text:
Diya Jalaye Rakhna
Muzboot Azm, Pukhta Iraday, Ilm Ke Diye Ko Bujhnay Na Dain Gai
The roots of education is bitter but the fruit is sweet an adage that defines "Diya Jalaye Rakhna". To educate one is like lighting a candle that rekindles other lights and it is what people like Sain Dino, Bano and Sassi believes in. A place where education is reckoned as a sin, the determined Bano is going to give her all to acquire a decent education. Her stark conditions at home also do not let her give up her passion. Her father and sister Rani are only two people who encourage her on her path of learning. While on one hand, Wadera Sarang, a feudal is absolutely against educating boys and girls because he wants to rule on people, and illiteracy leads to submissiveness. He spreads negativity among the villagers against educating girls and relates it to be a sign of Resurrection.
On the other hand, Sassi, a teacher who is a ray of hope in the one and only school of her village situated in interior Sind, she has also gone through the painful experience of abduction by the people of Wadera. Though Sassis determination do not let her give in.
Bano, Sassi along with schools headmaster Sayein Deeno are those people who stand like a pillar to all the bigotry and resistance from Wadera Sarang, and thus do not compromise over education at any cost.
Cast:Salahuddin Tinu, Ahson Balach, Amir Qureshi, Rung Ali,Sadaf Bhutto, Tahira Bhutto, Israr Laghari, Nasreen Naz, Ismail Chandio, Rehana Tabasum.
Writer: Maheen Shakil
Director: farooq Rind
Producer: Six Sigma Entertainment
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Post your comments for Diya Jalaye Rakhna
24 Comments
Best drama ever seen ...
by Ali
ye darama meri zendagi hia i lov diya jalay rakhna ...
by muhommad saleem
mujy ya drama boht pasand ha lakin light na hony ki waja sa kam hidekh pata hn magr ya drama boht acha ha ...
by ali nawawz
Me Geo Sirf isi Drame ki Waja se lagata hoon. Or Drame ache hi Nahi Lagte.Sirf wo Dramas Me Pasand krta Hoon jo k Hamari Sakafat ko Ujagar krte Hain. i mean Desi Dramas..!!! ...
by Shahbaz Malik
I watch dramas very rarely believe me Dia Jalay Rakhna is the only drama I m watching interestingly and wait very impatiently i wait the the next as the episode reaches its end. Geo Entertainment really deserves congratulation on presenting such a good drama serial. Keep it up Geo Entertainment. ...
by Rustam Baloch
so nice drama too gud ...
by numan tariq
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What the Bible Says About
BibViz Project - Bible Contradictions
Skeptic Sources
Apologist Sources
304. Is Salvation by faith alone?
Salvation is by faith alone.
He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be damned. Mark 16:16
Salvation is not by faith alone.
For you render to each one according to his works. Psalm 62:12


text:
Originally posted on Pro Sports Daily | Last updated 12/15/12
NEW YORK -- The Brooklyn Nets managed to blow an early double-digit lead Friday, this time a 17-point second quarter advantage. But they somehow found a way to pull out a 107-105 win in double overtime over the visiting Detroit Pistons, thanks to the heroics of shooting guard Joe Johnson. Johnson, acquired in the offseason in a multi-player trade with the Atlanta Hawks, was back to his old self, scoring 27 points, including two huge shots in the second overtime, the second one coming from 19 feet out at the buzzer, giving the Nets the victory. Johnson, who had 23 points to lead the Nets to a win in Toronto on Wednesday night, first hit a floating jumper in the lane that gave the Nets a 105-103 lead with 26.1 seconds in the second overtime. But Kyle Singler had a rebound basket for the Pistons with 11 seconds left to tie the game a final time at 105-105. The Nets called time out and set up the play for Johnson. "It was no secret that we were going to give Joe the ball and r...
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text:
Software Developer
Russia - Tests: 4
I am seeking a projects which my experience and skills can be more full realized. Positions which fall within the score of my goals and abilites are: - client-server application designer; - windows-based application developer; - database designer; My record is one increased responsibility, variety in job assignment and solid accomplishment. My experience and skills are in problem solving, coordinating resources, data processing and support activities. For more details, see the website: http://vikamek.com


text:
Submitting Weekly Statistics via XML file.
1) Log in at http://web1.ncaa.org/stats/StatsSrv/login
2) Enter you user name and password.
3) You will see the Form Options available.
4) Click on the appropriate link labeled, Wkly Rpt, under the sport you wish to submit. Do not enter the record to date. Your xml file will calculate your W-L record. You MUST ENTER your win streak and unbeaten streak (if applicable). Click the XML Button.
5) Click the Browse button and a file dialog box will open up. Locate the xml file you just generated and click Submit.
6) If you do not use NCAA org id's in your software package, you will have to match up teams in your conference. Select the team from the drop down list that matches the team on the left. After teams are matched, click update.
7) The first time you submit your file, you will more than likely have to match up player's names from the xml file to the roster submitted to us online. Once you match up the players, you will not have to match them up again unless you change their name in your software package or online through the NCAA site. Match the players and click Update.
8) The file will process. Be patient, this process may take up to 3-4 minutes depending on the number of users on line at the time. When the file finishes, you will see the screen below. Click the link on the page. It will take you to your W-L record screen. You will need to enter any Single Game Highs.
9) Your W-L records now are populated based on the data in your xml file. Click Submit to enter your Single Game Highs.
10) Enter your single game highs by clicking on the appropriate link along the left hand side. Once you are finished, click the "Submit" button.
If there is a problem figuring out how to fix the problem within your software package, please contact them to help you.
Cause: The software package has a team duplicated in its file.
Fix: Eliminate the duplicated team, regenerate your file, and submit again.
Cause: An attempt to use NCAA org id's in the file, but the incorrect id was chosen.
Fix: Enter the proper NCAA org id for the school through your software package, regenerate the file, and submit again.
Cause: Players with the exact same name are entered more than once in the xml file.
Fix: Remove the duplicated players from your software package, regenerate the file, and submit again.
Cause: The file did not generate properly from your software package.
Fix: Regenerate the file and submit again.
Tips to make the process a little smoother.
1) Use NCAA org id's when entering a team. This is beneficial for two reasons: You won't have to match up the team's you report for, and when you begin entering your game results, all of the teams will be entered correctly.
2) Do not change player's names from week to week. If the player's name stays the same, you will not have to match that name up after the first week of reporting.
3) If you use a PC, the minimum browser requirement is 6.0 for Netscape and 5.5 for Internet Explorer. If you use a MAC you MUST USE NETSCAPE 6.0 OR HIGHER. Unfortunately, Internet Explorer for MAC does not work with our system but you can get a free download of Netscape.


text:
of UK consumers know who we are and what we do
of UK used car transactions involve cars on Auto Trader
of UK car dealers advertise on Auto Trader
Auto Trader Group plc is a 100% digital business having successfully completed the transition from a print title in 2013. Auto Trader sits at the heart of the UK's vehicle buying process and operates the UK's largest digital automotive marketplace.
In addition to its business in the UK, the Group operates a similar business in Ireland through its website carzone.ie.
Auto Trader's primary activity is to help vehicle retailers compete effectively in the marketplace in order to sell more vehicles, faster. The marketplace brings together the largest and most engaged consumer audience, with the largest pool of vehicle sellers, listing more than 400,000 cars each day. In fact over 80% of all time spent on classified sites is spent on Auto Trader. The Group does not buy or sell any vehicles itself.
Auto Trader's market-leading position enables it to generate and collect large amounts of data on the UK's automotive marketplace and leverage its possession of such data to create a suite of products which helps retailers in the following areas:


text:
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Please enter a valid city, state or zip code
77 reviews | 4.3 out of 5
I bought this detector for my antique car which I suspected was getting some exhaust in the cabin. The possibility of carbon monoxide inside the car worried me. Sure enough when we got the car out on the open road the alarm went off! So now we are having a mechanic look into the possibility an an exhaust leak. So this device works and it is a good value.
This product is great for placement exactly where you need it. We had a new gas waterheater installed to replace an existing electric. Being that it is gas I felt the need to have this item installed so that if there ever were a problem with the waterheater we would know. I was able to install it in the room right where I wanted it without having to worry about cord placement, etc. Highly recommend.
it is now a law that you must have a carbon monoxide detector, and if it wasn't you would be very foolish not to have them in your home. it was very easy to install, and it was very helpful that the detector came with the batteries including. it was very easy to shop Walmart Online and will be doing it again
This is a great carbon monoxide detector-- reasonably priced, great design, not too large or too small. Would recommend.
The battery would not stay in place rendering the device useless. The only way it works is if you hold the battery in place with your finger--not exactly practical.
very good price for a well brand name.
If you have a fireplace or gas appliances in your home, you should have this product. I have peace of mind now knowing I have a Carbon Monoxide Detector in the home. Easy to hang. Follow instructions about where to place it.
The First Alert Carbon Monoxide detector comes complete with 2 AA batteries and mounting screws. The instructions have a template so the installer knows where to install the mounting screws. Just, mount the detector on the wall, install the batteries and one is ready to go. It meets the UL requirements.
Very pleased with this product and happoy it takes AA batteries, them square 9 volt ones are annoying. The installation was very easy and it came with plastic screw anchors with correct drill bit size info. Also it had a paper stencil to use as a guide for hole spacing. Installed easily, straight and perfectly the first try. Easy peasey lemon squeezy.
Battery would not stay attached into recepters and therefore didn't work.
Return it to the store, didn't work.
The detector is easy to install and test. It is a great value for the peace of mind it provides.
Looking for a) inexpensive, b) reliable, c) brand-name manufacturer, d) easy to install, 3) meets all California state requirements for CO detection/alarm devices? Look no further, this is it.
I'm glad I purchased this carbon monoxide detector. It was very easy to install and already came with 2AA batteries. It was also the most inexpensive I could find - a good value. The manual is easily understood, too.
the product comes with a 9V battery not 2 AA as indicated in the description. There was not a good fit between the battery and the connector. I did not feel comfortable that the detector was getting power from the battery. The test was erratic. Took it back to WalMart and got the Kidde CO Alarm, operated by 3 AA batteries. The battery compartment of the Kidde is well designed and it started working immediately. May be my product was faulty, I read other reviews and people were happy with the First Alert CO400
Both products are competitively priced and the service was very good. Thank you WalMart!
I bought this for my college grandson living off campus in an older triplex with gas heating. I wanted him to be safe. This detector is small, compact & should fit most anywhere. Of course you really don't know how this product will work until you have a problem. I felt if ever needed, I could trust First Alert as a safe option.
It was purchased online using store pick-up same day. Excellent service. Wal Mart is making this feature work for it's customers.
Got two of these mainly because of the price point which was far better that anything else. Seems to be pretty good quality, although the wall anchors it came with a exceptionally cheap. Included battery (a nice feature!) was a little difficult to install but not terribly. The alarm is VERY loud but lets hope that I'll never have to hear it!
Installed 16 of these carbon monoxide detectors in a lodging facility to comply with Health Dept regulations. They were reasonably priced and easy to install.
Good price and only needs two batteries verses three for the competition.
While searching the Internet where to buy the cheapest Carbon Monoxide detector, I ended up here. The price is the best I could find and after I received the dectors, they looked very high quality to me.


text:
Anecdotes to Antiquaries
Letter to Editor of Blackwood's Magazine (1817)
I found this amusing
letter to the editor in Volume One (1817) of Blackwood�s
I have just seen the
first Number of your Magazine on a table in the study of a
much-respected friend of mine, whose talents have gained for him a
distinguished rank among the learned and elegant writers of
I observe you announce, that a portion of the publication is to be
set apart as an "Antiquarian Repertory." As oft as you can procure
well-authenticated articles, connected with antiquity, whether they
are deemed of importance in the estimation of some of your readers,
or unprofitable in that of others, you will do well to publish them,
for �even out of the chaff a pottage is made.� But beware that you
are not �bronzed� and take care you have reasonable proofs, that
what you publish is authentic.
Now, in point, Mr Editor, I will tell you a story, a story
well-known, though, of course, not to nine-tenths of your readers.
Return to our
Historic Articles Page
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text:
"A tree has also fallen across the road and on top of a car by Kitchener and Lancaster streets in Kensington, though there were no injuries."
Related quotes
"I can't recall anything remotely approaching this in Lancaster County. There must be a force in a young man like this that is just beyond our comprehension."
"Lancaster obscures the results a little bit because they score so high, but I was real happy with our relays. They finished second to Lancaster, and I would think they posted some of the fastest sprint times in East Texas."
"I'm selfish. We could have been here when I played at Lancaster. I wasn't going to miss my friend win this. I've seen these kids grow up since sixth or seventh grade."
"We needed four bedrooms, a two-car garage. I wanted a separate laundry room. I'm from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, so I was used to open space and the country."
"Three years ago we made it (to a district semifinal) and lost to Lancaster in double overtime 81-78. We have to take care of rebounding and get the boards. We have to be able to handle the press and we have to play great defense."
"Lancaster never quit playing and kept coming hard, but something like that takes the wind out of your sails. We knew Lancaster wouldn't quit and they didn't, so that was big for us."


text: Two conoeists start paddling at the same time and head toward asmall island in a lake. Canoeist 1 paddles with a speed of 1.35m/sat an angle of 45degrees north of east. Canoeist 2 starts on theopposite shore of the lake, a distance of 1.5km due east ofcanoeist 1. A) In what direction relative to north mustcanoeist 2 paddle to reach the island? B) What speed must canoeist2 have if the two canoes are to arrive at the island at the sametime?


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YouTube ad-based music streaming rumoured to take on Spotify
Google-owned YouTube is reportedly set to take on the music-streaming world with a new service set to launch later this year, according to Fortune. The latest rumour comes after a report last month which claimed a similar music-streaming feature out of the company.
Google will reportedly use a YouTube streaming service to allow anyone to listen to tracks for free and at the same time be presented with ads - similar to how the video site works now. There will also be a subscription service that will add more features, perhaps ad-free access like Spotify, Pandora, and RDIO offer. Exact details are still unclear.
Some might question where Google's already- existing Play Music may fit in the equation. According to Fortune, it will continue to be pitched as a digital locker to buy and store music, while the YouTube service will be for streaming individual songs.
Google is reportedly in talks with major record labels to get the streaming service under way. A statement provided by YouTube to Fortune adds to that rumour quite nicely. "While we don't comment on rumour or speculation, there are some content creators that think they would benefit from a subscription revenue stream in addition to ads, so we're looking at that," YouTube said.
Given how many people already use YouTube for music, it might make sense for Google to roll the music aspect into one, full-blown feature. It's not clear if a separate app would be offered on desktop and mobile, or if this is something that would simply be offered on the web. Many record labels and YouTube already have agreements to offer ads on music videos - this could be taking it one step farther.
Competitor Apple has been rumoured for months to launch a subscription-based music service this year. It still sounds like both Apple and Google have more agreements to churn out with record labels before anything comes to market, but you bet we'll keep our eyes peeled for the latest.
What do you think of a YouTube streaming service?
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text: On Apr 5, 2005 4:15 PM, Henry Nestler <Henry.Ne@...> wrote: > This I do before "fsck" and "mount -a" does the job with fstab. > /etc/fstab is a link to /etc/fstab.colinux or /etc/fstab.reallinux > The trick is the remount Read Write, link the correct fstab and remount > Read Only before fsck does any jobs. > > # Switch between coLinux and real linux > if uname -r | grep -e "-co-" >/dev/null > then > echo " ### SWITCH to colinux" > mount -n -o remount,rw / > ln -sf /etc/fstab.colinux /etc/fstab > mount -n -o remount,ro / > else > echo " ### SWITCH to reallinux" > mount -n -o remount,rw / > ln -sf /etc/fstab.reallinux /etc/fstab > mount -n -o remount,ro / > fi Right, but the point of adding device aliasing was to avoid having to do the above for /etc/fstab. Other scripts may need to check if coLinux and do things differently under coLinux than real/native, but fstab should be able to remain the same if you use device aliasing. -- George


text:
Manoir des Doyens
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William, Harold & the Final Dimanche Roast... Boo!
... hold to your ear like a mobile and a narrator explains each scene, backed by music as you walk along the frame. The English version is narrated by a terribly plummy chap; he was ace! Fascinating hearing all of the explanations and the intricacies of the hidden messages. Crazy to think how much time and effort went into this storyboard and still blown away to have seen it... Really made my trip. We attempted a lunch out after the museum ...
DDay Tour 2
... worth the visit. We then proceeded to Pointe du Hoc and the attack of the Rangers over the cliffs. Fascinating area and the remnants of the war is all over. Bunkers, shell craters and wire is everywhere and the photos don't do justice to the cliff and attack. We then spent rest of day in Omaha Beach area. We toured the ...
Portsmouth to Normandy
... ship. We find our way to our three bed cabin, grab some much-needed breakfast and enjoy the views as we leave England for the Normandy Coast – following a similar path as the allies did almost 71 years ago to the day.
We get to ...
A 'finding a balance' kind of day
... medieval looking wooden buildings. It was buzzing with tourists as a cruise ship was in town. I was surprised at how beautiful the street garden beds were. A large bed full of flowers in all shades of orange and yellow. I have noticed this in a lot of places....it seems that tulips are plentiful in many areas - not just Monet's garden :) We enjoyed a couple of hours walking around before continuing our journey towards Bayeux. ...
Normandy & the D-Day Beaches
... caught on the steeple of the Sainte Mere Eglise church. He was shot in the foot by the Germans and decided it was best to play dead. Eventually he was taken prisoner by the Germans but escaped not too long after. Whilst on the D-Day beaches it is quite hard to comprehend the damage that occurred here more than 70 years ago. The beaches nowadays are peaceful places (apart from the raging wind that was crazy the days we were there) and in summer many people sunbake ...


text:
Up to date information about different topics
The German Egyptian Research Long term Scholarship Final Selection of GERLS Call 2015/16
The final selection interviews of the GERLS 7th call for the academic year 2015/16 took place from the 20th till 22nd March 2015 at the premises of the DAAD Cairo office.
96 candidates have been interviewed by distinguished independent bi-national selection committee and 45 candidates have been finally accepted.
The Egyptian Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE) and the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) are jointly calling for the long term PhD program "German Egyptian Research Long term Scholarship" (GERLS) for 7th time. This collaboration is a continuation of the academic and scientific cooperation between the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Federal Republic of Germany which has lasted for decades. The GERLS program is a successful outcome of the German-Egyptian Year of Science & Technology in 2007, which has resulted to four jointly financed programs between the Egyptian and the German side.
The GERLS program is offered for candidates, who desire to obtain or complete their PHD at one of the German Universities under the supervision of German professors. The program offers up to 81 scholarships for young motivated doctoral candidates and researchers.
Seven graduates of the German Schools in Egypt receive a scholarship from the DAAD and the Sawiris Foundation
A reception was held on the 9th of June in the DAAD Cairo Office in which the DAAD and the Sawiris Foundation for Social Development awarded seven graduates of the German Schools in Egypt with the stipends of their commonly conducted scholarship program. Only the best graduates of each year of the German schools in Egypt with an average grade of at least 1,5 are eligible to apply for the scholarship program.
"Our seven scholarship holders did not only show an outstanding school performance but also competed successfully with candidates from more than 50 countries in the final selections at the DAAD Bonn and won seven scholarships from 125 scholarships worldwide for Egypt. Additionally they convinced us that they are willing to contribute to the development of the Egyptian society and to strengthen the ties between Egypt and Germany. We congratulate you wholeheartedly and wish you all the best for your studies in Germany ", Ms. Mona Ayoub and Ms. Petra Bogenschneider passed the greetings of Dr. Roman Luckscheiter, director of the DAAD Cairo Office, to the scholarship holders.
This is the eleventh time that the international DAAD scholarship program "Deutsche Auslandsschulen" took place in cooperation with the Sawiris Foundation. The scholarship enables the graduates to conduct studies in a field of their choice at a German university. The program's main objective is to foster the talent of young people who, after having studied at a German institution, will be able to contribute to the development of their country.
"I particularly remember from the talks with the scholarship holders during the preselection that many of them told us that they would like to show the Germans the whole picture of Egypt. And this is how we understand your role: you are 'bridge-builders' between Germany and Egypt" as Ramesh de Silva, head of the department for culture and education at the German Embassy in Cairo, pointed out during his speech.
The five scholarship holders of the DAAD are Bassel Katamish (DEO), Aisha Elfeky (DEO), Maria Labib (DEO), Mennathallah Balbaa (DSB Alexandria) and Mariam Sobhi (DSB Kairo). In addition the Sawiris Foundation awarded two scholarships to Hania Elkersh (DSB Kairo) and Nour Nasr (DSB Kairo).
The DAAD and the Sawiris Foundation congratulate all scholarship holders and wish them all the best for their studies in Germany.
Peer Expert Symposium "GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC HOSPITALS" on 30 April
30 April 2015 the DAAD Cairo Office organized in cooperation with Dr. Mostafa Hunter, DAAD Alumnus and Chairman of the Board of the Healthcare Governance and Transparency Association (HeGTA) the peer expert symposium "Governance and Management of Public Hospitals". Representatives from several Egyptian universities, public hospitals, the Ministry of Health and the National Authority of Quality Assurance and Accreditation of Education took part in the one-day event.
After a welcome speech of Dr. Roman Luckscheiter, director of the DAAD Cairo Office, two Egyptian and two German experts shed light onto the different aspects of the topic during their input speeches and compared the latest developments in Germany and Egypt.
Professor Wilfried von Eiff from the Institute for Hospital Management of the University of Münster gave insights into "Governance, Management and Funding of German Public Hospitals". His input was followed by the contribution of Dr. Mostafa Hunter from HeGTA, who spoke on "Balancing Public Health and Public Asset Management, the Case of Egypt".
Dr. Monther Bajbouj from the Technical University Munich, Kinikum rechts der Isar added a practical view in his contribution on "Treatment, Education and Research, How to Handle Three Functions Simultaneously". Afterwards Prof. Abdel Meguid Kassem from Cairo University talked about "Health Related Research in Public Facilities" in Egypt.
The input speeches were followed by interactive working groups in which the participants and speakers discussed further details that are key to governance and management of public hospitals such as governing structures, clinical governance, governing medical research, funding mechanisms for research, setting boards of directors and boards of trustees, building institutional capacity for research in health management , developing knowledge transfer platforms between Egypt and Germany and integration with the private sector.
The event was closed by the presentation of the results the working groups achieved and by defining steps that need to taken in order to improve the governance and management of public hospitals. The DAAD Cairo Office would like to thank all speakers and participants for their valuable contributions.
4th scientific conference of the Ain Shams University "Towards a National Innovation System – Current Indicators and Future Prospects"
On the 28th of April 2015, the DWZ, DAAD and the Technische Universität München took part in 4th scientific conference of the Ain Shams University "Towards a National Innovation System – Current Indicators and Future Prospects". The Conference was organized by the Ain Shams University under the auspices of The Prime Minister, Minister of Higher Education, and State Minister for Scientific Research.
The goal of the conference was to provide an evaluation for the national march of higher education, academic research, technological development, and innovation from 2000 to 2015 and to present initiatives to build scientific and technological capacities nationally and internationally through bringing together stakeholders from the fields of science, research, industry and politics to explore how the comparison and exchange of disciplinary approaches can offer fresh insights and spark new lines of thought.
The DAAD Director, Dr. Roman Luckscheiter, explained the importance of academic exchange in order to achieve the scientific innovation. "Students and researchers who have gained experience in international research collaborations are more creative and productive in their research. Therefore we have to support them as we are doing it through our mobility programs GERLS and GERSS, co-financed by the MoHE and the DAAD, or by offering training courses at DAAD Kairo Akademie", said Dr. Luckscheiter.
Egyptian-German Master Programs meet representatives of the Labour Market
The German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) in Cairo has successfully organized the event "Study programs for the Labour Market" which took place under the auspices of the Ministry of Higher Education at the Conrad Hotel Cairo on 23rd April . The event took place in the presence of H.E. the Minister, Prof.Dr. Sayed Abdel Khalek and Mr. Christoph Retzlaff, the Deput y Head of Mission of the German Embassy . Valuable contributions were made by stakeholders from the academia and the labour market, represented by the GIZ, EU Erasmus+, the Supreme Council of Universities, the KfW Development Bank and a representative of the REMENA program.
The DAAD, together with its Egyptian partners, which has supported Egyptian - German University partnerships for many years, could present an imp ressive number of collaborative master-programs in the fields of
- Energy Engineering
- Water
- Urban Development
- Medicine and Health
- Cultural Heritage
- Diplomacy
- Management
- Education
The program coordinators explained in very to-the point statements how their graduates are trained to be experts for the labour market in Egypt and the MENA region and gave examples of aims and strategies behind this high-class education for Egyptian, German and international students. Their presentations indeed proved, that they have already paved the way for a new kind of interdisciplinary and innovative curricula and learning methods and as such being role-models for interdisciplinary and intercultural learning.
190 out of a total of 500 students, enrolled in these Egyptian-German programs have already graduated and have mastered their studies either to become members of the scientific community or play a significant role in the labour market.
Following the presentations of the study programs, an lively discussion with the invited firms, governmental organizations, foundations and other representatives of the labour market created a good networking atmosphere and was substantial for further trust to be built among all participants. The conference ended with a discussion about the further needs for more cooperation, moderated b y Dr. Roman Luckscheiter, head of DAAD Cairo office. The DAAD was glad having successfully initiated a more sustainable future of the study programs and will continue to encourage investments and participation in its efforts of bridging the gap between academia and the labour market.
Papyri from Karanis. Voices from a Multi-Cultural Society of Ancient Fayum
On February 10 the exhibition Papyri from Karanis. Voices from a Multi-Cultural Society of Ancient Fayum was opened in the Egyptian Museum at Cairo, in the presence of his excellency the Minister for Antiquities of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Dr. Mamdouh El-Damaty, and his Excellency the Ambassador of the Federal Republik of Germany, Mr. Hansjörg Haber. Organizers of the exhibition were Cornelia E. Römer (DAAD, Cairo), Mohamed G. El-Maghrabi (University of Alexandria), and students of Ain Shams University, Cairo. All possible support for the exhibition was granted by the staff of the Egyptian Museum and by the German Archaeological Institute Cairo.
The exhibition is based on the volume Papyri Cairo Michigan, an edition of papyri that were excavated in Karanis in the last century by scholars of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, and now housed in the Egyptian Museum. In collaboration with Egyptian Universities C. Römer and M. El-Maghrabi edited more than 30 texts from those excavations. The volume highlights the progress of young Egyptian scholars in the field of Papyrology which deals with the history of Egypt over 1000 years, when Greek was the main language in the country from 300 BC to AD 700.
In the focus of the newly edited texts is a man called Socrates, who served as a tax collector in the village of Karanis in the 2nd century AD. By the papyrus texts we learn to know members of his family, and get a close look into his activities as tax collector. Other papyri shed light on the daily life of everybody in Karanis, which was a village in north-western Fayum that flourished between the 3rd century BC and the 7th century AD.
The exhibition will be on show till the middle of March this year, if not longer.
Visit to SEKEM Farm
On Thursday, 5th of March 2015 the German Academic Exchange Services (DAAD) organi zed a visit to SEKEM Farm for 20 German Wafedin- and DAAD-Scholars. SEKEM Farm is located on Cairo-Belbis desert road and has developed into an established international organization since 1977. It was founded with the idea of sustainable development and giving back to the community.
Awarded with recognitions like the Alternative Nobel Prize in 2003 or the Business for Peace Award in 2012 , SEKEM has helped around 700 farmers to shift from conventional to organic agriculture selling their products in several companies ranging from Phytopharmaceuticals, Organic textiles and clothes and organic food and beverages. Furthermore, SEKEM established the independent SEKEM Development Foundation ( SDF ), which is running various schools, a kindergarten, a vocational training center, a medical center and a lot of projects. The latest achievement was the establishment of the Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, which successfully started its operations in the year 2012.
Mrs. Yvonne Floride, a member of SEKEM since its early beginnings, welcomed the students and arranged an inside tour through the factories, the kindergarden, the schools and the medical center. She also invited the group to attend the weekly school celebration with impressive music performances of all classes. After lunch in the canteen of SEKEM, the group had the chance to take a tour through SEKEM's factory for children's clothes and hand fitted dolls, of which some are exported to German drugstore chains.
More information on SEKEM can be found here http://www.sekem.com/
Lab Equipment for the Pharmaceutical Biology Lab at GUC
On 27 November 2014, the DAAD visited the Department of Pharmaceutical Biology of the German University in Cairo (GUC). After being welcomed by Professor Abadi, Dean of the Faculty of Pharmacy, and Assistant Professor Dr. Iman Gomaa, Group Leader of the "Molecular and Cellular Biology Research Laboratory", presented two new devices, a "Laminar Air Flow Safety Cabinet" and a "Bio-spectrophotometer" which had been granted through the German Academic Exchange Services (DAAD), by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ).
Dr. Iman Gomaa, received a PhD scholarship from DAAD in 2000 at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) to work in the field of "Cancer Gene Therapy". After finalizing her Ph.D. in 2003, and although Dr. Gomaa, spent three years (2004 – 2007) of postdoctoral fellowship between Mount Sinai School of Medicine – NY - USA and L'Hopital Salpetriere – Paris – France, she has been always in a continuous contact with her former advisors in Munich, as well as an active TUM and DAAD alumni member. Upon her return back home in September 2007, she joined the Biotechnology sector – Pharmaceutical Biology department, at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology in GUC. As mentioned by Dr. Gomaa, the DAAD has always played a key role in building up her academic career at home. As in 2012, Dr. Gomaa was awarded a short-term postdoctoral DAAD scholarship for 2.5 months at her former lab in TUM, where she started a new research project that represented an extension to her PhD project. Dr. Gomaa was strongly supported by her advisors in TUM to successfully apply for an "equipment grant" through the alumni program of DAAD. She chose two devices for her lab in GUC, to improve research techniques and safety working conditions for her postgraduate students and undergraduate interns. After receiving and installing the two appliances, which were ordered in Germany and are worth 20.000 Euros, Dr. Gomaa was glad to receive the official equipment award certificate by the program coordinator "Mrs. Irene el-Khorazaty" from DAAD. Mrs. el-Khorazaty emphasized that it is due to the great initiative and follow up of Dr. Gomaa as well as the 10% financial contribution of GUC, that this grant was realized.
Dr. Gomaa explained that with the help of the Laminator Air Flow Safety Cabinet, the lab is now able to work under safe conditions on production of gene-modified organisms (GMOs). The Bio-photometer, allows the precise detection of nucleic acids and proteins concentrations of the GMOs in very small volumes which is required during the preparation of different types of gene delivery vectors required for cancer gene therapy purposes. In addition, Dr. Gomaa highlighted that she is now able to continue and expand her cooperation with her lab in Munich, and to teach her students the international research standards that would enable the establishment of strongly based and independent future researchers.
As a future vision, Dr. Gomaa with her team at the "Molecular and Cellular Biology Research Laboratory - MCB", are planning to continue working in the filed of Molecular Oncology for early detection and therapy of cancer, with a major interest to deeply understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the incidence as well as the possible treatment of oncological tumors. A long-term target of Dr. Gomaa is to find out a new ray of hope in the horizon of cancer therapy.
More information about the Pharmaceutical Biology Department and Dr. Gomaa's lab activities can be found under: http://pbt.guc.edu.eg/ .
DAAD Kairo Akademie Special Event "Face the Challenge: How to Strengthen the Employability of Egyptian Students"
On 30 and 31 March 2015 the DAAD Kairo Akademie (DKA) special event "Face the Challenge: How to Strengthen the Employability of Egyptian Students" took place at the Helwan University Campus in Zamalek. The content of the two-day seminar has been defined in close cooperation between the DAAD Cairo Office and the two trainers Mr. Andreas Eimer, founder and head of the University of Münster Careers Service and Dr. Jan Knauer, manager of the project "Employability" at the University of Münster Careers Service.
The trainers worked on up-to-date questions in the field of employability of university students such as how to strengthen employability in higher education programmes or building up a Careers Service with participants of 15 Egyptian universities and research institutes and representatives of the Ministry of Higher Education and the National Authority for Quality Assurance and Accreditation of Education (NAQAAE).
Other topics that are key in the current development of the system of Higher Education in Egypt that were discussed during the highly interactive workshop are the dealing with qualification mismatches the integration of company needs and alumni experiences into higher education teaching in learning. Participants analysed the current situation of employability in Egypt in general and at their home institution in particular and developed specific measures to strengthen employability at their higher education institutions.
The workshop took place in the framework of the DKA which, since its establishment 2011, has shown tremendous success by offering till date over 550 modules ranging from "Proposal Writing", "International Networking", "How to Present Scientific Data" to soft skills like "Effective Time Management" or "Teambuilding". With about a dozen trainers modules were offered to almost 10.000 scholars in Egypt till date. Besides these regular trainings the DKA organizes various special events throughout the year, most of them targeting the management staff of Egyptian universities. For more information on the DKA and its training opportunities please visit the DAAD Kairo Akademie at dka.daadcairo.org .
Visiting ARD broadcast studio in Cairo
On November 30, 2014 a group of German students and interns of the DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service) had the unique opportunity to visit the ARD broadcasting station in Cairo and catch a glimpse "behind the scenes".
The head of ARD Cairo, Volker Schwenk, and his team did welcome the group with a tour through the studio. Subsequently, the members of the team introduced themselves and the work they are doing. Thereby, they did provide an interesting insight into the work of the ARD in Cairo, not leaving aside the dangers of working and filming in a mega city like Cairo. This has left a lasting impression on the participants of the group.
The German students have been very interested in the stories of the team of ARD Cairo. Moreover, the students and the journalists have discussed the authentication of pictures. Which images seen in television or newspapers can be taken as "real" or as "the truth" and which not?
The trip to the ARD broadcasting studio was a great experience for both, the German students and the members of the DAAD. Sincere thanks are given to all!
2nd IWaTec Winter school in El Gouna
"Sustainable Use of Resources: Water and Energy for Egypt" was the topic of this year´s IWaTec Winter school held at the premises of the TU Berlin Campus El Gouna from Feb, 16th till 20th. In a 5 days comprehensive program more than 50 participants with diverse backgrounds discussed about new developments in the water sector as well as the possibilities of combining water with new energy technologies. German and Egyptian experts gave lectures on the past and future developments in water management, membrane applications, different water treatment and re-use methods and the impact of water on ecology and health as well as the experiences with e.g. solar cell or thermal technologies for desalination processes.
Beside the lectures and discussions the participants had the chance the visit the water treatment facilities and industrial sides in El Gouna and some research installations of the TU Berlin. A Poster exhibition allowed the participating students to present their own research results. As the quality of all posters was very good the scientific committee had a hard task to choose the best poster. Finally the work of Mohamed ElQuelish on "Ammonium Removal using Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation" was awarded. It was an interesting and fascinating week with many fruitful discussions and all participants agreed that this event should be repeated next year, maybe also taking into account the amazing and endangered coral reefs right on the doorstep of El Gouna.


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Daily Notes for Tuesday: Hughes makes his 2009 debut
Updated: April 28, 2009, 3:15 PM ETBy Adam Madison | Special to ESPN.com
After going 3-0 with a 1.86 ERA in Triple-A, Phil Hughes is the Yankees' choice to replace Chien-Ming Wang, who was recently placed on the disabled list with a hip "injury." Hughes has long dominated the minors. Now the organizational brass and fantasy owners alike are waiting for him to translate that potential into performance at the major league level. He won't be eased into anything, either, as he faces the tough Tigers offense on the road.
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Page 1
Journal of Refractive Surgery Volume 25 December 2009
Initial Clinical Evaluation of an Intraocular
Femtosecond Laser in Cataract Surgery
Zoltan Nagy, MD; Agnes Takacs, MD; Tamas Filkorn, MD; Melvin Sarayba, MD
From the 1st Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest,
Hungary (Nagy, Takacs, Filkorn); and LenSx Lasers Inc, Aliso Viejo, Calif
Dr Nagy is a paid consultant to LenSx Lasers Inc. Dr Sarayba is an employee
of LenSx Lasers Inc. Drs Takacs and Filkorn have no financial interest in the
materials presented herein.
Correspondence: Zoltan Nagy, MD, 1st Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis
University, 39 St Maria St, Budapest, Hungary 1085. Tel: 36 20 815 8468;
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Received: November 2, 2009; Accepted: November 10, 2009
PURPOSE: To evaluate femtosecond laser lens fragmen-
tation and anterior capsulotomy in cataract surgery.
METHODS: Anterior capsulotomy and phacofragmenta-
tion procedures performed with an intraocular femto-
second laser (LenSx Lasers Inc) were initially evaluated
in ex vivo porcine eyes. These procedures were then
performed in an initial series of nine patients undergoing
cataract surgery. In addition to standard intraoperative
assessments (including capsulotomy diameter accuracy
and reproducibility), optical coherence tomography was
used to evaluate human procedures.
RESULTS: For an intended 5-mm capsulorrhexis
in porcine eyes, average achieved diameters were
5.88?0.73 mm using a standard manual technique
and 5.02?0.04 mm using the femtosecond laser.
Scanning electron microscopy revealed equally smooth
cut edges of the capsulotomy with the femtosecond
laser and manual technique. Compared to control
porcine eyes, femtosecond laser phacofragmentation
resulted in a 43% reduction in phacoemulsifi cation
power and a 51% decrease in phacoemulsifi cation
time. In a small series of human clinical procedures,
femtosecond laser capsulotomies and phacofragmen-
tation demonstrated similarly high levels of accuracy
and effectiveness, with no operative complications.
CONCLUSIONS: Initial results with an intraocular femto-
second laser demonstrate higher precision of capsulor-
rhexis and reduced phacoemulsifi cation power in porcine
and human eyes. [J Refract Surg. 2009;25:1053-1060.]
that corrects refractive error, performed over fi ve times more
frequently than corneal refractive surgery.1 Phacoemulsifi -
cation is the dominant form of cataract surgery in developed
countries, accounting for ?90% of procedures.2,3 Although a
number of recent developments have occurred in IOL technol-
ogy, the basic phacoemulsifi cation procedure has remained
largely unchanged over the past 20 years, involving a se-
ries of individual steps including corneal incision creation,
capsulorrhexis, and phacofragmentation.
Although highly successful, each of these manual steps
presents an opportunity for improvement in both safety and
effectiveness. For example, manual capsulorrhexis results in
capsular tears in approximately 1% of cases and has limited
diameter predictability, which can affect IOL centration,
postoperative anterior chamber depth, and posterior capsular
opacifi cation rates.4-7 The surgical challenges posed by nuclear
chopping techniques have hindered widespread adoption,
despite evidence that they reduce ultrasound requirements
relative to traditional phacoemulsifi cation.2,8
Femtosecond lasers represent an important technological
advance in ophthalmic surgery. Combined with computer-
controlled optical delivery systems, femtosecond lasers can
produce precise surgical incisions without collateral damage
to surrounding tissues.9-13 Since 2001, several femtosecond
laser systems have been introduced clinically and more than
2 million ophthalmic procedures have been performed with
femtosecond lasers, primarily for creation of a corneal fl ap in
LASIK. The precision of femtosecond lasers exceeds that of
ataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implanta-
tion is the most common ophthalmic surgical proce-
dure worldwide. It is also the most common surgery
Page 2
Femtosecond Laser in Cataract Surgery/Nagy et al
highly sophisticated mechanical devices, with fewer
likely collateral tissue effects.14
We evaluated a novel intraocular femtosecond laser to
perform key steps of the traditional cataract procedure,
including capsulotomy and lens fragmentation. Initial
procedures were performed in ex vivo porcine eyes,
with subsequent demonstration in human patients.
By improving the accuracy of the cataract procedure,
this technology has the potential to reduce complica-
tions and improve visual outcomes.
Capsulotomy Procedures and Diameter Measure-
ments. The accuracy and reproducibility of femtosec-
ond laser capsulotomy diameters was fi rst compared to
those of manual continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis,
with each procedure performed by an experienced cat-
aract surgeon (M.S.) in a series of fi ve ex vivo porcine
eyes with an intended 5-mm diameter.
The LenSx laser system (LenSx Lasers Inc, Aliso Viejo,
Calif) uses a curved contact lens to applanate the cornea.
The location of the crystalline lens surface is determined
following applanation using proprietary optical meth-
odology. A 5-mm diameter capsulotomy procedure was
performed by scanning a cylindrical pattern starting at
least 100 µm below the anterior capsule and ending at
least 100 µm above the capsule. Proprietary energy and
spot separation parameters, which had been optimized
in previous studies, were used for all laser procedures.
Following the laser procedure, a corneal incision was
created and the cut capsule was removed with forceps
under a standard ophthalmic operating microscope.
For manual capsulorrhexis procedures, a round cor-
neal marker was initially used to aid the surgeon in
creating the correct size and shape capsulorrhexis. The
porcine eye negligibly magnifi es images at the pupillary
plane (approximately 1.06?) due to its fl at keratometry
and shallow anterior chamber.15-17 For this reason, a
5-mm corneal marker was used to guide the planned
5-mm capsulorrhexis. Continuous curvilinear capsu-
lorrhexis was performed with the aid of a standard
ophthalmic operating microscope and a cystotome.
After creation of the capsulotomy by each method, the
cornea was excised and the diameter of the capsular
aperture was measured directly using digital calipers
(Mitutoyo Corp, Aurora, Ill).
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The capsu-
lar edge morphology of standard capsulorrhexis and
femtosecond laser capsulotomy procedures was also
compared by SEM. Five procedures were performed
with each device as described above, after which, the
majority of the anterior lens capsule (inclusive of the
capsulotomy) was carefully excised with scissors.
This anterior lens capsule specimen was then fi xed in
Karnovsky Fixative (2% paraformaldehyde/2.5% glu-
taraldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer). Samples were
then subjected to successive dehydration steps and
prepared for SEM.
Capsular Edge Strength. To compare capsular
edge strength following femtosecond laser capsu-
lotomy and manual capsulorrhexis, the diameter at
which rupture occurred was determined for each pro-
cedure.18 Following capsulotomy creation by each
method as described above, the lens material was
removed using an irrigation/aspiration device (Leg-
acy 2000; Alcon Laboratories Inc, Ft Worth, Tex) in
a series of porcine eyes. Castroviejo caliper (Rhein
Medical, St Petersburg, Fla) with rounded tips was
then introduced into the capsular aperture and the
unstretched diameter recorded. Because the capsule
aperture created by manual capsulorrhexis was not
uniformly circular, the average of x- and y-diameters
was used for this analysis. The tips were then slowly
opened to stretch the capsular tissue. The diameter at
which the capsule edge ruptured was then recorded
and the circumference stretching ratio (R) between
the stretched and unstretched circumference was
computed. Analysis was performed with a minimum
of eight eyes for each group, with a planned 5-mm
central, anterior capsulotomy aperture.
Lens Fragmentation. Porcine eyes from animals at
least 5 years of age were used to compare ultrasonic
time and power requirements between traditional di-
vide-and-conquer phacoemulsifi cation methods and
phacofragmentation using laser segmentation of the
lens nucleus. The lens nucleus in the eyes from these
older animals is consistently dense, requiring ultrasound
power for complete lens removal. In the fi rst group of
eyes (n=12, manual group), grooves were created with an
Alcon Legacy 2000 in perpendicular meridians. The
lens was then divided into quarters and removed with
a combination of phacoemulsifi cation and irrigation/
aspiration. In the second group of eyes (n=12, femto-
second group), the lens was subjected to a cross-pat-
tern femtosecond laser treatment to create four equal
segments. The laser pattern consists of two ellipsoidal
planes (6 mm in length) that intersect at the center at
depths starting 1000 µm above the posterior capsule
and continuing anteriorly, to less than 1000 µm below
the anterior capsule. Proprietary energy and spot sepa-
ration parameters, which had been optimized in previ-
ous studies, were used for all laser procedures. Fol-
lowing introduction of the phacoemulsifi cation probe,
the fragmented lens quadrants were removed with a
Page 3
Journal of Refractive Surgery Volume 25 December 2009
Femtosecond Laser in Cataract Surgery/Nagy et al
combination of phacoemulsifi cation and irrigation/as-
piration, with ultrasonic power and time recorded for
each sample.
The study was conducted in compliance with the
Declaration of Helsinki, as well as with applicable
country and local requirements regarding ethics com-
mittee/institutional review boards, informed consent,
and other statutes or regulations regarding protection
of the rights and welfare of human subjects participat-
ing in biomedical research.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the abil-
ity of the intraocular femtosecond laser to success-
fully perform an anterior capsulotomy and phacofrag-
mentation during cataract surgery. Nine eyes of nine
patients (four men, fi ve women) scheduled to un-
dergo cataract/IOL surgery were enrolled in this pre-
liminary study following preoperative screening for
eligibility and informed consent. Patients with active
ocular disease, poorly dilated pupils, previous ocular
surgery, or known zonular weakness were excluded
from the study. Mean patient age was 61 years (range:
48 to 77 years). Preoperative refractive data, axial
length, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth,
lens thickness, and lens density (0=very soft, 1=semi-
soft, 2=medium, 3=hard, 4=very hard) are shown in
Table 1.
After pupillary dilation (1 drop of tropicamide 0.5%
every 15 minutes ? 3) and instillation of topical anes-
thesia (proparacaine HCl 0.5%) or retrobulbar anesthe-
sia (using 1.5 to 2.0 cc of 2% lidocaine and 0.5% mar-
caine 50/50 mixture), the following nine procedure
combinations were performed: lens fragmentation only
(n=3), anterior capsulotomy only (n=3), and combined
lens fragmentation and anterior capsulotomy (n=3).
All laser procedures were performed using the LenSx
laser system. The lens fragmentation laser pattern con-
sists of two ellipsoidal planes that intersect at the cen-
ter with the height of the cross-pattern programmed to
provide a 1-mm clearance from the posterior and ante-
rior lens surface. The height of the cylindrical pattern
to perform capsulotomy was programmed at least 100
µm below and above the anterior capsule, with a diam-
eter setting of 4.5 mm for both patterns. Proprietary en-
ergy and spot separation parameters, which had been
optimized in previous studies, were used for all laser
procedures. After programming, the surgical pattern
was centered by the surgeon (Z.N.) in the dilated pu-
pil and initiated using the footswitch, with combined
fragmentation and capsulotomy laser procedures per-
formed in approximately 1 minute. Immediately af-
ter the laser procedure, patients were evaluated with
optical coherence tomography (Visante OCT; Carl Zeiss
Meditec, Fremont, Calif) to assess the laser incisions.
The patient was then prepped and draped for surgery,
which was performed using standard sterile techniques
and instrumentation. Upon removal of the laser-created
anterior capsulotomy, the specimen was laid over the
cornea and fl attened. The diameter was directly mea-
sured at two perpendicular axes using a Barraquer cali-
per (Asico, Westmont, Ill). Standard phacoemulsifi ca-
tion was then performed to complete the procedure. In
cases where laser phacofragmentation was performed,
the nucleus was separated into four pieces using gentle
pressure from the phaco probe. For non-lasered lens
treatments, a two-section divide-and-conquer nucleo-
fractis technique was performed to allow segmentation
into four quadrants and subsequent emulsifi cation.
Ultrasound power and time were recorded for each
case. Following removal of the lens cortex, an IOL was
implanted in the capsular bag.
Patients followed a standardized postoperative regi-
men consisting of one drop of tobramycin 0.3% and
dexamethasone 0.1% ophthalmic suspension four
times a day for 7 to 10 days. Postoperatively, patients
were seen at the standard intervals following cataract
surgery at day 1, 1 week, and 1 month.
Baseline Characteristics of Nine Eyes That Underwent Femtosecond Laser
Cataract Surgery
Mean?SD MedianRange
Spherical equivalent refraction (D)
?4.70 to 2.50
Axial length (mm) 23.6?1.1 23.5 22.3 to 26.1
Central corneal thickness (µm)534?30.2 535 491 to 593
Anterior chamber depth (mm)3.4?0.5 3.5 2.6 to 4.0
Lens thickness (mm) 4.2?0.44.3 3.4 to 4.7
Nuclear density1.7?0.3 1.51.5 to 2.0
Page 4
Femtosecond Laser in Cataract Surgery/Nagy et al
Capsulotomy Diameter Measurements. As shown
in Table 2, reproducibility of capsulotomy dimen-
sions created with the LenSx femtosecond laser was
signifi cantly higher than that of manual capsulorrhexis
(P?.001, F-test). This signifi cant difference was found
despite physical marking of the desired capsulorrhexis
diameter in manual procedures, a step that is generally
not performed clinically. Capsulorrhexis produced non-
circular capsulotomies, with an average difference of ap-
proximately 300 µm between the x- and y- diameters. Cap-
sulotomies created by femtosecond laser were uniformly
circular with no measurable difference between the x- and
y-diameters. The accuracy of the anterior capsulotomies
created with the femtosecond laser was also signifi cantly
higher than that for manual capsulorrhexis (P?.001).
Scanning Electron Microscopy. Recent studies suggest
that edge morphology may predict capsular edge strength
and resistance to capsular tears, with smooth regular edges
being the most favorable.18 As seen in Figure 1, which
shows representative images of manual capsulorrhexis
and LenSx capsulotomies (at 10? and 300? magnifi ca-
tions), the edge features of the laser capsulotomy were at
least as smooth as those of the manual capsulorrhexis.
Capsular Edge Strength. Results of the stretching
test for both capsulotomy techniques are shown in
Table 3. The stretching ratio of capsule apertures created
by the LenSx femtosecond laser was greater than that
Capsulotomy Diameter Comparison for 5-mm Intended Capsulorrhexis
in Ex Vivo Porcine Eyes
Mean?SD (Range) [95% CI]
Measured Axis Manual Capsulorrhexis (n=12) LenSx Femtosecond Laser (n=10)
X-diameter5.76?0.72 (4.71 to 6.80) [5.30-6.21]5.02?0.04 (4.94 to 5.07) [4.99-5.05]
Y-diameter6.00?0.81 (4.90 to 7.39) [5.48-6.51]5.02?0.04 (4.94 to 5.07) [4.99-5.05]
Mean diameter5.88?0.73 (4.88 to 6.83) [5.42-6.34]5.02?0.04 (4.94 to 5.07) [4.99-5.05]
Mean error (%) (mm)0.88 (17.6)0.02 (0.4)
SD = one standard deviation, CI= confidence interval
Figure 1. Scanning electron microscopy
of capsulotomies in porcine eyes created
manually by the surgeon and those created
with the LenSx femtosecond laser.
Page 5
Journal of Refractive Surgery Volume 25 December 2009
Femtosecond Laser in Cataract Surgery/Nagy et al
created by manual anterior capsulotomy (P?.001), with
the values for manual capsulorrhexis similar to those
found in other reports.18
Phacofragmentation. As seen in Figure 2, aver-
age phaco power was reduced 43% (P?.001) in eyes
undergoing phacofragmentation, with a 51% reduc-
tion in effective phaco time (P?.001).
Capsulotomy Creation. Isolated capsulotomy was
performed in three eyes, with an additional three eyes
undergoing combined laser capsulotomy and fragmen-
tation procedures. Laser capsulotomy procedures used
the same cylindrical pattern as evaluated in porcine
eyes. Optical coherence tomography performed imme-
diately after laser treatment revealed a complete cut
edge in all scanned meridians, with slight retraction of
the cut edge (Fig 3).
The anterior capsulotomy was complete in all eyes
and did not require the use of scissors to cut any intact
portion. No radial tears were observed after any of the
procedures. In all cases, the achieved diameter of the
specimen (in both axes) equaled the intended diam-
eter to within the accuracy of the caliper, producing a
mean diameter error of 0.0 mm.
Phacofragmentation. Laser procedures were per-
formed in three eyes, with an additional three eyes un-
dergoing combined laser capsulotomy and fragmenta-
tion procedures. Laser fragmentation procedures used
the same cross-pattern as evaluated in porcine eyes.
Optical coherence tomography performed immediately
after laser treatment (see Fig 3) demonstrated that the
laser fragmentation pattern was effectively delivered,
with division of the nucleus into smaller segments eas-
ily performed prior to phacoemulsifi cation (Fig 4).
Lens removal was uneventful in all eyes, with suc-
cessful IOL implantation. The IOL was centered in all
study eyes, and no posterior capsule tears were ob-
served. The surgeon determined that all capsulotomies
were well-centered based on visual inspection with
the operating microscope. Lenses that received laser
fragmentation were easily divided into segments, with
decreased phaco power/time requirements to complete
the lens removal than eyes not undergoing laser phaco-
Postoperative Slit-lamp Findings. Trace to mild cor-
neal edema was observed in seven of the nine study
eyes at day 1, consistent with standard procedures per-
formed by the same surgeon. In each of these cases,
edema was completely resolved at 1-week follow-up.
No corneal abrasions were observed following the
laser procedure or during postoperative follow-up.
Trace anterior chamber cells and fl are were pres-
ent in six eyes at day 1 follow-up. These observations
were again consistent with standard procedures per-
formed by the same surgeon, with complete resolu-
tion by 1 week in all eyes. Preoperatively and through
Tissue Stretching Test Results in
Porcine Eyes for Capsule Apertures
Created by Manual Capsulorrhexis
and LenSx Femtosecond Laser
Circumference Stretching
Ratio (Mean?SD, Range)
Manual capsulorrhexis (n=8)1.98?0.08 (1.84 to 2.09)
LenSx laser (n=10)2.13?0.03 (2.07 to 2.17)
Note. More stretching means a stronger capsulorrhexis.
Phaco only
Laser plus phaco
Figure 2. A) Comparison of average phaco power between the two
groups of porcine eyes showed a 43% reduction in the eyes pre-treated
with the LenSx femtosecond laser (P?.001). B) Comparison of effec-
tive phaco time between the two groups of porcine eyes showed a 51%
reduction in the eyes pre-treated with the LenSx femtosecond laser
(P?.001). Error bars indicate one standard deviation.
Phaco only
Laser plus phaco


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Jeremy Guscott Q&A
Among the topics making the headlines this week are:
- Who should be England's half-backs for the autumn internationals
- Nick Easter's hopes of returning to the England Elite Performance Squad on Thursday
- The impressive form of Jonny Wilkinson, who guided Toulon to victory over Cardiff Blues
- Edinburgh - semi-finalists last year - seeing their Heineken Cup campaign come apart at the seams as they are nilled once again
- New Zealand falling short in their bid to equal the world record of 17 straight Test wins
Jerry answers questions posted on the website at the start of every week - entries are now closed for this Q&A. This week's answers appear below.
Hi Jeremy, Toby Flood and Ben Youngs really put their hands up this week. There's been a lot of talk about who will be in the half-back positions for England come the November internationals. Who would you pick and why? Willis
Hi, I would start with Danny Care at nine. For me he has been the form scrum-half since last season and has, if anything, improved this season while Youngs hasn't been consistent enough. It's not all his doing because injuries have hindered him, but the worry about Youngs is his inability to let bad decisions by him or the referee go. He gets caught up in the moment and it affects not only his game but the team as well.
Toby Flood deserves to start for England, although on form Gloucester's Freddie Burns has pushed him very close. I would like to see Flood really dictate how the team plays, but feel he is up against it with [England backs coach] Andy Farrell's conservatism. I hope Burns makes it onto the bench. Owen Farrell needs to play more regularly at 10 for Saracens and get used to bossing a game like Charlie Hodgson has been doing.
With Jonny Wilkinson playing so well for Toulon, do you think he would still have a role with England, what with England looking to play with more freedom, had he not retired? Jonnymyhero
Hi, Jonny has retired after an amazing international career having achieved greatness and leaving all with fantastic memories. Throughout his international career he rarely seemed to play with the freedom we see him playing with now. There was the odd flash of brilliance like the try he scored against New Zealand at Twickenham when he chipped over the top of the defenders near the line, caught the ball and scored, that was brilliant. Jonny is certainly playing well enough for Toulon, but his age would have ruled him out of being selected by head coach Stuart Lancaster.
With England lacking a world-class seven such as Sam Warburton or David Pocock, what reasons does Lancaster have not to pick Steffon Armitage as the starting seven when week in, week out he is doing so well for Toulon and seems to be the standout seven of the Heineken Cup (especially ball in hand)? terryhenry
Hi, you make a very good point and if Armitage continues to play as well as he has done for the last season and a bit, Lancaster is going to look a bit silly not including him in the squad at least. I've said before I believe the policy of not selecting players playing abroad, except for exceptions, is ridiculous. Armitage held his corner against Warburton at the weekend and that's a good a measure as you will get anywhere in the world. Lancaster made it clear that he will never say never, but circumstances are not in favour of players abroad. Personally, Armitage would make my squad that Lancaster will be announcing on Thursday.
Hi Jerry, given Nick Easter's current form, do you believe he will be in England's Elite Performance Squad? Rugby Lad
Easter has been playing brilliantly for Harlequins at number eight and has done for the past few seasons, but he hasn't produced this form on a consistent basis for England. There are a number of reasons for this, England were not playing that well and don't play in the same way as Quins. He didn't appear to control the game and have as much influence at international level as he does at club level. If England had been playing well he might still be in the squad because you wouldn't bin experienced players so quickly. Ben Morgan has been impressive for England and is the future. In three more seasons he will be even better, whereas Easter might not even be playing.
After Jonathan Sexton and Rhys Priestland's poor kicking show from the tee (albeit with a fantastic performance from the hand by Sexton) does Toby Flood's all-round, assured performance against the Ospreys bring him firmly into contention as Lions fly-half, or is he still some way off? NJDevilMatt
If it were a week-on-week selection then Flood would have got maximum points for his display against the Ospreys and would be playing for the Lions this weekend based on that performance. I believe the Lions fly-half will probably be the 10 that finds his form during the Six Nations although coach Warren Gatland will already have an idea of how to beat Australia and which fly-half he would like to be in form to select. None of the current prospects has really had an international run of supreme form: Priestland was poor in Australia, Sexton has only just got the starting shirt and Flood the same. So, yes and no is my answer to your question; his performance caught the eye and brings him into contention for the Lions but no he isn't a definite pick.
Hi Jezza, away from the endless talk of a Lions 10, who are you tipping to get that Test 13 shirt? Another two tries from Manu Tuilagi puts him at the front for me, but Brian O'Driscoll oozes class and Jonathan Davies looks every bit as influential as both of them? Anyone outside these three catching your eye? Sarre d_camel
For me a fit, in-form and hungry O'Driscoll needs to go on the tour but I watched him get gassed by Gareth Maule at the weekend. That wouldn't have happened a few years ago. Jonathan Davies is a fine player and has the advantage of playing with Jamie Roberts for Wales. Tuilagi has that X factor; his explosive power is a huge threat and would cause damage against any defence. Jonathan Joseph has an outside chance if he gets selected and England play well. Before Scotland's Joe Ansbro got injured I would have said he had a chance as well. It's certainly a position with lots of of talented options to choose from. Scott Williams would also have a chance, but he's got to be a regular in the Welsh side really.
With wins for Quins, Sarries and Leicester, and their two easiest games coming up, how many English clubs do you see making the next round? TheLastKingofEngland
Hi, Quins should cruise through to the knockout stages looking for maximum points to guarantee that home quarter-final. Sarries are in tremendous form and their next two games against Munster will determine their future in the competition. Exeter have made their mark but won't make it. Northampton have had a setback but are not totally out of it, but it becomes harder yet with the two games against Ulster next. Tigers have kept themselves alive and with Treviso next should accumulate some good points. Sale Sharks are unlikely to win both games against Toulon. Quins will qualify, Sarries have a very good chance as Tigers do, but Saints, Exeter and Sale won't make it through.
On paper, Edinburgh have a talented squad, with players such as David Denton, Greig Laidlaw and Tim Visser, so why aren't they performing? There was little change over the summer players wise, so where do you think the problem lies this season? As well as their Heineken Cup campaign already being over, they sit a lowly ninth in the Pro12, so what would you say their hopes for the rest of the season are? Hardyaj
It's all down to those players believing they have it in them to deliver performances worthy of the reputations they've made over time as individuals and a team. To not manage a single point in their first two Heineken Cup games couldn't have been on the radar. Edinburgh had a reputation because of their performances in last season's competition, so teams will have taken extra care in analysing them. It looks as though Edinburgh haven't moved on, but believed more of the same would be enough.
Between the form of the Scottish Heineken Cup teams, the Scotland injury list and New Zealand's recent performances, do you think I am right to worry that the lower prices at Murrayfield for the autumn internationals are an invitation to a slaughter? AG
Although Ross Ford has said already Scotland can beat the All Blacks it will take an almighty performance by Scotland to achieve that. Scotland have never been favourites in recent times to beat the Kiwis so there's no pressure to do so. If Scotland can have an error-free match then they will give a good account of themselves, but a win is as likely as England winning the football World Cup in the next 20 years.
Do you agree that the Welsh backline is missing a fly-half with a bit of "X factor"? After seeing Kurtley Beale's great performance against New Zealand, I can't help thinking that the fly-halves Wales have at the moment lack a bit of invention and need to bring the likes of North and Cuthbert into the game more. Do you think we should nurture Matthew Morgan from the Under-21s for the future as he has promise? Will13
Hi, there are very few modern-day fly-halves around who have that X factor. Dan Carter is one, and Quade Cooper certainly has it in attack. Beale is not what you would call a natural 10 but has so much talent he can play anywhere in the backline. I've watched Matthew Morgan and he has oodles of ability but his slight build leaves a question mark at senior international level. It was just over a year ago that Rhys Priestland broke through at the World Cup so he has it in him to deliver. He can bring the likes of North, Cuthbert and Roberts into the game, but he needs to recapture that form.
With only one win from all the Welsh regions in the Heineken Cup something is obviously wrong. Do you think the central contracts would have helped? CymruPendragon
The Welsh teams don't have a cracking record in the Heineken Cup so it's not really a surprise, given the strength of some of the teams, that they've struggled. Having centrally funded players would make sense financially for Welsh rugby, as it would have done for England, but I can understand the regions' reluctance to lose control of their players. It's not a simple question to answer because we have come too far down the line of regions being partly independent, so to say having players centrally contracted would make a difference to the regions' performance in the Heineken Cup is impossible to determine. I believe if Wales (and England) had centrally contracted their players from the start they would have even more home-grown talent than present because the regions would have had more money to invest in the development of that talent.
Do you think the current New Zealand squad can repeat their winning run of 16 games (or go even better)? And, if so, who are their key members that they require to repeat this feat? Aong-uls
The All Blacks' run of 16 games was good and went through a Rugby World Cup which they won, but to do that again and go a few more would be hard. Dan Carter is key along with Richie McCaw, but I think Carter is more important because of his kicking. Kieran Read looks ready-made to take over from McCaw as captain, so leadership is taken care of. So long as New Zealand don't lose too many experienced players quickly they will always have a chance of getting back up to winning all those matches again.
Comment number 82. Posted by goodNumber10on 25 Oct 2012 18:03
also just in the view of fair play i'll point out like your list of two nz players, you haven't actually got all the non english born players in your list - your facts are THAT good.
Comment number 81. Posted by goodNumber10on 25 Oct 2012 17:27
ha! We established i was wrong about 20 posts ago as it's actually samoa, Australia, Nz, England.. ;) Waldrom was called as cover, but did not replace anyone, he was never IN the squad. Banahan was born in jersey, who align with any of the united kingdom countries - that's not me making it up, that's international law, and the same in any other sport. He qualified to play for England at birth.
Comment number 80. Posted by RespectMyRugbyAuthoritahon 25 Oct 2012 17:21
I have deduced from your comments that I am best to use small words to aid understanding. What are you sorry no for? Waldrom is still in the squad (which is what we're talking about) and Banahan is still not born in Eng! But even if I exclude them, you're still one more than NZ (if i count Mils), which makes your ill-informed comment wrong.
So sorry yes, your still wrong. Suck it
Comment number 79. Posted by goodNumber10on 25 Oct 2012 17:15
waldrom didn't go to the world cup was called out as cover and did not play, he was not capped until last summer. Banahan is from the channel isles which is part of the united kingdom but aligned to all four countries... so sorry no.
which leaves Tuilaig Hape, hartley Corbisiero and Armitage.
Comment number 78. Posted by RespectMyRugbyAuthoritahon 25 Oct 2012 17:02
You're right, Mils - who was subbed out of the squad due to injury - was born in Samoa. He moved to NZ when he was 2. You dont have time to do the wiki thing but you're happy making statements like NZ has the 2nd most non-national team at the RWC?? Engl had Tualigi, Hartley, Corbisiero, Waldrom, Hape, Banahan, Armitage... All not born in Engl
I agree with your point, but your facts are wrong
Comment number 77. Posted by panamaroadotahuhu2on 25 Oct 2012 16:54
Just a firm handshake - none of this modern poovery.
If you think that's great I also had a big chat with BG outside Twickenham before the Eng v ABs game a few years ago. He was just waiting unobserved by the masses and I yelled out "BG". He was waiting for Dave Loveridge but I had to leave before he arrived as I was with a mate who was keen to get seated ( my mate is a Pom ).
Comment number 76. Posted by goodNumber10on 25 Oct 2012 16:47
Vunipola came through the england age groups systems 18, 20 Saxons and now seniors, no one complained then did they? change the record now, the rules are the rules and until they are changed england are free to choose anyone who qualifies, as are any other nation in the world.... as long as they agive sweat, blood & tears for the cause I'm happy.
Respect, i forgot ben franks - OZ
Comment number 75. Posted by goodNumber10on 25 Oct 2012 16:37
RespectMyRugbyAuhtoritah don't have time to do the wiki thin but off the top of my head i can tell you now Mils Muliaina was born in Samoa.
I don't have an issue with them playing though, more power to them, my point in all of this is the same as yours if someone has lived and come through the system why penalise them for choosing the county they identify with?
Comment number 74. Posted by RespectMyRugbyAuthoritahon 25 Oct 2012 16:22
That must be what its like meeting god. Did he bless you with words? Or did he simply glide by like a shimmering mist of rubgy pixie-dust, not knowing that he'd smoked you and left you clutching at thin air until he was over the try line/at Chancery Lane? Did you touch him?
Comment number 73. Posted by jamesmathewon 25 Oct 2012 15:37
The Welsh team is half English...so scrap them too.
You must sign in to rate comments


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Class of 2008
Summer received her B.S. in Herbal Sciences from Bastyr University in 2005 and went on to earn her M.S. in Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine from the Seattle Institute of Oriental Medicine in 2008. Currently, Summer practices in the University District of Seattle where she works on a sliding scale basis and also accepts insurance. Summer also practices in Lynnwood at the Acupuncture and Chiropractic Integrative Wellness Center where she also accepts insurance.
Summer has a passion for working with and incorporating sound/acutonics, herbal medicine and massage into her acupuncture practice.
Summer's main goal for her patients in treatment is attainment of an inner-sense of peace, relaxation and unity with all life everywhere: Seeing One as the All and All as the One. She strives to empower her patients to continue taking steps on their healing path: Though the road to healing may be rough, believe that anything is possible!