text:
|Numéro de publication
|Type de publication
|Numéro de demande
|Date de publication
|5 janv. 2006
|Date de dépôt
|4 mai 2004
|Date de priorité
|4 mai 2004
|Autre référence de publication
|Numéro de publication
|Brian Tran, Guogen Zhang
|Cessionnaire d'origine
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Exporter la citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citations de brevets (17), Référencé par (19), Classifications (8), Événements juridiques (4)
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet
1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates generally to the field of XML node identifiers. More specifically, the present invention is related to self-adaptive prefix encoding of stable node identifiers.
2. Discussion of Prior Art
In XML databases with an object storage model, such as XPath 2.0 and XQuery 1.0 data model or DOM (Document Object Model), node identifiers are fundamental to operations including maintaining document order, searching, updating, and concurrency control. Node identifiers are assigned when an XML document is converted into an object model and stored into a database, or when new nodes are inserted in a logical XML tree. Existing solutions for encoding node identifiers can be classified as physical or logical solutions.
In a storage system that organizes storage space using pages and records, a physical node identifier is typically either a record identifier (RID) or an extension of an RID, depending on whether a node is a record or a structure within a record. An RID is a page number followed by the index of a record within that page. The entry with that particular index within an array indicates the offset of a record within a page. If a node is a structure within a record, then a node identifier usually consists of an RID and another index to locate the node within the record. An RID can be used to locate a record; to locate a node inside a record, it is necessary to have an RID with either an offset within a record or a slot index if the record has a layout similar to a structured document page. If such objects are stored in memory, physical IDs are usually memory addresses.
RIDs are treated as physical storage addresses for records. One advantage of using RIDs as a node identifier is the ability to quickly position a node in physical storage. However, RIDs cannot provide for document order of nodes. Because there is no parent-child relationship information within a physical node id, it alone is unsuitable for direct use in sub-document concurrency control, which typically requires the use of ancestor-descendant relationship information. A separate structure keeping track of parent-child relationships is necessary to provide for concurrency control. Another disadvantage is that physical node ids are used as reference pointers in parent-child relationships, making re-organization across pages of XML objects difficult. This is because moving a node across a page requires a new RID, and all references to the moved node would need to be updated to accommodate the new RID. Otherwise, a forward record, which is a record that contains an address rather than an actual record, would be needed. Because a forward record contains an address of an actual record that is physically removed from the current record, it is more costly to access in terms of input and output (I/O) operations.
An interval encoded node identifier, which is an example of a logical node identifier, uses a pair of integers specifying starting and ending positions and optionally, a level number (startpos:endpos, levelno). The start and end position of a node are either the logical offset of the start and end of a node's position in the text of an XML document or sequence numbers corresponding to node entry and exit in a pre-order traversal of the XML object tree. For two nodes, n1 and n2, with node ids (s1:e1, I1) and (s2:e2, I2), respectively, if the start position of the first node is less than the start position of the second node and the end position of the first node is greater than the end position of the second node, then the first node is an ancestor of the second node. In addition, if the level number of the first node is increased by one to result in the second level number, then the first node is a parent of the second node.
This type of logical encoding of node ids is commonly used in relational representations of an XML object model without requiring a relationship between an interval encoding representation and a physical storage address. In addition, such an encoding method is better suited for read-only documents. In order to deal with insertion and update operations, some sequence number spaces are typically left between consecutive nodes identifiers for insertions. This method produces a need to modify existing node identifiers when reserved sequence numbers are completely exhausted thus making it an expensive operation.
Another method of logically encoding node identifiers includes prefix encoding node identifiers. This method uses a concatenation of numbers (local identifiers) for nodes along the path from the root node to a particular node to generate a node identifier. Local identifiers are assigned to children of a parent are based on their sequence, with optionally reserved spaces in between local identifiers for future insertions. Prefix-encoded identifiers are used for document ordering, ancestor-descendant and parent-child relationships, and also for sub-document concurrency control. The method of encoding produces node identifiers that can be clustered. If a standard clustering index on a set of node identifiers is created, natural clustering will be in document order, or the order corresponding to a depth-first traversal. If a level number indicating the logical level on which a node is situated is prefixed to the front of a set of node identifiers and an index is created on it, clustering order will correspond to a breadth-first traversal. However, existing encoding methods create maintenance concerns when insertion or update operations are performed.
Existing encoding schemes are not well equipped to handle identifier maintenance issues in face of arbitrary insertions. Current research efforts are directed toward using statistics for optimal encoding and number space allocation for node insertion. However, statistics are not available for new documents during the initial phase of database population. In addition, the use of statistics to generate node identifiers cannot guarantee that an existing encoding method will be sufficient in the face of arbitrary insertions; it can only increase the probability that assigned node identifiers will not need to be changed.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,563,441 B1 discloses a program for decoding variable length codes and generating a binary tree that represents the coding scheme, a lookup table from the binary tree that can be used to decode variable-length codes having length less than or equal to a threshold length. The method comprises obtaining data that defines connections between a root node and a plurality of other nodes such that each of the other nodes is a child node that connects to one respective parent node, each parent node connects to at most two child nodes, and the connections between a parent node and its respective child nodes are associated with either of two binary values. A node that does not connect to any child node is a leaf node and the system obtains data that defines a respective value for each leaf node; generating a binary tree data structure representing the root node and the other nodes with branches having binary values and connecting the nodes according to the data that defines connections. No valid code is the prefix of any other valid code; and therefore the codes are such that a stream of encoded information can be parsed unambiguously into codes without requiring any special symbols or controls to mark the boundary between codes.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,587,057 B2 discloses high performance memory efficient variable-length coding decoder; with code words grouped by prefix and recorded to reduce the number of bits that must be matched, thus reducing the memory requirements.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,539,369 B2 discloses a method for storing sparse and dense sub-trees in a longest prefix match lookup table. The sparse sub-tree descriptor stores at least one node descriptor. The node descriptor describes a set of leaves in the sparse sub-tree having a common value; and the common value is encoded in the node descriptor using run length encoding.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,313,766 discloses a method for accelerating software decode of variable length encoded information; with logic device which outputs a fixed length value corresponding to a variable length code received as part of the bits stream of the variable length encoded information.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,883,589 discloses a variable length code construction apparatus; with a prefix processing unit for producing a codeword including at least "1"bit, the prefix of the codeword having continuous "0"bits.
U.S. 2002/0145545 A1 discloses entropy coding using adaptable prefix codes.
Whatever the precise merits, features, and advantages of the above cited references, none of them achieves or fulfills the purposes of the present invention.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a self-adaptive and efficient prefix-encoding method for stable node identifiers. The method of the present invention is self-adaptive in that shorter encodings are used for a smaller number of nodes and longer encodings are used for a larger number of nodes. It is not required to have knowledge of the number of nodes before node identifiers are assigned. The encoding method of the present invention allows for arbitrary insertion existing node identifiers do not have to be modified when a node is inserted to keep node identifiers in document order. It also follows a basic prefix encoding method, thus having all the properties of a prefix encoding. However, the method of the present invention is unique in that encodings of existing nodes are stable, meaning that they do not need to be changed, regardless of the number and placement of inserted nodes. This property holds true because a node identifier is not modeled as a fixed string of decimal numbers, but rather as a variable-length binary string.
The method of the present invention utilizes a variable-length binary string to encode node identifiers in a logical tree of nodes for an XML document object model. A general prefix encoding method is followed; a node identifier is generated by the concatenation of encodings at each level, called local identifiers, of a logical tree along a path from a root node to another particular node. In other words, a node identifier is always a parent node identifier, to which a local identifier of the last node in the path is appended. Children of a parent node are assigned a local identifier according to their sequence under that particular parent node, and children of different nodes are assigned local identifiers independently at each level in a logical tree. An optional level number may be assigned to nodes based on the logical level in a tree structure on which a node is situation. A root node of a logical tree is assigned a local identifier of zero, and can be ignored in the prefix encoding of all descendants. The last byte of a multi-byte local identifier, also known as a boundary byte, in an encoding of a node identifier has zero as its least significant bit and one as the least significant bit of all other bytes. Therefore, viewed as an integer, a local identifier or a node identifier is always an even number.
Insertion between sequentially encoded node identifiers is possible without change to existing node identifiers. To assign a local identifier to a newly inserted node, if there is no encoding between encoded node identifiers of a previous sibling and a next sibling having the same number of bytes as both siblings and being an even number, one is added to the encoding of a previous sibling, and a new byte extension ending with an even number is added.
The encoding method of the present invention is self-adaptive; for a wide tree, longer encodings will be used at each level. Unlike fixed-length encoding at each level, a shorter encoding is used at the beginning stages of assigning identifiers, and is extended as new nodes are added or inserted. Arbitrary insertions are supported without change to any existing node identifiers. However, skewed insertions lead to longer encodings. The use of statistics in the distribution of placement of newly inserted nodes decreases the possibility of skewed encodings.
In addition, the method of the present invention provides for document order when unsigned binary string comparison is used to compare encoded node identifiers. Any given node identifier is a concatenation of local identifiers of nodes at all levels from a root node along the path to a current node. Thus, it is possible to determine a parent node identifier by removing from the end of a current node identifier, one level of local identifier, by checking for a boundary byte having a least significant bit of zero.
The present invention provides for an increase in the efficiency of encoding and decoding processes. In this case, assigning an identifier to a node is an encoding process, and a decoding process determines node identifiers of a node's ancestors or siblings. The efficiency of this approach is reflected in the simplicity of the method and the lack of update to existing node identifiers. Because a node identifier is a logical identifier, a mapping from a node identifier to a physical address is needed, as with any other logical identifier encoding scheme. Two approaches can be used for the mapping of logical identifiers to RIDs (i.e., physical record IDs). A first approach is through the use of B+-tree indices utilizing a node identifier as an index key. A second approach is to use a hash table.
The present invention also provides for the support of sub-document concurrency control; for example, updating a sub-tree under a node, requires that an exclusive lock and an intent exclusive lock be used. An exclusive lock is placed on a node and its sub-tree and an intent exclusive lock is placed on a path from a current node to a root node. In support of concurrency control, it is necessary to have knowledge of ancestor-descendant relationships among nodes in a logical tree. Prefix encoding provides a way to easily derive relationships among nodes. For example, to determine if two nodes have an ancestor-descendant relationship, node identifiers of both nodes are compared to determine if one identifier is a prefix of the other.
Lastly, the encoding method of the present invention provides for a natural pre-order clustering sequence, also known as depth-first clustering. If a prefix is applied to node identifiers indicating a level number, beginning with zero at a root node, breadth-first clustering will result. A mixed clustering is also supported. To produce a mixed clustering sequence, for example, breadth-first clustering order for nodes closer in proximity to a root node and depth-first clustering order for nodes closer in proximity to the leaf-level; a level number and node identifier pair is used as a cluster index key for nodes closer in proximity to a root node, thus leading to breadth-first clustering and a fixed level number is used for nodes closer in proximity to the leaf-level, thus leading to depth-first clustering.
While this invention is illustrated and described in a preferred embodiment, the invention may be produced in many different configurations. There is depicted in the drawings, and will herein be described in detail, a preferred embodiment of the invention, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention and the associated functional specifications for its construction and is not intended to limit the invention to the embodiment illustrated. Those skilled in the art will envision many other possible variations within the scope of the present invention.
The method of the present invention utilizes variable-length binary strings to encode node identifiers in a logical tree of nodes for an XML document object model. A general prefix encoding scheme is followed; during initial insertion of a node into an XML document tree, nodes under a parent are assigned local identifiers sequentially. To generate a node identifier, local identifiers for all nodes along a path from a root node to a current node are sequentially concatenated, including the local identifier for a current node. Because a node identifier encoding for a root node is always zero, it is ignored in the concatenation. In the following description, a byte is used as a unit by way of illustration and not limitation to describe the encoding method of the present invention. Other units, such as a four-bit nibble, are applicable.
Referring now to
Referring now to Table 1, several local identifier extension mechanisms are shown. First, all possible node identifiers utilizing a base length are assigned. When all possible local identifiers utilizing a base length are exhausted, local identifiers utilizing a first extension length are assigned. A first extension length is at least one byte and may be multiple bytes. A byte or bytes determined by a first extension length are appended to a base length to encode further local identifiers. A second extension length may be used if a first extension is not enough to encode all the nodes. The manner in which different extension lengths are utilized after local identifiers of a base length or a previous extension length have been exhausted is known as an extension mechanism. When all possible local identifier utilizing a base length and a first extension length are exhausted, local identifiers utilizing a second extension length are assigned. A second extension length is at least one byte and can be equal to, greater than, or less than a first extension length. This process continues until all nodes in a logical tree are assigned a local identifier and ultimately, node identifier encodings. An extension mechanism is employed each time local identifiers utilizing a certain length string are exhausted, or each time a specified value is reached prior to exhausting local identifiers.
If a single byte were used for encoding local identifiers local identifiers would comprise 02 x, 04 x, and FEx in hexadecimal notation. As shown in Table 1, after all one-byte local identifier combinations are exhausted; any extension length may be chosen to continue encoding local identifiers. Two bytes are not necessarily a suitable extension length by which to encode local identifiers after all base length encoding combinations are exhausted; this is because the number of bytes necessary to encode a node identifier increases at a rapid rate for a large number of nodes under a single parent. There are 127 possible node identifier encodings for a one-byte length string, 254 for a two-byte length string, and 381 possible node identifier encoding combinations for a three-byte length string. By this logic, over seven thousand bytes would be required to encode local identifiers for a million nodes under a single parent.
The following sequence of encodings will be produced if a one byte length string is used to encode local identifiers and is extended one byte at a time as possible local identifier combinations are exhausted: 02 x, 04 x, 06 x, 08 x, 0Ax, 0Cx, 0Ex, 10 x, 12 x, . . . FEx, FF02 x, FF04 x, . . . , FFFEx, FFFF02 x, FFFF04 x, . . . , FFFFFEx. In an encoding method where a two-byte extension length is used to encode node identifiers until all possible combinations are exhausted, sequential encodings after FEx would be as follows:
FF0102x, FF0104x, . . . , FF01FEx,
FF0302x, FF0304x, . . . , FF03FEx,
. . .
FFFF02x, FFFF04x, . . . , FFFFFEx.
An example of an alternative extension is to start using two bytes when the first byte becomes larger than 80 x. The sequence of local identifiers would be as follows: 02 x, 04 x, . . . , 7Ex, 80 x, 8102 x, . . . , 81FEx, 82 x, 8302 x, . . . , FFFEx.
From Table 1, it can be seen that there are encoding efficiency tradeoffs in regards to the selection of a base length with which to start local identifier encoding and as to the selection of an extension length by which to increase the length of encodings.
Shown in
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In the first case, if the length of the local identifier of node i 410 is equal to the length of the local identifier of node j 414, then if i+2<j, there is space between the local identifier of i and the local identifier of j to add another local identifier 412. A local identifier for newly inserted node 412 takes on a value of i+2 or an even number equal or close to (i+j)/2 to take the midpoint between the values of the local identifier of node i 410 and the local identifier of node j 414. Otherwise, if the length of the local identifier of node i 410 is equal to the length of local identifier of node j 414 and i+2=j, then the current length of encodings is extended with at least one byte, depending on a chosen extension mechanism. The length of a new local identifier is the length of the local identifier of node j in addition to a maximum of a chosen extension length, and the value of a local identifier for a newly inserted node for the first i bytes is i+1, and in the case of a single unit extension length, the new byte can be 02 x, 80 x, or any even number having one unit of length.
For example, if a local identifier for node i 410 is 12 x and a local identifier for node j 414 is 16 x, then 14 x may be used as a local identifier for newly inserted node 412. If a local identifier for node i 410 is 12 x and a local identifier for node j 414 is 14 x, then a local identifier for a newly inserted node 412 can be 1302 x or 1380 x.
In the second case, where the string length of a local identifier of node i 410 is less than the string length of a local identifier of node j 414, then it is determined if a local identifier for node i 410 is the last available identifier with the same length that is smaller in value than a local identifier for node j 414. If such is not the case, the next available number having the same string length as the local identifier for node i 410 can be used to encode a node identifier for a newly inserted node 412. If a local identifier for node i 410 is the last encoding with the same length that is smaller than a local identifier for node j 414, then if a local identifier for node j 414 is not the first available encoding having the same length that is greater in value than a local identifier for node i 410, a local identifier encoding smaller in value than a local identifier for node j 414 having a string length equal to the string length of a node identifier of node j 414 is generated and assigned. Otherwise, the last byte of the local identifier of node j 414 is changed to 01 x to generate a local identifier for a newly inserted node 412 and extended by at least one byte having an even number. A one-byte extension may take on a minimum value of 02 x or another arbitrary even number, for example 80 x, to leave spaces between local identifiers for future node insertions.
For example, if a local identifier for node i 410 is 12 x and local identifier for node j 414 is 1580 x, 14 x can be used to assign a local identifier to a node inserted 412 between node i 410 and node j 414. If a local identifier of node i 410 is 12 x and a local identifier of node j 414 is 1380 x, then 1340 x can be used to encode a local identifier for a newly inserted node 412. If a local identifier for node i 410 is 12 x and a local identifier for node j 414 is 1302 x, then 130180 x can be used to assign a local identifier to a newly inserted node 412. If a local identifier for node i 410 is 12 x and local identifier for node j 414 is 130102 x, then 13010180 x can be used to assign a local identifier to a newly inserted node 412.
In the third case, if the string length of a local identifier for node i 410 is greater than the string length of a local identifier for node j 414, then if a local identifier for node j 414 is not the smallest encoding value with the same length that is greater than i in value, then a local identifier with a smaller value than a local identifier for node j 414 with the same length is assigned. Otherwise, if a local identifier for node i 410 is not the largest encoding value with the same length that is smaller than a local identifier for node i, one of the larger values are used to encode a local identifier for the newly inserted node 412. Otherwise, a new identifier is created by taking a local identifier for node i 414 and extending it by an extension length; by setting the last byte to FFx and the newly extended bytes to an even number, taking on a value between 02 x to FEx in the case of a one byte extension.
For example, if a local identifier for node i 410 is 1180 x and a local identifier for node j 414 is 14 x, then 12 x can be used to encode a local identifier for a newly inserted node 412. If a local identifier for node i 410 is 1380 x and local identifier for node j 414 is 14 x, 13AOx can be used to encode a newly inserted node 412. If a local identifier for node i 410 is 13FEx and a local identifier for node j 414 is 14 x, there is no even number in between the identifiers of node i 410 and node j 414. Thus, 13FF02 x or 13FF80 is used to encode a newly inserted node 412. If a local identifier for node i 410 is 13FFFEx and local identifier for node j 414 is 14 x, 13FFFF80 x can be used to encode a newly inserted node 412 locally.
In a third embodiment, if a node is inserted as a last child 516 after all other children 510, 512, 514 of a single parent 504, the method of the present invention is followed to generate local identifier encodings sequentially to obtain a next encoding.
Additionally, the present invention provides for an article of manufacture comprising computer readable program code contained within implementing one or more modules to prefix encode one or more node identifiers in an XML tree. Furthermore, the present invention includes a computer program code-based product, which is a storage medium having program code stored therein which can be used to instruct a computer to perform any of the methods associated with the present invention. The computer storage medium includes any of, but is not limited to, the following: CD-ROM, DVD, magnetic tape, optical disc, hard drive, floppy disk, ferroelectric memory, flash memory, ferromagnetic memory, optical storage, charge coupled devices, magnetic or optical cards, smart cards, EEPROM, EPROM, RAM, ROM, DRAM, SRAM, SDRAM, or any other appropriate static or dynamic memory or data storage devices.
Implemented in computer program code based products are software modules for: (a) sequentially prefix encoding nodes inserted in a logical XML tree; (b) extending string length of prefix encodings by an extension mechanism; and (c) assigning local identifiers to nodes inserted in a logical XML tree.
A system and method has been shown in the above embodiments for the effective implementation of a self-adaptive prefix encoding for stable node identifiers. While various preferred embodiments have been shown and described, it will be understood that there is no intent to limit the invention by such disclosure, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications falling within the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims. For example, the present invention should not be limited by software/program.
The above enhancements are implemented in various computing environments. For example, the present invention may be implemented on a conventional IBM PC or equivalent. All programming and data related thereto are stored in computer memory, static or dynamic, and may be retrieved by the user in any of: conventional computer storage, display (i.e., CRT) and/or hardcopy (i.e., printed) formats. The programming of the present invention may be implemented by one of skill in the art of object-oriented programming.
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Owner name: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION, NEW Y
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:THINH-VINH TRAN, BRIAN;ZHANG, GUOGEN;REEL/FRAME:014562/0864
Effective date: 20040503
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Silver Shops Directory Alphabetical Listing
Savannah Galleries
Specializing in fine American, English and French antiques.Member since 2013
Located in the historic district of downtown Savannah, GA, we specialize in fine American, English and French antiques.
Savannah, GA
Seaside Art Gallery
Fine Art & Treasures from Around the World.Member since 2008
Free Shipping on Jewelry within the USA. Ask us about our 9 month lay away plan. Celebrating 54 years in business.
Nags Head, NC
Set The Table Antiques and Collectibles
Selling elegance and whimsy with integrity and care
We are relocating and will be reopening sometime in May. Please check back in a few weeks. Thanks for your patience.
Appleton, WI
Sharp Facets Gallery
Purveyors of Fine Art, Antique & Estate Jewelry, and Items of VertuMember since 2015
We are always happy to entertain offers on our listings!
Greenwood, SC
Silver and Folk Antiques
Specializing in World Silver, Folk Art & Other Fantastic ObjectsMember since 2015
We strive to offer an eclectic inventory of Silver as well as early folk art objects, in addition to other fantastic antiques
Newington, CT
Silver by Patrick
Antique and vintage sterling silver, silver flatware, diamond rings and collectables!!
Sterling Birth Record Teething Rings and Rattles just added!!!
Santa Rosa, CA
Singer Galleries
Antiques & Appraisals Since 1981Member since 2012
Seattle, WA
Collections , Antiques & vintageMember since 2015
Our Shop includes Antiques, Vintage items, Collections, memorabilia and Watches.
Hertzliya Pituach,
Smith House Gallery
Antique and Vintage Collectibles from England and AmericaMember since 2015
Quality items at reasonable prices
Washington, DC
SNA Treasures
Fine quality items at reasonable prices. Excellent customer service.Member since 2015
Specializing in desirable jewelry, silver, art, porcelain, pottery, and glassware from yesterday.
Trenton, ME
Solvang Antiques
California's Finest Collective ~ Over 35 Years ExperienceMember since 2015
Save 20-50% on select jewelry items all October!
Solvang, CA
Something Wonderful
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Ripon, CA
Southampton Antiques
Antique American Victorian and Oak furnitureMember since 2000
Largest selection of fine quality, antique, American, Victorian, and turn-of-the-century oak
Saratoga Springs, NY
Stephen A. Kramer Ltd.
Fine Antiques
Look for great new arrivals!
Bucks County, PA
Sterling Island
We offer a selection of fine sterling silverware at affordable prices.
Manalapan, NJ
Sterling Sage
Fine Jewelry, Furnishings, & Antiques
An eclectic mix of wonderful treasures.
Greenville, CA
Stone House Antiques
An Eclectic Mix of Quality Antiques, Silver, Textiles and Vintage Items.
Check Back Often.....Great New Things Added Every Week!
Newtown, CT
Storey and Son Antiques
For your viewing pleasure a fine selection of antiques and vintage collectibles.
For your viewing pleasure a fine collection of Antique & Vintage Collectibles to choose from.
Bradenton, FL
Sunday and Sunday Antiques
Now in our 33rd year!Member since 2000
Welcome and thank you for visiting today!
Uniontown, OH
Susquehanna Antique Co., Inc.
Fine Art and Antiques In Washington, DCMember since 2014
Exceptional Selection and Value
Washington, DC
Suzan Dentry Antiques
Antiques and Fine Art:: Elegant to Eccentric
Welcome to Suzan Dentry Antiques!
Golden, CO
Sweet Tea Southern Antiques, Inc.
Distinctive English and French antiques, silver, porcelain, and classic Southern furnishings
Classic Southern furnishings and decor. FREE SHIPPING ON MANY ITEMS IN STORE.
Norfolk, VA
Sydows Antiques
High quality Oak furniture, L C Tiffany, country store collectables, and unique piecesMember since 2012
We specialize in oak furniture, L C Tiffany , country store advertising, and unique collectables.
Pierceton, IN
Sylvia's StoreMember since 2007
Portland, OR


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Best Western Falls Church Inn
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Travel Blogs from Falls Church
Week 1-Settling in to Bull Run Regional Park, VA
We are in Virginia so let's look at some interesting facts about this state.
Virginia was named for England's "Virgin Queen " Elizabeth.
Jamestown was the first capitol of Virginia and the first permanent English settlement.
Virginia was the "Birthplace of a nation".
The American Revolution ended at Yorktown, VA.
More Civil War battles were fought in Virginia than ...
Shelbos raise the alarm and head to the Capitol
... basement and Thomas having been earlier had told us it was an odd lift as you couldn't feel it moving up or down. We all got in the lift together, Dad pressed the button behind Thomas and then we stood agreeing with Thomas that you couldn't feel it moving. After about 5 minutes Thomas said it didn't take that long when he went before, turned around to find Dad hadn't pressed the button. Instead Dad had decided just to press ...
Day 175: Smithsonian and Capitol, Washington DC
... and tried a few different beers before moving on to an Eastern European bar. While we were in there the heavens opened and Michael found it greatly amusing to watch pedestrians run past in the rain getting absolutely soaked and looking panicked. Unfortunately it appears that Michael has contracted man-flu so we're back at the apartment relatively early for a good night's sleep.
Spring Break Family Reunion - Washington D.C.
... been the geographic center of the federal district, the Capitol is the origin by which the quadrants of the District are divided and the city was planned.
Officially, both the east and west sides of the Capitol are referred to as fronts. Historically, however, only the east front of the building was intended for the arrival of visitors and dignitaries. Like the federal buildings for the executive and judicial branches, it is built in the distinctive neoclassical style ...
I could be a DC Tour Guide!
... Rica until you've been there. Then you can actually get it. It reminds me of Burn Camp in some ways, because you just don't get it until you come there and see how wonderful the entire situation really is. I am looking forward to future Costa Rican adventures, and I hope I can continue to be a part of making a difference in a small part of the world. Thank you for reading, and please try to embody the "Pura Vida" lifestyle. For now, ...


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We had a great talk. At a certain point, I asked him how far he thought I could in go in his company. He said, "If you want to, you can get all the way to this seat."
Durant is an ambassador for this city. His successes are the city's successes. The all star appearances, the playoff wins, and the Olympic medal are as much Oklahoma City's as they are Durant's.
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But he hasn't really gotten any," SU coach Jim Boeheim said. "Rock got him one. Chris got him one.
As much as ever in his nine seasons in Boston, the Celtics have left strong impressions with rival organizations that they're prepared to barcelona shirt 15/16 away make a deal that includes Rondo, sources said. Boston has been engaged in discussions described as "serious" in recent days, but no trade agreement is imminent. Boston's asking price for Rondo remains "pretty high, probably higher than most want to pay," one league shoes football adidas 2015 official told Yahoo.
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2. The Rockets came storming back in the third quarter and tied the game, 74 74, by the time the period was over. The Rockets had runs of 9 0 and 8 0 in the quarter and finished by outscoring the Hawks 20 7.
Admission: free. The Sunday concert will provide a solid overview of the chorale approach to music. Chorale Christmas will feature contemporary works, some by younger composers who are starting to receive attention. Instead, the Hendo can hover only above a special floor and a skateboard style half pipe built with sheets of copper inside Arx Pax's warehouse.The copper is New prints for boys clothes 2015 a nonferrous material that acts as a conductive surface. Henderson said the Hendo has four engines that create magnetic fields, which in turn react to the conductive surface to create a secondary magnetic field. Each field repels the other, allowing the board to hover.There's a showy blue light under the board, cheap football shirts china but cheap safc 2014/2015 training gear and kits it doesn't do anything except make the Hendo glow.And while the fictional Mattel hoverboard quietly hums, the Hendo prototype is plenty loud.


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It's My Job: Widman's satisfying sweet tooths for four generations
Published 01/22/2012, INFORUM
FARGO - If you see a candy that's shaped like a circle with the letter M on it, that's maple. If you see a candy shaped like a square on it, that's a mint melt-away.Word count: 670
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Latest SSA Journals
October Issue of BSSA Now Available
01 October 2015 – The complete October 2015 issue of the Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (BSSA vol. 105, no. 5) is now available to SSA members and institutional subscribers online at GeoScienceWorld and BSSA Online. Click to view the table of contents for the issue. SSA members should log in to the members area and follow the link from there to BSSA Online to access full text or PDFs of all articles from the issue (log in with your SSA username and password required).
September/October SRL Available
On the Cover…
The Cascadia Initiative, a community-based onshore and offshore seismic and geodetic experiment, is the subject of the focus section in this issue of SRL. The map here illustrates the project's amphibious array, deployed along the Cascadia subduction zone and designed to study numerous topics including megathrust earthquakes, episodic tremor and slip, volcanic arc structure, and the formation, deformation, and hydration of the downgoing Juan de Fuca and Gorda plates. Using data now available from the experiment, the SRL focus section provides a snapshot of current research that covers various aspects of this topic, including instrument performance, seismic structure and tsunami studies, and earthquake detection.
[ Close ]
10 September 2015 – Volume 86, Number 5, the September/October 2015 issue of Seismological Research Letters, is now available online at the GeoScienceWorld website.
This issue features a Focus Section on Cascadia Initiative Preliminary Results, guest-edited by Haiying Gao and Susan Schwartz, and also includes:
- An Opinion piece by James D. Goltz, A Further Note on Operational Earthquake Forecasting: An Emergency Management Perspective.
- An Electronic Seismologist column, FractalAnalyzer: A MATLAB Application for Multifractal Seismicity Analysis, by P. N. S. Roy and Deepak K. Gupta
- An Historical Seismologist column, Two Hundred Years Ago the Dissertatio de terrae motu Mórensi and the First Isoseismal Map Appeared, by P. Varga, G. Timár, and M. Kiszely
- Fifteen electronic supplements (see the Table of Contents for links).
SSA members can access the complete online edition here.
Not a member? Join now to get immediate access.


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Builders FirstSource ReviewsBuilders FirstSource 8
Helpful (1)
"A great place for an accounting grad to cut their teeth. "
RecommendsPositive OutlookApproves of CEO
- Work/Life Balance
- Culture & Values
- Career Opportunities
- Comp & Benefits
- Senior Management
I have been working at Builders FirstSource full-time (More than 3 years)
Jeans and polos every day! But on a more serious note - as long as you're a properly motivated and self-starting worker, this is a great office. I initially did work under a supervisor who was incredibly kind and patient, but had a very bad habit of micromanaging. He was also resistant to exploring new ways of solving a problem. That changed when I transferred supervisors; my new, younger, more tech-savvy boss didn't care how I solved a problem, as long as I could explain how I arrived at my solution and he could follow my reasoning. This freedom to explore and learn greatly benefitted me. Not only did I achieve a mastery of some of the more misunderstood functions of Microsoft Excel such as VLookup and Pivot Tables, but I noticed that I was beginning to see accounting much less in terms of simple debits and credits - I was starting to see the big picture - how would this journal entry I'm booking effect the P&L statements of our field locations? If a location manager asks about this, how will I answer him? All told, this is truly the best job I've ever had. I know I only graduated in 2011, and have been working in my professional career since early 2012, but I can only hope that I have the privilege of working in other environments as forgiving and rewarding as BFS.
The finance/accounting department here is very lean. For around 70 field locations, the corporate office only has five staff accountants. While this does afford you great opportunity to gain exposure to a great and varied deal of material, it also means that there's little opportunity to advance beyond the staff accounting level. Granted, as of this review (06/2015), I am NOT yet a CPA. I understand full well that without professional certification, there's a definite limut to how far someone can advance in this field. That does bring up another con, if you view it that way. BFS doesn't offer any kind of tuition reimbursement program. It's my understanding that such programs are beginning to fall by the wayside, which is unfortunate given the expense of a college education, but I certainly understand it - just as I'm hesitant to increase my student loan debt burden, I can understand any company's unwillingness to spend that kind of money on their employees.
Advice to Management
All said, there isn't much I would change. This is the job I needed at the time in my life when I needed it.
Builders FirstSource Awards & Accolades
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If you're a new homebuilder, Builders FirstSource wants you to look no further. The company sells hardware and doors, windows, lumber, and other structural building products to construction professionals. Customers have included D.R. Horton and Hovnanian Enterprises. Builders FirstSource has grown through acquisitions to operate about 52 distribution centers and 47 manufacturing plants in nearly 10 states. The company was founded in 1998 as BSL Holdings by a management team headed by former CEO John Roach and private investment firm JLL Partners. Affiliates of JLL and ... More


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August 7th-9th, 2015
This weekend curling competition is open to local curlers, and individuals or teams from other curling clubs across the continent.
Teams are set, Bracket has been posted.
2015 Teams 2015 Bonspiel Bracket See Past Winners
Our Bonspiel is an "OPEN" Event. Bring a team or join us as an individual, couple, group of friends. However many curlers you have, members from our club will gladly fill out your team if needed.Kansas City Curling Club @ Line Creek Community Center
5940 NW Waukomis Drive, Kansas City, MO 64151
Bonspiel Chair: Bill McBride 816-523-2345
Bonspiel Details....
About KC....
Looking for a unique gift for your "significant other" who has everything in your life? Give your loved one a really big rock (40 pounds not carats) to throw this Valentines Day! The two of you will learn the Olympic sport of Curling alongside other couples. Receive a parting gift to remember this unique experience shared together.
Dress in active wear: layer loose fitting clothes that will keep you warm to 45 degrees and rubber soled shoes that have good gripping properties. This will be a night you won't ever forget sharing together!
This is our free annual event at the beginning of our winter season to introduce you to the sport. We just request you bring a non-perishable food item for Harvesters.
to create your very own curling profile


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Issue: Railroads
Issue's Views
- Today: 0
- Past Seven Days: 7
- All-Time: 8,223
H.R.3551 - Railway Inspection and Transparency ActReferred to the Subcommittee Nov 21, 2013 (113th congress) 7 Views
To require the periodic inspection of certain railroad facilities.
S.1747 - Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act of 2013Read twice and referred Nov 20, 2013 (113th congress) 5 Views
A bill to provide for the extension of certain unemployment benefits, and for other purposes.
H.R.3546 - Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act of 2013Referred to House Transportation and Infrastructure Nov 20, 2013 (113th congress) 11 Views
To provide for the extension of certain unemployment benefits, and for other purposes.
S.1716 - Building and Renewing Infrastructure for Development and Growth in Employment ActRead twice and referred Nov 14, 2013 (113th congress) 40 Views
A bill to facilitate efficient investments and financing of infrastructure projects and new long-term job creation through the establishment o...
S.1710 - Pets on Trains Act of 2013Read twice and referred Nov 14, 2013 (113th congress) 11 Views
A bill to require Amtrak to propose a pet policy that allows passengers to transport domesticated cats and dogs on certain Amtrak trains, and ...
S.1553Read twice and referred Sep 26, 2013 (113th congress) 2 Views
A bill to amend title 23, United States Code, to reauthorize the State infrastructure bank program.
H.R.3182 - Safe and Secure Border Infrastructure ActReferred to the Subcommittee Sep 26, 2013 (113th congress) 3 Views
To provide grants to construct transportation and supporting infrastructure improvements at existing and new international border crossings.
S.Res.218Resolution agreed to in Senate Jun 04, 2014 (113th congress) 2 Views
A resolution honoring the legacy of A. Philip Randolph and saluting his efforts on behalf of the people of the United States to form "a more p...
H.R.3040 - Safe Freight ActReferred to the Subcommittee Aug 05, 2013 (113th congress) 4 Views
To provide for the minimum size of crews of freight trains, and for other purposes.
S.1462 - Railroad Safety and Positive Train Control Extension ActRead twice and referred Aug 01, 2013 (113th congress) 12 Views
A bill to extend the positive train control system implementation deadline, and for other purposes.


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Leave a Review
Despite the high ratings I was skeptical about the flavor of this lower calorie recipe- I was totally wrong. It is so yummy! Only change I made was to replace buttermilk with lite soy milk (plain flavor). So glad I tried it, I'll use this recipe again.flag if inappropriate
I just made this again, and it is as tasty as I remember! I had 5 bananas, which made about 2 cups mashed, so I intended to do a double recipe in a bundt pan, instead of loaf pans. I used almond milk with about a tablespoon of light sour cream, since I had no buttermilk. Also, used 1/2 brown and 1/2 white sugar. I also added some coconut, pecans and golden raisins. I did forget to double the eggs, only used two extra large, but it doesn't seem to have made a difference. I used baking spray on the pan and turned it out almost as soon as it was out of the oven. Deeee-licious!flag if inappropriate
Delicious and light. I tried the recipe using turbinado sugar, and I did in the end add walnuts. Worked great!flag if inappropriate
I've been baking this bread at least monthly since the recipe came out in 1997. I keep buttermilk in the fridge just for this recipe. I've had it written down so long I forgot where it came from, until I came across it on this site. I normally don't bake low-fat items as I'd rather have an occasional splurge with the real thing. However, a few times when I've baked a "regular" banana bread recipe as a treat, I've been disappointed. My family and I actually prefer this version! It's so yummy, and I love not seeing a big blob of oil after I place a slice on a napkin!flag if inappropriate
Very tasty! Went with other reviews and substituted 3/4 of the flour with whole wheat and added 1 tsp of cinnamon.flag if inappropriate
I added about 1 tsp. of cinnamon and about 1/2 tsp. freshly grated nutmeg to the dry ingredients, to add more flavor.flag if inappropriate
It turned out excellent! I actually omitted the oil in exchange for a little more buttermilk and it didn't effect anything.flag if inappropriate
Fantastic! Made exactly as recipe said and it was neither too dry nor too moist. Kids loved it!flag if inappropriate
Great staple recipe for ripe bananas! I never buy buttermilk - make it yourself with 1% milk and add lemon juice, let sit 5 minutes. I also add 1 tablespoon cinnamon and choc chips. Enjoy:)flag if inappropriate
I make this all the time. I usually substitute yoghurt for the buttermilk since I am more likely to have that on hand. I use 2/3 parts whole wheat flour and 1/3 part almond flour - this denser texture tends to add to the cooking time. I mix 3-4 extra ripe bananas into batter, then throw in 1 cup chocolate chips and 1 just ripe banana cut into chunks, right at the end. I use butter to grease the pan for a nice crust around the bread.flag if inappropriate


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in this section
New Faculty - 2015
Welcome Nicole Benedek
Nicole Benedek can't remember a time when she wasn't fascinated by science read more
Welcome Debdeep Jena
Electronic devices have become ubiquitous; they are in our kitchens, bathrooms, cars, and even our clothes. As these devices have shrunk to near read more
Welcome Grace Xing
Silicon-based semiconductors have been of primary importance to the electronics revolution of the past 50 years. Professor Grace Xing is working on what comes next. She is one of read more
Welcome Iwijn de Vlaminck
Iwijn de Vlaminck, the newly appointed assistant professor of biomedical engineering, brings a biophysics approach to the field of genomics. read more


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There are many protected categories under the federal employment discrimination laws, but none of those laws mentions "sexual orientation" as a protected category. Versions of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act ("ENDA"),...more
On the heels of the landmark decision by the Supreme Court in favor of gay marriage, the EEOC held on July 15, 2015 that sex discrimination under Title VII includes discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. Even...more
Last month, in a historic case, the U.S. Supreme Court recognized that same-sex couples—like their heterosexual counterparts— have the constitutional right to marry. On the heels of this decision, federal agencies and...more
Yesterday, companion bills were introduced into the House and Senate seeking the passage of the Equality Act of 2015, which would prohibit discrimination on the basis of sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation. The...more
In a landmark ruling on July 15, 2015 in _____ [name of charging party kept secret] v. Foxx, EEOC Appeal No. 2012-24738–FAA-03 (July 15, 2015), the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ("EEOC') held for the first time...more
In its recent landmark Obergefell decision, the United States Supreme Court held that same-sex couples have a constitutional right to marry in all states. Many employers will have to decide whether to continue benefits for...more
By now, most employers are familiar with the list of categories protected from employment discrimination under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act: race, color, religion, national origin and sex. Additional categories are...more
This summer has been hot in temperature, but also in topics especially when it comes to balancing equal protection with sincerely held religious beliefs. A recent bill, Supreme Court decision, and Executive Order each show...more
Since 1974 – just 10 years after Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed – Congress has made repeated attempts to introduce and pass legislation that would have amended the landmark Act to prohibit discrimination...more
The Employment Non-Discrimination Act is dead again, so there isn't a federal law prohibiting discrimination based on sexual orientation. Is there any federal law on same-sex harassment or discrimination? If so, what is it?...more
Frustrated with Congress's failure to pass the Employment Non-Discrimination Act (ENDA) and consistent with his recent Executive Order to raise the minimum wage to $10.10 per hour for employees of federal contractors,...more
For several years, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights groups have been lobbying Congress to pass the Employment Nondiscrimination Act (ENDA), which would prohibit sexual orientation and gender identity...more
The White House recently announced President Obama's intention to sign an executive order banning federal contractors from discriminating against lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) employees. If signed, the order...more
Today, the White House announced that President Obama will issue an executive order that bans federal contractors from discriminating on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity. According to White House staff, the...more
The Employment Non-Discrimination Act (ENDA), if passed, would become the first federal legislation that prohibits employers from discriminating against individuals based on their actual or perceived sexual orientation and/or...more
Senate Bill 815, referred to as the "Employment Non-Discrimination Act of 2013" (ENDA), passed the Senate on November 7, 2013. The bill had bipartisan support with 64 Senators (10 Republican) voting in favor and 32 opposing...more
The holidays have come and gone. I hope everyone enjoyed them, and I hope everyone received the gifts and presents they asked for. I come from a big family—three siblings, 14 aunts and uncles, and nearly twenty cousins....more
As 2013 comes to a close, it's time to assess what happened and what didn't happen in Washington, D.C. during the year in terms of labor and employment law legislation, regulations, and litigation. The short version is that...more
The U.S. Senate recently passed the Employment Non-Discrimination Act ("ENDA") (S. 815), a bill which would prohibit employers with 15 or more employees from discriminating against individuals on the basis of their sexual...more
The Employment Non-Discrimination Act ("ENDA") is federal legislation that would prohibit employers from discriminating against potential or actual employees during hiring and employment based on their sexual orientation or...more
On November 4, the United States Senate in a 61-30 vote moved to continue debate on the passage of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act ("ENDA" or the "Act"). The ENDA seeks to ban workplace bias against individuals based on...more
Congress is currently considering the creation of a new protected class for purposes of workplace discrimination. The Employment Non-Discrimination Act (ENDA) would create a new federally-protected class of individuals:...more
In This Issue:
- Federal Contractors Should be Planning Ahead for the New Section 503 and VEVRAA Rules
- Putting the Pieces Together: How the ACA Impacts Health Reimbursement and Flexible Spending...more
Yesterday, by a vote of 64 to 32, the United States Senate passed the Employment Non-Discrimination Act (ENDA), which would ban employers from firing, refusing to hire or discriminating against workers or job applicants based...more
On November 7, 2013, the U.S. Senate passed the Employment Non-Discrimination Act ("ENDA"), legislation that would prohibit workplace discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity. The ban would join similar...more
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Orlando Magic v Miami Heat
LeBron James and Dwyane Wade of the Miami Heat look on during the... News PhotoAmerican Airlines Arena,Basketball - Sport,Dwyane Wade,Florida - US State,Gulf Coast States,Horizontal,LeBron James,Match - Sport,Miami,Miami Heat - Basketball Team,NBA,NBA Pro Basketball,Orlando Magic,Sport,USA,Waist UpPhotographer Chris TrotmanCollection: Getty Images Sport 2013 Getty ImagesMIAMI, FL - MARCH 06: LeBron James #6 and Dwyane Wade #3 of the Miami Heat look on during the game against the Orlando Magic at American Airlines Arena on March 6, 2013 in Miami, Florida. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, User is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Chris Trotman/Getty Images)


text: SDN Members don't see this ad. (About Ads) Hi, I've heard that undergraduate students can have a stipend for summer research projects. However, I want to know if international students are eligible for these stipends? If so, can you please refer me some universities or some programs proposing stipends for international students? Ps. I am in the Bio-medical field and I am currently a UCO student (University of Central Oklahoma) Thanks


text:
read it for yourself.
Sentiment: Strong Sell
Also, Franks specifically mentioned Google buying Youtube to get into the video search arena... and now Franks is getting into a company that's mission is to "develop a proprietary technology platform for pictures, movies and videos."
Mimvi has been called the Google for the new era of internet, and it looks like they're doing exactly what's needed to get to that point.
Sentiment: Strong Buy
If you base your investments off of Seeking Alpha articles, you should not be investing.
Have you not taken your meds today? If you had any amount of reading comprehension, you would note that he addresses the "Microsoft is raising an army" article in which Mimvi was mentioned. In the current article he is pointing out "...other companies out there that are also worth looking at in this light." in which CHAG is mentioned... It's a good thing that both companies are getting exposure, because as Franks said yesterday, these companies will benefit from each other... I'd recommend you buy both....


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Financial Statements - Cash Flow Computations - Indirect Method
- The indirect method
- The direct method
The Indirect Method
The indirect method is preferred by most firms because is shows a reconciliation from reported net income to cash provided by operations.
Calculating Cash flow from Operations
Here are the steps for calculating the cash flow from operations using the indirect method:
- Start with net income.
Add back non-cash expenses.
- (Such as depreciation and amortization)
Adjust for gains and losses on sales on assets.
- Add back losses
- Subtract out gains
- Account for changes in all non-cash current assets.
- Account for changes in all current assets and liabilities except notes payable and dividends payable.
In general, candidates should utilize the following rules:
- (Such as depreciation and amortization)
The following example illustrates a typical net cash flow from operating activities:
Cash Flow from Investment Activities
Cash Flow from investing activities includes purchasing and selling long-term assets and marketable securities (other than cash equivalents), as well as making and collecting on loans.
Here's the calculation of the cash flows from investing using the indirect method:
Cash Flow from Financing Activities
Cash Flow from financing activities includes issuing and buying back capital stock, as well as borrowing and repaying loans on a short- or long-term basis (issuing bonds and notes). Dividends paid are also included in this category, but the repayment of accounts payable or accrued liabilities is not.
Here's the calculation of the cash flows from financing using the indirect method:
Personal Finance
How To Choose A Financial AdvisorMany advisors display similar skillsets that can make distinguishing between them difficult. The following guidelines can help you better understand their qualifications and services.
Asset Manager Ethics: Investment Process and ActionsManagers, in developing their investment process, need to determine some "general rules" that make it meaningful. We offer six.
Career Advice: Financial Analyst Vs. Investment BankerRead an in-depth comparison about working as a Financial Analyst vs. working as an Investment Banker, two highly prestigious business careers.
Advisors: Which Certifications Are Essential?The right advisor credentials can make all the difference, but wading through some 100 certifications can be a challenge. Here's some help.
Investing Basics
Asset Manager Ethics: Valuation Is A Tricky BusinessAsset managers must accurately represent all of a clients assets in the client portfolio. This can be tricky for unique and hard-to-value assets.
Personal Finance
Top 10 Most Valuable Sports Teams in 2015Cleats, pads and profits: we take a look at the top 10 most valuable sports teams in the world.
Chinese Slowdown Affects Iron Ore MarketThe Chinese economy's ongoing slowdown is having a major impact on iron ore demand.
Personal Finance
Invest in Costco? First Understand Its Balance SheetA strong balance sheet sets a company apart and boosts investor confidence. How healthy is Costco based on an analysis of its balance sheets from the last two years?
Investing Basics
Brokers and RIAs: One and the Same?Brokers and registered investment advisors have some key differences. Here's what you need to know.
DCF Vs. Comparables: Which One To UseDCF and Comparables models are widely used in equity valuation. We explain the pros and cons of each method.
Personal Financial AdvisorProfessionals who help individuals manage their finances by providing ...
Chartered Financial Analyst - CFAA professional designation given by the CFA Institute (formerly ...
Security AnalystA financial professional who studies various industries and companies, ...
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What are the differences between a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) and a Certified ...The differences between a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) and a Certified Financial Planner (CFP) are many, but comes down ... Read Full Answer >>
What types of positions might a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) hold?The types of positions that a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) is likely to hold include any position that deals with large ... Read Full Answer >>
How do I become a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA)?According to the CFA Institute, a person who holds a CFA charter is not a chartered financial analyst. The CFA Institute ... Read Full Answer >>
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Can I still pass the CFA Level I if I do poorly in the ethics section?You may still pass the Chartered Financial Analysis (CFA) Level I even if you fare poorly in the ethics section, but don't ... Read Full Answer >>


text: Featured comments + Add comment Comments (27) Featured Emmettcelticfan "I prefer kain to raziel, kain wasn't "jealous" of raziel's wings, he sensed the opportunity to change his fate, and alter history.He knew that raziel would return as a wraith, kain seeked the 3rd side of the coin (restoring nosgoth, but keeping his..." 1503d ago Pozzle "Emmettcelticfan is right. Kain wasn't jealous of Raziel's wings? They made that VERY clear in the later games that he did it in an attempt to change his (and Nosgoth's) fate. Yeah, it was a dick move. But one could argue Kain did it for the greater good...." 1503d ago -LUKE_SKYWALKER- "Kaine is a d!ck and I hate him for killing Razeil Jelly jelly Kain - just because you dont have amazing wings like Raziel that does not mean you have to kill a brother. As the game begins, Raziel approaches Kain's throne and extends newly grown wings...." 1503d ago


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Diet Soda Detox: My 9 Month Check-In
Back in February, I wrote about my break up with Diet Coke. I'd been on the wagon for 30 days at that time and had just resurfaced after my withdrawal.
Hard to believe it's been 9 months since I took that "last" sip.
How am I doing?
Overall, great. Perfect? No. Do I consider myself successful? Absolutely.
Allow me to summarize my above response with a few frequently asked questions.
Q. Do you ever drink Diet Coke now?
A. Yes-here and there. I find that I want it most when I'm stressed out-it was my vice for a long time, so I'd consider that normal. What's interesting is that I can't finish a can or a bottle of Diet Coke anymore-whereas I used to not be able to leave a drop. And, it doesn't taste half as good as it used to.
Q. What do you drink instead?
A. I have found a passion for iced coffee with a quarter cup of whole milk. Yes-it has to have a quarter cup of milk-otherwise, the color and taste are all wrong. I enjoy the taste and flavor as much as I enjoy the ritual of my new "habit". Bottled water, tap water and sparkling water are also at the very top of my list.
Q: Do you feel better now that you stopped drinking Diet Coke?
A.Yes and No. Do I sleep better? Yes. Do I feel less bloated? Sometimes. Did I lose weight? No, in fact, I gained a few pounds.
I feel better now because I'm doing something positive for my health and ultimately, the health of my child. I feel better because when my son asks me why I don't drink Diet Coke anymore, I have an honest conversation with him about the fact that I drank too much of it and too much of any food or drink isn't a good thing. I feel better because I am successfully navigating-and sometimes negotiating-a positive behavior change.
And as with anything related to improving health, that's the real key–behavior change.
Those of you who are 9 months, a year or 2 years out from your diet soda or soda detox, how are you doing? And for those of you are navigating a behavior change, how have you been successful?


text: Staten Island by Gotham Gazette Staff, Mar 30, 2010 Twitter State Senate Representatives Senate 23 | Senate 24 State Assembly Representatives Assembly 60 | Assembly 61 | Assembly 62 | Assembly 63 Tweet Editor's Choice Rumored Scheme Brings Scrutiny to Bronx Political Machine How To Become A New York City Council Member Candidates Allege Wright Unfairly Influences Elections Alain Kaloyeros, Powerful Centerpiece of Buffalo Billion, Could Become Household Name Comments Comment(s) The comments section is provided as a free service to our readers. Gotham Gazette's editors reserve the right to delete any comments. Some reasons why comments might get deleted: inappropriate or offensive content, off-topic remarks or spam. Recent Articles by Gotham Gazette Staff :Debates of the 2014 NYS Election CycleVacancies in the New York State LegislatureNY State Senate District 31NY State Assembly District 65NY State Assembly District 40


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Castro Valley
Tuesdays at 12:00 PM
The Meadows Restaurant at Redwood Canyon Golf Course
(About us)
Birthdays & Anniversaries
Kim MurdockOctober 6
Randy VanderbiltOctober 8
Tim FiebigOctober 12
Jim NegriOctober 13
Dawn OrtizFrank OrtizOctober 11
Tim FiebigFrancine FiebigOctober 17
What is Rotary?
Please invite anyone of the community you know who has an interest in the future of Redwood Canyon (and might also be a prospective member!) You can always buy them lunch to make it easy for them to say "yes"!
August 25: Club Reacquaintance Session. In the spirit of both fellowship and vocation, each attending Rotarian spent a few minutes sharing why each person joined Rotary, why they remain in Rotary, what they do for a living, and how we can help them achieve either professional or personal goals.
What we learned:
Dwight and Jerome have been master recruiters for the club over the years. Of the thirty people present, these gents brought in three people each.
People join Rotary for a hundred different reasons (though many referenced a "free lunch" got them started down the road to membership!)
People stay in Rotary for the same reasons: Friendships, mutual support and being able to share the opportunity to work together to make Castro Valley a better place.
We need to keep supporting each other in every way, especially in the spirit of the Four-Way Test!
The Meadows Restaurant at Redwood Canyon Golf Course.
17007 Redwood Rd, Castro Valley, CA 94546


text:
collections agent jobs near Irvine, CA
Billing Assistant
Agent: Not Applicable Construction Activities: Not Applicable Contact with Water/Liquids: Not Applicable Drive Motorized Equipment: Not Applicable Confined Spaces: Not Applicable...30+ days ago from Inside Higher Ed
Collection Agent
and phone skills to early and late stage collections, repo and other segments.. Job ... Skills and Abilities:Account servicing and Collections skills ranging from early to late...9 days ago from ZipRecruiter
Director, Intelligence Collection and Analysis
consulting. Led by former FBI Special Agent with experience conducting covert counterintelligence operations and complex criminal public corruption investigations. Former FBI SWAT...20 days ago from ZipRecruiter
Professional Billing Compliance Auditor
Department: SOM- Compliance Req No.: 2015-0668 Location: UCI Medical Center - ... Not Applicable Construction Activities: Not Applicable Contact with Water/Liquids: Not...30+ days ago from Inside Higher Ed
Advertising Operations Coordinator, Billing
Looking for an innovative company and seeking more of a challenge? Then look no further than Zillow - one of the largest and most talked about real estate sites. We are looking...23 days ago from Zillow
Account Representative - State Farm Agent Team Member (Sales experience preferred)
r-focused? Do you enjoy working with the public? If you answered yes to these questions, working for a State Farm independent contractor agent may be the career for you! State...10 days ago from Rob Bills - State Farm Agent
Bilingual Collections Agent
cure debts * Conduct inbound and outbound collections calls on past due dental A/R * ... efforts * Interact with customers, collections team, and field staff on payment...24 days ago from DentReps
Collections Supervisor
payment plan collections, past-due account collections for all inactive student ... activity reports, collections reports, and other reports as required to provide...30+ days ago from International Education Corporation
Medical Billing Insurance Coding Instructor
Position Summary Provide quality delivery of assigned course information by planning, preparing, and delivering quality classroom instruction in participatory, interactive student...30+ days ago from International Education Corporation
Marketing Representative - State Farm Agent Team Member (Base salary + commission)
Position Overview I am a local State Farm Insurance Agent looking to hire an outgoing and customer-focused individual who enjoys working with the public. Do you aspire to some...10 days ago from Rob Bills - State Farm Agent
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text:
Barcelo Tat Beach & Golf Resort
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... dark wood and high mildewed ceilings in the old part of town. My room was guarded by two mannequins dressed in traditional clothing. They didn't freak me out at all. The next day I decided to meet Peri and her friends in Kas, so I got to rest for a few hours on an air conditioned mini bus. Boring! But here are some pictures from that ...
The Charm of Antalya
... out for a wander around, managing to somehow find our way back! A quick dip in the pool, out for a meal then stumbled across a little bar with some live music - blues with a Turkish twist! Great way to finish off the day.
Day 11
Decided on a two hour boat trip today, cruising up the coast past some beautiful waterfalls, (including an unexpected shower as the ferry went in for some close up shots!) chatting to a lovely couple ...
2015 Rotary District Conference Turkey
... who was responsible for the exchange students) Volkan who speaks perfect English because he went on an exchange to the US and currently goes to university in the US. We then grouped up and the 6 of us got into our bus and were on the road from Ankara to Antalya. We were to be on a bus for over 12 hours so we all had a good yarn to each other along the way, some sleep obviously mixed in there.
Thursday 21st of May 2015:
We got to the bus station in Antalya safely ...
Fethiye to Antalya with Cirali / Olympos inbetween
... out from crevices in the rock face, all caused by methane gas! The popular thing to do there is to toast marshmallows over the flames. Some people even braai sausage!!! We were very chuffed with ourselves for getting to the top and making it down in the dark and as Mike and Linda both said "wouldnt my oncologist and cardiologist be proud of me now!!"
With our exchange rate of R5 to one Turkish lira, we find shopping quite expensive here!!! (excepting for those ...
Antalya...Turkish Riviera?
... displays from the second century...statues of Zeus, Hercules, Apollo, Athena...all my favourites from mythology. May 8: Another bonus was the Antalya Yoruk Festivali that just happened to start today...I just love tribal events! Ended the day with dinner by the sea as a celebration of our 33rd wedding anniversary...time flies when you are having ...


text:
Instead, the fat helps give the vocal folds their square shape where they protrude into the airway, unlike triangular vocal folds in most species. The fat also may cushion the vocal folds and provide repair material when they are damaged, the researchers say.
"We were trying to correct a previous assumption that lions and tigers roar at low fundamental frequencies because they have a huge vocal folds," says study co-author Tobias Riede, a research assistant professor of biology at the University of Utah and a research associate at the National Center for Voice and Speech.
"It's true they have large vocal folds, but the shape and the viscoelastic properties [tension and shearing strength] make the roars so loud and deep," he says.
Riede says the scientists "set out to find out the relationship between structure of the vocal folds and how they work to produce the roar in lions and tigers. We tested if the mechanical properties of the vocal folds allowed us to make predictions about the sound."
They did. Measurements of vocal fold resistance to stretching and shearing let researchers accurately predict the "fundamental frequency" ranges at which lions and tigers are known to roar, and the lung pressures needed to produce those roars.
Titze and Riede conducted the research with first author Sarah Klemuk, an adjunct assistant professor of communication sciences at the University of Iowa; and Edward Walsh, director of auditory physiology at Boys Town National Research Hospital in Omaha, Neb. Titze is on the faculty at the University of Iowa and University of Utah, where he is a research professor of otolaryngology and medicinal chemistry. The research was funded by the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation.
"We study a lot of animals deer, elk,
|Contact: Lee Siegel
University of Utah


text:
You limited your search to:
Partner: Rio Grande City Public Library
Decade: 1970-1979
Year: 1975
Month: May
Day: 22nd
Rio Grande Herald (Rio Grande City, Tex.), Vol. 33, No. 32, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 22, 1975
Date: May 22, 1975
Creator: Van Nest, Lloyd A.
Description: Weekly newspaper from Rio Grande City, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Contributing Partner: Rio Grande City Public Library


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Browsing by Title
Showing results 111 to 130 of 1057 < previous next >
|Issue Date
|Breastfeeding practices of healthcare providers at Capricorn District Level 1 hospitals, Limpopo Province
|Mpolokeng, M.B.L; Mawela, Maatlape Blantina; Kekana, M.P.
|Breeding habitat of Blue Crane (Anthropoides Paradiseus) in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
|Potgieter, M. J.; Mmonoa, Ernest Mmaphuti; Venter, J. A.
|Budgeting constrains for school libraries : a study of selected schools in the Nkangala Region, Mpumalanga
|Ntsala, J. M.; Nsingwane, Greatness Thulisile
|The burden of grandparenting : caring for aids-orphaned grandchildren in Lephalale, South Africa
|Mashegoane, S.; Moripe, S.; Mohale, N. F.
|Burden of rotavirus disease and molecular characterization rotaviruses at Dr George Mukhari Hospital from 2003-2005
|Page, N. A.; Dewar, J. B.; Seheri, Luyanda Mapaseka
|Business restructuring : some reflection on transfers of employment contracts in the context of outsourcing.
|Machaba, L. L.
|Cadmium and copper biosorption by a bacterial strain isolated from South Africa Antimony mine
|Abotsi, E.K.; Van Heerden, E.; Sekhula, Koena Sinah
|Calabash: Indigenous Studies Journal
|Dseagu, S. A.; Maake, N. P.; Madadzhe, R. N.
|Can a defective hearing be cured by a subsequent appeal? : an examination of fair procedure in employer's disciplinary inquiry
|Maloka, T. C.; Kumwenda, Joshua
|The capacity of Limpopo Provincial Government to implement the provincial growth and development strategy (2004-2014) through strategic planning.
|Matshabaphala, M.D.J; Ravele, Tendani Suzan
|Cardiovascular risk factors among 15-20 years old rural subjects residing in Dikgale Demographic Surveillance Site (DDSS), Limpopo Province
|Alberts, M.; Phoku, Nkosinathi Terrence; Choma, S. S. R.
|The causes and impact of water shortage on the households of Ga-Kgapane Township in the Limpopo Province
|Sebola, M.P.; Machethe, Elliot Masoto
|Causes of Hospital re-administrations of HIV / AIDS children at Dr George Mukhari hospital during the year 2003
|Madiba, Sphiwe; Chelule, Paul; Malebye, Manthodi Alina
|The causes of ineffective participation of parents in school governance
|Matsaung, L. E.; Mboweni, Khensani; Maile, S.
|The causes of ineffective participation of parents in school governance
|Matsaung, L. E.; Mboweni, Kwena France
|Causes of maternal deaths in a tertiary hospital in Limpopo Province, South Africa : Healthcare professionals' perspective
|Mothiba, T. M.; Maputle, M. S.; Tladi, F. M.
|The Causes of non-compliance to tuberculosis treatment in patients at Matlala District Hospital
|Clark, C. C.; Linzamo, Freddy Moba
|Challenges experienced by learners during assessment with the use of English as language of teaching and learning history
|Rapetsoa, Johannah Mapotlakishe
|The challenges experienced by students with physical disability (SWPD's at the University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus)
|Nel, K.; Maotoana, M. R.
|The challenges experienced by teenage mothers in secondary schools : the case of Hlanganani South Circuit
|Themane, M. J.; Chauke, Helen


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