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Rochester Embayment
Contact Information
U.S. EPA RAP Liaison
Alicia Reinmund-Martinez (firstname.lastname@example.com) 212-637-3827
State RAP Contact
Don Zelazny
Great Lakes Manager
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
270 Michigan Avenue
Buffalo, NY 14203
Local RAP Coordinator
Charles Knauf
Monroe Co. Department of Health
P.O. Box 92832
111 Westfall R0ad - Room 962
Rochester, NY 14692-4680
Partners & Stakeholders
- City of Rochester
- Cornell Cooperative Extension of Monroe County
- Counties in the Genesee River/ Rochester Embayment Watershed
- Eastman Kodak Company
- Finger Lakes-Lake Ontario Watershed Protection Alliance (FL-LOWPA)
- Great Lakes Research Consortium
- Monroe County
- Department of Environmental Services
- Department of Health
- Department of Parks
- Department of Planning and Development
- Department of Transportation
- Soil and Water Conservation District
- Water Quality Coordinating Committee
- Water Quality Management Agency
- Natural Resources Conservation Service
- New York Sea Grant
- New York State Canal Corporation
- New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
- Rochester Area Community Foundation
- Rochester Gas and Electric Company
- Rochester Institute of Technology
- Sierra Club
- State University of New York (SUNY) at Brockport
- The Nature Conservancy
- U.S. EPA – Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO)
- U.S. EPA, Region 2 - New York City
- Genesee / Finger Lakes Regional Planning Council
- University of Rochester
- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
- U.S. Geological Survey
Frequent Acronyms
- Background
- Beneficial Use Impairments
- Delisting Targets
- RAP Development and Status
- Significant RAP Milestones
- RAP Implementation
- RAP-Related Publications
- Community Involvement
- Photos
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The Rochester Embayment is an area of formed by the indentation of the Monroe County (New York) shoreline between Bogus Point in the town of Parma and Nine Mile Point in the town of Webster, both in Monroe County. The northern boundary of the embayment is delineated by the straight line between these two points. The southern boundary includes approximately 9.6 km (6 miles) of the Genesee River that is influenced by lake levels, from the river's mouth to the Lower Falls. The drainage area of the embayment is more than 3,000 square miles (7,770 km2) in area. This area consists of the entire Genesee River Basin and parts of two other drainage basins; the easternmost area of the Lake Ontario West Basin and the westernmost area of the Lake Ontario Central Basin.
In the 1981 report of the Water Quality Board of the International; Joint Commission, the Rochester Embayment of Lake Ontario was identified as a Class B Area of Concern (AOC) with "… moderate violations of water quality objectives and some indications of fish contamination in Rochester Harbor and Irondequoit Bay. Surveys of the harbor from 1967 to 1973 found some of the sediments to be heavily polluted with metals and phosphorus." (GLWQB 1981). In its 1985 report the water quality board designated the Rochester Embayment a category 4 Area of Concern, indicating "Causative factors known, but remedial action plan not developed and remedial measures not fully implemented," identifying embayment problems as conventional pollutants, heavy metals, toxic organic substances, contaminated sediments, and fish consumption advisories. The report also identified pollutant sources as municipal and industrial point sources, combined sewage overflows, and in-place pollutants.
The Monroe County Department of Health takes the lead role in implementing the Remedial Action Plan (RAP) for the Rochester Embayment Area of Concern.
Beneficial Use Impairments
The Stage I RAP confirmed the existence of twelve beneficial use impairments (BUI) and identified two other use impairments that will require further investigation to determine their presence. Because the AOC was evaluated for use impairments in two separate portions, the lower river and the embayment, some use impairments have been identified in one or both of the portions: either the Lower Genesee River and/or the Rochester Embayment.
For further information and details on all of the BUIs, see a corresponding Rochester Embayment Beneficial Use Impairments (PDF) (2pp, 67K) and the Remedial Action Plan (RAP) documents listed in the Significant RAP Milestones section.
Delisting Targets
- Restrictions on fish and wildlife consumption
- Eutrophication or undesirable algae
- Restrictions on drinking water consumption, or taste and odor
- Degradation of fish and wildlife populations
- Beach closings
- Degradation of aesthetics
- Bird or animal deformities or reproduction problems
- Added costs to agriculture or industry
- Degradation of benthos*
- Degradation of phytoplankton and zooplankton populations*
- Restriction on dredging activities
- Loss of fish and wildlife habitat
* Lower Genesee River Impaired: Embayment Needs Study
In addition two beneficial uses need further assessment to determined their status:
- Tainting of fish and wildlife flavor (further assessment needed)
- Fish tumors or other deformities (further assessment needed)
The Rochester Remedial Action Plan Oversight Committee, a subcommittee of the Monroe County Water Quality Coordinating Committee, is the local organization with the responsibility to initiate the BUI delisting process. The RAP Oversight Committee will work with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the International Joint Commission throughout the process to determine whether or not a BUI is restored and if it should be delisted from the AOC. The RAP Oversight Committee intends that identified targets and indicators be updated annually, and that they will be used to document a "body of evidence" that a BUI is being restored. In some cases, all targets listed for a BUI may be met before delisting is initiated. In other cases, a majority of the targets may be met, and the RAP Oversight Committee could decide that it is either not possible to attain certain targets or that they are no longer necessary to restore the BUI.
Delisting criteria were developed by subcommittees of the Water Quality Management Advisory Committee before its merger with the Water Quality Coordinating Committee in 2002. Each subcommittee was comprised of individuals from agencies having expertise in the area of the beneficial use impairment. The subcommittees examined the best available information concerning the beneficial use impairments, including the information and assumptions that led to listing in the Stage I RAP, and any additional information developed after the Stage I and Two RAPS, and reached consensus over what criteria would need to be met to delist. As an ancillary to this process, possible monitoring methods for determining that the criteria were met were also developed. This BUI delisting criteria table (PDF) (6pp, 106K) describes the results of this work.
RAP Development and Status
The RAP was updated by a RAP Addendum (1999) and a Status Report update document (March 2001), and a second addendum. (December 2002). A third addendum is in preparation.
Among the six AOCs in New York, the Rochester Embayment RAP is unique in that it was developed by Monroe County, under contract with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC). The Monroe County Department of Health, Bureau of Water Quality Planning, has led this effort in coordinating the RAP process and writing the RAP documents. Throughout the planning process, it has been recognized that public participation is critical in order to insure community support for the RAP. The RAP has established a sound base to proceed with an ecosystem approach to achieve restoration of beneficial uses. NYSDEC has provided assistance in the process and, in conjunction with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), has also provided partial grant funding to facilitate RAP development.
A RAP Technical Group was established in 1988 to guide the writing of the Stage I RAP that was researched and actually written by a consultant team. In 1993, the RAP Technical Group was folded into a County Water Quality Coordinating Committee that took on the role of guiding the writing of the Stage II RAP. Stakeholder groups were also involved in the writing, with the primary advisory group being Monroe County's Water Quality Management Advisory Committee (WQMAC). Public input and participation were accomplished through WQMAC. A Government Policy Group consisting of elected officials was also involved in reacting to Stage I policy level issues related to the RAP. Work on the Stage II RAP was led by the Monroe County Department of Health and has been completed. The final Stage II RAP document was completed in 1997. A Stage II Addendum was published in 1999, and a second addendum was published in December of 2002. The major feature of the 2002 Addendum was the completed Use Impairment Delisting Criteria and Monitoring Methods. During 2002, the Water Quality Management Advisory Committee was disbanded and members still interested in tracking RAP issues were offered membership on the Water Quality Coordinating Committee. Under funding from the U.S. EPA, in 2003 the Remedial Action Plan Oversight Committee was formed, and began work by revisiting the Delisting Criteria and Monitoring methods, developing a matrix of recommended actions useful in tracking what has been completed and what remains to be finished.
Significant RAP Milestones
- 2006: Public meeting on status, and to solicit input on remedial measures and ranking.
- 2005: RAP Addendum in process, expected in 2006.
- 2004: Remedial Action Plan Oversight Committee reinstated; discussion begun on ways to get monitoring recommended for evaluating beneficial use impairments.
- 2002: 2002 RAP Addendum published; delisting criteria and monitoring methods approved by Water Quality Coordinating Committee and Water Quality Management Agency.
- 2001: RAP Status Report Update completed.
- 1999: 1999 RAP Addendum published including new remedial measure analysis and recommendations.
- 1997: Monroe County publishes final Stage II RAP document.
- 1997: Monroe County and NYSDEC agree to final Stage II RAP content based on comments from the WQMAC and the WQCC.
- 1997: WQMAC completes its review of the Stage II RAP.
- 1997: Stage II RAP Public Meeting and Implementation Workshop held.
- 1997: Final Draft Stage II RAP document completed.
- 1993: Stage I RAP document completed
RAP Implementation
Recent progress and achievements
Past and current RAP activities include lawn care and wetland education, a new water quality education collaborative organization, pollution prevention for auto recyclers and dentists, volunteer stream and marsh monitoring programs, advancement of phosphorus removal at small wastewater treatment facilities, a streambank erosion assessment program, and monitoring of trophic status of the near nearshore of the Rochester Embayment. Two watershed planning projects have been completed and three more are underway. A Monroe County Stormwater Coalition was formed to plan for compliance with Federal Phase II Stormwater Regulations. Completed projects include several point and nonpoint source pollution abatement projects, extensive combined sewer overflow abatement, and a mercury pollution prevention project.
Hazardous Waste Site Remediation
Since publication of the Stage II Remedial Action Plan, five sites originally classified as significant threats to public health or the environment and in need of action have been classified as properly closed, but requiring continued management, and an additional seven sites have been removed from the registry. However, 11 sites have been added to the list, seven of which are classified as significant threats to public health or the environment and in need of action, three of which have inadequate or insufficient data for inclusion in the other classifications, and one which does not present a significant threat to the public health or environment.
The former 3M/Dynacolor Plant Former G.E. and Black & Decker Site in Brockport, NY, manufacturing facilities used by many companies prior to the early 1950s, were indicated as sources of PCBs, SVOCs, cyanide and metals found in an unnamed tributary of Brockport Creek, which is a tributary of the Salmon Creek watershed in the western Embayment. Investigation and remediation of the creek contamination was ultimately addressed by the Potentially Responsible Parties. Extensive soil/sediment removals were completed along the entire length of the open channel portions of the tributary. Approximately 2000 feet of storm sewer was also replaced along with removal of soils adjacent to the pipe. NYSDEC issued a Proposed Remedial Action Plan for the off-site drainageway operable unit during March 2005. PCBs in sediment in the storm sewer system have been reduced to less than 1 ppm. The effectiveness of the on-site PCB IRMs is being monitored using sediment trap sampling. A fish tissue sampling program is also in place to monitor PCB levels in fish in Brockport Creek. Baseline fish tissue monitoring was performed prior to drainageway sediment removal and is continuing at least through 2006.
The Rochester Embayment was indicated as suffering from the Eutrophication or Undesirable Algae use impairment in the Stage I RAP, due to cladophora and other filamentous algae growing in the littoral zone of the embayment. This impairment was also indicated as contributing to other impairments; drinking water taste and odor problems, beach closings, degradation of aesthetics, and degradation of phytoplankton and zooplankton populations. Interviews conducted with New York State Parks and Recreation staff from Lake Ontario shoreline Parks and with members of lake county Soil and Water Conservation District staff indicated that this use impairment might not be unique to the Rochester Embayment and in 2000, funding was sought to reexamine the Lake Ontario shoreline from the air as had been done during the International Field Year on the Great Lakes study, in this case using hyperspectral Imaging technology, to compare extent of algae beds from the two studies. This study, completed in 2002, indicated that cladophera beds in Lake Ontario were similar in 2000 and 2001 to those found during the IFYGL study, that the density and aerial extent of algae beds was a function of depth and bottom substrate, rather than a function of location within or outside of the Rochester Embayment, and that the amount of plant biomass normally found at Ontario Beach could be produced on hard bottom areas immediately to the west of the beach in the embayment.
Contaminated Sediments
Restrictions on dredging in the Rochester Embayment have been limited to overflow dredging, which has the potential to release toxins and bacteria back to the river and results in considerable local turbidity. Recent evaluation of sediment associated with open lake disposal has indicated that the material meets standards for open lake disposal. While the Stage II RAP listed the establishment of a permanent agreement with the United States Army Corps of Engineers prohibiting overflow dredging in the Genesee River as a delisting criterion, reductions in loadings of bacteria, nutrients and toxics to the river as a result of Combined Sewage Overflow Abatement, the inclusion of a prohibition against overflow dredging in permits issued by NYSDEC, and the general decline in the employment of overflow dredging throughout the Great Lakes may make this an unnecessary action.
Mitigation of the spill of approximately 30,000 gallons of solvents into and on an area adjacent to the Genesee River in Charlotte caused by derailment of a CSX train in December of 2001was completed in early December of 2004. Diesel fuel spilled on the site was recovered, but 16,000 gallons of methylene chloride and 14,100 gallons of acetone were lost. 28 tons of contaminated soils were removed from the banks of the river, and another 2000 tons of contaminated sediments were dredged from the river for offsite disposal.
Irondequoit Bay, one of the largest embayments along the south shore of Lake Ontario and an area tributary to the Rochester Embayment, suffered from hyper eutrophication in the mid 20th century as a result of accumulation of sediments containing the discharges from numerous small sewage works in the contributory watershed. Actions to restore Irondequoit Bay included the centralization of wastewater treatment and near-elimination of combined sewage overflows to the Bay. While this major action caused great improvement to bay water quality, internal cycling of sediment associated nutrients continued to degrade the quality of the bay. In 1986, the deeper areas of the bay were sealed with alum, and in 1993, under sponsorship of the U.S. EPA Great Lakes National Program Office, oxygenation of the bay was begun. Oxygenation continues for approximately 3 months of each summer, and provides a measure of treatment of this sediment accumulation. Initial indications were that oxygenation would serve to promote development of a healthy biota, especially grazers such as zooplankton that could remove algae growing in response to external phosphorus inputs in the epilimnion of the bay and transfer nutrient energy up the food chain to fish that would then out-migrate to Lake Ontario, recent research conducted by SUNY at Brockport under funding from the Great Lakes Research Consortium suggests that addition of oxygen is serving to mainly cause re-precipitation of manganous phosphates releasing from the sediments in the nearly anoxic conditions of the hypolimnion. These researchers have indicated that the data strongly suggests that the alum seal is exhausted, and that discontinuation of the addition of oxygen would allow release of phosphate bound to Iron at concentrations approximately an order of magnitude higher, leading to conditions in the metalimnion and lower epilimnion similar to those in the bay prior to Alum treatment. A final report detailing this research is expected in the spring of 2006.
Point Source Discharge Control
One of the strategies developed in the Stage II RAP to deal with the eutrophication or undesirable algae, drinking water taste and odor problems, beach closings, and degradation of aesthetics Beneficial Use Impairments involved development of a phosphorus point source management strategy. One aspect of this strategy targeted phosphorus discharges from small wastewater treatment plants discharging to streams tributary to the embayment or the river, where no phosphorus limits had been imposed in the permitting process.
In 2004, the Village of Churchville Waste Water Treatment plant was diverted to the Pure Waters system, eliminating a point source phosphorus discharge to Black Creek, a major tributary to the Genesee River. Also in 2004, a feasibility study for connection of the Village of Spencerport Waste Water Treatment plant to the Pure Waters system was completed, and the village is in process of making that conversion. While the Spencerport plant has been retrofitted with control equipment and had reduced its Phosphorus discharge significantly, the elimination of effluent from Northrup Creek is expected to contribute to the gradual recovery of the downstream receiving body, Long Pond, which drains to the western embayment. Finally, a similar effort is expected to result in the elimination of the Village of Scottsville WWTP, which discharges to Oatka Creek about 2 miles upstream from its junction with the Genesee River. After completion of these connections to the Pure Waters system, there will only be one small wastewater treatment plant still discharging to the Genesee River Basin in Monroe County, in the Village of Honeoye Falls.
The Gates Chili Ogden Wastewater Treatment Plant discharge to the Genesee River ended in 1998. While the NYSDEC report "30 Year Trends in Water Quality of Rivers and Streams in New York State" (Bode et al., 2004) indicated severe impact to areas of the river below the plant, more recent monitoring shows marked improvement since the plant has shut down, with the macroinvertebrate community on plates collected during the summer of 2004 dominated by clean-water mayflies.
Nonpoint Source Pollution Control
In response to the Federal Phase II Stormwater regulations, towns and villages classified as Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4s) in 2000 formed the Stormwater Coalition. By working together, Coalition members are able to comply with the federal stormwater regulations and improve water quality in a cost-effective manner. The Coalition implements a wide range of projects and programs that reduce stormwater pollution including public education, training for municipal employees, and assistance with stormwater system mapping. The Coalition partners with several agencies including the Monroe County Soil & Water Conservation District, Cornell Cooperative Extension, and the Water Education Collaborative at the Rochester Museum & Science Center in order to utilize existing expertise in the community and maximize its efforts. The Coalition meets on a monthly basis and leadership is provided by a Chairman, Vice-Chairman, and Executive Committee. The Coalition has two staff persons that are housed at the Monroe County Department of Public Health. The work of the Coalition is advanced by 4 task groups: Construction, Education/Public Participation, Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination, and Pollution Prevention. The Coalition's work has been honored with an "Empire State Award for the Advancement of Stormwater Management" from New York State and a "Management Innovation Award" from the American Public Works Association. Coalition staff can be reached at 585-753-5472 or 585-753-5468.
A project to inventory and prioritize streambank erosion, the Soil Erosion Assessment project was completed by the Monroe County Soil and Water Conservation District. Town and Village Department's of Public Works were surveyed for areas along streams to identify problem areas, which were then surveyed using a standard form method to characterize the severity of the problems identified. Where funds and cost share were available, mitigation of high priority projects has occurred.
The Rochester Embayment 2002 Addendum proposed new remedial measures, and the first in the report was "Develop a Strategy for Reduction of Sediment in the Genesee River", which contained a proposal to advocate for a US Army Corps of Engineers sediment transport model for the Genesee River. The model would simulate erosion, transport, and deposition of sediments within the watershed. It would be used to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of control measures on the loadings of sediments and sediment-related contaminants, assist in planning efforts in local watersheds, and prioritize areas in the watershed that are contributing the larger portions of the sediment load. Recent communication from the US Army Corps of Engineers indicates that the model, which was funded under section 516(e) of the Water Resources Development Act, and covers process in the river from Mount Morris to the Lake, has been completed and will be transferred to the locality following meetings in the spring of 2006.
In response to the Agricultural Environmental Management (AEM) Five Year Strategic Plan opportunity, the Monroe County Soil and Water Conservation District prepared a five-year plan based on priority watersheds within the county that have documented water quality concerns or have not been adequately assessed in the past. A key aspect of the Strategic Plan is to strengthen local partnerships to benefit the viability of agriculture in the county. Priority watersheds have been identified, and AEM outreach efforts will follow the schedule indicated in the AEM Strategic Plan. Farm owner/operators will continue to participate in the AEM program on a voluntary basis. The Strategic Plan will also become a part of the process by which cost-share funds for proposed conservation practice implementation projects are evaluated and awarded. Local cooperating partners include farm owner/operators, the Monroe County Water Quality Coordinating Committee; Black Creek Watershed Coalition; Oatka Creek Watershed Committee; Cornell Cooperative Extension; Natural Resource Conservation Service; Water Education Collaborative; Environmental Management Council; Farm Service Agency; Genesee-Finger Lakes Regional Planning Council; County Planning Department; and the NYS Department of Environmental Conservation. Nearly all of the included watersheds are tributary to the Genesee River or the Rochester Embayment of Lake Ontario
Air Pollution Control
Improvements in sludge handling at the Frank E Van Lare waste water Treatment Plant have resulted in a reduction in the employment of incineration as a disposal method for sludge generated at the facility. Dewatered sludge is now trucked to the Mill Seat Landfill in Riga for underground disposal.
Fish and Wildlife Assessments Actions
The Rochester Embayment Area of Concern is listed for a number of Beneficial Use Impairments related to degraded fish and wildlife populations and habitats, including Fish and Wildlife Consumption Advisories; Degradation of Fish and Wildlife Populations; Bird and Animal Deformities or Reproductive Problems; and Loss of Fish and Wildlife Habitat. As part of the 2002 addendum, delisting criteria and suggested monitoring methods for determining if these criteria have been met were suggested. In the time since then, a number of actions have been undertaken by the local academic community to examine portions of these issues.
The 2002 RAP Addendum proposed monitoring that would examine the issue of fish and wildlife consumption advisories with the goal of differentiating between impacts that are lakewide and impacts arising specifically in the Rochester Embayment, the Lower Genesee River or the contributory watersheds. In 2001, a study was undertaken by Drs. James Haynes and Joseph Makerowicz of SUNY at Brockport and Dr. Thomas Young of Clarkson University with the objectives (among many) of determining the extent of the local and lakewide contributions of Bioaccumulative Contaminants of Concern (BCCs), PCB, mirex/photomirex, and dioxins/furans; establishing existing concentrations of BCCs in the AOC, and approaches for monitoring progress toward remediation. The researchers concluded that the finding that "no differences in total PCB and mirex + photomirex concentrations were found in air and sediment samples collected at four locations in the Rochester Embayment area ( two exposed and two not exposed to Lake Ontario or its food web) and one putatively "pristine" location on the Genesee River some 90 mi south of the Rochester Embayment AOC" suggests that "air and sediment in the Rochester Embayment AOC… are no more contaminated with BCCs than inland areas", which they suggest supports "delisting of the fish and wildlife consumption use impairment." They also found that, in most cases, "BCC concentrations were higher in biota exposed to Lake Ontario or its food web," and that "in no case was the BCC concentration higher in animals not exposed to Lake Ontario or its food web." Once again, they conclude that these data support delisting the embayment for the fish and wildlife consumption beneficial use impairment. They concluded that the "snapping turtle (either eggs or adipose) is likely the better sentinel species for future biomonitoring of worst case conditions", but that " largemouth bass muscle is much more likely to be consumed by humans and wildlife."
The absence or presence of mink and/or their reproductive success was seen as an indicator for delisting of the Degradation of Fish and Wildlife Populations use impairment, Bird and Animal Deformities or Reproductive Problems use impairment, and for the Loss of Fish and Wildlife Habitat use impairment. A study was undertaken by a graduate student at SUNY at Brockport using an automatically triggered video camera system to look for indications of mink presence and reproductive success at locations close to the lake in and outside of the AOC, and inland both in the AOC watershed and in a separate inland watershed. A second aspect of the study examined tissues collected from animal harvested by fur trappers in locations both in and out of the AOC to look at body burden of BCCs. While the results of this study are still in peer review for publication, mink were found to be both inhabiting and reproducing close to Lake Ontario within the Area of Concern, which suggests that for these impairments, the AOC may be close to delisting.
The Stage I RAP cited decline of native fish species such as Atlantic salmon, lake trout, cisco, blue pike, sturgeon and walleye as evidence of the loss of fish and wildlife habitat use impairment. Fish species on this list were either extinct (blue pike), possibly stressed by confounding factors (thiamine deficiency and lampreys for lake trout and Atlantic salmon), or not necessarily documented as historically abundant in the embayment and the lower river.
In developing delisting criteria for the lower Genesee River, the habitat subcommittee settled on sturgeon as an appropriate indicator for recovery in response to indications from the United States Fish and Wildlife Service that initial assessments of the lower river indicated that habitat was suitable for re-establishment of the species, and there were good historical accounts of the abundance of these fish in the Genesee and the Embayment. In 2003 900 juvenile lake sturgeon raised at the Oneida Lake fish hatchery by NYSDEC were released in the Genesee River, followed in 2004 by release of 1000 juvenile fish. Recapture studies conducted in 2004 and 2005 indicate that juvenile fish are remaining in the river in good numbers where the gravelly substrate they prefer as habitat is present , that growth rates are similar to those measured in other waters, and that benthic invertebrates necessary to a sturgeon diet are present in the river. Reports were also received in the fall of 2005 of anglers on the piers at the mouth of the river and in the vicinity of the lower falls catching small sturgeon while targeting other species. Informational materials on the USFWS/USGS/NYSDEC project and on the endangered nature of lake sturgeon were distributed to bait and tackle stores serving the lower Genesee River.
One of the criteria included in the 2002 Stage II Addendum for delisting the Loss of Fish and Wildlife Habitat use impairment was "Amphibian diversity and abundance in the study area (including the Genesee River up to the lower falls if monitoring can be done safely) are comparable to expected standards for the type of habitat." It was recommended that Marsh Monitoring Program methods and data be employed to compare the number of species in study area wetlands with the number expected to be found in a healthy wetland. The Marsh Monitoring Program is a cooperative project of Bird Studies Canada (BSC), the Great Lakes Commission, Environment Canada-Ontario Region, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency that focuses on birds and calling amphibians (frogs and toads) indigenous to marsh wetlands as indicators of the health of these ecosystems and recovery of areas of concerns. Prior to 2005, a small group of individual volunteers had established routes in the areas of western NY, including areas of the embayment in the Braddock's Bay Fish and Wildlife Management Area and the Irondequoit Bay wetlands, as well as at inland marsh sites in Monroe County. In the winter of 2005, coordinators for the Marsh Monitoring Program contacted the Rochester Embayment RAP Coordinator, and a more aggressive effort was undertaken to enlist additional volunteers and establish additional routes in western NY with an emphasis on the Rochester Embayment and the riparian marshes of the lower Genesee River. Potential sites were surveyed using USGS quad maps and aerial photographs, and many were ground surveyed in late February. A training session was conducted by BSC staff in early March of 2005 for 21 existing and new volunteers, and routes were assigned. A follow-up session for individuals who could not get to the original session was held later in March by Monroe County staff and additional individuals were enlisted to the program. Data from the first year's monitoring is available via BSC's 2005 Interim Summary Report (PDF) (89pp, 1.3MB). The program continued in 2006 with additional monitoring route assignments.
Current projects and outlook
The Rochester Embayment Remedial Action Plan Oversight Committee has summarized data on BUI remediation and identified monitoring that still needs to be undertaken to determine if delisting can occur. The committee also has plans to undertake monitoring remaining to be accomplished in the lower Genesee River and the Rochester Embayment. As part of a recently completed public meeting to solicit input on both new remedial measures and possible changes in priorities from what were included in the Stage II RAP and the 1999 and 2002 addenda, the RAP Committee has updated its matrix of what data has been gathered and what remains to be obtained. Plans for the next year are to review currently existing information and reach consensus on delisting for those use impairments where criteria have been met. The RAP Oversight Committee will also be looking for opportunities to complete data gaps, especially in terms of the two BUIs indicated in the Stage I RAP as unknown – tainting of fish flavor and incidence of fish and wildlife tumors or deformities.
Grants have been received for hyperspectral imaging of algae beds along the Lake Ontario shoreline, a study of the benthic health of the Rochester Embayment, and further development of monitoring methods for toxic-related use impairments.
RAP-Related Publications
Publications include manuals for hospital mercury pollution prevention, auto recyclers, volunteer stream monitoring, and volunteer wetland monitoring; semi-annual newsletters; two watershed plans; a watershed developer's packet; and a report on a water quality opinion survey.
For more information on these publications, contact the people listed in the Contacts section.
Community Involvement
One recommended remedial action of the Stage II RAP was formation of a not for profit group to plan, coordinate, fund and implement educational activities within the Rochester Embayment Area of Concern. The Water Education Collaborative (WEC) formed in 2001 in response to this action and is housed at the Rochester Museum and Science Center. It continues to educate citizens regarding their impact on water quality. Educational programs that WEC is involved with include:
- Community Water Watch - a citizen stream monitoring program that has involved over 600 youth and adult volunteers.
- Great Lawns/Great Lakes - a program to help residents reduce their use of chemicals on home lawns to protect water quality.
- Teacher Training Programs - through the University of Rochester's "What's in Our Water" workshops.
- Interactive Eco-hut displays at Mendon Ponds Park
- Annual Coastal Clean Up event along the Genesee River, Lake Ontario, and many streams - over 500 volunteers picked up over two tons of trash in 2005 on a particularly poor weather day.
- Annual "Our Fragile World" Event at the Seneca Park Zoo
- In-school presentations and curricula development
- Storm Drain Stenciling
- Stream Bank Erosion Control
- Assistance to municipalities in complying with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Phase II Stormwater Regulations.
The WEC is currently re-administering a survey of county resident's attitudes towards water quality problems to be used in designing a media campaign in partnership with the Ad-Council.
Community Water Watch (CWW) is a volunteer stream monitoring program. The program was developed by a task group of the Monroe County Water Quality Management Advisory Committee (WQMAC). The purpose of the program is to utilize citizen volunteers to track the health of local streams, identify problems that may need correction, and foster stewardship of our local water resources. Participation in the program consists of the following core activities:
- Adoption of a one-half mile segment of stream
- An annual watershed walk to look for problems such as litter, or visual discharges to the stream.
- A visual survey and collection of benthic macroinvertebrate twice per year at locations along your adopted stream
- Performance of educational activities
- Submit data used to characterize watershed health
Also, several optional activities such as tree planting, litter pick-ups, and storm drain stenciling have been preformed by CWW teams. Teams are asked to commit to the program for at least two years to facilitate data collection continuity.
Watershed Initiatives
Oatka Creek Watershed Committee
Early activities of the Oatka Creek Watershed Committee included development of a State of the Basin report, completion of a metals study throughout the watershed, and initiation of a municipal outreach program. Activities since 2002 include a stressed segment analysis of the Genesee and Wyoming County portions of the watershed funded through the Finger Lakes Lake Ontario Watershed Protection Alliance, completion of an initial municipal outreach by the committee, an assessment of local ordinances and practices pertaining to erosion and sedimentation completed by the Genesee Finger Lakes Regional Planning Council with funding from the Great Lakes Commission Great Lakes Basin Program for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control, and incorporation as a 501(c)3 Not-for Profit Agency. The Committee continues to meet monthly and is partnering with the Black Creek Watershed Coalition and the Genesee Finger Lakes Regional Planning Council to seek funding for completion of watershed plans and implementation of protective ordinances and activities with watershed municipalities.
The Black Creek Watershed Coalition
The Black Creek watershed municipalities organized as the Black Creek Watershed Coalition to work cooperatively on water quality and quantity issues in the Black Creek Watershed, one of the major tributaries to the lower Genesee River and a stream listed on the NYSDEC 303(d) list. The Coalition members include municipal officials, staff and board members, representatives from county, state and federal government agencies, institutions of higher education, agricultural interests, environmental groups and businesses as well as concerned and interested citizens. The Coalition published the Black Creek Watershed State of the Basin Report with funding from the River Network. It was prepared by Drs. James Zollweg, Whitney Autin and Mark Noll, professors from SUNY at Brockport, in conjunction with the members of the coalition. Water quality risks include nonpoint sources from developed areas (stormwater runoff), point sources discharges and agricultural sources of pollution. Water quantity risks are associated with flooding and low flow conditions; it is recognized that water quantity issues may have relevance to water quality issues.
Irondequoit Creek Watershed Collaborative
The formation of the Irondequoit Creek Watershed Collaborative began in 1994. Town and village elected officials and staff from communities within the Irondequoit Creek watershed met to discuss common water quality concerns. Several State, County and local initiatives likely to affect infrastructure planning, public works operations, and development review underscored the need for local governments to examine their policies, procedures, and laws relating to water quality. One outcome was the creation of a packet for developers which developed standard stormwater management requirements and reporting for new and retrofit land developments within the watershed. A second major output of the IWC was a cooperative project undertaken with the United States Geological Survey to model impacts of land use change on both watershed hydrology and water quality. The final product of this effort, an HSPF model involving 82 subbasins, was received in summer 2005. This model allows local officials to evaluate the impacts of changes in land use brought by developments on downstream hydrology and water quality, allowing better planning of best management practice implementation.


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I need a reference/proof for "main conjecture of Iwasawa theory => refinement of Herbrand-Ribet ($v_p(B_{p-i}) = v_p(|A_i|)$, where $A_i$ denotes the $i$-th eigenspace of the Galois group acting on the ideal class group mod $p$)".
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The statement and proof are given in Mazur–Wiles starting at page 216.

subset: commoncrawl


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Kill 2 great chefs with one restaurant
Is anyone else going to the Chip Roman (Blackfish)-Pierre Calmels (Bibou) collaboration dinner to be held April 8th at Blackfish?
Surprisingly, I haven't seen any discussion of it online, or even any announcements, although everyone seems to know about it.
If memory serves, they did a similar dinner at Blackfish back in December 2010, which was great (obviously).
Ah, @PhillyFoodDude pointed out that it has been announced (link on the FB page):
Never heard of Sea Buckthorns before, either.
re: PhillyBestBYOB
Aska in Brooklyn serves a blood chip with sea buckthorns. I never had one before then. Kinda sour and tangy tasting. Not bad.
re: PhillyBestBYOB
Wasn't going to go, but I got a last minute invitation to the Blackfish Sea Buckthorn dinner, which was outstanding, and here are some photos.
Mushroom custard, sesame powder
1st course:
Chantenay carrot & sea buckthorn soup, rhubarb, pecans, pea tendrils
2nd course:
Lightly cured salmon (was supposed to be arctic char, but they ran out), hibiscus, sea buckthorn, English cucumber, radish
3rd course:
Roast foie gras, sea buckthorn, Bobwhite quail (changed from the original Magret duck breast), pickled onion, farro
4th course:
White chocolate 'ganache', sea buckthorn, pistachio, lime crisp
The Kracher dessert wine blew us away, and I only just realized that Steve Tanzer gave it 99/100 points (nice to know our amateur palates agree with his!).
I may be @PhillyBestBYOB on Twitter, but Blackfish is the best BYOB in Philly!
Not many of the specifics about this meal would tempt me... but I've watched so much Iron Chef America, the whole Battle Buckthorn thing would be so much fun! I think I'd want everyone sitting on the same side of the table, though.
BIBOU & BLACKFISH COLLABORATION DINNER, held at Blackfish on 8 APRIL 2013
Although I recently wrote reviews of dinners at both Blackfish and Bibou, I think last week's unique collaborative dinner between two of Philly's very best chefs is also worth writing up. LOL, not the least because the genesis of this dinner was apparently a tongue-in-cheek tweet I sent them back in January:
"@biboubyob VS. @BlackfishBYOB: Counting tomorrow, I've dined 7 times at Bibou & 7 times at Blackfish in the past year #shakehandscallitadraw"
Internet stalker or not, I still had to pay for my dinner like everyone else! But as you can read below, it was well worth the price of admission ($100/pp plus tip).
We enjoyed...
AMUSE-BOUCHE -- Carrot espuma & pea puree
I assume this was Chef Roman's creation, since amuses are more typical at Blackfish than Bibou. Some are delectable bites that make you wish for a whole plate, and others are more artistic nibbles that momentarily pique your senses, but are quickly forgotten. This was more in the latter camp; fresh flavors and pretty to look at, it served it's purpose and we moved on to a fantastic champagne.
~1996 Philipponnat Champagne Brut Clos des Goisses (one of the best wines of the evening)
1ST COURSE: Tuna tartare, horseradish, radish, cilantro, celery broth
Prepared by Chip, and recognizably so, as he loves to pair various raw fish with buttery English Breakfast radish (and his ever changing fish crudos with radish and spicy yuzu kosho are possible my favorite dishes at Blackfish). But the celery broth that was elegantly poured over this dish table-side was something I've never seen him do before, and it provided a uniquely interesting aromatic component that is usually missing from raw fish dishes.
~1983 Domaine Weinbach Riesling Réserve
~1985 Domaine Marc Kreydenweiss Riesling Kastelberg Vendanges Tardives
~1995 Zind Humbrecht Riesling Clos Windsbuhl
2ND COURSE: Saucisson in brioche with Perigourdine sauce
Prepared by Chef Calmels, this is a dish that I enjoyed earlier this year at Bibou for a special game dinner he prepared for us. Pierre is a deft hand with all sorts of game (I didn't actually catch what was in the saucisson), but he takes it to the next level in this dish by encasing it in a light brioche crust and adding an elegant sauce (Perigourdine is traditionally a veal sauce spiked with a sweet wine like Monbazzilac).
~2009 Thibault Liger Belair Moulin à Vent Vieilles Vignes (a fantastic Burg-like Beaujolais)
3RD COURSE: Quenelle de Brochet a l'Americaine, cauliflower, saffron
While chatting with Pierre at Bibou a couple of weeks earlier, he mentioned that Chip and he were still debating the menu for this dinner, but that they planned to alternate courses between them. Yet, when I finally saw the menu, they didn't appear to be alternating since quenelles are one of Bibou's signature dishes. After the meal I complemented Pierre on what everyone thought was the "Dish of the Night", but he laughed and said that "actually, the quenelles are Chip's!" As much as I love Bibou's classic rendition of pike quenelles in lobster sauce, this may have been the best I've ever enjoyed...light, fluffy, almost like giant, perfect pillowy ricotta gnocchi in texture, in a delicious sauce. New American sensibilities meet Escoffier. C'est magnifique!
~1996 Château de la Maltroye Chassagne Montrachet 1er Cru Morgeot
~2005 Louis Jadot Puligny Montrachet 1er Cru Les Folatières
4TH COURSE: Pavé de Loup, caviar, Petite Nage a L'Orange
Pierre's. As I understand it, loup or "wolf", was in this case actually black sea bass, and a pavé is a square or rectangular portion reminiscent of street paving or brick. Be that as it may, this was a perfectly cooked and seasoned portion of one of my favorite fish, with a truly lovely sauce. But it was really the large dollop of "caviar" (the suddenly trendy, more affordable paddlefish roe from Alabama, not the real stuff!), providing a dramatic flavor contrast with the mild fish, that really made this dish memorable. Perhaps my second favorite course.
~2005 Domaine William Fèvre Chablis Grand Cru Les Clos
~2007 Marcassin Chardonnay Three Sisters Vineyard
5th COURSE: Roasted lamb, beluga lentils, heirloom carrots, asparagus
A dish you would immediately recognize as Chips, acknowledging what seems to be a new trend of lamb belly (pig belly is soooo over, I guess!). Unfortunately, my belly was a bit tough, although everyone else's seemed to be melt-in-their-mouth. However, the loin was perfectly medium rare, with a silky rich sauce (IMHO, Chip, having been the Saucier at Le Bec Fin, does sauces better than anyone else in the city).
~1990 Château Léoville Poyferré (Wine of the Night)
~2004 Pax Syrah Castelli Knight Ranch
~2007 Cayuse Syrah Armada Vineyard
6TH COURSE: Souffle Glace Grand Marnier, blueberry coulis
When I saw Grand Marnier souffle on the menu, I immediately thought of Bibou's, a giant creation that they punch a whole in with a fork and fill with a jigger or two of Grand Marnier (a rather dangerous dessert!). But this was not that dish, but apparently an old classic from Le Bec Fin, with a frozen soufflé and a delectable berry sauce. I'm not sure if this was prepared by Chip or Pierre (they both used to work at Le Bec), but since Bibou tweeted a picture of this yesterday, it was probably Pierre's creation. The best dessert I've had so far this year.
Obviously a fantastic meal. We had a table for 10 in the back room, which I think is a little quieter than the front. Service, as always at Blackfish, was stellar, and it was also great to see Hans, our favorite Bibou server, enjoying the dinner along with the rest of us. Pierre's lovely wife Charlotte also put in an appearance with Eloise, their new baby daughter (see the adorable photo of Pierre and Eloise I posted on the Yelp Bibou page), who is obviously well on her way to being as wonderful a hostess as her mother.
~1975 Château Climens Sauternes
Who won this "competition"? I'm going give the Dish ot the Night to Chip's wonderful quenelles. But other than that, I'll stick with calling it a draw.
To steal a phrase from a famous Philadelphian (W.C. Fields): On the whole, I'm glad I live in Philadelphia (where we have two such great chefs and restaurants to choose from).
re: PhillyBestBYOB
Sounds wonderful! Frozen grand mariner souffle is my favorite dessert too. Thanks for posting the photo of beautiful Eloise. The last two times we were at Bibou, Charlotte was enceinte (very much so last time).


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Thread: Import API - php
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Import API - php
I would just like to start by saying sorry if this is the wrong area.
I am trying to import data from a a Game site API http://worldoftanks.com/community/cl...fset=0&limit=1, however I am not sure where to start with this one.
It doesn't appear to be standard xml.
What I am trying to do is create a script on my website which will read this page and import the data into the database, and via a cron will update it every day.
A tap in the right direction with this one would be a great help.
Thankyou in advance
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Its not XML, it looks to me that its JSON. Use PHP's json_decode function to return it to an array PHP can deal with.


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Father Columba Stewart, director of the Hill Museum & Manuscript Library in Collegeville, MN, sits down with Dr. Getachew Haile to discuss how he became the library's Cataloguer of Oriental Manuscripts and Curator of the Ethiopian Study Center after fleeing his native Ethiopia.
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SKLZ Pro X Tee
|Eligible for 20% Off Your Entire Purchase! (see promotion details)
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The Pro X tee from SKLZ® features an institutional-grade tee that gives you virtually unlimited training options. You can correct swing flaws or get in quality repetition training; the dual-wrapped tee tops and sturdy metal base provide unmatched durability for years of use.
- Improve bat path, swing mechanics, and body positioning
- Use for numerous drills including: inside pitch, outside pitch, middle pitch, swing path, stay inside the ball, high tee, two ball, and inside-out swing
- Comes with 1 short tee top, 2 long tee tops, and 3-part base
- Durable neoprene and nylon tee tops
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Comments about SKLZ Pro X Tee:
Bought 3 more to give to the high school teams to use. I have had used lots of batting tees over the years, most would last at the most a season to a week before becoming junk. My own ProXTee I have used for 5 seasons coaching 2 travel teams, and a high school team. Players use it nearly every day almost year round, and it's still in one piece. You can quickly use for many drills, which they provide 100's of videos on, that would normally take lots of time to make needed adjustments or you would have to rig something to do various drills. The tee is very light weight and very quick/easy to set-up.
- Was this a gift?:
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We have Jonas Gray so the point is mute.
Besides, we will be a predominate throwing first team next year.
Plain and simple, we need a stud WR! We are set with lamar. Kinda reminds me of Tony Nathan.
I wouldn't mind our own mini Calvin Johnson type
your big time running back is lamar miller if he can stay healthy.
big time running backs in there prime dont really hit free agency EVER.
S.Jackson from the Rams will test the market but he is past his prime and is basically what Daniel Thomas is for us.
Reggie Bush and that effort last thursday was pathetic
Miami Dolphins, Miami Heat , Virginia Tech
Xbox Live : Tiko7523
Psn : Tiko7523
Hayden, your offseason plan? Are you the GM now? I know you have vast knowledge but the team probably won't incorporate your plan. All I'm saying is that if we had an Arian Foster, a Frank Gore or even a Doug Martin we'd be way ahead of where we are now. If you can't run the ball we will end up like the last 3 games. Smothered and looking pathetic. I can't believe how badly Bush has regressed, Thomas is no big deal at all and Millers had maybe 10 carries all year. We are not set and if we don't upgrade it will hurt Tannehill. The kid has to have a running game and right now we don't have the talent. Tampa Bay is a MUCH better team because of Doug Martin. Freemans' freakin reborn. How can you not see that?


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Hang tight!
Recipe by ruth uitto
"Easy pie! You can substitute a prepared shortbread or graham cracker crust for the pastry crust, if you like."
Hmm. None of these ingredients are on sale today.
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1 (14 ounce) can
sweetened condensed milk
4 tablespoons
fresh lime juice
4 tablespoons
lemon juice
3 drops
green food coloring
1 cup
heavy whipping cream
1 (9 inch)
pie shell, baked
This was very good. I used all key lime juice instead of half lime & lemon juices. I also left out the green food coloring. Real key lime pie doesn't have a green color. I also used some fresh lime zest for a little extra kick. It was a very quick & easy recipe.
This pie was great... the second day. It needs some time for the tastes to mingle. When I served it originally, it tasted pretty much like eating straight sweetened condensed milk. Save some whipped cream as topping - you won't regret it.
44 Ratings
EXQUISITE! My husband is peculiar about his key lime pie and this one got a thumbs up from him. It's ridiculously simple and tastes divine. I wasn't even a fan of key lime pie till I tasted this version. Fabulous recipe...THANKS. (I used a shortbread crust...tasted perfect.)
Unfortunately my husband and I were not impressed with this pie. Overall the sweetened condensed milk over powered the taste of the pie. It was definitely easy to prepare and a kid friendly recipe to get them involved in. Our 5 yr old son loved it but I think it was because he was able to prepare most of the pie and was impressed with how the food coloring turned the mixture green.
Next time I will definitely opt for a key lime pie recipe that is baked to help break down the sugar.
My experience making this recipe turned into an adventure. I thought that I had a reasonable expectation that I would be able to get 8 tablespoons of juice out of 30 key limes. I prefer Persian limes, believe me. Key limes are a headache. After 40 minutes of cutting, seeding and prodding all the juice I could out of the critters, I only had 4 tablespoons of juice. I had no other source of juice in the house, and time wouldn't permit a trip to the store. So! I decided that I would use some lemon drink powder and water to make up the difference. Well, of course, the water foiled the effect of the condensed milk and juice combination, yielding a watery filling. I decided to add 4 egg yolks, and baked it for about 40 minutes at 350. The pie was just great! Since it was for company, it was a breath holding experience, but turned out nicely. Don't know that I would recommend doing this exactly, but just thought I'd share.
3 & and 1/2 stars. After reading reviews I doubled the key lime juice & was glad I did. It's good but SO SWEET. It firms up to a nice creamy, sturdy consistency though, especially if you pop in the freezer for a few minutes BEFORE the fridge. Not quite as good as Key Lime Pie VII but better than Key Lime Pie I.
I made this pie for Father's Day, and everybody who had some loved it, the only thing I changed, was that I used all lime juice instead of half lemon and half lime and made my own crust, using one package of graham crackers, 1/3 cup melted butter and 1/4 cup sugar possessed and then packed down into to pie pan.
This recipe has the distinct disadvantage of following the most amazing key lime restaurant pie I've ever had (Charleston's) a few weeks ago. The filling mixture is just fine, but not stupendous. I printed the recipe, bought the groceries and supervised and my wife and mother-in-law made the pie. My wife gave it a 6 on a 1 to 10 scale, which I thought was just about right. The recipe's major advantage is ease of preparation. It's quick and easy. I prefer "real" pie crust, but my wife wanted gram cracker crust (If mama ain't happy ....). Still, it *would* have been better with the real stuff.
* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
Key Lime Pie IV
Serving Size: 1/8 of a recipe
Servings Per Recipe: 8
Amount Per Serving
Calories: 382
Calories from Fat: 208
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Delicious recipes, party ideas, and cooking tips! Get a year of Allrecipes magazine for $7.99!
Easy key lime pie with Greek-style yogurt bakes up fast!
Use fresh key lime juice if you can, as it adds the biggest flavor.
See how to make a quick-and-easy, award-winning key lime pie.


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Let's say you do everything well to have a good sleep: no excitation before, light diner, good position in bed, ... Also given you sleep as much as you need too and wake up naturally, is it better to sleep from 9pm to, say, 4am or from midnight to 6am? These hours are examples, so there may be better ones, depending of the answer.
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If you have an Android phone, find out yourself. Sleep as Android is a really good application for tracking sleep, though you'd have to pay a little extra for the visual statistics.
Interestingly, the statistics show that I sleep deepest when I fall asleep at 5 AM. But this is most likely due to being exhausted wasting the night on something. I get a lot of deep sleep near 11 PM as well, compared to the hours in between.
But sleep quality itself actually differs widely.
I don't think any research on this is actually very reliable, because there's too many factors that can't be controlled, so I'd advise that you just try it out for yourself.


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Whisperlite Hiker Stove$89.99Lightweight and versatile backpacking stove from MSR uses white gas or kerosene and includes a windscreen heat reflector, fuel pump, and stuff sack. Shaker jet technology makes cleaning as simple as shaking the stove. Weighs 14 oz. Fuel bottle not included. Learn More
Trail Chef Aluminum Cook Kit$89.99There's enough heavy-duty aluminum cookware here to prepare dinner for a whole troop. The 19-piece cook kit includes: 8-qt. pot 4-qt. pot and lid 2-qt. pot and lid 10 1/2" fry pan 9" fry panTwo fry pan handlesCocoa pot and lidFour 9" platesFour 8-oz. plastic cups Style of components may vary slightly from photo. Learn More


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Well the Marlins have sure been sucking ass....drop another game/series to the Rays
Marlins have been horrible in June.
Terrible loss tonight.
Just terrible.
Four run ninth inning.
Stanton will be in the HR derby
Josh Johnson bobblehead giveaway tonight at the stadium. It's the first bobblehead giveaway with the new uniforms.
I have a friend checking in right now to pick me up a pair.
The Marlins what a waste they need to be recycled.
Congrats to Mike Stanton for getting selected to the All-Star game...also nice to see us sweep the Phillies


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Comments On Sep 09, 2013:This makes the job extremely painless and it only took me about 10 minutes to do the job. Buy this if you have PDS suspension on your ktm. You won't regret it.
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Comments On Mar 27, 2013:A+++
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Comments On Aug 17, 2010:This tool seemed a little expensive when I was buying it, however, it makes swapping the heim joint a breeze.
I'm not the greatest when it comes to these types of jobs, sometimes way over-thinking what needs to be done, however, this tool made it incredibly simple.
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text:
Description:60GB Non-Hot-Plug Serial ATA (SATA)5 400 RPM 2.5-inch Form Factor Notebook DriveManufacturer Part# MHW2060BH
Overview:A variety of tested Fujitsu SATA Hard Drives offering data integrity and availability in hot-pluggable models. Fujitsu SATA 5 400 rpm Hard Drives provide entry-level performance and high capacity drives. All Fujitsu hard drives pass a rigorous qualification process which ensures that every drive is proven to perform in your server. Before final certification all Fujitsu Serial-ATA hard drives are optimized for compatibility and functionality.
CategoryFujitsu HardDrive
GenerationSATA NB
Part NumberMHW2060BH
Products ID456532
TypeHard Drive - Hot-Swap
Form Factor2.5" x 1/3H
Capacity60 GB
Interface TypeSerial ATA
Connector22-position Serial ATA (ATA) plug
Data Transfer Rate150 Mbps
Average Seek Time9 ms
Spindle Speed5400 rpm


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At Boston Marathon: Hot Temps And New Wheelchair Race Record
Originally published on Mon April 16, 2012 12:23 pm
The big story at today's Boston Marathon is the weather — in particular the bright, sunny skies and temperatures in the 80s that have race officials worried about how well some of the 27,000 registered runners will cope with the heat for 26.2 miles.
As the Boston Globe says, the medical tents are likely going to be quite busy today. And the Globe says that:
"Typically, the Boston Athletic Association (BAA) gets 288 five-gallon bottles of Poland Spring Natural Spring Water at the first water stops [miles 2 and 14] and 328 five-gallon bottles at the remainder of the water stations.
"This year, in anticipation of the high temperatures, they've upped it to 408 five-gallon bottles at all of the hydration stations along the course."
The city's mayor even suggested that some runners might want to skip this year's race. ESPN Boston reports that Mayor Tom Menino said Sunday that "we're asking runners who haven't run previously to think about tomorrow and maybe coming back next year. ... We don't want to have any accidents out there, or anybody overtaken by the heat."
The heat hasn't kept one record from already being set, though. According to the Globe, Canada's Joshua Cassidy won the wheelchair competition with a time of 1 hour, 18 minutes, 25 seconds — beating the previous course record by two seconds.
The Globe is live blogging here. The lead pack of men runners is about three minutes behind last year's pace, it says. They'll likely finish shortly after noon ET.
Update at 12:24 p.m. ET. Kenyan Cherop Wins Women's Race:
"Sharon Cherop won the women's race in the Boston Marathon on Monday," the AP writes, "surviving hot weather and a challenge from fellow Kenyan Jemima Jelagat Sumgong to win in an unofficial 2 hours, 31 minutes, 50 seconds. ... With temperatures rising to 78 degrees by the finish, Cherop won with the slowest time in Boston since 1985."
Update at 12:18 p.m. ET. Kenya's Korir Wins:
Wesley Korir of Kenya has won the men's race. His unofficial time, according to the Globe: 2:12:40. That's almost 9 minutes behind last year's world-record finish at the race.
Update at 12:05 p.m. ET. More Than 4,000 Elected Not To Run:
According to The Associated Press, "22,426 runners started Monday's race," which means more than 4,500 who registered did not run. Those who opted not to take part because of the heat will be offered places in next year's race, organizers say.


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One Year Later, Hurricane Irene Proves It Was Still a Wild Force of Nature [VIDEOS]
Monika Graff, Getty Images
The one-year anniversary of the land fall of Hurricane Irene will take place this weekend. The storm, which barreled up the East Coast, left an estimated 65 million people at risk, according to NOAA. A


text:
None of my comments or likes on friends posts show on my Timeline. They are all in my Activity Log and are all marked as 'allowed on Timeline'. The only things visible on my Timeline are my own direct posts or shares, nothing else. This has been the case ever since the change for me from Wall to Timeline - ie a few months now. Can anyone please help me with this.
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Argus 160 Mi-TIC 1 button 30Hz
Argus 160 Mi-TIC 3 button 30Hz
Argus4 Thermal Imager 160x120
Argus4 Thermal Imager 160x120 with Hard Case
Argus4 Thermal Imager 160x120, 9Hz
Argus4 Thermal Imager 160x120, 9 Hz with Hard Case
Thermal Imagers for First Responders and Fire Fighters are used to locate casualties and hazards in total darkness, smoke, fog and fire. Thermal Imagers are used to measure surface temperature and temperature differential of surrounding areas for Commercial, Industrial, General and First Responder Use. They are now considered to be an essential tool utilized in many first responder applications including, but not limited to, Law Enforcement, Fire Fighting, Marine Safety and Home Land Security. They are now used and accepted world wide for Safety and Enforcement Searches. They are considered to be extremely powerful weapons that can be used by firefighters and emergency personnel in the fight against increased property damage as well as rescue of human life. The use of thermal cameras offers fire fighters a tactical, search and positioning advantage. A handheld thermal imager allows the observation and location of impending fire damage as well as locating and saving human life. This increases the probability of locating injured or hidden casualties in a fire as well as locating the source of high temperature and possible danger to structure and property.
The two figures below are representative of what is seen with night vision (Figure 1) and what is captured with a thermal imager (Figure 2). Figure 1 represents a typical night vision view of a park surrounded by trees and foliage. It is not apparent that there is any human life in the general surroundings. Using a Thermal Imager designed for first responders, figure 2 demonstrates that someone is behind the foliage. If the park vegetation was beginning to ignite, the location of the person in the woods offers an undeniable advantage to the rescue responder team.
Compare the same view
Figure 1: Night Vision Camera Figure 2: Thermal Image
Primary Applications for First Responder and Fire Thermal Imaging Cameras
See through smoke, dust, and light fog
See through camouflage and foliage in any lighting conditions
See farther in zero visibility
Significantly improve safety and mobility
Find hidden or injured in fires
Monitor temperatures for preventative maintenance and condition monitoring of equipment
Fire Prevention surveys
Monitoring the effectiveness of cooling
Searching for a person in deep water
Examining containers storing hazardous or flammable materials
Road Traffic accidents
Predict potential of Hidden Fire Flashover
Locating the seat and spread of a fire
Searching for casualties
Overhaul Systems
Pre Qualification of Residential or Industrial hazards
See through dense smoke and in darkness
Detect and display the relevant temperatures of objects and walls
Moving swiftly in "Search and Rescue" of casualties
Enhance Mission Effectiveness
Maximize Operational Capability
Improve Officer and Firefighter Safety
The human eye uses reflected light to visualize and produce an image. Daylight cameras, night-vision devices, and the human eye all work on the same basic principle. When light energy reflects off of an object, our eyes receive that signal and produce the appropriate image. In darkness, or in fog, or in smoke, we are limited to the external light provided. If there isn't enough light or the artificial light is not sufficient, we no longer see clearly or see at all. When using night vision devices, the available light is magnified to produce an image. These devices have range limitations especially in extremely low-light conditions. It becomes difficult to view or recognize an object or produce any contrast for the image we would like to find. The thermal contrast between an object and its surroundings is what safety first responders are seeking.
Thermal imaging cameras measure the reflected thermal energy and are not susceptible or responsive to daylight or artificial light. First Responder Cameras indicate temperature variations usually by a display of sharp black and white contrast screen. By sensing this thermal energy and displaying it as black and white video, thermal imagers allow you to see things from farther away and with greater contrast than conventional visible-light cameras and night-vision technologies. As long as there is a temperature variation, within the resolution and sensitivity of the camera, the image will be displayed. The use of flashlights and high beam spotlights never finds a hidden human in the midst of smoke. The photo below, figure 3 is indicative of locating someone who is in trouble at the scene of a fire where the area is smoke filled. In this case, the rescue team finds the Thermal Imager to, literally, be a life saver.
Figures 3 and 4: Victims found thru smoke by Thermal Imagers
Features to Consider when choosing a thermal imaging camera for fire and first responder use
IR Resolution or Detector Pixel Size
Ambient Operating Temperature
Direct Temperature Measurement
FOV - Field Of View
Start Up Time
Display Size & Replaceable Lens
Single Hand Operation
Ease of Use
Refresh (Frame) Rate (Hz)
Memory Recording Capability
Standard Black / White Display or Special Color Alarm
BatteryLife and Replacement
Enclosure Ratings / Capability
Drop Test Capability
Connection and Output Capability
IR Resolution (Pixel Array)
Detector resolution is based on the pixel array that each camera contains. Using larger pixel arrays, 640X480, (as well as the lens "Field of View" selected and any special electronics being added to the optical circuit), cameras can measure smaller targets at a longer distance that would be sharper and in greater detail. As the pixel array increase in size and the focal length is increased, changes in thermal visibility will be extended over a longer distance. Please see FOV, "Field of View" paragraph below. Given a fixed pixel array, the FOV will determine the detail of temperature being displayed.
FOV - Field Of View
The FOV or "Field of View" is the area of the image that is measured and viewed on the imager screen. The lens has the greatest influence on the total view, but a larger pixel array (matrix) may provide greater detail of desired temperature gradient. By choosing the appropriate lens with a specific pixel array, you are also determining the length of visual capability for the Imager.
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Using the appropriate Thermal Imager designed to be used in the high temperature environment of firefighting allows for viewing of extremely high and low temperatures in one screen with clear definition. The units can also find casualties in the midst of high temperature conditions. Note the capture of temperature information in the two photos below and figure 4 above
Figures 8 and 9: First Responder Thermal Images with Temperature Information
There is no doubt that using Thermal Imaging for Rescue and Firefighting provides an increased opportunity for safety and success for all first responders. This tool allows any operator to have the ability to increase life and death circumstance to their benefit as well as added protection at their fingertips. Thermal Imaging cameras will assist in approaching fires more strategically, able to detect additional combustibles and find hotspots quicker. Using a Thermal Imager will absolutely allow responders to rescue victims sooner. For additional information, contact your TEquipment Certified Thermal Imaging Expert.
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Mark Bittman's Smart Take on Kids and Pesticides
Last week, I took Dr. Oz to task for painting organic foods as a luxury item that distracts working families from the important task of eating healthily and frugally. My riposte: It's the pesticides, stupid. The NYT's Mark Bittman has a column on the ongoing menace of pesticides, and he tags several things I missed in my piece.


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Chain Letter
Horror, Suspense/Thriller
When high school senior Jessie Campbell and her tight-knit group of friends begin to receive a series of foreboding email chain letters, they have no idea the terror that awaits them. With a warning that if they break the chain, they will lose a life, the seemingly harmless email turns deadly when one-by-one the friends that do not forward the chain letter are hunted down and gruesomely killed by horror's newest villain, The Chain Man.
Cast: Nikki Reed, Keith David, Brad Dourif, Betsy Russell, Matt Cohen
Produced by:
Directed by: Deon Taylor
Written by: Michael J. Pagan, Diana Erwin
Running time: 1hr 26min
Opens: Oct 01, 2010 Limited
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An exotic private island in the Caribbean? Or a few yards out from Laguna Beach? Believe it or not, it's the latter! This spectacular image, from the lens of legendary surfing photographer Woody Woodworth, comes from a day when a rare upwelling of clear water and a bright midday sun created a rare opportunity to make California's Pacific coast look positively exotic. Must be seen to be believed! Perfect for the wall of any lover of the power of the ocean.
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Ask Chris #138: Ladies Night For the JLA
Over a lifetime of reading comics, Senior Writer Chris Sims has developed an inexhaustible arsenal of facts and opinions. That's why, each and every week, we turn to you to put his comics culture knowledge to the test as he responds to your reader questions!
Q: In response to the all X-Women X-Men team: Who would you put on an all female Avengers/JLA/Defenders/whatever? -- @WBXylo
A: I'm sure I've talked about this more than a few


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Rays manager Joe Maddon will host his traditional Thanksmas event at this year's Fan Fest on Saturday, Feb. 22, 2014 at Tropicana Field. Don't miss this unique opportunity to enjoy hors d'oeuvres based on Maddon's homemade spaghetti, meatballs, and pierogies, a meal he has served at area homeless shelters over the last eight winters as part of his Thanksmas initiative. All proceeds benefit the Rays Baseball Foundation in support of Joe Maddon' s Thanksmas. There is limited availability, so purchase your tickets now!
When: 12:30 - 2 p.m. during Fan Fest on Saturday, Feb. 22, 2014. Registration begins at 11:30 a.m.
Where: Ted Williams Museum (second floor) in Tropicana Field, accessible near the Gate 1 Rotunda
Raffle tickets can be purchased at the event for a chance to win great prizes, including a catered suite, autographed baseballs from Rays players, photo opportunities with Joe Maddon, game-worn jerseys, framed memorabilia and more!


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Morning Light
Fifteen young sailors. Six months of intense training. One chance at the brass ring. This exciting, true-life documentary tells the inspiring story of a group of intrepid and daring young men and women on the cusp of adulthood, as they embark on life's first great adventure. Racing a high-performance 52-foot sloop in the Transpac, the most revered of open-ocean sailing competitions, the crew of Morning Light matches wits and skills in a dramatic 2,300-mile showdown against top professionals. From their earliest training sessions in Hawaii conducted by world-class teachers through their test of endurance on the high seas, they form an unbreakable bond in the process of becoming a singular team that is greater than the sum of its parts.
Cast: Chris Clark, Jesse Fielding, Graham Brant-Zawadzki, Charlie Enright, Chris Branning
Produced by: Morgan Sackett
Directed by: Mark Monroe, Paul Crowder
Written by:
Running time: 1hr 37min
Opens: Oct 17, 2008 Limited
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Amazing Art Deco style, awesome racing action, and a reproduction quality you have to see to believe! This spectacular poster, imported directly from Europe by SportsPosterWarehouse.com, features the official poster of the eighth edition of the world's longest-running and best-known automotive race, the Grand Prix of Monaco. From a treacherous seaside curve in the middle of the legendary course, artist George Ham perfectly captured the excitement of racing, the beauty of the Monte-Carlo area, and the revolutionary artistic style of the era. This HUGE reproduction is of the highest available lithographic quality, printed on strong acid-free off-white archival stock with beautiful, vivid inks. Bring true 1930s style to your wall, and have your friends beg the question: is that an original?
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Chemical Engineering is dynamic and evolving. It provides many solutions to problems facing industries in the pharmaceutical, biotechnological, oil, energy and food and drink sectors. It is vital to many issues affecting our quality of life; such as better and more economical processes to reduce the environmental burden, and more delicious and longer lasting food due to the right combination of chemistry, ingredients and processing.
Birmingham is a friendly, self-confident, School which has one of the largest concentrations of chemical engineering expertise in the UK. The School is consistently in the top five chemical engineering schools for research in the country.
It has a first-class reputation in learning, teaching and research, and is highly placed in both The Guardian and The Times league tables. The School was recently awarded the Queen's Anniversary Prize for Higher Education.
UCAS code: H8N1
Duration: 4 years
Places Available: 140 (Total number of places for all BEng/MEng Chemical Engineering Courses).
Applications in 2014: 890
Typical Offer: A*AA, AAAA also accepted. (More detailed entry requirements and the international qualifications accepted can be found in the course details)
Start date: September
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Apply to study here
Admissions Tutor: Dr Anita Ghag
Telephone enquiries: +44 (0)121 414 5333
Email: email@example.com
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This four-year, accredited, course has a student satisfaction rating of 95%. It has been designed to be relevant to the needs of modern industry and to produce graduates who have the personal and intellectual qualities to be successful in their chosen careers. By the end of the course, you will be equipped to play leading roles in a professional capacity in both industry and academia, and thus able to deal with issues at the forefront of the discipline. Once fully qualified you will:
The course offers a modular programme of study, which normally leads to the award of Bachelor of Engineering (BEng) in four years.
Here you are introduced to the fundamentals of chemical and energy engineering and the chance to learn about other engineering disciplines. Here, also, you will begin to develop the transferable skills that will carry you through your course, and beyond, into your life as a professional engineer. One major, optional, opportunity to hone these skills and put many of them into practice, is attendance on our residential course at the University's own outward bound centre in the Lake District. IT skills will be taught in our purpose-built computing facility.
Themes begun in the first year are developed to the standard you need as a professional engineer. You study advanced heat and mass transfer, reactors and catalysis and unit operations. Financial decision making, international business, marketing and human resource management are studied in the business part of the course.
You have the option to spend a year in industry at the end of your second year. We have strong links with a large number of key companies to assist you, including Procter & Gamble, Unilever, BP, EDF, Conoco Philips, Pepsi Co, Jaguar/Land Rover, Exxon Mobil, Cadbury, Astra Zeneca, Johnson Matthey and Glaxo Smith Kline as well as with smaller to medium enterprises. Typically you will have to pass the interview process run by the company with which you are seeking a placement. The industrial placement gives you experience of working in the chemical engineering field which will enhance your CV and allow you to acquire further knowledge and employability skills. Our industrial liaison tutor will be able to advise you about the application procedures.
The third year develops the chemical engineering fundamentals further, to graduate level. All students undertake an industry-linked design project which enables them to put into practice all of the skills they have gained. Business is focused on supply chain management and corporate finance.
Generic skills-training, focusing on transferable skills and employability, is embedded throughout the course from the outset, and will ensure that you are equipped with the ICT, presentation, team-working and problem solving skills which will enhance your employability on graduation.
At Birmingham, we provide diverse, yet balanced, courses, enabling our graduates to gain employment in a wide range of industries. Teaching is provided by lecturers who are global experts in their field, with multi-million pound investment providing leading-edge teaching facilities and laboratories.
We produce graduates who can function in today's fast-changing marketplace, and your career prospects will be excellent. Your Birmingham degree is evidence of your ability to succeed in a demanding academic environment.
Employers target Birmingham students for their drive, diversity, communication and problem-solving skills, their team-working abilities and cultural awareness, and our graduate employment statistics have continued to climb at a rate well above national trends.
The modules will be the same indicated in the link below with the addition of an industrial year in the third year.
Standard fees apply. Learn more about fees and funding.Scholarships
Number of A levels required: 3
Typical offer: A*AA, AAAA also accepted.
Required subjects and grades: A level Chemistry and Mathematics (M1 Mechanics module or AS Physics is preferred instead of Statistics module). If Statistics is offered, applicants should also offer AS level Physics.
General Studies: not accepted
Additional information:
Other qualifications are considered – learn more about entry requirements
International students:
International Baccalaureate Diploma: 7,6,6 at Higher Level including Mathematics and Chemistry at Higher Level grade 6 with a minimum of 32 points overall. We will consider Standard Level Mathematics grade 7.
Irish Leaving Certificate qualifications: A1 & A in Maths and Chemistry, A in English and AAA
Standard English language requirements apply.Learn more about international entry requirements.
Depending on your chosen course of study, you may also be interested in the Birmingham Foundation Academy, a specially structured programme for international students whose qualifications are not accepted for direct entry to UK universities. Further details can be found on the foundation academy web pages.
Apply through UCAS at www.ucas.com. Learn more about applying.
Key Information Sets (KIS) are comparable sets of information about full- or part-time undergraduate courses and are designed to meet the information needs of prospective students.
All KIS information has been published on the Unistats website and can also be accessed via the small advert, or 'widget', below. On the Unistats website you are able to compare all the KIS data for each course with data for other courses.
The development of Key Information Sets (KIS) formed part of HEFCE's work to enhance the information that is available about higher education. They give you access to reliable and comparable information in order to help you make informed decisions about what and where to study.
The KIS contains information which prospective students have identified as useful, such as student satisfaction, graduate outcomes, learning and teaching activities, assessment methods, tuition fees and student finance, accommodation and professional accreditation.
Personal Tutor
At the start of your degree, you will be assigned a Personal Tutor who will remain with you throughout your studies to help you in three important areas: supporting your academic progress, developing transferable skills and dealing with any welfare issues.
Delivery of the course
In your first and second years, the course is delivered as lectures, small group workshops, laboratories, computer-based activities, enquiry-based learning and tutorials. A strong emphasis is placed on design project work in your third year.
Practical work forms an integral part of the School?s degree programmes. Laboratory classes are embedded within modules in years 1 and 2 and used, not only to develop your experimental practical skills, but also to reinforce concepts introduced in lectures or to explore a particular phenomenon. Many of these classes take place in the Dearden Laboratory created in 2011.
Tutorials/personal tutorials run alongside the lecture course, addressing any individual problems you may have and allowing you to consolidate the lecture material, as well as test your understanding through problem-solving exercises. Your Personal Tutor is assigned to you at the start of your course and remains with you until graduation, helping you in three important areas: supporting your academic progress, developing transferable skills and helping with welfare issues.
Enquiry Based Learning (EBL) provides an environment where your learning process is driven by enquiry. The lecturer?s role is purely as a facilitator. Typically a group activity; this requires working in a team and you can be assessed in a variety of ways: in either a group or individually, by written reports and sometimes as a presentation. EBL will give you a research-orientated approach to a problem, and has a synergy within research-led institutions like the University of Birmingham.
Project work is critical to chemical engineering and this is taught through the design project. The projects are run in collaboration with industrial partners and taught by small group tutorial consultations where emphasis is on developing your design and communication skills to solve problems. If you are an MEng student you will undertake a research project. You can choose from a wide range of topics and will be supported by an academic whose research interests have lead to that project being offered.
The course modules are taught through lectures, tutorial problem classes, laboratories and/or project work. Assessment methods used are examinations, written assignments and laboratory and project reports. The balance of examinations and coursework for an individual module reflects the nature of the subject being covered. Some courses are evaluated purely by examination while others only by coursework. A strong emphasis is placed on project work in the third and fourth years. Examinations are taken in May and June.
We place strong emphasis on providing prompt and informative feedback on all pieces of work that you submit during your studies. Feedback comes in a variety of forms, including written feedback on pieces of assessment, class feedback sessions and one-on-one discussions with your tutors. In all cases, the feedback will highlight the good points as well as those areas that require more attention.
During your first year the University will require you to undergo a formal 'transition' review to see how you are getting on and if there are particular areas where you need support. This is in addition to the personal tutor who is based in the School and can help with any academic issue you encounter.
At the beginning of each module, you will be given information on how and when you will be assessed for your particular programme of study. You will receive feedback on each assessment within four weeks, so that you can learn from and build upon what you have done. You will be given feedback on any exams that you take; if you should fail an exam, we will ensure that particularly detailed feedback is made available to enable you to learn for the future.
Your career prospects on graduation from our School will be outstanding. The chemical, pharmaceutical, oil, energy and food industries are amongst the wealthiest and can afford to pay top salaries to high-flying graduates from accredited courses such as ours. Feedback shows that 93% of students on this course go straight into work and/or further study after graduating and those in work are, typically, earning in the range £25,000-£29,000 pa six months after graduation. Of those working, 95% are doing professional/managerial jobs.
Manufacturing and other areas of science and technology, such as environmental protection or sustainable energy, also have employers with large power bases where great careers can be forged. Other areas that favour the skills you will acquire are finance, law and marketing as well as teaching and/or research; all vital areas of society requiring input from the finest young minds.
Superb opportunities exist for you to gain industrial experience before you graduate and a rich vein of expertise will be available for you to tap into to help you to find employment:
At School-level, you can opt to add a year to your programme, whatever the course you are studying, and spend this time on placement in industry. You will gain relevant work experience, and earn money putting into practice the skills and knowledge gained from your degree. Students on placement get involved in serious projects which ask searching questions that require good engineering answers - and which often lead to sponsorship and/or the offer of a graduate job. On successful completion of a placement in industry organised by the School, and success in your studies, you will be awarded the Certificate in Industrial Studies to add to your degree and improve your employability prospects.
At University-level, our unique careers guidance service is tailored to academic subject areas, offering a specialised team (in each of the five academic colleges) who can give you expert advice. Our team sources exclusive work experience opportunities to help you stand out amongst the competition, with mentoring, global internships and placements available to you. Once you have a career in your sights, one-to-one support with CVs and job applications will help give you the edge. In addition, our employer-endorsed award-winning Personal Skills Award (PSA) recognises your extra-curricular activities, and provides an accredited employability programme designed to improve your career prospects.
Whichever of the above forms of careers guidance, or combination of such, you select you will find your prospects for employment after graduation considerably enhanced. If you make the most of the wide range of careers advice we can offer, you will be able to develop your career from the moment you arrive.
Emma Roberts, who studied one of our courses, said:
'Both my work and placements helped to put my studies in context and make informed career decisions.' 'The course I took gave me an excellent foundation for a career in chemical engineering; good lab work in the first few years really put the lectures in context.
An emphasis was placed on how engineering applies to the real world, which was exactly what I was looking for in a degree course. Industrial experience taught me a lot about time management, working in a team and being flexible; and the course gave me an excellent foundation for my career with BP.'
Preparation for your career should be one of the first things you think about as you start university. Whether you have a clear idea of where your future aspirations lie or want to consider the broad range of opportunities available once you have a Birmingham degree, our Careers Network can help you achieve your goal.
If you make the most of the wide range of services
you will be able to develop your career from the moment you arrive.
Visit the Careers section of the University website for further information.
Our Chemical Engineering programmes are accredited by the Institution of Chemical Engineers.
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6 October 2008Children can enjoy some arty fun at one of Scotland's best historic attractions – and it's free to get in.
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ICBA Reinsurance Pays 10th Consecutive Dividend for Community Bank Shareholders
Washington, D.C. (December 20, 2012)–ICBA Reinsurance, the captive reinsurance company of the Independent Community Bankers of America (ICBA), has paid its 10th consecutive dividend. The $125,000 dividend was paid to community banks that qualified for a dividend based on 2011 results. More than 70 percent of ICBA Reinsurance shareholders received a dividend, which represents almost 5 percent of the shareholders' earned surplus.
"ICBA Reinsurance is focused on delivering sustainable long-term growth and cash returns to our shareholders, and we're pleased to offer this 10th consecutive dividend so they can continue to invest in their communities," said Stephen Ello, CAE, ICBA Reinsurance president and CEO. "
Through ICBA Reinsurance, community banks can offer their customers competitively priced, first-rate credit life and disability insurance products from two highly rated, nationally known and respected insurance companies, while also receiving additional tax-advantaged dividend income. Program participants continue to earn commission income and now have the opportunity to share insurance underwriting earnings and investment income on their premium reserves.
"Prior to ICBA Reinsurance, many community banks did not have access to many of the same captive reinsurance profit opportunities that larger banks have enjoyed," said William Wood, chairman of ICBA Reinsurance and chairman, president and CEO of CBT Financial Corp. and Clearfield Bank and Trust Co., Clearfield, Pa. "Our unique business model means that all community banks can protect their portfolio and their customers' assets while receiving tax-advantaged dividend income based on their successful underwriting results."
Since its inception, ICBA Reinsurance has paid more than $17.7 million in commission income and $12.5 million in claims on behalf of community banks to their customers. Participating community banks have shared more than $1.25 million in dividends.