyisile
Depression: The Differing Narratives of Couples in Couple Therapy
How does the spouse of a person with depression take part in constructing narratives of depression in couple therapy? In this study we examined couples' ways of co-constructing narratives of depression in couple therapy. Three couple therapy processes were chosen for the study, one spouse in each couple having been referred to an outpatient clinic…
Rautiainen, Eija-Liisa; Aaltonen, Jukka
Reactions to Narrative and Statistical Written Messages Promoting Organ Donation
Students (N = 412) attending a large eastern university evaluated two of three message vignettes (narrative, statistical, actual) on organ donation after reporting their attitudes on the topic. The narrative and statistical vignettes were replicated from a study published in 1998 by Kopfman, Smith, Ah Yun, and Hodges. The study design replicated the Kopfman et al. experiment while also correcting for two
Thomas Hugh Feeley; Heather M. Marshall; Amber M. Reinhart
A narrative approach to explore grief experiences and treatment adherence in people with chronic pain after participation in a pain-management program: a 6-year follow-up study
Objective The aim of this study was to explore grief caused by chronic pain and treatment adherence, and how these experiences are integrated into ongoing life stories. Methods A 6-year follow-up using a qualitative mixed-methods design based on written narratives and image narratives was performed. Five women suffering from chronic pain comprised the purposive sample. They had completed an 8-week group pain-management program with two follow-ups, and thereafter continued as a self-help group. A narrative approach was used to analyze the written and image narratives guided by three analytic steps. Results Findings showed that experiences of grief over time were commonly associated with chronic pain. The participants' past experiences reflected their grief at having to abandon jobs and social networks, and revealed loneliness and despair. The present life situation seemed to reflect adaptation, and hope for the future had been established. Overall, forward progression means an ongoing struggle towards a reintegrated body and a meaningful life. Conclusion Through such narratives, health-care workers can identify treatment adherence related to grief and pain, and learn how people might regain their lives beyond using traditional interviews.
Dysvik, Elin; Natvig, Gerd Karin; Furnes, Bodil
Journal Articles as Case Studies
Students use as the basis for a case study a journal article investigating whether people who claimed to have severe lactose intolerance really were unable to digest lactose. This type of case is referred to as an "issues" or "analysis" type of case in wh
Cornely, Kathleen
The Case Study: Case Studies and the Media
Just as comedians find content for their material in newspapers and on television, it is possible for educators to use the media as a great source of material. As case study teachers it is important to look for hooks in the media; events that will grab our student's interest and allow us to develop a case that will teach our discipline. To do this we need to have a "case study frame of mind."
Emerging Temporality: Past Tense and Temporal/Aspectual Markers in Spanish-Speaking Children's Intra-Conversational Narratives
This study describes how young Spanish-speaking children become gradually more adept at encoding temporality using grammar and discourse skills in intra-conversational narratives. The research involved parallel case studies of two Spanish-speaking children followed longitudinally from ages two to three. Type/token frequencies of verb tense,…
Uccelli, Paola
Case Studies in Economic Sanctions
From the Institute for International Economics, Case Studies in Economic Sanctions presents, at present, eight in-depth case studies of the effects of economic sanctions in countries including Cuba, Libya, Pakistan, Iran, India, and Myanmar. Each case study is presented in three compact pages beginning with a detailed timeline of the history of the sanctions. The second page offers more information, including the chronological goals of the sender country, response of the target country, attitude of other countries, and legal notes. The final page contains economic statistics, assessments by economists, and concise authors's summaries. Worthy of note are the lengthy bibliographies that accompany each case study.
From Curriculum Guide to Classroom Practice: Teachers' Narratives of Curriculum Application
The paper examines the implementation of an external written curriculum in the classroom. The study is based on observation of and interviews with 26 Israeli Bible teachers who followed a formal curriculum and used a teachers' guide. The study identified three types of curriculum narrative: the frame narrative, the task narrative, and the…
Shkedi, Asher
Telling the Future: Narrating Urban Teaching Identities
This dissertation is a qualitative narrative study of preservice teachers' construction of urban teaching identities. While studies of urban teacher preparation highlight the need for teacher education programs to foster certain requisite knowledge, dispositions, attitudes, beliefs and skills, more studies are required to illuminate ways in which…
Lee, Marini Calette
Oral Narrative Intervention for Children with Mixed Reading Disability
Ten children (aged between 7;11 and 9;2) with mixed reading disability participated in an oral narrative intervention programme that focused on enhancing children's story structure knowledge. The participants had all demonstrated persistent reading and oral narrative comprehension and production difficulties in a two-year longitudinal study prior…
Westerveld, Marleen F.; Gillon, Gail T.
Narrative, Imaginary Play, Art, and Self: Intersecting Worlds
This study documented the ways in which the spontaneous narratives of a focus group of young children reflected the ways in which these children constructed meaning about their world and their place in it. Participants were six kindergartners who engaged in extended episodes of imaginary, dramatic play and produced complex descriptive narratives…
Ahn, Jiryung; Filipenko, Margot
Narrative Skills Following Early Confirmation of Permanent Childhood Hearing Impairment
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare spoken language production in children with permanent childhood hearing impairment (PCHI) whose PCHI was confirmed either early or late. Method: Audio-taped spoken narrative was assessed for syntax, phonology, morphology, and narrative in transcripts from a population-based sample of 89 children (49 males,…
Worsfold, Sarah; Mahon, Merle; Yuen, Ho Ming; Kennedy, Colin
The Development of Expressive Elaboration in Fictional Narratives
Purpose: This study analyzed the development of expressive elaboration in fictional narratives for school-age children. Method: The analysis was derived from high-point analysis, but it was tailored to capture the artful aspects of fictional storytelling. Narratives were elicited with a short picture sequence of a likely life event from 293…
Ukrainetz, Teresa A.; Justice, Laura M.; Kaderavek, Joan N.; Eisenberg, Sarita L.; Gillam, Ronald B.; Harm, Heide M.
Does Screencast Teaching Software Application Needs Narration for Effective Learning?
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of screencast with narration and without narration in enhancing learning performance. A series of screencast teaching Flash animation software was developed using screen capture software for the purpose of this research. The screencast series were uploaded to specialized channels created in…
Mohamad Ali, Ahmad Zamzuri; Samsudin, Khairulanuar; Hassan, Mohamad; Sidek, Salman Firdaus
Narrative Discourse in Bilingual Children: Language and Task Effects
Purpose: This study investigated the effect of language on Spanish-English bilingual children's production of narrative samples elicited in two ways. Method: Twelve bilingual (Spanish-English-speaking) children ranging in age from 4;0 (years;months) to 6;11 who were fluent speakers of English as a second language produced two narratives--one…
Fiestas, Christine E.; Pena, Elizabeth D.
Narrative Analysis: Exploring Experiences of Observational Drawing and Dyspraxia
Narrative analysis offers a powerful and accessible means of understanding the ways in which individuals experience learning across a range of educational sites. Drawing on a recent study that explored "dyspraxic" pupils' experiences of drawing from observation, this paper offers an insight into the potential that narrative analysis has for…
Penketh, Claire
Personal Narrative Performance in the Classroom: A Teaching Tool
Personal narratives can be useful epistemological tools or qualitative study methods that promote alternative ways of knowing in the classroom. Promoting interactive and meaningful classroom experiences involves motivating students in creative and innovative ways. In this essay, the authors discuss the use of personal narration as a pedagogical…
Montalbano, Lori; Ige, Dorothy W.
What Is Adolescence?: Adolescents Narrate Their Lives in Lima, Peru
This study explores the lives of Peruvian adolescents in a low-income human settlement outside of Lima. Twenty 12-17 year olds were asked to narrate their own life stories using the life history narrative research method. Holistic content analysis was coupled with a grounded-theory approach to explore these data. Intergenerational responsibility,…
Bayer, Angela M.; Gilman, Robert H.; Tsui, Amy O.; Hindin, Michelle J.
Dialect-Neutral Indices of Narrative Cohesion and Evaluation
Purpose: This study compared the development of essential elements of narrative skill in children from African American English (AAE)- and general American English (GAE)-speaking communities using an innovative elicitation and evaluation protocol consisting of four key indices of narrative language: (a) reference contrasting, (b) temporal…
Burns, Frances A.; de Villiers, Peter A.; Pearson, Barbara Z.; Champion, Tempii B.
Becoming a Teacher: Using Narrative as Reflective Practice. A Cross-Disciplinary Approach. Counterpoints: Studies in the Postmodern Theory of Education. Volume 411
"Becoming a Teacher" revisits the concept of Teacher Lore (Schubert and Ayers, 1992), by providing a cross-disciplinary approach linking elements of narrative theory to all aspects of pre- and in-service teaching. In essence, it embraces the notion that what teachers say matters. The rationale behind this text is the idea that narrative can not…
Blake, Robert W., Jr., Ed.; Blake, Brett Elizabeth, Ed.
River Forecasting Case Study
This module takes the learner through the considerations for the river forecasting decisions associated with the remnants of Hurricane Ivan on 17-19 September, 2004 for the Susquehanna River system in Pennsylvania and New York. The module assists the learner with applying the concepts covered in the foundation topics of the Basic Hydrologic Sciences course. Some of the specific topics pertinent to this case are soil conditions, the impact of QPF on runoff, runoff models, runoff processes, routed flow and stage-discharge relationships. Observations of upstream conditions and comparisons to historic crests are also examined to assist with operational flood forecast decisions. The core foundation topics are recommended as a prerequisite since this module assumes some pre-existing knowledge of hydrologic principles.
Spangler, Tim
HEAD Academy PBL Case Studies
This site contains case studies relevant to chemistry and related scientific areas, all using problem based learning methods. The case studies are in the form of downloadable pdf files that include materials to give to students as well as instructor guides.
Avatar-assisted case studies.
Engaging students in active techniques that promote learning and socialization in nursing may be achieved using Voki technology. The authors discuss a project, and its outcomes, that used avatar-assisted case studies. Instructors looking for a new teaching technology that can be integrated into case studies are encouraged to explore this venue as an active learning technology. PMID:23608909
Anderson, Judy K; Page, Angela M; Wendorf, Deborah M
Management Tools Case Study.
This study investigated documentation and procedures for the NASA Integrated Programs for Aerospace Vehicle Design (IPAD) Program. The purpose was to assess IPAD's value to a proposed R&D program for evaluating the application of management principles and...
J. R. Brown L. S. Hammond
Managerial Case Studies; Special Project.
These case studies are designed to serve as guides to encourage investigation into library administration. Organized into four problem areas: Interim-shelving, Budget Reduction, Studies in a New Main Library Building, and Library Bindery Contracts; this p...
J. C. Smith
Supporting narrative understanding of children with autism: A story interface with autonomous autobiographic agents
Recent studies in education for children with autism demonstrated that computer assisted learning can increase children's narrative understanding. However, software interfaces which include autonomous intelligent agents have yet to be explored in this context. In this paper we investigate how a narrative storytelling environment which is populated with virtual characters may help children with autism to understand narrative structure and
Wan Ching Ho; Megan Davis; Kerstin Dautenhahn
Task Design and Second Language Performance: The Effect of Narrative Type on Learner Output
This article presents a study examining how narrative structure and narrative complexity might influence the performance of second language learners. Forty learners of English in London and sixty learners in Teheran were asked to retell cartoon stories from picture prompts. Each performed two of four narrative tasks that had different degrees of…
Tavakoli, Parvaneh; Foster, Pauline
Does Santa Exist? Children's Everyday Narratives as Dynamic Meeting Places in a Day Care Centre Context
The article attempts to answer the question: What is the nature of children's everyday narratives in a day care centre context? The theoretical framework of this study is based on a narrative approach. The research material was gathered through applying the methodology of narrative ethnography. The article is based on observational material…
Puroila, Anna-Maija; Estola, Eila; Syrjala, Leena
Narrative and Rhetorical Approaches to Problems of Education. Jerome Bruner and Kenneth Burke Revisited
Over the last few decades there has been a strong narrative "turn" within the humanities and social sciences in general and educational studies in particular. Especially Jerome Bruner's theory of narrative as a specific "mode of knowing" was very important for this growing body of work. To understand how the narrative mode works Bruner proposes to…
Rutten, Kris; Soetaert, Ronald
Children's Oral Narrative and Reading Skills in the First 3 Years of Reading Instruction
This research investigated the link between oral narrative and reading skills in the first 3 years of reading instruction. Study 1 consisted of 61 children (M = 6:1 years) who had experienced 1 year of reading instruction on average. Children's story retelling was scored for memory and narrative quality. The quality of children's narratives…
Reese, Elaine; Suggate, Sebastian; Long, Jennifer; Schaughency, Elizabeth
Written Feedback and Scoring of Sixth-Grade Girls' and Boys' Narrative and Persuasive Writing
This study examined the possible gender differences in teachers' scoring and written feedback on two narrative and two persuasive writing samples sent to 108 grade six teachers throughout one Canadian province. Participating teachers read a narrative and a persuasive piece of writing from one boy, and a narrative and persuasive piece written by…
Peterson, Shelley; Childs, Ruth; Kennedy, Kerrie
Looking at the Interactive Narrative Experience through the Eyes of the Participants
The topic of interactive narrative has been under research for many years. While there has been much research exploring the development of new algorithms that enable and enhance interactive narratives, there has been little research focusing on the question of how players understand and internalize their interactive narrative experiences. This paper addresses this problem through conducting a phenomenological study on
David Milam; Magy Seif El-nasr; Ron Wakkary
Geostatistical case studies
The objective of this volume of contributed chapters is to present a series of applications of geostatistics. These range from a careful variographic analysis on uranium data, through detailed studies on geologically complex deposits, right up to the latest nonlinear methods applied to deposits with highly skewed data contributions. Applications of new techniques such as the external drift method for
G. Matheron; M. Armstrong
Narrative, memory and social representations: a conversation between history and social psychology.
This paper explores relations between narrative, memory and social representations by examining how social representations express the ways in which communities deal with the historical past. Drawing on a case study of social representations of the Brazilian public sphere, it shows how a specific narrative of origins re-invents history as a useful mythological resource for defending identity, building inter-group solidarity and maintaining social cohesion. Produced by a time-travelling dialogue between multiple sources, this historical narrative is functional both to transform, to stabilise and give resilience to specific social representations of public life. The Brazilian case shows that historical narratives, which tend to be considered as part of the stable core of representational fields, are neither homogenous nor consensual but open polyphasic platforms for the construction of alternative, often contradictory, representations. These representations do not go away because they are ever changing and situated, recruit multiple ways of thinking and fulfil functions of identity, inter-group solidarity and social cohesion. In the disjunction between historiography and the past as social representation are the challenges and opportunities for the dialogue between historians and social psychologists. PMID:23065375
Jovchelovitch, Sandra
"The ickiness factor:" case study of an unconventional psychotherapeutic approach to pediatric OCD.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a complex condition with biological, genetic, and psychosocial causes. Traditional evidence-based treatments include cognitive-behavioural therapy, either alone or in combination with serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors (SSRI's), other serotonergic agents, or atypical antipsychotics. These treatments, however, often do not lead to remission, and therefore, it is crucial to explore other less conventional therapeutic approaches. This paper describes a case study in which psychodynamic, narrative, existential, and metaphor therapy in combination with more conventional treatments led to a dramatic remission of severe OCD in a 12 year old hospitalized on a psychiatric inpatient unit. The paper, which is written partly in the form of a story to demonstrate on a meta-level the power of narrative, is also intended to illustrate the challenges of countertransference in the treatment of patients with severe OCD, and the ways in which a reparative therapeutic alliance can lead to unexpected and vital change. PMID:24818457
Dembo, Justine S
Career Counselling an African Immigrant Student in a USA School Setting: Merging Transition Theory with a Narrative Approach
A global professional discourse has emerged among career specialists inviting a critical examination of conventional career theory and calling for innovative, postmodern approaches that capture the complex, unique and evolving needs of diverse and disadvantaged students. Using a narrative case study the authors evaluate and describe the…
Mims, M. J.; Mims, G. A.; Newland, L. A.
SciTech Connect
The objective of this volume of contributed chapters is to present a series of applications of geostatistics. These range from a careful variographic analysis on uranium data, through detailed studies on geologically complex deposits, right up to the latest nonlinear methods applied to deposits with highly skewed data contributions. Applications of new techniques such as the external drift method for combining well data with seismic information have also been included. The volume emphasizes geostatistics in practice. Notation has been kept to a minimum and mathematical details have been relegated to annexes.
Matheron, G.; Armstrong, M.
Case Studies in Science Ethics
Everyone in science should have ethics education training. I have seen graduate students taken advantage of by their mentors. Many of us have seen misconduct...but what should we do about it? Young scientists are often unaware of the rules in science and make mistakes because of their ignorance of the rules in that particular field of study. Then there are an increasing number of cases in the news of overt cases of misrepresentation in science. All are welcome to attend this discussion of case studies. A case study on topics such as: how to treat data properly, how our values in science affect our work, who gets authorship on scientific papers, who is first author on a paper, what you should do if you uncover misconduct or plagiarism in your university, and we will discuss the scientist's role in society. This will be a painless, non-confrontational small group, then large group discussion of each case
Williams, Karen
The use of narrative in Jewish medical ethics.
Anne Jones has pointed out that over the last three decades, stories have been important to medical ethics in at least three ways: (1). Stories as cases for teaching principle-based medical ethics (2). Narratives for moral guides on what is considered living a good life (3). Stories as testimonials written by both patients and physicians. A pioneer in this effort, particularly in regard to using narratives as moral guides, has been the ethicist and philosopher Stanley Hauerwas. Heavily influenced by virtue ethics, Hauerwas believes that it is a person's particular narrative tradition that provides one with convictions that form the basis of one's morality. Befitting a Protestant theologian, he is particularly concerned with the Christian narrative. From a Jewish perspective, there has been much less written on the use of narrative in medical ethics. However, it is a mistake to think that narrative has little, if any, role in Rabbinic ethical decision making. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the centrality of narrative in the thought of Orthodox Jewish decisors and the problems inherent in this methodology. PMID:22395754
Jotkowitz, Alan
Autism as Metaphor: Narrative and Counter-Narrative
In this paper we explore the significance of metaphor and dominant cultural narratives in current autism discourse. We briefly explore the history of metaphor in autism discourse, and outline the contemporary struggle between the culturally dominant metaphor of autism as disease and the emergent counter-narrative of autism within neurodiversity.…
Broderick, Alicia A.; Ne'eman, Ari
Two Crowd Control Case Studies.
The Operational Research (OR) Team in Defence Research Development Canada (DRDC) Valcartier has begun work on a research project on modeling and simulating of crowd behaviour. This technical note reports on two crowd behaviour case studies. The intent of ...
I. Taylor S. Desai
Nasopharyngeal Case-Control Study
A case-control study conducted in Taiwan between 1991-1994 among approximately 1,000 individuals to examine the role of viral, environmental, and genetic factors associated with the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Hydrogeologic Case Studies (Seattle, WA)
Remediation Case Studies: Groundwater Treatment.
The purpose of this report is to provide case studies of groundwater treatment site cleanup projects. This volume contains reports on eleven projects, eight of which are still ongoing. Most of the projects address petroleum hydrocarbons and chlorinated al...
STS Case Study Development Support.
The Shuttle Case Study Collection (SCSC) has been developed using lessons learned documented by NASA engineers, analysts, and contractors. The SCSC provides educators with a new tool to teach real-world engineering processes with the goal of providing uni...
D. A. Rosa de Jesus G. K. Johnson
Case Study: del Amo Bioventing
The attached presentation discusses the fundamentals of bioventing in the vadose zone. The basics of bioventing are presented. The experience to date with the del Amo Superfund Site is presented as a case study....
A narrative study of selected introductory college biology students' struggles to gain an understanding of scale and measurement
Case studies, developed with criteria from Yin's Case Study Research: Design and Methods (1994), probed single mental constructs of four introductory college biology students who were recent high school graduates. Data sources included autobiographical essays, interviews, coconstructed concept maps (Wandersee & Abrams, 1993), a videotape questionnaire, and graphics. A multisensory microscopy experiment provided the setting for the construction of shared meanings by the participants. Concept maps were used then to explore the existing cognitive framework of the participants. This research affirmed the value of supporting graphic organizers for understanding science (Good & Berger, 1998; Hyerle, 1996; Trowbridge & Wandersee, 1998). Ausubelian cognitive learning theory (Ausubel, Novak, and Hanesian, 1978) was the theoretical foundation for this research. The heuristic device of concept mapping was used as a method to aid the student in externalizing and understanding the development and integration of relevant concepts. Ausubel (1968), Novak and Gowin (1984) recognize the positive results of knowledge construction from laboratory experiences. Expanding the student's immediate knowledge of microscopy with instruction by the researcher helped students connect scale relationships with microscopy. Results of this study suggest (a) that there are anticipatable and addressable gaps in their knowledge of size, scale, measurement, and micrometry that introductory college biology students bring to the science laboratory, and (b) that these gaps and misunderstandings will otherwise impede their learning from microscopy-based laboratory experiences and frustrate their ability to measure and to grasp the relative size of microstructures and microorganisms meaningfully. Results also suggest that, the MicroMeasure(TM) grid system in particular may offer a new and more effective way to help students learn to interpret the magnification powers used in presenting the objects pictured in the commonplace electron micrograph images appearing so frequently on the pages of today's biology textbooks. A better introduction to and progressive articulation of the precursor concepts needed to understand microscopic images during the K--12 school experience apparently would smooth the transition from high school to college biology laboratory learning from microscopes and microscopic images.
Hinton, Juliana Guillory
The Case Study: Professional Development Cases
A professional development case in college science teaching bridges the gap between educational theory and practice. A good case poses an interesting dilemma involving instructors, students, and administrators. Case discussions can help instructors take charge of their own professional development and create a community of shared professional support within their colleges. These discussions help overcome the sense of isolation that many instructors, particularly new ones, can experience.
Coleman, Dava; Brickman, Peggy; Glynn, Shawn; Koballa, Thomas
This article examines the place of religion in the narratives of mothers of children with fragile X syndrome. In semistructured interviews, a majority of women combined narratives of religious practice with illness narratives, interpreting their children's disabilities within a religious framework. Informed by Arthur Frank's (1995) concept of "wounded storytellers," the authors articulate a reconciliation narrative that mothers commonly used to describe their transition from viewing disability as a burden or challenge to seeing it as a blessing, or as a part of God's purpose or plan for their lives. The authors discuss the significance of narrative for better understanding religious perspectives on disability and conclude with the implications of these findings for practitioners and future research.
Teaching Case: Enterprise Architecture Specification Case Study
A graduate course in enterprise architecture had a team project component in which a real-world business case, provided by an industry sponsor, formed the basis of the project charter and the architecture statement of work. The paper aims to share the team project experience on developing the architecture specifications based on the business case…
Steenkamp, Annette Lerine; Alawdah, Amal; Almasri, Osama; Gai, Keke; Khattab, Nidal; Swaby, Carval; Abaas, Ramy
Desegregation Case Studies. Volume II: Appendixes, Case Study Working Reports.
This document contains the working report case studies of five urban school districts studied to determine the role of the Emergency School Aid Act (ESAA), Title IV of the Civil Rights Act, and Title IV enforcement by the Office of Civil Rights in school desegregation. Desegregation processes were examined in Dayton, Ohio, San Francisco,…
Russell, Susan Higley; And Others
The narrative power of astrobiology
The narrative power of astrobiology: Telling the story of the quest to understand life's origins and the search for evidence of extraterrestrial life INTRODUCTION The story of the origins and evolution of life is a narrative with nearuniversal appeal. The story of life on Earth is meaningful to all people, and the search for life elsewhere is appealing across cultural
Linda Billings
The Rhetoric of Awareness Narratives
At the heart of passionate antiracist writing by white people often lies a personal narrative--a narrative of awakening in which the writers see for the first time the unearned prvilege their skin color affords them, and one that reveals the historical, familial, and cultural trajectories of race difference they are linked to and perpetuate. In…
Swiencicki, Jill
Postcolonial Dilemmas in Narrative Research
Narrative research methodology embraces multiple ways of representing lived experience discursively, regardless of a participant's levels of literacy, education or formal occupation. This article explores some of the dilemmas of "doing" narrative research in comparative and international education, with particular emphasis on the postcolonial…
Fox, Christine
Illness narratives: fact or fiction?
There is currently considerable renewed interest in narrative analysis in the humanities, social sciences and medicine. Illness narratives, particularly those of patients or lay people, are a particular focus in health related settings. This paper discusses the background to this interest, especially its roots in critiques of medical dominance and distinctions between disease and illness, drawn by sociologists and anthropologists
Mike Bury
Catatonia: a narrative review.
Catatonic syndromes involve a complex mixture of motor, behavioral, and systemic manifestations that are derived from unclear mechanisms. What is clear is that neurotransmitters, such as dopamine (DA), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glutamate (GLU), are of major importance in the pathogenesis of catatonia and Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) and that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) is crucial to the development of Serotonin Syndrome (SS). As medications with potent effects on modulation of monoamines proliferate, the diagnosis and management of these complex disorders become even more important. Without question, these syndromes have signs, symptoms and treatments that overlap, thus, considering the symptomatological load and the associated clinical burden (including potentially life-threatening conditions), the need for a better knowledge of the hypothesized biological mechanisms and pharmacological management is imperative. Although the search for a unique, conclusive approach to the management of catatonia is futile, stating the heterogeneity of the clinical pictures and the wide range of effective treatment choices (including non-pharmacological interventions), clinicians should not disregard an accurate, critical therapeutic approach to such a relevant, yet often disregarded, topic. The aim of this narrative review is to provide both clinicians and pharmacologists with a narrative, panoramic review on catatonia and associated clinical pictures, focusing on its general pharmacological management. PMID:21294706
Fornaro, Michele
Case Study: Sex and Vaccination
This case study is centered upon the recent debate concerning the decision by Texas Governor Rick Perry to mandate the compulsory vaccination of girls in the Texas public school system against the human papillomavirus (HPV) prior to entering the sixth grade. The interrupted case method is particularly appropriate for this subject with the case sections providing a general overview of the disease, the reasons for such a mandatory vaccination program, the reasons against such a program, and finally a disclosure of what ultimately transpired in Texas.
Herreid, Clyde F.; Zavrel, Erik
Case Study: Introducing Students to Cases
Strategically introducing students to a controversial science case--before they read it, watch it, or listen to it--motivates them to learn from it and paves the way for successful discussion and debate. A strategic introduction also provides an opportunity for the instructor to demonstrate scientific reasoning and share guidelines for the discussion and debate. In this article, the authors describe and illustrate how instructors should introduce students to a controversial case and prepare them for debating issues related to it.
Graybeal, Geoffrey; Brickman, Peggy; Glynn, Shawn
Supporting narrative retells for people with aphasia using augmentative and alternative communication: photographs or line drawings? Text or no text?
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine how the interface design of an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) device influences the communication behaviors of people with aphasia during a narrative retell task. METHOD A case-series design was used. Four narratives were created on an AAC device with combinations of personally relevant (PR) photographs, line drawings (LDs), and text for each participant. The narrative retells were analyzed to describe the expressive modality units (EMUs) used, trouble sources experienced, and whether trouble sources were repaired. The researchers also explored the participants' perceived helpfulness of the interface features. RESULTS The participants primarily used spoken EMUs to retell their narratives. They relied on PR photographs more frequently than LDs; however, they reported both picture types to be equally helpful. Text was frequently used and reported as helpful by all 4 people with aphasia. Participants experienced similar rates of trouble sources across conditions; however, they displayed unique trends for successful repairs of trouble sources. CONCLUSION For narrative retells, LDs may serve as an effective visual support when PR photographs are unavailable. Individual assessment is necessary to determine the optimum combination of supports in AAC systems for people with aphasia. PMID:24687095
Griffith, Julie; Dietz, Aimee; Weissling, Kristy
Immunophenotypic Study of Leukaemia Cases
This study presents an immunophenotypic study of 739 cases of various types of leukaemia admitted to the Riyadh medical Complex, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from January 1988 to December 2003. Paterns of observation for morphologically acute leukaemias were observed and classified into sub-types based on French-American-British (FAB) classification. (Keywords: clinical research, Leukaemia, Leukemia, cancer, morphological differences)
Mansoor Quli Khan; Soad Ali; Vijay P. Gupta; Arif Shah
As a major part of the effort to disseminate the results of its research in the area of pollution prevention, EPA's Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory has produced this compilation of case studies. hese studies are the culmination of some of the major current research efforts ...
Case Studies in Climate Change
This module is intended to be taught in an AP environmental science introductory unit and consists of 5 case studies. APES students choose one case based on their interest and work in a group to complete. Each case study includes an introduction with a news article or op-ed piece to start students thinking about their own opinions on the issue. Students then have time to research and build their background knowledge. Labs or activities are included to introduce students to methods used by scientists to study issues such as dendrochronology or ice core analysis. Students then analyze a real world set of data and create a presentation to present their findings to their class. Presentations include conclusions and recommendations for action to help solve the issue.
Case Studies in Business Ethics
The most recent guide from Inc.com offers case studies in business ethics and includes coverage of businesses striving to become more environmentally aware, provide community growth, and activate global change. One of the case studies follows Fetzer Vineyards, a California winery committed to reducing its own waste; another describes the way that the Philadelphia restaurant White Dog Cafe donates ten percent of its $4.4 million profit to a variety of nonprofit organizations. The case studies are generally quite short and easy to read; additionally, they link to several online polls that test users's business ethics skills. For more information on Guides @ Inc.com, see the August 10, 2000 Scout Report for Business and Economics.
Change in Psychotherapy: A Dialogical Analysis Single-Case Study of a Patient with Bulimia Nervosa
Starting from the critical review of various motivational frameworks of change that have been applied to the study of eating disorders, the present paper provides an alternative conceptualization of the change in psychotherapy presenting a single-case study. We analyzed six psychotherapeutic conversations with a bulimic patient and found out narratives "for" and "against" change. We read them in terms of tension between dominance and exchange in I-positions, as described by Hermans. These results indicate that the dialogical analysis of clinical discourse may be a useful method to investigate change from the beginning to the end of therapy.
Salvini, Alessandro; Faccio, Elena; Mininni, Giuseppe; Romaioli, Diego; Cipolletta, Sabrina; Castelnuovo, Gianluca
Narratives that Address Affective Forecasting Errors Reduce Perceived Barriers to Colorectal Cancer Screening
Narratives from similar others may be an effective way to increase important health behaviors. In this study, we used a narrative intervention to promote colorectal cancer screening. Researchers have suggested that people may overestimate barriers to colorectal cancer screening. We recruited participants from the US, ages 49–60 who had never previously been screened for colorectal cancer, to read an educational message about screening for the disease. One-half of participants were randomly assigned to also receive a narrative within the message (control participants did not receive a narrative). The narrative intervention was developed according to predictions of affective forecasting theory. Compared to participants who received only the educational message, participants who received the message along with a narrative reported that the barriers to screening would have less of an impact on a future screening experience. The narrative also increased risk perception for colorectal cancer and interest in screening in the next year.
Dillard, Amanda; Fagerlin, Angela; Cin, Sonya Dal; Zikmund-Fisher, Brian J; Ubel, Peter A
Pathology Case Study: Postmenopausal Bleeding
This gynecologic pathology case study, provided by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, is an excellent resource for students and instructors in the health science fields. This case involves 57-year-old female with postmenopausal bleeding. The patientâÂÂs history, and results from a pelvic ultrasound are included in the case study to aid in the understanding of the final diagnosis. The official final diagnosis is accompanied by a discussion of the contributing doctorâÂÂs findings and a list of references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose patientâÂÂs conditions.
Chen, Lei; Kanbour, Anisa; Kessinger, Rovena L.
Airpower versus Terrorism: Three Case Studies.
This study analyzes the effectiveness of airpower versus terrorism using three case studies. The first case study is Operation El Dorado Canyon, America's response to Libyan state-sponsored terrorism. The second case study is Operation Infinite Reach, Ame...
T. R. Phinney
Narratives in Teaching Practice: Matti Raekallio as Narrator in His Piano Lessons
The present article considers the narratives told in piano lessons, studied as both a teacher's "way of knowing" and as echoes of "masters' voices" in classical music. The main character is a well known Finnish music pedagogue and artist, Matti Raekallio, and the study focuses on his knowledge of teaching practice; that is, his practical…
Hyry-Beihammer, Eeva Kaisa
The Gameplay Gestalt, Narrative, and Interactive Storytelling
This paper discusses the relationship between concepts of narrative, patterns of interaction within computer games constituting gameplay gestalts, and the relationship between narrative and the gameplay gestalt. The repetitive patterning involved in gameplay gestalt formation is found to undermine deep narrative immersion. The creation of stronger forms of interactive narrative in games requires the resolution of this confl ict. The
Craig A. Lindley
Towards Narrative-Centered Learning Environments
Because narrative plays such a central role in cognition and culture, narrative-centered curric- ula have been the subject of increasing atten- tion. By taking advantage of the inherent struc- ture of narrative, narrative-centered learning envi- ronments could provide engaging worlds in which students are actively involved in motivating story- building activities. The fundamental hypothesis of this research program is that
Bradford W. Mort; Charles B. Callaway; Luke S. Zettlemoyer; Seung Y. Lee; James C. Lester
Same but Different: Space, Time and Narrative
In this paper, I give an account of the ways in which narratives and identities change over space and time. I give an account of a mobile and changing human subject, one who does not simply express or represent her- or himself through narrative, but is constructed and reconstructed through narrative. I draw on Paul Ricoeur's concepts of "narrative…
Bansel, Peter
Case studies of uncommon headaches.
The following interesting and uncommon headache disorders are presented through case studies: exploding head syndrome, hypnic headache, neck-tongue syndrome, "Alice in Wonderland" syndrome, nummular headache, red ear syndrome, burning mouth syndrome, spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome, and cardiac cephalalgia. PMID:16684636
Evans, Randolph W
Case Studies in School Communication.
This two-part source book offers administrators both general information for effective communications in public education and case studies describing methods used by individual Texas school districts to solve communications problems. General articles include guidelines for working with the news media, producing school newsletters, developing a…
Texas School Public Relations Association.
Case Studies in Strategic Bombardment.
This volume, the third in a series of historical case studies of important air power missions, addresses the most controversial air power mission of all: strategic bombardment. The ability of aircraft and missiles to destroy or disrupt an enemy's war...
R. C. Hall R. J. Overy S. L. McFarland W. A. Jacobs W. P. Newton
Multiple Exceptionalities: A Case Study.
This case study reports on an 11-year-old boy with multiple exceptionalities. The child was verbally gifted, learning disabled in mathematics, and health impaired. He had received homebound instruction throughout his elementary school years. Qualitative research methods were used to explore the subject's learning characteristics and educational…
Moon, Sidney M.; Dillon, Deborah R.
The Innovative Clean Technologies case studies contained herein are the products of the "Pollution Prevention by and for Small Business" Program (P2SB). he P2SB was an outreach program directed to small businesses that had developed innovative concepts for pollution prevention in...
Due Process Hearing Case Study
This article presents a due process hearing case study of a mother who contended that his son, D.J., has been denied of a free and appropriate public education (FAPE) of his School District after being suspended from school. D.J., an elementary student, had been described as hyperactive, inattentive, defiant, and often volatile. He was identified…
Bateman, David F.; Jones, Marni Gail
Interethnic mentoring : a case study
Since 2001, the Big Brothers Big Sisters program of Turkey has been matching Kurdish children with Turkish adult mentors. These mentors are assisting children in the development of their cognitive, emotional and interpersonal skills. The purpose of this research was to explore the effects of interethnic mentoring on minority youth. This research used a case study approach to explore the
Koni F. Denham
"You Have to Knock at the Door for the Door Get Open": Alternative Literacy Narratives and the Development of Textual Agency in Writing by Newly Literate Adults
This article is part of a project that involves case studies of four adults who attend an informal literacy center. I examine people's motivations to write when their main purpose is not to gain a degree or other credentials. Here I focus on one study member and how she uses writing to gain textual agency. By composing narratives that investigate…
Rosenberg, Lauren
Teaching Narrative Writing Using Comics: Delainey and Rasmussen, the Creators of "Betty," Share Their Composing Strategies as Rich Literacy Resources for Elementary Teachers
The author explores how comics texts and writing practices are rich literacy resources for educators. Few studies report on how teachers explore such texts and practices in their classrooms. The author examines how drawing improves students' narrative writing and presents findings from a 7-month case study of Delainey and Rasmussen's collaborative…
Nixon, Rhonda
Literacy & Libraries: Learning from Case Studies.
This book presents 22 personal narratives in which library directors, program administrators, teachers, tutors, librarians, and adult learners explain firsthand how literacy programs at libraries across the United States have changed people's lives. The following narratives are included: "Gloria's Story: 'She Wanted Me to Be Somebody'"; A Learner…
DeCandido, GraceAnne A., Ed.
Pathology Case Study: Lumbosacral Mass
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology where a boy aged 2 years presented with a swelling beneath the skin of the lower back, incontinence, bilateral leg weakness and a history of bilateral hip dislocation at birth. The case study provides imaging studies and histopathology in order to allow the user the opportunity to diagnose the patient. Clicking on the final diagnosis link will provide users with a discussion of the actual diagnosis along with important learning points as well as a list of references. This is an excellent resource for students in health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to develop a diagnosis. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in neuropathology.
Ellison, David W.; Ibrahim, A. E.; Lang, D. A.; Myles, L.
Treatment of posttraumatic arthrofibrosis of the radioulnar joint with vibration therapy (VMTX Vibromax Therapeutics(TM)): A case report and narrative review of literature
Objective To present the clinical features of post traumatic arthrofibrosis and response to treatment with Vibromax Therapeutics™ (VMTX™) in 28 year old male soccer player. Rationale Many studies have reported an increase in muscle performance after whole-body vibration, but to date none have evaluated the possibility of vibration application as a therapy for functional restoration after injury. Conclusions Vibration training is being utilized in, strength training, performance enhancement and rehabilitation. Despite the lack of research in this area, the literature that is currently available and the results of this case study imply that vibration therapy has the potential to aid in the management of acute soft tissue injury and the sequela of disuse and immobilization.
Macintyre, Ian; Kazemi, Mohsen
Narrative Inquiry and ELT Research
This chapter explores the contributions and potential of narrative inquiry in English language teaching. Two stories of experience\\u000a are presented and used as a touchstone throughout the chapter. We begin by discussing key terms—narrative inquiry and English language teaching and learning—to set boundaries for the review. The latter term led to a literature of learning of English as a second,
Joann Phillion; Ming Fang He
Pathology Case Study: Lymphoplasmacytic Infiltrate
This hematopathology case study, provided by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, is an excellent resource for students and instructors in the health science fields. This case involves a 40-year-old woman presenting with a nodule in the skin on the left jaw line. Images from a biopsy of the nodule provide conclusive information that contributes to the patientâÂÂs diagnosis. A description of these images, and the patientâÂÂs immunohistochemistry and molecular studies are also provided. The official final diagnosis is accompanied by a discussion of the contributing doctorâÂÂs findings and a list of references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose patientâÂÂs conditions.
Whisnant, Richard
Case study in Reunion Island
This paper presents the status of a case study that is being carried in Reunion Island, France, to investigate the opportunity to use a point-to-point wireless power transmission link to deliver electricity to a small isolated village called Grand-Bassin. The different steps followed since this case study was first started are briefly reminded. The last stage consisting in the development of an indoor industrial prototype is presented. Perspectives are given towards the emergence of a semi-private organization whose first role would be to evaluate the viability of the concept of using WPT as a way to extend the conventional electricity grid in order to provide energy to remote places not only in Reunion Island, but in many places around the world. This organization would also have as a role, to head the industrial engineering and development of point-to-point WPT prototype equipment.
Celeste, A.; Jeanty, P.; Pignolet, G.
Eco Audit Bottle Case Study
10 minute excerpt from a web seminar with Mike Ashby (February 2011) describes a case study that can be used to introduce sustainability concepts to introductory level students. Based on Powerpoint lecture unit 12 which can also be found on the Granta Design site at http://teaching.grantadesign.com/open/eco.htm or on MatDL at http://matdl.org/repository/view/matdl:1058.
Ashby, Mike
Continuing education case study quiz.
Goal- The goal of this program is to educate pharmacists about the use of teriflunomide for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives- At the completion of this program, the reader will be able to:Describe the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of teriflunomide.Discuss the risks associated with the use of teriflunomide.Discuss the potential benefit of teriflunomide for an individual patient.Apply the information on the use of teriflunomide to a case study. PMID:24421468
Continuing Education Case Study Quiz
Goal—The goal of this program is to educate pharmacists about the use of teriflunomide for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives—At the completion of this program, the reader will be able to:Describe the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of teriflunomide.Discuss the risks associated with the use of teriflunomide.Discuss the potential benefit of teriflunomide for an individual patient.Apply the information on the use of teriflunomide to a case study.
Pathology Case Study: Visual Disturbances
This is a neuropathology case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 49 year old woman has visual disturbances. Visitors are given the microscopic description, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using laboratory results to diagnose. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in neuropathology.
Bilbao, Juan M., 1938-; Horvath, Eva, Ph.D.; Kovacs, Kalman; Syro, Luis; Uribe, Humberto; Vidal, Sergio
What Can We Learn From Narratives in Medical Education?
Medical literature has demonstrated the effectiveness of narrative writing in enhancing self-reflection and empathy, which opens the door for deeper understanding of patients' experiences of illness. Similarly, it promotes practitioner well-being. Therefore, it is no surprise that narrative writing finds a new home in medical education. The Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), through its Outcome Project, established six core competencies that every residency program must teach. However, no specific pedagogies were suggested. We explored the role that narrative writing can play in reconciling the ACGME core competencies with daily encounters in medical education. Our study suggests a hidden wealth in reflective writing through narratives with a promising potential for application in medical education. Reflective writing may turn out to be an innovative tool for teaching and evaluating ACGME core competencies.
Johna, Samir; Woodward, Brandon; Patel, Sunal
Narratives of psychiatric malingering in works of fiction.
This paper argues that the representation of psychiatric malingering in literary and cinematographic narratives informs societal stereotypes, and thus influences the clinical phenomenology of malingering. The study aims to identify sociocultural models of malingering in contemporary Western society based on the narrative analysis of about 60 fictional and non-fiction texts. Two behavioural patterns derived from the Foucauldian categories folly and madness are recognisable in naďve conceptualisations of fake insanity. Fabricated significations of deviation originate in grand societal narratives rather than in medical discourse, and construct characters such as animal like underdeveloped simpletons or detached, irrational, violent madmen. Each pattern stems from its own archaic conceptual basis and dictates a distinct framework for strategies of malingering. The semiotic structure of artistic narratives of malingering is discussed in comparison with the symptomatology of existing psychiatric models. PMID:23673796
Kuperman, V
Learning from Stories: Narrative Interviewing in Cross-cultural Research
This paper argues for the importance of eliciting stories when trying to understand the point of view and personal experience of one's informants. It also outlines one approach to eliciting and analyzing narrative data as part of a complex and multi-faceted ethnographic study. The paper draws upon ethnographic research among African-American families who have children with serious illnesses or disabilities. However, it is not a report of research findings per se. Rather, it is primarily a conceptual paper that addresses narrative as a research method. Features that distinguish a story from other sorts of discourse are sketched and current discussions in the occupational therapy and social science literature concerning the importance of narrative are examined. The heart of the paper focuses on a single narrative interview and examines what we learn about the client and family caregiver perspective through stories.
Mattingly, Cheryl; Lawlor, Mary
What can we learn from narratives in medical education?
Medical literature has demonstrated the effectiveness of narrative writing in enhancing self-reflection and empathy, which opens the door for deeper understanding of patients' experiences of illness. Similarly, it promotes practitioner well-being. Therefore, it is no surprise that narrative writing finds a new home in medical education. The Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), through its Outcome Project, established six core competencies that every residency program must teach. However, no specific pedagogies were suggested. We explored the role that narrative writing can play in reconciling the ACGME core competencies with daily encounters in medical education. Our study suggests a hidden wealth in reflective writing through narratives with a promising potential for application in medical education. Reflective writing may turn out to be an innovative tool for teaching and evaluating ACGME core competencies. PMID:24867554
Five Misunderstandings About CaseStudy Research
This article examines five common misunderstandings about case-study research: (a) theoretical knowledge is more valuable than practical knowledge; (b) one cannot generalize from a single case, therefore, the single-case study cannot contribute to scientific development; (c) the case study is most useful for generating hypotheses, whereas other methods are more suitable for hypotheses testing and theory building; (d) the case
Bent Flyvbjerg; M S Sridhar
A multi-site single-blind clinical study to compare the effects of STAIR Narrative Therapy to treatment as usual among women with PTSD in public sector mental health settings: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Background This article provides a description of the rationale, design, and methods of a multisite clinical trial which evaluates the potential benefits of an evidence-based psychosocial treatment, STAIR Narrative Therapy, among women with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to interpersonal violence who are seeking services in public sector community mental health clinics. This is the first large multisite trial of an evidence-based treatment for PTSD provided in the context of community settings that are dedicated to the treatment of poverty-level patient populations. Methods The study is enrolling 352 participants in a minimum of 4 community clinics. Participants are randomized into either STAIR Narrative Therapy or Treatment As Usual (TAU). Primary outcomes are PTSD, emotion management and interpersonal problems. The study will allow a flexible application of the protocol determined by patient need and preferences. Secondary analyses will assess the relationship of outcomes to different patterns of treatment implementation for different levels of baseline symptom severity. Discussion The article discusses the rationale and study issues related to the use of a flexible delivery of a protocol treatment and of the selection of treatment as it is actually practiced in the community as the comparator. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01488539.
American Slave Narratives: An Online Anthology
This site provides a glimpse into the richness of African American History. American Slave Narratives, provided by the American Studies Program at the University of Virginia, contains a small sample of WPA (Works Progress Administration) interviews with former slaves conducted between 1936 and 1938. The small selections from twelve interviews are interesting in that the WPA interviewers tried to transcribe the subjects' dialect as they heard it.
Women in solidarity: Women's community work, the welfare state, and the politics of narrative identity in Mexico
Scholars from various disciplines have turned their attention to the study of narratives as the means to understand sociopolitical processes and the construction of the self. One line of inquiry argues that institutions such as medicine and the welfare state are constituted through narratives. Doctors, public health professionals, and state officials tell about their work through narratives. In doing so
Jesus Ramirez-valles
The Structure of Wolof Sufi Oral Narratives: Expanding the Labovian and Longacrean Models to Accommodate Wolof Oral Tradition
This dissertation investigates Wolof Sufi oral narrative structure and its relationship with the context of production of the narratives. The findings of this study indicate that the structure of these narratives is characterized by (1) the salience of the complicating action, (2) the presence a pre-story stage, which announces the general topic,…
Seck, Mamarame
Pathology Case Study: Pulmonary Nodules
This pediatric pathology case study, provided by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, is an excellent resource for students and instructors in the health science fields. The learning objectives located at the top of the page are a great way for students to evaluate their learning progress. This case involves a 12-year-old girl presenting with recurrent lung nodules. Images from chest x-rays and a lung biopsy provide conclusive information that contributes to the patientâÂÂs diagnosis. A description of these images is also provided. The official final diagnosis is accompanied by a discussion of the contributing doctorâÂÂs findings and a list of references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose patientâÂÂs conditions.
Arnold, Sonya; Hasegawa, Susan
Pathology Case Study: Cushing's Syndrome
The Department of Pathology at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center has compiled a wide range of pathology case studies to aid students and instructors in the medical/health science field. This particular case involves a 41 year-old woman experiencing the following symptoms for a period of 18 months: fatigue, weakness, lethargy, and decreased concentration. The patientâÂÂs history, description of CT scans, and images from histological examinations, which contributed to the conclusive diagnosis, are all provided here for your review. The contributing doctors provide a detailed discussion of the patientâÂÂs condition in the âÂÂFinal Diagnosisâ section. Students will find this resource especially helpful, as it provides experience with patient history, lab results, and diagnostics.
Dacic, Sanja; Rajan, Prabha B.
"We Just Don't Have the Possibility Yet": U.S. Latina/o Narratives on Study Abroad
Whether indirectly from governmental and non-governmental organizations or directly from higher education institutions, students receive messages that they should study abroad. Studying in a foreign country is considered essential if students are to be marketable to future employers and prepared to lead the U.S. into a new era. Despite the…
McClure, Kevin R.; Szelenyi, Katalin; Niehaus, Elizabeth; Anderson, Aeriel A.; Reed, Jeffrey
Enhancing family resilience through family narrative co-construction.
We draw upon family resilience and narrative theory to describe an evidence-based method for intervening with military families who are impacted by multiple wartime deployments and psychological, stress-related, or physical parental injuries. Conceptual models of familial resilience provide a guide for understanding the mechanics of how families respond and recover from exposure to extreme events, and underscore the role of specific family processes and interaction patterns in promoting resilient capabilities. Leading family theorists propose that the family's ability to make meaning of stressful and traumatic events and nurture protective beliefs are critical aspects of resilient adaptation. We first review general theoretical and empirical research contributions to understanding family resilience, giving special attention to the circumstances, challenges, needs, and strengths of American military families. Therapeutic narrative studies illustrate the processes through which family members acquire meaning-making capacities, and point to the essential role of parents' in facilitating discussions of stressful experiences and co-constructing coherent and meaningful narratives. This helps children to make sense of these experiences and develop capacities for emotion regulation and coping. Family-based narrative approaches provide a structured opportunity to elicit parents' and children's individual narratives, assemble divergent storylines into a shared family narrative, and thereby enhance members' capacity to make meaning of stressful experiences and adopt beliefs that support adaptation and growth. We discuss how family narratives can help to bridge intra-familial estrangements and re-engage communication and support processes that have been undermined by stress, trauma, or loss. We conclude by describing a family-based narrative intervention currently in use with thousands of military children and families across the USA. PMID:23797387
Saltzman, William R; Pynoos, Robert S; Lester, Patricia; Layne, Christopher M; Beardslee, William R
When all children comprehend: increasing the external validity of narrative comprehension development research.
Narratives, also called stories, can be found in conversations, children's play interactions, reading material, and television programs. From infancy to adulthood, narrative comprehension processes interpret events and inform our understanding of physical and social environments. These processes have been extensively studied to ascertain the multifaceted nature of narrative comprehension. From this research we know that three overlapping processes (i.e., knowledge integration, goal structure understanding, and causal inference generation) proposed by the constructionist paradigm are necessary for narrative comprehension, narrative comprehension has a predictive relationship with children's later reading performance, and comprehension processes are generalizable to other contexts. Much of the previous research has emphasized internal and predictive validity; thus, limiting the generalizability of previous findings. We are concerned these limitations may be excluding underrepresented populations from benefits and implications identified by early comprehension processes research. This review identifies gaps in extant literature regarding external validity and argues for increased emphasis on externally valid research. We highlight limited research on narrative comprehension processes in children from low-income and minority populations, and argue for changes in comprehension assessments. Specifically, we argue both on- and off-line assessments should be used across various narrative types (e.g., picture books, televised narratives) with traditionally underserved and underrepresented populations. We propose increasing the generalizability of narrative comprehension processes research can inform persistent reading achievement gaps, and have practical implications for how children learn from narratives. PMID:24659973
Burris, Silas E; Brown, Danielle D
Will It Never End? The Narratives of Incest Victims on the Termination of Sexual Abuse
The aim of this study is to investigate how child sexual abuse is terminated. This study attempts to gain insight into how people exposed to incest narrate the termination of the incest relationship. Seven women and one man were recruited from the Incest Support Centre and from snowballing for a 1–2-hour-long in-depth interview using a narrative approach. The subjects' narratives
Erlend Lorentzen; Hĺvard Nilsen; Bente Traeen
Case Study: A Case of Spinal Cord Injury
This is a case study for undergraduate students in anatomy, physiology, and/or anatomy and physiology. In particular this case study explores anatomy and physiology associated with spinal cord injury (plegia, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, dermatome, stretch reflex). Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
David Dean (Spring Hill College Biology)
Case Study: A Case of Seasonal Affective Disorder
This is a case study for undergraduate students in anatomy, physiology, and/or anatomy and physiology. In particular this case study explores anatomy and physiology associated with seasonal affective disorder (retina, pineal gland, melatonin). Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
Case Study: An Unusual Case of Animal Reproduction
This is a case study for undergraduate and graduate students in biology and can be adapted for anatomy, physiology, and/or anatomy and physiology courses. In particular this case study explores anatomy and physiology associated with reproductive biology. Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
Joann B Powell (Clark Atlanta University Biological Sciences)
Case study research: design and methods
Providing a complete portal to the world of case study research, the Fourth Edition of Robert K. Yin's bestselling text Case Study Research offers comprehensive coverage of the design and use of the case study method as a valid research tool. This thoroughly revised text now covers more than 50 case studies (approximately 25\\\\% new), gives fresh attention to quantitative
Robert K. Yin; M S Sridhar
The Narrative-Communication Structure in Interactive Narrative Works
Interactive work on new media platforms differs from familiar work on more traditional media, such as literature, theatre, cinema and television, in terms of their narrative-communication situation. Interactive works, unlike cinematic works, allow the viewer to participate to a different extent, involving a reciprocal communication process. In this paper I propose a bi-directional communication structure for interactive storytelling systems, based on narratology theory and communication film theory. I adapt existing narrative-communication models of conventional media, mainly those of Seymour Chatman and Vivian Sobchack, to suggest a detailed narrative-communication model for interactive storytelling systems, which would facilitate the formulation of a better definition of the various constituent elements of interactive storytelling communication, and the functions they fulfill.
Ben-Arie, Udi
Pathology Case Study: Intrasellar Lesion
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 59-year-old woman with a three-year history of headache and fatigue is determined to have an intrasellar non contrast-enhancing lesion. Visitors are given the clinical history and microscopic description, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in neuropathology.
Deckert, Martina; Hans, Volkmar H.; Kristof, Rudolf A.; Urbach, Horst
Pathology Case Study: Cervical Adenopathy
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, which describes a 78-year-old male who presented with a 6 month history of cervical adenopathy. Visitors are given patient history, microscopic description, differential diagnosis, and immunohistochemistry, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. A "Final Diagnosis" section provides a discussion of the findings as well as references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in hematopathology.
Craig, Fiona; Krishnamurti, Uma
Pathology Case Study: Renal Mass
This is a pediatric pathology case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 19-month-old boy has a renal mass. Visitors are given both the microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using laboratory results to diagnose. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in pediatric pathology.
Christakos, Peter; Dickman, Paul S.
Pathology Case Study: Chronic Sinusitis
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a man reported a history of chronic sinusitis that was not responding to nasal and antibiotic treatments. Visitors can view both microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and have the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to introduce or test students of head and neck pathology.
Becich, Michael J.; Fowler, Jason C.
Pathology Case Study: Lung Mass
The Department of Pathology at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center has compiled a wide range of pathology case studies to aid students and instructors in learning. A 59-year-old patient with a history of smoking was admitted for a biopsy of his recently transplanted liver. Laboratory results, X-ray images, microscopic descriptions and images are provided to aid in the understanding of the final diagnosis. The doctor's official conclusions and references are included in the "Final Diagnosis" section. Students entering health sciences fields will find this resource very helpful, as it provides experience with patient history, lab results and diagnostics.
Bastacky, Sheldon; Holst, Valerie
Pathology Case Study: Transfusion Reaction
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a young woman experienced vomiting, dizziness, headaches, and change of mental status due to conjunctival petechiae. Visitors are given the transfusion reaction investigation, and have the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in transfusion pathology.
Johnson, Douglas R.; Triulzi, Darrell
Pathology Case Study: Renal Insufficiency
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 65-year-old woman with systemic rheumatoid arthritis has developed renal insufficiency. Visitors are given the gross and microscopic descriptions, electron microscopy exam results, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in renal pathology.
Bastacky, Sheldon; Wang, Jianzhou
Pathology Case Study: Macrocytic Anemia
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which an older man suffering from chronic bronchitis and macrocytic anemia also developed persistent flu symptoms. Visitors view the microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and have the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in hematopathology.
Bahler, David; Kulich, Scott; Shekhter-Levin, Sofia
Pathology Case Study: Testicular Mass
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 18-year-old male with "painless enlargement of the right testes over a period of several months, initially attributed to a sports injury." Visitors are given admission data along with gross and microscopic description, including images and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in genitourinary pathology.
Fowler, Jason C.; Halpern, Melissa B.; Rao, Uma N.
Pathology Case Study: Pigmented Lesion
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 69-year-old man has a pigmented lesion on his right ear. Visitors are given the patient history and microscopic description, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in dermatologic pathology.
Ejadi, Samuel
Pathology Case Study: Abdominal Mass
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which an older woman developed a renal mass without evidence of angiomyolipoma. Visitors are given both the microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in endocrine pathology.
Hardy, Hunter T.
Pathology Case Study: Mediastinal Mass
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a man complained of diaphoresis nausea and substernal chest pain through his left arm. Subsequent tests revealed a mediastinal mass with both fatty and solid components. Visitors can view both microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and have the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to introduce or test students of soft tissue pathology.
Fowler, Jason C.; Rao, Uma N.
Pathology Case Study: Dilated Cardiomyopathy
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a man presented with a large range of symptoms from chills and fever to underdeveloped calf muscles. Visitors are given both the microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in cardiovascular pathology.
Defrances, Marie C.; Lee, Robert E.
Pathology Case Study: Back Pain
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, which describes a 62-year-old woman who presented with two months of back pain. Visitors are given patient history, laboratory findings, along with gross and microscopic descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. A "Final Diagnosis" section provides a discussion of the findings as well as references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in pulmonary pathology.
Lu, Zhengbin; Schoedel, Karen
Pathology Case Study: Hepatitis C
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 43-year-old male with Hepatitis C has had a laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed. Visitors are given both the microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in transplant pathology.
Richert, Charles A.
Pathology Case Study: Gait Disorders
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, which describes a 62-year-old woman with a 20-year history of gait disorders and dizziness. Visitors are given patient history, laboratory findings, along with microscopic descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. A "Final Diagnosis" section provides a discussion of the findings as well as references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in neuropathology.
Pathology Case Study: Intraventricaular Mass
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 4-year-old girl has a three-month history of headache, nausea, and vomiting. Visitors are given both the microscopic description and radiographs, including the images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in neuropathology.
Christakos, Peter; Hamilton, Ronald
Pathology Case Study: Coccygeal Mass
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 60-year-old man has a recently enlarging coccygeal mass. Visitors are given both the microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in skeletal and soft tissue pathology.
Horn, Kevin D.
Pathology Case Study: Axillary Mass
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 81-year-old woman has a five centimeter axillary mass. Visitors are given the microscopic description and immunohistochemical findings, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in hematopathology.
Pathology Case Study: Maculopapular Rash
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 38-year-old woman with a history of morbid obesity and gastric bypass surgery complains of fatigue, sore throat, and rash. Visitors are given the physical examination results and microscopic descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in dermatologic pathology.
Flynn, Kevin J.; Malone, Mark
Pathology Case Study: Liver Transplant
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 34-year-old is experiencing complications following a liver transplant. Visitors are given both the microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in transplant pathology.
Pathology Case Study: Abdominal Pain
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 65-year-old man is complaining of abdominal pain. Visitors are given the radiology, gross and microscopic descriptions, flow cytometry, and molecular diagnostics, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in hematopathology.
Latulippe, Steven; Ohori, N. P.
Pathology Case Study: Pulmonary Hypertension
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 20-year-old man has a history of pulmonary hypertension. Visitors are given both the microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in cardiovascular pathology.
Pathology Case Study: Pancreatic Mass
This is a case study presented by the University of Utah Department of Pathology in which a woman developed jaundice while on vacation. Subsequent testing revealed a pancreatic mass. Visitors can view both microscopic and gross descriptions, including images, and have the opportunity to diagnose the patient. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to introduce or test students of autopsy pathology.
Klatt, Edward C., 1951-
Implicit and Explicit Mechanisms of Word Learning in a Narrative Context: An Event-related Potential Study
The vast majority of word meanings are learned simply by extracting them from context rather than by rote memorization or explicit instruction. Although this skill is remarkable, little is known about the brain mechanisms involved. In the present study, ERPs were recorded as participants read stories in which pseudowords were presented multiple times, embedded in consistent, meaningful contexts (referred to
Laura Batterink; Helen Neville
The potential contributing effect of ketorolac and fluoxetine to a spinal epidural hematoma following a cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection: a case report and narrative review.
Cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injections (ESIs) are commonly performed as one part of a multi-modal analgesic regimen in the management of upper extremity radicular pain. Spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) is a rare complication with a reported incidence ranging from 1.38 in 10,000 to 1 in 190,000 epidurals. Current American Society of Regional Anesthesia (ASRA), American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians (ASIPP), and the International Spine Intervention Society (ISIS) recommendations are that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) do not need to be withheld prior to epidural anesthesia. We report a case wherein intramuscular ketorolac and oral fluoxetine contributed to a SEH and tetraplegia following a cervical interlaminar (ESI). A 66 year-old woman with chronic renal insufficiency and neck pain radiating into her right upper extremity presented for evaluation and was deemed an appropriate CESI candidate. Cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multi-level neuroforaminal stenosis and degenerative intervertebral discs. Utilizing a loss of resistance to saline technique, an 18-gauge Tuohy-type needle entered the epidural space at C6-7. After negative aspiration, 4 mL of saline with 80 mg of methyl-prednisolone was injected. Immediately thereafter, the patient reported significant spasmodic-type localized neck pain with no neurologic status changes. A decision was made to administer 30 mg intramuscular ketorolac as treatment for the spasmodic-type pain. En route home, she developed a sudden onset of acute tetraplegia. She was brought to the emergency department for evaluation including platelet and coagulation studies which were normal. MRI demonstrated an epidural hematoma extending from C5 to T7. She underwent a bilateral C5-T6 laminectomy with epidural hematoma evacuation and was discharged to an acute inpatient rehabilitation hospital. Chronic renal insufficiency, spinal stenosis, female gender, and increasing age have been identified as risk factors for SEH following epidural anesthesia. In the present case, it is postulated that after the spinal vascular system was penetrated, hemostasis was compromised by the combined antiplatelet effects of ketorolac, fluoxetine, fish oil, and vitamin E. Although generally well tolerated, the role of ketorolac, a potent anti-platelet medication used for pain relief in the peri-neuraxial intervention period, should be seriously scrutinized when other analgesic options are readily available. Although the increased risk of bleeding for the alternative medications are minimal, they are nevertheless well documented. Additionally, their additive impairment on hemostasis has not been well characterized. Withholding NSAIDs, fluoxetine, fish oil, and vitamin E in the peri-procedural period is relatively low risk and should be considered for all patients with multiple risk factors for SEH. PMID:24850120
Chien, George C Chang; McCormick, Zack; Araujo, Marco; Candido, Kenneth D
Physiologic amputation: a case study.
Acute limb ischemia is a complication of severe peripheral arterial disease that can be a threatening limb as well as life. Multiple procedures exist today to help revascularize extremities; however, even with the latest technologies, surgical amputation of the limb may still be necessary. Cryoamputation, or physiologic amputation, is a method used to treat patients who are hemodynamically unstable for the operating room and who are in need of urgent amputation owing to arterial ischemia. This procedure is used in the rare instance where not only a persons' limb is threatened, but also their life. This is a case study regarding one patient who presented to the hospital with limb-threatening ischemia who became hemodynamically unstable owing to the rhabdomyolysis associated with the ischemia of his lower extremity. Cryoamputation was used to stabilize the patient and prevent further deterioration, so that he could safely undergo surgical amputation of the limb without an increase in mortality risk. Cryoamputation must be followed by formal surgical amputation when the patient is hemodynamically stabilized. It is not a limb salvaging, procedure but it is a life-saving procedure. This case study demonstrates the usefulness of the procedure and discusses the technique used for cryoamputation. PMID:24534085
Long, Jeri; Hall, Virginia
Pathology Case Study: Cerebellar Mass
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, which describes a 16-year-old female who presented with a seven-month history of headaches and difficulty with gait. Visitors are given examination findings, imaging studies, and pathological findings, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. A "Diagnosis and Discussion" section provides the findings, discussion of the disease, along with references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in neuropathology.
Cummings, Thomas J.; Ebert, Robert H.; McLendon, Roger E., 1957-; Provenzale, James M.
Do better stories make better memories? Narrative quality and memory accuracy in preschool children
SUMMARY The present study examines how the quality of children's narratives relates to the accuracy of those narratives. Sixty-one 3- to 5-year-olds played a novel game with a researcher in their schools. Children were questioned in an interview that included an open-ended free recall prompt followed by a series of directed questions. Children's narratives were coded for volume, complexity and
Sarah Kulkofsky; Qi Wang; Stephen J. Ceci
Case Study: Wake-up Call
This is a case study for undergraduate students in anatomy and/or physiology. In particular this case study explores the cardiovascular system . Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
Lisa Marie Rubin (VA Western New York Health System Formulary Management)
Case Study: Wearing on Her Nerves
This is a case study for undergraduate students in anatomy and/or physiology. In particular this case study explores the nervous and muscular system . Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
Kathleen Brown (CUNY Queensborough Community College Nursing/Massage Therapy)
Case Study: What Happened to 28 Days?
This is a case study for undergraduate students in anatomy and/or physiology. In particular this case study explores female reproductive physiology. Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
Tamar Goulet (University of Mississippi Biology)
The development of narrative identity in late adolescence and emergent adulthood: the continued importance of listeners.
Research on narrative identity in late adolescence and early adulthood has not extensively examined how conversational storytelling affects the development of narrative identity. This is a major gap, given the importance of this age period for narrative identity development and the clear importance of parent-child conversations in the development of narrative identity. The authors present a series of 3 studies (n = 220) examining how late adolescents and early adults construct narrative identity in ways that are shaped by their listeners. The findings suggest that late adolescents and early adults construct more meaning-laden, interpretive accounts of their everyday experiences when they converse with responsive friends. Further, even within this sample's abbreviated age range, the authors found evidence for age-related increases in the factual content of personal memories. Such findings illuminate the importance of friends in the construction of narrative identity during this key developmental period. PMID:19271839
Pasupathi, Monisha; Hoyt, Timothy
A Formal Semantics for Protocol Narrations
Protocol narrations are a widely-used informal means to describe, in an idealistic manner, the functioning of cryptographic protocols as a single intended sequence of cryptographic message exchanges among the protocol's participants. Protocol narrations have also been informally \\
Sébastien Briais; Uwe Nestmann
Narratives of Friendship and Self in Adolescence
Gender and self-esteem provide lenses through which early and late adolescents construct their narratives of ideal and actual friendships. These narratives provide a unique window into the dynamics of adolescents' friendships during school transitions.
Azmitia, Margarita; Ittel, Angela; Radmacher, Kimberley
Clover: Narratives and Simulations in Virtual Environments
A newly developed software application (Clover) is presented for constructing animated narrative vignette. The results have indicated that Clover is a viable tool for providing the process of self discovery, cognitions and identity by using animated narrative vignette simulations.
Tettegah, Sharon; Bailey, Brian P.; Taylor, Kona
Constructing Reflexive Fieldwork Relationships: Narrating My Collaborative Storytelling Methodology
The interpretive ethnographic literature makes a strong case for new and experimental approaches to narrative, by documenting the interpretive practices through which social realities are created and observed. These stylistic textual forms create a context for a deep, emotional understanding of lived experience. During my PhD dissertation on…
Mahoney, Dan
The curious case of case study: a viewpoint
Case study is widely referred to and applied within social research, but its status remains unclear. Is it a method, a methodology, a strategy, a design, an approach or what? What does its employment in social research signify? This article critically reviews both the generic social research methods literature, and the work of two of case study's most fervent recent
Malcolm Tight
Counter-memory activism in the aftermath of tragedy: a case study of the Westray Families Group.
Narratives are critical to how people understand themselves and the significant events of their lives. Drawing upon social memory theory and the social constructionist approach to social problems, this study provides a narrative analysis of the counter-memory activism of the Westray Families Group (WFG), which formed after 26 men died in the 1992 Westray mine explosion (Plymouth, NS). Against alternative explanations promoted by more powerful stakeholders, the WFG adopted and weaved a corporate negligence narrative into their commemorative activism. This study illustrates how a small families group can draw reflexively upon and reshape cultural scripts to narrate how others should remember and respond to key events. PMID:21595369
Verberg, Norine; Davis, Christopher G
Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy
Started in 2005, the peer-reviewed, open-access journal Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy (PCSP) provides "innovative, quantitative and qualitative knowledge about psychotherapy process and outcome, for both researchers and practitioners." The publication is sponsored by the Rutgers University Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, and first-time visitors can get a feel for their work by looking over the table of contents of the current issue on the right-hand side of their homepage. Visitors should also feel free to browse through the archives, register to receive the latest edition of PCSP via email, and also learn about their submission policies. Additionally, visitors can also sign up for their RSS feed and create their own collection of PCSP articles.
Pathology Case Study: Stillborn Fetus
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology which presents a 29 year old Hispanic woman who delivered a stillborn fetus with a estimated gestation of 29 weeks. Visitors are provided with patient history along with gross and microscopic descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. A "Final Diagnosis" section provides a discussion of the findings as well as references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in perinatal pathology.
Klatt, Edward C., 1951-; Mccune, Ryan
Pathology Case Study: Pulmonary Mass
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, which describes "a 46-year-old gentleman with a persistent right lower lobe pulmonary mass after a successfully treated cavitary pneumonia 5 months ago." Visitors are given patient history along with radiology findings and images. They are also given gross and microscopic descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. A "Final Diagnosis" section provides a discussion of the findings as well as references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in pulmonary pathology.
Gregorio, Remigio; Johnson, Douglas R.; Nodit, Laurentia; Yousem, Sam
Pathology Case Study: Abdominal Distention
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, which describes a 60-year-old woman who presented with a history of marked abdominal distention lasted for several months with associated progressive fatigue, progressive weight loss and fever. Visitors are given patient history along with gross and microscopic descriptions, including images, and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. A "Final Diagnosis" section provides a discussion of the findings as well as references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in soft tissue pathology.
Rao, Uma N.; Sepulveda, Antonia; Yu, Hongbo
Case Study: The Headwaters Controversy
This textbook chapter presents a real case study involving the the logging of an old stand forest from three perspectives, that of the environmentalists, the wood products industry, and a politician. An associated writing activity engages students in reviewing the different viewpoints, and writing a "letter to the editor" for or against the logging of old growth forest. This is chapter 3 in the unit, A New World View, which introduces global systems science, emphasizing the concepts of environmental diversity, Earth as a system, and sustainability. The resource includes a textbook chapter, integrated hands-on and inquiry activities, links to current news articles, and a suite of pre- and post-unit assessments. A teacher's guide supports classroom use. The resource is part of Global Systems Science (GSS), an interdisciplinary course for high school students that emphasizes how scientists from a wide variety of fields work together to understand significant problems of global impact.
Pathology Case Study: Breast Mass
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 54 year-old woman presented with a âÂÂleft breast nodule.â Visitors are given the patientâÂÂs history, mammogram image, and the results from a fine needle aspiration (including images), and are given the opportunity to diagnose the patient. Students can check their conclusions by clicking on the âÂÂFinal Diagnosisâ section, which provides a thorough explanation of the diagnosis and treatment. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease.
Deal, Karen; Kanbour, Anisa; Nath, Manju E.
Pathology Case Study: Dog Bites
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, which describes a 56-year-old male with a past medical history significant for lymphoma (in remission). The patient is a health care worker who presented to the emergency room because of a dog bite. Visitors are given a patient history and culture findings, including images. They are also given an opportunity to diagnose the patient before clicking on the "Final Diagnosis" section, which provides a discussion of the findings as well as references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student learning in clinical microbiology.
Iscoll, Eileen; Lourduraj, Leena T.; Pasculle, A. W.
Becoming a Nazi: A model for narrative networks
This article illustrates a strategy for representing and analyzing narratives as networks. The strategy that we use considers narrative sequences as networks. Elements are treated as nodes which are connected by narrative clauses, represented by arcs. By representing complex event sequences as networks, inducing 'narrative networks', it is possible to observe and measure new structural features of narratives. The narratives
Peter S. Bearman; Katherine Stovel
Narrative: Problems and Promises of an Alternative Paradigm.
Discusses the recent interest in using narrative in research, examining the scope of the concept of narrative, the generic categories of narrative and discourse, difficulties defining narrative, persistent fallacies in narratological analysis, narrative as discursive reality, the problem of efficacy in narrative conventions and human action, and…
Brockmeier, Jens; Harre, Rom
Narrative Learning: Its Contours and Its Possibilities
So, what exactly is narrative learning? And why should adult educators know about it and use it in practice? Well, the short answer to both questions is that one makes sense of all experience by narrating it (constructing it as a kind of story), so understanding how narrative works will make the practice of adult educators more effective. But…
Clark, M. Carolyn
Review of Narrative Therapy: Research and Utility.
Narrative therapy has captured the attention of many in the family counseling field. Despite the apparent appeal of narrative therapy as a therapeutic modality, research on its effectiveness is in its infancy. This article will review current research on narrative therapy and discuss why a broader research base has yet to be developed. Suggestions…
Etchison, Mary; Kleist, David M.
Fatigue, worry, and fear--life events in the narratives of women with fibromyalgia.
In this article we explored narrated life stories of 20 women with a long history of fibromyalgia to reach a deeper understanding of how people interpret the causes and consequences of different life events and illness experiences. Based on narrative analysis, we identified three model narratives that illustrate the different life courses of women with fibromyalgia. In addition, we described a counternarrative that questions fibromyalgia as a chronic disease. In this narrative study, we give insights to the invisible symptoms and unheard experiences that are associated with fibromyalgia and to the ongoing discussion on the etiology and maintenance of fibromyalgia. PMID:22497330
Sallinen, Merja; Kukkurainen, Marja Leena; Peltokallio, Liisa; Mikkelsson, Marja; Anderberg, Ulla Maria
Case study as a research method
Although case study methods remain a controversial approach to data collection, they are widely recognised in many social science studies especially when in-depth explanations of a social behaviour are sought after. This article, therefore, discusses several aspects of case studies as a research method. These include the design and categories of case studies and how their robustness can be achieved.
Zaidah Zainal
Linguistic and pragmatic aspects of narration in Finnish typically developing children and children with specific language impairment.
Abstract This study investigates narratives of Finnish children with specific language impairment (SLI) from linguistic and pragmatic perspectives, in order to get a comprehensive overview of these children's narrative abilities. Nineteen children with SLI (mean age 6;1 years) and 19 typically developing age-matched children participated in the study. Their picture-elicited narrations were analysed for linguistic productivity and complexity, grammatical and referential accuracy, event content, the use of mental state expressions and narrative comprehension. Children with SLI showed difficulties in every aspect of narration in comparison to their peers. Only one measure of productivity, the number of communication units, did not reach statistical significance. Not only was linguistic structure fragile but also pragmatic aspects of storytelling (referencing, event content, mental state expressions and inferencing) were demanding for children with SLI. Results suggest that pragmatic aspects of narration should be taken into account more often when assessing narrative abilities of children with SLI. PMID:24446795
Mäkinen, Leena; Loukusa, Soile; Laukkanen, Päivi; Leinonen, Eeva; Kunnari, Sari
The case for case studies in management research
It is commonly asserted that qualitative research in the organizational sciences lacks the rigor and objectivity of the quantitative approach. Case studies, while commonly used for educational purposes, have been viewed in a less favorable light in terms of research. This paper suggests that case studies represent an important research track in organizational science, not only as a method of
Eric Patton; Steven H. Appelbaum
"Clicker" Cases: Introducing Case Study Teaching into Large Classrooms
Case study teaching is difficult in large classes, especially in fixed-seat amphitheaters. The development of audience response systems, or "clickers," for use in classrooms has opened up exciting new possibilities for creating and implementing interactive case studies, particularly in large introductory science courses.
Escape Velocity: A Narrative Short
This thesis book describes the development and production of Escape Velocity, a short narrative film. The writing, pre-production, shooting, and editing of the film are reviewed. Script drafts and a final budget are included in the appendices. The film concerns Larry Pipe and Percy Knuckle, best friends who dream of moving to Barbados. They hope to open a beachside bar
Joshua Trotter
The Structure of Narrative Retelling.
The analysis of story recall, a device used widely in reading research to gauge comprehension, typically involves a process of mapping recall against the original story. The process is based on the assumption that subjects are aiming for verbatim recall. To test the validity of this assumption, an analysis was conducted of 20 narrative retellings,…
Kalmbach, James
An Ethics Primer: Case Studies Teaching Background
This resource is a PDF that provides a short introduction to case studies and strategies having to do with Ethics instruction. The PDF describes an overview of case study methodology that can be used with a wide variety of scenarios.
Use of Headings and Classifications by Physicians in Medical Narratives of EHRs
Objective The purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate patient care documentation by hospital physicians in EHRs and especially the use of national headings and classifications in these documentations Material and Methods The initial material consisted of a random sample of 3,481 medical narratives documented in EHRs during the period 2004-2005 in one department of a Finnish central hospital. The final material comprised a subset of 1,974 medical records with a focus on consultation requests and consultation responses by two specialist groups from 871 patients. This electronic documentation was analyzed using deductive content analyses and descriptive statistics. Results The physicians documented patient care in EHRs principally as narrative text. The medical narratives recorded by specialists were structured with headings in less than half of the patient cases. Consultation responses in general were more often structured with headings than consultation requests. The use of classifications was otherwise insignificant, but diagnoses were documented as ICD 10 codes in over 50% of consultation responses by both medical specialties. Conclusion There is an obvious need to improve the structuring of narrative text with national headings and classifications. According to the findings of this study, reason for care, patient history, health status, follow-up care plan and diagnosis are meaningful headings in physicians' documentation. The existing list of headings needs to be analyzed within a consistent unified terminology system as a basis for further development. Adhering to headings and classifications in EHR documentation enables patient data to be shared and aggregated. The secondary use of data is expected to improve care management and quality of care.
Hayrinen, K.; Harno, K.; Nykanen, P.
Struggles of being and becoming: a dialogical narrative analysis of the life stories of Sami elderly.
The Sami are an indigenous people living in Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. Historically, national states have made strong efforts to assimilate the Sami people into the majority populations, and the Sami have experienced stigmatization and discrimination. However, after World War II, there has been a revitalization process among the Sami that was pioneered by the Sami Movement and gradually adopted in broader spheres of Norwegian society. The lifespans of the current cohort of elderly Sami unfold throughout a historical period in which contrasting public narratives about the Sami have dominated. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between elderly Sami's individual life stories and contrasting public narratives about the Sami. Nineteen elderly Sami individuals in Norway were interviewed. This article is a dialogical narrative analysis of the life stories of four elderly Sami. The article illuminates how individual life stories are framed and shaped by public narratives and how identifying is an ongoing process also in late life. A dialogical relationship between individual life stories and public narratives implies that individual stories have the capacity to shape and revise dominant public narratives. To do so, the number of stories that are allowed to act must be increased. A commitment in dialogic narrative research on minority elderly is to make available individual stories from the margins of the public narratives to reduce narrative silences and to prevent the reproduction of established "truths". PMID:23849424
Blix, Bodil Hansen; Hamran, Torunn; Normann, Hans Ketil
Case-control studies: basic concepts.
The purpose of this article is to present in elementary mathematical and statistical terms a simple way to quickly and effectively teach and understand case-control studies, as they are commonly done in dynamic populations-without using the rare disease assumption. Our focus is on case-control studies of disease incidence ('incident case-control studies'); we will not consider the situation of case-control studies of prevalent disease, which are published much less frequently. PMID:23045208
Vandenbroucke, Jan P; Pearce, Neil
Macrostructure in the Narratives of Estonian Children with Typical Development and Language Impairment
Purpose: This study examined the macrostructure in Estonian children's narratives according to the story grammar (SG) model. The study's aims were to determine whether differences exist in narrative macrostructure between Estonian- and English-speaking children, among typically developed (TD) children, and between children with and without…
Soodla, Piret; Kikas, Eve
Analysis of Narrative Texts in Secondary School Textbooks in Terms of Values Education
Texts have a crucial place in language education and probably they are the most important means of education. Students at the primary and secondary education ages mostly read narrative texts like short stories, poems and fictional books. This study attempts to assess value transfer in narrative texts at the secondary education textbooks. Our study…
Sallabas, Muhammed Eyyup
God on the Gallows: Reading the Holocaust through Narratives of Redemption
"Where is God now?" is a question from the Holocaust memoir "Night" by Elie Wiesel and an underlying narrative dilemma for the teachers and most student participants in this qualitative study of three Holocaust units in secondary English classrooms in the Midwestern United States. Using a narrative theory framework, this study explores how…
Spector, Karen
The Politics of Joking: Narratives of Humour and Joking among Adults with Asperger's Syndrome
The purpose of this article is to analyse how humour and narratives about humour are used in a natural group of adults with Asperger's syndrome. Narratives about humour and use of humour in the group are analysed from a discursive psychological perspective, informed by insights from both disability studies and critical autism studies. The setting…
Rosqvist, Hanna Bertilsdotter
What the Stories Children Tell Can Tell About Their Memory: Narrative Skill and Young Children's Suggestibility
The authors examined the relation between children's narrative ability, which has been identified as an important contributor to memory development, and suggestibility. Across 2 studies, a total of 112 preschool-aged children witnessed a staged event and were subsequently questioned suggestively. Results from Study 1 indicated that children's ability to provide a high-quality narrative of the event was related to resistance
Sarah Kulkofsky; J. Zoe Klemfuss
Telling Stories in Two Languages: Narratives of Bilingual Preschool Children with Typical and Impaired Language
Two studies investigated five- and six-year-old preschool children's narrative production in an attempt to show how LI may impinge on narrative production in measurable ways. Study 1 analyzed renderings of familiar stories for group (typical language development vs. language impairment), story content (Jungle Book/Goldilocks) and language…
Iluz-Cohen, Peri; Walters, Joel
Chinese Teachers' Evaluation Criteria as Reflected in Narrative Student Evaluations: Implications for Psychological Services in Schools
To increase school psychologists' understanding of school contextual culture in China, this study used a qualitative research method to investigate 30 Chinese elementary school teachers' evaluation criteria as reflected in narrative student evaluations. In the study, 450 narrative student evaluations were coded and analysed. Overall, results…
Ni, Hong; Jones, Constance; Bruning, Roger
Understanding the Glue of Narrative Structure: Children's On- and Off-Line Inferences about Characters' Goals
Because characters' goals play a key role in the structure of narratives, the ability to make inferences about goals is essential to narrative comprehension. Despite their importance, no previous studies have examined the process by which children make these goal inferences. In the current study, we examined 6- and 8-year-old children's goal…
Lynch, Julie S.; van den Broek, Paul
Business and Consumer Education Case Studies.
This publication contains 58 case studies for classroom use in teaching various business and consumer education subjects at the high school level. A supplement to a previous Phi Chapter publication, "Office Education Case Studies" (1973), the case studies are intended to create class discussions and help students acquire the ability to analyze…
Delta Pi Epsilon, Minneapolis, Minn. Phi Chapter.
Qualitative Case Study in Gifted Education.
From case study articles drawn from four journals in gifted education, two are identified as exemplars of qualitative case study research. The works of Coleman (2001) and Hebert and Beardsley (2001) are used to illustrate how researchers can plan qualitative case studies so that the perspectives of gifted students are included. (Contains…
Mendaglio, Sal
Case Study: The Chemistry of Cocaine
This column provides original articles on innovations in case study teaching, assessment of the method, as well as case studies with teaching notes. This month's case study focuses on the chemistry of cocaine to teach a number of core concepts in organic chemistry. It also requires that students read and analyze an original research paper on…
Dewprashad, Brahmadeo
Pathology Case Study: Immunoglobulin Deficiency
This is a case study presented by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology in which a 60-year-old man was admitted to the Emergency Department with severe back pain. The patientâÂÂs medical history and detailed description of her symptoms after admittance to the hospital are included in the âÂÂPatient Historyâ section. Results from laboratory tests are also provided in a table. After looking at the âÂÂPatient Historyâ and âÂÂLaboratory Investigationsâ sections, students should proceed on to the âÂÂQuestionsâ section, where they can test their knowledge of diagnostics. Then test your answers with the official findings in the âÂÂDiagnosisâ section. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with using patient history and laboratory results to diagnose disease. It is also a helpful site for educators to use to introduce or test student knowledge of transfusion medicine.
Lopez-Plaza, Iliana; Nambiar, Ashok
What do you see? A case study of community college science pedagogy
Community colleges educate almost half of all American undergraduates. These students include but are not limited to under-prepared high school graduates, and individuals who are working full-time while attending school, as well as students of diverse cultural, socioeconomic, and ethnic backgrounds. With such a diverse student population, science educators may find it difficult to teach science, especially since the language of science is exceptional and contains some inner hierarchy that most other disciplines do not (Osborne, 2002). This qualitative case study examined a community college science faculty member notion's learning to use visual illustrations in science instruction through a collaborative professional development approach. Through this study, insights were gained on how to implement relevant science pedagogy at this community college. Narratives are used to tell the story of a community college science instructor's experience using visual illustrations through science concepts (e.g. cell structure, cellular transport, and metabolism) taught. Narratives reflect the science instructor's story leading to further studies in multiliteracies, professional development, and student perception of visual images in community college setting.
Calhoun, Chantae M.
Learning nursing through simulation: A case study approach towards an expansive model of learning.
This study explores the impact of simulation upon learning for undergraduate nursing students. The study objectives were (a) to explore the experiences of participating in simulation education for a small group of student nurses; and (b) to explore learning through simulation from the perspectives of the nursing students, the nurse educators and the nurse mentors. Conducted as a small-scale narrative case study, it tells the unique stories of a small number of undergraduate nursing students, nurse mentors and nurse educators and explores their experiences of learning through simulation. Data analysis through progressive focusing revealed that the nurse educators viewed simulation as a means of helping students to learn to be nurses, whilst, the nurse mentors suggested that simulation helped them to determine nursing potential. The students' narratives showed that they approached simulation learning in different ways resulting in a range of outcomes: those who were successfully becoming nurses, those who were struggling or working hard to become nurses and those who were not becoming nurses. Theories of professional practice learning and activity theory present an opportunity to articulate and theorise the learning inherent in simulation activities. They recognise the links between learning and the environment of work and highlight the possibilities for learning to inspire change and innovation. PMID:24713128
Berragan, Liz
The narrative power of astrobiology: Telling the story of the quest to understand life's origins and the search for evidence of extraterrestrial life INTRODUCTION The story of the origins and evolution of life is a narrative with nearuniversal appeal. The story of life on Earth is meaningful to all people, and the search for life elsewhere is appealing across cultural boundaries. The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) funds an Astrobiology Program in NASA's Science Mission Directorate that is dedicated to the study of the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe. Because public interest in astrobiology is great and advances in the field are rapid, the NASA Astrobiology Program aims to integrate communication, education, and outreach into all aspects of program planning and execution. This strategic approach to communication is intended to promote the widest possible dissemination of timely and useful information about scientific discoveries, technology development, new knowledge, and greater understanding produced by the Astrobiology Program. This paper will address how scientists in the field of astrobiology can participate in the telling of an ongoing story of interest to multicultural audiences and why it is important to tell this story. SUMMARY Astrobiology research addresses three fundamental questions: How does life begin and evolve? Is there life beyond Earth and how can we detect it? What is the future of life on Earth and in the universe? The field of astrobiology is an endeavor that brings together researchers in a broad range of disciplines including Earth and planetary science, astrophysics, heliophysics, microbiology and evolutionary biology, and cosmochemistry. Goals of the NASA Astrobiology Program range from determining the nature and distribution of habitable environments in the Solar System and beyond to understanding the emergence of life from cosmic and planetary precursors, the interaction of past life on Earth with its changing environment, the formation and evolution of planets, links between planetary and biological evolution, the effects of climate and geology on habitability, and life's precursors and habitats in the outer solar system. Research dedicated to fulfilling these goals is conducted on Earth and in space, with a growing number of astrobiology investigations flying on planetary exploration missions. Since 1995, the field of astrobiology has grown rapidly, and the pace of discovery has been brisk. The possibility of extraterrestrial life is now a serious scientific question. Research findings over the past decade that are relevant to this question include the controversial 1996 claim of fossil evidence for microbial life in a martian meteorite, evidence of past and perhaps even present liquid water on Mars, the likelihood of a liquid water ocean on Europa, the possibility of liquid water beneath the surface of Titan, observations of a growing number of extrasolar planets, and identification of new forms of microbial life in an ever-widening range of extreme Earth environments. In the 21st century, the tempo of robotic planetary exploration is speeding up, and scientific and public attention is increasingly focusing on astrobiology research, especially the search for signs of life on Mars and other planetary bodies in our solar system. Mars is currently considered the best site in the solar system to search for evidence of past or present extraterrestrial life. And as Mars exploration proceeds, astrobiological interest in Enceladus, Europa, and Titan - outer solar system bodies that might have liquid water, prebiotic chemistry, or even life - is growing as new data are collected and analyzed. With an expanding array of solar system exploration endeavors involving and advancing astrobiology research, the NASA Astrobiology Program employs a communication strategy designed to establish that communication is an integral element of program planning and activities and an activity of fundamental importance to this scientific enterprise. This str
Billings, Linda
Demystifying Instructional Innovation: The Case of Teaching with Case Studies
Issues emerging from instructional innovation are inevitable, yet basing any curriculum shift on a theoretical framework is paramount. This paper grounds the case-based pedagogy in three learning theories: behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. The three theories are described and situated in relation to the case study method. An…
Kantar, Lina D.
Exporting ethics: a narrative about narrative research in South India.
The article notes some problems with the prepositional discourse of research ethics that is dominant in the West, and joins the call for an ethics-in-context approach in the human sciences. Using detailed examples from my fieldwork in South India to develop a narrative about ethical conflicts, I explore the problematics of informed consent, confidentiality and other concepts central to research ethics in the USA. The article underscores the inherent and practical risks associated with ethical universalism - applying 'universal' moral principles that have been constructed (that is, derived) in one cultural context and exporting them, without modifications, to another. The personal narrative includes my emotions in the field; they do moral work. The article draws theoretically from Bakhtin, Rabinow and feminist scholars of the Indian diaspora. PMID:16144789
Riessman, Catherine Kohler
Hemispheric inference priming during comprehension of conversations and narratives.
In this study we examined asymmetric semantic activation patterns as people listened to conversations and narratives that promoted causal inferences. Based on the hypothesis that understanding the unique features of conversational input may benefit from or require a modified pattern of conceptual activation during conversation, we compared semantic priming in both hemispheres for inferences embedded in conversations and in narratives. Participants named inference-related target words or unrelated words presented to the left visual field-right hemisphere (lvf-RH) or to the right visual field-left hemisphere (rvf-LH) at critical coherence points that required an inference in order to correctly understand an utterance in the context of the conversation or narrative. Fifty-seven undergraduates listened to 36 conversations or narratives and were tested at 100 target inference points. During narrative comprehension, inference-related priming was reliable and equally strong in both hemispheres. In contrast, during conversation comprehension, inference-related priming was only reliable for target words presented to lvf-RH. This work demonstrates that priming for inference-related concepts can be measured with input in conversational form and suggests the language processing style of the RH is advantageous for comprehending conversation. PMID:22820639
Powers, Chivon; Bencic, Rachel; Horton, William S; Beeman, Mark
Case Studies for Effective Business Instruction.
This book is designed as a resource for educators who teach business content in a variety of instructional settings. It contains case studies representing all functional areas of business, including corporate training, for grades 7 through graduate education. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the case study method. The history of the case method,…
McAlister-Kizzier, Donna
Ground control failures. A pictorial view of case studies
The book shows, in pictorial views, many forms and/or stages of types of failures in mines, for instance, cutter, roof falls, and cribs. In each case, the year of occurrence is stated in the beginning so that the environment or technological background under which it occurred are reflected. The narrative than begins with the mining and geological conditions, followed by a description of the ground control problems and recommended solutions and results, if any. The sections cover failure of pillars, roof falls, longwall, roof bolting, multiple-seam mining, floor heave, longwall, flooding and weathering of coal, old workings, and shortwall and thin-seam plow longwall.
Peng, S.S.
Mid-Life Nuances and Negotiations: Narrative Maps and the Social Construction of Mid-Life in Sport and Physical Activity
This paper adopts a narrative perspective on the study of mid-life experiences in sport. Different types of stories about sporting mid-life are identified and discussed. Drawing upon the concept of narrative mapping, the potential of these stories to serve as narrative maps for those approaching mid-life is considered. Data from an interview study…
Partington, Elizabeth; Partington, Sarah; Fishwick, Lesley; Allin, Linda
Preservice Elementary Teachers' Reflection on Narrative Images of Inquiry
Preservice elementary teachers face challenges in learning to teach science. Educative curriculum materials, designed to promote teacher learning, can provide support for overcoming these challenges. The educative curriculum materials used in this study provide narrative vignettes describing a teacher's decision making with regard to lesson plans. As part of an elementary science methods course, 40 preservice teachers were asked to reflect on and respond to the narratives. Results suggest that descriptions of teaching situated in lesson plans can promote productive reflection for preservice teachers. This study informs the design of educative curriculum materials and elementary science teacher education experiences and helps improve the pedagogical content knowledge of elementary science teacher educators.
Dietz, Christine M.; Davis, Elizabeth A.
Case Study: Anyone Who Had a Heart
This is a case study for undergraduate students in animal physiology and can be adapted for anatomy, physiology, and/or anatomy and physiology courses. In particular this case study explores anatomy and physiology associated with the cardiovascular system (fetal and adult). Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
Philip J Stephens (Villanova University Biology)
Case Study: A Spill at Parsenn Bowl
This is a case study for high school and/or undergraduate students in anatomy, physiology, and anatomy and physiology. In particular this case study explores anatomy and physiology associated with thermoregulation, inflammation and structures of the knee. Users of the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science will be required to register (free) to gain access to the answer key (and must be of teaching status to receive the key). Included in the resource are the case overview, objectives, case study, teaching notes and answer key.
PhD Elaine S Chapman (Illinois College Biology)
Case Studies in Transit Budgeting and Finance.
This series of teaching case studies and teaching notes examines budgeting and finance issues in the transit industry. The first case outlines the challenges faced by New York's Metropolitan Transportation Authority as it sought to secure the financial re...
A. Howitt J. Welder S. Y. Phang
9 Metaphors and Metamorphoses: Narratives of Identity During Times of Crisis
The narrative of transformative crisis appears in both autobiographical and fictional accounts of individual lives; it typically involves a difficult or traumatic episode and a period of self-questioning out of which a person emerges more able and more emotionally mature than before (Booker, 2005; Erikson, 1968; Tedeschi and Calhoun, 1995). The present study used interviews to elicit 22 narratives about
Narratives, Virtual Environments and Identity Semiotics: An Exploration of Pre-Service Teachers' Cognitions
The current study explored text-based and animated narrative vignette (ANV) social simulations to specifically examine pre-service teachers' social cognitions and personal identities. The personal and social identity and narratives of a sample of eight randomly selected elementary pre-service teachers were examined in depth out of 44 pre-service…
Tettegah, Sharon Y.; Whang, Eun Won; Taylor, Kona Renee; Cash, Timothy J.
Narrative Ability of Children with Speech Sound Disorders and the Prediction of Later Literacy Skills
Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to examine how children with isolated speech sound disorders (SSDs; n = 20), children with combined SSDs and language impairment (LI; n = 20), and typically developing children (n = 20), ages 3;3 (years;months) to 6;6, differ in narrative ability. The second purpose was to determine if early narrative…
Wellman, Rachel L.; Lewis, Barbara A.; Freebairn, Lisa A.; Avrich, Allison A.; Hansen, Amy J.; Stein, Catherine M.
The Expressive Elaboration of Imaginative Narratives by Children with Specific Language Impairment
Purpose: This study investigated the expressive elaboration of narratives from children with specific language impairment (SLI). Method: Forty-eight 6- and 8-year-old children with SLI were compared with forty-eight 6- and 8-year-old typical language (TL) children. Two imaginative narratives were scored for 14 elements of expressive elaboration in…
Ukrainetz, Teresa A.; Gillam, Ronald B.
This article presents the affinity existing between the female dream narrative and the fairy tale genre. Although a large body of material has al- ready been written about the connection between fairy tales and dreams, it has never been examined empirically using the tools and methods with which fairy tales have been studied. This article focuses on one dream narrative,
Ravit Raufman
Narrative as Conversation: Motives Revealed through Two Stories of the Holocaust.
A study investigated, in the Burkeian tradition, motives revealed through communication. It also applied the narrative paradigm developed by Walter Fisher, using each traditional standard (truth, aesthetic, results, ethical, and attitudinal) and explored the development of a new standard--the practical standard for the storyteller. Narratives…
Moyer, Barbara S.; Hugenberg, Lawrence W.
Deconstructing the Taiwanese Image in Japanese Female Travelers' Narratives since 1990's:Excess and Absence
The purpose of this paper is to deconstruct the Taiwanese image in Japanese female travelers' narratives since 1990's. This study compares five different image sources and disclosed three elements that influence the Taiwanese images in Japanese travel narratives; they are overwhelming tourism images, power structure in the \\
Shwu-Wen CHIOU
Venturing beyond the Sentence Level: Narrative Skills in Children with Hearing Loss
This study explores the differences in oral narrative skills between school-age children with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss (HL) and children who have typical hearing and language development. Narrative samples were collected following a picture-elicited storytelling task. Language samples were transcribed and coded for a number of…
Reuterskiold, Christina; Ibertsson, Tina; Sahlen, Birgitta
What the stories children tell can tell about their memory: narrative skill and young children's suggestibility.
The authors examined the relation between children's narrative ability, which has been identified as an important contributor to memory development, and suggestibility. Across 2 studies, a total of 112 preschool-aged children witnessed a staged event and were subsequently questioned suggestively. Results from Study 1 indicated that children's ability to provide a high-quality narrative of the event was related to resistance to suggestive questions, and narrative ability appeared to supersede age as a predictor of such resistance. In Study 2, children's general language and narrative abilities were measured in addition to their ability to produce a high-quality narrative about the target event. These results replicated Study 1's findings that children's ability to produce a high-quality narrative of a previously experienced event predicted resistance to suggestion. However, the quality of children's autobiographical memory narratives predicted shifting from denial to assent. Findings are considered in light of narrative's role in memory development and underlying mechanisms that may explain children's suggestibility. PMID:18793075
Kulkofsky, Sarah; Klemfuss, J Zoe
Narrative Competence and "Internal State Language" of Children with Asperger Syndrome and ADHD
The central question of the present study was whether there are differences between children with Asperger Syndrome (AS), children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls (HC) with respect to the organization of narratives and their verbalization of internal states. Oral narrations of a wordless picture book…
Rumpf, Anna-Lena; Kamp-Becker, Inge; Becker, Katja; Kauschke, Christina
Aggression and Coherence in Children's Narratives: Links with Family Relationships and Adaptation.
This study of 51 primarily white families with 3-year-old children was designed to demonstrate the relationship between the qualities of children's narratives and measures of family relationships. Children were asked to complete stories involving a range of affect and conflict themes, parent-child dyads were asked to complete several narratives,…
Oppenheim, David; And Others
The Role of Task Complexity, Modality, and Aptitude in Narrative Task Performance
The study reported in this paper investigated the relationship between components of aptitude and the fluency, lexical variety, syntactic complexity, and accuracy of performance in two types of written and spoken narrative tasks. We also addressed the question of how narrative performance varies in tasks of different cognitive complexity in the…
Kormos, Judit; Trebits, Anna
Expressing Emotions as Evidence in Osteoporosis Narratives: Effects on Message Processing and Intentions
This study examined the use of different narratives expressing positive or negative emotions, and varying the narrator's perspective on the arousal of discrete emotions, dominant cognitions, perceived evidence quality, and perceived message effectiveness related to osteoporosis behavioral intentions. Formative research led to the creation of…
Volkman, Julie E.; Parrott, Roxanne L.
(Pea)nuts and Bolts of Visual Narrative: Structure and Meaning in Sequential Image Comprehension
Just as syntax differentiates coherent sentences from scrambled word strings, the comprehension of sequential images must also use a cognitive system to distinguish coherent narrative sequences from random strings of images. We conducted experiments analogous to two classic studies of language processing to examine the contributions of narrative…
Cohn, Neil; Paczynski, Martin; Jackendoff, Ray; Holcomb, Phillip J.; Kuperberg, Gina R.
Narrative and emotion process in psychotherapy: An empirical test of the Narrative-Emotion Process Coding System (NEPCS).
Abstract Objective: While the individual contributions of narrative and emotion processes to psychotherapy outcome have been the focus of recent interest in psychotherapy research literature, the empirical analysis of narrative and emotion integration has rarely been addressed. The Narrative-Emotion Processes Coding System (NEPCS) was developed to provide researchers with a systematic method for identifying specific narrative and emotion process markers, for application to therapy session videos. Method: The present study examined the relationship between NEPCS-derived problem markers (same old storytelling, empty storytelling, unstoried emotion, abstract storytelling) and change markers (competing plotlines storytelling, inchoate storytelling, unexpected outcome storytelling, and discovery storytelling), and treatment outcome (recovered versus unchanged at therapy termination) and stage of therapy (early, middle, late) in brief emotion-focused (EFT), client-centred (CCT), and cognitive (CT) therapies for depression. Results: Hierarchical linear modelling analyses demonstrated a significant Outcome effect for inchoate storytelling (p = .037) and discovery storytelling (p = .002), a Stage × Outcome effect for abstract storytelling (p = .05), and a Stage × Outcome × Treatment effect for competing plotlines storytelling (p = .001). There was also a significant Stage × Outcome effect for NEPCS problem markers (p = .007) and change markers (p = .03). Conclusion: The results provide preliminary support for the importance of assessing the contribution of narrative-emotion processes to efficacious treatment outcomes in EFT, CCT, and CT treatments of depression. PMID:24188051
Boritz, Tali Z; Bryntwick, Emily; Angus, Lynne; Greenberg, Leslie S; Constantino, Michael J
Subterranean Archives - a Case Study
SUMMARY: An archive with four subterranean stories is used as a case story to illustrate that evaluation of the hygrothermal suitability of an archive can be deceiving when a subterranean archive is handled as any other building. Build-in moisture caused massive mould attacks before the archive was finished. A traditional CFD-simulation did not reveal problems, which became clear after another
O. Valentin; L. D. Christoffersen
Constitutional Change: A Case Study.
Presents a lesson for secondary students which teaches that the U.S. Constitution has changed in a variety of ways and that it has a direct effect upon the lives of citizens. Provides a worksheet and a lecture outline covering three methods of constitutional change and Supreme Court cases such as Dred Scott and Brown vs. Board of Education. (GEA)
Christofferson, Walter D.; Pergande, Donald J.
Ecological characterization atlas of coastal Alabama: Map narrative
The southwest Alabama coastal region is the study area of this narrative and accompanying maps. The offshore area includes the region from the State-Federal demarcation to the shoreline, and the inland area includes Mobile and Baldwin Counties. These counties are included in the following six US Geological Survey 1:100,000-scale topographic maps: Citronelle, Atmore, Mobile, Bay Minette, Biloxi, and Pensacola. The data in this atlas meet all cartographic and narrative specifications of the Minerals Management Service and the US Fish and Wildlife Service and should be useful for coastal decisionmakers. The topics included within this map narrative are biological resources; socioeconomic features; soils and landforms; oil, gas, and mineral resources; and hydrology and climatology. 21 figs., 52 tabs.
Smith, M.F. Jr. (ed.) (Soils Systems, Inc., Marietta, GA (USA))
Using Case Studies to Teach Science
This article inspires educators to understand how case study teaching has gained a strong foothold in science education. Advances in the field include variations on methodology, from whole class discussion to the jigsaw approach, an increase in educational resources on the topic, over a thousand studies that show improved learning when case studies are used, and a survey that illustrates students enjoy and benefit from case studies.
Clyde Freeman Herreid (University at Buffalo, State University of New York;)
[Identity and narration: autobiographical quests].
This paper aims to tackle the subtle relation between autobiographical narratives and identity construction, from a non essentialist conception of identity. In a perspective that articulates philosophy of language, psychoanalysis, semiotics and literary critique, we posit the concept of biographical space as an analytical instrument to make a critical update of the reconfiguration of identities and subjectivities in contemporary culture, marked by the predominance of the biographical, the private and a kind of "public intimacy". This look is more symptomatic than descriptive: it intends to account for the rise of auto/biographical narratives and life-stories, from canonic genres to their multiple derivations in the media, social networks and the most diverse artistic practices, a phenomenon that seems to reaffirm the notion of narrative identities by Ricoeur. Our analysis here, from an ethic, aesthetic and political point of view, will focus on two visual arts experiences that have recently taken place for the first time in Buenos Aires: Christian Boltanski's and Tracey Emin's, solo exhibitions, each of them with a different biographical approach. PMID:24251298
Arfuch, Leonor
Physical interventions in a location based cultural narrative: a case study of embedded media in public space installations
The majority of large scale media embedded into public spaces clashes with the existing architectural and cultural characteristics of an environments. This paper discusses the challenge to overcome this phenomenon through the design of new embedded artifacts which tie interactive media elements into existing physical properties of an environment, whether material, spatial, cultural, or social, to fluidly mesh and compliment
Amanda J. Parkes; Jussi Ängeslevä
Understanding Principal Leadership: An International Perspective and a Narrative Approach
This article reviews recent literature in educational administration that supports the argument that leadership matters. School principals exert influence on teachers, who in turn affect student achievement. There is a need for an international approach both to replicate large studies and to use a narrative approach to study leaders in their…
Slater, Charles L.
Constructing narratives of enterprise: clichés and entrepreneurial self-identity
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to extend the repertoire of narrative resources relevant in the creation and maintenance of entrepreneurial identity, and to explore the implications for understanding entrepreneurial behaviour. Design\\/methodology\\/approach – The empirical research is based on a two and a half year ethnographic study of a small UK industrial firm. Findings – The study describes
Lorraine Warren
Narrative dependency and the false belief task in autism
Several studies have used a cognitive approach to teaching people with autism to pass false belief tasks with a broader aim of developing theory of mind abilities. However, these tasks have certain executive features that may influence performance on the tasks and the potential for generalization. The study examines the influence of narrative support and language level on the ability
Evelyn McGregor; Mark Bennett
One teacher's experience interpreting and enacting a new science curriculum framework: An ethnographic case study
What experiences does a teacher have when interpreting and enacting curriculum frameworks and national and state standards? What does a teacher think about as she moves between the text of the written curriculum framework, her own particular experiences, and the context of a classroom? What are the negotiations that a teacher makes as she adopts and adapts curriculum policy for her own classroom? The purpose of this ethnographic case study was to explore these questions in the context of an eighth-grade science class as the teacher interpreted and enacted a new inquiry-based, constructivist curriculum framework. This yearlong study employed qualitative methods of data collection including open-ended interviews, classroom observations, guiding conversations (Cole & Knowles, 2001) and cogenerative dialogues and reflections (Roth & Tobin, 2005) with the teacher, and analysis of classroom artifacts. Constant comparative analysis and narrative analysis were used to analyze data and produce a narrative truth that emphasized verisimilitude or truthlike observations in order to capture one teacher's classroom experiences and advance an empathic form of understanding so the reader could experience the teacher's world. Reflections upon the teacher's story at the conclusion of this study suggest the following educational policy changes and areas of further study: (1) the need for more professional learning experiences for both preservice and practicing teachers that help them construct an understanding of the theoretical frameworks that underlie the curriculum they are enacting, (2) the need for more research, particularly qualitative case studies, describing learning communities in schools and constructivist leaders who have successfully facilitated authentic professional development, (3) the need for curriculum developers to address the pressing issue of depth vs. breadth in curriculum reform, and (4) the need for more studies that show how teachers adapt and improvise within and between classes in order to help educators and policy-makers better understand the relationship between curriculum and classroom practice.
Burrows, Betsy Denton
Narrative in Essays: A Challenge of Textbook Truisms.
Most textbooks, ignoring current narrative theory, fail to explain a large number of published essays containing narrative. To challenge textbook definitions of narratives, three points should be made: (1) a clear distinction should be recognized between narratives making points and narratives proving points, (2) the textbook equating of…
Hesse, Douglas
Case study teaching has gained a strong foothold in science education. The author discusses: (1) variations on methodology, from whole class discussion to the jigsaw approach; (2) an increase in educational resources on the topic; (3) over a thousand studies that show improved learning when case studies are used; and (4) a survey that illustrates…
'Timely' diagnosis of dementia: what does it mean? A narrative analysis of GPs' accounts
Objective To explore general practitioners' (GP) perspectives on the meaning of 'timeliness' in dementia diagnosis. Design Narrative interview study. Setting UK academic department of primary care. Participants Seven practising GPs with experience of conveying a diagnosis of dementia. Methods GPs' narrative commentaries of encounters with patients with suspected dementia were audio-recorded and transcribed resulting in 51 pages of text (26?757words). A detailed narrative analysis of doctors' accounts was conducted. Results Diagnosis of dementia is a complex medical and social practice. Clinicians attend to multiple competing priorities while providing individually tailored patient care, against a background of shifting political and institutional concerns. Interviewees drew on a range of explanations about the nature of generalism to legitimise their claims about whether and how they made a diagnosis, constructing their accounts of what constituted 'timeliness'. Three interlinked analytical themes were identified: (1) diagnosis as a collective, cumulative, contingent process; (2) taking care to ensure that diagnosis—if reached at all—is opportune; (3) diagnosis of dementia as constitutive or consequential, but also a diagnosis whose consequences are unpredictable. Conclusions Timeliness in the diagnosis of dementia involves balancing a range of judgements and is not experienced in terms of simple chronological notions of time. Reluctance or failure to make a diagnosis on a particular occasion does not necessarily point to GPs' lack of awareness of current policies, or to a set of training needs, but commonly reflects this range of nuanced balancing judgements, often negotiated with patients and their families with detailed attention to a particular context. In the case of dementia, the taken-for-granted benefits of early diagnosis cannot be assumed, but need to be 'worked through' on an individual case-by-case basis. GPs tend to value 'rightness' of time over concerns about 'early' diagnosis.
Dhedhi, Saadia Aziz; Swinglehurst, Deborah; Russell, Jill
How To Set Up Your Own Small Business. Service Company Case Study. Manufacturing Firm Case Study. Retail Store Case Study.
This collection of case studies is intended for use in a course in setting up a small business. The first, a case study of the process of setting up a service company, covers analyzing the pros and cons of starting one's own business, assessing the competition and local market, and selecting a site for and financing the business. The principal…
Fallek, Max
The book, the stories, the people: an ongoing dialogic narrative inquiry study combining a practice development project. Part 2: the practice development context.
This paper is the second part of a two-article practice development report. It builds on the first part by introducing and discussing a Writing for Recovery practice development project, conducted at two UK sites. The paper begins by briefly describing the project within the context of helping mental health users, carers and survivors develop skills in creative writing in order to engage in the process of narrative re-storying in line with preferred identity. A selective overview of broad and focal background literature relevant to the project is then provided in order to position it within a values-based mental health nursing practice. Following this, the specific plan for running the project is briefly summarized, covering actual and anticipated ethical issues. The paper ends with a discussion of dissemination aims. PMID:22591229
Grant, A; Biley, F C; Leigh-Phippard, H; Walker, H
Children choose their own stories: the impact of choice on children's learning of new narrative skills.
Despite evidence that early narrative abilities are predictive of literacy skills and academic achievement, only limited progress has been made in understanding how the development of these narrative skills can be facilitated. The current study measured the effectiveness of a new narrative intervention conducted with 26 preschoolers. Children were assigned to one of two intervention conditions: an active-choice condition (able to choose story components) or a no-choice condition (story components were preselected). Both groups otherwise received the same explicit and engaging teaching of story grammar. As predicted, greater narrative skill gains were evident for the active-choice intervention; including larger gains on both central story grammar components and story information overall. Future implications for how stories might be presented to young children in order to more richly facilitate narrative skill acquisition are discussed. PMID:23725564
Khan, Kiren; Nelson, Keith; Whyte, Elisabeth
Deficits in narrative abilities in child British Sign Language users with specific language impairment.
This study details the first ever investigation of narrative skills in a group of 17 deaf signing children who have been diagnosed with disorders in their British Sign Language development compared with a control group of 17 deaf child signers matched for age, gender, education, quantity, and quality of language exposure and non-verbal intelligence. Children were asked to generate a narrative based on events in a language free video. Narratives were analysed for global structure, information content and local level grammatical devices, especially verb morphology. The language-impaired group produced shorter, less structured and grammatically simpler narratives than controls, with verb morphology particularly impaired. Despite major differences in how sign and spoken languages are articulated, narrative is shown to be a reliable marker of language impairment across the modality boundaries. PMID:24617640
Herman, Ros; Rowley, Katherine; Mason, Kathryn; Morgan, Gary
Increasing mental health literacy via narrative advertising.
This research explored the effectiveness of narrative advertising and argument advertising in increasing mental illness (depression) literacy. Results showed that narrative advertising was more effective than argument advertising at engaging participants in experiential immersion, resulting in greater sympathy toward those suffering from depression. In addition, narrative advertising better involved participants in issue elaboration and increased willingness to seek professional help. Finally, in comparison with argument advertising, narrative advertisements were rated higher in providing vivid information, resulting in an increase in participants' perceived efficacy in recognizing friends or family suffering from depression. PMID:18307135
Chang, Chingching
Ethical issues in case study publication: "making our case(s)" ethically.
As chaplains develop richly detailed case studies for publication, ethical questions about case study construction and publication are emerging. Concerns about seeking patients' permission to publish material about them suggest additional questions and raise broad confidentiality and privacy issues. Confidentiality-related practices in health care and psychotherapy provide the most extensive guidance for chaplains, but healthcare chaplaincy has roots in religious and professional traditions with distinct notions of confidentiality that deserve consideration. Single case studies do not appear to be "research" requiring informed consent, yet their publication exposes patients to some risk of harm. Obtaining the patient's/"case study subject's" permission to publish, disguising non-essential information, and allowing the patient to review the case study can mitigate the risks. Striking a balance between protecting patients and providing sufficient detail to make case studies useful is a central ethical challenge of case study publication. PMID:21534067
McCurdy, David B; Fitchett, George
Narratives and healing: exploring one family's stories of cancer survivorship.
This study investigates the narratives of one couple who lived through life-changing events following a cancer diagnosis. The narratives of the cancer survivor and her husband are explored as they struggle to cope with their situation, provide support for one another, and consider their changing personal identities. This research addresses the communication dilemmas that often occur when family members, friends, and providers do not know how to respond to an individual diagnosed with cancer. The rationale for this study is threefold. First, this study advocates the need for learning about the composition of survivor identities over the course of a life-threatening illness. Second, this study seeks to understand how illness survivors and their family members use narratives as a method of communicating their changing identities. Finally, communicating about illness is often perceived as 'taboo', and this study may encourage others to be a part of the participants' stories and learn more about why those stories are often concealed. We learn from these three narratives that supportive relationships are central to healing and that it is through communication among family members that identities are composed and recomposed throughout the illness journey. This research affects communication, social support, identity, and emotion literature and is aligned with human appraisal theories as well. Finally, it offers insights into the ways in which we talk about, hear about, and learn about illness. PMID:12742765
Anderson, Jennifer Ott; Martin, Patricia Geist
Giant adrenal cyst: case study
One of the rarest situations regarding an adrenal incidentaloma is an adrenal cyst. We present the case of a 61Z–year old male patient diagnosed with peritonitis. During surgery, a right adrenal tumor of 2 cm is discovered. The patient was referred to endocrinology. 6 months later the diameter of the tumor is 7 times bigger than the initial stage. It has no secretory phenotype, except for the small increase of serum aldosterone and the 24–h 17–ketosteroids. Open right adrenalectomy is performed and a cyst of 15 cm is removed. The evolution after surgery is good. The pathological exam reveals an adrenal cyst with calcifications and osteoid metaplasia. The immunohistochemistry showed a positive reaction for CD34 and ACT in the vessels and VIM in the stroma. The adrenal cysts are not frequent and represent a challenge regarding the preoperative diagnostic and surgical procedure of resection. The pathological exam highlights the major aspects.
Carsote, M; Chirita, P; Terzea, D; Paun, S; Beuran, M
Giant adrenal cyst: case study.
One of the rarest situations regarding an adrenal incidentaloma is an adrenal cyst. We present the case of a 61-year-old male patient diagnosed with peritonitis. During surgery, a right adrenal tumor of 2 cm is discovered. The patient was referred to endocrinology. 6 months later the diameter of the tumor is 7 times bigger than the initial stage. It has no secretory phenotype, except for the small increase of serum aldosterone and the 24-h 17-ketosteroids. Open right adrenalectomy is performed and a cyst of 15 cm is removed. The evolution after surgery is good. The pathological exam reveals an adrenal cyst with calcifications and osteoid metaplasia. The immunohistochemistry showed a positive reaction for CD34 and ACT in the vessels and VIM in the stroma. The adrenal cysts are not frequent and represent a challenge regarding the preoperative diagnostic and surgical procedure of resection. The pathological exam highlights the major aspects. PMID:20945822
Poiana, Catalina; Carsote, Mara; Chirita, Corina; Terzea, Dana; Paun, S; Beuran, M
Discourse on Narrative Research: The Construction Zone--Literary Elements in Narrative Research
Narrative research has become part of the landscape of education inquiry, yet its theory and practice are still debated and evolving. This article addresses the construction of narratives using literary elements common to nonfiction and fiction writings. The authors discuss these elements and use four narratives to illustrate them. They address…
Coulter, Cathy A.; Smith, Mary Lee
Narrating the Archive and Archiving Narrative: The Electronic Book and the Logic of the Index
The creation of my hypermedia work Index of Love, which narrates a love story as an archive of moments, images and objects recollected, also articulated for me the potential of the book as electronic text. The book has always existed as both narrative and archive. Tables of contents and indexes allow the book to function simultaneously as linear narrative and
Rosamund Davies
Emotion Regulation in Mother-Child Narrative Co-Construction: Associations with Children's Narratives and Adaptation.
Four-year-olds and their mothers co-constructed a narrative. At ages 4 and 5, children constructed personal narratives and mothers rated children's behavior. At both ages, children who were more emotionally coherent, compared to children who were less so during the co-construction, constructed personal narratives that were more coherent, more…
Japanese Experiences: "Hentai" Narratives
For those acquainted with Japanese lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) issues, "Queer Voices from Japan" can be good reading. But with only 1 of its 22 chapters informative for researchers, those interested in LGBT youth studies will only indirectly gain insight into a non-Western perspective on youth and sexuality.
Kama, Amit
Japanese Experiences: Hentai Narratives
For those acquainted with Japanese lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) issues, Queer Voices from Japan can be good reading. But with only 1 of its 22 chapters informative for researchers, those interested in LGBT youth studies will only indirectly gain insight into a non-Western perspective on youth and sexuality.
Amit Kama
Power and powerlessness: GPs' narratives about lifestyle counselling
Background Power in doctor–patient relationships is asymmetrically distributed. The doctor holds resources the patient needs and has a mandate to promote healthy living. Power may benefit or harm the patients' health, and the doctor–patient relationship. Aim To identify aspects of power and powerlessness in GPs' narratives about lifestyle counselling. Design and setting A qualitative study using focus groups from peer-group meetings of Norwegian GPs attending continuing medical education. Method GPs discussed case stories about lifestyle counselling in focus groups. The discussions were transcribed and the text analysed using systematic text condensation. Results Aspects of power concerning the framework of the consultation and the GPs' professional role were found. Also identified were: power expressed by opportunistic approaches to change patients' lifestyle; rhetoric communication; paternalism; and disclosure. GPs reported powerlessness in complex communication, when there were difficulties reaching goals, and when patients resisted or ignored their proposals. Conclusion Case-study discussions in peer groups disclose several aspects of power and powerlessness that occur in consultations. Consciousness about aspects of power may facilitate counselling that benefits the patient and the doctor–patient relationship.
Abildsnes, Eirik; Walseth, Liv Tveit; Flottorp, Signe A; Stensland, Per S
Negotiating Learning through Stories: Mature Women, VET and Narrative Inquiry
This paper explains my choice of narrative inquiry as a methodological approach in my recently completed PhD study. My research investigated learning experiences of mature women learners in VET. Notions of learning as negotiated lived experience called for a methodological approach that privileged the learner's perspective and opened space in…
Daniels, Jeannie
Interacting Narratives: Creating and Re-creating the Self
This article is a report of a qualitative research study into the aesthetic and spiritual dimensions of the lifelong learning practices of eight experienced educators. The research is grounded in a narrative tradition of research on teacher development where teacher learning is viewed as a creative, holistic, relational endeavour in which the…
Beattie, Mary; Dobson, Darrell; Thornton, Gail; Hegge, Laura
Narrative Skills in Swedish Children with Language Impairment
This study investigated the development of narrative skills in Swedish children with language impairment between age 5 and age 10. Seventeen children with LI and two control groups of age peers with typical development participated in a picture elicited story telling task. Analyses included measures of story content, cohesion and grammar. Our…
Reuterskiold, Christina; Hansson, Kristina; Sahlen, Birgitta
Preservice elementary teachers face challenges in learning to teach science. Educative curriculum materials, designed to promote teacher learning, can provide support for overcoming these challenges. The educative curriculum materials used in this study provide narrative vignettes describing a teacher's decision making with regard to lesson plans. As part of an elementary science methods course, 40 preservice teachers were asked to
Christine M. Dietz; Elizabeth A. Davis
Learning from Animated Concept Maps with Concurrent Audio Narration
An animated concept map is a presentation of a network diagram in which nodes and links are sequentially added or modified. An experiment compared learning from animated concept maps and text by randomly assigning 133 undergraduates to study 1 of 4 narrated animations presenting semantically equivalent information accompanied by identical audio…
Nesbit, John C.; Adesope, Olusola O.
The Heterogeneity of Picture-Supported Narratives in Alzheimer's Disease
This study describes discourse patterns produced by 46 Alzheimer disease (AD) patients and 53 normal elderly subjects in two picture-supported narratives. Nine measures derived from a cognitive model of discourse processing were obtained and submitted to cluster analysis. Results indicate that discourse patterns elicited from both stimuli were…
Duong, A.; Giroux, F.; Tardif, A.; Ska, B.