text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Nov 30, 1999
|Filing date
|Feb 5, 1997
|Priority date
|Jun 9, 1993
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Andreas Richter, Ogden Cartwright Reed, Jr.
|Original Assignee
|Intelligence At Large, Inc., Micron Technology, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (19), Referenced by (88), Classifications (92), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/626,580, filed Apr. 2, 1996 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,623,490, which is a continuation application of Ser. No. 08/073,956, filed Jun. 9, 1993 (abandoned).
The present invention relates to the field of digital communications systems, and more particularly to systems transporting multiple media (multimedia) and/or communicating such multimedia through a plurality of connections to multiple callers.
In the prior art, multimedia communications, such as videoconferencing systems for providing two way video and audio, are well known. Given sufficient bandwidth and dedicated independent channels, (e.g. 6 Mhz for an analog video channel, 3 Khz for an audio link over a standard analog telephone line, etc), videoconferencing between two callers can be realized. However, communication channels providing 6 Mhz video bandwidth are not generally or universally available. A major obstacle to wide spread implementation and acceptance of multiple media conferencing systems is the limited bandwidth of the available communication channels. In addition, typical communication channels available on packet switched networks such as AppleTalk, from Apple Computer, California, USA, or Netware from Novell Inc, Oregon, USA, do not provide the continuous real time analog or digital connection of a telephone line or modem. Instead, packet switched networks provide non-real time bursts of data in the form of a switched packet containing a burst of digital data. Thus, in addition to bandwidth limitations, packet switched networks present delay limitations in implementing real time multiple media conferencing systems. The same bandwidth and time delay limitations which apply to all time division multiple access (TDMA) communication systems and similar schemes present obstacles to achieving real time multimedia communications.
Typically, the problem of videoconferencing two callers is approached by compressing the composite video signal so that the resulting transmitted data rate is compatible with the available communication channel, while permitting acceptable video and audio to be received at the other end of the communication channel. However, solutions in the past using lossy compression techniques, have been limited to compromising quality in order to obtain acceptable speed. Recently, non-lossy compression techniques have become available. The problem still remains as to how to match the bandwidth and timing constraints of available digital formats to the available communication channels, both present and future.
The present invention is embodied in a digital communication system where multiple media data sources are time multiplexed into a packetized data stream. At both the transmit side, and the receive side, audio packets are given priority processing over video packets, which in turn have priority over text/graphics data packets. Continuous real time audio playback is maintained at the receiver by delaying the playback of received audio in a first in/first out (FIFO) buffer providing a delay at least equal to the predicted average packet delay for the communication system. Optionally, the average system delay is continuously monitored, and the audio and video playback delay time as well as audio and video qualities are adjusted accordingly. In another embodiment of the invention, a conference of three or more callers is created by broadcasting a common packetized data stream to all conference callers. Use of the present invention further permits an all software implementation of a multimedia system.
1. In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, multiple data sources forming data packets are combined into a prioritized data stream.
The present invention is embodied in a method and apparatus for combining data from a plurality of media sources into a composite data stream capable of supporting simultaneous transmission including multiple video and graphic signals and real time audio. Video, audio and other signals are integrated in a non-standard transmission format determined by a novel streaming algorithm and prioritization scheme designed to provide the best balance between transmission quality and realization of real time rendition of each.
For example, each data type packet at the transmitter is assigned a priority between 0 and 10000, with 0 being the highest priority and 10000 the lowest. An audio packet is given priority 20, a video packet is given priority 50. Screen data packets and file data transfer packets are both given priority 180.
Before transmission on the communication channel, packets are placed in a queue according to priority order. As new packets are generated, the queue is reorganized so that the new packet is placed into its proper priority order.
At the receiver, each task runs according to its assigned priority. Packets with priorities between 0 and 100 are processed first, to the exclusion of packets with priorities 101 through 10000. Audio, being the highest priority (20), is processed first to the exclusion of all other packets. Within the class of packets with priorities between 101 and 10000, packets are processed according to relative priority. That is, higher priority tasks do not completely shut out tasks of lower priority. The relationship among priorities is that a priority 200 task runs half as often as a priority 100 task. Conversely, a priority 100 task runs twice as often as priority 200 task. Tasks with priorities between 0 and 100 always run until completion. Thus, video, screen data and file data, processing tasks are completed after audio processing in accordance with the relative priority of the packets.
A multi-tasking executive dynamically reassigns task priorities, to efficiently complete all tasks within the available time, while performing the highest priority tasks first. At any given time, there are different tasks all at different priorities, all yielding to each other. In general, a task yields to a higher priority task, if it is not running an uninterruptable sequence. If the current task completes its cycle, its priority is reassigned to a lower priority. If the priority of two or more tasks is equal, then the multi-tasking executive executes each task in a round robin fashion, performing a portion of each task, until the completion of all tasks with the same priority.
The assignment of packet priorities, and processing according to priority assures that audio will be given precedent over video, while audio and video will be given precedent over both screen data and file transfer data.
As indicated above, continuous real time audio playback is maintained at the receiver by delaying the playback of received audio in a first in/first out (FIFO) buffer having a size at least equal to the predicted average packet delay for the communication system. Optionally, the delay of the audio FIFO may be made variable. A variable delay audio FIFO buffer at the receiver allows the system to shrink or grow the time delay between one machine and the other. The ability to shrink or grow the difference in time between the sender and receiver permits the system of the present invention to compensate for indeterminate system delays. If the changes are slight, the difference in pitch is not noticeable. For greater changes, the technique of audio resampling may be used to increase or decrease the rate of audio playback without changing the pitch of audio content.
Similarly, video playback continuity at the receiver may also be improved by delaying the playback of received video in a first in/first out (FIFO) buffer having a size at least equal to the predicted average packet delay for the communication system. The delay of the video FIFO may be made variable, allowing the system to shrink or grow the time delay between one machine and the other to compensate for indeterminate system delays. Again, if the changes are slight, the change in frame rate is not noticeable. However, video data does not age as quickly as audio data. Therefore a smaller video FIFO can be used. Also, a video image may have short discontinuities without a perceived loss of the video connection. Audio playback, on the other hand, is more sensitive to discontinuities, and it is more important to maintain continuity at the receiver. Ideally, when both audio and video are used in a multimedia conference, the delay for audio and video should be equal to make sure that they are synchronized. In the latter case, the actual system delay is calculated by finding the maximum delay of both audio and video packets.
Data from media sources tend to come in bursts. For example, audio data rates rise when speaking, and fall to zero during a silence. In the present embodiment, the silence between words provides the present system with an opportunity to catch up by refilling the audio FIFO buffer before it empties. In such manner, the present system compensates for the delay inherent in a packet switched, time delay variant, communication channel.
Similarly, video sources including graphic screen data, are generated in bursts. That is, the data rate for video ideally falls to zero when there is no motion. The data rate for transmitting screen graphics falls to zero when are no changes. When the caller changes the screen, (such as the collaborative work document displayed on the screen), data is generated.
Thus, following the priority scheme of the present invention, video is updated only when no speech data is being processed. However, processing of speech data does not included the playing of sound. Once the sound starts playing, there is no need to further spend time to process the sound. Sound playing needs no supervision. Therefore, video updating occurs while sound is playing. After speech is playing close to real time (with a delay), video text and graphics are updated in the background. Video, text, graphics and data files are updated at lesser priorities. Except for audio and video data, task priorities are re-assigned to assure that all tasks will be completed, and that a higher priority task will not completely prevent the lower priority tasks from being completed.
2. In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention, multiple signal packets are broadcast to a plurality of callers to create a common multimedia conference.
In addition to assigned priorities, data packets having multiple destination addresses are broadcast over a plurality of connections to multiple callers. Each caller receives the same data packets with assigned priorities, and processes the received packets in a similar manner. As new data is generated from each caller in the video conference, new data packets are broadcast to the other callers. Thus, due to the broadcast of data packets representing audio, video and screen data, all callers are conferenced together, each seeing and hearing each other, while discussing the same screen document. Additional callers can be added to the conference over a plurality of connections without adding undue burden, because in a conference, each caller needs to generate data only once, which is then transimtted either simultaneously or sequentially depending on the kind of connection, to other callers.
3. In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention data received on a first communication medium (for example on a broadband local area network, such as ethernet) are re-broadcast on a different communication medium (such as a telephone line) in order to conference callers on the different communication media in a common multimedia conference. The present invention thereby provides the option of desktop videoconferencing on standard computer networks and telephone lines.
FIG. 1A is a dialog box indicating connection status as it would appear on the screen of a Macintosh computer used in conjunction with the present invention.
FIG. 1B is a dialog box indicating an incoming call as it would appear on the screen of a Macintosh computer used in conjunction with the present invention.
FIG. 1C is a dialog box illustrating the connection status message that would appear for a call that was not accepted as it would appear on the screen of a Macintosh computer used in conjunction with the present invention.
FIG. 1D is a window containing a moving video image as it would appear on the screen of a Macintosh computer used in conjunction with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a video screen illustrating a video conference between two callers and sharing a common document.
FIG. 3 is a video screen illustrating a video conference between three callers and sharing a common document.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the sequence of operations for establishing a connection in a multiple media digital communication system embodying the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating the sequence of operations for establishing media types to be used in a conference call in a multiple media digital communication system embodying the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an illustration of a packet data format used in conjunction with the present invention.
FIG. 7A is a block diagram of a multiple media communication system transmitter in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 7B is a block diagram of a multiple media communication system receiver in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a method and apparatus for processing a data packet in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating the sequence of operation of a method and apparatus for processing data packets in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a method and apparatus for establishing a connection for specific media between callers used in conjunction with the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating the sequence of data packet flows with optional acknowledgement handshake packets.
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a multiple media digital communications system for sending and receiving multiple media for a first caller in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a multiple media digital communications system for receiving and sending multiple media for a second caller in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a first configuration of the present invention for conducting a standard videoconference call over an ethernet network.
FIG. 15 is an alternate configuration of the present invention for conducting a standard videoconference call with collaborative data over an ethernet network.
FIG. 16 is an alternate configuration of the present invention for leaving a recorded multimedia message of a videoconference call with collaborative data over an ethernet network.
FIG. 17 is a three caller multimedia conference call in a system in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 18 is an alternate embodiment of a three caller multimedia conference call in a system using both ethernet and a telephone modem in accordance with the present invention.
From the viewpoint of the caller, the present multimedia communication system operates as follows:
A caller on a desktop computer initiates a multimedia call by selecting a media type and desired connection with a second party. A dialog box of the type shown in FIG. 1A appears on the screen, illustrating the connection status. Caller 2, who receives the call, views a dialog box on his screen of the type illustrated in FIG. 1B to announce an arriving call. Caller 2 has the option of deciding to either pick up or deny the call, or to take a message. If the call is denied by caller 2, then caller 1 views a dialog box 14 as illustrated in FIG. 1C. For purposes of illustration, a video box 16 containing a video of the first caller 1 is shown in FIG. 1D. If the caller decides to take a message, caller 2 can now control the connection and optionally send an announcement message requesting a message.
FIG. 2 illustrates the screen appearance of a typical multimedia call with a collaborative document. On the screen 20 of caller 1, a video box 24 appears in which a moving video showing caller 2 appears. The screen of caller 2 is similar, but contains the image and sound of caller 1. On both the screens of callers 1 and 2 can be a collaborative document 22. Caller 1 and caller 2 are connected by moving video and two way audio and can discuss collaborative document. Caller 1 may manipulate the document and the changes will appear on the screen of caller 2. In an alternate embodiment, caller 2 may manipulate the document as well.
FIG. 3 illustrates the screen 20 appearance of a three party video conference as it appears to caller 1. Caller 3 appears in a video box 26 as well as caller 2 in another video box 26, and the collaborative document 22. The other callers 2 and 3 see the other two members of their video conference on their screen as well as collaborative document 22. The size and position of video boxes 24 and 26 is selectable by caller 1. A video image 25 of caller 1 may also appear on the screen of caller 1 to let caller 1 see what is being transmitted. Reducing the size of video box 25 reduces the amount of (video) data which must be transmitted by the communication system.
The sequence of operation for establishing a connection between caller 1 and caller 2 over a communication network is illustrated in FIG. 4. The network may typically be AppleTalk, ethernet or any other commonly available local area network. Also, a connection can be established over a telephone line or other proprietay digital telephone lines such as ISDN.
The terms, "connection stream" and "media stream" used below are further defined in the description of FIGS. 8-11. For present purposes, such terms may be regarded as routines for handling data packets. Caller 1 selects a media type stream 28, and a connection stream 30, suitable for the communication medium. An initial message termed a helo packet is sent to a caller 2 connection stream 32. The connection stream 32 provides a dialog box to caller 2 informing that there is an incoming call from caller 1. Caller 2 can then decide 34 to either accept or deny the call, or alternatively to take a message if caller 2 is not present. The accept, deny and take commands are communicated back to the connection stream 32 which sends a return message across the communication system back to connection stream 30 and caller 1.
In addition to denying or taking the call, caller 2 has the option to pick a different media type. That is, for example, if the media type stream 28 of caller 1 is video, and caller 2 does not want to accept a video call but will accept an audio call, then the return message pick will indicate that caller 2 is picking audio as the media for an incoming call. At caller 1, connection stream 30 distributes the response from caller 2. Specifically, if the call is denied then the connection attempt is deleted 40. If a different media is picked, then a modification of the media type stream 28 is performed. If take a message was selected, then the appropriate file transfer 38 takes place to transmit an announcement file, and a message is requested to be sent back.
FIG. 5 illustrates the communication sequence for selecting the among the various media types between caller 1 and caller 2. For media type stream 42, a request is sent through connection stream 44 across the communication channel to caller 2 at connection stream 46 which is forwarded to media type stream 48. Caller 2 configures itself to accept the media type stream which is being presented to it by modification of its registration server 50 which clones the desired media type. If accepted, media type stream 48 sends a message through connection stream 46 across the communication medium to caller 1. The acceptance is received at connection stream 44 and communicated to media type stream 42 which opens up the connection for the given media type between caller 1 and caller 2.
FIG. 6 shows a packet data format 52 suitable for use in conjunction with the present invention. The length of the packet is indicated by data field 54. The length of the header is indicated by data field 56. The packet type and identification are respectively indicated by data fields 58 and 60.
The priority of the data packet is indicated in data field 62. When transporting multiple media digital data packets, the priority data field determines which of the packets has the highest priority in processing. Data fields 64 and 66 respectively contain information as to the message state, and a checksum for determining message errors. The packet source address is indicated at data field 68, and a destination count as to the number of destinations this packet will reach is indicated at data field 70. Also, an active destination count, the number of destination which have not yet received this packet, and a maximum destination count is provided in data fields 72 and 74 respectively.
The data packet 52 of FIG. 6 contains a number of destination addresses 76. The plural destination addresses provides a broadcast capability by which all the callers in a conference call can view common documents and see and hear each other. That is, when a data packet 52 contains audio data representing one speaker's voice, that packet is broadcast to all the destinations simultaneously. The same is true of the video and document updates. The destination addresses is followed by the actual variable length data of the data packet in field 78.
A block diagram of a multiple media communication system transmitter is shown in FIG. 7A. A packet with priority 20 is generated 708 from audio data source 702. A packet with priority 50 is generated 710 from video data source 704. A packet with priority 180 is generated 712 from text/graphics data source 706. A WriteQueue 716 (a buffer memory for storing packets to be sent) is provided for holding packets to be transmitted over the communication channel 718. Control 714, responsive to packet generation, 708, 710, 712 places the packets in the WriteQueue 716 in order of packet priority. In hardware, a queue maybe a FIFO. In software, WriteQueue 716 is a linked list of packet containers with pointers to the next and previous packet containers. Since the Writequeue 716 is an ordered list, adding a new entry is achieved by modifying two pointers to add the new entry to the list in the proper order.
A block diagram of a multiple media communication system receiver is shown in FIG. 7B. Two substantially similar receivers, one for caller 2 and another for caller 3 are illustrated. Both callers are respectively connected to a broadcast communication channel 720, 746. A ReadQueue 722, 724 (a buffer memory for storing packets) receives packets for processing. A control means 726, 728 selects packets to be processed based on the packet priority. A multi-tasking control 730, 738 processes data packets in accordance with assigned priorities. As indicated, audio packets have the highest priority and are processed first. Other packets are processed in accordance with priority in a multi-tasking environment which balances speed of execution among the different priority packets while making sure to complete all tasks. A variety of multi-tasking control techniques for completing multiple tasks simultaneously, giving priority to higher tasks, while devoting some system resources to complete the lowest priority tasks, are known to those skilled in the art.
Audio data playback is delayed in a delay 734, 742, as indicated above. Video data display is similarly delayed in delay 731, 739 to maintain synchronism between video and audio. The multi-task control 730, 738 sets the amount of delay (for both video and audio) in accordance with the predicted average delay of the communication channel 720, 746. Delayed audio is then displayed 736, 744 at the receiver for caller 2 and caller 3. Delayed video is simultaneous displayed 732, 740 at the receiver for caller 2 and caller 3. Furthermore, since callers 2 and 3 are both receiving the same packets broadcast by caller 1, both hear and view the same multimedia messages.
Multimedia communication is typically two way between all callers. It should be understood that caller 1, caller 2 and caller 3 all include the transmitter and receiver elements shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. This does not mean, however, that all callers need to transmit or receive data. Each caller can choose to (or be required to) receive only or transmit only.
In operation, at caller 1 in FIG. 7A, successive multimedia data packets with assigned priority are generated 708, 710, 712 from respective multimedia sources 702, 704 and 706. As the packets are generated, each is placed 714 in priority order in a queue 716 and transmitted over a communication channel 718. If the channel capacity were unlimited, packets would be transmitted as soon as generated. However, in the normal case, generated packets may accumulate awaiting transmission because the communication channel capacity is limited. The present priority scheme assures that packets are transmitted in priority order with the highest priority packets transmitted first.
At the receiver, callers 2 and 3 in FIG. 7B both receive packets from the communication channel 720, 746. Received packets at callers 1 and 2, are processed in accordance with the received priority, to play back the received audio, video and display of the received text/graphics. Since both callers 2 and 3 receive the same packets, a three party videoconference call is created.
Continuity of audio playback is perceived as critical to a multimedia conference. Accordingly, audio packets, being assigned the highest priority, are sent as soon as possible, and at the receiver, are processed as soon as possible after receipt. Thus, audio packets tend to be delivered in the shortest time which the communication channel will allow.
The system of the present invention tolerates transmission errors inherent in a traditional packet switched system by discarding or retransmitting corrupted audio or video. For text files, the normal error detection and retransmission requests are used. Sound and video are distinguished from text or file data in that it is possible to tolerate some loss of sound and video and still maintain an acceptable quality. In the event of a detected error in the received audio or video packet, the receiver determines whether there is sufficient time to flag the error and request a retransmission, based on the predicted average delay time of the system. If there is not sufficient time, the corrupted packet is ignored. In such manner, network capacity is not wasted on retransmissions which will arrive too late and have to be discarded anyway. However, the lowest priority packets of text/graphics or computer file data which are not time dependent, are flagged for errors and retransmitted.
Various types of streams are used to achieve multimedia communications. First, a connection stream provides the interface to the communication channel. Then, there is a media stream for each desired media. For example, there may be a video stream, an audio stream, a video and audio stream such as QuickTime, or a text/data/graphics stream representing files, graphic images of many types, or any other data required. The architecture is designed to support "drop in" streams for new kinds of collaborative data.
The block diagram of FIG. 8 illustrates the method and apparatus for sending and receiving data packets, also termed CPackets. Each of the above methods and tasks is described in detail below, including pseudo code for realizing each of the methods and tasks on a general purpose digital computer. Although the preferred embodiment is described in terms of software operating in a Macintosh computer environment, it will be understood that the present multiple media communication system of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, such as in dedicated logic, microprogrammed bit slices, programmable arrays and the like.
CPacketStream 80 is a software component which is responsible for handling CPackets to establish communication channels between machines. Each CPacketStream 80 is composed of a set of routines (or methods) responsible to interact with CPackets. These methods are used in turn by a set of tasks running in each CPacketStream. The task types and methods (or routines) available for packet handling are summarized as follows and described in more detail below.
WriteTask (prioritized multi-tasking of received CPackets)
ReadTask (connection stream distributes received CPackets)
IdleTask (send final packet and initial packet)
OpenTask (open connection stream)
DoQueue (puts a Cpacket in the WriteQueue)
DoWrite (generates actual output from packet data)
DoIdle (idle between packets)
Write (lookups destination and calls DoQueue)
WriteDone (acknowledges receipt of packet)
WriteQueue (A buffer containing CPackets in priority order)
ReadQueue (A buffer containing CPackets in received order)
CPacketStream::WriteTask 94
The WriteTask 94 is responsible for distributing packets contained in the WriteQueue 96 in each CPacketStream 80. The priority of this task is at least as high as the packet it is currently handling. This task is in a loop currently scanning the WriteQueue 96, if the queue is empty then the task will sleep. The CPacketStream::DoQueue method will put a CPacket into the WriteQueue 96, and wake the WriteTask 94 up. Therefore, the WriteTask 94 will be the one displaying or playing the packets.
if a packet in WriteQueue
call DoWrite for that packet to handle data
CPacketStream::ReadTask 82
The ReadTask 84 is responsible for reading CPackets from a particular channel, and redistributing among CPacketStreams 80 in that machine. This type of task is only appropriate for a connection (media) CPacketStream 80. (In a way it is similar to the WriteTask 94, serving a WriteQueue 96, but in the reverse direction, and corresponding to receiving data packets in a ReadQueue)
if a new packet read
write a new packet
CPacketStream::IdleTask 82
The idle task 82 is responsible for generating and sending `helo` (the initial packet) and `kiss` (the final packet) CPackets. It is also responsible to execute idle time events in some particular streams. For example, a Communications Tool (from Apple Computer) needs to have an idle call every so often in order to handle a particular connection.
if initial packet not sent
if initial packet not created
create initial packet
sent initial packet
idle stream if necessary
if stream should die
if final packet not created
create final packet
send final packet
if final packet sent and stream should die
disable and delete the streams
An OpenTask 88 is used when the connection is being first opened and the connection negotiated between callers. At that time, the contents of the table lookup 98, which defines media types and connection streams is determined. In addition to these tasks, there are several methods that are called by these tasks in order to communicate with the stream. These methods are:
CPacketStream DoQueue 86
This is the method that is called in order to give a packet to a particular stream. Most streams will immediately write the packet to a WriteQueue 96, and activate the WriteTask 94 in order to handle that particular packet.
CPacketStream::DoQueue 86
put packet into the write queue
wakeup WriteTask
CPacketStream::DoWrite 92
The WriteTask 94 will call this routine to actually handle the packet's content. For a connection stream, this is the output routine of a CPacketStream 80 to the communication channel. For a video stream, this routine will decompress and display the video contained in a packet. For other media streams, the DoWrite 92 routine will carry out the appropriate process to get the data displayed, played or otherwise.
handle the packet's data
This is the routine which can be used to idle the CPacketStream 80. Many streams can use this to do periodic tasks.
perform periodic task
CPacketStream::Write 90
This routine will look up in table 98 the destination address for each destination in the packet, and the call DoQueue 86 for each destination packet stream. Each DoQueue 86 can refuse the packet until a later time, and therefore the packet contains flags for each destination address such that a complete write will mark that address completely written. A packet therefore contains an active destination count (72 in FIG. 6).
for all destination addresses in packet
lookup destination stream in address table
if alias entry and `info` packet
add writeAsRemoteInfo flag
if found
call DoQueue method for destination stream
if successful
mark destination address write complete
mark destination address write deleted
Data packet flow and handling through CPacketStream 80 is from calls to DoQueue 86 which will write a CPacket into the WriteQueue 96, and then activate WriteTask 94, which processes the Cpackets, and calls DoWrite 92 to distribute the Cpackets contained in the WriteQueue 96.
This routine will be called to dispose of the packet generated by a certain stream. It can be used for synchronization. A connection stream has the option of calling WriteDone to transfer acknowledge packets on the outgoing connection. The CPacketStream owns the packet which it sends, until all other streams are done with the packet. At that time, the packet ready to be deleted. However, when a packet (e.g., video) is sent from one machine on to another machine, such as between an ethernet LAN (local area network) and a telephone modem, the packet (e.g., the video) is not actually being used. In such circumstances, the originating connection stream should hold the packet, until all other connections have used this packet on the other machine(s). Synchronization of packet receipt is accomplished by returning an acknowledge packet when the WriteDone function of the connection stream is called at each machine which receives the packet. This is an additional form of communications between machines to reinforce the normal packet communications. "Acknowledge" packets have the same priority as the information packets, the lowest packet priority.
A generalized representation of the use of the present streaming algorithm is shown in the block diagram of FIG. 9. Two CPacketStreams, CPacketStream A, 801 and CPacketStream B, 802 are shown. By way of example, if CPacketStream A was a connection stream, then CPacketStream B would be a media stream, such as a video stream. On the other hand if CPacketStream A was a video stream, such as from a frame grabber, then CPacketStream B would be a connection stream. In general, there is one stream for each type of media, plus one stream for each connection. That is, a separate connection stream is used for each caller. Thus, for a two way conference with one other caller, there is one connection stream, while for a three way conference there are two connection streams, one for each of the other two callers. In an alternate embodiment, such as may be used with future higher speed communication systems, a single connection stream may be used with more than one caller.
FIG. 9 also shows a lookup table 818 which is filled in when each stream is established for keeping track of the destination of the various packets. In operation, a packet is generated 804 and the Write function 806 is called. The pseudo code 816 for the Write function 806 contains a reference to a lookup to table 818, which returns an address to CPacketStream B, 802. CPacketStream B, 802 calls DoQueue 812, which writes the CPacket to WriteQueue 810. WriteTask 814 is activated to process the CPacket, which calls DoWrite 808 to generate the output routine of a CPacketStream 80 to the communication channel, or other appropriate media output.
FIG. 10 illustrates the use of lookup tables to generate destination addresses from connection information between two given callers. By way of example, assume that CPacketStream A, 904 is a video stream connected to frame grabber 902 and image decompressor 912 at machine 1. A machine 2, CPacketStream D, 910 is also a video stream connected to a frame grabber 920 and image decompressor 918 at machine 2. Then, CPacketStream B, 906 is a connection stream coupled to a communication channel interface 914, such as for example a transmission source for an AppleTalk Data Streaming Protocol (ADSP) device. CPacketStream C, 908 is a connection stream coupled to a communication channel interface 916, shown as the receiving side of an AppleTalk Data Streaming Protocol device. Machine 1 uses table 922 to lookup the destination stream address 2,D for packets generated using data from video grabber 902. Similarly, machine 2 uses lookup table 925 to lookup the destination stream address 1,A for packets generated using data from video grabber 920.
A block diagram illustrating the use of an optional acknowledgement packet is shown in FIG. 11. A media stream 928, responsive to a video packet 936, calls the Write function, which through the appropriate lookup table, calls the DoQueue and DoWrite functions of connection stream 930, an ethernet connection stream. The video packet is transmitted on the ethernet communication channel 938 and received by the ReadTask and Write functions of connection stream 932. Thereafter, the DoQueue and DoWrite functions of media stream 934 are called through the appropriate lookup table which displays the data on video display 940.
The communication channel LAN protocol typically supports lower level acknowledgment functions. For example, it is known by the transmitting caller that the packet was received over the clear communication channel 938. Otherwise, the LAN protocol (at the ADSP level for example) would have returned an error indication. In addition to the acknowledge at the LAN protocol level, an acknowledge packet is generated when the received data is played (i.e., when the video data is displayed) in order to provide end to end synchronization information. The WriteDone function of connection stream 932 generates such acknowledge packet for return transmission across communication channel 938. Back at the originating transmitting caller, the ReadTask function of connection stream 930, calls WriteDone routine of media stream 928 to process the acknowledge packet. The receipt of an acknowledge packet also provides an indication of system delay for the media type of media stream 928, in this example, a video packet. The acknowledge packet contains a recorded time indicating when the video packet was actually used. Comparison of the recorded transmission time with the received recorded display time, provides a measure of the end to end system delay.
A system block diagram is illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13. FIG. 12 shows the transmission elements in solid lines and the receive elements in dotted lines. FIG. 13 shows the receive elements in solid lines and the transmit elements in doted lines.
In FIG. 12, and audio data source 110 and video data source 112 are coupled through audio/video stream 114 and connection stream 116 to data communication channel 118. In FIG. 13, data communication channel 118 is coupled to connection stream 216, and then to audio/video stream 214. Audio is played by sound manager 220, which includes a FIFO delay buffer 228. Video is played back by video decompressor 224 coupled to video display device 226.
For the return direction, FIG. 13 also shows audio data source 210 and video data source 212, coupled to the communication channel 218 through audio/video stream 214 and connection stream 216. At the transmission side in FIG. 12, audio is played by sound manager 120, which includes a FIFO delay buffer 128. Video is played back by video decompressor 124 coupled to video display device 126.
In operation in FIG. 12, data generated by audio source 110 and video data source 112 are placed into packets in audio/video stream 114, and forwarded to connection stream 116. The connection stream arranges the available packets in priority order before transmission on the network communication channel 118. Once transmission of a packet has begun, however, it is typically not interruptable. For example, if a video packet represents a video frame update, and the video packet transmission has started, no audio packet can be sent until the current packet is completed. If it is desired to improve audio transfer, the video frame update may be divided into smaller sub-frame packets. Then, an audio packet will be inserted during transmission of a complete video frame update, i.e., by insertion between sub-frame packets forming the video frame update.
In FIG. 13, data packets received by connection stream 216 are distributed to the audio/video stream 214. Audio data packets, having a higher priority represent a higher priority task. Thus, the sound manager 222 is given priority over the video decompressor 224. As indicated above, delay buffer 228 is set equal to the predicted average packet transmission delay of the communication system. Alternatively, the delay provided by delay buffer 228 is dynamically adjustable according to system delay as measured by time reported by return message packets or acknowledge packets. Audio playback is slowed or accelerated in order to shrink or grow the difference in time between the sender and receiver.
Additional media types, such as file text or screen documents may be added to the block diagrams of FIGS. 12 and 13 as additional inputs to the Write function of stream 114 in FIG. 12 and additional outputs of stream 214 in FIG. 13. In sharing collaborative documents, one member of the conference may be running the application such as a word processor or spreadsheet, and the others viewing a screen only. Alternatively, one member of the conference may be running the application, but the keystrokes of the others are transmitted back to the one member as text data. In such manner, conference members may each have direct input into the collaborative application.
As indicated, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is in software running on a Macintosh computer. A software embodiment has the advantage of being hardware independent, capable of working with any available media source, and across any available communication system. In addition, CPacketStream tasks and methods are shared by various connection streams and media streams. It is noteworthy that the present system achieves multimedia conferencing in a uniprocessor architecture.
Alternative embodiments of the present multimedia communication system include multi-processor architectures where the multi-tasking of received multimedia data packets may be replaced by parallel processing, or in special purpose hardware. In dedicated hardware, each CPacketStream could be a special purpose microprogrammed integrated circuit, where one chip would be required for each media type, and for each connection.
FIGS. 14 through 18 illustrate the various capabilities of the present system of multiple media digital communication. FIG. 14 illustrates a standard video call of the type shown in FIG. 2 over an ethernet network of the type illustrated. FIG. 15 illustrates a video call with collaborative data over an ethernet network of the type illustrated on the screen in FIG. 3. This configuration is contemplated as the most common type of multimedia call.
FIG. 16 illustrates a one way video/audio call with collaborative data over an ethernet network. The data is one way because first party did not answer, but that party was configured to accept messages. The received data is recorded in memory or on disk and played back later, thus creating a multimedia message answering machine. In the message record mode, system delays are not limiting because the message does not have to be recorded in real time; the only requirement is to play it back in real time. The message is recorded on one machine, and sent as a complete message file to the other machine, and there stored on the drive.
A three way videoconference call is illustrated in FIG. 3. Caller 1, caller 2 and caller 3 are connected over an ethernet communication system. Each caller broadcasts multimedia digital packets to the other two callers. The connection may be expanded to more than three callers. Each caller will see a video image of all the other conferences on their screen in separate windows, as well as hear the conversation and view collaborative data.
An alternate embodiment for a three way videoconference call is illustrated in FIG. . Two callers (1 and 3) are on ethernet. Another caller, 2 is connected by modem. Caller 3 links caller 1 to caller 2. To link callers 1 and 2, caller 3 rebroadcasts received data packets from caller 1 over ethernet, to caller 3 over modem, and vice versa.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 15, 1982
|May 7, 1985
|Satellite Business Systems
|Teleconferencing method and system
|Oct 23, 1985
|Nov 17, 1987
|Stc Plc
|Packet switching system
|Dec 13, 1985
|Aug 9, 1988
|American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories
|Digital communication network architecture for providing universal information services
|Nov 25, 1987
|Jul 11, 1989
|Datapoint Corporation
|Video conferencing network
|Apr 27, 1989
|Jun 19, 1990
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Cyclic video region transmission for videoconferencing systems
|Jul 5, 1989
|Jul 17, 1990
|Nec Corporation
|Real time processor for video signals
|Feb 24, 1989
|Jul 17, 1990
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Congestion control method for packet switching apparatus
|Oct 24, 1988
|Jul 31, 1990
|Professional Satellite Imaging, Inc.
|Satellite communications system for medical related images
|Oct 27, 1989
|Aug 14, 1990
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Audio-video data interface for a high speed communication link in a video-graphics display window environment
|Aug 2, 1988
|Feb 5, 1991
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Real-time digital signal processing relative to multiple digital communication channels
|May 30, 1989
|Feb 19, 1991
|Telenorma Telefonbau Und Normalzeit Gmbh
|Video conference installation
|Apr 6, 1989
|May 7, 1991
|Datapoint Corporation
|Video conferencing network
|May 10, 1991
|Oct 13, 1992
|Picturetel Corporation
|Hierarchical encoding method and apparatus employing background references for efficiently communicating image sequences
|Jun 3, 1988
|Jan 5, 1993
|Radio Telcom & Technology, Inc.
|Interactive television and data transmission system
|Oct 13, 1989
|May 11, 1993
|Texas Instruments Incorporated
|Instruction generator architecture for a video signal processor controller
|Mar 16, 1990
|Jul 27, 1993
|Fujitsu Limited
|Video and audio multiplex transmission system
|Jun 18, 1992
|May 3, 1994
|International Business Machines Corp.
|Methods and apparatus for routing packets in packet transmission networks
|Jun 14, 1994
|Jul 16, 1996
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Method of computer conferencing by intercepting commands issued by application programs and redirecting to all stations for execution
|Feb 21, 1995
|Jan 14, 1997
|Digital Equipment Corporation
|Graphical user interface for video teleconferencing
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 19, 1998
|Nov 21, 2000
|International Business Machines Corp.
|Personal conferencing system
|Apr 2, 1998
|Apr 3, 2001
|Lucent Technologies, Inc.
|Ordering message signals for transmission over a telecommunications channel
|Apr 2, 1998
|Nov 6, 2001
|Hyundai Electronics Industries Co., Ltd.
|Method for determining traffic priority order on network
|Sep 14, 1998
|Sep 17, 2002
|Siemens Information And Communication Networks, Inc.
|Video conferencing with adaptive client-controlled resource utilization
|Jun 23, 1998
|Jun 24, 2003
|Intel Corporation
|Recognizing audio and video streams over PPP links in the absence of an announcement protocol
|Sep 23, 1999
|Jul 22, 2003
|Rocket Network, Inc.
|System and method for enabling multimedia production collaboration over a network
|Nov 14, 2002
|Apr 6, 2004
|Apple Computer, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for media data transmission
|Jun 19, 2000
|May 18, 2004
|Btg International Inc.
|Method and apparatus for multiple media digital communication system
|Mar 26, 2001
|Jun 7, 2005
|Microsoft Corporation
|Methods, systems and media players for rendering different media types
|Dec 19, 2000
|Sep 20, 2005
|Method of facilitating the playback of speech signals transmitted at the beginning of a telephone call established over a packet exchange network, and hardware for implementing the method
|Jun 29, 2001
|Dec 27, 2005
|Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corp.
|Methods and systems for converged service creation and execution environment applications
|Apr 7, 2000
|Apr 25, 2006
|Lucent Technologies Inc.
|Method and apparatus for dynamic allocation of conferencing resources in a telecommunications system
|Jun 22, 2004
|May 23, 2006
|Btg International Inc.
|Apparatus for multiple media digital communication
|Jun 12, 2001
|Jun 6, 2006
|Tellabs Bedford, Inc.
|Optical communication system for transmitting RF signals downstream and bidirectional telephony signals which also include RF control signals upstream
|Apr 12, 2002
|Jun 27, 2006
|Avid Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for archiving and forwarding multimedia production data
|Mar 26, 2001
|Jul 4, 2006
|Microsoft Corporation
|Methods and systems for synchronizing visualizations with audio streams
|Mar 19, 2004
|Jul 11, 2006
|Btg International Inc.
|Methods for multiple media digital communication
|Jun 29, 2001
|Sep 5, 2006
|Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corp.
|Systems for an integrated data network voice-oriented service and non-voice-oriented service converged creation and execution environment
|Aug 7, 2000
|Sep 5, 2006
|Tellabs Bedford, Inc.
|RF return optical transmission
|Feb 22, 2005
|Sep 18, 2007
|Microsoft Corporation
|Methods, systems and media players for rendering different media types
|Feb 22, 2005
|Oct 2, 2007
|Microsoft Corporation
|Methods, system and media players for rendering different media types
|Feb 10, 2004
|Jun 10, 2008
|Vonage Network Inc.
|Method and apparatus for placing a long distance call based on a virtual phone number
|Oct 15, 2003
|Aug 26, 2008
|Vonage Holdings Corp.
|Method and apparatus for enhanced Internet Telephony
|Jun 22, 2004
|Nov 18, 2008
|Vonage Holdings Corp.
|Emergency call completion for VoIP based on location of call originator
|Jun 19, 2002
|Nov 25, 2008
|Microsoft Corporation
|Bandwidth sharing in advanced streaming format
|Oct 18, 2004
|Apr 28, 2009
|Microsoft Corporation
|Methods and systems for synchronizing visualizations with audio streams
|Sep 12, 2002
|May 5, 2009
|Pioneer Corporation
|Communication information bandwidth control apparatus and method
|Jan 24, 2005
|Sep 29, 2009
|Microsoft Corporation
|Methods and systems for synchronizing visualizations with audio streams
|Oct 18, 2004
|Oct 6, 2009
|Microsoft Corporation
|Methods and systems for synchronizing visualizations with audio streams
|Jan 24, 2005
|Nov 17, 2009
|Microsoft Corporation
|Methods and systems for synchronizing visualizations with audio streams
|Feb 9, 2004
|Jan 19, 2010
|Transwitch Corporation
|Methods and apparatus for controlling the flow of multiple signal sources over a single full duplex ethernet link
|Apr 15, 2002
|Feb 23, 2010
|Avid Technology, Inc.
|Methods and system using a local proxy server to process media data for local area users
|May 20, 2008
|Mar 16, 2010
|Vonage Network Llc
|Method and apparatus for placing a long distance call based on a virtual phone number
|Feb 23, 2007
|Apr 6, 2010
|Vonage Network Llc
|Method and system for bidirectional data transfer
|Nov 13, 2002
|May 11, 2010
|Avid Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for transferring large data files over parallel connections
|Jul 31, 2006
|Jun 29, 2010
|Apple Inc.
|Method and apparatus for media data transmission
|Feb 14, 2008
|Apr 12, 2011
|Vonage Network Llc
|Method and apparatus for enhanced internet telephony
|Apr 21, 2003
|May 10, 2011
|Tellabs Bedford, Inc.
|Media access control address translation for a fiber to the home system
|Jun 23, 2010
|Sep 27, 2011
|Apple Inc.
|Method and apparatus for media data transmission
|Jul 10, 2006
|Feb 14, 2012
|Rpx Corporation
|Method and apparatus for multiple media digital communication system
|Sep 12, 2008
|Feb 21, 2012
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|Application layer network traffic prioritization
|Jun 10, 2011
|Jul 3, 2012
|Vonage Network Llc
|Method and apparatus for placing a long distance call based on a virtual phone number
|Sep 8, 2011
|Sep 18, 2012
|Apple Inc.
|Method and apparatus for media data transmission
|Nov 9, 2006
|Nov 6, 2012
|Vonage Network Llc
|Method and system for customized caller identification
|Jun 29, 2009
|Nov 27, 2012
|Vonage Network Llc
|System for effecting a telephone call over a computer network without alphanumeric keypad operation
|Nov 21, 2007
|Jan 8, 2013
|Lenovo (Beijing) Limited
|Method and apparatus of wireless video transceiving based on multi-carrier technique
|Jun 30, 2011
|Mar 12, 2013
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|System for mitigating file virtualization storage import latency
|Sep 30, 2011
|Mar 19, 2013
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|Application layer network traffic prioritization
|Mar 20, 2009
|Apr 9, 2013
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|Aggregated lock management for locking aggregated files in a switched file system
|Apr 2, 2007
|Apr 9, 2013
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|File system management with enhanced searchability
|Dec 20, 2010
|Apr 30, 2013
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|Scalable system for partitioning and accessing metadata over multiple servers
|Oct 26, 2011
|Jun 11, 2013
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|System and method of algorithmically generating a server side transaction identifier
|Nov 11, 2008
|Oct 1, 2013
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|File deduplication using storage tiers
|Jul 9, 2009
|Oct 1, 2013
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|Methods for handling a multi-protocol content name and systems thereof
|Nov 27, 2012
|Nov 19, 2013
|Vonage Network Llc
|System for effecting a telephone call over a computer network without alphanumeric keypad operation
|Oct 22, 2012
|Mar 25, 2014
|Vonage Network Llc
|Method and system for customized caller identification
|May 23, 2008
|Mar 25, 2014
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|Remote file virtualization in a switched file system
|Mar 16, 2005
|Mar 25, 2014
|Vonage Network Llc
|Third party call control application program interface
|Aug 31, 2009
|May 20, 2014
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Packet switch and switching method for switching variable length packets
|Nov 20, 2009
|Aug 12, 2014
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|Method for optimizing remote file saves in a failsafe way
|May 16, 2012
|Nov 4, 2014
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|Method for load balancing of requests' processing of diameter servers
|Feb 13, 2007
|Dec 23, 2014
|Vonage Network Llc
|Method and system for multi-modal communications
|Feb 20, 2012
|Apr 28, 2015
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|Methods for accessing data in a compressed file system and devices thereof
|Jan 25, 2013
|Sep 22, 2015
|F5 Networks, Inc.
|Application layer network traffic prioritization
|Dec 19, 2000
|Jun 28, 2001
|Luc Attimont
|Method of facilitating the playback of speech signals transmitted at the beginning of a telephone call established over a packet exchange network, and hardware for implementing the method
|Jun 12, 2001
|Feb 7, 2002
|Buabbud George H.
|Optical communication system for transmitting RF signals downstream and bidirectional telephony signals which also include RF control signals upstream
|Mar 19, 2004
|Nov 4, 2004
|Andreas Richter
|Method and apparatus for multiple media digital communication system
|Jun 22, 2004
|Nov 18, 2004
|Andreas Richter
|Method and apparatus for multiple media digital communication system
|Sep 2, 2004
|Feb 3, 2005
|Luciano Joseph W.
|Photoprinter control of peripheral devices
|Apr 7, 2004
|Jun 23, 2005
|Hung-Jen Huang
|[circuit and method of decompressing image]
|Jan 24, 2005
|Jun 23, 2005
|Microsoft Corporation
|Methods and systems for synchronizing visualizations with audio streams
|Feb 9, 2004
|Aug 11, 2005
|Shanley Timothy M.
|Methods and apparatus for controlling the flow of multiple signal sources over a single full duplex ethernet link
|Jan 24, 2005
|Aug 25, 2005
|Microsoft Corporation
|Methods and systems for synchronizing visualizations with audio streams
|Apr 16, 2004
|Oct 20, 2005
|Pinnacle Systems, Inc.
|Systems and Methods for providing a proxy for a shared file system
|Jun 5, 2006
|Oct 26, 2006
|Tellabs Bedford, Inc.
|An Optical Communication System for Transmitting RF Signals Downstream and Bidirectional Telephony Signals Which Also Include RF Control Signals Upstream
|Jul 31, 2006
|Mar 22, 2007
|Anne Jones
|Method and apparatus for media data transmission
|Nov 21, 2007
|May 29, 2008
|Jun Ren
|Method and apparatus of wireless video transceiving based on multi-carrier technique
|Aug 31, 2009
|Dec 31, 2009
|Takeshi Aimoto
|Packet switch and switching method for switching variable length packets
|Dec 7, 2001
|Jun 7, 2011
|Apple Inc.
|System for terminating multicast channel and data broadcast when at least two second endpoints do not transmit positive acknowledgement message to first endpoint
|Sep 15, 2008
|Jun 18, 2013
|Apple Inc.
|System for terminating multicast channel and data broadcast when at least two second endpoints do not transmit positive acknowledgement message to first endpoint
|May 28, 2004
|Jul 23, 2013
|Apple Inc.
|System for terminating multicast channel and data broadcast when at least two second endpoints do not transmit positive acknowledgement message to first endpoint
|May 28, 2004
|Aug 13, 2013
|Apple Inc.
|System for terminating multicast channel and data broadcast when at least two second endpoints do not transmit positive acknowledgment message to first endpoint
|Dec 14, 2000
|Jul 4, 2001
|Alcatel Alsthom Compagnie Generale D'electricite
|Method and apparatus for restoring speech signals transmitted at the beginning of a telephonic communication with packet-switching
|Apr 2, 2001
|Oct 17, 2001
|Lucent Technologies Inc.
|Method and apparatus for providing telephony services switch-based processing of media streams
|Apr 2, 2001
|Apr 13, 2005
|Lucent Technologies Inc.
|Method and apparatus for providing telephony services switch-based processing of media streams
|Sep 16, 2001
|Mar 15, 2006
|Nice Systems Ltd.
|Communication management system for recording at least a portion of a communication session
|Oct 17, 2001
|May 10, 2002
|Eyeball Networks Inc
|Method and apparatus for improving interactive animation over a computer network
|Nov 1, 2001
|May 30, 2002
|Lps Associates Llc
|Multimedia internet meeting interface phone
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|May 6, 2003
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|May 9, 2003
|May 4, 2007
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Nov 8, 2010
Owner name: INTELLIGENCE-AT-LARGE, INC., PENNSYLVANIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BTG INTERNATIONAL INC.;REEL/FRAME:025319/0925
Effective date: 20101108
Owner name: INTELLIGENCE-AT-LARGE, INC., PENNSYLVANIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MICRON TECHNOLOGY, INC.;REEL/FRAME:025329/0132
Effective date: 20100927
|May 4, 2011
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12
|May 19, 2011
Owner name: MICRON TECHNOLOGY, INC., IDAHO
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:INTELLIGENCE-AT-LARGE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:026308/0622
Effective date: 19970708
Owner name: INTELLIGENCE AT LARGE, INC., PENNSYLVANIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:RICHTER, ANDREAS;REED, OGDEN CARTWRIGHT, JR.;REEL/FRAME:026307/0941
Effective date: 19930730
|Jun 6, 2011
Owner name: RPX CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:INTELLIGENCE AT LARGE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:026393/0295
Effective date: 20110531


text:
A Guy At Sporting Events selling beer, cotton candy, and other arena food, That Wear's a Dick Shaped Hat.
dodane przez Dick Mac czerwiec 24, 2012
What die-hard fans of Philip K. Dick calls themselves.
That guy read all 44 novels by Philip K. Dick, what a dick-head.
dodane przez tiekdle październik 16, 2011
a person who really thinks that his or her feelings are the truth - a kind of emotional receipt...
i'm afraid of you - therefore: you are dangerous
response: you are such a dickhead
i'm afraid of you - therefore: you are dangerous
response: you are such a dickhead
dodane przez emobellaintwilight styczeń 23, 2011
Dickhead is someone whose regular, upper head on his shoulders is dumber than his dick's head, so his real, functional head is actually his dick's head, therefore he is a dickhead.
- Oh, man, he said some birds go to south because they are restless.
- What a dickhead!
- What a dickhead!
dodane przez Kea Van Embs kwiecień 07, 2010
a dick head is a person that has a dick/penis insted of at head. these kind of people are very rare but can be found in public strip clubs under the stage
young man says: i'm going to the strip club. his girlfriend replys: you sick dick head
dodane przez youngmen marzec 28, 2010
Rafael Benitez, the Liverpool FC manager
After that abismal draw with Luton, that Dickhead Rafael Benitez has gotta go!
dodane przez Berty bastard styczeń 11, 2008
A term used by people who are jealous at how smart, good looking, and more witty the "dickhead" is than them
Zachary is a dickhead
Zachary is a genius*
Zachary is a genius*
dodane przez Shhdnxh kwiecień 22, 2015

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The group begins a new book:Bernard Glassman and Rick Fields's Instructions to the Cook: A Zen Master's Lessons in Living a Life That Matters.
Everyone is welcome to join.
Cost: By donation (suggested $5 donation or bring refreshments to the meeting).
Location: Woman's Club.
I decided to start Reno Motorcycle Riders Group because I wanted to be part of a group of people who enjoyed my passion... I was excited and nervous. Our group has grown by leaps and bounds. I never thought it would be this big.
— Henry, started Reno Motorcycle Riders
Meetup members, Log in
By clicking "Sign up" or "Sign up using Facebook", you confirm that you accept our Terms of Service & Privacy Policy


text:
Bribery & Corruption in the Military. A Front-Line View (Part II)
Bribery & Corruption in the Military. A Front-Line View (Part I)
Legal Minute: Cybersecurity Reporting Requirements for Government Contractors
Who Can Sue the U.S. Government for Injuries? A Legal Primer
The U.S. Department of State imposed sanctions on September 2, 2015, against 23 companies around the world for involvement in the transfer or purchase to or from Iran, North Korea or Syria of goods, services or technology...more
University of Southampton engineers recently launched a 3D-printed unmanned aerial vehicle from a Royal Navy warship to show the potential use of lightweight drones during sea missions....more
We have been watching the growth of drones in the sky and the FAA and states' attempts to regulate them. Now we will start watching the growth of underwater drones. The USS North Dakota submarine sailed into Groton,...more
In Tug Hill Construction Inc., the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals ("Board") recognized the limits of the implied duty of good faith and fair dealing. In this case, the government entered into a firm, fixed-price...more
The July 2015 edition of Employment Flash covers a number of developments, including: the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling that job applicants need only show that a religious accommodation was a factor in denying employment to...more
On May 29, the OCC entered into a consent order with a national bank to resolve allegations that it (i) violated the SCRA; (ii) engaged in unsafe and unsound practices in its efforts to comply with the SCRA; and (iii) engaged...more
DoD, GSA, and NASA Issue Proposed Rule to Amend FAR: Contractors Performing Private Security Functions -
The Department of Defense (DoD), General Services Administration (GSA), and...more
On May 15, a San Diego-based storage company entered into a consent order with the DOJ to settle claims that the company's practice of auctioning off active duty servicemembers' stored belongings violated the Servicemembers...more
The CFPB has announced the launch of its Financial Coaching Initiative which targetsrecently-transitioned veterans and economically vulnerable consumers. (The CFPB first announced its plans for launching the program in 2013,...more
Marenalley Constr., LLC v. Zurich American Ins. Co. and Nason Constr. Inc., 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 30968 (E.D. Pa. March 13, 2015) -
This payment dispute case arises out of a Veterans Affairs ("VA") construction project...more
The Department of Labor's Veterans' Employment and Training Service (VETS) has issued its Final Rule revising its regulations implementing reporting requirements under the Vietnam-Era Veterans Readjustment Assistance Act of...more
Last week, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) filed a consent order with Fort Knox National Co. and its subsidiary Military Assistance Co. (MAC), alleging that the companies duped U.S. military service members...more
DoD Published Competition Report for 2nd Quarter of FY 2015 -
The Department of Defense (DoD) issued the Competition Report for the 2nd quarter for fiscal year 2015. The report identifies...more
On April 21, 2015, the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) announced that it had updated the Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act (VEVRAA) Benchmark Database on its website. The VEVRAA...more
Reed Smith attended last Friday's General Services Administration's (GSA) public meeting on the proposed Transactional Data Reporting rule. GSA's proposed rule would eliminate the Price Reduction Clause (PRC) in favor of...more
On April 2, the United States, along with the U.K., France, Germany, Russia, China, and the EU (the "P5+1"), agreed with Iran on a Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action ("JCPOA"). The JCPOA is a preliminary framework to reduce...more
The CFPB has announced the settlement of an enforcement action against a California-based mortgage lender for alleged deceptive advertising practices, including the use of advertisements that the CFPB claimed falsely led...more
DoD Issues Notice to Publish an Updated List of Product Categories for Which Federal Prison Industries Have a Significant Market Share -
The Department of Defense (DoD) issued a Notice...more
GSA Issues Notice of Public Meeting and Request for Comment on Proposed Rule to Amend GSAR Transactional Data Reporting -
The General Services Administration (GSA) issued a notice of...more
The United States has a responsibility, or so the State Department tells us, to ensure the sales and exports of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are consistent with U.S. national security interests, U.S. policy, and even U.S....more
An architectural firm contracted to provide architectural, engineering and design services for a state veterans home for a "not to exceed fee" of $61,500, which was calculated as a percentage of overall expected construction...more
On November 25, 2014 the Minister of National Defence, the Honourable Rob Nicholson, P.C., Q.C., announced a new Government of Canada program which will provide financial support to employers of Canadian Armed Forces...more
In the Appeal of Vertex Construction & Engineering, ASBCA No. 58988, decided last month, the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals ("ASBCA") exercised a "harsh" remedy in declaring Appellant's contract void ab initio...more
The U.S. Department of Veteran Affair's ("VA") Center for Veterans Enterprise ("CVE") has a tough and sometimes thankless job. Its role is to serve as a "gatekeeper" for VA contracting programs for service-disabled,...more
The SEC is clearly bringing more cases as administrative proceedings. To be sure, many of its "broken windows" actions are brought in that forum. At the same time, it is brining other cases which are traditionally brought as...more
Find a Military Author »
Your first step to building a free, personalized, morning email brief covering pertinent authors and topics on JD Supra:
Sign up to create your digest using LinkedIn*
Back to Top
Copyright ©


text:
HUTCHINSON - Glenda L. Ensz, 85, went to be with her Lord on July 12 at Hutchinson Regional Medical Center. Born March 3, 1927 on the family farm near Inman, she was the daughter of Henry E. and Mabel A. (Ball) Hassman. On April 18, 1948 she married Harold D. Ensz in Hutchinson. He went to be with his Lord on March 3, 1998. She retired from Hubco after 11 years of service. Glenda loved to sew and make things for others. She also enjoyed cooking, camping and bird watching, especially for cardinals. She was a big fan of KU and ...
If it weren't for the new St. Rose Ambulatory & Surgery Center service, Bill Maneth most likely would have had to hire someone to drive him to the University of Kansas Cancer Center. But thanks to new technology, Maneth was able to consult with a KU physician in real time at St. Rose.
HOISINGTON - "Trike Nite," sponsored by New Life Baptist Church, 364 W. 12th Street, Hoisington will be held from 7-8:30 p.m., Tuesday, July 17. This is the second annual event held for young local children, ages 2 years through younger elementary.
FORT LEAVENWORTH - When the lives of service men and women are on the line in a combat zone overseas, sometimes the closest thing they will see to a paramedic is a fellow soldier. That's why Barton Community College provides emergency medical skills to soldiers through Combat Lifesaver (CLS) training.
The next Class of 1957 55th Reunion Planning meeting will be held at 7 p.m. Wednesday, July 18, at the Best Western Courtyard, 2029 10th St. Organizer Dana (Orr) Foss said the reunion is rapidly approaching and class members are welcome to be a part of the planning and the fun.
WASHINGTON, D.C. – U.S. Senator Pat Roberts' office is currently accepting applications for students interested in an internship on Capitol Hill for the upcoming fall semester.
Prospective pilots from the area will have a chance to learn the fundamentals of flying as Barton Community College will be offering Private Pilot Ground School classes from 6-8 p.m. on Tuesdays and Thursdays, Aug. 14 through Dec. 6.
ABILENE - ALCO Stores Inc. announced that sales from continuing operations, excluding fuel, decreased 2.9 percent to $46.8 million for the fiscal five-week period ended July 1, compared to $48.1 million during the same period of the prior year. On a same-store basis, excluding fuel, sales decreased 5.9 percent from a year earlier.
Sunflower Electric Power Corporation announced that Sharon Leeds has joined the company as a Gas Generation Administrative Assistant. Leeds joined Sunflower on June 25. She will provide administrative and clerical support to the production supervisor, professionals, and staff at the station.
Four people were injured Thursday after an injury accident on Interstate 70, 1 mile east of the K-232 Junction in Ellsworth County. Kansas Highway Patrol reports a Ford Focus carrying four people from New Orleans, La., was westbound in a construction zone at 9:25 p.m. when it ran out of gas. While the car was still rolling, the driver, 23-year-old Pokharel Rabin, tried to make a U-turn in an attempt to make it to a gas station he had just passed.
Children are invited to explore and experience God's underwater universe at a Vacation Bible School to be offered July 16-20 at First Congregational United Church of Christ, 3400 21st St. All children ages 4-12 year are invited to dive into fun at "Operation Overboard: Dare to Go Deep with God," sponsors said. It will meet from 9:30 a.m. to noon Monday through Friday, July 16-20, at the church in Great Bend.
What's a group of ladies supposed to do when they need to raise a large sum of money in a hurry? Why, put on a zany benefit revue, of course!
I have been watching the Bottoms early in the morning and late in the afternoon. The mid-day heat is oppressive, and most critters and birds try to avoid that uncomfortable part of the day by resting in the shade. The rain last Monday was a very welcome relief.
WASHINGTON (AP) - Blake Griffin has officially withdrawn from the Olympics and Anthony Davis has been added to the U.S. basketball team's roster.
Page 1513 of 2412
Barton Community College lead paramedic instructor Dean A. Dexter was recently recognized by the Board of Directors of the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians ...
Since Larry Schumacher will attend advanced training early in October, he will be equipped with even more knowledge to help those who have lost loved ...
Hays Medical Center specialists serving central Kansans have moved into their new home–away-from-home at St. Rose Health Center. The HaysMed Specialty Clinic at St ...
The new technology sales and service representative at Office Products Inc. (OPI) is available to help home-computer owners through the maze of getting the machine ...
Great Bend Fire/EMS
KANSAS CITY- The first order of business for general manager Dayton Moore's 2015 Royals has been accomplished: With a 10-4 victory over the Mariners ...
FORT LARNED - The Fort Larned National Historic Site's 2015 Candlelight Tour will tell the story of the dangers of serving on the plains of ...
To the one thirteenth of all Americans who watched the latest GOP debate, congratulations on surviving the political equivalent of the 24 hours of Le ...
Is the current refugee crisis gripping the European Union "all America's fault"? That is how my critique of U.S. foreign policy was characterized ...
Ira "Steve" Stephens 1948 - 2015
Page 16 of 16
Local News
Area Briefs
On the Record
Oil & Gas
News Tips
Archived Articles
Local Sports
Prep Sports
Community College
Pawnee County News
Pawnee County
Pawnee County Briefs
Letter to the Editor
Send Letter to the Editor
Editorial Cartoons
eTribune Subscriptions
Delivery Issue
Change Address
Vacation Stop/Start
Staff Directory
Place Announcements
Barton Community College
Local Life
Club News
Menus and Activities
Photo Galleries
Employment Opportunities
Contact Us


text:
Windbreakers - MensSave on Men's Windbreakers at Proboardshop.com! Great selection of street gear at unbelievably low prices. Proboardshop has been selling Windbreakers and outdoor gear for over 30 years and we're proud of it.
Please refine here More in the Outlet Shop.
- Color: Orange
- Price: < 50.00
Electric Beggar JacketReg: $55.00 On Sale: $30.95
Size: Medium, Large, X-Large
The North Face Altimont Hoodie JacketReg: $60.00 On Sale: $47.95
Size: Small, Medium, Large, X-Large


text:
View jewish Singles in New Lots
By clicking continue, I agree to receive transactional and promotional emails from Match.com. I understand that I am free to withdraw consent at any time.
By using our site, you agree to the Match.com Terms of Use.
Build your empire of love in the Empire State. We have thousands of online personal ads in the state of New York. Match.com is the Worlds Largest Online Dating, Relationships, Singles and Personals Service in New York. Search Match.com for New Lots, New York singles today. Tired of being single? Create a free, New Lots singles ad and start dating available singles right now.
Addisleigh Park, Adelphi, Brevoort, Briarwood, Brownsville, Bushwick, Canarsie, Central Station, East New York, Elmhurst, Flatbush, Forest Hills, Glendale, Howard Beach, Jamaica, Jamaica Estates, John F Kennedy Airport, Kew Garden Hills, Kew Gardens, Kew Gardens Hills, Laferts, Maspeth, Metropolitan, Middle Village, Ozone Park, Pratt, Rego Park, Richmond Hill, Ridgewood, Rochdale Village, Rugby, Ryder, Saint John's Place, South Ozone Park, South Richmond Hill, Station C, Stuyvesant, Williamsburg, Woodhaven, Wyckoff Heights view all states »
Asian , Black , Catholic , Christian , Divorced , Free Online Dating, Gay Singles, Gay Dating, Jewish , Lesbian Singles, Single Parents, view all communities »


text:
The InfiniteWhat kind of word could you use to describeSuch a difficult concept to understandLike the fall of a petal, the set of a sunOr the drop of a curtain on a note from the band?Make it long? ?Make it short? ?Is it easy to spell?When you say it out loud, is it funny or serious?Should it be simple to rhyme and pronounce?Have it easy to grasp or somewhat mysterious?Though some words may exist that attempt to make senseOf this complex idea too hard to explain,They fall short of their purpose and miss some key pointsThat negate that great image they try to obtain.It can't be an "end", for an end happens twice.And it can't be a "finish", for a finish must start.Though you might say a "close", this thing still might be open,And it can't be a "windup" if it's falling apart.You can't say it's the "cutoff", for it could be intact.And "conclusion" implies that something was learned.No, it can't be a "limit" for it might happen sooner.And a "stop" disregards anything that you've earn
There Was a Hole HereThere was a hole herePacked with my hopes and love;It's everything I hold dearAnd all that I'm made ofThere was a hole hereWhere my broken heart once wasAnd everything I've told hereHas blown away like the dust doesThere was a hole hereAnd I believe I'm over the hurtEverything now is so clearMy heartache, as old as the earthThere was a hole hereBut now it's filled upAnd all of my old fearAre the new dreams I'm built of.
For what?For what do we really live for?Every person's life is unique in his or her own different way,But why do we live these lives?Our lives...The life I did not choose, but chose me.Once non-existent, suddenly blooms a tiny being, a 'new' life that will develop, learn and experience many different things in its time.Lives, each filled with sorrow, guilt, jealousy, confusion, pain, love, hate and all other emotions felt.But for what reason do we battle through this obstacle, these 'emotions' - to just be left abandoned and confused? Then, suddenly time blinks and we become nothing.Every moment,Every tear,Every secret.EVERYTHING!Lost.Everything that went with that life slowly becomes non-existent.Probably the only thing we know that life hold in store for each and every one of us is death.It's sad to think we are really only living our naive little lives to just wither and die.
If I Ran the WorldIf I ran the world,there'd be a chicken in every pot --vegetarians'd be shit out of luck.If I ran the world,there would be less governmental red tape --I'd use duct tape to shut up dissenters.If I ran the world,everyone would be equal under law --they just wouldn't be as equal as me.If I ran the world,nobody would have to pay income tax --because I would own half of everything.If I ran the world,I'd shake babies' hands and kiss voters,and give speeches that go something like this:"Friends, Romans, Countrymen, you're in arrears.Four score and seven years ago, I askednot what I could do for you, but what youcould do for me, and holding this to beself-evident, our forefathers stood here,and made me Ruler of the World. Therefore,throw off the shackles, give me your oppressed,your hungry, your ill-at-ease, your hopeless,your unemployed, your disenfranchised lot,and within four score and seven minutes,under my rule, they'll come to rememberevery lousy, miserable thi
Break StuffSometimesI just want to break stufflike Limp BizkitBut then I stop myselfBecause Limp Bizkit sucks


text:
(CANOGA PARK, CA) -- After shocking the mainstream and shattering sales records with their #1 smash hit Whos Nailin Paylin?, Hustler Video decided they werent quite done with the Alaska governor; not by a long shot. The leader in porn parodies has just wrapped production on Palins next adventure in Hollywoods Nailin Palin!
Three days of intense shooting came to an end as Lisa Ann reprised her infamous role as the freshly defeated Vice Presidential candidate Sarah Palin. Hustlers parody department sets the scene as Sarah Palin, having survived political failure, attempts to conquer her next toughest gig, Hollywood. This hilarious, celebrity-rich spoof follows Sarah as she auditions for a feature film, her own talk show and the reality show Americas Next Top Governor. Were also treated to an inside look at the popular Alaskan crime drama CSI: Wasilla and, yes, a few other sexy surprises as well.
Directed by the award-winning Axel Braun, Hollywoods Nailin Palin will feature five hardcore scenes, including a hot-and-luscious interracial scene between Lisa Ann and chocolate heartthrob Sean Michaels.
''We wanted to take Sarah to the next level,'' says Drew Rosenfeld, Creative Director at Hustler Video. ''What could be better than watching her fuck her way from the top of Hollywood to the bottom?'' Filled with a smoking-hot cast having wild sex, fun sets and a hilarious script, Hollywoods Nailin Palin is sure to be a smash hit!
Get ready for hot and sexy MILF Lisa Ann to reprise the role that skyrocketed her to the top of her game! Hollywoods Nailin Palin is scheduled for release this fall!
For everything Hustler, visit www.HustlerVideo.com and www.HustlerWorld.com.
For Hustler sales inquiries, contact David Diamond at email@example.com or call 800.421.2386.
For Hustler press inquiries, contact Kristin Spillers at firstname.lastname@example.com or call 818.812.9519 x204.
Carin Misterly
Sales & Marketing
Direct: 818-812-9519 x206
Sales: 800-421-2386
Aim: CarinMisterly
Hustler Video Group
20932 Osborne St.
Canoga Park, CA. 91304
1st AFFLV Hits Cashman
Richelle Ryan Naked Yoga
Morgan, Lindemulder Headline Exxxotica
A French Documentary Like No Other
Night at the Erotic Museum
Hill and Howard Raw
Taboo is Delicious
Night, Rai, Moore, on Inside
Candida Royalle Passes
Cindy Starfall Appearances
Priya in NYC
More w/Mo Celebrates 100
Angel, Albrite AVN Awards Hosts
The Upward Trending Trannie
Elizabeth Bentley Hits Circuit
Tony Batman to Big Easy
Cleopatra Dead
Introducing Bitcoin Porn Sites
Candidate Sex Tape Scandal
Donald Trump Porn Parody
Savana Styles Available
Sex with Donald Trump
Ashley Sinclair Sex Tape
Mercedes Carrera NightMoves Nom
Allie Haze in Columbus
Vivid NYC Nommed
Maryjean on Ink Master
ChargeSavvy at ED Show
Rock'N'SeXXXyu Radio This Thurs
NightMoves Calls for Sponsors
Lex's Tattooed Vixens 2
Lesbian Training Day 4
Poll: Caitlyn Jenner Do Porn
Raven Bay's Big Tits
Casey Calvert's IR Gangbang
5X Raven Bay
Shade X from Smash
Amateur Allure New Lines
Karmen Karma Top Shelf
The Interview XXX
XXX Casting Call
Deep Vision ThunderRama
Hackin Jack vs Chainsaw Chick
AINews: Skow Among Best
More Phoenix Mainstream
Red Cardinal Wraps Betrothed
Summer Lovers
Yoga for Lovers
Layla Price Stars
Maddy O'Reilly is Slutwoman
Powersville Re-Energized
XRCO Awards Nominations
Summer Brielle Elegant Angel
Damsels in Distress Released
Damsels in Distress Live
Madison Christmas Spectaculars
TSA Explosives Test on Ryder
Bailey Blue is The Animal
LFC/WalMart Deal
Free Vegas Weddings
Wedding Night Porn
Sunny Lane in Feature Movie
Capri Cavanni Releases
Ryder Completes Grease XXX
Love Boat XXX Song
Capri Cavanni in Love Boat XXX
Love Boat XXX Trailer
Love Boat XXX Parody
CineKink in Chicago
Screening - Risky Business
Hollywood Undead Video
A&E Announces Grease XXX Cast
New Alexis Golden DVD
Adult Film Industry Documentary Screening
Britney Amber NightMoves Nom
Dana Vespoli NightMoves Noms
Film News Section Index


text:
Trevor Hearing
User Stats
Profile Images
User Bio
Trevor Hearing worked in television for 20 years as a television cameraman, researcher, film researcher, producer, director, writer and executive producer, making programmes for ITV, BBC and Channel Four. He made programmes across a wide range of genres from Harry Secombe's Highway to ITV's true-crime drama series Crimestory. For the past 14 years he has developed his career as a lecturer in higher education as Head of Television, Video and New Media Production at the University of Sunderland and more recently at Bournemouth University Media School. His research interests focus on the use of the documentary form as a means of academic research and dissemination. He is currently undertaking a practice-based PhD, making a performative, investigative documentary as a model of academic reflective practice.
Related RSS Feeds
Recently Uploaded+ See all 11 videos
Recent Activity
DeBeer Cloete followed Trevor Hearing
Charles Coleman followed Trevor Hearing


text:
| Fantasy Sports Board
| Is CJ Anderson a bust? - EWE TIGER on 9/21/15 at 6:44 pm
Or a good buy low candidate? With L Bell coming back, J Randle will be moving to my bench. I was thinking of offering him to the Anderson owner, as he's looking to move Anderson. Randle may do better with Romo and Dez out, but I don't like the committee approach in Dallas. 12 team league, 1 pt ppr. ...View Topic - Replies (6)
| Fantasy Sports Board
| Thoughts on an 8 team league - EWE TIGER on 8/27/15 at 11:24 pm
So, a buddy asked me to join a "big money" 8 team league. My first thought was no way, but then I started breaking it down. Cons: 1) It's an 8 team league. I like 12 plus teams. My FFB strength is drafting, not managing, so the more teams the better. 2) I don't like playing in more than 2 leagu...View Topic - Replies (3)
| Food and Drink
| Improved air flow on green egg - EWE TIGER on 8/8/15 at 5:44 pm
I was getting the egg cleaned up for an all day cook tomorrow and decided to snap a pic of a small modification I made, and share with the board. I cut out a piece of expanded metal that sits just above the grate and vent holes in the fire box. This keeps the coals from clogging up the vent holes. I...View Topic - Replies (7)
| Food and Drink
| It was a good day (lots of pics) - EWE TIGER on 7/12/15 at 9:17 pm
Chicken wings for lunch. Ribs, corn, and stuffed onion for dinner. The wife cut up the wings. I dried them off and put them in the fridge to dry out the skin. [img][URL=http://s284.photobucket.com/user/EWETIGER/media/20150712_124642_zpsgbbdtryr.jpg.html][IMG]http://i284.photobucket.com/albums...View Topic - Replies (5)
| Food and Drink
| Hit the jackpot at Rouses today, going to be a good weekend (updated w/ pics) - EWE TIGER on 7/3/15 at 12:44 pm
So, inspired by bossfloss's whole fish thread that was bumped earlier this week, I headed to Rouses this morning to pick up a whole snapper. They had a 3-1/2 pounder and an 8 pounder. I picked the smaller one. The fish will be going on the bge tonight using bossfloss's recipe. It's my first time coo...View Topic - Replies (2)
| Food and Drink
| The reverse reverse sear (and other steak cooking methods) - EWE TIGER on 6/20/15 at 5:40 pm
The TRex method. http://www.nakedwhiz.com/trexsteak.htm Basically the opposite of the reverse sear, except you let the meat rest between searing and cooking. Sear 60-90 seconds, rest for 20 minutes, cook at 400 to desired doneness, rest for 5 minutes, eat. Reasoning for the rest between searin...View Topic - Replies (2)
| Food and Drink
| Looking for pork grillade recipe - down the bayou - EWE TIGER on 4/30/15 at 6:07 pm
Not the type of grillades smothered in a red gravy and served over grits. I'm talking about the ones from down the bayou - thin sliced pork, grilled and dipped in a thin, I'm guessing Worcester based, sauce. ...View Topic - Replies (2)
| Food and Drink
| Where to buy prime ribeyes in lake Charles - EWE TIGER on 12/27/14 at 8:46 am
In town for the holidays and in the mood to grill up some good steaks. Where can I find the good stuff? ...View Topic - Replies (5)
| O-T Lounge
| DSLR camera and lense buying advice - EWE TIGER on 12/12/14 at 8:07 am
My wife wants a dlsr camera for Christmas, primarily for taking pics of our one year old. Pretty easy for me to justify the cost since we've spent about $1k in the last year having pictures taken. I don't know much about cameras other than the research I've done the last couple weeks . She has zero ...
Posted on O-T LoungeView Topic - Replies (27)
| Fantasy Sports Board
| Starting 2 RBs playing against each other IRL - EWE TIGER on 12/10/14 at 8:42 pm
It seems like when you start 2 RBs playing against each other, one usually does well and the other not so much. What's your experience starting RBs that are playing each other?...View Topic - Replies (3)
| Tiger Rant
| LAH parking lot - EWE TIGER on 9/17/14 at 9:14 pm
A friend was given a parking pass in the LAH (LA House) lot, and doesn't know where it is. I looked on the map and didn't see it. Can someone tell me where this lot is? Thanks....
Posted on Tiger RantView Topic - Replies (1)
| Outdoor Board
| Water heater leaking - need advice - EWE TIGER on 9/6/14 at 8:06 am
So I woke up this morning to a little water on the floor around my water heater. I'm not the original owner, but it doesn't look that old. It's a gas unit made by ruud. It looks like the water is trickling out of a vent near the bottom of the unit. Their is a sticker on the vent that says air inlet...View Topic - Replies (5)
| Fantasy Sports Board
| Players to target for return yard points? - EWE TIGER on 8/17/14 at 4:17 pm
1 point per 10 return yards (punt and kickoff). I know that this can make a below average rb or wr an every week starter, and can make average players studs. I haven't been in a league with return yards for a couple years, so haven't kept up with they key players. I'm guessing guys like Cobb or A...View Topic - Replies (5)
| Food and Drink
| Is 145-150 internal temp ok for ground meat - EWE TIGER on 8/2/14 at 3:22 pm
I'm smoking a meatloaf (for the first time) on the egg for dinner. The recipe I'm using says to cook it to 155-160 IT, then let rest for 10 minutes. Alton Brown has a smoked meatloaf recipe and he says to pull it at 140 IT, and rest for 30 minutes. I assume it would get to 145-150 during the rest pe...View Topic - Replies (4)
| Outdoor Board
| Need help with electric outlet problem - EWE TIGER on 5/28/14 at 7:07 pm
So I have 4 outlets in my kitchen that aren't working. First one is GFI, 2 regular, and one connected to a light switch. I replaced the GFI outlet. Wire coming into GFI outlet is showing 120 volts on multi meter. Checked continuity on all outlets and no shorts. Breaker is showing 120 volts on multi...View Topic - Replies (6)
| Food and Drink
| Smoked beef ribs cook time - EWE TIGER on 5/18/14 at 1:27 pm
I picked up a nice 1/2 rack of beef ribs this morning. I've never cooked them before, and I can only remember eating them once before. I rubbed them with some olive oil and sprinkled on some montreal steak seasoning, and they went on the egg at 250 degrees at 1pm. I figured I'd start basting them wi...View Topic - Replies (3)
| O-T Lounge
| Luggage suggestions for a college freshman - EWE TIGER on 4/23/14 at 9:56 pm
Looking for a high school graduation gift. I'm leaning towards a large rolling duffel bag as opposed to standard luggage. Am I on the right path? Suggestions?...
Posted on O-T LoungeView Topic - Replies (19)
| Outdoor Board
| Bathroom remodel help - EWE TIGER on 4/4/14 at 12:29 pm
I know it's not really an outdoor topic, but I figured I'd get the best response on this board. Does anyone on here have experience attaching a mirror to a wall with an adhesive, and not using any type of supports/screws/etc? I read about a product called mirror mastic, but can't find very much inf...View Topic - Replies (7)
| Pelicans Talk
| Parking lot 3 - EWE TIGER on 11/20/13 at 4:52 pm
Could someone tell me the best/easiest way to get to lot 3 coming from the west on I 10? Thanks...
Posted on Pelicans TalkView Topic - Replies (1)
| Food and Drink
| Help with beets - EWE TIGER on 9/16/13 at 6:40 pm
I'm a fairly adventurous eater, but had never tried beets, something about the look and texture of canned beets that didn't appeal to me. So while eating out a few weeks ago I wanted a main course that came with roasted beets. I tried them and really liked them. I decided to try to cook some this we...View Topic - Replies (3)
Advertising Info
Privacy Policy
Where to Watch LSU
Contact Us
© 2015 TigerDroppings.com. All Rights Reserved


text:
Jonathan Trott has matured from being an angry young man — whose dismissal would be the cue for team-mates to leave the dressing room, thus avoiding the danger of being splintered by a shattering bat — into a valuable sounding board for Alastair Cook.
Although England hold a 2-0 lead, the Ashes series has been frustrating at times on a personal level for Trott, with ducks in the second innings at both Trent Bridge and Lord's. In the first case he was a victim of human error applying Hot Spot with England in a difficult position.
That he says he was able


text:
Normal _Eric JF Kleijssen
_ericjfkleijssen @audr1s justice dept (now in use by parliament) 3y
audr1s Sad I didn't see this when I was there. Probably I did but did not know what it was. 3y
» LOGIN to Instagram to like or post comment on this post!
Facebook comment.
More posts from this user


text:
Disappointed Penguin!
Last seen in this roundup of disappointed animals, Disappointed Penguin is pretty damn disappointed about stuff. Think of something disappointing, and use the photo editor to make it even sadder.
Preview Your Response
In The News Today
- Doctors Without Borders is demanding a war crimes investigation into the U.S. bombing of its Afghan hospital. ›
- The European Union is now using naval vessels in the Mediterranean to intercept boats that are smuggling refugees and migrants to Europe. ›
- Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich, and Aziz Sancar have won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for figuring out how cells repair DNA. ›


text:
Apple Chutney
Source: dLife
Chunky apple and cranberry chutney with a hint of spice.
1 tbsp vegetable oil
2 cup fresh chopped onion
1 each whole cloves
0 1/4 tsp ground cinnamon
0 1/4 tsp ground cumin
0.125 tsp cardamom, ground
0.125 tsp ground turmeric
0.125 tsp ground red pepper (cayenne)
5 cup chopped apples
0 1/2 cup fresh cranberries
0 1/2 cup packed brown sugar
0 1/4 cup cider vinegar
1 tsp fresh ginger root
ads keep dLife free
dLife Weekly Poll
Do you have all the doctors you need on your diabetes care team?
Sign in or Join dLife now to help keep track of your favorite recipes and foods.
ads keep dLife free


text:
News and community for San Pedro, California
Views: 164
Join San Pedro News Pilot
Welcome toSan Pedro News Pilot
Sign Upor Sign In
Or sign in with:
San Pedro News Pilot by email - sign up!
Delivered by FeedBurner
The SanPedroNewsPilot.com is the social network and information outlet for San Pedro.
Want to keep up with the news in San Pedro, become a member.
Membership has its privileges!
• Got news you think everyone should know? Blog it.
• Have a show or attending a benefit? Put it on the calendar.
• Got video of the big game? Embed it.
• Photos of the new storefront or the school play? Upload them.
South Shores San Pedro Community Yard Sales
South Shores residents from Paseo del Mar to Cumbre by the Elk's lodge, from Western Ave. to the border of RPV will participate in a community-wide yard sale.…
Neighborhood Councils rule!
Mayor Eric Garcetti
"Our 96 Neighborhood Councils are the civic backbone of this city." - Mayor Eric Garcetti at the 2015 Congress of Neighborhood Councils today.
© 2015 Created by San Pedro News Pilot.
Badges |
Report an Issue |
Terms of Service
Please check your browser settings or contact your system administrator.


text:
05/31/12 – Responsible OneMay 31st, 2012 | by christopher
The quiet understated message in this strip completely tickles me: that if I have 7 pieces of cake, I get insanely silly, abrupt, and fork stabbing in what i think is humor in the moment. There is a bit of that gleam in her eye.
05/23/12 – Seeing Eye DogMay 23rd, 2012 | by christopher
Buy This Artwork!
I did feel a little bad for this strip, so I decided to truly knock myself down for it.
05/22/12 – Face LickingMay 22nd, 2012 | by christopher
It's not that dogs aren't altruistic, but they know a good situation when they see one.
05/21/12 – Fish LoveMay 20th, 2012 | by christopher
This is one of those strips which was a singular inspiration, which hit it's mark and then ran with it. It should be saccharine sweet, but it simply works.
Also, my housemate bought it, and so I got to look at it over the sink for a year or so before I left Olympia. :)
05/19/12 – Clean UpMay 19th, 2012 | by christopher
Buy This Artwork!
I liked giving the Pudu a quiet exit from this scene, and Dee's costume was a fun reveal.
05/12/12 – How To IdentifyMay 12th, 2012 | by christopher
Buy This Artwork!
These were fun costumes to design.
05/07/12 – Ted is DissedMay 7th, 2012 | by christopher
Ted uses the same device I just saw Nick Fury use in the Avengers movie.
05/04/12 – Fair SimulationMay 4th, 2012 | by christopher
As you might guess, I walk a lot. ;-)
05/03/12 – Injured ElbowMay 3rd, 2012 | by christopher
Buy This Artwork!
Vachel's poppa sounds like a bowl of laughs.
05/02/12 – Leaf DanceMay 2nd, 2012 | by christopher
Buy This Artwork!
This was one of the more surreal strips I did during the "Little Dee" run. It still makes me giggle.