text:
- Plamen Chetelyazov
- Plovdiv
- Bulgaria
This conversation is closed.
Is Western Europe indifferent to Bulgarian agony?
Bulgaria is officially the EU`s poorest member. The salaries rarely exceed 250e. The country is one of the most corrupted in the EU according to the Transparency International Index. The census data confirmed that over the twenty-year period, emigration represented a 6% loss in the total population. High emigration levels were accompanied by low fertility rates, which contributed a further 12% loss. Moreover – the country has unenviable Press Freedom Index. Reporters without borders rank Bulgaria 87 which is a great retreat because back in 2003 Bulgaria ranked 34.
On 24 February more than 300 000 Bulgarians went out into the streets to express their indignation against the political monopoly and its derivatives – the monopoly of the market, the corruption, the poverty, the unemployment, the criminality... The people shout "We want future" and want radical change of the political system because the elections push in alleged new parties made of worn out politics in disrepute. Some of the demands are: no immunity for the members of the Bulgarian Parliament, limit of their mandates, recall of all former deputies, majoritarian voting system.
So far there is no adequate response from the political elite only a cosmetic change of the government and ugly but successful attempts to mount the protest.
The spokeswoman of the European Commission Pia Hansen said: "There is a democracy in Bulgaria and we respect that" but It must be a lie because few days ago Europe blocked Schengen membership for Bulgaria due to the functionality of the judicial system.
At the same time there is a wave of desperate people who literally set themselves on fire. 4 people already died for a month and one is still fighting for his life. The most famous case is the death of Plamen Goranov and now his name stands for this dreadful and shocking epidemic. The 36 years old photographer and mountain climber set himself on fire in front of the municipality building in his hometown of Varna on Feb. 20.
Closing Statement from Plamen Chetelyazov
Capitalism does not confer the same status as democracy! In this system the money is at the same time the capital potential, the ultimate goal and the greatest might. This basis contributes to the spreading of corruption, exploitation, manipulation, emotional degradation e.t.c. One of the ugliest defects is that people are learned to consider those who are poorer also less cultured, intelligent and capable.The real alternative to capitalism is a working democracy aiming at the progress of creative education and true freedom.
Simion Belea
Mar 30 2013: Well, at least people in Bulgaria have the will to protest. I'm from Romania and we are always at the bottom lists of corruption and economy, along Bulgaria. Except that romanians whine, while bulgarians set themselves on fire. It's the effect of being a former communist countries where the current politicians in power are the same who were in the former regimes.
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Mar 31 2013: Yes Simion and that is why the Bulgarian protest insisted on changing the political system (recall of all former deputies, no immunity for the members of the Bulgarian Parliament, limit of their mandates, majoritarian voting system e.t.c.). But what has been achieved?
It had been a vigorous and continued protest but it faded unsatisfied. The politicians succeeded in getting on the wave of people's dissatisfaction and directing it on the political breakwater guarding the status quo.
Not only that there was not a single gesture of support from the west but also there are ridiculous British insults. I am talking about the English politicians who scare their electorate with the upcoming Bulgarian emigration. There are many things that can be said about this infamy and maybe it needs a different debate but the most important thing is that the Bulgarians who wanted to emigrate to England are already there.
I fear that the deaden tension in Bulgaria and the European neglect open widely the doors of our parliament for radical nationalism in the upcoming elections.
So - what about the people who set themselves on fire? As I said - It is a fearsome obsession, a final and dispirited appeal. These are real human beings who prefer to end their life in terrible pain instead of continue their struggle with this wicked reality. And even this extreme call for help grew silent. What about their relatives ha?
Each person must show permanent intellectual and emotional resistance! Each one of us must take the individual responsibility in his own life and fight the defects of capitalism! I know that it sounds discouraging but I can not see another option instead of the life of a hermit.Mar 29 2013: All countries are indifferent to others agony,s.
Paul Lillebo
Mar 29 2013: I know this is neither comforting nor helpful, but I'm afraid that the answer to your question is affirmative. The world is overloaded with news of crises from desperate peoples, and the world's general response seems to be "I'm glad it's happening somewhere else." It sounds callous, but perhaps people must become callous in order to retain their sanity. They can't bear the problems of the world which until a few decades ago were kept local, but now overwhelm everyone on their pads, phones and screens every day. They tune out the horrors of Syria, Congo, Mali, Burma, Iraq, Afghanistan and all the other places where people are dying by the hundreds and thousands every day. I'm afraid Bulgaria's internal problems, bad as they are, must be solved in Bulgaria. Probably a leader must arise who can mobilize and motivate the people to long-lasting mass action.
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Sorry that I don't have anything more encouraging, but I wish you and your countrymen all the best. You will get through this period, we just don't know how yet.
Mar 29 2013: You are right Paul and I share your thoughts. But I think that converting mass communications into a scarecrow is just a defect and it is one out of many reasons for this nonchalance … They are all defects of capitalism. As I said - capitalism does not confer the same status as democracy! In this system the money are the ultimate goal and the greatest might. So the people are learned to consider those who are poorer also less cultured, intelligent and capable. That is why West-Europeans and Americans consider us primitive just like Bulgarians consider the inhabitants of Syria, Congo, Mali, Burma, Iraq, Afghanistan et cetera. And it is a weak-minded and shameful characterization of the Western Culture.
Paul Lillebo
Mar 29 2013: Yes, I'd say these statements are all true as far as they go. But I don't think we're blaming mass communications - it's just that the mass of information that overloads people does arrive through those media. And the various flaws you mention are indeed defects of capitalism and western culture. But they're equally much defects of socialism and communism and feudalism and all other economic systems we've tried, and they're just as prevalent in Chinese culture or Russian or Angolan culture as they are in western culture. They seem to be features (call them flaws if you like) of human nature, derived from instincts of self-preservation: the natural tendency to seek advantage for oneself and one's group. Selfishness, in other words.
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I don't think we've arrived at the ideal economic system yet. What we've learned from our current systems and those in the past will, I trust, some day result in a system that rewards people not only as competitors but also as cooperators, yet does not stifle individuals under excessive governmental regulation. I've written a short piece on that at my web site, Blue Ridge Journal: http://www.blueridgejournal.com/brj-neweconomics.htm
Mar 30 2013: I find your conclusions Indisputably right and I will definitely visit your web! It is great to find people ripe for these ideas and it somehow gives me a breath of optimism!Apr 17 2013: Mr. Chetelyazov basically it seems you would like people of other countries to influence their Governments to force the rulers of Bulgaria to grow up and play nice. This has been attempted by several countries in recent decades (not by the will of the citizens so much) most extravagantly by the U.S. my country. The results have varied a bit but not many would call these any of these attempts an unalloyed success. You may have noticed that possessing a lot of resources (oil) or harboring perceived threats like Al Qaeda or a nuclear weapons program (Iran, N. Korea) seems to get the attention of our Government or the corporations that use it as a front (Halliburton). Most American citizens have had about enough of nation building efforts that have nearly bankrupted us and cost the lives of more soldiers than anyone predicted. Obama has attempted nation building lite in Libya (which had both Oil and a unruly Dictator) but is playing hard to get with Syria. This may all seem very cynical but it just corresponds to observable facts as far as I can see. Most decent people around the world, once informed, would probably like to help your country. But the reality is that even in moderately functional semi Democracies like the U.S. the people have not that much more influence than you do in yours. Our Politicians like to keep us at loggerheads about silly things like gun or birth control and distracted from what they are really doing. Corruption here is more central and embedded in the system so that the voters don't notice it on the local level as much. Yes people young and old are not suffering as much as in your country but it is mostly a matter of degree. I know plenty of Americans with university degrees who also can not find appropriate work. Even here it is too often who you know and not what you know that can help you in your career. I wish you well but can offer no proven solution other than continue to try and arouse more Bulgarians to action like the TunisiansApr 17 2013: Mr. Manderscheid,
Bulgaria is a European Union (EU) member country. The EU institutions have the means and even the obligation to force the rulers of Bulgaria to grow up and play nice but they miss the willingness. Bulgarians do not know why Western Europe misses the willingness especially after the last fierce protest and its strangulation and vitiation. Bulgarian people clearly show that they don't believe that "there is a democracy in Bulgaria" unlike the hypocritically statement of the spokeswoman of the European Commission. At the same time Bulgarian authorities clearly show that they don't want democracy in Bulgaria and have the means to maintain the depraved status quo. Bulgarian people don't need foreign money or foreign army but clear foreign messages of compassion.
I have lived and worked in the US. Trust me – our labor markets have nothing in common. Not a thing! But otherwise you are right about many things.
I can not even imagine what it is like in the world`s poorest countries. Or the nations engaged in war... What happened in Boston… They say one of the victims is just a 8 years old kid. Just a kid! Real human beings are dying of hunger and explosives, dying because of a primitive malice all over the earth. There is so much suffering in this world. And capitalism clearly shows that it is not only unable to inspire but actually is suppressing the emotional evolution of our civilization because in this system the money is at the same time the capital potential, the ultimate goal and the greatest might.
Basically I would like people of all countries to influence their Governments to realize that the emotional recession is the real threat and that the emotional evolution is far more important than the technological progress.Apr 7 2013: http://www.worldpolicy.org/blog/2013/02/22/scrap-and-start-again-getting-rid-political-parties-bulgaria
Spas Simonov
Apr 3 2013: Precisely! Check out this video: http://www.ted.com/talks/sugata_mitra_build_a_school_in_the_cloud.html
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It is a great talk and shows exactly what you are saying - poor people are perceived to be less educated, but what is worse - less intelligent and this is scary as hell, because to judge someone's capacity as a human based on the money he/she has is downright the bottom of our so called "progress".
Apr 4 2013: It is a great talk indeed!
Spas Simonov
Apr 3 2013: Man...as plain as it is, Western Europe, and any country for that matter is interested in their/her/his own well-being. Not a single deal/contract/union is made/done out of pure good will. The thing called "good will" no longer exists - we live in a world of interests and I am affraid this world and we as beings put the monetary/property/prosperity (as defined by Western civilizations) first. And as long as this is the case, everyone will be out for themselves.
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Apr 3 2013: Absolutely! As I underlined: Capitalism does not confer the same status as democracy! In this system the money is at the same time the capital potential, the ultimate goal and the greatest might. This basis contributes to the spreading of corruption, exploitation, manipulation, emotional degradation e.t.c. One of the ugliest defects is that people are learned to consider those who are poorer also less cultured, intelligent and capable. I am a bachelor of economics and when I say that capitalism is something completely different from democracy I know what I'm talking about. The real alternative to capitalism is a working democracy aiming at the progress of creative education and true freedom.Apr 4 2013: You're wrong! Capitalism in a society does not care for social issues, but that does not mean "a country" never cares. History is full of examples in which it was social issues that set a nations course. For example Afghanistan: when Clinton started his first term in office, the US was in support of the Taliban as they saw them the most probable to bring enough stability to the country to enable trade and the building of pipelines (thats your economic motivation right there). It was american feminist activists that started to put pressure on Clinton and lobbied strongly against the US American support for the patriarcial Taliban Government. They managed to put enough public pressure (with public I mean American people, who make the nation) that the "Country" changed its stance against its economic interests in favour of what its public thought was morally right.
And history is filled with shining examples of enough people caring and deciding for a course of action that might not be the best economical choice. For Petes sake, we are discussing this on a TED forum... if nobody cared, there wouldn't be this website we are writing on right now!
That said, mainstream Europe does currently not care a lot for Bulgaria. But that doesn't mean that with the right advocates, it can't change.
Apr 4 2013: I really want to share your belief that social issues can actually set a nations course, I really do...
TED is a great phenomenon indeed. Some of the talks are so inspiring! You are right - even if the authorities are careless there are still people who care and I was unfair.Mar 31 2013: The end of rampant corruption and Mafia style crime are only brought about by the will of the people. I'm glad to hear that Bulgarians are starting to find their voice and protest openly - they need to protest more. They can only protest passionately when they PAY THEIR OWN TAXES. If everyone avoids taxes you invite corruption and crime to take root. It really is the ONLY way to achieve change, and YES people may well die before things start to improve. Look at the Polish Solidarity Movement or Gandhi's struggle in India for inspiration.
Britain from the 18th to mid 20th centuries was in a similar state. The industrial revolution was devastating to the social structure. Rural poverty moved people to urban work in unsafe factories for little pay. They lived in overcrowded, unheated, insanitary conditions. Cholera, dysentery, diphtheria & TB were common. Child & maternal mortality was high. People worked 16 hours/ day 6 1/2 days a week (church being the only rest-bite). Children worked from 5 years - exploited for their nimble size or good eye sight. The environment was highly polluted - rivers were open sewers and the air was so bad, Birmingham became known as the Black Country. Poisonous smog killed hundreds each year. Crime syndicates ruled each community - Oliver Twist was a social commentary not a work of fiction. Life was short, hard and brutal.
I have no respect for many of the eastern European beggars who are now a common sight in the larger towns and cities of the UK. Their only other occupations appear to be theft and prostitution of their own trafficked women! If eastern Europeans aren't angry, why should anyone else care? You need fire in your bellies not in your hair! If it means social protest against crime, exploitation and corrupt politicians / judges - so be it. Make a stand. Yes, the struggle will be difficult - but isn't the prize worth it?
Mar 31 2013: No remarks except your thoughts on the beggars. I bet that the Bulgarian beggars in England are representatives of our Gypsy minority. But guess what - they are the usual perpetrators of the same mischiefs in Bulgaria. In Bulgaria there are other minorities like Turks, Armenians, Jews, Greeks e.t.c. and they are all ordinary citizens. Everyone but the Gypsies. There is only one way to integrate the Gypsies – the authorities must force them to obey the law! But if it happens in Bulgaria then Europe will call it discrimination. Actually Europeans are constantly criticizing Bulgaria about oppressing the rights of this particular minority but it is a true hypocrisy. Do you know how Europe manages similar situations? France for example - first the French authorities kicked some Bulgarian and Romanian Gypsies out without any debates and after the blast of the scandal they actually offered bribe to the remaining Gypsies in order to leave. On the other hand the Bulgarian political elite doesn't bother this minority because it is good for them to have several hundred thousand poor and illiterate electors whose votes literally cost a beer with two grilled rissoles and a loaf. Trust me – the Bulgarian Bulgarians are very different from the Bulgarian Gypsies and when we emigrate we obey the rules and work hard. It is about time for the West Europeans to realize the difference and understand that it is a unique situation which needs international efforts and specific solution - another great problem in Bulgaria and Romania that the EU ignores. And I am afraid that it is another positive for the radical nationalism in the upcoming elections and it is scary alternative on global scale.
Apr 1 2013: This is very interesting. I had no idea that I have probably never met a representative eastern European. The only one's I have seen are persistent beggars who're abusive and aggressive.
Public opinion is strongly against these people. The problem is, there are so many of them, and they are so visible (they congregate in large groups), that we assume they are representative of these countries. Please understand that eastern European countries are exporting an image of their countries that are becoming a stereotype across western Europe.
The issue of Bulgarians, Hungarians and Romanians swamping the UK to claim benefits is a live political issue. Laws are currently being passed to restrict benefits and housing being given to these groups. I would like the UK government to go further and deport any EU citizen back to their country of origin if they are convicted of a crime.
What are your feelings about reading this? Are you shocked or angry at my views? Am I expressing intolerant right wing opinions? Or am I only expressing what any sane, law abiding citizen of Europe is thinking? How would you like these people to be dealt with across Europe as a whole? You seem to suggest that the EU is too soft on them and lacks the understanding of the difficulties caused by having them live amongst law-abiding, tax paying citizens. How should things be allowed to change so as to benefit the majority of citizens, without persecution?
Apr 1 2013: I am not shocked nor angry at your views because you're expressing what any sane, law abiding citizen of Europe is thinking. And most of the ethnic Bulgarians are ashamed because the inaction of the Bulgarian authorities is exporting a disgusting image of all Bulgarians that has become a stereotype across Western Europe.
No, I am not suggesting that the EU is too soft on the Gypsies. I am saying that the EU is not familiar with the specificity of the ethnic characterization of Roma and the Gipsy lifestyle and that is why they are too hard on Bulgaria with the accusations of discrimination. Here is an example – one out of many. The Council of Europe body ECRI stated in its June 2003 third report on Bulgaria that Roma encounter "serious difficulties in many spheres of life", elaborating that: "The main problems stem from the fact that the Roma districts are turning into ghettos." ECRI missed the fact that the Gypsies purposefully separate themselves into ghettos because there they can build illegal houses and can avoid paying rates and taxes. That is why the advisor on Roma and Sinti issues at the OSCE, N. Gheorghe remarked during a meeting: "…many of the Roma confuse public services with rights to which they are entitled and which are guaranteed by the welfare state" ... Concerning the issue of the electricity supply it should be noted that dwellers of such neighbourhoods sometimes refuse to pay their electricity bills. This attitude could at least in part be explained by the fact that "…Romani mahala-dwellers believe they have rights as citizens to electricity and other services, and that the state has an obligation to provide and to a large extent to subsidize them". Here is the detailed article: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_in_Bulgaria . Pay attention to the "Problems of exclusion and discrimination".Apr 1 2013: As for your question "How would you like these people to be dealt with across Europe as a whole?" I think that the change must start in Bulgaria. I am not a racist and I deeply believe that every ethnos has equal potential and rights but I also believe that every ethnos has equal duties! As I said: There is only one way to integrate the Gypsies – the authorities must force them to obey the law as they force us all – nothing less, nothing more. In Bulgaria we do have laws that charge us with certain duties. Here is an example – again – one out of many. The primary education has compulsory character as well as secondary education. A monitoring report by the Open Society Institute found that Roma children and teenagers are less likely to enroll in both primary and secondary schools than the majority population, and less likely to complete their education if they do. Between 60-77% of Roma children enroll in primary education (age 6-15), compared to 90-94% of ethnic Bulgarians. Only 6-12% of Roma teenagers enroll in secondary education (age 16-19). The drop-out rate is significant, but hard to measure, as many are formally enrolled but rarely attend classes.
The problems are very deep and are slipping out of control. Many Bulgarians believe that the Bulgarian political elite prefer the current status of the Gypsies because they have several hundred thousand poor and illiterate electors whose votes literally cost a beer with two grilled rissoles and a loaf. Moreover – there are large amounts of EU money earmarked for this problem and I have already talked about our corruption index. I can see the solution in an international team of specialist who are familiar with the Gypsies and the Bulgarian reality in order to create long-term plan with short-term urgent actions aiming at lawfulness. But it will be difficult because Gypsies have already excluded themselves from the society and even if they find the will to change their lifestyle they will again miss the capabiliti.Apr 1 2013: And Heather - just have in mind that this problem is just a nuance of the varied pallette of the Bulgarian crisis.
Tom Lennard
Mar 27 2013: Have never lived there, but I lived in Hungary for a while. It seemed to me that yes a lot of Western Europeans are not aware of how bad things have become in so e of parts of the East. Civil liberties eroded, widespread corruption etc.Mar 20 2013: Most probably the governing body of the EU isn't simply indifferent to what has been happening in Bulgaria over the past few years. After all, nobody wants a dying tree in his own garden. Unfortunatelly, there are still just few mechanisms which could influence a member country's legislative and judicial system and simply get it working right. See the situation in Hungary which was just frowned upon in Brussels. Cutting fund fincancing is one of instruments and obviously embarking such a measure did a little good in Bulgaria and just helped another party win the 2009 elections and seize the absolute power in the coutry. The problems lie deep below the surface, everybody including the EU commission understands this and still almost nothing could be done. A radical change must be made and people themselves are responsible for that. Leaders are missing and this is the greatest issue... The majority is still somehow afraid or unwilling to actually engage something that can influence the situation. Hopefully the recent events which you mentioned are finally a good beginning of the most desired change!
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Mar 21 2013: You are right. Except that you can not refer to this burning outbreak as a "good beginning". It is a fearsome obsession, a final and dispirited appeal. And these are real human beings who prefer to end their life in terrible pain instead of continue their struggle with this wicked Bulgarian reality. What an extreme despair…
By the way when I say "Is Western Europe indifferent to Bulgarian agony" I do not allude only to the governing body of the EU but to the European citizens as well. So far only you and I comment on the topic and we are both from Bulgaria… I am not surprised. After all in a capitalist system (and capitalism does not confer the same status as democracy) the money is the ultimate goal and the greatest might. So the people are learned to consider those who are poorer also less cultured, intelligent and capable. That is why the West-Europeans consider us primitive and just do not care.
Mar 21 2013: Yes, sorry, I actually meant the protests and not what Plamen Goranov and those after him did...Apr 17 2013: How do you think about problems in Angola or Laos?
Do you care about your friends more than people you don't know?
The same goes for any problem: the further away (percieved distance), the more ignorant I feel about it.
On moments when it's drawn into my field of attention, suddenly my care spikes and I can't stay indifferent (at least as long as it's in my attention-field). When it comes to enacting upon it: that's another treshold.
So as for Bulgaria within Europe: it's currently not in the field of attention of the majority of members of parliament (they have other problems I suppose)
I think that any problem or agony is bad.
The thing is: who is going to solve it? I can always look at other people or groups or nations to solve my or my shared problems...
I cannot expect them to feel obliged to respond though.
If I am ardent enough to strive for a given problem, then I will enact upon it.
Don't be angry if the rest of the world doesn't see your problem. That's just the way it is. The real question is: what can you do to make the most progres in solving the problem.
Self-organise, become politically active, and propose sollutions to influential people (or become influential yourself).
Apr 17 2013: I can not even imagine what it is like in the world`s poorest countries. Or the nations engaged in war... Every day I try to learn about the conflicts and try to imagine what it is like to lose someone close to you because of a bullet, explosive, hunger… It literally strangulates my brain. As I said to Chad - real human beings are dying because of a primitive malice all over the earth and there is so much suffering! Trust me – I feel horrible about it, I am definitely not indifferent and I try to outline it in my writing and through the conversations with colleagues and friends.
It is very difficult for Bulgaria to exercise influence on the life in Angola or Laos. But it is not so difficult for the European Union to exercise influence on the life in Bulgaria because our country is actual part of the union. That is why I asked "Is Western Europe indifferent" instead of "Is Western Civilization indifferent". And you are wrong – in our case EU is obliged to respond and has the means. Not by sending money or army but by sending clear message of compassion and anxiety.
I believe that it is impossible to become politically active in Bulgaria unless you are part of or dependent on the corrupt political status quo. It is not only me - that was one of the main reasons for the protest! Some of the demands were: no immunity for the members of the Bulgarian Parliament, limit of their mandates, recall of all former deputies, different voting system. The people here want radical change of the political system because the elections push in alleged new parties made of worn out politics in disrepute and we do not have real choice – the same faces under different colors and platforms over and over again.
You say: "The same goes for any problem: the further away, the more ignorant I feel about it." Do you feel that this is right? I don't. I know it is true but I don't feel it is right! And I must be much more active no matter that I am poor. And I will try. Everyone must!Apr 16 2013: Prosecutor's investigation just finds out that the Bulgarian Police was wire-tapping illegally politicians, businessmen, active citizens and leaders of the protests. It seems that the data was destroyed in a hurry by high-standing police officers. Commentators speak about blackmailing and frightening.Apr 14 2013: LIVING AND DYING IN BULGARIA / EURONEWS:
"One in five Bulgarians live in poverty earning less than the equivalent of 120 euros per month. One in three young Bulgarians can not find work while private companies have accumulated alarmingly high debts preventing growth. Electricity bills have soared. There have been street protests across the country demonstrating against low incomes and corruption forcing the government to resign. In the last three months six people have died after setting themselves on fire in public..."
Watch the reportage here:
bart hsi
Apr 5 2013: I had noticed your post a week ago, but I didn't think that I had anything to offer, so I just watched the discussion postings from time to time. Now I have read more, enough to form a comment. I maybe the first to say that your cry for help is quite justified. My suggestion is to the Administration of EU to consider the timely and cost-efficient aid to Bulgaria before it's too late (until a bloody unrest occurred). I kept my self informed about the rescue of Ireland, Greece Spain and Cyprus of the Euro Dollar Zone members. In my opinion, they should start the rescue way early before the debt problems could be solved in no longer than 5 years maximum, or kick some of them out of the Euro system completely. Since Bulgaria is not an EURO member but an EU member, a timely economic aid plan should suffice. I hope that some one in the EU Commission will read this for the sake of your fellow Bulgarians The following is my suggestion:
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The EU Central Bank should urge and guarantee capital loss for the oil companies like British Petroleum , Royal Dutch Shell, TOTAL or StatOil to invest and explore the Bulgaria Black Sea region for oil/gas. Believe me, we in the U.S. are drilling using fracking right in our backyard, and the contamination problem can be solved with reasonable cost. And the EU Administration can easily set up an agency bank in Bulgaria with a loan from the EU Central Bank to make SMALL LOANS DIRECTLY TO BULGARIAN INDIVIDUAL SMALL BUSINESSES, like that in India, without going through the government there.
I am a business and economic major in my undergraduate study. Believe me that capitalism is not a dirty word, at least it is better than government sponsored economic model. I don't have to use examples. Look for yourself. Furthermore, the conditions like you described there, really do not have that much more "wealth" to be 'explored" by the capitalists anyway. Remember, almost all the "rich countries", even China, started thru the route of capitalism.
Apr 5 2013: Bulgarian governments tyrannize Bulgarians with inadequate and ridiculous Social policy that does not meet basic human needs. This however contributes to our strict Fiscal policy and so far we do not experience debt problems. We do not need financial aid - we need to uproot corruption in order to make real use of EU funds and attract foreign investors that will actually invest instead of plunder. We desperately need educated, honest and hard working politicians who will reform every single important area of social policy - welfare state, social security, unemployment insurance, environmental policy, pensions, health care, social housing, social care, child protection, social exclusion, education policy, crime and criminal justice. That is what the spokeswoman of the European Commission had to admit.
I like your suggestion that the EU Administration can easily set up an agency bank in Bulgaria with a loan from the EU Central Bank to make small loans directly to Bulgarian individual small businesses without going through the government. The development of this idea will definitely help.
I am not a specialist but I do not believe that fracking is safe. Our sole wealth is what's left of our nature and tourism is the only allegedly successful branch here. And I say "what is left of our nature" because by means of corruption large areas of the cost and the forests were built-up without any adequate ecological evaluation.
You say that "almost all the "rich countries" started thru the route of capitalism" but we do not have the time to evolve – we are small nation with only 6000000 people and as I said the census data confirmed that over the twenty-year period, emigration represented a 6% loss in the total population. High emigration levels were accompanied by low fertility rates, which contributed a further 12% loss.
What we really need is an urgent and applicable surviving plan aiming at the important areas of social policy.
bart hsi
Apr 5 2013: I have one response to your post above. I have already realized that even though you and I both studied economics, but the basic theories were probably quite different because of the difference in each economics courses we took. Without going in details, I would guess that in your studies of economics, capitalism causes an inferior or unfair treatment to the labor force (the exploitation of labor by the capitalists), while I was taught that economic development is based on 3 elements; capital, labor and management. But, this is not the purpose of our discussion. We should concentrate on what works in modern era.
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If you are interested, I recommend for you to read one of the current (or just expired recently) TED Discussion under the title of "...Is capitalism sustainable ....". In the discussion, there is a major current of ideas saying that although capitalism is far from perfect, there re still no systems which are clearly better than it at current time or in the past.
Let me also refer you to search the economic development of Poland, which is one of your fellow EU member countries and also one of Bulgaria's fellow countries formerly under the sphere of influence of the Soviet Union. By the way, I just read in today's news report that Hungary is also developing the idea of small loans to the small and medium businesses in their new policy. That's all I want to say. Wish you the best of luck.
Apr 7 2013: Capitalism doesn't cause an inferior and unfair treatment to the labor force in my my studies. It causes it in my life. Maybe there is no system better than capitalism but there definitely is a better form of government and it is called democracy. If you are interested, I recommend you to watch one of the current TED talks under the title of "We the people and the republic we must reclaim". Wishing you all the best!Apr 4 2013: I don't know much a Bulgaria. Has there been any natural gas exploration I'm hearing there are success stories with that. I've heard really alarming things about rural Romania. It's a global recession and eastern Europe is a relatively susceptible region. As for the political corruption the only people I know who can help you is Anonymous since it looks like Julian Assange is permanently holed up in an embassy.
Apr 4 2013: There is a success story (so far) - last year the people of Bulgaria succeeded in their protest against the exploration by means of fracking technology. We are poor in oil and gas though. As far as I know we have some natural gas pockets near Black Sea but they are still unused and we buy from Russia.
Otherwise I don't trust anonymity. I prefer to criticize the defects of the system with my true name and face. As I said: each person must show permanent intellectual and emotional resistance! Each one of us must take the individual responsibility in his own life and fight the defects of capitalism!Apr 1 2013: Hi Plamen, Thanks for a fascinating debate.
I'm interested to learn that primary eduction spans 6 - 15. Is secondary education also compulsory? What is the percentage enrolment of ethnic Bulgarians in secondary education? What does completing secondary education entitle kids to do? Gain a place at university? If so, your secondary schools are equivalent to our Tertiary Colleges.
UK Education
Primary ages 5 - 11 6 years
Secondary ages 11 - 16 5 years - National exam syllabus starts age 14, exams taken at age 16
Tertiary College ages 16 - 18 2 years - Advanced university selection qualifications taken at age 18
University ages 18 - 21 3 or 4 years
This problem of low Roma educational participation is surely linked to their distinct and separate social identity coupled with their bizarre feelings of entitlement. Wow! What a combination! Roma kids would perhaps benefit from extra motivational input in their early education to help overcome the influence of their families. Are Roma families settled, or do they still travel? How old do the girls traditionally get married?
It seems Bulgaria needs to foster national solidarity. Does it have a compulsory National Service (either military or civil)?
If Roma feel entitled, I guess they don't pay taxes. How does the government deal with this issue? Greece and other southern EU countries have a problem with this too. So perhaps it's timely to have a EU wide discussion about Tax. Perhaps paying taxes should be linked to social rewards like benefit / pension / health care entitlement or to qualify for a passport. I can't help feeling that EU citizens need to take pride in paying taxes - rather than feeling foolish for doing so. Perhaps if it was the sole responsibility of the man of a household to pay, and it became linked to manhood - men would fall over themselves to say how BIG their tax bill was ;-)
Apr 1 2013: Thank you for your interest in our destiny but before answering your questions I must underline that I don't want to focus the subject on the Gypsies. I do not undervalue the problem but there are almost 6000000 people in Bulgaria and less than 10 per cent of them are Gypsies. The Roma situation is just a derivative you know. There are so many educated, well-mannered and hard-working young Bulgarians without future. There are so many starving pensioners. There is a wave of desperate people who literally set themselves on fire for God's sake! And you call it "fascinating debate" as if it is an exotic fairy-tale from the Orient. Well it is not, it is our life, it is real and it is time for Europe to wake up!Apr 1 2013: Otherwise the education here is primary (7-11), main (11-15), secondary (15-19) and secondary professional (15-20). The primary and main educations are compulsory. There is no age limit for the universities as long as the candidates stand the specific examinations depending on the desired subject. Than there are 4 university levels: professional bachelor (3 years of study), bachelor (4 years of study), master (5 years of study) and doctor (5 years of study and 3 years of research). The percentage enrolment of ethnic Bulgarians in secondary education is above 90%. Nevertheless our educational system creates parrots instead of thinkers, it is not coordinated with the labour market and the schools and universities rarely expel students in order to save their grants thus teacher's and lecturer's jobs.
Roma kids would definitely benefit from extra motivational input in their early education but many of them must earn their daily bread. There are several big Gypsy ghettos in Bulgaria but Roma families still travel a lot. I do not know the exact statistics (I am not sure if there is one) but when the gypsy girls are 15 years old traditionally they are already married with a child. Recently there was a journalist investigation on the subject because it is illegal to have sexual intercourse with a minor (under 18) but the authorities only shrug their shoulders.
We do not have a compulsory National Service.
The authorities don't force the Gypsies to pay taxes and that is a key reason why our social system is on the verge of collapse. All governments ignore the problem and shift it upon their inheritors.Apr 2 2013: As a whole I agree that paying taxes should be linked to social rewards like benefit / pension / health care entitlement or to qualify for a passport. But you must understand that in Bulgaria there are so many active, hard working and educated ethnic Bulgarians who cover their taxes along with providing food with great difficulty. As I said: the monthly salaries rarely exceed 250e. Mine for example is 200e and I am a curator of a cultural heritage institution with M.A. degree. Because of the social and health insurance I receive only 170e net income. My other bills cost (roughly): electricity 70e, water 10e, phone 10e, overhead expenses for the mansion 10e, Internet 10e. To go to work I use urban transport and it costs another 20e per month. What about the mortgage? What about food and clothes? Can you even try to imagine?Apr 2 2013: There is a suitable analogy for our situation by the way. Heather - you are from Britain right? There is a great film written and directed by British filmmaker Guy Ritchie called "Snatch". In an episode Jason Statham said: "You show me how to control a wild ... gypsy and I'll show you how to control an unhinged, pig-feeding gangster." The regular Bulgarians are in the exact same situation, trying to survive.Mar 26 2013: I cannot speak for the European continent at large but I can for a large population of the UK. It is not that we are indifferent, we are simply ignorant. I knew that Bulgaria was a country marked with a corruption tag but I didn't realise the extent to which it's populous suffered, when i have discussed Bulgaria in the past it was usually regarding the potential of a holiday. Ironically do you know who opened my eyes to this problem? It was Slavi Binev speaking at a UKIP conference (UKIP are anti EU).
The EU dictates what happens in its countries through regulation and I find it ridiculous, extraordinary and truly saddening that they have not stepped up and helped Bulgaria establish some democracy. Even if I was not against the EU I would and hope people are shaking their heads in anger and disgust. How can they spend millions on going to elections around the globe but not eradicate corruption in one of its own member states? A simple answer would be that they are more bothered about the money and keeping their social project funded. You have my best wishes but unfortunately usually the only way for change is through social disorder and I truly hope that you do not need to resort to this.
Mar 30 2013: I think that populism and nationalism are a huge mistake and great degradation. Unfortunately the politicians in Bulgaria hold on this tactics because they don't have the potential to understand anything else. The behaviour of Mr. Binev is a perfect example. Otherwise I agree with you on many things but don't share the idea that "the only way for change is through social disorder". The recent events in Europe and Bulgaria in particular prove that each person must show permanent intellectual and emotional resistance. The individual responsibility is much more constructive than the anonymous and elemental letting steam off.Mar 20 2013: Another man set himself on fire today (20.03.2013). In the ambulance he said: " I am sick of it, there is no bread, I can't stand it any longer" according to the journalists. The initially information claims that the 41 years old is unemployed and has a wife and a kid...


text:
Comic 176
Link: Comic 176
Translations: http://www.beaverandsteve.com/wiki/images/8/8f/Finnishflag.png Finnish, http://www.beaverandsteve.com/wiki/images/5/52/Frenchflag.png French, http://www.beaverandsteve.com/wiki/images/5/57/Polishflag.png Polish, http://www.beaverandsteve.com/wiki/images/0/04/Danishflag.png Danish, http://www.beaverandsteve.com/wiki/images/7/79/Italianflag.gif Italian
Title: Steve's favourite things: animal
Date: April 28, 2006
Summary: This comic shows us that Steve's favourite animals are venomous centipedes. Beaver doesn't share his opinion, though.
Cast: Beaver, Steve, Venomous Centipedes
Onomatopoeias used: None
Number of panels: 1
Panel 1
[Steve's Favourite Animal:]
Steve: "Venomous centipedes"
Beaver screams as he is attacked by the venomous centipedes.
Fun Facts
- Venomous centipedes prefer to attack Beaver, rather than Steve.
- This proves what Beaver once said to Steve: Something like "Be nice and respectful of things and they'll respect you." Steve is nice to and respects venomous centipedes and is safe from them. Beaver, on the other hand...
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subset: commoncrawl


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How do I apply for Clinical Pastoral Education (CPE) at Bridgeport Hospital?
Once we have received your completed information we will contact you. We may or may not proceed with an interview, depending upon your qualifications as a potential student.
What are the requirements for enrolling in CPE?
Additional Criteria for Residents:
Additional criteria for Supervisory CPE:
All CPE applicants must demonstrate:
Cost of travel for CPE interview
What are the dates for CPE and deadlines for application?
The residency year begins in August and consists of 3 consecutive units. Students interested in one unit of training may apply throughout the year.
Please note: The VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven Campus, is an additional educational placement location of the Bridgeport Hospital CPE Summer and Part-time Programs. Dates below for these units are the same at both locations.
What does CPE cost and are scholarships available?
I am an international student. How do I enroll in CPE?
Do I have to be ordained to do CPE?
Can I get academic credit for CPE?
What are the different types of CPE?
Tell me more about the Extended CPE Program.
Can I get CPE credit for previous work/ministry experience?
I want to be a chaplain or a pastoral counselor. Do I need CPE?
Can I do CPE online or through some other distance learning process?


text:
Proposed Regional Council Procedures and Guidelines
The Council has been established as an advisory committee under the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA). This Act spells out a series of requirements that must be met for the establishment of the committee as well as procedural standards that must be met while the Council is in operation. A copy of the Federal Advisory Committee Act has been distributed to Council members.
One of the requirements of FACA is the preparation of a charter that spells out the purpose and scope of the advisory committee. This document has also been distributed.
Congress no longer provides an appropriation to fund TVAs stewardship activities. Such activities must now be funded from TVA power sales. As a result, TVA recognizes the need to have greater public oversight of its stewardship activities. The mandate of the Council, as described in the Charter, is to provide TVA advice on its stewardship activities involving:
The Charter provides a general structure but many of the operations of the Council remain to be worked out between TVA and the Council, or within the Council itself. This document has been developed by Chair Eddie Smith, in consultation with Jim Creighton, meeting and process consultant to the Council, as a first step towards establishing procedures and guidelines for the Council. It is a proposed document, subject to review and approval by the Council.
Obligations of TVA and the Council in Developing Recommendations
The Charter states that the purpose of the Council is to provide advice only, and TVA retains sole responsibility for the management and operation of its stewardship activities and for all decisions regarding matters under consideration by the Council. While this has to be stated up-front, it is equally true that TVA hopes to develop a relationship with the Council that leads to a substantive impact upon TVA decision making. TVA wants to work with the Council to develop a productive dialogue in which TVA learns from its interaction with the Council and uses insights and information from the Council in its decision making.
To accomplish this, TVA will accept the following obligations:
Developing Consensus
The reciprocal responsibility of the Council is to develop recommendations that have as high a degree of consensus as possible. If recommendations of the Council do not enjoy support of the full Council, this leaves TVA in a position where it must offend some constituencies no matter what decision it makes. From the Councils perspective, recommendations that represent a consensus of the Council are more likely to influence TVA decision making than recommendations from a divided Council. So despite the fact that efforts to achieve consensus can take more time and be frustrating, the goal is consensus (even if it is not always attained).
Consensus does not mean that everybody is equally enthusiastic and supportive of a recommendation. Some people may be very supportive while others are merely willing to go along with the recommendation recognizing that it is likely to be the best they can get given the balance of interests. But it does mean that no significant interest continues to openly oppose the recommendation.
In practice, this means that -- rather than voting -- there will be an effort to develop a sense of the meeting in support of recommendations. The Chair will lead the discussion and listen carefully until he believes there might be a basis for consensus. He then states this sense of the meeting, and checks to see if it is acceptable to the group. Often this results in revisions or amendments until the recommendation is acceptable.
If it is impossible to reach agreement on the sense of a meeting, the Chair will ask the Council how to resolve the controversy. The Council could choose several courses of action. One possibility is to keep talking. Another is to have majority and minority reports. Still another is to obtain agreement on procedures for resolving the key factual issues that prevent resolution. Finally, the Council might decide to drop consideration of the issue until the next meeting, giving people a chance to think about the issue more. But, in effect, if the Council is unable to reach consensus on the recommendation, then it must reach consensus on how it will handle the issue.
The role of the Chair is:
Meeting and Process Planning
The Chair may choose to invite subcommittee chairs or other Council members to participate in meeting planning and other decision-making meetings about process, or, the Council may designate other members to participate in such planning and decision making.
Designated Federal Officer
Under the Federal Advisory Committee Act, TVA is required to designate one official as the Designated Federal Officer (DFO). The Charter specifies that the DFO will be the River Systems Operations and Environment Executive Vice President.
The DFO (or a designated substitute) shall ensure that proper public notice is given of each meeting of the Council, approve the proposed agenda for each meeting, attend each meeting, ensure that detailed minutes are taken at the meeting, ensure that the minutes and other Council records are available to Council members and the public, ensure that adequate facilities are provided for Council meetings and other needs, and make such reports about the operation of the Council as may be required or desirable.
Meeting and Process Consultant
After a competitive process, TVA has retained the services of James L. Creighton to serve as a meeting and process consultant to the Council. TVAs goal in retaining a consultant is to ensure that the Council has the benefit of someone who has worked with a number of advisory groups and knows how to help the group be as productive as possible. Creighton will assist with meeting planning and preparation, and assist during meetings, as requested by the Chair.
Creighton is from the West Coast and has many years of experience facilitating meetings, workshops and conferences related to utility issues, water operations and natural resources management. A brief resume has been provided.
Council Members Role in Communicating with Constituencies
Many Council members were selected to represent particular constituencies or interests. Council members are expected not only to represent their constituencies but maintain communication with those constituencies to ensure they both represent the concerns of their constituency and communicate the Councils thinking to their constituency. This communication might include periodic meetings, informal consultation with leaders of constituency or interest groups, or communication through organizational newsletters. TVA will provide administrative support, as appropriate, to support these efforts.
Informing and Involving the Public
In addition to the responsibility of individual Council members to communicate with the constituency they represent, the Council as a whole may wish to establish mechanisms for communicating with the general public. For example, the Council might want to issue news releases, periodic newsletters or interim reports, or hold public meetings or workshops on pending recommendations of the Council. TVA will provide administrative support, as appropriate, to support these efforts.
The Charter specifies that there will be a minimum of two meetings a year. However, the Council may choose to meet more frequently. In particular, the Council may wish to establish a regular meeting date for the initial months of the Council�s operations. The Chair calls the meetings of the Council, in coordination with the Designated Federal Officer.
Selection of Topics to be Addressed by the Council
Under the Charter, TVA may recommend topics, but -- within the confines of the Charter-- selection of topics is left to the Council itself. The topics to be discussed, and the priority of these topics, will be an early agenda item for the Council.
Without continuity, most of the advantages of an advisory committee are lost. Council members are strongly encouraged to maintain regular meeting attendance.
Participation of Observers
The FACA requires that notice of all Council meetings be provided to the public and interested members of the public may attend meetings and file statements with the Council. A period of time will be set aside during each meeting at which members of the public may address the Council. However, members of the public will be encouraged to submit their comments directly to the Council or individual Council members prior to the meetings.
Standing Subcommittees and Informal Work Groups
The Council may, as needed, establish standing subcommittees or informal work groups or task forces to accomplish specific work tasks. The Charter specifies that TVA must approve the membership of subcommittees. In practice, the Chair will consult with both TVA and the Council on the membership of the subcommittees. The Chair, in consultation with the Council, may establish informal work groups or task forces.
Communication with the Media
To avoid situations where the media is used to debate issues before the Council, the Chair will serve as the spokesperson of the Council. Other Council members will avoid speaking for the Council. The Chair is expected to consult with the entire group about what should be said, and should endeavor to represent the thinking of the entire group not just his own opinion. Members of the Council are free to express their own opinion on issues to the media but should avoid characterizing the activities of the Council or commenting on the opinions expressed by other Council members.
Confidentiality of Materials
In all likelihood, the Council will, from time to time, review draft documents that could undergo substantial modification before being made public. Rules may be required to govern the confidentiality of these materials.
Council Member Travel Expenses
Council members will be reimbursed for travel required to attend Council meetings, and, subject to TVA approval, to participate in other Council business. All travel is subject to federal travel regulations and TVA procedures. TVA will issue guidelines describing the procedures for reimbursement.
TVA staff will be responsible for keeping the record of Council meetings. All minutes are subject to review by the Council.
Mutual Respect Standards
Members of the Council agree to treat everyone else on the Council with the same respect with which they would like to be treated.
They agree to:
Members of the Council also agree to refrain from:


text:
Hang tight!
Recipe by Becky
"This is a delicious vegetarian gravy!"
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1/2 cup
vegetable oil
1/3 cup
chopped onion
5 cloves
garlic, minced
1/2 cup
all-purpose flour
4 teaspoons
nutritional yeast
4 tablespoons
light soy sauce
2 cups
vegetable broth
1/2 teaspoon
dried sage
1/2 teaspoon
1/4 teaspoon
ground black pepper
This was a big hit on Thanksgiving. It went perfectly with a Tofurky. I was in a rush and did not read the reviews, so mine came out way too thick. I just added more spices and water until the consistency seemed right to me. Next time I'll cut back on the oil and flour. The trick to a perfect gravy is to always have equal amounts of fat (oil or butter) and flour so be sure to cut both equally. I also allowed the flour to brown a little before adding the vegetable stock. I think that really adds to the flavor. I would say that the nutritional yeast is not necessary, but it helps a lot. For those who don't know, for some reason nutritional yeast + soy sauce = total goodness. You see that combination in a lot of vegetarian recipes. This will definitely be in my recipe box permanently with some doctoring. I think this recipe would adapt well, like using mushroom broth instead of vegetable. I'll definitely try it again. Thanks.
Sorry, but I really didn't care for this. I did not have the nutritional yeast, so I don't know if that would have made it better. Since many other reviewers mentioned that this gravy was thick I cut the oil and flour in half. That made the amounts in line with other gravy recipes. Definitely cut these two ingredients or you will have a very, very thick gravy. I think it was the soy sauce that I did not care for. Next time I try this I am going to eliminate the soy sauce and try some other spices, like poultry seasoning. I think it can be worked into something I like, but not as is. Sorry.
331 Ratings
i can't believe how good this gravy is. last year i bought vegetarian mushroom gravy for thanksgiving and it was awful so this year i looked for a good recipe but this exceeded all of my expectations. i used half the oil because of other user comments and omitted the salt and added about 3/4 cup water because it was thick but it's the best.
I'm not a vegetarian, but it had gotten down to the end of the month, and we didn't have any sausages for my standard sausage gravy. As a matter-of-fact, we didn't have a lot of things, so I had to make quite a few substitutions. Olive oil for the generic vegetable oil, no nutritional yeast, ordinary soy sauce, portabello mushroom broth for vegetable broth, no salt, and parsley, rather than sage. The result was extremely good, and I was pleasantly surprised. This is the sort of thing you can pull off without much effort, and I'll definitely make it again.
I made this gravy for Thanksgiving because I wanted a recipe that didn't require turkey drippings. It had a very good flavor, but after it sat on the table for about 10 minutes, that 1/2 cup of oil all started to pool up at the surface. I wanted to go stir the gravy every five minutes to make sure no one noticed. I think this is a good, sound gravy recipe and is probably an outstanding alternative if you're a vegetarian, but if you're not, take my advice: substitute the 1/2 cup of oil with the same amount of butter, and if you prefer, use chicken broth instead of vegetable broth. It will taste - and look - a lot better.
This is a delicious and tangy vegetarian gravy. My mom and I have searched for years for a gravy that could stand up to the fat & meat based fare at Thanksgiving and this recipe definitely does it. Even the meat eaters at the table were impressed and asked for seconds! I added about 2/3 c. mushrooms, which I cooked with onions and garlic (this means that it needed to cook for several extra minutes to cook off some of the water released from the mushrooms). Wonderful gravy--most definitely a part of my permanent file.
This gravy is absolutely amazing. I plan on serving it for Christmas instead of the traditional turkey gravy. It was a little thick so I added some water. I probably should have added more vegetable broth which is what I will be doing next time. It has such a hearty taste...simply wonderful! You will not be disappointed. I can't wait to see my mother in law's reaction because she's the type that can't believe you can make traditional gravy without having to use the fat drippings, etc...!!!!!
It's hard to find vegetarian recipes that impress my non-veggie friends, but this is one that did! I did cut the oil down to 1 tbsp, without effecting the great flavour. Yum!
* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
Vegetarian Gravy
Serving Size: 1/10 of a recipe
Servings Per Recipe: 10
Amount Per Serving
Calories: 134
Calories from Fat: 101
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For Kids Affected By HIV, Camp Starlight Is a Ray of Hope
In an old house in Portland was born an incredible new refuge for children infected with and affected by HIV. After meeting so many kids that so desperately needed the freedom, support and services such a place could provide, Katie Hennessy told her sister-in-law about the need she saw for a camp for kids infected with and affected by HIV. At the time, Hennessy, now a licensed clinical social worker at Oregon Health and Science University, was an outreach worker with Oregon and SW Washington Women's Intercommunity AIDS Resource.
"I noticed that there was a fourteen-year-old in one county with almost the same exact circumstances as another fourteen-year-old girl in another county -- both with ill mothers, both contemplating life at such a deep level, both with no one to share that experience with," said Hennessy. "We named the camp Starlight because of the epiphanic moment when we realized that there were not any services for kids impacted by HIV in our state. We realized that we could create a caring community and that these kids would meet each other, have an experience of normalization among each other and not feel so alone."
That old house was where the offices of Women's Intercommunity AIDS Resource (WIAR) were located. The parent organization to the camp was a novel collaborative project of seven orders of Catholic Women Religious (nuns) who identified a need for services for women and children impacted by HIV in Oregon and SW Washington, Hennessy explained.
After researching similar camps across the U.S. and crafting a proposal with the help and support of Executive Director of Women's Intercommunity AIDS Resource at the time, Sia Lindstrom, they approached the local Catholic Camp in town and they let Camp Starlight use the facilities for the first three years of camp.
Only seventeen months passed from inception to creation, and in August 1999, under the direction of what was then called the Camp Starlight Advisory Council, Camp Starlight became a reality. Forty-three kids attended that year and the next year that number rose to more than sixty, "with a waiting list, I believe," Hennessy added. "Our ratio was always one adult to one child at camp with the goal not only being supervision but also attention given to kids who didn't always get a lot of attention due to competing needs in a family."
Creating a Home Away From Home For HIV-Affected Kids
Camp Starlight has moved facilities several times. This year, in fact, will bring it to a new location, its fourth. But when it comes to Camp Starlight, the "where" is not what is important. Ask almost anyone involved with the Camp and they'll tell you the same thing. Camp is about community, a safe, calm, caring community where the only thing the kids have to worry about is having fun.
"Many of the kids that came to camp in those early years were kids who lived in multi-stressed families with a lot of change and a lot of loss. I recall the first year meeting a very young boy who had moved nine times during the year prior to camp. We also had kids for whom there was no place to really call home. For these kids camp brought a healing element. To see the same counselors and friends year after year [brought] a sense that something can be counted on, something stable," explained Hennessy, who served as a clinician at Camp for the first four years and Chair of the Camp's advisory council during the first years as well.
The people who were there describe that first year of Camp as magical with talented people coming in from all over the U.S. to volunteer. Hennessy remembered that, "Kids came from all over the state [of Oregon] and SW Washington, meeting each other for the first time but it was as if they had known each other forever. Infected kids were observed by the medical staff at camp and important communication followed to primary care MDs back home that made a difference. Important connections were made between families and the supporting agency WIAR. Vital trust was built."


text:
Construction has begun on the Shard, a skyscraper that will be the tallest building in Western Europe and will provide amazing views of London. Designed by Renzo Piano Building Workshop (who was also responsible for the California Academy of Sciences), the Shard was inspired by towering church spires and the masts of ships that once anchored on the Thames. The new mixed-use development is located in the heart of London Bridge Quarter and will sit adjacent to the London Bridge Station, one of the busiest train stations in London.
The 72-storey building in the London Bridge Quarter will contain premium office space, a world-class hotel, luxury residences, a spa, restaurants & cafes, retail space and a 15-storey public viewing gallery. On the ground level, public piazza, restaurants and cafes will be open to the public with places to rest and changing art installations. Access to public transportation via bus line, train and underground will be directly on site. Previously at that location was the 1970's Southwark Tower building on Bridge Street, which has already been demolished to begin construction on the new tower.
Renzo envisioned The Shard as a 'Vertical City' – a mixed-use and dense development open and accessible to the public and yet luxurious , exclusive, and central enough to be a highly desirable address for companies and residents. The Shangri-La hotel group has already claimed the hotel space from floors 34-52. The office spaces were first devised by Renzo Piano for his Aurora Place skyscraper in Sydney, Australia. Each floor is multifunctional and contains 2 winter garden, which are naturally ventilated break-out and meeting areas surround in glass for stunning views and natural lighting.
The structure itself is made up of multiple facets of glass which narrow into a point at the top, but do not touch. The concept was generated by the irregular site plan, and the open top allows the building to breath naturally. At 306 meters (1,016 feet) the tower is surely to become a beacon for the city and a strong and vital center for commerce and travel. The Shard at London Bridge Station and is due for completion in 2012.
+ Renzo Piano Building Workshop
Via Dezeen
3 Comments
September 23, 2009 at 5:16 am
Its really a great design,i am impress.
August 27, 2009 at 7:13 am
Lady Macbeth taunts Macbeth of indecisiveness that was the least expected in him, resolved to be best man of England. In Shakespeare play Macbeth she says' 'I would have dashed the brains out of the baby that milks me if I had sworn like thee'. No one would be a graduate in London without doing at least one Shakespeare in college. If one like Lady Macbeth is in real living in London she would only be telling the Londoners 'sun never set in the kingdom of Briton once. You Londoners must ensure London never misses any recent development in any field undone in it.' Possibly that is what is happening in London, in the field of architecture and building. This is not notably by its own citizens


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Community Information Database
You are browsing the Subject Heading Alternative Education which contains 5 record(s)
- Alternative Education Programs Santa Cruz County Office of Education
Our programs are student-centered and adapt to meet individual needs. Staff works collaboratively to facilitate learning and change. Dedicated teachers assist students to achieve social, interpersonal... [Full Record] [Add to Personal List]
- Encompass Community Services
Encompass Community Services (formerly Santa Cruz Community Counseling Center), a California 501(c)(3) nonprofit corporation, has been serving Santa Cruz County since 1973. This year we served over... [Full Record] [Add to Personal List]
- Natural Bridges High School/Career Training Center
Natural Bridges High School/Career Training Center is a program for students in grades 10-12 seeking employment training while earning credits toward high school graduation. The program includes train... [Full Record]
- Santa Cruz County Office of Education
At the intermediate level of the public education system, the 58 county offices in California provide a support infrastructure for local schools and districts. They also must fulfill State mandates to... [Full Record] [Add to Personal List]
- Youth Services
Watsonville location: 241 E. Lake Avenue Watsonville, CA 95076 Phone: 831-688-8856 Youth Services offers a broad spectrum of services that help heal and nurture the mental and social well-being... [Full Record] [Add to Personal List]


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Truman and Ricciardi Earn USTCA All-Academic Honors
Tuesday, August 17, 2004JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (August 17, 2004) - The National Collegiate Division I Track Coaches Association announced today that senior Kristin Truman (Johnson City, Tenn.) and freshman Anna Marie Ricciardi (Canfield, Ohio) were named to the 2004 All-Academic Track and Field Team based on her academic and athletic performances. Academically, Truman finished her final year as a student-athlete at ETSU graduating with a degree in Biology and compiling a cumulative GPA of 3.899 during her career. The SoCon also recognized Truman by naming her to the TIAA-CREF Academic All-Southern Conference Team for the indoor season. Ricciardi, who began her collegiate career this season, posted a 3.61 GPA. She has yet to decide upon a major. Athletically, Truman placed fifth in the long jump at the Appalachian Invitational with a season best mark of 5.49m during the indoor season. She then went on at the Southern Conference Indoor Championships to place fourth in the triple jump (11.92m) and earned all-conference honors with her second-place finish in the pentathlon (3415 total points). She then carried her success into the outdoor season in which she notched an NCAA Regional Qualifying mark in the triple jump of 12.26m. That performance, which placed her third overall at the Vanderbilt Invitational meet, also helped her to be tabbed as the women's track and field athlete of the week. At NCAA Mideast Regionals, Truman recorded her second best jump in the triple jump of 12.18m. Ricciardi made her mark athletically at ETSU during the past season not only by being a two-sport athlete, but also by qualifying for the NCAA Mideast Regionals in the high jump. She finished second at Vanderbilt with a jump of 1.73m and had a jump of 1.72m to finish second in the SoCon Outdoor Championships. Ricciardi was also a major contributor in Lady Bucs Basketball seeing action in all but one contest during the season. The United States Track Coaches Association was created in 1992 by the NCAA Division I, II and III track coaches associations. The USTCA now includes NAIA, Community College, High School and Club Coaches. The USTCA has grown every year and now boasts more than 6,000 member coaches. The USTCA is a not-for-profit association made up of coaches from all aspects of track & field and cross country.


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I don't even think I can come up with anything positively associated with lavender. Sure in the Kanto region, there is a place called Lavender town. That town isn't all that positive though. The Pokémon Tower, which houses the graves of departed Pokemon, resides there. Visions of that poor orphan Cubone mourning the death of his mother still haunt me. You'll never be forgotten Momma Marowak.
Seeing as I know Dubba doesn't like tart flavors, it was up to me to bite the bullet and review this flavor. I still don't see how lavender will taste pleasant at all but I'll try to keep an open mind. It is Ben & Jerry's after all and they rarely produce a subpar flavor. If there's one thing this flavor has going for it, it is that it helps promote the JumpStart charity. Jumpstart is an early education organization serving children in low-income neighborhoods. So even if this flavor bombs, at least I know some good would have come out of it.
Verdict? Doesn't taste like soap!
Buy again? I'd consider it.
Nutrition Facts
Serving Size 1/2 cup (99g)
Servings Per Container 4
Amount Per Serving
Calories 180
from Fat 40
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 4.5g
- Sat Fat 2.5g
- Trans Fat 0g
Cholesterol 30mg
Sodium 70mg
Total Carbohydrate 29g
- Dietary Fiber 0g
- Sugars 21g
Protein 6g
Vitamin A 4%
Vitamin C 0%
Calcium 20%
Iron 0%


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This Instructable will show you how to build a loudspeaker that can mount in most standard interior doorways, using the room as the enclosure. The system is easily removable, though quite heavy. The system shown here is not a high-fidelity system, but it is very efficient (i.e. LOUD) and can reproduce very low frequencies. Based on the parameters of the woofer, this system should easily reach below 30Hz (-3dB) without including the natural boost obtained from room reflections. With this boost included, the system should reach 20Hz - the lower limit of human hearing. All of this bass extension comes at a very respectable 96dB with a 2.83V input (4 ohms).
It consists of (8) 12' woofers, (8) 5' midranges, (4) 2' x 5' tweeters, a simple crossover and (4) easy to use mounting brackets. The size and number of speakers can be just about anything you want, but this combination utilizes the available space in a doorway quite well.
Bet it works Great, Thanks.
I'm sure this has made you real popular with the neighbours.
That said, I give you full credit for thinking outside the (speaker) box.
Lastly, I had an idea somewhat similar to your Instructable some years ago, but never tried it: the house I'm living in now, has a functional Fireplace (we call it "a chimmey") that is built of concrete and heavy bricks. I am wondering how to use that Fireplace and its long (about 19 feet) vertical duct to house a kind of Labyrinth or "Transmission Line" enclosure, that reportedly has an excellent low frecuency response. Even a low frecuency horn loaded woofer could be housed... Your Instructable gives me a very strong motivation to investigate and build something in that direction! And Congratulations on your prize winning Homewrecker. I thought of participating in the contest, but my idea was to write a kind of design summary for a Sound System, to try to show others what I have learned tru some years of making all kind of baffles and enclosures, and to try to Share my experiences, after many attempts, some terrible, many mediocre and a few barely acceptable, now my multi-amplified system really satisfies me and most of my friends (some are musicians, some are professional sound engineers, which is certainly reassuring). Sharing is essential because it sums the efforts of many people working towards a common end. Thats why I enjoy Instructables!
I am happy that some people found the idea stimulating towards using a closet as a Subwoofer enclosure (a good idea indeed), and that mikee69 even found the website of Mr. Rod Elliott (http://sound.westhost.com/projects-3.htm) even calling it "a goldmine of electronics info" which I fully and absolutely agree! And I invite you and all the gang to visit to read about the Passive vs Active crossover matters. I'm making a pair of Headphone amplifiers based on their circuit cards, a portable and a home, hi quality one.
What is the connection of the DDT to the Homewrecker???
That comment is very, very, painfull to read.
Hitting the "enter" key every once and a while never hurt anyone. I am sure that there is some very good information in there, but because of the presentation, nobody will read it. i didnt get past the third line.
So, Aerate. Good advice when typing up anything, and especially a comment.
You do have some very good stuff written, but it is painfull to read (i put it into http://www.spreeder.com/app.php?intro=1
Which makes it quite lesible. Also, makes me not waste 2 hours reading it :)
If you want real efficiency, then dispense with the crossover (or need for one) altogether: http://www.commonsenseaudio.com/nirvana.html Some of these designs exceed the theoretical efficiency of this design, though no match for SPL (given enough power).
One thing I don't see listed as a benefit of active crossovers is the decided decrease in intermodulation distortion.
I have serious doubts that a rescued ATX PSU could begin to supply enough current to run a conventional car audio amp of any substantial size. You might want to check Parts Express (same place DiscoJones got his speakers) for some "T Amps". They are wicked efficient.
Finally, as cogent and detailed as your arguments are, I feel they are beside the point. This isn't about fidelity. It's not even stereo. It's more like the old Cerwin Vega ads: Loud. Speaker.
WOW. Never thought of that. What a wonderful, partially working, way to baffle. It'd be nice if you could line the sides and make a seal with standard doors.


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New York City Bartender Makes $96,000 A Year Slinging Drinks
Shred your useless college degree — or stop going to college altogether — and start hitting the liquor cabinet. It's sound advice. A New York City bartender said she made $96,000 last year while bartending at a luxury hotel. Sarah Speros clai


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10 Famous Celebrity Haircuts to Inspire Your Next Hairstyle
Today's celebrities change their hairstyles almost as often as Lady Gaga switches up her crazy outfits. But these trendsetting haircuts are likely to go down in the history books alongside Farah Fawcett's oft-imitated winged-out waves and Audrey Hepburn's famous pixie cut. Here are 10 perfect celebrity haircuts that are already seared in our memory for their never-ending gorgeousness.SEE MORE
Famous Celebrity Haircut: Emma Watson's Lovely Pixie CutEven after stashing away her magic Harry Potter wand for good, Emma Watson still managed to bewitch us all by chopping off her midlength hair into a chic pixie cut. "The fringe, nape and sides of the ears are kept super soft in texture so the look isn't too masculine," says celebrity hairstylist Kristan Serafino. A Mia Farrow-inspired cut like this needs a trim every month or so and some great hair products for flyaways. "Try a matte paste like Jonathan Product Dirt, so it gives texture without looking greasy," Serafino says.
Famous Celebrity Haircut: Hayden Panettiere's Boyish CropBoyfriends may come and go, but a super-cute boyish haircut is a definite keeper! To copy the look, "ask the stylist to keep the length no shorter than the bottom of your earlobes," says celebrity stylist Christo. "That way, you can enjoy different hairstyles with this cut." You can pump up the volume of the bangs like Hayden does here, spike it up or slick it back a bit.
Famous Celebrity Haircut: Rihanna's Shaved SideIt's hard to spot Rihanna sporting the same hairstyle for more than, say, 10 minutes, but this semishaven hair situation proved to have staying power. Not only did it make it into the unofficial hairstyle hall of fame, it also kicked off a celebrity hair trend, as ladies like Cassie and Carmen Electra opted for similar 'dos. "You have to have an incredible amount of confidence as a woman to pull off this hairdo," says Serafino. If you've got what it takes, keep in mind that the girly fringe balances out the rough shave, and when you're ready to grow out the 'do, "you can make both sides short until it evens out or clip in extensions," she says.
Famous Celebrity Haircut: Katie Holmes' Chic Little BobSure, some may say that marrying the most famous actor on the planet and rubbing shoulders with the fashionable Beckhams put Katie Holmes back in the spotlight, but we think her chic bob haircut with flattering bangs is what made her shoot to the top of the '00s' trendsetters list. We love the way the soft bangs make her eyes pop, and her shiny hair never looked healthier than with this short cut.
Famous Celebrity Haircut: Victoria Beckham's Asymmetrical BobAnd speaking of the Beckhams, we can't help but remember Victoria's edgier version of the bob. By keeping the front of the hairdo longer than the back, it has slimmifying powers but still gives you the option of playing around with a curling iron for fun different looks.
Famous Celebrity Haircut: Jessica Alba's Simple "Lob"Meet the bob haircut's friendly cousin: the lob (a.k.a. long bob). With a haircut so universally flattering and now widespread, we wouldn't be surprised if Merriam-Webster added lob to the dictionary (along with this year's cute additions LOL and <3). To avoid the triangular effect you can get with a one-length haircut, ask your stylist to "add in 'interior layers' so the bottom isn't too heavy and there's plenty of movement," says Serafino.
Famous Celebrity Haircut: Eva Longoria's Midlength LayersCurly, straight, updo, down 'do—the endless variations you can achieve from a layered, medium-length hairstyle is exactly why a haircut like Eva's is on the top of America's Most Wanted Hair list.
Famous Celebrity Haircut: Taylor Swift's Cute Curly HairThe poster girl for curly hair, Taylor Swift will always be synonymous with glam style. We are obsessed with her long, wavy hair whether it be in its naturally kinky-curly form or brushed out into glamorous Veronica Lake-inspired waves. Number one rule in the curly-girl handbook? "Never cut your hair at one length," advises Christo. And traditional made-for-straight-hair-layers will "buff out and give your hair a pyramid shape, so it's best to ask for long diagonal angles toward the face," he says.
Famous Celebrity Haircut: Kim Kardashian's Long, Layered WavesKeeping up with this Kardashian's ever-changing eye makeup may be a tough feat, but when it comes to Kim's hair, she sticks to the look that works. Her layers are often left loose and wavy with soft side bangs to offset her Rapunzel-like hair. Layers are the key ingredient for voluminous hair, and with the help of a dozen large hair rollers and a pump of John Frieda Luxurious Volume Mousse, you can steal this gorgeous look for yourself.
Famous Celebrity Haircut: Reese Witherspoon's Flirty BangsWhile we love any 'do Reese Witherspoon wears, it's her midlength haircut coupled with a set of pretty, wispy bangs that really gets us swooning. "Fringe opens up the face and draws attention the eyes," says Serafino. Opt for a longer, thicker side bang like Reese perfectly demos here, or a shorter set to pepper across your forehead.


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text: Quick View Tool Belt by Plan Toys In stock online $29.95 This adjustable belt will fit up to a 25" waist & includes a hammer (size: 4.5"), wrench, screwdriver, level & tape measure. The fabric tool belt is machine-washable. Committed to minimalizing their impact on nature Plan Toys uses chemical-free, natural materials on all of their toys. See Details $29.95 was $29.95


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25 November 2008Culture Minister Linda Fabiani today (Tuesday 25 November) met construction trainees who have benefited from a partnership between Historic Scotland and the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF).
For further information


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I have a 3/8" bit screwdriver but the bolt I need to unscrew is even bigger than that and TIGHT, so using that screwdriver is starting to strip the screw a bit. I can't find a bigger one anywhere online.
Take the 2-minute tour ×
Home Improvement Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for contractors and serious DIYers. It's 100% free, no registration required.
Here's one from Grainger.
Sounds like you might need to use some frozen-bolt techniques, too (penetrating oil, carefully applied heat, etc.).
This sounds like a job for a socket wrench.
Because a socket wrench has a long handle, it acts like a lever and you can get a huge amount of torque from it, MUCH more than you can get from a screwdriver.
You can get driver bits for those as well, but since you said 'bolt' and it's 1/2", that it will have a hex head on it that you can use a socket bit on.
Using some penetrating oil or WD-40 on the threads may also help to loosen it if it's rusted or corroded.


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qHTS Assay to Find Inhibitors of T. brucei phosphofructokinase
Various species of the protozoan family Trypanosomatidae are responsible for a range of serious human diseases in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The subspecies Trypanosoma brucei is one of three known to cause sleeping sickness in sub-Saharan Africa, significantly contributing to the millions of people worldwide who are infected by these parasites and endangering hundreds of millions more. Many of the disorders caused by trypanosomatids are fatal if left untreated, but most currently used drugs are inefficient and toxic. ..more
BioActive Compounds: 557
Related Experiments
NIH Molecular Libraries Probe Production Network [MLPCN]
NIH Chemical Genomics Center [NCGC]
Grant: 1 R03 MH092153-01
PI Name: Malcolm Walkinshaw, University of Edinburgh
NCGC Assay Overview:
Various species of the protozoan family Trypanosomatidae are responsible for a range of serious human diseases in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The subspecies Trypanosoma brucei is one of three known to cause sleeping sickness in sub-Saharan Africa, significantly contributing to the millions of people worldwide who are infected by these parasites and endangering hundreds of millions more. Many of the disorders caused by trypanosomatids are fatal if left untreated, but most currently used drugs are inefficient and toxic.
Of many possible drug targets in trypanosomatid parasites, the carbohydrate metabolism pathway is seen as potentially one of the most selective, as T. brucei, when in the bloodstream of its mammalian host, is entirely dependent on the conversion of the blood sugar glucose into pyruvate for its ATP supply [1]. Oxidative metabolism involving the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation are repressed in these parasites, and recent RNA interference (RNAi) experiments have shown that even partial depletion of certain individual glycolytic enzymes can lead to the death of cultured parasites [2]. One such glycolytic enzyme, phosphofructokinase (PFK), catalyzes the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (F1,6BP) and ADP from fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and ATP, and in many metabolic circumstances makes an important contribution to the control of flux through the glycolytic pathway. As a specific glycolytic target, PFK is particularly attractive as it catalyzes the first irreversible step in glycolysis, and structural and kinetic studies have shown very substantial and essential differences from corresponding host enzymes [3], allowing for the discovery of parasite-selective inhibitors.
The goal of this screen is to find small-molecule inhibitors of T. brucei PFK using a biochemical assay that measures PFK activity as a function of ADP production. A luminescence-based assay for T. brucei PFK activity has been developed which uses luciferase to detect production of ADP. Traditional luciferase-based nucleotide detection reagents rely on ATP production as a direct substrate for the luciferase reaction; however, PFK catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate from ATP to F6P, resulting in the net depletion of ATP. To directly measure the ADP product of the PFK reaction, we used the ADP-Glo detection kit (Promega), which utilizes two separate reactions to 1) deplete all remaining uncatalyzed ATP and 2) convert all remaining ADP to ATP, which is then detected through a traditional luciferase-coupled reaction. Compounds were screened as a concentration-titration series that ranged from 57 uM to 0.7 nM.
NCGC Assay Protocol Summary:
NCGC Assay Protocol Summary:
Substrate buffer was dispensed into white, solid 1536-well plates at 3uL/well in 0.1M triethanolamine (TEA) buffer, pH 8.0, containing final concentrations of 5 mM MgCl2, 0.01% Tween20, 0.5 mM fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and 0.1mM ATP. Then, 23 nL of compounds or DMSO were delivered to each well using a pin tool. One uL T. brucei PFK (0.1M TEA, 0.01% Tween20, 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 1.25nM PFK, final concentrations) was then dispensed, and plates were incubated at room temperature for 45 min. The luminescent detection reagent, ADP-Glo (Promega), was then added in two steps: the first reagent, ADP-Glo (which converts remaining uncatalyzed ATP), was added at 2.5uL/well and incubated for ten minutes at room temperature, and the second component, Kinase Detection reagent (which converts ADP to ATP as a substrate for luciferase-based luminescence), was added immediately after at 5uL/well, followed by one final ten minute room temperature incubation. The plates were measured on a ViewLux plate reader for luminescent signal using a clear filter with a one second exposure. The %Activity was determined from the corrected luminescence values. As no specific T. brucei PFK inhibitors have been identified in the literature, 1x (1.25nM) and 0x PFK enzyme controls (untreated) were included to normalize %Activity of identified inhibitors; 0x enzyme values corresponded to 100%Activity (full inhibition), while 1x PFK enzyme values were used to normalize 0%Activity (no inhibition).
Concentration-response curves were fitted to the signals arising from the resulting luminescence. The concentration-effect curves were then classified based on curve quality (r2), response magnitude and degree of measured activity, and compounds were subsequently categorized based on their curve class. Active inhibitors showed concentration-dependent decreases in luminescence, concordant with a decrease in PFK activity and ADP production. Inversely, active activators showed a concentration-dependent increase in luminescence signal above 1x PFK control levels, suggestive of an increase in ADP production. Inactive compounds showed no effect on luminescence signal.
Keywords: T. brucei, phosphofructokinase, PFK, glycolysis, luminescence, MLSMR, MLPCN, NIH Roadmap, qHTS, NCGC
Compound Ranking:
1. Compounds are first classified as having full titration curves, partial modulation, partial curve (weaker actives), single point activity (at highest concentration only), or inactive. See data field "Curve Description". For this assay, apparent inhibitors are ranked higher than compounds that showed apparent activation.
2. For all inactive compounds, PUBCHEM_ACTIVITY_SCORE is 0. For all active compounds, a score range was given for each curve class type given above. Active compounds have PUBCHEM_ACTIVITY_SCORE between 40 and 100. Inconclusive compounds have PUBCHEM_ACTIVITY_SCORE between 1 and 39. Fit_LogAC50 was used for determining relative score and was scaled to each curve class' score range.
Categorized Comment - additional comments and annotations
From ChEMBL:
Assay Type: Functional
Result Definitions
* Activity Concentration. ** Test Concentration.
Additional Information
Grant Number: 1 R03 MH092153-01
Data Table (Concise)