text:
Like Jeff said, still seems like the same old Destiny for the most part but at least they are actually attempting to tell a story that has actual interesting characters unlike the main game so I guess that's a plus but definitely not worth the price point. Pass.
gogosox82's comments
LOL Total Divas isn't the best show WWE has. Not even close. NXT is by far their best show. Hell, I don't think Total Divas is better than Raw when you consider than its basically destroying the Divas Division.
I know this game is in alpha but damn this game looks terrible. There's nothing about this game that looks remotely interesting.
Wow this game looks so different from when I played it about a year ago. I remember it being a bunch of long corridors and hallways and there was no ship. I think I might check this out again since it never clicked with me the first time.
And it begins.
Looks like a regular hive knight. Think I'll pass.
Nice review Rorie! And I agree about the AI being dumbed down a bit. There was so much customization in the AI behavior in the previous games and now its just what three spells you want them to use or how many potions you want them to consume. Its pretty disappointing. Also found playing this with m and k/b to be a pain in the tactical view. Seems like it was designed for a controller in mind so I've been playing with a controller which sucks b/c I planned on playing with m and k/b. I'm also slightly disappointed in the auto leveling. The game just levels your attributes for you. Why are they taking out the best part of an rpg besides the story? And they have respec potions so why not let the player chose how they want to build their character? I still think its pretty good so far but man if those things didn't disappoint me so I'm glad you pointed them out some of them.
Great review. And I agree they really need to do something with the way the game is structured. I felt like Black Flag was a step in the right direction. This feels ..."off" for a number of reasons. I do wonder how you would have liked it if it didn't have so many technical issues to deal with but I guess its hard to know that. Ubi should've waited instead of rushing this out. If this came out in say March, I bet this game reviews a ton better.
Not surprising. Saw a live stream on twitch and it looked terrible. Shame since the game looks like a lot of fun.
Wow, kind of hard to figure out where to start with this one. Let's start with "I'm an Xbox fanboy". Well, you just undercut your entire argument by stating that you having an irrational admiration for the company your about to defend and I now have to take everything you say with a grain of salt because you will more than likely deliberately paint a scenario that makes MS look better than they actually are (some people call that lying, but I'm trying to be nice and give you the benefit of the doubt).
"Some people still have flies stuck to their faces in third world countries." This line right here is kind of crazy if you think about it. How does this justify them putting this kind of a system out? People in developing nations are poor so it totally makes sense to design a console that they won't ever be able to use? How does that make any sense if your trying to run a profitable business? How is it good business sense to limit how many potential customers you could possibly have?
"Imagine a world where someone goes to buy one console and one specific game for their child. They walk into a store and see two consoles (PS4 and Xbox). The game they want is Star Wars Battlefront (for example). Now, they see it's available for Xbox One because there is disc on the shelf. They see that it isn't available for PS4 because there isn't a disc anywhere on the shelf. EA has since decided to stop printing discs for PS4. Why? Simple: Programmers don't want to optimize their games to function with spinning discs, and publishers are losing money left and right with trading and pirated games. It is a no-brainer to print games on Xbox One because it is safe, secure, and profitable. Not so much on PS4."
Huh? This is completely baffling. First, programming doesn't work that way. You program the game, then you decide how its going to be distributed. Deciding whether to print discs or not doesn't factor into how the game is coded. Second, if there was disced version for xbox then there's probably a disced version for the ps4 why? Because EA wants to make money. EA publishes on everything because they want to make MONEY period. If their is a significant install base on the ps4 (and there will be) it make no financial sense for then not to make discs for the ps4 since they would already be making discs anyway for Xb One. Third, publishers may be losing money from trade ins but they need to incentivise consumers to not trade it in, not create a system that takes away my right to do whatever I want with something I've already paid for. Forth, how would you even know if the XB One is safe, secure, or profitable at this point? It hasn't even come out yet. 360 servers have gone down before and we all remember the psn hack so for the life of me I cannot understand how anyone could think that any of these platforms are secure and nothing will happen to them. Nothing is completely secure and everytime you put your information online, you run the risk of someone stealing it.
"So, that person buys Xbox One and Star Wars Battlefront thinking that it is an exclusive, unknowing that it is, in fact, available on PS4 via download.
Microsoft is setting themselves up to win the digital future, and ironically, they will accomplish this feat through RETAIL. Sony may be chuckling now, but I believe Microsoft will have the last laugh. As they say, "It is not a sprint."
Sony fanboys can't trade games, if there aren't any [to trade]. And without the flexible DRM that Microsoft is inventing, they will be stuck with a hard drive full of games they can't trade or share. [Granted, Sony is zipped-lip on DRM talk.]"
You do realize that Sony has streaming and cloud technology as well right? They bought Gaikai and are going to use it with the ps4 so no they're not going to be left behind. They will have cloud services available just like Xbox will, they just aren't taking away our rights to implement these services like Xbox is trying to.


text:
Asterisk 11.0.0-beta1 Now Available!Report
The Asterisk Development Team is pleased to announce the first beta release of Asterisk 11.0.0. This release is available for immediate download at http://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/telephony/asterisk/releases
All interested users of Asterisk are encouraged to participate in the Asterisk 11 testing process. Please report any issues found to the issue tracker, https://issues.asterisk.org/jira. It is also very useful to see successful test reports. Please post those to the asterisk-dev mailing list. All Asterisk users are invited to participate in the #asterisk-testing channel on IRC to work together in testing the many parts of Asterisk.
Asterisk 11 is the next major release series of Asterisk. It…
Debian 7/Asterisk TLS Bug And OthersReport
Debian 7 is currently in the `freeze' status with 1.8.13 - that means Debian 7 is very likely to release 1.8.13 and be carrying it for the next 2-3 years (typical lifetime of a Debian release)
I run 1.8.8. TLS has a bug: it fails to receive BYE over the TLS connection from my Polycom phone.
I tried 1.8.13, the version in Debian 7, and found a more severe bug: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bugh3956 The TLS clients can't connect at all, this looks like a really bad regression from 1.8.8
I've looked at 1.8.(14, 15, 16-rc1) and their changelogs don't mention any fix.
Debian is very conservative…
ICall Service Any Good?Report
Hi everyone,
We are getting cotinueous error messages over the past few days from iCall:
-- Called iCall/01144xxxxxxxx -- Got SIP response 500 "Server internal failure" back from 188.8.131.52
Is this something everyone else is getting? They are very bad at support and I am not sure if it's their servers or my Asterisk server that is causing the issue.
Question On App_confbridgeReport
I have a profile in confbridge
and more...
Asterisk is reading it at startup. [1;30m == ^[[0mParsing '/etc/asterisk/confbridge.conf': ^[[1;30m =^[[0mFound ^[[1;30m ^[[0mapp_confbridge.so => (^[[0;33mConference Bridge Application^[[0m)
When I try to use it I get a warning about WARNING[20678] app_confbridge.c: Conference bridge profile MessageNetConfBridge does not exist
My dialplan looks like: exten => new_app_confbridge,1,ConfBridge(${agi_pa_meetme}, MessageNetConfBridge)
Not sure how its not picking it up?
What did I miss?
Asterisk And MeetmeReport
I just downloaded and compiled from source asterisk 10.7.0
after installing and running I tried to do a meetme, did not work. I looked in the apps/app_meetme* and there is only the C file, there is no .o seems like it did not compile.
Is that a new default behavior?
Looking for the trick to get it compiled?
DAHDI is installed my system and works fine.
I dont see anything meetme related in configure.
What did I miss?

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Enjoying the hustle and bustle of the 2013 Cannes Film Festival , Karolina Kurkova spent some down time on Roberto Cavalli's yacht with her son Tobin Jack Dury on Monday (May 20).
The former Victoria's Secret Angel wore a light denim jacket, cream sweater, white jeans, and white loafers as she disembarked with her energetic 3-year-old.
Enjoying some time away from the busy Cannes Film Festival, Karolina Kurkova was a guest aboard Roberto Cavalli's yacht on Sunday (May 19) in Cannes, France.
All dolled up in a sheer black pant and blouse ensemble with blue-and-white detail, the Czech supermodel got in some relaxation on the luxurious vessel.
Making the most of the gorgeous weather, Karolina Kurkova chilled out on Roberto Cavalli's yacht at the 66th Cannes Film Festival this afternoon (May 17).
The 29-year-old Czech model and her son Tobin looked to be having a blast as they took a break from all the pomp and circumstance of the Cannes scene, and simply enjoyed the gentle breeze and lulling waves.
Hobnobbing with the youngest member of the royal family, Karolina Kurkova attended the Sentebale Royal Salute Polo Cup at the Greenwich Polo Club in Connecticut on Wednesday (May 15).
The former Victoria's Secret Angel smiled brightly on the red carpet in a long-sleeved, knee-length white and blue patterned dress with white heels.
As mothers all over the United States get ready to celebrate their special day, celebrities took to Twitter to pay tribute to the special women in their lives on Sunday (May 12).
While most offered a simple and sweet "Happy Mothers Day," others expressed their thoughts on being parents themselves. Check out what the stars had to say below!
Sporting a unique piece herself, Karolina Kurkova attended the 2013 Costume Institute Gala for the "PUNK: Chaos to Couture" exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art on Monday (May 6).
The former Victoria's Secret Angel wore a single-sleeve short dress with both floral patterns and black and white stripes as she struck some sultry poses on the red carpet.
Flashing a big smile to shutterbugs, Karolina Kurkova exited Bubby's restaurant with her husband in Tribeca, New York on Friday (April 19).
The former Victoria's Secret Angel looked pretty in a black-and-white gun-patterned dress, black leather jacket, and matching boots as she stepped outside with hubby Archie Drury.
Stepping out in style for a meal, Karolina Kurkova sought out lunch in Midtown in New York City on Wednesday (April 17).
The former Victoria's Secret Angel looked chic in a classic little black dress with a leather jacket and ankle boots as she strutted her stuff on the streets of the Big Apple.


text:
I'm attracted to him mostly because of his loving personality, particularly his sense of humor. Both him and his friends tell me that he's never been with anyone as pretty as me but lately, I've been having my already low self esteem crushed more by him. It's not a question of lack of chemistry... Show More
Most Helpful Girl
I have a feeling that because (by what you wrote) you are technically out of his league he is trying to make you jealous so that he can feel how much you want him. By staring at girls while you are there with him he is trying to show you that even though he doesn't have the same level of attractiveness he is also with you by choice, that there are other options and he wants you to see that. Chances are he has more self-esteem issues than you do. Also, because it's long distance he's probably really lonely. And when a person misses another person too much it puts strain on them emotionally and they become sort of bitter towards their s/o. The reason he can't get it up could be that he feels you are not attracted to him in the same way he is attracted to you.
Sometimes in relationships where a person is significantly better looking than the other, these issues can arise. Insecurity gets the best of us sometimes.
Chances are his feelings for you have not, he is just insecure with his own self that he makes excuses for you to be jealous, thus showing how much interest you have in him.
Its a game. Even though it's easier said than done, I'd move on. You deserve better.
(Could be all wrong. This is just an opinion.)


text:
email: email@example.com
Tweets by @burgundybrixx
Current Artistic Projects:
Small Stage Artistic Associate (MovEnt)
2015-2016 Season
In residence at the
Shadbolt Centre for the Arts
Burnaby, BC
Kitty Nights Burlesque Cabaret
Artistic Producer and performer
Every Sunday Night at the
Biltmore Cabaret
Vancouver, BC
Classes and Workshops
Neo Burlesque and the Cabaret Arts
Vancouver, BC
(aka Kyrst Hogan)
is a professional singer, dancer, actress, comedienne and neo-burlesque artist. She practices these skills both individually and merged to create neo-cabaret performance art. She holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Theatre with a Minor in Dance. While located in New York City she performed for Radio City Productions, Norwegian Cruise Lines, Trump Casinos, and more. Regional theatre work includes both musical and dramatic work under both AEA and AGVA.
An accomplished creative designer, she constructs all her own costumes and props as well as writing original material for her various productions. In Vancouver she is a major mover and shaker in the cabaret and nightlife community as a producer and performer as well as a recognized part of the contemporary dance community. Burgundy is currently an Artistic Associate with Small Stage Canada with which she has the honour of appearing at the National Arts Centre of Canada in Ottawa.
Listed as one of the top 10 burlesque performers of Canada two years running, Burgundy was also awarded "Best Soloist" at the Boston Burlesque Expo of 2012. She was selected to compete for the title of "Reigning Queen Of Burlesque" in 2012, 2013 and 2014 by The Burlesque Hall of Fame in Las Vegas. She has also been featured as a headliner and instructor at numerous arts festivals and conventions. She is the artistic producer of Canada's most Popular & longest running Neo-Burlesque and Variety Cabaret, "Kitty Nights" (weekly since 2008) in Vancouver, BC.
press and media articles


text:
emissions standards Companies in USA
Universal LLC
based in Stoughton, WISCONSIN (USA)
Universal provides engineered acoustic, emission and filtration solutions for power generation, oil, gas, and industrial markets. Universal has particular expertise in air movement applications, diesel engines, and gas turbine engine systems. Even with an expansive solutions portfolio of standard products, Universal is recognized around the globe for its customized ...
Bohn Biofilter
based in Tucson, ARIZONA (USA)
Odor and Air Emissions Control. Soil biofilters- high efficiency, long filter life, and dependable operation. Performance guaruntees for 99% H2S removal and all nuisance odors. VOC biofilter.
Beltran Technologies, Inc.
based in Brooklyn, NEW YORK (USA)
Beltran Technologies is a leader in advanced gas cleaning and air pollution control for a broad spectrum of industrial processes and emissions requirements. Beltran`s wet and dry Electrostatic Precipitators represent the leading edge of gas cleaning air pollution control technology, superior in design for maximum effectiveness, efficiency, ease of operation, and ...
Ecomb AB
based in Södertälje, SWEDEN
Supply the market with technical solutions for the purpose of reducing the emissions of pollutants in the flue gas as well as increasing the thermal efficiency of boilers used within industry and power- and heat plants, based upon ECOMB`s patented product - the Ecotube-system. The result is an efficient combustion process with reduced emissions of carbon monoxides, VOC ...
Trace Environmental Systems, Inc.
based in Sparta, NEW JERSEY (USA)
Trace Environmental Systems, Inc. distinguishes itself by providing monitoring solutions in addition to a full range of support services. Trace Environmental is a supplier of Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems (CEMS), Data Acquisition and Reporting Software (DAS 2000), and Environmental Data Base Management Systems. Trace Environmental provides monitoring systems, ...
Ozmotech Pty Ltd
based in Notting Hill, AUSTRALIA
ThermoFuel is a process whereby scrap and waste plastics are converted into diesel fuel. The system uses liquefaction, pyrolysis and the catalytic breakdown of plastics. The system can handle almost all plastics that are currently sent to landfills. Major advantages of the process is its ability to handle contaminated plastic and its extremely high efficiency. A ...
Marsulex Environmental Technologies (MET)
based in Lebanon, PENNSYLVANIA (USA)
MET - Marsulex Environmental Technologies provides traditional and advanced air quality control systems, services and solutions that cost effectively minimize pollutants, including SO2, particulate, NOx, mercury and acid gas from emissions of electric utilities, petrochemical and general industrial customers around the world.
Linde Gas
based in Munich, GERMANY
Linde Gases Division is the worldwide leading supplier of gases. Industrial gases from Linde perform specific tasks in almost all industrial applications. They improve quality of life and make production more cost-effectiveEnvironmental issues, especially urban air pollution, acid rain and toxic air emissions are of increasing concern to governments and people all over ...
Ultra Check, Inc.
based in Atlantic Beach, FLORIDA (USA)
Ultra Check is the leader in slotted gauge pole emission controls. We have various products that serve to seal the inside as well as outside of the gauge well, including, but not limited to, pole floats with reels, radar floats, ATG floats, gauge well seals, ladder seals, thermowell seals, and multi-pole seals. We also fabricate drip sinks for tank gauging as well as ...
based in Louisville, KENTUCKY (USA)
Vanaire offers complete PVC, solid fiberglass, CPVC and polypropylene corrosion resistant ventilation and air pollution control systems and corrosion resistant custom fabrications. Exhaust Fans, Ductwork Systems, Factory Mutual Approved PVC Duct Systems, High Efficiency Mist Eliminators, Exhaust Hoods, Filament Wound FRP Storage Tanks, Design Services, Engineering , ...


text:
This is the root of the common Lisp Directory. The whole tree of tags starts here.
If you are new to the Common Lisp Directory, you should probably first have a look at the "By topic" link below or at the "Tags" and "Index" links above.
The items lists (Libraries, documents, events, etc.) are limited to about 20 items randomly taken from the whole lists. Click on the titles or the "View all (n more)" links to see the full lists of items with their descriptions.
The CLD is written in Common Lisp.
By Topic (681 items) Resources for Common Lisp sorted by topic
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CDR 0: Common Lisp Document Repository | LispWire News | Shared State Concurrency for Common Lisp | VBECL | Hacking CL into a Lisp-1 (an intro to code-walking... | Building a Windows CLISP version | Calendrical Calculations | UnCommon Web video | Software Bits | Interview with Samantha Kleinberg on CL-GODB, Comm... | Guide to good Lisp style | Lisp Style and Efficiency | Lisp Propulsion Laboratory log | comp.lang.lisp | Berkeley SICP Lectures | cmucl and multiprocessing | Beating C in Scientific Computing Applications -- ... | Setting up ASDF for CLISP+Win32 | On using Common Lisp for Scientific Computing | MOP Retrospective - Gregor Kiczales speaks to lis...
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Jeremy Smith | Paolo Amoroso | Justin Heyes-Jones | John Pallister | Kenny Tilton | Eugene Talagrand | Mario Mommer | Theo D'Hondt | Matthias Köppe | Mikel Evins | Peter Van Eynde | Thomas F. Burdick | Willem Broekema | Rahul Jain | Sam Steingold | Mark Carter | Alan Manuel K. Gloria | Wendall A. Marvel | Bruno Serra Loff Barreto | Vlad Hosu | Kevin Crosbie | Lars Brinkhoff | Jonathan Amsterdam | Francis Sergeraert | Juho Snellman | Pierre Mai | Oliver Markovic | Frank Goenninger | William Bland | Marco Monteiro
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International Lisp Conference 2009 | European Common Lisp Meeting 2008 | International Lisp Conference 2007 | 3rd European Lisp Workshop | LispNYC May 2006 Meeting - Peter Seibel | European Common Lisp Meeting 2006 | LispNYC November 2005 meeting | 2nd European LISP and Scheme Workshop | International Lisp Conference 2005 | European Common Lisp Meeting 2005 | 1st European Lisp and Scheme Workshop | International Lisp Conference 2003 | Japan Lisp User Group Meeting 2000
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Association of Lisp Users | Department of Computer Science and Engineering, FE... | Albuquerque Lisp and Scheme Users | Lisp.se | Cadence Design Systems GmbH | SISCOG - Sistemas Cognitivos Lta | LispNYC | Common-Lisp.biz | Gothenburg Lisp User Group | HPC Platform | Ystok-Systema | Lisp-it | Ravenbrook | Algorithme - Information Technology services | ITA Software | Franz Inc. | CRISPYLOGICS | The Tech Co-op | Consequor Consulting AG | RavenPack
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YstokCard - smart card API (PC/SC)(Modified)| YstokGrid(Modified)| CL-Typesetting(Modified)| CL-PDF(Modified)| Jean-Philippe Paradis(Added)| Armed Bear Common Lisp(Annotated)| Allegro Common Lisp(Modified)| CLFSWM - A(nother) Common Lisp FullScreen Window M...(Modified)| Ystok-URI - library for representing, parsing, and...(Added)| Clon, the Command-Line Options Nuker(Modified)| Common Lisp Reasoner(Modified)| ASDlite(Modified)| Ystok-Library(Modified)| Ystok-Local-Time(Modified)| YHTML-Template(Modified)| cl-gdata(Added)| Michael Filonenko(Added)| cl-portaudio(Added)| YstokHTML - collection of HTML generator, parser a...(Added)| Common Lisp User Space File System(Added)| cl-btree(Added)
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You can comment and/or add notes to all the tags and items of the Common Lisp Directory.
Submitted by admin 3586 days 1 hour 3 min ago
Comments added to RSS feeds
Now the commented items are added to the RSS feeds so that it's possible to see what have been commented recently.
Submitted by marc.battyani 3526 days 4 hours 53 min ago
unicode possibilities
It would be nice if cl-user would display unicode input for CJK text. With PCL and On Lisp getting new printings in Japan, it might be beneficial to attract more brain-share from that side of the world. Would this be considered out of cl-user.net's scope?
Submitted by charliemac 2621 days 22 hours 38 min ago
Perhaps it would be interesting to open up a "universities" category (or subcategory of Organization) to list universities that teach lisp?
Submitted by informatimago 2614 days 13 hours 55 min ago
re: universities
This is a good idea. Done.
Submitted by marc.battyani 2611 days 18 hours 9 min ago
re: unicode possibilities
I have to think about it.
The use of English as the standard language is prefered so that the information is useable by most lispers.
I don't mind some other language content though.
Submitted by marc.battyani 2611 days 17 hours 40 min ago
Change descriptions may accept invalid characters
Attempting to view the "Last Modified Items" RSS feed in the Google Chrome browser gives the error: "error on line 10 at column 2048: PCDATA invalid Char value 12". Adding the feed in Mozilla Thunderbird: "<feed URL> is not a valid feed."
Submitted by WalterGR 1739 days 39 min ago
Repository access
Many sites have a link to view the repository such as:
Source code repository http://common-lisp.net/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/?cvsroot=cl-semantic
however, I can't find any place that describes how to convert that link into something that can be used to actually check out the source code. I'm very suppressed this hasn't been an issue before.
Submitted by blake1024 1373 days 13 hours 20 min ago


text:
Narrow your search
Outages on Wall Street, in the airline industry and at a top newspaper on Wednesday show just how precarious our digitally organized lives are.
Typing 140 characters has come at a heavy price for an Australian newspaper after it was ordered to pay AU$80,000 for defaming one of the country's highest ranking politicians in two short tweets.
Deactivation of the mobile newspaper viewer comes as the tech company expands its retail presence in the country.
Technically Incorrect: Tesla's CEO muses that Apple won't find it easy to build a car.
Mulder and Scully are armed with more powerful technology than they had in the '90s as they search for the truth in today's America.
Scientists catch an unusual shark that looks like a cross between a blobfish and an electric eel. No wonder the poor species doesn't go out in public much.
Technically Incorrect: Almost 2 million people have flocked to Facebook to see an extraordinary video of two kangaroos performing very skilled, kickboxing-style pugilism in the middle of an Australian road.
Rise of the Tomb Raider's extensive skill tree and diverse environments let you guide Lara into the role she was destined for in your own way.
The Egyptian government has given permission for a radar scan of the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun...and therein lies a tale.
A shiver is one name for a group of sharks. It's also what you'll do as you see this footage of dozens of the creatures swimming together off the coast of Florida.


text:
October is National Cooperative Month, and Nolin Rural Electric Cooperative is celebrating the benefits and values that co-ops bring to their members and communities.
There are many different types of co-ops in the U.S., from credit to service co-ops like Nolin RECC, they all are similar in how they do business. The co-op business model is unique and rooted in the local communities. In fact, cooperative employees can usually be found working with community-based projects and serving as civic leaders.


text:
The location was great for all things Winthrop/Twisp. The people were friendly. The bed was sooooooo cozy! The shampoos & conditioners were organic. Although I always bring my own, it was awesome to see they care!
The weather wasn't quite as cooperative as we had hoped! The pool was great, but too chilly for us! Our granddaughter was really excited about the pool, but the bathtub worked equally well!
Staff was very professional, friendly and knowledgeable. The room was decent size, clean and reasonably comfortable.
Beds could be better. Rate was a bit high for this class of hotel, but it was likely because of the holiday week.
Friendly staff and nice clean rooms
Clean and quiet
Outstanding view of streams and wildlife (deer, ducks). Very close to restaurants.
The stores all closed at 5:00 during high tourist season.
The River Run Inn is located right on the Methow River. It's a beautiful setting. We saw deer every day. The weather was ove 100 F while we were there. the A/C was excellent and the pool was a great place to cool down more. The river is cool but my husband did dunk himself in it once very briefly! The lakes nearby are a good place to swim and beat the heat too. All the staff at the Inn were friendly and helpful. We'll be back!
We came away with bug bites but that wasn't the Inn's fault! For me the bed was a bit hard.
Central location. Winthrop is small but it's still nice to be in the middle of the town. The room was quite large with a lot of space and nice furnishings. The large deck with private hot tub is great.
Location and rooms
That we did not stay longer
This hotel has a fantastic location with a nice deck overlooking a small mountain stream. There was even a hammock down by the water. They served possibly the best hotel breakfast I've ever had including award-winning Blue Star coffee roasted in town.
The king-bed room was a little small on the street side but well equipped. We wish we could have stayed another day and gotten a river-facing room.
Here's why:
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We aggregate tons of data for you
Our service lets you quickly and easily compare results from hundreds of travel sites at once. In this sense, KAYAK is a search engine and we don't guarantee prices we find.
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KAYAK is part of The Priceline Group, the world leader in online travel & related services.


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verbatim from deadline.com on March 17, 2011Samuel L. Jackson plays Foley, a grifter trying to escape from his past having spent 20 years in prison. But he gets ensnared in the plans of a young protege and it becomes all too clear to Foley that some wrongs can never be made right.
Production History as of
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Filming starts March 20, 2011 in Toronto, Canada and Rio De Janiero.
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Running Time:
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Shooting Locations
Sunday, March 20 2011:
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Sunday, March 20 2011:
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil


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Page 1
traits by developmental exposure to bisphenol A
Eldin Jašarevic ´a,b,c, Paizlee T. Sielib,d, Erin E. Twellmanc, Thomas H. Welsh, Jr.e, Todd R. Schachtmana,f,
R. Michael Robertsb,g,h,1, David C. Gearya,f,1, and Cheryl S. Rosenfeldb,c,1
aInterdisciplinary Neuroscience Program,bBond Life Sciences Center, and Departments ofcBiological Sciences,dBiomedical Sciences,fPsychological Sciences,
gBiochemistry, andhAnimal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211; andeDepartment of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station,
Contributed by R. Michael Roberts, May 18, 2011 (sent for review March 31, 2011)
Exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), such as
bisphenol A (BPA), may cause adverse health effects in wildlife
and humans, but controversy remains as to what traits are most
sensitive to EDCs and might serve as barometers of exposure.
Expression of sexually selected traits that have evolved through
intrasexual competition for mates and intersexual choice of mating
partner are more dependent on developmental and physical con-
dition of an animal than naturally selected traits and thus might
to EDCs. We have used the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)
as a model to test this hypothesis. Adult male–male competition
for mates in this species is supported by enhanced spatial naviga-
tional and exploratory abilities, which enable males to search for
prospective, widely dispersed females. Male deer mice exposed to
BPA or ethinyl estradiol (EE) through maternal diet showed no
changes in external phenotype, sensory development, or adult
circulating concentrations of testosterone and corticosterone, but
spatial learning abilities and exploratory behaviors were severely
compromised compared with control males. Because these traits
are not sexually selected in females, BPA exposure predictably
had no effect, although EE-exposed females demonstrated en-
hanced spatial navigational abilities. Both BPA-exposed andcontrol
females preferred control males to BPA-exposed males. Our dem-
onstration that developmental exposure to BPA compromises
cognitive abilities and behaviors essential for males to reproduce
successfully has broad implications for other species, including our
own. Thus, sexually selected traits might provide useful biomarkers
toassess riskof environmental contaminationin animal andhuman
mate choice|sexual selection|spatial abilities|cognition|sex differences
(EDCs) has posed a major threat to wildlife since the large-
scale production of these industrial chemicals (1). Numerous stud-
ies have documented disturbances of sex-typical development,
reproductive tract pathologies, and abnormal adult behaviors
through environmental contact with EDCs, including bisphenol
A (BPA) (2–7). However, scant information is available regard-
ing exposure to EDCs during development within the context of
sexual selection (8, 9). Expression of sexually selected traits is
critical to reproductive fitness and may be particularly vulnerable
to EDCs because these traits show greater phenotypic variation
than naturally selected traits, owing in part to dependence on
more genetic loci and overall body condition (10, 11). Moreover,
optimal expression of these traits in adulthood requires a com-
plex orchestration of developmental exposure to estrogens and
androgens, processes that can be compromised by EDC expo-
sure (3, 4). We predicted that traits that evolved through intra-
sexual competition for mates and influence intersexual choice
of mating partner would be particularly sensitive to EDCs (3, 12,
13) and might serve as useful barometers for detecting such
chemicals in the environment.
evelopmental exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds
To capture the variation in sexually selected traits found in wild
populations, we used polygynous deer mice (Peromyscus man-
iculatus) to assess the effects of developmental exposure to BPA
and ethinyl estradiol (EE), a synthetic estrogen, on male com-
petitive behaviors and males' attractiveness to females. Males of
this species compete by expanding their territorial range during
prospective mates widely dispersed throughout the ecology. This
enhanced adult male spatial ability and exploratory behavior
requires not only seasonal increases in testosterone but prenatal
exposure to this hormone (14), with the latter requirement ren-
dering these traits potentially vulnerable to developmental EDC
exposure. Once a prospective mate is found, females choose
whether to mate with the male. Female choice is largely mediated
by olfactory cues and behaviorally indicated by time engaged in
nose-to-nose contact with and inspecting the male (15–17). On
the basis of the sexually selected traits particular to this species,
we assessed the effect of developmental exposure to BPA or EE
on spatial navigational ability and exploratory behavior in male
and female deer mice and female preference through a mate
choice experiment.
Litter Data. Average litter size did not differ across maternal diet
(2.95 ± 0.28, 2.76 ± 0.31, and 2.85 ± 0.20 for control, EE, and
BPA groups, respectively) (Table S1). However, dams fed the
EE diet had relatively fewer male offspring (41% male) than
females receiving the control (62% male) and BPA-supple-
mented (65% male) diets (Table S1). Binomial tests, assessing
whether the differences differed from the expected 50% sex
ratio, were significant for the control (P = 0.009) and EE (P =
0.001) groups, and there was a trend for the dams on the BPA
diet (P = 0.053). The more critical finding, however, was that the
sex ratios for dams on the control and BPA-supplemented diets
did not differ from each other (P = 0.83).
Assessments of Sensory and Neuromuscular Function. Initial obser-
vations indicated offspring exposed to BPA and EE through
maternal dietduring prenatal development untilweaning(day 25)
demonstrated no visible abnormalities in phenotype, including
coat color and weight. Males and females in all of the groups
exhibited intact sensory systems, including olfaction, neuromus-
cular strength, response to sound, and vision (Table S2).
Author contributions: E.J., T.R.S., R.M.R., D.C.G., and C.S.R. designed research; E.J., P.T.S.,
E.E.T., and T.H.W. performed research; D.C.G. analyzed data; and E.J., T.R.S., R.M.R., D.C.G.,
and C.S.R. wrote the paper.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Freely available online through the PNAS open access option.
1To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, Gearyd@
missouri.edu, or firstname.lastname@example.com.
This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.
www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1107958108PNAS Early Edition
| 1 of 6
Page 2
Spatial Learning and Memory. At sexual maturity (approximately
day 60), spatial learning was assessed with the Barnes maze, a
circular, dry-land maze that assesses the animal's ability to use
visual cues to navigate out of the maze (Fig. S1). Behavior of
each mouse was recorded and analyzed with automated tracking
software (EthoVision XT; Noldus), allowing a composite track-
ing image to be assembled for every trial. After 2 d of habituation
(5 min each), testing was performed on 7 successive days, with
two trials per day. Fig. 1 shows the time required to reach the
correct exit (latency) for males (Fig. 1A) and females (Fig. 1C)
across training. After 2 d, control males exhibited shorter la-
tencies to exit the maze than BPA- or EE-exposed males (P <
0.0001 for each) and females in all diet groups (P < 0.004). Males
exposed to BPA or EE did not differ from each other on any day
(P > 0.0834) (Fig. 1A). Except for day 2, females exposed to EE
reached the exit hole sooner than control females (P < 0.0051).
Frequency of entering the wrong exit hole for males (Fig. 1B)
and females (Fig. 1D) was also affected by maternal diet. Control
males and EE-exposed females did not differ in number of
committed errors (P = 0.1767), but both groups committed
fewer errors than males exposed to either BPA or EE (P <
0.0001 for each comparison) and control females (P < 0.0001).
Automated tracking of movement in the Barnes maze allowed
three types of search strategy to be identified: random (with no
particular pattern), serial (in which the mice patrolled the pe-
rimeter), and spatial (in which the most direct approach to the
exit hole was used, presumably based on learned use of visual
cues) (Fig. 2A; further details supplied in SI Results). The
dominant strategy on day 1 was random across the two trials,
with the exception of EE-exposed females (Fig. 2B). Strategy
differences between groups of males emerged within several days
of training (Fig. 2B). On average, control males acquired the
spatial-oriented strategy by day 3 of training, whereas the ma-
jority of males exposed to BPA or EE failed to shift to the
spatial-oriented strategy by the end of training (P < 0.0002).
Although behaviors for the BPA and EE male groups became
less random, few demonstrated use of the more efficient spatial-
oriented strategy used by control males (Movies S1–S3). EE-
exposed females rapidly acquired the spatial-oriented strategy
typical of control males (Movie S4) and, after day 2, outper-
formed control and BPA-exposed females (P < 0.0046 and P <
0.0084, respectively). Moreover, EE-exposed females did not
differ from control males after day 1 (P > 0.20).
These combined results reveal that spatial learning in males is
compromised by developmental exposure to either BPA or EE in
the maternal diet. Conversely, EE but not BPA exposure seemed
to render female spatial behavior more like that of control males
with respect to error frequency and spatial strategy; they also had
shorter latencies than control females. When total distance
traveled was used as a covariate, it did not alter the significance
of the latency data (SI Results, Spatial Learning and Memory).
Exploratory and Anxiety-Like Behavior.After completing the spatial
learning and memory testing in the Barnes maze, exploratory
behavior in the same group of mice was assessed by using the
elevated-plus maze (EPM), which consisted of two open and two
closed arms projecting from a central platform raised 1 m from
the floor. Each mouse was placed on the center platform and
allowed to explore the maze for 5 min. Each trial was scored for
total time spent in the arms, and the proportion of total time
spent in open arms was calculated. In addition, experiments
measured time spent on the central platform and the number of
closed and open arm entries and exits. Control males spent more
time in the open arms, an indicator of exploratory behavior, than
EE- or BPA-exposed males (P = 0.014 and P < 0.0001, re-
spectively) and control females (P = 0.0039) (Fig. 3 A and C).
Fig. 1.
in the Barnes maze. (A and C) Latency (i.e., time required to escape the maze) across days of training for males (A) and females (C) (mean ± SEM). (B and D)
Number of escape errors across days of training for males (B) and females (D) (mean ± SEM, *P < 0.01) (see SI Results for detailed comparisons).
Effects of early developmental exposure to BPA and EE on spatial learning and memory of adult male and female deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)
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| www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1107958108 Jašarevic ´ et al.
Page 3
However, male exploratory behavior was more strongly com-
promised by BPA than EE. Control males also entered open
arms more frequently than either EE- or BPA-exposed males
(P = 0.0044 and P = 0.0024, respectively) and control females
(P = 0.0006), again emphasizing the potential demasculinizing
effect of BPA and EE on male deer mice behaviors. In particular,
BPA males spent a large proportion of their time in the closed
arms of the maze (Fig. 3 B and C). Whether such sheltering in the
closed arms reflects a lowered exploratory behavior, increased
anxiety, or both, is unclear. Finally, males exposed to BPA spent
more time immobile than control and EE-exposed males (means,
158 s, 135 s, and 124 s, respectively; P = 0.0591) (Fig. 3D).
Mate Choice Experiment. After a 2-wk resting period following
EPM testing, female mate preference for control vs. BPA-ex-
posed males was compared (Fig. S2). Control and BPA-exposed
females spent more time engaged in nose-to-nose contact with
control males than with males exposed to BPA (29.5 ± 5.86 s vs.
14.3 ± 5.76 s; P = 0.0114) (Fig. 4). Inspection time, however, did
not vary with maternal diet of the females (P = 0.2727). We
conclude that females have a reduced sexual preference for
males exposed to BPA, although it remains to be determined
whether this effect is due to behavioral cues, reduced chemical
signaling through pheromones, or both (Movie S5). Male choice
of female partners was not assessed because male choice is
rare among species with polygynous mating systems, including
Peromyscus (18).
Adult Serum Testosterone and Corticosterone Concentrations in Male
Deer Mice. Finally, because spatial abilities and exploratory be-
havior in male deer mice are likely to be influenced by adult
concentrations of circulating testosterone and corticosterone in
the peripheral blood (19), we measured the concentration of
these hormones in serum of adult males from the three diet
groups. No differences in serum testosterone (P > 0.3180) or
corticosterone (P > 0.2540) concentrations were observed be-
tween the control, EE, and BPA males (Fig. S3). Thus, the be-
havioral disturbances manifested in adult males caused by early
exposure to BPA seem not to be linked to either changes in adult
testosterone or corticosterone serum concentrations.
Together, the results demonstrate that developmental exposure
to BPA and the synthetic estrogen EE severely disrupts spatial
learning of male P. maniculatus and simultaneously decreases
their exploratory behavior, without altering adult concentrations
of circulating testosterone and corticosterone (Fig. S3). In a mate
choice experiment, females also seemed to detect the compro-
mised quality of males exposed during early development to BPA
and discriminated against them. Depressed male sexual vigor has
also been observed in Japanese quail (Corturnix coturnix japonica)
exposed in ovo to EE (20). In the latter study, there were also no
accompanying changes in circulating testosterone concentrations
to account for the abnormal behavior. The sex ratio bias in dams
on the EE-supplemented diet might partially explain some of the
effects of EE on male spatial cognition: males of this species born
to female-biased litters have been previously demonstrated to
exhibit some deficits in spatial abilities and a lower tendency to
disperse during the mating season (14). However, these results do
not explain the spatial deficits exhibited by BPA-exposed males,
If anything, this sex ratio bias in the BPA group would have been
anticipated to improve male spatial learning.
In our experiments, maternal diet exposure to BPA was 50
mg BPA/kg feed weight, which is consistent with prior studies
that have demonstrated that such a dose can induce epigenetic
(21) and behavioral changes (22) in laboratory rodents. It was
designed to be well below the diet-administered maximum non-
toxic dose for rodents (200 mg/kg body weight per day), within the
presumptive no observed effect level for mice (23), and likely to
provide circulating serum concentrations close to those observed
for humans (24). We have recently demonstrated that dietary
exposure of laboratory mice to 100 mg deuterated [dimethyl-d6]-
of 18.8 ± 4.4 ng/mL within 6 h after initiating the diets (24). On
the basis of the linear response curve observed with BPA (25–28),
was anticipated to yield serum concentrations in these animals
within the range of human exposure (27, 29).
Although our initial assumption was that maternal consump-
tion of BPA had a direct, endocrine-disrupting effect on pup
brain development, it is also possible that maternal exposure to
BPA led to decreased maternal investment in her pups, as has
been observed in mice and rats (30, 31). Such reduced maternal
care by dams receiving the BPA- and EE-supplemented diet
could, in turn, account for the extended effects on offspring
social and cognitive competencies, as has been proposed else-
where (32). Further studies are therefore planned to examine
Fig. 2.
search strategy of adult male and female deer mice (Peromyscus man-
iculatus) in the Barnes maze. (A) Examples of composite images from single
animals tracked from entry to escape, illustrating different spatial strategies
used to exit the maze. (B) Distribution of different spatial strategies
according to sex, diet exposure, and day of training. During the initial
training period (day 1), most animals navigated by using a random strategy
(black), followed by a serial search strategy (yellow). The most efficient
spatial search strategy (green) emerged when the animals began to use di-
rectional and positional intramaze cues. By day 3 of training, control males
used more efficient strategies than control females and EE- and BPA-exposed
males, who in turn did not differ on any day (P < 0.0002). EE-exposed females
used more efficient strategies than control and BPA-exposed females on all
days except day 2 (see SI Results for further details).
Effects of early developmental exposure to BPA and EE on spatial
Jašarevic ´ et al. PNAS Early Edition
| 3 of 6
Page 4
maternal care by BPA- and EE-exposed female deer mice and to
test whether such effects on maternal behaviors influence the
subsequent spatial learning abilities of male offspring.
A feature of polygynous rodent species, in which males com-
pete by expanding home range and searching for mates, is in-
creased hippocampal cell density, volume, and spine density
during the breeding season (14, 33–35). BPA exposure can also
result in a variety of biochemical and structural changes in the
hippocampus of laboratory rodents (36–38). Although these
effects of BPA, if direct and not an indirect outcome of poor
maternal care, might be due to its ability to act as an analog of
estradiol and engage and inappropriately alter the expression of
genes for estrogen receptors (Esr1 and Esr2) in the fetal brain
(39, 40). It is also possible that the spatial navigational deficits in
exposed males are an outcome of suppression of Leydig cell
testosterone production at the time that androgens from the
testes normally masculinize the developing brain through local
conversion to estradiol by aromatase (41, 42). Another possibility
is that BPA effects are more immediate and occur through
membrane-initiated events that disrupt specific subset of neurons
(43). Whatever the basis of the learning defects, the foundation
of BPA pathologies in adult offspring seems likely to be epige-
netic in origin (21, 44–48).
On the other hand, even though the proximate mechanisms
mediating BPA effects on spatial learning and exploratory be-
haviors in P. maniculatus remain to be clarified, the reproductive
consequences are quite apparent. The disruption of male spatial
cognition and the supporting brain systems would severely com-
promise the ability of the male deer mice to find mates in natural
settings, and even if they did locate females, such animals would
seem to be less likely to be chosen as mates than males that had
not been exposed to BPA. Moreover, these abnormalities in traits
associated with the likelihood of male reproductive success cannot
be explained by altered adult testosterone or corticosterone con-
centrations of affected males.
Spatial abilities among female deer mice were not affected by
developmental exposure to BPA, most probably because such
traits have not been elaborated by sexual selection and were,
therefore, less sensitive to disruption than the same traits in
males. These traits are not sexually selected in females because
home range expansion and increased exploration is unlikely to
confer reproductive benefit to females and could be costly in
termsofpredationrisk.Inotherwords,therelative insensitivity of
some traits to BPA exposure, as demonstrated here for female
spatial abilities in P. maniculatus, can be readily understood
within the purview of sexual selection. Sex differences in ex-
pression of such traits provide a theoretical context within which
to understand EDC exposure for a broad range of species. Subset
examples include the decrease in sexually dimorphic physical size
of alligators born in contaminated streams of Lake Apopka (49),
the reduced plumage coloration around the facial region of male
American kestrels (Falco sparverius) exposed to polychlorinated
biphenyls(8),andthelossofattractiveness tofemalesofmalerats
whose great grandmothers had been treated with the fungicide
vinclozolin (9). The latter study also provides an example of the
transgenerational effects of vinclozolin exposure on male quality
and female choice.
In contrast to the effects of BPA, developmental exposure of
female deer mice to the synthetic estrogen EE, itself a potent
environmental contaminant with known adverse effects on a variety
Fig. 3.
opmental exposure to BPA and
EE on exploratory behavior in the
EPM. Diet and sex differences in
time spent in (A) open arms; (B)
closed arms; (C) open arms in
proportion to total time in open
and closed arms; and (D) time
spent immobile. Same letters in-
dicate no difference, whereas dif-
ferent letters indicate significant
differences (see SI Results for de-
tailed comparisons).
Effects of early devel-
Fig. 4.
exposed females exhibited longer duration of nose-to-nose contact (mean ±
SEM) with control males than with BPA-exposed males. *P < 0.05.
Female choice of control vs. BPA-exposed males. Control and BPA-
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| www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1107958108 Jašarevic ´ et al.
Page 5
of species (39, 50–52), masculinized their spatial abilities and
exploratory behaviors and led to a phenotype more similar to that
of control males than control females. Laboratory mice (Mus
musculus domesticus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed during
prenatal through postnatal development to EE similarly demon-
a similar regimen of BPA exposure did not induce comparable
responses (53, 54). These contrasting data obtained after EE
and BPA exposure suggest that the endocrine-disrupting effects
of the latter cannot be entirely attributed to its estrogenic actions.
In conclusion, we have shown that in a polygynous deer mouse
species, sexually selected traits that drive intrasexual competition
for mates and influence intersexual choice of mating partner are
particularly sensitive to BPA. Such a paradigm might be extended
to other species and provide a roadmap as to what sex-specific
traits might be most vulnerable to such chemicals. In the case of
P. maniculatus, male spatial navigational ability is disrupted by
early BPA exposure, and the mate choice experiment revealed
that females are sensitive to the compromised condition of such
malesandprefermales thatwere notexposedtoBPA.Inthewild,
BPA exposure might thus reduce the chances of these males to
reproduce successfully. To the extent that sexually selected traits
are particularly vulnerable to disruption by BPA and other EDCs,
they might constitute particularly useful biomarkers to assess
for environmental contamination (13, 55), provide a means to
resolve the accumulating, apparently contradictory accounts of
BPA effects appearing in the EDC literature, and allow future
studies of human risk assessments to be targeted in ways that are
not currently considered.
Materials and Methods
Animals. Thirty outbred female and 30 male deer mice (Peromyscus man-
iculatus bairdii) were purchased from the Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center
(University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC). All experiments were approved
by University of Missouri Animal Care and Use Committee and performed in
accordance with National Institutes of Health Animal Care and Use Guide-
lines. Virgin females, 8–12 wk of age, were randomly assigned to receive one
of three diets: (i) a low phytoestrogen AIN 93G diet supplemented with 7%
corn oil (control); (ii) AIN93G supplemented with 50 mg of BPA/kg feed
weight (BPA); or (iii) AIN93G diet supplemented with 0.1 parts per billion
feed weight of EE, as a positive control (56). Diets were administered 2 wk
before mating, and dams remained on the diet through pregnancy and
lactation, because early brain development extends into the postnatal pe-
riod (57). The total number of F1 offspring analyzed was 57 males (n = 20,
18, 19, for control, EE, and BPA diets, respectively) to capture male variability
and 32 females (n = 13, 9, 10, for control, EE, and BPA diets, respectively) to
determine whether sexually selected traits demonstrate differential sus-
ceptibility to EDCs.
After weaning, all offspring were placed on control diet and housed with
same-sex siblings until sexual maturity (age ≈60 d). Mice remained singly
housed throughout behavioral testing and were culled at ≈90 d of age. In
contrast to common laboratory rodent species, P. maniculatus does not re-
spond well to repeated handling (58), and thus animals were only handled
during weekly cage changes and behavioral testing. To minimize back-
ground exposure to BPA beyond treatment regimen (59), deer mice were
housed in white polypropylene cages (32 × 18 × 24 cm), maintained at
standardized environmental conditions, at 25 ± 2 °C and 50% ± 10% hu-
midity, with ad libitum access to water from glass bottles and food specific
to each treatment group. All animals were maintained on a long daylight
cycle (16 h light/8 h dark) to induce sexual maturity in males and females.
Assessments of Sensory and Neuromuscular Function. On postnatal day 25,
offspring were assessed to ensure that neuromuscular, sensory, and other
functional systems were intact, as described previously (60, 61). Olfaction was
tested by placing a small piece of food (cookie crumbs, 20 mg) under the
bedding in a clean mouse cage that was visually, but not physically, divided
into nine quadrants. The time required to find the food (latency) was
recorded (maximum of 10 min). Neuromuscular strength was tested by
placing mice individually on a wire lid 15 cm above their home cage. The lid
was gently turned upside down, and the latency to falling into their cage
was recorded (maximum of 60 s). To test acoustic startle, the experimenter
clapped his or her hands ≈0.65 m from the individually caged mouse and
recorded whether the animal became startled by the noise. Vision was
tested by holding the deer mouse ≈20 cm above a wire cage and slowly
lowering it. Normal vision was indicated by an arched back posture and
reaching for the lid.
Spatial Learning and Memory. At 60 d of age, spatial navigational ability of
F1 male and female deer mice was assessed with a modified black poly-
propylene Barnes maze for use with Peromyscus (62–64) (Fig. S1). Offspring
were randomly assigned an escape hole number. Exit holes were alternated
90° to eliminate odor cues for consecutively tested mice, whereas the escape
hole location and visual cues remained constant for any individual deer
mouse across all test trials. All testing occurred late in the light phase, and
animals were returned to the vivarium immediately after testing. Two days
before testing, mice were provided two habituation trials to acclimate the
mice to the maze design, followed by 7 d of two-trial evaluations per day for
300 s each, with a 30-min intertrial interval. At the beginning of each testing
day, animals were transferred from the vivarium to testing room 30 min
before behavioral assessments to reduce any confounding stress. A trial
consisted of carefully placing the mouse in the center of the maze in an
opaque starting box toallowthe tracking software todetect thecenter body-
point of the mouse. The starting box was lifted and a trial initiated once the
mouse began to move in the maze. If the mouse failed to enter the escape
box within 300 s, the observer gently guided the animal to the escape hole.
Stimulatory light measured ≈1,200 lx (vivarium room lighting measured 420
lx). If a deer mouse did not enter the exit hole within 30 s, a recording of
a barn owl (Tyto alba) screech was played to motivate predator avoidance
(65). The maze platform was cleaned after every trial with 70% ethanol so-
lution. Additional information is provided in SI Materials and Methods.
Exploratory and Anxiety-Like Behavior. Two weeks after the Barnes Maze
testing, exploratory and anxiety-related behaviors were assessed by using the
EPM (66). Additional information is provided in SI Materials and Methods.
Mate Choice Experiment. Control and BPA-exposed females were tested for
their preference of control vs. BPA-exposed males, similar to a previous study
(Fig. S2) (9). Additional information is provided in SI Materials and Methods.
Adult Male Serum Testosterone and Corticosterone Concentrations. One week
after completing mate-choice tests, males were killed, and cardiac serum
from 12 males per group was used to quantify circulating testosterone and
corticosterone concentrations by RIA (67). Males were 90 ± 7 d of age. Blood
was always collected between 700 and 900 hours, Central Standard Time.
Additional information is provided in SI Materials and Methods.
Statistical Analyses. Sensory and EPM scores were submitted to a 2 (sex) × 3
(diet) ANOVA or analysis of covariance (ANCOVA); Barnes maze latencies
were analyzed with a 2 (sex) × 3 (diet) × 7 (day) repeated-measures ANCOVA,
with trial (nested within day) as covariate (see SI Materials and Methods
for additional analyses). Hierarchical linear models (PROC MIXED, SAS, 2004),
whereby males and females were treated as separate random variables,
were used to assess female preference for control or BPA-exposed males.
Additional information is provided in SI Materials and Methods.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We thank Dr. Dennis Miller for his advice on the
sensory battery tests; Dr. Rex Hess for his suggestions on the manuscript;
Mr. Wayne Shoemaker, Bond Life Sciences Center, for constructing the
behavior testing apparatuses; Lisa Caldwell and Denise Warzak for technical
assistance; and Joseph Reddy and Scott Williams for their assistance with
husbandry and care of the deer mice. This work was supported by a Mizzou
Advantage grant (to D.C.G. and C.S.R.) and National Institutes of Health
Challenge Grant RC1 ES018195 (to C.S.R.).
1. U.S. Geological Survey (2011) Biology - contaminant biology program: Toxicology.Avail-
able at: http://biology.usgs.gov/contaminant/toxicology.html. Accessed June 8, 2011.
2. Gioiosa L, Fissore E, Ghirardelli G, Parmigiani S, Palanza P (2007) Developmental
exposure to low-dose estrogenic endocrine disruptors alters sex differences in
exploration and emotional responses in mice. Horm Behav 52:307–316.
3. Palanza P, Morellini F, Parmigiani S, vom Saal FS (1999) Prenatal exposure to endocrine
disrupting chemicals: Effects on behavioral development. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 23:
4. Patisaul HB, Polston EK (2008) Influence of endocrine active compounds on the
developing rodent brain. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 57:352–362.
Jašarevic ´ et al. PNAS Early Edition
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Membrane Filtration Companies in United Arab Emirates
Category: Water & Wastewater ×
Subcategory: Membrane Filtration ×
Location: Asia & Middle East ×
Location: United Arab Emirates ×
Machrone Corp
based in Singapore, SINGAPORE
Liquid filter cartridge and plastic/metal housing/vessel. Our customer are from Semi-conductor, Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Bio-tech and Food and Beverage Industries.
Ningbo Changqi Porous Membrane Technology Co.,Ltd.
based in Ningbo, CHINA
Our company is a Hi-tech company specialized in product research, developing and production of e-PTFE membrane, filter media and related products. The e-PTFE membrane has completed the "863" research project of National Ministry of Science and Technology and can be produced with porosity ranging from 0.2-5um now.The company owns advanced product lines of e-PTFE membrane, ...
Advanced Microdevices Pvt. Ltd.
based in Ambala Cantt, INDIA
mdi is a manufacturer and leading supplier of microfiltration membranes and disposable devices including syringe and capsule filters. The products are used in pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries for process as well as QC.
Tianshan Precision Filter Material Co., Ltd
based in Hangzhou, CHINA
Established in 2001, Tianshan Precision Filter Material Co., Ltd. which is a professional producer of filter-cores and filters is located in the world famous tourism city - Hangzhou, enjoying very convenient transportation networks. Tianshan Precision Filter Material Co., Ltd. specialized in supplying various kinds of filter cartridges and filters, including Pleated ...
FILTTECK Co., Ltd.
based in Chu Nan Chen, TAIWAN
FILTTECK Co., Ltd. is the leading filter company in Taiwan that dedicates itself particularly to research and development of filter industry. We are a filter cartridge manufacturer in Taiwan. Our filters have FDA, NSF certificates. We produce PP melt-blown filter cartridges, pleated filter cartridges, membrane filter cartridges.
Watropur AG
based in Unterseen-Interlaken, SWITZERLAND
Watropur design, manufacture and maintain sludge dryer for filter cake sludge, slurry and sewage sludge from industrial and municipal wastewater treatment plants. Watropur utilizes over 2500 square meters in production facilities, 5 subsidiaries and 50 sales representatives worldwide.
Hydro Air Research Italia (HARI)
based in Merlino (LO), ITALY
Hydro Air Research Italia (HARI) was established on 1979 as a private enterprise specialized in design and manufacturing of membrane separation systems for industrial process applications. Since 1979 the company has gained extensive expertise in process and waste water applications, becoming one of the leaders in membrane separation technology, widening its portfolio to ...
Total Air Pollution Control Pty Ltd. (TAPC)
based in Unanderra, AUSTRALIA
Total Air Pollution Control Pty Ltd. (TAPC) is an Australian company of the Environmental Group Ltd, providing all air pollution control services. At TAPC we offer a the most comprehensive set of environmental solutions, addressing multiple areas of your process. We have incorporated over 5 decades of experience into World's best technologies for chemical scrubbers, ...
Phoenix Vessels Ltd.
based in Gloucester, UNITED KINGDOM
We manufacture GRP Pressure Vessels for customers worldwide, and have been doing so for the past 15 years. Phoenix Vessel Technology Ltd, the UK specialist in manufacturing fibreglass reinforced membrane housings, was formed in 2006 after a private purchase of the company that pioneered this technology. New MD Richard Matthews has built a dynamic management team and ...
Applied Membranes, Inc.
based in Vista, CALIFORNIA (USA)
Applied Membranes, Inc. is a manufacturer and distributor of Reverse Osmosis Membranes, RO Systems and Components, both commercial and residential. We have been manufacturing Reverse Osmosis Systems, RO Membranes and Water Filtration Components under the AMI label for over30 years. AMI Products have earned an industry-wide reputation for their high quality and superior ...


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5 Parks near Salisbury, Massachusetts
North Andover, Massachusetts 16.74 miles SW
Gloucester, Massachusetts 18.3 miles SE
Salem, Massachusetts 23.01 miles S
Tyngsboro, Massachusetts 30.93 miles SW
Hanscomb AFB, Massachusetts 33.58 miles SW
Salisbury, Massachusetts (map) | (978) 463-0226
Sites: 50 | Latest Rate: $50.00 | 53 Reviews
|Clean Restrooms:
|Clean Showers:
Jul 2015 - $50.00
This is a very nice, small campground with paved roads and pads that are half concrete, half hard-pack gravel. The roads are a little narrow but manageable. There are large grassy areas between sites. The owner and staff were very helpful, and the "regulars" who come in each weekend were also very friendly. The bathrooms were immaculate, and the laundry was a little dark but very clean and in good working order. We did not use the pool but it appeared to be a good size and clean. There are no trees in the park, so we had no satellite issues, and the wifi was good. While we were not crazy about Salisbury itself, we would consider staying here again if in the area. - SMorin
Jul 2015 - $60.00
Very small and well run park. Very clean. Many of the sites are seasonal residents, kept up nicely. Sites are tight but manageable. All but one site are back in and can be a little tricky if park is crowded but manager is very helpful getting you parked. Grass, picnic table and fire ring. Small RV pad finished with hard packed gravel. Hookups worked fine. Great cable and pretty good WiFi available at the site. Showers cost a quarter per two minutes. Satellite available at many sites. Nice pool and game room. A mile to Salisbury Beach and easy access to Scenic Highway 1 and US 95. - VegasVagabonds
Jul 2014 - $60.00
This is a tough park to rate. As others have said, it is not just tight, but very tight. You do have to be a skilled driver to back in to the spots, even with the owner's help. However, as others have also said, the owners are very friendly and helpful, the park is well kept and the pool looks inviting (we didn't use it). Good power, water, and sewer hookups that don't require extra cords or hoses. And, area isn't that bad if you are familiar with any beach town along the east coast - amusement rides, pizza places, arcades and stuff like that. For a few nights to see the area it is a nice park, but not a bargain at the price. We would stay here again if in the area. - TX Camper
Salisbury, Massachusetts (map) | (978) 462-3183
Sites: 200 | Latest Rate: $55.00 | 28 Reviews
|Clean Restrooms:
|Clean Showers:
Aug 2015 - $55.00
Two, very small pools, one is more suited as a hot tub but with cold water. The sides of the pool are brown and I felt nervous swimming in the water. It is only open from noon to 7pm which is ridiculous in the heat of summer with children. They do have a beautiful park for children, looks new. The WiFi is awful. The bathrooms are the worst I've seen in a while. Don't use them during the weekend, gross. But the toilets were standard during the week. The showers are perhaps the worst I've ever used in all my years of camping. The water takes forever to regulate which means waiting for scalding hot water to cool enough to get in. One of the three showers had a blocked drain so the water pools at your feet up to your ankles. I felt trapped! The shower heads are ancient and point in one direction only, against the shower wall which makes it awkward to rinse your hair or to rinse. 50 cents for 5 minutes, but 3 are used waiting to get a safe temperature. Overall the campground is neglected. The grass all around was long when we arrived and now on our 5th day, still not mowed. The place is scruffy and run down. Also, lots of ant hills on each site, so bring ant powder. However, the location is great and if you don't use the bathrooms you'll be okay. Really. - bytheseashore
Jul 2015 - $55.00
Not on our list to re-visit. Sites are tight due to the number of trees, making slides and awnings a challenge. Sites are also gravel and mulch, so prepare to get eaten up by mosquitoes. If it rains it never dries out due to the ample shade provided the many trees. Sat service is impossible, WiFi is nonexistent and cell service is real poor. Too many seasonals and tents for our liking. Not worth the price. There are better campgrounds in the area. - DaDoSA
Jul 2013 - $60.00
We've stayed at this campground before and not a lot has changed. We asked for a satellite-friendly site, but that's almost impossible when the facility is as wooded as this one. We had a good-sized back-in site, since the pull-thru spots are pretty narrow. Power was awful, with voltage dropping on one leg to the point where our EMS dropped out, until I added our booster transformer. It wasn't like we were trying to run 3 roof air conditioners; the voltage dropped with just the electric water heater on. Cable TV was reasonably good, but park Wi-Fi was essentially unusable. The owners and managers need to understand that making a substandard service free to avoid addressing complaints is a losing strategy these days. People want Wi-Fi to work reliably at reasonable speeds. Unfortunately for us, this is also a weak VZW location. Overall, we got about what we expected, but didn't really get the value we wanted. - RvTravelerNTechie
Salisbury, Massachusetts (map) | (978) 462-9551
Sites: 175 | Latest Rate: $40.00 | 4 Reviews
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|Clean Showers:
Sep 2014 - $40.00
Check in was in a messy old office, not very friendly. Site OK but was a little muddy. Bath/shower was Nasty! Men's urinal was leaking water from valve. Sides were old linoleum that was coming loose from wall. Shower was gross, decided not to use. Bath house dirty. - GFoxH
Jul 2011 - $41.00
This park was a disappointment. They charge for the showers that weren't clean ,they charge for visitors, they charge for the gate pass. We had the site across from the bath house and the sewer dump. There works go around cleaning the permanent sites then bring it to the only dump station. If you are there when they do this you will lose your lunch because their hose leaks, even the workers were losing there lunch. I will never stay here again. - ubub
Jun 2011 - $40.00
The campground was ok. It has crowded sites. Kids could not wear life jackets in their pool which closes early. Fires must be out by 10pm even if your quiet. The restrooms could use some basic cleaning. The workers were not that friendly. - kostka
Salisbury, Massachusetts (map) | (978) 462-4481
Sites: 484 | Latest Rate: $41.00 | 45 Reviews
|Clean Restrooms:
|Clean Showers:
Sep 2015 - $41.00
We booked through Reserve America and price includes the $8.65 reservation fee. It's a nice park, nothing fancy but is a great location for the beach. A mix of 50 & 30 amp and tent camping. We could only get 30 amp and all sites are back in. No wifi or cable TV but good reception for TV on antenna. No sewer hook up although there are very accessible dump stations. Be aware that on busy mornings there is a queue for the dump stations. The roads are tarmac and sites concrete and mainly level although quite short. Not suitable for rigs over 40 ft. Fire rings and good condition picnic tables. They have a very good recycling area. - Harris England
Aug 2015 - $28.00
Very nice State Park. Back into your site and you are level side to side. The campground is somewhat like parking lot camping but there are quite a few trees through out of course the ocean is right there. The Merrimack River is also right there as this is where it empties. Lots of nice views and picture opportunities.The sound of the ocean and waves breaking can be heard at night when things quiet down.Have been several times and will continue to camp there. - stoosher
Aug 2015 - $32.00
This is state park campground. The access to the beach and river is the best part of this campground. Not much for activities but great bike riding for a family. I would camp here again. - mass hills
Salisbury, Massachusetts (map) | (978) 465-0013
Sites: 163 | Latest Rate: $55.00 | 5 Reviews
|Clean Restrooms:
|Clean Showers:
Jun 2015 - $55.00
Beautiful wooded setting. Narrow dirt road leading in to the park. Entrance to the park is easy to miss. Does not appear they get big rigs. Entrance into the park is a large gate but one half of it is closed leaving a small opening for a big rig. Many old pieces of campground maintenance equipment are scattered around the entry to the park which looks terrible. This equipment needs to be behind a fence or else hidden in the back of the park. The turn into the lane to our site was narrow and difficult to navigate. Lanes within the park are dirt. Sites are dirt and some gravel. There are many older RVs that appear to be for seasonal guests.
The Wi-FI is non-existent; we are close to the office and cannot get connected. The TV offers few channels with very old programming and a great deal of interference. People in the office are very nice. And the campers are very friendly. Has a nice pool area. There are numerous wonderful historic towns close by with great restaurants and shopping. We wish we could have stayed longer in order to see more of the local sites. We really enjoyed The Deck @ The Bridge is Salisbury, right on the harbor offers great food, drink and a great place to watch a sunset. State Street in Salisbury is a long street of wonderfully maintained old buildings with a downtown feel. Retail on the ground floor and living above makes this a very vibrant and fun area. We loved 17 State Street - amazing food and ambiance as well as service. Had lunch one day and on Friday night we enjoyed a very creative dinner and live music Wild Maple Sugar trio. - JanneC
Apr 2012 - $28.00
Spent our first weekend at the camp. Site was clean, bathrooms were clean, and pool not opened yet being only April. We are there for the season. Neighbors were friendly and very welcoming. We love our new summer home. - j-lot-66
Aug 2011 - $38.00
What a great place! The owner and his wife were wonderful, friendly and worked very hard. It was there Halloween in August weekend full of events. The wife did games for the children and they had a ball. The restrooms were very clean and always were stocked even during a busy weekend. The pool was warm and very cleaned also. The site we had was very clean and large. The store had a little of everything you would need in case you forgot something. The wood was 2 for $10 and the bundles were large. Our family had a ball and are going back next year for 2 weeks. Great owners! - kostka


text:
Statik Selektah brings the vets and the rising star together for the latest leak off his Extended Play. Album drops June 18.
Tag: black thought
It was freestyles galore a few weekends ago at
The Roots lead vocalist sits down with Uber
After a request from the suggestion box, Black Thought kindly accepted and name dropped a few of The
In support of Adam Mansbach's novel, Rage Is Back, J. Period taps The Roots frontman for the accompanying mixtape's title track featuring the classic Illmatic instrumental. okp
Roots affiliate, Truck North links with Black Thought and Asher Roth for a bonus cut off his upcoming, Our American Cousin EP due December 11. nahright
Peanut Live 215 is one of the funniest series on the web. The show revolves around Peanut, a gun-toting, foul-mouthed puppet from Philly. On this episode, he catches up with Black Thought and The Wurx in the studio. Real puppet shit. Ha!


text:
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text:
Boeing ramps up 737 production to 38 a month
The company gave reporters and photographers a look at the line Tuesday as production increases from 35 planes a month.
Boeing has a big backlog for the best-selling jetliner that was introduced in 1979.
The current version, called the next-generation 737, is the most widely flown jetliner in the world. Boeing plans to increase production next year to 42 per month.
By 2017 Boeing expects to start delivering the newest version, the 737Max.
It takes more than eggs to start a home cake-baking business Oregon begins recreational marijuana sales 2:18 p.m. Briefs: Apply for $5,000 grant to compete in global marketplace Artists bring whimsy to McMenamins entertainment complex in Bothell Nissan Rogue holds its own in a crowded category New president-COO joins Skagit Bank
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There is something wrong with you if this didn't make you smile.
Duck Duck Facebook!
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text:
Dolph's popularity has skyrocketed these past couple years and he is one of our most popular stars.
More Galleries from Bel Ami Online Click to see all 491 Galleries
There are 11 comments on this gallery
tisover9 November 19, 2011 - 10:05:47 (See all My Comments)
He is so fuckin hot this dudeReply
Starkin June 29, 2011 - 05:50:50 (See all My Comments)
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bike10 June 28, 2011 - 05:29:55 (See all My Comments)
A true sex god fro head to toe and in between.Reply
ManLicker June 28, 2011 - 03:16:56 (See all My Comments)
He would never have have to use his has again... for anything!Reply
thumbs June 28, 2011 - 02:00:47 (See all My Comments)
he is such a hot young man! love that big uncut cock! Yumm!Reply
joesman June 27, 2011 - 20:21:16 (See all My Comments)
One of the very best looking porn gods, ever!Reply
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Kyanimal June 27, 2011 - 19:03:22 (See all My Comments)
Dolph has been rocking my world since the first time I saw Him! And, according to "Animal's" continued reactions, He still does! ;-)Reply
zardoz June 27, 2011 - 18:38:42 (See all My Comments)
Dolph is just incredible, and has great asshole in 14 to boot. How I'd like to lick, suck, and eat it--not into fucking anyone, although I don't want to BE fucked, either. I love outside appuertenances (SP?)and would blow him anytime! Almost never--maybe never--seen such a handsome guy!Reply
footboy83 June 27, 2011 - 18:25:23 (See all My Comments)
Oh he is just divine, I would lick and suck those sexy feet for hours!Reply


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Joiner Fencing Kitchen Bathroom Handyman Plumbing Repairs Laminate Floors Decking
OCW Maintenance Services….We can do it all… with just one call…. Check out our website to see some of our work. Full house renovations (inside and out) Full Joinery services Laminate and real wood flooring (Supply & Fit or Fitting only) Kitchen Fit
77 miles | Cupar, Fife20 days ago


text:
Whooo! Whooo! I spy an owl!
We had a great time in our first week of Baby Stay & Play!
It's beginning to look like fall outside!
Hey library friends! A new week is here and we read all about squirrels in our Monday story times.
Dewey the Dragon and I (Miss Liz) had a great time reading all about farms with you this week!
Read the Library Newsletter


text:
The U.S. military is planning to elevate the role of Special Operations forces in Afghanistan as it shifts away from a combat focus to a mission that places greater emphasis on advising Afghan forces and raids to kill top insurgent leaders, senior U.S. officials said.
Initial steps in that direction are likely to take place in the next few months, when the Pentagon is expected to create a new two-star command that would oversee the entire Special Operations effort in Afghanistan. The new command would be led by Maj. Gen. Tony Thomas, the deputy commander of the military's Joint Special Operations Command, which oversees the military's elite counterterrorism forces around the world.