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Recently President Obama has been making news, promising to increase protection on college and university campuses to reduce the rate of sexual abuse victims. Sex crimes are prevalent among our campuses, and largely unreported.New policy concerning procedure, treatment, and sensitivity may change that, and correct a terrible problem within our schools. Eighty percent of all reported sexual assault crimes in the United States occur for people under the age of thirty.
The nature of sexual abuse is subjective. This is especially applicable in university settings, where large groups of people come into contact with each other and form relationships. Victims of sexual assault are often too embarrassed or ashamed to report a sex crime, especially if it occurred by someone they know- such as a boyfriend, or teacher. These kinds of intimate relationships blur the line, and potentially make a regular situation indistinguishable as a crime.
For example, you may not think that your jealous boyfriend refusing a condom, or taking away your birth control pills is anything out of the ordinary. That kind of behavior is typical for him. That is also the pattern of a sexual offender. You may have been flirting at the recent house party- but that doesn't mean you deserve to wake up in a stranger's bed with no clothes and no recollection of how you got there. Nor do you deserve to be sexually assaulted by a professor or advisor that you requested a private appointment with. Yet these kinds of examples happen all over America, and often go ignored and unprosecuted; or swept under the rug, so that the university where the crime occurred doesn't suffer embarrassment.
Which is why federal policy makers have begun scrutinizing universities and local college campuses. California's 'yes means yes' law that was recently passed serves as a model for learning institutions' policies concerning sexual assault. Critics of this law, which also deals with claims of victims' intoxication, say that it dangerously broadens the definition of sexual assault. But defining sexual abuse has never been a simple task- mainly because people, like college students who were in the wrong place at the wrong time, are too afraid to come forward. There has long been a need for a conversation concerning sexual abuse in this country, because experiencing that level of trauma, without any kind of closure, can alter a person's entire life irrevocably.
Colleges should be a safe haven in which students can pursue their higher education goals without fear. Yet,nearly twenty percent of all men and women who attend university become sexual assault victims. For too long, antiquated and inefficient procedures have bred a standard of indifference and feigned ignorance, in regards to these abused individuals. Campuses that remain in denial about this problem only make the situation worse, by compounding the trauma, and providing sexual offenders a consequence-free environment. Keep in mind however, that developing policies concerning sexual assault on campuses is no easy task- just take a look at the scandal that has recently rocked Occidental College. Sexual assault cases that occur on campuses need to be thoroughly investigated, and properly examined.No Comments. Continue Reading...
Out of all the sensational and awful crimes that can be committed, sexual abuse is one of the most prevalent, and the least discussed. Many sex crimes go unreported, and as a result, sexual violence goes unchecked here, and in many other parts of the world. Victims are often either violently, or psychologically deterred from reporting their assailants. Not to mention, it wasn't until the twentieth century that sex crimes, and sexual violence were even considered major offences.
What is sexual abuse? According to the World Health Organization, a rough definition of sexual abuse is any unwanted or non-consensual sexual act that is achieved either through physical violence, or coercion. Such acts include, but are not limited to: rape, assault, harassment, incest, molestation, forced prostitution, forced pornography, and the passing of sexual diseases onto someone else. Sexual violence occurs both in times of war and times of peace, and is considered to be both highly traumatic and highly pervasive. It is the most common of human rights violations across the world. Unfortunately, many systems of enforcement are weak, subjective, and in many places, non-existent.
Sex crimes are very sensitive, and typically extremely personal in nature. In practically every single case, the victim knows, and has a close or even intimate relationship with the perpetrator. This is largely why less than twenty percent of all sexual crimes are reported. Of the world's population, it is estimated that over seven percent of women have been victims of sexual violence, and those are the reported cases. Men are also victims of sexual abuse, but the reported numbers are much lower. The numbers of children who suffer from sexual abuse however, are atrociously high. After doing research on the most recent statistics, it was found that nearly a billion people all over the world were found to be victims of a sexual crime.
There are seven billion people- which means that one in every seven people living on this planet, is a known sexual abuse victim. Sex crimes, and sexual violence occurs every single day, in every part of the world. People who experience the trauma of sexual abuse often develop mental health issues as a result, either with stuttered development, or serious depression. Many commit suicide, and some even go on to repeat that behavior onto others. Keep in mind that for every sex crime officially reported, twice as many occur, and go unchecked.
If you don't believe that sexual abuse is a serious problem in this world, think again. By not raising awareness and making sure sexual assault victims receive the treatment they require, we are only ensuring that this problem continues to grow. When we refuse to recognize that there is even a problem, we only succeed in making it worse. With as often as sexual violence occurs, you've probably been in contact with a victim, or are one yourself. Remember, if you have experienced sexual assault, or know someone who has, keeping quiet on the subject will only cause greater damage.No Comments. Continue Reading...
Sexual violence is prevalent throughout the world. The legitimate numbers are difficult to gather and conceive, mainly because sexual crimes often go unreported. It is estimated that twenty percent of all men and women are known victims of sexual assault in the United States alone. In lesser developed countries, and even some developed ones, that number is much higher. Keep in mind though, that just in the United States, sixty percent of sexual assault crimes go unreported. China, which has the greatest of the world's population, only reports a little over three percent of their sexual crimes.
The reason this is such a problem, is because of the trauma suffered by sexual assault. Not reporting such crimes only further damages the victim, and it also enables the offenders to continue their crimes. This sort of thing should not be allowed to go unchecked, and yet it does, more often than not. Why is this? It is because sexual violence is a violation upon another human being- both physically, and mentally. The victims are left feeling used, confused, and most importantly, they are made to feel powerless- which is usually the goal of the perpetrators.
When you sexually assault someone, you take away their sense of control. Every single person, man, woman, and child, has a human right to decide how their body is treated. Sexual offenders take away that right, either through physical violence, mental coercion, or both. This leaves victims feeling helpless, unable to escape their situation and the shame that arises from the trauma of the experience. This is what perpetrators prey upon- they use this understanding to enforce their behavior, and rely upon the victims' subsequent silence.
Because of the word 'sex', people often mistakenly believe that sexual crimes are based on, or stem from desire. In reality, they are mainly about power. Sexual abuse is about the power one individual holds over another, and the power offenders are able to take away from victims, through force. There are three main differentials used in determining abusive acts, and all are related to force. These are the level of: gratification between the victim and the offender, the level of power, and the level of knowledge.How well does the perpetrator know the victim? What is the nature of their relationship, and how much information does each one have concerning the situation? How much satisfaction did victim and offender derive from the event? How much did the victim suffer at the hands of the perpetrator?
These are all questions that are asked when qualifying the nature and severity of a sexual crime. The level of trauma is determined from studying this. For example: an employee who is blackmailed by his boss into having sex does not experience the same level of trauma as a child who has a history of being abused by her father- although the end result might be the same. A wife can be uncomfortable with certain sexual acts her husband forces her to participate in, but this is not the same level of discomfort that is experienced by in inmate in prison who is raped by the guards. All these acts can lead to depression, and suicide, however all of them can be prevented in future attempts, with knowledge and awareness.No Comments. Continue Reading...
E liquid UK has some great ideas about advice for victims of abuse. The first thing that an abuse victim needs to know is that it is often not your fault. Take for example the issue of anger. People who cannot control their anger often blame the abuse victim for the reason why they get angry.
They may make statements like, "You made me do it" or "You are always pushing my buttons." These type of statements are made from an angry person so that they feel no blame for what they are about to do. Do not be misled these false statements.
A person who cannot control their anger in a relationship needs to get professional help. Many times these type of people have had anger issues all of their life. It may have started at home when they were very young and their parents did not fulfill their responsibility to curb it.
Some people who show constant bouts of anger may feel that they are unable to cope. They may have bouts of anxiety as they sense certain situations developing badly. To control these feelings and the environment around them they lash out at whoever is closest and dearest to them. This is usually a spouse or a child. In recent studies it has been proven that a husband's abusive behavior and anger are connected to feelings of failure.
These feelings a failure may stem from and in adequacy to be a good provider or protector for his family. He may also have issues in regards to being a good parent or a good husband. This comes from an inadequacy in regards to relationships. This is very common amongst men.
It should be mentioned that not all abuse is in the form of criticism, sarcasm, or shouting. There is also an abuse that is silent. Many psychologists call this a form of disengaging or stonewalling. A husband for example will not engage in any meaningful conversations. If he decides to disagree with you he will punish you by remaining silent.
Some of the terms that you may hear from a husband to abuses his wife with the silent treatment are things such as "Leave me alone, do what you want." It has been proven that a lot of silent abusers are also womanizers, couch potatoes, or obsessed with sports or other activities. His way of dealing with his inadequacies when it comes to a relationship is simply to not say or do anything.
And you have a husband to abuses by means of silence he can make you feel unattractive and unimportant. Eventually you may develop feelings of inadequacy. This may lead to serious depression. Must place that live this type of abuse mentioned that they feel like a single parent when it comes to child-rearing issues.
E liquid UK is concerned about victims of abuse and will do everything that they can provide you with information that will help. There is also a lot of excellent information on the Internet.No Comments. Continue Reading...
If you have ever spoken with someone that has been the victim of abuse, then you understand how difficult the situation actually is. If not, you might wonder why these people do not simply call the police if they are being beaten, or abused on a regular basis, and it all comes down to psychology. These individuals are typically the weaker ones in the relationship, typically female, believing that if they say anything they will be hurt even more. They also may not know that they have any options, or they may not have a place to go, which makes them believe that they must suffer with the abuse because it really is their only choice. But in reality, it's not their only choice, and if you do come across someone that is obviously being abused, there are certain things that you can do in order to help them out.
The first thing that you should do if you are ever with somebody that has been the victim of what you believe to be some form of physical, or even mental, abuse, is to talk to them, make sure that they are okay, and if there is anything you can do. During your conversation with this individual, the last thing that you will want to do is tell them that they should go out and get a bulletproof vest. This will not be inspiring, nor would be telling purchase a bullet proof vest or for them them to visit an Israeli weapons store to find a bulletproof vest. It's all about nurturing, reminding them that they are extra special, that they are here for a purpose, and that no one needs to be treated in this manner.
Once you have built some trust with this individual, you might want to ask them if they do need some help. They need to trust you, which is why you had the initial conversation. After which, as a friend, it will seem very normal for you to reach out and offer to help them in this way. They may not be open to talking to the police, and if there are no bruises, there is no proof. At the very least, however, you need to put them in touch with counselors that can help them out, professionals that deal with abuse victims, so that they can get the help that they need.
After you have done this, there is really little else that you can do to help these individuals other than give them your phone number and tell them that anytime they are feeling down, you are there to talk. If you do become friends, it might be the beginning of a great relationship, and you might be able to help them navigate away from the disastrous relationship that they are in. Just be sure to be careful, as in some abusive relationships, the other person could be dangerous. Just make sure that you are taking care of yourself, and along the way, you will be able to do this good deed without placing yourself in any type of danger.No Comments. Continue Reading...
Domestic abuse can happen to anyone regardless of their age, income bracket, gender, sexual orientation, race or location. Many people who observe abusive relationships from the outside wonder why the abused party doesn't leave. Although it is easy to judge from an outside perspective, if you have ever been in an abusive relationship you know the answer is not so cut and dry.
In some cases the abuser has instilled a fear so deep in their victims that they are afraid they will be hunted down and beaten or killed if they try to leave. In other instances, the abuse is more about mind control. The victim comes to believe that they cannot survive without their abuser or that they deserve the abuse that they are getting.
Abuse is not always physical, either. Emotional abuse can be just as devastating as physical abuse, and is often harder to break free from. With emotional abuse it is often more difficult for friends and family members to realize that someone is being abused since there are no physical symptoms such as cuts or bruises.
Breaking the cycle of domestic abuse takes a tremendous amount of willpower and a solid plan. If you or someone you love are currently in an abusive relationship, the following tips can help you prepare to leave:
If you are in a physically abusive relationship, it is important to leave as soon as possible. All of the rest of the steps can come later. The longer you stay in the relationship, the more at risk you are of being permanently injured, or even killed. At the first opportunity, head to a local shelter and seek refuge. The counselors at the shelter can help you get the rest of your life in order once you are safe. Don't tell your partner you are leaving since they may feel threatened and respond with violence.
Start saving as much money as you can. Many people stay in relationships because they don't have the financial resources to leave. Saving money can give you the independence you need to break out on your own. If you can't save money, however, don't let it keep you trapped in an abusive relationship. Reach out to a local shelter for help.
Many people stay stuck in abusive relationships because they lack basic skills such as the ability to drive. Intensive driving courses are affordable and can quickly teach you the skill that you need. Visit drivertrainingeducation.co.uk for intensive drive training. Affordable intensive driving courses like these can give you the skills you need to live on your own.
A restraining order is a court document that forbids your partner from coming within a specified distance of you at any time. Once you have left the relationship, a restraining order can give you legal ground to stand on if your ex violates your space.
Leaving an abusive relationship is far from easy. However, with a solid plan and some dedication, you can get out of the relationship and start living life on your terms again.No Comments. Continue Reading...
Being a victim of abuse often makes people feel like they were targeted. This is when the victims are often going to feel abandoned by friends and family as well, who may not understand what is going on and cannot really help. This is when people need to know more about how they can help victims of abuse, even if the abuse came at the intensive driving schools people attended.
Understanding of the abuse is the first thing people need to do. While some people will think they understand all the situations that people are being put into, they need to realize this is not the case. In fact, most people do not have any type of concept as to what an abuse victim goes through and this often means they are not going to have good advice. However, if people sit down and listen to the victim of the abuse talk, they will start to learn more about what happened and how it impacted their life.
Consoling people and helping to comfort them right after the abuse helps people out as well. While most people will continue to suffer from the abuse, even with consoling, they feel better when they are comforted. The comfort can be something as simple as listening, which was already mentioned, to the extreme of taking people to the doctor to get some type of treatment for the abuse they have been put through.
Support of the victim and convincing them that revenge is not the best option is the next step for people to do. While some people think they are going to want to get revenge right away, this tends to make them a target of the abuser again. So people need to make sure they are not going to do anything crazy and not going to seek out revenge. This means people do not have to be concerned about people going back to the abuser for any reason.
Providing information on who to consult with for getting the abuse stopped helps out as well. While most people think the police is the best choice, they need to realize the police may worsen the situation. So people need to make sure they understand the type of abuse and then have a better understanding on who can help to prevent the abuse.
Quite often people need to make sure the victim gets the right type of medical treatment. Sometimes people do not realize some form of medical harm happened, but it could be hidden. So people need to make sure they are properly evaluated for the abuse they experienced.
As many people have found out, abuse can happen at any location. This means people can be abused at any time and any place around. However, what people need to realize is when they are attending their intensive driving schools, like those at expert driving education the abuse should never be happening. The key thing people need to know about is how to help abuse victims.No Comments. Continue Reading...
Police departments are working hard to protect people from domestic violence and other issues where their bodies are put at risk. These departments understand that people are often at risk of being attacked or harmed in many different ways. In some cases they may be at risk of harm from those who are the closest to them. This is a real problem for some but the truth is that many people need to be checked upon as well as possible if they are going to be protected.
One way how police departments are able to help is by using web conferencing programs. A web conferencing comparison from
www.01com.com/imintouch-online-meetings can show anyone that all sorts of different types of programs are being used these days to help police stations keep tabs on many cases and to protect people.
These programs can help people to get in touch with each other and to stay on the same page. This is crucial as a police station is always going to work well when protecting people if the right plans are used with care. This can really work wonders for those who want to stay safe and for the professionals who are out there to secure everyone as demanded.
The ways how police departments are able to use these web conferencing programs nowadays are among the best things for all to explore. These processes include the following features designed for use by many people:
• People can use web conferencing tools to record meetings with officers on different beats in real time, thus making sure that everyone can keep on the same page no matter what types of cases have to be investigated and studied as required.
• Many programs can also help with getting officers in touch with those that they are to protect. In some cases criminal justice experts can get in touch with victims from different areas who need help with getting the protection and support that they need.
• Conferencing programs can also help people to devise plans on how to capture criminals or suspects and for how to protect the people who need help the most. This can allow a team effort to be put in play when getting some process for protection out there for everyone to use as needed.
• In addition, police stations can use these programs to keep in touch with others by studying patterns and sharing files with others. These files may include reports that cover information on how different types of crimes are being committed in certain spots and what can be done in order to prevent these crimes from being more of a threat than they have to be.
Police departments can really do well when it comes to getting more web conferencing functions ready as needed. If these functions are set up right then it should be very easy for more departments to be as protective of the public as necessary. After all, sometimes it can be critical for people to be secured in many ways so they will not be at risk of being harmed in any form.No Comments. Continue Reading...
Every person is afraid of something but it always seems like that fear is more prevalent in a college setting. Many people are often afraid of being hurt while on campus. Others are often stressed to the point where they cannot actually handle their work as well as they have hoped.
Either way, fear has become a real constant in college. The aspects of fear that are especially visible on many campuses further proves the concerns that are held in many academic settings.
Many people who are at college campuses are often far away from their homes and are uncertain as to what they should be doing. They know that there are not too many familiar faces where they are at, thus giving them concerns as to what they are doing in their lives and if other people are really going to be there for them.
This can really create a feeling of isolation in some people. While having a good circle of friends and belonging in some strong peer groups while in college can be ideal for all to think about, it is still important to consider how there's a real sense of fear that might come about no matter who's supporting who. Some people may not have much of a sense of trust in even the new friends that they are making while on campus, thus creating a real sense of fear over what's around.
Some of the biggest fears comes from how some people are too burdened with loads of stress. Many students are dealing with too much work at certain times and might not be able to handle some of the tasks that they are expected to do in their courses. Sometimes the fear that comes with trying to complete this work can make a negative impact on one's grades. This is why those "we do your essay" sites like premiumpapers.net are getting as much business as they have been. They know that so many people are too afraid of their work after a while because there is so much to do.
There are also many people on college campuses who are often willing to experiment with all sorts of interesting things. Some people might be willing to experiment with certain substances that can cloud their judgments, thus making them rather dangerous to the public. Others might have certain attitudes and may not be all that favorable to certain people on college campuses.
The random nature of experimentation on any college campus can be a great thing to fear. What makes this even worse is that the people who are experimenting might start doing so at random times and not even think about what they are doing in terms of whether or not the things that they do are logical. It seems unusual but it is a pointer that is frequently found in many lives.
Fear is not something that is foreign to anyone. However, it is something that may be compounded by quite a bit in many college campuses.No Comments. Continue Reading...
Your books can be important to your life but it is rather easy for them to be damaged at times. This is especially important if you have older books that are a little more fragile in nature.
However, you can always use a few preventative measures in order to keep your books safe from damages. These measures can work well for when you are trying to protect all those pages in your book so they will not be at risk of serious damages at any given time.
The thing about these measures is that you will have to ensure that the pages in your books are protected as moisture will cause them to suffer from too much stress. This stress can cause them to dry out and crack up rather quickly. This is a threat that can harm any book. However, like with the best deodorant for men at http://www.odorify.com, a good series of books in your home can be protected from moisture. You just need to use these simple tips to ensure that nothing wrong is going to be a real threat to the books.
• Allow some natural light to come into your room where your books are. A bit of natural light can help to dry up a space but this will especially work if you have plenty of rays from the sun getting in there. Be sure that you avoid having the books come in direct contact with the suns rays just to protect your books though.
• You can use a dehumidifier in your room if needed. This is a type of material that can clear out any moisture in your room, thus making it safer for you to work with as needed.
• If you are storing your books in a room with an air conditioner then it will be best to keep your books as far away from the AC unit as possible. This is to keep the cool air from the unit from getting all the way into the bookshelf.
• Stick with non-glossy paper if possible. Paper that has a glossy body to it can end up being rather hard to work with due to the fact that it is slicker and more likely to take in water.
• Make sure you keep your books out of reach of younger children. It is best to allow your children to use books that are appropriate for their needs; in particular, smaller children may benefit from books that have thicker pages and bodies and are easy to handle a bit of pressure from one space to the next. If your children are clean and responsible then they can handle books without worrying about lots of moisture moving around.
Be sure to use all of these tips in order to keep your book safe and free from many problems relating to moisture. These problems can be a hassle but if you understand what you need to do then you can keep your books intact and readable for generations to come.No Comments. Continue Reading...
Many people will want to lose weight over time. They will do this as a means of staying healthy and looking their best. Some people will look to use a Nutrisystem discount code SBD because they know that a Shop-By-Diet discount code for Nutrisystem can help them get access to new weight loss options.
It's clear that the task of losing weight can be done with all sorts of dietary and exercise-related activities in mind. However, this does not mean that all cases of weight loss are intentional.
In many instances people who have been abused will suffer from dramatic amounts of weight loss. That is, a victim may be subjected to conditions that will keep one's body from being able to get the physical assistance that it needs for staying healthy and active. This can be a real problem as a person who loses more weight than desired might be at risk of serious medical problems.
This weight loss from abuse often comes from many issues that can have a negative impact on the body:
• A person can be forced into heavy labor. This includes labor that goes well beyond what one can normally do. It may be compared with modern-day slavery in the worst cases.
• Regular meals may also be withheld from a person.
• In some cases a person who is being abused will not receive access to any medications one might require.
These are often things that can cause weight loss in people. In particular, this weight loss will come not from fats being burned off but rather from muscle fibers and tissues around the body wearing out. The lack of nutrients in the body and the excess fatigue can cause one's body to wear out over time. This will not only cause weight loss but also a significant decline in one's energy and physical activity levels.
There are many additional threats that may come about as a result of weight loss from physical abuse:
• People who have been abused are typically unable to handle their foods the right way. They are often more likely to go through episodes of vomiting or nausea.
• The liver may start to fail over time. It may not know how to handle certain materials that come into the body due to those materials not having come along in a while.
• Dementia and other mental issues may also develop. These can cause people to feel that eating is not something that is worthwhile due to the possible risks that may come with doing so.
• People who lose more weight unintentionally are often at a higher risk of infections or depression. This is especially the case with the elderly.
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The threat of weight loss is something that all abuse victims need to understand. It will be critical for those who have been victims of physical or sexual abuse to consult a doctor for help with not only the mental aspects of the abuse but also the physical results. This is to ensure that the body is capable of moving beyond the threats that come with violent activities.
The fear that comes with sexual assault or any other form of violence can be devastating. A person who has been victimized by such an action may not understand where to turn to in order to get the help one needs. This often causes many people to continue to suffer in silence.
Naturally, YouTube marketing has been used for many causes as YouTube marketing helps to promote different organizations that can support people in many ways. This is something that can certainly be said for those who are looking for help after they have been victimized by an instance of sexual or physical assault.
The fact is that assault is not something that a person can easily recover from. A person who was assaulted five years might be using YouTube today and will find something that might trigger a flashback to that moment from so long ago.
It is a truly difficult and emotional concern that can harm the livelihoods of many people. This is why many YouTube marketing campaigns are often held to get people to learn about what they can do in order to seek help. This is important for those who have been victimized as well as the people who are close to the person who has been hurt so long ago.
These campaigns are typically created by organizations devoted to helping victims of abuse. These organizations do this with many intentions in mind:
• They understand that it is easier to find people online and to offer help through many websites.
• The outreach can be done at any time; this is especially critical for those who may end up losing sleep as a result of the emotional stress that comes with abuse.
• They know that there's a need to establish an outreach in just about any place in the world. This includes the online world as it is.
• Sometimes people might also have an easier time responding to online requests for help. Sometimes these requests can come from those who truly understand every aspect that comes with abuse.
The ways how YouTube is used to promote help for those who have been harmed can be important:
• It offers information on what people can do in order to cope with their mental issues.
• It discusses the ways how professional therapists can help victims. Therapists may talk online about how different solutions may be utilized in order to enhance one's ability to respond to cases of abuse.
• YouTube may even provide people with details on how to survive flashbacks if they ever come around.
• Those who might engage in abusive activities may also be consulted. They may learn from many videos about how they can stop perpetrating such actions and how they can reach out to help those who might have been hurt by their actions.
The information that is profiled on YouTube can be very important. YouTube marketing is used when talking about cases of abuse with more than just the need to help people in mind. It is also to let people know that there are others out there who care about them and their well-being in the long run.No Comments. Continue Reading...


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WELCOME! to S.M.A.C.K Shin Min Ah's Club Klatsch. SMA debuted as a model for KiKi Magazine and has since appeared in many CF (commercial film) advertisements, becoming one of the most in-demand CF endorsers in South Korea.
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Ana was interviewed by Xpress newspaper ahead of the Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships.
The following is a reproduction of the story by Deputy Sports Editor Jaydip Sengupta:
Comeback Girl: The zing is back in Ivanovic's game
The 2008 French Open champion tells XPRESS she has learnt to stay relaxed and enjoy her game
It takes a lot of belief, courage and of course ability to stand inside the baseline and out-hit 17-time champion Serena Williams in a Grand Slam. And it finally seems like Ana Ivanovic may not have flattered to deceive, despite losing to Eugenie Bouchard in the Australian Open quarters thereafter, owing partly to a strained hip.
The 26-year-old, who started the year with a win at the WTA Tour event in Auckland by beating Serena's older sister Venus, comes into the Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships which begins on February 17 with a real chance of going better than her best showing of quarters. And in an exclusive interview to XPRESS, the Dubai Duty Free Global Ambassador talks about her resurgence and why she has begun to enjoy her tennis once again.
Great momentum
"I was really happy about my start to the season and it does give me a lot of confidence. It's been a very positive six weeks and I want to continue this momentum in the Middle East. I am extremely motivated and I am looking forward to each tournament, especially Dubai," she said.
The former World No. 1 is understandably upbeat about her prospects for the rest of the year especially after getting the better of Serena, a win she rates just behind her 2008 French Open title.
"For sure, it was a huge win for me and I feel proud about it, to have beaten such an amazing player. I do think that belief was the most important part – belief, and also being able to relax and enjoy myself. I was pleased with the way I approached the whole tournament.
"I was relaxed on the court, I had great support from my team and also the fans in Melbourne and it was a lot of fun," she said. And the key to it all has been her ability to relax on the court. "It's very important to be relaxed on the court, because that enables me to play better tennis. My team is young and we all have a lot of fun together. It's important to have this positive energy in the team, and it lifts my spirits," she said.
Ivanovic also has had a lot of fun off the court and she is keen to make her presence felt again at this year's event.
"It's a big honour to be partners with such a great brand as Dubai Duty Free. It's something I am proud of, but also something I enjoy. I had a great time in Ireland last year, visiting the horse racing with Colm [McLoughlin], Salah [Tahlak] and Sinead [El Sibai].
They have given me some fun opportunities over the years, such as attending a film festival in Dubai a year or so ago and I am really happy with our co-operation," she said, adding: "My goal for Dubai is to maintain my momentum from Australia. I want to go at least as far as the quarters and try to even challenge for the title."


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Friday, April 19, 5:00 pm
Maya Weekend Keynote Lecture
Ancestors at Copan and Quirigua: Acts of Remembrance
Acts of veneration for Maya royal ancestors at Classic Copan have rightfully received much attention in recent years. Equivalent acts at Classic Quirigua are less widely known. Dr. Wendy Ashmore, Professor of Anthropology, University of California Riverside, reviews traditions for recalling ancestors in each place, from commemoration of famed 5th-century Copan dynasty founder K'inich Yax K'uk' Mo' and his counterpart at Quirigua, to a pair of historically pivotal 8th-century kings Waxaklahun-Ub'ah-K'awil (sometimes known as "18 Rabbit") at Copan and the bold Quirigua lord who beheaded him in A.D. 738, K'ak' Tiliw' Chan Yo'at. The talk closes by recalling as well some more recent, deeply revered Mayanist ancestors. Cash bar available.
Saturday, April 20, 9:00 am - 5:00 pm
Maya Weekend 2013 Symposium
Recalling the Ancestors: Maya Traditions across Time
For ancient and contemporary Maya alike, ancestors are ever-present and fundamental to the sense of identity, heritage, power and place. Join the Penn Museum as we celebrate Maya ancestors and the cultural traditions through which communities engage them. Guests are treated to a full day of special Maya-related programming, with lectures from speakers including Dr. Charles Golden, Brandeis University, and Dr. Payson Sheets, University of Colorado Boulder; a Maya hieroglyph workshop from Simon Martin, Associate Curator, American Section; and much more. Registration required. See bottom for pricing
Specific Day Admission:
$25, Friday Night General Admission
$75, Saturday Only General Admission
$90, Saturday Only General Admission with a boxed lunch included
$65, Saturday Only Penn Museum members
$80, Saturday Only Penn Museum members with a boxed lunch included
$30, Saturday Only College Student with ID
$45, Saturday Only College Student with ID with a boxed lunch included
Entire Weekend Admission:
$100, Weekend General Admission
$115, Weekend General Admission with a boxed lunch included
$90, Weekend Penn Museum Members
$105, Weekend Penn Museum Members with a boxed lunch included
$55, Weekend College Student with ID
$70, Weekend College Student with ID with a boxed lunch included
Full Schedule for Saturday, April 20th
9:00 am Welcome
9:15 am Maya Ancestors and Folded-time Epistemologies
Patricia A. McAnany
Kenan Eminent Professor
Department of Anthropology
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
10:00 am A Tradition of Trust in Modern and Ancient Maya Communities
Charles Golden
Associate Professor of Anthropology
Brandeis University
10:45 am Break
11:15 am Using "Eccentrics" to Access Spirits of Ancestors
Payson Sheets
University of Colorado, Boulder
12:00 to 1:30 pm Lunch Break- Box lunches available for purchase prior to day of event
Workshops (please chose one)
1:30 to 2:30 pm Music Workshop – The Jaguar Speaks
John H. Burkhalter III
Independent Scholar
1:30 to 3:00 pm Glyph Workshop
Simon Martin
University of Pennsylvania
3:00 pm Break
3:30 pm Myth and Kin: Family Ties and Royal Authority at La Corona
Joanne Baron
University of Pennsylvania
4:15 pm Ancestral Landscapes and Pilgrimage in Lacandon Maya Culture
Joel W. Palka
Anthropology and Latin American Studies
University of Illinois, Chicago
5:00 pm Wrap-up
3260 South Street
Philadelphia, PA 19104
(215) 898-4000
Tuesday-Sunday: 10:00am - 5:00pm
First Wednesdays: 10:00am - 8:00pm
Monday: CLOSED


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Diane von Furstenberg
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Featuring a play of pleats and complex stitching, which move across the leg to create a very unique banana tapered leg. The chino front pockets and constructed back pockets give these a fashion twist; essentially a denim interpretation of chino pants. This hunched yet flattering denim is conceived for a non-traditional woman.
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If you can dream it, you can do it. -Walt Disney
Quality is a great business plan. -John Lasseter
Let's make some funny pictures. -Tex Avery
I never considered a difference of opinion in politics, in religion, in philosophy, as cause for withdrawing from a friend. -Howard Zinn
When critics sit in judgment it is hard to tell where justice leaves off and vengeance begins. -Chuck Jones
And what do you benefit if you gain the whole world but lose your own soul? -Jesus
A man should never neglect his family for business. -Walt Disney
What's most important in animation is the emotions and the ideas being portrayed. -Ralph Bakshi
Once you have heard a strange audience burst into laughter at a film you directed, you realize what the word joy is all about. -Chuck Jones
Before enlightenment: chop wood, carry water. After enlightenment: chop wood, carry water. -Buddhist Proverb
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Trailer for HALKa
Share your views on the state of the Animation Industry.
4 posts • Page 1 of 1
Trailer for HALKa
Apparently (and i use the word "apparently" tongue-in-cheek here) a knockoff of the Hulkster as we know him from Marvel, made by a group of film students in Bangladesh.
These guys are calling themselves Taar Cheera Entertainment. During the course of this trailer, you'll see a boy stop a tank with his bike, guns come out of a rickshaw from nowhere, HALKa cartoonishly taking a jog, another guy casually and cartoonishly dodging a car bomb, and other assorted oddities.
I think these guys deserve a multi-picture deal from a big studio, how about you?
Re: Trailer for HALKa
The TaaR CHeeRA guys just dumped a crapload of additional information on me via e-mail on their HALKa short, currently gaining substantial traction with their views count at a half-million, and the Slashfilm coverage (which you can find here). I'll be posting our e-mail exchanges below.
First, I've decided to format part of this as an interview!
(First part posted "as is"!)
Re: more info abt. HALKa
From: TaaR CHeeRA <email@example.com>
View Contact
To: Enoch Allen <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Dear Allen,
Thanks for you mail. I may have to tell you in detail to understand how we made HALKa.
HALKa is a production of TaaR CHeeRA Entertainment. TaaR CHeeRA (TC) means "Disconnected Wires" (little mad/crack etc.). TC is not like any traditional production company, It is a name of a Team whom are basically practicing & studying film in different theaters & universities (think like a musical band team). Founder of this team is Afgani RaNA (director & writer of HALKa). There are only 10 members in TaaR CHeeRA. Their only dream is to make fantasy based main stream film. As a sample this team decided to make "HALKa " as a parody short film of 45minutes with very low budget.
1.) What was the budget for the film? How did you get it?
1. We made HALKa within 800 dollars. I know it sounds too much low. Basically in our country... an avarage budget for 2 hours commercial film is about 150,000 dollars & a regular drama of 45 minutes cost 2000 dollars. But our short parody film halka was made without any payment to any artists, team or no extra cost for technical or vfx. As it is a experimental student film & not made for commercial purpose, every one worked here as volunteer. 90% of its artists are amateur (never faced camera before). Technical support & Post production provided as free from a company named "MediaMax Communications" (company owner is a film student & TC member too). All were handy products. Basically food & transport cost was the only financial requirement in this short film. Almost every TC members paid for this experimental project.
2.) What were the techniques (what programs did you use to complete the VFX shirts (shots) for the show)?
2. Special effect supervised by the director Afgani himself. And we have used basic softwares like Adobe Premiere, 3D Studio Max, Poser, After Effect etc. There were no special techniques, only simple technique was pre plan.
3.) What kind of success did you guys enjoy with the film?
3. We have not released the film to the public yet. But it has submitted to the Film & Media Department of "Stamford University Bangladesh" as a final project. Where teachers & students are proud of it. Hope soon, we will show it to some non conventional theater & other universities auditorium as a student film. All shows of HALKa will be for free. Yet now we have released only HALKa trailer & some specific scenes as teaser.
Now about the response of HALKa Trailer, all of our team member are really happy to get huge response from all over the country & also from abroad. Many local & international mails & calls are coming. Our trailer already reached to almost "500,000" viewers. Check our web site, youtube & visit "TaaR CHeeRA" group in FaceBook.
HALKa is now a dream to the all TC members. May be our VFX & production quality is not that standard right now (due to budget), but hope our different story, action & the sense of humor may setisfy viewers expectation. 45 minutes will be full of fun for all ages.
To know more about our HALKa, please download HALKa Thesis that we submitted in Stamford University:
http://www.mediafire.com/?hm3cg369yqe4665 (Don't use! Updated link to be posted shortly!--EA)
(In this thesis we have showed that our budget was about 1800 dollars. Ignore it, because it was just for university point purpose.)
Wrote too much. But again thanks for your interest on it.
- TaaR CHeeRA
The TaaR CHeeRA guys e-mailed me again. It was back and forth for a while between me and the Bangladeshi filmmakers-in-training . . .
Re: Trailer for HALKa
In this second e-mail, the TaaR CHeeRA guys talk just a little bit about their ambitions. Again, their responses will be pasted as is with no modifications by me whatsoever.
Re: more info abt. HALKa
From: TaaR CHeeRA <firstname.lastname@example.com>
View Contact
To: Enoch Allen <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Dear Allen,
Many thanks for your support. Feel free to share anything of HALKa to any where. The reason we made HALKa is, share, enjoy & let people know our country (please make sure we are not part of India & not from bollywood).
After HALKa... we hope to make 2 full length films. One with original story of a Foolish Paranormal Detactive & another will be a parody of "Werewolf".
In a 3rd world country like Bangladesh, we may have many limitations. But Bangalis have already started to dream, one day, Bangladesh will make International quality film. Thanks again.
- TaaR CHeeRA
You heard it folks. TaaR CHeeRA plans for their next film to be about a goofy detective investigating paranormal events (sure to be VFX-filled, I bet) and a werewolf parody, sure to be infused with (and I say the following with all due respect--and giddy anticipation) their trademark weirdness!
Good stuff coming down the pike from these fellas, who already have net snarkers calling their "Hulk" parody better than the $150-$200 million-dollar films being parodied!
Re: Trailer for HALKa
HALKa Updated Thesis
From: TaaR CHeeRA <firstname.lastname@example.com>
View Contact
To: email@example.com
Dear Allen,
Please download updated & final thesis of HALKa. Please share this download link or file to other:
- TaaR CHeeRA
If you want, click the above MediaFire link to get their .pdf thesis/project outline, and learn more about this very funny project.
Many thanks to TaaR CHeeRA for treating me like an insider, regarding this emerging Bangladesh film scene and talent.
4 posts • Page 1 of 1


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About Kristen KulinowskiPolicy researcher in Washington, DC and adjunct faculty in the Department of Chemistry at Rice University. Former executive director of the Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology; director of the International Council on Nanotechnology. Named one of Nanotechnology Law & Business Journal's Top 10 Nanotechnology Environment, Health and Safety experts; listed in 100 Amazing Scientists You Should Follow on Twitter; and widely considered to be one of the 1000 Most Uppity Women in Science. (I made that last one up for symmetry.) This is a blog of my own personal opinions about nanotechnology, risk, science policy and whatever else I feel like writing about.
Recent Ramblings
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Recent Posts
Category Archives: hazardous waste worker training
Nanotechnology and Hazardous Waste Worker Training: Preview of the NIEHS White Paper
About a year ago, I cold-called a program manager at the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) to inquire about a new grant solicitation on hazardous waste worker training that I thought might be appropriate for my work with … Continue reading


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Good-for-you granola
Cooking timePrep: 10 mins Cook: 25 mins
Skill levelEasy
ServingsMakes 15 servings
Try this energy-boosting granola breakfast to start your day - it's good for you!
Nutrition and extra info
Nutrition per serving
- kcalories
- 259
- protein
- 6g
- carbs
- 28g
- fat
- 15g
- saturates
- 3g
- fibre
- 3g
- sugar
- 13g
- salt
- 0.02g
- 2 tbsp vegetable oil
- 125ml maple syrup
- 2 tbsp honey
- 1 tsp vanilla extract
- 300g rolled oats
- 50g sunflower seeds
- 4 tbsp sesame seeds
- 50g pumpkin seeds
- 100g flaked almonds
- 100g dried berries (find them in the baking aisle)
- 50g coconuts flakes or desiccated coconut
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- Heat oven to 150C/fan 130C/gas 2. Mix the oil, maple syrup, honey and vanilla in a large bowl. Tip in all the remaining ingredients, except the dried fruit and coconut, and mix well.
- Tip the granola onto two baking sheets and spread evenly. Bake for 15 mins, then mix in the coconut and dried fruit, and bake for 10-15 mins more. Remove and scrape onto a flat tray to cool. Serve with cold milk or yogurt. The granola can be stored in an airtight container for up to a month.
Recipe from Good Food magazine, February 2006
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Comments, questions and tips
Absolutely amazing!
I didn't have mixed berries so substituted for 50g dried apricots and 25g each of raisins and sultanas. I used desiccated coconut.
I found that it needed a little extra baking time to get it as crunchy as I like and it needed a bit more maple syrup or honey to get it to clump together a bit more.
The taste of this granola though is absolutely gorgeous. My boyfriend has proclaimed it to be the tastiest cereal he has ever eaten!
It does make the 15 portions in my opinion. It works out around 50g per portion, which doesn't seem like a lot, but it is very filling and quite high in calories (albeit 'good' ones from the nuts etc), so you don't really need any more.
I eat this with natural yoghurt and I love it, as does my 2 year old. I will be making another batch very soon and I am quite sure that this will be a regular staple in my cupboard from now on.
have a small bowl with enough sweetened almond milk to just cover and let it soak for 5 mins (do something else meanwhile to prevent temptation!) as is quite crunchy and chewy and it just becomes an unbelievable, sweet, complex but guilt free, nutritious breakfast that lasts me till lunch! and i mean a SMALL bowl! also fantastic with your choice of natural yoghurt and fresh fruit :)
DELICIOUS! My amendments:
I use a bit less honey than suggested, and I use half/half maple syrup and agave syrup, and reduced quantity from 125ml to 100ml - it was still plenty sweet enough, especially with dried fruit.
I don't add the fruit before it all gets toasted as I prefer the softer texture. Just stir it in once it's out the oven, but still warm.
I add a generous pinch of salt, plus 1 tsp ground cinnamon and 1 tsp ground ginger.
I also did half/half of the flaked almonds with chopped pecans which is another lovely flavour and texture.
I agree with earlier comments about too many sesame seeds making it rather "bitty" - I substituted half the quantity with sunflower seeds.
This has become a breakfast staple in our house. Delicious! I add a teaspoon of fine sea salt in with the oats and nuts and I find that it really accentuates the flavour of the granola. Have used dried apricots, cashews, dried mango and flax seeds. Such a versatile recipe with great results every time.
Adore this recipe! easiest one i've found, I have granola almost every morning with banana and yoghurt (sometimes rasberries too) This recipe is quite basic, but pretty much perfect, I'm in the middle of making some right now and I always add some ginger or cinnamon, and I'm trying lemon zest in this batch, not sure how it'll turn out but it's worth a try! Also I can never afford maple syrup so I use all honey instead, tried it with some golden syrup but it made the whole thing a bit sickly, so if you don't have any maple syrup, honey works just as well!


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I was talking to a friend the other day about accessing donationcoder or other sites using SSL (https urls), and how many have a problem where they support ssl but some of the links on the site itself will redirect you to normal http links inadvertently, leading you back to non-secure connection.
It turns out that there are a couple of firefox extensions that can be used to force firefox to always use an https style ssl link on certain websites. That is, it will dynamic adjust all http links to be https (or vice versa) on sites you specify.
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For more instructions on how to configure noscript to force https, see for example this page.


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The Sundarbans
The Sundarbans
The Sundarbans mangrove forest, one of the largest such forests in the world (140,000 ha), lies on the delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers on the Bay of Bengal. It is adjacent to the border of India's Sundarbans World Heritage site inscribed in 1987. The site is intersected by a complex network of tidal waterways, mudflats and small islands of salt-tolerant mangrove forests, and presents an excellent example of ongoing ecological processes. The area is known for its wide range of fauna, including 260 bird species, the Bengal tiger and other threatened species such as the estuarine crocodile and the Indian python.
Les Sundarbans
La forêt de mangroves des Sundarbans, l'une des plus grandes forêts mondiales de ce type (140 000 ha), couvre le delta du Gange, du Brahmapoutre et de la Meghna, dans la baie du Bengale. Elle est contiguë au site indien des Sundarbans, classé patrimoine mondial depuis 1987. L'ensemble du site est entrecoupé d'un réseau complexe de voies d'eau sous l'influence des marées, de vasières et d'îlots de forêts de mangroves halophiles, offrant un excellent exemple de processus géologiques en cours. Le site est également connu pour la richesse de sa faune qui comprend 260 espèces d'oiseaux, le tigre du Bengale et d'autres espèces menacées comme le crocodile marin et le python indien.
تغطّي غابة الأيك الكثيف الاستوائية (مانغروف) في سونداربان، وهي إحدى أكبر الغابات العالمية من هذا النوع (140000 هكتار)، دلتا الغانج والبراهمابوتر والميغنا في خليج البنغال. وهي قريبة من الموقع الهندي للسونداربان المصنف تراثا عالميا منذ العام 1987. تقطع الموقع بشكل عام شبكة معقدة من الطرق المائية بتأثير من المد والجزر والأحواض الموحلة والجزر الصغيرة من غابات المانغروف اليجوج (الذي ينبت على الماء المالح) التي تعطي مثالاً حياً عن عملية تطوّر جيولوجي ممتازة. كما أن الموقع معروف أيضاً لغنى ثروته الحيوانية التي تشمل 260 طيراً ونمر البنغال وأجناساً أخرى مهددة بالإنقراض، مثل التمساح البحري وأفعى بيتون الهندية.
source: UNESCO/ERI
孙德尔本斯有着世界上最大的红树森林之一(占地140 000公顷),位于孟加拉湾的恒河 (Ganges)、布拉马普特拉河(Brahmaputra)和梅克纳河(Meghna)三角洲。公园毗邻1987年列入的印度孙德尔本斯世界遗产地。公园内遍布潮汐河道、泥滩和耐盐的红树林小岛,是成长型生态过程的范例。该地区因动物物种多样性而闻名于世,其中包括260种鸟类,还有孟加拉虎和其他濒危物种,如湾鳄和印度蟒蛇。
source: UNESCO/ERI
Мангровые заросли Сундарбан
Мангровые леса, произрастающие в общей дельте рек Ганг, Брахмапутра и Мегхна на побережье Бенгальского залива, образуют крупнейший в мире массив такого рода. Отдельные участки этого массива охраняются в составе двух объектов всемирного наследия (в Бангладеш – около 140 тыс. га, в индийской части дельты – около 130 тыс. га). Устойчивые к воздействию соленой морской воды, эти заросли занимают небольшие островки, которые разделены протоками, затопляемыми во время приливов. Объект известен и своей разнообразной фауной, включающей 260 видов птиц, а также бенгальского тигра и прочих редких животных, таких как гребнистый крокодил и индийский питон.
source: UNESCO/ERI
Los Sundarbans
Situada en el delta del Ganges, la región de los Sundarbans abarca 10.000 km² de tierra y agua. La mitad de esa superficie se halla en el territorio de la India y el resto en Bangladesh. El sitio posee la más vasta extensión de bosques de manglares del mundo y es el hábitat de diversas especies raras o en peligro de extinción: tigres, mamíferos acuáticos, aves y reptiles.
source: UNESCO/ERI
source: NFUAJ
Nationaal park Sundarbans
Het nationaal park de Sundarbans beslaat 10.000 vierkante kilometer land en water in de Ganges delta. Meer dan de helft van dit gebied bevindt zich in India, de rest in Bangladesh. Gelegen aan de monding van de Ganges en de Brahmaputra rivieren tussen India en Bangladesh, bieden de mangrovebossen en waterwegen een breed scala van fauna, waaronder een aantal met uitsterven bedreigde soorten. Het leefgebied bevat de grootste populatie tijgers in de wereld, die zich hebben aangepast aan een welhaast amfibisch leven. De (Bengaalse) tijgers zijn in staat om lange afstanden te zwemmen en eten vis, krab en watervaranen.
Source: unesco.nl
Outstanding Universal Value
Brief synthesis
The Sundarbans Reserve Forest (SRF), located in the south-west of Bangladesh between the river Baleswar in the East and the Harinbanga in the West, adjoining to the Bay of Bengal, is the largest contiguous mangrove forest in the world. Lying between latitude 21° 27′ 30″ and 22° 30′ 00″ North and longitude 89° 02′ 00″ and 90° 00′ 00″ East and with a total area of 10,000 km2, 60% of the property lies in Bangladesh and the rest in India. The land area, including exposed sandbars, occupies 414,259 ha (70%) with water bodies covering 187,413 ha (30%).
The three wildlife sanctuaries in the south cover an area of 139,700 ha and are considered core breeding areas for a number of endangered species. Situated in a unique bioclimatic zone within a typical geographical situation in the coastal region of the Bay of Bengal, it is a landmark of ancient heritage of mythological and historical events. Bestowed with magnificent scenic beauty and natural resources, it is internationally recognized for its high biodiversity of mangrove flora and fauna both on land and water.
The immense tidal mangrove forests of Bangladeshs' Sundarbans Forest Reserve, is in reality a mosaic of islands of different shapes and sizes, perennially washed by brackish water shrilling in and around the endless and mind-boggling labyrinths of water channels. The site supports exceptional biodiversity in its terrestrial, aquatic and marine habitats; ranging from micro to macro flora and fauna. The Sundarbans is of universal importance for globally endangered species including the Royal Bengal Tiger, Ganges and Irawadi dolphins, estuarine crocodiles and the critically endangered endemic river terrapin (Batagur baska). It is the only mangrove habitat in the world for Panthera tigris tigris species.
Criterion (ix): The Sundarbans provides a significant example of on-going ecological processes as it represents the process of delta formation and the subsequent colonization of the newly formed deltaic islands and associated mangrove communities. These processes include monsoon rains, flooding, delta formation, tidal influence and plant colonization. As part of the world's largest delta, formed from sediments deposited by three great rivers; the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna, and covering the Bengal Basin, the land has been moulded by tidal action, resulting in a distinctive physiology.
Criterion (x): One of the largest remaining areas of mangroves in the world, the Sundarbans supports an exceptional level of biodiversity in both the terrestrial and marine environments, including significant populations of globally endangered cat species, such as the Royal Bengal Tiger. Population censuses of Royal Bengal Tigers estimate a population of between 400 to 450 individuals, a higher density than any other population of tigers in the world.
The property is the only remaining habitat in the lower Bengal Basin for a wide variety of faunal species. Its exceptional biodiversity is expressed in a wide range of flora; 334 plant species belonging to 245 genera and 75 families, 165 algae and 13 orchid species. It is also rich in fauna with 693 species of wildlife which includes; 49 mammals, 59 reptiles, 8 amphibians, 210 white fishes, 24 shrimps, 14 crabs and 43 mollusks species. The varied and colourful bird-life found along the waterways of the property is one of its greatest attractions, including 315 species of waterfowl, raptors and forest birds including nine species of kingfisher and the magnificent white-bellied sea eagle.
The Sundarbans is the biggest delta, back water and tidal phenomenon of the region and thus provides diverse habitats for several hundreds of aquatic, terrestrial and amphibian species. The property is of sufficient size to adequately represent its considerably high floral and faunal diversity with all key values included within the boundaries. The site includes the entire landscape of mangrove habitats with an adequate surrounding area of aquatic (both marine and freshwater) and terrestrial habitats, and thus all the areas essential for the long term conservation of the Sundarbans and its rich and distinct biodiversity
The World Heritage property is comprised of three wildlife sanctuaries which form the core breeding area of a number of species of endangered wildlife. Areas of unique natural beauty, ethno botanical interest, special marine faunal interest, rivers, creeks, islands, swamps, estuaries, mud flats, and tidal flats are also included in the property. The boundaries of the property protect all major mangrove vegetation types, areas of high floral and faunal values and important bird areas. The integrity of the property is further enhanced by terrestrial and aquatic buffer zones that surround, but are not part of the inscribed property.
Natural calamities such as cyclones, have always posed threats on the values of the property and along with saline water intrusion and siltation, remain potential threats to the attributes. Cyclones and tidal waves cause some damage to the forest along the sea-land interface and have previoulsy caused occasional considerable mortality among some species of fauna such as the spotted deer. Over exploitation of both timber resources and fauna, illegal hanting and trapping, and agricultural encroachment also pose serious threats to the values of the property and its overall integrity.
Protection and management requirements
The property is composed of three wildlife sanctuaries and has a history of effective national legal protection for its land, forest and aquatic environment since the early 19th century. All three wildlife sanctuaries were established in 1977 under the Bangladesh Wildlife (Preservation) (Amendment) Act, 1974, having first been gazetted as forest reserves in 1878. Along with the Forest Act, 1927, the Bangladesh Wildlife (Preservation) (Amendment) Act 1974, control activities such as entry, movement, fishing, hunting and extraction of forest produces. A number of field stations established within Sundarbans West assist in providing facilities for management staff. There are no recognised local rights within the reserved forest with entry and collection of forest products subject to permits issued by the Forest Department.
The property is currently well managed and regularly monitored by established management norms, regular staff and individual administrative units. The key objective of management is to manage the property to retain the biodiversity, aesthetic values and integrity. A delicate balance is needed to maintain and facilitate the ecological process of the property on a sustainable basis. Another key management priority is the maintenance of ongoing ecological and hydrological process which could otherwise be threatened by ongoing developmental activities outside the property. Subject to a series of successively more comprehensive management plans since its declaration as reserved forest, a focus point of many of these plans is the management of tigers, together with other widlife, as an integral part of forest management that ensures the sustainable harvesting of forest products while maintaining the coastal zone in a way that meets the needs of the local human population. The working plans for the Sundarbans demonstrate a progressive increase in the understanding of the management requirements and the complexity of prescriptions made to meet them.
Considerable research has been conducted on the Sundarbans wildlife and ecosystem. International input and assistance from WWF and the National Zoological Park, the Smithsonian Institution as well as other organisations has assisted with the development of working plans for the property, focusing on conservation and management of wildlife.
The Sundarbans provides sustainable livelihoods for millions of people in the vicinity of the site and acts as a shelter belt to protect the people from storms, cyclones, tidal surges, sea water seepage and intrusion. The area provides livelihood in certain seasons for large numbers of people living in small villages surrounding the property, working variously as wood-cutters, fisherman, honey gatherers, leaves and grass gatherers.
Tourism numbers remain relatively low due to the difficult access, arranging transport and a lack of facilities including suitable accommodation. Mass tourism and its impacts are unlikely to affect the values of the property. While the legal protection afforded the property prohibit a number of activities within the boundaries illegal hunting, timber extraction and agricultural encroachment pose potential threats to the values of the property. Storms, cyclones and tidal surges up to 7.5 m high, while features of the areas, also pose a potential threat with possible increased frequency as a result of climate change.
Long Description
The Sundarbans consist of three wildlife sanctuaries (Sundarbans West, East and South) lying on disjunct deltaic islands just west of the main outflow of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers, close to the border with India.
The sanctuaries are intersected by a complex network of tidal waterways, mud flats and small islands of salt tolerant mangrove forests. The area is flooded with brackish water during high tides which mix with freshwater from inland rivers.
The larger channels are often a kilometre or two wide and generally run in a north-south direction. Rivers tend to be long and straight, a consequence of the strong tidal forces and the easily eroded clay and silt deposits. But apart from Baleswar River the waterways carry little freshwater as they are cut off from the Ganges, the outflow of which has shifted from the Hooghly-Bhagirathi channels in India progressively eastwards since the 17th century. They are kept open largely by the diurnal tidal flow.
Alluvial deposits are geologically very recent and deep. The soil is a clay loam with alternate layers of clay, silt and sand. The surface is clay except on the seaward side of islands in the coastal limits, where sandy beaches occur. The monsoon rains, flooding, delta formation, and tidal influence combine in the Sundarbans to for a dynamic landscape that is constantly changing.
Sands collect at the river mouths and form banks and chars, which are blown into dunes by the strong south-west monsoon winds. Finer silts are washed out into the Bay of Bengal where they form mud flats in the lee of the dunes. These become overlain with sand from the dunes and develop into grassy middens.
Because of the dominance of saline conditions, the forest flora in the western Sundarbans is not as diverse as in the east. Forest areas are dominated by a few species mostly Sundri and Gewu and patches of Nypa palm and several other of the 27 species of mangrove that are found in the Sundarbans.
The property is the only remaining habitat in the lower Bengal Basin for a variety of faunal species. The presence of 49 mammal species has been documented. Of these, no less than five spectacular species, Javan rhinoceros, water buffalo, swamp deer, gaur and probably hog deer have become locally extirpated since the beginning of the 21st century.
The Sundarbans of Bangladesh and India support one of the largest populations of Royal Bengal Tiger with an estimated 350 individuals. Other mammals include spotted deer and wild boar, three species of wild cat and Ganges River dolphin, which occurs in some of the larger waterways. Of the three species of otter, smooth-coated otter is domesticated by fishermen and used to drive fish into their nets.
Some 53 reptile species and eight amphibian species have been recorded of these mugger crocodile is now extinct, probably as a result of past over-exploitation, although it still occurs in at least one location nearby. Estuarine crocodile still survives but its numbers have been greatly depleted through hunting and trapping for skins. Four species of marine turtle have been recorded from the area. The varied and colourful bird-life to be seen along its waterways is one of the Sundarbans' greatest attractions. There are some 315 species of waterfowl, raptors and forest birds including nine species of kingfisher and the magnificent white-bellied sea eagle.Source: UNESCO/CLT/WHC
Historical Description
All three wildlife sanctuaries were established in 1977 under the Bangladesh Wildlife (Preservation) (Amendment) Act, 1974, having first been gazetted as forest reserves in 1878. The total area of wildlife sanctuaries was extended in 1996. The entire Sundarbans is reserved forest, established under the Indian Forest Act, 1878.Source: Advisory Body Evaluation
Activities (3)
News (6)
- Serious concern for oil spill in the Sundarbans, Bangladesh Thursday, December 18, 2014
- World Migratory Bird Day 2011 observed 14-15 May in over 50 countries Friday, May 13, 2011
- Jaeger-LeCoultre and the International Herald Tribune continue to support the World Heritage Marine Programme Friday, June 26, 2009
- Sundarbans World Heritage site devastated by cyclone, according to UNESCO experts who visited the site Friday, December 7, 2007
- Climate change threatens UNESCO World Heritage sites Tuesday, April 10, 2007


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Photo/David Yellen
A Conversation with General Cigar's Dan Carr
David Savona
From the Print Edition:
Joe Mantegna, July/August 2011
(continued from page 5)
In 2005, Swedish Match acquired General Cigar and returned Carr to that division as its senior vice president of sales and marketing in 2007. Promotions to chief operating officer, in 2009, and then president, in 2010, followed in rapid succession. When Swedish merged last year with the European giant Scandinavian Tobacco Group, Carr was charged with integrating the U.S. operations of both companies, which also added the C.A.O. brand to his portfolio. Today, Carr is responsible for leading the new company's premium cigar business on a global level.
Recently, Carr sat down in New York City at his company's Club Macanudo cigar bar for a lengthy discussion with senior editor David Savona.
Savona: Let's get to know you a little bit. In 1996 you started with General. Was that your first time in the cigar business?
Carr: Well, yes and no. When I first came out of college in 1983, I went to work with a buddy of mine whose dad had a construction company. It was in Saddle River, New Jersey. We ended up building a warehouse. And the warehouse turned out to be Villazon [then the owner of the Punch and Hoyo de Monterrey cigar brands]. It was my first construction job. The most they let me do was mix the cement. And in 1997 we [General Cigar Co.] ended up buying the company.
Q: What a small world. Does that warehouse still stand today?
A: Yes (laughs).
Q: You did a good job. In 1996 it was the height of the cigar boom. What was it like?
A: It was easy to get an order. It was fast-paced. It was a lot of learning for me. It was really my introduction to premium, luxury goods. We had a lot of growth in that period. The reason I went to General is I sat with the president at the time and I asked him, "What are your objectives?" And he said, "If I don't double the company in three years I failed, if I don't go international I failed, if I don't double the employees I failed, and if I don't take the company public I failed." I left the building and I called my wife and said either I'm doing the smartest thing in my life or I'm doing the dumbest. It's been incredible. It's an extremely challenging business, it's not a traditional consumer packaged products environment, we have to face legislative and regulatory issues, and we have to work on ways to build awareness in a very niche business.
Q: You studied business [at Harvard Business School]. When you heard this description from the president of General, what did you think?
A: It was exciting. I loved the ambition. There was a vision of where this business could go.
Q: What was your role in '96?
A: I actually came in as VP of sales. I got the opportunity to work for Edgar [Cullman], both Sr. and Jr., and did that all the way up to '99 when we got acquired by Swedish Match.
Q: Were you machine-made and handmade back then? Because General had both segments in those days.
A: My role was both.
Q: What are some of the differences between mass-market and handmade?
A: Units for one—I believe the machine-made is roughly seven billion cigars in the U.S. while handmade cigars are estimated at 241 million. Mass market is more about efficiencies. The mass-market side is very data driven. It's fact-based. You've got the human factor on the premium side, and on the premium side, we don't have the data. And a lot of times the [individual store] owner is the buyer on the premium side, which you don't see on the mass side. The other thing is the personalities and the characters. Both have pluses and minuses, but the premium cigar business is a passion. We're working all the time because we love it. We hope we're making an impact.
Q: How many employees does General Cigar have at this time?
A: Around 4,500.
Q: Are most in the Dominican Republic?
A: Yes. Obviously most are in the factories.
Q: I know you're big—how big is General Cigar in the handmade world?
A: In what way?
Q: How many cigars do you make?
A: You know we don't share those things.
Q: OK, then who is bigger than you? In the world of handmade, who is bigger than you?
A: Nobody. We're the largest. With the recent joint venture we strengthened our No. 1 position in the U.S. market. We're very small outside the U.S., we see that as an opportunity. We think we have roughly around a 35 share of the market.
Q: So the Scandinavian Tobacco Group, in the U.S., is No. 1?
A: We were pre, and we are post.
Q: What are some of the advantages that you enjoy because of your size?
A: With size comes resources. With resources comes people. We have the best of both worlds. If you want to buy leaf or grow leaf, if you want to test things, if we want to age tobaccos in a different way, create blends, the different factories that we have—it becomes endless, what you can do. It gives us a lot of dexterity toward creating brand boutiques. If you think about ideation, if you think about technologies, research, planning, if you're one brand, and you have one person in charge, it's extremely difficult to meet the demands of the anticipated opportunities, as well as the challenges, that exist in the market.
Another example if you take a look at our legislative affairs we've got a dedicated team at both the state and federal level. We have a whole in-house legal team, and we're the only premium cigar company that does. We do that to fight for the rights of the cigar industry. I sit on all the boards. And we have a larger lobbying team, both at the federal and state level, than anybody else. We see that as our role. It protects the industry. Again, if you're one person, one brand, there's only so much time in the day. I'm fortunate that I have a talented group of folks within General Cigar that can weave all these different pieces. So we think we can lead, having these resources we think enables us to take the position to work to expand the category, bring more consumers in.
Q: How is the market?
A: We did come off a mini boom from '04 to '06. Our best estimation of what we think the market size is, at that time it was around 314 million cigars. In 2010, we see the market around 241, and imports are 259. With inventories, the number feels about right. If you look going forward, a lot of the challenges are behind us. One never knows, given the business we're in, but we're very optimistic about the future. We think the economic environment will continue to improve. And hopefully some of the bans will start to stabilize.
I think what's amazing about this industry is the resiliency of the industry. The creativity. How do we get to enjoy cigars? The consumer is extremely resilient. This is a passion for him, it's a lifestyle, and they're very creative in the way they enjoy a cigar. I think that will continue. The idea is to get people to understand the lifestyle.
I'd say more things have changed in the last three years than in the last 12 before it. We have kind of a trifecta there, if you look at the economy, social trends and the legislative environment. If you put them all together, those three things hurt the most in the cigar industry. This industry is about celebration. It's about taking an hour and sitting with good friends. When those three things happened, it was a major impact. If you look at the political landscape right now, there are 39 states that have a partial or full smoking ban.
Q: In terms of impact on a cigar company, what's worse? Is a smoking ban worse than a dramatic tax increase?
A: Yes. I will tell you, bar none, bans are the worst for the industry, because you're taking away the occasion. It gets to a tipping point. Taxes, the economy, people can adjust. Bans are tough.
Q: How have people's buying habits changed?
A: We've seen the consumer trade down, we've seen them buy less cigars per occasion. But again, we've seen that changing.
Q: How are General's sales doing?
A: We're growing share. And the latest CAA [Cigar Association of America] data show the category was down 11 percent last year. Obviously we've done a lot better than that. And, again, our objective is to continue to make sure we're bringing the right tools and the right products....
Q: If the category was down 11 percent, and you're growing share, then you weren't down 11 percent. But did you grow last year?
A: We grew share.
Q: But that's not the same as growing. So you're doing better than the category?
A: Yes.
Q: Let's talk about specific brands. You have quite a lot.
A: I would say we have 60. It depends on who you talk to—there's been quotes of about 1,500 brands on the marketplace—how do you define a brand. We would say Macanudo the brand, is the parent, and then you have the children.
Q: So counting Macanudo, Macanudo 1968, Macanudo Crü Royale as one brand, you have 60 brands?
A: Yes, and we have a lot of smaller ones. We have seven core brands—Macanudo, Punch, Partagas, La Gloria Cubana, Cohiba, Hoyo de Monterrey, C.A.O. In the marketing mix, that's where we spend most of our time.
Q: Could you rank these brands in terms of sales? I know you don't like giving numbers, but obviously Macanudo is your biggest brand. What's your second biggest—Punch?
A: Yes.
Q: Can I get number three out of you?
A: Let's stick with those two. C.A.O. is a very big brand. Partagas, La Gloria, and then you're onto Hoyo. Then Cohiba obviously. They're all big in their own right.
Q: You also have a lot of factories. [See sidebar at end for factory list] Does every factory have its own personality to it?
A: Very much. They've all come into the organization differently. And we have different management. Jhonys Diaz oversees all the different factories, but he has different General managers that run the factories in their own way. What you see the same is, the pride level is very, very high, the commitment to quality is very, very high. When you were in Santiago you saw great energy on both sides, but different energy. You can see the teams, they're wearing their own uniforms. Everybody has their own personality but they know they're all part of one company.
Q: What kind of changes have happened since the merger between Swedish Match and Scandinavian Tobacco?
A: I think when you get to the merger side of it, obviously for us we see enormous opportunity to make an even stronger premium cigar company. This is a very exciting time for us. The merger enables us to be a little more flexible when it comes to our goals, and what we want to achieve. It also enables us to get even more support, and that's both domestically and internationally. The other big thing is, when you look at it, it complements the portfolio. C.A.O. is a wonderful complement to the portfolio, and it's cared for by the largest and most innovative sales group out there. For us, it's exciting. The joint venture as a whole was really more focused on outside the U.S. than inside the U.S., but if you look, inside the U.S. is complemented in many ways. C.A.O. is a different brand profile, and it enables us to build on it.
Q: What has changed since the merger with C.A.O.?
A: For the consumer, nothing. Same cigars, same packaging, same everything. The nice thing about it is both companies have been involved in the cigar industry, so it's not like what took place was new. We shared a lot. We gained a lot of very good insight. Our approach is to really learn everything and realize we understand the brand as best that we can. You got to smoke them, taste the tobaccos, understand how they relate to one another. Obviously on the manufacturing process we're learning there as well.
Q: While the consumer won't see a difference, from a corporate standpoint you've moved the C.A.O. headquarters from Nashville to Richmond, and I saw you were making Flavours by C.A.O. in your factory—
A: In Santiago. Since the merger we've defined the overall organization, we basically centralized the corporate headquarters, as well as all the distribution, we integrated the C.A.O. portfolio, we established all the terms and sales for the combined entity. The nice thing about it is we stuck to our core values and are trying to give it as much respect as we can and did it as fast as we possibly could to have minimal disruption.
Q: The STG factory in Estelí is the first Nicaraguan factory for General Cigar. Any plans to make any other cigars there besides C.A.O.?
A: That's the beauty of the new setup. We kind of have a white piece of paper to figure out what we want to do. It gives us more flexibility to leverage the company. Right now we're integrating and that is complete. If you look at the joint venture activity, you had Scandinavian and Swedish Match coming together, which meant C.A.O. and General Cigar coming
together. And you combine that with our relationship with the Plasencia Family.
Q: Talk about the venture with Plasencia—what does that bring to the table?
A: We've had a very long relationship with the Plasencia family. We've procured leaf from them for many years. This helps secure that for the future. And it gives us the opportunity to work together. It'll happen over time.
Q: Describe what the joint venture does.
A: For the Plasencias nothing changes. It's a minority stake, we have 20 percent of the company. [Note: The deal was announced in March 2010, and closed later that year.] It lets us work together even closer. We do a lot of cultivating seeds, we get to share more with each other. It's all about collaboration.
Q: But you buy from other brokers as well?
A: Absolutely.
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Denis Alexander on Understanding Creation Theology
In this video Conversation, Denis Alexander asserts that contemporary Christians are not taking the early chapters of Genesis seriously enough.
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In this video Conversation, Denis Alexander asserts that contemporary Christians are not taking the early chapters of Genesis seriously enough.
Yesterday, biology professors Randy Moore and Sehoya Cotner raised the concern that workshops focused on evolution-related training do not reach creationism-based biology teachers. Today, we'd like to focus on BioLogos' efforts to address that divide through our Biology by the Sea workshops.
As he endeavored to learn more, David was intrigued by Francis Collins book The Language of God because Francis did not present evolution as a rival theory to Christian faith, but as something that described God's method of creation.
In this video, physicist Ard Louis describes that our value and purpose do not come from whether or not we were created by an evolutionary mechanism. Evolution may tell us something about how we were created, but it is not the source of our worth.
In this video, Aaron Daly offers his thoughts on theistic evolution, creation, and how Christians should handle disagreements over these issues. Most of all, Aaron highlights the need for love in our discussions with one another, especially when we disagree.
It is our sincere hope that, above all else, the film can become a focal point for some of the big questions that inevitably arise at the intersection of science and faith.
In this video Conversation, Rev. N.T. Wright responds to the controversy in evangelicalism about evolution. Is this a "culture war" issue?
In this video Conversation, Rev. N.T. Wright responds to the question, "If you take Genesis in a non-literal fashion, especially the creation stories, why take anything in the Bible literally—such as the Gospels? Do you take the Gospels literally?"
To understand and apply Genesis 1 correctly, we have to consider issues of genre and intention. Too often these chapters are read as if they present a purely straightforward historical and even scientific account of cosmic and human origins.
In this video Conversation, Joel Hunter acknowledges the risk that pastors take when preaching on Genesis—and in particular, when they approach it with an attitude of humility, allowing the possibility that the text was not meant to be understood in literal terms.
By all accounts, my faith should have perished the moment I started asking questions about faith and science. All my life I'd been taught that I had to choose—between believing the Bible and believing my science book, between honoring God and embracing evolution.
In these two brief video Conversations, John Walton discusses the problem of trying to integrate ancient scripture with our modern worldview.
In this video Conversation, N.T. Wright explores how the ancient Jewish audience read Genesis before and up to the time that Jesus arrived. He asserts that readers of Genesis today who focus simply on the number of days of creation and whether there is evidence in the text pointing to an old or new earth—are in effect not reading the complete text.
John Walton offers some important reminders in this video with regard to how we should approach a reading of the book of Genesis. While it is a text that is written for us—in the sense that it was written for all people in all times and places—it was not written to us.
Given the stark difference between evolution and six-day creation, many people assume that Darwin's theory shook the foundations of the Christian faith. In truth, the literal six-day interpretation of Genesis 1-2 was not the only perspective held by Christians prior to modern science. St. Augustine (354-430), John Calvin (1509-1564), John Wesley (1703-1791), and others supported the idea of Accommodation. In the Accommodation view, Genesis 1-2 was written in a simple allegorical fashion to make it easy for people of that time to understand. In fact, Augustine suggested that the 6 days of Genesis 1 describe a single day of creation. St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) argued that God did not create things in their final state, but created them to have potential to develop as he intended. The views of these and other Christian leaders are consistent with God creating life by means of evolution.
Even before Darwin published The Origin of Species in 1859, many Christians had already accepted an old Earth. One of the first supporters of evolutionary science in America—Harvard biologist Asa Gray—was a devout Christian. Conservative theologian B. B. Warfield also accepted the science of evolution, and both he and Asa Gray rejected the idea that evolution leads to atheism. Even the authors of The Fundamentals, published between 1910 and 1915, accepted an old earth. It wasn't until a century after Darwin that a large number of evangelicals and fundamentalists began to accept the combination of flood geology and 6-day creation promoted by Seventh-day Adventists.
(Updated on July 10, 2012)
We at BioLogos believe that God used the process of evolution to create all the life on earth today. While we accept the science of evolution, we emphatically reject evolutionism. Evolutionism is the atheistic worldview that says life developed without God and without purpose. Instead, we agree with Christians who adhere to Intelligent Design and Creationism that the God of the Bible created the universe and all life. Christians disagree, however, on how God created. Young Earth Creationists believe that God created just 6,000 to 10,000 years ago and disagree with much of mainstream science. Supporters of Intelligent Design accept more of evolutionary science, but argue that some features of life are best explained by direct intervention by an intelligent agent rather than by God's regular way of working through natural processes. We at BioLogos agree with the modern scientific consensus on the age of the earth and evolutionary development of all species, seeing these as descriptions of how God created. The term BioLogos comes from the Greek words bios (life) and logos (word), referring to the opening of the Gospel of John. "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was with God in the beginning. Through him all things were made."
(Updated on March 1, 2012)
Saving Darwin traces the cultural motivations of the anti-Darwin movement and addresses it in both theological and scientific terms.
A chronicle of the scientific creationism movement explains the beliefs of recent creationists and surveys the scientific and religious responses to evolutionary theory. - Google Books