text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jan 27, 2004
|Filing date
|Aug 15, 2002
|Priority date
|Sep 4, 1997
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Stephen Temple, Keith P. Butler, Howard J. Manning, Michael J. Dixon
|Original Assignee
|Xaar Technology Limited
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (31), Referenced by (11), Classifications (15), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a divisional of application Ser. No. 09/515,435 filed Feb. 29, 2000 which is a continuation of Application No. PCT/GB98/02654 filed Sep. 4, 1998.
This invention relates to printing machines and to vacuum drum assemblies for printing machines, such as inkjet or laser printers.
It is known for the printing drum in a printing machine to employ a vacuum to hold the paper or other material down on the drum. Such a drum might have an array of holes or passageways distributed along its length and around its periphery to permit air to flow from outside the drum to inside the drum in response to reduced air pressure inside the drum. In operation, a new sheet is fed to the rotating drum by a sheet feeder, and the vacuum captures it and rolls it on to the drum. As the drum and paper rotate, the paper passes one or more print heads which are used to print on the paper with as many revolutions as is necessary. As soon as the leading edge of the paper passes the print head, or last print head, on its last pass, an ejector is used to remove the paper from the drum. As soon as the trailing edge of the paper has passed the sheet feeder, the next sheet of paper is fed.
A problem which arises with such an arrangement is that, before the first sheet is fed, all of the holes or passageways in the drum are open, and therefore there is a large flow of air through the holes or passageways into the drum. Once a sheet is wrapped around the drum, some or all of the drum surface is closed, and a much lower flow of air is required. Particularly at the leading and trailing edges of the paper, its stiffness works against the vacuum. If a low density of suction holes is provided, these edges may then be released inadvertently. Accordingly, the total area of the holes or passageways needs to be as large as possible. However, a large area means that, in the case where no paper is loaded, a large volume flow is required to achieve a sufficient pressure differential. This requires a large fan, is noisy, and produces a loud slapping noise when paper is fed. There is also the related problem that the maximum flow obtainable may be determined primarily by the relatively smaller flow area presented by the end of the drum. Much of the power of the fan is dissipated in overcoming the pressure loss through this section, rather than producing a useful pressure differential at the drum surface.
In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vacuum drum assembly for a printing machine, comprising:
a drum having an array of passageways distributed along its length and around its periphery to permit air flow from outside the drum to inside the drum in response to reduced air pressure inside the drum, and an array of valve members, each valve member being moveable between a closed position in which that valve member restricts at least one of the passageways and an open position in which the restriction of the at least one passageway is reduced;
the arrangement being such that, when a partial area of the drum is wrapped with material to be printed, at least some of the valves for the passageways adjacent an edge of that area are open, and the valves for the passageways which are not covered by the material and are not adjacent an edge of that area are closed.
A said valve member may be normally closed and may be opened by a pressure difference, for example between adjacent passageways.
In one embodiment, each passageway is provided with a respective such valve member. Each passageway could then be provided with a sensor for detecting, for example, the air pressure in that passageway upstream of the valve, or the air flow rate through the passageway, and the valve could be opened and closed in dependence upon the output of the sensor. Although possible, this would be a complicated arrangement.
In another embodiment, each of the valve members affects an adjacent pair of the passageways. In this case, the valve can be opened and closed automatically as a result of an imbalance or a balance of the pressures in the pair of passageways.
A particularly elegant and easily manufactured arrangement is possible when there are wall portions between adjacent pairs of the passageways, and each valve member comprises a butterfly valve pivotally mounted on a respective one of the wall portions and biased towards its closed position.
The term "pivotally mounted" is not intended to be limited to pin-jointed structure. It includes also arrangements in which the butterfly valve can tilt or rock about its (usually central) portion whereat it is attached to the wall portion.
In accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, each passageway is provided with a valve member which may be opened by mechanical actuation; for example, the valve member may include actuating means which moves the valve member to the open position on mechanical contact with the material to be printed. In a preferred form of this embodiment, the actuating means comprises a portion of the valve member which is housed within the passageway and is dimensioned to be proud of the drum when the valve member is in the closed position so that, in service, the material to be printed, as it is fed to the drum, urges the actuating means into the passageway thereby moving the valve member to the open position.
Preferably, the valve member is biased, suitably by resilient means, so that on removal of the material it moves back to the closed position. Alternatively, the valve member may be bistable; that is it may be biased towards closed when close to the closed position (thereby achieving good sealing) and also biased towards open when close to the open position: this is particularly useful for valve members near the edge of the material to be printed. A particular advantage of using a bistable valve in this context is that it ensures a fully open valve proximate the edge of the material to be printed. This is desirable since partial actuation of a valve (which might otherwise occur) may give rise to imperfect retention.
The resilient means used to bias may have a non-linear response.
Such an embodiment (unlike the above-mentioned embodiment wherein each valve member comprises a butterfly valve pivotally mounted on one of the wall portions and biased to its closed position) ensures that all such valve members remain in the open position until the removal of the material from mechanical contact with the actuating means; the material is thus held to the drum more definitely which facilitates print definition, particularly in multiple pass printing.
Each passageway may have a circular, annular, elliptic or polygonal, suitably a regular polygonal, cross-section and the passageways may be arranged as a tessellation. The cross-section of each passageway is preferably square, although other cross-sectional shapes may be employed, such as triangular and hexagonal.
The tessellation may be such as to provide rows of passageways generally parallel to the drum axis. It is preferred, however, that the rows are skew to the drum axis; this will ensure that the leading and trailing edges of the material to be printed fall at least on some valves, thereby facilitating its capture.
The curvature of the external surface of the drum about each passageway may be uniform; however, the external surface of the drum about each passage way may be flat or afford a spherical or cylindrical depression about the passageway, thereby increasing the area over which the vacuum from each passageway can act on the material to be printed and again facilitating its capture and retention.
There may be means for damping movement of the valve members. Thus the wall portions may be of energy-absorbing material and may be connected to the butterfly valves to effect said damping.
In a further embodiment, there is provided material stripping means positioned within the drum and actuatable to be urged into contact with the inside of the drum wall thereby moving all contacted valve members from the open position to the closed position. Preferably the stripping means is parallel with the drum axis and, suitably, coextensive with the length of the drum. In a preferred form of the embodiment the stripping means comprises a non-driven, but rotatable, cylinder and is suitably mounted at a station where the leading edge of the printed material is, after its final pass, required to be stripped.
In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a printing machine, including a vacuum drum assembly according to the first aspect of the invention.
A third aspect of the present invention is concerned with duplex printing machines, that is machines which can print on both sides of a sheet of material. It is known to provide inkjet and laser printers with a duplexing facility, for example by printing on one side of the material and then reversing the direction of feeding of the material and diverting its path so that it returns to the printing position effectively turned over.
In the accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a duplex printing machine comprising: first and second vacuum drum assemblies each in accordance with the first aspect of the invention and with their drums parallel; means for reducing the air pressure inside the drums; means for counter-rotating the drums; means for feeding a sheet of material to be printed on to the first drum so that the material can be held on the first drum by vacuum and rotated therewith; first printing means for printing on the material on the first drum; means for releasing the material from the first drum in a direction towards the second drum so that the material can be held on the second drum by vacuum and rotated therewith; second printing means for printing on the material on the second drum; and means for releasing the material from the second drum. Although such a machine uses two drums and two printing means, it provides a very neat and compact arrangement.
Since the vacuum drum assemblies as described above will have less of a tendency violently to grab the leading edge of the material being fed onto them, the machines of the second and third aspects of the invention preferably further include, for the or each drum, means for holding or directing the material against or towards the or the respective drum at the position in which the material is fed on to the, or the respective, drum. These means may for example be a pinch roller or guide.
This roller or guide optionally may press intermittently on to the drum, eg. only when a sheet of material is being fed on to the drum, and then withdraw. This will reduce any tendency for the roller or guide to offset (transfer) still-wet ink from the sheet onto another portion thereof, or on to a subsequent sheet.
The duplex configuration of drums may be provided independently of the first aspect of the invention. Therefore, in accordance with a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a duplex printing machine comprising: first and second parallel drums; means for counter-rotating the drums; means for feeding a sheet of material to be printed on to the first drum; means for holding the fed material on the first drum; first printing means for printing on the material on the first drum; means for releasing the material from the first drum in a direction towards the second drum; means for holding the fed material on the second drum so as to be rotated therewith; second printing means for printing on the material on the second drum; and means for releasing the material from the second drum.
In one embodiment, the direction in which the material is released from the first drum towards the second drum is generally parallel to and opposite to the direction in which the material is fed onto the first drum; and the direction in which the material is released from the second drum is generally parallel to and opposite to the direction in which the material is fed onto the second drum. Said directions may be generally horizontal, if the sheets are stacked horizontally or vertical if the sheets are stacked vertically.
Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described, purely by a way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic isometric view of a duplex printing machine;
FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views through the wall of the drum showing two embodiments of arrangement of valve members.
FIG. 4 is a view from within the drum of second embodiment looking outwardly;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view through the drum of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view through the wall of the drum showing a further embodiment of arrangement of valve members;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectioned view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 in service together with a grooved feed roller;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the arrangement of FIG. 6 with a valve in the open position and overlaid with sheet material to be printed.
FIGS. 9(a) and (b) are schematic cross-sectional views of a yet further embodiment of arrangement of valve members.
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectioned view showing an internally located strip roller; and
FIG. 11 is a schematic plan, looking radially inward from the drum wall similar to that depicted in FIG. 6 of a embodiment but in which the valves are retained in a matrix.
FIGS. 12(a) and (b) are schematic cross-sectional views of an alternative design of the male valve of the embodiment of FIG. 6.
FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a modification of the valve of FIG. 12.
FIG. 14 is a graph representing the variation of the resistance F to deplacement d of the valve of FIG. 13 relative to inward deplacement d.
FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a section of a vacuum drum incorporating the valve element of FIG. 11.
Referring to FIG. 1, a duplex printing machine 10 has a paper input tray for holding a stack 12 of fresh paper and a feed roller 14 which can be driven to feed the sheets of paper one at a time from the bottom of the stack 12 in a known fashion. The leading edge of the fed sheet of paper is directed horizontally into a nip between a first vacuum drum 16 and a pinch roller 18 vertically above the first vacuum drum 16. Air is drawn from the first vacuum drum 16 through its shaft 20 and the reduced air pressure in the drum 16 holds the paper to the drum as the drum rotates in the direction shown by the arrow in FIG. 1. A first inkjet print head 22 (of a type known per se) is disposed 90� downstream from the pinch roller 18 around the axis of the drum 16. In operation, the drum 16 is rotated with the sheet held to the drum for as many revolutions as necessary for the inkjet head 22 to print the required information on the sheet. There may for example be four passes for four-colour printing using a page wide print head, or there may be multiple passes if the active width of the print head is less than the width of the sheet to be printed, the print head then being indexed as known per se between passes or groups of passes. An ejector 24 (known per se) disposed beneath the first vacuum drum 16 is then operated to lift the leading edge of the sheet from the drum 16 so that the leading edge is fed in a horizontal direction, opposite to the direction in which the sheet was originally fed from the stack 12.
The pinch roller 18 is withdrawn from contact with the drum 16 by mechanism not shown shortly after the trailing edge of the fed sheet has passed on to the drum, and before the leading edge arrives back at the pinch roller for the first time as the drum rotates. The pinch roller thus does not contact the freshly-printed surface of the sheet and any tendency for ink to be picked-up by the surface of the pinch roller and transferred to another part of the sheet or to a subsequent sheet (as in offset printing) is avoided.
A similar arrangement to that described above is provided to receive the sheet fed from the first vacuum drum 16, namely a second withdrawable pinch roller 26, a second vacuum drum 28 which rotates in the opposite direction to the first vacuum drum 16, a second inkjet print head 28, and a second ejector 32. In operation, the second vacuum drum 28 is rotated with the sheet held to the drum for as many revolutions as necessary for the second inkjet head 30 to print the required information on the other side of the sheet. Then, when the second ejector 32 is operated, the leading edge of the sheet is lifted from the drum 28 so that the leading edge is fed in a horizontal direction, opposite to the direction in which the sheet was originally fed onto the second vacuum drum 28, towards an output tray which holds a stack 34 of the printed sheets.
As an alternative to the pinch rollers 18, 26 there may be provided respective guides each in the form of an enclosed chute formed eg. of sheet material or plastics and terminating in an elongated slot extending across the drum. The chute is shaped to deliver the fed sheet close to and at a small angle to the surface of the drum so that its leading edge is promptly captured by the vacuum.
It will be appreciated from the above description that a compact arrangement is provided. The bulky items are the input paper stack 12, the output paper stack 34, the first and second inkjet print heads 22, 30 and the first and second vacuum drums 16, 28. The input paper stack 12 is disposed above the second vacuum drum 28 and the second inkjet print head 30, and has a short feed path to the first vacuum drum 16. The output paper stack 34 is disposed below the first vacuum drum 16 and the first inkjet print head 22, and has a short feed path from the second vacuum drum 28. Furthermore, the feed path between the first and second vacuum drums 16, 28 is also short.
The cylindrical walls 36 of the vacuum drums 16, 28 will now the described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. In these drawings, the curvature of the cylindrical wall has, for simplicity, not been shown.
Each drum wall 36 comprises a shell having a honeycomb arrangement of walls 38 which form an array of radial passageways 40 between the outside to the inside of the drum. The outer surface of the shell is covered with a cylindrical outer plate 42 which is perforated with an array of holes 44 having a finer pitch than the pitch of the walls 38. In use, the sheet 46 of paper is held against the outer surface of the outer plate 42.
In one embodiment, shown in FIG. 2, each passageway 40 has a respective leaky butterfly valve 48 and a respective air pressure sensor 50 upstream of the valve 48 in the passageway 40. A mechanical or electrical arrangement connects each sensor 50 to its butterfly valve 48 so that when the air pressure detected by the sensor 50 is relatively high the butterfly valve 48 is closed, and when the detected air pressure is relatively low the butterfly valve 48 is open. Accordingly, if the passageway 40 is not blocked by a sheet 46 of paper, the detected air pressure will be only slightly below atmospheric pressure, and the butterfly valve 48 will be closed. However, if the passageway 40 is blocked by the sheet 46 of paper, the detected air pressure will approximate to the significantly lower pressure inside the drum 16/28, and the butterfly valve 48 will be open.
Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 3, which has some similarity to FIG. 2. However, instead of a respective leaky butterfly valve 48 for each passageway 40, in FIG. 3 leaky butterfly valves 52 are mounted centrally at the radially-inner edges of the honeycomb forming walls 38. If the cross-section of each passageway 40 in the honeycomb arrangement is square, then each passageway 40 shares four of the butterfly valves 52 with its adjacent passageways 40. The butterfly valves 52 are biased so that they are normally in their closed positions. In FIG. 3, one of the passageways 40A is shown completely (or almost completely) blocked by the sheet 46 of paper. The passageway 40B to the right of that passageway 40A is partly blocked by the leading edge of the sheet 46 of paper, and the passageway 40C to the left is not blocked, since the sheet 46 is still being fed onto the drum 16/28. The air pressures on the butterfly valve 52 between the passageways 40A and 40C are not balanced, so that butterfly valve twists anticlockwise so as to reduce the pressure in the passageway 40C and also in the passageway 40A. Also, because the passageway 40B is only partly blocked, the air pressures on the butterfly valve 52 between the passageways 40A and 40B are also not balanced, so that butterfly valve twists clockwise so as to reduce the pressure in the passageway 40B to provide a greater effect in holding down the leading edge of the sheet 46 of paper. Although not shown in FIG. 3, the butterfly valves 52 mounted on the wall 38 to the right of the passageway 40B and on the wall 38 to the left of the passageways 40C may also twist slightly. Indeed computer modelling of the apparatus suggests that superior results are achieved if this is the case.
From the above, it will be appreciated that, with the embodiment of FIG. 3, if a sheet 46 is not present on the drum 16/28, then all of the butterfly valves 52 will be in their closed positions so that only a slight reduction in pressure occurs at the surface of the drum 16/28 due to the leakiness of the butterfly valves 52, and so that an unnecessarily high air flow rate is avoided. When the sheet 46 is being fed onto the drum 16/28, an increased vacuum is applied at the edges of the area covered by the sheet 46. When the sheet 46 is fully loaded onto the drum 16/28, then it is held down by increased vacuum at the edges of the sheet 46. However, at areas of the drum 16/28 away from the edges of the sheet 46, whether covered by the sheet 46 or not, the butterfly valves 52 are in their closed positions, so that only a reduced vacuum is applied and so that there is not an unnecessarily high air flow in the regions not covered by the sheet 46.
More detail of the construction of the embodiment of FIG. 3 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
As mentioned above, each drum wall 36 comprises a shell having a honeycomb arrangement of walls 38 which form an array of radial passageways 40 between the outside and the inside of the drum 16/28. As shown particularly in FIG. 4, the passageways 40 have a square cross-section. The cylindrical outer plate 42, which is perforated with an array of holes 44, surrounds and is attached to the outer surface of the shell. All of the butterfly valves 52 are formed by a single cylindrical sheet 54 of a springy material. As shown particularly in FIG. 4, the sheet 54 is formed with an array of right-angled triangular slots 56, each of which has a break 58 in the slot halfway along the hypotenuse of the triangle. Between the hypotenuses of adjacent pairs of the triangular slots 56, portions 60 are formed which are aligned with the inner edges of the walls 38. Between the shorter sides of adjacent groups of four of the triangular slots 56, portions 62 are provided which form a cross across the passageways 40. Due to the springiness of the sheet 54, each of the portions 60 enables the two triangular flaps 64 to either side of it to move so as to form the butterfly valves 52.
Early studies suggest that a suitable material for the sheet 54 is a plastics material eg. a polyimide such as KAPTON (trade mark). Also it is beneficial for the butterfly valves to be highly damped, eg. so that they exhibit at least (and preferably greater than) critical damping. To achieve this the drum walls 38 may be made of, or at least faced with, sponge or foam rubber material. The butterfly valves are glued to this material along their hypotenuses. Thus when a valve is deflected from its closed position, that portion of the valve which moves inwards towards the centre of the drum expends energy by stretching the foam material to which it is attached, and the valve portion 64 which is deflected outwards from the drum (into a passageway 40) expends energy by compressing the foam material.
Having described two embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated that many modifications and developments may be made within the scope of the invention.
For example, a mechanism may be placed at the printer output that staples duplex-printed sheets together along a centre line and then folds the sheets along that centre line, thereby to form a brochure or booklet. Clearly, for this to work, the print data must be provided to the printer in such an order that the resulting pages of the booklet are themselves in the correct order.
Also, the vacuum drum technique may be applied, for example, to printers which do not have the duplexing function and may be applied to printers which do not employ the inkjet technique of printing.
More than one sheet may be fed on to the drum simultaneously side-by-side; printing sheets of different sizes, eg. for photographic prints of different sizes, can thus easily be accomplished in a single machine. Although described in the context of a sheet-fed printer, the vacuum drum may also be applicable to holding-down the edges of web material in continuous-web printing.
Also, although the vacuum drum has been illustrated as having passageways with a square cross-section, it should be noted that other shapes may be used, such as triangular, hexagonal and circular.
The print heads 22,30 may be of the single colour or multi-colour type, or a plurality of different coloured print heads may be used, angularly spaced around each drum.
A further embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. In this embodiment, the drum wall 36 simply comprises a metal sheet which is perforated with an array of holes 70 which, as depicted, are of circular cross-section although other cross-sections may be employed. Within the drum and in register with each such hole is an array of male valves 71, each of which comprises a chamfered, cylindrical collar 72 upstanding in the hole and integral with an annular shoulder 73. Instead of a cylindrical collar (as shown) it may be of conical cross-section; and the conical axis may be orthogonal with the passageway axis or not. The valves 71 are biased outwardly in fluid-tight relationship to the drum wall by wall-mounted spring elements 74 to form an annular seal 75 therewith while the collars 72 are dimensioned to be proud of the drum wall as a boss 76 when so biased.
This embodiment may be utilised with feed roller 77, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. This roller has circumferential grooves 78 along its periphery and is mounted in parallel with the drum so that the grooves 78 mate with the bosses 76. The roller is withdrawable from contact with the drum to position 77 1, for the reason previously mentioned in relation to pinch roller 18/26.
In use, sheet stock 79 (such as paper) to be printed is fed through the nip of guide rollers 80 and is urged by the feed roller 77 onto the drum. The rigidity of the sheet ensures that, as it is fed, it progressively depresses those bosses 76 with which it comes into contact; and that it spans the grooves 78 thereby maintaining the bosses 76 in the depressed position. The depression of the bosses opens the valves 71 against spring elements breaking seal 75; and these are maintained open by the action of the vacuum on the sheet 79 thereby creating a new seal between the paper and the drum wall 36.
FIG. 8 illustrates a valve member from FIG. 6 in its open position and with a sheet of material to be printed attached. As might be expected, sheet 79 does not lie flat on the surface of drum 36 but is displaced slightly by boss 76, allowing the vacuum to act not only over that area of the sheet lying directly over the hole 70 but over the greater area A shown in the figure. This is significantly larger than that area (shown as B in the figure) of the valve over which the vacuum acts when the valve is closed. The resulting greater pressure force acts on sheet 79, overcomes the bias applied by the spring elements 74 (FIG. 6) and holds the valve in its open position.
It will be appreciated that the degree of displacement of the paper and thus the area A will be determined by the paper characteristics and an equilibrium between the aforementioned greater force and the bias exerted by the spring elements. Thus a lower spring bias will result in a smaller area A, as will a stiff paper having a reduced propensity to deform. As an alternative, area A may be defined by a depression or countersink formed in the external surface of the drum about each passageway, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 8.
In an alternative, non-illustrated embodiment of the invention, spring elements 74 may be arranged in an "over-centre" fashion so as to bias valve member 71 into one of an open or closed position depending on the proximity of the valve member to that position. Such a bistable valve arrangement is particularly useful at the edge of the material to be printed, where the partial actuation of a valve that might otherwise occur could give rise to imperfect retention.
FIGS. 9(a) and (b) are sectional views of another bistable valve arrangement that functions without spring elements and operates instead on differential pressure. That is to say, when the valve is proximate its closed position, it is biassed to the closed position by differential pressure and when it is proximate its open position, it is biassed to the open position by differential pressure. As with the embodiment of FIG. 6, a valve member 140 having collar 141 and shoulder 142 is arranged so as to be able to seal, more or less completely, with the edge of a hole 70 formed in drum wall 36. A vacuum is generated within the drum as indicated at 143. Unlike previous embodiments, however, the lower surface 144 of shoulder 142 is isolated from the vacuum—for example by outwardly extending sealing membrane 145—and exposed instead to atmospheric pressure supplied to the space 146 below, for example, via an inlet 147 formed in secondary drum skin 148 or via a bore 149 formed in collar 141. As a result, valve member 140 is urged into the closed position shown by a pressure difference acting over annular area A.
However, when valve member 140 is moved by the action of a sheet of paper 149 into the open position illustrated in FIG. 9(b), vacuum 143 is communicated to the depression 150 formed in the outer surface of the drum skin 36 around each hole 70. The area of depression 150 is chosen to be greater than that of the lower surface 144 by such an amount (shown as B) that the resultant force exerted by the ambient pressure acting on the opposite surface of the sheet to that exposed to the vacuum holds the valve member in the open position.
Without the need for spring elements and the corresponding fine tolerances that these may require, the embodiment described above may be easier to manufacture, particularly by moulding.
The printed sheet 79 may be stripped from the drum as previously described. However, it may in preference be stripped in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 10. In this embodiment, a strip roller 82 is mounted internally to, and in parallel with, the drum. The roller is withdrawable from contact with the drum to position 82′ to prevent stripping when multiple pass printing is in operation.
In use, the strip roller 82 is urged against the interior of the drum when the sheet 79 is to be stripped therefrom. This causes the roller 82 to move the valves 71 into the closed position re-establishing seals 75. This isolates the vacuum from sheet 79 and also causes the bosses 76 to lift the sheet from the drum surface. The sheet then leaves the drum tangentially and is collected in an output tray (not shown).
While described in relation to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 it will be apparent that the strip roller of FIG. 10 may also be used with the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in place of, or in addition to, ejector 24/32.
With reference now to FIG. 11, there is disclosed an alternative and improved system for mounting the valves. Directly beneath the drum wall (not shown) there is disposed a flat sheet of a thin material which has been worked (for example, by electroforming, laser cutting, chemical milling or other means) to form a hexagonal matrix 90 to which valve bases 91 are integrally joined by three, spiral springs 94. (For clarity, only one set of springs has been illustrated.) The male valves (not shown) are moulded onto each such base. The matrix is joined to the drum wall at adhesion points 92. This system functions in the manner previously described. In an alternative form of manufacture the matrix, valve bases, spiral springs and valves may be formed by moulding (for example, by injection moulding) as a unitary assembly from an elastomer.
FIG. 12(a) shows an alternative design of male valve to that shown in FIG. 6. A collar 100 of conical cross-section having a conical axis orthogonal with the passageway axis, is provided and seals with an edge 101 of hole 70 formed in the drum wall 36. As shown in FIG. 12(b), the sealing surface 102 of the drum 36 can be profiled to match to conical face of the moving valve element 100—in the case where a valve does not seal perfectly due e.g. to manufacturing defects, where and tear, or random misalignment on closing of the valve, this latter arrangement will have a lower leakage flow rate (through the annular gap between sealing surface 102 and value member 100) than the arrangement of FIG. 12(a) where sealing takes place between sharp annular edge 101 and the valve member 100.
As with the embodiment of FIG. 11, it may be advantageous to form a plurality of valve arrangements of FIG. 12 as a unitary assembly. FIG. 13 is a sectional view of such an assembly formed by moulding in a resilient material such as an elastomer: valve element 100 is formed as part of an elastomeric sheet 113, which is attached to drum wall 36 by spacers 112 such that valve element 100 is urged into sealing contact with sealing surface 102 of drum skin 36.
In the region between spacers 112 and valve member 100, the elastomeric sheet preferably has the form of a conical shell. This provides a non-linear resistance to the inward displacement, d, of valve member 100 having the general characteristic illustrated in FIG. 14: the resistance F to movement when the valve is closed, as indicated at C, is significantly greater than at higher values of D corresponding to the valve being in the open position. This characteristic ensures good sealing when the valve is closed without significantly opposing the attachment of paper to the drum when the valve is open. It has been found that suitable resistance characteristics are obtained with a conical form having an angle 114 to the plane lying normal to the conical axis 115 in the range 15 to 45 degrees, an angle of 30 degrees having been found to provide the optimal characteristic. Movement of the valve member 100 between closed and open positions may be effected by the mechanisms described earlier with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.
FIG. 15 is a section taken perpendicular to the axis 131 of a vacuum drum incorporating the valve element of FIG. 13. Elastomeric member 113 is advantageously secured to the spacers 112 of drum 36 by sprung cylindrical member 130 which is preferably split as indicated at 132, allowing it to be compressed (the state shown in FIG. 15) and removed from inside the drum. This in turn allows elastomeric member 113 to be removed for maintenance and/or replacement. Member 113 is further formed with holes 111 (FIG. 13) to permit the necessary communication between the surface of the drum skin 36 and the vacuum inside the drum, which may advantageously be generated by a pump located within the drum itself.
In a non-illustrated variant of FIG. 15, drum skin is itself formed as the sprung cylindrical member and is secured about a rigid inner cylinder, with the elastomeric member 113 being sandwiched between the two.
Each feature disclosed in this specification (which term includes the claims) and/or shown in the drawings may be incorporated in the invention dependently or other disclosed and/or illustrated features.
The text of the abstract filed herewith is repeated here as part of the specification.
A vacuum drum assembly for a printing machine comprises a drum having an array of passageways (40) distributed along its length and around its periphery to permit air to flow from outside the drum to inside the drum in response to reduced air pressure inside the drum, and an array of valve members (52), each valve member being movable between a closed position in which that valve member restricts at least one of the passageways and an open position in which the restriction of that passageway or those passageways is reduced. The arrangement is such that, when a partial area of the drum is wrapped with a sheet of material, at least some of the valves for the passageways adjacent the edges of the area are open, and the valves for the passageways which are not covered by the sheet and are not adjacent the edges of that area are closed. The open area of the drum is regulated such that it is small, or even zero, in regions where there is no paper. Accordingly, the open area of the drum is adapted to the shape and size of the paper and the position of the paper on the drum, while minimizing the required suction flow.
A duplex printing machine comprises two such vacuum drum assemblies with their drums parallel. The air pressure inside the drums is reduced and the drums are counter-rotated. Material to be printed on is fed to the first drum so that the material can be held on the first drum by vacuum and rotated therewith, and a first print head pints on one side of the material. The material is then released from the first drum in a direction towards the second drum so that the material can be held on the second drum by vacuum and rotated therewith. A second print head then prints on the material on the second drum. The material is then released from the second drum.
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|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 26, 1976
|Apr 5, 1977
|Roland Offsetmaschinenfabrik Faber & Schleicher Ag
|Multicolor sheet-fed printing press
|Mar 1, 1977
|Jul 18, 1978
|Teletype Corporation
|Paper edge sensor
|Dec 1, 1977
|May 13, 1980
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Apparatus for handling flexible sheet material of different sizes
|Dec 29, 1978
|Jun 9, 1981
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Electrophotographic printer with duplex printed sheet output
|Feb 23, 1981
|Oct 25, 1983
|La Rochette-Cenpa
|Conveyor apparatus for the transportation of plates, strips or sheets of material on continuous belts
|Aug 23, 1982
|Mar 20, 1984
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Rotary drum for processing sheet materials
|Jul 19, 1982
|Mar 12, 1985
|Contraves Gmbh
|Surface structure for the drum of a recording device
|Jan 24, 1985
|Feb 4, 1986
|Tektronix, Inc.
|Paper handling apparatus for a copier
|Jul 18, 1984
|May 5, 1987
|Tektronix, Inc.
|Air density adaptive vacuum controller
|May 16, 1985
|Jun 16, 1987
|Ackley E Michael
|Apparatus for conveying and marking pellet-shaped articles
|Aug 11, 1982
|Aug 1, 1989
|Man Roland Druckmaschinen
|Sheet transfer drum for a printing press
|Apr 18, 1989
|May 8, 1990
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Roller transfer apparatus
|Sep 27, 1989
|Jan 22, 1991
|Paulson Harold E
|Printing press feed mechanism
|Apr 16, 1990
|Oct 1, 1991
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Thermal transfer print medium drum system
|Feb 25, 1991
|Dec 17, 1991
|Paulson Harold E
|Vacuum drum for printing press feeder
|Jul 2, 1990
|Jul 21, 1992
|Xerox Corporation
|DEP apparatus for selectively creating monochrome highlight color or process color images
|Apr 25, 1991
|Feb 2, 1993
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Vaccum drum for different sized media
|Sep 16, 1992
|May 18, 1993
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Air flow assisted material removal method and apparatus
|Aug 23, 1991
|Dec 7, 1993
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Laser thermal printer with an automatic material supply
|Aug 23, 1991
|Apr 5, 1994
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Vacuum imaging drum with a material receiving recess in the periphery thereof
|Aug 23, 1991
|Aug 23, 1994
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Multi-chambered imaging drum
|Aug 23, 1991
|Dec 27, 1994
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Vacuum imaging drum with an axial flat in the periphery thereof
|Feb 22, 1993
|Jan 17, 1995
|Intergraph Corporation
|Vacuum drum for mounting media of different sizes
|Feb 5, 1996
|Jun 9, 1998
|Xerox Corporation
|Printing process, apparatus, and materials for the reduction of paper curl
|Feb 17, 1998
|Jun 22, 1999
|Xerox Corporation
|Pneumatic rollers and paper handling arrangements
|Apr 14, 1999
|Aug 7, 2001
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Print media vacuum holddown
|Feb 29, 2000
|Oct 8, 2002
|Xaar Technology Limited
|Vacuum drums for printing, and duplex printers
|Jul 21, 1932
|Mar 17, 1937
|Faber & Schleicher Akt Ges
|Saugwalze zur Verwendung in einer Bogenanlegevorrichtung
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jul 31, 2007
|Jun 23, 2009
|Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
|System and method for ejecting print media from a moveable shuttle
|Aug 6, 2008
|Dec 6, 2011
|Seiko Epson Corporation
|Sheet adsorption device, transport device, and image forming apparatus
|Jun 17, 2009
|May 1, 2012
|Plastipak Packaging, Inc.
|Printing apparatus, system and method
|Apr 9, 2009
|Jul 31, 2012
|Plastipak Packaging, Inc.
|Ink delivery system
|Sep 3, 2009
|Oct 2, 2012
|Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
|Apr 9, 2009
|Jan 29, 2013
|Plastipak Packaging, Inc.
|Method for printing
|Jun 24, 2009
|Jun 11, 2013
|Plastipak Packaging, Inc.
|Apparatus and method for printing on articles having a non-planar surface
|Oct 23, 2009
|Nov 12, 2013
|Plastipak Packaging, Inc.
|Digital printing plastic containers
|Dec 19, 2012
|Oct 21, 2014
|Plastipak Packaging, Inc.
|Method for printing
|Jun 24, 2011
|Nov 4, 2014
|Plastipak Packaging, Inc.
|Recyclable printed plastic container and method
|Jul 17, 2012
|Nov 18, 2014
|Plastipak Packaging, Inc.
|Ink delivery system
|U.S. Classification
|347/104, 399/305, 271/276, 400/627
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Feb 22, 2005
|Certificate of correction
|Jun 29, 2007
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Sep 5, 2011
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jan 27, 2012
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Mar 20, 2012
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20120127


text:
Re: With all due respect to Gaelic speakers...
The 'accent' is a key piece of orthography (spelling) in the Gaelic languages that I'm familiar with. You might as well say that the English words 'cop' and 'coop' are somehow the same and likely to be confused! English spelling tends to use doubled vowels as a length indicator, whereas the Gaelic languages signify that with the sínead fada (long accent) instead so you never see 'aa', 'ee' and so on. Oddly, Irish and Scottish Gaelic have differently slanting fadas. Manx orthography, just to be different, does tend to use vowel doubling as a length indicator despite being quite closely related to Irish.
Take your pick: cop/coop or fear (man) féar (grass) in Irish, with distinctly different pronunciations in each case. There's numerous examples where two entirely different words in either language differ only in the length of the vowel sound.
I can't vouch for the meaning in Scottish Gaelic, but when I've heard 'bod' in Irish, it has a substantially earthier implication than the rather medical 'penis'.

subset: commoncrawl


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The OECD Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy is holding a Ministerial level meeting in Daejeon, Korea on 20-21 October 2015.
The OECD/Korea Policy Centre fosters the exchange of technical information and policy experiences relating to the Asia Pacific region in areas such as health statistics, pension reforms and social policy and expenditure.
In 2014, Korea provided USD 1.9 billion in net ODA (preliminary data), which represented 0.13% of gross national income (GNI) and a 0.8% increase in real terms from 2013.* Korea is the 23rd largest Development Assistance Committee (DAC) donor in terms of its ODA as a percentage of GNI, and the 16th largest donor by volume.
The 2014 edition of National Accounts of OECD Countries, General Government Accounts is an annual publication, dedicated to government finance which is based on the System of National Accounts 2008 (SNA 2008) for all countries except Chile, Japan, Korea and Turkey (SNA 1993). It includes tables showing government aggregates and balances for the production, income and financial accounts as well as detailed tax and social contribution receipts and a breakdown of expenditure of general government by function, according to the harmonised international classification, COFOG. These detailed accounts are available for the general government sector. Data also cover the following sub-sectors, according to availability: central government, state government, local government and social security funds.
The data in this publication are also available on line via www.oecd-ilibrary.org under the title OECD National Accounts Statistics, General Government Accounts (http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/na-gga-data-en).
English, PDF, 211kb
Compared to many other OECD countries, Korea has shown a stronger labour market recovery from the crisis with employment increasing steadily and unemployment remaining low. The employment rate returned to its pre-crisis level of 64.0% in 2011, and has since risen further to reach 66.1% in May 2015, its highest level since 1982.
Specific country notes have been prepared using data from the database OECD Health Statistics 2015, July 2015 version. The notes are available in PDF format.
This database provides information on environmentally related taxes, fees and charges, tradable permit systems, deposit refund systems, environmentally motivated subsidies and voluntary approaches used in environmental policy in OECD member countries and a number of other countries. Developed in co-operation between the OECD and the European Environment Agency.
English, PDF, 409kb
This note presents selected findings based on the set of well-being indicators used for the Better Life initiative and shows what users of the Better Life Index are telling us about their well-being priorities.
Of the abundant resources given to mankind, what is the most underused resource of our time? Without a doubt, women!
The OECD Secretary-General, Mr. Angel Gurría, chaired several high-level panels; the OECD actively participated through a series of events, the launch of four new reports and by taking part in a number of workshops and seminars throughout the forum.


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For as long as I can remember my family have been buying Ginger Nut biscuits. The traditional flavour and tough texture which can withstand a dunking into liquid is what has helped this classic withstand the test of time.
The Ginger Nut or Ginger Snap as it is often referred to in the U.S. is a simple biscuit flavoured with powdered ginger and usually a variety of other spices, most commonly cinnamon, molasses and nutmeg. They're fairly spicy biscuits, but the taste develops in your mouth, ending with a wonderful ginger taste. When Brooke makes these biscuits, she uses cinnamon to enhance the spicy flavour, as she is also rather partial to Speculaas, a Dutch spiced shortcrust biscuit.
When baking the biscuits you want them to be a rich golden brown. Cooking for 15 – 20 minutes will leave you with biscuits that are a lovely balance between snap and chew, rather than "teeth-breaking", like so many store-bought ones. The golden syrup also helps give the biscuit its texture.
The simple ingredients and easy steps make these biscuits the perfect treat to make on a cold winters day to have with a cuppa. Plus your house will smell amazing!
- 150g butter
- 250 g sugar
- 1 tablespoon golden syrup
- 1 egg
- 250g flour
- 1 teaspoon baking powder
- ½ teaspoon baking soda
- 4 teaspoon groundginger
- 1 teaspoon cinnamon
- Preheat the oven to 180ºC.
- Mix together butter and sugar until pale and creamy.
- Mix in golden syrup, egg and combined dry ingredients.
- Roll into balls, roughly 1 heaped tablespoon and place on lined baking trays allowing enough room for biscuits to spread. Do not flatten.
- Bake for 15 to 20 minutes until rich golden brown.


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Twenty years ago, Stefan Sobkowiak bought a commercial apple orchard with the intention of converting it to an organic orchard. He did just that, but eventually understood the limitations of the organic model originating from monoculture. He then decided to tear out most of the trees and replant in a way that would maximize biodiversity… Read more »
Posts Categorized: Trees
The Natural Capital Plant Database
by Daniel Halsey The database is working very well and I encourage all permaculture designers to try it out. Especially the spreadsheet download. Let me know if you would like free access for a time to try it out. The Natural Capital™ Plant Database is a repository of plant information for ecological design. Our partner… Read more »
Permaculture Paradise at Val & Eli's Garden (Jacksonville, Florida)
Val and Eli take us on a tour of their permagarden in Jacksonville FL. They have created a wonderful, natural space filled with self-sustaining fruits, vegetables, herbs, medicines, colors, water, fragrances, and wildlife… at their fingertips. And below, Val and Eli continue to harvest the organic riches of their food forest and now cut back… Read more »
Hill Country Permaculture: The Way of the Fox (Central Texas)
Foxes are renowned for being clever and nimble — elusive when sought as prey and very hard to keep out of a chicken coop when on the prowl. Many years ago, sitting at dinner with some long time "Hill Country" (AKA central Texas USA) farmers, I learned something about foxes that's stuck with me ever… Read more »
What Plants Talk About
In 1973, Lyall Watson, a South African botanist, claimed that plants had emotions that could be recorded on a lie detector test. His research was fiercely dismissed by many in the scientific community. Recently, researchers at The University of Western Australia relaunched the debate by revealing that plants not only respond to sound, but that… Read more »
PRI Zaytuna Farm Internship Project – Slope Stabilisation
My chosen internship project at PRI Zaytuna Farm was to stabilize and prevent erosion on a steep slope from an excavation back cut. I also wanted to build topsoil and increase fertility as most of the slope is subsoil clay. This is a picture of the slope before doing anything to it I decided to… Read more »
Tough Fruit
A line of thought evolving from the interest in both epigenetics and the Paleo diet has led to an exploration of low cultivated, western European, Asian and North American fruit trees in our Food Forest systems. What does this mean? Well, we all love fruit. A fresh, crispy apple or sweet, fleshy nectarine are hard… Read more »
Fruits and Nuts: Our Cold-Climate Favorites (Massachusetts, USA)
An excerpt from Paradise Lot: Two Plant Geeks, One Tenth of an Acre, and the Making of an Edible Garden Oasis in the City by Eric Toensmeier with contributions from Jonathan Bates Grapes August is the beginning of our fruit and nut harvest. Since we have little room for fruit and nut trees, we had… Read more »
Small Scale Nursery Applications: Reflections from Loping Coyote Farms Nursery (NV, USA)
by Neil Bertrando , Eric Toensmeier Plant materials are a critical component of any homestead or agroecology site, and by using the permaculture design concept, we can figure out many yields to pattern into our management activities. I want to explore some opportunities presented by integrating a small scale nursery into the process of site… Read more »
Of Apples and Earth Apples (Ireland)
by Ute Bohnsack August is a happy month, a time of abundance at the tail end of summer, the month that gives us the first apples and new potatoes. In Ireland 'spuds', somewhat more eloquently termed 'pomme de terre' by the French, are a staple food of course, but similarly apples to me are a… Read more »
Winter at Tata Kaitawa, 2013 (New Zealand)
by Yvonne Collin Misty winter morning in the valley What winter? Have we had one and it has slipped by without making a noise? We have had a few cold and wet days here in the bush and the occasional frost after a clear night, but not like the winters we are used to having…. Read more »
Food from Perennial(ising) Plants in Temperate Climate Australia for July 2013
This is the mid-Winter post for the ongoing research project about perennial plants and self-perpetuating annual plants providing food in temperate climate Australia. The original article introducing this project, stating its aims, and providing participant instructions, can be found here. Growers are sending me information on a month-by-month basis, then this information is collated and… Read more »


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May 30, 2013
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Winhall Brook Campground
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... to sit and chill out. We went for a walk through the woods to the lake, realising we had our sandles on and would never have dared such a walk in Australia with all those 'things' that might get us. We saw a few squirrels and a cute little chipmunk. Surprise find - chipmunks make a lot of noise in a quiet forest. They could be mistaken for a bear Traveller's tip - go to Brattleboro and stay 40 Putney Road for a day or two to ...
All our bags are packed we're "ready" to go...
So, this is IT! We are "ready" (I put quotations around the word ready because planning a 6ish week long road trip with three kids - can one truly really be 100% ready?). Tomorrow morning we leave bright and early for Niagara Falls, destination #1. Everyone is excited (and nervous) the house is secure, "see you laters" have been said, and we will be off on our adventure to see America! Tomorrow!! ...
Want to know what we are doing this summer?
... time has been spent packing, cleaning, organizing, finishing up school and work, more packing, finishing grad school stuff, making reservations, more cleaning, and more packing. Not too exciting yet.
We have spent the past few months thinking that this trip will be either totally amazing, or the worst experience of our lives (honestly, I bet it will depend on the day) and we will not know how it will go until it is too late!
Ack! We leave in a week!!!
A VERY long drive, rain, pretty trees and bad food
... t completely missed the fall leaves turning on the trees and the Green Mountains are beautiful because of it. I got very excited over some covered bridges in Bennington, we ate dirty food in a redneck diner and some not so great Mexican food in Manchester Center. So far so ...
The Beautiful Adirondack Mountains
"You're looking for players whose name on the front of the sweater is more important than the one on the back. I look for these players to play hard, to play smart and to represent their country."
-Herb Brooks, U.S. Olympic hockey coach of "Miracle on Ice" gold medal team, 1980
After a free breakfast (one of the few!) at Denny's we were on the road again. We ...


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Bonescythe WaistguardThis quest was marked obsolete by Blizzard and cannot be obtained or completed. Rohan the Assassin at Light's Hope Chapel in the Eastern Plaguelands will make a Bonescythe Waistguard if you bring him the following: 1 Desecrated Waistguard, 8 Wartorn Leather Scraps, 5 Cured Rugged Hides, 1 Nexus Crystal and 15 gold pieces.
|Desecrated Waistguard
|Wartorn Leather Scrap (8)
|Cured Rugged Hide (5)
|Nexus Crystal
|Required money: 15
DescriptionIf you want Bonescythe made, you're going to have to supply the materials.
Enter Naxxramas, the big floating city of death in the sky up there, and find desecrated armor and wartorn armor scraps. Bring those back along with the materials to put everything together and you'll have your Bonescythe. Oh, and you'll need to pay me for my troubles... I'll supply the bones.
RewardsYou will receive: (or if completed at level 100)
|Bonescythe Waistguard
GainsUpon completion of this quest you will gain:
- 500 reputation with Argent Dawn


text:
Direct-Acting Pressure Reducing Valve
Model : DR20
Portable Drilling Machine 150 Depth Capacity 120 Mtr NMLC
Technic Specification:
1. Unit Power Supply :
Engine Power : Greaves 1510, Min: 12 HP, Max: 14 HP , Made in India
Power : 14 HP / PK
Dear Valued Customer,
PT. DUTA BUANA ABADI INDONESIA is a equipments' supplier and manufacture of Quality Control equipments for measuring qualities of street construction, Bridge, Physical plant....
Steam Boiler
for more inquiries bout these machines, please contact me at your convenience..
thank you
In 2005 we were concentrated for the moulding and Rubber sparepart manufacturing. inspired by Mr. Iding Kusnadi of his hardwork in October 2009 we are expanding the....
Master Hydraulic 21 is a company domiciled in Bandung, West Java, Engaged in providing spare part of hydraulic tools, Especially for Industry and well servicing industrial machinery. The company is a....
ICO Technology is a Belgian company leader in selected applications. ICO Technology provides solutions for the most demanding product applications. ICO Technology is your partner in....
Supply spare parts for the brand air conditioner ALCO. Parts we provide include:
1. filter drier
2. Expansion Valve
3. suction Accumulator
4. Oil Separator
5. etc.
We are engaged in Hydraulic & Pneumatic System, either in the form of sales of components, the manufacturing system, manufacturing of machinery and maintenance service of hydraulic pneumatic....
Pressure rating : 7200psig ( 500bar)
Temperature rating : -20 to 100 with POM and NBR standard.
Compact design with max orifice.
Conforms to DIN standard.
Each and....
We provide equipment and mechanical equipment primarily related to hydraulic and pneumatic systems , including :
Air Compressor
1. Reciprocating Air Compressors
( Two-Stage Reciprocating....
CV. CAHAYA TERANG is a trading and services company specializing in the provision of goods and labor support tool for a variety of industrial and manufacturing services industry spare parts in....
PT Magenta Megatama is an established company located in central business Kelapa Gading on North Jakarta. Which is move in Industrial sector covering Electrical , Mechanical, Instrument Parts , and....
LG-2, SUPER BRONZE, ALLUMUNIUM BRONZE, PHOSPOR BRONZE, etc
BRASS, CuCr, CuCrZn, etc
Seamless, ERW, SAW/ DSAW, ASTM A-53 Gr. B/ A, ASME S A-53/ ....
Strategically located in the center of the city of Bandung in Sarimanis Sarijadi as one of the main commercial and business area in Bandung in West Java. PT. E.R.I.S INDONESIA, supported by people....
Parker is wellknown in control and motion business. Product range is complete started from filtration, connectors, hydraulic, climate control, valve, tubing, instrumentation and so on. the market is....
Input Voltage: 3 phase 200 ~ 230V 50/ 60 Hz
Output frequency: 0 ~ 120 Hz
Output power: 15KW
Analog Input: ( 4 - 20mA, 0 - 10V)
Overload 110% for 1 minute, 4 seconds at 150%
16-speed control
Service Inverter Fuji Electric INDONESIA, Service Inverter fuji electric, service center fuji electric, service manual fuji electric, service center fuji electric Indonesia, Fuji Electric Inverter....
Engineering Construction, Trading and Company Service
Tank Transport Liquid Oxygen
Model: CF-13000/ 8
Main technical parameter:
Available volume: 13m3
Geometric volume 13.68m3
Max working pressure ....
Multi Abadi, CV is a company engaged in the field of Gas & Medical Equipment.
Gas Equipment:
We are a Supplier of Gas Tube OXYGEN, KARBONDIOKSIA, AMMONIA, acetylene, ARGON, ETC. To the needs....


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Female body found in Fenner woods October 13, 2015
The Manlius Dunkin'Donuts location is currently taking applications for the Fayetteville location, which is set ...
Mark Venesky
Judy Boyke
Gary Williams
Lynn Jennings
Dick Cushman
Vern Conway
Melinda Shimer
Joseph Saraceni
Andrew Reeves
Peter Moore
Robert Ellis
The Lysander-based Syracuse Figure Skating Club kicks off its next seven-week session of lessons Oct. ...
Joe Demjanenko, 17, of Baldwinsville, is compiling art therapy kits for patients at Upstate Golisano ...
Canton Woods Senior Center held its annual Walk for the Woods fundraiser Saturday, Sept. 26. ...
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The citizens of the Baldwinsville area owe a great deal to Miss Lesley Voorhees. She ...
Please give Betty what she's been looking for — a loving, "furever" home! For more ...
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Back to Previous Page
The Boss 302 returns to the road after 42 years.
Shaking Hands With The Devil
Watch as a Cobra Jet lines up with a Super Cobra Jet!
Make Your "Five-Oh" Go Faster and Smoother
If you love Ford performance, this is the place for you!
King of the Road
A Race Car For The Streets
Born on California's highways, the Mustang SSP offered police a high-performance alternative.
How to get up-close and personal to find the finest Ford Mustang you can afford.
A visual guide to telling one vintage Pony Car from its model-year stable mates.
A visual feast for Mustang lovers.
Mustang's third body style emerges.
A Real Jekyll & Hyde Ride
The power plants that gave the Mustang its gallop.
Upgrading a 1966 Mustang's Baer system from two-piston PBR caliper to six-piston Baer caliper.
A fitting end to the S-197 Mustang era.
Daytona Speedway was a fitting corral for these ponies.
Tulsa Raceway Park thundered with Ford power!
Carving corners with Ford power!
Walking around the paddock at Hallett Motor Racing Circuit
A great mix of old and new meet at this year's Atlanta auto show.
The Ultimate Ford Family Reunion
Fords invade downtown Tulsa's Brady Arts District
Walking around Tulsa Raceway Park
The capstone of a great event.
Tail fins from mild to wild were on display this year.
These post-war beauties helped define what an American car should be.
New car plus old styling equals retro cool!
Keeping It Old School
The Bruce Weiner Microcar Museum auction by RM Auctions featured some interesting finds, like this mini-Jeep clone!
Some Show Cars Defy Description
These rods are keeping true to their roots.
Cars were built to be driven, even old ones.
Check out Bryan's latest project on Cafe Racer TV.
From stock to wild these engines were just as impressive as the cars around them.
Once again RM delivers with $26.8 million in sales and an impressive list of vehicles.
This may be the "Back To The 50s" show but these 60s cars are welcomed with open arms.
AutoTrader Classics takes a look at the upcoming exhibit at the High Museum.
A highway with history.
An ocean away but right at home at the historic races.
There is no question that these cars were built to run fast and hard.
These show stoppers are the heart and soul of the event!
A time honored tradition in the rodding world.
From horseless carriages to speedsters, these rolling masterpieces captured everyone's imagination.
Creative Minds Know No Bounds
Who would have thought a factory stock appearance would stand out so much?
Overcoming mechanic's fear.
Chopped, dropped, channeled and tons of chrome.
These trucks haul in more ways than one.
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SCOTTSDALE, Ariz. — Peter Schiff Aero has appointed Genesis Aircraft Support as the worldwide distributor for the new PSA 830 CCA Air Conditioning System for Beechcraft King Air 200/300 and 350 series aircraft. [Read more…]
New book commemorates anniversary of floatplane odyssey
On Dec. 18, 1990, Tom Casey became the first person to fly solo around the world in a single-engine seaplane, landing only on water. He did it in a converted Cessna 206 named the "Liberty II" equipped with floats. A new novel by William Coleman, "Floatplane Odyssey," details the account of this historic adventure. [Read more…]
iFly Version 9 introduced
Adventure Pilot has released its Version 9 software update to the iFly GPS app for Apple, Android and the company's dedicated devices.
This update delivers Seamless HD Charts, Customizable Map Layers, redesigned "NRST" function, a "Smart Search" keyboard that finds airports while you type, and the ability to hide specified SUAs. A 30-day free trial of iFly GPS is available for download on the App and Play Store. [Read more…]
A.E.R.O. debuts cable socket tool
A.E.R.O. has introduced its new Aircraft Cable Socket Tool, an engine control cable socket and nut kit. [Read more…]
Sporty's debuts new sunglasses with built-in readers
Sporty's Pilot Shop has introduced three new aviator-style sunglasses with integrated reading lenses. [Read more…]
Alpha Systems AOA get FAA nod
Alpha Systems AOA reports that all its angle of attack (AOA) systems, covering six models in single and dual displays for pressurized and unpressurized airplanes (24 models in all), have been accepted for installation industry-wide by the FAA. [Read more…]
CFIs can have it their way with King FIRC
The King Schools Online Flight Instructor Refresher Course (FIRC) now allows CFIs to select lessons from a set of electives. Electives are drawn from hot topics in flight training, including teaching smart tablet use in the cockpit, using flight simulation to help pilots learn, and teaching icing survival. [Read more…]
AirClassics Dispatch Bag debuts
New from ASA is the AirClassics Dispatch Bag. [Read more…]
A.E.R.O. adds to Air Boss line
A.E.R.O. has added factory new cylinders for Lycoming engines to its Air Boss line. [Read more…]
CPS stocks Avmap Engibox for Rotax engines
California Power Systems now stocks the AvMap Engibox, which keep track of your Rotax engine to let you know if there are measurements exceeding the engine limits. [Read more…]


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Greene (GNIS FID: 1029240) is a populated place located in Renville County at latitude 48.656 and longitude -101.701.
The elevation is 1,637 feet. Greene appears on the Greene U.S. Geological Survey Map. Renville County is in the Central Time Zone (UTC -6 hours).
Renville County: Cities & Towns | ZIP Codes | Schools | Features (airports, churches, hospitals, etc.)
BIG Map |
Driving Directions |
Data Source - USGS GNIS FID: 1029240
BOUNDARY MAPS: Township of Grassland | Renville County
Grano, ND
(6 miles ESE)
Tolley, ND (7.6 miles NW)
Mohall, ND (11.4 miles NE)
Donnybrook, ND
(13.2 miles SW)
Carpio, ND (14.8 miles S)
Lansford, ND (15 miles E)
Chola, ND
(9.9 miles ESE)
Truro, ND (11.9 miles ENE)
Norma, ND (13.4 miles WNW)
Baden, ND
(14.7 miles WSW)


text:
AUGI members worldwide write articles, papers, tutorials all the time. Here we host that material on our site in a manner that allows readers to find what they are interested in. We have sections in a number of areas, some related to products and others management and organizational issues.
Software Products Articles
From Inventor Beginner to Certified ProfessionalNeed Inventor training? Author Dan Banach shows you where to find it.
Guide for Beginners: From AutoCAD to AutoCAD MEPWith the AEC industry pushing strongly toward 3D modeling, switching or upgrading to the MEP package will benefit your organization. AutoCAD MEP is the easiest and probably most affordable program with which to make the transition.
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Sir Richard Hill, 2nd Bt(1732-1808), Writer of religious pamphlets and Conservative politician; MP for Shropshire
Sitter in 3 portraits
Richard Hill was the elder brother of the evangelical preacher Rowland Hill. In 1758, he experienced an evangelical conversion after which he joined a Methodist society that met regularly in Oxford. He vigorously participated in the often bitter debates that broke out in the Methodist movement. Hill entered Parliament as an MP in 1780 where he remained for twenty-six years. He adopted an independent stance on most issues but became a staunch supporter of William Pitt after he came to power in 1783. Hill succeeded to the baronetcy on his father's death in 1783, inheriting his Shropshire estates and a large income. He never married, and was succeeded by his younger brother John Hill.
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Spanish Word for aardvark
English Word: aardvark
Spanish Word: cerdo hormiguero
Now you know how to say aardvark in Spanish. :-)
Interested in travelling to a Spanish-speaking country? Read the travel blog below:
Online private tutor (Caracas, Venezuela)
My company is sending me to Caracas in a week. I'm taking advantage of the trip and take some vacation time. That motivated me to think about my Spanish. I took it in college, I don't know if I' remember much anymore. Last night I was determined to find help for my rusty Spanish. I came across this website http://www.nulengua.com/. They teach Spanish online with a private tutor! My...
[ view entire travel blog ]
Popular Phrase: indefinido ser | Verb Conjugations | Conjugated Verb: lamentarse - to complain [ click for full conjugation ]


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Legendary Fenwick coach Dave Perry dies
Perry led water polo program to numerous state titles
By Brad Spencer
Mike Curtin can remember Dave Perry poking his head into Curtin's office with that ever-friendly grin on his face.
Fenwick High School's former athletic director couldn't resist his aquatic director's sweet smile and warm personality.
"We had our moments with each other, but we never stayed mad at one another very long," remembered Curtin. "He was a special man."
Perry, who began coaching swimming and water polo at Fenwick in 1987, died Sunday morning of cancer. He was 63 years old.
"Dave was a remarkable coach and a better person," said Curtin, currently Fenwick's associate athletic director. "It's the end of a coaching era; it truly is. He was one of the key guys to work with the IHSA to get them to sanction water polo. Everyone knew him. He was one of a kind."
Under Perry, the Fenwick boys water polo team won a total of 17 state titles, including eight-straight IHSA sanctioned state tournaments. The team won 51 straight games between the 2006 and 2007 seasons. The Friars also won 35 games in both 2004 and 2006. They went 36-0 and took home their eighth-straight state title last season with Dave's son, Kyle Perry, as interim head coach. Perry helped coach the team from a wheelchair during last year's 16-9 win over St. Ignatius in the title game at Stevenson High School.
"I can only say there is another angel in heaven," said Fenwick football coach Joe DiCanio of his colleague. "He was a terrific guy, and he put up a valiant fight. We can all learn about courage and discipline from him. He was a terrific leader and it's quite a loss for Fenwick."
With his success at the high school level and his popular Windy City Water Polo Club, Perry seemed to draw skilled athletes to his program.
"He was so successful and so many quality players just came to play for him," said Curtin. "It wasn't really fair, we got used to them winning every year.
"One thing about coaches: it's one thing to have talent, it's a whole other thing to know what to do with that talent. Perry was a master of how to use the talent he had."
Current Fenwick boys swim coach Luke McGuire said Perry was known for his patience.
"At Mass this morning one response to Dave's passing was 'slow to anger and rich in compassion,' and that really sums him up, as well as his coaching methods," said McGuire, who swam and coached under Perry. "He was a very mellow guy and a listener, which made him a great leader."
Jack Wagner, the Fenwick girls water polo coach who worked with Perry for 17 years, said his best friend was more than just a coach. "I have never met a man who was so calm and cool in pressure situations. He was a diplomat, a statesman, so much more than just a coach."
Visitation is scheduled for Friday from 3 p.m. to 9 p.m. in the gymnasium at Fenwick High School, 505 W. Washington Blvd. Mass is scheduled for Saturday beginning at 10 a.m. at St. Vincent Ferrer Church in River Forest, Lathrop and North Ave.
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Tim Morrison from Chicago
Posted: September 22nd, 2011 12:35 PM
My condolensces to the Perry family and all of the Fenwick community.
Malcolm Whiteside from Chicago
Posted: September 14th, 2011 3:09 PM
Mt. Carmel Alumni class of 1981, I had the pleasure of knowing Coach Dave from his coaching days at Mt. Carmel. He was a stand of man 30yrs ago. The talks we had then still stick with me today. May God Bless a good soldier.
Todd Heine from Chicago
Posted: September 13th, 2011 9:33 AM
Coach Perry was a great teacher and coach, but an even better person. He lead by example!!
Dan Toolan from Virginia Beach
Posted: September 12th, 2011 9:44 PM
We are a better people, leaders, and parents for having been students of Coach Perry. Each day he earned the respect of his peers and gave respect to the students who learned from him. The kindness and honesty of the lessons he taught me changed me as young man, and have stayed with me throughout my life. The patience and love he gave to his students, friends, and family will stay with us through our lives. Mrs Perry, Kyle, and Liz my thoughts and love are with you.
Rena from Cleveland
Posted: September 12th, 2011 2:01 PM
Coach Perry was a great man who nurtured his players in and out of the water. He was a special person who touched many lives. He will be greatly missed but never forgotten.
Jeff from South Carolina
Posted: September 12th, 2011 1:03 PM
I had the pleasure of getting to know Dave Perry during my teaching and coaching tenure at Fenwick. The more you got to know him, the better you liked him. And the same can be said for his wife Marianne, his son Kyle and daughter Liz. More important than the legacy of success in the pool will be the legacy of his wonderful family, all of whom inherited his warm heart and gentle disposition.
Pat from Chicago
Posted: September 12th, 2011 10:17 AM
His record spoke for itself! While we hated losing water polo games to him, you could not help but respect his coaching skills and the way he developed his program and young athletes. He will be missed within the water polo community.
Chris Jasculca from Westchester, Illinois Facebook Verified
Posted: September 11th, 2011 10:06 PM
Chris Jasculca While I did not know Dave Perry well, I had the privilege to see firsthand the tremendous impact he had on his family, friends, colleagues and students. Today, the community lost a great coach and educator...and an even better human being.
mary from chicago
Posted: September 11th, 2011 6:25 PM
one of the greatest guys i have ever had the honor to meet
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The Port of Long Beach wins Federal Maritime Commission 'Earth Day' Award in recognition of its mitigation & sustainability efforts.
The Port has been named one of three recipients of the 2013 Federal Maritime Commission's Chairman's Earth Day Awards for its commitment to mitigating the environmental impacts of international shipping and for encouraging sustainability in Port operations.
The selections were made in March by Richard A. Lidinsky Jr., who has since been replaced as chairman of the Maritime Commission by former Port commissioner Mario Cordero.
Lidinsky will present the awards at a ceremony in Washington, D.C. Tuesday, April 23.
Launched in 2010, the Earth Day Awards honor outstanding environmental contributions by stakeholders in the U.S. maritime and transportation industry.
The Coast Guard medevaced a 50-year-old woman from a cruise ship 225 miles southeast of Southwest Pass, Saturday.
Watchstanders at Coast Guard District 8 received a call at approximately 9 a.
Plans to terminate commercial tours to the North Pole on the nuclear-powered icebreakers of the Atomflot company in 2016 have surged the demand for these tours.
The Palaszczuk Government has appointed one of Queensland's most respected businesswomen, Renita Garard as the new Chair of the Port of Townsville.
In a statement released earlier today,
New Jersey Governor Chris Christie on Friday said his transportation commissioner Jamie Fox would step down by the end of the month to return to the private sector after only a year in the position.
The first three of the world's largest and most technologically advanced Ship-to-Shore (STS) container cranes and two rail mounted cranes for the intermodal rail
Search and rescue teams on Sunday located debris which appeared to belong to the cargo ship El Faro that went missing in the eye of Hurricane Joaquin with 33 mostly American crew members aboard,
Hempel will take part in the Danish Maritime Days (DMD) event next week and make presentations at the DMD Technical Conference, which is being held in cooperation with Danish Maritime,


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I love to laugh! I like being outdoors, watching football, taking long drives in the mountains, listening to music, and being in and near water. I'm a total water bug. Fishing - I won't put the crawly things on the hook (this is something I politely ask others to do for me), but I love fishing!
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"We tend to go to the negative, and why that is, I guess there are probably multiple reasons," she said. "We tend to focus on the unhappiness and the negative."
Hobson said when you take a positive approach, you will find yourself treating others better.
"Each of us need to look around and say, 'Wow, that person over there really may need a smile or pat today,' rather than pointing out what you don't like about them," she said. "Maybe that'll make a big difference on what the person does next."
What are some ways people can count their blessings?
Exercising and spending time outside are two examples of simple things a person can do to appreciate what's around them. It can start with the moment they get home from work.
"You hug your kids. You hug your husband or wife. You say, 'How are you?' I think that's the first place to start," she said. "If we each did that, that would spread."


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Holiday childcare comes in various forms from holiday clubs in day nurseries to summer adventure camps. You'll also find dance and drama workshops and sports activity days taking place near you.
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