text: Front Angled view Another look Back Back (with Guide mode display) D3100 image sensor Front (with lens detached) Guide mode display Guide mode display Guide mode display Head-on front view with included 18-55mm lens Hovering in space Included neck strap Information display (horizontal) Information display (horizontal) Information display (vertical) Information display (vertical) Left (with lens attached) Menu display Mode dial Right (with lens attached) Top (lens attached) Top (lens detached) With built-in flash raised With optional Nikon SB400 flash View larger Nikon D3100 Kit 14.2-megapixel digital SLR camera with 18-55mm lens & HD movie mode Item #: 054D3100 30 Reviews This item is no longer available. Original Price: $429.95 Shop all Digital SLR Cameras Need help? 1.888.955.6000 Email Chat Ask an expert advisor No pressure, no commission — just lots of good advice from our highly trained staff. Overview Reviews Details Accessories Articles & Videos by Dave Bar Your child's first trip to the beach. A backyard party with friends and family. That once-in-a-lifetime vacation. Nikon's D3100 makes it easy for anyone to accurately capture the beauty of life's fleeting moments. This feature-rich digital SLR will surprise you with its simplicity, and impress you with superb results. Whether shooting casual snapshots, carefully composed portraits, or colorful HD movie clips, you'll love the ease and precision with which the D3100 does it all. A great first SLR no previous experience required You don't have to be an expert to use the nimble D3100. Its intuitive Guide mode lets even first-time SLR photographers snap gorgeous, detailed images with minimal effort. Simple, step-by-step instructions on the LCD screen help you adjust camera settings to get the exact look you want for your photos. The supplied Nikon image stabilizing zoom lens helps keep your pictures and movies looking sharp, even in low-light shooting environments where camera shake can cause images to blur. Fast, responsive handling If you've ever missed a perfect photo opportunity because your digital camera just couldn't keep up, you'll appreciate the D3100's quickness. Its near-instant start-up time, split-second shutter response, and speedy autofocus make it ready to snap crisp, in-focus shots as soon as you turn it on. A continuous drive mode lets you hold down the shutter button to capture cool action sequences at three frames per second. And of course, you get the fully manual exposure control and focusing capabilities that SLRs are famous for. Save your photos to optional SD memory cards (no memory included). A bright, clear display and lots of cool extras The large, crisp 3" LCD monitor gives you a clear view of the pictures and videos you've taken. Flip a switch to toggle between "live view" shooting using the LCD or framing your shots using the optical viewfinder. Use Nikon's Active D-Lighting in tricky, high-contrast lighting conditions. This mode preserves important photographic details that otherwise might be washed out in brightly lit areas of your picture, or lost in deeply shadowed ones. A wide variety of in-camera editing options let you retouch, enhance and have fun with the look of your images, while leaving the original picture file intact. Product Highlights:14.2-megapixel effective recordingDX-format CMOS image sensor (23.1 x 15.4 mm) for superior low-noise and low-light image performanceAF-S DX Nikkor 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G VR (vibration reduction) lens (35mm equivalent focal length: 27-82.5mm)3X optical zoom (approximate)high-def movie mode with dedicated record button and full-time autofocus3" color LCD screen with live view for composing shots on-screen in real-timeoptical SLR viewfinder (with diopter adjustment)Integrated Dust Reduction System to keep image sensor clean for spotless photosNikon's latest EXPEED 2 image processing engine for more responsive shooting and higher-accuracy photosfast 11-point autofocus system for rapid, precise autofocusingActive D-Lighting mode for better shadow and highlight detail in high-contrast shooting conditionsintelligent pop-up flash and flash exposure compensationin-camera image editing functions, including: red-eye correction, cropping, image overlay, monochrome settings, filter effects, NEF (RAW) processing, miniature effect (tilt-shift), color outline, and perspective controlwarranty: 1 year camera body, 5 years lensOur 60-day money-back guaranteeCompatible Lenses:AF-S and AF-I Nikkor lenses: all autofocus and metering functions supportedAF Nikkor lenses (type G or D) not equipped with an autofocus motor: all functions supported except autofocusExposure Modes and Controls:continuous shooting mode: 3 frames per secondshutter speed range: 30-1/4,000 seconds, bulbsensitivity or ISO (film speed equivalent) range: 100-12,800program auto, scene modes, shutter-priority, aperture-priority, manual, and fully automatic exposure modesflash sync at up to 1/200 secondFile Formats and Storage:image storage modes: JPEG (Fine, Normal, Basic), RAW (NEF), and RAW+JPEG (Fine)JPEG options (pixels): 4,608 x 3,072; 3,456 x 2,304; 2,304 x 1,536movie mode: up to 1080p (1920 x 1080 resolution at 24 frames per second with mono sound and full-time autofocus)accepts optional SD/SDHC, and SDXC memory cardsConnections and Dimensions:high-speed USB interface (USB cable not included)Mini HDMI output (type C connector, cable not included)video output (video cable not included)accessory terminal (accepts optional Nikon MC-DC2 remote shutter release cord and GP-1 GPS unit)4-15/16"W x 3-13/16"H x 5-3/4"D (with lens attached)weight (body only): 16 oz.supplied lens weight: 9.2 oz.Supplied Accessories:18-55mm vibration reduction Nikon lensrechargeable EN-EL14 lithium ion batterybattery chargeradjustable neck strapbody capsoftware CD-ROM (PC and Mac) Develop your photography hobby You don't have to be an expert photographer to use an SLR they all offer easy automatic shooting. Because of their build quality and the physics of good glass and large sensors, even their built-in automatic settings will get you better pictures than most point-and-shoots or mobile devices. But experienced photographers and budding hobbyists can get more creative by manually adjusting settings like aperture and shutter speed. SLRs let you expand your shooting options with additional lenses and flashes to suit just about any situation. If you'd like to record the occasional video, look for a model with high-def movie mode. Nikon D3100 Kit Reviews Average Customer Review: 30 reviews Review this product Submit a review and then enter to win a $350 rewards card Filter by rating: 5 Star: (0) 4 Star: (0) 3 Star: (0) 2 Star: (0) 1 Star: (0) Review this product: Thanks for taking the time to share your experiences about this product. Please be sure to focus your comments on the product itself. Read our Review Guidelines for more information. Review title * Email Your email won't be visible. Please use the email address that is associated with your order. Display name (e.g., JohnD) Your review will be signed using the display name and location * Your location (e.g., Charlottesville, VA) * Your rating Click on a star to rate the overall product on a scale of 1-5 Rate the following specific attributes Value Ease of Use "Coolness Factor" Picture Quality Features 1500 characters left * Your review Attach a YouTube Review Crutchfield Video Review Guidelines Only submit videos that you made or are authorized to use. Do not submit videos that contain music, video or visuals that are copyrighted and belong to someone else. Please see our Review Guidelines for more information. Enter the URL of your YouTube™ video review or product demonstration. e.g., "http://www.youtube.com/v/o79TWHh598U" 500 characters left Pros 500 characters left Cons * Agree to Terms By checking this box you agree your review becomes the property of Crutchfield, that you are over 18 years of age, that you own or have owned this product, and that you are located within the United States or its territories. Please see our Review Guidelines for more information. We reserve the right (but are not obligated to) review all submissions and edit or remove any review in any manner which we deem necessary. Your review should be posted within seven days. Great Value Written By William E, Linville, VA on Thursday, January 23, 2014 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value The Nikon D3100 is a great value for those who want more than a point and shoot camera. This camera harkens me back to the old film days and manual settings. This camera work great on full auto settings, but it nice to be able to easily set my exposure to my liking. Even my 40 year old Nikkor lens works on this camera in full manual mode. Auto focus is very fast so you don't miss those action shots. The flash recovery time is faster than I thought it would be, and you can even use it for a fill flash. Buying from Crutchfield I knew if there was something wrong of if I didn't like it, I could return it hassle free. Pros: Easy to learn and use. Great beginners DSLR camera. Cons: Haven't found any yet. Was this review helpful? Yes No D3100 Review Written By Glenn, Dallas on Friday, October 18, 2013 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value I am a professional photographer, but my D3 is a bit much to lug around for personal use. I bought the D3100 as a small, light personal camera that I can also shoot video with. So far, I'm quite pleased with it. Pros: Compact, lightweight, controls are similar to my Nikon D3, so I didn't have to learn much. Image sharpness is good, colors are good in RAW mode (see cons), the display is big for the size camera, and the menus are easy to use. Cons: In JPEG modes, the camera over-processes the images too much for my tastes, so I shoot in RAW mode, and convert to JPEG in Photoshop as needed. That is a bit of a PITA, but the images look good. 4 out of 4 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Love this camera! Written By Awilson, Metter, GA on Monday, June 10, 2013 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value Origanlly bought this camera from another company and asked the to ship ASAP - after 2 days and no tracking #, I called and found out that they were out of stock and had not shipped my camera yet. Cancelled my order and called Crutchfield - they shipped the same day and I got it within 2 days!!! Great Service~ Love this camera. Easy to understand and use. Love the video feature. Pros: Easy to use!!! Nice pictures. Love the easy video feature. Nice not to have to take a camera and video recorder on vacation. Cons: Havent found one so far 1 out of 2 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Nikon D3100 Kit Written By JimG, Dexter, NY on Wednesday, May 15, 2013 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value Bought this for my son who recently moved to Alaska. He says that it is very easy to use and not to heavy. Turn on time is quick which is important when taking unexpected animal shots. The pictures he sends to us are clear and bright. I would recommend this camera for anyone. Pros: Quick turn on time, Crisp looking pictures, light weight 2 out of 2 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No B3100 Written By Dave, Palmyra, VA on Thursday, May 02, 2013 "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value My first DSLR and I am very pleased with it so far. Have not taken many pictures yet but the one's I have are great. Pros: Value, easy to use and great picture quality Cons: Nothng Yet!! 1 out of 1 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Great Camera Written By Rob M, New York on Monday, April 22, 2013 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value Great Camera, takes fast pictures and very clear pictures! 1 out of 2 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Great camera! Written By Amzona, Gilbert AZ on Friday, March 15, 2013 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value The Nikon D3100 is first DSLR and it's been so much fun to use. I know some other reviews had weight as a con but I have small hands and it fits perfectly in them and it is not heavy at all. and even with a 55-300 lens attached it's not too bad. . I also love the cheats like portrait, sports, landscape that is similar to my point and shoot, they come in handy when you need to take a quick picture and don't want to waste time figuring out what settings to use. It's a great first camera to learn on Pros: so quick to take a great picture with little fuss Cons: none that I have found so far. 4 out of 4 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Very Pleased Written By AJC, Tokyo, Japan on Friday, January 11, 2013 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value The Nikon 3100 is my first DSLR. I'd always enjoyed the simplicity of a 'point-and-click' digital camera, but wanted to a more capable camera to capture kids and travel. The 3100 has fit the bill. Without much effort, I began taking some really breathtaking shots. Since my original purchase, I've added a 55-200 zoom lens and 35mm prime lens to my kit, and with the 3100 I've been able to turn a nascent interest in better pictures into a budding hobby. At some point, I'll probably 'trade up' to a much fancier suite of equipment, but if you're thinking of moving out of the 'point-and-click' market into the DSLR market, the 3100 is a very capable and fun platform for that transition. Pros: Great photos, ease of use. Cons: None that I've seen. 4 out of 4 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Nikon D3100 Kit Written By Jay Z., Saratoga Springs NY on Friday, November 23, 2012 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value Over all I like the camera. My only complaint is the lens does not zoom in as well as I thought it was going too. 1 out of 5 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Very Happy BIRTHDAY GIRL Written By BIRTHDAY GIRL, Arrington, VA on Tuesday, November 13, 2012 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value I REALLY love this camera!!! It takes the best photos and I got such a great deal on it. The price was a steal for this quality of a camera--what's even more impressive is that I called Crutchfield a couple weeks after purchasing it (because I forgot to use a gift certificate I had when purchasing the camera) and the camera had dropped in price. They refunded my credit card, applied the gift certificate AND gave me the difference in the cost of the camera!!! I love Crutchfield! Pros: EXCELLENT shot--very quick and rarely blurry. Cons: Kind of heavy and big. 7 out of 7 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Nikon D3100 Kit Written By S NYE, Plattsburgh NY on Thursday, October 11, 2012 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value I bought this as a birthday gift for my son. I have owned many Nikon cameras , I thought this was a great time for my son. Pros: Easy to use ,Quality photos, great first DSLR to start out on Cons: none 2 out of 2 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Great photos Written By Mike in Napa, Napa, CA on Friday, May 25, 2012 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value My wife had expressed interest in getting a better camera so she could get better pictures of our two young kids. I bought the Nikon D3100 for her birthday. She loved it and in the first weekend we had frame worthy shots before we really even learned how to use it. This camera has a lot of features that we will have to learn to use but as novices, we are already enjoying the quality of the photos. Pros: Outstanding picture quality right out of the box. Cons: As beginners, it will take some time to figure out all the features. 4 out of 4 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Great light SLR Written By J. W, Edwardsburg, MI on Tuesday, April 17, 2012 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value This is a great little, light-weight DSLR. I got it to replace a broken D70 and look forward to it serving my young family for years. I'm looking forward to using the video feature, but am disappointed it is hard capped at a 10 minunte recording length, that means I still need the video camera for sports events. The large size Jpeg image files look good even at 1920 x 1080 on my 27" monitor, I'm sure they'll print out clearly in any size I need as well. Pros: Size & weight. Standard DX lenses. pop-up flash and accessory/flash shoe. Usual gamut of well-designed and well-made Nikon accessories and options. The Guide option could be used by budding photogs to try and learn about settings. Cons: 10 minute hard cap on video recording. 5 out of 5 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Excellent Preformance Written By Mario, Manati, P.R. on Friday, March 30, 2012 Luego de gastar en opciones Point & Shoot, tuve que detenerme y evaluar que busco en una camara, fue cuando consulté a GIL de Cruchtfield, quien tuvo la paciencia de escucharme y descubrir que lo que yo buscaba no lo podia encontrar en una camara digital corriente. Soy un aficionado de la fotografia, no tengo los conocimientos tecnicos, pero gracias a la ayuda de Gil, me di la oportunidad de probar por fin una SLR que no arruinara mi bolsillo y que me diera la calidad que yo buscaba. Es bueno que te orienten con objetividad y conforme al presupuesto que tenenmos. Muy complacido una vez mas del servicio sin presedentes de Cruchtfield y sus asociados. Gracias Gil. Buen Trabajo!! Having spent previously on Point & Shoot options, I had to stop and evaluate what I was looking for in a camera, and that's when I consulted with GIL from Crutchfield, who had the patience to listen to me and discover what I was looking for but hadn't been able to find in a digital camera. I'm a photography fan, I don't have a lot of technical knowledge, but thanks to Gil's help, I finally got the opportunity to try an SLR that wouldn't break the bank and that would give me the quality I was looking for. It's good that they advise you objectively and according to the budget that you have. Very happy one more time with the unprecedented good service of Crutchfield and its associates. Thanks Gil. Great job!! Pros: Una guia para ir conociendo las capacidades de la camara. Respuesta rapida en los shooting y setting de la camara! A guide to help you learn to use the camera's functions. Fast answers on shooting and setting the camera! Cons: La Pantalla LCD no captura la calidad real de la foto, es solo una referencia, solamente 230,000 dots. The LCD screen doesn't capture the true quality of the photo, it's only a reference, only 230,000 dots. Crutchfield response on Tuesday, May 08, 2012 Translation provided by Crutchfield's Spanish Sales & Support team. Visit our new Spanish-language site at www.crutchfieldenespanol.com: 1 out of 6 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Great middle of the road camera Written By Kristin, Upstate, NY on Tuesday, March 20, 2012 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Ease of Use Features Picture Quality Value I was looking for a DSLR that wasn't too expensive, easy to use, decent image quality and I'll be honest, a Nikon. I've used Nikons since I worked at a camera shop many many years ago. The ease of use with this camera is so great. The LV switch got me at first but that was a quick dismissal just realizing that even though I prefer the old school viewfinder, it is nice seeing the image on the screen. I haven't grabbed any of my other K-mount lenses to try with it but I'm looking forward to trying it out even if I can't use the auto focus. I would say that this is a great camera for the cost and the shipping here at Crutchfield is very fast! Pros: cost, K-mount, size Cons: can't think of any yet! 4 out of 4 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Nikon D3100 Kit Written By Anonymous, Livonia Michigan on Saturday, July 02, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) Love it 1 out of 6 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Disappointed Written By Gary, Ellicott City, MD on Monday, June 27, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) The pictures are no better than my $200 point and shoot. It doesn't seem to focus well. A photo of a butterfly is terribly out of focus, though the focus point (as shown on ViewNX 2) is right on the butterfly. On a number of occasions outdoors, the "low light" indicator came on at 100 ISO. I spent too long playing with the camera, testing it out, and so I am past the 60 day trial period Crutchfield provides. There may be something wrong with my camera, so my next step may be to get warranty service. But I want to play with it for a while longer before deciding it's a camera problem. The camera has a good feel to it, though. I just wish it took better photos. 7 out of 32 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Awesome camera Written By Pete, New York on Wednesday, June 15, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) This is my first dslr. I owned an slr years ago but when I went digital I went to point and shoot cameras. I'm very happy with this purchase I just wish the kit lens had a little more magnification. I'm now in the process of buying a zoom lens. I don't know a lot about DSLRs but this camera is easy to use and after a few weeks I have learned to use some of the manual settings. I took some shots in a school auditorium which were not bad and even though the subject was 50 feet away the flash was effective. The ability to make video clips was a major reason why I chose this camera. The quality of the video image is really sharp but also a bit jumpy due to the 24fps. The auto focus settings in video mode take some getting used to. Overall, I'm happy with this camera and with Crutchfield. 7 out of 7 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Nikon D3100 Kit Written By Anonymous, Madera, CA on Tuesday, April 26, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) Great for families and vacations. 2 out of 6 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Exelente Written By Carlos, Puerto Rico, Manati on Friday, April 22, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) Excellent camera. You don't have to be a photography expert to get professional-looking photos. Image quality is surprisingly good. This camera is better for daylight photos, as the flash it has will work well in the late afternoon/dusk, but for taking photos at night, I recommend the flash they sell separately. I bought the Speedlight SB-700 flash and in combination with the Nikon D-3100 camera, they'll make your photos a dream, looking totally professional. I also bought the carrying bag for the camera which included a photography guide I've used a lot to get to know the marvelous things this camera can do, which I recommend to anyone who buys to understand all the different ways to get that great image we're all looking for. 13 out of 13 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Wife's 1st nice camera Written By Mike, Santa Barbara on Monday, March 28, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) I got this camera for my wife as she seems to have an eye for good pictures. I was very impressed with the array of features this camera offers. The build quality and ease of use were the primary factors in buying this camera. My wife loves it and I love the great pictures she's been taking. 7 out of 9 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Love It! Written By AmyM, Maine on Saturday, March 26, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) I absolutely love this camera. After spending hundreds of dollars or worthless point and shoot cameras, I had enough. I have four kids ages 12, 10, 10, and 5. They play all kind of sports and do all sorts of activities. I was sick of blurry shots of my children playing sports. We finally decided to invest in a more expensive camera and an additional lens. I have never had anything besides a point and shoot camera and I was worried that it would be too difficult for me to figure out. I was wrong. I can't believe how easy this camera is to use. It also came with a dvd that explains its features and that was so helpful. We almost bought the d3000 and one of our friends bought that instead, but I am glad we got the d3100. The d3100's ability to easily take continuous action shots makes this model worth it for me. Our friend's camera is suppose to be able to do the same thing, but after several weeks, she couldn't figure out how to get it to work. It isn't a matter of just flipping a little switch like this one is. I am very pleased with this camera's ability to take pictures in gymnasiums and it's ability to take wonderful action shots. We also took the camera to Disney World, and got great photos there too. If you are considering upgrading from a point and shoot camera, this is a great camera. 18 out of 19 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Great Product Written By Brad, St.Cloud,FL on Wednesday, March 16, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) This is the first SLR camera I have ever owned. I can definitely say, anyone that has a complaint about this camera, does not know what there talking about. It takes excellent pictures as long as you take the time to learn the camera. 5 out of 7 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Great camera, great service Written By Ceebs15, Boston, MA on Thursday, February 10, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) This is a great camera--takes beautiful shots, and I haven't even started to figure out the ins and outs! It has a variety of shooting modes, which make it easy to take stunning photos in just about any condition. Highly recommended for a first-time SLR user, and most likely for seasoned vets as well! 4 out of 5 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Awesome Camera!! Written By Sonny, Grand Rapids, MI on Tuesday, January 18, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) We LOVE this camera. We upgraded from the Nikon D40, which we also loved. However, the additional clarity and versatility of this camera are truly amazing. We recently took family photos and enlarged a print to 20"x30". Even at that size, the print came out looking spectacular! Very good low light performance. Most photos that would have required a flash using our D40 we can now take relying on natural lighting alone. It is very simple to operate, yet has all of the features an amateur enthusiast would need to customize any photograph manually. The only small criticism I can think of is that it is a little slow to release the shutter when shooting in live preview mode (using the LCD as a live viewfinder). 2 recommendations: purchase the SB-600 Nikon speed light and a lens with a very large aperture to ensure you can adequately light any situation and have a narrow enough depth of field to make portraits look great. 10 out of 10 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Good first SLR Written By David C., Houston, TX on Monday, January 17, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) This is our first SLR camera and so far we have been very pleased with the quality of the pictures it takes. Easy to use too! Just wish I had got the zoom lens as well. 2 out of 3 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Professional Photos at an Amateur Price Written By J. Laman, Erie, IL on Monday, December 27, 2010 After a ton of searching and looking over different specs I decided on this camera and could not be happier! Likes: -Clear, crips, bright photos - Easy to handle and set up - Quality accessories - Fun and easy to use software - Easy video mode - Great quality camera body Dislikes: - could be a better lens (though for the price I can't really complain) - no USB cord included (this is the ONLY thing that really bothered me) 2 out of 2 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Point and shoot on steroids Written By jc, Birmingham,AL on Tuesday, November 30, 2010 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) Finally making the move to digital from film, it just became too much trouble to find film, especially slides and processing is at the mercy of a drug store clerk. I first purchased a Coolpix L110 which don't get me wrong is an excellent point and shoot with optional program enhancements, but the D3100 is the next level. Having a film background I found the view finder and zoom control to be invaluable. 14 meg is also the next step over 10 and 12 which is going by the wayside. This camera is user friendly and when you combine Crutchfield and Nikon you can't lose. 3 out of 3 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No It's a great first DSLR Written By P P, CA on Monday, October 18, 2010 It's a great first DSLR camera. -light -good feel -takes great pictures There are two cons in my opinion: - rear LCD could be of a higher resolution -HD recording should be for as long as you have available memory, not a soft time limit Wish list: -Wish the kit came with the 18 - 105mm lens that the D90 comes with -Slightly bigger right hand grip 3 out of 4 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Best value for the money Written By LoveDSLR, Wheeling,IL on Thursday, September 09, 2010 This is my second DSLR camera, my first one being NikonD40x. Following are four primary reasons for buying Nikon D3100: 1. FullHD 1080p with auto focus in Video mode (this is lacking in Canon 550D). 2. Body design -compact & light weight with same 3" LCD (though LCD pixel density was more on Canon 550D). 3. Nikon's Guide Mode with intuitive controls and on-board assistance (this is lacking in Canon 550D) 4. Most important one - Best value for money, compared to Canon 550D which cost apprx $200 more than D3100. 30 out of 34 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Hands-on research Features and specs chart | What's in the box? | In-depth notes What's in the box? Download owner's manual D3100 Camera body with body cap and accessory shoe cover installed Viewfinder eyepiece cover EN-EL14 (7.4V/1030mAh/7.7Wh) Lithium Ion battery pack with plastic terminal cap MH-24 battery charger Nylon adjustable shoulder strap AF-S DX Nikkor 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G VR lens with front (52mm) and rear lens caps installed 2 Ferrite Core noise filters (1 large/1 small) Nikon ViewNX2 Software CD-ROM Nikon Reference Manual CD-ROM User Manual (English) User Manual (Spanish) Quick Start Guide (English) Quick Start Guide (Spanish) Nikon Digital Imaging Limited Warranty sheet Lens Warranty card Lens Extended Warranty form Product Registration card Manual error sheet Features and Specs General LCD Screen Size 3" Adjustable-angle LCD No Wi-Fi No GPS-enabled Optional Lens 35mm Equivalent 27-82.5mm Optical Zoom 3x Digital Zoom N/A Filter Diameter 52mm Manual Focusing Yes Manual Exposure Yes Built-in Flash Yes HDMI Output Mini Memory Internal Memory None Memory Media SD/SDHC/SDXC Image Effective Megapixel Count 14.2 Total Megapixels 14.8 Image Stabilization Optical Highest Resolution 4608 x 3072 HD Video Recording 1920 x 1080, 1280 x 720 Dimensions Width (inches) 4-15/16 Height (inches) 3-13/16 Depth (inches) 5-3/4 Weight With Battery (ounces) 26.9 Warranty Parts Warranty 1Y body, 5Y lens w/reg Labor Warranty 1Y body, 5Y lens w/reg Product Research Recording Features Lens Features Playback, Editing And Printing Functions Connections Battery Information Supplied Software Image Capacity Recording Features Overview: The Nikon D3100 18-55mm VR Kit includes the Nikon D3100 digital SLR camera body and the AF-S DX Nikkor 18-55mm, f/3.5-5.6G VR Image Stabilization Zoom Lens. The kit also includes a EN-EL14 rechargeable Lithium Ion battery pack and a battery charger. LCD Monitor: The Nikon D3100 has a 3" TFT LCD monitor featuring approximately 230,000 dots and adjustable brightness (-3 to +3). The large 3-inch LCD monitor has large fonts with easy-to-view menus. The monitor can display shooting information such as shutter speed, aperture, and number of exposures remaining as well as the settings currently applied. You can choose from a classic information display or a graphic display. Live View: The camera features One-Touch Live View, which allows you to frame your photographs in the monitor instead of the viewfinder. When the Live View switch is rotated, the mirror is raised and the view through the lens will be displayed in the monitor. The subject will no longer be visible in the viewfinder. The Live View display will show up to 10 items, including shooting, focus, and AF-area modes, along with other status indicators. You can opt to hide many of the indicators, or overlay a framing grid in the monitor. Optical Viewfinder: The D3100 uses a fixed eye-level penta-mirror single-lens reflex viewfinder with a built-in diopter adjustment to set the viewfinder to your personal eyesight (with or without glasses). The viewfinder's coverage area is approximately 95% horizontal and vertical. During self-timer or remote control operation when your eye does not cover the viewfinder eyepiece, stray light may enter the eyepiece and affect the exposure when the image is captured. To prevent this, you can use the supplied eyepiece cap to cover the eyepiece. Image Sensor: The D3100 features a 23.1mm x 15.4mm CMOS image sensor with a total pixel count of approximately 14.8 million pixels and an effective pixel count of approximately 14.2 million. Dust Reduction System: The image sensor is equipped with a low-pass filter to remove dust or dirt on the sensor. You can set the camera to clean the image sensor automatically at startup, or at shut down, or both. It can also be set to turn the auto cleaning function off. Recording Media: The camera records images on Secure Digital (SD) memory cards up to 2 GB in size, SDHC memory cards up to 32 GB, and SDXC cards up to 64 GB. No SD cards are included with the camera. Still Image Formats: The D3100 records still images in JPEG and NEF (RAW) formats. You can choose from the following Image Quality and Image Size settings: Quality Option (Compression ratio) Available Image Sizes Description NEF (Raw) 4608 x 3072 Raw 12-bit data from the image sensor is saved directly to the memory card in compressed Nikon Electronic Format (NEF). NEF + JPEG Fine 4608 x 3072 Two images are recorded, one NEF image and one fine-quality JPEG image. Fine (1:4) L: 4608 x 3072 M: 3456 x 2304 S: 2304 x 1536 Fine image quality, suitable for enlargements or high-quality prints. Normal (1:8) Normal image quality, suited to most applications Basic (1:16) Basic image quality, suitable for pictures that will be distributed by e-mail or used in web pages. Movie Recording: The D3100 records movies in High Definition in 16:9 aspect ratio and Standard Definition in 3:2. Movies are recorded in MOV file format, with H.264/MPEG-4 advanced video coding, and Linear PCM audio, recorded by the built-in monaural microphone. The maximum clip length is 10 minutes. The only metering method available is Matrix. Movies can be recorded in the following frame sizes and rates: Frame Size (pixels) Frame Rate (frames per second) 1920 x 1080 (16:9) 24 fps (actually 23.976) 1280 x 720 (16:9) 30 fps (29.97) 1280 x 720 (16:9) 25 fps (for PAL displays) 1280 x 720 (16:9) 24 fps (23.976) 640 x 424 (3:2) 24 fps (23.976) Focus Modes: The D3100's advanced 3-Area AF system and the refined algorithms inherited from more advanced Nikon digital SLR cameras deliver fast, efficient and precise Autofocus. AF refinements deliver greater precision with fast, more consistent subject acquisition and improved focus tracking for consistently sharper pictures. You can choose from the following autofocus and manual focus modes: AF-A: Camera automatically selects single-servo autofocus if subject is stationary, and continuous-servo autofocus if subject is moving. Single-servo Autofocus (AF-S): For stationary subjects. Focus locks when shutter-release button is pressed halfway. Continuous-servo Autofocus (AF-C): For moving subjects. Camera focuses continuously while shutter release button is pressed halfway. Manual (M): Manual focus is available for lenses that do not support autofocus (non-AF Nikkor lenses) or when autofocus does not produce the desired results. AF Assist Illuminator: The built-in AF assist illuminator enables the camera to focus even when the subject is poorly lit. This feature will light automatically to assist the autofocus operation when the shutter release button is pressed halfway. It has an operating range of 1'-8" to 9'-10". AF-Area Modes: The D3100 offers a choice of five focus areas that together cover a wide area of the frame. The AF-area mode determines how the focus area is selected and what happens if the subject moves out of the selected focus area while the camera is still focusing. You can choose one of the following AF-area modes: Single Point: You select the focus area manually and the camera focuses on the subject in the selected focus area only. The selection can be made from any one of the eleven AF spot sensors. Dynamic Area: In AF-A and AF-C modes, user selects focus point manually but camera will focus based on information from surrounding focus points if subject briefly leaves the selected point. In AF-S focus mode, you select the focus point manually. Auto Area: Camera automatically detects subject and selects focus point. 3D-Tracking (11 points): In AF-A and AF-C focus modes, you select the focus point using the multi-selector. If subject moves after camera has focused, camera uses 3D tracking to select new focus point and keep focus locked on original subject while shutter release pressed halfway. If subject leaves viewfinder, you will need to remove finger from shutter release button and recompose photo with subject in the selected focus point. Focus Lock: Focus Lock can be used to change the composition after focusing, making it possible to focus on a subject that will not be in one of the focus points in the final composition. Release Modes: The camera can take pictures one at a time, or continuously as long as the shutter release button is pressed. You can also take photos using the self-timer or with an optional remote control. The camera allows you to choose from the following Release Modes: Single Frame: The camera takes one photograph each time the shutter release button is pressed Continuous: The camera records photographs up to 3 frames per second while the shutter release button is held down. In this mode, you can get continuous bursts of up to 100 JPEG images. The fast framing rates that contribute to the ability to capture moments in time instantly, along with high-speed buffer memory handling, fast image processing, high-speed SD memory card access and large system bus bandwidth help to make this feature possible. You cannot use the built-in flash with this mode. Self-timer: This mode can be used to reduce camera shake or for self-portraits. The shutter is released about 10 or 2 seconds after shutter-release button is pressed depending on setting. Quiet Shutter Release: The camera takes a single photograph, as in Single Frame mode, except that the camera makes no shutter sound when shooting or beep when focusing. Nikon 3D Color Matrix Metering II: The D3100's 3D Color Matrix Metering II evaluates each scene for brightness, color, contrast, size and position of shadows and highlights, selected focus area and camera-to-subject distance, comparing that information against an onboard database of more than 30,000 actual photographic scenes. The result delivers instantly and precisely determined exposures for each scene, even in challenging lighting conditions. Metering: You can choose from the following Metering Modes to determine how the camera sets exposure: Matrix: Produces natural results in most situations. Camera uses 420-pixel RGB sensor to meter a wide area of the frame and set exposure according to tone distribution, color, composition, and with type G or D lenses, range information. (See 3D Color Matrix Metering II above). With other CPU lenses, the camera uses color matrix metering II, which does not include 3D range information. Center-weighted: The camera meters the entire frame but assigns greatest weight to center area. Spot: The camera meters exposure in active focus point only. This ensures that the subject will be correctly exposed, even when background is much brighter or darker. Shooting Modes: The Mode Dial on the top of the camera offers a choice of shooting modes: Auto Modes: Auto: The camera handles exposure, shutter-speed, ISO sensitivity and White balance so you can just point and shoot. Auto Flash Off: Captures scenes using only available lighting. Ideal for museums, weddings or any situation where a flash is prohibited or inappropriate. Scene Auto Selector: When in Live View in Auto or Auto Flash Off modes, the camera will automatically analyze the subject and select the appropriate shooting mode when autofocus is enabled. Modes that can be selected include: portrait, landscape, close up, and night portrait (see descriptions below). P, S, A, and M Modes: Programmed Auto: Choose from one of the automatically selected shutter speed/aperture combinations and allows control over exposure compensation, metering and other features. Shutter-Priority Auto: You determine the shutter speed to freeze or blur motion, while the camera decides the ideal aperture. Aperture-Priority Auto: Simply select the aperture to control the depth-of-field and the camera determines the ideal shutter speed. Manual: Choose both the shutter speed and the aperture on your own. You can refer to the electronic analog exposure display of the camera for help with appropriate exposures. Scene Modes: Portrait: Keeps your main subject in sharp focus with a soft background for more pleasing portraits. Landscape: Ideal for beautiful scenery with great perspectives and optimized greens and blues. Child: Delivers fresh, natural skin tones for stunning shots of children. Clothing also vividly rendered. Sports: Freezes fast-moving subjects easily. Close Up: Find beauty in small details by focusing sharply on a small area with a softly blurred background. Ideal for flowers and coins or other small treasures. Night Portrait: Capture your main subject in low light while retaining a natural looking background exposure. Guide Mode: The Guide Mode provides a menu for shooting, viewing and deleting, and set up. In this mode, the camera provides you step-by-step guidance for basic automatic shooting, as well as Advanced Operation. Easy Operation selections include: Auto, No flash, Distant Subjects, Close-ups, Sleeping Faces, Moving Subjects, Landscapes, Portraits, and Night Portraits. Advanced Operation selections include: Soften backgrounds, Bring More Into Focus, Freeze Motion (People), Freeze Motion (Vehicles), and Show Water Flowing. AE/AF Lock: If your subject is off-centered in the frame, it can become difficult to achieve proper exposure and focus. By engaging the AE/AF Lock feature, you can focus and meter on your subject, lock the exposure and focus by pressing the shutter release button halfway, then recompose your shot before taking the picture. You can choose from the following AE/AF Lock settings. AE/AF Lock: both focus and exposure lock while the AE/AF lock button is pressed AE Lock: exposure locks while the AE/AF lock button is pressed while the focus is unaffected AF Lock: focus locks while the AE/AF lock button is pressed while the exposure is unaffected align AE Lock Hold: exposure locks when the AE/AF lock button is pressed and remains locked until the button is pressed again AF-On: the AE/AF button initiates autofocus while the shutter-release button cannot be used to focus Exposure Compensation: You can alter the exposure from the value suggested by the camera, making pictures brighter or darker. You can adjust the exposure from -5.0 to +5.0 EV in 1/3 EV steps. Noise Reduction: This option controls whether photographs taken at high sensitivities (over ISO 400) or shutter speeds slower than 8 seconds are processed to reduce noise before being recorded to the memory card. If turned off, noise reduction will only be performed at ISO sensitivities over ISO 800, and does not apply to noise caused by slow shutter speeds. White Balance: White balance is used to preserve natural colors under different types of lighting. When the camera is set to one of the exposure modes, you can choose one of the following white balance options: Auto: The white balance is automatically adjusted to suit the lighting conditions. Incandescent: This is used under incandescent lighting situations. Fluorescent: This is used for most fluorescent lighting conditions. Direct Sunlight: This is for use with subjects that are under direct sunlight. Flash: This is for use with built-in Speedlight or optional Nikon Speedlights are used. Cloudy: This is used when taking pictures under overcast skies. Shade: This is used under sunny skies when subject is in shade. Preset: A white object is used as reference to set white balance under unusual lighting conditions. Note: In addition to the the basic White Balance options, the camera features advanced White Balance (color temperature) settings for specific types of lighting. You can choose from Sodium-vapor lamps, Incandescent/Warm-white fluorescent, White fluorescent, Cool-white fluorescent, Day white fluorescent, Daylight fluorescent, and Mercury-vapor lamps. ISO Sensitivity: ISO Sensitivity is the digital equivalent of film speed. When lighting is poor, the camera will automatically increase sensitivity, permitting faster exposures, and minimizing blur caused by inadvertent camera movement, up to a maximum equivalent of ISO 3200. Using the ISO button and main command dial, you can manually select from ISO settings 100 to 3200, with incremental steps of 1EV. You can also choose HI 1 (ISO 6400 equivalent) or HI 2 (ISO 12800 equivalent) for even higher sensitivity. Active D-Lighting: Nikon's Active D-Lighting can correct exposure issues due to difficult lighting conditions instantly and automatically while you shoot. Active D-Lighting preserves details in highlights and shadows, creating photographs with natural contrast. Speedlight With i-TTL Automatic Flash Control: Nikon's innovative i-TTL flash control evaluates flash exposure with incredible precision to achieve better automatic flash balance and deliver outstanding results. The built-in Speedlight is always ready to bring beautiful exposures to darkened conditions, as well as add sparkle for fill flash in outdoor situations for enhanced twilight shots or an added impact to daylight images. In low-light or back-light situations, added illumination from the built-in Speedlight can make the difference between an average snapshot and a great picture. You can choose one of the following flash modes: TTL: output of built-in Speedlight is adjusted automatically in response to shooting conditions Manual: allows you to adjust the power of the Speedlight to one of the following settings: 1/32 power, 1/16 power, 1/8 power, 1/4 power, 1/2 power, or Full power Flash Sync Modes: The camera offers the following flash sync modes depending upon the shooting mode selected: Off: flash does not fire even when lighting is poor or subject is backlit Auto: When lighting is poor or the subject is back lit, flash pops up automatically when shutter-release button is pressed halfway. Red-eye Reduction: reduces the red-eye effect sometimes caused by flash Slow Sync: flash is combined with shutter speeds as slow as 30 seconds to capture both subject and background at night or under dim light Slow Sync with Red-eye Reduction: combines red-eye reduction with slow sync Rear-curtain Sync: The flash fires just before the shutter closes, creating effect of stream of light following moving subjects Fill Flash: flash will fire whenever a picture is taken Flash Exposure Compensation: In P, S, A, and M modes, the flash exposure compensation can be used to increase or reduce flash output from the level chosen by the camera's flash control system. The flash exposure compensation can be set to values between -3 EV (darker) and +1 EV (brighter) in increments of 1/3 EV. Accessory Shoe: The camera's integrate accessory shoe located above the viewfinder allows you to connect optional SB-series Speedlights. The shoe is equipped with a safety lock for flash units with a locking pin, such as the SB-900, SB-800, SB-600, and SB-400. The camera supports the Nikon Creative Lighting System (CLS) and can be used with CLS-compatible flash units. Histogram: The D3100 features the ability to view a histogram on the LCD monitor screen. A histogram is a graph showing the distribution of tones in the image. Image Enhancement: When the camera is set to one of the P, S, A, or M modes, you can choose from the following image enhancement options: Standard: Standard processing for balanced results--recommended for most situations. Neutral: Minimal processing for natural results. Choose for photos that will later be extensively processed or retouched. Vivid: Pictures are enhanced for a vivid photoprint effect. Choose for photographs that emphasize primary colors. Monochrome: takes photos in black and white Portrait: lowers contrast while lending natural texture and rounded feel Landscape: produces vibrant landscapes and cityscapes Optional GPS: The GP-1 GPS unit (sold separately) can be connected to the camera's accessory terminal to allow information on the camera's current position to be recorded when photographs are taken. Multi-Language Menu: You can choose from one of 20 languages for display of the camera menus and messages including English, French and Spanish. Compatible Lenses: The D3100 is equipped with the standard Nikon F bayonet mount. It is compatible with the following types of optional lenses: AF-S or AF-I: all functions supported Type G or D AF NIKKOR (w/o built-in autofocus motor): All functions except autofocus supported. IX NIKKOR lenses not supported. Other AF NIKKOR: All functions supported except autofocus and 3D color matrix metering II. Lenses for F3AF not supported. Type D PC NIKKOR: All functions supported except autofocus and some shooting modes. AI-P NIKKOR: All functions supported except autofocus and 3D color matrix metering II. Non-CPU: Autofocus not supported. Can be used in Manual mode, but exposure meter does not function. Warranty Information: The warranty on the camera body is 1 Year Parts & Labor. The warranty on the included lens is 5 Years Parts & Labor. Lens Features 18-55mm Lens: This package includes an AF-S DX Nikkor 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G VR lens. The lens includes a 52mm snap-on front lens cap and a rear lens cap. 3X Optical Zoom: The compact 3x zoom lens has a broad 18-55mm focal range for use in a variety of situations. When mounted to the camera the lens' picture angle is equivalent to approximately 1.5x the focal length of 35mm format (27-82.5mm). Close focusing distance to 0.9 feet (10.8") throughout the entire zoom range is possible. Separate zoom and focusing rings ensure responsive operation. Silent Wave Motor (SWM): Nikon's exclusive Silent Wave Motor (SWM) ensures fast, quiet auto focus operation. Auto Focus-Silent Wave (AF-S) is a type of focusing motor used in a number of AF-Nikkor lenses; the AF-S motor is very fast and quiet. AF-S lenses also have an A-M mode selector which allows the user to switch from automatic to manual focus with almost no lag time. Vibration Reduction (VR): Vibration Reduction (VR) minimizes image blur caused by camera shake, enabling sharper pictures, hand-held, at shutter speeds up to three stops slower than would otherwise be possible. Focus Mode Switch: Focus mode switch enables quick switching between A (Autofocus) and M (Manual Focus). Super Integrated Coating (SIC): High-performance Nikon Super Integrated Coating (SIC) offers superior color reproduction, while substantially reducing ghosting and flare. Lens Element: A Hybrid aspherical lens element minimizes various types of lens aberration. Diaphragm: A rounded seven-blade diaphragm opening makes out-of-focus elements appear more natural. Specifications: Type of Lens: G-type AF-S DX Zoom-NIKKOR lens with built-in CPU Type of Mount: Nikon F-bayonet type Filter Diameter: 52mm Focal Length Range: 18mm to 55mm Maximum Aperture: f/3.5 (wide) - f/5.6 (telephoto) Minimum Aperture: f/22 (wide) - f/32 (telephoto) Minimum Focus Distance: 0.9 feet (11") Lens Construction: 11 elements in 8 groups (1 aspherical lens element) Picture Angle: 76° to 28° 50' Focal Length Scale: 18, 24, 35, 45, 55mm Playback, Editing And Printing Functions Auto Image Rotation: Photographs taken while this feature is set to "On" allow the image to be played back automatically in the orientation it was taken, including Landscape, Portrait (rotated clockwise) or Portrait (rotated counter-clockwise). Rotate Tall: Portrait photos are displayed in tall orientation during playback. This feature can be turned off in the menu, if desired. Image Review: When this setting is enabled, the camera displays the image on the LCD monitor after the picture is taken. You can choose how long photographs are displayed in the monitor after shooting. If Image Review is turned off, pictures can only be displayed by pressing the playback button. Single-Image Playback: During single-image playback, you can view all the pictures stored on the memory card one at a time. Thumbnail Playback: This feature allows you to view 4, 9, or 72 images at once on the LCD monitor so that you can search for an image quickly. You can also choose a calendar playback, sorted by date. Slide Show: This features plays photographs back in an automatic slide show manner. You can set the frame interval (2, 3, 5, or 10 seconds) and the transition type (zoom/fade, cube, or none). Playback Zoom: During single-image and thumbnail playback, you can zoom in on the selected image. You can zoom in up to 27x for large images, up to 20x for medium images, and up to 14x for small images. Once the image is enlarged, you can pan around the image on the LCD monitor using the multi selector. In-Camera Image Editing with Retouching Menu: These options can be used to create, trimmed, resized, or retouch existing copies of the photographs in the memory card. You can choose from the following options: D-Lighting: D-Lighting can be used to brighten dark or backlit subjects. Red-eye Correction: Correct "red-eye" caused by flash. Image Trimming: Create cropped copies of existing photos. You can change the aspect ratio from 3:2 to 4:3, 5:4, 1:1, or 16:9. Each copy is saved as a separate file. Monochrome: Copy pictures in the Black and White, Sepia and Cyanotype colors. Filter Effects: Create copies with color filter effects. You can choose from one of the following: Skylight: Creates the effect of a skylight filter, giving the copy a "cold" blue cast. Warm Filter: Creates a copy with warm tone filter effects, giving the copy "warm" red cast. Red Intensifier: Intensifies reds Green Intensifier: Intensifies greens Blue Intensifier: Intensifies blues Cross Screen: Just as with a cross screen filter, this feature produces a star pattern with lines radiating outward from bright objects. Soft: Add a soft filter effect; choose from high, normal, or low effect. Color Balance: You can create a copy with modified color balance using the multi-selector to increase the amount of amber, magenta, green, or blue. Small Picture: You can create a small copy of a recorded image. The copy will be stored as a JPEG file. You can choose from the following sizes: 640 x 480: Suited to television playback. 320 x 240: Suited to display on web pages. 160 x 120: Suitable for email attachments. Image Overlay: Combine two RAW photographs. NEF (RAW) Processing: Create JPEG-format copies of NEF (RAW) photographs recorded at an image quality setting of RAW or RAW+B. Quick Retouch: Create retouched copies in which contrast and saturation have been enhanced. Straighten: You can create a straightened copy of an image. You can rotate the image clockwise or counterclockwise up to five degrees in increments of 0.25 degrees. Distortion Control: Create copies with reduced peripheral distortion (barrel distortion or pin-cushion distortion). Fisheye: You can create a copy that appears to have been taken with a fisheye lens. You can increase or reduce the effect using the multi-selector. Color Outline: You can create an outline copy of a photograph to use as a base for painting. Perspective Control: Copies can be created that reduce the effects of perspective taken from the base of a tall object. Miniature Effect: You can create a copy that appears to be a photo of a diorama. Works best with photos taken from a high vantage point. Edit Movie: You can trim footage to create edited copies of movies or save selected frames as JPEG stills. Before And After: Compare a retouched copy to the source image by displaying them side-by-side. Protecting Images: The protect feature allows you to protect important images from accidental erasure. PictBridge Printing Capability: You can connect this camera directly to a PictBridge compliant printer. PictBridge is a new standard that allows you to connect a PictBridge compliant camera directly to a PictBridge compliant printer and make prints, regardless of brand. An optional USB cable is required for connecting the camera to the printer. DPOF: The DPOF feature enables you to create a digital "print order" for PictBridge-compatible printers and other devices that support DPOF. Exif Print (Exif 2.21): The D3100 conforms to "Exif Print", a worldwide standard. Vital camera settings (such as: exposure mode, white balance, exposure time) and scene data are recorded to the image file when it is captured. Printers compatible with "Exif Print" are able to use this information to produce high quality photographs, exactly the way they were intended at the time of capture. This intelligent communication process also allows the printer to correct for poor lighting or mistakes, resulting in photos that can be even better than the originals. Connections USB Connection: The Nikon D3100 utilizes a high-speed USB 2.0 connection for interfacing with your computer. No USB is included; an optional USB cable (such as item 119USBHS15, 119USBHSM3, or 119CMNUSB7) must be obtained to connect the camera to your PC. HDMI: For playing back High Definition movies and high resolution still images on an HDTV, you can connect the camera via an optional HDMI cable. A Type C mini-HDMI cable is required (such as 119HDMICAM). The HDMI output resolution can be set to Auto, 480p, 576p, 720p, or 1080i. A/V Out: The camera features a 3.5mm minijack audio/video output plug to playback still images on a standard definition TV using the optional EG-D2 video cable (sold separately). You can select between NTSC or PAL video playback. Battery Information Li-ion Battery Pack: The D3100 comes with a long lasting rechargeable Lithium-Ion Battery Pack (EN-EL14), with the capacity of approximately 550 shots per charge (when measured using the 18-55mm VR lens). Quick Charger: The camera also comes with an AC Quick Charger (MH-24) to the charge the supplied Li-ion battery pack. The MH-24 will charge the EN-EL14 battery pack in approximately 90 minutes. Backup Battery: The camera's internal backup battery can provide up to a month of backup power after about three days of charging from the EN-EL14 battery pack. The backup battery powers the camera's internal clock, and maintains settings when the power is turned off. Auto Off Timers: This feature allows you to choose how long the monitor and exposure meters remain on when no operations are performed to prevent battery drain. You can choose from the following four selections: Selection Playback/Menus Image Review Live View Auto Meter Off Short 8 sec 4 sec 30 sec 4 sec Normal 12 sec 4 sec 30 sec 8 sec Long 20 sec 20 sec 3 min 1 min Custom Make separate adjustments to each of the three timers. Optional AC Adapter: The optional EH-5A AC adapter and optional EP-5A power connector are recommended for extended playback. Supplied Software ViewNX 2 CD-ROM: The supplied ViewNX 2 CD-ROM contains Nikon Transfer 2, View NX and related software. Nikon Transfer is used to copy (transfer) pictures from the camera to the computer and to perform such other transfer-related functions as making backups and embedding information in pictures as they are transferred. View NX 2 is used to view pictures after transfer; among the other tasks it can perform are grouping pictures, restoring and making simple adjustments to NEF (RAW) images and converting the file format. Supported Operating Systems: The supplied software can be used with computers running the following operating systems: Windows: Windows 7* (Home Basic, Home Premium, Professional, Enterprise) Windows Vista* Service Pack 2 (32-bit Home Basic, Home Premium, Business, Enterprise, Ultimate) Windows XP Service Pack 3 (Home Edition, Professional) Macintosh: Mac OS X (version 10.4.11, 10.5.8, 10.6.4) * ViewNX 2 runs as a 32-bit application in 64-bit editions of Windows 7 and Windows Vista Image Capacity Estimated Image Capacity of an Optional 4GB SDHC Flash Card: Image Quality Image Size File Size (MB) Number of Images Buffer Capacity NEF (Raw) + JPEG Fine Large 19.8 151 9 NEF (Raw) ---- 12.9 226 13 JPEG Fine Large 6.8 460 100 Medium 3.9 815 100 Small 1.8 1700 100 JPEG Normal Large 3.4 914 100 Medium 2.0 1500 100 Small 0.9 3300 100 JPEG Basic Large 1.7 1700 100 Medium 1.0 3000 100 Small 0.5 6000 100 Our Product Research Team At Crutchfield, you'll get detailed, accurate information that's hard to find elsewhere. That's because we have our own in-house Product Research team. They verify what's in the box, check the owner's manual, and record dimensions, features and specs. We stay on top of new products and technologies to help people make informed choices. Sorry, the Nikon D3100 Kit is no longer available. Looking for a similar item? Shop all Digital SLR Cameras Or, you can still... Write a review Purchase accessories for this product Download the product manual Search the website Go


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Launch Vehicle: Molniya-M; 8K78M
Launch Site: Tyuratam (Baikonur Cosmodrome), USSR; NIIP-5 / launch site 1
Spacecraft Mass: About 1100 kg
Spacecraft Instruments: Probe: 1) radio altimeter; 2) aneroid barometer; 3) eleven gas-analyzer cartridges; 4) two resistance thermometers; and 5) ionization densitometer
Bus: 1) magnetometer; 2) cosmic-ray counters; 3) charged-particle traps; and 4) ultraviolet photometer
Spacecraft Dimensions: Main bus was about 3.5 meters high and 4 meters across the deployed solar panels.
Spacecraft Power: Solar panels (main bus) and battery lasting 100 min. (probe)
Antenna Diameter: 2.3 meters (high-gain antenna)
Deep Space Chronicle: A Chronology of Deep Space and Planetary Probes 1958-2000, Monographs in Aerospace History No. 24, by Asif A. Siddiqi
National Space Science Data Center, http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/
Solar System Log by Andrew Wilson, published 1987 by Jane's Publishing Co. Ltd.
This identical twin craft to Venera 4 failed to leave Earth orbit when its Blok L transinterplanetary stage failed to fire, apparently because the engine's turbo pump had not been cooled prior to ignition.
The spacecraft remained stranded in Earth orbit and reentered Earth's atmosphere on 25 June 1967.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Fall 2009 issue of esperanza, the new anxiety and depression magazine, features an interview with Maureen McCormick. As Marcia Brady, she was the popular teen with the perfect smile. But in real life, McCormick spent decades hiding dark secrets and deep sadness.
Maureen McCormick: Dropping the Act
With all her secrets out in the open, Maureen McCormick no longer has to hide behind her 'perfect smile'
November 23, 2009
Marcia, Marcia, Marcia. That famous catch phrase said it all. How wonderful to be Marcia Brady, wholesome girl next door, center of attention, object of envy to her younger sister Jan and countless girls watching her on TV.
But while she played the happy, popular teen on The Brady Bunch, actress Maureen McCormick's real youth was far from that sitcom world of light-hearted conflicts and innocent family antics.
The actress was 13 when The Brady Bunch debuted on ABC in 1969, and she matured along with her character during the show's five-year run. On air, she was the darling with long blonde hair, blue eyes and a sweet smile, the "Miss Perfect" that viewers adored. Meanwhile, she hid her private struggles with anxiety, sadness, insecurity and dark family secrets.
"As a teenager, I had no idea that few people are everything they present to the outside world," she has said. "Yet there I was, hiding the reality of my life behind the unreal perfection of Marcia Brady. No one suspected the fear that gnawed at me even as I lent my voice to the chorus of Bradys singing 'It's a Sunshine Day.'"
McCormick's home life was by no means Brady-esque. Her mercurial father abused and cheated on her mother; of her three older brothers, one battled drug addictions and another was mentally challenged. Her grandmother died in a psychiatric hospital from syphilis and her mother, who contracted the disease at birth, struggled with shame her whole life. McCormick recalls that in inheriting those secrets, she took the "dread, shame and fear" for her own as well—along with the lurking belief that she, too, would go insane and end up in a mental institution.
"So much was going on behind the fake smile," she writes in her tell-all memoir Here's the Story: Surviving Marcia Brady and Finding My True Voice (HarperCollins, 2008), now out in paperback. She goes on to recount her litany of demons: bulimia, drug addictions, paranoia and depression.
Set adrift when The Brady Bunch ended, she took up a hard-partying lifestyle in Hollywood that played havoc with her personal life and acting career…
Read the full article, "Maureen McCormick: Dropping the Act." from esperanza magazine


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14 February 2012
Posted in Educators & Students
The President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) just published a report entitled Engage to Excel: Producing one million additional college graduates with degrees in science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
In the report, the Council proposes five overarching recommendations to transform undergraduate STEM education during the transition from high school to college and during the first two years of undergraduate STEM education:
1. Catalyze widespread adoption of empirically validated teaching practices.
2. Advocate and provide support for replacing standard laboratory courses with discovery-based research courses.
3. Launch a national experiment in postsecondary mathematics education to address the math preparation gap.
4. Encourage partnerships among stakeholders to diversify pathways to STEM careers.
5. Create a Presidential Council on STEM Education with leadership from the academic and business communities to provide strategic leadership for transformative and sustainable change in STEM undergraduate education.
The entire report can be found by clicking on the image below…


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Chic (sometimes stylized CHIC) was an African American disco and R&B band that was organized during 1976 by guitarist Nile Rodgers and bassist Bernard Edwards. It is known best for its commercially successful disco songs, including "Dance, Dance, Dance (Yowsah, Yowsah, Yowsah)" (1977), "Everybody Dance" (1977), "Le Freak" (1978), "I Want Your Love" (1978), "Good Times" (1979), and "My Forbidden Lover" (1979). The group regarded themselves as a rock band for the disco movement "that made good on hippie peace, love and freedom".
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text: Home National Junior Basketball JOIN NJB2015-16 Membership National Junior Basketball has blossomed into a national youth league with over 25,000 participants in 6 states. The program offers three divisions for boys and girls in 1st through 12th grades. Clinic divisions is for 1st and 2nd graders, stressing fundamental skills and personal growth. slide41 slide41 Slide 2 Slide 2 Slide 3 Slide 3 Slide 4 Slide 4 OverlaysShareTweetPreviousNextPreviousNext Leagues ALL-NET DIVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL AAU Programs NJB Stars Expansion Training Academy Camps Coaches Directors Referees Sponsors


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Darth Maul is one bad Sith!
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Join for multiple years; get free tickets
Join or renew for two or more years and get a free Win-A-Jeep for every year that you renew. Each ticket is worth $5, so it's like saving $10 on your two-year membership; $15 on your three-year membership, and so on, up to a maximum of five free tickets.
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A minor release that includes an important bug fix, some new language files, and a set of new icons.
(2) New language files are included (ie: Spanish, German).
(3) A new set of "Planet" icons are included with the release, created by Nelson Mu├▒oz. They look really good and are very realistic.
Other features are the same. Still working on Alpha 9. I have been busy with other things and university.
This release (Alpha 8.2) isn't posted on the Circle Dock website yet but I will do it soon. I just want to update the credits page on the website along with posting the link on it.
The file size for the download is at about 12 megs so I have to use my SourceForge account instead of Wikidot to upload the file to. This also means that people in China can download it without being blocked by the government firewalls. I wanted to keep it under 10 megs for easy of download but the graphics are taking up most of the space and they don't compress. Any suggestions to get it under 10 megs for download?


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Robotics Developer Studio 2008 R2 Academic Edition
Microsoft® Robotics Developer Studio 2008 (RDS) is a Windows-based environment for hobbyist, academic and commercial developers to create robotics applications for a variety of hardware platforms. RDS includes a lightweight REST-style, service-oriented runtime, a set of visual authoring and simulation tools, as well as tutorials and sample code to help get started.
RDS enables developers to create services for a wide-variety of robot hardware.
Microsoft Visual Programming Language enables anyone to create and debug robotics programs very easily. Just drag and drop blocks that represent services, and connect them. It is also possible to take a collection of connected blocks and reuse them as a single block elsewhere in the program.
Easily simulate robotics applications using realistic 3D simulated models. Microsoft Visual Simulation Environment (VSE) includes AGEIA™ PhysX™ Technology from AGEIA Technologies Inc., a pioneer in hardware-accelerated physics, enabling real-world physics simulation for robot models. PhysX simulations can also be accelerated using AGEIA hardware. AGEIA and PhysX are trademarks of AGEIA Technologies Inc.
RDS includes a .NET-based REST-style, services-oriented runtime consisting of two components: Concurrency and Coordination Runtime (CCR) and Decentralized Software Services (DSS).
The Concurrency and Coordination Runtime (CCR) makes it simple to write programs to handle asynchronous input from multiple robotics sensors and output to motors and actuators.
The DSS application model makes it simple to access, and respond to, a robot's state using a Web browser or Windows-based application.
Build high-level functions using simple components, providing for reuse of code modules as well as better reliability and replaceability. For example, a lower-level sensor service could be integrated into a navigation service.
The RDS programming model can be applied to a variety of robot hardware platforms, enabling users to transfer their skills across multiple platforms. The programming interfaces can be used to develop applications on single or multi-core processors.
Third parties can extend the functionality of RDS by providing additional libraries and services. Hardware or software vendors can make their products easily compatible with RDS.
Remotely connected scenarios enable communication from a PC to the robot through a serial port, Bluetooth®, 802.11 (WiFi), or RF modem. Programs can also execute natively on PC-based robots running one of the Microsoft Windows operating systems, enabling fully autonomous operation.
With RDS, robotics applications can be developed using a selection of programming languages, including those in Microsoft Visual Studio® and Microsoft Visual Studio Express® (C# and VB.NET), as well as scripting languages such as Microsoft Ir on Python®. Third-party languages that support the RDS services-based architecture are also supported.


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- Red Bull USA - Sports & Entertainment News | Teams & Athletes
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- X Games 18: Photos From Thursday Action
- Fore! Rickie Fowler tees off from the MegaRamp
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- Fowler lined up a shot from the top of the MegaRamp, which would later be the stage for the first contest of the Summer X Games, the Big Air skateboard contest.
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Ryan Sheckler Gallery
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Photostory: Ryan Sheckler Shreds Panama and Cuba
Ryan Sheckler: Behind the Scenes Oct 2, 2009
Ryan gives us a behind-the-scenes look while he films the opening clips for his web site, ryansheckler.com.
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The reigning bowl king, Pedro Barros got his year off to a flying start by winning the Maresia Vert Jam in Brazil. See his winning run here.
X Games winner Pedro Barros in 7 minutes of pure skating genius Jan 11, 2013
The multiple X Games gold medal winner -- and bowl master -- shows a hidden side of his skating, hitting the streets for his new video edit.
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Garrett Reynolds brings his fifth straight X Games BMX Street gold medal by to the Red Bull Hub.
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Two-time X Games Game of SK8 gold medalist Ryan Decenzo takes time before the Skate Street finals to talk about a recent injury and his favorite events at the X Games. Check it out!


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Ah, the dreaded double elimination! That's what we get after two weeks of non-elimination complacency on Dancing with the Stars: All-Stars . But, considering the nearly ubiquitous high scores achieved More »
Dancing With the Star: All Stars host Brooke Burke-Charvet entered the ballroom Monday night on Tom Bergeron's arm, then walked over to Carrie Ann Inaba, who was seated at the judges' table. As the st More »
A dance trio (ahem: threesome!) goes 'super tribal'; Len channels his inner cat http://tvrecaps.ew.com/recap/dancing-with-the-stars-all-stars-week-8-dance-trios-threesomes/ More »
This week on "Dancing with the Stars" the seven remaining couples had to perform two complete dances, one of which was a salute to Veteran's Day and the other a trio dance. With no eliminations la... More »
It's trio dancing, and one beloved celebrity gets taken to task by a stern judge. http://www.hitfix.com/blogs/starr-raving/posts/dancing-with-the-stars-recap-the-celebs-hit-the-floor-for-three-ways More »
'Dancing With the Stars' backstage: Cheryl Burke and Melissa Rycroft dish on 'The Bachelorette' rumors
"Dancing With the Stars: All-Stars" pro dancer Cheryl Burke hasn't given up on her dream of dispensing roses to eligible bachelors as the next star of "The Bachelorette." After she and celebrity partn More »
"Dancing With the Stars: All-Stars" judge Len Goodman drew the ire of fans after his harsh critique of Shawn Johnson's spirited samba with partner Derek Hough and Mark Ballas Monday night (Nov. 12). B More »
Oh, Len Goodman. After that "7" paddle, you're lucky you're not depending on fans to vote for you to come back next week. Let's just say tomorrow's Dancing With the Stars All-Stars Week 8: Results Sho More »


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By Megan Vick
In December, our Charity Spotlight was on the Rotary Foundation and Rotary International. In Cary, North Carolina, the Rotary Club of Cary-Kildaire collaborated with the Rotary Club of Mussoorie, India. These two clubs collaborated to provide sanitation and pure drinking water facilities to three schools in India. I was able to ask Scott Rossi a bit more about the completion of the project.
Fridge Filters:Scott, can you tell us more about the project and its completion?
Scott Rossi: The first phase of the 'Purified Drinking Water System and Sanitary Facility Project' undertaken by the clubs was dedicated to the students of MY Saraswati Shishu Vidya Mandir, Gandhi Niwas, Mussoorie on Monday, 27th June 2011. The second phase was dedicated to the students of Mussoorie Girls Inter College, Mussoorie on Thursday, 30th June 2011. The third phase was recently dedicated to the students of Sanatan Dharm Girls Inter College, Mussoorie on Friday, 4th November 2011.
FF: How did your club come to decide on doing such an ambitious project?
SR: Rotary has six areas of focus: peace and conflict prevention/resolution, disease prevention and treatment, water and sanitation, maternal and child health, basic education and literacy, and economic and community development. Our International Service Committee felt that well-planned water projects have the potential to address multiple areas of focus.
FF: What made the club choose India for the clean water project?
SR: Cary-Kildaire Rotary Club was part of three water projects last year. The first project was constructing soak pits or recharge wells in Kolkata City and surrounding rural areas, West Bengal, India. The second project was digging a bore hole well and constructing water storage tanks at a school in Our Lady of Lourdes School, Ozuoba, Rivers State, Nigeria. The third project was providing drinking and sanitation facilities at three schools in India. We chose these projects because of the needs that existed and because their were excellent Rotary partners at each location.
FF: How can other groups do something similar?
SR: They can search for water projects that need partners/sponsors on websites www.waterteaminternational.org or www.startwithwater.org (a website run by WASRAG, the Water and Sanitation Rotary Action Group).
FF: What was the best part about being involved in these projects?
SR: It is tremendously uplifting to be able to help people and to contribute to the alleviation of needless suffering.
Special thanks to Scott Rossi and Carl Ryden of the Cary-Kildaire Rotary Club for their information on this topic.
Check out the video for the Cary-Kildaire West Bengal water project!


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Contrary to popular belief, taking antioxidant vitamins may do little to protect your heart.
A study released today in the Archives of Internal Medicine is the latest to put a dent in the theory that vitamins such as C, E and antioxidants such as beta carotene can reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke or other cardiovascular events.
Alhough previous research has come to similar conclusions, the study at hand is perhaps one of the largest to debunk the idea that these vitamins can lead to a healthier heart.
The research involved 8,000 women at high risk for heart disease who were assigned to take either vitamins alone or in combination or a placebo over nine years.
Study author Nancy R. Cook, a researcher at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, notes that these results "add to the body of evidence that antioxidants do not add to the prevention of heart disease."
She adds that when the study first began in 1996, "we were expecting to find that these substances had a beneficial effect."
Cook's team was not alone in its hopes. Previous research found that diets high in fruits and vegetables -- and in turn antioxidants -- were associated with decreased heart problems.
However, further studies have not been able to show any proven benefits when looking at dietary supplements.
"Although theoretically these antioxidants would appear to be protective … these antioxidant vitamins have not lived up to their promises," says Dr. Carl Lavie, director of cardiac rehabilitation and prevention at Ochsner Medical Center.
The research could be disappointing to many who may have hoped that dietary supplements would represent a "magic bullet" for heart ills.
"Studies of nutrients for disease prevention all indicate that the active ingredient in a healthful diet is a healthful diet, and not some isolated nutrient we can put in a pill," says Dr. David Katz, director of the prevention research center at Yale University.
Dr. Susan Bennett, director of the Women's Heart Program at George Washington University, agrees. "People are always getting keyed into something that is easy to do. People think taking a pill is easier than quitting smoking, exercising or eating well."
Bennett says the current research reaffirms that taking a pill cannot replace lifestyle modification -- a weighty finding, considering that approximately 10 percent to 20 percent of people in the United States routinely take over-the-counter dietary supplements.
If taking vitamins is not the answer, many people are wondering what they can do to protect themselves from heart disease. Cardiologists and dietitians across the country are saying that diet and exercise are key.
"Supplements don't work alone; they need a solid foundation of healthy diet and exercise," says Dawn Blatner, a spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association.
When asked what she recommends to her patients, Dr. Sharonne Hayes, director of the Women's Heart Clinic at the Mayo Clinic, says she "preaches dietary changes," recommending a diet rich in fruits and vegetables and a Mediterranean-style diet high in monounsaturated fats, such as those found in olive oil and fish.
But why would these foods, high in antioxidants, work when supplements containing such antioxidants do not?


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Scene Info - Maya Hills, Scene #01
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The answer to the question posed to our lucky guy in this seen was \\'yes\\'. The question was does that mouth and throat feel as good as it looks? Maya is a true \\'throater\\'. She can basically swallow a coke-can thick johnson down her juicy throat with ease. It should not be a surprise to see her appear on Throated or some of our other sites real soon! Enjoy!


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A similar question reminds me: When giving talks, I often want to refer to the work of Henry Crapo. I have asked several mathematicians, and none of them were sure how to pronounce his last name. Any help?
KRAY-poe. The name is of French origin.
My name is Martin Crapo, and have always pronounced it Cray-poe. The name evolved from Crapaud and Crepeaux. Pierre Crapo was the French boy who stowed away on his brothers French Merchant ship in the late 1600's. His brother initially refused to bring him on his trip to America from France, so young Pierre boarded the ship unbeknownst to his brother and hid. After a few days, he came out from hiding. Seeing a dilemma, his brother took him along. Arriving in Cape Cod, the ship was caught in a storm and was wrecked upon the rocks. Strangely Pierre, his Captain brother and about 3 sailors survived. When his brother earned enough money to return to France, he apprenticed his brother Pierre to someone for work, saying that he would soon return to get him. He never returned. Pierre was the beginning of the Crapo's in America. My contact is email@example.com
It seems that the one of the people in Wikipedia, Governor Henry Howland Crapo of Michigan, has exactly the same name as the mathematician Henry Howland Crapo who got a PhD from Rota and eventually moved to France. I conjecture that it is not a coincidence. The latter Crapo is still alive, I think, because he submitted a paper to the arXiv himself in April of this year. So you could ask him how to pronounce his name, and about his genealogy.
The answer to the first will presumably be what Jason Dyer said, Cray'-Poe (as in Seymour Cray and Edgar Allan Poe). It is true that the name is originally a French word, but it is an entirely American name. According to the reference, the first Crapo was a French castaway who was found on Cape Cod in the 17th century. He was nicknamed crapaud (toad) just because he was French.
Wikipedia says it's like "halo."


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Old Town of Lijiang
Old Town of Lijiang
The Old Town of Lijiang, which is perfectly adapted to the uneven topography of this key commercial and strategic site, has retained a historic townscape of high quality and authenticity. Its architecture is noteworthy for the blending of elements from several cultures that have come together over many centuries. Lijiang also possesses an ancient water-supply system of great complexity and ingenuity that still functions effectively today.
Vieille ville de Lijiang
La vieille ville de Lijiang, harmonieusement adaptée à la topographie irrégulière de ce site commercial et stratégique clé, a conservé un paysage urbain historique de grande qualité et éminemment authentique. Son architecture est remarquable par l'association d'éléments de plusieurs cultures réunies durant de nombreux siècles. Lijiang possède également un système d'alimentation en eau extrêmement complexe et ingénieux qui fonctionne toujours efficacement.
مدينة ليجيانغ القديمة
تكيّفت مدينة ليجيانغ القديمة مع تقلّبات طوبوغرافيا هذا الموقع التجاري والإستراتيجي المحوري وقد حافظت على منظر حضري تاريخي متميّز وأصيل كلّ الأصالة. تنفرد هندستها بالمزاوجة بين عناصر ثقافات عدّة اجتمعت على مرِّ قرونٍ عدّة. كما تملك ليجيانغ نظام إمدادات مائيّة معقّد ومبتكر لا زال يعمل بفعالية.
source: UNESCO/ERI
source: UNESCO/ERI
Старый город Лицзян
Старый город Лицзян, который превосходно адаптирован к сложному рельефу этой важной в торговом и стратегическом отношении местности, отлично сохранил свой подлинный исторический облик. Его архитектура достойна внимания из-за смешения элементов нескольких культур, развивавшихся совместно на протяжении многих столетий. Лицзян также имеет древнюю сложную систему водоснабжения, основанную на большой изобретательности, которая эффективно действует и в настоящее время.
source: UNESCO/ERI
Ciudad vieja de Lijiang
La ciudad vieja de Lijiang, que estí¡ perfectamente adaptada a la topografía irregular de un sitio importancia comercial y estratégica, ha conservado un paisaje urbano histórico de gran calidad y autenticidad. Su notable arquitectura integra elementos de diversas culturas que se fueron fusionando a lo largo de los siglos. Lijiang posee también un antiguo sistema de abastecimiento de agua, sumamente complejo e ingenioso, que sigue funcionando con eficacia.
source: UNESCO/ERI
source: NFUAJ
Oude stad van Lijiang
De oude binnenstad van Lijiang is perfect aangepast aan de ongelijke topografie van deze belangrijke commerciële en strategische locatie. De Lijiang regio (in het noorden van de provincie Yunnan) wordt al sinds de steentijd door mensen bewoond. In de 13e eeuw na Christus werden aan de voet van de Shizi bergen huizen gebouwd, omringd door een stadsmuur en gracht. Deze historische kern is prachtig bewaard gebleven. De architectuur is opmerkelijk vanwege het samengaan van elementen uit verschillende culturen door de eeuwen heen. Lijiang heeft ook een oud ingenieus systeem voor watervoorziening dat tegenwoordig nog steeds functioneert.
Source: unesco.nl
Justification for Inscription
The Committee decided to inscribe this site on the basis of cultural criteria (ii), (iv) and (v). Lijiang is an exceptional ancient town set in a dramatic landscape which represents the harmonious fusion of different cultural traditions to produce an urban landscape of outstanding quality.
Long Description
Lijiang is an exceptional ancient town set in a dramatic landscape which represents the harmonious fusion of different cultural traditions to produce an urban landscape of outstanding quality.
In the 13th century AD, during the later Southern Song dynasty, the ancestors of the ruling Mu family moved their main centre from Baisha to the foot of the Shizi Mountains to a new town known as Dayechang (later Dayan), where they began building houses surrounded by a city wall and moat. After Azong Aliang submitted in the 1250s to the authority of the Yuan Emperor Hubilie, Dayechang became an administrative centre. The Lijiang Junmin prefecture was established when the region came under Ming rule in 1382.
In 1724 the first non-native prefect began building prefectural offices, barracks and educational facilities at the foot of the Jinhong Mountain. Lijiang County was created as part of Lijiang Junmin Prefecture in 1770. The old town of Lijiang is built on a mountain slope running from north-west to south-east, facing a deep river.
The northern part of the city was a commercial district. The main streets in this part of the old town radiate from the broad street known as Sifangjie, which has traditionally been the commercial and trading centre of the north-western part of Yunnan Province. On the west side of the Sifangjie is the imposing three-storeyed Kegongfang (Imperial Examination Archway), which is flanked by the Western and Central rivers.
A sluice on the former uses the different levels of the two waterways to wash the streets, a unique form of municipal sanitation. The streets are paved with slabs of a fine-grained red breccia. Water flows from here to the Shuangshi Bridge, where it branches into three tributaries. These subdivide into a network of channels and culverts to supply every house in the town. This water supply is supplemented by many springs and wells within the town itself. A system of watercourses of this complexity necessitates a large number of bridges of varying sizes. There are 354 bridges altogether; they take several forms. It is from these structures that Lijiang derives its name, the 'City of Bridges'. The feature of Lijiang that is most representative of the Naxi minority culture is its wealth of domestic dwellings. The basic timber-framed structure developed into a unique architectural style with the absorption of elements of Han and Zang architecture. Most of the houses are two-storeyed. The chuandoushi wooden frames are walled with adobe on the ground floor and planks on the upper floors; the walls have stone foundation courses. The exteriors of the walls are plastered and lime-washed, and there are often brick panels at the corners. The houses have tiled roofs and an external corridor or veranda.
Special attention is paid to the decoration of the houses, especially in the arches over gateways, the screen walls, the external corridors, the doors and windows, the courtyards and the roof beams. Wooden elements are elaborately carved with domestic and cultural elements - pottery, musical instruments, flowers, birds, etc. - and gate arches take several elegant forms.
The Lijiang Junmin Prefectural Government Office and Mujia Compound were established in 1368, during the Ming dynasty, in the eastern part of the city. The 286 m long government office was a complex of halls, towers, bridges, terraces, pavilions and palaces. To the north was the official residence, known as the Mujia Compound. It was largely destroyed by war during the Qing dynasty and only the Yizi Pavilion, the Guagbi Tower, and a stone archway survive. The group known as the Yuquan architectural structures is in the Heilongtan Park and date from the Ming and Qing dynasties. Most notable is the Wufeng Tower (1601), moved from the Fugue Temple, of which it formed part, and now designated as one of the major historical sites in Yunnan Province. In addition to the Dayan old town, established in the Ming dynasty, the earlier Baisha quarter, the centre during the preceding Song and Yuan dynasties, survives 8 km to the north.Source: UNESCO/CLT/WHC
Historical Description
There has been continuous human occupation of the Lijiang region since the Palaeolithic period. During the Warring States Period (475-221 BC) it was under the jurisdiction of the Shu region of the Qin State. In the Western and Eastern Han Dynasties it was established as Suijiu County.
In the 13th century AD, during the later Southern Song Dynasty, the ancestors of the ruling Mu family moved their main centre from Baisha to the foot of the Shizi Mountains, to a new town known as Dayechang (later Dayan), where they began building houses surrounded by a city wall and moat.
After Azong Aliang submitted in the 1250s to the authority of the Yuan Emperor Hubilie, Dayechang became an administrative centre. The Lijiang Junmin prefecture was established when the region came under Ming rule in 1382. The prefect of the tune, Ajia Ade, was awarded the honorific surname "Mu" and made an hereditary prefect, a title that was confirmed by the Qmg Dynasty rulers in 1660. The successive Mu prefects were responsible for enlarging and embellishing their centre throughout this period.
In 1723 the Imperial court changed its policy and the native prefect was replaced by an Imperial appointee. The first non-native prefect, Yang Bi, arrived the following year and began building prefectural offices, barracks, and educational facilities at the foot of the Jinhong Mountain. Lijiang County was created as part of Lijiang Junmin Prefecture in 1770, and survived when the prefecture was abolished by the Republic in 1912. Lijiang has continued to fimction as an administrative centre ever since, now for the Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County.
The region is subject to earthquakes, and the town suffered on several occasions - 1481, 1515, 1624, 1751, 1895, 1933, 1951, 1961, 1977, and most recently on 3 February 1996. Damage to property and loss of life has been severe, particularly in the 1951 quake.Source: Advisory Body Evaluation
Activities (1)
News (1)
- World Heritage Committee Inscribes 46 New Sites on World Heritage List Sunday, December 7, 1997


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