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Our family of 4, with kids aged 1 and 4, will have 8 full days in the area, including 4 days that we have to spend in estes park for my husband's conference.We plan to spend the first 3 days in boulder visiting friends and acclimatizing the kids, since we live at sea level. From there, do you recommend 6 days based in estes, or 2 in grand lake and 4 in estes, or another option? We are into nature and hiking, though the hikes will all be easy hikes that a 4 year old can do.
We will do the drive through the park one day, and an advantage to only staying in estes is that we can choose which day based on weather.
We will be there in late September.
Thanks for your advice!
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grand lake or just estes park for Rocky Mt National Park visit?
Our family of 4, with kids aged 1 and 4, will have 8 full days in the area, including 4 days that we have to spend in estes park for my husband's conference.We plan to spend the first 3 days in boulder visiting friends and acclimatizing the kids, since we live at sea level. From there, do you recommend 6 days based in estes, or 2 in grand lake and 4 in estes, or another option? We are into nature and hiking, though the hikes will all be easy hikes that a 4 year old can do.
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I would broaden your horizon. I would be more concerned with the adults acclimatizing than the kids. The kids will be fine but the acclimatizing will be limited. On average you adjust about a 1000 feet per day. So just be carefully and drink lot of water as you needs to make about 20% more red corpuscles to carry the oxygen.
Estes Park is just on the edge of the mountains. I would consider moving another hundred miles into the heart of the mountains. Somewhere like Frisco or Breckenridge depending on what you like. Frisco is the heart of the bike paths through Summit Cty. From there you could do a couple of day trips through Leadville to Aspen and around through Glenwood Canyon.
Great hiking, better on bikes, trail in Leadville called the Mineral Belt trail.
Need to watch the weather and bring warm clothing. While the weather should be very pleasant in late September, it can also be cold and snowy at the higher elevations.
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"8 full days in the area, including 4 days that we have to spend in estes park for my husband's conference.We plan to spend the first 3 days in boulder"
Does this mean 3 (Boulder) + 4 (Estes Park conference) leaving 1 day? That would preclude travel farther west into Colorado. If you are limited to the EP-Grand Lake area, you might think about staying a bit past Grand Lake, in Winter Park (http://www.winterparkresort.com, check out "summer") and enjoying the mountain and area activities there.
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Sorry, to clarify, we'll arrive on Friday, depart Boulder on Sunday, and have to be in Estes Park on Wednesday. So we'll have 2 full days/3 nights to either spend in Estes Park or eleswhere. I'm wondering if it's worth going to Grand Lake for a few days, or elsewhere, though we don't want to drive too much with little ones who get antsy in the car.
Also, I am more concerned about my kids than my and my husband's acclimatization since my husband and I already know how we handle different altitudes, whereas our kids haven't been above about 5,000 ft. Even 3 nights does help some, at least in my experience.
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You may think you know, but I am often surprised when I go to Denver--sometimes easy, sometimes not. I don't think you need all the time to do it you are describing. WATER WATER WATER--and make the kids DO it. That is the ultimate acclimization.
I would do something like Fmden suggested--now that we know your day schedule. Go on to Frisco/Breckenridge for a couple of days. Breck has a good recreation center the kids might enjoy.
Then come back through Grand Lake to the western entrance of the RMNP and go on to Estes.
It would be a shame not to enjoy more of the mountains. Actually on the way to Frisco on i70 you can do a gold mine tour and a train ride in Idaho Springs.
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I wonder if two nights in Boulder would be enough to get acclimated, unless you want to spend the extra time with your friends.
I suggest a loop from Boulder to Grand Lake to Estes. That's a lot less driving than going to Breckenridge first, then Grand Lake, and Estes.
Take a look at Grand Lake Lodge, but I'm not sure if it's open when you'll be there. It is not open year-round.
A fabulous place in nearby Tabernash is Devil's Thumb Ranch. Pricey, but worth every penny. In September they might have low season specials.
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The train is in Georgetown at the foot of the climb to the tunnels. Called the Georgetown loop.
Cause and effects of altitude sickness is not well understood. You can go to high altitude four times with no problems and have a reaction on the fifth time. The drive from Boulder to Breckenridge if about two hours if you go via Golden and three using Boulder canyon. Either way you can break it at Georgetown.
I am one of the locals on this site that gets accused of not liking E Park because it is not my first recommendation. There is a lot more to Colorado than just E Park. To me it is overly touristy especially in September. However, the drive over Trail Ridge Road is terrific as is the park. Just not a big fan of E Park.
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Note that late September is the elk rut in RMNP, one of the premier wildlife events in the western USA, IMHO. You are there at a good time to see that, several good viewing places near Estes.
The suggested loop of Summit County -> Grand Lake -> Estes is a classic and well worth doing. Checked Google maps for driving times and see if that fits into your comfort zone.
Do keep an eye on the weather forecast as mentioned. An early storm can close Trail Ridge Road for a while.
Acclimatization is unpredictable. I've spent months above 14,000' on various trips so have some experience. As Gretchen says drink water, water, water! But spending a few nights in Boulder first will definitely help.
Fodorite wtm003 has posted a link to this site before, these are all excellent easy RMNP hikes, though my favorites of Hallowell Park and the Cub Lake loop are not on the list:
Have a great trip!
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I agree about Estes/RMNP, just because it gets swamped with tourists who don't do any research to check out everything else CO has to offer.
But the OP has to be there for a conference.
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Thanks for the correction--I thought that might be wrong. Kids love this.
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There is a huge train museum in Golden which kids and adults like. Mostly outdoors with a large inside model railroad display. That is worth a couple of hours.
Recognize that OP has to be there for a conference but has a few off days to fill with the question being whether to spend the extra time in Estes or elsewhere.
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This is great advice, thank you all. I generally dislike touristy towns near great parks (Gaitlinburg TN, Jackson WY) so I like the idea of not just being in Estes Park. My son would love that train, and the trip from Boulder to Georgetown to Grand Lake isn't too much to do after we leave after breakfast on Sunday. I'll also look up Breckenridge, though, in case it's not too pricey for a few nights. Thank you again, and more advice is always very appreciatedd!
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Ditto on the Georgetown Loop Railroad and the Colorado Railroad Museum in Golden, fun for all ages. If time for only one probably do the Georgetown loop.
For nice, reasonably priced accommodation in Breck check out the Wedgewood Lodge.
My wife and I spent 5 nights over two trips there last fall and thought it was perfect.
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You should be able to catch some good, discount prices at Breckenridge because it is between the summer programs and the winter ski season. Since it is a ski resort town, there is a lot of lodging.
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Don't overlook Frisco also. cute little town not at a ski area, but neat. As said, you can get things at all levels. Please do go on to Frisco/Breck to see the mountains there.
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Yes, that will be true of any of the ski towns; try VRBO for condos. There should be lots to do: http://www.breckenridge.com/info/summer.aspx
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Just to clarify, if you drive I-70 West, you won't go all the way to Georgetown if you are headed to Grand Lake. You'd take the Empire/Winter Park exit, drive over Berthoud Pass through Winter Park, Tabernash and Granby. The road to Grand Lake connects right near Granby.
Going to Georgetown puts you at the top of the Eisenhower tunnel entrance, and heads down to Summit County. You can get to Grand Lake that direction, but it's a LONG drive.
Berthoud Pass is not as scary as people make it out to be. Especially in September.
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But if they want to go to Georgetown and Frisco they continue on I70. Then returning to get to Estes Park they can take Route 9 at Silverthorne to Kremmling and then 34 (?) over to Grand Lake and the western entrance to RMNP.
No one is talking about Berthoud Pass being scary in September.
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That's a LONG route, and they don't want to drive too much with the kiddos.
Which is why I recommended they skip Summit County, go to Grand County through Winter Park, and take the Grand Lake entrance to RMNP:
"I suggest a loop from Boulder to Grand Lake to Estes. That's a lot less driving than going to Breckenridge first, then Grand Lake, and Estes."
The OP only has two nights/three days to fill.
Gretchen, no need to get defensive. People in general think Berthoud is scary. That's all I'm saying.
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It isn't all that far really, and several of us are suggesting that a trip deeper into the mountains like Frisco would be fun--as would the train--for the kids. They have 3 days before they need to be in Estes Park.
We have actually done that loop--through the Park and down the other side, even stopping to fly fish.
It is just another suggestion--IF they decide to do summit county.
For the OP, to give you an idea, of distance/time, from Denver to Frisco is under 2 hours driving time. Someone could tell you from Boulder, and Georgetown is before Frisco/Breckenridge.
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Winter Park is "deeper into the mountains".
They only have two nights, and don't want to drive that much. I don't get the Summit County fixation myself.
Last time I drove that back route, from Vail over to Tabernash, it was in the summer and it took almost two hours. They are driving further than that, to Grand Lake and into the park?? Doesn't make sense just to see Summit. There's plenty to do in Grand County.
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For a scenic route:
From Boulder, I'd go up Boulder Canyon (119), go through Nederland, stay on 119 up to Central City, then take the new Central City Parkway to I-70. On I70 west to 40, over Berthoud Pass, down into Winter Park (lots of places to stay, things to do). An easy drive (the day you need to be in Estes) on 40 to 34, past Shadow Mt. Lake and Lake Granby (lunch at Grand Lake Lodge: http://grandlakelodge.rtrk.com/?scid=2162754&kw=14863663&pub_cr_id=9339692628B) and then over Trail Ridge Road right into Estes Park.
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sylvia, that's a good plan.
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The nice thing about Estes Park is a large selection of accommodations, restaurants and activities for the kids, especially since you will only be doing short hikes, you'll need something else for the kids to do the rest of the day (miniature golf, marina, family amusement park, etc)!
If you think the kids won't get too bored, I would make the scenic drive across the park on Trail Ridge Road - at least up to the visitor's center. They have a nice gift shop and cafeteria up there to stop for lunch/snack.
The best hiking is on the east side of the park (Estes Park area), and there are lots of easy hikes to choose from:
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If you have not made reservations in Estes I would highly recommend http://ymcarockies.org/ it's a great all inclusive place to stay with kids. Sylvia has a great plan.
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Saturday, October 3
Activity Room
Ages: 3-5 years and their caregivers, siblings welcome!
Drop-in, No Registration
It's Favorite Stories Saturday! On the first Saturday of every month, a Children's Librarian will share her favorite stories with you! Drop by for stories and stay to make a craft together. The stories are selected for the 3-5 year old audience and their caregivers, but siblings are welcome. Get a great start on your 1st Saturday. See you soon.
Wednesdays, September 9, 16, and 30; October 7, 14, 21 and 28
Activity Room
Ages: birth-12 months and their grown-ups
Drop-in, No Registration
Looking for something to do with your infant or toddler? Come join us for Baby Rhyme Time, a program for babies one year and under and their caregivers. We'll sing songs, learn rhymes,
finger plays and more in this fun, interactive program.
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Mondays, September 21, 28, October 5, 19, 26 & November 2
Children's Activity Room
Ages: 12 months – 23 months with their caregivers
Registration is required
"Wonderful Ones" is a child/caregiver program that includes music, puppets, books, and age-appropriate play. It's a great way to start your week!
Registration begins Monday, September 14 at 9:00am; in-person or by phone: (860) 344-8479.
Due to high demand for this program, registration is limited to Middletown residents only.
Wednesdays, September 23;
October 7, 14, 21, 28
Children's Activity Room
Ages: 24 months – 35 months and their caregiver.
Registration is required.
"Twos are Terrific" is a program for two year olds and their caregivers that include stories, songs, play, crafts and music.
Registration begins Wednesday, September 16 at 9am, in person or by phone: (860) 344-8479. Due to high demand for this program, registration is limited to Middletown residents only. Back to Top↑
Thursdays, September 24, October 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29
Children's Activity Room
Ages: 3 – 5 years of age
Registration is required
"Preschool Power" is a fun, energetic mix of stories, finger plays, puppets, music, dance, and crafts. We'll also have time to just play! Come enjoy stories old and new. We'll be using craft materials, so dress appropriately!
Registration begins Thursday, September 17 at 9:00am; in person or by phone: (860) 344-8479. Back to Top↑
Fridays, 4:00-5:30 pm
September 25, October 16 & 30
Ages: 6-12
Activity Room
Drop-in, no registration
Due very small parts we ask that children be
6 – 12 years old!
Children ages 6 - 12 are invited to join the Builders' Club 4-5:30pm on Fridays (see dates above), in the Activity Room. Join us for afternoons of building with the bricks we all know and love. Come build with your favorite interlocking blocks! Each week we will have a challenge, and if you're lucky, your creation will be chosen to be displayed in our glass case. Due to the small pieces utilized, we ask that only those children 6 – 12 years of age be actively involved in the program and that they stay and help put pieces away. Perhaps your "littles" would enjoy our newly reopened Parenting Room.
No registration is required. Back to Top↑


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Dec 13, 1966
|Filing date
|Apr 20, 1964
|Priority date
|Apr 22, 1963
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Cornelis Bezemer, Meijs Franciscus H, Zanten Marinus Van
|Original Assignee
|Shell Oil Co
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (10), Classifications (20)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
Dec. 13, 1966 Q BEZEMER ET AL METHOD FOR TBEATING A IDERMEABLE MASS 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed April 20, 1964 SOLUTION DRIVE FLUID OTHER STRATA OIL DISPLACING LIQUID SPACER LIQUID FIG.
gom TAKEN FROM FORMATION I OTHER STRATA FIG. 2
CORNELIS BEZEMER FRANCISCUS H. IVIEIJS MARINUS VAN ZANTEN BY: M @n THEIR ATTORNEY Dec. 13, 1966 c. BEZEMER ET AL 3,29L2l3 METHOD FOR TREATING A PERMEABLE MASS Filed April 20, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 NON POROUS FORMATIONS Pif-L, V
A", wATERBEA'mNG :PoRous NON-POROUS H3 Il? FORMATlONS INVENTORS.
CORNELIS BEZEMER FRANCiSCUS H. MEIJS MARINUS VAN ZANTEN BYr MX M THElR ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,291,213 METHDD FOR TREATING A PERMEABLE MASS Cornelis Bezemer, Franciscus H. Meijs, and Marinus van Zanten, all of Rijswijk, Netherlands, assgnors to Shell Oil Company, New York, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware Filed Apr. 20, 1964, Ser. No. 361,013 Claims priority, application Great Britain, Apr. 22, 1963, 15,776/ 63 7 Claims. (Cl. 166--33) This invention relates to a method for treating a permeable earth mass. According to this invention, use is made of an epoxy compound which on hardening either iills the pore space of the permeable mass or forms a film covering the walls of the pore space of said mass. The earth mass treated according to this invention may be originally consolidated, partly consolidated or unconsolidated. It may be above ground or underground.
The method according to the invention wherein the hardened epoxy compound lills the pore space of a permeable mass may be applied for plugging purposes in case the mass is to be tight against the passage of uids, which is often required in dams or dikes, in holes dug in the ground, or to close the communication between a subsurface formation containing oil, water or gas and the interior of a well or mine-shaft penetrating such formation. It may be employed for foundation purposes, wherein the strength of a mass has to be improved, for example, to strengthen the subsurface soil below buildings, or at the lower ends of piles.
In the method according to the invention wherein the hardened epoxy compound forms a lilrn covering the Walls of the pore space of a permeable mass, the original permeability of a mass is substantially retained; this method is, therefore, particularly suitable to provide a bond between the loose grains of a subsurface formation which is penetrated by a well, to prevent the grains from being entrained by Ifluid passing into or out of the formation. In particular when such a well is used as a production well for producing gas, water or oil from a subsurface formation, considerable damage can be done to the production equipment by those grains which are carried by the fluid flow to the well head, While the coarser grains, which accumulate in the producting section of the well, can reduce the wells production rate to Such an extent that it is not possible to produce the well economically. Consolidation according to this invention can completely prevent such sand damage.
This invention will be illustrated Iby reference to the attached drawing, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a vertical section through a well borehole, diagrammatically illustrating the injection of a resin solution into a formation for sand consolidation with retentention -of permeability;
FIG. 2 is a vertical section 'through the same well borehole shofwn in FIG. l, illustrating the production of oil from the treated formation.
FIG. 3 is a vertical section through a well borehole, illustrating injection of resin solution into la formation for purpose of plugging.
This invention is espectially useful in the consolidation of unconsolidated sand formations surroundin-g the boreholes of oil Wells. The remainder of the description therefore will be largely directed to such sand consolidation.
One of the requirements of a good consolidation method is that it can be applied at the various temperatures which are to be expected in the formations. Further, it is required that the lbond formed by the hardened resin between the particles or grains of the formation will be resistant to formation liuids and/ or to chemicals inject- 3,291,213 Patented Dec. 13, 1966 ed into lthe formation, as well as to movements in the neighboring unconsolidated parts of the forma-tion. `On the other hand, the amount yof resin required to give the formation the necessary mechanical strength should not excessively impair the permeability thereof, so that a ow of fluids from the formation to the well, or vice versa, will remain possible. This is of ut-most importance when consolidating formations having `a low permeability. This invention meets the stated requirement for a good sand consolidation method.
Various resins have been employed in attempts -to provide satisfactory consolidation of sand-producing formations. This invention provides an improvement of a recently developed and commercialized method which comprises the steps of:
(a) Preparing a solution of an epoxy compound and one of certain curing agents in a hydrocarbon solvent;
(Ib) Injecting the solution into the pore space of a suitably prepared earth mass or formation; and
(c) Retaining the solution in the mass for a sutiicient time to permit an intermediate resinous product to separate from the solution, deposit on the particles of the mass and cure to a hard, cross-linked resin, or for the whole solution to gel and ll the pore space.
One of the advantages of said method and yof this invention over the use of phenolic resins and over some previously described methods of utilizing epoxy resins for the consolidation of earth formations is that all reactants required to produce the resinous cement are present in a single batch of liquid. As will be described hereinafter, it is desirable to -pretreat the formation to be consolidated with a Iwater-displacing liquid, if desired preceded by an oil-displacing liquid and followed by a spacer liquid. These do not exert any significant chemical action on the earth formation, serving merely to remove any unbound water from the formation. A spacer liquid may not be needed, for example, when the waterdisplacing liquid is compatible with the resin solution.
A particularly desirable aspect of said method and of this invention is that the amine not only serves as curing agen-t but also has the property of imparting surfactant characteristics to the partially cured resin which precipitates from solution, causing said resin to preferentially adhere to grains of the formation. The amine is preferably employed in at least 5% molar excess over the amount stoichiometrically required to react with all the epoxy groups of the uncured epoxy resin. By preparing the resin amine solution in this manner the bond between precipitated resin and the sand grains of originally water-wet earth formation is greatly improved.
lf precipitated resin were present in the solution when it reaches the formation it would tend to cause the undesired eifects described above. It is, therefore, an important aspect of said method and of this invention that the solution is prepared in a controlled manner to prevent any precipitation of solid resin prior to the time the solution is completely injected into the formation to be treated. This is accomplished by selecting the type and/or concentration of the components of the resin-forming solution in a manner described hereinafter in greater detail, and by preventing contact of the solution, prior to injection into the formation, with materials which would precipitate resin therefrom.
A signicant distinctive characteristic of said method and of this invention as applied to sand consolidation is that properly composed treating solutions can retain partial reaction product of polyepoxide and amine in solution until the treating composition is placed in the formation, and thereafter permit partially cured product to separate as a viscous, insoluble liquid phase which preferentially -Wets sand grains. Solutions of other resin at such a stage of partial curing tend to form gels which do not selectively wet the grains of the formation and hence are not able to result in a treated formation which still retains the major proportion of its original permeability to oil. Also, formations treated according to this invention, in which resin cementing takes place at the contact points of the individual grains of the formation, are stronger than similar formations treated by other methods.
The period elapsing between the moment of preparation of the solution and the moment at which the first droplets of resin separate from this solution or the first evidence of gelling is observed is called the Initial Resin Separation time; this will be referred to hereinafter as IRS time.
So as to prevent plugging of the area over which the solution enters the mass, the solution has to be injected into t-he mass before gelling or separation of resin droplets therefrom. It will be clear that the IRS time has to be longer than the time required to pump the solution from the spot where the solution has been prepared into the mass which is to be treated.
As the IRS time is shortened by an increase of the temperature under which the reaction between the epoxy compound and the curing agent takes place, difficulties when treating high-temperature masses (such as formations lying at great depths) are often encountered, specically when long injection periods are required, e.g., when treating masses having low -injectivity. Then even a small, unexpected delay in the pumping operation when transporting the solution down the hole to the -formation to be treated will result in a separation of resin from the solution or gelling of the solution before the solution has entered the formation. The resin then plu-gs the pores of the area over which the solution should enter the formation. Consequently the pressure required to inject the solution into the formation rises above the working pressure of the injection pumps, which stall, leaving the solution in the well, where the resin hardens in situ. A new attempt to treat the formation can be undertaken only after removal of the hardened resin plug deposited on the wall of the well and in the well bore.
This invention now provides a method for utilizing in the above-outlined earth-treating method a curing agent which results in unusually long IRS times and consequently allows the treatment of formations which are at a greater depth or have a higher formation temperature or a lower injectivity than formations which could be treated by previously available methods.
The method for treating a permeable mass according to this invention comprises the steps of:
(a) Preparing a solution of a resinforming epoxide having more than one vicinal epoxy group per molecule, and bis(4aminophenyl)methane as curing agent for said epoxide, in a mixture of highly aromatic hydrocarbon and lower aliphatic ketone, the solvent being characterized by preferential solubility for the intermediate resin product so as to keep dissolved the amount of intermediate resin product formed during the time required to pump said solution into an earth formation to be treated;
(b) Injecting the solution into the pore space of a suitably prepared permeable earth mass or formation; and
(c) Retaining the solution in the mass for a sutlicient time to permit an intermediate resinous product to form, separate as a liquid, and deposit on the particles of the mass or for the whole -solution to gel and fill the pore space, and for the intermediate resin to cure to a hard, cross-linked resin.
The porosity and permeability of the formation to be treated permit estimation of the amount of surface area that should be contacted by the cured resin. The concentration of the resin components (epoxy compound and curing agent) is -selected to -form a solution containing at least 3 and preferably between 5 and 50 percent by volume of resin components, at least sufficient to Contact substantially all of the surface area in the portion of formation to be impregnated by the solution. The range below about 20 percent by volume is generally employed when the permeability of the formation is to be retained in substantial part, and the range above about 20 percent when plugging is desired. The solution is preferably adjusted to retain a viscosity below 100 centipoises at formation conditions.
COMPONENTS USED IN THE TREATING PROCESS Solvents The solvents in which the polyepoxide and curing agent are dissolved to prepare the resin solutions used in this invention are mixtures of predominantly aromatic hydrocarbons with lower aliphatic ketones.
The hydrocarbon component of the solvent may be a single aromatic hydrocarbon or a mixture of at least about 80% by weight aromatic hydrocarbon with saturated non-aromatic hydrocarbons. Suitable aromatic hydrocarbons are benzene or benzene derivatives, e.g., alkyl benzenes such as toluene, xylenes and the like. Other suitable aromatic hydrocarbons are those obtained by extraction of aromatics from kerosene, gas oil, spindle oil, lubricating oil or heavy catalytically cracked cycle oil. A particularly useful aromatic composition is a kerosene extract boiling in the range from 350 to 510 F., e.g., an SO2 kerosene-extract of A.P.I. gravity 25-28", an initial boiling point between 350 and 390 F., an end point between 450 and 510 F., and an aromatics content of at least 80% by weight, the remainder being saturated non-aromatic hydrocarbons.
The ratio of aromatic to non-aromatic hydrocarbons is one of the major determinants of the state in which resin-separation takes place. The other major determinant is the total concentration of resin-forming ingredients. Solutions in which the aromatics content of the hydrocarbon solvent is over 90% by weight tend to gel, rather than permitting the resin to separate out as a separate phase, when the concentration of resin-forming ingredients is between 20 and 50 percent by volume of the solution.
A lower aliphatic ketone is employed in an amount suflicient to cause the amine to remain in solution in the hydrocarbon solvent. The ketone is preferably acetone, but other ketones of from 4 to 7 carbon atoms per molecule may be employed, e.g., methyl ethyl ketone, methyl propyl ketone, diisopropyl ketone or methyl isobutyl ketone. The ketone is generally employed in a concentration in the range from 2 to 20 volume percent of the solution. Use of about ten percent of acetone is generally suitable.
Polyepoxides The polyepoxides used in the process of the invention comprise those organic materials possessing more than one vic-epoxy group, i.e., more than one group. These materials may be saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic. They are referred to herein as resin-forming epoxides or as polyepoxides. In the art, even the uncured materials are often referred to as epoxy resins.
Polyepoxides can be described in terms of epoxy equivalent value, which refers to the number of epoxy groups contained in the average molecule. The meaning of this expression is described in U.S. 2,633,458. If the polyepoxide consists of a single compound and all of the epoxy groups are intact, the epoxy equivalency will be an integer, such as 2, 3, 4 and the like. However, in the case of polymeric polyepoxides many of the materials may contain some of the monomeric monoepoxides or have some of their epoxy groups hydrated or othcrwise reacted and/or contain macromolecules of somewhat different molecular weight so that epoxy equivalent values, though greater than 1.0, may be quite low and may be fractional. The polymeric material may, for example, have epoxy equivalent values such as 1.4, 1.8, 2.5 and the like.
Polyepoxides suitable for conversion to cured epoxy resins are well-known materials of commerce. Many are described in the book Epoxy Resins by Lee and Neville, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1957.
Examples of such polyepoxides are the epoxy polyethers of polyhydric phenols obtained by reacting a polyhydric phenol with a halogen-containing epoxide or dihalohydrin in the presence of an alkaline medium. Polyhydric phenols that can be used for this purpose include, among others, resorcinol, catechol, hydroquinone, methyl resorcinol, and polynuclear phenols such as 2,2bis(4hydroxyphenyl) propane (Bisphenol A), 2,2- bis(4 hydroxypheny1)butane, 4,4 dihydroxybenzophenone, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)etl1ane, 2,2-bis(4hydroxy phenyl)pentane, and 1,S-dihydroxynaphthalene. The halogen-containing epoxides may be further exemplified by 3-chloro-1,2-epoxybutane, 3-bromo-l,2epoxyhexane, 3-chloro-1,2-epoxyoctane, and the like.
The monomer products produced by this method from dihydric phenols and epichlorohydrin may be represented by the general formula complex mixture of glycidyl polyethers of the general formula CH-CHz-O (R-O-CHr-CHOH* CI-I2-O)Ro-CII2-C \orr2 wherein R is a divalent hydrocarbon radical of the dihydric phenol and n is an integer of the series 0, 1, 2, 3, etc. While for any single molecule of the polyether n is an integer, the fact that the obtained polyether is a mixture of compounds causes the determined value for n to be an average which is not necessarily zero or a whole number as noted above.
The aforedescribed preferred glycidyl polyethers of the dihydric phenols are prepared in known manner by reacting the required proportions of the dihydric phenol and the epichlorohydrin in an alkaline medium.
Preferred members of the above-described group of polyepoxides are the glycidyl polyethers of the dihydric phenols, and especially of 2,2bis(4hydroxyphenyl)propane, having an epoxy equivalency between 1.0 and 2.1, preferably at least 1.4, a molecular weight between 250 and 900, and a Durrans Mercury Method softening point preferably no greater than 30 C. Most preferred are the normally liquid products having a molecular weight of about 350 to 400 and an epoxy equivalent of about 1.75 to 2.1, and typically about 1.85, which may be prepared as described under the heading Polyether A in U.S. 2,633,458.
The glycidyl polyethers of polyhydric phenols obtained by condensing the polyhydric phenols with epichlorohydrin as described above are also referred to as ethoxyline resins. See Chemical Week, vol. 69, page 27, for September 8, 1951.
Another group of polyepoxides that may be used comprises the glycidyl ethers of novolak resins, which resins `are obtained by condensing an aldehyde with a polyhydric phenol. Typical members of this class are the epoxy resins from formaldehyde 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pro pane novolak resin.
Curing ugent The curing agent employed according to this invention is bis(4aminophenyl)methane. This material is not sub- 6 stantially soluble in hydrocarbons. However, it has been found that it can be dissolved in a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons and lower aliphatic ketones, as described above.
It is preferred to prepare a concentrate of the curing agent in a mixture of ketone and predominantly aromatic hydrocarbon and age this solution for at least one day before using it in preparing a resin solution. The solutic-n of curing agent should be stored in a closed container to avoid reaction of the amine with carbon dioxide which is present in the atmosphere.
Cure rate modifier Lower aliphatic ketones act as cure-rate retardants. However, use of suflicient ketone to solubilize the amine cannot be avoided in solutions prepared according to this invention. It may, therefore, be necessary to add a cure accelerator or promoter. The use of cure accelerators to promote the curing reaction of amines and polyepoxides is known. An alcohol can be used. Preferred vas a cure accelerator is phenol. Other phenolic compounds also are useful accelerators, eg., dihydric phenols or alkyl-substituted phenols. Proportions may range to 4% by volume, basic solution.
Crude oil' displacing fluids lf the formation to be treated is an oil-bearing one, it may be advantageous to first displace crude oil from the formation. This may be done by any hydrocarbon fluid of reasonably low viscosity, c g., a kerosene, diesel oil, or other middle distillate, which is miscible with the crude oil in the formation.
Water displacing fluids When consolidating part of an underground formation which contains connate water, i.e., liquid water adhering to the grains 0f the formation due to capillary forces, it is usually preferred to remove such connate water before injecting resin solution into the formation. Several types of water removing fluids may be employed for flushing connate water from a formation. The water-removing fluid may `be yan oil solution of a surfactant. A preferred surfactant for this purpose has the formula wherein R is an alkyl group derived from coconut oil, soya oil or tallow. A different group of suitable waterremoving fluids are ketones and alcohols having less than 6 C-atoms per molecule, eg., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
Spacer fluids A spacer fluid may be employed 'between the waterdisplacing fluid and the resin solution. Such a spacer fluid serves, i.a., to prevent untimely precipitation of epoxy resins. Suitable spacer fluid is soluble in the resin solution and non-reactive with the ingredients thereof. Suitable spacer fluids are, in general, the hydrocarbons used as solvents in the polyepoxide solutions, or the hydrocarbon-ketone compositions used as resin solvents. The spacer fluid may have a non-uniform composition. For example, the predominant part, rst pumped into the formation, may be a diesel oil, while the final part contains a substantial admixture of an aromatic hydrocarbon.
Drive fluid In the process of this invention, each of the abovementioned pre-treating fluids is directly followed by the next one, so that the latter serve as drive fluids for the former. The resin solution directly follows the last pretreating fluid.
Some care must be exercised in selecting a drive fluid for the resin solution. As the resin solution should be kept in the part of the formation to be consolidated until the reaction is completed, the injection of the drive fluid should be interrupted as soon as all the resin solution has entered the formation. Care should be taken that the solution r part thereof does not remain in the well as otherwise an impermeable epoxy resin sheath will be formed on the formation face, which will prevent the passage of fluid out of the formation into the well or vice versa. It is equally important, however, to make sure that the solution is not driven too far into the formation, as otherwise those parts of the formation directly surrounding the well will not be consolidated. Therefore a fluid having plastering properties (such as a mud slush) is suitably used as drive medium, as such fluid will form a substantially impermeable sheath on the wall of the formation directly after the resin solution has been forced into the formation, whereby any further displacement of the resin solution in the formation will be prevented. An 'alternative is the use of a gel plug or a mechanical plug between the resin solution and the drive fluid. When such a plug is employed, the drive fluid may be any desired liquid, e.g., crude oil or salt water.
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES In the following examples, the epoxy compound is of the type prepared from 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane and epichlorohydrin as described in U.S. 2,633,458 under the heading Polyether A; it has an epoxy value of about 0.54 eq./100 g., an epoxide equivalent of about 185 an average molecular weight of about 380, and a viscosity at 25 C. in the range from 100 to 160 poises. The hydrocarbon solvent is the above-described hydrocarbon mixture boiling between 370 and 510 F. and having a content of aromatic hydrocarbons in excess of 80%. In the nal solutions the combined concentration of epoxy cornpound and curing agent is about 18 percent by volume.
In the tests, a mass of surface sand having a mean particle size of 0.1 millimeter was consolidated at various curing temperatures by a solution of the compositions shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Curing agent: Bis(4-aminophenyl)methane, 4.5 vol. percent.
Solubility promoter: Acetone, vol. percent.
Epoxy compound: Defined in text, 13.5 vol. percent.
Hydrocarbon solvent: Defined in text, 68-71.75 vol. percent.
Reaction accelerator: Phenol, 0.25-4 Vol. percent.
The weight ratio of curing agent to polyepoxide was 0.33; this ratio, while keeping the combined concentration of curing agent and epoxy compound in the solution constant (in this case 18 vol. percent) had been found to give maximum compressive strength of the mass after consolidation thereof.
In the second column of Table 2 below, the amount of phenol required for obtaining an IRS time of 21/2 hours at various temperatures is shown in grams per liter of solution.
In the third column of Table 2, there is shown the compressive strength at curing temperature of the consolidated mass after one days curing and 3 days flushing with gas oil at curing temperature.
The results as indicated in Table 2 show that use of bis(4-aminophenyl)methane in hydrocarbon-ketone solution extends the range of conditions at which permeable earth masses can be successfully treated with epoxy resin solution to temperatures up to 120 C.; the compressive strength at 120 C. still amounts to a satisfactory value of about 160 kilograms per square centimeter.
For convenience in preparing solutions, about the same results are obtained with solutions containing phenol in a volume percentage corresponding to the above gram per liter concentration, e.g., between 2.0 and 0.75 volume percent for temperatures of 80 C. to 120 C.
The compressive strength can be increased by increasing the concentration of the curing agent and the epoxy compound in the solution while maintaining their ratio constant. This increase in concentration is accompanied by an increasing reduction of permeability. In the above tests, the reduction of permeability lies within the range of 30% to 40%.
Table 3 illustrates the range `of IRS times attainable at different temperatures by varying only the phenol concentration in the composition of Table 1.
The long IRS times attainable are advantageous when injection is to be made under difficult conditions, e.g., into a formation of unusually low injectivity.
In making up the solutions for these tests, an at least one day old concentrate solution of the curing agent in acetone and hydrocarbon was employed to make up the epoxide solution. It was found that with a freshly prepared solution, or when the curing agent was directly dissolved in the total epoxide-hydrocarbon-acetone mixture, the IRS times were 12% less than those given in the tables.
A preferred method of practicing the present invention in consolidating an underground formation with retention of permeability will now be described by way of example.
In an oil well in which the oil-producing formation consists of an unconsolidated sand, the formation conditions such as temperature and injectivity are measured. Samples of the formation sands may be taken for the purpose of measuring, inter alia, the water saturation.
From the pump capacity and the depth as well as the injectivity or permeability of the formation, the minimum required initial resin separation time, which at least equals the time required to pump the resin solution down to the formation, can be calculated.
From laboratory test results such as those in Tables 2 and 3, the required percentages of the epoxy compound, curing agent, ketone, cure rate acelerator, if used, and solvent arev determined, which give an initial resin separation time which at the temperature of the earth formation is sufficient to permit pumping the solution down into the formation without encountering prem-ature separation of resin from the solution.
The required proportions of epoxy compound, ketone solution of curing agent, and, if present, promotor for accelerating the rate of reaction between curing agent and epoxy compound to the desired degree, are subsequently dissolved in the solvent. The promoter should be mixed with the epoxy compound/ curing agent solution only just before the solution is pumped into the borehole.
Referring now to the drawing, FIG. l shows a well borehole which has been drilled through various strata,
` including a formation or formations having an oil producing zone 12. Well casing 13 is shown traversing oil zone 12. Dependent in the casing is a tubing string 14 which is perforated at the lower end thereof with perforations 23 and which carries straddle packers 21 and 22, capable of isolating a section of the borehole within the oil bearing form-ation 12. Within said isolated section, the cas- 9 ing is perforated with perforations 24, so that the tubing is in liquid communication with the -oil-bearing formation.
After the required preparations have been made as described, an oil-displacing fluid, e.g., diesel oil or a diesel oil-aromatics mixture, may be pumped down through tubing 14 and into the oil-bearing formation. Following this there may be pumped down a water-displacing fluid, e.g., isopropyl alcohol, and then a spacer fluid, e.g., the same hydrocarbon composition used as solvent for the resin. Finally there is pumped into the formation the freshly prepared resin solution of predominantly aromatic hydrocarbons 'and ketone containing dissolved therein a polyepoxide, the amine curing agent, and a cure rate accelerator, all as described above. The resin solution is followed by a drive uid.
The oil-displacing fluid is used where the oil in the formation is relatively viscous. This fluid dilutes the oil and facilitates its displacement from the pore space to be treated. The waterremoving fluid dissolves or emulsiies the connate water adhering to the grains of the formation. Thereafter, the spacer-fluid drives out the solution or emulsion of water in the water-removing fluid; the spaceruid is followed by the resin solution.
FIG. 1 illustrates the situation after all described liquids have been pumped down through tubing 14 and into oil zone 12 and drive fluid 25, e.g., mud slush, has just reached the walls of the casing. As shown in FIG. l, the portion of the oil Zone nearest the well borehole has the pores between sand grains of the formation filled with resin solution 16. Immediately -outside the Zone containing the resin solution there is a zone into which spacer liquid 18 has been displaced. Still further out are the zones containing water-displacing liquid 19 and oil-displacing liquid 20. At this stage further pumping into the formation is discontinued and the well is shut in for a period such as, for example, 24 Vt-o 36 hours, to permit the resin to precipitate from the solution and harden on the sand grains of the formation. Thereafter the well is opened, permitting the remaining solvent, spacer liquid, water-displacing liquid and oil-displacing liquid to be withdrawn back into the borehole and up through the tubing, either by virtue of the natural pressure of uids in the formation or by pumping as required.
FIG. 2 illustrates the same well as FIG. l, after the well has been placed in operation. The several fluids, including the remaining liquid components of the resin solution, has been withdrawn back up through tubing 14 and oil 26 is now being produced from formation 12 and removed through the tubing. Zone 25 shows the area which had contained the resin solution. In this area the sand grains which were previously unconsolidated are now firmly bound together by cured resin. The strength of this zone continues to increase for `several days after completion of the treatment, and ultimately reaches a plateau of strength which appears to be permanent.
The method of plugging a formation according to this invention is illustrated by reference to FIG. 3 of the draw- In the drawing a well borehole 111 is shown which has been drilled through various strata, including nonporous formations 112 and 113 and a porous waterbearing formation 114. A well casing 115 is shown cemented in the upper portion of the well ending in nonporous formation 112. A drill string 116 is placed in the well, terminating in drill bit 117. The well is capped as indicated schematically by cap 118.
After the required preparations have been made as described, water is introduced into the well through tubing 116 until pumping pressures indicate that the water column in the borehole is remaining substantially static and water is entering the formation 114. The prepared resin-forming solution, having a composition calculated to set up as a gel rather than depositing liquid resin on the sand particles is then pumped into the well and enters the formation. The drawing illustrates that stage of the operation at which a head of water, 121, is in the borehole while part of resin-forming solution 122 has entered the formation and some is still in the borehole and in the drill string. A displacing fluid, 123, such as crude oil or mud slush, or a gel plug followed by a displacing fluid, is in the drill string above the resin-forming solution.
After the desired amount of resin-forming solution has been introduced into the formation, the drill string is raised above the level of resin soltuion in the well and the well is kept shut in until the resin solution has set up as a solid gel and cured to suflicient hardness to withstand the formation pressure. The remaining resin plug in the borehole can then be drilled out, and further drilling of the well resumed.
It will be readily apparent that numerous other methods for introducing the required solutions into earth formations can Ibe applied. For example, it is sometimes desirable to place a casing string in the borehole, seal the casing string in the borehole along the length of the string passing through the formation to be treated, form a channel through the string and into the permeable section of the formation and then inject the treating solution in the manner previously described through the channel so formed into the permeable formation. Details concerning such a method of injecting treating solutions in general into a formation are given, for example,
in copending patent application Ser. No. 169,016 -to Prats et al., filed January 26, 1962.
When only a small portion of formation is to be treated, a special tool may be employed in which each solution, i.e., water displacing fluid and treating solution, is contained in a separate compartment. The tool is lowered on a wireline to the desired depth, the casing and formation are penetrated if necessary, the solutions are forced from the tool into the formation in the desired sequence, and the well is shut in for the time required for the resin to precipitate and harden. This system permits use of the solution employing the curing agent of this invention in formations characterized by extremely high temperatures, at which the IRS is short.
vStill other methods of injecting the desired treating solutions into the formation to be treated will occur to the person skilled in the art.
The following illustrates the application of the method of this invention to consolidation of sand surrounding an oil well, while retaining permeability. The oil producing formation is a clean, well developed, sand stringer in the Miocene N series. An analysis of side Wall samples, which are loosely consolidated very fine to line grain sand, indicates that the sand contains approximately 10% clay, such as kaolinite and montmorillonite. The interval to be consolidate in the well is a 9 foot Stringer of which 6 feet is perforated. The bottom hole temperature is C. v
Prior to preparing the resin solution, `the initial resin separation times for solutions of 13.5% of polyepoxide and 4.5% of bis(4-aminophenyl)methane in aromatic hydrocarbon solvent with varying amounts of phenol are determined at 100 C. In this instance, the information is presented in Table 3, above. The well crude oil being not completely soluble in diesel oil, a 50-50 blend of diesel oil and aromatic kerosene extract is used as a rst Wash in the well treatment. This blend dissolves all the components of the crude.
The treatment is designed to consolidate a cylinder 3 feet in radius and 9 feet in depth, the entire thickness of the sand Stringer. The sand is rst washed with 3 pore volumes of the blend of diesel oil and kerosene extract. This is followed by an equal volume of ispropyl alcohol to remove any remaining Water from the formation. Half a volume of diesel oil-kerosene extract is then pumped down as spacer. The resin solution is mixed -to have an initial resin separation time suicient to permit it to 4be pumped into the formation. About 1.1 pore volume of the resin solution is placed into the formation. Care is taken that the resin solution is just displaced into the formation without penetrating too far and without retaining any resin solution in the well bore itself. The well is then shut in for 24 hours.
When pressure is released on the well, the fluids begin to unload immediately. Thus swabbing is not required to bring the well into production. On a 1 hour production test only 0.2% B.S. shakeout is obtained. Although similar sand has been effectively retained by other methods not involving epoxy resin solutions, those wells have produced large amounts of sand during cleanup until bridging occurs. This well produces sand free immediately. Sand free production is thereafter obtained.
We claim as our invention:
1. In the method of treating a permeable earth formation which comprises (a) preparing a solution comprising a solvent, a resinforming polyepoxide and a curing agent for said polyepoxide;
(b) injecting said solution into said formation; and
(c) retaining said solution in said formation for a sufficient time t-o permit the Iresulting epoxy resin to adhere t-o the sand grains of said formation and cure to a hard, cross-linked, hydrocarbon-insoluble resin;
the improvement which comprises preparing as said solution a mixture of:
(1) a hydrocarbon solvent containing at least 80 percent by weight of aromatic hydrocarbon;
(2) a resin-forming polyepoxide;
(3) bis (4aminophenyl)methane; and
(4) la lower aliphatic ketone; in proportions selected such that:
(i) the total amount of said hydrocarbon solvent is between 30 land 95 percent by volume of said solution;
(ii) the total amount of polyepoxide and bis(4amino phenyl)methane is between 3 and 50 percent -by volume of said solution (iii) the total amount of said ketone is between 2 and 20 percent by volume of said solution and is sufficient to keep bis(4aminophenyl)methane in solution; and
(iv) the composition of said solution is predetermined to maintain the partial reaction product of said polyepoxide and bis(4aminophenyl)methane dissolved for the time required to inject said s-olution into said formation.
2. The method of consolidating an at least substanially unconsolidated earth formation according to claim 1, wherein the total concentration of polyepoxide and bis(4 aminophenyl)methane is in the range from 5 to 20 percent by volume of said solution and .the composition of said solution is predetermined to cause the partial reaction product of said polyepoxide and bis(4aminophenyl) methane to precipitate from solution as a rliquid, adhee to the sand grains of said formation and cure, in such manner that a substantial proportion of the permeability of said form-ation is retained.
3. The method of plugging a permeable earth formation according to claim 1, wherein the total concentration of polyepoxide and bis(4-aminophenyl)methane is in the range from 20 to 50 percent by volume of said solution and the composition of said solution is predetermined to cause the solution which contains the partial reaction product of said polyepoxide yand bis(4aminophenyl) methane to set up as a gel within the pores of said formation in such a manner that the pores-space of said form-ation is lled and no permeability is retained.
4. The method according to claim 2 wherein said solution comprises:
(1) hydrocarbon solvent which contains at least 80 percent by weight aromatics and boils in the range from 350 to 650 F.;
(2) normally -liquid polyepoxide which is the product of the reaction of 2,2-bis(4hydroxyphenyl) propane and epichlorohydrin in an alkaline medium,
(3) bis(4aminophenyl)methane;
(4) acetone; and
(5) from 0.25 to 4 percent `by volume of phenol; and wherein the weight ratio of said bis(4aminophenyl) methane to said polyepoxide is about 0.33.
5. The method according to claim 4 wherein said earth formation, prior to treatment, contains connate water, and wherein said water is displaced from said formation by forcing a water-displacing liquid into said formation prior to said resin-forming solution.
6. The method according to claim 4 wherein said earth formation contains connatev water and is penerated by a borehole, and wherein there are forced into a portion of said formation surrounding said borehole, through suitable perforations, in seqence:
(l) a crude-oil-displacing fluid;
(2) a water displacing fluid;
(3) a spacer fluid; and
(4) said resin-forming solution; and said formation is then shut in for the time required by the reaction prod-uct of the polyepoxide and bis(4 aminophenyl)methane to cure to .a hard, cross-linked, hydrocarbon-insoluble resin.
7. The method of consolidating an interval of a permeable, at least substantially unconsolidated earth formation which is at a temperature in the range from to 120 C., contains connate water, and is in fluid cornmunication with a borehole, which comprises:
(a) preparing a solution of resin-forming polyepoxide and lamine which maintains a viscosity below centipoises at least until it enters said formation, said solution comprising (1) about 70 t-o about 71.75 percent by volume of a hydrocarbon solvent which boils in the range from 350 to 650 F. and which contains at least 80 percent by weight aromatic hydrocarbons, the remainder being saturated hydrocarbons;
(2) about 13.5 percent by volume of a normally liquid polyepoxide which is the product of the reaction of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane and epichlorohydrin in an alkaline medium, and which has a molecular weight in the range from about 350 to 400 and an epoxy equivalent in the range from about 1.75 to 2.1; v
(3) about 4.5 percent by volume of bis(4 aminophenyl)methane;
(4) about 10 percent Iby volume of acetone; and
(5) about 0.25 to 2 percent by volume of phenol;
in proportions selected such that the partial reaction product of said polyepoxide and said amine remains dissolved for the time required to inject said solution into said formation;
(b) isolating a zone of said borehole adjacent the formation interval to be treated,
(c) pumping into said formation interval .through said isolated zone of said borehole -a crude-oil-displaoing uid,
(d) thereafter pumping into said formation interval through said isolated zone of said borehole isopropanol as water-displacing fluid,
(e) thereafter pumping said resin solution into said formation interval through said -isolated zone of said borehole,
(f) retaining said solution in said formation for a sufficient time to permit partially cured epoxy resin to separate from said solution, deposit on the sand 13 14 grains of said formation as a thin surface layer and References Cited by the Examiner cure to a hard, cross-linked, hydrocarbon insoluble UNITED STATES PATENTS mm and 3,100,527 8/1963 Hilton et a1. 16e-33 (g) producing oil from said oil-bearing formation x through said consolidated formation interval and said 5 3123138 3/1964 Roblcha'ux 166 33 borehole. CHARLES E. OCONNELL, Primary Examiner.
I. A. LEPP-INK, Assistant Examiner.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 22, 1960
|Aug 13, 1963
|Jersey Prod Res Co
|Sand consolidation
|Aug 23, 1962
|Mar 3, 1964
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 21, 1965
|Jul 11, 1967
|Union Oil Co
|Consolidation of subterranean formations
|Jul 27, 1965
|Sep 5, 1967
|Shell Oil Co
|Polyepoxide consolidation of earthern materials
|Mar 20, 1967
|Dec 17, 1968
|Hailiburton Company
|Epoxy resin grouting fluid and method for stabilizing earth formations
|Apr 12, 1968
|Nov 18, 1969
|Chevron Res
|Sand consolidation process
|Dec 30, 1968
|Jan 5, 1971
|Shell Oil Co
|Method for treating a part of a permeable formation
|Sep 25, 1972
|Dec 4, 1973
|Halliburton Co
|Method of controlling loose sands and the like
|Apr 4, 1974
|Jun 1, 1976
|Halliburton Company
|Pumpable epoxy resin composition
|Jun 18, 1973
|Feb 7, 1978
|Halliburton Company
|Pumpable epoxy resin composition
|Nov 16, 1977
|Sep 12, 1978
|Shell Oil Company
|Process for treating wells with viscous epoxy-resin-forming solutions
|Jun 2, 1980
|Sep 29, 1981
|Shell Oil Company
|Process for consolidating water-wet sands with an epoxy resin-forming solution
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


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Even in the tension of our belief and unbelief, our watching is an act of faith, declaring that God is stronger than our doubts, our fears, and our questions Even if we begin in weakness, God will transform our watching into strength as Paul writes: "whenever I am weak, then I am strong."
During Advent, the Lord watches as well, with care and love abounding, not from an immeasurable distance, but a closeness that defines intimacy. The Lord watches not to note failings and our accumulation of sin, but as a way of knowing us and declaring us bound to one another in faith and life.
In our watching we may find ourselves turning to prayer as it emerges from the expectation that dwells deep and anchors us in faith. As we talk to God, let us embrace the richness of how we express ourselves: our sighing, our crying out, our whispers, even our laughter and our silences.
We begin Advent with the brutal honesty of our longing, echoed in Psalm 119:81-82. Already but not yet, the incarnation is both a moment in history and our present immediacy. The mystics of old had to escape into wild and lonely places to seek Christ, yet we seek him amid life and our living of it.
Evening gives way to morning; from the very beginning of creation, the days were marked by this transition. Where is the first place Christ will meet you and in what need of your soul will the Lord nourish and nurture you?
Our watching can find expression by inviting us to be lost to time, in prayer, thought and reflection, transforming the ordinary time of our going out and coming in and all that is between, and declaring it holy. Consider the gift given to us by the Christians Celts who believed that in an ordinary moment God is present; every act of our day becomes an act of worship.


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Katie Andrews Potter grew up in Carmel, Indiana and at an early age grew interested in her family history. She would (and still does) spend hours upon hours looking through old books and records searching for one more branch to her family tree. Katie has always enjoyed writing and has piles of old spiral-bound notebooks filled with stories. It was on one trip to an old cemetery in Brown County, Indiana in 2009 when the storyline for Going over Home popped in her head. What if you found your own name on a headstone? What would it be like to meet your ancestors? From that day on the story took a hold in her mind until it was fully formed. Katie lives on the near eastside of Indianapolis with her husband, Ben and their children, Eliana and Micah, and a zoo of pets. She has her degree in Elementary Education and is currently working with people with disabilities. Find Katie on Twitter @andrewspotter26 Facebook: www.facebook.com/katieandrewspotter Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Blog: www.goinoverhome.blogspot.com
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This was a lovely read. I enjoyed the plot line and overall story. Wish something like this could happen to me and I'd be able to travel in time to meet my ancestors.Published 17 months ago by Dawn Westfall
I bought this and read it all in the same day. Love it! Great book! Two of my favorite subjects, genealogy and time travel, in one very intriguing book. Read morePublished 22 months ago by shelley hallman
I really enjoyed this story! It had just the right amount of mystery and adventure. I hope to read more from this author.Published 22 months ago by Tammy Menlove
This is an excellent book as once I began reading it, I could not put it down. Since I am from Indiana, it was a treat identifying with the locations mentioned in the book. Read morePublished on January 16, 2013 by Cynthia E. Lemery
Very good read I loved it. I loved how it took place in Indiana where I live. Can't wait to read her next one.Published on December 3, 2012 by Amazon Customer


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World Bulletin/News Desk
A South Ossetian border checkpoint was fired upon Saturday, after which local security forces arrested a Georgian Interior Ministry official, according to local media reports, citing the South Ossetian KGB.
The incident occurred around 3:40 a.m. in the Dzausky region of South Ossetia, a self-proclaimed independent breakaway Georgian republic on the Russian border.
"As a result of the actions taken on the territory of South Ossetia, not far from the state border, Georgian Interior Ministry official Mogol Tomiashvili, a resident of the Ksuis village, was arrested," the South Ossetian news agency RES quoted the KGB as saying.
South Ossetian forces did not return fire.
A rifle and a grenade launcher was reportedly seized from Tomiasvhili.
Russia fought a war with Georgia in 2008 over South Ossetia, and the territory remains at the heart of tensions in the Russian-Georgian relationship.
Six United Nations member states recognize Abkhazia and five recognize South Ossetia. The United States, European Union, and a majority of UN member states have affirmed Georgia's territorial integrity and do not recognize the regions' independence.
Reports say Australia negotiating to send asylum seekers to Philippines in alleged multi-million dollar deal
Shiv Sena, Hindu nationalist party, force organizers to cancel Pakistani singer's concerts due to his nationality
A "civil nuclear deal" with Pakistan and the United States is on the horizon with representatives from both countries discussing options before Pakistani Prime Minster Nawaz Sharif visits Washington at the end of the month
Assistance is expected from four countries: China, Malaysia, Russia & Singapore
'Enough. Even war has rules,' Doctors Without Borders president says
Pakistani military spokesman saysin statement that allegations of Pakistani involvement in Kunduz attack are 'mischievous'
Two states agreed on submarines trade deal, entailing transfer of technology for submarine construction to Pakistan
'We have to provide our senior leadership options different than the current plan we are going with,' says Gen. Campbell
Humanitarian situation in the strategic northern city is thought to be difficult but the extent of what is needed remains unclear because of problems getting access
German chancellor held lengthy talks with the Indian prime minister on her first trip to New Delhi since Modi's right-wing party stormed to power
USgeneral says Afghan army called to eliminate the Taliban threat and several civilians were accidentally struck,
Father, three children reported to have been asleep inside house when three men armed with M-16 rifles barged in and fired on them
Local forces resist Taliban attempt to capture Maimana, week after temporary fall of Kunduz
Six parties won seats in the Kyrgyzstan legislature, all of them pro-Russian, in Sunday's vote
Doctors Without Borders put US under pressure as they wish to investigate Kunduz hospital bombing
Six political parties in total pass threshold to enter 120-member unicameral legislature


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UHS Home
Breast Health
CSAD: Deaf Indiana
Hearing & Speech
Suicide Prevention
United Health Services
United Health Services is a family of agencies and programs founded in 1966 to help coordinate the efforts of small not-for-profit health related organizations.
Dedicated to the principles of service and cooperation, United Health Services programs share staff, facilities and budget to deliver programs in a formal alliance of trust and collaboration.
Our five programs are the Breast Health Programs, Community Services with All Deaf, the Diabetes Resource Center, the Hearing and Speech Center, and the Suicide Prevention Center.
Our Mission
United Health Services promotes the vitality of individual lives through
direct services
, and
Committed to the health of our community, we
deliver high quality innovative programs
, encourage personal
responsibility for wellness
and seek
collaborative solutions to emerging health needs
Our Staff
Our staff has years of experience and can give you the care you deserve.
Click here for a full directory with extensions and emails
Our Board of Directors
Our board is made up of volunteers who are dedicated to the health and well being of our community.
Click here for a listing of our board
United Health Services wishes to congratulate Rob Kelly for receiving the St. Joseph County "Forty under 40 Class of 2015 Award." Rob serves as Assistant Athletics Director, Ticketing & Technology at the University of Notre Dame, his alma mater, and in his words, "works with some of the best colleagues on the planet." He has been married to Starr for over 11 years, and together they have 5 beautiful children, Aidan (10), Keelin (8), Brynn (5), Colman (3) and Madigan (9 mos). Rob is committed to organizations in the community that reflect the causes that are dearest to him, including St. Anthony de Padua Church & School, Michiana Down Syndrome, Family Support & Advocacy Group, LuMind (formerly Research Down Syndrome) and we are proud to say, serves as Board Director for United Health Services! We can't think of anyone more deserving! Thank you Rob, for all you do for the community and for us at UHS!
United Health Services is a local not for profit that runs on the generosity of contributors like you.
United Health Services is a proud member of the St. Joseph County Chamber of Commerce.
Some programs of United Health Services receive funding from the United Way of St. Joseph County.
Stay up to date with news and photos from United Health Services.
Upcoming Events
Race to Save Lives - Saturday, November 7th
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5K / 10K run starting at St. Joseph Regional Medical Center in Mishawaka
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text:
Costco closes in on $5 billion in annual web sales
E-commerce grew 20% for Costco in fiscal 2015—20 times faster than store sales.
Costco closes in on $5 billion in annual web sales
E-commerce grew 20% for Costco in fiscal 2015—20 times faster than store sales.
Betting on e-commerce pays off for Ashley Stewart
Ashley Stewart, the women's plus-size apparel retailer says online sales are growing 80% year over year.
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Sponsored by 2013 Social Media 300
The site was the e-retailer's first foray into shoes and handbags.
Amazon.com Inc. may be ready to close up shop on Endless.com, the web-only shoe and handbag store it launched in 2007, according to a tweet today from Peter Cobb, co-founder and senior vice president of marketing for eBags Inc., a competitor that sells handbags, backpacks and related products. "Per reliable source, Amazon shutting down Endless.com soon. Shows how difficult it is to build an enduring brand," he wrote.
Cobb declines to elaborate on his Twitter message. Amazon did not respond to requests for comment.
Amazon.com, No. 1 in the Internet Retailer Top 500 Guide, also owns Zappos.com, which it acquired in 2009, and Zappos.com sister site 6pm.com. Consumers also can buy shoes on Amazon.com.
Housing four distinct shoe sites under the Amazon umbrella seems excessive, says Scot Wingo, CEO of ChannelAdvisor Corp., a company that helps retailers sell through online marketplaces. But the arrangement enables Amazon to add "shelf space" on natural search results for products sold by the e-retailer, he says. For instance, a Google Inc. search for "Asics Gel Nimbus 12," a type of running shoe, returns five natural search results for pages on Amazon-owned sites.
Having more ways shoppers can buy likely added incremental income to Amazon's bottom line at little incremental cost, says Colin Sebastian, an analyst who follows e-commerce stocks for Lazard Capital Markets.
"Amazon really is a technology company," he says. "They probably were getting a stream of data from Endless.com that they considered useful. That might be attracting customer segments that are different from the core Amazon site or Zappos. And the incremental cost to maintain a separate site is probably not that high. While it appears to be a stand-alone site on the consumer end, it was probably well integrated on the back end with Amazon."
If Amazon does shutter Endless.com, it will be because the incremental cost of maintaining the site exceeds the additional revenue the site generates, says Sebastian. "Amazon is always experimenting," he says. "They're a flexible oven. They try a lot of different things—some of which work and some that don't."
On the ground, China's economy looks quite strong. And Chinese consumers crave Western goods.
Posted 09/29/15
Hackers often use stolen credentials to break into networks. There are tools that can spot ...
Posted 09/28/15
If there's something you've bought offline that you weren't able to buy online, we're probably thinking about that."


text:
que ricas tetas
All Comments (28)
que ricas tetas
weak cumshot so you kno he prolly had to cum three times in order to shoot the whole scene. but hey she prolly would make me blow 10 times if i had my shot
trop bon !
not good dylan ryder is better
yes i am
i want her
already has more power xD
i want to fuck nikki's tits so bad!
i came 5 times bigger more then him and i want to fuck that hot nikki benz
this guy can fuck me anytime
he can ride me anytime. fucking awesome
OMG! Her best video Ive ever seen
more vids from nikki please!
me correria en esas tetasaz estan bien ricas y como se mueven
this is def her best vid
i want to fuck nikki also very hard,,,,,,,every time i saw her i jerked offf,,,,,,,
Ergoline Solarium BEST!!!
rockin tits.
that guy could at least stick is dick properly
i want her titties
the girl its perfect , but this guy its powerlees WTF NO MILK sorry for this guy(GAY)
When i see this it always makes me cum :D
omg this is great i just love it
I renember when i made my porno with her, what a babe and what tits!
awsome but is al plastic


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Tags:Valentines Day, Dessert, Icing, Frosting, Pink, Baking, Heart, Decor, Strawberry, Cookies, Food And Drink
I'm pretty sure that Steve and Jamie Moore are the cutest, most talented two people on the planet. Remember their insanely lovely studio tour? Well the goodness continues as O'Malley Photographers captured the pair doing what they do best...loving eachRead More On SMP


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Javascript is no more a web hacking tool, but a main platform for building next generation web applications. Most of the popular web applications today use heavy JavaScripting if not completely built on top of JavaScripts.
Building a large scale applications on top of Javascript needs attention to many architectural concerns such as
- Modular and object oriented code
- Managing UI components
- JS file dependency management
- Front controllers, routing, bookmarking, history tracking
- Unit testing with Javascript
- Localization
- JS optimizations
During this meetup, we plan to discuss the challenges in developing large scale JavaScript/HTML5 applications. In addition we will look at some boilerplate code that may help you in your next big HTML5/JavaScript project.
here comes some photos: http://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.429441830472791.1073741825.425728740844100&type=1
0 · March 7, 2013
Thanks Hasitha. It was a great meeting
1 · March 7, 2013
You can find the discussion notes at: https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B7OJZIJiWsGAdzdCQjkxbC1rSlE/view
Happy coding!
2 · March 7, 2013
It was great.. Thanks Hasith for the presentation and for mentioning what a powerful tool JavaScript is.. thanks 99X for the meetup ..
1 · March 6, 2013
Be prepared to share your expertise and be participative on the discussions tommorow... To accomadate the requests from some of you, organizers decided to let the waiting list to participate the meetup. Just be aware that the hall space is limited and the seating will be on first-come-first-served basis :)
0 · March 5, 2013
We just grab a coffee and speak French. Some people have been coming every week for months... it creates a kind of warmth to the group.
— Rafaël, started French Conversation Group
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text: Madonna MET Gala Controversy by Free Britney at May 8, 2014 8:45 am. Comments Madonna took the time to post a picture of an outfit that was not approved for this year's Met Gala. Share Tweet Email Edit Delete Follow Madonna? Facebook Disqus Star: Madonna Tags: MET Gala, The Buzz Related Videos: Madonna Videos, MET Gala Videos, The Buzz Videos Related Post: Madonna: Nearly Nude Look Banned From Met Gala? Uploaded by: Free Britney Uploaded: May 08, 2014 Duration: 67 seconds


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Archive for: love
When Karin met Markus
Feb 17, 2014WARNING: This post may contain romantic drivel. Don't read if heartbroken or otherwise have an aversion to lovey-dovey crap. Friday(...)
Markus broken heart
Jun 10, 2013When Markus was born back in 1987 he, according to his mother, came out with blue skin. This was because(...)
Moving chaos and electric hearts
Sep 04, 2012UPDATE: Since many of you asked: Markus has been to the heart specialist now and everything looks good. Thank you(...)
5 years ♥
Jun 08, 2012Me and Markus have hit the half-a-decade mark - on June 6th we had been together for 5 years! Of(...)
Marriage and such
Feb 23, 2012After my previous announcement I feel like talking a little about marriage. The thing is, marriage has never been on(...)
I'm engaged!
Feb 21, 2012Yep, looks like I'm getting hitched. On Friday, February 17 I proposed to Markus - and he said yes! ^_^(...)


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There were 12 special elections for California legislative seats in 2013 – some caused by resignations, others by lawmakers moving to higher office. Los Angeles County alone spent 12 million dollars on those elections. So Democratic Senate Leader Darrell Steinberg is calling for a constitutional amendment that would replace those elections with gubernatorial appointments – just as when a U.S. senate seat goes vacant.
"Here's the reality, since the beginning of session this last year, when you look at the Assembly and Senate together, we have not had one day yet where we've had a full complement of members."
~Darell Steinberg
Republicans say Democrats want to change the rules because they haven't fared well in some of the special elections, which often have low voter turnout.
A separate proposal would consolidate municipal elections with statewide elections. Many cities, including Los Angeles, hold their elections in odd-numbered years. Not even a quarter of registered LA voters cast ballots last June.
More Capitol Coverage
Brown Signs Labor AgreementsTuesday, September 22, 2015
Governor Jerry Brown has signed off an agreement with two of California's labor unions.
Brown Signs Child Seat BillMonday, September 21, 2015
California children under the age of 2 will now be required to ride in rear-facing child seats. That was one of several bills signed into law today by Gov. Jerry Brown.
Bill Seeks To Combat Antibiotic Resistance Through LivestockWednesday, September 16, 2015
A bill awaiting action by California Governor Jerry Brown is designed to protect humans by managing the treatment of livestock.
Legislature Begins Final Week of SessionTuesday, September 08, 2015
The Legislature began its final week of session Tuesday with the Senate and Assembly taking action on a number of bills.
IHSS Workers May Get OvertimeFriday, August 21, 2015
California may start paying home healthcare workers overtime this fall.


text:
1796 Views 4 Replies Latest reply: May 4, 2008 6:19 PM by lenn5
NCPhotoguy Mar 23, 2008 4:52 AM
Re: Buzzing noise from iMac in response to shalafarkyHave you had the internal hard drive replaced?
shalafarky Mar 23, 2008 7:25 AM
Re: Buzzing noise from iMac in response to NCPhotoguyno i haven't - are you suggesting i do or just ruling something out?
NCPhotoguy Mar 23, 2008 7:40 AM
Re: Buzzing noise from iMac in response to shalafarkyJust trying to isolate your problem.
My gut feeling is that you have a loose fan cover that directs the warm air out of the bottom of the iMac. I have absolutely nothing to prove this other than your saying that changing the angle and/or pressing on the bottom of the iMac introduces a change in the behavior.
If this is in fact the problem, then there is little to be done unless you have Applecare, as your opening the case will void your warranty.
On the other side of the coin, if I am correct, then there is little harm to come of it.
When I replaced the HD on my 17" white iMac, I had to make sure the case was well seated when I reassembled it.
Hope this helps.
lenn5 May 4, 2008 6:19 PM
Re: Buzzing noise from iMac in response to shalafarkySounds like the same problem I have. My iMacCore Duo 1.83 just started making a buzzing noise this week. If i tap on the case near the Apple logo it goes away for a while. Kinda annoying...


text:
DNP InternationalView mapSurat, Gujarat
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DNP has established itself as one of the leading company in the field of Instrumentation. Over a period, DNP has been serving the Indian Industry with best of the products and services in the field of Water Analysis, Gas Analysis, Flue Gas Analysis, Moisture Measurement, Flow measurements, online and laboratory both. Our rich experience of over 11 + years in the field of Instrumentation, and dynamic organization have put us on an enviable position in India. Today, DNP ...view all
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View mapNo. 107-108, Ramkutir Apartment, Near Gangeshwar Mahadev
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Gujarat, India
Send your enquiry to this supplier


text:
Hi everyone! So for my first blog post I wanted to feature some of my favorite products from LUSH! As you continue to read my blog, you will find that I absolutely LOVE this company. 1,052 more words
A Tribute to Grandad Lush
My Grandad, Alfred Lush, passed away on Thursday, 26th March 2015. He has appeared in many a column of mine, and I am writing this with a raw and aching sense of loss. 383 more words
I am currently in an Ibeyi induced trance. I recently learned about French Cuban gemelas, Naomi and Lisa-Kaindé Díaz, and naturally they've been on repeat for the last few days. 320 more words
Because I want to!
I don't know the first thing about blogging. I am kind of just cannonballin' it and hoping it's a good idea…
But I have been doing some thinking and reflecting. 554 more words
Lushlife: MagnoliaHip Hop
On Cuddling
As a rule, I don't cuddle.
Call it a problem with intimacy, or a fear of commitment. Call it a lie, call it nonsense. Humans need contact; cuddles follow. 465 more words


text:
Olympia man dies in wreck near Brinnon
By Jeremy Schwartz
Peninsula Daily News
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Port Angeles man, 61, crosses Strait on waterski but cancels return trip citing dangerous conditions
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James Allen Keith, 60, was pronounced dead at the scene after the 11:30 p.m. Thursday wreck, the State Patrol said, which added that he was not wearing a seat belt.
He was headed south on Highway 101 in a 2005 Chevrolet pickup truck near the intersection with Pleasant Harbor Road when the truck went into a roadside ditch, the State Patrol said.
He swerved to the right to come out of it; his truck crossed the center line, went over an embankment on the northbound side and struck a tree, troopers said.
The pickup was destroyed.
Highway 101 was blocked for just more than four hours while troopers investigated the wreck.
The State Patrol continues to investigate why Keith's truck left the road.
Reporter Jeremy Schwartz can be reached at 360-452-2345, ext. 5074, or at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Last modified: March 07. 2014 2:12PM


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Vermont child molester to leave
SPRINGFIELD, Vt. — Correction officials said Thursday they have a new plan for a high-risk sex offender scheduled to be released from prison: He's moving out of state.
The Department of Corrections is notifying police in the place where the sex offender, Timothy Szad, is going but isn't releasing the information publicly, said Dale Crook, the department's director of field supervision.
Officials said last week Szad, 53, would be living with his elderly parents in Springfield, a town of about 9,000 residents, but that plan fell apart after public outcry.
The case highlights a dilemma in releasing sex offenders: Correction officials and police sometimes see a requirement to notify the public about the possible danger, but broad notification can generate such opposition that living arrangements can fall apart.
A homeless sex offender is more dangerous than one with a stable place to live, said state Rep. Alice Emmons, chairwoman of the Vermont House committee that oversees correction.
"Where's he going to go?" asked Emmons, D-Springfield. "Is he going to live under a bridge? Is that secure to a community?"
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text:
ng of Corpus (who was staying at the Colonnade), and Martin of Trinity Hall (who was with his family in Bloomsbury Square), to dine at the Piazza, go to the play and see Braham in Fra Diavolo, and end the frolic evening by partaking of supper and a song at the "Cave of Harmony."--It was in the days of my own youth, then, that I met one or two of the characters who are to figure in this history, and whom I must ask leave to accompany for a short while, and until, familiarised with the public, they can make their own way. As I recall them the roses bloom again, and the nightingales sing by the calm Bendemeer.
Going to the play, then, and to the pit, as was the fashion in those honest days, with some young fellows of my own age, having listened delighted to the most cheerful and brilliant of operas, and laughed enthusiastically at the farce, we became naturally hungry at twelve o'clock at night, and a desire for welsh-rabbits and good old glee-singing led us to the "Cave of Harmony," then kept by the cele
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text: The Brian Lehrer Show Edit this Published in The Brian Lehrer Show Laid Off! Now What? Listen 17 min Queue Download this audio Want to embed this player? Use the code below. More info. <iframe frameborder="0" scrolling="no" height="130" width="100%" src="https://www.wnyc.org/widgets/ondemand_player/wnyc/#file=/audio/json/28209/&share=1"></iframe> Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Email a Friend Drew Tignanelli, president of The Financial Consulate, offers practical advice on the very first steps to take if you're laid off.


text:
Tikka-style fish
By Sara Buenfeld
Cooking timePrep: 10 mins Cook: 16 mins
Skill levelEasy
ServingsServes 6
Perfect for the barbecue - but don't let that stop you using the oven if the typical English weather arrives - use whichever fish you prefer
Nutrition and extra info
- Easily doubled / halved
Nutrition info
Nutrition per serving
- kcalories
- 266
- protein
- 39g
- carbs
- 4g
- fat
- 11g
- saturates
- 2g
- fibre
- 0g
- sugar
- 1g
- salt
- 0.67g
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- Slash the skin of the whole fish, if using, on each side with a sharp knife. Mix the ginger and garlic, season with salt, then rub all over the fish.
- Mix the yogurt with the oil, spices and seasoning. Use to coat the fish inside and out, then chill until ready to cook.
- TO BARBECUE: Cook straight on the rack (or on foil if you are afraid of it sticking) for 6-8 mins each side for the whole fish, or 3-4 mins for the tuna steaks. Cooking time will depend on how hot your barbecue is when you start.
Recipe from Good Food magazine, July 2007
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text: David Tennant 21 to 30 of 624 articlesPrevious page12345678910+10LastNext page 21 things about 21st-century Doctor Who that old school fans could never have imagined News post details 9:00 AM, 29 August 2015 Doctor who is a movie star, a cover star and a record-breaker! Girls love it, and so does America! There are celebrity guests, awards and it's even rocked Glastonbury! Basically, Doctor Who is now officially cool! Which Doctor are you? News post details 11:10 AM, 28 August 2015 Are you more Hartnell or Tennant? Baker or Baker? Take our quiz and find out! Can you match the Tenth Doctor quote to the Doctor Who episode? News post details 8:03 AM, 28 August 2015 I'm so, so sorry but when did Ten say that again? Remember when David Tennant was on Ready, Steady, Cook? News post details 1:00 PM, 27 August 2015 After taking up the role of the Doctor, Tennant took to the green pepper side of the kitchen armed with chicken, chorizo and some Scottish cheddar Can you match the death to the Doctor Who episode? News post details 8:58 AM, 27 August 2015 Alas, not everyone can regenerate... The best Doctor Who street art and graffiti News post details 10:00 AM, 26 August 2015 Whovians around the world have made their mark on the streets to show their appreciation of the sci-fi drama 24 times the Doctor was kissed News post details 9:00 AM, 26 August 2015 Our countdown starts with the Tenth Doctor and Rose Tyler's mum - but where will it end? Can you identify the David Tennant Doctor Who episode from just one picture? News post details 7:06 AM, 25 August 2015 Are you DT fan enough to beat this fiendish quiz? The best Doctor Who-inspired marriage proposals News post details 7:30 AM, 24 August 2015 Because Whovian love is the best love... How to win any argument using lessons learned from Doctor Who News post details 11:00 AM, 23 August 2015 Top Time Lord tips for your next dispute... 21 to 30 of 624 articlesPrevious page12345678910+10LastNext page


text: Fantastic stay at MacArthur Place. Great room, great staff, wonderful experience! From the wine and cheese every day at 5pm to the continental breakfast in the morning. Couldn't ask for a more perfectly located (walking distance to the square and tasting rooms) hotel! AND they gave us a bottle of sparkling wine for our anniversary. Terrific!!!