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Trying new things keeps you from feeling dull. Who says pumpkin-lentil soup has never been done before? You're about to invent a recipe for such a dish, and it's going to be darned good, too.
Did not cook one thing today, hubby did it all....
Thanks. I'll take any advice not to cook. =)
thanks :)
Foodscopes! :) Love the one for this Sunday. I really want to make Meatloaf and Mashed Potatoes now.
No thank you no meat for me at least red meat, I'm a flexitarian, meaning I only eat chicken on occassions!
I wish I could be enjoying the tomato seedlings lovingly growing from heirloom seed and set out 24 May this year. July was literally a 'wash-out' of rain and very little sunshine here in SW Ontario, Canada. I AM adding lush basil leaves to everything I prepare - usually I'd have red rosy tomatoes to go with the basil but not this year.
Yes, do serve traditional food but maybe add a tabbouleh salad and a platter of colourful vegetable kabobs. You may have takers! Enjoy your Independence Day barbeques! I'm Canadian and we celebrated the birth of our country, Canada Day last weekend. Have fun and bon appetit!


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"Liberal groups like People for the American Way and the ACLU have opposed public Christmas and Hanukkah displays," says the Committee for Justice in a new radio ad urging confirmation of Supreme Court nominee Samuel Alito. "Some courts and judges have supported this radical agenda, but not Judge Sam Alito."
Alito deserves credit not so much for facing down the secular humanists as for fearlessly wading into the murky constitutional waters of government-sponsored religious displays. Confronted by questions like how many cartoon characters it takes to balance a baby Jesus, a lesser jurist would have thrown up his hands. But not Judge Sam Alito.
In 1999, as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 3rd Circuit, Alito was asked to decide whether Jersey City's display of a creche, a menorah, and a Christmas tree outside city hall, which a different 3rd Circuit panel had declared an unconstitutional endorsement of religion, could be saved by adding Kwanzaa ornaments on the tree, a red sled, and plastic Santa Claus and Frosty the Snowman statues. Writing for the majority, he concluded that the new, busier exhibit was "indistinguishable in any constitutionally significant respect" from displays the Supreme Court had upheld.
One of the displays Alito had in mind was an elaborate city-owned "winter wonderland" in Pawtucket, R.I., that included a creche, a Christmas tree, a Santa Claus house, a reindeer-drawn sleigh, giant candy canes, and cutouts of a clown, an elephant, and a teddy bear. If it were up to me, the clown alone would render this display unacceptable, but the Supreme Court ruled otherwise.
Another display that had passed muster consisted of a Christmas tree and an 18-foot menorah in front of Pittsburgh's City-County Building, accompanied by a sign about "our legacy of freedom." In the same case, however, the Court rejected a creche under a banner declaring "Gloria in Excelsis Deo!" ("Glory to God in the Highest!") on the staircase of Pittsburgh's Allegheny County Courthouse.
If there's a principle here, it appears to be "more is less:" The more secular elements, the less danger the display will be understood as endorsing religion. A good decorating rule of thumb also seems to be the tackier, the better. Alito did an admirable job of applying these guidelines in the Jersey City case.
Bernie Sanders and Robert Reich Are Confused by Economics. And Government. And Reality | Seton Motley
Here we go: Jeb Bush's campaign weighing whether to have George W. hit the trail for him in South Carolina | Allahpundit

subset: commoncrawl


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HEAVY DUTY Universal DC Power Supply - 120 Watts: This HEAVY DUTY power supply adapter can handle any load up 8 Amps (at 15V), and can power any device that uses DC power from 15V up to 24V. The output voltage is adjustable. This regulated power supply that will protect your devices in case the power source becomes unstable. It has auto shut-off capability. This power supply has a USB port right on the body of the unit to charge or power any USB device. This unit comes with a variety of connectors (9 of them), that will power any device that fits these power specifications, including laptops, lcd screen, audio or video devices, electric motors, LED lights, etc. Specifications: Input:100/240 Volts AC 50-60 Hz Output: Adjustable 12V to 24V Max Load: 120W (8 Amp) Connector Size: Comes with 9 changeable tips (connectors) for compatibility with any device. Maximum Load for each Voltage: 15V Max Load = 8A* 16V Max Load = 7.5A* 18V Max Load = 6.6A* 19V Max Load = 6.34A* 20V Max Load = 6A* 22V Max Load: 5.45A* 24V Max Load = 5A* * Maximum Load above represents the LARGEST load you can place on the adapter for each voltage. Example: If you set this unit to 15 Volt output, it can power any device that is rated 8 Amps or less. SO it can power a 15V 1 Amp, or 2.5 Amp, of 5.8A, or anything in between. For Laptops: This power supply has been tested to successfully power the following laptop brands: Toshiba, Acer, IBM, Dell, Sony, HP, Compaq This is not a complete list. As long as the specifications of the laptop fall within the unit's power range, it will work. For LCD Screens: This power supply will power any LCD screen accept those that require a 4 Pin connector.
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Learn about synesthesia and how it could impact cognition.


text: Posted 1 May 2012 · Report post [b][size=6]I finally got Roaccutane! [/size][/b] Some background information & how I obtained Roaccutane through the NHS (I'll try and keep it short!)... Had mild - moderate acne for about 8 years. I'm 18. Initially used the acne.org regimen which in truth completely cleared me up until I began experimenting with other topical treatments which failed. When I first went to see my GP I wasn't completely clued up on Roaccutane, but I thought I would ask for it anyway. She would not refer me full stop and sent me away with Lymecycline and to come back in a month for another prescription. I wasn't really bothered since I didn't fully understand Roaccutane. During that month I continued to research Roaccutane and came to the conclusion that it was something I wanted. I wasn't comfortable with treating my acne with antibiotics and I wanted something that would offer better and permanent results. One month went by, and I phoned the surgery to book another appointment, but I requested to see a different GP. This doctor was much more sympathetic and after a short conversation agreed that Roaccutane would be a better road to go down, but having only been on one antibiotic he said it was protocol that I try at least two. He put me on Erythromycin and told me this is what they normally give patients before Roaccutane. I was told to return in one month and if I still wanted a referral then he would write one. I returned one month later and he wrote me a referral. To speed the process up I took my blood tests at the surgery one week after being referred and received a confirmation of my appointment letter the day after. I was able to see a dermatologist within one month of being referred. I had my appointment today and walked away with two months worth of Roaccutane, starting at 30mg/day (I take two 20mg one day then take one 20mg the next day and alternate like this). [i][b]My current skincare routine (see picture)[/b][/i] [i][b]Morning[/b][/i] Wash with 'Nivea For Men Sensitive Face Wash' Moisturise with 'Nivea For Men Sensitive Moisturiser' [i][b]Evening[/b][/i] Wash with 'Nivea For Men Sensitive Face Wash' [i]I use Retin-A 0.01% gel on Monday, Wednesday and Friday in the evening, however this may change to twice a week depending on irritation.[/i] Moisturise with 'Nivea For Men Sensitive Moisturiser' I like to use products that are specifically targeted for men, and I really like the Nivea For Men range. Products covered in flowers don't really appeal to me... [b][size=6]Day 1[/size][/b] I took one 20mg tablet with breakfast and one 20mg tablet with dinner. That[b]'[/b]s about it for now. Nothing more to report. I still look like a pizza face. I'm still continuing to take Erythromycin. [b]Here are some pictures I took today (day 1)...[/b] [attachment=42019:IMG_0014.JPG] [attachment=42020:IMG_0015.JPG][attachment=42021:IMG_0016.JPG] [attachment=42022:IMG_0017.JPG][attachment=42023:IMG_0018.JPG] [attachment=42024:IMG_0019.JPG] [attachment=42025:IMG_0020.JPG] [attachment=42026:IMG_0022.JPG] Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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FAT Fried & TastyAugust 1Southern / Soul • Melbourne, Australia
The hot chicken was da bomb
Expertise in Melbourne, Australia
Melbourne, Australia25 Tips
Bars8 Tips
The hot chicken was da bomb
Can't go past the classic Pho
Delicious pinot & snack menu
Great beer and wine selection. The punk IPA packs a punch
All the waiters and waitresses are called Nigel
Free comedy Monday night
Get the oyster omlette
Swim in the beautiful 50m outdoor pool
Eat the Beetroot eggs
Barkly BBQ chicken is the best chicken around. They sell it for cheap at closing time (6pm)


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Take a look at these wonderful 1920's flapper era jet black beads. Each glass bead is chain strung, with an antiqued gold filigree cap. Beautiful cut faceted jet black glass beads. Measures 45" long. Heavy, cool to the touch, and in wonderful perfect condition.
A wondeful vintage copper bracelet. Seven modern rectangular plates ( 1 1/4") designed with diagonal halves of smooth and textured copper Measures 16 1/2" long and has a crown charm on the end. Hook clasp. Excellent condition. A very nice example of copper craftsmanship in jewelry.
Pretty hand crafted sterling silver pendant with sterling chain. Pendant has a nice blue lapis stone which measures about 1/2" x 3/4". Overall pendant is 3 1/4" long. Chain is 20". Pendant stamped sterling (twice) and has acorns and leaves stamp too. A beautiful piece at a very low price. Excellent condition.
Quality made vintage & Beautiful ParkLane chain necklace. This is used but in wonderful condition. Can be worn long or doubled. Very Classy, Stylish and versatile. The Little tag that says PARKLANE is near the heavy duty closure.
This old vintage necklace is really cool. THe condition is amazing! Red maple leaves and chain is plastic too. Nice weight, and leaves are very detailed. Measures 16" long. A great piece of vintage jewelry for your collection or to wear.
A wonderful pendant from the Bold Traditions line. large antiqued gold tone pendant set with a pear shaped faceted sapphire center stone, crystal accent stones, and a faux pearl drop. Comes with chain and original box. Pendant measures 1 1/2" x 2" plus pearl drop. Never worn! 1993 issue.
A wonderful sentiment, I (heart) Mom, with a genuine garnet stone placed in the center of the rose. Gold tone and comes with the chain in original box from Avon. A wonderful gift idea for Mom. Issued in 1995.
Beautiful and detailed, two tone locket is gold tone with delicate silver filigree detailing, with chain. Comes in original box, and never worn. Heart measures 1" x 1", and opens to reveal your most cherished pictures.
Beautiful and elegant, this three piece genuine garnet stone set will definately command your apporval. Set in lacy gold tone with faceted garnet, and a crystal rhinestone accent. Earrings have clip backs. Never worn. Comes with an Avon box.
A pretty crystal clear rhinestone necklace with some larger accent stones. One stone near the end is a little darker than the rest. Hook clasp to adjust to the size you need. Measures 15" long. Very nice!
Simple and pretty single strand of pale blue sparkling rhinestones. Measures just over 15" long. Fold over clasp has teeny rhinestones too. No name. Very nice.
Simple and pretty single strand of clear sparkling rhinestones. Would go well with almost anything. Measures just over 14" long. Fold over clasp. Coro name on the clasp. very nice.
Vintage rhinestone necklace is set entirely with clear prong set rhinestones. Center drops are a series of four independently hung graduating lengths. All stones bright and nice. Measures 13 1/2" long. Fold over clasp.
Vintage double chain choker necklace has 16 different natural polished agates. THe 17th stone is missing, but could be easily replaced with one on the end. Measures 14 1/2" long. Gold tone chain.
This amazing necklace is silver plated over copper. Inlaid enamel detailing, red stones appear to have veins of real gold or copper. Rectangular shape links of the necklace are intricately carved with an elaborate deco design. Barrel clasp. Beautiful condition. Plating is gently worn on a few of the edge pieces (thats where you can see it is real copper). I have seen compareable pieces in the 500.00 range that are not this elaborate.Photo's glare does not show the piece well.
Beautiful Van Dell necklace and earrings set is marked sterling. Bright sparkling crystals set in a delicate filigree sterling. Screw back matching earrings. Measures 15 1/2" long, end to end. Like new.
This is a 1999 Avon "Pecious Moments Pin pendant and/ or Necklace. The pendant says "May Your Happiness Blossom". The Pin can be worn seperate or on the 29" chain Necklace included. The Pin/Necklace is New in the box and has never been used. The pin/Necklace includes only one box, the picture shows two in order to show you the buyer both the front & inside of the box.
Pretty Rosary is made of light blue facet plastic beads which look like the old glass beads.Hanging to 21" when worn. Center has a medal of Mother Mary and says " O Mary concieved without sin pray for us who have recourse to Thee", and has the crucifix that hands at the end. Silvertone metal. Excellent condition.


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Symposium aims to guide veterans with PTSD to help
Published: Friday, January 13, 2012 at 1:00 a.m.
Last Modified: Thursday, January 12, 2012 at 11:58 p.m.
When Mary Dunn goes shopping in Sarasota with her fiance, she braces for potential trouble. Any encounter -- especially with somebody of Middle Eastern descent -- can trigger an explosion of the anger the Army and National Guard veteran carries.
Experience of war and combat training can linger
"Coping with Trauma and PTSD" is a free symposium from 9
a.m. to 1 p.m. Saturday at the Van Wezel Performing Arts Hall, presented by
Sunshine from Darkness, a not-for-profit organization committed to erasing
the stigma of mental illness.
Lecture: Charles Hoge directed research on the
psychological and neurological consequences of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars
at Walter Reed Army Institute of Research from 2000 to 2009, and wrote a
book for veterans, "Once a Warrior, Always a Warrior: Navigating the
Transition from Combat to Home." He will discuss new insights into combat
stress and the physiological responses to war.
Screening: Paul Freedman will introduce his documentary,
"Halfway Home." Sgt. Tommy Reiman, featured in the documentary, will speak
about his own journey with PTSD.
Panel discussion: With Hoge, Freedman, Reiman and Patrick
Kennedy, former congressman from Rhode Island.
Advance registration is required. Call (941) 917-7777 or
sign up at SunshinefromDarkness.org.
"As soon as we leave this house, he doesn't have the walls of the house to protect him," Dunn said. "Sometimes when we go out, I don't like how he gets."
Scott Driscoll, who served in Honduras, Desert Storm and Afghanistan, was already in treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder when he and Dunn met at a veterans' event two years ago. Dunn has a doctorate in psychology and an insight into his challenges. But she said some of her friends have questioned her decision to marry him on Jan. 31.
"More so than any other conflict or war, those who served in Iraq and Afghanistan are coming back with PTSD, and it has changed their personalities," she said. "They feel people are looking down upon them. And in all honesty, people sometimes are, because they don't understand."
Among some 2 million U.S. veterans of these two conflicts, one in five are estimated to suffer from stress disorders or depression, and about 320,000 have sustained traumatic brain injuries. Sunshine from Darkness, a not-for-profit Sarasota organization committed to erasing the stigma of mental illness, will focus its annual symposium Saturday on PTSD, in hopes of encouraging local vets to seek treatment and support.
Fewer than half of all veterans with PTSD ask for help, said Charles Hoge, who directed research on the psychological and neurological consequences of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars at Walter Reed Army Institute of Research from 2000 to 2009. Hoge's book for veterans, "Once a Warrior, Always a Warrior: Navigating the Transition from Combat to Home," discusses how combat training instills the kinds of responses -- including hypervigilance and impulsive reactions -- that are hallmarks of PTSD.
For the veteran, he said, PTSD is "very different from what victims of traumatic events experience. Many of the reactions soldiers have are necessary, beneficial and adaptive responses in the combat environment. When they come home, those responses are labled as symptoms. That's kind of the paradox of PTSD for warriors."
Driscoll is haunted by the idea that he did not reach his potential as a soldier.
"You train, you train, you train," he said, "but then you don't get to use it."
When he is in public, Driscoll said, he wants strangers to perceive him as a possible threat.
"I'm abrasive," he admitted. "I want people to see the bald head and the tattoos and have this image of who I am. If you can get past that, then I'll let you in."
Dunn said most people only see in her fiance a man who is looking for a fight, and fail to appreciate that "he's actually very loving, very protective, very sweet."
Hoge was the lead author on a landmark 2004 article in the New England Journal of Medicine, identifying the barriers that kept combat veterans from seeking mental health counseling. Since then, he said, screening techniques and policies have improved.
And more is known about treating the unique symptoms of combat PTSD. One approach that shows promise, Hoge said, is narrative therapy.
PTSD symptoms occur, he explained, "in the parts of the brain that have to do with reflexive responses. They tend to be very vivid and immediate, and they don't tend to be very linear. Something in the environment like a traffic jam or or loud noise will immediately rekindle a response."
Narrative therapy teaches veterans to shape their combat experiences into a story, with a beginning, middle and end.
"It's not that the experiences become any less painful," Hoge said, "but the person is able to go on with life and find joy, despite having these feelings and memories."
This story appeared in print on page BS2
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


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Diplomat Motel
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TripAdvisor Reviews Diplomat Motel Cumberland
Travel Blogs from Cumberland
Day 7 - Steaks and Moon Landings
... leaving DC, we visited the Fords Theatre, where John Wilkes Booth shot Lincoln. It was strange seeing where it all happened, including where Lincoln died. It was time to say goodbye to Washington - albeit a quick visit, but we really enjoyed our time. We experienced some real American history, and along the way sampled some more good American food :-D As I write this, we are now en route to Chicago, on a 17 hour train ride on the Amtrak. We have eaten in ...
... strolling through the market we ran into our old friend Xtina, who works in one of the farmers booths there now, which I didn't remember so it was a treat to see her! After ducking into the densest/cutest bookstore we enjoyed a walk past the Capitol building back to the train station. Halfway to Pittsburg now, and the route is beautiful, following the Potomac river through the Appalachians in West ...
Drake Well Museum and down to Maryland
... village or fort. There's an excellent indoor display and one of the outside buildings houses the actual first hole that was drilled (69.5') where they struck oil. The building is an exact replica and the equipment inside is all operational, including a pipe that still brings up oil. The hole has been dry for years but they keep recycling some oil as a demonstration. It didn't start raining until I was ready to leave.
The ...
Falling for the weekend
... with the trashy Dairy Queen for birthday lunch! The lodge was off the beaten track in the middle of a forest with rustic log cabins and yurts and to stay in. We had a nice dinner and several wines in the restaurant that night before enjoying our sleep in the peaceful surrounds. The next morning we were up a little early for breakfast so they gave us a couple of coffees in takeaway cups and we wandered around the grounds. We spotted a couple of hammocks in the trees so Donelle thought ...
Deep Creek shananigans 4th of July
... s home, with drunken greetings since everyone had gotten there before us. They were having a huge lawn party with food, games and corn hole. It was so much fun and a great start to the weekend!
That same night, Friday, we went out onto the lake to watch the fireworks. They were magnificent! all of the boats out on the water were congregated together and dark except for the few lights twinkling on board each. It was a beautiful ...


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3100 Cloverleaf Pkwy, Kannapolis, NC, 28083, United States of America, 855-239-9479
Econo Lodge Kannapolis, Kannapolis
Lowest price$59
Best Price Guarantee
No-frills Kannapolis motel with outdoor pool
- Free continental breakfast and free WiFi in lobby
Main amenities
- 71 guestrooms
- Outdoor pool
- 24-hour front desk
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Self-serve laundry
- Meeting rooms
What's around
- Curb Motosports Museum (3.9 mi / 6.3 km)
- North Carolina Music Hall of Fame (4.2 mi / 6.7 km)
- Old Courthouse Theatre (4.2 mi / 6.8 km)
- North Carolina Research Campus (4.4 mi / 7 km)
It was the worse hotel I have ever spent a night in, never again will I come here. The…
Hotel was in a great location based on where I needed to be. The thing is I got attacked…
TripAdvisor Traveller Rating: 3
From 49 reviews
Enter dates to check prices
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $59
- Standard Room, 1 Queen Bed, Non Smoking
- Standard Double Room, 2 Double Beds, Non Smoking
- Standard Double Room, 2 Double Beds, Smoking
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 71 rooms
- Check-in time starts at 3 PM
- Check-out time is 11 AM
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Pets allowed *
- 2 per room (up to 25 kg)
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Accessible parking
Nearby Two Star Kannapolis hotels
In the hotel
Food and drink
- Free continental breakfast
Things to do
- Outdoor pool
- Golfing nearby
Working away
- Meeting rooms
- 24-hour front desk
- Laundry facilities
- Disabled parking
- In-room accessibility
In the room
Home comforts
- Air conditioning
Freshen up
- Private bathroom
- Free toiletries
Be entertained
- Cable TV channels
Stay connected
- Phone
- Daily housekeeping
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Econo Lodge Kannapolis, Kannapolis's small print
Also known as
- Econo Lodge Hotel Kannapolis
- Econo Lodge Kannapolis
Mandatory fees
Deposit: USD 150 per stay
Optional extras
Pets are allowed for an extra charge of USD 25 per stay
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.


text:
NCAA - Page 8
Check It Out: Is Oregon's Amazing New Football Complex All It's Quacked Up To Be? [VIDEO]
Kansas State Struggles to Decide Starting QB
Go, Johnny Go: A Salute To The Hot Mess That Is The NCAA & Johnny Football [VIDEO]
So, Johnny Manziel can't take cash for his autograph? But the NCAA, which is investigating him for doing just that, CAN make money by selling a jersey with "Football" written like a name on the back? Not that Manziel is the most likable guy in the world, but his money-for-my-mark story sure is making a mockery of a bad system -- something we HAD to put to music!
Texas Longhorns 2013 Football Schedule
Football season is almost here, and that means another season of Texas Longhorns Football! Catch Mack Brown and the team every game, every play, all the way through the season, and into the bowls, right here on 600 ESPN El Paso...


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Kalta Minor Minaret
West Gate
Kuhna Ark
To your left after you enter the West Gate stands the Kuhna Ark – the Khiva rulers' own fortress and residence, first built in the 12th...
Bir Gumbaz
Rather overpriced (you're paying for the premium location, with superb Kalta Minor minaret views from the terrace), this place serves up...
Kalta Minor Minaret information
Just south of the Kuhna Ark stands the fat, turquoise-tiled Kalta Minor Minaret. This unfinished minaret was begun in 1851 by Mohammed Amin Khan, who according to legend wanted to build a minaret so high he could see all the way to Bukhara. Unfortunately, the khan dropped dead in 1855 and it was never finished, leaving the beautifully tiled structure looking distinctly unusual and rather stumpy. It's currently not possible to climb the structure.
East of the minaret, beside the medressa, is the small, plain Sayid Alauddin Mausoleum , dating to 1310 when Khiva was under the Golden Horde of the Mongol empire. You might find people praying in front of the 19th-century tiled sarcophagus.


text:
|Reviews for Gimme A Head With Hair
| CutieSOS chapter 1 . 2/2/2014
| Guest chapter 1 . 9/17/2013
HAHAHAHAAA! Your crack fics always have me LOLING! :D :D You're such a great writer XD
| andysanime chapter 1 . 7/4/2013
Ohh goodness... poor Robin XD
| ScarletShadowCat chapter 1 . 2/9/2013
You should continue with more chapters
| Serenity Marie chapter 1 . 10/29/2012
Aww so adorable, I love it.
| Guest chapter 1 . 6/30/2012
love ur fics there really great and funnny
| beatlesaddict chapter 1 . 5/31/2012
Much as this is an awesome story (really love it!), S2 Robin is Tim, not Dick (Because he's finally Nightwing! Yay! Although the lack of fingerstripes was disappointing...)
Still, this is great - Wally cracks me up :)
| LilmissChrissy chapter 1 . 5/25/2012
freaking epic.
| Dulcis Cantio chapter 1 . 5/5/2012
Funny :D
| stars and secrets chapter 1 . 5/1/2012
Oh this is just pure brilliance! I loved it. It wasn't too exaggerated and not all forced. The story was great and especially everyone's reactions to it. Wally's little dramatics was cute, if a tad out of character but it added to the overall humor. I don't think he and Robin acted like a couple all that much, it seemed more like Wally being in a hair-induced spastic attack. So yeah, not cheesy at all. Weird and a little crazy, but still funny.
| Waruitenshi chapter 1 . 4/28/2012
LMFAO! OHHhhhhH! that was hilarious! I couldn't stop laughing! XD My eyes started to freakin' water! Especially when Flash wanted to avenge Robin's hair and when he said "HALF THAT HAIR IS MINE!" XD oh man! Priceless! Kid Flash's melodrama is so funny!
| Reining3 chapter 1 . 4/24/2012
Wally's reaction towards everything was pretty funny, but overall, what got my attention towards the humor, was the reason why Robin said he fell asleep in science class and Wally's reaction towards that. Predictible, but yet...it wasn't at the same time.
I also find it incredibly ironic and funny when you learn about the level of obssesioness Wally has with Robin's hair.
Absolutely loved it :)
- Rein
| Ms. Pufferfish chapter 1 . 4/22/2012
Oh god the title. I took one look at it and the song burst into action in my head! ITS PERFECT! And rofl I love Wally's reactions, but mostly I love the awkward situation that birthed the "atrocity." It sounds like something I would read in a comic. XD
| IShipThat44 chapter 1 . 4/22/2012
great story T.T
| Val-Creative chapter 1 . 4/22/2012
The sheer crack. Oh god. *laughing so hard* HALF OF ROBIN'S HAIR BELONG TO KF. BWAHAHAHA. Artemis, ilu.


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Prices, specials, features and availability subject to change.
Contact for details
A magnificent community where tranquility and comfort are a way of life.
A walk through our majestic lawns will leave you breathless. Read a book in our gazebo or relax under our beautiful shade trees.
Prepare dinner on one of our BBQs then enjoy a relaxing swim with friends in our sparkling pool. Or walk to historic Goshen for ice cream on a warm summer evening.
Our staff is ready to satisfy your every need. It is easy to make friends ... and revel in the real Orange County lifestyle at Briarwood House.
Lease terms offered: 12 months.
Pet policy: 1 pet maximum, 25 lb. weight limit, $30 pet rent. No Bull Dogs.
Cats Allowed. Dogs Allowed. Call for service animal policy.
76 units
Contact Propertyor call
The building structure is older and the windows and doors don't fit well after many years. The basement stora Read Morege locations are musty. The pool is a lovely site in the summer and well maintained. The bbq and picnic area is an asset to have since we can not use gas grill on our decks. The maintenance crew if very responsive and helpful. The laundry facility could use some new machines and a few more for all the people who live her and need to use them.
September 23, 2015
Im glad to hear you love the picnic and pool areas. Likewise, we hire the very best maintenance people and trust that they will continue to provide prompt, competent and friendly service.
Regarding the other issues we are happy to address all your concerns.
We are installing extra weather stripping on all the front doors.
We have contracted a team of professional to deal with basements.
Three new washers are on their way.
Thanks for your review.
Laura Klein, Manager
Neighbors respect each other. Noise and disruption is not tolerated.
September 23, 2015
Briarwood House is located in a residential neighborhood and spread out among over 5 acres of lush green space. We have a great reputation of being a nice, quiet place to live and we like to rent to nice people who become respectful neighbors.
Thanks for your review.
Laura Klein
Overall living at Briarwood is good. Maintenance and repairs are an area to be worked on.
October 19, 2013
Monday-Friday: 8:30am-4:30pm, By Appointment
Saturday-Sunday: By Appointment
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Designs in Mind
Designs in Mind is here to offer you the best floral services according to the mood and theme of your wedding day. For more information contact us today.
SoSimplyBeautiful4U presents beautiful Garlands and Flowers in bulk at an affordable price for your pleasure. Contact us now for more info.
Extraordinary Weddings and Balloons
Talented experts at Extraordinary Weddings and Balloons are specially trained to provide you the best day of your life. We offer services in Corsages which will leave you satisfied and happy.


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New York—With less than three weeks left in holiday shopping season, the third wave of StrategyOne's Annual Holiday Shopping … [Read more...]
Holiday Shopping Divide: Best Deals Online or in Store?
Neiman Marcus Q1 Profit Triples
Dallas—Mirroring increases that many European luxurygoods companies have been reporting recently, Neiman Marcus Inc. posted today … [Read more...]
Battle Over Boots: Deckers Sues EMU Over UGG Brand
Goleta, CA--Alleging that Emu Australia mislead consumers into believing they are buying an UGG merchandise, Deckers Outdoor has … [Read more...]
Kohl's Renews Vera Wang License Early
Menomonee Falls, WI--Kohl's today announced today the early renewal of its long-term license agreement to be the exclusive … [Read more...]
Talbots Q3 Profits Rises Forecasts Weak Q4
Hingham, MA—Shares of Talbots dropped more than 20% today after the specialty retailer reported its third quarter earnings and … [Read more...]
J. Crew Buyout 'Threatened' by Q3 Results
New York—The $3 billion private equity buyout of J. Crew almost didn't happen when the buyers threatened to abandon the deal … [Read more...]
Hermes Family Defense to Form Holding Company
Paris— Hermès family majority shareholders said Sunday they plan to seek approval to form a holding company to thwart further … [Read more...]
Dollar General Lifts Outlook on Q3 Sales Hike
Goodlettsville, TN--Dollar General Corporation has raised its full-year earnings outlook after posting a 68.4% hike in third … [Read more...]
Fortunoff Reopens on the Web
New York—Although their namesake jewelry store won't open its brick-and-mortar store until next year, Fortunoff returned to … [Read more...]
More Q3 Reports: Charming Shoppes, Express, rue21, Zumiez
Rue21 and Zumiez reported higher third quarter sales and income. Charming Shoppes posted flat sales for the quarter with its … [Read more...]
Customer Service Report the Top 10 Retailers
Washington—With million of Americans flood stores and websites in search of holiday deals, the NRF Foundation, the research and … [Read more...]
Collective Brands Books 29% Rise in Q3 Earnings
Topeka, KA--Strong sales of its Sperry Top-Sider, Saucony, Keds and Stride Rite brands have helped footwear retailer Collective … [Read more...]


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- Product Information
Product Description
Banish the winter blahs with our Flashing Snowflake Color Changing LED Blinkies! Instead of flashing, these snowflake pins go through a color changing cycle thanks to the 13 high-powered LEDs—6 red, 6 yellow, and 1 blue. You'll never get lost in the snow again with these festive and fabulous light up snowflake blinkies! Each snowflake pin has a butterfly connector that allows you to attach it to practically anything. Please note the butterfly connector may create a small hole in the garment you attach it to. These light up snowflake blinkies come with two CR927 batteries that are included, installed, and replaceable. Our Flashing Snowflake Color Changing LED Blinkies are sold by the dozen and come individually packaged in a clam shell.
- Quantity-12
- Color-Multi-Color
- Imprintable-No Replacement batteries are available for this item: 2 pcs, CR927
- Quantity-12
- Questions & Answers
- Reviews
Customer Reviews
- Great! Review by Heather D.
I put these in goody bags at our holiday party and they were great! The kids loved them! The only negative is that they're a little fragile and the batteries can come out pretty easily. It's also not sturdy enough to wear on a winter coat, and they'd make holes in nicer clothing. I put one in my daughter's headband and it looked great!
(Posted on 12/11/11)
- cute, but easy to lose parts. Review by Kris quilts
Easy to lose pieces if unscrewed all the way, also hard to push thru fabric.
(Posted on 3/29/11)
Write Your Own Review
5 Steps to Keeping Zombies Away During the Zombie Apocalypse
In the event that a Zombie Apocalypse does occur, you and your loved ones will remain safe and untouched when you follow these (fun and) simple steps.
Party Tips on Hosting a Kid-Friendly Halloween Party
Teachers and moms, use these Halloween decorating and party planning tips in order to throw a fabulous Halloween party this year!
Create a Spooky Scene Outside Your Home with Halloween Decorations
We offer a wide selection of Halloween decorations in a variety of horror themes. Use this guide to help you choose the perfect decorations to make your home the most popular trick-or-treating destination this year!


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carbon neutrality Companies in Belgium
Abellon Clean Energy Limited
based in Ahmedabad, INDIA
Abellon CleanEnergy is an integrated Sustainable Energy solutions provider with a vision to contribute to clean energy generation through a focus on renewable energy including Bio Energy & Wind, Solar, Thermal, and other forms of clean energy generation. The company is part of a global business group spread across 76 countries, with business interests in diverse areas. ...
Zerofootprint Software Inc.
based in Toronto, ONTARIO (CANADA)
Zerofootprint shows energy in ways that help people understand it—and once that light goes on for people, they start to think about turning one off. With VELO, Zerofootprint enables companies to create more effective energy programs, and has helped hundreds of companies around the world.
Recarbon Deutschland GmbH
based in Cologne, GERMANY
Recarbon GmbH was founded by Raffael A. Fruscio & Martin Schürmann, also founding members of the RECLAY Group.Understanding and managing sustainable practices, environmental projects and energy related projects with today's often changing regulatory compliance requirements takes a team of highly qualified professionals.At RE|CARBON our team serves businesses, banks, ...
Air Fuel Synthesis (AFS)
based in Darlington, UNITED KINGDOM
Air Fuel Synthesis is pioneering revolutionary renewable fuels to provide secure, stable, and sustainable alternatives to global uncertainty about the future of fossil fuels and fossil oil based products. Air Fuel Synthesis uses renewable energy to do what nature does with photosynthesis and time, converting carbon dioxide into oil. Put simply, Air Fuel Synthesis converts ...
based in Hasselt, BELGIUM
STEINZEUG KERAMO, a subsidiary company of STEINZEUG KERAMO GmbH at Cologne (Germany), is a European company with international orientation, having its head office at Frechen, Germay. It develops, manufactures and sells vitrified clay pipes, manholes, fittings and accessories for domestic, urban and industrial sewerage systems. The durability of clay with its acknowledged ...
Envira Carbon
based in Kingsport, TENNESSEE (USA)
Every citizen of this earth desires to live in a clean environment. Most of us, however, are unwilling to give up our way of life and our conveniences in order to attain that "green" planet that we all desire. We are fast coming to the realization that a balance needs to be struck in order to maintain our life style, while reversing the damage that irresponsible use of ...
Carbon Expert
based in Golden Mile, SPAIN
Carbon Expert can help you understand the likely impact of existing and impending legislation on your business, guide you towards managing the change and assist in helping you adapt profitably to a sustainable future. Regulatory pressures are increasing and the range of companies being brought into compliance regimes is spreading, with many businesses and customers now ...
Carbon Masters
based in Edinburgh, UNITED KINGDOM
Carbon Masters helps organisations to measure, manage, reduce and report their carbon emissions. We are an international carbon management consultancy with offices in Europe, Asia and Latin America. Our overarching aims are to mitigate the impacts of climate change and to help organisations to survive and thrive in a low carbon world.
Carbon Footprint Ltd.
based in Hampshire, UNITED KINGDOM
Carbon Footprint Ltd. is a leading provider of full sustainability services. Enabling hundreds of companies to deliver a compelling business case from carbon & sustainability credentials, helping them win more business and out perform others. We can also make your business and its products & services carbon neutral with Quality Assurance Scheme (QAS) approved carbon ...
Sauter Carbon Offset Design
based in Kuta, INDONESIA
Provide practical Net Zero Solutions for Habitats on land and sea such as Hotel Resorts and Superyachts that act as Sustainable Energy Power Stations that supply electricity to their neighbors. In Maritime transport, reduce GHG emissions by 50 to 100% in boats of all sizes by optimizing and applying the full range of well established technology in shipbuilding and ...


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A Dual Measure of Economies of Scope
Information on the economies of scope (or cost complementarities) between two or more output variables is traditionally obtained from the second derivative properties of an econometrically estimated multi-output cost function. However, in some instances the econometric estimation of a cost function may not be viable, because cost or input price data are not readily available or because the assumption of cost minimising behaviour is not appropriate in the industry at hand, perhaps due to government ownership or regulatory controls. In this paper we address this issue by utilising the duality between the cost and input distance functions in deriving an expression for a measure of economies of scope in terms of the derivatives of an input distance function. We derive expressions for the special cases of the CES and translog functional forms, and then provide an empirical illustration using sample data on Australian aged care facilities, an industry which is currently undergoing a major pricing and regulatory review. Our empirical results indicate that there is some evidence for existence of economies of scope between high care and low care patients, a result which is of particular interest to policy makers in this industry.
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Phone: +61 7 3365 6570
Fax: +61 7 3365 7299
Web page: http://www.uq.edu.au/economics/
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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Bloch, Harry & Madden, Gary G & Savage, Scott J, 2001.
"Economies of scale and scope in Australian telecommunications,"
MPRA Paper
11154, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Harry Bloch & Gary Madden & Scott Savage, 2001. "Economies of Scale and Scope in Australian Telecommunications," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer, vol. 18(2), pages 219-227, March.
- Hanoch, Giora, 1975. "The Elasticity of Scale and the Shape of Average Costs," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 65(3), pages 492-97, June.
- David N. Laband & Bernard F. Lentz, 2003. "New Estimates of Economies of Scale and Scope in Higher Education," Southern Economic Journal, Southern Economic Association, vol. 70(1), pages 172-183, July.
- Jin, Songqing & Alston, Julian M. & Rozelle, Scott & Huang, Jikun, 2003.
"Economies Of Scale And Scope, And The Economic Efficiency Of China'S Agricultural Research System,"
2003 Annual meeting, July 27-30, Montreal, Canada
22088, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
- Songqing Jin & Scott Rozelle & Julian Alston & Jikun Huang, 2005. "Economies Of Scale And Scope And The Economic Efficiency Of China'S Agricultural Research System," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 46(3), pages 1033-1057, 08.
- Panzar, John C & Willig, Robert D, 1981. "Economies of Scope," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(2), pages 268-72, May.
- Rezvanian, Rasoul & Mehdian, Seyed, 2002. "An examination of cost structure and production performance of commercial banks in Singapore," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 79-98, January.
- Coelli, Tim & Fleming, Euan, 2004.
"Diversification economies and specialisation efficiencies in a mixed food and coffee smallholder farming system in Papua New Guinea,"
Agricultural Economics,
Blackwell, vol. 31(2-3), pages 229-239, December.
- Coelli, Tim J. & Fleming, Euan M., 2003. "Diversification Economies And Specialisation Efficiencies In A Mixed Food And Coffee Smallholder Farming System In Papua New Guinea," 2003 Annual Meeting, August 16-22, 2003, Durban, South Africa 25841, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
- Ivaldi, M & McCullough, G J, 2001.
"Density and Integration Effects on Class I U.S. Freight Railroads,"
Journal of Regulatory Economics,
Springer, vol. 19(2), pages 161-82, March.
- Ivaldi, M. & McCullough, G., 1999. "Density and Integration Effects on Class I U.S. Freight Railroads," Papers 99.526, Toulouse - GREMAQ.
- Ivaldi, Marc & Mccullough, Gerard, 1999. "Density and Integration Effects on Class I U.S. Freight Railroads," IDEI Working Papers 93, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse.
- Atkinson, Scott E. & Primont, Daniel, 2002. "Stochastic estimation of firm technology, inefficiency, and productivity growth using shadow cost and distance functions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 108(2), pages 203-225, June.
- Tim J. Coelli & Chris O'Donnell, 2003.
"A Bayesian Approach To Imposing Curvature On Distance Functions,"
CEPA Working Papers Series
WP032003, School of Economics, University of Queensland, Australia.
- O'Donnell, Christopher J. & Coelli, Timothy J., 2005. "A Bayesian approach to imposing curvature on distance functions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 126(2), pages 493-523, June.
- Catherine J. Morrison Paul & Warren E. Johnston & Gerald A. G. Frengley, 2000. "Efficiency in New Zealand Sheep and Beef Farming: The Impacts of Regulatory Reform," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 82(2), pages 325-337, May.
- Jim Griffin & Mark Steel, 2007.
"Bayesian stochastic frontier analysis using WinBUGS,"
Journal of Productivity Analysis,
Springer, vol. 27(3), pages 163-176, June.
- Jim Griffin & Mark Steel, 2005. "Bayesian Stochastic Frontier Analysis Using WinBUGS," Econometrics 0509004, EconWPA.
- Blackorby, Charles & Russell, R Robert, 1981. "The Morishima Elasticity of Substitution; Symmetry, Constancy, Separability, and Its Relationship to the Hicks and Allen Elasticities," Review of Economic Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(1), pages 147-58, January.
- Takanori Ida & Tetsuya Kuwahara, 2004. "Yardstick Cost Comparison and Economies of Scale and Scope in Japan's Electric Power Industry," Asian Economic Journal, East Asian Economic Association, vol. 18(4), pages 423-438, December.
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Community Ties
UP, Partners Recognized for Arizona Project
Posted June 16, 2014 01:32 PM CDT
Share This!
New sidewalks, bike lanes and landscaping, as well as important crossing updates, and Phase II already is underway!
Located 15 miles south of Tucson, the desert town of Sahuarita, Arizona, is a growing community that sits along the Santa Cruz River. It's also a railroad town, with track that connects UP's Sunset Route with the important border town of Nogales.
As Sahuarita continues to grow, the area's infrastructure has undergone some updates.
Sahuarita Road, from Interstate 19 to Country Club Road, is a major corridor project of the 20-year RTA plan. The widening project includes new sidewalks, bike lanes and landscaping. For UP, the project involved three separate crossings - the relocation of one, the simplification of another, and the closing of a third.
"Safety was a primary concern in making changes at these crossings and installing top of the line safety devices," said Alexander Popovici, manager of Industry and Public Projects - Arizona, New Mexico and Southern Nevada. "This was a major project for us."
Joel Harris, assistant town engineer - Sahuarita, said the project has proven to be more than just road widening. "It has been a journey of transforming a fast-growing community. Partnerships have been a key to the success of this vision coming to life."
Popovici agrees. "Both the town, and the contractor Borderland Construction were really helpful and accommodating," he said. "They had an understanding of our procedures and any suggestions were immediately addressed."
"Coordination and consistent communication with Union Pacific staff was instrumental in the project design, permitting, contracting and installation schedules," Harris said. "UP's direct involvement in the project improvements has helped promote the efficient construction of regional roadway infrastructure that is important to the Town of Sahuarita and our region."
Sahuarita recently was honored with the inaugural Timothy M. Ahrens Partnering Award, for work on the project. Union Pacific also received recognition as one of the project partners, "for making substantial contributions to planning, design and construction of the project." The partnering award was established to recognize the late Timothy Ahrens, the first manager of the Regional Transit Authority (RTA) and his spirit of collaboration and cooperation.
The second phase of the project already is underway, with expected completion in the fourth quarter of this year.
The Before Picture: Sahuarita Road, Phase II, March 2011
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Lady Gaga's stylist will participate in the New York Fashion Week
Brandon Maxwell, Lady Gaga's great stylist, will participate at the upcoming New York Fashion Week.
Date: 2013-08-28 19:57:32 By: Cinthya Lara Via: starMedia
Lady Gaga shows her nipples in a boobs' revealing outfit at the streets of London. Check the picture out.
Lady Gaga is making a point, her new look is nudity. After her performance at the VMAs she made clear of her style's transition through her albums, and it seems nudity is her new thing.
Lady Gaga made an impression in London as she walked on the streets wearing leather pants and a translucent pink bra that showed her nipples completely.
The singer didn't mind by being noticed by fans and paparazzi, she was wearing her signature "hair bow" in company of some friends while she ate some "fish and chips."
What do you think of Lady Gaga's new nude signature look?
If you want to look pretty and sophisticated for your Mardi Gras special party don't hesitate to try any of these amazing hairstyles!


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|26 Jun 2003
|Filing date
|14 Aug 2001
|Priority date
|14 Aug 2001
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Ji-Cheng Zhao, James Ruud, John Tkaczyk, Ann Ritter, Melvin Jackson, Jerome Tiemann
|Original Assignee
|Ji-Cheng Zhao, Ruud James Anthony, Tkaczyk John Eric, Ritter Ann Melinda, Jackson Melvin Robert, Tiemann Jerome Johnson
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Referenced by (21), Classifications (10), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
[0001] The invention relates to an on-line or in-situ method of assessing wear and/or damage that has occurred to turbine parts. The invention also relates to a gas turbine comprising parts with smart coatings and collection and detection means to measure wear and erosion of gas turbine parts.
[0002] The current industry practice for determining wear and damage of gas turbine parts is schedule-based shutting down of a turbine and physically examining parts at predetermined intervals. However, this process is highly inefficient, time consuming, and costly due to turbine shut-down and maintenance. In response, general on-line or in-situ methods have been developed for detecting wear-out of outer surfaces of wear-susceptible parts.
[0003] For example, Blatchley and coworkers (C. C. Blatchley and R. J. Bricault Jr., in Tribological Mecharnims & Wear Problems in Materials, ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio, 1987, pp. 95-100 and C. C. Blatchley and P. G. Loges, in Advances in Steam Turbine Technology for Power Generation, ASME, New York, N.Y., 1990, Vol. 10, pp. 9-13) developed a "surface layer activation" technique to monitor wear and corrosion in steam turbines by detecting gamma-ray signals from radionuclides imbedded in trace amounts in surfaces of wearing parts. The nuclides served as surface markers, and were produced by controlled exposure to particles from Van de Graaff or cyclotron accelerators.
[0004] However, the above techniques can only be applied to steam turbines, which are closed systems, so that radioactive materials in the water stream will not be released to the environment. The technique cannot be applied to gas turbines because the exhaust is released into the air, and radioactive elements will be detrimental to the environment.
[0005] Other existing coating life estimation methods are typically based on average effects of stress and temperature profiles of all the parts. These methods are unable to focus on individual parts because they do not take into account the circumstances that the parts installed in a particular turbine actually encounter, such as foreign object damage, variation of operating conditions from site to site, and occasional overfiring of the turbine. All of these circumstances can drastically influence the true remaining life of the individual parts.
[0006] Thus, there exists a need for an on-line or in-situ assessment of coatings and wear of gas turbine parts, without turbine shut-down or disassembly. Accordingly, an online or in situ method for detecting wear and/or damage of gas turbine parts is desirable. Also, a gas turbine which can be efficiently, and reliably measured online or in situ for wear, is also particularly desirable.
[0007] There is provided, in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention, an on-line method of assessing wear and/or damage to gas turbine parts, comprising the steps of: (a) coating one or more gas turbine parts with a coating comprising a taggant; (b) collecting and concentrating particles of an exhaust stream which passed over a part coated in step (a) to provide a particulate containing fraction; and (c) analyzing the particulate containing fraction for the taggant, whereby the presence of a taggant indicates wear and/or damage to the gas turbine part.
[0008] There is also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, a gas turbine, comprising: (a) one or more gas turbine parts coated with a coating comprising a taggant; (b) an exhaust collector in fluid communication with the gas turbine parts, whereby the collector samples a portion of an exhaust gas which passed over the coated gas turbine parts; (c) an exhaust particle separator connected to said particle collector, whereby the separator separates and concentrates particulate matter in the exhaust gas; and (d) an optional analyzer connected to the separator, wherein the elemental analyzer is capable of detecting the taggant.
[0009] There is also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, a part for a gas turbine comprising: a) a turbine component substrate; and b) an environmentally resistant coating applied on the turbine component substrate. Preferably, the environmental coating or the coating/substrate interface comprises a taggant selected from the group consisting of Sr, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Re, Ru, Pd, Pt and Au. Preferably, these elements are present exclusively as taggants so that their collection pinpoints where damage has occurred.
[0010] There is also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, a part for a gas turbine comprising: a) a turbine component substrate; b) a bond coat applied on the turbine component substrate; and c) a thermal barrier coat (TBC) applied on the bond coat, wherein the TBC or a TBC interface comprises a taggant selected from the group consisting of Sr, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu, and the bond coat or a bond coat interface comprises a taggant selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Re, Ru, Pd, Pt, and Au, and wherein the TBC or TBC interface taggant is different from the bond coat or bond coat interface taggantThere is also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, a gas turbine, comprising: (a) one or more gas turbine parts provided with a coating comprising a taggant; (b) a collector means for sampling a portion of an exhaust gas which passed over the coated gas turbine parts; and (c) a separator means for separating particles from the exhaust gas.
[0011]FIG. 1 Depicts the outer region of a typical turbine part according to a preferred embodiment of the instant invention.
[0012]FIG. 2 Depicts a perspective view of an embodiment of the invention for collecting particles from an exhaust stream.
[0013]FIG. 3 Depicts a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention for collecting particles from an exhaust stream.
[0014]FIG. 4 Depicts another embodiment for collecting particles from an exhaust stream.
[0015]FIG. 5 Schematically depicts a block diagram for collecting and detecting taggants according to one embodiment of the invention.
[0016]FIG. 6 Schematically depicts a block diagram for collecting and detecting taggants according to an alternate embodiment of the invention.
[0017]FIG. 7 Depicts a cross-sectional view of the as-deposited test sample with a Ru-containing taggant layer.
[0018]FIG. 8 Depicts a cross-sectional view of the coating after a high temperature exposure at 1150� C. for 450 hours.
[0019] The present inventors discovered an in situ assessment method in which coatings on gas turbine parts are doped with unique taggants which, when detected in downstream exhaust gases, will indicate precisely which set of parts are deteriorating, and to what level. This provides improved knowledge of the coated part's condition and alters the replacement and repair strategy, thereby improving subsequent up-time of the machine. Moreover, these smart coatings can indicate their state of wear and/or damage while the machine that contains them is in full operation.
[0020] Thus, a preferred embodiment is a gas turbine comprising parts whose coatings are comprised of a sequence of layers, each of which contains a specific taggant atom or compound, and exhaust particulate collection elements and detection elements for collecting and detecting taggants in gas exhaust streams originating from or passing over those coated parts comprising taggants. However, the invention is not limited to a gas turbine.
[0021] The preferred embodiments of the invention also provide an online method of assessing wear and damage that has occurred to gas turbine parts. "Online" means that the assessment can be determined without interrupting the operation of the turbine. The preferred embodiments of invention include smart coatings containing chemical taggants which serve as online indicators of the degree of wear and damage of gas turbine section parts.
[0022] The taggants are either chemical compounds or elements doped into gas turbine part coatings. The taggants are identified in an exhaust stream, indicating wear or damage to the particular gas turbine parts. The preferred embodiments of the invention include incorporation of different chemical taggants into different sets of parts of gas turbines. Since the taggants could originate from any part, different taggants may be used to detect wear from particular parts, for example, for airfoils in different turbine stages or rows.
[0023] These taggants are preferably stable and relatively inactive with respect to diffusion at the high turbine operating temperatures involved, and do not have a deleterious effect on coating and turbine performance. Preferably, the instant taggants are sufficiently unique to the turbine environment and reliably detectable in small concentrations.
[0024] The parts containing the taggants preferably are those parts of a gas turbine that are typically prone to wear or damage, and include, but are not limited to combustors, transition pieces, and high pressure turbine airfoils. Generally, one of ordinary skill can easily determine other candidate parts such as first stage high pressure turbine blades, through normal operation and maintenance of gas turbines, and therefore, these parts are also well within the scope of the instant invention. Coatings of the preferred embodiments of the invention may be applied to the entire surface of these parts, or alternatively, to a portion of these parts. Preferably, the taggants are doped into layers or interfaces of coatings that are present in turbine parts that are subject to wear and damage, erosion, oxidation, and corrosion.
[0025] Coatings for insulating gas turbine parts are known to the skilled artisan and include, for example, several layers of differing compositions and properties, in order to provide an optimal combination of benefits. For example, FIG. 1 depicts the outer region of a typical turbine part. One coating is a ceramic insulating layer, referred to as a thermal barrier coating (TBC) 1. Another coating is a thin metallic layer, termed a bond coat 2, which is applied on the turbine component substrate 34 to adhere the TBC. The bond coat contributes to the ability of the protective ceramic coating to adhere to the turbine component substrate 34 through many cycles of gas turbine startup and shut down. A protective thermally grown oxide (TGO) 33, typically a layer of aluminum oxide (alumina), which resists the oxidizing effects of the hot gas stream, is formed between the bond coat and the TBC.
[0026] In another preferred embodiment of the instant invention, a turbine component substrate may be directly coated with a surface layer known as an environmental coating without a TBC layer. Typical environmental coatings are known to those of ordinary skill and may comprise taggants wherein oxidation and wear of the environmental coating can be assessed by collecting exhaust gases which passed over the coatings.
[0027] According to another preferred embodiment of the instant invention, any or all of the above, or any other coatings may be doped with specific taggant elements. Preferably the taggants are doped in a plurality of layers, and/or layer interfaces, such as the TBC, TBC/bond coat interface, bond coat, bond coat/TGO interface, bond coat/turbine shell interface, and environmental coating/substrate interface.
[0028] With reference again to FIG. 1, first taggant atoms 3 are located at the bond coat/turbine component substrate interface, while a second type of taggant atoms 4 are located at the TBC/TGO interface. Alternatively, specific atoms or compounds which serve as taggants may be doped into the layers of the turbine parts. One will readily appreciate that observation of a taggant atom 3 from the inner layer 2 is indicative of approach of an "end of life" condition of the coating on the turbine part. During the early operation of this part, the outer TBC layer 1 may be eroding. When most of the outer TBC layer 1 has been eroded away, the taggant atoms 4 will be present in the exhaust. When erosion has progressed to the point that the inner layer 2 is exposed, the uniquely different taggant atoms in this layer 3 will start to appear in the particulate matter collected from the exhaust. In this way, the preferred embodiment of the invention provides a method to evaluate degree or level of wear of particular turbine parts.
[0029] With regard to specific taggant selection, individual compounds or constituent layers may suffice. For example, there is very little zirconium or yttrium in a turbine that does not originate from the TBC. Thus, to a great extent, the TBC layer may serve as its own taggant. One potential inherent taggant for fingerprinting the exposure of TBC/bond coat interface is the thermally grown oxide (TGO). Thus, if the alumina content in the exhaust shows appreciable deviation from usual level, it may be a good indication of TGO spallation.
[0030] In selecting potential taggant elements for turbine analysis, those elements commonly found in Ni-base superalloys and steels may be avoided, such as Ni, Co, Cr, Fe, Al, Ti, Nb, Ta, C, B, Si, W, Mn, and V because the turbine component substrate is often made of Ni-based superalloys and steels. However, these elements may serve as taggants if the amount of the taggant is detected rather than their presence. Zr and Y are major elements for TBC. Although the TBC itself may serve as a taggant, these two elements may not serve as taggants for bond coats or environmental coatings. Group IA elements (H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr) may be too active and unstable at high temperatures to be served as taggants.
[0031] Group IIA elements (Be, Mg Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra) may serve as taggants. Sr is most preferred. Be is less preferred because BeO is environmentally unfavorable. Mg and Ca are less preferred because they already appear in turbines from ingested materials. Ba and Ra are less preferred because Ba may be too reactive and unstable and Ra is very expensive.
[0032] In group IIIB elements (Sc, Y, Lanthanide series, Actinide series), Lanthanide elements are preferred taggant elements. Y is usually present in turbine systems and is less preferred. Sc is extremely expensive and the Actinides are either radioactive and/or extremely expensive, and are thus less preferred.
[0033] All group IVB elements (Ti, Zr, Hf) are already typically present in turbine systems, and thus these elements are not preferred as taggants for gas turbine applications. However, these elements may serve as taggants if the amount of the taggant is detected rather than their presence.
[0034] Groups VB and VIB elements (V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W) are all present in Ni-based superalloys, and are not preferred taggants. However, these elements may serve as taggants if the amount of the taggant is detected rather than their presence, as well as being used as taggants in certain circumstances.
[0035] In Group VIIB elements (Mn, Tc and Re), Mn exists in steels, Tc is radioactive and expensive, and are thus not preferred. However Re is preferred since many turbines do not comprise Re-containing superalloys.
[0036] Several group VIIIB elements, such as Ru, Pd, and Pt are preferred candidates as taggants. Os, Ir and Rh are extremely expensive and the rest of the elements in the group (Fe, Co, Ni) already exist in Ni-based superalloys and steels, and are thus less preferred.
[0037] With regard to IB elements, Cu and Ag are detrimental to superalloy properties, and thus only Au in the group is a preferred taggant.
[0038] All group IIB elements (Zn, Cd, and Hg) are not preferred because they have a low melting temperature and they can be detrimental to superalloy and coating properties.
[0039] All group IIIA and IVA elements (B, Al, Ga, In, and TI, C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) are either already in the system (B, Al, C, and Si) or low-melting, and are thus not preferred taggants.
[0040] All elements in groups VA, VIA, VIIA are not preferred as taggants because either they are already in the turbines (N, O, F, P, S, etc.) or they demonstrate a low melting point and/or detrimental to the superalloy performance.
[0041] Inert gases cannot be kept in coatings for extended periods of time, and are thus not preferred.
[0042] In summary, those particular elements that are preferred as taggants, are listed in Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that some elements may serve as taggants for both the bond coat and TBC, others can preferably serve as taggants for either the bond coat or TBC. Preferably, the taggants for the bond coat and the TBC are different.
TABLE 1 Chemical Taggants for Turbine Analysis Taggant Melting for bond Taggant Taggant Point � C. Interaction with Ni Oxide Properties coat for TBC Sr 768 Low solubility in Ni SrO m.p.* = 2420� C. No SrO Eutectic = 660� C. SrO2 d.c.** = 215� C. La 920 No solubility in Ni La2O3 m.p. = 2210� C. La La2O3 Eutectic = 1270� C. Ce 795 Low solubility in Ni Ce2O3 m.p. = 1629� C. Ce CeO2 Eutectic = 1210� C. CeO2 m.p. = 2600� C. Pr 935 No solubility in Ni PrO2 m.p. >>1200� C. Pr PrO2 Eutectic = 1280� C. Nd 1024 No solubility in Ni Nd2O3 m.p. = 1900� C. Nd Nd2O3 Eutectic = 1290� C. Sm 1072 No solubility in Ni Sm2O3 m.p. = 2350� C. Sm Sm2O3 Eutectic = 1280� C. SmO m.p. = 1175� C. Eu 826 Solubility <0.3 at % Eu2O3 m.p. = 2300� C. Eu Eu2O3 Eutectic = 1200� C. Eu3O4 m.p. = 2000� C. Gd 1312 Low solubility in Ni Gd2O3 m.p. = 2330� C. Gd Gd2O3 Eutectic = 1290� C. Tb 1356 Low solubility in Ni Tb2O3 m.p. > 1200� C. Tb Tb2O3 Eutectic > 1200�C. Dy 1407 No solubility in Ni Dy2O3 m.p. = 2430� C. Dy Dy2O3 Eutectic = 1279� C. Ho 1461 — Ho2O3 m.p. = 2350� C. Ho Ho2O3 Er 1497 No solubility in Ni Er2O3 m.p. > 2200� C. Er Er2O3 Eutectic = 1280� C. Tm 1545 — Tm2O3 m.p. = 2400� C. Tm Tm2O3 Yb 824 No solubility in Ni Yb2O3 m.p. = 2346� C. Yb Yb2O3 Eutectic = 1230� C. Lu 1652 — Lu2O3 m.p. = 2410� C. Lu Lu2O3 Re 3180 High solubility in Ni Re2O3 m.p. = 1450� C. Re No Ru 2500 High solubility in Ni RuO4 m.p. = 25� C. Ru No Pd 1552 Completely soluble PdO m.p. + 870� C. Pd No Pt 1789 Completely soluble PtO Pt No Au 1063 Completely soluble Au2O3 Au No
[0043] For example, Ce, Sc and Lanthanide taggants can be incorporated into the TBC coating without compromising the commonly used yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) TBC coating, because ceria, scandia, and some lanthanide oxides are known to be stabilizers for zirconia, but are not commonly used in TBCs on turbine hardware. Virtually all of the rare earth elements form solid solutions with zirconia. Eu-doped yttria could be used as both a chemical and a fluorescent taggant. For bond coats and environmental coatings, precious metals, such as Pt, are known to be beneficial to oxidation and hot corrosion resistance, but are not commonly used in coatings for industrial gas turbines, thus they are preferred as taggants. Most lanthanide elements may also serve as taggants for bond coats, as shown in Table 1.
[0044] The taggant is preferably applied in an analytically detectable amount so that the taggant may be identified in a sample of the exhaust stream, thus indicating wear or damage of a gas turbine part, or wear of a coating layer comprising the taggant. Generally, the taggant may be applied in amounts from 0.01 to 2 atomic percent except for Ru which can be added up to 25 atomic percent.
[0045] On the taggant processing side, commonly used methods can be utilized to apply the instant smart coatings to gas turbine parts. For example, physical vapor deposition (PVD) such as sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), plasma-spray or plasma-arc may be used in application of the instant coatings. These techniques are commonly used in the art, and are described for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,948,484, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In particular, plasma-spray may be used to make graded metal/ceramic and ceramic/ceramic coatings, such as TBC, using co-deposition methods. Coatings and taggants can also be applied by ion plasma deposition, ion implantation, and high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF).
[0046] Alternatively, the smart coatings containing taggants may be applied by powder coating methods. Many methods are known to those of ordinary skill for doping powders with taggants and include, for example, co-deposition, surface coating of powder particles, and doping of original powders, to name a few. For bond coats and environmental coatings, the taggants can be added into the starting powders by alloying, for example, when the bond coat is applied by plasma-spray or HVOF. It is advantageous to assess the conditions of the coatings on the parts of gas turbines in situ since repair will be much more expensive and less feasible when damage to the parts has reached a superalloy substrate (base metal). Therefore, the invention also provides an in situ means for inspection or sampling of part surfaces. FIG. 2 (perspective view) and FIG. 3 (cross-section view) depict one embodiment of the invention for collecting particles from the exhaust stream. These Figures depict a single one of a plurality of tubes 5, such as Pitot tubes, having open ends that face directly into the exhaust gas stream 6 and collect a small percentage of the exhaust stream. Each of the tubes 5 delivers its exhaust sample via duct 7 to a separator 8 such as a cyclone separator, which concentrates the particulate matter while cooling the gas which contains these particles. The output of the separator is directed to a water-gas separator 29 which comprises a cone-shaped surface 11 (FIG. 3) over which a flowing stream of water 9 passes from a rinse water inlet 10, so that the particles are captured by the water stream 9, which flows down water outlet 30 shown at the bottom of FIG. 3. Thermocouple 13 measures the temperature of the exhaust gas. A manifold 36 may be provided to distribute water stream 9 completely around a circumference cone-shaped surface 11. Exhaust may leave the separator by primary exhaust return 14 or secondary exhaust return 15. Before being re-circulated to inlet 10 the water stream is filtered by a particle filter 25 to recover a particulate containing fraction from the water stream. The particle filter may be removed and the recovered particles may be analyzed for the presence of taggant atoms.
[0047] The instant system for inspection and sampling is also depicted by block diagram in FIG. 5 wherein tubes 5 face directly into an exhaust gas stream of turbine 40. The tubes 5 are in fluid communication with separator 8. Rinse water containing exhaust particles leaves the separator 8 at outlet 30 and proceeds to particle filter 25. Pump 41 continually forces rinse water back to separator inlet 10. The filter may be removed and the filtered particles may be subjected to elemental analysis by analyzer 12 to assay for taggant particles. The presence of taggant particles generates a wear indicator signal.
[0048] Alternatively, particles may be delivered directly to an elemental analyzer. With reference to block diagram in FIG. 6, rinse water 37 from outlet 30 of separator 8 is continuously forced by pump 41 to centrifuge 35 to the separate rinse water into a small particle-containing fraction 38 and a major fraction 39 which is recirculated to separator inlet 10. The particulate-containing fraction is delivered into analyzer 12, for example, an inductively coupled plasma flame spectrometer or mass spectrometer, which can assay the particulate containing fraction for presence of taggant.
[0049] With reference to FIG. 3, particles separated from the exhaust stream by the cyclone separator are carried by exhaust gas to a compartment 23 which is lined with a fine particle filter 24 and is connected to the separator for periodic retrieval and analysis, for example, by closing valve 21 and opening valve 22 such that particles will then be deposited in compartment 23 by way of deposition on compartment filter 24. An auxiliary pump may be used so that water stream at the output of the separator 8 is pressurized and forced through the particulate filters 25 or 24.
[0050] Similarly, if the particles are being carried by exhaust gas, this gas stream may be pressurized and forced through filter 24. This would be appropriate if the filter had very fine pores for trapping very small particles. The high gas temperatures associated with gas turbine operation may require that the filter material be fabricated from ceramic fibers.
[0051]FIG. 4 schematically depicts another possible method for collecting particles from the exhaust stream. Here, an electrostatic precipitator in the form of an annular ring 27 with particle inlet slots 18 is placed downstream from the turbine at a radius approximately corresponding to the center of the airfoils in the last stage of the turbine. The outer surface 26 and/or the inner surface 16 of this device is comprised of two metallic sheets with many narrow corresponding slots 19 in them. These two sheets comprise a fixed sheet 17 and a moveable sheet 31 respectively. When the slots 19 in the two sheets 17 and 31 line up, the precipitator is "open" and is capable of collecting particles, and when one sheet is slightly rotated with respect to the other sheet, so the slots no longer line up, and the precipitator is "closed". Application of an electric field within the device provides for the collection of a particle containing fraction via high voltage wires 28. When the precipitator is closed, it can be purged of its load of particles by a purging gas 20, which can deliver the particle containing fraction to a filter for concentration, or optionally, can deliver the particle containing fraction to an analyzer, for detection of the taggant. Preferably, this purging operation takes place through an aperture that rotates around the device so that the particles coming from a specific angular location can be delivered at a predetermined time and be kept separate from particles that were collected at different locations. This rotating aperture can be implemented, for example, by providing cylindrical sheets 17 and 31 with slots in them. The rotating aperture is implemented by sliding one of these sheets 17, for example, with respect to a fixed sheet 31. As sheet 17 slides circumferentially, a portion of the slots 19 in sheets 17 and 31 align with each other, and the location of this aligned region rotates around when the moveable belt slides. For example, if the two sheets 17 and 31 are provided having slots 19 spaced at slightly different pitch, the region where the slots line up can be made to rotate around the cylinder as a result of a relatively small relative motion of the sheets. It may be possible to use the exhaust gas itself as the purge gas, or it may be preferable to provide a separate gas source for this purpose.
[0052] Analysis of the particulate containing fraction may be accomplished by a number of well-known methods including well-known devices such as plasma flame spectrometry and mass spectrometry. The preferred embodiment also includes exhaust sampling at different regions of the exhaust annulus, in order to sample particular parts of the turbine. In this regard, taggants from rotating airfoils will probably be somewhat distributed and diluted throughout the exhaust stream. However, taggant particles from stationary parts, such as the combustors, will continue along an exhaust gas "stream line" into the exhaust annulus. The instant invention therefore includes particle collection at these locations in the exhaust stream for more effective sampling of particular parts. For example, with reference to FIG. 5, tube 5 may be located directly downstream from a particular combustor. In this manner, one collector may selectively sample one combustor located at the same angular position as the combustor. The instant methods and turbine may be used for energy generation, jet engines for aircraft, diesel engines for transportation, steam turbines for energy generation, and other machines that have coatings. Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and the specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description. The invention, thus generally described, will be understood more readily by reference to the following examples, which are provided by way of illustration and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention.
[0053]FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view of a sample component substrate with an environmentally resistant coating comprising an Ru taggant. The coating composition is: 35.7% Co, 32% Ni, 22% Cr, 10% Al, and 0.3% Y in weight percent. The layer comprising Ru taggant has a composition of 26.8% Ni, 46.4% Ru, 4.7% Cr, and 22.1% Al in weight percent. The substrate is a superalloy has a composition of: 60.39% Ni, 9.5% Co, 14.0% Cr, 3.0% Al, 4.9% Ti, 2.8% Ta, 3.8% W, 1.5% Mo, 0.1% C, and 0.01% B in weight percent. The coating layers were deposited using the HVOF method well known in the art. FIG. 7 depicts the as-deposited condition.
[0054] After the sample was exposed at 1150� C. for 450 hours, the coating microstructure is shown in FIG. 8. It can be seen that there was very little growth of the Ru-containing layer, demonstrating stability of the taggant layer with respect to high temperature exposure. When the coating deteriorates by oxidation and wear, and deterioration reaches location A, then the coating will start to release the Ru taggant into the exhaust stream. The presence of Ru in the exhaust would indicate that most of the coating has been consumed and signals an endpoint of coating life.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|29 Nov 2001
|2 Mar 2004
|General Electric Company
|Method for removing a damaged substrate region beneath a coating
|20 Jun 2006
|28 Aug 2007
|Sionex Corporation
|Explosives detection using differential mobility spectrometry
|1 Oct 2003
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|Methods of improving surface roughness of an environmental barrier coating and components comprising environmental barrier coatings having improved surface roughness
|30 Nov 2009
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|Methods for making environmental barrier coatings using sintering aids
|30 Nov 2009
|7 Jul 2015
|General Electric Company
|Slurry compositions for making environmental barrier coatings and environmental barrier coatings comprising the same
|4 Aug 2004
|17 Feb 2005
|Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation
|System and method for processing inspection data for evaluating degradation of coating on components
|1 Oct 2003
|7 Apr 2005
|General Electric Company
|Imaging system for robotically inspecting gas turbine combustion components
|19 Dec 2008
|24 Jun 2010
|Glen Harold Kirby
|Cmas mitigation compositions, environmental barrier coatings comprising the same, and ceramic components comprising the same
|19 Dec 2008
|24 Jun 2010
|Glen Harold Kirby
|Methods for making environmental barrier coatings and ceramic components having cmas mitigation capability
|3 Feb 2011
|Glen Harold Kirby
|Slurry compositions for making environmental barrier coatings and environmental barrier coatings comprising the same
|5 Mar 2010
|8 Sep 2011
|Vinod Kumar Pareek
|Layered article
|26 May 2009
|3 Nov 2011
|Feist Joerg Peter
|Multi-functioning material compositions, structures incorporating the same and methods for detecting ageing in luminescent material compositions
|5 Jul 2012
|9 Jan 2014
|General Electric Company
|Coating system for a gas turbine component
|6 Feb 2008
|13 Aug 2008
|United Technologies Corporation
|Heater for the surface of a gas turbine component
|20 Nov 2009
|27 May 2010
|Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems
|Method for identifying laser sintering powders with markers consisting of salts of rare earth metals
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|14 Aug 2001
Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, NEW YORK
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Hitherto said:
On my machine (w98se & geforce2) EE fails to setup resolutions 320x200 and 640x400 in fullscreen.
Another sdl-based ports works fine.
I'm just run EE first time and completely unfamiliar with it. I don't ever know where output logs are stored.
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Quasar said:
This could be because other ports will give you a resolution other than the one you asked for if they can't set the one you're trying to use.
code:I_InitScreenResolution: 320x200 (fullscreen)
V_InitMode: using 8 bit video mode
HU_Init: Setting up heads up display.
I_InitGraphics: 320x200
I_UpdateVideoMode: 0xe0000000, own buffer, lock-and-copy
code:D_SetGraphicsMode: Set graphics mode
Couldn't set video mode 320x200
myk said:
The issue was not present in older versions of SDL.
Last edited by Hitherto on Jan 12 2009 at 16:41
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Hitherto said:
On my machine (w98se & geforce2) EE fails to setup resolutions 320x200 and 640x400 in fullscreen.
myk said:
but it's pretty pointless because, unlike Doom, Eternity doesn't use the DOS screen for anything.
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