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The Monitoring of the Network Traffic Based On Queuing Theory and Simulation in Heterogeneous Network Environment
Seyed Hossein Kamali; Maysam Hedayati; Abdol Said Izadi; Hamid Reza Hoseiny
This paper evaluate and estimate the monitoring of the network traffic based on queuing theory in heterogeneous environment the monitoring of network traffic is necessary for evaluating of efficiency and confidence from constant operations of network which we discuss the performance and prediction of network traffic management and will give a suggestion for control the performance of work traffic based
A Queuing Theory and Systems Modeling Course Based on Unified Modeling Language (UML)
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Perdos, Athanasios; Stephanides, George; Chatzigeorgiou, Alexander
This paper presents the implementation of a new teaching method in the way that a queuing theory and systems modeling or simulation course can be done. It also presents how this method was evaluated by the teachers and the students that attended the course and answered a questionnaire. This course is based on the use of Unified Modeling Language (UML) as the mean to teach modeling of discrete event systems such as queues and networks and not on Mathematics that sometimes is too difficult for students to understand.
Optimising Wireless Network Control System Traffic - Using Queuing Theory
Alison Carrington; Chris Harding; Hongnian Yu
The network delay has a huge impact to the quality of a networked control system. This paper investigates modelling the network delay incurred by control system packets traversing a Mobile Ad Hoc Network from a plant to a controller using the queuing theory. Control systems can become unstable if information is lost or delayed so in this paper we compare
A cross layer approach based on queuing and adaptive modulation for MIMO systems
Azadeh Jafari; Abbas Mohammadi
A cross layer approach based on queuing and adaptive modulation for MIMO systems has been presented. To realize the system,\\u000a an adaptive modulation scheme using MIMO systems combined with finite-length queuing at the data link layer has been designed.\\u000a A finite state Markov chain for MIMO channels has been constructed to persue the queuing analysis. The packet loss rate, the
Team #32 Page 1 of 19 Modeling Toll Plaza Behavior Using Queuing Theory
Morrow, James A.
Team #32 Page 1 of 19 Modeling Toll Plaza Behavior Using Queuing Theory February 7, 2005 Abstract When a toll plaza is designed, choosing the right number of tollbooths is a critical issue to simplify traffic streams in a toll plaza, we break the travel process in a toll plaza into two stages: toll
SMAQ: a measurement-based tool for traffic modeling and queuing analysis. I. Design methodologies and software architecture
San-Qi Li; Sangkyu Park; Dogu Arifler
SMAQ is a measurement-based tool for integration of traffic modeling and queuing analysis. There are three basic components in SMAQ. In the design of the first component, statistic measurement, the most critical issues are to identify the important traffic statistics for queuing analysis in a finite buffer system and then to build a measurement structure to collect them. Our study
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS 1 A Virtual Queuing based Algorithm for Delays
Paris-Sud XI, Universitķ de
/Server Protocol, Switched Ethernet, Delays Evaluation, Virtual Queue I. INTRODUCTION OWADAYS, the industrialIEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS 1 A Virtual Queuing based Algorithm for Delays) is presented. Switched-Ethernet with Client/Server protocol is considered for communication. As a result
Modeling ad hoc network based on 802.11 DCF by queuing network analyzer
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhang, Wenbin; Zhang, Zhongzhao
In this paper, we present an analytic model for evaluating the average end-to-end delay and per-node throughput in an IEEE802.11MAC DCF based wireless network. By virtue of QNA and probability generation function, we model ad hoc network as open M/G/1 queuing networks and obtain the closed form expressions for average end-to-end delay. Simulations based on NS2 validate the accuracy of our model.
SMAQ: a measurement-based tool for traffic modeling and queuing analysis. II. Network applications
San-Qi Li; Sangkyu Park; Dogu Arifler
For pt. I see ibid. p.56-65 (1998). SMAQ is a measurement-based tool for integration of traffic modeling and queuing analysis. It can be used in a variety of network design areas. For instance, it can be used as a traffic generator to generate various traces for network testing. It also provides numerical solutions of the queue length and loss rate
Application of queuing theory to patient satisfaction at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria
Ameh, Nkeiruka; Sabo, B.; Oyefabi, M. O.
Background: Queuing theory is the mathematical approach to the analysis of waiting lines in any setting where arrival rate of subjects is faster than the system can handle. It is applicable to healthcare settings where the systems have excess capacity to accommodate random variations. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was done. Questionnaires were administered to patients who attended the general outpatient department. Observations were also made on the queuing model and the service discipline at the clinic. Questions were meant to obtain demographic characteristics and the time spent on the queue by patients before being seen by a doctor, time spent with the doctor, their views about the time spent on the queue and useful suggestions on how to reduce the time spent on the queue. A total of 210 patients were surveyed. Results: Majority of the patients (164, 78.1%) spent 2 h or less on the queue before being seen by a doctor and less than 1 h to see the doctor. Majority of the patients (144, 68.5%) were satisfied with the time they spent on the queue before being seen by a doctor. Useful suggestions proffered by the patients to decrease the time spent on the queue before seeing a doctor at the clinic included: that more doctors be employed (46, 21.9%), that doctors should come to work on time (25, 11.9%), that first-come-first served be observed strictly (32, 15.2%) and others suggested that the records staff should desist from collecting bribes from patients in order to place their cards before others. The queuing method employed at the clinic is the multiple single channel type and the service discipline is priority service. The patients who spent less time on the queue (<1 h) before seeing the doctor were more satisfied than those who spent more time (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The study has revealed that majority of the patients were satisfied with the practice at the general outpatient department. However, there is a need to employ measures to respond to the suggestions given by the patients who are the beneficiaries of the hospital services. PMID:23661902
T-Cell Activation: A Queuing Theory Analysis at Low Agonist Density
Wedagedera, J. R.; Burroughs, N. J.
We analyze a simple linear triggering model of the T-cell receptor (TCR) within the framework of queuing theory, in which TCRs enter the queue upon full activation and exit by downregulation. We fit our model to four experimentally characterized threshold activation criteria and analyze their specificity and sensitivity: the initial calcium spike, cytotoxicity, immunological synapse formation, and cytokine secretion. Specificity characteristics improve as the time window for detection increases, saturating for time periods on the timescale of downregulation; thus, the calcium spike (30 s) has low specificity but a sensitivity to single-peptide MHC ligands, while the cytokine threshold (1 h) can distinguish ligands with a 30% variation in the complex lifetime. However, a robustness analysis shows that these properties are degraded when the queue parameters are subject to variationŚfor example, under stochasticity in the ligand number in the cell-cell interface and population variation in the cellular threshold. A time integration of the queue over a period of hours is shown to be able to control parameter noise efficiently for realistic parameter values when integrated over sufficiently long time periods (hours), the discrimination characteristics being determined by the TCR signal cascade kinetics (a kinetic proofreading scheme). Therefore, through a combination of thresholds and signal integration, a T cell can be responsive to low ligand density and specific to agonist quality. We suggest that multiple threshold mechanisms are employed to establish the conditions for efficient signal integration, i.e., coordinate the formation of a stable contact interface. PMID:16766611
Effects of diversity and procrastination in priority queuing theory: The different power law regimes
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Saichev, A.; Sornette, D.
Empirical analyses show that after the update of a browser, or the publication of the vulnerability of a software, or the discovery of a cyber worm, the fraction of computers still using the older browser or software version, or not yet patched, or exhibiting worm activity decays as a power law ś1/t? with 0?1 over a time scale of years. We present a simple model for this persistence phenomenon, framed within the standard priority queuing theory, of a target task which has the lowest priority compared to all other tasks that flow on the computer of an individual. We identify a ōtime deficitö control parameter ? and a bifurcation to a regime where there is a nonzero probability for the target task to never be completed. The distribution of waiting time T until the completion of the target task has the power law tail ś1/t1/2 , resulting from a first-passage solution of an equivalent Wiener process. Taking into account a diversity of time deficit parameters in a population of individuals, the power law tail is changed into 1/t? , with ??(0.5,?) , including the well-known case 1/t . We also study the effect of ōprocrastination,ö defined as the situation in which the target task may be postponed or delayed even after the individual has solved all other pending tasks. This regime provides an explanation for even slower apparent decay and longer persistence.
Effects of diversity and procrastination in priority queuing theory: the different power law regimes.
Saichev, A; Sornette, D
Empirical analyses show that after the update of a browser, or the publication of the vulnerability of a software, or the discovery of a cyber worm, the fraction of computers still using the older browser or software version, or not yet patched, or exhibiting worm activity decays as a power law approximately 1/t(alpha) with 0
Queuing Theory Representation and Modeling of Spectrum Occupancy Employing Radio Frequency Measurements
Chittabrata Ghosh; Srikanth Pagadarai; Dharma P. Agrawal; Alexander M. Wyglinski
In this paper, we provide a new perspective for analyzing spectrum occupancy by introduced an M\\/M\\/1 queuing model to generate accurate temporal and frequency behavior of various wireless transmissions. Our proposed research builds upon existing concepts in the open literature in order to develop a more accurate time-varying spectrum occupancy model. This model can be employed by wireless researchers for
Excel-Based Simulation on Problems of Two-Stage Assembly Line Queuing
Qiao Xianxia; Tu Chuanqing
It is difficult to design mathematic models for the problems of assembly line queuing in the workshop, and simulation is usually made in the computer. But it requires that the researchers have high level of computer proficiency to build up a simulation model with a computer language. Taking Excel as a tool, we have established a simulation model for the
Capacity utilization study for aviation security cargo inspection queuing system
Glenn O. Allgood; Mohammed M. Olama; Joe E. Lake; Daryl L Brumback
In this paper, we conduct performance evaluation study for an aviation security cargo inspection queuing system for material flow and accountability. The queuing model employed in our study is based on discrete-event simulation and processes various types of cargo simultaneously. Onsite measurements are collected in an airport facility to validate the queuing model. The overall performance of the aviation security
This paper proposes a derivation of discrete-time queuing network analytical model based on dynamic random early drop (DRED) algorithm to manage and control congestion in early stages before it occurs, which is
Abstract This paper proposes a derivation of discrete-time queuing network analytical model based it occurs, which is referred to as the 3QN model. The proposed model consists of three interconnected queue queuing delay. In order to investigate and analyze the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed model
Modeling relief demands in an emergency supply chain system under large-scale disasters based on a queuing network.
He, Xinhua; Hu, Wenfa
This paper presents a multiple-rescue model for an emergency supply chain system under uncertainties in large-scale affected area of disasters. The proposed methodology takes into consideration that the rescue demands caused by a large-scale disaster are scattered in several locations; the servers are arranged in multiple echelons (resource depots, distribution centers, and rescue center sites) located in different places but are coordinated within one emergency supply chain system; depending on the types of rescue demands, one or more distinct servers dispatch emergency resources in different vehicle routes, and emergency rescue services queue in multiple rescue-demand locations. This emergency system is modeled as a minimal queuing response time model of location and allocation. A solution to this complex mathematical problem is developed based on genetic algorithm. Finally, a case study of an emergency supply chain system operating in Shanghai is discussed. The results demonstrate the robustness and applicability of the proposed model. PMID:24688367
A Priority-Based Weighted Fair Queuing Scheduler for Real-Time Network
Song Wang; Yu-chung Wang; Kwei-jay Lin
The weighted fair queueing (WFQ) scheduler has received much attention due to its nice properties of bandwidth guarantee and bounded delay. However, the queueing delay bound of a communication session is tightly coupled with the session's allocated share. To receive a low queueing delay, a session must reserve a high share. We study a new fair queueing algorithm called priority-based
Incentive Mechanisms for Priority Queuing Problems
Robert J. Dolan
We consider the development of an incentive mechanism to induce users of a service facility to reveal the parameters the system administrator requires to determine the optimal sequence of service to queued users. We first consider using the taxation procedure recently suggested for public goods, and then develop a more efficient mechanism based on marginal delay costs. We prove that
On a new generation of event scheduling algorithms and evaluation techniques for efficient simulation modelling of large scale cellular networks bandwidth management based on multitasking theory
P. M. a c Papazoglou; D.A.b Karras; R. C. c Papademetriou
There are many research efforts for improving bandwidth management in wireless communication systems based mainly on DCA (Dynamic Channel Allocation) Schemes designed and evaluated through various Simulation models which, however, use a common simulation model architecture coming from queuing theory. Although much attention has been paid to Channel Allocation Mechanisms there are few only efforts related to the corresponding simulation
ECE 476/576 Advanced Computer Networking Catalog Description: Covers advanced networking concepts -source/channel coding, queuing
- source/channel coding, queuing theory, router design, network architectures (Intserv, DiffServ, MPLSS-aware communications for IP networks Buffer management, scheduling policies, fairness, and queuing principles (optional) Wireless Communications and Networks, 2nd Edition, by W. Stallings, Prentice Hall, 2005
Scheduling in HPC Resource Management Systems: Queuing vs. Planning
Matthias Hovestadt; Odej Kao; Axel Keller; Achim Streit
Nearly all existing HPC systems are operated by resource management systems based on the queuing approach. With the increas- ing acceptance of grid middleware like Globus, new requirements for the underlying local resource management systems arise. Features like ad- vanced reservation or quality of service are needed to implement high level functions like co-allocation. However it is dicult to realize
Capacity utilization study for aviation security cargo inspection queuing system
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Allgood, Glenn O.; Olama, Mohammed M.; Lake, Joe E.; Brumback, Daryl
In this paper, we conduct performance evaluation study for an aviation security cargo inspection queuing system for material flow and accountability. The queuing model employed in our study is based on discrete-event simulation and processes various types of cargo simultaneously. Onsite measurements are collected in an airport facility to validate the queuing model. The overall performance of the aviation security cargo inspection system is computed, analyzed, and optimized for the different system dynamics. Various performance measures are considered such as system capacity, residual capacity, throughput, capacity utilization, subscribed capacity utilization, resources capacity utilization, subscribed resources capacity utilization, and number of cargo pieces (or pallets) in the different queues. These metrics are performance indicators of the system's ability to service current needs and response capacity to additional requests. We studied and analyzed different scenarios by changing various model parameters such as number of pieces per pallet, number of TSA inspectors and ATS personnel, number of forklifts, number of explosives trace detection (ETD) and explosives detection system (EDS) inspection machines, inspection modality distribution, alarm rate, and cargo closeout time. The increased physical understanding resulting from execution of the queuing model utilizing these vetted performance measures should reduce the overall cost and shipping delays associated with new inspection requirements.
Capacity Utilization Study for Aviation Security Cargo Inspection Queuing System
Allgood, Glenn O [ORNL; Olama, Mohammed M [ORNL; Lake, Joe E [ORNL; Brumback, Daryl L [ORNL
In this paper, we conduct performance evaluation study for an aviation security cargo inspection queuing system for material flow and accountability. The queuing model employed in our study is based on discrete-event simulation and processes various types of cargo simultaneously. Onsite measurements are collected in an airport facility to validate the queuing model. The overall performance of the aviation security cargo inspection system is computed, analyzed, and optimized for the different system dynamics. Various performance measures are considered such as system capacity, residual capacity, throughput, capacity utilization, subscribed capacity utilization, resources capacity utilization, subscribed resources capacity utilization, and number of cargo pieces (or pallets) in the different queues. These metrics are performance indicators of the system s ability to service current needs and response capacity to additional requests. We studied and analyzed different scenarios by changing various model parameters such as number of pieces per pallet, number of TSA inspectors and ATS personnel, number of forklifts, number of explosives trace detection (ETD) and explosives detection system (EDS) inspection machines, inspection modality distribution, alarm rate, and cargo closeout time. The increased physical understanding resulting from execution of the queuing model utilizing these vetted performance measures should reduce the overall cost and shipping delays associated with new inspection requirements.
Analysis of real-time communication system with queuing priority
Yunbo Wu; Zhishu Li; Zhihua Chen; Yunhai Wu; Li Wang; Tun Lu
In this paper, we discuss the real-time issue related to QoS requirements in a communication system, which consists of several sensors and one central control unit. In order to guarantee real-time requirement and fairness among sensors, a polling mechanism with queuing priority is applied in it. By means of the imbedded Markov chain theory and generating function method, mean queue
A low jitter scheduling scheme for Combined-Input-Crosspoint-queued switch
Ning Xu; Xueshun Wang
In this paper, we study the low jitter scheduling problem for the Combined-Input-Crosspoint-queued(CICQ) switches. Considering the existing low jitter scheduling schemes for Input-Queued Switches and the features of CICQ switch structure, we proposed our low jitter scheduling scheme based on traffic decomposition and low jitter remove and insert operation for CICQ switch architectures. Simulation results show that our scheme can
Network Queuing System, Version 2.0
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Walter, Howard; Bridges, Mike; Carver, Terrie; Kingsbury, Brent
Network Queuing System (NQS) computer program is versatile batch- and device-queuing facility for single UNIX computer or group of computers in network. User invokes NQS collection of user-space programs to move batch and device jobs freely among different computers in network. Provides facilities for remote queuing, request routing, remote status, queue-status controls, batch-request resource quota limits, and remote output return. Revision of NQS provides for creation, deletion, addition, and setting of complexes aiding in limiting number of requests handled at one time. Also has improved device-oriented queues along with some revision of displays. Written in C language.
Application of queuing model in Dubai's busiest megaplex
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Bhagchandani, Maneesha; Bajpai, Priti
This paper provides a study and analysis of the extremely busy booking counters at the Megaplex in Dubai using the queuing model and simulation. Dubai is an emirate in UAE with a multicultural population. Majority of the population in Dubai is foreign born. Cinema is one of the major forms of entertainment. There are more than 13 megaplexes each with a number of screens ranging from 3 to 22. They screen movies in English, Arabic, Hindi and other languages. It has been observed that during the weekends megaplexes attract a large number of crowd resulting in long queues at the booking counters. One of the busiest megaplex was selected for the study. Queuing theory satisfies the model when tested in real time situation. The concepts of arrival rate, service rate, utilization rate, waiting time in the system, average number of people in the queue, using Little's Theorem and M/M/s queuing model along with simulation software have been used to suggest an empirical solution. The aim of the paper is twofold-To assess the present situation at the Megaplex and give recommendations to optimize the use of booking counters.
Modeling Patient Flows Using a Queuing Network with Blocking
The downsizing and closing of state mental health institutions in Philadelphia in the 1990Æs led to the development of a continuum care network of residential-based services. Although the diversity of care settings increased, congestion in facilities caused many patients to unnecessarily spend extra days in intensive facilities. This study applies a queuing network system with blocking to analyze such congestion processes. ōBlockingö denotes situations where patients are turned away from accommodations to which they are referred, and are thus forced to remain in their present facilities until space becomes available. Both mathematical and simulation results are presented and compared. Although queuing models have been used in numerous healthcare studies, the inclusion of blocking is still rare. We found that, in Philadelphia, the shortage of a particular type of facilities may have created ōupstream blockingö. Thus removal of such facility-specific bottlenecks may be the most efficient way to reduce congestion in the system as a whole. PMID:15782512
A Study on Differentiated Service Queuing Scheme with an Overflow Buffer Allocation Within a UMTS Core Network
Chen-Hua Fu
According to the QoS features of the four types of UMTS traffic, this study proposes a priority-based queuing scheme to support\\u000a differentiated services among all UMTS traffic; it bases on packet transmission priorities of four types of UMTS traffic to\\u000a handle packets forwarding in a gateway within a UMTS core network. In the proposed queuing scheme, a static dedicated logical
Is Your Queuing System ADA-Compliant?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lawrence, David
Discusses the Americans with Disabilities (ADA) and Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards (UFAS) regulations regarding public facilities' crowd control stanchions and queuing systems. The major elements are protruding objects and wheelchair accessibility. Describes how to maintain compliance with the regulations and offers a list of additionalģ
A Queuing Network Model for Book Circulation
Jon Warwick
This paper describes a model that assesses the effect of the loan period, duplication policy and user borrowing capacity on the circulation of recommended texts in an academic library. The model uses the framework of a closed central server queuing network to describe how books move from a queue representing the library to others representing the users. The paper demonstrates
Improving hospital bed occupancy and resource utilization through queuing modeling and evolutionary computation.
Belciug, Smaranda; Gorunescu, Florin
Scarce healthcare resources require carefully made policies ensuring optimal bed allocation, quality healthcare service, and adequate financial support. This paper proposes a complex analysis of the resource allocation in a hospital department by integrating in the same framework a queuing system, a compartmental model, and an evolutionary-based optimization. The queuing system shapes the flow of patients through the hospital, the compartmental model offers a feasible structure of the hospital department in accordance to the queuing characteristics, and the evolutionary paradigm provides the means to optimize the bed-occupancy management and the resource utilization using a genetic algorithm approach. The paper also focuses on a "What-if analysis" providing a flexible tool to explore the effects on the outcomes of the queuing system and resource utilization through systematic changes in the input parameters. The methodology was illustrated using a simulation based on real data collected from a geriatric department of a hospital from London, UK. In addition, the paper explores the possibility of adapting the methodology to different medical departments (surgery, stroke, and mental illness). Moreover, the paper also focuses on the practical use of the model from the healthcare point of view, by presenting a simulated application. PMID:25433363
Fair-Queued Ethernet for Medical Applications
Stephan P÷hlsen; Frank Franz; Kai K³ck; J÷rg-uwe Meyer; Christian Werner
Ethernet is becoming an accepted standard for more and more medical applications. It is a best-effort network standard without any transmission guarantees. However, in medical applications real-time transmission guarantees are getting more and more important.In this paper we discuss typical performance bottlenecks in medical networks and present an easy to implement solution to this problem. A fair-queued Ethernet switch with
Economics on the optimal port queuing pricing to bulk ships
Chen-Hsiu Laih; Kuan-Yu Chen
This article develops the optimal single step toll scheme which is levied to bulk ships for a queuing port. Bulk shipsÆ arrival times at the port will be rationally dispersed after pricing this toll scheme. Consequently, the queuing time at the anchorage to all bulk ships will be rationally decreased. This article shows bulk shipsÆ equilibrium arrival rate distributions during
Distributed Queuing or Distributed Priority Queuing? On the Design of Cache-Coherence Protocols for Distributed Transactional Memory
Ravindran, Binoy
Distributed Queuing or Distributed Priority Queuing? On the Design of Cache-Coherence Protocols for Distributed Transactional Memory Bo Zhang ECE Dept., Virginia Tech Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA email@example.com Binoy Ravindran ECE Dept., Virginia Tech Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA email@example.com Abstract Distributed
Some queuing network models of computer systems
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Herndon, E. S.
Queuing network models of a computer system operating with a single workload type are presented. Program algorithms are adapted for use on the Texas Instruments SR-52 programmable calculator. By slightly altering the algorithm to process the G and H matrices row by row instead of column by column, six devices and an unlimited job/terminal population could be handled on the SR-52. Techniques are also introduced for handling a simple load dependent server and for studying interactive systems with fixed multiprogramming limits.
Density profiles of the exclusive queuing process
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Arita, Chikashi; Schadschneider, Andreas
The exclusive queuing process (EQP) incorporates the exclusion principle into classic queuing models. It is characterized by, in addition to the entrance probability ? and exit probability ?, a third parameter: the hopping probability p. The EQP can be interpreted as an exclusion process of variable system length. Its phase diagram in the parameter space (?,?) is divided into a convergent phase and a divergent phase by a critical line which consists of a curved part and a straight part. Here we extend previous studies of this phase diagram. We identify subphases in the divergent phase, which can be distinguished by means of the shape of the density profile, and determine the velocity of the system length growth. This is done for EQPs with different update rules (parallel, backward sequential and continuous time). We also investigate the dynamics of the system length and the number of customers on the critical line. They are diffusive or subdiffusive with non-universal exponents that also depend on the update rules.
A queuing model with random interruptions for electric vehicle charging systems
Seung Jun Baek; Daehee Kim; Seong-Jun Oh; Jong-Arm Jun
We consider a queuing model with applications to electric vehicle (EV) charging systems in smart grids. We adopt a scheme where Electric Service Company (ESCo) broadcasts one bit signal to consumers indicating on-peak periods for the grid. EVs randomly suspend\\/resume charging based on the signal. To model the dynamics of the population of EVs we analyze an M\\/M\\/ļ queue with
A multi-agent queuing model for resource allocations in a non-cooperative game
Pinata Winoto; Tiffany Ya Tang
In this paper, we investigate a multi-agent non-cooperative game for resource allocations based on an M\\/D\\/1 queuing model. Specifically, agents with common goals to maximize individual utility are deployed to compete with each other to bid or bribe for quicker service provided by the server. Agents choose from one of three available strategies: random strategy, Nash equilibrium strategy and linear
Queuing network approach for building evacuation planning
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ishak, Nurhanis; Khalid, Ruzelan; Baten, Md. Azizul; Nawawi, Mohd. Kamal Mohd.
The complex behavior of pedestrians in a limited space layout can explicitly be modeled using an M/G/C/C state dependent queuing network. This paper implements the approach to study pedestrian flows through various corridors in a topological network. The best arrival rates and their impacts to the corridors' performances in terms of the throughput, blocking probability, expected number of occupants in the system and expected travel time were first measured using the M/G/C/C analytical model. These best arrival rates were then fed to its Network Flow Programming model to find the best arrival rates to source corridors and routes optimizing the network's total throughput. The analytical results were then validated using a simulation model. Various results of this study can be used to support the current Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) to efficiently and safely evacuate people in emergency cases.
Improved iteration strategy of game-based channel allocation method for cognitive wireless network
Jun Liu; Xiufeng Xie
Based on queuing theory and game analysis, a distributed channel allocation algorithm for secondary users in cognitive wireless networks is proposed. Compared with prior works, the first contribution in this paper is the iterative process with dynamic adjustment step. In traditional strategy adjustment algorithm, the adjustment step is set as fixed, this may cause the periodic oscillation. Another contribution is
Otto Lee; Hon Wai Chun
This paper describes our research in developing an intelligent simulation system by enhancing an object-oriented simulator with a rule-based expert system. Designing and implementing a simulation model for a particular problem requires extensive expertise in simulation techniques, computer languages and queuing theory. However, those who would like to use simulation to assist their decision making might not always be technically
Study of the Security Mechanism for Packet Radio Network Based on MIL-STD 188-220C
Gao Fei; Zhi Ruxin; Yang Jie
In this paper, the security mechanism of the digital packet radio protocol MIL-STD 188-220C is discussed. Based on an important DAP-NAD algorithm for channel access priority mechanism, an attack algorithm is proposed and analyzed using queuing theory. Related simulations have done to evaluate the performance of the protocol and verify the feasibility of the attack strategies.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Walter, H.
The Network Queuing System, NQS, is a versatile batch and device queuing facility for a single Unix computer or a group of networked computers. With the Unix operating system as a common interface, the user can invoke the NQS collection of user-space programs to move batch and device jobs freely around the different computer hardware tied into the network. NQS provides facilities for remote queuing, request routing, remote status, queue status controls, batch request resource quota limits, and remote output return. This program was developed as part of an effort aimed at tying together diverse UNIX based machines into NASA's Numerical Aerodynamic Simulator Processing System Network. This revision of NQS allows for creating, deleting, adding and setting of complexes that aid in limiting the number of requests to be handled at one time. It also has improved device-oriented queues along with some revision of the displays. NQS was designed to meet the following goals: 1) Provide for the full support of both batch and device requests. 2) Support all of the resource quotas enforceable by the underlying UNIX kernel implementation that are relevant to any particular batch request and its corresponding batch queue. 3) Support remote queuing and routing of batch and device requests throughout the NQS network. 4) Support queue access restrictions through user and group access lists for all queues. 5) Enable networked output return of both output and error files to possibly remote machines. 6) Allow mapping of accounts across machine boundaries. 7) Provide friendly configuration and modification mechanisms for each installation. 8) Support status operations across the network, without requiring a user to log in on remote target machines. 9) Provide for file staging or copying of files for movement to the actual execution machine. To support batch and device requests, NQS v.2 implements three queue types--batch, device and pipe. Batch queues hold and prioritize batch requests; device queues hold and prioritize device requests; pipe queues transport both batch and device requests to other batch, device, or pipe queues at local or remote machines. Unique to batch queues are resource quota limits that restrict the amounts of different resources that a batch request can consume during execution. Unique to each device queue is a set of one or more devices, such as a line printer, to which requests can be sent for execution. Pipe queues have associated destinations to which they route and deliver requests. If the proper destination machine is down or unreachable, pipe queues are able to requeue the request and deliver it later when the destination is available. All NQS network conversations are performed using the Berkeley socket mechanism as ported into the respective vendor kernels. NQS is written in C language. The generic UNIX version (ARC-13179) has been successfully implemented on a variety of UNIX platforms, including Sun3 and Sun4 series computers, SGI IRIS computers running IRIX 3.3, DEC computers running ULTRIX 4.1, AMDAHL computers running UTS 1.3 and 2.1, platforms running BSD 4.3 UNIX. The IBM RS/6000 AIX version (COS-10042) is a vendor port. NQS 2.0 will also communicate with the Cray Research, Inc. and Convex, Inc. versions of NQS. The standard distribution medium for either machine version of NQS 2.0 is a 60Mb, QIC-24, .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. Upon request the generic UNIX version (ARC-13179) can be provided in UNIX tar format on alternate media. Please contact COSMIC to discuss the availability and cost of media to meet your specific needs. An electronic copy of the NQS 2.0 documentation is included on the program media. NQS 2.0 was released in 1991. The IBM RS/6000 port of NQS was developed in 1992. IRIX is a trademark of Silicon Graphics Inc. IRIS is a registered trademark of Silicon Graphics Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark of UNIX System Laboratories Inc. Sun3 and Sun4 are trademarks of Sun Microsystems Inc. DEC and ULTRIX are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation.
The Incremental Deployability of Core-Stateless Fair Queuing
Yannick Blanpain; Hung-yun Hsieh; Raghupathy Sivakumar
In this paper, we study the incremental deployability of the Core- Stateless Fair Queuing (CSFQ) approach to provide fair rate allocations in back- bone networks. We define incremental deployability as the ability of the approach to gracefully provide increasingly better quality of service with each additional QoS-aware router deployed in the network. We use the ns2 network simulator for the
FIFO Queuing of Constant Length Fully Synchronous Jobs
Louchard, Guy
FIFO Queuing of Constant Length Fully Synchronous Jobs Vandy Berten, Raymond Devillers and Guy synchronous parallel jobs are submitted. In order to simplify the analysis, we assume constant length jobs In a (computational) Grid, clients submit their jobs to a job broker, who sends them to well chosen computing elements
Queuing analysis of dynamic resource allocation for virtual routers
Paris-Sud XI, Universitķ de
Queuing analysis of dynamic resource allocation for virtual routers M. Said Seddiki , Bilel Nefzi routers in order to allow an adaptive change in the resource allocation. In this paper, we focus on the router data plane virtualization and we explore this issue by presenting a new dynamic allocation
Scheduling algorithms for input-queued IP routers
Giaccone, Paolo
1 1 Scheduling algorithms for input-queued IP routers Andrea Bianco Paolo Giaccone Gruppo Reti di Architectures 2011/12 2 Outline IP routers OQ routers IQ routers Scheduling Optimal algorithms Heuristic algorithms Packet-mode algorithms Networks of routers QoS support CIOQ routers Multicast traffic Conclusions
SHARED MEMORY PARALLEL REGENERATIVE QUEUING NETWORK Panajotis Katsaros
Katsaros, Panagiotis
SHARED MEMORY PARALLEL REGENERATIVE QUEUING NETWORK SIMULATION Panajotis Katsaros Constantine Lazos simulations. The simulation results are statistically processed, by applying the classical regenerative method'' of the time intervals, match each other. In this sense, the regenerative method provides a safe way
Priority Queuing Models for Hospital Intensive Care Units and Impacts to Severe Case Patients
Hagen, Matthew S.; Jopling, Jeffrey K; Buchman, Timothy G; Lee, Eva K.
This paper examines several different queuing models for intensive care units (ICU) and the effects on wait times, utilization, return rates, mortalities, and number of patients served. Five separate intensive care units at an urban hospital are analyzed and distributions are fitted for arrivals and service durations. A system-based simulation model is built to capture all possible cases of patient flow after ICU admission. These include mortalities and returns before and after hospital exits. Patients are grouped into 9 different classes that are categorized by severity and length of stay (LOS). Each queuing model varies by the policies that are permitted and by the order the patients are admitted. The first set of models does not prioritize patients, but examines the advantages of smoothing the operating schedule for elective surgeries. The second set analyzes the differences between prioritizing admissions by expected LOS or patient severity. The last set permits early ICU discharges and conservative and aggressive bumping policies are contrasted. It was found that prioritizing patients by severity considerably reduced delays for critical cases, but also increased the average waiting time for all patients. Aggressive bumping significantly raised the return and mortality rates, but more conservative methods balance quality and efficiency with lowered wait times without serious consequences. PMID:24551379
Based on Regular Expression Matching of Evaluation of the Task Performance in WSN: A Queue Theory Approach
Cui, Kai; Zhou, Kuanjiu; Yu, Yanshuo
Due to the limited resources of wireless sensor network, low efficiency of real-time communication scheduling, poor safety defects, and so forth, a queuing performance evaluation approach based on regular expression match is proposed, which is a method that consists of matching preprocessing phase, validation phase, and queuing model of performance evaluation phase. Firstly, the subset of related sequence is generated in preprocessing phase, guiding the validation phase distributed matching. Secondly, in the validation phase, the subset of features clustering, the compressed matching table is more convenient for distributed parallel matching. Finally, based on the queuing model, the sensor networks of task scheduling dynamic performance are evaluated. Experiments show that our approach ensures accurate matching and computational efficiency of more than 70%; it not only effectively detects data packets and access control, but also uses queuing method to determine the parameters of task scheduling in wireless sensor networks. The method for medium scale or large scale distributed wireless node has a good applicability. PMID:25401151
Model-based Theory Combination
Leonardo Mendonńa De Moura; Nikolaj Bj°rner
Traditional methods for combining theory solvers rely on capabilities of the solvers to produce all implied equalities or a pre-processing step that introduces additional literals into the search space. This paper introduces a combination method that incrementally reconciles models maintained by each theory. We evaluate the practicality and eciency of this approach.
A theory of case-based decisions
Itzhak Gilboa; David Schmeidler
Gilboa and Schmeidler provide a paradigm for modelling decision making under uncertainty. Unlike the classical theory of expected utility maximization, case-based decision theory does not assume that decision makers know the possible 'states of the world' or the outcomes, let alone the decision matrix attaching outcomes to act-state pairs. Case-based decision theory suggests that people make decisions by analogies to
Queuing Network Modeling of the Psychological Refractory Period (PRP) Changxu Wu and Yili Liu
Liu, Yili
Queuing Network Modeling of the Psychological Refractory Period (PRP) Changxu Wu and Yili Liu University of Michigan The psychological refractory period (PRP) is a basic but important form of dual and multitask performance. Keywords: psychological refractory period (PRP), cognitive architecture, queuing
Scheduling Architectures for DiffServ Networks with Input Queuing , Henry Selvaraj
Yang, Mei
1 Scheduling Architectures for DiffServ Networks with Input Queuing Switches Mei Yang , Henry, the differentiated services (DiffServ) model is expected to be widely deployed across wired and wireless networks. Though DiffServ supporting scheduling algorithms for output- queuing (OQ) switches have been widely
The affects of different queuing disciplines over FTP, video and VoIP performance
Mitko Gospodinov
The objective of the paper is presentation of research the affects of different queuing disciplines on packet delivery for three applications: FTP, Video and VoIP. For modelling, simulation and analysing on these applications is used OPNET (Optimised Network Engineering Tool) environment. In the paper is investigated how the choice of the queuing discipline can affect the applications and utilization of
Queuing with adaptive modulation and coding over wireless links: cross-Layer analysis and design
Qingwen Liu; Shengli Zhou; Georgios B. Giannakis
Assuming there are always sufficient data waiting to be transmitted, adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) schemes at the physical layer have been traditionally designed separately from higher layers. However, this assumption is not always valid when queuing effects are taken into account at the data link layer. In this paper, we analyze the joint effects of finite-length queuing and AMC
NAS Requirements Checklist for Job Queuing/Scheduling Software
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Jones, James Patton
The increasing reliability of parallel systems and clusters of computers has resulted in these systems becoming more attractive for true production workloads. Today, the primary obstacle to production use of clusters of computers is the lack of a functional and robust Job Management System for parallel applications. This document provides a checklist of NAS requirements for job queuing and scheduling in order to make most efficient use of parallel systems and clusters for parallel applications. Future requirements are also identified to assist software vendors with design planning.
Modeling multi-lane traffic flow with queuing effects
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Helbing, Dirk
On the basis of assumptions about the behavior of driver-vehicle units concerning acceleration, deceleration, overtaking, and lane-changing maneuvers, a gas-kinetic traffic model for unidirectional multi-lane freeways is constructed. Queuing effects are explicitly taken into account in an overall manner. The resulting model is a generalization of Paveri-Fontana's Boltzmann-like traffic model and allows the derivation of macroscopic traffic equations for interacting lanes, including velocity equations. The related effective macroscopic traffic model for the total free-way cross-section is also derived. It provides corrections with respect to previous traffic models, but agrees with them in special cases.
Analysis of Quality of Service Performances of Connection Admission Control Mechanisms in OFDMA IEEE 802.16 Network using BMAP Queuing
Bouchti, Abdelali El; Kafhali, Said El
In this paper, we consider a single-cell IEEE 802.16 environment in which the base station allocates subchannels to the subscriber stations in its coverage area. The subchannels allocated to a subscriber station are shared by multiple connections at that subscriber station. To ensure the Quality of Service (QoS) performances, two Connection Admission Control (CAC) mechanisms, namely, threshold-based and queue-aware CAC mechanisms are considered at a subscriber station. A queuing analytical framework for these admission control mechanisms is presented considering Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) based transmission at the physical layer. Then, based on the queuing model, both the connection-level and the packet-level performances are studied and compared with their analogues in the case without CAC. The connection arrival is modeled by a Poisson process and the packet arrival for a connection by Batch Markov Arrival Process (BMAP). We determine analytically and numerically different QoS per...
Vocation in theology-based nursing theories.
Lundmark, Mikael
By using the concepts of intrinsicality/extrinsicality as analytic tools, the theology-based nursing theories of Ann Bradshaw and Katie Eriksson are analyzed regarding their explicit and/or implicit understanding of vocation as a motivational factor for nursing. The results show that both theories view intrinsic values as guarantees against reducing nursing practice to mechanistic applications of techniques and as being a way of reinforcing a high ethical standard. The theories explicitly (Bradshaw) or implicitly (Eriksson) advocate a vocational understanding of nursing as being essential for nursing theories. Eriksson's theory has a potential for conceptualizing an understanding of extrinsic and intrinsic motivational factors for nursing but one weakness in the theory could be the risk of slipping over to moral judgments where intrinsic factors are valued as being superior to extrinsic. Bradshaw's theory is more complex and explicit in understanding the concept of vocation and is theologically more plausible, although also more confessional. PMID:17901187
Design and development of cell queuing, processing, and scheduling modules for the iPOINT input-buffered ATM testbed
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Duan, Haoran
This dissertation presents the concepts, principles, performance, and implementation of input queuing and cell-scheduling modules for the Illinois Pulsar-based Optical INTerconnect (iPOINT) input-buffered Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) testbed. Input queuing (IQ) ATM switches are well suited to meet the requirements of current and future ultra-broadband ATM networks. The IQ structure imposes minimum memory bandwidth requirements for cell buffering, tolerates bursty traffic, and utilizes memory efficiently for multicast traffic. The lack of efficient cell queuing and scheduling solutions has been a major barrier to build high-performance, scalable IQ-based ATM switches. This dissertation proposes a new Three-Dimensional Queue (3DQ) and a novel Matrix Unit Cell Scheduler (MUCS) to remove this barrier. 3DQ uses a linked-list architecture based on Synchronous Random Access Memory (SRAM) to combine the individual advantages of per-virtual-circuit (per-VC) queuing, priority queuing, and N-destination queuing. It avoids Head of Line (HOL) blocking and provides per-VC Quality of Service (QoS) enforcement mechanisms. Computer simulation results verify the QoS capabilities of 3DQ. For multicast traffic, 3DQ provides efficient usage of cell buffering memory by storing multicast cells only once. Further, the multicast mechanism of 3DQ prevents a congested destination port from blocking other less- loaded ports. The 3DQ principle has been prototyped in the Illinois Input Queue (iiQueue) module. Using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) devices, SRAM modules, and integrated on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), iiQueue can process incoming traffic at 800 Mb/s. Using faster circuit technology, the same design is expected to operate at the OC-48 rate (2.5 Gb/s). MUCS resolves the output contention by evaluating the weight index of each candidate and selecting the heaviest. It achieves near-optimal scheduling and has a very short response time. The algorithm originates from a heuristic strategy that leads to 'socially optimal' solutions, yielding a maximum number of contention-free cells being scheduled. A novel mixed digital-analog circuit has been designed to implement the MUCS core functionality. The MUCS circuit maps the cell scheduling computation to the capacitor charging and discharging procedures that are conducted fully in parallel. The design has a uniform circuit structure, low interconnect counts, and low chip I/O counts. Using 2 ?m CMOS technology, the design operates on a 100 MHz clock and finds a near-optimal solution within a linear processing time. The circuit has been verified at the transistor level by HSPICE simulation. During this research, a five-port IQ-based optoelectronic iPOINT ATM switch has been developed and demonstrated. It has been fully functional with an aggregate throughput of 800 Mb/s. The second-generation IQ-based switch is currently under development. Equipped with iiQueue modules and MUCS module, the new switch system will deliver a multi-gigabit aggregate throughput, eliminate HOL blocking, provide per-VC QoS, and achieve near-100% link bandwidth utilization. Complete documentation of input modules and trunk module for the existing testbed, and complete documentation of 3DQ, iiQueue, and MUCS for the second-generation testbed are given in this dissertation.
Social queuing in animal societies: a dynamic model of reproductive skew
Kokko, H.; Johnstone, R. A.
Previously developed models of reproductive skew have overlooked one of the main reasons why subordinates might remain in a group despite restricted opportunities to breed: the possibility of social queuing, i.e. acquiring dominant status in the future. Here, we present a dynamic ESS model of skew in animal societies that incorporates both immediate and future fitness consequences of the decisions taken by group members, based on their probability of surviving from one season to the next (when post-breeding survival probabilities drop to zero, our analysis reduces to the model produced by Reeve and Ratnieks in 1993, which considered only a single breeding season). This allows us to compare the delayed benefits of philopatry and the immediate opportunities for independent breeding. We show that delayed benefits greatly reduce the need for dominants to offer reproductive concessions to retain subordinates peacefully in the group. Moreover, this effect is strong enough that differences in survival have a much greater impact on the group structure than differences in other parameters, such as relatedness. When the possibility of acceding to dominant status is taken into account, groups where the dominant completely monopolizes reproduction can be stable, even if they consist of unrelated individuals, and even if subordinates have a reasonably high probability of winning a fight for dominance. Finally, we show that stable groups are possible even if association leads to a decrease in current productivity. Subordinates may still stand to gain from group membership under these circumstances, as acquiring breeding positions by queuing may be more efficient than the attempt to establish a new territory. At the same time, the dominant may be unable to exclude unwelcome subordinates, may enjoy increased survival when they are present, or may gain indirect benefits from allowing relatives to stay and queue for dominance. We conclude that reproductive skew in animal groups, ranging from eusocial insect colonies to mating aggregations (leks), will be strongly influenced by the future prospects of group members.
Itzhak Gilboa; David Schmeidler
This paper suggests that decision-making under uncertainty is, at least partly, case-based. The authors propose a model in which cases are primitive and provide a simple axiomatization of a decision rule that chooses a 'best' act based on its past performance in similar cases. Each act is evaluated by the sum of the utility levels that resulted from using this
Quantum field theory based on birefringent modified Maxwell theory
M. Schreck
In the current paper the properties of a birefringent Lorentz-violating extension of quantum electrodynamics is considered. The theory results from coupling modified Maxwell theory, which is a CPT-even Lorentz-violating extension of the photon sector, to a Dirac theory of standard spin-1/2 particles. It is then restricted to a special birefringent case with one nonzero Lorentz-violating coefficient. The modified dispersion laws of electromagnetic waves are obtained plus their phase and group velocities are considered. After deriving the photon propagator and the polarization vectors for a special momentum configuration we prove both unitarity at tree-level and microcausality for the quantum field theory based on this Lorentz-violating modification. These analytical proofs are done for a spatial momentum with two vanishing components and the proof of unitarity is supported by numerical investigations in case all components are nonvanishing. The upshot is that the theory is well-behaved within the framework of our assumptions where there is a possible issue for negative Lorentz-violating coefficients. The paper shall provide a basis for the future analysis of alternative birefringent quantum field theories.
Second Evaluation of Job Queuing/Scheduling Software. Phase 1
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Jones, James Patton; Brickell, Cristy; Chancellor, Marisa (Technical Monitor)
The recent proliferation of high performance workstations and the increased reliability of parallel systems have illustrated the need for robust job management systems to support parallel applications. To address this issue, NAS compiled a requirements checklist for job queuing/scheduling software. Next, NAS evaluated the leading job management system (JMS) software packages against the checklist. A year has now elapsed since the first comparison was published, and NAS has repeated the evaluation. This report describes this second evaluation, and presents the results of Phase 1: Capabilities versus Requirements. We show that JMS support for running parallel applications on clusters of workstations and parallel systems is still lacking, however, definite progress has been made by the vendors to correct the deficiencies. This report is supplemented by a WWW interface to the data collected, to aid other sites in extracting the evaluation information on specific requirements of interest.
Evaluation of Job Queuing/Scheduling Software: Phase I Report
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Jones, James Patton
The recent proliferation of high performance work stations and the increased reliability of parallel systems have illustrated the need for robust job management systems to support parallel applications. To address this issue, the national Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS) supercomputer facility compiled a requirements checklist for job queuing/scheduling software. Next, NAS began an evaluation of the leading job management system (JMS) software packages against the checklist. This report describes the three-phase evaluation process, and presents the results of Phase 1: Capabilities versus Requirements. We show that JMS support for running parallel applications on clusters of workstations and parallel systems is still insufficient, even in the leading JMS's. However, by ranking each JMS evaluated against the requirements, we provide data that will be useful to other sites in selecting a JMS.
Analysis of iSLIP scheduling algorithm for input-queuing switches
Mitko Gospodinov; Evgeniya Gospodinova
The paper presents one of the most up-to-date iSLIP (iterative round robin matching with slip) algorithms for configuration and scheduling input-queuing switch fabrics. The aim of the paper is research the performance of the algorithm regarding cell delay in the queues depending on the load for input-queuing switches with 4, 8, 16 and 32 ports. The advantage of the algorithm
Jigsaw Cooperative Learning: Acid-Base Theories
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tarhan, Leman; Sesen, Burcin Acar
This study focused on investigating the effectiveness of jigsaw cooperative learning instruction on first-year undergraduates' understanding of acid-base theories. Undergraduates' opinions about jigsaw cooperative learning instruction were also investigated. The participants of this study were 38 first-year undergraduates in chemistry educationģ
A complexity theory based on Boolean algebra
Sven Skyum; Leslie G. Valiant
A projection of a Boolean function is a function obtained by substituting for each of its variables a variable, the negation of a variable, or a constant. Reducibilities among computational problems under this relation of projection are considered. It is shown that much of what is of everyday relevance in Turing-machine-based complexity theory can be replicated easily and naturally in
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY, VOL. 52, NO. 11, NOVEMBER 2006 5111 [10] S. A. Borbash, "Design Considerations in Wireless Sensor Networks,"
Prabhakar, Balaji
of this paper, the optimal throughputŁdelay tradeoff for static wireless networks was shown to be , where results from queuing theory for continuous-time networks. Index Terms--Product form equilibrium, queuing, "Design Considerations in Wireless Sensor Networks," Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Maryland, College Park, MD
Spectrally queued feature selection for robotic visual odometery
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Pirozzo, David M.; Frederick, Philip A.; Hunt, Shawn; Theisen, Bernard; Del Rose, Mike
Over the last two decades, research in Unmanned Vehicles (UV) has rapidly progressed and become more influenced by the field of biological sciences. Researchers have been investigating mechanical aspects of varying species to improve UV air and ground intrinsic mobility, they have been exploring the computational aspects of the brain for the development of pattern recognition and decision algorithms and they have been exploring perception capabilities of numerous animals and insects. This paper describes a 3 month exploratory applied research effort performed at the US ARMY Research, Development and Engineering Command's (RDECOM) Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC) in the area of biologically inspired spectrally augmented feature selection for robotic visual odometry. The motivation for this applied research was to develop a feasibility analysis on multi-spectrally queued feature selection, with improved temporal stability, for the purposes of visual odometry. The intended application is future semi-autonomous Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) control as the richness of data sets required to enable human like behavior in these systems has yet to be defined.
Application of queuing models to electronic toll collection
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zarrillo, Marguerite L.; Radwan, A. E.; Al-Deek, H. M.
Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) via Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) technology has significantly altered traffic operations during toll collection. In particular, the value of the average processing rate of a lane providing both ETC service as well as a traditional service, fluctuates over the rush hour between the average value of the processing rate of the traditional service and the capacity of the ETC service. This study develops a queuing model to address the changing processing rates for the different mixed lanes. The model is applied to the westbound 9-lane portion of the Holland East Plaza in Orlando, FLorida. Data is evaluated for 6 different rush hours that include 3 different configuration patterns implemented over a period of 3 years. In the first configuration, only the traditional toll collection services are provided. In another configuration, all traditional lanes become mixed to include ETC except for the center lane, which becomes a lane dedicated solely to ETC service. In a final configuration, two lanes become dedicated to ETC service.
A curriculum based on systems theory.
Schemm, R L; Corcoran, M; Kolodner, E; Schaaf, R
This paper describes an entry-level curriculum based on systems theory that was designed to promote integrated thinking and a shared image of practice among all of the members of an educational community that included students, faculty, and clinicians. Initiated in 1983, the program integrates occupational therapy theory, critical thinking, and knowledge about person-environmental transactions with traditional medical, biological, psychological, and sociological course work to create a unique educational experience. The curriculum model is based on a spiral learning process that encourages integrated thinking. Furthermore, all concepts are systematically tied to the occupation core, the central theme of the program. Fieldwork is used to reinforce ideas presented in the classroom and features discrete learning experiences where students demonstrate their integration of knowledge and skills. In an evaluation of the program, responses from 78 clinician, 51 alumni, and 132 student questionnaires; feedback from 132 fieldwork supervisors; and longitudinal data from 33 alumni confirmed that graduates are critical thinkers who appreciate the diverse needs of clients while demonstrating an appreciation for the curative effect of meaningful, goal-directed activities. PMID:8322883
Medical Image Testing Based on Fractal Spectrum Theory
Shuxia Han; Dawei Qi; Lei Yu
Multifractal spectrum theory was applied in the edge detection of medical CT image. As shown in the experimental result, the method based on multifractal theory in detecting medical CT image was effective. Multifractal theory is a more local method in detecting edge of image. Thus, a new method based on multifractal spectrum in detecting medical image is provided.
Comparing Java, C# and Ada monitors queuing policies: a case study and its Ada refinement
Claude Kaiser; Jean-Franńois Pradat-Peyre; Sami ╔vangelista; Pierre Rousseau
Learning concurrency paradigms is necessary but it is not sufficient since the choice of run-time semantics may introduce subtle programming errors. It is the aim of this paper to exemplify the importance of process queuing and awaking policies resulting from possible choices of the monitor concept implementation.The first part of the paper compares the behaviour of concurrent processes sharing a
Comparing Java, C# and Ada Monitors queuing policies : a case study and its Ada refinement
Claude Kaiser; Pierre Rousseau; Cedric-cnam Paris
Abstract. Learning concurrency paradigms is necessary but it is not sufficient since the choice of run-time semantics may introduce subtle programming errors. It is the aim of this paper to exemplify the importance of process queuing and awaking policies resulting from possible choices of the monitor concept implementation.
Pricing in Vehicle Sharing Systems: Optimization in queuing networks with product forms
Boyer, Edmond
) such as V┤elib' Paris are flourishing. The use- fulness of VSS for users is highly impacted regulation. Keywords: Vehicle Sharing Systems; Pricing; Demand regulation; Closed Queuing Networks; Product and parking congestion, noise, and air pollution (proposing bikes or electric cars). They offer personal
Queuing Theoretic and Information Theoretic Capacity of Energy Harvesting Sensor Nodes
Sharma, Vinod
Queuing Theoretic and Information Theoretic Capacity of Energy Harvesting Sensor Nodes Vinod Sharma, DRDO Bangalore, India Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract--Energy harvesting sensor networks provide study such a sensor node powered with an energy harvesting source. We obtain energy management policies
Modeling and analysis of queuing effect on Mobile IPv6 handoff performance
Zheng Liang; Jun Zheng; Songwei Ma; Shuigen Yang; Bin Wang; Jianguo Liu
This paper proposes an analytic model to study queuing effect on the handoff performance of Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6), which has not been particularly investigated in previous literature. The presented model regards handoff process as tandem service system, and adopts a simple two-moment approximation throughout the theoretic modeling. Without other specific assumptions, the model presents a generic approach that can be
Aviation security cargo inspection queuing simulation model for material flow and accountability
Glenn O. Allgood; Mohammed M. Olama; Terri A. Rose; Daryl L Brumback
Beginning in 2010, the U.S. will require that all cargo loaded in passenger aircraft be inspected. This will require more efficient processing of cargo and will have a significant impact on the inspection protocols and business practices of government agencies and the airlines. In this paper, we develop an aviation security cargo inspection queuing simulation model for material flow and
Glenn O Allgood; Mohammed M Olama; Terri A Rose; Daryl L Brumback
Beginning in 2010, the U.S. will require that all cargo loaded in passenger aircraft be inspected. This will require more efficient processing of cargo and will have a significant impact on the inspection protocols and business practices of government agencies and the airlines. In this paper, we conduct performance evaluation study for an aviation security cargo inspection queuing system for
A New Glauber Theory based on Multiple Scattering Theory
Masanobu Yahiro; Kosho Minomo; Kazuyuki Ogata; Mitsuji Kawai
Glauber theory for nucleus-nucleus scattering at high incident energies is reformulated so as to become applicable also for the scattering at intermediate energies. We test validity of the eikonal and adiabatic approximations used in the formulation, and discuss the relation between the present theory and the conventional Glauber calculations with either the empirical nucleon-nucleon profile function or the modified one including the in-medium effect.
Classifying bases for 6D F-theory models
Morrison, David R.
We classify six-dimensional F-theory compactifications in terms of simple features of the divisor structure of the base surface of the elliptic fibration. This structure controls the minimal spectrum of the theory. We ...
Feature-Based Binding and Phase Theory
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Antonenko, Andrei
Current theories of binding cannot provide a uniform account for many facts associated with the distribution of anaphors, such as long-distance binding effects and the subject-orientation of monomorphemic anaphors. Further, traditional binding theory is incompatible with minimalist assumptions. In this dissertation I propose an analysis ofģ
Mechanism-based strain gradient plasticityŚ I. Theory
H. Gao; Y. Huang; W. D. Nix; J. W. Hutchinson
A mechanism-based theory of strain gradient plasticity (MSG) is proposed based on a multiscale framework linking the microscale notion of statistically stored and geometrically necessary dislocations to the mesoscale notion of plastic strain and strain gradient. This theory is motivated by our recent analysis of indentation experiments which strongly suggest a linear dependence of the square of plastic flow stress
Market-based Airport Demand Management -Theory, Model and Applications
de Weck, Olivier L.
and asymmetric carriers. Given sustained demand for access to an airport and reasonably elastic responsesMarket-based Airport Demand Management - Theory, Model and Applications by Terence Ping-Ching Fan B 2004 LIBRARIES #12;- -~~~_ #12;Market-based Airport Demand Management - Theory, Modeland Applications
An attachment theory based perspective on the continuing bond to the deceased (CB) is proposed. The value of attachment theory in specifying the normative course of CB expression and in identifying adaptive versus maladaptive variants of CB expression based on their deviation from this normative course is outlined. The role of individual differences in attachment security on effective versus ineffective
The False Choice between Theory-based Evaluation and Experimentation.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cook, Thomas D.
Offers a critical commentary on theory-based evaluation, stressing its utility as a method of program planning and as an adjunct to experiments but rejecting it as an alternative to experiments. Cites seven reasons for doubting that theory-based evaluations can provide the valid conclusions about a program's causal effects that proponents haveģ
Theory-Based University Admissions Testing for a New Millennium
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sternberg, Robert J.
This article describes two projects based on Robert J. Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence and designed to provide theory-based testing for university admissions. The first, Rainbow Project, provided a supplementary test of analytical, practical, and creative skills to augment the SAT in predicting college performance. The Rainbowģ
A Model For Fault Prevention Based on Artificial Immune Theory
Yi Wang; Kai Liu; Haiyan Zhang
In this paper, we introduced the recognition mode of biological immunity and presented a model for fault prevention based on the artificial immune theory. The recognition rate, failure rate and misjudgment rate of the fault prevention system are defined and corresponding mathematic formulations are presented. The mathematic model of fault prevention based on the artificial immunity theory have the character
Approximate mean value analysis algorithms for queuing networks: existence, uniqueness, and convergence results
Krishna R. Pattipati; Michael M. Kostreva; John L. Teele
This paper is concerned with the properties of nonlinear equations associated with the Scheweitzer-Bard (S-B) approximate mean value analysis (MVA) heuristic for closed product-form queuing networks. Three forms of nonlinear S-B approximate MVA equations in multiclass networks are distinguished: Schweitzer, minimal, and the nearly decoupled forms. The approximate MVA equations have enabled us to: (a) derive bounds on the approximate
Scheme-Based Synthesis of Inductive TheoriesĀ
Montano-Rivas, O.; McCasland, R.; Dixon, L.; Bundy, Alan
We describe an approach to automatically invent/explore new mathematical theories, with the goal of producing results comparable to those produced by humans, as represented, for example, in the libraries of the Isabelle ...
THEORY-BASED SUPPORT FOR MOBILE LANGUAGE LEARNING: NOTICING AND RECORDING Theory-based Support for Mobile Language
Paris-Sud XI, Universitķ de
THEORY-BASED SUPPORT FOR MOBILE LANGUAGE LEARNING: NOTICING AND RECORDING Theory-based Support for Mobile Language Learning: Noticing and Recording doi:10.3991/ijim.v3i2.740 A. Kukulska-Hulme1 and S. Bull into educational applications for language learning. We consider: theoretical perspectives drawn from the second
Maximum Entropy Principle Based Estimation of Performance Distribution in Queueing Theory
He, Dayi; Li, Ran; Huang, Qi; Lei, Ping
In related research on queuing systems, in order to determine the system state, there is a widespread practice to assume that the system is stable and that distributions of the customer arrival ratio and service ratio are known information. In this study, the queuing system is looked at as a black box without any assumptions on the distribution of the arrival and service ratios and only keeping the assumption on the stability of the queuing system. By applying the principle of maximum entropy, the performance distribution of queuing systems is derived from some easily accessible indexes, such as the capacity of the system, the mean number of customers in the system, and the mean utilization of the servers. Some special cases are modeled and their performance distributions are derived. Using the chi-square goodness of fit test, the accuracy and generality for practical purposes of the principle of maximum entropy approach is demonstrated. PMID:25207992
Confining Effective Theories Based on Instantons and Merons
F. Lenz; J. W. Negele; M. Thies
An effective theory based on ensembles of either regular gauge instantons or merons is shown to produce confinement in SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. When the scale is set by the string tension, the action density, topological susceptibility and low-lying glueball spectrum are similar to those arising in lattice QCD. The physical mechanism producing confinement is explained, and a number of analytical insights into the effective theory are presented.
Current algebra based effective chiral theory of mesons and a new EW theory
Bing An Li
A current algebra based effective chiral theory of pseudoscalar, vector, axial-vector mesons is reviewed. A new mechanism generating the masses and guage fixing terms of gauge boson is revealed from this effective theory. A EW theory without Higgs is proposed. The masses and gauge fixing terms of W and Z are dynamically generated. Three heavy scalar fields are dynamically generated too. They are ghosts.
Research on Developing Environmental Protection Industry Based on TRIZ Theory
Jing Zhang; Jie Shang
TRIZ theory is considered as a kind of innovative theory, which mainly functions in solving contradiction. This methodology, based on technical system evolution, is comprised of various types of methods, calculations in aspects of solving technical problems, innovative exploration, as the problem comprehensive solving system. And this system mainly includes 4 separation principles, 8 technical evolution models, 39 general engineering
Spectrum Investment with Uncertainty Based on Prospect Theory
Huang, Jianwei
Spectrum Investment with Uncertainty Based on Prospect Theory Junlin Yu, Man Hon Cheung, and Jianwei Huang Abstract--We study a secondary wireless operator's spectrum investment problem under spectrum supply uncertainty using prospect theory. In order to meet the demands of its users, the secondary
Performance theory based outcome measurement in engineering education and training
William E. Dillon; George V. Kondraske; Louis J. Everett; Richard A. Volz
An approach is presented to improve engineering education that is based on new concepts of systems performance and classic feedback theory. An important aspect is the use of general systems performance theory (GSPT) to provide a performance model of the educational system and as a basis for the key outcome metrics: the volumes of performance capacity envelopes of individual students.
Evaluating Sensor Reliability in Classification Problems Based on Evidence Theory
Huawei Guo; Wenkang Shi; Yong Deng
This paper presents a new framework for sensor reliability evaluation in classification problems based on evidence theory (or the Dempster-Shafer theory of belief functions). The evaluation is treated as a two-stage training process. First, the authors assess the static reliability from a training set by comparing the sensor classification readings with the actual values of data, which are both represented
Task-Based Language Teaching and Expansive Learning Theory
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Robertson, Margaret
Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) has become increasingly recognized as an effective pedagogy, but its location in generalized sociocultural theories of learning has led to misunderstandings and criticism. The purpose of this article is to explain the congruence between TBLT and Expansive Learning Theory and the benefits of doing so. The meritģ
Highway Traffic Safety Management System Based on the Theory of Dissipative Structures and Catastrophe Theory
Pan Xiaodong; Wang Xiang; Yang Zhen; Cong Haozhe
Highway traffic safety management system is an open complex system, there are so many impact factors which influence highway safety, in this paper highway traffic safety management system is studied based on the theory of dissipative structure and catastrophe theory, it indicate that the highway safety management system will be stable or unstable under different disturbances, there are two different
The Prediction of Item Parameters Based on Classical Test Theory and Latent Trait Theory
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Anil, Duygu
In this study, the prediction power of the item characteristics based on the experts' predictions on conditions try-out practices cannot be applied was examined for item characteristics computed depending on classical test theory and two-parameters logistic model of latent trait theory. The study was carried out on 9914 randomly selected studentsģ
Model-based Theory Combination Leonardo de Moura1
Bj°rner, Nikolaj S.
SMT 2007 Model-based Theory Combination Leonardo de Moura1 Nikolaj Bj°rner2 Microsoft Research, One published in Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science URL: www.elsevier.nl/locate/entcs #12;de Moura
Interior-Based Topology in Fuzzy Class Theory
Libor Behounek; Tomßs Kroupa
Fuzzy topology based on interior operators is studied in the fully graded framework of Fuzzy Class Theory. Its relation to graded notions of fuzzy topology given by open sets and neighborhoods is shown.
23 CFR 661.43 - Can other sources of funds be used to finance a queued project in advance of receipt of IRRBP funds?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
...2012-04-01 false Can other sources of funds be used to finance a queued project in advance of receipt of IRRBP funds? 661...PROGRAM ¦ 661.43 Can other sources of funds be used to finance a queued project in advance of receipt of IRRBP funds?...
23 CFR 661.43 - Can other sources of funds be used to finance a queued project in advance of receipt of IRRBP funds?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
...2014-04-01 false Can other sources of funds be used to finance a queued project in advance of receipt of IRRBP funds? 661...PROGRAM ¦ 661.43 Can other sources of funds be used to finance a queued project in advance of receipt of IRRBP funds?...
23 CFR 661.43 - Can other sources of funds be used to finance a queued project in advance of receipt of IRRBP funds?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
...2013-04-01 false Can other sources of funds be used to finance a queued project in advance of receipt of IRRBP funds? 661...PROGRAM ¦ 661.43 Can other sources of funds be used to finance a queued project in advance of receipt of IRRBP funds?...
Unifying ecology and macroevolution with individual-based theory.
Rosindell, James; Harmon, Luke J; Etienne, Rampal S
A contemporary goal in both ecology and evolutionary biology is to develop theory that transcends the boundary between the two disciplines, to understand phenomena that cannot be explained by either field in isolation. This is challenging because macroevolution typically uses lineage-based models, whereas ecology often focuses on individual organisms. Here, we develop a new parsimonious individual-based theory by adding mild selection to the neutral theory of biodiversity. We show that this model generates realistic phylogenies showing a slowdown in diversification and also improves on the ecological predictions of neutral theory by explaining the occurrence of very common species. Moreover, we find the distribution of individual fitness changes over time, with average fitness increasing at a pace that depends positively on community size. Consequently, large communities tend to produce fitter species than smaller communities. These findings have broad implications beyond biodiversity theory, potentially impacting, for example, invasion biology and paleontology. PMID:25818618
Classifying bases for 6D F-theory models
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Morrison, David; Taylor, Washington
We classify six-dimensional F-theory compactifications in terms of simple features of the divisor structure of the base surface of the elliptic fibration. This structure controls the minimal spectrum of the theory. We determine all irreducible configurations of divisors ("clusters") that are required to carry nonabelian gauge group factors based on the intersections of the divisors with one another and with the canonical class of the base. All 6D F-theory models are built from combinations of these irreducible configurations. Physically, this geometric structure characterizes the gauge algebra and matter that can remain in a 6D theory after maximal Higgsing. These results suggest that all 6D supergravity theories realized in F-theory have a maximally Higgsed phase in which the gauge algebra is built out of summands of the types su(3), so(8), f4, e6, e8, e8, (g2 ? su(2)); and su(2) ? so(7) ? su(2), with minimal matter content charged only under the last three types of summands, corresponding to the non-Higgsable cluster types identified through F-theory geometry. Although we have identified all such geometric clusters, we have not proven that there cannot be an obstruction to Higgsing to the minimal gauge and matter configuration for any possible F-theory model. We also identify bounds on the number of tensor fields allowed in a theory with any fixed gauge algebra; we use this to bound the size of the gauge group (or algebra) in a simple class of F-theory bases.
School-Based Management: Theory and Practice.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
George, Patricia, Ed.; Potter, Eugenia Cooper, Ed.
School-based management (SBM), sometimes called site-based management, is fast becoming the hottest restructuring item in the arsenal of reformers, teachers' unions, governors, and legislators who want to change the traditional ways in which schools and school districts do business. This document comprises three main sections with contributionsģ
Aviation security cargo inspection queuing simulation model for material flow and accountability
Olama, Mohammed M [ORNL; Allgood, Glenn O [ORNL; Rose, Terri A [ORNL; Brumback, Daryl L [ORNL
Beginning in 2010, the U.S. will require that all cargo loaded in passenger aircraft be inspected. This will require more efficient processing of cargo and will have a significant impact on the inspection protocols and business practices of government agencies and the airlines. In this paper, we develop an aviation security cargo inspection queuing simulation model for material flow and accountability that will allow cargo managers to conduct impact studies of current and proposed business practices as they relate to inspection procedures, material flow, and accountability.
Agent-based modelling of collective identity: testing constructivist theory
Ian S. Lustick
Agent-based modeling is an alternative and complementary approach to the study of political identities, including ethnicity and nationalism. By generating many runs with different initial conditions large data sets of virtual histories can be accumulated. This paper presents the ABIR (Agent-Based Identity Repertoire) model which seeks to refine, elaborate, and test constructivist theories of identity and identity change. In this
Image Detection in real time based on Fuzzy Fractal theory
Paris-Sud XI, Universitķ de
Image Detection in real time based on Fuzzy Fractal theory Kya Abraham Berthe Yan Yan Soungalo China Abstract: Real time image detection is still a challenge in research. Several methods have been used, but all can be divide in two approaches: the first is based on image field estimation
The Limits of Theory: Pragmatic Challenges in Mobile Ad Hoc Systems
Lenders, Vincent
research, teletraffic models and queuing theory were invaluable for performance evaluation, networkThe Limits of Theory: Pragmatic Challenges in Mobile Ad Hoc Systems (Invited Paper) Franck Legendre ad hoc networks has to couple theory and practice in a continuous feedback loop with experimentations
On Building a Knowledge Base for Stability Theory
Agnieszka Rowinska-Schwarzweller; Christoph Schwarzweller
A lot of mathematical knowledge has been formalized and stored in\\u000arepositories by now: different mathematical theorems and theories have been\\u000ataken into consideration and included in mathematical repositories.\\u000aApplications more distant from pure mathematics, however --- though based on\\u000athese theories --- often need more detailed knowledge about the underlying\\u000atheories. In this paper we present an example Mizar
Complexity measurement based on information theory and kolmogorov complexity.
Lui, Leong Ting; Terrazas, Germßn; Zenil, Hector; Alexander, Cameron; Krasnogor, Natalio
In the past decades many definitions of complexity have been proposed. Most of these definitions are based either on Shannon's information theory or on Kolmogorov complexity; these two are often compared, but very few studies integrate the two ideas. In this article we introduce a new measure of complexity that builds on both of these theories. As a demonstration of the concept, the technique is applied to elementary cellular automata and simulations of the self-organization of porphyrin molecules. PMID:25622014
Local Rule-Based Theory of Virus Shell Assembly
Bonnie Berger; Peter W. Shor; Lisa Tucker-Kellogg; Jonathan King
A local rule-based theory is developed which shows that the self-assembly of icosahedral virus shells may depend on only the lower-level interactions of a protein subunit with its neighbors-i.e., on local rules rather than on larger structural building blocks. The local rule theory provides a framework for understanding the assembly of icosahedral viruses. These include both viruses that fall in
A Kendama Learning Robot Based on Bidirectional Theory
Hiroyuki Miyamoto; Stefan Schaal; Francesca Gandolfo; Hiroaki Gomi; Yasuharu Koike; Rieko Osu; Eri Nakano; Yasuhiro Wada; Mitsuo Kawato
A general theory of movement-pattern perception based on bi-directional theory for sensory-motor integration can be used for motion capture and learning by watching in robotics. We demonstrate our methods using the game of Kendama, executed by the SARCOS Dextrous Slave Arm, which has a very similar kinematic structure to the human arm. Three ingredients have to be integrated for the
Queuing delay models for single-lane roundabouts
Aimee Flannery; Jeffrey P. Kharoufeh; Natarajan Gautam; Lily Elefteriadou
This article presents an analytical model for a few important operational characteristics of single-lane roundabouts in the United States. In particular, we obtain renewal-based analytical expressions for the mean and variance of the time required for entry into the circulating stream for an arbitrary vehicle occupying the first position of the approach, regardless of the distribution of time headways for
Classifying bases for 6D F-theory models
Morrison, David R
We classify six-dimensional F-theory compactifications in terms of simple features of the divisor structure of the base surface of the elliptic fibration. This structure controls the minimal spectrum of the theory. We determine all irreducible configurations of divisors ("clusters") that are required to carry nonabelian gauge group factors based on the intersections of the divisors with one another and with the canonical class of the base. All 6D F-theory models are built from combinations of these irreducible configurations. Physically, this geometric structure characterizes the gauge algebra and matter that can remain in a 6D theory after maximal Higgsing. These results suggest that all 6D supergravity theories realized in F-theory have a maximally Higgsed phase in which the gauge algebra is built out of summands of the types su(3), so(8), f_4, e_6, e_8, e_7, (g_2 + su(2)), and su(2) + so(7) + su(2), with minimal matter content charged only under the last three types of summands, corresponding to the non-Hi...
Lifting-line theory of swept wings based on the full potential theory
H. K. Cheng; Reuben Chow; Robert E. Melnik
The asymptotic theory of high-aspect-ratio transonic swept wings of Refs. [2¢5] is extended to irrotational compressible flows based on equations of the full-potential theory. The formulation allows for imbedded supercritical flows with shocks; the results are applicable to oblique wings, swept-back as well as swept-forward wings, but restricted to planforms with centerlines composed of straight segments. The free-stream velocity is
Queuing and routing in a hierarchical powerline communication system
Filipe PACHECO; Luis Miguel PINHO; Eduardo TOVAR
Although power-line communication (PLC) is not a new technology, its use to support data communication with timing requirements is still the focus of ongoing research. A new infrastructure intended for communication using power lines from a central location to dispersed nodes using inexpensive devices was presented recently. This new infrastructure uses a two-level hierarchical power-line system, together with an IP-based
Parameter estimation of nonlinear dynamical systems based on integrator theory.
Peng, Haipeng; Li, Lixiang; Yang, Yixian; Wang, Cong
In this paper, a novel unknown parameter identifier of nonlinear dynamical systems is designed through the integrator theory, and the corresponding sufficient conditions for the existence of unknown parameter identifiers are presented. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, simulation results are given. The effects of system noise and measurement noise for the proposed method are discussed in detail. The comparative analysis between the proposed method based on integrator theory and the approach based on adaptive synchronization is also given. PMID:19792010
Modeling Psychological Refractory Period (PRP) and Practice Effect on PRP with Queuing Networks and Reinforcement Learning Algorithms
Wu, Changxu (Sean)
Modeling Psychological Refractory Period (PRP) and Practice Effect on PRP with Queuing Networks, 48109 USA Abstract PRP (Psychological Refractory Period) is a basic but important form of human (Psychological Refractory Period) is one of the most basic and simple forms of dual task situations, and has been
IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING, VOLUME 15, NO. 6, DECEMBER 2007 1 A Queuing-Theoretic Foundation of Available
Liu, Xiliang
it an elusive target to measure. To combat this difficulty, most existing bandwidth-measurement approaches use a queuing-theoretic foundation of single-hop packet-train bandwidth estimation under bursty arrivals of discrete cross-traffic packets. We analyze the statistical mean of the packet-train output dispersion
Reasons for Enterprises' Abortive Application of Management Fashion: An Explanation Based on Game Theory and Rhetoric Theory
Ming Sun; Yuanyuan Wang; Ming Lin
Based on game theory and rhetoric theory, this paper probes the reasons for enterprises' abortive application of management fashion. In view of the game theory, enterprises the applicate management fashion are aiming to minimize the losses rather than maximize the gains. While according to the rhetoric theory, the fact that rhetoric management fashion replaced technical management fashion leads to their
PPKBZ9 Two Orbit Propagators Based on an Analytical Theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
San-Juan, Juan F.; GavĒn, ┴ngel; L¾pez, Luis M.; L¾pez, Rosario
In the context of general perturbation theories, we analyze the motion of an artificial satellite around an Earth-like planet perturbed by the first eight zonal harmonic coefficients. By means of two Lie transforms and the Krylov-Bogoliubov-Mitropolsky method we produce a closed-form second-order analytical theory. Except for the critical inclination, this theory is valid for small eccentricities and inclinations. Two orbit propagators are derived from the analytical theory. The first, PPKBZ9, is completely analytical whereas the second, PPKBZ9, is based on numerical methods that compute the transformation of the variables. Prediction accuracy given by the orbit propagator programs is investigated by using data of different types of Earth and Mars orbiters. PPKBZ9 can also be used by means of a friendly Web Interface in Web Site.
Model for chromatographic separations based on renewal theory
Scott, D.M.; Fritz, J.S.
A simple but reasonably realistic model is formulated for describing the behavior of chromatographic peaks. Our approach is based on statistical concepts and completely avoids the physically nonexistent theoretical plates of classical theory. This work complements the rate theory of chromatography in that we provide a more detailed look at the resistance to mass-transfer process (what we call the interphase process). The model is a stochastic one; because molecular level processes are random in nature, we feel that this is a natural approach. Although a variety of stochastic models have been proposed previously, they have been damaged by the necessity of assuming a particular mechanism. The present theory is largely immune from this criticism. The paper makes use of results from the theory of renewal processes, but the results should be comprehensible to anyone with only a modest acquaintance with statistical notions.
Theory of Model-Based Geophysical Survey and Experimental Design
resistivity survey designs in real-time as new data, and hence new information are acquired (Stu1 Theory of Model-Based Geophysical Survey and Experimental Design Part A Ł Linear Problems Andrew logging, electromagnetic, earthquake monitoring and micro-seismic surveys, and in laboratory
Density Functional Theory-Based Database Development and CALPHAD Automation
Chen, Long-Qing
Density Functional Theory-Based Database Development and CALPHAD Automation YI WANG,1,2 SHUNLI, the integration of first-principles calculations, CALPHAD modeling, and the automation of phase diagram, and the automated calculation of a phase diagram for the Al- Mg system. INTRODUCTION In thermodynamics, a phase
Accuracy analysis of SCARA industrial robot based on screw theory
Zhao Liang; Su Meng; Diao Changkun
Based on an analysis of error sources of industrial robots, we build a pose error model of industrial robots with screw theory, which overcomes the defect that the error on the y-axis could not be reflected by the classical D-H parameter method. Given the error sources which influence the end- executor's accuracy, we established a screw representation of the static
Information Security Problem Research Based on Game Theory
Wei Sun; Xiangwei Kong; Dequan He; Xingang You
The purpose of this paper is to resolve information security problem in the mobile electronic commerce industry chain. We analyze information security based on evolutionary game theory. In this paper, we set up the information security game model with penalty parameter, calculate replicator dynamics, and analyze the evolutionary stable strategy of the game model. The result reveals that reducing the
Chemical Organization Theory as a Theoretical Base for Chemical Computing
Dittrich, Peter
Chemical Organization Theory as a Theoretical Base for Chemical Computing NAOKI MATSUMARU, FLORIAN-07743 Jena, Germany http://www.minet.uni-jena.de/csb/ Submitted 14 November 2005 In chemical computing- gramming chemical systems a theoretical method to cope with that emergent behavior is desired
A Linguistically Based Semantic Bias for Theory Revision
Clifford Brunk; Michael Pazzani
We present a new approach to theory revision that uses a linguistically based semantics to help detect and correct errors in classification rules. The idea is that preferring linguistically cohesive revisions will enhance the comprehensibility and ultimately the accuracy of rules. We explain how to associate terms in the rules with elements in a lexical class hierarchy and use distance
Toward an Instructionally Oriented Theory of Example-Based Learning
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Renkl, Alexander
Learning from examples is a very effective means of initial cognitive skill acquisition. There is an enormous body of research on the specifics of this learning method. This article presents an instructionally oriented theory of example-based learning that integrates theoretical assumptions and findings from three research areas: learning fromģ
A Model of Statistics Performance Based on Achievement Goal Theory
Deborah L. Bandalos; Sara J. Finney; Jenenne A. Geske
Structural equation modeling techniques were used to test a model of statistics performance based on achievement goal theory. Data were collected after the midterm and final examinations in an introductory statistics course, and models were fit at each time point. Learning goals were positively related to the use of deep-processing strategies and to self-efficacy and were negatively related to test
Modeling the hydrodynamics of downer reactors based on kinetic theory
Yi Cheng; Yincheng Guo; Fei Wei; Yong Jin; Wenyi Lin
The present work is concerned with the modeling of hydrodynamics in the downer reactors based on kinetic theory of particulate phase. Since the gas¢solid flow in the downer is turbulent, a kp equation expressing the turbulent kinetic energy of particles is introduced to represent the turbulent transport of particulate phase. A function of restitution coefficient with radial positions is applied
Identification of Wiener systems based on fixed point theory
Guoqi Li; Changyun Wen
In this paper, we propose a new method for the identification of Wiener systems based on fixed point theory. The linear part of the system is an infinite impulse response (IIR) system and the nonlinear static function is allowed to be non-continuous or non-smooth. Our proposed technique transforms the estimation of parameters to finding a fixed point of a nonlinear
A Memory-Based Theory of Verbal Cognition
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dennis, Simon
The syntagmatic paradigmatic model is a distributed, memory-based account of verbal processing. Built on a Bayesian interpretation of string edit theory, it characterizes the control of verbal cognition as the retrieval of sets of syntagmatic and paradigmatic constraints from sequential and relational long-term memory and the resolution of theseģ
A theory of quantum gravity based on quantum computation
Seth Lloyd
This paper proposes a method of unifying quantum mechanics and gravity based on quantum computation. In this theory, fundamental processes are described in terms of pairwise interactions between quantum degrees of freedom. The geometry of space-time is a construct, derived from the underlying quantum information processing. The computation gives rise to a superposition of four-dimensional spacetimes, each of which obeys
What Gets Recycled: An Information Theory Based Model for
Gutowski, Timothy
What Gets Recycled: An Information Theory Based Model for Product Recycling J E F F R E Y B . D A H focuses on developing a concise representation of the material recycling potential for products at end for the two different applications. Cost estimates for product recycling systems are developed using Shannon
The resource-based theory and human resources
Marta Fossas Olalla
This paper applies the resource-based theory on human resources and analyzes its effect on human resource management. This focus considers that each firm is heterogeneous, and it can keep that heterogeneity for a long period of time. A resource is a kind of production factor which is at the firms' disposal, that is, each one is controlled by the firm
Qualitative model-based diagnosis using possibility theory
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Joslyn, Cliff
The potential for the use of possibility in the qualitative model-based diagnosis of spacecraft systems is described. The first sections of the paper briefly introduce the Model-Based Diagnostic (MBD) approach to spacecraft fault diagnosis; Qualitative Modeling (QM) methodologies; and the concepts of possibilistic modeling in the context of Generalized Information Theory (GIT). Then the necessary conditions for the applicability of possibilistic methods to qualitative MBD, and a number of potential directions for such an application, are described.
Innovating Method of Existing Mechanical Product Based on TRIZ Theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhao, Cunyou; Shi, Dongyan; Wu, Han
Main way of product development is adaptive design and variant design based on existing product. In this paper, conceptual design frame and its flow model of innovating products is put forward through combining the methods of conceptual design and TRIZ theory. Process system model of innovating design that includes requirement analysis, total function analysis and decomposing, engineering problem analysis, finding solution of engineering problem and primarily design is constructed and this establishes the base for innovating design of existing product.
Automatic Chinese Term Extraction based on Cognition Theory
Wei Li; Cong Wang; Dong-na Shi
Term extraction is a basic research topic to establish knowledge bases. This paper puts forward a new automatic Chinese term extraction based on cognition theory. Supervised by both linguistic knowledge and statistics information of research papers, we improve the traditional fair SCP and C-Value measures originally developed for multi-words, and then present a new comprehensive metric called MC-SCP measure, which
Nel's category theory based differential and integral Calculus, or did Newton know category theory ?
Elemer E Rosinger
In a series of publications in the early 1990s, L D Nel set up a study of non-normable topological vector spaces based on methods in category theory. One of the important results showed that the classical operations of derivative and integral in Calculus can in fact be obtained by a rather simple construction in categories. Here we present this result
Consistent micro, macro and state-based population modelling Leif Gustafsson *, Mikael Sternad
are frequently used in ecology, epidemiology, demography and queuing systems, and are also important in physics is typically calculated by a numerical method (simulation), while state-based models, if sufficiently sim- ple
A theory of quantum gravity based on quantum computation
Seth Lloyd
This paper proposes a method of unifying quantum mechanics and gravity based on quantum computation. In this theory, fundamental processes are described in terms of pairwise interactions between quantum degrees of freedom. The geometry of space-time is a construct, derived from the underlying quantum information processing. The computation gives rise to a superposition of four-dimensional spacetimes, each of which obeys the Einstein-Regge equations. The theory makes explicit predictions for the back-reaction of the metric to computational `matter,' black-hole evaporation, holography, and quantum cosmology.
Evolutionary game theory using agent-based methods
Adami, Christoph; Hintze, Arend
Evolutionary game theory is a successful mathematical framework geared towards understanding the selective pressures that affect the evolution of the strategies of agents engaged in interactions with potential conflicts. While a mathematical treatment of the costs and benefits of decisions can predict the optimal strategy in simple settings, more realistic situations (finite populations, non-vanishing mutations rates, communication between agents, and spatial interactions) require agent-based methods where each agent is modeled as an individual, carries its own genes that determine its decisions, and where the evolutionary outcome can only be ascertained by evolving the population of agents forward in time. Here we discuss the use of agent-based methods in evolutionary game theory and contrast standard results to those obtainable by a mathematical treatment. We conclude that agent-based methods can predict evolutionary outcomes where purely mathematical treatments cannot tread, but that mathematics is crucial...
Improved virtual queuing and dynamic EPD techniques for TCP over ATM
Wu, Y.; Siu, K.Y.; Ren, W.
It is known that TCP throughput can degrade significantly over UBR service in a congested ATM network, and the early packet discard (EPD) technique has been proposed to improve the performance. However, recent studies show that EPD cannot ensure fairness among competing VCs in a congested network, but the degree of fairness can be improved using various forms of fair buffer allocation techniques. The authors propose an improved scheme that utilizes only a single shared FIFO queue for all VCs and admits simple implementation for high speed ATM networks. The scheme achieves nearly perfect fairness and throughput among multiple TCP connections, comparable to the expensive per-VC queuing technique. Analytical and simulation results are presented to show the validity of this new scheme and significant improvement in performance as compared with existing fair buffer allocation techniques for TCP over ATM.
Biophysics of risk aversion based on neurotransmitter receptor theory
Takahashi, Taiki
Decision under risk and uncertainty has been attracting attention in neuroeconomics and neuroendocrinology of decision-making. This paper demonstrated that the neurotransmitter receptor theory-based value (utility) function can account for human and animal risk-taking behavior. The theory predicts that (i) when dopaminergic neuronal response is efficiently coupled to the formation of ligand-receptor complex, subjects are risk-aversive (irrespective of their satisfaction level) and (ii) when the coupling is inefficient, subjects are risk-seeking at low satisfaction levels, consistent with risk-sensitive foraging theory in ecology. It is further suggested that some anomalies in decision under risk are due to inefficiency of the coupling between dopamine receptor activation and neuronal response. Future directions in the application of the model to studies in neuroeconomics of addiction and neuroendocrine modulation of risk-taking behavior are discussed.
23 CFR 661.43 - Can other sources of funds be used to finance a queued project in advance of receipt of IRRBP funds?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
...Section 661.43 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS INDIAN RESERVATION ROAD BRIDGE PROGRAM ¦ 661.43 Can other sources of funds be used to finance a queued...
Performance Evaluation of Wireless Network in Presence of Hidden Node: A Queuing Theory Approach
Anjana Jain; Akhilesh Kumar Dubey; Raksha Upadhyay; S. V. Charhate
Hidden node is a fundamental problem that affects any wireless network where nodes cannot hear each other and leads to data packet collision. IEEE 802.11 wireless networks employ RTS\\/CTS mechanism for avoiding DATA packet collision .The main design assumption in this method is that all the nodes in the vicinity of a sender and a receiver must hear the RTS
Modeling a heterogeneous network with TCP connections using fluid flow approximation and queuing theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Hisamatu, Hiroyuki; Ohsaki, Hiroyuki; Murata, Masayuki
In the current Internet, most of the traffic is transmitted by TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). In our previous work, we have proposed a modeling approach for the entire network, including TCP congestion control mechanisms operating at source hosts and the network seen by TCP connections, as a single feedback system. However, our analytic model is limited to a simple network, where TCP connections have the identical propagation delay. In this paper, we therefore extend our analytic approach to a more generic network, where multiple TCP connections are allowed to have different propagation delays. We derive the packet loss probability in the network, the throughput and the average round-trip time of each TCP connection in steady state. By presenting several numerical examples, we quantitatively investigate how the fairness among TCP connections is degraded when multiple TCP connections with different propagation delays share the single bottleneck link.
Applications of queuing theory and simulation to staffing in the semiconductor clean room environment
A. Raviv
A major concern of management in the ultra expensive environment of semiconductor fabs and test floors is optimal utilization of equipment. Proper staffing of clean room operators and maintenance technicians in the manufacturing cells and clusters plays a major role in maximizing equipment utilization and overall throughput. This paper is about a more scientific and pro-active approach to the staffing
An Integrated Model of Patient and Staff Satisfaction Using Queuing Theory
Komashie, Alexander; Mousavi, Ali; Clarkson, P. John; Young, Terry
and patient satisfaction,ÆÆ Med. Care, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. II57¢II66, Feb. 2004. [17] E. S. Williams et al., ææThe effect of workplace health care worker stress and burnout on patient outcomes,ÆÆ in Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care...
Research Paper: Queuing Theory to Guide the Implementation of a Heart Failure Inpatient Registry Program
Adrian H. Zai; Kit M. Farr; Richard W. Grant; Elizabeth Mort; Timothy G. Ferris; Henry C. Chueh
ObjectiveThe authors previously implemented an electronic heart failure registry at a large academic hospital to identify heart failure patients and to connect these patients with appropriate discharge services. Despite significant improvements in patient identification and connection rates, time to connection remained high, with an average delay of 3.2 days from the time patients were admitted to the time connections were
Infrared small target detection based on Danger Theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Lan, Jinhui; Yang, Xiao
To solve the problem that traditional method can't detect the small objects whose local SNR is less than 2 in IR images, a Danger Theory-based model to detect infrared small target is presented in this paper. First, on the analog with immunology, the definition is given, in this paper, to such terms as dangerous signal, antigens, APC, antibodies. Besides, matching rule between antigen and antibody is improved. Prior to training the detection model and detecting the targets, the IR images are processed utilizing adaptive smooth filter to decrease the stochastic noise. Then at the training process, deleting rule, generating rule, crossover rule and the mutation rule are established after a large number of experiments in order to realize immediate convergence and obtain good antibodies. The Danger Theory-based model is built after the training process, and this model can detect the target whose local SNR is only 1.5.
Trajectory-based Theory of Relativistic Quantum Particles
Bill Poirier
Recently, a self-contained trajectory-based formulation of non-relativistic quantum mechanics was developed [Ann. Phys. 315, 505 (2005); Chem. Phys. 370, 4 (2010); J. Chem. Phys. 136, 031102 (2012)], that makes no use of wavefunctions or complex amplitudes of any kind. Quantum states are represented as ensembles of real-valued quantum trajectories that extremize a suitable action. Here, the trajectory-based approach is developed into a viable, generally covariant, relativistic quantum theory for single (spin-zero, massive) particles. Central to this development is the introduction of a new notion of global simultaneity for accelerated particles--together with basic postulates concerning probability conservation and causality. The latter postulate is found to be violated by the Klein-Gordon equation, leading to its well-known problems as a single-particle theory. Various examples are considered, including the time evolution of a relativistic Gaussian wavepacket.
Design of Limb for Parallel Mechanism Based on Screw Theory
Zhigang Lai; Lixin Li; Ping' an Liu
\\u000a Based on the reciprocal relationship of twist and wrench in screw theory, the mathematical model for limb of parallel manipulator\\u000a is established in this paper. According to the motion modes of mobile platform (translation or rotation), we concluded the\\u000a geometric conditions which the prismatic joint or revolute joint must meet with by analyzing the constraint screw on the platform,\\u000a which
Generalizations of gravitational theory based on group covariance
Leopold Halpern
The mathematical structure, the field equations, and fundamentals of the kinematics of generalizations of general relativity based on semisimple invariance groups are presented. The structure is that of a generalized Kaluza-Klein theory with a subgroup as the gauge group. The group manifold with its Cartan-Killing metric forms the source-free solution. The gauge fields do not vanish even in this case
Research on Capturing of Customer Requirements Based on Innovation Theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
junwu, Ding; dongtao, Yang; zhenqiang, Bao
To exactly and effectively capture customer requirements information, a new customer requirements capturing modeling method was proposed. Based on the analysis of function requirement models of previous products and the application of technology system evolution laws of the Theory of Innovative Problem Solving (TRIZ), the customer requirements could be evolved from existing product designs, through modifying the functional requirement unit and confirming the direction of evolution design. Finally, a case study was provided to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Product Technology Maturity Prediction Based on TRIZ Technical Evolution Theory
He Bingquan; Shan Lingxin; Bao Likai; Liang Yi
It is critical for enterprise decision-makers to predict the technology maturity of product. The forecast result directly related to the research and development (R&D)decision-making. This paper introduces a new approach towards the product technology maturity assessment, product technology maturity prediction based on TRIZ technical evolution theory, and take MP3 player as an example to introduce the implementation of this methods.
Evaluating Case-based Decision Theory: Predicting Empirical Patterns of Human Classification Learning
Tesfatsion, Leigh
relative to human learners. Keywords: Case-based Decision Theory, Human Cognition, Learning, Agent-based is a mathematical model of choice under uncertainty. Case-based Decision Theory has the following primitives: A setEvaluating Case-based Decision Theory: Predicting Empirical Patterns of Human Classification
A Selective Review on Recent Development of Displacement-Based Laminated Plate Theories
Chen Wanji; Wu Zhen
This paper reviews the recent development of displacement-based theories for laminated composite plates as well as corresponding finite element models. Discussion focuses on the accuracy and efficiency of various theories, and the detailed expression of typical displacement theories used herein is also presented. To objectively assess these theories, Pagano's cylindrical bending problems are chosen for comparison of various theories. Numerical
Pathogenesis of Chronic Pancreatitis: An Evidence-Based Review of Past Theories and Recent Developments
Tyler Stevens; Darwin L. Conwell; Gregory Zuccaro
In the past several decades, four prominent theories of chronic pancreatitis pathogenesis have emerged: the toxic-metabolic theory, the oxidative stress hypothesis, the stone and duct obstruction theory, and the necrosis-fibrosis hypothesis. Although these traditional theories are formulated based on compelling scientific observations, substantial contradictory data also exist for each. Furthermore, the basic premises of some of these theories are directly
Theory based ecology (OUP Book Proposal) Page 1 OUP BOOK PROPOSAL
Meszķna, Gķza
Theory based ecology (OUP Book Proposal) Page 1 OUP BOOK PROPOSAL Theory based Ecology a Darwinian theory. As a consequence of this recent fashion of scepticism, mathematical models are often considered for the coming generations facing escalating environmental problems. Darwin's evolutionary theory is generally
A Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm?The Problem-Solving Perspective
Jack A. Nickerson; Todd R. Zenger
n this paper we develop a knowledge-based theory of the firm. While existing knowledge-based theory focuses on the efficiency of hierarchy in economizing on knowledge exchange, we develop a theory of the firm that focuses on the efficiency of alternative organizational forms in generating knowledge or capability. Our theory begins with the problem as the basic unit of analysis, arguing
On applying fair queuing discipline to schedule requests at access gateway for downlink differential QoS
Shih-chiang Tsao; Yuan-cheng Lai; Le-chi Tsao; Ying-dar Lin
Scheduling packets is a usual solution to allocate the bandwidth on a bottleneck link. How- ever, this solution cannot be used to manage the downlink bandwidth at the user-side access gateway, since the traffic is queued at the ISP-side gateway but not the user-side gateway. An idea is scheduling the requests at the user-side gateway to control the amount of
Quantum Game Theory Based on the Schmidt Decomposition
Tsubasa Ichikawa; Izumi Tsutsui; Taksu Cheon
We present a novel formulation of quantum game theory based on the Schmidt decomposition, which has the merit that the entanglement of quantum strategies is manifestly quantified. We apply this formulation to 2-player, 2-strategy symmetric games and obtain a complete set of quantum Nash equilibria. Apart from those available with the maximal entanglement, these quantum Nash equilibria are extensions of the Nash equilibria in classical game theory. The phase structure of the equilibria is determined for all values of entanglement, and thereby the possibility of resolving the dilemmas by entanglement in the game of Chicken, the Battle of the Sexes, the Prisoners' Dilemma, and the Stag Hunt, is examined. We find that entanglement transforms these dilemmas with each other but cannot resolve them, except in the Stag Hunt game where the dilemma can be alleviated to a certain degree.
Quantum game theory based on the Schmidt decomposition
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ichikawa, Tsubasa; Tsutsui, Izumi; Cheon, Taksu
We present a novel formulation of quantum game theory based on the Schmidt decomposition, which has the merit that the entanglement of quantum strategies is manifestly quantified. We apply this formulation to 2-player, 2-strategy symmetric games and obtain a complete set of quantum Nash equilibria. Apart from those available with the maximal entanglement, these quantum Nash equilibria are extensions of the Nash equilibria in classical game theory. The phase structure of the equilibria is determined for all values of entanglement, and thereby the possibility of resolving the dilemmas by entanglement in the game of Chicken, the Battle of the Sexes, the Prisoners' Dilemma, and the Stag Hunt, is examined. We find that entanglement transforms these dilemmas with each other but cannot resolve them, except in the Stag Hunt game where the dilemma can be alleviated to a certain degree.
The CODE Theory of Visual Attention: An Integration of Space-Based and Object-Based Attention
Gordon D. Logan
This article presents a theory that integrates space-based and object-based approaches to visual attention. The theory puts together M. P. van Oeffelen and P. G. VosÆs (1982, 1983) COntour DEtector (CODE) theory of perceptual grouping by proximity with C. BundesenÆs (1990) theory of visual attention (TVA). CODE provides input to TVA, accounting for spatially based between-object selection, and TVA converts
Assessing Staffing Needs for a Software Maintenance Project through Queuing Simulation
Giuliano Antoniol; Aniello Cimitile; Giuseppe A. Di Lucca; Massimiliano Di Penta
Abstract We present an approach based on queueing theory and stochastic simulation to help planning, managing and controlling the project staffing and the resulting service level in distributed multi - phase maintenance processes Data from a Y2K massive maintenance intervention on a large COBOL\\/JCL financial software system were used to simulate and study different service center configurations for a geographically
Game Theory and Risk-Based Levee System Design
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Hui, R.; Lund, J. R.; Madani, K.
Risk-based analysis has been developed for optimal levee design for economic efficiency. Along many rivers, two levees on opposite riverbanks act as a simple levee system. Being rational and self-interested, land owners on each river bank would tend to independently optimize their levees with risk-based analysis, resulting in a Pareto-inefficient levee system design from the social planner's perspective. Game theory is applied in this study to analyze decision making process in a simple levee system in which the land owners on each river bank develop their design strategies using risk-based economic optimization. For each land owner, the annual expected total cost includes expected annual damage cost and annualized construction cost. The non-cooperative Nash equilibrium is identified and compared to the social planner's optimal distribution of flood risk and damage cost throughout the system which results in the minimum total flood cost for the system. The social planner's optimal solution is not feasible without appropriate level of compensation for the transferred flood risk to guarantee and improve conditions for all parties. Therefore, cooperative game theory is then employed to develop an economically optimal design that can be implemented in practice. By examining the game in the reversible and irreversible decision making modes, the cost of decision making myopia is calculated to underline the significance of considering the externalities and evolution path of dynamic water resource problems for optimal decision making.
Workplace-based assessment: raters' performance theories and constructs.
Govaerts, M J B; Van de Wiel, M W J; Schuwirth, L W T; Van der Vleuten, C P M; Muijtjens, A M M
Weaknesses in the nature of rater judgments are generally considered to compromise the utility of workplace-based assessment (WBA). In order to gain insight into the underpinnings of rater behaviours, we investigated how raters form impressions of and make judgments on trainee performance. Using theoretical frameworks of social cognition and person perception, we explored raters' implicit performance theories, use of task-specific performance schemas and the formation of person schemas during WBA. We used think-aloud procedures and verbal protocol analysis to investigate schema-based processing by experienced (NĀ=Ā18) and inexperienced (NĀ=Ā16) raters (supervisor-raters in general practice residency training). Qualitative data analysis was used to explore schema content and usage. We quantitatively assessed rater idiosyncrasy in the use of performance schemas and we investigated effects of rater expertise on the use of (task-specific) performance schemas. Raters used different schemas in judging trainee performance. We developed a normative performance theory comprising seventeen inter-related performance dimensions. Levels of rater idiosyncrasy were substantial and unrelated to rater expertise. Experienced raters made significantly more use of task-specific performance schemas compared to inexperienced raters, suggesting more differentiated performance schemas in experienced raters. Most raters started to develop person schemas the moment they began to observe trainee performance. The findings further our understanding of processes underpinning judgment and decision making in WBA. Raters make and justify judgments based on personal theories and performance constructs. Raters' information processing seems to be affected by differences in rater expertise. The results of this study can help to improve rater training, the design of assessment instruments and decision making in WBA. PMID:22592323
Transportation Optimization with Fuzzy Trapezoidal Numbers Based on Possibility Theory
He, Dayi; Li, Ran; Huang, Qi; Lei, Ping
In this paper, a parametric method is introduced to solve fuzzy transportation problem. Considering that parameters of transportation problem have uncertainties, this paper develops a generalized fuzzy transportation problem with fuzzy supply, demand and cost. For simplicity, these parameters are assumed to be fuzzy trapezoidal numbers. Based on possibility theory and consistent with decision-makers' subjectiveness and practical requirements, the fuzzy transportation problem is transformed to a crisp linear transportation problem by defuzzifying fuzzy constraints and objectives with application of fractile and modality approach. Finally, a numerical example is provided to exemplify the application of fuzzy transportation programming and to verify the validity of the proposed methods. PMID:25137239
Identifying influential nodes in weighted networks based on evidence theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Wei, Daijun; Deng, Xinyang; Zhang, Xiaoge; Deng, Yong; Mahadevan, Sankaran
The design of an effective ranking method to identify influential nodes is an important problem in the study of complex networks. In this paper, a new centrality measure is proposed based on the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory. The proposed measure trades off between the degree and strength of every node in a weighted network. The influences of both the degree and the strength of each node are represented by basic probability assignment (BPA). The proposed centrality measure is determined by the combination of these BPAs. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Model of Resurgence Based on Behavioral Momentum Theory
Shahan, Timothy A; Sweeney, Mary M
Resurgence is the reappearance of an extinguished behavior when an alternative behavior reinforced during extinction is subsequently placed on extinction. Resurgence is of particular interest because it may be a source of relapse to problem behavior following treatments involving alternative reinforcement. In this article we develop a quantitative model of resurgence based on the augmented model of extinction provided by behavioral momentum theory. The model suggests that alternative reinforcement during extinction of a target response acts as both an additional source of disruption during extinction and as a source of reinforcement in the context that increases the future strength of the target response. The model does a good job accounting for existing data in the resurgence literature and makes novel and testable predictions. Thus, the model appears to provide a framework for understanding resurgence and serves to integrate the phenomenon into the existing theoretical account of persistence provided by behavioral momentum theory. In addition, we discuss some potential implications of the model for further development of behavioral momentum theory. PMID:21541118
Feature Selection with Neighborhood Entropy-Based Cooperative Game Theory
Zeng, Kai; She, Kun; Niu, Xinzheng
Feature selection plays an important role in machine learning and data mining. In recent years, various feature measurements have been proposed to select significant features from high-dimensional datasets. However, most traditional feature selection methods will ignore some features which have strong classification ability as a group but are weak as individuals. To deal with this problem, we redefine the redundancy, interdependence, and independence of features by using neighborhood entropy. Then the neighborhood entropy-based feature contribution is proposed under the framework of cooperative game. The evaluative criteria of features can be formalized as the product of contribution and other classical feature measures. Finally, the proposed method is tested on several UCI datasets. The results show that neighborhood entropy-based cooperative game theory model (NECGT) yield better performance than classical ones. PMID:25276120
Feature selection with neighborhood entropy-based cooperative game theory.
Zeng, Kai; She, Kun; Niu, Xinzheng
Feature selection plays an important role in machine learning and data mining. In recent years, various feature measurements have been proposed to select significant features from high-dimensional datasets. However, most traditional feature selection methods will ignore some features which have strong classification ability as a group but are weak as individuals. To deal with this problem, we redefine the redundancy, interdependence, and independence of features by using neighborhood entropy. Then the neighborhood entropy-based feature contribution is proposed under the framework of cooperative game. The evaluative criteria of features can be formalized as the product of contribution and other classical feature measures. Finally, the proposed method is tested on several UCI datasets. The results show that neighborhood entropy-based cooperative game theory model (NECGT) yield better performance than classical ones. PMID:25276120
Nel's category theory based differential and integral Calculus, or did Newton know category theory ?
Elemer E Rosinger
In a series of publications in the early 1990s, L D Nel set up a study of non-normable topological vector spaces based on methods in category theory. One of the important results showed that the classical operations of derivative and integral in Calculus can in fact be obtained by a rather simple construction in categories. Here we present this result in a concise form. It is important to note that the respective differentiation does not lead to any so called generalized derivatives, for instance, in the sense of distributions, hyperfunctions, etc., but it simply corresponds to the classical one in Calculus. Based on that categorial construction, Nel set up an infinite dimensional calculus which can be applied to functions defined on non-convex domains with empty interior, a situation of great importance in the solution of partial differential equations
Buckling analysis of micro- and nano-rods\\/tubes based on nonlocal Timoshenko beam theory
C M Wang; Y Y Zhang; Sai Sudha Ramesh; S Kitipornchai
This paper is concerned with the elastic buckling analysis of micro- and nano-rods\\/tubes based on Eringen's nonlocal elasticity theory and the Timoshenko beam theory. In the former theory, the small scale effect is taken into consideration while the effect of transverse shear deformation is accounted for in the latter theory. The governing equations and the boundary conditions are derived using
Investigating the Learning-Theory Foundations of Game-Based Learning: A Meta-Analysis
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wu, W-H.; Hsiao, H-C.; Wu, P-L.; Lin, C-H.; Huang, S-H.
Past studies on the issue of learning-theory foundations in game-based learning stressed the importance of establishing learning-theory foundation and provided an exploratory examination of established learning theories. However, we found research seldom addressed the development of the use or failure to use learning-theory foundations andģ
An Infinite Number of Composite Plate Theories Based on an Invariant Model
Ponce, V. Miguel
An Infinite Number of Composite Plate Theories Based on an Invariant Model: the Generalized Unified which in- cludes practically all possible axiomatic theories. Any type of theory with any combination formula- tion implemented in a single FEM code, infinite Higher-order Shear Deformation Theories (HSDT
Validating a Theory-Based Survey to Evaluate Teaching Effectiveness in Higher Education
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Amrein-Beardsley, A.; Haladyna, T.
Surveys to evaluate instructor effectiveness are commonly used in higher education. Yet the survey items included are often drawn from other surveys without reference to a theory of adult learning. The authors present the results from a validation study of such a theory-based survey. They evidence that an evaluation survey based on a theory thatģ
Page 1 of 9 Category Theory Approach to Fusion of Wavelet-Based Features
Kokar, Mieczyslaw M.
Page 1 of 9 Category Theory Approach to Fusion of Wavelet-Based Features Scott A. DeLoach Air Force email@example.com Mieczyslaw M. Kokar Northeastern University Department of Electrical theory, the paper investigates the application of category theory to a wavelet based multisensor target
Development and evaluation of theory-based diabetes support services.
Guo, Sophie Huey-Ming; Lin, Yung-Hsiu; Chen, Rong-Rong; Kao, Shu-Fen; Chang, Her-Kun
Technology-enabled support services for diabetes can fulfill patient demand to care for diabetes independently. Patients benefit from such services after greater adoption of the services in healthcare systems. Unfortunately, conventional service development fails to thoroughly understand patient care support, making it difficult to achieve the desired design, and posing substantial challenges in adopting these services. Thus, previously developed services in many cases are not as patients expected, as evidenced by their low acceptance among patients. To solve this problem, adequate strategies must be developed by incorporating theoretical knowledge as a solid foundation in order to improve service design. This study develops technology-enabled diabetes support services based on the self-care theory. A set of self-care service scenarios is also established and combined with theoretical concepts. The developed services consist of a nurse-led consultation service and a mobile application service. Additionally, user acceptance is confirmed by assessing patient perceptions of the diabetes support services in a group of patients with diabetes (N=27). Results of analysis reveal that patients respond favorably toward the services. Patient preference and perceived ease of use attest to their intention to use the services. Greater adoption of the services can be anticipated, owing to a higher levels of preference and higher perceived ease of use. This study demonstrated that the self-care theory can be linked to nursing informatics research and chronic care clinical practices. PMID:22968249
A theory of individual-level predicates based on blind mandatory implicatures : constraint promotion for optimality theory
Magri, Giorgio, 1975-
Part I of this dissertation proposes an implicature-based theory of individual-level predicates. The idea is that we cannot say '#John is sometimes tall' because the sentence triggers the scalar implicature that the ...
Intelligent control based on fuzzy logic and neural net theory
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Lee, Chuen-Chien
In the conception and design of intelligent systems, one promising direction involves the use of fuzzy logic and neural network theory to enhance such systems' capability to learn from experience and adapt to changes in an environment of uncertainty and imprecision. Here, an intelligent control scheme is explored by integrating these multidisciplinary techniques. A self-learning system is proposed as an intelligent controller for dynamical processes, employing a control policy which evolves and improves automatically. One key component of the intelligent system is a fuzzy logic-based system which emulates human decision making behavior. It is shown that the system can solve a fairly difficult control learning problem. Simulation results demonstrate that improved learning performance can be achieved in relation to previously described systems employing bang-bang control. The proposed system is relatively insensitive to variations in the parameters of the system environment.
Correlated digital back propagation based on perturbation theory.
Liang, Xiaojun; Kumar, Shiva
We studied a simplified digital back propagation (DBP) scheme by including the correlation between neighboring signal samples. An analytical expression for calculating the correlation coefficients is derived based on a perturbation theory. In each propagation step, nonlinear distortion due to phase-dependent terms in the perturbative expansion are ignored which enhances the computational efficiency. The performance of the correlated DBP is evaluated by simulating a single-channel single-polarization fiber-optic system operating at 28 Gbaud, 32-quadrature amplitude modulation (32-QAM), and 40 ū 80 km transmission distance. As compared to standard DBP, correlated DBP reduces the total number of propagation steps by a factor of 10 without performance penalty. Correlated DBP with only 2 steps per link provides about one dB improvement in Q-factor over linear compensation. PMID:26072825
The use of theory-based nursing practice in the Department of Veterans' Affairs Medical Centers.
Bonamy, C; Schultz, P; Graham, K; Hampton, M
In this study, the authors surveyed the chief nurses of 152 Veterans' Health Administration Medical Centers to determine which medical centers based their nursing practice on one or more nursing theories or models. Of the 76 medical centers responding, 24 (35%) stated theory-based practice was in use in their institutions. The greatest number (16 of the 24) reported use of Orem's Self-Care Deficit theory or a combination of Orem with other theories. Most of the 24 chief nurses agreed that theory-based practice: 1) improves patient outcomes; 2) maximizes patient health; and 3) provides a consistent approach to care. However, they were less convinced that theory-based practice reduces nursing staff turnover or improves job satisfaction. They also stated that theory-based practice is more important to nursing administrators than to staff nurses. A similar survey of staff nurses is recommended. PMID:7869135
Image integrity authentication scheme based on fixed point theory.
Li, Xu; Sun, Xingming; Liu, Quansheng
Based on the fixed point theory, this paper proposes a new scheme for image integrity authentication, which is very different from digital signature and fragile watermarking. By the new scheme, the sender transforms an original image into a fixed point image (very close to the original one) of a well-chosen transform and sends the fixed point image (instead of the original one) to the receiver; using the same transform, the receiver checks the integrity of the received image by testing whether it is a fixed point image and locates the tampered areas if the image has been modified during the transmission. A realization of the new scheme is based on Gaussian convolution and deconvolution (GCD) transform, for which an existence theorem of fixed points is proved. The semifragility is analyzed via commutativity of transforms, and three commutativity theorems are found for the GCD transform. Three iterative algorithms are presented for finding a fixed point image with a few numbers of iterations, and for the whole procedure of image integrity authentication; a fragile authentication system and a semifragile one are separately built. Experiments show that both the systems have good performance in transparence, fragility, security, and tampering localization. In particular, the semifragile system can perfectly resist the rotation by a multiple of 90░ flipping and brightness attacks. PMID:25420259
Input-queued router architectures exploiting cell-based switching fabrics
component of a packet network is the switching node: switches in Ethernet LANs, ATM switches in the B by both the academic and the industrial communities to the design of ecient ATM switches for the B-ISDN [2
Schema Theory-based Computational Approach to Support Children's Conceptual Understanding
Dimitrova, Vania
Schema Theory-based Computational Approach to Support Children's Conceptual Understanding by Zukeri supporting their reasoning based on concrete objects and ideas. Human tutors normally use some dialogue. The design of such agents can be based on learning theories that explain how children understand new concepts
Density functional theory based generalized effective fragment potential method
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Nguyen, Kiet A.; Pachter, Ruth; Day, Paul N.
We present a generalized Kohn-Sham (KS) density functional theory (DFT) based effective fragment potential (EFP2-DFT) method for the treatment of solvent effects. Similar to the original Hartree-Fock (HF) based potential with fitted parameters for water (EFP1) and the generalized HF based potential (EFP2-HF), EFP2-DFT includes electrostatic, exchange-repulsion, polarization, and dispersion potentials, which are generated for a chosen DFT functional for a given isolated molecule. The method does not have fitted parameters, except for implicit parameters within a chosen functional and the dispersion correction to the potential. The electrostatic potential is modeled with a multipolar expansion at each atomic center and bond midpoint using Stone's distributed multipolar analysis. The exchange-repulsion potential between two fragments is composed of the overlap and kinetic energy integrals and the nondiagonal KS matrices in the localized molecular orbital basis. The polarization potential is derived from the static molecular polarizability. The dispersion potential includes the intermolecular D3 dispersion correction of Grimme et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 132, 154104 (2010)]. The potential generated from the CAMB3LYP functional has mean unsigned errors (MUEs) with respect to results from coupled cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples with a complete basis set limit (CCSD(T)/CBS) extrapolation, of 1.7, 2.2, 2.0, and 0.5 kcal/mol, for the S22, water-benzene clusters, water clusters, and n-alkane dimers benchmark sets, respectively. The corresponding EFP2-HF errors for the respective benchmarks are 2.41, 3.1, 1.8, and 2.5 kcal/mol. Thus, the new EFP2-DFT-D3 method with the CAMB3LYP functional provides comparable or improved results at lower computational cost and, therefore, extends the range of applicability of EFP2 to larger system sizes.
Density functional theory based generalized effective fragment potential method.
Nguyen, Kiet A; Pachter, Ruth; Day, Paul N
We present a generalized Kohn-Sham (KS) density functional theory (DFT) based effective fragment potential (EFP2-DFT) method for the treatment of solvent effects. Similar to the original Hartree-Fock (HF) based potential with fitted parameters for water (EFP1) and the generalized HF based potential (EFP2-HF), EFP2-DFT includes electrostatic, exchange-repulsion, polarization, and dispersion potentials, which are generated for a chosen DFT functional for a given isolated molecule. The method does not have fitted parameters, except for implicit parameters within a chosen functional and the dispersion correction to the potential. The electrostatic potential is modeled with a multipolar expansion at each atomic center and bond midpoint using Stone's distributed multipolar analysis. The exchange-repulsion potential between two fragments is composed of the overlap and kinetic energy integrals and the nondiagonal KS matrices in the localized molecular orbital basis. The polarization potential is derived from the static molecular polarizability. The dispersion potential includes the intermolecular D3 dispersion correction of Grimme et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 132, 154104 (2010)]. The potential generated from the CAMB3LYP functional has mean unsigned errors (MUEs) with respect to results from coupled cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples with a complete basis set limit (CCSD(T)/CBS) extrapolation, of 1.7, 2.2, 2.0, and 0.5 kcal/mol, for the S22, water-benzene clusters, water clusters, and n-alkane dimers benchmark sets, respectively. The corresponding EFP2-HF errors for the respective benchmarks are 2.41, 3.1, 1.8, and 2.5 kcal/mol. Thus, the new EFP2-DFT-D3 method with the CAMB3LYP functional provides comparable or improved results at lower computational cost and, therefore, extends the range of applicability of EFP2 to larger system sizes. PMID:24985612
IMMAN: free software for information theory-based chemometric analysis.
Urias, Ricardo W Pino; Barigye, Stephen J; Marrero-Ponce, Yovani; GarcĒa-Jacas, Cķsar R; Valdes-MartinĒ, Josķ R; Perez-Gimenez, Facundo
The features and theoretical background of a new and free computational program for chemometric analysis denominated IMMAN (acronym for Information theory-based CheMoMetrics ANalysis) are presented. This is multi-platform software developed in the Java programming language, designed with a remarkably user-friendly graphical interface for the computation of a collection of information-theoretic functions adapted for rank-based unsupervised and supervised feature selection tasks. A total of 20 feature selection parameters are presented, with the unsupervised and supervised frameworks represented by 10 approaches in each case. Several information-theoretic parameters traditionally used as molecular descriptors (MDs) are adapted for use as unsupervised rank-based feature selection methods. On the other hand, a generalization scheme for the previously defined differential Shannon's entropy is discussed, as well as the introduction of Jeffreys information measure for supervised feature selection. Moreover, well-known information-theoretic feature selection parameters, such as information gain, gain ratio, and symmetrical uncertainty are incorporated to the IMMAN software ( http://mobiosd-hub.com/imman-soft/ ), following an equal-interval discretization approach. IMMAN offers data pre-processing functionalities, such as missing values processing, dataset partitioning, and browsing. Moreover, single parameter or ensemble (multi-criteria) ranking options are provided. Consequently, this software is suitable for tasks like dimensionality reduction, feature ranking, as well as comparative diversity analysis of data matrices. Simple examples of applications performed with this program are presented. A comparative study between IMMAN and WEKA feature selection tools using the Arcene dataset was performed, demonstrating similar behavior. In addition, it is revealed that the use of IMMAN unsupervised feature selection methods improves the performance of both IMMAN and WEKA supervised algorithms. Graphic representation for Shannon's distribution of MD calculating software. PMID:25620721
Enhancing Student Learning in Knowledge-Based Courses: Integrating Team-Based Learning in Mass Communication Theory Classes
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Han, Gang; Newell, Jay
This study explores the adoption of the team-based learning (TBL) method in knowledge-based and theory-oriented journalism and mass communication (J&MC) courses. It first reviews the origin and concept of TBL, the relevant theories, and then introduces the TBL method and implementation, including procedures and assessments, employed in anģ
A Discrete Event Simulation Model for Evaluating the Performances of an M/G/C/C State Dependent Queuing System
Khalid, Ruzelan; M. Nawawi, Mohd Kamal; Kawsar, Luthful A.; Ghani, Noraida A.; Kamil, Anton A.; Mustafa, Adli
M/G/C/C state dependent queuing networks consider service rates as a function of the number of residing entities (e.g., pedestrians, vehicles, and products). However, modeling such dynamic rates is not supported in modern Discrete Simulation System (DES) software. We designed an approach to cater this limitation and used it to construct the M/G/C/C state-dependent queuing model in Arena software. Using the model, we have evaluated and analyzed the impacts of various arrival rates to the throughput, the blocking probability, the expected service time and the expected number of entities in a complex network topology. Results indicated that there is a range of arrival rates for each network where the simulation results fluctuate drastically across replications and this causes the simulation results and analytical results exhibit discrepancies. Detail results that show how tally the simulation results and the analytical results in both abstract and graphical forms and some scientific justifications for these have been documented and discussed. PMID:23560037
LSST Telescope Alignment Plan Based on Nodal Aberration Theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Sebag, J.; Gressler, W.; Schmid, T.; Rolland, J. P.; Thompson, K. P.
The optical alignment of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is potentially challenging, due to its fast three-mirror optical design and its large 3.5░ field of view (FOV). It is highly advantageous to align the three-mirror optical system prior to the integration of the complex science camera on the telescope, which corrects the FOV via three refractive elements and includes the operational wavefront sensors. A telescope alignment method based on nodal aberration theory (NAT) is presented here to address this challenge. Without the science camera installed on the telescope, the on-axis imaging performance of the telescope is diffraction-limited, but the field of view is not corrected. The nodal properties of the three-mirror telescope design have been analyzed and an alignment approach has been developed using the intrinsically linear nodal behavior, which is linked via sensitivities to the misalignment parameters. Since mirror figure errors will exist in any real application, a methodology to introduce primary-mirror figure errors into the analysis has been developed and is also presented.
Binary Platinum-Based Nanoclusters: A Density Functional Theory Investigation
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
da Silva, Juarez L. F.; Nomiyama, Ricardo K.; Piotrowski, MaurĒcio J.; Sobrinho, Diego Guedes; Chaves, Anderson S.
Binary Ptatinum-based nanoclusters have attracted great attention in the last years due to the possibility to improve the chemical and physical properties of Pt nanoclusters. In this work, we will report a theoretical study of the structure and electronic properties of the PtnTM55-n (TM = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rh, Au) nanoclusters using density functional theory as implemented in the Vienna Ab-Initio Simulation Package (VASP). We found negative values for the excess energy for all systems, except for TM = Au, which indicates a gain in stability of the nanoclusters in comparison to the parent systems, i.e., Pt55 and TM55. We observed that platinum has a strong preference to occupy the nanocluster surface, except for TM = Au, which can be explained by the large atomic radius of Pt atoms compared with with the Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn atoms. Our results indicate that the core-shell configuration, in which the core (13 TM atoms) and shell (42 Pt atoms) are from different chemical species, has greater stability compared with other compositions for all systems (except for TM = Au). Furthermore, we studied the average effective coordination, bond lengths, magnetic, and electronic properties of all those systems as a function of the composition. This work was supported by SŃo Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP).
Microcontact-based theory for acoustics in microdamaged materials
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Aleshin, V.; Van Den Abeele, K.
A universal theory describing the wide range of mechanical and acoustic phenomena in solids with internal contacts such as rocks, concrete, ceramics and composites is quite complex to develop. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the potential to deduce the macroscopic stress-strain constitutive equation for a material as a whole starting from the microscopic hysteretic force-displacement relationship of individual asperities in contact. The material considered in the proposed model contains a large number of isotropic oriented penny-shaped cracks with rough internal surfaces. The stress-strain relationship we obtained for such a material is based on physical principles and laws. Even so, it displays close resemblance to the phenomenological Preisach-Mayergoyz model adopted for mechanical hysteresis and nonlinearity. This constitutive relationship is then used to simulate an experiment with standing acoustic waves in a resonant bar, and to compare model predictions to actual observations. We show that the most important experimentally measurable nonlinear features of these materials, such as the typical classical and nonclassical shifting behavior of the resonant frequency, the dependencies of the amplitudes of the generated harmonics, the softening due to intensive straining, and the subsequent relaxation effect (slow dynamics) can be attributed and explained in terms of the mechanics and the statistics of the internal contacts. The present model bridges the gap between three scales: macroscopic (material as a whole), mesoscopic (structure of intergranular contacts and cracks) and microscopic scale (contacts of individual asperities).
Impact of an Evidence-Based Medicine Curriculum Based on Adult Learning Theory
Green, Michael L; Ellis, Peter J
OBJECTIVE To develop and implement an evidence-based medicine (EBM) curriculum and determine its effectiveness in improving residents' EBM behaviors and skills. DESIGN Description of the curriculum and a multifaceted evaluation, including a pretest-posttest controlled trial. SETTING University-based primary care internal medicine residency program. PARTICIPANTS Second- and third-year internal medicine residents (N =34). INTERVENTIONS A 7-week EBM curriculum in which residents work through the steps of evidence-based decisions for their own patients. Based on adult learning theory, the educational strategy included a resident-directed tutorial format, use of real clinical encounters, and specific EBM facilitating techniques for faculty. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Behaviors and self-assessed competencies in EBM were measured with questionnaires. Evidence-based medicine skills were assessed with a 17-point test, which required free text responses to questions based on a clinical vignette and a test article. After the intervention, residents participating in the curriculum (case subjects) increased their use of original studies to answer clinical questions, their examination of methods and results sections of articles, and their self-assessed EBM competence in three of five domains of EBM, while the control subjects did not. The case subjects significantly improved their scores on the EBM skills test (8.5 to 11.0, p =.001), while the control subjects did not (8.5 to 7.1, p =.09). The difference in the posttest scores of the two groups was 3.9 points (p =.001, 95% confidence interval 1.9, 5.9). CONCLUSIONS An EBM curriculum based on adult learning theory improves residents' EBM skills and certain EBM behaviors. The description and multifaceted evaluation can guide medical educators involved in EBM training. PMID:9436893
How to Queue a Connect Email Emails should only be queued after they are completely finished and ready to be sent out to students and prospective
Hart, Gus
How to Queue a Connect Email Emails should only be queued after they are completely finished and ready to be sent out to students and prospective applicants. Select queue to the left of the email that you would like to send out in your email templates folder. Select the appropriate communication plan
WIRELESS LAN ACCESS POINT MODELING AS A QUEUING SYSTEM Iyad Al Khatib, Gerald Q. Maguire Jr., Rassul Ayani, and Daniel Forsgren
Jantsch, Axel
We seek to model the processing in a wireless LAN access point (WLAN AP). A set of assumptionsWIRELESS LAN ACCESS POINT MODELING AS A QUEUING SYSTEM Iyad Al Khatib, Gerald Q. Maguire Jr This paper presents a research study of wireless LAN access points for IEEE 802.11b, where we seek to model
Development and Evaluation of a Theory-Based Physical Activity Guidebook for Breast Cancer Survivors
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Vallance, Jeffrey K.; Courneya, Kerry S.; Taylor, Lorian M.; Plotnikoff, Ronald C.; Mackey, John R.
This study's objective was to develop and evaluate the suitability and appropriateness of a theory-based physical activity (PA) guidebook for breast cancer survivors. Guidebook content was constructed based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) using salient exercise beliefs identified by breast cancer survivors in previous research. Expertģ
A Theory-Driven Integrative Process/Outcome Evaluation of a Concept-Based Nursing Curriculum
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fromer, Rosemary F.
The current trend in curriculum revision in nursing education is concept-based learning, but little research has been done on concept-based curricula in nursing education. The study used a theory-driven integrative process/outcome evaluation. Embedded in this theory-driven integrative process/outcome evaluation was a causal comparativeģ
Fast extracting of change area from remote sensing image by Fuzzy theory and case base reasoning
Ting-shiuan Wang; Teng-to Yu
This study presents the technology to combine the remote sensing image of SPOT and FORMOSAT-2 satellite image by Fuzzy theory and case base reasoning. This method adopt three experience identify factors of NDVI, shape, and color to establish the membership function. The Fuzzy theory was applied to estimate the process of thinking as the human brain; while the Case Base
Vulnerability assessment of bulk power grid based on complex network theory
Zhang Guohua; Wang Ce; Zhang Jianhua; Yang Jingyan; Zhang Yin; Duan Manyin
The vulnerability assessment algorithm of the bulk power grid based on complex network theory is proposed in this paper. The traditional research model of the power grid based on complex network theory is a graph with no direction and no weight at present. Because this model is far from the real power system, sometimes the wrong results may be gotten.
Comments on regularization of identity based solutions in string field theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Aldo Arroyo, E.
We analyze the consistency of the recently proposed regularization of an identity based solution in open bosonic string field theory. We show that the equation of motion is satisfied when it is contracted with the regularized solution itself. Additionally, we propose a similar regularization of an identity based solution in the modified cubic superstring field theory.
Lyapunov-based Controller using Singular Perturbation Theory: An Application on a mini-UAV
Paris-Sud XI, Universitķ de
Lyapunov-based Controller using Singular Perturbation Theory: An Application on a mini-UAV Gerardo Flores and R. Lozano Abstract-- In this paper, a Lyapunov-based control using singular perturbation not address the problem in a theoretical point of view, using tools like the singular perturbation theory
Category Theory Approach to Fusion of Wavelet-Based Features Scott A. DeLoach
Deloach, Scott A.
Category Theory Approach to Fusion of Wavelet-Based Features Scott A. DeLoach Air Force Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433 Scott the application of category theory to a wavelet based multisensor target recognition system, the Automatic
Theory and experiments in model-based space system anomaly management
Christopher Adam Kitts
This research program consists of an experimental study of model-based reasoning methods for detecting, diagnosing and resolving anomalies that occur when operating a comprehensive space system. Using a first principles approach, several extensions were made to the existing field of model-based fault detection and diagnosis in order to develop a general theory of model-based anomaly management. Based on this theory,
Toward A Brain-Based Theory of Beauty
Ishizu, Tomohiro; Zeki, Semir
We wanted to learn whether activity in the same area(s) of the brain correlate with the experience of beauty derived from different sources. 21 subjects took part in a brain-scanning experiment using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Prior to the experiment, they viewed pictures of paintings and listened to musical excerpts, both of which they rated on a scale of 1¢9, with 9 being the most beautiful. This allowed us to select three sets of stimuli¢beautiful, indifferent and ugly¢which subjects viewed and heard in the scanner, and rated at the end of each presentation. The results of a conjunction analysis of brain activity showed that, of the several areas that were active with each type of stimulus, only one cortical area, located in the medial orbito-frontal cortex (mOFC), was active during the experience of musical and visual beauty, with the activity produced by the experience of beauty derived from either source overlapping almost completely within it. The strength of activation in this part of the mOFC was proportional to the strength of the declared intensity of the experience of beauty. We conclude that, as far as activity in the brain is concerned, there is a faculty of beauty that is not dependent on the modality through which it is conveyed but which can be activated by at least two sources¢musical and visual¢and probably by other sources as well. This has led us to formulate a brain-based theory of beauty. PMID:21755004
The viscoplasticity theory based on overstress applied to the modeling of a nickel base superalloy at 815 C
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Krempl, E.; Lu, H.; Yao, D.
Short term strain rate change, creep and relaxation tests were performed in an MTS computer controlled servohydraulic testing machine. Aging and recovery were found to be insignificant for test times not exceeding 30 hrs. The material functions and constants of the theory were identified from results of strain rate change tests. Numerical integration of the theory for relaxation and creep tests showed good predictive capabilities of the viscoplasticity theory based on overstress.
A State-Space Based Approach To Quantum Field Theory
Cambridge, University of
in length. Carl E. Dolby #12; Acknowledgements My most grateful thanks go to Dr Steve Gull for his numerous for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington. I would like to thank the friendly sta#11; of the Institute
Theory of mind and rule-based reasoning
Tibor Palfai; P. D. Zelazo
The hypothesis is tested that during the preschool period a particular form of reasoning is applied to theory of mind and a set of problems that do not require the understanding of mental states. Three experiments each provided a different piece of support for this hypothesis. Experiment 1 found similar age-related changes between three standard theory-of-mind tasks (false belief, appearance-reality
Cognition Theory Based Performance Characterization in Computer Vision
Aimin Wu; De Xu; Zhaozheng Nie; Xu Yang
\\u000a It is very difficult to evaluate the performance of computer vision algorithms at present. We argue that visual cognition\\u000a theory can be used to challenge this task. In this paper, we first illustrate why and how to use vision cognition theory to\\u000a evaluate the performance of computer vision algorithms. Then from the perspective of computer science, we summarize some of
Prior Individual Training and Self-Organized Queuing during Group Emergency Escape of Mice from Water Pool
Saloma, Caesar; Perez, Gay Jane; Gavile, Catherine Ann; Ick-Joson, Jacqueline Judith; Palmes-Saloma, Cynthia
We study the impact of prior individual training during group emergency evacuation using mice that escape from an enclosed water pool to a dry platform via any of two possible exits. Experimenting with mice avoids serious ethical and legal issues that arise when dealing with unwitting human participants while minimizing concerns regarding the reliability of results obtained from simulated experiments using æactorsÆ. First, mice were trained separately and their individual escape times measured over several trials. Mice learned quickly to swim towards an exit¢they achieved their fastest escape times within the first four trials. The trained mice were then placed together in the pool and allowed to escape. No two mice were permitted in the pool beforehand and only one could pass through an exit opening at any given time. At first trial, groups of trained mice escaped seven and five times faster than their corresponding control groups of untrained mice at pool occupancy rate ? of 11.9% and 4%, respectively. Faster evacuation happened because trained mice: (a) had better recognition of the available pool space and took shorter escape routes to an exit, (b) were less likely to form arches that blocked an exit opening, and (c) utilized the two exits efficiently without preference. Trained groups achieved continuous egress without an apparent leader-coordinator (self-organized queuing)Śa collective behavior not experienced during individual training. Queuing was unobserved in untrained groups where mice were prone to wall seeking, aimless swimming and/or blind copying that produced circuitous escape routes, biased exit use and clogging. The experiments also reveal that faster and less costly group training at ? = 4%, yielded an average individual escape time that is comparable with individualized training. However, group training in a more crowded pool (? = 11.9%) produced a longer average individual escape time. PMID:25693170
On The Relationship between Knowledge-based Systems Theory
Wallingford, Eugene
and application-level programs is not well understood. In the early "roaring 80's," rule-based systems were approach is fundamentally that "expert-level, domain-oriented problem solving can be captured in a rule-based in rule-based system shells. Given the Turing Thesis, a rule-based system can in fact compute anything
A Theory of Asset Pricing Based on Heterogeneous Information
Elias Albagli; Christian Hellwig; Aleh Tsyvinski
We propose a theory of asset prices that emphasizes heterogeneous information as the main element determining prices of different securities. Our main analytical innovation is in formulating a model of noisy information aggregation through asset prices, which is parsimonious and tractable, yet flexible in the specification of cash flow risks. We show that the noisy aggregation of heterogeneous investor beliefs
Theory-based Bayesian models of inductive learning and reasoning
Joshua B. Tenenbaum; Thomas L. Griffiths; Charles Kemp
Inductive inference allows humans to make powerful generalizations from sparse data when learning about word meanings, unobserved properties, causal relationships, and many other aspects of the world. Traditional accounts of induction emphasize either the power of statistical learning, or the importance of strong constraints from structured domain knowledge, intuitive theories or schemas. We argue that both components are necessary to
Receiver-Coupling Schemes Based On Optimal-Estimation Theory
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Kumar, Rajendra
Two schemes for reception of weak radio signals conveying digital data via phase modulation provide for mutual coupling of multiple receivers, and coherent combination of outputs of receivers. In both schemes, optimal mutual-coupling weights computed according to Kalman-filter theory, but differ in manner of transmission and combination of outputs of receivers.
A Theory of Impedance Control based on Internal Model UncertaintyĀ
Mitrovic, Djordje; Klanke, Stefan; Vijayakumar, Sethu; Haith, Adrian
level mechanisms to try to account for observed human co-activation patterns [3]. However these models are of a rather descriptive nature and do not provide us with a general and principled theory of impedance control in the nervous system....
IP theory Based on Proper Scoring Rules - Preliminary Findings
T. Seidenfeld; M. J. Schervish; J. B. Kadane
De Finetti's (1974) theory of coherent 2-sided previsions serves as the basis for numerous IP generalizations. His 2-person, zero-sum prevision-game uses a class of bounded random variables X measurable with respect to some common space {? , B}. One player, the bookie, is required to post a \\
Investigation on Kane dynamic equations based on screw theory for open-chain manipulators
Liu Wu-fa; Gong Zhen-bang; Wang Qin-que
First, screw theory, product of exponential formulas and Jacobian matrix are introduced. Then definitions are given about\\u000a active force wrench, inertial force wrench, partial velocity twist, generalized active force, and generalized inertial force\\u000a according to screw theory. After that Kane dynamic equations based on screw theory for open-chain manipulators have been derived.\\u000a Later on how to compute the partial velocity
Stability of spatial structure of urban agglomeration in China based on Central Place Theory
Chuanglin Fang; Jitao Song; Dunjiang Song
This paper brings forward the concept of stability of the spatial structure of urban agglomeration (UA) based on Central Place\\u000a Theory by introducing centrality index and fractal theory. Before assessment, K=4 is selected as parameter to calculate centrality index and fractal dimension (K represents the quantitive relationship between city and the counties in Central Place Theory), and then found the
A theory-based approach to teaching young children about health: A recipe for understanding
Nguyen, Simone P.; McCullough, Mary Beth; Noble, Ashley
The theory-theory account of conceptual development posits that childrenÆs concepts are integrated into theories. Concept learning studies have documented the central role that theories play in childrenÆs learning of experimenter-defined categories, but have yet to extensively examine complex, real-world concepts such as health. The present study examined whether providing young children with coherent and causally-related information in a theory-based lesson would facilitate their learning about the concept of health. This study used a pre-test/lesson/post-test design, plus a five month follow-up. Children were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: theory (i.e., 20 children received a theory-based lesson); nontheory (i.e., 20 children received a nontheory-based lesson); and control (i.e., 20 children received no lesson). Overall, the results showed that children in the theory condition had a more accurate conception of health than children in the nontheory and control conditions, suggesting the importance of theories in childrenÆs learning of complex, real-world concepts. PMID:21894237
Capacity and delay estimation for roundabouts using conflict theory.
Qu, Zhaowei; Duan, Yuzhou; Hu, Hongyu; Song, Xianmin
To estimate the capacity of roundabouts more accurately, the priority rank of each stream is determined through the classification technique given in the Highway Capacity Manual 2010 (HCM2010), which is based on macroscopical analysis of the relationship between entry flow and circulating flow. Then a conflict matrix is established using the additive conflict flow method and by considering the impacts of traffic characteristics and limited priority with high volume. Correspondingly, the conflict relationships of streams are built using probability theory. Furthermore, the entry capacity model of roundabouts is built, and sensitivity analysis is conducted on the model parameters. Finally, the entrance delay model is derived using queuing theory, and the proposed capacity model is compared with the model proposed by Wu and that in the HCM2010. The results show that the capacity calculated by the proposed model is lower than the others for an A-type roundabout, while it is basically consistent with the estimated values from HCM2010 for a B-type roundabout. PMID:24982982
Category Theory-Based Synthesis of a Higher-Level Fusion Algorithm: An Example
Kokar, Mieczyslaw M.
Category Theory-Based Synthesis of a Higher-Level Fusion Algorithm: An Example Mieczyslaw M. email@example.com email@example.com email@example.com Abstract - Higher-level fusion (e.g., Level 2 that deals theory, system synthesis, templates. 1 Introduction One of the definitions of information fusion (or data
Linear theory of the thermoelectric cooling based on the Peltier effect
Oscar Angeles Fragoso; Fernando Adßn Serrano Orosco; Jes·s Audelo Gonzßlez; G. Logvinov
A linear theory of the thermoelectric cooling (the Peltier effect) at the junction of two semiconductors is suggested. This theory is based on the analysis of the energy balance equation under the electric and thermal currents flowing through the semiconductor structure. Temperature distributions in the structure and the maximum temperature at the junction are calculated.
A lifetime prognostics method for aviation generator based on grey theory
Cui Jianguo; Zhao Yunlongl; Yu Fenz; Liu Liqiu; Li Zhonghai; Qiu Nanl
For the problem that aviation generator lifetime prognostics is difficult, this paper proposes a prognostics method for aviation generator lifetime based on grey theory. A real military aviation generator is tested to obtain a large number of lifetime data. After the analysis about the military aviation generator lifetime data, the paper uses grey theory to design two models of aviation
Progression and Heterogeneity in Colorectal Cancer A Model Based on The Kinetic Theory for Active
Ceragioli, Francesca
Progression and Heterogeneity in Colorectal Cancer Dynamics A Model Based on The Kinetic Theory. Key words: Colorectal Cancer, Kinetic Theory, Active Particles, Stochastic Games, Evolution, Mutations of a mathematical model describing col- orectal cancer dynamics at cellular scale within the mathematical frameworks
Continuous and discrete flows over time A general model based on measure theory
Nabben, Reinhard
Continuous and discrete flows over time A general model based on measure theory Ronald Koch to time modeling: discrete and continuous time models. In this paper we deploy measure theory in order to introduce a general model of network flows over time combining both discrete and continuous aspects
Identifying Barriers in Implementing Outcomes-Based Assessment Program Review: A Grounded Theory Analysis
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bresciani, Marilee J.
The purpose of this grounded theory study was to identify the typical barriers encountered by faculty and administrators when implementing outcomes-based assessment program review. An analysis of interviews with faculty and administrators at nine institutions revealed a theory that faculty and administrators' promotion, tenure (if applicable),ģ
Hybrid Genetic-Based Support Vector Regression with Feng Shui Theory for Appraising Real Estate Price
Chih-hung Wu; Chi-hua Li; I-ching Fang; Chin-chia Hsu; Wei-ting Lin; Chia-hsiang Wu
In this paper, we proposed a novel house prediction model that integrated hybrid genetic-based support vector regression (HGA-SVR) model and feng shui theories for developing a high accuracy appraising real estate price system in Taiwan. In Taiwan, feng shui theory applies in choosing good days, divination and house selection. From the past researches, many factors might affect the real estate
Cooperative Learning: Improving University Instruction by Basing Practice on Validated Theory
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Johnson, David W.; Johnson, Roger T.; Smith, Karl A.
Cooperative learning is an example of how theory validated by research may be applied to instructional practice. The major theoretical base for cooperative learning is social interdependence theory. It provides clear definitions of cooperative, competitive, and individualistic learning. Hundreds of research studies have validated its basicģ
Social Learning Theory Parenting Intervention Promotes Attachment-Based Caregiving in Young Children: Randomized Clinical Trial
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
O'Connor, Thomas G.; Matias, Carla; Futh, Annabel; Tantam, Grace; Scott, Stephen
Parenting programs for school-aged children are typically based on behavioral principles as applied in social learning theory. It is not yet clear if the benefits of these interventions extend beyond aspects of the parent-child relationship quality conceptualized by social learning theory. The current study examined the extent to which a socialģ
Research of Information Security Risk Management Based on Statistical Learning Theory
Zhao Li; Wu Yongchun; Wu Xuexia
Traditional methods used in the information security risk management are mostly based on the statistics, their validity of application are limited to large sample situations, while the statistical learning theory is introduced to the innovation of information security management, its structural risk minimization principle and from which the support vector machine developed offer new theory basis for predicting the security
Computer Support of Groups: Theory-Based Models for GDSS Research
V. Srinivasan Rao; Sirkka L. Jarvenpaa
Empirical research in the area of computer support of groups is characterized by inconsistent results across studies. This paper attempts to reconcile the inconsistencies by linking the ad hoc reasoning in the studies to existing theories of communication, minority influence and human information processing. Contingency models are then presented based on the theories discussed. The paper concludes by discussing the
A general constitutive equation of an ER suspension based on the internal variable theory
B. Wang; Z. Xiao
Summary. A microstructural constitutive theory of ER suspensions was formulated in this investigation. The framework was based on the internal variable theory and the mechanism analysis. The ER suspension consists of fine particles with high dielectric constant and the supporting fluid. Under the action of the electric field, the polarized particles will aggregate together to form the chain-like structures along
A basic introduction to large deviations: Theory, applications, simulations
Hugo Touchette
The theory of large deviations deals with the probabilities of rare events (or fluctuations) that are exponentially small as a function of some parameter, e.g., the number of random components of a system, the time over which a stochastic system is observed, the amplitude of the noise perturbing a dynamical system or the temperature of a chemical reaction. The theory has applications in many different scientific fields, ranging from queuing theory to statistics and from finance to engineering. It is also increasingly used in statistical physics for studying both equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems. In this context, deep analogies can be made between familiar concepts of statistical physics, such as the entropy and the free energy, and concepts of large deviation theory having more technical names, such as the rate function and the scaled cumulant generating function. The first part of these notes introduces the basic elements of large deviation theory at a level appropriate for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in physics, engineering, chemistry, and mathematics. The focus there is on the simple but powerful ideas behind large deviation theory, stated in non-technical terms, and on the application of these ideas in simple stochastic processes, such as sums of independent and identically distributed random variables and Markov processes. Some physical applications of these processes are covered in exercises contained at the end of each section. In the second part, the problem of numerically evaluating large deviation probabilities is treated at a basic level. The fundamental idea of importance sampling is introduced there together with its sister idea, the exponential change of measure. Other numerical methods based on sample means and generating functions, with applications to Markov processes, are also covered.
Access Scheduling Based on Time Water-Filling for Next Generation Wireless LANs
Yanikoglu, Berrin
with better fairness. Keywords- Wireless LANs, opportunistic scheduling, queuing theory, scheduling scheduling enhances the capacity of wireless networks by exploiting the multi user diversity. When frame. In this paper, we extend this work to design a scheduler that performs block scheduling for maximizing network
A Soft Sensing-Based Cognitive Access Scheme Exploiting Primary Feedback
Boyer, Edmond
. Seddik , Ahmed K. Sultan , Tamer ElBatt and Amr A. El-Sherif Wireless Intelligent Networks Center (WINC a queuing theory point of view. Access probabilities are determined by solving a secondary email@example.com, email@example.com, email@example.com Abstract-- In this paper, we examine a cognitive spectrum access
Local control theory in trajectory-based nonadiabatic dynamics
Curchod, Basile F. E.; Penfold, Thomas J.; Rothlisberger, Ursula; Tavernelli, Ivano [Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne (Switzerland); Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, (Switzerland); Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, ISIC, FSB-BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, (Switzerland); SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen (Switzerland); Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne (Switzerland)
In this paper, we extend the implementation of nonadiabatic molecular dynamics within the framework of time-dependent density-functional theory in an external field described in Tavernelli et al.[Phys. Rev. A 81, 052508 (2010)] by calculating on-the-fly pulses to control the population transfer between electronic states using local control theory. Using Tully's fewest switches trajectory surface hopping method, we perform MD to control the photoexcitation of LiF and compare the results to quantum dynamics (QD) calculations performed within the Heidelberg multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree package. We show that this approach is able to calculate a field that controls the population transfer between electronic states. The calculated field is in good agreement with that obtained from QD, and the differences that arise are discussed in detail.
Ground Movement Analysis Based on Stochastic Medium Theory
Fei, Meng; Li-chun, Wu; Jia-sheng, Zhang; Guo-dong, Deng; Zhi-hui, Ni
In order to calculate the ground movement induced by displacement piles driven into horizontal layered strata, an axisymmetric model was built and then the vertical and horizontal ground movement functions were deduced using stochastic medium theory. Results show that the vertical ground movement obeys normal distribution function, while the horizontal ground movement is an exponential function. Utilizing field measured data, parameters of these functions can be obtained by back analysis, and an example was employed to verify this model. Result shows that stochastic medium theory is suitable for calculating the ground movement in pile driving, and there is no need to consider the constitutive model of soil or contact between pile and soil. This method is applicable in practice. PMID:24701184
Numerical Synthesis of Overconstrained Mechanisms Based on Screw Theory
Renķ Bartkowiak; Christoph Woernle
\\u000a An approach for the synthesis of overconstrained single-loop mechanisms with helical joints using screw theory is presented.\\u000a By expressing higher-order derivatives of the screw axes with respect to the joint coordinates a local approximation of the\\u000a closure conditions is obtained. The approximation is used to define conditions for the finite mobility of overconstrained\\u000a mechanisms.
Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Building Energy Efficiency Based on Rough Sets TheoryĀ
Ding, L.; Ruan, X.; Huang, J.; Li, Y.
ICEBO2006, Shenzhen, China Building Commissioning for Energy Efficiency and Comfort, Vol. VI-3-1 Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Building Energy Efficiency Based on Rough Sets Theory Lixing Ding Xiuying Ruan Jingyuan Huang Yueming...
Joint inversion of receiver function and ambient noise based on Bayesian theory
van der Hilst, Robert D.
In this study, we present a method for the joint inversion of receiver function and ambient noise based on Bayesian inverse theory (Tarantola, 1987, 2005). The nonlinear inversion method of the complex spectrum ratio of ...
Based on two-port network theory simulation of electromagnetic wave propagation in multilayer medium
V. V. Kostyleva; A. B. Smirnov; V. A. Nikolayev; S. P. Medvedev
The simulation program for analysis of impulse electromagnetic wave propagation in multilayer medium providing to take into account the frequency dependence of electrophysical parameters of layers (dispersion) was developed based on two-port network theory.
A Comparison of Shewhart Control Charts based on Normality, Nonparametrics, and Extreme-Value Theory
R. A. Ion; R. J. M. M. Does; C. A. J. Klaassen
Several control charts for individual observations are compared. The traditional ones are the well-known Shewhart control charts with estimators for the spread based on the sample standard deviation and the average of the moving ranges. The alternatives are nonparametric control charts, based on empirical quantiles, and some new control charts based on kernel estimators, and extreme-value theory. The use of
A game theory based highway cost allocation method with non-denumerable vehicle passageĀ
Castano-Pardo, Alberto
A GAME THEORY BASED HIGHWAY COST ALLOCATION METHOD WITH NON-DENUMERABLE VEHICLE PASSAGE A Thesis by ALBERTO CASTANO-PARDO Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M TJniversity in partial fulfillment of the requirements... for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE December 1992 Major Subject: Industrial Engineering A GAME THEORY BASED HIGHWAY COST ALLOCATION METHOD WITH NON-DENUMERABLE VEHICLE PASSAGE A Thesis by ALBERTO CASTANO-PARDO Approved as to style and content by: A...
Patient and nurse experiences of theory-based care.
Flanagan, Jane
The pre-surgery nursing practice model derived from Newman's theory was developed to change the delivery of nursing care in a pre-surgical clinic. Guided by the theoretical knowledge of health as expanding consciousness, transpersonal caring, and reflective practice, key practice changes included a) incorporating Newman's praxis process, b) changing the physical space, and c) providing opportunities to reflect on practice. The purpose of this study was to utilize a phenomenological approach to evaluate a new model of care among 31 patients and 4 nurses. PMID:19342715
A novel fair queuing algorithm for hybrid wired\\/wireless architecture with wireless compensation to provide end-to-end quality of service support
Ajaz Sana; Xin Ye; Shahab Hussain; Mohammed A. Ali; Samir Ahmed
We proposed novel hybrid FSO\\/RF architecture1 to provide broadband wireless access to end users. To provide quality of service (QoS) bounds for different types of traffic(voice, video and data) we proposed some fair queuing algorithms2,3 ,but because of the hybrid wired and wireless links there can be certain times allocated to a host when that host is unable to transmit
Model system design for small-size unmanned helicopter based on moment theory, blade element theory and FlightLab software
Wang Xiaoqing; Huang Yimin
Model system based on moment theory, blade element theory and FlightLab software is designed for small-size unmanned helicopter. The system includes three models of helicopter, moment theory model (MTM), blade element theory model (BETM) and FlightLab model (FLM). MTM is used mainly for performance analysis, BETM for control system design and FLM for nonlinear real-time simulation. Then a high-reliable model
A Theory of Adaptable Contract-Based Service Composition G. Bernardi M. Bugliesi D. Macedonio S. Rossi
Bugliesi, Michele
A Theory of Adaptable Contract-Based Service Composition G. Bernardi M. Bugliesi D. Macedonio S). In this paper, we develop a new theory of adaptable compositions that draws on the theory of contracts develo theory of service contract compositions and filters. Section 4 describes the al- gorithm for synthesizing
Determination of the Sediment Carrying Capacity Based on Perturbed Theory
Ni, Zhi-hui; Zeng, Qiang; Li-chun, Wu
According to the previous studies of sediment carrying capacity, a new method of sediment carrying capacity on perturbed theory was proposed. By taking into account the average water depth, average flow velocity, settling velocity, and other influencing factors and introducing the median grain size as one main influencing factor in deriving the new formula, we established a new sediment carrying capacity formula. The coefficients were determined by the principle of dimensional analysis, multiple linear regression method, and the least square method. After that, the new formula was verified through measuring data of natural rivers and flume tests and comparing the verified results calculated by Cao Formula, Zhang Formula, Li Formula, Engelung-Hansen Formula, Ackers-White Formula, and Yang Formula. According to the compared results, it can be seen that the new method is of high accuracy. It could be a useful reference for the determination of sediment carrying capacity. PMID:25136652
Cryptography based on operator theory (I): quantum no-key protocols
Li Yang; Min Liang
We study cryptography based on operator theory, and propose quantum no-key (QNK) protocols from the perspective of operator theory, then present a framework of QNK protocols. The framework is expressed in two forms: trace-preserving quantum operators and natural presentations. Then we defined the information-theoretical security of QNK protocols and the security of identification keys. Two kinds of QNK protocols are also proposed. The first scheme is constructed based on unitary transformation, and the other is constructed based on two multiplicative commutative sets.
Mine Ventilation Safety Assessment Based on FNN and DS Evidence Theory
He Jin-can; Xu Li-zhong; Yao Hong-xi; Shen Ping
This paper introduces an information fusion methodology, which is based on fuzzy neural network (FNN) and D-S evidence theory, to assess the mine ventilation system safety. This method imports fuzzy rule information, expert language information, etc. to fusion system by using fuzzy neural network, and uses the output of each neural network as the base probability assignment function (BPAF) of
Seismic Applications of Nonlinear Response Spectra Based on the Theory of Modal Analysis
K. K. F. Wong
A fast nonlinear response spectra analysis algorithm based on the theory of modal analysis and superposition is proposed to overcome the drawbacks of using the time-consuming nonlinear response history analysis in seismic design. Because linear modal analysis has found great acceptance in performance-based seismic engineering, it is here extended to the nonlinear domain by using the force analogy method that
Evaluating the Evidence Base for Relational Frame Theory: A Citation Analysis
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dymond, Simon; May, Richard J.; Munnelly, Anita; Hoon, Alice E.
Relational frame theory (RFT) is a contemporary behavior-analytic account of language and cognition. Since it was first outlined in 1985, RFT has generated considerable controversy and debate, and several claims have been made concerning its evidence base. The present study sought to evaluate the evidence base for RFT by undertaking a citationģ
A Novel Parallel Manipulator for Rotary Humanoid Wrist Based on Screw Theory
Guoxin Zhang; Song Zhu; Dachang Zhu; Cui Wu
A class of parallel manipulators known as Rotary Humanoid Wrist (RHW), which is actuated by six circular motors on the circular base and dose not involve any prismatic joint, is analyzed based on screw theory. Model of RHW is build by using simulink tools with constant length limbs. The mobility of RHW is analyzed and the optimal combination of the
Analysis of a novel parallel manipulator for Rotary Humanoid Wrist based on screw theory
Dachang Zhu; Jianwu Zhu; Yuefa Fang
A class of parallel manipulators known as rotary humanoid wrist (RHW), which is actuated by six circular motors on the circular base and dose not involve any prismatic joint, is analyzed based on screw theory. Model of RHW is build by using simulink tools with constant length limbs. The mobility of RHW is analyzed and the optimal combination of the
Score Reliability of a Test Composed of Passage-Based Testlets: A Generalizability Theory Perspective.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lee, Yong-Won
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of local item dependence (LID) in passage-based testlets on the test score reliability of an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) reading comprehension test from the perspective of generalizability (G) theory. Definitions and causes of LID in passage-based testlets are reviewed within theģ
Artificial immune theory based network intrusion detection system and the algorithms design
Xiang-Rong Yang; Jun-Yi Shen; Rui Wang
A network intrusion detection model based on artificial immune theory is proposed in this paper. In this model, self patterns and non-self patterns are built upon frequent behaviors sequences, then a simple but efficient algorithm for encoding patterns is proposed. Based on the result of encoding, another algorithm for creating detectors is presented, which integrates a negative selection with the
An Instructional Design Theory for Interactions in Web-Based Learning Environments.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lee, Miyoung; Paulus, Trena
This study developed and formatively evaluated an instructional design theory to guide designers in selecting when and how to utilize interactions as instructional methods in a Web-based distance learning higher education environment. Research questions asked: What are the types and outcomes of interactions between participants in a Web-basedģ
Development of a Brief Measure of Career Development Influences Based on the Systems Theory Framework
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bridgstock, Ruth
This paper documents the initial development and validation of a brief quantitative measure of career development influences based on the Systems Theory Framework (STF) of career development (McMahon & Patton, 1995; Patton & McMahon, 1997, 1999, 2006). Initial exploratory factor analyses of pilot study data revealed a six-factor structure based onģ
Optimal source-modulation frequencies for transport-theory-based optical tomography of
Hielscher, Andreas
Optimal source-modulation frequencies for transport-theory-based optical tomography of small-domain optical tomography (FDOT) the quality of the reconstruction result is affected by the choice of the source-935 (2007). 3. A. Joshi, W. Bangerth and E. M. Sevick-Muraca, +Adaptive finite element based tomography
A Comparison of Measurement Equivalence Methods Based on Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Item Response Theory.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Flowers, Claudia P.; Raju, Nambury S.; Oshima, T. C.
Current interest in the assessment of measurement equivalence emphasizes two methods of analysis, linear, and nonlinear procedures. This study simulated data using the graded response model to examine the performance of linear (confirmatory factor analysis or CFA) and nonlinear (item-response-theory-based differential item function or IRT-Basedģ
arXiv:quant-ph/0702167v116Feb2007 Quantum Game Theory Based on the Schmidt Decomposition
Tsutsui, Izumi
arXiv:quant-ph/0702167v116Feb2007 Quantum Game Theory Based on the Schmidt Decomposition: Can formulation of quantum game theory based on the Schmidt de- composition, which has the merit game theory. The phase structure of the equilibria is determined for all values of entanglement
Covert Channel Detection Based on Scale-Free Networks Theory
Lan Li; Linglin Xia; Wenhong Wei
The detection of covert channel is of increasing interest in light of the recent study of network behaviorism. However, due to the high variation in legitimate network traffic, detecting covert channel is a challenging task. In this paper, we study and analyze a new covert channel detection methodology, based on the property of scale-free networks, with the objective of enhancing
Turbine blade casting die design method based on FBS theory
Zhou Tong; Wang Wenhu; Wang Hong
This paper put forward a method which is based on function-behavior-structure (FBS) according to the characters and demands of turbine blade die design. Through the analysis of the designing process of cavity, the paper researched on the mapping method of FBS which realized the automatic design of the cavity of precision casting mould on the basis of rule deduction and
Electro-fluidic microsystem modeling based on Kirchhoffian network theory
Peter Voigt; Gerhard Wachutka
We describe a comprehensive methodology for setting up physical-based, consistent full system models for economic and accurate numerical simulation of microsystems. In this approach, the microsystem is partitioned into so-called lumped elements, which interact with each other as constituent parts of a Kirchhoffian network. For each, a compact model with only a few degrees of freedom is formulated. This is
Knowledge-based connectionism for revising domain theories
Li Min Fu
A knowledge-based connectionist model for machine learning referred to as KBCNN is presented. In the KBCNN learning model, useful domain attributes and concepts are first identified and linked in a way consistent with initial domain knowledge, and then the links are weighted properly so as to maintain the semantics. Hidden units and additional connections may be introduced into this initial
Learning Trajectory Based Instruction: Toward a Theory of Teaching
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sztajn, Paola; Confrey, Jere; Wilson, P. Holt; Edgington, Cynthia
In this article, we propose a theoretical connection between research on learning and research on teaching through recent research on students' learning trajectories (LTs). We define learning trajectory based instruction (LTBI) as teaching that uses students' LTs as the basis for instructional decisions. We use mathematics as the context for ourģ
Theory for a gas composition sensor based on acoustic properties
Scott Phillips; Yefim Dain; Richard M. Lueptow
Sound travelling through a gas propagates at different speeds and its intensity attenuates to different degrees depending upon the composition of the gas. Theoretically, a real-time gaseous composition sensor could be based on measuring the sound speed and the acoustic attenuation. To this end, the speed of sound was modelled using standard relations, and the acoustic attenuation was modelled using
Integrated Models of School-Based Prevention: Logic and Theory
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Domitrovich, Celene E.; Bradshaw, Catherine P.; Greenberg, Mark T.; Embry, Dennis; Poduska, Jeanne M.; Ialongo, Nicholas S.
School-based prevention programs can positively impact a range of social, emotional, and behavioral outcomes. Yet the current climate of accountability pressures schools to restrict activities that are not perceived as part of the core curriculum. Building on models from public health and prevention science, we describe an integrated approach toģ
Multicast Traffic Scheduling Based On High-Speed Crossbar Switches
Kuzmanov, Georgi
due the advances in fiber optic band- width that has created huge supply of wide-area network problem. We focus our study on the multicast traffic scheduling in crossbar based input queued (IQ scheduling algorithms achieve high performance under a wide range of realistic traffic patterns. Keywords
Treatment motivation in drug users: a theory-based analysis.
Longshore, Douglas; Teruya, Cheryl
Motivation for drug use treatment is widely regarded as crucial to a client's engagement in treatment and success in quitting drug use. Motivation is typically measured with items reflecting high treatment readiness (e.g., perceived need for treatment and commitment to participate) and low treatment resistance (e.g., skepticism regarding benefits of treatment). Building upon reactance theory and the psychotherapeutic construct of resistance, we conceptualized these two aspects of treatment motivation - readiness and resistance - as distinct constructs and examined their predictive power in a sample of 1295 drug-using offenders referred to treatment while on probation. The sample was 60.7% African Americans, 33.5% non-Hispanic Whites, and 21.2% women; their ages ranged from 16 to 63 years old. Interviews occurred at treatment entry and 6 months later. Readiness (but not resistance) predicted treatment retention during the 6-month period. Resistance (but not readiness) predicted drug use, especially among offenders for whom the treatment referral was coercive. These findings suggest that readiness and resistance should both be assessed among clients entering treatment, especially when the referral is coercive. Intake and counseling protocols should address readiness and resistance separately. PMID:16051447
A Web Exercise in Evidence-based Medicine Using Cognitive Theory
Lloyd, Farrell J; Reyna, Valerie F
Our aim was to improve clinical reasoning skills by applying an established theory of memory, cognition, and decision making (fuzzy-trace theory) to instruction in evidence-based medicine. Decision-making tasks concerning chest pain evaluation in women were developed for medical students and internal medicine residents. The fuzzy-trace theory guided the selection of online sources (e.g., target articles) and decision-making tasks. Twelve students and 22 internal medicine residents attended didactic conferences emphasizing search, evaluation, and clinical application of relevant evidence. A 17-item Likert scale questionnaire assessed participants' evaluation of the instruction. Ratings for each of the 17 items differed significantly from chance in favor of this alternative approach to instruction. We concluded that fuzzy-trace theory may be a useful guide for developing learning exercises in evidence-based medicine. PMID:11251760
Community-based family planning: theory and practice.
Luo, C
China implemented its family planning program based upon birth control more than two decades ago. The program has since accomplished much. However, the progress of the family planning program and the evolution of a more market-oriented economy have led to certain challenges. The traditional mechanism of central administrative regulation and control is no longer appropriate for the new conditions. In many aspects, administrative control has been shifting to incentive-based guidance, changing China's entire macromanagement system. Community involvement must be promoted to attract the cooperation of grassroots governmental units and public participation. Promoting such community involvement helps turn the national policy of family planning into the conscious actions of community members, lessening the tension between government officials and the public and resulting in the coordinated growth of the community. Strategy is discussed and examples presented of active community participation in family planning. PMID:12320624
Kinematics and dynamics of deployable structures with scissor-like-elements based on screw theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Sun, Yuantao; Wang, Sanmin; Mills, James K.; Zhi, Changjian
Because the deployable structures are complex multi-loop structures and methods of derivation which lead to simpler kinematic and dynamic equations of motion are the subject of research effort, the kinematics and dynamics of deployable structures with scissor-like-elements are presented based on screw theory and the principle of virtual work respectively. According to the geometric characteristic of the deployable structure examined, the basic structural unit is the common scissor-like-element(SLE). First, a spatial deployable structure, comprised of three SLEs, is defined, and the constraint topology graph is obtained. The equations of motion are then derived based on screw theory and the geometric nature of scissor elements. Second, to develop the dynamics of the whole deployable structure, the local coordinates of the SLEs and the Jacobian matrices of the center of mass of the deployable structure are derived. Then, the equivalent forces are assembled and added in the equations of motion based on the principle of virtual work. Finally, dynamic behavior and unfolded process of the deployable structure are simulated. Its figures of velocity, acceleration and input torque are obtained based on the simulate results. Screw theory not only provides an efficient solution formulation and theory guidance for complex multi-closed loop deployable structures, but also extends the method to solve dynamics of deployable structures. As an efficient mathematical tool, the simper equations of motion are derived based on screw theory.
Content-Based Image Retrieval: Theory and Applications
Ricardo Da Silva Torres; Alexandre X. FalcŃo
Advances in data storage and image acquisition technologies have enabled the cre- ation of large image datasets. In this scenario, it is necess ary to develop appropri- ate information systems to efficiently manage these collect ions. The commonest ap- proaches use the so-called Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems . Basically, these systems try to retrieve images similar to a user-define
Theory of magnetic excitations in iron-based layered superconductors
M. M. Korshunov; I. Eremin
Based on the effective four-band model we analyze the spin response in the normal and superconducting states of the Fe-pnictide superconductors. While the normal-state spin excitations are dominated by the continuum of the interorbital antiferromagnetic fluctuations and the intraband spin-density wave fluctuations, the unconventional superconductivity yields different feedback. The resonance peak in the form of the well-defined spin exciton occurs
VSS theory-based parameter identification scheme for MIMO systems
Jian-Xin Xu; Hideki Hashimoto
A new identification methodology, the variable structure system-based identification method, is proposed for multi-input multi-output systems. The developed identifier can successfully estimate unknown system parameters for both linear and some kinds of nonlinear systems that may not be linear in parametric space. The new identifier is essentially a closed-loop system with variable structure control. One major advantage of the proposed
An explanation of flocculation using Lewis acid-base theory
P. M. Brown; D. A. Stanley; B. J. Scheiner
This paper describes a Bureau of Mines-devleoped method of dewatering clay slurries based on flocculation by high-molecular-weight polymers and water removal from the formed flocs using a trommel or hydrosieve. The exchange ion on the clays affects their dewaterability. Metal ions in solution and on the exchange sites of smectite clays are known to act as Lewis acids. Recent work
Improvement to the Effective Potential Transport Theory Based on Enkog's Theory of Dense Gases
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Baalrud, Scott D.; Daligault, Jerome
We recently proposed a method for extending traditional plasma transport theories to strong coupling using a binary collision model in which many-body correlation effects were included through an effective interaction potential. By comparing with molecular dynamics simulations, this was shown to be quite successful at extending the binary collision approach well into the strongly coupled regime. However, one persistent feature was an approximately 30% overestimation of the collision rate in the range 1 < ? < 50 , were ? is the coupling parameter. Here we show that this can be corrected by applying the same scattering cross section to Enskog's kinetic equation for dense gases, rather than Boltzmann's equation for dilute gases. The salient new physics is an exclusion radius for the probability distribution of initial scattering positions that arises due to the strong Coulomb repulsion at close distances; i.e., by accounting for the finite size of particles. Although Enskog's equation was developed exclusively for hard spheres, we propose a connection between the Percus-Yevick equation for hard spheres and the hypernetted chain equation to find the appropriate exclusion radius for Coulomb systems. Work supported by The University of Iowa and US DOE.
Vector theory of stimulated Raman scattering and its application to fiber-based Raman amplifiers
Qiang Lin; Govind P. Agrawal
A vector theory of the stimulated Raman scattering process is developed for describing the polarization effects in fiber-based Raman amplifiers. We use this theory to show that polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) induces large fluctuations in an amplified signal. It is found that PMD-induced fluctuations follow a log-normal distribution. We also discuss the random nature of the polarization-dependent gain (PDG) in Raman
Homotopy operators and identity-based solutions in cubic superstring field theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Inatomi, Shoko; Kishimoto, Isao; Takahashi, Tomohiko
We construct a class of nilpotent operators using the BRST current and ghost fields in superstring theory. The operator can be realized in cubic superstring field theory as a kinetic operator in the background of an identity-based solution. For a particular type of the deformed BRST operators, we find a homotopy operator and discuss its relationship to the cohomology in a similar way to the bosonic case, which has been elaborated by the authors.
An Improved Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm Based On Pareto Front and Fixed Point Theory
Jingjun Zhang; Yanmin Shang; Ruizhen Gao; Yuzhen Dong
For multi-objective optimization problems, an improved multi-objective genetic algorithm based on Pareto Front and Fixed Point Theory is proposed in this paper. In this Algorithm, the fixed point theory is introduced to multi-objective optimization questions and K1 triangulation is carried on to solutions for the weighting function constructed by all sub- functions, so the optimal problems are transferred to fixed
Method for PE Pipes Fusion Jointing Based on TRIZ Contradictions Theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Sun, Jianguang; Tan, Runhua; Gao, Jinyong; Wei, Zihui
The core of the TRIZ theories is the contradiction detection and solution. TRIZ provided various methods for the contradiction solution, but all that is not systematized. Combined with the technique system conception, this paper summarizes an integration solution method for contradiction solution based on the TRIZ contradiction theory. According to the method, a flowchart of integration solution method for contradiction is given. As a casestudy, method of fusion jointing PE pipe is analysised.
Friction theory prediction of crude oil viscosity at reservoir conditions based on dead oil properties
Sergio E Qui±ones-Cisneros; Claus K Zķberg-Mikkelsen; Erling H Stenby
The general one-parameter friction theory (f-theory) models have been further extended to the prediction of the viscosity of real ōliveö reservoir fluids based on viscosity measurements of the ōdeadö oil and the compositional information of the live fluid. This work representation of the viscosity of real fluids is obtained by a simple one-parameter tuning of a linear equation derived from
Density functional theory investigations of graphene-based heterostructures
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ebnonnasir, Abbas
Graphene, a two-dimensional single crystal of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice, is attractive for applications in nanoelectromechanical devices; in high-performance, low-power electronics, and as transparent electrodes. The present study employs Density Functional Theory (DFT) to identify the atomic and electronic structure of graphene (Gr) on three different types of substrates: transition metals (nickel, palladium), insulators (hBN) and semiconductors (MoS2). Our DFT calculations show that graphene layer on Ni(111) and Ni(110) becomes metallic owing to large binding energies and strong hybridization between nickel and carbon bands. Furthermore, in Gr/Gr/palladium systems, we find that the electrostatic dipoles at the Gr/palladium and Gr/Gr interfaces are oppositely oriented. This leads to a work function of bilayer graphene domains on palladium (111) higher than that of monolayer graphene; the strengths of these dipoles are sensitive to the relative orientation between the two graphene layers and between the graphene and palladium (111). Additionally, the binding energy of graphene on palladium (111) depends on its orientation. We elucidate the physical origin of the effect of growing graphene on hBN/Ni(111) on the binding of hBN to a Ni(111) substrate, and on the electronic properties of hBN. We find that hBN/Ni has two configurational minima, one chemisorbed and one physisorbed, whose properties are not altered when graphene is placed atop hBN. However, a switch from chemisorbed to physisorbed hBN on Ni can occur due to the processing conditions during graphene growth; this switch is solely responsible for changing the hBN layer from metallic to insulating, and not the interactions with graphene. Finally, we find that the relative orientation between graphene and MoS2 layers affects the value and the nature of the bandgap of MoS2, while keeping the electronic structure of graphene unaltered. This relative orientation does not affect the binding energy or the distance between graphene and MoS2 layers. However, it changes the registry between the two layers, which strongly influences the value and type of the bandgap in MoS 2.
Derivative Trade Optimizing Model Utilizing GP Based on Behavioral Finance Theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Matsumura, Koki; Kawamoto, Masaru
This paper proposed a new technique which makes the strategy trees for the derivative (option) trading investment decision based on the behavioral finance theory and optimizes it using evolutionary computation, in order to achieve high profitability. The strategy tree uses a technical analysis based on a statistical, experienced technique for the investment decision. The trading model is represented by various technical indexes, and the strategy tree is optimized by the genetic programming(GP) which is one of the evolutionary computations. Moreover, this paper proposed a method using the prospect theory based on the behavioral finance theory to set psychological bias for profit and deficit and attempted to select the appropriate strike price of option for the higher investment efficiency. As a result, this technique produced a good result and found the effectiveness of this trading model by the optimized dealings strategy.
Intelligent multicast congestion control based on expert-control for wireless networks
Qiao-Yan Kang; Jian-Feng Wang; Xiang-Ru Meng
In order to improve the performance of existing multicast congestion control mechanisms applied to wireless networks, in this paper, we propose an expert-control-based intelligent multicast congestion control mechanism for wireless networks, termed ECMCC. ECMCC detects the network congestion state according to network relative queuing delay and packet loss, feedbacks information to multicast source based on representatives set mechanism, distinguishes between
Theory-based ability measurement: the learning abilities measurement program.
Christal, R E
This paper briefly describes the U.S. Air Force Learning Abilities Measurement Program (LAMP), which is devoted to the development of a science-based system of ability measurement. A short history is given of ability testing and research in the military services, along with a statement of the value of ability testing for making personnel selection and classification decisions. Although few advances in ability measurement have been made in the last two decades, the present availability of micro-computers and recent progress in our understanding of human cognition create possibilities for a major breakthrough in the state-of-the-art. Examples are provided of recent LAMP studies on processing speed and processing capacity which hold promise for forecasting individual differences in learning efficiency, performance capabilities, and susceptibility to information overload. Also discussed is a program which encourages university scientists working toward the same goals to make use of U.S. Air Force subjects and testing facilities. PMID:3060094
[The Chinese urban metabolisms based on the emergy theory].
Song, Tao; Cai, Jian-Ming; Ni, Pan; Yang, Zhen-Shan
By using emergy indices of urban metabolisms, this paper analyzed 31 Chinese urban metabolisms' systematic structures and characteristics in 2000 and 2010. The results showed that Chinese urban metabolisms were characterized as resource consumption and coastal external dependency. Non-renewable resource emergy accounted for a higher proportion of the total emergy in the inland cities' urban metabolisms. The emergy of imports and exports accounted for the vast majority of urban metabolic systems in metropolises and coastal cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, showing a significant externally-oriented metabolic characteristic. Based on that, the related policies were put forward: to develop the renewable resource and energy industry; to improve the non-renewable resource and energy utilization efficiencies; to optimize the import and export structure of services, cargo and fuel; and to establish the flexible management mechanism of urban metabolisms. PMID:25011303
Tire grip identification based on strain information: Theory and simulations
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Carcaterra, A.; Roveri, N.
A novel technique for the identification of the tire-road grip conditions is presented. This is based on the use of strain information inside the tire, from which relevant characteristics of the tire-road contact can be extracted also through a factor named area slip ratio. This process forms the basis of a technology for grip identification that requires a new model of the tire dynamics. The model permits to determine closed form analytical relationships between the measured strain and the area slip ratio. On this basis, a procedure that can extract the contact kinematic parameter from the time history of the internal strain of the rolling tire is presented. Numerical simulations offer the chance to validate the identification algorithm.
Theory of normal and superconducting properties of fullerene-based solids
Cohen, M.L.
Recent experiments on the normal-state and superconducting properties of fullerene-based solids are used to constrain the proposal theories of the electronic nature of these materials. In general, models of superconductivity based on electron pairing induced by phonons are consistent with electronic band theory. The latter experiments also yield estimates of the parameters characterizing these type H superconductors. It is argued that, at this point, a ``standard model`` of phonons interacting with itinerant electrons may be a good first approximation for explaining the properties of the metallic fullerenes.
Theory of normal and superconducting properties of fullerene-based solids
Cohen, M.L.
Recent experiments on the normal-state and superconducting properties of fullerene-based solids are used to constrain the proposal theories of the electronic nature of these materials. In general, models of superconductivity based on electron pairing induced by phonons are consistent with electronic band theory. The latter experiments also yield estimates of the parameters characterizing these type H superconductors. It is argued that, at this point, a standard model'' of phonons interacting with itinerant electrons may be a good first approximation for explaining the properties of the metallic fullerenes.
Microfluidic, Bead-Based Assay: Theory and Experiments
Thompson, Jason A.; Bau, Haim H.
Microbeads are frequently used as a solid support for biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids in heterogeneous microfluidic assays. However, relatively few studies investigate the binding kinetics on modified bead surfaces in a microfluidics context. In this study, a customized hot embossing technique is used to stamp microwells in a thin plastic substrate where streptavidin-coated agarose beads are selectively placed and subsequently immobilized within a conduit. Biotinylated quantum dots are used as a label to monitor target analyte binding to the bead's surface. Three-dimensional finite element simulations are carried out to model the binding kinetics on the bead's surface. The model accounts for surface exclusion effects resulting from a single quantum dot occluding multiple receptor sites. The theoretical predictions are compared and favorably agree with experimental observations. The theoretical simulations provide a useful tool to predict how varying parameters affect microbead reaction kinetics and sensor performance. This study enhances our understanding of bead-based microfluidic assays and provides a design tool for developers of point-of-care, lab-on-chip devices for medical diagnosis, food and water quality inspection, and environmental monitoring. PMID:19766545
Exceptional knowledge discovery in databases based on information theory
Suzuki, Einoshin [Yokohama National Univ. (Japan); Shimura, Masamichi [Tokyo Inst. of Technology (Japan)
This paper presents an algorithm for discovering exceptional knowledge from databases. Exceptional knowledge, which is defined as an exception to a general fact, exhibits unexpectedness and is sometimes extremely useful in spite of its obscurity. Previous discovery approaches for this type of knowledge employ either background knowledge or domain-specific criteria for evaluating the possible usefulness, i.e. the interestingness of the knowledge extracted from a database. It has been pointed out, however, that these approaches are prone to overlook useful knowledge. In order to circumvent these difficulties, we propose an information-theoretic approach in which we obtain exceptional knowledge associated with general knowledge in the form of a rule pair using a depth-first search method. The product of the ACEs (Average Compressed Entropies) of the rule pair is introduced as the criterion for evaluating the interestingness of exceptional knowledge. The inefficiency of depth-first search is alleviated by a branch-and-bound method, which exploits the upper-bound for the product of the ACEs. MEPRO, which is a knowledge discovery system based on our approach, has been validated using the benchmark databases in the machine learning community.
An approach for leukemia classification based on cooperative game theory.
Torkaman, Atefeh; Charkari, Nasrollah Moghaddam; Aghaeipour, Mahnaz
Hematological malignancies are the types of cancer that affect blood, bone marrow and lymph nodes. As these tissues are naturally connected through the immune system, a disease affecting one of them will often affect the others as well. The hematological malignancies include; Leukemia, Lymphoma, Multiple myeloma. Among them, leukemia is a serious malignancy that starts in blood tissues especially the bone marrow, where the blood is made. Researches show, leukemia is one of the common cancers in the world. So, the emphasis on diagnostic techniques and best treatments would be able to provide better prognosis and survival for patients. In this paper, an automatic diagnosis recommender system for classifying leukemia based on cooperative game is presented. Through out this research, we analyze the flow cytometry data toward the classification of leukemia into eight classes. We work on real data set from different types of leukemia that have been collected at Iran Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO). Generally, the data set contains 400 samples taken from human leukemic bone marrow. This study deals with cooperative game used for classification according to different weights assigned to the markers. The proposed method is versatile as there are no constraints to what the input or output represent. This means that it can be used to classify a population according to their contributions. In other words, it applies equally to other groups of data. The experimental results show the accuracy rate of 93.12%, for classification and compared to decision tree (C4.5) with (90.16%) in accuracy. The result demonstrates that cooperative game is very promising to be used directly for classification of leukemia as a part of Active Medical decision support system for interpretation of flow cytometry readout. This system could assist clinical hematologists to properly recognize different kinds of leukemia by preparing suggestions and this could improve the treatment of leukemic patients. PMID:21988887
Research on Prediction Model of Time Series Based on Fuzzy Theory and Genetic Algorithm
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Xiao-qin, Wu
Fuzzy theory is one of the newly adduced self-adaptive strategies,which is applied to dynamically adjust the parameters o genetic algorithms for the purpose of enhancing the performance.In this paper, the financial time series analysis and forecasting as the main case study to the theory of soft computing technology framework that focuses on the fuzzy theory and genetic algorithms(FGA) as a method of integration. the financial time series forecasting model based on fuzzy theory and genetic algorithms was built. the ShangZheng index cards as an example. The experimental results show that FGA perform s much better than BP neural network, not only in the precision, but also in the searching speed.The hybrid algorithm has a strong feasibility and superiority.
Cost performance satellite design using queueing theory. [via digital simulation
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Hein, G. F.
A modified Poisson arrival, infinite server queuing model is used to determine the effects of limiting the number of broadcast channels (C) of a direct broadcast satellite used for public service purposes (remote health care, education, etc.). The model is based on the reproductive property of the Poisson distribution. A difference equation has been developed to describe the change in the Poisson parameter. When all initially delayed arrivals reenter the system a (C plus 1) order polynomial must be solved to determine the effective value of the Poisson parameter. When less than 100% of the arrivals reenter the system the effective value must be determined by solving a transcendental equation. The model was used to determine the minimum number of channels required for a disaster warning satellite without degradation in performance. Results predicted by the queuing model were compared with the results of digital simulation.
Rebutting the suggestion that Anthony Giddens's Structuration Theory offers a useful framework for sociological nursing research: a critique based upon Margaret Archer's Realist Social Theory
Martin Lipscomb
A recent paper in this journal by Hardcastle et al . in 2005 argued that Anthony Giddens's Structuration Theory (ST) might usefully inform sociological nursing research. In response, a critique of ST based upon the Realist Social Theory of Margaret Archer is presented. Archer maintains that ST is fatally flawed and, in consequence, it has little to offer nursing research.
Adding Precision to Economic Theory by Means of Agent Based Social Simulation: transaction cost theory in the context of sourcing decisions
Bogdan Werth; Scott Moss
Past research on IT outsourcing has mainly focused on the transaction itself with the use of the Transaction Cost Theory as a primary investigation framework. The notion of asset specificity was blindly accepted in its primary version despite its fame of loose definition. This paper introduces an alternative approach to the investigation of economic theories by means of agent-based social
An anisotropic constitutive equation for the stress tensor of blood based on mixture theory
Massoudi, Mehrdad; Antaki, J.F.
Based on ideas proposed by Massoudi and Rajagopal (M-R), we develop a model for blood using the theory of interacting continua, that is, the mixture theory. We first provide a brief review of mixture theory, and then discuss certain issues in constitutive modeling of a two-component mixture. In the present formulation, we ignore the biochemistry of blood and assume that blood is composed of red blood cells (RBCs) suspended in plasma, where the plasma behaves as a linearly viscous fluid and the RBCs are modeled as an anisotropic nonlinear density-gradient-type fluid. We obtain a constitutive relation for blood, based on the simplified constitutive relations derived for plasma and RBCs. A simple shear flow is discussed, and an exact solution is obtained for a very special case; for more general cases, it is necessary to solve the nonlinear coupled equations numerically.
MaxNet: Theory and Implementation Lachlan L. H. Andrew, Krister Jacobsson, Steven H. Low, Martin Suchara, Ryan Witt, Bartek P. Wydrowski
Andrew, Lachlan
-TCP [5] and TCP Westwood [6] this congestion signal is the packet loss rate. Other `delay-based' proposals such as Vegas [7] and FAST TCP [8] use the queuing delay as the congestion signal. Explicit or delay improves congestion control in several ways. The variability of source rates is reduced compared
Comments on observables for identity-based marginal solutions in Berkovits' superstring field theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kishimoto, Isao; Takahashi, Tomohiko
We construct an analytic solution for tachyon condensation around identity-based marginal solutions in Berkovits' WZW-like open superstring field theory. Using this, which is a kind of wedge-based solution, the gauge invariant overlaps for the identity-based marginal solutions can be calculated analytically. This is a straightforward extension of a method in bosonic string field theory, which has been elaborated by the authors, to superstring. We also comment on a gauge equivalence relation between the tachyon vacuum solution and its marginally deformed one. From this viewpoint, we can find the vacuum energy of the identity-based marginal solutions to be zero, which agrees with the previous result as a consequence of ? zero mode counting.
A Three Year Outcome Evaluation of a Theory Based Drink Driving Education Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sheehan, Mary; And Others
Reports on the impact of a "drink driving education program" taught to tenth-grade students. The program, which involved twelve lessons, used strategies based on the Ajzen and Madden theory of planned behavior. Students (N=1,774) were trained to use alternatives to drinking and driving and to use safer passenger behaviors, and were followed-upģ
Two Prophecy Formulas for Assessing the Reliability of Item Response Theory-Based Ability Estimates
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Raju, Nambury S.; Oshima, T.C.
Two new prophecy formulas for estimating item response theory (IRT)-based reliability of a shortened or lengthened test are proposed. Some of the relationships between the two formulas, one of which is identical to the well-known Spearman-Brown prophecy formula, are examined and illustrated. The major assumptions underlying these formulas areģ
James Clerk Maxwell and the Kinetic Theory of Gases: A Review Based on Recent Historical Studies
Stephen G. Brush
Maxwell's four major papers and some shorter publications relating to kinetic theory and statistical mechanics are discussed in the light of subsequent research in those subjects. Further information about the origin and development of Maxwell's ideas, based on study of unpublished materials and closer examination of less well-known articles, is reviewed, with reference to topics such as the velocity distribution
Using Emergence Theory-Based Curriculum to Teach Compromise Skills to Students with Autistic Spectrum Disorders
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fein, Lance; Jones, Don
This study addresses the compromise skills that are taught to students diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and related social and communication deficits. A private school in the southeastern United States implemented an emergence theory-based curriculum to address these skills, yet no formal analysis was conducted to determine itsģ
Science Teaching Based on Cognitive Load Theory: Engaged Students, but Cognitive Deficiencies
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Meissner, Barbara; Bogner, Franz X.
To improve science learning under demanding conditions, we designed an out-of-school lesson in compliance with cognitive load theory (CLT). We extracted student clusters based on individual effectiveness, and compared instructional efficiency, mental effort, and persistence of learning. The present study analyses students' engagement. 50.0% of ourģ
An intervention for delirium superimposed on dementia based on cognitive reserve theory
Ann M. Kolanowski; Donna M. Fick; Linda Clare; Barbara Therrien; David J. Gill
Delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) accelerates the trajectory of functional decline and results in prolonged hospitalization, re-hospitalization, premature nursing home placement, and death. In this article we propose a theory-based intervention for DSD that is derived from the literature on cognitive reserve and neuroplasticity. We begin by defining cognitive reserve, the guiding framework for our hypothesis. We review the pathophysiology
Unified interpretation for second-order subwavelength interference based on Feynman's path-integral theory
Liu Jianbin; Zhang Guoquan [MOE Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457 (China) and Photonics Center, School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071 (China)
The second-order spatial subwavelength interference pattern is observed in a modified Michelson interferometer with single-mode continuous-wave laser beams. By analyzing our subwavelength interference experiment based on Feynman's path integral theory, a unified interpretation for all the second-order subwavelength interference is suggested.
Strategies for third party logistics enterprises based on theory of Ecological Niche
Shen Cheng lin; Zhang Xinxin
Based on the theory of ecological niche, this paper discusses the various types of third party logistics (TPL) enterprises, and the four relationships between them, including competition, differentiation, and cooperation, as well as shift. Finally, four important strategies, such as discrepant operation strategy, value innovation strategy, resources expansion strategy, and Blue Ocean strategy were put forward to strengthen core competencies,
Facial Expression Recognition Based on The Belief Theory: Comparison With Different Classifiers
Dupont, Stķphane
Facial Expression Recognition Based on The Belief Theory: Comparison With Different Classifiers Z of facial expression recognition, its performances are compared with those of more classical approaches is analysed for recognition of facial expressions. First, the contours of facial features are automatically
Portfolio Theory-Based Resource Assignment in a Cloud Computing System
Pedram, Massoud
Portfolio Theory-Based Resource Assignment in a Cloud Computing System Inkwon Hwang and Massoud-- The focus of this paper is on energy-aware resource management in a cloud computing system. Much. Keywords- Cloud computing; portfolio effect; bin-packing; resource allocation I. INTRODUCTION Cloud
Predicting Study Abroad Intentions Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schnusenberg, Oliver; de Jong, Pieter; Goel, Lakshmi
The emphasis on study abroad programs is growing in the academic context as U.S. based universities seek to incorporate a global perspective in education. Using a model that has underpinnings in the theory of planned behavior (TPB), we predict students' intention to participate in short-term study abroad program. We use TPB to identify behavioral,ģ
T. Kodak; R. Morimoto
Most of seepage failure problems can be classified as liquefaction problem, because effective stresses of sand deposits near\\/at failure state statically come close to zero. It is, therefore, difficult to predict the seepage failure using conventional deformation analysis methods for saturated soil. In the present paper, a newly developed liquefaction analysis method, which is based on the finite deformation theory,
Ecoefficiency evaluation of the water conservancy and hydropower project based on emergy analysis theory
Chenglong He; A. Emergy
The positive and negative effects of the water conservancy and hydropower projects are analyzed based on the emergy analysis theory. The indexes content of emergy yield ratio (EYR) and environment load ratio (ELR) are redefined. In order to analyze the ecological effects quantitatively, hydraulic eco- efficiency index (HEI) is proposed to reflect its sustainable development performance. Case study shows that
Transients from initial conditions based on Lagrangian perturbation theory in N-body simulations
Takayuki Tatekawa; Shuntaro Mizuno
We explore the initial conditions for cosmological N-body simulations suitable for calculating the skewness and kurtosis of the density field. In general, the initial conditions based on the perturbation theory (PT) provide incorrect second-order and higher-order growth. These errors implied by the use of the perturbation theory to set up the initial conditions in N-body simulations are called transients. Unless these transients are completely suppressed compared with the dominant growing mode, we can not reproduce the correct evolution of cumulants with orders higher than two, even though there is no problem with the numerical scheme. We investigate the impact of transients on the observable statistical quantities by performing $N$-body simulations with initial conditions based on Lagrangian perturbation theory (LPT). We show that the effects of transients on the kurtosis from the initial conditions, based on second-order Lagrangian perturbation theory (2LPT) have almost disappeared by $z\\sim5$, as long as the initial conditions are set at $z > 30$. This means that for practical purposes, the initial conditions based on 2LPT are accurate enough for numerical calculations of skewness and kurtosis.
Formal Modeling of Connectionism using Concurrency Theory, an Approach Based on Automata and Model Checking*
Kent, University of
Formal Modeling of Connectionism using Concurrency Theory, an Approach Based on Automata and Model or connectionism is a suitable representation of cognitive systems. Additionally, the issue of integrating symbolic mechanisms involved. There are two major streams of research on cognitive modelling: connectionism
Transdiagnostic Theory and Application of Family-Based Treatment for Youth With Eating Disorders
Daniel le Grange
This paper describes the transdiagnostic theory and application of family-based treatment (FBT) for children and adolescents with eating disorders. We review the fundamentals of FBT, a transdiagnostic theoretical model of FBT and the literature supporting its clinical application, adaptations across developmental stages and the diagnostic spectrum of eating disorders, and the strengths and challenges of this approach, including its suitability
The singularity study of spatial hybrid mechanisms based on screw theory
J.-S. Zhao; K. Zhou; Z.-J. Feng; Z.-Y. Tan
In this paper, a novel methodology based on screw theory to study the singularity of spatial hybrid mechanisms is presented. According to the physical meaning of inverse screws, we introduce the equivalent kinematic screws to replace the function of those of the parallel limbs, and therefore the hybrid branch can be transformed into a pure series kinematic chain which can
Mobility analysis of lower-mobility parallel manipulators based on screw theory
Qinchuan Li; Zhen Huang
Mobility analysis of lower-mobility parallel manipulators is of great importance in the context of analysis and design. A method is proposed for the mobility analysis of lower-mobility parallel manipulators based on screw theory. The limb structural constraint acting on the moving platform is first analyzed. Then the combined effect of all limb structural constraints is obtained by investigating the geometrical
English Textbooks Based on Research and Theory--A Possible Dream.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Suhor, Charles
Research based text materials will probably never dominate the textbook market. To begin with, translating theory and research into practice is a chancy business. There are also creative problems such as the inherent oversimplification involved in textbook writing. Every textbook writer who has been a classroom teacher will acknowledge that suchģ
Object and image indexing based on region connection calculus and oriented matroid theory
Ernesto Staffetti; Antoni Grau; Francesc Serratosa; Alberto Sanfeliu
In this paper a novel method for indexing views of 3D objects is presented. The topological properties of the regions of views of an object or of a set of objects are used to define an index based on region connection calculus and oriented matroid theory. Both are formalisms for qualitative spatial representation and reasoning and are complementary in the
Asymmetric dynamic stability of thick annular plates based on a high-order plate theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Chen, L.-W.; Hwang, J.-R.; Doong, J.-L.
The asymmetric dynamic stability of thick annular plates subjected to a periodic uniform radial loading along the outer edge is studied by the finite element method. An annular element based on a high-order plate theory is used. The regions of dynamic instability are determined by Bolotin's method. The effects of various parameters on the dynamic stability are investigated.
Reducing Skin Cancer Risk: An Intervention Based on Protection Motivation Theory
Brian T. McClendon; Steven Prentice-Dunn
Caucasian college students who intentionally tanned participated in a brief skin cancer intervention based on protection motivation theory (PMT). This intervention targeted skin appearance and consisted of brief lectures, a comprehensive essay, video clips about a young man who died of melanoma, and short discussions. Compared to a waitlist control group, the intervention group showed increases on PMT variables and
Assessment of Prevalence of Persons with Down Syndrome: A Theory-Based Demographic Model
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
de Graaf, Gert; Vis, Jeroen C.; Haveman, Meindert; van Hove, Geert; de Graaf, Erik A. B.; Tijssen, Jan G. P.; Mulder, Barbara J. M.
Background: The Netherlands are lacking reliable empirical data in relation to the development of birth and population prevalence of Down syndrome. For the UK and Ireland there are more historical empirical data available. A theory-based model is developed for predicting Down syndrome prevalence in the Netherlands from the 1950s onwards. It isģ
A C eight node finite element based on a shell theory
Olivier Polit; Maurice Touratier
The development of C eight node shell finite elements based upon the Reissner-Mindlin kinematics for geometrically and materially linear applications in structural mechanics is presented. Special attention is given ta the two ways of obtaining a shell finite element: shell theory and degenerated solid approach. We compare, with the same mechanical assumptions and the same finite element approximations, a new
Image Segmentation Using Fuzzy Clustering with Spatial Constraints Based on Markov Random Field via Bayesian Theory
Xiaohe Li; Taiyi Zhang; Zhan Qu
Image segmentation is an essential processing step for many image analysis applications. In this paper, a novel image segmentation algorithm using fuzzy C-means clustering (FCM) with spatial constraints based on Markov random field (MRF) via Bayesian theory is proposed. Due to disregard of spatial constraint information, the FCM algorithm fails to segment images corrupted by noise. In order to improve
Revisiting Transactional Distance Theory in a Context of Web-Based High-School Distance Education
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Murphy, Elizabeth Anne; Rodriguez-Manzanares, Maria Angeles
The purpose of this paper is to report on a study that provided an opportunity to consider Transactional Distance Theory (TDT) in a current technology context of web-based learning in distance education (DE), high-school classrooms. Data collection relied on semi-structured interviews conducted with 22 e-teachers and managers in Newfoundland andģ
Analysis and engineering of coupled cavity waveguides based on coupled-mode theory
Xu-Sheng Lin; Xiong-Wen Chen; Sheng Lan
The analytical expression for the transmission spectra of coupled cavity waveguides (CCWs) in photonic crystals (PCs) is derived based on the coupled-mode theory (CMT). Parameters in the analytical expression can be extracted by simple numerical simulations. We reveal that it is the phase shift between the two adjacent PC defects that uniquely determines the flatness of the impurity bands of
English Vocabulary Learning System Based on Theory of Depths of Processing
Zheng Hongyan; Wang Xiaohui; Han Liyang
English learning involves memorization and practice of vocabularies. It is widely known that English learning should pay great attention to vocabulary learning, and what's more, the vocabulary learning is considered to be a key issue for English learning because vocabularies are fundamental in an English sentence. This study proposes a study system of English vocabulary learning based on theory of
Intervention Mapping: A Process for Developing Theory and Evidence-Based Health Education Programs
L. Kay Bartholomew; Guy S. Parcel; Gerjo Kok
The practice of health education involves three major program-planning activities: needs assessment, program development, and evaluation. Over the past 20 years, significant enhancements have been made to the conceptual base and practice of health education. Models that outline explicit procedures and detailed conceptualization of community assessment and evaluation have been developed. Other advancements include the application of theory to health
A Belief Theory-Based Static Posture Recognition System for Real-Time Video Surveillance Applications
Paris-Sud XI, Universitķ de
A Belief Theory-Based Static Posture Recognition System for Real-Time Video Surveillance automatically rec- ognize four different static human body postures for video surveillance applications- cations in various areas such as video surveillance, athletic performance analysis, video access control
A game theory-based analysis of search engine non-neutral behavior
Paris-Sud XI, Universitķ de
, a search engine can effectively exclude nascent websites from both advertising and sales revenue. Another and accessed by a search engine user. A simple game theory-based model is presented where both a search engine and a content provider interact strategically, and the aggregated behavior of users is modeled by a demand
Kinetic theory based CFD simulation of turbulent fluidization of FCC particles in a riser
Veeraya Jiradilok; Dimitri Gidaspow; Somsak Damronglerd; William J. Koves; Reza Mostofi
The turbulent fluidization regime is characterized by the co-existence of a dense, bottom region and a dilute, top bed. A kinetic theory based CFD code with a drag corrected for clusters captured the basic features of this flow regime: the dilute and dense regions, high dispersion coefficients and a strong anisotropy. The computed energy spectrum captures the observed gravity wave
An improved genetic algorithm based on J1 triangulation and fixed point theory
Jingjun Zhang; Yanmin Shang; Ruizhen Gao; Yuzhen Dong
An improved genetic algorithm based on J1 triangulation is proposed for multimodal optimization problems. And the fixed point theory is introduced into this improved algorithm. The optimal problems are conversed to fixed point problems. In this paper, several typical functions are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of this algorithm, and the testing results show that the improved genetic algorithm is
Total stability of a class of hybrid dynamic systems based on fixed point theory
M. De la Sen
Elementary stability results with robustness prametric issues are obtained for a class of nominally linear hybrid systems through total stability theorems based on fixed point theory. The class of hybrid systems is that of coupled continuous-time and digital systems subject to state perturbations whose nominal (i.e. unperturbed) parts are linear and, in general, time-varying.
Graphical design method for traveling wave amplifier based on filter theory
Claudio Paoloni; Stefan Kosslowsky
A straightforward graphical procedure for the design of monolithic traveling wave amplifiers (TWAs) based on Chebyshev filter theory is described. Compared with conventional methods, a TWA with different gate widths results. Significant improvement of the Chebyshev TWA in relation to input and output reflection characteristics compared with those obtained by the conventional procedure is evident. As an example a four-FET
Natural Resource-Based Communities, Risk, and Disaster: An Intersection of Theories
Natural resource-based communities are often theoretically assumed to be vulnerable to the negative effects of environmental and social change. Such communities are also seen as being especially vulnerable to risks and disasters. Disaster research perspectives echo this in their emphasis on environmental and social vulnerability. Also, theories of risk largely fail to illuminate community level experiences. To address this gap,
From Theory to Practice: Concept-Based Inquiry in a High School Art Classroom
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Walker, Margaret A.
This study examines what an emerging educational theory looks like when put into practice in an art classroom. It explores the teaching methodology of a high school art teacher who has utilized concept-based inquiry in the classroom to engage his students in artmaking and analyzes the influence this methodology has had on his adolescent students.ģ
Applying Unidimensional and Multidimensional Item Response Theory Models in Testlet-Based Reading Assessment
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Min, Shangchao; He, Lianzhen
This study examined the relative effectiveness of the multidimensional bi-factor model and multidimensional testlet response theory (TRT) model in accommodating local dependence in testlet-based reading assessment with both dichotomously and polytomously scored items. The data used were 14,089 test-takers' item-level responses to theģ
Theory and Practice of Case-Based Learning Aids Janet L. Kolodner and Mark Guzdial
Watson, Ian
Theory and Practice of Case-Based Learning Aids Janet L. Kolodner and Mark Guzdial Georgia call on previous situations to suggest strategies and tactics and to warn of pitfalls. When I plan needs to make decisions about how to proceed. She knows that many modern office buildings have atriums
Supporting Self-Regulated Personalised Learning through Competence-Based Knowledge Space Theory
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Steiner, Christina M.; Nussbaumer, Alexander; Albert, Dietrich
This article presents two current research trends in e-learning that at first sight appear to compete. Competence-Based Knowledge Space Theory (CBKST) provides a knowledge representation framework which, since its invention by Doignon & Falmagne, has been successfully applied in various e-learning systems (for example, Adaptive Learning withģ
Critically Evaluating Competing Theories: An Exercise Based on the Kitty Genovese Murder
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sagarin, Brad J.; Lawler-Sagarin, Kimberly A.
We describe an exercise based on the 1964 murder of Catherine Genovese--a murder observed by 38 witnesses, none of whom called the police. Students read a summary of the murder and worked in small groups to design an experiment to test the competing theories for the inaction of the witnesses (Americans' selfishness and insensitivity vs. diffusionģ
A Case Study of Institutional Reform Based on Innovation Diffusion Theory through Instructional Technology.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Szabo, Michael; Sobon, Sonia A.
Explains the Training, Infrastructure and Empowerment System (TIES), a theory-based system of educational reform through instructional technology, and discusses results of a study at a Canadian university that investigated the vision for instructional technology, learning technologies and alternative delivery systems, and adoption of innovation.ģ
A method of extracting visual main skeleton based on cognition theory
Gang Xu; Yu-Qing Lei
The paper proposes a method for extracting visual main skeleton based on cognition theory about salience of visual parts, which integrates the advantages of the visual main partspsila reliability for object recognition and the skeletonpsilas reduced-dimension for object representation. Because it can simplify skeleton structure and curve shape and make the results of extraction and description in accord with human
The Idea of National HRD: An Analysis Based on Economics and Theory Development Methodology
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wang, Greg G.; Swanson, Richard A.
Recent human resource development (HRD) literature focuses attention on national HRD (NHRD) research and represents problems in both HRD identity and research methodology. Based on a review of development economics and international development literature, this study analyzes the existing NHRD literature with respect to the theory developmentģ
Effects of Guided Writing Strategies on Students' Writing Attitudes Based on Media Richness Theory
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lan, Yu-Feng; Hung, Chun-Ling; Hsu, Hung-Ju
The purpose of this paper is to develop different guided writing strategies based on media richness theory and further evaluate the effects of these writing strategies on younger students' writing attitudes in terms of motivation, enjoyment and anxiety. A total of 66 sixth-grade elementary students with an average age of twelve were invited toģ
A Theory of Adaptable Contract-Based Service Composition G. Bernardi M. Bugliesi D. Macedonio S. Rossi
Rossi, Sabina
A Theory of Adaptable Contract-Based Service Composition G. Bernardi M. Bugliesi D. Macedonio S. Sections 2 and 3 in- troduce our theory of service contract compositions and fil- ters. Section 4 describes with the specification. We develop a new theo- ry for adaptable service compositions. The theory pro- vides an effective
A Christian Faith-Based Recovery Theory: Understanding God as Sponsor
Shirley M. Timmons
This article reports the development of a substantive theory to explain an evangelical Christian-based process of recovery\\u000a from addiction. Faith-based, 12-step, mutual aid programs can improve drug abstinence by offering: (a) an intervention option\\u000a alone and\\/or in conjunction with secular programs and (b) an opportunity for religious involvement. Although literature on\\u000a religion, spirituality, and addiction is voluminous, traditional 12-step programs
Application of Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence to GIS-based landslide susceptibility analysis
No-Wook Park
GIS-based spatial data integration tasks for predictive geological applications, such as landslide susceptibility analysis,\\u000a have been regarded as one of the primary geological application issues of GIS. An efficient framework for proper representation\\u000a and integration is required for this kind of application. This paper presents a data integration framework based on the Dempster-Shafer\\u000a theory of evidence for landslide susceptibility mapping
Complexity theory and collaboration: An agent-based simulator for a space mission design team
NarjĶs Bellamine-Ben Saoud; Gloria Mark
In this paper, we investigate how complexity theory can benefit collaboration by applying an agent-based computer simulation\\u000a approach to a new form of synchronous real-time collaborative engineering design. Fieldwork was conducted with a space mission\\u000a design team during their actual design sessions, to collect data on their group conversations, team interdependencies, and\\u000a error monitoring and recovery practices. Based on the
Multiagent-based computer virus detection systems: abstraction from dendritic cell algorithm with danger theory
Chung-Ming Ou
Biologically-inspired artificial immune systems (AIS) have been applied to computer virus detection systems (CVDS). A multiagent-based\\u000a CVDS (ABCVDS) inspired by the danger theory of human immune system is proposed. The intelligence behind ABCVDS is based on\\u000a the functionalities of dendritic cells in human immune systems. Multiple agents are embedded to this virus detection system,\\u000a where agents coordinate one another to
Mixture theory-based poroelasticity as a model of interstitial tissue growth
Cowin, Stephen C.; Cardoso, Luis
This contribution presents an alternative approach to mixture theory-based poroelasticity by transferring some poroelastic concepts developed by Maurice Biot to mixture theory. These concepts are a larger RVE and the subRVE-RVE velocity average tensor, which Biot called the micro-macro velocity average tensor. This velocity average tensor is assumed here to depend upon the pore structure fabric. The formulation of mixture theory presented is directed toward the modeling of interstitial growth, that is to say changing mass and changing density of an organism. Traditional mixture theory considers constituents to be open systems, but the entire mixture is a closed system. In this development the mixture is also considered to be an open system as an alternative method of modeling growth. Growth is slow and accelerations are neglected in the applications. The velocity of a solid constituent is employed as the main reference velocity in preference to the mean velocity concept from the original formulation of mixture theory. The standard development of statements of the conservation principles and entropy inequality employed in mixture theory are modified to account for these kinematic changes and to allow for supplies of mass, momentum and energy to each constituent and to the mixture as a whole. The objective is to establish a basis for the development of constitutive equations for growth of tissues. PMID:22184481
Energy-Efficiency Analysis of a Distributed Queuing Medium Access Control Protocol for Biomedical Wireless Sensor Networks in Saturation Conditions
Otal, Begonya; Alonso, Luis; Verikoukis, Christos
The aging population and the high quality of life expectations in our society lead to the need of more efficient and affordable healthcare solutions. For this reason, this paper aims for the optimization of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols for biomedical wireless sensor networks or wireless Body Sensor Networks (BSNs). The hereby presented schemes always have in mind the efficient management of channel resources and the overall minimization of sensorsÆ energy consumption in order to prolong sensorsÆ battery life. The fact that the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC does not fully satisfy BSN requirements highlights the need for the design of new scalable MAC solutions, which guarantee low-power consumption to the maximum number of body sensors in high density areas (i.e., in saturation conditions). In order to emphasize IEEE 802.15.4 MAC limitations, this article presents a detailed overview of this de facto standard for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), which serves as a link for the introduction and initial description of our here proposed Distributed Queuing (DQ) MAC protocol for BSN scenarios. Within this framework, an extensive DQ MAC energy-consumption analysis in saturation conditions is presented to be able to evaluate its performance in relation to IEEE 802.5.4 MAC in highly dense BSNs. The obtained results show that the proposed scheme outperforms IEEE 802.15.4 MAC in average energy consumption per information bit, thus providing a better overall performance that scales appropriately to BSNs under high traffic conditions. These benefits are obtained by eliminating back-off periods and collisions in data packet transmissions, while minimizing the control overhead. PMID:22319351
Theory-based behavior change interventions: comments on Hobbis and Sutton.
Fishbein, Martin; Ajzen, Icek
Hobbis and Sutton (this issue) suggest that Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) techniques can be used in interventions based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Although this suggestion has merit, CBT is only one of many applicable methods for producing belief and behavior change. Moreover, CBT's primary purpose is to help people carry out intended behaviors, not to influence intentions, and that it is more useful in face-to-face than in community-level interventions. Contrary to Hobbis and Sutton's critique, TPB can accommodate core beliefs or fundamental assumptions, but the theory suggests that interventions targeted at such beliefs are less effective than interventions targeted at behavior specific beliefs. PMID:15576497
Risk Assessment of Communication Network of Power Company Based on Rough Set Theory and Multiclass SVM
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
He, Xi; Wang, Wei; Liu, Xinyu; Ji, Yong
This paper proposes a new risk assessment method based on the attribute reduction theory of rough set and multiclass SVM classification. Rough set theory is introduced for data attribute reduction and multiclass SVM is used for automatic assessment of risk levels. Redundant features of data are deleted that can reduce the computation complexity of multiclass SVM and improve the learning and the generalization ability. Multiclass SVM trained with the empirical data can predict the risk level. Experiment shows that the predict result has relatively high precision, and the method is validity for power network risk assessment.
Learning control system design based on 2-D theory - An application to parallel link manipulator
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Geng, Z.; Carroll, R. L.; Lee, J. D.; Haynes, L. H.
An approach to iterative learning control system design based on two-dimensional system theory is presented. A two-dimensional model for the iterative learning control system which reveals the connections between learning control systems and two-dimensional system theory is established. A learning control algorithm is proposed, and the convergence of learning using this algorithm is guaranteed by two-dimensional stability. The learning algorithm is applied successfully to the trajectory tracking control problem for a parallel link robot manipulator. The excellent performance of this learning algorithm is demonstrated by the computer simulation results.
Theory-based scaling of the SOL width in circular limited tokamak plasmas
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Halpern, F. D.; Ricci, P.; Labit, B.; Furno, I.; Jolliet, S.; Loizu, J.; Mosetto, A.; Arnoux, G.; Gunn, J. P.; Horacek, J.; Ko?an, M.; LaBombard, B.; Silva, C.; Contributors, JET-EFDA
A theory-based scaling for the characteristic length of a circular, limited tokamak scrape-off layer (SOL) is obtained by considering the balance between parallel losses and non-linearly saturated resistive ballooning mode turbulence driving anomalous perpendicular transport. The SOL size increases with plasma size, resistivity, and safety factor q. The scaling is verified against flux-driven non-linear turbulence simulations, which reveal good agreement within a wide range of dimensionless parameters, including parameters closely matching the TCV tokamak. An initial comparison of the theory against experimental data from several tokamaks also yields good agreement.
Gravitational Wave Spectrums from Pole-like Inflations based on Generalized Gravity Theories
J. Hwang
We present a general and unified formulation which can handle the classical evolution and quantum generation processes of the cosmological gravitational wave in a broad class of generalized gravity theories. Applications are made in several inflation models based on the scalar-tensor theory, the induced gravity, and the low energy effective action of string theory. The gravitational wave power spectrums based on the vacuum expectation value of the quantized fluctuating metric during the pole-like inflation stages are derived in analytic forms. Assuming that the gravity theory transits to Einstein one while the relevant scales remain in the superhorizon scale, we derive the consequent power spectrums and the directional fluctuations of the relic radiation produced by the gravitational wave. The spectrums seeded by the vacuum fluctuations in the pole-like inflation models based on the generalized gravity show a distinguished common feature which differs from the scale invariant spectrum generated in an exponential inflation in Einstein gravity which is supported by observations.
Ketter, Wolfgang
AN AGENT-BASED APPROACH TO IMPROVING RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN THE DUTCH YOUTH HEALTH CARE SECTOR is used for analyzing different queuing strategies in the youth health care sector. The simulation model-stationary Poisson arrival process, and a preference algorithm to include a care provider's case preference
Density functional theory based analysis of photoinduced electron transfer in a triazacryptand based K? sensor.
Briggs, Edward A; Besley, Nicholas A
The electronic structure and photoinduced electron transfer processes in a K(+) fluorescent sensor that comprises a 4-amino-naphthalimide derived fluorophore with a triazacryptand ligand is investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) in order to rationalize the function of the sensor. The absorption and emission energies of the intense electronic excitation localized on the fluorophore are accurately described using a ?SCF Kohn-Sham DFT approach, which gives excitation energies closer to experiment than TDDFT. Analysis of the molecular orbital diagram arising from DFT calculations for the isolated molecule or with implicit solvent cannot account for the function of the sensor, and it is necessary to consider the relative energies of the electronic states formed from the local excitation on the fluorophore and the lowest fluorophore ? chelator charge transfer state. The inclusion of solvent in these calculations is critical since the strong interaction of the charge transfer state with the solvent lowers its energy below the local fluorophore excited state making a reductive photoinduced electron transfer possible in the absence of K(+), while no such process is possible when the sensor is bound to K(+). The rate of electron transfer is quantified using Marcus theory, which gives a rate of electron transfer of k(ET) = 5.98 ū 10(6) s(-1). PMID:25734899
[Application of the nursing process based on Orem's theory: a case study with a pregnant adolescent].
Torres, G de V; Davim, R M; da N¾brega, M M
This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach that aimed at applying the nursing process based in Orem Self-Care Theory, through a case study with a pregnant adolescent in order to identify the nursing diagnosis in the above mentioned clients, based on NANDA'S nursing diagnoses. Results obtained identified three nursing diagnoses: prejudiced adaptation, sleep disturb and familiar change process. The application of the nursing process based in Orem and the importance of the diagnosis identified for clients nursing care were evidenced. PMID:10734950
Education Theory and Vertical Curricular Organization Based with Individual RFID Integrated Game-Learning for Primary Education
Ming-Shen Jian; Tzu-Yao Chien; Sin-Han Chen; Chia-Yu Liu; Che Chuan Ku; Shu Hui Hsu
For general teachers, in order to product digital teaching games more in line with the teaching theory and principles, the Education Theory and Vertical Curricular Organization Based with Individual RFID Integrated Modular Scenario Design of Game-Learning for Primary Education is proposed. This designed RPG learning games are based on the structure of primary curriculum courses according to the Vertical Curricular
Robust stabilization control based on guardian maps theory for a longitudinal model of hypersonic vehicle.
Liu, Yanbin; Liu, Mengying; Sun, Peihua
A typical model of hypersonic vehicle has the complicated dynamics such as the unstable states, the nonminimum phases, and the strong coupling input-output relations. As a result, designing a robust stabilization controller is essential to implement the anticipated tasks. This paper presents a robust stabilization controller based on the guardian maps theory for hypersonic vehicle. First, the guardian maps theories are provided to explain the constraint relations between the open subsets of complex plane and the eigenvalues of the state matrix of closed-loop control system. Then, a general control structure in relation to the guardian maps theories is proposed to achieve the respected design demands. Furthermore, the robust stabilization control law depending on the given general control structure is designed for the longitudinal model of hypersonic vehicle. Finally, a simulation example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods. PMID:24795535
Robust Stabilization Control Based on Guardian Maps Theory for a Longitudinal Model of Hypersonic Vehicle
Liu, Mengying; Sun, Peihua
A typical model of hypersonic vehicle has the complicated dynamics such as the unstable states, the nonminimum phases, and the strong coupling input-output relations. As a result, designing a robust stabilization controller is essential to implement the anticipated tasks. This paper presents a robust stabilization controller based on the guardian maps theory for hypersonic vehicle. First, the guardian maps theories are provided to explain the constraint relations between the open subsets of complex plane and the eigenvalues of the state matrix of closed-loop control system. Then, a general control structure in relation to the guardian maps theories is proposed to achieve the respected design demands. Furthermore, the robust stabilization control law depending on the given general control structure is designed for the longitudinal model of hypersonic vehicle. Finally, a simulation example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods. PMID:24795535
[Social Identity Theory: a critical synthesis of its bases, evidence and controversies].
Scandroglio, Bßrbara; L¾pez MartĒnez, Jorge S; San Josķ Sebastißn, M Carmen
The social identity theory (SIT) and the self-categorization theory have had considerable influence on contemporary Social Psychology, making notable contributions to our understanding of the social dimension of behaviour. In the present work, we summarise the bases of these theories and critically review the most controversial elements of SIT, exploring its limits and potential. As shown here, the literature offers a heterogeneous body of research that includes outstanding efforts of synthesis and integration, but also numerous fragmentary studies and decontextualized interpretations that have generated distorted views of group behaviour. Taking into account the multidimensional, contextually mediated, dynamic and functional nature of identitary processes, which clearly emerge in the most serious works in the field, there is obviously a need to review the epistemological and methodological tools currently employed, with a view to developing practices that allow the study of group phenomena in a manner more suited to their complexity. PMID:18206069
An optical-lattice-based quantum simulator for relativistic field theories and topological insulators
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Mazza, Leonardo; Bermudez, Alejandro; Goldman, Nathan; Rizzi, Matteo; Martin-Delgado, Miguel Angel; Lewenstein, Maciej
We present a proposal for a versatile cold-atom-based quantum simulator of relativistic fermionic theories and topological insulators in arbitrary dimensions. The setup consists of a spin-independent optical lattice that traps a collection of hyperfine states of the same alkaline atom, to which the different degrees of freedom of the field theory to be simulated are then mapped. We show that the combination of bi-chromatic optical lattices with Raman transitions can allow the engineering of a spin-dependent tunneling of the atoms between neighboring lattice sites. These assisted-hopping processes can be employed for the quantum simulation of various interesting models, ranging from non-interacting relativistic fermionic theories to topological insulators. We present a toolbox for the realization of different types of relativistic lattice fermions, which can then be exploited to synthesize a majority of phases in the periodic table of topological insulators.
A Theory-based Approach to the Measurement of Foreign Language Learning Ability: The CANAL-F Theory and Test.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Grigorenko, Elena L.; Sternberg, Robert J.; Ehrman, Madeline E.
Presents a rationale, description, and partial construct validation of a new theory of foreign language aptitude: CANAL-F--Cognitive Ability for Novelty in Acquisition of Language (foreign). The theory was applied and implemented in a test of foreign language aptitude (CANAL-FT). Outlines the CANAL-F theory and details of its instrumentationģ
Performance Modeling and Prediction of Enterprise JavaBeans with Layered Queuing Network Templates
.email@example.com Abstract Component technologies, such as Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) and .NET, are used in enterprise components. This paper describes a framework for constructing such models, based on layered queue templates and other approaches such as .NET do this by providing many services which applications require (such
Membrane-based characterization of a gas component--a transient sensor theory.
Lazik, Detlef
Based on a multi-gas solution-diffusion problem for a dense symmetrical membrane this paper presents a transient theory of a planar, membrane-based sensor cell for measuring gas from both initial conditions: dynamic and thermodynamic equilibrium. Using this theory, the ranges for which previously developed, simpler approaches are valid will be discussed; these approaches are of vital interest for membrane-based gas sensor applications. Finally, a new theoretical approach is introduced to identify varying gas components by arranging sensor cell pairs resulting in a concentration independent gas-specific critical time. Literature data for the N2, O2, Ar, CH4, CO2, H2 and C4H10 diffusion coefficients and solubilities for a polydimethylsiloxane membrane were used to simulate gas specific sensor responses. The results demonstrate the influence of (i) the operational mode; (ii) sensor geometry and (iii) gas matrices (air, Ar) on that critical time. Based on the developed theory the case-specific suitable membrane materials can be determined and both operation and design options for these sensors can be optimized for individual applications. The results of mixing experiments for different gases (O2, CO2) in a gas matrix of air confirmed the theoretical predictions. PMID:24608004
Membrane-Based Characterization of a Gas Component Ś A Transient Sensor Theory
Lazik, Detlef
Based on a multi-gas solution-diffusion problem for a dense symmetrical membrane this paper presents a transient theory of a planar, membrane-based sensor cell for measuring gas from both initial conditions: dynamic and thermodynamic equilibrium. Using this theory, the ranges for which previously developed, simpler approaches are valid will be discussed; these approaches are of vital interest for membrane-based gas sensor applications. Finally, a new theoretical approach is introduced to identify varying gas components by arranging sensor cell pairs resulting in a concentration independent gas-specific critical time. Literature data for the N2, O2, Ar, CH4, CO2, H2 and C4H10 diffusion coefficients and solubilities for a polydimethylsiloxane membrane were used to simulate gas specific sensor responses. The results demonstrate the influence of (i) the operational mode; (ii) sensor geometry and (iii) gas matrices (air, Ar) on that critical time. Based on the developed theory the case-specific suitable membrane materials can be determined and both operation and design options for these sensors can be optimized for individual applications. The results of mixing experiments for different gases (O2, CO2) in a gas matrix of air confirmed the theoretical predictions. PMID:24608004
Buckling analysis of functionally graded nanobeams based on a nonlocal third-order shear deformation theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Rahmani, O.; Jandaghian, A. A.
In this paper, a general third-order beam theory that accounts for nanostructure-dependent size effects and two-constituent material variation through the nanobeam thickness, i.e., functionally graded material (FGM) beam is presented. The material properties of FG nanobeams are assumed to vary through the thickness according to the power law. A detailed derivation of the equations of motion based on Eringen nonlocal theory using Hamilton's principle is presented, and a closed-form solution is derived for buckling behavior of the new model with various boundary conditions. The nonlocal elasticity theory includes a material length scale parameter that can capture the size effect in a functionally graded material. The proposed model is efficient in predicting the shear effect in FG nanobeams by applying third-order shear deformation theory. The proposed approach is validated by comparing the obtained results with benchmark results available in the literature. In the following, a parametric study is conducted to investigate the influences of the length scale parameter, gradient index, and length-to-thickness ratio on the buckling of FG nanobeams and the improvement on nonlocal third-order shear deformation theory comparing with the classical (local) beam model has been shown. It is found out that length scale parameter is crucial in studying the stability behavior of the nanobeams.
Personality and Psychopathology: a Theory-Based Revision of EysenckÆs PEN Model
van Kampen, Dirk
The principal aim of this paper is to investigate whether it is possible to create a personality taxonomy of clinical relevance out of EysenckÆs original PEN model by repairing the various shortcomings that can be noted in EysenckÆs personality theory, particularly in relation to P or Psychoticism. Addressing three approaches that have been followed to answer the question æwhich personality factors are basic?Æ, arguments are listed to show that particularly the theory-informed approach, originally defended by Eysenck, may lead to scientific progress. However, also noting the many deficiencies in the nomological network surrounding P, the peculiar situation arises that we adhere to EysenckÆs theory-informed methodology, but criticize his theory. These arguments and criticisms led to the replacement of P by three orthogonal and theory-based factors, Insensitivity (S), Orderliness (G), and Absorption (A), that together with the dimensions E or Extraversion and N or Neuroticism, that were retained from EysenckÆs PEN model, appear to give a comprehensive account of the main vulnerability factors in schizophrenia and affective disorders, as well as in other psychopathological conditions. PMID:20498694
The Circuit Theory Behind Coupled-Mode Magnetic Resonance-Based Wireless Power Transmission
Kiani, Mehdi; Ghovanloo, Maysam
Inductive coupling is a viable scheme to wirelessly energize devices with a wide range of power requirements from nanowatts in radio frequency identification tags to milliwatts in implantable microelectronic devices, watts in mobile electronics, and kilowatts in electric cars. Several analytical methods for estimating the power transfer efficiency (PTE) across inductive power transmission links have been devised based on circuit and electromagnetic theories by electrical engineers and physicists, respectively. However, a direct side-by-side comparison between these two approaches is lacking. Here, we have analyzed the PTE of a pair of capacitively loaded inductors via reflected load theory (RLT) and compared it with a method known as coupled-mode theory (CMT). We have also derived PTE equations for multiple capacitively loaded inductors based on both RLT and CMT. We have proven that both methods basically result in the same set of equations in steady state and either method can be applied for short- or midrange coupling conditions. We have verified the accuracy of both methods through measurements, and also analyzed the transient response of a pair of capacitively loaded inductors. Our analysis shows that the CMT is only applicable to coils with high quality factor (Q) and large coupling distance. It simplifies the analysis by reducing the order of the differential equations by half compared to the circuit theory. PMID:24683368
The Circuit Theory Behind Coupled-Mode Magnetic Resonance-Based Wireless Power Transmission.
Kiani, Mehdi; Ghovanloo, Maysam
Inductive coupling is a viable scheme to wirelessly energize devices with a wide range of power requirements from nanowatts in radio frequency identification tags to milliwatts in implantable microelectronic devices, watts in mobile electronics, and kilowatts in electric cars. Several analytical methods for estimating the power transfer efficiency (PTE) across inductive power transmission links have been devised based on circuit and electromagnetic theories by electrical engineers and physicists, respectively. However, a direct side-by-side comparison between these two approaches is lacking. Here, we have analyzed the PTE of a pair of capacitively loaded inductors via reflected load theory (RLT) and compared it with a method known as coupled-mode theory (CMT). We have also derived PTE equations for multiple capacitively loaded inductors based on both RLT and CMT. We have proven that both methods basically result in the same set of equations in steady state and either method can be applied for short- or midrange coupling conditions. We have verified the accuracy of both methods through measurements, and also analyzed the transient response of a pair of capacitively loaded inductors. Our analysis shows that the CMT is only applicable to coils with high quality factor (Q) and large coupling distance. It simplifies the analysis by reducing the order of the differential equations by half compared to the circuit theory. PMID:24683368
Paying for express checkout: competition and price discrimination in multi-server queuing systems.
Deck, Cary; Kimbrough, Erik O; Mongrain, Steeve
We model competition between two firms selling identical goods to customers who arrive in the market stochastically. Shoppers choose where to purchase based upon both price and the time cost associated with waiting for service. One seller provides two separate queues, each with its own server, while the other seller has a single queue and server. We explore the market impact of the multi-server seller engaging in waiting cost-based-price discrimination by charging a premium for express checkout. Specifically, we analyze this situation computationally and through the use of controlled laboratory experiments. We find that this form of price discrimination is harmful to sellers and beneficial to consumers. When the two-queue seller offers express checkout for impatient customers, the single queue seller focuses on the patient shoppers thereby driving down prices and profits while increasing consumer surplus. PMID:24667809
Web-Based Learning Environment: A Theory-Based Design Process for Development and Evaluation
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nam, Chang S.; Smith-Jackson, Tonya L.
Web-based courses and programs have increasingly been developed by many academic institutions, organizations, and companies worldwide due to their benefits for both learners and educators. However, many of the developmental approaches lack two important considerations needed for implementing Web-based learning applications: (1) integration of theģ
Design of Flexure-based Precision Transmission Mechanisms using Screw Theory
Hopkins, J B; Panas, R M
This paper enables the synthesis of flexure-based transmission mechanisms that possess multiple decoupled inputs and outputs of any type (e.g. rotations, translations, and/or screw motions), which are linked by designer-specified transmission ratios. A comprehensive library of geometric shapes is utilized from which every feasible concept that possesses the desired transmission characteristics may be rapidly conceptualized and compared before an optimal concept is selected. These geometric shapes represent the rigorous mathematics of screw theory and uniquely link a body's desired motions to the flexible constraints that enable those motions. This paper's impact is most significant to the design of nano-positioners, microscopy stages, optical mounts, and sensors. A flexure-based microscopy stage was designed, fabricated, and tested to demonstrate the utility of the theory.
[Research on ECG signal analysis based on the cloudy model theory].
Li, Xin; Hong, Wenxue; Wang, Xiuqing; Wang, Huini
The characteristics of electrocardiogram (ECG) signal are fuzzy and random, so that they are difficult for automatic analysis and diagnosis. To solve this problem, an uncertainties transformation model-Cloud Model, which is a fusion of qualitative and quantitative information, was tried to use to analyze the ECG signal. The model fusions the characters of fuzzy and random, just suit to the ECG automatic analysis and diagnosis system. Based on the theory of the cloudy transform and comprehensive cloud, the clustering of ECG signal was finished. Further more, the clinic experience of expert was summarized as classification rules based on the theory. The experiment data were from MIT/ BIH database. The experiment results showed more close to those of the expert's analysis. The describing result was more close to those of the more expert's with qualitative and quantitative information. It is well concluded that the method is an effective ECG signal analysis method. PMID:21485177
A theory-based logic model for innovation policy and evaluation.
Jordan, Gretchen B.
Current policy and program rationale, objectives, and evaluation use a fragmented picture of the innovation process. This presents a challenge since in the United States officials in both the executive and legislative branches of government see innovation, whether that be new products or processes or business models, as the solution to many of the problems the country faces. The logic model is a popular tool for developing and describing the rationale for a policy or program and its context. This article sets out to describe generic logic models of both the R&D process and the diffusion process, building on existing theory-based frameworks. Then a combined, theory-based logic model for the innovation process is presented. Examples of the elements of the logic, each a possible leverage point or intervention, are provided, along with a discussion of how this comprehensive but simple model might be useful for both evaluation and policy development.
Agent-based modeling: a new approach for theory building in social psychology.
Smith, Eliot R; Conrey, Frederica R
Most social and psychological phenomena occur not as the result of isolated decisions by individuals but rather as the result of repeated interactions between multiple individuals over time. Yet the theory-building and modeling techniques most commonly used in social psychology are less than ideal for understanding such dynamic and interactive processes. This article describes an alternative approach to theory building, agent-based modeling (ABM), which involves simulation of large numbers of autonomous agents that interact with each other and with a simulated environment and the observation of emergent patterns from their interactions. The authors believe that the ABM approach is better able than prevailing approaches in the field, variable-based modeling (VBM) techniques such as causal modeling, to capture types of complex, dynamic, interactive processes so important in the social world. The article elaborates several important contrasts between ABM and VBM and offers specific recommendations for learning more and applying the ABM approach. PMID:18453457
Prediction of Self-Diffusion Coefficients of Fluids Based on Friction and Free Volume Theories
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhong, Qiu; Yang, Liping; Tao, Ye; Luo, Caiyun; Xu, Zijun; Xi, Tonggeng
With a combination of friction and free volume theories, a new equation for calculating the self-diffusion coefficient is presented based on molecular dynamics simulation data in the literature. The equation could be applied to calculate the self-diffusion coefficient of real fluids in the gas or liquid phase. The equation was used to calculate the self-diffusion coefficients of 18 substances. The absolute average relative deviation was 13.79 %.
Numerical Predictions of GIA Based on a New Generalized Sea-Level Theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kendall, R.; Mitrovica, J. X.; Milne, G. A.
The calculation of gravitationally self-consistent sea level changes driven by the melting of ice sheets is a classic problem in geophysics. Since the redistribution of ocean mass, together with the ice load, constitutes the total surface mass load in such applications, a robust prediction of any related observable (3-D crustal motions, rotational anomalies, etc.) requires an accurate prediction of the sea level (ocean load) change. Although the Farrell & Clark [1976] sea level equation remains a standard pillar of modern research in glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), their approach assumes a non-rotating Earth and shorelines that remain fixed as sea level rises and falls through the glacial cycle. Over the last decade, numerous efforts have been made to extend sea level predictions based on the Farrell & Clark [1976] theory to incorporate both rotation effects and an evolving shoreline geometry, where the latter arises from local ocean transgression/regression or from the growth/ablation of grounded marine-based ice. Recently, a generalized sea-level theory has been described which is based on an exact relationship between GIA-induced global sea level variations and ocean height changes [Mitrovica & Milne, 2003]. We outline this theory, which holds for arbitrary 3-D viscoelastic Earth models, and present a suite of results from its application to spherically symmetric Earth models. In particular, we present differences in predictions based on the old and new sea-level theory in order to highlight cases where the former is no longer sufficiently accurate for modern GIA analyses.
Generation of Parallel Manipulators with Three Translational Degrees of Freedom Based on Screw Theory
Xianwen Kong Cl; M. Gosselin
A method is proposed based on screw theory to generate par- allel manipulators with three translational degrees of free- dom (PMTTDOFs). The generation of PMTTDOFs is re- duced to the generation of serial chains with n-infinite-pitch (IP)-wrench systems. Serial chains with n-IP-wrench sys- tems can be easily generated. Taking all the combinations of serial chains generated, making sure that the
Shape Representation and Indexing Based on Region Connection Calculus and Oriented Matroid Theory
Ernesto Staffetti; Antoni Grau; Francesc Serratosa; Alberto Sanfeliu
\\u000a In this paper a novel method for indexing views of 3D objects is presented. The topological properties of the regions of the\\u000a views of a set of objects are used to define an index based on the region connection calculus and oriented matroid theory.\\u000a Both are formalisms for qualitative spatial representation and reasoning and are complementary in the sense that
Day-trading of Nikkei 225 Index Futures based on Chaos Theory
Tadashi Iokibe; Takashi Kimura; Yasunari Fujimoto; Yasuyuki Kuratsu
From the perspective that financial market time series display chaotic property, we composed a pilot fund. The amount of this\\u000a fund is 10 million yen formed by a limited partnership. We applied the local fuzzy reconstruction method based on chaos theory\\u000a to predict a financial time series; the Nikkei 225 index futures market price. And we actually traded those index
Speed control of a three-phase induction motor based on robust optimal preview control theory
Mohamed M. M. Negm; Jamil M. Bakhashwain; M. H. Shwehdi
A synthesized method for speed control of a three-phase induction motor (IM) based on optimal preview control system theory is implemented in this article. An IM model comprises three-input variables and three-output variables that coincide with the synchronous reference frame that is implemented using the vector method. The input variables of this model are the stator angular frequency and the
Customer Focused System for Presale Housing Customisation Using Case-based Reasoning and Feng Shui Theory
Yi-Kai Juan; Sheng-Fen Chien; Yi-Jhen Li
Customisation and Feng Shui principles have been increasingly emphasized in many Asian countries. The traditional housing customisation approach is indefinite, and the judgment on using Feng Shui for housing is costly and time-consuming. This study presents a customer-focused system to support decision making in pre-sale housing customisation using a case-based reasoning (CBR) approach combining important Feng Shui theories. Two prevalent
Generalized constitutive relations for metamaterials based on the quasi-static Lorentz theory
Akira Ishimaru; Seung-Woo Lee; Yasuo Kuga; Vikram Jandhyala
This paper presents a method of calculating the elements of the generalized matrix representation of the macroscopic constitutive relations for a three-dimensional (3-D) array of non-magnetic inclusions with arbitrary shape. The derivation is based on the quasi-static Lorentz theory and the inclusions are represented by electric and magnetic dipole moments. The 6ū6 constitutive relation matrix is expressed in terms of
Testing a self-determination theory-based teaching style intervention in the exercise domain
Jemma Edmunds; Nikos Ntoumanis; Joan L Duda
Drawing from self-determination theory (SDT), this study examined the effect of an autonomy supportive, well structured and interpersonally involving teaching style on exercise class participants' psychological need satisfaction, motivational regulations, exercise behaviour, behavioural intention and affect. Female exercise class participants enrolled in a 10-week exercise program were exposed to an SDT-based (i.e. SDTc; n ╝ 25) or typical (i.e. control
Tidal evolution of the Earth-moon system - Calculations based on McDonald-Goldreich's theory
N. Yu. Drozdova; V. M. Kiselev
The calculations of the parameters of the tidal evolution of the Earth-moon system are performed using McDonald-Goldreich's theory based on the elastic static tide model. Situations corresponding to different values of the tidal dissipative factor Q in the late Archean-Proterozoan and in the early Archean are considered. The influence of solar tides and the effects related to the formation of
a Quantum Theory of Gravity Based on a Composite Model of Leptons and Quarks
B. A. Robson
A quantum theory of gravity, based upon a composite model of leptons and quarks, is presented. The model treats leptons and quarks as composites of three kinds of spin-(1)\\/(2) particles (rishons) and\\/or their antiparticles. A strong color force, mediated by massless hypergluons, binds rishons and\\/or antirishons together to form colorless leptons or colored quarks, the fundamental particles of the Standard
A reexamination of information theory-based methods for DNA-binding site identification
Erill, Ivan; O'Neill, Michael C
Background Searching for transcription factor binding sites in genome sequences is still an open problem in bioinformatics. Despite substantial progress, search methods based on information theory remain a standard in the field, even though the full validity of their underlying assumptions has only been tested in artificial settings. Here we use newly available data on transcription factors from different bacterial genomes to make a more thorough assessment of information theory-based search methods. Results Our results reveal that conventional benchmarking against artificial sequence data leads frequently to overestimation of search efficiency. In addition, we find that sequence information by itself is often inadequate and therefore must be complemented by other cues, such as curvature, in real genomes. Furthermore, results on skewed genomes show that methods integrating skew information, such as Relative Entropy, are not effective because their assumptions may not hold in real genomes. The evidence suggests that binding sites tend to evolve towards genomic skew, rather than against it, and to maintain their information content through increased conservation. Based on these results, we identify several misconceptions on information theory as applied to binding sites, such as negative entropy, and we propose a revised paradigm to explain the observed results. Conclusion We conclude that, among information theory-based methods, the most unassuming search methods perform, on average, better than any other alternatives, since heuristic corrections to these methods are prone to fail when working on real data. A reexamination of information content in binding sites reveals that information content is a compound measure of search and binding affinity requirements, a fact that has important repercussions for our understanding of binding site evolution. PMID:19210776
Game Theory Based Dynamic Bit-Rate Adaptation for H.264 Scalable Video Transmission in 4G
Jagannatham, Aditya K.
Game Theory Based Dynamic Bit-Rate Adaptation for H.264 Scalable Video Transmission in 4G Wireless adaptation game based on the quasi-concavity of the net video utility function. Existence of Nash equilibrium based services such as video conferencing, interactive gaming and subscription based broadcast
Value-at-risk estimation with wavelet-based extreme value theory: Evidence from emerging markets
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Cifter, Atilla
This paper introduces wavelet-based extreme value theory (EVT) for univariate value-at-risk estimation. Wavelets and EVT are combined for volatility forecasting to estimate a hybrid model. In the first stage, wavelets are used as a threshold in generalized Pareto distribution, and in the second stage, EVT is applied with a wavelet-based threshold. This new model is applied to two major emerging stock markets: the Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) and the Budapest Stock Exchange (BUX). The relative performance of wavelet-based EVT is benchmarked against the Riskmetrics-EWMA, ARMA-GARCH, generalized Pareto distribution, and conditional generalized Pareto distribution models. The empirical results show that the wavelet-based extreme value theory increases predictive performance of financial forecasting according to number of violations and tail-loss tests. The superior forecasting performance of the wavelet-based EVT model is also consistent with Basel II requirements, and this new model can be used by financial institutions as well.
978-1-4673-2447-2/12/$31.00 c2012 IEEE Delay-based Congestion Control for Multipath TCP
Fu, Xiaoming
978-1-4673-2447-2/12/$31.00 c2012 IEEE Delay-based Congestion Control for Multipath TCP Yu Cao of multipath transport protocols, a multihomed host can shift some of its traffic from more congested paths for multipath congestion control, which uses packet queuing delay as congestion signals, thus achieving fine
A methodology for computing uncertainty bounds of multivariable systems based on sector stability theory concepts
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Waszak, Martin R.
The application of a sector-based stability theory approach to the formulation of useful uncertainty descriptions for linear, time-invariant, multivariable systems is explored. A review of basic sector properties and sector-based approach are presented first. The sector-based approach is then applied to several general forms of parameter uncertainty to investigate its advantages and limitations. The results indicate that the sector uncertainty bound can be used effectively to evaluate the impact of parameter uncertainties on the frequency response of the design model. Inherent conservatism is a potential limitation of the sector-based approach, especially for highly dependent uncertain parameters. In addition, the representation of the system dynamics can affect the amount of conservatism reflected in the sector bound. Careful application of the model can help to reduce this conservatism, however, and the solution approach has some degrees of freedom that may be further exploited to reduce the conservatism.
Identification of a novel V1-type AVP receptor based on the molecular recognition theory.
Herrera, V. L.; Ruiz-Opazo, N.
BACKGROUND: The molecular recognition theory predicts that binding domains of peptide hormones and their corresponding receptor binding domains evolved from complementary strands of genomic DNA, and that a process of selective evolutionary mutational events within these primordial domains gave rise to the high affinity and high specificity of peptide hormone-receptor interactions observed today in different peptide hormone-receptor systems. Moreover, this theory has been broadened as a general hypothesis that could explain the evolution of intermolecular protein-protein and intramolecular peptide interactions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Applying a molecular cloning strategy based on the molecular recognition theory, we screened a rat kidney cDNA library with a vasopressin (AVP) antisense oligonucleotide probe, expecting to isolate potential AVP receptors. RESULTS: We isolated a rat kidney cDNA encoding a functional V1-type vasopressin receptor. Structural analysis identified a 135 amino acid-long polypeptide with a single transmembrane domain, quite distinct from the rhodopsin-based G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. Functional analysis of the expressed V1-type receptor in Cos-1 cells revealed AVP-specific binding, AVP-specific coupling to Ca2+ mobilizing transduction system, and characteristic V1-type antagonist inhibition. CONCLUSIONS: This is the second AVP receptor cDNA isolated using AVP antipeptide-based oligonucleotide screening, thus providing compelling evidence in support of the molecular recognition theory as the basis of the evolution of this peptide hormone-receptor system, as well as adds molecular complexity and diversity to AVP receptor systems. PMID:11683375
Adapting SAFT-╬│ perturbation theory to site-based molecular dynamics simulation. I. Homogeneous fluids
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ghobadi, Ahmadreza F.; Elliott, J. Richard
In this work, we aim to develop a version of the Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (SAFT)-? equation of state (EOS) that is compatible with united-atom force fields, rather than experimental data. We rely on the accuracy of the force fields to provide the relation to experimental data. Although, our objective is a transferable theory of interfacial properties for soft and fused heteronuclear chains, we first clarify the details of the SAFT-? approach in terms of site-based simulations for homogeneous fluids. We show that a direct comparison of Helmholtz free energy to molecular simulation, in the framework of a third order Weeks-Chandler-Andersen perturbation theory, leads to an EOS that takes force field parameters as input and reproduces simulation results for Vapor-Liquid Equilibria (VLE) calculations. For example, saturated liquid density and vapor pressure of n-alkanes ranging from methane to dodecane deviate from those of the Transferable Potential for Phase Equilibria (TraPPE) force field by about 0.8% and 4%, respectively. Similar agreement between simulation and theory is obtained for critical properties and second virial coefficient. The EOS also reproduces simulation data of mixtures with about 5% deviation in bubble point pressure. Extension to inhomogeneous systems and united-atom site types beyond those used in description of n-alkanes will be addressed in succeeding papers.
Analysis of dislocation pile-ups using a dislocation-based continuum theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Schulz, K.; Dickel, D.; Schmitt, S.; Sandfeld, S.; Weygand, D.; Gumbsch, P.
The increasing demand for materials with well-defined microstructure, accompanied by the advancing miniaturization of devices, is the reason for the growing interest in physically motivated, dislocation-based continuum theories of plasticity. In recent years, various advanced continuum theories have been introduced, which are able to described the motion of straight and curved dislocation lines. The focus of this paper is the question of how to include fundamental properties of discrete dislocations during their motion and interaction in a continuum dislocation dynamics (CDD) theory. In our CDD model, we obtain elastic interaction stresses for the bundles of dislocations by a mean-field stress, which represents long-range stress components, and a short range corrective stress component, which represents the gradients of the local dislocation density. The attracting and repelling behavior of bundles of straight dislocations of the same and opposite sign are analyzed. Furthermore, considering different dislocation pile-up systems, we show that the CDD formulation can solve various fundamental problems of micro-plasticity. To obtain a mesh size independent formulation (which is a prerequisite for further application of the theory to more complex situations), we propose a discretization dependent scaling of the short range interaction stress. CDD results are compared to analytical solutions and benchmark data obtained from discrete dislocation simulations.
Theory of plasma contactors in ground-based experiments and low Earth orbit
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Gerver, M. J.; Hastings, Daniel E.; Oberhardt, M. R.
Previous theoretical work on plasma contactors as current collectors has fallen into two categories: collisionless double layer theory (describing space charge limited contactor clouds) and collisional quasineutral theory. Ground based experiments at low current are well explained by double layer theory, but this theory does not scale well to power generation by electrodynamic tethers in space, since very high anode potentials are needed to draw a substantial ambient electron current across the magnetic field in the absence of collisions (or effective collisions due to turbulence). Isotropic quasineutral models of contactor clouds, extending over a region where the effective collision frequency upsilon sub e exceeds the electron cyclotron frequency omega sub ce, have low anode potentials, but would collect very little ambient electron current, much less than the emitted ion current. A new model is presented, for an anisotropic contactor cloud oriented along the magnetic field, with upsilon sub e less than omega sub ce. The electron motion along the magnetic field is nearly collisionless, forming double layers in that direction, while across the magnetic field the electrons diffuse collisionally and the potential profile is determined by quasineutrality. Using a simplified expression for upsilon sub e due to ion acoustic turbulence, an analytic solution has been found for this model, which should be applicable to current collection in space. The anode potential is low and the collected ambient electron current can be several times the emitted ion current.
Three new branched chain equations of state based on Wertheim's perturbation theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Marshall, Bennett D.; Chapman, Walter G.
In this work, we present three new branched chain equations of state (EOS) based on Wertheim's perturbation theory. The first represents a slightly approximate general branched chain solution of Wertheim's second order perturbation theory (TPT2) for athermal hard chains, and the second represents the extension of first order perturbation theory with a dimer reference fluid (TPT1-D) to branched athermal hard chain molecules. Each athermal branched chain EOS was shown to give improved results over their linear counterparts when compared to simulation data for branched chain molecules with the branched TPT1-D EOS being the most accurate. Further, it is shown that the branched TPT1-D EOS can be extended to a Lennard-Jones dimer reference system to obtain an equation of state for branched Lennard-Jones chains. The theory is shown to accurately predict the change in phase diagram and vapor pressure which results from branching as compared to experimental data for n-octane and corresponding branched isomers.
Energy decomposition analysis based on a block-localized wavefunction and multistate density functional theory
Bao, Peng
An interaction energy decomposition analysis method based on the block-localized wavefunction (BLW-ED) approach is described. The first main feature of the BLW-ED method is that it combines concepts of valence bond and molecular orbital theories such that the intermediate and physically intuitive electron-localized states are variationally optimized by self-consistent field calculations. Furthermore, the block-localization scheme can be used both in wave function theory and in density functional theory, providing a useful tool to gain insights on intermolecular interactions that would otherwise be difficult to obtain using the delocalized Kohn¢Sham DFT. These features allow broad applications of the BLW method to energy decomposition (BLW-ED) analysis for intermolecular interactions. In this perspective, we outline theoretical aspects of the BLW-ED method, and illustrate its applications in hydrogen-bonding and ?¢cation intermolecular interactions as well as metal¢carbonyl complexes. Future prospects on the development of a multistate density functional theory (MSDFT) are presented, making use of block-localized electronic states as the basis configurations. PMID:21369567
Eight myths on motivating social services workers: theory-based perspectives.
Latting, J K
A combination of factors has made formal motivational and reward systems rare in human service organizations generally and virtually non-existent in social service agencies. The author reviews eight of these myths by reference to eight motivational theories which refute them: need theory, expectancy theory, feedback theory, equity theory, reinforcement theory, cognitive evaluation theory, goal setting theory, and social influence theory. Although most of these theories have been developed and applied in the private sector, relevant research has also been conducted in social service agencies. The author concludes with a summary of guidelines suggested by the eight theories for motivating human service workers. PMID:10114292
Nonlinear vibration of double layered viscoelastic nanoplates based on nonlocal theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Wang, Yu; Li, Feng-Ming; Wang, Yi-Ze
The nonlinear flexural vibration properties of double layered viscoelastic nanoplates are investigated based on nonlocal continuum theory. The von Kßmßn strain-displacement relation is employed to model the geometrical nonlinearity. Based on the classical plate theory, the formulations are derived by the Hamilton's principle in conjunction with Eringen's nonlocal elasticity theory, and are further discretized by the Galerkin's method. The coordinate transformation is adopted to obtain the nonlinear governing equations of motion in the modal coordinate system. On the basis of these equations, the frequency responses of double layered nanoplates with simply supported and clamped boundary conditions are derived by the method of multiple scales. The influences of small scale and other structural parameters (e.g. the aspect ratio of the plate, van der Walls (vdW) interaction and the viscidity of the plate) on the nonlinear vibration characteristics are discussed. From the result, the vdW interaction has obvious effects on the nonlinear frequency corresponding to the second nonlinear normal mode (NNM). The nonexistence of the internal resonance is also induced from the vdW forces between the plates. The influence of the elastic matrix is also discussed. The hardening nonlinearity is observed for the primary resonance. Additionally, some interesting phenomena different from the linear vibration are observed.
Compressed sensing theory-based channel estimation for optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing communication system
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhao, Hui; Li, Minghui; Wang, Ruyan; Liu, Yuanni; Song, Daiping
Due to the spare multipath property of the channel, a channel estimation method, which is based on partial superimposed training sequence and compressed sensing theory, is proposed for line of sight optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing communication systems. First, a continuous training sequence is added at variable power ratio to the cyclic prefix of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols at the transmitter prior to transmission. Then the observation matrix of compressed sensing theory is structured by the use of the training symbols at receiver. Finally, channel state information is estimated using sparse signal reconstruction algorithm. Compared to traditional training sequences, the proposed partial superimposed training sequence not only improves the spectral efficiency, but also reduces the influence to information symbols. In addition, compared with classical least squares and linear minimum mean square error methods, the proposed compressed sensing theory based channel estimation method can improve both the estimation accuracy and the system performance. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.
Extended weighted fair queuing (EWFQ) algorithm for broadband applications including multicast traffic
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Tufail, Mudassir; Cousin, Bernard
Ensuring end-to-end bounded delay and fair allocation of bandwidth to a backlogged session are no more the only criterias for declaring a queue service scheme good. With the evolution of packet-switched networks, more and more distributed and multimedia applications are being developed. These applications demand that service offered to them should be homogeneously distributed at all instants contrarily to back-to-back packet's serving in WFQ scheme. There are two reasons for this demand of homogeneous service: (1) In feedback based congestion control algorithms, sources constantly sample the network state using the feedback from the receiver. The source modifies its emission rate in accordance to the feedback message. A reliable feedback message is only possible if the packet service is homogeneous. (2) In multicast applications, where packet replication is performed at switches, replicated packets are probable to be served at different rates if service to them, at different output ports, is not homogeneous. This is not desirable for such applications as the phenomena of packet replication to different multicast branches, at a switch, has to be carried out at a homogeneous speed for the following two important reasons: (1) heterogeneous service rates of replicated multicast packets result in different feedback informations, from different destinations (of same multicast session), and thus lead to unstable and less efficient network control. (2) in a switch architecture, the buffer requirement can be reduced if replication and serving of multicast packets are done at a homogeneous rate. Thus, there is a need of a service discipline which not only serve the applications at no less than their guaranteed rates but also assures a homogeneous service to packets. The homogeneous service to an application may precisely be translated in terms of maintaining a good inter-packets spacing. EWFQ scheme is identical to WFQ scheme expect that a packet is stamped with delayed value of service start time of packet in corresponding GPS scheme, This delay is meant to consider the packet slots which might be occupied by a packet of precedently served session. Then EWFQ scheme serves the packets in the increasing order of their stamp values. It provides an end-to-end bounded delay service to applications. For multicast sessions, this scheme ensures a homogeneous service rate to all the replicated packet thus permits the replicator to work at a rather constant speed. Session's packets get distributed more accurately with low cost, moreover EWFQ scheme is highly probable to perform lesser number of operations than other schemes (e.g. WF2Q) while ensuring good inter-packets spacing.
The evolution of an intervention--the use of Peplau's process of practice-based theory development.
Peden, A R
In 1969, at the first Nursing Theory Conference, Hildegard Peplau proposed a research methodology that would guide the development of nursing knowledge. To direct nurses in the development of practice-based theory, Peplau proposed a three-step process that would assist in this pursuit. The purpose of this paper is to describe the use of Peplau's process of practice-based theory development as it has directed a program of research in the area of depression. Peplau's ideas related to practice-based theory development came at a time in nursing when grand theories were being developed and theoretical nursing was highly valued. Peplau, ahead of her time, proposed an approach that valued the development of nursing knowledge in practice, while also combining both qualitative and quantitative methods. This research methodology deserves recognition today, as one that can guide knowledge development in psychiatric nursing. PMID:9807345
Social judgment theory based model on opinion formation, polarization and evolution
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Chau, H. F.; Wong, C. Y.; Chow, F. K.; Fung, Chi-Hang Fred
The dynamical origin of opinion polarization in the real world is an interesting topic that physical scientists may help to understand. To properly model the dynamics, the theory must be fully compatible with findings by social psychologists on microscopic opinion change. Here we introduce a generic model of opinion formation with homogeneous agents based on the well-known social judgment theory in social psychology by extending a similar model proposed by Jager and Amblard. The agentsÆ opinions will eventually cluster around extreme and/or moderate opinions forming three phases in a two-dimensional parameter space that describes the microscopic opinion response of the agents. The dynamics of this model can be qualitatively understood by mean-field analysis. More importantly, first-order phase transition in opinion distribution is observed by evolving the system under a slow change in the system parameters, showing that punctuated equilibria in public opinion can occur even in a fully connected social network.
Image Segmentation Using Fuzzy Clustering with Spatial Constraints Based on Markov Random Field via Bayesian Theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Li, Xiaohe; Zhang, Taiyi; Qu, Zhan
Image segmentation is an essential processing step for many image analysis applications. In this paper, a novel image segmentation algorithm using fuzzy C-means clustering (FCM) with spatial constraints based on Markov random field (MRF) via Bayesian theory is proposed. Due to disregard of spatial constraint information, the FCM algorithm fails to segment images corrupted by noise. In order to improve the robustness of FCM to noise, a powerful model for the membership functions that incorporates local correlation is given by MRF defined through a Gibbs function. Then spatial information is incorporated into the FCM by Bayesian theory. Therefore, the proposed algorithm has both the advantages of the FCM and MRF, and is robust to noise. Experimental results on the synthetic and real-world images are given to demonstrate the robustness and validity of the proposed algorithm.
A theory-based evaluation of a community-based funding scheme in a disadvantaged suburban city area.
Hickey, Grßinne; McGilloway, Sinead; O'Brien, Morgan; Leckey, Yvonne; Devlin, Maurice
Community-driven development (CDD) initiatives frequently involve funding schemes which are aimed at channelling financial investment into local need and fostering community participation and engagement. This exploratory study examined, through a program theory approach, the design and implementation of a small-scale, community-based fund in Ireland. Observations, documentary analysis, interviews and group discussions with 19 participants were utilized to develop a detailed understanding of the program mechanisms, activities and processes, as well as the experiences of key stakeholders engaged with the funding scheme and its implementation. The findings showed that there were positive perceptions of the scheme and its function within the community. Overall, the availability of funding was perceived by key stakeholders as being beneficial. However, there were concerns over the accessibility of the scheme for more marginalized members of the community, as well as dissatisfaction with the openness and transparency surrounding funding eligibility. Lessons for the implementation of small-scale CDD funds are elaborated and the utility of program theory approaches for evaluators and planners working with programs that fund community-based initiatives is outlined. PMID:25933408
Research on Layout of Airport Logistics Park Based on Graph Theory: An Empirical Study of Ningbo Airport Logistics Park
Changbing Jiang; Lijun Bai; Wenwen Zheng
In this paper, we propose graph theory model to the layout planning of airport logistics park. First, several commonly used facilities layout methods were introduced and a comparative analysis was made out respectively. Secondly, an empirical study of Ningbo airport logistics park was carried out based on graph theory to the layout planning of core facilities for this park. Finally,
A Classical Moment-Based Inference Framework with Bayesian Properties: Econometric Theory and Simulation Evidence from Asset Pricing
Sadeh, Norman M.
A Classical Moment-Based Inference Framework with Bayesian Properties: Econometric Theory identification; Iden- tification; Exponential tilting; Foundations of statistics; Asymptotic theory; Bayesian, that is to say that it converges to a point mass at the population parameter like a Gaussian distribution
Novel ideas and Innovation in Education Connectionism and education -theory meets practice in team-based learning?
Paulsson, Johan
Novel ideas and Innovation in Education Connectionism and education - theory meets practice in team-based learning? The MindPROJECT provides a nice introductory summary of the theory of connectionism in education (not medical education specifically, but education in general). Connectionism is implicitly linked
A Bifactor Multidimensional Item Response Theory Model for Differential Item Functioning Analysis on Testlet-Based Items
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fukuhara, Hirotaka; Kamata, Akihito
A differential item functioning (DIF) detection method for testlet-based data was proposed and evaluated in this study. The proposed DIF model is an extension of a bifactor multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) model for testlets. Unlike traditional item response theory (IRT) DIF models, the proposed model takes testlet effects intoģ
Simulating Single Word Processing in the Classic Aphasia Syndromes Based on the Wernicke-Lichtheim-Geschwind Theory
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Weems, Scott A.; Reggia, James A.
The Wernicke-Lichtheim-Geschwind (WLG) theory of the neurobiological basis of language is of great historical importance, and it continues to exert a substantial influence on most contemporary theories of language in spite of its widely recognized limitations. Here, we suggest that neurobiologically grounded computational models based on the WLGģ
The Conceptual Mechanism for Viable Organizational Learning Based on Complex System Theory and the Viable System Model
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sung, Dia; You, Yeongmahn; Song, Ji Hoon
The purpose of this research is to explore the possibility of viable learning organizations based on identifying viable organizational learning mechanisms. Two theoretical foundations, complex system theory and viable system theory, have been integrated to provide the rationale for building the sustainable organizational learning mechanism. Theģ
Motivational Measure of the Instruction Compared: Instruction Based on the ARCS Motivation Theory vs Traditional Instruction in Blended Courses
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Colakoglu, Ozgur M.; Akdemir, Omur
The ARCS Motivation Theory was proposed to guide instructional designers and teachers who develop their own instruction to integrate motivational design strategies into the instruction. There is a lack of literature supporting the idea that instruction for blended courses if designed based on the ARCS Motivation Theory provides differentģ
An Alienation-Based Framework for Student Experience in Higher Education: New Interpretations of Past Observations in Student Learning Theory
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barnhardt, Bradford; Ginns, Paul
This article orients a recently proposed alienation-based framework for student learning theory (SLT) to the empirical basis of the approaches to learning perspective. The proposed framework makes new macro-level interpretations of an established micro-level theory, across three levels of interpretation: (1) a context-free psychological stateģ
Evaluating Art Studio Courses at Sultan Qaboos University in Light of the Discipline Based Art Education Theory
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Al-Amri, Mohammed
Discipline-Based Art Education (DBAE), a theory developed in the USA, has been influential but also used in Art Education institutions world-wide. One of its stated goals was to develop the quality of teaching art education. Today, it is used as a theory for identifying and assessing good practices in the field of Art Education. The purpose ofģ
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 6, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2007 3287 Analytic, Simulation, and Empirical Evaluation of
Wu, Hongyi
by using Jackson network theory. While the queuing model is based on a few simplification assumptionsIEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 6, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2007 3287 Analytic/fault tolerability. This paper focuses on the performance evaluation of DFT-MSN. We first introduce a queuing model
Volume Averaging Theory (VAT) based modeling and closure evaluation for fin-and-tube heat exchangers
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhou, Feng; Catton, Ivan
A fin-and-tube heat exchanger was modeled based on Volume Averaging Theory (VAT) in such a way that the details of the original structure was replaced by their averaged counterparts, so that the VAT based governing equations can be efficiently solved for a wide range of parameters. To complete the VAT based model, proper closure is needed, which is related to a local friction factor and a heat transfer coefficient of a Representative Elementary Volume (REV). The terms in the closure expressions are complex and sometimes relating experimental data to the closure terms is difficult. In this work we use CFD to evaluate the rigorously derived closure terms over one of the selected REVs. The objective is to show how heat exchangers can be modeled as a porous media and how CFD can be used in place of a detailed, often formidable, experimental effort to obtain closure for the model.
Josephson current in Fe-based superconducting junctions: Theory and experiment
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Burmistrova, A. V.; Devyatov, I. A.; Golubov, Alexander A.; Yada, Keiji; Tanaka, Yukio; Tortello, M.; Gonnelli, R. S.; Stepanov, V. A.; Ding, Xiaxin; Wen, Hai-Hu; Greene, L. H.
We present a theory of the dc Josephson effect in contacts between Fe-based and spin-singlet s -wave superconductors. The method is based on the calculation of temperature Green's function in the junction within the tight-binding model. We calculate the phase dependencies of the Josephson current for different orientations of the junction relative to the crystallographic axes of Fe-based superconductor. Further, we consider the dependence of the Josephson current on the thickness of an insulating layer and on temperature. Experimental data for PbIn/Ba 1 -xKx (FeAs) 2 point-contact Josephson junctions are consistent with theoretical predictions for s▒ symmetry of an order parameter in this material. The proposed method can be further applied to calculations of the dc Josephson current in contacts with other new unconventional multiorbital superconductors, such as Sr2RuO4 and the superconducting topological insulator CuxBi2Se3 .
Removing barriers to rehabilitation: Theory-based family intervention in community settings after brain injury.
Stejskal, Taryn M
Rehabilitation professionals have become increasingly aware that family members play a critical role in the recovery process of individuals after brain injury. In addition, researchers have begun to identify a relationship between family member caregivers' well-being and survivors' outcomes. The idea of a continuum of care or following survivors from inpatient care to community reintegration has become an important model of treatment across many hospital and community-based settings. In concert with the continuum of care, present research literature indicates that family intervention may be a key component to successful rehabilitation after brain injury. Yet, clinicians interacting with family members and survivors often feel confounded about how exactly to intervene with the broader family system beyond the individual survivor. Drawing on the systemic nature of the field of marriage and family therapy (MFT), this article provides information to assist clinicians in effectively intervening with families using theory-based interventions in community settings. First, a rationale for the utilization of systems-based, as opposed to individual-based, therapies will be uncovered. Second, historically relevant publications focusing on family psychotherapy and intervention after brain injury are reviewed and their implications discussed. Recommendations for the utilization of systemic theory-based principles and strategies, specifically cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), narrative therapy (NT), and solution-focused therapy (SFT) will be examined. Descriptions of common challenges families and couples face will be presented along with case examples to illustrate how these theoretical frameworks might be applied to these special concerns postinjury. Finally, the article concludes with an overview of the ideas presented in this manuscript to assist practitioners and systems of care in community-based settings to more effectively intervene with the family system as a whole after brain injury. PMID:22523015
Adaptive and context-aware scenarios for technology-enhanced learning system based on a didactical theory
Paris-Sud XI, Universitķ de
Adaptive and context-aware scenarios for technology- enhanced learning system based on a didactical-aware model of scenario based on a didactical theory and closely related to a domain model, a learner model, a context model. These models are acquired from: i) the know-how and real practices of teachers in a problem-based
Fluid substitution in carbonate rocks based on the Gassmann equation and Eshelby-Walsh theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Feng, Quanxiong; Jiang, Lian; Liu, Mingquan; Wan, Huan; Chen, Li; Xiao, Wei
Fluid substitution in carbonate rocks is more difficult than it is in clastic rocks for two reasons. Firstly, the rock physics modeling uncertainties in carbonate rocks, this is due to the difficulty of accurately acquiring the moduli of carbonate rocks' solid matrix because the experimental data on carbonate rocks have not been as thoroughly studied as silici-clastic sedimentary rocks. Secondly, due to the complex pore systems of carbonate rocks, it is very difficult to model pore geometry of carbonates, and hence hard to assess how the elastic properties change as fluid saturation changes based on the traditional Biot and Gassmann theories. In order to solve these problems, we present a new fluid substitution equation of carbonate rocks using the Gassmann equation and Eshelby-Walsh theory (GEW) in this paper. Then, the specific procedures of how to calculate the moduli of carbonate rocks' solid matrix and how to measure the effect of pore geometry in fluid substitution based on the new fluid substation equation were illustrated by experimental testing about 12 carbonate rock samples in different fluid saturation scenarios and logging data. Finally, we further compared the new fluid substitution method with the conventional Gassmann fluid substitution based on the experimental data. The results verified that the new method is more accurate and reliable in the fluid substitution of complex carbonate rocks.
A Feature Extraction Method Based on Information Theory for Fault Diagnosis of Reciprocating Machinery
Wang, Huaqing; Chen, Peng
This paper proposes a feature extraction method based on information theory for fault diagnosis of reciprocating machinery. A method to obtain symptom parameter waves is defined in the time domain using the vibration signals, and an information wave is presented based on information theory, using the symptom parameter waves. A new way to determine the difference spectrum of envelope information waves is also derived, by which the feature spectrum can be extracted clearly and machine faults can be effectively differentiated. This paper also compares the proposed method with the conventional Hilbert-transform-based envelope detection and with a wavelet analysis technique. Practical examples of diagnosis for a rolling element bearing used in a diesel engine are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The verification results show that the bearing faults that typically occur in rolling element bearings, such as outer-race, inner-race, and roller defects, can be effectively identified by the proposed method, while these bearing faults are difficult to detect using either of the other techniques it was compared to. PMID:22574021
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Michael Kimmel
This lesson includes a theory-evaluation activity. A set of five scenarios (theories for how diverse life came into existence on Earth) is divided evenly throughout the class, so each student is asked to evaluate one theory. Students then come together in groups of five, so that all theories are represented in each group, where they are compared and evaluated. Each group reports to the entire class for further discussion and clarifications.
System for absolute measurement of electrolytic conductivity in aqueous solutions based on van der Pauw's theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhang, Bing; Lin, Zhen; Zhang, Xiao; Yu, Xiang; Wei, Jiali; Wang, Xiaoping
Based on an innovative application of van der Pauw's theory, a system was developed for the absolute measurement of electrolytic conductivity in aqueous solutions. An electrolytic conductivity meter was designed that uses a four-electrode system with an axial-radial two-dimensional adjustment structure coupled to an ac voltage excitation source and signal collecting circuit. The measurement accuracy, resolution and repeatability of the measurement system were examined through a series of experiments. Moreover, the measurement system and a high-precision electrolytic conductivity meter were compared using some actual water samples.
Large diameter step-index multimode fiber speckle reduction device based on time coherence theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Lu, Chunlian; Fu, Hongyuan; Huang, Zhongjun; Sun, Weimin
A fiber speckle reduction device designed and made based on time coherence theory was introduced in this paper according to the decisive influence of mode dispersion existed in signal transmission of large diameter step-index multimode fiber. Through the contrast experinent verification under different exposure time, the device can effectively suppress speckle noise of fiber and improve signal contrast. The device introduced in this paper will have a good application prospect in the fields of laser lighting monitoring system, multimode fiber property test system, laser mapping system, ect.
Unique laminar-flow stability limit based shallow-water theory
Chen, Cheng-lung
Two approaches are generally taken in deriving the stability limit for the Froude member (Fs) for laminar sheet flow. The first approach used the Orr-Sommerfeld equation, while the second uses the cross-section-averaged equations of continuity and motion. Because both approaches are based on shallow-water theory, the values of Fs obtained from both approaches should be identical, yet in the literature they are not. This suggests that a defect exists in at least one of the two approaches. After examining the governing equations used in both approaches, one finds that the existing cross-section -averaged equation of motion is dependent on the frame of reference.
Suppressing Chaos of Warship Power System Based on the Quantum Mechanics Theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Cong, Xinrong; Li, Longsuo
Chaos control of marine power system is investigated by adding the Gaussian white noise to the system. The top Lyapunov exponent is computed to detect whether the classical system chaos or not, also the phase portraits are plotted to further verify the obtained results. The classical control of chaos and its quantum counterpart of the marine power system are investigated. The Hamiltonian of the controlled system is given to analyze the quantum counterpart of the classical system, which is based on the quantum mechanics theory.
Research on the city's water affairs dispatchment system based on rough sets theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Li, Xuwu; Hua, Jixue; Li, Chenghai; Li, Yanlei
According to the main characteristic of the city's water affairs dispatchment, the structure of water affairs dispatchment based on rough sets theory was proposed. After each factors were considered synthetically, knowledge expression system was set up, and the water affairs dispatchment control regulation was reduced and acquired. To some extent, it's a new method of processing the uncertain information in the water affairs dispatchment. The example demonstrates that this method has reduced the dispatchment control, and its regulation acquired is of objectivity, so it can solve preferably the control problem of the city's water affairs dispatchment.
Third-order theory of the Risley-prism-based beam steering system.
Li, Yajun
Nonparaxial ray tracing is performed to investigate the field scanned out by a single beam through two rotatable thick prisms with different parameters, and a general solution is obtained and then expanded into a power series to establish the third-order theory for Risley prisms that paves the way to investigate topics of interest such as optical distortions in the scan pattern and an analytical solution of the inverse problem of a Risley-prism-based laser beam steering system; i.e., the problem is concerned with how to direct a laser beam to any specified direction within the angular range of the system. PMID:21343989
Risk Evaluation of Bogie System Based on Extension Theory and Entropy Weight Method
Du, Yanping; Zhang, Yuan; Zhao, Xiaogang; Wang, Xiaohui
A bogie system is the key equipment of railway vehicles. Rigorous practical evaluation of bogies is still a challenge. Presently, there is overreliance on part-specific experiments in practice. In the present work, a risk evaluation index system of a bogie system has been established based on the inspection data and experts' evaluation. Then, considering quantitative and qualitative aspects, the risk state of a bogie system has been evaluated using an extension theory and an entropy weight method. Finally, the method has been used to assess the bogie system of four different samples. Results show that this method can assess the risk state of a bogie system exactly. PMID:25574159
Building a multiple modality, theory-based physical activity intervention: The development of CardiACTION!
Estabrooks, Paul A.; Glasgow, Russ E.; Xu, Stan; Dzewaltowski, David A.; Lee, Rebecca E.; Thomas, Deborah; Almeida, Fabio A.; Thayer, Amy N.; Smith-Ray, Renae L.
Objectives Despite the widely acknowledged benefits of regular physical activity (PA), specific goals for increased population levels of PA, and strongly recommended strategies to promote PA, there is no evidence suggesting that the prevalence of PA is improving. If PA intervention research is to be improved, theory should be used as the basis for intervention development, participant context or environment should be considered in the process, and intervention characteristics that will heighten the likelihood of translation into practice should be implemented (e.g., ease of implementation, low human resource costs). The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of the aforementioned concepts within the intervention development process associated with CardiACTION an ongoing randomized 2 ū 2 factorial trial. Methods The Ecological Model of Physical Activity integrated with Protection Motivation Theory was used to inform the design of the interventions. This integrated model was selected to allow for the development of theory-based individual, environmental, and individually + environmentally targeted physical activity interventions. All intervention strategies were matched to proposed mediators of behavior change. Strategies were then matched to the most appropriate interactive technology (i.e., interactive computer session, automated telephone counseling, and tailored mailings) delivery channel. Conclusions The potential implications of this study include determining the independent and combined influence of individual and environment mechanisms of behavior change on intervention effectiveness. In addition, all intervention models are developed to be scalable and disseminable to a broad audience at a low cost. PMID:22473308
Exploring Three-dimensional Higher-Spin Supergravity based on sl(N |N - 1) Chern-Simons theories
H. S. Tan
We investigate various aspects of higher-spin anti-de Sitter supergravity in three dimensions as described by Chern-Simons theory based on the finite-dimensional superalgebra sl(N |N - 1), with the particular case of N = 3 as our prime example. This class of theories serves as a natural supersymmetrization of the higher-spin gravity theory based on sl(N) Chern-Simons theories. We demonstrate explicitly that the asymptotic symmetry algebra contains the N = 2 superconformal algebra in each sector. The appropriate Killing spinor equations are derived and used to classify existing and new classical solutions. We also discuss holonomy conditions, higher-spin black holes and conical defect spacetimes in this class of theories.
An Implicational View of Self-Healing and Personality Change Based on Gendlin's Theory of Experiencing.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bohart, Arthur C.
There is relatively little theory on how psychotherapy clients self-heal since most theories of therapy stress the magic of the therapist's interventions. Of the theories that exist, this paper briefly discusses Carl Rogers' theory of self-actualization; and the dialectical theories of Greenberg and his colleagues, Jenkins, and Rychlak. Gendlin'sģ
A novel fair queuing algorithm for hybrid wired/wireless architecture with wireless compensation to provide end-to-end quality of service support
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Sana, Ajaz; Ye, Xin; Hussain, Shahab; Ali, Mohammed A.; Ahmed, Samir
We proposed novel hybrid FSO/RF architecture1 to provide broadband wireless access to end users. To provide quality of service (QoS) bounds for different types of traffic(voice, video and data) we proposed some fair queuing algorithms 2,3 ,but because of the hybrid wired and wireless links there can be certain times allocated to a host when that host is unable to transmit data because of wireless link errors. These wireless link errors are location dependent and bursty. The channel errors can occur from multi-path fading, shadow fading or interference from another device. In this paper we proposed a novel fair queuing algorithm to provide end to end QoS bounds to the end users for the proposed architecture .The algorithm provide QoS bounds for Ethernet traffic in the wired domain as well as in wireless domain with compensation for wireless link errors. Scheduler maps priorities and weights for QoS of the Ethernet traffic into wireless MAC. By supporting existing Ethernet traffic QoS parameters 4-7, scheduler avoids the need to redefine QoS parameters for wireless channel. By simulations and analysis we proved that the algorithm guarantees (1) delay and throughput for error-free flows, (2) short term fairness among error-free flows, (3) long term fairness among errored and error-free flows,(4) graceful degradation for leading flows and graceful compensation for lagging flows. Each connection QoS is guaranteed by calculating bounds on delay and reserving the Bandwidth (BW).
The Advancement of Family Therapy Theory Based on the Science of Self-Organizing Complex Systems.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ramsey-Kemper, Valerie Ann
Problem. The purpose of this study was to review the literature which presents the latest advancements in the field of family therapy theory. Since such advancement has relied on the scientific developments in the study of autopoietic self-organizing complex systems, then the review began with an historical overview of the development of these natural scientific concepts. The study then examined how the latest scientific concepts have been integrated with family therapy practice. The document is built on the theory that individuals are living, complex, self-organizing, autopoietic systems. When individual systems interact with other individual systems (such as in family interaction, or in interaction between therapist and client), then a third system emerges, which is the relationship. It is through interaction in the relationship that transformation of an individual system can occur. Method. The historical antecedents of the field of family therapy were outlined. It was demonstrated, via literature review, that the field of family therapy has traditionally paralleled developments in the hard sciences. Further, it was demonstrated via literature review that the newest understandings of the development of individuals, family systems, and therapeutic systems also parallel recent natural science developments, namely those developments based on the science of self-organizing complex systems. Outcome. The results of the study are twofold. First, the study articulates an expanded theory of the therapist, individual, and family as autopoietic self-organizing complex systems. Second, the study provides an expanded hypothesis which concerns recommendations for future research which will further advance the latest theories of family therapy. More precisely, the expanded hypothesis suggests that qualitative research, rather than quantitative research, is the method of choice for studying the effectiveness of phenomenological therapy.
Predictive models based on sensitivity theory and their application to practical shielding problems
Bhuiyan, S.I.; Roussin, R.W.; Lucius, J.L.; Bartine, D.E.
Two new calculational models based on the use of cross-section sensitivity coefficients have been devised for calculating radiation transport in relatively simple shields. The two models, one an exponential model and the other a power model, have been applied, together with the traditional linear model, to 1- and 2-m-thick concrete-slab problems in which the water content, reinforcing-steel content, or composition of the concrete was varied. Comparing the results obtained with the three models with those obtained from exact one-dimensional discrete-ordinates transport calculations indicates that the exponential model, named the BEST model (for basic exponential shielding trend), is a particularly promising predictive tool for shielding problems dominated by exponential attenuation. When applied to a deep-penetration sodium problem, the BEST model also yields better results than do calculations based on second-order sensitivity theory.
Study on the salary system for IT enterprise based on double factor motivation theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhuang, Chen; Qian, Wu
To improve the fact that the IT enterprise's salary & compensation system can not motivate a company's staff efficiently, the salary system based on Hertzberg's double factor motivation theory and the enterprise characteristics is presented. The salary system includes a salary model, an assessment model and a performance model. The system is connected with a cash incentive based on the staff's performance and emphasizes that the salary alone is not a motivating factor. Health care, for example, may also play a positive role on the motivation factor. According to this system, a scientific and reasonable salary & compensation management system was established and applied in an IT enterprise. It was found to promote the enterprise's overall performance and competitive power.
Multi-source remote sensing image fusion classification based on DS evidence theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Liu, Chunping; Ma, Xiaohu; Cui, Zhiming
A new adaptive remote sensing image fusion classification based on the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence is presented. This method uses a limited number of prototypes as items of evidence, which is automatically generated by modified Fuzzy Kohonen Clustering Network (FKCN). The class fuzzy membership of each prototype is also determined using reference pattern set. For each input vector a basic probability assignment (BPA) function are computed based on these distances and on the degree of membership of prototypes to each class. And lastly this evidence is combined using Dempster's rule. This proposed method can be implemented in a modified FKCN with specific architecture consisting of one input layer, a prototype layer, a BPA layer, a combination and output layer, and decision layer. The experimental results show that the excellent performance of classification as compared to existing FKCN and basic DS fusion techniques.
New model for the correlation of the surface tension based on friction theory.
Qui±ones-Cisneros, S E; Deiters, U K; Rozas, R E; Kraska, T
A new correlation method for the surface tension of fluids is proposed, which is based on friction theory applied to the interface of a two-phase system. The substance properties enter the model by a regular equation of state. Here we derive the method and test it with the Lennard-Jones 12-6 fluid as the reference system using molecular dynamics simulations of the vapor-liquid interface in combination with a new Lennard-Jones 12-6 equation of state. Further correlations of experimental surface tension data based on the Peng-Robinson and the PC-SAFT equations of state are presented. As a result, we find that the method allows an accurate correlation of the surface tension of pure fluids. PMID:19236013
Can functionalized cucurbituril bind actinyl cations efficiently? A density functional theory based investigation.
Sundararajan, Mahesh; Sinha, Vivek; Bandyopadhyay, Tusar; Ghosh, Swapan K
The feasibility of using cucurbituril host molecule as a probable actinyl cation binders candidate is investigated through density functional theory based calculations. Various possible binding sites of the cucurbit[5]uril host molecule to uranyl are analyzed and based on the binding energy evaluations, ?(5)-binding is predicted to be favored. For this coordination, the structure, vibrational spectra, and binding energies are evaluated for the binding of three actinyls in hexa-valent and penta-valent oxidation states with functionalized cucurbiturils. Functionalizing cucurbituril with methyl and cyclohexyl groups increases the binding affinities of actinyls, whereas fluorination decreases the binding affinities as compared to the native host molecule. Surprisingly hydroxylation of the host molecule does not distinguish the oxidation state of the three actinyls. PMID:22471316
Gas-Kinetic Theory Based Flux Splitting Method for Ideal Magnetohydrodynamics
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Xu, Kun
A gas-kinetic solver is developed for the ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations. The new scheme is based on the direct splitting of the flux function of the MHD equations with the inclusion of "particle" collisions in the transport process. Consequently, the artificial dissipation in the new scheme is much reduced in comparison with the MHD Flux Vector Splitting Scheme. At the same time, the new scheme is compared with the well-developed Roe-type MHD solver. It is concluded that the kinetic MHD scheme is more robust and efficient than the Roe- type method, and the accuracy is competitive. In this paper the general principle of splitting the macroscopic flux function based on the gas-kinetic theory is presented. The flux construction strategy may shed some light on the possible modification of AUSM- and CUSP-type schemes for the compressible Euler equations, as well as to the development of new schemes for a non-strictly hyperbolic system.
Cholesky-decomposed densities in Laplace-based second-order M°ller-Plesset perturbation theory.
Zienau, Jan; Clin, Lucien; Doser, Bernd; Ochsenfeld, Christian
Based on our linear-scaling atomic orbital second-order M°ller-Plesset perturbation theory (AO-MP2) method [J. Chem. Phys. 130, 064107 (2009)], we explore the use of Cholesky-decomposed pseudodensity (CDD) matrices within the Laplace formulation. Numerically significant contributions are preselected using our multipole-based integral estimates as upper bounds to two-electron integrals so that the 1/R(6) decay behavior of transformed Coulomb-type products is exploited. In addition, we combine our new CDD-MP2 method with the resolution of the identity (RI) approach. Even though the use of RI results in a method that shows a quadratic scaling behavior in the dominant steps, gains of up to one or two orders of magnitude vs. our original AO-MP2 method are observed in particular for larger basis sets. PMID:19485442
Geometrically nonlinear isogeometric analysis of laminated composite plates based on higher-order shear deformation theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Tran, Loc V.; Lee, Jaehong; Nguyen-Van, H.; Nguyen-Xuan, H.; Wahab, M. Abdel
In this paper, we present an effectively numerical approach based on isogeometric analysis (IGA) and higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT) for geometrically nonlinear analysis of laminated composite plates. The HSDT allows us to approximate displacement field that ensures by itself the realistic shear strain energy part without shear correction factors. IGA utilizing basis functions namely B-splines or non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) enables to satisfy easily the stringent continuity requirement of the HSDT model without any additional variables. The nonlinearity of the plates is formed in the total Lagrange approach based on the von-Karman strain assumptions. Numerous numerical validations for the isotropic, orthotropic, cross-ply and angle-ply laminated plates are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Evaluation of Transverse Thermal Stresses in Composite Plates Based on First-Order Shear Deformation Theory
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Rolfes, R.; Noor, A. K.; Sparr, H.
A postprocessing procedure is presented for the evaluation of the transverse thermal stresses in laminated plates. The analytical formulation is based on the first-order shear deformation theory and the plate is discretized by using a single-field displacement finite element model. The procedure is based on neglecting the derivatives of the in-plane forces and the twisting moments, as well as the mixed derivatives of the bending moments, with respect to the in-plane coordinates. The calculated transverse shear stiffnesses reflect the actual stacking sequence of the composite plate. The distributions of the transverse stresses through-the-thickness are evaluated by using only the transverse shear forces and the thermal effects resulting from the finite element analysis. The procedure is implemented into a postprocessing routine which can be easily incorporated into existing commercial finite element codes. Numerical results are presented for four- and ten-layer cross-ply laminates subjected to mechanical and thermal loads.
Re-Examining of MoffittÆs Theory of Delinquency through Agent Based Modeling
Leaw, Jia Ning; Ang, Rebecca P.; Huan, Vivien S.; Chan, Wei Teng; Cheong, Siew Ann
MoffittÆs theory of delinquency suggests that at-risk youths can be divided into two groups, the adolescence- limited group and the life-course-persistent group, predetermined at a young age, and social interactions between these two groups become important during the adolescent years. We built an agent-based model based on the microscopic interactions Moffitt described: (i) a maturity gap that dictates (ii) the cost and reward of antisocial behavior, and (iii) agents imitating the antisocial behaviors of others more successful than themselves, to find indeed the two groups emerging in our simulations. Moreover, through an intervention simulation where we moved selected agents from one social network to another, we also found that the social network plays an important role in shaping the life course outcome. PMID:26062022
Looking to the future of new media in health marketing: deriving propositions based on traditional theories.
Della, Lindsay J; Eroglu, Dogan; Bernhardt, Jay M; Edgerton, Erin; Nall, Janice
Market trend data show that the media marketplace continues to rapidly evolve. Recent research shows that substantial portions of the U.S. media population are "new media" users. Today, more than ever before, media consumers are exposed to multiple media at the same point in time, encouraged to participate in media content generation, and challenged to learn, access, and use the new media that are continually entering the market. These media trends have strong implications for how consumers of health information access, process, and retain health-related knowledge. In this article we review traditional information processing models and theories of interpersonal and mass media access and consumption. We make several theory-based propositions for how traditional information processing and media consumption concepts will function as new media usage continues to increase. These propositions are supported by new media usage data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's entry into the new media market (e.g., podcasting, virtual events, blogging, and webinars). Based on these propositions, we conclude by presenting both opportunities and challenges that public health communicators and marketers will face in the future. PMID:18935883
Coding theory based models for protein translation initiation in prokaryotic organisms.
May, Elebeoba Eni; Bitzer, Donald L. (North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC); Rosnick, David I. (North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC); Vouk, Mladen A. (North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC)
Our research explores the feasibility of using communication theory, error control (EC) coding theory specifically, for quantitatively modeling the protein translation initiation mechanism. The messenger RNA (mRNA) of Escherichia coli K-12 is modeled as a noisy (errored), encoded signal and the ribosome as a minimum Hamming distance decoder, where the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) serves as a template for generating a set of valid codewords (the codebook). We tested the E. coli based coding models on 5' untranslated leader sequences of prokaryotic organisms of varying taxonomical relation to E. coli including: Salmonella typhimurium LT2, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus Mu50. The model identified regions on the 5' untranslated leader where the minimum Hamming distance values of translated mRNA sub-sequences and non-translated genomic sequences differ the most. These regions correspond to the Shine-Dalgarno domain and the non-random domain. Applying the EC coding-based models to B. subtilis, and S. aureus Mu50 yielded results similar to those for E. coli K-12. Contrary to our expectations, the behavior of S. typhimurium LT2, the more taxonomically related to E. coli, resembled that of the non-translated sequence group.
Risk Assessment and Hierarchical Risk Management of Enterprises in Chemical Industrial Parks Based on Catastrophe Theory
Chen, Yu; Song, Guobao; Yang, Fenglin; Zhang, Shushen; Zhang, Yun; Liu, Zhenyu
According to risk systems theory and the characteristics of the chemical industry, an index system was established for risk assessment of enterprises in chemical industrial parks (CIPs) based on the inherent risk of the source, effectiveness of the prevention and control mechanism, and vulnerability of the receptor. A comprehensive risk assessment method based on catastrophe theory was then proposed and used to analyze the risk levels of ten major chemical enterprises in the Songmu Island CIP, China. According to the principle of equal distribution function, the chemical enterprise risk level was divided into the following five levels: 1.0 (very safe), 0.8 (safe), 0.6 (generally recognized as safe, GRAS), 0.4 (unsafe), 0.2 (very unsafe). The results revealed five enterprises (50%) with an unsafe risk level, and another five enterprises (50%) at the generally recognized as safe risk level. This method solves the multi-objective evaluation and decision-making problem. Additionally, this method involves simple calculations and provides an effective technique for risk assessment and hierarchical risk management of enterprises in CIPs. PMID:23208298
Dissemination of a theory-based online bone health program: Two intervention approaches.
Nahm, Eun-Shim; Resnick, Barbara; Bellantoni, Michele; Zhu, Shijun; Brown, Clayton; Brennan, Patricia F; Charters, Kathleen; Brown, Jeanine; Rietschel, Matthew; Pinna, Joanne; An, Minjeong; Park, Bu Kyung; Plummer, Lisa
With the increasing nationwide emphasis on eHealth, there has been a rapid growth in the use of the Internet to deliver health promotion interventions. Although there has been a great deal of research in this field, little information is available regarding the methodologies to develop and implement effective online interventions. This article describes two social cognitive theory-based online health behavior interventions used in a large-scale dissemination study (N = 866), their implementation processes, and the lessons learned during the implementation processes. The two interventions were a short-term (8-week) intensive online Bone Power program and a longer term (12-month) Bone Power Plus program, including the Bone Power program followed by a 10-month online booster intervention (biweekly eHealth newsletters). This study used a small-group approach (32 intervention groups), and to effectively manage those groups, an eLearning management program was used as an upper layer of the Web intervention. Both interventions were implemented successfully with high retention rates (80.7% at 18 months). The theory-based approaches and the online infrastructure used in this study showed a promising potential as an effective platform for online behavior studies. Further replication studies with different samples and settings are needed to validate the utility of this intervention structure. PMID:26021668
Coding theory based models for protein translation initiation in prokaryotic organisms.
May, Elebeoba E; Vouk, Mladen A; Bitzer, Donald L; Rosnick, David I
Our research explores the feasibility of using communication theory, error control (EC) coding theory specifically, for quantitatively modeling the protein translation initiation mechanism. The messenger RNA (mRNA) of Escherichia coli K-12 is modeled as a noisy (errored), encoded signal and the ribosome as a minimum Hamming distance decoder, where the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) serves as a template for generating a set of valid codewords (the codebook). We tested the E. coli based coding models on 5' untranslated leader sequences of prokaryotic organisms of varying taxonomical relation to E. coli including: Salmonella typhimurium LT2, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus Mu50. The model identified regions on the 5' untranslated leader where the minimum Hamming distance values of translated mRNA sub-sequences and non-translated genomic sequences differ the most. These regions correspond to the Shine-Dalgarno domain and the non-random domain. Applying the EC coding-based models to B. subtilis, and S. aureus Mu50 yielded results similar to those for E. coli K-12. Contrary to our expectations, the behavior of S. typhimurium LT2, the more taxonomically related to E. coli, resembled that of the non-translated sequence group. PMID:15351148
Why is group-based pay perceived as meaningful, meaningless or negative? Exploring the meanings of pay suggested by reflection theory
Anu Hakonen; Johanna Maaniemi; Jari Juhani Hakanen
This study explored the propositions of the reflection theory of pay [Thierry (2001), Work Motivation in the Context of a Globalizing Economy, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 149¢166]. The theory is grounded in theories of individual motivation. However, in a group-based pay context more socially oriented motivational factors may also play a role. In addition, the theory does not
Theory of chemical kinetics and charge transfer based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics.
Bazant, Martin Z
Advances in the fields of catalysis and electrochemical energy conversion often involve nanoparticles, which can have kinetics surprisingly different from the bulk material. Classical theories of chemical kinetics assume independent reactions in dilute solutions, whose rates are determined by mean concentrations. In condensed matter, strong interactions alter chemical activities and create variations that can dramatically affect the reaction rate. The extreme case is that of a reaction coupled to a phase transformation, whose kinetics must depend not only on the order parameter but also on its gradients at phase boundaries. Reaction-driven phase transformations are common in electrochemistry, when charge transfer is accompanied by ion intercalation or deposition in a solid phase. Examples abound in Li-ion, metal-air, and lead-acid batteries, as well as metal electrodeposition-dissolution. Despite complex thermodynamics, however, the standard kinetic model is the Butler-Volmer equation, based on a dilute solution approximation. The Marcus theory of charge transfer likewise considers isolated reactants and neglects elastic stress, configurational entropy, and other nonidealities in condensed phases. The limitations of existing theories recently became apparent for the Li-ion battery material LixFePO4 (LFP). It has a strong tendency to separate into Li-rich and Li-poor solid phases, which scientists believe limits its performance. Chemists first modeled phase separation in LFP as an isotropic "shrinking core" within each particle, but experiments later revealed striped phase boundaries on the active crystal facet. This raised the question: What is the reaction rate at a surface undergoing a phase transformation? Meanwhile, dramatic rate enhancement was attained with LFP nanoparticles, and classical battery models could not predict the roles of phase separation and surface modification. In this Account, I present a general theory of chemical kinetics, developed over the past 7 years, which is capable of answering these questions. The reaction rate is a nonlinear function of the thermodynamic driving force, the free energy of reaction, expressed in terms of variational chemical potentials. The theory unifies and extends the Cahn-Hilliard and Allen-Cahn equations through a master equation for nonequilibrium chemical thermodynamics. For electrochemistry, I have also generalized both Marcus and Butler-Volmer kinetics for concentrated solutions and ionic solids. This new theory provides a quantitative description of LFP phase behavior. Concentration gradients and elastic coherency strain enhance the intercalation rate. At low currents, the charge-transfer rate is focused on exposed phase boundaries, which propagate as "intercalation waves", nucleated by surface wetting. Unexpectedly, homogeneous reactions are favored above a critical current and below a critical size, which helps to explain the rate capability of LFP nanoparticles. Contrary to other mechanisms, elevated temperatures and currents may enhance battery performance and lifetime by suppressing phase separation. The theory has also been extended to porous electrodes and could be used for battery engineering with multiphase active materials. More broadly, the theory describes nonequilibrium chemical systems at mesoscopic length and time scales, beyond the reach of molecular simulations and bulk continuum models. The reaction rate is consistently defined for inhomogeneous, nonequilibrium states, for example, with phase separation, large electric fields, or mechanical stresses. This research is also potentially applicable to fluid extraction from nanoporous solids, pattern formation in electrophoretic deposition, and electrochemical dynamics in biological cells. PMID:23520980
Securing Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using Danger Theory-Based Artificial Immune Algorithm
A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a set of mobile, decentralized, and self-organizing nodes that are used in special cases, such as in the military. MANET properties render the environment of this network vulnerable to different types of attacks, including black hole, wormhole and flooding-based attacks. Flooding-based attacks are one of the most dangerous attacks that aim to consume all network resources and thus paralyze the functionality of the whole network. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to investigate the capability of a danger theory-based artificial immune algorithm called the mobile dendritic cell algorithm (MDCA) to detect flooding-based attacks in MANETs. The MDCA applies the dendritic cell algorithm (DCA) to secure the MANET with additional improvements. The MDCA is tested and validated using Qualnet v7.1 simulation tool. This work also introduces a new simulation module for a flooding attack called the resource consumption attack (RCA) using Qualnet v7.1. The results highlight the high efficiency of the MDCA in detecting RCAs in MANETs. PMID:25946001
Contextualization and standardization of the supportive leadership behavior questionnaire based on socio- cognitive theory in Iran
Shirazi, Mandana; Emami, Amir Hosein; Mirmoosavi, ,Seyed Jamal; Alavinia, Seyed Mohammad; Zamanian, Hadi; Fathollahbeigi, Faezeh; Masiello, Italo
Background: Effective leadership is of prime importance in any organization and it goes through changes based on accepted health promotion and behavior change theory. Although there are many leadership styles, transformational leadership, which emphasizes supportive leadership behaviors, seems to be an appropriate style in many settings particularly in the health care and educational sectors which are pressured by high turnover and safety demands. Iran has been moving rapidly forward and its authorities have understood and recognized the importance of matching leadership styles with effective and competent care for success in health care organizations. This study aimed to develop the Supportive Leadership Behaviors Scale based on accepted health and educational theories and to psychometrically test it in the Iranian context. Methods: The instrument was based on items from established questionnaires. A pilot study validated the instrument which was also cross-validated via re-translation. After validation, 731 participants answered the questionnaire. Results: The instrument was finalized and resulted in a 20-item questionnaire using the exploratory factor analysis, which yielded four factors of support for development, integrity, sincerity and recognition and explaining the supportive leadership behaviors (all above 0.6). Mapping these four measures of leadership behaviors can be beneficial to determine whether effective leadership could support innovation and improvements in medical education and health care organizations on the national level. The reliability measured as CronbachÆs alpha was 0.84. Conclusion: This new instrument yielded four factors of support for development, integrity, sincerity and recognition and explaining the supportive leadership behaviors which are applicable in health and educational settings and are helpful in improving self ¢efficacy among health and academic staff. PMID:25679004
A Theory-Based Approach to Teaching Young Children about Health: A Recipe for Understanding
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nguyen, Simone P.; McCullough, Mary Beth; Noble, Ashley
The theory-theory account of conceptual development posits that children's concepts are integrated into theories. Concept-learning studies have documented the central role that theories play in children's learning of experimenter-defined categories but have yet to extensively examine complex, real-world concepts, such as health. The present studyģ
Fuzziness, ambiguity and imprecision are integral to human production of decisions and knowledge. Fuzziness cannot be separated from knowledge and studied independently of knowledge. A viable theory of linguistic fuzziness should be properly embedded in its own requisite theory of knowledge.Without a proper theory of knowledge production or construction, no phenomena of fuzziness can be explained and no theory of
Consensus-Based Course Design and Implementation of Constructive Alignment Theory in a Power System Analysis Course
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Vanfretti, Luigi; Farrokhabadi, Mostafa
This article presents the implementation of the constructive alignment theory (CAT) in a power system analysis course through a consensus-based course design process. The consensus-based design process involves both the instructor and graduate-level students and it aims to develop the CAT framework in a holistic manner with the goal of includingģ
Using the Dynamic Model to develop an evidence-based and theory-driven approach to school improvement
B. P. M. Creemers; Leonidas Kyriakides
This paper refers to a dynamic perspective of educational effectiveness and improvement stressing the importance of using an evidence-based and theory-driven approach. Specifically, an approach to school improvement based on the dynamic model of educational effectiveness is offered. The recommended approach to school improvement gives emphasis to quality of teaching and to conditions created at different levels for improving the
An Organizational Model to Distinguish between and Integrate Research and Evaluation Activities in a Theory Based Evaluation
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sample McMeeking, Laura B.; Basile, Carole; Cobb, R. Brian
Theory-based evaluation (TBE) is an evaluation method that shows how a program will work under certain conditions and has been supported as a viable, evidence-based option in cases where randomized trials or high-quality quasi-experiments are not feasible. Despite the model's widely accepted theoretical appeal there are few examples of itsģ
Developing the therapeutic potential of embodied cognition and metaphors in nature-based therapy: lessons from theory to practice
Sus S. Corazon; Theresa S. S. Schilhab; Ulrika K. Stigsdotter
This paper theoretically examines the interplay between cognition and bodily involvement in relation to nature-based therapy and proposes implications for practice. With support from theory within embodied cognition and neuroscientific studies, it is argued that explicit learning is actively supported by bodily involvement with the environment. This argument is placed in the context of ænature-based therapyÆ, which can be perceived
The ?3 model of acids and bases: extending the Lewis theory to intermetallics.
Stacey, Timothy E; Fredrickson, Daniel C
A central challenge in the design of new metallic materials is the elucidation of the chemical factors underlying the structures of intermetallic compounds. Analogies to molecular bonding phenomena, such as the Zintl concept, have proven very productive in approaching this goal. In this Article, we extend a foundational concept of molecular chemistry to intermetallics: the Lewis theory of acids and bases. The connection is developed through the method of moments, as applied to DFT-calibrated H³ckel calculations. We begin by illustrating that the third and fourth moments (?(3) and ?(4)) of the electronic density of states (DOS) distribution tune the properties of a pseudogap. ?(3) controls the balance of states above and below the DOS minimum, with ?(4) then determining the minimum's depth. In this way, ?(3) predicts an ideal occupancy for the DOS distribution. The ?(3)-ideal electron count is used to forge a link between the reactivity of transition metals toward intermetallic phase formation, and that of Lewis acids and bases toward adduct formation. This is accomplished through a moments-based definition of acidity which classifies systems that are electron-poor relative to the ?(3)-ideal as ?(3)-acidic, and those that are electron-rich as ?(3)-basic. The reaction of ?(3) acids and bases, whether in the formation of a Lewis acid/base adduct or an intermetallic phase, tends to neutralize the ?(3) acidity or basicity of the reactants. This ?(3)-neutralization is traced to the influence of electronegativity differences at heteroatomic contacts on the projected DOS curves of the atoms involved. The role of ?(3)-acid/base interactions in intermetallic phases is demonstrated through the examination of 23 binary phases forming between 3d metals, the stability range of the CsCl type, and structural trends within the Ti-Ni system. PMID:22420716
A neurosemantic theory of concrete noun representation based on the underlying brain codes.
Just, Marcel Adam; Cherkassky, Vladimir L; Aryal, Sandesh; Mitchell, Tom M
This article describes the discovery of a set of biologically-driven semantic dimensions underlying the neural representation of concrete nouns, and then demonstrates how a resulting theory of noun representation can be used to identify simple thoughts through their fMRI patterns. We use factor analysis of fMRI brain imaging data to reveal the biological representation of individual concrete nouns like apple, in the absence of any pictorial stimuli. From this analysis emerge three main semantic factors underpinning the neural representation of nouns naming physical objects, which we label manipulation, shelter, and eating. Each factor is neurally represented in 3-4 different brain locations that correspond to a cortical network that co-activates in non-linguistic tasks, such as tool use pantomime for the manipulation factor. Several converging methods, such as the use of behavioral ratings of word meaning and text corpus characteristics, provide independent evidence of the centrality of these factors to the representations. The factors are then used with machine learning classifier techniques to show that the fMRI-measured brain representation of an individual concrete noun like apple can be identified with good accuracy from among 60 candidate words, using only the fMRI activity in the 16 locations associated with these factors. To further demonstrate the generativity of the proposed account, a theory-based model is developed to predict the brain activation patterns for words to which the algorithm has not been previously exposed. The methods, findings, and theory constitute a new approach of using brain activity for understanding how object concepts are represented in the mind. PMID:20084104
A Neurosemantic Theory of Concrete Noun Representation Based on the Underlying Brain Codes
Just, Marcel Adam; Cherkassky, Vladimir L.; Aryal, Sandesh; Mitchell, Tom M.
This article describes the discovery of a set of biologically-driven semantic dimensions underlying the neural representation of concrete nouns, and then demonstrates how a resulting theory of noun representation can be used to identify simple thoughts through their fMRI patterns. We use factor analysis of fMRI brain imaging data to reveal the biological representation of individual concrete nouns like apple, in the absence of any pictorial stimuli. From this analysis emerge three main semantic factors underpinning the neural representation of nouns naming physical objects, which we label manipulation, shelter, and eating. Each factor is neurally represented in 3¢4 different brain locations that correspond to a cortical network that co-activates in non-linguistic tasks, such as tool use pantomime for the manipulation factor. Several converging methods, such as the use of behavioral ratings of word meaning and text corpus characteristics, provide independent evidence of the centrality of these factors to the representations. The factors are then used with machine learning classifier techniques to show that the fMRI-measured brain representation of an individual concrete noun like apple can be identified with good accuracy from among 60 candidate words, using only the fMRI activity in the 16 locations associated with these factors. To further demonstrate the generativity of the proposed account, a theory-based model is developed to predict the brain activation patterns for words to which the algorithm has not been previously exposed. The methods, findings, and theory constitute a new approach of using brain activity for understanding how object concepts are represented in the mind. PMID:20084104
Optical surface measurement using phase retrieval hybrid algorithm based on diffraction angular spectrum theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Feng, Liang; Zeng, Zhi-ge; Wu, Yong-qian
In order to test the high dynamic range error beyond one wavelength after the rough polish process, we design a phase retrieval hybrid algorithm based on diffraction angular spectrum theory. Phase retrieval is a wave front sensing method that uses the intensity distribution to reconstruct the phase distribution of optical field. Phase retrieval is established on the model of diffractive propagation and approach the real intensity distribution gradually. In this paper, we introduce the basic principle and challenges of optical surface measurement using phase retrieval, then discuss the major parts of phase retrieval: diffractive propagation and hybrid algorithm. The angular spectrum theory describes the diffractive propagation in the frequency domain instead of spatial domain, which simplifies the computation greatly. Through the theoretical analysis, the angular spectrum in discrete form is more effective when the high frequency part values less and the diffractive distance isn't far. The phase retrieval hybrid algorithm derives from modified GS algorithm and conjugate gradient method, aiming to solve the problem of phase wrapping caused by the high dynamic range error. In the algorithm, phase distribution is described by Zernike polynomials and the coefficients of Zernike polynomials are optimized by the hybrid algorithm. Simulation results show that the retrieved phase distribution and real phase distribution are quite contiguous for the high dynamic range error beyond ?.
General Formalism of Decision Making Based on Theory of Open Quantum Systems
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Asano, M.; Ohya, M.; Basieva, I.; Khrennikov, A.
We present the general formalism of decision making which is based on the theory of open quantum systems. A person (decision maker), say Alice, is considered as a quantum-like system, i.e., a system which information processing follows the laws of quantum information theory. To make decision, Alice interacts with a huge mental bath. Depending on context of decision making this bath can include her social environment, mass media (TV, newspapers, INTERNET), and memory. Dynamics of an ensemble of such Alices is described by Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (GKSL) equation. We speculate that in the processes of evolution biosystems (especially human beings) designed such "mental Hamiltonians" and GKSL-operators that any solution of the corresponding GKSL-equation stabilizes to a diagonal density operator (In the basis of decision making.) This limiting density operator describes population in which all superpositions of possible decisions has already been resolved. In principle, this approach can be used for the prediction of the distribution of possible decisions in human populations.
New Approach to Optimize the Apfs Placement Based on Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory by Genetic Algorithm
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Hashemi-Dezaki, Hamed; Mohammadalizadeh-Shabestary, Masoud; Askarian-Abyaneh, Hossein; Rezaei-Jegarluei, Mohammad
In electrical distribution systems, a great amount of power are wasting across the lines, also nowadays power factors, voltage profiles and total harmonic distortions (THDs) of most loads are not as would be desired. So these important parameters of a system play highly important role in wasting money and energy, and besides both consumers and sources are suffering from a high rate of distortions and even instabilities. Active power filters (APFs) are innovative ideas for solving of this adversity which have recently used instantaneous reactive power theory. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to optimize the allocation of APFs. The introduced method is based on the instantaneous reactive power theory in vectorial representation. By use of this representation, it is possible to asses different compensation strategies. Also, APFs proper placement in the system plays a crucial role in either reducing the losses costs and power quality improvement. To optimize the APFs placement, a new objective function has been defined on the basis of five terms: total losses, power factor, voltage profile, THD and cost. Genetic algorithm has been used to solve the optimization problem. The results of applying this method to a distribution network illustrate the method advantages.
The use of theory based semistructured elicitation questionnaires: formative research for CDC's Prevention Marketing Initiative.
Middlestadt, S E; Bhattacharyya, K; Rosenbaum, J; Fishbein, M; Shepherd, M
Through one of its many HIV prevention programs, the Prevention Marketing Initiative, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention promotes a multifaceted strategy for preventing the sexual transmission of HIV/AIDS among people less than 25 years of age. The Prevention Marketing Initiative is an application of marketing and consumer-oriented technologies that rely heavily on behavioral research and behavior change theories to bring the behavioral and social sciences to bear on practical program planning decisions. One objective of the Prevention Marketing Initiative is to encourage consistent and correct condom use among sexually active young adults. Qualitative formative research is being conducted in several segments of the population of heterosexually active, unmarried young adults between 18 and 25 using a semistructured elicitation procedure to identify and understand underlying behavioral determinants of consistent condom use. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the use of this type of qualitative research methodology in designing effective theory-based behavior change interventions. Issues of research design and data collection and analysis are discussed. To illustrate the methodology, results of content analyses of selected responses to open-ended questions on consistent condom use are presented by gender (male, female), ethnic group (white, African American), and consistency of condom use (always, sometimes). This type of formative research can be applied immediately to designing programs and is invaluable for valid and relevant larger-scale quantitative research. PMID:8862153
Competitive effects between stationary chemical reaction centres: A theory based on off-center monopoles
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Biello, Joseph A.; Samson, Renķ
The subject of this paper is competitive effects between multiple reaction sinks. A theory based on off-center monopoles is developed for the steady-state diffusion equation and for the convection-diffusion equation with a constant flow field. The dipolar approximation for the diffusion equation with two equal reaction centres is compared with the exact solution. The former turns out to be remarkably accurate, even for two touching spheres. Numerical evidence is presented to show that the same holds for larger clusters (with more than two spheres). The theory is extended to the convection-diffusion equation with a constant flow field. As one increases the convective velocity, the competitive effects between the reactive centres gradually become less significant. This is demonstrated for a number of cluster configurations. At high flow velocities, the current methodology breaks down. Fixing this problem will be the subject of future research. The current method is useful as an easy-to-use tool for the calibration of other more complicated models in mass and/or heat transfer.
A variable-order laminated plate theory based on the variational-asymptotical method
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Lee, Bok W.; Sutyrin, Vladislav G.; Hodges, Dewey H.
The variational-asymptotical method is a mathematical technique by which the three-dimensional analysis of laminated plate deformation can be split into a linear, one-dimensional, through-the-thickness analysis and a nonlinear, two-dimensional, plate analysis. The elastic constants used in the plate analysis are obtained from the through-the-thickness analysis, along with approximate, closed-form three-dimensional distributions of displacement, strain, and stress. In this paper, a theory based on this technique is developed which is capable of approximating three-dimensional elasticity to any accuracy desired. The asymptotical method allows for the approximation of the through-the-thickness behavior in terms of the eigenfunctions of a certain Sturm-Liouville problem associated with the thickness coordinate. These eigenfunctions contain all the necessary information about the nonhomogeneities along the thickness coordinate of the plate and thus possess the appropriate discontinuities in the derivatives of displacement. The theory is presented in this paper along with numerical results for the eigenfunctions of various laminated plates.
Reputation Based Access Point Selection in 802.11 Network
Qing Ding; Xin Ming Zhang; Xi Li; Xue Hai Zhou
In an 802.11 wireless network with multiple access points (APs), for a commercial user, a prime concern is how to discover the desired AP since the AP providers maybe selfish and owned by different organization. This paper presents a generic reputation based framework for AP selection for this case. An M\\/M\\/1 queuing model is introduced to get a quantitative insight
Stiffness modeling of a family of 6DoF parallel mechanisms with three limbs based on screw theory
Bing Li; Hongjian Yu; Zongquan Deng; Xiaojun Yang; Hong Hu
The stiffness modeling of a family of six degrees of freedom (DoF) parallel mechanisms with configurations of 3-RUPU is presented.\\u000a The mobility of the mechanisms is firstly analyzed, and then the stiffness analysis and modeling of the family of mechanisms\\u000a is developed by a novel screw-theory based method. The method employs screw theory as a tool for force analysis and
The role of cyber-intermediaries: a framework based on transaction cost analysis, agency, relationship marketing and social exchange theories
Xueming Luo; Naveen Donthu
Purpose ¢ The purpose of his paper is to define the role of cyber-intermediaries based on several theories such as transaction cost analysis, agency, social exchange, and relationship marketing. Design\\/methodology\\/approach ¢ This is a conceptual piece that uses arguments from well-established theories in marketing and management Findings ¢ This paper suggests that cyber-intermediaries will continue to add value to the
A High Precision Feature Based on LBP and Gabor Theory for Face Recognition
Xia, Wei; Yin, Shouyi; Ouyang, Peng
How to describe an image accurately with the most useful information but at the same time the least useless information is a basic problem in the recognition field. In this paper, a novel and high precision feature called BG2D2LRP is proposed, accompanied with a corresponding face recognition system. The feature contains both static texture differences and dynamic contour trends. It is based on Gabor and LBP theory, operated by various kinds of transformations such as block, second derivative, direct orientation, layer and finally fusion in a particular way. Seven well-known face databases such as FRGC, AR, FERET and so on are used to evaluate the veracity and robustness of the proposed feature. A maximum improvement of 29.41% is achieved comparing with other methods. Besides, the ROC curve provides a satisfactory figure. Those experimental results strongly demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the new feature and method. PMID:23552103
A three year outcome evaluation of a theory based drink driving education program.
Sheehan, M; Schonfeld, C; Ballard, R; Schofield, F; Najman, J; Siskind, V
This study reports on the impact of a "drink driving education program" taught to grade ten high school students. The program which involves twelve lessons uses strategies based on the Ajzen and Madden theory of planned behavior. Students were trained to use alternatives to drink driving and passenger behaviors. One thousand seven hundred and seventy-four students who had been taught the program in randomly assigned control and intervention schools were followed up three years later. There had been a major reduction in drink driving behaviors in both intervention and control students. In addition to this cohort change there was a trend toward reduced drink driving in the intervention group and a significant reduction in passenger behavior in this group. Readiness to use alternatives suggested that the major impact of the program was on students who were experimenting with the behavior at the time the program was taught. The program seems to have optimized concurrent social attitude and behavior change. PMID:8952213
Predicting substance abuse treatment completion using a new scale based on the theory of planned behavior.
Zemore, Sarah E; Ajzen, Icek
We examined whether a 9-item scale based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) predicted substance abuse treatment completion. Data were collected at a public, outpatient program among clients initiating treatment (N=200). Baseline surveys included measures of treatment-related attitudes, norms, perceived control, and intention; discharge status was collected from program records. As expected, TPB attitude and control components independently predicted intention (model R-squared=.56), and intention was positively associated with treatment completion even including clinical and demographic covariates (model R-squared=.24). TPB components were generally associated with the alternative readiness scales as expected, and the TPB remained predictive at higher levels of coercion. Meanwhile, none of the standard measures of readiness (e.g., the URICA and TREAT) or treatment coercion were positively associated with treatment participation. Results suggest promise for application of the TPB to treatment completion and support use of the intention component as a screener, though some refinements are suggested. PMID:23953167
Grey situation group decision-making method based on prospect theory.
Zhang, Na; Fang, Zhigeng; Liu, Xiaqing
This paper puts forward a grey situation group decision-making method on the basis of prospect theory, in view of the grey situation group decision-making problems that decisions are often made by multiple decision experts and those experts have risk preferences. The method takes the positive and negative ideal situation distance as reference points, defines positive and negative prospect value function, and introduces decision experts' risk preference into grey situation decision-making to make the final decision be more in line with decision experts' psychological behavior. Based on TOPSIS method, this paper determines the weight of each decision expert, sets up comprehensive prospect value matrix for decision experts' evaluation, and finally determines the optimal situation. At last, this paper verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the method by means of a specific example. PMID:25197706
Vibration isolation and reduction by spring-stiffness control based on theory of variable structure systems
Yamaguchi, H.; Shioya, S. [National Defense Academy, Yokosuka (Japan). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; Oda, M. [National Defense Agency, Gotenba (Japan)
By controlling spring stiffness, vibration reduction and isolation for the mass-spring system are achieved in this paper. The control algorithm of the spring stiffness is based on the variable structure systems (VSS) theory. The stiffness-controllable spring is achieved by using two straight bars that are hinged to the mass in a line perpendicular to the direction of mass motion and are applied axial force. Since the axial force causes restoring force equivalent to the spring, the stiffness is controlled by the axial force. In the numerical simulations and experiments, the settling time of the impulse response and the displacement transmissibility are investigated. The results show that the proposed method is effective in suppressing shock motion and isolating vibration transmitted from the floor.
AAA gunnermodel based on observer theory. [predicting a gunner's tracking response
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Kou, R. S.; Glass, B. C.; Day, C. N.; Vikmanis, M. M.
The Luenberger observer theory is used to develop a predictive model of a gunner's tracking response in antiaircraft artillery systems. This model is composed of an observer, a feedback controller and a remnant element. An important feature of the model is that the structure is simple, hence a computer simulation requires only a short execution time. A parameter identification program based on the least squares curve fitting method and the Gauss Newton gradient algorithm is developed to determine the parameter values of the gunner model. Thus, a systematic procedure exists for identifying model parameters for a given antiaircraft tracking task. Model predictions of tracking errors are compared with human tracking data obtained from manned simulation experiments. Model predictions are in excellent agreement with the empirical data for several flyby and maneuvering target trajectories.
Detection and control of combustion instability based on the concept of dynamical system theory.
Gotoda, Hiroshi; Shinoda, Yuta; Kobayashi, Masaki; Okuno, Yuta; Tachibana, Shigeru
We propose an online method of detecting combustion instability based on the concept of dynamical system theory, including the characterization of the dynamic behavior of combustion instability. As an important case study relevant to combustion instability encountered in fundamental and practical combustion systems, we deal with the combustion dynamics close to lean blowout (LBO) in a premixed gas-turbine model combustor. The relatively regular pressure fluctuations generated by thermoacoustic oscillations transit to low-dimensional intermittent chaos owing to the intermittent appearance of burst with decreasing equivalence ratio. The translation error, which is characterized by quantifying the degree of parallelism of trajectories in the phase space, can be used as a control variable to prevent LBO. PMID:25353548
Detection and control of combustion instability based on the concept of dynamical system theory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Gotoda, Hiroshi; Shinoda, Yuta; Kobayashi, Masaki; Okuno, Yuta; Tachibana, Shigeru
We propose an online method of detecting combustion instability based on the concept of dynamical system theory, including the characterization of the dynamic behavior of combustion instability. As an important case study relevant to combustion instability encountered in fundamental and practical combustion systems, we deal with the combustion dynamics close to lean blowout (LBO) in a premixed gas-turbine model combustor. The relatively regular pressure fluctuations generated by thermoacoustic oscillations transit to low-dimensional intermittent chaos owing to the intermittent appearance of burst with decreasing equivalence ratio. The translation error, which is characterized by quantifying the degree of parallelism of trajectories in the phase space, can be used as a control variable to prevent LBO.
Application of perturbation theory to lattice calculations based on method of cyclic characteristics
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Assawaroongruengchot, Monchai
Perturbation theory is a technique used for the estimation of changes in performance functionals, such as linear reaction rate ratio and eigenvalue affected by small variations in reactor core compositions. Here the algorithm of perturbation theory is developed for the multigroup integral neutron transport problems in 2D fuel assemblies with isotropic scattering. The integral transport equation is used in the perturbative formulation because it represents the interconnecting neutronic systems of the lattice assemblies via the tracking lines. When the integral neutron transport equation is used in the formulation, one needs to solve the resulting integral transport equations for the flux importance and generalized flux importance functions. The relationship between the generalized flux importance and generalized source importance functions is defined in order to transform the generalized flux importance transport equations into the integro-differential equations for the generalized adjoints. Next we develop the adjoint and generalized adjoint transport solution algorithms based on the method of cyclic characteristics (MOCC) in DRAGON code. In the MOCC method, the adjoint characteristics equations associated with a cyclic tracking line are formulated in such a way that a closed form for the adjoint angular function can be obtained. The MOCC method then requires only one cycle of scanning over the cyclic tracking lines in each spatial iteration. We also show that the source importance function by CP method is mathematically equivalent to the adjoint function by MOCC method. In order to speed up the MOCC solution algorithm, a group-reduction and group-splitting techniques based on the structure of the adjoint scattering matrix are implemented. A combined forward flux/adjoint function iteration scheme, based on the group-splitting technique and the common use of a large number of variables storing tracking-line data and exponential values, is proposed to reduce the computing time when both direct and adjoint solutions are required. A problem that arises for the generalized adjoint problem is that the direct use of the negative external generalized adjoint sources in the adjoint solution algorithm results in negative generalized adjoint functions. A coupled flux biasing/decontamination scheme is applied to make the generalized adjoint functions positive using the adjoint functions in such a way that it can be used for the multigroup rebalance technique. Next we consider the application of the perturbation theory to the reactor problems. Since the coolant void reactivity (CVR) is a important factor in reactor safety analysis, we have decided to select this parameter for optimization studies. We consider the optimization and adjoint sensitivity techniques for the adjustments of CVR at beginning of burnup cycle (BOC) and k eff at end of burnup cycle (EOC) for a 2D Advanced CANDU Reactor (ACR) lattice. The sensitivity coefficients are evaluated using the perturbation theory based on the integral transport equations. Three sets of parameters for CVR-BOC and keff-EOC adjustments are studied: (1) Dysprosium density in the central pin with Uranium enrichment in the outer fuel rings, (2) Dysprosium density and Uranium enrichment both in the central pin, and (3) the same parameters as in the first case but the objective is to obtain a negative checkerboard CVR at beginning of cycle (CBCVR-BOC). To approximate the sensitivity coefficient at EOC, we perform constant-power burnup/depletion calculations for 600 full power days (FPD) using a slightly perturbed nuclear library and the unperturbed neutron fluxes to estimate the variation of nuclide densities at EOC. Sensitivity analyses of CVR and eigenvalue are included in the study. In addition the optimization and adjoint sensitivity techniques are applied to the CBCVR-BOC and keff-EOC adjustment of the ACR lattices with Gadolinium in the central pin. Finally we apply these techniques to the CVR-BOC, CVR-EOC and keff-EOC adjustment of a CANDU lattice of which the burnup period is extended f
The shortened Raven Standard Progressive Matrices: item response theory-based psychometric analyses and normative data.
Van der Elst, Wim; Ouwehand, Carolijn; van Rijn, Peter; Lee, Nikki; Van Boxtel, Martin; Jolles, Jelle
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a shortened version of the Raven Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) under an item response theory framework (the one- and two-parameter logistic models). The shortened Raven SPM was administered to N = 453 cognitively healthy adults aged between 24 and 83 years. The IQ point estimates that were obtained under the one- and two-parameter logistic models were very similar (r = .97), but the two-parameter logistic-based test version had a higher measurement precision. The results showed that older age and being female were associated with a lower Raven SPM test performance. A user-friendly computer program was provided to facilitate the scoring and norming of the shortened Raven SPM under the different frameworks. PMID:21807748