text:
- Sid Tafler
- Victoria British Columbia
- Canada
This conversation is closed.
What does cave art mean to you?
Stone Age art has fascinated people around the world since some of the first discoveries of cave paintings in France and Spain in the 19th century.
The recent Werner Herzog film "Cave of Forgotten Dreams," showcasing the spectacular panels of lions and horses at Chauvet, brought new attention to Paleolithic art.
If you haven't gazed into the deep past recently, do a web search for Lascaux, Chauvet or Altamira cave.
What do these arts forms mean to you?
Do you find them beautiful, primitive, artistically inspired, or something less?
Are these drawings art for art sake, an attempt by Paleolithic people to reproduce the world they experienced?
Or do they have some deep cosmic or spiritual significance?
Why did these people of 15,000 to 30,000 years ago often create these works in places that were difficult to access?
Were they trying to communicate with each other, access worlds beyond their own, or engage in hunting magic?
Or were they just enjoying themselves scratching and drawing on cave walls?
May 10 2012: We humans living in our 'modern' world tend to not consider the fact that physically and in an evolutionary sense we are basically the same beings as those who did that art. And indeed it is art--used for whatever purpose. You ask us to specualate as to those purposes, but, well, they are gone and cannot communicate their motives, so anything any of us says is pure speculation. Though we can enjoy and be fascinated by the beauty of this art. It does offer a sense of holiness.
Understanding the obvious, that humans alive today are no more human that the people who created that art (there are many examples around the world) is good enough for me. They couldn't understand the cosmos any better than I can. And though humanity as learned a lot collectively since then, (and we brush are teeth every day, for example) we are still the same biological beings as back then.
May 10 2012: "They couldn't understand the cosmos any better than I can."
Maybe you are right , they couldn't understand, but they could feel/experience/be the cosmos.
It's how 'knowing about' differs from 'knowing' .
Thanks for your comment, I've got my 'aha' moment !
May 12 2012: they could feel/experience/be the cosmos.
It's how 'knowing about' differs from 'knowing'
Exactly what I meant, though 'could've said it better. Thanks!
May 13 2012: Welcome !
Maybe, it is the way of the evolution of human consciousness :
we are "to arrive where we started and know the place for the first time "
I think Paleolithic art has something to do with it :)
Isi Abebe
May 9 2012: Man's innate need for expression...May 23 2012: We are instinctively drawn to finding patterns. But there is a reason. Mandelbrot has revealed through Fractal Geometry that indeed there is no such thing as chaos, for even chaos has patterns. The twig is the branch is the tree, is the forest. All things emanate from a simple essence, a pattern. Since we are made of patterns, we seek it.
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I am currently studying the evolutionary roots of human imagination. Imagination is NOT random, the symbols do have patterns. Depth Psychology explores these symbolic patterns and narratives. The brain is designed to retain narratives, not facts. Facts are remembered as associations to narratives. It is how we retain and access memory. For instance, dreaming of snake
could be a cue that the reptilian brain has made an important connection or role in the brain's narrative. Bird dreams are related to parenting and family because from an evolutionary standpoint life learned how to parent when it evolved from reptile to bird. The patterns have a source in our anatomy.
And if Mandelbrot's theory has a universal application, our propensity for pattern-seeking comes from the unconscious understanding that nature, including us is filled with patterns hidden behind the illusion of chaos.
The imagination of the artist with a broken pinky has a source from his own visions, the very same visions that inspire the luminaries that created the world's religions.
May 23 2012: Mandelbrot set gives me the image:
everything everywhere is doing the same thing infinitely.
It resonates with " one moment holds eternity "
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May 23 2012: Plus the whole thing is emanating from a water source (now dry of course) at a center which is in keeping with the symbolic function of Mem, (or water) that consciousness is the source which the VEDAS insist is the source of "creation". Now the definition of consciousness becomes rather controversial in this day and age and ripe for further further debate. In the book 25 Big Ideas, the author discusses that today's consensus is that it is not about being conscious or not, rather the level of consciousness. Like for instance we are highly conscious of so many details in our environment whereas a sunflower is conscious of where the sun is, but is conscious perhaps of only that. The Caves are really really interesting in that you can see it as primitive art OR something else depending on how much you know.May 22 2012: Hi Natasha,
There is a controversial study relating Semetic beliefs with Hindu beliefs. The academic book is entitled Aryans, Jews, Brahmins by Dorothy M Figuera. In effect the Brahmins, were actually ABrahamins. Protosinatic symbols, the great grand daddy of written Hebrew reveal a foundational hierarchy of concepts. http://net.lib.byu.edu/imaging/negev/pix/06a.jpg.html. The Alef, the OX being the prime generator of all things. Also representing no.1 and spirit/breath followed by the "House", the phonetic Beyt...which is also a WOMB in use and context, for the number 2 is considered female, hence the shape of the letter B, the side view of a pregnant woman. The Lascaux caves are reflect the same story in the stalactite. I am doubtful that the cave was born from an innocent time but rather a decline of something that used to be more sophisticated. In Iran, home of the Aryans, pottery shards dating back 12,000 years were found. These people emerged from the last ice age "fair skinned" and knowledgeable. http://www.iranchamber.com/people/articles/aryan_people_origins.php. I do believe that we have lost years. http://books.google.com/books/about/The_Lost_Civilizations_of_the_Stone_Age.html?id=vhSHn-B89A0C.
True, it is highly possible that they are recurring symbols of the mind as Jung and Campbell asserts. But it is my belief that we hold on inexplicably to the inner reality because they resonate. These recurring themes do not die or fizzle out because we cling to them as our internal mirrors. Religious symbols have these mirrors and serve the function of unconsciously instructing us how to evolve.
The Ox (or as I always say, the ox-power in the same way as we use horse-power now, implying that the first manifestation is spirt/strength-FORCE)
is just one of those things that we instinctively believe as the generator of all things seen.
Thanks for enriching the conversation!
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May 22 2012: Abraham is a patriarch, no? Aba means father. So you are essentially saying that Abraham's name is a derivative of a Hindu belief which admittedly is what the Hindu side is saying. That it is they that fathered Judaism and not vice versa.
For more readings on the connection between the two, visit this link:
Genesis 25:6:
"And to the concubine children who were Abraham's, Abraham gave gifts; then he sent them away from Isaac his son, while he was still alive, eastward, to the land of the east."
These were the children of Hagar, Sarah's handmaiden with whom Abraham fathered Ishmael, the progenitor of the Islamic strand of Abraham's ethical monotheism. Hagar was also called Ketura, which means "incense." Did these journeyers-to-the-east children of Abraham's become the Brahmins? The timing would be right, Abraham lived around 2100 B.C.E., and the Upanishads and Rig Veda emerged in India in about 1500 B.C.E. The similarity of "Abraham" and "Brahmin" may be purely coincidental. Like the fact that the Nordic version of Adam and Eve, the primordial couple, were called in the Eddas "Ask and Embla" [ash and elm trees]."
But we are digressing. We can start another discussion about this in another thread. The point that I am pointing out when I mentioned Bet and the Ox is that the same images are found in the caves which pre-exists both religions.May 22 2012: The Logos, or the power of the spoken word has its roots on the very same phonetic sounds. In ancient egypt the alef-bet is known only by magicians are said to posses magic that when uttered, invokes events and transformations.
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May 22 2012: Absolutely, so the ox and the woman in the cave stalactites are depicting the very religious sentiment you just shared with us. And those drawings are about 30,000 years old. very curious.May 23 2012: Hi Chris,
Your interfaith insignia tells me what you understand from the "the true history of humanity". PBS has some ideas. http://topdocumentaryfilms.com/pyramid-code/May 23 2012: CECILIA !
Thank you for responding !
What you said is amazingly interesting, I've always had the feeling that there is a Mystery here !
"...I am doubtful that the cave was born from an innocent time but rather a decline of something that used to be more sophisticated.''
I don't know, but these paintings do resonate through millennia !
I share your belief, that everything came from one source and we can relate to it intuitively.
What goes 'in' as one comes 'out' as many and symbols are aimed to reunite us with one.
Maybe it's just the case with cave paintings...and really "we have lost years " !
Fallowing your discussion with Chris I 've become conscious , aware how ignorant i am in those
matters, and I am inspired to do something about it :)
Thanks for the links and your beautiful story !
Re "So conscious awareness means consciously conscious, or aware of awareness."
I guess, " Cogito ergo sum" has something to do with it :)
Descartes suggested that the pineal gland is "the seat of the soul"
I would appreciate your opinion, what do think about 'the third eye ?
Thanks !
May 23 2012: Hi Natasha!
The third eye? The third eye, as I always say in my workshops, is constructed like an eye. But its located inside the brain instead of outside. So its the eye designed to observe light within. It is believed to be the source of visions. But visions are symbols culled from our unconscious associations. So I believe that what the pineal gland does, with all its eye rods and cones, is observe the light flashing inside the brain. It is observing the reality within. So to awaken the third eye, or the ability to foresee the future, one must look within for the unconscious [knowledge] as Jung puts it, has no end. Thank you for the thumbs up, for some reason TED site congratulates you. Isn't that funny?
May 23 2012: Hi CECILIA !!!
From Wikipedia : "The human pineal gland grows in size until about 1–2 years of age, remaining stable thereafter...".
And match :
" Except you become as little children you shall not enter the kingdom of heaven "
Interesting !!!
Thank you !
Debra Smith
May 21 2012: for me, cave art represents someone's best effort to collapse the centuries between us to share their hard earned insight.
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May 21 2012: Hi, Debra !
Nice to see you !
'Insight ' is a good word, but what if, it was not 'earned ', but... had not yet been lost as a natural state ?
May 21 2012: Hi Natasha! I am delighted to have the chance to be on my all time favourite site again.
We cannot look at their accomplishments through our own eyes. It was hard work to study the movement pattern of wild beasts without computers, satelites, notepaper etc. and they had to track on foot.They holped to nourish everyone they knew and I think they were trying to share their hard won knowledge. Perhaps?
PS Can we have the recently commented category back, please? sOME FABULOUS DISCUSSIONS i FEEL THAT i AM MISSING .
May 22 2012: "We cannot look at their accomplishments through our own eyes."
Absolutely ! We can't !
We've developed highly sophisticated 'artificial' eyes, to study the movement patterns we need computers, we call it research, science....
What for us is a quantum physics' revelation for a tribal shaman was everyday magic.
What i am trying to say is : they feel interconnectedness while we, only now, start to understand it. It's us, who won knowledge, they simply felt that way.
It's how 'knowing about' differs from 'knowing'.
Only feeling/being one with an animal, a human hand could draw that unmistakably perfect line.
I don't state anything... I am just trying to understand :)
Thanks for responding, Debra !May 21 2012: It's the expression of beautiful human mind......it was also communication of what the artistic mind was thinking at the dawn of human civilization......
It means a beautifully creative / imaginative mind expresses itself regardless of time, space or condition .....
May 21 2012: Dear Salim! How I have missed your wisdom!May 21 2012: Salim !
"... what the artistic mind was thinking at the dawn of human civilization......"
Maybe that mind was not thinking, but feeling ?
In the context of our previous 'aha-moment' conversation, these paintings are uninterrupted 'aha-moment ' !
What do you think ?
May 22 2012: Natasha!!
What I think :).....I think and feel "YES" to what you wrote above....
"Eureka" moment, "Aha" moment only comes in a thoughful mind , a mind which is also reflective as well.......what's your thoughts about it?
In other discussion you were talking about "LEAP' moment due to neuronal activity.....as usual not being an expert in any field ......I feel that "LEAP" only happens if someone is focusing , reflecting on something conciously , subconciously then even unconciously.....
If I am not wrong , Dostoevsky had a medical condition named Epilepsy.....after each epileptic seizure he used to get a plot of story ......!!! And his belief was that it was somewhat devine.....
But scientifically Epilepsy happens due to uncontrol discharge of neuronal charges for a very short period of time......only thoughtful , reflective Dostoevsky used get wonderful PLOT for his writing ......but that is not the case to most of others with similar condition......
Have a good day.
May 22 2012: Hi, Salim !
'Eureka" moment, "Aha" moment only comes in a thoughful mind , a mind which is also reflective as well.......what's your thoughts about it?
I think , "Eureka" comes to a thoughtful mind, AFTER the state of being unfocused, literally, not thinking.
Knowing, by its very nature exists in a way form. Mind, being in the sate of thinking cant' get there.
What is meditation ? - It's undisturbed mind, free from noise of thoughts. Does it obliterate consciousness ? Of cause not, it rather highlights it to the state of 'knowing'.
But not everybody, who meditates makes breakthrough discoveries. To bring the message from there , the mind must be ready to receive it , it must have been adequately prepared by prior experience.
That's what I called a 'leap' , a mind can tap directly into the non-algorithmic depth of knowing. Thinking - not thinking - shaping a new idea.
Make no mistake, it's not the way it is; it's the way i think it is :)
And now, let's return to the topic... what was the state of conscious of those humans, who were capable of revealing such undisturbed pure beauty ?
Their mind was not trained in thinking, it didn't have to make a leap. It was in the flaw ...
Thanks for asking ! :)May 23 2012: Hi Natasha,
Agree to a great extent.......
My hypothesis is
All creative people may not meditate conciously or trained way but subconcious or uncious way they might have some periods when their brain is not disurbed...................
Benzene ring in chemistry was discovered by F. A. Kekule was a result of day dreaming as he said....... his dream was about a snake seizing it's own tail......that means thoughts were there still but may be it was a soothing thought or not creating any chatter in brain after he has done years on enormous analysis and research to come up with that structure....
What do you think?
May 23 2012: Hi Salim !
The history of science is rich in examples , Mendeleev's periodic table is also the gift of the dream. Or it could be the dream-like state of mind, or at least distracted, unfocused mind.
The snake motif, that symbolises the yoga concept of kundalini helped Watson to discover the genetic molecule, DNA. And it was after the "years of enormous analysis and research".
You see how symbol works ! Look through CECILIA' s comments if you haven't done it yet, symbols are connected with scientific breakthroughs in many ways.
But what i find the most interesting that, truth of the scientific insight is judged in terms of aesthetic criteria.
More and more often I hear the world "beautiful'' in a scientific context.
Just start to pay attention at this seemingly odd pairing : beautiful equation, set ...it is everywhere...
I think, that our intuitive mind doesn't discriminate Truth and Beauty. But to see the beauty in the equation your mind must be trained in this field.
And so it goes on in circle...
" thoughts were there still but may be it was a soothing thought or not creating any chatter in brain after he has done years on enormous analysis and research to come up with that structure...".
Maybe "a soothing thought " is a symbol or image ?
Thanks !May 21 2012: Cave art I guess was all that was available to early man to make sense of the external world, and the effect it had on their collective internal worlds.
Science and technology makes everything more certain to us now, seemingly obviating the need for art as being a representation of the unknown through mythology, metaphor, symbols and spirituality.
But we are still largely ignorant of how the relentless bombardment of modern knowledge affects us internally - especially as that knowledge is almost entirely science-based and under-represented in art.
The artistic outlets for coping with the 'internalised unknown' have largely vanished, leaving modern art as something of a pretence - a pastiche of what was once soulful expressiveness. Now it seems to originate from a region in the brain that is not naturally given to true, heartfelt expressiveness with the essential spiritual origins that once were prevalent.
Some people still have deep feelings about how the moon affects us, for instance, rather than regarding it in the light of earthly geological certainties, as just a lump of dusty rock that astronauts have walked on. It is difficult to express those raw, deep feelings through art or in writing, without being regarded as a primitive lunatic.
'Primitive' should not be seen as bad. If anything, it signifies mind and environment in balance - much better balance than the era we now live in.
May 21 2012: Allan,
you are right, 'primitive' is not at all bad. One day we will understand what exactly that means.
'Primitive' is a thing from which something is derived, not secondary ; from L. 'primitivus' - first or earliest of its kind.
These images are not beautiful, they are BEAUTY !
They give me an uncanny sense of deja vu, as if I see a familiar image and nothing can prevent me from recognising it for what it is.
I have never felt such clarity...
Thank you for sharing your thoughts !
John Edser
May 21 2012: I would like to propose that cave art represents an attempt to psychologically join individuals within our newest and most spectacular adaptation, the tribe. Neanderthal man did not attempt to live in large groups but Cro Magnon, who existed side by side with neanderthals, did. The benefits of tribal living over isolated family groups was immense. Thiis was primarily because of specialization and mutual exchange, ie what today we call trade which forms the basis of tribal group living. Productivity soars when individuals specialize and trade. Indeed, the larger the group doing this the greater the payoffs per individual. However, costs must also increase. The greatest cost is violence. Animals do not trade they simply appropriate using a pecking order. Early tribal man had to overcome this to allow mutual exchange involving individual bargaining. To be able to achieve this massive leap forward a tribal identity had to evolve. Art, music and religion, which differs between tribal groups, provided the psychological glue. Only those with the same tribal culture could be trusted to obey the tribal rules guaranteeing mutual exchange (not just appropriation). Like the petals on a flower, tribal identity evolved to become more and more complex and beautiful allowing the size of the tribe to continuosly expand thereby increasing each individuals ability to successfully manipulate the natural environment. The modern human movement out of Africa, in which man prospered in just every natural environment, was entirely dependent on the success of our newly formed tribal adaptation. This in turn depended on each individual demonstrating sufficient empathy with fellow tribal members such that they could predict individual behavior relative to group based belief systems. As amazing as this may seem, the arts were primarily responsible for conveying early tribal identiy and norms.
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John Edser
Independent Researcher
sci.bio.evolutionMay 17 2012: Cave art is an attempt by humans to document a living experience. As an anthropologist I dont see them as primitive; the creators of such works used the resources that were available to them to symbolise the emotion of the time in images.
There is no basis for comparing cave art with Da Vinci or Michael Angelo. A band with so many guitars,drums,pianos and wind instruments,played in harmony,is a band of musicians; a group of people seated around a fire and clapping happily as they sing and dance,are also making music.
We should not fall into the trap of thinking that life and art started when pop culture became a glorified tool for the advancement of capitalism and its desperate drive for profit.
Cave art is as valuable as modern art. Cave art is a connection to the past, an honest expression of being,and an heritage worth preserving.
Bruno Carre
May 15 2012: Having spent most of my childhood summers 20 miles from Lascaux, and having thought about what makes the human kind special (apart from wars, genocides and exploiting the earth until the very end) I have come to an optimistic vision:
- +1
ART is the most beautiful trait of human kind.
The will to express oneself through Art (whether it is painting, writing, sculpting, dancing, etc.) is unique.
Art is at the forefront of every era. I look at art pieces to understand the world.
Art is beautiful because it is useless in our everyday lives. Think of a "cave man" who painted the horses in Lascaux some 10000 or 20000 years ago. Life expectancy was about 25 years, finding food was a daily struggle and the only concern of these men. But one man (or woman!) f-e-l-t like it wasn't enough, and decided not to go hunting on a particular day and decided instead to go finding some flowers, minerals or whatever to fabricate chromatic pigments to paint and went deep in a cave and spent hours (days?) to draw his/her life, surroundings just for the sake of it.
How could we call that? I call that spirituality.
PS: to answer your question about the places difficult to access: Topography changed over thousands of years. Today it is hard to determine whether the caves -paintings- were 'accessible' or not, it remains an open debate. One thing is sure though: "cave men" didn't live in caves, they lived in the outdoors. Caves (at least all the caves I visited in Southwest France) are very cold and humid, nobody in his right mind would live inside caves, not even "cave men".
May 15 2012: A cave might not be the best place to live although there is some evidence that there was habitation near and in the entranceway if I remember correctly. However the cave depths would make the perfect place to go into for some sort of torch/lamp lit ritual. Or some theatre/dance/storytelling lit by the same method. Or maybe it was the the equivalent of an art gallery meant to be appreciated by the variety of lighting available in those conditions?May 15 2012: Bruno,
Merci pour vos reflections.
It seems to me these works at Lascaux took many months or years to learn the technique, master the craft and days to create.
I think you're right about caves, they probably lived in rock shelters, open air spaces, covered by a roof of rock in the side of a mountain. Perhaps at the back of the rock shelter was a cave, that's how I present it in the book I am writing.
I have visited caves in the Lot, but not the Vezere. I look forward to visiting the area in the future.
Terry Harman
May 15 2012: One can look at stone tools and skull fragments and infer a lot about the type of brain that our ancestors had. To me these cave paintings represent the point where we can say with absolute certainty that these people were truely like us.
- +1
I certainly find them very beautiful and artistically insired but it's impossible to know what the actual purpose of these paintings were. Very probably we will never know, but an interesting thought occured to me while trying to imagine what could have been going through the artists mind. Imagine a Paleolithic Shakespeare equivalent wanting to produce a truely imaginative piece of theatre and using or maybe even helping to create these paintings as a back-drop for her or his storytelling.
What was the story? The legend of a really impressive hunt, the creation myth of all the source of all the animals? Or was it more like a documentary instructing the youth how to best recognise and hunt certain animals at night by torchlight. Wait a minute...
Eureka! They were an early form of TED talk discussing the correct way to hunt various animals while sustaining the ecological balance of the habitat ;)
May 15 2012: Terry,
Interesting thought, a backdrop to story-telling or theatre.
Another theatre surmises some of these works were an early form of cinema.
In the right light and angle, some of those forms look like they're in motion.
May 15 2012: I'm glad you liked the idea, it just seemed to pop into my head at the time I wrote it.
On reflection it occurs to me that the idea probably came from having recently watched a documentary about Shakespeare that mentioned the theatre Blackfriars which the bard used to stage some of his later plays to a smaller, more upmarket audience. A more intimate setting lit with candle light with the audience sat around the front of the stage in a semi circle sounds rather like a cave to me.
I guess that's where my intuition dragged the idea up from and probably why I had the notion of a Paleolithic Shakespeare rather than say, a Paleolithic Aristophanes. It's certainly interesting that you note in the right light and angle some of the forms look like they are in motion. Maybe it was meant to serve as a backdrop for storytelling or a backdrop for some sort of ritual purpose...
May 16 2012: The Lascaux cave illustrations seem to have very similar concepts that I found studying ancient Semetic writing. I had been suspecting that the cave reflects a belief system so old that only remnants of it can be seen in Hindu beliefs and Judaic beliefs. The Ox and the Woman which is drawn on a stalactite at the very end of the cave seem to have something to do with what became eventually cow worship (which "Moses" disagreed with in Genesis, the cow was a symbol of something else, it was not meant to be worshipped but understood for what it represented). The phonetic sound A is from an image of an ox, which means spirit, strength and first. I have come to understand it as ox-power in the same way as horse-power is used to measure force. Ancient beliefs are consistent in cow worship. The ancients seem to have thought that that ox-strength (energy) is the creator of the universe.
I think our religions are remnants of a very very old belief system and the caves showed me just how old they might be.
Studying ancient art has made me realize that man has always been aware, always been contemplating the mystery that is human spirituality.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySRIvlmPbH0May 21 2012: CECILIA !
I am happy to find your comment here !
You said :
I think our religions are remnants of a very very old belief system and the caves showed me just how old they might be.
Could it be not very old belief system, but a kind of a farewell to that state of consciousness, when mind has not yet replaced the sensation of being one with a world ,
with a world of symbolic equivalents ?
" A land of innocence has no need for gods "
The Lascaux cave paintings are stunningly beautiful, as if beauty , love, truth , god were not yet named and felt as separate.
Thanks for the link ! It's a fascinating talk !!!
I'd like to know more about your research, could you help me with references, links ?
Thank you very much !!!May 15 2012: Just last semester I studied cave art. They are indeed breathtakingly beautiful. To me they meant a lot more than just another painting. Those cave arts are also a window to humanities in that era. Until today we still can't understand fully the lives of our ancestors, but those cave arts gives us a glimpse.
My best guess would be that the cave arts are used to communicate between people and also as a form of entertainment. Whatever the use of cave paintings really are, I think that the paintings are proof that art has been with us all along, since the very first birth of human.May 10 2012: I like Picasso's sentiment that, to paraphrase, we've learned nothing new in 20,000 years (leaving Lascaux). I read David Lewis-Williams's "Mind in the Cave" some years ago and studied cave painting some; the things that touched me most were evidence of gender differences in the hand prints, evidence of a child, held in an adult's arms while the adult blew the child's print on the wall, the extraordinary execution in difficult, cramped spaces. We haven't changed significantly, for all our technological mastery
I enjoyed Herzog's movie immensely, and deeply appreciated him documenting Chauvet for posterity; though I couldn't follow him on some of his more somber, cryptic digressions. The albino crocs seemed a stretch.May 9 2012: There is a wisdom tradition in many ancient and widely dispersed cultures that rocks are either sentient or have the ability to record and replay sentience
hommus spirtitualis
perhaps only the rock images survived..can we know for sure their clothing and hides drum heads and spear shafts were not also richly figurated and decorated invoking spriti, expressing spirit
hommus spritualis
impossible not to be moved by the celebration of abundance and of the rhythms and patterns of life in these chauvet images
hommus spiritualis
hommus spiritualisMay 8 2012: Cave of Forgotten Dreams is spellbinding. A fresh and very compelling re interpretation of all ancient cave paintings and rock paintings in this " meditation" on the Chauvet cave images.. I have only seen one ancient cave painting in person ( at Bandolier in New Mexico)..not as old as Chauvet or Lascaux but I was mesmerized..by the colors ( beautful reds and turquoise blue) and by the images..There is a lot about them that is primal, fundamental as in foundational, but they are not primitive.May 23 2012: Great topic Sid!
May 23 2012: CECILIA,
could you tell why all animals are represented in profile ? There must be some reason behind it.
Thank you !May 23 2012: absolutely!May 22 2012: Religious burials is a homosapien thing. The key difference is ritual. And it is quite documented, that human beings and religious rituals go hand in hand. Its a fact. Homo sapiens bother to have some kind of ceremonial burials with belief in some kind of higher force. Its an adaptation to uncertainty and death. Joseph Campbell talks about this extensively.
Even Boskops with their large heads have some kind of spiritual ritual. The matter of prefrontal cortexes and porpoises can be argued in the body mass versus brain size. I suspect the conversation has become more an atheist/theist discussion, of which I am neither.May 22 2012: I think most of it was useful information on how or where to hunt, but it isn't hard to imagine that some artists took joy in their efforts and were creative about it. After going to all the effort to manufacture paint and having vital information to impart, it would be silly to put your work in a place where erosion would erode or wash it away.
My most intimate experience with cave art was in Baja South where I discovered some simple shapes in a place that my instinct told me would be a great place to catch deer. Sure enough, 5 minutes of searching revealed the glyphs! It is interesting to me that most cave art is focussed on animals (food) rather than supernatural beings (gods). This suggests to me that the pragmatics of survival trumped religious or spiritual worship or exploration. It is only after we domesticated plants and animals that we had the time for theological musings.
May 22 2012: Animal art was a spiritual exercise as well. In fact gods/God only became human progressively in the last 6,000 years during the rise of civilization. I think spirituality is a human adaptive trait. It comes with the developed pre-frontal cortex.
May 22 2012: It is hard to know for certain isn't it? I consider spirituality to be the sense of wonder and awe we (and quite probably other animals) feel towards the world, or universe. By your definition we would have to include toothed whales, porpoises and dolphins as they have developed pre-frontal cortexes. Adaptive? Perhaps, but spirituality could just be a side effect of conscious awareness, and may turn out to be maladaptive in the long run. The jury is out on that one I think. It is also quite probable that different cultures had different perspectives on spirituality, with some valuing it more than others. And there may be a correlation between the physical success of a tribe with level of spirituality in that a tribe living in territories that had bountiful resources would find the leisure time for spiritual reflection.
We humans spend so much time emphasizing our differences from other animals that we often overlook our commonalities. As Tim Minchin likes to say, "we're just effing monkeys in shoes!"May 23 2012: Good question! I reckon I would define it as, "the ability to think about our own thinking processes", but I suppose I would include in that the ability to think in about the past, present and future. Some theorist call it metacognition. I believe animals "think" but I suspect most don't analyze their thinking process and make choices based on their conclusions. That said, most humans don't think about thinking either; they simply react.
It seems to me that a creature capable of metacognition would naturally arrive at questions about their origin and place within their observable universe.
Someone once described humans as "meaning making machines" We want answers to everything and if verifiable conclusions can't be obtained we will make something up to fit our wants, needs and desires. They went on to say that, "There is life, and we give it meaning, but there may be no inherent meaning to anything." That seems to be a very difficult idea for humans to accept or even entertain. What do you think?
May 23 2012: con·scious/ˈkänCHəs/
Aware of and responding to one's surroundings; awake.
Having knowledge of something; aware.
can one ever be unconsciously aware? when you are not conscious, you are not aware.
So conscious awareness means consciously conscious, or aware of awareness.
The "ability to think about our own thinking process" is called introspection. I think I've badgered you enough Mike. I'm sorry, I can't help it. lolJun 3 2012: Don't stop. I love a good badgering! My use of language has failed me again it seems...
We certainly can be subconsciously aware, and even an unconscious person responds physically to certain stimuli, so they are aware on some level.
I am a little confused about the second definition "Having knowledge of something; aware" as it implies that awareness is knowledge. Perhaps awareness is information. Insects are aware, but may not have knowledge..... etc.
What thinkest thou on the "adaptive unconscious"?
And how do you know animal art was a spiritual exercise? Is that a hunch your subconscious mind tells you, or is it a conscious deliberation, and if so how did you arrive at it?
Thanks you for the provocation Cecilia.May 22 2012: man has always expressed himself though art. what we know about our ancestors is due to this art. they left us a huge treasure in the form of paintings thinking that the future generations will find it useful. they shared experiences through pictures like our elders and we share to the younger ones. they didn't have a language to write, but they had vision and art. it connects us with who we were.May 22 2012: Cave art essentially reminds me that we all should always strive to leave our marks in this world before our time for living is up. Cave art reminds me that what we leave behind, in the physical and mental, can potentially become anothers treasure. Cave art reminds me to be clear on what I express.
May 22 2012: Good thinking, Kent.
The marks we make may be on other people, kids,
friends, neighbours, strangers.May 21 2012: I personally believe that the first person whoever scribbled something on a wall said "hey that's cool." I think he did want to express himself, his world, his vision of how the world is put together. It had all sorts of meaning just as art today has. I think most of it was totemic, but at the same time, there is an incredible expession of beauty. That longing for beauty I think stretched all the way back to their so called primitive brains and touched their own not so primitive psyche.
You I do think they enjoyed themsleves.May 21 2012: in australia on the central coast there is a plot of land the local indiginous people have been fighting to preserve as there are not only sacred carvings and cerimonial sites but thousands of years ago an egiption or greek carvings in the caves some have been closed over to conceal them too. But the hyroglifics are a testament to where they came from the ship wreck to higher ground. they carved these symbols (hundreds) in the rock faces some people i know have also expressed it is a map to show where they have travelled and indications of the observations they made at the time so they could trace their directions they have been. also recorded are rare birds and bush medicines that are being extinct because of the corruption of land being sold through the local government Gosford. thats another story....May 21 2012: In my writing intensive class we always touch upon this subject. We humans are always creating things not just to communicate, but to leave a mark. Something my professor always says, and I agree with, is that, these cave paintings are more of a message, something that says "I was here, this was me."May 21 2012: graffiti. making sense of the world. that the desire to create or express has been in our bones since the dawn..May 20 2012: Well Sid, we'll never know for sure, but the speculation is fun as well as being illuminating about our modern selves.
Were these caves magical, spiritual transition, labyrinths where boys became men? Or was it just art for art's sake - if so, why in the dark recesses of the caves?
I like the idea of young men being sent into the dark recesses of these caves to face their fears - connect with their power animal - visualise the hunt - to emerge, reborn as men.May 17 2012: Why primitive? Compare cave art with art of Michelangelo Buonarroti (for example "The Last Judgment"). That is complex. That expresses thoughts, an ability to abstract thinking and feelings . Picasso created an abstract art. Cave art makes me think of drawings of children, but this is my opinion.May 16 2012: 12000 years ago our paleolithic ancestors were emerging from an ice age. Caves must have been No1 on the agenda.
If you strayed too far you probably did not come back. Time must have been their most precious commodity All of each day spent in finding and eating food and equipping, clothing and defending themselves. They must have been thinking on their feet all of every hour.
These images we are discussing were not art. They were not paintings and they were not for admirers or to show off. They were fundamental celebrations of survival - footprints in the sand. and probably done from father to son - kind of strategy lessons, part of their growing up - What does a mammoth look like and how do you hunt it? draw your enemy and draw your food each night another trial tomorrow. They made it OK because we are still here. But now we have time to wrap up our expression and ask ourselves ''Is it Art?''May 14 2012: Answer what you know and solve for what you dont know. I am thinking the hands that are often painted on rock walls around the world can tell us more then previously thought but hey im just guessing and dont really have any formal anything. Feel free to use this idea I dont have any smart friends.
Males and females generally have different finger proportions. In males, digit 2 is shorter than digit 4, but in females digit 2 is the same length or longer than digit 4. The second- to fourth-digit (2D:4D) ratio correlates with numerous sexually dimorphic behavioral and physiological conditions. Although correlational studies suggest that digit ratios reflect prenatal exposure to androgen, the developmental mechanism underlying sexually dimorphic digit development remains unknown. Here we report that the 2D:4D ratio in mice is controlled by the balance of androgen to estrogen signaling during a narrow window of digit development. Androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor α (ER-α) activity is higher in digit 4 than in digit 2. Inactivation of AR decreases growth of digit 4, which causes a higher 2D:4D ratio, whereas inactivation of ER-α increases growth of digit 4, which leads to a lower 2D:4D ratio. We also show that addition of androgen has the same effect as inactivation of ER and that addition of estrogen mimics the reduction of AR. Androgen and estrogen differentially regulate the network of genes that controls chondrocyte proliferation, leading to differential growth of digit 4 in males and females. These studies identify previously undescribed molecular dimorphisms between male and female limb buds and provide experimental evidence that the digit ratio is a lifelong signature of prenatal hormonal exposure. Our results also suggest that the 2D:4D ratio can serve as an indicator of disrupted endocrine signaling during early development, which may aid in the identification of fetal origins of adult diseases.
Zhengui Zheng and Martin J. Coh1May 13 2012: Cave art (and rock art, hill art, etc) to me is the legacy our fore bearers left to point the way back to our dreaming power. That Stonehenge, Tadrart Acacus, Nyero, Cerne Abbas, the Marree Man, and the Nazca Lines have survived thus long is a testament to our ingenuity and our appreciation for the natural systems observable.
Above whatever immediate function they served, I imagine these proto-Michelangelos thought "Wouldn't it be great if this lasted ten thousand years? I bet our decedents will be so confused!"May 11 2012: It is just another example of human life. There are still other hunter-gatherers in the world today.
but such caves are almost unique. This makes me think of Thor Hyerdal , and his belief that there
are always special adventures and adventurers. I now wantg to see the movie even more after reading your comments. so the director of Fitz Correldo is still doing great things, but the subject is great. Be those
people. Remember the brain of a Neanderthal is 100 cc bigger than modern man.
Dan F
May 11 2012: I saw the Werner Herzog film and was fascinated by the images and commentary.
- 0
A sense of journey is what comes to my mind. Not a single journey of a single person, but a collective journey of which we are an ongoing part. This art is a marker of a time in that journey to be sure, and it is a depiction of real world images, but signifies an inward realm of existence that unites us around a fire, a story, a loss and so many things.
Regardless of motive, it transcends the individual artist(s) into the world of shared culture and made us all richer in the process.May 9 2012: I checked again and it blew me away again. 30,000 years ago predates known civilization, all ancient texts and even the last Glacial age. This, they were great artists and the brains are still having a field day with some cool speculation. HolyMay 9 2012: I have never seen anything more beautiful...
Here is my favourite link
http://www.lascaux.culture.fr/#/fr/00.xml ,
some helpful tech niceties and soundtrack doesn't hurt, it's quite good, actually.
Thanks, Sid for this conversation !
May 10 2012: What I find so exciting about these works is that they allow access to the minds of people of so long ago.
Sometimes it's hard to grasp the idea of deep past of 20,000 or 30,000 years ago.
Even a few centuries is the distant past for many of us.
Any assumptions about the way those people thought or why they created these works much be approached with humility.
I agree, Lascaux is one of the finest galleries of all time.
I have had the privilege of seeing two painted caves in France and have read many books on the subject. One I would recommend is The Nature of Paleolithic Art Dale Guthrie.
May 10 2012: Thank you for responding !
I know about the book you've recommended and have found some more, currently available in the net. But I've shifted reading them for 'not now' later time, as if I am afraid to ruin the feeling...I have a very strange emotional relationship with these paintings...
I can't yet explain.
The words that come to mind in attempt to describe what I feel seem adequate, but sound pathetic, really. Humility is just the starting point :)
I think, this art is an expression of a kind of not-yet-divided consciousness into 'me' and 'not me' and when you watch it you get somehow involved.
Do you feel anything like that ?May 9 2012: It means being connected in the depths of immemorial times. Who cares the purpose, who cares the cosmic possibilities, we see that and we hear them talk to us, tell us about their fears, their feelings, their minds. Oh hell! Their minds! Can you imagine being there, a small tribe perhaps, a bunch of beings like us, to be among the first to wonder about the whole enchilada. The first to question, to sit around a fire immersed in the vastness of our ignorance, wonderment, and that deep fear that comes from questioning and questioning, of not knowing, of imagining ...May 8 2012: These efforts were the first attempts to internalize the exterior world.
On me they make a deep impression as being the first art to express life.
As Mayans lived with maize those people lived with and were dependent on the animals they hunted.
This relation was the foundation of their existence.
To reproduce the image of the animal spirit gave power and confidence to anticipate success with the hunt. I'm sure they acted out the kill on those spots too to mentalize the process beforehand.
By acting this way our ancestors gradually closed reality out of dreamtime and communicated their story to each other as well as to later generations.May 8 2012: For me, cave art is a prototype of art and culture, but I think it is primitive. I'm surprised at "a technology" of painting on rock.
It's very amazing.
May 9 2012: mateusz
It is very very very far from primitive in execution, conceptualization and expression...and it has enormous spiritual power and expression as well.May 10 2012: I'm also surprised that you would consider it "primitive" A close look at the panel of Lions, for example, shows extraordinary feeling and sensitivity for the subject; there are indications of composition throughout the cave, using buttresses and wall structure to convey sign, all done in dimly (?) lit space. We have no idea what other activities went on (music/bullroarers, ritual??), if any. And, after all, it was Picasso who strove to return his art to the primitive, to more childlike expression. It may have been a prototype of fresco, most definitely "a technology of painting on rock", with rock (ground minerals). We have yet to tap out the form, fortunately.May 15 2012: Explain to me what you mean by "...but I think it is primitive"
I'm curious... ;-)


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David Collet's curator insight, September 1, 1:02 AM
I am really enthusiastic about alternative career paths. This looks like it may assist someone trying to find a different way to 'test the waters' of publishing to an alternative stream.
Fausto Cantu's curator insight, August 27, 8:16 AM
Porque Oculus se convertirá en la nueva pantalla de plata
Dominique Taste's curator insight, August 28, 11:28 AM
La technologie Oculus, qui appartient à Facebook, poursuit ses développements hors du jeu, vers le cinéma. Oculus Story Studio a déjà présenté 2 premiers courts métrages au festival Sundance 2015 et prépare actuellement 5 fictions qui devraient être visibles en 2016.
Jeni Mawter's curator insight, August 24, 11:24 PM
The reader/audience engages more when they invest in your story and have something at stake because of this investment.
Jeni Mawter's curator insight, August 21, 11:59 PM
A wonderful resource for anyone interested in telling their story in a multitude of different ways.
Dr. Pamela Rutledge's curator insight, August 15, 11:19 AM
The trouble with companies watching the world disrupt their business models is that it's hard for them to quit panicking long enough to raise their vision to reconceptualize how they can satisfy the market's core needs. (I'm not suggesting that this is EASY, btw, just necessary.) Think Kodak. People don't want a better magazine any more than they wanted better film cameras. www.audiencepsych.com
Fausto Cantu's curator insight, August 29, 11:03 AM
6 reglas para hacer películas en tiempos de la realidad virtual
Dr. Pamela Rutledge's curator insight, August 16, 12:51 PM
This shows how laptop and cellphone frames have become markers of authenticity and unmediated experience. Nothing says up close and personal like Facetime.
asli telli's curator insight, August 15, 1:30 AM
Virtual reality is all based on story telling, ideation, visualisation: i.e. "storification in multimediated terms"...
Henrik Safegaard - Cloneartist's curator insight, August 15, 2:41 AM
"The computing era has opened up new avenues of engagement in storytelling. From games right on through to social media. VR experiences are the next step in that evolutionary track."


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- Independent
- The Enterprise
- The Recorder
Charles County commissioners' President Candice Quinn Kelly paid a $570 fine and received three points on her driver's license for passing a stopped school bus at 8:39 a.m. April 30 while traveling east on Port Tobacco Road at its intersection with Causeway Street in Port Tobacco, according to online Maryland court records.
Kelly chalked up the violation to being "easily distracted" on the road and said the penalty "could never be more appropriate."
She did not contest the ticket. Three points and a $570 fine is the standard penalty for drivers who are ticketed for passing a stopped school bus and do not contest the citation.
"I'm more than happy to pay it, and I'm just thankful that nothing happened," Kelly said, adding that she apologized to the driver of the bus she passed and the parents waiting with their children at the stop.


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exchange it into the local currency to make purchases while you're there. Cuban currency is NOT traded internationally, so you can't buy it in advance. You buy it when you arrive in Cuba.
1.) The major legal currency for Cuba is the Cuban Convertible Peso, CUC. It's what you exchange your foreign currency for and make all your purchases with in Cuba. Most tourists will only ever deal with CUC. For international exchange purposes 1.00 Cuban Convertible Peso = $1.00 US Dollar.
2.) The second legal currency in Cuba is the simple and lowly Cuban Peso, CUP, which is rarely used by the vast majority of tourists, but it's still something you should know about.
Outside of a resort or hotel when you're travelling independently it's always handy to have a few Cuban Pesos on you. You get about 24 of them for 1 Convertible Peso.
Street food like sandwiches and pizza, fresh fruit drinks and other small purchases are all incredibly cheap for Cuban Pesos. Once you get a feel for Cuba – and if you speak a little Spanish – there are peso bars and restaurants that can be quite interesting. Movies are cheap too.
Both types of Pesos, CUC and CUP, are legal tender in Cuba and both are completely available to anyone – including foreigners – with no restrictions whatsoever . You can exchange your CUC for CUP at any bank and most non-resort and non-airport Cadecas.
As a first-time visitor to Cuba though or as a resort tourist venturing off the resort for the day you can easily handle ALL your transactions with Convertible Pesos, CUC. Don't worry about CUP.
Lastly, all your tipping at the resort is (of course) in CUC. Never tip in CUP.
Where to exchange your foreign currency:
1.) The best exchange rate is a Bank.
2.) The next best exchange rate is at any Cadeca. A Cadeca (Casas de Cambio which means House of Exchange) is a government exchange facility. They're located at airports, many resorts and hotels and at locations all over the Island.
3.) The worst rate can potentially be over-the-counter at any hotel or resort because the rate is not regulated by the government.
Very Important Rule: You require your Passport for ALL currency exchanges.
Travellers Cheques: They are more hassle than they're worth. They're sometimes difficult to exchange and when you do find a place to accept them you pay a commission to cash them. If they do get lost or stolen they can't be replaced until you return home.
Useless Credit/Debit Cards: Citi Bank, Capital One, Maestro, MBNA, AMX, any Mastercard from a Canadian Credit Union, Diners, Egg, Santander/RBS, Abbey, Abbey National, Marks & Spencer, Alliance & Leicester, etc. are some of the US affiliated cards that are useless in Cuba.
As for cash points I assume you mean ATM or exchange counters, these are pretty common in Old Havana certainly the currency exchange counters are easy to find, they are in every hotel.
Just to put my two cents in on Alethia's comments. CheersTerry is 100% spot on with his remarks. I've been to Cuba also and have responded to other poster's questions but using my own words and experiences. CheersTerry may have commented after my remarks but it was always in an informful and supportive manner. I never took it in a negative or belittling way. But I also wasn't plagerising anyone else's work. There's no crime in cutting and pasting as long as you give credit where it's properly due, which you not only failed to do but instead made it out as you were the one who did the work. And just an F.Y.I for you Alethia, Terry IS an authority on Cuba.If you take the time to scan this board you'd realize that. He was extemely helpful to me before my first trip. If anyone is being self righteous here it's yourself.
Ta Ta!!


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Older comments
I love Paul Mitchell Tea Tree, Phyto, and Frederic Fekkai. Lots and lots of great choices here!
by GigiSD Saturday, April 13, 2013 at 09:37PM Report as inappropriate
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I like Neutrogena products
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I can't believe a Head & Shoulders product made this list. They are all so drying. My husband tried them, and threw them out, and he usually uses his conditioner up even if he hates it.
by kimber314 Wednesday, January 30, 2013 at 03:02PM Report as inappropriate
Most of the above listed conditioners do not work on my hair, and they don't even make "Aveda Sap Moss" anymore (I used to use it).
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I love that so many of these are inexpensive. Thank you!
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So many, wow
by EricaF123 Sunday, January 13, 2013 at 07:57AM Report as inappropriate
tried alot of these but i seem to always come back to sauve &tresemme they work & don't empty out the pocket!
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The Tresemme conditioner is really great and I think it is good for all hair types. I have slightly oily hair and it works just fine.
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Best hair conditioner EVER is the Pro Naturals argan oil one. Garnier was terrible on my hair for some reason.
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text: This house is situated on the sea front and built on the rocks, with spectacular sea views and located in one of the most exclusive areas of the Costa Brava. From the property one has access to a little beach, going down some stairs. This house is built over different levels. From the drawing room, the dining room and one of the 5 bedrooms (with private terrace), as well as from the terrace and the garden one can enjoy the wonderful views over the Mediterranean. A part of the house hasn´t been completed and there is the possibility of extending the house, e.g. by 2 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms. Extras: electric heating, air conditioning in one bedroom, al fresco dining area with barbecue, porch leading to a patio with pond and surrounded by garden, play area, utility room, garage for 4 cars, save, sprinkler system.


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As I gazed around my office this morning, I realized it was lacking in – something. A hint of déjà vu washed over me, and I felt as if I have visited this topic before. Searching through the "Article Ideas" file on my computer, I realized I had written about this before! Reading my own words, I motivated myself to make my boring space a little more inspirational…
Magazines and blogs are overflowing with ways to be more productive at work or in your home office. Suggestions like adding plants, practicing yoga during breaks and listening to spa music fills the lists.
But what if you don't like listening to classical music while you work? Allergic to plants? That new greenery will help you get a lot of work done as you sneeze on your MAC. While I would love to think I am meditating on my break and guzzling water instead of coffee, I pause to be realistic. I am going to spare you the obvious suggestions: buy an ergonomic chair, add a plant, have sufficient lighting and organize your files.
I think we are beyond the obvious, don't you?
When arranging or re-arranging your home office, ask yourself a couple of questions.
What helps me think? What would make me want to spend more time in my office? What inspires me?
Whether your office is an elaborate room in your home or just your kitchen table, how can you make your surroundings work for you? Yes, you have just blown $1000 at IKEA finding the "right" office stuff, but will you sit at your desk and be productive?
If you are not inspired by scented candles and mid-day chanting, I offer an alternative to the zen lists…
#1-Ambiance-I like classical music as much as the next girl, but it doesn't always move me. A nice alternative and not as distracting as my favorite band, I have been listening to movie soundtracks. It is amazing how "The Lord of the Rings" can change my mood, stimulate my brain waves and motivate me to kill some Orc's/crank out an article.
#2-Pop a mint-When I used to work in a community setting that involved a lot of hot air, I would habitually pop a mint before any professional gathering. The refreshing yet soothing feeling a tiny mint gave me was a gentle pick me up for the next 30 minutes. Why not do this at home? Mint has a natural calming effect on the body. Ahhhhh…..
#3-Comfort is in the bum of the beholder-Fung shui in theory is a good idea, but I am too busy to read another book or hire a professional to come in. I say, go with your gut. What makes you feel comfortable? Re-arrange the furniture in your office. Position your desk so you can see outside.
#4-Now, take your office outside. I love working on my laptop in my back yard. I have small children, so they can play in the sandbox or ride their bikes around while I work.
#5-SHUT OFF YOUR PHONE and disable your email notification. Even if it's just for an hour. No one is going to die if they don't get a hold of you.
#6-Make a punch list. What do you need to do today? I am a solid believer that making a list will help you be more productive . And skip the electronic list maker. WRITE IT DOWN! Old school, on a piece of paper or write it on a dry erase board.
#7-Balance-Take breaks! Step away from work, even if it is for 5 minutes. Take a brisk walk to get your creative juices flowing. Run up and down your steps. Turn up your music and rock out for a few. You're home alone, so feel free to embarrass yourself.
#8-Surround yourself with positive images/things. What inspires you? What makes you happy? Yes, the fifty pictures of little baby Joey makes you smile, but what about the vacation you took to Europe? Print off pictures/images which whisk you away and give a temporary and natural high! Remember that really weird piece of driftwood you found on the beach? Use texture!
#9-Don't get too comfortable. The mission here is to be more productive, not to be so comfortable you fall asleep on your amazingly comfortable chair. Breathe some air. Is there a window near by? Open it. Even in winter.
Let's did deeper. What calms you on a stressful day?
How do you get inspired to get some serious work done from home?
Need some inspiration? These lovely ladies make me gasp with their creative visions!
The Lettered Cottage
The Pioneer Woman
And, oh my! I almost forgot – Miss Mustard Seed


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So Solid Crew are an English electronic and urban musical collective from South London, England, whose hits include "Oh No (Sentimental Things)" and "21 Seconds", the latter reaching number one in the UK Singles Chart in August 2001. Another hit, "They Don't Know", reached number three in November 2001 and "Haters" got to number eight in January 2002. "Ride Wid Us" was less successful (UK number 19 in April 2002). They released a single, "Broken Silence" which spoke out about government prejudice which they felt they had faced.
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Chemotherapy and Other Drugs for Lung Cancer
- Home
- Health Info
- Chemotherapy and Other Drugs for...
Treatment Cycles
Types of Chemotherapy Drugs
- Cisplatin (Platinol-AQ, Platinol)
- Etoposide (Toposar, VePesid)
- Bevacizumab (Avastin)
- Carboplatin (Paraplatin, Paraplat)
- Paclitaxel (Taxol)
- Docetaxel (Taxotere)
- Vinorelbine (Navelbine)
Side Effects
- Fatigue and weakness
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea and vomiting
- Hair loss
- Fuzziness in thinking, memory problems
- Risk of infection
- Skin irritation, cracked nails
- Rash
- Allergic reactions
- Mouth sores
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Tendency to bleed and bruise easily
- Fluid retention
- Bladder problems
- Numbness in limbs
- Infertility
- Fever or chills
- Low blood cell counts (such as anemia )
When to Call Your Doctor
- Signs of infection, including fever (100.3°F [37.9°C]) and chills
- Nosebleeds
- Sores in your mouth or throat
- Black and blue marks on your skin
- Nausea, vomiting, loose or runny bowel movements
- Pain that you cannot control with the medication you have been given
- Cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain
- Joint pain, fatigue, stiffness, rash, or other new symptoms
- Tingling in your fingers or toes or ringing in your ears
- Weight gain or loss of 10 pounds (4.5 kilograms) or more
Newer Treatment Options
- Sunitinib
- Vemurafenib
Chemotherapy (non-small cell). American Cancer Society website. Available at: http://www.cancer.org/Cancer/LungCancer-Non-SmallCell/DetailedGuide/non-small-cell-lung-cancer-treating-chemotherapy. Updated February 17, 2012. Accessed October 1, 2012.
Crizotinib continues to show promise for some lung tumors, faces challenge of drug resistance. National Cancer Institute website. Available at: http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/results/summary/2010/crizotinib-lung1110. Accessed October 1, 2012.
Crizotinib. National Cancer Institute website. Available at: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/druginfo/crizotinib. Accessed October 1, 2012.
Lung cancer 101. Lung Cancer.org website. Available at: http://www.lungcancer.org/reading/treatment/types.php#targeted. Accessed October 1, 2012.
Monoclonal antibodies. American Cancer Society website. Available at: http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/TreatmentTypes/Immunotherapy/immunotherapy-monoclonal-antibodies. Updated May 9, 2012. Accessed October 1, 2012.
Targeted cancer therapies. National Cancer Institute website. Available at: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Therapy/targeted. Accessed October 1, 2012.
What is immunotherapy? American Cancer Society website. Available at: http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/TreatmentTypes/Immunotherapy/immunotherapy-types-of-immunotherapy. Updated May 9, 2012. Accessed October 1, 2012.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: Igor Puzanov, MD
- Review Date: 09/2014 -
- Update Date: 09/17/2014 -


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Duke Football BIO
68 Brian Moore
2011: Played in and started three games ... suffered broken arm on August 12 and missed the first six games of the season ... after starting against Wake Forest, Virginia Tech and Miami, re-injured the arm against the Hurricanes and sat out the final three weeks of the year ... helped Duke rank among the ACC leaders in both passing offense (2nd) and sacks allowed per passing attempt (3rd) ... part of a Duke line that opened holes for 19 rushing TDs, a total that matched the program's highest output since 1995 ... played a total of 235 snaps including a season-high 97 versus Wake Forest.
2010: Academic All-ACC choice ... started all 12 games at right guard ... played 878 total snaps, the third-highest total on the squad ... played a season-high 90 snaps against Miami ... also reached the 70-snap plateau versus Elon (84), Wake Forest (72), Alabama (81), Maryland (81), Virginia (80) and Boston College (78) ... part of an offensive line that ranked third in the league in sacks allowed per passing attempt as the Blue Devils had five players with 30 or more receptions for just the second time in school history ... helped Duke's passing attack rank second in the ACC as quarterback Sean Renfree became just the fourth player in school history to throw for 3,000 or more yards ... also aided in Duke's enhanced rushing attack that showed marked improvement in yards per game (+46.5), yards per attempt (+1.2), runs of 20 or more yards (+8) and total rushing TDs (+13).
2009: Freshman All-ACC selection by Sporting News ... Academic All-ACC selection ... started all 12 games at right guard ... ranked first on the team in total offensive snaps (853) ... played 55 or more snaps in all 12 games including a season-high 86 at Kansas ... starting member of an offensive front that ranked third in the ACC in sacks allowed per pass attempt ... helped Duke lead the ACC and rank ninth nationally in passing offense.
2008: Did not see game action.
Prior to Duke: Four-year letterman at Ransom Everglades under Dave Hewett ... listed as the No. 43 offensive guard and No. 96 overall prospect in the state of Florida by Rivals.com ... ranked as the No. 41 offensive guard in the country by Scout.com ... charted as the No. 45 offensive guard in the nation by ESPN.com ... missed senior season while recovering from injury ... second team all-state and first team all-county pick as a junior ... earned Ransom Everglades' Most Outstanding Player award following junior season ... tallied 97 pancake blocks on offense and 11 sacks, three forced fumbles and three blocked kicks on defense during junior year ... named second team all-county as a sophomore ... recorded 37 pancake blocks on offense to go along with three sacks and one forced fumble on defense as a sophomore ... also competed in basketball and track and field ... set school records in both shot put and discus.
Personal: Son of Kevin and Cathy Moore ... born March 20, 1990 ... graduated from Duke on May 13, 2012 with a degree in economics ... currently pursuing a master's degree in economics.
Brian Photos:
Duke Athletics Teams
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August 31 2015 Latest news:
Matt Hunter
Sunday, July 6, 2014
A man was airlifted to hospital with "life-threatening" injuries following a crash between a car and a motorcyclist.
The accident happened in Benton Street shortly after 1pm.
The air ambulance landed at the scene to help treat the male motorcyclist, believed to be in his 60s.
He was given "specialist treatment" by air medics at the scene before he was taken to Addenbrooke's Hospital with "potentially life-threatening" injuries, according to the ambulance service.
The air ambulance service has now said he is "stable" in hospital with "serious" injuries.
An occupant of the car, believed to be a woman in a Ford Fiesta, was taken to Ipswich Hospital as a precaution with injuries which are not thought to be serious.
Fire crews from Hadleigh, Ipswich and Colchester were also called.
The road, which leads to the A12, was closed until around 4.20pm.
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The number of children per adult care provider and the total group
size are two important factors that indicate the quality and safety of a child
care setting. The recommended guidelines for these factors vary by the child's age, the type and size of the child care center, and other aspects. For example, recommendations for group child care centers are shown below:
Children's ages
Maximum child-to-staff ratio
Maximum group size
12 months or younger
3 to 1
13 to 35 months
4 to 1
3 years
7 to 1
4 years
8 to 1
5 years
6 to 8 years
10 to 1
9 to 12 years
12 to 1
American Academy of Pediatrics et al. (2011). Staffing. In Caring for Our Children: National Health and Safety Performance Standards—Guidelines for Early Care and Education Programs, 3rd ed., pp. 2–45. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics.
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Powered by IBS Cloud Solutions
In order to stay competitive, Mitsubishi Portugal needed to upgrade its ERP system with centralized warehouse management, improved service levels and streamlined order processing
Mitsubishi Motors Portugal CFO Jose Lança feels that the IBS ERP system is very flexible.
Japan-based Mitsubishi Motors Corporation (MMC) has manufacturing facilities in over 30 countries and its sales and after-sales organization is present in more than 170 countries. In 2007 the Mitsubishi Pajero won the Dakar Rally for the twelfth time (and seventh time in a row). No car manufacturer has ever beaten this record in the toughest rally on earth. Mitsubishi operates in Portugal through four independent companies with sales operations for vehicles and spare parts with a working force of about 60 people.
In 1998, in addition to the introduction of the Euro, in common with all other countries, Mitsubishi Motors Portugal (MMP) had to cope with expected millennium-related Y2K IT problems. MMP software could not support Y2K changes. The existing software had to go and a search started to locate the best possible replacement. After examining the full market spread, MMP decided to purchase IBS Enterprise software, ASW. "IBS has the best product for our business," explains Jose Lança, CFO, Mitsubishi Portugal. "We chose IBS software not only for the product itself but also for the people who would be supporting our implementation." The solution from IBS is able to support MMP's activities in terms of financials, cash management, parts distribution and invoicing.
During the last few years, the automotive business has suffered severe changes. At the moment, dealers are no longer single-brand but sell multiple brands, which has resulted in manufacturers losing control of the retail network. In addition, the spare parts business is also multi-brand. These changes meant that MMP had to be more competitive; otherwise the company's margins would come under pressure. It was therefore vital to find new ways to be more competitive to maintain and improve market share. The company decided to close its Portuguese central spare parts warehouse and rely on a single warehouse located in Spain that supplies parts to Portugal, Spain and southern France. To improve on previous service levels, MMP focused on the logistic parts of the business. "IBS software helps us because it is a very flexible system, and in tandem with the IBS people we made the necessary changes – which were transparent to our customers," explains João Ramos, IT Manager, MMP. This means that even the dealer who places an order for spare parts doesn't know their origin – nor does he have to know. Dealers will have access to a far greater spare part inventory than previously.
The installation of IBS software was not seen as an easy task because it was one of the first to be implemented in the Portuguese market. This meant that it was a new product for MMP and a new product for the IBS team supporting the product in Portugal. "But there was good cooperation between our 2 companies," explains Lança, "and the combined team was able to solve all the problems that occurred." MMP is very pleased with its decision to purchase IBS software. After the implementation the company noticed immediately positive changes in its activity. Improvements in task reduction, product integration and staff efficiency all became evident in a short time. "After the introduction of IBS software the production of reports became easier, additional and more detailed information was to hand, and we were able to audit our accounts," says Lança. "Furthermore, during a period of three years we were able to reduce our finance staff levels from 10 to 6 people."
With IBS software in place, MMP is now able to automate its ordering process. When an order for a spare part is received from a dealer, the IBS solution immediately sends the order to the European central system in Holland. The solution then locates both the part and the warehouse where the part is kept and processes the order. In more than 95% of the cases, this will be in Madrid. Only 5 minutes after placing the order, a dealer knows if the part will be received the next day or if not. Because all the systems are in communication with each other, all parties are aware of the latest information. An online stock inquiry facility with the European Central system lets a dealer see the location and quantity of a part. This lets dealers give reliable information to end customers as to the availability of spare parts.
One of the reasons that MMP chose IBS software was because of the quality of the IBS team that would support its business. "With the help of IBS staff we have been able to adapt the software to our needs and we are now able to support every aspect of our business," explains Lança. "There is no perfect software but with IBS software we can achieve A-level automation, which allows us to be more productive every day we use the system," adds Ramos. The company is so impressed with the way IBS has fulfilled and furthered the long-term partnership as originally envisaged that Mitsubishi Portugal is now working on a project to upgrade IBS software to the latest version.
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Name: Mitsubishi Motors Portugal
Region: Portugal
Operation: Import, wholesale and distribution
Products: Vehicles and spare parts
Employees: 60
Website: Mitsubishi Motors Portugal


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I'm fairly confidant in saying that tonight's episode of Vegas was my favorite thus-far. Directly following from last week's drama of Jack shooting Johnny Rizzo, the episode carried the investigation More »
Sometimes confessions are good for the soul and sometimes they are just soul crushing. In " Two of a Kind " Jack Lamb's was a little bit of both. How far Jack was willing to go to keep his secret q More »
The CBS TV Show Vegas 14 "The Third Man" airs Tuesday, Feb 5 (10:01-11:00 PM, ET/PT) on the CBS Television Network . Episode Synopsis : Jack needs to break devastating news to Mia, while he hides More »


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- Paul Reitz
- Cincinnati, OH
- United States
Student - in Business Administration, University of Cincinnati, College of Business
This conversation is closed.
Are colleges needed?
As a student in college I find myself constantly asking myself why I am actually here. I sit in classes I dont want to take, to learn things I will be re-taught when I enter the workforce, to get a degree that may not get me a job. I understand the value of education but why must people go to learn in a classroom where they could learn in practice.
bart hsi
Oct 16 2013: I happened to be in the same field; Business Administration, in my undergraduate education. There are frequently students, including myself. who believe that they have more time and energy to learn more than what were taught in class or assignments. However, if you are a quick learner, and a strong self motivator, then you could spare sometime on things that will increase you qualification in either application to a job, or gaining in competition during the training period.
- +1
For example, there are rapid change or development in the field of economic data analysis or use of computer algorithm in business activities, in sales and advertising or in financial planning. It wouldn't hurt, or actually be very helpful, if you seek additional materials to study by yourself. Furthermore, you might even get some assistance from classmates, the faculty or instructors on these subjects as well. Many of these topics are constantly changing in rapid pace, so that it would greatly enhance your level of competition in your future career. My personal experience was that I simply branch out to a related field, and then was admitted to a new field for my master's degree program. But either way, please try to explore new knowledge or new fields of interest to you if you have the ability to do so.
wayne uejio
Oct 16 2013: depends upon what you want out of college. If you want to get a job, then you need to check if a 4 year college is necessary. Some professions can be gotten into with talent and experience. Some jobs require the degree as an entrance ticket. (sometimes I feel this is silly but ...)
- +1
If you are looking for expansion and an education and learning - stretching yourself to do things outside your comfort zone, then college is the place. I do not mean just the classes but the discussions with other students, the outside activities. One of my friends said the best class was the lunch discussions which varied from day to day and the people would join or not - different group.Oct 15 2013: During a reduction in force (RIF) a Captain was told if he did not get a degree within a year he would be reduced in rank to finish his commitment. He went to the local college and the courses need to complete his degree which included ceramics .... two years later the space program begin and relied heavily on ceramics .. he became in demand and was promoted up the ladder.
The point is that all of those courses you had to take may make a difference in your life. Literature / English may not seem important ... but a scientist that cannot convey his findings through written or oral means cannot be of success even though he is at the top of his game.
College is not for everyone ... there are great technical schools available. For years we were taught that the road to success is only though college.
You are correct that academics as a rule do not provide you with the practical applications you will be taught on the job. In the hiring process a Masters degree (with no experience) is only equal to one years experience.
I suggest that you stick it out and then use the knowledge after entering the work force to help others who have the same concerns that you express.
Good Luck. Bob.Oct 20 2013: It is one thing to go to university and get a degree and being able to do things in theory but putting them into practice is a different thing. there are a lot of very highly educated people out there that can not think logically. But having a degree shows to an employer a sense of discipline in working to achieve it.Oct 18 2013: It is not only degree but where you get it. I have argued against HR about this and actually hired people with no degree or did not go to the "right schools" against the "advice" of HR.Oct 18 2013: Let me just say i have been struggling with the exact same question for nearly all of my engineering.And i think Richard Howes' comment-"Sadly the corporate world still values degrees, and until that changes, they may still be necessary to get a job and get paid fair value." hit the nail on the head for me.
Now i would like to know why the corporate world doesn't see the obvious demerits of the college system.
Oct 19 2013: Your question is good for you to consider, as there is usually some merit in a point of view you do not hold. What experience might they have with employees with university training that makes them want to hire more such applicants?Oct 18 2013: Somethings U canT Learn By Just PraCticless :)Oct 18 2013: Education is needed, get it wherever you find it. Fulfill your needs, follow your dream, live your passion. You may benefit from Steve Jobs Stanford speech:
http://youtu.be/UF8uR6Z6KLcOct 16 2013: It's a pity that it's still often the necessary ticket to the game, and even when its not, it can determine your income level. Of course for some fields, such as medicine its a necessary ticket.
For those fields where skill and experience is the only criteria that determine effectiveness and value, college is not necessary. Even in 1987 when I started university I knew more about software development when I entered than when I left, and spending those years actually writing code and working in the industry would have been years better spent.
Sadly the corporate world still values degrees, and until that changes, they may still be necessary to get a job and get paid fair value.
Comment deleted
Oct 18 2013: Good question, and it depends. If you get a medical degree, then a LOT. If you get an arts degree then probably nothing. And every value in between.
The challenge is there is great value in an education, but an education and a degree are not necessarily the same thing.Oct 15 2013: Paul,
I believe formal education is needed and desired by many people, and it is not for everyone. I personally have learned much more from traveling to different cultures, volunteering with several different social service agencies, and serving on planning/governing boards, then I ever learned in a classroom.
You say you are sitting in classes you don't want to take, and do not feel very confident that the degree you seek will support your entrance into the work force. You are taking courses in business administration, and the information in your profile suggests that you are more of an explorer of life and maybe learn more with hands on experiences?
Perhaps it is time for you to evaluate your goals? Your profile says you want to work with people.....how about doing some volunteer work in areas that you think might interest you? It might provide a little guidance to help you recognize a path that might be more enjoyable and suited to you?
Even if you decide to change directions, education is always a valuable tool which prepares us for the rest of our life adventure.
Welcome to TED conversations:>)Oct 15 2013: I imagine for some things a college education is the best idea. College in my eyes has always seemed experience based compared to lectures in a university containing hundreds of students. For my profession (PR) I applied to an agency and told them that I would be studying PR for four more years and they were shocked. Degrees can never hurt credentials but today I believe experience is more important.Oct 15 2013: Here is one point of view you could think about: http://harvardmagazine.com/2013/09/self-fashioning-in-society-and-solitude
Separately, why are you studying things that don't interest you that you know you will learn on the job? Why not study things that do interest you that will prepare you for a lifetime of future learning both on and off the job?
It sounds like you may not be making the most of the opportunity at hand. Maybe a college of business is the wrong place for you and you need to switch area of study.Oct 15 2013: I am sorry for not clarifying or being clear. I am not sure if people will continue to flood the college campuses or not but my question stands on what is the true worth of a college education. Obviously doctors, nurses, engineers, and a whole host of other professions need to be educated before entering the workforce. But what about the other branches? College of Business, College of Arts, Design schools. All of these different brands could stand to learn more by actually working in a field rather than spending and exorbitant amount of money in order to gain a degree. My largest complaint is through the idea of general education classes or electives classes.
Oct 15 2013: Well, if that's the case than I wholeheartedly agree.
Getting a degree for a degree's sake is a waste of everyone's time and resources. Unfortunately, its still a pretty prevalent demand in the job market today. Just because its a bad system doesn't mean its not here to stay, and refusing to play along can have unpleasant personal consequences.Oct 15 2013: Some things simply can't be taught on the job, which is what a degree is for. Though to be fair, not all jobs are like that.
I suppose it depends on what you're studying. A degree if philosophy is functionally useless in the workplace except for the whole "having any degree at all" criteria some workplaces require to get in, but you wouldn't want say, your doctor, to be uneducated.Oct 15 2013: Colleges are really needed . I'm in college too , and I often ask myself the same question . The point is college is needed , the school system ins´t.
I agreed we should do more practices things than sit on a classroom hearing a teacher and learning subjects that we don't like at all.
I think students, at a certain age , should have the power to choose all the subjects they want to learn. That way , they would learn whatever like and were forced to have the responsibility to chose and stand up for somethingOct 15 2013: Some jobs asks for college certificates, who wants to compete for those for them college is needed.Oct 15 2013: Maybe a university exists for different reasons than you are suggesting. Your question suggests why the per centage of college graduates will decline.


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|Lamar, Mo.
|High School:
|Lamar HS
2010-11: Outdoor: At Bill Williams/Bob Laptab (4/29/11) Maggie qualified in the 1500m with a time of 5:03.25...Ran the 3000 steeple race in 12:01.87 and qualified at John McDonnell Invitational (4/22/11)...Indoor: At the MIAA Conference Championships (2/25/11) Tennal qualified in the mile race with a time of 5:28.88...Ran a qualifying time of 11:18.58 in the 3k at MSSU Radio Shack Open Invite (2/18/11)...Cross Country: Tennal raced in five events for the Lions as a freshman ... her top 5k time of the year came at the Southern Stampede where she finished in a time of 20:14.25, and her top 6k time came at the MIAA Championships with a time of 23:32.20.
High School: participated in both cross country and track and field for coaches Rodney Baldridge and Toby Luce at Lamar High School. Tennal earned All-State honors and placed sixth at the 2009 Missouri Class 2 State Cross Country meet. She has a personal best of 5:42 in the 1600 meters, as well as a time of 19:57 in the 5k, and 12:15 in the 3200 meters. The daughter of Douglas and Christine Tennal, Maggie hopes to major in business at Southern.


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Digital Subscriber is a new group that will provide high quality modifications to the community. We are scheduled to begin operations on April 03, 2013. This group is owned and operated by Fabian S.
Companies, use this job board to reach artists and programmers with knowledge of today's game engines and hardware. Discover why our job board will find you better people than other job sites.
voice actress/actor, sound designer and level designer ds mod development anywhere or lower saxony, germany artists ***these jobs are not paid. we will not generate any money from this or other projects.*** voice actress/actor requirements: - communication skills that allow you to describe your process - working knowledge of voice recording and editing software - high sense of responsibility sound designer requirements: - experience in semi-professional quality audio production - ability to create a soundtrack level designer requirements: - experience with a professional level design tool - include examples of levels or environments you have made ------------------------ please add a résumé to the application. ------------------------ about us: we are a new development group that is working on a modification for valve´s half-life 2.
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