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Basque literature
|Culture of Basque Country
Music and performing arts
Although the first instances of coherent Basque phrases and sentences go as far back as the San Millán glosses of circa 950AD, the large-scale damage done by periods of great instability and warfare, such as the clan wars of the Middle Ages, the Carlist Wars and the Spanish Civil War, led to the scarcity of written material predating the 16th century.[1]
The earliest surviving traces of Basque literary activity go back to the 16th century, but significant production does not seem to have set in until the 17th century.[1] Since the end of the Francoist period in Spain, the formation of a standard language, and the large scale introduction of Basque into the education system consequently increased literary activity. While much of the literature written in Basque remains targeted at the native audience, some works by Basque authors have been translated into other languages, such as Bernardo Atxaga, and achieved global recognition.
The 16th century[edit]
A few songs from the 16th century have survived, such as the Song of the Battle of Beotibar that deals with the battle fought in 1321 and a group of verses known as The Burning of Mondragón from the time of the Basque Clan Wars.[1]
The earliest piece of prose writing in Basque is a letter written in 1537 by the Biscayan Juan de Zumárraga from Durango, the first bishop of Mexico.[2]
Only a few years later in 1545, the first book known to have been put into print is published - a collection of poems by Bernard Etxepare, a priest from Lower Navarre in the Northern Basque Country, by the title Linguæ Vasconum Primitiæ ("Beginnings of the Basque Language"). In this book, Etxepare expresses his hopes that the first publication of a book in Basque will serve to invigorate the language and the culture. His efforts were undoubtedly influenced by wider movements in Europe at the time that encouraged literary production in vernacular languages[2] rather than Latin.
Next is a recently discovered pastoral play by Joan Perez de Lazarraga (1548?—1605) by the name of Silbero, Silbia, Doristeo and Sirena that was produced between 1564 and 1567 in Larrea, Alava and is the earliest surviving play in Basque. With 102 pages (some damaged) it is also the longest early text.[3]
1571 saw the publication of Joanes Leizarraga's New Testament translation into a standardised form of his Lapurdian dialect. He also wrote a small number of other religious works.
The closing years of the 16th century see another publication, this time from the South, of a collection of proverbs written in the Biscayan dialect called Refranes y sentencias by an unknown author. However, by this time, the centre of Basque literary production had firmly established itself in the Northern, French provinces of Lower Navarre, Labourd and Soule where it would remain for several centuries.
Although dialectal differences are clearly visible in these early texts, it is also clear that the differences in the 16th century were considerably smaller than they are today.[1]
The 17th century[edit]
In amongst the trickle of smaller religious works the Counter Reformation movement, which in the Basque Country had its centre in Sare, Soule, produced one of the most notable works of the 17th century,[2] This was a religious publication, called Gero, the preachings of Pedro Agerre (better known as Axular) but in literary form, published in 1643. Although he was born in Urdax in Navarre and working in Soule, he wrote in Lapurdian,[1] which by then had established itself as the most prestigious form of Basque.
Other important authors of this century were:
- Dotrina christiana by Estève Materre in 1617, also one of the earliest known learners of Basque[1]
- The works of Silvain Pouvreau, one of the earliest known learners of Basque.[1] His works (some of which were published posthumously) include Giristinoaren Dotrina (Paris, 1656); Filotea (Paris, 1664); Gudu espirituala (Paris, 1665), Andre Dana Maria Privilegiatua (J. Vinson: 1892), Iesusen Imitacionea (1978, Hordago) and an unpublished but important dictionary.
- Arnauld de Oihenart, born 1592 in Mauléon, who was the first Basque layman to write in the language and who produced a large amount of poetry and an important collection of proverbs, the first of which was published in 1657 in Paris. His style of writing is still regarded as one of the highest in the history of Basque literature[1]
- Liburuhauda Ixasoco nabigacionecoa, a book on marine navigation written by Martin de Hoyarzabal and translated by Piarres Detcheverry in 1677
- A book on farming techniques by Mongongo Dessança in 1692
Although Gipuzkoan and Biscayan enjoyed some status as literary dialects, Lapurdian was by far the most commonly used dialect of the 17th century.
The 20th Century[edit]
Some referential figures of 20th century Basque literature are Telesforo Monzon, Salbatore Mitxelena, Gabriel Aresti, Nikolas Ormaetxea, Txillardegi (pen name of José Luis Álvarez Enparantza), Joxe Azurmendi, Ramon Saizarbitoria, Bernardo Atxaga, Joseba Sarrionandia, Unai Elorriaga López de Letona. In addition, there are many Basque writers who have written in Spanish: Blas de Otero, and Gabriel Celaya.
In the 20th century, the Spanish Civil halted all Basque cultural and literary production for almost two decades. The most affected domain was that of language and the creation of texts in Basque. The bulk of Basque writers died or escaped to exile, where they undertook some attempts to revitalize literature by writing books or launching magazines of limited circulation.
However, some works were not even published during that period. In the Southern Basque Country, during the 1950s new generations undertook efforts to write a new type of literature along European lines, innovating both in content and form, despite being heavily conditioned by Francoist censorship.
Characteristics to improve[edit]
|This section may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. (June 2015)
|This section relies largely or entirely upon a single source. (June 2015)
- Lack of distinction between a normal text and literary text.
- The text in the history of Basque literature (many obstacles that provoke the stop of the innovation).
- The imbalance between the typological forms of space and time.
- The emphasis on folk, ethnological and mythological elements.[4]
- The trend towards filologization. (The necessity to have a Standard Basque, because dialects cause the missunderstanding between Basque people).
- Neurotic emphasis on language.
- The lack of forecast of expectation.
- The lack of experience in writers.
- The uncertainty between the epic sense and playfulness.[5]
Between 1545 and 1974, 4,000 books were published in the Basque language, whereas between 1974 and 1995 12,500 were published.[6] Modern Basque publishing began with the establishment of Elkar in 1972, a small publishing company based in Bayonne in the French Basque country.[7] After the death of Franco, Elkar established a second publishing operation in San Sebastián in the Spanish Basque country.[7] Although a number of other Basque publishing houses have been subsequently established, Elkar remains the largest.[7]
- ^ a b c d e f g h Trask, L. The History of Basque Routledge 1997
- ^ a b c Inxausti, J. Euskal Herria - The Country of the Basque Language Basque Government 1995
- ^ Lazarraga Gipuzkoako Arkibo Orokorra. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
- ^ Ur, Apalategi. "THE NOVELISTIC EVOLUTION OF THE BASQUE SUBJECT: LITERARY-IDEOLOGICAL NEGOTIATIONS BETWEEN THE DESIRE FOR DIFFERENTIATION AND THE SEARCH FOR RECOGNITION" (PDF).
- ^ Kortazar, Jon (2007). Diglosia y literatura vasca. Olivar. pp. 71–104.
- ^ Kurlansky 2000, p. 326.
- ^ a b c Kurlansky 2000, p. 327.
- Azurmendi, Joxe: "Die Bedeutung der Sprache in Renaissance und Reformation und die Entstehung der baskischen Literatur im religiösen und politischen Konfliktgebiet zwischen Spanien und Frankreich" In: Wolfgang W. Moelleken (Herausgeber), Peter J. Weber (Herausgeber): Neue Forschungsarbeiten zur Kontaktlinguistik, Bonn: Dümmler, 1997. ISBN 978-3537864192
- Kurlansky, Mark (2000). The Basque History of the World. ISBN 978-0-09-928413-0.
- Olaziregi, Mari Jose (2012). Basque Literary History. ISBN 978-1-935709-19-0.
- Onaindia, Jacoba (1990). Euskal literatura. ISBN 8485527747.
- Sarasola, Ibon (1975). Euskal literatura numerotan. ISBN 8440089988.
- Placer, Eloy (1972). An introduction to Basque literature. Reno : Department of Foreign Languages & Literatures, University of Nevada.


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Korean food is a yin-yang balance of hot and spicy, cool and mild, in dishes like silken tofu in fermented chile paste or eel glazed in sticky caramel soy sauce. Soo-Woo Japanese & Korean Steakhouse in Hollywood is the newest location of a small local chain that offers Korean specialties along with steaks and seafood teppanyaki cooked on iron griddles, sushi, rolls, noodles and fried rice.
Owner Bok An was born in Seoul, South Korea, but moved to Miami with his family when he was a child and grew up in his parents' Japanese restaurant. He studied finance and marketing at University of Miami, and opened Sakura in Doral. When the rent increased four years ago, he expanded, added a Korean menu and changed the name to Soo-Woo, which means "live long and prosper." He hired Jamaican-born chef Keith Thomas, who took an intensive Asian training course at the Culinary Institute of America in New York.
Korean dishes come with an odd number of banchan (even is bad luck), small side dishes of kimchi, blanched, bean sprouts and daikon radish in chile sauce. Start with a large, crispy, squid and scallion panjun pancake cooked in a stone pan and cut into squares, served with soy-sesame dip. Jae yook bossam, steamed pork belly with oysters, comes with spicy radish and cabbage.
Entrees include galbi tang guk (short rib soup), bulgogi (stir-fried beef with black pepper, soy sauce, sugar and garlic) and dolsot bimimbap. This brings a heated black stone bowl with rice topped in fern bracken, bean sprouts, beef, a raw egg and lettuce shreds with everything mixed together before eating. There's also dak gui (chicken in chile garlic sauce) and kimchee casserole with pork.
Soothe the heat with passion fruit mousse.
[1] http://www.miami.com/restaurants/fork-road
[2] http://www.miami.com/mediterranean-restaurant-apeiro-opens-oct-23-midtown-miami-article
[3] http://www.miami.com/restaurants/nibbles-and-bits
[4] http://www.miami.com/pisco-y-nazca-coming-kendall-november-team-behind-bulla-coral-gables-article
[5] http://www.miami.com/btw-closing-south-beach-make-way-spring-chicken-article
[6] http://www.miami.com/tracking-miami-taco-joints-south-beach-wynwood-article
[7] http://www.miami.com/seawatch-restaurant-gets-face-lift-lauderdale-sea-article
[8] http://www.miami.com/hibachi-grill-serves-oodles-noodles-and-more-miami-article
[9] http://www.miami.com/take-tour-through-asia-origin-bistro-key-biscayne-article
[10] http://www.miami.com/it039s-southern-cookin039-miami-flair-local-gastropub-coral-gables-article
[11] http://www.miami.com/sapore-di-mare-serves-slice-italy-coconut-grove-article
[12] http://www.miami.com/way-more-spuds-mash-potatoes-restaurant-coral-gables-article
[13] http://www.miami.com/moroccan-and-french-flavors-find-home-rouge-caf-miami-beach-article
[14] http://www.miami.com/weezie039s-oakland-park-bakes-love-not-wheat-article
[15] http://www.miami.com/stop-smell-south-beach-rose-stiles-hotel-article


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|A steampunk novel I'm starting up.
|A steampunk novel I'm starting up.
By day I am a humble college student. But by night, I am a hopeless dreamer... mostly because that's when I'm asleep... but I'm also a dreamer in the sense that I... you know what, screw the analogy. It was never going to work anyways.
Besides most of my material is written during class when my professors aren't looking...
Alright, serious mode now. I'm am a writer trapped in the body of a musician trapped in the body of an engineering student trapped in a free university experience which I am unable to extricate myself from without coming off as a massive prick to everyone involved.
My primary format of writing is comic scripts, in the style of Alan Moore (not nearly as detailed of course; after all, he's had a considerable head start on me), but I have also been known to dabble in other forms of prose, as indicated by Monica and The Demon, and the MACHINOCRACY cycle.
That's pretty much it at the moment. Enjoy!
Current Residence: Boston, MA
Favourite genre of music: Progressive Metal
Favourite style of art: Comics
Operating System: Windows
Favourite cartoon character: Jason Todd
Personal Quote: "Wisdom is wasted on the wise."


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10 Steps to Pick the Right Doctor
Whether you need a primary care doctor or a specialist, these 10 steps will ensure you find the right doctor for you. View Slideshow
- Contraceptive Management
- Pap Smear
- Menstrual Disorders (incl. Dysmenorrhea)
- Miscarriages
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
- Vaginitis and-or Vaginosis
Background Check for Dr. Antebi
0 Malpractice Claims
- No malpractice history found for New Jersey.
- No sanctions history found for the years that Healthgrades collects data.
0 Board Actions
- No board actions found for the years that Healthgrades collects data.
Education & Training
Languages Spoken by Dr. Antebi & Staff
- English


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Mark your calendars
Here are a dozen of the best college basketball games scheduled for local venues this season:
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(Mary Orlin/Bay Area News Group)
Behind the Label: Beauregard Vineyards, Bonny Doon
The roots run deep for Beauregard Vineyards, a father-son winery in the Santa Cruz Mountains.
(Photo by Jordan Strauss/Invision/AP)
Nick Gordon charged in Bobby Kristina Brown's death?
Report says Georgia grand jury will decide this week whether there's enough evidence to charge Gordon with a crime.


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Power in the Pristine: A Victory for Rios Libres!
Osprey has been a proud sponsor of the Rios Libres Project since its inception 4 years ago. Rios Libres has worked tirelessly to protect Patagonia, Chile, from the HidroAysén consortium and their plan to overrun the region with five gratuitous and unsustainable hydroelectric dams. This past month marks a milestone victory in the movement for sustainable energy and environmental protection in Chile's pristine Patagonia wild lands.
After 6 years of intense local protesting by the Chilean people, joined by tens of thousands of international supporters, we all now have reason to celebrate. Newly elected Chilean President, Michelle Bachelet ran on a platform that she would not support the HidroAysén project, while the newly appointed Minister of Environment announced on June 10th that the Chilean government has rejected HidroAysén. (more…)
Streams of Consequence
The above clip is the trailer for a film called Streams of Consequence, which has been described as "a solution-based film that addresses the hard questions that remained unanswered in Rios Libres's first film: "What does an alternative energy model look like?" "How do the Chileans feel about it?" and "Could Chile become a global leader by gaining energy independence via green technology?" Here's the full scoop on how this film came about:
In summer 2010, photographer James 'Q' Martin and conservation biologist Chris Kassar started an organization called Rios Libres. The organization uses multi-media to join the fight to protect the wild lands of Patagonia from proposed dams that threaten two of the most pristine rivers in one of the world's most spectacular regions. Last April, Q traveled south once again and landed in the thick of some of the largest anti-dam protests the country has ever seen. He captured historic footage of the protests, then spent nine weeks traveling the length of the country talking to gauchos, scientists, activists and the public in search of answers.
While the conversations Q captured while in Chile last April continue, the hope is that Streams of Consequence will serve to raise awareness and support those conversations here.
The film premiered at the 2013 Wild and Scenic Environmental Film Festival and will continue to show across the country via Wild and Scenic, other film festivals and grassroots screenings. Check it out here and be sure to let us know what you think!
Thanks to Patagonia's The Cleanest Line for posting!
Rios Libres Petition Contest: Take Action + Be Entered To Win A New Osprey Pack
Last week we brought you a post with tons of information about Osprey partner Rios Libres, an organization that's fighting hard against proposed damming on Patagonia's pristine and incredibly powerful rivers. If you haven't already gone ahead and signed the Rios Libres petition against HidroAysen's proposal to dam the Baker and Pascua here, don't feel bad, we've got another opportunity for you to take action, and it's pretty awesome in and of itself.
Launching today, Thursday, June 21st — and running through Tuesday, July 3rd is the Rios Libres Petition Contest, in which you can help keep Patagonia Wild and win prizes at the same time! To TAKE ACTION, and be entered for a chance to win an Osprey Atmos or Aura backpack, all you have to do is go here to sign the petition, and then be sure to SHARE it on Facebook or Twitter.
Want more background info? Here's the scoop on the proposed dam project:
Last year, Chilean officials gave the green light to the HidroAysén project, which would build five mega-dams on two of Patagonia's wildest rivers. Now, one of the two corporations behind HidroAysén has suspended progress on the project indefinitely. Urge Chilean President Piñera to show environmental leadership at the upcoming Earth Summit by overturning the approval of HidroAysén and saving Patagonia from destruction.
Your willingness to sign the petition in solidarity with the 72% of Chileans who are against damming Patagonia could help save these wild rivers so TAKE ACTION now! And keep in mind, your participation could just win you your very own Osprey pack, as well!
PHOTO Via: Rios Libres
Travel Tuesday: Video – A Story for Tomorrow
The story of one couple's ultimate journey—five weeks exploring the wild and rugged landscape of Chile and Patagonia. We caught this little gem on the big screen at 5Point Film Festival last weekend. It's sure to stoke your inner wanderlust this Tuesday morning.
Stop Dams in Patagonia: The River Speaks… and So Can You
by Chris Kassar via The Cleanest Line
Every time I kneel down next to a river – even if just for a moment – I swear I can hear it speak to me. I know this probably sounds crazy, but I also know I'm not the only one who hears wise murmurs rising from the ripples of wild waters. For many of us, the rhythm of a river can mesmerize our soul, capture our spirit and force us to really stop and listen.
The Baker River, nestled deep in the mountains of Chilean Patagonia, is no different. I spent weeks walking its banks, riding its waves, and crunching through the epic ice fields that feed it. I even floated over the exact spot where its journey as a river ended and it emptied into the sea – a feat in and of itself given that so many rivers, including my very own Colorado, no longer even make it all the way to the ocean. But, this trip from source to sea was much more than just a fun adventure. We – team Rios Libres – immersed ourselves in the landscape so we could arm ourselves with the knowledge needed to join the fight to protect Patagonia's wildlands and the people who depend on them.
During our excursion, the mighty Baker spoke volumes and gave us a glimpse into what the world used to be like – full of untamed lands, untouched rivers, intact forests and people who depended on the land and each other to survive. Spending a month at the edge of the world was like traveling back in time to an age when things were simpler and nature remained largely unaltered by the trappings of man.
Unfortunately, the experience we had may not be available for future generations unless we raise our voices and speak for the river. Huge walls of concrete threaten to choke the furious turquoise flow of Chile's most voluminous river, the Baker and its rugged sister, the Pascua. If allowed, big business will ruin pristine old-growth forests, destroy the gaucho culture and silence the beautiful sound of these waters only to replace them with the disheartening din of 'civilization' – bulldozers, power lines, reservoirs and dams… all to provide power for the destructive mining industry in the north.
But this doesn't have to happen. Perhaps, if we could just sit and listen more carefully, we might hear the river speak and fully grasp the idea that it is more important to protect the river's power than harness it. Chile has the opportunity to learn from mistakes made in the past; they can act as a model for the rest of the world by seeking alternatives that allow them to gain energy independence while still maintaining the character of Patagonia.
We've written about this in the past and our team made an award-winning film called Power in the Pristine that documented our source-to-sea adventure and highlighted the various threats to the region.
So why are we writing now? We're writing because this fight is far from over and we need your help in giving this river and its people a voice once again. A lot has happened over the past year and it seems that the wild character of the entire region – which was once endangered – is now closer to extinction than ever before. The following video will catch you up on the issue. We hope it inspires you to read on and to act. The river speaks and so can you!
Synopsis of recent happenings: In May 2011, the government approved the dams. Tens of thousands of Chileans took to the streets in opposition and six weeks later, the Court temporarily halted all construction due to a pending appeal. This was especially significant since the Court was the only Chilean authority to challenge the project since its inception in 2008. However, in October, the Chilean appeals court ruled in favor of the dam project causing the volley to continue as opponents who want to protect this unique environment brought their challenge to the Supreme Court. In the meantime, the project still requires a permit for more than 1,250 miles (2,000-km) of transmission line to carry the 2,750 megawatts generated from deep in southern Patagonia to the capital Santiago. Earlier this week (Dec. 5), HidroAysen – the company behind the dam project – released initial plans for the powerline and the environmental analysis will begin in March 2012.
Clearly, the fight to protect Chile's pristine rivers and wildlands is not over; protests continue and polls show that over 74% of Chileans oppose the dams. This Saturday, December 10, thousands will return to the streets in Coyahique and other cities in Chile to show the government that they oppose this decision. If you cannot make the event in Chile, please show your solidarity by taking action through these groups:
- Rios Libres: Join the 'virtual march' to keep Patagonia Wild!
- NRDC: Tell Chile's President to stop the HidroAysén project from destroying Patagonia (Learn more)
- International Rivers: Demand Democracy for Chile – NO to HidroAysén!
The river speaks and so can you!
For more info go to: www.rioslibres.com.
Patagonia National Park Opens For Visitors + Why We Still Need To Fight Damming Patagonia's Rivers
At the southernmost end of the Americas lies wild Patagonia, a still unexplored land of legendary natural beauty. Vast expanses of open space stretch out in all directions. A curious geological past has shaped this varied and dynamic landscape. Bordering the fjords of the Pacific coast, the world's largest extrapolar icefields contain some of the region's most impressive peaks, while to the east, the windswept steppes stretch out to the Atlantic coast. Glacier-fed rivers, full of some of the world's purest water, tumble between jagged, never-climbed mountains. Herds of long-necked guanacos gallop across expansive grasslands as Andean condors, one of Earth's most massive birds, soar overhead.
Six years ago, Conservacion Patagonica launched its most ambitious project yet: the creation of Patagonia National Park in the Aysen Region of southern Chile. When complete, this 650,000-acre expanse of grasslands, wetlands, mountains and rivers will secure permanent protection for an ecologically critical region of Patagonia. Spanning the Jeinimeni and Tamango Mountains and the Chacabuco Valley, the future park will mark a new chapter in Patagonia's history: from failed sheep ranching to conservation and ecotourism. Simultaneously, the park will counter some of the threats to Patagonia, including desertification, habitat loss and industrial development.
This December, the Patagonia National Park project is opening to visitors. This gallery of photos will have you packing your passport and buying your plane ticket now…
The vision of an expansive wilderness area in Patagonia, where flourishing ecosystems support healthy populations of all native species, where visitors deepen their appreciation of wildness, and where ecotourism and eco-education help local communities thrive, inspires us. It's a bold vision, but protecting the Earth's last wild places and diversity of life demands that we think and act big.
One threat especially, requires bold action from not only the community in Patagonia, but the global community as a whole. Together, we must stop the proposed damming of Patagonia's Baker and Pascua rivers. via Conservacion Patagonica:
Patagonia Sin Represas, the campaign that began in Cochrane as a small grassroots movement to oppose HidroAysén's plan for five mega-dams, had blossomed into a series of large-scale demonstrations that swept through Chile's major cities in May and June…
Yet despite these legal advances and the outpouring of opposition to the dams, HidroAysén has managed to push its project forward through the impressive series of obstacles the opposition has thrown in its path…
But the battle is far from over. From here, the case will go to the Chilean Supreme Court. So it seems there is still a chance to turn this roadblock into a dead end for the dams. For those who wish to stand in solidarity with the Sin Represas movement, the best advice is simple: don't give up. From what we've seen so far, public opposition from both in and outside of Chile has been the strongest force in delaying HidroAysén's agenda. Whether taking to the streets in Santiago, raising awareness about this unfinished story, or engaging in the growing dialogue around Chile's need for alternative energy.
Patagonia is one of those places that we cannot tame. It's identity lies in its wildness. And it's up to all of us to protect it.
Learn more about this special place and how you can protect it here.
Take Action: Protect the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge for Good
"Alaska truly represents the Great Wild of America. For too long we have been swayed by scare tactics and misinformation regarding the preservation of areas like the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and Tongass National Forest… I cannot stand by and allow Alaska's treasures to be exploited for reasons that ultimately hurt, rather than help our country." — Osprey Packs' marketing director Gareth Martins.
via our friend Ron Hunter at Patagonia:
In the words of President Lyndon B. Johnson upon signing the Wilderness Act of 1964: "If future generations are to remember us with gratitude rather than contempt, we must leave them more than the miracles of technology. We must leave them a glimpse of the world as it was in the beginning, not just after we got through with it."…
Right now, USFWS is seeking your input on this plan for the Arctic Refuge that, for the first time, includes this Wilderness recommendation.
If Americans speak with a loud and united voice, we can send a strong message that USFWS can't ignore. Please speak up for the Arctic Refuge by signing a letter to Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar asking him to protect the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge as Wilderness.
Please go to the Alaska Wilderness League Take Action page to sign the letter.
For more information: www.alaskawild.org
PHOTO via Ron Hunter, Patagonia
Photo Gallery: Painting Patagonia Red With Photos
Joshua Johnson aka "Joshywashington" traveled through Argentina earlier this year. Joshua is a Seattle-based travel blogger always on the lookout for the next journey. He also heads up MatadorTV. Read more from Joshua on his blog…
Photos have a way of bringing you back to a place… to an experience. When looking at my photos from a recent trip to Patagonia, these five bright, red images brought me right back to my journey. To me they tell a compelling story of my two weeks in Patagonia, one of earth's most desolate, colorful and coveted travel destinations.
Re-booting With Mountainfilm on Tour in Rapid City
By: Markus Jobman, Osprey Adventure Envoy Team
Once in a while you need to step back, pause and re-boot. Look at the world around you and the everyday life that each of us lives. It is so easy to get caught up in the day to day craziness. We get busy with careers, friends, obligations and adventures — and sometimes we forget to just stop and see what is going on and really enjoy what is around us.
This past weekend we took a break. We attended Mountainfilm on Tour. It is a celebration of what is around us: life, adventure, nature, mountains and the thrill of enjoying it. We attended the tour in our home town of Rapid City. For the third year in a row, Mountainfilm's tour event acted as a fundraiser for the Rapid City Urban Orchard Project, an organization that works with the Department of Parks and Recreation to plant apple trees in green spaces throughout the city and organizes volunteers to care for them after they are planted.
180º South + Power in the Pristine Premier at Adventure Film Festival in Santiago, Chile
I am always open for a language lesson, often needing to express myself to audiences the world over. And since I was addressing 500+ Chileans later that night, Mateo and his girlfriend Fran, painstakingly taught me the subtle differences between 'cuatico', 'filete', 'hueon' and 'po'. All useful words, slang of course, and I listened attentively during an impromptu training.
I was in Santiago for a screening of two films, 180º South and Power in the Pristine, as well to emcee and play reggae music on stage for 3-nights. It was the 3-day Adventure Film Festival held in the urban gardens of the Cultural Center of Los Condes in Chile's thriving capital, where almost one third of its 17-million inhabitants live.


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By JOHN FRIEDLEIN
HARDIN COUNTY — The Governor's Office of Agricultural Policy recently announced Hardin County farmers will receive $130,000 in the latest allotment of tobacco diversification funds.
County Agricultural Investment Programs have been providing producers with cost-share incentives to improve and diversify current practices, according to a press release.
By MARIANNE HALE
HARDIN COUNTY — Hardin County Public Library officials have begun a new search for a director after Thom Cummins closed the book on the position last month.
Cummins tendered his resignation June 27, according to a statement delivered Friday to The News-Enterprise. The statement, sent by interim-director Susan Hignite, did not give a reason for Cummins' resignation.
ELIZABETHTOWN — Larri Turner sealed her future with a deep red painted handprint Saturday. Turner's and other painted handprints — left by other girls who had cemented their goals — decorated a large sheet of paper hanging on a classroom wall at Elizabethtown Community and Technical College.
By KELLY R. CANTRALL
ELIZABETHTOWN — More than 100 Cub Scouts from nine counties converged on Elizabethtown last week for Scout camp.
The annual Frontier District Cub Scout Day Camp was held at Freeman Lake Park. Cub Scouts from Hardin County and eight other surrounding counties gathered to learn skills and advance in rank.
ELIZABETHTOWN — When Gail Demery was a young girl, she wanted someone to cheer her on and mentor her. Now, she gets to do those things for young girls in Hardin County.
Demery plans to host a Beautiful Girls Empowerment Workshop Saturday from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. at Elizabethtown Community and Technical College. The free event includes workshops covering body image, team-building, anger management and college planning for girls ages 10 through 16.
RADCLIFF — Police are continue investigating a crash between a motorcycle and an SUV that killed a Radcliff man Friday.
Radcliff resident Michael Larkin, 40, died Friday after the motorcycle he was riding collided with an SUV that came into his path near the corner of Globe Street and North Dixie Boulevard, Radcliff police spokesman Bryce Shumate said.
The wreck happened at about 4:20 p.m., he said.
Formerly unkown soldier, Pvt. Stansilaw Komla, receives military honors By BOB WHITE
VINE GROVE – A World War I veteran whose name had been lost to mists of time was formally and finally recognized Saturday as a slow drizzle fell on a crowd of patriots.
By JOHN FRIEDLEIN email@example.com ELIZABETHTOWN — The family who helped push for cable barriers on Interstate 65 after five people died in a head-on collision last year received the Big E Award at the chamber of commerce's Annual Luncheon. Dave Lawson and his daughter, Jennie Maradey, were recognized Thursday for making strong effort toward a worthwhil
Copyright © 2015
The News-Enterprise is your source for local news, sports, events and information in Elizabethtown, KY, Hardin County and the surrounding area.


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Resource called Software Type adding a new type
What is the process for adding a new Software Type to the Resource "Software Type". I get to the screen that says Create Software Type and enter the new type name, but when I click ok to save it, I get an error message that says I do not have permissions. I have tried logging into the NS Console as the system credential user and get the same error.
Checking Security shows Read, Write,... all permissions for Symantec Administrator, but still will not let me create a new type.
Comments 2 Comments • Jump to latest comment
Perhaps you can look over this guided tour of the process and find what is hanging you up:
Russ Scovel
Inside Systems Engineer
Altiris SOS – Endpoint Management and Mobility
Symantec Corporation
I looked through the document. It hints at a Software Type from a Software Resource. However a new Software Product creation will allow for an association of Product to Software Type. You can select a Software Type from the Drop downlist or use the Create Button to create a new Software Type.
So... If I can create a new Software Type from the creation of a Software Product, why would I not be able to create a Software Type from the Resource itself. It will allow me to name the new Software Type, I just can't save it.
Software Type Resource does not have a Data Class associated to it. Where does it store the list?
Todd Clark County IS Vancouver,WA


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- Portobello
- Private Homes
- Private Homes, Buttonwood Harbor
- Private Homes, Cannons By The Sea
- Private Homes, Conrad Beach
- Private Homes, Country Club Shores
- Private Homes, Hideaway Bay
- Private Homes, Laguna Yacht Village
- Private Homes, Longbeach Village
- Private Homes, Sleepy Lagoon
- Private Homes, Triton Cove
- Private Homes, Twin Shores
- Privateer
- Promenade
- Salty Acres
- Sand Cay Beach
- Sands Point
- Sea Club I
- Sea Grape Inn
- Sea Oats
- Sea Pines
- SeaHorse Beach Resort
- Seaplace
- Silver Sands
- Spanish Main Yacht Club
- Sunset Beach
- Sutton Place
- The Beach
- The Shore
- Tiffany Plaza
- Turtle Crawl Inn
- Veinte
- Villa Casuarina
- Villa Dos Palmas
- Villas of Avignon
- Whitney Beach
- Wicker Inn Beach Resort
- Windward Bay
- Aquarius
- Arbomar
- Banyan Bay Club
- Bay Harbour
- Bay Isles
- Bay Isles, Harbour Oaks
- Bayport Beach & Tennis Club
- Beach Castle Resort
- Beach Harbor Club
- Beachcomber
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- Beachplace
- Buttonwood Cove
- Cabana Beach Club
- Casa del Mar
- Castillian
- Cedars Tennis Resort
- Cedars West
- Club Longboat
- Covert II
- Covert III
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- Inn on the Beach
- Islander Club
- Islands West
- La Playa
- Little Gull Cottages
- Longbeach Condominiums
Show moreless
This property allows you to book online with a credit card. After submitting a reservation request, the owner or manager has 24 hours to accept, at which time your card will be charged and you will receive an email confirmation
Other areas nearby to Longboat Key:
Recent Longboat Key reviews
"The studio apmt was perfect for a couple that just want prime beach time along with all comforts of home. Our hosts even provided simple things not just towels, linens, dishware, cookware but also dishwashing paper towels, coffee filters, sugar, creamer, etc. Oh yeah, umbrellas for beach provided as well-a great convenience and avoidance of cost &/or lugging these items from/to home. Convenience, the pool is literally 10' from apmt. Then the beach is just 25 steps. Grocery store is 1/8 mile away. My spouse really pleased; If spouse is happy you're happy. Anyway, highly recommended for private, quiet beach time. thx, Johnny & Kim. Louisiana"Guest: John S. Date of Stay: April 2015 Review Submitted: April 28, 2015View listing
"We wanted a place to stay that we could be ON the BEACH and hear the waves! This was it! I loved that this was an end 1st floor unit and we didn't have people in front of our space. I walked out on the beach or the pool was also there, but in the middle of the entire unit and not close to ours. The pool was clean and large enough and heated (good because of all the rain the weeks before) It was low season but nice people there and not crowded. We enjoyed music on the sound system and liked the remote lights/fans. Close to St Armand's Circle and Mote Marine ... both of which we visited. Did I mention listening to the waves??"Guest: Tracy K. Date of Stay: September 2015 Review Submitted: September 16, 2015View listing
"Owners are excellent to deal with, and keep you informed. Unit is very comfortable, clean, and the location is excellent. Short walk to the beach; property has nice walking paths. Gated property, and nicely maintained. We are looking forward to our next visit. We spend two months at the property."Guest: Jim Date of Stay: October 2014 Review Submitted: October 18, 2014View listing
"This condo has a beautiful view and is in a small complex. It is quiet and the beach is not crowded. The unit has everything you will need. The kitchen is fully equipped for cooking, but there is not a dishwasher. It is a corner unit, so you have views of the ocean on the side also. There is a small pool surrounded by lush palm trees and landscaping. There is a putting green for the golfers or the children. The beds are comfortable and that helped us enjoy our stay. We would have liked it more if we hadn't had so much rain. However, the beach is right outside, so if it rains, you can be inside quickly. There are plenty of free beach loungers on the beach and the condo has two umbrellas and two more beach chairs in the spacious master closet. There are two televisions, one in the living room and one in the bedroom. Dave is always a phone call away. He is great to work with. The keys are in a key box, so no hassle with check in. That is a great perk! There is a Publix grocery store and a CVS pharmacy very close by. Both have all the groceries, beach supplies, and souvenirs you could want. You will not be disappointed with this condo!"Guest: seaside Date of Stay: July 2015 Review Submitted: August 6, 2015View listing
Featured Destinations: Dauphin Island, Isle of Palms, Bald Head Island, Destin Condo Rentals


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Italian RecipesUPLOAD A RECIPE
Italian main dishes are famous for their pastas, but healthy ingredients like chicken, fish, and vegetables star as well. And in many homes, a holiday meal must include an Italian dessert like tiramisu or a plate of festive Italian cookies. For everyday cooking, consider making your own Italian bread.
Your favorite Italian Recipes
Chicago-Style Italian Beef Is Our Kind Of Beef
Written on: Aug 11, 2015 at 9:29 am
Put A Little Kick In Your Garlic Shrimp Pasta
Written on: Aug 04, 2015 at 9:31 am
Creamy Crockpot Chicken Alfredo You're Gonna Love
Written on: Jul 30, 2015 at 9:27 am
Spicy Turkey Lasagna In A Crockpot?
Written on: Jul 27, 2015 at 9:44 am
Sensationally Slow Cooked Rigatoni And Meatballs
Written on: Jul 26, 2015 at 11:34 am
Chicken Parmesan In A Crockpot? Just What We've All Been Waiting For
Written on: Jul 25, 2015 at 10:15 am


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In some cases, you may want to run a specific command or a custom script right after a given network interface (e.g., eth0) is up. For example, you want to configure interface-specific iptables rules or QoS settings. Follow this guideline to learn how to set up a startup script for a specific network interface on CentOS.
On CentOS, network interface related scripts are found in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts. Among them is ifup-post which is supposed to be called right after any network interface is brought up online. In this script, you will find the following code snippet toward the end.
#!/bin/sh if [ -x /sbin/ifup-local ]; then /sbin/ifup-local ${DEVICE}
The code snippet means that if there exists a script called ifup-local in /sbin, the script gets executed with an interface name argument. On vanilla CentOS system, no such script exists. So in order to run a startup script automatically after a network interface is up, create an executable script /sbin/ifup-local, and put in there any command or script you want to run. For example:
#!/bin/sh if [[ "$1" == "eth0" ]] then echo "this part will be executed right after eth0 is up." echo "so you can put any startup command for eth0 here" else #DO_NOTHING fi
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The incidence of fatal cases of colorectal cancer in Europe exceeds 200000 per year. Due to the specific anatomy and biology of rectal cancer, surgery alone historically has been associated with local recurrence in up to one in four patients. Locally recurrent disease is usually incurable, causes important morbidity and suffering and gives rise to systemic metastases. In the last few decades, improvements in surgical technique have dramatically lowered the incidence of locally recurrent disease. Careful pathological studies have clearly demonstrated that the major cause of local recurrence is the persistence of tumour foci within the mesorectum (Quirke 1986; Quirke 2003). Intact removal of the entire mesorectum (total mesorectal excision or TME) in cancers of the mid or lower third of the rectum was pioneered by Heald and has resulted in local recurrence rates lower than 5-10% (Heald 1982; Heald 1998; Enker 1999). The importance of complete removal of the surrounding mesorectum necessitates precise preoperative evaluation of the circumferential resection margin using imaging. Recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a phased array coil has emerged as the imaging modality of choice in the preoperative evaluation of locally advanced rectal cancer (Beets-Tan 2003; Beets-Tan 2005; Brown 2004; Daniels 2005; Brown 2006).
Parallel to improvements in surgical technique, adjuvant therapy regimens have been tested in clinical trials in an effort to reduce local recurrence rates. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) has been shown to significantly decrease local recurrence rate and improve survival provided a biologically equivalent dose (BED) of at least 30 Gy is administered (Gray 2001). The advantages of preoperative over postoperative RT include enhanced effectiveness in well oxygenated tissue, downstaging of advanced tumors and better treatment compliance (Glimelius 2002). The theoretical superiority of the preoperative approach over postoperative adjuvant therapy has been confirmed in the recent German rectal cancer trial (Sauer 2004). The effect of preoperative RT on local recurrence rate is consistent even when optimal surgical technique (TME) is implemented. This was demonstrated by the results of the Dutch rectal cancer trial which randomized rectal cancer patients to undergo either RT followed by TME or TME alone in the setting of a national surgical training programme (Kapiteijn 2001, Peeters 2007). Compared to TME alone, 5x5 Gray (Gy) of RT followed by TME resulted in a significantly lower local recurrence rate, although no improvement in overall survival (OS) was noted.
Although preoperative RT results in a complete pathological response in a minority of patients, significant downsizing is rarely achieved using short schedule RT regimens. In order to improve tumour response, preoperative RT has been combined with chemotherapeutic regimens. There is a strong radiobiological rationale to combine RT with chemotherapy. Combined chemoradiation (CRT) for rectal cancer was introduced in the adjuvant setting and subsequently in irresectable disease, where significant downsizing and downstaging was observed in many patients resulting in achievement of a resectable status in some cases (Minsky 1993; Minsky 1997). The argument for preoperative CRT in resectable disease is based primarily on possible downsizing and downstaging of tumors close to the circumferential resection margin or the sphincter apparatus, thereby enhancing both R0 resection and the sphincter preservation rate. The paramount importance of performing the resection with a negative CRM was shown in several clinical studies (Nagtegaal 2002). Secondly, the addition of chemotherapy could eliminate microscopic systemic disease present at the time of surgery. Possible concerns of preoperative CRT include an increase of both local and systemic toxicity and over treatment of inaccurately staged patients (Ammann 2003). Several phase I and II studies using preoperative CRT have shown a promising tumour response with acceptable toxicity (Rodel 2003; Osti 2004). A limited number of prospective randomized trials comparing preoperative RT alone with preoperative CRT in resectable rectal cancer are published or ongoing.
To compare preoperative RT with preoperative CRT in patients with resectable stage II or III rectal cancer.
Criteria for considering studies for this review
Types of studies
Randomized controlled trials (RCT's) which randomized patients before surgery with curative intent to one of at least two schedules of preoperative therapy including RT and CRT.
Types of participants
Patients with clinical stage II or III resectable rectal cancer undergoing preoperative RT or CRT followed by surgery.
Types of interventions
Preoperative RT or CRT using fractionated external radiotherapy followed by surgery with curative intent (resectable rectal cancer). The surgical procedure must consist of rectal amputation or sphincter preserving anterior resection using an open or laparoscopic approach; local excisions are excluded.
Types of outcome measures
- local recurrence rate at 5 years
- overall survival at 5 years
- disease free survival at 5 years
- systemic metastasis rate
- pathological complete response rate
- clinical response rate
- sphincter preservation rate
- postoperative mortality within 30 days
- postoperative morbidity
- anastomotic leak rate
Search methods for identification of studies
See: Colorectal Cancer Group methods used in reviews.
We searched the following electronic databases
- Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials
- ISI Web of Science (Science Citation Index, Current Contents) from 1975 until June 2012
- Embase.com
- Pubmed
Electronic database searches were performed with MeSH terms and free text terms:
-MeSH: \Rectal Neoplasms"[MeSH] AND\
Radiotherapy"[MeSH] AND \Drug Therapy"[MeSH]
-Free text terms:
rectal, rectum, cancer, adenocarcinoma, neoplasm, radiotherapy, irradiation, chemotherapy, chemoradiation, radiochemotherapy, combined modality, multimodal, preoperative, neoadjuvant
Manual search/abstract search
- Journals from 1990: Ann Surg, Arch Surg, Cancer, J Clin Oncol, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
- Proceedings from ASTRO, ECCO and ASCO
No language constraints were applied.
Data collection and analysis
All three reviewers obtained the full text of all relevant studies and these were assessed for methodological quality according to the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing the risk of bias (Higgins 2011). Methodological details relevant for potential bias included sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding, incomplete outcome data, and selective outcome reporting. Disagreement was resolved by consensus.
Data were extracted by one reviewer (KF) on custom designed forms and entered in a computer database for transfer and statistical analysis in the Review Manager software. The data extracted included first author, year of publication, source, method of preoperative therapy and surgery, method of randomization, number of patients included, randomized, and analysed, and outcome parameters as listed above. Data accuracy was verified by the senior author (WPC).
RT dose was converted to the biologically equivalent dose (BED) using the linear quadratic equivalent formula (Dale 2005): BED = nd(1+1/(α/β)-(γ/α)(T-T
Description of studies
See: Characteristics of included studies; Characteristics of ongoing studies.
The initial search was performed in June 2007. Of a total of 17925 studies resulting from the primary search, 324 papers were selected for full review. In all, 320 papers were discarded ( Table 1). Four randomized trials were identified comparing preoperative RT with preoperative CRT in resectable stage II or III rectal cancer (Bosset 2006; Boulis-Wassif 1984; Bujko 2006; Gerard 2006). The search was repeated, using similar criteria, in June 2012. A total of 1041 abstracts was selected and scrutinized, resulting in addition of one randomized trial (Latkauskas 2011) to the search results.
Boulis-Wassif 1984: From November 1972 through April 1976, Boulis-Wassif et al. recruited 247 patients with histologically proven localized adenocarcinoma of the rectum and no clinical of surgical evidence of distant metastases. All patients in both groups received preoperative RT by two parallel opposing diamond and chimney fields. All patients received a total dose of 34.5 Gy in 15 fractions of 2.3 Gy each over a total treatment time of 18 days (BED = 35.8 Gy). In the preoperative CRT group, intravenous 5-FU injection (375 mg/m
Bujko 2006: From April 1999 until February 2002, Bujko et al. included 316 patients with resectable T3-T4 rectal carcinoma without sphincter infiltration and with a lesion accessible to digital rectal examination. Patients were randomised to either preoperative 5 x 5 Gy short-term RT (BED = 37.5 Gy) with subsequent total mesorectal excision (TME) performed within 7 days or to CRT to a total dose of 50.4 Gy (1.8 Gy per fraction during 25 days; BED = 42.2 Gy) concomitantly with two courses of bolus 5-fluorouracil (325 mg/m
Gerard 2006: Between April 1993 and November 2003, Gerard et al. recruited 762 patients with a histologically confirmed, previously untreated rectal adenocarcinoma accessible to digital rectal examination (T3 or resectable T4 tumour with no evidence of distant metastases). Patients were allocated to two treatment arms: preoperative RT vs. preoperative CRT, both followed by surgery. RT was delivered with photons from a linear accelerator in a three- or four-field box technique. The dose per fraction was 1.8 Gy and all fields were treated each day with five fractions per week. The total dose was 45 Gy in 25 fractions during 5 weeks (BED = 42.2 Gy). Concurrent chemotherapy (CT) consisted of bolus 5-fluorouracil (350 mg/m
Bosset 2006: Between April 1993 and March 2003, Bosset et al. recruited 1011 patients with a T3 or resectable T4 M0 adenocarcinoma of the rectum within 15 cm from the anal margin and without previous treatment for this disease (EORTC 22921 trial). Patients were allocated to four treatment arms: preoperative RT, preoperative CRT, preoperative RT plus postoperative CT and preoperative CRT plus postoperative CT. Radiotherapy consisted of 45 Gy delivered to the posterior pelvis in 25 fractions of 1.8 Gy over a period of 5 weeks (BED = 42.2 Gy). The target volume of RT was not a classical pelvic volume but was limited to the main field of tumour spread and to the perirectal nodes. Preoperative chemotherapy was delivered in two 5-day courses of 5-fluorouracil (350 mg/m
Latkauskas 2011: Latkauskas et al. evaluated 145 patients with histologically proven rectal cancer between 2007 and 2010. Eighty-three patients were e legible and randomized to receive either short term radiotherapy (5x5 Gy, N=37) or CRT (50 Gy in 25 fractions with 5-fluorouracil, N=46). In both groups, surgery was performed after a 6 weeks waiting period. Sample size was based on downstaging rate as primary endpoint; other endpoints were not defined. The included paper reports on preliminary data (surgical and pathological outcome).
Risk of bias in included studies
Randomisation was adequately performed in four studies using communication with a central office; the study by Latkauskas et al. does not specify the randomization method used. Three studies based randomisation on the minimization method (Bujko 2006; Gerard 2006; Bosset 2006). In the fourth study, the randomisation method is not specified (Boulis-Wassif 1984). None of the studies were described as double blind or used blinded outcome assessment. Description of withdrawals and dropouts was given in four out of five studies. There were no imbalances between treatment arms in the number of patients that did not undergo the complete trial procedure. Three studies were performed on an intention-to-treat basis (Bujko 2006; Gerard 2006; Bosset 2006); no imbalances were identified between treatment arms.
Effects of interventions
The main primary outcome parameter was the local recurrence rate at five years, which was reported in three studies (Bosset 2006; Boulis-Wassif 1984; Gerard 2006). In the RT group, 122 of 740 patients (16.5%) developed a local recurrence while in the CRT group this event was observed in 71 out of 754 patients (9.4%). (Figure 1, Figure 2) This difference was statistically significant (OR 0.53, 95%CI 0.39-0.72, P < 0.001). No statistically significant heterogeneity among studies was present (P = 0.12). Survival data at 5 years were available in three studies (Bosset 2006; Boulis-Wassif 1984; Gerard 2006). In the CRT group, 644 of 1007 patients (63.9%) were alive at 5 years while in the RT group 647 of 993 patients (65.2%) survived 5 years. (Figure 3, Figure 4) This difference did not reach statistical significance (OR 0.95, 95%CI 0.79-1.14, P = 0.58). No heterogeneity was present (P = 0.15).
The results of the analysis of the secondary outcome parameters were as follows. Disease free survival at 5 years, available in the studies of Bosset 2006 and Gerard 2006, was 507/881 (57.5%) in the CRT group and 479/872 (54.9%) in the RT group. This difference was not statistically significant (OR 1.11, 95%CI 0.92-1.34, P = 0.27). (Figure 5, Figure 6) Significant heterogeneity did not occur (P = 0.64). Grade III or IV treatment related toxicity developed in 151 of 1015 patients (14.9%) treated with CRT while in patients treated with RT alone, this occurred in 52 of 1017 patients (5.1%). (Figure 7) This difference was statistically significant (OR 4.1, 95%CI 1.68-10, P = 0.002). There was, however, significant heterogeneity (P = 0.005) which remained when the data were reanalysed using the random effects assumption. Among patients who underwent surgery, sphincter preservation was possible in 583 of 1157 patients (50.4%) in the CRT group and in 553 of 1145 patients (48.3%) in the RT group; this difference failed to reach statistical significance (OR 1.09, 95%CI 0.92-1.30, P = 0.32). (Figure 8) No heterogeneity was observed (P = 0.48). Postoperative 30 day mortality was observed in 31 of 1122 (2.8%) patients in th CRT group and in 21 of 1117 (1.9%) patients in the RT group. This difference did not reach statistical significance (OR 1.48, 95%CI 0.84-2.6, P = 0.17); no heterogeneity was detected (P = 0.6).Figure 9 Postoperative morbidity was marginally higher in the CRT group (OR 0.67-1.00, P = 0.05) (Figure 10) while no differences in anastomotic leak rate were detected (OR 0.62-1.84, P = 0.81). (Figure 11) Pathological complete response (i.e., ypT0N0) of the resected specimen was observed in 135 of 1142 patients (11.8%) in the CRT group and in 40 of 1142 patients (3.5%) in the RT group. (Figure 12) This difference was statistically significant (OR 3.52, 95%CI 2.12-5.84, P < 0.00001) while significant heterogeneity for this parameter was not observed (P = 0.25).
|Figure 1. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.10 Local Recurrence at 5y.
|Figure 2. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.12 HR_LR.
|Figure 3. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.1 Overall Survival at 5y.
|Figure 4. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.2 HR_OS.
|Figure 5. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.3 Disease free survival at 5 y.
|Figure 6. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.11 HR_DFS.
|Figure 7. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.6 Grade III - IV toxicity.
|Figure 8. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.7 Sphincter preservation.
|Figure 9. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.4 Mortality 30 d.
|Figure 10. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.5 Postop morbidity.
|Figure 11. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.9 Anastomotic leak.
|Figure 12. Forest plot of comparison: 1 radiotherapy vs radiochemotherapy, outcome: 1.8 pCR.
Because of the limited number of included studies, no sensitivity analysis was performed.
Preoperative RT has been shown to reduce local recurrence rates and marginally improve survival over surgery alone provided a BED > 30 Gy is delivered to the target region (Gray 2001). The current review addresses the question whether the addition of chemotherapy to preoperative RT further improves pathological and clinical outcome parameters. Five randomized trials were identified comparing preoperative CRT with preoperative RT alone in resectable, locally advanced rectal cancer. Although there was considerable variation in radiotherapy dose and fractionation, all five studies have used a BED > 30 Gy. In three trials (Gerard 2006; Boulis-Wassif 1984; Bosset 2006), RT regimens were identical in both groups. The study by Latkauskas et al. compared two different regimens, but with a similar interval to surgery (Latkauskas 2011). In the Polish study (Bujko 2005, Bujko 2006), RT dose and fractionation as well as time interval until surgery were different in both groups (5x5 Gy followed by immediate surgery versus 50.4 Gy with chemotherapy followed by surgery after a waiting period of 4-6 weeks). In this study, therefore, it remains unclear whether the observed differences in tumour response between both arms are attributable to the addition of chemotherapy or to a different RT schedule and a different waiting period until surgery. Since, moreover, actuarial local recurrence data at five years are not available in this study, it was left out from the meta-analysis of local recurrence at five years. This analysis demonstrates a significant reduction in local recurrence rate with the addition of chemotherapy (OR 0.39-0.72, P < 0.001). Importantly, the cumulative incidence rates of local recurrence in the RT group of the studies of Bosset 2006 and Gerard 2006 (17%) and in both groups of the study of Boulis-Wassif 1984 (15%) seem high compared to the 5.5% local recurrence rate at five years achieved by the Dutch rectal cancer trial using 5x5 Gy preoperative RT followed by surgery (van den Brink 2004). Differences in stage distribution and variation in surgical technique might explain this observation. Indeed, during the Dutch rectal cancer trial a formal surgical training and quality control program was implemented in order to guarantee optimal surgery (TME). The study of Boulis-Wassif 1984 predated the introduction of TME surgery (inclusion period 1972-1976), whereas in the studies of Bosset 2006 and Gerard 2006, TME surgery was 'recommended' without any formal surgical training or quality control.
Although in the study of Boulis-Wassif 1984 a marginally significant five year survival benefit was associated with CRT, the combined analysis failed to demonstrate a significant difference in either overall or disease free survival at five years (OR 0.79-1.14, P = 0.58 and OR 0.92-1.34, P = 0.27, respectively). One of the hypotheses formulated to explain the observed lack of survival benefit found in many pre- or postoperative adjuvant therapy trials in rectal cancer is the existence of early, subclinical systemic disease present at diagnosis. This hypothesis is supported by the finding that the rate of distant metastatic disease in all four trials is consistently around 30%, without any difference between CRT and RT groups, indicating a future role of more effective systemic therapy to eradicate micrometastatic disease from the onset of therapy. Others have argued that the follow up time of the included trials is too short to observe a survival benefit, or that the incidence of local recurrence is too low to influence survival (Gerard 2006).
Grade III and IV acute treatment related toxicity was more pronounced in the CRT group in the three studies reporting this parameter (Bosset 2006; Bujko 2006; Gerard 2006), with an overall OR of 1.68-10 and a P value of 0.002. However, chemotherapy related toxicity was generally acceptable as evidenced by the high compliance rates in the studies mentioned (82%, 78.1%, and 69% respectively). In resected patients, no differences were observed in 30 day mortality or anastomotic leak rate, but a marginally significant difference in overall postoperative morbidity was found. The results concerning anastomotic leakage should be interpreted with caution, since the exceedingly low leakage rate in the study of Bosset compared to currently accepted and published leakage rates following anterior resection suggests underreporting of this specific complication.
Postoperative quality of life (QoL) is an important, though often underreported aspect of cancer trials. From the Swedish and Dutch rectal cancer trials, it is known that preoperative 5x5 Gy followed by surgery significantly worsens functional outcome in terms of bowel, sexual, and bladder function compared to surgery alone (Holm 1996; Dahlberg 1998; Peeters 2005). A number of phase II trials have suggested that preoperative CRT followed by surgery does not adversely affect functional outcome (Feliu 2002; Bosset 2000). The scarce available data in the four included studies did not allow to perform a meta-analysis of QoL related parameters. However, preliminary functional outcome data of the EORTC 22921 study (published as abstract only) demonstrated a significantly worse anorectal function in CRT patients compared to RT alone (Mercier 2005). Interestingly, in the final results paper of this study the incidence of 'late side effects' including fecal incontinence did not seem to differ between the four treatment arms (Bosset 2006).
The results of the meta-analysis confirm the enhanced cytotoxic efficacy of combined RT with 5-fluorouracil based chemotherapy. The incidence of a complete pathological response (pCR, ypT0N0) was 135 of 1142 patients (11.8%) in the CRT group and 40 of 1142 patients (3.5%) in the RT group; this difference was statistically highly significant (OR 3.52, 95%CI 2.12-5.84, P < 0.00001) while no heterogeneity was observed between the four studies. The results of the EORTC study moreover confirmed the difference in radioresponsiveness of the tumour in the bowel wall compared to that of mesorectal lymph nodes, as evidenced by nodal involvement in up to 12% of ypT0 patients (Bosset 2004). Although in two studies (Bosset 2006; Boulis-Wassif 1984) a trend towards increased sphincter preservation was observed in the CRT group, the overall results failed to demonstrate an increase in sphincter preserving surgery following CRT notwithstanding the downsizing and downstaging effect often noted with the combined therapy. This finding may be related to reluctance of the colorectal surgeon to alter a preoperative assessment of the need to perform a rectal amputation, since reversal of this decision would possibly imply performing an anastomosis in previously macroscopically invaded tissue. Moreover, in at least two studies it was specifically advised not to change a preoperative decision to perform a rectal amputation even after a significant downsizing. Data from the German rectal cancer trial, however, suggested that a change in operative strategy (i.e., perform sphincter preserving surgery when a significant clinical response is observed) may be safely performed. Longer follow up will be needed to confirm the safety of this approach. Mature results (including recurrence and survival data) from the study by Latkauskas et al. are awaited. An ongoing study by the Berlin Cancer Society, randomises patients with histologically proven rectal cancer staged T2N+ or T3 to receive either SCRT (25 Gy in five fractions of 5 Gy) plus TME-surgery within 5 days or CRT (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions of 1.8 Gy, continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil) plus TME-surgery 4-6 weeks later (Siegel 2009). All patients receive adjuvant chemotherapy (12 weeks continuous infusional 5-FU) and are followed up for 5 years. TME-quality is independently documented by the surgeon and the pathologist; the primary endpoint is local recurrence at five years.
Authors' conclusions
Implications for practice
Compared to preoperative RT alone, preoperative CRT enhances tumour response and improves local recurrence rates. The addition of chemotherapy causes a moderate increase in acute toxicity and overall postoperative morbidity, although anastomotic leakage rate or 30 day mortality are not enhanced. At this moment, it is unclear from the available data whether the addition of chemotherapy to preoperative RT influences sphincter preservation. Patients should be informed about the possible functional and QoL related aspects of preoperative therapy.
Implications for research
1. Since the improvement of local control obtained with CRT did not translate into a better overall or disease free survival and up to one third of all patients develop distant spread, priority should be given to trials addressing early subclinical systemic spread;
Wim P Ceelen is a senior clinical researcher of the Fund for Scientific Research - Flanders (FWO).
Data and analyses
- Top of page
- Background
- Objectives
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- Authors' conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- Data and analyses
- What's new
- History
- Contributions of authors
- Declarations of interest
- Index terms
What's new
Last assessed as up-to-date: 16 July 2012.
Protocol first published: Issue 2, 2006
Review first published: Issue 1, 2009
Contributions of authors
General coordination and writing: Wim Ceelen, Yves Van Nieuwenhove
Literature search, data extraction, data verification: Laura De Caluwé, Wim Ceelen, Yves Van Niewenhove
Declarations of interest
Index terms
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Antineoplastic Agents [therapeutic use]; Chemoradiotherapy [*methods]; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local [prevention & control]; Preoperative Care [methods]; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Rectal Neoplasms [pathology; *therapy]
MeSH check words


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1078 search results for The Station
So some astronauts watched 'Gravity' on the International Space Station
Type: Post | Date: Monday, Apr 27, 2015And now I want to program a film festival for them
Behold! Zachary Quinto as Spock giving 'Blue Steel' face in an Instagram selfie
Type: Post | Date: Wednesday, Aug 26, 2015Bless you for this absurd gift, Internet.
The Numbers Station - DVD
Type: Event | Date: Tuesday, May 28, 2013Emerson and Katherine suddenly find themselves in a life-or-death struggle against an unknown enemy
The Numbers Station
Type: Event | Date: Friday, Apr 26, 2013John Cusack and Malin Ackerman star in this spy thriller.
The Numbers Station [Blu-ray]
Type: Event | Date: Tuesday, May 28, 2013Emerson and Katherine suddenly find themselves in a life-or-death struggle against an unknown enemy
Owl City - "The Midsummer Station"
Type: Event | Date: Tuesday, Aug 21, 2012Featuring the first single, "Good Time"
Review: Trying to make sense of the ridiculous 'True Detective' finale
Type: Post | Date: Sunday, Aug 9, 2015Who lived, who died, and what was the point of any of it?
Liv Tyler talks 'Space Station 76,' and how 'The Leftovers' scratches an old 'LOTR' itch
Type: Article | Date: Monday, Sep 22, 2014What a trip: Actress went into space with Jack Plotnick, Patrick Wilson and Matt Bomer
Exclusive: Listen to Owl City's 'Dreams and Disasters,' the first song on 'Midsummer'
Type: Post | Date: Tuesday, Aug 14, 2012Check out Adam Young setting the car on fire
Off the Carpet: The awards circuit comes to life ahead of AFI Fest
Type: Post | Date: Monday, Nov 4, 2013With new entries set to unveil, studios get their ducks in a row


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updated 09/11/2013 AT 2:00 PM ET
•originally published 09/11/2013 AT 2:05 PM ET
Addressing her skeptics, Diana Nyad claimed the right to set the ground rules for future swims from Cuba to Florida without a shark cage.
"I swam. We made it, our team, from the rocks of Cuba to the beach of Florida, in squeaky-clean, ethical fashion," Nyad said.
Speculation that she had gotten into or held onto a boat during part of her 53-hour journey drove Nyad and her team to hold a lengthy conference call Tuesday night with about a dozen members of the marathon swimming community.
Nyad said it was her understanding of the sport that the first person to make a crossing got to set the rules for that body of water. She said her "Florida Straits Rules" would largely maintain what they all agree on: no flippers, no shark cage, no getting out of the water, never holding on to the boat, never holding on to the kayak, never being supported by another human being or being lifted up or helped with buoyancy.
She would allow innovations such as the protective full-body suit and mask she wore to shield herself from the venomous jellyfish that can alter a swim as much as a strong current. Marathon swimming purists had questioned whether that gear violated the traditions of the sport.
"It is the only way. The swim requires it," Nyad said. "I don't mean to fly in the face of your rules, but for my own life's safety, a literal life-and-death measure, that's the way we did it."
Nyad said she never left the water or allowed her support team to help her beyond handing her food and assisting her with her jellyfish suit.
Her critics have been skeptical about long stretches of the 53-hour swim were Nyad appeared to have either picked up incredible speed or to have gone without food or drink. Since Nyad finished her swim Sept. 2 in Key West, Fla., long-distance swimmers have been debating the topic on social media and in online forums.


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Climate Change or Global Warming – Either Way It Spells Big Trouble
I get the newspaper every day, and usually like to do the sudoku and word puzzles before I even delve into the sports pages. Recently, I solved a cryptoquote that I thought would fit well with one of my blogs; it read, "When we see the land as a community to which we belong, we may begin to use it..


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Ex-Cub Factor
The phrase "ex-Cub factor" has been thrown around quite a bit. It was
originally coined by writer and Cub fan Ron Berler, who wrote an
article in 1981 stating that since the Yankees of that season had five
ex-Cubs on their roster, they were doomed to lose the World Series if
they got there. He was right -- they lost to the Dodgers in six games.
Up until 2001, the curse of the ex-Cub had been almost
complete. Since the Cubs last won the NL pennant in 1945, only once had
a team with three or more ex-Cubs won the World Series. That was the
1960 Pirates, and Berler even manages to explain that anomaly away in
his article.
In 2001, though, the Arizona Diamondbacks won the championship
with a healthy contingent of ex-Cubs: Mark Grace, Luis Gonzalez, Mike
Morgan, and Miguel Batista. It would appear that the curse has been
broken, and Mark Grace even said as much during a post-game interview.
In response, all I can say is it's pretty interesting that the World
Series to which this one has most been compared is the 1960 Series, won
by the Pirates. In both cases, the National League team beat the New
York Yankees in the bottom of the 9th inning of the 7th game of the
Series. Coincidience? Or SOMETHING MORE???
You can now read the entire original Ex-Cub Factor article right here. Special thanks to Ron Berler, and as always to Mark McClusky, for bringing this website to Berler's attention.
2003 Update: How will the ex-Cub factor affect
this year's playoff race? Well, here are the teams in the playoff races
and the ex-Cub contingent on their rosters:
Atlanta (4): Will Cunnane, Matt Franco, Ray King, Greg Maddux
San Francisco (3): Benito Santiago, Tim Worrell, Eric Young
New York Yankees (2): Felix Heredia, Jon Lieber (DL)
Cubs (2): Doug Glanville, Mark Guthrie
Houston (2): Orlando Merced, Jose Vizcaino
Florida (1): Lenny Harris
Boston (1): Bill Mueller
Oakland (1): Micah Bowie (DL)
Minnesota: None
As usual, the Braves look to be in trouble when it comes to
ex-Cubs in the playoffs. Maddux will be on the post-season roster, and
I imagine Franco will be, too. That leaves the two relief pitchers.
Cunnane has been effective in John Smoltz's absence, so he very well
may make the playoff roster. If he does, the Braves are doomed.
Likewise the Giants, who feature ex-Cubs at starting catcher and
closer. Eric Young was acquired as insurance against Ray Durham's
injury. With Durham healthy, Felipe Alou would be wise to leave Young
off the October roster unless he wants to treat fans to a repeat of
last year's heartbreak.
I've been tracking the ex-Cub factor for the past few years,
and Carl Condon has gone back to the earliest days of the World Series
to track The Factor. I have combined the work he and I have done and I
am in the process of making it available on the Historical Ex-Cub Factor page. You'll see that the Curse of the Ex-Cub has held true almost perfectly throughout the years.
Is there a lesson to be learned from this? I think so. If you find your team in a pennant race, RELEASE ANYONE WHO USED TO BE ON THE CUBS. It's really pretty simple. Guys like Shawon Dunston and Mike Morgan might help you get into the playoffs, but you'd better ditch them come playoff time.
2002 UPDATE: Angels (one ex-Cub) defeat Giants (three ex-Cubs) in World Series. Ex-Cub Factor fulfilled for the 20th time.
Recent comments
it's day old news, and it's got nothing to do with the cubs, but ichiro signed a $2m deal with MIA (with a $2m option for 2017).
neat. 41 years old and damn close to 3000 hits.
also, rain delays suck.
take that giants
I think that if a team objects to the 1-game wildcard playin game so much, they could just win the pennant and avoid themselves the trouble.
Per Jesse Sanchez at mlb.com, Cubs reportedly have signed 20-year old Cuban OF Eddy Julio Martinez for $3M bonus.
BLOCK: Of course any advantage is an advantage. An MLB, NBA, or NHL team getting the extra game at home in a seven game series is an advantage, I just don't think it is enough of an advantage for winning a division and/or having the best record in a conference or league over the course of an 82-game season (NBA and NHL) or 162 game series (MLB).
TEX takes the opening game from TOR (@TOR) 5-3.
TOR lost bautista + donaldson in-game due to injuries...TEX lost beltre...dunno if any will be lingering issues leading to missed games.
Ride the Kid Magic! Schwarber hadn't homered in a long time before last night.
Greg Maddux was 8-18 in his rookie season. Kyle has the 8 wins down pat.
Think Baby Maddux.
Prof. Harold Hill's THINK system at work.
Kyle is on the far left.
I support this. Hendricks has not only looked better lately but seems to start struggling after a few innings which is better than the 1st in the playoffs.
Just tweeted via Jesse Rogers: Hendricks starting Game 2. Wow. Just wow.
That was good!
Well said. On one hand, I thought the HBP was a bad baseball play -- down 4 runs, put a runner on for a red-hot Fowler. On the other hand, they needed to do something -- I hadn't thought about the warning/pitching inside point. Is Hurdle that smart? He does not strike me that way. By the way -- not clear which fan base you are referring to in your "first" 3rd point.
My unsolicited opinions on topics covered in this thread:
1. I hate the fact that after 162 games, a team could be out after 1 game. However, I think the system is pretty close to perfect right now. 2 of 3 isn't feasible unless they shorten the regular season, and it ices the division winners for way too long. This creates excitement, and rewards the division winners.
Personally, I think the game could have had a very different look had the Pirates held onto the ball and tagged Fowler out on the steal in the first. Cole was clearly frazzled, but if they took that runner off the base, it could have relaxed him a lot.
Football games are played once a week. There are 16 games a year. I'm not even remotely following at all how you can compare the two leagues and playoff systems. It is physically impossible to play a home and away series. The idea of not having any road games in baseball playoffs is certainly a head scratcher.
How is not having the first and last game at home a benefit for the division winners and team with the best record? How is it not an incentive to win the division when a WC team has to blow their top pitcher?
Call me lost.
Two 97+ win teams in a do-or-die, great bullpens, overpowering starters, plenty of pop--hard to believe that game wouldn't be tense. A 4-0 lead is not a blowout, especially in that situation and with the Cubs' young bullpen. Not only would a defensive play here or there make a difference, but you get the win there also on the home plate umps strike zone (generous strike calls for Arrieta, including a couple Ks), and on Schwarber sitting on the right pitch at the right time.


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Stayed here for seminar this weekend. The AC in out first room didn't work. They immediately moved us and upgraded to a port view room with a large open shower at no additional cost. Security brought us new keys. Took them all of 10 minuets. Great friendly service throughout entire hotel. Hotel connected to a small shopping area for economical snacks, lunches and breakfast. Primos is best resturant.
Negatives: no free shuttle from airport. Parking 30.00 a day. Lots of walking to get around hotel. Meeting rooms were ice cold.
Positives: one most comfortable beds I've ever slept in. Nice view. Lunch at hotel with seminar was exceptional. Trolley to mall close by for shopping. Choclate cookies upon arrival. Large room.
If at all possible fly into fort Lauderdale. Miami International is one big pain in the rear. You will need an hour almost to return rental car and walk to your terminal. That's before you check in and go through security.
Nice hotel for a seminar but I don't care for the traffic and so many people in one place. I much prefer the Gulf.
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Lake Property: 1.6 acres 152' on lake
October 13, 2015:
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The stupendously wealthy 5th Duke of Portland had a very weird obsession: building underground. At his order, tunnels, a ballroom, a church and a vast network of chambers were constructed underneath his estate at Welbeck Abbey in England. It might also be said he lived an underground life, avoiding human contact whenever possible. He communicated with his servants by written message and traveled mostly at night, with a lantern attached to his belt.
In 2010, musician Patti Smith published Just Kids, a radiant memoir about her relationship with photographer Robert Mapplethorpe and their lives as bohemian babes-in-the-woods in New York City. Set in the 1960s and '70s, the story of their coming-of-age as artists—Smith's first full-length work of prose—won the National Book Award. In her new memoir, M Train, Smith trades the circus atmosphere of the psychedelic era for the here and now, offering readers a remarkably intimate look at her life in New York City.
At 51, his days full of work and travel as an Emmy Award-winning correspondent for CNN, Tom Foreman relaxes in what free time he has. He ignores the added pounds and growing lethargy until the day his 18-year-old daughter asks, "Will you run a marathon with me?" Foreman is too loving a dad to say no, and way too far past his days as a competitive runner to rise easily to her challenge.
Forget Ben, Jennifer and the nanny. Don't give a second thought to Gwen and Gavin. Contemporary Splitsville sagas are dullsville compared to the craziness of Golden Age Hollywood stars Frank Sinatra and Ava Gardner. Their four decades-plus romance, detailed in John Brady's juicy and judiciously reported Frank & Ava: In Love and War, was the stuff of both dreams and nightmares and makes for a doozy of a read.
Of all the tragedies associated with the Kennedy family, the story of Rosemary Kennedy is among the saddest—and least known. It lasted a lifetime and played out virtually in secret, as opposed to the assassinations and plane crashes that commanded 72-point headlines and seem frozen in time.
Now that anyone with a Facebook page and an opinion can be a political pundit, it's hard to believe there was a time—and not that long ago—when a newspaper columnist could wield real political power. Mary McGrory did for nearly half a century.
There's a famous ethical dilemma that philosophy professors often pose to their students. If three people are drowning, and one is your mother and two are strangers, whom do you save? Clearly some people would be compelled to save the person dearest to them, in this case, their mother. Others would feel compelled to do as much good as they could in the world and are not moved by a sense of belonging; these people would save the strangers.
"Gorgeous hair is the best revenge," said Ivana Trump, she of the platinum blonde, sky-high hair. Hair as tool of revenge, as obsession, as embarrassment, as source of pride: Why does a long string of protein absorb so much of our attention?
Henry Kissinger is one of the most controversial statesmen in American history. Some regard him as the country's greatest strategic foreign relations thinker, while others describe him as conspiratorial or as a war criminal. Noted Harvard historian Niall Ferguson tells the first part of Kissinger's story in great detail in Kissinger: 1923-1968: The Idealist, the first of a projected two-volume biography.
Readers familiar with Jenny Lawson, as either The Bloggess or the author of the 2012 bestseller Let's Pretend This Never Happened, are aware that she has created a tribe of perfectly flawed followers by telling hilarious stories about some of the darkest times in her life. Furiously Happy is similar in focus—you'll find taxidermy, riotous fights with husband Victor and funny if slightly scary family stories—but Lawson's latest book is even more open about the challenges posed by illness. It will make you laugh to the point of tears, but it could also help you make it through the toughest stuff life has to offer.


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Location: Aspen, CO
Tickets: 0
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Belly Up Aspen
Aspen, CO
Viejas Concerts in the Park gets going with Kenny Loggins. Paul Parks
May 4, 2003 |
Trask Coliseum, Wilmington, N.C. AP Photo / StarNews Media
April 12, 2012 |
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Economic & Housing Research
Weekly Commentary and Economic Update
October 1
In contrast to the volatility in equity markets, the 10-year Treasury rate—a key driver of mortgage rates—varied just a little more than 10 basis points over the last week. As a result, the 30-year mortgage rate remained virtually unchanged, dropping 1 basis point to 3.85 percent. This marks the tenth consecutive week of a sub-4-percent mortgage rate. Despite persistently low mortgage rates, the pending home sales index dropped 1.4 percent in August, suggesting possible tempering in existing home sales in September.
>> Next Update: October 8
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A BART strike sent San Francisco Bay area commuters scrambling to find other transportation Friday. Here are just a few of the folks who were not happy about it.
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(Leon Neal/AFP/Getty Images)
John Goodman loses massive amount of weight
"Trumbo" star shows for London premiere looking almost unrecognizable.


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commercial property for rent or lease in Taft (TX), Industrial Space For Lease.
Taft commercial real estate for lease, rent, and leased investments.
Find Taft industrial buildings for lease, retail rentals, & Taft shops. Locate a Taft warehouse lease and any real estate for lease / investment, including industrial properties to rent and sale.
Most companies have a business plan which encompasses a companys real estate requirements. Taft commercial lease options should be considered for the foreseeable future and as such business leaders should attempt to anticipate the future expansion, if any, of the business. Its worth considering that when presented with the initial lease this will represent the ideal situation for the landlord. If details are not addressed prior to signing then issues that may arise may lead to unforeseen difficulties in the future.
If your company lacks the means to obtain financial loans, theres no need to put strategies, business plans, and lucrative ideas on hold. Leasing commercial real estate has been an advantageous opportunity for business owners and new entrepreneurs alike. While it may be an easier avenue compared to purchasing, there are still terms and conditions that can need to be haggled, settled, negotiated, and in some cases, debated. With an experienced broker on your side, you can leave the stress of negotiation to a more experienced hand. Besides a broker, a lawyer can help navigate the lease to ensure your companys best interests are protected and the terms are fair.
Your long term business plan and Taft real estate commitment should be aligned as most real estate leases and investments are long in duration. Business leaders need to anticipate future growth and requirements of the business to be positioned for the best and worst possible scenarios. Define the space you need and make sure the area can be designed to incorporate all your requirements. Will the layout satisfy employee expectations and will any possible employee relocation, or commute, to a new Taft venue be achieved to everyones satisfaction. Consider proximity to facilities and amenities such as Taft shopping, health care, childcare, etc.
commercial space listings
Garciasville (Starr), Corpus Christi (Nueces), Edcouch (Hidalgo), Hidalgo, Brownsville (Cameron), Cost (Gonzales), Port Mansfield (Willacy), Dripping Springs (Hays), Briggs (Burnet), Dale (Caldwell), Belmont, Buda
in Taft Texas (TX) (San Patricio)


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Save energy, save money, save lives.
Posted on: June 13th, 2001
QUESTION: In my wife's family, women count Sefirat Haomer. This is something that I have not seen in my own family, although they are quite observant. As a newly married couple, we are quite confused.Please discuss this matter and explain.No name pleaseToronto, Ontario
Posted on: June 6th, 2001
Printed from: http://www.jewishpress.com/judaism/torah/shabbos-mevorchim-shevat/2013/01/04/
Scan this QR code to visit this page online:


text:
Ducks keep playing around the globe
With Garrett Sim recently reaching an agreement with a team in Germany, it means all five Oregon seniors from last season are playing professionally.
Tyrone Nared is also on a team in Germany, while Olu Ashaolu is in Spain, Jeremy Jacob in Japan and Devoe Joseph in the Ukraine.
Also playing in Japan, after a season in Australia, is Joevan Catron, who concluded his UO career in 2011.
Bob Clark is a veteran sports reporter who has covered local and national events for more than 30 years.


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BRAIN Staff
All articles by BRAIN Staff
MORGAN HILL, CA (BRAIN) — Specialized is working with the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission to recall about 173 commuter bikes because of a problem with their dynamo front hubs.
MONTEREY, CA (BRAIN) – Early-bird registration for this spring's Bicycle Leadership Conference, saving participants $150, closes Tuesday. Regular registration is $940 for members of the Bicycle Product Suppliers Association and $1,040 for non-BPSA members.
CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA (BRAIN) — Scott Scudamore, a mountain bike athlete, advocate, event organizer and retail store employee, died Dec. 28 from complications from a mountain bike accident he suffered in September.
CHICAGO, IL (BRAIN) — SRAM's Brad Menna will start a new role as a road product manager beginning Jan. 1, having spent the past five years in sales, three of them as a senior OE account manager.
BAAL, Belgium (BRAIN) — Trek Bicycle is sponsoring cyclocross world champion Sven Nys' team, Crelan AA Drink, starting New Year's Day. Nys is a two-time world champion, six-time World Cup overall winner and eight-time Belgium national champion.
BOULDER, CO (BRAIN) — Power meter maker Stages Cycling is offering dealers a new point of purchase display that can be mounted on slatwall or countertops, and features a modular display.
SCOTTSDALE, AZ (BRAIN) — Phoenix area cycling boutique Bicycle Haüs has opened in its new location in Scottsdale. The 6,700-square-foot building is more than twice the size of the shop's previous location, and was designed by award-winning Arizona architect Jack DeBartolo III.
WASHINGTON, DC (BRAIN) — The National Bicycle Dealers Associaton is offering scholarships to help dealers attend the 2014 National Bike Summit in Washington, D.C., March 3-5, 2014.
FORT COLLINS, CO (BRAIN) — Exustar USA now has six distributors handling a variety of its products. The distributors are: Action Bicycle USA, Cyclone Bicycle Supply, Hans Johnsen, J&B Importers, North American Cycles and QBP, said Dannie Nall, general manager for Exustar USA.


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Bo Xilai
A man takes a photo of the gate at one of the houses that belongs to... News PhotoAdult,Beijing,Bo Xilai,Family,Horizontal,Law,Legal Trial,Men,Photography,PoliticsPhotographer STRCollection: AFP 2013 AFPA man (L) takes a photo of the gate at one of the houses that belongs to fallen Chinese political star Bo Xilai and his family in Beijing on August 23, 2013. The trial of fallen Chinese politician Bo Xilai, which had been widely expected to last no more than two days, will continue into a third day on August 24, the court said. Bo, once one of China's highest-flying politicians, faces charges of bribery, embezzlement and abuse of power which emerged after the lurid scandal triggered by the death of British businessman Neil Heywood. CHINA OUT AFP PHOTO (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images)