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1 Park near Draper, Utah
American Fork, Utah 10.06 miles SE
Salt Lake City, Utah 17.02 miles N
Draper, Utah (map) | (801) 571-4024
Sites: 110 | Latest Rate: $36.00 | 79 Reviews
|Clean Restrooms:
|Clean Showers:
Sep 2015 - $36.00
No serious complaints however, the sites are a bit tight. We were cheek to cheek with our neighbor. The main driveway is paved and wide, the sites are at a 90% angle. Plenty long but a bit narrow. It is meant to be a pull thru but the road we would have to pull out onto was very narrow so we chose to back out and hook up our toad on the main driveway. We were on gravel. Full hookup worked fine and WiFi was good. I found the men's bathroom to be a bit dirty on one of the days we were there, the next day it seemed better. - Coopsecondact
Aug 2015 - $39.00
The sites are paved and level, but tight turns within the park. They use the buddy system with grass and picnic tables between the rigs. The wifi was good. You need to get a key at the office to use the pool. The park is clean and the staff is helpful. - SGF
Aug 2015 - $30.00
Management is Horrendous. Park is a sardine can.
Don't do it. Even if every other park in the area is full- Just Don't. We ended up here because no other local parks had availability for a 2 week stay. Many of the other reviews we read hinted to us that we shouldn't stay here- regardless- but we didn't listen. Dumb us.
Upon arrival, we first noted the sardine-can like setting of this place. It had trees though, so we were excited for that. We were met by an unfriendly lad behind the front desk. He was curt and unwelcoming. Once we located our spot, we noted aloud, 'wow, this one is going to be tight.' Thankfully, our new neighbor moved his truck, which was parked on his site in front of his 5th-wheel, so that we could painstakingly squeeze into our spot (yes, it was THAT tight). As we squeezed in, I felt the rear of my rig bottom out and drag along the pavement (scary). Stopped immediately and saw that there was literally No way to avoid this happening (oh hey to possibly destroying thousands of dollars in equipment).
Noticed that the park places people who are just staying for one night on the driveway into the park- that's crappy. Lot's of traffic, no way to get level. Speaking of getting level, we're still not level. Not really possible in the spot we were given.
In other news, the power went out mid-day 2 days into our stay (fine, it happens). After we realized it wasn't our air-conditioner units that were broken, we went over to the office to let them know our shore power was off. We were 'greeted' with a tirade of non-apologies (we know its not your personal fault lady). Later, the manager approached us & again-No Apologies- instead almost blaming us for causing her employee to have a bad day. Holy goodness, don't come here. Just Don't. - Liz Chafik


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To Serve a Kingby Donna Russo Morin
View All Available Formats & Editions
From her earliest days, Genevieve Gravois has known one fact above all: Francis I, king of France, is her enemy. Raised by her embittered aunt after her parents' deaths, Genevieve has been schooled in things no woman should know: how to decipher codes, how to use a dagger and a bow, and how to kill. For Henry VIII has a destiny in mind for the young… See more details below
From her earliest days, Genevieve Gravois has known one fact above all: Francis I, king of France, is her enemy. Raised by her embittered aunt after her parents' deaths, Genevieve has been schooled in things no woman should know: how to decipher codes, how to use a dagger and a bow, and how to kill. For Henry VIII has a destiny in mind for the young girlas his most powerful and dangerous spy.
When the time is ripe, Genevieve enters the magnificent world of the French court. With grace to match her ambition, she becomes maid of honor to Anne de Pisseleau, King Francis's mistress. Yet neither the courtwhich teems with artistry and enlightenment as well as intriguenor Francis himself are at all what Genevieve expected. And with her mission, her life, and the fate of two kingdoms at stake, she will be forced to make deadly decisions about where her heart and her ultimate loyalties lie.
Praise for Donna Russo Morin's The Courtier's Secret
"As opulent and sparkling as Louis XIV's court and as filled with intrigue, passion and excitement as a novel by Dumas. . .a feast for the senses." Romantic Times (4 stars)
"Vivid, delightful, spirited. . .a page-turner as smooth as fine cognac." –Steven Manchester, author of The Unexpected Storm
"A wonderfully spun gem of a story." Armchair Reviews
Reading Group Guide Inside
Editorial Reviews
Product Details
- 9780758246813
- Publisher:
- Kensington
- Publication date:
- 02/01/2011
- Pages:
- 384
- Product dimensions:
- 5.50(w) x 8.20(h) x 1.30(d)
Read an Excerpt
To Serve a King
By DONNA RUSSO MORIN
KENSINGTON BOOKSCopyright © 2011 Donna Russo Morin
All right reserved.
Chapter OneIt is the little victories, That bring us the big ones.
—Ignatius de Loyola (1491–1556)
Beneath an unmerciful sun, the squire dropped the flag with a flourish. Riders kicked at glistening flanks; horses charged forward with little between them save the narrow wooden poles of the lists. Hooves thundered upon the jousting field; the pounding boomed in the ears. Dirt clumps flew up into the air as if tossed in celebration. Weighted and encased in full armor, plumes on helmets bobbing with every gallop, the combatants raised their lances with steely determination, eyes locked upon the impending opponent as they cradled their weapons in the crook between bicep and chest.
Nobleman, courtier, commoner, and peasant jumped to their feet in the overflowing, banner-festooned stands, holding their breath as the two kings bore down upon each other. The impact, when it came, burst out like two worlds colliding. Lance met armor, snapping with a riotous crash and a splintering of wood, and the air ruptured with gasps and cheers. Each competitor had broken his lance upon the other; yet both had kept their saddle. The match was a draw, again.
François quit his black steed with deft agility, tugging off the cumbersome helmet with agitation. Beneath it, his thick chestnut hair lay matted with sweat to his face and jawbone.
"Well done, Your Majesty," Montmorency called out as he approached, raising his voice above the unabated cheering. Beside him, a slight man brandished a satisfied sneer as he scissored his short legs, hurrying to keep up.
With a sidelong look of annoyance, the young king of France scoffed, struggling to remove his gauntlets.
"Do not patronize me, Monty." Finally relieved of them, François threw the thick, padded leather gloves to the ground, words slithering out between grinding teeth. "Damn it all, I cannot best the man."
"That is true," Philippe de Chabot said as he picked up the gloves and slapped them together to dislodge the fresh mud. "But neither can he best you. There are worse ways to spend a day of sport."
In the bright sunlight, François squinted slanted eyes at his companions, his valued friends since childhood, his closest advisers since becoming king five years ago, and felt the heat of his ire cool. Perhaps there were other ways to triumph over this adversary yet.
In Henry VIII, François found everything he detested in a king—a hedonist obsessed with the quest for power and pleasure—and yet a part of him strove to imitate this nemesis whom he would never admit respecting, though respect Henry he did. The faults François railed against in his archrival were ones others attributed to François himself. How disgusted he would be to know it.
"Besides," Chabot continued with a shrug of his small shoulders, "you are much better looking."
Monty barked a laugh as François snickered, cuffing Chabot in the arm.
"You must pay your respects to your opponent." The gruff, aged voice doused the conviviality of the young men. Chancellor Duprat approached, skinny legs waddling under a rotund body. "King Henry awaits your hand, Sire."
"Of course." François accepted the intrusion and instruction without argument. Accompanied by his triumvirate of men, he stalked across the rutted tourney field.
"Well ridden, Your Majesty," he called as he approached his challenger, outstretched hand in the lead.
With a devilish smile upon his plump, freckled face, Henry accepted the hand thus offered. "And you, Your Highness."
Cardinal Wolsey, rotund form looming in red cassock and mozzetta, hovered by Henry's side as always, as did the dukes of Suffolk and Norfolk.
These two rivals politely embraced, between them a pull of genuine affection, more potent after the last few days together, yet sharp with the edge of competition, like two loving brothers forever bent on besting the other.
"A worthy match indeed," François conceded. "One deserving of a hearty toast."
"More than one, I should think," Henry agreed. "I will see you at table?"
"It will be my honor." François accepted the invitation with a sweeping bow.
As the men separated and made to quit the field, the crowd erupted into another burst of applause, colorful banners flourishing. With magnanimity, each sovereign acknowledged the accolades with a wave, a nod, and a smile as they quit the field.
A young man standing along the front rail took his pretty wife by the arm, hoisting his daughter higher in his grasp, and began to lead them through the departing congested throng. "Come, mes amours, I must prepare to attend the king at table."
"Of course, my dear," replied the delicate woman at his side, skin flushed from a day in the sun.
The toddler in her father's arms put her head down onto his strong shoulder, blond curls falling on her face as her eyes grew heavy, then closed. Exhausted from the excitement of the long day, she would sleep peacefully tonight.
The royal combatants retired from the tourney field, entourages in tow, each to his own opulent encampment. These men of power and privilege endured no discomforts; though ensconced in makeshift, temporary lodgings, each camp contrived astounding accommodations for this auspicious meeting.
Months in the making, the summit was unlike any conducted before. Leaders who had been overlooked waited with equal amounts of wonder and fear, because any accord between France and England could only spell trouble. The possibility of orchestrating a great peace enticed the English king. The opportunity to bring another to his cause against his rivalry with Charles V of Spain, newly appointed Holy Roman Emperor—chosen by the new pope over François himself—had inveigled the French king forth. A grand meeting, an opportunity to talk; diplomacy and deal making decorated by a grand festival. And yet the undercurrent of competition between the two young and brash chevaliers, the constant quibbling for any modicum of superiority over the other, no matter how miniscule, permeated every facet of this audacious assembly.
In the shallow Val d'Or at the very edge of English-occupied France, near Calais, halfway between the castle ruins of Guînes and Ardres, they had met on an early June afternoon.
Henry would have a castle no matter where he laid his head. In the shadow of the Château de Guînes, the Palace of Illusions had been erected with sections brought from England already assembled. Covering an area of more than two acres, it was a convoluted construction of wood and earth covered with a painted canvas to resemble stone and formed with turrets, parapets, and windows. Within its vast rectangular interior lay a courtyard boasting two magnificent fountains fed by three pipes—one for water, one for hippocras, and one for wine.
In a meadow on the outskirts of Ardres, the French had pitched their tents, almost four hundred of them, some as large as any castle's great hall. Many of the nobles in attendance had forfeited all property, selling their fields, their mills, their forests to attend the event with appropriate honor. Surmounted by pennants of golden apples and emblazoned with their owners' coats of arms, the tents of velvet and cloth of gold spread out across the countryside like wild flowers. The field shimmered as if the gold grew from its earth. But no pavilion rivaled the splendor of François's tent.
Taller than any other and sixty feet on a side, two ship masts lashed together supported the mammoth cloth of gold. Blue velvet lined the interior, decorated with fleurs-de-lis and gold embroideries from Cyprus.
Beyond splendid, yet the kings' accommodations paled in comparison to the events conducted over the course of the summit.
Banquets, dances, and mummings filled the nights; a feat of arms—jousting at the tilt, an open field tournament, a foot combat at the barriers with puncheon spears, swords, and two-handed swords—filled the days. The kings were the most rowdy and jubilant attendants of all. In their company were their nobles, their friends, and their women. François had brought his mother; his wife, Queen Claude; and his mistress, the Comtesse de Chateaubriant. Regal and silent by Henry VIII's side, stood Catherine of Aragon, with countless fair maidens waiting to warm his bed. As the kings made merry, their ambassadors and delegates made diplomacy, Wolsey speaking foremost for England, while the Queen Mother, Louise de Savoy, spoke for France. Many words passed between these two equally keen minds, but little of lasting consequence was said.
Henry rubbed at his midsection, a replete, resounding belch coaxed forth from the embroidered brocade–covered protuberance. Attendants scurried around him, cleaning the remnants of the evening's festivities like ants upon an abandoned picnic ground. He watched them from his elevated perch on the velvet chair in the corner of the vast room; watched, but cared little about their performance. The last of the guests had retreated in the early hours of the morning, leaving the king in the company of his most reliant confidants.
"Have we found out who the young women are?" Henry spoke to his men, but his unfocused, bloodshot eyes never strayed from the buzzing workers before him, mesmerized, in his hazy stupor, by their tedious, repetitive movements.
The bearded Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, stepped forward, if a bit unsteadily, wine sloshing in a tightly gripped chalice. "They are Thomas Boleyn's daughters, my lord, Mary and ... and Anne."
Henry pulled himself up from his slump and whipped round, all at once full of eager attention. "Certainly not?"
"'Tis true, Your Highness, they have been in the French queen's company for some years and are quite soon preparing to return to our homeland."
With sensual, languid movements at odds with his rugged physique, the king reclined once more. "Be sure to send them a personal invitation to court."
"Of course, Your Highness. As you wish," Suffolk assured him, but not without a roll of his eyes and a salacious smile at the small group of men gathered in duty and imbibing.
"Are we done here, Wolsey? I tire of these games." Sounding like nothing so much as a spoiled, petulant child, Henry's bulbous bottom lip stuck out in a pout.
"I believe we have done all we can here, Your Majesty," the cardinal said with neither enthusiasm nor disappointment. "You have done well to sign the treaty."
Henry snarled at him. To make peace with the posturing François rankled; the hand that wielded the quill itched.
"You will see great results from this, I assure you," Wolsey pacified.
It was the slightest of changes, but the king's pout reformed, a devilish grin blossoming in its stead. In that moment, Henry found the joy of the situation in which he found himself: As the lesser of the three world powers, both France and Spain courted him. A master manipulator, he intended to exploit the state of affairs for all it was worth.
"Send a message then, would you, Wolsey? Tell the emperor I would like to talk. He should know of the ostentatious display we have witnessed here. A man with so much to prove as our François, putting on such a show, must have something to hide."
"Of course, Majesty, but per—"
When the hand of his king flicked in his face, the cardinal's thoughts froze on his tongue. Henry leaned forward, resting his free hand upon one knee, eyes fixed upon the young man rushing toward him. The pale, snaggletoothed youth approached his sovereign, lips forming words aching to launch from his mouth. Henry's quieting hand flicked from Wolsey to the approaching squire, who clamped his mouth shut, eyes bulging in fear at the abrupt command.
"Cease and desist." The king's booming voice pummeled the air. "You are all relieved. Make for your beds."
Every manservant and chambermaid dropped whatever lay in their hands, and took themselves off without thought or question. The small gathering of courtiers drew closer to the king, put on guard at once by the abrupt change in his tone and demeanor.
"Speak," Henry barked the instant the last servant had quit the chamber.
With a twitch and an Adam's apple–bobbing swallow, the young man made his report.
"Your fears have been confirmed, Your Highness. The man in question has indeed been seen in clandestine conversations with members of the French contingent."
"Bastard!" spat the king, pounding a fist on the arm of the chair and spewing upon the floor, as if the word and gesture were not enough to rid him of his venomous rage.
The messenger quaked in his worn leather boots, bulging insect eyes once more protruding from his long face. Only Suffolk remembered him.
"You may leave us, good sir. You have done well. Have no fear." With a calming hand upon the youngster's shoulder, the duke turned him toward the door, helping him away with a firm yet gentle nudge. Turning back, Suffolk met with the king's blazing stare.
"You know what to do?" Henry moved not a bit, his voice low and quiet, yet his rage was there for any to see did they know what to look for.
Suffolk's full lips thinned in a grimace, but he bowed, spun on his heel with determination, and left; not a one questioned his compliance with whatever the king demanded of him.
The screams of human and animal mixed in a grotesque chorus, filling the predawn hours with their horror and revulsion. The monstrous flames rose into the black sky, roaring like cannon blasts in the day's most hushed hours. Men, women, and children fled from the orangey blaze in fright while soldier and guard ran toward it. But it was too powerful, too repulsive, and it was impossible to break through to its heart, to penetrate the barrier and save those trapped within. They stood at the aperture of the tent now fully ablaze in the apex of the English camp, waiting to catch those fortunate enough to escape from the fiery cataclysm.
The pandemonium swirled about the inferno like the oxygen that fed it so splendidly. For within every neighboring tent, the brilliance of the flame appeared alive upon the walls, the nexus of its glow indistinguishable through the pale canvas. In terror they ran out of their tents, into the fray; haphazard, undirected commotion. No matter how removed from danger, they ran and screamed, the sickening scent of burning flesh fueling their fear.
"Help us, please," one foot soldier yelled to a passing nobleman, a young man of strong arm and back, capable of hoisting a bucket of water as well as any. But the pampered gent continued his furious retreat, sparing not a glance at the soldier begging his aid.
Coughing and sputtering, survivors staggered from within, but the child emerged without a sound—without a scratch—as if oblivious to the danger she escaped, her long, curly blond hair wafting upward in the rushing air of the blaze at her back. From behind the soldiers, a woman clad in a silk nightgown flung herself forward, as if waiting for this very moment. Snatching the child in her arms she ran, a silent angel intent on her mission.
"How many billeted here, do you know?" one guard called to another as they stood together before the blaze. Few of them remained, so many of them had already rushed toward the physician's tent, the wounded leaning on their shoulders or cradled in their arms.
"No idea," his companion struggled to answer, the flames devouring all the air in and around the tent. "Can't be many. So many ... already out."
The first soldier acknowledged him with a squinty-eyed nod, holding up a hand in a vain attempt to block the heat from his face, feeling his eyebrows singeing upon his skin. With a hue and cry, both jumped back. The tent, devoured by fire, pitched toward them, collapsing forward with nothing but ash left at its base. Within the crumbling of the remaining wood frame and disintegrating canvas, a whoosh of flames rose higher as one wrenching, agonizing scream roared above the din.
For one suspended moment, the men stood motionless. In the next instant, they moved. Without word or gesture, each bent his head down and charged.
"Could we not have devised a less overt manner in which to deal with this matter?" Henry hissed into Suffolk's ear.
Outside, the smell of burning rubble clung to the air like the desperate grasp of a scorned lover. Dawn's pale gray light tickled at the edge of the earth. In this broken place, physicians and surgeons attended to the wounded while soldiers and servants tread warily through the charred ruins in hopes of finding other survivors. Inside the king's pavilion, the tension clung to every tendril of smoke that slithered in.
Excerpted from To Serve a King by DONNA RUSSO MORIN Copyright © 2011 by Donna Russo Morin. Excerpted by permission of KENSINGTON BOOKS. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
Excerpts are provided by Dial-A-Book Inc. solely for the personal use of visitors to this web site.
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Palo Duro High School Alumni
Palo Duro Alumni Photos
What is this site?
- Send messages to alumni
- View PDHS Alumni Profiles
- Share your memories
- Share photos with others
- Discuss past activities
Click on the Yearbooks below to view a copy Online at Classmates.com®. If you don't see your class's yearbook, check out our yearbook page.
Famous Alumni
|Terry Stafford
|Class of 1961
Musician and Songwriter. He was co-author of "Amarillo By Morning".
If you know someone who graduated from PDHS in Amarillo, TX that has passed away, you can create a memorial for them.
- Phillip Gillmore
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- Brenda Roberts
- Class of 1990 Pamela Williams
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- Class of 1964 Roger Bradshaw
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- Class of 2001 Joshua Worth
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- Class of 1965 Billy York
- Class of 2001 Dondary Degrate
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- Class of 1999 Aaron Gillam
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Palo Duro Alumni Merchandise
Alumni from Palo Duro High can use this site to get in touch with old friends from their high school in TX. We also encourage you to keep up to date on news and reconnect with Palo Duro High School alumni. You can also find out what other graduates are doing now, share memories with other alumn, upload pictures from Palo Duro High and find other alumni.
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Essential information
Places in Philippines
For most visitors to the Philippines, Panay is the island they land on in order to get to Boracay. But what does Panay itself have to offer? Think of it as distinct provinces, as the locals do. In the northwest, Aklan Province (which includes Boracay) is best known for hosting the amazing Ati-Atihan Festival, the country's largest fiesta, in its capital, Kalibo, every January.
Manila's moniker, the 'Pearl of the Orient', couldn't be more apt – its cantankerous shell reveals its jewel only to those resolute enough to pry. No stranger to hardship, the city has endured every disaster both human and nature could throw at it, and yet today the chaotic metropolis thrives as a true Asian megacity.
Nothing defines Palawan more than the water around it. With seascapes the equal of any in Southeast Asia, and wildlife terrestrial and aquatic, the Philippines' most sparsely populated region is also the most beguiling. Because of its silhouette – a long sliver stretching 650km all the way to Borneo – there's a certain liberating logic to travel here.
Tours and activities
Tips and articles
Getting the best out of Boracay
So you've heard about Boracay. You're not alone. In the past few years this small island in the Philippines has ridden a global wave of media attention to become one of the world's top island destinations...
10 reasons to visit Manila
Despite being one of Southeast Asia's best capital cities for sightseeing and culture, Manila continues to (unfairly) get a bad rap...
The best beaches of the Philippines
The Philippines is generating a buzz as a less-discovered alternative to Southeast Asian beach hotspots like Bali and southern Thailand. It's not hard to see why...
Why Manila is fast becoming one of Asia's coolest cities
The heydays of the 1920s and 1930s saw Manila abuzz with theatres, cabaret, jazz clubs and ritzy boulevards, making it one of the most glamourous cities in the region...


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White Lodge Hotel4
Lake Road, Bowness-on-Windermere, LA23 2JJ
Price FromView Rooms
- Very Good
- 23 guest reviews
"Clean guesthouse. Reasonable location. Friendly staff.Good breakfast...."
"Excellent customer service, friendly staff, beautiful decor, spotless, food excellent, very peaceful. Cant wait til spring...."
"Really enjoyed my stay here, shame it was only 1 night...."
"Exellent hotel. good accommodation. breakfast very good. people give excellant service. will visit again...."
About the hotel
White Lodge Hotel is a 4 star guest house ideally positioned just a short walk away from Bowness Bay and the picturesque shores of Lake Windermere, England's largest and perhaps most beautiful lake. This traditional family owned Lake District Hotel is set in a Victorian country house Whether preparing for a day out on the Lake District fells, visiting a tourist attraction, or relaxing during the evening. guests will enjoy the warm and friendly atmosphere of one of the regions traditional Lake District Hotels.
All of the spacious rooms are luxuriously decorated and furnished including all modern comforts you would expect of a traditional lake district hotel. Some rooms enjoy lake views, all have en-suite bathrooms, flat screen televisions and complimentary tea and coffee making facilities & free WiFi. A traditional Full English Breakfast is served in the stylish dining room with its fine antique furniture and relaxed atmosphere or in complete contrast the bistro with its glass tables & 'cool' atmosphere from 08:30 - 09:15 am. Staff are attentive without being obtrusive. Surrounded by magnificent scenery in the heart of the English Lake District,Bowness-on-Windermere is the ideal centre for touring the whole area and in minutes guests can be sailing, exploring the lakeside footpaths or the nearby fells, or visiting the homes of William Wordsworth, Ruskin, Coleridge and Beatrix Potter. Shoppers and browsers will delight in the speciality stores and attractions in nearby Windermere and Bowness. Whilst a drive over the Hard Knott pass is for the courageous with its 1 in 3 and 2. 5 gradients - but the views are spectacular. Please note, if you expect to arrive at the hotel after 9pm please call in advance to ensure staff are present to check you in. White Lodge has its own large carparks. Also the hotel does not accept Stag or hen parties. Also Guests can only book a maximum amount of 4 rooms per reservation.
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Room Availability
Showing Tuesday 6 October 2015 to Wednesday 7 October 2015Change Search
Facilities Show/hide
- Main
- Hotel Non-Smoking Throughout
- Parking
- Car parking available onsite
- Business
- Wi-Fi Available , Wi-Fi Available In Public Areas , Wi-Fi Available In Rooms
- Dining
- Restaurant
- In room entertainment
- In room facilities
- Tea/Coffee making facilities in each room , Hairdryer in each room
- Hotel services
- Limited Hours Room Service , Laundry/Valet Service , Wake Up Call Available
- Other
- Ground floor bedrooms
Can't find the facilities you're looking for?
- Call us on 0333 300 1007 and we'll help find the perfect hotel for you
- Call
Useful Info Show/hide
- From 14:00 hours
- Until 11:00 hours
- 16/04/2014 to 31/12/2023 - PLEASE NOTE THE HOTEL DOES NOT ACCEPT GROUP BOOKINGS OF 4 ROOM OR MORE. The price shown is based on the occupancy and dates you have searched for. Prices and availability are subject to change based on the arrival date, number of nights and occupancy searched for. All prices are inclusive of all local taxes.
- Pets are not allowed
Customer Reviews
Our reviews are from genuine LateRooms.com customers. We verify that the customer has stayed before leaving a review.
Very Good
87% would recommend it to a friend
Customer service
Food quality
Room quality
Clean guesthouse.
Reasonable location. Friendly staff.Good breakfast.
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Shahram SedehiDiscussion -
In order for God, who has no form, to take on substantial form, He absolutely invested His absolute faith and absolute love into the making of His ideal partners, the very best object partners for His love.
This Hangout On Air is hosted by Shahram Sedehi. The live video broadcast will begin soon.
God absolutely invested His absolute faith and absolute love
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Newly Appointed Cardinals Pay Courtesy Visit at Regia and Ducale Halls
Vatican secretary of State cardinal Tarcisio Bertone poses with newly... Nieuwsfoto'sAartsbisschop,Bezoek,Geloof,Goede manieren,Horizontaal,Internationaal monument,Kardinaal,Nieuw,Paus,Paus Benedictus XVI,Portret,Spiritualiteit,Staatssecretaris,Tarcisio Bertone,Ten voeten uit,Vaticaanstad,Vaticaanstad - StaatPhotographer Franco OrigliaCollection: Getty Images News 2012 Franco OrigliaVATICAN CITY, VATICAN - NOVEMBER 24: Vatican secretary of State cardinal Tarcisio Bertone (L) poses with newly appointed cardinal John Olorunfemi Onaiyekan (R), archbishop of Abuja Nigeria, and his diocesans during the courtesy visits at the Sala Regia Hall at the end of the concistory held by Pope Benedict XVI on November 24, 2012 in Vatican City, Vatican. The Pontiff installed 6 new cardinals during the ceremony, who will be responsible for choosing his successor. (Photo by Franco Origlia/Getty Images)


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Elsa Pataky
16 Elsa Pataky Articles
Chris Hemsworth & Elsa Pataky Throw Epic Birthday Bash For Twin Boys — Pic7 months ago 1
What better way to celebrate a first birthday than with a petting zoo! Chris Hemsworth and his wife Elsa Pataky threw their one-year-old twin boys… Read Article ▶
Credit: Getty/Courtesy of Instagram
Chris Hemsworth Plays & Kisses Baby Girl India In Sweet Photo7 months ago 0
Cuteness overload! Elsa Pataky took to Instagram on March 1, to show off two adorable pictures of Chris Hemsworth bonding with their eldest child… Read Article ▶
Chris Hemsworth's Twins, 10 Months, Hold Hands In Adorable Photo9 months ago 0
Chris Hemsworth's precious twins may have just broke Instagram. These adorable boys may only be 10 months, but they are already stealing hearts all… Read Article ▶
Courtesy of Instagram/Getty
Elsa Pataky Poses In Sexy Lingerie 8 Months After Giving Birth To Twins11 months ago 5
That's one hot mama! Once you see this video of Elsa Pataky posing and dancing in different pieces of very sexy lingerie, you will not believe that… Read Article ▶
Courtesy of Women's Secret/Getty
Kim, Jenelle & More Celebs Showing Their Bare Bumps — See Pics1 year ago 6
Celebrities love baring their baby bellies! Kim Zolciak, Jenelle Evans, Jessica Simpson, and so many more have posed and shared proud pictures of… Read Article ▶
Courtesy of Instagram, Courtesy of Karl Lagerfeld, Direction by Riccardo Tisci/ CRfashionbook
Elsa Pataky Shares Precious First Photo Of Hemsworth Twins2 years ago 21
Chris Hemsworth's wife Elsa Pataky has revealed our first look at their adorable twins! Elsa captioned the photo by sharing the sex of her new… Read Article ▶
Courtesy of Instagram/Getty
Chris Hemsworth & Wife Elsa Pataky Welcome Twins — Congrats2 years ago 8
Chris Hemsworth and his wife Elsa Pataky have finally welcomed their twin babies! On March 21, Elsa gave birth to her twins. Congrats to the happy… Read Article ▶
Chris Hemsworth's Wife Elsa Pataky In Labor — Giving Birth To Twins2 years ago 10
The 'Rush' star and his beautiful actress wife headed to a Los Angeles hospital on March 20 ahead of the births of their second and third children… Read Article ▶
Elsa Pataky: Chris Hemsworth's Wife Mocked By E! For Oscar Baby Bump2 years ago 31
E!'s 'Fashion Police' went a bit too far on March 3, when they mocked Chris Hemsworth's beautiful wife Elsa Pataky for being pregnant with twins at… Read Article ▶
Getty, Courtesy Of E!
Kerry Washington, Olivia Wilde, & Elsa Pataky: Who Had The Most Stylish Baby Bump?2 years ago 6
Who decked their baby bump out the best? Kerry Washington, Olivia Wilde, and Elsa Pataky flaunted stylish bumps on the Oscar red carpet — but who did… Read Article ▶
Chris Hemsworth's Wife Elsa Pataky — Bursting Baby Bump At The Oscars2 years ago 16
Chris Hemsworth and wife Elsa Pataky hit the Oscar red carpet together, and they brought along Elsa's large baby bump! The couple are expecting twins… Read Article ▶
Chris Hemsworth & Wife Expecting Twins — Congrats2 years ago 6
The 'Rush' actor and his beautiful actress wife are expecting twins together in the spring, shortly before their daughter's second birthday! Chris… Read Article ▶
More Elsa Pataky


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15 ways you can prepare your child for school
Not sure what your child needs to know before starting their education? Heres the hit-list. more
Decorate with style with this Chinese paper lantern art and craft kids activity. Kids love to make things so why not create a fabulous string of lanterns and decorate your garden or balcony today?
Get your child to decorate their A4 page.
Fold your page in half, lengthways.
Cut evenly spaced incisions from the folded side almost to the other side.
Unfold and staple the widths of the page together to form a cylinder that will now resemble a lantern.
Staple a strip of paper on each side at the top of the lantern to form a handle.


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Let us dazzle you with our Services
Contact Us
1/0 is pleased to announce the launch of our latest project - the International Association of Lighting Designers. This responsive web site employs Kentico CMS, integration with Avectra Membership software, and accepts payments. The newly updated iald.org continues to realize both the IALD vision "To create a better world through leadership and excellence in lighting design; to cultivate the universal acknowledgement and appreciation of the Power of Light in human life" and its mission "To serve the IALD worldwide membership by promoting the visible success of its members in practicing lighting design".
1/0 proudly announces the kickoff of the Special Olympics Unified Relay Across America (http://www.unifiedrelay.org/), sponsored by Bank of America. From May 26 through July 10, anyone can take part in this multi-leg run, bike, walk or roll across America to promote the Special Olympics 2015 Olympic Games. 1/0 built this site using API integration with Bank of America Torch Tracker and Twitter. The site is responsive using the Ektron CMS platform with the ability to sort multiple events by region. Visitors to the site may follow the relay on Twitter, see where and when the torch will be near them and see the complete schedule of community celebrations.
1/0 launches http://www.cld.global/ for Lighting Designers worldwide. A Credentialing Task Force convened by the International Association of Lighting Designers (IALD) determined that a pressing need existed for a globally recognized professional certification. The new site offers a seamless process for designers to apply for the Certified Lighting Designer (CLD) certification, the first evidence-based certification for lighting design in the world. The site content is managed utilizing the Kentico CMS. http://www.cld.global/ is fully optimized for mobile and uses Google Search and Analytics for all traffic reporting.


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September News and Product Briefs
| Sep 30, 2015
Speed Heals: The 26-Hour Diagnostic Genome
| Sep 29, 2015
Garvan Institute Uses Panasas System for X Ten
| Sep 21, 2015
Imprecision Medicine: Eric Dishman Kicked Off the Converged IT Summit
| Sep 15, 2015
Duke School of Medicine announces new Center for Statistical Genetics and Genomics
| Sep 03, 2015
August News and Product Briefs
| Sep 03, 2015
Intel Joins Up with Cancer Centers to Build Secure Networks for Patient Data Sharing
| Sep 02, 2015
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| Sep 01, 2015
Perakslis Joins Precision for Medicine
By Bio-IT World Staff
August 13, 2013
| Eric Perakslis has joined Precision
Medicine, Inc. as Senior Advisor, Bioinformatics and Information Technology.
is a specialized scientific services company formed in 2012 to support next generation medical products. The company is headquartered in Bethesda, Md with offices in Frederick, Md and Cambridge, Mass.
Perakslis will provide strategic and scientific guidance to the Precision leadership team in the development, acquisition, and execution of products and services in the rapidly evolving field of bioinformatics and health information technology.
In addition to his role at Precision, Perakslis serves as the Executive Director of the Center for Biomedical Informatics and the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. Prior to joining Harvard, Perakslis held the position of Chief Information Officer and Chief Scientist of Informatics at the Food and Drug Administration. Perakslis joined the FDA after a distinguished career in executive leadership at Johnson & Johnson, where his positions included Chief Information Officer, Director of Research Information Technology, and Director of Drug Discovery Research.
"Dr. Perakslis is an important addition to the Precision for Medicine leadership team," said Mark Clein, Precision President, in a statement. "Informatics and information technology are at the center of the advances taking place in drug development and Dr. Perakslis brings a rare combination of insight, experience, and success from his leadership experience in industry, government, and academia."
"The pressure to find a better and lower cost path for drug development is intensifying and the requirements of health reform only increase the need for specialized scientific expertise and health information technology," said Perakslis. "I look forward to working with the Precision for Medicine team to identify and develop innovative approaches, technologies, and partners to address these challenges and support next generation 'precision medicine'. "
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Send a massive e-mail to the females
Tell 'em where to meet us, give em the details
Lyric Meaning
Dear Entire Female Gender,
Hey! It's Nas. I'm bored. Lets hang out. Come to my yacht. If you're wondering how I got all your E-mail adresses, I'm the fucking G.O.A.T.
Improve the quality of Summer On Smash Lyrics by leaving a suggestion at the bottom of the page


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Teen in custody after allegedly leading officer on chase
Updated: 01/17/2013 - The officer first spotted the juvenile riding on a bike near Carver Terrace. He knew the teen was wanted, so he started to pursue him. The juvenile spotted the officer and tried cutting through Pacers Run apartments on his bicycle.


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Learn more about the leadership and clients – large and small and from more than 30 sectors – that we work with around the world.
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Highlights from the Conservative party conference
By Martin Le Jeune
8 October 2015
How did the conference go for New Old Labour?
By Hannah Marwood
2 October 2015
Trust is earned when reputation becomes central to every business decision, but it is a job that requires constant refinement and evolution
By Chris Norton
8 September 2015


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Tel: (610)353-7630
463 students
Private for-profit
Private for-profit
The mission of CHI Institute is to provide higher education with quality programs that integrate professional skills and career focus to empower students in developing and achieving both their personal and career potentials.
School Highlights:
Kaplan Career Institute-Broomall serves 463 students (100.00% of students are full-time).
The college's student:teacher ratio of 42:1 is higher than the community college average of 24:1.
Minority enrollment is 62% of the student body (majority Black), which is more than the state average of 42%.
School Overview
The teacher population of 11 teachers has declined by 78% over five years.
|Total Enrollment
|463 students
|1,297 students
|Student : Teacher Ratio
|# Full-Time Students
|463 students
|816 students
|% Asian
|% Hispanic
|% Black
|% White
|% Unknown races
|Diversity ScoreThe chance that two students selected at random would be members of a different ethnic group. Scored from 0 to 1, a diversity score closer to 1 indicates a more diverse student body.
School Notes:
For decades, CHI Institute has trained thousands of graduates for outstanding career opportunities in Computers, Electronics, Medical and Technical Trades. Whether you are just starting out, re-training, changing careers or upgrading your skills, CHI Institute can help prepare you to meet the demands of today's employers. Our specialized Associate Degree and Diploma programs are designed specifically with this goal in mind. CHI Institute has two convenient locations in the Philadelphia, PA area and is part of a nationwide network of over 60 schools offering quality career-focused education. CHI Institute is located at 1991 Sproul Road, Suite 42, Broomall, Pennsylvania and is housed entirely in one building containing more than 44,200 square feet. CHI Institute offers different programs at each of the two locations. Programs offered at Broomall location includes Medical Assisting, Pharmacy Technician, Electrician, Computer Networking, Computer Programming, Networking Engineering Technology, Dental Assistant, Medical Assistant with Phlebotomy, Surgical Technology, Heating, Refrigeration, & A/C and Computer Repair Technician. CHI Institute, Broomall location is accredited by The Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges of Technology (ACCSCT).
Nearby Schools:
- College Location Mi. Students
Media901 S Media Line Rd
Media, PA 19063
(610)359-50001.99 Mi | 13,198 students
Media800 Manchester Ave
Media, PA 19063
(800)422-00254.06 Mi | 761 students
Upper Darby6800 Market Street
Upper Darby, PA 19082
(610)789-67004.27 Mi | 429 students
Bryn Mawr750 Montgomery Ave
Bryn Mawr, PA 19010
(610)525-41004.72 Mi | 1,614 students
Wayne1001 Eagle Rd
Wayne, PA 19087
(610)989-14516.67 Mi | 267 students
Recent Articles
Short Term Commitment – Long Term Benefits: Three Study-Abroad Options for Community College Students
Updated September 15, 2015
While study abroad has long been considered an option only for students at four-year colleges and universities, there are actually many options for community college students who would like to experience studying in another country.
Recently, a measure passed that allows community colleges in California to offer 4 year degrees. Until now such offerings have been the sole province of other institutions. Now, the game has changed.
Air traffic controllers enjoy secure, interesting work. Earning a degree in ATC at a community college is an excellent first step to securing a job.


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Slow Cooker BBQ Beef Brisket
Chopped chipotles and adobo sauce add a delicious smokiness to this barbecue recipe. For more heat, add a few more peppers; for less, skip the peppers and just use the sauce.
Total Time:
Level: Easy
Serves: 6
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- 1 can tomato sauce
- ¼ c. molasses
- 2 tbsp. cider vinegar
- 2 tbsp. brown sugar
- 1 tbsp. chopped chipotles in adobo plus 2 tsp adobo sauce
- 2 tsp. chili powder
- Kosher salt and pepper
- 2 red onions
- 2 clove garlic
- 2½ lb. beef brisket
- 6 Rolls
- Coleslaw, pickles and potato chips, for serving
- In a 5- to 6-qt slow cooker, combine the tomato sauce, molasses, vinegar, brown sugar, chipotles, adobo sauce, chili powder, 1/2 tsp salt and 1/4 tsp pepper; mix in onions and garlic.
- Cut the beef crosswise into 3 pieces and add it to the slow cooker, nestling it among the onions. Cook, covered, until the meat is tender and easily pulls apart, on low for 7 to 8 hours or on high for 5 to 6 hours.
- Using 2 forks, shred the beef, then stir it into the cooking liquid and onions. Serve on the rolls with coleslaw, pickles and chips, if desired.
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5 of the Biggest Baking Mistakes People Make
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Baked Apple Roses Are SO Much Easier to Make Than You Think
Trying not to eat them all in one sitting will be the hard part.
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Robert Bosch Automotive and IBM Create Engineering Platform for Smarter, Faster and Safer Vehicle Components and Systems
Continuous engineering, open standards help streamline product creation and reduce deployment hurdles
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ARMONK, NY & STUTTGART, GERMANY - 07 May 2014: IBM (NYSE: IBM) and Robert Bosch GmbH today announced a collaboration to create a new, data-driven systems engineering platform to more efficiently and accurately develop intelligent, interconnected automotive products. Built on open standards and IBM design tools, the continuous engineering software platform can quickly scale to thousands of partners, clients, engineers and technicians. By engaging all relevant stakeholders in the automotive supply chain and elevating the right data from them, the standards-based platform will cornerstone Bosch's long term vision for cross-industry collaboration to quickly deliver increasingly smarter vehicles.
Driven by innovation in consumer electronics technology, the automotive sector is under immense evolutionary pressure. Today's vehicles are more connected than ever – containing as many as 100 computerized controllers and 10 million lines of software code. As vehicle complexity continues to rise, automotive suppliers must address pressures to reduce costs and to innovate quickly, while also managing the intense challenge of delivering vehicle quality.
Bosch recognized this need for standards-based integration between all engineering teams and organizations in the supply chain. Additionally, an emerging generation of software engineers is increasingly demanding more transparent communication, flexibility and collaboration across the industry. By unlocking core engineering processes across teams and development partners, the IBM platform enables Bosch to achieve a key component of efficient engineering by establishing a strategic, transparent reuse approach.
"Our aim is greater agility, accelerating product innovation and delivery," said Dirk Hoheisel, Board Member at Robert Bosch GmbH. "By implementing a software and systems design platform founded on integration and reuse, we're able to improve our integration and increase development quality – setting higher safety and quality standards not only for our company, but for the industry as a whole."
The IBM solution was selected for its ability to easily scale and become adopted by multiple disciplines and organizations across the company. Through this advantage, Bosch is able to execute its long term initiative of a standards-based platform for end-to-end efficiency and strategic reuse of engineering artifacts. As a result, Bosch believes it will easily meet safety and maturity standards such as ISO26262, ASPICE, AUTOSAR and others as they continue to evolve.
"Strategic reuse and the ability to unlock engineering knowledge are core components of what IBM has coined 'Continuous Engineering'," said Kristof Kloeckner, General Manager of IBM Rational Software. "Through process advisory and automation, our design and development tools allow our automotive clients, such as Robert Bosch GmbH, to streamline product creation and eliminate deployment hurdles ‑ enabling them to be more competitive and agile by focusing on innovation. By building our platforms on open standards, our clients can subsequently scale such tools broadly and rapidly, establishing a standard and common thread to work as one global team."
Bosch's engineering platform is founded upon Continuous Engineering principles and built on IBM's technology for systems and software engineering. This includes IBM Rational solutions covering Requirement, Design and Quality Management, Collaboration and Engineering Lifecycle Management.
For more information, visit http://www.ibm.com/us/en/ and http://www.bosch-home.com/us/
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- Infineon and Bosch sign a collaboration contract for power semiconductors
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How do I register for a continuing education course or workshop?
For events hosted by the Olathe School District, SWPRSC, ESSDACK, KC TechNet and MNU, registration information is given at the workshop itself. If earning credit in conjunction with CoolTeachersOnline.com, registration is processed through that company and communicated back to MNU.
- MidAmerica Nazarene University—Register for a class.
- SWPRSC—Register for a class.
- ESSDACK—Register for a class.
- National Math Foundation—Register for a class.
- Southcentral KS SpEd Cooperative—Register for a class.
- Anthony Harper Chaparral School District—Register for a class.
- KC TechNet—Register for a class.
- Area School Districts—Register for a class.
- CoolTeachersOnline.com—Register for a class.
When registering with MNU, you will receive a confirmation email, which contains all your account information. The information is important as it allows you to check your grade. In addition, this information will not change from one course to another so please keep it in a safe place for later reference.
Issues with registration through MNU should be reported to Glenna Murray, firstname.lastname@example.com
When and how do I get my transcript?
Transcripts are requested through the Registrar's Office and our Transcript Request Form. No one can request your transcripts but you. Our offices are not able to submit your forms to the registrar on your behalf. All must be processed by you, the student. Do not submit your request until after three weeks have passed from the date of the session. If you do, you will receive a transcript of any work PRIOR to the newest session you attended.
On average, the registrar needs 5 business days to process a transcript request. Please take this time into account when taking classes. If you need credit by a given date due to an expiring license, you'll want to take a class early enough to ensure the paperwork can be processed in time.
What if I have an unresolved fee balance ?
Any continuing education student with an unresolved fee balance will not be able to enroll in additional continuing education courses until the outstanding balance has been resolved. Please contact the Cashier's Office if you have an unresolved fee balance by calling 913.971.3504.
Contact the Department of Teacher Education
Glenna Murray, Administrative Assistant: 913.971.3292
Pam Burrus, Teacher Education Grant Administrator: 913.971.3528
MidAmerica Nazarene University
Attn: Teacher Education Department
2030 East College Way
Olathe KS 66062-1899
Fax: 913.971.3002
Office Hours
8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday
Related Stories from the MNU Newsroom
Unconference for Educators June 3 and…
MNU's School of Education is hosting an Unconference June 3 and 4 from 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. in Bell Cultural Events Center on the Olathe campus. Part of the summer workshops and… Read More
Relationships Make the Difference
With experience teaching AP language and composition, yearbook, graphic design, web, animation, video classes, 9th, 10th and 11th grade English, and coaching baseball and… Read More
MNU Celebrates Dr. Seuss Day
Schools across the country are celebrating the birthday of Dr. Seuss, Mar. 2, 1904, with reading events and parties this week. Today MNU faculty and staff are taking the party to… Read More


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Sophomore guard Malina Hood.
Dec. 9, 2013
Sophomore guard Malina Hood of the women's basketball team has been named the USD Muscle Milk Student Athlete of the Week for the week of December 2nd to December 8th. Hood recorded double-digit scoring efforts in both of the Toreros games this week including setting a career-high with 19 points in a win over Cal State Fullerton. She helped lead the Toreros to a 2-0 record this week as they improve to 9-0 on the season.
Hood has done most of her damage from beyond the arc as she has been lighting it up from three point range. She went 5-9 from three point range in recording her career-high 19 points against Cal State Fullerton and 3-5 from beyond the arc recording 12 points in a win over Seattle University.
The Toreros are on the road this Friday versus Long Beach State and return home December 20th when they host UC Irvine. They are currently receiving votes in the national rankings and would become the first nationally ranked basketball team in school history should they crack the Top 25 this season.
LMU Preview
Pack the Stadium Night
ITA All-American's Preview
Petronijevic, Angus, & Vittek Prepare
Marist Preview
USD Looks to Extend Home Win Streak
Valparaiso Preview
Toreros First True Road Game of 2015
CSUN and UCSB Preview
Toreros Look to Extend Win Streak
Aztec Invite Recap
Both Squads Finish Second
SDSU Preview
Toreros Take on Cross-town Rival
WNMU Recap
Highlights from 45-21 win
2015 Home Opener
Previewing Western New Mexico
Volleyball Tournament Preview
A preview of the USD Tournament
Men's Soccer Season Opener
Previewing No. 16 Cal
Training Camp Update
Coach Lindsey Recaps the First Two Weeks
2015 WSOC Preview
A brief preview of the 2015 Toreros.
Download Schedules: Add to calendar


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Category Archives: Friends of ACFW
Measuring Greatness
By Loretta Eidson Recently, I posted this quote by Mark Twain on Hootsuite: Great people can make you feel that, you too, can become great. I've heard numerous times throughout my life that if we want to be smart we … Continue reading →
Summer book overload…send help!
By Dana Mentink Hi, all. Dana Mentink here. Summer is a special time for an elementary school teacher/writer. As we settle into that nice long break from school, my summer goal is the same this year as it has been … Continue reading →
Double Cross – Romantic Suspense Musical?
by DiAnn Mills Writers often invent ways to challenge their minds and explore various means of creating story. Our goal is to fashion unforgettable characters and develop distinct plots. All the while we're reading books by our favorite authors, viewing … Continue reading →
Something is Greater than Nothing
By Anne Mateer I'm not very good at math. Never have been. I still have to use cheats to add and subtract, multiply and divide. Recently, however, I did have a mathematical epiphany. (And yes, it has to do with … Continue reading →
Top Blogging Mistakes Made by Authors Online
By Edie Melson Blogging is a great way to connect with our online audience. And while there are a lot more people out there doing it well, I still see some common mistakes. These things affect a blog, making readers … Continue reading →
Setting – the First Character You Create in a Story
By Mary Ellis What first comes to mind if someone mentions the television show, Hawaii 5-0? The muscular actor who plays Commander Steve McGarrett, or perhaps a clever plot twist in an episode involving identity theft? More likely it's a … Continue reading →
A Star in the Heavens
By Christine Sunderland My good friend, wise counselor, sacrificial priest, and loving pastor, Archbishop Robert S. Morse, recently left us for Heaven at the age of 91. He is gathering with others before him, along the heavenly river that runs … Continue reading →
Earning a Reputation
by Christa Kinde As an author, I have a reputation. I'm not ashamed of it, but it isn't really the sort of label I had in mind when I set out to tell stories. Now, I'm not talking about those … Continue reading →
By Kariss Lynch Authentic. That's ultimately what we want, right? We want a story that moves us, motivates us, makes us forget our troubles for a few hours, that makes us laugh or cry or jump, that leaves us still … Continue reading →
Myth: BUSTED!
By Elizabeth B. Elliott If you have ever watched the show MythBusters on the Discovery channel, then you know the goal of co-hosts Jamie Hyneman and Adam Savage is to prove or disprove the veracity of commonly held beliefs. Putting … Continue reading →
Have You Overlooked a Good Resource?
by Patricia Bradley One of the best kept secrets resources at ACFW is this blog. I mean, where else can you go and find blogs on just about every aspect of writing and all in one place? Or go to … Continue reading →
One Rule for Handling Book Reviews
by Beth K. Vogt I had a rough day a couple of weeks ago. My daughter fell and badly sprained her ankle. My 96-year-old mother-in-law fell in her kitchen, which I've determined is her personal Bermuda Triangle. After 4 firefighters … Continue reading →
When You Want to Give Up
By Tamara D. Fickas There's a picture floating around Facebook of a guy eagerly digging a tunnel in search of diamonds. He's been at it a long time and finally gives up. We can see the whole picture and know … Continue reading →
A Good Reading Chair
By Cynthia Ruchti How many of us live quiet lives in quiet homes with a comfortable reading chair we use strictly for our quiet post-dinner hour reading sessions? A few of us. Most read on planes, in waiting rooms, before … Continue reading →
God, 10 Miles
by Nancy Ellen Hird Have you ever traveled a barren stretch of highway? Have you traveled such a road, your mouth growing drier by the nanosecond and your stomach growling like an angry bear? Your eyes dart to the side … Continue reading →


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by Judd Legum May 11, 2015
Details of the incident are murky.
by Carimah Townes Apr 30, 2015
How the Washington Post just bought into a regurgitated power play.
by Nicole Flatow Jan 10, 2015
t's at least the fourth time Zimmerman has been accused of violence since he was acquitted in the killing of Trayvon Martin.
by Travis Waldron Dec 9, 2014
The NBA's biggest superstar has not-so-quietly become one of the sports world's most socially conscious -- and outspoken -- voices.
by Alice Ollstein Nov 26, 2014
Wilson and Zimmerman tell eerily similar stories.
by Jessica Goldstein Aug 18, 2014
"When a black body is murdered, or killed, life goes on."
by Nicole Flatow Apr 3, 2014
The only bill Florida has passed since the death of Trayvon Martin expands immunity to those who threaten gun violence, and makes secret Stand Your Ground records.
by Rebecca Leber Mar 10, 2014
The only thing Zimmerman is famous for is killing an unarmed black teenager.
by Rebecca Leber & Nicole Flatow Feb 26, 2014
Trayvon Martin was shot and killed two years ago today while walking back from a convenience store carrying skittles and an iced tea, but no gun. Yet, in much of the country, Stand Your Ground laws have gotten even worse.
by Nicole Flatow Feb 23, 2014
"We know that race is an element of our case and that cannot be denied," Lucia McBath said Sunday.


text:
Page 1
2008;68:9050-9059. Cancer Res
Sabina Sangaletti, Emma Di Carlo, Silvia Gariboldi, et al.
Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions toward Metastasis
Macrophage-Derived SPARC Bridges Tumor
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Macrophage-Derived SPARC Bridges Tumor Cell-Extracellular
Matrix Interactions toward Metastasis
Sabina Sangaletti,
Mariella Parenza,
Claudia Chiodoni,
1Emma Di Carlo,
1Cristiano Rumio,
1and Mario P. Colombo
3Silvia Gariboldi,
2Rolf A. Brekken,
2Silvia Miotti,
1Barbara Cappetti,
1Department of Experimental Oncology, Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere
Scientifico, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori;
3Department of Oncology and Neurosciences, Surgical Pathology Section,''G. d'Annunzio'' University and Ce.S.I. Aging Research
Center,''G. d'Annunzio'' University Foundation, Chieti, Italy; and
for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
2Department of Human Morphology, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy;
4Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, Hamon Center
Other than genetic imprinting and epithelial to mesenchymal
transition, cancer cells need interaction with the nearby
stroma toward metastasis. Secreted protein acidic and rich
in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular protein known to
regulate extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and cell-ECM
interaction. Gene expression profiles associate SPARC to
malignant progression. Using reciprocal bone marrow chime-
ras between SPARC knockout and wild-type mice, we show that
SPARC produced by inflammatory cells is necessary for
spontaneous, but not experimental, i.v. metastasis. Macro-
phage-derived SPARC induces cancer cell migration and
enhances their migration to other ECM proteins at least
through AvB5integrin. Indeed, RNA interference knockdown of
B5 integrin expression reduces cell migration in vitro and
metastasis in vivo. Together these results show that macro-
phage-derived SPARC takes part in metastasis, acting at the
step of integrin-mediated migration of invasive cells. [Cancer
Res 2008;68(21):9050–9]
Metastatic cells leaving the primary tumor gain access to blood
vessels through processes that require de-adhesion from the tumor
mass, invasion into surrounding tissue, and intravasation. Extrav-
asation is then required to seed the secondary organ. To
successfully complete this complex cascade, tumor cells require a
permissive microenvironment and productive heterotypic inter-
actions with host cell (1, 2). Macrophages can affect the tumor
microenvironment by providing trophic factors and promoting
tumor cell migration and intravasation (3). Macrophages, recruited
by tumor-derived colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), produce
epidermal growth factor (EGF) that activates tumor cell migration
(3, 4). Indeed, in many human cancers, macrophage infiltration
correlates with poor prognosis (5).
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), also known
as osteonectin or BM-40, is a matricellular glycoprotein involved in
tissue remodeling and repair that regulates cell-extracellular matrix
(ECM) interaction (6). Gene expression profiling applied to breast
cancer identified SPARC as a marker of poor prognosis and
metastasis (7, 8). In general, SPARC has been associated with
advanced breast, head and neck, stomach, and prostate cancers,
melanoma, and glioma.
Different results come from studies showing the effect of SPARC
produced autonomously by cancer cells. SPARC inhibits prolifer-
ation of the MDA-MB-231 carcinoma cell line, whereas its
metastatic clone LM2 requires SPARC for lung virulence (9). On
the contrary, forced SPARC expression by adenoviral infection in
the same cell line results in metastasis inhibition (10).
Colon carcinoma cell lines that down-regulate SPARC expres-
sions acquire resistance to chemotherapy, and addition of
recombinant SPARC restores susceptibility to chemotherapy and
apoptosis via caspase-8 (11). Accordingly, colon carcinomas
negative for SPARC expression are associated with a poor
prognosis (12). Similarly, ovarian, lung, and pancreatic carcinomas
down-regulate SPARC by promoter methylation during progression
(13–15). The reason why SPARC alternatively enhances or halts
tumor progression is largely unknown. Complexity may stem from
the cell origin and the complex interplay between SPARC produced
by tumor and nearby stroma cells. Host-derived SPARC has been
described as tumor suppressor for ovarian cancer via modulation
of cell surface clustering and expression of av integrins, thus
altering growth factor–stimulated survival signaling pathways
including focal adhesion kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase,
and AKT (16). In this regard, a study on glioma shows that down-
regulation of SPARC expression by short interfering RNA decreases
tumor cell survival and invasion, reducing focal adhesion kinase
and AKTactivation (17). In contrast to ovarian cancer, melanoma is
not influenced by host-derived SPARC (18).
No better insight comes from mouse studies. In mice lacking
SPARC, Lewis lung carcinoma cells grow faster whereas N2C
mammary carcinoma cells grow slower in N4 backcrosses to B6
and fully congenic BALB/c knockout (KO) mice, respectively
(19, 20). Although these contrasting results have been explained on
the basis of the different type of collagen whose proteolysis
generates fragments favoring or inhibiting tumor angiogenesis in
Lewis lung carcinoma and N2C tumors, respectively, other
mechanisms are likely in place. Cell motility is related to collagen
density. For example, dendritic cells can move quickly to draining
lymph nodes and activate an early immune response because of
scarce and loose collagen present in SPARC KO mice (21). With this
premise, it might also be possible that tumor cells move easily in
the SPARC-null environment, increasing their metastatic potential.
Note: Supplementary data for this article are available at Cancer Research Online
Requests for reprints: Mario P. Colombo, Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy
Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Nazionale
dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy. Phone: 39-2-2390-2252; Fax: 39-2-2390-
2630; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com.
I2008 American Association for Cancer Research.
Cancer Res 2008; 68: (21). November 1, 2008
Research Article
on June 3, 2013. © 2008 American Association for Cancercancerres.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from
Page 3
Few studies have linked SPARC to metastasis. One reported an
association between SPARC expression and lung colonization after
i.v. injection of breast carcinoma cells (9). Another clearly showed a
role of SPARC in promoting prostate carcinoma cell growth into
purified bone matrix (22). To study the function of SPARC, in
metastasis, we used the 4T1 mammary carcinoma, perhaps the
most compelling model of spontaneous metastasis (23). We found
that i.v. injection of 4T1 cells into SPARC KO mice resulted in
significant lung colonization. In contrast, spontaneous lung
metastases from mammary fat pad were reduced in SPARC KO
mice compared with wild-type (wt) animals. We investigated the
mechanism responsible for such a difference. We report here the
characterization of the cell type producing the relevant SPARC and
provide evidence that SPARC promotes cell migration and
metastasis by modulating integrin-ECM interaction.
Materials and Methods
Cell lines, mice, and tumors. 4T1 (CRL-2539, LGC-Promochem) is a
thioguanine-resistant carcinoma cell line (24). Female BALB/cAnNCrl mice,
8 to 10 wk old, were purchased from Charles River Laboratories. Congenic
BALB/c Thy 1.1 mice were kindly provided by H. Levitsky (John Hopkins
University, Baltimore, MD). SPARC KO mice on a BALB/c background have
been described previously (20). Mice were maintained at Istituto Nazionale
Tumori under standard conditions according to institutional guidelines;
experiments were authorized by the Institute Ethical Committee for
animal use.
Chimeric SPARC?/?(Thy 1.2) > SPARC+/+(Thy 1.1) as well as SPARC+/+
(Thy 1.1) > SPARC?/?(Thy 1.2) mice (from here and thereafter indicated as
wt > KO and KO > wt) were obtained as described (20). Engraftment was
verified 8 wk after bone marrow transplant by staining peripheral blood
mononuclear cells with FITC-conjugated mouse anti-mouse Thy 1.1 and
phycoerythrin-conjugated mouse anti-mouse Thy 1.2, as well as isotype
control FITC- and phycoerythrin-conjugated mouse IgG2a.
SPARC KO and mouse chimeras were injected orthotopically or i.v. with
7 ? 1034T1 cells. The lungs and primary tumor were harvested 28 d after
tumor cell injection (14 d if injected i.v.) and evaluated by clonogenic assay
and histology, respectively. For histology, tumors were embedded in optimal
cutting medium, rapidly frozen, and sectioned at 5 Am, or fixed in 4%
paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned.
Clonogenic assay. Lungs were removed, minced, and digested with a
collagenase IV/elastase (Worthington) solution for 140 min 4jC. The
suspension was filtered with a cell strainer (BD) and centrifuged. Cells were
washed and resuspended in DMEM containing thioguanine (10 Ag/mL) and
seeded in 100-mm3Petri dishes at three dilutions (1:2, 1:10, and 1:100).
Colonies were allowed to grow for 2 wk and then fixed with methanol
(BDH) and stained with methylene blue.
Plasmids for short interfering RNA of B5-integrin and cell
transfection. Targets for RNA interference were selected using the
prediction software available from Ambion, Inc. The following oligonucle-
otide sequences were annealed and cloned into the pSilencer 1.0-U6 vector
(ambion): 400 forward, 5¶-GGCAAACCTCATCCGGAATTTCAAGAGAATT-
CCGGATGAGGTTTGCCTTTTTT; 400 reverse, 5¶-AATTAAAAAAGGCAAA-
forward, 5¶-GGACATCTCTCCTTTCTCCTTCAAGAGAGGAGAAAGGAGA-
GATGTCCTTTTTT; 754 reverse, 5¶-GGACATCTCTCCTTTCTCCTTCAAGA-
GAGGAGAAAGGAGAGATGTCCTTTTTT; 1381 forward, 5¶-TCTCTTCTT-
CACTGCCACCTTCAAGAGAGGTGGCAGTGAAGAAGAGATTTTTT; and
1381 reverse, 5¶-TCTCTTCTTCACTGCCACCTTCAAGAGAGGTGGCAGT-
GAAGAAGAGATTTTTT. The annealed oligos were cloned into ApaI and
EcoRI sites. All plasmids were sequenced to verify accuracy.
For transfection, 4T1 cells were grown to 70% confluence and transfected
using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen Corporation) according to the
manufacturer's instructions. To create stable lines, the cells were selected
with 600 Ag/mL puromycin for 3 wk. The RNA interference effect was tested
by flow cytometry for expression of h5-integrin by using a polyclonal rabbit
Antibodies, histology, and immunohistochemistry. The following
anti-SPARC antibodies have been used: monoclonal antibody (mAb) 303 and
mAb 293 (25), a commercial monoclonal raised in rat (clone 124413), and a
polyclonal raised in goat (R&D Systems Europe). To detect integrin h5, we
used a polyclonal rabbit antibody from Abcam (ab15459) and a monoclonal
antihuman antibody (cross-reacting with mouse) from e-Bioscience (clone
KN52, functional grade endotoxin free) as blocking antibody in migration
assays. Also from Abcam were the polyclonal rabbit antibody to N-cadherin
(ab12221), the polyclonal goat anti–phosphorylated vascular endothelial
growth factor receptor 2 (ab38473), and the mAb to vimentin (clone RV202).
a-Smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) mAb (clone 1A4) was from Sigma. From
Calbiochem (Merck KGaA) we obtained the mAb to E-cadherin (clone
ECCD-2). To detect or block integrin h1 (CD29) we used a mAb from
Biolegend (clone HMB1-1, functional grade). To detect integrin h3(CD61),
we used a mAb from Becton Dickinson (clone 2C9-G2). Also from Becton
Dickinson was the mAb to CD31 (clone MEC 13.3). To visualize SPARC,
paraffin sections were boiled for 5 min in a pressure cooker. Pan-
cytokeratin, F4/80, and a-SMA immunostaining required an antigen retrival
in citrate buffer (DakoCytomation; 10 min). Immunostaining of frozen
sections was done as previously described (20).
Double immunofluorescent staining and laser scanning confocal
analyses. Acetone-fixed frozen sections were rehydrated in PBS and
incubated for 30 min with the first primary antibody. The sections were
washed in PBS and then incubated for 30 min with biotinylated secondary
antibody, washed, and incubated with Alexa Fluor 488–conjugated
streptavidin (Molecular Probes) for 20 to 30 min. After washing, sections
were incubated for 30 min with the second primary antibody, washed again,
and incubated for 30 min with biotinylated secondary antibody. After
washing, sections were incubated with Alexa Fluor 594–conjugated
streptavidin for 20 to 30 min and then washed. Cross-reaction between
the first secondary antibody and Alexa Fluor 594 was prevented by
saturation of all its binding sites with Alexa Fluor 488. Slides were mounted
with Vectashield medium (Vector Laboratories) and examined with a Zeiss
LSM 510 Meta laser scanning confocal microscope.
Flow cytometry. Flask-cultured 4T1 and 4T1h5
detached and stained for 60 min at room temperature with h5integrin,
CD61, and SPARC antibodies diluted in PBS for cell surface staining or in
saponin buffer 0.2% saponin and 0.5% bovine serum albumin (Sigma-
Aldrich) for intracellular staining. Isotype-matched IgGs were used as
controls. Cells were analyzed with a FACSCalibur (Becton Dickinson).
Migration assays. The underside of the Transwell filter inserts (6.5 mm;
Costar) were coated with 10 Ag/mL of fibronectin (Sigma), multimeric
vitronectin from bovine plasma (Oxford Biomedical Research, UK), rat tail
collagen type I (Becton Dickinson), and/or 200 ng of mouse SPARC purified
from parietal yolk sac (Sigma) or recombinant human SPARC (ProSci)
overnight at 4jC. The inserts were air-dried, and freshly trypsinized 4T1 or
transwell insert. The lower chamber was filled with 10% FCS supplemented
medium. In some cases, cells were incubated with 5 Ag/mL of functional
grade endotoxin-free antibodies against av(Chemicon, CD51, RMV-7 clone),
h5integrin (e-Bioscence, KN52 clone), or SPARC (mAb 303), or with RGD or
RGES peptides (Sigma).
Cells were allowed to migrate overnight at 37jC. Nonmigrated cells were
gently removed from the topside of the filter by scrubbing twice with cotton
swab moistened with FCS-free medium. Cells on transwell insert were
stained with Diff-Quik stain kit (PBI international) and washed with
distilled water. Finally filters were removed from the insert and mounted on
cover glass. The number of migrated cells was counted under a microscope
in 10 randomly chosen high-power fields by two different observers.
Bone marrow macrophage preparation. Bone marrow from wt and
SPARC KO mice was harvested by flushing femurs and tibias with medium.
Cells were resuspended at 2 ? 106/mL in cRPMI 1640 (Life Technologies,
Inc.) supplemented with 5 ng/mL of macrophage colony-stimulating factor
(M-CSF). On day 5 of culture, medium was replaced with fresh medium
containing M-CSF. On day 6, adherent cells were harvested and
silcells were gently
silcells were added in serum-free media to the upper chamber of the
Macrophages Promote Metastasis via SPARC
Cancer Res 2008; 68: (21). November 1, 2008
on June 3, 2013. © 2008 American Association for Cancercancerres.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from
Page 4
phenotypically characterized by mAbs to F4/80 and CD40 at flow cytometry.
For in vitro migration experiments, 5 ? 105macrophages from wt and
SPARC KO were allowed to attach for 2 h at 37jC to the underside face of a
24-mm transwell insert (Costar). 4T1cells (5 ? 105) were labeled with the
PKH-26 vital dye, following the manufacturer's instructions (Sigma), and
added in serum-free medium to the upper chamber of the transwell insert.
The lower chamber was filled with serum-free DMEM added with
lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 200 ng/mL; from Sigma) and IFN-g (500 units/
mL; Peprotech). 4T1 cells were allowed to migrate for 24 h, then cells were
harvested with trypsin. Harvested cells (macrophages + migrated 4T1 cells)
were counted with a hemocytometer. The number of migrated PKH-26+4T1
cells was determined as percentage of PKH-26+cells on total migrated cells
by flow cytometry.
SPARC requirement for metastasis. The 4T1 mammary
carcinoma cell line, once injected into the mammary fat pad,
spreads to several distant organs. 4T1 cells possess 6-thioguanine
resistance, and their metastases are easily detected easily by plating
dissociated organs under drug selection; resistant colonies are
considered representative of individual clonogenic tumor cells. We
injected 4T1 carcinoma cell lines into wt and SPARC KO mice.
Although the growth of the primary tumor was similar in the two
mouse lines (Fig. 1A), clonogenic assay revealed numerous
metastases in the lungs of wt but a paucity in the lungs of SPARC
KO mice (Fig. 1B). We also observed a significant decrease of 4T1
metastases in liver, lymph nodes, and brain of SPARC KO, but not
wt, mice (Supplementary Table S1). Injection of the same cells into
the tail vein, however, gave rise to lung metastasis without
differences between wt and KO mice either counted in a clonogenic
assay at day 14 (Fig. 1C) or as macrometastases at day 28 (data not
shown). These results indicate that 4T1 cells require host SPARC to
leave the primary tumor but not to seed in distant organs.
Bone marrow–derived SPARC is required for metastasis.
Immunohistochemical analysis of 4T1 tumors grown in either wt
or SPARC KO mice shows neoplastic cells that express SPARC at
low level. Accordingly, in vitro 4T1 cells produce a low amount of
SPARC in comparison with other carcinoma cell lines as tested by
ELISA (4T1, 20 ng/mL; CT26 colon carcinoma, 177 ng/mL; and N2C
mammary carcinoma, 200 ng/mL) or immunofluorescence. How-
ever, inside tumors from wt mice, SPARC was strongly expressed by
infiltrating leukocytes endowed with widespread cytoplasmic
processes that encircled tumor cells (Fig. 2A, a and b). Double
immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy analyses revealed
that most of these SPARC-expressing inflammatory cells were
macrophages (Mac-1+cells; Fig. 2A, c–e) and, to a little extent, were
lymphocytes (Fig. 2A, f–h). Accordingly, Western blot analysis of
primary tumors from SPARC KO mice revealed negligible SPARC
expression in such tumors (data not shown), thus confirming the
major role of inflammatory cells as source of SPARC. To attribute
a functional role to SPARC produced by inflammatory cells in
invasion, bone marrow from SPARC KO mice was transplanted into
irradiated wt mice (KO > wt) and wt bone marrow was transferred
into SPARC KO mice (wt > KO); in both combinations, host and
donor were congenic for the Thy 1 marker. Eight weeks after bone
marrow transplantation, 4T1 cells were injected into the mammary
fat pad of fully engrafted mice. SPARC KO mice that received wt
bone marrow showed numerous metastasis whereas wt mice that
received SPARC KO bone marrow had few metastases (Fig. 2B).
Considering that leukocyte infiltration is not affected in tumors
from SPARC KO mice (Fig. 2C), it is likely that the SPARC they
produce, rather than their number, is responsible for the metastatic
Host SPARC does not influence epithelial to mesenchymal
transition. To study the mechanism underlying SPARC activity in
metastasis, we tested the possibility that SPARC may induce
epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in 4T1 cells, which is a
key step toward metastasis. During EMT, epithelial cells lose the
epithelial E-cadherin and acquire the mesenchymal markers
N-cadherin and vimentin (26). Immunohistochemistry and immu-
nofluorescence done on primary tumors, either sectioned or
dissociated into cell suspension, showed no difference in the
expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin (Fig. 3), and vimentin (data
not shown) between tumors collected from wt and SPARC KO
mice. E-cadherin, in particular, was expressed on cell surface or
within cytoplasm inside the tumor while absent at the tumor edge
Figure 1. SPARC is required for spontaneous metastasis. 4T1 cells were
injected into the mammary fat pad (A and B) or i.v. (C) of wt (.) or SPARC KO
(o) mice. A, growth of primary tumor following mammary fat pad injection.
Points, mean volume (n = 20); bars, SD. B, spontaneous lung metastases from
tumors shown in A. Bars, median number of lung colonies. Clonogenic assay
was done 28 d after mammary fat pad cell injection. ***, P < 0.001, two-tailed
Mann-Whitney t test. C, experimental lung colonies after i.v. cell injection. Bars,
median number of lung metastasis. Clonogenic assay was done 14 d after
i.v. cell injection.
Cancer Research
Cancer Res 2008; 68: (21). November 1, 2008
on June 3, 2013. © 2008 American Association for Cancer cancerres.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from
Page 5
(Fig. 3A). This pattern of expression indicates that cells at the
leading edge acquire the mesenchymal phenotype regardless of
whether recipient mice produce SPARC. Should the low amount of
SPARC produced directly by 4T1 cells be sufficient to induce EMT
(27), it is, however, insufficient to move the metastatic process
Bone marrow–derived SPARC regulates fibronectin fiber
deposition. A well-known SPARC activity is the regulation of ECM
deposition (19, 20), an effect that we analyzed by Masson
trichrome, silver staining, or immunohistochemistry. A well-
developed or scant stroma characterized 4T1 tumors from wt or
SPARC KO mice, respectively. Distinct collagen deposition and a
robust fiber network characterized tumors from wt mice, whereas
faint collagen and a thin and fragile fiber network characterized
tumors from SPARC KO mice (Fig. 4A, a and b). In addition, 4T1
tumors grown in wt > KO chimeras showed a collagen content
and a fiber network similar to those of tumors grown in wt mice
(Fig. 4A, a and b), whereas tumors from KO > wt chimeras
phenocopied those from SPARC KO mice (data not shown). In
agreement to the fiber network, fibronectin staining was much
more prominent in tumors from wt or wt > KO chimeras than in
tumorsfromSPARCKOorKO>wtchimeras(Fig.4A–c anddatanot
shown). Additional confocal microscopy analysis shows macro-
phages spreading and colocalizing with fibronectin fibers in tumors
from wt, but not KO, mice. These data suggest that macrophages
can be a source of fibronectin in tumors (Supplementary Fig. S1), an
extension of what has been shown for fibroblasts (28), which, in the
absence of SPARC, cannot organize fibronectin fibers.
SPARC affects cell migration and spreading on fibronectin
fibers. Cell-matrix adhesive interactions involving basement
membrane components and fibronectin fibers play an active role
in tumor cell migration and metastasis (29). To test whether SPARC
affects cell migration to fibronectin, we combined fibronectin with
different amounts of SPARC before coating them onto the
underside face of transwell inserts. We found that SPARC enhanced
fibronectin-induced 4T1 cell migration in a dose-dependent
manner (Fig. 4B) and that such effect was inhibited by mAbs to
CD29 (h1-integrin), CD51 (av-integrin), and integrin h5(Fig. 4C),
indicating that a fibronectin receptor is likely involved (30, 31).
Moreover, SPARC enhanced 4T1 cell adhesion and spreading on
Figure 2. Bone marrow–derived SPARC affects 4T1
metastasis in vivo. A, SPARC is barely expressed
by neoplastic cells (faint staining of the tumor cell
cytoplasm) in 4T1 tumors grown in either wt (a)
or SPARC KO (b) mice; additional SPARC
expression in wt mice was found in cells that appear
as tumor-infiltrating inflammatory cells mostly
endowed with widespread cytoplasmic processes
that encircled the tumor cells (a and b, ?630;
inset, ?1,000). Accordingly, immunofluorescence
and confocal microscopy show that, in tumors from
wt mice, SPARC was mostly produced by Mac-1+
cells (c–e), but additional infiltrating cells with
small round morphology not overlapping Mac-1
(e, white square) were identified as CD3+T cells
(g and h, white squares) and found to contribute to
the overall SPARC production (f–h). Magnification,
?630 (a–c and f–h). Bar, 100 Am. B, spontaneous
lung metastasis in wt, SPARC KO mice, and wt > KO
and KO > wt chimeras. Bars, median number of lung
colonies. ***, P < 0.001, two-tailed Mann-Whitney
t test. C, mean number of CD11b+cells infiltrating
tumors from wt, KO, and the indicated bone marrow
chimeras. The increased number of infiltrating
macrophages regardless of SPARC expression in
bone marrow chimeras is likely due to a rebound
effect after total body irradiation. n.s., not significant
Macrophages Promote Metastasis via SPARC
Cancer Res 2008; 68: (21). November 1, 2008
on June 3, 2013. © 2008 American Association for Cancercancerres.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from


text:
It means that you're looking back to the first instant of the big bang. The cosmic microwave background that people have been studying came about a couple hundred thousand years after the big bang. It happened when the universe cooled off enough so that the charged particles around the electrons, protons, and so forth could form atoms and become neutral and therefore let light through. Otherwise light would completely be blocked so the universe was sort of like a black liquid that suddenly became clear before the light came out.
But that happened a couple thousand years after the big bang. Even all these lovely studies they have been doing on the cosmic microwave background are only looking to the universe after the first hundreds of thousands of years. These gravity waves came at the first instant, right at the very, very beginning of the big bang. So the amazing thing is that you're looking back at 35 orders of magnitude and further backwards in time.


text:
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#TBT: When Even a Tornado Couldn't Beat a Corvette
Last summer, an Oklahoma man came home to find a tornado had demolished his house and mangled his prized C5 Z06. But Corvettes don't die without a fight.
Comments | By Christian Moe - July 30, 2015
How To Lower your C5 Corvette
The Corvette C5 is an excellent choice of sports car for the driver who is looking for power, speed, performance and overall aesthetic quality. The vehicle is truly unique amongst other vehicles on the road. However, if you wish to make your car even more distinctive, you'll need to go about modifying it with the […] More »


text:
I thought some things were interesting, but I hear people say it s all crap, is he just lying or something?
Jess2787 26-30, F 3 Answers 0 May 13, 2014 in Movies & TV
I have not watched such "gao pei", but some people tell me this show is only pure "ngao si" (Chinese for "bull$h!+") that we call "gao pei" (dog f@r+, breaks wind, passes gas).
Best Answer
idk because i rather dislike him and Dr Phil so i never watch any of either of their shows
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Designer Faces: The Hair and Makeup Look at the Spring 2011 Yves Saint Laurent Runway Show
Structured hair, rich lips, and barely any other makeup—the look at Yves Saint Laurent was meant to convey the beauty of a strong woman.
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