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The death of Apple co-founder Steve Jobs elicited an avalanche of media coverage, most of which called him a visionary genius.
But it wasn't long before another current of comment began to surface. Jobs, one of a very small number of people who could be considered the founding fathers of personal computing, was not universally beloved as a man, even by admirers of his intellect.
"Steve Jobs was a major, world-class jerk," begins one such article, by David Coursey in Forbes. "A friend who knows about these things — but not Steve — wonders if he wasn't at least a borderline sociopath. If you define that as someone who does evil things and doesn't feel remorse, the picture of a smirking Steve Jobs does begin to emerge."
Coursey goes on to praise Jobs' genius, however, and eventually offers career advice to other would-be leaders: "If you can't match [Jobs'] genius and ability to imagine and deliver, you haven't earned the right to match his behavior."
Elsewhere in Forbes, Frederick Allen highlights Jobs' famous commencement speech at Stanford, one that gained renewed popularity on YouTube and in text after Jobs' death. Allen said the part advising graduates to find work they love is "absolutely right-on advice — as long as you're Steve Jobs. For many, if not most, people, it might be a recipe for disaster."
Robin Hanson, writing on the blog "Overcoming Bias," expanded on the point by seizing on Jobs' advice to "never settle."
"Now try to imagine a world where everyone actually tried to follow this advice," Hanson writes. "And notice that we have an awful lot of things that need doing [that] are unlikely to be anyone's dream job. So a few folks would be really happy, but most everyone else wouldn't stay long on any job, and most stuff would get done pretty badly. Not a pretty scenario."
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Technology journalist Michael Hardy is a former FCW editor.
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Steve was a visionary leader without a doubt. As for his personality, I will never know him personally, but from what I've seen on youtube, he was a car-salesman-like jerk at times, and as he grew up, he became more reserved and humble.
Unless and until somebody strings 'em up, what our society considers material success is always exemplified by some sort of a pirate. It's what we value. Now in Jobs case he probably started out a little scurvy, but add to that a growing cancerous pain and a death-obsession for a global legacy, literally to and in spite of the throng of detractors of lesser spirit and intelligence ... presto, Epic figure...imagine that.
@John" I wonder how well Apple could've done under Scully's guidance"
Uh, we did get to see it - it sucked! Even Scully has admitted he was in way over his head. Apple is Apple because of Jobs - period.
@Richard "Years from now, the iPhone, Mac, iPad and other realizations of Job's genious will be anachronistic footnotes in technology texts. Gates contributions to the entire world will be a legacy of accomplishment and generosity taught to generations of our children, and their children."
Huh? You have no idea how either Jobs or Gates dealt with their home life. I have a sneaky suspicion that Gates is just as much a workaholic adrenaline junky as Jobs - successful people are successful for a reason!
I also think it's hilarious that since Steve Jobs passed people are acting like Apple is just going to dissolve away into irrelevance. The number one "product" of Steve Jobs is Apple itself - including an acute awareness of the failures of companies that went through similar issues when their founders moved on (HP being the most recent train wreck). You are going to be waiting a VERY long time waiting for Apple to be an "anachronistic footnote". Sheesh - what absurd hyperbole...
If you want to make omelettes, you have to crack eggs. Steve Jobs never concerned himself with being liked becuase he put advancing technology first and foremost. As a technology user and Apple customer, I am fine with that. I don't need him to be my friend, and I am not in his family. The work-life sacrifices he made are made by many CEO's, and we don't judge them on their private lives. So, let's not judge Jobs. He did what he was supposed to do...innovate and create jobs. If more CEO's did this, our country would be better off. As to the Stanford commencement address, I would hope that anyone who graduated from Stanford would not settle. We need to expect more from those who graduate from leading universities, and we need them to follow their passions.
Not to kick a guy while he's down (and out), but...I did a report on Apple back in the 1980's, and Jobs was a total jerk to his compadres. I wonder how well Apple could've done under Scully's guidance (he's the daddy of the PDA, iPod fans, as Jobs was out of apple when the Newton launched), or even a less narcissistic Jobs...btw - I'm a PC (Linux, and andriod too).
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- radiation measurement physics
- magnetic resonance physics
- nuclear medicine physics
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- ultrasound physics
- tissue measurements
- radiation biology
- anniversary papers
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Index of content:
Volume 42 (2015)
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Volume 40 (2013)
Volume 39 (2012)
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Volume 37 (2010)
Volume 36 (2009)
Volume 35 (2008)
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Volume 35, Issue 9, September 2008
PET/CT will become standard practice for radiotherapy simulation and planning35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2955552View Description Hide Description
Combining segment generation with direct step-and-shoot optimization in intensity-modulated radiation therapy35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2964096View Description Hide Description
A method for generating a sequence of intensity-modulated radiation therapy step-and-shoot plans with increasing number of segments is presented. The objectives are to generate high-quality plans with few, large and regular segments, and to make the planning process more intuitive. The proposed method combines segment generation with direct step-and-shoot optimization, where leaf positions and segment weights are optimized simultaneously. The segment generation is based on a column generation approach. The method is evaluated on a test suite consisting of five head-and-neck cases and five prostate cases, planned for delivery with an Elekta SLi accelerator. The adjustment of segment shapes by direct step-and-shoot optimization improves the plan quality compared to using fixed segment shapes. The improvement in plan quality when adding segments is larger for plans with few segments. Eventually, adding more segments contributes very little to the plan quality, but increases the plan complexity. Thus, the method provides a tool for controlling the number of segments and, indirectly, the delivery time. This can support the planner in finding a sound trade-off between plan quality and treatment complexity.
Performance evaluation of an improved optical computed tomography polymer gel dosimeter system for 3D dose verification of static and dynamic phantom deliveries35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2960219View Description Hide Description
The performance of a next-generation optical computed tomographyscanner (OCTOPUS™-5X) is characterized in the context of three-dimensional geldosimetry. Large-volume , muscle-equivalent, radiation-sensitive polymergeldosimeters (BANG®-3) were used. Improvements in scanner design leading to shorter acquisition times are discussed. The spatial resolution, detectable absorbance range, and reproducibility are assessed. An efficient method for calibratinggeldosimeters using the depth-dose relationship is applied, with photon- and electron-based deliveries yielding equivalent results. A procedure involving a preirradiation scan was used to reduce the edge artifacts in reconstructed images, thereby increasing the useful cross-sectional area of the dosimeter by nearly a factor of 2. Dose distributions derived from optical density measurements using the calibration coefficient show good agreement with the treatment planning system simulations and radiographic film measurements. The feasibility of use for motion (four-dimensional) dosimetry is demonstrated on an example comparing dose distributions from static and dynamic delivery of a single-field photon plan. The capability to visualize three-dimensional dose distributions is also illustrated.
A real-time dynamic-MLC control algorithm for delivering IMRT to targets undergoing 2D rigid motion in the beam's eye view35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2963987View Description Hide Description
An MLC control algorithm for deliveringintensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT) to targets that are undergoing two-dimensional (2D) rigid motion in the beam's eye view (BEV) is presented. The goal of this method is to deliver 3D-derived fluence maps over a moving patient anatomy. Target motion measured prior to delivery is first used to design a set of planned dynamic-MLC (DMLC) sliding-window leaf trajectories. During actual delivery, the algorithm relies on real-time feedback to compensate for target motion that does not agree with the motion measured during planning. The methodology is based on an existing one-dimensional (1D) algorithm that uses on-the-fly intensity calculations to appropriately adjust the DMLC leaf trajectories in real-time during exposure delivery [McMahon et al., Med. Phys.34, 3211–3223 (2007)]. To extend the 1D algorithm's application to 2D target motion, a real-time leaf-pair shifting mechanism has been developed. Target motion that is orthogonal to leaf travel is tracked by appropriately shifting the positions of all MLC leaves. The performance of the tracking algorithm was tested for a single beam of a fractionated IMRT treatment, using a clinically derived intensity profile and a 2D target trajectory based on measured patient data. Comparisons were made between 2D tracking, 1D tracking, and no tracking. The impact of the tracking lag time and the frequency of real-time imaging were investigated. A study of the dependence of the algorithm's performance on the level of agreement between the motion measured during planning and delivery was also included. Results demonstrated that tracking both components of the 2D motion (i.e., parallel and orthogonal to leaf travel) results in delivered fluence profiles that are superior to those that track the component of motion that is parallel to leaf travel alone. Tracking lag time effects may lead to relatively large intensity delivery errors compared to the other sources of error investigated. However, the algorithm presented is robust in the sense that it does not rely on a high level of agreement between the target motion measured during treatment planning and delivery.
Use of a two-dimensional ionization chamber array for proton therapy beam quality assurance35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2963990View Description Hide Description
Two-dimensional ion chamber arrays are primarily used for conventional and intensity modulated radiotherapy quality assurance. There is no commercial device of such type available on the market that is offered for proton therapyquality assurance. We have investigated suitability of the MatriXX, a commercial two-dimensional ion chamber array detector for proton therapy QA. This device is designed to be used for photon and electron therapy QA. The device is equipped with parallel plate ion chambers, each with diam and center-to-center separation. A proton beam was used to calibrate the dose measured by this device. The water equivalent thickness of the buildup material was determined to be using a proton beam. Proton beams of different energies were used to measure the reproducibility of dose output and to evaluate the consistency in the beam flatness and symmetry measured by MatriXX. The output measurement results were compared with the clinical commissioning beam data that were obtained using a 0.6 cc Farmer chamber. The agreement was consistently found to be within 1%. The profiles were compared with film dosimetry and also with ion chamber data in water with an excellent agreement. The device is found to be well suited for quality assurance of proton therapy beams. It provides fast two-dimensional dose distribution information in real time with the accuracy comparable to that of ion chamber measurements and film dosimetry.
Tumor tracking and motion compensation with an adaptive tumor tracking system (ATTS): System description and prototype testing35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2964090View Description Hide Description
A novel system for real-time tumor tracking and motion compensation with a robotic HexaPOD treatment couch is described. The approach is based on continuous tracking of the tumormotion in portal images without implanted fiducial markers, using the therapeutic megavoltage beam, and tracking of abdominal breathing motion with optical markers. Based on the two independently acquired data sets the table movements for motion compensation are calculated. The principle of operation of the entire prototype system is detailed first. In the second part the performance of the HexaPOD couch was investigated with a robotic four-dimensional-phantom capable of simulating real patient tumor trajectories in three-dimensional space. The performance and limitations of the HexaPOD table and the control system were characterized in terms of its dynamic behavior. The maximum speed and acceleration of the HexaPOD were and in the lateral direction, and and in longitudinal and anterior-posterior direction, respectively. Base line drifts of the mean tumor position of realistic lungtumor trajectories could be fully compensated. For continuous tumor tracking and motion compensation a reduction of tumormotion up to 68% of the original amplitude was achieved. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that it is technically feasible to compensate breathing induced tumormotion in the lung with the adaptive tumor tracking system.
Dosimetric evaluation of a dedicated stereotactic linear accelerator using measurement and Monte Carlo simulation35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2964198View Description Hide Description
Dosimetric parameters of a dedicated stereotactic linear accelerator have been investigated using measurements and Monte Carlo simulations. This linac has a unique built in multileaf collimation (MLC) system with the maximum opening of and leaf width at the isocenter and has successfully been modeled for the first time using the Monte Carlo simulation. The high resolution MLC, combined with its relatively large maximum field size, opens up a new opportunity for expanding stereotactic radiation treatment techniques from traditionally treating smaller targets to larger ones for both cranial and extracranial lesions. Dosimetric parameters of this linac such as accuracy of leaf positioning and field shaping, leakage and transmission, percentage depth doses, off-axes dose profiles, and dose penumbras were measured and calculated for different field sizes, depths, and source to surface distances. In addition, the ability of the linac in accurate dose delivery of several treatment plans, including intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT), performed on phantom and patients was determined. Ionization chamber,photon diode detector, films, several solid water phantoms, and a water tank were used for the measurements. The MLC leaf positioning to any particular point in the maximum aperture was accurate with a standard deviation of . Maximum and average leakages were 1.7% and 1.1% for the reference field of . Measured penumbra widths (80%–20%) for this field at source axis distance (SAD) of at a depth of were 3.2 and for the leaf-sides and leaf-ends, respectively. The corresponding results at depth and were 5.4 and . Monte Carlo results generally agreed with the measurements to within 1% and or , with respective uncertainties of 0.5% and . The linac accuracy in delivering non-IMRT treatment plans was better than 1%. Ionization chamberdosimetry results for a phantom IMRT plan in the high dose and low dose regions were and , respectively. Dosimetry results at isocenter for three patients' IMRT plans were measured to be within 3% of their corresponding treatment plans. Film dosimetry was also used to compare dose distributions of IMRT treatment plans and delivered cumulative doses at different cross sectional planes.
Real-time tumor tracking with preprogrammed dynamic multileaf-collimator motion and adaptive dose-rate regulation35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2965261View Description Hide Description
The authors have developed a new method for real-time tumor tracking with dynamic multileaf-collimator (MLC)motion under condition of free breathing. Unlike other previously proposed tumor-tracking methods, their new method uses a preprogrammed dynamic MLCsequence in combination with real-time dose-rate control. This new scheme circumvents the technical challenge in MLC-based tumor tracking of having to control the MLCmotion in real time, based on real-time detected tumormotion. With their new method, the movement of the tumor, as a function of breathing phase, amplitude, or tidal volume, is reflected in the preprogrammed MLCsequence. The irregularity of breathing during treatment is handled by real-time regulation of the machine dose rate, which effectively speeds up or slows down the delivery of radiation as needed. This method is based on the fact that all of the parameters in dynamic radiationdelivery, including MLCmotion, are enslaved to the cumulative dose, which, in turn, can be accelerated or decelerated by varying the dose rate. Because commercially available MLC systems do not allow the MLCdeliverysequence to be modified in real time based on the patient's breathing signal, previously proposed tumor-tracking techniques using a MLC cannot be readily implemented in the clinic today. By using a preprogrammed MLCsequence to handle the required motion, the task for real-time control is greatly simplified. With their new scheme, which they call dose-rate-regulated tracking (DRRT), it is possible to use existing linear accelerators that have dynamic MLC capability to achieve real-time tumor tracking, provided that the beam dose rate can be controlled externally. Tracking-error evaluation for 13 patients out of 14 resulted in a tracking error of less than , if the effect of the response time of the treatment machine on the dose-rate modulation can be neglected. Film measurements on a moving phantom with variable breathing patterns and DRRT delivery showed that 97% of the measurement points have gamma values less than 1 (for 3% and 2-mm criteria), while non-DRRT delivery showed only 87%. This study shows that real-time tracking is feasible with DRRT even when the patient breathing frequency is irregular. Effects of the variation of breathing amplitude and of base line drift on the tracking error with DRRT are discussed; pending further study, a criterion is suggested for patient selection in the application of this new technique in the clinic.
Accuracy and sensitivity of finite element model-based deformable registration of the prostate35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2965263View Description Hide Description
Purpose: Evaluate the accuracy and the sensitivity to contour variation and model size of a finite element model-based deformable registration algorithm for the prostate. Methods and materials: Two magnetic resonance images(MRIs) were obtained for 21 prostate patients with three implanted markers. A single observer contoured the prostate and markers and performed blinded recontouring of the first MRI. A biomechanical-model based deformable registration algorithm, MORFEUS, was applied to each dataset pair, deforming the second image (B) to the first image (A). The residual error was calculated by comparing the center of mass (COM) of the markers with the predicted COM. Sensitivity to contour variation was calculated by deforming B to the repeat contour of A (A2). The sensitivity to the model size was calculated by reducing the number of nodes (, , ) and repeating the analysis. Results: The average residual error of the registration for B to A and B to A2 was (SD: ) and (SD: ), respectively. The average residual error of the registration of to and to was (SD: ) and (SD: ), respectively. The average time to run MORFEUS on the standard and reduced model was (SD: ) and (SD: ), respectively. Conclusions: The accuracy of the algorithm, equal to the image voxel size, is not affected by intraobserver contour variability or model size. Reducing the model size significantly increases algorithm efficiency.
Simulated real time image guided intrafraction tracking-delivery for hypofractionated prostate IMRT35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2968333View Description Hide Description
Hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT) has been tested for prostate cancerradiotherapy. This study aims to investigate the dosimetric effects of intrafraction prostate motion on the target and the normal structures for SBRT. For prostate cancer patients treated with an image-tracking CyberKnife system, the intrafraction prostate movements were recorded during treatment time. Based on the recorded intrafraction prostate movements, treatment plans were created for these cases using intensity modulated beams while scaling the average time patterns from the CyberKnife treatment to simulate hypofractionated intensity modulated radiotherapy(IMRT)delivery. The effect of delivery time on the intrafraction organ motion was investigated. For a nominal single fraction delivery of with IMRT, we found that the dosimetric effect of the intrafraction prostate movement is case dependent. For most cases, the dose volume histograms exhibited very small changes from the treatment plans that assumed no intrafractional prostate motion when the maximum intrafraction movements were within . However, when sporadic prostate movements greater than were present in any one direction, significant changes were found. For example, the for the prostate could be reduced by more than 10% to less than 85% of the prostate volume coverage. If these large movements could be excluded by some active correction strategies, then the average for the simulated plan could be restored to within approximately 2% of the ideal treatment plans. On average, the sporadic intrafraction motion has less dosimetric impact on the prolonged treatmentdelivery versus fast treatmentdelivery. For example, the average for the clinical target volume was reduced from the original for prolonged treatment, and to when the treatment time was shortened by 50%. Due to the observed large sporadic prostate motions, we conclude that an on-line target motion monitoring and correction strategy is necessary to implement hypofractionated SBRT with intensity modulated beams for prostate cancertreatments.
Thermoluminescence dosimetry measurements of brachytherapy sources in liquid water35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2968097View Description Hide Description
Radiation therapy dosemeasurements are customarily performed in liquid water. The characterization of brachytherapy sources is, however, generally based on measurements made with thermoluminescencedosimeters(TLDs), for which contact with water may lead to erroneous readings. Consequently, most dosimetry parameters reported in the literature have been based on measurements in water-equivalent plastics, such as Solid Water™. These previous reports employed a correction factor to transfer the dosemeasurements from a plastic phantom to liquid water. The correction factor most often was based on Monte Carlo calculations. The process of measuring in a water-equivalent plastic phantom whose exact composition may be different from published specifications, then correcting the results to a water medium leads to increased uncertainty in the results. A system has been designed to enable measurements with TLDs in liquid water. This system, which includes jigs to support water-tight capsules of lithium fluoride in configurations suitable for measuring several dosimetric parameters, was used to determine the correction factor from water-equivalent plastic to water. Measurements of several and prostate brachytherapy sources in liquid water and in a Solid Water™ phantom demonstrated a correction factor of at distance. These measurements are in good agreement with a published value of this correction factor for an source.
Deterministic photon kerma distribution based on the Boltzmann equation for external beam radiation therapy35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2960247View Description Hide Description
A photontransport algorithm for fully three-dimensional radiotherapy treatment planning has been developed based on the discrete ordinates solution of the Boltzmann equation. The algorithm is characterized by orthogonal adaptive meshes, which place additional points where large gradients occur and a procedure to evaluate the collided flux using the representation of spherical harmonic expansion instead of the summation of the volume-weighted contribution from discrete angles. The Boltzmann equation was solved in the form of spatial, energy, and angular discretization with mitigation of ray effects by the first-collision source method. Unlike existing codes, which were designed for general purpose for multiparticle transport in areas such as nuclear engineering, our code is optimized for medical radiation transport. To validate the algorithm, several examples were employed to calculate the photon flux distribution. Numerical results show good agreement with the Monte Carlo calculations using EGSnrc.
An energy transfer method for 4D Monte Carlo dose calculation35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2968215View Description Hide Description
This article presents a new method for four-dimensional Monte Carlodose calculations which properly addresses dose mapping for deforming anatomy. The method, called the energy transfer method (ETM), separates the particle transport and particle scoring geometries: Particle transport takes place in the typical rectilinear coordinate system of the sourceimage, while energy deposition scoring takes place in a desired reference image via use of deformable image registration.Dose is the energy deposited per unit mass in the reference image. ETM has been implemented into DOSXYZnrc and compared with a conventional doseinterpolation method (DIM) on deformable phantoms. For voxels whose contents merge in the deforming phantom, the doses calculated by ETM are exactly the same as an analytical solution, contrasting to the DIM which has an average 1.1% dose discrepancy in the beam direction with a maximum error of 24.9% found in the penumbra of a beam. The DIM error observed persists even if voxel subdivision is used. The ETM is computationally efficient and will be useful for 4D dose addition and benchmarking alternative 4D dose addition algorithms.
Geometrical differences in target volumes between slow CT and 4D CT imaging in stereotactic body radiotherapy for lung tumors in the upper and middle lobe35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2968096View Description Hide Description
Since stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT) was started for patients with lungtumor in 1998 in our institution, x-ray fluoroscopic examination and slow computed tomography(CT) scan with a rotation time of have been routinely applied to determine target volumes. When lungtumor motion observed with x-rayfluoroscopy is larger than , diaphragm control (DC) is used to reduce tumor motion during respiration. After the installation of a four-dimensional (4D) CT scanner in 2006, 4D CTimages have been supplementarily acquired to determine target volumes. It was found that target volumes based on slow CTimages were substantially different from those on 4D CTimages, even for patients with lungtumor motion no larger than . Although slow CT scan might be expected to fare well for lungtumors with motion range of or less, the potential limitations of slow CT scan are unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the geometrical differences in target volumes between slow CT and 4D CTimaging for lungtumors with motion range no larger than in the upper and middle lobe. Of the patients who underwent SBRT between October 2006 and April 2008, 32 patients who had lungtumor with motion range no larger than and did not need to use DC were enrolled in this study. Slow CT and 4D CTimages were acquired under free breathing for each patient. Target volumes were manually delineated on slow CTimages. Gross tumor volumes were also delineated on each of the 4D CT volumes and their union was constructed. Volumetric and statistical analyses were performed for each patient. The deviation (S.D.) of was (range, 0.38–1.10). The difference between sizes of and was not statistically significant . A mean of 8% volume of was not encompassed in . The patients were separated into two groups to test whether the quality of target delineation on slow CT scans depends on respiratory periods below or above the CT rotation time of . No significant difference was observed between these groups . Even lungtumors with motion range no larger than might not be accurately depicted on slow CTimages. When only a single slow CT scan was used for lungtumors with motion range of or less, 95% confidence values for additional margins for to encompass were 4.0, 5.4, 4.9, 5.1, 1.8, and for lateral, medial, ventral, dorsal, cranial, and caudal directions, respectively.
Some implications of linear-quadratic-linear radiation dose-response with regard to hypofractionation35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2969065View Description Hide Description
Recent technological advances enable radiation therapy to be delivered in a highly conformal manner to targets located almost anywhere in the body. This capability has renewed the clinical interest in hypofractionation wherein the tumor is delivered a few fractions of very large dose per fraction. Extrapolating clinical experience from conventional regimens to fractions of high dose is important to designing hypofractionated treatments. The concept of biologically effective dose (BED) based on the linear-quadratic (LQ) formulation is a useful tool for intercomparing conventional fractionations but may be hampered if the value of is dose range dependent and/or when extrapolating to fractions of high dose because the LQ curve bends continuously on the log-linear plot. This does not coincide with what is observed experimentally in many clonogenic cell survival studies at high dose wherein radiationdose-response relationships more closely approximate a straight line. Intercomparison of conventional fractionations with hypofractionated regimens may benefit from BED calculations which instead use a dose range independent linear-quadratic-linear (LQ-L) formulation which better fits the experimental data across a wider range of dose. The dosimetric implications of LQ-L are explored using a simple model which requires only the specification of a dose at which the LQ curve transitions to final linearity and the cell kill per Gy in the final linear portion of the survival curve at high dose. It is shown that the line tangent to the LQ curve at transition dose can often be used to approximate the final slope of the dose response curve. When Gy, the line tangent to the LQ curve at intersects the and curves at dose Gy and also closely fits the linear response in the high dose region of some classic in vitrocell survival curves for which the value of is low. It is hypothesized that will increase as the magnitude of increases. Examples are presented illustrating how to recognize LQ-L behavior in multifraction isoeffect studies of late responses such as spinal cord and lung. When planning hypofractionated regimens involving reactions with low , recognizing LQ-L behavior could be important because the dose-response is likely to transition to final linearity within the contemplated range of hypofractional doses.
An EGSnrc Monte Carlo-calculated database of TG-43 parameters35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2965360View Description Hide Description
Monte Carlo methods are used to calculate a complete TG-43 dosimetry parameter data set for 27 low-energy photon emitting brachytherapy sources (18 and 9 ). All Monte Carlo calculations are performed using the EGSnrc user-code BrachyDose. TG-43 dosimetry parameters, including dose rate constants, radial dose functions (with functional fitting parameters), and anisotropy data, are calculated with finer spatial resolution, greater range of distances, and smaller uncertainties than data currently available in the literature for many of these sources. In particular, for most of the seeds, this is the first time that anisotropy data have been tabulated at distances less than from the source. These calculations employ the state-of-the-art XCOM photon cross sections, and detailed source geometries are modeled using Yegin's multigeometry package. This data set serves as a completely independent verification of the currently available dosimetry parameters calculated using other Monte Carlo codes, including MCNP and PTRAN. This report also describes the Carleton Laboratory for Radiotherapy Physics TG-43 Parameter Database, a publicly accessible web site (at http://www.physics.carleton.ca/clrp/seed_database/) through which all of the data calculated for this study can be accessed. Also available on the web site are descriptions of the methods and Monte Carlo models used in this study and comparisons of data calculated in this study with data calculated by other authors.
More accurate fitting of and radial dose functions35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2964097View Description Hide Description
In this study an improved functional form for fitting the radial dose functions, , of and brachytherapy seeds is presented. The new function is capable of accurately fitting radial dose functions over ranges as large as for seeds and for seeds. The average discrepancies between fit and calculated data are less than 0.5% over the full range of fit and maximum discrepancies are 2% or less. The fitting function is also capable of accounting for the sharp increase in (upturn) seen for some sources for . This upturn has previously been attributed to the breakdown of the approximation of the sources as a line, however, in this study we demonstrate that another contributing factor is the characteristic x-rays emitted from the Ti seed casing. Radial dose functions are calculated for 18 seeds and 9 seeds using the EGSnrc Monte Carlo user-code BrachyDose. Fitting coefficients of the new function are tabulated for all 27 seeds. Extrapolation characteristics of the function are also investigated. The new functional form is an improvement over currently used fitting functions with its main strength being the ability to accurately fit the rapidly varying radial dose function at small distances. The new function is an excellent candidate for fitting the radial dose function of all and brachytherapy seeds and will increase the accuracy of dose distributions calculated around brachytherapy seeds using the TG-43 protocol over a wider range of data. More accurate values of for may be particularly important in the treatment of ocular melanoma.
TLD assessment of mouse dosimetry during microCT imaging35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2959847View Description Hide Description
Advances in laboratory animal imaging have provided new resources for noninvasive biomedical research. Among these technologies is microcomputed tomography (microCT) which is widely used to obtain high resolution anatomic images of small animals. Because microCT utilizes ionizing radiation for image formation, radiation exposure during imaging is a concern. The objective of this study was to quantify the radiationdose delivered during a standard microCT scan. Radiationdose was measured using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs), which were irradiated employing an x-ray source, with Al filtration and a total of for a full rotation of the unit. The TLD data were validated using a CT ion chamber probe. TLD results showed a single microCT scan air kerma of when using a poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) anesthesia support module and an air kerma of without the use of the anesthesia module. The validation CT ion chamber study provided a measured radiation air kerma of and with and without the PMMA anesthesia module, respectively. Internal TLDanalysis demonstrated an average mouse organ radiation absorbed dose of . The author's results have defined x-ray exposure for a routine microCT study which must be taken into consideration when performing serial molecular imaging studies involving the microCT imaging modality.
Reconstruction of a time-averaged midposition CT scan for radiotherapy planning of lung cancer patients using deformable registrationa)35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2966347View Description Hide Description
Purpose: lower lobe lungtumors move with amplitudes of up to due to respiration. To reduce respiration imaging artifacts in planning CT scans, 4D imaging techniques are used. Currently, we use a single (midventilation) frame of the 4D data set for clinical delineation of structures and radiotherapy planning. A single frame, however, often contains artifacts due to breathing irregularities, and is noisier than a conventional CT scan since the exposure per frame is lower. Moreover, the tumor may be displaced from the mean tumor position due to hysteresis. The aim of this work is to develop a framework for the acquisition of a good quality scan representing all scanned anatomy in the mean position by averaging transformed (deformed) CT frames, i.e., canceling out motion. A nonrigid registration method is necessary since motion varies over the lung. Methods and Materials: 4D and inspiration breath-hold (BH) CT scans were acquired for 13 patients. An iterative multiscale motion estimation technique was applied to the 4D CT scan, similar to optical flow but using image phase (gray-value transitions from bright to dark and vice versa) instead. From the (4D) deformation vector field (DVF) derived, the local mean position in the respiratory cycle was computed and the 4D DVF was modified to deform all structures of the original 4D CT scan to this mean position. A 3D midposition (MidP) CT scan was then obtained by (arithmetic or median) averaging of the deformed 4D CT scan.Image registration accuracy, tumor shape deviation with respect to the BH CT scan, and noise were determined to evaluate the image fidelity of the MidP CT scan and the performance of the technique. Results: Accuracy of the used deformable image registration method was comparable to established automated locally rigid registration and to manual landmark registration (average difference to both methods for all directions) for the tumor region. From visual assessment, the registration was good for the clearly visible features (e.g., tumor and diaphragm). The shape of the tumor, with respect to that of the BH CT scan, was better represented by the MidP reconstructions than any of the 4D CT frames (including MidV; reduction of "shape differences" was 66%). The MidP scans contained about one-third the noise of individual 4D CT scan frames. Conclusions: We implemented an accurate method to estimate the motion of structures in a 4D CT scan. Subsequently, a novel method to create a midposition CT scan (time-weighted average of the anatomy) for treatment planning with reduced noise and artifacts was introduced. Tumor shape and position in the MidP CT scan represents that of the BH CT scan better than MidV CT scan and, therefore, was found to be appropriate for treatment planning.
An improved method for simulating microcalcifications in digital mammograms35(2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2968334View Description Hide Description
The assessment of the performance of a digital mammography system requires an observer study with a relatively large number of cases with known truth which is often difficult to assemble. Several investigators have developed methods for generating hybrid abnormal images containing simulated microcalcifications. This article addresses some of the limitations of earlier methods. The new method is based on digital images of needle biopsy specimens. Since the specimens are imaged separately from the breast, the microcalcification attenuation profile scan is deduced without the effects of over and underlying tissues. The resulting templates are normalized for image acquisition specific parameters and reprocessed to simulate microcalcifications appropriate to other imaging systems, with different x-ray,detector and image processing parameters than the original acquisition system. This capability is not shared by previous simulation methods that have relied on extracting microcalcifications from breast images. The method was validated by five experienced mammographers who compared 59 pairs of simulated and real microcalcifications in a two-alternative forced choice task designed to test if they could distinguish the real from the simulated lesions. They also classified the shapes of the microcalcifications according to a standardized clinical lexicon. The observed probability of correct choice was 0.415, 95% confidence interval (0.284, 0.546), showing that the radiologists were unable to distinguish the lesions. The shape classification revealed substantial agreement with the truth (mean ), showing that we were able to accurately simulate the lesion morphology. While currently limited to single microcalcifications, the method is extensible to more complex clusters of microcalcifications and to three-dimensional images. It can be used to objectively assess an imaging technology, especially with respect to its ability to adequately visualize the morphology of the lesions, which is a critical factor in the benign versus malignant classification of a lesion detected in screening mammography.

subset: commoncrawl


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Sony Xperia S - Start Button
A new year, a new brand, a fresh start. That sums up the Sony Xperia S, the first Android smartphone under Sony's NXT series. Headline features include a 4.3-inch HD display, a 1.5GHz dual-core processor, and a 12MP camera. After spending some quality time with it, here's what we think of it.
MWC 2012: Sony Mobile Communications
Sony Mobile Communications kickstarted MWC 2012 with a new name and a new NXT series, Xperia P and Xperia U. Here's a round up of the news and interesting developments at the annual mobile device trade show.
Hands-on: Sony Xperia U
If you don't already know, the kitschy Sony Xperia U is the other Sony smartphone unveiled at MWC 2012. The team goes behind the scene to check out what it has to offer compared to its NXT siblings.
Hands-on: Sony Xperia P
One of the two Android phones under the new Xperia NXT series, the Xperia P, makes its appearance today at the Sony Press Conference. What does it have to offer? Take a quick look.
NFC and SmartTag Demo with Sony Xperia S
We first had our hand-on experience on the Sony Xperia S during CES earlier this year. Now, we take a closer look at the device's connectivity options, namely its DLNA and NFC connectivity features.
Hands-on: Balanced Armature Experience with Sony's New XBA Headphones
Introducing something different from the standard dynamic drivers that most in-ears sport, Sony has released their XBA range of headphones which feature balanced armature technology. The question now is, are they any good? We give you a detailed first-hand account.
Sony Alpha SLT-A65 - 24MP Photos at a Blistering 10 Frames Per Second
Don't mistaken the SLT-A65 as a dumbed down version of the A77, for it still sports a 24.3-megapixel CMOS sensor, an OLED viewfinder, full HD progressive movie recording, and a burst speed of up to 10fps. Here's our verdict on this S$1,400 camera.
Hands-on: Sony Xperia S
Sony's first smartphone is finally unveiled as the Sony Xperia S, alongside a LTE-capable Sony Xperia Ion exclusive for AT&T announced at CES 2012. Here's our early impressions of the Sony Xperia S.
Sony Cyber-shot DCS-W570 - A Petite Compact for the Holidays
At first impression, the W570 is a very small and light compact camera which sports a metallic front fascia and a plastic back with a chrome lining. With so many compacts in the market these days, how will this one stand out? We dig in.
Sony Alpha NEX-7 - The Best There Is
Is it overkill to have a 24.3-megapixel sensor in a mirrorless camera? What about an XGA OLED viewfinder? And let's not forget about the support for native progressive-scan full HD video. Yes, we're talking about the NEX-7, arguably the camera of 2011. Here's our full review.


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If you say you are Black you disconnecting yourself to the land our history is out here no reason why we shouldn't know who we are. Black 3/5 human being mind body soul no divine creed or nationality that bares a flag. I'm in atl and I see my people out here living lie. I'm am Talib Hasan Bey my name has meaning it is a title. A real peson no taxes no public debt. Two business 501d corporations. If you in a house paying a bank its illegal. They stealing from. Baner my twitter ojthe1 follow me if its some info you need. Peace and Blessing
HEEELL Y EEEZZZ NIKKKAS FINALLY IT HAPPENED - JUST BOUGHT A NEW RIDE - A CAM A RO CONVERTIBLE.GOT APPROVED FOR 26 LARGE. BEEN 5 YRS SINCE IVE GOTTEN SHYT APPROVED, BUT NOW ALL MY CRE DIT SHEET GONE. ALL OF IT. IF YOU STRUGGLING WITH THAT CRE DIT HISTORY ISHH, GET RID OF ALL DAT TODAY - CALL THESE PEEPS AT 8^8^8-9-2-7 -3-3-5-6. . THEY DO AMAZING WORK AND THEY ARE CHEAP AS FUQQ. GOT RID OF ALL MY SHYYT IN NO TIME. MY HOMEBOY WAS IN THE GUTTA TOO, AND HE CLEANER THAN ME NOW-gettin a condo!! Hit em up - THEY WILL HELP U!!
"And if you selling in the hood why you proud nigga, THOSE OUR PEOPLE!"
Intellectual Property: Megaupload, Lupe Fiasco & "Interactive Playthings"


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This smoothie was a happy accident. I was out of blueberries and bananas so I used apple and the results were delicious. It's faintly sweet from the apple, creamy from the avocado, and gloriously green from the spinach. Add some raw honey for extra sweetness.
2 cups packed baby spinach
1 cored & chopped apple (peeled if not organic)
1 avocado
1 1/2 cup of water
4 ice cubes
1 tablespoon hemp powder
Directions: blend all ingredients together until smooth. Enjoy!
serves 2


text: We are proud to announce the introduction of the NXT pizza generation vending machines. A pizza automated retail kiosk that makes it possible to order 24/7 an authentic pizza, made with fresh ingredients and cooked under 3 minutes. The latest technology makes it possible to be overall in control when it comes to maintenance, service, hygiene and real-time information on distance to be efficient and have all the needed information available. Reliable and a capacity to meet the requirements.


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Post Content
Electrical fires are one of the leading causes of fire-related death in the Commonwealth. Between 2007-2011, U.S. fire departments responded to more than 45,000 home electrical fires that resulted in 455 civilian deaths, over 1,500 injures, and more than 1 billion dollars in property damage.
Because these incidents are often caused by poorly maintained or outdated electrical systems, we can help prevent fires and other electricity-related injuries by making a few changes at home:
- Become familiar with the structure of your home electrical system to more readily identify and avoid potentially harmful situations such as broken fuses and overheated wires. Make sure the contact information for your local licensed electrician is accessible at all times to handle problems that are beyond your capabilities.
- Check the electrical systems and appliances throughout your home every six months using this home electrical safety checklist for room-to-room guidance.
- Consult NFPA's electrical safety tips for checking electrical cords, choosing the right light bulbs, and strategically placing major appliances.
- Support old or faulty electrical systems with supplementary home safety devices such as:
- Arc Fault Circuit Interrupters (AFCIs) to locate major and minor arc faults and shut down electricity before a fire starts;
- Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) to detect and prevent dangerous surges of electricity (these devices should be tested regularly); and,
- Tamper Resistant Receptacles (TRRs) to secure outlets in your home by closing them off with spring-loaded cover plates (TRRs are now mandatory for all new homes built after 2008.)
- If you plan to do any digging on private or public property, state law requires that you first notify Dig Safe, a communication network that aims to prevent underground utility damage. Dig Safe will notify utility companies of any upcoming excavations to ensure safety for workers and residents alike. You can find additional information about this program in the Dig Safe FAQ.
While the electricity used to operate the appliances in our homes certainly makes our lives easier, keeping our families safe is always the priority. By taking a few extra precautions at home, we won't have to compromise our comfort or our safety.
What steps will you take to keep your household safe from electricity-related harm? Let us know in the comments or tweet us @MassGov.
Tags: electrical fire, electrical safety, electricity, Fire safety, home electrocution, safety, safety tips
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Domestic abuse can be sexual, physical, and emotional, and affects people of all ages and backgrounds. If you or someone you know is in an abusive relationship, you aren't alone. October is Domestic Violence Awareness Month. A 2010 report on intimate partner violence by the …Continue Reading What Is the Abused Person's Notice of Rights?
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Milford Sound and Dunedin
... got us access to six different pools but most importantly hot showers. Feeling clean we headed to the Cadbury factory in the city centre, the only one other than the original one in Birmingham. Just £11 for a look around the factory included the world's biggest chocolate waterfall. We probably ate our entry fee in free samples which we definitely made the most of! This afternoon we are going to visit Baldwin Street, the worlds steepest street, which ...
A quiet start, but what a finish!
... be the highlight of our day. A point of interest, as this seemed to be all about De Havilland the adjacent road was Hatfield Road.
Continued the journey eventually reaching Dunedin. The site we had chosen was in fact at Portobello which is through Dunedin and about 20 Kms along the coast of Otago Peninsular. Booked in to the site, which was in a very picturesque location with full ...
Dunedin in a Day
... be like in our future home. We were amazed and confused at how temperate the place was year round. But, even taking in the reversed seasons from the switched hemispheres, the temperature was still hovering in the 70's and 80's in the winter and 60's and 70's in the summer. We're pretty sure the temperatures are supposed to be warmer in the summer... And...wait... isn't Dunedin pretty far south (er...yeah)? Wait... THERE IS A TOWN IN FLORIDA ALSO NAMED ...
... the 2.30 tour.
Oh dear, didn't we know, Thursday is cruise ship day and no places on the tour until 5. Gutted deflated we walked out (though I did buy a glass as Steve would not let me slip one in my bag when we were in the last Speights Pub! ) the brewery tour would have to wait until if we ever come back but I'm sure it won't put us off sampling their wares in the next 4 weeks especially as Steve has just found out they do Speights special ginger beer lol
Our ...
The Otago Peninsula
... something good while we were moving. We were oohing and aahing all the way, out along the shore and back along the Highcliff Road.
We visited the Albatross Centre at the extreme end of the peninsula but chose not to do the tour as there were only going to be 5 birds nesting, with no guarantee of seeing any flying and showing their size.
Instead we did a self guided tour of Larnach Castle, New Zealand's only castle. William Larnach built the castle for his ...


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Quarterback Crush Alert: Hunks On and Off The Field view
Happy Birthday, Will! 25 Photos that Prove Will Smith Only Gets Finer With Age view
Your Guide To The Sexiest Brothers On Fall TV 2015 view
When Damien was just starting out with his music, he played in the New York City...
When Damien was just starting out with his music, he played in the New York City subway system.
"I was just eager to let people hear that I could play," he recalls. "It's part of paying dues. You want to be able to say you did it. It's part of the struggling musician mystique."
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Benedicaria - Novena to the Saints
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Benedicaria, the Sicilian and Southern Italian spiritual tradition uses novenas as a powerful spiritual tool for creating change in the mundane world. Learn how to use the spiritual novena, to... More > enhance your life and that of your loved ones. Create a personal novena to your patorn saint, using the proper color candles,and the proper day. Enhance your knowledge of the ancient craft of Benedicaria with these powerful novenas.< Less
The Legend of the Haunted Rocca Busambra Mountains of Western Sicily
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Angelo Quattrocchi was a very stubborn man, and so he ignored the old woman, Santucch, the village seer and practitioner of Benedicaria, when she warned him not to defy the evil creatures called... More > "The Gregori," the old ones of the mountains,who held the village of Corleone in a grip of fear and extortion by the use of an ancient and evil magic . However,defy them he did, setting off a series of events that began a spiritual war that lasted thirteen years. The folk magic tradition of Benedicaria comes alive in this legendary adventure story of True love, revenge, and heroism set in the heart land of Western Sicily.< Less
Benedicaria- Magical Catholicism
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Benedicaria, Folk Magic of Southern Italy. a combination of Roman Catholic tradition and ancient southern Italian Folk Magic. Novenas to the Saints, healing, how to remove the evil eye,How to... More > remove a ghost from the house, how Saint Anthony will help you find your ideal mate, and every day blessings of the Sicilian and Southern Italian peasantry. 189 pages.< Less
Meditations on The Holy Rosary
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Meditations on the mysteries of the Holy Rosary. A deeper understanding of the hidden mysteries within the school of prayer known as the Rosary.
Benedicaria - How to Read the Holy Cards
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The folk tradition of Southern Italian/Sicilian Benedicaria utilizes Holy Cards depicting Jesus, Mary, and the Saints to look deeper into life's most puzzling problems. The cards are laid out in the... More > prescribed pattern of a Cross. Then the cards are interpreted and read. The talented Benedetto/Benedetta will weave a story of the questioner's hopes, fears, and dreams. An intimate knowledge of the saints are usually mandatory. With this small book that intimacy is not necessary. What the saints say is laid out in an easily understandable fashion. This booklet is important for anyone desiring a deeper understanding of the ancient spiritual craft of Benedicaria.< Less
Benedicaria and The Spirit of Saint Michael
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This booklet explains in detail who and what Saint Michael is within the Sicilian spiritual tradition of Benedicaria. More than just a Saint, He stands as a warrior Prince, Protector, avenger, and a... More > sure help in times of trouble. This booklet teaches you the Saint Michael exorcism prayer in full. This prayer terrifies deamons and drives away all unclean spirits. You will learn how to make Saint Michael Oil for annointing yourself,others,and candles. A real look at the Benedicarin side of Saint Michael the Warrior Prince of The Most High God.< Less
Benedicaria Encyclopedia Edition
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This upgraded Hardcover, full color edition is a virtual encyclopedia on the Southern Italian craft of Benedicaria. It is chock full of the Roman Catholic magical rituals of the Southern Italian and... More > Sicilian peasantry. How to remove the evil eye from yourself and others, Novenas to the Saints, the Holy Rosary, How to set up a Benedicaria altar, Incense, Invoking Saint Michael the Archangel, How to make Saint Michael's Oil, Everyday Blessings, How Saint Anthony can help you find the perfect mate, Spiritual Cleansing with eggs, Baths to bring love into your life, Baths to bring money , How to remove ghosts from the home, How to read the Holy Cards, The Sicilian Cards and their hidden meanings, The Saint Michael's Chain and communing with the Saints, The Pendulum, Stories and Wisdom from Benedettos and The Ledgend of the Haunted Rocca Brusambra Mountains of Western Sicily. This book is a 512 page sociological treatise on Magical Catholicism. A must have for students of Benedicaria.< Less
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Sicilian Proverbs and Sayings
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Sicilian Proverbs and Sayings -- Sicilians are a very peculiar people. They have their own way of looking at life, and it is apparent in their proverbs. It seems that for every problem that life... More > throws their way they have a proverb to fit the circumstance. All of life's contrarieties are explained away by wise sayings. This book contanis many of the folk proverbs that Sicilians still use on a day to day basis. A must for anyone interested in the Sicilian culture.< Less
The Sicilian Blade II: The Teachings of Don Giuseppe Quattrocchi
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October 9, 2015 | Broken clouds, 62 °F
Mary-Chilton Winslow Mead, of Brooklyn and Stillwater, N.J., died peacefully on Wednesday, May 7, at The Nathaniel Witherell Nursing Center in Greenwich, Conn. She was 79.
Born in Manhattan, Mead, known affectionately as Mimi, lived in Brooklyn Heights for many years. She and her husband Bill were longtime members of Grace Church-Brooklyn Heights, serving in leadership positions. They particularly loved singing in the Parish Choir together. Above all, she was respected for her elegance, wit and compassion.
Despite Brooklyn officials' entreaties to SUNY Chairman H. Carl McCall to put the closure of Long Island College Hospital (LICH) on hold until a new operator can step in, SUNY says it will shut LICH's doors on May 22.
The case continues in Brooklyn on Tuesday before state Supreme Court Justice Johnny Lee Baynes.
Two luxury residential towers planned for Pier 6 in Brooklyn Bridge Park (BBP) will include a substantial percentage of affordable housing, according to BBP's Request for Proposals (RFP), issued on Tuesday.
In synch with Mayor Bill de Blasio's ten-year plan to build or preserve 200,000 affordable units, BBP said the development would incorporate approximately 130,000 square feet of housing affordable to middle- and moderate-income residents.
A temporary improvement meant to make things easier for G train riders during the five-week summer suspension of the northern part of the line has been hailed by elected officials and transit advocacy groups. However, some said that the measure should be continued on a year-round basis.
The MTA announced this Wednesday that from July 26 to Sept. 1, a free "walking transfer" will be available between the G train's Broadway station and the J/M lines nearby Lorimer Street station.
Alison Bechdel, creator of the critically-acclaimed comic strip "Dykes to Watch Out For," was featured as part of the latest installment of the Brooklyn Academy of Music's Eat, Drink & Be Literary series, co-presented by the National Book Awards, that took place at the BAMCafe on Wednesday night.
Preparing the details for one's wedding—a monumental milestone in the lives of many couples—is as tedious and cumbersome as it is exciting. Couples create back-up plans for the inclement weather, but what about when the wedding venue itself closes without notice? A number of New York couples are scrambling to find an alternate venue to host their weddings after the unexpected closing of popular Brooklyn venue reBar last week.
State Supreme Court Justice Johnny Lee Baynes astounded a courtroom filled with lawyers, litigants and residents on Thursday when he asked attorneys for three competing bidders for Brooklyn's Long Island College Hospital (LICH) to gather behind closed doors to try to work out a joint plan to keep the embattled hospital in operation.
The unusual settlement negotiations could break through a logjam of burgeoning litigation threatening to tie up SUNY's sale of the hospital for months or even years.
This Saturday's Brooklyn Half Marathon, beginning near the Brooklyn Museum and extending to the Coney Island boardwalk, is expected to draw 25,000 runners to the borough. But before the athletes set out on their journey, they must pick up their race materials…and party.
Brooklyn was dealt a sensational blow when popular restaurant, bar and wedding venue reBar abruptly shut its doors with only a trite email from owner Jason Stevens stating to employees: "ReBar is bankrupt and closed. Please dispose of your keys and do not enter the premises. Please forward to any staff not included." Now out of a job, many former reBar employees are wondering where to turn.
Artist Joe LoGuirato has been a painter and a sculptor for all of his adult life. But it's safe to say that he has never poured as much emotion into his work as he did when he created the 26 pieces featured in his latest exhibition, now showing at the Urban Folk Art Gallery on Smith Street.


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A reversible ratiometric sensor for intracellular Cu2+ imaging: metal coordination-altered FRET in a dual fluorophore hybrid
Corresponding authors
State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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Chem. Commun., 2013,49, 7632-7634
Received 22 Apr 2013, Accepted 24 Jun 2013
First published online 24 Jun 2013
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Men's Hoops at Ole Miss, Sat., Feb. 1, Oxford, Miss., Tad Smith Coliseum | TV: SEC TV/ESPN3 | SEC TV Affiliates | Radio: Gamecock Radio Network | Game Notes | Live Stats | @GamecockMBB on Twitter | Tickets
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Paris Notebook: The Vélib'
Dartmouth has had several failed experiments with free bicycle plans; it seems students would rather throw bikes into the Connecticut or into the woods, or pilfer their seats, rather than safeguard them for the community. Little surprise there for political philosophers of a skeptical bent. However here in Paris, technology has ridden to the rescue in the form of a community bicycle system that does not depend on intrinsic human honesty: the Vélib'.
Linked by the Internet, there are Vélib' bike stations all over Paris, putatively never more than 300 meters from each other. The stand outside our apartment has slots for 40 bikes. You can sign up for a year-long plan for €29 ($38) or for shorter-term agreements, and from then on you have the right to take as many half-hour rides for free as you wish. If you keep a Vélib' for longer than 30 minutes, you start to pay progressively steeper rental fees, though you can repeatedly return a Vélib' to a rental stand and immediately rent it out again by swiping your personal Vélib' RFID card over one of the bike stands and releasing a new bike.
The bikes themselves seem ungainly, but they are surprisingly nimble and functional: three speeds, an always-on LED headlight, a luggage basket in front of the handlebars, handbrakes (often of limited utility due to wear) and an adjustable seat. A good number of the bikes seem out of commission at any given time: that which can be broken will be broken either by intention or excessive use. One hopes that future generations of bikes will benefit from this experience. All in all, this much used and widely liked system seems destined to be with us for a good while.
Note: For those of you whose French I professor taught you that the French word for bicycle is "bicyclette," please erase that erroneous fact from your mind. The French universally employ the word "vélo" (rhymes with "halo" but with the accent on the first syllable).
Addendum: The Vélib' system is the biggest free bike system in the world. It was modeled after the Vélo'v project in Lyons, France, though that system had other, smaller-scale precursors. Since then a number of cities have followed on, including Montreal, Copenhagen, Luxembourg City, Dublin, London, Minneapolis, Melbourne and Ottawa. Free bike systems are currently planned for Boston, Washington DC and Mexico City. A friendly Dartblog reader informs us that the Minnesota system, Nice Ride Minnesota, has an attractive website.
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All 298 Key & Peele Sketches, Ranked
In related news, the author of this post has no desire to watch Key & Peele ever again.By Lucas Kavner
In related news, the author of this post has no desire to watch Key & Peele ever again.By Lucas Kavner
Their willingness to skewer racial expectations is always accompanied by an optimism that we can be more than how society sees us.By E. Alex Jung
Five seasons and a movie?By E. Alex Jung
The crazier the hair, the closer to God.By E. Alex Jung
Those lavalier mics can be very tricky!By E. Alex Jung
"Don't nobody want to hear your bullshit, newbie!"By E. Alex Jung
"Don't you f*ck me out there, Barack! You son of a— "By Greg Cwik
"If I had to identify it, I would call it a gun of the long-ass variety."By Devon Ivie
Plus: the reboot of Wet Hot American Summer vs. the reboot of Arrested Development.By Gazelle Emami, Jesse David Fox and Matt Zoller Seitz
Ooookay.By E. Alex Jung
The comedians announced that this is their decision, not Comedy Central's.By Greg Cwik
Step. Back.By E. Alex Jung
It's a comedy bit.By Jesse David Fox
"I'm leaning into the idea that they're from Arkansas, and there's some trashy nugget of her that lies behind Hillary's exterior."By Nate Jones
"I feel like Jordan would win an award if this were a drama."By Lucas Kavner
The Hannibal Lecter of telemarketers, basically.By Sean Fitz-Gerald
No homo.By E. Alex Jung
This is no dance-off.By E. Alex Jung
"Skerplackus!"By Nate Jones
Welcome to Negrotown.By E. Alex Jung


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Release Date:
February 22, 1990
Pianist Marcus Roberts' second album as a leader is plagued by an excess of seriousness and an overly high if noble sense of purpose that made one wonder if writer Stanley Crouch was starting to influence Roberts. The music is often so dry and sober as to be lacking the joy of life. The six Roberts originals, although referred to by Crouch in the liner notes as blues, have the feeling rather than the 12-bar structure of the blues and are generally quite melancholy. Roberts utilizes several of Wynton Marsalis' sidemen including the trumpeter himself (under the pseudonym of E. Dankworth) and the expert wa-wa trombone of Wycliffe Gordon, who gives the date a much needed dose of humor. Marcus Roberts also plays quite well but one wishes he had lightened up a bit. Scott Yanow, Rovi
- Genre: Jazz
- Subgenre: Hard Bop, New Orleans/Classic Jazz, Soul Jazz/Groove
- Category Hard Bop, Post-Bop, Stride
- Artist: Marcus Roberts
other Info.
- Online Item #: 13848911
- Store Item Number (DPCI): 244-22-6343
- Made in the USA or Imported


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Which is the best UK mobile network of all
We've spent 5 days looking at the UK mobile service providers and asking ourselves which is the best one to be with for all sorts of different categories? Now that the hard work is done, it's time to zoom out and take a look at the bigger picture.
Trying to weigh the results according to how important each category is, while taking account of the closeness between some of the ranked positions on the different trials and then packaging that all together into one final result has proved nigh on impossible. But we've had a stab at it all the same. The overall table is at the bottom, but for a quick recap of the story so far, here's how the category awards went.
Best for roaming
The mobile provider that's best to be with when using your mobile abroad was a particularly difficult one to judge given that some networks were better in some areas than others. While Virgin Media was the king of text and Orange was the one who you wanted to receive calls through, when push came to came shove, Vodafone appeared to be the champion here.
Best for handsets
Now that everyone bar Virgin Media has the iPhone to boast, you have to dig a little deeper to see who's leading the charge on the hardware front. We looked at the number of different models available, the range of manufacturers represented, while factoring in the quality of device on offer and ultimately handed the prize over to O2. Have a look to see how your provider worked out.
Best for help and technical support
One area that we hope you'll never have to worry about is support, but whether you're having issues with your account or your phone's become bricked, you'll very quickly discover how willing your provider is to help out.
We took a look at which of the UK networks made best use of social tools to listen to and teach their customers some ideas, as well as having a dig around their websites for other means of getting tips and suggestions. While only one of the providers used an all important live IM chat channel for help, it was T-Mobile that came out on top with a clear understanding of how to prevent you having to telephone the dreaded call centre. While four of the networks proved adequate in our tests which three do you think failed dismally?
Best network infrastructure
Coverage, capacity, consistency and speed - these are the things we want to sign up to when we take out those contracts. We took a look at why network infrastructure matters and why certain providers were more likely to give you a decent signal. A few of them already have a helping hand in terms of things like bandwidth and frequency allocation but, as we saw, that picture is set to change very soon indeed. For the moment, Vodafone is the clear winner here, but if you want to know just why they drop fewer calls than anyone else then have a read of the article.
Best Network of them all
So after getting out the abacus and sliding a few of the beads from one end to the other, we decided that Vodafone is the best network of them all, just pipping O2 in a photo finish. One step down comes another very close run thing with T-Mobile taking up third place and Three just after in fourth. Orange is a good drop below those two in fifth, followed not far behind by Virgin Mobile and finally Tesco Mobile propping up the table.
Now, that said, one thing we did not take into account was value on price plans. While you'll find most phone agreements work out as somewhere near the same, we should point out examples such as Three's latest idea of The One Plan, offering all you can eat SIM-only for £25 per month, and the fact that Tesco Mobile offers the cheapest iPhone 4 tariff on the market.
On top of that, there are some serious changes afoot. The Orange/T-Mobile merger into Everything Everywhere will finally represent a serious challenge to O2 and Vodafone who have enjoyed top spot for quite some time now. Three will also be riding on the coat tails there, with its use of Orange's 2G network and the 3G network share agreement with T-Mobile set to continue as well.
Throw into the mix that mobile termination rates are set to go down and that a whole bunch of more useful, more penetrating radio frequencies are about to be offered up for mobile networks and we could be looking at a very different situation come this time next year. In which case, we'll make sure to have a recount when the dust settles. Until then, happy calling.
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Comfort Suites Rock Hill
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... hopefully- fingers crossed!). Having a blast!! Just need to find a pair of nice basketball shoes in my size :) haha - Em McCann Having such a fantastic time with these great team mates off and on the court. Food has been great and very cheap for such large meals, just as well we're making up for it on the court.The weather has been the only thing miserable so far for me! Raining >:( - Kayla Young This has been such an amazing tour, just loving america ...


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H.R.3869 - Freedom and Flexibility to Rebuild Act of 2005109th Congress (2005-2006)
|Rep. Flake, Jeff [R-AZ-6] (Introduced 09/22/2005)
|House - Transportation and Infrastructure
|Latest Action:
|09/23/2005 Referred to the Subcommittee on Highways, Transit and Pipelines.
This bill has the status Introduced
Here are the steps for Status of Legislation:
- Introduced
Subject — Policy Area:
- Transportation and Public Works
- View subjects
Summary: H.R.3869 — 109th Congress (2005-2006)All Bill Information (Except Text)
There is one summary for this bill. Bill summaries are authored by CRS.
Shown Here:
Introduced in House (09/22/2005)
Freedom and Flexibility to Rebuild Act of 2005 - Amends the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users to revise the allocation of specified surface transportation projects for the states of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama to allow such states to designate other eligible transportation projects for such projects.


text:
Bon Iver's Grammys poster is far worse than Skrillex's
The past 24 hours have been admittedly strange for the cult of Justin Vernon. As has already been discussed in detail, Bon Iver's self-titled, pastoral folk album is up for four Grammys at the February 12 show, and these are in major categories that seem to be within reach. Vernon recently publicly expressed that this whole type of attention from the Recording Academy makes him uncomfortable.
In addition to his whole "Everyone should go home, this is ridiculous" thing, if Bon Iver wins at the 54th annual Grammy Awards, he should not thank the Academy's art department for what they've done to his body. Pictured in full below, the poster intended to accompany an annoying "We Are Music" website -- that you probably shouldn't access unless you're prepared to crash your browser -- is a crude bit of "this guy sings about winter stuff, so let's put him in an icy motif" design.
Before we continue, this is the whole damn thing:
This, and the rest of the "We Are Music" posters have been kicking around online for at least a week, but those looking for a fresh tie-in to Vernon's quite-old comments about the Grammys and an amusing little Bon Jovi meme, latched onto the poster yesterday. Not only is the shot rather unflattering to begin with, it almost looks like he's extending the middle finger of his strumming hand.
In all probability, the record label pressure on Bon Iver to perform on the Grammys will be to great for him to turn it down, especially if he's going to win things. He could always take a page out of the Arcade Fire's book and instead of BMX bikes encircling him onstage, have a bunch of snowshoeing folks set the tone.
Will this "leaking" of the poster lead to more viewership? The 350,000-ish folks who purchased Bon Iver aren't anywhere close to the other artists in the campaign -- Adele, Foo Fighters, Paul McCartney, er, Skrillex -- boost the night could get.
Still, I'm far more surprised today that Skrillex fans aren't talking about how excellent his poster turned out. If there's anything that seems to capture the essence of what his fans see, feel, and hear -- in all the ways that the Bon Iver poster does not -- it's this poster (below).
So far, searches for "Skrillex Grammy poster" yield very little. If there's a market to tap into for bridging the gap to future viewers for the show, it would seem that focusing on an artist embraced by a bunch of non-cynic kids, who literally have no idea what a Grammy is, would be a smarter bet than a bunch of over-literate white people who probably feel that they should not be gathering in a big room and looking at each other and pretending that this is important.
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The Buzz is our strongest cleanser. The Buzz has the same ingredients as our regular Total Detox but the concentrated formula is FIVE TIMES stronger. For the deepest system cleanse, use The Buzz 5X! Be sure to add SuperMAXX Accelerator Caplets to your order.
Showing reviews 1-10 of 41 | Next
Posted by Unknown on 28th Jun 2015
Take with the booster pills if you need a deep cleanse. Follow directions to the T....Excellent results
Posted by Esteban Avitia on 21st Oct 2014
Clean and passed
Posted by Unknown on 26th May 2014
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Posted by Mary Jane Is My Lesbian Lover on 8th Jun 2013
I took the Stinger 5x after 16 days clean. I was pretty scared I had meat 3 nights prior so that my PH balance and my creatine levels where up. I also had some carrots and OJ early that morning at 7am,so my pee doesn't look too diluted, after that I kept drinking cranberry juice with oranges squeezed in it. After 11 am I drank half gallon of water but, that's only because I'm a small 95 pound girl but I guess If you're bigger you can drink more water. I was clean 15 days and I am a heavy everyday smoker this is the reason I bought the heavy duty Stinger 5x. I tested myself before I went and passed the dip test faint line of course but it still counts. Next day my new boss called me to start work the following week! Thanks Stinger!
Posted by Unknown on 1st May 2013
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Posted by ReD EyE BlAzE on 2nd Apr 2013
As with everyone else here, read up on Stinger products. Had to test at a HOSPITAL for a drug screening. I'm right around the 230 mark, so I doubled up on the BUZZ 5X. I'm a HEAVY user, and honestly, was scared SH!TLESS that I wouldn't pass. I had somewhat of an advanced notice, and was able to give myself 8 days instead of the 48 hr window.
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Posted by purp_blaza on 16th Feb 2013
Couple of weeks ago I was reading this reviews trying to identify if Stinger The Buzz 5x was going to work again for me, I tried the product on my last drug test and passed with no problems at all, this time I got announced that the next day I was going to get drug tested, for 8 years I've been smoking high end medicinal grade herb every day and knew the chances where slim. Last time I did it following precise instructions and didn't consumed any "toxins" for 48 hours , this time had smoked 30 hours before the test and I PASSED WITH STINGER THE BUZZ 5x !!!
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used it...and it works!
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Posted by Unknown on 14th Jan 2013
Smoked 6 days before random military drug test and passed with no questions asked! Dishonorable discharge is worse than a felony, I understand that I live by a different standard than civilians, but I made a mistake and thanks to stinger I didn't have to learn the hard way. 5 star product, pricey but well worth it!
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Hair Street Style: 20 Reasons Why Howard U. Is Far From Basic view
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