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Posts »New Post Screen
When creating a new post on WordPress.com, you may notice that you have a variety of boxes, also known as "modules". These modules offer customizable options for publishing your post, such as adding Tags to entry or selecting whether or not comments are allowed on your post.
The Editor is where you type the content of your post. For more information on using your editor, please see this guide.
The publish module includes your Post Status, Post Visibility, and when your post was published.
The Post Status shows whether a post is published or unpublished.
- Published – The post has been published on your blog for all to see.
- Scheduled – When the post's timestamp is set in the future for automatic publishing. See Schedule a Post for more information.
- Pending Review – The post has been submitted by a Contributor. It must be published by an Editor or Administrator before it is visible to blog readers.
- Draft – An unpublished post. The post will not be visible to readers until the post is published.
You can learn more about changing your Post Visibility, including password protecting a post, here. You can also schedule a post by following this guide.
Post Title and Permalink URL
The Title and URL of a post are related by default. When you initially type the title of your post, the post slug (used in the permalink/URL) is automatically created.
The post slug is the part of the URL after the date in a post's URL. When the default post slug is created, all letters will be converted to lowercase, spaces will be exchanged with dashes, and any special characters will be removed.
You can modify the post slug by clicking the Edit button next to it. When you're finished editing, click OK. After you are done making your changes don't forget to click the Update button to update the post and save these changes.
This is especially handy if, for example, your page title is very long, but you would like a URL that people can remember more easily.
If your language uses a non-western character set, long post titles can break post slugs. To fix that, shorten the post slug to a single word.
Keep in mind that only the post slug can be changed. You cannot change any other part of the url such as removing the date.
Post Format
For themes that support post formats, you have the ability to select which format you'd like to use for each post. Learn more about formatting options here.
Tags and Categories
Tags and categories allow you to group your posts together and take advantage of our Topics pages to connect with the WordPress.com community. You can learn more about adding tags and categories to your posts here. For more information on the difference between tags and categories, take a look at our Categories vs. Tags support page.
Writing Helper
The Writing Helper helps you to finish your posts with our Copy a Post and Request Feedback tools.
The Discussion module is used to turn the discussion options on/off for the post. There are checkboxes for:
- Allow comments on this post
- Allow trackbacks and pingbacks on this post
If you want to set the defaults for these checkboxes, you can do so in the Discussion Settings of the blog.
If you are editing a previously published post, the Comments module shows any comments for the post.
For more information about working with the comments in this module, please see Discussion Module Comments.
Likes and Shares
The Likes and Shares module is where you can enable or disable the Like button or Sharing buttons on your individual post. For information on modifying and activating your Sharing buttons, please visit your Settings > Sharing page.
Post Author
The Author module is used to change the author of a post. To change a post's author, use the dropdown menu to select the new author and click Update or Publish to save the changes.
Some themes support using Excerpts, or summaries, of your post. To learn more about adding excerpts to your site, head on over here.
Trackbacks are a way of letting other bloggers know when you've linked to their site. This happens automatically between WordPress.com blogs. To learn how to send trackbacks to other blogs, please visit our support page on Trackbacks.
If you're missing one of the modules listed above on your New Post or Edit Post page, you may need to enable it in your Screen Options settings. This guide explains how to enable and disable the modules on your New Post page.


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Category Main Page
Articles & Reviews
Main Nibbles
Articles & Reviews Of Foods
From A To Z
Product Reviews
Main Page
Food, Beverages, Books,
News & More
January 2009
It's easy to roast bell peppers, poblanos or other chiles for recipes. Using the flame of a gas stove or a broiler, just follow these simple steps:
Photo by Nicholas Raymond | SXC.
Recipe © 2008 McCormick. All rights reserved. Other material © Copyright 2005-
Lifestyle Direct, Inc. All rights reserved. Images are the copyright of their respective owners.

subset: commoncrawl


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This story was updated on April 7, 2013.
Montgomery County police identified Colleen Nicole Bell, 20, of the 19100 block of Highstream Drive in Germantown as the fatality in a car crash in Germantown early Saturday morning.
According to the Montgomery County Police Department press release, at approximately 2:31 a.m., officers from the 5th District and Fire/Rescue personnel responded to the report of a serious collision on Mateny Road at Clopper Road in Germantown. Preliminary investigation revealed that a blue, 2004 Honda Civic was traveling north on Mateny Road. As the Honda entered the intersection of Mateny and Clopper roads, it collided with a Regency taxicab traveling east on Clopper Road. For reasons still under investigation, the Honda spun 180 degrees and traveled south on Mateny Road. It left the right side of the road and struck a tree. Bell succumbed to her injuries on the scene, according to the Montgomery County Police Department press release.
The driver of the cab, Mabeen Basharat, 31, of Steeple Court in Germantown, reported an injury but was not transported to the hospital.
The collision remains under investigation. Anyone with information regarding this collision is asked to contact the Collision Reconstruction Unit at 240-773-6620. Callers may remain anonymous.


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Iron Duck Wheeled Bag - Only $489
Available in purple with midwifery logo and black
Click on images for more information
*Sale Ends Tuesday September 8, 2015
Welcome to Cascade HealthCare Products! We are a woman-owned business and leading provider of high quality midwifery supplies, medical equipment and natural health care products. We have proudly been serving the midwifery and medical industry since 1979. Our core belief is to support all contemporary health care providers, which is reflected in our carefully selected product line of quality medical equipment and natural products.
Thank you for visiting our site, we truly look forward to working with you!
We focus on offering our customers competitive pricing on trusted name brands, such as Welch Allyn, Miltex, Ambu, Huntleigh, Childbirth Graphics, Nicolet, Birth Pool in a Box, Starwest Botanicals, Standard Homeopathic and Eclectic Institute.
For information on how to order, click here.
For shipping information, click here.
To contact us for quotes and requests, click here.


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September 21, 2009
U.S. Department of Education Video Contest Challenges Students to Take Responsibility for Their Education
In two minutes or less, America's students have an opportunity to show the nation and the world how far education can take them and how they will achieve their dreams.
September 21, 2009
Statement by U.S. Education Secretary Duncan on Draft College- and Career-Readiness Standards in English-Language Arts, Mathematics
The U.S. Department of Education today issued the following statement by U.S.
September 17, 2009
U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan today named 72 Jacob K. Javits fellows to pursue graduate study within selected fields of the arts, humanities, and social sciences. Selected from 764 applicants, fellows are chosen on the basis of superior academic achievement, exceptional promise, and financial need. They will attend 28 institutions of higher education.
September 17, 2009
Statement from U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan on House Passage of the Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act (HR 3221)
"Today, the U.S. House of Representatives voted to give America's college students the biggest increase in financial aid since the GI Bill. The bill will guarantee increases for the Pell Grant program for the 2010-11 year and beyond. It will overhaul federal student loans to make them more efficient while saving taxpayers billions of dollars over the next decade.
September 17, 2009
Education Secretary Arne Duncan and Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius praised progress made by Congress today as the Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act (SAFRA), HR 3221, passed the U.S. House of Representatives.
September 15, 2009
U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan today announced 314 schools as 2009 National Blue Ribbon Schools. Secretary Duncan was joined by Maryland State Superintendent Dr. Nancy S. Grasmick, Montgomery County Board of Education President Shirley Brandman, and Montgomery County Public Schools Superintendent Dr.
September 14, 2009
U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan today announced that the FY 2007 national student loan cohort default rate increased to 6.7 percent, up from the FY 2006 rate of 5.2 percent.
September 11, 2009
$12.4 Million Awarded to School Systems in 24 States, D.C. to Promote Instruction of Critical Foreign Languages
The U.S. Department of Education today announced the award of more than $12.4 million in Foreign Language Assistance Program grants to local and state school systems in 24 states and the District of Columbia, aimed at promoting the instruction of foreign languages critical to national security.
September 4, 2009
Recovery Act Funds Accelerated to Save Jobs, Drive Reforms in Schools with Students in Greatest Need
Delivering unprecedented resources to states and school districts, U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan today announced that more than $11 billion is now available to further save jobs and drive reforms.
September 3, 2009
U.S. Department of Education Closes Out Summer Reading Initiative—"Read to the Top!"—With Record Success
Despite busy schedules and summer heat, a record number of Cabinet members and senior administration officials joined U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan for the Department's weekly reading initiative, "Read to the Top!" during June, July and August.


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Most people who play indoor soccer with sneakers shoes often find that they do not have a full control of the ball. This is because sneakers or tennis shoes were not designed for indoor soccer games. The Adidas indoor soccer shoes which resemble the tennis shoes with harder sole, give you an opportunity to fully control the ball and also can help you game whether you are a recreational or a serious player.
The Adidas indoor soccer shoes such as Adidas samba features a gum rubber flat outer sole and a kangaroo and a suede upper. The Adidas indoor soccer shoes heel is cemented to the upper part. Its tread pattern has the interlocking triangle pattern under the ball of foot to enhance traction. It has been crafted with fine material and technology so as to give you the best result. The Adidas indoor soccer shoes feature lower profile fit.These indoor soccer shoes come in different colors ranging from black, white, hot lime, bright silver and etc. Its weights range from 9 to 12 ounces.
The indoor soccer shoes often have some shot shield pane in either the smooth upper surface with suede above the outer sole or rows of stitches to enhance a quilted surface so as to add spin to shots and passes. Indoor soccer shoes allow you to run forward, pivot and cut laterally, which is the reason to different and lower tread pattern than other shoes. The indoor soccer shoes have less cushioned than the running shoes therefore the players buy shoe inserts to provide comfort.The shoes give you a better control of the ball than the running shoes and also make it easy for you to do sprints and cuts. The rubber soles will not mark the indoor surface and comply with indoor soccer facility laws which is against shoes with a projecting plastic which might damage the turf.


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Description:HP MSA2 450GB Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 15K 3.5-inch 3G Hot-Plug Hard DriveGenuine HP serial number and firmwarePart Number(s)
Option Part# AJ737A
Spare Part# 480939-001
Note:For use only in HP StorageWorks SystemsModular Smart Array MSA 2 Systems only.
Overview:Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) is the logical evolution of SCSI including its long-established software advantage and the Serial ATA (SATA) electrical and physical connection interface. With enterprise storage requirements escalating and becoming more complex factors such as larger capacity greater density security scalability and accessibility are more critical than ever.
CategoryMSA 2 HardDrive
Part NumberAJ737A
Products ID461090
Form FactorLFF
Drive Dimensions3.5 inches x 1/3H (Low Profile)
Spindle Speed15000RPM
External Data Transfer Rate3072MB/s
Seek Time3.5ms
Average Latency2ms
Interface (Detailed)SAS-300
Hot SwapYes
MTBF1700000 Hours


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EL SEGUNDO, Calif. -†Wyle has been awarded a $15 million task order to provide specialized system assurance and engineering product analyses for the U.S. Air Force's Life Cycle Management Center through its Engineering Directorate at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio.
Under this task order Wyle will provide engineering, airworthiness, system security and assurance, risk management and safety analyses in developing, implementing and executing product logistics, sustainment and acquisition strategies across the portfolio of aeronautical weapon systems for the Air Force.
Through the Air Force Life Cycle Management Center's Engineering Directorate Wyle will perform and document analyses and strategies, logistics management, program management, life cycle and cost analysis products to refine and improve initiatives across the center.
"Wyle was selected due to its extensive reputation for thorough and independent analysis, and testing capabilities," said Gary Konnert, Wyle's program lead.
The task order was issued under the Defense Technical Information Center's Reliability Information Analysis Center contract, an indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity vehicle designed to assist the research, development, acquisition, test and evaluation community.
Wyle's subcontractors on the task include MTSI, headquartered in Alexandria, Va.


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- Treat Yourself – Register for a $30, 30-minute post-walk performance massage at Alpine Resort on Friday or Saturday (or both).
- Feel the Love – Ask your family and friends to write a Letter of Inspiration that will be delivered to you during Challenge Walk MS weekend. Letters can be completed online or mailed to the Wisconsin Chapter office (1120 James Dr., Hartland, WI 53029) before August 25.
- Tell Us Why – Send in a photo of yourself along with one or two short sentences describing why you've joined Challenge Walk MS. They will be used for various displays throughout the weekend and a special keepsake for you to take home. (Items are due August 25. Photo must be 1 MB or larger, headshot preferred.)
3-Days, 50 Miles (30-mile option available)
September 18 - 20, 2015
The Walk will Challenge You,
The Experience Will Change You.
Minimum Age: 12
Challenge Walk MS is as much about the journey as it is the destination. It sets a high bar with a three-day, 50-mile walk and a $1,500 fundraising minimum in support of those living with multiple sclerosis, but it rewards at the same level with an all-inclusive destination getaway in Wisconsin's scenic Door County. Broken into three day-long increments, the daily routes take you past some of the most spectacular scenery in the state, while friends old and new set a tone that's all about motivation, inspiration and fun.
The Wisconsin Chapter will be with you every step of the way with training schedules and tips, group support and more. Powerful online fundraising tools make it easier for your friends and family to contribute. Go to your Challenge Walk MS Participant Center to learn more.
Share the Experience with a Team
Share your Challenge Walk MS experience by starting a team. Any group of two or more people can form a team, and there are plenty of places to find members - friends, family, your company or your community.
Learn More
Want to know more about Challenge Walk MS before signing up? Contact the Wisconsin Chapter at firstname.lastname@example.com or by calling 262-369-4400 or 800-242-3358.
Challenge Walk MS is a fully supported event. You train and fundraise and we'll take care of you at the event.
Read our Challenge Walk MS Blog
Participant Center browser requirements: Microsoft Internet Explorer 8.0, Google Chrome 6.0 or higher, or Mozilla Firefox 3.6 or higher. (Note: Microsoft recently upgraded Internet Explorer to version 10 which is not compatible with the Participant Center web application.)


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Test ID: SECRU
Selenium/Creatinine Ratio, Random, Urine
Useful For Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Monitoring selenium replacement therapy
Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Selenium is an essential element. It is a cofactor required to maintain glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, an enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of organic hydroperoxides. The absence of selenium correlates with loss of GSH-Px activity and is associated with damage to cell membranes due to accumulation of free radicals.
In humans, cardiac muscle is the most susceptible to selenium deficiency. With cell membrane damage, normal cells are replaced by fibroblasts. This condition is known as cardiomyopathy and is characterized by an enlarged heart whose muscle is largely replaced by fibrous tissue.
In the United States, deficiency is related to use of total parenteral nutrition. This is therapy administered to patients with no functional bowel, such as after surgical removal of the small and large intestine because of cancer, or because of acute inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn's disease. Selenium supplementation to raise serum concentration >90 ng/mL is the usual treatment. Serum monitoring done on a semi-annual basis checks the adequacy of supplementation.
Selenium toxicity has been observed in animals when daily intake exceeds 4 parts per million (ppm). Teratogenic effects are frequently noted in the offspring of animals living in regions where soil content is high in selenium such as south-central South Dakota and northern-coastal regions of California. Selenium toxicity in humans is not known to be a significant problem except in acute overdose cases. Selenium is not classified as a human teratogen.
Selenium is found in many over-the-counter vitamin preparations because its antioxidant activity is thought to be anticarcinogenic. There is no supporting evidence that selenium suppresses cancer.
Urine quantitation is used to assess clearance and in balance studies.
Reference Values Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
> or =16 years: 15-40 mcg/g creatinine
Reference values have not been established for patients who are <16 years of age.
Interpretation Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
The normal daily intake of selenium is 10 to 35 mcg/day, therefore, the usual daily output should be the same.
Daily excretion of <15 mcg/g creatinine indicates a lack of adequate selenium nutriture. Insufficient selenium intake leads to cardiomyopathy.
Selenium output of >40 mcg/g creatinine indicates excessive intake. There is no known toxicity to humans due to intake of modest excesses.
Grossly excessive intake (daily output >500 mcg/g creatinine) may have a teratogenic impact. This effect has been demonstrated in animals.
Cautions Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
High concentrations of gadolinium, iodine and barium are known to interfere with most metals tests. If gadolinium-, iodine- or barium-containing contrast media has been administered, a specimen cannot be collected for 96 hours.
Clinical Reference Provides recommendations for further in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Fleming CR, McCall JT, O'Brien JF, et al: Selenium status in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition. J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1984;8:258-262
2. Chariot P, Bignani O: Skeletal muscle disorders associated with selenium deficiency in humans. Muscle Nerve 2003 Jun;27(6):662-668
3. Kvicala J, Zamrazil V, Nemecek J, Anke M: Intake of selenium by seniors of South Bohemia and urine selenium of seniors in the course of a 1-year supplementation by various selenium species. Tr Element Electro 2008;25:21-24


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Difference between revisions of "HttpLimitReqModule"
(Fix up explanation of limit_req to be more clear - →Directives)
(Added link to the original documentation)
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limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay;
limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay;
Revision as of 15:29, 21 April 2012
This module allows you to limit the number of requests for a given session, or as a special case, with one address.
Restriction done using leaky bucket.
Example Configuration
Syntax: limit_req_log_level info|notice|warn|error
Default: warn
Context: http
Controls the log level of the rejected requests. Delayed requests are logged at the next less severe level, though, for example when limit_req_log_level is set to "error", delayed requests are logged at "warn".
Syntax: limit_req_zone $session_variable zone=name_of_zone:size rate=rate
Default: none
Context: http
The directive describes the area, which stores the state of the sessions. The values of the sessions is determined by the given variable. Example of usage:
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
In this case, the session state is allocated 10MB as a zone called "one", and the average speed of queries for this zone is limited to 1 request per second.
The sessions are tracked per-user in this case, but note that instead of the variable $remote_addr, we've used the variable $binary_remote_addr, reducing the size of the state to 64 bytes. A 1 MB zone can hold approximately 16000 states of this size.
The speed is set in requests per second or requests per minute. The rate must be an integer, so if you need to specify less than one request per second, say, one request every two seconds, you would specify it as "30r/m".
Syntax: limit_req zone=zone burst=burst [nodelay]
Default: none
Context: http, server, location
The directive specifies the zone (zone) and the maximum possible bursts of requests (burst). If the rate exceeds the demands outlined in the zone, the request is delayed, so that queries are processed at a given speed. Excess requests are delayed while their number does not exceed a specified number of bursts. If the number of waiting requests exceed burst, the request is completed with the code 503 "Service Temporarily Unavailable". By default, the burst is zero.
For example, the directive
allows a user no more than 1 request per second on average, with bursts of no more than 5 requests.
If delaying excess requests within a burst is not necessary, you should use the option nodelay:
limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay;


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Deez Nuts is an Australian hardcore band that formed in Melbourne, Australia in 2007. Currently comprising vocalist J. J. Peters, Guitarist Matt Rogers, Drummer Ty Alexander and various live Bassists, the band has released one EP and Two Studio Albums.
This area is intended for discussion only. If you have a question about your order, or require customer service you can get in touch via our Customer Service Area. Comments enquiring about existing orders, including personal details, or with questions will be deleted.


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iriverON Bluetooth Heart Rate Headset
Wireless exercise monitoring, music and coaching.
iriverON is your own personal trainer. And more.
- Continuously measures heart rate without a chest strap
- Free smartphone app for monitoring, feedback, coaching
- Bluetooth® 3.0 enabled for wireless uploading of exercise data
- Track and chart heart rate, distance, speed, calories burned
- Stream music or take calls during workouts
- Includes 3 sizes of contoured earbuds for a soft, snug fit
- Weighs only 1.9 oz., yet stays secure while exercising
Exercise smarter with coaching and performance charting.
iriverOn's downloadable app works with your smartphone's GPS to track distances, times, heart rate changes and calories burned in real time. All data is effortlessly sent to your phone so you can chart and see your progress with ease. There's even a voice feedback system to guide you through a variety of exercise programs: walking, hiking, running, cycling or mountain biking. All while streaming music or taking calls!
Work out free from clumsy straps and extra devices. An iriverON Headset from Brookstone is all you need!
The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Brookstone is under license.
iriverON Bluetooth Heart Rate Headset
Reviewed by 2 customers
Sort by
- Accurate
- any exercise
- App Is Recently Improved
- Convenient
- Easy to use
- Effective
- Measures A Lot Of Stuff
- Neckpiece Has Controls
- Uses Performtek
- App Diversity Is Desired
Best Uses
- Cycling
- General exercise
- Running
- Sports
- Walking
- Weightlifting
The iriverON is a truly unique piece of powerful hardware and software. The product uses a new technology called "PerformTek", which has been clinically validated with several published articles in reputable journals, such as the American College of Sports Medicine. From what I can see onlilne, the iriverON is the first product to use this technology, and the level of validation that went into this product is truly impressive.
I personally like the neckpiece quite a bit, and iriver's audio controls (on the neckpiece) are quite convenient. You can control audio tracks and volumne via the neckpiece, and once you start using these controls, you won't want to go back to using the phone controls. The neckpiece is great for my neck, and it is adjustable, but if your neck is very large or extremely small, you may have troubles with the neckpiece.
The application had some troubles during the first launch (typical for new fitness monitors), but it's great to see that iriver has recently improved upon the app. You can take a number of fitness tests using the app, such as a Rockport VO2Max test. I wish you could download the data for future analysis, but this isn't in the app just yet. But you do get to look at your charts and graphs after each workout, which is quite nice.
All in all, the iriverON is a great buy, and there is literally no other product in the market currently like it. Chest straps only measure heart rate; but the iriverON accurately measures heart rate and cadence, and it even accurately estimates distance, speed, and VO2Max. Moreover, since it's also a BT headset, you can listen to your tunes and take calls as well.
- Was this a gift?:
- No
- Bluetooth
- comfortable ear buds
- Easy to use
- Great sound
- Measures Heart Rate
- No chest strap needed
- No more wires
Best Uses
- Biking
- Hanging out
- Hiking
- Lifting
- Running
- Walking
- Working out
I heard about iriver ON last year and just bought it. I love the fact that there are no wires and all I need to carry is my smartphone. The heart rate monitor is very accurate and I really like the audible coach that keeps me in my designated exercise zone. I can honestly say that I believe iriver ON will help me loose the 20 lbs I've targeted for losing before my May vacation. I can listen to music and make and receive phone calls too. The ear buds are really comfortable and stay in place. It came with 3 different sizes and I found the middle one fit me best. I really like this new exercise tool. I'm thinking of getting one for my Mom who has to keep an eye on her maximum heart rate when she walks. She won't use a chest strap and this will fix that issue and she can listen to music while she walks!
- Was this a gift?:
- No
iriverON Bluetooth Heart Rate Headset
Our innovative products will provide you and your family with years of enjoyment. And with the Brookstone Protection Plus service and replacement plans, you'll have the added peace of mind knowing that if the unexpected does happen, we will simply repair or replace your covered product. Our enhanced coverage goes above and beyond the manufacturer's warranty, saving you time and money.
- 2-Year Extended Replacement Plan $19.99
- 3-Year Extended Replacement Plan $29.99


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I completely understand. I have been unemployed since the 1st of december. I have been picking up side work to stay busy. I'll be back into gainful employment in a week or so. Keep to it. Welding is a addiction. Have fun!
Results 21 to 23 of 23
04-13-2013, 08:34 PM #21Senior Member
MillerMatic 251
- Join Date
- Nov 2012
- Location
- Northern Arizona
- Posts
- 571
Maxstar 150 STH
Cutmaster 42
Victor Journeyman OA
A rockcrawler, er money pit, in progress...
New pieces
Same as before 1/8th flat stock, 035 wire, wire speed 55, voltage 5, 75/25 gas using my MM211.
Test piece 1,2,3,5 and 6 was done using the "U" motion
Test Piece 4 was using a circular motion and Test piece 7 is a left to right motion ( I would start forward (starting left) then back up. I would do this procedure until I reached the end.)
I have tried doing cursive "E's" with just no luck (it just look bad) but doing "U", "Circular" and "back and forth" seem to work out very well for me. Also I seem to be getting better at tweaking my welder settings even getting the "bacon frying" to sound better but I'm still working on getting it to sound more crisp which is turning into an interesting challenge.
Still loving the **** out of this welder!test piece 1.jpgtest piece 2.jpgtest piece 3.jpgtest piece 4.jpgtest piece 5.jpg
test piece 6.jpgtest piece 7.jpg


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Conversion of an aging east-side motel into an assisted living facility is just one of several proposals to be considered by city and county planners next month.
Louis Lengacher of Woodburn has asked the Fort Wayne Plan Commissioner to rezone the 3.1 acres at 3730 E. Washington Blvd. that is the current site of the Hallmark Inn. The motel, which was previously a Days Inn, was originally a Holiday Inn and was built after construction of the U.S. 30 bypass in the 1950s. Lengacher was unavailable for comment.
The Allen County Plan Commission, meanwhile, will consider a proposal from Okalahoma-based Love's Travel Stops to locate a truck stop and McDonald's restaurant on about 31 acres at 6117 Fahlsing Road in Woodburn, near the recently opened new U.S. 24. The land is currently zoned for agricultural use.
Love's, founded in 1964, is a family-owned business with more than 290 stores in 39 states, more than 10,000 employees and annual revenues of more than $17 billion.
Meanwhile, discount grocer Aldi has filed plans to open a 17,018-square-foot store on 4.2 acres at 6309 W. Jefferson Blvd. Aldi operates more than 1,200 stores in 32 states, serving more than 25 million customers each month.
Also, Grabill Partners of Liberty, Ind., is seeking permission to build a Dollar General store on 1.4 acres at an address to be determined. Property ownership is listed as 13350 W. State St. in Grabill, however.
Tennessee-based Dollar General operates 10,000 stores in 40 states, with annual sales of nearly $15 billion.


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Is there a (preferably built-in) way to show the remaining battery percentage in the status bar on the Nexus 7 (4.1.1)?
Take the 2-minute tour ×
Android Enthusiasts Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for enthusiasts and power users of the Android operating system. It's 100% free, no registration required.
Jelly Bean
Unfortunately, there is no setting that you can enable to show battery percentage on the system icons tray. Without using an app, all you have is:
Using the Battery app by MacroPinch available from Google Play Store, you are able to get the percentage on your status bar:


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Home > Electronics > Tablets & Tablet Accessories > iPad Speakers > Forbidden Fruit Apple-Shaped Speaker
Forbidden Fruit Apple-Shaped Speaker
An attractive ornament for both listening to music!
The compact Forbidden Fruit Speaker looks as good as it sounds.
Get your hands on this deliciously tempting Forbidden Fruit Speaker, and rather than be ejected from the Garden of Eden, you will find your very own audio paradise.
This stylish apple-shaped speaker provides great sound and is small enough to fit in the palm of your hand making it ideal for use at home or when you are out and about. The high quality sound and clear bass resonance makes it perfect for playing music loud and proud, whether from your music player, mobile phone or computer. In fact, the sound is of a quality one would usually associate with much larger speakers. The speaker makes an attractive ornament even when you're not playing your music.
Dimensions: 4" L x 4" W x 2.5" H
Weight: 0.3 lbs.
Forbidden Fruit Apple-Shaped Speaker
Forbidden Fruit Apple-Shaped Speaker
Our innovative products will provide you and your family with years of enjoyment. And with the Brookstone Protection Plus service and replacement plans, you'll have the added peace of mind knowing that if the unexpected does happen, we will simply repair or replace your covered product. Our enhanced coverage goes above and beyond the manufacturer's warranty, saving you time and money.
Shopping Cart


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Refresh the look and feel of your home with this stylish ceiling fan. It features four canvas blades matched with a lustrous brushed nickel finish frame. You choose from the included sets of white and gray blades to create the perfect look.
Casa Vieja ceiling fans represent a seamless convergence of form and function. Fine craftsmanship and superb materials combine with full feature sets to create excellent airflow solutions for the home. Casa Vieja designs are striking additions to your décor. They offer great quality with a smart, sleek, contemporary feel. With a large selection to choose from, the Casa Vieja collection of ceiling fans is sure to include the look you desire.
For safety reasons, fan blades must be a minimum of 7' above the floor. Hang the fan blades 8' or 9' above the floor for the most efficient air flow. All Casa Optima ceiling fans come with a standard pole for use with 8-foot ceilings.
Shipping and Delivery Information - For item EUM2558 if ordered by 1 pm Pacific Time


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East Texas Boat, RV & Camping Expo
Planes, trains and automobiles got nothin' on your boat or RV. You're the kind of person who knows the difference between a Fountain and a Baja just by sight, and you'd never be caught dead in a Class C RV (no jacuzzi tub??) So you definitely wouldn't miss the 29th Annual East Texas Boat, RV and Camping Expo, Jan 28-30


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- Returning to Roots – The Soton Exchange Program
Returning to Roots – The Soton Exchange Program
By Sean Murphy, '13
The 2010 fall semester brought three sophomore students to Southampton, United Kingdom, to participate in the Webb Institute-Southampton University (Soton) exchange program. Doug Zangre, Justin Van Emmerik, and I were the participants for the third year of the program. The goal of the program is to present students with the opportunity to experience a new academic and social life while being immersed in a setting that encourages individual transformation and growth. The exchange was invaluable in introducing us to new cultures throughout Europe and teaching us the value of travel.
Our semester began in late September, quite contrary to Webb's mid-August fall semester kickoff. We arrived in Southampton and were relieved to find that we were expected at our halls. An orientation week acclimated us to the setting and the academics, while allowing us to meet first-year students who were also beginning a new experience. The Soton "Ship Science" program, as naval architecture is known in the Old World's academic program, is led by a great faculty who were supportive in helping us to organize our class schedule and to learn course material. Dr. D. A. Hudson, who is the coordinator on the Soton side of the exchange, was particularly helpful during our time in Southampton.
Our schedule was comparable to Webb's, with a mixture of second and first-year courses that satisfied Webb's fall semester requirements. The academic organization in England is different from that here, with major emphasis on the final exam as opposed to coursework and tests. The grading system was a bit of a shock as well, as a 70% receives about the same merit as a 90% here.
Aside from academics, we found ample opportunity for travel around England and Europe. The long winter break allowed Doug and me to travel around Spain, France, and Italy; Justin met us in France, then parted ways to stay with his family in Munich, Germany, for New Years. All of our travels have left us with reverence and affection for the amazing architecture and people we met along the way.
Overall, it was an honor to take part in the experience, and we all hope that the program continues to be offered for future Webb students. We are also happy to note that three students from Southampton are currently at Webb, officially making this an exchange program. Marion James from France, Ruth Taylor from the U.K., and Elie Amar from New Caledonia are taking courses with the Webb seniors and juniors and are looking forward to an excellent semester.


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Texas on the Potomac
Washington news with a Texas accent
Posts filtered on Tag
Cruz, Cornyn blast Obama at 'Faith and Freedom' event
A plethora of prominent Republicans including Texas Sens. John Cornyn and Ted Cruz stepped out to show support for the Faith and Freedom Coalition Thursday and Friday as part of the coalition's Road to Majority Conference. [Read More]


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The Besongabang Football for Hope Centre embraces the region's vernacular to create a meeting and athletic center for the entire community.
The center is finally complete! The official opening was held on the 21st of March 2014, it was a beautiful ceremony, celebrating the last 3 years of hard work. United Action for Children just moved in the new building and is starting their activities.
Host Organization:
United Action for Children
Football based programs since 2002, Network member since 2005
To use football as a tool to promote cooperation, unity, peace, responsibility and tolerance among young people.
About the Centre Host:
United Action for Children (UAC) has been working with orphans, street and other vulnerable children for the last five years. UAC uses football's popularity to get young people off the streets and into classrooms and training centers. Through inter-quarterly and holiday football tournaments, the project provides HIV/AIDS awareness while trying to tackle poverty, youth unemployment/child labour and inter-tribal conflicts in the respective region. The participating youths have the opportunity to take part in innovative programs including the provision of basic education and vocational training in woodwork, painting and IT as well as workshops on HIV/AIDS education, sports and disability issues. Through these programs, the streetfootballworld network member (since 2005) strives to create a caring society and environment for children and young people in Cameroon.
Nathan Jones
As noted in UAC's Mission Statement football will be used as a tool for promoting peace, the proposed FFH center is orientated to provide optimal viewing for young people to witness the benefits of co-operation and the many lessons in team sports. Additionally there is a close-relationship between the pitch and the 85m2 classroom so theoretic ideas are never far from team games and team games is never far from the theory.
The centre will act as a forum in terms of being a public meeting place. A place where people meet to share ideas to facilitate the centre hosts vision of health and education development. The meeting place concept was strengthened by several design strategies. A sense of familiarity is created by referencing familiar elements of the Cameroonian environment. The centre will feel as though it belongs to the area, so in turn people feel the centre belongs to them.
Vernacular meeting places in Cameroon due to climatic conditions are typically outside, these translate into architecture as verandas or other canopy structures, with ventilation and shade in the hot and humid summer months and shelter in the torrential downpours of the rainy season. The scale of the veranda reflects the public nature of the building.
The Football for Hope centre is situated in the rainforest region of Cameroon and the site itself is flanked by forest regrowth and a palm plantation. With the before mentioned requirement for a shade/shelter canopy, inspiration was found on site….trees!!! Trees an elegant structure with; a single foundation point, a single principle structural element (the trunk) and a very large shaded/sheltered area all using minimum materials. This readily translated into a buildable structure with practical, economic and aesthetic benefits, whilst echoing the beauty of the site and the region.
Doors of all public rooms open onto the forum increasing the possibility of meeting people. This also greatly reduces interior circulation space. In a country where corruption is an unfortunate part of daily life UAC collaborated of the idea of an open air reception to promote transparency and better serve the community. A young person can access the centre directly from the entrance road to the front of the reception person's desk on a simple straight road.
Sustainable Features:
The consideration of 'sustainability' encompasses Environmental, social and economic sustainability, as all three are linked all were considered holistically.
An important foreword is not all the issues of sustainability can be addressed by solely technical means, thus the building communicates an admiration of nature not only by using as appropriate natural materials but also through bio-mimicry.
'Long life, low energy and loose fit' were some of the design principle the center used, loose fit meaning flexibility. The center is a simple frame structure; with as large a span as practical can be readily adapted for various uses in the future. Frame structures are also appropriate to the climate as maximizing ventilation and light and reducing building energy demands.
The building is a hybrid of materials each chosen for a balance of Environmental, social and economic sustainability, but the material must be able to perform in an environment with seismic activity, a rainforest climate and where the limited money used for maintenance could be used by UAC for their operations. The two main materials are timber and concrete. Concrete made in Cameroon by the Cameroonian Goverment Cimencam will be used. Concrete is used for a water impervious foundation and timber for the roof, both being appropriate choices in a seismically active rainforest region. No glass is used/needed. Timber is used as much as possible. Locally sourced sustainable timber was specified from the outset, this however was unavailable and so local timber which is positive for the local socio-economic sustainability will be sourced and there will be onsite mitigation with tree planting.
Composting toilets will be used not just to teach young people in Nature there's no waste, but also to fertilize the agricultural activities on site.
Bird boxes will be designed and built by local school children with the intention to increase site bio-diversity, provide educational opportunities and will be incorporated into the center complex.
The building has been design to be passively lit during the day and passively ventilated with 175m2 of openings. Due to an uncertain Municipal Energy supply, Cameroon Football For Hope Centre has been designed with the capability to function off grid for 6 hours, however human behavior will be critical in determining if the center will have sufficient power to operate equipment from the available Photovoltaic panels, so a 'building use pamphlet' will be produced to educate users is energy conservation.
About the Football for Hope Campaign:
"20 Centres for 2010" is the Official Campaign of the 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa™. Its aim is to raise funds to create twenty Football for Hope Centres for public health, education, and football across Africa. The centres will address local social challenges in disadvantaged areas and improve education and health services for young people.
Back to Football for Hope program overview
- Agriculture/Food
- Biomimicry
- Climate - Tropical
- Community Center
- Context - Rural
- Education
- Education Facility - Primary School
- Education Facility - Secondary School
- Education Facility - Training Center
- Energy - Renewable
- Green Design/ Practices
- Holistic Design
- Landscapes/Parks/Outdoor Spaces
- Low Maintenance
- Materials - Environmentally Sensitive
- Materials - Local/Indigenous
- Off-Grid
- Office Space
- Participatory Design
- Public Space/Gathering Space
- Residential – Mixed Development
- Stadium/Sports Facility
- Youth Center


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La solicitud de membresia sólo se ofrece en inglés.
Sin embargo, PenFed tiene representantes de servicio bilingües disponibles para
responder a cualquier pregunta que pueda tener y para ayudarle.
Tenemos la intención de desarrollar una versión de la solicitud de membresía en español en los meses que vienen.
Por el momento, si quisiera unirse a PenFed, favor de llamarnos al 800-247-5626 de lunes a Viernes: 7:00 AM – 5:00 PM, tiempo estándar del este.
Además, usted puede clic el botón verde abajo para completar la solicitud de membresía en inglés.
Keep in Mind:
Have these on-hand: previous two
Federal Income Tax Returns, your W2, current pay stub, and banking statements
when you apply.
4 Smart Steps to Take Before Buying Your First HomeThursday, June 19, 2014, 4:00:01 PMBy Andrea N. Browne, Online Editor, Kiplinger.com
Becoming a homeowner can be a daunting process for anyone, especially young adults or those without experience making such big purchases. Rushing through this long-term, multi-step financial process -- deciding how much home you can afford, fixing any blemishes on your credit report and saving for a down payment -- can prove tremendously costly. Years before you even think about hiring a real estate agent and starting an in-person home search, you need to take the time to prepare yourself financially.
If you intend to buy a house in the next five years or so, here are four steps to help lead you down the path to homeownership.
1. Consider where you want to live.
Don't buy a home where you live now, just for the sake of homeownership. For many twenty- and thirty-somethings still exploring their career paths, buying a home can really limit their freedom. If you're serious about becoming a homeowner, make sure the city you decide to buy in is a place you won't mind sticking around for a while. Experts often advise would-be buyers to plan on staying in a new home no fewer than five to seven years. "You're going to spend thousands of dollars to get into the home. To get out of it is going to be equally expensive and may possibly cost more when you do it in less than five years or in a down market," says Keith Gumbinger, vice-president of HSH.com, a publisher of mortgage information and rates.
How do you decide which area is best for you to settle down in? You should definitely consider the local job market and cost of living. Other key factors that will likely impact your quality of life: the city's demographics, access to public transportation and the social scene. If you're single, for example, you might be interested in places with an abundance of other unmarried people. Or people with limited budgets might want to look at cities where they can still have a life outside of the office without having to pay a fortune for it (see Best Cities for Cheapskates).
2. Determine how much home you can afford.
Once you've decided where you want to live, use a home search Web site, such as Realtor.com or Trulia.com, to get a detailed look at the market, recommends Eric Tyson, co-author of "Home Buying for Dummies." It'll provide perspective on the types of properties for sale and what sellers are asking for. Seeing exactly how much homes cost will help you determine how much you can actually afford and how much you'll need to save for a down payment. If homes in your desired neighborhood are outside your price range, you can delay buying until you save more money, or you can downsize the type of home you're looking to buy, or search in a different neighborhood.
That's what happened when I embarked on a new home search with my boyfriend last spring in the Washington, D.C., metro area. In the beginning, he was pretty adamant about being in the city -- me, not so much. We soon realized that our list of must-haves (a modern home with three bedrooms, two bathrooms, central air conditioning and designated parking) meant we could only afford a fixer-upper in northwest Washington. Because neither of us is handy -- and I wasn't comfortable buying a place that needed a ton of work -- that wasn't an option. After that reality check, we broadened our search area and settled on a new townhome community located in a Maryland suburb about ten minutes outside D.C. Homes there cost about half as much as comparables we'd seen in the city.
3. Boost your credit.
Your credit score plays an important role in qualifying for a mortgage. A score of 740 or above will help you secure the best interest rates. In the Washington area, for example, that's about 4% for a $200,000, 30-year fixed-rate mortgage with a 20% down payment, according to Bankrate.com. (Look up mortgage rates in your area.) If your score is lower than 740, however, expect to pay a higher rate. For that same loan in the D.C. metro region, if your credit score ranges from 680 to 699, the lowest rate you'd be able to get is about 4.25%.
Many young would-be home buyers might find themselves with blemishes on their credit report, thanks to missed student loan or credit card payments. Lucky for me, I learned long before pursuing homeownership that such behavior comes back to haunt you in the form of a low credit score. I've changed my bad spending habits and boosted my score. If you check your credit report early, you'll have ample time to correct any issues. "What you don't want is to have to address a bunch of mistakes on your credit report while actively looking for a home and trying to get approved for a mortgage loan," says Gumbinger.
Visit AnnualCreditReport.com to get a free report from each of the three major credit bureaus. If you notice a problem in one report, be sure to check with the other two bureaus, too. You can dispute an error by contacting the credit bureau directly. Note that your free credit report does not include your actual credit score. You'll usually have to pay to see your FICO score. At myfico.com, you can get your credit report and FICO score from each of the three credit bureaus for about $20 each. (Your score can vary from bureau to bureau.)
4. Start saving for a down payment.
In addition to building stellar credit, you should also save enough for a down payment of at least 20% of the home price to snag the best mortgage terms. That amount saves you from having to pay for private mortgage insurance, or PMI, which protects the lender if you default on the loan. Even with an excellent credit score, if you put just 5% down on a home that costs $201,700 (the national median existing home price as of April 2014), private mortgage insurance will cost you an additional $92.61 each month, according to HSH.com.
That down payment's not chump change; 20% of $201,700 amounts to $40,340. For many young adults with starting or even mid-level salaries, it can take many years to stash away that much. Start saving now!
You should keep the cash liquid because you're aiming to use it in the next few years. We stored our funds in a regular savings account to give us direct access to it. You might also consider a short-term certificate of deposit. Neither option will earn you much right now, but your money will be safe from market losses and easy to tap as soon as you need it. What's next?
Once you've completed these steps, you should be ready for the second phase, which includes finding a trustworthy real estate agent, getting preapproved for a mortgage loan, viewing potential homes in person and making an offer on a home. WCopyright 2014 The Kiplinger Washington Editors
Save for a HouseMonday, May 05, 2014By Pat Mertz Esswein, Associate Editor, Kiplinger's Personal Finance
Before lenders will approve you for a mortgage, they want some assurance that you aren't going to default on the loan--that you have enough income to pay your mortgage, enough savings for a down payment and closing costs, and a good credit history. The better your credit profile and the bigger your down payment, the lower the interest rate for which you'll qualify. (In early April, the average 30-year fixed rate was 4.3%.)
Lenders size up your "three c's"--credit history (your credit score and your record of debt repayment), capacity (income, savings and investments) and collateral (your down payment and the value of the home you want to buy, after an appraisal). They verify employment for the past two years and try to predict how likely it is that you'll keep your job. If you're weak in one area, strength in the other two or in a spouse's profile may compensate.
To figure out how big a mortgage you can afford, lenders apply payment-to-income ratios. (The majority of banks and credit unions sell the mortgages they originate to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac--agencies that guarantee the loans made by lenders--and follow their rules.) Your monthly mortgage payment shouldn't exceed 28% of your monthly gross income (before taxes and other deductions). That 28% limit covers principal and interest, real estate taxes, homeowners (hazard) insurance, and homeowners or condo association dues.
Recurring monthly payments for all debts (including student loans, even if they're deferred) shouldn't exceed 36% of your monthly gross income. The Federal Housing Administration (FHA), another loan guarantor, bumps up the ratios for mortgages and all debts to 31% and 43%, respectively (it doesn't include student-loan payments that are deferred for a year or more).
Probably the greatest challenge for would-be home buyers is saving for the down payment. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac require a minimum down payment of 5% to 10% of a home's purchase price. In early 2014, 10% down on a median-priced home in the U.S. would have required nearly $19,000. Put down less than 20%, though, and you must pay for private mortgage insurance. The FHA allows down payments as low as 3.5% but requires that you pay upfront and annual insurance premiums.
If you've been stashing money in a traditional IRA, you can withdraw up to $10,000 penalty-free for a first-time home purchase (you'll owe taxes on 100% of the withdrawal unless you've made nondeductible contributions). You can always withdraw your contributions to a Roth IRA without penalty or taxes, and you can take up to $10,000 of earnings penalty-free for a first-time home purchase. If your Roth has been open for at least five years, those earnings are tax-free, too.
Or you can generally borrow up to half of the balance of a 401(k), up to a maximum of $50,000, for any reason. The interest you pay on the loan goes back into your account. Your employer may give you up to 15 years to repay the loan if you use the money to buy a home, and the loan doesn't count in the debt-to-income ratio.
Copyright 2014 The Kiplinger Washington Editors
The Upsides of Downsizing Your HomeSunday, March 02, 2014By Pat Mertz Esswein, Associate Editor, Kiplinger's Personal Finance
It can happen when the kids leave home or retirement looms or your first grandchild is born hundreds of miles away. You start to think about leaving a house that's now too big for you and downsizing to a smaller house or condo or a retirement community.
After launching three sons from their home of 23 years, Mike and Patty Denevi, both 61, of Los Gatos, Cal., shared an epiphany. "We realized that we spent all our time in our home's kitchen and bedroom. We didn't really need this house anymore. What were we doing here?" says Mike. "We thought, Wouldn't it be fun to live near downtown?"
The Denevis listed their 2,056-square-foot home with four bedrooms and three bathrooms for just over $1 million in early 2011. (The Bay Area is the most expensive housing market in the U.S.) While they waited for their home to sell, they shopped for their next one. They found a 1,563-square-foot condo with two bedrooms and two baths on a single level that backs up to the high school soccer field. The Denevis paid $669,000 in cash after they sold their home for $950,000. They pay $680 a month in condo fees.
The Denevis are closer to their church and to restaurants and entertainment. The single level is a boon for Patty, who has arthritis. Mike, who works in commercial real estate, has a short commute--on foot--to his gig coaching high school baseball and his senior baseball league.
As the Denevis found, downsizing frees you from the cost and time commitment of maintaining a home that's simply too large. It allows you to unlock your home equity, buy a new place and maybe even retire your mortgage.
After the real estate bust, many homeowners delayed the decision to downsize until their home regained at least some of its market value. Many more owners are ready to sell now. But clearing out and selling a home, buying a new one and relocating--whether across the street, downtown, out of town or across the country—is a major transition that takes careful planning.
Where to?
The decision to downsize may come in a flash, as it did for the Denevis, or it may require lengthy consideration. "Downsizing can and should be a fun, memorable time with your friends and family," says Brian Schwatka, a real estate agent who leads a popular class called "Should I Stay or Should I Go?" in Silicon Valley.
If you research your options, you're less likely to get locked into a situation that doesn't meet your expectations and leads to another move, says Skip Frenzel, a financial planner in Campbell, Cal. It often pays to find a real estate agent who works with seniors, such as an agent who has earned the Seniors Real Estate Specialist (SRES) credential.
Less space doesn't necessarily translate into less money. For example, you may long to live downtown but find that condos are in short supply and priced out of your reach. Seattle agent Greg Bartell says many homeowners sell their homes for, say, $400,000 to $500,000 but find that they will have to spend at least that much for a condo in the city. He suggests that they look at newly redeveloped suburban town centers that offer urban amenities.
Kay Keesee, an agent in Austin, Tex., says downsizing clients often want a smaller home but no less luxury. They want a kitchen with a big island, granite countertops and stainless-steel appliances, and a master suite on the first floor. In newer but smaller homes with those features, the trade-off may be smaller secondary bedrooms and less storage.
You may find the lifestyle you want in an active-adult community or a continuing-care retirement community (CCRC). After Michael Santella, 63, retired from Oak Ridge National Laboratory, he and his wife, Peggy, 62, visited Sun City Mesquite, an active-adult community developed by Del Webb 80 miles from Las Vegas. The Santellas, who lived in Knoxville, Tenn., were avid travelers who loved Las Vegas and visited it a couple of times a year. They signed a contract to build a home in Sun City Mesquite, contingent on the sale of their home in Knoxville. It sold for $385,000 in October 2012, and four months later they moved into their new, 2,100-square-foot home with two bedrooms and two bathrooms. They paid $314,000, and they also pay about $130 a month in homeowners association fees.
"It's like living in a resort every day, with so many activities," says Peggy, who calls Knoxville "the allergy capital of the world." Plus, it's reassuring to know that if one of them is on his or her own someday, "the other person won't be left sitting alone," she says.
Most adult communities provide prospective buyers with the opportunity to visit for a day or stay over a weekend. For example, Sun City Mesquite recently offered a "weekend pass" with hotel accommodations for $99 per couple.
Unlike active-adult communities such as Sun City Mesquite, CCRCs provide assisted-living and skilled-nursing facilities, allowing seniors to age in place. Some also offer memory care. CCRCs are age-restricted (you generally must be at least 55 to buy in). Be sure to check whether a spouse or partner can be younger than the cut-off age.
Continuing-care retirement communities have several financing setups. With a fee-for-service arrangement, you pay less upfront (or nothing beyond monthly rent) and cover care out of pocket if you need it. Some fee-for-service communities require you to buy long-term-care insurance to cover your bases. Contracts that include unlimited, lifetime care in the upfront fee--essentially a form of long-term-care insurance--require the biggest deposits, along with monthly fees. A modified-care agreement requires a smaller entrance fee but limits care to a specified number of days a month, after which residents must pay more. But you generally have to meet financial requirements and be healthy when you arrive. (For more information on choosing a CCRC, see Risks and Rewards of Moving to a CCRC.)
Follow the grandkids
Linda Blomquist, 62, and her husband, Gary, 65, did a different sort of downsizing. They found a house the same size as their old one on more land but slashed their living costs by leaving the pricey Bay Area and moving to Whitehouse, Ohio, near Toledo. Why Ohio? Family. In January 2012, Linda was laid off from her job as an executive assistant with the city of Fremont (Gary was retired due to disability), and the Blomquists decided to sell their home of almost three decades to move near a son's family.
Real estate agent Brian Schwatka helped them create a plan with deadlines for purging their stuff, packing up and listing their 1,500-square-foot home. In Ohio, they found a home with three bedrooms and two bathrooms, on an acre of land. They paid $154,000 in cash after their Bay Area home sold for $655,000.
The couple has cut their cost of living by two-thirds. Linda says that if they had stayed in the Bay Area, she isn't sure she could ever have afforded to retire. They love the uncongested highways, the short lines at the local Costco and the "thoughtful and considerate" people, says Linda. And they love their new job: providing day care for their grandchildren.
Your shopping strategy
You'll have the most leverage if you make a purchase offer on your next home unencumbered by a contingency for the sale of your current home. If that means you have to sell first, consider renting for a while in your new location and leaving your stuff in storage. You'll have more time to explore and find the right place.
If you find your next home before your current one sells and want to make an offer without a contingency, you'll need an alternative source of funds for a down payment and closing costs. Bridge loans are hard to find. You may do best by tapping an existing home-equity line of credit, using a margin loan against investments or borrowing from your 401(k). An IRA can also be a source of a very short-term "loan." The rollover rules let you use IRA funds as long as the money is back in the account within 60 days. Miss that deadline and a withdrawal from a traditional IRA is considered a taxable distribution, and you'll be penalized if you're younger than 59½. Money taken from a Roth may not be taxed, but in neither case can the money go back into the tax shelter after the 60-day window closes. If you have a mortgage on your current home, figure that you'll have to make two mortgage payments until it sells.
If you sell before you're ready to move and don't want to move twice, negotiate with your buyers for a "lease back." You'll be allowed to stay in your home for, say, 30 to 60 days after closing the sale.
Mortgage or not? Freeing yourself from the ball and chain of a mortgage and monthly payments is an exciting prospect. But "don't let emotions trump financial logic," says Paul King, a certified financial planner in Campbell, Cal. Paying cash for your next home isn't necessarily your best choice if the rate of return you can earn on that money by investing it beats the after-tax cost of a mortgage. "It's all about living a better lifestyle in the long run, as long as the risks are reasonable," says King.
You don't have to commit to a 30-year mortgage. You could take out a 15-year fixed-rate loan, which usually has a lower interest rate than a 30-year mortgage but will carry a higher monthly payment. Or you could take out a hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), with an initial fixed-rate period of three, five, seven or ten years, and pay it off before the first interest-rate adjustment. (In late January, the national average rate for a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage was 4.3%; a 15-year mortgage, 3.4%; and a 5/1 ARM, 3.1%.)
If you haven't applied for a mortgage in years, be prepared to produce heaps of documentation of your income and assets. However, it's easier for retirees with limited income but substantial financial assets to qualify for a mortgage than it was a few years ago.
If you're buying a condo and you need a mortgage, you may have to jump through more hoops than if you were buying a house. You could be liable for special assessments to cover improvements or unexpected repairs. And because the association of owners shares responsibility for the building's exterior and common areas, you'll pay a monthly condo fee. Lenders add in the fee when figuring how much loan you can qualify for.
Buy with a reverse mortgage? A reverse mortgage can be a good option for people who want to move to a smaller home but who don't want to sink all the proceeds from selling their old home into a new one. You can use a Home Equity Conversion Mortgage for Purchase to buy a new home, rolling the purchase and reverse mortgage into one transaction. You must be 62 or older to qualify, and you must make a down payment of about half of the purchase price for a home that will be your primary residence.
Say you sell your home for $500,000 and you want to downsize to a $400,000 house. If you put down, say, $200,000 and take a $200,000 reverse mortgage, you could bank $300,000. You'll still have to pay for repairs, property taxes and homeowners insurance, but no mortgage payment. Instead, interest on the $200,000 loan accrues, eating into the $200,000 of equity created by your down payment. The loan and accrued interest come due when you die, sell or move out for 12 months or more. Live long enough and the interest could wipe out all your equity, but your estate will never have to pay back more than the house is worth.
Watch out for the capital-gains tax. If you've lived in your home for a long time in a high-cost housing market, you could see a chunk of your equity go to federal and state capital-gains taxes. You can exclude up to $500,000 of profit from the sale of your home if you're married filing jointly, or $250,000 if you're single (see 35 Tax Breaks to Save You a Bundle). Your profit is the sale price of your home minus selling expenses and its tax basis--that is, what you paid for it originally plus the cost of any improvements you made. If you think you'll have more than $500,000 in profit, dig out your records of home improvements. Copyright 2014 The Kiplinger Washington Editors
30-Year Fixed Jumbo Mortgage Payment Example: The information provided assumes the purpose of the loan is to purchase a property, with a loan amount of $600,000 and an estimated property value of $750,000. The property is located in Alexandria, VA and is within Fairfax County. The property is an existing single family home and will be used as a primary residence. An escrow (impound) account may be required. The rate lock period is 60 days and the assumed credit score is 740. At a 4.125% interest rate, the APR for this loan type is 4.217% based on 0 points. Other rates and terms available. The monthly payment schedule would be 359 payments of $2,907.90 and 1 payment of $2,907.23 at an interest rate of 4.125%. Payments shown do not include taxes or insurance escrows; actual payments may be greater. NOTE: A 1% origination fee applies to this loan. The origination fee may be waived by adding 0.25% to the selected rate. The application of points will be determined by the loan to value (LTV) ratio combined with certain representative credit scores. Points also apply to certain cash-out refinance transactions, certain condominium transactions, and some transactions with subordinate financing that will reflect on the Good Faith Estimate and/or Settlement Statement. For purchase transactions, the rate cannot be locked until PenFed has received a ratified purchase agreement. Points are the responsibility of the borrower and not covered in promotions. The 30-Year fixed rate jumbo loan (loan amounts greater than $417,000) is available only for purchases and refinances. Investment properties not eligible for offers. All Mortgage Programs: The application of points will be determined by the loan-to-value (LTV) ratio combined with certain representative credit scores. Points also apply to certain cash-out refinance transactions, certain condominium transactions, and some transactions with subordinate financing. Origination fees may apply to certain programs. The origination fee may be waived by adding 0.25% to the selected rate. *** For a purchase transaction, the rate cannot be locked until PenFed has received a ratified sales contract executed by all required parties. The applicant is responsible for the following fees and costs at the time of closing: Origination fee, appraisal fee, tax service fee, CLO access fee, title fees, transfer tax fees, credit report fee, flood cert fee, recording fee, survey if required and work verification fee, escrow reserves and interest due until first payment, other cost may be included due to program specific circumstances. This is not intended to be an all-inclusive list. Escrows will only be waived if LTV is 80% or less in all states. Borrowers are required to have sufficient reserve assets available to cover 6 months full payments including principal, interest, homeowner's insurance, property taxes and homeowner associated dues and/or mortgage insurance, if applicable. For non-primary residences, we require 12 months of reserve assets. If a loan is withdrawn, the applicant may not reapply for at least 90 days from the date the application was withdrawn.
Conforming Mortgages: For loan amounts from $25,000 to $417,000. The maximum combined loan- to-value (CLTV) is 95%; 80% LTV and above are subject to private mortgage insurance (PMI). The maximum LTV and CLTV for condominiums is 80%. The maximum loan –to –value (LTV) for 15/15 ARMs is 80% and combined loan-to-value (CLTV) is 95%. Jumbo Mortgages: For loan amounts above $417,000 to $750,000. The maximum loan-to-value (LTV) is 80% and the maximum combined loan-to-value (CLTV) is 90%. The maximum LTV and CLTV for condominiums is 80%. Super Jumbo Mortgages: For loan amounts above $750,000. 5/5 ARMs up to $4 million and Fixed Loans up to $2 million. The maximum loan-to-value (LTV) and combined loan-to-value (CLTV) is 80%. In DC, MD and VA only, the maximum LTV and CLTV for condominiums as a primary residence is 80%. The LTV and CLTV in all other states for condominiums is 75%. The LTV and CLTV for second home condominiums is 70% in all states. All above disclosures apply to non-Veteran's Administration (VA) loans. VA loans have different guidelines and eligibility requirements. All rates and offers are in effect as of September 2015, offered for a limited time and subject to change without notice. Other restrictions may apply. Contact your PenFed mortgage consultant for any applicable restrictions and details about your loan. To receive any advertised product you must become a member of PenFed by opening a share (savings) account. Federally insured by the NCUA. We do business in accordance with the Federal Fair Housing Law and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act.
This credit union is federally insured by the National Credit Union Administration. Rates are current as of September 2015 unless otherwise noted and are subject to change. APY = Annual Percentage Yield APR = Annual Percentage Rate©2015 Pentagon Federal Credit Union
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October – December 2014
Early Bird Savings! Until January 15th, 2014 we have lowered the cost of the cruise for each cabin category. Please do not wait if you know you want to go!!
The cruise will be on Norwegian Cruise Line on the Pearl from October 25 through 30, 2014. With 16 delicious dining options, 13 bars and lounges, casino, spa, pools, fitness center, and so much more, the Pearl is a destination of her own.
Included again in our program is a complimentary bottle of wine per cabin each evening to be enjoyed. This year we have partnered with KENDALL-JACKSONand their family of wines. Included will be Kendall-Jackson, Byron Santa Barbara, Avant, Edmeades and Murphy-Goode.
Joining us from KENDALL-JACKSON is the Executive Chef at Kendall-Jackson Wine Estates, chef Justin Wangler. KENDALL-JACKSON will be sending along winemakers and sommelier's to delight and educate you on wine and food and wine pairing.
And back by popular demand is internationally recognized chef, educator, and author, chef John Ash.
Last year, World Classic Rockers blew the pool deck up with their repertoire of original hits from Boston, Journey, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Santana and Steppenwolf. They are coming back!! They will be joined by the legendary 70′s rock band America, performing their Grammy winning hits "A Horse With No Name" and "Ventura Highway." Also joining us will be Chris Mann, who boasts a wildly eclectic assortment of songs, ranging from Willie Nelson's "Always on My Mind" and Lady Antebellum's "Need You Now" to "Ave Maria" and Damien Rice's "The Blowers' Daughter," with the latter featuring a special guest appearance from Christina Aguilera. Just added The Music of ABBA – ARRIVAL from Sweden tribute band.
At this time, we are still busy putting together our onboard program that will consist of Wine and Food hosted dinners, Culinary School classes, Wine and Art classes, Mixology classes, which will feature the newest "it thing." … craft beer cocktails and so much more! Wine tasting for small groups will also be offered.
We hope that you will be able to join us again in 2014! Book now as this offer is only good until January 15th, 2014. Sign up today!
The Ranch provides a setting for change and renewal, and we hand the keys to you. The day's choices are all yours to make…and many are wonderful to behold. Be sure to consider them all as equally important: food, nutrition, exercise, rest and relaxation, education, expression… and above all, taking in the beauty of our untrammeled natural world that welcomes you "home again" to your true, rested, and reenergized self. – See more at: http://www.rancholapuerta.com/come-to-the-ranch/first-time-visitors/#sthash.vpij3OiL.dpuf


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The Digitrax complete train control system brings fun and realism to model railroading. The Digitrax LocoNet system incorporates many technologies, including DCC, to give you a system that seamlessly handles all aspects of layout control and model train operation. With Digitrax you can run many trains at the same time just like on the real railroad. You can operate lights and sounds on the trains. You can set up detection and signaling so you'll know where the trains are at all times. Reversing loops can work automatically. Short circuit and power management gives you smooth operation without a lot of interruptions. You can implement train location and identification on your layout. You can use a computer for layout control if you wish.
With Digitrax LocoNet®, our layout control network, you can start out small with a starter set and build from there until your railroad empire is just what you have always dreamed of! With LocoNet, it is simple to add components to add new features or to expand existing features by simply plugging equipment in to the network.
Digitrax is a full time professional company dedicated to bringing superior engineering, quality and affordability to model railroaders everywhere. The first time we ran a digital command control system we knew we couldn't live without one but, we couldn't afford it either. The Digitrax complete train control system is our answer for model railroaders who want to enjoy the excitement of the latest train control technology without taking out a second mortgage! The system is affordable and flexible. You can get started for a small initial expenditure with our Zephyr Xtra, Super Empire Builder Xtra or Super Chief Xtra Starter Sets and then expand as your needs and interests grow. Your system can be as simple or as advanced as you wish, IT'S UP TO YOU!
We are committed to customer service. Our customers are the reason we are in business. If you have any questions or comments about our system please let us know so we can resolve any issues you have and so we can make better products for you in the future.
Digitrax gives a one year "No Worries" Warranty against manufacturing defects and accidental customer damage on all Digitrax command stations, boosters, throttles, decoders, power supplies and layout control devices.
That's it! A simple, straightforward warranty with no tricky language!
Repairs are simple, too! Just fill out the online form and return your items to Digitrax for repair. We'll get them fixed up and return them to you as quickly as possible.
Digitrax has dealers around the world. Search by dealer name, state, zip code or country here:
Not in the USA? Click here!


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One of the many benefits of staying at our Savannah bed and breakfast is how close the inn is to local attractions and dining. Presidents' Quarters is located downtown, so you won't be far from all the city has to offer. You'll find no shortage of excellent romantic restaurants in Savannah, GA, to satisfy even the most selective palate. With so many unique restaurants from which to choose, it can be difficult deciding which is perfect for your evening out. To assist in your planning, we recommend you visit these romantic restaurants in Savannah GA.
Noble Fare
Noble Fare is not serving your usual fried chicken and gravy southern cooking.The chef at Noble Fare creates locally inspired cuisine with a modern twist. Pair a glass of wine from the Fare's extensive selection with the House Cured Pork Chop and enjoy it in a charming historic setting. The menu changes regularly as the seasons change. Although a little off the beaten path, this exquisite restaurant is definitely worth your time!
Alligator Soul
Consistently recommended by Savannah's most discerning citizens and travelers, Alligator Soul is known for organic, fresh, local and regional fare. From delicious organic made cocktails to house made desserts prepared by its pasty chefs, Soul is a romantic and elegant downtown dining experience you do not want to miss!
The Olde Pink House
An old mansion in the heart of downtown Savannah, Olde Pink House was built in 1771 and is one of Savannah's most popular restaurants. Offering new southern cuisine in a sophisticated, yet casual setting, guests will delight over dining in this 18th century colonial mansion. Start your meal with the bourbon molasses grilled pork tenderloin and finish it with a pecan cup with vanilla ice cream, fresh berries and homemade whipped cream.
Vic's on the River
Located at 26 East Bay Street between the Old Cotton Exchange building and City Hall, Vic's is a fantastic place for a light lunch or a romantic dinner. From BBQ egg rolls to fried green tomatoes, every dish served is simply wonderful! With excellent service and an elegant atmosphere, Vic's on the River is one of the top romantic restaurants in Savannah, GA.
Elizabeth on 37th
Opened in 1981, the chefs of Elizabeth on 37th serve delicious cuisine in a relaxing atmosphere. The simple elegance of the 1900's Southern mansion sets the perfect tone for its superb coastal menu. Food preparation is an art at Elizabeth, and each dish is presented perfectly. The dense dark chocolate pecan torte is the perfect way to finish off your Savannah dinning experience.
The Sapphire Grill
A visit to The Sapphire Grill is a must when in Savannah! Chef Nason serves the most scrumptious food from the New York strip with braised Oxtail to the berry cobbler; visitors to the Grill won't be disappointed. Perfect for a special dining experience!
Your experience while in Savannah will be enhanced when you choose Presidents' Quarters Inn as your Savannah bed and breakfast. Our selection of lovely rooms and suites are all elegantly decorated to match the southern charm of the city. Your stay comes with a full Southern breakfast each morning so your days will start off on a bright note. And after your visit to one of the romantic restaurants in Savannah, GA, listed above, you can relax with cordials in the parlor. Start planning your romantic getaway to Savannah today!
Photo courtesy Rob Speed.


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Bwindi Impenetrable National Park
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park
Located in south-western Uganda, at the junction of the plain and mountain forests, Bwindi Park covers 32,000 ha and is known for its exceptional biodiversity, with more than 160 species of trees and over 100 species of ferns. Many types of birds and butterflies can also be found there, as well as many endangered species, including the mountain gorilla.
Forêt impénétrable de Bwindi
Situé dans le sud-ouest de l'Ouganda, à la jonction des forêts de plaine et de montagne, le parc de Bwindi s'étend sur plus de 32 000 ha et présente une très riche biodiversité avec plus de 160 espèces d'arbres et plus de 100 espèces de fougères. Il abrite également de nombreuses espèces d'oiseaux et de papillons, ainsi que plusieurs espèces menacées, dont le gorille de montagne.
الغابة العذراء بويندي
يقع منتزه بويندي في جنوب غرب اوغاندا عند ملتقى غابات السهل والجبل. وهو يمتد على اكثر من 32000 هكتار ويوفر تنوعًا بيولوجيًا غنيًا جداً يتألف من اكثر من 160 نوعًا من الاشجار واكثر من 100 نوع من السرخسيات. كما يأوي أيضًا العديد من فصائل العصافير والفراشات، بالاضافة الى عدة فصائل مهددة منها غوريلا الجبل.
source: UNESCO/ERI
布恩迪国家公园位于乌干达的西南部,处于平原和山区森林的交汇处,占地32 000公顷,以生物的多样性而闻名,它拥有160多种树木和100多种蕨类植物,这里是多种的鸟类和蝴蝶的栖息地,还生活着许多濒危物种,包括山地猩猩。
source: UNESCO/ERI
Национальный парк Бвинди-Импенитрейбл («Непроходимый лес Бвинди»)
Расположенный в юго-западной части Уганды в переходной зоне между равнинами и горными лесами, Бвинди-Импенитрейбл занимает площадь 32 тыс.га. Парк известен благодаря исключительно высокому биоразнообразию. Здесь произрастает более 160 видов деревьев и свыше 100 видов папоротников, обитает множество птиц и бабочек, отмечено много редких и исчезающих редких видов, включая горную гориллу.
source: UNESCO/ERI
Bosque impenetrable de Bwindi
Situado al sudoeste de Uganda, en el punto de convergencia de los bosques de planicie y de montaña, el parque de Bwindi tiene una superficie de 32.000 hectáreas y es reputado por su rica biodiversidad. Posee 160 especies de árboles y más de 100 clases de helechos, numerosos tipos de pájaros y mariposas, y varias especies animales en peligro de extinción como el gorila de montaña.
source: UNESCO/ERI
source: NFUAJ
Nationaal Park Bwindi Impenetrable
Bwindi ligt in het zuidwesten van Oeganda, op de kruising van de vlakte en de bergbossen. Het Nationale park beslaat 32.000 hectare en staat bekend om zijn uitzonderlijke biodiversiteit, met meer dan 160 soorten bomen en meer dan 100 soorten varens. Verder zijn er veel vogel- en vlindersoorten te vinden, evenals vele bedreigde soorten, waaronder de berggorilla. Het park is een model voor het land - en mogelijk ook voor de hele Oost-Afrikaanse regio - vanwege integratie van duurzaam beheer van hulpbronnen. Er is echter nog steeds behoefte aan een betere bescherming van primaten op lange termijn.
Source: unesco.nl
Outstanding Universal Value
Brief synthesis
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, covering 32,092 ha, is one of the largest areas in East Africa which still has Afromontane lowland forest extending to well within the montane forest belt. Located on the eastern edge of the Albertine Rift Valley and believed to be a Pleistocene refugium, the property is a biodiversity hotspot with possibly the greatest number of tree species for its altitude in East Africa. It is also host to a rich fauna including a number of endemic butterflies and one of the richest mammalian assemblages in Africa. Home to almost half of the world's mountain gorilla population, the property represents a conservation frontline as an isolated forest of outstanding biological richness surrounded by an agricultural landscape supporting one of the highest rural population densities in tropical Africa. Community benefits arising from the mountain gorilla and other ecotourism may be the only hope for the future conservation of this unique site.
Criterion (vii): As a key site for biodiversity on the continent, the species richness occurring in this site, recognised also under criteria (x) below, can be considered as a superlative natural phenomenon.
Criterion (x): Due to its diverse habitats ranging from 1,160 to 2,706 m in altitude, location at the intersection of the Albertine, Congo Basin and Eastern Africa ecological zones, and probable role as a Pleistocene refugium, Bwindi is the most important area in Uganda for species due to an exceptional diversity that includes many Albertine Rift endemics. This forest is believed to be a mere remnant of a very large forest which once covered much of western Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The property has the highest diversity of tree species (over 200 species including 10 endemics) and ferns (some 104 species) in East Africa, and maybe the most important forest in Africa for montane forest butterflies with 202 species (84% of the country's total), including eight Albertine endemics. The forest is very significant as a home to almost half of the population (about 340) of the critically endangered mountain gorilla. With over 347 species of forest birds recorded in the Park,at least 70 out of 78 montane forest bird species occurring in the Albertine Rift region are found in the forest, and 22 of the 36 endemics. Overall, Bwindi hosts numerous globally threatened species including high-profile mammals such as mountain gorilla, chimpanzee, l'Hoest's monkey and African elephant; birds such as African green broadbill, Grauer's swamp warbler, Turner's Eremomela, Chapin's flycatcher and Shelley's crimson-wing; and butterflies such as African giant swallowtail and Cream-banded swallowtail.
The property is an oasis of forest situated inside one of the most densely populated rural areas in the country with more than 350 people per square km. This means that there is no possibility for a buffer zone at the forest edge apart from a buffer of 4 km2 which was donated by communities at the southern end of the Park to safeguard the site. It is recognized that the site is reduced in size and does not have an ideal boundary configuration, as the boundary area ratio is high and the area of park/people contact requires intensive management. There are several narrow corridors between sectors that will create difficulties for movement of wildlife. Due to human disturbance and clearing of vegetation there is little that can be done to expand the area around these constrictions.
The Park boundary is clearly delineated with planted trees and concrete pillars as markers along areas where rivers do not form the boundary. This clear boundary line has mostly stopped encroachment by the local communities, although with increasing population, agricultural encroachment will remain a potential threat. However, community participation programmes have enabled the neighbouring communities to derive various benefits from ecotourism and regulated plant resource use which significantly contributes to improving their livelihoods. There are no commercial activities inside the property other than ecotourism. Bwindi shares a common border with the small (c. 900 ha) protected Sarambwe forest in DRC, into which the gorillas and other species enter at times. This provides an opportunity for population dispersal and gene flow, and an avenue for international collaboration in conserving the region's endemic and endangered flora and fauna.
Protection and management requirements
Managed by Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA, UWA replaced Uganda National Parks (UNP) that was the management authority of the property at the time of designation), Bwindi is protected under the provisions of various national laws (The Constitution (1995), Uganda Wildlife Act Cap 200 of 2000, National Environment Act (2000), Local Government Act (1997), The Land Act (1998), the Forest and Tree Planting Act 2003 and the Uganda Wildlife Policy (1999). All these laws mentioned above were not in place by the time the property was inscribed as a World Heritage Site. However, the Uganda National Parks Act (1952), and the Game Act were already in place to support its creation) and international conventions (Convention of Biological Diversity 1992 (CBD), Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), the Ramsar convention 1971 and the World Heritage Convention 1972). The site has an approved management plan and is highly respected and supported by local communities as a conservation site. The property attracts substantial support from a number of local and international NGOs. The Park has a permanent research institute located within the site which is engaged in research and continued monitoring of the site's integrity. These factors as well as strong political support provide an assurance for the property's long-term protection and conservation. The management of the site has developed ecotourism programmes that support community livelihoods, a major reason for community support. The Park is a model for integration of community sustainable resource management in the country and possibly in the East African Region. However, there are still strong long-term needs for greater primate protection given the new tendency of trafficking mountain gorilla babies and chimpanzees. As the mountain gorilla is so closely related to people, it is also threatened by transmission of human diseases as a result of tourism activities. UWA is closely monitoring these threats and working with stakeholders and NGOs to mitigate these threats. Continued enhancement of conservation is required in law enforcement and monitoring.
Long Description
Bwindi, in the Kigezi Highlands of south-west Uganda, adjacent to the border of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is characterized by steep hills and narrow valleys with a general incline from the north and west to the south-western corner. The park constitutes an important water catchment area serving the surrounding densely populated agricultural land and is one of the few large expanses of forest in East Africa where lowland and montane vegetation communities meet. Three major tributaries of the lshasha River drain into Lake Edward to the north, and the Ndego, Kanyamwabo and Shongi rivers flow southwards towards Lake Mutanda.
In geological terms, the area is associated with upwarping of the western rift valley and its underlying rocks are phyllites and shales, with some quartz, quartzite and granite outcrops. The soils are mainly humic red loams. Due to the steepness of the slopes, the soils are very susceptible to erosion in areas where trees are cleared. Combined with its probable role as a Pleistocene refuge, the forest hosts an extremely high biodiversity.
Bwindi is the most diverse forest in East Africa for tree species (more than 163) and ferns (more than 104), as well as other taxa. A further 16 species have only a very restricted distribution in south-west Uganda, and one species, Lovoa swynnertonii , is globally threatened. The forest gets the name 'impenetrable' from the dense cover of herbs, vines and shrubs inhabiting the valley floor. Bwindi has one of the richest fauna communities in East Africa, including over 214 species of forest bird, 7 species of diurnal primate, 120 species of mammals and 202 species of butterfly. Highly significant is the presence of almost half of the world's population of mountain gorillas. Bwindi is also an important locality for the conservation of Afromontane fauna, in particular those endemic to the mountains of the western rift valley. Overall, Bwindi contains nine globally threatened species: mountain gorilla, common chimpanzee, l'Hoest's monkey Cercopithecus l'hoesti , endangered species of African elephant, African green broadbill, Grauer's rush warbler, Chaplin's flycatcher, African giant swallowtail and cream-banded swallowtail. Buffalo were poached to extinction in the late 1960s, as were leopard more recently.
No archaeological sites are known inside the park, although the wider Kigeti region may have been occupied from as early as 37,000 years ago. The earliest evidence of forest clearance dates back 4,800 years, most likely due to the presence of the Batwa (hunter-gatherer) people manipulating vegetation with fire. This is the earliest evidence for cultivation anywhere in tropical Africa.
Bwindi lies in one of the country's most densely populated rural areas in different locations around the forest. Approximately 10,000 families belonging to the Bachiga, Bafumbira and Barwanda (all Bantu) peoples cultivate the land immediately surrounding the park. Commercial logging has never taken place in Bwindi due to the rugged terrain.Source: UNESCO/CLT/WHC
Historical Description
In 1932, what are now the northern and southern sectors of the forest were gazetted as Kasatora and Kayonza Crown Forest Reserves respectively, covering a total area of 20,700ha. Later, in 1948, the two reserves were combined and extended into the Impenetrable Central Crown Forest Reserve covering 29,800ha (Forest Act, 1947, amended 1964). Two local forest reserves were then incorporated into the central reserve in 1961, increasing the gazetted area to 32,080ha. In the same year, the entire reserve was gazetted an animal sanctuary (Game Preservation and Control Act, 1959, amended 1964) in an effort to grant additional protection for the mountain gorillas. Bwindi was finally upgraded to a national park in 1991 (Statutory Instrument No.3, 1992, National Parks Act, 19521, along with the creation of two other mountain national parks in Uganda: Rwenzori Mountains and Mgahinga Gorilla. This final change was accompanied by incorporation of the 1,OOOha Mbwa tract.Source: Advisory Body Evaluation
Activities (3)
News (4)
- World Heritage Volunteers 2015 Action Camps welcome the International Youth Day on 12 August Tuesday, August 11, 2015
- Great Apes Infographic Highlights World Heritage Importance Friday, April 24, 2015
- Successful World Heritage Candidates for the 2012 Business Planning Programme Tuesday, June 19, 2012
- Winners of Patrimonito Storyboard Competition 2007 Announced Thursday, August 2, 2007