text: Gen. George McClellan at Second Manassas Edward H. Bonekemper III 10/5/2010 8 Comments General Disobedience: 'Little Mac' let John Pope twist in the wind UPDATE: Check out Ethan Rafuse's response at the end of this article! Major General George B. McClellan's candid letters to his wife and peevish exchanges with Union Army General-in-Chief Henry W. Halleck during the Second Bull Run Campaign chronicle the Army of the Potomac commander's disingenuousness—and also underscore his shocking unwillingness to support a fellow Federal officer in peril. That sorry state of affairs led directly to the Union defeat at Manassas in late August 1862. McClellan had started off the Northern war effort that spring with great promise when his Peninsula Campaign reached the outskirts of Richmond. But Robert E. Lee's aggressive Rebel counterthrust had pushed McClellan back during the Seven Days' Battles, and by early July the Army of the Potomac was cooling its heels at Harrison's Landing on the James River. To try to keep the Rebels off balance and counter McClellan's lack of success, the Northern high command created the Army of Virginia in late June, assigning Maj. Gen. John Pope as its commander and ordering him to put pressure on Richmond from the west. President Abraham Lincoln also hoped Pope and McClellan would cooperate. But thanks to McClellan, that would be a forlorn hope. On July 10, McClellan wrote his wife Mary Ellen that he actually saw an upside to his failure to capture the Southern capital: "If I had succeeded in taking Richmond now the fanatics of the North might have been too powerful & reunion impossible. However that may be I am sure that it is all for the best." The next day he wrote her that supporters had been urging him to "march on Washington & assume the Govt!!" On July 18, again writing Mary Ellen, McClellan expressed his disloyalty to the Lincoln administration and determination to fight only for policies he approved of: "I owe no gratitude to any but my own soldiers here—none to the Govt or to the country. I have done my best for my country—I expect nothing in return—they are my debtors, not I theirs…." On the 20th, after learning that Henry Halleck had been appointed general-in-chief of the Union Army, McClellan threatened: "I cannot remain permanently in the army after this slight. I must of course stick to this army so long as I am necessary to it, or until the Govt adopts a policy in regard to the war that I cannot conscientiously affirm…." Meanwhile Pope had moved his 45,000-man army across the Rapidan River toward Gordonsville and the Virginia Central Railroad—a maneuver that could trap Lee's army between McClellan's forces and his own. In response, Lee sent generals "Stonewall" Jackson and then A.P. Hill away from Richmond and toward Pope. When Halleck conferred with McClellan in Virginia on July 26, McClellan told him that with 20,000 reinforcements he could resume the offensive against Lee's "200,000" troops. But by the time Halleck returned to Washington, McClellan had written changing the number of reinforcements he envisioned needing to between 50,000 and 55,000. At that point Halleck realized a merger of McClellan and Pope's armies was imperative. On July 30, Halleck ordered McClellan to evacuate his sick and wounded from the Peninsula, and on August 3 the general-in-chief ordered him to immediately move his troops to support Pope on the Rappahannock River line. But even before McClellan received that order he had decided not to obey it. On July 31 he told Mary Ellen, "if they send me the order I dread I will make one last desperate appeal before obeying it & then let matters take their course…." That same day Halleck ordered Maj. Gen. Ambrose Burnside, at Newport News, to join Pope on the Rappahannock. Burnside reported the following day that his troops were rapidly embarking and would arrive at Aquia Creek the next day. Halleck found McClellan far less responsive. On August 3, Halleck again telegraphed McClellan to move his army, but McClellan responded: "Your telegram…caused me the greatest pain I ever experienced, for I am convinced that the order to withdraw this Army to Aquia Creek will prove disastrous…." McClellan requested the order be rescinded and asked to be reinforced, adding, "If my counsel does not prevail I will with a sad heart obey your orders to the utmost of my power…." The next day Halleck responded that the order would not be rescinded, and on the 6th told McClellan, "I have no re-enforcements to send you." That same day Halleck also wrote: "You, general, certainly could not have been more pained at receiving my order than I was at the necessity of issuing it," then added that with "200,000" troops between McClellan's 90,000 and Pope's 40,000, Lee posed a serious risk. Halleck reasoned, "You are 30 miles from Richmond and General Pope 80 or 90, with the enemy directly between you, ready to fall with his superior numbers upon one or the other, as he may elect." McClellan's own inflated estimates of Confederate strength were now working against him. From August 4 to 7, McClellan did not move. On August 8, he wrote Mary Ellen that the withdrawal orders were "as bad as they can be & that I regard them as almost fatal to our cause." He told her that he was trying to induce the enemy to attack him so that he could "beat them & follow them up to Richmond." He added, "I shall of course obey the orders unless the enemy gives me a very good opening…." On August 7, Halleck pleaded, "I must beg of you, general, to hurry along this movement…." In an August 10 telegram, the general-in-chief again urged quick action: "The enemy is crossing the Rapidan in large force….There must be no further delay in your movements" and asked Little Mac to explain his delay. Shortly thereafter, McClellan told Mary Ellen: "I have a strong idea that Pope will be thrashed during the coming week—& very badly whipped he will be & ought to be—such a villain as he is ought to bring defeat upon any cause that employs him….." Explaining his plan to move on Richmond in defiance of his orders, he added, "If I succeed in my coup everything will be changed in this country so far as we are concerned & my enemies will be at my feet…." Given that McClellan's perceived enemies were Lincoln, Secretary of War Edwin Stanton and Halleck, his statement—as well as his plan to disobey his orders—seemingly bordered on treason. Though McClellan explained to Mary Ellen that he was reluctantly giving up his plan to attack Richmond, he gleefully anticipated having the last laugh: "I think the result of their machinations will be that Pope will be badly thrashed within two days & that they will be very glad to turn over the redemption of their affairs to me." McClellan was hoping for a Union defeat. The Army of Northern Virginia, meanwhile was on the move while McClellan's troops still sat at Harrison's Landing. Lee had sent "Stonewall" Jackson's Wing to the northwest, where it tangled with and defeated a portion of Pope's army at Cedar Mountain on August 9. Lee then followed Jackson with Longstreet's Wing, arriving in Gordonsville on August 15. After Rebel troopers captured plans for McClellan's reinforcement of Pope's forces during a raid on Catlett Station, Lee realized he needed to keep moving quickly before he faced the united Union forces. By August 24, Lee had devised a daring plan for Jackson to sweep around Pope's right flank that would leave Pope desperate for reinforcements. On August 12, as the Confederates were in the midst of their shift to the west, an impatient Halleck complained to McClellan that "nearly every available steam vessel in the country" was at McClellan's disposal and he could see no reason why the Army of the Potomac was not on the move. Responding that night, McClellan claimed that his army could not be moved in less than a month, adding: "If Washington is in danger now this army can scarcely arrive in time to save it. It is in much better position to do so from here than from Aquia." Halleck promptly rejoined: "According to your own accounts, there is now no difficulty in withdrawing your forces. Do so with all possible rapidity." At 11 p.m. on August 14, McClellan wired Halleck, "Movement has commenced by land and water." It had taken him more than 15 days to evacuate his sick and more than 11 days to start moving toward Pope. By August 20, McClellan had finally reached Fort Monroe. The next day he gloated in a letter to Mary Ellen: "I believe I have triumphed! Just received a telegram from Halleck stating that Pope and Burnside are very hard pressed—urging me to push forward reinforcements, & to come myself as soon as I possibly can!…Now they are in trouble they seem to want the 'Quaker,' the 'procrastinator,' the 'coward' & the 'traitor'!" Writing on August 22, McClellan told his wife: "I think they are pretty well scared in Washn & probably with good reason. I am confident that the disposition to be made of me will depend entirely upon the state of their nerves in Washn….Their sending for me to go to Washn only indicates a temporary alarm—if they are at all reassured you will see that they will soon get rid of me." The next day he added: "I take it for granted that my orders will be as disagreeable as it is possible to make them—unless Pope is beaten, in which case they may want me to save Washn again. Nothing but their fear will induce them to give me any command of importance or to treat me otherwise than with discourtesy…." On August 26, Stonewall had started his 24,000 "foot cavalry" northwest from the Rappahannock on a long march to Salem, Va., then headed east through Thoroughfare Gap in the Blue Ridge. They marched 54 miles in 36 hours. Confederate cavalry captured Bristoe Station by the evening of August 26, cutting Pope's communications with Washington and clearing the way to attack the Union supply depot at Manassas. By early on the 28th, Jackson's men were hidden behind an unfinished railroad cut north of the old Manassas battlefield, awaiting Lee's arrival. Pope rushed back toward Manassas hoping to trap Jackson. But Jackson's force launched a surprise attack on the Union troops in the Battle of Brawner's Farm on August 28, a small fight that would draw Pope into a larger battle on Lee's terms. Lee and Longstreet advanced with 30,000 troops through Thoroughfare Gap on the morning of the 29th. When Longstreet's Wing came onto the field that morning, they extended Jackson's line to the south, a dangerous and hidden threat to Pope. Pope launched a series of costly frontal assaults on Jackson's troops on August 29, as Longstreet was getting into position. Jackson's troops rebuffed the attacks. McClellan could have been there to help Pope, but he deliberately failed him. McClellan had moved north to Alexandria by August 27 and reported to Mary Ellen that he had heard a general engagement was probable that day or the next near Warrenton. That same morning Halleck gave him the first of six direct orders to move some of his own troops toward the scene of the expected battle. In a 10 a.m. telegram, Halleck ordered McClellan to have Brig. Gen. William Franklin's VI Corps march in the direction of Manassas "as soon as possible." McClellan responded that he had sent orders to Franklin "to prepare to march with his corps at once" and to report to McClellan about his transportation. Halleck put McClellan in charge of sending troops out from Alexandria, not realizing that Franklin's corps had not yet marched. After receiving copies of dispatches stating that a major battle was imminent, McClellan recommended to Halleck that Maj. Gen. Edwin Sumner's II Corps be transferred from Aquia to Alexandria "to move out with Franklin to Centreville or vicinity…." Early that same afternoon Halleck approved bringing up Sumner's corps, which otherwise could have marched directly toward Manassas without coming under McClellan's direction. Had McClellan promptly moved those 25,000 troops from Alexandria to Manassas, he could have enhanced Pope's chances for victory. At noon on the 27th, as Jackson was moving from Manassas to the railroad cut, Halleck advised McClellan of the enemy's location and repeated his earlier order to get Franklin's corps moving. That afternoon McClellan sent a barrage of telegrams stating why he could not or should not do as ordered. Halleck responded: "As you must be aware, more than three-quarters of my time is taken up with the raising of new troops and matters in the West. I have no time for details. You will therefore, as ranking general in the field, direct as you deem best…." McClellan then chose to ignore the earlier orders to advance Franklin and Sumner. At 6 p.m. on the 27th, McClellan reported to Halleck that he had received a copy of Pope's 10 a.m. wire to Halleck requesting all forces be sent to Pope's right, northwest of Manassas. McClellan said that he had 12,800 men and the 1st Connecticut Artillery, which he recommended keeping for the defense of Washington. He added, however, his men were ready to move "at a moment's notice to any point you may indicate." Halleck did not respond. He may have thought his earlier two orders to advance Franklin were sufficient, particularly since McClellan had received a request from Pope about the destination of reinforcements. He may also have assumed that McClellan was acting in good faith. He would soon find out otherwise. Later on the morning of the 28th, McClellan wired Halleck that Pope should retreat to Washington—which seems to have alerted the general-in-chief to McClellan's disobedience of earlier orders. Halleck then took matters into his own hands, wiring Franklin at 12:40 p.m. "to move with your corps to-day toward Manassas Junction, to drive the enemy from the railroad." A defiant McClellan responded to Halleck 20 minutes later that "The moment Franklin can be started with a reasonable amount of artillery he shall go." At 3:30 Halleck wired him back, "Not a moment must be lost in pushing as large a force as possible toward Manassas, so as to communicate with Pope before the enemy is re-enforced." McClellan still did not budge. At 4:10 that afternoon he telegraphed Halleck that Franklin was still in no condition to move but might be the next morning, adding that Pope should cut through to Washington. Following his receipt of Halleck's "not a moment must be lost" wire, McClellan defied his commander once again, responding: "Your dispatch received. Neither Franklin nor Sumner's corps is now in condition to move and fight a battle. It would be a sacrifice to send them out now." While fighting flared at Brawner's Farm that evening (August 28), the situation deteriorated. At 7:40 p.m. Halleck wired McClellan: "There must be no further delay in moving Franklin's corps toward Manassas. They must go to-morrow morning, ready or not ready. If we delay too long to get ready there will be no necessity to go at all, for Pope will either be defeated or be victorious without our aid." At 10 p.m. McClellan replied that Franklin's corps had been ordered to march at 6 a.m. He also reported that Sumner's 14,000 infantry had arrived with no artillery or cavalry and would be held awaiting further orders. He specifically stated, "If you wish any of them to move toward Manassas please inform me." Just 51⁄2 hours earlier Halleck had ordered him not to lose a minute in forwarding as many troops as possible toward Manassas, orders McClellan had disobeyed. As Pope attacked Jackson on the morning of August 29, McClellan reported that Franklin's corps was finally in motion, adding: "Meagher's brigade [part of Sumner's corps] is still at Aquia. If he moves in support of Franklin, it leaves us without any reliable troops in and near Washington. Yet Franklin is too weak alone. What shall be done?" Less than three hours later, McClellan opined to Halleck, "I really think [Franklin] ought not under present circumstances, to advance beyond Annandale," less than halfway to Manassas. Halleck objected: "I want Franklin's corps to go far enough to find out something about the enemy….Our people must move more actively and find out where the enemy is. I am tired of guesses." That afternoon, while the fighting raged at Manassas, Lincoln telegraphed McClellan: "What news from direction of Mannassas [sic] Junction?" Clearly hoping to have Lincoln second-guess Halleck's orders, McClellan told the president he had reports the enemy was retiring, then outlined the options as he saw them and requested orders: "I am clear that one of two courses should be adopted—1st To concentrate all our available forces to open communication with Pope—2nd To leave Pope to get out of his scrape & at once use all our means to make the Capital perfectly safe. No middle course will now answer. Tell me what you wish me to do & I will do all in my power to accomplish it. I wish to know what my orders & authority are—I ask for nothing, but will obey whatever orders you give. I only ask a prompt decision that I may at once give the necessary orders. It will not do to delay longer." McClellan was asking the president for new orders despite the fact that for the last three days Halleck had been specifically ordering him to move toward Pope. Lincoln cautiously responded that the first alternative was best, but deferred to Halleck. Ultimately, McClellan halted Franklin's corps at Annandale, within hearing of the fighting at Manassas. Late on the afternoon of the 29th, as Lee and Longstreet discussed when to send in Longstreet's troops, McClellan sent Halleck a defiant message: "Before receiving the President's message I had put Sumner's corps in motion toward Arlington and the Chain Bridge [north and northwest instead of west toward Manassas], not having received any reply from you. The movement is still under your control in either direction, though now under progress, as stated." At 7:50 p.m. on August 29, an angry Halleck wired McClellan: "I have just been told that Franklin's corps stopped at Annandale, and that he was this evening in Alexandria. This is all contrary to my orders; investigate and report the facts of this disobedience. That corps must push forward, as I directed." Responding at 8 p.m., McClellan said, "It was not safe for Franklin to move beyond Annandale, under the circumstances, until we knew what was at Vienna." He admitted Franklin had been with him until 1 p.m. arranging for supplies—proof that the corps commander had not moved with his troops when they supposedly marched at 6 a.m. He added: "Please give distinct orders in reference to Franklin's movements of to-morrow….In regard to tomorrow's movements I desire definite instructions as it is not agreeable to me to be accused of disobeying orders when I have simply exercised the discretion you committed to me." The climax of Second Bull Run came on the afternoon of August 30, when Pope ordered an all-out attack on Jackson. Longstreet, however, launched a full-scale infantry assault of his own, sweeping the Federals from the field. Following the catastrophe at Manassas, Lincoln had to decide who would command Union forces in the East. Speaking to his cabinet, the president characterized McClellan's behavior as "shocking" and "atrocious." But over their almost unanimous opposition Lincoln placed McClellan in command of all Washington-area troops. His rationale? Lincoln believed McClellan was needed in that time of chaos because of his organizational skills. He told John Hay, "McClellan has acted badly in this matter, but we must use what tools we have." Little Mac had repeatedly disobeyed orders, and was perhaps guilty of a bit of treason. But he had achieved his goal. He was in charge. Little Mac Acting Badly?—A Response In the December 2010 issue of Civil War Times, Edward H. Bonekemper III laid out a powerful indictment of Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan for his conduct during the Second Manassas Campaign. Lamentably, while generally correct that August 1862 was a dark episode in McClellan's military career—and indeed the entire Civil War—in his zeal to condemn the general, Bonekemper omits several important points that must be taken into account; not to exonerate McClellan, but to provide a more complete and balanced understanding of the whole episode. First, Bonekemper's analysis seems to be based on a presumption that the task of transferring tens of thousands of men to northern Virginia was merely a matter of will, rather than a complex operation that required time and could not just be improvised on the spot. There is, to be sure, no question that McClellan was unenthusiastic about the order to leave Harrison's Landing and transfer his command back to northern Virginia. He had good reason to be. As would be demonstrated by Ulysses S. Grant's operations in 1864-65, the James River really was the best line of operations for the Union army in Virginia. Union naval superiority ensured secure logistics, the operational initiative and the relative freedom to maneuver and operate both north and south of the great river, while giving Confederate armies limited ability for maneuver. Indeed, these factors would lead Robert E. Lee to develop a decided preference for operating in northern and central Virginia, where Confederate armies would have room to take advantage of the greater maneuverability that smaller armies enjoy and the fact that Federal operational flexibility would be limited by dependence on railroads—all of which would be vividly illustrated by the Second Manassas Campaign. Of course, even if he was right and Washington was wrong on the merits of the case, it was McClellan's duty to obey orders as promptly as was feasible. Did he? Bonekemper argues no, seemingly on the premise that if the general had just been agreeable, the rapid transfer of the Army of the Potomac from the Peninsula to northern Virginia was something that could be improvised at the proverbial snap of a finger. It is an old axiom that "amateurs talk strategy, while professionals talk logistics," but one that it seems worthwhile to keep in mind here. Even had McClellan been enthusiastic about the operation, and however simple it may seem on a map to pick up and move tens of thousands of men and their materiel from Harrison's Landing to northern Virginia, in the real world such a thing cannot be improvised or done quickly. After all, even when McClellan was in a better frame of mind regarding the wisdom of the move, it took weeks to plan and execute the transfer of the Army of the Potomac to the tip of the Peninsula in March-April 1862. (Serious planning began in late February, execution began in mid-March, and operations against Yorktown by three corps began in early April.) That it would take weeks in August 1862 to get the army back to northern Virginia and actively engaged in operations distinguished by a high degree of fluidity is hardly unreasonable, especially in light of the fact that four corps (not counting Ambrose Burnside's command) were making the move instead of three; they started the movement farther up the Peninsula and much closer to the enemy, and part of the army engaged during this time in operations against Malvern Hill and Coggins Point. Indeed, the difficulty of the logistical task is suggested by the fact that for all the deliberation that went into the move from the Peninsula that so tried Lincoln's and Halleck's patience in 1862 (and Bonekemper's in 2010), quartermasters were still laboring to sort out baggage in Alexandria after Lee's army had crossed the Potomac River into Maryland in early September. Bonekemper is on much more solid ground in his condemnation of McClellan's controversial handling of William B. Franklin's corps. Upon reaching Alexandria on August 27 McClellan was well aware of what his superiors wanted, and unquestionably dragged his feet on complying. Moreover, to his eternal discredit, McClellan was clearly content to leave Pope and, more important, thousands of Union soldiers out to dry. (And if any general in 1862 could testify to what it felt like to be left to "twist in the wind," it was McClellan. After all, it was the very same president who complained about McClellan's conduct during the Second Manassas Campaign who had withheld troops during the Peninsula Campaign—and arguably for far less cause and with greater effects on the course and outcome of the campaign.) Then, of course, there was the smug satisfaction with which McClellan picked up his army after Second Manassas and stood by while John Pope was personally humiliated at Upton's Hill on September 2. Nonetheless, a full and truly fair assessment of this episode requires acknowledgment of the fact that, for all the ugliness in his writings and personal conduct during this time, McClellan in fact had legitimate military grounds for his handling of Franklin's command and a sound operational argument for having Pope move toward his reinforcements rather than vice versa. For the Federals, arguably the most important thing to accomplish from an operational standpoint in August 1862 was to unify Pope's and McClellan's forces before the Confederates could take advantage of their interior lines to defeat Pope. Whether that task was completed on the Manassas or Centreville side of Bull Run, from a purely military standpoint, was not especially significant. Moreover, the hazards of acting against one's better judgment in sending forces out to Pope was vividly illustrated by two important incidents in the last week of August; neither of which Bonekemper mentions but had to be critical in shaping McClellan's thinking. The first involved Fitz John Porter's corps. When it reached Aquia Creek, McClellan promptly sent it marching north and west to link up with Pope along the Rappahannock River. However, when Porter reached the point where he and McClellan had been told they would find elements from Pope's army, they found it abandoned. We now know that this was a consequence of Pope's effort to respond to the opportunity presented by part of Jackson's command being for a time isolated and trapped on the Federal side of the river, that Federal authorities elsewhere were ignorant of this because the Catlett's Station raid had prevented this information from being fully reported to Washington and (there being no direct communication between Falmouth and Pope) forwarded to Aquia Creek, and no harm was done to Porter's command. But, being ignorant of much of this at the time, it would not have been at all surprising for doubts to be planted or reinforced in McClellan's mind about the wisdom of sending forces out to Pope and for him to be intensely skeptical moving forward about the reliability of assurances that it could be done safely. While the problems Porter encountered as he marched to join Pope resulted in no serious harm to his command, the same could not be said of what happened to George Taylor's brigade on August 27. That morning, Federal authorities dispatched Taylor's brigade from Alexandria to investigate disturbances in the vicinity of Manassas Junction. Taylor then promptly stumbled into an ambush by Stonewall Jackson's command that pulverized his command. That those who argued there was no significant force between Alexandria and Centreville were correct on August 29 is evident to us today. But after Porter's and Taylor's experiences—and the fact that the Confederates had twice in less than a week gotten a considerable force into Pope's rear to interpose themselves between him and Washington—McClellan could certainly be forgiven for doubting assurances that sending Franklin out from Alexandria would be a hazard-free endeavor and acting conservatively. Then, of course, there is the question of whether Franklin's command would have done any good had McClellan fully complied with the wishes of his superiors. Would its arrival on August 28 or 29 have tipped the tide of battle on the plains of Manassas in Pope's favor? It is impossible to answer this question with any degree of certainty, but it is hard to see how the presence of another corps could have hurt Federal prospects at Second Manassas. At the same time, Pope appears to have had more than enough force on hand without Franklin to avoid being driven from the field at Second Manassas—at least until Irvin McDowell stripped the Federal position south of the Warrenton Turnpike just as James Longstreet began his assault on August 30. (I further addressed the particular matter of Pope's conduct and merits, unavoidably going further into the subject of McClellan's conduct, in a January 2006 guest post on Eric Wittenberg's blog, which can be found here: http://civilwarcavalry.com/?p=94.) Of course, you cannot escape the fact that, right or wrong, McClellan should have complied with the clearly expressed wishes of his superiors in regard to Franklin's corps. That Halleck unwisely gave him discretion on the matter at a critical moment is to Halleck's discredit; and given that Halleck's appointment—indeed, the whole lousy situation in August 1862—was Lincoln's call, to the president's discredit as well. When a guy clearly objects to something you have told him to do and then you give him discretion in the matter . . . what do you think he is going to do? Then, add in the fact that the thing you want the guy to do is against his professional judgment, involves supporting a policy turn he has made abundantly clear he believes will be to the detriment of the country and cause, and involves helping another individual whose appointment and conduct since his appointment had been one calculated personal and professional insult after another. In light of all of this, are we really supposed to be shocked that McClellan, given sufficient cause (which he was), adopted the wrong–but nonetheless operationally defensible—course of action he did? In sum, Bonekemper is correct that McClellan (in Lincoln's words) "acted badly" in August 1862. He is also correct that the general's personal motives and interests—and the decidedly unsavory tone of his personal correspondence—are a big part of this very, very sad story. They are not, however, the entire story. If a truly fair assessment is to be made of McClellan's conduct (warts and all) a more comprehensive understanding of the factors at work must be provided than what is offered in Bonekemper's essay. Ed Bonekemper, author of McClellan and Failure, teaches at Muhlenberg College. This article was originally published in the December 2010 issue of Civil War Times. Ethan S. Rafuse is professor of military history at the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College and the author of McClellan's War: The Failure of Moderation in the Struggle for the Union (2005). 8 Responses Jeff 10/6/2010 I love this site. It is one of my favorites, it also coincides with my Bible Prophecy pages. After all, History if it's not studied will be repeated. Watch Russia and Iran really close Reply Civil War Times February 2011 « Bull Runnings 12/15/2010 […] Ethan Rafuse and Ron Baumgarten comment on Bonekemper's McClellan article in the December 2010 issue. For an expansion on Rafuse's letter, see here. […] Reply Thomas J. Rowland 12/15/2010 A very admirable response to Bonekemper's McClellan — Ethan & Ron. Reply Bob Hamann 1/17/2011 Ethan, You have previously stated when we spoke; "I have wrestled a lot mentally with the question of whether McClellan's intention was to hold back Sumner and Franklin in order to bring about Pope's defeat. Right now, my view is that he thought Pope was so incompetent and the policy he was executing was so ill-conceived that certain defeat awaited if the Federals did not pull back closer to Washington. Thus, he saw the policy of sending troops out to Pope (with what happened to Taylor's command when it was sent out the morning of the 27th fresh in his mind) as the wrong one on the military merits–in effect doubling-down on a bad bet. He was given orders by Halleck to march Franklin out to Pope, though, regardless of what he thought was the proper policy. Unfortunately, McClellan managed to badger Halleck into giving him discretion on the movements of Franklin on the 29th. If anyone else wants to argue McClellan's actions were driven by a desire to actively undermine Pope, though, I can see that there is a very, very strong case for that. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> You are quite right- there is a strong case, yet you do present a valid, though limited defense of General McClellan. To view George McClellan through your eyes one must totally ignore and basically shun Mac's own words and thoughts. You make a mention of them above, but it isn't something you choose to explore for obvious reasons. I don't blame you- if I were one that has tried so hard to rehabilitate George McClellan, I wouldn't want to have to defend his writings, remarks, or comments as such. No amount of qualifications with ever take away from the fact that he was a failure in the Civil War. You yourself said on CW Talk that; "The story of George McClellan in the Civil War is in many ways one of failure, it's just a matter of how you qualify that failure." George McClellan had the power to end the Civil War long before ACH- he had the power to save hundreds of thousands of lives- he failed. Who was George McClellan? What he said about Robert E. Lee best describes McClellan (From his letter to Lincoln); "…Gnl Robt Lee is in command in our front — Johnston is under him! I learn that there has been quite a struggle on the subject between Davis and his Congress, Davis insisting upon Johnston. I prefer Lee to Johnston — the former is too cautious and weak under given responsibility — personally brave and energetic to a fault, he yet is wanting in moral firmness when pressed by heavy responsibility & is likely to be timid & irresolute in action. The difficulties of our position are undeniable, that is the enemy is in a very strong position — but I never expected to get to Richmond without a hard fought battle, & am just as willing to fight it here as elsewhere— I am confident of success, not only of success but of brilliant success. I think that a defeat here substantially breaks up the rebel cause." When Mac spoke about Lee he must have been looking in the mirror at himself. I'd also throw in the fact that his reports of phantom legions facing him on the battlefield- tens upon tens of thousands of men that existed in a fantasy world can never be qualified, they were the height of absurdity. His delusions go beyond simple numbers- stating also that Lee would never venture upon a bold movement on any large scale was equally ridiculous. Additionally absurd was the fact that not 7 months after Malvern Hill, when the CCCW asked him if he was at the Battle of Malvern Hill, or on a gunboat, what were the first three words of McClellan's response? "I don't remember…" What was the reason why McClellan claimed Lee had 2.5 times the men at Antietam compared to the actual numbers even months after the battle? Here is the biggest mountain to climb regarding George McClellan- his own writings, words and documents show what he thought- when he thought it- why he thought it. You have to ignore all of that to rehabilitate McClellan. Reply Mike 4/19/2011 Very interesting regarding McClellan…and the Second Manassas battle IMO is Lee's best of the war. Very often overlooked. If you wanna read some ACW commentary and debate, check out The Jerks Corps at jerkscorps.com. I'm about to begin a series of ACW posts that might make for some very interesting discussion. Reply Chris Zoeller 3/7/2012 I disagree with the author from first to last. Yes, General McClellan started the spring campaign with promise. The counter thrust of General Lee, did not push him back. The Army of the Potomac moved of its own volition to Harrison's Landing on the James River. No heels were being cooled, rather the Union Army was reorganized under the protection of unbeatable artillery and naval guns to a bit over 100,000 men—just 15 miles from Richmond. On a strategic level, McClellan had placed his troops in the position to pin the rebels to their capital and to begin the siege needed to win the war. On the contrary to Professor Bonekemper's assertion that Lee had achieved some sort of victory, the facts demonstrate that on every one of the Seven Days, more confederates fell than union men. At Mechanicsville and Gaines MIll, Lee attacked time and time again and lost a quarter of A.P. Hills' Light Division and another few thousand from General Longstreet. In the encounter battles at or near White Oak Swamp, near Savage Station or Frasiers' Farm, the Lee lost many more troops than McClellan. It is a clear that Malvern Hill was one of the bloodiest repulses of the Civil War.So when the troops were supported by Union gunboats there could be no further attacks. Again, contrary to this article, Pope was not given command to counter McClellans' lack of success. He replaced General McDowell whose detachment from McClellan and approach to Gordonsville caused him to reach with a reinforced Porter to the right Yes, Lee was unbalanced by the foolish withdrawal of McClellan from where he needed to be. Once begun, the withdrawal allowed Lee to send Jackson north so that Pope could attack him time and time again until Porter arrived in late afternoon just before the reunited Army of Northern Virginia attacked along their entire line. The author apparently believes that Porter should have come forward to the ground that Longstreet rightly said that not even a chicken could cross while under the fire from his artillery. Without doubt the removal of McClellan was a mistake. In 1862 the Army of the Potomac stood 15 miles from Richmond and a little less to Petersburg while Lee was pinned to stay right there. History demonstrates that it took at least 5 major Battles for that Army to get back to the same strategic position—over 125,000 union casualties to get to where U.S.Grant got when he crossed the James and began the siege of Richmond–that eventually starved Lee out of his capital and then forced to surrender. The order withdrawing McClellan from the Pennisula provided the South with a victory at Richmond and enabled Lee to concentrate his forces and demolish Pope. Not pinned to Richmond, Lee crossed into Maryland and could have won the war at Antietam. Think of all the dead and wounded men the Union Armay experienced to get back to where they were and then tell me again that McClellan's Telegram warning Halleck of disaster if he were withdrawn Reply Chris Zoeller 3/7/2012 The above was not edited, sorry. Reply Ethan S. Rafuse 3/30/2012 Thanks for the responses, guys. Little Mac and Second Manassas are big subjects and offer compelling evidence of the fact that history is not merely the assemblage of information from the past, but "an argument without end." Reply Leave a Reply Cancel Reply Your email address will not be published. Name* Email* Website Comment


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FDA Approves Hysingla ER, Has Abuse-deterrent Properties »
"The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Hysingla ER (hydrocodone bitartrate), an extended-release (ER) opioid analgesic to treat pain severe enough to require daily, around-the-clock, long-term opioid treatment and for which alternat"...
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Waldorf College will debut its third art gallery exhibit of the academic year on Jan. 7, 2013. The exhibit will feature works by Ted Bieth, a teacher at Northwood Kensett Community Schools and North Iowa Area Community College.
Dr. Kristín Jónína Taylor, Associate Professor of Music at Waldorf College, has been selected by The College Music Society (CMS) to serve as their inaugural ambassador to Iceland.
Forest City, Iowa – Ring in the holiday season with music at Christmas with Waldorf, an annual weekend of concert performances, at Immanuel Lutheran Church on Saturday, December 1, at 7:30 p.m., and Sunday, December 2, at 3:00 p.m. The theme of this year's performance is A Rose in Winter.
Dean Swenson. He'll be introducing himself to the community this October when he debuts his latest exhibition: Acrylic and Mixed Media Paintings.
Dr. Robert AuFrance will debut his original play Lawn Mower Wars as the opening show of Waldorf College's 2012-2013 theatre season.
Waldorf College Associate Professor of Music Dr. Kristín Jónína Taylor has been invited to join the roster of Steinway Artists, an honor she will share with some of the world's most acclaimed pianists.
Dean Safe is experiencing the culminating point of his undergraduate program at Waldorf College as his senior student art exhibition is being displayed at the Waldorf Gallery until April 25.
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Once Upon a Time in MexicoHD Closed Captioning
Robert Rodriguez
Open iTunes to preview, buy and download this film.
Plot Summary
Leaping back into action, gun-slinging, guitar-toting hero "El Mariachi" is back in town in ONCE UPON A TIME IN MEXICO, as director Robert Rodriguez delivers the epic final chapter of his pulp Western trilogy. Starring Antonio Banderas, Salma Hayek, Johnny Depp, Mickey Rourke, Eva Mendes, Enrique Iglesias and Willem Dafoe ONCE UPON A TIME IN MEXICO is a full-frontal assault.
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- 9,99 €
- Genre: Action & Adventure
- Released: 2003
- © 2003 Columbia Pictures Industries , Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Various: Duty free alcohol in Langkawi
Alcohol is duty free on the island of Langkawi only. It is cheaper that at any airport duty free shops I have seen. The amount flown from the island restricted, however. It is a good place to buy that expensive cognac or very old whiskey.
What to buy: Alcohol in Langkawi.
What to pay: Prices are very low.Related to:
- Food and Dining
Kota Raya Shopping Complex, Kuala Lumpur: In the heart of Chinatown
Kota Raya Shopping Complex is located at the junction of Jalan Silang and Jalan Tun Tan Cheng Lock right in the heart of Kuala Lumpur's Chinatown. It is one of the oldest shopping centers in Kuala Lumpur. It was a very popular shopping center in the 1960s and 1970s. It is still popular today for budget shoppers. Kotaraya is conveniently located within a stone's throw from the main bus terminal Puduraya. It is also located adjacent to S & M Shopping Center along Jalan Silang.
Wide range of items at bargain prices are available in the shopping complex such as budget clothings, textiles, handbags, shoes, electrical goods, CDs, VCDs and DVDs, video tapes, handphone accessories, watches, spectacles, toys and households goods. Several hair dressing and beauty saloons are located on the first and second floors of the shopping complex. The upper floors are entertainment outlets with numerous video games archades.
What to buy: Handphone accessories, handbags, shoes and budget clothings.
What to pay: Prices at Kotaraya Shopping Center are very much cheaper than those of the larger shopping centers in the city. However quality of the goods may be inferior!
Mid Valley Megamall, Kuala Lumpur: A megamall for one stop shopping and entertainment
The Mid Valley Megamall is located at Lingkasan Syed Putra at Mid Valley City in the heart of the Klang Valley between Petaling Jaya and Kuala Lumpur. It is easily accessible by light rail transit (LRT) and/or public buses from Central Kuala Lumpur. It is actually located on the outskirts of Kuala Lumpur.
Mid Valley Megamall is one of the largest shopping and entertainment complexes in Southeast Asia. It has a total area of approximately 420,000 square meters comprising a magnificent six level shopping mall, office towers, and hotels. It was officially opened for business in 1999.
The main anchor tenants are Carrefour, Jusco and Metrojaya. They are all well known and large department stores cum supermarkets. Other impressive outlets include foodcourts, cineplexes and gaming outlets such as the bowling alleys and game arcades for young and old. Opening hours are between 10.00 a.m. and 10.00 p.m. daily. Warning: you can easily get lost in the megamall as it is huge!
What to buy: Fresh food and drinks especially for those who live in apartments and who do their own cooking.
What to pay: At bargain competitive prices as there are three supermarkets in the shopping mall.Related to:
- Family Travel
Asian Cultural Village, Genting Highlands: Shopping for arts and crafts
Asian Cultural Village is located at First World Plaza at the podium of First World Hotel in Genting Highlands Resort in the state of Pahang. It comprises stalls from approximately 10 Asian countries including those from Southeast Asia, Japan, South Korea, china and India.
Products such as arts and crafts, local handicrafts, toys and dolls, gifts and souvenirs, pewters, antiques, titbits and snacks are available at Asian Cultural Village. They certainly add colours to already impressive Indoor Theme Park in particular and First World Plaza in general!
What to buy: Local handicrafts from certain Asian countries sound attractive items to purchase.
What to pay: Prices of goods can be considered reasonable considering that you do not have to travel to neighbouring countries to purchase those items.Related to:
- Family Travel
Tesco Department Store, Melaka: One stop shopping
Tesco Department Store is a hypermarket located at Jalan Tun Abdul Razak just opposite Melaka Sentral in the heart of the city of Melaka. It is one of the several large department stores in Melaka that have their own buildings under one roof with ample free parking lots. The others are Jusco Stores and Giant.
Tesco was founded in 1924 in Europe. However they established their businesses in Malaysia rather late. Tesco Department Store in Melaka was opened to the public in 2002 and it was only its second operations in Malaysia. The first one was located at Puchong in the state of Selangor. Since then many more stores have opened throughout West Malaysia. The department stores are owned by Tesco Stores (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd which was incorporated in 2001.
Wide range of household items are available at Tesco Department Store ranging from groceries to fresh food. It claims to have carried a total of 86,000 lines of products including more than 1,300 Tesco branded items in its website below. Opening hours at Melaka store are between 8.00 a.m. and 11.00 p.m. on weekdays and between 8.00 a.m. and 12.00 midnight on weekends.
What to pay: Prices of goods are cheaper at hypermarket. This is to be expected due to large sales and lower cost.Related to:
- Family Travel
Dataran Pahlawan Megamall, Melaka: Newest Shopping Centre in town
Dataran Pahlawan Melaka Megamall is a new player in the shopping business in Melaka. It is the latest shopping complex to be built in fast developing Melaka city. Its building seems to be a little bit smaller than that of Mahkota Parade Shopping Complex located next door. Nevertheless it has a total buildup area of approximately one and a half million square feet! That is not small by any means!
The megamall has seven levels of shopping spaces including the upper and lower ground floors. It was opened to the public in 2005. Hundreds of retail outlets are located inside the megamall, most of them are comparatively smaller compared to those of the Mahkota Parade Shopping Centre. Wide range of consumer goods are available in the shopping centre particularly shoes, clothings and textiles at bargain prices. Fastfood restaurants such as Mc Donald's are located on the ground floor of Megamall for the convenient of shoppers.
What to buy: Clothings and textiles.
What to pay: Reasonable prices compared to those of Mahkota Shopping Centre.Related to:
- Family Travel
Mahkota Parade Shopping Centre, Melaka: The largest shopping centre in town
Mahkota Parade Shopping Centre is located at Melaka Raya, Bandar Hilir right in the heart of historic Melaka City. It is the largest shopping centre in the city of Melaka. It has four levels of shopping, restaurants and entertainment spaces. Its main anchor tenant is Parkson Grand which is a local department store cum supermarket. The shopping centre has a total area of approximately 1.2 million square feet.
Wide range of consumer goods are available in the shopping centre ranging from electrical goods and watches to clothings and textiles. A food court, entertainment outlets, bowling alley and games arcades are also located at upper floors of the shopping complex. Most of the fastfood restaurants are located on the ground floor of the complex. Ample car parking lots are available for shoppers at the basement as well as outside the shopping complex.
What to pay: The shopping centre is considered an upmarket shopping centre in Melaka. Prices of goods can be a little bit expensive compared to those of Chinatown.Related to:
- Family Travel
Upmarket Shopping Centre: Suria KLCC, Kuala Lumpur
Suria KLCC is located at the podium of Petronas Twin Towers at prestigious Kuala Lumpur City Center (KLCC) along Jalan Ampang said to be Kuala Lumpur's Golden Mile at one time. It is Malaysia's premier shopping center within Kuala Lumpur's Golden Triangle. Suria is a Malay word meaning sunshine. It was opened to the public in 1999. It has a total area of approximately 140,000 square meters. Thus it is without question one of the largest shopping centers in Malaysia.
Suria KLCC is surrounded by international hotels, impressive office buildings, high end luxurious apartments and condominiums and a large park with man-made lake. It is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Kuala Lumpur.
Six levels of retail outlets are available for your shopping pleasure. Anchor tenants at Suria KLCC are Parkson Grand and Isetan. Most of the shops are dealing in high fashion and stores dealing in branded goods. Please note that cameras and video recording are not allowed on upper floors of the shopping complex. Several large restaurants especially fastfood chains, showrooms and entertainment outlets are also located in the shopping complex. Opening hours are between 10.00 a.m. and 10.00 p.m. daily including public holidays.
Jonker Walk, Melaka: Shopping for antiques
Jonker Walk is located at Jonker Street (known as Jalan Hang Jebat) right in the heart of Melaka's Chinatown in the historic city of Melaka. It is a narrow street with some of Melaka's oldest houses dating back to 17th century when Dutch conquored Melaka.
Jonker Street is formerly known as Antique Street due to the many antique stores around the area selling ancient artifacts and various antiques from the past centuries. Jonker is a Dutch word which literally means master. Jonker Street is an ideal location to hunt and bargain for antiques and ancient artifacts. Jonker Walk was established in the year 2000 by Melaka State Government to boost tourism to Melaka city.
During the weekends between 7.00 p.m. and 12.00 mignight from Friday to Sunday nights , the whole street is closed to vehicular traffic and the street transforms into large open-air night markets. Wide range of items are on sale at the night markets including ornamental antiques, old copper coins, souvenirs, local delicious food, arts and crafts, clothings and textiles, CDs and DVDs, household utensils and wooden clog.
It is always very crowded on those nights. Open-air markets at Jonker Walk are popular tourist attractions and destinations. Don't miss shopping at Jonker Walk when you are in Melaka for your vacation!
What to buy: Antiques from the past two to three centuries, ancient artifacts, ornamental jewelleries, local arts and crafts, old copper coins, wooden clog and Malaysian souvenirs are highly recommended to purchase from Jonker Walk.
What to pay: Prices at stores in Jonker Walk are generally cheaper than those of other locations in Melaka.Related to:
- Family Travel
Jusco in Petronas: Quality shopping
Though there are plenty of places in KL to do some inexpensive shopping believe me none of th goods you buy lst longer than a month. The only experience we had otherwise was with this store in Petronas which offered good deals for good merchandise.
What to buy: handbags, cosmetics
What to pay: 100 ringets
Fiona Exclusive: Hot to buy Textile and curtain
Emerge as one of the biggest in providing wide range of textile and curtain products in Nilai-3 Wholesale centre. Beautiful shop! High class!
What to buy: By judging to the shop outlook, don't be surprise to know that some of the items only sell from range RM15 and up to few hundreds. Unbelievable
What to pay: RM100Related to:
- Singles
- Family Travel
Idaman Collection Ent - Nilai 3 Wholesale centre: Hot to buy bags and luggage
Easy to recognize! Just next to marrybrown of Nilai-3 Wholesale Centre. Weather proof! Your are protected by hot sun and rain. Shop with fuzzy free. Provide wide range of bags and luggage. Wow! The price also very exciting. What so surprising me is the shop Website! They really teach you how to bargain! No joke! Really interesting! You can check it out
What to buy: All kinds of bags and luggage and etc. Majority from China products. Selected premium product. Anyhow, they have been upgraded to sell some genuine bags and luggage. Find out more in their website.
What to pay: RM2-RM200Related to:
- Singles
- Family Travel
- Budget Travel
Oggy Collection Ent - Nilai 3 wholesale centre: Hot item : sexy night wear, bags and luggage
Nice, neat, interior design make visitor feel very romance and comfortable. Cool items !! Item offer can be further discount. Wide range of product provided. Suitable for whole family members. Product selling unique in this place.
What to buy: Sexy lingerie, sexy night wear, sexy sleep wear, bags, luggage, genuine branded bags and luggage such as Caterpillar, Millet, High Sierra, Greenpoint polo, Vertical. Soft toys also.
What to pay: RM5 to RM800Related to:
- Budget Travel
- Women's Travel
- Romantic Travel and Honeymoons
Have u ever heard of Pins Craft? Believe it or not, we are using thousand and thousand pieces of plastic head pins to create lovely pictures, portraits, calligraphy and etc.
This is a newly invented innovative product from an artist in Malaysia and it is the first of its kind in the world.
What to buy: HANDICRAFT
What to pay: RM500.00> RM3000.00Related to:
- Business Travel
- National/State Park
- Arts and Culture
Sunday Market at Jalan Gaya starts early. Here you will find local handicrafts, clothing, native food, plants, and just about anything even antiques. It is one whole stretch of a street, crowded but very interesting.
What to buy: Local handicrafts, native food and delicaciesRelated to:
- Budget Travel
- Family Travel
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|Mpls. Police: Mother Wasn't Home When Fire that Killed 3 Kids Started
|Dutch Safety Board: Missile Exploded About Yard from MH17 Cockpit
|St. Paul Teacher, Police Union Treasurer Speak Out about Recent School Brawls
|Lawsuit Filed Against Priest Working in Elk River School
|Metro Transit Bus Driver Accused of Soliciting Teen Appears in Court


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Suicide-Prevention Training Begins Monday and the University of Montana
The University of Montana is hosting suicide prevention training starting on Monday.
The University of Montana is hosting suicide prevention training starting on Monday.
On Saturday, 18 rugby teams from across the state gathered at the Washington-Grizzly stadium for a tournament to raise awareness for those at risk of suicide.
It's cold and flu season again. Every year when the cold weather takes over, and people spend most of their time inside together, the germs run rampant. The ...
More than 2.2 million Americans, and over 60 million people around the world have glaucoma. The worst part of all is that half of this population doesn't even know they have it, according to the Glaucoma Research Foundation.
The 6th annual Take Back the Night ceremony and march will be April 14 in Hamlton. A potluck will start this year's event at 6pm in Hamilton's City Hall on South 2nd Street...


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Tag Archives: Will Eisner
A Salute from the Elephantmen
In 2007, when is Elephantmen series turned out to be quite the hit, Richard Starkings came up with a "P" issue, or a Pilot, a collection of short stories that were created by other artists for the Comicraft website and … Continue reading
Posted in Comics Tagged Richard Starkings, Will Eisner Leave a comment
Google celebrates Eisner
To mark what would have been the 94th birthday of the founding father of graphic novels, on March 5 Google graced its search page with a doodle featuring Will Eisner's best-known character, the Spirit, and the word "Google" spelled with … Continue reading
Posted in Comics Tagged Scott McCloud, Will Eisner Leave a comment
The Comic Strip Hero
This BBC documentary was aired in 1981 as part of their Arena series of documentary films. Read on for more parts, featuring Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster, but also Will Eisner, Trina Robbins and others.
Posted in Comics Tagged Superman, Will Eisner Leave a comment
Eisner by Kriek
Today I finally received the first issue of the new Dutch literary magazine Eisner, the first of its kind to be completely devoted to visual narratives and graphic novels. It's a thin trade paperback of about 70 pages, with new … Continue reading
Posted in Comics Tagged Erik Kriek, Will Eisner Leave a comment
Yeah ! What he said !
This great piece of comics criticism was lifted from The Spirit #19, written by Mark Evanier and Sergio Aragonés with art by Paul Rivoche (DC Comics, september 2008). I don't think Scott McCloud could have put it better. And it … Continue reading
Posted in Comics Tagged Mark Evanier, Scott McCloud, Sergio Aragones, The Spirit, Will Eisner Leave a comment
Eisner in PS Magazine Online
Fans of Will Eisner, rejoice ! The Virginia Commonwealth University library seems to have quite a few issues of the fabled P.S. Magazine in its collections, and has now made complete scans for 145 regular issues, 3 special issues, and … Continue reading
Posted in Comics, Illustration Tagged PS Magazine, Will Eisner 3 Comments
Soul Invader !
One more example of the superhero trope : Roy Meriwether's Soul Invader album from 1968, with artwork by Will Eisner / Murphy Anderson (although The Incrowd has his doubts – thanks anyway !)
Posted in Illustration, Music Tagged Murphy Anderson, Will Eisner Leave a comment


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The Waking Crew
Brian Stephenson
Lou "The Professor" Bartelli
The Dew Man
Tom Kent Music Magazine
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The Ten Most Patriotic States, and the Ten Least Patriotic
For the Fourth of July, WalletHub.com analyzed all 50 states to find out which ones are the most PATRIOTIC.They looked at eig...
The Broadway Casts of "The Lion King" and "Aladdin" Got Stuck at the Same Airpor
The cast of"The Lion King"on Broadway got stranded at LaGuardia Airport in New York last Sunday, and so did the Bro...
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Best Dressed: The Week in Outfits
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I know it's a bit early, but I figure I should get some before I start getting big to improve the elasticity of my belly! : )Ā
Does anyone know of a stretch mark cream that actually works?
Me (31) DH (30)
MC (8/11at 10w); DD 11/8/12 6 lbs 11 oz
Comments (10)
I also love the intense moisturizing cream from mary kay.... they also have a toning lotion that I use on my legs... love it! I am using the mary kay this time and including before and after pictures for my portfolio.
Mommy to Tommy IV 8/7/09 and Faith-Ann Nicole 2/12/12
Stretch marks are genetic, so there isn't anything that you can use that will actually work. They can help with itching though.┬Ā
Mama to:
Leila @ 24wks 12/25/07 - 12/27/07
Lily @ 36wks 11/06/09 ( . Y . )
Leena @33 weeks 1/1/12 ( . Y . )
I bought Mama Mio Tummy Rub Butter off Amazon. It is kind of pricey but had tons of good reviews. It smells really lemony (to me anyway). I've only been using it a few days, so I'm not sure what the final outcome will be but hopefully it will work! Here is a link
None of them work. People who think they work have good genes and wouldn't have gotten them anyways! I literally tried everything under the sun and was religious about it every day at least once a day with my son. The result? Tiger tummy. The good news? No room for new stretch marks this time around!
Mommy to Jack 7.08 Angel 1.11 Clara 2.12
Bio oil. It works. I have marks all over my butt from before, so I am prone to them. I usede bio oil twice a day with dd and didn't get any on my stomach.
4yr old (SCH,PTL,bedrest,no fluid>emerg Csec)
MC 8/10 & 4/11 1 yr old (Anemia,PTL,bedrest,SPD,RCS)
Baby boy due in May (GD/Insulin,PTL,bedrest, etc etc
if you are going to get them you are going to get them.┬Ā nothing is going to stop that from happening
Mommy to Natalie Blair Aug 2007 - m/c 7/26/11 @ 9w1d
4yr old (SCH,PTL,bedrest,no fluid>emerg Csec)
MC 8/10 & 4/11 1 yr old (Anemia,PTL,bedrest,SPD,RCS)
Baby boy due in May (GD/Insulin,PTL,bedrest, etc etc
Spoiled Mama Tummy Butter & Bump Gloss! Tried another brand and didnt feel as good to me.
no such thing...be proud of your tiger stripes, you earned them!


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$80 free shippingShop Now
Seagate 3TB SATA 6Gbps Hard Drive
Newegg offers the Seagate 3TB Barracuda Serial ATA 6Gb/s Internal Hard Drive, model no. ST3000DM001, for $89.99. Coupon code "ESCAXNX24" cuts that to $79.99. With free shipping, that's the lowest total price we could find by $10, although we saw it for $5 less a month ago. It runs at 7200 rpm and features a 64MB cache. Deal ends October 2.


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This spring, Team 118 will be broken up into eight teams led by an assistant coach and captained by two players in the VFL Challenge. PHOTOS
Click here for the original story.
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If Bill Loeffler could do it over again, he would have saved each of the golf balls he used to make a hole-in-one. The 58-year-old Douglas County resident, who owns The Links Golf Course in Highlands Ranch, would have quite a collection: He's … more
Jim Benton | 7/27/15
Fishing guide Tom Caprio doesn't bring his own rod when he goes fishing — well, he's not really fishing. His job is to make sure other people catch fish. Caprio, 55, guides fly-fishing tours for Colorado Fly Fishing Adventures and founded … more
Nick Puckett | 7/27/15
Knee deep in the north fork of the South Platte River, John Scialdone whips his fly rod back and forth across the water. With a flick of the wrist, he jerks the rod forward, sweeping the line through the air, landing it in the water. His cast is … more
Nick Puckett | 7/27/15
More than 200 south metro area residents were among the thousands of cyclists who rode 150 miles-plus over three days to raise money for patients of Children's Hospital Colorado. Nearly 2,000 riders pedaled the Courage Classic bike tour along … more
Taryn Walker | 7/27/15
The long wait for public access to Rueter-Hess Reservoir is almost over. It was more than 10 years ago that Parker Water and Sanitation District customers overwhelmingly approved a $100 million bond issue to fund the construction of the reservoir … more
Chris Michlewicz | 7/22/15 | 2 comments
Two young men walk toward the starter's booth at the Broken Tee Englewood golf course. One wears jeans and a tank top, the other basketball shorts, also sporting a sleeveless shirt. Neither wears golf shoes. Traditional etiquette would have … more
Jim Benton | 7/21/15
Jared Spires, chief operating officer for the Colorado Real soccer club, was in Maui on July 5 when the U.S. women beat Japan, 5-2, to win the World Cup soccer championship. "I was fortunate to be in Maui for my parents' 50th wedding … more
Jim Benton | 7/20/15
A special time of year is coming up for drag racing fans, as the Mopar Mile High Nationals will be roaring down the track July 24-26 at Bandimere Speedway in Morrison. The Mile High Nationals are the 14th stop on the National Hot Rod Association's … more
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Centennial's Missy Franklin competed with titans last week. And, as she usually does, she won. The four-time Olympic gold medalist and 2015 NCAA Swimmer of the Year joined icons from the sports world — including Peyton Manning, LeBron James … more
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Eliminating strokes from a golf scorecard could start with workouts in the gym. Improving overall fitness and adding some golf-specific resistance training are factors that can help lower a handicap, experts say. "Any golf professional can … more
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BackgroundAdventurers beware - Rayman's universe has exploded into a whacked-out world of cartoon mayhem and mind-blowing battles. When Globox accidentally swallows the Lord of the Dark Lums, a fanatic army of trigger- happy Hoodlums wreaks total havoc to get their Lord back. Rayman's only chance? Journey the vast reaches of the world to purge the Dark Lum Lord from the manic Globox, scour the lands for unearthly new powers and battle with hordes of Hoodlum soldiers, contraptions and maniacal bosses.
- Advanced platformer with dazzling environments
- An epic, dark cartoon fantasy, unlike anything Rayman has ever faced
- Travel the icy cliffs of the Summit of Fury to the bitter Moor of Mad Spirits
- Fight huge transforming bosses and entire armies
- Amazing new powers for Rayman
Official URLOfficial Site
Recent threads
- Rayman3, Hoodlum Havoc Jun 4
- The game is going too fast. Apr 18
- This games actually pretty hard!:L Jan 2
- Your fav character? Jan 2
Swinging Tipper and 10 others played Rayman 3: Hoodlum Havoc
Swinging Tipper and 43 others own Rayman 3: Hoodlum Havoc
EphriokkoIt lacks much of the charm of the previous two games but is still very entertaining. You get so much more out of it if you just pay... Rayman3HoodlumHavoc PC
Jul 25, 10 11:21pm
Gefloungadded 17 new screenshots
Dec 28, 09 5:19pm
Gefloungadded 8 new concept art
Dec 28, 09 5:18pm
maxoman123got, to admit, one off the easyest games i have ever played, and is the first game i played on ps2 9/10 Rayman3HoodlumHavoc PC
Oct 06, 09 6:09am
WoodentopNot Bad Rayman3HoodlumHavoc PC
Mar 13, 09 3:16am
DeeIt's okay! Rayman3HoodlumHavoc PC
Feb 26, 09 10:07am
raymanmastergood Rayman3HoodlumHavoc PC
Dec 04, 08 3:26am
raymanmastergood Rayman3HoodlumHavoc PC
Dec 02, 08 2:38am
sonic 911just wait for the final boss...he scares me. Rayman3HoodlumHavoc PC
Nov 14, 08 7:12am
megaman en mgood platformer Rayman3HoodlumHavoc PC
Jul 22, 08 3:52am
DragonSlayer45added a cheat
Feb 18, 08 9:59am
Keeper Of Preceptsadded a cheat
Feb 16, 08 6:18am
DragonSlayer45added 2 cheats
Feb 12, 08 6:14pm
DragonSlayer45added a cheat
Aug 12, 07 10:14am
JBHarvestmoonNever played it yet I own it! But my lil cusins like it. Rayman3HoodlumHavoc PC
Dec 12, 06 8:59pm
supa warrioryay another rayman game Rayman3HoodlumHavoc PC
May 20, 06 12:38am
solidsnake_03Well it's um ok Rayman3HoodlumHavoc PC
Mar 13, 06 6:22pm
Krunaladded 13 new screenshots
Dec 07, 04 7:12pm
- Genre: Fantasy Adventure (PS2)
- Perspective(s): Third Person
- Developer: Ubisoft
- Publisher: Ubisoft
Released North America Feb 20, 2003


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2015 GMC Sierra 2500HD WT
2015 GMC Sierra 2500HD SLT
2015 Chevrolet Colorado 4WD Z71
West Parks Price: $28,988
2015 Chevrolet Colorado WT
2015 GMC Sierra 1500 SLT
2015 Chevrolet Silverado 3500 WT
2015 Chevrolet Traverse LT
West Parks Price: $26,988
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Featured New Cars*2015 Chevrolet Malibu LT
Featured New Cars*2015 Chevrolet Malibu LT
Welcome To West Park Motors Ltd - Your Altona Chevrolet, Buick, and GMC Dealer!
The entire team at West Park Motors Ltd is here to help you. Just let us know how we can best serve you. We are your premier retailer of new Chevrolet, Buick and GMC vehicles. If you have a long commute and fuel economy is a main consideration, check out the Sonic, Cruze, Malibu or Verano. If you're looking for something with room for the whole family, the dog, and then some, browse our full line of SUVs including the Acadia, Equinox, Enclave and Terrain. Or if you're looking for a truck that can do hard labor, look no further than our comprehensive inventory of pickups, including the Silverado 1500 and Sierra 1500. West Park Motors Ltd is also your premium source for the prized Chevrolet Silverado 2500HD and Silverado 3500HD. As well as the GMC Sierra 2500HD and Sierra 3500HD models.
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West Park has a great selection of certified pre-owned vehicles representing all makes and models. As mentioned, we are committed to helping you drive away in the vehicle of your dreams. We want to help you buy what you want, the way you want to buy it at the price you want. Our handy website makes it easy to browse our used vehicle inventory, ask questions about our vehicles, or even schedule a test drive. We also serve Winkler and Morden areas.
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Evaporation-Induced Self-Alignment and Transfer of Semiconductor Nanowires by Wrinkled Elastomeric Templates
The evaporation-induced self-alignment of semiconductor nanowires is achieved using wrinkled elastomeric templates. The wrinkled templates, which have a surface topography that can be tuned via changes in the mechanical strain, are used as both a template to align the nanowires and as a stamp to transfer the aligned nanowires to target substrates.
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A former narcotics detective admitted to routinely faking drug charges in order to help officers meet department quotas.
Stephen Anderson testified under a cooperation deal with prosecutors that it was common for officers to frame innocent people on drug busts, a practice known as "flaking." According to The Daily News, Anderson's testimony is the first public account highlighting the alleged illicit behavior among Brooklyn South and Queens narcotics teams.
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Calgary, ABCanada
Hometown: Calgary
November 9, 2012
Hiking, Scrambling, snowshoeing
I like hiking, I been doing a bit more of it this year, I think i'm pretty fit but don't have much of a reference point. I have not done any really technically challenging hikes or scrambles but I want to. I also want to take up snowshoeing this year, I just got my first pair of snowshoes, heading out to bragg creek tomorrow for my first run and definitely interested in some snow shoeing trips.
My Name is Chris, I've lived in Calgary for the last 2 decades, my favorite part of living here has always been the Rockies but I haven't been taking enough advantage of that,recently started hiking, and I want to try snowshoeing and xcountry skiing.
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I was on Celexa for about 2 years and noticed about 15 pounds of weight gain. I started working out with a trainer in January and changed my eating habits as well. Still can't seem to drop a pound. Talked to my doctor and he put me on Lexapro. I have been on it for almost 2 months now and have even increased my cardio per week and eating even healthier but haven't seen a weight loss yet. Will I ever be able to lose weight while on Lexapro?
Responses (1)
10 Nov 2011
Hello laneyg16. Its a fair question, and I've really not an definite yes or no. I was on both celexa and lexapro and no weight gain. I now am on paxil and remeron and fighting the pounds. When it comes to psychiatric drugs, its open season so to speak. You might get responses from people saying they stopped lexapro because of the weight issue, and from others that will tell you, it wasn't an issue at all. I might say this is you haven't gained any more weight and thats a positive. Best to you,
Oh no! Say it ain't so, Joe! pledge, I can see our coffee get-togethers changing to more tofu & yogourt. HA HA HA
Have a good day, everyone! I wish you the best!
from Wendy :)
Good Friday morning Wendy! Hope that you're doing well. No tofu for pledge :-0) Do have yourself a good one and theres seconds on coffee and the goodies this morn, are Scottish shortbread biscuits.
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A stage production requires a multitude of talents both on stage and off. To prepare students for the important behind-the-scenes roles at professional theatre companies, North Central College has launched a new academic program of study.
North Central College has named its Dean's List of scholars for the 2015 winter term. To be eligible for the Dean's List, undergraduate students must maintain a grade-point average of 3.6 (4.0=A) for the term and be enrolled as full-time students.
The following students were named to the Dean's List for winter term:
Heather AccetturaConnor AdamsBilal AdraMaya AdraCarolyn AikensAsma Al-OdainiEmily AlaimoJulie AlbrightMatthew AlfreyLauren AllenVictoria AlvarezNatalia AnastasovaCarrie Anderson
North Central College welcomes Chicago journalist and businessman Bill Kurtis and noted USANA scientist Brian Dixon, Ph.D., as presenters for the March 31 "Spring Into Health" event.
North Central College congratulates the high school team winners of the sectional competition in the Worldwide Youth in Science and Engineering (WYSE) Academic Challenge, held on the College's campus March 19. Team winners were announced during an award ceremony in the College's Pfeiffer Hall after students in 44 Illinois schools competed in a series of tests created and administered by WYSE. The top two or three teams in each division advanced to the Illinois WYSE challenge in April at the University of Illinois.
It's official: North Central College's student-run radio station WONC-FM 89.1 is the best of the best. For the first time in its history, WONC was awarded the Abraham & Brost Award for Best Overall Radio Station in the nation at the March 7 Awards Ceremony at the 75th annual Intercollegiate Broadcasting System (IBS) International Conference in New York City.
North Central College presents the solo exhibition "The Anatomy of Emotion," featuring the artwork of junior Lauren Denler through March 29.
In a collection of mixed media, ceramics and sculptures, "The Anatomy of Emotion" showcases Denler's avid research and interest in the exploration of the human figure and the fragmented body. The free exhibit is on display through March 29 in the College's Meiley-Swallow Hall Gallery, 31 S. Ellsworth St. An artist's reception will take place from 7 to 9 p.m. Friday, March 13, in the gallery; complimentary refreshments will be served.
For the first time since 2010, the North Central College Mock Trial team will advance to the American Mock Trial Association Opening Round Championship national tournament March 20-22.
Three teams of computer science students from North Central College continued their tradition of excellence at the 2015 Associated Colleges of the Chicagoland Area (ACCA) computer programming competition held Feb. 21 at Benedictine University in Lisle.
Taking first place in the advanced division were team members Chase Smith, a senior computer science major from Aurora; Ian Braun, a junior biochemistry major from Naperville; and Brett Bush, a senior computer science major from Clarendon Hills.
North Central College is one of five institutions nationwide to receive a 2015 Senator Paul Simon Award for Comprehensive Internationalization.
North Central College prepares students to be informed,
involved, principled and productive citizens and leaders over their lifetime.


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Jose Hurey, 39, is trying to move from refinishing chairs to cooking good food.
More importantly, he's been trying for a year to move from jobless to gainful unemployment after being laid off by a furniture company.
"Me personally, I'm just ready to work," the father of two from Alexandria said Wednesday while visiting his counselor at the Arlington Employment Center. "Everything is tight right now."
The country is full of Jose Hureys - willing, able … and totally out of luck.
That's why President Obama is convening a "jobs summit" Thursday.
Nearly three times as many Americans have lost their jobs in this recession as in the 1981-82 downturn, formerly considered to be the worst since the Great Depression.
Total employment plummeted 3.1 percent (2.8 million jobs) during that Reagan-era recession, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In today's economy, employment has collapsed 5.9 percent (8.1 million jobs) since December 2007.
The current jobless rate of 10.2 percent is still below the postwar peak of 10.8 percent in 1982, but that doesn't tell the whole story.
"Both the decline in jobs and the increase in the unemployment rate have been more severe than in any other recession since World War II," Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke told the Economic Club of New York in a speech last month.
Private-sector payrolls have plunged more than 7 percent since December 2007. The collapse has been so steep that private companies employed 2 million fewer workers in October than 10 years earlier.
It is another one for the record books - the worst drop in private-sector employment since the 1925-35 period, according to research by Charles McMillion, chief economist of MBG Information Services.
Even at the bottom of the 1981-82 recession, private employment was 10 million workers, or 18 percent, higher than a decade earlier.
This recession has hit men especially hard. With the male-dominated industries of manufacturing and construction shedding 2.1 million and 1.6 million jobs, respectively, the unemployment rate for men 20 and older, such as Mr. Hurey, has soared from 4.4 percent to 10.7 percent. The jobless rate for women in that age group has risen from 4.3 percent to 8.7 percent.
"I've got a fiancee and two kids," Mr. Hurey said. "Seeing her having to hold down the house is real rough because I was used to helping provide for my family."
The Federal Reserve Bank's Beige Book Report, released Wednesday, spoke of "further layoffs, sluggish hiring and high levels of unemployment in most … districts."
Yet today's double-digit jobless rate considerably understates the recession's toll on workers.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics compiles a broader measure of unemployment and underemployment. It includes unemployed workers looking for jobs and jobless workers too discouraged to look for work and part-time workers who want full-time employment.
That measure reached 17.5 percent in October, likely another record, analysts say.
The dismal jobless figures would be even worse if the labor force weren't shrinking, analysts say.
The labor force, which includes employed workers and jobless who have looked for work during the previous four weeks, tends to grow about 1.2 percent per year along with population growth, which includes immigration.
Even in the early 1980s recession, the labor force grew at a healthy clip.
During the past year, however, the labor force fell 0.6 percent, or by more than 900,000 - the first decline since 1962.
"If the labor force was growing at a normal 1.2 percent annual rate, the unemployment rate would now be over 12 percent," Mr. McMillion of MBG Information Services said. The decline is rooted partly in the rise in long-term unemployment, he said.
According to Bureau of Labor Statistics data, more than a third of today's 15.7 million unemployed Americans have been out of work for 27 weeks or longer. That's a postwar record, and it will be rising for some time, economists warn.
Economists expect the labor market to remain weak for years to come. Moody's Economy.com projects the unemployment rate will average 10.6 percent during next year's fourth quarter. Wells Fargo is forecasting a 10.8 percent jobless rate during that period.
The Federal Reserve doesn't expect unemployment to fall below 8.4 percent in the next two years. That's a different story from the 1980s, when the jobless rate had fallen from 10.8 percent in November 1982 to 7.2 percent two years later, helping President Reagan capture 49 states in his re-election campaign.
The story is not lost on some of today's elected representatives.
On the eve of the White House jobs summit, some of Mr. Obama's top advisers were signaling that the get-together could provide a boost to efforts by congressional Democrats to provide more federal aid to spur employers to begin hiring.
House Majority Leader Steny H. Hoyer, Maryland Democrat, said this week that lawmakers are looking at a number of steps to ease the plight of those out of work and to create jobs, including expanded unemployment aid and a 1930s-style public works program.
But Republicans have roundly criticized what they call a "second stimulus" package, on top of the unprecedented $787 billion recovery bill that Mr. Obama pushed through Congress a month after taking office - with little GOP backing.
Christina Romer, chairman of the White House Council of Economic Advisers, said in an interview Wednesday that Mr. Obama was open to many of the job-boosting measures under discussion in Congress, including new subsidies for small businesses and more spending on public infrastructure projects.
House Minority Whip Eric Cantor, Virginia Republican, challenged the White House to adopt Republican ideas that wouldn't require more government spending to create jobs, such as freezing tax increases and rejecting new regulations on business.
Mr. Cantor made his call a day ahead of Mr. Obama's jobs forum, which the White House hopes will show it is trying to combat high unemployment. The White House defended its guest list for the forum, which excludes free-market economists and the self-proclaimed voices of big and small business.
"I think it's pretty clear to say that chambers of commerce throughout this country and small-business owners throughout this country will be represented," said press secretary Robert Gibbs, pointing to the inclusion of companies such as FedEx and Google rather than the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and National Federation of Independent Business.
But Republicans' House leader, Rep. John A. Boehner of Ohio, announced a competing summit stacked with conservative economists, saying it will provide the forum Mr. Obama is denying to their point of view.
Mr. Cantor said Mr. Obama could draw bipartisan support with moves such as stopping tax hikes and new regulations. He also suggested approving pending free-trade agreements, freezing domestic discretionary spending and allowing for more domestic energy exploration.
"I know there are philosophical differences between the parties, but surely we can agree on a few common-sense things to help get America back to work," Mr. Cantor said in a speech at the conservative Heritage Foundation.
Mr. Gibbs said the White House is open to listening.
"If anybody has got ideas, I think folks would be happy to look at them, and I'm sure people will," he said.
Joseph Crouch, 60, of Arlington, was looking for ideas Wednesday at the Arlington Employment Center.
"I came here to get some help," he said. "I think that it's so hard in the job market, especially for ex-offenders. Plus I'm old."
Kara Rowland contributed to this report.


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deal over!
Antique palaces, historical bridges, ornate churches. Verona might be most famous for being the setting for the greatest love story ever told, but now it holds a brand new honour as the inspiration for today's gloriously decadent deal from Little Cottage Tea Rooms:
- Pay £18 (a £37.90 value) and you and your Romeo or Juliet can enjoy a Sparkling Verona afternoon tea.
- If you'd like to take a larger group, you can buy more than one voucher.
- The sumptuous treat will include a glass of bubbly on arrival as well as your choice of tea or coffee.
- Enjoy a selection of fine Italian anti-pasti as well as a fruit scone with fruit preserve and clotted cream and a choice of cake from Verona Cake, Dolce Vita Cake, or Pear and Amaretto Cake.
- Located in the beautiful village of Glynde, this friendly and welcoming tearoom prides itself on offering a unique and special afternoon.
Fall in love at first sight with today's deal, just click 'Buy Now'.
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Enjoy By 20 June, 2014
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Little Cottage Tea Rooms
Sparkling Afternoon Tea for Two
- from £18
up to 52%


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Dr. Grewal is always so helpful. She is very thorough with explaining things to me which definitley helps when I'm stressed out wondering what the heck is going on! I've had other family doctors in the past but only Dr. Grewal has been genuinely caring. She ALWAYS follows up on my lab reports, her receptionist calls to make sure I do my blood work if I forget, if Dr. Grewal is booked up they always offer if I want to be seen by another Dr. in their clinic to make sure I'm ok. I'm so grateful to have her as my Doctor.
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Doctor Grewal is the most helpful doctor I have ever had. She is patient and explains everything in detail to me about any issues I have. I couldn't ask for more from a family doctor, she is incredible and all my family trust having her take care of us!
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Has no idea what she's doing with medications; had a horrible reaction to one and she diagnosed it incorrectly (and insisted upon her first diagnosis over multiple visits spanning over a year) as a condition that has symptoms nothing like I was actually experiencing. Furthermore, she lets her own personal beliefs get in the way of your treatment methods, despite recommendations from TWO separate specialized professionals otherwise. If you require psychiatric care of any sort, I would definitely NOT recommend this doctor.
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By far the best physician I have been to. LIstens, asks questions and makes you interactive in your health.
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Dr. Grewal is by far the best doctor ive seen. When my doctor passed away whilst i was there with my fiance as my fiance was quite ill. She remembered i was thinking about switching so i didnt have to drive back to my home town. When she heard that my doctor had passed she immediately took me on and made me feel welcome. During my fiance's 6 month of disability, Dr.Grewal and staff were amazing putting us into a room allmost right away as my fiance could barely stand. Was really awesome to see a doctor care so much. Great with kids as often we have our son with us, even tho its not his appointment he feels left out when she checks both our chests as we often do double appointments and so checks his chest just for sake of keeping him happy. Dr.Grewal figured out what was wrong with my breathing in 2 days. My last doctor hadnt figured it out in 9 months!!! Absolutely best doctor around. Get on her list if your not already!
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Dr Grewal is so patient and knowledgable. She addresses all my issues or concerns each visit. I never feel rushed and I feel very comfortable with her. She truly cares for her patients and it is obvious because she is very thorough. The front reception staff lacks customer service skills. They do not smile and make you feel like you are being annoying each time you are there. They are so cold and unfriendly. It's unfortunate because all the doctors are amazing yet they have a terrible front staff.
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Dr Grewal is wonderful, very attentive and helpful but the office staff is horrible!
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