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Rated 4.7 out of 5 by 25 reviewers.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Riemie Beautiful Rug I have a lot of orientals and wanted something that would be compatible for in my powder room. The colors are warm and beautifully soft. I am so pleased with it. I also got it on sale which is a boost. I wish they had a 7 foot diameter one for my kitchen. March 11, 2015
Rated 4 out of 5 by seajay Beautiful But Expect 3 Yrs Life Love the rugs. Have planned colors of kitchen around them. However, with 2 large dogs who love to eat their treats on them, a husband who walks in kitchen with work boots on, and constant vacuuming, they start to look worn out I about three years. So I regularly buy replacements when on sale. Have the runner, 2 of the 3' rounds, and 1 of the 5' round. Have had pinwheel hooked rugs in my kitchen for 9 years. June 4, 2014
Rated 3 out of 5 by Weeds4you High price poor quality I purchased this rug about 4years ago--great colors so when this was available again I ordered this one----the quality was not the same!!!! The colors not the same Thought I could trust Garnet Hill March 30, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by Evelyn82 Beautiful rug! Even nicer in person. I recommend looking at the item photo by zoom-in to see the details, you get a better idea of the colors. Very versatile. February 12, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by Irishlady Great Rugs We are very pleased with our new rugs. The colors blend perfectly in our family room. The rugs arrived quickly and without anyproblems. We definitely are happy. August 26, 2012
Rated 5 out of 5 by 1happygardner Just like picture I am a lover of folk art and when I saw this rug I just had to have it!It looks just like the picture and the quality is very good.I purchased the half circle and have it in front of my kitchen sink.It goes beautifully with my early american decor.I don't think you will be disappointed if you like this style. March 9, 2012
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Could someone who has bought this rug describe the colors? Is that a light gray or a robin's egg blue/green?
Age: 45-54
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Kansas, USA
Answer:The colors are variegated. Some sections are light blue with gray streaks; others are light green with gray streaks.
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Age: 55-64
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Answer:The edge of the rug is black. The other colors are gold, brown, taupe, grey-blue, red and and orangy-coral.
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Must Love Dogs (2005)
Critic Consensus: Despite good work from its likable leads, the romantic comedy Must Love Dogs is too predictable.
Must Love Dogs Videos & Photos
Movie Info
A woman finds herself drafted into the battle of finding the perfect man in this romantic comedy. Sarah Nolan (Diane Lane) is a kindergarten teacher in her mid-thirties who is still dealing with the emotional aftermath of her divorce eight months ago. While her sisters, Christine (Ali Hillis) and Carol (Elizabeth Perkins), both think Sarah needs to start dating again, Sarah herself isn't so sure. Carol decides to force the issue by posting Sarah's photo and profile on an Internet dating site, and soon a number of seemingly eligible bachelors are sending her e-mails in hopes of a date. However, nearly every man she meets turns out to be a loser, with the exception of Jake (John Cusack), who is smart, good looking, and even brings along a dog for their walk in the park (though he doesn't tell her the pooch was borrowed for the occasion). However, Sarah also makes the acquaintance of Bob (Dermot Mulroney), the divorced father of one of her students, and she finds herself having to choose between two potentially worthwhile men. Meanwhile, Sarah's widowed father, Bill (Christopher Plummer), decides to give Internet dating a try, and lands himself a new steady in Dolly (Stockard Channing). Must Love Dogs is based on the best-selling novel of the same title by Claire Cook. … More
|PG-13 (for sexual content)
|Drama, Romance, Comedy
|Directed By:
|Gary David Goldberg
|Written By:
|Gary David Goldberg
|In Theaters:
|Jul 29, 2005 Wide
|On DVD:
|Dec 20, 2005
|Box Office:
as Sarah
as Jake
as Carol
as Bill
as Bob
as Dolly
as Christine
as Leo
as Charlie
as June
as Michael
as Sherry
as Eric
as Deli Guy
as Marc
as Jason
as Bill Jr.
as Aunt Eileen
as Stanley
as Austin
as Molly
as Justin
as Jeremy
as Walter
as Marshall
as Lennie
as Mrs. Parseghian
as Mr. Parseghian
as Peter
as Donald
as Vinnie
as Rebecca
as Marcia
as Sonia
as David
as Mai
as Bertha
as Timmy
as Jennifer
as Boat Guy
as Coxswain
as Hostess
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Critic Reviews for Must Love Dogs
All Critics (154) | Top Critics (39) | Fresh (51) | Rotten (95) | DVD (26)
An insult to the viewer's intelligence, which sticks to silly slapstick while failing to get around to making a mature statement about relationships.
If not for the talent and natural charisma of its star, Diane Lane, this would be an entirely worthless enterprise.
I wouldn't call the movie a dog, but I didn't love it either. Our search for the next Great Romantic Comedy, like so many Hollywood singletons' quest for love, continues.
What went wrong? The script is a bit dodgy and the actors seem to be going through the motions.
...the film is ultimately difficult to resist, though it's clear that those who generally dislike this sort of thing will really hate this.
Audience Reviews for Must Love Dogs
Sweet story of true love :) I love John Cusack in this movie!!! :) So cute :) Just a great movie :) :) :) :)
Super Reviewer
Average film, with a few funny scenes. It's been a long time since I've watched this film and I only vaguely remember it. Shows how good it is... The funniest scene was most probably when he tried getting a condom. The only part that really had me laughing. Other than that, nothing brilliant.
Super Reviewer
Average romantic comedy. I originally rated this only two stars, but five years on from first viewing, I am a little older and can relate a bit more to Diane Lane's depressed late 30's divorcee.
Diane is obviously very attractive for her age, and I like John Cusack, but I have to say the main problem here is that they are not at all a convincing couple. She seems a little too conventional for him, and I never really bought them as an item at all.
Any "aah" moments I had were gooing over the beautiful big dog. Probably not a great thing in a romantic film. There are a few laughs here, such as her answering her own father's personal add, and Stockard Channing is fantastic as Dolly, but it's not enough to make this a must see,
Not bad for a weekend rental, but ultimately falls flat.
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John Campbell, 7th Duke of Argyll
1 of 3 portraits of John Campbell, 7th Duke of Argyll
© National Portrait Gallery, London
John Campbell, 7th Duke of Argyll
by James Posselwhite, after Sir William Charles Ross
stipple engraving, (1843)
12 in. x 9 in. (305 mm x 229 mm) plate size; 18 in. x 13 3/4 in. (458 mm x 348 mm) paper size
Purchased with help from the Friends of the National Libraries and the Pilgrim Trust, 1966
Reference Collection
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- John Campbell, 7th Duke of Argyll (1777-1847), Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland, lieutenant-colonel and politician; MP for Argyllshire. Sitter in 3 portraits.
Artistsback to top
- James Posselwhite (1798-1884), Engraver. Artist associated with 44 portraits.
- Sir William Charles Ross (1794-1860), Miniature painter. Artist associated with 97 portraits, Sitter in 1 portrait.
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The Fidelio DS9 wood speaker dock is your gateway to everything you love about music Audiophile-quality drivers and PureDigital components provide unsurpassed sound quality from your Ipod, Iphone or Ipad. This speaker dock comes with SoundCurve for superb crystal-clear sound with precisely tuned bass pipes for deep bass reproduction. In addition, multiple alarms are also included to gently wake you when you're asleep. With the DS9 you can wake up to music, nature sounds or even your own photos. The DS9 let's you dock any Ipod or Iphone, even in its case. What's more, you can share music and more features via the free Fidelio application. Fantastically designed-in natural sustainable wood, fabric and metal-this Philips speaker dock is the ideal accompaniment to your Apple device.
Catalogue Number: 212-9614
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- Charges iPod when Docked
- Line In Socket
- Alarm Clock
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|2008-09-30, 16:21
|Link #101
Awaken Dreamer
Join Date: Sep 2008
Spoiler for some images of SRZ 2:
About NnA, my team (french) manage to translate chapter 9 and 10, thanks to a chinese translator (but no time to translate anymore unfortunately...). So for those who understand french ^^
Last edited by Hunk; 2008-10-01 at 04:02.
|2008-10-02, 12:43
|Link #105
Join Date: Jun 2006
Location: Moe Land
Age: 34
|2008-10-03, 19:57
|Link #106
Junior Member
Join Date: Aug 2008
The way these gag chapters are set up makes it appear to me that KJ was okay with the ending too a series that wasn't suposed to be taken seriously. In all these gags, the main premise of them is Harima acting stupid for Tenma with a misunderstanding thrown in as well. If he wanted to eventually go back to the 'main story' of a post-Tenma School Rumble or at least a different kind of school rumble, he wouldn't be shaping these chapters as extensions of the original premise. It's evident that KJ dabbled in drama and serious romance every once in a while but it was also clear that he felt most comfortable writing comedy (which was smart and funny at times but is just lame in these gags). It's a shame if he continues the series to death on the same note becuase he HAS to know that people don't read School Rumble anymore for the stupid comedy--at this point, all people want is a conclusion.
I think its clear that KJ made up a lot of the storyline as he went along from week to week, given the random resets and the disregardance of certain plot elements whenever he had to make adjustments. At first it developed as harimaxtenma, then as harimaxeri, then as harimaxyakumo, then as harimaxeri again, then as harimaxyakumo, before getting muddled up in stalemate of character development predestined by poor planning. If you really think about it, the way KJ carelessly developed Harima destined him to be alone, he was so deeply in love/obsessed with one person that he could not convincingly (or at least no very convincingly) love another, but the one that he did love, he could not have. At the end, I think KJ decided to just forget about the mess of a story he made and acknowledge his work as one giant comedy--the main premise being a guy chasing a girl who's chasing another guy...and so on...
|2008-10-04, 01:16
|Link #107
Junior Member
Join Date: Sep 2008
After Read SRZ Chapter 2, Ummm ..... It a gag story again. This is real SRZ for KJ?
Maybe SR is end completely. I'm bored to wait every month for a crap story
If the chapter 3,4 like this. I will give up hope for SRZ.
Harima never knew about the girls who in love with him.(It's the worst of him)
If SRZ continues from SR. I hope KJ will developed him
Last edited by chester41; 2008-10-04 at 14:01.
|2008-10-04, 09:11
|Link #111
Senior Member
Join Date: May 2008
Location: KJs nightsmares
Age: 27
Srz so far…
Astronaut Tenma cover…
a few gag mangas…
just what is Srz? Its definitely not what fans are looking for, so its probably just hot gas KJ needs to let out before flushing us down the shitter.
I think I know what Srz is now... but I guess we will have to wait a few more days for the next issue to know for sure
|2008-10-04, 18:36
|Link #114
Join Date: Aug 2007
Location: God only knows
Mh... School Rumble and School Rumble Z .. For me, its like Onegai Teacher and Onegai Twins. Some exactly same characters but completly different story/ies.
Well lets see, what KJ will bring us in the future.
|2008-10-04, 22:28
|Link #116
back in style
Join Date: Jun 2006
Location: in the club
SRZ takes place in alternate universes, and at this stage has NO story
|2008-10-05, 14:26
|Link #119
Senior Member
Join Date: Sep 2008
|Thread Tools


text:
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) refers to a spectrum of diseases with elevated pulmonary artery pressure. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease category that clinically presents with severe PH and that is histopathologically characterized by the occlusion of pulmonary arterioles, medial muscular hypertrophy, and/or intimal fibrosis. PAH occurs with a secondary as well as a primary onset. Secondary PAH is known to be complicated with immunological disorders. The aim of the present study is to histopathologically and genetically characterize a new animal model of PAH and clarify the role of OX40 ligand in the pathogenesis of PAH.
Spontaneous onset of PAH was stably identified in mice with immune abnormality because of overexpression of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family molecule OX40 ligand (OX40L). Histopathological and physical examinations revealed the onset of PAH-like disorders in the C57BL/6 (B6) strain of OX40L transgenic mice (B6.TgL). Comparative analysis performed using different strains of transgenic mice showed that this onset depends on the presence of OX40L in the B6 genetic background. Genetic analyses demonstrated a susceptibility locus of a B6 allele to this onset on chromosome 5. Immunological analyses revealed that the excessive OX40 signals in TgL mice attenuates expansion of regulatory T cells the B6 genetic background, suggesting an impact of the B6 genetic background on the differentiation of regulatory T cells.
Present findings suggest a role for the OX40L-derived immune response and epistatic genetic effect in immune-mediated pathogenesis of PAH.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe disease condition that can lead to progressive right ventricular failure and ultimately to death. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a major class of PH defined in the classification of the World Health Organization (WHO). The main histopathological manifestations of PAH are vasoconstriction, endothelial cell proliferation and fibrosis, smooth-muscle cell proliferation, and thrombosis in small pulmonary arteries. These changes result in elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance and, consequently, in pulmonary arterial pressure [1].
PAH occurs as either a primary (idiopathic or familial) or a secondary disease. According to the WHO classification, inflammatory conditions, such as collagen vascular diseases, and viral infections are associated with the occurrence of PAH. Indeed, patients with a subset of idiopathic PAH have some inflammatory disturbances, presented as elevated circulating levels of TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6 [2]. In the case of severe PAH in humans, infiltration of immune cells, including T cells, B cells, and macrophages, is occasionally observed in pulmonary vascular lesions [3]. Most of the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells infiltrating into the intimal lesions have been shown to express effector memory T-cell markers, indicating the active status of the T cells. In animal models, augmented expression of IL-18 or administration of IL-6 is sufficient to induce mild spontaneous PH [4,5]. In the former case, IL-13 has been shown to critically mediate inflammatory signals in the lung. Recent studies have proposed that naturally arising CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells, or their mediators, may inhibit the development of experimental PH [6]. Furthermore, it has been suggested that the deficiency of CD4+ T cells in humans (e.g., in cases of HIV infection), or the depletion of CD4+ T cells in experimental animal models, is associated with the development of PAH [7]. These observations implicate an immune-mediated mechanism in the development of PAH.
Signals through T-cell costimulatory molecules are critically involved in eliciting optimal T-cell functions [8]. OX40 (TNFRSF4, CD134) is a member of the TNF receptor superfamily that is transiently expressed on activated T cells. The ligand of OX40 (OX40L: TNFSF4, CD134L) is mainly expressed on mature antigen-presenting cells as well as on vascular endothelial cells [9-12]. The OX40-OX40L interaction is required for optimal effector function of T cells [13,14] and generation of memory T cells [15-18]. Recently, growing evidence has unveiled the importance of OX40 signals in the accumulation of effector CD4+ T cells at inflammation sites in mouse models of autoimmune diseases. Moreover, a recent study has demonstrated that constitutive OX40-OX40L interactions in OX40L transgenic mice entail spontaneous development of ulcerative colitis-like disease and an undetermined lung disease, which is accompanied by significant production of an anti-DNA antibody [19]. Interestingly, these pathological manifestations have been observed in mice with the C57BL/6 (B6) genetic background but not in those with the BALB/c (BALB) genetic background. The strain-specific pathological manifestations implicate the presence of a genetic predisposition that modulates OX40L-dependent inflammation in the colon and lungs.
The goal of this study was to characterize the undetermined lung disease presented in an OX40L-transgenic B6 strain (B6.TgL) of mice. In the present study, we proposed a new spontaneous model for PAH. Furthermore, this study provided novel insight into the role of the OX40L-derived signal and the genetic predisposition in the immune-mediated pathogenic mechanism of PAH.
Mice with OX40L transgene under the expression control of lck promoter were generated in a C57BL/6 genetic background as described previously (B6.TgL) [19]. To generate OX40L transgenic mice on BALB/c background (BALB.TgL), B6.TgL backcrossed to BALB/c strains more than 8 times. Age and sex-matched wild-type C57BL/6 and BALB/c were used as controls. For genetic analyses, TgL mice with mixed genetic background were prepared by the mating of BALB × B6.TgL and (BALB × B6) F1 × B6.TgL. All mice were bred and maintained in conventional clean room in the animal department of the Oriental Bio-service, Co. Ltd, Shizuoka, Japan. In all animal experiments in this study, we followed the Tohoku University guidelines for animal experimentation.
Histopathological examinations
At 20 weeks of age, each mouse was killed under ether anesthesia. The whole lung was immersion fixed in 10% formalin in 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2), and embedded in paraffin. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome for light-microscopic examination. The disease score of PAH was histopathologically determined. Ten small pulmonary arteries along with terminal bronchioles were individually graded under microscopic examination according to following histopathological criteria: 0, normal; 1, significant, slight thickening of the media; 2, thickening of the media with intimal (endothelial) proliferation and/or fibrosis. A mean grade of all points examined was considered as an individual PAH score. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed using the primary antibodies to human α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) (DACO, Tokyo, Japan), which has been shown to react mouse αSMA, and mouse CD31 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA).
Right ventricular systolic pressure measurements
B6, BALB, B6.TgL, and BALB.TgL mice were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine hydrochloride (60 mg/kg) and xylazine (8 mg/kg) or, in the second series of measurement using B6, and BALB.TgL mice, pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg). Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was measured in spontaneously breathing mice by direct puncture of the right ventricle with a 25-gauge needle connected to a pressure transducer [20]. In the second series with the pentobarbital anesthetization, it was measured in artificially ventilated mice with median thoracotomy.
Evaluation of right ventricular hypertrophy
The hearts isolated from B6, BALB, B6.TgL, and BALB.TgL mice were fixed in formalin and dissected into right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV), and interventricular septum (IVS). The dissected ventricles were carefully washed in saline to remove blood clots and separately weighted. Right ventricular hypertrophy was evaluated by the weight ratio of RV/(LV+IVS).
Antibodies and flow cytometric analysis
Anti-CD3-FITC, anti-CD4-allophycocyanin, anti-CD25-allophycocyanin, anti-CD44-phycoerythrin (PE), anti-CD62L-FITC, and anti-IL-17-PE were purchased from BD Biosciences (San Diego, CA). Anti-mouse Foxp3-PE (FJK-16S) was purchased from eBioscience (San Diego, CA). Anti-mouse CD3ε (clone 2C11) used for T cell stimulation and anti-mouse CD16/32 (clone 2.4G2) used for Fc receptor blocking were purified from hybridoma-cultured supernatants in our laboratory. Cells were incubated with antibodies for 30 min at 4°C and then washed to remove unbound antibodies. All the samples were analyzed with a FACSCalibur™ flow cytometer and the CellQuest™ program (BD Biosciences).
Preparation of lymphocyte culture and cytokine measurements
Single-cell suspensions were prepared from spleen and lungs of an 8 to 10 week-old mouse, in which the lung disease of interest is not developed. Lymphocytes in the lung were obtained by digesting minced lung tissues with 150 U/ml collagenase (Maeda Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) as described previously [21]. The number of effector/memory and regulatory T cells were calculated based on the percentage of each subpopulation that was CD44highCD62Llow and CD4+Foxp3+, respectively, and the total cell number in each organ. Total lymphocytes isolated from lung tissues that contained equal number of effector/memory CD4+T cells (normalized based on absolute number of effector/memory CD4 T cells) were stimulated with soluble anti-CD3ε (10 μg/ml) at 37°C for the indicated time. IL-13 levels were assayed in cultured supernatants using ELISA kit for IL-13 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The production of IL-17 in lymphocytes was detected by intracellular staining with anti-IL-17-PE following incubation of lymphocytes for 4 h with 50 ng/ml PMA, 500 ng/ml Ionomycin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) in the presence of 10 μg/ml brefeldin A (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA).
Genetic mapping
Genotypes of BCN2.TgL mice were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using genomic DNA prepared from the tail tip. The genotyping PCR was performed using standard reagent and the following conditions: 94°C for 5 min, 35 cycle of 94°C for 30 sec, 58°C for 30 sec, 72°C for 30 sec, and final extension 72°C for 5 min with the 98 microsatellite markers (additional file 1), which represent amplified fragment-length polymorphism between BALB and B6 strains. This genotyping provided full coverage of the mouse autosomes with the marker spaced an average of 12.5 cM apart and a maximum distance of 35 cM between any two markers. PCR products were visualized with electrophoresis on 2-4% agarose gels containing 0.01% ethidium bromide.
Additional file 1. Summary of genome wide scan. Genotypes of BCN2.TgL mice were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using genomic DNA for 98 microsatellite positions.
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In a genome-wide scan, we determined genotypes of the 48 BCN2.TgL mice, which were selected as the top (severest) 24 and the bottom 24 on the list of PAH score, at all the 98 microsatellite positions (additional file 1) . The association at each microsatellite position was evaluated with chi-square test for independence between the genotypes and the two groups that were positive and negative for the incidence of PAH, using standard 2 × 2 contingency matrices. A p value less than 0.05 was regarded as suggestive association. The suggestive association was confirmed by the two-tail t-test for the difference of means between the two genotype groups of a total of 341 BCN2.TgL mice. In this test a P value less than 0.0034 was regarded as suggestive association. This P threshold was referred to the previous recommendation [22].
In a linkage mapping, a linkage position was determined with the quantitative trait locus (QTL) program. The logarithm of odd (LOD) was determined with the interval mapping program in the Windows QTL Cartographer (V2.5) software. The PAH scores of all BCN2.TgL mice were used as an indicator of phenotype. A suggestively significant level (α = 0.05) of LOD was determined by the permutation test installed in this software (1000 permutations). Map positions (cM) of the microsatellite makers were based on the information of the Mouse Genome Database of The Jackson Laboratory (http://www.informatics.jax.org webcite).
A 95% confidence interval shown in Table 1 was calculated using the method described previously [23]. The two-tailed t-test was used to evaluate a difference of means between two groups. A P value less than 0.05 considered as significant.
Table 1. Summary of PAH scores of B6, BALB, and transgenic strains of mice
Histopathological characterization of the lung phenotype
Microscopic examination revealed diffuse pathological changes in the small- to medium-sized pulmonary arteries in B6.TgL (Figure 1A, E), but not in B6 (Figure 1B), BALB strain of OX40L transgenic mice (BALB.TgL) (Figure 1C), or BALB (Figure 1D). This vascular lesion was found to be readily accompanied with perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes and, to a lesser extent, neutrophils (Figure 1F). These changes were mainly observed in arteries contained in bronchovascular bundles (respiratory arteries) and were typically characterized by fibrocellular endothelial proliferation of the intimal layer and, to a lesser extent, medial muscular hypertrophy (Figure 1G and 1H). Neither muscularization of distal pulmonary arterioles, which is a common pathological change in a hypoxic PAH model, nor plexiform lesions, found in human PAH, were identified. The cells in the intimal lesion were characterized as positive for a myofibroblast marker, smooth muscle-specific actin (αSMA) (Figure 1I), and an endothelial cell marker, CD31 (Figure 1J). When no treatment was administered to avoid vasospasm before the histopathological preparation, vasoconstriction was frequently observed in pulmonary arteries of B6.TgL but not in wild-type B6, BALB, and BALB.TgL mice, irrespective of the presence of the overt pathological changes mentioned above (data not shown). Perivascular lymphocytic infiltration was also observed around pulmonary veins; however, there was no pathologic remodeling in those veins as observed in the arteries (data not shown). Degenerative or granulomatous vascular lesions were not observed in conjunction with the perivascular infiltration, indicating that the vascular lesion of interest is not related to any type of vasculitis syndrome. We found no vascular lesions in the kidney or the colon of B6.TgL mice. Thus, the spontaneous lung disease in B6.TgL mice was characterized by lung-specific, pulmonary artery-restricted intimal thickening with lymphocytic (chronic) inflammation. These histopathological characteristics are similar yet distinct in a few points from those of human PAH.
Figure 1. Histopathological features of the lung disease in B6.TgL mice. (A-D) Histopathological manifestation typically present in B6.TgL (A). No pathological manifestation observed in B6 (B), BALB.TgL (C), and BALB (D). The photograms indicated were taken from over 20-week aged male mouse. Arrow heads indicate pulmonary arteries. TB, terminal bronchiole. H&E staining. Scale bar = 100 μm. (E) Diffuse pathology present in B6.TgL. Masson's trichrome staining. Scale bar = 1 mm. (F) Perivascular lymphocytic infiltration in the affected lung. H&E staining. Scale bar = 50 μm. (G, H) Representative microscopic appearance in the affected arteries in the B6.TgL lung. An inset photogram in G represents the appearance of a normal pulmonary artery. Thickening of the intimal and, to a lesser extent, medial layers with marked intimal fibrosis is characteristic of the affected arteries. Masson's trichrome staining. Scale bar = 100 μm. I and J, expression of αSMA and CD31 (PECAM), respectively in the thickened arterial wall. The photogram in the inset of J represents a normal manifestation of unaffected artery. Immunohistochemical staining with hematoxylin counter-staining. Scale bar: in I, 200 μm; in J, 100 μm.
Strain-restricted onset of the lung disease
The PAH-like disease, as defined in the B6.TgL mice, was quantified with a PAH score in other strains of mice, including B6, BALB, BALB.TgL, BALB × B6.TgL (BCF1.TgL), and (BALB × B6) F1 × B6.TgL (BCN2.TgL). It was observed that wild-type and different TgL strains, such as BALB.TgL and BCF1.TgL, barely developed the PAH-like disease (Table 1). On the other hand, BCN2.TgL developed a PAH-like disease with a broader distribution of the PAH score than B6.TgL. There were no sex-related differences in the PAH scores (Table 1). These findings indicate that development of the PAH-like disease depends on both the effects of TgL and on an undefined B6-specific genetic background.
Elevation of RV systolic pressure and RV hypertrophy in B6.TgL
The PAH-like arteriopathy in B6.TgL mice indicated the onset of clinical PH. We therefore measured right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure (RVSP) in aged B6.TgL, BALB.TgL, and their wild-type strains. RVSP was significantly increased in the B6.TgL mice, as compared to B6 (Figure 2A). Importantly, the RVSP values were significantly correlated with the PAH scores (Figure 2B). Furthermore, significant RV hypertrophy was demonstrated for B6.TgL, as compared to B6 mice (Figure 2C). Increases in RVSP and RV hypertrophy were not observed in the BALB.TgL mice, as compared to B6 mice (additional file 2). In other experiments performed using wild-type BALB mice (30 w), there has been no evidence for RV hypertension or RV hypertrophy in BALB strain: RVSP = 21.3 ±2.72 mmHg, RV/(LV + IVS) = 0.25 ±0.026.
Figure 2. Clinicopathological phenotypes associated with PH. (A) Significant elevation of RVSP (mmHg) in B6.TgL. The result represents a mean ± standard deviation (SD) of 4 B6 or 6 B6.TgL mice (20 to 24 weeks old) for each group. (B) Correlation between RVSP values and PAH scores obtained from the 10 mice examined in A. The significance of this correlation was confirmed with the Kendall tau (τ) rank correlation coefficient (τ = 0.828). (C) RV hypertrophy manifested in B6.TgL. RV hypertrophy was evaluated with the index provided by the formula, RV/(LV+IVS). The result represents a mean ± SD of 12 B6 or 8 B6.TgL mice for each group. The significant difference between the two groups was evaluated by two-tailed t-test. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.
Additional file 2. Pathological phenotypes in the lung of BALB.TgL mice. (A) RVSP (mmHg) in BALB.TgL (35 w, male, n = 4) and wild-type B6 (28 w, male, n = 4). The difference in the average values between the two strains is not statistically significant (p = 0.37, two tailed t test). These RVSP values tended to be lower than those in our previous measurement shown in Figure 2A. This change is probably due to the difference in the experimental conditions. (B) Evaluation of RV hypertrophy in BALB.TgL (35 w, male, n = 5) and wild-type B6 (28 w, male, n = 5). RV hypertrophy was evaluated with the index of RV/(LV+IVS). The difference between the two strains is not statistically significant (p = 0.76, two-tailed t-test).
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Accumulation of effector/memory CD4+ T cells in OX40L-Tg mice
Previous studies performed with B6.TgL mice have demonstrated a selective increase in the number of CD44highCD62Llow effector/memory CD4+ T cells in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues [17,19]. We examined whether the tissue distribution of effector/memory CD4+ T cells was altered by the genetic background before the disease onset. Flow cytometric analyses revealed a significant increase in the number of effector/memory CD4+ T cells in both the spleen (Figure 3A and 3B) and lungs (Figure 3C and 3D) in every TgL mouse examined. Importantly, this increase was not observed in a strain-specific manner, indicating that the development of PAH is not simply explained by the increase of effector/memory CD4+ T cells.
Figure 3. Accumulation of effector/memory CD4+ cells in transgenic (TgL) strains of mice. The percentages of CD44highCD62LlowCD25-CD4+ T cells (effector/memory CD4+T cells) in a total of CD4+T cells are shown in the dot grams; (A) spleen, (C) lung. The absolute numbers of effector/memory CD4+ T cells are shown in the bar grams; (B) spleen, (D) lung. The absolute number was calculated from the percentage of this subset and the total cell number in each organ. The results represent a mean ± SD of 6-8 mice per each group. The results of flow cytometry (A and C) are representative of three independent experiments performed using 8 to 10 week-old mice. The significant difference between the two groups was evaluated by two tailed t-test. *, p < 0.01; **, p < 0.001.
Strain-specific profile of cytokine production by the lung CD4+ T cells
The functionality of resident CD4+ T cells in the lungs of TgL mice was determined by testing their ability to produce cytokines in response to anti-CD3 or PMA/ionomycin stimulation, respectively. Augmented IL-13 production was observed in the TgL-derived T cells and interestingly, this augmentation was greater in B6.TgL than in BALB.TgL (Figure 4A). Furthermore, a larger number of IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells were observed in B6.TgL mice than in BALB.TgL (Figure 4B). IL-4 and IL-5 were not detected in stimulated lung cells by any strains (data not shown). These results indicate that the function of tissue resident CD4 T cells can be modulated by the excessive OX40 signals on B6 genetic background before disease onset.
Figure 4. Strain-specific cytokine profile in lung CD4+T cells. (A) IL-13 production from a total of lymphocytes isolated from the lung of non-transgenic and transgenic (TgL) strains of mice at 8 to 10 week-old. Lymphocytes containing equal number of CD44highCD62LlowCD4+T cells for each group (n = 4) of strain were stimulated with soluble anti-CD3 for 48 h and IL-13 in the cultured supernatant was quantified by ELISA. The significant difference between B6.TgL and BALB.TgL was evaluated by two-tailed t-test. *, p < 0.05. (B) IL-17 production in the lung CD4+T cells. Lymphocytes isolated as above were incubated with PMA/Ionomycin in the presence of brefeldin A for 4 h and intracellular IL-17 production was analyzed in CD4 T cells. Representative data from two independent experiments were shown.
Over-expression of OX40L in B6 background alters the balance between lung resident effector/memory T cells and regulatory T cells
CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells, usually denoted as Treg cells, are known to control inflammatory responses by suppressing the activities of Foxp3- effector T cells [24]. Several independent studies have demonstrated that lung resident Treg cells suppress type 2 immune responses and, consequently, reduce pulmonary inflammation [25-27]. We analyzed the population size of Treg cells, defined as CD4+Foxp3+, in the lung of non-transgenic and TgL strains. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that the frequency and absolute number of Treg cells increased in TgL strains in advance of the disease onset as compared with those in nontransgenic strains (Figure 5A and 5B). It was particularly noted that the increase of Treg was less in B6.TgL than in BALB.TgL, suggesting that B6-specific genetic factors counteract development of Treg cells in TgL mice. We also examined the ratio of Foxp3- effector/memory CD4 T cells (additional file 3) to Foxp3+ Treg before disease onset. The data shows an increased ratio of effector/memory T cells to Treg cells in the B6.TgL lung compared to the BALB.TgL lung (Figure 5C). These findings also suggest an important role of Treg in regulating inflammation associated with the pathogenesis of PAH-like disease in B6.TgL mice.
Figure 5. Accumulation of Treg cells in non-transgenic and transgenic (TgL) strains of mice at 8 to 10 week-old. The percentage (A) and absolute numbers (B) of CD4+ Foxp3+Treg cells in the lung are shown. The absolute lymphocytic number was calculated from the percentage of Treg and the total cell number. (C) The ratio of effector/memory T cells (CD4+ CD25- CD44 high CD62L low) to Fopx3+ Treg cells in the lung. A significant increase in this ratio is shown in B6.TgL strain of mice. The result represents a mean ± SD from 4 mice per each group. The results of flow cytometry (A) are representative of two independent experiments. The significant difference between the two groups was evaluated by two tailed t-test. *, p < 0.01; **, p < 0.001.
Additional file 3. Foxp3 expression on total CD4 versus CD25 negative effector CD4 T cells. Total CD4 and CD4+CD62LlowCD25 negative cells from the lung tissue were stained for intracellular Foxp3.
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Identification of a susceptibility locus for PAH
TgL-dependent PH developed in a strain-specific manner, suggesting that the genetic background had an effect on the disease phenotypes. To identify a susceptibility locus for a PAH-like disease in B6.TgL, a genetic approach was employed using BCN2.TgL mice, which are descended from the B6.TgL and non-disease-prone BALB.TgL strains of mice. A genome-wide scan performed using selected 48 BCN2.TgL mice identified 4 candidate loci on chromosomes 5, 9, 13, and 17, which were possibly associated with the incidence of a PAH-like disease (additional file 1). The association study with 341 BCN2.TgL mice confirmed the suggestive association at D5Mit346 (1 cM) and D5Mit381 (8 cM) on chromosome 5 (Table 2). The other candidate loci preliminarily defined on chromosomes 9, 13, and 17 were not confirmed by this study. A QTL analysis consistently demonstrated a suggestive linkage between the level of PAH score and the chromosomal region between D5Mit346 and D5Mit381. This linkage was observed in a single LOD peak of 2.4 at 7 cM on chromosome 5 (Figure 6).
Table 2. Genetic association of PAH score in BCN2
Figure 6. LOD plots of the QTL analysis for PAH scores on chromosome 5. The significant threshold level (α = 0.05) is shown by a score of 2 with a dashed line. The LOD peak (2.4) is located at 7 cM. The Y-axis denotes the level of the LOD score, and the X-axis denotes the genetic position defined by the microsatellite markers indicated: D5Mit346 (1 cM), D5Mit381 (8 cM), D5Mit197 (36 cM), D5Mit338 (59 cM), D5Mit213 (70 cM), and D5Mit409 (83 cM). The results were obtained using the interval mapping program of the MapMarker/QTL software.
Previous studies have shown that B6.TgL mice display abnormal T-cell differentiation and functions, and spontaneous inflammation in the colon and lung. The colonic phenotype in B6.TgL mice was histopathologically defined as an inflammatory bowel disease resembling ulcerative colitis in humans. In the present study, the undetermined lung disease in B6.TgL mice was characterized as a PAH-like disease. PAH is a clinical category of PH that comprises many different disease entities. Pathological manifestations of the PAH-like disease in B6.TgL mice are not completely parallel to those of idiopathic PAH. The differences between idiopathic PAH and the present animal model include the caliber of the affected arteries, the primarily affected layer of vascular wall, and the participation of massive lymphocytic perivascular infiltration. Further investigations are needed to define the present lung pathology as any type of PAH. An increasing body of evidence implicates the role of immune-mediated mechanisms in the pathogenesis of PAH. A type of PAH occurs secondarily to collagen vascular disorders, such as systemic sclerosis and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). Interestingly, PAH with MCTD presents with a prominent characteristic of endothelial degeneration and proliferation, probably due to the pathogenic contribution of autoantibodies to endothelial cells [28,29]. This characteristic may be a pathological consequence of immune-mediated mechanisms shared with the present model. The findings in the B6.TgL mice provide a possible insight into an implication of an OX40L-derived signal in the immune-mediated mechanism of endothelial pathology in PAH.
PAH is associated with endothelial cell dysfunction and vasoconstriction. There is no direct evidence for a link between these pulmonary vascular manifestations and abnormality in situ of OX40L-derived signal. However, it has been shown that OX40L-derived signals have a pathologic impact on the endothelial cell functions of systemic arteries. Recent studies have demonstrated an association of OX40L gene polymorphism with the susceptibility to atherosclerosis in humans [30], and the critical contribution of OX40-OX40L interactions to atherogenesis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice [31]. The endothelial cells of the systemic arteries and those of the pulmonary arteries are exposed to different conditions, i.e., blood pressure and oxygen tension. It is interesting to know whether the OX40-OX40L interactions yield a different response on pulmonary endothelial cells than on systemic endothelial cells, and whether the OX40L gene polymorphism is associated with any type of PAH in humans.
Our present immunological studies performed using TgL and non-TgL strains of mice with different genetic backgrounds--B6 and BALB--revealed the respective effects of TgL and strain-dependent genetic background on immune phenotypes in the lung. Previous studies have demonstrated that OX40L-derived signals promote the expansion of effector/memory CD4+ T cells [17,19] and naturally arising Treg cells [32], and enhance the production of IL-13 and IL-17 by CD4+ T cells [33-35]. To examine which TgL-dependent immune aberrations are correlated with the onset of the PAH-like disease, we examined TgL-dependent immune phenotypes in the lungs of 2 different strains at a pre-disease stage. The findings indicate that B6-specific genetic factors influence the expansion of effector/memory CD4+ T cells and Treg cells in advance of the onset of lung disease. A possible role of Treg cells has been documented in the development of PAH in humans [6]. Furthermore, it is clearly shown that B6-specific genetic factors increase the number of IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells as well as secretion of IL-13 and IFNγ (data not shown) by lung tissue resident CD4+ T cells. IL-17 producing CD4 T cells, namely Th17 cells are well known that participates in the pathogenesis of various organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis [36,37]. Although the role of Th17 cells in PAH in humans has not been determined, our present findings suggest that they indeed play a role in PAH. IL-13 serves as an important mediator in pulmonary inflammation [5,38,39], suggesting a causal contribution of IL-13 to the pathogenesis of the present model. The presence of immunological findings provides an insight into PAH-prone immune condition in the lung: the increase of proinflammatory effectors, IL-13 and Th17, and the decrease of an anti-inflammatory effector, Treg.
The present genome-wide genetic approach demonstrated a new susceptibility locus controlling the onset of a PAH-like disease in our model. Previous genetic studies performed on familial PAH have shown mutations in 2 genes responsible for susceptibility to PAH: bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 gene (BMPR2) [40] and activin-like kinase type-1 gene (ALK-1) [41]. Our identified locus includes neither of these genes, nor, to the best of our knowledge, any gene involved in their signal transduction pathways. However, Nos3 and Hgf genes were particularly noted within this locus. Nitric oxide (NO) is known as a potent endothelial cell-derived vasodilator and an inhibitor of smooth muscle proliferation. Endothelial NO production largely depends on NOS3/eNOS (encoded by Nos3). NOS3-deficient mice showed reduced pulmonary vascular proliferation and remodeling to chronic hypoxia [42,43]. Several studies have reported the preventive role of NO in the development of PH in mice and humans. The polymorphism of human Nos3 gene is associated with high-altitude pulmonary edema and PH in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [44]. On the other hand, Hgf, which encodes hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), suppresses vascular medial hyperplasia and matrix accumulation in advanced PH in rats [45]. These findings have underscored the role of NOS3/eNOS or HGF as a pathogenic modifier in the present PH model.
A T-cell subset, type II helper T cell (Th2), plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PAH in mice [39]. In this regard, it is noteworthy that the 2 loci (the transgene locus and the susceptibility locus) have a strong impact on Th1/Th2 balance. The OX40 signal promotes a Th2-prone condition in mice [34]. On the other hand, NO and HGF serve as inducible factors for type I helper T cells (Th1) [46,47]. Therefore, in the TgL strains of mice, the 2 loci are mutually counterbalanced, and the net Th1/Th2 proportion depends mainly on the polymorphic effect of the susceptibility locus. In a B6 genetic background, an effect of the susceptibility locus may suppress Th1 responses and maximize Th2 augmentation in the lung conferred by the OX40L transgene, resulting in the B6-specific onset of PH.
The present study reported a novel transgenic mouse model for PH. This model differs from previous PH models, which include a hypoxia-induced model, a drug-induced model, and a genetic model (i.e., endothelin B receptor-deficient) [48], in etiology, histopathology, and spontaneity of PH. Considering the physiological functions of OX40L, it is likely that the development of PH in the present model depends on Th2-mediated mechanisms. The present model may provide a new experimental opportunity for investigating immune-mediated mechanisms underlying PAH and the development of immune-targeted therapy for PAH.
List of Abbreviations
αSMA: Alpha smooth muscle actin; B6.TgL: OX40L transgenic on C75BL/6 strain; BALB. TgL: OX40L transgenic on BALB/c strain; H & E: Hematoxylin and Eosin; HGF: Hepatocyte growth factor; IVS: Intraventricular Septum; LOD: Logarithm of odd; LV: Left ventricular; MCTD: Mixed connective tissue disease; NO: Nitric oxide; OX40L: OX40 ligand; PH: Pulmonary hypertension; PAH: Pulmonary arterial hypertension; PMA: phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; QTL: quantitative trait locus; RV: Right ventricle; RVSP: Right ventricular systolic pressure; Th: T helper cells; T reg: regulatory T cell; TNFSF: Tumor necrosis super-family
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
MR and MO (Ono) conceived the project and contributed to all the aspect of this research. MN contributed to the genetic findings. MY, MO (Oka), and IFM contributed to histopathological findings. PS, NI, and KS (Sugamura) contributed to immunological findings. KS (Satoh) and HS contributed to physical findings such as blood pressure measurements. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
We would like to thank Drs. Mingcai Zhang, Hiroshi Furukawa, Hiroyuki Kumagai, Shigeki Shibahara, Yasushi Hoshikawa, and Masahisa Kyogoku for providing helpful, critical comments, Mr. Shin-ichi Tanaka and Miss Naomi Yamaki for technical help in the RVSP measurement, and Mrs. Emi Yura for secretarial help. This work was supported by grants: No.19390108 & No.19659096, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture of Japan. CREST, JST.
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Reeman Dansie was established in 1881 in the heart of Colchester. Over our 134 year history we have built up an excellent reputation as auctioneers and valuers. In November 2003 we moved to a spacious modern salesroom on the outskirts of Colchester, within five minutes drive of the A12 and with ample free parking.
Forthcoming sale dates :
Tuesday 29th & Wednesday 30th September
Antiques & Fine Art Sale - Two Day Antiques & Fine Art Sale Tuesday 29th & Wednesday 30th September 2015 commencing 10am each day. Presale viewing Saturday 26th September 9am - 1pm, Monday 28th September 9am - 6pm and mornings of sale from 9am. STORAGE CHARGES - Please note that all lots of furniture and rugs need to be collected by 5pm Monday 5th October. After which all items of furniture and rugs will be collected by R D Schofield Removals at a cost per lot of £10 + VAT and £1 per day storage thereafter. This will be payable by you on collection from their premises at Lawford which is a fifteen minute drive from our saleroom. Please note that their offices are not open at weekends.
Tuesday 13th October 2015 - General Sale
Victorian, Edwardian & later furnishings & General Household Goods Sale - Tuesday 13th October 2015 commencing at 10am. Pre sale viewing Saturday 10th October 9am-1pm, Monday 12th October 9.30am-5.30pm and morning of sale from 9am
Saturday 17th October 2015 -
Specialist Toy & Memorabilia Auction
Pre sale viewing Friday 16th October 12pm - 5pm and morning of sale
Lot 367 - Diamond single stone ring with a brilliant cut diamond estimated to weigh approximately 3.63 carats in eight claw setting on triple shank. Ring size N
Estimated £9000 - £10000
Hammer Price £9000
View Lot
Lot 826 - William Lionel Wyllie (1851 - 1931), oil on canvas - shipping on the Thames at dusk, before the London and Continental Steam Wharf, signed, in gilt frame, 44.5cm x 80cm. Provenanc [...]
Estimated £5000 - £7000
Hammer Price £5100
View Lot
Lot 934 - Mid-Victorian wall mounted regulator with eight day single train movement, top mounted winding, 12.5 inch diameter silvered dial with outer minute dial, subsidiary hour and seconds [...]
Estimated £1500 - £2000
Hammer Price £6800
View Lot
Lot 949 - 1954 Bentley R Type saloon Registration No WSJ 389, Chassis No B51ZX, six cylinder 4,650cc engine, automatic transmission. This elegant and desirable Bentley Standard Steel Sports [...]
Estimated £20000 - £25000
Hammer Price £24000
View Lot
Lot 325 - Roman / Byzantine relief carved emerald, finely carved in high relief depicting a male bust, later mounted in a 19th century yellow metal ring setting. Accompanied by a letter dat [...]
Estimated £300 - £400
Hammer Price £17000
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Lot 550 - Fine quality 19th Italian micromosaic plaque of rectangular form depicting a lute player and two fruit gatherers in a classical landscape, 3cm x 5.5cm
Estimated £600 - £1000
Hammer Price £3000
View Lot


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I don't know if Im buying the passblocking excuse here. They cared so much about that, they kept Diehl in there....real good way to keep your Franchise healthy.
Everything is slowwwwwwwew
ESPN Stats & Info @ESPNStatsInfo
Giants are 1st team in NFL history to lose first 2 games of season despite leading by 10 or more points in 4th quarter of each game (ELIAS).


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GAIN and IDH sign Memorandum of Understanding to reduce malnutrition in rural populations
GAIN and IDH sign Memorandum of Understanding to reduce malnutrition in rural populations
4th Sept 2014, The Hague: The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) and IDH, the Sustainable Trade Initiative (IDH) have signed a Memorandum of Understanding, to mark a new partnership to improve the health and nutrition of smallholder farmers and their communities in agricultural value chains.
The partnership aims to tackle the unacceptably high rates of malnutrition among rural agricultural communities in developing economies. Smallholder farmers produce over 70% of the world's food, yet are among the most food and nutrition insecure populations. Nutrition security is essential for improving farmer livelihoods, and can lift communities out of poverty.
GAIN and IDH will focus on delivering improved health and nutrition through leveraging agricultural value chains. Proving the business case for companies to integrate nutrition into producer training programs and establish a monitoring and evaluation framework to assess progress will be important components of the program.
Marc Van Ameringen, Executive Director of GAIN said: "The high rates of malnutrition among farming communities demonstrates the need for agriculture and nutrition to work better together. The solutions are many and complex, but the starting point is essentially simple - to understand that we cannot lift rural communities out of poverty if farmers and their families are malnourished. Through this partnership we will explore the many barriers that prevent smallholder farmers from enjoying healthy diets and work with IDH to encourage companies to use their supply chains to tackle malnutrition."
Joost Oorthuizen, Executive Director of IDH declared: "IDH is enthusiastic to sign this MOU with GAIN, and better integrate nutrition related interventions into our sector value chain program designs, moving into the nutrition space means moving into the happiness space, in terms of farmer livelihood improvement."
The MoU was signed at a special event hosted by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in The Hague, The Netherlands, which included a public debate on how to improve nutrition in agricultural supply chains.
About GAIN
- The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) is an international organization launched at the UN Special Session on Children in 2002 to tackle the human suffering caused by malnutrition.
- We act as a catalyst – building alliances of governments, business and civil society – to find and deliver solutions to the complex problem of malnutrition. Today our programs are on track to reach over a billion people with improved nutrition by 2015.
- We focus our efforts on children, girls and women because we know that providing these groups with sustainable, nutritious diets is crucial to ending the cycle of malnutrition.
About malnutrition
- Close to two billion people survive on diets that lack the vital nutrients needed for their bodies and brains to grow properly, for them to live a healthy life, and raise a healthy family.
- By building alliances that deliver impact at scale, we believe that we can end malnutrition within our lifetimes.
For further information please contact Helen Davison at firstname.lastname@example.com or call the press office on +44 (0) 7867 475 900
About IDH
IDH, The Sustainable Trade Initiative was set up in 2008 as a new approach to development coopera¬tion. By combining aid and trade, and by leveraging the powers of the private sector, civil society and government to create impact on the MDGs 1, 7 and 8. Within a few years, IDH has expanded its opera¬tion into 18 different commodity sectors, working with over 250 companies in 50 different countries.
IDH's accelerates and up-scale sustainable trade by building impact oriented coalitions of front running companies, civil society organizations, governments and other stakeholders. By convening public & private interests, strengths, and knowledge, IDH programs sustainably transform commodity markets to create large scale improvements in the livelihoods of hundreds of thousands of small scale farmers, reduce negative environmental impact, and support local value creation in developing countries - making sustainable production and consumption the norm.
For further information please contact Gillian Evans at firstname.lastname@example.com or visit our website at www.idhsustainabletrade.com.
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- #FutureFortified Global Summit on Food Fortification
- GAIN highlights nutrition financing gap
- Food Fortification Plays Critical Role Improving Health
- Global Nutrition Report to be presented in Canada
- Canadian Government affirm support for women and child health
- Unilever and GAIN to help 2.5 million farmers
- New project will tackle malnutrition amongst Bangladeshi garment workers
- Haiti exports locally-produced life-saving RUTF to Guatemala for malnourished children
- USAID seeks solutions to malnutrition in Tajikistan
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- Unilever and GAIN to help 2.5 million farmers
- New project will tackle malnutrition amongst Bangladeshi garment workers
- Roadmap launched to help businesses prioritize engagement in nutrition
- Business Scales Up Action to Combat Global Malnutrition
- USAID Unveils Results for President Obama's Feed the Future Initiative to Reduce Global Hunger and Poverty
- USAID and DuPont Announce Commitment to Increase Farmer Productivity and Food and Nutrition Security
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- GAIN Invited into Official Relations with World Health Organization (WHO)
- Is biodiverse agriculture an anachronism? Or is it a vital part of a food-secure future?
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Countdown to Comic-Con: Some Heroic HashtagsTue, 07/07/2015 - 10:00am |
With so much taking place in the world of comics, movies, TV and toys, people will be talking (and tweeting) about DC all throughout Comic-Con. Would you like to join in the discussion? Then you'll want to use one of these hashtags


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Akon endorses polygamy
Akon's a polygamist and he thinks more people would be happy at home if men were allowed to have more than one wife.
"I think if America adapted that culture, there would be less domestic disputes," he told TMZ, pointing out that many guys have more than one woman anyway. "The average guy in the world has a main girl, then they got a side chick and then they got a jump off."
The "I Wanna Love You" singer would understand mongamy if men could find everything they need in one woman. He just doesn't think it will happen.
He added, "I don't know no one woman that can satisfy every man's one need. It's impossible. Just like there's no one man that can satisfy a woman's every need.
But how does he feel about women having more than one man? Find out!
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Originally posted on Fox Sports West | Last updated 3/16/13
LOS ANGELES The first two weeks of spring practice were taxing on the USC football team, to say the least. As the team left the Coliseum on Saturday to embark on a 10-day recess, it was evident the break comes at the most opportune time. As head coach Lane Kiffin labored through an exhaustive injury report, he realized there were some names missing even more injuries following Saturdays scrimmage. Of the most significant injuries is a torn meniscus suffered by running back Silas Redd. The senior, who did not participate in Saturdays scrimmage, will spend some of his spring break undergoing surgery to correct his injury and will miss the rest of spring drills. The spring has been physical. Its a change from the philosophical stance Kiffin stood firm on last fall due to his teams reduced scholarships but it is a double-edged sword. Unfortunately, as you can see were really beat up, Kiffin said. Its great because, I think, were getting more physical but also you can see wh...
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In Our Image: After Our LikenessHe is a most powerful extra dimensional being that has been around for millions of years. The ultimate in beauty, wisdom and power, he is now pitted against one Thomas Hankins and those like him, in the End of Days. Between the beginnings of this powerful being and his battle with man, many questions are answered in this epic Drama. Questions like, why does man exist, why you were born, what are
In Our Image: The History and Mystery In Our Look at LifeDigital edition, full color. This compilation is from my A papers in Biblical and theological study, includes insight from art study, and adventures from other personal Bible study. For example I had gone to the library to search on a topic, had been urged by the Holy Spirit toward a book, picked it up and began to leaf through the pages. A wind blew and immediately it opened to an excerpt. It
In Our Image: God's First CreaturesNondenominational, NonsectarianEndorsed by Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish Religious LeadersIn the beginning, God created the heaven and the earth...But something was missing...Before creating humans, God said, Let us make humans in Our image, after Our likeness. In this playful new twist to the Genesis story, God asks all of nature to offer gifts to humankindwith the promise that the humans
Personal Symmetry in DiscoveryThe title of our volume refers to what is well described by the following two quota tions:"Godcreated man in his own image"l and "Man creates God in his own image."2 Our approach to symmetry is subjective, and the term "personal" symmetry reflects this approach in our discussion of selected scientific events. We have chosen six icons to symbolize six areas: Kepler for modeling, Fuller for new
Do We Create God in Our Own Image?" So God created man in His own image; in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them." (Genesis 1:27) The title of this book is a play on words from the above scripture. In this book we will explore the many different ways in which our view of God is influenced and thus created. If a person believes that they are created in the image of God, then they will act, think and
$9.99The bestselling Joshua series takes an invigorating, timely new turn as Girzone's beloved hero spreads his message of love and compassion from the streets of our nation's capital to the blood-soaked lands of the Middle East.Joseph Girzone possesses a unique ability to make Jesus' words and actions come to life for contemporary audiences. His fictional depictions of Jesus' return to the present-day
Waiting for Christ in the EucharistFrom the author of the bestselling, The Holy Longing, comes a book about the central expression of faith for hundreds of millions of Christians, the Eucharist. More so than anything else, the Eucharist is what anchors many peoples' life, prayer, and ultimately the way they live their lives. In this deeply personal book, Father Ronald Rolheiser delves into the history and meaning of this sacred
Serving the Nation by Living our Catholic Beliefs in Political Life"People who take God seriously will not remain silent about their faith. They will often disagree about doctrine or policy, but they won't be quiet. They can't be. They'll act on what they believe, sometimes at the cost of their reputations and careers. Obviously the common good demands a respect for other people with different beliefs and a willingness to compromise whenever possible. But for
God's Provision for our Every NeedGod is with you in the desert.Bishop T.D. Jakes gives you proof positive that God not only supplies you with everything you need, but your heavenly Father wants to bless you with refreshing water that will sustain you throughout any wilderness experience.According to Bishop Jakes, "Spiritually we must find a place where the Lord can minister to us in our wilderness-a place where He can instruct us
The Psychology of Image Making
The Springer Series in Adult Development and AgingThat painting is at least in part an expression of the painter's personality is obvious from the differences between very impulsive and very controlled painters - between the paintings of a Picasso, for example, and a Piet Mondriaan. But these differences have not been looked at in a controlled setting. In this book, Machotka sets out to understand the images produced by a broad sample of students
Finding Our Spiritual Home in Times of LonelinessA thoughtful exploration of loneliness, in the tradition of Henri Nouwen's classic Reaching Out. Loneliness may be more pervasive now than at any other time in human history. Cell phones and "instant messaging" not withstanding, our longing for meaningful connections seems to increase in direct proportion to our accessibility.In The Restless Heart, Ronald Rolheiser identifies different types of


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Simi Valley council members apologize for Samaritan Center criticism
Several homeless people attended the Simi Valley City Council meeting Monday to express concern about the attitude of elected officials toward those who get help at the city's Samaritan Center.
Subscribe to the Ventura County Star
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Need Help? Call us at 1-877-710-6182.
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A five piece melodic folk metal band from Helsinki who formed in 1995.
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Lovely Sparkz Model
D Cole PhotographyPhotographer Male Hampton, Virginia, US
Mayhem # 3062771
About MeMy name is D. Cole and I am setting up this model mayhem account to begin working in portrait/model photography. I would like to build up a portfolio and improve my skill set. My style tends to lean towards an edgy/urban but I would like to broaden my work to more genres such as head shots and theme shoots. I can be contacted through model mayhem and my email.
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Higher Education Webinars
In which a veteran of cultural studies seminars in the 1990s moves into academic administration and finds himself a married suburban father of two. Foucault, plus lawn care.
January 8, 2009 - 9:17pm
A new correspondent in a humanistic discipline writes:I'm now three semesters into a permanent position at a lower-mid-range research institution with aspirations to become something better. Said institution has no strength in my specialty, but gives me an absurdly low teaching load (2-1), generously supports research travel, and is even located in a nice town. One can always find something to kvetch about, but I'm basically delighted.
January 7, 2009 - 9:19pm
This is one of the parts of the job for which you're never really trained.
January 7, 2009 - 4:41am
A slightly nervous correspondent writes:
January 5, 2009 - 9:04pm
A couple of weeks ago I had a conversation with a contact at a respected private university. We discussed the different effects the recession is having at the cc level, as opposed to the private university level, and compared notes on enrollment trends. Then she mentioned something that explained a lot.
January 4, 2009 - 8:57pm
Christmas break was glorious, if a bit too short. After about a week of waking up at a civilized hour, my brain started to snap back to its original shape and I started to feel human again. (Idea for the betterment of human civilization: move the start of the workday to, oh, ten-ish. You're welcome.) The kids were astonishingly well-behaved, TW made the house look fantastic, and we did lots of family time. Even the blogging break was welcome, as the idea well was running dangerously low. (And thanks to everyone for their gracious holiday emails!)
December 21, 2008 - 8:44pm
A new correspondent writes:
December 19, 2008 - 5:25am
The Boy and The Girl are hitting new milestones. Last week we took them to a local park, where Santa held court near a restored old carousel. The Girl was in her glory – she told Santa what she wanted, declared which horse she wanted to ride, and pretended that her horse was jumping hurdles as the carousel turned. She smiled and laughed the entire time, and all was right in her world.
December 17, 2008 - 9:26pm
A new correspondent writes:
December 16, 2008 - 9:49pm
Enough with the freakin' buildings, already.
December 15, 2008 - 9:51pm
Okay, I'm a little late to this party, but there's been a fascinating exchange in blogland between Tenured Radical and Dr. Crazy. Both addressed the ways that budget issues are being discussed at their respective colleges.
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- Publisher: The Metropolitan Museum of Art
- Pages: 492
- Illustrations: Full color throughout
- Dimensions: 11'' x 11 3/4''
- Format: Paperback
- Author: Marino Barovier
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Home > > Books & Media > Exhibition Catalogues > Venetian Glass by Carlo Scarpa: The Venini Company
Item# 80-021995
A splendid catalogue devoted to the work of an artist who was responsible for some of the most original glass artworks in art history. Through around 300 works, documents, and original drawings from private collections and museums from all over the world, this important volume reconstructs the work and life of Carlo Scarpa from the very beginnings of his career when he worked as artistic director for the Venini glassworks, between 1932 and 1947.
492 pages, full-color illustrations throughout. 11'' x 11 3/4''. Paper.
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Environment/Energy · Featured · Politics · Regulation
The Ignorance and Hypocrisy Behind Oil Export Bans
Help consumers, security, and the environment by eliminating prohibition on exporting US oil and gas.
Environment/Energy · Featured · Politics · Regulation
Help consumers, security, and the environment by eliminating prohibition on exporting US oil and gas.
Think of the millions of birds being killed by renewables. Think of the billions of taxpayer dollars that have gone down the drain in "the quest for the holy grail of cheap renewable power." Whether you oppose death by renewables for avian or economic reasons isn't important. But what does matter is making your opposition heard.
Featured · Internet/Telecom · Taxes
As the internet has become one of the driving forces behind economic growth across the United States, ensuring affordable internet access for businesses and consumers is crucial.
"Flexibility." It's a word that everyone in politics loves. They love it so much, they overuse it, deploying it in situations where it conflicts directly with the facts. That's the[…]
Senators Ron Wyden (D-OR) and Scott Brown (R-MA) are getting a good bit of media play for their alliance on an amendment to President Obama's health care law advanced in[…]
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The Top Sporting Goods products! Get your kids outside and playing with the best sports equipment out there. Soccer balls, baseballs, footballs and more!
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Little Corellas are mostly white, with a fleshy blue eye-ring and a pale rose-pink patch between the eye and bill. In flight, a bright sulphur-yellow wash can be seen on the underwing and under tail. The sexes are similar in plumage, and young birds look like the adults, but are slightly smaller - Birdlife Australia
Yes, a cottonmouth. Scientific name is Agkistrodon piscivorus
Thinking a cotton mouth. Was striking at my car as I drove by so I got out and took photos.
A medium sized monkey with grey-brownish fur and a pink hairless face. Very social and almost human.
Hi Wesley! Beautiful image! A coupe of tips for you. The term caterpillar should be reserved for the larva of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths). Also, on Project Noah, we ask that you only use the Scientific name field for scientific names (binomial nomenclature, Genus + species). Suborders and orders can be mentioned in Description or Notes. You'll fine more tips and info under our faq page:
Only 2-3 leaves at the base of each plant. Small clusters of blue berries grew on a long stalk of each plant
Mapping Nature on Your Smartphone
For the developers at New York start-up Networked Organisms, smartphones are the butterfly nets of the 21st Century. Their tool, Project Noah, lets people upload photos of plants and wildlife around them, creating a map of the natural world and contributing to scientific research in the process.
What kind of beetle? This app knows
Bespectacled scientists of yore would carry around hefty field guides, made up of hundreds of pages of text and photos. But these days, smartphone owners have a lighter option: an app called Project Noah, which aims to help people identify plants and animals as well as collect data from "citizen scientists" about where certain species are located.
Designing ecosystems for talent development
Project Noah enables us to be part of a more focused online community where we can learn more about wildlife around us and contribute to scientific research. It pulls participants into deeper, more meaningful engagement by enabling people to go on "missions" to collectively map changes based on sightings.
A smart way to save wildlife
A modern invention that may also hold the key to saving species in the future. Project Noah is a global study that encourages nature lovers to document the wildlife they encounter, using a purpose built phone app and web community. In addition to the virtual "collection" of species, Project Noah encourages citizen science by linking up with existing surveys including the International Spider Survey and the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network.
New mobile applications include a tool called NOAH that lets you take cellphone pictures of bugs and trees and then sends back an identification of the exact type in as little as 24 hours.


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Shop.Ferguson.com Home > Mirrors > Square/Rectangular Mirrors > New Products
Please enter your zip code to find the nearest Ferguson Showrooms.
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RLPack Basic Edition1.21
editor's review
RLPack is a tiny application which compresses executable files but still allows you to run them under normal conditions. Its features can be seamlessly figured out.
This is a portable program, so RLPack does not come with a setup kit. It means that you can save it to a USB flash drive or any other similar storage unit, and directly run the executable file on any computer, as long as the rest of the files are placed in the same root.
Furthermore, the Windows Registry is not updated with new entries, and no leftover files can be found on the hard drive after removing the program. Also, you can always have RLPack with you whenever you're on the move.
The interface of the app is represented by a standard window and a simple-to-follow layout. Loading an executable file into the workspace can be done via either the file browser or "drag and drop" method.
RLPack allows you to strip the TLS, relocations, the export table and unimportant resources, as well as to use the Windows DLL loader and preserve the overlay. In addition, you can specify the number of raw resources and compression method, as well as make RLPack create backups to keep the original files.
The program runs on a pretty low amount of CPU and system memory, has a good response time, contains a help file and quickly finishes a task. RLPack did not cause us any problems throughout our testing, such as hanging, crashing or displaying error notifications. However, the tool has not been updated for a pretty long while. Nonetheless, RLPack can be handled by users of any experience level for the simple task of compressing executable files.


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via Right This Minute's Newest Videos http://www.rightthisminute.com/video/sumo-suit-vines-turn-viral-videos [...]Read more
Category "Entertainment News"
21 PG-Rated Movies That Are Actually Terrifying
Parental Guidance and a security blanket are strongly suggested. Jaws Suddenly, the beach doesn't seem like such a fun place, huh? Fun fact: There was no PG-13 rating when Jaws hit theaters in 1975. It wasn't until 1984 that the PG-13 rating came [...]Read more
Now This is How You Prepare for Halloween
via Right This Minute's Newest Videos http://www.rightthisminute.com/video/now-how-prep-halloween [...]Read more
Halloween 'Convo' With a Baby Zombie
via Right This Minute's Newest Videos http://www.rightthisminute.com/video/halloween-convo-baby-zombie [...]Read more
Just a Bear Enjoying a Lone, Leisure Game of Tetherball
At first you'll think it's a human in a bear suit...but it's not. That's an actual bear having a little fun playing tetherball against himself. This amazing footage was shot at Animal Ark in Reno, Nevada. This big guy really [...]Read more
I'm Gonna Be the 'Happiest Place on Earth' for Halloween!
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text:
Vocaloid - Meiko - Nendoroid Plus - 006 (Gift)Vocaloid - Meiko - Nendoroid Plus - 006 (Gift)
- Partner shops approved by MFC - View more
- HobbyLink Japan Hlj.com
- Otaku-Planete
- Sukipan
- JFigure.com
- Tokyo Otaku Mode
- anime-figuren.de
- BigBadToyStore
- The Anime Corner Store
- Standard———
No. 006
© Gift
View moreComments (22)
02 months ago (1 month ago)bethykins
Selling lots of gift plushies - will comment on the page of each in selling. PM me for prices and shipping quotes (I'm located in the UK)
Sold :)
01 year ago (1 year ago)S1257
I would need a proxy for this correct?
A proxy or a package forwarding service. They accept paypal, but won't ship outside of Japan.
01 year agoErenJager meatloaf
(ext link) I would need a proxy for this correct? 1180yen at Suruguya:
01 year ago (1 year ago)S1257
1300yen at Suruguya: (ext link)
01 year agoLeosach Born this way
For those who are interested Rakuten 3,100: (ext link)
04 years agoCupcakez89 The quiet one
she's 1750 yen at CDJapan ^_^ (ext link) (but at the time of this there's only 2 left!)
05 years agobethykins
half price at hobby search!
(ext link)
05 years agoMeiko
PVC Nendo sister, where are u? T.T"
Plush Meiko is great, but why didn't they produce a PVC Nendo?
05 years agoJisu-chan
HLJ has her up for preorder now (ext link)
Just preordered mine!^^
Related Clubs (3)
- Nendo Lovers
7 years ago
- Bootleg Finders
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- Meiko
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