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Genecology of Douglas Fir in Western Oregon and Washington
J. BRADLEY ST CLAIR1,*, NANCY L. MANDEL1and KENNETH W. VANCE-BORLAND2
1USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA and
2Oregon State University, Department of Forest Science, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
Received: 26 May 2005 Returned for revision: 10 August 2005 Accepted: 6 September 2005Published electronically: 24 October 2005
? Background and Aims Genecological knowledge is important for understanding evolutionary processes and for
managing genetic resources. Previous studies of coastal Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) have
been inconclusive with respect to geographical patterns of variation, due in part to limited sample intensity and
geographical and climatic representation. This study describes and maps patterns of genetic variation in adaptive
traits in coastal Douglas fir in western Oregon and Washington, USA.
? Methods Traits of growth, phenology and partitioning were measured in seedlings of 1338 parents from 1048
locations grown in common gardens.Relations between traits andenvironments of seed sources were explored using
regressions and canonical correlation analysis. Maps of genetic variation as related to the environment were
developed using a geographical information system (GIS).
? Key Results Populations differed considerably for adaptive traits, in particular for bud phenology and emergence.
Variation in bud-set, emergence and growth was strongly related to elevation and cool-season temperatures.
Variation in bud-burst and partitioning to stem diameter versus height was related to latitude and summer drought.
Seedlings from the east side of the Washington Cascades were considerably smaller, set bud later and burst bud
earlier than populations from the west side.
? Conclusions Winter temperatures and frost dates are of overriding importance to the adaptation of Douglas fir to
Pacific Northwest environments. Summer drought is of less importance. Maps generated using canonical correlation
analysis and GIS allow easy visualization of a complex array of traits as related to a complex array of environments.
The composite traits derived from canonical correlation analysis show two different patterns of variation associated
with different gradients of cool-season temperatures and summer drought. The difference in growth and phenology
between the westside and eastside Washington Cascades is hypothesized to be a consequence of the presence of
interior variety (P. menziessii var. glauca) on the eastside.
Key words: Pseudotsuga menziesii, genecology, geographical variation, adaptation, growth, phenology.
Describing and understanding the geographical structure of
genetic variation and its relation to environments are impor-
tant for understanding evolutionary processes and for man-
aging our heritage of genetic resources. Correlations
between genetic variation and environmental differences
amongseed sources suggest naturalselectionandadaptation
of genotypes to their environments, particularly when the
correlations make sense physiologically (Heslop-Harrison,
1964; Endler, 1986). Mapped genetic variation and an
understanding of natural genetic structure are used to
develop guidelines for seed movement in reforestation,
for managing breeding populations in advanced generation
breeding programmes, for evaluating conservation of gen-
etic resources, and for predicting and possibly mitigating
effects of climate change. Furthermore, knowledge of
geographical variation among populations of outcrossing,
undomesticated conifers may contribute substantially to
exploring the molecular basis of quantitatively inherited
adaptive traits through association genetics studies (Neale
and Savolainen, 2004).
Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is one of the most
ecologically and economically important trees in western
North America, and is planted as an exotic timber species in
Europe, New Zealand, Australia and Chile. It has one of the
widest natural ranges of any tree species, extending from
the Pacific Coast to the eastern slope of the Rocky
Mountains and from 19?N in Mexico to 55?N in western
Canada (Hermann and Lavender, 1990). Two varieties are
recognized: P. menziesii var. menziesii, called coastal
Douglas fir and found along the North American Pacific
Coast(California, Oregon,
Columbia), and P. menziesii var. glauca, called Rocky
Mountain or interior Douglas fir and found inland in the
mountains from British Columbia to central Mexico. Within
a region, Douglas fir can grow under a wide variety of
climatic conditions; in western Oregon and Washington,
it occurs from sea level to over 1700m.
Compared with many tree species, Douglas fir popula-
tions are generally regarded as being closelyadaptedtotheir
environments with relatively steep clines associated with
steep environmental gradients (Rehfeldt, 1994). Results
from nursery common garden studies with seedlings indi-
cate that genetic variation in growth, germination and bud
phenology follows a clinal pattern with steep clines mainly
occurring along elevational gradients, but also related to
aspect, slope, latitude, longitude and distance to the
ocean (Hermann and Lavender, 1968; Griffin and Ching,
1977; Campbell and Sorensen, 1978; Griffin, 1978;
Campbell, 1979, 1986; Rehfeldt, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1989;
Sorensen, 1983; Campbell and Sugano, 1993). Results after
25 years from a coastal Douglas fir provenance study,
Washington and British
* For correspondence. E-mail email@example.com
Annals of Botany 96: 1199–1214, 2005
doi:10.1093/aob/mci278, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org
Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company 2005
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however, seem to contradict the findings from seedling
genecology studies (White and Ching, 1985). Despite
significant differences among 14 provenances from a wide
geographical region planted at five sites from British
Columbia to California, the provenance by planting location
interaction was non-significant and small. Their study, how-
ever, suffers the same drawbacks of many provenance stud-
ies, namely a limited number of populations from a limited
number of source environments planted over a limited num-
ber of test sites. Small sample sizes make it difficult to study
the relationship between genetic variation and environmen-
tal differences where environmental gradients are complex
and highly heterogeneous, and extrapolation of results to a
wider range of environments is often not possible. Further-
more, seed for each population may have come from a large
area relative to areas within which considerable genetic
differentiation may occur (e.g. Campbell, 1979), resulting
in population buffering and a reduced likelihood offindinga
provenance-by-location interaction.
Results from field tests of tree improvement programmes
have also provided insight into the structure of genetic
variation of coastal Douglas fir. Stonecypher et al. (1996)
summarized genetic tests established on lands owned
by Weyerhaeuser Company in western Oregon and
Washington that were designed to explore questions of
that family-by-planting location interaction was small rel-
ative to family and planting location effects, and where
significant, was predominately the result of a few families.
Johnson (1997) considered genetic correlations among test
sites in six breeding zones in Oregon and concluded that
breedingzones were not particularly large giventhat site-to-
site genetic correlations were relatively strong and were
unrelated to the differences among sites in elevation, lati-
tude or longitude. In contrast to these results, Campbell
(1992), using a different analytical approach, found signifi-
cant family-by-site interaction in several breeding zones in
Oregon. Similarly, Silen and Mandel (1993) showed clinal
variation in height growth based on results from progeny
tests in two breeding zones in Oregon. All of these studies,
however, were designed with specific objectives of manag-
ing variation within tree improvement programmes, and,
therefore, were limited in geographical range and the
range of genotypes and environmental conditions sampled.
They were not designed to provide a systematic sample of
environmental conditions of seed sources and planting loca-
tionsacrossthe rangesofnaturalvariationineach toexplore
adequately the relationship between genetic variation and
The objectives of this study are: (1) to describe and map
patterns of genetic variation in coastal Douglas fir in west-
ern Oregon and Washington; and (2) to determine the envi-
ronmental factors that are most strongly related to genetic
variation in adaptive traits. The methodology for mapping
genetic variation relies on deriving a response surface in
which the response of a trait for a genotype from a source
location is a function of the environment at the location.
Environment is measured directly as climate or measured
indirectly by geographical or topographical variables.
Response surfaces are best modelled by sampling the
independent variables evenly across the range of interest.
This is accomplished by a systematic sample on a geo-
graphical grid with attention paid to sampling contrasting
elevations within the grid. Sample intensity depends upon
the environmental variation within a region. More samples
per area are required, for example, in the environmentally
heterogeneous westernNorthAmericaascomparedwith the
more homogeneous eastern or southern United States.
This approach to mapping genetic variation was developed
by Campbell (1979, 1986). His approach utilizes open-
pollinated seed from a single parent at most locations,
and duplicate samples at some locations in order to test
lack of fit of the models and to estimate family within-
types. His studies of coastal Douglas fir, however, were of
limited geographical range (Campbell, 1986; Campbell and
Sugano, 1993), and the models used geographical and topo-
graphical variables as surrogates for environments at source
locations. Climate models have since been developed that
provide reliable estimates of climate at each location
(Daly et al., 1994). Better climate data improve the models
of genetic variation as a function of the environments
at source locations, and provide greater insight into the
environmental factors that shape genetic structure through
natural selection. Furthermore, a larger geographical scale
is needed to explore the implications of climate change for
adaptation of Douglas fir to future climates. This study
considers genetic variation of growth and adaptive traits
as a function of environments over the whole range of
coastal Douglas fir in western Oregon and Washington
using a sampling strategy that is both extensive and inten-
sive. A geographical information system (GIS) is used to
display the response surface as a map of genetic variation.
Sampling from natural populations
Wind-pollinated seed was collected from 1338 parent trees
of Douglas Fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var.
menziesii] in naturally regenerated stands at 1048 locations
in western Oregon and Washington (Fig. 1). Most of the
seed was obtained from previous collections of the USDA
Forest Service, USDI Bureau of Land Management, Oregon
Department of Forestry and Northwest Tree Improvement
Cooperative. In 1993 and 1995, seed was collected from an
additional 231 parents to cover areas not sampled by the
other collections. The range of coastal Douglas fir in west-
ern Oregon and Washington was well sampled, although
sampling intensity was lower along the Washington coast
and in urban and agricultural areas around Puget Sound and
Willamette Valley. At 291 locations (28%), cones were
collected from two parent trees from the same elevation
and aspect, but separated by at least 100m. These paired
samples were used to estimate average variance among
families within locations and to test lack of fit to our gene-
cological models.
The environments of seed source locations were charac-
terized using geographical, topographical and climatic data.
The geographical and topographical data were obtained
St Clair et al. — Genecology of Douglas Fir
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from GIS coverages using a 90-m digital elevation model
(DEM). Variables included latitude, longitude, linear dis-
tancetothe sea,elevation, slope,aspect andsunexposure on
21 March (an integrative function of latitude, aspect, slope
and local topography). Climatic data were obtained from
GIS coveragesgenerated
Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model), a
statistical–geographical model in which climate parameters
are predicted for 4 · 4km grid cells using localized regres-
sion equations of climate as a function of elevation with
greater weight given to climate data from nearby weather
stations of similar elevation and topographical position
(Daly et al., 1994; see www.ocs.orst.edu/prism/prism_new.
html). PRISM has been used extensively to map precipita-
tion and temperature in the United States, Canada and other
countries, and is particularly well suited to mountainous
from PRISM (Parameter-
terrain. Climate data are based on the averages for the
years 1961–1990. Climate values at specific parent tree
locations are determined as distance-weighted averages
of the four nearest grid cells using the LATTICESPOT
function with the bilinear interpolation option in ARC/
INFO. Climate variables included monthly, seasonal and
annual averages for minimum and maximum temperature,
precipitation, daily temperature fluctuation and aridity
(a ratio of precipitation to temperature); dates of 50%
probability of last spring frost and first autumn frost;
frost-free period; and seasonal ranges in temperature and
Common garden procedures
Breeding values of parent trees were estimated by grow-
ing seedlings in a common garden. Seeds were stratified at
3?C for approximately 60 d before sowing in April in raised
nursery beds in Corvallis, Oregon. To evaluate a large num-
ber of parent trees, tests were established in three successive
years (1994–1996) using different sets of families. Because
it was not possible to assign families to sowing years such
that sowing years contained an equivalent sampling across
the study area, 66 families from 50 well-distributed loca-
tions were includedin all three sowing years. These families
served as a genetic checklot to allow for adjustment of year
effects (White and Hodges, 1989; Rehfeldt, 1989). Each
year families were randomly assigned to five-tree row
plots (12cm between rows and 7cm between seedlings)
in each of four raised beds with each bed treated as a
block. In order to evaluate differences in rate of emergence,
four seeds were sown per position for a total of 20 seeds per
plot; seedlings were later systematically thinned to one per
Seedlings were grown for 2 years during which they were
measured for traits of emergence, bud phenology, growth
and partitioning (Table 1). Mean rate and standard deviation
of the rates of emergence were determined following pro-
cedures given in Campbell and Sorensen (1979) based on
the cumulative number of seedlings out of 20 that emerged
in a plot. Height and bud-set were measured at the end of the
first growing season. Bud-set was measured weekly as the
number of days since 1 January that terminal bud scales
were firstvisiblefollowinganysecondflushes.Atthe begin-
ning of the second growing season, bud-burst was measured
twice a week as the number of days since 1 January that
green needles were first visible emerging from the terminal
bud. At the end of the second growing season, bud-set was
again measured. Whole seedlings were harvested by care-
fully excavating the soil from around the roots. Seedlings
were measured for stem diameter (1cm above the root
collar), height from root collar to terminal bud, height to
the bud-scar resulting from second flushing and length of
the longest root. Dry weights of shoots and roots were
determined after drying the seedlings at 80?C for 24h.
To avoid problems with families from different regions
being tested in different years, year-to-year environmental
differences were removed from the data by standardizing
25 50100
Elevation (m)
Over 2250
FI G. 1. Study area and locations of parents (grey dots).
St Clair et al. — Genecology of Douglas Fir
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plot means such that the means and standard deviations for
the checklot were equal across years. Analyses of variance
and genetic correlations among years using just the data
from the checklot families indicated that locations and
families-within-locations did not show a differential
response to years; location-by-year and family-by-year
interactions were not significant and genetic correlations
between years were high for all traits and approached
one for many traits.
For each trait, components of variance were estimated
using the model:
Yijkl= m + R Y
ð Þij+ Lk+ F L
ð Þkl+ eijkl
whereYijklisthe plotmeanperformance ofthe lthfamily (F)
from the kth source location (L) in the jth replication (R)
sown in the ith year (Y), m is the overall experimental mean,
and e is the experimental error consisting of the pooled
interactions of both sources and families by replications.
Year effects have been removed by the standardizing pro-
cedure described above and are not included in the model.
Source locations and families were treated as random
effects. Location differences were tested using families
within locations as the error term, and family differences
were tested against the experimental error term. Random
effects were tested using PROC GLM of the SAS statistical
package (SAS Institute Inc., 1999). Variance components
were obtained using PROC MIXED.
Relationships between traits and environments at source
locations were investigated by correlation, regression and
canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Individual traits were
regressed on environmental variables using the RSQUARE
model-selection method in SAS (SAS Institute Inc., 1999).
Individual traits and environmental variables were com-
bined into a few uncorrelated traits and uncorrelated envi-
ronmental variables using CCA. CCA determines pairs of
linear combinations, termed canonical variables, from two
sets of original variables, in this case traits and environ-
ments, such that the correlation between canonical variables
is maximized and subsequent pairs are uncorrelated with
previously derived linear combinations (Cooley and
Lohnes, 1971; Mardia et al., 1979). It is essentially an
extension of multiple regression in which both dependent
and independent variables are linear combinations of the
original variables. CCA was performed between traits and
all geographical, topographical and climatic variables
(71 variables) using the CANCORR procedure in SAS.
The number of environmental variables was then reduced
to avoid including highly correlated, redundant variables by
using multiple regression (R-square selection method of the
PROC REG procedure in SAS) to determine which vari-
ables contributed the most to explaining variation in the first
few canonical variables for traits, keeping those variables,
and re-running the CCA. Different models were judged
based on canonical redundancy analysis, in which redun-
dancy measures the total variation explained and is defined
as the product of the proportion of variance extracted by a
given linear combination and the proportion of variance
shared between pairs of linear combinations (i.e. the square
of the canonical correlation) (Cooley and Lohnes, 1971).
The criterion for adding an additional variable to the
model was an improvement in the redundancy value of at
least 0?5%.
After performing the analysis using all families from all
locations, we determined from graphs and residuals from
the models that parents from the eastside Washington
Cascades were related to the environment differently
than other sources, and the difference across the Cascade
crest (above 46?5?N) appeared discontinuous (i.e. ecotypic
rather than clinal). Because of the discontinuous nature of
the variation, we excluded parents from the eastside
Washington Cascades from the model developed for the
rest of the region; the final model utilized 1256 parents
from 985 sources. All steps in the analysis described
above were repeated. Differences in the relationships of
traits and environments between the eastside and westside
Washington Cascades were explored with regressions and
Modelsoftraitsasrelated toenvironmentswere tested for
lack of fitusingvariation among familieswithin locationsas
pure error (Neter and Wasserman, 1974). Lack of fit is
caused by location variation that is not explained by the
TABLE 1. Description of measured and derived traits
TraitAbbreviation DescriptionUnits
Shoot weight
Root weight
Total weight
First-year height
Second-year height
Height increment
Second-year stem diameter
Root length
Root:shoot ratio
First-year bud-set
Second-year bud-set
Second-year bud-burst
Rate of emergence
Propensity to second flush
Length of second flush
Dry weight after 2 years
Dry weight after 2 years
Sum of shoot and root weight
From root collar to base of terminal bud
From root collar to base of terminal bud
Second-year height minus first-year height
At 1 cm above root collar after 2 years
From root collar to tip of longest root
Ratio of dry weights after 2 years
Ratio of second-year diameter to second-year height
First visible terminal-bud scales at end of first growing season
First visible terminal-bud scales at end of second growing season
First green needles from terminal bud
Cumulative number of seedlings emerged in a plot on a probit scale
Proportion of 2-year seedlings with lammas growth of terminal leader
Distance from visible bud scar to base of terminal bud
g g?1
mm cm?1
days since 1 January
days since 1 January
days since 1 January
probits d?1
St Clair et al. — Genecology of Douglas Fir
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selected model. Significant lack of fit may be due to unac-
counted site factors, such as soils, biotic interactions or
microclimate, to non-uniform patterns of gene flow, or to
local patterns of variation that differ from the broad-scale,
overall pattern of variation.
We also considered the approach taken by Campbell
(1979, 1986) and others in subsequent studies in which
principal component analysis was first performed on the
set of traits followed by multiple regression of factor scores
on the environmental variables. Results from the principal
component approach were similar to those of the canonical
correlations approach, and are not presented (see also
Wartenberg, 1985). CCA was preferred because maximiz-
ing the correlation between traits and environments is of
primary interest in genecology studies.
Mapping procedures
After a final set of traits and environmental variables was
selected using CCA, we regressed the canonical scores for
traits on the set of environmental variables to generate a
predictive model of canonical scores for traits. Regression
equations of canonical scores for traits, as well as regression
equations of individual traits, were used to map genetic
variation as a function of the environment at each grid
cell in a GIS using grid algebra functions in ARC/INFO.
We resampled 90-m elevation and 4-km climate data to a
common 1 · 1km grid cell size using the ARC/INFO
RESAMPLE function with the bilinear interpolation option.
Areas above 1700m are not included because Douglas fir
rarely occurs above that elevation. A contour interval was
selected for the genetic maps that corresponds to a level of
risk of maladaptation of 30%. Risk of maladaptation is
defined as the difference between the frequency distribu-
tions for additive genetic variances of a population of seed-
lings at a source location and a population of seedlings
native to the planting site (described in Campbell, 1986).
Thus, if seedlings were transferred a distance of one contour
interval on the genetic map, 30% of the seedlings might be
expected to be at risk of poor growth and survival relative to
the native population. This approach assumes that the native
population is optimally adapted to the local environment.
Although this assumption may not be strictly true, risk of
maladaptation is nevertheless a valuable metric of popula-
tion differentiation that takes into account mean differences
as well as within-population variation. A risk of maladap-
tation of 30% is assumed to be an acceptable level of risk
for a single trait (Sorensen, 1992).
The derived genetic map describes the overall pattern of
genetic variation as predicted by the environment. Actual
genetic variation may differ from the predicted variation
owing to sampling error, genetic drift, gene flow from adja-
cent populations, or different, smaller-scale local environ-
mental factors determining natural selection. Local patterns
of genetic variation were explored by looking at geographi-
cal patterns of residuals from the overall model. Residuals
were determined for each source location and mapped using
a kriging function in ARC/INFO. Kriging is a geostatistical
procedure that generates a surface of estimated values from
a scattered set of points using spatial autocorrelation
(Cressie, 1991).
Genetic variation among locations and among
families within locations
Analyses of variance indicated that differences among
families-within-seed source locations were highly signifi-
cant (P < 0?001) for all traits, and differences among loca-
tions were highly significant for all traits except root length
(RTLG; P = 0?05), propensity to second flush (FLUSH;
P = 0?04) and length of second flushes (FLLG; P = 0?11)
(Table 2). The percentage of variation accounted for by
differences among locations and families-within-locations
differed among traits (Table 2). Rate of emergence (EM),
bud-burst (BB2) and first-year bud-set (BS1) had particu-
larly high percentages of location variation. By contrast,
second flushing traits (FLUSH, FLLG), root length
(RTLG) and partitioning to roots versus shoots (RTSH)
had low percentages of both location and families-within-
location variation. Growth and size traits exhibited an inter-
mediate level of variation among locations and among
Relationship between traits and the environments of
seed sources
Results from CCA indicate that traits measured in the
common garden study were strongly related to the environ-
ment of the seed source. The canonical correlation between
the first pair of canonical variables was 0?82 (R2= 0?68) and
between the second pair was 0?70 (R2= 0?50) (Table 3).
Canonical redundancy analysis indicated that the first two
canonical correlations accounted for 20 and 7% of the total
variation in the trait data, respectively, whereas subsequent
correlations accounted for 1% or less of the variation
(Table 3). For this reason, we considered only the first
two pairs of composite traits and environments in subse-
quent analyses.
Eleven trait variables were included in the canonical
variables for traits; root length and second flushing traits
were excluded from the analysis because of low variation
among locations. Correlations between the canonical vari-
ables for traits and the original trait variables indicated that
higher values for the first canonical variable for traits
(TRAIT1) were related to vigour, i.e. later bud-set, faster
emergence, larger seedling sizes and increased partitioning
to shoots versus roots (Table 4). Higher values for the
second canonical variable for traits (TRAIT2) were related
to earlier bud-burst and greater partitioning to second-year
diameter versus height. Nine environmental variables were
included in the canonical variables for environment, as well
as the corresponding regression models (Table 5). Including
all 71 environmental variables only marginally improved
the proportion of variance explained (from 0?202 to 0?214
for the first pair of canonical variables and from 0?073 to
0?089 for the second pair).
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Home › Forums › Governmental Forums › Elections › Candidates – Minister of Sound
This topic contains 26 replies, has 1 voice, and was last updated by Mousequeso 6 years, 7 months ago.
Minister of Sound (currently chosen1)- is in charge of maintaining and improving the brickfilms sound library. He or she will be the primary sound library curator, with the ability to add other curators to help if needed.
If you would like to run for this position, declare your intention to do so in this thread by nominating yourself.
If you support someone who has nominated themself in this thread, you can second them. Any person who nominates themself and receives 4 seconds will be added as a candidate in the election.
You may second only one person per position. If you nominate yourself, you may not second anyone. In other words, there should only be at most one post from each person in this thread.
Up to this point:
(you're probably reading this one first, but this one was the last one I did – and yes, I do have too much spare time… )
Watson nominates himself and is seconded by CometGreen.
MindGame nominates himself and has 4 second's – is now a candidate.
(seconded by LotL, Nick, Squash and Aled)
Amped nominates himself and is seconded by Smeagol.
Tim nominates himself and is awaiting seconds.
I, An Old Ore, abstain from making a second at this time.
(Normally a person not making a second would not make a post but since I was making tallies I figured I'd mention my non-seconding in the one post.)
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Epic Sports
Adidas Adult Malice 2 Padded Football Gloves [E73161]


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The Bulldogs were off to a hot start in their season opener, but Ingomar did not back down, keeping up with New Albany until the final frame of the 'Dawgs 68-58 win Monday night. New Albany raced to a 22-13 lead after the first, led by Tadarius Coburn's eight points. The Bulldogs fell cold in […]
Birth of Dawson Sanford Horn
Drew and Mallory Horn of New Albany proudly announce the birth of their son, Dawson Sanford Horn. He was born on September 21, 2010, at 10:24 A.M. at North Mississippi Medical Center. He weighed 8 pounds 15 ounces and was 19 1/2 inches in length. Dawson is the grandson of Larry and Janie Sanford of […]
Birthday of Kayla Michelle Shaffer
Kayla Michelle Shaffer celebrated her third birthday on August 21, 2010 with family, friends, and special guest, Chick-Fil-A cow. Her actual birthday is August 18th. The party took place at Chick-Fil-A in Oxford and the theme was Little Mermaid Ariel. Kayla is the daughter of Bro. Don and Christy Shaffer of Batesville, Miss. She has […]
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No more Howard, mmmkay?
... Oh you're a beautiful girl, you're the most beautiful girl in the world" and blahblahblah. I'm not gonna say he was fondling the poor thing, but it might has well have been. I wanted to barf all over the leather interior of the new BMW.
"Howard she's terrified," I said as the baby started crying, and then he gave the baby back. He thought it was due to his unshaved face and I rolled my eyes, got out of the car and ran onto the train. Glad it was all over.
Raise the Red Lantern movie location!
... more polite and thoughtful) just in case she needed to know there could be a better life than this.
This guy was so arrogant and he also had a brain tumor, seriously, which may or may not have affected his judgment.
After some extremely awkward conversation, Amy suggested we go for a walk along the river to see the lights. There was a giant illuminated dragon floating on the water for no apparent reason, but it was cool anyway.
A Little Village - Dayu
... t think they had seen a campervan before. As word got around more and more people came to see us and look inside our vans. One young man spoke really good English and said he wanted to be a school teacher. He showed us some of the abandoned parts of the town including some cliffs that had been hollowed out. We were also invited to look into one of the enclosed yards.
Zàijiàn Taiyuan...
... chance to be a stronger, wiser, kinder more dedicated person.
And I can happily say I have grown into all of those and more! Not only as an individual but as a spouse, I have learned and will continue to learn the true meaning of fortitude.
Thank-you Readers for following us along this journey! The learning and growing never stops with us! Now get ready for some crazy adventure blogs!
First stop: HK!
This too shall pass
This week we have experienced nothing but growing pains.
Feeling the full intensity of working for another company we have yet again found ourselves struggling with the way things work. It has been a very difficult time for us this week, and yet we have managed to come out on top! More bricks thrown us, more money unjustifiably taken from us, and more miscommunication and frustration. But I have come to learn that somethings ...


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Saturday, December 06, 2008
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Zee's Ghar Ki Lakshmi Betiyaan will have twists galore in the upcoming episodes. In addition to Romit's character turning grey, there is a new entrant in the show who has come to marry one of the daughters of the Garodia family. And the actor playing the role is Yash Pandit of Balaji camp.
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Sports of the Times; Tiger Should Give Strokes to Other Pros
By DAVE ANDERSON
Published: July 24, 2000
ST. ANDREWS, Scotland— IN golf, a handicap is the great equalizer. It enables anybody to play against anybody else, even Tiger Woods, on theoretically even terms. If you have a 15 handicap and shoot 87, your net score would be 72, which is even par at most courses. But that's only if you're an amateur.
If you're a pro, you compete without a handicap, or belly to belly, as Ben Hogan once told a young pro. In golf, a pro is a pro is a pro.
But as Tiger Woods keeps proving, all pros are not created equal and maybe it's time to establish the Tiger Handicap Equalizer system, by which the other pros would get a few strokes from him, at least in the four major tournaments.
When Woods walked off the 18th green of the hallowed Old Course in the Royal Burgh of St. Andrews yesterday, he had won the 129th British Open by eight strokes. He won last month's United States Open at Pebble Beach by a record 15 strokes.
With the 1997 Masters and last year's Professional Golfers Association Championship already stashed away, he joined Jack Nicklaus, Ben Hogan, Gary Player and Gene Sarazen as the only golfers with a career Grand Slam of the four majors.
And at 24, Woods is the youngest to do it; Nicklaus was 26 when he completed his slam by winning the British Open at Muirfield in 1966.
Woods also joined Bobby Jones, Tom Watson, Lee Trevino, Hogan and Sarazen as the only golfers to have won both Opens in the same year.
For him to be in such fancy company at such a young age is all the more reason to establish the Tiger Handicap Equalizer system in the majors. Give the other top 50 pros in the world four strokes over 72 holes, the next 50 six strokes and the others eight strokes.
That formula would still not have been enough for anybody else to win (or even force a playoff) in the British Open or the United States Open, but at least it would provide the other pros with some hope -- an element that Woods has seemed to have all but destroyed in other pros.
Before this British Open began, the Scots warned that the bunkers, of which the Old Course has 112, lurked for Woods. But he was never in a bunker in four rounds.
''Bunker,'' he said when told that some thought he had been in a bunker on the seventh hole on Friday. ''I was in a bunker every day -- on the practice range.''
But as dazzling as Woods's talent and work ethic on the range are, he is believed to be the first golfer to prepare so studiously for tournaments, especially the majors. Before this British Open, he studied videotapes of previous British Opens and Dunhill Cup matches at the Old Course going back to the 1960's.
When Woods had an afternoon tee time here, as he did Friday, Saturday and yesterday, he spent the morning watching the BBC telecast in his suite in the Old Course Hotel overlooking the 17th hole.
''It gives you an understanding of how the golf course is playing,'' he said. ''How the fairways are receiving the shots, how the greens are receiving the shots, what spin you need to come in with -- overspin, backspin. Some of the pin locations are a little different than we're used to seeing, so it's neat to take a look at the shots and how the green is receiving them.''
Before arriving here, Woods viewed St. Andrews videotapes at the Golf Channel studios in Orlando, Fla., and in his villa in the nearby gated Isleworth area, with the emphasis on worth. He also owns two Isleworth lots where he plans to build a more spacious home.
''He wants to build that home with prize money that he's earned on the golf course -- not with any of the money from any of his sponsors or endorsement contracts,'' said Bev Norwood, one of his International Management Group business advisers. ''It's important to him to build that home with prize money that he's earned.''
Woods could start building that home any time. He has already earned about $20 million worldwide in less than four years as a pro.
In winning the British Open at St. Andrews, Woods also joined the other Americans to have won it here, going back to Jones in 1927, Denny Shute in 1933, Sam Snead in 1946, Tony Lema in 1964, Nicklaus in 1970 and 1978 and John Daly in 1995. When Snead, at 88 the oldest living British Open winner, was here early last week for a reunion of past champions, he remembered playing two holes with a little boy named Tiger Woods, who also remembered it in detail.
''I was 5 or 6, we played at Calabasas Country Club,'' recalled Woods, who grew up in Cypress, Calif. ''He was playing an exhibition where he had a new group of playing partners every two holes. I got a chance to play with him the last two.
''I couldn't carry this little par 3 with a creek in front. I was trying to bounce it on the cart path and through the creek. I missed it. My dad says I missed by a few yards to the right. It rolled into the creek, a rocky creek. I got in there to play it. The ball was sitting up. From behind me, Sam yells, 'What are you doing?'
''I look around, look dumbfounded. I'm going to hit the shot. He says: 'Just pick it up and drop it. Let's go on.' I didn't like that very much. I remember looking at my ball and saying: 'I've got to hit it. I don't want to drop. That's a penalty.' So I hit a 7-iron out onto the green, all wet, two-putted, got my bogey and bogeyed the last.
''I made bogey, bogey and Sam beat me by two -- par, par.''
But that was when Tiger Woods needed to have a handicap. Now all the other pros do.
Photo: David Duval needed four shots to get out of the bunker on the 17th yesterday. He had a quadruple-bogey. (Agence France-Presse)


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Most likely this doesn't account entirely for his massive BABIP, but the fact that he's hitting to all fields a little more, I'm sure played a role in his BABIP increase. Where do you get this data?
Comment by Bobby Boden — January 2, 2010 @ 10:37 am
The batted ball data is from Baseball-Reference
Comment by David Golebiewski — January 2, 2010 @ 12:10 pm
I'm not sure I agree with the snippet that Citi Field took away 7 XBH, 1 error and 1 out. Unless you meant 1 XBH, 1 E, and 7 outs. he only had 17 2B/3B's at home so if you took 7 of them away he would have only had 10 non-HR XBH's.
It also doesn't explain why he wasn't hitting HR's on the road. But at least he had XBH's on the road.
Comment by Kirk — January 3, 2010 @ 5:01 am
That's what Rybarczyk's article suggests. I don't want to reproduce it here, but he concludes that 5 doubles, 2 triples, 1 single and 1 fly out in Citi would have been out of the park at Shea.
Comment by David Golebiewski — January 3, 2010 @ 5:10 am
The problem isn't that it turns the doubles into HR's, it's that Wright would still only have 22 XBH's at home.
Comment by Kirk — January 3, 2010 @ 10:00 am
I'm not sure what the issue is. Five doubles, two triples, one single, one out= 17 total bases.
9 HR= 36 total bases.
Wright had 239 total bases in 535 AB, for a .447 SLG%. If he had 9 HR(36 bases) instead of those 17 total bases, he would have had 19 more total bases (36 minus 17). 239+19= 258 total bases. 258 total bases in 535 AB comes to a .482 slugging percentage.
Comment by David Golebiewski — January 3, 2010 @ 10:21 am
The issue is that he would still only have 22 XBH which is way below his avg and does nothing to dispel the notion that he had a 'wacky' year. Or that he only hit 5Hr's on the road.
Unrelated to this I'm hesitant to just magically say that a flyball would have been a HR in Shea. But I couldn't find the article you referred to.
Comment by Kirk — January 3, 2010 @ 10:48 am
Oh yeah, I understand where you're coming from. His power was down in 2009, regardless. But I think there's a pretty good chance that he bounces back toward those career norms. We have one oddball season mixed in with four very similar, high-power seasons. I don't think that he suddenly lost the ability to drive the ball.
Comment by David Golebiewski — January 3, 2010 @ 10:51 am
Who to rank higher, Wright or Reynolds??
Comment by Jimbo — January 3, 2010 @ 11:06 am
This is complete garbage, you sir are a sorry excuse for a blogger. Ive blogged better stuff on the toilet, and besides the mets are terrible and so are you. A real team is the oakland athletics because they totally rule, just like me and O'Doyle from Billy Madison.
Comment by Max Reid — January 3, 2010 @ 8:39 pm
That is for Patrick fllod
Comment by Max Reid — January 3, 2010 @ 8:43 pm
The "experts" over at ESPN and another site still think Wright should be a 1st rounder in mixed leagues and I don't see it. Going from 33 HRs and 124 RBIs to 10-72 is a huge dropoff. I say he's a 3rd rounder at the earliest.
Comment by ray — January 3, 2010 @ 9:01 pm
I don't like getting into how much ballpark factors play into a guys stats. Too many varibles. How many bloop doubles down the lines did Wright get because OF's were playing 2 steps into the alleys? How many HR's does D. Lee lose or gain because the wind is blowing in or out at Wrigley?
Comment by Dr. Logic — January 3, 2010 @ 10:07 pm
I agree, these are very good questions, Dr. Logic. However, we don't currently have any way of measuring them until we see widespread adoption of GameFX. We DO, however, have a pretty darn good method to adjust a player's line based on general ballpark trends (which have all that hidden, currently-unmeasurable stuff as inputs). So while we can't adjust for things perfectly, we do know a few things about each ballpark. Or are you uncomfortable saying that Adrian Gonzalez would have significantly better numbers if he didn't play half his games in Petco?
Look, it's not perfect. But statistical analyses aren't perfect, unless you're Mendel and cheat on your data. So we do the best we can, then at the end of the year you honestly assess your processes.
It's a hell of a lot better than saying what you seem to be: because we cannot measure everything perfectly, we shouldn't bother with analyses.
Comment by Travis L — January 4, 2010 @ 1:27 pm
Folks, I think Max Reed was joking/making fun of real trolls on this site.
Comment by Dudley — January 4, 2010 @ 1:44 pm
All of these points would be valid if David Wright was a robot or a walking Strat-O-Matic card. Unfortunately he's a living breathing thinking human being, who changed his ENTIRE approach at the plate because of the ridiculously enormous dimensions of his new home park. Subsequently he became a shadow of his former self, and is now a singles-hitting strikeout machine. For designing and building a ballpark that wrecked the psyche of their best homegrown every-day player EVER, the Wilpons deserve the "A-Holes Of The Millenium" award.
Comment by Paulie Cee — January 30, 2010 @ 1:55 pm
Would I be insane to draft David Wright with the 5th overall pick? It's a 10-team
mixed h2h points league. Longoria (3rd round), Zimmerman (6), Reynolds (18), Youkilis
(10), Sandoval (18), and Figgins (17) are all likely to be kept. ARod won't fall
to me and I don't know if I can count on Wright being there with my 2nd pick, meaning
the pickings are going to be pretty slim at 3B. Wright was the top scoring hitter
in my league 2 years ago. Would I be foolish to pass on the likes of Braun, Fielder,
and Utley to take Wright?
Comment by bigtimedeal — February 18, 2010 @ 8:35 pm
Yes, you would be certifiably insane to take Wright with the 5th pick. That said, I think we should look at the fact he got hit in the head with a fastball. Couple that fact with the fact his K% went up, particularly on fastballs and perhaps you have another important variable in his "wacky" season. Odds are that his hysteria will wash away with enough ABs and those fastballs will again turn into bombs. Adding Reyes (hopefully) and Beltran back to the lineup will not only increase RBIs but also instill confidence and swagger. Then, add Bay hitting cleanup to protect him and you suddenly have the Wright we have all come to know and love (fantasy-wise). Reyes, Beltran, Wright, Bay is a sick foursome that is going to do A LOT of damage to the NL East. Do not let last year's head hunting and last man standing effects hinder your drafting of this elite of elite.
Comment by Justin — March 12, 2010 @ 8:56 pm
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Comment by Forest Benefiel — June 22, 2010 @ 10:40 am
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Listen To Your Tunes Through Paper Headphones [Pics]
This interesting design was developed at the University of Dundee for the SXSW Paper Apps panel.
This interesting design uses an unexpected material to create a familiar product. 'Paper Headphones' is a project developed by Tom Metcalfe and Michael Shorter in the Product Research Studio at the University of Dundee, Scotland. The headphones, which were printed in collaboration with Novalia, were developed especially for SXSW 2012 in support of the Paper Apps panel 'Can Printed Electronics Save the Music Industry?'. Click through to see photos of the project:
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Timelapse showing visitors movement through Submergence at Mapping Festival 2013
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text: We're sorry, Stamp Heart Art is no longer available Why not try one of these instead? Framed Favourite Song Picture by sarah & bendrix £69$149.52€102.11$113.51 can be personalised Personalised First Anniversary Papercut by Papercuts by CEFuk £55$119.18€81.39$90.48 Personalised New Baby Papercut by Papercuts by CEFuk £65$140.85€96.19$106.93 can be personalised Personalised Framed Retro Cassette Artwork by Yours for Keeps £45$97.51€66.59$74.03 can be personalised Stamp Heart Art by Bombus £55$119.18€81.39$90.48 3 customer reviews(3) This item is no longer available £33.00$71.51€48.83$54.29 delivery to United States Receive this item 5-10 working days from dispatch International delivery available framing framing (required)Small unframedSmall white frame (+ £40)Small chocolate frame (+ £40)Small black frame Large unframed (+ £50)Large white frame (+ £105)framing (required)Small unframedSmall white frame (+ $86.68)Small chocolate frame (+ $86.68)Small black frame Large unframed (+ $108.35)Large white frame (+ $227.53)framing (required)Small unframedSmall white frame (+ €59.19)Small chocolate frame (+ €59.19)Small black frame Large unframed (+ €73.99)Large white frame (+ €155.38)framing (required)Small unframedSmall white frame (+ $65.80)Small chocolate frame (+ $65.80)Small black frame Large unframed (+ $82.26)Large white frame (+ $172.74) colour colour Multi colour stamps redturquoise Blue orange yellow greenblack colour Multi colour stamps redturquoise Blue orange yellow greenblack colour Multi colour stamps redturquoise Blue orange yellow greenblack colour Multi colour stamps redturquoise Blue orange yellow greenblack we're sorry we're sorry, This item is no longer available buy a gift voucher related categories prints & art > mixed media & collage home > under £75 valentine's day > prints & art by Bombus Location: Kent , GB read seller's profile see seller's complete range more items from this seller Vintage World Map Journal £20$43.34€29.59$32.90 Bespoke Wooden Map Letters £46.50$100.76€68.81$76.50 Map Compact Mirror £15$32.50€22.19$24.67 Personalised Map Heart Card £9$19.50€13.31$14.80 Bespoke Location Map Heart £52$112.68€76.95$85.55 Bespoke Wooden Map Heart Box £40$86.68€59.19$65.80 view all you may also like PRODUCT DETAILS CUSTOMER REVIEWS DELIVERY RETURNS Made in Britain exclusive eco-friendly ask seller a question save for later We've spent years practising and perfecting the meticulous art of découpage and this stamp heart is a fine example of our notable artistry. 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About Grapevine Art Project
A well established community of more than 70 artists from Grapevine, Texas and surrounding areas, who love to create, enjoy, and learn about art, the Grapevine Art Project is open to artists who work in any media.
Throughout the year, GAP hosts workshop and classes to promote learning and improve our art and business through new techniques, styles and ideas. GAP hosts several show events for our members to display and sell their art and we participate in many City of Grapevine events throughout the year. Many of our members participate in local art events across North Texas, and some display their work in galleries. We have great networking opportunities as well.
Members and non-members are invited to our regular membership meetings where we network, discuss important upcoming events and present programs relevant to our hobby/business/passion.
The Grapevine Art Project is a 501(c)(3) organization.
Gap Juried Art Show
For those who were accepted into the Gap Juried Art Show, please bring your work to the Lancaster Gallery, 300 S. Main St., Grapevine between 9:30am and 11:00am, Thursday,
September 3. The exhibit will be hung Thursday starting at 11:00 am. Please contact me at firstname.lastname@example.com
if you need to make alternate arrangements to get your work to the gallery.
Exhibition: September 3 -October 31
Art Removal & pick up: October 31, 9:00am - 4:30p.
Please note: GAP will not accept mail or package deliveries or returns.
All artwork must remain on display for the duration of
the GAP Regional Juried Show, September 3-October 31, 2015
Works that are being exhibited may be offered
for sale at the artist's discretion. A price and contact information should be on each piece so that the buyer can contact you. Sold pieces must stay in the exhibit until Oct. 31.


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Category: popular names for boys
Sssssssssh, have you heard the secret?
There may be a lot of Wild and Wilder names around these days, but boys' names in 2013 are also going in a softer direction.
The sh sound is stylish — or should that be shtylish? — for baby boys' names, introduced by Joshua and Sean and led these days by such trendy choices as Asher and Dashiell.
Among the attractive sh names for boys are the following:
Asher — The Old Testament Asher, which means "fortunate, blessed, happy one," was one of Jacob's twelve sons who gave their names to the clans of Israel. Contemporary diminutive: Ash.
Ashton –This English name meaning "ash trees place" became a mega-hit in 2004, mostly thanks to TV star/model Ashton Kutcher's popular prank show Punk'd.
Bishop — Actress Reese Witherspoon got the ball rolling on ecclesiastical occupational names when she named her son Deacon in 2003.
Cash — A diminutive of Cassius or an economy-inspired word name, cool name Cash may also pay homage to American music legend Johnny Cash.
Popular baby names get a bad rap, especially — okay, we admit it — here on Nameberry.
But popular baby names are popular for a reason: A lot of people like them for a lot of good reasons. Popular names often have a sound and feel that's right in step with the times, they're fresh but also have meaningful roots, they appeal to a wide range of different kinds of parents.
Right now, in fact, the popular baby names hold more intrinsic appeal than ever. Time-honored, noble names for girls; strong, classic names for boys — there's more to like than to not like.
How are we defining popular? If you can pick from the Top 10, great, but any baby name in the Top 100 is fair game.
The history of baby names is littered with former stars that burned brightly for a decade or two, only to fade from view.
It's hard to believe, from this vantage point, that Gladys or Edna ever made the Top 20, that names such as Harold or Larry were ever popular enough to dominate an entire decade.
It's difficult to see Irene and Albert as the Isabella and Alexander of their day, to view Tammy or Tiffany as the height of cool.
Many of these once-hot names are lovely, even classic. They're just not as stylish as they once were (although some, especially from the earlier decades, are on their way back in).
We looked at the Top 25 baby names for each decade of the 20th century to pick out choices that were hot back them, and are not today. Included here are Old People Names like Bertha and Clarence, Baby Boomer names such as Karen and Gary, today's mom and dad names such as Jennifer and Jason, and names like Taylor and Tyler that are beginning to be heard much more often on babysitters than on babies.
Now it's the boys' turn at the Top 100 list. These are the most popular names gauged by visitors to their pages so far in 2012.
As with the national list, the boys' top names are more stable than the girls' — though the Nameberry list is very different from the U.S. list. Our Top 5 names are the same as in 2010, with the exception of new entrant Milo.
Trends on our boys' Top 100:
— The Nameberry list is geared to non-traditional but deeply-rooted boys' names. We see this trend on the U.S. list as well, but it's even more pronounced in our statistics — which indicates that overall trend will continue to move toward unconventional boys' names and away from standards such as Robert and John. The exceptions: Henry, James, and William. But however unconventional, the Nameberry favorites, from mythological Irish Finn to Biblical Asher, have deep roots.
– Celebrities and pop culture are important, but not as important as for girls. We see Finn, partially inspired by Glee, at Number 1 and Atticus in the Top 10 thanks to To Kill A Mockingbird. While other names — Jude, Liam, Emmett, Hudson, Arlo — have risen on the heels of popular stars, celebrity babies, and movie and TV characters — we see this influence on boys' names less pronounced than on girls'.
Nameberry's top boy names 2011 includes big news: Asher has leapfrogged over Henry and Finn, last year's number one and two, to take the top spot.
The Nameberry popularity lists track which names attracted the most views on our site this year. Consider them a predictor of which names parents will choose in the future, rather than which names they picked in the past.
As with the girls' names, the Nameberry Top 10 rankings are very different from the national Social Security list, with not one crossover name for boys. Bentley, the fastest-rising boys' name on the national popularity list, attracted a significant number of new views on Nameberry too.
Compared with last year's Nameberry popularity list, the only new entrant in the boys' Top 10 is, interestingly, classic James. Names rising fastest through the boys' top 100 are marked in bright green below: note especially Silas, Emmett, Everett, Flynn, and Archer.
Here then, the Nameberry top boy names 2011. Don't forget to scroll all the way to the bottom and take part in the contest to guess boy's name #101 and win a free book!
Nameberry's Top 100 Boys' Names, 2011
up significantly over 2010
1. Asher
2. Finn
3. Henry
4. Milo
5. Jasper
6. Atticus
7. Oliver
8. James
9. Jude
10. Felix


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Page update 8/6/2015
You may either pick up an application in community center or can print this application to bring with you or mail with check and money order to:
Sunrise Family Resort
5586 Dublin Drive
Kingston, OK 73439
Applications are $15 per adult and must accompany copy(s) of driver license, social security card for each adult who will be living in household and proof of household income. Applications can take 24 to 48 hours. Once an application is approved familes can move in.
Homes may be reserved while waiting for the return of application.
Sunrise Family Resort now offering families the opportunity to purchase a home with our lease to own program. Benefits of this program include: One, two and three bedroom homes available now!Payments cheaper than most rentsOwn your own home in as little as eight yearsMany homes to chose fromNo bank financing costs; your payment locked up at the lowest enconomy market condition, low option fee. Taxes, insurance, propane tank lease (as applicable) included for term of contract. Note: renters insurance recommended as we only insure pay off of home.
For more information on homes, including availability or to schedule an apointment to view, please call or text 580.565.9160 (cell) or email firstname.lastname@example.com
Please note - if you have not heard from us within 24 hours, please call again or text or email as calls can be lost if in a dead zone.
Kingston School District
Electric Company REA (Kingston & Marietta ofcs)
Propane (if applicable) Red River Propane
This three bedroom, one and one-half bath will be available lease to own in mid to late September. Please note, paint and carpet may differ from photos as home has been rented for several years and certain renovations will be completed before joining our lease to own program. This home will be available for only $500 cash down and payments of only $475 a month for 8 years.
Eight year contract includes lot fee, propane tank rental, taxes and insurance (renters insurance still recommended to protect your personal belongings.
This home has a nice lot and present tentants had a successfulvegetable garden while living her (good soil). Home is across the road from the community park and playground. Watch your children at play while enjoying a cup of coffee at the dining room table or from the front porch.
We will provide more photos soon as home will be vacated the first week of September. Viewings can be scheduled once home is vacated. This is a nice one that won't last long. For more infomation about this or other homes available on the lease to own program call or text 580.565.9160.
Sunrise Family Resort is a great community to raise a family, retire or have a weekend/summer home within two minutes of beautiful Lake Texoma.
Be sure and look through our links of the fun things we do in our community for events, holidays and activities!
Imagine owning your own home for only $500 down and payments of only $435 for eight years. The eight year contract for lease to own INCLUDES lot fee, propane tank rental, taxes and insureance. (we recommend renters insurance as we only insure pay off of home). This home is AVAILABLE NOW
Water and trash is paid to the community when you make payment. $35 to turn on and average water & trash bill for most families is between $25 to $35 a month. Electricity is through REA (Kingston/Marietta) and propane through Red River Propane. This homes uses propane for stove and central heat.
Application cost $15 per adult
This two bedroom, one bath home is ready to move in. Located across the street from the park and playground. A cute starter home, to retire, great for a vacation/weekend home or live in the community year around. Located within 2 minutes from beautiful Lake Texoma
This home has stove, refrigerator and washing machine included and according to past tenants all still in excellent working order.
This 3 bedroom, one and one-half bathroom is ready for a family who is looking for a good deal in home ownership. This is lowest three bedroom we have ever offered. Imagine paying only $400 cash down and payments of $435 a month for eight years! This home has a beautiful kitchen with lots of cabinets, small pantry and lots of room in living room and kitchen. Master bathroom has cabinets, garden tub and division wall from stool and tub. Second bath is a half Jack and Jill bathroom between bedrooms 2 and 3. Nice deck with handicapp access. The only downside to this home is the small size of bedrooms two and three but if you don't need three large bedrooms this is a deal you won't want to pass up.
Application is available at the top of this page or can be picked up at the office. To make an appointment to view or for more information on this home or other homes available on our lease to own program call or text 580.565.9160 or email firstname.lastname@example.com
This home has been ntracted for the lease to own program. Be sure and check out our other homes available on the lease to own program
This all electric home might just be the one you were waiting for.
Tired of that small bedroom? Imagine a master bedroom that's approximately 13x15. This includes a walk-in closet, and master bathroom with garden tub.
Need more cabinet space? This home has that too. There are cabinets over the washer/dryer area and three sides of cabinets in the kitchen and small bar separating kitchen and dining room. This home is 3 bedrooms and 2 baths, has two covered porches, circle drive and a huge yard - perfect for the landscaper in you.
Please note some pictures may show cleaning supplies or materials not cleaned out yet. Also fencing was removed due to bending and damages if that is on any of the pictures. Other than that, everything should be as shown..
This 3 bedroom, 2 bathroom home is now under our lease to own program - be sure and check out other hoimes we have available!
P10 is located on a large lot across from park and beatiful scenic views of trees and wildlife on the back side. Home has a huge living room and lots of storage space throught-out, from kitchen cabinets and large curved bar, to hall closet and walk-in closet in master bedroom.Home has two full bathrooms with garden tob in master bathroom had garden tub. Home has central heat and is roomy inside and out.
Sorry but this two bedroom, 2 bathroom home is under the lease to own contract. Be sure and check out our other homes available on the lease to own program.
Sorry, this 3 bedroom, 2 bath home is no longer available
Please note carpet and colors may vary as home is being renovated at this time. More information and photos coming soon
This all electric three bedroom, two bathrrom home has a large front deck, and back yard with lots of trees and an underground BBQ pit. Home has a separate dining area, island stove top, in-the-wall over and lots of cabinet space.
Two bedrooms have built in dressers. Master bedroom has walk-in closet, bathroom has his and her sinks and mirrored medicine cabinets. All rooms but Master bedroom have new carpet.
Call or email today to make an appointment to view this great home located across the road from the park and playground!


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The Chrysler PT Cruiser is one of the car models that caused quite a buzz in its release. It is inspired by the 1930s panel vans, giving it a unique look retro-lovers would definitely adore. And what makes it even more special is its edgy headlight that is obviously different from most car lights. Aside from this, it provides ample vision in the evening, serving the purpose of utility and style. That is why everytime there are Chrysler PT Cruiser headlight problems, a replacement should be done. Otherwise, the vehicle will continue to be an unattractive and dangerous car to drive.
Can anyone do a Chrysler PT Cruiser headlight installation? Answer: Unfortunately, Chrysler PT Cruiser headlight installation is more difficult than most car models. It requires removing the front wheels and prying out internal parts to gain access to the headlight. However, it can still be done by a typical DYIer who is familiar with removing and reinstalling various parts of the car. For someone who does not have any clue on doing this, it is better to have the Chrysler PT Cruiser headlight installation done by a mechanic.
How can the Chrysler PT Cruiser headlight be adjusted to "high?" Answer: The good thing about the headlight of Chrysler PT Cruiser is that it can be adjusted on "high" or "low" like most cars in the market. However, it could not be done electronically. There are adjustment screws found around the edge of the headlight. These screws will help adjust the headlight to "high" or "low" as preferred.
Is it possible to buy Chrysler PT headlight bulbs separately? Answer: If the bulb in the headlight is the only damaged part in the whole assembly, it is possible to find a new one and simply replace the old one if the headlight has a composite assembly. There are a lot of headlight bulbs that can be seen on auto parts online stores. The important thing is to make sure the bulb is compatible with Chrysler PT Cruiser before ordering.
What is wrong when one Chrysler PT Cruiser headlight is working well while the other is not? Answer: The left headlight is controlled by the same switch as the right one. This means that the problem is either on the bulb itself or the wiring system. The first thing to check on Chrysler PT Cruiser headlight problems with wiring would be the fuse. If the wires are connected well, the next to check would be the wires on the headlight assembly. It is also better to check if electricity is flowing well on the wires.
Shop Chrysler Pt Cruiser Headlight Call our auto parts experts at or get an expert recommendation via Live Chat


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Andy CockayneShared publicly -
Shin splints are extremely painful, I know because I have had them! They can take an age to heal and if you return to training (in my case football) too soon they come back with vengeance... You can find lots of information online but this site seems to collate all the good bits!
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WE CAN ALL BE HEROES. That's the inspiring message of Ordinary People Change the World, a lively, collectible picture book biography series from New York Times bestselling author Brad Meltzer.
Helen Keller was the first deafblind person to earn a Bachelor of Arts.
Helen Keller was an activist who campaign for women's suffrage and labor rights.
Lucille Ball won the first Emmy for Best Comedienne.
Lucille Ball performed shows at the age of 3 at the local grocery store.
Jackie Robinson played for Negro Baseball League team the Kansas City Monarchs in 1945.
Jackie Robinson's first game with the major-league was on April 15th, 1947 with the Brooklyn Dodgers.
Albert Einstein taught college courses in 1908.
In 1919, Albert Einstein's theory of relativity was published in 1919.
Growing up, Rosa Parks attended a one-room schoolhouse.
Rosa's grandfather, Sylvester Edwards, was one of the slaves set free in Alabama in accordance with the 13th Amendment in the US constitution.
Abraham Lincoln lost five separate elections before being elected president.
Abraham Lincoln is the only president in American history to hold a patent.
Amelia Earhart was called "Lady Lindy" because her bone structure and thin build resembled that of Charles Lindbergh.
The U.S. government spent $4 million on the missing person search for Earhart, the most costly in history at the time.


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In sleepy Salty Creek, Georgia, strangers are rare. When a quiet, unassuming stranger arrives - a Japanese man with a secret history of his own - he becomes the talk of the town and a new beginning for lonely Sophie, who lost her first love during World War I.
Middle-aged Sophie had resigned herself to a passionless existence. That all begins to change as she finds herself drawn to the mysterious Mr. Oto. When the Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor, Mr. Oto's newfound life comes under siege; his safety, even in Salty Creek, is no longer certain. Sophie must decide how much she is willing to risk for a future with the man who has brought such joy into her life. Visit the author at: www.AugustaTrobaugh.com
©2001 Augusta Trobaugh (P)2001 BelleBooks, Inc.
"Trobaugh depicts in aching detail the isolation that racism occasions, and once again suggests the small but heartwarming triumphs made possible by human dignity and courage." (Publishers Weekly)
"Trobaugh (Resting in the Bosom of the Lamb) has written another Southern novel featuring a beautiful and unusual love story. Recommended for all public libraries." (Library Journal)
"An unforgettable story of an extraordinary love and a town's prejudice during World War II. Sophie and the Rising Sun suggests the small but heartwarming triumphs made possible by human dignity and courage." (Publisher's Weekly)
"very good story"
This was narrated by Rue McClanahan of Golden Girls fame and she did a good job but sometimes with someone so recognizable her voice almost gets in the way of the story because you are picturing her as all the characters instead of the characters speaking for themselves.
I am not sure what I was expecting when I started this book but what I got was a beautiful chaste love story between southern belle Sophie and Japanese American Mr. Oto. This was a beautifully written look at the south during the time of Pearl Harbor and everything changed for Mr. Oto and the women in his life his boss Miss Ann and his friend (and woman he loves) Miss Sophie. But this was so much more than a love story; it's a friendship story and also a historical look at a very tough time especially for Japanese Americans and the people who cared about them, and the people who blamed them for everything.
This was a sweet story and even the "bad guy/woman" was redeemable she wasn't so much a bad guy just an old busybody. My favorite character was Big Sally, or Queen Sally as she'd rather be called, she took such good care of everyone. I liked the friendships in this book between Sally, Sophie and Miss Ann.
This is a short, but good story , if you are a fan southern fiction and/or friendship stories I would recommend this one.
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georgiagrace2's Mom Answers Activity
georgiagrace2 is a star in these topics:
Pregnancy > Expectant Dads (1 helpful answer)
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I quit smoking as soon as i found out i was pregnant, BUT..i recently had one...
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i had a couple early in my pregnancy and really beat myself up about it. To be honest, every cigarette is bad, but since you cant change ...posted by deborahnorth
My husband's not attracted to me now that I'm pregnant. What can I do?
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Hi All, I am over 6 Month pregnant, and my husband isn't attracted to me at all since the moment he found out I am pregnant. In tho...posted by a BabyCenter Member


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July 20, 2012
Reports that struggling Chinese company LDK Solar will have at least part of its debts paid by the city – Xinyu in eastern Jiangxi province – in which it is based. The company is the world's second largest maker of solar wafers, but has been hit hard by an ongoing solar technology supply glut that is ironically being exacerbated by China. As a result, LDK owed $79.4 million in loan debt to Huarong International Trust Co. at the end of 2011. Yet while Xinyu's decision to help repay LDK's loans may be good news for the company, it is very troubling news for opponents of China's mercantilist policies.


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Taken for: High Cholesterol,Heart Attack,Stroke
Other names: Zocor
Method of use: Pill
Prescribing mode: Rx
Simvastatin (International Nonproprietary Name) (Zocor and generics) is a hypolipidemic agent used to control elevated choleste...Read on Wikipedia
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Daycare, Garner, NC
Dog Academy NC
1215 Stone Rd, Durham, NC 27703
La Petite Academy
1413 Aversboro Rd, Garner, NC 27529
Easter Seals UCP
5171-400 Glenwood Av, Raleigh, NC 27612
- Birthchoice
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- 2304 Wesvill Ct, Raleigh, NC 27607
View Website
- All About Kids
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Serving your area
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5400 Miller Ave, Gary, IN 46403
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Ansede Animal Hospital
3535 S Wilmington St,, Raleigh, NC 27603
Gingerbread Littleversity
2204 N Main St, Fuquay Varina, NC 27526
9.6 Miles
"It seems like only yesterday my daughter was only six weeks old and starting Gingerbread. N...">
Busy Bee Learning Center
2108 N New Hope Rd, Raleigh, NC 27604
8.9 Miles
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Creative Kidz Academy
8408 Strickland Rd, Raleigh, NC 27615
14.6 Miles
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Little Magic Ones Child Care Academy
166 E Depot St, Angier, NC 27501
14.3 Miles
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Gingerbread Littleversity
1521 N Main St, Fuquay Varina, NC 27526
10.8 Miles
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The Goddard School
76 Oleander Dr, Clayton, NC 27520
12.1 Miles
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Camp BOW Wow Cary Dog Daycare And Overnight Dog Boarding
107 Woodwinds Industrial Ct, Cary, NC 27511
13.0 Miles
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Bright Horizons Children's Center At The Forum
8516 Old Lead Mine Rd, Raleigh, NC 27615
14.7 Miles
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Kreepers-N-Krawlers Day Care Learning Center LLC
2733 Community Dr, Raleigh, NC 27610
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Jordan Child & Family Enrichment Center
1305 Glenwood Ave, Raleigh, NC 27605
8.0 Miles
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MY Neighborhood Playhouse Too
604 E Chatham St Ste C, Cary, NC 27511
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La Petite Academy
955 W Chatham St, Cary, NC 27511
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Come Build With US Daycare
208 Forest Hill Dr, Garner, NC 27529
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Klassy Kids Enrichment
1600 Benson Rd, Garner, NC 27529
.2 Miles
Huckleberry's Friends Child Care Center & Preschool
1000 Lawndale St, Garner, NC 27529
.9 Miles


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When Babette's talent for herbal medicine attracts suspicions of witchcraft, she has nowhere to turn save to Colbyher honorable enemy. And with the captain determined to claim her as his bride, Babette must choose which to betrayher principles or her heart.