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Aim of the study is to assess the antimicrobial activity Cassia fistula fruit pulp extracts on some bacterial and fungal strains. Hydro alcohol and chloroform extracts of Cassia fistula fruit pulp were evaluated for the potential antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity was determined in both the extracts using the agar disc diffusion method. Extracts were effective on tested microorganisms. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of solvent extracts (5, 25, 50, 100, 250 μg/mL) of C. fistula were tested against two gram positive, two gram negative human pathogenic bacteria and three fungi, respectively. Crude extracts of C. fistula exhibited moderate to strong activity against most of the bacteria tested. The tested bacterial strains were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coil, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and fungal strains were Aspergillus. niger, Aspergillus. clavatus, Candida albicans. The antibacterial potential of the extracts were found to be dose dependent. The antibacterial activities of the C. fistula were due to the presence of various secondary metabolites. Hence, these plants can be used to discover bioactive natural products that may serve as leads in the development of new pharmaceuticals research activities.
Antibiotics are one of the most important weapons in fighting bacterial infections and have greatly benefited the health-related quality of human life since their introduction. Drugs derived from natural sources play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. In many countries, traditional medicine is one of the primary health care system.[1,2] Herbs are widely exploited in the traditional medicine and their curative potentials are well documented.[3] About 61% of new drugs developed between 1981 and 2002 were based on natural products and they have been very successful especially in the areas of infectious disease and cancer.[4] Recent trends, however, shows that the discovery rate of active novel chemical entities is declining.[5] Natural products of higher plants, may give a new source of antimicrobial agents with possibly novel mechanisms of action.[6,7] The effects of plant extracts on bacteria have been studied by a very large number of researchers in different parts of the world.[8] Much work has been done on ethno medicinal plants in India.[9]
In the recent years, researches on medicinal plants have attracted a lot of attention globally. Evidences have been accumulated to demonstrate the promising potential of medicinal plants used in various traditional, complementary, and alternative systems of treatment of human diseases. Plants are rich in a wide variety of secondary metabolites such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides etc, which have been found in vitro to have antimicrobial properties.[10,11]
Herbal medicines have been known to man since centuries. Therapeutic efficacy of many indigenous plants for several disorders have been described by practitioners of traditional medicine.[12] Antimicrobial properties of medicinal plants are being increasingly reported from different parts of the world. Traditional medicine continues to be a valuable source of remedies that have been used by millions of people around the world to secure their health.[13] The pharmaceutical industries have produced a number of new antibiotics, resistance to these drugs by microorganisms has increased. In general, bacteria has the genetic ability to transmit and acquire resistance to synthetic drugs that are utilized as therapeutic agents.[14]
Therefore, actions must be taken to reduce this problem, such as to minimize the use of antibiotics and to continue studies to develop new drugs, either synthetic or natural to control pathogenic microorganism. In an effort to expand the spectrum of antibacterial agents from natural resources, Aragvadha (Cassia fistula) belongs to Caesalpiniaceae, which is subfamily of Leguminosae[15–18] has been attempted in this study.
Cassia fistula Linn. a semiwild Indian Labernum also known as the Golden Shower, is distributed in various countries including Asia, Mauritius, South Africa, Mexico, China,West Indies, East Africa, and Brazil as an ornamental tree for its beautiful branches of yellow flowers. Recognize by the British pharmacopoeia.[19] It is widely used for its medicinal properties, its main property being that of a mild laxative suitable for children and pregnant women. It is also a purgative due to the wax aloin and a tonic.[20] It has been reported to treat many other intestinal disorders like healing ulcers.[21,22] The plant has a high therapeutic value and it exerts an antipyretic and analgesic effect.[23]
In the Indian literature, this plant has been described to be useful against skin diseases, liver troubles, tuberculous glands and its use in the treatment of haematemesis, pruritus, leucoderma, and diabetes has been suggested.[24,25] C. fistula extract is used as an antiperiodic agent and in the treatment of rheumatism. It has been concluded that plant parts could be used as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia partially due to their fiber and mucilage content.[26] Beside its pharmacological uses, the plant extract is also recommended as a pest and disease control agents in India.[27–29] This plant is widely used by tribal people to treat various ailments including ringworm and other fungal skin infections.[30] It is used by Malaialis tribe in India to treat nasal infection.[31] The pulp of the ripen fruits has mild, pleasant purgative action and is also used as an antifungal drug.[32] The whole plant is used to treat diarrhea; fruits are used to treat skin diseases, fever, abdominal pain, leprosy by traditional people. C. fistula plant organs are known to be an important source of secondary metabolites, notably phenolic compounds.[33] C. fistula possesses pharmacological activities such as hypoglycemic, anticancer, abortifacient, anticolic, antifertility, estrogenic, laxative, antibacterial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, smooth muscle stimulant, antiarthritic, antitussive, purgative, analgesic, antifungal, antiviral, hepatoprotective, anti-implantation.[34,35]
C. fistula exhibited significant antimicrobial activity and showed properties that support folklore use in the treatment of some diseases as broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents.[36] Thus C. fistula is well anchored in its traditional uses and has now found widespread acceptance across the world.
The current investigation carried out a screening of hydro alcoholic and chloroform extracts of C. fistula against pathogenic bacteria and fungi in order to detect new sources of antimicrobial agents. Chloroform extracts were obtained after successive separation from hydro alcoholic extracts which were used for further isolation study. So, the microbial activity of this pure chloroform extracts also needed to check the better results against bacterial and fungal strains. This paper reports the results of the antibacterial and antifungal activity of hydro alcohol and chloroform extracts of fruit pulp.
The fresh and healthy pods of plants C. fistula were collected in June–Aug 2009 from various areas of Jamnagar district, Gujarat, India. Fruit pulp of plant has been collected according to the Ayurvedic classical references.[19,34,37,38] The plant specimens were identified in the Pharmacognosy Laboratory of I.P.G.T and R.A., Jamnagar. Plant parts were collected on the basis of the information provided in the ethnobotanical Survey of India. Each specimen/plant material was labeled, numbered, annoted, with the date of collection, locality, and their medicinal uses were recorded.
The extraction of the C. fistula fruit pulp was carried out using known standard procedures.[39] The fresh pulp of C. fistula pod (25.0 g) was extracted with 900 ml of diluted methanol, filtered and evaporated to dryness on a hot water bath to yield a hydro alcoholic crude extract (9.7 g). In addition, further with chloroform in a Soxhlet apparatus, where chloroform is a hydrolysate extract and used for further isolation purpose. The extraction was continued until the extraction was exhausted. The extracts were then combined, filtered, and evaporated to dryness.
Further, the crude hydro alcoholic and chloroform extracts were cooled and filtered. The concentrated hydro alcoholic and chloroform extracts were further subjected for its antimicrobial studies. The residence was dissolved with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with different concentrations and checked it for the antimicrobial activity.
The extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical testing to detect the presence of different chemical groups of compounds. Air-dried and powdered plant materials were screened for the presence of saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, glycosides, anthraquinones, cumarin, saponins, gum, mucilage, carbohydrates, reducing sugars, starch, protein, and amino acids.[37,40–43]
The following microorganisms: S. aureus (MTCC 96), S. pyogenes (MTCC 442), E. coli (MTCC 443), P. aeruginosa (MTCC 424) and fungal strains A. niger (MTCC 282), A. clavatus (MTCC 1323), C. albicians (MTCC 227) were chosen based on their clinical and pharmacological importance.[44] The bacterial strains obtained from Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh were used for evaluating the antimicrobial activity. The bacterial and fungal stock cultures were incubated for 24 h at 37°C on Nutrient Agar and Potato Dextrose Agar medium (Microcare lab., Surat, India) following refrigeration storage at 4°C. The bacterial strains were grown in Mueller–Hinton agar (MHA) plates at 37°C(the bacteria were grown in the nutrient broth at 37°C and maintained on nutrient agar slants at 4°C) whereas the yeasts and molds were grown in sabourauddextrose agar (SDA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA) media, respectively, at 28°C. The stock cultures were maintained at 4°C.
In vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity were examined for hydro alcoholic and chloroform extracts. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of plant extracts against four pathogenic bacteria (two gram positive and two gram negative) and three pathogenic fungi were investigated by the agar disk diffusion method.[45–47] Antimicrobial activity testing was carried out by using the Agar cup method. Each purified extracts were dissolved in DMSO, sterilized by filtration using sintered glass filter and stored at 4°C. For the determination of zone of inhibition (ZOI), two gram positive, two gram negative and three fungal strains were taken as a standard antibiotic for comparison of the results. All the extracts were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against the E. coil, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, S. pyogenes, and the fungi C. albicans, A. niger, and A. clavatus. The sets of five dilutions (5, 25, 50, 100, and 250 μg/mL) of C. fistula extract and standard drugs were prepared in double distilled water using nutrient agar tubes. Muller Hinton sterile agar plates were seeded with indicator bacterial strains (108 cfu) and allowed to stay at 37°C for 3 h. The zones of growth inhibition around the disks were measured after 18 to 24 h of in incubation at 37°C for bacteria and 48 to 96 h for fungi at 28°C, respectively. The sensitivity of the microorganism species to the plant extracts were determined by measuring the sizes of inhibitory zones (including the diameter of disk) on the agar surface around the disks, and values <8 mm were considered as not active against microorganisms.
It was found that hydro alcoholic extracts of C. fistula fruit pulp contained tannins, flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, steroids, glycosides, anthraquinones, gum and mucilage, reducing sugars, carbohydrates, protein and amino acids, andchloroform extracts contained glycosides, phenolic compounds, tannins, and anthraquinones-type compounds in higher amount [Table 1].
The antimicrobial activity of both the extracts of C. fistula were studied in different concentrations (5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml) against four pathogenic bacterial strains two Gram positive (S. aureus MTCC 96, S. pyogenes MTCC 442), two Gram negative (E. coli MTCC 443, P. aeruginosa MTCC 424) and three fungal strains(A. niger MTCC 282, A. clavatus MTCC 1323, C. albicians MTCC 227).
Antibacterial and antifungal potential of extracts were assessed in terms of zone of inhibition of bacterial growth. The results of the antibacterial activities are presented in Tables Tables22–5.
The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the extracts increased linearly with increase in concentration of extracts (μg/ml). As compared to standard drugs, the results revealed that in both the extracts for the bacterial activity, S. pyogenes were more sensitive as compared to S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa, and for fungal activity C. albicans shows good result as compare to A. niger and A. clavatus. The growth inhibition zone measured ranged from 10–20 mm for all the sensitive bacteria, and ranged from 12–21 mm for fungal strains [Figure [Figure11–5].
The results show that both the extracts of C. fistula were found to be more effective against all the microbes tested.
Antimicrobial properties of medicinal plants are being increasingly reported from different parts of the world. The World Health Organization estimates that plant extract or their active constituents are used as folk medicine in traditional therapies of 80% of the words population. In this work, both the extracts obtained from C. fistula fruit pulp shows strong activity against most of the tested bacteria and fungal strains. The results were compared with standard antibiotic drugs. In this screening work, no extracts of C. fistula were found to be inactive against any organism, such as Gram positive, Gram negative and fungal strains were resistant to all the extracts of C. fistula.
This study shows the presence of different phytochemicals with the biological activity that can be of the valuable therapeutic index. The result of phytochemicals in the present investigation showed that the plant contains more or less same components such as saponin, triterpenoids, steroids, glycosides, anthraquinone, flavonoids, gum, mucilage, proteins and aminoacids. From the above results, the activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of C. fistula shows significant antibacterial and antifungal activity. The chloroform extracts, whose purity level is good as compared to hydroalcoholic extract and porosity is lower than hydroalcoholic extract, found to be more active against fungal strains. Results shows that this plant is rich in tannin and phenolic compounds have been shown to possess antimicrobial activities against a number of microorganisms.
Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem. Emergence of multidrug resistance has limited the therapeutic options. Hence, monitoring resistance is of paramount importance. Hence,this study was aimed to focus the antimicrobial properties of C. fistula on gram positive, gram negative, and fungal organisms. In the current investigations, the hydroalcoholic and chloroform extracts of C. fistula were found to be active on some isolated microorganism and fungi as compared to standard drugs. This study has justified the traditional use of fruit pulp in infectious conditions. However, before use in human being isolation of pure compound, toxicological study, and pharmacological activity should be carried out thereafter. However, further studies are needed to better evaluate the potential effectiveness of the crude extracts as the antimicrobial agents.
The Authors are thankful to the Director, I.P.G.T. and R.A., Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India for invaluable support and for providing of research facilities. We are also thankful to the Mycrocare laboratory, Surat, Gujarat, India for helping and providing necessary facilities for this research work.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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Talk show host Conan will be bringing his TV show to SDCC 2015. Not only that, Conan will also be Popified by Funko's popular line Pop! figures.
Talk show host Conan will be bringing his TV show to SDCC 2015. Not only that, Conan will also be Popified by Funko's popular line Pop! figures.
Soft drink company Coca-Cola marks the 100 years the Coca-Cola glass bottle with an artistic celebration. Over 130 artists, designers and illustrators from around the world took part. to take part. Coca-Cola has collected over 250-pieces and will do a traveling art tour, The Coca-Cola Bottle Art Tour: Inspiring Pop Culture for 100 Years.
I've been digging this track for about a week now by the one-person band Kawehi. This is "Anthem" the new single from her EP Robot Heart.
These past couple of years toy company Funko has been knocking it out of the ballpark with their Pop! vinyl toy figures. These super cute figures are from the Disney Pop! line featuring 4 characters from the Pixar animated film Finding Nemo: Nemo, Dory, Crush and Bruce. It's just too bad that these Finding Nemo Pop! figures won't be able to drop this Christmas season! These Pop! vinyl collectibles will be available next year January 14th, 2013.
For more info, go to: Funko.com.
If you remember growing up the 80's, a certain Richard Donner film has a special place in every kid's heart – The Goonies! A group of nerdy kids on the hunt for long lost pirate treasures to save their neighborhood and I remember jamming to Cyndi Lauper's "The Goonies 'R' Good Enough" whenever it was on the radio. Now Funko's popular Pop! Movie series features The Goonies.
Our Kpop pick of the week is from a boy band and girl band collaboration. The single "Girls, Why?" features Kpop group VIXX and indie duo group OKDAL.
For more details on VIXX, go to: VIXX.
Big Bang Theory fans will want to get their hands on these cute little 2.5″ figures from Funko's Mystery Mini lineup. You can buy the single blind boxes or a full box of 24 packs. And of course, there will be various variant figures and chase figures.
Wow, I haven't seen a good Music Video since the early 90s when MTV was actually playing music videos. Check out this stylish cinematic video from UK folk/soul singer Lianne La Havas with this soulful jazz infused song – Gone.
I've always enjoyed the Pop! vinyl figures and have several of these figures. This might be the cutest villian figure ever? LoL. This is The Dark Knight Rises: Bane Pop! figure.
Buy it @ DC Comics – Bane Pop! figure.
Most of the custom figures are robots or aliens, so if you are looking for fun and bright, check out Caramelaw. These candy inspired custom toys are designed by Singapore's Sheena Aw. This is her side job!!! Sheena's regular gig is a 9-5 motion graphic designer.
Are you looking for a different type of sound?

subset: commoncrawl


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Memories From The Mist
RE: Zenas and Betsy Hall
Pleasure was all mine...take care...
Added by
Memories From The Mist
on Aug 13, 2015 10:41 AM
Joey Rickabaugh
RE: Conner Collins
You are so welcome!! I just wish I would've had the time to get all the requests taken for that cemetery. We were on our way thru and just had a few minutes. Glad to be of help!!
:) Joey
Added by
Joey Rickabaugh
on Jul 28, 2015 10:22 PM
RE: Andrew Hansen Thurston
Hi Andrea. Found no stones for Ole, Ada, Arthur Bolstad. I'll check again as I go there often. I might run across them when looking for someone else. Too bad there wasn't a plot listed.
Added by
on May 16, 2015 1:28 PM
Janice Morris
RE: Peter Morris
My husband and I am retired now and are in the process of applying for permission to work on the cemetery above Dutch Run Rd. We would love to have others work with us to reset headstones, cut small trees, repair the wrought iron fence, and place a marker and/or headstone for:
Robert Morris Patriot Rev. War
my 5th great grandfather
Birth 8 Mar 1736 in Shrewsbury, Monmouth, New Jersey, USA
Death 16 Nov 1829 in , Greene, Pennsylvania, USA
We know he is buried on the farm, "Liberty Hall" but do not know where. If you know where he is buried on the farm, let me know.
See FindaGrave site to see the list of those interned in the Morris Cemetery. I obtained this list when I visited the Cornerstone Genealogical Center in Waynesburg about 20 years ago. We also found the cemetery and one of 11 houses built by Peter and Elijah located down the hill and across the road. The games keeper for the game lands lived in the house then. It has since been torn down according to:
Stephen A. Leiendecker
Land Management Group Supervisor
Fayette and Greene Counties
PA Game Commission
If you send me your email address, I will send you tons of information that I have on the Morris family (I am descended from Elijah Morris, David Morris, Harry Morris, Ernest Morris, and Harry Ernest Morris who was my dad, all born in or around Morrisville or Waynesburg, Greene Co. PA)
Sincerely, Janice Lynn Morris Clancy
Added by
Janice Morris
on May 14, 2015 8:18 AM
RE: Anna Wirick
Hi Andrea,
Anna shows up in the book Stones and Sites of Cedar county, Iowa 1836-1986 on page 198 and it records no birth or death dates for her along with Frank Wirick. There is no stone visible for either of them today or back in 2010 when I created the memorials.
Added by
on Apr 15, 2015 1:38 PM
Brian J. Ensley
RE: Mary Growden Trout
No problem- glad I could help!
Added by
Brian J. Ensley
on Apr 15, 2015 4:35 AM
Susan Roach
Jane Shaver and Elizabeth Ann Smith
It was a beautiful day yesterday to be out and that makes it much nicer to search cemeteries. I walked the entire cemetery and took a picture and made notes for every tombstone that I could decipher anything. Several (about 20) large gravestones were lying on their face. A few smaller ones were made of the stone that tends to flake and the faces were obliterated. Elizabeth Smith's stone was the first I photographed. There was no stone on the North side of her stone and the next stone south was split in half facing up on another fallen stone. I did a pencil tracing of the face up stone and came up with Marie Lewis. Martin's would seem to be the fallen stone under Marie's stone. You may wish to recheck the cemetery now, because I added almost 30 names and a few of them were Smith's.
Added by
Susan Roach
on Apr 13, 2015 3:32 PM
Donna Roberts
RE: Hannah Wood Eagon
William Wood (1736-1806) married Margaret Mitchell. Their Daughter Hannah married Barnet Eagon. William's sister Hannah (1743-) married Kent Mitchell (wm's wife's brother)
Added by
Donna Roberts
on Feb 03, 2015 4:13 PM
Cindy K
RE: George Barratt
Very Welcome!
Added by
Cindy K
on Nov 06, 2014 7:27 AM
Cindy K
RE: George Barratt
My findings came directly from the cemetery records. This is the exact spot that he is buried.
Added by
Cindy K
on Nov 05, 2014 7:46 AM
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I'm trying to loop through the most recent "Articles" - say, 10 most recently posted within last 30 days.
Should I be creating a method in my article model something like follows:
def recent
self.where('created_at > ?', Time.now-30.days.ago)
And then calling it in my views?
@articles.each do |article|
link_to article.title, Article.recent
This of course, does not work.
If this has been answered (maybe I was using wrong search terms - new to stackoverflow), direction is appreciated!


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Originally posted on Fox Sports Southwest | Last updated 11/10/12
STILLWATER, Okla. (AP) --Clint Chelf threw for 292 yards and four touchdowns in his first career start, and Josh Stewart had a career-high 172 receiving yards and scored three TDs as Oklahoma State handed West Virginia its fourth straight loss, 55-44 Saturday. Chelf, a fourth-year junior, became the third starter at quarterback for the Cowboys (6-3, 4-2 Big 12) this season. Wes Lunt sat out after suffering an apparent concussion last week against Kansas State, and his backup, J.W. Walsh, is out with a season-ending knee injury. Geno Smith was 36 of 54 for 364 yards and two touchdowns for the Mountaineers (5-4, 2-4), who gave up more than at least 55 points for the second time in two weeks. Stedman Bailey caught 14 of Smith's passes for 225 yards and a score. Stewart had 13 catches, including touchdowns of 21 and 20 yards. He also scored on a 46-yard run. The game marked the return of West Virginia coach Dana Holgorsen, who was the Cowboys' offensive coordinator before taking the...
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$7.99Economies have collapsed, freedom has been suppressed, and peace is a distant memory. The world is falling apart. Joshua Jordan's protégé Ethan March, along with Jimmy Louder and Rivka Reuban, have been left behind in a world that is rapidly coming under the complete influence of the Antichrist. Technology is growing by leaps and bounds with BID-Tag i...
Edge of Apocalypse, Thunder of Heaven, Brink of Chaos, Mark of EvilThe End Series from Tim LaHaye and Craig Parshall—now available in one volume. Edge of Apocalypse In this adrenaline-fueled political thriller laced with End Times prophecy, Joshua Jordan, former U.S. spy-plane hero turned weapons designer, creates the world's most sophist...
Assignment: Jerusalem, Target: AntichristThe members of the Tribulation Force face their most dangerous challenges. As international fugitives, they struggle to find supplies for safe houses around the world. In despair over so many lost lives, Rayford Steele and Buck Williams make plans to dethrone Nicolae Carpathia and expose him as the Antichrist. Meanwhile, Carpathia has been busy rebuilding roads, airports, and a cellular/solar
$3.99Joshua Jordan, former U.S. spy-plane hero now turned weapons designer has come up with a devastatingly effective new missile defense system – the Return to Sender laser weapon. But global forces are mounting against America, and corrupt White House and Capitol Hill leaders are willing to do anything to stop the nation's impending economic catastrophe – including selling-out Joshua and his weapon.
$7.99In the third book of The End series, Joshua Jordan remains in Israel during his self-imposed "exile" out of the reach of U.S. authorities who have trumped-up false criminal treason charges against him. His wife, Abigail, continues to lead the Roundtable to prove the innocence of her husband. Following the nuclear attack by Russia, Israel is cleaning up the bodies of dead enemy soldiers for 7
$47.99All 12 books in the New York Times bestselling series! Over 63 million copies sold!Are you ready for the moment of truth?Mass disappearancesPolitical crisisEconomic crisisWorldwide epidemicsEnvironmental catastropheMilitary apocalypseAnd that's just the beginning . . .of the end of the world."This is the most successful Christian-fiction series ever."—Publishers Weekly"T...
$5.99The End Series by New York Times bestselling author Tim LaHaye and Craig Parshall is an epic thrill ride ripped from today's headlines and filtered through Scriptural prophecy. As world events begin setting the stage for the "end of days" foretold in Revelation, Joshua Jordan must weigh the personal price he must pay to save the nation he loves. This eBook will appeal to the tens of millions of
$11.99Thousands of years of human history stained by strife, death, and sin come to an end when the King of Glory returns to earth. The satisfying conclusion of the seven years of tribulation covered by the Left Behind series portrays the return of Jesus Christ to earth in both glory and judgment at the height of the battle between the forces of evil gathered at Armageddon and the remaining Christian
$6.99The Biblical Foundation for the Best-selling Left Behind Series . . . In the twinkling of an eye, millions of people across the world vanish, resulting in highway catastrophes, plane crashes, utility breakdowns, and more. Chaos reigns. With the stage set, a dictator emerges who persecutes Christians horribly. But tribulation is about to give way to incredible joy -- for the return of the King of
$11.99The scattered Tribulation Force is drawn toward the Middle East, as are all the armies of the world, when human history culminates in the battle of the ages. During the last year of the Great Tribulation, safe houses are no longer safe and the world has become a powder keg of danger. Except for those already in Petra, everyone has been forced to relocate as the Antichrist ratchets up the pressure
In the Twinkling of an Eye / Countdown to the Earth's Last DaysIn the moments leading up to the Rapture, nobody knows it is coming as the clock silently ticks down. Choices are made. The stage is set as Nicolae Carpathia ruthlessly eliminates any obstacles in his rise to power. In the twinkling of an eye, loved ones disappear without a good-bye. Heaven rejoices as millions are welcomed into the unspeakable presence of God. The darkest days may lie ahead for
A Novel of the Earth's Last DaysAn airborne Boeing 747 is headed to London when, without any warning, passengers mysteriously disappear from their seats. Terror and chaos slowly spread not only through the plane but also worldwide as unusual events continue to unfold. For those who have been left behind, the apocalypse has just begun. A repackage of the New York Times best-selling novel Left Behind.Now a major motion picture


text:
Cashew Chicken Balls
Total Time
2hrs 5mins
Prep 5 mins
Cook 2 hrs
I've discovered this recipe in an old cookbook from a Theater in Charlotte, NC.
Make and share this Cashew Chicken Balls recipe from Food.com.
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1⁄2 cup cooked chicken, diced
- 1⁄2 cup onion, chopped
- 1⁄2 cup sharp cheddar cheese, grated
- 1 teaspoon salt
- 1⁄4 teaspoon pepper
- 2 tablespoons dry sherry
- 1⁄2 cup cashews, chopped
- Combine all ingredients except the nuts, in a large bowl.
- Use a teaspoon to scoop out amounts to form balls.
- Roll in chopped nuts, then chill, 2 or more hours.


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Travel Blogs from Haro
Royal Madrid and Wine Time
... we had organised to pick up our car. We got given a new Seat Ibiza. It was very spacious, great air con and so nice to have our own space. Our destination was Haro, but first we had to track dos some white clothing for the festival. We went to near by shopping mall, but was probably an outlet store for boutique shops, not ideal when you're looking for cheap white clothing! Two hours later we were on the road again. Because ...
Sunny Spain at last
Saturday: In anticipation of getting a ferry to Spain I moved from Brighton to a caravan site 15 miles from the port. Then I heard the ferry was cancelled but luckily I was immediately transferred to another ferry due to leave at 1.00am on Tuesday morning. So a bit more pottering about for two days was called for as I killed time before Tuesday arrived. I had to rebook all my campsites as I was now two days behind schedule but that was easy. I washed the salt off the outside ...
#3 Experiencing La Rioja
Haro is the centre of the wine district of La Rioja and has been our base for exploring the area. There are some 60,000 vineyards,and wineries (bodegas) literally everywhere. Of course we have visited a few!
The bodegas are imposing structures in the picturesque landscape rising out of the fields. Structures of concrete, glass or metal making a statement; wealth, superiority or perhaps market share.
#2 From Madrid to Haro
Monday morning and we're off to visit the Royal Palace. Although the royal family choose not to live in the palace, it is still used for state receptions. The opulence of this palace is probably only rivalled by Versailles. It is beautiful with each room decorated in a different colour; silk covered walls, huge chandeliers in every room. The most striking room was the dining room ...
DAY 18 - Belorado to Villafranca Montes de Oca
... we focused on planning. First, Linda has only used her boots once and then got the beginning of two small blisters, which have now healed, after switching to her sandals... so, she decided she doesn't need her boots. She also projected she would not need a fleece shirt, an extra pair of pants or a silk sleeping bed liner to prevent bedbugs in marginal Albergues. So we packaged up about 5-6 lbs of her "stuff" and arranged to have ...


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President Obama welcomed home some of the last U.S. troops from Iraq on Wednesday, thanking them and their families for their years of sacrifice and service and pledging to help them transition to life after combat.
The visit to Fort Bragg, N.C., home to the 82nd Airborne Division and Special Forces command, was part of a week of events marking the end of the tumultuous nine-year war that toppled Saddam Hussein but also strained the U.S. military as civil war broke out and troops became targets for al Qaeda and other terrorist and insurgent operations.
"As your commander in chief, and on behalf of a grateful nation, I'm proud to finally say these two words, and I know your families agree: Welcome home!" Mr. Obama told a sea of servicemen and women in desert fatigues assembled inside an airplane hangar at Fort Bragg.
Mr. Obama said the troops are returning with their heads held high, but stopped short of declaring victory in Iraq, deeming the success in reducing violence in the country and winding down the conflict "an extraordinary achievement."
"It's harder to end a war than to begin one," he told roughly 3,000 soldiers, who cheered and responded to lines in the speech with cries of "Hooah!"
By the end of this week, about 5,500 troops will be left in Iraq, down from a high of 170,000 during the surge in 2007. Every one of them will have left by the end of this month.
Michelle Obama, speaking before her husband took the stage, expressed a special thanks to the families of those who have been deployed who "might not wear uniforms, but serve right alongside you."
Hinting of the implications of the troop withdrawal on Mr. Obama's re-election campaign, Mrs. Obama, also stressed that the president kept his promise "to responsibly bring you home from Iraq."
Before addressing the troops, the president and first lady visited with five servicemen and women who had recently returned home, and with the family of a soldier who was killed Nov. 14 when his convoy struck a roadside bomb.
"We hope he is the last casualty from the war," said one female soldier in the crowd who asked to remain anonymous.
The soldier said she wasn't sure whether the U.S. had accomplished what it set out to do in Iraq, but the time had come for the military to leave and let the Iraqis take over.
Leaving Iraq allows Mr. Obama to concentrate his attention on the country's economic concerns and on the task of winding down the war in Afghanistan.
But prominent critics, such as Sen. John McCain, the Arizona Republican who ran against Mr. Obama and lost in 2008, wanted some troops to remain in Iraq to help stabilize the country and establish it as a democratic U.S. ally in the Middle East. They said Mr. Obama was allowing domestic political concerns to dictate the end of the war, instead of the situation in Iraq.
Mr. McCain also accused Mr. Obama of a bit of hypocrisy by failing to acknowledge the success of the 2007 troop surge, which Mr. McCain supported during the presidential race and Mr. Obama ardently opposed.


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Band Notes: Eric Hutchinson
The Silver Spring native turned acclaimed singer-songwriter talks to Washingtonian before his sold-out 9:30 Club show this weekend.
How are you doing today?
Good. I was just singing some lyrics from Rent to myself.
Which song?
"Seasons of Love." A classic. My grandmother was a violin player, and one of my earliest memories is of watching her play in musicals. It was one of my first introductions to classic American songwriting.
When did you first perform at the 9:30 Club?
The first time was when I was an opening act for OneRepublic in 2007. Since then, I've headlined it once, and I'm headlining again this time. My favorite part is when you're loading in and you watch the place turn from just a room to the 9:30 Club as the crowd comes in.
What's it like to perform at a venue that means so much to you?
I've got to say, it's a little stressful. Because you have a lot of friends and family there. My first time, I just wanted it to be done so I could say, "OK, I've had my 9:30 Club moment and now I can move on with my life." But it's very cool.
When did you first know you wanted to be a musician?
I knew I liked music early, and I sang these made-up songs. I was eight when my teacher at Takoma Park Elementary said, "Well, it's nice that you're making these songs up—what you do after that is you write them down." So she actually wrote down the sheet music for it, which I still have, framed in my office. Then, in college, I made a recording and printed up a couple hundred copies. People would knock on my door and ask for the disk, like I was a drug dealer or something. I started to think, hey, maybe people actually want to hear me do this, and I started performing live more.
You were signed to Madonna's record label, Maverick, but it shut down before your debut album was released.
It was a good learning process. At the time, it was definitely difficult but I learned a lot, and really I came out knowing more than ever that I wanted to do music. If I didn't really want to be doing this, I couldn't have stuck through it when times got tough.
How long have you been working on your new album, Moving Up, Living Down ?
I recorded it over two months, one in London and one in LA. I'd actually never been to London so it was a great way to first experience it, to actually live there.
Did you see any bands there?
I saw this guy named Paul McCartney … He was doing the Hard Rock Music Festival in Hyde Park. That was amazing, because I'm a huge Beatles fan. And the next day I saw Stevie Wonder, who's also a big influence, so that was pretty cool.
How would you describe the feeling of this new record?
I think it's about transition. I made my first record when I was living in the suburbs of Maryland, and then I moved to New York City, so this one is kind of about finding my place, going into adulthood. I traveled a lot during this album, so there were lots of hellos and goodbyes, lots of floating around.
What's next for you?
I'm excited to be touring at the same time that people are getting to know the [new album]. I've always felt like the songs have a certain personality when I write and record them, but then they take on a different personality when the fans get to know them and sing along.
Obviously New York is great and all, but do you ever miss suburban Maryland?
My parents still live there, so I get to come back pretty often. When I was growing up, downtown Silver Spring didn't exist in the way it does now—when I go there and stop by Whole Foods it's like Utopia, with everyone getting along. So it makes me happy to see the city getting bigger and better. I have a ton of DC and Maryland pride and I'm happy to call it home.
Eric Hutchinson plays the 9:30 Club this Saturday, May 5. Tickets are sold out.
An abbreviated version of this interview ran in the May 2012 issue of The Washingtonian.


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Fantastic Stories Presents: Science Fiction Super Pack #1The editors at www.fantasticstoriesoftheimagination.com present Fantasy and Science Fiction from the Present, Past, and Future. The Cold Calculations by Michael A. Burstein, They Twinkled like Jewels by Philip José Farmer, Lingua Franca by Carole McDonnell, Dawn of Flame by Stanley G. Weinbaum, Don't Jump by Jamie Wild, Youth by Isaac Asimov, Digger Don't Take No Requests by John Teehan, Lighter
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$0.99This volume in the Megapack series assembles classic Martian science fiction, including the first 5 volumes of Edgar Rice Burroughs' Barsoom saga (A Princess of Mars, The Gods of Mars, Warlord of Mars, Thuvia, Maid of Mars, and The Chessmen of Mars), plus six more Martian novels and storiesby other great writers. More than 1,300 pages of classic science fiction in all! Complete contents: A
$0.99Grimly Eric John Stark slogged toward that ancient Martian city—with every step he cursed the talisman of Ban Cruach that flamed in his blood-stained belt. Behind him screamed the hordes of Ciaran, hungering for that magic jewel—ahead lay the dread abode of the Ice Creatures—at his side stalked the whispering spectre of Ban Cruach, urging him on to a battle Stark knew he must lose! Leigh Douglass
$4.99An American author, particularly of science fiction. She was also a screenwriter, known for her work on such films as The Big Sleep (1945), Rio Bravo (1959), The Long Goodbye (1973) and The Empire Strikes Back (1980). Contents A World is Born (1941) The first ripples of blue fire touched Dio's men. Bolts of it fastened on gun-butts, and knuckles. Men screamed and fell. Jill cried out as he tore
Unabridged Start Publishing LLCMercury is a lush, hot world. Mel Grey and a group of pioneers and prisoners are working hard to make the planet habitable for mankind. But there are those who would have the world all for themselves. Romance and adventure await Mel Grey on this savage planet!
Classic Martian Stories, Vol. 2This volume contains the following twenty classic short stories with a primary Mars theme: 1. Plague Ship, by Andre Norton 2. arm of the law, by Henry Harrison 3. Black Amazon of Mars, by Leigh Brackett 4. Keep Out, by Fredric Brown 5. Earthmen Bearing Gifts, by Fredric Brown 6. The Planet Savers, by Marion Zimmer Bradley 7. Gulliver of Mars, by Edwin L. Arnold, Edison's Conquest of Mars,
$5.99What awaits us out in space?New star-drive engines promise to open up the galaxy to humankind. But the first ship to use the engines disappears and a sole survivor returns...alone and dying of some strange type of radiation.No one can figure out what has happened to the ship or the crew. Nor does anyone know what happens to a ship travelling using star-drive technology.Does some unknown horror


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|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|12 Oct 1982
|Fecha de presentación
|13 Abr 1979
|Fecha de prioridad
|9 Jun 1978
|También publicado como
|Número de publicación
|Julius Husslein, Johann Klement
|Cesionario original
|Bosch Siemens Hausgerate Gmbh
|Exportar cita
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citas de patentes (7), Citada por (31), Clasificaciones (14), Eventos legales (1)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
The invention relates to a twin or double baking oven unit and especially to a built-in baking oven unit having two baking ovens disposed one above the other and enclosed in a common housing, especially a combination baking oven unit, one of the ovens being a microwave oven, and switching, control and operating devices for both of the ovens being disposed in an upper space in the housing, as well as cooling-air channels formed with inlet and outlet openings provided within the housing.
In a heretofore known double baking oven (German Petty Patent DE-Gmb No. 70 27 952), two baking ovens heatable by conventional heating devices are mounted above one another in a housing common to both of the baking ovens. Above the upper baking oven, in this petty patent, a suction device is provided which sucks the rising heated air out of both baking ovens and discharges it to the outside. Due to the fact that heat produced during operation of these baking ovens can rise freely in the common housing, the danger exists of the formation of a hot spot or concentration in the upper region of the housing which can have a detrimental effect upon the functioning of switching and control devices also mounted in the upper region of the housing.
It has become known heretofore from German Published Prosecuted Application DE-AS No. 23 10 290 to provide in individual baking ovens, an air-guidance channel between the muffle of the baking oven and an outer housing, inlet openings for cooling air being provided at a lower region of the housing, and a blower being provided in an upper region of the housing which, at the delivery port thereof, communicates with a largely closed exhaust or blow-off channel leading to the outside. It has been found that such a cooling-air system is adequate for an individual baking oven but not, however, for a double baking oven unit with two baking ovens disposed one above the other wherein heat development of both baking ovens is additive or cumulative and result in a concentration of heat in the upper region of the housing, wherein electric and/or electronic switching and control devices are usually mounted, which has a detrimental effect upon the functioning thereof, especially of the electronic devices.
It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a double baking oven unit of the type initially mentioned hereinbefore which avoids intense heat development or concentration in the upper part of the housing, especially in view of the limited thermal loadability or stressability of electric or electronic components.
With the foregoing and other objects in view, there is provided, in accordance with the invention, in a double baking oven unit having two baking ovens disposed one above the other and enclosed in a common housing, one of the ovens being a microwave oven, and switching, control and operating devices for both of the ovens disposed in an upper space in the housing, cooling-air channels formed with inlet and outlet openings provided outside the two baking ovens, shielding plates thermally shielding the lower baking oven from the upper baking oven and from the cooling-air channels, the cooling-air inlet opening being located at a lower limit of the housing below the lower baking oven and below a shielding plate associated therewith, the cooling-air outlet opening as well as a blower being connected to an exhaust channel disposed above the upper baking oven.
In accordance with another feature of the invention, the cooling-air channels are located between the housing and the ovens.
In accordance with a further feature of the invention, the common housing is received with clearance within a space formed in a built-in furniture unit, and the cooling-air channels are located between the built-in furniture unit and the baking ovens.
In accordance with an added feature of the invention, the shielding plates are disposed both above and below the lower baking oven and are connected to lateral and rear shielding walls and at least partly define therewith the cooling-air channels.
In accordance with an additional feature of the invention, the common housing is received with clearance within a space formed in a built-in furniture unit and the shielding plates and lateral and rear shielding walls defining with the built-in furniture unit the cooling-air channels therebetween.
In accordance with yet another feature of the invention, the shielding plates and the lateral and rear shielding walls define with the common housing the cooling-air channels therebetween.
As a result of the special type of air guidance or conduction, together with the disposition of the inlet and outlet openings, the cooling air sucked in at the lower housing limit and widely passing around the lower baking oven can flow directly and with a relatively low temperature into the upper housing region and reliably prevent unbearable heating of any control and regulating devices located in this upper housing region. This is especially important when using electronic components for which an ambient temperature of about 70° C. ought not to be exceeded.
In accordance with yet a further feature of the invention, the cooling-air channels, at a location above the upper shielding plate, communicate with a ventilating chamber defined by and between the upper baking oven and the common housing. The cooling air flowing in to the underside of the appliance flows with relatively low temperature very intensively around the upper baking oven as well as the control and regulating devices disposed above this upper baking oven and is directly removed by means of the blower and exhaust channel.
In accordance with yet an added feature of the invention, the blower at the suction port thereof, is disposed in an upper part of the ventilating chamber, the blower having a delivery port communicating with the exhaust channel. In accordance with yet an additional feature of the invention, the double baking oven includes an exhaust air shaft terminating in the exhaust channel and communicating with a cooking chamber formed in the upper baking oven. The main air flow which is caused to flow by the blower exerts a suction action upon the exhaust or waste air produced from the cooking chamber which promotes the removal of this exhaust or waste air.
In accordance with another feature of the invention, the lateral and rear shielding walls in a lower portion of the common housing from part of a frame to which the lower baking oven is fastened, the frame having, in an upper portion thereof, slide rails whereupon the upper baking oven, especially the microwave oven, is slidable as a complete structural unit into and out of the frame, and including preferably adjustable securing means for locking the upper baking oven in position in the frame.
In accordance with a further feature of the invention, the frame is disposed with clearance within a built-in furniture unit so as to form the cooling-air channels at least in part between the lateral and rear shielding walls and inner surfaces of the build-in furniture unit.
In accordance with an added feature of the invention, a cover is provided to which the exhaust channel and the blower associated therewith are secured, the cover being mountable on the frame.
In an especially simple and economical manner, the possibility is thereby afforded of constructing the microwave oven fully independently and inserting it into the housing with a minimum of handles, exact alignment of the front surfaces of both of the baking ovens being attainable, particularly, due to the preferred adjustability of the securing means.
In accordance with an additional fearture of the invention, the upper baking oven is a microwave oven, and a microwave generator with a blower therefor is disposed in the upper space in the housing in addition to the blower connected to the exhaust channel, the blower associated with the microwave generator having a suction port disposed in direct vicinity of the cooling-air inlet opening of the housing. In this manner, this blower is prevented from sucking in heated air flowing around both baking ovens or ensures that this blower can draw the cooling air directly from the outside.
In accordance with another feature of the invention, the double baking oven unit includes a control panel for the upper baking oven disposed on the upper front side of the housing, and a horizontal ventilating strip located above the control panel, the ventilating strip being formed with the cooling-air channel outlet opening extending over two-thirds the length thereof for exhausting hot air from the channel, the cooling-air channel inlet opening extending over the remaining length of the ventilating strip, the suction port of the blower associated with the microwave generator being disposed behind the inlet opening. In accordance with a further feature of the invention, electrical and electronic components affectable by heat i.e. being either highly loaded thermally or heat-sensitive, are disposed in a cooling air flow path extending from the suction port of the blower associated with the microwave generator to cooling-air inlet apertures formed in at least one wall and preferably in the rear and lateral walls, of the housing. In this manner, the blower associated with the microwave generator is additionally employed for intensively cooling especially thermally loaded or stressed as well as especially sensitive components, the cooling of which by the general warm air current rising in the housing having not been so intensive.
In accordance with a concomitant feature of the invention, the housing has a pair of opposing walls formed with a multiplicity of the cooling-air inlet apertures, the suction port of the blower associated with the microwave generator and the electrical and electronic components affectable by heat being disposed eccentrically within a ventilating chamber located above the upper baking oven and in vicinity of one of the lateral walls of the housing, the cooling-air inlet apertures formed in the one lateral wall being greater in number than the inlet apertures formed in the lateral wall opposing the one lateral wall.
Other features which are considered as characterized for the invention are set forth in the appended claims.
Although the invention is illustrated and described herein as embodied in twin-baking oven, particularly built-in baking oven, it is nevetheless not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention and within the scope and range of equivalents of the claims.
The construction and method of operation of the invention, however, together with additional objects and advantages thereof will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the double baking oven according to the invention taken along the line II--II in FIG. 2;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the double baking oven open at the top thereof;
FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of FIG. 1 as seen from the left-hand side of the latter, the housing of the oven being omitted in the right-hand half thereof;
FIGS. 4 and 5 are two different perspective views of another embodiment of the double baking oven of FIGS. 1 to 3; and
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary exploded view of FIG. 5 partly broken away and diagrammatic.
Referring now to the drawing and, first, particularly to FIGS. 1 to 3 thereof, there is shown a double baking oven according to the invention which is installed in a built-in or modular furniture unit formed, for example, of wood panels including side panels 1 and 2, a cover panel 3 and a base panel 4 defining an installation or built-in space for the double baking oven. The built-in furniture unit is mounted on or disposed against a kitchen wall 5. The outer limits of the double baking oven received in the installation space of the built-in furniture unit are formed by opposing lateral walls 6 and 7, a rear wall 8, a lower shielding or protective base 9 as well as an upper cover 10 constituting a housing or frame for the double baking oven. Within this housing or frame there is installed a lower baking oven 11 having a front-sided spring-action door 12 with a front glass plate or panel 13 and a handle 14 as well as conventional heating elements such as a grill heating element 15, as well as upper and lower heaters, and an upper baking oven 16 located above the lower baking oven 11 and being in the form of a microwave oven having a cooking chamber 17 as well as a microwave generator, a microwave conductor or line and a microwave antenna such as a magnetron 18, for example, a conventional air-driven field-agitator 19 within a dielectric covering 20, a rotary table or plate 21 and the like and which is closable at the front side thereof likewise by a spring-action door 22 having a front glass plane 23 and a handle 14. The microwave-baking oven 16 has its own ventilating system with a blower 24, an air duct or channel 25 wherein the magnetron or cooling surfaces thereof are disposed, with injection or blow-in openings 26, outlet openings 27 formed in a rear muffle wall, as well as an L-shaped exhaust-air shaft 28 fastened to the rear muffle wall and having a rectangular cross section. Both baking ovens 11 and 16 are enclosed by thermal insulation layers 29 only one layer of which is shown in FIG. 1.
The lower baking oven 11 is fastened to the rear wall 8 as well as to the lateral walls 6 and 7 by means of baking-oven holders 30 fastened to the rear wall 8 and baking-tube carriers or supporting beams 31 fastened to the lateral walls 6 and 7. Baking tube carriers 31 likewise serve for fastening the microwave oven 16 to the lateral walls 6 and 7, as well as rear baking-oven holders 30 and horizontal slide rails 32 which are fastened to the holders 30 and carriers 31 on both sides of the microwave baking oven 16, the microwave baking oven 16 being slidable as a complete structural unit on the rails 32 into the upper built-in space of the housing or frame by means of bearing angles 33 and being lockable. In order to attain an exactly even alignement of the front glass sides 13 and 23 of both baking ovens 11 and 16, the bearing angles 33 are adjustably applied to the baking oven 16, for example, by a slot guide, and the bearing angles 33 are furthermore, in a similar manner adjustable and connectible to or opposite the slide rails 32 associated therewith, for example, by means of screws or bolts. In a housing space above the upper baking oven 16, electrical or electronic control, regulating and operating or manipulating devices belonging to both baking ovens 11 and 16 are disposed. At the underside of the cover 10 forming the upper limit of the double baking oven, an exhaust channel 35 open at only two opposing sides is fastened, one of the open sides thereof terminating in front-sided upwardly directed outlet openings 36, the exhaust side of a blower 37 likewise fastened to the cover 10 terminating in the other of the open sides of the exhaust channel 35. The exhaust channel 35 has a further opening 38 which, when the cover 10 is placed upon the completely armed housing, is aligned or in registry with the free end of the exhaust air shaft 28 of the microwave baking oven 16 and thus connected therewith.
The outer construction of the double baking oven is further formed of a front-sided, surrounding trim or molding 39 extending over the built-in furniture and formed of sectional or profile material having, at the lowermost transverse strip of molding 40, cooling-air inlet openings 41 and, at the uppermost transverse strip of molding, the hereinaforementioned outlet openings 36.
Directly beneath the lower baking oven 11 or the thermal insulation thereof, the closed shielding base 9 consisting, for example, of steel sheet or plate, and forming the lower limit of the double baking oven, is disposed, while directly above this baking oven 11, another such shielding base 42 is provided. The hereinaforedescribed outer housing i.e. the lateral and rear walls, are spaced such a distance from the inner surfaces of the built-in furniture unit that interconnecting cooling channels 43, 44 and 45 are formed around the housing, the channels 43, 44 and 45 being separated, and largely decoupled thermally, however, from the lower baking oven 11 due to the shielding bases and the rear and lateral walls. Only above the upper shielding base 42 are openings or cut-outs 46 provided in the rear wall 8 as well as in the lateral walls 6 and 7, affording access of the cooling air into the built-in space or ventilating chamber 48 for the upper baking oven 16. The cooling air sucked in through the inlet openings 41 thus enters the cooling channels 45, 44 and 43 and circulates around the lower baking oven 11, rises due to natural convection and due to suction of the blower 37, flows through the ventilating chamber 48 as well as the control and regulating devices 34 and forced by the suction side of the blower 37 into the exhaust or blow-off channel 35 and discharged therefrom into the surroundings. In this regard, due to the forced or positive flow, a suction action is exerted upon the exhaust air shaft 28 which promotes removal or discharge of the exhaust air coming from the cooking chamber of the baking oven 16.
The double baking oven embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 of the drawings is mounted in an otherwise non-illustrated built-in furniture unit constructed, for example, of wooden panels, including side wall panels, a cover panel and a base panel, defining a built-in space which is adapted to receive the double baking oven. The outer limit or external surfaces of the double baking oven accommodate within the built-in furniture unit are formed by a housing 101 made up of opposing side walls 102 and 103, a rear wall 104, a base 105 and a cover 106. Mounted in the housing or frame formed by the just-mentioned components are a lower baking oven 107 provided on the front side thereof with a hinged or spring-action door 108 including a front glass panel or window 109 and a handle 110. The lower oven 107 may also have conventional heating elements such as a grilling radiator or grill heating device as well as additional upper and lower heating elements. Also mounted in the housing or frame is an upper baking oven 111 in the form of a microwave oven which is likewise provided with a glass-windowed, hinged or spring-action door 112 having a handle 113. A shielding base or plate 114 is provided between the upper oven 111 and the lower oven 107, and another shielding base or plate 115 is provided beneath the lower oven 107, both of the shielding plates 114 and 115 separating the space containing the lower oven 107 from the remaining space in the housing so as to provide two separate duct systems. Extending between the lower shielding plate 115 and the housing base 105 is a horizontal cooling air shaft or duct 116 which communicates with cooling-air inlet openings or apertures 117 formed in a lower ventilating strip 118. The upper part of the housing and the upper oven 111 associated therewith are separately shown in FIG. 6 wherein, in the interest of clarity, a control panel 119 disposed on the front side of the housing and above the upper oven 111 and associated with both oven 107 and 111 is seen shifted upwardly. The upper edge of the control panel 119, which is provided with a timing clock 120 as well as controls 121, is bordered by a ventilating strip 122 provided with a hot-air outlet opening or aperture 123 which, in the embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 6, extends over two-thirds of the length of the strip, and which is further provided with a cooling air inlet opening or aperture 24 extending approximately over one-third the length of the strip. Connected to the hot-air opening 123, is a largely enclosed hot-air exhaust channel or duct 125 which communicates, at the end thereof remote from the ventilating strip 122, with the delivery port of a blower 126 adapted to produce a transverse air flow and with an exhaust air duct or shaft 127 which, in turn, communicates with the interior of the oven 111. Within the ventilating space, which is in the uppermost part of the housing and which has a lower boundary formed by the top of the upper oven 111 and an upper boundary formed by the housing cover 106, there is disposed a microwave generator generally identified by the reference numeral 128 and including a transformer 129. The microwave generator 128 and the transformer 129 are disposed in the flow path of a cooling air shaft or duct 130, one end of which communicates with the delivery port of a special second blower 131, and the other end of which is connected to the baking or cooking chamber of the upper oven 111. The blower 131 is disposed in such a manner that the suction port thereof lies directly behind the cooling-air inlet opening or aperture 124 of the ventilating strip 122 so that the blower 131 may directly draw the ambient air as cooling air from the outside of the unit as indicated by the associated arrows in FIG. 6. This cooling air current flows through air shaft or duct 130 and intensively cools the microwave generator 128. As also indicated by the associated arrows in FIG. 6, the warm or hot exhaust air escaping from the interior of the oven 111 is conducted through the exhaust air shaft or duct 127 to the exhaust shaft or duct 125 and is discharged or exhausted from the oven unit through the outlet opening or aperture 123, together with the hot air flowing around the two ovens 107 and 111 and entering the upper part of the housing under the action of natural convection and of the suction effect produced by the blower 126. In FIG. 6, it is shown that the suction part of the blower 131 is disposed in an eccentric position in the ventilating space in vicinity of the housing side wall 102, the same as for otherwise nonillustrated elements including electric or electronic components which are either subject to high thermal loads or particularly sensitive to heat. As compared to the side wall 103 of the housing, the side wall 102 opposing the same is formed with a considerably greater number of cooling-air inlet openings or apertures 132 which are provided in addition to the inlet apertures 133 formed in the lower parts of side walls 102 and 103, the openings or apertures 132 being disposed in vicinity of the upper edge of side wall 102. In this manner, there is produced between the suction port of the blower 131 and the inlet openings or apertures 132 thereof, a forced cooling air flow, generally indicated by arrows in FIG. 4, this air flow coming into contact with the hereinaforementioned components including the control elements, the transformer 29 and the like, without being intermixed to any major extent with the general warm or hot air flow. Similar inlet openings or apertures may be additionally provided in the rear wall 104 of the housing.
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|Maytag Corporation
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|6 Feb 2007
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|Clasificación de EE.UU.
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Owner name: BOSCH-SIEMENS HAUSGERATE GMBH, STUTTGART, GERMANY
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:HUSSLEIN, JULIUS;KLEMENT, JOHANN;REEL/FRAME:003938/0427
Effective date: 19810220


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Oasis Grill & RestaurantRead MoreOasis Grill and Restaurant in Lowell is a well-known fast food restaurant, offering a laid-back vibe with fabulous fast food. It's an ideal choice for visitors looking for excellent food. No specific attire is required, so feel free to dress casually and comfortably. For those keeping an eye on their diet, the menu does feature healthy items and it's been tabbed as a nice option for both families with children and large groups. If you need food provided for a local event, take advantage of its catering options. Or, if you just want to stop by for a beverage, the restaurant has a pretty broad selection at its bar. A good option for both lunch and dinner, Oasis Grill and Restaurant is a tasty choice when you're in the mood for Latin cuisine, and want to branch out from the usual Mexican fare. Visitors to the restaurant have access to a private lot nearby or can park on the street.910 Gorham StreetLowell, MA US
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text: getty images [ Recreational Fishing Closed at Olympic National Park By Associated Press August 11, 2015 FISHING-OLYMPIC NATIONAL PARK OLYMPIC NATIONAL PARK, Wash. (AP) — The National Park Service will close most rivers and streams in Olympic National Park to recreational fishing due to severe drought conditions... Read More|Comment Category: Lifestyle, Northwest News, Sports, wildlife Tags: closed fishing, drought, fishing, National Park Service, salmon, trout Send to a friend! Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr!


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Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess
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Product OverviewWhen an evil darkness enshrouds the land of Hyrule, a young farm boy named Link must awaken the hero - and the animal - within. When Link travels to the Twilight Realm, he transforms into a wolf and must scour the land with the help of a mysterious girl named Midna. In the Wii version of the game, The Legend of Zelda: The Twilight Princess delivers incredibly precise aiming control using the Wii remote. The Wii Remote and the Nunchuk controller are used for a variety of game activities, including fishing and special sword attacks. Players ride into battle against troops of foul creatures using an amazing horseback combat system, then take on massive bosses that must be seen to be believed.
Link, a young man raised as a wrangler in a rural village, is ordered by the mayor to attend the Hyrule Summit. He sets off, oblivious to the dark fate that has descended upon the kingdom. When he enters the Twilight Realm that has covered Hyrule, he transforms into a wolf and is captured. A mysterious figure named Midna helps him break free, and with the aid of her magic, they set off to free the land from the shadows.
Link must explore the vast land of Hyrule and uncover the mystery behind its plunge into darkness. As he does, he'll have to enlist the aid of friendly folk, solve puzzles and battle his way through dangerous dungeons. In the Twilight Realm, he'll have to use his wolf abilities and Midna's magic to bring light to the land.
Besides his trusty sword and shield, Link will use his bow and arrows, fight while on horseback and use a wealth of other items, both new and old.
|Mfg Part#
|Game Informer
|As monumental as each entry has been, nothing, and I repeat, nothing can prepare you for the adventure that unfolds in Twilight Princess. The debate that has waged for decades over which Zelda game should stand as the series' best will at long last come to a satisfying conclusion, as this is unquestionably the greatest Zelda yet.
|When Link travels to the darkened land of Hyrule, he transforms into a wolf and must scour the land with the help of a mysterious being named Midna.
|Ride into battle against troops of foul creatures, using an incredible horseback combat system, then take on massive bosses that must be seen to be believed.
|Many puzzles stand between Link and the fulfillment of his quest, so players must sharpen their wits as they hunt for weapons and items.
|Characters include Link, Zelda, Midna and many others, both new and old.
Tech Specs
|Product Type
|Manufacturer Part Number
|Manufacturer Website Address
|Nintendo Co., Ltd
|Product Name
|Legend of Zelda Twilight Princess
|Brand Name
|License Pricing
|License Type
|Complete Product
|License Quantity
|1 User
|Additional Information
|Players: 1 player
|Platform Support
|Many puzzles stand between Link and the fulfillment of his quest, so players must sharpen their wits as they hunt for weapons and items. Thrilling Adventure: Players ride into battle against troops of foul creatures, then take on massive bosses that must be seen to be believed.
|Package Type
|Software Name
|Legend of Zelda Twilight Princess
|Software Sub Type
|Action/Adventure Game
|Upgrade Information
|Not Applicable
|Software Main Type
|ESRB Rating
|T (Teen 13+)
Product Attributes
|ESRB Rating
|T (Teen 13+)
|Game Format
|Nintendo Wii
|Game Genre
|Role Playing Games / Action / Adventure
|Bart Robson, Thunderbolt
|...an epic of the highest caliber...
|Conor Smyth, N-Europe
|...will leave the masses breathless...
|Vaughn Smith, Cheat Code Central
|...captures the heart and soul of what a Zelda adventure is known for...
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This paper encompasses the analyses of sea level data measured at four tide gauges situated in the city of Split, Croatia. Two old long-term stations comprise float-type instruments in stilling wells, with analog recording on a chart, while two modern stations were installed in 1999 and 2000, calculating sea level height from the measured sea and air pressure. Although analog recording devices with a drum may suffer from inaccuracy in timing and drum rotation speed, clock errors, and vertical pencil position, the largest errors in the data came from the digitizing process, which is subjected to the individual work of a technician. Although, the data collected with pressure systems are supposed to be more homogeneous and accurate, after several years of work, the sensors usually have a drift in time. This problem turned out to be accompanied with lower quality sensors being part of wider automatic measuring systems, whereas the station which has been specially designed for sea level measurements showed no drifts in four years of operating. Therefore, one should be careful in choosing measuring equipment between various manufacturers. In addition, the equipment should be regularly checked since the malfunction in global positioning system (GPS) clock resulted in time drift of sea level data of more than an hour.
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