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Exploring the Raspberry Pi through real-world projects
Raspberry Pi is obviously not a desktop system. If using the terminal seems too strange and cryptic to you, you should start with the desktop and work your way to the command line gradually.
From its very conception, the RasPi was conceived as an energy-efficient PC for multimedia applications, and it is clearly intended for use as an embedded system. The hardware is ideally suited for use as a server or process computer, or for controlling tasks in hobby projects that are not too power hungry. The configuration makes it possible to connect necessary peripherals, and the header practically begs you to put together additional features to suit your own needs. A specialized Linux distributions will help make the first steps easier for novices.
The developers have achieved their original goal of making computer technology tangible for interested – and especially young – people. The winter and school year are in their most difficult phases; for the next project in your basement, Raspberry Pi receives our warmest recommendations.
- Raspberry Pi: http://www.raspberrypi.org
- Hardware Buying Guide: http://elinux.org/RPi_Hardware_Basic_Setup#Typical_Hardware_You_Will_Need
- More help choosing hardware: http://elinux.org/RPi_VerifiedPeripherals
- Farnell element14 (Europe)/Newark element14 (North America): http://uk.farnell.com http://www.newark.com
- RS Components (UK)/Allied Electronics (North America): http://uk.rs-online.com http://www.alliedelec.com
- For answers to questions, turn to: http://elinux.org/RaspberryPiBoard
- Raspbian "Wheezy": http://www.raspbian.org
- Omxplayer audio/video player: https://github.com/huceke/omxplayer
- Hostapd: http://hostap.epitest.fi/hostapd
- Quick2Wire Python API: https://github.com/quick2wire/quick2wire-python-api
- GPIO Admin: https://github.com/quick2wire/quick2wire-gpio-admin
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Bug database has a bug of its own that could allow an intruder to create an unauthorized account.
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Report focuses federal resources on achieving universal Internet access.
RC4 Finally Gets the Fork
Leading browser makers say "no" to porous encryption algorithm
IBM Says TOR Network a Vehicle for Ransomware
Report from the X-Force group says attackers are using TOR to hide their crimes
Mozilla Announces new Firefox API
Future Firefox extensions will be compatible with Chrome.
Weird Security Flaw Affected Intel Chips for 16 Years
Better read this if you bought your computer before 2011
OpenSSH 7.0 Secure Shell Arrives
Users should upgrade to the new version as soon as possible
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text:
Police: Robbery of Vt. couple was set upOctober 17,2013The Associated Press
THETFORD - Vermont State Police say a couple robbed at gunpoint in an acquaintance's driveway had been lured there.
Police said Caitlyn and Chris Burnham of Bradford were visiting with McKayla Jordan in Thetford. The three were in the Burnhams' car when two masked men came out of the woods and pointed a handgun at Chris Burnham. They left with his wallet and about $1,000.
The Burnhams told police that despite the masks, they were able to identify both men.
Police later arrested 28-year-old Buddy Covey of Bradford and 42-year-old Jamie Lussier of Croydon, N.H., on charges of assault and robbery. They were being arraigned Thursday.
They said the 24-year-old Jordan will appear in court at a later date.MORE IN This Just InRehearsing for an opera is like training for a marathon, says international performing artist... Full Story
POULTNEY — A nonprofit organization is eyeing about 200 '"deadbeat... Full Story
Police said a Poultney man sold two stolen dirt bikes. Full Story
- Most Popular
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Virgin Media is now the new name for NTL. If you want to review your Digital TV experiences of either Telewest or NTL after 8th Feb 2007, here is the place to do so.
Use the tools below to refine your search by only displaying reviews with a certain number of star ratings or to only show reviews from a certain time period. Eg click on '1 star' to just display the reviews we have which received a 1 star rating click or 'Within the last month' to display just reviews posted over the last month.
Written on: 14/09/2015 by Diverlone (1 review written)
I wanted to change my Virgin broadband service to a new house. Agreed a date of the switch off on the 8th of July and switch on the next day the 9th. Had a day off work, waited all day, but no call and no one turned up. Called Virgin, waited 35 mins to be answered, to be told it couldn't be fitted as it needed Constuction to do some work. This has been going on untill today, with many phone calls lots of lies to say it is happening, then it's not, being told to call back if I here nothing from… Read Full Review
Written on: 07/09/2015 by Julianne189 (1 review written)
Tivo is slow, youtube doesn't work, ondemand takes forever and crashes. NOW DOLBY DIGITAL HAS BEEN REMOVED. Watching tv is like watching youtube videos 10 years ago and the talking isn't at the same time as the faces moving. You can't do most of the things Tivo does in America. Customer services are a joke… Read Full Review
Written on: 16/08/2015 by Lucky1919 (1 review written)
We changed from Sky in June and wished we hadn't. We were promised a like for like package and have had had problems ever since. We were misled and the customer service has been appalling with rude and overbearing telephone advisors. The only positive aspect has been the excellent service from the visiting engineers trying to sort out the many problems we have encountered( 3 different ones). They are desperately striving to maintain their company's credibility. If you are thinking of… Read Full Review
Written on: 15/08/2015 by mjlewis563 (1 review written)
My broadband itself works fine so I didn't want to give one star, and I know other companies have similar policies to virgin regarding DD payments. However, charging £5 for every month that I don't pay by DD is just ridiculous, especially as I never had DD option or charges explained to me on sign up. The energy company I'm with deal with things in DD, and if you don't have one set up will gently recommend it every time you phone them, but they don't charge extra for it, so why should… Read Full Review
Written on: 21/07/2015 by 1emme1 (1 review written)
This is the worst company ever, they keep cutting us off in the middle of the month, every month, my husband gets paid at the end of the month we told them this they were fine for the first month when they took the money out on the right date, but the next month they cut us off and wanted money earlier which we could not do. They don't listen to customers and we have phoned 1000's of times just to be told the Same thing all the time. Its not on and we are now looking into a new service and will… Read Full Review
Written on: 02/07/2015
absolutly usless, super fast? More like super slow, and im exagerating when i say slow, that bad, moved to sky, would not recomend virgin at all, dont waste your money!!!… Read Full Review
Written on: 02/06/2015 by Bentley379 (1 review written)
Connection just doesn't work half the time enni… Read Full Review
Written on: 15/05/2015 by Asher171 (1 review written)
I am a virgin media customer for some time and their customer service is terrible. I have been trying to call then loads of time to fix the WiFi connection problem but they don't know how to fix this it. The connection seems to be really slow and I cannot connect to the internet if I am away from my router. I have been having this problem ever since I joined virgin media. The customer service are really lousy and not trained properly. They also increase my bill by £5 every month and I called… Read Full Review
Written on: 16/04/2015 by sarah060606 (1 review written)
If i could leave a minus star i would!! avoid this company like the plauge!! Firstly the technition come in to my home and installed my new services, while doing this he snapped my shelf of the wall and used black wires on a white wall he left the wires hanging down the wall did not even tack them to anything he also left the power box just hanging there. when i called to make a complaint the customer service team where shocking!! put me on hold twice and hung up both times (clearly did not… Read Full Review
Written on: 26/03/2015 by angelofthemidlands (2 reviews written)
Customer service needs work. They really struggle to help or resolve your matter… Read Full Review
Written on: 10/01/2015 by RosemaryMunoz24 (1 review written)
Service OK, but many disruptions. Internet often "hangs" for a few seconds. But when you want to get out of your contract (i was moving to Belgium), they are SUPER unflexible. First of all the fees you pay are really high, in my case 6 months left = 133£. (only pay 30£ pm) But the next tenant was willing to take over my contract. But this was not possible. Why? i could only "refer" her as a friend. Meaning stopping my account, bringing back the TIVO box and then referring her, letting her… Read Full Review
Written on: 03/12/2014 by iamsuprisedbransontoleratesthis (1 review written)
There is a fault with my virgin broadband service. I can access my personal email account using my laptop in every wifi hotspot, Starbucks, airport you name it, without any problems - EXCEPT through the virgin broadband in my own house. Therefore, it MUST be a problem with virgin broadband. Their useless, bored sounding "customer service" people just tell me, in their "couldn't care less" drone that they can't take responsibility for an email address that is not a virgin one. And when I… Read Full Review
Written on: 24/10/2014 by GiovanniMcGregor (1 review written)
I am disgusted with this company and so called 'customer service'! I paid every single bill on time and in full for the 3.5 years I was with them(broadband) despite the signal being lousy and the modem blinking all the time. On cancelation, the last bill was not visible on my account as my bills weren't viewable and still aren't. I couldn't work out how to pay my bill without calling their 08 number and so asked a lady at the other and of the live chat service how to pay. She said online, i… Read Full Review
Written on: 23/09/2014 by monty007 (14 reviews written)
AFTER HAVING A VIRGIN.NET EMAIL address for about 20 years, a free email address we were told. Now they have decided to just delete my account. I was one of the first people to take up a FREE email address back then. WHY ARE THEY INDIAN GIVERS? When I called to ask they said it was because i cancelled my broadband, i explained the email was setup before broadband existed and was a free service, this didnt seen to be understood by bangladesh experience. This is going to be a nightmare for me… Read Full Review
Written on: 20/09/2014 by graham303 (1 review written)
I have no ongoing agreement with them. Needed only to give one months notice. Took days to find there secret address to send written notice to cancel to. I sent it recorded delivery as I knew they would say had not received it. They continue to try to bill me for months afterwards and even send bill for the future !! lol You CANNOT phone them. They have shared cost number that they generate an income from and so is in their interest to put you on hold for half a day. They need to go jail… Read Full Review
Written on: 09/09/2014 by Dugancv167 (1 review written)
I have herd mixed reviews about Virgin Media but gave it a go. The communication was clear, I had a text a few days before to confirm, the engineer called on the morning and the install was quick and painless. The broadband speed is slightly higher than I have paid for - and in the month I have had the service I have had no issues, consistent speeds and a reliable service. I have not had to call customer services as its all gone well so far… Read Full Review
Written on: 26/08/2014 by willihulks (8 reviews written)
The braodband service is up and down like a yoyo. Inconsistent speeds. And i have fibre to my front door. The exchange is 1/4 mile away. Rubbish. I have complained numerous times. Like all thing Virgin, its brilliantly marketed, poorly delivered… Read Full Review
Written on: 15/08/2014 by RoninMcKinney (1 review written)
Two years of service as a student and will never use them again as an adult!!! For a start they increase the bill almost monthly so the "deal" you get to start with lasts a few months, I think if we have to sign a contract then they can't increase the amount to be paid! After the contract is up they email/send a letter asking if you want to continue with their service and then seem to just ignore you when you try and cancel it continuing to send you bills (We contacted them 3 times to cancel… Read Full Review
Written on: 14/08/2014
I was simply missold. My first bill was £110 and my August one is of £152. No need to add anymore. Do not join at all even if advertised £35 as they did for us and on the phone. Stay away, as you will have to stay with them at least 18 months...I have to unfortunately. The Customer Service is the worst I had to deal with. Simply not sympathetic and the installation was the worst and quickly done with so many problems afterwards… Read Full Review
Written on: 19/05/2014 by Mylaf459 (1 review written)
I have been a loyal broadband customer of Virgin Media for a good few years. Then last year, Virgin Media announced that because it was such a good company and needed to remain competitive, it was increasing its prices way above inflation. I disputed this and communicated with Virgin Media over the internet using their website chat. The representative of Virgin Media misled me and indicated that if I agreed to stay with them for 12 months, my prices would be fixed for 24 months and I would get… Read Full Review
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Mar 28
a mash up of BASS MUSIC-UKG-TRAP-DUBSTEP-HOUSE-TECH HOUSE-DUB-ELECTRO HIP HOP-DANCEHALL-GRIME-DNB-JUNGLE & DUTTY RIDDIMS artist across two rooms OXIDE & NEUTRINO (so solid crew) JAKES (hench) NICKY BLACKMARKET (oldskool jungle set) HATCHA & CRAZY D (kiss fm) DUBSTEP MAFIA (live) CRITICAL IMPACT (clear skys) TEMO (hench) FIREMAN SAM (hot wuk/the blast stb) WEDGE B2B GATE KEEPER CARNIVAL KIDZ DUB SCIENTIST VIDA LOCA (LIVE J PROJECT JACANA DJ DARKIE CHANGING WAYS GULLIVER OBEY DESPICABLE YOUTH MAXWELL DJ ROACH VEXXED BRENNAN G-REG Hosted by: CRAZY D FRILLA MC M-R-T SPARKA BOI LADY VIBEZ
Aug 13
Chilled out breakbeat and bass music
"Runner Up: Labrat (DJ Roach Remix). Of all the remixes that stuck closest to dnb and heavier breaks [this],which uses all of the original parts plus some new breaks and a new bassline, got our attention based on its blinding, grinding, in-your-face approach. It's loud - with no apologies!"


text:
Flour and Breads and their Fortification in Health and Disease Prevention
Edited by
- Victor Preedy, Department of Dietetics, King's College London, UK
- Ronald Watson, Professor of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman Arizona College of Public Health and School of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Vinood Patel, University of Westminster, London, UK
Flour and Breads and their Fortification in Health and Disease Prevention provides a single-volume reference to the healthful benefits of a variety of flours and flour products, and guides the reader in identifying options and opportunities for improving health through flour and fortified flour products.
AudienceNutritionists and Food Scientists interested in the specific health benefits of various flour resources
Book information
- Published: January 2011
- Imprint: ACADEMIC PRESS
Table of Contents
Preface; Section I: Introductory Chapters, Flours and Breads; The science of doughs and bread quality; Monitoring flour performance in bread making; South Indian parotta - an unleavened, flat bread; Sourdough breads; Focaccia Italian flat fatty bread: quality and technology; Flour and bread from black, purple and blue-colored wheats; Emmer (Triticum turgidum spp. dicoccum) flour and breads; Einkorn (Triticum monococcum) flour and bread; Maize: Composition, bioactive constituents and unleavened bread; Amaranth: Potential source for flour enrichment; Quinoa: Protein and non protein tryptophan in comparison with other cereal and legume flours and bread; Sorghum Flour and Flour Products: Production, Nutritional Quality and Fortification; Buckwheat flour and bread; Non-starch polysaccharides in maize and oat: ferulated arabinoxylans and b-glucans; Gluten Free Bread: Sensory, physicochemical and nutritional aspects; Dietary fibre from brewer's spent grain as a functional ingredient in bread making technology; Composite flours and breads: potentials of local crops in developing countries; Legume composite flours and baked goods: Nutritional, functional, sensory and phytochemical quality; Potentials of using okra seed (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench) flour for food fortification and effects of processing; Apricot kernel flour and its use in health; Macadamia Flours: Nutritious Ingredients for Baked Goods; Banana and mango flours; Use of Potato flour in bread and flat bread; Section 2: Fortification of Flours and Breads and their Metabolic Effects; Mineral fortification of whole wheat flour-an overview; Iron particle size in iron-fortified bread; Iodine fortification of bread: experiences from Australia and New Zealand; Phytochemical fortification of flour and bread; Carotenoids in sweetpotato, cassava and maize and their use in bread and flour fortification; Production and nutraceutical properties of breads fortified with DHA and omega-3 containing oils; Fortification with free amino acids affects acrylamide content in yeast-leavened bread; Barley β-glucans and fiber-rich fractions as functional ingredient in flat and pan breads; Antioxidant activity and phenolics in breads with added barley flour; Bread supplemented with chempedak (Artocarpus integer) seed flour; Effect of starch addition to fluid dough during breadmaking process; Fermentation as a tool to improve healthy properties of bread; Apple pomace (by-product of apple juice industry) as a flour fortification strategy; Use of sweetpotato in bread and flour fortification; Fortification of bread with soy protein to normalize serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels; Dietary breads and impact on postprandial parameters; Fortification of vitamin B-12 to flour and the metabolic response; Metabolic effects of β-Glucans addition to corn maize flour; Lupin kernel fiber: Metabolic effects in human intervention studies and use as supplement in wheat bread; Metabolic effects of propionic acid-enriched breads; Folic acid and colon cancer. Impact of wheat flour fortification with folic acid; Effects of the soybean flour diet on insulin secretion and action; Metabolic effects of bread fortified with wheat sprouts and bioavailability of ferulic acid from wheat bran


text:
Lost 2004 | TV Show Watchlist
Season 2, Episode 23 Live Together, Die Alone
First Aired: May 24, 2006
Season 2 conclusion (Part 1 of two). Jack and Sayid devise a plan to confront the Others and rescue Walt after a boat appears offshore. Meanwhile, Eko and Locke fight as Locke makes a potentially cataclysmic decision regarding the "button" and the hatch. Flashbacks follow Desmond (Henry Ian Cusick) and explore the hatch's history from his point of view. Mr. Friendly: M.C. Gainey. Kelvin Inman: Clancy Brown. Alex: Tania Raymonde. Ms. Klugh: April Grace.
Guest Cast
Michael Bowen Michael Bowen Pickett
Eyal Podell Eyal Podell Young Man
April Grace April Grace Ms. Klugh
Clancy Brown Kelvin Inman
Cast & Details See all »
- Premiered: September 22, 2004
- Rating: TV-14
- User Rating:
- Premise: An addictively enigmatic hit about stranded plane-crash survivors on an eerie Pacific island. These disparate, resilient souls are bedeviled by flashbacks to their pasts, ever-changing group dynamics, otherworldly predators and hostile island inhabitants t… (more)
Trending TonightSee all »
The Last Kingdom10:00 pm | BBCI'll Watch52 Watching
Doctor Who9:00 pm | BBCI'll Watch42 Watching
NASCAR Sprint Cup Series: From Concord, N.C.7:15 pm | NBCI'll Watch40 Watching
Lost in Space: The Complete Adventures [Blu-ray]
By 20th Century FoxBuy New: $129.01
I Lost it at the Video Store: A Filmmakers' Oral History of a Vanished Era
By The Critical PressBuy New: $22.28
The Lost Continent: Travels in Small-Town America
By William Morrow PaperbacksBuy New: $11.96
Popular Shows
- 1. Blindspot
- 2. Quantico
- 3. Rosewood
- 4. Limitless
- 5. Code Black
- 6. The Player
- 7. Life in Pieces
Popular Movies
- 1. Straight Outta Compton
- 2. Ant-Man
- 3. Southpaw
- 4. Trainwreck
- 5. Minions
- 6. Vacation
- 7. Mission: Impossible - Rogue Nation
Popular Celebrities
- 1. Priyanka Chopra
- 2. Bindi Irwin
- 3. Selena Gomez
- 4. Melissa Benoist
- 5. Jaimie Alexander
- 6. Rami Malek
- 7. Bryshere Y. Gray


text:
And Tesla is at the heart of it
Don't delay - 2016 is around the corner
Join the NASDAQ Community today and get free, instant access to portfolios, stock ratings, real-time alerts, and more!
On Dec 13, we maintained our Neutral recommendation on
Rockwell Automation Inc.
), a leading global provider of industrial automation power,
control, and information solutions. Our reiteration was on the
basis of expected benefits from investment in Logix as well as
new customer offerings that will increase its served market and
growth in the oil and gas markets. However, concerns regarding
weakness in Europe and Asia Pacific might offset the positives.
Furthermore, given that the EMEA region contributes 21% to
Rockwell Automation's sales, we remain cautious due to Europe's
persistent debt problems. Macroeconomic conditions might continue
to be a headwind for Rockwell Automations in fiscal 2014.
Moderating global economic growth and uncertainty in the global
economic scenario can lead to cautious capital spending, limiting
Rockwell's near-term revenue visibility.
Other Stocks to Consider
Rockwell Automation currently retains a Zacks Rank #3 (Hold).
Better-ranked stocks in the retail sector include
Xylem Inc.
DXP Enterprises, Inc.
) and
Flowserve Corp.
). While Xylem carries a Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy), DXP and
Flowserve hold a Zacks Rank #2 (Buy).
Enter up to 25 symbols separated by commas or spaces in the text box below. These symbols will be available during your session for use on applicable pages.
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text:
RE: [h_t_rex] FW: RRCA: Upcoming Coaching Certification Courses
I am also interested.
From: firstname.lastname@example.com [mailto:email@example.com] On Behalf Of Julie Monte
Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2013 10:34 AM
To: email@example.com
Subject: Re: [h_t_rex] FW: RRCA: Upcoming Coaching Certification Courses
I would be interested as well.
From: MARY Griffith <feetfirst26@...>
To: "firstname.lastname@example.com" <email@example.com>
Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2013 8:27 AM
Subject: RE: [h_t_rex] FW: RRCA: Upcoming Coaching Certification Courses
I'm not an official member, but would be interested in the course.
Run like the wind...
To: email@example.com
From: smertz@...
Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2013 06:02:45 -0500
Subject: Re: [h_t_rex] FW: RRCA: Upcoming Coaching Certification Courses
It's been a long while since I was "active" with htrex but I've been lurking here a couple years. I would be interested in the course, depending on when it was and such.
-- Steve
On Wed, Mar 27, 2013 at 12:27 PM, Kimberly A. McQuire <kimberly.a.mcquire@...> wrote:
Calling Austin and Houston area runners!
Ben and I have been toying with the idea of becoming certified running coaches. After looking into it a bit, we found out there is a certification course.
The courses are offered around the country, but they must be "hosted" by local running clubs, running stores, or similar. RRCA will offer a stipend to help cover the cost of food and beverage. The host must also provide the meeting space, though this is not covered by the stipend (therefore, free spaces are best). All other aspects (registration, instructor fees and costs, course materials, and testing) are coordinated by RRCA and paid for with the course registration fee ($300). The courses are offered for 35 people and the RRCA will help ensure certain people are given priority (i.e., those who helped organize the course). More information may found here.
The RRCA strongly suggests there be at least 15 individuals committed to attending the course prior to requesting to host the course. This brings me to the following:
Does anyone else have any interest in attending the course? Would HCTR or HTRex be interested in "hosting" the course? If not, can anyone offer ideas of another organization or business that might be interested in doing so?
Looking forward to hearing from you all,
Kimberly A. McQuire
From: RRCA Coaching Program [mailto:programs@...]
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2013 9:31 AM
To: kimberly.a.mcquire@...
Subject: RRCA: Upcoming Coaching Certification Courses
RRCA: Upcoming Coaching Certifications Click here
You're receiving this email because you joined the Road Runners Club of America email list for notices about upcoming coaching certifications. If you no longer wish to receive these emails, please unsubscribe below. Please do not respond to this email about inquiries about future course locations and dates. We will announce locations as they are scheduled.
You may unsubscribe if you no longer wish to receive our emails.
Get certified!
Open Courses:
Course information:
The goal of the RRCA Coaching Certification Program is to create a national community of knowledgeable and ethical coaches. The certification course emphasizes how to be a successful coach, whether coaching individuals, small groups, or large group training programs, such as 5k, half marathon or marathon training programs.
The two-day course includes 16 hours of in-person coursework followed by an online, multiple-choice exam with immediate results. The curriculum includes lecture, group work, and interactive exercises, including working in teams to build training programs for novice and experienced runners.
Cost for the two-day certification class is $300. Courses are limited to 35 participants. Classes tend to fill quickly, so register as soon as possible.
Course Transfers and Refund Policy:
There are NO course transfers. If you are registered for a course and would like to attend a different course, you must register for the new course online, and then cancel and request a $250.00 refund for the course you would like to drop. You may cancel your registration by emailing coaching@.... If you cancel your registration at least two weeks before the course date you will receive a check refund of $250.00. NO EXCEPTIONS. No phone calls please.
Wait List Information:
If you are interested in attending a sold-out course posted on the website, please place your name on our wait list form. We will contact you if a spot becomes available.
Continuing Education Credits
The American College of Sports Medicine's Professional Education Committee certifies that this offering meets the criteria for 16.0 credit hours of ACSM Continuing Education Credit.
Road Runners Club of America
1501 Lee Hwy, Ste 140
Arlington, Virginia 22209
The RRCA Coaching Certifications are designed to train coaches interested in coaching adult distance runners. There are currently more than 2,700 RRCA Certified Coaches across the US and Canada. Learn more about hosting a course on behalf of your running club.
- I will be I interested in it
Sent from my iPhone
On Mar 27, 2013, at 22:42, "mariela_botella" <mvbotella@...> wrote:
You could also try some of the smaller running stores to see if they would be interested to host?
Tri on the Run, Finish Strong, Fleet Feet...etc.
I don't know if HTRex would count since we're not a registered 'running club'?
I've considered getting certified for both running and spinning...so I would be interested.


text:
You will receive your membership pack once you have completed two return trips in Economy Class or one return trip in either First or Business Class on any Emirates flight or codeshare flight that carries an Emirates flight number (EK).
Please note that you will receive an email asking you to confirm your delivery address, which you need to do before we can send your pack. Once you have confirmed or updated your postal address, delivery will take up to six weeks. You can also print a temporary card to use in the meantime.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|30 Oct 2003
|Filing date
|29 Apr 2002
|Priority date
|29 Apr 2002
|Publication number
|Stanley Stephenson, Robert Capurso, John Kilburn
|Original Assignee
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (5), Referenced by (25), Classifications (12), Legal Events (1)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
[0001] The present invention relates to a structure having a flexible display with front electrical contacts to the display.
[0002] Currently, information is displayed using assembled sheets of paper carrying permanent inks or displayed on electronically modulated surfaces such as cathode ray displays or liquid crystal displays. Other sheet materials can carry magnetically written areas carrying ticketing or financial information, however magnetically written data is not visible.
[0003] A structure is disclosed in PCT/WO 97/04398, which is a thorough recitation of the art of thin, electronically written display technologies. Disclosed is the assembling of multiple flexible display sheets that are bound into a "book", each sheet provided with means to individually address each page. The patent recites prior art in forming thin, electronically written pages, including flexible sheets, image modulating material formed from a bi-stable liquid crystal system, and thin metallic conductor lines on each page.
[0004] U.S. Pat. No. 3,600,060 issued Aug. 17, 1971 to Churchill shows a device having a coated then dried emulsion of cholesteric liquid crystals in aqueous gelatin to form a field responsive, bistable display.
[0005] Fabrication of flexible, electronically written display sheets is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,435,047 issued Mar. 6, 1984 to Fergason. A first sheet has transparent ITO conductive areas and a second sheet has electrically conductive inks printed on display areas. The sheets can be glass, but in practice have been formed of Mylar polyester. A dispersion of liquid crystal material in a binder is coated on the first sheet, and the second sheet is pressed onto the liquid crystal material. Electrical potential applied to opposing conductive areas operates on the liquid crystal material to expose display areas. The display ceases to present an image when de-energized. Such products form electrical interconnection by offsetting the two sheets and contacting trace conductors from each of the two sheets. The displays require both front and back contact.
[0006] U.S. Pat. No. 5,751,257 issued May 12, 1998 to Sutherland shows a similar structure wherein the display has first and second substrates and the bottom substrate protrudes beyond the top substrate to provide access to conductors on the bottom substrate. Connection to a common conductor on the top substrate is provided by an extension arm having an electrical contact that makes contact with the conductor on the underside of top substrate.
[0007] The prior art typically requires multiple, separate sheets to build up the display. The electrical contacts and transparent conductive layers are typically formed through repeated vacuum deposition and photolithography of materials on the substrate. These processes are expensive and require long processing times on capital intensive equipment. Because most display structures are formed of glass, two sheets are used and are offset to permit connection to two separate and exposed sets of contacts that are disposed on separate sheets. The operative materials in such displays are unconstrained fluids, which render such displays inflexible and pressure sensitive. Such structures have both front and back contacts.
[0008] There is a need therefore for an improved display structure for providing front contact to polymer dispersed material displays. There is a further need for display assemblies to receive printed information and have sufficient flexibility to be passed through a printer.
[0009] The need is met according to the present invention by providing a display assembly including a display having a single flexible transparent substrate, one or more first transparent conductors located on the substrate, a layer of polymer dispersed material located over the first transparent conductor(s), the polymer dispersed material being responsive to an applied electric field for displaying information and having first and second optical states that are both stable in the absence of an electrical field, one or more second conductors located over the polymer dispersed layer for applying the electric field to the polymer dispersed material between the first and second conductors and a plurality of display contacts located on the backside of the display for making electrical connection to the first and second conductors of the display; and a support for the display, the support having a plurality of support contacts, the support contacts having a first conductive portion for providing contact to the conductors of the display and a second conductive portion in an area outside the display, the display being attached to the support with the display contacts in electrical contact with the support contacts, whereby the first and second conductors are electrically addressable from the front side of the display assembly.
[0010] Advantages
[0011] The invention provides a display assembly that can be electrically accessed from the front. The display assembly can use displays manufactured through creation of layers on a single flexible substrate. Such displays having all electrical contacts behind the display can be disposed on a support to create front connections. Means are disclosed for creating support contacts on the support and connecting display conductors to the support contacts. The entire display assembly can be flexible. Display assemblies can have an adhesive backing. Multiple display assemblies can be on a common release liner to facilitate printing. The display assembly can receive images, providing static and changeable information in a single structure.
[0012]FIG. 1 is a perspective of a first polymer dispersed material display used with the present invention;
[0013]FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a chiral nematic material in a planar and focal-conic state responding to incident light;
[0014]FIG. 3 is a top view of a second type of display useable with the present invention;
[0015]FIG. 4A is a partial cross sectional view of the display of FIG. 3 taken along line A-A at a gap in the dielectric layer;
[0016]FIG. 4B is a partial cross sectional view of the display of FIG. 3 taken along line B-B through a column trace;
[0017]FIG. 5 is a top view of a seven-segment display having the structure shown in FIG. 1;
[0018]FIG. 6A is a partial cross sectional view of the display of FIG. 5 taken along lines A-A in FIG. 5 at a gap in the dielectric layer;
[0019]FIG. 6B is a partial cross sectional view of the display of FIG. 5 taken along line B-B at a column trace;
[0020]FIG. 7A is an exploded perspective schematic view of a display assembly according to the present invention;
[0021]FIG. 7B is a perspective view of the display assembly shown in FIG. 7A, showing drive contacts in contact with the support contacts of the display assembly;
[0022]FIG. 8A is an exploded top view of a specific embodiment of a display assembly according to the present invention;
[0023]FIG. 8B is a top view of the display assembly shown in FIG. 8A;
[0024]FIG. 9A is an exploded top view of a second specific embodiment of the invention;
[0025]FIG. 9B is a top view of the assembled display assembly shown in FIG. 9A;
[0026]FIG. 10 is a partial cross sectional view of a display assembly having an adhesive backing attached to a release liner;
[0027]FIG. 11 is a partial cross sectional view of a display assembly detached from the release liner;
[0028]FIG. 12 is a partial cross sectional view of a display assembly without an adhesive backing detached from a release liner;
[0029]FIG. 13 is a partial cross sectional view of a display assembly attached to an article and being contacted by an external contact for electrically driving the display;
[0030]FIG. 14 is a schematic of an electrical drive for a display of the present invention;
[0031]FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the electrical waveforms used to drive the display of FIG. 4;
[0032]FIG. 16 is a plot of the optical state of a chiral nematic liquid crystal used in one embodiment of the present invention to electrical pulses; and
[0033]FIG. 17 is schematic diagram showing a display assembly according to the present invention, being driven by an electrical drive having row and column drivers.
[0034]FIG. 1 is a perspective of a polymer dispersed material display generally designated 10, made in accordance with the present invention. Display 10 includes a flexible display substrate 15, which is a thin transparent polymeric material, such as Kodak Estar film base formed of polyester plastic that has a thickness of between 20 and 200 microns. In an exemplary embodiment, display substrate 15 can be a 125-micron thick sheet of polyester film base. Other polymers, such as transparent polycarbonate, can also be used.
[0035] One or more first transparent conductors 20 are formed on display substrate 15 First transparent conductors 20 can be tin-oxide, indium-tin-oxide (ITO), or polythiophene with ITO being the preferred material. Typically the material of first transparent conductors 20 is sputtered or coated as a layer over display substrate 15 having a resistance of less than 1000 ohms per square. First transparent conductors 20 can be formed in the conductive layer by conventional lithographic or laser etching means.
[0036] A layer of polymer dispersed material 30 overlays a first portion of first transparent conductor(s) 20, allowing a portion 20′ to be exposed for providing electrical contact to be made to the first transparent conductor(s). Polymer dispersed material 30 may, for example, include a polymeric dispersed cholesteric liquid crystal material, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,695,682 issued Dec. 9, 1997 to Doane et al., the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference. Application of electrical fields of various intensity and duration can be employed to drive a chiral nematic material (cholesteric) into a reflective state, to a light scattering state, or an intermediate state. These materials have the advantage of having first and second optical states that are both stable in the absence of an electrical field. The materials can maintain a given optical state indefinitely after the field is removed. Cholesteric liquid crystal materials can be Merck BL112, BL118 or BL126, available from E. M. Industries of Hawthorne, N.Y. Alternative materials that can be dispersed in a polymer to provide an electrically rewritable display layer may include electrophoretic fluids or ferroelectric liquid crystals.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment, polymer dispersed material 30 is E. M. Industries' cholesteric material BL-118 dispersed in deionized photographic gelatin. The liquid crystal material is mixed at 8% concentration in a 5% gelatin aqueous solution. The mixture is dispersed to create an emulsion having 8-10 micron diameter domains of the liquid crystal in aqueous suspension. The domains can be formed using the limited coalescence technique described in Copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/478,683 filed Jan. 6, 2000 by Stephenson et al., allowed Mar. 7, 2002. The emulsion is coated on a polyester display substrate over the first transparent conductor(s) and dried to provide an approximately 9-micron thick polymer dispersed cholesteric coating. Other organic binders such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyethylene oxide (PEO) can be used in place of the gelatin. As coated and dried, without further treatment, the material is in a light reflective planar state. Such emulsions are machine coatable using coating equipment of the type employed in the manufacture of photographic films. A gel sub layer can be applied over the first conductors as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/915,441, filed Jan. 26, 2001 by Stephenson et al. A light absorbing layer such as a finely milled pigment may be applied over the dried emulsion layer as is known in the art.
[0038] Second conductors 40 overlay the layer of polymer dispersed material 30. Second conductors 40 have sufficient conductivity to induce an electric field between the first and second conductors across polymer dispersed material layer 30 strong enough to change the optical state of the polymeric material. Second conductors 40 can be formed, for example, by the well known technique of vacuum deposition for forming a layer of conductive material such as aluminum, tin, silver, platinum, carbon, tungsten, molybdenum, tin or indium or combinations thereof. The layer of conductive material can be patterned using well known techniques of photolithography, laser etching or by application through a mask. Preferably, the second conductors are light absorbing. Oxides of metals used to form the conductors can be used to make the second conductors light absorbing 40.
[0039] In a preferred embodiment, second conductors 40 are formed by screen printing a conductive ink such as Electrodag 423SS screen printable electrical conductive material from Acheson Corporation. Such screen printable conductive materials comprise finely divided graphite particles in a thermoplastic resin. Screen printing is preferred to minimize the cost of manufacturing the display.
[0040] A dielectric layer 42 can be provided over second conductors 40. The dielectric layer 42 is provided with through vias 43 that permit interconnection between second conductors 40 and conductive row contacts 44. The dielectric layer 42 can be formed, for example, by printing or coating a polymer such as vinyl dissolved in a solvent. Row contacts 44 can be formed by screen printing the same screen printable, electrically conductive material used to form second conductors 40. The row contacts 44 enable the connection of sets of second conductors 40 to create functional rows of electrically addressable areas in the polymer dispersed layer. The row contacts and the exposed portions 20′ of the first conductors 20 form a set of backside display contacts that are used as described below to electrically address the display.
[0041] The use of: a flexible support for display substrate 15; thin first transparent conductors 20; machine coated polymer dispersed cholesteric layer 30; and printed second conductors 40 permits the fabrication of a low cost flexible display that is pressure insensitive and thin enough to be attached to a support sheet and passed through a standard ink-jet printer. Small displays according to the present invention can be used as electronically rewritable tags for inexpensive, limited rewrite applications.
[0042]FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a chiral nematic material in a planar and focal-conic state responding to incident light. In the figure on the left, after manufacture or after a high voltage field has been applied and quickly switched to zero potential, the liquid crystal molecules become planar liquid crystals 72, which are reflective. In the figure on the right side of FIG. 2, upon application of a lower voltage field the molecules of the chiral nematic material break into light scattering tilted cells known as focal conic liquid crystals 74. Increasing the time duration of a low-voltage pulse progressively drives the molecules that were originally in a reflective planar state 72 towards a fully evolved and light scattering focal conic state 74.
[0043] Light absorbing second conductors 40 are positioned on the side opposing the incident light 60. In the fully evolved focal-conic state 74 the cholesteric liquid crystal is light scattering and incident light 60 is scattered to and absorbed by second conductor 40 to create the appearance of a black image. Progressive evolution towards the focal-conic state causes a viewer to perceive reflected light 62 that transitions to black as the cholesteric material changes from reflective planar state 72 to a fully evolved light scattering focal-conic state 74. When the field is removed, polymer dispersed material 30 maintains a given optical state indefinitely. The states are more fully discussed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,437,811 issued Aug. 1, 1995 to Doane et al.
[0044] Referring to FIGS. 3, 4A and 4B, one type of display useable with the present invention will be described. In this type of display, first conductor 20 is a continuous unpatterned layer of transparent conductive material that covers the entire surface of display 10. A layer of light modulating polymer dispersed material 30 covers the first conductor 20. Dielectric layer 42 is formed for example by printing over light modulating polymer dispersed material 30, with gaps in the dielectric layer that have shapes that form indicia. The areas of the light modulating polymer dispersed layer 30 under these gaps 43 will be responsive to an electrical field formed between first and second conductors 20 and 40. Second conductors 40 are separate blocks of conductive material that cover gaps 43. To make backside contact with conductors 20, polymer dispersed material 30 is removed down to the first transparent conductor 20 and is printed over by conductive material to create a single column contact 45.
[0045]FIG. 4A is a partial cross sectional view of the display of FIG. 3 taken along line A-A at a gap 43 in the dielectric layer 42. Gap 43 is in the shape of indicia, such as an alpha-numeric character or a symbol. Dielectric layer 42 separates second conductor 40 from first conductor 20 enough so that polymer dispersed material 30 is unresponsive to an electrical field applied between first conductor 20 and second conductor 40 that is sufficient to change the state of the polymer dispersed material 30 in the absence of the dielectric layer. At gap 43, the first and second conductors 20 and 40 are in close proximity to layer 30 and can change its optical state by application of a voltage across conductors 20 and 40.
[0046]FIG. 4B is a second sectional view of the display of FIG. 3 at column contact 45. A portion of insulating layer 42 is open in this area and polymer dispersed material layer 30 is removed to expose first conductor 20 at a gap 46. Conductive material is printed over the gap to contact first conductor 20 to create a single column contact 45. The optical state of indicia are changed by applying fields to first transparent conductor 20 through column contact 45 and to individual connections to each second conductor 40.
[0047] Referring to FIGS. 5, 6A and 6B, a seven-segment display useable with the present invention and having the structure shown generally in FIG. 1 will be described. First transparent conductors 20 are comprised of a patterned layer of conductive material to form one common conductor for each 7-segment character. FIG. 6A shows a partial cross sectional view of the display of FIG. 5 taken along lines A-A at a gap in the dielectric layer. Conductive material is used to print individual second conductors 40 for each segment on display 10. Dielectric layer 42 covers all of the individual second conductors 40, and gaps 43 in dielectric layer 42 allow each second conductor 40 to be connected to a printed row contact 44. Row contacts 44 connect the commonly positioned segments in all of the 7-segment characters together. FIG. 6B is a partial cross sectional view of the display of FIG. 5 taken along line B-B at a column contact. Dielectric layer 42 is open in this area and polymer dispersed material 30 have been removed at gap 46 to expose second conductor 20. Conductive material is printed over gap 46 to form column contacts 45. The completed display 10 in this embodiment includes a set of 7-segment characters connected to form a matrix display. All conductors used to write the matrix are accessible on the backside of display 10.
[0048]FIG. 7A is an exploded perspective view of a display assembly according to the present invention. A support 80 receives a display 10. Support 80 has areas of printed conductive ink that create support contacts 82. Support contacts 82 are positioned under each conductor on the back of display 10, and extend outside the perimeter of an attached display 10. A display 10, formed as described above is positioned over support contacts 82 and bonded to support 80 so that a portion of support contact 82 extends outside the display 10 to permit front electrical connection to display 10.
[0049] In a preferred embodiment, an anisotropic adhesive, such 3M 9703 Electrically Conductive Tape is used to fasten the display 10 to the support 80. Anisotropic adhesives provide electrical conduction through the adhesive but not across the adhesive. Referring to FIG. 10, such materials consist of conductive particles 53 having a diameter near the thickness of the adhesive binder which are dispersed at a concentration that does not result in lateral conductivity. When display 10 is pressed onto support contacts 82, conductive particles 53 form an electrical connection between display contacts 83 on the back of display 10 and support contacts 82. The anisotropic adhesive can be thermally cured with an applied pressure to provide a permanent connection between display contacts on the back of display 10 and support contacts 82. Alternatively, support contacts 82 can be undried conductive paste. Display 10 is pressed into the undried conductive paste and the paste thermally cured to provide support contacts 82 that are directly connected to display contacts 83 and to simultaneously bond the display 10 to the support 80.
[0050]FIG. 7B is a perspective view of the display assembly shown in FIG. 7A, showing drive contacts 86 in contact with the support contacts 82 of the assembled display assembly 17. A portion of each support contact 82 is exposed and receives drive contacts 86 which apply electric fields to change information on display 10. The use of cholesteric, ferroelectric liquid crystal or electrophoretic materials permits the continuing display of information after drive contacts 86 have been removed from support contacts 82.
[0051]FIG. 8A is an exploded top view of one embodiment of a display assembly according to the present invention. Support 80 is a sheet of material which has been printed with support contacts 82. Support 80 can be made of paper or plastic and preferably has a printable area 84 for receiving permanent printed information. A display 10 made in accordance with the present invention is attached over printed support contacts 82 and leaves portions of support contacts 82 exposed for electrical contact.
[0052]FIG. 8B is a top view of the display assembly shown in FIG. 8A. Display assembly 17 includes display 10 bonded to support 80 in contact with support contacts 82. Display assembly 17 permits display 10 to be written using front electrical contact.
[0053] Ink jet printers are useful in printing information on the printable area 84 of the display assembly because ink jet print heads are spaced from a dye receiving surface by about 1.00 millimeter. Display 10 is typically less than 0.25 millimeters thick and is flexible, permitting display assembly 17 to pass through an ink jet printer without interfering with the motion of an inkjet head over display assembly 17. As shown in FIG. 8B, permanent, non-electrically changeable data 85 such as, but not limited to, text and bar code has been applied within printable area 84.
[0054]FIG. 9A is an exploded top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention. Support 80 is a sheet of material which has been printed with support contacts 82. Support 80 can be made of paper or plastic and has printable area 84 for receiving printed information. A segmented display 10 made in accordance with FIG. 5 is bonded over support contacts 82 leaving portions of support contacts 82 exposed for external front side electrical contact. FIG. 9B is a top view of the assembled display assembly shown in FIG. 9A. Display assembly 17 includes display 10 bonded to support 80 and to support contacts 82. Display assembly 17 permits display 10 to be written using front electrical contact. In FIG. 9B, data 85 has been printed within printable area 84.
[0055] An experiment was performed wherein a number of flexible displays of the type shown in FIG. 3 were bonded to a sheet of ink jet adhesive label material using an anisotropic adhesive 52. The sheet was passed through a Hewlett-Packard DeskJet 855 CSe ink jet printer and data was printed onto the label adjacent the displays. The completed display assemblies 17 were then detached from a release liner of the label material.
[0056]FIG. 10 is a partial cross sectional view of a display assembly having an adhesive backing 54 attached to a release liner 56. A number of display assemblies 17 with label adhesive backing 54 can be disposed on a sheet or roll of adhesive label material, and information can be selectively printed on each display assembly 17. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the support 80 is die or laser cut along line 81 from a layer of support material in the adhesive label material as is known in the art.
[0057]FIG. 11 is a cross sectional view of a display assembly 17 detached from a release liner 56. Data has been written onto printable area 84 using an ink jet printer while display assembly 17 was attached to release liner 56. After ink jet printing, display assembly 17 is removed from release liner 56 for attachment to an object.
[0058]FIG. 12 is a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a display assembly 17, wherein the adhesive layer is retained on release liner 56. Display assembly 17 has an adhesive-free back and can be held in a frame or attached to objects using other means as is well known in the art. Prior to removal from the release liner, label adhesive 54 retains display assembly 17 on the release liner 56 so that display assembly 17 can be transported for example through an inkjet printer, which can print multiple labels sequentially or simultaneously.
[0059]FIG. 13 is a partial cross sectional view of a display assembly 17 attached to an article 87 and is shown being contacted for electrical writing by drive contacts 86. Drive contacts 86 are applied to the conductive portion of support contact 82 not covered by display 10.
[0060]FIG. 16 is a graph of the optical response to an applied electrical field of a polymer dispersed cholesteric liquid crystal of the type useful with the present invention. Such curves can be found in above referenced U.S. Pat. No. 5,437,811. For a given pulse time, typically between 5 and 200 milliseconds, a pulse at a given voltage can change the optical state of the cholesteric liquid crystal material. Disturbance voltage V1 is the highest voltage pulse that can be applied to cholesteric material without changing the optical state of the material. Focal-Conic voltage V3 is a higher voltage pulse that drives the cholesteric liquid crystal material into the focal-conic light scattering state irrespective of the material's initial state. Planar voltage V4 is an even higher voltage that drives cholesteric material into the planar, reflective state irrespective of the cholesteric material's initial state.
[0061] Using the optical response shown in FIG. 16, displays of the type shown in FIG. 8B having a common first conductor 20 and an individual second conductor 40 for each element of the display can be driven by an electrical drive circuit of the type shown in FIG. 14. For simplicity, drive contacts 86 are shown connected directly to first and second conductors 20 and 40, it being understood that actual contact is made by exposed portions of support contacts 82 on the front of display assembly 17. In FIG. 8B, the rightmost drive contact 86 is connected to second conductor 20 and is connected to ground. Each of the remaining drive contacts 86 is connected to one of the second conductors 40.
[0062] Power supply 90 generates two voltages, a higher planar driving voltage and a lower focal-conic voltage. A voltage select circuit 92 is used to select one of the two voltages. Voltage select circuit 92 can be, for example, a resistor network and a switching transistor. Control signals are applied to the voltage select circuit 92 and also to a display driver 94. Display driver 94 is used to apply the selected voltage to appropriate segments of the display assembly 17. In this way the circuitry selectively addresses the different segments to cause them to assume the appropriate optical state for the information being written to the display. Display driver 94 applies the selected voltage from voltage selector 92 to drive contacts 86. Display driver 94 can for example be embodied in a commercially available device known as HV57908PG from Supertex Inc. of Sunnyvale, Calif.
[0063]FIG. 15 is a diagram of the voltage waveform applied by display driver 94 to drive display 10. Voltage select circuit 92 is first set to the lower, focal-conic voltage V3 and all contacts 86 connected to second conductors 40 receive a pulse of the lower focal-conic voltage V3 to set all of the elements of the display 10 to the light scattering focal-conic state. Voltage select circuit 92 is then set to apply a higher planar voltage V4 to display driver 94. Display driver 94 then applies planar voltage V4 to selected second conductors 40 corresponding to segments that are to be placed in the reflective, planar state. Those segments that are to remain in the light scattering state do not receive a V4 voltage pulse. The waveform in FIG. 15 shows the sequence of voltages that are used to place the elements of the display into the reflective planar state. Areas under the second conductors that do not receive the second pulse V4 are left in the light scattering state, and represent the information being written to the display. The drive method is a simple method of erasing and re-writing display 10. Information continues to be displayed after drive contacts 86 have been removed from support contacts 82.
[0064] Using the optical response shown in FIG. 16, displays of the type shown in FIG. 9B having a matrix array of first and second conductors can be driven as follows. Sequentially, a row voltage Vr is set midway between V3 and V4 on a selected row while the remaining rows are set to a ground voltage. A positive or negative column voltage Vc is set across all columns to offset Vr to either focal conic voltage V3 or planar voltage V4, depending on the desired final state of a row of pixels. The positive and negative column voltages Vr−V3 and V4−Vr are less than disturbance voltage V1 so that rows at ground potential experience voltages less than disturbance voltage V1 and are not changed. This writing technique permits sequential row writing.
[0065]FIG. 17 is an electrical schematic of an electrical drive for a display of the type shown in FIG. 9B. Four power supplies and a ground are used to supply +Vc, −Vc, +Vr, −Vr and ground. Separate drive chips, row driver 96 and a column driver 98, are employed to apply the row and column voltages to the selected conductors. Drive contacts 86 connect row driver 96 to row contacts 44 on display 10, and additional drive contacts 86 connect column driver 98 to column contacts 45. Digital data is fed to row driver 96 and column driver 98. A set of shift registers (not shown) in the drivers receives and latches binary state data.
[0066] A bipolar row voltage Vr can be applied to a selected row, while a bipolar column voltage Vc is applied either in phase or out of phase with the row voltage VR. If the bipolar voltages are out of phase, the pixel will experience alternating bipolar high pixel voltage Vp corresponding to V4 and be written into the planar state (P). If the two voltages are in phase, then a pixel experiences lower alternating bipolar pixel voltage Vp corresponding to V3 and is written into the focal conic state (FC). Columns 47 held at a ground state (0) experience a bipolar alternating column voltage Vc as an alternating AC field equivalent to half the voltage difference between V4 and V3. Column voltage is less than disturbance voltage V1 to preserve the image state of unwritten, grounded rows. Each row is written until new information has been written to display assembly 17. Information continues to be displayed after drive contacts 86 have been removed from support contacts 82.
[0067] Alternatively, a dynamic drive scheme such as that disclosed the article "Simple Drive Scheme for Bistable Cholestric LCDs" by A Rybalochka, et al. in SID 01 Digest p.882-885.
[0068] The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.
[0069] Parts List
[0070]10 display
[0071]15 display substrate
[0072]17 display assembly
[0073]20 first transparent conductors
[0074]20 ′ exposed portions of first conductors
[0075]30 light modulating polymer dispersed material
[0076]40 second conductors
[0077]42 dielectric layer
[0078]43 gap
[0079]44 row contacts
[0080]45 column contact
[0081]46 gap
[0082]52 anisotropic adhesive
[0083]53 conductive particles
[0084]54 label adhesive
[0085]56 release liner
[0086]60 incident light
[0087]62 reflected light
[0088]72 planar liquid crystal
[0089]74 focal conic liquid crystal
[0090]80 support
[0091]81 cut line
[0092]82 support contacts
[0093]83 display contacts
[0094]84 printable area
[0095]85 changeable data
[0096]86 drive contacts
[0097]87 article
[0098]90 power supply
[0099]92 voltage select
[0100]94 display driver
[0101]96 row driver
[0102]98 column driver
[0103] V1 disturbance voltage
[0104] V3 focal conic voltage
[0105] V4 planar voltage
[0106] Vc column voltage
[0107] Vr row voltage
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|4 May 1936
|28 Mar 1939
|American Box Board Co
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|25 Jun 2002
|21 Jun 2005
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Hand-held programmer for programmable liquid crystal display
|21 May 2004
|31 Oct 2006
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Method of forming a display
|28 Jan 2005
|30 Jan 2007
|Kent Displays Incorporated
|Single substrate liquid crystal display
|7 Dec 2004
|26 Jun 2007
|Kent Displays Incorporated
|Liquid crystal display
|13 May 2004
|13 May 2008
|Industrial Technology Research Institute
|UV curable conductive layers in LC displays
|14 Nov 2005
|20 Jan 2009
|Kent Displays Incorporated
|Display device with electrical zipper interconnect
|28 Jan 2005
|15 Jun 2010
|Kent Displays Incorporated
|Stacked display with shared electrode addressing
|28 Jan 2005
|10 Aug 2010
|Kent Displays Incorporated
|Liquid crystal display films
|16 Sep 2005
|7 Sep 2010
|Kent Displays Incorporated
|Liquid crystal display on a printed circuit board
|28 Jan 2005
|14 Sep 2010
|Kent Displays Incorporated
|Drapable liquid crystal transfer display films
|10 Dec 2004
|2 Aug 2011
|Industrial Technology Research Institute
|Bistable display
|4 Jun 2010
|30 Aug 2011
|Industrial Technology Research Institute
|Bistable display
|1 Feb 2005
|24 Jan 2012
|Industrial Technology Research Institute
|Indexing writehead for bistable media
|1 Jul 2008
|12 Jun 2012
|Kent Displays Incorporated
|Stacked color photodisplay
|13 Jun 2007
|11 Dec 2012
|Kent Displays Incorporated
|Chiral nematic photo displays
|25 Nov 2009
|30 Apr 2013
|Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
|Transparent conductor structure
|13 May 2004
|9 Dec 2004
|Eastman Kodak Company
|UV curable conductive materials in displays
|7 Dec 2004
|28 Jul 2005
|Doane J. W.
|Liquid crystal display
|28 Jan 2005
|8 Sep 2005
|Doane Joseph W.
|Single substrate liquid crystal display
|8 Mar 2004
|8 Sep 2005
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Continuous support interleaving
|21 May 2004
|24 Nov 2005
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Method of forming a display
|14 Nov 2005
|18 May 2006
|Kent Displays Incorporated
|Display device with electrical zipper interconnect
|21 Dec 2004
|22 Jun 2006
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Color-changing electronic signage
|1 Feb 2005
|3 Aug 2006
|Ricks Theodore K
|Indexing writehead for bistable media
|16 Sep 2005
|22 Mar 2007
|Bellamy Alan K
|Liquid crystal display on a printed circuit board
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|29 Apr 2002
Owner name: EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, NEW YORK
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:STEPHENSON, STANLEY W.;CAPURSO, ROBERT G.;KILBURN, JOHNI.;REEL/FRAME:012861/0295;SIGNING DATES FROM 20020425 TO 20020429


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In Love Factually, Duana Welch lays out ten steps to finding love based on her research as a social scientist.


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New Releases
'American Man' taps into the disparate, murky pools of the American musical lexicon; dark country to kinetic punk, acid blues to flared jeans boogie, low-brow backdrops pitted against high-minded literary references. It's an edgy, engrossing trip.2015
American Man
An album as relevant as their formative early work; political by not being political, re-affirming our greatest aspirations by focusing on the tiniest of truths.
Resulting from months of documenting Bobby Bare Jr. for a feature film, this live film soundtrack consists of Bobby Bare Jr.'s most energetic and sharp live performances put to tape.
With the raw vocals, thick and nasty guitar tones, and preternaturally locked-in rhythm section, Under the Savage Sky might be the most soulful punk record—or perhaps the most punk soul record— you've ever heard.
Their self-titled debut full-length album is layered with as much grime as it is with pinpoint songwriting and feverish technical savvy. Each song wafts new dynamics into a streamlined stylistic roots, punk, and rock 'n' roll jet stream.
MBD's most dynamic release to date. Sonically here, their signature sound – rootsy indie rock, cinematic gothic ballads, and rousing pub rock shout-alongs – mixes with enlivening new stylistic elements.
38 songs from the Bloodshot catalog reemerge covered by friends and heroes of ours in oft-head-craning styles from gritty punk to back porch folk, dark bedroom new wave to straight up honky tonk, and lush power pop to new emo.
909 in Studio : The Yawpers - 'Doing It Right' | The Bridge
Murder by Death - Big Dark Love - Audiotree Live
Banditos - Waitin' (Live on KEXP)
Banditos "The Breeze" (Official Music Video)
Cory Branan "You Make Me" (in 3-D) Official Music Video
Lydia Loveless "The Killing Moon" (Echo & the Bunnymen cover) [AV Club Undercover]


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Dr. Elisa Bertino Keynote Speaker at IRI conference
August 4, 2011
"Protecting Information Systems from Insider Threats - Concepts and Issues"
Elisa Bertino
Keynote abstract
Past research on information security has focused on protecting valuable resources from attacks by outsiders. However, statistics show that a large amount of security and privacy breaches are due to insider attacks. Protection from insider threats is challenging because insiders may have access to many sensitive resources and high-privileged system accounts. Suitable approaches need to combine several security techniques, like fine-grained access control, stronger authentication protocols, integrated digital identity management, intrusion detection, with techniques from areas like information integration, machine learning, and risk assessment. In this talk, after an introduction to the problem of insider threats, we will present recent work addressing the problem of anomaly detection and response policies for database management systems and then discuss open research issues, by emphasizing the role of techniques from the area of information integration.
Cyber Center Develops Defense Techniques for IoT A team of Cyber Center Researchers
September 10, 2015
Cyber Center Develops Defense Techniques for IoT A team of Cyber Center researchers, led by Professor Bertino, has developed a defense technique for protecting applications running on Raspberry Pi.Read Full Story
Keynote Talk by Cyber Center Director at the IEEE QRS 2015
July 29, 2015
Professor Elisa Bertino, Director of the Cyber Center, will present a keynote talk at IEEE QRS 2015 - the 2015 IEEE International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability & Security, which will be held in Vancouver (Canada) on August 3-5, 2015.Read Full Story


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|By PR Newswire
Article Rating:
|March 31, 2014 12:30 PM EDT
NORTH HAVEN, Conn., March 31, 2014 /PRNewswire-iReach/ -- Out of all the new vehicles in the Mercedes-Benz lineup, perhaps none have been quite as anticipated as 2014 CLA250, which comes equipped with the cutting-edge Mercedes-Benz 4MATIC all-wheel drive system. The CLA250 4MATIC just recently arrived at dealerships such as Mercedes-Benz of North Haven, and to assist consumers in researching all that the CLA250 4MATIC is capable of, Mercedes-Benz of North Haven has highlighted the key aspects of the luxury sedan on their brand-new website.
(Photo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20140331/MN93231)
The Mercedes-Benz 4MATIC all-wheel drive system helps to strategically distribute the 208 horsepower and 258 pound-feet of torque which stems from the turbocharged 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine. The system constantly detects which of the four wheels has the most traction and sends power accordingly. It allows the 2014 Mercedes-Benz CLA250 4MATIC to achieve maximum performance and traction, and helps to keep the vehicle under control on slippery roads and during unfavorable conditions.
In addition to the 2014 Mercedes-Benz CLA250 4MATIC, Mercedes-Benz of North Haven is providing consumers with extensive information about the Mercedes-Benz Star Service prepaid maintenance plan, which allows Mercedes-Benz owners to save a significant deal of money on routine and required maintenance.
The Mercedes Benz Star Service prepaid maintenance plan tacks easily-manageable fees onto monthly payments to keep consumers from having to pay larger sums for maintenance fees during the life of their Mercedes-Benz. The prepaid plan saves consumers roughly 30 percent when compared to the cost of purchasing maintenance only when necessary. As Mercedes-Benz recently implemented required annual maintenance, the Star Service prepaid plan is extremely practical. By completing the required maintenance, Mercedes-Benz owners can increase the residual and resale value of their vehicle.
Consumers interested in learning more about the 2014 Mercedes-Benz CLA250 4MATIC or the Star Service prepaid maintenance plan are encouraged to visit the Mercedes-Benz of North Haven website where more information can be found. Questions about the all-wheel drive sedan or the maintenance plan can be directed to the dealership's expert sales staff, which can be reached by phone at 203-239-1313, or through the Mercedes-Benz of North Haven website at www.mercedesbenzofnorthhaven.com.
Media Contact: Spencer Gottschall, Mercedes-Benz of North Haven, (203) 239-7272 ext. 247, [email protected]
News distributed by PR Newswire iReach: https://ireach.prnewswire.com
SOURCE Mercedes-Benz of North Haven
The buzz continues for cloud, data analytics and the Internet of Things (IoT) and their collective impact across all industries. But a new conversation is emerging - how do companies use industry disruption and technology enablers to lead in markets undergoing change, uncertainty and ambiguity? Organizations of all sizes need to evolve and transform, often under massive pressure, as industry lines blur and merge and traditional business models are assaulted and turned upside down. In this new da...
Oct. 8, 2015 03:30 PM EDT Reads: 208
The IoT market is on track to hit $7.1 trillion in 2020. The reality is that only a handful of companies are ready for this massive demand. There are a lot of barriers, paint points, traps, and hidden roadblocks. How can we deal with these issues and challenges? The paradigm has changed. Old-style ad-hoc trial-and-error ways will certainly lead you to the dead end. What is mandatory is an overarching and adaptive approach to effectively handle the rapid changes and exponential growth.
Oct. 8, 2015 03:30 PM EDT
The Internet of Things (IoT) is growing rapidly by extending current technologies, products and networks. By 2020, Cisco estimates there will be 50 billion connected devices. Gartner has forecast revenues of over $300 billion, just to IoT suppliers. Now is the time to figure out how you'll make money – not just create innovative products. With hundreds of new products and companies jumping into the IoT fray every month, there's no shortage of innovation. Despite this, McKinsey/VisionMobile data...
Oct. 8, 2015 03:30 PM EDT Reads: 126
The APN DevOps Competency highlights APN Partners who demonstrate deep capabilities delivering continuous integration, continuous delivery, and configuration management. They help customers transform their business to be more efficient and agile by leveraging the AWS platform and DevOps principles.
Oct. 8, 2015 03:30 PM EDT Reads: 199
In his session at DevOps Summit, Bryan Cantrill, CTO at Joyent, will demonstrate a third path: containers on multi-tenant bare metal that maximizes performance, security, and networking connectivity.
Oct. 8, 2015 03:30 PM EDT
Containers are changing the security landscape for software development and deployment. As with any security solutions, security approaches that work for developers, operations personnel and security professionals is a requirement. In his session at @DevOpsSummit, Kevin Gilpin, CTO and Co-Founder of Conjur, will discuss various security considerations for container-based infrastructure and related DevOps workflows.
Oct. 8, 2015 03:15 PM EDT Reads: 173
Today's connected world is moving from devices towards things, what this means is that by using increasingly low cost sensors embedded in devices we can create many new use cases. These span across use cases in cities, vehicles, home, offices, factories, retail environments, worksites, health, logistics, and health. These use cases rely on ubiquitous connectivity and generate massive amounts of data at scale. These technologies enable new business opportunities, ways to optimize and automate, al...
Oct. 8, 2015 03:15 PM EDT
Any Ops team trying to support a company in today's cloud-connected world knows that a new way of thinking is required – one just as dramatic than the shift from Ops to DevOps. The diversity of modern operations requires teams to focus their impact on breadth vs. depth. In his session at DevOps Summit, Adam Serediuk, Director of Operations at xMatters, Inc., will discuss the strategic requirements of evolving from Ops to DevOps, and why modern Operations has begun leveraging the "NoOps" approa...
Oct. 8, 2015 03:00 PM EDT Reads: 111
Saviynt Inc. has announced the availability of the next release of Saviynt for AWS. The comprehensive security and compliance solution provides a Command-and-Control center to gain visibility into risks in AWS, enforce real-time protection of critical workloads as well as data and automate access life-cycle governance. The solution enables AWS customers to meet their compliance mandates such as ITAR, SOX, PCI, etc. by including an extensive risk and controls library to detect known threats and b...
Oct. 8, 2015 03:00 PM EDT Reads: 196
In their session at DevOps Summit, Asaf Yigal, co-founder and the VP of Product at Logz.io, and Tomer Levy, co-founder and CEO of Logz.io, will explore the entire process that they have undergone – through research, benchmarking, implementation, optimization, and customer success – in developing a processing engine that can handle petabytes of data. They will also discuss the requirements of such an engine in terms of scalability, resilience, security, and availability along with how the archi...
Oct. 8, 2015 03:00 PM EDT Reads: 385
As-a-service models offer huge opportunities, but also complicate security. It may seem that the easiest way to migrate to a new architectural model is to let others, experts in their field, do the work. This has given rise to many as-a-service models throughout the industry and across the entire technology stack, from software to infrastructure. While this has unlocked huge opportunities to accelerate the deployment of new capabilities or increase economic efficiencies within an organization, i...
Oct. 8, 2015 03:00 PM EDT Reads: 214
Chris Van Tuin, Chief Technologist for the Western US at Red Hat, has over 20 years of experience in IT and Software. Since joining Red Hat in 2005, he has been architecting solutions for strategic customers and partners with a focus on emerging technologies including IaaS, PaaS, and DevOps. He started his career at Intel in IT and Managed Hosting followed by leadership roles in services and sales engineering at Loudcloud and Linux startups.
Oct. 8, 2015 03:00 PM EDT Reads: 134
DevOps has often been described in terms of CAMS: Culture, Automation, Measuring, Sharing. While we've seen a lot of focus on the "A" and even on the "M", there are very few examples of why the "C" is equally important in the DevOps equation. In her session at @DevOps Summit, Lori MacVittie, of F5 Networks, will explore HTTP/1 and HTTP/2 along with Microservices to illustrate why a collaborative culture between Dev, Ops, and the Network is critical to ensuring success.
Oct. 8, 2015 02:45 PM EDT Reads: 106
You have your devices and your data, but what about the rest of your Internet of Things story? Two popular classes of technologies that nicely handle the Big Data analytics for Internet of Things are Apache Hadoop and NoSQL. Hadoop is designed for parallelizing analytical work across many servers and is ideal for the massive data volumes you create with IoT devices. NoSQL databases such as Apache HBase are ideal for storing and retrieving IoT data as "time series data."
Oct. 8, 2015 02:45 PM EDT Reads: 489
Clearly the way forward is to move to cloud be it bare metal, VMs or containers. One aspect of the current public clouds that is slowing this cloud migration is cloud lock-in. Every cloud vendor is trying to make it very difficult to move out once a customer has chosen their cloud. In his session at 17th Cloud Expo, Naveen Nimmu, CEO of Clouber, Inc., will advocate that making the inter-cloud migration as simple as changing airlines would help the entire industry to quickly adopt the cloud wit...
Oct. 8, 2015 02:30 PM EDT Reads: 640


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Based on 25 guest reviews
Property Location
Located in Chalmette, Marina Motel Chalmette is on the waterfront and close to Val Riess Park and Chalmette Battlefield. This motel is within the region of Mercedes-Benz Superdome.
Make yourself at home in one of the 100 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and flat-screen televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with shower/tub combinations feature complimentary toiletries and hair dryers. Conveniences include coffee/tea makers, housekeeping is provided daily, and microwaves can be requested.
Rec, Spa, Premium Amenities
Enjoy recreational amenities such as an outdoor pool and a spa tub.
Enjoy a satisfying meal at a restaurant serving guests of Marina Motel Chalmette.
Business, Other Amenities
Featured amenities include a business center and laundry facilities. Free self parking is available onsite.


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Love to walk across the Charleston bridge . The views are best at sunset.Also, fun to participate in the annual Charleston Bridge Run.
You can walk it! You can jog it! You can sneak up there at night and spray paint your proposal onto the zillion tons of concrete. AND DRIVING COUNTS. That's right. I've never walked it, run it, or spray painted a hint of graffiti on it but I have ridden over it from the Charleston side and the Mt. Pleasant side in and out of rush hour traffic and dull Sunday mornings. It's still THE sight in Charleston. When I go over each time I think of my son-in-law Lt Dan suspended on a rescue rope over the side of the bridge rescuing some nutter gone missing from THE bridge. Whatever your story when you cross the Ravenel Bridge you've been there, done that, and deserve the T-shirt. Just do it.
I'm not really sure why I am writing this review - it's just a bridge connecting Charleston to Mount Pleasant. HAHA - Where is the "mountain" and it's not all that "pleasant" over there! Now, I have to explain my sarcasm... my husband drives over this darned thing twice most every day. Once to work and the second time coming home. Sure, this is a pretty thing to look at from downtown Charleston but it's nothing spectacular. As fast as people drive and especially when they combine talking on their phones and/or texting when they are driving, there is no way on God's green earth that I would walk or ride a bike on this structure. I don't care how beautiful the views might be! I've seen lots of beautiful bridges all over the United States and some in other countries. This one is pretty but unless you are participating in the bridge run, I'd stay off of it. Remember, that's just IMHO.
Great view, neat construction. Walking paths as well as drive over. Not sure what else to say...it's a bridge - a nice one. lOL
This bridge has got to be one of the most (if not the most) beautiful in the country. It has a walking/bike trail (3 miles I believe) and is great for all ages.
If you own or manage Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge, register now for free tools to enhance your listing, attract new reviews, and respond to reviewers.


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Acellular dermal matrix and short bowel syndrome
Short bowel syndrome has puzzled surgeons for a long time and the curative effect are unsatisfactory. In recent years, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has been used in many fields for tissue regeneration or scarless healing. ...
Apr 28, 2010 in Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
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Showing Results: Most Recent
This review is from: DisplayPort to Display Port DP Cable Male to Male 15FT Audio Video Cord Full HD 1080P for PC Desktop Monitor HDTV Projectors 15 Feet
Pros: functions perfectly for me.
Cons: none
Other Thoughts: bought two of these to connect dual monitors that are too far from the tower for my old 6' cables. they work well and the slack coils neatly.READ FULL REVIEW
This review is from: CORSAIR 8GB 240-Pin DDR3 SDRAM DDR3 1600 (PC3 12800) Desktop Memory Model CMV8GX3M1A1600C11
Pros: Installed 4 of these in hp 6300 pro desktop seamlessly. Tested with memtest86 and no errors. Good price
Cons: none
Other Thoughts: Time will tell longevity of performance.READ FULL REVIEW
This review is from: Dell UltraSharp U2412M Black IPS Panel 24" 8ms Pivot, Swivel & Height Adjustable LED Backlight Widescreen LCD Monitor 300 cd/m2 DC 2,000,000:1 (1000:1)
Pros: I'm an engineering student and I use two of these for light cad/cae projects, coding, report writing, etc. I love them for their excellent mechanical build quality - if anyone makes a more stable/adjustable monitor out of the box at this price I'd be impressed. Swiveling to portrait mode is convenient and simple once you do it a few times.
Cons: Carelessness when converting from landscape to portrait mode results in interference that is annoying. I could also go for a bit more height adjustment - 1 more inch in height would be ideal.
Other Thoughts: I'm not picky with the appearance of color. I use an AMD FirePro W5000 2x display port graphics card and have no complaints with stock color settings.READ FULL REVIEW
Display Name: mark t.
Date Joined: 08/01/12
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Hugh is (technically) on vacation for the rest of September, travelling to Europe for his son's wedding in England, and to meet up with Rob in La Rochelle, France. He will be checking the forums most days, and providing some support, but his time will be limited, and he will be unable to do any custom coding work. Apologies in advance for any inconvenience.
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You can still enjoy fried foods from the Tefal Actifry but without the saturation of oil. For example the Actifry can cook 1kg of chips with just 1 spoonful of oil, producing fries with only 3% fat. Much healthier for you and your family. The Tefal Actifry comes in white, is powered by a 1350W motor and has a removable non-stick bowl. A useful recipe book is included.
Catalogue Number: 203-6379
An adult will need to sign for this item.
- 1400W of power
- 1 kg of food capacity
- Features removable basket
Sorry, there are currently no sellers for this product.


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- Your Path:
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- Cozy Leopard Costume
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Me-ow! You're sure to get a round of "appaws" in this purr-fect Cozy Leopard Costume.
Nice kitty. You'll be "feline" fine in this Cozy Leopard Costume from BuyCostumes. The fuzzy fleece dress will keep you warm as the evening gets cold!
- You'll be seeing spots in an all-over leopard pattern. Go wild with the frontal zipper so you can be warm or sexy as you expose some skin. Attached paw gloves will be leaving a handprint (or paw print) in everyone's memory. Attached tail will have you roaring with excitement as you creep through the jungle of people.
- Attached hood will look absolutely purr-fect on you. Cat ears stand up as if you are on the prowl to catch some prey. Whether you wear the hood up or down, you will look tail-tally paw-some.
- Do you believe life's better in costume? Because we sure do! Here at BuyCostumes, you will find a wide range of costumes and accessories perfect for any holiday or special occasion for kids and adults of all ages.
- Includes: zipper-front fleece dress, paw gloves, tail and hood.
- Does not include: fishnet tights or shoes.
- Product Number
- #806206
- Availability
- Medium (240351) Orders placed by 4pm CT usually ship same day.
- Included Accessories
- Hood with ears.
- Material
- Polyester, Exclusive of Decorations.
- Care Instructions
- Hand Wash
- Air Shippable
- Yes
- Oversized
- No
- Express/Premium Surcharge
- $0.00
- Return Eligible
- Yes
- Available International
- Yes
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Cozy Leopard Costume
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- $22.97
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- Prod ID:
- 806206
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Activists, Newtown Residents March On Washington For Gun Control
Washington Mayor Vincent Gray looks on at a pro-gun activist... Nieuwsfoto'sActivist,Horizontaal,Kijken,Politiek,Protest,Verenigde Staten,Vincent C. Gray,Wapencontrole,Washington DCPhotographer YURI GRIPASCollection: AFP 2013 AFPWashington Mayor Vincent Gray (3rd R) looks on at a pro-gun activist protesting against the March on Washington for Gun Control on January 26, 2013 in Washington. Thousands of people participated in the march in response to last month's school shooting in Newtown, Connecticut. AFP PHOTO/YURI GRIPAS (Photo credit should read YURI GRIPAS/AFP/Getty Images)


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Royalty Free Music Unique To Your Project - Every Time
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The following tracks match: Jazz, Striving, Spy
Mister BondThe classic spy jazz soundtrack sound is here, complete with screamin' brass section.https://www.smartsound.com/producer/images/PS50_200.jpgSingle9306-ST$ 39.959306-EX$ 69.959306-W$ 149.95Keywords: Mysterious, Secret Agent, Incessant, Lively, Striving, Suspenseful, Sneaky, Investigative, Spy Genre: Jazz Production Types: Suspense, Background Instrument: Big Band, Instrumental
Mister Bond from the album Swing Bands, Blues & Gospel (PS50)
The following tracks match: Jazz, Striving
Jazz ItA huge bass line, seasoned with light congas and tambourine give this focused recording all the energy it needs to fit your picture. Perfect for strong images from the world of success.https://www.smartsound.com/strata/images/strata14_200.jpgSingle51404-ST$ 39.9551404-EX$ 69.9551404-W$ 149.95Genre: Themes, Corporate/Technology, Jazz Keywords: Driving, Positive, Confident, Intense, Motivating, Punchy, Spirited, Striving Instrument: Instrumental Production Types: Corporate, Corporate Communications, On Hold Music, Product Videos
Jazz It from the album Jazz Synergy
In The SpotlightA contemporary show theme, infused with style and verve, ideal for talk shows, infomercials or any other high-profile situations. Dazzling and sophisticated with west coast sax and virtuoso bass guitar.https://www.smartsound.com/music/images/maximum.jpgSingle309-ST$ 39.95309-EX$ 69.95309-W$ 149.95Genre: Themes, Smooth Jazz, Jazz Keywords: Energetic, Exciting, Happy, Positive, Uplifting, Bold, Competitive, Confident, Fresh, Motivating, Perky, Striving Instrument: Saxophone, Instrumental Production Types: On Hold Music
In The Spotlight from the album Maximum Action
The following tracks match: Jazz, Spy
ElusiveWarm and mellow with a loungy feel goes well with a Martin and a relaxed mood.https://www.smartsound.com/strata/images/STRATUBU_200.jpgSingle7100209-ST$ 39.957100209-EX$ 69.957100209-W$ 149.95Genre: Jazz, Latin, World, Exotic, Noir, Urban Keywords: Mysterious, Atmospheric, Calm, Hypnotic, Reflective, Relaxed, Serious, Suspenseful, Investigative, Spy Instrument: Bass (Acoustic), Drums, Organ, Vibraphone, Instrumental Production Types: Commercials, Background
Elusive from the album Upright Bass Underscores
HappenstanceBouncy and dark with Jazzy bass and ghoulish organ textures create a sneaky and sinister mood in the spirit of Halloween.https://www.smartsound.com/strata/images/STRATUBU_200.jpgSingle7100211-ST$ 39.957100211-EX$ 69.957100211-W$ 149.95Genre: Sophisticated, Cartoon, Jazz, Retro Keywords: Mysterious, Atmospheric, Calm, Exuberant, Haunting, Lazy, Relaxed, Smoky, Somber, Sultry, Suspenseful, Quirky, Fun, Mellow, Investigative, Spy Instrument: R&B Band, Bass (Acoustic), Drums, Organ, Percussion, Vibraphone, Instrumental Production Types: Kids, Commercials, Comedy, Suspense, Home Videos, Background
Happenstance from the album Upright Bass Underscores
RosemaryDark and mysterious with an underlying funky feel in the spirit of Halloween.https://www.smartsound.com/strata/images/STRATUBU_200.jpgSingle7100214-ST$ 39.957100214-EX$ 69.957100214-W$ 149.95Genre: Funky, Jazz, R&B/Soul, Noir, Urban Keywords: Mysterious, Atmospheric, Haunting, Scary, Serious, Sinister, Somber, Uncertain, Quirky, Investigative, Spy, Dark, Tormented Instrument: Bass (Acoustic), Drums, Guitar (Electric), Strings, Vibraphone, Instrumental Production Types: Commercials, Film Trailer, Horror, Suspense, Background
Rosemary from the album Upright Bass Underscores
Twelfth Street RascalsA true big band shuffle - perfect for 1940s throwback productions.https://www.smartsound.com/producer/images/PS55_200.jpgSingle9910-ST$ 39.959910-EX$ 69.959910-W$ 149.95Genre: Nostalgic, Themes, Jazz, Indie Keywords: Driving, Secret Agent, Cool, Spy, Upbeat Instrument: Big Band, Acoustic, Instrumental Production Types: Indie Film, Short Film, Home Videos
Twelfth Street Rascals from the album Big Band Blast (PS55)
Dry BloodSlick and smooth, this secret agent groove is ready for the plot to thicken.https://www.smartsound.com/producer/images/PS34_200.jpgSingle7605-ST$ 39.957605-EX$ 69.957605-W$ 149.95Genre: Jazz, Indie, Urban Keywords: Mysterious, Secret Agent, Dissonant, Quirky, Drama, Sneaky, Investigative, Spy Instrument: Studio Orchestra, Strings, Instrumental Production Types: TV/ Film Drama, Documentary, Indie Film, Short Film, Action-Drama, Biography
Dry Blood from the album Time In A Bottle (PS34)
Agent MellowUltra cool and on the look-out, this backdrop for espionage serves up just the right amount of cautious atmosphere. Just check if you're being followed.https://www.smartsound.com/edge/images/eg06.jpgSingle20601-ST$ 39.9520601-EX$ 69.9520601-W$ 149.95Genre: Jazz, Retro, Acid Jazz, Downtempo Keywords: Mysterious, Secret Agent, Cool, Atmospheric, Desolate, Leisurely, Smoky, Sneaky, Mellow, Investigative, Spy Instrument: Jazz Combo, Instrumental Production Types: Suspense, Background
Agent Mellow from the album Edge 06: Chill-Out / Cool Moods / Lounge
Agent Mellow-LoopUltra cool and on the look-out, this backdrop for espionage serves up just the right amount of cautious atmosphere. Just check if you're being followed.https://www.smartsound.com/edge/images/eg06.jpgSingle20602-ST$ 39.9520602-EX$ 69.9520602-W$ 149.95Genre: Jazz, Retro, Acid Jazz, Downtempo Keywords: Mysterious, Secret Agent, Cool, Atmospheric, Desolate, Leisurely, Smoky, Sneaky, Mellow, Investigative, Spy Instrument: Jazz Combo, Instrumental Production Types: Suspense, Background
Agent Mellow-Loop from the album Edge 06: Chill-Out / Cool Moods / Lounge
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