text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Mar 8, 2011
|Filing date
|Jun 29, 2007
|Priority date
|Jun 29, 2007
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Michael P Corning, Christopher J Lovett
|Original Assignee
|Microsoft Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (19), Non-Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (3), Classifications (8), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
XML documents are increasingly being used to perform a variety of different operations in a number of different contexts. For example, enterprise management systems may provide management packs or other maintenance documents in XML form. In addition, human authors may create XML documents that contain test cases for some software or system under test.
As XML documents continue to proliferate, these documents may represent abstract information having increased richness and complexity. These documents may express multiple relationships between elements within the same document, as well as between elements within two or more different documents. Many of these constraints are not expressible using standard XML validation techniques. Edits and revisions to such documents may consume considerable time. Typically, these documents are submitted to a post-edit validation process after editing is completed. However, if this validation process identifies any errors, the time spent editing the document may be effectively wasted. This issue may become especially acute as the complexity of the document contents increases.
Tools and techniques for dynamically validating editors are described herein. The tools may provide machine-readable storage media containing machine-readable instructions for receiving indications of user edits to a portion of a document, and for determining whether a customized editor is available for the edited portion of the document. The tools may also provide systems that include at least the dynamically validating editor.
This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. The term "tools," for instance, may refer to system(s), method(s), computer-readable instructions, and/or technique(s) as permitted by the context above and throughout the document.
Tools related to dynamically validating editors are described in connection with the following drawing figures. The same numbers are used throughout the disclosure and figures to reference like components and features. The first digit in a reference number indicates the drawing figure in which that reference number is introduced.
The following document describes tools capable of performing and/or supporting many techniques and processes. The following discussion describes exemplary ways in which the tools provide for dynamically validating editors. This discussion also describes other techniques and/or processes that the tools may perform.
The systems 100 may enable one or more authors 106 to create, revise, or otherwise edit documents in, for example, the Extensible Markup Language (XML).
Turning to the workstations and servers, the workstation may communicate remotely with the server, or the workstations may be standalone systems. Workstations and/or servers may be computer-based systems that include one or more processors, denoted at 112. These processors may also be categorized or characterized as having a given type or architecture, but may or may not have the same type or architecture.
The workstations and/or servers may also include one or more instances of machine-readable or computer-readable storage media, denoted generally at 114. The processor 112 may communicate with the computer-readable media 114, and other components or sub-systems of the workstations and/or servers, via one or more busses 116. These busses 116 may be of any suitable width, and may comply with any convenient bus architecture.
The computer-readable media 114 may contain instructions that, when executed by the processor 112, perform any of the tools or related functions that are described herein as being performed by the workstations and/or servers. The processor may access and/or execute the instructions embedded or encoded onto the computer-readable media, and/or may access data stored in the computer-readable media. Additionally, it is noted that the computer-readable storage media, and any software stored thereon, may reside on hardware other than that shown in
Turning in more detail to the computer-readable media 114, it may include one or more instances of a management pack authoring console application 118. The management pack authoring console 116 in turn may include at least a dynamic validating editor 120, which represents a collection of software instructions that, when loaded into the processor and executed, may enable the workstation and/or server to perform any of the tools described herein.
In overview, the dynamic validating editor may enable the author to create or edit one or more XML documents (e.g., 108). The workstations and/or servers may provide a suitable user interface 122, though which the author may interact with the workstations and/or servers in working with the XML documents. More specifically, based at least on where in the XML document the author is working and what type of data the author is working with, the validating editor may dynamically select UI elements to present to the author. Thus, the validating editor may vary the UI elements presented to the author, depending on the context within which the author is working in one or more of the XML documents.
Having described the systems and/or operating environments 100 in which dynamically validating editors may perform in
As shown in
The tree 202 represents a model of the dynamic relations between the XML nodes 204.
The XML document 108 may be associated with an XML Schema Definition (XSD) file, denoted at 208. The XSD file may be used to statically validate the XML instance document as the author edits the document. Without limiting possible implementations, static validation may refer XSD validation that has no control flow mechanism and no built in event handling mechanism. This, in turn, means that an instance node value may not depend logically on the value of other instance nodes. Also, this means that when a given node changes, nodes dependent on the changed node have no way to change which parts of the XSD schema now apply to the dependent node's value validation.
The XSD file as described herein may extend the static validation capability of XSD by adding general purpose XSD <xs:appinfo> nodes under the <xs:annotation> node. These appinfo nodes describe location of the code extensions to use to edit those elements and and/or use to perform dynamic validation of those edits. This code can be called from the editor itself, or from a totally separate dynamically-linked library (dll).
The model described herein may assign custom editors to the XSD file, and may associate these editors with respective nodes in the XML document.
As detailed further below, these custom editors 210 have detailed knowledge of the intra-node dynamics of the XML document. Put differently, the XSD file describes the structural relationships between XML nodes, as well as providing data types for the nodes.
Using a suitable attribute (e.g., the vs:editor attribute), the XSD file can notify the model-based editor (e.g., 120) of the strongly-typed editor for a given node being edited by the author. For example,
More particularly, the editor 120 may consumes the value of the attribute (e.g., vs:editor), and may decide at design time precisely which UI element (e.g., 128) to expose to the author. This choice can be based on the current state of the XML document. In other words, the model-based editor 120 can treat an XML file like a state machine, branching control of the editing surface based on the current state of the "machine." In this analogy, the nodes of the XML document correspond to the states of this machine.
As an example of the foregoing, assume that the author is editing a node of the XML file to define some "string" value. In this example, the editor 120 may sense whether the string value of the node can be an arbitrary string typed in a text box, or whether the string value is to be taken from a dropdown list of predefined, available strings, with this list being populated with the names of classes pulled from a .dll file or pulled from another file (e.g., a Management Pack).
The following example shows how the tools described herein may take a declaration of a cls attribute defined in a varmap schema, and decide whether to provide a custom dropdown control to edit the cls attribute's instance value, or to leave the field as a text box to be filled with arbitrary text. The choice between these options may depend on the current state of the XML document. For example, this choice may depend on the values of the assembly attribute and the current variable's mode attribute. The model of the interplay of these three fields is described below.
<varmap owner="mcorning" dsc="This spec tests
Socrates 4." assembly="unit2005.dll"
<var set="1" lvl="0" vid="1" cid="_893e625b-cf70-
4ccf-baa9-5f03f07756ec" cls="" dsc="Add sub grp
node" focus="positive" cat="general" mode="manual"
. . . </var>
<var set="2" lvl="0" vid="1" cid="_835ac573-7150-
cls="UnitTest.MyVarSimpleRandomString" dsc="describe
test" focus="positive" cat="general" mode="auto"
. . . </var>
As the discussion proceeds below, the description includes various samples of code segments as an aid to understanding the concepts provided as part of the tools. However, it is noted that these segments of code are illustrative in nature, and do not limit possible implementations of the description herein. For example, the names of various variables, classes, methods, and functions are provided only for ease of reference, and implementations of the description may use different names without departing from the scope and spirit of the description herein. Additionally, it is noted that various alterations or modifications of these code segments are possible, also without departing from the scope and spirit of the description herein.
Continuing this example, a sample XSD declaration is now provided, calling attention to the type attribute and vs:editor values. In this example, both values are used to establish context for the editor.
<xs:attribute name="cls" type="reflectedClassType" use="required"
Here are example varmap.xsd declarations for the two user-defined types used by a ReflectionEditor:
<xs:simpleType name="reflectedClassType">
<xs:list itemType ="xs:string"></xs:list>
<xs:simpleType name="reflectedMethodType">
<xs:restriction base="xs:string">
<xs:pattern value="{circumflex over ( )}([\(\)\w\.+−]|\s|_)+$">
Referring to
Referring to the example, but non-limiting code listing below, the edit process may begin with a reference to the editor 120, which sets the SchemaType of the edited node and returns an instance of a custom editor, if possible, as represented at decision block 306. If a custom editor is available, as indicated by the "Yes" branch from block 306, the editor may obtain a custom editor for the node, as indicated at block 308. After obtaining an instance of the custom editor, BeginEdit( ) populates that editor based on the XSD type from the schema, as indicated at block 310. That is, the editor 120 may set its SchemaType property to the simpleType named "reflectedClassType". The editor 120 may determine that the ListBox control may obtain items taken from the list of classes in the varmap's test assembly, as shown in the SchemaType property listing and as represented at block 312.
Block 314 represents presenting the custom editor to the user, and block 316 represents receiving a response from the user to the custom editor. Continuing the example above, if the user is editing a given node to have a "string" value, a schema governing the XML file may permit filling the string with different types of values. For example, the schema may specify that the string is to be filled with an arbitrary string. Alternatively, the schema may stipulate that the string value be populated from a set of predefined choices specified by an enum in the schema. Thus, the editor as presented to the user may permit the user to enter an arbitrary string, or may permit the user only to select from one of the predefined alternatives from a dropdown list. In this manner, the customized editor may implement any restrictions specified by the schema that are applicable to the node currently being edited. In addition, the customized editor may implement restrictions that are not specified by the schema, or that are not expressible in schema. For example, the customized editor may show choices that are based on reflection of classes in a given assembly.
Additionally, the customized editor may validate any inputs or edits to the revised document when the user or author provides these inputs or edits. If some input is invalidated, the customized editor may explain to the user any validity, and may recommend corrective action, substantially in real time with the invalidated inputs. In this manner, the dynamically validating editor may enable the user to save time when editing the document, as compared to completing all edits, and then submitting the edited document in batch to a post-edit validation process.
As indicated in the code segment below, specifically the portion beginning with the line "if (this.editor!=null) . . . ", the currentEditor performs the actual edits in a UI provided by the editor. Referring back to decision block 306, the currentEditor may obtain a reference from the instantiated custom editor, as indicated by the Yes branch from block 306 to block 308. However, if no custom editor exists for a given node, the currentEditor may obtain a reference from the default textbox control, as indicated by the No branch from block 306 to block 318.
public void BeginEdit(string text, IIntellisenseProvider provider,
EditMode mode, Color color, bool focus) {
. . .
switch (mode) {
case EditMode.Value:
builder = provider.Builder;
this.cset.Builder = builder;
this.editor = provider.Editor;
if (this.editor != null) {
this.editor.Site = this.site;
values = provider.GetExpectedValues( );
. . .
this.schemaType = provider.GetSchemaType( );
if (this.editor != null) {
this.currentEditor = this.editor.Editor;
this.editor.SchemaType = this.schemaType;
. . .
this.editor.XmlValue = text;
} else {
this.currentEditor = this.textEditor;
this.currentEditor.Text = text;
. . .
// see if this node needs a dropdown.
if (builder != null || (values != null && values.Length > 0)) {
cset.BeginEdit(values, this.schemaType);
The Editor constructor may query the schema for the vs:editor value, using that string to instantiate and return an instance of the (named) class that implements the IXmlEditor interface, if possible. Note this is a case where the editor 120 is context sensitive. Also, the comments below indicate the dynamic nature of editing the cls attribute.
/// <summary>
/// A constructed type of the name provided by the vs:editor attribute
/// in the instance doc's schema. The named class is implemented in
/// SocratesEditors.cs.
/// </summary>
public override IXmlEditor Editor {
get {
string typeName = base.GetIntellisenseAttribute("editor");
/* check state machine model of document when typeName is
* ReflectionEditor.
* if varmap assembly is manual then do not instantiate a
* ReflectionEditor because there will be no dll to dereference.
* without a dll, the editor may not obtain a list of classes or
* methds.
* if the assembly attribute has value an instance of the
* assembly is in memory, and the ReflectionEditor can obtain
* a list of classes or methods.
* so if the editor is based on Reflection and there is an
* assembly in memory, proceed.
if (typeName == "Socrates.ReflectionEditor")
SocratesTreeNode parent =
if (parent.IsManualOnly)
return null;
else if (parent.IsManual)
return null;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(typeName)) {
IXmlEditor editor = ConstructType(typeName) as IXmlEditor;
if (editor != null) editor.Owner = this;
return editor;
// see if there are any base custom editor for the schema type
// of the selected node
return base.Editor;
The editor 120 may use .Net Reflection to invoke the named constructor to create a new instance of the named .NET class, in this example, the Socrates.ReflectionEditor constructor.
/// <param name="typeName">the fully qualified class reference for the
/// editor that will edit the current node.</param>
/// <returns>an instance of the custom editor</returns>
private object ConstructType(string typeName) {
// Cache the objects so they can preserve user state.
if (typeCache.ContainsKey(typeName))
return typeCache[typeName];
Type t = Type.GetType(typeName);
if (t != null) {
ConstructorInfo ci = t.GetConstructor(new Type[0]);
if (ci != null) {
object result = ci.Invoke(new Object[0]);
if (result != null) {
typeCache[typeName] = result;
return result;
return null;
Since the Socrates.ReflectionEditor subclasses the SocratesEditor, the SocratesEditor implements the IXmlEditor interface by adding a GetDataSourceAppInfo method, to which the discussion returns below.
/// <summary>
/// Abstract class that implements default Socrates editor behavior.
/// Implements IXmlEditor.
/// The default editing control is ListBox.
/// </summary>
abstract class SocratesEditor : IXmlEditor, IDisposable
protected ListBox editor = new ListBox( );
protected XmlSchemaType type;
protected ISite site;
protected IIntellisenseProvider owner;
public SocratesEditor( ) {
public virtual IIntellisenseProvider Owner {
get { return this.owner; }
set { this.owner = value; }
public virtual ISite Site {
get { return this.site; }
set { this.site = value; }
/// <summary>
/// This property provides the XmlSchemaType for the editor
/// </summary>
public virtual XmlSchemaType SchemaType {
get { return this.type; }
set { this.type = value;}
public virtual Control Editor {
get { return editor; }
public virtual string XmlValue {
get {
return editor.Text;// XmlConvert.ToString( );
set { this.editor.Text = value; }
protected string GetDataSourceAppInfo(XmlCache model) {
string dataSource = null;
XmlSchemaInfo info =
foreach (XmlSchemaAppInfo a in info.SchemaAttribute.-
Annotation.Items) {
foreach (XmlElement e in a.Markup) {
if (e.Name == "dataSource") {
dataSource = e.InnerText;
return dataSource;
~SocratesEditor( )
public void Dispose( ) {
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing){
The Socrates.ReflectionEditor overrides the SchemaType property and uses the information to dynamically calculate the list of items to populate the in the listbox which is returned as the editor 120.
class ReflectionEditor : SocratesEditor
public ReflectionEditor( ) {
//base.editor.DropDownStyle = ComboBoxStyle.Simple;
/// <summary>
/// This property provides the XmlSchemaType for the editor
/// </summary>
public override XmlSchemaType SchemaType {
get { return base.type; }
set {
base.type = value;
if (base.type != null) {
base.editor.Items.Clear( );
TestAssembly testAssembly =
if (null == testAssembly) {
MessageBox.Show("Cannot dereference assembly.",
"Reflection Error");
return ;
string clsName =null;
if (this.owner.ContextNode.Label == "cls") {
clsName = this.owner.ContextNode.Text;
} else {
XmlAttribute clsAtt =
((XmlTreeNode)this.owner.ContextNode.Parent.Parent).Node.Attributes["cls"] as
if (null == clsAtt) throw new ArgumentException(
"The selected node's parent does not have a
cls attribute.");
clsName = clsAtt.Value;
testAssembly.MetaData =
if (null == testAssembly.MetaData) {
"Cannot find any metadta for assembly.",
"Reflection Error");
return ;
switch (base.type.Name) {
case "reflectedClassType":
// get classes from test assembly
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, List<string>> kvp in
testAssembly.MetaData) {
case "reflectedMethodType":
// get methods from test assembly for fnc tag's
// parent var node's cls attribute
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, List<string>> kvp in
testAssembly.MetaData) {
if (kvp.Key == clsName) {
foreach (string method in kvp.Value) {
~ReflectionEditor( )
In this example, if the SchemaType is reflectedMethodType, the editor 120 may iterate methods only for the specified class name.
Sometimes the value of an element or attribute is context sensitive, where context is ordinal. The set, lvl, and vid attributes in the varmap var element are an example of this. If a var is inserted, moved, copied or deleted, then attribute values of the new var or vars before and after the modified/new var may be updated. The model-based editor 120 constructed as described herein senses that the new attribute values are to be updated. In this case, a specific dynamically validating editor may not into play, but instead a dynamically valid edit. The model-based editing infrastructure described herein may handle automatic and/or discretionary edits.
In the next example, the description discusses how a new var gets its default values for its set, lvl, vid, and cid attributes.
Referring to the code segment below, an OnNodeInserted event handler is called after a node edit is complete. New elements are created using the CodeSnippet class that uses the Schema Object Model to generate any suitable attributes and elements from the instance document's XSD file (e.g., 208). In these cases, the editor 120 may have already created a new var node, but that new node may have no attributes. The OnNodeInserted( ) event generates suitable attributes for vars (there are no required elements for vars), adds the attributes to the new node, then sets the attribute node of the current var to its (context-sensitive) default value.
public override void OnNodeInserted(XmlTreeNode node)
if (node.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element)
sip = (SocratesIntellisenseProvider)GetService(
CodeSnippet snip = sip.GetCodeSnippet( );
XmlNode snippetNode = (XmlNode)snip.Snippet.Code.Data;
int id = 0;
XmlNode newNode = null;
if ((snippetNode.Attributes.Count > 0) ||
(snippetNode.HasChildNodes &&
// this code does not leave the original node behind (because we
// don't try to delete it)
// add the attributes in reverse order (so set, lvl, vid, and cid are
// first)
XmlTreeView xtv = (XmlTreeView)GetService(typeof(XmlTreeView));
for (int i = snippetNode.Attributes.Count − 1; i > −1; i−−)
XmlAttribute xa = snippetNode.Attributes[i];
XmlAttribute a = Model.Document.CreateAttribute(xa.Name);
a.Value = xa.Value;
new SocratesTreeNode(this, (XmlTreeNode)node, a));
foreach (XmlNode xn in snippetNode.ChildNodes)
if (xn.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element)
newNode = this.Model.Document.ImportNode(xn, true);
id = newNode.GetHashCode( );
this.TreeView.BeginUpdate( );
XmlTreeNodeCollection nodes = new XmlTreeNodeCollection(this,
TreeView.Nodes = NodeTextView.Nodes = nodes;
TreeView.EndUpdate( );
XmlTreeNode tn = FindNode(node.Node);
TreeView.SelectedNode = NodeTextView.SelectedNode = tn;
tn.Expand( );
SetDefaultValue( ) first sets the IntellisenseProvider's contextNode to the new node, and this triggers a validation of the new context. First, a validation utility (e.g., the Socrates editor described herein) validates the element using the schema.
public virtual void OnContextChanged( ) {
this.checker = null;
// Get intellisense for elements and attributes
if (this.node.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element ||
this.node.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Attribute ||
this.node.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Text ||
this.node.NodeType == XmlNodeType.CDATA) {
XmlTreeNode elementNode = GetClosestElement(this.node);
if (elementNode != null && elementNode.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element) {
this.xn = elementNode.Node;
if (xn is XmlElement) {
this.checker = new Checker((XmlElement)xn,
elementNode == this.node.Parent ?
IntellisensePosition.FirstChild :
(this.node.Node == null ? IntellisensePosition.AfterNode :
Next, the editor 120 may override OnContextChange and perform custom validation using its model of a SocratesTreeNode.
/// <summary>
/// Called before an edit starts. ContextNode's validity is context-sensitive,
/// this method dynamically validates initial value and value(s) of
/// related nodes.
/// </summary>
public override void OnContextChanged( )
base.OnContextChanged( );
// before we edit, ensure preconditions by using model to
/// check for dynamic validation exceptions
SocratesTreeNode stn = (SocratesTreeNode)base.ContextNode.Parent;
switch (ContextNode.Label)
case ″name″:
//must have cls if AssemblyAvailable
if (stn.IsAutomated)
if (stn.AssemblyAvailable)
if (stn.IsAutomated && string.IsNullOrEmpty(stn.Cls))
MessageBox.Show(″Var is automated but cls attribute "+
"is missing and assembly is available. \n\n"+
"Change mode to manual or assign class from "+
"assembly to cls attribute.",
″Validation Exception″);
MessageBox.Show(″Var is automated but assembly is "+
"unavailable. \n\nChange mode to manual or assign a dll "+
"to the varmap's assembly attribute then assign a class "+
"from assembly to cls attribute.″,
″Validation Exception″);
case ″cls″:
if (null!=stn.Mode && stn.IsManualOnly)
if (stn.IsAutomated)
MessageBox.Show(″This varmap contains only manual tests, "+
"but this var is automated. ″\n\n ″+
"To edit cls, first assign a dll to the varmap's "+
"assembly attribute. \n ″+
″And to avoid confusion, if you do not change "+
"assembly, change mode to manual.″,
″Validation Exception″);
MessageBox.Show(″This varmap contains only manual tests."+
" \n\nTo edit cls, first assign a dll to the varmap's "+
"assembly attribute.″, ″Validation Exception″);
After validating the new node, the editor obtains the new attribute's default value. If the XSD file generates the XML for the new node, it may be redundant to validate this XML again. Since attributes like set, lvl, and vid depend on the value of those attributes in the var preceding the current one, GetDefaultValue( ) obtains a reference to the var's previous sibling, referred to herein as the new var's "uncle" node. The current set attribute is in the current var node's context. The set's uncle var node is the sibling of the set's parent, ergo, uncle.
The default value for set is the uncle var's set attribute value. The default value of lvl is "0", unless the uncle node is a var, in which case that lvl is reused as a default. The vid is an ordinal value, so 1 is added to the uncle's vid, assuming uncle is a var with the same set and lvl.
Regarding the other var attributes, their default values are obtained from enums (if the attribute is based on an enum type in the schema) or from the base class.
public override string GetDefaultValue( ) {
string x = "1";
XmlSchemaType schemaType= base.GetSchemaType( );
if (null == schemaType) {
return null;
SocratesTreeNode parent =
SocratesTreeNode uncle =
switch (schemaType.Name)
case "setType":
if (uncle.Label == "var")
x = uncle.Set;
return x;
case "cidType":
return "_" +
XmlConvert.ToString(System.Guid.NewGuid( ));
case "lvlType":
// default lvl is 0
x = "0";
if (uncle.Label == "var")
x = uncle.Lvl;
return x;
case "vidType":
int y = 1;
if (uncle.Label == "var")
if (parent.Set==uncle.Set &&
parent.Lvl == uncle.Lvl)
y = int.Parse(uncle.Vid) + 1;
return XmlConvert.ToString(y);
if (schemaType is XmlSchemaSimpleType)
XmlSchemaSimpleType st =
if (st.Content is XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction)
XmlSchemaSimpleTypeRestriction cr =
foreach (XmlSchemaFacet f in cr.Facets)
if (f is XmlSchemaEnumerationFacet)
XmlSchemaEnumerationFacet ef =
return ef.Value;
return base.GetDefaultValue( );
Two other types of editors are the IDRefEditor and the AutoGenEditor. The AutoGenEditor may operate as follows: when editing an extant attribute whose vs:editor is set to Socrates.AutoGenEditor, the AutoGenEditor may calls the same GetDefaultValue( ) method that is used for new attributes.
<xs:attribute name="lvl" type="lvlType" use="required"
<autogen />
<tooltip>viz., BVT, Regression, Functional, Stress</tooltip>
The IDRefEditor may operate by calling the method with which the editor 120 extended the IXmlEditor interface. The editor 120 may support model-based testing. When editing a preref (or postref) attribute of the fnc childnode of the var element, the IDRefEditor can gather data from a states element to ensure only valid pre and post conditions are assigned to an fnc element. If the varmap does not contain any state's elements, the IDRefEditor has nothing to display, and so the editor 120 may so warn the author and advises ways to resolve the issue.
<xs:attribute name="preref" type="xs:IDREF" use="optional"
<tooltip>states elements provide IDREF values</tooltip>
class IDRefEditor : SocratesEditor {
public override XmlSchemaType SchemaType {
get {
return base.SchemaType;
set {
base.SchemaType = value;
string dataSource =
XmlNodeList ids =
editor.Items.Clear( );
if (ids.Count == 0)
MessageBox.Show(″The preref and postref attributes take their "+
"value from the collection of states elements in the varmap.\n\n"+
"Add states elements under the varmap node to get dropdown "+
"lists for this attribute.",
"Validation Exception");
foreach (XmlNode id in ids) {
// TODO: use a more explicit dereference to the
// attribute of type ID (schemaInfo property?).
base.editor.Items.Add(id.Attributes["id"].Value );
Model-based editing as described implement "models" of the interrelationship between elements programmatically. However, further augmentations to the XSD file may enable it to store the models that would otherwise be expressed in code. Further, by referring to the XSD file, the editor 120 may divine these models from the schema at runtime. These augmentations may keep the models close to the XSD, and may make the models portable, such that the models are used only when the correct XSD namespace is in scope.
Although the systems and methods have been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the system and method defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described. Rather, the specific features and acts are disclosed as exemplary forms of implementing the claimed system and method.
In addition, regarding certain data and process flow diagrams described and illustrated herein, it is noted that the processes and sub-processes depicted therein may be performed in orders other than those illustrated without departing from the spirit and scope of the description herein. Also, while these data and process flows are described in connection with certain components herein, it is noted that these data and process flows could be performed with other components without departing from the spirit and scope of the description herein.
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|Robert Houben
|Method and apparatus for document markup language driven server
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|Srinivas Mandyam
|Method for extracting content from structured or unstructured text documents
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|Istvan Cseri
|Method and system for providing an XML binary format
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|Schema-based services for identity-based access to inbox data
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|Meta editor for structured documents
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|May 12, 2005
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Web-enabled XML editor
|Jun 3, 2005
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|Chu Peter Z
|Method and apparatus to author and manage pages of a website
|Oct 25, 2005
|May 11, 2006
|James Gabriel
|Extensible object-modelling mechanism
|Dec 21, 2005
|Jun 29, 2006
|Andreas Seurig
|Self-describing editors for browser-based WYSIWYG XML/HTML editors
|Jan 6, 2005
|Jul 6, 2006
|Microsoft Corporation
|Data binding in a word-processing application
|Chidlovskii, "A Structural Adviser for the XML Document Authoring", available at least as early as Apr. 4, 2007, at >, ACM, 2003, pp. 1-9.
|Chidlovskii, "A Structural Adviser for the XML Document Authoring", available at least as early as Apr. 4, 2007, at <<http://www.xrce.xerox.com/Publications/Attachments/2003-070/p346-chidlovskii.pdf>>, ACM, 2003, pp. 1-9.
|Ciancarini, et al, "Managing Complex Documents over the WWW: A Case Study for XML", available at least as early as Apr. 4, 2007, at >, pp. 1-16.
|Ciancarini, et al, "Managing Complex Documents over the WWW: A Case Study for XML", available at least as early as Apr. 4, 2007, at <<http://www.cs.unibo.it/pub/TR/UBLCS/1999/99-06.ps.gz>>, pp. 1-16.
|Quint, et al., "Techniques for Authoring Complex XML Documents", available at least as early as Apr. 4, 2007, at >, ACM, 2004, pp. 1-9.
|Quint, et al., "Techniques for Authoring Complex XML Documents", available at least as early as Apr. 4, 2007, at <<http://wam.inrialpes.fr/publications/2004/DocEng2004VQIV.pdf>>, ACM, 2004, pp. 1-9.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 14, 2009
|Jun 17, 2014
|Microsoft Corporation
|Dynamic editors for functionally composed UI
|Jun 1, 2009
|Sep 2, 2014
|Microsoft Corporation
|Instance space based management pack infrastructure
|Sep 8, 2010
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|Cloudera, Inc.
|Collecting and aggregating datasets for analysis
|U.S. Classification
|715/259, 715/255, 715/273
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Sep 24, 2007
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text:
Truly considering another person's POV means comprehending it, understanding it and most importantly "feeling" it from their side.
It is easy to dismiss the whole Interview episode with some lighthearted head-shaking. But we should take a moment to remember that the reality of life in North Korea is no laughing matter.
This is now a world where journalists are being beheaded, though their main weapon was a pen and schoolchildren are being gunned down in classrooms. We should fight this war on every front, including from Hollywood.
To mitigate the damage and restore confidence, Sony Pictures executives need to develop a plan so this is unlikely to reoccur. While this is easier said than done, IT solutions are available to thwart hackers.
As bad as Sony's cave-in, though, is the ridiculously false "shock" at the hackers' success in exposing the emails. There is incredible naiveté from everyone involved.
This is about your right as an American to produce and consume political, artistic and social expression without governmental terrorism and censorship, in this case North Korea's. This includes your right to choose to see potentially dumb and distasteful films, as well your right not to see it.
The problem with granting heckler's vetoes over speech is that it incentivizes threats of disruption or violence from the least tolerant members of our society.
I find it more than a little ironic that as we wring our collective hands over the interrogation tactics used by the U.S. intelligence community, we are sitting idly by while attackers unknown are torturing and holding hostage an American company.
What Sony has yet to recognize is the opportunity that was inadvertently handed to them by North Korea. Consumer awareness of the film has skyrocketed ever since Sony was hacked in retaliation for the film, which led to further threats to Sony, theaters and theater goers.
EIT - Enhanced Interrogation Techniques. This is the CIA's swell euphemism for torture. It's also a portable concept that can be applied to other noxi...
What is important is that these hacks presage what is going to happen for years to come and at far greater cost than what is being imposed on Sony. The weaponization of code is the most significant development in warfare since the weaponization of fissile material.
If indeed it was North Korea that hacked Sony Pictures? This is a massive cyber-crime carried out by a pariah state against a US company.
Below is the original version of the Meet the Press interview before Cheney's people threatened Todd with a very cold, wet death if he didn't destroy it and re-interview him. Thankfully, Kim Jong-un's hackers were able to locate the original and make it public.
We still have some time left in 2014, and while I work on a "list" for 2015, now it's time to take a deep breath, review last year's predictions and see how I did.
According to Hollywood insiders, the story for the next Spider-Man movie -- which will be known as The Amazing Respected Comrade and Supreme Leader Spider-Man -- will involve hero Peter Parker, played by Kim Jong-un.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Page 1
Conflict monitoring in early
frontotemporal dementia
C.E. Krueger, PhD
A.C. Bird, MS
M.E. Growdon, BA
J.Y. Jang, BA
B.L. Miller, MD
J.H. Kramer, PsyD
Background: Despite the extensive frontal atrophy and behavioral disinhibition that characterizes
behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), many studies of early bvFTD suggest normal
executive functioning (EF). The current study examined cognitive control in patients with bvFTD
who otherwise seemed cognitively normal.
Methods: Subjects included 7 patients with bvFTD with normal neuropsychological test scores, 7
patients with bvFTD matched for Mini-Mental State Examination score but with impaired neuro-
psychological test scores, and 14 normal controls. A flanker paradigm and other measures of EF
were administered to participants. A semiautomated parcellation program was used to analyze
structural MRI scans.
Results: On the flanker task, multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant condition X
diagnosis interaction. Both bvFTD groups showed a larger congruency effect than normal con-
trols, i.e., they displayed disproportionately reduced speed and accuracy on incongruent trials
relative to congruent trials. Imaging data illustrated significant orbitofrontal atrophy in patients
with early bvFTD as compared with controls.
Conclusions: Patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) who performed
within normal limits on clinical tests of executive functioning demonstrated a select impairment
on an experimental test of cognitive control, suggesting a subtle impairment in inhibiting attention
or response to the irrelevant stimuli. Measures of neuropsychological functioning sensitive to the
ventromedial prefrontal cortex may be useful in early diagnosis of patients with bvFTD. Our un-
derstanding of this syndrome may be increased by considering the efficiency of selective inhibi-
tion, a fundamental component of executive cognitive control. Neurology®2009;73:349–355
ANOVA ? analysis of variance; bvFTD ? behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia; CDR ? Clinical Dementia Rating; EF ?
executive functioning; FTLD ? frontotemporal lobar dementia; MANCOVA ? multivariate analysis of covariance; MCI ? mild
cognitive impairment; MMSE ? Mini-Mental State Examination; MP-RAGE ? magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo;
MR ? magnetic resonance.
Frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTLD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease found to be as
ral dementia (bvFTD) is the most common variant of FTLD and is characterized by profound
disturbances in personality, social function, judgment, and insight. Imaging studies have shown
early and disproportionate involvement of orbitofrontal cortex3and associated networks involving
the striatum, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and insula.4-6
Given the widespread frontal atrophy and behavioral disinhibition that characterizes bvFTD,
impairments in executive functioning have been surprisingly difficult to measure.7In fact, many
patients with early bvFTD perform within the normal range on traditional "frontal-executive" tests
measuring working memory, planning, mental flexibility, response inhibition, and concept forma-
tion.8One potential explanation for this lack of sensitivity of traditional tasks of executive control is
insensitive to the medial frontal involvement most affected in early bvFTD.10Recent studies from
From the Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Department of Neurology, San Francisco, CA.
Disclosure: Author disclosures are provided at the end of the article.
Address correspondence and
reprint requests to Dr. Casey E.
Krueger, 350 Parnassus Ave.,
Suite 905, San Francisco, CA
Copyright © 2009 by AAN Enterprises, Inc.
Page 2
cognitive neuroscience suggest that conflict
these regions.11-18
Conflict monitoring is engaged during de-
cision making when it is necessary to override
prepotent responses or choose from a set of
equally permissible responses.11,12The flanker
test is a widely used conflict monitoring task
that requires subjects to indicate the direction
of a central arrow flanked by arrows pointing
in the same or opposite direction.
in patients with bvFTD who otherwise seemed
cognitively normal. We hypothesized that pa-
tients with bvFTD would show disproportion-
ate impairment on the incongruent trials of the
flanker task as compared with normal controls.
METHODS Subjects. All subjects were evaluated at the Uni-
versity of California, San Francisco Memory and Aging Center
by a team of experienced clinicians, including a behavioral neu-
rologist, a neuropsychologist, and a nurse. Every patient was
evaluated for capacity to consent, and then, once capacity was
assured, each patient signed a consent form to participate in this
research study. Institutional review board approval was received
to conduct this study. A research diagnosis of bvFTD was made
using Neary criteria.19From a larger cohort of patients with
bvFTD (n ? 18), we established a smaller cohort of high-
performing subjects with bvFTD by identifying all those who
scored within normal limits on a set shifting task (modified
Trails).20This search yielded 7 patients with bvFTD, who we
refer to as the high-scoring bvFTD group (bvFTD-high). Each
patient in this group was matched with 1 patient with bvFTD
who was impaired on the set shifting task (bvFTD-low) and 2
controls on the basis of age and sex (see table for demographic
information). The mean Mini-Mental State Examination
(MMSE) score of the bvFTD-high group was 27.9 (SD ? 1.7);
2 subjects had Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scores of 0.5,
and 5 subjects had CDR scores of 1.0. The mean MMSE of the
bvFTD-low group was 27.7 (SD ? 1.6); 4 subjects had CDR
scores of 1.0, and 3 subjects had CDR scores of 2.0. Age, educa-
tion, and sex did not significantly differ among the 3 diagnostic
groups. In addition to set shifting (modified Trails B: comple-
tion time), subjects were also administered other measures of
executive functioning, including verbal fluency (d-word genera-
tion: number correctly generated in 1 minute), response inhibi-
tion (Stroop Interference Test: total number correct), and
working memory (Digit Span Backwards).
Participants were given a computer-administered flanker task
and were asked to indicate the direction of a centrally presented
arrow as quickly and accurately as possible. The central arrow was
flanked on both sides by 2 arrows pointing in either the same direc-
400 to 1,600 ms. The fixation period was followed by a 100-ms
ulus (target arrow and flankers) appeared 1.06° above or below the
fixation point (figure 1). Subjects were given up to 3 practice set
trials of 16 (proceeding immediately to the test if they responded
correctly to 12 of the 16 trials and proceeding to the next practice
participants were administered 128 experimental trials (64 with a
200-ms cue-to-stimulus interval and then 64 with a 600-ms cue-to-
stimulus interval). The stimuli were presented until the subject
pressed a key (with a maximum exposure of 4 seconds). The inter-
stimulus interval was a random amount of time and varied between
1 and 3 seconds. Accuracy (percent correct) and reaction time were
measured for each trial.
MR image acquisition. MRI scans were acquired on a 1.5-T
Magnetom VISION system (Siemens Inc., Iselin, NJ) using a
standard quadrature head coil. Volumetric magnetization-
prepared rapid gradient echo (MP-RAGE) MRI (repetition
time/echo time/inversion time ? 10/4/300 ms) to obtain T1-
weighted structural images of the entire brain. The T1 images
were in a coronal orientation, with a 15° flip angle, 1.0 ? 1.0-
mm2in-plane resolution, and 1.5-mm slab thickness.
Image analysis. The T1 MP-RAGE structural magnetic reso-
nance (MR) images were analyzed using Freesurfer, which is
documented and freely available for download online (http://
surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/). Previous publications have de-
tailed and validated the software.21-24Freesurfer is a surface-based
structural MRI analysis tool that segments white matter and tes-
Table Demographic information and performance of subjects on
neuropsychological tests
Age, y
59.4 (5.7)59.3 (6.8)66.4 (8.7)
Education, y
16.1 (2.0) 17.4 (1.0)17.4 (2.8)
Sex, M/F
27.9 (1.7)* 27.7 (1.6)*29.5 (0.7)
.86 (.24)†
1.4 (.53)†
0.0 (0.0)
D words
14.3 (7.4)11.3 (8.8) 17.4 (3.3)
Stroop interference
43.4 (13.0)28.4 (8.2)*50.7 (9.1)
Digit Span Backwards
5.1 (1.1)4.4 (0.8)5.4 (1.1)
Trails B
36.3 (17.6)61.6 (27.5)* 28.6 (11.5)
Flanker: Accuracy, %–Congruent
95.1 (7.9) 95.5 (3.0)‡99.4 (0.8)
Flanker: Accuracy, %–Incongruent
90.4 (12.2)*84.4 (17.9)†98.3 (1.8)
Flanker: Reaction time, ms–Congruent
759.1 (106.7)879.0 (165.1)† 678.2 (88.1)
Flanker: Reaction time, ms–Incongruent
978.7 (177.2)†1,094.3 (239.2)† 787.5 (103.8)
Standard deviations in parentheses.
*Differs from controls at p ? 0.05.
†Differs from controls at p ? 0.01.
‡Differs from controls at p ? 0.001.
bvFTD ? behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia; MMSE ? Mini-Mental State Exami-
nation; CDR ? Clinical Dementia Rating.
Figure 1Incongruent trial on flanker task
Illustration of an incongruent trial above the fixation point
on the flanker task.
Neurology 73August 4, 2009
Page 3
sellates both grey and white matter surfaces. The procedure, in
brief, involves the removal of nonbrain tissue using a hybrid
watershed/surface deformation procedure21and intensity nor-
malization,25followed by automated Talairach transformation
and volumetric segmentation of cortical and subcortical gray and
white matter, subcortical limbic structures, basal ganglia and
ventricles, used to calculate total intracranial volume.26The sur-
facing algorithm uses intensity and continuity data, and corrects
topological defects to generate a continuous cortical ribbon used
to calculate gray matter volume and thickness,21,24a procedure
validated against histologic analysis27and manual measure-
ments.28This cortical surface is then inflated and registered to a
spherical atlas and parcellated into regions of interest based on
gyral and sulcal structure.23,29,30The current study examined the
orbitofrontal cortex and middle frontal gyrus cortical regions of
interest delineated by Desikan et al.30
Our study used the LONI Pipeline environment31(http://
pipeline.loni.ucla.edu), which was developed by LONI and used
to distribute Freesurfer processing tasks to an off-site central pro-
cessing unit cluster located at the UCLA- LONI.
Statistical analysis. Independentsamplesttestswereconducted
to examine group differences between bvFTD-high patients and
controls on measures of executive functioning (lexical fluency, re-
sponse inhibition, working memory, set shifting). An analysis of
variance (ANOVA) was used to examine differences between
bvFTD-high patients, bvFTD-low patients, and controls on tradi-
tional measures of executive functioning. Flanker accuracy and me-
covariance (MANCOVA) with diagnosis as the between-subjects
factor and condition (congruent vs incongruent) as the within-
subject factor. Although there were no group differences in age, the
included as covariates. These analyses were first completed in
bvFTD-high patients and controls to explore whether group differ-
ences existed early in the disease. Analyses were then conducted be-
tween bvFTD-low patients and controls to examine group
differences in more functionally impaired patients. bvFTD-high
and bvFTD-low patients were compared as well. Orbitofrontal cor-
tex and middle frontal gyrus volumes were analyzed with a
MANCOVA with diagnosis as the between-subjects factor and
brain region as the within-subject factor. Total intercranial volume
was included as a covariate.
RESULTS Neuropsychological functioning. Perfor-
mance on clinical neuropsychological tasks was first
compared using independent sample t tests to deter-
mine whether there was a significant difference in
performance between bvFTD-high patients and nor-
mal controls (table). There were no significant differ-
ences between the 2 groups' performance on any of the
measures (verbal fluency, response inhibition, working
memory, and set shifting). ANOVA showed that
bvFTD-low patients differed from bvFTD-high pa-
tients and controls on set shifting and response inhibi-
tion tasks and performed comparably to the other
cohorts on verbal fluency and working memory tasks.
The MANCOVA for accuracy on the flanker in
bvFTD-high patients and controls yielded an insig-
nificant main effect for diagnosis and condition. The
diagnosis by condition interaction was also not sig-
nificant. The MANCOVA for accuracy on the
flanker in bvFTD-low patients and controls yielded
an insignificant main effect for condition and a sig-
nificant main effect for diagnosis [F(1,15) ? 9.5].
The diagnosis by condition interaction was signifi-
cant [F(1,15) ? 6.8], with bvFTD-low patients
showing a larger congruency effect than normal con-
trols (figure 2). Post hoc t tests revealed that bvFTD-
low patients performed less accurately than normal
controls on congruent (t ? 4.6, p ? 0.001) and in-
congruent (t ? 3.0, p ? 0.01) flanker trials.
No subject had a total accuracy rate less than 74%,
so all subjects were included in the reaction time analy-
ses. Main effects for diagnosis (bvFTD-high and con-
trols) and condition were not significant. However,
there was a significant diagnosis-by-condition interac-
tion on reaction time [F(1,17) ? 5.6], with bvFTD-
high patients showing a larger congruency effect than
normal controls (figure 3). Post hoc t tests revealed no
significant difference in reaction time between bvFTD-
Figure 2 Condition by diagnosis interaction
effect for accuracy
A condition by diagnosis interaction effect was found, dem-
onstrating that patients with behavioral variant frontotem-
poral dementia (FTD) showed a larger congruency effect on
accuracy than normal controls.
Figure 3Condition by diagnosis interaction
effect for reaction time
A condition by diagnosis interaction effect was found, dem-
onstrating that patients with behavioral variant frontotem-
poral dementia (FTD) showed a larger congruency effect on
reaction time than normal controls.
Neurology 73 August 4, 2009
Page 4
high patients and normal controls on congruent trials,
but bvFTD-high patients had slower reaction times
than controls during incongruent flanker trials (t ?
?3.1, p ? 0.01). Normal controls showed a 16% in-
crease in reaction time on incongruent trials, whereas
bvFTD-high patients showed a 30% increase, almost
twice that of controls. The MANCOVA for reaction
yielded an insignificant main effect for condition, and a
significant main effect for diagnosis [F(1,15) ? 12.0].
The diagnosis by condition interaction was also signifi-
cant [F(1,15) ? 8.1], with bvFTD-low patients show-
ing a larger congruency effect than normal controls
(figure 3). Post hoc t tests revealed that bvFTD-low pa-
tients had slower reaction times than normal controls
on congruent (t ? ?3.7, p ? 0.01) and incongruent
(t ? ?4.2, p ? 0.01) flanker trials. bvFTD-low pa-
gruent trials as compared with congruent trials.
Of note, there were no significant differences be-
tween bvFTD-high and bvFTD-low patients on any
flanker accuracy or reaction time measures. Even
though bvFTD-high patients performed within nor-
mal limits on traditional neuropsychological mea-
sures, these patients displayed the same congruency
effect as neuropsychologically impaired bvFTD-low
patients when compared with normal controls.
Scatter plots depicting the individual scores of
bvFTD-high patients, bvFTD-low patients, and nor-
mal controls on the flanker tasks revealed a large degree
of overlap between the data, but the bvFTD groups
displayed more variability as compared with controls
(figure 4). This suggests that the flanker test may have
fairly high specificity but very low sensitivity for diag-
useful in diagnosing individual patients.
Imaging. The MANCOVA for region of interest brain
volumes in bvFTD-high patients and controls yielded
icant main effect for diagnosis [F(1,13) ? 5.5]. The
diagnosis by brain region interaction was not signifi-
cant. Post hoc t tests revealed a trend for differences in
middle frontal gyrus volumes and a significant differ-
high patients had significantly smaller orbitofrontal
cortex volumes (20.01 cm3) as compared with controls
(23.75 cm3). bvFTD-high patients showed somewhat
smaller middle frontal gyrus volumes (37.13 cm3) as
compared with controls (42.23 cm3).
Figure 4 Scatter plots of individual scores on flanker tasks
large degree of overlap among the 3 groups, but the behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (FTD) groups displayed
greater variability in performance as compared with controls.
Neurology 73 August 4, 2009
Page 5
DISCUSSION The main finding of this study is that
patients with very mild bvFTD who performed
within normal limits on clinical tests of executive
functioning demonstrated selective impairment in
conflict monitoring. On a flanker task, we found that
while bvFTD-high and controls responded with
comparable accuracy and speed on congruent trials,
reaction time data showed an interaction between
diagnosis and condition, whereby bvFTD-high
patients showed a larger congruency effect (i.e., dis-
proportionate slowing on incongruent trials) than
normal controls. These results demonstrate that
bvFTD is associated with deficits in executive cogni-
tive control, even very early in the disease when stan-
dard clinical neuropsychological test scores are
within normal limits. bvFTD-low patients also dis-
played a larger congruency effect than normal con-
trols, suggesting that selective impairment in conflict
monitoring continues as functional impairments
progress. Although the flanker test yielded group-
wise differences, it does not seem that this test can be
used for diagnosis in individual patients.
Research has proposed that the medial frontal lobes
tion processing.32A study examining the flanker inter-
ference effect as a function of the entire reaction time
(MCI) as compared with normal controls found evi-
dence that inefficient inhibition, rather than greater ac-
tivation of the response induced by incongruent
flankers, accounted for the enhanced interference effect
in MCI patients.33Accordingly, the greater interference
effect found in patients with bvFTD as compared with
normal controls is likely a function of inefficient re-
sponse inhibition. Patients with early bvFTD may have
subtle impairments in inhibiting their attention or re-
sponse to irrelevant stimuli.
Functional imaging studies have demonstrated the
role of the medial frontal circuits in response inhibition
during the flanker task.11-13,17Patients with diseases as-
sociated with impairment in these brain regions (e.g.,
Parkinson disease, MCI, attention-deficit hyperactivity
pared with healthy controls.33-37The strong activation
of medial frontal lobes, and specifically the rostral ante-
rior cingulate, during response conflict trials of the
flanker task in neurologic healthy controls suggests that
the observed findings of impairment in conflict moni-
toring in patients with bvFTD as compared with nor-
mal controls in the current study are a result of
dysfunction in this brain area and related anterior cin-
gulate circuit. Research has illustrated the intrinsic cor-
ticocortical connections within the orbital and medial
prefrontal cortex.38Imaging results in the current study
revealed significant orbitofrontal cortex atrophy in
bvFTD-high patients as compared with controls. More
lateral areas of the frontal lobes (middle frontal gyrus)
were not as profoundly affected. The orbitofrontal cor-
substrate for the observed suppression difficulties evi-
denced in patients with bvFTD.39
Patients with bvFTD and normal controls dif-
fered on an experimental cognitive measure of execu-
tive control but did not deviate on widely used
clinical measures of executive functioning. These re-
sults highlight the issue of task sensitivity in detect-
ing executive cognitive control deficits in patients
with bvFTD. Reaction time tasks may be more sensi-
tive to these deficits than standard clinical measures.
Current models of prefrontal function posit a disso-
ciation between ventromedial or orbitofrontal areas
that mediate behavioral control, and dorsolateral
structures that are more heavily involved in cogni-
tion. Clinical neuropsychological tests of executive
functioning sensitive to lateral prefrontal function
may fail to test the distinct and separate functions of
the areas of the prefrontal cortex that are predomi-
nantly affected in bvFTD.
One limitation to this study is the relatively small
sample size; however, the sample size was comparable
to other studies of this type, and statistically signifi-
cant differences were found indicating fairly large ef-
fect sizes. In addition, although not a significant
difference, controls were slightly older than subjects
with bvFTD. Nevertheless, one might expect that
the increased age in the controls would be associated
with greater likelihood of neuropsychological defi-
cits, if it had any effect at all.
Despite being a fairly common presenile neurode-
generative disease, bvFTD continues to be underdiag-
nosed and misdiagnosed.40Early and accurate diagnosis
remains essential to treat symptoms correctly and to
help patients and families plan for the future. Identify-
ing patients in the earliest stages of the disease not only
allows for effective patient management, but also may
interventions. Measures of neuropsychological func-
tioning sensitive to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex
may be useful in early diagnosis of patients with
bvFTD. Future research examining the efficiency of se-
lective inhibition, a fundamental component of execu-
tive cognitive control, may increase our understanding
of this syndrome.
Dr. Krueger conducted the statistical analysis.
Dr. Krueger reports no disclosures. Ms. Bird receives royalties from pub-
lishing Personality Disorders in Psychology: Contemporary Theory, Research,
and Issues, Lawrence Erlbaum, 2004. Mr. Growdon reports no disclo-
sures. Ms. Jang reports no disclosures. Dr. Miller serves on the speakers'
Neurology 73August 4, 2009


text:
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Image 1stRead MoreJett Studios' expansive studio in the heart of Miami Lakes' busiest shopping center plays host to photo sessions of all sorts. Whether in search of a boudoir session or a family portrait, clients can choose from 50 different settings capable of creating iconic and unique images. During each shoot, the studio's shutterbugs pride themselves on capturing unique moments that showcase their clients' personalities. And the photographers are aided by a team of makeup artists and retouchers who ensure the photographs translate into beautiful printed image.250 NW 23rd St, Unit 312Miami, FL US
Miami Photo Wedding specialistRead MoreFor close to two decades, photographer Carlos Osorio has been preserving family memories at Miami Photo. He has documented more than 400 weddings, and his laid-back, journalistic style has been published in numerous media. Assisted by his wife Sandra, Osorio earned one of WeddingWire.com's Bride's Choice awards in 2009, 2010, and 2011. He turns brides' special days into prints at his own professional lab and converts images into products such as coffee-table albums, canvas prints, or high-resolution vinyl siding. Osorio also captures family portraits, parties, and quinceaňeras, and restores precious photos damaged by the passage of time.210 Almeria AveCoral Gables, FL US
PhotoBooth Fun IncRead MorePhotoBooth Fun is in the business of immortalization. No, they don't cryogenically freeze anybody—rather, they forever incarcerate fun moments within tangible and digital photo-booth pictures, ensuring hosts and guests have something more than just memories to take with them after special events. The classic booth sports a customizable exterior, and is capable of personalizing strips with names, dates, and messages, and hosts can have guestbooks filled with all the pictures taken at the event.18921 SW 32nd CtMiramar, FL US
jcpenney portraitsRead MoreFor decades, JCPenney Portraits has welcomed families into its friendly studios, where professional photographers expertly photograph subjects of any age. Digital cameras, professional lighting, and a wide selection of backgrounds all work together to ensure a professional, personalized look for every family portrait, school picture, business headshot, or baby announcement. To customize the session even more, the staff also encourages guests to incorporate items with special meaning such as a baby blanket or a family heirloom. From a first baby portrait to senior pictures and engagement photos, JCPenney Portraits helps to preserve special family memories to come. After the final flash, clients and a team member head to the viewing kiosk, where they can select their photos and customize them. Beyond traditional printed portraits, memories may also be preserved on high-resolution CD, gallery wraps, wall art, or through JCPenney Portraits' archival program, which allows clients to store and share their portraits online.11401 Pines Blvd.Pembroke Pines, FL US


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Roman Catholics Read this
Added 04/09/15.ENTHRONEMENT OF THE SACRED HEART to the downloads page.
Please Pray For....
I urge all readers to say a prayer for the needs of those who post their petitions here. This is the Church truly in action.
Traditional Catechism Online.
An adaptation of Fr. Connell's Catechism. Click the link below!
Welcome to Laudate Dominum!
Here you will find the traditional rites and prayers of Holy Mother Church, as well as many other pious devotions, practised by Traditional Roman Catholics.
This site is dedicated to our Lord Jesus Christ, and laid at the feet of our Lady.
May the Lord bless this site and all who visit!
For those of you who partake in the traditional Sacraments and Sacramentals, you will find a goldmine of rites from the Rituale Romanum,and many pious prayers from other Roman Catholic sources.
If you are looking for a ritual book for a traditional Catholic Priest, download the Collectio Rituum Romanum or a complete Latin/English Sunday Missal from the download page-its free!
Please Enjoy Your Visit.
Unauthorised use of files from this site.
It has come to the stage where I have had enough of people loading files from my downloads page to their own sites for download. It seems that breaking the Seventh Commandment and committing a MORTAL SIN means nothing to these people who call themselves "Christians". In future, I will name and shame persons using files files from laudatedominum.net on their site without permission. The message to these so called "Christians, is simple, if you want these types of files on your site go through the trouble and time of typing out your own!
So be warned, if you use these files without my permission prepare to be named and shamed and have your photo (if available) published on this site.I will remove the person's name and url when they remove the files from their site. IF YOU SEE THESE FILES ON ANY OTHER SITE DROP ME A LINE WITH THE URL AND I WILL ADD IT TO THE HALL OF SHAME PAGE. (COMING VERY, VERY, SOON!)
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Thanks St. Jude for prayers answered . Will keep praying.
For St. Jude novena see Various Devotions page.
I was contacted by a visitor to this site and requested to include a prayer for the Holy Souls in purgatory. They need our prayers and all too often they are forgotten in our daily prayers. Please say this prayer every day.
O Lord God Almighty, we beseech Thee, by the Precious Blood of Thy divine Son Jesus that was shed in His bitter crowning with thorns, deliver the souls in purgatory, and amongst them all, that soul in particular which is in the most gravest need of our prayers, so that it may not tarry long in praising Thee in Thy glory and blessing Thee for eternity.
Our Father, Hail, Mary,
Prayer of St. Gertrude
Eternal Father, I offer to Thee the Most Precious Blood of Jesus in union with all of the Masses said throughout the world this day for all the Souls in Purgatory.
Our Lord told St. Gertrude that every time this prayer is recited a great many Souls are released from Purgatory. There are countless Poor Souls who need our prayers to relieve their suffering.
Also remember to have Masses said for the Holy Souls suffering in Purgatory, and also, if you cannot afford to have many Masses said for them, you can at least assist at as many Masses as possible with the intention of praying for them.
"It is therefore a holy and wholesome thought to pray for the dead, that they may be loosed from sins." --2 Mach. 12:46. DRV.
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Publication of any material from this site without explicit permission is strictly prohibited. References to Laudate Dominum from external sites do not indicate permission, approval, or even knowledge of such external sites. This site operates independently of any diocese, religious society, or other web site. Any opinions given are strictly those of the Webmaster.
Copyright © 2005—2015. All Rights Reserved.


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Intelematics is about connected mobility for motorists
We create value for our customers by connecting their customers to assistance services and information about the road ahead; watching out for their customers' safety; caring for their vehicles; and providing access to location-based infotainment and social networking while on the move.
SUNA Traffic Channel
Intelematics has been providing SUNA Traffic Channel in Australia since 2007 and in New Zealand since 2012. SUNA is Australasia's leader in digital traffic information.
Intelematics North America
If you are looking for information on Intelematics North America, please click on the link above.
Industry News
Navman extends partnership with SUNA Traffic
August 31, 2015
Navman has renewed its agreement with real-time traffic information provider, SUNA Traffic Channel, for a further two years, it was announced today. SUNA is the most comprehensive real-time traffic service in ANZ, comprising the most extensive sensor network and largest traffic behaviour database in the region. Navman customers with SUNA-compatible devices are automatically updated on […]
RACV and Intelematics Announced as Premier Partners for ITS World Congress 2016
July 29, 2015
Hosting the 23rd annual ITS World Congress in Melbourne next year, ITS Australia have announced the Royal Automobile Club of Victoria (RACV) and Intelematics Australia as Premier Partners for the event. Running from 10-14 October 2016, the ITS World Congress brings together users, suppliers, government authorities, academia and transport businesses together, celebrating the latest in […]
Intelematics wins Industry Award at National ITS Awards
December 24, 2014
ITS Awards National Winner – Media Release Intelematics wins Industry Award for Toyota Connected Vehicle Program at National ITS Awards Melbourne, 10 December, 2014 – Intelematics has been recognised with a national technology excellence award for its work on a flexible connected vehicle platform for Toyota Motor Corporation. The company was named the winner of […]


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ROCKVILLE, Md., May 21, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Neuralstem, Inc. (NYSE MKT: CUR) announced that Richard Garr, CEO and President, will present at the World Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Congress in London (http://www.terrapinn.com/2012/stemcells/index.stm) on Tuesday, May 22nd at 12:30 PM. Mr. Garr's presentation, "Stem Cell Applications for Neurodegenerative Disorders," will review Neuralstem's cellular therapy trial in ALS, its neurogenic small molecule trial in major depressive disorder (MDD), and provide an overview on plans to expand the cellular therapy program.
(Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20061221/DCTH007LOGO )
About Neuralstem
Neuralstem's patented technology enables the ability to produce neural stem cells of the human brain and spinal cord in commercial quantities, and the ability to control the differentiation of these cells constitutively into mature, physiologically relevant human neurons and glia. Neuralstem is in an FDA-approved Phase I safety clinical trial for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), often referred to as Lou Gehrig's disease, and has been awarded orphan status designation by the FDA.
In addition to ALS, the company is also targeting major central nervous system conditions with its cell therapy platform, including spinal cord injury, ischemic spastic paraplegia and chronic stroke. The company has submitted an IND (Investigational New Drug) application to the FDA for a Phase I safety trial in chronic spinal cord injury.
Neuralstem also has the ability to generate stable human neural stem cell lines suitable for the systematic screening of large chemical libraries. Through this proprietary screening technology, Neuralstem has discovered and patented compounds that may stimulate the brain's capacity to generate new neurons, possibly reversin
|SOURCE Neuralstem, Inc.
Copyright©2010 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved


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Morning Kingfisher shots: NEX-7 and 500mm
Started Jul 6, 2014 | Discussions thread
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Morning Kingfisher shots: NEX-7 and 500mm
Jul 6, 2014
Beautiful fine day, but really cold. Static Kingfisher shots because my hands were freezing with the wind chill, so no BIF's An older shot in the last one though.
Anyway, two hours walking in mud, water and wet sand. Worth while with a good 20 - 30 shots, so not all was lost.
NEX-7 and Canon FD 500 F/4.5L
All the best folks.
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Schmidt, Gillespie Optioned to Triple-A Reno
Posted: 03/15/2012 - The Arizona Diamondbacks made their first round of cuts on Thursday.
Posted: 03/15/2012 - The Arizona Diamondbacks made their first round of cuts on Thursday.
Updated: 01/25/2012 - The Reno Aces Baseball Club has been awarded the 2013 Triple-A All-Star Game, it was announced in a press conference held this morning at Aces Ballpark.
Updated: 12/12/2011 - The Arizona Diamondbacks have signed Cody Ransom to a minor league contract.
Posted: 12/09/2011 - Kevin Towers sees an opportunity for the Arizona Diamondbacks to defend their division title, and he isn't about to sit still.
Posted: 11/22/2011 - After guiding the Reno Aces to their first-ever Pacific Coast League playoff berth in 2011, former Major League All-Star Brett Butler will return as manager of the club in 2012, the Arizona Diamondbacks announced today.
Posted: 11/17/2011 - The Arizona Diamondbacks have signed infielder Rusty Ryal to a minor league contract. Ryal was PCL all-star as a member of the Reno Aces in 2009.
Updated: 11/08/2011 - A week removed from being tabbed Topps Pacific Coast League Player of the Year, Reno Aces outfielder Collin Cowgill has been named to the Topps Triple-A All-Star Team, the Topps Company of New York, N.Y., in conjunction with Minor League Baseball, announced today.
Updated: 10/05/2011 - Ryan Roberts hit a grand slam, Chris Young had the first two-homer game in Arizona's postseason history and Diamondbacks beat the Milwaukee Brewers 10-6 Wednesday night to force Game 5 in the NL division series.
Updated: 09/28/2011 - Matt Kemp hit a two-run homer to become the first Dodgers player in 70 years to lead the NL in home runs and RBIs, and Los Angeles held off a late rally to beat the playoff-bound Arizona Diamondbacks 7-5 on Wednesday night.
Posted: 09/27/2011 - Ryan Roberts' grand slam capped a six-run 10th inning that gave the Arizona Diamondbacks the most amazing of their 48 come-from-behind victories this season, a 7-6 triumph over the Los Angeles Dodgers on Tuesday night.
Updated: 09/05/2011 - Angel Berroa smashed a grand slam that capped a five-run Aces seventh inning and lifted Reno to a 12-8 victory over the Tucson Padres in the regular-season finale Monday afternoon at Aces Ballpark.
Updated: 09/04/2011 - Ryan Langerhans went 2-for-2 with two walks for the Aces Sunday evening, but Tucson erased an early deficit and plated eight runs in the sixth inning, holding on for a 10-3 win over Reno at Aces Ballpark.
Updated: 09/03/2011 - Aces catcher Robby Hammock was called up by the Arizona Diamondbacks on Friday.
Updated: 09/01/2011 - Reno's offense came to life in the eighth inning Thursday night, but the effort proved to be too little as the Fresno Grizzlies forced a series split with a 4-1 victory over the Aces in the series finale at Aces Ballpark.
Posted: 08/31/2011 - Cole Gillespie's three-run homer in the first inning helped stake Reno to a 4-0 lead Wednesday night, and the Aces held on to for a 4-3 victory over the Fresno Grizzlies at Aces Ballpark.
Updated: 08/25/2011 - Ah, the memories the Arizona Diamondbacks will take home from their trip to the nation's capital.
Updated: 08/25/2011 - Kevin Mulvey spun a complete game shutout in the opener, and Ryan Langerhans homered in both games Thursday night, as the Reno Aces split a doubleheader with the Tucson Padres at Kino Stadium.
Updated: 08/24/2011 - Andy Tracy and Cole Gillespie hit back-to-back home runs in the fourth inning Wednesday night, but the effort went for naught, as the Tucson Padres rallied for a 9-5 victory over Reno in the series opener at Kino Stadium.
Updated: 08/24/2011 - The Arizona Diamondbacks have designated infielder Cody Ransom for assignment to make room for the two players acquired in Tuesday's trade with the Toronto Blue Jays
Updated: 08/21/2011 - Aces starter Zach Kroenke held the Tacoma Rainiers to just two runs over seven innings Sunday afternoon, extending Reno's division lead to 7.5 games with a 4-2 victory at Aces Ballpark.
Updated: 08/18/2011 - Wes Roemer kept the Aces in the game in his first Triple-A start of the season, but a five-run Oklahoma City seventh inning pushed the RedHawks to a 6-3 victory over Reno Thursday night at RedHawks Field at Bricktown.
Updated: 08/17/2011 - Reno starter Gaby Hernandez held Oklahoma City to just two runs over six innings, but the Aces dropped their fourth-straight game Wednesday night, 2-1, at RedHawks Field at Bricktown.
Updated: 08/17/2011 - Wes Roemer was transferred from Double-A Mobile to Triple-A Reno on Wednesday.
Updated: 08/14/2011 - Aces starter Barry Enright allowed just one run over seven innings of work, but the offense couldn't back him up Sunday night, as the New Orleans Zephyrs slid past Reno, 4-0, at Zephyr Field.
Updated: 08/13/2011 - Pitching just outside his hometown, Aces starter Wade Miley dealt a complete-game three-hitter and added three hits of his own at the plate to vault Reno to a 4-1 victory over the New Orleans Zephyrs Saturday at Zephyr Field.


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Would think of it again if it drops below $22 or when Bloom Lake begins to earn money.
Good luck to all.
Below $22? Not possible at least for a while.
You may see we go to $29 before the next earning report. I think it is a sell if we pass $30 before the next earning report, but for now, it is a strong buy.
Sentiment: Strong Buy
spitzkohl....Come back...!!!
Sentiment: Buy
Maybe, but not today. I don't run behind a running train!


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- For the Sauce:
- 1 cup ketchup
- 1/2 cup apple cider vinegar
- 1/4 cup onion, minced
- 2 cloves garlic, minced
- 2 teaspoons chili powder
- 1/2 teaspoon hot pepper sauce
- 3 chicken breast halves, bone-in
- For the Slaw:
- 4 cups cabbage, thinly sliced or chopped
- 1/2 cup mayonnaise
- 2 tablespoons yellow mustard
- 1 1/2 tablespoons apple cider vinegar
- 1/2 teaspoon celery seeds
- 1/4 teaspoon salt
- 1/4 teaspoon pepper
- 4 hamburger buns
Preheat oven to 325 degrees F.
In small bowl, whisk together ketchup, apple cider vinegar, onion, garlic, chili powder and hot pepper sauce.
Place chicken breasts in glass baking dish. Pour sauce over chicken, turning to coat all sides. Turn chicken skin-side up. Place in oven and bake 1 hour. Set aside until cool enough to handle.
While chicken is cooling, in large bowl, stir together cabbage, mayonnaise, yellow mustard, apple cider vinegar, celery seeds, salt and pepper. Set aside.
Discard chicken skin. Pull meat off bones; place meat in saucepan. Scrape sauce out of baking dish and stir into saucepan. Over low heat, warm chicken until hot throughout.
Open buns on plates; top with chicken and slaw. Close buns and serve.
Recipe reprinted by permission of www.eatchicken.com. All rights reserved.
RecID 7983
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Two arrested after marijuana odor sparks city, federal drug raid
The odor of marijuana outside an Anderson home prompted a drug raid Tuesday afternoon that resulted in the arrests of two men.
Heavily armed members of the Anderson Police Department's SWAT team and federal Drug Enforcement Administration agents burst into a home at 516 Hudgens St. about 12:40 p.m.
Anderson Police Chief Jim Stewart said a narcotics officer for his department noticed the odor of marijuana coming from the home Tuesday morning. The officer knocked on the door but the people inside the home refused to let him in, Stewart said.
While DEA agents watched the home, police obtained a search warrant from a judge.
The search warrant was administered by SWAT team members to assure officer safety, Stewart said.
Police arrested 33-year-old Anthony Cunningham and 28-year-old Benjamin Williams Jr., according to Anderson police Lt. David Creamer.
Cunningham was charged with possession with intent to distribute marijuana and unlawful possession of a fiream, Creamer said. Williams was charged with possession of marijuana and operating a drug house, Creamer said.
Both men were taken to the city jail, where they will be held awaiting a Wednesday morning bond hearing, Creamer said.
Records show that Cunningham was arrested last Friday by an Anderson County sheriff's deputy on two drug charges. He was released one day later from the Anderson County Detention Center on $40,000 bail.
Cunningham pleaded guilty in 1999 to a drug offense and was placed on five years' probation, according to court records. He received a one-year sentence in 2007 after pleading guilty to another drug charge, court records show.
The home where Tuesday's raid occurred is in a neighborhood near Williamston Road and North Gossett Street where it is not uncommon to find illegal drugs, Creamer said.
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A new welcome center will be opening on La Grange's Main Street.
The new La Grange Welcome Center will be located at 208 East Main Street, near the city's square and crossroads districts. Many of the city's businesses are near this area, which was a factor in the choice of location.
On Sept. 24, Operation Outreach partnered with the American Legion Post 39 to bring Oldham County Vietnam Veterans to the John Black Community Center so they could be recognized for their service. Veterans were treated to lunch and given gift bags that included cards made by students of Camden Station, Crestwood and Kenwood Station Elementary Schools.
Suspended superintendent Will Wells has parted ways with Oldham County Schools.
The Oldham County Board of Education and Wells agreed to a settlement in a special school board meeting last Tuesday night.
This comes after Wells was suspended June 24 pending an investigation after falling short in standards concerning "professionalism, ethics, honesty and integrity" in a recent evaluation.
Residents of La Grange can now work together with police to ensure a safer community.
The La Grange Police Department has had an anonymous crime and drug online tip line for several years, but a few months ago, it installed a phone tip line for those who feel it necessary to give police information on the illegal activities in their neighborhood.
Creasey-Mahan Nature Preserve's annual Haunted Hike will be held Oct. 3.
The hike takes families through a mile-long Halloween-themed trail, featuring 18 stations where they can get candy from volunteers, who will be dressed in costume. The stations also feature elaborate sets designed and built by volunteers. Each station has its own theme.
The Oldham County Fiscal Court, which convened on Sept. 15 at the Fiscal Court Building in La Grange, heard a proposal from Oldham County Dispatch Director Kevin Nuss to approve an integrated software system that would improve dispatch workers' ability to respond to emergency calls.
Copyright © 2015
The Oldham Era is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in Oldham County and LaGrange, Kentucky, and the surrounding area.


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Select Local Merchants
Red Brick Station Restaurant and Brew PubRead MoreFor bar nibbles and pub food par excellence, Red Brick Station Restaurant and Brew Pub is a top pick. No need to miss out on Red Brick Station Restaurant and Brew Pub just because you are avoiding fat or gluten. The restaurant has tons of options that can accommodate your dietary needs. Take your pick of beer, wine, or other beverages offered on Red Brick Station Restaurant and Brew Pub's menu. Red Brick Station Restaurant and Brew Pub is great for families with kids. For your next big bash, consider hosting at Red Brick Station Restaurant and Brew Pub, a great space for big groups with a private room to boot. Just around the workday bend are Red Brick Station Restaurant and Brew Pub's happy hour food and drink bargains. Red Brick Station Restaurant and Brew Pub's outdoor seating is available during the warmer months. Weekends can get packed, so take advantage of the restaurant's reservations. Casual dining at its best, Red Brick Station Restaurant and Brew Pub customers are free to enjoy themselves in jeans and a T-shirt. If you're in a hurry, place an order for pickup instead. Love the food so much you want to serve it at your next soiree? No problem — Red Brick Station Restaurant and Brew Pub offers catering. Don't spend time searching for parking — patrons are welcome to use the adjoining lot. A night out here can be a bit pricey, so prepare to shell out a bit more.8149 Honeygo BlvdBaltimore, MD US
Royal Rabbit VineyardsRead MorePerched on a hill overlooking northern Baltimore County's scenic valleys, Royal Rabbit Vineyards typically provides guests pleasing views throughout the year. It isn't until late spring and summer, however, that the landscape begins to change: heavy green and purple orbs crop up along 4 acres of climbing grapevines. By fall, the heavy, ripened grapes are ready for harvest—later on they'll be turned into the winery's award-winning wines or used as low-impact marbles. The small winery lies along the Piedmont Wine Trail and Mason-Dixie Wine Trail, which connects more than 20 small, family-owned wineries in Pennsylvania and Maryland. In keeping with the Royal Rabbit Vineyards motto—"Treat yourself royally"—many of the wines have royal titles, including a cabernet franc blend dubbed "the duke." Wine labels display a kingly rabbit holding a golden chalice.1090 Jordan Sawmill RoadParkton, MD US
The Brewer's ArtRead MoreFor American fare with an edge, The Brewer's Art won't disappoint. If you're avoiding fat or gluten, you can still eat well at The Brewer's Art, which offers a number of low-fat and gluten-free choices. The Brewer's Art's fully stocked bar is a perk for patrons who enjoy a fine wine (or more) with their meal. Families will feel right at home at The Brewer's Art with its kid-friendly menu and atmosphere. Make sure to check out The Brewer's Art's happy hour for a great way to decompress from the workday. You won't feel cramped at The Brewer's Art, even with a large party — the restaurant is perfect for large groups. Volume at this restaurant can reach upper decibels, so come prepared to raise your voice to be heard. Weekend visitors to the restaurant are well advised to take advantage of the reservation system — crowds tend to pack the place on Fridays and Saturdays. The dress code at The Brewer's Art is as relaxed as the ambience, so wear whatever suits you. Call The Brewer's Art for catering if you have a big event coming up. Circle the block for a space on the street, or take a spot in the nearby garage. A night out here can be a bit pricey, so prepare to shell out a bit more. The Brewer's Art accepts Visa, Mastercard, Discover, American Express, and all major credit cards.1106 N Charles StBaltimore, MD US
Cassinelli Winery & VineyardsRead MoreTwo buffalos graze between hundreds of fruit-bearing trees. But it's the grapes sprouting throughout Cassinelli Winery & Vineyards' 110 wooded and open acres that matter most. Each hand-selected and sustainably farmed grape emerges from the earth to take its first step toward becoming one of 12 wines produced at the vineyard. Those include a 2009 Barbera reserve and a 2009 Merlot, bronze- and gold-medal winners, respectively, at the Maryland Governor's Cup, a cup always filled with wine or melted cheese. Seven total medals have distinguished Cassinelli wines, which the company's owners share at their tasting room, events, and a quartet of outlets throughout the state.3830 Church Hill Rd.Church Hill, MD US
Appalachian Brewing CompanyRead MoreGrab a seat and dig in! Appalachian Brewing Company in Lititz offers tasty eats everyone will enjoy. No need to splurge on a babysitter — tots will be right at home chowing down at Appalachian Brewing Company. Summer meals will taste even better when you enjoy them on Appalachian Brewing Company's gorgeous patio. Leaving the couch is half the battle. Your foods awaits your pickup at Appalachian Brewing Company. Get in and out of the car quickly with no-hassle parking located all around the restaurant. Bicyclists will also find lots of space to safely lock up their bikes.55 North Water StreetLititz, PA US
DuClaw Brewing Co.Read MoreGrab a seat at DuClaw Brewing Co. if you're hungry for an easy American meal — sandwiches and salads are popular options at this low-key establishment. Life is all about choices, and they are not limited here with plenty of gluten-free and low-fat dishes. DuClaw Brewing Co. patrons can also take advantage of the many drink options offered here. Tots and tykes will be right at home at DuClaw Brewing Co. with its kid-approved food and ambience. Don't stay cooped up on a beautiful summer day! At DuClaw Brewing Co., you can dine outdoors on their lovely patio. No need for a wardrobe change when you hit DuClaw Brewing Co. — it's strictly casual. Always five minutes behind schedule? Pick up your food to go instead. Patrons have access to free parking in the neighboring lot. Your tab at DuClaw Brewing Co. will usually run to about $30 per guest.4000 Town Center BlvdBowie, MD US