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Your search returned over 400 essays for "wildlife"
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The Polar Bear -
... Polar bears survive some of the coldest temperatures on Earth. They have a thick layer of fat under their skin, which is surprisingly black. They have a dense undercoat helping insulate heat. "Each hair shaft is pigment-free and transparent with a hollow core that scatters and reflects visible light, much like what happens with ice and snow"(1). Although their fur appears to be white, it is actually transparent. Insulating heat is key to surviving the artic temperatures. The bears are seen bathing in snow and water after a swim or meal, to maximize their insulation capabilities.... [tags: wildlife, animals, food chain]
:: 1 Works Cited
|1075 words
(3.1 pages)
|Strong Essays
Big Dams -
Big Dams In their decisions about using resources from rivers, governments are facing issues of land use, energy production and extraction of natural resources. Dams reveal the dilemmas that are faced while trying to meet numerous conflicting needs of humanity, and planning strategies such important projects must strive for ecologically sustianable systems that can support the earth's growing population. Introduction Recent years have seen the removal of a number of dams across the United States, while at the same time plans are being made for large hydro-electric dams in the developing world.... [tags: Nature Wildlife Papers]
:: 10 Works Cited :: 7 Sources Cited
|3489 words
(10 pages)
|Research Papers
Tropical Rain Forest Soils of La Selva -
Tropical Rain Forest Soils of La Selva Tropical rain forests across the globe are currently threatened by massive deforestation for logging, grazing, and cultivation (Otzen 1993). Such land-use practices alter temperature regimes (Fernandes and Sanford 1995) as well as ground, soil, and surface water, flora, fauna, and microorganisms (Otzen 1993). These changes may result in a loss of soil organic matter, a decrease in soil fertility (Garcia-Oliva et al. 1994, Tissen et al. 1994), severe soil erosion (Otzen 1993), and changes in soil structure and chemistry (Fernandes and Sanford 1995, Sollins et al.... [tags: Ecology Wildlife Nature Essays]
:: 15 Works Cited
|1688 words
(4.8 pages)
|Powerful Essays
How Far Does Behavioral Sink Go? -
How Far Does Behavioral Sink Go. If you ask any American what behavioral sink is, they more than likely won't be able to define the term. It seems that everyone has become subject to this mysterious term, in once sense or another. Behavioral Sink, as described by the author, Tom Wolfe in the excerpt "O Rotten Gotham" from "A Forest of Voices", is the study of how animals relate to their environment. In one of Wolfe's studies he speaks of this behavioral sink in New York City. He talks about how overcrowding causes this.... [tags: Animals Environmental Wildlife Essays]
:: 1 Works Cited
|1119 words
(3.2 pages)
|FREE Essays
Wetlands -
Wetlands A clear and widely accepted definition of a wetland has yet to be established. Wetlands are of various types and function, and occur in diverse locations, and climates which in part make them difficult to define. Many definitions of a wetland have been posed by different groups and individuals, some of the definitions include: "An area of land that has hydric soil and hydrophytic vegetation, typically flooded for part of the year, and forming a transition zone between aquatic and terrestrial systems (Brady and Weil, 1999)." A wetland is an ecosystem that depends on constant or recurrent, shallow inundation or saturation at or near the surface of the substrate (soil).... [tags: Nature Wildlife Essays]
:: 6 Works Cited :: 1 Sources Cited
|1993 words
(5.7 pages)
|Term Papers
Are Zoos Necessary -
Are Zoos Necessary As a child I can remember when I misbehaved the absolute worst punishment my parents could inflict: I would be banished to my bedroom, the length of time depending on the seriousness of the "crime." It seemed that every possible want and desire I had while being punished was related to an activity just outside the confines of that bedroom. The hours seemed like days and the time spent "locked" in my room was unbearable. When I look back on those "torturous" days of my childhood, I can't believe what the big deal was.... [tags: Animals Wildlife Papers]
:: 3 Works Cited :: 5 Sources Cited
|3336 words
(9.5 pages)
|Term Papers
Lake Powell -
Lake Powell The beauty of Northern Arizona and Southern Utah has been seen by the many who live here, and many others who come to visit. One of the central pieces of this beauty is man made product called Lake Powell. This lake was created in the 1950's with the building of the Glen Canyon Dam. Glen Canyon then filled with water, making what is now a body of water that supplies power to 22 million people, and recreation which brings in over 500 million dollars per year. (Wilke) There are four reasons for this dam: the regulation of water flow to the Colorado River, supplying power to residents of the southwest, area water usage programs, and water sports recreation.... [tags: Nature Wildlife Ecology Essays]
:: 6 Works Cited :: 3 Sources Cited
|1318 words
(3.8 pages)
|FREE Essays
Opinions of Radical Environmentalism -
Opinions of Radical Environmentalism The two articles I am going to look at are Radical Environmentalists vs. the Beavers by Jack Alan Brown Jr. and Environmentalists are Mean Green Joes by F.R. Duplantier. Radical Environmentalism is now a common term in our vocabulary. When you here the term what do you think about. I think about all the things that the environmentalists talk about and all the ideas brought to the table, good and bad. In the two articles I read they are both on the same subject of Environmental issues.... [tags: Environmental Beavers Wildlife Essays]
:: 2 Sources Cited
|876 words
(2.5 pages)
|FREE Essays
Deforestation -
Deforestation "The burning of Central America" is the first of these articles and appears in Essentials of World Regional Geography, the textbook of Geography 240. This article was originally published in a magazine. This is the only article with a picture included. The picture is of the Brazilian rain forest burning and hacked to splinters after a slash and burn operation. The article tries to stay in a neutral scientific stance , however it is obvious that the article is against deforestation.... [tags: Nature Wildlife Essays]
:: 3 Works Cited :: 2 Sources Cited
|3074 words
(8.8 pages)
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|Kill the Wolves - Kill the Wolves Bang. A shot rings out in the forest. "Another one down. That's five this week." In the early 1900s there were predator extermination teams that were paid for every wolf, mountain lion, and bear they brought dead to the ranger station. Why were these stopped. "It's those damn tree-huggers again." Reintroducing Wolves into the southwest is the biggest mistake the government has made in several years. Farmers and ranchers suffer some of the most losses from wolves out of anyone in our society.... [tags: Wolved Wildlife Animals Essays]
|633 words
(1.8 pages)
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Oil Spill Recovery -
Oil Spill Recovery Can you imagine a world where clean water does not exist anymore. Can you imagine going to your kitchen and seeing black water instead of clear coming out of the faucet. Would you still go to the park if the rivers, lakes, and oceans would turn the color of oil and pollution. Would you still take your kids to see the fish and other living species if they were no longer living and floating belly up. How much would you pay to get the clean rivers, lakes, and oceans back. How much would it cost to get the living organisms living again in the rivers, lakes, and oceans.... [tags: Energy Environmental Wildlife Essays]
:: 5 Works Cited :: 5 Sources Cited
|2487 words
(7.1 pages)
|Research Papers
Platypus Envenomation -
Platypus Envenomation Abstract The duck-billed platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus), order Monotrema, can be found throughout river systems in eastern Australia. The males have a retractable spur located on each of their hind legs. The spurs are attached to venom glands that produce a toxic cocktail of at least four different classes of peptides. These four compounds (Hyaluronidase, OvCNP-39, OvNGF, and defensin-like peptides) are highly selective enzymes and polypeptides that work together to inflict excruciating pain and edema that can last for months.... [tags: Australian Animals Wildlife Essays]
:: 13 Works Cited :: 4 Sources Cited
|3020 words
(8.6 pages)
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Asexual and Sexual Reproduction in Soft Corals -
Asexual and Sexual Reproduction in Soft Corals The battle between sexual and asexual reproduction is a competition that has been ongoing for millions of years. Somewhere along the way due to its higher level of genetic variation, sexual reproduction was able to overcome the two fold advantage of asexual reproduction, and now dominates reproduction in organisms. However, some types of organisms such as worms and corals have acquired the ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually.... [tags: Reproduce Nature Wildlife Essays]
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|3155 words
(9 pages)
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The Biology of the Venom of Hapalochlaena Maculosa -
The Biology of the Venom of Hapalochlaena maculosa Hapalochlaena maculosa, commonly known as the blue-ringed octopus, is a golf ball-sized cephalopod inhabiting the waters around Tasmania and southeastern Australia with a highly potent neurotoxin that it uses as a predatory and defensive mechanism. H. maculosa does not actually synthesize its venom, but rather, the neurotoxin (known as maculotoxin) is produced by a bacterial symbiont of the octopus that lives in its salivary glands. While not overly aggressive, H.... [tags: Poisonous Australia Wildlife Essays]
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|3072 words
(8.8 pages)
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Monotreme Reproductive Biology and Behavior -
Monotreme Reproductive Biology and Behavior Monotremes are mammals that are oviparous, or egg-laying. There are only 3 extant species of monotremes: the playtpus and two species of echidna. Their reproductive systems are highly specialized to facilitate both the production of eggs and milk. The male tract is quite simple. The female tract has qualities similar to those of birds, though female echidnas also possess pouches. The monotreme egg is also very specialized and somewhat similar to a reptile egg.... [tags: Mammals Wildlife Essays]
:: 10 Works Cited
|2594 words
(7.4 pages)
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Saving Giant Pandas -
Saving Giant Pandas Giant Pandas are one of most well known and loved endangered species. Researchers are working hard to raise the number of pandas living. At one time, researchers believed that there were only about 600 pandas remaining. Today the number is believed to be closer to 1000. Many efforts have taken place to save the giant pandas, however, researchers are still scared that the giant panda may become part of our history. This baby panda was born in captivity. In China there are approximately 33 reserves and research centers were pandas are breed.... [tags: Panda Bears Preservation Wildlife Essays]
:: 4 Sources Cited
|1906 words
(5.4 pages)
|Term Papers
The Annual Cycle of Eudyptula Minor, Its Phases and Major Effects -
The Annual Cycle of Eudyptula Minor, Its Phases and Major Effects Abstract The Eudyptula minor, the smallest member of the penguin family, is an indigenous species of Australia, located on the southeastern coast. Little penguins follow an annual energetics cycle. The Little penguins go through periods of fasting which occur while incubating and molting. During the rest of the year, E. minor forage for numerous fish types. Foraging behavior relies on the aerobic diving limit as well as the amount of sunlight present.... [tags: Penugins Animals Wildlife Essays Expository]
:: 13 Works Cited
|3213 words
(9.2 pages)
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Harbor Seals -
Harbor Seals Harbor seals are marine mammals that have spotted coats in a variety of shades from silver gray, black to dark brown. They reach 5 to 6 feet in length and weigh up to 300 pounds. Harbor seals are dimorphic, with the male being slightly larger than the female. They are true, or crawling seals, which means they have no external earflaps. True seals also have small flippers, and move on land by flopping along on their bellies. They breathe at the surface and hold their breath while diving.... [tags: Animals Sea Wildlife Descriptive Essays]
:: 2 Works Cited :: 2 Sources Cited
|1664 words
(4.8 pages)
|Powerful Essays
|The Downy Woodpecker - The Downy Woodpecker Habitat Downies take home in the United States and southern Canada. They have been recorded at elevations of up to 9,000 feet. The downies are not deep-forested birds, preferring deciduous trees. Open woodlands, river groves, orchards, swamps, farmland, and suburban backyards are all favorite haunts of the downy. Downies will also nest in city parks. About the only place you won't find them is deserts. The most attractive human dwelling sites are woodlands broken up by logged patches in a waterside area.... [tags: Woodpeckers Birds Animals Wildlife Essays]
|3719 words
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|Galapagos Island Diversity - There are many different kinds of life forms that makeup the Galapagos Islands spread throughout its sixteen main islands and six smaller islands. The Galapagos Islands have many different life forms that make up three different categories which include; birds, marine life, and land dwellers. "In 1987 UNESCO recognized the islands as a world heritage site, and in 1985 a biosphere reserve. This was later extended in December 2001 to include the marine reserve". (Wikipedia, 2007) Some of the more rare land dwellers include giant tortoises, marine iguanas, and lava lizards.... [tags: Wildlife Diversity Nature Ecology Biosphere]
|1435 words
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|FREE Essays
The Coral Reefs -
The Coral Reefs Can we save "Tropical Rain Forests of the Ocean". Anyone who's ever scuba dived at a coral reef and seen the perfect handprint of dead coral can appreciate how fragile and delicate this ecosystem is. Coral reefs are not just rock, like some people believe, but are an animal. Corals are a type of animal called a polyp, the simplest of predators that eat meat in the form of drifting zooplankton…all corals have boarders, zillions of microscopic, one-celled plants called zooxanthellae that live inside the polyps and transform sunlight into oxygen, keeping the corals alive.... [tags: Sea Ocean Nature Wildlife Environmental Essays]
:: 4 Works Cited :: 1 Sources Cited
|1550 words
(4.4 pages)
|Powerful Essays
Cloning -
Cloning Abstract The question to clone or not to clone is currently center stage of scientific debate. Since the birth of Dolly, the sheep, in 1997 the controversial question of cloning has been paramount throughout the entire globe. The question is no longer whether it can be done, but whether is should be done and to what extent. We have already cloned goats, mice, monkeys, cattle, and pigs (Cloning fact sheet). Scientists are now trying to get approval to clone humans or at least parts of them (Eccleston, CNN).... [tags: Clone Science Nature Wildlife Conservation Essays]
:: 2 Works Cited :: 3 Sources Cited
|1300 words
(3.7 pages)
|Strong Essays
Wild Life Trafficking -
Trafficking is a form of smuggling that has a long history throughout the world. Just like any trade, the forms of trafficking differ as to what is needed in the market. Examples of trafficking and smugglings include: drugs, weapons, alcohol, tobacco, women, children and all forms of wildlife (animals and plants). Wildlife trafficking is a serious threat to the environment. Animals, for example, are usually stolen from their natural habitat and sold in the black markets for large sums of money. Removing animals and/or plants from their natural habitat affects the ecosystem, ruins the food chain and risks driving those animals and plants towards extinction (FREELAND,2010).... [tags: Environmental Issues]
:: 3 Works Cited
|930 words
(2.7 pages)
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The Many Benefits of Hunting -
When a Minnesota dentist killed a prized African lion named "Cecil" he received an onslaught of criticism and reignited the debate concerning hunting. Those who oppose hunting often have no understanding of the many benefits provided by hunting. Hunting provides free census animal data, as well as money to sustain clean rivers and forests and to manage wildlife populations. Animals are treated more humanely by a hunter's bullet than by a slaughterhouse's blade. There are two categories of hunters, the poachers and the traditionalists.... [tags: Hunting Debate]
:: 4 Works Cited
|1265 words
(3.6 pages)
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A Career as a Zoologist -
... Many also use lab skills while giving demonstrations ("Occupational Outlook Handbook: Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists"). All over the world, scientists have researched the biology of organisms, and their findings have greatly influenced the general zoology that is used today. Philosophers, like Aristotle, began the first basic research of biology that led to zoology being classified as a type of science ("Zoology"). Many well-known zoologists, however, have come from the United States. Thomas Say, who was sometimes referred to as "The father of American entomology," and Joseph Leidy, one of the first paleo zoologists, were two of the most influential zoologists in the United States during their lifetimes ("Zoology").... [tags: Zoology]
:: 5 Works Cited
|1550 words
(4.4 pages)
|Unrated Essays
Animals endangered -
... It happens from human activities such as the industry and commercial operations may reduce the main sources for all who live in the earth water or air, some animals has left their home land such as dolphin. Until the seas are polluted they have to change their place or they will die also for some kind of whales. The numbers of whale are counted. "In the age of technology there is constant access to vast amounts of information. The basket overflows; people get overwhelmed; the eye of the storm is not so much what goes on in the world, it is the confusion of how to think, feel, digest, and react to what goes on.... [tags: environment, pollution, habitat loss]
:: 4 Works Cited
|922 words
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oil drilling in alaska wilderness -
Oil Drilling in the Alaskan Wildlife Refuges America Should Reject the Oil Businesses Plan and Permanently Protect The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, comprising more than nineteen million acres in the northern corner of Alaska, is unique and one of the largest units of the National Wildlife system. The Arctic Refuge has long been recognized as an unparalleled place of natural beauty and ecological importance.... [tags: essays research papers fc]
:: 5 Sources Cited
|2454 words
(7 pages)
|Powerful Essays
The Effect of Pesticide Runoffs on the Everglades -
The Everglades used to be a very beautiful tourist attraction, but have been largely affected by the existence of pesticides. However, the majority of pesticides is not specifically targeting the pest only but they also affect non-target plants and animals during their application. The Effect of pesticide runoffs on the Everglades is destroying one Florida's major tourist attractions due to the cultivation of sugar cane just to mention one of those responsible and creates a loss of natural habitat, water pollution, and threatens existence of wildlife.... [tags: Environment ]
:: 4 Works Cited
|967 words
(2.8 pages)
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Deforestation in Illinois: Problems and Description -
The effects of deforestation around my home and throughout my state are becoming more evident every day. When a deer or other wild game loses its home, they move into cities, urban areas, and parks; thus causing issues with the human population. Most people living in Illinois have hit or nearly killed a deer driving on Southern Illinois roadways. This common occurrence could be kept at bay or maybe even avoided if the deer and wild game had more space to reside. There are many points that coincide with this reality but the main issues are the small subtle ones that affect everyday life and are often overlooked.... [tags: Deforestation Essays]
:: 3 Works Cited
|1603 words
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Big Game Hunting Should Be Allowed -
Since the European colonization of eastern Africa, big game hunting, also know as "trophy hunting", has been a very controversial topic. During the early days of trophy hunting, dwindling numbers of some of the world's most unique and prized wildlife was not a problem like it is today. When a trophy hunting dentist from Minnesota paid $55,000 to kill a prized African lion, he unintentionally reignited the heated debate concerning big game hunting. Wildlife conservationists and hunters debate the impact of hunting on the economy and the environment.... [tags: Lion Hunting in Africa]
:: 6 Works Cited
|1994 words
(5.7 pages)
|Powerful Essays
Pollution Essay: Forests Counter-Act Global Warming -
An important ecosystem service provided by forests is the ability to counter-act the effects of global warming. Carbon dioxide, a contributing factor to global warming, is taken up by the plants and vegetation contained in forests through photosynthesis and the resulting carbon is stored in both living and dead plant biomass. This process, known as carbon sequestration, greatly reduces the potential for global climate change (IPCC 2001). Forest cover also affects the albedo, that is, the proportion of incident solar radiation that is reflected by the earths surface.... [tags: Environment, Climate Change]
:: 4 Works Cited
|381 words
(1.1 pages)
|FREE Essays
The Case for the Redistribution of Ecotourism Gains in Kenya. -
The Case for the Redistribution of Ecotourism Gains in Kenya. Introduction Ecotourism, also known as "responsible tourism", is defined as "responsible travel to natural areas, which conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people" . Ecotourism has become the fastest growing sub-sector of the tourist industry: in the Third World, it is growing at a rate of 6% per year . Bordering the Indian Ocean and located in Eastern Africa, Kenya reaps substantial benefits from ecotourism activities.... [tags: Essays Papers]
:: 11 Sources Cited
|3542 words
(10.1 pages)
|Term Papers
Subdivisions and American Agriculture -
Subdivisions and American Agriculture Across Wyoming and the West, you can see miles and miles of undeveloped land. However, in the next 100 years will that be true. This once-frontier land has had massive growths in population. For retired people, the West and Midwest are becoming more attractive due to the cheap land that is less populated. Subdivisions are moving farther and farther out into the country. From 1990 to 1995, the counties in the Rocky Mountain region increased three times faster than the rest of the United States (Theobald, Miller, and Hobbs 26).... [tags: Geography USA Essays Papers]
:: 4 Sources Cited
|1050 words
(3 pages)
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|Alaska Drillings - Alaska Drillings Drilling for oil in Alaska's Arctic Wildlife refuge will not solve our nation's energy crisis, but it will destroy one of the worlds most unique animal habitats. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge would satisfy only six months' worth of the nation's oil needs while oil drilling would "destroy" a wilderness that is home to the 150,000 animals of the Porcupine animal group. Our nations natural refuges should not be turned to destruction when a solution to a problem can be found else where.... [tags: essays papers]
|415 words
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|The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill - On April 20, 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil rig, located in the Gulf of Mexico exploded killing 11 workers and injuring 17. The oil rig sank a day-and-a-half later. The spill was referred to as the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, BP oil spill, Gulf of Mexico oil spill, and BP oil disaster. It was first said that little oil had actually leaked into the ocean but a little over a month later the estimate was 12,000-19,000 barrels of crude oil being leaked per day. Many attempts were made to stop the leak but all failed until they capped the leak on July 15, 2010, and on September 19 the federal government declared the well "effectively dead." In the three months that it took to finally put a stop the leak, 4.9 million barrels of oil were released into the ocean.... [tags: Deepwater Horizon Oil Rig, Gulf of Mexico]
|1202 words
(3.4 pages)
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Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change in Australia -
... Because of those sources that produce greenhouse gases, the greenhouse gases have impact the climate change to wildlife and natural system in Australia. 2.2 Impact of climate change to wildlife in Australia (a) Raising temperature: Raising temperature will cause some extreme climatic events such as heat, drought and dry. This causes many of widespread areas of habitat and wildlife are losing on the Alpine heating in 2003years and the breeding seasons is negatively impacted. The results of the climatic events such as higher temperatures will affect all habitats are presents on mountains are moving upwards, it will cause the loss of suitable habitat.... [tags: Global Warming Essays]
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|1203 words
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|Why I Became an Educator - I have always tutored and assisted others in math and science, but about eight years ago while pursuing my master's degree in Wildlife Biology, I took a couple of classes that changed my life. These classes (natural resource interpretation and environmental education) opened my eyes to the fact that I wanted to become an educator. I loved my education classes and discussed with my major advisor the fact that I wanted to become involved in education. As an extension specialist, my advisor was very involved in education and community outreach and he could help me to further my pursuit of education as a career.... [tags: teaching]
|515 words
(1.5 pages)
|Unrated Essays
Firearms Pros and Cons -
... Devastatingly most of these deaths are caused by a playmate or friend (Carol Runyan). All other youth gun violence is concentrated around gangs. In 1994 and 1997 a Minneapolis study showed that two-thirds of youth murders were gang related. Most of these deaths were not drug related but based on long term gang feuds. Juvenile homicides count for five hundred and forty-three percent of all homicides. At least four hundred and eighteen percent of those homicides are committed by handguns (Anthony Braga).... [tags: Firearms, legalization, homicides]
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|903 words
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|Hunting Helps the Environment - It is early in the morning; the majestic Elk bugles in the distance. The sun is kissing the tops of the peaks with the most beautiful gold, and painting the clouds rose red. The men and women who enjoy the outdoors whether it is hunting or just hiking help make these types of moments possible. Hunting and the ecosystem is tied closely to conservation of land and animals. The articles of "Hunting and the ecosystem" written by the South Dakota Game Fish and Parks Department (SDGFP), and "Facts and statistics on wildlife conservation" written by Roger Holmes, director of the Fish and Wildlife, touch on how hunting is important in the environment to keep a good balance in the ecosystem.... [tags: Argumentative Persuasive Papers]
|913 words
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Why Some Animals Become Endangered Species -
... An enormous parf of mass extinction is the loss of the animals` natural habitat. The highest rates of deforestation began on the 1990`s at a striking 16 million hectares a year. Commercial deforestation in the amazon rainforest seriosly reduced the population of many species and led to extinction of others. Commercial and Industrial operations may pollute animals`s environment, The baiji, a fresh water dolphin species lived in a major river that became very polluted, it has been declared funcioally extinct, meaning that it is unlikely the population can recover.... [tags: gazela subgutturosa, global warming]
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|The Horrible State of the Rivers in the Countryside - Dear Whoever, I am writing to you as I am disgusted at the state of the rivers in the countryside, I am sure you are unaware of these issues as no action has been taken to try to solve this problem Here are a few cases of the very many rivers which have suffered: Site - River Kennet Problem Low flows caused by Water Company licensed abstractions. Taking water could lead to the river drying up, killing wildlife such as Water Crowfoot and the Desmoulin Whorl Snail.... [tags: Water Pollution UK]
|774 words
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For the Benefit of Many -
For the Benefit of Many It was a cool crisp October night and a family was on their way home from a high school football game. The children were in the back seat playing quietly and the parents were having a pleasant conversation about the game. Suddenly the brakes squealed and the car skidded to an abrupt stop. What was this problem that just about caused an accident and could it have been avoided. This type of incident happens all over the United States and sometimes has a fatal ending. Deer are the cause of this problem and wildlife conservation is a way to help prevent future accidents.... [tags: Article Analysis ]
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|1489 words
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|Unrated Essays
Gulf Oil Crisis -
On April 10, 2011, an oilrig in the Gulf of Mexico exploded. This explosion killed 11 crewmembers and caused the rig to sink to the bottom of the ocean. This caused an estimated 180-185 million gallons of oil to flow into the gulf. It wasn't until July 15, 2010 until the oil was contained and stopped flowing. The Gulf was virtually covered in crude oil. There were many effects from this spill and many of them were environmental. Animals had to swim through this oil and birds that landed in it were no longer able to fly because of the heavy oil on their wings.... [tags: Oil]
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|992 words
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To Drill or Not to Drill: There Is No Question -
"Clean water is not limitless; it needs to be protected" and natural gas drilling jeopardizes our clean water. Developing our energy resources can not come at the expense of our environmental resources – our water, our land, and our ecosystems. Therefore as a resident of Pennsylvania I do take a stand against natural gas drilling hoping to protect our environment resources and wildlife. Over the past few years natural gas drilling in Pennsylvania has become a popular topic of controversy. The reason this topic is so controversial to a Pennsylvania resident is because of the impact it has on our environment.... [tags: Environmental Issues, Water Pollution]
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|964 words
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Light Pollution -
There is a growing menace in today's society known as light pollution. Light pollution is essentially excessive light from outside lighting fixtures that is misused and causes several negative effects. This increasing and perplexing issue is often magnified by industrialization and urban development which often neglects to consider the momentous problems light pollution causes. Despite serious efforts to minimize light pollution, "…light pollution rises about 6% every year" (Parks 30). One should know what light pollution entails, the adverse effects and costs of light pollution, ways it can be minimized, and how to appeal to the general public to help alleviate the problem.... [tags: Environment ]
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|1717 words
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Importance of Mangrove Ecosystem -
What is the Mangrove Ecosystem. Mangroves are found in tropical and sub-tropical areas which located at intertidal areas and estuary mouths between land and sea. There are consists a group of plant growing in shallow and muddy salt water or brackish waters. The specific regions where the plants occur are called "mangrove ecosystem". Mangroves provide critical habitat for a diverse marine and terrestrial flora and fauna. The continuous interruption of physiological and morphological stresses, salinity effect, aeration and onslaught of wave action in long term period are causes of the ecosystem highly fragile (source?).... [tags: Ecology ]
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|2143 words
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The Benefits of Hunting and Trapping -
... Take deer for example, when deer begin to over populate, diseases start to form and spread. The deer can get anything from blue tongue to rumen fluke. Once these outbreaks begin, they can be hard to stop. It can leave a huge impact on not just one species but many. If one species gets sick with something, it can have a domino effect. An example would be if rabbits got a harmful disease and then a coyote or fox ate the rabbit and the disease spread to them. Now another species has the disease and could be affected by it.... [tags: animal kingdom, hunting, trapping]
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|2330 words
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|Powerful Essays
Endangered Species Act of 1973 -
... This new distinction was labeled "threatened" (93 H. Rpt. 412). It also permitted the protection of species that were endangered or threatened in any "significant portion of their range," as opposed to the previous laws that only included animals threatened with worldwide extinction. Hearings on the bill stated the need for the states to adopt legislation and regulation that may be equal to or more restrictive than federal regulation. During hearings, it also became clear that there was a need to also protect plants, which were previously unprotected, and regulate them differently than animals.... [tags: global warming, NMFS, USFWS]
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|1665 words
(4.8 pages)
|Powerful Essays
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The Scaled Quail -
The scaled quail (Callipepla squamata) is a ground dwelling bird. The scaled quail is also called the blue quail or cotton top. The scaled quail make their habitat in desert grassland and shrub lands. The quail weigh 6 oz and are 9 to 13 inches tall. Scaled quail feed on seeds, leaves and insects. Scaled quail are found in southwestern portion of the United States and Northern Mexico. The quail are swift on prefer to run than fly.the scale quail gets is name by the scale A female quail could hatch ten to fourteen chicks.... [tags: Conservation]
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|Investigation of South Africa - Investigation of South Africa South Africa is located in the southern part of Africa. It takes up a very large part of the African continent. [IMAGE] It is to the south of the world, it is on the southern parts of the equator and above the Antarctic. It is to the south of the U.K. [IMAGE] The South African landscape =========================== There are many landscapes in South Africa. There are desert, forest, bush land, High Mountain and sub tropical. Each region in South Africa has different landscapes.... [tags: Papers]
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|Grizzly Bear Management in British Columbia - Grizzly Bear Management in British Columbia Grizzly bears in British Columbia represent many things to different people. To a large percentage of the population, they represent all that is still wild about our province, a link to the past before humans came and logged much of the forests, put roads over the mountains, and dammed the rivers. This view of grizzly bears as somewhat of a 'flagship' species is reflected in the naming by environmental groups of the large wilderness area of the Central Coast as the Great Bear Rainforest.... [tags: Papers]
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|conifers - While I was in Woodland Cemetery, some organisms that I noticed there were conifer trees. Such as the White Pine (Strobus pinus), Junipers (Juniperus), Doughlasfir (Pseudotsuga taxifolia), Hemlocks (Tsuga), Norway Spruce (Picea), White Cedar (Thuja), and Birch trees (Betula) The white Pine tree can be detected by looking at its pine needles. Its needles only come in a bundle of five. Pine needles are consumed by some species of grouse and by several browsers. The white pine tree is also valuable as cover for wildlife.... [tags: essays research papers]
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|Personal Environmental Ethics - There are some people who believe that the United States' strictly forced endangered species laws seriously hamper our economy. I on the other hand must disagree. The endangered species laws were created for an important reason: to protect our earth's biological diversity. Whenever humanity interferes with the ecosystem for the purpose of economic growth it tears it apart piece by piece. It is for reasons like these we must have such tough laws, as in the Endangered Species Act. The fact of the matter is that a problem still exists today.... [tags: essays research papers]
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|A Fable for Tomorrow by Carson - A Fable for Tomorrow by Carson How does the Author of the following extracts use language to convey changes and contrasts in mood and meaning. The title of the chapter "A Fable for Tomorrow" gives the impression that the novel is a log of events and a tale of what might be in the future if present practises and the use of pesticides were allowed to continue.... [tags: Papers]
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BP Oil Spill Crisis -
BP Oil Spill Crisis The Deepwater Horizon was a nine year old, ultra-deepwater, dynamically positioned, semi-submersible, offshore drilling rig built in South Korea. In 2008, British Petroleum (BP) leased it from Transocean to drill for oil in the Gulf Coast. In September 2009, the rig drilled the deepest oil well in history at a depth of 35,055-feet. On April 20, 2010 while drilling the rig exploded at 9:45PM (CST), killing eleven workers and injuring seventeen others. It was caused when methane gas from the well shot all the way up and out of the drill column, expanded onto the platform then ignited and exploded.... [tags: Natural Disaster ]
:: 8 Works Cited
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Restoring the Everglades National Park -
The Everglades national park is one of the largest American national parks that cover 1,506,539 acres of saw grass marshes, tropical hardwood hammocks, pine rock lands, mangrove forests, fresh water lakes, saltwater and fresh water marshes. The Everglades is home to many rare, threatened and endangered species. According to (UNESCO World Heritage Convention, 2011) "These include the Florida panther, snail kite, alligator, crocodile, and manatee." The Everglades is also home to many different species of birds and reptiles.... [tags: Ecology ]
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Effects of Strip Mining on Appalachian Environment -
Coal mining, in particular, strip mining has become the latest casualty of the growing green movement in the United States. What is coal mining. The Encyclopedia Britannica defines strip mining as the removal of vegetation, soil, and rock above a layer of coal, followed by the removal of the coal (strip). Most Americans don't realize the impact this fossil fuel has on their everyday lives or the nation's economy. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the mining industry directly employs some fifty thousand Americans with nearly half that number working in the more specific field of strip mining, or mountain top removal mining (Average).... [tags: Environment ]
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Effects of Strip Mining on the Appalachian Environment -
Coal mining, in particular, strip mining has become the latest casualty of the growing green movement in the United States. What is strip mining. Encyclopædia Britannica Online defines strip mining as the removal of vegetation, soil, and rock above a layer of coal, followed by the removal of the coal itself ("strip"). Most Americans don't realize the impact this material of biological origin that can be used as a source of energy ("fossil"), or fossil fuel, has on their everyday lives or the nation's economy.... [tags: Environment ]
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Non-Profit Organization Analysis -
There used to be a time when zoos used to be full of animals. A time when extinction was not a problem. That was the past. Today, zoos all around the world are missing many animals such as the African elephant or the dodo bird. All of these wonderful animals became extinct because we were careless enough to let them all die. World Wildlife Fund (WWF) is an organization that is trying to prevent extinction from happening. WWF is an environmental organization dedicated to "protecting the world's wildlife and wetlands" ("World Wildlife Fund").... [tags: Business Analysis ]
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The Diversity of Louisiana Welcomes Visitors -
A land full of weeping willows, saucy jazz music, and a blend of cultures welcomes the visitor to Louisiana. As a state that was originally settled by the French and Spanish, Louisiana is one of the most diverse states in the United States. With a well deserved reputation for great food and great music, a vacation to Louisiana will be one that travelers will remember for decades to come. Louisiana's Historical Attractions One of the state's finest attractions that history lovers will enjoy is the Louisiana State Museum in Shreveport.... [tags: Travel, Culture]
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To Save or Not To Save - That Is the Question -
When you look at a bald eagle, you see how powerful and majestic this bird is, which is how many people feel about the United States; that's why the bald eagle is our national emblem on our Great Seal. It would be a dishonor to our Nation to have such a worldwide-recognized symbol of The United States extinct, but in fact that's exactly what almost happened. To help the bald eagle regain it's numbers, on December 28, 1973, President Richard M. Nixon signed The Endangered Species Act. "The law established procedures for conserving plants and animals in danger of extinction and those that are threatened, or likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future (Cooper, "Endangered Species Act" 855).... [tags: Conservation ]
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The Environmental Impact of Water Reservoirs -
[A water reservoir is a human-made lake that is created when a river is dammed to serve one or more purposes, such as to generate hydropower production, provide a water supply for drinking, irrigation, and flood protection] (www.eea.europa.eu). The effects of water reservoirs on the environment have stirred controversy since their introduction. Though water reservoirs can create many sought out improvements for a society it can detrimentally impact natural habitats and spawn a number of environmental complications.... [tags: Environmental Impact of Dams]
:: 8 Sources Cited
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|Environmental Concerns - The future existence of all living and nonliving things found here on planet earth are dependent on how the environment is treated as a whole. As human beings, we have our own wants and needs, as well as our own hopes and dreams for the future. Our wants, needs, and dreams drive our actions and affect the ways in which we treat and interact with the environment around us. We have undoubtedly made countless accomplishments by using resources from the environment around us, yet we often fail to consider the possible consequences of our accomplishments.... [tags: Consequences, Drilling, Resources]
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Endangered/Extinct Species -
... How does the government go about containing and/removing the toads humanely. How will things be handled if children or adults die from the toxins released by the toads. This is what Australia is facing now while a task force works to come up with solutions. (Department of Environment, 2011) Giant pandas are known all around the world for being an endangered species spokesperson, so to speak. Native to China, Burma, and Vietnam, there are approximately 1600 left in the wild today. Captive breeding and species protection, through organizations such as World Wildlife Fund, is helping this species to remain in the world.... [tags: ecology, ecosystem, environment, extinction]
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The Sad Fate of Our Old Growth Forests -
The Sad Fate of Our Old Growth Forests The Pacific Northwest houses magnificent old-growth forests -- thousands of years old. Poker straight and virtually blemish free, 200 to 250-foot Sequoia, Redwood, and Douglas trees rise from the forest floor and choke the mountainsides with one of the world's most precious natural resources, wood. This substance we call wood caters to all needs of living creatures. While people rely on harvested wood for shelter, furniture, and heat, wildlife depends on both living and dead wood to produce food, shelter, and cover from predators as a means of survival.... [tags: Environmental Problems, Environment Pollution]
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The Many Benefits of Hunting -
When a Minnesota dentist killed a prized African lion named "Cecil" he received an onslaught of criticism and reignited the debate concerning hunting. I hunt. I have hunted for years and I don't see anything wrong with it. The reasons I hunt are for the meat, I think it tastes better than store-bought meat and it doesn't have any additives in it, and for the time I get to spend out in the mountains. However, there are some people who are against hunting. The deer and elk population is growing at an alarming rate.... [tags: Argumentative Persuasive Topics]
:: 5 Sources Cited
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(2.7 pages)
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|Why You Should Not Feed Wild Animals - I remember being a little boy crying as I watched a zoo monkey eat my chocolate ice cream bar. Animal natural instincts are designed for their own survival, which means fulfilling their basic needs, including food and water. They will do anything it takes to get food, learning and adapting from each new experience. US Geological Survey wants to make it very clear to prohibit any feeding of wildlife. I wish to quickly cover three points why you should not feed wild animals. One, feeding wildlife disrupts natural cycles, creating dependencies.... [tags: Earth Science]
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(1.5 pages)
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|The Arctic Costal Plain Domestic Energy Security Act of 2001 - The Arctic Costal Plain Domestic Energy Security Act of 2001 There are many bills that are passed though the House of Representatives everyday. There are many government agencies and interests groups that are behind the bills that either support them or are against them. The bill I have chosen is the Arctic Costal Plain Domestic Energy Security Act of 2001. At this time and place I believe this bill is one of the most important bills that needs to be passed. Congress has found the nation's domestic oil and gas production is in a substantial decline and our dependence on foreign counties is unreliable.... [tags: Papers]
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Global Water Pollution: Causes, Impacts, and Solutions -
Water pollution has become a huge problem in many countries all over the world. It is known that water is a very significant factor in life, but if this water becomes contaminated, it will be very dangerous for the humanity and wildlife. Pollution is defined as ' to make fetid or unclear and dirty' (American College Dictionary). So, water pollution means the change in the water composition to be dirty or unclear. This essay will examine the causes of water pollution, the effect of that issue in life and how to overcome this problem.... [tags: Environment, Environmental Issues]
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Environment Essay: Say No To Species Reintroduction -
Debating Species Reintroduction Species reintroduction has become a hotly debated topic, especially in the states experiencing actual reintroduction efforts. The reintroduction of the lynx into Colorado appeals to many who would like to return the area to it's pristine, pre-developed state. However, the actual costs, both financial and emotional, make this program impractical and illogical. In 1979, researchers decided to investigate the number of lynx still remaining in Colorado (Lynx release).... [tags: Environmental Pollution Preservation]
:: 4 Works Cited
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(3.6 pages)
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Drilling Alaska: America Needs to Adopt Conservation Practices! -
Drilling Alaska I recently read an article in Scientific American (May 2001) titled "the arctic oil & wildlife refuge." The article addresses the issue of whether or not science has the ability to clarify the potential economic benefits and the ecological risks of drilling into the nation's last great coastal wilderness preserve. What I began to wonder after reading the article is, if we humans should continue our scientific and technological petroleum endeavors even though we are causing irreversible harm to our earth.... [tags: Argumentative Persuasive Environment Essays]
:: 1 Sources Cited
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(4.7 pages)
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It's Time to Reform the Endangered Species Act -
It's Time to Reform the Endangered Species Act In 1973, Congress passed the Endangered Species Act. The Act was passed in response to findings by Congress that growth and development were responsible for the extinction of species of fish, wildlife and plants. This Act was to provide programs to protect species identified as either endangered or threatened. It also mandated Federal agencies and departments to protect endangered and threatened species in their own operations, as well as work with State and local agencies to further promote conservation and protection of identified species.... [tags: Argumentative Persuasive Argument]
:: 5 Sources Cited
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America's Endangered Species Act -
America's Endangered Species Act Save the Bald Eagles. Save the whales. Save the Mountain Lions. Such were the environmentalists rallying cries that brought about the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Although, the first official endangered species legislation was a 1966 bill that called for saving U.S. wildlife, but lacked the powers to do so. The Endangered Species Act(ESA) of 1973 set forth the basic rules that apply in the U.S. today. Two agencies, the Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service, are responsible for reviewing the status of species in trouble to see if they warrant listing as either threatened or endangered.... [tags: Politics Environment Environmental Essays]
:: 9 Works Cited :: 1 Sources Cited
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(7.8 pages)
|Term Papers
|Great Lakes Directional Drilling - Around the mitten shaped state of Michigan, five gigantic lakes encompass the coast. Providing a spot for vacationers, fisherman, and much wildlife, the Great Lakes are the pride and joy of Michigan. The history of the lakes stretches back thousands of years, where glaciers carved the lakes out of bedrock. These lakes provided a surplus of food and access to easy travel for settlers hundreds of years ago. People around the Great Lakes area appreciate the diversity of wildlife, scenery, and rarity of such landmarks.... [tags: essays research papers]
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|Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism in the Lake District - Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism in the Lake District In the Lake District tourism is very important and has a significant impact on the local economy. But there is concern about the Lake District and how much more development it can take from the tourism industry. The Lake District remained relatively untouched until the 19th century when railways allowed the large urban population of Northwest England to visit the National Park. Tourism and trade rose in the 1940's and it was realised that the park would need some special protection to protect it against the dangers of becoming to built up and loosing its natural attraction and appeal.... [tags: Papers]
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(7.3 pages)
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|The Management of Tourism at Hengistbury Head - The Management of Tourism at Hengistbury Head Introduction ============ Hengistbury Head is a headland situated in Dorset, owned by Bournemouth Borough Council and managed by the Parks and Recreation Department. Hengistbury Head is a popular recreational area managing more than one million visitors a year. The honeypot site is an Ancient Monument, a site of Special Scientific Interest and a Local Nature Reserve. It's popularity has meant a deterioration in the quality of the environment because of damage visitors have caused and disturbance to the wildlife habitats.... [tags: Papers]
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(3.7 pages)
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|Evaluating the Impact of Tourism in England - Tourist Count During our visit to Ashridge Estate, we carried a tourist count on two honey pot locations known as Bridgewater Monument and Ivinghoe Beacon. 1 out of the 4 groups that visited Ashridge carried out the tourist count as we did not want to hassle the tourists. A member from the group stood at an area in both locations and took a count of the amount of teenagers, adults, OAP's, family groups and children there were. The information was then tallied onto a table. From this, we will compare the results collected to previous years (2004-2005).... [tags: UK, Britain]
|1983 words
(5.7 pages)
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If you want something better than a change hotel this is the place, great unique hotel and close to everything. each room offers different things and the thai restaurant down the block is wonderfulA great town and an enjoyable place to stay
We stayed at the Lancaster Arts Hotel for an overnight stay. I thought the room was very welcoming,inviting, and a good size. I loved the old brick walls and the wood floor. The room was very clean. I really liked the bathroom. Nice vanity area to store your stuff. There was some mold on the shower tiles. I have come to expect some level of mold in the bath area, though this was not excessive. I had read other reviews where they mentioned the thin walls. I do agree with that comment. Our stay was on a weeknight and excessive noise was not an issue, though we did hear the shower running from the room next door. The bed was a little soft for my taste. The room does have a wine fridge, which I have little use for. If I stayed longer, I would have requested a mini fridge.
This was our first visit to Lancaster as we came up for a family reunion. The room was spacious { you could have fit three New York City rooms in it] and very clean. I like the features that it had two sitting areas,windows that open[ I have sinus problems]and a very comfortable bed. I did not have to use my own pillow that I always take with me.The artwork and the special lightning added a nice touch.One review stated that the hotel was too far from the city attractions.but I disagree. I am 80 years old and had no difficulty walking to the downtown areas and later to the college which was in the opposite direction.I could not hear the trains from my room but wonder why the engines had to running when not being used.It seemed like a waste of fuel. The breakfast buffet was better than most European types that I have had in the past.I like the city and will stay at the Arts Hotel when I do.
This is a very quiet, clean and friendly hotel. The area is sort of dreary (its right across from the freight train tracks) but it is located close to town and very close to F&M college. They were very accommodating as far as early check in and late check outs. It has a very artsy feel. The rooms were very comfortable. The on sight gym is very small and limited but they do give you a free pass to the YMCA across the street.
My husband and I love the Lancaster are and wanted to take a quick trip for some relaxation. I wanted to stay someplace we've never stayed and came across Lancaster Arts Hotel during my internet search. I saw the hotal and read the reviews and decided to give it a try. I must admit, I was nervous but thought, it's only one night so we'll try it. I am so glad we did. We both enjoyed everything about the hotel. The artsy decor is really cool. The room was clean and the bed was very comfortable. The hvac system was really quite, you can't tell it's even on. We did not want to leave the room. Returning to the room after a day of shopping and finding our bed turned down, a rose and chocolates on the pillow was a great way to end the evening. Love it, love it, love it! Already planning a return trip. thanks Lancaster Arts Hotel. Oh, the staff are also great!
I spent a week in Lancaster, PA and Lititz, PA for work. While here in town, I stayed in the Lancaster Arts Hotel. It's a nice hotel with a great history with rooms that are very accommodating. Beds were comfy and the showers were HOT. The free wifi was not great but it was free. The best hotel bar I've sat at in a long time. The bartender pours heavy and the drinks are cheap. The bar staff was friendly and helpful. The restaurants and shopping in the area were quite good as well.
I loved with the outside of this building (a renovated tobacco warehouse) immediately, and the inside is even more exceptional. Better still, it's a very good hotel!Pros:** This historic building has been renovated to perfection. The inside is cool and artsy ( but not wild/outre in any way!) but also comfortable and inviting.** The rooms are a nice size with good, modern (but still cozy) furniture, a comfortable bed, fine closet space, a new tv, a small refrigerator and a well appointed (big shower!) bathroom. The rooms are a little dark (because of the building's location) but the lighting is plentiful and there are lots of plugs for computer, iPad etc.** I checked in several hours early and my room was not only ready, but they had my specific requirements (foam pillows/feather free duvet) in place already!** Free (and fast!) internet and free parking!** In an up and coming neighborhood (a 10 minute walk from the center of town) which has a lot of very interesting building (including renovated row houses) and new stores and restaurants. I also liked the fact that his hotel is not smack in the middle of the Central Market tourist frenzy location.** Free continental breakfast with multiple and good choices (although they really should add some fresh fruit).Cons: ** It's shocking that such a stellar renovation of a building didn't include better soundproofing! You really can hear footsteps above you, and more annoyingly tv (if your neighbor has it on) and voices. This was not a particular problem for me on this trip since my neighbors were relatively quiet, but it would be a big problem if next to a room full of noisy folks.** The room was quite clean, but the window blinds could have used a better dusting, and there were a couple of places where the paint on the walls could have used a little touch up. The room rate for a very large Queen in early January (2013) was an extremely reasonable ($179 plus tax). I'm guessing the rates go up in the summer but this hotel is so distinctive and pleasing that it's worth considering even at an in-season rate.When booking ask for the non-railroad side of the hotel (less outside noise). Also, if you are don't like walking, this may be slightly too far out of town for you (it's just 1/2 mile or so), unless you want to drive your car into town (incurring a parking expense). Even if you choose not to book at this hotel it's well worth a visit to see the building's superb renovation.
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subset: commoncrawl


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The Truckload Carriers Association's Weight-Loss Showdown competition is now well into its 7th week, and results from the end of week 6 showed Springfield, Mo.-based, heavily owner-operator-focused carrier Prime Inc.'s personnel holding a relatively strong lead for the fourth week running, but with System Transport moving up a spot to second and gaining ground. Below find TCA's graphic showing the full week 6 results, based on the percentage of total weight shed over the weeks. And ...Read More
I received the note below just now from the folks at Schneider National. Luckily, none of the company's personnel at their Dallas-area facility were injured or killed when yesterday's tornadoes tore through, as has been reported elsewhere -- and buildings on the property sustained no damage; personnel are back to work to day picking up the pieces, though -- many trucks and trailers in the yard sustained damage, as we've reported. I thought I'd share ...Read More
I first came across Xtra Lease's wonderfully comprehensive annual size and weight guide back in late 2010, when covering the grand opening of the company's new Nashville terminal location, following the flooding that made its old location on the banks of the Cumberland River a wreck. The guide is a great resource, not only for size and weight regs. Take a look at the page images posted below for the kind of detail that's available ...Read More
Need a 340-ton boulder moved? Call the heavy haulers at Emmert International. If you've gotten your copy of the April issue of Overdrive, or read it online in the digital edition, you've likely made note of one monster coke drum hauls the folks at Emmert spent four years planning -- and nearly eight months conducting. As we were putting the Severe Service section of the April issue to press, the Oregon-based Emmert was in the news ...Read More
If Mark Longstroth, writing in the Western Farm Press last week, is right, early Spring growth over much of the U.S. East and Midwest has bee haulers in overdrive trying to keep up with demand for hives to pollinate fruit trees in groves far and wide. "Most of the bees that pollinate Michigan fruit crops either overwintered in Florida or just finished pollinating almonds in California," Longstroth wrote. "One problem is trucking. Most of the truckers ...Read More
Hensley Inc.-leased owner-operator Jeff Zehrer (pictured), with a Great Dane dry van and Freightliner tractor and a unique line of tool-box systems for owner-operators you may well recall me writing about here back in January, has added yet another patent-pending storage system to the repertoire of his growing Cubby Buddy side business. The business and Zehrer were profiled this month in Truckers News, just in time for the release of the new "Raising the Bar" system for ...Read More
Now that the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration has begun to reach its long regulatory arm into your daily dress, drivers are sounding off in record numbers. "This is just taking it too far," said owner-operator Bob Mandible of Blue Gill, Ohio, of the new red shirt requirement, joining the fast-growing chorus. "The agency has produced no evidence proving I will be less safe if I just wear my standard brown Dickies work shirt rather than ...Read More
Over the transom today in Overdrive's Nashville bureau here, as my office is often known among the editors in Alabama, came this letter. So much for sharing the road! Dear editor,I am so sick of 18-wheelers. They are always in the way. Who needs them? I sure don't. They never seem to do the speed limit. They cause far too many problems. They go through town in the right lane we need to use to get ...Read More
We didn't realize the Michelin mascot was such an avid consumer of owner-operator news and views before this photo was sent in. In any case, kudos for reading, MM. But too bad he didn't get to pick up the latest, April edition, just out and available in a digital edition via http://dmtmag.com/current/overdrive. There's a great feature there by James Jaillet -- the skinny on engine reprogramming tools and their ability to optimize engine dynamics for power ...Read More
Just what is that motorcycle doing in front of Two Rivers, Wis.-based owner-operator Bryan Dax's custom 1990 Diamond Reo "Red Giant?" When I visited with Dax this past week (you may recall his rig from my coverage of the Nashville Chrome & Class show last year) at the tail end of my tour through Minnesota and Wisconsin doing some reporting, his son-in-law, Brian Wingrove, showed up on the newly rebuilt bike, a 2009 Harley-Davidson Rocker C custom-airbrushed ...Read More


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Professional Mobile || Web Solutions
China - Tests: 7
❤ Best Result + Short Timeline = Client's Satisfication ❤ My strong skills is: 1. Mobile Application and Game development for both iOS and Android using iBeacon, Objective C, Java, Cocos and Unity 2. Hybrid mobile app development using Phonegap/Cordova, Kendo UI, jQuery mobile and Sencha Touch. 3. Website and Web services devlopment in PHP, ROR, HTML5, CSS3, jQuery, Backbone, Angular, Twitter Bootstrap, Node.js I will provide the best result to you with shortly time and then you will happy. Thanks a lot Yun


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Commercial Services and Supplies
Company Overview of Asociación Española de Entidades de Capital Riesgo
Executive Profile
Arturo Azcorra
Member of Council, Asociación Española de Entidades de Capital Riesgo
|Total Calculated Compensation
|This person is connected to 1 Board Members in 1 different organizations across 0 different industries.
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Mr. Arturo Azcorra serves as a Member of Council of Asociación Española de Entidades de Capital Riesgo.
Corporate Headquarters
Príncipe de Vergara, 55-4ªDPhone: 34 91 411 96 17
Madrid, Madrid 28006
Fax: 34 91 562 65 71
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 6, 2009
|Filing date
|Oct 16, 2006
|Priority date
|Oct 17, 2005
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Neal Arthur Siegel, David R. Fischell
|Original Assignee
|Sword Diagnostics, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (10), Non-Patent Citations (9), Referenced by (2), Classifications (11), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present application, U.S. application Ser. No. 11/580,845, filed Oct. 16, 2006, claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application No. 60/727,328, filed Oct. 17, 2005, and the benefit of U.S. provisional application No. 60/836,936, filed Aug. 11, 2006, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present disclosure generally relates to the field of biological diagnostic equipment and testing methods.
There are currently many areas needing systems for the detection of biological organisms or components (e.g. proteins, DNA, or other genetic material). These areas include: food safety, medical diagnostics, veterinary diagnostics, pathogen detection and homeland security. Current methods include immunochemistry, molecular biology or biological techniques such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Ligase Chain Reactions (LCR). These methods and techniques are often limited in accuracy, specificity and sensitivity.
For example, medical diagnostics use immunochemical techniques to provide specificity in the detection of biologically active components of a sample. Antibodies developed to specific compounds are known to have high affinity for these components. In and of themselves antibodies provide limited detectability and as such are typically chemically modified with labels or tags that serve to enhance detection of the antibody during a reaction with the target biological component. In this way, prior art techniques can identify a biologic component. Unfortunately, the ability to detect the antibody is prone to interference from other things in the sample including the sample matrix, wash components and other chemical agents. In addition, current detection techniques lack sensitivity at low concentrations or numbers of antibodies (i.e. low concentrations or numbers of targeted biological components).
Raman light scattering techniques (Raman Spectroscopy) have been used in the past to detect specific chemical components. Raman scattering is a basic property of the interaction of light with molecules. When light hits a molecule it can cause the atoms of the molecule to vibrate. This vibration will then change the energy of additional light hitting the molecule. This additional scattered light has characteristics that are measurable and are unique to the structure of the molecule that was caused to vibrate. Raman spectroscopy by itself lacks specificity and sensitivity for the detection of biological organisms and components.
The present disclosure is directed to methods and apparatus that uses the combination of Raman spectroscopy and biological labeling techniques to identify and quantify biological organisms and components with higher sensitivity and specificity than prior art techniques. Specifically, the use of present disclosure for detecting antibody/biological component combinations can be performed by use of an immunoassay followed by Raman scattering detection techniques.
The immunoassay for certain embodiments of the present invention involves first having an antibody attached to a solid surface bind to the target biologic. Unbound components of the test sample are then washed away leaving only the bound biologic/antibody combinations. At this point the combined biologic/antibody combination can be detected by Raman scattering of ultraviolet light.
In one embodiment, the current invention uses the combination of Raman spectroscopy and biological labeling techniques to identify and quantify biological components, such as proteins or peptides including any post-translational modifications, in specific conformations or conditions associated with disease: for example, prion proteins.
To increase the sensitivity an additional step is envisioned where one or more new reactants are then introduced and become bound to the biologic/antibody combination. The combination of the new reactant(s) with the biologic/antibody combination can now be detected using Raman scattering of light. Examples of such reactants include, but are not limited to:
It is also envisioned that instead of starting with a biologic/antibody combination as in examples 1 and 2 above that the Raman detection methods can use chemicals that interact with the biologic without the antibody as described in examples 3 and 4 above.
It is also envisioned that specific binding partners for the target biologic other than antibodies may be used, for example, a biological receptor (a protein).
Although the techniques disclosed herein are associated with the detection of biological organisms and component, similar techniques are envisioned for the detection of inorganic components, organic components, contaminants or toxins in a sample. Further enhancement of the disclosed detection techniques involves the choice of reactants that exhibit resonance Raman light scattering. In other words, there are frequencies with more intensity in the scattered light which is specific to the structure of the reactant. The resonance phenomena in certain embodiments of the present invention is solely related to the chemical structure and interaction and not to any solid surface interaction such as found in the technique know as Surface Enhanced Resonant Raman Scattering (SERRS) which is a more complex and less desirable process.
It is also envisioned that embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented on a micro-fluidic channel (or well) integrated circuit using micro or nano-fabrication technology in which the binding partner is immobilized in one or more micro-fluidic channels in a custom integrated circuitry which would also include the laser(s) and detectors for Raman spectroscopy. Such an implementation could detect single biological components such as pathological bacteria, proteins or genetic material.
Thus an object of the present disclosure is to have a system for the detection of target biological organisms of components that utilizes a combination of chemical interactions including binding with a final step of Raman light scattering.
Another object of the present disclosure is to have a system for the detection of target inorganic or organic components that utilizes a combination of chemical interactions including binding with a final step of Raman light scattering.
Another object of the present disclosure is to combine an immunoassay with detection using Raman light scattering.
Still another object of the present disclosure is to increase sensitivity of detection by the use of chemical reactants that produce resonant Raman light scattering.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to have an integrated circuit design with micro-fluidic channels or wells which can perform the combination of binding and Raman light scattering measurements.
These and other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will become obvious to a person of ordinary skill in this art upon reading of the detailed description of this invention including the associated drawings.
The mixture containing the bound binding partner/biologic and new reactants is the incubated in step 13 to allow time for the reaction to occur. At this point in many cases, the reaction part of the process 10 is complete and step 16 of measuring the molecules produced or included in steps 11 through 15 inclusive can be performed. If additional reactants are required, steps 14, 15 and 13 may be repeated one or more times in succession until the appropriate signal molecules are present.
The measurement of the signal molecule(s) provides a quantitative result that can then be analyzed and compared in step 17 to a known set of calibrated responses of known concentrations of the target biologic. This comparison results in step 18 which is the quantified result and associated report of the concentration of the target biologic in the sample prepared in step 11.
Although the descriptions of the process 10 of
The mixture containing the bound antibody/biologic and new reactants is the incubated in step 33 to allow time for the reaction to occur. At this point in many cases, the reaction part of the process 30 is complete and step 36 of measuring Raman light scattering from Raman active molecules produced by steps 31 through 35 inclusive can be performed. If additional reactants are required, steps 34, 35 and 33 may be repeated one or more times in succession until the appropriate Raman active molecules are present.
The measurement of Raman light scattering is a spectrum that can then be analyzed and compared in step 37 to a known set of calibrated responses of known concentrations of the target biologic. This comparison results in step 38 which is the quantified result and associated report of the concentration of the target biologic in the sample prepared in step 31.
For example, Listeria may be measured in an ELISA format. 100 microliters of various concentrations of bacteria; 100,000, 50,000, 25,000, 12,500, 6,250 and 0 colony forming units (cfu) per milliliter are added to microwells coated with anti-Listeria antibodies. After an incubation period between 30 and 60 minutes at 37 C, the wells are decanted and washed with a mild detergent solution three times. 100 microliters of peroxidase-conjugated anti-Listeria antibodies are added to the well and incubated for 1 to 4 hours at 37 C. The wells are decanted and washed with a mild detergent solution three times. A mixture of 4-hydroxyl benzyl alcohol (80.6 mM), 4-aminoantipyrene (24 mM), Urea-Hydrogen Peroxide (10.6 mM) in 125 mM MES buffer (pH 6.0) is added and color is allowed to develop for 30-60 minutes. Raman Spectra of developed color from each well are developed and responses quantified.
Although the descriptions of the process 30 of
When mixed together, these components will yield an iminoquinone compound which is detectable using Raman spectroscopy or other optical techniques. Reactant 1 may also be phenol, 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 4,5-Dihydroxy-naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid or other similar compounds. Reactant 3 may be other electron donating compounds, most notably hydrogen peroxide.
The product of the reaction 45 may be used as a quantitative or qualitative reporting molecule for the reaction and as such may be used as a probe for the presence of specific biological targets if conjoined with, for example, specific antibodies or biological or chemical binding partners.
Finally in step 55 the laser chosen in step 54 is used to irradiate the Raman active product created in step 51. This will confirm that there is significant Raman scattering of the Raman active product created in step 51 to provide adequate signal for detection.
The number of micro-fluidic channels in the array of micro-fluidic channels as limited by the upperbound N, ranges from 2 to 100,000. It is also envisioned that a multiplicity of different reactants and laser wavelengths may be used in different channels. This would allow detection of multiple wavelengths of scattering from the same biological organism or component or it would allow the simultaneous detection of multiple different biological organisms and components. Finally instead of an array of micro-fluidic channels 70, it is envisioned that an array of micro-fluidic wells could be used to produce a 2 dimensional array of Raman scattering detectors.
Working Saline Buffer (used for washes in protocol):
Final Chemistry Reagent (additional to Working Buffer):
Additional Reagents:
Microparticles-Anti-Listeria (antibody) coated magnetic microparticles at 2 million microparticles/sample upon addition
Conjugate Solution-Anti-Listeria (antibody) conjugated with Horseradish Peroxidase (HRPO) at 2 uGrams/sample upon addition
Samples of either heat-killed Listeria or a negative broth (1 ml) were subject to the following procedure. Note, the 1 mL sample may be from culture, control, swab, sponge, etc.
1. Add 100 uliters of microparticles to sample.
2. Incubate 30 minutes at room temperature.
3. Capture microparticles with magnet 10 minutes.
4. Remove sample volume.
5. Add 500 uL Working Saline Buffer, mix 2 minutes at 1000 rpm.
6. Capture microparticles with magnet 2 minutes.
7. Remove wash volume.
8. Repeat steps 3-7 two more times for a total of 3 washes.
9. Add 200 uL Conjugate Solution.
10. Mix solution for 30 minutes.
11. Repeat wash steps 3-7 for a total of 3 washes.
12. Add 200 uL Final Chemistry Reagent.
13. Incubate 20 minutes with mixing at 1000 rpm.
14. Add 40 uL 0.5 N NaOH.
15. Mix 2 minutes at 1000 rpm.
16. Capture microparticles with magnet 2 minutes.
17. Transfer volume to cuvette for Raman signal detection.
In this procedure, the Final Chemistry Reagent was a two component BASH-UP chemistry. Signal was generally stable for ˜1 hour or longer. The first component in the chemistry (BASH) contained 2-hydroxy benzyl alcohol (0.02 mg/ml), 5-amino salicylic acid (0.1 mg/ml), 0.1% Tween-20, and ascorbic acid (1 μg/ml) in the Working Saline Buffer (pH 6.0). The second component (UP) contained urea peroxide adduct (1 mg/ml) the working Saline Buffer (pH 6.0) including EDTA (1 mM). These formulations maintained activity when refrigerated out of direct light for more than one month. Mixing the two components at a ratio of 1 UP to 10 BASH created a working solution of BASH-UP that was generally stable for one working day.
An aliquot of the BASH-UP was added to samples containing either heat-killed Listeria or a negative broth and allowed to react for 30 minutes. The appropriate period of time will vary based on the sensitivity of detection required. 40 μl of 0.5 N NaOH was added to the 200 μl BASH-UP reaction volume to stop the reaction and render the products Raman detectible. Alteration of the volume and concentration of the NaOH may afford greater signal stability as required by the particular assay.
Raman scattering was observed from the 240 μl sample using a Raman Systems R-3000 Raman spectrometer with a 532 nm laser operated at the high power setting. The results are depicted in
Embodiments of the current invention include, a system for the detection of a target biological organism or component from a sample comprising one or more reactants that will bind to the biological organism or compound forming a Raman active product; means to concentrate the Raman active product; and a detection sub-system which utilizes Raman light scattering to detect the Raman active product.
Biological organisms that can be detected by embodiments of the present invention include bacteria, viruses. Examples of bacteria that can be detected include Listeria, E-coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Vibrio and Camphelobacter. Examples of viruses that can be detected by embodiments of the present invention include HIV, Hepatitis, Adenovirus and Rhino virus.
Alternate embodiments of the invention include a system for the detection of Listeria from a sample comprising: a means for mixing the sample with a Listeria specific antibody bound to a solid surface, the Listeria specific antibody being designed to react with and become bound to any Listeria present in the sample; a means to incubate the mixed sample and antibody to increase concentration of bound Listeria; a means to wash away unwanted material; and a detection sub-system which utilizes Raman light scattering to detect the concentration of bound Listeria.
Components that can be detected by embodiments of the present invention include proteins, metabolites, hormones genetic material (e.g. DNA and RNA) and metabolic intermediates.
Various other modifications, adaptations, and alternative designs are of course possible in light of the above teachings. Therefore, it should be understood at this time that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 28, 2002
|Mar 27, 2003
|Tuan Vo-Dinh
|SERS diagnostic platforms, methods and systems microarrays, biosensors and biochips
|Nov 24, 1995
|May 29, 1996
|Kyoto Dai-ichi Kagaku Co., Ltd.
|Method of and apparatus for determining hydrogen peroxide by Raman scattering
|Feb 1, 1996
|Aug 7, 1996
|Kyoto Dai-ichi Kagaku Co., Ltd.
|Method of measuring enzyme reaction by Raman scattering
|Title not available
|Jul 11, 2003
|Jan 22, 2004
|Univ Strathclyde
|Serrs reactive particles
|Mar 3, 2006
|Sep 14, 2006
|Sword Diagnostics Inc
|Enhanced detection of biological and bioactive components by resonance raman spectroscopy
|Mar 16, 2006
|Oct 5, 2006
|Gen Electric
|Method of separating unattached raman-active tag from bioassay or other reaction mixture
|Jul 12, 2006
|Jan 25, 2007
|Haddach Mustapha
|Use of raman spectroscopy in enzyme activity assays
|Oct 16, 2006
|Apr 26, 2007
|Sword Diagnostics Inc
|Method and apparatus for detection of biological organisms using raman scattering
|May 2, 2007
|Feb 14, 2008
|Univ California
|Detection of protease and protease activity using a single nanocrescent sers probe
|Dou et al (Anal. Chem. vol. 69, pp. 1492-1495, 1997).
|Driskell, J.D., et al., "Low-Level Detection of Viral Pathogens by a Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Based Immunoassay," 77(19) Analytical Chemistry, 6147-6154 (2005).
|Grow, A., et al., "New Biochip Technology for Label-Free Detection of Pathogens and Their Toxins," 53(2) Journal of Microbiological Methods, 221-223 (2003).
|Mosier-Boss, P.A., "Optical Properties of Surface-Enhanced Raman-Active Capture Matrices," 60(10) Applied Spectroscopy, 1148-1156 (2006).
|Mosier-Boss, P.A., et al., "Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrate Composed of Chemically Modified Gold Colloid Particles Immobilized on Magnetic Microparticles," 77(4) Analytical Chemistry, 1031-1037 (2005).
|Partial International Search Report in Application No. PCT/US2009/033750, Jul. 21, 2009.
|Plastino et al (Biochemistry vol. 38, No. 26, pp. 8204-8216, 1999).
|Sengupta, A., et al., "Bioaerosol Characterization by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)," 36(5-6) Journal of Aerosol Science; Measurement and Characterization of Bioaerosols, 651-664 (2005).
|Xu Shuping et al., "Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Studies on Immunoassay," 10(3) Journal of Biomedical Optics, 1-12 (2005).
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 27, 2009
|Aug 14, 2012
|Neal Arthur Siegel
|Method and apparatus for detection of biological organisms using raman scattering
|Jul 28, 2011
|Sword Diagnostics, Inc.
|Methods for detecting organisms and enzymatic reactions using raman spectroscopy
|U.S. Classification
|356/301, 356/929, 356/432
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 16, 2006
Owner name: SWORD DIAGNOSTICS, INC., ILLINOIS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SIEGEL, NEAL A.;FISCHELL, DAVID R.;REEL/FRAME:018423/0895;SIGNING DATES FROM 20061012 TO 20061013
|May 19, 2008
Owner name: VENCORE SOLUTIONS LLC, OREGON
Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:SWORD DIAGNOSTICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:020975/0435
Effective date: 20080507
|Dec 1, 2009
|Certificate of correction
|Mar 6, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Sep 2, 2015
Owner name: SWORD DIAGNOSTICS, INC., INDIANA
Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:VENCORE SOLUTIONS LLC;REEL/FRAME:036475/0164
Effective date: 20150831


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"I needed a very high quality print to enter in a photography art show. I had my photograph printed at a superb printer, using a very expensive machine. I also ordered the same print through Photobucket. And yours was superior!"


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Knief Earns NFCA All-Region Honors
Nittany Lion junior selected Third Team for All-Great Lakes Region
Nittany Lions Advance Past Terrapins, 10-6
Knief breaks season hit record; Penn State faces top-seed Michigan on Friday
Knief, Jones Receive All-Big Ten Honors
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NFCA All-GREAT LAKES REGION THIRD TEAM (2015)
Third Team NFCA All-Great Lakes Region…Second Team All-Big Ten... Set the Nittany Lion single-season record for hits with 75… .417 average (75-for-180) placed Knief third on the single-season list at Penn State… Third in the Big Ten in hits and first with 39 knocks in conference games… Tied for fourth in the Big Ten in batting average… Appeared in 53 games, including 52 starts in center field... 37 runs, 14 doubles, four triples, 20 RBI and a stolen base... 26 multi-hit games this season, including six games with three or more hits… 16 games with an extra base hit … 2-for-4 with an RBI vs. Arkansas (Feb. 6) and Fordham (Feb. 27)… 3-for-4 with two doubles, two runs and an RBI at Missouri State (Feb. 14)… 2-for-4 with two runs and an RBI vs. No. 20 Missouri (Feb. 27)… 2-for-4 with a run and a triple at Sacramento State (Mar. 14)… 3-for-5 with a double vs. Northwestern (Mar. 21)… Two hits, a run and a triple vs. Northwestern (Mar. 22)… 2-for-3 with three runs, a double and an RBI at Michigan State (Mar. 28)… 4-for-5 with three runs, a double and an RBI at Wisconsin (Apr. 3)… 3-for-4 with a double, a run and an RBI vs. Ohio State (Apr. 15)… 3-for-4 with two doubles, a single and two RBI at Maryland (Apr. 19)… 2-for-5 with a double and three RBI vs. Rutgers (Apr. 25)… 2-for-5, including a walk-off single vs. Rutgers (Apr. 26)… 2-for-3 with a triple and the go-ahead run at Pitt (Apr. 28)… 4-for-4 with three runs and an RBI in the Big Ten Tournament vs. Maryland (May 7).
All-Big Ten second team honoree ... Started all 49 games for the Nittany Lions ... Led the team and placed in the Penn State single season top-10 all-time in batting average (.372; fourth), hits (58; fifth), runs scored (37; second), triples (6; first), slugging percentage (.512; seventh) and on base percentage (.446; seventh) ... Scored a program-best four runs in the season opener against Oregon State (Feb. 7) ... Had three runs scored at Michigan State (Apr. 6) and against Rutgers (Mar. 14) ... 17 multi-hit games, a team-best ... Posted a trio of hits at Michigan State (Apr. 6), at Florida Atlantic (Feb. 22) and against Bucknell (Apr. 16) ... Team-long 12-game hit streak from Apr. 2-19, during which she scored 13 runs ... Recorded at least one hit in 11-straight games from Feb. 17-Mar. 15 ... Hit first career homer at Michigan State (Apr. 6), adding a double and triple for a 3-for-4, three-RBI effort ... Was 3-for-3 with two RBI and a double at Florida Atlantic (Feb. 22) ... Against Bucknell (Apr. 16), batted .750 (3-for-4) with two runs scored, an RBI and a triple ... All-Big Ten Second Team member and given Academic All-Big Ten Honors.
Made 26 starts in 38 appearances in the infield and as a pinch runner ... Carried a batting average of .224 and an on-base percentage of .344 ... Scored 11 runs and collected three RBIs ... Went 1-for-1 with a single and two walks, scoring once, vs. UMKC (Feb. 17) ... Posted a 3-for-4 effort vs. Iowa State (Feb. 24), scoring twice ... Scored and notched an RBI with a double vs. Longwood (Mar. 3) ... Drove one run in vs. Loyola (Chicago) (Mar. 6) ... Scored twice vs. Toledo (3/9) with one single and two walks ... Singled and scored in back-to-back games vs. Arizona (Mar. 15) and Texas (3/15) ... Crossed home plate once vs. Michigan (Mar. 29) as a pinch runner ... Scored at Michigan State (Apr. 3) ... Tallied one run and sent a runner in at Indiana (Apr. 6).
Named All-League, All-County and Suburban News Player of the Year 2009-11 ... Named Female Athlete of the Year 2009-10 ... Named All-State 2010-11 and MVP of Ramsey 2010-11, coached by Chris Caserta ... Led county in 2011 with a .598 batting average ... Named team captain for 2012 season ... Played summer ball for Team LI Gold coached by Nike Galati ... Four year letterwinner in soccer, named Bergen Record Female Soccer Player of the Year in 2011 ... Named to the All-League squad from 2008-11 ... Earned All-County (3/6) 2010-11 and Suburban News Player of the Year 2009-11 ... Named MVP for 2010 squad while leading Bergen County with 27 goals scored ... Helped lead Ramsey to the 2011 Big North League, N.J. State Sectional & N.J. Group II State titles.
Full name is Lexis Anne Knief ... Born March 22, 1994, in Ridgewood, N.J. ... Parents are Cathi and Karl Knief ... Has a twin sister named Ashley and two siblings, Kris and Brett ... Brett played baseball four years at Florida State ... Majoring in broadcast journalism with a minor in entrepreneurship and innovation.
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