text:
Welcome to the ARRL Connecticut Section Web Page
Here are some links to some important resources
Who's getting it done for you?Section Manager
Betsey Doane, K1EIC
92 Mohegan Rd
Shelton, CT
(203) 929-7759
Assistant Section Manager emeritus
Al Cohen, W1FXQ
42 Jeffrey Ln
Newington, CT 06111-1616
(860) 667-2864
Larry Buck, K1HEJ
Official Observer Coordinator
Chuck Motes K1DFS
22 Woodside Lane,
Plainville, CT 06062
860-747-6377 (night)
Public Information Coordinator
Section Youth Coordinator
Douglas Sharafanowich - WA1SFH
168 Housatonic Dr.
Milford, CT 06460
(203) 494 3885
State Government Liaison
Jonathan Beatty, WF1H
9 Bellaire Manor
Cromwell, CT 06416
(860) 704-9870
Technical Coordinator
Steve Simons, W1SMS
33 Ball Pond Road
Danbury, CT 06811
(203) 733 2110
News (September)
Hams Launch High Altitude Balloon from Bridgeport
Flight of Discovery 1"
Larry Reed, AB1JC
Payload consisted of an Omaha Steaks
container, with a Baofeng UV-82, a
Byonics TinyTrak4, Byonics
High-Altitude GPS4, 5000 mAh LIPO
battery, and a cut-down
circuit. The VHF antenna was a
Byonics V6 wire dipole.
Mounted to the top outside the box
was a GoPro Hero 4 camera, which
took 720p video and also took a 12
Mpixel picture every
minute. The GoPro was
graciously provided by local
photographer Mike Florio. The
Ground Station at the museum
consisted of a high-gain VHF Yagi on
a Yaesu Az/El Rotator, an Icom
TS-2000, and a computer which kept
the antenna pointed at the
balloon. Funding for the
ground station had been provided by
David Ives. In addition to
logging balloon reports directly, we
monitored the flight on APRS.
Saturday was a beautiful day, other
than some cirrus about 35,000 feet,
the sky was clear. We launched
from Vets Field, part of 90 acres
park just north of the museum.
The primary purpose of this flight
was training for all, so we intended
to cut the payload down at 29,000
feet, and go for a water
recovery. We had two recovery
boats, courtesy of NE1CU and KC1CRT,
waiting in the middle of Long Island
Sound. The package was jerked
at launch, and the connector to the
wires running up to the cutdown
mechanism (nichrome wire around the
cord above the parachute) was pulled
loose, so there would be no cutdown
today! The balloon rose
steadily at 1000 feet/minute.
At about 35,000 feet, the balloon
hit the jetstream and took off to
the east at speeds reaching 80
mph. Finally over the North
Shore of Long Island at 89,391 feet,
the balloon burst and the package
fell, initially at over 120
mph! (Parachute was OK, but
there is no air up there.)
Gradually the package slowed down,
and curved around to a water landing
200 yards offshore on the south side
of Great Peconic Bay. We were
able to call a local marina and a
kind soul boated out to retrieve the
package, which we picked up the next
day. There was NO salt water
in the package and all the equipment
was in good order. We
recovered the GoPro and were
rewarded with 36 GB worth of
spectacular photos and videos.
had excellent 2-way communications
with the package all the way, even
down to 450 feet 50 miles
away. The balloon was
radiating 5w, which was too
much. There were many
duplicate squawks, and we were
directly heard by stations as far
away as Montreal and the Ohio/PA
border, 400 miles away!
This was the first of what will be several flights, with various payloads. In the Spring, K1MJM, AB1JC, and Erik Klaus from Hartford plan to launch a balloon with a stabilized ATV platform, sending back live 525-line color TV at 434 MHz. This package is working in the lab now. The students at UB are working on a robotic High-Altitude Monkey (HAM) for a launch, and we will also be experimenting with reaction wheels for attitude control so we can take photos of the total eclipse in 2017. How about launching a cross-band repeater special event station?
National Traffic System (NTS) Corner
CT Section
Submitted by: Ann-Marie, K1STM
Month: September 2015
Activity Report
Schedule of NTS Nets
What is NTS? What are nets? What is traffic?
These questions
are answered in this very nice guide written by Mark
W2EAG and is used here with enthusiastic
permission. There may be a couple of
inconsistencies as some time has elapsed but they can
be handled on a case-bycase basis. The material
is well written and represents a great deal of work by
an avid traffic handler. I hope it is useful to
you and that you enjoy the content. Traffic


text:
|Numéro de publication
|Type de publication
|Numéro de demande
|Date de publication
|17 avr. 2003
|Date de dépôt
|23 avr. 2002
|Date de priorité
|23 avr. 2001
|Numéro de publication
|Ehud Baron, Victor Korsenski
|Cessionnaire d'origine
|Ehud Baron, Victor Korsenski
|Exporter la citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citations de brevets (5), Référencé par (8), Classifications (10), Événements juridiques (1)
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet
[0001] This application claims benefit of and incorporates by reference patent application serial No. 60/285,681, entitled "METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR A SELF-IDENTIFYING PEN," filed on Apr. 23, 2001, by inventors Ehud Baron and Victor Korsenski.
[0002] This invention relates generally to transponders, and more particularly, but not exclusively, provides a system and method for a self-identifying electronic pen for use in a handwriting input system.
[0003] Conventional handwriting input systems use a stylus and a touch screen or similar device for input. For example, in personal digital assistants (PDAs), such as a Palm® handheld device, a user enters data via writing on a touch screen with a stylus. The disadvantage of conventional handwriting input systems is that they may require touch screens for input of data, which can be large and bulky.
[0004] The present invention provides a system for a transponder that can be used in a handwriting input system. The system comprises a stylus, which includes an infrared detection device communicatively coupled, via a switch, to an ultrasound-generating device. The switch is located in a tip of the stylus such that when pressure is applied to the tip, the detection device, when detecting a radiation, sends a command to the ultrasound-generating device to generate an ultrasound.
[0005] A position sensing system, comprising a first and a second ultrasound detector separated by a pre-defined distance, an electromagnetic radiation source, and a timing device coupled to the detectors and source, can calculate the location of the stylus by measuring the time it takes to receive an ultrasound pulse at the first and second ultrasound detectors from the time of transmitting the electromagnetic radiation. Further, the position sensing system may be communicatively coupled to a computer or other processing device capable display, based on triangulation data from the position sensing system, motion of the stylus as digital ink.
[0006] The present invention further provides a method for a handwriting input system using a self-identifying stylus. The method comprises: sending, from a position sensing system to a transponder, an electromagnetic pulse; measuring the time it takes to receive an ultrasound pulse at two ultrasound detectors from the time of transmitting electromagnetic pulse; calculating the position of the transponder based on the measured times; repeating the above steps over a period of time corresponding to a user writing with the self-identifying stylus; and displaying motion of the transponder over time as digital ink on a display device.
[0007] The system and method may therefore advantageously enable a user to input handwriting into a device without the need for a touch pad or similar mechanism.
[0008] Non-limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the following figures, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the various views unless otherwise specified.
[0009]FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a position-sensing system and a self-identifying transponder according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0010]FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the self-identifying transponder of FIG. 1;
[0011]FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram the transponder;
[0012]FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of a transponder;
[0013]FIG. 5 is a block diagram of another embodiment of a transponder;
[0014]FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of another transponder according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0015]FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the transponder of FIG. 6 showing more detail of a mode decoder;
[0016]FIG. 8 is a chart depicting the timing of various signals for the embodiment of FIG. 6;
[0017]FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the position sensing system of FIG. 1;
[0018]FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of a position sensing system according to another embodiment of the invention;
[0019]FIGS. 11A, 11B and 11C depicts the appearance of typical waveforms at the locations indicated A, B, and C, respectively in FIG. 10;
[0020]FIG. 12 depicts the data protocol sent from the microcontroller of FIG. 10 to the processor of FIG. 10 in an embodiment of the invention;
[0021]FIG. 13 depicts the directivity of an exemplary ultrasound transducers used in a transponder;
[0022]FIG. 14 depicts the directivity of an exemplary detector in a position sensing system;
[0023]FIG. 15 depicts the overlap of the zones of acceptance of two compression wave detectors;
[0024]FIG. 16 depicts the compression wave detectors detecting ultrasound compression waves emitted by a transponder;
[0025]FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a computer capable to generate digital ink based on data received from a position sensing system; and
[0026]FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a method for displaying digital ink on a display.
[0027] The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention, and is provided in the context of a particular application and its requirements. Various modifications to the embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles, features and teachings disclosed herein.
[0028]FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a position-sensing system 100 and a self-identifying transponder 130 according to an embodiment of the invention. In an embodiment of the invention, transponder 130, as will be discussed further in conjunction with FIG. 2, detects electromagnetic radiation emitted from system 100 and, in response, emits an ultrasound pulse. Transponder 130 may be housed in a stylus, writing implement, scanner, bar code reader, laser pointer, mouse, joystick, surgical instrument or any other device.
[0029] System 100, as will be discussed further in conjunction with FIG. 9, comprises a housing including an electromagnetic source 120. The housing of system 100 further includes two ultrasound detectors 110 a and 110 b with detector 110 a being separated from detector 110 b by a predefined distance. A timing device (not shown) measures the elapsed time between emission of an electromagnetic pulse by the electromagnetic source and the reception of an ultrasound pulse at the detectors 110 a and 110 b from the transponder 130. Based on the elapsed time, the position of the stylus can be calculated, as will be discussed further in conjunction with FIG. 10.
[0030]FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the transponder 130 (FIG. 1). In an embodiment of the invention transponder 130 comprises an detector 200 that can detect a first type of energy, such as electromagnetic (EM) radiation, an optional switch 210, and an generator 220 that can emit a second type of energy, such as ultrasound, communicatively coupled together in series. In one embodiment, detector 200 detects EM radiation emitted by EM source 120 of system 100. Further, detector 200 may include an IRDA compliant IR receiver, such as the Infineon IRMS5000, which is a highly sensitive IR receiver with protection from ambient daylight and other sources of light. Further, the IRMS5000 may have a low jitter of leading front of synchronization IR pulses of less than +/−5 s. In another embodiment of the invention, a light pipe (not shown) may be coupled to the detector 200. The light pipe may be made of a transparent plastic especially suited to absorb IR light from the source 120 of the system 100 and deliver the IR light to the to detector 200.
[0031] Switch 210, which is communicatively coupled to detector 200, may be actuated by events including, but not limited to, pressure from an actuator (not shown) communicatively coupled to the switch 210, a predetermined sequence of EM pulses as detected by detector 200, the passage of a preset amount of time, heat detection, pen tilt and/or angle detection, or other techniques. Switch 210 may also be configured so that it controls operation of detector 200 or generator 220 by, for example, controlling the supply of power to them. This configuration may be used to limit the power consumed by the transponder 130 to only those instances when it is desired to have transponder 130 in an enabled state. Further, in another embodiment of the invention, switch 210 may control transmission of a signal from detector 200 to generator 220. In one embodiment of the invention, switch 210 may be a membrane SPST switch, such as one commercially available from Nelson Nameplate Company. The membrane SPST switch may have an extremely low travel with calibrating breaking and back force of 10-15 grams.
[0032] Generator 220 is communicatively coupled to detector 200 via optional switch 210. If transponder 130 does not include switch 210, then generator 220 may be directly communicatively coupled to detector 200. Embodiments of generator 220 may include an ultrasonic transducer, such as one made using a piezoceramic element to generate an ultrasonic signal. In one embodiment of the invention, generator 220 includes a PVDF ultrasonic transmitter having a center frequency of about 39+/−2 KHz, and may be available commercially from MSI. Further, the transmitter may be a circular omni-directional diagram pattern transducer or a unidirectional transducer. In addition, a transformer (not shown) may be coupled to the transmitter for transducer excitation. The transformer may have a primary winding inductance of about 6-7? H and a secondary output winding inductance of 28 mH with a resistance of 130 Ohms to produce an excitation voltage of 140V at 5V power supply. The transformer may be commercially available from Coilcraft.
[0033] In an embodiment of transponder 130 without switch 210, detector 200 detects an EM pulse from system 100. Detector 200 then contacts generator 220, which sends an ultrasound pulse to the system 100. In one embodiment, the ultrasound pulse may have a frequency range between 1 KHz to 500 KHz. In another embodiment, the frequency range may be between 10 KHz and about 100 KHz. In another embodiment, the frequency range may be between 30 KHz and 50 KHz. In another embodiment of the invention, the ultrasound pulse has a frequency of 40 KHz.
[0034] In an embodiment in which transponder 130 includes switch 210, generator 220 generates an ultrasound pulse only when switch 210 is actuated. In one embodiment of the invention, a pressure sensitive actuator (not shown), which may be coupled to the housing of transponder 130, may actuate the switch 210. In one embodiment, transponder 130 is housed in a stylus and the pressure sensitive actuator may be coupled to a tip of the stylus. Applying pressure to the tip of the stylus would therefore actuate the pressure sensitive actuator, thereby activating switch 210. In another embodiment, switch 210 may coupled to the other types of actuators, such as a heat sensitive actuator, which would activate the switch 210 upon sensing heat, such as the heat from a hand.
[0035]FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a transponder 300, which includes infrared (IR) detector 302. The output of detector 302 is input into the first input of AND gate 304. The second input of the AND gate 304 is coupled to switch 306 and through pull resister 308 to Vcc.
[0036] In the embodiment of FIG. 3, switch 306 is closed, and therefore, transponder 130 is a non-enabled state, which is the default state of transponder 130 to thereby enabling conservation of power. In this position the input to AND gate 304 from switch 306 is connected to ground (i.e., logical 0) and pulses output from detector 302 are not transmitted through AND gate 304. When switch 306 is in the open position (i.e., when transponder 130 is enabled), the contact of the switch 306 connects ground to contact B and the second input to AND gate 304 is at about Vcc (i.e., logical 1).
[0037] When switch 306 is in the enabled state, connected to contact B, optional voltage converter 310 may be activated. Converter 310 converts the voltage output of power supply 312, which may be a battery, to a voltage level suitable to run the components of transponder 130. In one embodiment, when switch 306 is in the non-enabled position, power supply 312 discharges through pull up resistor 314 until capacitor 316 is charged up. Power supply 312 is also connected to input 320 of converter 310. When capacitor 316 is charged up, connection 318 of converter 310 is at approximately the same voltage as power supply 312, causing voltage converter 310 to shut down. In this shut down mode, little or no current is drawn from power supply 312, enabling the useful lifetime of power supply 312to be extended.
[0038] When switch 306 is in the enabled state, the voltage on connection 318 is brought to ground and converter 310 is activated and converts the voltage of power supply 312 to a voltage of Vcc (e.g., 5 Volts) at output 322. Optional bypass capacitor 324 can be added to improve performance of the voltage converter 310. When switch 306 is switched back to a non-enabled state, capacitor 316 again charges up through pull up resistor 314. The time constant of this charging circuit can be chosen to set the period of time between the switching of switch 306 from the enabled to non-enabled state, and the halting of the converter 310.
[0039] In an embodiment in which a voltage supply of sufficient voltage to directly operate the components of transponder 130 is available, voltage converter 310 may be eliminated. In this embodiment, switch 306 is configured to prevent voltage from reaching one or more of the components of the transponder 130 when it is in a non-enabled state, and to allow voltage to reach the components of transponder 130 when it is in an enabled state.
[0040] Referring back to FIG. 3, when switch 306 is in the non-enabled state, output pulses from detector 302 are not transmitted through AND gate 304. When switch 306 is in the enabled state, output pulses from detector 302 are transmitted through AND gate 304 to generator 326, which converts an input pulse of variable duration into a pulse of predetermined duration suitable to operate driver 328 and ultrasonic transducer 330.
[0041] Optionally, transducer 330 may be coupled to a horn or other impedance matching element to more efficiently couple the transducer to air. See, for example, the discussion in "A High Efficiency Transducer for Transmission to Air," by J. Kritz, IRE Trans. Ultrason. Eng., Vol. UE-8, March 1961, pp. 14-19, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
[0042]FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of a transponder 400. In this embodiment, transponder 130 includes an infrared detector 402, which may be a TFDU4100 manufactured by Telefunken Semiconductor. The output of detector 402 is input in NAND gate 404 configured to function as an inverter. The output of NAND gate 404 is then input into the first input of NAND gate 406. The second input to NAND gate 406 is from terminal A of switch 408 connected through a 150 K-Ohm resistor to the Vcc output of voltage converter 410.
[0043] In the non-enabled position, switch 408 is connected to terminal A and the second input to NAND gate 406 is held at ground (logical 0) preventing any pulses from detector 402 from passing though NAND gate 406. When switch 408 is in the enabled position, voltage converter 410 is activated and the voltage output from battery 412 is converted into voltage Vcc at output 414 driving the second input of NAND gate 406 to a voltage near Vcc (logical 1), thereby allowing pulses from detector 402 to pass through NAND gate 406 to a one-shot generator 416.
[0044] In an embodiment of the invention, generator 416 may be a LMC555 biased to convert the input pulse into an output pulse of about 12.5 microseconds. This output pulse is fed through NAND gate 418 wired as an inverter to provide a fast driving signal that is then sent into driver circuit 420 and ultrasound transducer 422.
[0045] Driver circuit 420 is configured so that the amplitude of the leading part of the generated ultrasound wave is as high as possible. Since the transducer 422 may have a high Q, the driver 420 may cause ringing in the transducer 422, which may be reduced by having the lower transistor of driver circuit 420 short the transducer 422 to ground just after initial excitation of the transducer 422.
[0046]FIG. 5 is a block diagram of another embodiment of a transponder 500, which includes a radiation detector 510, a mode detector 520, and an ultrasound generator 540. In an embodiment of the invention, transponder 500 may also include a switch, which may be substantially similar to switch 210 (FIG. 2). Further, in an embodiment of the invention, detector 510 and generator 540 may be substantially similar to detector 200 (FIG. 2) and generator 220, respectively.
[0047] In an embodiment of the invention, mode detector 520 may also include a memory 530, such as FLASH memory or other memory device. Memory 530 stores data that can be selectively transmitted upon request. Mode detector 520 may operate in two modes: data mode and a draw mode. In data mode, mode detector 520 transmits selected data from memory 530 to generator 540, which then encodes and/or converts the selected data into compression waves. In the draw mode, mode detector 520 transmits a signal to generator 540 each time detector 510 receives an EM signal; therefore, in effect, transponder 500 acts substantially similar to transponder 130.
[0048] In one embodiment of the invention, EM detector 510 places mode detector 520 into data mode by sending a signal to mode detector 520 upon receipt of a data mode EM signal. In another embodiment of the invention, a user can place the mode detector 520 into data mode by pressing an actuator coupled to the mode detector 520.
[0049] Examples of data that memory 530 may store include user identification information, payment information such as debit or credit card data, passwords, and/or any other data. Accordingly, in an embodiment of the invention, a user may pay be able to pay for a purchase from a vending machine or a supermarket checkout by enabling the data mode of the mode detector 520 via an optional actuator on the transponder. Alternatively, payment data may be sent in response to receipt of a data signal mode EM signal from a vending machine or other device. In another embodiment, payment can be made by enabling the data mode of the mode detector 520 and entering a PIN into a machine and/or signing the user's name with the transponder 500. In another embodiment of the invention, enabling the data mode of mode detector 520 may enable other devices, such as opening doors, starting an automobile, etc.
[0050]FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of transponder 600 according to another embodiment of the invention. Transponder 600 may be houses in a stylus or other device. IR detector 602 is coupled to the first input of AND gage 604. The second input of AND gate 604 is coupled to ground through switch 606 and positive voltage through resistor 608 such that when switch 606 is closed, the second input AND gate 604 is at ground. Switch 606 may be placed on an accessible portion of the housing. For example, if transponder 600 is located within a stylus, switch 606 may be placed on a tip of the stylus so that when the tip is pressed against a surface, the switch is opened. Alternatively, the switch 606 may be placed on a side of the stylus so that a user may actuate the switch 606.
[0051] When switch 606 is open, a logical 1 is present at the second input to AND gate 604 and signals generated by detector 602 are transmitted through AND gate 604. The output of AND gate 604 is fed into mode detector 610, which include a mode decoder 612. The mode decoder 612 is coupled a draw mode connection to a first input of OR gate 614 and coupled by a data mode connection to data storage and output system 616. Data storage and output system 616 is coupled to the second input of OR gate 614. Data storage and output system 616 includes AND gate 618 to data store 620. The first input of AND gate 618 is the data channel output from mode decoder 612, and the second input to AND gate 618 is from a clock (not shown). In the data mode, a logical 1 is put on the data mode channel 622 and the clock signal is allowed through AND gate 618 and into data store 620. The clock signal then clocks out pre-stored data from data store 620 on data channel 622 to OR gate 614. In data mode, the draw mode channel is kept at a logical 0 level while data is being clocked out of data store 620. In draw mode, the data mode channel 622 is kept at logical 0 preventing data from being clocked out of data store 620 and the output from AND gate 604 is passed to OR gate 614 through mode decoder 612 along the draw mode channel and then into one shot generator 624. In one embodiment, data store 620 may include a Microchip PIC16c508 micro-controller.
[0052] The output of OR gate 614 is coupled to one shot generator 624, which converts an input pulse of variable duration into a pulse of predetermined duration suitable to operate ultrasound transducer 628. The output of one shot generator 624 is input into driver 626, which drives transducer 628.
[0053]FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of transponder 600 showing more detail of mode decoder 612. In this embodiment, the output from AND gate 604 is input into the first input of AND gate 702, the clock input of D flip flop 704, and peak hold circuit 706. Diode 708, capacitor 710 and resistor 712 are chosen to hold a signal level fro a predetermined period of time which is shorted than the period between signals ordinarily received by transponder system 600 in the draw mode. The Q output of D flip flop 704 is input into data storage and output system 716 and the not Q output is input in the second input of AND gate 702.
[0054] A user may initiate a data transmission session by placing transponder 600 in a position so that IR detector 602 can receive a data mode signal, which may have been transmitted from system 100, as will be discussed further below. In another embodiment, a user can initiate a data transfer mode by pressing a data mode switch located on the exterior of the transponder 600 housing.
[0055] If the data mode is initiated, transponder 600 sends the data (or a subset of the date) stored in data store data store 620 to the ultrasound transducer 628, which outputs it as a continuous serial bit stream in asynchronous format. A time interval ("bit cell") is reserved for each bit. If the corresponding data bit is 1, the ultrasound burst is sent at the time period corresponding to the origin of the bit cell and if the corresponding data bit is 0, then the ultrasound burst is not sent in the time period for the data cell.
[0056] In one embodiment, the data pulse signal for placing the transponder 600 into data mode comprises a series of two EM pulses separated by less than the hold time of peak hold circuit 706. Peak hold circuit 706 may have a time constant of about 25 microseconds while the data mode pulse is comprises of two pulses separated by about 7 microseconds. If switch 606 is closed when the data mode signal is received, this signal, in the form of the two closely spaced pulses, appears on the output of the AND fate 604 and passed to mode decoder 612, which includes AND 712, D flip flop 704 and peak hold circuit 706.
[0057] The first pulse passes AND gate 702 and excited one-shot generator 624 through OR gate 614. Simultaneously, this pulse is applied to peak hold circuit 716, which stores the 1 voltage level for an amount of time, and to clock synchronous input of D flip flop 704, which is controllable by low to high transition. The output of peak hold circuit 706 is applied to D control input of D flip flop 704. When the first high to low transition occurs on the clock input, D flip flop 704 stays clear. The 1 level, stored by the peak hold circuit 706, slowly decays to 0 with the time constant as set by the components (e.g. approximately 25 μs in one embodiment), the level on D input is 1 and high to low transition on the clock input sets the D flip flop 704. The level of the Q output toggles low to high and initiates operation of data storage and output system 516 (which can be a micro-controller in one embodiment). Data storage and output system 616 then clocks out data stored in the memory in data storage and output system 616 using an internal clock (not shown).
[0058] The level on non-Q output of the D flip flop disables the pulses from AND gate 604 to pass through gates 702 and 614 to one shot generator 624. The short pulse which appears on the output of OR gate 614 does not affect the one shot generator 624 because it is configured so that it is not retriggerable during 12.5 Ps from the origin of the first pulse of data mode signal sequence.
[0059] Data storage and output system 616 starts to output the data stored in its onboard memory. Each clock transition shifts one bit of the memory contents (least significant first to master significant bit in one embodiment) to one shot generator 624 through OR gave 614. for each bit of data which is a 1, data storage and output system 616 sends an output pulse of width 4 μs through to trigger the one shot generator 624 which generates an output pulse of 12.5 μs to excite the transducer 628.
[0060] In one embodiment, each bit cell is 2.5 ms long (i.e., the data is sent at the rate of 400 bps) and the data is a 16 decimal number represented in BCD format, encoded by the 64 bit binary value. Transmission may be protected by a checksum, calculated by summing of all the significant bits of an ID value modulo 2 powered by 8. The ID, containing 72 bits of data and checksum, may be sent during 0.18 s at a data rate of 400 bps. FIG. 8 is a chart depicting the timing of various signals for this embodiment.
[0061]FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the position sensing system 100 of FIG. 1. System 100 includes a first compression wave detector 110 a, a second compression wave detector 110 b, timers 900 a and 900 b, and processor 910. Detectors 910 a and 910 b are capable to detect ultrasound waves emitted from a transponder, such as transponders 130, 300, 400, 500, and/or 700. Detectors 110 a and 110 b may also include a horn or other impedance matching structure to enable the detectors 110 a and 110 b to more efficiently detect the compression waves. Detector 110 a is communicatively coupled to timer 900 a and detector 110 b is coupled to timer 900 b. In turn, timers 900 a and 900 b are communicatively coupled to processor 910. EM source 120 is communicatively coupled to times 900 a and 900 b and processor 910.
[0062] Timers 900 a and 900 b may include any device that can measure elapsed time including, but not limited to, counters communicatively coupled to a clock. In another embodiment, timers 900 a and 900 b may be implemented as a single timer capable to measure two or more elapsed times. Processor 910 may include any processor including, but not limited to, a microprocessor, a computer, dedicated logic, an ASIC, etc. In one embodiment, timers 900 a and 900 b are incorporated into processor 910.
[0063] In operation, processor 910 sends a signal to EM source 120, which generates an EM pulse upon receipt of the signal. The processor 910 signal also starts timers 900 a and 900 b. When a transponder receives the EM pulse, it emits an ultrasound wave in return, which is received by detectors 110 a and 110 b. When detector 110 a detects a pulse, timer 900 a stops. When detector 110 b detects the pulse, timer 900 b stops. Processor 910 determines the elapsed time on times 900 a and 900 b between the emission of the EM pulse and detection of the ultrasound wave at the detectors 110 a and 110 b. Using these elapsed times, a known distance between the detector 110 a and 110 b, and the known velocity of the ultrasound waves, processor 910 determines the relative position of the transponder using triangulation methods.
[0064]FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of position sensing system 1000 according to an embodiment of the invention. System 1000 includes a first ultrasound detector 1002 and a second ultrasound detector 1004. In one embodiment of the invention, detectors 1002 and 1004 may have center frequency of 40+/−1 KHz with bandwidth of +/−2 KHz at a 6 dB level. Detectors 1002 and 1004 may include Murata MA40S4R detectors and/or piezo ceramic receivers from Ceramic Transducer Design.
[0065] Detectors 1002 and 1004 are connected with the same polarity so that an increase in pressure on the detectors results in a positive voltage output. Detectors 1002 and 1004 are connected, respectively, to band pass filter 1006 and 1008, each with a pass band of about 300 Hz to about 60 KHz. In another embodiment of the invention, band pass filters 1006 and 1008 may have a pass band between 100 Hz to 500 KHz, or any range subsumed therein.
[0066] The outputs of band pass filters 1006 and 1008 are input respectively into amplifiers 1010 and 1012 with a gain of about 700. In one embodiment of the invention, the amplifiers include Texas Instruments' RC4558. The gain factor on the amplifiers 1010 and 1012 may be set to any value as required by system 1000. In an embodiment of the invention, the gain on amplifiers 1010 and 1012 is dynamically adjusted to keep a characteristic (e.g., peak, RMS value, mean value, etc.) of output signal from each of the amplifiers 1010 and 1012 at the same value during repeated uses of the system 1000, thereby aiding in reproducibility and accuracy of detection.
[0067] The outputs of amplifiers 1010 and 1012 are then input into half-wave rectifiers 1014 and 1016 respectively, and then into the inverting input of comparators 1018 and 1020 respectively. The non-inverting input of comparators 1018 and 1020 are connected to ground or near ground voltage such as about 100 millivolts.
[0068] The output of comparators 1018 and 1020 are sent to microcontroller 1022 and input into timer system 1030 of microcontroller 1022, which is coupled to IR driver 1024, which is coupled to IR LED 1026.
[0069] Microcontroller 1022 is also coupled by connection 1032 to processor 1028, which can be any type of processor including, but not limited to, a microprocessor, an ASIC, a DSP, or other processing device. Further, processor 1028 may be part of a personal computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, or any device having a processor. In another embodiment of the invention, the processing performed by microcontroller 1022 and processor 1028 may be combined into a single processor. Connection 1032 may be any type of connection capable to communicatively couple microcontroller 1022 and processor 1028, including a network connection, such as the Internet, fiber optic connection, wireless techniques, etc.
[0070] Timer system 130 includes a first counter and a second counter connected respectively to the output of comparators 1019 and 1020. The counters are also connected to a clock. The frequency of the clock will determine the timing accuracy of the system 1000, and therefore, spatial accuracy of the system 1000. In one embodiment of the invention, the clock rate may be about 1.536 MHz, which gives a time resolution of about 651 nanoseconds and a spatial resolution of about 0.22 mm.
[0071] During operation of system 1000, microcontroller 1022 generates a trigger pulse, which causes LED 1026 to emit an IR pulse and begins the counting of both counters in timer system 1030. These counters count at the clock rate set by the clock in timer system 1030. In another embodiment of the invention, the counters begin counting after a predetermined time delay from the emission of the IR pulse.
[0072] The IR pulse emitted by LED 1026 is received by a transponder, such as transponder 130 (FIG. 2), which in turn emits an ultrasound compression wave. Ultrasound detectors 1002 and 1004 then detect the ultrasound compression wave. FIGS. 11A, 11B and 11C depicts the appearance of typical waveforms at the locations indicated A, B, and C, respectively in FIG. 10.
[0073]FIG. 11A depicts a typical signal after amplification. In this example, the signal has a duration of about 0.8 milliseconds and period of about 25 microseconds. The signal and noise oscillate about a centerline voltage level which can be set by system 1000 to be any level, such as 0 volts or 2.5 volts.
[0074]FIG. 11B depicts a typical waveform after passing through the rectifiers 1014 and 1016. In one embodiment, comparators 1018 and 1020 are set to detect signals over 100 millivolts. At this threshold setting, comparators 1018 and 1020 do not detect noise, but do detect the second positive peak of the signal, since it surpasses this threshold. The threshold can be adjusted subject to the noise present in the system 1000 and the desired cycle number of the received signal to be detected. The output switches from high to low whenever the input signal crosses the comparator threshold.
[0075] The output of the comparators is sent into the capture input of the counters and the first pulse out of each comparator stops their respective counter. Each counter thus measures the time elapsed between the trigger pulse causing the LED emission and the reception by the respective detectors of an ultrasound compression wave that generates an electrical signal greater than the detection threshold of the detector. In one embodiment of the invention, microcontroller 1022 does not enable the capture inputs to the counters until a predetermined time has passed. The predetermined time corresponds to a predetermined distance between the device generating the compression wave and the compression wave detectors 1002 and 1004. This time period can also be used to prevent detections of reflections of compression waves from objects or other surfaces.
[0076] This predetermined time can be used to reduce the number of bits required to be sent from the counters if the approximate position of the transponder generating the ultrasound compression wave is known (e.g., from previous operations of the system 1000). This predetermined time can be dynamically changed as the position of the transponder changes. In another embodiment of the invention, the clock rate can be increased to provide a more accurate determination of the position of the transponder.
[0077]FIG. 12 depicts the data protocol sent from the microcontroller 1022 to the processor 1028 in an embodiment of the invention. The output of the counters representing the time of flight of the compression wave has 12 bit resolution. The content of the counters is sent from the microcontroller 1022 to the processor 1028 in a four-byte package. Byte 0 contains synchro-bit (bit 7) set to indicate which counter the data is from. The rest of byte 0 and the LSBs of byte 1 contain the contents of one of the counters, while bytes 2 and 3 contain the contents of the other counter. In one aspect of the invention, processor 1028 processes the time of flight data using the known speed of ultrasound compression waves in air to determine the position of the transponder using triangulation.
[0078] The system 1000 can be configured to repeat the LED signaling, time of flight measurement process at any desired rate. In one embodiment, the process is repeated at a rate between 1 Hz and 10 KHz, or any range subsumed therein. In another embodiment, the rate may be between 100 Hz and 200 Hz. In another embodiment of the invention, the rate may be depend on the location of objects that may cause spurious reflections of compression waves that may be detected by system 1000. These effects may warrant a decrease in the rate. However, the rate must be high enough to sample the motion of the transponder.
[0079]FIG. 13 and 14 depict the directivity of exemplary ultrasound transducers used in a transponder and detectors in a position sensing system, respectively. The plots are done in relative scale and the location of maximum signal strength is at a 0 dB reference. It is noted that the higher the frequency of the ultrasound, the more quickly it attenuates in air. Additionally, since high frequency ultrasound waves have a shorter wavelength, they may be more useful in enabling more accurate determination of the location of the transponder by the system 1000. Therefore, there is a trade off between attenuation of the ultrasound wave and accuracy of location determination. Accordingly, ultrasound in the frequency range of 5 KHz to 500 KHz, or any subset subsumed therein, may be used.
[0080] It is noted that the speed of the propagation of the compression waves varies with temperature, humidity, altitude, and other factors. Such factors typically only cause a variation of less then +/12% in the speed of the wave propagation. Such an offset, along with other constant offsets, may be used to determine an absolute position of the transponder. However, if only relative position is required, such offsets may not be required. Application of the invention that require only relative position include handwriting detection, drawing, computer interface navigation, etc.
[0081] As depicted in the embodiment of the invention of FIG. 15, the directivity patterns of the transponder and compression wave detectors used in the system 1000 will affect the area over which this embodiment of the invention will be able to operate. As depicted in FIG. 15, the system 1000 will only operate if the transponder is within the area of overlap of the zones of acceptance of the two compression wave detectors.
[0082] As depicted in FIG. 16, the transponder must generate a signal that can be detected by compression wave detectors. Thus, the transponder must have a large enough directivity angle so that both detectors can be illuminated by the compression waves at once. If the transponder has a directivity of less than +/−90 degrees, there will be a dead spot between the two compression wave detectors, the size of which is related to one or more of the separations of the two compression wave detectors, the angle of acceptance of the two compression wave detectors, and the directivity of the device for generating compression waves. The dead spot can be reduced or eliminated by angling the two compression wave detectors toward each other so that their cones of acceptance overlap at any desired point or region; increasing the directivity angle of the transponder; and/or other techniques. In one embodiment, the separation between the compression wave detectors is 55 mm and the dead zone is about 80 to 140 mm.
[0083] Other factors that may determine the useful area overlap between the two compression wave detectors include user-related factors, such as user rotation of the transponder.
[0084] In an embodiment of the invention in which transponder 500 is used in conjunction with a position sensing system, such as system 1000, the position sensing system may send a data mode pulse to the transponder when the transponder is placed in a certain location. Alternatively, the position sensing system may send the data mode pulse upon receiving a command from a user or other device. For example, a user may make a purchase from a vending machine, which includes a position sensing system. Upon the user entering a purchase request (such as selecting the type of soda), the position sensing system would send a data mode pulse. Upon receipt of the financial data from the transponder, the position sensing system will process payment and the vending machine will release the soda to the user. The position sensing system or other device that receives the data may also check the data for accuracy using a checksum or other technique. A draw mode signal can then be sent to the transponder or the transponder may automatically return to draw mode after a pre-specified amount of time. If the data was not received correctly, the position sensing system can resend the data mode pulse to the transponder.
[0085]FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a digital ink generation system 1700 capable to generate digital ink based on data received from a position sensing system System 1700 may be a PDA, mobile phone, desktop computer, or any other device having a processor. Further, in another embodiment, the functions of system 1700 may be combined into a position sensing system, thereby eliminating the need for two processors. System 1700 comprises Input/Output ("I/O") interface 1710; processor 1028, display 1720; and memory 1730, all coupled together via system bus 1750. I/O 1710 couples system 1700 to a position sensing system, such as system 1000, via a connection, such as connection 1032. Memory 1730 may comprise a single read and write capable memory device, or it may comprise multiple memory devices including a Hard Drive, RAM, ROM and/or any other memory devices. Further, memory 1730 includes a digital ink generation engine 1740 capable to generate digital ink using triangulation algorithms based on data received from a position sensing system. Accordingly, any motions made by a transponder, such as transponder 130, will be reproduced exactly on display 1720 as digital ink and further may be stored in memory 1730. In another embodiment of the invention, memory 1730 may further include a character recognition engine capable to generate alphanumeric characters based on the digital ink.
[0086] Processor 1028 can include an Intel Pentium® processor or any other processor capable of executing engine 1740. Display 1720 displays characters generated by character generation engine 1740. In addition, system 1700 may comprise other devices (not shown), such as an input device that may comprise a keyboard, mouse, trackball, or other devices or any combination thereof.
[0087]FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for displaying digital ink on a display. In an embodiment of the invention, position sensing system 100 in core unction with digital ink generation system 1700, may perform method 1800. First, an electromagnetic pulse is emitted (1810) by, for example, EM source 120. Timer A 900 a and timer B 900 b are then started (1820). An ultrasound is then detected (1830) at a first detector, such as detector A 110 a, a corresponding timer, such as timer A 900 a, is stopped (1840). The ultrasound is then detected (1850) at a second detector, such as detector B 110 b, and a corresponding timer, such as timer B 900 b, is stopped (1860). The position of a transponder that emitted the ultrasound is then triangulated (1870) based on the known distance between detectors and time of flight of the ultrasound to the two detectors as measured by the timers. The position of the transponder, relative to the detectors, is then displayed (1880) on a display. The above-mentioned process is then repeated at regular intervals so as to display motion of the transponder on a display, i.e., to display digital ink.
[0088] The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is by way of example only, and other variations and modifications of the above-described embodiments and methods are possible in light of the foregoing teaching. For example, the transponder may emit an ultrasound pulse upon receipt of an EM signal that is not in the Infrared spectrum. Further, components of this invention may be implemented using a programmed general purpose digital computer, using application specific integrated circuits, or using a network of interconnected conventional components and circuits. Connections may be wired, wireless, modem, etc. The embodiments described herein are not intended to be exhaustive or limiting. The present invention is limited only by the following claims.
|Brevet cité
|Date de dépôt
|Date de publication
|4 mai 1936
|28 mars 1939
|American Box Board Co
|Titre non disponible
|Titre non disponible
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|Titre non disponible
|Brevet citant
|Date de dépôt
|Date de publication
|11 sept. 2002
|27 nov. 2007
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Pointer control method, pointing apparatus, and host apparatus therefor
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|16 juil. 2013
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|Mobile device incorporating projector and pen-location transcription system
|18 avr. 2008
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|Qualcomm Incorporated
|Voice and position localization
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|Sony International (Europe) GmbH
|Handheld device for navigating and displaying data
|2 janv. 2008
|21 oct. 2009
|Luidia Inc.
|Multiple styli annotation system
|18 avr. 2008
|28 nov. 2012
|Epos Development Ltd.
|Voice and position localization
|13 oct. 2004
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|Conante Advanced Interface Sol
|Handheld device for navigating and displaying data
|7 févr. 2011
|29 sept. 2011
|Measurement Specialties, Inc.
|Method and system for using light pulsed sequences to calibrate an encoder
|Classification aux États-Unis
|Classification internationale
|Classification coopérative
|Classification européenne
|22 juil. 2002
Owner name: INMOTION E-PEN LTD., ISRAEL
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BARON, EHUD;KORSENSKI, VICTOR;REEL/FRAME:013116/0969
Effective date: 20020531

subset: commoncrawl


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WFC Muay Thai 155 title fight watch video >>
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BCMMA#12 Main Event - Andy Young takes on Luis Gonzalez for the BCMMA Professional Flyweight Title. watch video >>
UFC 192 featured an amazing title fight between Daniel Cormier and Alexander Gustafsson for the UFC light heavyweight title. We'll recap their bout plus Rashad Evans vs. Ryan Bader, Julianna Pena vs. watch video >>
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Daniel Cormier speaks candidly after his light heavyweight title fight at UFC 192 against Alexander Gustafsson. watch video >>
UFC light heavyweight champion Daniel Cormier will make his first title defense on Saturday, October 3rd when he battles No. 2 contender Alexander "The Mauler" Gustafsson in the main event of UFC 192 watch video >>
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Ryan Bader continued to make his case for the No. 1 light heavyweight title contender on Saturday at UFC 192 after beating Rashad Evans by unanimous decision for his fifth straight win. watch video >>
On the eve of his title fight against Viktor Postol, Lucas Matthysse speaks on his family's championship pedigree in athletics. See Matthysse vs. Postol live Saturday, October 3 at 10:15PM only on HB watch video >>
Daniel Cormier defends his light heavyweight title for the first time when he faces Alexander Gustafsson in Houston, Texas at UFC 192. watch video >>


text:
Share your experience
Rosacea is a chronic condition characterized by facial erythema (redness). Pimples are sometimes included as part of the definition. ...Read on Wikipedia
Common Rosacea treatments discussed around the web
Accutane 5,401
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118,822 conversations around the web about Rosacea to help you make a decision
Rosacea and Mustard
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We found 45 discussions
ight, I awoke with severe heart burn or indigestion. I...
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/after pictures for your rosacea? I'd be curious to see ho...
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onal advice about your rosacea? If not, I feel this is...
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re than just my eyes and rosacea, it zaps my whole bo...
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r rosacea symptoms, basically exacerbating them, causing mo...
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sea mineral soap, \"Rosacea Cream\", both from the Merry...
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rom eating honey mustard sauce. \" brenda visser \" wro...
" ...flare now from eating honey mustard sauce. \" brenda visser \" wrote: original article:/group/rosacea-support/?start=14 517 I've noticed a substantial decrease in my facial itching and... "
see your rosacea return. That should convince you....
" ...green pepper, kale, lettuce, mushrooms, mustard greens, okra, onions, parsley, peppers, ...days to see if your rosacea improves. You will know if ...your diet to see your rosacea return. That should convince... "
y--my derm diagnosed me with rosacea after a 5 minute exam...
" ...for day 2 of my mustard mixture adventure: My face continues ...this a try--my derm diagnosed me with rosacea after a 5 minute exam and prescribed Oracea (300 bucks down the drain) and Metro gel.... "
have tried in controlling my rosacea. I ordered some C...
" Rosacea Support Community I met an interesting guy here a ...problem. He told me about mustard powder and it has been ...most effective things I have tried in controlling my rosacea. I ordered some Colmans... "
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text:
Duration: 01:48
Views: 898525
Date: 81 months ago
Tags: Cumshot
Uploader: Anonymous
Description: a selection of amazing cumshots
Duration: 01:48
Views: 898525
Date: 81 months ago
Tags: Cumshot
Uploader: Anonymous
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text:
If you haven't noticed these past few days, Microsoft and Xbox have gone bundle crazy with the Xbox One. It's madness! It really is. There are so many bundles this holiday season. Check this quote out below to find them all.
Project Spark goes from paid to free
This little gem of a game has probably gone unnoticed by many of you. But Project Spark is pretty darn cool. I wasn't a fan of the paid model but the way it promotes creativity is easily its best feature whether it be free or not. Well, as it turns out … it'll be free soon. I thought this was something worth mentioning.
Free Games in October, Games with Gold
Well October is upon us. And that means it's time to find out which games will be offered in the Games with Gold program on Xbox One and Xbox 360.
Halo 5: Guardians Limited Edition and Hardware
I don't think there are any words that need to be said. Not really. Just look at this video!
Minecraft: Story Mode coming in October
Where are all the builders? I'm still not sure how this game is as popular as it is but for those of you who enjoy it, you're about to get more content. This particular content isn't part of the actual Minecraft game. It's a spinoff from Telltale Games a la their Walking Dead series.
How and Why I Cut the Cord and Won
So over the last few months I've been building up to doing something that I had been wanting to do for a while. I called this little effort of mine Project Cord Cutting. Yes folks … I was preparing to "cut the cord" as they say. I didn't know what to expect because I was honestly a little hesitant to losing some of the TV programs that I loved. But then I said to myself … "hey self, these shows aren't that important to your life and there's always online viewing".


text:
Wet 'n' Wild Fergie Take on the Day Eyeshadow Primer
259 reviews
86% would repurchase
Package Quality: 4.3
Price: $$
Package Quality: 4.3
Price: $$
INGREDIENTSIsododecane, Talc, Cyclopentasiloxane, Trimethylsiloxysilicate, Disteardimonium Hectorite, Polyethylene, VP Eicosene Copolymer, Copolymer, Boron Nitride, Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate, Propylene Carbonate, Sorbitan Sesquioleate, Synthetic Beeswax, Pentaerythrityl Tetraisostearate, Methicone, Phenoxyethanol, Acrylates Copolymer, Magnesium Carbonate, Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Bisabolol, Sorbic Acid, Octyldodecanol Stearoyl Stearate, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Crithmum Maritimum Extract, dimethicon, Dimethiconol, Nelumbo Nucifera Stamen Extract, Bismuth Oxychloride (CI 77163), Iron Oxides CI 77491 CI77492 CI 77499, Titanium Dioxide Cl 77891
on 10/5/2015 5:27:00 AM
Age: 36-43
Skin: Dry, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Other, Other
Eyes: Hazel
this works incredibly to make your eye shadow last, just like it says. my issue is, the formula is not kind to mature skin. im 41 with pretty good skin, but my eyelids looked 20 years older after this dried and I applied eye shadow. it made my eyelids look crepey and ancient. I think a little goes a long way. I had to take everything off and start over. I know Angie ( hot and flashy on youtube )does a video on the best eye shadow primer for mature skin.
on 10/3/2015 5:18:00 AM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Oily, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Black, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
Best eyeshadow primer ever! Will definetely be re stocking. After literally scraping the barrel of my beloved Kat Von D primer, I realised i'd have to find another alternative because as much as I adore the Kat Von D primer, I needed something more affordable ( When you live in New Zealand, you pay heaps for her range and can only buy online) After two FAILED primers in a row (Get Set & E.L.F) I had almost given up on ever finding one that lives up to its purpose and especially doesn't crease!! That is until I discovered Fergie's Take On The Day primer.
I wear only bright eyeliners and eyeshadows so finding a primer that has staying power is a nescessity and this primer does more than that.
For $15 it is a small tube, but a little goes a long way when you only need a dab the size of a pin head. The pigmentation is kind of a nude tone when you squeeze it out but on application it dries clear and fast. Best of all it stays on 12 hours plus, in fact it can be a mission taking off my eyeshadow when I use the primer because it's staying power is impeccable. My only negative is that it works best with eyeshadow only as I find if used with eyeliner it tends to dry out the general eye area and can appear quite chalky and flaky ( not a great look with coloured eyeliner, so make sure your eyeliner can stand on its own without this primer) See my other reviews on LA Glide Gel liners which are what I wear)
on 9/30/2015 12:54:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Acne-prone, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
HG PRIMER! Oily lids? Look no further...this has got to be the closest dupe to Urban Decay Primer Potion (save those hard earned dollars, ladies and gents!).
Background: I've been using ELF primer (the 2 dollar one, also apparently called a dupe for UDPP) and it's just been so-so. It helped with pigmentation and to "stick" the pigment, but didn't combat the oiliness and subsequent creasing after a few hours.
The WNW Fergie primer, though, seriously STICKS your shadow on. I got home from work yesterday (10 hours) and the rest of my face had basically melted off ('scuse me, Arizona, you need to get some chill) but my eyeshadow/liner looked flawless. Almost eerily so. Looks like I'll need to find a better face primer to not look like a half hot mess.
The Details: It's about 5 dollars, but WNW always has buy one get one type sales, so it's really a steal! It's a squeeze bottle applicator, product goes on smoothly, isn't sticky at all, very matte and a nice cream color. Use this, followed by WNW Creme Brulee single shadow as a base. Then, follow with your fave eyeshadow palette (those WNW trios are fabulous, too)!
on 9/28/2015 3:25:00 PM
Age: 36-43
Skin: Other, Other, Not Sure
Hair: Other, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
HG great stuff my eye shadow stays put for 10+ hours not bad for wet n wild it's just as Good as urban decay primer potion and a lot cheaper
on 9/28/2015 2:17:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Very Oily, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Red, Wavy, Coarse
Eyes: Blue
This product delivers! I have ridiculously oily lids, as in there's no point in even wearing shadow without a primer because it will crease, melt, slide off, etc. I use a tiny amount and set it with some powder before I apply the shadow and my shadow doesn't budge until I decide to take it off at night. And for around $4, what more could I want out of an eye shadow primer?
on 9/14/2015 4:47:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Sensitive, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Other, Other
Eyes: Hazel
I have hooded, sometimes oily eyes that like to play games with me. My crease/transition shades would fade right after I put them on, the lid shade would eventually get patchy with clumps of oil, and I would need to blot my eyes. I've tried the UD primer potion, the ELF primer, Milani primer, the NYX waterproof primer, and none of them addressed these issues.
Cue buying this with little enthusiasm. I figured it was going to be another primer that was going to be used with little results. Well, I certainly was surprised. Just a teeny pin point of primer, spread on each eye up to my eyebrows, holds my eyeshadow for hours. I've used it with urban decay shadows, it cosmetics, wet n wild, too faced - it works for them all, much better than any of the other primers. My crease and transition shades stay put with minimal fading, if at all, and my lid shade stays in tact without having to be blotted. I've worn eyeshadow with this primer for over 8 hours with little change in the color payoff or texture of the shadows. I've worn this alone and with the NYX Stay Matte powder, and it works well either way. On days where I don't wear eyeshadow, I just through the powder on with this primer and then I don't get a visible crease of oil.
Downside - blend it quick! When this sucker sets, it isn't budging. My first time using it, I got some under my eye that I didn't blend in time, and it was stuck there all day. Took a baby wipe to it, eye makeup remover, water, to no avail. So do one eye at a time and take time to blend, otherwise it's going to be patchy and hard to remove to fix. Other than that, I adore this thing!
on 9/8/2015 10:13:00 PM
Age: 30-35
Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Blond, Other, Fine
Eyes: Brown
This eye primer does make eye makeup stay on longer, but it makes your eyelids incredibly dry. I would think in the long run, this would make your eyelids wrinkle and feels irritating.
on 8/8/2015 12:20:00 PM
Age: 56 & Over
Skin: Combination, Medium, Neutral
Hair: Silver, Straight, Fine
Eyes: Hazel
Best 4 dollars I ever spent! Keeps powder shadows on especially W&W's and does not make my eyelids itch. Covers very well. It is a sheer beige. Does not smell either. The only con is, it is a little hard to take off. Coconut oil takes care of that. I shake up the tube before applying 'cause if you don't, you get something oily first and then the thick cream comes out. Mine leaks alittle, so I store it up.
on 8/7/2015 10:31:00 AM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Normal, Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Black, Other, Other
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This is seriously amazing. for just $4 you got the quality as good as UD Eye Primer
on 7/31/2015 9:18:00 PM
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I bought this product because it got such great reviews. As far as delivering what it promises, this product is spot on! However, I had a horrible experience with it. I had a very bad allergic reaction to it. As soon as I put my eyeshadow on over the primer, I noticed a slight itchy feeling, but I passed it off and thought it would stop....so I went to work as usual. Three hours into my day, I had to leave work and go home because my eyes were itching, swelling and tearing so bad that I couldn't continue my job. Once home, I immediately cleaned my eyes with Ponds cold cream, and eventually the itching, swelling and tearing stopped. In all fairness, it is a great product, but not for anyone who has allergies, or is sensitive to eye cosmetics.
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Neighborhood Health Care locations to close
Updated: Thursday, December 19 2013, 03:35 PM EST
CINCINNATI (WKRC) -- A local group serving the health care needs of more than four thousand Tri-State patients is closing. Neighborhood Health Care didn't get a federal grant it needs to keep operating. So, it must close all of its locations by December 30th.
It runs community health centers in Walnut Hills, Norwood, Harrison and Downtown Cincinnati. The group hasn't announced if it will close immediately or wait until the 30th.
Local 12 will let you know if another group takes over operation of the centers.


text:
The Summer Game Academy is an intensive summer program designed to introduce passionate young game designers and developers to the methods and processes used by professional game makers throughout the world.
Led by Charles Palmer, executive director of CAELT, the program focuses on all aspects of the creative process from ideation to problem-solving to delivery. Students will develop skills and strategies to prepare them for a future in the digital media industry.
Students entering grades 9 through 12 wishing to expand their artistic or programming skills should attend this unique program. The Summer Game Academy is an immersive experience designed for high school students interested in video games, interactive simulations, new media and/or the digital arts.
Class size is limited to 12 for the Jul 23-Aug 4 session, which runs Mondays through Saturdays. Limited seats are available.
For more information on the academy, scholarships or to apply, call Charles Palmer at 717.901.5127 or email email@example.com. Details on schedule and cost are found at http://caelt4.harrisburgu.edu/


text:
Royalty Free Music Unique To Your Project - Every Time
Royalty Free Music — Unique To Your Project – Every Time
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The following tracks match: Wacky, Sprightly
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Zany from the album Maximum Action
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Video Game Wizard from the album Child's Play
The following tracks match: Sprightly
Irish JigWe're all familiar with 'the luck o' the Irish,' but this track really attests to their energy! These players go like a startled leprechaun, and they'll have you skipping to smooch the Blarney Stone before you can say, 'Beat the Bodhran!'https://www.smartsound.com/music/images/global.jpgSingle1811-ST$ 39.951811-EX$ 69.951811-W$ 149.95
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Thrills And Spills from the album Sunday Matinee
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Talkative from the album Jazz Synergy
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Russian Dance from the album Classical Favorites (PS22)
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Ragtime Spoof from the album Comical / Fun / Novelty (PS20)
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text:
Sometimes, it's just not fair.
It's not supposed to be, mind you. The Cubs aren't supposed to keep Mike Quade around, just because it's not fair that a guy who waited so long for a chance to manage in the big leagues got stuck with a bad team and a bad hand.
The Cubs are supposed to be starting in a new direction with their Theo Epstein/Jed Hoyer front office, and keeping Quade around for the final year of his contract only stalls that process. He's not the guy they want -- we know it, he knows it, the world knows it -- and moving on right now is absolutely the right thing to do.
Fair or not.
Take a moment, though to think about Mike Quade.
He's 54 years old. He managed 2,397 games over 17 minor-league seasons, in places like Macon, Rockford, Ottawa and Huntsville. He's a baseball lifer, and baseball lifers everywhere were thrilled when he got a chance with the Cubs.
But what kind of chance was it?
He had a flawed roster. He had a team that fought in the dugout four games into spring training. He had a general manager who found out at midseason that he was getting fired.
He had Carlos Zambrano, for heaven's sakes.
He lost 91 games, but I don't think anyone suggested that the Cubs would have done better if only they'd had a better manager.
I don't hear many suggesting that Quade was such a good manager that he should immediately get another job, either.
He'll get another job in baseball, that's for sure. His reputation is too good for him not to.
But this may well have been his one chance to manage in the big leagues.
He waited years for this chance, and they gave him the Cubs.
And now they've taken them away.
Blog Entry
Quade got one chance -- and it had to be the Cubs
Posted on: November 2, 2011 4:38 pm
Edited on: November 2, 2011 4:39 pm
Category: MLB
Tags: Cubs, Mike Quade
Since: Sep 19, 2008
Posted on: November 5, 2011 6:54 pm
Quade got one chance -- and it had to be the Cubs
Danny KnobJob looks like he should be in the everglades Gator hunting instead of talking baseball! Hey, i wonder if the new Deliverance movie will need him? He could play the part well!
Since: Jun 26, 2007
Posted on: November 5, 2011 4:06 pm
Quade got one chance -- and it had to be the Cubs
Quade proved he wasn't a MLB manager on opening day, when he worked Dempster for 119 pitches on a cold day, with a bullpen that obviously hadn't been overworked. I wonder if that had anything to do with Demp having a bad year?
Incompetent is a kind word to describe Quade's managing style. Knobler is way off base defending Quade, who's only gift was inventing grade-school nicknames for the players.
West Coast Guy
Since: Oct 26, 2006
Posted on: November 5, 2011 6:49 am
This comment has been removed.
Post Deleted by Administrator
Since: Jan 22, 2007
Posted on: November 4, 2011 7:25 pm
Quade got one chance -- and it had to be the Cubs
Quad is a nice guy but lacks the demeanor to be the Cubs rebuilder. His biggest mistakes, which suggest why he is the wrong guy, deal with how he dealt with the players. He played the vests... the STINKING vets. He sucked up to the vets; his nicknames in press conferences when they sucked and when they achieved was just a small symbolic sign he had his head up his a**. Demp didn't have it tonight, star had a bad game, sore was a little late getting to the ball, marm just needs to get his arm slot back. What? Demp was a dump, star was only a star when he paid attention (ADHD?), sore was sorry, and marm was a harm. These pet references were annoying at best. They showed he was catering to bull crap verteran egos instead of finding a way to challenege them to achieve their best. He mismanaged young talent who should have had opportunities once the club was out of contention. Quade also made dunderheaded moves as manaer, like pitching to Puhols twice in a series with the game on the line only to see him go deep BOTH NIGHTS. Even I know not to do that. He is NOT the guy to bring along a developing franchise with new guys coming up. He will only reinforce the absurd. I like the guy. I like his story. I wanted him to succeed, but he was turrible, as Barkely would say.
To have smart guys in suits, and a limited thinker in blue poinstripes is not what I envision for starting the new era of Cubs baseball. Quade will find a job, don't feel sorry for him and has a couple million in his pocket. But, Cubs nation deserves a better mind in the dugout. Had, Hendry been smarter and given Ryno a job, maybe a second year would be warranted, because we wouldn't have see the kind of crap we saw this year, but sadly its too late now.
Baseball gods: PLEASE bring us Maddon. or Francona, or even Maddux (along with his brother Greg as pitching coach). Please....
Since: May 25, 2007
Posted on: November 3, 2011 8:47 pm
Quade got one chance -- and it had to be the Cubs
Granted he had a very flawed roster, some very lazy players, but all you had to do was to watch a couple of games to realize Mike Quade was not ready to be a major league manager. For a man that spent so many years managing and supposedly developing young players, that was probably his biggest flaw. He bounced Castro up and down the lineup like a yoyo. He regulary threw young players under the bus. When he had the chance to play some of the young players when the season was over for the Cubs, he played Reed Johnson and Marlon Byrd instead. Nothing against either of these players, but you already know what you have with them.
I don't even want him in the organization for these very reasons. The focus is being said to develope the minor league system. With his handling of young players in this past season, why would you want him in your system?
Since: Jun 25, 2010
Posted on: November 3, 2011 10:34 am
Quade got one chance -- and it had to be the Cubs
Master Theo and his new GM, Jedi Hoyer, are simply doing a thourough housecleaning, getting rid of 105 years of stench, and Quade was just a part of the trash to be dicarded. Master Theo is trying to bring the Cubs into a new century and a new era and he wants nothing to do with the "Cubbie" past. He will clear out the lockerroom as quickly as the contracts allow him to. Expect at least a 60% turnover of the active roster this year and by 2013 that should reach 90%, with Castro and Garza being the only survivors of the purge. There is no way Theo would consider Ryne Sandberg or even Greg Maddox for his vision of the Cubs future - they are aligned with the Cubbie past that Master Theo is trying with all his "force" to eradicate. (OK, too many Star Wars references - but it kind of fits)
Since: Jan 7, 2010
Posted on: November 3, 2011 2:23 am
Quade got one chance -- and it had to be the Cubs
Buddy they usually give managers three years to get the job done if not more. Pinella was welcome to stay as long as he wanted but quit mid season. Now I agree people need more than a year to build a team, but no team with Quade would have been good. With the whole organization starting fresh they need a manager with experience. Quade was just a bad manager on a bad team. He pitched Marmol WAY to much, had a new lineup every day, put the wrong relievers in and mad bad subs. He just was not a good manager and nobody followed him in the clubhouse. It sucks he only got one year, but hey, he didn't show that he could be a good manager. You don't put a pitcher known for sometimes being eradic with his pitches on the mound a day after he threw 33 pitches and 21 pitches the day before that and then leave him on the mound after walking 4 consecutive batters, let him give up a Grand Slam and CONTINUE to leave him to get slapped around by the Astros. Quade is not a good manager on the major league level. He's a good guy, but this isn't the guy I want my favorite team to have handing in a lineup card 162 times a year.
Since: Mar 28, 2010
Posted on: November 3, 2011 2:09 am
Quade got one chance
I say let Quade stay at the big league level.?
Since: May 18, 2007
Posted on: November 2, 2011 11:44 pm
Quade got one chance -- and it had to be the Cubs
The real unfairness to the many baseball lifers toiling for decades in the minor leagues is not so much the Cubs firing Quade but rather the White Sox hiring Robin Ventura who had NO major or even minor league managerial experience. That is a slap in the face to every minor league manager, and especially those in the Sox' minor league system. Why ride busses, deal with immature young prospects, etc etc. if there is no hope of moving up to the major league team? It's sad.
Since: Oct 7, 2006
Posted on: November 2, 2011 11:32 pm
Quade got one chance -- and it had to be the Cubs
I love reading Knobler's articles. Not because he writes well. He stinks actually, and I read it as a set up for the comments. I never seen a writer with so many negative comments about his articles as consistant as Danny Knobler. He is everything a sports writer should not be, biased, sensitive, and unknowlegable. Often speaking of things he really becomes obviously unaware of, being often corrected by his readers multitudes of times. I would love to know how this man got the job. He must hold a ransom on somebody. He sucks!


text:
Am 26. September 2015 findet der Europäische Tag der Sprachen parallel in 47 Ländern statt. more
This year's prestigious Büchner Prize went to Austrian writer Josef Winkler. He talks to Paul Jandl about dung heaps, patriarchs, the fear of speechlessness and the elegance of John Paul II's coffin. Photo © Jerry Bauer / SV
read more


text:
Joy Carpets
Circus Elephant Parade Rug - Oval - 7' 8"W x 10' 9"L
SALE $324.75Weight: 39.00 pounds
reg. $344.95
reg. $344.95
Call 1-877-839-3330 for a shipping quote.Usually ships within 2 Weeks
Note: The picture is of a rectangular rug, but this rug is oval-shaped.
The Circus Elephant Parade Preschool Rug uses friendly elephants to display upper and lower case letters, while clowns hold balloons numbered one to ten. This school rug is a great way to build early alphabet and counting skills. Constructed of STAINMASTER® carpet fiber with an anti-soil and antimicrobial treatment, it will stay protected against everyday spills and germs. And with its SoftFlex™ backing system, it will withstand years of heavy use.
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- Shape: Oval
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text:
Search Our Site
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Reserve Best Sellers and Sneak Peeks of Books Being Published in April and May
Reserve Bestsellers and Sneak Peeks of Books Being Published in April and MayDownload or view April Fiction 2015 and April Non-Fiction 2015. Click on the links for the complete list with titles (in blue) linked to the Minuteman Library catalog. You may also pick up a complete list in the library and ask librarians to request them for you.
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Congratulations, Irene!
Irene Gotovich, Technical Services Technician at the Morrill Memorial Library was awarded the Massachusetts Paralibrarian of the Year Award at the Massachusetts Library Association Annual Conference on May 4, 2015 at the DCU Center in Worcester, Massachusetts. Along with this honor, Irene received complimentary memberships to both the Massachusetts Library Association and the American Library Association.
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Old Wives Tales in the Kitchen by Charlotte Canelli
Charlotte Canelli is the library director of the Morrill Memorial Library in Norwood, Massachusetts. Read Charlotte's column in the April 9, 2015 edition of the Norwood Transcript and Bulletin.
"Feed a fever, starve a cold." I can never remember the correct version of this advice when I actually have a cold or a fever. Am I supposed to feed the fever or the cold? When I'm sick and want a warm bowl of macaroni and cheese or a cold cup of sherbet, is this bad or is it good?
Guess what? It doesn't matter because that's not how the real old wives tale goes, anyway. (more…)
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Friends of the Library Book Sale This Weekend!
The Friends of the Library hold semi-annual book sales in November and May each year. Members of the Friends are invited to the Preview Event.
The Book Sale will be held on Saturday and Sunday, May 2-3. A special Preview Event will be held on Friday, May 1, 1:00 pm through 4:45 pm for all Friends of the Library. You may join that day.
The Book Sale continues on Saturday, May 2, from 9:00 am – 4:45 pm. A bag sale will be held on Sunday, May 3 from 2:00 pm – 4:45 pm.
Donations are always accepted all year long, but … please bring only books and paperbacks in good condition, non-fiction published within the last 5 years, recent best sellers, classic titles in excellent condition and materials about Norwood. Textbooks are accepted if they are in good condition.
Sorry, we cannot use books in worn, torn or poor condition, computer manuals, condensed books, magazines or books with outdated information. Please recycle these items in the town's curbside bins.
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text:
- Filed Under
Naples for the first time has landed a spot on TripAdvisor's Travelers' Choice Destination awards.
It's ranked No. 24 on the website's list of the top 25 U.S. destinations.
TripAdvisor.com lets travelers rate hotels, restaurants and attractions worldwide. This is the fifth consecutive year for this particular awards program. ...


text:
Wolf Wigo Lives Water Polo
UCSB men's coach competing at high level while attracting lower-income interest in sport. Read story.
Gaucho Soccer Beats UCLA
UCSB beats Bruins in Westwood for first time ever; plus, cross-country, marathon, and rowing. Read story.
Dons Win Big on Peabody Gridiron
Santa Barbara High football exerts offensive authority in 52-7 route of Channel Islands Raiders. Read story.
Barbara Nwaba's Heptathlon Hurdles
Determination powers UCSB grad; plus Pier-to-Peak, water polo, and more. Read story.
The Power of Santa Barbara's P3
Inside Marcus Elliott's Peak Performance Project, where pro sports stars train in the Funk Zone. Read story.
High School Football Preview 2015
We take a look at Santa Barbara, Bishop Diego, Carpinteria, San Marcos, and Dos Pueblos teams and big games. Read story.
John McCutcheon's Gaucho Dreams
Talking facilities and the future with UCSB's new athletic director. Read story.


text:
Do you need to burp your baby after every breast or formula feeding?
Do you burp your baby after every feeding?
Posted 12/06/2012
Posted 12/06/2012
Yes. My babies actually needed to be burped multiple times during each feeding.
Posted 12/06/2012
Multiple times a feeding or my dd would be up all night crying from gas.
Team Blue!!! April 18!
My kid eats paper, and I still think she's awesome!
Team Blue!!! April 18!
Posted 12/06/2012
When my son was younger, yes. By the time he was around 7 months he would burp on his own. He was breastfed
Momma to Caleb Ari- 10/15/2010 and Avery Isabel 4/11/2013
Posted 12/06/2012
Yeah and when their really new you need to burp them several times in one feeding. Unless you want your baby to be in pain from the gas.
LadyBug 6/5/2011
HoneyBee 4/2013
Posted 12/06/2012
^^^ yup!
Wife to Jordan since 08/19/06 and mummy to Jakub born 12/1/07 & Alexander born 4/19/13 Love my boys!
Posted 12/06/2012
Yes, in the beginning. After a while you will learn when you can taper off.
Boy 3/09, Identical Twin Girls Stillborn 9/11, MC 5/12, Rainbows: Boy 3/13, Girl 9/14
Posted 12/06/2012
Yep you do. I burped my daughter after every feeding and at random times if I thought she had tummy troubles until she was about 4 months old.
Posted 12/06/2012
Yes! It helps get the air out they swallow. If you don't they could become colicy or gasy and thats no fun
Posted 12/06/2012
My breast fed dd would burp herself midfeeding... she'd stop eating, pull away and burp, then nuzzle back in to eat
Your growing child
Your 29-month-old: A game of memory
What can a 2-year-old remember? More and more every day! Read More
Your 29-month-old: Beating the whines
Whining and how to handle it with your 2-year-old Read More
Your 30-month-old: Why regression happens
Why kids sometimes regress in skills they've already mastered Read More
Your 30-month-old: An eye for details
Your preschooler has an incredible eye and ear for details. Read More


text:
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This is a free PHP login script that allows users to log in and sign up for pages on your website. You can have unlimited members, page, groups and permission masks. The administration panel and group panel use AJAX for fast functionality.80 weekly downloads
OmegaT+ CAT Tools
A translation tools suite for Computer-Aided Translation / Computer-Assisted Translation (CAT). A translation processor with translation memory, machine translation and project support, bitext aligner/converter, TMX validator, and others.48 weekly downloads
WordPress Role Manager
"Role Manager" is a WordPress-Plugin for WordPress from 2.0.x up to 2.6.x. You need this Plugin to manage Roles and Capabilities at your WordPress-Blog.28 weekly downloads
Tudu Lists (a Spring application)
Tudu Lists is a J2EE application for managing todo lists. It's based on Spring 2.5, JPA/Hibernate and AJAX (using the DWR framework). It's a simple yet effective project management tool, and it is also often used as a sample Spring application.22 weekly downloads
Hide & Reveal
Composed of a Java steganographic library and GUI to use steganography. Primarily intended for research communities on security and steganography to implement new dissimulation and steganalysis algorithms. More information at www.hidereveal.org32 weekly downloads