text: Front View larger Koss RUK30 In-ear headphones (Black) Item #: 245RUK30B 4 Reviews This item is no longer available. Original Price: $29.99 Shop all Headphones Need help? 1.888.955.6000 Email Chat Ask an expert advisor No pressure, no commission — just lots of good advice from our highly trained staff. Overview Reviews Details Articles & Videos by David Brown Better sound is within your budgetKoss has long been known for making great-sounding portable headphones that won't break the bank. Their RUK30 in-ear headphones are a terrific way to upgrade those stock earbuds without spending a fortune. These sleek, comfortable headphones are a great option if you want to enjoy music on your mobile device with no hassles. The flat, tangle-resistant cord will help eliminate annoying knots, so you can keep these earbuds in your pocket or bag for on-the-go listening. Koss includes three pairs of ear tips to help you find the right fit for proper noise isolation as well as comfort. Product Highlights:includes three pairs of silicon ear tips for optimum comfort and noise isolationflat, tangle-resistant 4-foot miniplug cablefrequency response: 15-20,000 Hzsensitivity: 110 dBimpedance: 16 ohmswarranty: lifetimeOur 60-day money-back guarantee Koss RUK30 Reviews Average Customer Review: 4 reviews Review this product Submit a review and then enter to win a $350 rewards card Filter by rating: 5 Star: (0) 4 Star: (0) 3 Star: (0) 2 Star: (0) 1 Star: (0) Review this product: Thanks for taking the time to share your experiences about this product. Please be sure to focus your comments on the product itself. Read our Review Guidelines for more information. Review title * Email Your email won't be visible. Please use the email address that is associated with your order. Display name (e.g., JohnD) Your review will be signed using the display name and location * Your location (e.g., Charlottesville, VA) * Your rating Click on a star to rate the overall product on a scale of 1-5 Rate the following specific attributes Sound Quality "Coolness Factor" Build Quality Comfort Noise Reduction 1500 characters left * Your review Attach a YouTube Review Crutchfield Video Review Guidelines Only submit videos that you made or are authorized to use. Do not submit videos that contain music, video or visuals that are copyrighted and belong to someone else. Please see our Review Guidelines for more information. Enter the URL of your YouTube™ video review or product demonstration. e.g., "http://www.youtube.com/v/o79TWHh598U" 500 characters left Pros 500 characters left Cons * Agree to Terms By checking this box you agree your review becomes the property of Crutchfield, that you are over 18 years of age, that you own or have owned this product, and that you are located within the United States or its territories. Please see our Review Guidelines for more information. We reserve the right (but are not obligated to) review all submissions and edit or remove any review in any manner which we deem necessary. Your review should be posted within seven days. Easy on the ear for a great price Written By Namaste16, Silver Spring, MD on Sunday, March 10, 2013 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Build Quality Comfort Noise Reduction Sound Quality These little Koss headphones are great. I wanted an inexpensive pair of headphones for my mp3 player, and I definitely feel as though these were a steal. The sound is rich and full. The bass carries very nicely with no distortion. I do wish there was a bit more depth in the base, but I really only miss it when I'm listening to genres that favor heavy bass (R&B, Bossa Nova, etc). The red is fun. The construction is solid, and as a person with smaller ears, the customizable ear pieces are key. I'm not sure if the angle of the earbud in the ear is really beneficial, but it's an interesting concept. I would highly recommend the RUK30s. I am purchasing a pair for my 9 year old! Pros: Terrific sound quality Awesome price Fun colors Cons: Not a single thing Was this review helpful? Yes No Good value earphones Written By Bahn, New York on Wednesday, January 30, 2013 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Build Quality Comfort Noise Reduction Sound Quality I maxed all the attributes considering the price it was being sold at as it performed above my expectation. Bass and treble are balanced that I barely catch distortion unlike my iBeats earphones. My expectation of course is based on my Sony PLIIX and Dr. Beats earphones. I have quite a collection of close-ear headphones but for my workout and other non-desk activities I use earphones. I'm very satisfied with the rubber earplugs, doesn't slip as bad as my Sony & more conforming that iBeats. Pros: Cheap, comfortable, balanced sound, signal-to-noise ratio seems higher than iBeats and the nut head looks very cool and turns out to be a good push rod when installing the set into your ears. Uses the flat cable form so it doesn't tangle. Cons: None I can think of. 1 out of 1 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Koss earbuds Written By John, Cloveredale Ca on Wednesday, December 12, 2012 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Build Quality Comfort Noise Reduction Sound Quality Easy to put in my ear and sound excellent Cons: Not only best price around - Crutchfield orders are shipped immediately 1 out of 2 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Koss Earbuds Written By DaveL, Parkersburg, WV on Friday, November 16, 2012 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) "Coolness Factor" Build Quality Comfort Noise Reduction Sound Quality I use mine with a KIndle Fire and the sound quality is fantastic. The buds fit the ears nicely and are comfortable. Pros: Sound Quality 1 out of 1 people found this helpful Was this review helpful? Yes No Hands-on research Features and specs chart | What's in the box? | In-depth notes What's in the box? Download owner's manual Black earbud headphones with an attached 4' flat cord (3.5mm miniplug) 2 Medium silicone tips (installed) 2 Large silicone tips 2 Small silicone tips Limited Lifetime warranty sheet Note on environmental protection Features and Specs General Fit Style In-ear/Earbud Earcup Type Closed Noise-canceling No Bluetooth No Frequency Response 15-20k Hz Sensitivity 110 dB Impedance 16 Ohms Weight Not Given Cord Length 48" Airline Adapter Included No iPod Control No Volume Control No Built-in Microphone No Parts Warranty Lifetime Labor Warranty Lifetime Product Research Features Overview: The Koss Rukus-series RUK30 features deep bold colors with a design that resembles a hex-head bolt. These noise-isolating in-ear headphones block exterior noise so you can hear your music clearly, without outside interruption. Silicone Tips: The RUK30s come with three sizes of silicone ear tips (small, medium, and large) for a comfortable fit. Cord: The headphones have a 4' straight, tangle-resistant flat cord with a slender 3.5mm straight plug. The small diameter plug design can be easily plugged into recessed headphone jacks or when the smartphone or digital music player is contained in a hard case. Warranty: The RUK30s are covered by the Koss Stereophones Limited Lifetime Warranty. Specifications: Frequency Response: 15Hz-20kHz Sensitivity (dB/1mW): 110dB Nominal Impedance: 16 ohms Our Product Research Team At Crutchfield, you'll get detailed, accurate information that's hard to find elsewhere. That's because we have our own in-house Product Research team. They verify what's in the box, check the owner's manual, and record dimensions, features and specs. We stay on top of new products and technologies to help people make informed choices. Sorry, the Koss RUK30 is no longer available. Looking for a similar item? Shop all All Headphones Or, you can still... Write a review Purchase accessories for this product Download the product manual Search the website Go


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Golf Instruction and Lessons
Course Survival: Reading greens
Finding the right instructor
A Lesson Learned: Be bold and lay up
Ball position for hybrids
A Lesson Learned: Play your game
Course Survival: Reading greens
Congratulations, you're on the green. Now, how to finish off the hole in style? PGA Professional Mark Wilson explains everything you need to consider when you're plotting how to get your ball into the cup.
If you're serious about becoming a better golfer, you need to find the right instructor. But how do you do that? PGA Master Professional John Hughes shares some thoughts on how to find the right one for you.
Sometimes the bravest play is the most conservative one, says PGA Professional Jon C. Wright. John Merrick proved that on Sunday, keeping his ego in check and laying up on the drivable 10th hole to win his first PGA Tour event.
Too many people play a hybrid like a driver or fairway wood. It is neither. And as PGA professional Rob Labritz illustrates, how you position the ball in your stance with a hybrid could make all the difference.
Golf can always be distracting. But when you're playing somewhere like Pebble Beach or playing with a larger-than-life celebrity like Bill Murray, it's easy to forget what you're doing. PGA Professional Pat Jones explains how to play your game.
The Latest
Home » Golf Instruction and Lessons

subset: commoncrawl


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Whitney Houston's Mother Cissy Breaks Silence on Singer's Death in New Interview
Since Whitney Houston's untimely passing, both her daughter Bobbi and aunt Dionne Warwick have spoken to members of the media about the fallen icon. But one person who's remained silent throughout this mourning period is Houston's own mother, Cissy. Now, the gospel singer is breaking her silence, i


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A Citizens' Jury is a robust method of deliberative research. The Juries provide the opportunity to explore issues that the public may have little or no knowledge, are relatively complex, and where there are more than one solution.
Participants are given the time to absorb information, work with experts and deliberate among themselves to share ideas and viewpoints and develop informed recommendations.
Giving people the time and space to consider complicated trade-offs and look at issues through the eyes of those with different circumstances encourages them to move from a personal to a citizen ambassador perspective.
Click to view our Public Sector Matters blog post on Citizens' Juries.
Previous Juries
A question of quality: the citizens' view of quality in the NHS
Spending Review one year on: the citizens' view
Spending Review 2010: The Jury's Verdict


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The Institute's mission is to
reduce factors that place
individuals, families and
communities at risk
and to promote
healthy lifestyles.
The mission of the DART Coalition
is to engage Ocean County
residents in the process
of reducing substance
abuse among youth in
the County and over
time the community
as a whole.
Discover our complete range
of full and half-day training
programs for your school
or agency as well as
innovative workshops.
A program provided in schools
and in the community
for children and their
families impacted by
Superstorm Sandy.
Educational programs to assist parents and guardians to enrich their skills to establish a successful, healthy, substance-free future for their child and better meet today's parenting challenges. Learn more
Take our Alcohol Use Assessment to see if youare at risk for alcohol dependence
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Skip to Content
Department of Commerce and Insurance
Julie Mix McPeak, Commissioner
Board of Accountancy
Frequently asked questions
Consumer Related (8 FAQs)
CPA Related (30 FAQs)
Consumer Related Frequently Asked Questions and Answers:
I think my CPA overcharged me for some work she did. Does the Board regulate fees charged by CPAs?
Neither the Board nor any other state or federal agency has the authority to regulate fees.
My CPA did not file my taxes in a timely manner and now the IRS is assessing monetary penalties. I wish to receive restitution. Can the Board force the CPA and/or the accounting firm to pay these penalties?
No. The Board's main objective is to determine if the licensee or licensed accounting firm violated the Accountancy Act. If the conduct of the CPA or licensed accounting firm costs the consumer money, the consumer should file a civil lawsuit against that individual or firm.
How do I file a complaint?
The complaint form is a form that asks for information pertinent to the complaint. You may download the form by
Clicking Here
. If you do not have access to download the form, office staff can mail or fax you the complaint form. Be sure to include all documentation that supports your allegation such as the nature of the complaint, copies of relevant paperwork and the address of the person or firm you are filing the complaint against.
Can I file a complaint anonymously?
Yes, you can. However, we still need the documentation that supports the allegation.
What happens after I file a complaint?
The respondent is sent a copy of the allegation and is requested to send in a written response to the complaint. If the charges are serious in nature, such as embezzlement, the complaint is forwarded to our legal counsel for an immediate investigation. Depending on the nature of the response, additional information from all parties may be requested. All documentation is then sent to legal counsel to determine the next course of action. Legal counsel then reviews the complaint file and makes a recommendation to the Probable Cause Committee as to what type of action should be taken on the complaint.
Is disciplinary action available to the public?
Yes. After the Probable Cause Committee has reviewed the complaint and agrees to a disciplinary action, the board attorney enforces the action through the issuance of a consent order, formal hearing, etc. Once all stipulations of the action have been met, the complaint file is closed. Board staff then issues a disciplinary report to The Department of Commerce & Insurance's Communications Director. Disciplinary action is then posted on The National Association of the State Boards of Accountancy's web site and the Board's on-line newsletter
How can I get a copy of the Accountancy Act or Rules?
You can read the Act and Rules here:
click on the "Accountancy Law" or "Accountancy Rules" link.
What if I have other questions about the disciplinary process?
Click Here to contact our office.
CPA Related Frequently Asked Questions and Answers:
How can I get a copy of the Accountancy Act or Rules?
You can read the Act and Rules here:
click on the "Accountancy Law" or "Accountancy Rules" link.
How do I report my CPE to the Board?
You are required to submit documentation of your CPE hours only if selected for audit. If your license is selected for audit, you will be notified and asked to submit your CPE documentation via mail, email, or by using the online CPE tracking tool at
Who do I contact about the $400 professional privilege tax assessed on my CPA license?
The Tennessee Department of Revenue assesses the professional privilege tax. Any questions you have regarding this tax should be directed to the Department of Revenue, Tax Payer Services at 615-253-0600 or 1-800-342-1003.
How do I know when to renew my license?
Even-numbered CPA licenses renew on December 31 of even-numbered years, with odd-numbered licenses renewing in odd years. The Board will send a reminder to renewing CPAs prior to renewal to the mailing address on file.
Renewal of your license is not dependent on receipt of this courtesy reminder.
Please make a note of your expiration date and schedule your renewal accordingly.
What CPA licenses are required to renew?
All Active, Inactive, Retired, Probation, Suspended, Active Military, and Disabled license statuses are required to renew every two years.
Disabled are fee and CPE exempt only with a current doctor's statement received prior to the expiration of their permit. The renewal questions must still be completed online.
Active Military are fee and CPE exempt only with a copy of their deployment orders received prior to the expiration of their permit. The renewal questions must still be completed online.
Can a license be renewed after the expiration date has passed?
Licenses which are between one (1) day and one (1) year past the expiration date of the license can be renewed. Licensees that renew between thirty-one (31) days and one (1) year following their expiration date will be assessed a late fee in the amount of $100.00. This late fee is mandated by Board Rule 0020-01-.04 and cannot be waived by Board staff. Licenses that are expired for more than one (1) year must go through the reinstatement process.
How do I know if a complaint has been filed against me?
Board staff will send written notification when a complaint is filed against you. Upon receiving a notice of complaint, you should respond in writing to the board within fourteen days.
I'm a CPA. Do I need an attorney to represent me if a complaint has been filed against me?
The decision to retain or consult legal counsel is entirely yours. The Board does not require that you hire an attorney.
What happens to me if the allegations in the complaint are unfounded?
If the allegations are unfounded, the complaint will be dismissed. You will have a clean slate with the board.
What happens to me if the allegations in the complaint are true?
The Board's legal counsel and the Probable Cause Committee will review your entire complaint file. The committee can take into consideration past complaint history, the severity of the violation and the risk of harm to the public. Disciplinary action can include consent orders with assessed civil penalties, licensee suspensions, informal conferences and formal hearings. The most severe form of disciplinary action is a revocation of your CPA license and firm license.
Is disciplinary action available to the public?
Yes. After the Probable Cause Committee has reviewed the complaint and agrees to a disciplinary action, the board attorney enforces the action through the issuance of a consent order, formal hearing, etc. Once all stipulations of the action have been met, the complaint file is closed. Board staff then issues a disciplinary report to The Department of Commerce & Insurance's Communications Director. Disciplinary action is then posted on The National Association of the State Boards of Accountancy's web site and the Board's on-line newsletter.
Will the action taken against me by the State of Tennessee affect my license standing with other state boards or professional accounting organizations?
It could. Most states require that licensees disclose disciplinary action taken against them by other state licensing boards and professional accounting organizations. Each state has its own law and rules. The decision to file a complaint against a licensee for past disciplinary action is solely made by the other states or professional organizations.
What if I have other questions about the disciplinary process?
Click Here to contact our office.
I am a CPA who has an active reciprocal license in Tennessee. I do not reside in Tennessee. Am I subject to following Tennessee's Accountancy law and rules?
Yes. Please read section 62-1-117 and pay particular attention to paragraph 3.
I am not a CPA. I offer bookkeeping and tax preparation for my clients. Do I have to follow Tennessee's Accountancy law and rules?
No. The Board's jurisdiction is limited to licensed CPAs, PAs and licensed accounting firms. However, unlicensed individuals are not allowed to call themselves CPAs, PAs or accountants. Unlicensed individuals and firms should not advertise any public accounting services in any media. Unlicensed individuals can not issue audits, reviews or compilation reports. Non-licensee should utilize the Safe Harbor Language in connection with financial statements in Rule 0020-4-.06
What is the procedure in having a Peer Review?
All Tennessee registered firms that perform attest functions (audits, reviews, compilations or agreed upon procedures) must have a peer review completed once every three years.
Contact the TSCPA at 1-800-762-0272 or 615-377-3825 to register for your Peer Review.
If your firm is enrolled in the AICPA/TSCPA Peer Review Program, the TSCPA will provide the Board with the information regarding your enrollment in or withdrawal from their peer review program, the due date for your review, and the date of completion. If your firm is enrolled in the AICPA Peer Review Program through a state other than Tennessee, you must provide the board with proof of current enrollment in that peer review program.
Note: If you have any questions regarding the Peer Review Program, please contact the TNSBA Firm Permit Coordinator, at 615-741-2550. If you have questions concerning the AICPA/TSCPA's Peer Review program, please contact their Peer Review Coordinator, at 615-377-3825.
If I perform mostly write up work, is my firm subject to a peer review?
Yes, the issuance of a financial statement requires a minimum of a compilation report unless it is a SSARS 8 engagement; therefore your firm is due a peer review. If you render only SSARS 8 engagements you are not subject to a peer review.
If my practice consists mainly of tax or consulting work and I perform just one review for someone applying for a contractors license, will I be subject to peer review?
Yes, if you perform any attest work including financial statements, compilations, reviews, or audits, even if it's just one, you will be subject to peer review.
If I have a CPA firm in which I am the only CPA owner and/or employee but I form my firm as a PC with the Secretary of State can I include "& Associate(s)," "Company" or "Group" in the name of my firm?
No, a firm with only one CPA owner and/or employee may not use the terms "& Associate(s)," "Company" or "Group" in the name of the firm. Accountancy law prohibits the use of names that are false or misleading. A firm must have more than one CPA owner or employee to use such terms. Firm names should be approved by the Board prior to registration with the Secretary of State's Office.
I am from a foreign country, what requirements must I meet to sit for the CPA exam and receive a certificate in Tennessee?
You may get an application to sit for the CPA exam in Tennessee by
downloading an
from CPA Examination Services web site. Your education will have to be evaluated by a Foreign Credentials Evaluation Service. You do not have to be a US citizen to sit for the exam in Tennessee.
How do I change my CPA license status from Active to Inactive or Retired?
You can change your status by completing an Inactive or Retired affidavit available from our website at:
and submitting the original affidavit (NOT a copy) to the board. The affidavit must be notarized. Please note: you are advised to notify the Department of Revenue if you change your CPA license status from Active to Inactive or Retired status.
Who qualifies for an Inactive CPA license status?
Anyone not practicing public accounting qualifies to hold an Inactive CPA license. If you work in industry and do not perform accounting services for the public this license status releases you from the CPE reporting requirement. However, the license is still valid and you are still required to renew the license prior to its expiration date. Although prohibited from performing public accounting services, you may use your CPA designation on letterhead, business cards, resumes, etc., as long as it is accompanied by the word "Inactive".
Who qualifies for a Retired CPA license status?
You qualify to obtain a Retired CPA license if you are 55 years of age or above and are not in the practice of public accounting. Like Inactive licensees, you are released from the CPE reporting requirement, but are still required to renew the license and pay the renewal fee. Although prohibited from performing public accounting services, you may use your CPA designation on letterhead, business cards, resumes, etc., as long as it is accompanied by the word Retired.
How do I return my CPA license to Active status?
To return your CPA license status to Active, you will need to complete the
for reactivation of your CPA license and provide proof of completion of 80 hours of approved techical CPE within the 24 months immediately preceding the application submission date and send that information to the Board's office.
When do I no longer have to pay CPA licensing renewal fees?
Upon reaching the age of 65, if you do not practice public accounting, you can change your license status to "Retired over 65" by submitting the appropriate affidavit. At that time, you will no longer be billed for license renewal fees.
How do I change my name on my CPA license if I get married or divorced?
MARRIED: If you get married and wish to change your name you must complete and submit a
Name Change
form. The form must be accompanied by a copy of the original marriage certificate which has been notarized to indicate it is a true and exact copy of the original document.
DIVORCED: If you get divorced and wish to change your name you must complete and submit a
Name Change
form. The form must be accompanied by a copy of the original divorce decree which has been notarized to indicate it is a true and exact copy of the original document. The divorce decree must note the name change.
To get a new wall certificate with your changed name, you must return the old wall certificate and include $25 for a new certificate. A new license indicating the name change will be sent to your mailing address of record without charge.
How do I change my address on my CPA license file?
To update your address on your CPA license complete and submita a
Change of Address
form within 30 days of the change. Address change forms submitted within 30 days of the change can be faxed to the board at 615-532-8800. Address change forms sent in more than 30 days after the actual change must be mailed in with the $25 late fee.
If I am licensed and residing in another state what do I do with my TN CPA license?
Before you make a decision about what to do with your TN CPA license, contact the State Board of Accountancy in your state of residence to find out requirements they may have. If your state of residence requires you to maintain your TN license you will need to continue to renew your CPA license, pay the biennial renewal fee, submit CPE to the Tennessee State Board of Accountancy and pay the annual Professional Privilege Tax to the TN Department of Revenue. If your state of residence does not require you to maintain your TN license and you do not practice accounting in Tennessee or for Tennessee clients, then you may change your CPA status using one of the affidavits available on our website at:
A license search on the website shows my CPA license status as "Expired"; what does that mean?
"Expired" status means that your license has lapsed. This happens one year after the expiration date if the renewal process has not been completed. Contact the board at 615-741-2550 or 1-888-453-6150 to find out how to reinstate an "Expired" CPA license.
If I teach a course, how many CPE credits do I get?
If you teach a course which contributes directly to the professional competency of a CPA, you can obtain three CPE hours for each hour of class time that you teach. Teaching courses for credit is only allowable the first time the course is taught. Subsequent teaching for the same course work yields no CPE credit. The additional two hours of CPE is considered prep time. Remember, CPE earned through teaching is limited to no more than 50 percent of your total CPE requirements. Also, the sponsor must be registered with NASBA or be exempt from registration.
How do I determine which CPE sponsors are approved in Tennessee?
All sponsors must be registered with NASBA or they must be exempt from registering. Any sponsors registered with NASBA either on the CPE Registry or on the Tennessee Roster for group live courses or the NASBA QAS for other than group live courses are automatically approved for credit by the Tennessee State Board of Accountancy. Another area of sponsorship is comprised of sponsors such as colleges, universities, governmental entities, accounting associations or employer in-firm courses. These categories have automatic approval as exempt sponsors for Continuing Professional Education. The exempt sponsor is responsible for furnishing the person taking the course with a certificate of completion stating the date, course title, credits earned (hours) and the technical category (accounting, auditing, tax, ethics or MAS).
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Believe it, St. Louis - your beloved Cardinals are about
to become World Series Champions! Belive it or not - after the team's least-successful
regular season since 1999, a remarkable playoff run has culminated in this
moment of impending joy. As closer Adam Wainwright delivers the penultimate
pitch of the 2006 season to Detroit Tigers third baseman Brandon Inge...SNAP!
The moment is preserved for all-time, and is now available for your wall.
This spectacular panoramic poster, from the lens of the legendary photographer
Rob Arra, features New Busch Stadium in all its glory, looking brilliant
under the lights during the 2006 Fall Classic, as the Cards were about
to clinch their 10th World Series Championship. As you pan across the image,
you feel like you are there at the park, taking it all in on that historic
October night. It's all there...the intimate seating locations...the perfectly-groomed
grass...the classical steel lighting towers...the brilliantly-lit scoreboards
and ads...the red-clad fans in the stands...and, of course, all the heroes
on the field! Complete with a slick white-bordered design, the official
World Series logo, and the final scores of all five games, this is panoramic
poster perfection. Whether you were at the game that day to witness history,
are a long-time Cardinals fan who fell in love with this inspiring bunch,
or are simply a fan of America's pastime, this remarkable print is for
you! A must-have collector's item for the wall of any fan, perfect for
a nice frame and a prominent place on the wall of home or office. A limited-edition
release, this one won't be available forever...grab yours now while you
Product Specifications:


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Narrow your search
With its excellent design, useful software features, and low starting price, the Nexus 7 is the cheapest way to experience the best that the Android OS has to offer.
The Acer Iconia Tab A510 is a well-designed, comfortable tablet that's a bit too expensive for what it offers versus the competition.
This impossibly tiny drive barely sticks out of a USB port, so you can leave it there all the time. Great for storage-strapped laptops!
Surprisingly, this is new, not refurbished, and it's not a measly 16GB model, either.
Amazon's Fire Phone is priced competitively with the Apple iPhone 5S and Samsung Galaxy S5, but comes with 12 months of Amazon Prime for free.
But interested consumers won't want to dawdle. The sale lasts for two days only.
The no-contract carrier now lets you customize your Moto X and choose between 16GB and 32GB models.
It's new, not refurbished, and perhaps the lowest price to date on Google's flagship tablet.
The 32GB version of the Windows Phone handset costs $250 with the usual two-year contract.
The black Nexus 5 with 32GB of storage is back on sale, but you could be waiting a month for it to arrive.


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Surprised by Meaning
McGrath's goal is to help readers see that science is neither anathema to faith, nor does it supersede faith. Both science and faith help with the overriding human desire to make sense of things. -Amazon
The Resource Finder has powerful filtering features — check out the tutorial to learn more.
McGrath's goal is to help readers see that science is neither anathema to faith, nor does it supersede faith. Both science and faith help with the overriding human desire to make sense of things. -Amazon
By all accounts, my faith should have perished the moment I started asking questions about faith and science. All my life I'd been taught that I had to choose—between believing the Bible and believing my science book, between honoring God and embracing evolution.
Alister McGrath examines the significance of current scientific understanding to natural theology.
John Polkinghorne and Nicholas Beale respond to key questions about the interaction of science and faith.
Saving Darwin traces the cultural motivations of the anti-Darwin movement and addresses it in both theological and scientific terms.
The Language of God combines Collins's faith and experiences as a genetics researcher with discussions of science and spirituality.
A chronicle of the scientific creationism movement explains the beliefs of recent creationists and surveys the scientific and religious responses to evolutionary theory. - Google Books
Is science fact and religion just opinion? Is there the mind of a Creator behind the universe? Can a scientist pray? This book provides a clear, lively and frank set of answers to these fundamental issues. - Amazon
Using the insights of modern physics, Barr reveals that modern scientific discoveries and religious faith are deeply consonant.
A series of lectures given by Polkinghorne exploring the compatibility and interaction of faith and science.
Peter Harrison examines the role played by the Bible in the emergence of natural science. He shows how both the contents of the Bible, and more particularly the way it was interpreted, had a profound influence on conceptions of nature from the third century to the seventeenth. -Amazon
Polkinghorne examines the Nicene Creed and presents the evidence for why it is true and relevant today.


text:
The Community of Disc Golfers and About All Things Disc Golf
Views: 1
I have, the last time he beat me on the course and I wish I hadn't.I've never seen you throw 300ft. :)
George, that hole is only 150ft but after playing with you, you're lucky you didn't lose more. :)
© 2015 Created by Terry "the Pirate" Calhoun.


text:
Kanye West, Kim Kardashian Pregnant: Singer Announces Happy News While on Stage
ATLANTIC CITY, N.J. (AP) - A kid for Kimye: Kanye West and Kim Kardashian are expecting their first child.
The rapper announced at a concert Sunday night that his girlfriend is pregnant. He told the crowd of more than 5,000 at Revel Resort's


text:
See other London properties
PubLove @ The Great Eastern, Greenwich
Real Reviews
Real reviews from fellow travellers
These are trusted reviews from guests who have actually stayed here. We hope you find them helpful.
Note: we only give a property a rating once it has received a minimum of 3 reviews.
- Page:1/1
- " I only stayed for one night but it was enjoyable. Great if you're travelling around the Greenwich area. "
- 01 Aug 2015 Richard Wales
- " The common room is so cool and has a great vibe, a lot of couches to sit and relax after a long day, you can also order food, have a couple of drinks! I actually spent more time in that common room than my own room! One thing I didn't like was the cleaning stuff, I mean, I don't know if people is very dirty or if the staff doesn't clean. The first day I arrived, the bathroom was dirty as hell. But the next days they were very clean. Also the breakfast was very good, simple, but good! "
- 07 Mar 2015 Laura Panama
- " The hostel was in a very good position, not very far from the tube station. The service was very good and the employs very professional (A+). Some minor things to change , like the furniture and some minor things needed , like places to recharge the battery phone inside the rooms. "
- 11 Jan 2015 Anonymous Italy
- " Very conveniently located near DLR Station and easy to find. Amazing large common room with comfy couches. Breakfast is included but unimpressive: sugary cereals and white bread. Not good if you're allergic to gluten (please include some fruit!). I was in a 15 bed dorm and the triple bunks were terrifying. The top bunk was about 7 feet off the ground with no railings and it swayed. I have stayed in triple bunks before and never felt so unsafe. The showers flood and some of them don't work. "
- 02 Jan 2015 Anonymous Canada
- " Uh, I just gotta say. A pub advertising real ales that has only one on tap, and runs out of it and stays out of it for days? Add to that showers that swamp the floor and are cold unless you take your shower at unusual hours. Plus, I had two reservations for four consecutive days. I had this situation at two hostels this trip. Great Eastern made me move out for the day and move back in that night. The other hostel didn't. Plus, no kitchen of any kind, no laundry. The staff did their best. "
- 16 Sep 2014 Erin USA


text:
Catfish Lake Comments
Catfish Lake Comments
Catfish Lake Fishing: Fishing Site Catfish Lake in Craven County North Carolina is located on the map above. Find Fishing Gear, a Fishing Rod, a Fishing Reel, Fishing Tackle, or any Fisherman Equipment you can think of, using the buttons on the left. An experienced Catfish Lake, North Carolina Fishing Guide can help you navigate the Catfish Lake area and provide Fishing Tips for Catfish Lake hot spots and what bait or lure techniques to be used or find a spot to simply throw a party and have fun.
From Coast to Coast, find information on current fishing laws, state fishing records, what is going on in your area, and sites to avoid. See who is pulling in what. I Have fished Catfish Lake! Make a comment today about Catfish Lake to be automatically entered into our drawing. Win Rods, Reels and more!


text:
Tulsa, OK (Sports Network) - Kevin Durant scored a game-high 22 points to lead the Oklahoma City Thunder past the Phoenix Suns, 107-97, in preseason action on Friday.
Russell Westbrook added 18 points and 12 assists, while Serge Ibaka finished with 13 points and eight rebounds for the Thunder.
Cole Aldrich contributed 12 points and six boards in the win.
Wesley Johnson paced the Suns with 15 points, PJ Tucker finished with 11 and Solomon Jones had 10 as no Phoenix starter recorded double digits.
The Suns trailed 82-75 entering the fourth quarter and opened the frame with a 10-3 run to cut their deficit to 88-85.
But they would get no closer as Oklahoma City countered with a 12-2 spurt to stretch its lead to 100-87 with just over four minutes left and held at least a nine-point edge for the remainder of the contest.
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text:
Just listened to the John Elway interview talking about the success Peyton Manning has had making his comeback , why Elway believed in him and so on and why they went after him.
Of course Elway answered his hard work ethic and Manning's love for the game and the Doctors advice that he would make recovery 100%.
Then he was asked about the success of Andrew Luck specifically and how he compared to Andrew Luck in his rookie year and Elway said there was no comparison to him in his rookie year and that it goes to show how high schools and colleges have players more advanced today and ready to play in the NFL today. He mentioned RGIII in making his point and never even mentions Ryan Tannehill.
What's strange is if Manning is never injured and the Colts had a decent record, then Manning is never traded, the Bronco's have Tebow, someone else drafts Andrew Luck and everything changes.
It's interesting hearing at the start of the season Tannehill's name being mentioned in the same sentence as Luck, RGIII by all these experts at the beginning of the season, and the fact that Tannehill played wide receiver and knows exactly where ball placement needs to be, but we're not hearing that now are we.
That's Luck for you, many predicted Manning would land here, but history and John Elway changed all that.
It makes sense now, Peyton didn't want to face Tom Brady 3X a year, so he went to a weak division......!


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Nov 7, 2002
|Filing date
|Apr 8, 2002
|Priority date
|Jun 29, 1999
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Phillip Seder, J. Carr, Burt Perry, Geoffrey Rhoads
|Original Assignee
|Seder Phillip Andrew, Carr J. Scott, Perry Burt W., Rhoads Geoffrey B.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Referenced by (43), Classifications (10), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
[0001] The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/629,401, filed Aug. 1, 2000 (Allowed). The Ser. No. 09/629,401 application is a continuation-in-part of copending applications Ser. No. 09/343,104, filed Jun. 29, 1999, and Ser. No. 09/571,422, filed May 15, 2000.
[0002] The present invention relates to management of physical objects, including paper documents and computer disks.
[0003] The parent applications disclose a document management system that is described, in part, by the following example:
[0004] An Excel spreadsheet is printed onto paper, and the paper becomes buried in a stack of clutter on an office worker's desk. Months later the spreadsheet again becomes relevant and is dug out of the stack. Changes need to be made to the data, but the file name has long-since been forgotten. A worker simply holds the dug-out page in front of a camera associated with a desktop computer. A moment later, the electronic version of the file appears on the worker's computer display.
[0005] When the page was originally printed, tiny droplets of ink or toner were distributed across the paper in a pattern so light as to be essentially un-noticeable, but which steganographically encoded the page with a plural-bit binary number (e.g., 64 bits). A database (e.g., maintained by the operating system, the Excel program, the printer driver, etc.) stored part of this number (e.g., 24 bits, termed a UID) in association with the path and file name at which the electronic version of the file was stored, the page number within the document, and other useful information (e.g., author of the file, creation date, etc.).
[0006] The steganographic encoding of the document, and the updating of the database, can be performed by the software application (e.g., Excel). This option can be selected once by the user and applied thereafter to all printed documents (e.g., by a user selection on an "Options" drop-down menu), or can be presented to the user as part of the Print dialog window and selected (or not) for each print job.
[0007] When such a printed page is later presented to the camera, the computer automatically detects the presence of the encoded data on the page, decodes same, consults the database to identify the file name/location/page corresponding to the 24-bit UID data, and opens the identified file to the correct page (e.g., after launching Excel). Voila!
[0008] Sometimes there may be several different responses that are possible or appropriate for the encoded object. In the case of a printed office document, for example, one response may be as described above—to present the electronic version of the file on a computer, ready for editing. But other responses may also be desired, such as writing an email message to the author of the printed document, with the author's email address already specified in the message address field, etc. Various ways of selecting between such options are disclosed.
[0009] The parent applications note that such systems can be effected not just with steganographic encoding (e.g., digital watermarks), but other encoding as well—e.g., bar codes.
[0010] In the discussion that follows, the present specification expands and enhances the concepts introduced in the parent applications.
[0011]FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a document management system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0012]FIG. 2 shows a printed document in which embedded hyperlinks are underlined.
[0013]FIG. 3 shows portions of a database record associated with the FIG. 2 document.
[0014] In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a steganographic watermark is added to a document at the time of printing. The printing may be done by a standard office printer (e.g., ink-jet, laser, etc.), or a large clustered on-demand document printer. Each document copy thus contains a mark that can be used to uniquely identify the document. Such marks can be registered in a database and used to link to information about the document.
[0015] This functionality can be achieved in various ways. For example, the application program that generated the document (e.g., Microsoft Word or Excel, Adobe Photoshop, etc.) can add the necessary markings to the output data provided to a printer driver. Or the printer driver can perform the function—adding the necessary markings to the output data provided from the application program. A microprocessor within the printer can alternatively perform the function—adding the necessary markings to the data output by the printer driver software. Or this functionality can be performed by various combinations of the foregoing. Etc.
[0016] An election to add a watermark to the printed output can be made by the user. This election can be made once, e.g., at the time of printer driver installation, and consistently applied thereafter. Or it can be made on a print-job by print-job or page by page basis, e.g., through a print dialog presented by the application program when the user requests printed output. Or the watermark can be added all the time—without any user election or involvement.
[0017] Turning to a particular example, consider the arrangement shown in FIG. 1. An application program 12, such as Microsoft Word or Excel, Adobe Photoshop, etc., sends print data to a software printer driver 14. A watermark data payload that is to be associated with the printed page is either generated internally by the printer driver, or received from an external input 16. In the depicted system this payload is a 32 bit identifier.
[0018] (The length of the payload depends on the application. In some cases, a single bit payload will suffice (e.g., it may serve as a flag to convey a single item of status information about a document—such as confidential, do-not-copy, draft, etc.) Or several such flags may be conveyed by a relatively short payload. Certain textual or numeric information may be literally encoded by the payload, such as the date and time the document was printed (e.g., a 24-bit number representing the number of elapsed minutes since Jan. 1, 2000). The foregoing are examples of direct data encoding. Indirect data encoding, such as the 32 bit identifier cited above, uses the payload as an index into another data repository in which large collections of data can be stored. This collection (sometimes called a "record") may include meta-data associated with the document, such as date, author, size, keywords, file name and storage address, footnotes or other annotations, checksum, etc. In one particular embodiment, identifiers are issued sequentially, with each document thereby assigned a unique identifier.)
[0019] By reference to the payload data, the printer driver modifies the print instructions sent to the printer so as to introduce the subtle markings associated with the corresponding steganographic watermark. In some regions of the printed page this entails depositing more ink (or toner); in other regions in may entail depositing less ink. Subtle color variations can also be introduced to effect the encoding.
[0020] If the printer driver generates the identifier data itself—rather than receiving the identifier externally—then the identifier will typically need to be stored in a database 18 (or other data structure). Accordingly, the FIG. 1 arrangement shows the printer driver providing the identifier to the database. This database may be stored at a user computer 20, at a remote computer, or may be distributed in some fashion. (If the database 18 is remote from the user computer 20, it would be prudent to encrypt the data transmitted to the database as a security precaution.) Management of the database may be through a dedicated database program (e.g., Microsoft Access), or it can be a simple table data structure or the like maintained by the printer driver itself. (If the identifier data is received externally, this data may be written to the database by the same program that generated or provided the identifier data to the printer driver.)
[0021] When, thereafter, the printed document is presented to an optical device, a software program decodes the payload from the steganographic watermark and initiates a corresponding action. If the payload represents status or textual information, the user can be advised of such information (e.g., by a corresponding screen display), or the sensing computer system can take some action based on the information (e.g., refusing to perform a reproduction operation). If the payload represents an identifier, the database 18 is queried for corresponding data, and this data is used in providing a user response. In the case earlier reviewed, the database record contains the file name and storage address of the electronic version of the printed file. The corresponding application program (e.g., Microsoft Word) is then invoked (if it is not already running), and the identified file is accessed from the specified address and opened. The document is thereby presented on the user's screen—ready for editing.
[0022] As with Internet hyperlinks, a problem can arise if a document has been moved from the address associated with that document in the database. One way of managing this is by a software program (which may be terned a daemon) that monitors movements of files within a computer's (or network's) file system, and updates any database records referring to such file locations. Another is for a software program to check all document addresses in the database, e.g., as a background process, to confirm that the referenced document is in the expected location. If a file is not found, the program can undertake an automated search for the file in other locations (e.g., checking file identity by checksum data or the like), and automatically updating database references as appropriate. If files that haven't been accessed for a prolonged period are periodically archived in compressed form on online archival storage, the software program may review recent entries to the archive list and identify the archived location of certain moved files in this fashion. Or the program can simply report missing files to the user so that the user can manually identify a new file location to the database. If a missing file cannot be located, the date of its disappearance can be written into the database record so that, if the document is later needed, the date might be available to help investigate the document's disappearance. Yet another approach that obviates the problem of moved files is to make an archival copy of each file, at the time of printing, in database 18.
[0023] In certain applications involving confidential or otherwise secure documents, access to some or all of the stored data may be restricted. In such case, access may be denied unless the user demonstrates suitable authority, e.g., by a password (which may have been earlier entered, such as a network or login password), or by providing some other security token. The token may take the form of biometric identity data, such as voice-print, fingerprint, retinal scan, etc., or may take another form.
[0024] In some embodiments, showing the printed document to the optical sensor may cause the computer to present a variety of information, including menu options, to the user. One of the menu options may be to recall the electronic version of the document for editing, as just-described. Other menu options may permit review, or action, based on the associated meta-data.
[0025] Increasingly, printed documents include reference to on-line resources—most commonly Internet web pages but sometimes PDF documents, audio or video clips, multi-media presentations, locally-stored files, etc. Microsoft Word and other programs include provision for associating links with text. In Word, this is done by highlighting an excerpt of text, selecting Hyperlink from the Insert menu, and then specifying the path (electronic address) and file (object name) to be associated with that text. Word responds by changing the appearance of the text (e.g., by underlining, and changing color), and embedding the specified link in the electronic version of the document. Such a document is shown in FIG. 2.
[0026] When the document is printed, such links can be sensed and stored in a database record associated with that document, and thereafter shown to the user when the printed document is presented to an optical input device.
[0027] In one such embodiment, the printer driver monitors print data, looking for text having formatting that is characteristic of an embedded link (e.g., blue text, underlined). Additionally, the printer driver can look for text conforming to standardized addressing protocols (e.g., text beginning with "http:// . . . " or "ftp:// . . . " or "www . . . ") When such text is found, the printer driver can store the corresponding link in the database 18 in association with an identifier for that document.
[0028] In the case of an explicit address (e.g., "http:// . . . "), the address text itself is copied into the database. In the case of characteristically-formatted text (signifying an embedded link), the printer driver can query the application program that sent the output for printing, to determine the link address associated with each such excerpt of text. These links are stored in the database, together with the text excerpts to which they correspond. (Again, the printer driver inserts at least one steganographic watermark in the printed output—serving to identify the document.) Database excerpts corresponding to the FIG. 2 document, are shown in FIG. 3. (In this example, the document identifier is 186282.)
[0029] As in the embodiment detailed earlier, when this printed page is later shown to an optical sensor, decoder software reads a document identifier from the watermark payload and uses the identifier to access one or more database records corresponding to the document. If the record(s) includes one or more links, these can be displayed on the computer screen—available for the user to click and follow. By such arrangement, associated on-line resources are made readily available when reviewing paper documents.
[0030] The printer driver's monitoring needn't be limited to on-line resource references. The print data can be monitored for various other types of information, and these other items of information can be stored in the database. One example is document titles, or headings. These can be identified in the printed output by formatting, e.g., set apart from surrounding text by font size, print attribute (bold, underlined, italics), style, or set-apart on a line to themselves—not ending in a period, etc. If such information is captured at print time and stored in the database 18 in association with the document identifier, the database can serve as an index of sorts to the document contents. The database can later be searched for words or phrases of interest, and documents matching the query can thereby be identified. In some cases, every word in a document (except common noise words) can be logged in a corresponding database record, thereby generating—in real time—an index or table of contents to all documents printed by a given printer or printer driver.
[0031] In some applications, the watermark with which the printed document is encoded may be fragile. That is, the watermark may be designed (e.g., by low strength) not to survive expected corruption mechanisms (e.g., the scanning and printing associated with photocopying, compression and decompression associated with JPEG electronic document storage, etc.). If such a mark is not found in a later-encountered document, then the document can be inferred to be a reproduction rather than the original.
[0032] Such a frail watermark can be in addition to a robust watermark—one designed to withstand expected corruption mechanisms. Only if both watermarks are detected in scan data from an object is the object inferred to be an original. Equipment processing the scanned document data can respond differently depending on whether the document is inferred to be an original or a copy, e.g., permitting or disabling certain operations.
[0033] In some embodiments it may be desirable for the user to identify himself or herself to the system—preferably in a non-repudiable way (e.g., password or other security token)—when the document is serialized or otherwise assigned an identifier. The database 18 can then log this person's identity in association with that print-out, in case this fact later becomes an issue. Relatedly, it may be desirable for the person who printed the document to specify the intended recipient(s). This data, too, can be stored in the database in association with the identifier that is watermarked in the printed document. If both measures are employed, then when a document is presented to a camera, the responding system can identify both the user who printed the document, and the intended recipient.
[0034] Relatedly, digital signature technology can be employed in conjunction with printed documents. As is familiar to those skilled in the art, digital signatures generally involve applying a hash function or the like to a document file, yielding a signature that is stored for later use. If the document file is thereafter changed, even by a single bit, it will no longer yield the same hashed output, or digital signature.
[0035] In the present context, the digital signature generated from an electronic document can be encoded in a printed document as the payload of an embedded watermark, or can be included in a database record identified by the watermark. If the printed document is thereafter shown to a camera, and an electronic version of the document is retrieved from storage, the signature of the retrieved file can be checked against the signature as represented in the watermark or as stored in the database record. If the signatures don't match, the electronic version of the document is known to have been altered.
[0036] Checksums derived from the electronic version of a document can be used in similar fashion to digital signatures.
[0037] Still another option is to encrypt an electronic version of a file, and encode an encoding key in a watermark in the printed document (or in a database record identified by the watermark). The person who encrypted the document knows the key and can open the electronic file. But third parties cannot open the electronic version of the document, unless they have custody of a printed version of the document. (This is an application where a fragile watermark would be beneficial, so that custody of a photocopy would not be sufficient to gain access to the electronic file.)
[0038] Similarly, printed documents may convey (or may point to database records containing) encryption keys permitting electronic access to unrelated documents.
[0039] It will be recognized that public key encryption, as well as private key encryption, can be used in certain of the foregoing contexts.
[0040] Techniques like those reviewed above in connection with office document can be applied to other objects as well. A "document" can thus be any object with printing, such as packaging.
[0041] Consider a catalog for a data storage medium, such as a diskette, disk, tape, CD, or DVD. Files can be copied onto the medium, and an electronic directory listing can be generated (e.g., by using the DIR function of DOS, or the counterpart functions provided in Microsoft Windows and other operating systems). If desired, the directory listing can be annotated by a user, e.g., by adding descriptive information.
[0042] This listing is stored in a data structure (e.g., a table, database, etc.) in association with index data. This index data is encoded in a watermark or other machine-readable indicia and printed on a label that is applied to the medium. (Additional data can also be printed on the label in human-intelligible form, such a text giving the date the diskette was labeled, the proprietor of the disk, a descriptive name or summary of disk contents, etc.)
[0043] By holding such a labeled disk to a webcam, video camera, optical mouse, or other optical input device, a listing of the disk's contents can rapidly be displayed. (As is now familiar, the optical input device provides image data corresponding to the label to a watermark detector. The watermark payload that is output from the watermark detector is used to index the data structure, permitting access to the corresponding directory listing. This listing is then presented on the computer screen for display.)
[0044] The user may be invited to specify certain search parameters, such as author, file date, file name, etc. Only files in the directory listing meeting the specified criteria can then be displayed. If a particular file name is specified, the user can hold diskettes up to the webcam in rapid succession, permitting dozens of diskettes to be surveyed in a minute or so, looking for the desired diskette.
[0045] The display presented to the user may include content listings of a collection of disks—not just the disk presented to the webcam. For example, presentation of a 3� inch diskette to the webcam may prompt a listing of all 3� inch diskette contents contained in the data structure, or all such disks labeled on the same date as the diskette presented by the user to the webcam (in both cases, with the contents of the user-presented diskette listed first). If the file sought is not cataloged as being on the first-listed diskette list, a Search or Find function can be executed on the listing to identify another diskette on which a desired file is stored. (The identification of like-media can be effected by selecting index identifiers from different ranges for different media. Thus 3� inch diskettes may have identifiers in one range, CDs may have identifiers in another, etc.)
[0046] The data structure may be posted to a shared resource on a network, so that this functionality can be effected on an enterprise-wide basis, encompassing large collections of files stored on diverse media.
[0047] The arrangement just detailed can be adapted for use in other contexts, to provide electronic listing of data associated with diverse physical objects
[0048] From the foregoing, it will be recognized that embodiments according to the present invention permit data about an object to be accessed simply by showing the object to a webcam or the like.
[0049] Having described and illustrated the principles of the invention with reference to illustrative embodiments, it should be recognized that the invention is not so limited.
[0050] For example, while the detailed embodiments were described as employing steganographic digital watermarks, the same principles can likewise be utilized in conjunction with other marking techniques, including 1D and 2D bar codes, data glyphs, OCR, magnetic ink, etc.
[0051] Essentially any digital watermarking technology can be used in the described embodiments. One particular technology is detailed in the present assignee's patent application Ser. No. 09/503,881, filed Feb. 14, 2000, and in other references cited herein. Those skilled in the watermarking art are familiar with a great number of particular watermarking techniques.
[0052] In some cases, printing is not required to effect a digital watermark. For example, the watermarking can be effected by texturing, e.g., as disclosed in the present assignee's U.S. Pat. No. 5,822,436.
[0053] While the invention was particularly described with reference to an implementation involving a Windows printer driver, other forms of implementation are possible. Consider, for example, Adobe Postscript—a popular page description language implemented in many office printers. Watermarking may be included as an intrinsic feature of a Postscript printer engine (or any page description lanaguage). As part of printing a document, any embedded links could be registered in a suitable database 18, and the printing commands could be modified to include the appropriate ID with the setup for each page. Addition of a tint to effect watermarking could be provided when the document is converted by the engine from text to ink/toner/dye. A further advantage here is that the printer itself could have certain meta-data associated with it that is conveyed in the watermark or stored in a database record to which the watermark points (e.g., data specifying that the document was printed on a HP LaserJet 8000, with a network name of "XYZ," having port address of \\Cobra\LGL-HP8000, from a print job originated by user BCONWELL, etc., etc.). And the embedding process may be tuned by the vendor implementing the Postscript engine on their platform for optimal performance.
[0054] The illustration of the invention in the context of office documents and diskettes should not be taken as limiting its utility. To name but one other application, blueprints and other construction drawings can be encoded with a watermark. Again, the watermark can directly encode meta data, or can point to a data structure where such further information is stored.
[0055] One of many applications of such information is to ensure that a contractor is working from the latest revision of a drawing. A camera-equipped cell phone, or wireless palmtop computer with imaging capability, can be used by the contractor to acquire image data from the drawing, decode the embedded watermark ID, query a remote database for the latest revision number of that drawing, and present the latest revision number to the contractor. The contractor can check the number thus-obtained with the revision number printed in the title block of the drawing. If they match, the contractor is assured that the drawing depicts the latest information. (Blueprints and construction diagrams are forgiving media—the watermark needn't be invisible. The strength of the watermark can thus be increased to the point that a pebbling or grainy effect appears on the background of a drawing without reducing the drawing's functionality for its intended use.)
[0056] While the invention was described with reference to certain functionality implemented in software, this is not essential. Hardware, of a combination of hardware and software can be used in other embodiments. Likewise, the form of optical detector is not crucial. 2D sensor arrays, such as CCD and CMOS cameras (still or video) can be employed. So, too, can 1D sensor arrays, such as are conventionally found in scanners. Single photosensor systems, such as laser diodes with photodiodes can also be used.
[0057] The foregoing techniques can be employed in conjunction with teachings of various of the present assignee's co-pending applications, including Ser. No. 09/074,034 (filed May 6, 1998), Ser. No. 09/127,502 (filed Jul. 31, 1998), Ser. No. 09/185,380 (filed Nov. 3, 1998), and the parent application cited above. For example, the '034 and '502 applications disclose arrangements for watermarking blank paper stock, the principles of which can be employed to mark printed output.
[0058] To provide a comprehensive disclosure without unduly lengthening this specification, applicants incorporate by reference the patents and applications cited above.
[0059] In view of the wide variety of embodiments to which the principles and features discussed above can be applied, it should be apparent that the detailed embodiments are illustrative only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. Rather, we claim as our invention all such modifications as may come within the scope and spirit of the following claims and equivalents thereof.
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|European Classification
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3M Scotchlite Reflective Striping Tape is a reflective film which is intended to provide light reflective properties in darkness. Safety and nighttime visibility may be improved with the 3M Scotchlite Reflective Series Film 680 product. Primary uses include commercial vehicles, cars, automobiles, boats, railroad and bus graphics; sign graphics; and striping (great for motorcycle helmets). The black film, which reflects whitish/tan at night when hit by light, has a typical coefficient of retroreflection of 30. Meets NFPA requirements. Please note 3M uses the same Scotchcal retail packaging for all their striping tapes (whether they are reflective or not); however this tape is Scotchlite reflective striping tape and the correct product numbers listed below will be on the retail packaging:
Photometric Performance
(1 to 7 rolls)
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Offers the widest range of application flexibility available. Exhibits excellent processing performance whether manually or automatically applied. Has superior tensile strength, adhesion properties and holding force which ensures consistent, reliable seals. Hot melt adhesive will bond faster to a surface which is referred to as quick-grab or quick-stick. It typically has higher tack (will feel stickier to the touch), but is also softer. It has lower heat resistance, shear resistance, and sometimes UV resistance than an acrylic adhesive. NOTE: it is called hot melt because the adhesive is applied hot by the manufacturer and then hardens as it cools (you do not need to apply heat to the tape yourself).
Properties are similar to that of hot melt rubber, but natural rubber often holds where other adhesives won't (recycled fibers, dust, cold, heat and heavy loads). It provides good overall adhesion and moisture resistance.
Offer excellent performance, especially for applications in temperatures less than 40°F and greater then 120°F. It provides excellent clarity, has high shear strength, is usually more permanent/durable even when exposed to moisture, and it ages well over extended periods in fluorescent and sunlight. Since it remains clear for the life of the application and does not yellow over time it is ideal for applications such as sealing white cartons. While it has good initial adhesion it does take 24-48 hours to cure and to achieve its maximum bond strength (has gradual adhesion buildup). Another difference between hot melt rubber and acrylic adhesive is if you fold tape over making the two adhesive sides touch the acrylic adhesive will remain attached to the carrier (e.g. paper, film) while a hot melt adhesive will stick to itself and pull off of the carrier. It is the best choice for clarity, UV resistance and aging characteristics.
Is great for extreme temperature applications since silicone adhesive can work in continuous operating temperatures from -100°F to 500°F. They also exhibit good chemical resistance, retain electrical properties, and remove cleanly with little or no residue.
Zinc oxide based adhesive formula is a skin-friendly adhesive which is commonly used on sports medicine tapes.
Examples: 1/16 inch = 62.5 mils; 1/32 inch = 31.25 mils
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dravenrIn Topics: Helping my child with social studies / history
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My daughter has to do a poster theme on History and Culture of black Americans: Politics. She wants to do it on Women in Black History. We need help.
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Tiger Beat, "16″ and Playboy – Your Favorite Pin-Up [POLL]
For the ladies, Tiger Beat and "16" Magazine were the bibles of growing up.
For guys, mostly it was Playboy, and they usually belonged to your father or older cousin.
(My cousin Dominick used to have stacks of them!)
As far as Tiger Beat and "16" went, my sister Laura collected them by the dozens


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Scare up some fun!
Serve these easy-to-make scary spiders and edible eyeballs to help spook your Halloween party guests.
Buy this ingredient
1. Place small teaspoon of icing on top of prepared poppers.
2. Cut licorice into thin strips for legs. Secure the licorice legs with extra icing.
3. Top with black candy or blueberries.
3. Make eyes with colored icing.
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Back in June (http://streetskaterfu.blogspot.com/2...messenger.html), iQD and me worked on a PC client messenger to write with people who are online via their PS3 in the PlayStation Network.
Well, the sad truth is: The PSN uses a token system which we could not reverse fully yet. The most is done server- and firmware-side so nearly impossible except we could decrypt and analyse several firmware .sprx files.
Anyway, now we release 2 parts of the full cake which will be used in the full program, if it ever will be finished. If not, you still can use those both as standalone applications.
The first: PSN Account Mail Checker
The mail checker is used to find out yout real username used by the PSN to get more information about your account and login several services. Here you just select your region and enter your PSN ID. After, a XML file will be created which contains your "real" PSN server side username.
The syntax is like this: [email protected]
The second: PSN Account Info Reader
After you executed the first application and received your mail-like username, you can start the second program. Select your region again and input your "username". Another XML file will be created, containing your actual PSN-comment, your main languages, your PSN avatar etc.
To prevent legal problems, we don't provide any keys for functioning properly (don't even ask for it). Anyway we implemented a function which allows you to try any key-file which should be named key.txt. Place the key.txt in the same folder as the both executables --> done. If it's the correct one, the appz will work :)
Download: (Linux 64Bit & 32Bit)
PSN Account Mail Checker & Info Reader (Linux) (Mirror 1) / PSN Account Mail Checker & Info Reader (Linux) (Mirror 2)
If you are good with networking and want to take part in the messenger project to finally get all working mail me: [email protected]
- SKFU & iQD
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