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National Aerospace FDI Exposition (Expo).
The International Trade Administration, SelectUSA, and the Aerospace States Association are co-hosting the National Aerospace Foreign Direct Investment Exposition in Los Angeles on October 26-28, 2015.
The Expo provides information and resources for international companies looking to establish a presence in the United States. Foreign direct investment (FDI) in the U.S. aerospace manufacturing sector is growing rapidly, outpacing the average FDI growth in all U.S. industries. Through matchmaking meetings arranged by the Expo organizers, investors can meet one-on-one with economic developers and officials to explore opportunities and learn about resources and incentives. Top government and industry speakers will discuss the dynamics and trends of the U.S. aerospace manufacturing industry. Confirmed speakers include senior officials from the departments of Commerce, Defense, and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), as well as senior industry representatives (including the president of Airbus' operations in North America). Registration is already live and the website, including a draft agenda, can be found here: http://www.aeroinvestmentexpo.com/.
Welcome to the U.S. Commercial Service Aerospace and Defense Technology Team Page.
We are the industry's primary export resource and should be your first point of contact when looking to sell internationally. Our team of domestic and international trade specialists, located at our Export Assistance Centers in the United States and at U.S. Embassies overseas, is prepared to assist in increasing your export sales. U.S. Points of Contact are available to discuss your international business needs.
The aerospace & defense industry has been a cornerstone of the U.S. economy for decades and has provided well-paying jobs for a variety of skill levels. The industry's position is now challenged by global competition, changes in technology, national and worldwide economic conditions, and global policies affecting defense, civilian and commercial aviation. To maintain this important sector of the U.S. economy, the U.S. Commercial Service strives to provide assistance to increase the industry's competitiveness. Specifically, the Aerospace and Defense Technology Team works with companies to help them:
Take Action Now: Contact an Aerospace and Defense trade specialist, explore upcoming events and trade leads, and increase your international sales. We look forward to working with you!
For detailed country by country analysis on worldwide markets, please see the Aerospace Resource Guide.
Click the cover below to download a copy:
The lead author of this report is Fred Elliott, an international trade specialist on the Aerospace Team in the U.S. Department of Commerce's International Trade Administration. Jonathan Alvear, Alexis Haakensen, and Kim Wells, also Aerospace Team staff members, collaborated in developing statistical methodology and prepared country case studies. Chris Blaha, Office of Trade Negotiations and Analysis, provided trade data and statistical analysis. Scott Kennedy, Aerospace Team Leader, managed the team effort.
|Dubai Airshow 2013 (TFC Event) -- Aircraft/Aircraft Parts, Airport/Ground Support Eq., Aviation Services, Defense Industry Eq.
|Event Summary:
The Dubai Airshow is a biennial aerospace event that has been attracting visitors for the past 27 years and is the prime aviation event in the region. The event focuses on connecting buyers to sellers from all over the globe interested in the aerospace sector. The 2011 showed positive increases from the previous edition with 56,548 trade visitors (+7%), 960exhibitors from 50 countries (+8%), The Dubai Air Show is organized by Fairs & Exhibitions (1992) Ltd in cooperation with the Government of Dubai Department of Civil Aviation and Dubai International Airport in collaboration with the United Arab Emirates Armed Forces.
In spite of declining markets and economies in recent years the Middle East is still investing, buying, and improving. Dubai alone is very ambitious, particularly in the aviation market where aviation supports more than 250,000 jobs and contributes over US$22 billion to the economy, accounting for around 19% of total employment in Dubai and 28% of Dubai's GDP. Aviation's importance to Dubai is expected to grow further over the next decade. The economic contribution of the aviation sector is set to rise to US$44.5 billion or 32% of Dubai's GDP and 372,900jobs representing approximately 22 % of its employment by 2020. Source: Oxford Economies report, July 2011.
U.S. Commercial Service staff will be at this event to help you grow your export business in this dynamic region.
|Lisa Huot, Trade Event Programs
Senior International Trade Specialist
Phone: 202-482-2796
|Gerri Cozic, Kallman Worldwide
Phone: 201-251-2600 x122
|Akhilesh Sathyavan, Dubai
Commercial Specialist
Phone: +97143094086


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7 medium-size baking potatoes
3 hard-cooked eggs
1 cup mayonnaise
1/2 cup sour cream
1/3 cup Italian dressing
1 1/2 teaspoons horseradish mustard
1/2 teaspoon salt
1/4 teaspoon celery seeds
2 celery ribs, sliced
3 green onions, sliced
Garnish: celery leaves
Cook potatoes in boiling water to cover 25 to 30 minutes or until tender; drain and cool. Peel and slice.
Chop egg whites. Press yolks through a wire sieve.
Combine mayonnaise and next 5 ingredients; add potato, egg whites, celery, and green onions. Sprinkle with egg yolks. Garnish, if desired.
July 1998

subset: commoncrawl


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MELBOURNE, Australia, Nov. 12 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ --Phosphagenics Limited ("Phosphagenics") (ASX: POH; OTCQX: PPGNY) announced today that it has initiated a phase 1 human clinical trial using its patented drug delivery system, TPM, for the targeted delivery of a leading non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), diclofenac. The trial will compare the bioavailability and penetration of the topically applied Voltaren(R) gel (1% diclofenac), one of the leading marketed products, and Phosphagenics' diclofenac (at 1% and 2% diclofenac concentrations).
Conducted at the Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, University of South Australia, the Principal Investigator is Professor Allan Evans. The trial is an open label, single centre bioavailability and penetration trial of dermal and systemic pharmacokinetics in 12 healthy adult volunteers, incorporating secondary endpoints of safety and tolerability. The Company expects to obtain and announce the results of this phase 1 trial in the first quarter of 2009.
Dr Esra Ogru, Executive Vice President of Research and Development at Phosphagenics, said; "Diclofenac is a well known topical anti-inflammatory drug most commonly used for sprains and strains. In our preclinical studies with TPM/diclofenac we have demonstrated significant increases in skin penetration of diclofenac compared to the market leader (Voltaren(R)); results we are confident we can replicate in human testing."
"The advantage of our formulated diclofenac is that it increases the amount of anti-inflammatory drug delivered to the site of action. Sales of Voltaren(R) in 2007 for both oral and topical application were around US$700 million, so we are very pleased to be entering into the clinic with our new formulation as we believe its superior efficacy will prove it to be a very attractive product commercially," she said.
About Phosphagenics Limited
Phosphagenics is a Melbourne-based,
|SOURCE Phosphagenics Limited
Copyright©2008 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved


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House of Bonhommes: The college of Ashridge
A History of the County of Buckingham: Volume 1
House of Bonhommes The college of Ashridge HOUSE OF BONHOMMES 16. THE COLLEGE OF ASHRIDGE. The College of Bonhommes at Ashridge, was founded ... here with his Court. 9 In 1300 the founder died at...
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Edward I: Epiphany 1291
Parliament Rolls of Medieval England
Ashridge Epiphany parliament (?December 1290-?February 1291) Edward I was at Ashridge, the college of Bonneshommes founded by his cousin, Edmund ... It is also possible that Ashridge was chosen...
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Close Rolls, Edward I: January 1291
Calendar of Close Rolls, Edward I: Volume 3, 1288-1296
Ashridge. To Thomas de Normanville, escheator beyond Trent. Order to cause ... for the offence. Jan. 8. Ashridge. To Malcolm de Harley, escheator this side Trent. ... and Isabel. Jan. 8. Ashridge...
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Parishes: Little Gaddesden
A History of the County of Hertford: Volume 2
while the pasture and woods of Ashridge Park cover the whole of the western portion. Ashridge House, the seat of Earl Brownlow, stands in the middle of the park, ... of Ashridge, was chaplain to...
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The hundred of Dacorum: Introduction
A History of the County of Hertford: Volume 2
of Ashridge. In the honour of Berkhampstead were included King's Langley, ... of Berkhampstead. 9 The liberty of Ashridge included Hemel Hempstead, Little ... and the rector of Ashridge exercised...
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The hundred of Sonning: Introduction and map
A History of the County of Berkshire: Volume 3
of Hertoke, more commonly known as Ashridge, in Wokingham and the tithings ... Ibid. bdles. 75, no. 335, 349; 76, no. 463. See Ashridge under Wokingham.
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Addenda, Elizabeth - Volume 11: June 1561
Calendar of State Papers Domestic: Elizabeth, 1601-3 With Addenda 1547-65
Westminster. 17. Ric. Oseley to his deputy bailiff of Ashridge, co. Wilts. Mr. ... or lordship of Ashridge, where you as my deputy live. I have put information
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Little Gaddesden
An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Hertfordshire
Ashridge, stands in a large park between Little Gaddesden and Great ... from Edlesborough, Bucks. ConditionGood. b(3). Old Park Lodge, Ashridge Park, ... of a partition made up of 15th-century traceried panelling...
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Parishes: Wokingham
A History of the County of Berkshire: Volume 3
of Mr. W. Howard Palmer, J.P.; Ashridge Wood, the residence of Mr. Vere ... The manor of ASHRIDGE or HERTOKE, with which the hundred of Ashridge ... of a local subhundred with a court at Hertoke...
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Parishes: Pitstone
A History of the County of Buckingham: Volume 3
here by the college of Ashridge ( vide infra). At the Church Farm is a homestead moat, ... and it belonged, with the latter manor, to the college of Ashridge. 7 A confirmation ... it has been described. 10...
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New Voters, New Challenges
Chideya and team go to Arizona to look at immigration and jobs, and check in with new voters to see if they're getting involved. With the passage of the state's controversial immigration bill in April, Arizona is at the center of the nation's immigration debate. From Phoenix to border regions of the Tohono O'odham Nation and Yuma, Chideya talks with people about their hopes, fears, and anxiety.


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Introduces the concepts behind color correction and color grading, and guides editors through the process of correcting contrast, color balance, and hue/saturation in individual shots and entire films.
Learn video finishing techniques in Premiere Pro CC, including checking for mistakes, correcting color, legalizing footage for broadcast, and creating a digital master.
Learn how to fix contrast, color, noise and other problems in your footage with Premiere Pro CC.
Learn to manipulate emotion, mood, time of day, and location in a variety of shots, from interior spaces to outside landscapes, with color grading.
Color grading inspired by the color theory and techniques of the most famous artists in history.
Demystifies color correction and gives detailed explanations of the key controls, options, workflows, and best practices for color correction with Premiere Pro.
Streamlines the color-correction workflow and provides practical methods for adjusting the color and tonality of footage in Premiere Pro.
"My biggest problem is figuring out what I want to watch next. Just when I think I'm all set, I find something ELSE that is fascinating." —John O.
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Dust & Bone
Rochester, NY
Friday, May 17th, 2013 at 8:00pm
All Ages
Dust & Bone will be playing at the South Wedge location of Boulder Coffee Co. from 8 -10.
We look forward to seeing you there.
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|Reviews for The Great Balrog Conspiracy
| Guest chapter 1 . 5/20
sooooooo... the wise- sorry, the wyze- have plotted to take on the world with the balrog wing debate? the warden brotherband has become assassins? and the marysues have a spaceship they used to abduct Legolas and display him on earth? wow, there really IS a conspiracy!
| The Mysterious Masked Hunter chapter 1 . 4/8
Dun dun duuuuuun! Very welldone.!
| E. Peterson chapter 1 . 2/20
| 13th Hell chapter 1 . 1/27
aaaahhhh you awesome!
i never read humor fanfic with some intric politic and actually the topoc is a bit hard.
but it's cool!
i'm seriously want to draw a 4-coma when Glorfinder snatched the telephone and crush it. but i still haven't do it.
it's a great story. i love it!
and sorry lasting. sorry maybe it's late though but beware of my review and favorite from me. hope it's doesn't botjer you.
| Thalion Estel chapter 1 . 10/23/2014
Hilarious! I loved the whole idea for this conspiracy, and especially all the ways you made Middle Earth like here. Legolas abducted by aliens? The Wise change their name to Wyze? Glorfindel is a crime boss with trained assassins? Amazing! Thank you so much for sharing!
| LotR chapter 1 . 7/11/2014
TOTALLY legit.
| Lily Lindsey-Aubrey chapter 1 . 6/18/2014
lmho...I love this! Poor Erestor, evil Glorfindel. I laughed so hard. I'm definitely going to read the sequels.
| Alyss chapter 1 . 3/14/2014
Oh my word. This is HILARIOUS! When I am finally not lazy and will login, this is going on my favorites
| fandommusings chapter 1 . 11/5/2013
I feel like everyone needs to read this just because it's so awesome.
| Guest chapter 1 . 10/2/2013
| Heatblizzard chapter 1 . 8/15/2013
This should've been a novel! Why stop here? This needs to be rewritten as a novel that will change the fate of Middle Earth forever! Of course have some uexpected allies on his side to help in spreading the truth about the Balrog plot.
| Pergjithshme chapter 1 . 4/13/2013
OHMYWORD. Love it! :D
| Larisya chapter 1 . 3/29/2013
The alien thing was really quite clever of Erestor. Since Glorfindel stopped HIM, if he had discovered the Balrog question, Erestor could say he was merely going chronologically, and had been getting to that bit.
Must hold composure, must hold composure.
| Eruthiadwen chapter 1 . 9/10/2012
I read this (and its sequels) every so often for laughs. Oh, I have never laughed so much at anything I've ever read. I love your work. :)
| Healed535 chapter 1 . 9/8/2011
This greatly amused me!


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The Dark Knight Megathread (USE THIS! Love, the mods)
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July 13 2008, 11:54 PM
Pumpkin Spice Bacon
Location: Kansas City
Re: The Dark Knight Megathread (USE THIS! Love, the mods)
T'Baio wrote:
"As the internet tells us the greatest film in the history of the world opens on Friday, and from all early word it makes Orson Welles look like Tristam Shandy, Howard Hawks look like Shirley Temple, Gregg Toland like Bunny Yeager, and Robert Bresson like Uwe Boll. This fucker is known to cure leukemia, and autism. Perhaps even Aspbergers? That I can not say. Anyway the suction of that film opening should cause the polar ice caps to re-freeze, and it should open to $400 Million easily, and then do $450 the next weekend. It's just that good."
But it doesn't take American Express!
Just because it's futuristic doesn't mean it's practical.
Pumpkin Spice Bacon
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Dummerston killing trial delayedAugust 21,2013Caraballo murder
trial delayed again
A judge has granted defense lawyers representing Frank Caraballo an extra week to prepare for his trial in the killing of a Brattleboro woman.
Earlier this month, Judge Christina Reiss denied a similar request brought by defense lawyers who asked for an extra two months to prepare for the trial on the grounds that they were wading through an influx of new evidence.
In the latest request, filed last week, Caraballos attorneys said they received additional audio and video recordings that need to be analyzed before the trial, which was set to start in the second week of September.
After considering the new request, Reiss decided Tuesday to delay the start of the trial until Sept. 16.
Caraballo, 31, of Holyoke, Mass., is charged with killing Melissa Barratt, 30, whose body was found in a wooded area in Dummerston on July 29, 2011.MORE IN This Just InKABUL, Afghanistan Confusion reigned in the wake of the deadly bombing Saturday of a hospital... Full StorySPRINGFIELD A fast-moving fire destroyed a freestanding two-bay garage on 432 South St. Full StoryIt will be a busy week in gubernatorial politics with two candidates holding formal campaign... Full Story
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RWU Law is one of only 5 law schools in the country that specializes in marine affairs. Of these schools, RWU Law is only one of 2 that specialize in admiralty and maritime law.
Fast Facts
Faculty Spotlights
- Print |
Our faculty's formidable credentials and academic accomplishments are a point of pride at RWU Law – but so are their front-line legal contributions. As Dean David Logan has noted, "While we have a faculty of distinguished scholars, a good number of them are also very much 'boots on the ground' lawyers out there in the real world, making things happen and making a difference."


text:
Crystal Ball
What's ahead for shares of luxury retailer Saks?
Send your prediction to firstname.lastname@example.com by midnight EDT Sunday, with your full name, city, state and phone number. The first reader who gets it right will be named in next Saturday's paper.
• Luxury brand Saks Inc. announces earnings on Tuesday, amid a market rally in high-end consumer stocks. What will shares of the retailer close at that day?
A tip of the hat to Scott Kuhlmann of Long Prairie, Minn., for coming closest to guessing Tuesday's closing price of fast-food chain Wendy's/Arby's Group. WEN 1.99 % Mr. Kuhlmann hazarded $5.05; it closed at $5.02.


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Wednesday, January 29, 2014
Ruling on Privity of Contract in Indiana
This is the second in a series of posts that draw on Michael Dorelli and Kimberly Cohen's recent article in the Indiana Law Review on developments in contracts law in Indiana. This post will discuss State of Indiana Military Department v. Continental Electric Company, which was decided by the Indiana Court of Appeals in 2012.
In 2006, Continental Electric Company (Continental) submitted a bid as a subocontractor on the construction of an avaiation facility at the Gary/Chicago Internaional Airport (see the image at left). Continental's submitted a bid of about $1.8 million to do the electrical work on the project, noting in its bid that $335,000 should be added to its bid under "Alternative 2," which was designated "Diesel Generator." The State of Indiana Military (the State) which had issued the bid hosted a pre-bid meeting at which it sought to clarify that costs relating to Alternative 2 should be included in the base bid, but Continental did not do so, relying on its understanding of the written bid documents. The State provided a written version of its clarification of Alernative 2, but Continental claims that the written version did not reflect what was said at the pre-bid meeting.
The Larson-Danielson Construction Company (Larson) was awarded the project and chose Continental to do its electrical work. Continental began work in October 2006. It dealt only with Larson and there was no contractual relationship between it and the State. Continental billed Larson for an extra $207,000 worth of work associated with Alternative 2.
Continental complained throughout the process that it was entitled to payment for the work done under Alternative 2, but both Larson and the State believed that no extra payment was required, since both interpreted the bid documents as requiring that work associated with Alternative 2 be part of the base bid. Getting no satisfaction from Larson, Continental brought suit against the State, claiming $207,000 in damages for breach of contract or quantum meruit. The trial court found for Continental and the State appealed.
The Court of Appeals reversed. It found that Continental could not bring a breach contract claim against the State because it was not in a contractual relationship with the State. Nor had the State agreed to hear appeals arising out of controversies between Larson and its subcontrators.
The Court then moved on to Continental's unjust enrichment claim. Under Indiana law, four criteria must be met to establish such a claim:
1)Whether the owner impliedly requested the subcontractor to do the work; 2) whether the owner reasonably expected to pay the subcontractor, or the subcontractor reasonably expected to be paid by the owner; 3) whether there was an actual wrong perpetrated by the owner; and 4) whether the owner's conduct was so active and instrumental that the owner "stepped into the shoes" of the contractor.
The Court concluded that because Larson was paid in full, the trial court erred in finding that the State had retained a benefit for which it did not pay. Basically, the Court agreed with Larson and the State the the bid documents and the clarification established that the costs associated with Alternative 2 were to be included in the base bid. The Court concluded as follows:
In sum, we conclude that Continental Electric had no right to recover against Indiana Military. Continental Electric failed to establish that a measurable benefit was conferred on Indiana Military and that its retention of a benefit without payment would be unjust. Indeed, Indiana Military did not receive a measurable benefit from Continental Electric that it had not already paid for.
All concerned, including Continental Electric, knew long before Continental Electric ever entered into a subcontract with Larson that the wiring in question was part of the base contract with Larson and that Indiana Military would expect Larson to install the wiring between the facility building and the concrete generator pad. Larson 28completed the work, and was fully paid for that work. In short, Indiana Military has not unjustly retained a benefit without payment.
The Court of Appeals set aside the trial court's ruling on quantum meruit and reversed its judgment.
January 29, 2014 in Government Contracting, Recent Cases | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Tuesday, January 7, 2014
More News on Government Technology Contracts
We have perviously posted examples of government contracting difficulties relating to technology contracts and websites. Saturday's New York Times featured this op-ed by Georgetown Law Professor David A. Super (pictured), which chronicles technology contracting problems that have disproportionately affected the poor.
Some recent technology contracts gone wrong that did not make the headlines:
- 66,000 Georgia food stamp recipients and about half that many Medicaid recipients had their benefits terminated for failing to respond to renewal notices that, through a contractor's error, had never been sent;
- A Massachusetts contractor deactivated food stamp cards because new ones had been sent without seeking any confirmation that the new ones had been received; and
- A contractor's errors made food stamps unavailable to people in 17 states.
Super concludes:
Properly supervised contractors can use technology to improve the delivery of government services. But attention, oversight and willingness to act decisively to remedy fiascoes seem to depend on the wealth and clout of those who are affected. As Obamacare regains its footing, that lesson shouldn't be forgotten.
January 7, 2014 in Government Contracting, In the News | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Wednesday, December 25, 2013
The Botched Obamacare Website Rollout and Government Contracts
It seemed unthinkable that the Obama administration could have so badly botched the rollout of the website associated with Obama's signature legislation, the Affordable Care Act (aka Obamacare). However, as The New York Times reported here on Monday, and as we have already discussed here and here, the technological fumble may be a result of broader problems in the structures of government procurement systems which may finally get the attention they deserve because of the high-profile Obamacare rollout fiasco.
To reduce the Times' report to its essence, the process of winning a government contract is very complex and daunting. There are two problemmatic consequences of this structural element of government contracting. First, it is hard for small companies or companies without expertise in the government procurement process to jump through all the hoops associated with that process. Second, when the contracts are both long term and deal with technology, the government in some cases would be better served by working with smaller, more nimble contractors that can innovate and adapt as technology develops. With technology improving at the rate at which it improves, the government cannot afford to get locked into multi-year contracts with entities that are not in a position to adapt as quickly as technology advances. As the Times puts it:
Longstanding laws intended to prevent corruption and conflict of interest often saddle agencies with vendors selected by distant committees and contracts that stretch for years, even as technology changes rapidly. The rules frequently leave the government officials in charge of a project with little choice over their suppliers, little control over the project's execution and almost no authority to terminate a contract that is failing.
"It may make sense if you are buying pencils or cleaning services," said David Blumenthal, who during Mr. Obama's first term led a federal office to promote the adoption of electronic health records. But it does not work "when you have these kinds of incredibly complex, data-driven, nationally important, performance-based procurements."
December 25, 2013 in Government Contracting, In the News | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Wednesday, December 11, 2013
Congressional Study Finds that Violation of Federal Labor Laws Is No Bar to the Award of Federal Contracts
As reported here in The New York Times, a new congressional study found that the U.S. government continues to enter into contracts with firms that have been assessed heavy penalties for violating fundamental labor laws. According to the report (unfortunately the Times provides no link and I could not find one through a quick Google search), 18 companies that received federal contracts were among the recipients of the 100 largest fines issued by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Thirty-two federal contractors were among the leading companies in the amount of back pay owed to employees for wage violations.
There were about 50 companies that, among them, totalled nearly 1800 violations. These companies were awarded $81 billion in contracts and paid nearly $200 million in fines and other assessments.
The congressional committee that produced the report called for higher standards but did not go so far as to recommend that companies with major violations of labor law be considered ineligible for the award of government contracts.
Thanks to our anonymous tipster (see comments below), we have been able to find the full study. Below is the Executive Summary:
Executive Summary
Each year, the United States pays out over $500 billion in taxpayer dollars to private companies for goods and services, much of which is used to pay the salaries of millions of workers. Taken together, companies that receive government contracts employ an estimated 22 percent of the American workforce, approximately 26 million workers.
Some of the nation's largest federal contractors fail to pay their workers the wages they have earned or provide their employees with safe and healthy working conditions. The analysis found that almost 30 percent of the top violators of federal wage and safety laws are also current federal contractors.
- Eighteen federal contractors were recipients of one of the largest 100 penalties issued by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) of the Department of Labor between 2007 and 2012. Almost half of the total initial penalty dollars assessed for OSHA violations were against companies holding federal contracts in 2012.
- Forty-two American workers died during this period as a result of OSHA violations by companies holding federal contracts in 2012.
- Thirty-two federal contractors received back wage assessments among the largest 100 issued by the Wage and Hour Division of the Department of Labor between 2007 and 2012.
- Thirty-five of these companies violated both wage and safety laws.
- Overall, the 49 federal contractors responsible for large violations of federal labor laws were cited for 1,776 separate violations of these laws and paid $196 million in penalties and assessments. In fiscal year 2012, these same companies were awarded $81 billion in taxpayer dollars.
Federal law is intended to prevent taxpayer dollars from increasing the profits of companies with a record of violating federal law in two ways: by requiring contracting officers to assess a prospective contractor's responsible compliance with federal law prior to awarding a contract, and by allowing agencies to suspend or debar contractors for certain behavior, including violations of federal law, in order to protect the integrity of taxpayer dollars.
In recent years, the federal government has increasingly used the contracting process to procure employee-based service work such as cleaning, security, and construction. However, a new analysis shows that taxpayer dollars are routinely being paid to companies that are putting the livelihoods and the lives of workers at risk. Many of the most flagrant violators of federal workplace safety and wage laws are also recipients of large federal contracts.
Almost half of the total initial penalty dollars assessed for OSHA violations were against companies holding current federal contracts.Unfortunately, this report demonstrates that the officials responsible for determining if a prospective contractor is a responsible entity prior to awarding a contract lack access to information on labor violations and lack the tools to evaluate the severity or repeated nature of these types of violations.
This is true even though the Clean Contracting Act of 2008 specifically required that a database be established to help agencies evaluate violations of federal law in making a responsibility determination. Some of the many incidents of misconduct that are not currently available to contracting officers in this database include:
- The death of a 46-year-old father of four, who was working as a washroom operator at a Cintas Corporation facility in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He was killed after being swept into an industrial dryer when he attempted to dislodge a clothes jam. The dryer continued to spin with him inside for 20 minutes at over 300 degrees. Cintas received $3.4 million in federal contracts in fiscal year 2012.
- The death of two employees of a Mississippi shipbuilding and ship repair company owned by ST Engineering Limited, who were killed when highly flammable materials being used to prepare a tugboat for painting ignited, leading to an explosion and fire. Findings of the investigation included failure to properly ventilate a confined space and lack of a rescue service available for a confined space. ST Engineering received $1.9 million in federal contracts in fiscal year 2012.
- The deaths of seven workers at an Anacortes, Washington refinery owned by Texas based Tesoro Corporation, who were killed when a heat exchanger ruptured and spewed vapor and liquid that exploded. The workers who died were standing near the area of the rupture specifically to attempt to stop leaks of the volatile, flammable gases in the facility which had not been inspected for 12 years prior to the rupture. Tesoro received $463 million in federal contracts in fiscal year 2012.
The federal government is not required to contract with the private sector. Indeed, many of the functions that private contractors carry out for the government could be done equally well or better by government employees. But, when the government does solicit work from the private sector, it should use taxpayer dollars in a way that promotes compliance with federal law and improves the quality of life for working Americans.
Ensuring that the government contracts with actors who do not engage in serious or repeated violations of federal labor law is one important step to further that goal. Recommendations that will better protect taxpayer dollars and promote compliance with laws that protect the lives and livelihoods of American workers by those who receive taxpayer money include:
- Improvements in the quality and transparency of Department of Labor information regarding violations of federal law.
- Publication of an annual list of federal contractors that were assessed penalties or other sanctions, and as well as additional information concerning contractor compliance with labor law by the Department of Labor.
- Improvement of contracting databases administered by the General Services Administration including increasing public transparency and expanding the amount of misconduct information included in those databases.
- Issuance of an Executive Order requiring contracting officers to consult with, and obtain recommendations from, a designated official at the Department of Labor about violations of federal labor law when making responsibility determinations.
- Issueance of an Executive Order to establish additional tools – beyond the existing responsibility determination and suspension and debarment process – that contracting officers, in consultation with the Department of Labor, can use to ensure that contractors comply with federal labor law.
December 11, 2013 in Government Contracting, In the News | Permalink | Comments (1) | TrackBack (0)
New in Print
Jennifer Camero, Zombieland: Seeking Refuge from the Statute of Frauds in Contracts for the Sale of Services or Goods, 82 UMKC L. Rev. 1 (2013)
James B. Helmer, Jr., False Claims Act: Incentivizing Integrity for 150 Years for Rogues, Privateers, Parasites and Patriots, 81 U. Cin. L. Rev. 1261 (2013)
Alan S. Kaplinsky & Mark J. Levin, Consumer Financial Services Azrbitration: What Does the Future Hold after Concepcion? 8 J. Bus. & Tech. L. 345 (2013)
Nicole F. Munro & Peter L. Cockrell, Drafting Arbitration Agreements: A Practitioner's Guide for Consumer Credit Contracts, 8 J. Bus. & Tech. L. 363 (2013)
Alexander A. Reinert & Lumen N. Mulligan, Asking the First Question: Reframing Bivens after Minneci, 90 Wash. U. L. Rev. 1473 (2013)
December 11, 2013 in Government Contracting, Recent Scholarship | Permalink | TrackBack (0)
Monday, December 2, 2013
California Controller Sues SAP for Failed Payroll System
According to this report from the Courthouse News Service, California Controller John Chiang is suing SAP Public Services (SAP), a company with which the state of California had contracted for payroll services software (MyCalPAYS) that would assist California in managing payments to its 240,000 employees. After three years of development and eight months of trials, California alleges that SAP still has not managed to get the system to work.
The system was projected to cost California taxpayers just over $100 million, but by the time it was cancelled, it had cost $260 million and never worked right, according to the state. The state claims that MyCalPAYS was tried out on a test goup, and the results were disastrous: overpayments, underpayments, failures to report deposits in retirement accounts, childcare payments and medical contributions. Although the state complained before declaring SAP to be in default, SAP contended that the system was working as designed.
As Courthouse News Service reports, California encounered similar problems when it contracted with software developer Deloitte to manage its statewide judicial case management system.
California, Kathleen Sebelius feels your pain.
December 2, 2013 in Government Contracting, In the News | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Wednesday, November 13, 2013
New in Print
M., Maj. Aimee Bateman, A Military Practitioner's Guide to the Military Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Act in Contingency Operations. Army Law 4 (2012)
Timothy Bunting, Play It Again, SAM: Taking Another Look at How Supplies and Services are Classified, 42 Pub. Cont. L.J. 549 (2013)
Martha M. Ertman, The Legacy of Jane Larson: The Politics of Practicality and Surprise. 28 Wis. J.L. Gender & Soc'y 207 (2013)
Mark P. Gergen, Negligent Misrepresentation As Contract. 101 Cal. L. Rev. 953 (2013)
Daniel I. Gordon, Bid Protests: The Costs Are Real, but the Benefits Outweigh Them. 42 Pub. Cont. L.J. 489 (2013)
Jonathan L. Kang, The Effect of the Court of Federal Claims' Decision in Systems Application & Technologies, Inc. v. United States on Contracting Officer Discretion to Take Corrective Action in Response to Protests before the GAO. 42 Pub. Cont. L.J. 585 (2013)
Vincent J. Napoleon & Shanelle Henry, Defense Contract Audit Agency's Access to Contractor Internal Audit Reports: Is Newport News Still the Standard? 42 Pub. Cont. L.J. 517 (2013)
Anthony Niblett, Tracking Inconsistent Judicial Behavior. 34 Int'l Rev. L. & Econ. 9 (2013)
November 13, 2013 in Government Contracting, Recent Scholarship | Permalink | TrackBack (0)
Wednesday, November 6, 2013
New in Print
Kimberly N. Brown, "We the People," Constitutional Accountability, and Outsourcing Government, 88 Ind. L.J. 1347 (2013)
Deborah L. Forman, Embryo Disposition, Divorce & Family Law Contracting: A Model for Enforceability, 24 Colum. J. Gender & L. 378 (2013)
Danielle Kie Hart, Revealing Privilege--Why Bother? 42 Wash. U. J.L. & Pol'y 131 (2013)
Bruce M. Kramer, Oil and Gas Leases and Pooling: A Look Back and a Peek Ahead, 45 Tex. Tech. L. Rev. 877 (2013)
Mohsen Manesh, Express Contract Terms and the Implied Contractual Covenant of Delaware Law. 38 Del. J. Corp. L. 1 (2013)
Kyle B. Sill, Drafting Effective Noncompete Clauses and Other Restrictive Covenants: Considerations Ccross the United States, 14 Fla. Coastal L. Rev. 365 (2013)
November 6, 2013 in Government Contracting, Recent Scholarship | Permalink | TrackBack (0)
Wednesday, October 30, 2013
New in Print
Keir X. Bancroft, Regulating Information Security in the Government Contracting Industry: Will the Rising Dide Lift All the Boats? 62 Am. U. L. Rev. 1145 (2013)
Roman Majtan, The Self-Cleaning Dilemma: Reconciling Competing Objectives of Procurement Processes, 45 Geo. Wash. Int'l L. Rev. 291 (2013)
Carol Dougherty Rasnic, Shootout at the ECJ Corral: Management 4, Labor 0; European Labor Dispute Law after Viking Line, 9 S.C. J. Int'l L. & Bus. 353 (2013)
Joseph Slater & Elijah Welenc, Are Public-Sector Employees "Overpaid" Relative to Private-Sector Employees? An Overview of the Studies, 52 Washburn L.J. 533 (2013)
Jessical Tillipman, The Congresional War on Contractors, 45 Geo. Wash. Int'l L. Rev. 235 (2013)
Matthew P. Vafidis, No Sanity Clause: Thoughts on the Bill of Lading Package Limitation, 25 U.S.F. Mar. L.J. 235 (2012-13)
David P. Weber, Restricting the Freedom of Contract: A Fundamental Prohibition, 16 Yale Hum. Rts. & Dev. L.J. 51 (2013)
October 30, 2013 in Government Contracting, Recent Scholarship | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Monday, September 30, 2013
Whistleblower Complaint Dismissed in Texas
Yusuf Farran, Executive Director of Facilities and Transportation with the Canutillo Independent School District, claims that he observed employee theft and falsification of time cars. He also claimed that the School District overpaid a contractor, Henry's Cesspool Services (kudos to you Henry for an honest description fo your business!). Farran complained to his supervisors about the contractor's failures to properly dispose of grease-trap waste. He allegedly was told to stop making any more complaints relating to the grease trap.
In March 2009, the School District first suspended and then fired Farran for unrelated reasons. While suspsended and while his termination was pending, Farran contacted the FBI to complain about Henry's Cesspool Services. When his termination was finalized, Farran brought a claim for breach of contract and wrongful termination in violation of Texas's Whistleblower Act.
On August 3oth, the Supreme Court of Texas dismissed Farran's complaint in Canutillo Independent School District v. Farran. "To establish a Whistleblower Act claim, the plaintiff must show that his report to a law enforcement authority caused him to suffer the complained-of adverse personnel action." Unfortunately for Farran, he contacted the FBI after he had already been warned to stop complaining about the grease trap and after he had been suspended and was due to be terminated. Farran bore the burden of showing that, but for the FBI report, the School District would have reversed course and reinstated him, but he could not do so. There was no evidence that the FBI report played a role in his termination.
The Texas Supreme Court also affirmed dismissal of Farran's breach of contract claim for failure to exhaust administrative remedies. Farran thought he did not need to do so because his breach of contract claim related to his Whistleblower act claim.
September 30, 2013 in Government Contracting, Recent Cases | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Wednesday, May 22, 2013
New in Print
Employee Rights and Employment Policy Journal
The Supreme Court's 2011-2012 Labor and Employment Law Decisions: From the Controversial to the Peripheral
L. Camille Hebert
Papers from the American Bar Foundation - The Labor Law Group Conference on The Proposed Restatement of Employment Law
The Proposed Restatement of Employment Law at Midpoint
Lea VanderVelde
The Restatement's Supersized Duty of Loyalty Pension
Michael Selmi
Contingent Loyalty and Restricted Exit: Commentary on the Restatement of Employment Law
Catherine Fisk & Adam Barry
An Excursion Through Strange Terrain: Chapter 6 (Defamation) And 7 (Privacy and Autonomy)
Matthew W. Finkin
What Should The Proposed Restatement of Employment Law Say About Remedies?
Alan Hyde
Remedies Doctrines in Employment Law: Ready to be Restated, or in Need of Remedial Remedies?
Robert Covington
Papers from the Associations of the American Law Schools 2012 Annual Meeting Section of Labor Relations and Employment Law
Introduction: Guaranteeing the Rights of Public Employees
Ann C. McGinley & Kenneth G. Dau-Schmidt
Sifting Through the Wreckage of the Tsunami that Hit Public Sector Collective Bargaining
Martin H. Malin
Five Dead in Ohio: Ohio Citizens Overwhelmingly Support Public Employee Collective Bargaining (61 Percent to 39 Percent) in a November 2011 State Referendum Blocking the Implementation of Senate Bill 5
Jeffrey H. Keefe
Maintaining Union Resources in an ERA of Public-Sector Bargaining Retrenchment
Ann C. Hodges
"Before Wisconsin and Ohio": The Quiet Success of Card-Check Organizing in the Public Sector
Timothy D. Chandler & Rafael Gely
May 22, 2013 in Government Contracting, Labor Contracts, Recent Scholarship | Permalink | TrackBack (0)
Friday, January 25, 2013
First Circuit Dismisses as Moot Contracts Case with Constitutional Implicatons
In 2006, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) recieved funds under the federal Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) and contracted with the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (the Conference) to provide services to trafficking victims. It did so after issuing a request for proposals (RFP) and receiving submissions only from the Conference and the Salvation Army, both of which are religiously affiliated.
The Conference insisted that the contract provide that neither the Conference nor any of its sub-contracts would use the TVPA funds to counsel or provide abortions or contraceptive services and prescriptions to trafficking victims. The panel that reviewed the RFP's deducted points from the Conference's submission because of that condition, but it still rated the Conference's RFP far more favorably than that of the Salvation Army.
The Conference did not provide any direct services to trafficking victims. Rather, it subcontracted with hundreds of other organizations, which provided services to over 2200 victims over a four-year period. The Conference entered into agreements with its sub-contractors prohibiting them from using TVPA for any purposes relating to contraception or abortion, but the sub-contractors were not prohibited from using their own funds for those purposes.
In 2009, the American Civil Liberties Union of Massachusetts (ACLUM) brought suit alleging that the contract violated the First Amendment's Establishment Clause. The contract expired in 2011, and HHS replaced its program run through the Conferece with a grant program in which the Conference as not involved. The District Court nonetheless granted ACLUM's motion for summary judgment in March 2012, finding that the claim was not moot because the "voluntary cessation" exception to the mootness doctrine applied.
On January 15, 2013, the First Circuit issued its opinion in American Civil Liberites Union of Massachusetts v. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, and it reversed. It remanded the case to the Distrcit Court for an entry of an order of dismissal because the case is rendered moot by the expiration of the contract at issue. In so doing, the First Circuit noted that the voluntary cessation doctrine has no application where the cessation is unrelated to the litigation. The exception exists to deter strategic behavior in which a party ceases the challenged behavior only to avoid further litigation and may reasonably be expected to resume the behavior once the threat of litigation has subsided. There is no likelihood that a contract will be awarded to the Conference in the foreseeable future, as HHS has locked itself into three-year agreements with other organizations under its new grant program.
As long as our first lady has ba-ba-ba-bangs [relevant "analysis" starts about a minute into the video], it seems unlikely that HHS will be contracting with the Conference and that, it seems, is enough to render ACLUM's challenge moot.
January 25, 2013 in Government Contracting, In the News, Recent Cases, Religion | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Friday, September 7, 2012
Panel on Military Contractors at American University's Washington College of Law
Coming Wednesday, September 12, 2012 at American University's Law School:
A panel discussion featuring:
Laura Dickinson, Oswald Symister Colclough Research Professor of Law, George Washington University. Author, Outsourcing War and Peace: Protecting Public Values in an Era of Privatized Foreign Affairs (Yale Univ. Press 2011)
Capt. Chad Fisher, U.S. Army. Chief, Branch IV, Government Appellate Division, U.S. Army Legal Services Agency; counsel for the United States in Ali.
Lt. Col Peter Kageleiry, Jr., U.S. Army. Senior Appellate Attorney, U.S. Army Defense Appellate Division; counsel for the Defendant-Appellant in Ali.
Steve Vladeck, Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Scholarship, Washington College of Law
On July 18, the highest court in the U.S. military justice system—the circuit-level Article I Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces ("CAAF")—issued the most significant ruling on the scope of U.S. military jurisdiction in the past 25 years. In its unanimous decision in United States v. Ali, 71 M.J. 256 (2012), CAAF upheld a 2006 amendment to the federal military code that authorizes the trial by court-martial of "persons serving with or accompanying an armed force in the field," including civilian contractors, during most overseas (and some domestic) military deployments. In so holding, CAAF distinguished a long line of Supreme Court decisions rejecting military jurisdiction over civilians both because the defendant in this case is a non-citizen and because his offense took place during a "contingency operation." This panel of experts—including the opposing counsel before CAAF in Ali—will debate the merits of the court's decision and seek to assess its potentially significant implications going forward with regard to contractor liability, the future of military jurisdiction in general, and the power of the military over civilians in particular.
Here's the flyer
Here's the website[JT]
September 7, 2012 in Conferences, Government Contracting, Law Schools | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Tuesday, July 31, 2012
Political Question Doctrine Precludes Adjudication of Tort Claims against Government Contractor
On January 2, 2008, Staff Seargant Ryan D. Maseth stepped into a shower in his living quarters at the Radwaniyah Palace Complex (RPC) outside of Baghdad and was killed by electrocution caused by a malfunctioning water pump that was not grounded and faulty electical infrastructure. His estate sued Kellogg, Brown and Root Services, Inc. (KBR), the contractor responsible for maintaining the facilities at RPC. On July 13th, the District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania dismissed the lawsuit, Harris v. Kellogg Brown & Root Services, Inc., finding that the political question doctrine and the combatant activities exception to the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA) barred the court from proceeding with the case any further.
The court had previously denied KBR's initial motion to dismiss on the same grounds, but after further discovery and two Circuit Court decisions that relied on the political question doctrine to dismiss torts claims against military contractors, the court reversed itself. While the court had initially assumed that KBR had discretion under its contracts with the military to make decisions about electrical repairs, it is now persuaded that any possible negligece by KBR cannot be divorced from military determinations.
On the political question doctrine, the court summarized its findings as follows:
[F]urther adjudication of this case will require evaluation of the military's decision to continue to house soldiers in hardstand buildings with hazardous electrical systems even though the military was aware that the buildings lacked grounding and bonding and the military possessed specific knowledge that such electrical deficiencies had resulted in electrocutions to military personnel, causing injuries and even deaths, prior to the events of this case.
In addition, the court concluded that the combatant activities exception to the FTCA also applied and provided a separate grounds for dismissal. Although that exception does not directly address its applicability to government contractors, courts have extended its protections to such contractors. The tough issue was whether or not KBR's activities had a direct relation to combat activities. The court concluded that they did.
July 31, 2012 in Government Contracting, Recent Cases | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Friday, July 27, 2012
Rocket Science: Boeing Sues Pentagon
Your tax dollars at work. Here's the story from the Wall Street Journal:
Six years after the Pentagon fostered consolidation of its largest rocket makers, Boeing Co. now claims Air Force officials reneged on promises to reimburse the company for hundreds of millions of dollars in development expenses.
Accusing Defense Department officials of violating basic principles of "good faith, fair dealing and cooperation," Boeing is pursuing a federal lawsuit seeking reimbursement of more than $380 million the company spent on rocket development years before it formed a joint venture with Lockheed Martin Corp.
The Pentagon encouraged its two largest rocket contractors, each struggling to recoup major investments in next generation boosters, to create a joint venture, promising to reimburse certain Boeing expenditures that predated the venture. Then, the lawsuit alleges, amid eroding commercial orders and rising launch costs, the Pentagon retroactively decided those commitments weren't binding.
The scuffle highlights the challenges of trying to control escalating costs of launching U.S. defense and spy satellites amid anticipated leaner budgets. Some military satellite launches cost around $200 million, substantially more than the joint venture initially was projected to charge.
The suit, filed last month in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims in Washington, D.C., alleges that Pentagon brass and high-ranking Air Force program managers reneged on assurances that Boeing would be able to recoup investments made prior to 2006 on the Delta IV rocket, the U.S. military's most powerful launcher. Military contractors rarely suggest Pentagon officials tricked them.
The courtroom fight comes after years of quiet disputes and sometimes public clashes over the issue, including a 2008 Senate committee hearing that raised questions about Boeing's earlier financial practices.
By squaring off against its biggest military customer, Chicago-based Boeing is spotlighting arcane legal issues that entail significant financial and public-perception risks for both sides. The suit comes amid heightened Pentagon worries that current satellite and rocket budgets won't fit into slimmed-down Pentagon spending plans.
According to Boeing, Pentagon officials have contended those earlier agreements aren't legally binding. Boeing has said that if its arguments fail, it could result in a loss attributed to the venture and a payment of "up to $317 million" to the joint venture.
Spokesmen for the Air Force and the Justice Department declined comment on the litigation. A Boeing spokesman said "we negotiated in good faith," adding that the original reimbursement terms "are valid and we hope this gets resolved." But he declined to elaborate on specific points raised in the suit.
* * *
The suit alleges that Boeing initially agreed to modify its Air Force contracts and then opted to create the joint venture, which was championed by the Pentagon, based on commitments that it would be able to gradually recover expenditures it made between 1998 and 2006.
The joint venture is in the running to launch manned capsules for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration later in this decade.
The consolidation was considered essential because it allowed both financially struggling rocket systems to stay in production in order to provide the Pentagon assured access to space. The companies haven't disclosed their total losses on the two programs.
Boeing and Lockheed Martin together spent several billion dollars to develop the rockets starting in the mid-1990s, with the Pentagon contributing about $500 million in seed money to each program. But as costs soared and the outlook for commercial launches eroded by 2006, it became clear that they couldn't recoup all of those investments. A 50-50 joint venture was created to reduce overhead while keeping both rockets in production.
Boeing's earlier expenditures became a major topic of negotiation as early as 2005. In the suit, Boeing stresses that it "clearly and repeatedly conditioned its willingness" to follow the Pentagon's lead based on the government's pledges to reimburse the company's investments in hardware, personnel, program management and certain fixed costs.
In the court filing, Boeing said its "ability to recover its inventoried costs was a precondition" to continued participation in the rocket program.
But Boeing argues that after starting the reimbursement process, the Defense Department in 2008 reversed course and turned down all subsequent reimbursement requests.
The lawsuit, which also lists the joint venture as a plaintiff, suggests the change of heart was prompted by a Pentagon inspector general's review. An Air Force contracting officer ordered payments suspended in the fall of 2008, the day after the inspector general formally recommended such action.
If I am able to obtain a copy of the complaint, I will post it. I am interested to see the "arcane legal issues" that Boeing "spotlights." In the interim, some of the article comments over at the WSJ are actually worth reading.
UPDATE: Here's the complaint: Download BoeingPentagonComplaint.
[Meredith R. Miller]
July 27, 2012 in Government Contracting, In the News | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Tuesday, June 26, 2012
United States Found in Breach of Contracts with Indian Tribes; Ordered to Pay in Full
Pursuant to the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (ISDA), the Secretary of the Interior enters into contracts with Indian tribes. The tribes the provide services that would otherwise be provided by the Federal Government. ISDA requires that the Secretary (pictured) pay "contract support costs" incurred by tribes in connection with the contracts, subject to the availability of appropriations. However, between 1994 and 2001, Congress appropriated funds sufficient to cover only between 77% and 92% of the aggregate contract support costs. It instead paid portions of the contracts on a pro rata basis. The tribes sued for breach of contract prusuant to the Contract Disputes Act.
The issue decided June 18th by the U.S. Supreme Court in Salazar v. Ramah Navajo Chapter was whether the U.S. government must pay those contracts in full when Congress fails to appropriate sufficient funds. The District Court had granted summary judgment to the Government, but the 10th Circuit Court of Appeals reversed, because Congress had made sufficient funds "legally available." Judge Sotomayor, writing for the 5-3 majority, uphled the 10th Circuit.
Just seven years ago, in Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma v. Leivitt, 543 U.S. 631, the Court faced a similar situation and ruled that the Government was not excused from its contractual obligations where Congress has appropriated sufficient funds to pay the tribes but the Indian Health Service, but the agency had decided to allocate the money elsewhere. Here, Congress appropriated sufficient money to Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) but that agency had not allocated sufficient funds to pay the contracts at issue here. The Majority also relied on Ferris v. United States, which provides that the Government is responsible to a contractor for the full amount due under a contract even if the agency exhausts is appropriation in the service of other permissible ends.
Chief Justice Roberts, joined by Justices Ginsburg, Breyer and Alito, dissented, noting that the Government's obligation to pay was made expressly contingent on the availability of appropriations and that payments under the contracts were not to exceed a set amount, which will be exceeded as a result of the Majority's ruling, nor can the Secretary be required to reduce funding for aother programs in order to make funds available under the contracts. For the dissenting Justices, ISDA creates a triply whammy that the Majority ignores. It provides that the Government's obligations are (1) subject to the availability of appropriations; (2) not to exceed a set amount; and (3) limited because the Secretary is relieved from any oblgiation to make funds available to one contractor by reducing payments to others.
The Majority responds by noting that this confuses appropriations by Congress, which were adequate to cover all the conracts at issue, and the allocation of those funds by the BIA.
June 26, 2012 in Government Contracting, Recent Cases | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Monday, June 25, 2012
Jury Awards $6.08 Million to Developers in Suit Against San Jose
As reported here by the San Jose Mercury News, a Santa Clara County jury has awarded Silicon Valley developer Carl Berg $6.08 million in a breach of contract dispute against the City of San Jose for its failure to enact a timely planning process that would allow up to 5,200 homes to be built in the Evergreen area.
Berg's suit alleged that city officials let him and other Evergreen property owners to believe for four years that rezoning of their industrial property to residential property would be approved. As a result, the owners agreed to pay the city $8.8 million to conduct a community planning process as part of their development applications. However, in 2006, when Chuck Reed ran for mayor, Reed argued that the council should not approve the rezoning. Reed wanted to preserve the land for potential industrial uses that would generate jobs and taxes for the city. Ultimately, Reed won this argument, and in 2007 San Jose rejected the Evergreen zoning. As reported by mercurynews.com, Berg commented that "there are inherent risks in getting development agreements processed by municipal agencies." According to Berg "the City of San Jose took the unique approach of creating a contract with us, asking for money up front, in exchange for expediting our applications." However, according to Berg, the City never even created a process for review of Berg's application, and on that basis the jury found that the City breached its agreement with Berg and thus should refund money paid by him and the other Evergreen property owners
Mayor Reed likened the verdict to buying a car, driving it for a while, then asking to return it for a full refund. Here, the City says it is being asked to return money for many services it already rendered through the Planning Department and consultants. The City plans an appeal.
[JT and Christina Phillips]
June 25, 2012 in Government Contracting, Recent Cases | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Monday, June 4, 2012
Seventh Circuit Affirms Dismissal of Labor Union's Contracts Clause Claims
Council 31 of the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, AFL-CIO (the Union) represents 40,000 employees in the state of Illinois. It agreed to certain cost-saving measures, including deferred wage increases, in order to help Illinois address significant budget pressures. When Illinois did not emerge from its financial woes, it instituted a wage freeze, repudiating the earlier deal.
The Union brought suit, citing inter alia the Contracts Clause, and seeking an injunction forcing the state to pay the wage increases as they came due. Illinois brought a motion to dismiss, which the District Court granted. In Council 31 v. Quinn, the Seventh Circuit affirmed.
The case is procedurally complex, especially since the parties proceeded with arbitration, in which the Union prevailed in part, and that ruling is subject to an on-going appeal in the state courts. Meanwhile, the 7th Circuit addressed only constitutional claims brought pursuant to the Contracts Cluase and the Equal Protection Clause against Illinois Governor Quinn and from the State's Department of Central Management Services Director Malcolm Weems, both in their offiical capacities.
Although the Union characterized its claims as seeking only injunctive and declaratory relief, the true aim was to get the state to make expenditures from its treasury. As such, not withstanding Ex parte Young, the Eleventh Amendment barred the Union's Contracts Clause claims against the defendants.
Even if there were no Eleventh Amendment bar to the suit, the Court also found that the Union could not state a claim under the Contracts Clause because it alleged only an ordinary breach of contract, which is insufficient to constitute an "impairment" of contractual relations for the purposes of the Contracts Clause. The reasons why this is so have to do with the state's defenses to the Union's claims in the arbitration proceedings and the state court appeals thereof. The basic argument is that appropriate legislative appropriations were a condition precedent to its duties to pay the wage increases. If that argument succeeds, there was no contractual impairment. If it fails, there is no need for a federal court injunction because the Union will have prevailed.
The Court dismissed the Union's Equal Protection claim because the challenged state rules withstand rational basis scrutiny.
June 4, 2012 in Government Contracting, Labor Contracts, Legislation, Recent Cases | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Tuesday, May 29, 2012
Guest Post: How Do Surety Bond Costs Affect Small Contracting Firms?
Here is the first guest post by guest blogger Danielle Rodabaugh
It's no secret that the economy plays a huge role when it comes to competition in the construction industry. When the economy is down, competition goes up, and small contracting firms typically have trouble competing with larger ones. When construction professionals are unprepared to pay for the surety bonds required for large projects, the opportunity for small firms to gain access to business becomes even more limited.
Before I go much further, I'd like to review the use of surety bonds in the construction industry, as the surety market remains relatively mysterious to those who work outside of it. As explained in more detail here, the financial guarantees provided by contractor bonding keep project owners from losing their investments.
Each surety bond that's issued functions as a legally binding contract among three entities. The obligee is the project owner that requires the bond as a way to ensure project completion. When it comes to contract surety, the obligee is typically a government agency that's funding a project. The principal is the contractor or contracting firm that purchases the bond as a way to guarantee future work performance on a project. The surety is the insurance company that underwrites the bond with a financial guarantee that the principal will do the job appropriately.
Government agencies require construction professionals to purchase surety bonds for a number of reasons that vary depending on the nature of a project. For example, bid bonds keep contractors from increasing their project bids after being awarded a contract. Payment bonds ensure that contractors pay for all subcontractors and materials used on a project. Performance bonds ensure that contractors complete projects according to contract. When contractors break these terms, project owners can make claims on the bonds to gain reparation.
The federally enforced Miller Act requires contractors in every state to file payment and performance bonds on any publicly funded project that costs $100,000 or more. However, state, county, city and even subdivisions might require contractors to provide additional contract bonds, such as license bonds or bid bonds, before they can be approved to work on certain projects. Or, sometimes local regulations require payment and performance bonds on publicly funded projects that cost much less than $100,000. Contractors should always verify that they're in compliance with all local bonding regulations before they begin planning their work on a project.
Although the purpose of contractor bonding is to limit the amount of financial loss project owners might have to incur on projects-gone-wrong, the associated costs can limit the projects that smaller contracting firms have access to.
Surety bonds do not function as do traditional insurance policies. When insurance companies underwrite surety bond contracts, they do so under the assumption that claims will never be made against the bonds. As such, underwriters closely scrutinize every principal before agreeing to issue a contract bond.
Furthermore, the premiums construction professionals have to pay to get bonded might come as a surprise to those who know little about contractor bonding. Contractors often get tripped up with how much surety bonds will cost and how they'll pay for them — especially when it comes to independent contractors who operate small firms. Surety bond premiums are calculated as a percentage of the bond amount. The higher the required bond amount, the higher the premium. Thus, purchasing bonds for large projects obviously costs contractors more than purchasing bonds for small projects.
The percentage rate used to calculate the premium depends on a number of factors, including the contractor's credit score, years of professional experience and record of past work performance. The stronger these variables are, the lower the surety bond rate. The weaker these variables are, the higher the surety bond rate.
As such, small firms often find it hard to compete for large projects because they struggle to either qualify for the required bonds or pay the hefty premiums. When contractors are unable to secure contractor bonding as required by law, they are not permitted to work on projects. This, consequently, typically limits large public projects to large contracting firms that can both qualify for and afford to purchase large bonds. Fortunately, when small contracting firms fail to qualify for the commercial bonding market, the Small Business Administration does offer a special bonding program to help them secure the necessary bonding.
Smaller contractors can improve their situation by reading up on the surety bond regulations that are applicable to their area. Those who understand the surety process and how various factors affect their bond premiums should find themselves better prepared to apply for the bonds they need.
[Posted by JT on behalf of Danielle Rodabaugh]
May 29, 2012 in Commentary, Government Contracting, Legislation, True Contracts | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Tuesday, May 8, 2012
Boots on the Ground (or Perhaps on a Shelf in Uganda)
According to this report from the local pages of the Washington Post, a non-profit organization, Bancroft Global Development (BGD), ordered 18,000 pairs of combat boots (actual model not pictured) from Atlantic Diving Supply (ADS) as part of a $1.4 milion contract that included other items. ADS claims that BGD paid for only half the order and has sued BGD seeking over $1 million,
BGD has counter-sued, seekign $1.1 million and claiming that the boots provided were not really combat boots but costume boots that did not satisfy military requirements. Two years after delivery, the boots are said to be sitting in storage in Uganda. BGD was working with a Ugandan partner organization, which had won a State Department contract to provide military supplies for the Somali Transitional Federal Government.
The case potentially raises interesting UCC questions, since the goods were allegedly "rejected" but not returned. The case also raises potential issues of misunderstanding reminiscent of Frigaliment. BGD apparently wanted the cheapest boots it could buy, but the boots that it got, although called "combat boots" are, according to one industry expert quoted in the Washington Post, suitable only for youth groups and marching bands. One wonders what sort of youth groups require combat boots . . . .
May 8, 2012 in Commentary, Government Contracting, In the News | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)


text: http://www.linuxquestions.org – I was under the impression that Ubuntu came with a bunch of software. However, I went to the Software Center to see if a C++ compiler was available, but I didn't see one listed; there was only, "Calculator", "Text Editor", etc. And I see the LibreOffice products. What is the recommended C++ compiler for Ubuntu and where do I find it? If it is already here, what am I overlooking, since I don't see it? (I just installed Ubuntu 13.04 and am running it from a USB drive.) (HowTos)


text:
Friendship Quotes, Sayings for friends - Page 7
"Friends are like pieces of a puzzle. If you loose one it will never be complete again, I just want you to know that you are one of those pieces in my life I can't afford to lose."
"A friend is like a teddy bear; you hug it and cry to it when you're sad
you talk to it when you feel alone! it doesn't matter what color,
size or condition its in, it's there for you no matter what"
When you cry, I laugh with the tear in my eye. When you laugh with the tear in your eye, I cry. This is because when we die, we know that we ALWAYS made the other laugh with tears in their eye, but yet still know NEVER cried alone.<3
to my best friend Cassy. You know you can beat Cancer, so keep this in mind(L). XO.xO
A true friend is the one who nows when ur upset and talks to,
who knows when enough is enough,
and who keeps a secret when you need to tell>
A friend is someone who knows where you've been, sees what you've become, and still invites you to grow.
A day without friends is like the sky without a sun…
A Friend Will Tell U How Nice U R But A Best Friend Will Get Up On Top Of The Tables At Lunch And Yell "This Is My Best Friend And She Is The Bestest Friend A Gurl Can Have And I Know All Of U Wish U Had A Friend Like Her But U Dont Because She Is My Best Friend So Ha"
You'll find a friend who will become your life and somone you trust more then urself
then comes a time wen they break ur trust and ruin ur life
u want them back but they just changed to much that its not worth trying
i made new friends but…its just not the same without u
A friend is someone who is afraid of letting you down, but never does.
Life is not about who's real to your face, it's about who's real behind your back.
In a fight friends will stay behind you and back you up but best friends will be in front of you to catch the punches.


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All of the artists featured on this unique Rough Guide present distinctive, original sounds emanating from Africa, selected exclusively from groups entering World Music Network's 'Battle of the Bands' competition. Check out Tani Diakite's brand of Afro-funk, Simo Lagwani's Moroccan gnawa grooves and Wayo's South Sudanese trance percussion.
Bonus CD: Sotho Sounds - 'Junk Funk'
Sotho Sounds are funky shepherds from the Kingdom of Lesotho who have quite literally invented their own music, crafted their own instruments and now continue to follow their own mission - turning junk into funk.


text:
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text:
Mitt Romney Overdoing It
There's a happy medium between robot and maniac.By Dan Amira
There's a happy medium between robot and maniac.By Dan Amira
Romney is on the attack.By Brett Smiley
... starting twelve months from now.By Jonathan Chait
Tell us how you really feel, Mitt.By Brett Smiley
We lasted ... twelve seconds.By Dan Amira
"I've heard it laughed about a couple of times. But not as much as you would have thought."By Dan Amira
According to his fund-raiser attendees.By Noreen Malone
This is getting complicated.By Dan Amira
Romney's "ordinary guy" narrative is wearing off.By Sarah Frank
He got that many more votes than Romney in Iowa.By Noreen Malone
Yikes.By Dan Amira
He's delighted by many things!By Dan Amira
If he can't talk about his finances in a way that makes him seem down-to-earth, maybe he can show you with his clothes.By Amy Odell
From his speaking fees alone.By Noreen Malone
That powerful and moving documentary about how Bain capital destroyed lives and ruined Christmas turns out to be sloppy with the facts.By Jonathan Chait
Lately, they're curious about Mitt Romney's anatomy.By Noreen Malone
Thirty minutes of Romney personally killing jobs to increase his personal wealth.By Brett Smiley
Family man.By Brett Smiley
Just think of him as a businessman.By Sarah Frank


text:
Items for Sale
Model T Giant Jumbo 3 spd Transmission
Location: Mercer Island; Price $125 OBO.
3 speed with reverse; needs some work. This will improve the drivability of your Model T. I have two and I only need one.
Model T Truck Rear End w/20" Wheels
Price: $90; location: Mercer Island
Model T Truck rear end with adapter for Model A. These are 20 inch wheels.
Contact: #206-604-7380 John Ford
I will deliver to monthly meeting or work out delivery.
1923 Model T Touring
Strong runner, brand new tires, have complete set of beautiful original top bows
and good used top that goes with the car.
Harold Schwendeman 253-845-8836
Larry Fairchild has his Speedster for sale.
2 model T rear fenders and 2 1918-23 touring door skins. $100.00
Ron Duris- 253-355-3133
Model T cars for sale
- 1925 T Touring - good shape with new tires, 1926 running gear - Ruckstell axle - $8,000.00.
- 1924 C-Cab Ton Truck project - with some new parts, Ruckstell axle - $1,500.00
- 1914 T Touring project car - $4,000.00
- 1919 T Roadster project car - $3,000.00
Contact Gary Ebbert: phone: 1-360-876-4954 or email Gary
Top Irons off a 1920 Touring $100
Pretty good shape!
Ron Duris 253-355-3133
This Design is available to Club members.
Contact Shawn Reimann at 360-367-0845
|| Home || Officers || Members || Current Events || Past Events || Parts Wanted || For Sale || Services Offered ||


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We love Lake Lure and we love Ivivi Lodge. Everything was perfect. Have never stayed in another B and B like this, hope to go back.
My husband and I stayed at Ivivi for our "mini" honeymoon this past year. We enjoyed the stay: the breakfast were delicious; the views, excellent; and hospitality was gracious.
At the time of our stay, we were the only new visitors; all others were repeat customers which says a lot about the B+B.
The location provided what we were looking...
We stayed at Ivivi on our honeymoon two years ago. I would not recommend this place to anyone. The building itself seems to be very poorly constructed because we could hear everything occurring throughout the house from our room. They held a dinner party there one night during our stay, and it sounded like a herd of elephants was stampeding...
I have to say of all the places I have visited, this place beats them all hands down. My husband and I enjoyed our weekend thoroughly. They take care of every detail. They give new meaning to the word pamper without being intrusive. The room was very relaxing and comfortable.
The staff was very accomodating and professional. The veiw from...
Own or manage this property? Claim your listing for free to respond to reviews, update your profile and much more.


text:
OAKLAND (AP) - Oakland Raiders owner Mark Davis confirmed he has met with San Antonio officials but declined to disclose whether he has any interest in relocating the franchise to Texas.
HOUSTON (AP) - In the first inning against Houston, Jason Hammel picked up right where he left off since coming to the Oakland Athletics.
OAKLAND (AP) - Ray Guy built a Hall of Fame career of making other people wait.
SANTA CLARA (AP) - San Francisco wide receiver Anquan Boldin laughs - a big, hearty guffaw - and shakes his head.
SAN FRANCISCO (AP) - Jean Machi and the San Francisco Giants ended their six-game losing streak in the most wacky way. They don't care how it happened, any break is welcome these days.
LOS ANGELES (AP) - The House That Wooden Built is waterlogged.
NEW YORK (AP) - Former Commissioner David Stern praised the NBA's handling of the Donald Sterling controversy and predicts it will "end well" for the league.
MIAMI (AP) - One of the last things Miami Heat President Pat Riley told LeBron James before free agency began this summer was that he would be selling potential players on the notion of playing alongside a four-time NBA MVP.
AKRON, Ohio (AP) - Tiger Woods finds out over the next two weeks if his season is over or just getting started.
Rafael Nadal withdrew Wednesday from U.S. Open tuneups in Toronto and Cincinnati because of a right wrist injury, putting in doubt his status for a title defense at the year's last Grand Slam tournament.
RENO, Nev. (AP) - The 16th edition of Reno's PGA Tour event has a new sponsor, a new name, no defending champ and a modified Stableford scoring format that encourages aggressive play up and down the edge of the Sierra Nevada.
STANFORD (AP) - Serena Williams looked healthy and played sharp in her first tournament since defaulting during a doubles match with sister Venus at Wimbledon.
LOS ANGELES (AP) - Vin Scully poked fun at himself after word came out that he plans to return for his record 66th season in the Los Angeles Dodgers' broadcast booth next year.
PHOENIX (AP) - Arizona Diamondbacks infielder Eric Chavez announced his retirement Wednesday, ending his 17-year major league career at the age of 36.
PHOENIX (AP) - Aeneas Williams spent most of his NFL career on bad teams.
Page 192 of 656
NEW YORK (AP) - A teenage fan at Yankee Stadium showed off quite an arm Sunday - at the expense of All-Star outfielder Brett Gardner.
OAKLAND (AP) - His new teammates can only shake their heads. Danny Valencia, acquired off waivers a week ago, continues to impress.
CHICAGO (AP) - Buster Posey and the San Francisco Giants capped a rough road trip with a difficult weekend in Chicago.
NAPA (AP) - For all the good that Derek Carr accomplished as a rookie starting 16 games at quarterback for the Oakland Raiders, there was one ...
SAN ANTONIO (AP) - Having established himself as the shadow world champion in three events, Michael Phelps pondered the last time he felt this good.
SANTA CLARA (AP) - Eli Harold came to work Friday morning and was hit quickly with the realization there would be no more easing into his ...
SAN ANTONIO (AP) - Michael Phelps held up one finger, leaving no doubt he's No. 1.
SANTA CLARA (AP) - More than missing one of the game's most menacing pass rushers, the San Francisco 49ers care that Aldon Smith can carry ...
STANFORD (AP) - Karolina Pliskova of the Czech Republic advanced to the Bank of the West Classic semifinals Friday, beating Croatia's Ajla Tomljanovic 6-2, 6-4.
NAPA (AP) - Charles Woodson is showing few signs of slowing down even at age 38.
CHICAGO (AP) - The way Kyle Schwarber was hitting the ball, Joe Maddon felt he had no choice but to keep him in the lineup.
CHICAGO (AP) - San Francisco Giants right-hander Mike Leake was placed on the 15-day disabled list because of a strained left hamstring.
OAKLAND (AP) - Josh Phegley had two hits and drove in a run, Danny Valencia hit a home run and Sonny Gray won a pitching duel ...
Page 29 of 29
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text:
Chicken and Zucchini Curry
Unexpected flavors meld perfectly in this easy and economical chicken dish, which uses canned chickpeas and quick-cooking zucchini for extra punches of taste and nutrition.
Level: Easy
Serves: 4
Advertisement - Continue Reading Below
- 1 can chickpeas
- 1 lb. skinless, boneless chicken thighs
- 1 can chickpeas
- 1 lb. zucchini
- 2 tbsp. curry powder
- 1 c. mild salsa
- ½ c. water
- In 12-inch skillet, cook chicken on medium-high 7 minutes or until browned, stirring often.
- Add chickpeas and zucchini. Cook 3 minutes or until zucchini is just tender, stirring.
- Add curry powder and cook 1 minute, stirring. Stir in salsa and water. Simmer, stirring, 4 minutes or until chicken loses its pink color.
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text:
Baghari Perfume
By Robert Piguet for Women
Baghari Perfume by Robert Piguet, First of five fragrances to be reformulated by the house of piguet, this is a sophisticated floral/chypre for women . The scent was reformulated by perfumer aurelian guichard. The fragrance features aldehydes, iris, amber, musk, violet, vanilla, jasmine, vetiver, neroli, bergamot and bulgarian rose. All products are original, authentic name brands. We do not sell knockoffs or imitations. ... Read More
- U By Adolfo Dominguez
- U2 Brands
- Udv Chic Issime
- Udv Divine Issime
- Udv Gold Issime
- Udv Pour Elle
- Udv Sensuelle
- Udv Sublime
- Ulric De Varens
- Ulrich Lang New York
- Ultima II
- Ultimate Seduction
- Ultrared
- Ultraviolet
- Ultraviolet Aquatic
- Ultraviolet Aurora Borealis
- Ultraviolet Fluoressence
- Ultraviolet Intense
- Un Air D'amour Pour Madame
- Un Air De Arabie
- Un Air De Damas
- Un Air De Damas Tubereuse
- Un Air De Paris
- Un Air De Samsara
- Un Bois Sepia
- Un Bois Vanille
- Un Jardin Apres La Mousson
- Un Jardin En Mediterranee
- Un Jardin Sur Le Nil
- Un Jardin Sur Le Toit
- Un Matin D'orage
- Un Parfum Des Sens Et Bois
- Un Zest De Rose
- Unbelievable
- Unbound
- Unbreakable Bond
- Unbreakable Joy
- Unbreakable Love
- Unconditional Love
- Unforgettable
- Unforgivable
- Unforgivable Black
- Ungaro
- Ungaro For Her
- Ungaro Party
- Uninhibited
- United Colors Of Benetton
- United Colors Of Benetton Gold
- Universal Studios
- Unknown
- Unmistakably Mackie
- Unpredictable Desire
- Unpredictable Girl
- Unpredictable Lady
- Unruly
- Untold
- Untold Absolu
- Urban Motion
- Usher
- Usher For Women
- Usher Ur
3.4 oz Eau De Parfum Spray
Item #461295
In Stock & Ready to Ship!
$ 95.05Add To Cart
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About Robert Piguet
History and background of Robert Piguet. Robert Piguet was born in Yverdon, Switzerland in 1901. After training as a banker, Piguet went to Paris in 1918, where he worked with REDFERN and POIRET. He founded his own salon in 1933. He hired or used designs by many famous designers, as well as using his own designs. Antonio Castillo worked from 1936 to 1944, Christian DIOR worked from 1938 to 1942. Read more about Robert Piguet
More Robert Piguet fragrancesfor Women: Petit Fracas , Visa , Gardenia Robert Piguet , Casbah , Bandit , more
for Men: Bandit , Cravache , Fracas ,
See all Robert Piguet products
Customer Comments
Merchandise quality is the same as the malls. Packaging of product is fabulous. I received package sooner than expected. I don't think I'll ever buy my fragrances anywhere else
C. Hess (Tempe, AZ)
REVIEW SNAPSHOT®by PowerReviews
- Great smell (5)
- Great value (5)
- Sensual (5)
- Long-lasting (4)
Best Uses
- Signature fragrance (3)
- Reviewer Profile:
- Classic style (4)
- Fragrance Type:
- Oriental/spicy (4), Powdery (4), Floral (3)
Reviewed by 9 customers
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- Clean & Fresh
- Great Smell
- Great Value
- Long-Lasting
- Sensual
- Sexy
Best Uses
Comments about Robert Piguet Baghari Perfume:
Just two sprays are enough for the full day :)
- Fragrance Type:
- Fresh/Aquatic, Powdery
- Great Smell
- Pricey / Poor Value
Best Uses
- Evening Use
Comments about Robert Piguet Baghari Perfume:
It's very good. But not perfect. I like it, but don't want
To buy again.
- Fragrance Type:
- Oriental/Spicy
- Great Smell
- Great Value
- Not Overpowering
- Sensual
- Doesn't Hold
Best Uses
- Evening Use
Comments about Baghari Perfume:
I smelled it at a perfume shop thought it was nice, but didn't buy it there. Later I kept thinking of it, but to be honest, I forgot what it smelled like, I only remembered it was very good. Now I own a bottle and still can't exactly pinpoint what I am smelling so it's a mysterious perfume to me. I would describe it as an orangey aldehydic perfume. It doesn't last too long (5-6 hours) and it's not a strong perfume. By the way, I am a guy and like Robert Piguet's line of perfumes!
- Fragrance Type:
- Citrus/Fruity, Floral, Oriental/Spicy, Powdery
Best Uses
Comments about Baghari Perfume:
- Draws Compliments
- Great Smell
- Long-Lasting
Best Uses
- Daily Use
- Signature Fragrance
Comments about Baghari Perfume:
This is a sensational chypre. If you like Chanel No 5 you'll adore this as my friend did. People ask what it is. It is a great lunching with the ladies or wedding scent. I think it lends itself to the more mature sophisticated person.
- Fragrance Type:
- Powdery
Displaying reviews 1-5
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text:
Buildings Made Of Previously Charred Lumber Reduce House Fire Risk [Pics]
The ancient Japanese tradition of Shou Sugi Ban burns wood as a strategy to preserve it and keep away insects and rot.
The ancient Japanese technique of Shou Sugi Ban ('Yakisugi') preserves wood by charring it. This makes it less susceptible to fire and helps keep away insects and rot.
The process involves charring the wood, cooling it, cleaning it, and finishing it with a natural oil. It is becoming more widely available for domestic use and presents new opportunities in design to create attractive buildings that are safer.
Burning timber provides a beautiful and long lasting product. Delta Millworks of Texas are the premier supplier of Shou Sugi Ban in the U.S. and the UK company Shou Sugi Ban uses the traditional technique to offer uniqueness to each individual project.
The manufacturing process is detailed, accurate and dangerous, creating anything from a highly burnt fragile look to a sleek and contemporary finish. Click through to see some examples of the ancient technique:
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PSFK Labs Presents
The Future of Connected Life
The New Consumer and Their Journey to Effectiveness, Balance & Personal Growth


text:
The ballet Sylvia has undergone many reincarnations since its 1876 premier by the Paris Opéra Ballet. Some of the past two centuries' most notable choreographers—Sir Frederick Ashton, George Balanchine, Mark Morris and John Neumeier—have seemed inescapably drawn to creating their own versions of this ballet, as if it was an artistic scratch they simply had to itch. In this 2005 clip, Darcey Bussell dances the title role in Ashton's revived version for The Royal Ballet.
It turns out that Queen Elizabeth was quite a fan—and friend—of Sir Frederick Ashton. A new book is publishing many of her private letters, including the one at right to the Royal Ballet choreographer. Check out her sketch of "ballet on a pinnacle"!
Sign up to ClubPointe for monthly updates


text:
Printer Friendly Version Of
American Sociological Association: Section on Consumers and Consumption
Section on Consumers and Consumption
Mission Statement
The Section on the Sociology of Consumers and Consumption seeks to promote research, dialog and teaching about the multi-faceted ways in which consumers, commodities, consumption and market logics have come to inform virtually all aspects of social life and social interaction.
Chair, Frederick Wherry, Yale University
Chair-Elect, Juliet B. Schor, Boston College
Past Chair, Sharon Zukin, Brooklyn College and City University of New York Graduate Center
Secretary/Treasurer, Laura J. Miller, Brandeis University
Council Members
Amy Hanser, University of British Columbia 2016
Jennifer Smith Maguire, Univeristy of Leicester 2016
Sarah Cappeliez, Universty of Toronto 2016
Jeremy Markham Schulz, University of California, Berkeley 2017
Chair of Publications and Media, 2013-2015
Nicki Lisa Cole, Institute for Advanced Studies on Science, Technology and Society in Graz, Austria
Student Representative:Sarah Cappeliez, University of Toronto 2016
Section Home Page
Please go to the Section Website for updates and information. We are pleased to partner with the Charisma Network ,Consumer Culture Theory and the Sociology of Consumption of the European Sociological Association.


text:
Engineering Analysis with ANSYS Software
- Tadeusz Stolarski, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Brunel University, UK
- Y. Nakasone, Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science
- S. Yoshimoto, Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science
For all engineers and students coming to finite element analysis or to ANSYS software for the first time, this powerful hands-on guide develops a detailed and confident understanding of using ANSYS's powerful engineering analysis tools. The best way to learn complex systems is by means of hands-on experience. With an innovative and clear tutorial based approach, this powerful book provides readers with a comprehensive introduction to all of the fundamental areas of engineering analysis they are likely to require either as part of their studies or in getting up to speed fast with the use of ANSYS software in working life. Opening with an introduction to the principles of the finite element method, the book then presents an overview of ANSYS technologies before moving on to cover key applications areas in detail.Key topics covered:Introduction to the finite element methodGetting started with ANSYS softwarestress analysis dynamics of machines fluid dynamics problemsthermo mechanics contact and surface mechanicsexercises, tutorials, worked examples With its detailed step-by-step explanations, extensive worked examples and sample problems, this book will develop the reader's understanding of FEA and their ability to use ANSYS's software tools to solve their own particular analysis problems, not just the ones set in the book.View full description
Professional mechanical, civil and electrical engineers who are developing ANSYS skills; Students of mechanical, civil and electrical engineering taking an introductory Finite Element, modelling and analysis or related course using ANSYS, plus applied areas such as aerospace
Book information
- Published: December 2006
- Imprint: BUTTERWORTH HEINEMANN


text:
Items where Author is "Peran, Ivana"
Group by: Item Type | No Grouping
Number of items: 1.
Korać, Petra and Peran, Ivana and Škrtić, Anita and Ajduković, Radmila and Radić Krišto, Delfa and Dominis, Mara (2009) FOXP1 expression in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and multiple myeloma. Pathology International, 59 (5). pp. 354-8. ISSN 1320-5463