text:
|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|2 Mar 1999
|Fecha de presentación
|17 Ene 1997
|Fecha de prioridad
|18 Dic 1996
|También publicado como
|Número de publicación
|Jean-Marc Lalancette, Hugues Menard, Regina Zamojska
|Cesionario original
|Ug Plus International Inc.
|Exportar cita
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citas de patentes (3), Citada por (19), Clasificaciones (24), Eventos legales (4)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
The present invention relates to a process for removing and recovering copper, silver and zinc from sulfide ores, more particularly, those bearing gold.
The recovery of gold and silver by the standard cyanide extraction method from either fresh ores or tailings from previous mining operations can be rendered uneconomical if the presence of base metals, such as copper or zinc, competes with gold and silver for the combination with the available cyanide. When these base metals are present in significant amounts, the cyanide consumption which will vary from 0.2 to 1.0 Kg per ton of ore for a normal cyanide extraction of gold will be raised to values that may be ten times higher, thus removing all profitability from the exploitation of low grade ores.
The base metals and silver in minerals associated with gold are very often bonded in one form or another to sulfur, arsenic or oxygen derivatives such as sulfides, arsenides, sulfates, sulfites, oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or mixed salts containing metal to sulfur or metal to oxygen bonds. This is particularly true with tailings which have been exposed to weathering over several years, the chemical entities associated with metals being then fairly complex and partly oxidized.
At the present time, it is not a common practice in the gold extraction industry to implement significant efforts in order to remove base metals and silver prior to cyanide extraction of gold. If a low cost method for base metals removal could be developed, such a preliminary step could prove useful by the reduction of cyanide cost of subsequent gold extraction and by the value of the reclaimed base metals and silver.
An object of the present invention is to provide a preliminary treatment to the starting material, either ore or tailings, in order to remove the base metals so as to avoid consumption of cyanide by these base metals.
It is a further object of the present invention to remove silver in some instances, when the silver-to-gold ratio is high on a molar basis, silver then competing adversely with gold for the complexation with the cyanide.
The invention therefore relates to the removal of base metals, such as copper or zinc, and also of silver from mineral species rich in sulfides, arsenides and oxides of said metals.
It is known that neutral water or slightly acidic water will dissolve some impurities, such as copper sulfate for example, from ores. But one readily notes that many of the metal sulfides present, such as copper sulfides or silver sulfides, are highly insoluble and will not be dissolved at all by either acid or basic washings. Since the base metals and silver compete with gold for cyanide ion by mean of their complexation capability, the leaching solvent should call upon coordinating properties similar to cyanides, namely the ability to form soluble complexes with some base metals and silver.
In spite of extremely high insolubility of some sulfides (solubility products: ZnS: 1.2×10-23 ; Ag2 S: 1.6×10-49 ; CuS: 8.5×10-45), which makes their extraction rather unexpected, it has been found that solutions of the base metals and silver could be obtained rather readily from sulfide ores of said base metals and silver by the use of sulfur derivatives of the sulfite ion, namely thiosulfate ion S2 O3 =, or the polythionates ions S2 O6 =, S3 O6 =, S4 O6 =, S5 O6 =, S6 O6 =, the presence of ammonia improving the extraction. The higher members of the polysulfide derivatives of the sulfite ion are designated as Wackenroder's acids while the first term S2 O3 = is the thiosulfate ion and the second term, S2 O6 = is the dithionic acid. Without going into limitative theoretical considerations, it is believed that the unexpected ability of this class of compounds to dissolve highly insoluble sulfides in the presence of ammonia can be related to their capacity for complexation by the availability of the electrons of the sulfur atoms added to the sulfite anion. This phenomenon can be enhanced and facilitated by the presence of another complexing agent in the solution, such as the ammonium cation NH4 +.
In practice, we have found that for the implementation of the invention, the polythiosulfate anion can be bonded to any cation, rendering it soluble and stable. The ammonium can be present as ammonium hydroxide, NH4 OH, or as an appropriate salt of ammonium. The pH of the solution can be near neutral, or basic in a range of pH going from 5 to 12.
The polythiosulfate/ammonium solution is contacted with the ore previoulsy ground to a fine particulate size and the contact is maintained for some hours, pending on the characteristics of the slurry of ores under treatment, with a certain amount of stirrings so as to prevent settling.
The recovery of gold from the ore after lixiviation can then be done by standard cyanide extraction with normal cyanide consumption.
The recovery of the dissolved metal after lixiviation can be done first by phase separation by means of filtration, followed by treatment of the liquid phase containing the metals by an appropriate technique. Electrowinning or liquid-liquid extraction turned out to be efficient ways of collecting the dissolved metals while recycling the polythiosulfate reagent for further lixiviation.
The implementation of the invention calls for the preparation of a solution of sulfurated sulfite and ammonia. This can be done by dissolving sodium thiosulfate in ammonia so as to obtain a solution containing from 0.5 to 5% by weight of Na2 S2 O3 and from 0.5 to 5% NH4 OH by weight. Sulfurated sulfite can be obtained on site by roasting pyrite so as to produce SO2, adsorbing SO2 in sodium hydroxide solution and boiling the resulting sulfite solution with elemental sulfur. By the addition of ammonia to the cooled sulfurated sulfite solution, the reagent for lixiviation is obtained. The reaction of elemental sulfur with sulfite leads to the production of thiosulfate and more heavily sulfurated entities, such as S2 O6 =, S3 O6 = and higher molecular weight polysulfites.
The lixiviation is done on an ore which has been reduced to particles in the range of 45 microns or finer, pending on the nature of the starting material. A slurry is prepared with a solid content from 10 to 35% of solids and this slurry is kept homogeneous by stirring. After an appropriate contact at near ambient temperature for eight to twelve hours, the slurry is filtered, rinsed with water and the solid cake is then ready for cyanide treatment or discarded if the leaching of metal was the sole purpose of the operation. The filtrate and rinsings are submitted to a treatment for the recovery of dissolved metals. Such a recovery can be done by electrowinning techniques or liquid-liquid extraction as practiced by those familiar with the art. The depleted solution of sulfurated sulfite/ammonia is then recycled for further lixiviation of fresh ores.
The following example illustrates the implementation of the invention with Potosi ore.
A sulfide concentrate obtained after the recovery of tin from the tailings of Potosi mines in Bolivia was refractory to gold extraction, 14 Kg/T of sodium cyanide being required to recover the gold value (about 1 g/T) in these tailings. This sulfide concentrate contained about 0.9% of copper as sulfides, 0.5% of zinc and 200 g/T of silver, equally as sulfides.
A 150 g sample of this sulfide concentrate was lixiviated by 500 ml of a solution of sodium thiosulfate (5%) and ammonia (3% NH4 OH). The slurry was stirred at room temperature for a period of 8 hours. After filtration and rinsing, the thiosulfate/ammonia solution had extracted 45% of the zinc, 90% of the copper and 94% of the silver present in the starting ore. Cyanide extraction of gold on the leached ore gave a 87% recovery of gold with 1.0 Kg NaCN per ton of leached ore.
|Patente citada
|Fecha de presentación
|Fecha de publicación
|20 Oct 1980
|18 Ene 1983
|Kerley Jr Bernard J
|Recovery of precious metals from difficult ores
|25 Jul 1980
|4 Feb 1981
|The British Petroleum Company p.l.c.
|Liquid-liquid process for extracting metals using organo-phosphorous compounds
|28 Ene 1991
|8 Ago 1991
|Davy Mckee Stockton
|Separation process
|Patente citante
|Fecha de presentación
|Fecha de publicación
|4 Abr 2000
|5 Feb 2002
|Barrick Gold Corporation
|Process for recovering gold from thiosulfate leach solutions and slurries with ion exchange resin
|17 Abr 2001
|14 Oct 2003
|The University Of British Columbia
|Gold recovery from thiosulfate leaching
|11 May 2001
|9 Dic 2003
|Placer Dome Technical Services Limited
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|27 May 2003
|27 Jun 2006
|Placer Dome Technical Services Limited
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|19 Dic 2006
|9 Jun 2009
|Placer Dome Technical Services Ltd.
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|29 Oct 2007
|14 Jul 2009
|Placer Dome Technical Services Ltd.
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|10 Nov 2006
|11 Ago 2009
|Barrick Gold Corporation
|Thiosulfate generation in situ in precious metal recovery
|30 Abr 2004
|27 Abr 2010
|Placer Dome Technical Services Limited
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|13 Nov 2003
|25 May 2010
|Placer Dome Technical Services Limited
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|7 Ene 2010
|17 Ene 2012
|Placer Dome Technical Services Limited
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|3 Feb 2011
|3 Dic 2013
|Placer Dome Technical Services Limited
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|4 Feb 2010
|2 Sep 2014
|Placer Dome Technical Services Ltd.
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|13 Ene 2014
|13 Ene 2015
|William D. Simmons
|Activated flotation circuit for processing combined oxide and sulfide ores
|15 Jun 2012
|9 Jun 2015
|Barrick Gold Corporation
|Method for recovering precious metals and copper from leach solutions
|13 Nov 2003
|17 Jun 2004
|Hackl Ralph Peter
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|30 Abr 2004
|21 Oct 2004
|Placer Dome Technical Services Limited
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|29 May 2003
|2 Dic 2004
|Morteza Baghalha
|Anoxic leaching of precious metals with thiosulfate and precious metal oxidants
|19 Dic 2006
|26 Abr 2007
|Placer Dome Technical Services Limited
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|18 May 2001
|22 Nov 2001
|Placer Dome Technical Services
|Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials
|Clasificación de EE.UU.
|205/560, 205/571, 423/29, 205/583, 205/607, 423/27, 205/584, 205/568, 423/99, 205/602, 423/109, 423/24, 205/604, 205/574
|Clasificación internacional
|Clasificación cooperativa
|Clasificación europea
|17 Ene 1997
Owner name: UG PLUS INTERNATIONALL INC., CANADA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:LA LANCETTE, JEAN-MARC;MENARD, HUGUES;ZAMOJSKA, REGNIA;REEL/FRAME:008415/0811
Effective date: 19961209
|17 Sep 2002
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|3 Mar 2003
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|29 Abr 2003
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20030302


text:
How can the Patriots find their own Kam Chancellor? - 0 Comments
First of all, everyone could use a Kam Chancellor.
And because the NFL is a copycat league, enforcers like Chancellor -- the Seahawks' 6-foot-3, 232-pound safety who plays like the modern-day Rodney Harrison -- will be on short lists this offseason after the tone setter sabotaged the Broncos' willingness to do business over the middle of the field in the Super Bowl blowout. Then again, when hasn't that been a coveted position?

subset: commoncrawl


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Emergency Information
Weather Update
October 2, 2015, 12:15 pm
The Emergency Management Team continues to monitor the track of Hurricane Joaquin. Classes will be held as normal this weekend and Monday. More Information
The College of William and Mary is committed to providing a safe and secure environment for its students, faculty, employees and visitors to learn, teach, work and enjoy our beautiful campus and all it offers.
In pursuit of that goal the College takes a comprehensive approach to protecting the College community and preparing for any emergency. Although a university campus is among the safest places you can be, we work every day to make our campus safer.
Information provided here will help you familiarize yourself with emergency planning at the College and to prepare yourself in case of an emergency.
The ability to deal with any incident depends on good communication. The College is committed to informing the community of an emergency, disaster or potential disaster immediately upon determining the nature of the emergency. It is important, however, for you to take an active role in staying informed.
Using the College's emergency notification systems, the Emergency Management Team will immediately notify the campus community of a confirmed emergency or dangerous situation that presents an immediate threat to the health or safety of the community.


text:
Town Square
Menlo College professor killed in car accident
Original post made on Dec 5, 2007
Read the full story here Web Link posted Tuesday, December 4, 2007, 5:26 PM
Comments (1)
a resident of Menlo Park: Downtown
on Dec 5, 2007 at 11:58 am
My thoughts go out to Dr. Marschall's family. May God rest her soul.
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