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Many of the risks within the country's emergency departments would be significantly reduced if recommendations previously made by HIQA had been implem(...)
HSE will be abolished over next five years, says Varadkar
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Patients are facing an even more severe crisis in hospital emergency departments this year compared to last winter, the head of the Irish Hospital Con(...)
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There are no obstetricians working exclusively in the private sector, the Irish Hospital Consultants Association (IHCA) has said. In its annual repor(...)
An Post advises customers not to send mail due to strike
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Select Local Merchants
Buddha Lounge Yoga StudioRead MoreKeith Fox's love for yoga is inspiringly contagious. Calling upon more than 500 hours spent earning his Experienced Professional Level Yoga Alliance Teacher title, he has amassed a student following at multiple studio locations. Press sources such as Atlantic Ave magazine and the Sun Sentinel have highlighted his dedication to the practice after observing his popular live-music classes at the Colony Hotel. His wife, Kelly, also teaches yoga, and his teenage daughter, Ally—a yoga devotee since age 3—leads seminars for children. Keith's reach even extends to the shores of Costa Rica. He travels there to lead intensive yoga workshops for underprivileged populations, who can receive the art's calming effects through his and Kelly's nonprofit, the MahaShakti Foundation. At YogaFox, Keith's classes focus on his own brand of empowerment yoga, which syncs Vinyasa-style poses and breathing patterns to access self-awareness. He hopes that his pupils can carry the inner balance that they achieve over to everyday living, channeling yoga's mental centering techniques to get through stressful days assembling penny-farthing bells at the farthing factory.1405 North Federal HighwayDelray Beach, FL US
Bikram Yoga Delray BeachRead MoreBikram Yoga Delray Beach's instructors coach students of all skill levels through a sequence of physically demanding yoga poses that can improve stamina and promote healthy organ function. Yogis lead each session from atop a small raised platform at the front of the mirror-lined room, where they motivate students with encouraging words and choreographed cheers. Each 90-minute class, like a fire-eaters' convention, meets in an intensely heated space and consists of two calming breathing exercises and 26 postures. Students transition between standing bends, seated stretches, and reclining naps during each session, methodically working muscle groups across the entire body while flooding cells with torrents of freshly oxygenated blood. While pupils stretch and bend, instructors carefully monitor each student's form while doling out a steady stream of verbal instructions and experimental knock-knock jokes.3055 S Federal Hwy.Delray Beach, FL US
Lents PilatesRead MoreWork on mastering your balance, alignment and yoga postures at Lents Pilates in Delray Beach. Take advantage of their excellent personal trainers to ensure that your fitness goals are met on the time table you set. Don't forget to bring your water bottle to Lents Pilates' hot yoga sessions, where staying hydrated is the key to success. Engage and tone every muscle in your body and kick your way to fitness victory. For a workout that tests your perseverance and endurance, you'll pick cross fit every time. Parking is plentiful, so patrons can feel free to bring their vehicles.200 Northeast 2nd AvenueDelray Beach, FL US
Yoga SolRead MoreShow off your poses (and your endurance) at Delray Beach's Yoga Sol. You may want to pack a change of clothes before heading to Yoga Sol, where students rave about the hot yoga classes. Parking is plentiful, so visitors can feel free to bring their vehicles.215 NE 22nd StDelray Beach, FL US
Off The Grid YogaRead MoreDelray Beach residents come to Off The Grid Yoga to stretch it out and break a sweat. Find a space on the street or park in the lot not far from the studio.1020 S Federal HwyDelray Beach, FL US
Pilates of Boynton BeachRead MoreLaura Becraft leads an athletic life, which means she understands how difficult it can be to come back from an injury. After a running injury sidelined her in 2003, she began incorporating Pilates into her rehab efforts. Soon, she was a true believer. Now, as the owner of Pilates of Boynton Beach, she leads a squad of certified instructors and oversees a full schedule of group workout classes. The curriculum shapes lean bodies with a variety of stretching and dance techniques. Mat and equipment Pilates work alongside Xtend Barre lessons to stretch muscles while improving posture, and Zumba classes incorporate festive music to fuel cardio choreography. Spin classes give participants a high-energy experience that allows them to adjust resistance to customize their workout. All sessions, whether group or private, are meant to accommodate students of any skill level so long as they bring a permission slip signed by each vertebra.8788 Boynton Beach Blvd.Boynton Beach, FL US

subset: commoncrawl


text:
There's been a lot of buzz in the news and social media this week about working in the office vs. working remotely. While each company has to make decisions that are most appropriate for their own organization, Cisco has a very clear point of view on how and where employees can work – we support employees who work remotely or in the office. Central to this philosophy is our own technology which enables our global team to connect, communicate, collaborate and learn from wherever we are around the world – be it Japan, India, France, Canada and almost 200 other countries.
How Not Where Is What Matters Most in a Collaborative Work Environment
ACE Network: How Cisco Jabber for Windows Helps Me Do More with My Laptop
My laptop PC recently took on a new role: As a tool for centrally managing the different phones that I use in my work. The new Cisco Jabber for Windows client allows me to control the Cisco 9971 desk phone that's in my Cisco office and the Cisco 7961 phone I have in my home office. But I can also use the Jabber client as a soft phone on my laptop, both answering and dialing calls as if I was at my hardware phone.
This flexibility means that I'm easier to reach and I can use the best phone that's available to me at any given moment. Even better, I can use the Jabber client for more than just phone calls because it integrates features for instant messaging (IM), presence, audio and web conferencing, and visual voicemail.
I find the client's IM and presence capabilities especially helpful. These features often allow me to answer those "got a second?" information requests from a customer, partner, or member of my team without needing to make a return call or play phone tag. It also means I don't have to wait until I'm back in my office or at home to take care of it.
Tags: coc-collaboration, jabber, jabber client, mobility, softphone, Windows
ACE Network: Seeing Important Calls Faster with Visual Voicemail
Whether I'm at my desk, working from home with my laptop, or walking out of a meeting, I don't worry about missing an important message thanks to our Cisco Unity Visual Voicemail service.
Visual Voicemail provides me a list of all waiting messages and it is one of the first things I check at work every day: in the display on my Cisco Unified IP desk phone, on the Cisco Unity Web portal, or in the Cisco Jabber client on my laptop or smartphone. Scrolling through the message list, it's easy to prioritize which calls I need to return right away, which messages I can delete or forward, and which ones I can deal with later.
Visual Voicemail helps me be more responsive to my colleagues, partners or stakeholders and it's a big timesaver. To illustrate my point, a study we conducted showed that 62 percent of our ACE Network users save at least five minutes each day. They tell me that it keeps them from having to check multiple voice mailboxes and playing phone tag. If the entire Cisco sales force adopted Visual Voicemail capabilities, the potential productivity benefits to Cisco could be worth US $44 million per year – and that's for Visual Voicemail alone!
Tags: ACE, coc-collaboration, mailbox, messages, unity, visual voicemail, vmail, voicemail
ACE Network: My Calls are now HD Video with the Cisco Jabber Client
It used to be that a video call meant going to a special room for a high-end video conference or putting up with the small webcam image on a laptop. Today, nearly all of the calls I handle at my desk are video calls because of the mid-range but very portable video meeting experience in the Cisco Jabber client.
Cisco Jabber Clients use the same video engine from Cisco Jabber Video for TelePresence (Movi). I use Cisco Jabber on our internal ACE network, where Cisco IT has been testing it as a new product before supporting it in production.
Being able to join a high-definition video call instantly, without having to schedule and wait, is more than just a convenience. It is becoming a necessity to conduct business these days and sometimes it's the only way you can reach some people.
Tags: ACE, chat, coc-collaboration, HD video, high def, IM, jabber, Jabber Video, Movi, Presence, softphone, video, video conferencing
WebEx Social Community Boosts Cisco Salesforce Productivity and New Product Launch Bookings
Keeping more than 20,000 Cisco salespeople in 87 countries up to date on our hundreds of products and solutions is a critical and challenging task. Just ask members of the Global Virtual Team Program. They are responsible for bringing SMEs from various business units together to provide product and related training directly to the salesforce, which is mostly done through WebEx conference calls, webinars, recorded content on shared topics, hands-on labs, and live events at Cisco's San Jose campus. Read More »
Tags: coc-collaboration, collaboration, enterprise social platform, sales productivity, salesforce, WebEx Social


text:
Solar, wind, hydro, or nuclear? Stay in the know about alternative forms of renewable energy.
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Obsessed with Radiohead? Play Nirvana on repeat? Alternative rock music is awesome. Check out more.
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High School Sports
Arizona Christian University, AIA announce partnership
Arizona Christian University continues to build momentum.
After recently announcing its first football coach, ACU and the Arizona Interscholastic Association disclosed Wednesday that they are partnering up to help raise the profile of ACU and its athletic department. Last week, Paradise Valley High's Donnie Yantis was named ACU's first head football.
On Feb. 8, ACU's athletic department will host a Preview Day to introduce the school's entire coaching staff to Arizona high school athletes and their families.
Families can also learn more about the school's admission requirements and financial aid on that day.
"Arizona Christian University is rising to create new opportunities for students in higher education, including an athletics program that balances faith and strength of character with championship-caliber competition," said Len Munsil, president of Arizona Christian University. "We are proud to partner with AIA Sports Properties to raise the visibility of ACU Athletics, especially with the launch of our football program that adds to our many successful existing men's and women's teams."
AIA Sports Properties handles the sponsorship and multimedia rights partnership between the AIA and Virginia based Rockbridge Sports Group, which helps clients retain ownership of their brand.
Frankie Acosta, a former University of Arizona assistant athletic director, runs the AIA's AIA Sports Properties.
"The AIA is committed first and foremost to our student-athletes, and partnering with Rockbridge Sports Group ensures that we will grow this program within our culture," said Chuck Schmidt, associate executive director and chief operating officer of the AIA. "This team shares our mission and is committed to do everything we can to generate resources and opportunities to support our next generation of local leaders, which will come from responsible and engaged corporate leaders who understand how giving back to their communities can help them meet their goals."
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Mel Byrge and Rich Allday join the show to discuss the passing of All-State player Bill Dawson
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Head Coach of Pinnacle Dana Zupke joins the show.
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Pinnacle Freshman Quarterback Spencer Rattler and Hamilton Head Coach Steve Belles join the show. We
September 19, 2015 - Hour: 2
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AIA Associate Executive Director David Hines joins us to talk about a big conference shake up for al
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AZ Preps 365 is your source for all of Arizona's High School sports information, stories, and news.
September 12, 2015 - Hour: 2
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AZ Preps 365 is your source for all of Arizona's High School sports information, stories, and news.
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Week 2 is in the books, Dana Zupke joins the show, along with Mel Byrge and Rich Allday.


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Best of Sport
Mississippi State Bulldogs head coach Vic Schaefer talks with his... Fotografia de notíciasAdulto,Basquetebol Feminino,Basquetebol universitário feminino,Desporto,EUA,Equipa Desportiva,Falar,Kentucky,Kentucky Wildcats,Lexington,Mississippi State Bulldogs,Mississippi State Lady Bulldogs,Mulheres,NCAA,NCAA College Basketball,Partida - Desporto,Rupp Arena,Treinador principal,Universidade de Kentucky,VerticalPhotographer Lexington Herald-LeaderCollection: Tribune News Service 2013 MCTMississippi State Bulldogs head coach Vic Schaefer talks with his team during a women's college basketball game against the Kentucky Wildcats at Rupp Arena on Thursday, January 17, 2013 in Lexington, Kentucky. Kentucky defeated Mississippi State, 100-47. (Mark Cornelison/Lexington Herald-Leader/MCT via Getty Images)


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Textured Images Help Tactile Recognition for the Blind
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[07/10/2013] The use of different materials with varied textures improves the recognition of tactile images by young blind people, researchers from the Laboratoire de psychologie et neurocognition (LPNC) (CNRS/Université Pierre Mendès France/ Savoie University) have shown. Textured Images Help Tactile Recognition for the Blind - Read more
Safe Navigation For Visually Impaired Persons
( Source: REHACARE.de )
[11/09/2013] The project "A Mobility and Navigational Aid for Visually Impaired Persons" wants to help visually impaired persons to orient themselves in new environments by means of computer-aided vision. For development of a smartphone software solution, the research group around Rainer Stiefelhagen at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) is awarded the US$ 83,000 Google Faculty Research Award.Safe Navigation For Visually Impaired Persons - Read more
Blind People Have an 'Inner Bat' to Locate Objects
( Source: REHACARE.de )
[28/06/2013] New research from the University of Southampton has shown that blind and visually impaired people have the potential to use echolocation, similar to that used by bats and dolphins, to determine the location of an object.Blind People Have an 'Inner Bat' to Locate Objects - Read more
Software Improves Facebook Accessibility for the Blind
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[18/02/2013] Researchers have developed a software package that adapts Facebook for visually impaired people.Software Improves Facebook Accessibility for the Blind - Read more
Helping Deafblind People to Communicate
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[13/02/2013] A team of researchers has designed a new device to help deafblind people to communicate.Helping Deafblind People to Communicate - Read more
An Artificial Retina Restores Normal Vision
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[17/08/2012] Two researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have deciphered a mouse's retina's neural code and coupled this information to a novel prosthetic device to restore sight to blind mice.An Artificial Retina Restores Normal Vision - Read more
Diabetes Drug Could Treat Leading Cause of Blindness
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[01/08/2012] University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) at Galveston researchers have discovered that a drug already prescribed to millions of people with diabetes could also have another important use: treating one of the world's leading causes of blindness.Diabetes Drug Could Treat Leading Cause of Blindness - Read more
Seeing without Being Able to See: "All visually impaired people need individually adapted auxiliary means"
Those who cannot see well after an accident or due to older age need different auxiliary means to lead a broadly normal life. What exactly is needed depends on the individual vision and must be adapted to the personal needs.Seeing without Being Able to See: "All visually impaired people need individually adapted auxiliary means" - Read more
First GPS for the Blind
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[25/06/2012] A new application for devices with Android operating systems, called OnTheBus, helps people find their way and move around in large cities. The application is useful especially for people with visual, hearing or cognitive impairments.First GPS for the Blind - Read more
Antioxidant Can Reduce Blindness Risk
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[18/06/2012] A study by researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital suggests that the antioxidant, rhSOD (recombinant human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase), reduces the risk of developing Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely low gestational age newborns.Antioxidant Can Reduce Blindness Risk - Read more
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|10 Nov 1981
|Filing date
|12 Oct 1979
|Priority date
|12 Oct 1979
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Wilmer L. Luedders
|Original Assignee
|The Procter & Gamble Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (144), Classifications (27)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
Acne vulgaris and othr types of acne and acneiform skin maladies associated with the hyperplasia of the sebaceous follicle are often treated by the oral administration of antibiotics. Tetracycline has been the traditional drug of choice, but other antibiotics such as erythromycin, lincomycin and clindamycin have also been prescribed for this use. While oral adminstration of these drugs is often effective in treating acne, oral therapy has several disadvantages. For example, the oral administration of antibiotics subjects the entire body to the antibiotic composition; yet, in acne, only the skin is affected. Moreover, almost all antibiotics have some undesirable side effects when taken orally.
In contrast with oral dosing in the treatment of acne, topical application of antibiotics delivers the antibiotic to the afflicted situs and minimizes the antibiotic levels in the circulatory and gastrointestinal systems. Undesirable side effects occurring from oral administration of the drug are greatly reduced, and yet, properly administered in the manner disclosed herein, the therapeutic benefits of topical application are comparable with, or superior to, those derived by oral administration.
A problem with this approach is that the effectiveness of any particular antibiotic as a topical treatment of acneiform skin diseases depends significantly upon the particular skin penetrating vehicle with which it is used.
One agent, isopropyl myristate, has been used with some success in enhancing the percutaneous penetration of erythromycin. However, isopropyl myristate has the undesirable characteristic of promoting the formation of comedones, or blackheads. Thus, it would be desirable to develop new, more dermatologically acceptable penetration enhancers for erythromycin.
Unfortunately, the field of percutaneous absorption remains highly empirical. A leader in this field, Dr. Richard B. Stoughton, has aptly summarized the problem: There are two rather distinct groups of researchers in the field of percutaneous absorption. They are probably best classified as the theoreticians and the practitioners.
The theoreticians are primarily physical chemists who establish strict mathematical relationships of penetration based on general theory and observations of simple membrane structures. In general, they try to avoid working with human or animal skin because these perverse models generally fail to substantiate their predicitons based on simpler systems and theoretical models.
The practitioners have to admit to their studies being more an art than a science but they have the responsibility (and the great advantage) of working with a live, functioning model. Without detailed knowledge of higher mathematics or physical chemistry, these practitioners are best described as belonging to the "apply and observe" school. (Dr. R. B. Stoughton, J. Invest. Derm., 63 (4):305-305 (1974)).
This invention relates to erythromycin-containing compositions which have been empirically determined to cause erythromycin to penetrate skin when applied topically.
French Pat. No. 2,383,667, S. Desjonqueres, bearing the legend "Date de la mise a la disposition du public de la demande . . . B.O.P.I.-"Listes" n. 41 du 13-10-1978" describes topical erythromycin compositions in which rapid penetration of the antibiotic into the sebaceous follicles is achieved. The excipient base include alkyl esters of fatty acids such as lauric, linoleic, myristic and oleic acids.
Compositions for topical treatment of acne are known. Smith, U.S. Pat. No. 3,952,099, issued Apr. 20, 1976, discloses compositions for treating acne lesions by topical application of tetracycline antibiotics in a skin penetration vehicle comprising sucrose monooleate, decyl methyl sulfoxide and alcohol.
Stoughton, U.S. Pat. No. 3,969,516, issued July 13, 1976, and Arch. Dermatol., 84 182 (1976), discloses a method for topically treating acne by applying formulations containing various antibiotics in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The data presented are said to indicate that tetracycline in a pyrrolidone-based penetrating vehicle does not effectively control the inflammatory lesion of acne. In addition to tetracycline, compositions of erythromycin, erythromycin derivatives and clindamycin in the same vehicle were studied. The combination of erythromycin and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone gave results which were assertedly better than tetracycline in the same vehicle, whereas the antibiotic lincomycin gave superior results in controlling the inflamed lesions.
This invention relates to antibiotic compositions especially adapted for the treatment of skin disorders and dermatoses of bacterial origin, including Acne vulgaris and other acneiform skin diseases (hereafter "acne"). The compositions herein comprise a safe and effective amount of erythromycin and/or compounds of erythromycin and a pharmaceutically acceptable penetrating carrier. A method for treating acne and bacterial dermatoses comprises the topical application of compositions of the foregoing type to the afflicted situs of the skin of a human or lower animal in need of such treatment.
By "afflicted situs" is meant the area of the skin which is inflamed, the acne comedones, papules, pustules, and cysts (acne lesions) and the skin immediately surrounding this area.
By "antibiotic agent" is meant erythromycin base and derivatives of erythromycin. These antibiotic agents can be used alone or in combination in the present compositions.
By "pharmaceutically acceptable" and "dermatologically acceptable" is meant that the ingredients are suitable for use in contact with the skin and tissues of humans and lower animals without any untoward physiological response, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
By "safe and effective amount" is meant an amount which is effective to alleviate the inflammation and the lesions of the dermatological condition and yet cause no undesirable side effects (at a reasonable benefit/risk ratio). For topical application, a dose range of antibiotic composition of from about 0.1 mg/cm2 pre day to about 25 mg/cm2 per day is effective. The dosage can vary from patient to patient, depending on such factors as the severity of the disease, the frequency of application, the area of the body which is afflicted, and the particular erythromycin compound being applied.
By "topical application" is meant directly spreading or laying on epidermal tissue. The application can be made by rubbing, by using medicated pads, or by any other convenient means
By "erythromycin" is meant erythromycin base produced by the strain of Streptomyces erythreus. The term includes both erythromycin base and/or its hydrated crystals. By the term "derivatives of erythromycin" is meant the salts between erythromycin base and acids, as well as the ester derivatives of erythromycin. Non-limiting examples of derivatives of erythromycin include: erythromycin estolate, which is the lauryl sulfate salt of the propionic acid ester of erythromycin; erythromycin glucoheptonate, which is the glucoheptonic acid salt of erythromycin; erythromycin lactobionate, which is prepared from erythromycin base and lactobiono- -lactone; erythromycin stearate, which includes both the stearic acid salt of erythromycin and the stearic acid ester of erythromycin; and erythromycin ethyl succinate, which is the ester of erythromycin and ethyl succinic acid.
The "penetrating carriers" are more fully described hereinafter.
By "penetration-enhancing amount" of the penetrating carriers described herein is meant an amount sufficient to deliver clinically effective amounts of erythromycin or a derivative of erythromycin through intact skin within 18 hours. Penetration enhancing amounts of the penetration enhancers disclosed herein can be determined by the skin penetration testing techniques described hereinafter.
By "skin disorders and dermatoses of bacterial origin" is meant both primary infectious (pyrogenic) processes, and secondary cutaneous manifestations of infection elsewhere in the body. Among the primary pyodermas are included impetigo, such as impetigo contagiosa and impetigo bullosa; deep and superficial folliculitis, including follicular impetigo, sycosis barbae, pyoderma faciale and folliculitis decalvans; furuncles and carbuncles; paronychial infections; ecthyma; erysipelas; cellulitis; lymphangitis; and erythrasma. Typical secondary bacterial infections include those caused by burns, eczematous dermatitis, including exfoliative erythrodermas; chronic ulcers; dermatophytosis; traumatic lesions; and vesicular or bullous eruptions such as varicella and pemphigus. Other distinctive clinical dermatologic entities include secondary folliculitis such as acne conglobata or hidradenitis suppurativa; infectious eczematoid dermatitis; intertrigo; pilonidal and sebaceous cysts; infectious gangrene; and necrotizing ulcers. Unusual cutaneous infections include cutaneous diphtheria; listeriosis; bartonellosis; and animal-born diseases.
A more detailed description of the diagnosis and antibiotic therapy of the foregoing and related diseases can be found in Dermatology in General Medicine, Fizpatrick, et al., eds., pages 1679 et seq. (1971), the disclosures of which are fully incorporated herein by reference.
"Lauryl alcohol" is 1-dodecanol. It is insoluble in water and soluble in alcohol and ether.
"Diisopropyl sebacate" is the 2-propyl diester of decanedioic acid. It is slightly soluble in water, and freely soluble in alcohols, esters and ketones.
"Dibutyl sebacate" is the n-butyl diester of decanedioic acid.
"Dioctyl adipate" is employed herein to refer to both the n-octyl and the 2-ethyl-hexyl diesters of hexanedioic acid.
"Propylene glycol dipelargonate" is the n-nonanoic acid diester of 1,2-propanediol.
"Ethyl laurate" is the ethyl ester of n-dodecanoic acid.
"Butyl laurate" is the n-butyl ester of n-dodecanoic acid.
"Ethyl myristate" is the ethyl ester of n-tetradecanoic acid.
"Butyl myristate" is the butyl ester of n-tetradecanoic acid.
"Isopropyl palmitate" is the 2-propyl ester of n-hexadecanoic acid. It is used as an emollient and emulsifier in lotions, creams, and similar cosmetic products. "Isopropyl isostearate" is the coined name for the 2-propyl esters of various isomers, primarily of the methylbranched series, of C18 saturated fatty acids of the formula C17 H35 COOH.
"2-ethyl-hexyl pelargonate" is the 2-ethyl-hexyl ester of n-nonanoic acid.
"Butyl benzoate" is the butyl ester of benzoic acid. Similarly, "benzyl benzoate" is the benzyl ester of benzoic acid, and "benzyl salicylate" is the benzyl ester of orthohydroxybenzoic acid. "Dibutyl phthalate" is the butyl diester of ortho-benzenedicarboxylic acid.
"Oleyl alcohol" is cis-9-octadecen-1-ol. It is the unsaturated alcohol derived from oleic acid.
"Diethyl sebacate" is the ethyl diester of decanedioic acid.
"Dioctyl sebacate" is the 2-ethyl-hexyl diester of decanedioic acid.
"Dioctyl azelate" is the 2-ethyl-hexyl diester of nonanedioic acid.
"Hexyl laurate" is the hexyl ester of dodecanoic acid.
"Ethyl caprate" is the ethyl ester of decanoic acid.
"Butyl stearate" is the butyl ester of octadecanoic acid.
All of the foregoing are known compounds; all are articles of commerce, available commercially from a variety of sources in laboratory and/or industrial quantities.
By "comprising" is meant that various other compatible ingredients may be present in the compositions in such a proportion as will not adversely affect the stability and penetrating effectiveness of the basic composition. The term "comprising" thus encompasses and includes the more restrictive terms "consisting" and "consisting essentially of" within its scope.
All percentages are by weight, unless otherwise specified herein.
The compositions of the present invention comprise (1) a minor proportion of an antibiotic agent selected from the group consisting of erythromycin and derivatives of erythromycin; and (2) a major proportion of pharmaceutically-acceptable penetrating carrier, comprising: (a) a penetration-enhancing amount of a penetration enhancer which comprises a member selected from the group consisting of lauryl alcohol, diisopropyl sebacate, oleyl alcohol, diethyl sebacate, dioctyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, hexyl laurate, ethyl caprate, butyl stearate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl adipate, propylene glycol dipelargonate, ethyl laurate, butyl laurate, ethyl myristate, butyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl isostearate, 2-ethyl-hexyl pelargonate, butyl benzoate, benzyl benzoate, benzyl salicylate, and dibutyl phthalate, and mixtures thereof; and (b) the balance comprising a dermatologically acceptable alcohol.
In general, the penetration enhancers are effective in concentrations of from about 20% to about 80%, and above. Preferably, the compositions will contain sufficient penetration enhancer to promote penetration of the erythromycin, and sufficient dematologically acceptable alcohol to provide a conveniently usable and esthetically acceptable liquid, lotion, gel, or the like. Thus, the compositions of the present invention preferably contain from about 30% to about 60% of the penetration enhancer, most preferably about 30%, and from about 40% to about 70% of the alcohol.
Of course, optional ingredients may be added, including pigments and perfumes to provide cosmetic acceptability, emollients, humectants, and natural oils to provide skin conditioning benefits, and thickening, gelling, and film forming agents such as carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycols, carbomers, and "Carbosets™."Preservatives, such as the "parabens" (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl esters of parahydroxybenzoic acid), and benzyl alcohol can be used to provide protection against contamination by fungi and non-susceptible bacteria.
The foregoing compositions preferably comprise from about 0.1% to about 10% of the antibiotic agent, more preferably from about 2% to about 5% erythromycin. Most preferable, from the standpoint of efficacy, stability, and safety, is a concentration of erythromycin or erythromycin derivative which provides about 4% erythromycin base equivalent.
Preferred antibiotic agents are erythromycin base and organic ester derivatives of erythromycin, especially erythromycin ethyl succinate. Also preferred are erythromycin derivatives selected from the group consisting of erythromycin propionate, erythromycin estolate, and erythromycin stearate. Selection of an antibiotic agent from among erythromycin and derivatives of erythromycin will depend in many cases on the solubility of erythromycin or the erythromycin derivatives in the particular penetrating vehicle being used. In some cases, limited solubility of the antibiotic agent in the vehicle selected will determine the maximum concentration of antibiotic that can be used.
Among the penetrating carrier materials, diisopropyl sebacate is especially preferred because of its known safety and compatibility in compositions for topical application to skin. An especially preferred composition containing diisopropyl sebacate comprises (1) about 4% erythromycin; (2) about 30% diisopropyl sebacate; and (3) about 66% ethanol.
Dermatologically acceptable alcohols can be selected from the simple short-chain alcohols and the toxicologically safe polyols. Examples include ethanol, isopropanol, propylene glycol, and glycerol. Especially prefered is a member selected from the group consisting of ethanol, isopropanol, and mixtures thereof. While the examples herein employ absolute ethanol, it is to be understood that both absolute (100%) and 95% ethanol are acceptable for the practice of this invention. Denatured ethanol can be used so long as the denaturant is toxicologically acceptable and does not affect the stability of the antibiotic or its efficacy, or the penetrating characteristics of the vehicle.
Water can be present in the compositions of this invention without deleteriously affecting the penetration of the antibiotic agent. However, the presence of substantial amounts of water causes erythromycin and erythromycin derivatives to become unstable on prolonged storage. Thus, the preferred compositions of this invention are substantially water-free or contain less than about 5% water. In light of this, the preferred compositions which contain ethanol as a dermatologically acceptable alcohol will employ absolute ethanol.
When the compositions of the present invention are used in the treatment of skin disorders and dermatoses of bacterial origin, the amount of composition topically applied and treatment regimen will vary, depending upon the particular disease being treated and the susceptibility of the causative organisms to erythromycin antibiotics, the patient, the severity of the disease state, and like factors which must be considered by the attending physician.
When the compositions of this invention are used in the topical treatment of acne, the preferred treatment will comprise applying a safe and effective amount of the composition to the afflicted situs on the skin. An effective dosage is about 0.1 mg/cm2 to about 25 mg/cm2 of the antibiotic composition per day. It is preferred to cleanse the skin prior to treatment, and any soap or detergent composition suitable for washing the skin can be employed. The treatment is more effective if topical applications are made 2 to 4 times per day.
The problems encountered in the topical administration of antibiotics have been the stability of the drug in the carrier or vehicle and the development of a carrier vehicle allows the drug to penetrate the skin, thus facilitating the delivery of the antibiotic. The selection of the appropriate carrier for an antibiotic agent is critical. Not all delivery systems and penetrating aids will facilitate the diffusion of a given antibiotic agent through the skin barrier. The penetrating carrier must be compatible with the antibiotic; it must be non toxic; and the formulation must be stable.
In order to determine the best penetrating carriers for erythromycin and derivatives of erythromycin, a diffusion study was carried out using the skin of hairless mice. Briefly, the study employed mouse skin which was placed in a vertical position between a lower, capped, diffusion cell and an upper, open cell. A normal saline solution was added to the lower diffusion cell, abutting the subcutaneous side of the mouse skin, and the test composition comprising a solution of the antibiotic agent and the penetrating carrier was added to the diffusion cell abutting the epidermal side of the mouse skin. A small glass bead was added to the lower diffusion cell to provide mixing.
This cell assembly was kept in a constant-temperature room at about 31� C. The diffusion time used for the test was about 18 hours.
At the end of this time period, each diffusion cell assembly was opened and the diffusate from the cell abutting the subcutaneous side of the skin was filtered by expressing the liquid through a disposal filter attached to a plastic disposable syringe. This diffusate was then submitted for microbiological agar diffusion assay done in accordance with the procedure described at 21 C.F.R. 436.105. This test provides a measure of the passage of active erythromycin antibiotic through the skin.
Table 1 lists a representative number of penetrating carriers and other tested materials and their activity, as micrograms erythromycin which penetrated through the mouse skin, per milliliter (mcg/ml) of diffusate.
TABLE 1______________________________________ Penetration-Test Material Hrs. mcg./ml.______________________________________Propylene glycol dipelargonate 18 248Polyoxypropylene 15 stearyl ether 18 95*Standamul HE™(Polyol fatty acid ester) 18 0*Propylene glycol 18 0*Benzyl alcohol 18 0*Carbowax™ 400 18 0*Octyl alcohol 18 132*1,2-Butanediol 18 0*2,3-Butanediol 18 0*1,3-Butanediol 18 0*POE ester of oleyl alcohol 18 121*Phenethyl alcohol 18 0*Oleyl alcohol 18 197Cyclohexanol 18 0*2-Phenoxyethanol 18 0*Lauryl alcohol 18 254Dioctyl adipate 18 234Diethyl adipate 18 0*Dicapryl adipate 18 235Diisopropyl adipate 18 103*Diisopropyl sebacate 18 268Dibutyl sebacate 18 207Diethyl sebacate 18 158Dimethyl sebacate 18 91*Dioctyl sebacate 18 181Dibenzyl sebacate 18 132*Diethyl suberate 18 0*Dibutyl suberate 18 36*Dioctyl azelate 18 180Dibutyl azelate 18 86*Dimethyl azelate 18 64*Dibutyl succinate 18 73*Diethyl succinate 18 0*Dibutyl phthalate 18 227Dimethyl phthalate 18 0*Didecyl phthalate 18 55*Ethyl myristate 18 296Butyl myristate 18 243Isopropyl palmitate 18 285Ethyl laurate 18 243Decyl oleate 18 126*2-ethyl-hexyl pelargonate 18 228Isopropyl isostearate 18 204Butyl laurate 18 214Benzyl benzoate 18 230Butyl benzoate 7 177Ethyl benzoate 18 0*Benzyl 2-acetoxy benzoate 18 0*Hexyl laurate 18 201Ethyl caprate 18 236Ethyl caprylate 18 162Ethyl caproate 18 66*Butyl stearate 18 198Benzyl salicylate 18 236Ethyl salicylate 18 131*20% Benzyl benzoate + 20% Ethyl laurate 18 25310% Benzyl salicylate +40% Ethyl laurate 18 26940% Dibutyl sebacate +10% Benzyl salicylate 18 241______________________________________ *Does not represent acceptable delivery 0* indicates that no readable zone was produced at the dilution tested.
In addition, the following materials were tested in the foregoing manner and were not found to deliver clinically effective concentrations of erythromycin.
Castor oil
Ethyl lactate
Silicone 344
Salicylic acid+isopropyl myristate
Salicylic acid+propylene glycol
Salicylic acid+dibutyl sebacate
Salicylic acid+propylene glycol dipelargonate
Solketal™+Propylene glycol dipelargonate
Propylene glycol dipelargonate+lactic acid
Propylene glycol dipelargonate+ethyl lactate
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Propylene glycol+monoolein
The following Examples illustrate the practice of this invention, without intending to be limiting thereof.
______________________________________ Ingredient Weight %______________________________________Erythromycin base 4%Ethanol 66%Diisopropyl sebacate 30%______________________________________
The above ingredients are blended mechanically to provide a fluid composition suitable for topical application to skin. In the composition of Example I, the diisopropyl sebacate markedly enhances the skin penetration of the erythromycin.
The composition of Example I is especially useful in the treatment of common acne (acne vulgaris) and similar acneiform bacterial dermatological conditions.
A person afflicted with acne lesions is treated by topically applying the composition of Example I to the afflicted areas of skin (typically the face, neck and shoulders) at a rate of 3 mg./cm2 of antibiotic composition twice a day for 6 weeks. At the end of this period, there is a substantial reduction in the number of acne lesions, and the inflammation is reduced.
Erythromycin ethylsuccinate can be substituted for the erythromycin base, in an amount which provides 4% erythromycin base equivalent, with equivalent results.
EXAMPLE II______________________________________Ingredient Weight %______________________________________Erythromycin lactobionate 10%Isopropyl alcohol 40%Ethyl laurate 50%______________________________________
The above ingredients are blended mechanically to provide a fluid composition suitable for topical application to skin. In the composition of Example II, the ethyl laurate markedly enhances the skin penetration of the erythromycin.
This composition is especially useful in the treatment of impetigo and similar dermatologic disorders caused by Staph. aureus and/or group A Streptococci, when applied topically at a rate of from about 0.1 mg/cm2 to about 25 mg./cm2 per day.
Erythromycin propionate can be substituted for the erythromycin lactobionate, in an amount which provides 10% erythromycin lactobionate equivalent, with equivalent results.
Oleyl alcohol, dibutyl sebacate, or dioctyl sebacate can be substituted for the ethyl laurate in the composition of Example II, with equivalent results.
EXAMPLE III______________________________________Ingredient Weight %______________________________________Erythromycin estolate 0.5%Ethanol 15%Isopropyl Alcohol 24.5%Dioctyl Adipate 60%______________________________________
The above ingredients are blended mechanically to provide a fluid composition suitable for topical application to skin. In the composition of Example III, the dioctyl adipate markedly enhances the skin penetration of the erythromycin.
This composition is especially useful in the treatment of folliculitis, including follicular impetigo, sycosis, barbae, pyoderma faciale, and folliculitis decalvans. The treatment regimen described in Example I is especially suitable.
When used topically in the manner disclosed herein, the topical use of erythromycin estolate offers marked advantages over the systemic administration of the same compound, in that the erythromcin estolate exerts its antibiotic action primarily at the site of topical application, with minimal systemic exposure to the drug. In so doing, the hepatotoxicity sometimes noted with systemic administration of erythromycin estolate is avoided.
Erythromycin stearate can be substituted for the erythromycin estolate, in an amount which provides equivalent to 0.5% erythromycin estolate, with equivalent results.
Dioctyl azelate, hexyl laurate, and ethyl caprate can be substituted for the dioctyl adepate of the composition of Example III, with equivalent results.
EXAMPLE IV______________________________________Ingredient Weight %______________________________________Erythromycin glucoheptonate 0.1%Ethanol 40%Ethyl cellulose 10%Dibutyl sebacate Balance______________________________________
This composition provides a creamy gel base adapted to topical application to skin via, for example, a roll-on bottle. The penetrating vehicle for the erythromycin glucoheptonate makes this composition especially suitable for the treatment of deep bacterial skin disorders such as furuncles and carbuncles.
Erythromycin laurate 0.1% can be substituted for the erythromycin glucoheptonate, with equal effect.
The composition of Example IV can be applied topically to cattle, sheep, horses and other domestic animals in the treatment of infected insect bites, mange, and other skin diseases and dermatoses of bacterial origin.
EXAMPLE V______________________________________Ingredient Weight %______________________________________Erythromycin, hydrated crystals 5%Carbopol™ 940 0.1%Triethanolamine 0.5%Propylene glycol dipelargonate 25%Flesh-tone pigment q.sEthanol bal.______________________________________
The composition is mechanically blended at low shear (to avoid excessive entrainment of air), with the triethanolamine added last, forming a gel suitable for use in the treatment of eczematous dermatitis, dermatophytosis, and ecthyma, and most common bacterial skin disorders.
Lauryl alcohol can be substituted for the propylene glycol dipelargonate, with equivalent enhancement of erythromycin penetration.
EXAMPLE VI______________________________________Ingredient Weight %______________________________________Erythromycin base 5%Isopropyl alcohol 50%Propylene glycol dipelargonate 20%Butyl laurate 25%______________________________________
The composition of Example VI is formulated as a fluid composition suitable for topical administration by simple mechanical mixing of the components.
Other blends of penetration enhancers which can be used in lieu of the propylene glycol dipelargonate-butyl laurate vehicle include 3:1 isopropyl palmitate and isopropyl isostearate, 1:1 butyl and ethyl myristate; 2:1 butyl laurate and butyl stearate; and 1:2 benzyl benzoate and benzyl salicylate. In each instance, equivalent results are obtained.
EXAMPLE VII______________________________________Ingredient Weight %______________________________________Erythromycin estolate 2%2-ethyl-hexyl pelargonate 30%Flesh-tone pigment q.s.Perfume q.s.Carboset 514™ 0.25%NaOH q.s.Isopropyl alcohol Bal.______________________________________
The formulation of Example VII is prepared by mixing the ingredients at low shear, to avoid excessive air entrainment, with the sodium hydroxide added last.
The composition of Example VII, with the appropriate pigment and perfume, provides a highly effective medicated makeup base for use in the treatment of acne.
In the composition of Example VII, butyl benzoate provides equivalent results when substituted for the 2-ethylhexyl pelargonate.
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|The Procter & Gamble Company
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|18 Aug 2009
|Foamix Ltd.
|Foamable iodine composition
|17 Dec 2002
|5 Jan 2010
|Inter American University Of Puerto Rico
|Anti-bacterial plant compositions
|20 Aug 2004
|20 Apr 2010
|Foamix, Ltd.
|Penetrating pharmaceutical foam
|9 May 2006
|27 Apr 2010
|Foamix, Ltd.
|Foamable vehicle and pharmaceutical compositions thereof
|26 Oct 2010
|Foamix Ltd.
|Oleaginous pharmaceutical and cosmetic foam
|18 Dec 2008
|8 Feb 2011
|Shantha Totada R
|Transdermal local anesthetic patch with injection port
|28 Dec 2001
|15 Feb 2011
|Inter American University Of Puerto Rico
|Anti-bacterial plant compositions
|5 Oct 2007
|6 Dec 2011
|Acrux Dds Pty Ltd.
|Dermal penetration enhancers and drug delivery systems involving the same
|26 Dec 2006
|14 Feb 2012
|Foamix Ltd.
|Oleaginous pharmaceutical and cosmetic foam
|8 Jul 2009
|21 Feb 2012
|Foamix Ltd
|Foamable iodine compositions
|13 Mar 2007
|21 Feb 2012
|Foamix Ltd.
|Foamable compositions, kits and methods for hyperhidrosis
|6 Jul 2006
|21 Feb 2012
|Foamix Ltd.
|Non-flammable insecticide composition and uses thereof
|21 Dec 2006
|14 Aug 2012
|Watson Laboratories, Inc.
|Unoccluded topical oxybutynin gel composition and methods for transdermal oxybutynin therapy
|17 Dec 2009
|20 Nov 2012
|Guthery B Eugene
|Acne vulgaris treatment regimen
|7 Jun 2010
|1 Jan 2013
|Foamix Ltd.
|Carriers, formulations, methods for formulating unstable active agents for external application and uses thereof
|29 Jan 2013
|Foamix Ltd.
|Foamable vehicle and pharmaceutical compositions thereof
|7 May 2013
|Foamix Ltd.
|Penetrating pharmaceutical foam
|11 Jul 2011
|18 Jun 2013
|Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Llc
|Testosterone gel and method of use
|11 Jul 2011
|18 Jun 2013
|Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Llc
|Testosterone gel and method of use
|5 Oct 2011
|18 Jun 2013
|Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Llc
|Testosterone gel and method of use
|28 Feb 2007
|2 Jul 2013
|Paloma Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
|Compositions and methods to treat diseases characterized by cellular proliferation and angiogenesis
|14 Jan 2008
|16 Jul 2013
|Foamix Ltd.
|Hydrophilic, non-aqueous pharmaceutical carriers and compositions and uses
|20 Feb 2012
|16 Jul 2013
|Foamix Ltd.
|Foamable compositions
|6 Apr 2005
|16 Jul 2013
|Foamix Ltd.
|Moisturizing foam containing lanolin
|5 Oct 2011
|16 Jul 2013
|Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Llc
|Testosterone gel and method of use
|12 Feb 2010
|20 Aug 2013
|Foamix Ltd.
|Pharmaceutical composition for topical application
|6 Oct 2009
|27 Aug 2013
|Foamix Ltd.
|Oil-based foamable carriers and formulations
|14 Sep 2010
|27 Aug 2013
|Foamix Ltd.
|Oleaginous pharmaceutical and cosmetic foam
|4 May 2011
|31 Dec 2013
|Foamix Ltd.
|Compositions, gels and foams with rheology modulators and uses thereof
|7 Aug 2008
|28 Jan 2014
|Foamix Ltd.
|Wax foamable vehicle and pharmaceutical compositions thereof
|23 Oct 2012
|25 Mar 2014
|B. Eugene Guthery
|Acne vulgaris treatment regimen
|11 Mar 2013
|22 Apr 2014
|Foamix Ltd.
|Oleaginous pharmaceutical and cosmetic foam
|14 Jul 2010
|29 Apr 2014
|Foamix Ltd.
|Poloxamer foamable pharmaceutical compositions with active agents and/or therapeutic cells and uses
|2 Dec 2003
|29 Apr 2014
|Roger D. Blotsky
|Mineral, nutritional, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and agricultural compositions and methods for producing the same
|6 Mar 2013
|13 May 2014
|Foamix Ltd.
|Foamable carriers
|14 Mar 2013
|20 May 2014
|Unimed Pharmaeuticals, LLC
|Testosterone gel and method of use
|4 Mar 2013
|3 Jun 2014
|Foamix Ltd.
|Penetrating pharmaceutical foam
|14 Mar 2013
|3 Jun 2014
|Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Llc
|Testosterone gel and method of use
|14 Mar 2013
|17 Jun 2014
|Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Llc
|Testosterone gel and method of use
|14 Mar 2013
|24 Jun 2014
|Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Llc
|Testosterone gel and method of use
|12 May 2010
|5 Aug 2014
|Foamix Ltd.
|Substantially non-aqueous foamable petrolatum based pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions and their uses
|29 Nov 2007
|5 Aug 2014
|Foamix Ltd.
|Compositions with modulating agents
|28 Apr 2005
|23 Sep 2014
|Foamix Ltd.
|Body cavity foams
|9 Jul 2014
|21 Oct 2014
|Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
|Topical tetracycline compositions
|1 Oct 2010
|28 Oct 2014
|Foamix Ltd.
|Topical tetracycline compositions
|7 Jun 2010
|2 Dec 2014
|Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
|Oil and liquid silicone foamable carriers and formulations
|20 Feb 2012
|2 Dec 2014
|Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
|Foamable composition and uses thereof
|10 Oct 2008
|6 Jan 2015
|Core Intellectual Properties Holdings, Llc
|Anti-glycation methods and compositions
|1 Oct 2010
|3 Feb 2015
|Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
|Surfactant-free water-free foamable compositions, breakable foams and gels and their uses
|27 Aug 2014
|31 Mar 2015
|Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
|Topical tetracycline compositions
|28 Mar 2014
|2 Jun 2015
|Core Intellectual Properties Holdings, Llc
|Mineral, nutritional, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and agricultural compositions and methods for producing the same
|7 Apr 2014
|9 Jun 2015
|Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
|Oleaginous pharmaceutical and cosmetic foam
|27 Jan 2012
|7 Jul 2015
|Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
|Non surface active agent non polymeric agent hydro-alcoholic foamable compositions, breakable foams and their uses
|3 Oct 2013
|11 Aug 2015
|Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
|Compositions with modulating agents
|25 Nov 2014
|18 Aug 2015
|Core Intellectual Properties Holdings, Llc
|Anti-glycation methods and compositions
|13 Aug 2013
|8 Sep 2015
|Besins Healthcare Inc.
|Pharmaceutical composition and method for treating hypogonadism
|15 Jul 2013
|15 Sep 2015
|Besins Healthcare Inc.
|Pharmaceutical composition and method for treating hypogonadism
|20 Aug 2003
|29 Apr 2004
|Monash University
|Topical delivery of antifungal agents
|8 Aug 2003
|20 May 2004
|Monash University
|Topical delivery of anti-alopecia agents
|20 Aug 2003
|1 Jul 2004
|Ihor Shevchuk
|Transdermal dosage form comprising an active agent and a salt and free-base form of an adverse agent
|14 Jan 2003
|15 Jul 2004
|The Government Of The United States Of America Represented By The Secretary,
|20 Jan 2004
|29 Jul 2004
|Monash University
|Dermal penetration enhancers and drug delivery systems involving same
|12 Dec 2002
|17 Feb 2005
|Mukesh Kumar
|Stable topical formulation of clarithromycin
|2 Dec 2003
|2 Jun 2005
|Blotsky Roger D.
|Mineral, nutritional, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and agricultural compositions and methods for producing the same
|30 Dec 2003
|30 Jun 2005
|Moudry Ronald J.
|Dry toner comprising encapsulated pigment, methods and uses
|28 Dec 2001
|6 Oct 2005
|Frame Anne D
|Anti-bacterial plant compositions
|7 Jul 2004
|12 Jan 2006
|Sebastiano Scarampi
|Gilsonite derived pharmaceutical delivery compositions and methods: nail applications
|21 Jun 2006
|8 Feb 2007
|Blotsky Roger D
|Powder exfoliating compositions and methods for producing the same
|31 Aug 2006
|29 Mar 2007
|Acrux Dds Pty Ltd
|Dermal penetration enhancers and drug delivery systems involving same
|8 Sep 2006
|5 Apr 2007
|Acrux Dds Pty Ltd.
|Transdermal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
|2 Jul 2009
|27 May 2010
|Roger Blotsky
|Methods and Compositions Related to Acne Treatment
|29 Nov 1984
|13 Jun 1985
|Anti-aknemittel, das benzoylperoxyd und mindestens einen sonnenfilter enthaelt
|12 Jun 1984
|27 Dec 1984
|Improved penetrating topical pharmaceutical compositions containing 1-dodecyl-azacycloheptan-2-one
|19 Jan 1996
|19 Nov 1997
|Genta Incorporated
|Unit dose skin care package
|17 Jan 2002
|15 Oct 2003
|Shiseido Company, Ltd.
|10 Jun 2003
|29 Dec 2010
|Euro-Celtique S.A.
|Disposal systems of transdermal delivery devices to prevent misuse of the active agents contained therein
|10 Jun 2003
|23 Mar 2011
|Euro-Celtique S.A.
|Disposal systems of transdermal delivery devices to prevent misuse of the active agents contained therein
|13 Jan 2000
|19 Jul 2001
|Medicis Pharmaceutical Corp
|Improved topical drug delivery composition and method
|28 Dec 2001
|24 Jul 2003
|Anne Frame
|Anti-bacterial plant compositions
|8 Feb 2007
|18 Oct 2007
|Rafael Akyuz
|Topical therapeutic delivery system
|U.S. Classification
|514/29, 514/947, 514/859
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


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I Want Braincandy!
Hiking in Michigan
Strategic Planning Process Presentation
If you'd like to see the process behind our strategic plan as presented to the Library Board of Trustees, just view this Presentation:
"Outliers" is a Great Book to Read
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The Lorax
Library Workshops Offer Help to Job Seekers
Spiff up that resume and learn sure-fire interview techniques at three workshops to help job seekers offered at the Canton Public Library.
Christina Stark, a human resources specialist, will help attendees prepare for the job market with the following programs.
Resume Development, July 16, 10:00AM-Noon. An excellent resume is a marketing document that is well written, attractive, interesting, appropriately formatted, has a professional quality, and contains no inaccurate or misleading information. Guidelines and worksheets will be provided to help you develop that marketing document. Current issues for job seekers, cover letters, and the Internet will be discussed.
Interview Strategies, July 29, 10 a.m.–noon. Getting that interview is the culmination of your job search efforts. Interviews not only include that face-to-face time with your potential employer but could include personality, knowledge, and behavioral assessments. This workshop will cover information about the types of interviews, the importance of preparation, and questions you can expect (and you should ask).
Speed Interview Practice Session, August 13, 7-9 p.m. Get real life practice answering interview questions in this round-robin style format. As a prerequisite, you must attend the Resume Development and/or Interview Strategies class.
Online registration with a valid library card is required for all programs. You may register two weeks in advance of program date at our Program Calendar. Community volunteers are needed to act as interviewers for the Speed Interview Practice Session. Call 734-397-0999 to sign up.
When: June 30 1:00-3:00PM
Animal Encounters
Program Date: July 13, 2 - 2:45 pm
Second Grade Book Discussion
Book Title: Chocolate Touch by Patrick Skene Catling
Program Date: July 14, 2 - 2:45pm
"If you like authors like Seth Godin or the Heath Brothers, you may also like..."
- Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell
- Glut by Alex Wright
- The Myth of Multitasking: how doing it all gets nothing done by Dave Cranshaw
- Reality Check: the ir
The Music Lady
Program Date: July 6, 11 - 11:45 am
First Grade Book Discussion
Book Title: Once Upon a Cool Motorcycle Dude by Kevin O'Malley
Program Date & Time: Monday, July 6, 2 - 2:45 p.m.
Tuition Goes Up, Family Incomes Go Down
Read Slob!
Peter Paul Rubens (Painter, not the Sandwich)
Teen Fantasy Suggestions
If your favorite genre is Fantasy or you are just looking for a new book to try you may also be interested in the following book list that we put together based on one of our patron's request:
- Name of the wind; the kingkiller chronicle ; day 1 / Patrick Rothfuss
- Sabriel by Garth Nix
- Foundling by D.M.
- SuperMegaAnna
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Based on the Book
Harry Potter, Chronicles of Narnia, Inkheart, Spiderwick Chronicles. Most people know that these recent movies are based on books. But Children's novels have been providing sources for movies for many years.
New Publications For Your Student
Bloody Good Reads
The current popularity of the "Twilight" series of books and movies have made the Vampire yet again a media darling. Let's face it though, the sun-sparkling, non-people eating vampires of "Twilight" were designed for a certain audience, those looking for a romance story.
If you like your vampire stories with (if you'll pardon the pun) "more bite," more moral ambiguity, and a lot less teen angst, you'll want to try Charlie Huston's series of Joe Pitt Casebooks. The Joe Pitt series takes place in a Manhattan that's been secretly divided by rival vampire gangs with different philosophical viewpoints on the world and the vampire's place in it.
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The Return of Die Hard's John McClane
In 1988 Director John McTiernan and writers Jeb Stuart and Steven E. de Souza revolutionized the action movie with "Die Hard". The film starring Bruce Willis and Alan Rickman introduced movie goers to John McClane, a charismatic New York City Cop who was different than your typical action movie hero because he was very human and had a sharp sense of humor.
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Bartenura Prosecco (NV)
|Sparkling Wines
Bartenura is a brand of Kosher wines produced in various regions of Italy such as Tuscany, Piedmont and the Veneto among others. The wines have been acclaimed for their value and quality, a popular favorite in the Kosher market. Their off-dry effervescent Moscato has been a recent crossover hit with the hip-hop market, known as "Bartenura Blue" for its blue glass bottle.– Description from Amanda Schuster
|Sparkling Wines
Very nice Prosecco. Dry and crisp with none of the cloying residual sugary softness that leads to the downfall of many good Venetian bubblies. Quite yeasty with high acidity at the finish.
History of the grape: Two schools of thought exist as to the origins of Nebbiolo (which means "little fog" either for...
History of the grape: Barbera is a native to the Piedmont, where it has been growing for centuries, and is now the fo...
History of the grape: References to a lightly sparkling wine in the Veneto date back to the 1100s, but it was much sw...
Prounounced "San-joh-vay-say," this Italian wine varietal is Tuscany's #1 red wine grape. It's the pistol of Central ...
Page 1 of 12Bartenura on Snooth
April 2015
No written review
January 2015
An absolute favorite of mine. Love it after a long day at work. Strawberries included. Read More
May 2014
This wine is DELICIOUS! It tastes like the moscato d'asti I had at Biaggi's one time, which was $9 per glass! it is semi-sparkling, which makes it all the better. Highly recommended. If you live near a Binny's and have a Binny's card, they have sales on this wine. I just bought mine today for $10. Read More
April 2014
A great little blush. Not too sweet and slightly carbonated. Great with pasta or alone. Read More
March 2014
Light, delicious, and perfectly refreshing anytime of the year. Read More
December 2013
Had this wine last night- it is now one of my favorites! Perfect smell and taste, I assure you that this one is not going to disappoint.. for any moscato lovers out there, this wine is one to most definitively add to the list of bottles to try! Read More
August 2013
No written review
July 2013
Sweet, crisp and delicious . Love it! Read More
April 2013
This is my favorite wine. It beat out Hazlitt's Red Cat wine, which had been my favorite for years. It's sweet, but it has several different fruity notes that make it interesting, rather than just tasting like glorified grape juice. It's a bit fizzy as well. Read More
January 2013
A nice sweet and light wine Read More
Oct 28, 2011
Was looking for a Kosher wine for Passover 2011 at Publix Supermarket here in SE FL. After having lived in Paris for 4+ years and having all those wonderful varietals from the South (Bandol, etc.), my preference is Rose', especially in the FL climate. Voila! I spotted Bartenura Malvasia, which also had a $1.00 off coupon to boot. I have since b...
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Unique Sound-Front Home With Great Amenities
From $299 / night
27 travelers
viewed this property in the past week
Description from the owner
Description from the owner
Bedrooms: 6/
Bathrooms: 6/
Sleeps: 16/
Type: House
Available weeks:8/15-22The Seahorse Retreat is a lovely home in a tropical setting that is perfect for family reunions or get-togethers with friends. We are in a great location with easy access to Destin, Navarre Beach, and Pensacola. The signature landscape on 1/2 acre features a palm court, infinity edge swimming pool, large in-ground spa with colored lights, and beautiful flowering plants that overlooks a private beach, dock, and the Santa Rosa Sound. (Pool, spa, dock, and beach are shared with the Palm Breeze Beach House next door which we also rent.) You'll have multiple porches outfitted with comfortable furniture to relax and marvel at ...Read more
About the owner
About the owner
Elizabeth and Tim Spaid
Elizabeth and Tim Spaid
- Response rate: 95%
- Response time: Within a day
- Calendar updated: 10 days ago
Overall rating:
Additional Location Information
The Seahorse Retreat is located on the Santa Rosa Sound on the mainland. We love our location because .... if for some reason you want to venture away from all there is to do at our tropical paradise ... it's a quick drive to Navarre Beach (about 5 miles), where you can visit Gulf beaches, rent bikes and bike or walk along the Gulf Island National Seashore (beautiful beach and no homes) for quite a ways. Easy access to Destin and Fort Walton Beach, (where there are tons of activities) but without the traffic and crowds. There are numerous restaurants and groceries in the area; however, a car is necessary.
More About This Location
Beach or lakeside relaxation, Warm winter getaways, Waterfront
Getting There
Nearest airport: Pensacola , 35 miles
Car is essential
Show rates details
Also consider
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Is your resume in need of a little disruption?
Startups are all about
making things work better.
Our resume writing service is all about doing that for your CV.
StartUpHire is the place to find jobs at Belmont startups. Review the list below of Belmont startup jobs. These Belmont, CA jobs at start-ups represent some of the most rewarding careers available. You can refine your job search for Belmont jobs by adding a job title, company name, or keyword to the search box above … or click the "Advanced Search" link for more options. Don't see the employment opportunity you're looking for? Check back soon for more startup jobs in Belmont, or sign up for an email alert (link in upper left) to receive periodic updates on new start up jobs in Belmont, CA.
The Pre-Sales Solutions Consultant at MuleSoft actively drives and manages the technology evaluation part of the sales process and is an integral member of the Sales team, working as the key technical advisor and advocate for our products. In order to be successful in this8/23/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
San Francisco, CA - Montgomery Street About the Job Nexant is currently seeking Short-Term Field Interviewers to conduct hour-long in-person interviews with participants in the Santa Clara and San Mateo Counties from June through August 2015. The topics of the interview are8/23/2015 Santa Clara, CA Save This Job
Say Media is hiring engineers who are comfortable with solving a wide range of problems across our problem domain. This position will share the responsibility of designing, developing, improving, and maintaining a next generation publishing platform for c8/23/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
PowerReviews delivers software that more than 1,000 brands and retailers utilize to collect, display, and syndicate reviews on more than 5,000 websites. An essential resource for consumers as they search and shop online and in-store, reviews drive traffic, increase sales, and8/23/2015 Millbrae, CA Save This Job
Quantcast is seeking a Campaign Analyst for our San Francisco office to ensure successful delivery of all display advertising campaign goals in conjunction with the Client Strategy and Sales teams. This is an analysis and client support role for8/23/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
Engineering - San Francisco, CA - Full Time Cloudmark, Inc. provides high performance messaging security and DNS infrastructure protection against spam, malware, phishing, and other malicious online activities. The fight against online threats is constantly evolving as we work8/23/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
Location:Redwood City, CA Department:PROD - ENTERPRISE - BUSINESS Description Reputation.com is building the next generation Enterprise Marketing Management platform allowing large enterprises with thousands of locations to monitor and respond to reviews, survey customers and8/23/2015 Redwood City, CA Save This Job
San Mateo, CA About the Job We are seeking a customer support professional to join our iEnergy software support team and move towards the next level of customer satisfaction. The successful candidate will have extensive experience providing technical support in a fast-paced8/23/2015 San Mateo, CA Save This Job
Engineer II (Chemical Energy Engineering) - San Francisco, CA San Francisco, CA - 2nd Street About the Job Nexant is seeking a chemical engineer to support its Energy & Chemicals Advisory group in the San Francisco office. The ideal candidate will be analytical and skilled in8/23/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
San Francisco, CA - 2nd Street About the Job Nexant is seeking an expert in grid modernization (primarily distribution) to join its Grid Management Consulting group. The Principal Consultant will provide consulting services to support electric utilities as they upgrade and8/23/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
San Francisco Propeller Health is a digital health company using data, design and technology to improve the management of chronic respiratory diseases like asthma and COPD. We are a growing team, co-located in the beautiful cities of Madison, Wisconsin and San Francisco,8/23/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
Company Overview Cloudmark produces high performance messaging security solutions to the world?s largest ISPs, mobile and social networks. Our customers include over 100 of the world's largest Internet service providers, including the majority of tier-1 operators in North8/23/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
Descriptions: Group introduction: VeriSilicon Multimedia Algorithms Group is designing the cutting-edge technologies for video and image processing and embedded vision system. We have a team with strong expertise working on video denoise, video encoding and decoding, Image8/23/2015 Santa Clara, CA Save This Job
Descriptions: Researches and develops intellectual property licensing opportunities. Develops marketing and licensing strategies to create and maximize revenue and annuities. Conducts intellectual property valuation, preparing and examining pricing information. Analyzes markets,8/23/2015 Santa Clara, CA Save This Job
Descriptions: Collect data from company Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. Build functioning prototypes on a wide range of company data through leveraging techniques in statistical modeling, machine learning, or data mining as well as software development. Solve complex8/23/2015 Santa Clara, CA Save This Job
Requisition ID10337BR Job TitleRF Application Engineer LocationCalifornia - LitePoint - Sunnyvale HR-CA100 Employment CategoryRegular Full Time Duties & Responsibilities Application Software development for Litepoint?s Test and measurement products for Wireless communication8/23/2015 Sunnyvale, CA Save This Job
Axioma Inc. is currently seeking a qualified professional to join our Client Support team as a full-time employee. The position will be based in our San Francisco, CA office. Candidates should have a Masters or PhD in Financial Engineering, Operations Research, Mathematics,8/23/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
Location:Redwood City, CA Department:PROD - ENTERPRISE - BUSINESS Description Reputation.com is seeking an experienced Program Manager to assist the Product team with the development of a clear and detailed plan for implementing new product features, as well as successful8/23/2015 Redwood City, CA Save This Job
Location:Redwood City, CA Department:PROD - ENTERPRISE - BUSINESS Description What we are looking for: We?re passionate about building simple and elegant products that our customers love. We?re looking for an Outbound Product Manager to help build, manage and grow our8/23/2015 Redwood City, CA Save This Job
Vormetric is looking for an experienced Windows kernel software engineer to work on challenging problems in Vormetric Data Security product. The ideal candidate has already worked on Windows File System Filter drivers, NTFS file system and understands the difficulty of building8/23/2015 San Jose, CA Save This Job


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Pope Benedict XVI
Pope Benedict XVI, born Joseph Ratzinger, is the first pontiff in 600 years to resign.
Newsday.com now uses Facebook for our comment boards. Please read our guidelines and connect your Facebook account to comment.
North Babylon vs. Smithtown West Long Island and New York City's top photos Evolution of LI cheerleaders LI notable deaths Peek inside Long Island's most lavish homes Must-see LI, NYC concerts Recent LI mug shots Recent LI fires Meet Long Island's high school mascots LI's Elite 11 football teams Meet LI's cheerleading and kickline teams Promotions, new hires and jobs on Long Island


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Calling all Gadget-istas! You've got your iPad, now choose from Spring's hottest geek chic designs and get a fabulous case for it. From luxurious exotic skin covers to bold prints and hi-tech fabrications, there is something for every tech-loving fashionista out there.
Where to Find It (Sponsored):
Whiting & Davis
Mesh & leather IPad case
Italian pebble leather IPad cover
Artist circle Ipad folio
IPad underground
DX Touch
IPad case made w/ Italian croc print brown leather
Italian calf skin IPad cover
For commercial purposes, extract supplements can be obtained from the fruit of the pericarp. Garcinia cambogia reviews is performed by a physician Chen and Oz to prove that it is an herb for weight loss, a lot of research has been done. Studies, Garcinia cambogia extract supplementation decreases the weight of the body fat accumulation, was shown to have a positive effect on prevention. We are important substances such as cholesterol (LDL), reduces the serum leptin and triglycerides. In addition, it will increase the level of serotonin and cholesterol (HDL). The study also, Garcinia cambogia extract supplements, has proven that there are no significant adverse effects on many of the eight weeks, such as its use.


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Party, Craft & School Supplies
Brainy Toys for Kids of All Ages
Your cart is currently empty.
Items remain in your shopping cart for 30 days.
1000+ items up to 60% off! Shop
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100s of Pink Ribbon items to show your support. Shop
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Complete your Halloween costume with quality shoes, boots, boot covers and sandals for the entire family.


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People make it happen. Spread the word to request a deal!
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From Our Editors
The idea of the Buddha getting in a fight might be startling, but the image that Brawling Buddha Studio represents is one where both yoga and martial arts find a home. Atop hardwood flooring, yogis stretch, twist, and pose during classes with the help of longtime yoga instructor Hayley Milks. In a padded area nearby, kids and adults learn karate, muay thai kickboxing, and brazilian jujitsu from seasoned sensei Jimmy Guerrero.
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**Experienced & Caring Staff** Living In & Serving Our Community *Rehabilitation (PT, OT & ST) *Ostomy / Wound Care *Infusion Therapy *Behavioral Health *Orthopedic / Total Joint *Cardiac Care *Diabetes Management *Alzheimer's Care
Be the first MLive.com user to add photos or videos of Regency-On-The-Lake
I just left Regency/Fort Gratiot, and for me it was a difficult experience. . I came from a Hospital and needed minimal assistance getting back on my feet. I was shocked and upset that patients were only allowed a shower twice a week. Twice a week? What the heck? My Insurance is paying this facility enough money that I ought to be entitled to a shower EVERY day, not twice a week! I also wonder...
I would never recommend a family member going to this nursing home. The care there is out of control. This company cannot keep employees; in the time my mom was there I saw 8 employee's quit do understaffing and being over worked. The employee turnover rate is incredibly high, every C.N.A that did care for us always in the worst of moods and in a panic rush. Most had none too little experience....
Regency On the Lake of Fort Gratiot, a nursing home in Fort Gratiot, MI received a 4 out of 5 overall rating from CMS of the Dept of Health and Human Services on July 19th 2013. This score means that Regency On the Lake of Fort Gratiot is rated above average overall based on health inspections, nursing home staffing and quality measures.
Rehabilitation Pt Ot & St, Ostomy/Wound Care, Orthopedic/Total Joint, Living In & Serving Our Community, Infusion Therapy, Experienced & Caring Staff, Diabetes Management, Cardiac Care, Alzheimer's Care, Short and Long Term Stays, Rehab & Long-Term Care Facility