text:
Article ID: 2571525 - View products that this article applies to.
A Lync 2010 user who has only instant message (IM), and presence enabled double-clicks a contact to open a conversation window. In this situation, the user receives the following notification message:
Audio Join
As you selected, meeting audio was not automatically joined to this meeting. You can dial in using any phone or click the Call button to add audio. You can change your default audio join settings in Options under phones.
This issue occurs because an audio conference property is invoked unexpectedly when a conversation is initialized. Therefore the notification message is displayed when no audio device is detected.
To resolve this issue, install the following cumulative update:
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/2571543/ )Description of the cumulative update package for Lync 2010: July 2011
Important This section, method, or task contains steps that tell you how to modify the registry. However, serious problems might occur if you modify the registry incorrectly. Therefore, make sure that you follow these steps carefully. For added protection, back up the registry before you modify it. Then, you can restore the registry if a problem occurs. For more information about how to back up and restore the registry, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/322756/ )How to back up and restore the registry in Windows
To configure a Lync 2010 user to only have IM and presence enabled, use one of the following methods:
Article ID: 2571525 - Last Review: July 25, 2011 - Revision: 1.0
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A church in California will be mobilizing an estimated 10,000 volunteers to perform over 400 charitable service projects over the course of 48 hours, estimated to be worth over $2 million in billable labor and material.
Known as the "Weekend of Service", the multisite North Coast Church is doing a series of projects April 25-26 meant to benefit over 100 locations in six cities in North San Diego County.
Larry Osborne, pastor at North Coast Church, provided comments to The Christian Post in which he described some of the actions the volunteers will perform. more >>
International Justice Mission President and Founder Gary Haugen explains in a new Ted Talk that poverty remains in the world despite the decades-long fight against it because of a missing link, which he calls "The Locust Effect," also the title of his best-selling book.
"The fight against global poverty is probably the broadest, longest running manifestation of the human phenomenon of compassion in the history of our species," Haugen says in his 19 minute talk, titled "The hidden reason for poverty the world needs to address now," on the TED stage in Vancouver, Canada.
"So why, why are so many billions still stuck in such harsh poverty?" asks Haugen, who earlier served as the director of the U.N. investigation in the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide. more >>
The Florida mailman made famous for flying a gyrocopter onto the U.S. Capitol lawn in an effort to urge Congress to reform the campaign finance system recently admitted that he never feared being shot down by authorities.
"I don't know if that message didn't get through, but I made every effort to give them advance notice because I didn't want to get shot down and, thankfully, I wasn't," Doug Hughes, the pilot who flew the copter, told "Good Morning America" on Monday.
Hughes was arrested and faces four years in prison and fines. His flight was not detected, according to a North American Aerospace Defense Command spokesman. more >>
Editor's note: The Christian Post was invited by World Vision Zambia to meet with locals who've been impacted by the organization's water, sanitation and hygiene program. This is the first of a series of articles on that trip, which took place March 22-28.
Mira Buumba, 55, could have died. Or so it seemed when she became severely ill from a bout of diarrhea. Unable to take care of herself, much less do common household chores, Buumba's grandchildren had to skip school to help take care of her. Neither Ms. Buumba nor her family had any idea what had made her so gravely ill, further complicating the situation. They did not realize, until later, that the cause of her sickness was the very water that her family and neighbors had been using everyday to cook, clean and keep themselves hydrated.
"If you saw her photo you would be shocked," World Vision Zambia Communications Officer Collins Kaumba, serving as a guide and translator, said relating her previous condition. more >>
The California Supreme Court has instituted a policy that prohibits state judges from participating in the Boy Scouts of America because it doesn't allow openly gay adults to become troop leaders.
California Bans Judges From Participating in Boy Scouts Over Its Policy Prohibiting Gay Troop Leaders
Earlier this year the court voted unanimously to change the California Code of Judicial Ethics, removing an exemption allowing membership in youth organizations, such as the Boy Scouts, that it claims practice discrimination. more >>
A Texas organization that has investigated financial fraud in the American religious community is in the process of expanding their efforts globally.
The Dallas-based Trinity Foundation recently announced their plans to investigate religious fraud on a global scale following the release of research earlier this year indicating that religious fraud globally may total $100 billion in the next decade.
In a recently released statement, the Trinity Foundation noted that for 2015 alone it's estimated that international religious fraud will exceed donations to global missions. more >>

subset: commoncrawl


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|Martha Hull - cute and deadly art and stories
The singalong in the graveyard starts soon.
Bring cookies.
I'm Martha Hull, author, artist, necromancer.
I create cute and deadly art and stories. I make macabre little pictures and picture books.
There are a lot of cats.
Don't worry, the cats are not the ones who die.
Become one of us. Resistance is futile.
Emails contain Martha's art and story news, goodies like special computer wallpapers, and love. Unsubscribe easily at any time; addresses will never be shared or sold.


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Blog Archives
May 27th, 2010 at 7:13 pm
Wednesday Cable Ratings: Celtics/Magic NBA Playoff Averages 6.8 Million Viewers; "House Of Payne" & More
The Celtics/Magic NBA Playoff game was the top draw on cable Wednesday averaging just under 7 million viewers [...][Read-More]
May 27th, 2010 at 7:00 pm
Telefutura Delivers Best Sweep Performance In Network's History
via press release: TELEFUTURA DELIVERS BEST SWEEP PERFORMANCE IN NETWORK'S HISTORY DURING SPANISH-LANGUAGE PRIMETIME AMONG ADULTS 18-49, ADULTS 18-34 AND PERSONS 12-34[Read-More]
May 27th, 2010 at 6:57 pm
ABC Passes On 'Ghost Whisperer'
It was always a real longshot, but ABC has passed on picking up Ghost Whisperer after it was canceled by CBS.[Read-More]
May 27th, 2010 at 4:25 pm
It's Official! CBS Wins The 2009-10 Season In Viewers
via press release: IT'S OFFICIAL! CBS WINS THE 2009-2010 SEASON IN VIEWERS[Read-More]
May 27th, 2010 at 3:25 pm
Syfy Greenlights 3 New Series: Marcel's Quantum Kitchen, Paranormal Witness & Face Off
via press release: SYFY ANNOUNCES MAJOR EXPANSION OF REALITY PROGRAMMING, GREENLIGHTING THREE NEW SERIESMARCEL'S QUANTUM KITCHEN, PARANORMAL WITNESS AND FACE OFF[Read-More]
May 27th, 2010 at 3:05 pm
ABC Claims 5 of TV's Top 15 Programs for the Season in Adults 18-49
via press release: ABC Finishes No. 1 on Sunday for the 6th Straight May Sweep In Adults 18-49, and is No. 1 on[Read-More]
May 27th, 2010 at 3:00 pm
Cable News Ratings for Wednesday, May 26, 2010
The day's cable news TV ratings.[Read-More]
May 27th, 2010 at 1:42 pm
ABC Daytime Ratings: 'One Life To Live', 'General Hospital', 'The View' & More
via press release: ABC is Daytime's No. 1 Network with Women 18-49[Read-More]


text:
|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|19 Abr 2007
|Fecha de presentación
|19 Oct 2005
|Fecha de prioridad
|19 Oct 2005
|También publicado como
|Número de publicación
|Allen Wyler, Bradford Gliner
|Cesionario original
|Allen Wyler, Gliner Bradford E
|Exportar cita
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citada por (59), Clasificaciones (12), Eventos legales (2)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
The present invention is directed generally toward methods and systems for improving neural functioning, including cognitive functioning. In particular embodiments, the methods and systems can be used to address neglect disorders.
A wide variety of mental and physical processes are known to be controlled or influenced by neural activity in particular regions of the brain. In some areas of the brain, such as in the sensory or motor cortices, the organization of the brain resembles a map of the human body; this is referred to as the "somatotopic organization of the brain." There are several other areas of the brain that appear to have distinct functions that are located in specific regions of the brain in most individuals. For example, areas of the occipital lobes relate to vision, regions of the left inferior frontal lobes relate to language in the majority of people, and regions of the cerebral cortex appear to be consistently involved with conscious awareness, memory, and intellect. This type of location-specific functional organization of the brain, in which discrete locations of the brain are statistically likely to control particular mental or physical functions in normal individuals, is herein referred to as the "functional organization of the brain."
Many problems or abnormalities with body functions can be caused by damage, disease and/or disorders of the brain. A stroke, for example, is one very common condition that damages the brain. Strokes are generally caused by emboli (e.g., obstruction of a vessel), hemorrhages (e.g., rupture of a vessel), or thrombi (e.g., clotting) in the vascular system of a specific region of the cortex, which in turn generally causes a loss or impairment of a neural function (e.g., neural functions related to face muscles, limbs, speech, etc.). Stroke patients are typically treated using physical therapy to rehabilitate the loss of function of a limb or another affected body part. For most patients, little can be done to improve the function of the affected limb beyond the recovery that occurs naturally without intervention.
One existing physical therapy technique for treating stroke patients constrains or restrains the use of a working body part of the patient to force the patient to use the affected body part. For example, the loss of use of a limb is treated by restraining the other limb. Although this type of physical therapy has shown some experimental efficacy, it is expensive, time-consuming and little-used. Stroke patients can also be treated using physical therapy plus adjunctive therapies. For example, some types of drugs, including amphetamines, increase the activation of neurons in general. These drugs also appear to enhance neural networks. However, these drugs may have limited efficacy because their mechanisms of action are very non-selective and they cannot be delivered in high concentrations directly at the site where they are needed. Still another approach is to apply electrical stimulation to the brain to promote the recovery of functionality lost as a result of a stroke. While this approach has been generally effective, it has not adequately addressed all stroke symptoms.
One common syndrome following a stroke is neglect. Neglect is a cognitive defect that causes patients to lose cognizance of portions of their surroundings and/or themselves. Most frequently, neglect results from damage to the right (i.e., non-language) hemisphere of the brain, and affects the contralesional side of the patient and/or the patient's perception of his or her contralesional surroundings. For example, patients demonstrating neglect may fail to be aware of objects (including their own body parts) or people in the left half of the space around them. Patients suffering from neglect may fail to spontaneously move their eyes to the left, even though such movements are possible for the patient during formal testing. Patients may examine only half of a page presented before them, may be unable to bisect a line at its middle, may copy only half of a drawing positioned before them, may fail to groom the left side of their faces or heads, and/or may exhibit other such symptoms.
In many cases, the patient may be unaware of the fact that he or she exhibits the foregoing symptoms (i.e., if they are unaware of their paretic left arm they may deny any problem). Accordingly, treating neglect is often difficult because the patient is not motivated by the physically manifested reminders of the condition, though such reminders would appear to be continual and obvious to an observer. Therefore, there is a need to develop more effective and efficient treatments for rehabilitating stroke patients and patients that have other types of brain damage and/or can otherwise benefit from an improvement in cognitive functioning.
A. Introduction
The present invention is directed generally toward methods and systems for improving neural functioning, including cognitive functioning. A method in a particular aspect of the invention is directed to treating a patient by applying electrical stimulation beneath the patient's skull to improve neuropsychological functioning of the patient. After applying the electrical stimulation, the process can further include evaluating the functioning of the patient. Based at least in part on the results of the evaluation, the method can still further include changing and/or maintaining at least one parameter in accordance with which the electrical stimulation is applied, and/or ceasing to apply the electrical stimulation.
In further particular embodiments, the method can include selecting at least one type of cognitive functioning and, based at least in part on the selected type of cognitive functioning, selecting a target neural population to which the electrical stimulation is directed. The electrical stimulation can be applied at or beneath the patient's cortex and in at least some embodiments, can be applied to the parietal lobe of the brain. Electrical stimulation can be provided to improve the patient's memory, effectuate a lasting change in the patient's cognitive functioning, and/or be applied to a patient having a perceptual disorder. In other embodiments, electrical stimulation can be provided to a patient having generally normal cognitive functioning. In still further embodiments, electrical stimulation can be provided to improve a neuropsychiatric functioning of the patient.
In yet another embodiment, a method for treating a patient having a neglect disorder can include applying electromagnetic stimulation to the patient's brain to at least partially reduce the effects of the neglect disorder. The method can further include determining a severity of the neglect disorder by administering a neglect test to the patient after applying the electromagnetic stimulation. Based at least in part on the results of the neglect test, the method can further include changing at least one parameter in accordance with which the electromagnetic stimulation is applied, or ceasing to apply the electromagnetic stimulation, or both.
B. Methods for Improving a Patient's Functioning
Process portion 108 can include evaluating the functioning of the patient after the electrical stimulation has been applied. Based at least in part on the results of the evaluation, process portion 110 can include determining whether additional stimulation with the same stimulation parameters is potentially beneficial. If so, then the process returns to process portion 104. If not, then in process portion 112, it can be determined whether additional stimulation with different parameters may be potentially beneficial. If so, then in process portion 114 at least one of the stimulation parameters can be changed, and the process can return to process portion 104 for application of additional electrical stimulation to the patient. If not, then in process portion 116, the electrical stimulation ceases.
C. Identifying a Stimulation Site
In particular embodiments, one or more target neural population 131 can be selected based on past experience with patients presenting with similar symptoms. For example, if over the course of time, it is determined that stimulating the superior parietal lobe 126 is particularly effective for treating one or more types of neglect, electrical stimulation can be applied at this location in patients exhibiting the corresponding symptom(s). In other embodiments, selecting a set of target neural populations 131 can be performed on a patient-specific (e.g., patient-by-patient) basis. For example, the particular portion of the brain that benefits from electrical stimulation may vary from patient to patient, even for patients presenting with similar or identical symptoms. In such cases, techniques can be used to identify the areas of the brain well suited for electrical stimulation for each individual patient. In many instances, this process can include (a) providing a stimulus that causes the patient to exhibit a problematic symptom, and then (b) simultaneously identifying areas of the brain that are either active, or are inactive, but should be active. Accordingly, identifying target stimulation areas can include (a) identifying lesioned or other damaged areas, (b) identifying areas adjacent or proximate to the damaged areas, and/or (c) identifying other areas expected to assume, at least in part, the functions of a damaged area, or otherwise improve the functionality of the patient.
Because the system 140 tends to be loud and confined, it may be difficult to provide the peripheral stimulus and/or gauge the patient's response to the peripheral stimulus while the patient is in the system chamber. In some instances, the stimulus can include asking the patient a question (via a headset, speaker system or other peripheral stimulation device), and the patient can respond verbally via a microphone system. In other instances, for example, when the stimulus is of a more complex visual nature, the patient may be outfitted with another type of peripheral stimulation device. Referring now to
In other embodiments, other techniques, such as EEG techniques, can be used to identify the activity in the patient's brain while the patient responds to a stimulus.
In other embodiments, other techniques can be used to locate areas of the brain at which electrical stimulation may provide a benefit. Such techniques can include magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) techniques (which can identify the presence and relative levels of particular neurochemical species) to identify neurotransmitter imbalances or states associated with neuropsychiatric and/or other disorders, PET techniques, optical tomography techniques, and/or other techniques. In any of these embodiments, various techniques can be used to identify areas (e.g., neuroplastic areas) that can take over functions for other brain areas, improve on an existing level of functioning, and/or otherwise provide a benefit to the patient, as a direct or indirect result of electrical stimulation.
D. Applying Electrical Stimulation
Once the electrical stimulation site or sites have been identified, an electrical stimulation device may be positioned at a location to provide electrical stimulation to the selected sites.
The electrode device 701 can be coupled to a pulse system 710 with a communication link 703. The communication link 703 can include one or more leads, depending (for example) upon the number of electrodes 750 carried by the electrode device 701. The pulse system 710 can direct electrical signals to the electrode device 701 to stimulate target neural tissues.
The pulse system 710 can be implanted at a subclavicular location, as shown in
In one embodiment, the integrated controller 713 can include a processor, a memory, and a programmable computer medium. The integrated controller 713, for example, can be a microcomputer, and the programmable computer medium can include software loaded into the memory of the computer, and/or hardware that performs the requisite control functions. In another embodiment identified by dashed lines in
The integrated controller 713 is operatively coupled to, and provides control signals to, the pulse generator 716, which may include a plurality of channels that send appropriate electrical pulses to the pulse transmitter 717. The pulse generator 716 may have multiple channels, with at least one channel associated with a particular one of the electrodes 750 described above. The pulse generator 716 sends appropriate electrical pulses to the pulse transmitter 717, which is coupled to a plurality of the electrodes 750 (
The pulse system 710 can be programmed and operated to adjust a wide variety of stimulation parameters, for example, which electrodes are active and inactive, whether electrical stimulation is provided in a unipolar or bipolar manner, and/or how the stimulation signals are varied. In particular embodiments, the pulse system 710 can be used to control the polarity, frequency, duty cycle, amplitude, and/or spatial and/or temporal qualities of the stimulation. The stimulation can be varied to match naturally occurring burst patterns (e.g., theta burst stimulation), and/or the stimulation can be varied in a predetermined, pseudorandom, and/or a periodic manner at one or more times and/or locations. Various systems and/or procedures for providing and/or varying neural stimulation in manners that may be relevant to particular embodiments of the invention are described in detail in U.S. application Ser. No. 11/182,713, entitled "Systems and Methods for Enhancing or Affecting Neural Stimulation, Efficiency and/or Efficacy, filed on Jul. 15, 2005, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
E. Adjunctive Therapies
A given treatment regimen may also include, in addition to electrical stimulation, one or more adjunctive or synergistic therapies to facilitate enhanced symptomatic relief and/or at least partial recovery from neurological dysfunctions. An adjunctive or synergistic therapy may include a behavioral therapy, such as a physical therapy activity, a movement and/or balance exercise, an activity of daily living (ADL), a vision exercise, a reading exercise, a speech task, a memory or concentration task, a visualization or imagination exercise, an auditory activity, an olfactory activity, a relaxation activity, and/or another type of behavior, task or activity. When a patient is being treated for neglect, the patient may undertake tasks that specifically engage a transition from a perceived region into a neglected region. For example, therapy may include applying stimulation while the patient tracks a light from a portion of the right extrapersonal space to the left extrapersonal space. In another embodiment, the patient may track a somatic simulation from right to left relative to his or her body, or drag a block from right to left to hit a target (e.g., on a display device). Further examples of representative adjunctive therapies are disclosed by Tripathi et al. in a paper entitled, "Rehabilitation of patients with hemispatial neglect using visual-haptic feedback in virtual reality environment," (International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction HCII, 2005), incorporated herein by reference. In other embodiments, the adjunctive therapy can include the introduction of a drug or other chemical substance into the patient's body. The adjunctive therapy can be provided before, during and/or after the electrical stimulation during a given treatment session. When the adjunctive therapy is provided before or after the electrical stimulation, the temporal spacing between the electrical stimulation and the adjunctive therapy can be selected to provide a desired effect. In any of these embodiments, the relative timing between the electrical stimulation portion of the treatment regimen and the adjunctive therapy portion of the treatment regimen can be controlled and/or altered during the course of the treatment regimen.
The particular adjunctive therapy selected can depend upon the symptoms the particular patient exhibits. For example, if the patient exhibits spatial neglect, the selected adjunctive therapy may be different than if the patient exhibits another cognitive defect (e.g., memory loss). In some instances, the adjunctive therapy can be similar or at least partially similar to an evaluation technique that may be performed to gauge the severity level of the patient's dysfunction. For example, if a patient performs a bells cancellation test as an evaluation technique for determining the severity of a spatial neglect dysfunction, the patient may engage in a similar or identical exercise as part of an adjunctive therapy. In any of these embodiments, it is believed that the adjunctive therapy can improve on and/or make more permanent the results obtained from applying electrical stimulation alone.
In another particular example, a patient suffering from neglect can have electrical stimulation applied at the cortex (e.g., at the right parietal lobe) and possibly other central nervous system locations (a) while stimulating the neglected parts of the body, or (b) while the patient tries to use or move those body parts, and/or (c) while a practitioner passively moves those body parts. The cortical stimulation can be performed independently of, simultaneously with, or in a temporally sequenced manner (e.g., based upon an estimated or measured neural signaling latency) with sensory stimulation and/or peripheral stimulation (e.g., Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)) to strengthen neural signaling input to healthy or surviving brain tissue. For visual neglect, the cortical stimulation can be applied to surviving areas around and/or associated with (e.g., having neural projections into) the occipital visual cortex, while the sensory stimulation can be provided visually.
F. Evaluating the Functioning of the Patient
At periodic intervals during the course of a treatment regimen, the patient's level of functioning can be evaluated. In some instances, for example, if the adjunctive therapy applied to the patient includes an evaluative test, the evaluation can be conducted during each therapy session by tracking patient performance on the test. In other embodiments, the evaluation can be provided on a less frequent basis and/or via other techniques.
As described above, one method for performing an evaluation is to administer a symptom-specific type of test. Such a test can include a bells cancellation test for neglect or other tests for other specific symptoms, including other cognitive deficits such as memory deficits. In many of these tests, the evaluation includes, and is based at least in part on, an active motor response by the patient. For example, if the patient is instructed to draw an object, identify objects, or respond verbally to a query, the response includes a motor response as well as a cognitive response. The nature of the test can be focused on the cognitive response and, to the extent the patient has motor deficits in addition to cognitive deficits, the test results can be segregated into cognitive-based results and motor-based results so that each can be tracked independently.
In other embodiments, the patient's functioning can be evaluated by evaluating a physiologic function that corresponds to a neuropsychological functioning level of the patient. Such an evaluation can be based on changes in neurotransmitter levels (e.g., using MRS), or changes in cerebral blood flow or other parameters that correlate with neural functioning. For example, a cognitively dysfunctional patient may exhibit a relatively small change in cerebral blood flow (at the appropriate brain location) when engaging in a cognitive task, while a more fully functioning patient may exhibit a larger change in cerebral blood flow. Accordingly, identifying a difference between cerebral blood flow at one or more times, or the difference between a small change in cerebral blood flow and a large change in cerebral blood flow can indicate an improvement in cognitive functioning. In other embodiments, other physiological changes (e.g., changes in neuronal signals) or differences in changes can provide similar information. Further details regarding such techniques are described in the following copending patent applications, filed concurrently herewith, and incorporated herein by reference: U.S. application Ser. No. ______, titled "Methods and Systems for Establishing Parameters for Neural Stimulation" (Attorney Docket No. 33734.8079US) and U.S. application Ser. No. ______, titled "Neural Stimulation and Optical Monitoring Systems and Method" (Attorney Docket No. 33734.8084US).
The type of evaluation technique selected for a given patient may depend at least in part on the nature of the electrical stimulation device implanted in the patient. For example, in some cases, magnetic resonance techniques such as fMRI can be used to identify and/or evaluate neural changes associated with the patient's level of functioning. If the patient is to undergo evaluation while in a magnetic resonance chamber, the practitioner first establishes that the electrical stimulation device is compatible with such techniques, and does not create unwanted electromagnetic or thermal effects in the patient's brain. If it is expected that the patient will undergo exposure to strong magnetic fields, the practitioner may elect to implant stimulation devices (e.g., a magnetic resonance compatible IPG, and/or one or more microstimulators such as BIONS™ (Advanced Bionics Corporation, Sylmar, Calif.)) that are compatible with magnetic fields found in magnetic resonance environments. In other embodiments, other techniques can be used to evaluate the patient's functionality level without subjecting the patient to strong magnetic fields. For example, functional optical imaging, and/or EEG using an electrode or sensor net similar to that described above with reference to
G. Changing Test Parameters at Least in Part on the Basis of the Evaluation
In some instances, the results of the foregoing evaluation can have a direct or indirect effect on the selection of parameters for electrically stimulating the patient. For example, if the evaluation indicates that the patient's performance is improving at an expected rate, the stimulation parameters need not be changed. If the evaluation indicates that the patient's progress has leveled off, one or more stimulation parameters may be changed to further increase patient functioning. If, after multiple parameter changes, no further change in patient functioning results, the electrical stimulation program can be interrupted for a given time period (e.g., a number of weeks over which neural consolidation may occur), or halted.
Any of a wide variety of stimulation parameters can be changed to expand upon and/or solidify the functional gains experienced by the patient. Such parameters can include the polarity of the electrical stimulation (e.g., anodal or cathodal), the manner in which the stimulation is applied (e.g., bipolar or monopolar), the location of the stimulation, and/or the waveform of the stimulation. For example, the current, voltage, frequency, pulse width, interpulse interval and/or other waveform-related functions can be changed to improve patient gains. Representative ranges for these parameters include: pulse widths from 50-300 μ/sec, frequencies from 1-200 Hz, current from 2-10 mA, voltage from 2-15V and interpulse intervals from 1-1000 msec. Also, to reduce any effect that neural adaptation and/or habituation may have on clinical benefit, random variations in parameters may be programmed into the pulse delivery system. The location at which the stimulation signals are provided may be changed by activating different electrodes on a particular electrode device, (e.g., using a device generally similar to the one described below with reference to
H. Electronic Devices in Accordance with Further Embodiments
Stimulation can be provided to the patient using devices in addition to or in lieu of those described above. For example,
Further details of electrode devices that may be suitable for electromagnetic stimulation in accordance with other embodiments of the invention are described in the following pending U.S. Patent Applications, all of which are incorporated herein by reference: Ser. No. 10/891,834, filed Jul. 15, 2004; Ser. No. 10/418,796, filed Apr. 18, 2003; and Ser. No. 09/802,898, filed Mar. 8, 2001. Further devices and related methods for providing neural stimulation and adjunctive therapy are described in a copending U.S. application Ser. No. ______, titled "Systems and Methods for Patient Interactive Neural Stimulation and/or Chemical Substance Delivery," (Attorney Docket No. 33734.8082US) filed concurrently herewith and incorporated herein by reference.
In still further embodiments, other techniques may be used to provide stimulation to the patient's brain. Such techniques can include electromagnetic techniques in addition to purely electrical techniques. In particular, such techniques can include transcranial magnetic stimulation techniques, which do not require that an electrode be implanted beneath the patient's skull. In still further embodiments, other techniques, which also may not require an implant, can be used. Such additional techniques can include transcranial direct current stimulation.
One feature of several embodiments of the methods and devices described above is that they can be used to improve the neuropsychological functioning of a patient. For example, by selecting a set of stimulation site based on historic data and/or the characteristics of a specific patient, and then providing electrical stimulation at one or more stimulation sites, possibly in association or conjunction with one or more adjunctive therapies (in which a type of adjunctive therapy selected may correspond to a stimulation site under consideration), a long-lasting change in the patient's neuropsychological functioning can be achieved. The long-lasting change can last for many weeks, months, or years, while the application of the treatment may be provided over a significantly shorter period of time (e.g., over a single period or temporally separated periods of about three weeks, about six weeks, or about two to eight weeks).
Another feature of embodiments of the methods and devices described above is that they can include updating the parameters with which stimulation is applied to the patient, based on an evaluation of the patient. The evaluation can include a test (e.g., a cognitive test), or another suitable evaluation of the patient's level of functioning. Accordingly, a given therapy program can be changed dynamically to account for individual patient performance.
The foregoing techniques can be applied to patients having a wide variety of neuropsychological dysfunctions. Such dysfunctions include neglect dysfunctions, which can in turn include unilateral neglect (e.g., sensory neglect, motor neglect, representational neglect, personal neglect, or spatial neglect). In other embodiments, other perceptual and/or cognitive disorders can be treated using these techniques. Such disorders can relate to the patient's vision (e.g., visual field cut, cortical blindness, or central achromatopsia), or loss of tactile and/or other sensations (hemianesthesia, Balint's syndrome, sensory extinction, and others). These disorders may arise in connection with a stroke, other brain lesion, or other brain trauma.
Any of the foregoing techniques can be used to treat a patient having a neurological dysfunction (e.g., a neglect dysfunction, and/or another cognitive dysfunction). In other embodiments, the foregoing techniques can be applied to patients functioning at normal levels or above normal levels to further improve patient functioning. In still further embodiments, techniques generally similar to the foregoing techniques can be used to address neuropsychiatric disorders, including but not limited to depression or post-traumatic stress disorder. In these embodiments, the methods used to identify stimulation sites and track patient progress may be selected to focus on neuropsychiatric indicators. Such methods can include identifying cortical areas, subcortical areas, and/or associated neural projections that may exhibit and/or influence (e.g., as a result of neural stimulation) neurotransmitter levels which, as described above, can be identified using MRS techniques.
In still further embodiments, techniques generally similar to those described above can be used to treat other disorders or functional deficits. For example, such techniques can be used to treat learning disabilities and/or dyslexia. In other instances, the disorders described above may result from conditions other than those described above. For example, while neglect is often associated with stroke patients, it may also result from plaque formations (associated with Alzheimer's disease) or neurodepletion (associated with Parkinson's disease).
From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein for purposes of illustration, but that various modifications may be made without deviating from the invention. For example, certain aspects of the methods described above may be automated or partially automated, and may be implemented on computer systems and/or via computer-readable media. In particular embodiments, aspects of the stimulation site selection procedure and/or the evaluation procedure can be automated in such a fashion. Aspects of the invention described in the context of particular embodiments may be combined or eliminated in other embodiments. For example, in some cases a treatment regimen can proceed without an adjunctive therapy. Although advantages associated with certain embodiments of the invention have been described in the context of those embodiments, other embodiments may also exhibit such advantages. Additionally, none of the foregoing embodiments need necessarily exhibit such advantages to fall within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not limited except as by the appended claims.
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|Synchronization of vagus nerve stimulation with the cardiac cycle of a patient
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|Method, apparatus and system for bipolar charge utilization during stimulation by an implantable medical device
|10 Mar 2009
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|4 Jun 2012
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|Nasophlex B.V.
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|10 Sep 2013
|Lisiak 1 B.V.
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|Flint Hills Scientific, Llc
|Detecting, assessing and managing extreme epileptic events
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|Microburst electrical stimulation of cranial nerves for the treatment of medical conditions
|15 Sep 2008
|24 Dic 2013
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Methods and systems for detecting a bioactive agent effect
|18 Jun 2009
|28 Ene 2014
|Nasophlex B.V.
|Ear stimulator for producing a stimulation signal to an ear
|10 Mar 2009
|25 Feb 2014
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|Microburst electrical stimulation of cranial nerves for the treatment of medical conditions
|26 Nov 2008
|25 Mar 2014
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Methods and systems for presenting a combination treatment
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|1 Abr 2014
|Flint Hills Scientific Llc
|Detecting, assessing and managing epilepsy using a multi-variate, metric-based classification analysis
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|6 May 2014
|Advanced Neuromodulation Systems, Inc.
|Methods and systems for intracranial neurostimulation and/or sensing
|10 Mar 2009
|27 May 2014
|Catholic Healthcare West
|Synchronization of vagus nerve stimulation with the cardiac cycle of a patient
|6 Sep 2013
|1 Jul 2014
|Nasophlex B.V.
|Resuscitation device and method for resuscitation
|1 Dic 2010
|8 Jul 2014
|Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne
|Microfabricated surface neurostimulation device and methods of making and using the same
|6 Sep 2013
|15 Jul 2014
|Nasophlex B.V.
|Resuscitation device and method for resuscitation
|29 Jul 2009
|22 Jul 2014
|Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl)
|Apparatus and method for optimized stimulation of a neurological target
|12 Nov 2009
|22 Jul 2014
|Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne
|Microfabricated neurostimulation device
|23 Abr 2013
|28 Oct 2014
|Cyberonics, Inc.
|Neurostimulation with signal duration determined by a cardiac cycle
|6 Jun 2008
|4 Nov 2014
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Combination treatment modification methods and systems
|18 Jun 2009
|16 Dic 2014
|Nasophlex B.V.
|Nose stimulator for producing a stimulation signal to a nose
|19 Abr 2007
|6 Ene 2015
|Advanced Neuromodulation Systems, Inc.
|Methods for establishing parameters for neural stimulation, including via performance of working memory tasks, and associated kits
|12 Sep 2008
|6 Ene 2015
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Methods and systems for detecting a bioactive agent effect
|29 Oct 2008
|5 May 2015
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Methods and systems for presenting a combination treatment
|15 Mar 2013
|16 Jun 2015
|Cyberonics, Inc.
|Optimization of cranial nerve stimulation to treat seizure disorderse during sleep
|3 Jul 2008
|23 Jun 2015
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Methods and systems for monitoring bioactive agent use
|26 Jun 2014
|7 Jul 2015
|Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne
|Apparatus and method for optimized stimulation of a neurological target
|25 Nov 2013
|18 Ago 2015
|Dignity Health
|Microburst electrical stimulation of cranial nerves for the treatment of medical conditions
|30 Sep 2002
|8 May 2003
|Vertis Neuroscience, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for electrically stimulating cells implanted in the nervous system
|15 Jul 2004
|7 Abr 2005
|Lowry David Warren
|Methods and systems for intracranial neurostimulation and/or sensing
|12 Nov 2004
|18 May 2006
|Brad Fowler
|Electrode configurations for reducing invasiveness and/or enhancing neural stimulation efficacy, and associated methods
|19 Abr 2007
|15 Nov 2007
|Northstar Neuroscience, Inc.
|Methods for establishing parameters for neural stimulation, including via performance of working memory tasks, and associated kits
|24 Abr 2008
|29 Oct 2009
|Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware
|Combination treatment selection methods and systems
|16 Ene 2009
|22 Jul 2010
|Northstar Neuroscience, Inc.
|Methods and systems for establishing, adjusting, and/or modulating parameters for neural stimulation based on functional and/or structural measurements
|1 Jul 2008
|21 Ene 2009
|Commissariat A L'energie Atomique
|Multiple-electrode probe and system for deep brain stimulation including such a probe
|17 Abr 2009
|22 Oct 2009
|Medtronic, Inc.
|Therapy target selection for psychiatric disorder therapy
|6 Abr 2010
|7 Oct 2010
|Neuronix Ltd.
|Method and system for neurological treatment
|28 Abr 2010
|4 Nov 2010
|Biophysica Llc
|Methods and systems for targeting, dosing and conducting neuronal stimulation protocols and detecting responses
|Clasificación de EE.UU.
|607/46, 607/1
|Clasificación internacional
|Clasificación cooperativa
|Clasificación europea
|9 Dic 2005
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text: Social Journalism Study 2013 – UK Results November 7, 2013/3 Comments/in Blog Posts, Influencers, Infographic, journalism, Online Marketing, Resources Promotion, Social Media Index, social media marketing, Technology, Top Lists, Twitter, Whitepapers /by Priyanka Dayal Download the full version of the UK Social Journalism Study. Struggle to keep up with the latest PR news? Get a fortnightly news round-up delivered straight to your inbox First Name* Last Name* Email*


text:
"We have tried to play them, and I didn't feel like they were very successful, so that's really where the work is, to try to not just play them, because as notes and things go, it's not hard to play, but it's hard to find where is the dynamic in some of that stuff,†Coyne said. "It's tough.â€
Coyne is fully aware that "The Soft Bulletin†represented a crucial turning point in The Flaming Lips' career and remains one their biggest fan favorites, so he wants to get it right.
"If that one hadn't been as successful or revered as it is, I don't know what we would've made of ourselves,†he said. "I think we felt this strange confidence that we should just do this music, this art, this sound, this thing that we wanted to do, and not give a s---. And part of us was very defeated and insecure, thinking that maybe perhaps this is the end of our group. ... We started in '83, so by the time you get to 1999, we'd been around a long time, even by then.â€
It took about a year for "The Soft Bulletin†to really start catching on with critics and longtime fans, and when it started attracting new followers, the Lips knew the ride was far from over.
"And then it started to really snowball,†Coyne said. "Like, 'Hey, you know, this is one of those records.' And that's really what set us on to where we are, even now. I think without that thing happening, I think we could have easily disappeared into just being some weirdos that make interesting music in their living rooms and not be this band that plays and makes records and goes all around the world now.â€
This year marks the completion of the Oklahoma City band's 20-year contract with Warner Bros. Records, and a renewal of the Lips' association with the label is in the works that would have them releasing one or more songs per month on the Internet until they have enough to release a full album in digital and physical formats.
"And I think we're going to try to tie in a video with each one that ends up being like a bigger conceptual movie in the end, so it sounds like a lot of fun,†he said. "I mean, to me, when I hear stuff like that, I'm like, 'Cool, let's do it, I can't wait.' For me, I still love albums. Put on a record, and for 30 minutes you're in this other world.â€
As for tonight's show, the Lips will transform Cox Convention Center into an otherworldly environment of giant multicolored balloons, blizzards of confetti, rainbow lasers, sparkling mirror balls and, of course, music that frees the heart and mind to soar.
"We realize that by the time you get to 2:30 in the morning, people — especially on New Year's Eve — can be a little bit zonked out,†Coyne said. "So I don't know, that's what you do. Either way, you have to play it as though it's a great show, and whether people can comprehend it is another thing.
"But I want people to come to this thing. Like, come on, people!â€


text: Last visited this resort in 2002. My wife and I arrived early evening for a fortnight's stay, through a time-share arrangement, on 21 September. We stayed in Apartment 220, a single-bed roomed unit. The apartment was quite excellent; large light with kitchenette off the lounge. The bedroom had two divans that made up into a most comfortable king sized bed.... More


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On August 3, 2015, the California Supreme Court issued its long-awaited arbitration decision in Sanchez v. Valencia Holding Co., LLC, No. B228027. The Court held that the arbitration provision found in a standard form auto finance and sales contract widely used by auto dealerships and lenders throughout California is not unconscionable. Not surprisingly, the Court acknowledged the recent U.S. Supreme Court authority holding that the Federal Arbitration Act ("FAA") preempts conflicting state law, and affirmed that California law must now recognize the enforceability of class action waivers contained in arbitration provisions under the FAA. Nevertheless, arbitration provisions can be rendered unenforceable, depending on a fact intensive analysis of unconscionability. The Court refused to apply a uniform, bright-line standard. The ruling is unlikely to stem the tide of litigation over the enforceability of arbitration provisions in high stakes class action litigation.
Court Severs Term But Otherwise Enforces Arbitration Provision With A Class Action Waiver
In a victory for Sheppard Mullin and its client, in Trabert v. Consumer Portfolio Serv., Inc., __ Cal. App. 4th. __, 2015 WL 880949 (4th Dist. Mar. 3, 2015), the California Court of Appeal compelled arbitration and enforced a class action waiver after severing an arbitration term. Continue Reading
CFPB Issues Compliance Bulletin On Confidentiality of Supervisory Information
On January 27, 2015, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB") issued a compliance bulletin reminding supervised financial institutions (including large depository institutions, credit unions and their affiliates, certain nonbanks, and service providers) of existing regulatory requirements regarding confidential supervisory information. In this article we (i) explain the definition of confidential supervisory information; (ii) discuss exceptions to the non-disclosure rule; and (iii) offer tips for ensuring compliance. Continue Reading
No Change Of Position, No Estoppel
Under California Law, a party seeking to defeat the statute of frauds based on promissory estoppel must allege an actual change in position. In Jones v. Wachovia Bank, 230 Cal.App.4th 935 (2014), the California Court of Appeal affirmed a trial court's dismissal of plaintiffs' claims for breach of oral promises to postpone a foreclosure sale after concluding plaintiffs could not establish detrimental reliance or injury under the doctrine of promissory estoppel.
CFPB Has Authority to Bring Actions Against a Non-Depository Institution's Related Persons; Are Payday Lenders Next?
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act grants to the U.S. Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (the "CFPB") the power to bring actions against "related persons" of non-depository institutions. A related person is defined to mean:
Does A Consumer's Exercise of a Rescission Right Mean that the Loan Is Automatically Rescinded? Perhaps Not, According to One Federal Court, If the Consumer Does Not Also File a Lawsuit for Rescission
In Baker v. Bank of America, N.A., No. 5:13-CV-92-F, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 9578 (E.D.N.C. Jan. 27, 2014), the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina held that even if a consumer timely exercises his or her right to rescind a loan transaction under the Truth in Lending Act (TILA), 15 U.S.C. § 1601, et. seq. — i.e., during the three-day statutory "cooling-off" period — that exercise does not automatically cause the loan to be rescinded. Rather, the court held, if a consumer's notice of rescission is met with silence by the lender, the consumer must also file a lawsuit in order to complete the rescission before the statute of limitations expires (in this case, the statute of limitations was determined to be four years). The Baker case provides a thorough interpretation of the effect of the statutory three-day "cooling-off" period, for which, it was noted in the decision, case law is "exceedingly sparse."
Some QM Relief in Sight? CFPB Proposes Amendment to QM Rule Which Will Permit Creditors to Cure Inadvertent QM Violations Through Refunding Excess Points and Fees
The Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (the "CFPB") announced April 30 that it is proposing amendments to Regulation Z that will, among other things, permit a creditor that believes in good faith that it has made a qualified mortgage ("QM") loan and learns afterwards that the loan exceeded the applicable limit on points and fees to refund to the consumer the amount by which the points and fees exceeded the limit, and have the loan retain its QM status. The proposal would require that the refund be made not later than 120 days following consummation of the loan. The proposal would also require the creditor to maintain and follow policies and procedures for post-consummation review of loans and refunding to consumers amounts that exceed the applicable limit.
If It's Not In Writing, It Didn't Happen: Oral Promises To Modify A Loan Are Not Enforceable
A recent decision issued by the California Court of Appeal will make it more difficult for plaintiffs seeking to avoid foreclosure. In Rossberg v. Bank of America, N.A., 219 Cal.App.4th 1481 (4th Dist. 2013), the California Court of Appeal affirmed a trial court's dismissal of plaintiffs' claims of oral promises to modify a loan.
SEC Announces 2014 Examination Priorities for Investment Advisers
On January 9, 2014, the Securities and Exchange Commission released its examination priorities for 2014 (the "2014 Exam Priorities Release"), covering a wide range of issues at financial institutions, including investment advisers and investment companies, hedge funds and private equity funds. The 2014 Exam Priorities Release highlights a number of areas and key risks that the SEC will be monitoring and examining in 2014. The SEC has identified the following core risk areas for investment advisers:
The End Is In Sight? Deutsche Bank Claims Victory In Defense Of A Repurchase Claim Based Upon Statute Of Limitations
A unit of Deutsche Bank won dismissal of a suit brought by mortgage bond investors after a New York state appeals court determined the claims for loan repurchase and indemnity were subject to a six-year statute of limitations that began to run when the deal to purchase the loans closed. This decision may limit new suits by investors who allege that their claims don't accrue – and that therefore the statute of limitations does not begin to run – until the claim is discovered or the seller of the loan refuses to repurchase it or provide indemnification.


text:
This rough guide is hopefully going to reduce the threads about 'why doesn't my XXXXX work'
You need a combination of things to get going, and it depends on your PC and 360 setup - everyone's is different! One setup will work for someone, on someone else's it won't!
This is all about patience - don't rush into installing XBR etc or uncrippling without having a bit of a read around. This forum section (Hacking) is a good place to start. And don't forget about the SEARCH button!
First things first - YOU MUST BACKUP YOUR NAND! (and by backup I mean at least 2 good copies) Get this right first, before getting carried away and turning your beloved crippled/pre 8XXX kernel 360 into a paperweight! You won't know for sure if your kernel is exploitable until you have done this if you're going the homebrew route.
1. NAND Dumping.
Common materials needed for LPT dumping:
A. Printer cable or 25 pin Dsub hood.
B. 100ohm resistors, or lesser value ones (30/50/68ohms) or none - depends on your PC LPT port.
C. Switching Diode or not, again depending on your PC/360
D. Soldering iron - 15-20w
E. Solder
F. Flux
G. PRACTICE AND PATIENCE. Do not rush straight in - have a go on a broken pcb you've got kicking around.
Programs Needed:
A. NandPro 2.0B (Not 2.0 or 2.0A)
B. 360 FlashTool
C. A hex editor
D. Degraded
Guides to doing this:
NAND dumping wiring for ALL VERSION motherboards : http://forums.xbox-s...p;#entry4523337
My tut: http://forums.xbox-s...howtopic=697231
More permenant way of fixing LPT cable: http://forums.xbox-s...howtopic=691873
Common Problems:
1. No Flash Config Found
A. Does your PC have an LPT port? A PCI card with LPT port WILL NOT WORK!
B. Try shortening the length of your cable - the shorter the cable (and remember its gotta reach your PC) the better.
C. Are your PC bios settings right?
D. Add/remove resistors/try lower value ones.
E. Add/remove switching diode.
F. Is your soldering good?
G. Is the LPT wired up the right way? (remember the guides show THE REAR of the LPT plug, not the front!)
H. If you can't get NandPro to run, check that you've changed directory/installed NandPro to the correct directory.
I. If you're getting no errors in NandPro, but when you open your dumps in Degraded it shows bad blocks with no 'moved to 0X03FF' and each of the dumps have errors in differing places, you need to ground the LPT cable. The un-shielded wire on the LPT cable (ie no plastic sleeve) is the ground, or if you've built your own cable from scratch, attach a wire from the metal chassis of the DB-25 connector. Attach this to the metal shielding of the 360 or one of the copper grnd points around the screw holes in the mobo and that should sort the problem.
J. Nandpro not detecting your 360 - you may have the 'DLportIO.sys not loaded error'. In 'regedit' (cmd prompt) try: "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\ In regedit. There should be a "dlportio" key (folder) in there. If there is, delete it, reboot and try a reinstall. If that doesnt work, go back into regedit, back to the dlportio key and change the value of "Start" to "1"."
You should have Nandpro Flashconfig:
FlashConfig: 01198010
Jasper (16MB)
FlashConfig: 00023010
Jasper (256MB)
FlashConfig: 008A3020
256MB NAND Detected
Jasper (512MB)
FlashConfig: 00AA3020
512MB NAND Detected
in NandPro appear on the CMD window, if not check the above.
If you get errors whilst dumping NAND, check the above. Also you'll get errors (normally error 250) if you've zero'd parts of your NAND.
Some errors may occur irregardless see below.
2. Can read NAND but get some errors after checking in Degraded
You've got bad blocks in the NAND.
A. If you've got more than one backup of your NAND (and you should have) and it's got good blocks where another dump hasn't, you can self repair using NandPro.
Make a note of the bad sectors addresses - ie 0X0124, 0X3b7 etc, then take nand.bin (with bad sectors) and nand2.bin (with good sectors where nand.bin's bad one's are - make sure you keep the original dumps as a backup) and put in the root folder of NandPro 2.0b, then open NandPro:
nandpro nand2.bin: -r16 badsector.bin *whatever bad sector address is* 1
nandpro nand2.bin: -r16 badsector2.bin *whatever bad sector address is* 1
repeat this with all sectors that are bad on your nand.bin
Then write the good sectors back to the first bad NAND at the same addresses:
nandpro nand.bin: -w16 badsector.bin *whatever bad sector address is* 1
nandpro nand.bin: -w16 badsector2.bin *whatever bad sector address is* 1
You should now check in Degraded and there should be no bad blocks!
B. You can use Redline99's bad block remapper.
C. NandPro can be problematic sometimes on first read - try reading a small amount of the NAND first (ie nandpro lpt: -r16 praccy.bin 0X0124 1) and then read the NAND without closing the CMD prompt window.
Congrats. You should now have at least two good NAND dumps BACK THEM UP TO DISC!.
2. NAND Writing.
Using NandPro 2.0B you've encountered errors writing to the NAND.
A. Recheck your soldering. If you could dump the NAND and now you can't write, you might have knocked something loose. This is important. If you could read the NAND, you should be able to write to it.
B. You're NAND is being stubborn. Erase it (ONLY IF YOU HAVE GOOD BACKUPS!) using the -e command in NandPro and then try rewriting.
C. You've not placed the .bin file you want to write to the NAND in the NandPro root directory.
D. Short pins on the NAND and then boot briefly. THIS IS A LAST RESORT! I'm not going into details with this as I got flamed the last time, but use the search function
3. Problems with XBR/Xell.
You've got your NAND backups, now you want homebrew. Your kernel version should be less than 8XXX - you need to check your CB value in 360FlashTool/Degraded. A list of the exploitable CB's are here:
Read this excellent guide by Roamin64 here:
Read it again so you understand it
You will need (depending on your mobo version):
A. 330ohm resistors
B. Switching Diodes
C. Wire.
D. XBR/Xell.
E. Component/VGA cable.
It is now recommended that you use the switching diodes for the Xenon - not the original 3X330ohm resistors.
Install guides for the JTAG wiring are here:
Xenon: http://i.imgur.com/Fdjmi.png
All other boards: http://pictures.xbox...e60/diagram.jpg
1. You've flashed XBR and now you're getting error codes/RLOD. Normally E79.
A. Your JTAG wires are either incorrectly or not soldered correctly. Check them out using a multimeter. You may also have shorted ponts on the mobo. CHECK THAT YOUR DIODES ARE THE CORRECT WAY AROUND!
B. You have not got an exploitable CB - see above.
C. You've injected rawkv.bin and rawconfig.bin into XBR before flashing back to the 360. Try only using rawkv.bin and reflash.
D. You've only injected rawkv.bin into XBR before flashing back to the 360. Try adding rawconfig.bin and reflash.
E. You've flashed XBR to the 360 and then added rawkv.bin and rawconfig.bin. Reflash XBR and try only adding rawkv.bin.
F. You have still got bad blocks in your NAND - either remap the original NAND using Redline99's remapper, or rebuild yourself THEN DUMP RAWKV.BIN AND RAWCONFIG.BIN.
G. NandPro isn't writing the XBR.bin properly - try redumping and comparing using a hex editor to see if there are any discrepancies.
H. You have an error code such as 0102. It's a hardware problem not XBR/Xell - has your 360 suffered from the 3RLOD's before? X-Clamp fix it. Various guides are in the 'General Hardware' section of these forums.
I. Use NandComplete on your XBR with injected kv/config. Reflash.
J. Leave the 360 off for a couple of minutes after flashing then retry booting.
K. There seems to be some reports of repaired Zephyr motherboards with a CB of 4580 christmas lighting after flashing the appropriate XBR. If this is the case (and this should only be done after checking the above points), some people have reported sucess by flashing the FALCON version of XBR to the NAND.
L. Some 360's frag after the JTAG install - either intermittantly, or straight off the bat. Try installing a 330ohm resistor between points J2D2.4 and J2D2.7 instead of the wire jumper.
If the above fails, uninstall your JTAG wires, and reflash your ORIGINAL NAND dump. Does the 360 boot? If it doesn't, you may be encountering write problems - see above. (This is not because the 360 won't boot with original dash and JTAG wires in place, simply to return the 360 to stock and eliminate write problems).
2. XBR worked for a while, and now it doesn't?
A. If you've got a 360 with a large NAND (ie 256/512mb internal memory), and you've been saving to it - DON'T! As of XBR v.3 saving to the NAND can cause XBR to not work anymore. Reflash XBR AND DON'T SAVE TO THE NAND!
B. Re-check your JTAG wires.
C. Make sure your 360 hasn't rlod'd - check the secondary error code - if it's 0102 or 0110 it needs the X-clamp fix/reflow.
If you're KV's corrupt (and it shouldn't be if you've got good NAND dumps) see here:
All the software needed is available at the usual places.
Hope this mini problem guide helps - if anyone's got any suggestions/additions please let me know and I'll add 'em. Also feel free to ignore if the guides not necessary
Added Flashconfig for all mobo's - thanks dakaku!
Added DlPortio error - thanks carpedro
Edited by thwack, 10 June 2010 - 03:51 PM.


text:
Baby ducks rescued in Holtsville
Eight ducklings were trapped in a storm drain in Holtsville until they were brought to safety by Suffolk County Emergency Services Unit officers. Videojournalist: Stringer News Service (June 26, 2013)
Newsday.com now uses Facebook for our comment boards. Please read our guidelines and connect your Facebook account to comment.
Under the helmet: Inside LI football helmets Former president's son's home for sale in Woodbury 3 injured in police patrol car crash Crash closes Sunrise Highway in East Patchogue Off-duty Suffolk County officer helps revive hockey player North Amityville gas station attendant robbed, say cops One dead after bar dispute 'Blessing of the Animals' in Brentwood Making apple cider in Northport Tom Cutinella anniversary vigil on football field Coastal concerns for Fire Island as Joaquin nears Forecast: Coastal flooding likely as rain pelts LI


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When Katie Thoele decided to take her six-year-old Miniature Pinscher Bruiser for a weekend of hiking in Wisconsin, she never anticipated the dangers lurking while Bruiser enjoyed the outdoors. Bruiser spent the weekend doing what he loved most— playing by the water, chasing chipmunks, and laying in the sunshine. It wasn't until two weeks later when Bruiser started showing physical symptoms of illness, and four days later he died due to respiratory failure. Bruiser gained his wings July 9, 2010 after being taken by the disease known as Blastomycosis.
What is Blastomycosis?
Blastomycosis is a serious systemic fungal disease. It is caused by the fungus Blastomyces dermatitis that grows near water such as lakes, streams, beaver dams and other habits where soil is moist, acidic, and rich in decaying foliage. Most blastomyces spores will die unless the conditions are ideal for the fungus to survive. This explains why blastomyces are found in small pockets instead of being widespread, often making it difficult to find in the environment.
Who is at risk?
While humans can often become infected, dogs are 10 times more likely to develop the disease. Although it primarily infects dogs, humans and cats, it has also been reported in a wide variety of animals such as horses, ferrets, deer, wolves, African lions, bottlenosed dolphins, and sea lions. Blastomycosis is generally limited to North America, and most cases have occurred in Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee, and Ohio River basins. Individuals and dogs that spend much of their time in the woods, swamps, or near water have a greater risk of infection. One study in Wisconsin has shown that 95% of infected dogs live within 400 yards of a body of water. Sporting and hunting dogs are therefore more commonly infected because of their frequent exposure to the soil and wet areas. When the ground where the fungus lives is disturbed, the infectious spores found in the soil are released into the air. Dogs often acquire infection by inhaling the spores through their nose which then travel down into the lungs where it induces a respiratory infection.
Clinical Findings & Symptoms:
When the respiratory defenses are overwhelmed, the disease spreads through the bloodstream from the lungs to other organs throughout the body to involve the eyes, brain, bones, lymph nodes, skin, and tissues just beneath the skin. According to Merck Veterinary Manual signs of pulmonary involvement are seen in up to 85% of affected dogs. Lymph node and skin involvement are reported in about 50% of affected dogs. Signs of ocular blastomycosis are seen in 30-50% of affected dogs and can include blindness, glaucoma and retinal detachment. Lameness associated with severe paronychia occurs in about 25% of affected dogs. Involvement in the central nervous system (CNS) is uncommon, occurring in
After exposure, some dogs may be infected but not show clinical signs for weeks or even months, and if left untreated can be fatal. The clinical symptoms of blastomycosis may vary with organ involvement which can include coughing, skin lesions, anorexia, depression, fever, weight loss, shortness of breath, exercise intolerance, enlarged lymph nodes, eye disease, or lameness.
The most common choice of treatment used for infected dogs and cats, is the antifungal drug Itraconzole. For aggressive cases, especially those with evidence of hypoxemia, combination treatment with Amphotericin B and Itraconzole is recommended under close veterinary care. Itraconzole should be given daily for a minimum of two months and continued until the disease is no longer noticeable. In treated dogs, clinical cure can be expected in ~70% of the dogs, with ~20% suffering relapses months to a year after treatment. Prognosis is best for dogs with mild or no lung disease, but is poorest for those with CNS involvement.
Although Bruiser struggled with some unrelated medical issues throughout his life, blastomycosis became his silent killer. The infection hid in his system two weeks before symptoms were apparent. He was quickly diagnosed and treated with medication, but it proved to be too late and his body couldn't handle the recovery. After losing her best friend it has been Katie's mission to inform pet owners and lovers of the risks to help save the lives of other beloved companions everywhere.
The Merck Veterinary Manual (9th ed.). (2005). Philadelphia, PA: MERCK & CO., INC., pp.518-519.
Drs. Foster & Smtih; Blastomycosis in Dogs & Humans. Veterinary & Aquatic Services Department.
The AKC Canine Health Foundation (CHF) and our corporate alliance, Zoetis, are pleased to bring you another installment in a podcast series devoted to canine reproduction education for pet owners, breeders, and veterinarians.
In this podcast we discuss canine semen evaluation, with reproductive specialist Dr. Cheryl Lopate of Reproductive Revolutions and Wilsonville Veterinary Clinic in Wilsonville, Oregon. Dr. Lopate received her Master's degree in reproductive physiology and her DVM from The Ohio State University. She completed a residency in comparative theriogenology (reproduction) at Purdue University and has been board certified in theriogenology since 1997. She has worked in a variety of practice settings including general mixed practice, referral practice and academia. She believes strongly in providing client education and speaks at breed group meetings regularly. She also speaks at many veterinary conferences and has written many journal articles and book chapters on a variety of reproductive topics.


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Natural landscape!
Veitinger HELLO! BEAUTIFUL GALLERY! LIKE + FAV.! SE ALLOWS ME: The CHOOSE ONE OF MY PHOTOGRAPHERS FAVORITE! THANK YOU! Panoramio PHOTOS RYD. BRAZIL, RIO DE JANEIRO STATE, MACAÉ CITY
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Greetings Barbara, Thank you for the visits and all the wonderful comments. How was your weekend. I hope you enjoyed beautiful autumn weather. We had our first dustings of snow in the high country. The mountains were beautiful. I like your rock formation. There has been a lot of work done on it over the years and now it looks to be a fun attraction. Thank you for sharing. Take care and have a great week. Cheers, Rich
Interesting and beautiful composition! Like ! Best wishes! Greetings from Ukraine! Yuri.
imcreible los colores
Good work!....L
best regards, Darjo
Vielen Dank Jürgen-Grösel!
Beste Grüße, János
Wow, sobrecogedor


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Police Commissioner: No Struggle Before Fatal Shooting of Unarmed Man
Approximately 100 Bronx residents held a vigil and then marched to the 47th Police Precinct Friday night in the neighborhood where a police officer fatally shot 18-year-old Ramarley Graham. Earlier in the day Police Commissioner Raymond Kelly said a supervising sergeant and the officer who fatally shot the unarmed Graham had been placed on restricted duty.
During the vigil and march, people held signs that read "black men: endangered species" and "stop killing our kids."
Sharla Buchanan lives on 229th street, across from the Graham family. "I'm here because my neighbor got killed by a police officer in his own home. I'm angry because I live on this block. I got kids, nephews, uncles and their life is in danger by the police. They're killing us."
Juan Tavares, 26, was one of the marchers that went to the precinct demanding answer. He said young black men can't trust the cops so he doesn't blame Graham for running from them. "I would run from the police, all of us would run from the police, " he said. "I could have been out here with nothing in my pocket and they give me the vibe that they're coming for me and I feel like I have the right to get away, I'm getting away."
(Photo: Community protestors march to 47th precinct. Kathleen Horan/WNYC)
Police say the officer shot Graham in his home Thursday after a foot pursuit.
"We obviously have some real concerns, and until we know what really happened there's not a lot else I can say," Mayor Michael Bloomberg said Friday.
The shooting occurred at about 3 p.m. Thursday in the Bronx. Plainclothes officers wearing NYPD raid jackets were there investigating street corner drug dealing, department spokesman Paul Browne said.
The suspect, Ramarley Graham, took off on foot and rounded a corner toward his home, police said. An officer pursued him into the second-floor apartment, police said.
The officer fired one shot at close range from his 9mm semiautomatic handgun, Browne said. The victim was struck in the chest and collapsed inside the bathroom. He was pronounced dead at a hospital.
Kelly said that a bag of marijuana was found in the home. He also said that Graham "appeared to be armed," but no weapon was recovered.
Browne said two other police officers and family members of the victim, including his grandmother, were inside the apartment at the time of the shooting.
The name of the 30-year-old officer was not released. He joined the police force in 2008 and had not been involved in any previous shootings, Browne said.
Investigators were interviewing potential witnesses, and the shooting remained under investigation, he said.
The victim's distraught mother, Constance Malcolm, said nobody deserves "to get shot like that, in your own house."
"Everybody's kids get into trouble," she said. "He smoked a little weed like all the other young kids do, and that's what he had on him when they were chasing him."
When asked if her son had a gun, she said, "He had nothing."
(Photo: Memorial outside Graham's home, where he was shot. Kathleen Horan/WNYC)
The shooting of Graham was the third time in a week that an NYPD officer killed a criminal suspect.
On Jan. 26, an off-duty NYPD officer shot and killed a carjacking suspect during a shootout in Brooklyn. And on Sunday night, an off-duty detective shot and killed a 17-year-old after police say the teen and another suspect hit the officer with a cane and tried to rob him in Brooklyn while he was walking to catch a subway to work.
In a fourth shooting involving the NYPD on Tuesday, a gunman shot an officer in the head after the officer responded to a report of shots fired in Brooklyn, police said. The shooter was caught about two hours after and was charged with attempted murder, they said.
The wounded officer is expected to recover.
Kelly said that police shootings tend to occur in "clumps," but did not believe there was any "connectivity" between the officer who got shot and the Graham shooting.
Bronx Borough President Ruben Diaz Jr. said in a statement that officers "must be better trained to deal with the communities they work in, to better respect the lives of those they are charged with protecting and serving."
"We can no longer tolerate our young men and women falling victim to excessive violence at the hands of our police, or worse yet," he said, "lose their lives unjustly."
Speaking on his weekly WOR radio show Friday, Mayor Michael Bloomberg said there were a "surprisingly few" times that police officers draw their guns and shoot.
With reporting from Ailsa Chang, Bob Hennelly and Kathleen Horan


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Black Knight Sword 50% Off on XBLA Starting Tomorrow
902d ago - Hardcore Gamer: Starting April 16, the game will be half-off on XBLA, and only cost 400 MS points... | Xbox 360
Black Knight Sword, Suda 51's Latest Title, Available for Download now
1024d ago - Suda 51's latest title Black Knight Sword is out now for PSN and Xbox LIVE Arcade! | Arcade
This October's Releases For All Things PlayStation
Now - The spooky month of October is almost upon us and that means another calendar month of releases to feed our gamer appetites. We take a look at what... | Promoted post
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1028d ago - The PlayStation 2 classic arrives on PSN this week, Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas brings back the... | PS3
Black Knight Sword Confirmed for December 11th on PSN
1030d ago - Not content to let Microsoft have all the fun, Grasshopper and Digital Reality will now be bringi... | PS3
'Black Knight Sword' release date announced: December 12, 2012
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Black Knight Sword Interview (JPS)
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X360A Interview: Akira Yamaoka Talks Music
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Grasshopper's Black Knight Sword coming 'end of summer'
1289d ago - IncGamers: Side-scrolling hack 'n' slasher from Suda 51 coming to XBLA and PSN this summer. | Xbox 360
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1442d ago - Akira Yamaoka is doing more than handling music, the former Team Silent producer is now the Chie... | Xbox 360
[GAMINGtruth] Black Knight Sword Coming to XBLA & PSN
1486d ago - A new fantasy action platformer announced by Digital Reality is coming to the Xbox Live Arcade an... | Xbox 360
Black Knight Sword Unveiled
1507d ago - Grasshopper has revealed a new title to be released early next year called Black Knight Sword. Th... | Xbox 360
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The latest addition to our Reviews Section is by Larissa Kyzer on LoveStar by Andri Snær Magnason, translated from the Icelandic by Victoria Cribb and published by Seven Stories Press.
Larissa is a regular contributor to Three Percent, and with this continues her streak of Nordic lit reviews. LoveStar is a book I've been casting sidelong glances at here in the office, and have it high on my list of to-reads. But, with influences such as "Italo Calvino, Jorge Luis Borges, and Kurt Vonnegut to George Orwell, Douglas Adams, and Monty Python," Magnason is sure to please.
Here's a bit from Larissa's review:
When Icelandic author Andri Snær Magnason first published LoveStar, his darkly comic parable of corporate power and media influence run amok, the world was in a very different place. (This was back before both Facebook and Twitter, if you can recall such a time.) He noted as much himself in a recent interview with The Reykjavík Grapevine: "[w]hen it came out in 2002 it was called a dystopian novel; now it's being called a parody. We seem to have already reached that dystopia."
It is difficult to create a fictional milieu that touches on anything remotely related to technology or The Future and doesn't feel dated pretty much the minute the ink dries on the page. (My favorite example of this is the Ethan Hawke Hamlet adaptation, which came out in 2000 and was peppered with cutting edge technology . . . like fax machines and Polaroid cameras.) As such, it is no small accomplishment that in the ten years since LoveStar was released, the book feels not obsolete, but rather prescient, or at least exasperatingly plausible.
The novel kicks off at some indeterminate point in the future, after a series of freakish, but not cataclysmic, natural events lead a group of intrepid Icelandic scientists to seek wireless alternatives to current technology. (An oversaturation of "waves, messages, transmissions, and electric fields," they believe, is to blame for such events as clouds of bees taking over Chicago, driving out residents and flooding the downtown area with ponds of honey.)
Head over here for the entire review.
Originally published in French in 2007, We're Not Here to Disappear (On n'est pas là pour disparaître) won the Prix Wepler-Fondation La Poste and the Prix Pierre Simon Ethique et Réflexion. The work has been recently translated by Béatrice Mousli. . .
Even though the latest from Jean Echenoz is only a thin volume containing seven of what he calls "little literary objects," it is packed with surprises. In these pieces, things happen below the surface, sometimes both literally and figuratively. As. . .
Who is this woman? This is the question that opens Xiao Bai's French Concession, a novel of colonial-era Shanghai's spies and revolutionaries, police and smugglers, who scoot between doorways, walk nonchalantly down avenues, smoke cigars in police bureaus, and lounge. . .
For the past 140 years, Anna Karenina has been loved by millions of readers all over the world. It's easy to see why: the novel's two main plots revolve around characters who are just trying to find happiness through love.. . .
Linn Ullmann's The Cold Song, her fifth novel, is built much like the house about which its story orbits: Mailund, a stately white mansion set in the Norwegian countryside a few hours drive from Oslo. The house, nestled into the. . .
Karel Schoeman's Afrikaans novel, This Life, translated by Else Silke, falls into a genre maybe only noticed by the type of reader who tends toward Wittgenstein-type family resemblances. The essential resemblance is an elderly narrator, usually alone—or with one other. . .
In Joris-Karl Hyusmans's most popular novel, À rebours (Against Nature or Against the Grain, depending on the which translated edition you're reading), there is a famous scene where the protagonist, the decadent Jean des Esseintes, starts setting gemstones on the. . .
There are books that can only wisely be recommended to specific types of readers, where it is easy to know who the respective book won't appeal to, and Kristiina Ehin's Walker on Water is one these. What makes this neither. . .
Imagine the most baroque excesses of Goethe, Shakespeare, and Poe, blended together and poured into a single book: That is The Nightwatches of Bonaventura. Ophelia and Hamlet fall in love in a madhouse, suicidal young men deliver mournful and heartfelt. . .
In 1899, Maurice Ravel wrote "Pavane pour une infante défunte" ("Pavane for a Dead Princess") for solo piano (a decade later, he published an orchestral version). The piece wasn't written for a particular person; Ravel simply wanted to compose a. . .


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The 60W Laser cutter is up and running at the lab finally. And already we are reaping the benefits of having one. Decreased fabrication time and the ability to say we have a cnc with a freakin' laser. So far we have cut the support structure for a quadracopter and ...Read More
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New Laser Cutter Installed
by rtavk3 on June 15, 2012, noon
Artist Support Grant
The TX/RX Labs Artist Support Grant provides 6 months of access to the unique facilities and training for which TX/RX Labs is already well known to Artists allowing them to further develop their practice and technique.Click here to learn more
About TXRX Labs
Established in 2008, TXRX Labs is a non-profit hackerspace for the greater Houston area. Housed in the East End District, we offer courses in and access to our rapid prototyping lab, woodshop, machineshop, electronics lab, and a wide variety of other tools. Our goal is to educate the public about technology and show how seemingly complex techniques can be used by anyone. If you like what we do, please donate.
This Week at TXRX
- 10/04 - Pancake Science Sunday
- 10/05 - Organic Chemistry Study Group
- 10/05 - HHUG Meetup
- 10/06 - Team Delta Meeting
- 10/07 - Organic Chemistry Study Group
- 10/07 - Etsy Houston
- 10/08 - 3D Printing Show and Tell
- 10/09 - Tinker Time
- 10/09 - Friday Open House
- 10/10 - Tinker Time
- 10/10 - Houston Robotics Club
- 10/11 - Tinker Time


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He Walked with God
Wherever I travel throughout the world, I always make certain to visit the grave sites of civilization's most famous men. From the grave of Martin Luther in Germany, to the tomb of Cyrus the Great in Persia (present-day Iran), I …Read More
Loneliness: A Cause for Joy
You hear the wind move around to another quarter in the night. Soon rain is slapping against the windows, rattling the gutters, rushing through the downspouts. You try to sleep but a chill seems to have crept into the room—and …Read More
Paradise Restored
There are any number of ways to capture the glory of Eden. Because it is a garden paradise, we can focus on its bucolic nature. Bereft of thorns and thistles, fruitful and beautiful, it is the ideal location, designed for …Read More
Apostle to the Gentiles
Paul's conversion on the Damascus Road also represented his calling to serve as a missionary to the nations. The Lord made it clear when Paul was converted that he was "a chosen instrument of mine to carry my name before …Read More
A Woman Richly Blessed
Imagine a contemporary teenage girl who becomes convinced, without a doubt, that God especially favors her. She knows God will bless her richly, beyond what any other woman ever has known. What does she expect that to mean? Surely God …Read More
Using Your Gifts
In his correspondences with the various churches with which he interacted, the Apostle Paul is clear on the fact that God endows individuals within the body of Christ with skills and abilities for the purpose of edifying the whole body …Read More
Honor Your Father and Mother
No more of parental rules," declares Calvin (from the comic strip Calvin and Hobbes) as he and Hobbes strut north to be masters of their fate in the frozen Yukon. "Good riddance to those grown-up ghouls!" Life will be grand …Read More
Family Values
Although the actual election is about a year and a half away, we're already starting to see prospective candidates throw their hats into the ring for the 2016 U.S. presidential race. Caucuses, primaries, debates, get-out-the-vote efforts, fund-raising, and …Read More
A Kingdom of Priests
In February, a terrible beheading of twenty-one Egyptian Christians took place. They were executed because they were identified as "the people of the cross." We are reminded of the possibility of martyrdom and the reality that this side of glory …Read More
Setting the Stage
Of all the centuries of church history, the fifteenth century is one of the most pitiable. In popular imagination, it is a bridge between the medieval and the Reformation worlds. And while it may be important for the journey, few …Read More
Christ Our Church
There are a number of Old Testament passages that figure prominently in the New Testament. In Galatians 3:10–14, several of them are quoted by the apostle, and he uses these Old Testament passages as proof texts for the doctrine …Read More
Wily Jacob
Sell me your birthright now," Jacob demanded of his twin brother, Esau (Gen. 25:31). Thus begins the sorry tale of Abraham's grandson. From the start, Jacob challenges us to dislike him: a self-willed, pampered child with ruthless skills …Read More
Jesus' Family Tree
Genealogies are hardly spellbinding. Perhaps, like me, you are tempted to skip them in your Bible reading. Yet genealogies are a significant part of God's infallible Scriptures. They, too, are "profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for …Read More
The Prodigal Father
When I served as editor in chief of Tabletalk magazine, I committed my share of gaffes. I received more than my share of sweet-natured but school-marmish notes about why this semicolon should have been a colon, or why further was …Read More
The Reluctant Prophet
Anyone who has ever attended a Sunday school class knows that Jonah was the man who was eaten alive by a fish and then vomited out three days later. But that's about the extent of most people's understanding of this …Read More


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Parenting Time in Arizona - What Does it Mean?
What is a Parenting Coordinator and Why Do We Need One?
Can my ex-spouse see our children if he/she does not pay the court ordered child support?
What do we do with the children once the divorce action is filed?
This past week the news reported the story of a judge in Connecticut who ordered both parties in a child custody dispute to give each other their Facebook passwords. The judge made this order so they each could look for...more
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Snow Reports
The snow reports are here for the 2015 ski season. Watch for ski resort opening dates, new ski vacation deals and SuperSki weeks and great resort information. Be sure to check out our best ski vacation deals and remember, we can customize any vacation to suit your needs.
Trail Maps
Find trail maps for skiing, hiking, mountain bike trails, or just for walking. We are providing you with the resources you need to enjoy your active vacation. Information changes frequently and we try to share with you only the latest maps of pists, trails and resorts.
Here are frequently asked questions answered by our experienced travel agents who specialize in planning winter mountain vacations. We can provide you with information and tips on how to plan your trip. We are prepared to help travelers with their specific questions.
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About Ski Europe
SkiEurope is a leading winter tour operator from North America to Europe. We provide winter vacation arrangements in over 60 resorts in seven European countries: Andorra, Austria, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland, and Summer Skiing in South America.
At SkiEurope, we are celebrating our 25th anniversary of creating one-of-a-kind European winter vacations. We love Europe and do our best to make sure that our customers feel the same way.
We believe that a vacation can only be a success if it is custom-tailored to fit the requirements and preferences of each individual because personal attention to our customers is essential. Each request that we receive is given individual consideration by one of our Destination Specialists. Most of the staff members of SkiEurope are Europeans with an in-depth knowledge and personal experience, and insider information for our destinations.


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With the DJM-250, you can combine EQ effects with 2 filters to perform mixes that sound like they were meant to be. Add that to the DJM-250's pro features and you've got a mixer like no other on the market.
The DJM-250 is the industry's first 2-channel mixer equipped with a manual filter on each channel. Simply adjust the filter and EQ effects by turning the rotary knob, which is illuminated for intuitive DJing in the booth.
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