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Update on my BBA situation
Excel spot treating seems to be working for now. I've also noticed that some of the BBA on my anubias is starting to turn red without any spot treating as well. I'm hoping more of it starts to die off. I'm assuming the die off has something to do with the change of flow in my tank I did about a week ago. The crypts that had some staghorn on them also don't have it anymore. Also, the little bits of hair algae are also gone.
Looks like everything is going good for now. As time goes on, I'll keep updating about my situation
I've been saying that in almost every post.
Startup tanks and tanks that are old have two things in common. They both have uncontested organic waste in the water column that eventually breaks down into ammonia and they both are algae targets. If you look at new tanks, even the smallest bit of ammonia causes problems that's why the bio-filter gap has to be bridged with A/C, Purigen, Seeding, Large Water Changes.
Old tanks have a build up over time and even with all the water changes, etc. there is still a build up and eventually the tank is not sustainable. YMWV based on light, load, etc.
My take on BBA is that organics cause it. The tank is dirty although it may look clear as a mountain stream. Maybe I missed it but in 4 pages of posts there was only one mentioning of the filter (A Fluval 406 on this 60 gallon tank). No note what is in the filter.
Two experiences about successfuly getting rid of BBA.
Tank 1 - made me think organics cause BBA.
Tank 2 - made me think good plant growth stops BBA.
Tank 1:
160 gallon tank.
About 50 3" fish (Black Halfbeaks, wild).
No CO2.
2 large size Eheims (4 gallon volume each) but full of crappy biomedia that never looked well colonized.
No mechanical filtration.
No BBA.
One day - an explosion of BBA. Found a few dead fish. Removed fish, changed 30% water every other day for 10 days. Added mechanical filtration. BBA went away completely. Removed mechanical filter.
After a few days - a new BBA explosion. Found dead fish again. Turns out fish were getting territorial with age. When I didn't feed them they got really nasty with each other to the point of killing. Changed water again - 30% every other day. Ran mechanical filter again. Fed fish well but never let food linger in the water or fall to the bottom. BBA went away after about 5 such water changes.
Played this game 3 or 4 more times until all but 1 fish was left in the tank. Every time the water changes got rid of the BBA. The mechanical filter must have only helped.
Conclusion:Got the notion that decaying matter causes BBA. And the remainings of that matter maybe minor but they support the BBA once it appears.
Tank 2:
High light.
High CO2.
65 gallon tank.
Prunning 1 to 2 handfuls every week for years.
Negligible amount of BBA + Clado for years. Up and down but never taking over in a too noticeable way.
Some of the BBA was forever on top of the sponge of the CO2 reactor (where the CO2 microbubbles come out).
Filter is ridiculous - AquaClear. No mechanical filtration. Volume of biomedia is about a pint and a half. Ridiculous. Part of the problem. Or so I thought.
Got sick of constantly present BBA + Clado and never really figuring out how to make to deal with them. Excel never helped, just slightly reduced Clado growth and killed Valisnerias. Embarked on a war:
Vacuumed bottom for a few weeks to remove organics. Bottom stayed clean after that. BBA + Clado still there.
Reduced N and P. Plants slowed growth. Clado gone. BBA - same.
Ran out of CSM - got Fluorish this time. Plants started growing very well despite lower N and P. Figured out old Trace mix was too old. Tank looks like new now, a month later. BBA gone. Discus spawned first time ever.
Introduced new, heavy BBA with some Anubias - within 2 weeks that BBA is now just tiny dots, going away too.
Conclusion:Got the notion organics are not the only culprit. Good plant growth does something to BBA.
1. Clean your tank very well.
Filter must have good mechanical AND biological filtration. Good amount of biomedia (Aim for 10% of tank volume. Yes 10%. More if possible.). Good flow through the media at all times.
2. Make sure the plants grow well.
Not sure how that works in a non-CO2 tank especially if BBA is already looking like it looks on the pictures on page 1.
3. Animal that eats BBA for sure - Styphodon ornatus. A goby that can completely clear a 3 sq. inches of BBA in 2-3 days and not harm even fine new Java Moss leaves. Problem with it - it likes to clean one single area and nothing else.
I agree with the comments above. Co2 is not a simple thing since I've been keeping track of it with a co2 sensor.
CO2 is not an algaecide. It's just that you create conditions in your tank to cause the nasty hairy BBa growth. It's always around in some form or another. You'd want invisible form. So keep the co2 stable and appropriate to your light levels.
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Do we see less BBA in tanks where they use AC? Purigen?
You can also add organic forms of N, say more fish, more fish food etc. Or add NH4, say urea or NH4Cl.
I've done it and postulated a long time ago that NH4 was a potential inducer for Green water. But I was able later to add 0.8 ppm per day of NH4Cl without any Green water or algae blooms.
I tried fish loading, progressively adding more and more bait minnows till I got a crash, GW, followed by staghorn and finally some BBA. About 100 3" bait minnows ina 25 Gal tank with foreground rug plants only. A stemy planted tank would require a lot of fish for this to occur.
I think works more like this:
If you switch to Daily water changes then this becomes more stable(CO2).
If you do it say one day a week, then it's less stable. Daily water changes works pretty well with CO2. Dose after etc, we do this a lot when there are "issues" and it does tend to fix many "issues". Folks experience excellent growth post water change day.
It's those days in between that cause issues if the CO2 is poor.
I do 2x a week for some tanks, once a week for others, once a month for some. Generally based on how much pruning/moving weeds around I do and light umols. Fish loads are quite large for all 3 tanks.
CO2/very high light tank has the CO2 around 55ppm. A couple of Hair algae issues.
CO2/mid light(180) has CO2 about 70 ppm. Virtually no issues.
CO2/low light 70 Gal, no issues, CO2 is about 50ppm.
O2 is 7 ppm to about 9.5 ppm depending on time of day.
Every so often, the CO2 will run out and I'll not notice or catch it for 1-3 days etc. Plants seem okay with this overall, algae not an issue, if you go a week etc, then?
The other issue I had when using disc and some diffusers: they did not add enough CO2 in the start of the day cycle. If i measured later in the day, I had ample CO2, if I measured every 15 min from light= 0, till light on for 2 hours, I had much less.
In other tanks, the built in overflows degassed too much to keep up with the CO2 delivery system. I would gas fish or not have enough CO2, very hard to balance that. Adding a bean animal or other type of prefilter made this issue go away.
Still, all these things tend to get back to CO2. It's(CO2) not a simple thing.
What might you do to test to make sure?
Degas the tap water really well, then use that for water changes by slow exchange without exposing the plants to air(this will quickly supply them with a lot of CO2 from the air exchange).
You might even try this without degassing the tap water.
Then see if you get BBA.
If not, and then you repeat the test while exposing the plants to air, then you have a a much much more likely culprit.
Plants are like a factory ina way. If you sudden increase production say 10X faster, but do not account for downstream production or it's justa blast through the factory, this upsets the entire assembly line.
It takes awhile to get things back in order.
Plant's enzymes have trouble readjusting and this seems to give the algae a signal( no clue how), maybe the sudden rapid change in CO2 is a good signal itself?
Like your tank and Dave's non CO2 tank, the plants did in fact adapt to LOW CO2. They grow, just slower. when you suddenly add a lot of CO2, this throws everything into Chaos for the plants.
If you live in a stream or lake/pond etc, and suddenly there's a large increase in CO2.........this means there's likely nutrients along with that CO2 since it's likely the CO2 is from organic decaying matter that runoff added from the valley/watershed around the water. Not a bad cue to start growing in a good spot if you are an alga.
Better than say O2 levels, or nutrient levels. But those likely play some role also.
Still, we find nice plants growing well in natural systems where the CO2 is stable. These spring fed systems have been in wonderful shape with plants for 500 years in some cases in Florida(The priest took notes that went with Ponce de Leon in his search of the fountain of youth in Florida). Those same springs still, have lush beds of aquatic plants.
A few Billion to one might be generous odds. And that's just one of the issues with the observation.
Plants? Certainly, this is very very common. Like palnts, the algae only use CO2 during the day time, maybe a few minutes after sunset, but not much more than few minutes after.
Audouinella is the genus.
Common in streams with 5-10 ppm of CO2(Sheath and Wehr Freshwater Algae of North America, 2003).
You can find plenty on this topic on google.
|Personally I feel Co2 is part of it, but is it the biggest part of keeping BBA and other algae away? Why is the water change so essential to keeping things pristine? Pretty simple to me your diluting any nitro organic decay, but at the same time your creating fluxing co2 levels are you not? If you increase water changes to every day are you going to get more algae because of the constant co2 flux. I don't think so.
I did in fact say there are other factors that lead to long term algae issues, current, filtration, general care, if you have some hypothesis you'd like to pose that says X causes BBA, I'm all ears.
Every single case I've addressed for myself and others in the last 20 years have all been, without a single exception, due to some type of CO2 issue.
We are talking well past 100 tanks.
I never said there are not exceptions.
Try messing with your CO2 and see if you get algae then. If you want it to happened even faster, add a lot of light. Drop checkers have many issues, if I used them and thought they were accurate, all my tanks would also have algae.
Yes, I'll get algae in tanks time to time. But I can beat them back pretty well. And I've gotten good enough to induce the algae and then go back and test to see if I can get rid of it. GDA is the only one I cannot induce easily. Most any other is pretty easy to do.
I think most assume they maxed their CO2 levels, they gas their fish. But they rarely go slow and progressive in small incremental adjustments, then carefully watch. Watch the plants and..the new algae growth. This is what I was telling Shineycard255.
Like most hobbyists, we are impatient.
If we adjust the cO2 slow and progressive, notch by notch on a good needle valve, make sure we have good current, clean the tank often, keep up on things routinely, use less, not more light, then algae is not much of threat.
A recent example:
1.2 W/gal of Tek T5's at 36" from the gloss. About 30 umols.
This is complete control over algae in such tanks.
Even with minimal plant biomass, eg, not just tanks full of stems.
Both tanks got a little BBA.
Typically about the 3-5th week in and both cases where due to........yep, CO2. The new growth stopped completely after careful tweaking.
But the old BBA? It stayed awhile.
I killed it with a big water change, sprayed the wood with excel, done.
In the larger Gloss tank, I have some BBA on the rocks, but it's never gone farther, and I've spot treated here and there, it's slowly dying off.
Older leaves the plant has given up on also get BBA.
After a big hack on my Starougyne lawn in my 180, the anemic whitish shaded leaves are suddenly exposed after trimming the tops.
Those leaves are not adapted to the high sudden light. The plant responds by not "defending them". A small amount of BBA covers a few leaves after 2-3 weeks till the new growth buries the BBA leaves and they decay away as new growth piles on.
In my 120 Gallon, there's a few short tufts of BBA on some spots of the wood that are below the water change line(roughly 70% in that tank).
The CO2 is obviously plenty good for any plant that's added in there, but BBA still will slowly grow. Why?
It cannot be due to the CO2, so I'd say there are exceptions also.
However, the BBA is so minor, it's hardly problematic, but it is there.
Nuisance algae where it causes real issues are/is due to CO2 however. I've yet to see otherwise. One might argue that new tank start ups are prone to BBA or other species more than any other tank, it might be due to new tank CO2 demand is not yet dialed in. But it could be due to something else.
I've fixed many friends, club members BBA issues and been hired to fix such issues. Some have taken a few years to figure out some things, some only a few days. Many try everything else, then finally after exhausting every other cure all, come back.
I was that guy myself.
Even then, I doubted for years and years.
Maybe I'm just lucky 100 out of 100 times?
Maybe, it's possible. But I've never relied much on luck.
So I did my PH and KH tests finally...
So then based off the chart here, I want to shoot for around 50ppm of CO2 in the tank. Is that correct?
hmmmmm check out Nicko's flow thread & filter thread. You might think diffrently.
someone probably already said this but..... turn off your equipment before doing the excel kill BBA thing. best to use a syringe and douse offending areas very slowly and limit hand/arm movement.
let it stand for 10 -15 min. Then do WC - add macro ferts- excel & micos - If you do it right ....ut will be all gone in less than 2 weeks. However heed the CO2 warnings - get a drop checker and a good needle valve ( not a clippard - go for a NV-55) GLA sells them.
Thanks for all the info. A) So I'm lead to belive BBA colonizes when CO2 is deficient or when it's levels are inconsistent. B)Also if the plants are growing and doing well, then there will be no black brush algae colonizing. From my encounters with BBA, I could see both of those hypotheses being true.
A few general observations: In a tank with no supplemental carbon and very high light, I had no BBA until I did water changes with city tap water. The more water changes I did, the more this stuff would colonize, but if used RO water, I had no more colonizing. Based on what I've read here, I would imagine the tap water was high in CO2, and the temporary rise in CO2 spurred the BBA colonization.
Regarding B) generally when the plants are growing really well, the BBA is not spreading. Now is this because the CO2 levels, and/or perhaps the tank conditions are stable and therefore the stimuli for BBA to colonize are not there, or is there some sort of allelopathic effect that is only generated by growing plants that keeps the algae from colonizing? I was reading through an awful planted tank book a few months ago, and that was one of the nice sentimental points the book made (healthy plants will produce allelopathic chemicals that inhibit algae), which I have not seen talked about much outside that book. Since the book had so much misinformation I have to think that Idea could be bogus as well.
Finally my last mixed question/statement. Would the build up of CO2 at night, if you run it 24/7, promote BBA colonization?
Oh one more, has anyone looked into the life cycle of the BBA? Anyone know the Latin name? I'm guessing there are some spores being exchanged, and probably some environmental cues that trigger their development and release? If we knew exactly how this stuff operated we would have a much better chance not getting it in the first place.
I see you give this advice over and over, but the fact that you won't even consider that there might be exceptional cases seems to be a bit too rigid of a mindset to me. I don't want CO2 in my low light tank, like I said, and the fact that you haven't seen something in 20 years doesn't mean it isn't true.
Respectfully, your advice didn't work for me and it's not clear to me that it's 'fact' that CO2 correlates so closely to algae.
Does not imply there was ample CO2 for the plants, or that other factors were not accounted for.
To get a reference tank, you must have mastery of the control in any test, otherwise you have no methods comparison. A tank without BBA being an issue is a reference tank.
Running CO2 24/7 means you add more stress to the livestock than adding it only during the light period. There's no good reason to do this, timers are 5$.
Adding CO2 only when the plants are growing (during the light cycle) means the plants will add more O2, so you have more buffer/wiggle room with CO2.
Drop checkers are not the best method to measure, gauge CO2.
I have several tanks and the CO2 ppm is all over the place.
I made CO2 reference solutions to check as well as KH reference solutions.
I also measured O2 and changed all my filters over that produced 1-2 ppm higher O2. Cooler temps also make it easier to keep O2 higher and slows plant growth. Which makes adding CO2 even easier.
Even my 180 which is about 83-84F, has 70 ppm of CO2 after 1-2 hours.
Amano shrimp likely help, SAE's definitely help.
When starting a new tank, I do more water changes and care till things grow in. for some client's, I'm only able to do this once a week. So they might get a little algae in the start up phase. But I knock it back and then a couple of weeks later, things are fine. If the tank is at home, then I can take better care of things in the new tank start up.
I think given your goal, you should stick with it.
If the CO2 algae thing is a real monkey on your back, it'll be waiting for you to master it. A lot of folks have to beat this thing. Even if your goal is different
Just the way some of us are.
Client tanks are very instructional for myself, they illustrate what goes wrong even with good care when the CO2 tank runs out mid week. How plants and algae respond. Corrective measures to fix things thereafter.
I think you'd be best off adding CO2 to the low light tank given your goal. You would end up with maybe 3-4x the growth rate and be able to keep most all plant species together.
I keep thinking about doing that (starting up the CO2), but there is no algae and the plants are beautiful so the only effect would be that the plants might grow faster. I don't need any extra maintenance so I am just leaving it as is and trying to sell the CO2 system.
Actually, I'm sort of leaning the other way lately. I am going for low maintenance, low tech, low light and seeing how easy this can be! My technique is to use easy plants, hardy fish, and lots of diversity (snails, shrimp, frog, loaches, etc). For the last few months I've done maintenance exactly 1 time per month (huge w/c/) and the tank is ship shape!!
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The Independent Community Bankers of America (ICBA)1 appreciates the opportunity to comment on the proposal by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Board) to allow the continued inclusion of outstanding and prospective issuances of trust preferred securities in the tier 1 capital of bank holding companies, subject to stricter quantitative limits and standards.
The Board's current risk-based and leverage capital guidelines for bank holding companies (BHCs) allow BHCs to include in their tier 1 capital the following items: (1) common stockholders' equity; (2) qualifying noncumulative perpetual preferred stock (including related surplus); (3) qualifying cumulative perpetual preferred stock (including related surplus); and (4) minority interests in the equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries. Qualifying cumulative preferred stock is limited to 25% of these core capital elements.
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Proposed Rule
Transition Period Ending March 31, 2007. The Board is now proposing that BHCs be permitted to continue to count the aggregate amount of qualifying trust preferred securities and qualifying cumulative perpetual preferred stock as tier 1 capital through March 31, 2007 subject to current restrictions (e.g., no more than 25% of core capital elements). During the transition period, BHCs with "restricted core capital elements" in excess of the proposed limits must consult with the Federal Reserve on a plan for ensuring that the bank is not unduly relying upon these elements in its capital base and, where appropriate, for reducing such reliance.
After March 31, 2007. After the transition period, the aggregate amount of trust preferred securities and other "restricted core capital elements" could not exceed 25% of the amount of all "core capital elements", net of goodwill. "Restricted core capital elements" would include trust preferred securities, cumulative perpetual preferred stock, and Class B and Class C minority interests, which are new categories of minority interests set forth in the proposal.2 By netting goodwill from the calculation of the 25% limit, the Board is tightening the current 25% limit, which currently is determined on a basis that does not deduct goodwill. Excess amounts of trust preferred securities would be treated as tier 2 capital, subject to certain limitations.3
Phase-out Prior to Maturity. Under the proposal, beginning with the period commencing five years prior to maturity (generally, 25 years after issuance), the entire amount of trust preferred securities must be removed as an element of tier 1 capital, and may be included in tier 2 capital, subject to a further phase-out period.
Criteria for Qualifying Trust Preferred Securities: The Board's proposal specifies the criteria trust preferred securities must meet to be eligible for inclusions in tier 1 capital. Under these criteria, which the Board has broadly used since 1996, a BHC must consult with the Federal Reserve prior to issuing trust preferred securities. Such consultation would normally be undertaken with the BHC's District Reserve Bank. Qualifying trust preferred securities must be undated and provide for a minimum of twenty consecutive quarters of dividend deferral, as well as a call at the BHC's option commencing no later than ten years from issuance. The sole asset of the trust must be a subordinated note issued by the BHC, which must have a minimum maturity of thirty years and must be subordinated to all other subordinated debt of the BHC. The terms of the subordinated note must conform to the requirements of the Board's subordinated debt policy statement, although the note may become due and payable upon default following the deferral of dividends for more than 20 consecutive quarters. With regard to trust preferred securities issued by a BHC to a pool, the proposal sets forth the longstanding Board policy that the BHC may not purchase securities issued by that same pool.
ICBA Supports the Board's Proposal
ICBA applauds the Board's proposal to retain trust preferred securities in the tier 1 capital of bank holding companies. ICBA represents approximately 5,000 community banks throughout the United States. Many of these community banks are owned by bank holding companies that have a limited ability to access the capital markets. For these community holding companies, the issuance of trust preferred securities has been an attractive method for raising capital, particularly since the introduction of pooled offerings. As the Board noted in its proposal, poolings of trust preferred securities have permitted small bank holding companies for the first time to access the capital markets for tier 1 capital, which larger bank holding companies have long enjoyed. In addition to affording great liquidity and diversification of risk for the investors, the pool approach reduces each holding company's transaction costs as well as the minimum amount of trust preferred securities that each holding company must issue. Since 1996 when the Federal Reserve relaxed its capital requirements, approximately 820 BHCs both large and small have issued over $77 billion of trust preferred securities, many of which have been through pool arrangements.
A regulatory change in the treatment of trust preferred securities would have had an immediate impact on community banks' ability to expand their capital and, in turn, would have affected their ability to lend. Community banks play not only a strong role in consumer financing in this country but also an important role in small business financing. Commercial banks are the leading suppliers of credit to small business, and community banks account for a disproportionate share of total bank lending to small business.4 At a time when many smaller community banks are just beginning to have access to the market, a change in the treatment of trust preferred securities would have had a direct and immediate impact on small business lending.
Furthermore, while large banks that have issued trust preferred securities might have been able to adjust to a change in the treatment of trust preferred securities by issuing other kinds of preferred or common stock, community bank holding companies would not had the same options. In many cases, their only access to the market is through the issuance of trust preferred securities. For those community holding companies that already include trust preferred securities as part of tier one capital, their only option would have been to reduce their capital and curtail their expansion and lending activities.
Finally, as the Board noted, the overall supervisory experience with trust preferred securities has been very positive. Trust preferred securities have proven to be a useful source of capital funding for BHCs, which typically downstream the proceeds in the form of common stock to subsidiary banks, thereby strengthening the banks' capital bases. Trust preferred securities are always available to absorb losses throughout the BHC and do not affect the BHC's liquidity position. When BHCs have been in deteriorating financial conditions, they have merely deferred dividends on their trust preferred securities to preserve their cash flow.
ICBA Supports the Proposed Definitions of Qualifying Capital and Restrictions on Minority Interests of Consolidated Subsidiaries
ICBA agrees with the Board that the proposed definitions of "core capital elements" and "restricted core capital elements" are reasonable and appropriate. A BHC's minority interest in a consolidated U.S. depository institution should take priority over the minority interest in a typical operating subsidiary since the latter does not stave off technical insolvency or provide capital support for the broader consolidated organization. Therefore, it makes sense to include trust preferred securities with Class B minority interests (cumulative perpetual preferred stock issued by a depository institution) and Class C minority interests (minority interests in an operating subsidiary) as part of proposed definition of "restricted core capital elements" and to propose a limit of 25% of core capital elements (net of goodwill) for these categories of minority interests.
However, we are concerned that the deduction of goodwill from the calculation of the 25% limit will adversely impact those BHCs that have been active acquirers of banks and branches and that have accumulated significant amounts of goodwill. Not only is the term of most trust preferred securities thirty years, but the capital plans that are generally submitted to regulatory authorities in connection with a proposed acquisition often extend for twelve years or more. To require banking organizations that have made commitments under previous guidelines to adhere to more stringent rules in a less than three-year transitional period seems overly harsh. As noted below, we recommend a five-year transition period rather than a three-year transition period to allow those BHCs that have been active acquirers of banks and branches a chance to comply with the new calculation.
ICBA Recommends Several Changes to the Proposal
Although ICBA generally supports the Board's proposal to retain trust preferred securities as tier 1 capital, we recommend the following changes:
Transition Period. First, we recommend a five-year transition period for BHCs, or until March 31, 2009, to meet the new, stricter limitations rather than a three-year transition period that would end on March 31, 2007 for those BHCs that have been active acquirers of banks and branches. As noted above, this would allow those BHCs that have made acquisitions and have accumulated significant amounts of goodwill some extra time to comply with the new standards.
Phase Out Prior to Maturity. Second, we would suggest that during the last five years before the underlying subordinated note matures, that the associated trust preferred securities be gradually phased out (20% per year) as tier 1 capital and included in tier 2 capital. The Board's proposal requires that outstanding amount of trust preferred securities must be excluded from tier 1 capital and included in tier 2 capital starting at the beginning of the five year period. Our suggestion would allow a community bank to replace the tier 1 capital over a five-year period rather than having to replace it during the first year of the change.
Treatment of Trust Preferred Securities Issued by Small BHCs. Third, ICBA recommends further analysis before changing the treatment of trust preferred securities issued by small BHCs.
The Board is considering clarifying either by rulemaking or through supervisory guidance the treatment of qualifying trust preferred securities issued by small BHCs (that is, BHCs with consolidated assets of $150 million or less) under the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement, which generally exempts small BHCs from the Board's risk-based capital and leverage capital guidelines.5 One approach being considered by the Board is to generally treat the subordinated debt associated with trust preferred securities issued by small BHCs as debt for most purposes under the Small BHC Policy Statement, except that an amount of subordinated debt up to 25% of a small BHC's GAAP total stockholders' equity, net of goodwill, would be considered as neither debt nor equity under the Small BHC Policy Statement.
ICBA is concerned that small BHCs with significant amounts of debt or goodwill could be adversely impacted if the Board were to suddenly change its policy and require that subordinated debt associated with trust preferred securities be included as debt for purposes of the Small BHC Policy Statement. This would be particularly true of small BHCs that have accumulated substantial debt as part of an acquisition program or change in control, or at the time their holding company was formed — the very banks to which the Small BHC Policy Statement applies.
ICBA recommends that before considering any change to the treatment of trust preferred securities issued by small BHCs, the Board first analyze the impact on small BHCs of any such change and seek additional comment, through a rulemaking procedure, on specific approaches. At a minimum, ICBA would recommend that existing issuances of trust preferred securities by BHCs subject to the Small BHC Policy Statement be grandfathered and/or that any change be gradually implemented over a transition period of at least five years.
Consistent with ICBA's past position, we urge the Board to increase the size limit for BHCs that wish to qualify as small BHCs and be subject to the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement.6 The current $150 million limit has not been changed since 1972. We recommend increasing it to at least $500 million to enhance the ability of community banks to remain independent. Increasing the exemption to $500 million would improve the ability of community banks to sell their stock locally, keeping the financial decisions affecting the community in the local area.
ICBA commends the Board for proposing the retention of trust preferred securities as tier 1 capital. For community bank holding companies, the issuance of trust preferred securities have become an important vehicle for raising capital. As the Board has observed, no alternative tier 1 structure to trust preferred securities has emerged that can be similarly pooled and issued to the capital markets by community bank holding companies. An immediate change in the Board's policy would have adversely impacted community banks and their ability to lend. A change in accounting treatment for trust preferred securities does not change the underlying equity features that make them available to absorb losses and, therefore, appropriate to include as a limited element of regulatory capital.
Although ICBA supports the proposal, we recommend further changes to the proposal including a longer transition period for banks that have accumulated goodwill and a phase out for including trust preferred securities as tier 1 capital during the five year period prior to the maturity of the subordinated note. We would also increase the size limit for BHCs that wish to qualify as small BHCs under the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement, and urge the Board to seek further comment on any specific approaches to clarifying treatment of trust preferred securities issued by small BHCs.
If you have questions or need any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact me at 202-659-8111 or at email@example.com.
Christopher Cole
1 The Independent Community Bankers of America represents the largest constituency of community banks of all sizes and charter types in the nation, and is dedicated exclusively to protecting the interests of the community banking industry. ICBA aggregates the power of its members to provide a voice for community banking interests in Washington, resources to enhance community bank education and marketability, and profitability options to help community banks compete in an ever-changing marketplace. For more information, visit ICBA's website at www.icba.org.
2 Under the proposal, minority interest related to qualifying cumulative perpetual preferred stock directly issued by a consolidated U.S. depository institution or a foreign bank subsidiary would be a Class B minority interest subject to limitation within tier 1 capital, but not subject to a tier 2 sublimit. Minority interest in the form of qualifying common stockholders' equity or qualifying perpetual preferred stock (and related surplus) in a consolidated subsidiary that is neither a U.S. depository institution nor a foreign bank would be a Class C minority interest. A Class C minority interest would be subject to a tier 2 sublimit. A Class A minority interest is qualifying common or noncumulative perpetual preferred stock directly issued by a consolidated U.S. depository institution or foreign bank subsidiary.
3 The Board is proposing that amounts of qualifying trust preferred securities and Class C minority interest in excess of the 25% limit be included in tier 2 capital but be limited, together with subordinated debt and limited-life preferred stock, to 50% of tier 1 capital.
4 Community banks account for 33 percent of small business loans, more than twice their share (15%) of banking assets.
5 The Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement is at 12 CFR Part 225 Appendix C
6 ICBA (then the Independent Bankers Association of America) petitioned the Board in 1989 to increase the limit to $500 million and later in 1996, urged the Board to increase the limit when the Board considered revisions to Regulation Y.


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Wastes—Educational Materials
Don't Just Teach the ABCs—Teach the RRRs!
Environmental Curriculum Resources for the Classroom
These resources can help you teach your students to reduce, reuse, and recycle the waste we generate in our schools, homes, and communities. From basic classroom activities to starting a school electronics recycling program, these materials will help you and your students learn what we can do to reduce and better manage waste. Many resources are provided in both English and Spanish.
Get the Facts on Waste
Here, you'll find information about the amount and types of wastes produced by households, businesses, and industrial and manufacturing processes. Get tips on how to reduce the amount of waste generated in your school, home, and community.
Composting & Recycling
Access links to general information about recycling and composting, as well as the steps to setting up a recycling program in your school.
Curriculum & Activities
Find ideas for projects and games that educate your students on waste reduction. Plus, access clip art, mapping tools, and other educational materials.
Student Awards & Grants
Get information on awards, grants, and scholarships available to your students through government agencies and private organizations.
Tools to Reduce Waste in Schools
This helpful guide provides schools, school districts, and school officials with information on reducing, reusing, and recycling waste.
Teach English, Teach about the Environment (PDF) (133 pages, 1.6MB)
Use this curriculum to help you teach English to adult students while introducing basic environmental concepts and individual environmental responsibility. These concepts encourage cleaner, healthier communities by teaching the importance of practicing the "3Rs" of solid waste management—reduce, reuse, recycle.
Climate Change—What You Can Do at School
Students, educators, and school administrators can all play a key role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This site provides a directory of education and action planning resources to help you get started.
Safe Chemical Management in Schools
The EPA's Toolkit for Safe Chemical Management in K-12 schools helps educate teachers and students on environmental issues in schools that pose health risks, and provided resources to help prevent and resolve these issues.
Eco-Schools USA
Learn the benefits of joining Eco-Schools, an internationally acclaimed program that provides a framework to help educators integrate sustainable principles throughout their schools and curriculum.
Drag the recyclables off the conveyor belt and put them in the correct bins.
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- Use products made with recycled materials
- Use energy-efficient light bulbs and rechargeable batteries
- Shop with cloth bags
- Reuse plastic bags, cups, containers, etc.
- Repair items instead of throwing them away.
- Compost your food and yard waste.


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Nature's Answer is a family owned and operated company that offers a wide variety of fine liquid herbal extracts. By both manufacturing and packaging all their holistic remedies themselves, they guarantee quality in each supplement. Using innovative scientific techniques and phytopharmaceutical manufacturing, they can be trusted to provide naturally derived products for the entire family. They even have their own herbarium, and strive to always use wildcrafted or organically grown herbs. Though they're most known for their liquid herbal supplements, they also offer powders and capsules. Nature's Answer is a company dedicated to total health with satisfaction guaranteed for each product.
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Notice: The products and information found on www.swansonvitamins.com are not intended to replace professional medical advice or treatment. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Our dietary supplements are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease or medical condition. Individual results may vary. SwansonVitamins.com urges you to seek the advice of a qualified professional for any health concern lasting more than two weeks, and to share with your provider any information pertaining to your health and well-being, including the use of supplemental nutrition. Read complete terms of service.
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Tell me what you think is The Best playlist editor, please!
At the same time I would very much like you to tell, if your favourite playlist editor is any 'CLEVER' !
My music collection is some 40.000 files, and whenever I wanted to create a playlist, I ran into the same kind of problems: some editors don't support drag&drop from Explorer, or don't remember what files I have, so they need to load and read the content of 40.000 files each time I open the program (what an extreme waste of time!), or they are only able to list the files in the same order the files were added (stupid stupid stupid!), or they won't tell the duration of my playlist (= important feature!), or some other mis-features I cannot remember right now.
But this thread should not be about my need (only), but about the general question:
What's the Best PlayList Editor out there? , and why?


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People & Business :: People/Executives
Ferro CEO James Kirsch resigns
1:01 PM MST | November 14, 2012 | Rebecca Coons
Ferro announced today that James Kirsch has stepped down as president and CEO and resigned from his position as the chairman of company's board of directors. The transition follows several quarters of sharply lower financial results. Peter Thomas, v.p. of Ferro's polymer and ceramic engineered materials unit, has been named interim president and CEO. "Peter has more than 30 years of experience in the chemicals and materials manufacturing industries and has a track record at Ferro of enhancing value through cost reductions and improved leverage on existing...
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The fastest courts in the world are no longer fast enough! HEAD introduces the new HEAD Sprint Pro – a seamless shoe construction that combines speed and lightweight with stability and durability.
Designed with Pro players for top players - the new HEAD Sprint Pro with its sleek and fast silhouette offers the best HEAD footwear technologies such as HEAD TRINERGY. It absorbs heel impacts, provides torsional stiffness and supports forward motions to maximize energy for the next step.
The new Sprint Pro is a perfect combination of lightweight which allows for fast movements and long matches, and stability which is essential for aggressive actions on court. The perforated and lightweight EVA core layer provides a glove-like fit and all the stability a Pro's foot needs. The one-piece seamless upper construction together with a molded rubber toe cap ensures a remarkable durability even throughout aggressive slides.
The new low to the ground outsole construction guarantees close court feeling and agility for more control on every court. Its durability is ensured by HEAD's new Hybrasion+ rubber compound that is applied on both available outsoles: the herringbone profile for clay court and the multidirectional profile for hard court and all other surfaces.
Part of HEAD's new Speed segment, the HEAD Sprint Pro has been tested and developed in close cooperation with some of the world's top players such as Richard Gasquet and Tomas Berdych.
Available at retail stores from January 2014, the HEAD Sprint Pro is made for all surfaces and comes in two colorways for men, women and juniors, respectively.
HEAD divides its footwear range into the following segments:
Speed – lightweight models such as the HEAD Sprint Pro for dynamic players
Stability – durable and stable shoes in a classic design like the HEAD Prestige III
Comfort – shoes with a wider fit for more comfort such as the HEAD Cruze
For more information please visit:


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You may have heard a lot of talk about Idaho recently, and it's no small potatoes. Idaho's governor, C.L. "Butch" Otter, recently signed into law a controversial anti-whistleblower "ag-gag" bill that punishes those who expose abusive conditions on factory farms. Though Governor Otter claims this law will keep agriculture producers "secure in their property," we, and countless others concerned about the welfare of animals, are extremely concerned about the greater implications of ag-gag.
In passing this bill, Idaho became the seventh state to enact an ag-gag law. By effectively closing out journalists, investigators, and even the general public from animal production facilities, the agribusiness industry can continue to keep consumers in the dark about where their food is coming from.
We have seen countless instances of abuse on industrial farms, including the recent case of a Wisconsin dairy farm that produces cheese for the frozen pizza brand DiGiorno. Undercover footage taken by Mercy For Animals caught workers at this farm viciously kicking, stabbing, beating, and dragging cows, and the footage led to 11 charges of criminal animal cruelty. Without such footage, we may never have known of these horrors, and because of ag-gag laws, we may never learn of countless other, similar instances.
Sadly, these bills are popping up everywhere, and we're up against a mighty opponent. We, and the animals, need your help to make sure that no more of these bills, or any others that imperil the lives of animals, pass into law.
For the animals, for the safety of our nation's food supply, and for the health of you and your family, please stand with us today.


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Such is the rate of development in F1 that Adrian Sutil believes this year's cars will speed up by four second a lap before the end of the season...
Such is the rate of development in F1 that Adrian Sutil believes this year's cars will speed up by four second a lap before the end of the season.
This year's Championship has seen the biggest technical shift in Formula One in more than a decade with the sport switching to 1.6-litre turbocharged V6 engines with ERS.
The teams had their first taste of the new machinery this past week at Jerez where they spent - or at least tried to - four days putting in the laps.
The week's fastest time belonged to McLaren rookie Kevin Magnussen with a 1:23.276.
And although that was down on last year's best lap time, Sutil believes it's only a matter of time before the teams begin to pick up the pace.
"It [the new car] is not boring to drive," the Sauber driver told ESPNF1. "You have got to do a lot of work to keep it on the circuit. It is just very low grip and the car is always moving around.
"But it is just a question of time. We have seen over many years with new regulations once it gets going the teams pick up seconds every month or every two months and the cars improve.
"So, I expect a gain of at least four seconds by the end of the season. There will be a huge step and then hopefully F1 will be fast enough again."
The German also weighed in on the effect the new regulations have on the tyres.
Sutil, who blamed cold tyres for his crash on Thursday and then followed that up with a spin on Friday, says it is harder to get heat into the rear Pirellis.
"Yes, in cold races for sure - it will be a big problem. We have lost the blowing effect and now we really see how much we relied on that. It had a big effect and now it is gone. Also we now have a single wing in the rear. There is so much load missing. The traction has gone down by a big, big step.
"The car is quite tricky on power and the lack of grip and the lack of traction is huge compared to last year. It caught me again [on Friday] on an installation lap in second or third gear [before he spun]."


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The Nespresso Gran Maestria 520 Espresso Machine with Aeroccino Plus Milk Frother turns any kitchen into an Italian Sidewalk Coffee Café. This isn't just a package of 2 distinct machines, it is an integration of them through a special base that includes a unique hot water cup heater which injects a jet of hot water into your inverted espresso cup! Neat! The base also integrates the waste water from the cup heater into the drip tray, and the controls for the Aeroccino are...
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Featured Products
Our most recent collections
Childrens boy's tee's, most wanted clothing
Kids Designer Clothes Online Boutique
Most Wanted Clothing is an established clothing store and specialist kids online boutique making uniquely appealing 'bling-effect' embellished t shirts since 2012. We are recognised for our array of trendy, contemporary fashions that will accentuate and express your individual style. Our products look and feel exclusive.
After releasing our embellished t shirt collections to select boutiques in LA, the brand got a response that was so fantastic that our high quality and trendy designer kids clothes have been introduced to larger markets around the world and stocked in several well-known upmarket stores.
Our online kids boutique was widely recognised as a cutting edge brand and is now stocked in prestigious stores like Harvey Nichols, Selfridges, Kitson and Saks Fifth Avenue in New York.
At Most Wanted Clothing, our designers constantly produce innovative, quality collections of contemporary, modern adult and kids designer clothes and accessories all with a fresh and creative mind. Our signature crystal-effect embellished t shirts are designed and added to our site every season, so you can always expect fresh, up to date designs that will allow your little one to express and dive into the world of fashion as they grow.
We will continue to move forward and develop our collection of desirable t shirts and clothing. Most Wanted's kids collection of speciality embellished designer clothes are popular with actors and actresses, footballers and music artists. Dress to impress and you can't go wrong with our designs.
For kids designer clothes in a wealth of sizes, embellished prints and colours, you are bound to find the perfect item of clothing and more from our kids online boutique.


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Pet Therapy for Hospice Patients
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Bring the healing, unconditional love of therapy dogs to those who need it most.
Here's a program guaranteed to touch your heart. Home for Life®, in Star Prairie, Wisconsin, is a very special shelter: a shelter for rescued special-needs animals who have been given a second chance at life.
Now some of those rescued animals who found hope at Home for Life are giving back. Certified for pet therapy, rescued dogs are touching the lives of lonely, fragile, and sometimes forgotten members of society -- cancer patients, the mentally ill, injured soldiers, and residents of nursing homes and hospices.
The Sit*Stay*Heal program provides healing pet therapy to hospital patients and to the terminally ill. This collaborative program began with the Fairview University Hospitals to bring solace and joy to children who are undergoing treatment for cancer. The program has now expanded to serve:
- Adult critical care patients at Fairview University Hospital's cardiac and oncology floors
- Adult and pediatric (ages 4-12) patients at Fairview University Hospital receiving treatment for mental health conditions
- Hospice programs of Aseracare, providing hospice services to the terminally ill
- Soldiers returning from the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts who have suffered multiple, severe injuries and are receiving treatment and rehabilitation at the VA Hospital Polytrauma Unit in Minneapolis. This unit is one of just four such facilities in the entire country caring for severely injured veterans
The program creates and nurtures a special patient-pet bond that can help comfort and heal. Volunteers and certified therapy dogs commit to relationships with specific patients. Together, they consistently visit the same hospital or hospice patient every week. They do this knowing, in some cases, that their patient is dying.
Home for Life® dogs currently participating in the programs have struggled through their own problems and special needs to become shining stars when visiting their friends. Though sometimes boisterous at the sanctuary, they are gentle and sweet when they are with patients -- perhaps recognizing a kinship that crosses the lines of language and species.
You can help. Your donation through this Gift That Gives More™ helps fund a pet therapy visit for a hospital or hospice patient, through Home for Life®'s Sit*Stay*Heal program.
Home For Life® is a sanctuary that provides lifetime care for cats and dogs with special needs who cannot otherwise find homes, but who can still lead quality lives. These animals, including retired service dogs such as seeing eye dogs and K9s, come from across the U.S., from Canada, South Korea, Taiwan, and from many U.S. shelters that cannot find homes for them. In addition, Home for Life® trains many of its animals to give back as certified pet therapists through Pet Peace Corps, which serves hospital and hospice patients, families healing from domestic abuse, and at-risk youth.
Free Standard Shipping in the U.S. on your entire cart when you donate $15.00 or more in our Gift That Gives More™ program. See Current Promotions for details.
Why a Gift That Gives More™ is a smart, effective donation.
100% of your donation will go to the program described above as a grant through GreaterGood.org. GreaterGood stores do not receive any profit from donations through this Gift That Gives More™; we bring it to you in the spirit of the greater good. We even pay the credit card transaction fee, so every cent of your donation goes to charity.
Please note: A free downloadable certificate is available to print for easy gift giving for any non-disaster related Gift That Gives More™. The "gift message" field during check-out does not apply to your Gift That Gives More™ certificate.
Your donation is 100% tax-deductible in the U.S.A.
You will receive a receipt from GreaterGood.org for your taxes. GreaterGood.org has ultimate authority and discretion with regard to the distribution of its funds. All expenditures made are consistent with the exempt purposes of GreaterGood.org.
Check with your employer: your company may match your donation.
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Judge OKs lockout during FBI testimony
A federal judge in Oregon agreed Wednesday to lock the public and press out of the courtroom when two undercover FBI operatives testify in the upcoming trial of a man charged with attempting to bomb a Christmas Tree lighting ceremony in Portland in 2010, the Oregonian newspaper reported.
On Wednesday, U.S. District Court Judge Garr King granted the prosecution motion to close the court during that testimony and provide a video feed that reporters and the members of the public interested in Mohamed Mohamud's trial will be permitted to view and hear from another courtroom. The undercover FBI operatives will also be permitted to wear "light disguise" and use pseudonyms when they testify, the newspaper said.
Prosecutors argued that requiring the FBI personnel to testify openly could place them in danger and imperil ongoing law enforcement operations.
Defense lawyers said the unusual accomodations would "undermine the presumption of innocence." The disagreement was highlighted here last month.
The Oregonian reported that King said he was willing to give jurors an instruction that they should not take any of the measures into account when reaching their verdicts. Mohamud's trial is set to open next month.
Read more about: Transparency, Terrorism, First Amendment, FBI, Federal Courts, Al Qaeda, Criminal Trials, Sixth Amendment, Oregon, Undercover Operations, Court Secrecy


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The Amish: American ExperienceWednesday | 8 p.m.
THE AMISH answers many questions Americans have about this insistently insular religious community, whose intense faith and adherence to 300-year-old traditions have by turns captivated and repelled, awed and irritated, inspired and confused for more than a century. With unprecedented access, built on patience and hard-won trust, the film is the first to penetrate deeply and explore this attention-averse group. In doing so, THE AMISH paints an intimate portrait of contemporary Amish faith and life.
It questions why and how the Amish, an insistently closed and communal culture, have thrived within one of the most open, individualistic societies on earth; explores how, despite their ingrained submissiveness, the Amish have successfully asserted themselves in resisting the encroachments of modern society and government; asks what Americans' attraction to the Amish says about deep American values; and looks at what the future holds for a community whose existence is so rooted in the past.
Brain Makerwith David Perlmutter, MD | Friday, 7 p.m.
Debilitating brain disorders are on the rise – from children diagnosed with autism and ADHD to adults developing dementia at younger ages than ever before. But a medical revolution is underway that can solve this problem: Astonishing new research is revealing that the health of your brain is, to an extraordinary degree, dictated by the state of your microbiome – the vast population of organisms that live in your body and out -number your own cells ten to one. What's taking place in your intestines today is determining your risk for any number of brain-related conditions.
Fresh off his huge public television pledge blockbuster, BrainChange, first released in December 2013, Dr. Perlmutter explains in Brain Maker the potent interplay between intestinal microbes and the brain, describing how the microbiome develops from birth and evolves based on lifestyle choices, how it can become "sick," and how nurturing gut health through a few easy strategies can alter your brain's destiny for the better. With simple dietary recommendations and a highly practical program of five steps to improving gut ecology, Brain Maker opens the door to unprecedented brain health potential.
Is WEIU important to you? Become a member today! Also, send us a message and let us know what WEIU means to you!
The Forsyte SagaEpisode 11 | Saturday, 8 p.m.
Jon and Fleur meet at Robin Hill and Fleur relates their parents' history. Jolyon is still very ill and Annette is still having an affair. Fleur realizes she may have to break with Jon; her father presses her to marry Michael Mont.
Above and BeyondThursday | 9 p.m.
ABOVE AND BEYOND highlights one of the most compelling escape and survival stories from World War II — that of former Rhode Island Governor Bruce Sundlun (1920-2011). Sundlun, a U.S. Army Air Corps pilot, flew a B-17 bomber nicknamed the "Damn Yankee" on a dozen combat missions during World War II. On December 1, 1943, while on his 13th mission, the bomber drew heavy fire from German fighter planes and crashed in a field in the Nazi-occupied Belgian town of Jabbeke. By nightfall, Sundlun (a Jewish-American) remained the only member of his 10-man crew not killed or captured by the Germans.
With help from a vast underground network, Bruce fled to occupied France, where he joined the Resistance (under the code name "Salamander") and assisted them in their fight against the Nazis. Eventually smuggled into neutral Switzerland, Sundlun would spy for the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS), the precursor to the CIA, tasked with communicating with French Resistance and German officers looking to surrender. ABOVE AND BEYOND unfolds as Sundun's daughter Kara retraces his wartime journey. In Jabbeke, Kara meets author and local historian Luc Packo, as well as witnesses to her father's plane crash, who still celebrate Sundlun's contribution to their country's liberation.
Celebrating 30 Years!July 1, 2015, through July 1, 2016
WEIU is celebrating its 30th anniversary on air for radio and television broadcast!
WEIU broadcast radio 88.9 was introduced on July 1, 1985 and WEIU-TV began broadcast operations on UHF 51 on July 1, 1986, as a non-commercial, educational television station licensed to the Board of Trustees of Eastern Illinois University in Charleston, Illinois. "Ladies and gentlemen, welcome live, to the campus of Eastern Illinois University." With that introduction, Daniel Thornburgh, then the director of University Relations, christened WEIU-TV during its live on-air dedication on July 1, 1986.
Join us in celebrating 30 remarkable years of serving the University and our surrounding communities! Thank you for supporting WEIU as your public broadcasting station!
Antiques RoadshowVintage Tampa | Sunday, 6 p.m.
Appraisals from a 1999 visit to Tampa are updated. Included: a fork from the Hindenburg; a costume jewelry hat from around 1950; and a Louis Comfort Tiffany lamp with a "Rose Helmut" shade.Vintage Columbus | Sunday, 7 p.m.
Items discovered during a 1999 visit to Columbus, Ohio, are reappraised. Included: Albert Cheuret art deco clocks; a Marx "Roy Rogers" play set; and a historical collection that includes a letter from Thomas Jefferson.
Nazi Mega WeaponsThe Siegfried Line | Thursday, 8 p.m.
Five times the length of Hadrian's Wall, Hitler's Siegfried Line was one of the greatest fortifications in the history of warfare. The campaign to breach it took six months and cost the American forces close to 140,000 casualties. This is the story of the men who built it and those who gave their lives fighting to defend — and destroy — it.
The Mind of a ChefLocality | Wednesday, 7:30 p.m.
Chef Nilsson depends on his network of local purveyors to keep the restaurant supplied. Because everything is sourced in a 100-mile radius, the seasons play a big part in availability. As a result, the needs and supply constantly shift between restaurant and purveyor, but the close relationship ensures that diners are never left hungry. This episode examines the connection to locality that Chef Nilsson views as a staple of his cooking philosophy.
PoldarkPart 6 | Monday, 8 p.m.
The local copper barons face competition from a mysterious smelting company; and Poldark confronts the cardsharp who swindled Francis.
Jon Roemer - Dakota, IL
"I actually came to Eastern looking for a degree in broadcasting or journalism of some sort. When I came through (Hit-Mix 88.9) on a student tour, they said you can get experience on-air. That's pretty cool."
WEIU membership is important to Jon, and you can also be a proud member! Also, send us a message and let us know what WEIU means to you!
Bill Boaz - Charleston, IL
"I try to seek out something that I would support ... it wouldn't be a problem for me to sit and watch the Gaithers for an hour or two or even three!"
WEIU membership is important to Bill, and you can also be a proud member! Also, send us a message and let us know what WEIU means to you!
Andrea McKenna - Program Manager
When Did You Start at WEIU? June 2012
Favorite Show on WEIU-TV: Masterpiece Classic, such as Downton Abbey, Birdsong and Mr. Selfridge and Masterpiece Mystery such as Sherlock, Inspector Lewis and Wallender. The best of British television drama comes right to your TV without commercial interruption! What's not to like?
What have you learned while working at WEIU? Coming from a very different market in Texas, I've had to quickly learn about the community that WEIU serves, and I've become very fond of it. As I've gotten to know the staff at WEIU, I've learned how dedicated they are to bringing the kind of quality television that has relevance to the community, but still entertains and stimulates viewers — no easy feat in the age of 200 channels.
Why should someone become a member of WEIU? The question should be "Why wouldn't someone become a member of WEIU?" If you've ever enjoyed the wide range of programming WEIU provides; if your children or grandchildren have ever learned about letters or numbers or even social skills from the 11.5 hours of stimulating, non-violent and educational kids' programming WEIU provides each day; if you've been able to experience an opera or a Shakespearean play or a rock concert or a Broadway show that you wouldn't otherwise have had access to; if you've learned to knit or do woodworking or to cook by watching WEIU's programming, then why shouldn't you be a member of WEIU?
Is WEIU as important to you as it is to Andrea? Become a member today! Also, send us a message and let us know what WEIU means to you!
We love to hear from you!
If I wasn't able to watch WEIU, I don't know what I would do. I would most likely throw my television in the trash! I will continue to support good television and WEIU is GREAT TV.
-- Janet, Tuscola
Is WEIU as important to you as it is to Janet? Become a member today! Also, send us a message and let us know what WEIU means to you!
Meredith Perez - St. Mary School
Meredith Perez tells the history of St. Mary's School of Mattoon. The school has undergone name changes and buildings, but one thing has remained the same over the years; the dedication of the community, church and the students.
Meredith would love for you to tune in to Effingham: This is Our Story on Thursday, Oct. 2, at 7 p.m. We hope you'll join us!
Penny Weaver & Bill Lair - Mattoon Journal-Gazette
Learn more about the history of the Mattoon Journal Gazette as told by Penny Weaver and Bill Lair.
Penny Weaver & Bill Lair would love for you to tune in to Effingham: This is Our Story on Thursday, Oct. 2, at 7 p.m. We hope you'll join us!


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Despite Lewis Hamilton's pessimism, Ross Brawn believes Mercedes can win races in the 2013 season...
The Mercedes team insists that there is no reason not to aim for race wins during the 2013 season, despite new driver Lewis Hamilton's pessimism about their chances.
Much has already been made of the Brit's switch from McLaren for the Three Pointed Star, especially since Mercedes failed to score points in five races of the season, but team boss Ross Brawn is confident of the team's chances in the lead-up to the Australian Grand Prix.
The team started the 2012 season well, with Nico Rosberg triumphing in China and claiming podium finishes alongside German compatriot Michael Schumacher during the first half of the season, but fell away from the leading teams as the season progressed.
Hamilton has defended his decision to leave the successful McLaren team with which he won a world championship in 2008 and acknowledged that he might go the season winless. Brawn, however, has other ideas.
"I think Lewis was just playing things down," he told Britain's Sun newspaper.
"I'm sure, in his heart, he wants to win and set pole positions, but he understands the journey we must go on.
"We're working very hard to give him and Nico the opportunity to win and take pole positions. That's our ambition and our objective. It's obviously critical we improve from where we are. We're going to try, even if we don't hit all our objectives, [and] I'd like to think we can do a few of those things next year."
Hamilton expects his relationship with his former karting team-mate Rosberg to be much like what he enjoyed with Jenson Button at McLaren, cordial but not close.
"Nico and I have flown together to races, so we talk about a lot of things," the Briton revealed.
"I ask him questions about how his car is behaving and he will tell me where the weak points are. At some stage, we will sit down and discuss it further."
Nevertheless, Brawn is looking forward to working with Hamilton, saying that he is "very excited about the prospect of working with Lewis."
"The team are very excited that we're still able to have a driver of that calibre. As we get a stronger car, obviously the drivers will become even more critical for us. It's going to be very interesting for all of us. I'm sure he'll be different to Michael...."


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City Studies: Houston, We Have a Problem
Houston, We Have a Problem
|View all of IJ's City Studies on Entrepreneurship
Houston is one of America's great cities. With a population of more than 2.1 million, it is the fourth-largest city in the nation. Houston is also a gateway for immigrants from around the world, with 28 percent of the city's population born outside of the United States.
|"If entrepreneurship in Houston is to continue its phenomenal success story, the government will have to once again step out of the way of the city's entrepreneurs."
Houston has a proud tradition of fostering entrepreneurship. Indeed, when you compare the city's record to the abysmal standard being set by other cities around the nation, Houston does a respectable job of protecting entrepreneurship and economic liberty. The city has enacted few of the most ruinous ordinances that undermine entrepreneurs in other municipalities. For example, Houston does not have a zoning ordinance and has no general business license. The city does not regulate landscapers, handymen, beauty services or moving companies. It does not regulate home-based businesses any differently than other businesses. The city's private transportation regulations are not perfect (taxicab licenses are artificially limited), but they are much less burdensome than regulations in other cities (new licenses are meted out, by lottery, every three to four years). Another thing Houston does right is it provides would-be entrepreneurs with a lot of easily accessible information, including business start-up classes. As a result, Houston's economy is booming. In 1960, the city had just one Fortune 500 company; in 2008, the Houston area boasted 23 (only New York City is home to more Fortune 500 headquarters). In 2006, only 22 countries had a gross domestic product greater than Houston's gross regional product. That same year, Houston ranked second in employment growth among the 10 most populous metropolitan areas in the United States and Forbes named the city the third "Best Place for Business and Careers" in the United States. The city is a national leader in the energy, technology and aeronautics industries. Houston is undoubtedly an opportunity city, but for whom? Read More...
Watch a video on this subject: Why Can't Chuck Get His Business Off the Ground?
Learn more about IJ's economic liberty case litigation.
Read IJ's previous city studies.
This book is also available on Kindle


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The service for Mark A. Haudenschild II will be at noon at The Chapel at 2505 W. Hamilton Road. A visitation will take place there from 9 a.m. to noon.
From the church, a large procession of emergency vehicles will escort Haudenschild's remains to Riverview Cemetery near Churubusco. The route of the procession has not yet been set, Gillett said.
At 8 p.m. Friday, the Indiana Volunteer Firefighter Association will hold a ceremony for Haudenschild at D.O. McComb Funeral Home, 1320 E. Dupont Road. There will be a visitation at the funeral home from 2 to 8 p.m. Friday.
On Sunday night, Haudenschild was driving a tanker truck south on Hillegas Road on his way to a brush fire in the 4300 block of Butler Road. He tried to make a right turn to go west on Butler, but the truck rolled several times, hitting utility poles. The truck came to rest on its side, just off Hillegas, about 100 yards south of the intersection.
Haudenschild, a 26-year-old husband and father of two young children, was ejected and pinned under the wreckage. He died at the scene. The crash remains under investigation.
A Fort Wayne native, Haudenschild had been with the volunteer department for five years and held the rank of assistant chief engineer.
According to his obituary, he worked as a Comcast technician for six years. He enjoyed cars, hunting, fishing, family and helping those in need, the obituary said.
His line-of-duty death was the first in the Washington Township Fire Department's 67-year history, Gillett said. The last Fort Wayne-area firefighter killed in the line of duty was Harry Stapleton with the Wayne Township Fire Department in 1975.
Since Sunday's crash, neighboring fire departments have responded to emergency calls for the Washington Township Fire Department. Gillett said that will continue until the end of the week.
A memorial fund for Haudenschild's family has been set up at Three Rivers Federal Credit Union. Donations can be made at any branch.


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Refinery 29
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Every woman knows that stashing the essentials in our wallets isn't the easiest thing to do. Why yes, we do need our debit, credit, Starbucks, and Walgreens cards every single day (and don't forget a handful of change or those business cards, expense-able receipts, and dry-cleaning notices). But, the problem with an overstuffed wallet is that you just can't find anything, and you've only got to go through that frustrating frantic-digging-in-front-of-the-subway turnstile once to know that it's not cool. That's where zip-around continental wallets come into play — and we've got our eyes on 10 picks ahead.
From an understated black patent number to a rocker-chic studded pick, these wallets are roomy enough to hold everything we'd ever need without being bulky, and the zipper closure ensures that everything stays in its place. Bonus! It's also a two-for-one deal: Stash your essentials in a snazzy style in place of a clutch on the weekend.


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Some product exclusions may apply. See product page details for more information. Clearance items are final sale. Price matching does not apply to this or any promotion. Offer is valid until September 13 at 11:59 PM PST. May not be combined with any other offer/discount (unless specified), including invitation credits, promotional gift cards and/or special discount links. Discount applied upon checkout. Log in to your account to see your savings.
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Gallery: 6 Inspiring Examples of Groundbreaking Green Technology
Green technology isn't just about wind turbines, solar panels and alternative fuel anymore. A few inspiring individuals out there are breaking new ground with innovative ideas that no one's ever explored before. From a printer that can spit out whole buildings made of stone to an entire city that flips the discomfort of the summer heat into an energy-saving advantage for the wintertime to a company that decided solar panels don't have to be ugly, heavy or even rectangular. Read on to check out some of our favorite examples of emerging technology in the field of green!
3-D Printer Creates Entire Buildings From Solid Rock
3D printers are nothing new – but how about a printer that can whip up entire life-size stone buildings?! That's exactly what designer Enrico Dini's prototype D-Shape printer does. Instead of ink, the device uses layers of sand, and Dini reports that the process is four times faster than conventional building, costs about one-third to one-half the price of Portland cement, and creates much less waste.
Transparent Solar Spray Transforms Windows Into Watts
Photovoltaic panels transform the sun's rays into energy we can use, but they're bulky and not the most attractive in terms of design. Well one Norwegian company called EnSol AS has cast aside the notion that PVs need to take up extra space — or even be in a solid state. They've developed a remarkable new spray-on solar film consisting of metal nanoparticles embedded in a transparent composite matrix that allows you to turn ordinary windows into solar panels. The best part? The spray is clear so you can still see right through your windows!
POWERleap Harnesses Energy From Foot Steps!
While other green tech companies look to outside sources like the sun and wind when they think about alternative power, POWERleap decided to completely flip the script by tapping the energy inside – of ourselves! Their piezoelectric floor tiling system that converts the energy from human foot traffic into electricity could be applied to train stations, sidewalks or even inside homes to harness the wasted energy from our footsteps into power for the grid.
'Solar Ivy' Photovoltaic Leaves Climb to New Heights
Who says photovoltaic panels have to be an eyesore? After all, if they could somehow be integrated as a decorative element on homes and buildings, more people might be willing to install them on more surface area. Well, that's exactly the approach that Brooklyn-based SMIT (Sustainably Minded Interactive Technology) took with their "Solar Ivy", a system of paper-thin, leaf-shaped solar panels that generate energy by sparkling in the sunlight. These pretty PVs consist of layers of thin-film material on top of polyethylene with a piezoelectric generator attached to each one, and are definitely miles away from the big, boxy panels we're used to seeing.
Shoe Generator Harvests Power from Walking
Walking is already one of the greenest forms of transportation but one researcher at Louisiana Tech University thought it could be made even more eco-friendly — so he designed a shoe that converts the wearer's footsteps into electricity. The piezo power shoe contains a small generator in its sole that can charge batteries or power small electronics. Bet your Nikes can't do that.
Science City Stores Warm Air from Summer to Heat Buildings in Winter
Isn't it sad that in many parts of the world people use a ton of energy cooling buildings in the summer and then use almost as much power heating up the same spaces just a few months later? It may sound crazy but what if there was a way to save the summer's hot air and use it to warm buildings throughout the winter? Well some smart thinkers at Honggerberg Campus in Switzerland are doing just that. Their campus, called Science City is installing systems that will allow it to harness natural heat during the warmer months, pump it underground and store it until the winter when it be pushed back up into buildings and act as a heating system. The system is the first of its kind.
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15 Comments
September 30, 2010 at 6:32 pm
Powerleap is nothing new- there is already company in the UK that has already produced and completed trials its technology outdoors in the UK… have a look at http://www.pavegen.com
September 25, 2010 at 12:30 pm
Why are we not using these yet?
September 24, 2010 at 11:36 am
Please visit our web site for GREEN TECHNOLOGY HOUSING
http://green-container-intl-aid.com/about_us check out my name: Jayprakash Shukla at the bottom of the page: ABOUT US and contact me for more details at Email: email@example.com
September 22, 2010 at 1:54 am
Mike Chino – 3d print a 3d printer? You already can (well almost) http://reprap.org/wiki/Main_Page
September 21, 2010 at 4:30 pm
Love the Powerleap — I would love it if my dog could run around on something like that when he\'s crazy hyper and power my apartment!
September 21, 2010 at 4:28 pm
Powerleap!? So cool. They should replace all the Dance Dance Revolution machines with powerleap and generate tons of nerdy energy!
September 21, 2010 at 4:27 pm
These are so cool. I want some super powered shoes!
September 21, 2010 at 4:19 pm
Truly inspiring – I love the spray-on solar and the shoe generators! I want shoe-generators for jogging!
September 21, 2010 at 3:40 pm
How long until I can 3d print a 3d printer?
September 21, 2010 at 3:39 pm
This is amazing; there are some very smart people among us!
September 21, 2010 at 2:45 pm
Man, I so want a 3-d printer! These are amazing!


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Stuff you'll need:
+ A web browser (Opera, Firefox or Internet Explorer)
+ A web page with a loaded flash game Here's one
Step 1: Copy SWF File From Browser Cache
I'm not sure if the IE cache path I have is right, because when I used to use it when I got my computer I changed the directory. Please correct me if it's wrong.
Your windows account is the name that shows up on your start menu and Welcome screen (when you start up your computer)
Opera: C:\Program Files\Opera\Profile\Cache4
Internet Explorer: C:\Documents and Settings\your windows account\Local Settings\Temp
Firefox: C:\Documents and Settings\your windows account\Local Settings\Application Data\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\rtr8rd4k.default\Cache (you'll have to copy and paste this, the Cache folder is not visible in Explorer)
i dont like that i cant do it because i have windows 7
Nice another way I have seen after view the source.
File tidak ditemukan