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While there are many ways this is happening, there are two in particular that I'd like to mention and as I said they unknowingly play on the weaknesses already present in the church. The first is related to one of the Church's primary problems; it still acts like it is important. Not that it's not important in the lives of it's members and (for the churches still actively practicing real outreach) in the lives of those they help, because for them it is very important. Rather, it acts like it is important in the overall life of the culture. More specifically, it acts like it is central to community.
The truth is, it used to be. The Church used to be the center point of life in many towns and cities, not to mention families. However, a long time ago the culture moved forward as world dynamics shifted and the church planted it's roots and was passed by. Now (with some exceptions), the Church has gone from being central to being on the margins, way back where it planted it's roots – it just isn't central to culture anymore. Yet, it insist (demands?) on being treated as if it were. It seems to believe that it can just go about being what it once was and demand that those who participate do it our way, the "right way." And people are staying away in droves.
When politicians play The God Card to garnish a few votes, they remind the rest of the US about one of the things they dislike about the Church, it's sense of privilege, entitlement and "rightness" - and they do it on a national platform.
Which brings me to the second way that politicians co-copting God is killing the church. If you are a Christian and you haven't read unChristian by David Kinnaman and Gabe Lyons let me highly recommend it (book review coming this week). I have to say, I am not a fan of some of the theology, but the research and what it reveals about the general public's perception of the church is both astonishing and right-on-the-money. One of the top issues it reveals is the Church's problem with being perceived as hypocritical. (Ok, you have to see where I'm going with this at this point).
Politicians are going to break their promises (I don't know why...that's just what they do. Get a history book and look it up). All these politicians flashing their particular brand of The God Card every time they have the platform ultimately just serves to remind people of the existing perception that the Church is hypocritical...and let's face it, we really don't need any help with that...just get a history book and look it up.


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After Earth (2013)
After Earth SynopsisA crash landing leaves teenager Kitai Raige (Jaden Smith) and his legendary father Cypher (Will Smith) stranded on Earth, 1,000 years after cataclysmic events forced humanitys escape. With Cypher critically injured, Kitai must embark on a perilous journey to signal for help, facing uncharted terrain, evolved animal species that now rule the planet, and an unstoppable alien creature that escaped during the crash. Father and son must learn to work together and trust one another if they want any chance of returning home.
After Earth Release Date
In Theaters May 31, 2013
After Earth Credits
Starring: Will Smith, Isabelle Fuhrman and Jaden Smith
Written by: Gary Whitta and M. Night Shyamalan
Directed by: M. Night Shyamalan
Produced by: Caleeb Pinkett, Will Smith, James Lassiter, Jada Pinkett Smith, and M. Night Shyamalan
MPAA Rating: [ PG-13 ]
Distributor: Columbia Pictures
External Info: After Earth Official Website
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if you're excited for After Earth

subset: commoncrawl


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Psychic Readings That Is Online Explained
Some platforms can actually make contact with the guardian angels of people that are other. Cards are 78 cards used to discover various psychic and mental routes people usually takes in existence. The goal is always to inspire them to make alternatives and armed together with the information displayed for them from the psychic reading online they have more understanding and knowledge of the way forward.
Do folks get good psychics, what're they for just? With any reading, often one thing that doesn't sound right will be said by the psychic. The email communications could be daily, weekly or monthly dependent on the technique registered for. Manage the item and make an effort to associate the item for the manager.
A conscientious and successful online psychic doesn't turn to be hostile or determined for business. Effectively, 1 might say that there undoubtedly are folks who offer free-psychic studying on the internet. We cannot say inside the first chat if they certified and are correct.
It is not unlikely to believe that everyone can become competent at presenting a psychic reading. You'll find three essential sides on predictions as well as the first of these may be the preparatory prediction. View in the eye anything slowing, that you are on the different frequency and so are currently shifting from the daily world, in to a different region of your head and so are ready for connecting in the form of thought, adding the senses that are conventional behind.
The resources the runes are created out of influences the reading also. For many individuals, love problems and a most important a part of their lives perform. Nevertheless, for almost any advancement to take place in the love-life of someone, it means getting action to create it about.


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Orlando Science Center's exhibit halls feature a vast array of exciting interactive experiences! Learning has never been so fun with these hands on educational exhibits. From down to earth explorations in natural science to the high-tech world of simulation technology, everywhere you look, you'll find educational and entertaining opportunities to explore, experiment, and discover.
Traveling Exhibits
The Orlando Science Center is home to some of the most exciting traveling exhibits in the country. When these exhibits are in town they are only here for a limited time, so don't miss the opportunity to see them!
Exhibit Halls
As great as our traveling exhibits are, there are some exhibits that are the staple of the Orlando Science Center. NatureWorks will have you up close and personal with some of nature's most fascinating reptiles. At DinoDigs, you'll step back into the prehistoric age. Discover the dynamic forces and systems that shape our Earth, as well as other planets in Our Planet, Our Universe. Explore such concepts as electricity and magnetism, lasers, soundwaves, and nature's forces in Science Park. No visit to the Science Center is complete without a trip to KidsTown, an interactive world dedicated to our smaller explorers.
Science Live! Programs
What's the difference between a great visit to a Science Center and a memorable visit? Live programs. Our exhibits are designed to inspire curiosity and exploration, our Science Live! programs are designed to bring the exhibits to life. Whether it's a show in the Digital Adventure Theater or a one-to-one interaction with a volunteer at the Crosby Observatory, our live programs create the kind of impact that can last a lifetime.
Science Stations
Looking for little more "hard science" in your next Science Center visit? Look no further than the Science Stations located throughout the facility. Science Stations are a cross between exhibits and live programs in that they're exhibits that typically include a live program to truly bring the experience to life. Science Stations provide an in-depth look at their respective subject matter in an entertaining way. Be sure to check your program schedule to see which Science Stations are conducting demonstrations on the day of your next visit.
Crosby Observatory
The aluminum-domed Crosby Observatory atop Orlando Science Center houses Florida's largest publicly accessible refractor telescope. This one-of-a-kind custom-built telescope, along with several smaller scopes, are available at selected times for solar and night sky viewing.
18 July 2012
Posted in NatureWorks
Until recently, the eastern diamondback rattlesnake used to be one of the most common snakes that could be found in the Central Florida area just hanging out in your backyard or residing near a body of water. The diamondback populates the woodlands and costal habitats from southern North Carolina to Florida; however, their presence continues to diminish as time goes on. Due to indiscriminate killing, hunting and widespread loss of habitat, the number of diamondbacks has been steadily declining.
The eastern diamondback is not endangered, however. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced earlier this summer a 90-day finding for a petition to list the eastern diamondback rattlesnake as a threatened species. The organization is currently researching and reviewing the status of the species to determine if the threatened species classification is warranted under the Endangered Species Act.
The Fish and Wildlife Service has taken action by reaching out to state and federal natural resource agencies for information regarding the eastern diamondback and its habitat. A number of different parties have come together to help address this issue, as one of Florida's well-known habitants slowly disappears. Once the review is complete, the listing of the eastern diamondback as an endangered species will either be: warranted; warranted, but precluded by other higher priority activities; or not warranted at all.


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Team 2012-13: Szolnoki Olaj KK (Hungary-NBI/A)Career: Bosna Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina-D1, 2006-07); KK Buducnost Podgorica (Montenegro-Super Liga, 2007-11); EWE Baskets Oldenburg (Germany-BBL, 2011-12); Szolnoki Olaj KK (Hungary-NBI/A, 2012-13)
Sead Sehovic followed his elder brother Suad to Sarajevo to kick off his basketball career at Bosna Sarajevo. After one season, he returned to his home country, developing his skills at powerhouse club, Buducnost Podgorica. The swingman showcased his potential early, as an integral part of Montenegro's youth national teams, making his first international appearance with the seniors in 2009. While the 24-year-old is still a player in progress and his shaky outside shot needs some polish, his basketball IQ and passion on the court weigh heavily in the pros column. His physically developed frame allows him to slash to the hoop, help out on the glass and come up with hustle plays that might not show on a score sheet, but are essential during a tournament like EuroBasket.


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"Big Fish," the Broadway musical (book by John August and music and lyrics by Andrew Lippa) based on the fantastical Tim Burton movie, has announced the dates for its pre-New York engagement in Chicago. The show, directed and choreographed by Susan Stroman, will play the Oriental Theatre with performances beginning April 2, with the run concluding May 5. Tickets will be on sale Feb. 4.
The design team also has been announced: costumes are by William Ivey Long, lights by Donald Holder, sound by Jon Weston and sets are by Julian Crouch, the Improbable Theatre artist who co-created the designs for "The Addams Family."
Copyright © 2015, RedEye


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Thank you for your interest in the ASCCP Practice Management material. This section is for members only.
If you are a member, please login.
For more information on ASCCP membership, please go here.
American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology
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Dan Powers
We would like to thank you for visiting our website and considering us for the purchase of your next new or pre-owned vehicle. It is our goal to provide you with an excellent purchase and ownership experience.
Let us introduce you to our staff, show you some of our special vehicle offers, and take you through our complete line of new and used inventory. We can help you find exactly what you are looking for.
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Eleven Men Out (Strakarnir okkar)
Ottar Thor is a champion soccer star, handsome and arrogant, who after winning a game casually tells a journalist he's gay. Imagine the surprise to his wife, a former Miss Iceland, his teenage son, already sullen and troubled, and his father, Thor's macho coach. Much to the chagrin of his family, Ottar exchanges one sort of domesticity for another. After choosing a same-sex partner, he is kicked off the championship team where players are presumably straight. But, once a player, always a player, and Ottar accepts a spot on a team in a basement soccer league that gay sportsmen from all over Iceland soon insist on joining.
Cast: Porsteinn Backmann, Lilja Nott Porarinsdottir, Helgi Bjornsson, Arnaldur Ernst, Bjorn Hlynur Haraldsson
Produced by: Júlíus Kemp, Ingvar Þórðarson
Directed by: Robert I. Douglas
Written by: Robert I. Douglas, Jon Atli Jonason
Running time: 1hr 25min
Opens: Nov 16, 2007 LA
|Theaters for Today
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Pyke Tub and Shower Set Trim Only with Showerhead, Shower Arm and Tub Spout
The Pyke Collection is a study in elegance. Sculptural in nature, this transitional bath line pays close attention to curves and the refined silhouette.
Jado 848/496 Features:
- Cast brass spout and valve
- Ceramic disc valve cartridge assures a lifetime of smooth handle operation and drip free performance
- Adjustable hot limit safety stop
- Pressure balance cartridge maintains constant output temperature
- Valve is not included and is sold separately
- Limited lifetime
Additional Jado Links
This Jado item can also be referenced by the following color/finish specific model #:
- Jado 848496.144*
Brushed Nickel
- Jado 848496.150*
Platinum Nickel
- Jado 848496.100*
Polished Chrome
*Discontinued model or finish
More Than Just a Store - Your Reasons to Shop
Discover the best online deals for the 848/496 and everything else for your home from the leading online home improvement store.
We're committed to providing you with the best assortment of Jado products with over 400 warehouses across the country.
Our knowledgeable product specialists work to bring you the best prices on every product and provide unmatched customer service. Your satisfaction is our highest priority!
Manufacturer Resources
Installation Resource Center
Whether you are installing the product yourself or hiring a professional, our installation Resource Center has everything you need to get your project done. Visit the Installation Resource Center to get started.


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jul 2, 2009
|Filing date
|Jan 24, 2005
|Priority date
|May 6, 2004
|Also published as
|Publication number
|A. David Johnson, Michael Bokaie, Valery Martynov
|Original Assignee
|Johnson A David, Michael Bokaie, Valery Martynov
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Referenced by (4), Classifications (39), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application claims the benefit under 35 USC �119(e) of U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/569,659 filed May 6, 2004.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to mechanical devices that have a component in which large recoverable distortions are advantageous.
2. Description of the Related Art
Shape memory alloy materials (also termed SMA) are well known. One Common SMA material is TiNi (also known as nitinol), which is an alloy of nearly equal atomic content of the elements Ti and Ni. Such an SMA material will undergo a crystalline phase transformation from martensite to austenite when heated through the material s phase change temperature. When below that temperature the material can be plastically deformed from a memory shape responsive to stress. When heated through the transformation temperature, it reverts to the memory shape while exerting considerable force.
In the prior art many different useful devices employing SMA have been developed and commercialized. The typical SMAs used in the prior art devices are of polycrystalline form. Polycrystalline SMA exhibits both: 1) shape memory recovery (when cycled through the material s transformation temperature) and 2) superelasticity. The term superelasticity applies to an SMA material which, when above the transformation temperature (in the austenite crystalline phase), exhibits a strain recovery of several percent. This is in comparison to a strain recovery on the order of only about 0.5 percent for non-SMA metals and metal alloys.
Superelasticity results from stress-induced conversion from austenite to martensite as stress is increased beyond a critical level, and reversion from martensite to austenite as stress is reduced below a second (lower) critical level. These phenomena produce a pair of plateaus of constant stress in the plot of stress versus strain at a particular temperature. Single crystal superelasticity is characterized by an abrupt change in slope of the stress strain plot at a combination of stress, strain, and temperature characteristic of that particular alloy.
Shape memory copper-aluminum based alloys grown as single crystals have been experimentally made in laboratories, typically in combination with about 5 percent Ni, Fe, Co, or Mn. The most common such CuAl-based alloy is CuAlNi, which is used throughout this description as the primary example: others are CuAlFe, CuAlCo, and CuAlMn. Single crystal SMA materials when stressed have the property of enabling a shape memory strain recovery much greater than polycrystalline SMA, and superelastic shape recovery as great as 24 percent.
A general object of this invention is to provide new and improved devices and apparatus having a component or components in which large recoverable distortions can be advantageous.
The invention in summary provides devices and apparatus having at least one component made of a single crystal shape memory alloy, defined herein as hyperelastic SMA, having properties enabling the component to undergo large recoverable distortions. Such distortions can be at least an order of magnitude greater than that which could be obtained if the component were made of non-SMA metals and alloys, and nearly an order of magnitude greater than can be obtained with polycrystalline SMA materials. In different embodiments of the invention, devices and apparatus having components comprised of hyperelastic SMA can serve as: actuators for the active deployment of structures such as booms, antennae and solar panels; actuators for releasing door locks, moving mirrors and fuel injectors; flexures; constant force springs; connectors; dampeners; valves; microchip substrates; support members; non-explosive separation devices; catheter guide wires; laproscopic instruments; medical implants such as stents; micro-connectors; switches; circuit breakers; electronic test equipment; flexible electric cables; heat conductors; consumer products such as safety valves, eyeglass frames and cellular telephone antennae; and many other devices and apparatus in which large recoverable distortions of a component or components can be advantageous.
In its broadest concept, the present invention provides devices and apparatus having a component made of a single crystal SMA material which has the property of enabling a repeatable strain recovery of as much as 24 percent.
Because the range of strain recovery is so far beyond the maximum strain recovery of both conventional polycrystalline SMA materials and non-SMA metals and alloys, such repeatable strain recovery property of single crystal SMA is referred to herein as hyperelastic. Further, materials exhibiting hyperelastic properties are referred to herein as hyperelastic materials. Also as used herein, the phrase large recoverable distortion means the magnitude of repeatable strain recovery described above for a hyperelastic material.
Within the past two decades, SMA materials have become popular for use as actuators due to their ability to generate substantial stress during shape recovery of large strains during temperature-induced phase transformation. The energy density of such actuators is high compared to other alternatives, such as electromagnetic, electrostatic, bimetals, piezoelectric, and linear and volume thermal expansion effects of ordinary materials. The operating cycle of an SMA actuator includes deformation during or after cooling, and subsequent heating which results in a temperature-induced phase transformation and recovery of the deformation. SMA actuation is favored where relatively large force and small displacements are required in a device that is small in size and low in mass.
Shape memory is the ability of certain alloys to recover plastic deformation, which is based on a diffusionless solid-solid lattice distortive structural phase transformation. The performance of shape memory alloy based actuators strongly depends on the amount of recoverable deformation. In turn, recoverable deformation itself is a function of the lattice distortions which take place during martensitic phase transformation in the particular SMA. For an individual grain (single crystal) of SMA, the amount of possible recoverable strain after uniaxial loading, depends on the particular crystallographic orientation of the deformation tensor relative to the crystallographic axes of the high temperature (austenite) phase and the sign of applied load (tension or compression).
For a given deformation mode, the recoverable strain is strongly orientation dependent, and for the various crystallographic directions it differs by approximately a factor of two.
The recoverable deformation of these polycrystalline SMA alloys, due to the lattice distortion during diffusionless solid-solid phase transition, is substantially lower than is theoretically possible for a given material. The main reason for this is that for a conglomerate of randomly oriented grains (as is normally the case for polycrystalline materials), the average deformation will always be less than the maximum available value for a given grain. The diffusionless nature of phase transitions in SMA results in strict lattice correspondence between the high temperature (austenite) and low temperature (martensite) lattices. As the symmetry of the martensite lattice is lower than that of austenite, maximum deformation in each grain can only be attained in one particular crystallographic direction. This means that for randomly oriented grains (as normally is the case for polycrystalline materials), the average deformation will be at least a factor of two less than the maximum.
The restrictions imposed on a polycrystalline body by the deformation mechanism is another reason for diminished recoverable deformation in polycrystals as compared with a single crystal. To maintain integrity of the polycrystal, deformation of each particular grain has to be less than that corresponding to the theoretical limit for lattice distortion.
Therefore, for polycrystalline material, resultant recovery is the vector sum of particular grain deformations over the whole range of grain orientations, and is significantly smaller than the maximum value for an individual single crystalline grain.
By comparison, recoverable deformation close to the theoretical value (lattice distortion) can be achieved in single crystalline SMA. In addition to the substantially increased recoverable deformation, absence of grain boundaries results in increased strength and longer fatigue life. Specifically, as a single crystal, the strength of the grain for CuAlNi SMA can be as high as 800 MPa with the potential limit for recoverable deformation up to 9 percent and even higher for special deformation modes. An additional advantage of a single crystal SMA is that not only the thermally induced phase transformation may contribute to the recoverable deformation, as in the case for polycrystals, but also the stress-induced martensite-to-martensite phase transitions. Depending on the material, this additional contribution may be up to 15 percent; therefore the total theoretical recovery can be as high as 24 percent.
The graphs of
The advantages of single crystal SMA over polycrystal SMA for mechanical devices include:
Additionally, single crystal SMAs exhibiting hyperelasticity benefit from a second stress plateau which can increase the total recoverable strain to 22 percent.
Since single crystals cannot be processed by conventional hot or cold mechanical formation without breaking single crystallinity, a special procedure is required for shaping single crystals in the process of growth as the crystal is pulled from melt, resulting in finished shape.
Single crystal SMA is made in a special crystal-pulling apparatus. A seed of the desired alloy is lowered into a crucible containing a melted ingot of the alloy composition, and gradually drawn up. Surface tension pulls the melted metal along with the seed. The rising column cools as it leaves the surface of the melt. The rate of drawing is controlled to correspond with the rate of cooling so that a solid crystal is formed at a region that becomes a crystallization front. This front remains stationary while the crystal, liquid below and solid above, travels through it. The top surface of the melt can contain a die (of the desired cross-sectional shape) that forms the shape of the crystal as it grows. This procedure generally is known as the Stepanov method of making single crystals.
From the known Cu—Al phase diagram, rapid cooling (quenching) of the drawn crystal is necessary for production of single crystal beta phase that has the desired hyperelastic properties. Starting with beta phase at 850-1000 Celsius, if the alloy is cooled slowly the beta phase precipitates as beta+gamma, and at lower temperatures, as alpha+gamma-2. Single crystal beta phase, which requires that Al remains in solution at room temperature, is formed by rapid cooling in salt water from 850 Celsius. At elevated temperatures, above 300 Celsius, some decomposition gradually occurs; in fact, beta phase is not entirely stable at room temperatures but the time constant for decay is many years. The known phase diagram for the ternary CuAlNi alloy has similar characteristics.
The various device applications contemplated by the invention with hyperelastic single crystal SMA are constrained by the intrinsic properties of the material, and by its behavior during forming and machining and other secondary manufacturing processes. For example, it has been shown that exposure to high temperature and/or stress can lead to recrystallization and the formation of unwanted crystals. The known forming and machining processes which are successful include lathe machining, electro-discharge machining (EDM), grinding, laser cutting, electro-polishing, and the like. These processes can be used to manufacture many basic shapes of the hyperelastic SMA, including rods, ribbons, flexures, coil springs, leaf springs, serrated tubes, tubes, pins and bi-stable elements.
Single crystal shape memory materials have significantly smaller thermal and mechanical hysteresis than polycrystalline materials. This is advantageous since less energy is absorbed in the material on each cycle, less heating occurs and more of the energy is recovered during the shape recovery.
Single crystal SMA hyperelastic components of mechanical devices generally provide a significant advantage over other device components currently available because they enable large displacement at constant force. For example, aerospace applications include actuators which may be used as motors to gently deploy spacecraft components such as booms, antennae and solar panels. Other aerospace applications include usage as constant force springs, flexures or connectors that need to accommodate very severe deformation but which spring back once the constraint is removed.
Commercial applications for hyperelastic SMA components are similarly of wide scope. They may be employed as a significantly improved replacement actuator or flexure over prior art SMA actuator applications. These applications include thermostatic valves, tools and instruments used in medicine, and other applications such as eyeglass frames and cellular telephone antennae.
The invention contemplates the following device applications having hyperelastic SMA components:
The present embodiment provides the use of hyperelastic SMA in applications such as equipment for sports and other activities.
Many of the above benefits will be most advantageous to amateurs, occasional athletes, and elderly people whose flexibility is impaired.
The following embodiments provide devices such as hinges or flexures made of hyperelastic SMA that allow constrained relative motion without sliding or rotating components. These are used in space vehicles to provide lightweight structures such as booms that must be folded for launch into space. Similar flexures can also be used to replace prior art eyewear hinges.
These embodiments incorporate single-crystal hyperelastic materials into devices resembling tape-hinges resulting in superior load-carrying capability.
For spacecraft applications, the hinges/flexures must bend through an arc of 180 degrees to be useful in folding structures such as booms that are stored during launch in a minimal volume. Minimum size of the folded structure is achieved when the flexures bend through a minimal radius. In prior art implementations, flexures were made of thin steel curved tape. Steel in thin tape form does not provide optimum rigidity and strength for a functioning boom. This invention uses hyperelastic SMA in flexures capable of repeated recoverable large deformations to minimize size, maximize strength, and provide good vibration damping characteristics.
Among the design considerations for flexure design are that compression rigidity and resistance to buckling of the flexures should be consistent with that of the other components of the structure. These considerations set specifications for the flexure: length, thickness, width, curvature. This leads in turn to a design for a sliding die-mold for making the hyperelastic components.
In this embodiment, a tape hinge or flexure is formed by making a portion of a thin-walled cylinder and fixing it to rigid members or struts at the ends.
A principal feature of the invention is a "snap-through" action that resists bending because of its cylindrical symmetry which is very rigid for its mass, but when an applied force causes the flexure to buckle, it bends through a large angle with a smaller force. After buckling there is little restoring force because of its shape, that is, bending through a severe bending angle at a small radius of bend is possible because of the hyperelastic quality of the flexure. The flexure returns to its straight cylindrical rigid shape with a snap action because rigidity increases rapidly as the flexure assumes its cylindrical shell shape.
Performance of these devices, and their applicability, can be enhanced by increasing the recoverable strain, enlarging the stress tolerance, and extending the hyperelastic temperature range of the SMA materials. The method of deformation in tape-hinges results in non-uniform strain.
As the bending torque/moment is applied, the edge of the tape element is under tension, resulting in strain. After buckling occurs, this strain remains, and a bending moment is applied such that the inner surface is under compression and the outer surface is under tensile stress, with a neutral axis near the center of the cross-section.
Incorporating the SMA hyperelastic technology into a design in which all mechanical elements are in pure tension or pure compression, it becomes possible to build a structure that is very light, has a high packing factor for stowage, has a minimum of moving parts, and is very rigid for its weight. It is also possible to make it highly damped against vibrations. Hyperelastic alloys allow construction of structures that are strong against buckling while attaining a sharp radius of bend for compact folding.
It is desirable to make hinges that have no rotating or sliding parts. These devices can be used in spacecraft. One known form of hinge is a 'carpenter's tape' hinge. Such a hinge may be made by bending an elongate element having a thickness much smaller than the width and having a curved cross-section. Such an element has a 'snap-action'. These hinges when made of steel or materials with ordinary elasticity are restricted to a small thickness in order to control the degree of strain within the elastic limit of the material. Limiting the strain to elastic deformation limits the rigidity that can be achieved with BeCu and steel tape-spring hinges. Thus such prior art hinges are limited to relatively light loads, and Structures incorporating such hinges are not as rigid as is desired.
A material having greatly increased elasticity will enable the fabrication of 'carpenter's tape' hinges with increased load-carrying capacity. One such material is hyperelastic single-crystal copper aluminum nickel in accordance with the present invention. This embodiment provides a significant improvement in the performance of tape hinges by exploiting the properties of hyperelastic shape memory phase change material.
A material having greatly increased elasticity will enable the fabrication of 'carpenter's tape' hinges with increased load-carrying capacity.
As shown in
Flexure 40 is adapted for use in coupling together components of the extendible boom segment 48 of
A plurality (shown as eight for the two frames) of flexures 40 a, couple together the outer ends of each pair of struts to respective corners of the two frames. One end of each such flexure is secured to the frame corner while the other end of that flexure is secured to the respective end of a strut. A plurality (shown as four for the two frames) of flexures 40 d, couple together the inner ends of the strut pairs.
The flexures are operated toward their deployed positions by suitable actuators, not shown. For deployment, the actuators could be operated to move the two frames 50, 52 axially apart a distance sufficient to pivotally move the opposite ends of each flexure through arcs that cause the flexure to buckle and snap-through to the full 180 degrees arc of travel, which then becomes a stable position. A plurality of the boom segments could be mounted together in stacked relationship to form a boom structure that can deploy out to a longer overall length, as desired.
The snap-through hinge or flexure 40 offers additional stiffness when in the deployed position. In the prior art, hinge/flexure devices have been manufactured from materials such as Stainless Steel or Beryllium Copper. However, such devices aboard space applications have been limited to smaller deployables primarily because they lack the stiffness necessary to support larger structures. This is due to the very limited strain (<0.3 percent elastic) which these materials can endure. Therefore to achieve the necessary 180 degree fold for compact stowage, they must be made ultra thin reducing their axial stiffness. By comparison, the much greater strain recovery capability of hyperelastic SMA components allows flexures as in the present invention to be made on the order of 30 times thicker, providing an order of magnitude increase in axial rigidity.
Combining novel boom architecture with hyperelastic SMA enables implementation of ultralight, compact structures such as booms for use in space deployment of solar sails, large-aperture antennas, and optical instruments. These booms will have the advantages of light weight, minimal moving parts, and reduced stored mechanical energy compared to other folding structure designs.
Advantages and disadvantages of the hyperelastic tape hinge flexure/boom device embodiments of the invention include:
Guidewires are used to enable insertion of catheters into blood vessels and many other medical procedures. A guidewire is inserted ahead of the tip of the catheter, and then the catheter is advanced thought the blood vessel guided by the wire. The principal characteristics of guidewires are flexibility to permit following the contour of tortuous lumens, and resistance to kinking.
The best prior art guidewires in current use are superelastic wires made of polycrystalline SMA, principally TiNi. The superelastic property of TiNi limits the forces exerted by the wire against the blood vessel tissue while the wire bends as it follows curvatures of the lumen. TiNi superelastic guidewires are less susceptible to kinking than stainless steel wires, and they have good "torque-ability", that is they can be turned (twisted) along their long axis without objectionable flexing.
Single-crystal wires of CuAlNi SMA exhibit hyperelasticity compared to prior art shape memory wires, and the shape recovery is total rather than partial, as shown in
Rods of CuAlNi are formed by pulling them from a melted ingot by the Stepanov method. The composition of the ingot from which the wire is drawn can be adjusted, thereby lowering its transformation temperature, and making the wire stiffer. The composition of the ingot is made such that at human body temperature of 37 Celsius, the CuAlNi material is hyperelastic
The rod is subsequently re-heated and quenched by rapid cooling to retain the nickel and aluminum dissolved in the copper matrix. The rod is heated in an air furnace and dropped into a salt-water bath. Salt water is used for the quenching bath because fewer bubbles are formed and the resulting temperature drop is more rapid.
CuAlNi single crystal material cannot be plastically deformed to reduced diameter, so after quenching the rod is centerless ground and otherwise processed by abrasive machining to achieve the desired size and shape. The rod may be processed by conventional machining so long as the surface stresses are not so great as to cause multiple large crystals to form at the surface. Micro- or nano-crystals may be removed by abrasion and polishing, including electro-polishing.
The rod may also be processed by EDM. After EDM, the surface should be abraded to remove the re-deposited material and micro- or nano-crystals that may have formed. Otherwise these may act as a source for crack initiation. Single crystal CuAlNi is notch and crack sensitive, making it appear brittle if the surface is not smooth.
Wires of single crystal CuAlNi SMA can be deformed more than TiNi wires and still recover all of the deformation without damage when the restraining force is removed. Increased flexibility enables a CuAlNi wire to bend through a smaller radius without becoming permanently deformed. Hence CuAlNi SMA guidewires are superior to those made of polycrystalline SMAs such as Nitinol.
In hyperelastic SMA wires stiffness is not isotropic. For example, a wire can be elongated in the <100> direction much more easily and to a larger strain than in the <110> direction. This is used to advantage for making guidewires that are very flexible but have good 'torque-ability'.
Stiffness can be tuned from wire to wire. Two wires of the same diameter may be designed to have different stiffness through minor adjustments in the composition.
Stiffness can also be tuned along the length of a wire by two methods. First, differing composition can be accomplished, as an ingot of a given composition can be used as a seed for pulling a second ingot as a continuous single crystal of slightly different composition having increased or diminished stiffness. Second, the fraction of aluminum that remains in solution depends on the temperature to which the material is heated before quenching. In that case, a heater is provided to heat one end of the wire to a slightly higher temperature than the other so that when the wire is quenched by rapid submersion in salt water the cooler end has less dissolved aluminum and nickel.
The guidewire is formed with a thickness in the range 0.012 to 0.039 inches, and preferably 0.018 and 0.038 inches. The guidewire can have different lengths depending on the application. The preferred length is in the range of 42 and 100 inches.
The hyperelastic SMA guidewire can be fabricated with a non-elastic segment, such as the tip. This is accomplished by making the segment of single crystal SMA having a transition temperature above body temperature of 37� C. The material in this segment is then martensitic, is easily deformed, and remains deformed after being deformed. Deformation can be removed by heating to above the transformation temperature while the object is at zero external stress so that the wire can be inserted into a lumen. At the desired position within the lumen, the segment is then heated by suitable means above the transition temperature so that the tip reverts to its memory shape with the specific curve or turn and in which the tip segment remains non-elastic as long as it is above the transition temperature.
CuAlNi can also be combined with other materials to make composite materials with specific properties. CuAlNi single crystal can be pulled from melt as a cylinder or tube. Adding lubricants can increase tube lubricity. The single crystal CuAlNi wires can be coated with polymers or with metals. Such coatings can be used for providing increased biocompatibility.
The advantages of the guidewires of the invention include their suitability for use in minimally invasive surgery, especially intravascular procedures. The guidewires have increased flexibility compared with conventional materials used in such procedures. The guidewires enable surgeons of ordinary skill to perform certain specific procedures that currently require highly skilled specialists. The guidewires of these embodiments can save time in the operating room. The guidewires have the ability to be more versatile than ordinary prior art guidewires, in particular enabling the surgeon to use the same guidewire both for entering a tortuous lumen and for deployment of a balloon or other appliance.
Microelectronics circuits, fabricated on silicon dies, are becoming smaller, more complex, and faster. Each of these characteristics raises problems with manufacture.
The microelectronics industry faces two principal problems: extreme miniaturization and high data transfer rates, which manifests itself as High frequencies. The time may be approaching when microelectronics circuits on chips can be manufactured but cannot be adequately tested during manufacture.
Smaller chips mean that spacing between contact pads becomes smaller. Typical pitch of bonding pads ('bumps') is now smaller than 0.5 mm. Recommended contact force is in the tens of grams.
Increasing complexity brings with it a need for increased testing during manufacture. Wafers, dies, and die modules are tested before installation of a component in a system. This increased testing is expensive: up to 60 percent of manufacturing cost. And increased handling can lead to damage of the die unless the contacts are carefully probed. Each test runs some risk of damage to the die, so that methods that minimize damage are desirable to optimize yield.
Microprocessors now operate at multiple gigahertz rates. At such high frequencies, radiation from exposed conductors as short as a few millimeters is significant, leading to cross talk between connectors and loss of signal strength. A method of shielding leads, analogous to coaxial cable, would ameliorate this source of testing failure.
A solution to these problems is constrained by requirements of manufacturing:
Every new tool should be backwards compatible so that new equipment can be integrated with existing equipment and methods.
Methods should not damage pads.
Contact should have 'wipe' to remove oxide and make low-ohmic contact.
Contact force should be adequate for low-ohmic contact: tens of grams.
Compliance is needed to compensate for tolerances in pad height and misalignment of dies in fixturing.
Variation in height of 'bumps' is of the order of 0.0001 to 0.001 inches. 2.5 to 25 micrometers)
A method of contact that is reversible (that is, a temporary contact in the sense that it can be un-made) would solve many problems. Soldered contacts are not easily reversed, and damage is likely. Differential thermal expansion of silicon dies and ball grid arrays means that re-flowed solder is deformed repeatedly throughout the lifetime as the chip is heated and cooled. Solder hardens and crystallizes with time, and becomes brittle. When it fractures, malfunctions (especially intermittent problems) occur.
The present embodiment provides means of establishing temporary low-resistance electrical connections with greatly increased compliance and uniform contacting force. For this purpose an alloy with high electrical conductivity and hyperelasticity is used: single crystal copper-aluminum-nickel SMA. Such an alloy constitutes an enabling technology for surmounting the problems of electrical connectors in microelectronics manufacture and testing.
Single crystal CuAlNi may be deformed (strained) more than 9 percent, and recovery is complete. After a linear elastic region, the typical stress-strain isothermal curve for hyperelastic CuAlNi is a plateau. Recovery produces a second plateau. Hysteresis is minimal. Fatigue lifetime is many millions of cycles. Component materials are inexpensive, and low cost may be achieved in mass manufacture. Electrical resistivity is low.
Among the advantages that electrical contacts made from hyperelastic CuAlNi provide over existing tungsten and molybdenum needles are:
Single crystal rods of CuAlNi are pulled from melted ingot by the Stepanov method, then heated and quenched to lock in the dissolved aluminum.
From the phase diagram for Cu—Al it may be seen that quenching is necessary to retain dissolved Al. When the alloy is cooled slowly the beta phase precipitates as beta+gamma, and at lower temperatures, as alpha+gamma-2. Beta phase has desirable hyperelastic qualities. A similar phase diagram applies to the ternary CuAlNi system.
Individual needles of CuAlNi are cut from rods and formed to shape by conventional methods of machining, including electrical discharge machining and sawing (dicing). After machining operations the individual components are smoothed to remove surface micro-cracks and nano-crystals that are formed on the surface by heat and/or stress. Smoothing may be done by abrasives or by electropolishing.
The assembly comprising the cantilevers on slice 74 is then affixed to a PC board, not shown, carrying traces that make electrical contacts with the cantilevers.
The present embodiment comprises a spring, shown at 80 in
Belleville washers are used in applications that require storage of a large amount of energy in a small volume. Materials used for Belleville washers include steel, beryllium copper, and stainless steel.
The present embodiment of a Belleville washer configuration formed of hyperelastic CuAlNi SMA provides for springs with extremely different characteristics from those made of ordinary materials. The shape of the force-displacement curve for materials with ordinary elasticity is dictated by the Young's modulus E which, for normally elastic elements, is constant. In the case of hyperelastic materials, E is constant up to the 'knee' of the stress-strain curve, beyond which point the force is nearly constant as the stress-strain curve becomes a plateau: Young's modulus E becomes a dependent variable. In the case of a Belleville spring the stress varies along a radius, so the point at which E changes depends on position. This non-linear behavior of a hyperelastic alloy makes calculation or simulation of behavior by calculation difficult and unproductive. Instead, devices are fabricated and force versus distance characteristics are measured in trial and error fashion.
Bistable elements such as buckling beams and Belleville washers made from Hyperelastic SMA have improved characteristics compared to bistable elements fabricated from ordinary materials such as steel and beryllium copper. In particular, the sidewise displacement of a buckling beam of specific dimensions can be an order of magnitude larger than that of a beam of material with ordinary elasticity, and the force needed to change the state of a bistable buckling beam is much less. This permits their use in miniature switches and valves.
A buckling element uses material in pure compressive stress or in bending which is a combination of compression and tension. Hyperelastic CuAlNi has different characteristics in compression than in tension. This enables designs that are not feasible with normal materials. Because the modulus for compression is higher than the modulus for tensile stress the neutral axis does not correspond to the geometrical center of a bending beam.
The constant force plateau of stress resulting from the hyperelastic properties also provides significant advantages in giving the spring an inherent "snap-action" feature. Further, the hyperelastic properties minimize the total energy stored when fully bent (i.e. strained up to its failure point).
The hyperelastic properties of the mesh strands enable the tube to be collapsed to a much smaller size as compared to prior art catheters, such as those employing superelastic TiNi SMA or other materials.
The hyperelastic properties of the solid hinge enable it to bend through a wider arc of travel, shown as 180 degrees, than would be possible were it to be made of superelastic SMA such as TiNi or other high strength materials. The hinge has no separate moving parts as in a piano type hinge. This results in low maintenance requirements and greater operating reliability. This is important in deep space flights where the deployable must be held by the hinge in stowed position for many years and then be depended on to properly operate when required.
The solid hinge's hyperelastic properties also enable it to bend back and forth indefinitely without losing its recoverability. The hyperelastic properties also enable the hinge to have a robust thickness, which is sufficient to provide strength for holding heavy loads while the hinge still can easily bend, These requirements of thickness/strength with ease of bending cannot be achieved by solid hinges made of other metals, metal alloys or polymer materials.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jan 20, 2011
|Apr 1, 2014
|Deployable Space Systems, Inc.
|Directionally controlled elastically deployable roll-out solar array
|Jan 10, 2011
|Dec 23, 2014
|William J. Jacob
|Autonomously rotating cookware
|Jul 14, 2011
|Jacob William J
|Autonomously rotating cookware
|Sep 16, 2014
|Mar 19, 2015
|Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University
|Self-powered sensors monitoring quasi-static structural response
|U.S. Classification
|604/164.13, 267/273, 148/537, 267/36.1, 148/562, 267/73, 267/70
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|May 5, 2005
Owner name: TINI ALLOY COMPANY, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JOHNSON, A. DAVID;BOKAIE, MICHAEL;MARTYNOV, VALERY;REEL/FRAME:016533/0385;SIGNING DATES FROM 20050311 TO 20050312
|Nov 2, 2010
|Certificate of correction
|Jul 22, 2011
Owner name: TINI AEROSPACE INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:TINI ALLOY COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:026638/0567
Effective date: 20110713
|Mar 8, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


text:
What It Really Means To Be a Little Boy's MamaMichelle Horton
Being a little boy's mama is knowing to point the penis down in a diaper, and probably getting a face full of urine at least once in your life.
It means having to educate a child on owning a body that you know shockingly little about (testosterone, masturbation, facial hair), and answering questions like, "Why it straight, mommy? OH NO, WHY IS MY PENIS STRAIGHT?!"
(Being a mama to only boys may also mean quietly weeping for the useless advice you have about owning ovaries and wild mood swings.)
Being a little boy's mama means pockets full of wildflowers and dandelions. It means cuddles and compliments and thoughtful gestures from a miniature gentleman.
Being a little boy's mama means hearing phrases like, "Boys belong to their future wives, girls belong to their moms forever" and dying a little inside.
It means finding rocks hidden around the house.
It means wincing at cultural slang like, "Man up!" and "Don't be such a girl" — wishing you could put a force field around his tiny spirit.
Being a little boy's mama means teaching the lesson of "NO" — especially when it comes to someone's body or personal space. It means not only teaching respect, but modeling what a respectful, strong, capable woman actually is.
It's declaring that your son will not be that guy who creepily grinds up behind an unsuspecting girl in a club, or catcalls a woman walking across the street, or starts a drunken brawl. (And then accepting that it's a possibility.)
Being a little boy's mama means prematurely mourning his high-pitched chipmunk voice, realizing that you'll eventually hear a deeper, stronger, manlier voice.
It means knowing that one day you'll be looking up at your child.
It means kissing his cheek and knowing that, one day, it will be prickly or unshaven. It means looking at his chest and legs and knowing that hair will cover his baby-soft skin.
Being a little boy's mama means always going, moving, running, energy. It means muddy shoes, bandaged legs, and breath-catching stunts that nearly stop your heart.
It means surrendering to rough housing and accepting the bloody noses.
It means playing certain games and watching certain movies that you really have no interest in, and yet still enjoy seeing through the ninja-superhero-karate perspective because it's his perspective.
Being a little boy's mama means loving your husband the same way you'd want your son to be loved.
Being a little boy's mama means seeing the little boy in all men, and feeling more empathetic than you were before.
Being a little boy's mama will change you — harden you in some places, soften you in others — but will ultimately give the sweetest memories of when, for a brief period, you were everything to a sticky-faced little man.
More on Babble:
What It Really Means to Be a Little Girl's Daddy
5 Basic Skills We're Forgetting to Teach Our Children
How Can I Teach My Son Emotional Awareness – When I'm Just Starting to Learn Myself?
The Magical Childhood Moments I Hope My Kids Always Remember
Why I'm Not Teaching My Son to Be Happy


text:
Hang tight!
Recipe by Carol
"A delicious butter pecan cake made from scratch. This is a cake that can be served anytime."
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1 1/4 cups
butter, softened
2 cups
chopped pecans
3 cups
sifted all-purpose flour
2 teaspoons
baking powder
1/2 teaspoon
2 cups
white sugar
1 cup
2 teaspoons
vanilla extract
1/4 cup
1 teaspoon
vanilla extract
1/4 teaspoon
4 cups
sifted confectioners' sugar
1/2 cup
Wonderful cake! I didn't have 3 layer cake pans, so I baked it in a 13x9 pan for 45 minutes. It turned out great. You may be tempted to skip the pecan toasting process, but don't! Toasting the pecans in butter is what gives this cake its unique, irresistible flavor. The cake received rave reviews from my family and my co-workers. I will definitely keep this cake on my "favorites" list!
Flavor was good. Cake was very very dry. Neither my family nor I like dry cake. I had to throw out more than 1/2 of it because no one wanted to eat it. I am not a novice cook either. Will not make this again.
15 Ratings
This is a very good cake. Do not overbake or I think it would be dry.
The icing tastes like butter pecan ice cream, the heavy cream gives it
that flavor.
This cake was absolutely delicious. I love Butter Pecan icecream, and this cake tasted very much like it. I used store-bought icing instead, just to make it a little more simple. (1 pk. Butter cream frosting, 2 pks. Cream cheese frosting) With the icing, by mistake, I used two different brands of Cream Cheese flavor, I used Betty Crocker and Duncan Hines, so you might like to try that. The cake is so delicious!
This recipe was alright. I think I may have overbaked it just a little because it did end up being pretty dry. The frosting was so so. Just a sidenote, in your ingredients list you have baking powder but in the procedure you said to mix baking soda; I wasn't sure so I used baking powder. This may have had something to do with it. Also, I have a cake recipe that calls for 4 tsp. of baking powder and this one only calls for 2. This may also have soemthing to do with it.
This is by far the best cake I have ever had. I made it for the first time last Christmas and have made it on special occasions since. My dad also says this is the best cake he's ever had.
I actually found this recipe on another site when I used it, but it's the exact same thing, and it is SO good. The cake is very dense and moist. When I made it I made a 12x2" square cake. It was a little difficult to level with the pecans baked into it but I managed! I frosted this with from scratch maple cream cheese frosting and it is to die for :-9
this cake was very dry
* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
Toasted Butter Pecan Cake
Serving Size: 1/36 of a recipe
Servings Per Recipe: 36
Amount Per Serving
Calories: 269
Calories from Fat: 126
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A moist, tender coffee cake with a sweet, crunchy pecan topping.
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text:
Laura Beatrice Marling (born 1 February 1990) is an English folk musician from Eversley, Hampshire. Initially prominent within the London folk scene, she has also toured with a number of well-known indie artists in the UK. Her debut album Alas, I Cannot Swim and her second album I Speak Because I Can were nominated for the Mercury Music Prize in 2008 and 2010 respectively. She won Best Female Solo Artist at the 2011 Brit Awards.
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text:
Jesse Carl Long, known as Jess to his friends, was born on January 14, 1922, in Wynnewood to Carl and Ethel (Fennell) Long. Jesse died Dec. 13, 2011, in Fort Smith, Ark. He was preceded in death by three wives and his only sister, Lorraine Cerkoff. He was a veteran of the U.S. Army. Jesse was a retired truck driver.
He is survived by his nieces, Charlene Wassman, Lorraine Helf and Suzanne Case, and a nephew, Robert Cerkoff, all of San Jose, Calif.
James Loyd Cox, 87, died at his home in Rock Island on Saturday, Dec. 31, 2011, surrounded by his family.
Shirley Jean Sumpter Adams Ford, 58, of Wister died Sunday, Jan. 1, 2012, in Wister. Shirley was born Jan. 17, 1953, in Fanshawe to Jay and Loeta (Wilson) Sumpter. She was a homemaker. Shirley was preceded in death by her parents and sister, Jackie Sumpter Lucas.
On Friday December 30, 2011, Poteau Mayor Jeff Shockley announced that an agreement had been reached and finalized with a Chinese firm to reopen the Tiger Trucks facility (now Tiger International) in the Poteau Industrial Park.
Tiger Trucks originally opened its doors in Poteau July 31, 2008, while under the ownership of a different Chinese firm. Which offered jobs to approximately 300 workers, and was the first U.S. play to produce Chinese heritage vehicles. The Poteau plant was designed to manufacture 7,500 vehicles per year.


text:
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text:
Draw a Venn diagram of Cowboy Jack Clement's life in music, and it would look like a Spirograph: crazy beautiful, full of the weird symmetry of all his convoluted connections.
Many of those unbroken circles converged on the stage of War Memorial Auditorium on Wednesday night, beginning with a polka-band entrance of the "Pied Piper" himself.
And there, in the center of it all, sat 81-year-old Jack Henderson Clement, Cowboy, soaking it up.
The evening was an extraordinary buffet of high and low comedy, a musical timeline that spanned more than 50 years, and pure recognition for Clement's genius of finding talent, challenging it and coaxing greatness.
Interspersing the songs were videos and spoken tributes from an array of famous faces, from Taylor Swift to former President Bill Clinton, actors Ted Danson and Mary Steenburgen, producer Allen Reynolds and "Nashville" star Connie Britton. In fact, it looked like practically the whole cast of the ABC drama, along with writer/creator Callie Khouri, took the night off to witness what Nashville truly is all about.
Writer Peter Guralnick introduced the night by calling Clement the "King of Silly" and a "holy fool," rousing the audience to wonder how or why this man did not already occupy a space in either the Country Music or Rock & Roll halls of fame.
Later, producer T Bone Burnett asked that rhetorical question again. "Is Cowboy Jack Clement in the Country Music Hall of Fame?" The obvious answer from the audience then prompted a resounding, "What the (expletive)?" to full delight of the crowd.
It was fitting then that the first song was '50s classic "Red Hot," sung by Shawn Camp and Billy Burnette, an acknowledgment of Cowboy's place in the Rockabilly Hall of Fame. It spoke to Clement's days manning the board at Sun Studios in Memphis and witnessing the birth of a genre.
John Prine reprised a sparse and beautiful version of Clement's "Ballad of a Teenage Queen," an early hit for Johnny Cash. In transition, Sam Bush, Tim O'Brien and Del McCoury pulled maximum twang out of songs including "Dirty Ole Egg Sucking Dog" and "It'll Be Me."
It was Charley Pride, though, earning an ovation before the spotlight even found him, that awed the crowd. Still stunning, his baritone dipped into such warm depth that it wrapped the audience like an electric blanket on a chilly night, singing "Just Between You and Me" and his greatest hit, "Kiss an Angel Good Morning."
"I love you," he said looking at Clement, "and even though you thought I was difficult, I would do it all again."
Reynolds, a protégé of Clement's who would later earn his own fame and fortune producing a kid from Oklahoma named Garth Brooks, helped connect the dots from the early years. After Sun Records' Sam Phillips fired Clement for "insubordination," later called a "misunderstanding" by Clement, a merry group made its way to the musical promised land of Beaumont, Texas.
It was there that fertile relationships developed, where Dickey Lee met George Jones, and Clement signed a young writer named Bob McDill to what would be a hall of fame writing career.
It was Reynolds' story behind Cash's iconic hit "Ring of Fire," though, that showed how Clement relentlessly chased the edges of the status quo.
"Johnny called him to help in the studio, and he basically floor produced the record."
Yes, it was Clement who added the mariachi horns that now define that song from the first notes. It was Clement who went to the players and hummed the horn parts that danced in his head.
It showed why, throughout the years, people have approached Clement for his creative magic. In a video tribute, Bono recalled U2's recording sessions in Memphis, where "Angel of Harlem," "When Love Comes to Town" and other songs were tracked for their "Rattle and Hum" project.
Speaking about the technicalities of digital recording, Bono said that Clement made it clear that the process was not about ones and zeros, but capturing magic.
"He said, 'It's not about science, it's about alchemy.' " Looking into the camera, addressing Clement directly, Bono simply said, "Magic believes in you."
In another video tribute, Dennis Quaid, who played Jerry Lee Lewis in the biopic "Great Balls of Fire," (yes, Clement discovered the great shaker as well), called Clement, "A gift to the world."
By the time Kris Kristofferson took the stage, the audience was reeling in the extraordinary joy and monumental impact of Clement's singular life. Kristofferson credits Cowboy for his decision to resign his commission in the army and pursue a career in music.
"He was the first person I met in Nashville," said the tall gray poet.
Before launching into an energized rendition of Cash's "Big River," with Kenny Vaughn and Camp playing the big-arm guitar parts, Kristofferson mused that he owed Clement for "everything ever that happened that was good to me."
Finally, after a sweet poem by Alison Clement, the Cowboy's daughter, in which she called her father the "CEO of Fun," Clement took the stage.
Weak of leg but full of voice and verve, he shouted his trademark, "Relax!" And the audience did. It stilled to absolute silence through an achingly sweet version of "When I Dream."
Suffering from cancer but refusing to wallow in sentiment, Clement insisted the evening should benefit others. Money raised at the show was for the Music Health Alliance to help musicians who struggle with healthcare costs.
But the man they all call Cowboy wouldn't leave on a slow ballad. He kicked into rollicking versions of "Good Hearted Woman," "Gone Girl" and the samba-soaked frivolity of "Brazil."
And so it was, all evening, a litany of acolytes, a night of happiness and love, a tribute a long time coming, much like Clement's own words in "Guess Things Happen That Way."
Charley Pride talks about paying tribute to Cowboy Jack Clement


text:
Pole Position:
Mark Webber (Red Bull Renault); 1:14.381
1st: Mark Webber (Red Bull Renault), 1hr 46m 06.557s
2nd: Nico Rosberg (Mercedes), gap 0.643s
3rd: Fernando Alonso (Ferrari), gap 0.947s
Fastest Lap:
S. Perez (Sauber Ferrari); 1:17.296 = 155.557 km/h on lap 49
Can you produce the drive of your life… twice? For the second time in three seasons Mark Webber has won the Monaco Grand Prix with what his Red Bull Renault team boss Christian Horner called "an immaculate drive", catapulting the Australian right back in among the season's front-runners.
Winner in Monaco in 2010, Webber profited from a fine qualifying performance that would have put him on the outside of the front row. He actually started from pole for the 10th time in his F1 career when Michael Schumacher – 8/100ths quicker in his Mercedes – paid a five-place grid penalty inherited from the last race in Spain.
For once – as he later acknowledged – Webber made a superb start to keep Nico Rosberg's Mercedes at bay into Ste Dévote. "I knew straight away it was enough to get to Turn 1 in good shape," said Webber, which was more than could be said for Romain Grosjean. The Frenchman's Lotus, fifth on the grid, touched Fernando Alonso's Ferrari, moved left and hit Schumacher, then spun sideways and out of the race.
With hints of rain in the air Rosberg was first of the leaders to pit after 28 laps, rejoining sixth. Webber followed suit a lap later and came back out in fourth place but, crucially, still ahead of the German. By then all eyes were on Rosberg's compatriot Sebastian Vettel, whose sister Red Bull started on the soft Pirellis (the weekend's harder compound) and stayed out till lap 45, trying to build the 20-second gap needed to cover another stop. He would just fail in a gallant bid to secure a podium finish after qualifying in ninth place.
Webber was back in command on lap 46 but with rain again a threat he gave his followers some anxious moments, carefully controlling his tyre wear and the gap to a train of four cars behind him to win by just over half a second. It is Webber's eighth F1 career victory – and he is the only Australian ever to win twice on the challenging Monte Carlo circuit.
Not only that, but for the first time in the World Championship's 63-year history six different drivers have won the first six races of a season. Webber joins a line made up of Jenson Button, Alonso, Rosberg, Vettel and Pastor Maldonado, with Red Bull the only team to have seen both its drivers take first place this year.
"I'm feeling incredible," beamed Webber after the 78 laps. "It was a very interesting race: reasonably straightforward at the start, but the next phase was very strange – it was very hard to get the soft tyres warmed up, and Seb was coming into the picture. I didn't want him to get that magic 20 seconds, that wasn't part of the plan!"
After a less-than-brilliant opening segment Alonso's Ferrari came to life after his own pit stop, gained the decisive edge over Lewis Hamilton's McLaren Mercedes in the round of pit stops and pulled away. Third place puts the Spaniard three points clear of Webber and Vettel, 76-73, at the top of the drivers' standings. Red Bull now leads McLaren by 38 after a lacklustre weekend for the British team, with Hamilton fifth and Jenson Button last of the 16 classified finishers.
Schumacher, seeking a sixth win in Monaco and the first since he returned to the sport in 2010, recovered from his start-line dramas but succumbed to a fuel pressure problem at three-quarter distance. "What can I say? It was simply a pity to end the race in this way," shrugged the seven-time champion. "In any case, the fuel pressure problem had nothing to do with the incident at the start. But it made it doubly disappointing because I had secretly been hoping for a podium finish today."
With Felipe Massa sixth in the second Ferrari, best of the rest were again Force India, for whom Paul di Resta and Nico Hülkenberg were seventh and eighth respectively. Australia's Dan Ricciardo clipped a Monaco kerb in his Toro Rosso Ferrari with 13 laps left and was one of the eight non-finishers.


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Get a jump on Valentine's Day! During the week of February 5–11, take your sweetheart out to a fine dining establishment that's guaranteed to serve a delicious heart-healthy meal—approved by the heart doctors of Bridgeport Hospital! That's because some of our area's best restaurants have teamed up with Bridgeport Hospital to present menu items from our popular cookbook, Bridgeport Hospital Heart Doctors: Cooking for a Healthy Heart!
This unique cookbook features delicious recipes for appetizers, entrées, side dishes and desserts specially approved by Bridgeport Hospital cardiologists and cardiac surgeons.


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Cystoscopy (sis-TOS-kuh-pee) is a procedure used to see inside your urinary bladder and urethra — the tube that carries urine from your bladder to the outside of your body. During a cystoscopy procedure, your doctor uses a hollow tube (cystoscope) equipped with a lens to carefully examine the lining of your bladder and your urethra. The cystoscope is inserted into your urethra and slowly advanced into your bladder.
Your doctor may perform the cystoscopy in a testing room, using a local anesthetic jelly to numb your urethra. Or your doctor may perform cystoscopy as an outpatient procedure, using sedation. Another option is to do the cystoscopy in the hospital while under general anesthesia. The type of cystoscopy you'll have depends on the reason for your procedure.
Doctors use cystoscopy to diagnose, monitor and treat conditions affecting the bladder and urethra. Common reasons your doctor may recommend a cystoscopy include:
In certain cases, your doctor may conduct a procedure called ureteroscopy (u-ree-tur-OS-kuh-pee) to examine your urinary tract beyond your bladder at the same time as your cystoscopy. Ureteroscopy uses a smaller scope to examine your ureters — the tubes that carry urine from your kidneys to your bladder.
Cystoscopy carries a risk of complications, including:
Call your doctor or go to the nearest emergency room if you experience:
To prepare for your cystoscopy exam, your health care team may ask that you:
Prepare for sedation or anesthesia
If you'll receive an intravenous (IV) sedative or general anesthetic during your cystoscopy, plan ahead for your recovery. To prepare, you can:
A simple outpatient cystoscopy may take less than five minutes. When done in a hospital setting with sedation or general anesthesia, cystoscopy can take 10 to 30 minutes. Your cystoscopy procedure may follow this process:
After your cystoscopy, you may be allowed to go about your day. If you've been given sedation or general anesthesia, you may be asked to remain in a recovery area to let the effects of the medication wear off before you leave.
You might experience some side effects after cystoscopy, such as:
You can relieve some of the discomfort if you:
Call your doctor if you have concerns after your cystoscopy.
Ask your doctor when you can expect the results of your cystoscopy. In some cases, your doctor may be able to discuss the results immediately after your procedure.
In other cases, your doctor may discuss your results at a follow-up appointment. For instance, if your cystoscopy involved collecting a tissue sample (biopsy) to test for bladder cancer, your doctor will send that sample to a lab. When the tests are completed, your doctor will let you know the results.
Original article: http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/cystoscopy/basics/definition/prc-20013535
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Tailor-made for a life outdoors, the Azura Rug takes a cue from enduring interior styles. Hand-hooked in bright and bold ikat patterns, it has a depth of texture and design that puts other outdoor options to shame.
Intended for indoor or outdoor use.
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The million-dollar view from this Hostel will add a whole new meaning to your trip. Located right on the lakefront, with unobstructed views to the mountains beyond. A large cosy lounge with a log fire in winter overlooks the lake and is the ultimate place for watching the incredible shades of blue of this glacier fed lake. There is no bank or ATM (cash point) in Tekapo., For your enjoyment our Hostel has a piano, a guitar, a DVD player and free DVD's, games and puzzles galore.
Qualmark has ranked this hostel as a 3 star plus.
YHA New Zealand is a non-profit membership organisation. Show your YHA / Hostelling International membership card when checking in or join YHA on arrival and receive at least a 10% discount off the standard (displayed) rate. Visit our website to learn about membership and the ways you can experience local communities and the environment through YHA NZ.
What travellers think
Clean hostel,friendly staffs, nice hostel
Tue 12 May 2015
Really easy to find after being dropped off by a bus; staff was SUPER friendly and welcoming. Quiet town and a quiet hostel but the rooms were perfect and clean. I was extremely impressed and would highly recommend it to anyone! I would stay there again!
Thu 20 Nov 2014


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- Red Bull USA - Sports & Entertainment News | Teams & Athletes
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- Red Bull Day in the Dirt
- All wheels welcome at Red Bull Day in the Dirt
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- It doesn't matter what kind of wheels you are rolling on, it's all about having fun at Red Bull Day in the Dirt!
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'Adventure Time' #5 Gets Paul Pope Backup, Covers by Kochalka, Krahulik and More [Art]
When it comes to recruiting dope creators for Adventure Time art, Boom! Studios has been on a roll since its debut issue. Be it indie creators, webcomics talent or folks who work on Cartoon Network's AT se


text: [ Twista Collects 80 Billion Views on YouTube By Theo Bark January 11, 2010 A video featuring Chicago rapper Twista received almost 80 billion views on YouTube last week. The song 'Do You' by Chi-town group Do or Die featuring Twista was, for a short time, YouTube's highest viewed video of Category: Hip-Hop Tags: do or die, DoOrDie, hack, Twista, YouTube Send to a friend! Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr!


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Goals: NASA's Viking mission to Mars was composed of two pairs of spacecraft -- Viking 1 and Viking 2 -- each consisting of an orbiter and a lander. The spacecraft were designed to take high-resolution images of the Martian surface, characterize the structure and composition of the atmosphere and surface, and search for evidence of life.
Accomplishments: Viking 2 lander set down on Utopia Planitia and operated until April 1980. The four Viking spacecraft provided numerous new insights into the nature and history of Mars, producing a vivid overall picture of a cold weathered surface with reddish volcanic soil under a thin, dry carbon dioxide atmosphere, clear evidence for the existence of ancient river beds and vast floods, and no detectable seismic activity.
Although no traces of life were found, Viking found all elements essential to life on Earth -- carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen and phosphorus -- were present on Mars.


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Sportsman Series 4000 Watt Propane Generator
Never be left in the dark!
The Sportsman Series Propane 4000 Watt Portable Generator can power common household appliances and power tools.
Equipped with two 120 volt outlets and a 12 volt DC outlet for battery charging. This recoil start generator can run for 10 hours with a 50% load on 20 lbs of propane fuel. A generator of this size is ideal for camping or tailgating parties.
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Dimensions: 22.5" L x 17" W x 17.5" H; Weight: 101.5 lbs.
Sportsman Series 4000 Watt Propane Generator
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Heroes and Villains: Symphonic Band Concert featuring student conductors McDonald Moody Auditorium
Event will start on Thu. April 10, 2014 @07:30 pm
Event will end on Thu. April 10, 2014 @08:30 pm
The LCU Symphonic Band will perform a concert titled "Heroes and Villains" Thursday, April 10th at 7:30pm in the McDonald Moody Auditorium, featuring music majors Caleb Blakeney and Ellen Moreno as guest conductors on this high energy program. Selected titles include "Nemesis", "Clash", and "Symphonic Suite From Star Wars Episode III: Revenge Of The Sith." The concert is free, but donations will be accepted to support ongoing construction of the new band hall.


text: Our educational games teach and reinforce skills such as cooperation, math, spelling and problem solving. And puzzles help those little brains make logical connections out of randomness. Games and puzzles are more fun when everyone can play so we selected puzzles and games to suit all ages, from toddlers to adults.


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- Alex Hutchins
- Jefferson City, TN
- United States
This conversation is closed.
that our free market enterprise system is based IN PART upon the financial ignorance and stupidity of individuals and/or groups...
80% of the people, give or take, have no education beyond high school even though many of these people have common sense which I would guess would be another 80/20 split which seems to be a general rule of thumb.
When in college, I was told in a marketing class to advertise and market as though most of the people had an 8th grade education.
While my comments are obviously a personal opinion, one can easily see where this is going, and that is, persuade or convince the general masses to spend their money on your product or service, whether they need it or not, and regardless of liabilities already in place.
IBM had a more sophisticated approach by convincing their junior executives to stay in debt as part of their position which kept them from easily leaving the company.
Built in obsolescence was used in manufacturing to build products that would need to be replaced in 3-5 years, thereby generating an on-going and constant stream of income.
We, the financially ignorant consumer, acted like boiling frogs in the process, not questioning the process at all.
Today, we sell student loans to people who cannot afford them to get education that they cannot retain and therefore not use. We play on the ignorance of people by convincing them to go after quick cash and use their bank credit to pay for it. We convince people who cannot afford it to buy tickets to sports events, concerts, or theme parks, knowing that they do not have the financial resources to pay off that credit during the entire next year.
We become wealthy by taking advantage of the financial ignorance of the poor and then we deposit that money in off shore accounts that cannot be taxed by the Federal Govt. to collect money to help the poor.
And, the really sad part about all of this, is that no one CARES... and, if they do... it is not enough to do anything about it... so, it just continues...
But, if we did not do this, our country would not be the greatest financial country in the world now.
Jul 21 2013: People value shared experience. That does not mean they have the wrong priorities. Conversation catalysts have a cost/benefit.
Social networks reduce the cost of shared experience... Many are willing to pay with their privacy...
I am not convinced that the masses have it all wrong.
How many movies were big hits this summer?
Pintrest is (crowd sourced) free.
There is hope. Just always tell the whole truth, with every word you say in the best interest of the listener.Jul 18 2013: Let's look at this another way:
The practice of medicine is based upon ignorance and stupidity. Physicians stay in business by taking advantage of the fact that the majority of people are not trained physicians. Therefore, they are exploiting all non-physicians by using their skills as physicians in order to act as physicians.
ALL SKILLED WORK is ultimately "based upon ignorance and stupidity", because the premium any sane society places upon skilled work is ultimately based upon the relative "ignorance and stupidity" of the population at large in comparison to the skilled individual when considering only that specific skilled labor. There have been some "workers' paradise" attempts to not place any premium upon the earnings of the highly-skilled. These have always failed, always, 100% of the time, without exception. After all, if there is no premium to be gained by exercising the skill, why bother to learn it in the first place? Even Plato ended up admitting that his Republic was really nothing but so much fart gas.Jul 16 2013: Alex: the evolution you are describing seems to be unsustainable. The real reason , I believe, is not that the system depends on "stupidity" , but rather that those at the other end of the IQ spectrum have discovered not only that they can game the system, but that they can get away with it, because of our confused moral code. They are in the process of making our "country" irrelevant, while they are busily promoting Globalization. They may possibly get away with it for awhile, but the process eventually either runs out of consumerswith money, or implodes in violence, like the French Revolution. You really should give some thought to the real meaning of "our free market system" as opposed to the hype. And while you are at it, if , as appears to be the case, the Industrial Revolution is going to end with AI, robots, and practically no "Labor" , except for CEOs, of course, where is all this wealth going to end up , and what would be the justification for it? It would seem that the Free Market System is unsustainable, for a number of reasons.
Jul 18 2013: This is a very interesting observation... one would think at first blush that you are logically correct, but since we have been doing this, in some form or another, for years, it has been sustainable so far, albeit not our brand of a free market but TRADE in general.
There has been several SciFi books and movies that have predicted that robots will do all the manual labor and fight all the wars so that MANKIND can pursue a more intellectual direction, but what about the other 80% who do not have the mental equipment for that?
We will always need crops picked and bathrooms cleaned and other labor intensive jobs that are not fit for robots to do...
However, AI is another story altogether and quite possible several years off... it's first use will be in the military of course and maybe into space, but not right away for the rest of us.
For the next 50-75 years, it will be the SOS...
Jul 18 2013: What about the 80% who do not have the mental equipment to take proper advantage of a labor-free society? Who do you think watches Jerry Springer, Teen Mom, Survivor, Real World, etc.? These people will derive their existential meaning by either appearing on these shows or watching them, buying the products advertised, thereon.
Orwell is what we are taught to fear, this is to distract us from the reality that is Huxley.Jul 13 2013: Capitalism is the unequal distribution of happiness. Communism is the equal distribution of misery.
Jul 18 2013: WELL SAID...Jul 8 2013: Do you believe we operate in a free market? There may be a lynchpin buried in that question.
Jul 12 2013: We have a free market within certain restrictions, but we are greedy. If I have a low profit margin I have to sell a lot of units let's say, but it the profit margin is high, I don't have to sell many at all. If 80% of the people are unaware of the game that is being played upon them, then does that mean we should inform them or take advantage of them? It is not my fault that you are ignorant.
Jul 12 2013: :-). That's the quote of the day: not my fault if you are ignorantJul 8 2013: "There's a sucker born every minute"
Unfortunately, some people think the best way to get ahead is to take advantage of those who are weaker.
It is hard for me to imagine how insecure a person must be to think like that.
Jul 12 2013: P T Barnum of the circus said that or something very close and it is basically true. Is a person insecure or outfitted with business savvy to think like this. I mean do we not want to make the most amount of money for the least amount of work?
Society has a pecking order and at each level the below is being screwed, so much so that it is commonplace.
Jul 13 2013: The pecking order certainly exists for some people, but it is not necessary.


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I Now Pronounce You Chuck & Larry
Chuck Levine and Larry Valentine are the pride of their fire station: two guys, always side-by-side and willing to do anything for each other. Salt-of-the-earth widower Larry wants just one thing: to protect his family. His buddy Chuck also wants one thing: to enjoy the single life. Grateful Chuck owes Larry for saving his life in a fire, and Larry calls in that favor big time when civic red tape prevents him from naming his own two kids as his life insurance beneficiaries. All that Chuck has to do is claim to be Larry's domestic partner on some city forms. Easy. Nobody will ever know. But, when an overzealous, spot-checking bureaucrat becomes suspicious, the new couple's arrangement becomes a citywide issue and goes from confidential to front-page news. Forced to improvise as love-struck newlyweds, Chuck and Larry must now fumble through a hilarious charade of domestic bliss under one roof. After surviving their mandatory honeymoon and dodging the threat of exposure, the well-intentioned con men discover that sticking together in your time of need is what truly makes a family.
Cast: Steve Buscemi, Kevin James, Adam Sandler, Jessica Biel, Ving Rhames
Produced by: Adam Sandler, Jack Giarraputo, Tom Shadyac, Michael Bostick, James D. Brubaker
Directed by: David Dobkin
Written by: Barry Fanaro, Lew Gallo
Running time: 1hr 50min
Opens: Jul 20, 2007 Nationwide
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This report analyzes how recent immigrants to France fare in the country's labor market over time. The research shows that new arrivals initially face a hostile labor market and ultimately improve their employment outcomes—but their process of labor market insertion and advancement is a slow one.
Many of Sweden's immigrants are refugees who lack the skills and education to gain employment soon after they arrive. Over time, however, newcomers to Sweden have improved their employment rates, displayed income growth similar to natives, and moved from low- to middle-skilled positions. This report assesses how new immigrants—refugees, labor migrants, and others—fare in Sweden's labor market.
This report assesses how new immigrants to Spain fare in the country's labor market, evaluating the conditions under which they are able to find employment, and their progress out of unskilled work into middle-skilled jobs. The report is part of a series of six case studies on labor market outcomes among immigrants to European Union countries.
This report assesses the labor market outcomes of new immigrants in the Czech Republic, focusing on trends according to year of arrival, country of origin, gender, level of education, and sector of employment. The analysis suggests that the challenge of reducing obstacles to immigrant workers' progression into more skilled employment are worth significant policy attention.
This statement outlines the guiding principles and recommendations of the ninth plenary meeting of the Transatlantic Council on Migration, which focused on how public and private-sector actors can make smart investments in underutilized workers, including immigrants. A key goal: how to maximize the potential of those with skills of all types, including the often-overlooked middle skills.
La migración ha contribuido a dar forma y definir las relaciones entre Estados Unidos y México desde hace más de un siglo, y las relaciones con Centroamérica aproximadamente durante los últimos 30 años. A veces, incluso la migración se convierte en la lente a través de la cual se consideran todos los otros aspectos de esta relación.
At this release event in Washington, DC, co-sponsored by MPI, the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, and ImmigrationWorks USA, the Chicago Council's independent task force on immigration released its report, U.S. Economic Competitiveness at Risk: A Midwest Call to Action on Immigration Reform.
Este reporte analiza algunos de los factores económicos que han influido sobre los flujos migratorios de México a los Estados Unidos, con el fin de construir escenarios sobre cómo dichos flujos podrían evolucionar en el futuro cercano. El análisis examina tres diferentes periodos en la historia reciente de la migración de México a los Estados Unidos.


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The Hives are a Swedish garage rock band that first garnered attention in the early 2000s as a prominent group of the garage rock revival. Their mainstream success came with the release of the "greatest hits" album Your New Favourite Band, featuring their most well-known song "Hate to Say I Told You So". The Hives are known for performing in ever-changing black and white suits.
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Okay. I have to admit it. This is not an easy recipe for me to share. I actually don't want to share it. I love having this as my secret. I don't want this recipe scattered all over, gracing tables across the world. But that is what is going to happen to this recipe because it is easy, fool-proof, and simple. But because it is all of those things, I knew that this year I had to share it for all to eat during the holidays, even if it meant I would potentially be eating it everywhere I am invited this holiday season.
Warning - this dip is highly addictive, so be careful when you start eating it. You'll find yourself eating way more than you had imagined.
Hot Artichoke Dip
Serves 8
8 oz of mozzarella cheese, grated (or you can buy one of those pre shredded packs which is what I often do)
1/4 cup Parmesan cheese
1 cup of mayonnaise
10 cloves of garlic, finely chopped or put through a garlic press
1 14 0z can of artichoke hearts, drained and roughly chopped
Combine all ingredients in a bowl and mix. (can be made one day ahead) Refrigerate until needed.
You can do a LARGE 8X8 baking dish of this dip, OR you can do smaller ramekins (which is what I like to do) and keep the dip piping hot, and just keep on replenishing ramekins. I find that the dip is NOT yummy when it is cold and it is spectacular when it is just out of the oven.
Preheat oven to 375. Spoon dip into your desired baking dish. Bake until it is all golden and bubbly on top. (small ramekins is about 12-15 minutes, larger dish could be 20 minutes or more.)
Serve with crackers or crusty bread.
Printable recipe