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Linear Concentrator Systems | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page onYou are now leaving Energy.gov You are now leaving Energy.gov You are being directedAnnual SiteofEvaluatingGroup |Jilin ZhongdiantouLichuan City YujiangLincoln ElectricLindeLinear
, ACT, Australia P. Le Livre 2 , M. Greaves 2 , A. Tanner 2 2 Chromasun Inc, San Jose, CA, United States of America ABSTRACT A unique, linear, low-concentration, hybrid `micro- concentrator' (MCT) system concept, system output of 500 Wpe and 2 kWpt is expected, for a combined system efficiency of up to 75%. The MCT
Wave functions of linear systems
Tomasz Sowinski
Complete analysis of quantum wave functions of linear systems in an arbitrary number of dimensions is given. It is shown how one can construct a complete set of stationary quantum states of an arbitrary linear system from purely classical arguments. This construction is possible because for linear systems classical dynamics carries the whole information about quantum dynamics.
Optimal concentrations in transport systems
Kim, Wonjung
Many biological and man-made systems rely on transport systems for the distribution of material, for example matter and energy. Material transfer in these systems is determined by the flow rate and the concentration of ...
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF DIRECT LIQUID-IMMERSED SOLAR CELL COOLING OF A LINEAR CONCENTRATING Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China 2 Centre for Sustainable Energy Systems, The Australian National University, ACT, 0200, Australia 3 School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin
A HYBRID SOLAR LINEAR CONCENTRATOR PROTOTYPE IN INDIA , J. Daniel
and community power supply, and grid connected PV generation [1]. The need for heat in applications such as domestic hot water, air conditioning, or air heating for drying cash crops, makes hybrid concentrator PV-grid systems for basic lighting, irrigation pumps, cellular phone towers, urban applications, medical
Identifying Redundant Linear Constraints in Systems of Linear ...
Jun 22, 2006 ... redundant linear constraints from the system (2.1) and (2.2). ... It is informative to note that in the above theorem, the optimal ..... S. Boyd and L. El Ghaoui, "Linear Matrix Inequalities in System and Control Theory", SIAM, vol.
Sandia National Laboratories: Concentrating Solar Power Systems
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Concentrating Solar Power Systems Air Force Research Laboratory Testing On November 2, 2012, in Concentrating Solar Power, Facilities, National Solar Thermal Test Facility, News,...
Linear Concentrator System Basics for Concentrating Solar Power...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
that is heated by the sunlight and then used to create superheated steam that spins a turbine that drives a generator to produce electricity. Alternatively, steam can be generated...
Linear Concentrator System Basics for Concentrating Solar Power |
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page onYou are now leaving Energy.gov You are now leaving Energy.gov You are being directed off Energy.gov.Energy02.pdf7
System identification for passive linear quantum systems
Madalin Guta; Naoki Yamamoto
System identification is a key enabling component for the implementation of quantum technologies, including quantum control. In this paper, we consider the class of passive linear input-output systems, and investigate several basic questions: (1) which parameters can be identified? (2) Given sufficient input-output data, how do we reconstruct system parameters? (3) How can we optimize the estimation precision by preparing appropriate input states and performing measurements on the output? We show that minimal systems can be identified up to a unitary transformation on the modes, and systems satisfying a Hamiltonian connectivity condition called "infecting" are completely identifiable. We propose a frequency domain design based on a Fisher information criterion, for optimizing the estimation precision for coherent input state. As a consequence of the unitarity of the transfer function, we show that the Heisenberg limit with respect to the input energy can be achieved using non-classical input states.
Two linear slot nozzle virtual impactors for concentration of bioaerosols
Haglund, John Steven
subsequent units incorporated remedies to problems encountered in earlier units. Some 18 changes were in response to problems in manufacturing while others were reflective of geometric improvements suggested by aerosol experiments or the numerical... through a series of ten evenly-spaced ?spokes? to the vacuum annulus as described above and shown in Figure 4. The minor flow containing the concentrated aerosol continued on the radially inward trajectory and was collected at the central axis...
Zeros in linear multivariable control systems
Ewing, Robert Fennell
ZEROS IN LINEAR MULTIVARIABLE CONTROL SYSTEMS A Thesis by ROBERT FENNELL EWING Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas A8M University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE August 1974 Major... Control Systems (August 1974) Robert Fennell Ewing, B. S. , Texas A&M University Chairman of Advisory Committee: Dr. J. W. Howze This thesis examines the problem of altering the transfer function matrix of a linear, time-invariant, multivariable system...
Stochastic bridges of linear systems
Yongxin Chen; Tryphon Georgiou
We study a generalization of the Brownian bridge as a stochastic process that models the position and velocity of inertial particles between the two end-points of a time interval. The particles experience random acceleration and are assumed to have known states at the boundary. Thus, the movement of the particles can be modeled as an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process conditioned on position and velocity measurements at the two end-points. It is shown that optimal stochastic control provides a stochastic differential equation (SDE) that generates such a bridge as a degenerate diffusion process. Generalizations to higher order linear diffusions are considered.
Tower systems for Linearly repetitive Delone sets
José Aliste-Prieto; Daniel Coronel
In this paper we study linearly repetitive Delone sets and prove, following the work of Bellissard, Benedetti and Gambaudo, that the hull of a linearly repetitive Delone set admits a properly nested sequence of box decompositions (tower system) with strictly positive and uniformly bounded (in size and norm) transition matrices. This generalizes a result of Durand for linearly recurrent symbolic systems. Furthermore, we apply this result to give a new proof of a classic estimation of Lagarias and Pleasants on the rate of convergence of patch-frequencies.
Optimal Linear Quadratic Regulator for Markovian Jump Linear Systems, in the
Baras, John S.
, in the last fifteen, the classical paradigms of optimal control for Markovian jump linear systems (see CostaOptimal Linear Quadratic Regulator for Markovian Jump Linear Systems, in the presence of one time] and in the design of controllers Chizeck [1986] of controllers for Markovian jump linear systems. More specifically
Controllability of second order linear systems Josep Clotet
Politècnica de Catalunya, Universitat
Controllability of second order linear systems Josep Clotet 1 , M a ÂŻ Isabel Garc linearization process we study the controllability of second order linear systems. We obtain sufficient-Words: - Two-order linear systems, linearization, feedback, controllability. 1 Introduction The study of second
Dye alignment in luminescent solar concentrators: II. Horizontal alignment for energy harvesting in linear polarizers
Mulder, Carlijn L.; Reusswig, Phil D.; Beyler, A. P.; Kim, Heekyung; Rotschild, Carmel; Baldo, Marc
We describe Linearly Polarized Luminescent Solar Concentrators (LP-LSCs) to replace conventional, purely absorptive, linear polarizers in energy harvesting applications. As a proof of concept, we align 3-(2-Benzothiazolyl)-N,N-diethylumbelliferylamine (Coumarin 6) and 4-dicyanomethyl-6-dimethylaminostiryl-4H-pyran (DCM) dye molecules linearly in the plane of the substrate using a polymerizable liquid crystal host. We show that up to 38% of the photons polarized on the long axis of the dye molecules can be coupled to the edge of the device for an LP-LSC based on Coumarin 6 with an order parameter of 0.52.
Dual-range linearized transimpedance amplifier system
Wessendorf, Kurt O. (Albuquerque, NM)
A transimpedance amplifier system is disclosed which simultaneously generates a low-gain output signal and a high-gain output signal from an input current signal using a single transimpedance amplifier having two different feedback loops with different amplification factors to generate two different output voltage signals. One of the feedback loops includes a resistor, and the other feedback loop includes another resistor in series with one or more diodes. The transimpedance amplifier system includes a signal linearizer to linearize one or both of the low- and high-gain output signals by scaling and adding the two output voltage signals from the transimpedance amplifier. The signal linearizer can be formed either as an analog device using one or two summing amplifiers, or alternately can be formed as a digital device using two analog-to-digital converters and a digital signal processor (e.g. a microprocessor or a computer).
Boyer, Edmond
systems. Recently (Alessandri, 2001), Alessandri considered the case where continuous evolution is linear
Antsaklis, Panos
STABILIZING SUPERVISORY CONTROL OF HYBRID SYSTEMS BASED ON PIECEWISE LINEAR LYAPUNOV FUNCTIONS1 Lyapunov func- tions. In particular, we consider discrete-time switched linear systems. The control problem of discrete-time piecewise linear hybrid systems is in- vestigated using piecewise linear Lyapunov functions
Controllability of Linear Systems with inner derivation on Lie Groups
Boyer, Edmond
Controllability of Linear Systems with inner derivation on Lie Groups Philippe JOUAN November 2 group of automorphisms. A control-ane system is linear if the drift is linear and the controlled vector groups are stated. The paper ends by many examples. Keywords: Lie groups; Linear systems; controllability
1. INTRODUCTION It is relatively easy to control linear systems.
Wilamowski, Bogdan Maciej
of the biggest challenges in modern control theory. While linear control system theory has been well developed1. INTRODUCTION It is relatively easy to control linear systems. Unfortunately, in practice most systems are nonlinear. Some of them can be linearized and use well developed linear control theory
The linear quadratic optimal control problem for linear descriptor systems with variable coefficients
Kunkel, Peter
The linear quadratic optimal control problem for linear descriptor systems with variable coefficients Peter Kunkel 3 Volker Mehrmann y 17.01.97 Abstract We study linear quadratic optimal control, 93B11, 93B40 1 Introduction In this paper we study the linearÂquadratic optimal control problem
Low Cost High Concentration PV Systems for Utility Power Generation...
Low Cost High Concentration PV Systems for Utility Power Generation Amonix, Inc. Low Cost High Concentration PV Systems for Utility Power Generation Amonix, Inc. A series of brief...
Stability and Controllability of Planar, Conewise Linear Systems
Broucke, Mireille E.
Stability and Controllability of Planar, Conewise Linear Systems Ari Arapostathis a,2 and Mireille and controllability of piecewise-linear systems defined on a conic partition of R2. This includes necessary. Key words: switched systems, piecewise linear systems, stability, controllability 1 Introduction
Robertz, Daniel
LINEAR CONTROL SYSTEMS OVER ORE ALGEBRAS: EFFECTIVE ALGORITHMS FOR THE email@example.com. Abstract: In this paper, we study linear control systems over Ore algebras. Within this mathematical framework, we can simultaneously deal with different classes of linear control systems such as time
Linearization of affine connection control system David R. Tyner
Lewis, Andrew D.
Linearization of affine connection control system David R. Tyner 22/09/2002 Abstract A simple system. If these systems are underactuated then they do not provide a control- lable linearization about their equilibrium points. Without a controllable linearization it is not entirely clear how one should deriving
Infinite-dimensional linear systems: a distributional approach
Opmeer, Mark
resolvent linear system and solve the linear quadratic optimal control problem for this class of systems contributions to the linear quadratic optimal control problem for operators on infinite-dimensional spaces. We quadratic optimal control problem on a finite time horizon for this class 1 #12;of systems. The infinite
Bitmead, Bob
, a number of modern model-based control design methods sought to deal with system constraints directlyOPTIMAL CONTROL OF LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH STATE EQUALITY CONSTRAINTS Sangho Ko , Robert R. Bitmead 1 with the optimal control problem for systems with state linear equality constraints. For deterministic linear
Krylov space solvers for shifted linear systems
B. Jegerlehner
We investigate the application of Krylov space methods to the solution of shifted linear systems of the form (A+\\sigma) x - b = 0 for several values of \\sigma simultaneously, using only as many matrix-vector operations as the solution of a single system requires. We find a suitable description of the problem, allowing us to understand known algorithms in a common framework and developing shifted methods basing on short recurrence methods, most notably the CG and the BiCGstab solvers. The convergence properties of these shifted solvers are well understood and the derivation of other shifted solvers is easily possible. The application of these methods to quark propagator calculations in quenched QCD using Wilson and Clover fermions is discussed and numerical examples in this framework are presented. With the shifted CG method an optimal algorithm for staggered fermions is available.
Upcoming Numerical Linear Algebra Issues in Systems and Control Theory
Upcoming Numerical Linear Algebra Issues in Systems and Control Theory Paul Van Dooren University in the interdisciplinary area of numerical linear algebra and systems and control theory. Although we do not claimto, and normalized coprime factorizations in robust control. Key words. Numerical algorithms, linear algebra, sparse
Optimal linear control systems with input derivative constraints
Moore, John Barratt
. Optimal linear control systems with input derivative constraints J. B. Moore, Ph. D., and Prof. B-loss-function minimisation problem is linear. The "paper applies the results of this optimal control theory to a class of performance desired. For linear, finite-dimensional, completely controllable systems, Kalmanl has shown
Upcoming Numerical Linear Algebra Issues in Systems and Control Theory
Upcoming Numerical Linear Algebra Issues in Systems and Control Theory Paul Van Dooren University in the interdisciplinary area of numerical linear algebra and systems and control theory. Although we do not claim, and normalized coprime factorizations in robust control. Key words. Numerical algorithms, linear algebra, sparse
Steady state and transient model of a linear solar concentrator with cylindrical absorber
Ecevit, A.
A linear parabolic collector with integrated absorber pipe assembly is one of the main elements of a solar energy collection system that produces electricity or process heat. This kind of a system must geometrically and thermally be optimized so that a reasonable operating efficiency can be reached. A linear parabolic collector having an absorber, encircled with a cylindrical cavity, has been studied and the geometrical parameters of the system have been optimized before the collector was built and put into operation. The collector having dimensions of 200X95 sq.cm and having a focal length of 60 cm. is built under the view of the optimization procedure. The collector is oriented EW horizontal in the NS tracking mode and the longitudinal deviations of the focal line is examined. The energy distribution along the focal line of the collector is measured using a laser together with a wattmeter. The effects of the thermal and optical parameters on the performance of the system is studied by the use of a theoretical model that is built for the collector absorber system. The value of each parameter is changed from a minimum to a maximum, keeping the other parameters at their average values.
Concentrating Solar Deployment System (CSDS) -- A New Model for Estimating U.S. Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Market Potential: Preprint
Blair, N.; Mehos, M.; Short, W.; Heimiller, D.
This paper presents the Concentrating Solar Deployment System Model (CSDS). CSDS is a multiregional, multitime-period, Geographic Information System (GIS), and linear programming model of capacity expansion in the electric sector of the United States. CSDS is designed to address the principal market and policy issues related to the penetration of concentrating solar power (CSP) electric-sector technologies. This paper discusses the current structure, capabilities, and assumptions of the model. Additionally, results are presented for the impact of continued research and development (R&D) spending, an extension to the investment tax credit (ITC), and use of a production tax credit (PTC). CSDS is an extension of the Wind Deployment System (WinDS) model created at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). While WinDS examines issues related to wind, CSDS is an extension to analyze similar issues for CSP applications. Specifically, a detailed representation of parabolic trough systems with thermal storage has been developed within the existing structure.
Non-linear system identification in flow-induced vibration
Spanos, P.D.; Zeldin, B.A. [Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States); Lu, R. [Hudson Engineering Corp., Houston, TX (United States)
The paper introduces a method of identification of non-linear systems encountered in marine engineering applications. The non-linearity is accounted for by a combination of linear subsystems and known zero-memory non-linear transformations; an equivalent linear multi-input-single-output (MISO) system is developed for the identification problem. The unknown transfer functions of the MISO system are identified by assembling a system of linear equations in the frequency domain. This system is solved by performing the Cholesky decomposition of a related matrix. It is shown that the proposed identification method can be interpreted as a {open_quotes}Gram-Schmidt{close_quotes} type of orthogonal decomposition of the input-output quantities of the equivalent MISO system. A numerical example involving the identification of unknown parameters of flow (ocean wave) induced forces on offshore structures elucidates the applicability of the proposed method.
High Performance Dense Linear System Solver with Soft Error Resilience
Dongarra, Jack
High Performance Dense Linear System Solver with Soft Error Resilience Peng Du, Piotr Luszczek systems, and in some scientific applications C/R is not applicable for soft error at all due to error) high performance dense linear system solver with soft error resilience. By adopting a mathematical
Optimization Online - Global Optimization of Non-Linear Systems of ...
Nicholas Harkiolakis
Oct 20, 2008 ... Global Optimization of Non-Linear Systems of Equations by Simulating the ... 10th WSEAS International Conference on Mathematical Methods, ...
Methods for Estimation and Control of Linear Systems Driven by Cauchy Noises
Fernandez, Javier Huerta
prediction optimal control for a scalar linear system withPrediction Optimal Control for a Scalar Linear System withsystems in modern stochastic optimal control, algorithms like the linear
Electronic Non-Contacting Linear Position Measuring System
Post, Richard F. (Walnut Creek, CA)
A non-contacting linear position location system employs a special transmission line to encode and transmit magnetic signals to a receiver on the object whose position is to be measured. The invention is useful as a non-contact linear locator of moving objects, e.g., to determine the location of a magnetic-levitation train for the operation of the linear-synchronous motor drive system.
Chapter 5 -Linear Systems Math 267, Ordinary differential equations
-1). #12;Chapter 5 - Linear Systems Spring-mass-spring-mass, Brine tanks I Example 1 Two carts;Chapter 5 - Linear Systems Spring-mass-spring-mass, Brine tanks II computed. Brine (saltwater) goes from 1 at 20 gal/min and brine flows out of tank 2 at 20 gal/min. This can be written as x = - 3 10 x + 1
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
POLYGRAPHS FOR TERMINATION OF LEFT-LINEAR TERM REWRITING SYSTEMS February 2, 2007 Yves GUIRAUD termination of left-linear term rewriting systems (TRSs) by using Albert Burroni's polygraphs, a kind whose termination is proven with a polygraphic interpretation, then we get back the property on the TRS
On Optimal Feedback Control for Stationary Linear Systems
Russell, David L., E-mail: email@example.com [Virginia Tech, Department of Mathematics (United States)
We study linear-quadratic optimal control problems for finite dimensional stationary linear systems AX+BU=Z with output Y=CX+DU from the viewpoint of linear feedback solution. We interpret solutions in relation to system robustness with respect to disturbances Z and relate them to nonlinear matrix equations of Riccati type and eigenvalue-eigenvector problems for the corresponding Hamiltonian system. Examples are included along with an indication of extensions to continuous, i.e., infinite dimensional, systems, primarily of elliptic type.
Concentrated Solar Power Generation Systems: The SAIC Dish
Hemmers, Oliver
Concentrated Solar Power Generation Systems: The SAIC Dish Center for Energy Research at UNLV #12;Concentrating Solar Dishes Work has been underway at UNLV's Center for Energy Research since 2001 in the use of concentrating solar dishes for electrical power generation. One of these solar dishes was marketed by Science
Concentrator Photovoltaic System Basics | Department of Energy
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645 3,625 1,006 492 742 33 1112011AT&T, Inc.'sEnergyTexas1.Space DataEnergyCompressed AirEnergyConcentrator
Semigroup associated with a quasi-linear system in which the coupling is linear
Pimbley, G.H.
Until now, semigroup solution has been successful mainly for linear and mildly nonlinear initial value problems having but a single partial differential equation (PDE). Attempts to apply standard semigroup generation principles to systems of nonlinear PDEs have encountered difficulties, though papers have appeared that treat mildly nonlinear systems. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate ideas, involving the Trotter product formula, that may be efficacious in finding semigroups for coupled systems of quasi-linear PDEs. This is a class for which semigroup generation principles involving accretiveness of an operator have generally failed. These Trotter product ideas were originally explained by J. Marsden, using a profound Banach manifold approach. 5 references.
Output regulation problem for differentiable families of linear systems
Politècnica de Catalunya, Universitat
The output regulation problem arose as one of the main research topics in linear control theory in the 1970s regulation when modeled by a global or a local differentiable family. Partially supported by DGICYT n.PB97Output regulation problem for differentiable families of linear systems Albert Compta and Marta Pe
Concentrated Photovoltaic Systems Center for Energy Research at
Hemmers, Oliver
in the fabrication of the tracking system. #12;Concentrated Solar Power Center for Energy Research at UNLV solar-electric system increases if the sun is tracked. The Amonix system is an example-of-the-Art Solar Power System Center for Energy Research at UNLV The most common photovoltaic (PV) systems
System for particle concentration and detection
Morales, Alfredo M.; Whaley, Josh A.; Zimmerman, Mark D.; Renzi, Ronald F.; Tran, Huu M.; Maurer, Scott M.; Munslow, William D.
A new microfluidic system comprising an automated prototype insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) triggering microfluidic device for pathogen monitoring that can eventually be run outside the laboratory in a real world environment has been used to demonstrate the feasibility of automated trapping and detection of particles. The system broadly comprised an aerosol collector for collecting air-borne particles, an iDEP chip within which to temporarily trap the collected particles and a laser and fluorescence detector with which to induce a fluorescence signal and detect a change in that signal as particles are trapped within the iDEP chip.
Moment-linear stochastic systems and their applications
Roy, Sandip, 1978-
Our work is motivated by the need for tractable stochastic models for complex network and system dynamics. With this motivation in mind, we develop a class of discrete-time Markov models, called moment-linear stochastic ...
Optimal Control of Linear Systems with State Equality Constraints
Bitmead, Bob
system specifications. Recently, a number of modern model- based control design methods seek to dealOptimal Control of Linear Systems with State Equality Constraints Sangho Ko and Robert R. Bitmead and control community, since it is closely connected with system performance and, thus, fulfillment of given
Exercises UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE. Linear Systems
Vellekoop, Michel
) Find the homogeneous solution. b) Find the impulse response. c) Find the step response s(t) (the(t) = 2x(t). a) Find the homogeneous solution. b) Find the impulse response. c) Find the step response s response s(t) of a system is the response of a system to the step signal u(t). Show that the step response
Sufficient statistics for linear control strategies in decentralized systems with partial history
Mahajan, Aditya
1 Sufficient statistics for linear control strategies in decentralized systems with partial history sharing Aditya Mahajan and Ashutosh Nayyar Abstract In decentralized control systems with linear dynamics, quadratic cost, and Gaussian disturbance (also called decentralized LQG systems) linear control strategies
Evaluation of tracking flat plate and concentrator PV systems
Lepley, T. [Phasor Energy Co., Phoenix, AZ (United States); Hammond, B.; Harris, A. [Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
Arizona Public Service Company has conducted side-by-side field tests of most of the leading tracking flat plate and concentrating PV technologies. The results verify the added value due to tracking, but show that additional reliability improvements are needed in most cases. Concentrator PV systems can be high performers in sunny regions. In addition, a novel inverter system design by Raytheon has demonstrated excellent performance and promises to be more reliable and have lower cost than competing technologies.
Optimization on linear matrix inequalities for polynomial systems control
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Optimization on linear matrix inequalities for polynomial systems control Didier Henrion1,2 Draft Many problems of systems control theory boil down to solving polynomial equations, polynomial conclude this part with applications to optimal control (design of a trajectory optimal w.r.t. a given
On the non-linearity of the subsidiary systems
Helmut Friedrich
In hyperbolic reductions of the Einstein equations the evolution of gauge conditions or constraint quantities is controlled by subsidiary systems. We point out a class of non-linearities in these systems which may have the potential of generating catastrophic growth of gauge resp. constraint violations in numerical calculations.
Durability of Polymeric Encapsulation Materials for Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems (Presentation)
Miller, D. C.; Muller, M.; Kempe, M. D.; Araki, K.; Kennedy, C. E.; Kurtz, S. R.
Presented at the 7th International Conference on Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems (CPV-7), 4-6 April 2011, Las Vegas, Nevada. Many concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems use a polymeric encapsulant to couple an optical component and/or coverglass to the cell. In that location, the encapsulation improves the transmission of concentrated optical flux through interfaces(s) while protecting the cell from the environment. The durability of encapsulation materials, however, is not well established relative to the desired service life of 30 years. Therefore, we have initiated a screen test to identify the field-induced failure modes for a variety of popular PV encapsulation materials.
Optimal Unravellings for Feedback Control in Linear Quantum Systems
H. M . Wiseman; A. C. Doherty
For quantum systems with linear dynamics in phase space much of classical feedback control theory applies. However, there are some questions that are sensible only for the quantum case, such as: given a fixed interaction between the system and the environment what is the optimal measurement on the environment for a particular control problem? We show that for a broad class of optimal (state-based) control problems (the stationary Linear-Quadratic-Gaussian class), this question is a semi-definite program. Moreover, the answer also applies to Markovian (current-based) feedback.
Equivalence of Control Systems with Linear Systems on Lie Groups and Homogeneous Spaces
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Equivalence of Control Systems with Linear Systems on Lie Groups and Homogeneous Spaces Philippe of geometric control theory arguments. Keywords: Lie groups; Homogeneous spaces; Linear systems; Com- plete JOUAN 28th November 2008 Abstract The aim of this paper is to prove that a control affine system
Microfluidic system with integrated electroosmotic pumps, concentration gradient generator and fish cell line (RTgill-W1)--towards water toxicity
Le Roy, Robert J.
Microfluidic system with integrated electroosmotic pumps, concentration gradient generator and fish on the web 15th September 2009 DOI: 10.1039/b911412m This study presents a microfluidic system components: (1) a toxicity testing chip containing a microfluidic gradient generator which creates a linear
Design of Stabilizing Switching Control Laws for Discrete and Continuous-Time Linear Systems Using Piecewise-Linear
Koutsoukos, Xenofon D.
Design of Stabilizing Switching Control Laws for Discrete and Continuous-Time Linear Systems Using Piecewise-Linear Lyapunov Functions Xenofon D. Koutsoukos Palo Alto Research Center 3333 Coyote Hill Road-219-631-5792 Fax +1-219-631-4393 email@example.com Abstract In this paper, the stability of switched linear
Complex geometric optics for symmetric hyperbolic systems I: linear theory
Omar Maj
We obtain an asymptotic solution for $\\ep \\to 0$ of the Cauchy problem for linear first-order symmetric hyperbolic systems with oscillatory initial values written in the eikonal form of geometric optics with frequency $1/\\ep$, but with complex phases. For the most common linear wave propagation models, this kind on Cauchy problems are well-known in the applied literature and their asymptotic theory, referred to as complex geometric optics, is attracting interest for applications. In this work, which is the first of a series of papers dedicated to complex geometric optics for nonlinear symmetric hyperbolic systems, we develop a rigorous linear theory and set the basis for the subsequent nonlinear analysis.
Multipole-based preconditioners for large sparse linear systems
Sarin, Vivek
Multipole-based preconditioners for large sparse linear systems Sreekanth R. Sambavaram a,1 , Vivek and hierarchical multipole approximations, the cost of computing and storing these preconditioners has reduced drama- tically. This paper describes the use of multipole operators as parallel preconditioners
SPEECH ENHANCEMENT USING MULTI--PULSE EXCITED LINEAR PREDICTION SYSTEM K.K. PALIWAL Computer enhancement. It is shown that for successful enhancement of speech the error--weighting filter should of enhancing speech corrupted by additive white noise, when only noisy speech is available, is of considerable
Design and performance of the Stanford Linear Collider Control System
Melen, R.E.
The success of the Stanford Linear Collider (SLC) will be dependent upon the implementation of a very large advanced computer-based instrumentation and control system. This paper describes the architectural design of this system as well as a critique of its performance. This critique is based on experience obtained from its use in the control and monitoring of 1/3 of the SLAC linac and in support of an expensive experimental machine physics experimental program. 11 references, 3 figures.
Coherent versus measurement feedback: Linear systems theory for quantum information
Naoki Yamamoto
To control a quantum system via feedback, we generally have two options in choosing control scheme. One is the coherent feedback, which feeds the output field of the system, through a fully quantum device, back to manipulate the system without involving any measurement process. The other one is the measurement-based feedback, which measures the output field and performs a real-time manipulation on the system based on the measurement results. Both schemes have advantages/disadvantages, depending on the system and the control goal, hence their comparison in several situation is important. This paper considers a general open linear quantum system with the following specific control goals; back-action evasion (BAE), generation of a quantum non-demolished (QND) variable, and generation of a decoherence-free subsystem (DFS), all of which have important roles in quantum information science. Then some no-go theorems are proven, clarifying that those goals cannot be achieved by any measurement-based feedback control. On the other hand it is shown that, for each control goal, there exists a coherent feedback controller accomplishing the task. The key idea to obtain all the results is system theoretic characterizations of BAE, QND, and DFS in terms of controllability and observability properties or transfer functions of linear systems, which are consistent with their standard definitions.
Controller Synthesis for a class of Uncertain Piecewise Linear Hybrid Dynamical Systems 1
Sontag, Eduardo
Controller Synthesis for a class of Uncertain Piecewise Linear Hybrid Dynamical Systems 1 Hai Lin2, observability and controllability etc. Piecewise linear systems arise often from linearization of nonlinear systems1 . Here we consider the controller synthesis problem for uncertain piecewise linear hybrid dynami
A linear time-varying simulation of the respiratory system
Hernandez, Oscar Renato
aerosols with constant transfer rates in a linear distribution of compartments representing three physiological regions of the respiratory system. This approach was selected by the Task Group to simplify nonlinear parameters such as macrophage uptake... of the action of physicochemical and biological factors that play a role in converting aerosol particles to a chemical form that is absorbed to the blood. In this research, using the same compartmental distribution as that proposed by the ICRP Task Group, a...
Low Concentration Photovoltaic Systems (LCPV), where solar irradiance is concentrated by a factor of 1-10, present
Rollins, Andrew M.
1 Abstract-- Low Concentration Photovoltaic Systems (LCPV), where solar irradiance is concentrated to multifactor and cyclic environmental stressors including solar irradiance, temperature and humidity which can each cause degradation over time. This issue is compounded in LCPV because concentration of solar
Long ion chamber systems for the SLC (Stanford Linear Collider)
Rolfe, J.; Gearhart, R.; Jacobsen, R.; Jenkins, T.; McComick, D.; Nelson, R.; Reagan, D.; Ross, M.
A Panofsky Long Ion Chamber (PLIC) is essentially a gas-filled coaxial cable, and has been used to protect the Stanford Linear Accelerator from damage caused by its electron beam, and as a sensitive diagnostic tool. This old technology has been updated and has found renewed use in the SLC. PLIC systems have been installed as beam steering aids in most parts of the SLC and are a part of the system that protects the SLC from damage by errant beams in several places. 5 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.
Drivers and Barriers in the Current Concentrated Solar Power...
the four major types of concentrating solar power technologies (CSP): parabolic trough, tower concentrators, linear Fresnel lenses and dish engine systems. It also provides an...
Deconvolution of antibody affinities and concentrations by non-linear regression analysis of competitive ELISA data.
Stevens, F. J.; Bobrovnik, S. A.; Biosciences Division; Palladin Inst. Biochemistry
Physiological responses of the adaptive immune system are polyclonal in nature whether induced by a naturally occurring infection, by vaccination to prevent infection or, in the case of animals, by challenge with antigen to generate reagents of research or commercial significance. The composition of the polyclonal responses is distinct to each individual or animal and changes over time. Differences exist in the affinities of the constituents and their relative proportion of the responsive population. In addition, some of the antibodies bind to different sites on the antigen, whereas other pairs of antibodies are sterically restricted from concurrent interaction with the antigen. Even if generation of a monoclonal antibody is the ultimate goal of a project, the quality of the resulting reagent is ultimately related to the characteristics of the initial immune response. It is probably impossible to quantitatively parse the composition of a polyclonal response to antigen. However, molecular regression allows further parameterization of a polyclonal antiserum in the context of certain simplifying assumptions. The antiserum is described as consisting of two competing populations of high- and low-affinity and unknown relative proportions. This simple model allows the quantitative determination of representative affinities and proportions. These parameters may be of use in evaluating responses to vaccines, to evaluating continuity of antibody production whether in vaccine recipients or animals used for the production of antisera, or in optimizing selection of donors for the production of monoclonal antibodies.
MA 511, Session 30 Stability of Solutions of Linear Systems of ODEs ...
Stability of Solutions of Linear Systems of ODEs ... Definition: The system is neutrally stable if ? ?. 0 for all .... Thus the system is stable if c > 0 (damped harmonic.
Novel Approach to Linear Accelerator Superconducting Magnet System
Kashikhin, Vladimir; /Fermilab
Superconducting Linear Accelerators include a superconducting magnet system for particle beam transportation that provides the beam focusing and steering. This system consists of a large number of quadrupole magnets and dipole correctors mounted inside or between cryomodules with SCRF cavities. Each magnet has current leads and powered from its own power supply. The paper proposes a novel approach to magnet powering based on using superconducting persistent current switches. A group of magnets is powered from the same power supply through the common, for the group of cryomodules, electrical bus and pair of current leads. Superconducting switches direct the current to the chosen magnet and close the circuit providing the magnet operation in a persistent current mode. Two persistent current switches were fabricated and tested. In the paper also presented the results of magnetic field simulations, decay time constants analysis, and a way of improving quadrupole magnetic center stability. Such approach substantially reduces the magnet system cost and increases the reliability.
Remote information concentration and multipartite entanglement in multilevel systems
Xin-Wen Wang; Deng-Yu Zhang; Guo-Jian Yang; Shi-Qing Tang; Li-Jun Xie
Remote information concentration (RIC) in $d$-level systems (qudits) is studied. It is shown that the quantum information initially distributed in three spatially separated qudits can be remotely and deterministically concentrated to a single qudit via an entangled channel without performing any global operations. The entangled channel can be different types of genuine multipartite pure entangled states which are inequivalent under local operations and classical communication. The entangled channel can also be a mixed entangled state, even a bound entangled state which has a similar form to the Smolin state, but has different features from the Smolin state. A common feature of all these pure and mixed entangled states is found, i.e., they have $d^2$ common commuting stabilizers. The differences of qudit-RIC and qubit-RIC ($d=2$) are also analyzed.
The thermodynamic dual structure of linear-dissipative driven systems
Eric Smith
The spontaneous emergence of dynamical order, such as persistent currents, is sometimes argued to require principles beyond the entropy maximization of the second law of thermodynamics. I show that, for linear dissipation in the Onsager regime, current formation can be driven by exactly the Jaynesian principle of entropy maximization, suitably formulated for extended systems and nonequilibrium boundary conditions. The Legendre dual structure of equilibrium thermodynamics is also preserved, though it requires the admission of current-valued state variables, and their correct incorporation in the entropy.
Limited Model Information Control Design for Linear Discrete-Time Systems with Stochastic Parameters
Johansson, Karl Henrik
Limited Model Information Control Design for Linear Discrete-Time Systems with Stochastic systems with stochastically varying parameters. Recently, there have been studies in optimal control subsystems' parameters. There have been many studies in optimal control design for linear discrete
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power Systemcombined heat and power systems . . . . . . . Verificationmyth eight – worldwide power systems are economically and
Observability Criteria and Estimator Design for Stochastic Linear Hybrid Systems
Gummadi, Ramakrishna
. Alessandri and Coletta [5] proposed a Luenberger observer design methodology for deterministic linear hybrid
Sufficient statistics for linear control strategies in decentralized systems with partial history sharing
Mahajan, Aditya
1 Sufficient statistics for linear control strategies in decentralized systems with partial history sharing Aditya Mahajan and Ashutosh Nayyar Abstract--In decentralized control systems with linear dy- namics, quadratic cost, and Gaussian disturbance (also called decentralized LQG systems) linear control
Offset-free Receding Horizon Control of Constrained Linear Systems subject to
Cambridge, University of
Offset-free Receding Horizon Control of Constrained Linear Systems subject to Time/F-INFENG/TR.468 November 4, 2003 #12;Offset-free Receding Horizon Control of Constrained Linear Systems subject and offset-free control of con- strained, linear time-invariant systems in the presence of time
A New Book "NUMERICAL METHODS FOR LINEAR CONTROL SYSTEMS DESIGN AND ANALYSIS"
Datta, Biswa
A New Book "NUMERICAL METHODS FOR LINEAR CONTROL SYSTEMS DESIGN AND ANALYSIS" by Biswa Nath Datta I am pleased to announce publication of my book: "Numerical Methods for Linear Control Systems Design-of-the-art computationally viable algorithms for major tasks arising in linear control systems design and analysis
Tube-based distributed control of linear constrained systems Stefano Riverso a
Ferrari-Trecate, Giancarlo
Tube-based distributed control of linear constrained systems Stefano Riverso a , Giancarlo Ferrari in [20] for linear systems and aim at approximating centralized MPC controllers. However, they require, 27100 Pavia, Italy Abstract In this paper we consider a linear system structured into physically coupled
A General Result on the Stabilization of Linear Systems Using Bounded Controls 1
Sontag, Eduardo
A General Result on the Stabilization of Linear Systems Using Bounded Controls 1 H'ector J of controllers that globally stabilize linear systems subject to control saturation. We allow essentially words: linear systems, saturated actuators, bounded controls, neural nets October, 1992. Revised
OPTIMAL REGULATOR FOR LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH TIME DELAY IN CONTROL INPUT MICHAEL BASIN JESUS RODRIGUEZ are included. Keywords: Linear Time-Delay System; Optimal Control; Filtering Category of the paper: Regular 1 Introduction Although the optimal control (regulator) problem for linear system states was solved, as well
An LQ sub-optimal stabilizing feedback law for switched linear systems
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
An LQ sub-optimal stabilizing feedback law for switched linear systems P. Riedinger J.-C. Vivalda linear switched system based on the optimization of a quadratic criterion. The main result provides is a challenging task. LQ regulators are widely used for the control of linear systems because of their simple
Uniform Stability of Switched Linear Systems: Extensions of LaSalle's Invariance Principle
Liebling, Michael
1 Uniform Stability of Switched Linear Systems: Extensions of LaSalle's Invariance Principle Jo linear systems, where uniformity refers to the con- vergence rate of the multiple solutions that one be viewed as extensions of LaSalle's Invariance Principle to certain classes of switched linear systems
Durability of Polymeric Encapsulation Materials for Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems (Presentation)
Miller, D. C.; Muller, M.; Kempe, M. D.; Araki, K.; Kennedy, C. E.; Kurtz, S. R.
Many concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems use a polymeric encapsulant to couple and optical component and/or coverglass to the cell. In that location, the encapsulation improves the transmission of concentrated optical flux through interface(s), while protecting the cell from the environment. The durability of encapsulation materials, however, is not well established relative to the desired service life of 30 years. Therefore, we have initiated a screen test to identify the field-induced failure modes for a variety of popular PV encapsulation materials. An existing CPV module (with no PV cells present) was modified to accommodate encapsulation specimens. The module (where nominal concentration of solar flux is 500x for the domed-Fresnel design) has been mounted on a tracker in Golden, CO (elevation 1.79 km). Initial results are reported here for 18 months cumulative exposure, including the hottest and coldest months of the past year. Characteristics observed at intervals during that time include: visual appearance, direct and hemispherical transmittance, and mass. Degradation may be assessed from subsequent analysis (including yellowness index and cut-on frequency) relative to the ambient conditions present during field exposure. The fluorescence signature observed of all the silicone specimens is examined here, including possible factors of causation -- the platinum catalyst used in the addition cured materials as well as the primer used to promote adhesion to the quartz substrate and superstrate.
Offset-free control of constrained linear discrete-time systems subject to persistent unmeasured disturbances
Cambridge, University of
Offset-free control of constrained linear discrete-time systems subject to persistent unmeasured, this objective is obtained by designing a dynamic, linear, time-invariant, offset-free controller, and an appropriate domain of attraction for this linear controller is defined. Following this, the linear
Point-focus spectral splitting solar concentrator for multiple cells concentrating photovoltaic system
Maragliano, Carlo; Stefancich, Marco
In this paper we present and experimentally validate a low-cost design of a spectral splitting concentrator for the efficient conversion of solar energy. The optical device consists of a dispersive prismatic lens made of polycarbonate designed to simultaneously concentrate the solar light and split it into its spectral components. With respect to our previous implementation, this device concentrates the light along two axes and generates a light pattern compatible with the dimensions of a set of concentrating photovoltaic cells while providing a higher concentration ratio. The mathematical framework and the constructive approach used for the design are presented and the device performance is simulated using ray-tracing software. We obtain spectral separation in the visible range within a 3x1 cm2 area and a maximum concentration of 210x for a single wavelength. The device is fabricated by injection molding and its performance is experimentally investigated. We measure an optical transmissivity above 90% in the...
Lighting system combining daylight concentrators and an artificial source
Bornstein, Jonathan G. (Miami, FL); Friedman, Peter S. (Toledo, OH)
A combined lighting system for a building interior includes a stack of luminescent solar concentrators (LSC), an optical conduit made of preferably optical fibers for transmitting daylight from the LSC stack, a collimating lens set at an angle, a fixture for receiving the daylight at one end and for distributing the daylight as illumination inside the building, an artificial light source at the other end of the fixture for directing artifical light into the fixture for distribution as illumination inside the building, an automatic dimmer/brightener for the artificial light source, and a daylight sensor positioned near to the LSC stack for controlling the automatic dimmer/brightener in response to the daylight sensed. The system also has a reflector positioned behind the artificial light source and a fan for exhausting heated air out of the fixture during summer and for forcing heated air into the fixture for passage into the building interior during winter.
An algorithm to solve any tropical linear system $A\\odot x=B\\odot x$
Lorenzo, E
An algorithm to solve any tropical linear system $A\\odot x=B\\odot x$ is presented. The given system is converted into two classical linear systems: a system of equations and a system of inequalities, each item (equation or inequality) involving exactly two variables, one with coefficient $1$, and another with coefficient $-1$. The two classical linear systems are solved, essentially, by triangulation and backward substitution.
On Topological Equivalence of Linear Flows with Applications to Bilinear Control Systems
Colonius, Fritz
On Topological Equivalence of Linear Flows with Applications to Bilinear Control Systems Victor theory for general linear ows. One of our main motivations comes from bilinear control systems, which This paper classi...es continuous linear ows using concepts and tech- niques from topological dynamics. Speci
LQG Control of Linear Systems with Network-Induced Varying Delay using the Delta Operator
LQG Control of Linear Systems with Network-Induced Varying Delay using the Delta Operator Masakazu be represented as a linear delay- depending feedback from the state and the previous control signal. Finally control of linear systems with long random time delays in delta domain is proposed in [22]. By using
Impulsive observer-based control for linear systems using irregularly sampled measurements
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Impulsive observer-based control for linear systems using irregularly sampled measurements Y linear state feedback controller and an impulsive observer to provide an estimate the non-measured states, which are subsequently fed back in the control algorithm. We consider linear systems that can
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
ON LOCAL LINEARIZATION OF CONTROL SYSTEMS LAURENT BARATCHART AND JEAN-BAPTISTE POMET INRIA, B.P. firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract. We consider the problem of topological linearization of smooth (C or C) control systems, i u IRm , to be locally smoothly linearizable, i.e. locally equivalent to a control- lable linear
Offset-free control of constrained linear discrete-time systems subject to persistent
Cambridge, University of
Offset-free control of constrained linear discrete-time systems subject to persistent unmeasured-free control of constrained linear discrete-time systems subject to persistent unmeasured disturbances Gabriele Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR.466 September 10, 2003 #12;#12;Offset-free control of constrained linear
Event-triggered control with LQ optimality guarantees for saturated linear systems
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Event-triggered control with LQ optimality guarantees for saturated linear systems A. Seuret , C of the domain of attraction. Keywords: event-based control, input saturation, linear quadratic performance 1 with event-triggered control algorithms for linear systems subject to plant input saturation. Hence, given
A General Result on the Stabilization of Linear Systems Using Bounded Controls1
Sontag, Eduardo
A General Result on the Stabilization of Linear Systems Using Bounded Controls1 H´ector J. Sussmann that globally stabilize linear systems subject to control saturation. We allow essentially arbitrary saturation- braic) linear control theory, but are ubiquitous in control applications. To quote the recent textbook
Issues in the design of switched linear control systems: A benchmark study
Duffy, Ken
Issues in the design of switched linear control systems: A benchmark study Douglas Leith, Robert a tutorial overview of some of the issues that arise in the design of switched linear control systems, and issues concerning the realisation of switched linear controllers (and the associated transient response
Design of piecewise linear hybrid dynamical systems using a control regulator approach
Antsaklis, Panos
Design of piecewise linear hybrid dynamical systems using a control regulator approach X This paper presents a novel framework for hierarchical control of piecewise linear hybrid dynamical systems the continuous and the discrete part is defined by piecewise linear maps. Control design is formulated
Control of linear systems subject to input constraints: a polynomial approach. \\Lambda
Henrion, Didier
rely on the extended Farkas lemma [14], linear programming [32, 9], eigenstructure assignment [8, 9Control of linear systems subject to input constraints: a polynomial approach. \\Lambda Didier Republic Abstract A polynomial approach is pursued for locally stabilizing discretetime linear systems
Resource analysis of the quantum linear system algorithm
Artur Scherer; Benoît Valiron; Siun-Chuon Mau; Scott Alexander; Eric van den Berg; Thomas E. Chapuran
We provide a detailed estimate for the logical resource requirements of the quantum linear system algorithm (QLSA) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 150502 (2009)] including the recently described generalization [Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 250504 (2013)]. Our resource estimates are based on the standard quantum-circuit model of quantum computation; they comprise circuit width, circuit depth, the number of qubits and ancilla qubits employed, and the overall number of elementary quantum gate operations as well as more specific gate counts for each elementary fault-tolerant gate from the standard set {X, Y, Z, H, S, T, CNOT}. To perform these estimates, we used an approach that combines manual analysis with automated estimates generated via the Quipper quantum programming language and compiler. Our estimates pertain to the example problem size N=332,020,680 beyond which, according to a crude big-O complexity comparison, QLSA is expected to run faster than the best known classical linear-system solving algorithm. For this problem size, a desired calculation accuracy 0.01 requires an approximate circuit width 340 and circuit depth of order $10^{25}$ if oracle costs are excluded, and a circuit width and depth of order $10^8$ and $10^{29}$, respectively, if oracle costs are included, indicating that the commonly ignored oracle resources are considerable. In addition to providing detailed logical resource estimates, it is also the purpose of this paper to demonstrate explicitly how these impressively large numbers arise with an actual circuit implementation of a quantum algorithm. While our estimates may prove to be conservative as more efficient advanced quantum-computation techniques are developed, they nevertheless provide a valid baseline for research targeting a reduction of the resource requirements, implying that a reduction by many orders of magnitude is necessary for the algorithm to become practical.
H-Infinity Control of Linear Quantum Stochastic Systems
M. R. James; H. I. Nurdin; I. R. Petersen
The purpose of this paper is to formulate and solve a H-infinity controller synthesis problem for a class of non-commutative linear stochastic systems which includes many examples of interest in quantum technology. The paper includes results on the class of such systems for which the quantum commutation relations are preserved (such a requirement must be satisfied in a physical quantum system). A quantum version of standard (classical) dissipativity results are presented and from this a quantum version of the Strict Bounded Real Lemma is derived. This enables a quantum version of the two Riccati solution to the H-infinity control problem to be presented. This result leads to controllers which may be realized using purely quantum, purely classical or a mixture of quantum and classical elements. This issue of physical realizability of the controller is examined in detail, and necessary and sufficient conditions are given. Our results are constructive in the sense that we provide explicit formulas for the Hamiltonian function and coupling operator corresponding to the controller.
Power Optimization in Programmable Processors and ASIC Implementations of Linear Systems: Transformation-based Approach
Potkonjak, Miodrag
Power Optimization in Programmable Processors and ASIC Implementations of Linear Systems and communications. We introduce two approaches for power minimization in linear computations using transformations: Transformation-based Approach Mani Srivastava Miodrag Potkonjak AT&T Bell Laboratories Computer Science
Homogeneous piecewise polynomial Lyapunov function for robust stability of uncertain piecewise linear system
BenAbdallah, Abdallah [Institut superieur d'informatique et multimedia de Sfax BP 242-3021 (Tunisia); Hammami, Mohamed Ali [Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, BP 802-3018 Sfax (Tunisia); Kallel, Jalel [Institut preparatoire aux etudes d'ingenieurs de Sfax BP 1172-3018 (Tunisia)
In this paper we present some sufficient conditions for the robust stability and stabilization of time invariant uncertain piecewise linear system using homogenous piecewise polynomial Lyapunov function. The proposed conditions are given in terms of linear matrix inequalities which can be numerically solved. An application of the obtained result is given. It consists in resolving the stabilization of piecewise uncertain linear control systems by using a state piecewise linear feedback.
2-D linear motion system. Innovative technology summary report
The US Department of Energy's (DOE's) nuclear facility decontamination and decommissioning (D and D) program requires buildings to be decontaminated, decommissioned, and surveyed for radiological contamination in an expeditious and cost-effective manner. Simultaneously, the health and safety of personnel involved in the D and D activities is of primary concern. D and D workers must perform duties high off the ground, requiring the use of manlifts or scaffolding, often, in radiologically or chemically contaminated areas or in areas with limited access. Survey and decontamination instruments that are used are sometimes heavy or awkward to use, particularly when the worker is operating from a manlift or scaffolding. Finding alternative methods of performing such work on manlifts or scaffolding is important. The 2-D Linear Motion System (2-D LMS), also known as the Wall Walker{trademark}, is designed to remotely position tools and instruments on walls for use in such activities as radiation surveys, decontamination, and painting. Traditional (baseline) methods for operating equipment for these tasks require workers to perform duties on elevated platforms, sometimes several meters above the ground surface and near potential sources of contamination. The Wall Walker 2-D LMS significantly improves health and safety conditions by facilitating remote operation of equipment. The Wall Walker 2-D LMS performed well in a demonstration of its precision, accuracy, maneuverability, payload capacity, and ease of use. Thus, this innovative technology is demonstrated to be a viable alternative to standard methods of performing work on large, high walls, especially those that have potential contamination concerns. The Wall Walker was used to perform a final release radiological survey on over 167 m{sup 2} of walls. In this application, surveying using a traditional (baseline) method that employs an aerial lift for manual access was 64% of the total cost of the improved technology. However, for areas over approximately 600 m{sup 2}, the Wall Walker would cost less than the baseline. Using the Wall Walker 2-D LMS, ALARA exposure and worker safety is improved, and there is potential for increased productivity. This innovative technology performed better than the baseline by providing real-time monitoring of the tool or instrument position. Also, the Wall Walker 2-D LMS can traverse any two-dimensional path at constant speeds of up to 18.3 linear meters per minute (60 linear feet per minute). The survey production rate for the innovative technology was about 0.6 m{sup 2}/min (6 ft{sup 2}/min); the baseline production rate was approximately 0.3 m{sup 2}/min (3 ft{sup 2}/min), using the same surveying instrument and maximum scanning rate.
Interconnected Automata and Linear Systems: A Theoretical Framework in Discrete-Time
Sontag, Eduardo
the power of hybrid systems may be exhibited in this context: · As models of systems to be controlled: one ranging from aerospace to automotive control. Linear systems provide highly accurate models of many Systems Linear control theory is well-developed and highly sophisticated, and is widely applied in areas
Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts-Amherst Concentration in Building Systems 1
Schweik, Charles M.
systems but encompasses specialized training in fields such as green building, structural timber design sensitive building materials & systems (green building); wood-concrete composite systems; innovative in Building Systems 1 Environmental Conservation Graduate Program Building Systems Concentration A
Lazy learning indirect control for discrete-time non-linear systems Gianluca Bontempi, Mauro Birattari
Bontempi, Gianluca
Lazy learning indirect control for discrete-time non-linear systems Gianluca Bontempi, Mauro propose a hybrid architecture for the indirect control of non linear discrete time plants from of the resulting controller in a simplified case. Experimental results in the control of some non linear benchmarks
Hierarchical Design of Piecewise Linear Hybrid Dynamical Systems Using a Control Regulator Approach
Koutsoukos, Xenofon D.
Hierarchical Design of Piecewise Linear Hybrid Dynamical Systems Using a Control Regulator Approach.edu Abstract This paper presents a novel framework for hierarchical control of piecewise linear hybrid between the continuous and the discrete part is defined by piecewise linear maps. Control design is for
Linear Control of Nonlinear Systems The Interplay between Nonlinearity and Feedback
Nikolaou, Michael
1 Linear Control of Nonlinear Systems The Interplay between Nonlinearity and Feedback S. Alper computational methodology that addresses the question of when and what linear control is adequate linear and/or b. the controlled process will be operating closely enough to a steady state for its
On the Stabilisation of Linear Unstable Systems with Control Constraints y
Braslavsky, Julio H.
On the Stabilisation of Linear Unstable Systems with Control Constraints y J. H. Braslavsky and R, and another using any standard linear controller design. A switching strategy, with hysteresis, is suggested so that locally, the linear control behaviour is achieved, but nonlocally, the maximal possible
Stochastic study of a non-linear self-excited system with E. Sarrouya,
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
changes) using MEgPC for a system with dry friction when one parameter (the friction coefficient) variesStochastic study of a non-linear self-excited system with friction E. Sarrouya, , O. Dessombza , J on the Polynomial Chaos to carry out the stochastic study of a self-excited non-linear system with friction which
On the Parameter Estimation of Linear Models of Aggregate Power System Loads
Cańizares, Claudio A.
1 On the Parameter Estimation of Linear Models of Aggregate Power System Loads Valery Knyazkin-- This paper addressed some theoretical and practical issues relevant to the problem of power system load, and the corresponding results are used to validate a commonly used linear model of aggre- gate power system load
A linear theory for control of non-linear stochastic systems
H. J. Kappen
We address the role of noise and the issue of efficient computation in stochastic optimal control problems. We consider a class of non-linear control problems that can be formulated as a path integral and where the noise plays the role of temperature. The path integral displays symmetry breaking and there exist a critical noise value that separates regimes where optimal control yields qualitatively different solutions. The path integral can be computed efficiently by Monte Carlo integration or by Laplace approximation, and can therefore be used to solve high dimensional stochastic control problems.
Design of penalty functions for optimal control of linear dynamical systems under state and input constraints
Design of penalty functions for optimal control of linear dynamical systems under state and input of solving a constrained optimal control for a general single-input single output linear time varying system dimensional (functional optimization) case. The main novelty is that both the bounds on the control variable
Cox, Steven J.
A LYAPUNOV FUNCTION FOR SYSTEMS WHOSE LINEAR PART IS ALMOST CLASSICALLY DAMPED Steven J. Coxy) Spain Abstract: We show that one may construct a Lyapunov function for any classically damped linear system. The explicit nature of the construction permits us to show that it remains a Lyapunov function
1486 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL, VOL. 51, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2006 Accessibility of Switched Linear Systems
Wang, Yuan
the controllability of switched linear sys- tems. The structure of accessibility Lie algebra is revealed. Some accessi or normal) controllability of a large class of switched linear systems are obtained. Index Terms--Accessibility, controllability, Lie algebra, switched linear system. I. INTRODUCTION Consider a switched linear system _x(t) = A
Stability Analysis of Hybrid Systems with a Linear Performance Index Frank J. Christophersen, Mato Baotic, and Manfred Morari
Sontag, Eduardo
optimal control (CFTOC) problem for the class of discrete-time linear hybrid systems. For a linear control (CITOC) problem with linear performance index for constrained PWA systems was recently presentedStability Analysis of Hybrid Systems with a Linear Performance Index Frank J. Christophersen, Mato
Adapted from EE363: Linear Dynamical Systems, Winter 2005-2006 Stephen Boyd -Stanford University The Kalman filter
Wehenkel, Louis
Lecture 7 The Kalman filter · Linear system driven by stochastic process · Statistical steady-state · Linear Gauss-Markov model · Kalman filter · Steady-state Kalman filter 71 #12;Linear system driven.e., the means propagate by the same linear dynamical system The Kalman filter 72 #12;now let's consider
Not Available
Selected specifications from sixteen concentrating collector manufacturers are tabulated. Eleven are linear parabolic trough collectors, and the others include slats, cylindrical trough, linear Fresnel lens, parabolic cylindrical Fresnel lens, and two point focus parabolic dish collectors. Also included is a brief discussion of the operating temperatures and other design considerations for concentrating collectors. (LEW)
Magneto-optical granulometry: on the determination of the statistics of magnetically induced particle chains in concentrated ferrofluids from linear dichroism experiments
V. Socoliuc; L. B. Popescu
An analytical theoretical model for the influence of the magnetically induced nanoparticle chaining on the linear dichroism in ferrofluids was developed. The model is based on a statistical theory for magnetic nanoparticle chaining in ferrofluids. Together with appropriate experimental approach and data processing strategy, the model grounds a magneto-optical granulometry method able to determine the magnetic field dependence of the statistics of magnetically induced particle chains in concentrated ferrofluids.
Chaos synchronization of the master-slave generalized Lorenz systems via linear state error feedback control
Xiaofeng Wu; Guanrong Chen; Jianping Cai
This paper provides a unified method for analyzing chaos synchronization of the generalized Lorenz systems. The considered synchronization scheme consists of identical master and slave generalized Lorenz systems coupled by linear state error variables. A sufficient synchronization criterion for a general linear state error feedback controller is rigorously proven by means of linearization and Lyapunov's direct methods. When a simple linear controller is used in the scheme, some easily implemented algebraic synchronization conditions are derived based on the upper and lower bounds of the master chaotic system. These criteria are further optimized to improve their sharpness. The optimized criteria are then applied to four typical generalized Lorenz systems, i.e. the classical Lorenz system, the Chen system, the Lv system and a unified chaotic system, obtaining precise corresponding synchronization conditions. The advantages of the new criteria are revealed by analytically and numerically comparing their sharpness with that of the known criteria existing in the literature.
NREL: Concentrating Solar Power Research - 2014 Energy Systems...
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
2014 Energy Systems Integration Facility Annual Report Available for Download February 13, 2015 The 2014 Energy Systems Integration Facility (ESIF) Annual Report is now available...
arXiv:quant-ph/0104054v58Jun2004 Entanglement Concentration of Individual Photon Pairs via Linear Optical Logic
Texas at Austin. University of
Optical Logic Chuanwei Zhang Department of Physics and Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, The University polarization-entangled state of individual photon pairs. The scheme uses only simple linear optical elements and may be feasible within current optical technology. PACS numbers: 03.67.-a, 03.65.Bz, 42.50.-p, 89.70+c
Selection of Output Function in Nonlinear Feedback Linearizing Excitation Control for Power Systems
Pota, Himanshu Roy
Selection of Output Function in Nonlinear Feedback Linearizing Excitation Control for Power Systems for power systems. Depending on the relative degree of the system which depends on the output function Power systems are large, complex, and highly nonlinear interconnected dynamic systems. The power demand
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
with. Comparing tracking solar CHP systems to stationary PVratios of tracking collector solar CHP to stationary PV isprovided by a tracking concentrating solar collector, water
Manufacturing injection-moleded Fresnel lens parquets for point-focus concentrating photovoltaic systems
Peters, E.M.; Masso, J.D. [AOtec, Southbridge, MA (United States)
This project involved the manufacturing of curved-faceted, injection-molded, four-element Fresnel lens parquets for concentrating photovoltaic arrays. Previous efforts showed that high-efficiency (greater than 82%) Fresnel concentrators could be injection molded. This report encompasses the mold design, molding, and physical testing of a four-lens parquet for a solar photovoltaic concentrator system.
Durability of Polymeric Encapsulation Materials for Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems (Poster)
Miller, D. C.; Kempe, M. D.; Araki, K.; Kennedy, C. E.; Kurtz, S. R.
Polymeric encapsulation materials are typically used in concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) modules to protect the cell from the field environment. Because it is physically located adjacent to the cell, the encapsulation is exposed to a high optical flux, often including light in the ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) wavelengths. The durability of encapsulants used in CPV modules is critical to the technology, but is presently not well understood. This work seeks to identify the appropriate material types, field-induced failure mechanisms, and factors of influence (if possible) of polymeric encapsulation. These results will ultimately be weighed against those of future qualification and accelerated life test procedures.
Concentrating Solar Power Thermal Storage System Basics | Department of
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page onYouTube YouTube Note: Since the YouTube platformBuildingCoalComplex Flow Workshop ReportJungle |Energy Concentrating
Optimal Controllers for Hybrid Systems: Stability and Piecewise Linear Explicit Form
Sontag, Eduardo
of the heat exchange system [16] shows the potential of the method. Keywords: Hybrid systems, model predictiveOptimal Controllers for Hybrid Systems: Stability and Piecewise Linear Explicit Form A. Bemporad for hybrid sys- tems and investigate conditions for closed-loop stabil- ity. Hybrid systems are modeled
System for concentrating and analyzing particles suspended in a fluid
Fiechtner, Gregory J. (Bethesda, MD); Cummings, Eric B. (Livermore, CA); Singh, Anup K. (Danville, CA)
Disclosed is a device for separating and concentrating particles suspended in a fluid stream by using dielectrophoresis (DEP) to trap and/or deflect those particles as they migrate through a fluid channel. The method uses fluid channels designed to constrain a liquid flowing through it to uniform electrokinetic flow velocities. This behavior is achieved by connecting deep and shallow sections of channels, with the channel depth varying abruptly along an interface. By careful design of abrupt changes in specific permeability at the interface, an abrupt and spatially uniform change in electrokinetic force can be selected. Because these abrupt interfaces also cause a sharp gradient in applied electric fields, a DEP force also can be established along the interface. Depending on the complex conductivity of the suspended particles and the immersion liquid, the DEP force can controllably complement or oppose the local electrokinetic force transporting the fluid through the channel allowing for manipulation of particles suspended in the transporting liquid.
Performance Limitations of Linear Systems over Additive White Noise Channels
Li, Yiqian
Control over additive white noise channels . . . . . . . 1.3Additive white noise channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Angaussian systems over additive gaussian wireles fading
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
California at Berkeley, University of
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System Callaway Spring 2011 #12;Abstract A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar a leading choice for DCS-CHP systems, if operation on steam is successful and reliability issues can
13th International Conference on Magnetically Levitated Systems and Linear Drives
Not Available
This report contains short papers on research being conducted throughout the world on magnetically levitated systems, mainly consisting of trains, and magnetic linear drives. These papers have been index separately elsewhere on the data base.
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
continuous functions with zero average typically satisfy the central limit theorem, and grow like n in [CG12, MT12b], all results described here pass over to the situation of invertible systems and flows. The research of IM was supported in part by the European Advanced Grant StochExtHomog (ERC AdG 320977). 1 hal
Infinite Time Optimal Control of Hybrid Systems with a Linear Performance Index Mato Baotic, Frank J. Christophersen, and Manfred Morari
Sontag, Eduardo
Infinite Time Optimal Control of Hybrid Systems with a Linear Performance Index Mato Baoti´c, Frank the constrained infinite time optimal control problem for the class of discrete time linear hybrid systems. When time, optimal control, discrete time, linear hybrid systems, dynamic program- ming, multi
Controllability of a class of networked passive linear systems Bart Besselink, Henrik Sandberg, Karl Henrik Johansson, Jun-ichi Imura
Johansson, Karl Henrik
Controllability of a class of networked passive linear systems Bart Besselink, Henrik Sandberg- works of diffusively coupled linear systems are considered through the controllability Gramian. For a class of passive linear systems, it is shown that the controllability Gramian can be decomposed into two
A Linear Programming Approach to Time Optimal Control of Integrator Switched Systems with State Constraints
Antsaklis, Panos
A Linear Programming Approach to Time Optimal Control of Integrator Switched Systems with State, USA Abstract-- In this paper, time optimal control problems of a class of integrator switched systems Recently, optimal control problems of switched and hybrid systems have attracted many researchers from
Optimal Control of Discrete-Time Linear Systems with Network-Induced Varying Delay
importance in modern systems applications. However, most traditional digital control and algorithmsOptimal Control of Discrete-Time Linear Systems with Network-Induced Varying Delay Hiroyuki Hirano for networked control systems, that have network induced time delay in the communication networks. In our
Distributed state estimation and model predictive control of linear interconnected system
Boyer, Edmond
requirements, modern control systems are becoming more and more complex. For these processes, different controlDistributed state estimation and model predictive control of linear interconnected system: In this paper, a distributed and networked control system architecture based on independent Model Predictive
Nonlinear Excitation Control of Power Systems with Dynamic Loads via Feedback Linearization
Pota, Himanshu Roy
Nonlinear Excitation Control of Power Systems with Dynamic Loads via Feedback Linearization M. A.Pota)@adfa.edu.au Abstract--This paper presents a nonlinear control design method for interconnected power systems points. I. INTRODUCTION Control of modern electric power systems becomes more and more challenging
Phase and amplitude control system for Stanford Linear Accelerator
Yoo, S.J.
The computer controlled phase and amplitude detection system measures the instantaneous phase and amplitude of a 1 micro-second 2856 MHz rf pulse at a 180 Hz rate. This will be used for phase feedback control, and also for phase and amplitude jitter measurement. The program, which was originally written by John Fox and Keith Jobe, has been modified to improve the function of the system. The software algorithms used in the measurement are described, as is the performance of the prototype phase and amplitude detector system.
Solving systems of linear equations using a grid structural outlook
Awwad, A.M.; Al-Ayyoub, A.; Ould-Khaoua, M.
Awwad,A.M. Al-Ayyoub,A. Ould-Khaoua,M. Day,K. Proceedings 13th IASTED International Conference Parallel and Distributed Computing and Systems (PDCS 2001), Anaheim, California, August 21-24, 2001. pp 365-369 CSREA Press
Linear Sum Assignment Algorithms for Distributed Multi-robot Systems
Liu, Lantao
Multi-robot task assignment (allocation) involves assigning robots to tasks in order to optimize the entire team's performances. Until now, one of the most useful non-domain-specific ways to coordinate multi-robot systems is through task allocation...
Amesos2 and Belos: Direct and Iterative Solvers for Large Sparse Linear Systems
DOE Public Access Gateway for Energy & Science Beta (PAGES Beta)
Bavier, Eric; Hoemmen, Mark; Rajamanickam, Sivasankaran; Thornquist, Heidi
Solvers for large sparse linear systems come in two categories: direct and iterative. Amesos2, a package in the Trilinos software project, provides direct methods, and Belos, another Trilinos package, provides iterative methods. Amesos2 offers a common interface to many different sparse matrix factorization codes, and can handle any implementation of sparse matrices and vectors, via an easy-to-extend C++ traits interface. It can also factor matrices whose entries have arbitrary "Scalar" type, enabling extended-precision and mixed-precision algorithms. Belos includes many different iterative methods for solving large sparse linear systems and least-squares problems. Unlike competing iterative solver libraries, Belos completely decouples themore »algorithms from the implementations of the underlying linear algebra objects. This lets Belos exploit the latest hardware without changes to the code. Belos favors algorithms that solve higher-level problems, such as multiple simultaneous linear systems and sequences of related linear systems, faster than standard algorithms. The package also supports extended-precision and mixed-precision algorithms. Together, Amesos2 and Belos form a complete suite of sparse linear solvers.« less
Tuning the plasmon energy of Palladium-Hydrogen systems by varying the Hydrogen concentration
Muiño, Ricardo DĂez
Tuning the plasmon energy of Palladium-Hydrogen systems by varying the Hydrogen concentration V M of the resonance energy on the hydrogen concentration is roughly similar to that in bulk. PACS numbers: 71.20.Be on hydrogen uptake used in Reference [8] seems well grounded [10], there is no theoretical support for its
Kawashima, Shuichi
to the following nonlinear second order hyperbolic system: utt - n j=1 bj (xu)xj + n j,k=1 Kjk uxjxk + Lut = 0. (1-vector functions of v = (v1, . . . , vn) Rmn where vj Rm corresponds to uxj ; Kjk (t) are smooth m Ă? m real matrix functions of t 0 satisfying Kjk (t)T = Kkj (t) for each j, k and t; L is an m Ă? m real symmetric
Synthesis of controllers for prespecified performance in linear uncertain systems
Franchek, Matthew Albert
is not contradictory to the idea of optimal control design since the higher fre- quency dynamics unnecessarily suppressed by control effort are now naturally rejected by the augmented system bandwidth allowing sll of the control ef- fort to reject the real... 10. 12. 13. 15. 17. Performance Regions in a Bode Plot Time Domain Bounds on a Step Reference Straight Line Approximation of the Lower Target Bound Straight Line Approximation of the Upper Target Bound Real Term as a Function oi...
Integrated Direct/Indirect Adaptive Robust Precision Control of Linear Motor Drive Systems with Accurate Parameter Estimates
Yao, Bin
Integrated Direct/Indirect Adaptive Robust Precision Control of Linear Motor Drive Systems The focus of the paper is on the synthesis of nonlinear adaptive robust controllers for precision linear control of linear motor drive systems but with an improved estimation model, in which accurate parameter
Optimization of linear systems of constrained configuration Reprinted from: INT. J. CONTROL, 1970, VOL. 11, NO. 3, 409-421
Jameson, Antony
Optimization of linear systems of constrained configuration Reprinted from: INT. J. CONTROL, 1970-developed theory for the optimal regulation of a linear system [1]. The optimal controller incorporates feedbacks, the lateral motion of an aircraft is represented by a linearized equations, the resulting optimal control
Linear hydraulic drive system for a Stirling engine
Walsh, Michael M. (Schenectady, NY)
A hydraulic drive system operating from the periodic pressure wave produced by a Stirling engine along a first axis thereof and effecting transfer of power from the Stirling engine to a load apparatus therefor and wherein the movable, or working member of the load apparatus is reciprocatingly driven along an axis substantially at right angles to the first axis to achieve an arrangement of a Stirling engine and load apparatus assembly which is much shorter and the components of the load apparatus more readily accessible.
Environmental Assessment and Metrics for Solar: Case Study of SolFocus Solar Concentrator Systems
Reich-Weiser, Corinne; Dornfeld, David; Horne, Steve
Greenhouse gas analysis of solar-thermal electricity gen-CdTe Concentrator PV Solar Thermal Wind Coal CC Gas Turbinefor the assessment of thermal solar systems," Proceedings of
Systems analysis of the CO[subscript 2] concentrating mechanism in cyanobacteria
Mangan, Niall Mari
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic bacteria with a unique CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM), enhancing carbon fixation. Understanding the CCM requires a systems level perspective of how molecular components work together to ...
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
to be more suited to solar thermal energy sources. Airunit of solar thermal and solar electric energy from a DCS-concentrating solar systems is indeed thermal energy. There
A single-particle characterisation of a mobile Versatile Aerosol Concentration Enrichment System for exposure studies
Freney, Evelyn; Heal, Mathew R; Donovan, Robert J; Mills, Nicholas; Newby, David; Donaldson, Ken; Fokkens, Paul; Cassee, Flemming
Enrichment System (VACES) contained within the Mobile Ambient Particle Concentrator Exposure Laboratory (MAPCEL). The data were collected during a study of human exposure to CAPs, in Edinburgh (UK), in February-March 2004. The air flow prior to, and post...
Cryogenic system for the MYRRHA superconducting linear accelerator
Chevalier, Nicolas R.; Junquera, Tomas [Accelerators and Cryogenic Systems, 86, rue de Paris, 91400 Orsay (France); Thermeau, Jean-Pierre [Institut de Physique Nucléaire, Université Paris Sud, 91400 Orsay (France); Romăo, Luis Medeiros; Vandeplassche, Dirk [SCK-CEN, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol (Belgium)
SCK?CEN, the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, is designing MYRRHA, a flexible fast spectrum research reactor (80 MW{sub th}), conceived as an accelerator driven system (ADS), able to operate in sub-critical and critical modes. It contains a continuous-wave (CW) superconducting (SC) proton accelerator of 600 MeV, a spallation target and a multiplying core with MOX fuel, cooled by liquid lead-bismuth (Pb-Bi). From 17 MeV onward, the SC accelerator will consist of 48 ?=0.36 spoke-loaded cavities (352 MHz), 34 ?=0.47 elliptical cavities (704 MHz) and 60 ?=0.65 elliptical cavities (704 MHz). We present an analysis of the thermal loads and of the optimal operating temperature of the cryogenic system. In particular, the low operating frequency of spoke cavities makes their operation in CW mode possible both at 4.2 K or at 2 K. Our analysis outlines the main factors that determine at what temperature the spoke cavities should be operated. We then present different cryogenic fluid distribution schemes, important characteristics (storage, transfer line, etc.) and the main challenges offered by MYRRHA in terms of cryogenics.
LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH SIGNOBSERVATIONS \\Lambda EE SCHWARZSCHILD AND EDUARDO D. SONTAG y
Sontag, Eduardo
of symbolic processing. Classical control techniques, especially for linear systems, have proved spec for the resulting models. Successful approaches will eventually allow the interplay of modern control theory into areas such as discreteÂevent systems, supervisory control, and more generally ``intelligent control
The Solution of Systems of Linear Equations using the Conjugate Gradient Method
Schneider, Jean-Guy
The Solution of Systems of Linear Equations using the Conjugate Gradient Method on the Parallel gradient solver on the SPMDprogrammable MUSICsystem. We outline the conjugate gradient method, giveassociativity of the floating point addition. We investi gate the speed of convergence of the conjugate gradient method
Application of local area networks to accelerator control systems at the Stanford Linear Accelerator
Fox, J.D.; Linstadt, E.; Melen, R.
The history and current status of SLAC's SDLC networks for distributed accelerator control systems are discussed. These local area networks have been used for instrumentation and control of the linear accelerator. Network topologies, protocols, physical links, and logical interconnections are discussed for specific applications in distributed data acquisition and control system, computer networks and accelerator operations.
Application of local area networks to accelerator control systems at the Stanford linear accelerator
Fox, J.D.; Linstadt, E.; Melen, R.
The history and current status of SLAC's SDLC networks for distributed accelerator control systems are discussed. These local area networks have been used for instrumentation and control of the linear accelerator. Network topologies, protocols, physical links, and logical interconnections are discussed for specific applications in distributed data acquisition and control systems, computer networks and accelerator operations.
Back to the Roots From Polynomial System Solving to Linear Algebra
Back to the Roots  From Polynomial System Solving to Linear Algebra Philippe Dreesen Bart De Moor systems of polynomial equations have been developed in the area of algebraic geometry. A large body in this research area require exact algebraic computations and suffer from numerical issues. We present a method
Design of coherent quantum observers for linear quantum systems
Shanon L. Vuglar; Hadis Amini
Quantum versions of control problems are often more difficult than their classical counterparts because of the additional constraints imposed by quantum dynamics. For example, the quantum LQG and quantum H infinity optimal control problems remain open. To make further progress, new, systematic and tractable methods need to be developed. This paper gives three algorithms for designing coherent observers, i.e., quantum systems that are connected to a quantum plant and their outputs provide information about the internal state of the plant. Importantly, coherent observers avoid measurements of the plant outputs. We compare our coherent observers with a classical (measurement-based) observer by way of an example involving an optical cavity with thermal and vacuum noises as inputs.
Solar receiver heliostat reflector having a linear drive and position information system
Horton, Richard H. (Schenectady, NY)
A heliostat for a solar receiver system comprises an improved drive and control system for the heliostat reflector assembly. The heliostat reflector assembly is controllably driven in a predetermined way by a light-weight drive system so as to be angularly adjustable in both elevation and azimuth to track the sun and efficiently continuously reflect the sun's rays to a focal zone, i.e., heat receiver, which forms part of a solar energy utilization system, such as a solar energy fueled electrical power generation system. The improved drive system includes linear stepping motors which comprise low weight, low cost, electronic pulse driven components. One embodiment comprises linear stepping motors controlled by a programmed, electronic microprocessor. Another embodiment comprises a tape driven system controlled by a position control magnetic tape.
Research and Development for Novel Thermal Energy Storage Systems (TES) for Concentrating Solar Power (CSP)
Faghri, Amir; Bergman, Theodore L; Pitchumani, Ranga
The overall objective was to develop innovative heat transfer devices and methodologies for novel thermal energy storage systems for concentrating solar power generation involving phase change materials (PCMs). Specific objectives included embedding thermosyphons and/or heat pipes (TS/HPs) within appropriate phase change materials to significantly reduce thermal resistances within the thermal energy storage system of a large-scale concentrating solar power plant and, in turn, improve performance of the plant. Experimental, system level and detailed comprehensive modeling approaches were taken to investigate the effect of adding TS/HPs on the performance of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems.
On the Control of Jump Linear Markov Systems with Markov State Vijay Gupta, Richard M. Murray and Babak Hassibi
Murray, Richard M.
On the Control of Jump Linear Markov Systems with Markov State Estimation Vijay Gupta, Richard M of such a system and also solve the optimal LQR control problem for the case when the state estimate update uses. As an example of how jump linear Markov systems might be useful to model systems being controlled over a network
Lyapunov Functions in Piecewise Linear Systems: From Fixed Point to Limit Cycle
Yian Ma; Ruoshi Yuan; Yang Li; Ping Ao; Bo Yuan
This paper provides a first example of constructing Lyapunov functions in a class of piecewise linear systems with limit cycles. The method of construction helps analyze and control complex oscillating systems through novel geometric means. Special attention is stressed upon a problem not formerly solved: to impose consistent boundary conditions on the Lyapunov function in each linear region. By successfully solving the problem, the authors construct continuous Lyapunov functions in the whole state space. It is further demonstrated that the Lyapunov functions constructed explain for the different bifurcations leading to the emergence of limit cycle oscillation.
Effects of time delay in feedback control of linear quantum systems
Kazunori Nishio; Kenji Kashima; Jun-ichi Imura
We investigate feedback control of linear quantum systems subject to feedback-loop time delays. In particular, we examine the relation between the potentially achievable control performance and the time delays, and provide theoretical guidelines for the future experimental setup in two physical systems, which are typical in this research field. The evaluation criterion for the analysis is given by the optimal control performance formula, the derivation of which is from the classical control theoretic results about the input-output delay systems.
Jan Sieber and Bernd Krauskopf (Bristol Centre for Applied Nonlinear Mathematics) Chaos induced by delay in a linearly controlled system
Mumby, Peter J.
by delay in a linearly controlled system Outline Sketch of modelled setup t Chaos Bifurcation analysis of an inverted pendulum that is balanced with linear feedback control. References ( www.enm.bris.ac.uk/anm) J cos (t) ¨(t) = 2 3 L F where F is a delayed linear proportional- plus-derivative feedback control
DualSamplingRate Moving Horizon Control of a Class of Linear Systems with Input Saturation and Plant Uncertainty --
DualÂSamplingÂRate Moving Horizon Control of a Class of Linear Systems with Input SaturationÂsamplingÂrate moving horizon control scheme for a class of linear, continuousÂtime plants with strict input saturation, it is not computed by a simple linear feedback law, but as a solution of an optimal control problem. As a result
Dual-Sampling-Rate Moving Horizon Control of a Class of Linear Systems with Input Saturation and
Dual-Sampling-Rate Moving Horizon Control of a Class of Linear Systems with Input Saturation horizon control scheme for a class of linear, continuous-time plants with strict input saturation horizon control, robust, fast sampling, stability, linear sys- tems, input constraints 1 Introduction
Appeared in: IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information. 12, 207-217, 1995. Linearized Control Systems
Kaya, Yalcin
Appeared in: IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information. 12, 207-217, 1995. Linearized a practice to design control laws. In this paper, an analysis is given involving linear approxima- tion-time reachable sets of the nonlinear control system and its linear approximation. Behaviour of the nonlinear
Optimized scalable stack of fluorescent solar concentrator systems with bifacial silicon solar cells
Martínez Díez, Ana Luisa, E-mail: email@example.com [Fundación ITMA, Parque Empresarial Principado de Asturias, C/Calafates, Parcela L-3.4, 33417 Avilés (Spain); Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg (Germany); Gutmann, Johannes; Posdziech, Janina; Rist, Tim; Goldschmidt, Jan Christoph [Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg (Germany); Plaza, David Gómez [Fundación ITMA, Parque Empresarial Principado de Asturias, C/Calafates, Parcela L-3.4, 33417 Avilés (Spain)
In this paper, we present a concentrator system based on a stack of fluorescent concentrators (FCs) and a bifacial solar cell. Coupling bifacial solar cells to a stack of FCs increases the performance of the system and preserves its efficiency when scaled. We used an approach to optimize a fluorescent solar concentrator system design based on a stack of multiple fluorescent concentrators (FC). Seven individual fluorescent collectors (20 mm×20 mm×2 mm) were realized by in-situ polymerization and optically characterized in regard to their ability to guide light to the edges. Then, an optimization procedure based on the experimental data of the individual FCs was carried out to determine the stack configuration that maximizes the total number of photons leaving edges. Finally, two fluorescent concentrator systems were realized by attaching bifacial silicon solar cells to the optimized FC stacks: a conventional system, where FC were attached to one side of the solar cell as a reference, and the proposed bifacial configuration. It was found that for the same overall FC area, the bifacial configuration increases the short-circuit current by a factor of 2.2, which is also in agreement with theoretical considerations.
Photovoltaic conversion in a common solar concentrating and spectrally splitting system
Yehezkel, N.; Appelbaum, J. [Tel-Aviv Univ. (Israel). Faculty of Engineering; Yogev, A. [Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot (Israel)
Several solar energy conversion processes can be utilized simultaneously using a common solar collector if the solar radiation is appropriately spectrally split. A concentrating and splitting system based on a Cassegrainian design may be used for photovoltaic energy conversion nd simultaneously for an additional energy conversion process such as for laser pumping that requires concentration. The spectral splitting may be achieved by a dichroic mirror for the secondary mirror of the Cassegrain. This approach was realized to study solar cells at different concentration, solar spectrum and temperatures.
Photovoltaic concentrator initiative: Concentrator cell development
Wohlgemuth, J.H.; Narayanan, S. [Solarex Corp., Frederick, MD (US)
This project involves the development of a large-area, low-cost, high-efficiency concentrator solar cell for use in the Entech 22-sun linear-focus Fresnel lens concentrator system. The buried contact solar cell developed at the University of New South Wales was selected for this project. Both Entech and the University of New South Wales are subcontractors. This annual report presents the program efforts from November 1990 through December 1991, including the design of the cell, development of a baseline cell process, and presentation of the results of preliminary cell processing. Important results include a cell designed for operation in a real concentrator system and substitution of mechanical grooving for the previously utilized laser scribing.
mn header will be provided by the publisher Linear Passive Stationary Scattering Systems
Rovnyak, James
mn header will be provided by the publisher Linear Passive Stationary Scattering Systems 26, Odessa 65020, Ukraine 2 Department of Mathematics, University of Virginia, P. O. Box firstname.lastname@example.com Corresponding author: e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com e-mail: sergey email@example.com Copyright line
Nonparametric Stochastic Modeling Of Linear Systems With Pre-scribed Variance Of Several Natural Frequencies
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Nonparametric Stochastic Modeling Of Linear Systems With Pre- scribed Variance Of Several Natural of the inverse of the random matrix. The efficient simulation of sam- ples of random matrices according matrices, maximum entropy, probabilistic model 1 INTRODUCTION The stochastic modeling and simulation
Complex Non-Linear Modal Analysis for Mechanical Systems: Application to Turbomachinery Bladings With Friction
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
-conservative mechanical systems is proposed. In particular, dry-friction non-linearities are considered although degrees-of-freedom example featuring dry-friction illustrates the method and highlights the effects of a turbomachinery blade, with dry-friction interfaces is proposed. In the latter, an original framework
Observers for Nonlinear-Linear Cascade Systems Hvard Fjr Grip, Ali Saberi, and Tor A. Johansen
Johansen, Tor Arne
Observers for Nonlinear-Linear Cascade Systems Hĺvard Fjćr Grip, Ali Saberi, and Tor A. Johansen been Hĺvard Fjćr Grip and Ali Saberi are with the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science of Hĺvard Fjćr Grip is supported by the Research Council of Norway. The work of Ali Saberi is partially
On stabilization of linear systems with stochastic disturbances and input saturation
Sontag, Eduardo
Stoorvogel Siep Weiland Ali Saberi Abstract-- It is well-known that for linear systems internal asymptotic Saberi is with the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University Pullman, WA 99164-2752, U.S.A., Email: firstname.lastname@example.com The notion of global stabilization
Plug-and-play decentralized model predictive control for linear systems
Ferrari-Trecate, Giancarlo
1 Plug-and-play decentralized model predictive control for linear systems Stefano Riverso, Graduate to automatize the design of local controllers so that it can be carried out in parallel by smart actuators. In particular, local controllers exploit tube-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) in order to guarantee
Study of the non-linear dynamic response of a rotor system with faults and uncertainties
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
of the non-linear re- sponse in rotor systems with multi-faults (such as unbalance, asymmetric shaft, bow and Ferraris in fixed frame [10]. · The bow is an initial deformation of the rotor which can be caused) or all parts of the rotor (extended bow). Darpe [12] proposes to investigate the influence of a bow
The number of genotypic assignments on a genealogy II. Further results for linear systems
The number of genotypic assignments on a genealogy II. Further results for linear systems N. J known phenotypes could be calculated for an arbitrary genealogy. Here, we present further results for several regular genealogies constructed according to some specified recursive formulae and for which
Use of Linear Predictive Control for a Solar Electric Generating System
Wisconsin at Madison, University of
behavior can be used to design and operate plants. The solar power plant is characterized by significant1 Use of Linear Predictive Control for a Solar Electric Generating System Thorsten Stuetzle, Nathan Blair, William A. Beckman, John W. Mitchell Solar Energy Laboratory University of Wisconsin-Madison 1500
Linear Response Calculations of Lattice Dynamics in Strongly Correlated Systems S.Y. Savrasov
Savrasov, Sergej Y.
electronic structure calculations has already led to new insights in long-standing prob- lemsLinear Response Calculations of Lattice Dynamics in Strongly Correlated Systems S.Y. Savrasov electrons and the local density functional theory of electronic structure. We apply the method to study
Templates for the Solution of Linear Systems: Building Blocks for Iterative Methods 1
Mignotte, Max
Templates for the Solution of Linear Systems: Building Blocks for Iterative Methods 1 Richard of the Office of Energy Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DEÂAC05Â84OR21400, and the Stichting This book is also available in Postscript from over the Internet. To retrieve the postscript file you can
A Converse Lyapunov Theorem for Uncertain Switched Linear Systems Hai Lin and Panos J. Antsaklis
Antsaklis, Panos
A Converse Lyapunov Theorem for Uncertain Switched Linear Systems Hai Lin and Panos J. Antsaklis Abstract-- The main contribution of this paper is a converse Lyapunov theorem derived for a class switching laws implies the existence of a polyhedral Lyapunov function along with conic partition based
Standard Test Method for Electrical Performance of Concentrator Terrestrial Photovoltaic Modules and Systems Under Natural Sunlight
American Society for Testing and Materials. Philadelphia
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the electrical performance of photovoltaic concentrator modules and systems under natural sunlight using a normal incidence pyrheliometer. 1.2 The test method is limited to module assemblies and systems where the geometric concentration ratio specified by the manufacturer is greater than 5. 1.3 This test method applies to concentrators that use passive cooling where the cell temperature is related to the air temperature. 1.4 Measurements under a variety of conditions are allowed; results are reported under a select set of concentrator reporting conditions to facilitate comparison of results. 1.5 This test method applies only to concentrator terrestrial modules and systems. 1.6 This test method assumes that the module or system electrical performance characteristics do not change during the period of test. 1.7 The performance rating determined by this test method applies only at the period of the test, and implies no past or future performance level. 1.8...
Application of convolution theory for solving non-linear flow problems: gas flow systems
Mireles, Thomas Joseph
. . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3. 2. 1 Generalized Analytical Solution for Real Gas Systems . . . . . . . . 15 3. 2. 2 Dry Gas Material Balance Relations: P(tn) - g(u) Identity. . . . . . 16 3. 3 Functional and Numerical Data Models for the Non-Linear CHAPTER IV Component... of the functions. " By applying this theorem and taking the Laplace transform of the right hand side of Eq. 3. 1 (expressed by Eq. 3. 3), we obtain Eq. 3. 4. Q(ft * fj)(t)) = ft(u) g(u) . where the non-linear transform function is given as g(u) = X(g(t)) . (3...
Optimal steering of a linear stochastic system to a final probability distribution
Yongxin Chen; Tryphon Georgiou; Michele Pavon
We consider the problem to steer a linear dynamical system with full state observation from an initial gaussian distribution in state-space to a final one with minimum energy control. The system is stochastically driven through the control channels; an example for such a system is that of an inertial particle experiencing random "white noise" forcing. We show that a target probability distribution can always be achieved in finite time. The optimal control is given in state-feedback form and is computed explicitely by solving a pair of differential Lyapunov equations that are coupled through their boundary values. This result, given its attractive algorithmic nature, appears to have several potential applications such as to active control of nanomechanical systems and molecular cooling. The problem to steer a diffusion process between end-point marginals has a long history (Schr\\"odinger bridges) and therefore, the present case of steering a linear stochastic system constitutes a Schr\\"odinger bridge for possibly degenerate diffusions. Our results, however, provide the first implementable form of the optimal control for a general Gauss-Markov process. Illustrative examples of the optimal evolution and control for inertial particles and a stochastic oscillator are provided. A final result establishes directly the property of Schr\\"{o}dinger bridges as the most likely random evolution between given marginals to the present context of linear stochastic systems.
Coherent Feedback Control of Linear Quantum Optical Systems via Squeezing and Phase Shift
Guofeng Zhang; Heung Wing Joseph Lee; Bo Huang; Hu Zhang
The purpose of this paper is to present a theoretic and numerical study of utilizing squeezing and phase shift in coherent feedback control of linear quantum optical systems. A quadrature representation with built-in phase shifters is proposed for such systems. Fundamental structural characterizations of linear quantum optical systems are derived in terms of the new quadrature representation. These results reveal considerable insights of issue of physical realizability of such quantum systems. The problem of coherent quantum LQG feedback control studied in [35,50] is re-investigated in depth. Firstly, the optimization methods in [35,50] are extended to a multi-step optimization algorithm which utilizes ideal squeezers. Secondly, a two-stage optimization approach is proposed on the basis of controller parametrization. Numerical studies show that closed-loop systems designed via the second approach may offer LQG control performance even better than that when the closed-loop systems are in the vacuum state. When ideal squeezers in a close-loop system are replaced by (more realistic) degenerate parametric amplifiers, a sufficient condition is derived for the asymptotic stability of the resultant new closed-loop system; the issue of performance convergence is also discussed in the LQG control setting.
A Novel MagPipe Pipeline transportation system using linear motor drives
Fang, J.R.; Montgomery, D.B.; Roderick, L. [Magplane Technology Inc., Littleton, MA (United States)
A novel capsule pipeline transportation system using linear motor drives, called Magplane MagPipe, is under development with the intention to replace trucks and railways for hauling materials from the mine to the rail head, power plant, or processing plant with reduced operating cost and energy consumption. The initial demonstration of a MagPipe line in Inner Mongolia will be a 500-m-long double-pipe coal transport system with the design transportation capacity of 3 Mega-Mg per year. The pipeline consists of 6-m-long plastic pipe modules with an I-beam suspension system inside the pipe to carry sets of five coupled capsules. The pipe will also contain noncontinuous motor winding modules spaced at 50-m intervals. A set of Halbach-arrayed permanent magnets on the bottom of the capsules interact with the linear motor windings to provide propulsion. The motor is driven by variable frequency drives outside the pipe to control the speed. This paper briefly describes the overall MagPipe pipeline transportation system, including the preliminary conclusions of the linear synchronous motor analysis.
2372 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL, VOL. 58, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2013 Observability of a Linear System Under
YĂĽksel, Serdar
notion of controllability, these form the essence of modern linear control theory. In this technical note states intact. Furthermore, with the increasing emphasis on networked control systems, it has been realized that the controllability and observability concepts for linear systems with controllers having
Experimental Validation of a Numerical Controller Using Convex Optimization with Linear Matrix Inequalities on a Quarter-Car Suspension System
Chintala, Rohit
of the transfer function from the road disturbance to the actuating effort with the change in the sprung mass of the quarter-car system. The quarter-car system makes use of a linear brushless permanent magnet motor (LBPMM) as an actuator, a linear variable...
Designing a Stochastic Adaptive Impulsive Observer for Stochastic Linear and Nonlinear Impulsive Systems
Ayati, Moosa [Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario (Canada); Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Alwan, Mohamad; Liu Xinzhi [Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario (Canada); Khaloozadeh, Hamid [Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
State observation (estimation) is a very important issue in system analysis and control. This paper develops a new observer called Stochastic Adaptive Impulsive Observer (SAIO) for the state estimation of impulsive systems. The proposed observer is applicable to linear and nonlinear stochastic impulsive systems. In addition, the effect of parametric uncertainty is considered and unknown parameters of the system are estimated by suitable adaptation laws. Impulsive system theory, particularly stochastic Lyapunov-like function, is used to analyze the stability and convergence of the state estimations. The main advantages of the proposed observer are: 1) it gives continuous estimation from discrete time measurements of the system output, and 2) it is useful for state estimation when continuous measurements are impossible or expensive. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed observer and we believe that it has many applications in control and estimation theories.
Linearization of dose-response curve of the radiochromic film dosimetry system
Devic, Slobodan; Tomic, Nada; Aldelaijan, Saad; DeBlois, Francois; Seuntjens, Jan; Chan, Maria F.; Lewis, Dave [Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4 (Canada) and Department of Radiation Oncology, SMBD Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2 (Canada); Executive Administration for Radiation Protection and Safety Medical Devices Sector, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 13312 (Saudi Arabia); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4 (Canada) and Department of Radiation Oncology, SMBD Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2 (Canada); Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4 (Canada); Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Basking Ridge, New Jersey 07920 (United States); Ashland Inc., Wayne, New Jersey 07470 (United States)
Purpose: Despite numerous advantages of radiochromic film dosimeter (high spatial resolution, near tissue equivalence, low energy dependence) to measure a relative dose distribution with film, one needs to first measure an absolute dose (following previously established reference dosimetry protocol) and then convert measured absolute dose values into relative doses. In this work, we present result of our efforts to obtain a functional form that would linearize the inherently nonlinear dose-response curve of the radiochromic film dosimetry system. Methods: Functional form [{zeta}= (-1){center_dot}netOD{sup (2/3)}/ln(netOD)] was derived from calibration curves of various previously established radiochromic film dosimetry systems. In order to test the invariance of the proposed functional form with respect to the film model used we tested it with three different GAFCHROMIC Trade-Mark-Sign film models (EBT, EBT2, and EBT3) irradiated to various doses and scanned on a same scanner. For one of the film models (EBT2), we tested the invariance of the functional form to the scanner model used by scanning irradiated film pieces with three different flatbed scanner models (Epson V700, 1680, and 10000XL). To test our hypothesis that the proposed functional argument linearizes the response of the radiochromic film dosimetry system, verification tests have been performed in clinical applications: percent depth dose measurements, IMRT quality assurance (QA), and brachytherapy QA. Results: Obtained R{sup 2} values indicate that the choice of the functional form of the new argument appropriately linearizes the dose response of the radiochromic film dosimetry system we used. The linear behavior was insensitive to both film model and flatbed scanner model used. Measured PDD values using the green channel response of the GAFCHROMIC Trade-Mark-Sign EBT3 film model are well within {+-}2% window of the local relative dose value when compared to the tabulated Cobalt-60 data. It was also found that criteria of 3%/3 mm for an IMRT QA plan and 3%/2 mm for a brachytherapy QA plan are passing 95% gamma function points. Conclusions: In this paper, we demonstrate the use of functional argument to linearize the inherently nonlinear response of a radiochromic film based reference dosimetry system. In this way, relative dosimetry can be conveniently performed using radiochromic film dosimetry system without the need of establishing calibration curve.
Electronic film with embedded micro-mirrors for solar energy concentrator systems
Mario Rabinowitz; Mark Davidson
A novel electronic film solar energy concentrator with embedded micro-mirrors that track the sun is described. The potential viability of this new concept is presented. Due to miniaturization, the amount of material needed for the optical system is minimal. Because it is light-weight and flexible, it can easily be attached to the land or existing structures. This presents an economic advantage over conventional concentrators which require the construction of a separate structure to support them, and motors to orient them to intercept and properly reflect sunlight. Such separate structures must be able to survive gusts, windstorms, earthquakes, etc. This concentrator utilizes the ground or existing edifices which are already capable of withstanding such vicissitudes of nature.
Synthesis of Optimal Ensemble Controls for Linear Systems using the Singular Value Decomposition
Zlotnik, Anatoly
An emerging and challenging area in mathematical control theory called Ensemble Control encompasses a class of problems that involves the guidance of an uncountably infinite collection of structurally identical dynamical systems, which are indexed by a parameter set, by applying the same open-loop control. The subject originates from the study of complex spin dynamics in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and imaging (MRI). A fundamental question concerns ensemble controllability, which determines the existence of controls that transfer the system between desired initial and target states. For ensembles of finite-dimensional time-varying linear systems, the necessary and sufficient controllability conditions and analytical optimal control laws have been shown to depend on the singular system of the operator characterizing the system dynamics. Because analytical solutions are available only in the simplest cases, there is a need to develop numerical methods for synthesizing these controls. We introd...
Frequency response of linear systems from transient data utilizing the digital computer
Roberts, Edward E
- nautical Science, Vol. XVII (July 1950), p. 446. M. E. LaVerne and A. S. Boksenbom, "Frequency Response of Linear Systems from Transient Data, " NACA Report 977 (1950). H. J. Curfman and R. A. Gardiner, "Method for Determining the Frequency Response...- quency ur by: Y(j ar) = ( Y~ e&& Ytl e Jm'(~) + Yt2 e j3ar(~) dt Ch "t Yt3e j3m(+) + YtA e j7 (~) + t mt (3A) The addition of these vectors results in a vector defining the I response characteristics of the element or system at the forcing fre...
Linear motor drive system for continuous-path closed-loop position control of an object
Barkman, William E. (Oak Ridge, TN)
A precision numerical controlled servo-positioning system is provided for continuous closed-loop position control of a machine slide or platform driven by a linear-induction motor. The system utilizes filtered velocity feedback to provide system stability required to operate with a system gain of 100 inches/minute/0.001 inch of following error. The filtered velocity feedback signal is derived from the position output signals of a laser interferometer utilized to monitor the movement of the slide. Air-bearing slides mounted to a stable support are utilized to minimize friction and small irregularities in the slideway which would tend to introduce positioning errors. A microprocessor is programmed to read command and feedback information and converts this information into the system following error signal. This error signal is summed with the negative filtered velocity feedback signal at the input of a servo amplifier whose output serves as the drive power signal to the linear motor position control coil.
A two-stage 100 l/min circumferential slot virtual impactor system for bioaerosol concentration
LaCroix, Daniel Edward
A TWO-STAGE 100 L/min CIRCUMFERENTIAL SLOT VIRTUAL IMPACTOR SYSTEM FOR BIOAEROSOL CONCENTRATION A Thesis by DANIEL EDWARD LACROIX Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment... Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Approved by: Chair of Committee, Andrew McFarland Committee Members, Yassin Hassan...
Molten Salt-Carbon Nanotube Thermal Energy Storage for Concentrating Solar Power Systems Final Report
Michael Schuller; Frank Little; Darren Malik; Matt Betts; Qian Shao; Jun Luo; Wan Zhong; Sandhya Shankar; Ashwin Padmanaban
We demonstrated that adding nanoparticles to a molten salt would increase its utility as a thermal energy storage medium for a concentrating solar power system. Specifically, we demonstrated that we could increase the specific heat of nitrate and carbonate salts containing 1% or less of alumina nanoparticles. We fabricated the composite materials using both evaporative and air drying methods. We tested several thermophysical properties of the composite materials, including the specific heat, thermal conductivity, latent heat, and melting point. We also assessed the stability of the composite material with repeated thermal cycling and the effects of adding the nanoparticles on the corrosion of stainless steel by the composite salt. Our results indicate that stable, repeatable 25-50% improvements in specific heat are possible for these materials. We found that using these composite salts as the thermal energy storage material for a concentrating solar thermal power system can reduce the levelized cost of electricity by 10-20%. We conclude that these materials are worth further development and inclusion in future concentrating solar power systems.
Steam-circuit Model for the Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector , G. L. Morrison1
Steam-circuit Model for the Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector Prototype J. D. Pye1 , G. L. email@example.com Abstract The Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector (CLFR) is a linear-concentrating solar thermal energy system The Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector (CLFR) was first conceived of in 1992-1993 and was patented in 1995
Parametric testing and evaluation of a free-piston Stirling engine/linear compressor system
Chiu, W.; Antoniak, Z.; Hogan, J.
A 3 Kw free-piston Stirling engine (FPSE) driving a linear Rankine cycle vapor compressor has been under development by the Department of Energy, the Gas Research Institute and General Electric Company as a heat activated heat pump (HAHP) for residential applications since 1976. This paper presents data obtained from recent testing on the FPSE/linear compressor unit. System performance and engine/compressor matching and control tests and analyses are presented and discussed. Engine component performance and loss test data are also presented. A description of the low-cost real-time digital data acquisition system is included. Engine/compressor test results show maximum engine power levels over 3 Kw, close to the design goal of 3.2 Kw. However, maximum efficiency is approximately 25 percent, 5 points below the design goal. The test results are used to construct maps of engine performance and compressor performance. These maps support the engine/compressor matching techniques. Confirmation of the control system features needed to provide matched engine/compressor operation is presented. Loss measurements under engine oscillating flow conditions show that quasi-steady models of oscillating flow substantially underestimate losses, and that various Stirling engine models predict significantly different component losses. Both performance and component loss test results are combined with simulation trends to identify design improvements to the current hardware and the projected performance increases.
Concentrating Solar Power Hybrid System Study: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-13-506
Turchi, C.
The purpose of this PTS is to collaboratively leverage the collective resources at General Electric Global Research (GEGRC) and National Renewable Energy Laboratories (NREL) in the areas of concentrating solar power hybrid systems to advance state-of-the-art concentrating solar and conventional power generation system integration.
P. J. Antsaklis, "On Dynamic Linear State Feedback," Control Systems Technical Report #55, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Notre Dame, August 1987.
Antsaklis, Panos
P. J. Antsaklis, "On Dynamic Linear State Feedback," Control Systems Technical Report #55, Dept Linear State Feedback," Control Systems Technical Report #55, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Dame, August 1987. #12;P. J. Antsaklis, "On Dynamic Linear State Feedback," Control Systems Technical
Concentrating solar collector system for the evaporation of low-level radioactive waste water
Diamond, S.C.; Cappiello, C.C.
The Los Alamos National Laboratory has recently been awarded a grant under the Solar Federal Buildings Program to design, construct, and operate a high-temperature solar energy system for the processing of low-level radioactive waste water. Conceptual design studies have been completed, and detailed design work is under way for a solar system to produce process heat to evaporate 38,000 gal (143,830 L) of waste water per month. The system will use approximately 11,000 ft/sup 2/ (1022 m/sup 2/) of concentrating parabolic trough collectors operating at about 500/sup 0/F (262/sup 0/C). Construction of the system is anticipated to begin in 1981. Performance optimization of collector array size and configuration, storage medium and capacity, system operation, and control schemes are done using the active solar system simulator in the DOE-2 building energy analysis computer program. Results of this optimization are reported. This project represents a unique application of solar energy to an increasingly significant problem area in the energy field.
Size reduction of high- and low-moisture corn stalks by linear knife grid system
Womac, A.R. [University of Tennessee; Igathinathane, C. [Mississippi State University (MSU); Sokhansanj, Shahabaddine [ORNL; Narayan, S. [First American Scientific Co.
High- and low-moisture corn stalks were tested using a linear knife grid size reduction device developed for first-stage size reduction. The device was used in conjunction with a universal test machine that quantified shearing stress and energy characteristics for forcing a bed of corn stalks through a grid of sharp knives. No published engineering performance data for corn stover with similar devices are available to optimize performance; however, commercial knife grid systems exist for forage size reduction. From the force displacement data, mean and maximum ultimate shear stresses, cumulative and peak mass-based cutting energies for corn stalks, and mean new surface area-based cutting energies were determined from 4 5 refill runs at two moisture contents (78.8% and 11.3% wet basis), three knife grid spacings (25.4, 50.8, and 101.6 mm), and three bed depths (50.8, 101.6, and 152.4 mm). In general, the results indicated that peak failure load, ultimate shear stress, and cutting energy values varied directly with bed depth and inversely with knife grid spacing. Mean separation analysis established that high- and low-moisture conditions and bed depths 101.6 mm did not differ significantly (P < 0.05) for ultimate stress and cutting energy values, but knife grid spacing were significantly different. Linear knife grid cutting energy requirements for both moisture conditions of corn stalks were much smaller than reported cutting energy requirements. Ultimate shear stress and cutting energy results of this research should aid the engineering design of commercial scale linear knife gird size reduction equipment for various biomass feedstocks.
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power Systemfor Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Powerin parabolic trough solar power technology. Journal of Solar
Lower Bounds on Complexity of Lyapunov Functions for Switched Linear Systems
Amir Ali Ahmadi; Raphael Jungers
We show that for any positive integer $d$, there are families of switched linear systems---in fixed dimension and defined by two matrices only---that are stable under arbitrary switching but do not admit (i) a polynomial Lyapunov function of degree $\\leq d$, or (ii) a polytopic Lyapunov function with $\\leq d$ facets, or (iii) a piecewise quadratic Lyapunov function with $\\leq d$ pieces. This implies that there cannot be an upper bound on the size of the linear and semidefinite programs that search for such stability certificates. Several constructive and non-constructive arguments are presented which connect our problem to known (and rather classical) results in the literature regarding the finiteness conjecture, undecidability, and non-algebraicity of the joint spectral radius. In particular, we show that existence of an extremal piecewise algebraic Lyapunov function implies the finiteness property of the optimal product, generalizing a result of Lagarias and Wang. As a corollary, we prove that the finiteness property holds for sets of matrices with an extremal Lyapunov function belonging to some of the most popular function classes in controls.
Optimal steering of a linear stochastic system to a final probability distribution, part II
Yongxin Chen; Tryphon Georgiou; Michele Pavon
We consider the problem of minimum energy steering of a linear stochastic system to a final prescribed distribution over a finite horizon and to maintain a stationary distribution over an infinite horizon. We present sufficient conditions for optimality in terms of a system of dynamically coupled Riccati equations in the finite horizon case and algebraic in the stationary case. We then address the question of feasibility for both problems. For the finite-horizon case, provided the system is controllable, we prove that without any restriction on the directionality of the stochastic disturbance it is always possible to steer the state to any arbitrary Gaussian distribution over any specified finite time-interval. For the stationary infinite horizon case, it is not always possible to maintain the state at an arbitrary Gaussian distribution through constant state-feedback. It is shown that covariances of admissible stationary Gaussian distributions are characterized by a certain Lyapunov-like equation. We finally present an alternative to solving the system of coupled Riccati equations, by expressing the optimal controls in the form of solutions to (convex) semi-definite programs for both cases. We conclude with an example to steer the state covariance of the distribution of inertial particles to an admissible stationary Gaussian distribution over a finite interval, to be maintained at that stationary distribution thereafter by constant-gain state-feedback control.
Recent Progress and Future Potential for Concentrating Photovoltaic Power Systems: Preprint
Kurtz, S.; Lewandowski, A.; Hayden, H.
This paper explores the potential of utility-scale PV power, and, specifically, the opportunity that may arise for concentrating photovoltaics (CPV). In the 1990s, sales of PV modules were dominated by small-size applications such as PV-powered water pumping, emergency telephones, and calculators. More recently, the dramatic growth in the PV industry has been fueled by rooftop systems, especially in Japan and Germany. Such subsidized, grid-connected PV systems are likely to drive PV markets in coming years. Distributed systems deliver power where it is needed, avoiding transmission losses; and residential and commercial systems can be financed along with the rest of a building. Japan and Germany continue to provide market incentives because of their belief in PV's long-term benefits. As successful and important as the rooftop market is for PV sales today, the PV industry will be able to penetrate a larger fraction of the electricity market if PV systems are also used in larger installations, such as utility-owned systems, PV parks, and customer-owned systems. Because retail electricity costs more than wholesale electricity, it is often assumed that PV will address, with incentives, the retail market long before the wholesale market. Here, we show data suggesting that they can grow together. CPV, which uses low-cost lenses or mirrors to focus sunlight on high-efficiency solar cells, has often been presented as a lower-cost approach to utility-scale PV power. Although CPV typically does not compete in rooftop or other current PV markets, CPV could be a major player in a utility-scale market.
On the optimal feedback control of linear quantum systems in the presence of thermal noise
Marco G. Genoni; Stefano Mancini; Alessio Serafini
We study the possibility of taking bosonic systems subject to quadratic Hamiltonians and a noisy thermal environment to non-classical stationary states by feedback loops based on weak measurements and conditioned linear driving. We derive general analytical upper bounds for the single mode squeezing and multimode entanglement at steady state, depending only on the Hamiltonian parameters and on the number of thermal excitations of the bath. Our findings show that, rather surprisingly, larger number of thermal excitations in the bath allow for larger steady-state squeezing and entanglement if the efficiency of the optimal continuous measurements conditioning the feedback loop is high enough. We also consider the performance of feedback strategies based on homodyne detection and show that, at variance with the optimal measurements, it degrades with increasing temperature.
Observers for Interconnected Nonlinear and Linear Systems Havard Fjr Grip a, Ali Saberi a, and Tor A. Johansen b
Johansen, Tor Arne
Observers for Interconnected Nonlinear and Linear Systems H°avard Fjćr Grip a, Ali Saberi a (Esfandiari and Khalil, 1987; Saberi and Sannuti, 1990), and non-left-invertible systems (e.g., Gauthier, Hammouri, and Othman, 1992; Bornard and Hammouri, 2002; Grip and Saberi, 2010); the exploitation
2010-11 Electrical Engineering BSE/EPES 4-year Flow Chart Concentration in Electrical Power and Energy Systems
Zhang, Junshan
2010-11 Electrical Engineering BSE/EPES 4-year Flow Chart Concentration in Electrical Power and Energy Systems NOTE 1: The program in Electrical Engineering requires a total of 15 hours of technical
2011-12 Electrical Engineering BSE/EPES 4-year Flow Chart Concentration in Electrical Power and Energy Systems
Zhang, Junshan
2011-12 Electrical Engineering BSE/EPES 4-year Flow Chart Concentration in Electrical Power and Energy Systems NOTE 1: The program in Electrical Engineering requires a total of 15 hours of technical
Iterative methods for the solution of very large complex symmetric linear systems of equations in electrodynamics
Clemens, M.; Weiland, T. [Technische Hochschule Darmstadt (Germany)
In the field of computational electrodynamics the discretization of Maxwell`s equations using the Finite Integration Theory (FIT) yields very large, sparse, complex symmetric linear systems of equations. For this class of complex non-Hermitian systems a number of conjugate gradient-type algorithms is considered. The complex version of the biconjugate gradient (BiCG) method by Jacobs can be extended to a whole class of methods for complex-symmetric algorithms SCBiCG(T, n), which only require one matrix vector multiplication per iteration step. In this class the well-known conjugate orthogonal conjugate gradient (COCG) method for complex-symmetric systems corresponds to the case n = 0. The case n = 1 yields the BiCGCR method which corresponds to the conjugate residual algorithm for the real-valued case. These methods in combination with a minimal residual smoothing process are applied separately to practical 3D electro-quasistatical and eddy-current problems in electrodynamics. The practical performance of the SCBiCG methods is compared with other methods such as QMR and TFQMR.
Direct-Steam Linear Fresnel Performance Model for NREL's System Advisor Model
Wagner, M. J.; Zhu, G.
This paper presents the technical formulation and demonstrated model performance results of a new direct-steam-generation (DSG) model in NREL's System Advisor Model (SAM). The model predicts the annual electricity production of a wide range of system configurations within the DSG Linear Fresnel technology by modeling hourly performance of the plant in detail. The quasi-steady-state formulation allows users to investigate energy and mass flows, operating temperatures, and pressure drops for geometries and solar field configurations of interest. The model includes tools for heat loss calculation using either empirical polynomial heat loss curves as a function of steam temperature, ambient temperature, and wind velocity, or a detailed evacuated tube receiver heat loss model. Thermal losses are evaluated using a computationally efficient nodal approach, where the solar field and headers are discretized into multiple nodes where heat losses, thermal inertia, steam conditions (including pressure, temperature, enthalpy, etc.) are individually evaluated during each time step of the simulation. This paper discusses the mathematical formulation for the solar field model and describes how the solar field is integrated with the other subsystem models, including the power cycle and optional auxiliary fossil system. Model results are also presented to demonstrate plant behavior in the various operating modes.
Low-Cost High-Concentration Photovoltaic Systems for Utility Power Generation
McConnell, R.; Garboushian, V.; Gordon, R.; Dutra, D.; Kinsey, G.; Geer, S.; Gomez, H.; Cameron, C.
Under DOE's Technology Pathway Partnership (TPP) program, Amonix, Inc. developed a new generation of high-concentration photovoltaic systems using multijunction technology and established the manufacturing capacity needed to supply multi-megawatt power plants buing using the new Amonix 7700-series solar energy systems. For this effort, Amonix Collaborated with a variety of suppliers and partners to complete project tasks. Subcontractors included: Evonik/Cyro; Hitek; the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL); Raytech; Spectrolab; UL; University of Nevada, Las Vegas; and TUV Rheinland PTL. The Amonix TPP tasks included: Task 1: Multijunction Cell Optimization for Field Operation, Task 2: Fresnel Lens R&D, Task 3: Cell Package Design & Production, Task 4: Standards Compliance and Reliability Testing, Task 5: Receiver Plate Production, Task 6: MegaModule Performance, Task 7: MegaModule Cost Reduction, Task 8: Factory Setup and MegaModule Production, Task 9: Tracker and Tracking Controller, Task 10: Installation and Balance of System (BOS), Task 11: Field Testing, and Task 12: Solar Advisor Modeling and Market Analysis. Amonix's TPP addressed nearly the complete PV value chain from epitaxial layer design and wafer processing through system design, manufacturing, deployment and O&M. Amonix has made progress toward achieving these reduced costs through the development of its 28%+ efficient MegaModule, reduced manufacturing and installation cost through design for manufacturing and assembly, automated manufacturing processes, and reduced O&M costs. Program highlights include: (1) Optimized multijunction cell and cell package design to improve performance by > 10%; (2) Updated lens design provided 7% increased performance and higher concentration; (3) 28.7% DC STC MegaModule efficiency achieved in Phase II exceeded Phase III performance goal; (4) New 16' focal length MegaModule achieved target materials and manufacturing cost reduction; (5) Designed and placed into production 25 MW/yr manufacturing capacity for complete MegaModules, including cell packages, receiver plates, and structures with lenses; (6) Designed and deployed Amonix 7700 series systems rated at 63 kW PTC ac and higher. Based on an LCOE assessment using NREL's Solar Advisor Model, Amonix met DOE's LCOE targets: Amonix 2011 LCOE 12.8 cents/kWh (2010 DOE goal 10-15); 2015 LCOE 6.4 cents/kWh (2015 goal 5-7) Amonix and TPP participants would like to thank the U.S. Department of Energy Solar Energy Technology Program for funding received under this program through Agreement No. DE-FC36-07GO17042.
Risk-sensitive Dissipativity of Linear Quantum Stochastic Systems under Lur'e Type Perturbations of Hamiltonians
Igor G. Vladimirov; Ian R. Petersen
This paper is concerned with a stochastic dissipativity theory using quadratic-exponential storage functions for open quantum systems with canonically commuting dynamic variables governed by quantum stochastic differential equations. The system is linearly coupled to external boson fields and has a quadratic Hamiltonian which is perturbed by nonquadratic functions of linear combinations of system variables. Such perturbations are similar to those in the classical Lur'e systems and make the quantum dynamics nonlinear. We study their effect on the quantum expectation of the exponential of a positive definite quadratic form of the system variables. This allows conditions to be established for the risk-sensitive stochastic storage function of the quantum system to remain bounded, thus securing boundedness for the moments of system variables of arbitrary order. These results employ a noncommutative analogue of the Doleans-Dade exponential and a multivariate partial differential version of the Gronwall-Bellman lemma.
8.7.2 Experiment 2--Response of Continuous Systems Part 1. Consider a continuous-time linear system represented by its transfer function
Gajic, Zoran
function impulse. (b) Find and plot the step response using the function step. (c) Find the zero) The unit step response. Plot the corresponding output variables. (e) Let the initial system condition be i8.7.2 Experiment 2--Response of Continuous Systems Part 1. Consider a continuous-time linear system
Energy 101: Concentrating Solar Power
From towers to dishes to linear mirrors to troughs, concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies reflect and collect solar heat to generate electricity. A single CSP plant can generate enough power for about 90,000 homes. This video explains what CSP is, how it works, and how systems like parabolic troughs produce renewable power. For more information on the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's CSP research, see the Solar Energy Technology Program's Concentrating Solar Power Web page at http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/csp_program.html.
A Parallel Modified Lagrangian Method for an Optimal Control Problem of a Linear Distributed Stochastic System
A Parallel Modified Lagrangian Method for an Optimal Control Problem of a Linear firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract We consider an optimal control problem for a Hilbert space valued linear* * stochastic Optimization, Control, Parallel Algorithms AMS Classification: 65Y05, 93E20, 93E23 1 Introduction
Abstract--Linear electrical loading system (LELS) driven by electrical cylinder with permanent magnet synchronous
Yao, Bin
magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) offers several advantages of high transmission efficiency and high cylinder driven by permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Though direct-drive linear motors has some to direct-drive linear motor, the solution of electrical cylinder with PMSM has larger output force
Non-linear adaptive robust control of electro-hydraulic systems driven by double-rod actuators BIN YAO{*. FANPING BU{ and GEORGE T. C. CHIU{
Yao, Bin
Non-linear adaptive robust control of electro-hydraulic systems driven by double-rod actuators BIN may be subjected to non-smooth and discontinuous non- linearities due to control input saturation of hydraulic dynamics which demands the use of non-linear control, hydraulic servosystems also have large
Full Diversity Codes for MISO Systems Equipped with Linear or ML Detectors
Liu, Jing; Wong, Kon Max
In this paper, a general criterion for space time block codes (STBC) to achieve full-diversity with a linear receiver is proposed for a wireless communication system having multiple transmitter and single receiver antennas (MISO). Particularly, the STBC with Toeplitz structure satisfies this criterion and therefore, enables full-diversity. Further examination of this Toeplitz STBC reveals the following important properties: a) The symbol transmission rate can be made to approach unity. b) Applying the Toeplitz code to any signalling scheme having nonzero distance between the nearest constellation points results in a non-vanishing determinant. In addition, if QAM is used as the signalling scheme, then for independent MISO flat fading channels, the Toeplitz codes is proved to approach the optimal diversity-vs-multiplexing tradeoff with a ZF receiver when the number of channel uses is large. This is, so far, the first non-orthogonal STBC shown to achieve the optimal tradeoff for such a receiver. On the other han...
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
Figures A typical wet steam Rankine cycle on a temperature-A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating2011 Abstract A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed
Advanced Ceramic Materials and Packaging Technologies for Realizing Sensors for Concentrating Solar Power Systems
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
This is a presentation by Yiping Liu from Sporian Microsystems at the 2013 SunShot Concentrating Solar Power Program Review.
Advanced Ceramic Materials and Packaging Technologies for Realizing Sensors for Concentrating Solar Power Systems
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
This presentation was delivered at the SunShot Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Program Review 2013, held April 23–25, 2013 near Phoenix, Arizona.
Liquid membrane system for the removal and concentration of transuranic elements
Timmins, M.R.; Wysk, S.R.; Smolensky, L.A.; Jiang, D.; Lumetta, G.J.
The goal of this program is to develop an efficient, reliable, and radiation-resistant modified liquid membrane system (MLMS) for the selective removal and concentration of transuranic elements (TRUs) and strontium-90 from dissolved Hanford sludge wastes. The efforts are divided into three categories: (1) demonstration and optimization of the MLMS for the TRUEX and SREX processes using simulant waste solution; (2) development of a radiation-resistant microporous divider and membrane module for testing with actual waste solutions; and (3) demonstration of the MLMS for the TRUEX and SREX processes using actual Hanford waste. Successful completion of these development efforts will yield a compact, versatile, and reliable MLMS for implementation with the TRUEX and SREX processes. The MLMS is simple, stable, more efficient, and easier to control and operate than conventional solvent-extraction processes, such as those employing centrifugal contactors. In addition, the MLMS process offers operational cost savings over the conventional technology, by exhibiting at least a 10% reduction in the consumption of extractant chemicals.
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
solar electric systems currently use photovoltaics almostCHP) systems can compete or exceed solar photovoltaics (systems, and in generalized comparisons to photovoltaics. In
2009-10 Electrical Engineering BSE/EPES 4-year Flow Chart Concentration in Electrical Power and Energy Systems
Zhang, Junshan
2009-10 Electrical Engineering BSE/EPES 4-year Flow Chart Concentration in Electrical Power and Energy Systems NOTE 1: The program in Electrical Engineering requires a total of 15 hours of technical (N), 498 (N) Elec EEE 333 [prereq EEE101,120] ........... Power, 498 (N) Solar Energy Note: Prereq
2007-2008 Electrical Engineering BSE/EPES 4-year Flow Chart Concentration in Electrical Power and Energy Systems
Zhang, Junshan
2007-2008 Electrical Engineering BSE/EPES 4-year Flow Chart Concentration in Electrical Power and Energy Systems NOTE 1: The program in Electrical Engineering requires a total of 15 hours of technical Energy Note: Prereq for Computer Engineering: EEE203 Computer Engineering EEE404 (S), CSE420 (F, S
2008-09 Electrical Engineering BSE/EPES 4-year Flow Chart Concentration in Electrical Power and Energy Systems
Zhang, Junshan
2008-09 Electrical Engineering BSE/EPES 4-year Flow Chart Concentration in Electrical Power and Energy Systems NOTE 1: The program in Electrical Engineering requires a total of 15 hours of technical (N), 498 (N) Elec EEE 333 [prereq EEE101,120] ........... Power, 498 (N) Solar Energy Note: Prereq
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
output P e Electrical power output of system Q Solar CHP to1.5, the CHP system cost of electrical power is obtained.thermal to electrical power output R of this system is (1 ?
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
solar CHP system supplying arbitrary heat and power outputs.e Electrical power output of system Q Solar CHP to PV yearlysolar Rankine CHP system, sized equally in terms of peak power output,
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
DCS-CHP system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7521 Stationary collector CHP to stationary PV performancesolar dish collector DCS-CHP system . . . . . . 28 Water and
Maximum Output Amplitude of Linear Systems for certain Input Constraints1
Sontag, Eduardo
of this input and calculates the maximum amplitude of the output. The solution of this problem is a necessary, Linear Sys- tems. 1 Introduction and Motivation Most practical control problems are dominated by hard bounds. Valves can only be operated between fully open and fully closed, pumps and compressors have
OFS model-based adaptive control for block-oriented non-linear Systems
Cambridge, University of
) and a heavy oil distillation column (Zhang et al., 2004b). Meanwhile, he has also made some theoretical processes such as distillation, pH neutralization control, hydro-control and chemical reactions linear model predictive control (MPC) based on a Laguerre series and successfully applied the scheme to p
Zero crossings, overshoot and initial undershoot in the step and impulse responses of linear systems
Damm, Tobias
1 Zero crossings, overshoot and initial undershoot in the step and impulse responses of linear-known. (i) The number of zero crossings of the step and impulse response is bounded from below by the number (counting multiplicities), then the step response exhibits initial undershoot, see [4]. Our goal
Extending the eigCG algorithm to nonsymmetric Lanczos for linear systems with multiple right-hand sides
Abdel-Rehim, A. M.; Stathopoulos, Andreas; Orginos, Kostas
The technique that was used to build the EigCG algorithm for sparse symmetric linear systems is extended to the nonsymmetric case using the BiCG algorithm. We show that, similarly to the symmetric case, we can build an algorithm that is capable of computing a few smallest magnitude eigenvalues and their corresponding left and right eigenvectors of a nonsymmetric matrix using only a small window of the BiCG residuals while simultaneously solving a linear system with that matrix. For a system with multiple right-hand sides, we give an algorithm that computes incrementally more eigenvalues while solving the first few systems and then uses the computed eigenvectors to deflate BiCGStab for the remaining systems. Our experiments on various test problems, including Lattice QCD, show the remarkable ability of EigBiCG to compute spectral approximations with accuracy comparable to that of the unrestarted, nonsymmetric Lanczos. Furthermore, our incremental EigBiCG followed by appropriately restarted and deflated BiCGStab provides a competitive method for systems with multiple right-hand sides.
Tarn Yates, Senior Thesis, Physics Department UCSC Summer 2003 Solar Cells in Concentrating Systems
is designed for use in the construction of solar concentrating devices and takes into account reflection drawbacks. These drawbacks include the damming of rivers, the creation of nuclear waste, and the pollution manufacturing techniques that are used in the electronics semiconductor industry. In this process, a single
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
electricity production for these two systems. Chapter 2 Life Cycle Analysis: Economics, Global Warming
Extending the eigCG algorithm to non-symmetric linear systems with multiple right-hand sides
Abdou Abdel-Rehim, Kostas Orginos, Andreas Stathopoulos
For Hermitian positive definite linear systems and eigenvalue problems, the eigCG algorithm is a memory efficient algorithm that solves the linear system and simultaneously computes some of its eigenvalues. The algorithm is based on the Conjugate-Gradient (CG) algorithm, however, it uses only a window of the vectors generated by the CG algorithm to compute approximate eigenvalues. The number and accuracy of the eigenvectors can be increased by solving more right-hand sides. For Hermitian systems with multiple right-hand sides, the computed eigenvectors can be used to speed up the solution of subsequent systems. The algorithm was tested on Lattice QCD problems by solving the normal equations and was shown to give large speed up factors and to remove the critical slowing down as we approach light quark masses. Here, an extension to the non-symmetric case based on the two-sided Lanczos algorithm is given. The new algorithm is tested on Lattice QCD problems and is shown to give promising results. We also study the removal of the critical slowing down and compare results with those of the eigCG algorithm. We also discuss the case when the system is gamma5-Hermitian.
Nanoengineered surfaces for improvements in energy systems : application to concentrated solar and geothermal power plants
Rehn, Alexander W. (Alexander William)
The main drawback to renewable energy systems is the higher cost of production compared to competitors such as fossil fuels. Thus, there is a need to increase the efficiency of renewable energy systems in an effort to make ...
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
the subject of residential solar CHP, volumetric expansionthesis devoted to residential solar CHP systems) that inCHP system, in the 1-10 kW peak electric range, will be appropriate for small residential
The southern Caribbean upwelling system: Sea surface temperature, wind forcing and chlorophyll concentration patterns
Meyers, Steven D.
The southern Caribbean upwelling system: Sea surface temperature, wind forcing and chlorophyll Accepted 22 April 2013 Available online 29 April 2013 Keywords: Coastal upwelling SST Caribbean Sea Ekman, 1994Â2009) were used to characterize the southern Caribbean upwelling system. This system extends from
Fault tolerant linear actuator
Tesar, Delbert
In varying embodiments, the fault tolerant linear actuator of the present invention is a new and improved linear actuator with fault tolerance and positional control that may incorporate velocity summing, force summing, or a combination of the two. In one embodiment, the invention offers a velocity summing arrangement with a differential gear between two prime movers driving a cage, which then drives a linear spindle screw transmission. Other embodiments feature two prime movers driving separate linear spindle screw transmissions, one internal and one external, in a totally concentric and compact integrated module.
336 JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS, VOL. 9, NO. 3, SEPTEMBER 2000 Externally Resonated Linear Microvibromotor
Saitou, Kazuhiro "Kazu"
1 Microelectromechanical Systems Opportunities A Department of Defense Dual-Use Technology Microelectromechanical Systems Opportunities Defense Applications of MEMS Experiences in recent conflicts
Novel MIMO Linear Zero Dynamic Controller for the Grid-connected Photovoltaic System with
Pota, Himanshu Roy
connected PV system also has its own draw- backs, the conversion efficiency of the inverter is low under low (PV) system. The relative degree is investigated through the concept of Lie derivative to execute the LZDC for three phase grid connected PV system. To implement the control theory, system stability
The development of an interactive microcomputer-based system to analyze linear network optimization problems
Fowler, John Welsh
AND CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES APPENDICES APPENDIX A ? USER' S MANUAL APPENDIX B ? CODE CHANGES NECESSARY TO PREVENT CYCLING IN THE K SHORTEST PATH PROBLEM VITA 90 92 94 95 110 112 LIST OF TABLES Table DISTANCE MATRIX Page 15 INPUT DATA FOR PLANNING... variety of problems and situations. Network analysis techniques have been used to model transportation systems, communication systems, distribution systems, river systems, precedence ordering of events, computer systems, etc. Phillips and Garcia [1981...
Estimating changes in urban ozone concentrations due to life cycle emissions from hydrogen transportation systems
Wang, Guihua; Ogden, Joan M; Chang, Daniel P.Y.
production with gaseous hydrogen pipeline delivery, and2) central hydrogen production with pipeline delivery; and (Central hydrogen production with pipeline delivery systems
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
impacts the levelized cost of energy generated. ThePV systems. The levelized cost of energy generated by theemissions. The levelized cost of energy generated by the
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
renewable and non-renewable energy systems including its global warming potential (potential for deep market penetration of renewable distributed energy
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
combined heat and power systems. ASME Conference Proceedingsfor combined heat and power applications. ASME ConferenceRankine combined heat and power technology. ASME Conference
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
Norwood, Zachary Mills
systems (typically Stirling engines or CPV modules) forheat engines including Brayton, Ericsson, and Stirling, thefocal-mounted engine (e.g. dish-Stirling) by decoupling the
Advanced Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Cycle Configurations for Use in Concentrating Solar Power Systems: Preprint
Ma, Z.; Turchi, C. S.
The research will characterize and evaluate advanced S-CO2 Brayton cycle power generation with a modular power tower CSP system.
A 40KW ROOF MOUNTED PV THERMAL CONCENTRATOR SYSTEM J.F.H. Smeltink1
3 Centre for Sustainable Energy Systems, Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T. 0200, Australia email: 1 firstname.lastname@example.com, 2 email@example.com, 3 email@example.com ABSTRACT: The Australian National University, Centre for Sustainable Energy Systems (ANU-CSES) has developed a photovoltaic
Equilibria in Electricity Markets Autonomous System for Remote Areas References Applications of Linear and Nonlinear Optimisation
Equilibria in Electricity Markets Autonomous System for Remote Areas References Applications Instititute  Cambridge, UK  August 8, 2013 #12;Equilibria in Electricity Markets Autonomous System for Remote Areas References Outline 1 Equilibria in Electricity Markets 2 Autonomous System for Remote Areas
Tranceiver Design using Linear Precoding in a Multiuser MIMO System with Limited
Adve, Raviraj
(MU) multiple input single output (MISO) and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) Page 1 of 23 IET increase system reliability as well as the spectral efficiency of multiuser systems. However, limitations caused by interference and channel fading remain a concern in MU MISO and MU MIMO systems. These can
Concentration solar power optimization system and method of using the same
Andraka, Charles E
A system and method for optimizing at least one mirror of at least one CSP system is provided. The system has a screen for displaying light patterns for reflection by the mirror, a camera for receiving a reflection of the light patterns from the mirror, and a solar characterization tool. The solar characterization tool has a characterizing unit for determining at least one mirror parameter of the mirror based on an initial position of the camera and the screen, and a refinement unit for refining the determined parameter(s) based on an adjusted position of the camera and screen whereby the mirror is characterized. The system may also be provided with a solar alignment tool for comparing at least one mirror parameter of the mirror to a design geometry whereby an alignment error is defined, and at least one alignment unit for adjusting the mirror to reduce the alignment error.
A Note on the Use of the Woodbury Formula To Solve Cyclic Block Tri-Diagonal and Cyclic Block Penta-diagonal Linear Systems of Equations
Milan Batista; Abdel Rahman A. Ibrahim Karawia
The article presents the theoretical background of the algorithms for solving cyclic block tridiagonal and cyclic block penta-diagonal systems of linear algebraic equations present in ref [1] and [2]. The theory is based on the Woodbury formula.
Widely linear equalization for MIMO and SISO communications systems using filter banks
Pun, Ka Shun Carson
Selective MISO Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .input-single- output (MISO) channel is not fully addressed.system in a frequency selective MISO channel and the WLE
the 4th Power Electronics, Drive Systems & Technologies Conference, PEDSTC 2013 Simultaneous Sensing cum Actuating Linear Motor
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Sensing cum Actuating Linear Motor Ali Karimi Varkani Tarbiat Modares University Tehran, Iran ali of an electric machine (a linear motor) without using conventional sensors. Tested is a back-drivable linear motor stage which uses the linear motor electric machine as simultaneous sensor cum actuator
Sontag, Eduardo
relatively simple systems. However, for large-scale problems, controllers resulting from the application, various types of switching controllers, and humans Âor, more re- cently, expert systems, in supervisory the interplay of modern control theory with automata theory and other techniques from computer science
Synthesis of Uniformly Ultimate Boundedness Switching Laws for Discrete-Time Uncertain Switched Linear Systems
Sontag, Eduardo
- cations in control of mechanical systems, process control, au- tomotive industry, power systems, aircraft variations and exterior disturbances are considered. The problem of synthesis of switching control laws that orchestrates switching between these subsystems. Properties of this type of model have been studied
Evaluation of Turfgrass Species and Varieties for Drought Tolerance in a Renovated Linear Gradient Irrigation System
Irrigation System Scientists: B. Wherley and A. Chandra - Texas AgriLife Research- Dallas, and J. Heitholt gradient irrigation system (LGIS) project were to 1) quantify the extent of water stress that different the implications of deficit irrigation practices on reflective heat load generation, and 3) determine how cultural
Projective re-normalization for improving the behavior of a homogeneous conic linear system
Belloni, Alexandre
In this paper we study the homogeneous conic system F : Ax = 0, x ? C \\ {0}. We choose a point Żs ? intC? that serves as a normalizer and consider computational properties of the normalized system FŻs : Ax = 0, ŻsT x = 1, ...
Hai Lin, Guisheng Zhai, Panos J. Antsaklis, "Explicit Hybrid Optimal Controller for Disturbance Attenuation in Linear Hybrid Systems," Proc. of the 16th IFAC World Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, July 4-8, 2005.
Antsaklis, Panos
Optimal Controller for Disturbance Attenuation in Linear Hybrid Systems," Proc. of the 16th IFAC World Hybrid Optimal Controller for Disturbance Attenuation in Linear Hybrid Systems," Proc. of the 16th IFAC, "Explicit Hybrid Optimal Controller for Disturbance Attenuation in Linear Hybrid Systems," Proc. of the 16th
Linear-optical simulation of the cooling of a cluster-state Hamiltonian system
G. H. Aguilar; T. Kolb; D. Cavalcanti; L. Aolita; R. Chaves; S. P. Walborn; P. H. Souto Ribeiro
A measurement-based quantum computer could consist of a local-gapped Hamiltonian system, whose thermal states --at sufficiently low temperature-- are universal resources for the computation. Initialization of the computer would correspond to cooling the system. We perform an experimental quantum simulation of such cooling process with entangled photons. We prepare three-qubit thermal cluster states exploiting the equivalence between local dephasing and thermalisation for these states. This allows us to tune the system's temperature by changing the dephasing strength. We monitor the entanglement as the system cools down and observe the transitions from separability to bound entanglement, and then to free entanglement. We also analyze the performance of the system for measurement-based single-qubit state preparation. These studies constitute a basic characterisation of experimental cluster-state computation under imperfect conditions.
7.10 MATLAB Experiment on Discrete-Time Systems Purpose: In this experiment, we analyze time responses of a higher-order linear discrete-
Gajic, Zoran
responses of a higher-order linear discrete- time system using MATLAB. We study system impulse, step , and find the impulse response of the reduced order system for k=0:1:40. Part 3. Find the step response using the MATLAB function dstep. Plot the step response k=0:1:14 and k=0:1:40. Comment
A Dependence of the Electronuclear System Parameters on the Component Concentration in Fuel MOX
Barashenkov, V S
A dependence of the parameters of a electronuclear system with U-Pu fuel MOX on the relative share of plutonium and its isotope ^{240}Pu in fuel is investigated by means of mathematical modelling. As an example, we consider an experimental system with a heat power 10-20 kW designed in Dubna on the basis of the 660 MeV proton phasotron. The 2 % admixture of ^{240}Pu decreases the value of the neutron multiplication coefficient from 0.95 down to 0.90, neutron yield and heat power are diminished almost twice. Such a decrease can be compensated by the increase of Plutonium share in MOX from 25 up to 27 %.
Predicting the spectral effects of soils on high concentrating photovoltaic systems
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level:Energy: Grid Integration Redefining What's Possible forPortsmouth/Paducah ProjectPRE-AWARD ACCOUNTING SYSTEM SURVEYPrecisionOffice
A flexible uncertainty quantification method for linearly coupled multi-physics systems
Chen, Xiao, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Ng, Brenda; Sun, Yunwei; Tong, Charles, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Highlights: •We propose a "modularly hybrid" UQ methodology suitable for independent development of module-based multi-physics simulation. •Our algorithmic framework allows for each module to have its own UQ method (either intrusive or non-intrusive). •Information from each module is combined systematically to propagate "global uncertainty". •Our proposed approach can allow for easy swapping of new methods for any modules without the need to address incompatibilities. •We demonstrate the proposed framework on a practical application involving a multi-species reactive transport model. -- Abstract: This paper presents a novel approach to building an integrated uncertainty quantification (UQ) methodology suitable for modern-day component-based approach for multi-physics simulation development. Our "hybrid" UQ methodology supports independent development of the most suitable UQ method, intrusive or non-intrusive, for each physics module by providing an algorithmic framework to couple these "stochastic" modules for propagating "global" uncertainties. We address algorithmic and computational issues associated with the construction of this hybrid framework. We demonstrate the utility of such a framework on a practical application involving a linearly coupled multi-species reactive transport model.
Reaction force control implementation of a linear generator in irregular waves for a wave power system
Li, Bin
Most designs for wave energy converters include a hydraulic (or pneumatic) interface between the wave device and the generator to smooth electricity production, but a direct drive power take-off system is a possible way ...
A Single Differential Equation for First-Excursion Time in a Class of Linear Systems
Greytak, Matthew B.
First-excursion times have been developed extensively in the literature for oscillators; one major application is structural dynamics of buildings. Using the fact that most closed-loop systems operate with a moderate to ...
State and Parameter Estimation for Linear Systems with Nonlinearly Parameterized Perturbations
Johansen, Tor Arne
Hĺvard Fjćr Grip? Ali Saberi?? Tor A. Johansen? Abstract-- We consider systems that can be described of Ali Saberi is partially supported by National Science Foundation grant ECS-0528882 and NAVY grants ONR
On the synthesis of switched output feedback controllers for linear, time-invariant systems
Santarelli, Keith R. (Keith Robert), 1977-
The theory of switching systems has seen many advances in the past decade. Its beginnings were founded primarily due to the physical limitations in devices to implement control such as relays, but today there exists a ...
Linear Processing for the Downlink in Multiuser MIMO Systems with Multiple Data Streams
Adve, Raviraj
the reliability and data rate of a transmission. More recently, researchers have investigated using downlink problem with individual SINR constraints in a multiple-input single-output (MISO) system, i
Gregorian optical system with non-linear optical technology for protection against intense optical transients
Ackermann, Mark R. (Albuquerque, NM); Diels, Jean-Claude M. (Albuquerque, NM)
An optical system comprising a concave primary mirror reflects light through an intermediate focus to a secondary mirror. The secondary mirror re-focuses the image to a final image plane. Optical limiter material is placed near the intermediate focus to optically limit the intensity of light so that downstream components of the optical system are protected from intense optical transients. Additional lenses before and/or after the intermediate focus correct optical aberrations.
Group classification of systems of non-linear reaction-diffusion equations with general diffusion matrix. II. Generalized Turing systems
A. G. Nikitin
Group classification of systems of two coupled nonlinear reaction-diffusion equation with a diagonal diffusion matrix is carried out. Symmetries of diffusion systems with singular diffusion matrix and additional first order derivative terms are described.
Reflector Technology Development and System Design for Concentrating Solar Power Technologies
Adam Schaut
Alcoa began this program in March of 2008 with the goal of developing and validating an advanced CSP trough design to lower the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) as compared to existing glass based, space-frame trough technology. In addition to showing a pathway to a significant LCOE reduction, Alcoa also desired to create US jobs to support the emerging CSP industry. Alcoa's objective during Phase I: Concept Feasibility was to provide the DOE with a design approach that demonstrates significant overall system cost savings without sacrificing performance. Phase I consisted of two major tasks; reflector surface development and system concept development. Two specific reflective surface technologies were investigated, silver metallized lamination, and thin film deposition both applied on an aluminum substrate. Alcoa prepared samples; performed test validation internally; and provided samples to the NREL for full-spectrum reflectivity measurements. The final objective was to report reflectivity at t = 0 and the latest durability results as of the completion of Phase 1. The target criteria for reflectance and durability were as follows: (1) initial (t = 0), hemispherical reflectance >93%, (2) initial spectral reflectance >90% for 25-mrad reading and >87% for 7-mrad reading, and (3) predicted 20 year durability of less than 5% optical performance drop. While the results of the reflective development activities were promising, Alcoa was unable to down-select on a reflective technology that met the target criteria. Given the progress and potential of both silver film and thin film technologies, Alcoa continued reflector surface development activities in Phase II. The Phase I concept development activities began with acquiring baseline CSP system information from both CSP Services and the DOE. This information was used as the basis to develop conceptual designs through ideation sessions. The concepts were evaluated based on estimated cost and high-level structural performance. The target criteria for the concept development was to achieve a solar field cost savings of 25%-50% thereby meeting or exceeding the DOE solar field cost savings target of $350/m2. After evaluating various structural design approaches, Alcoa down-selected to a monocoque, dubbed Wing Box, design that utilizes the reflective surface as a structural, load carrying member. The cost and performance potential of the Wing Box concept was developed via initial finite element analysis (FEA) and cost modeling. The structural members were sized through material utilization modeling when subjected to representative loading conditions including wind loading. Cost modeling was utilized to refine potential manufacturing techniques that could be employed to manufacture the structural members. Alcoa concluded that an aluminum intensive collector design can achieve significant cost savings without sacrificing performance. Based on the cost saving potential of this Concept Feasibility study, Alcoa recommended further validation of this CSP approach through the execution of Phase II: Design and Prototype Development. Alcoa Phase II objective was to provide the DOE with a validated CSP trough design that demonstrates significant overall system cost savings without sacrificing performance. Phase II consisted of three major tasks; Detail System Design, Prototype Build, and System Validation. Additionally, the reflector surface development that began in Phase I was continued in Phase II. After further development work, Alcoa was unable to develop a reflective technology that demonstrated significant performance or cost benefits compared to commercially available CSP reflective products. After considering other commercially available reflective surfaces, Alcoa selected Alano's MIRO-SUN product for use on the full scale prototype. Although MIRO-SUN has a lower specular reflectivity compared to other options, its durability in terms of handling, cleaning, and long-term reflectivity was deemed the most important attribute to successfully validate Alcoa's advanced trough archi
Concentrating Solar Power Dish/Engine System Basics | Department of Energy
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645 3,625 1,006 492 742 33 1112011AT&T, Inc.'sEnergyTexas1.Space DataEnergyCompressed Air SystemsDish/Engine
Quantum phases and dynamics of geometric phase in a quantum spin chain system under linear quench
Sujit Sarkar; B. Basu
We study the quantum phases of anisotropic XY spin chain system in presence and absence of adiabatic quench. A connection between geometric phase and criticality is established from the dynamical behaviour of the geometric phase for a quench induced quantum phase transition in a quantum spin chain. We predict XX criticality associated with a sequence of non-contractible geometric phases.
Nagarajaiah, Satish
, Houston, TX; 3 Professor, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering & Material or non-uniform flexibility, cable stayed structures, offshore structures, variable speed wind turbines and helicopter blades to name a few. Such systems often exhibit instabilities including parametric and internal
Approximation and inversion of a complex meteorological system via local linear filters
Schoenberg, Frederic Paik (Rick)
been the site of some of the nation's most severe air pollution (Lu et al., 1997b). In order to model to a complex mul- tivariate dynamic model for Southern California air quality is given and the method is shown, simulate, and predict levels of ozone and other pollutants, a multivariate dynamic modeling system called
Tube-based distributed control of linear constrained systems Stefano Riverso
Ferrari-Trecate, Giancarlo
to coupling. Lower controllers generate planned trajectories using Model Predictive Control (MPC) independently of the other subsystems. The proposed control scheme is arguably easier to design and apply than Control; Large-scale Systems; Robustness; Model Predictive Control; Decentralized Control. The research
Some Useful Matlab and Control Systems Toolbox Functions Creating and converting linear models
Abate, Alessandro
). step - Step response. impulse - Impulse response. lsim - Response to arbitrary inputs. bode - Bode-zero map. damp - Natural frequency and damping of system poles. ltiview - Response analysis GUI (LTI Viewer diagrams of the frequency response. ctrb - Controllability matrix (for ss models). obsv - Observability
A Non-linear Dynamical Systems' Proof of Kraft-McMillan Inequality and its Converse
Nithin Nagaraj
In this short paper, we shall provide a dynamical systems' proof of the famous Kraft-McMillan inequality and its converse. Kraft-McMillan inequality is a basic result in information theory which gives a necessary and sufficient condition for the lengths of the codewords of a code to be uniquely decodable.
Overview of the data acquisition electronics system design for the SLAC Linear Collider Detector (SLD)
Larsen, R.S.
The SLD Detector will contain five major electronics subsystems: Vertex, Drift, Liquid Argon Calorimeter, Cerenkov Ring Imaging, and Warm Iron Calorimeter. To implement the approximately 170,000 channels of electronics, extensive miniaturization and heavy use of multiplexing techniques are required. Design criteria for each subsystem, overall system architecture, and the R and D program are described.
Scattering Solar Thermal Concentrators
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
eere.energy.gov * energy.govsunshot DOEGO-102012-3669 * September 2012 MOTIVATION All thermal concentrating solar power (CSP) systems use solar tracking, which involves moving...
Design of linear multivariable systems with reduced sensitivity to parameter variations
Martin, Philippe Jean-Maurice
no common roots, we can find two polynomials h{s) and k(s) such that k(s) p(s) + h(s) r(s) = q(s) f(s) 3 (k(s)] & n ? 2 d Ih{s)] & n ? 1 III-1 and the closed loop transfer function is gpf (s) r(s), with pf{s) = p(s) - f(s). Figure l shows... the structure of the closed-loop system. The Given System v(s~) ) p (s) r(s) k(s) (s) Figure 1. The Scalar Compensation Scheme The procedure is the following: (i ) form the 2n-vector h0 h n-1 I k0 1 k n-1 (ii) form t. he polynomial...
Designing criteria for building power systems supplying distributed non-linear loads
Grasselli, U.; Parise, G. [Univ. of Rome La Sapienza (Italy). Electrical Engineering Dept.
In commercial and institutional buildings, the wider use of power electronics equipment, such as computer switch-mode power supplies and compact fluorescent lights with electronic ballasts, can create many problems. These loads are generally single-phase with a 3rd harmonic current that can be equal or more than 60%. The aim of this paper is that of analyzing several specific aspects of power system design, such as: sizing of circuits; and the selection of circuits, by correlating them with this specific problem of distributed nonlinear load supply. The proposed criteria can be utilized both in a short-term action for resolution of specific problems, and in medium-term action for development of new optimization procedures of power system design.
Feedback Control of Non-linear Quantum Systems: a Rule of Thumb
Kurt Jacobs; Austin P. Lund
We show that in the regime in which feedback control is most effective -- when measurements are relatively efficient, and feedback is relatively strong -- then, in the absence of any sharp inhomogeneity in the noise, it is always best to measure in a basis that does not commute with the system density matrix than one that does. That is, it is optimal to make measurements that disturb the state one is attempting to stabilize.
Development of a non-linear closed-loop control system for intracranial pressure regulation
Durai, Richard
was developed and simulated using Matlab-Simulink. The simulations were useful in predicting the experimental results and also helped in explaining problems faced with the apparatus. The experimental data collected for static and dynamic tests were close... transistor as a switch. . . . , 64 5. 8 Motor and syringe arrangement for introducing pulses in the CSF system. . 65 6. 1 Time pattern of ICP for communicating hydrocephalus, static test. 68 6. 2 Time pattern of ICP for communicating hydrocephalus...
Linear, third- and fifth-order nonlinear spectroscopy of a charge transfer system coupled to an underdamped vibration
Dijkstra, Arend G
We study hole, electron and exciton transport in a charge transfer system in the presence of underdamped vibrational motion. We analyze the signature of these processes in the linear and third-, and fifth-order nonlinear electronic spectra. Calculations are performed with a numerically exact hierarchical equations of motion method for an underdamped Brownian oscillator spectral density. We find that combining electron, hole and exciton transfer can lead to non-trivial spectra with more structure than with excitonic coupling alone. Traces taken during the waiting time of a two-dimensional spectrum are dominated by vibrational motion and do not reflect the electron, hole, and exciton dynamics directly. We find that the fifth-order nonlinear response is particularly sensitive to the charge transfer process. While third-order 2D spectroscopy detects the correlation between two coherences, fifth-order 2D spectroscopy (2D population spectroscopy) is here designed to detect correlations between the excited states du...
Energy 101: Concentrating Solar Power
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
From towers to dishes to linear mirrors to troughs, concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies reflect and collect solar heat to generate electricity. A single CSP plant can generate enough power...
Estimates of sea surface nitrate concentrations from sea surface temperature and chlorophyll concentration in upwelling areas: A case study for the Benguela system
Bricaud, Annick
heating that occurs simultaneously to nitrate consumption, stimulated by the progressive acclimation or regional scales in the ocean is fundamental for the study of oceanic biogeochemical processes, particularly for the Benguela upwelling system, and algorithms are developed using in situ data provided by the World Ocean
Automated micro-tracking planar solar concentrators
Hallas, Justin Matthew
System from Concentrix Solar," in Concentrator Photovoltaics,CPV systems that use arrays of optics and photovoltaics,system so that arrays of paired concentrators and photovoltaics
Linear Motor Powered Transportation
Thornton, Richard D.
This special issue on linear-motor powered transportation covers both supporting technologies and innovative transport systems in various parts of the World, as this technology moves from the lab to commercial operations. ...
2013 IREP Symposium-Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control IX (IREP), August 25-30, 2013, Rethymnon, Greece A Production Simulation Tool for Systems with an Integrated Concentrated Solar
Gross, George
, Rethymnon, Greece A Production Simulation Tool for Systems with an Integrated Concentrated Solar Plant2013 IREP Symposium-Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control ÂIX (IREP), August 25-30, 2013 of the growing interest in effectively harnessing renewable energy resources. The concentrated solar plant (CSP
D. Using fplot, plot the function y = x2. 4 for |x| ? 4 and |y| ? 4. Print your plot and label the axes ... (iii) one eigenvalue is positive and one is negative. (Call this ...
Linear, third- and fifth-order nonlinear spectroscopy of a charge transfer system coupled to an underdamped vibration
Arend G. Dijkstra; Yoshitaka Tanimura
We study hole, electron and exciton transport in a charge transfer system in the presence of underdamped vibrational motion. We analyze the signature of these processes in the linear and third-, and fifth-order nonlinear electronic spectra. Calculations are performed with a numerically exact hierarchical equations of motion method for an underdamped Brownian oscillator spectral density. We find that combining electron, hole and exciton transfer can lead to non-trivial spectra with more structure than with excitonic coupling alone. Traces taken during the waiting time of a two-dimensional spectrum are dominated by vibrational motion and do not reflect the electron, hole, and exciton dynamics directly. We find that the fifth-order nonlinear response is particularly sensitive to the charge transfer process. While third-order 2D spectroscopy detects the correlation between two coherences, fifth-order 2D spectroscopy (2D population spectroscopy) is here designed to detect correlations between the excited states during two different time periods.
Linear Quantum Feedback Networks
J. Gough; R. Gohm; M. Yanagisawa
The mathematical theory of quantum feedback networks has recently been developed for general open quantum dynamical systems interacting with bosonic input fields. In this article we show, for the special case of linear dynamical systems Markovian systems with instantaneous feedback connections, that the transfer functions can be deduced and agree with the algebraic rules obtained in the nonlinear case. Using these rules, we derive the the transfer functions for linear quantum systems in series, in cascade, and in feedback arrangements mediated by beam splitter devices.
Concentration phenomena for neutronic multigroup diffusion in random environments
Scott N. Armstrong; Panagiotis E. Souganidis
We study the asymptotic behavior of the principal eigenvalue of a weakly coupled, cooperative linear elliptic system in a stationary ergodic heterogeneous medium. The system arises as the so-called multigroup diffusion model for neutron flux in nuclear reactor cores, the principal eigenvalue determining the criticality of the reactor in a stationary state. Such systems have been well-studied in recent years in the periodic setting, and the purpose of this work is to obtain results in random media. Our approach connects the linear eigenvalue problem to a system of quasilinear viscous Hamilton-Jacobi equations. By homogenizing the latter, we characterize the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalue of the linear problem and exhibit some concentration behavior of the eigenfunctions.
P. J. Antsaklis, "Notes on Polynomial Matrix Representation of Linear Control Systems," Publication No. 80/17, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Imperial College, June 1980.
Antsaklis, Panos
No. 80/17, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Imperial College, June 1980. #12;P. J. Antsaklis, "Notes of Linear Control Systems," Publication No. 80/17, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Imperial College, June," Publication No. 80/17, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Imperial College, June 1980. #12;P. J. Antsaklis
1. Batarseh, Issa. "Symbolic switch/linear circuit simulator systems and methods," US Patent 8,577,664, Nov 5, 2013.
Pattanaik, Sumanta N.
Patents 1. Batarseh, Issa. "Symbolic switch/linear circuit simulator systems and methods," US Patent 8,577,664, Nov 5, 2013. 2. Batarseh, Issa. "Method of Adapting Solar Tracking Using Variable Step Size," US Patent 8,552,286, October 8, 2013. 3. Cui, Q. and J. J. Liou, "Novel Multi-Gate pHEMT Devices
Simulation of the Ionization Cooling of Muons in Linear RF Systems G. Penn, J.S. Wurtele, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley;
Wurtele, Jonathan
Simulation of the Ionization Cooling of Muons in Linear RF Systems G. Penn, J.S. Wurtele National Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720 Abstract Ionization cooling of muon beams is a crucial component of the proposed muon collider and neutrino factory. Cur- rent studies of cooling channels predominantly use simula
This book is designed to be a comprehensive treatment of parallel al gorithms for optimal control of large scale linear and bilinear systems.
Gajic, Zoran
tion column, steam power system, hydro power plant, chemical plants, gas absorber, supported beam the power and usefulness of the synchronous parallel algorithms for optimal control of large scale linearPreface This book is designed to be a comprehensive treatment of parallel al gorithms for optimal
Development of a Future Representative Concentration Pathway for Use in the IPCC 5th Assessment Earth System Model Simulations
The representative concentration pathway to be delivered is a scenario of atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and other radiatively important atmospheric species, along with land-use changes, derived from the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM). The particular representative concentration pathway (RCP) that the Joint Global Change Research Institute (JGCRI) has been responsible for is a not-to-exceed pathway that stabilizes at a radiative forcing of 4.5Wm-2 in the year 2100.
Low-Cost Heliostat for Modular Systems- Presentation from SunShot Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Program Review 2013
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
This presentation was delivered at the SunShot Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Program Review 2013, held April 23–25, 2013 near Phoenix, Arizona.
An Evaluation of a Dual Coriolis Meter System for In-Line Monitoring of Suspended Solids Concentrations in Radioactive Slurries
Hylton, T.D.
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has millions of gallons of radioactive liquid and sludge wastes stored in underground tanks at several of its sites. In order to comply with various regulations and to circumvent potential problems associated with tank integrity, these wastes must be retrieved from the tanks, transferred to treatment facilities (or other storage locations), and processed to stable waste forms. The sludge wastes will typically be mobilized by some mechanical means (e.g., mixer pump, submerged jet) and mixed with the respective supernatants to create slurries that can be transferred by pipeline to the desired destination. Depending on the DOE site, these slurries may be transferred up to six miles. Since the wastes are radioactive, it is critically important for the transfers to be made without plugging a pipeline. To reduce such a risk, the relevant properties of the slurry (e.g., density, suspended solids concentration, viscosity, and particle size distribution) should be determined to be within acceptable limits prior to transfer. These properties should also be continuously monitored and controlled within specified limits while the transfer is in progress. The baseline method for determining the transport properties of slurries involves sampling and analysis; however, this method is time-consuming, and costly, and it does not provide real-time information. In addition, personnel who collect and analyze the samples are exposed to radiation. It is also questionable as to whether a laboratory analyst can obtain representative aliquots from the sample jar for these solid-liquid mixtures. The alternative method for determining the transport properties is in-line analysis. An in-line instrument is one that is connected to the process, analyzes the slurry as it flows through or by the instrument, and provides the results within seconds. This instrument can provide immediate feedback to operators so that, when necessary, the operators can respond quickly to counteract conditions that could lead to pipeline pluggage (e.g., backflushing the pipeline with water). One of the highest priorities is to determine the concentration of suspended solids in each of the slurries. In the project described in this report, two Coriolis meters were used simultaneously to create a suspended solids monitoring system that would provide accurate results with high precision. One Coriolis meter was used to measure the density of the slurry, while the other meter was used to measure the density of the carrier fluid (i.e., after filtration to remove the solid particles). The suspended solids concentration was then calculated from the density relationships between the slurry, the carrier fluid, and the dry solid particles. The latter density was determined by laboratory analysis and was assumed to be constant throughout the periods that grab samples were collected.
Duality and integrability: Electromagnetism, linearized gravity, and massless higher spin gauge fields as bi-Hamiltonian systems
Barnich, Glenn; Troessaert, Cedric [Physique Theorique et Mathematique, Universite Libre de Bruxelles and International Solvay Institutes, Campus Plaine C.P. 231, B-1050 Bruxelles (Belgium)
In the reduced phase space of electromagnetism, the generator of duality rotations in the usual Poisson bracket is shown to generate Maxwell's equations in a second, much simpler Poisson bracket. This gives rise to a hierarchy of bi-Hamiltonian evolution equations in the standard way. The result can be extended to linearized Yang-Mills theory, linearized gravity, and massless higher spin gauge fields.
Use of a directional spray system design to control respirable dust and free gas concentrations around a continuous mining machine
Goodman, G.V.R.; Pollock, D.E. [NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA (US). Pittsburgh Research Lab.
A laboratory study assessed the impacts of water spray pressure, face ventilation quantity, and line brattice setback distance on respirable dust and SF6 tracer gas concentrations around a continuous mining machine using a sprayfan or directional spray system. Dust levels were measured at locations representing the mining machine operator and the standard and off standard shuttle car operators, and in the return airway. The results showed that changes in all three independent variables significantly affected log-transformed dust levels at the three operator sampling locations. Changes in setback distance impacted return airway dust levels. Laboratory testing also identified numerous variable interactions affecting dust levels. Tracer gas levels were measured on the left and right sides of the cutting drum and in the return. Untransformed gas levels around the cutting drum were significantly affected by changes in water pressure, face ventilation quantity, and setback distance. Return gas levels measured at the low curtain quantity were generally unaffected by changes in water pressure or curtain setback distance. At the high curtain quantity, return airway gas levels were affected by curtain setback distance. A field study was conducted to assess the impact of these parameters in an actual mining operation. These data showed that respirable dust levels may have been impacted by a change in water pressure and, to a lesser extent, by an increase in curtain setback distance. A series of tracer gas pulse tests were also conducted during this study. The results showed that effectiveness of the face ventilation was impacted by changes in curtain flow quantity and setback distance.
Spectrally selective beam splitters designed to decouple quantum and thermal solar energy conversion in hybrid concentrating systems: Final report, Phase 1 and 2
Osborn, D.E.
The technical feasibility and flexibility of developing elements that separate concentrated solar irradiation into specific spectral regions matched to specific photoquantum processes have been shown. These elements, spectrally selective beam splitters or filters, are designed to decouple quantum and thermal solar energy conversion in hybrid concentrating systems. Both interference filters and liquid absorption filters were investigated for use as spectrally selective beam splitters. Spectral selectivity is investigated for a variety of quantum systems with various spectral windows utilizing interference and absorption filters designed. Detailed analysis of one typical quantum system is provided consisting of a model of the silicon cell photovoltaic/photothermal hybrid system using spectral selectivity. The performance benefits of this approach are shown. Interference filters show the greatest flexibility and ability to match specific spectral windows. Liquid absorption filters appear to be a lower cost option, when an appropriate spectrally selective solution that can be used as a heat transfer fluid is available. 18 refs., 88 figs., 9 tabs.
Analysis of concentrating PV-T systems for the commercial/industrial sector. Volume II. PV-T state-of-the-art survey and site/application pair selection and analysis
Schwinkendorf, W.E.
As part of a project to develop feasibility assessments, design procedures, and reference designs for total energy systems that could use actively cooled concentrating photovoltaic collectors, a survey was conducted to provide an overview of available photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) technology. General issues associated with the design and installation of a PV-T system are identified. Electrical and thermal efficiencies for the line-focus Fresnel, the linear parabolic trough, and the point-focus Fresnel collectors are specified as a function of operating temperature, ambient temperature, and insolation. For current PV-T technologies, the line-focus Fresnel collector proved to have the highest thermal and electrical efficiencies, lowest array cost, and lowest land area requirement. But a separate feasibility analysis involving 11 site/application pairs showed that for most applications, the cost of the photovoltaic portion of a PV-T system is not recovered through the displacement of an electrical load, and use of a thermal-only system to displace the thermal load would be a more economical alternative. PV-T systems are not feasible for applications that have a small thermal load, a large steam requirement, or a high load return temperature. SAND82-7157/3 identifies the technical issues involved in designing a photovoltaic-thermal system and provides guidance for resolving such issues. Detailed PV-T system designs for three selected applications and the results of a trade-off study for these applications are presented in SAND82-7157/4. A summary of the major results of this entire study and conclusions concerning PV-T systems and applications is presented in SAND82-7157/1.
Software and codes for analysis of concentrating solar power technologies.
Ho, Clifford Kuofei
This report presents a review and evaluation of software and codes that have been used to support Sandia National Laboratories concentrating solar power (CSP) program. Additional software packages developed by other institutions and companies that can potentially improve Sandia's analysis capabilities in the CSP program are also evaluated. The software and codes are grouped according to specific CSP technologies: power tower systems, linear concentrator systems, and dish/engine systems. A description of each code is presented with regard to each specific CSP technology, along with details regarding availability, maintenance, and references. A summary of all the codes is then presented with recommendations regarding the use and retention of the codes. A description of probabilistic methods for uncertainty and sensitivity analyses of concentrating solar power technologies is also provided.
Concentrating photovoltaic solar panel
Cashion, Steven A; Bowser, Michael R; Farrelly, Mark B; Hines, Braden E; Holmes, Howard C; Johnson, Jr., Richard L; Russell, Richard J; Turk, Michael F
The present invention relates to photovoltaic power systems, photovoltaic concentrator modules, and related methods. In particular, the present invention features concentrator modules having interior points of attachment for an articulating mechanism and/or an articulating mechanism that has a unique arrangement of chassis members so as to isolate bending, etc. from being transferred among the chassis members. The present invention also features adjustable solar panel mounting features and/or mounting features with two or more degrees of freedom. The present invention also features a mechanical fastener for secondary optics in a concentrator module.
Scattering Solar Thermal Concentrators
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
"This fact sheet describes a scattering solar thermal concentrators project awarded under the DOE's 2012 SunShot Concentrating Solar Power R&D award program. The team, led by the Pennsylvania State University, is working to demonstrate a new, scattering-based approach to concentrating sunlight that aims to improve the overall performance and reliability of the collector field. The research team aims to show that scattering solar thermal collectors are capable of achieving optical performance equal to state-of-the-art parabolic trough systems, but with the added benefits of immunity to wind-load tracking error, more efficient land use, and utilization of stationary receivers."
310 JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS, VOL. 16, NO. 2, APRIL 2007 Linear and Nonlinear Tuning of Parametrically
Rhoads, Jeffrey F.
. In particular, advances in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) make feasible the idea of microscopic devices in many applications such as the control of vehicular platoons, flow control, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), smart structures, and systems described by partial differential equations with constant
Sikes, Derek S.
MATH F314-F71 Linear Algebra Summer 2014 Instructor: Dr. Dana E. Madison, demadison2@alaska is by email. Class Dates and Times: July 7 August 14, 12:00pm 1:50pm Textbook: Linear Algebra and its: This is a first course in linear algebra that starts with the basic objects vectors, matrices, systems of linear
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645U.S. DOE Office of Science (SC)Integrated Codes |Is Your HomeLatestCenter (LMI-EFRC) -Choices toLeeLinear Accelerator
Results and Comparison from the SAM Linear Fresnel Technology Performance Model: Preprint
Wagner, M. J.
This paper presents the new Linear Fresnel technology performance model in NREL's System Advisor Model. The model predicts the financial and technical performance of direct-steam-generation Linear Fresnel power plants, and can be used to analyze a range of system configurations. This paper presents a brief discussion of the model formulation and motivation, and provides extensive discussion of the model performance and financial results. The Linear Fresnel technology is also compared to other concentrating solar power technologies in both qualitative and quantitative measures. The Linear Fresnel model - developed in conjunction with the Electric Power Research Institute - provides users with the ability to model a variety of solar field layouts, fossil backup configurations, thermal receiver designs, and steam generation conditions. This flexibility aims to encompass current market solutions for the DSG Linear Fresnel technology, which is seeing increasing exposure in fossil plant augmentation and stand-alone power generation applications.
Shaon Sahoo; Soumya Kanti Ganguly
Contrary to the actual nonlinear Glauber model (NLGM), the linear Glauber model (LGM) is exactly solvable, although the detailed balance condition is not generally satisfied. This motivates us to address the issue of writing the transition rate ($w_j$) in a best possible linear form such that the mean squared error in satisfying the detailed balance condition is least. The advantage of this work is that, by studying the LGM analytically, we will be able to anticipate how the kinetic properties of an arbitrary Ising system depend on the temperature and the coupling constants. The analytical expressions for the optimal values of the parameters involved in the linear $w_j$ are obtained using a simple Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse matrix. This approach is quite general, in principle applicable to any system and can reproduce the exact results for one dimensional Ising system. In the continuum limit, we get a linear time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equation from the Glauber's microscopic model of non-conservative dynamics. We analyze the critical and dynamic properties of the model, and show that most of the important results obtained in different studies can be reproduced by our new mathematical approach. We will also show in this paper that the effect of magnetic field can easily be studied within our approach; in particular, we show that the inverse of relaxation time changes quadratically with (weak) magnetic field and that the fluctuation-dissipation theorem is valid for our model.
Analysis of concentrating PV-T systems for the commercial/industrial sector. Volume III. Technical issues and design guidance
Schwinkendorf, W.E.
This report provide appropriate guidance for addressing the major technical issues associated with the design and installation of a photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) system. Nomographs are presented for developing preliminary sizing and costing, and issues associated with specific components and the overall design of the electrical and mechanical system are discussed. SAND82-7157/2 presents a review of current PV-T technology and operating systems and a study of potential PV-T applications. Detailed PV-T system designs for three selected applications and the results of a trade-off study for these applications are presented in SAND82-7157/4. A summary of the major results of this entire study and conclusions concerning PV-T systems and applications is presented in SAND82-7157/1.
Quantization of general linear electrodynamics
Rivera, Sergio; Schuller, Frederic P. [Albert Einstein Institute, Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam (Germany)
General linear electrodynamics allow for an arbitrary linear constitutive relation between the field strength 2-form and induction 2-form density if crucial hyperbolicity and energy conditions are satisfied, which render the theory predictive and physically interpretable. Taking into account the higher-order polynomial dispersion relation and associated causal structure of general linear electrodynamics, we carefully develop its Hamiltonian formulation from first principles. Canonical quantization of the resulting constrained system then results in a quantum vacuum which is sensitive to the constitutive tensor of the classical theory. As an application we calculate the Casimir effect in a birefringent linear optical medium.
Airborne agent concentration analysis
Gelbard, Fred
A method and system for inferring airborne contaminant concentrations in rooms without contaminant sensors, based on data collected by contaminant sensors in other rooms of a building, using known airflow interconnectivity data. The method solves a least squares problem that minimizes the difference between measured and predicted contaminant sensor concentrations with respect to an unknown contaminant release time. Solutions are constrained to providing non-negative initial contaminant concentrations in all rooms. The method can be used to identify a near-optimal distribution of sensors within the building, when then number of available sensors is less than the total number of rooms. This is achieved by having a system-sensor matrix that is non-singular, and by selecting that distribution which yields the lowest condition number of all the distributions considered. The method can predict one or more contaminant initial release points from the collected data.
Jacques Carolan; Chris Harrold; Chris Sparrow; Enrique Martín-López; Nicholas J. Russell; Joshua W. Silverstone; Peter J. Shadbolt; Nobuyuki Matsuda; Manabu Oguma; Mikitaka Itoh; Graham D. Marshall; Mark G. Thompson; Jonathan C. F. Matthews; Toshikazu Hashimoto; Jeremy L. O'Brien; Anthony Laing
Linear optics underpins tests of fundamental quantum mechanics and computer science, as well as quantum technologies. Here we experimentally demonstrate the longstanding goal of a single reprogrammable optical circuit that is sufficient to implement all possible linear optical protocols up to the size of that circuit. Our six-mode universal system consists of a cascade of 15 Mach-Zehnder interferometers with 30 thermo-optic phase shifters integrated into a single photonic chip that is electrically and optically interfaced for arbitrary setting of all phase shifters, input of up to six photons and their measurement with a 12 single-photon detector system. We programmed this system to implement heralded quantum logic and entangling gates, boson sampling with verification tests, and six-dimensional complex Hadamards. We implemented 100 Haar random unitaries with average fidelity 0.999 $\\pm$ 0.001. Our system is capable of switching between these and any other linear optical protocol in seconds. These results point the way to applications across fundamental science and quantum technologies.
Maggiore, Manfredi
MANEUVER REGULATION, TRANSVERSE FEEDBACK LINEARIZATION, AND ZERO DYNAMICS Chris Nielsen,1 Manfredi focus is on output maneuver regulation where stabilizing transverse dynamics is a key requirement. Keywords: Maneuver regulation, path following, feedback linearization, zero dynamics, non-square systems
Event-Triggered Observer-based Output-Feedback Stabilization of Linear System with Communication Delays in the Measurements
Boyer, Edmond
Department of GIPSA-lab, CNRS, Univ. of Grenoble, Grenoble, France. Institute of Engineering, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico. Faculty of Electronics, Autonomous University of Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico. E, miniaturized and interconnected systems, there is a growing interest in Net- worked Control Systems (NCSs
My RESEARCH INTERESTS concentrate on: Design and implementation of novel cyber-physical systems with an enhanced functionality, security and
Reznik, Leon
. Melton and L. Reznik GPU-Based Simulation of Spiking Neural Networks with Real-Time Performance and High with an enhanced functionality, security and reliability and built upon sensor and control network platforms and reliability to security and safety Example : Integral quality evaluation procedures in cyber-physical systems
Buttram, M.T.; Ginn, J.W.
A linear induction accelerator includes a plurality of adder cavities arranged in a series and provided in a structure which is evacuated so that a vacuum inductance is provided between each adder cavity and the structure. An energy storage system for the adder cavities includes a pulsed current source and a respective plurality of bipolar converting networks connected thereto. The bipolar high-voltage, high-repetition-rate square pulse train sets and resets the cavities. 4 figs.
Robust Linearization of RF Amplifiers Using NonLinear Internal Model Control Method
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Robust Linearization of RF Amplifiers Using NonLinear Internal Model Control Method Smail Bachir #1, the nonlinear Internal Model Control (IMC) method is introduced and applied to linearize high frequency Power to be controlled [8]. If the model is a perfect representation of the non linear system, the controller can
Modelling acceptance of sunlight in high and low photovoltaic concentration
Leutz, Ralf, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Leutz Optics and Illumination UG (haftungsbeschränkt), Marburg (Germany)
A simple model incorporating linear radiation characteristics, along with the optical trains and geometrical concentration ratios of solar concentrators is presented with performance examples for optical trains of HCPV, LCPV and benchmark flat-plate PV.
Advanced Control Algorithms for Discrete Linear Repetitive Processes in Self-servowriting of Hard Disk Drives
Dong, Feng Dan
Stability and control of differential linear repetitiveLinear matrix inequalities in systems and control theory .and M. Phan. Linear quadratic optimal control (lql). Int.
Abstract--Pneumatic systems are highly non-linear by their nature. Despite their many advantages like reliability,
Barth, Eric J.
presents the development of a robust observer based controller to eliminate costly pressure sensors the effectiveness of this pressure observer based controller. I. INTRODUCTION HE use of pneumatic systems for task robotic uses. Pandian et al. [1] presented a sliding mode controller for position control that showed good
Further results on saturated globally stabilizing linear state feedback control laws for single-input neutrally stable planar systems
Johansson, Karl Henrik
-input neutrally stable planar systems Tao Yang1, Anton A. Stoorvogel2, Ali Saberi3, and Karl H. Johansson1 of Ali Saberi is partially supported by National Science Foundation grant NSF-0901137, NAVY grants ONRSchool of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, U.S.A. E-mail: saberi
High dimensional linear inverse modelling
Cooper, Fenwick C
We introduce and demonstrate two linear inverse modelling methods for systems of stochastic ODE's with accuracy that is independent of the dimensionality (number of elements) of the state vector representing the system in question. Truncation of the state space is not required. Instead we rely on the principle that perturbations decay with distance or the fact that for many systems, the state of each data point is only determined at an instant by itself and its neighbours. We further show that all necessary calculations, as well as numerical integration of the resulting linear stochastic system, require computational time and memory proportional to the dimensionality of the state vector.
Linearization using Digital Predistortion of a High-Speed, Pulsed, Radio Frequency Power Amplifier for VHF Radar Depth-Sounder Systems
Player, Kevin
was developed and linearized using memoryless digital predistortion (DP) to obtain high linearity and high efficiency. The DP linearization decreased near-range side-lobe levels 11 dB from -46 dBc to -57 dBc, with a maximum reduction in the far-range side...
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS, VOL. 25, NO. 6, JUNE 2006 1087 SILCA: SPICE-Accurate Iterative Linear-Centric
Shi, C.-J. Richard
--A new circuit analysis method, named SPICE- accurate iterative linear-centric analysis (SILCA 2006 1087 SILCA: SPICE-Accurate Iterative Linear-Centric Analysis for Efficient Time-Domain Simulation integrated (VLSI) circuits with strong parasitic couplings. SILCA consists of two key linear-centric tech
An elastic mounting system for a wing providing continuously non-linear responses in pitch and plunge
Barnett, Walter Joseph
the other wire is winding onto the cam. The approach taken here is to specify, a priori, the shape of the portion of the cam onto which the wires are wrapped when no moment is applied to the system. This approach allows the moment for the unwinding wire... to allow for rotation about a central point. A wire, including an extension' spring, is attached to a point, B, on the cam and is anchored to a fixed point, A. The wire contacts the cam at a point, P, which is tangent to the straight line drawn from A...
On the generalization of linear least mean squares estimation to quantum systems with non-commutative outputs
Nina H. Amini; Zibo Miao; Yu Pan; Matthew R. James; Hideo Mabuchi
The purpose of this paper is to study the problem of generalizing the Belavkin-Kalman filter to the case where the classical measurement signal is replaced by a fully quantum non-commutative output signal. We formulate a least mean squares estimation problem that involves a non-commutative system as the filter processing the non-commutative output signal. We solve this estimation problem within the framework of non-commutative probability. Also, we find the necessary and sufficient conditions which make these non-commutative estimators physically realizable.
Process for concentrated biomass saccharification
Hennessey, Susan M. (Avondale, PA); Seapan, Mayis (Landenberg, PA); Elander, Richard T. (Evergreen, CO); Tucker, Melvin P. (Lakewood, CO)
Processes for saccharification of pretreated biomass to obtain high concentrations of fermentable sugars are provided. Specifically, a process was developed that uses a fed batch approach with particle size reduction to provide a high dry weight of biomass content enzymatic saccharification reaction, which produces a high sugars concentration hydrolysate, using a low cost reactor system.
Chapter 1. Systems. 1.1. On Line. In this introductory section we will pose no exercises, but instead, will detail. how to use Maple to solve problems in linear ...
T. T. Moh
goal of this course is to enable you to recognize linear algebra problems ... descriptions of other people's solutions to problems that use linear algebra and to
Design of inflatable solar concentrator
Carrasquillo, Omar (Omar Y. Carrasquillo De Armas)
Solar concentrators improve the performance of solar collection systems by increasing the amount of usable energy available for a given collector size. Unfortunately, they are not known for their light weight and portability, ...
Reversible concentric ring microfluidic interconnects
Thompson, Mary Kathryn, 1980-
A reversible, Chip-to-Chip microfluidic interconnect was designed for use in high temperature, high pressure applications such as chemical microreactor systems. The interconnect uses two sets of concentric, interlocking ...
Concentrated solar power on demand
Codd, Daniel Shawn
This thesis describes a new concentrating solar power central receiver system with integral thermal storage. Hillside mounted heliostats direct sunlight into a volumetric absorption molten salt pool, which also functions ...
The design and performance of a water cooling system for a prototype coupled cavity linear particle accelerator for the spallation neutron source
Bernardin, J. D. (John D.); Ammerman, C. N. (Curtt N.); Hopkins, S. M. (Steve M.)
The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is a facility being designed for scientific and industrial research and development. The SNS will generate and employ neutrons as a research tool in a variety of disciplines including biology, material science, superconductivity, chemistry, etc. The neutrons will be produced by bombarding a heavy metal target with a high-energy beam of protons, generated and accelerated with a linear particle accelerator, or linac. The low energy end of the linac consists of, in part, a multi-cell copper structure termed a coupled cavity linac (CCL). The CCL is responsible for accelerating the protons from an energy of 87 MeV, to 185 MeV. Acceleration of the charged protons is achieved by the use of large electrical field gradients established within specially designed contoured cavities of the CCL. While a large amount of the electrical energy is used to accelerate the protons, approximately 60-80% of this electrical energy is dissipated in the CCL's copper structure. To maintain an acceptable operating temperature, as well as minimize thermal stresses and maintain desired contours of the accelerator cavities, the electrical waste heat must be removed from the CCL structure. This is done using specially designed water cooling passages within the linac's copper structure. Cooling water is supplied to these cooling passages by a complex water cooling and temperature control system. This paper discusses the design, analysis, and testing of a water cooling system for a prototype CCL. First, the design concept and method of water temperature control is discussed. Second, the layout of the prototype water cooling system, including the selection of plumbing components, instrumentation, as well as controller hardware and software is presented. Next, the development of a numerical network model used to size the pump, heat exchanger, and plumbing equipment, is discussed. Finally, empirical pressure, flow rate, and temperature data from the prototype CCL water cooling tests are used to assess water cooling system performance and numerical modeling accuracy.
Simultaneous electromagnetically induced transparency for two circularly polarized lasers coupled to the same linearly polarized laser in a four-level atomic system in the W scheme
Bahrim, Cristian; Nelson, Chris [Department of Physics, Lamar University, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710 (United States)
Electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT) can be produced in a four-level atomic system in the W scheme using a linearly polarized optical field for simultaneously slowing down two {sigma}{sup +} and {sigma}{sup -} circularly polarized optical fields. This four-level atomic system can be set up with a |{sup 1}S{sub 0}> ground state and three Zeeman levels of the |{sup 1}P{sub 1}> excited state of any alkali-metal atom placed in a weak magnetic field. We apply our W scheme to ultracold magnesium atoms for neglecting the collisional dephasing. Atomic coherences are reported after solving a density matrix master equation including radiative relaxations from Zeeman states of the |{sup 1}P{sub 1}> multiplet to the |{sup 1}S{sub 0}> ground state. The EIT feature is analyzed using the transit time between the normal dispersive region and the EIT region. The evolution of the EIT feature with the variation of the coupling field is discussed using an intuitive dressed-state representation. We analyze the sensitivity of an EIT feature to pressure broadening of the excited Zeeman states.
Concentrating Solar Power Forum Concentrating Photovoltaics (Presentation)
Kurtz, S.
This presentation's summaries: a convenient truth, comparison of three concentrator technologies, value of high efficiency, and status of industry.
Boundary approximate controllability of some linear parabolic April 5, 2013
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Boundary approximate controllability of some linear parabolic systems April 5, 2013 Guillaume Olive controllability of two classes of linear parabolic systems, namely a system of n heat equations coupled through are the only ones concerning the boundary controllability of linear parabolic systems of heat-type. For more
Koutsoukos, Xenofon D.
HIERARCHICAL CONTROL FOR A CLASS OF UNCERTAIN PIECEWISE LINEAR HYBRID DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS Hai Lin ,1 for illustration. Keywords: Hybrid Systems, Piecewise Linear Systems, Hierarchical Control, Uncertainty 1 of the appropriate controller. In this paper we consider uncertain piecewise linear hybrid dynamical systems
Dereverberation by linear systems techniques
Schell, John August
and thus the behavior of the water model is determined. In a similar manner, all the co. fiicients of the imouls. . response of the earth are determined. VI, CONCLUSION This thesis has developed a linea?, recursive model for a reverb rating =ystem...
2005 Conference on Information Sciences and Systems, The Johns Hopkins University, March 1618, 2005 A Linear Daisy Chain with Two Divisible Load Sources
Robertazzi, Thomas G.
load amounts at each source the overall (dual source) solution time curve is equal to the single source18, 2005 A Linear Daisy Chain with Two Divisible Load Sources Theron Lammie and Thomas G. email@example.com Abstract -- A finite linear daisy chain with divisible load origi- nating from the two boundary stations
Modeling of concentrating solar thermoelectric generators
Ren, Zhifeng
The conversion of solar power into electricity is dominated by non-concentrating photovoltaics and concentrating solar thermal systems. Recently, it has been shown that solar thermoelectric generators (STEGs) are a viable ...
1. Solve the foIIowing linear system and write your solut.ion in parametric vectorform. (12) 2. For each of the following matrices, either find its inver:w or explain why it is
Argerami, Martin
01 '". :r (10) 1. Solve the foIIowing linear system and write your solut.ion in parametric\\()') -=-. ~;;L (b) Find det(A3 B). ? ckt\\A '} I))-=. (drtA) , dtst\\~ ~ -= ~ ((()(2'ftX\\)) '3 ::: (~) (2) 3
Concentrating Photovoltaics (Presentation)
Kurtz, S.
Solar is growing rapidly, and the concentrating photovoltaics industry-both high- and low-concentration cell approaches-may be ready to ramp production in 2009.
Concentrated Solar Thermoelectric Power
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER PROGRAM REVIEW 2013 Concentrated Solar Thermoelectric Power Principal Investigator: Prof. Gang Chen Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA...
Antsaklis, Panos
HIERARCHICAL CONTROL FOR A CLASS OF UNCERTAIN PIECEWISE LINEAR HYBRID DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS Hai Lin ,1 for illustration. Keywords: Hybrid Systems, Piecewise Linear Systems, Hierarchical Control, Uncertainty 1, X.D. Koutsoukos and P.J. Antsaklis, "Hierarchical Control for A Class of Uncertain Piecewise Linear
Assumptions that imply quantum dynamics is linear
Thomas F. Jordan
A basic linearity of quantum dynamics, that density matrices are mapped linearly to density matrices, is proved very simply for a system that does not interact with anything else. It is assumed that at each time the physical quantities and states are described by the usual linear structures of quantum mechanics. Beyond that, the proof assumes only that the dynamics does not depend on anything outside the system but must allow the system to be described as part of a larger system. The basic linearity is linked with previously established results to complete a simple derivation of the linear Schrodinger equation. For this it is assumed that density matrices are mapped one-to-one onto density matrices. An alternative is to assume that pure states are mapped one-to-one onto pure states and that entropy does not decrease.
APPENDIX 475 C. Some Results from Linear Algebra
Gajic, Zoran
APPENDIX 475 C. Some Results from Linear Algebra Linear algebra plays a very important role some standard and important linear algebra results. Definite Matrices Definition C.1: A square matrix of dimensions 798A@ is the space spanned by vectors B that satisfy CDBFEHG . Systems of Linear Algebraic
Generalized Linear Quadratic Control
Gattami, Ather Said
We consider the problem of stochastic finite- and infinite-horizon linear quadratic control under power constraints. The calculations of the optimal control law can be done off-line as in the classical linear quadratic ...
The Microscopic Linear Dynamics
Penny, Will
The Microscopic Brain Will Penny Linear Dynamics Exponentials Matrix Exponential Eigendecomposition Dynamical Modes Nodes State Space Saddles Oscillations Spirals Centres Offsets Retinal Circuit Nullclines Stability Spiking Neurons Fitzhugh-Nagumo Nonlinear Dynamics Linearization Nonlinear Oscillation Excitable
Zeghib, Abdelghani
Introduction Results Linear Dynamics Lorentz Dynamics Actions of discrete groups on stationary Piccione) Geodeycos Meeting, Lyon, 28-30 April 2010 Abdelghani Zeghib Dynamics on Lorentz manifolds #12;Introduction Results Linear Dynamics Lorentz Dynamics Motivations and questions Examples 1 Introduction
Introduction to Linear Relaxations
Introduction to Linear Relaxations by R. Baker Kearfott Department of Mathematics University relaxations; . discuss validation of linear relaxations. Intro. Linear Relaxations December, 2003 Taylor, . . . , m 2 , where # : R n # R and c i , g i : R n # R are guaranteed to be within one of the x # that has
A linear induction motor conveyer
Solinsky, Kenneth Sheldon
wave 14. Fundamentals of inducing a magnetic field. 25 15. Dsr made of conducting material placed above six current carrying wire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 16. Change in conductor's magnetic field with time. 27 17. Origin of. forces..., it is pos- sible to design a mears of moving certain objects, such that the arly moving parts of the entire convey- ing system are the items to be moved. Such a system can be used to move any item made of a nonmagnetic conductor. A linear inductior...
On Cyber Security for Networked Control Systems
Amin, Saurabh
optimal control and stabilization for linear systems with bounded controloptimal switching control for abstract linear systems onoptimal control for discrete-time, linear dynamical systems in which control
Sandia National Laboratories: Concentrating Solar Power
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Molten Salt Test Loop Pump Installed On August 30, 2012, in Concentrating Solar Power, Energy, Energy Storage Systems, News, Renewable Energy, Solar The pump was delivered and...
Chance–Constrained Linear Matrix Inequalities with Dependent ...
Jan 27, 2011 ... Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, The ..... as systems of linear matrix inequalities. .... Observe that the quality.
Combined effect of chemical pressure and valence electron concentration through the electron-deficient Li substitution on the RE{sub 4}LiGe{sub 4} (RE=La, Ce, Pr, and Sm) system
Nam, Gnu; Jeon, Jieun; Kim, Youngjo [Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763 (Korea, Republic of); Kwon Kang, Sung [Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungnam 305-764 (Korea, Republic of); Ahn, Kyunghan [Advanced Materials Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-712 (Korea, Republic of); You, Tae-Soo, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763 (Korea, Republic of)
Four members of the RE{sub 4}LiGe{sub 4} (RE=La, Ce, Pr, and Sm) system have been prepared by high-temperature reaction method and characterized by X-ray diffractions. All compounds crystallize in the orthorhombic Gd{sub 5}Si{sub 4}-type structure (space group Pnma, Pearson code oP16) with bonding interactions for interslab Ge{sub 2} dimers. The Li substitution for rare-earth elements in the RE{sub 4}LiGe{sub 4} system leads to a combined effect of the increased chemical pressure and the decreased valance electron concentration (VEC), which eventually results in the structure transformation from the Sm{sub 5}Ge{sub 4}-type with all broken interslab Ge–Ge bond for the parental RE{sub 5}Ge{sub 4} to the Gd{sub 5}Si{sub 4}-type structure for the ternary RE{sub 4}LiGe{sub 4} (RE=La, Ce, Pr, and Sm) system. Site-preference between rare-earth metals and Li is proven to generate energetically the most favorable atomic arrangements according to coloring-problem, and the rationale is provided using both the size-factor and the electronic-factor related, respectively, to site-volume and electronegativity as well as QVAL values. Tight-binding, linear-muffin-tin-orbital (TB-LMTO) calculations are performed to investigate electronic densities of states (DOS) and crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) curves. The influence of reduced VEC for chemical bonding including the formation of interslab Ge{sub 2} dimers is also discussed. The magnetic property measurements prove that the non-magnetic Li substitution leads to the ferromagnetic (FM)-like ground state for Ce{sub 4}LiGe{sub 4} and the co-existence of antiferromagntic (AFM) and FM ground states for Sm{sub 4}LiGe{sub 4}. - Graphical abstract: Reported is a combined effect of the chemical pressure and the reduced VEC caused by the smaller monovalent non-magnetic Li substitution for the larger trivalent magnetic rare-earth metals in the RE{sub 4}LiGe{sub 4} (RE=La, Ce, Pr, and Sm) system. This results in the structure transformation from the Sm{sub 5}Ge{sub 4}-type to the Gd{sub 5}Si{sub 4}-type structure and the changes in magnetic properties. Display Omitted - Highlights: • Four Li-containing intermetallic compounds RE{sub 4}LiGe{sub 4} (RE=La, Ce, Pr and Sm) were synthesized. • The combined effect of the chemical pressure and the reduced VEC caused by Li substitution for a rare-earth metal results in the structure transformation. • Electronic structures and magnetic properties of title compounds were thoroughly investigated.
Demmel, James; Holtz, Olga; Dumitriu, Ioana
than other basic linear algebra subroutines. AcknowledgmentsApplied Numerical Linear Algebra. SIAM, 1997. [23] J.algorithms in numerical linear algebra. SIAM Review, 20:740–
A circumferential slot virtual impactor for bioaerosol concentration
Adams, Clinton Wayne
A virtual impactor aerosol concentrator with a circumferential inlet slot has been built and tested. Circumferential slot virtual impactors (CSVIs) have low pressure losses, similar to linear slot impactors, but without particle losses due to end...
Moore, John Barratt
and numerical tool in optimal control problems associated with linear systems having state space descriptions optimal controllers for known multivariable linear stochastic systems. There are some inherent robustnessFREQUENCY SHAPED LINEAR OPTIMAL CONTROL WXTH TRANSFER FUNCTION RICCATI EQUATIONS* John B. Moore** D
Not Available
Summarizes the goals and activities of the DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program efforts within its concentrating solar power subprogram.
Why quantum dynamics is linear
Thomas F. Jordan
Quantum dynamics is linear. How do we know? From theory or experiment? The history of this question is reviewed. Nonlinear generalizations of quantum mechanics have been proposed. They predict small but clear nonlinear effects, which very accurate experiments have not seen. Is there a reason in principle why nonlinearity is not found? Is it impossible? Does quantum dynamics have to be linear? Attempts to prove this have not been decisive, because either their assumptions are not compelling or their arguments are not conclusive. The question has been left unsettled. There is a simple answer, based on a simple assumption. It was found in two steps separated by 44 years. They are steps back to simpler and more compelling assumptions. A proof of the assumptions of the Wigner-Bargmann proof has been known since 1962. It assumes that the maps of density matrices in time are linear. For this step, it is also assumed that density matrices are mapped one-to-one onto density matrices. An alternative is to assume that pure states are mapped one-to-one onto pure states and that entropy does not decrease. In a step taken in 2006, it is proved that the maps of density matrices in time are linear. It is assumed, as in the earlier step, that at each time the physical quantities and states are described by the usual linear structures of quantum mechanics, so the question is only about how things change in time. Beyond that, the proof assumes only that the dynamics does not depend on anything outside the system, but must allow the system to be described as part of a larger system.
Concentrating aqueous acetate solutions with tertiary amines
Lee, Champion
concentrations. ) 73 FIGURE Page 47 Correlation between Kd and water concentration in the organic phase for the calcium acetate/water/amine system. (TEA:DEME mL:1 mL, initial calcium acetate= 1%(w/w)) 48 Correlation between Kd and water concentration... in the organic phase for the calcium acetate/water/amine system. (TEA;DEMAW mL:1 mL, initial calcium acetate= 2%(w/w)) 49 Correlation between Kd and water concentration in the organic phase for the calcium acetate/water/amine system. (TEA:DEMAW mL:1 m...
Controller Synthesis of Discrete Linear Plants Using MATTEO SLANINA
Sankaranarayanan, Sriram
Controller Synthesis of Discrete Linear Plants Using Polyhedra MATTEO SLANINA Stanford University controllers for linear discrete systems with disturbances. Given a plant description and a safety We study techniques for synthesizing synchronous controllers for affine plants with disturbances
Abstract--In order to design a model based controller availability of a linear model of the system to be controlled is
Boyer, Edmond
-elastic simulators. The use of such linearized models describing the WT dynamics was a real breakthrough, since of the resulting models is unnecessarily high for describing the plant dynamics, including non- observable modes, mechanical modelling, electrical models, etc. Based on these researches, some advanced WT simulation tools
Development of the SEA Corporation Powergrid{trademark} photovoltaic concentrator
Kaminar, N.; Curchod, D.; Daroczi, S.; Walpert, M.; Sahagian, J.; Pepper, J. [Photovoltaics International, LLC, Sunnyvale, CA (United States)
This report covers the three phase effort to bring the SEA Corporation`s Powergrid{trademark} from the concept stage to pilot production. The three phases of this contract covered component development, prototype module development, and pilot line production. The Powergrid is a photovoltaic concentrator that generates direct current electricity directly from sunlight using a linear Fresnel lens. Analysis has shown that the Powergrid has the potential to be very low cost in volume production. Before the start of the project, only proof of concept demonstrations of the components had been completed. During the project, SEA Corporation developed a low cost extruded Fresnel lens, a low cost receiver assembly using one sun type cells, a low cost plastic module housing, a single axis tracking system and frame structure, and pilot production equipment and techniques. In addition, an 800 kW/yr pilot production rate was demonstrated and two 40 kW systems were manufactured and installed.
Using Linearity Web Copyright 2007
Rodriguez, Carlos
Using Linearity Web Rev. 2.0 May 2007 Copyright © 2007 #12;Using Linearity Web i Contents Introduction to Linearity Web.............................................................................1 Features, Benefits, and Value of Linearity Web..............................................1 Before You
A polynomial projection algorithm for linear programming
algorithm is based on a procedure whose input is a homogeneous system of linear ..... In this case s = 0 and the procedure sets the output vector yout to 0.
W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy; Florentin Smarandache
In this book, the authors introduce the notion of Super linear algebra and super vector spaces using the definition of super matrices defined by Horst (1963). This book expects the readers to be well-versed in linear algebra. Many theorems on super linear algebra and its properties are proved. Some theorems are left as exercises for the reader. These new class of super linear algebras which can be thought of as a set of linear algebras, following a stipulated condition, will find applications in several fields using computers. The authors feel that such a paradigm shift is essential in this computerized world. Some other structures ought to replace linear algebras which are over a century old. Super linear algebras that use super matrices can store data not only in a block but in multiple blocks so it is certainly more powerful than the usual matrices. This book has 3 chapters. Chapter one introduces the notion of super vector spaces and enumerates a number of properties. Chapter two defines the notion of super linear algebra, super inner product spaces and super bilinear forms. Several interesting properties are derived. The main application of these new structures in Markov chains and Leontief economic models are also given in this chapter. The final chapter suggests 161 problems mainly to make the reader understand this new concept and apply them.
Kliman, G.B.; Brynsvold, G.V.; Jahns, T.M.
A winding and method of winding for a submersible linear pump for pumping liquid sodium are disclosed. The pump includes a stator having a central cylindrical duct preferably vertically aligned. The central vertical duct is surrounded by a system of coils in slots. These slots are interleaved with magnetic flux conducting elements, these magnetic flux conducting elements forming a continuous magnetic field conduction path along the stator. The central duct has placed therein a cylindrical magnetic conducting core, this core having a cylindrical diameter less than the diameter of the cylindrical duct. The core once placed to the duct defines a cylindrical interstitial pumping volume of the pump. This cylindrical interstitial pumping volume preferably defines an inlet at the bottom of the pump, and an outlet at the top of the pump. Pump operation occurs by static windings in the outer stator sequentially conveying toroidal fields from the pump inlet at the bottom of the pump to the pump outlet at the top of the pump. The winding apparatus and method of winding disclosed uses multiple slots per pole per phase with parallel winding legs on each phase equal to or less than the number of slots per pole per phase. The slot sequence per pole per phase is chosen to equalize the variations in flux density of the pump sodium as it passes into the pump at the pump inlet with little or no flux and acquires magnetic flux in passage through the pump to the pump outlet. 4 figs.
Kliman, Gerald B. (Schenectady, NY); Brynsvold, Glen V. (San Jose, CA); Jahns, Thomas M. (Schenectady, NY)
A winding and method of winding for a submersible linear pump for pumping liquid sodium is disclosed. The pump includes a stator having a central cylindrical duct preferably vertically aligned. The central vertical duct is surrounded by a system of coils in slots. These slots are interleaved with magnetic flux conducting elements, these magnetic flux conducting elements forming a continuous magnetic field conduction path along the stator. The central duct has placed therein a cylindrical magnetic conducting core, this core having a cylindrical diameter less than the diameter of the cylindrical duct. The core once placed to the duct defines a cylindrical interstitial pumping volume of the pump. This cylindrical interstitial pumping volume preferably defines an inlet at the bottom of the pump, and an outlet at the top of the pump. Pump operation occurs by static windings in the outer stator sequentially conveying toroidal fields from the pump inlet at the bottom of the pump to the pump outlet at the top of the pump. The winding apparatus and method of winding disclosed uses multiple slots per pole per phase with parallel winding legs on each phase equal to or less than the number of slots per pole per phase. The slot sequence per pole per phase is chosen to equalize the variations in flux density of the pump sodium as it passes into the pump at the pump inlet with little or no flux and acquires magnetic flux in passage through the pump to the pump outlet.
Concentrated Thermoelectric Power
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
This fact sheet describes a concentrated solar hydroelectric power project awarded under the DOE's 2012 SunShot Concentrating Solar Power R&D award program. The team, led by MIT, is working to demonstrate concentrating solar thermoelectric generators with >10% solar-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency while limiting optical concentration to less than a factor of 10 and potentially less than 4. When combined with thermal storage, CSTEGs have the potential to provide electricity day and night using no moving parts at both the utility and distributed scale.
Concentrated Solar Thermoelectric Power
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
This presentation was delivered at the SunShot Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Program Review 2013, held April 23–25, 2013 near Phoenix, Arizona.
Lectures on Linear Algebra over Division Ring
Aleks Kleyn
In this book i treat linear algebra over division ring. A system of linear equations over a division ring has properties similar to properties of a system of linear equations over a field. However, noncommutativity of a product creates a new picture. Matrices allow two products linked by transpose. Biring is algebra which defines on the set two correlated structures of the ring. As in the commutative case, solutions of a system of linear equations build up right or left vector space depending on type of system. We study vector spaces together with the system of linear equations because their properties have a close relationship. As in a commutative case, the group of automorphisms of a vector space has a single transitive representation on a frame manifold. This gives us an opportunity to introduce passive and active representations. Studying a vector space over a division ring uncovers new details in the relationship between passive and active transformations, makes this picture clearer. Considering of twin representations of division ring in Abelian group leads to the concept of D vector space and their linear map. Based on polyadditive map I considered definition of tensor product of rings and tensor product of D vector spaces.
Estimation techniques for large-scale turbulent fluid systems
Colburn, Christopher Hughes
R. 1972 Linear Optimal Control Systems. Wiley- Intersciencetime optimal control theory applied to the linear system (time optimal control theory applied to the linear system (
Source: Proceedings of the US-Korea Workshop on Smart Structural Systems, Pusan, Korea, August 23-Energy Market-Based Control of Linear Civil Structures
Stanford University
that consume little power. Structural control systems of the future will likely be large-scale systems defined of a decentralized energy market- based control (EMBC) approach that models the structural control system Structural control systems are used to limit structural responses during large external loads such as winds
Shewchuk, Jonathan
, energy, infrastructure or transport. Participants in this specialization area work closely with the GreenConcentration in Green Design Research and Education Opportunities Carnegie Mellon University Civil and Environmental Engineering www.ce.cmu.edu M.S. Concentration Green Design - Course Only Track As an extension
COFIN project Concentration Fluctuations
COFIN project Concentration Fluctuations in Gas Releases by Industrial Accidents Final Summary of random concentration fluctuations in hazardous gas releases and the method was to derive empirical. In each measurement cycle the Lidar emits a short laser light pulse and detects the light Lidar reflected
Nonlinear Flight Control Using Neural Networks and Feedback Linearization
Nonlinear Flight Control Using Neural Networks and Feedback Linearization Byoung So0 Kim1, Anthony approaches to aircraft flight control involve linearization of these dynamicsabout a set of pre eliminate many of the undesirable features of linear control. Control of nonlinear systems by inverting
Effect of linear lumping on controllability and observability
Tóth, János
Effect of linear lumping on controllability and observability Zs´ofia Horv´ath October 2006 Email to reduce the number of state variables on controllability and observability of linear differential the effect of linear lumping on such properties of the system as controllability and observability and apply
System and method to create three-dimensional images of non-linear acoustic properties in a region remote from a borehole
Vu, Cung; Nihei, Kurt T.; Schmitt, Denis P.; Skelt, Christopher; Johnson, Paul A.; Guyer, Robert; TenCate, James A.; Le Bas, Pierre-Yves
In some aspects of the disclosure, a method for creating three-dimensional images of non-linear properties and the compressional to shear velocity ratio in a region remote from a borehole using a conveyed logging tool is disclosed. In some aspects, the method includes arranging a first source in the borehole and generating a steered beam of elastic energy at a first frequency; arranging a second source in the borehole and generating a steerable beam of elastic energy at a second frequency, such that the steerable beam at the first frequency and the steerable beam at the second frequency intercept at a location away from the borehole; receiving at the borehole by a sensor a third elastic wave, created by a three wave mixing process, with a frequency equal to a difference between the first and second frequencies and a direction of propagation towards the borehole; determining a location of a three wave mixing region based on the arrangement of the first and second sources and on properties of the third wave signal; and creating three-dimensional images of the non-linear properties using data recorded by repeating the generating, receiving and determining at a plurality of azimuths, inclinations and longitudinal locations within the borehole. The method is additionally used to generate three dimensional images of the ratio of compressional to shear acoustic velocity of the same volume surrounding the borehole.
Optimization Online - Linear-quadratic control problem with a linear ...
L Faybusovich
Dec 19, 2003 ... Abstract: We describe a complete solution of the linear-quaratic control problem with the linear term in the objective function on a semiinfinite ...
I. K. Konstantopoulos, P. J. Antsaklis, "Robust Stability of Linear Continuous and Discrete-Time Systems under Parametric Uncertainty," Technical Report of the ISIS (Interdisciplinary Studies of
Antsaklis, Panos
-Time Systems under Parametric Uncertainty," Technical Report of the ISIS (Interdisciplinary Studies of Intelligent Systems) Group, No. ISIS-94-006, Univ of Notre Dame, March 1994. #12;I. K. Konstantopoulos, P. J," Technical Report of the ISIS (Interdisciplinary Studies of Intelligent Systems) Group, No. ISIS-94-006, Univ
Solutions to a Reduced PoissonNernstPlanck System and Determination of Reaction Rates
Li, Bo
linearized. Others are assumed to be reactive, meaning that their concentrations vanish when in contact to the underlying re- duced PNP system, and calculate the reaction rate for the reactive species. We give a rigorous dependence of the reaction rates of the reactive species on the magnitude of its far field concentration
The Klynac: An Integrated Klystron and Linear Accelerator
Potter, J. M., Schwellenbach, D., Meidinger, A.
The Klynac concept integrates an electron gun, a radio frequency (RF) power source, and a coupled-cavity linear accelerator into a single resonant system
6, 74277469, 2006 Linear ozone
Boyer, Edmond
ACPD 6, 74277469, 2006 Linear ozone photochemistry parametrizations A. J. Geer et al. Title Page Chemistry and Physics Discussions Evaluation of linear ozone photochemistry parametrizations Linear ozone photochemistry parametrizations A. J. Geer et al. Title Page Abstract Introduction
Organic photovoltaics and concentrators
Mapel, Jonathan King
The separation of light harvesting and charge generation offers several advantages in the design of organic photovoltaics and organic solar concentrators for the ultimate end goal of achieving a lower cost solar electric ...
Yang, Junfeng
inhibitor concentration agonist acid expressed region isolated treatment 2-adrenoceptor serum stimulation acid product metabolism human treatment analysis new ester metabolites derivatives content isolated expression level binding complex mrna integrin collagen genes form normal synthesis production beta 1
Idaho National Laboratory
Automated portable device that concentrates and packages a sample of suspected contaminated water for safe, efficient transport to a qualified analytical laboratory. This technology will help safeguard against pathogen contamination or chemical and biolog
DeJonghe, Lutgard; Jacobson, Craig; Tucker, Michael; Visco, Steven
Tubular objects having two or more concentric layers that have different properties are joined to one another during their manufacture primarily by compressive and friction forces generated by shrinkage during sintering and possibly mechanical interlocking. It is not necessary for the concentric tubes to display adhesive-, chemical- or sinter-bonding to each other in order to achieve a strong bond. This facilitates joining of dissimilar materials, such as ceramics and metals.
Linear and angular retroreflecting interferometric alignment target
Maxey, L. Curtis (Powell, TN)
The present invention provides a method and apparatus for measuring both the linear displacement and angular displacement of an object using a linear interferometer system and an optical target comprising a lens, a reflective surface and a retroreflector. The lens, reflecting surface and retroreflector are specifically aligned and fixed in optical connection with one another, creating a single optical target which moves as a unit that provides multi-axis displacement information for the object with which it is associated. This displacement information is useful in many applications including machine tool control systems and laser tracker systems, among others.
Rate of Decline in Serum PFOA Concentrations after Granular Activated Carbon Filtration at Two Public Water Systems in Ohio and West Virginia
Bartell, Scott M; Calafat, Antonia M; Lyu, Christopher; Kato, Kayoko; Ryan, P. Barry; Steenland, Kyle
Court of Wood County, West Virginia, 10 April 2002. LittleSystems in Ohio and West Virginia Scott M. Bartell, 1,2plant in Washington, West Virginia, is owned and operated by
Rate of decline in serum PFOA concentrations after granular activated carbon filtration at two public water systems in Ohio and West Virginia.
Bartell, Scott M; Calafat, Antonia M; Lyu, Christopher; Kato, Kayoko; Ryan, P Barry; Steenland, Kyle
Court of Wood County, West Virginia, 10 April 2002. LittleSystems in Ohio and West Virginia Scott M. Bartell, 1,2plant in Washington, West Virginia, is owned and operated by
Robust Linear Optimization With Recourse
We propose an approach to two-stage linear optimization with recourse that does ... Linear optimization with recourse was first introduced by Dantzig in [17] as a ...
Linear-quadratic fractional Gaussian control
Duncan, Tyrone E.; Pasik-Duncan, Bozenna
In this paper a control problem for a linear stochastic system driven by a noise process that is an arbitrary zero mean, square integrable stochastic process with continuous sample paths and a cost functional that is quadratic in the system state...
Stability and feasibility of state-constrained linear MPC without stabilizing terminal constraints
, an optimal control problem. In this paper we study stability and recursive feasibility of linear MPC schemes] stability and recursive feasibility is shown for controllable linear quadratic systems with mixed linear and control constraints. Stabilizable linear systems are also considered in [18] but in an uncon- strained
Spectral learning of linear dynamics from generalised-linear observations
a non-linear and non-Gaussian observation process. We use this approach to obtain estimates to the generalised-linear regression model [8]), where the expected value of an observation is given by a monotonicSpectral learning of linear dynamics from generalised-linear observations with application
Tilting mirror strips in a linear Fresnel reector Gang Xiao (University of Nice, France)
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Tilting mirror strips in a linear Fresnel reector Gang Xiao (University of Nice, France) February 29, 2012 Abstract When a linear Fresnel reector solar concentrator is installed in a site with high of the linear Fresnel reector. Technical restrictions and diculties of this method are also discussed
Photovoltaic solar concentrator
Nielson, Gregory N.; Okandan, Murat; Resnick, Paul J.; Cruz-Campa, Jose Luis
A photovoltaic solar concentrator is disclosed with one or more transverse-junction solar cells (also termed point contact solar cells) and a lens located above each solar cell to concentrate sunlight onto the solar cell to generate electricity. Piezoelectric actuators tilt or translate each lens to track the sun using a feedback-control circuit which senses the electricity generated by one or more of the solar cells. The piezoelectric actuators can be coupled through a displacement-multiplier linkage to provide an increased range of movement of each lens. Each lens in the solar concentrator can be supported on a frame (also termed a tilt plate) having three legs, with the movement of the legs being controlled by the piezoelectric actuators.
Linear Programming Environmental
Nagurney, Anna
Linear Program to control air pollution was developed in 1968 by Teller, which minimized cost Fall 2006 #12;Topics · Introduction · Background · Air · Land · Water #12;Introduction · "The United States spends more than 2% of its gross domestic product on pollution control, and this is more than any
W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy; Florentin Smarandache
In this book we use only special types of intervals and introduce the notion of different types of interval linear algebras and interval vector spaces using the intervals of the form [0, a] where the intervals are from Zn or Z+ \\cup {0} or Q+ \\cup {0} or R+ \\cup {0}. A systematic development is made starting from set interval vector spaces to group interval vector spaces. Vector spaces are taken as interval polynomials or interval matrices or just intervals over suitable sets or semigroups or groups. Main feature of this book is the authors have given over 350 examples. This book has six chapters. Chapter one is introductory in nature. Chapter two introduces the notion of set interval linear algebras of type one and two. Set fuzzy interval linear algebras and their algebras and their properties are discussed in chapter three. Chapter four introduces several types of interval linear bialgebras and bivector spaces and studies them. The possible applications are given in chapter five. Chapter six suggests nearly 110 problems of all levels.
Method and system for knowledge discovery using non-linear statistical analysis and a 1st and 2nd tier computer program
Hively, Lee M. (Philadelphia, TN)
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for simultaneously processing different sources of test data into informational data and then processing different categories of informational data into knowledge-based data. The knowledge-based data can then be communicated between nodes in a system of multiple computers according to rules for a type of complex, hierarchical computer system modeled on a human brain.
Photovoltaic concentrator technology development project. Sixth project integration meeting
Thirty-three abstracts and short papers are presented which describe the current status of research, development, and demonstration of concentrator solar cell technology. Solar concentrators discussed include the parabolic trough, linear focus Fresnel lens, point focus Fresnel lens, and the parabolic dish. Solar cells studied include silicon, GaAs, and AlGaAs. Research on multiple junction cells, combined photovoltaic/thermal collectors, back contact solar cells, and beam splitter modules is described. Concentrator solar cell demonstration programs are reported. Contractor status summaries are given for 33 US DOE concentrator solar cell contracts; a description of the project, project status, and key results to date is included. (WHK)
Self-Organizing and Optimal Control for Nonlinear Systems
Dong, Wenjie
Adaptive optimal control for continuous-time linear systemsOptimal Control of Uncertain Non- linear Systems Optimal control
Limitations of controlling oscillators via linear augmentation
Rajat Karnatak
In this paper, we will have a look at some examples where linear augmentation is used to control oscillatory systems towards their stationary solutions. The simplicity of linear augmentation is a big positive feature of this scheme but at the same time, questions related to the general applicability of this procedure need to be addressed. This work attempts to demonstrate some control instances where this scheme fails to stabilize the required stationary solutions. Examples from conservative as well as dissipative dynamical systems are presented in this regard and a possible application for dissipative predator--prey dynamics is also discussed.
Utility-Scale Concentrating Solar Power and Photovoltaic Projects: A Technology and Market Overview
Mendelsohn, M.; Lowder, T.; Canavan, B.
Over the last several years, solar energy technologies have been, or are in the process of being, deployed at unprecedented levels. A critical recent development, resulting from the massive scale of projects in progress or recently completed, is having the power sold directly to electric utilities. Such 'utility-scale' systems offer the opportunity to deploy solar technologies far faster than the traditional 'behind-the-meter' projects designed to offset retail load. Moreover, these systems have employed significant economies of scale during construction and operation, attracting financial capital, which in turn can reduce the delivered cost of power. This report is a summary of the current U.S. utility-scale solar state-of-the-market and development pipeline. Utility-scale solar energy systems are generally categorized as one of two basic designs: concentrating solar power (CSP) and photovoltaic (PV). CSP systems can be further delineated into four commercially available technologies: parabolic trough, central receiver (CR), parabolic dish, and linear Fresnel reflector. CSP systems can also be categorized as hybrid, which combine a solar-based system (generally parabolic trough, CR, or linear Fresnel) and a fossil fuel energy system to produce electric power or steam.
MATH 100 Introduction to the Profession Linear Equations in MATLAB
Fasshauer, Greg
's input-output model in economics, electric circuit problems, the steady-state analysis of a systemMATH 100 Â Introduction to the Profession Linear Equations in MATLAB Greg Fasshauer Department;Chapter 5 of Experiments with MATLAB Where do systems of linear equations come up? firstname.lastname@example.com MATH
Henneaux, Marc; Teitelboim, Claudio [Physique Theorique et Mathematique and International Solvay Institutes, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Plaine C. P. 231, B-1050 Brussels (Belgium) and Centro de Estudios Cientificos (CECS), Valdivia (Chile); Centro de Estudios Cientificos (CECS), Valdivia (Chile)
We show that duality transformations of linearized gravity in four dimensions, i.e., rotations of the linearized Riemann tensor and its dual into each other, can be extended to the dynamical fields of the theory so as to be symmetries of the action and not just symmetries of the equations of motion. Our approach relies on the introduction of two superpotentials, one for the spatial components of the spin-2 field and the other for their canonically conjugate momenta. These superpotentials are two-index, symmetric tensors. They can be taken to be the basic dynamical fields and appear locally in the action. They are simply rotated into each other under duality. In terms of the superpotentials, the canonical generator of duality rotations is found to have a Chern-Simons-like structure, as in the Maxwell case.
Combustion powered linear actuator
Fischer, Gary J. (Albuquerque, NM)
The present invention provides robotic vehicles having wheeled and hopping mobilities that are capable of traversing (e.g. by hopping over) obstacles that are large in size relative to the robot and, are capable of operation in unpredictable terrain over long range. The present invention further provides combustion powered linear actuators, which can include latching mechanisms to facilitate pressurized fueling of the actuators, as can be used to provide wheeled vehicles with a hopping mobility.
The International Linear Collider
Barish, Barry
In this article, we describe the key features of the recently completed technical design for the International Linear Collider (ILC), a 200-500 GeV linear electron-positron collider (expandable to 1 TeV) that is based on 1.3 GHz superconducting radio-frequency (SCRF) technology. The machine parameters and detector characteristics have been chosen to complement the Large Hadron Collider physics, including the discovery of the Higgs boson, and to further exploit this new particle physics energy frontier with a precision instrument. The linear collider design is the result of nearly twenty years of R&D, resulting in a mature conceptual design for the ILC project that reflects an international consensus. We summarize the physics goals and capability of the ILC, the enabling R&D and resulting accelerator design, as well as the concepts for two complementary detectors. The ILC is technically ready to be proposed and built as a next generation lepton collider, perhaps to be built in stages beginning as a Hig...
The Electric Sense of the Thornback Ray, Platyrhinoidis triseriata : Linear Dynamic Range in Single-Unit Electrophysiological Recordings in vivo from the Afferent Nerve Fibers of the Ampullae of Lorenzini
Gonzalez, Ivan F
Non-linear regression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .the system. We use non-linear regression to ?t a sinusoidalthe histogram using non-linear regression, we use analysis
The electric sense of the Thornback Ray, Platyrhinoidis triseriata : linear dynamic range in single-unit electrophysiological recordings in vivo from the afferent nerve fibers of the Ampullae of Lorenzini
Gonzalez, Ivan F.
Non-linear regression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .the system. We use non-linear regression to ?t a sinusoidalthe histogram using non-linear regression, we use analysis
Linear optimization Linear programming using the Simplex method
McCready, Mark J.
Linear optimization Linear programming using the Simplex method Maximize M = 40 x1 + 60 x2 subject, that increasing x2 is the way to get the biggest impact. The idea of the simplex method is to move only
Sandia National Laboratories: concentrating photovoltaic
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
concentrating photovoltaic Sandia and EMCORE: Solar Photovoltaics, Fiber Optics, MODE, and Energy Efficiency On March 29, 2013, in Concentrating Solar Power, Energy, Partnership,...
Paul Ph. D. Stieff; Rick Stieff; Lorin Stieff
The detrimental effects of prolonged exposure to the decay products of radon, is well known and documented in the literature. The USEPA has set a primary standard for radon progeny exposure for the general public at 0.02 WL with a corresponding derived limit of 4 pCi/L for radon gas, assuming an equilibrium ratio of 50%. Because radon gas measurement is simpler and less expensive, more than 90 % of all the currently performed radon measurements in the US, measure radon gas and estimate the actual health risk via the assumed equilibrium factor for a residential structure. However, with increased concerns of radon related exposures in building with high air circulation rates (schools and commercial buildings) the 50 % equilibrium ratio assumption may not allow for proper characterization of the true exposure from radon measurements. In these cases a more rigorous characterization by direct measurements of radon decay products may be useful follow-up measurement after initial radon measurements have identified a potential concern. This paper describes a configuration radon and radon decay product measurement devices that can simultaneously measure radon and its decay products as well as provide an indication of the relative ratio of attached to unattached decay products. This unique combination of devices has numerous applications for designers of complex remediation systems and environmental consultants who have the responsibility of providing cost effective
Nanofluids Concentration Using Volumetric Flask M. Kostic, www.kostic.niu.edu
Kostic, Milivoje M.
Nanofluids Concentration Using Volumetric Flask M. Kostic, www.kostic.niu.edu Northern Illinois squared, then uncertainty will decrease linearly with the flask volume increase. Nanofluid concentration measurement: If we measure density of a nanofluid ( n) of unknown concentration, but known type of base fluid
Diabetes Mellitus Glucose Prediction by Linear and
Diabetes Mellitus Glucose Prediction by Linear and Bayesian Ensemble Modeling Fredrik St was diagnosed with diabetes type 1. Being an engineer with a control and systems oriented curriculum I realized of diabetes glucose metabolism, and bringing new hope of technical solutions to support the management
ABSTRACT: This paper describes one Learning in Optimal Non-linear Control *
Moore, John Barratt
Functional ABSTRACT: This paper describes one Learning in Optimal Non-linear Control * ~. Irlicht of nonfinear systems is to apply f{.~wiback control based on plant linearization and application of linear qll)irve robustness in optimization control working with a linearized .tatr-depenrlent plant model. I;vel] wit 1
Park, Joung Won
In this work, a highly linear broadband Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) is presented. The linearity issue in broadband Radio Frequency (RF) front-end is introduced, followed by an analysis of the specifications and requirements of a broadband LNA through...
Concentrated Thermoelectric Power
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
electricity. Representing about 15% of the total system cost, power blocks include the steam turbine, generator, and associated equipment such as condensers and water treatment...
Reticle stage based linear dosimeter
Berger, Kurt W.
A detector to measure EUV intensity employs a linear array of photodiodes. The detector is particularly suited for photolithography systems that includes: (i) a ringfield camera; (ii) a source of radiation; (iii) a condenser for processing radiation from the source of radiation to produce a ringfield illumination field for illuminating a mask; (iv) a reticle that is positioned at the ringfield camera's object plane and from which a reticle image in the form of an intensity profile is reflected into the entrance pupil of the ringfield camera, wherein the reticle moves in a direction that is transverse to the length of the ringfield illumination field that illuminates the reticle; (v) detector for measuring the entire intensity along the length of the ringfield illumination field that is projected onto the reticle; and (vi) a wafer onto which the reticle imaged is projected from the ringfield camera.
Reticle stage based linear dosimeter
Berger, Kurt W. (Livermore, CA)
A detector to measure EUV intensity employs a linear array of photodiodes. The detector is particularly suited for photolithography systems that includes: (i) a ringfield camera; (ii) a source of radiation; (iii) a condenser for processing radiation from the source of radiation to produce a ringfield illumination field for illuminating a mask; (iv) a reticle that is positioned at the ringfield camera's object plane and from which a reticle image in the form of an intensity profile is reflected into the entrance pupil of the ringfield camera, wherein the reticle moves in a direction that is transverse to the length of the ringfield illumination field that illuminates the reticle; (v) detector for measuring the entire intensity along the length of the ringfield illumination field that is projected onto the reticle; and (vi) a wafer onto which the reticle imaged is projected from the ringfield camera.
Thermodynamic model for the solubility of BaSeO4(cr) in the aqueous Ba2+-SeO42--Na+-H+-OH--H2O system: Extending to high selenate concentrations
Rai, Dhanpat; Felmy, Andrew R.; Moore, Dean A.; Kitamura, Akira; Yoshikawa, Hideki; Doi, Reisuke; Yoshida, Yasushi
The solubility of Ba(SeO4, SO4) precipitates was determined as a function of the BaSeO4 mole fractions, ranging from 0.0015 to 0.3830, and time with an equilibration period extending to as long as 302 days. Equilibrium/steady state conditions in this system are reached in ? 65 days. Pitzer's ion interaction model was used to calculate solid and aqueous phase activity coefficients. Thermodynamic analyses showed that the data do not satisfy Gibbs-Duhem equation, thereby demonstrating that a single-solid solution phase does not control both the selenate and sulfate concentrations. Our extensive data with log10 [Ba]) ranging from -3.6 to -5.9 mol.kg-1, log10 [SeO4]) ranging from -3.6 to -5.2 mol.kg-1, and log10 [SO4] ranging from -4.0 to -5.3 mol.kg-1 can be explained with the formation of an ideal BaSeO4 solid solution phase that controls the selenium concentrations and a slightly disordered/less-crystalline BaSO4(s) (log10 K0sp = -9.5 instead of -10.05 for barite) that controls the sulfate concentrations. In these experiments the BaSO4 component of the solid solution phase never reaches thermodynamic equilibrium with the aqueous phase. Thermodynamic interpretations of the data show that both the ideal BaSeO4 solid solution phase and less-crystalline BaSO4(s) phase are in equilibrium with each other in the entire range of BaSeO4 mole fractions investigated in this study.
Special set linear algebra and special set fuzzy linear algebra
W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy; Florentin Smarandache; K. Ilanthenral
The authors in this book introduce the notion of special set linear algebra and special set fuzzy Linear algebra, which is an extension of the notion set linear algebra and set fuzzy linear algebra. These concepts are best suited in the application of multi expert models and cryptology. This book has five chapters. In chapter one the basic concepts about set linear algebra is given in order to make this book a self contained one. The notion of special set linear algebra and their fuzzy analogue is introduced in chapter two. In chapter three the notion of special set semigroup linear algebra is introduced. The concept of special set n-vector spaces, n greater than or equal to three is defined and their fuzzy analogue is their fuzzy analogue is given in chapter four. The probable applications are also mentioned. The final chapter suggests 66 problems.
A development of MOS linear active load schemes
Mallett, Robert Alan
resistor. A solution to this problem is to use a single or multiply interconnected MOS transistors to simulate resistors. These simulated resistors are termed "active loads". The advantages of using MOSFETs over passive monolithic resistors are the high...'s inverted parallel load . General description of the fully linear active block Fully linear active block Three transistor fully linear block Cktl Ckt2 Ckt3 Ckt4 Complex single transistor loads IPL DEPR FLAB I ? V measuring system THD measuring...
Print out your plot. ... (3) Each of the nonlinear systems (A) and (B) given below has an equilibrium point ... it follow that the orbits of the system (D) are circles ?
A simple framework to justify linear response theory
Martin Hairer; Andrew J Majda
The use of linear response theory for forced dissipative stochastic dynamical systems through the fluctuation dissipation theorem is an attractive way to study climate change systematically among other applications. Here, a mathematically rigorous justification of linear response theory for forced dissipative stochastic dynamical systems is developed. The main results are formulated in an abstract setting and apply to suitable systems, in finite and infinite dimensions, that are of interest in climate change science and other applications.
Free piston variable-stroke linear-alternator generator
Haaland, Carsten M. (Dadeville, AL)
A free-piston variable stroke linear-alternator AC power generator for a combustion engine. An alternator mechanism and oscillator system generates AC current. The oscillation system includes two oscillation devices each having a combustion cylinder and a flying turnbuckle. The flying turnbuckle moves in accordance with the oscillation device. The alternator system is a linear alternator coupled between the two oscillation devices by a slotted connecting rod.
Free piston variable-stroke linear-alternator generator
Haaland, C.M.
A free-piston variable stroke linear-alternator AC power generator for a combustion engine is described. An alternator mechanism and oscillator system generates AC current. The oscillation system includes two oscillation devices each having a combustion cylinder and a flying turnbuckle. The flying turnbuckle moves in accordance with the oscillation device. The alternator system is a linear alternator coupled between the two oscillation devices by a slotted connecting rod. 8 figs.
2014 SunShot Initiative Concentrating Solar Power Subprogram...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
Integration Subprogram Overview SunShot Home About Concentrating Solar Power Photovoltaics Systems Integration Soft Costs Technology to Market Success Stories Financial...
World's Largest Concentrating Solar Power Plant Opens in California...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
Guarantees for BrightSource Energy SunShot Home About Concentrating Solar Power Photovoltaics Systems Integration Soft Costs Technology to Market Success Stories Financial...
NREL: Concentrating Solar Power Research - NREL Forges Foundation...
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
NREL Forges Foundation for Advanced Concentrating Solar Power Receivers September 16, 2014 As part of DOE's SunShot effort, NREL's Thermal Systems Group is performing research and...
Secretary Chu Announces up to $62 Million for Concentrating Solar...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
to 62 million over five years to research, develop, and demonstrate Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) systems capable of providing low-cost electrical power. This funding will...
Resonance-shifting luminescent solar concentrators
Giebink, Noel Christopher; Wiederrecht, Gary P; Wasielewski, Michael R
An optical system and method to overcome luminescent solar concentrator inefficiencies by resonance-shifting, in which sharply directed emission from a bi-layer cavity into a glass substrate returns to interact with the cavity off-resonance at each subsequent reflection, significantly reducing reabsorption loss en route to the edges. In one embodiment, the system comprises a luminescent solar concentrator comprising a transparent substrate, a luminescent film having a variable thickness; and a low refractive index layer disposed between the transparent substrate and the luminescent film.
Positrons for linear colliders
Ecklund, S.
The requirements of a positron source for a linear collider are briefly reviewed, followed by methods of positron production and production of photons by electromagnetic cascade showers. Cross sections for the electromagnetic cascade shower processes of positron-electron pair production and Compton scattering are compared. A program used for Monte Carlo analysis of electromagnetic cascades is briefly discussed, and positron distributions obtained from several runs of the program are discussed. Photons from synchrotron radiation and from channeling are also mentioned briefly, as well as positron collection, transverse focusing techniques, and longitudinal capture. Computer ray tracing is then briefly discussed, followed by space-charge effects and thermal heating and stress due to showers. (LEW)
Concentrator Photovoltaic System Basics | Department of Energy
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645 3,625 1,006 492 742Energy China U.S. DepartmentEnergy This partAs theFebruary 24,ofOctober
NREL: Concentrating Solar Power Research - Systems Analysis
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Saleshttp://www.fnal.gov/directorate/nalcal/nalcal02_07_05_files/nalcal.gifNREL NRELChemical andWhat
Heat Pipe Performance Enhancement with Binary Mixture Fluids that Exhibit Strong Concentration Marangoni Effects
Armijo, Kenneth Miguel
of concentrator photovoltaic systems using high-efficiencyphotovoltaic module electrical performance: A review of efficiency/efficiency degradation. This is especially true for concentrator photovoltaic (
Adaptive robust motion control of linear motors for precision manufacturing
Yao, Bin
for widespread use in high-speed/high-accuracy positioning systems [13]. In general, the linear motor hasAdaptive robust motion control of linear motors for precision manufacturing Bin Yao *, Li Xu School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA Received 6 October 1999; accepted 11
Variable-energy drift-tube linear accelerator
Swenson, Donald A. (Los Alamos, NM); Boyd, Jr., Thomas J. (Los Alamos, NM); Potter, James M. (Los Alamos, NM); Stovall, James E. (Los Alamos, NM)
A linear accelerator system includes a plurality of post-coupled drift-tubes wherein each post coupler is bistably positionable to either of two positions which result in different field distributions. With binary control over a plurality of post couplers, a significant accumlative effect in the resulting field distribution is achieved yielding a variable-energy drift-tube linear accelerator.
5-loop Konishi from linearized TBA and the XXX magnet
Janos Balog; Arpad Hegedus
Using the linearized TBA equations recently obtained in [arXiv:1002.1711] we show analytically that the 5-loop anomalous dimension of the Konishi operator agrees with the result obtained previously from the generalized Luscher formulae. The proof is based on the relation between this linear system and the XXX model TBA equations.
Drift tube suspension for high intensity linear accelerators
Liska, D.J.; Schamaun, R.G.; Clark, D.C.; Potter, R.C.; Frank, J.A.
The disclosure relates to a drift tube suspension for high intensity linear accelerators. The system comprises a series of box-sections girders independently adjustably mounted on a linear accelerator. A plurality of drift tube holding stems are individually adjustably mounted on each girder.
Boyer, Edmond
POSITIVE ENERGY QUANTIZATION OF LINEAR DYNAMICS JAN DEREZI´NSKI DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN PHYSICS, WARSAW UNIVERSITY, HO ZA 74, 00-682 WARSZAWA, POLAND, CHRISTIAN G´ERARD D´EPARTEMENT DE MATH the positive energy quantiza- tion of linear classical systems is described. It is separated into 3 stages
Focusing in Linear Meta Logic of August, 2008
Nigam, Vivek
s Encoding Systems s Results s Conclusions and Future Works #12;3 IJCAR'08 Overview LOne specification Some logical equivalences Sequent Calculus Natural Deduction Tableaux Systems Several Systems F ´ F 0 #12;4 IJCAR'08 Agenda s Overview s Linear Logic and Focusing s Encoding Systems s Results s Conclusions
Concentric tube support assembly
Rubio, Mark F.; Glessner, John C.
An assembly (45) includes a plurality of separate pie-shaped segments (72) forming a disk (70) around a central region (48) for retaining a plurality of tubes (46) in a concentrically spaced apart configuration. Each segment includes a support member (94) radially extending along an upstream face (96) of the segment and a plurality of annularly curved support arms (98) transversely attached to the support member and radially spaced apart from one another away from the central region for receiving respective upstream end portions of the tubes in arc-shaped spaces (100) between the arms. Each segment also includes a radial passageway (102) formed in the support member for receiving a fluid segment portion (106) and a plurality of annular passageways (104) formed in the support arms for receiving respective arm portions (108) of the fluid segment portion from the radial passageway and for conducting the respective arm portions into corresponding annular spaces (47) formed between the tubes retained by the disk.
Offset-free Receding Horizon Control of Constrained Linear Gabriele Pannocchia1 Eric C. Kerrigan2
Cambridge, University of
Offset-free Receding Horizon Control of Constrained Linear Systems Gabriele Pannocchia1 Eric C stability and offset-free control of constrained linear systems in the presence of time-varying setpoints-free controller and computing an appropriate domain of attraction for this controller. The linear (unconstrained
Performance Assessment of Different Control Structures for Generic Reactive Distillation Using Linear and Nonlinear Process Models
Al-Arfaj, Muhammad A.
compares the closed-loop performance of three control structures using an approximate linear model. Responses based on the linear model for various control structures show a good agreement when compared of the linear model is shown to be better in a single-end control system than in a dual-end control system
Project Approval Form Concentration in
Goldberg, Bennett
Project Approval Form Concentration in Nanotechnology Return completed form to ENG Undergraduate of Graduation:____________________________ Instructions: Please check one of the following ways in which you Plan to complete the project as a requirement for the concentration in Nanotechnology. Depending upon
6, 66276694, 2006 linearized ozone
Boyer, Edmond
ACPD 6, 66276694, 2006 CHEM2D-OPP linearized ozone photochemistry J. P. McCormack et al. Title Chemistry and Physics Discussions CHEM2D-OPP: A new linearized gas-phase ozone email@example.com) 6627 #12;ACPD 6, 66276694, 2006 CHEM2D-OPP linearized ozone photochemistry J. P. McCormack et al
Optimal control for biological movement systems
Li, Weiwei
Kalman. When is a linear control system optimal? Journal ofOptimal stationary control of linear systems with control-J. Mclane. Optimal stochastic control of linear systems with
Support graph preconditioners for sparse linear systems
Gupta, Radhika
. In this thesis, we develop support graph preconditioners for symmetric positive de?nite matrices that arise from the ?nite element discretization of elliptic partial di?erential equations. An object oriented code is developed for the construction, integration...
Concentrating Solar Power (Fact Sheet)
Not Available
Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) offers a utility-scale, firm, dispatchable renewable energy option that can help meet the nation's goal of making solar energy cost competitive with other energy sources by the end of the decade. The DOE SunShot Initiative is a collaborative national initiative to make solar energy technologies cost-competitive with other forms of energy by reducing the cost of solar energy systems by about 75% by the end of the decade. Reducing the total installed cost for utility-scale solar electricity to roughly 6 cents per kilowatt hour without subsidies will result in rapid, large-scale adoption of solar electricity across the United States. Reaching this goal will re-establish American technological leadership, improve the nation's energy security, and strengthen U.S. economic competitiveness in the global clean energy race. SunShot will work to bring down the full cost of solar - including the costs of solar cells and installation by focusing on four main pillars: (1) Technologies for solar cells and arrays that convert sunlight to energy; (2) Electronics that optimize the performance of the installation; (3) Improvements in the efficiency of solar manufacturing processes; and (4) Installation, design, and permitting for solar energy systems.
Nonimaging light concentrator with uniform irradiance
Winston, Roland (Chicago, IL); Gee, Randy C. (Arvada, CO)
A nonimaging light concentrator system including a primary collector of light, an optical mixer disposed near the focal zone for collecting light from the primary collector, the optical mixer having a transparent entrance aperture, an internally reflective housing for substantially total internal reflection of light, a transparent exit aperture and an array of photovoltaic cells disposed near the transparent exit aperture.
Low-Cost Installation of Concentrating Photovoltaic
.5 megawatt power plant for the Pacific Gas and Electric Company near Tracy, CA the first solar related with system components, and traditional solar designs that limit installation locations. Many offerings. Currently, no solar company provides a complete photovoltaic or concentrating photovoltaic
Linear Algebra 1: Computing canonical forms in exact linear
Pernet, Clément
Linear Algebra 1: Computing canonical forms in exact linear algebra Clément PERNET, LIG, where U is invertible Reduced echelon form: E = 1 0 0 1 0 1 Gauss-Jordan elimination #12 a field: B = U-1 AU Frobenius normal form (or canonical rational form): F = CP0 CP1 ... CPk
Optimization of a dual acting, magnetically driven, linear actuator
Willerton, Justin Ryan
In this study the geometry of a dual acting, magnetically driven, linear motion actuator will be optimized. This will be accomplished by modeling the system through a set of differential equations to be solved in Matlab. ...
Preconditioning for the mixed formulation of linear plane elasticity
Wang, Yanqiu
. A detailed analysis of the Arnold-Winther Element is given. The ?nite element discretization of the mixed formulation leads to a symmetric inde?nite linear system. Next, we study e?cient iterative solvers for the symmetric inde...
Designing AC Power Grids using Integer Linear Programming
view of recent developments in integer linear programming, we revisit a less known .... optimal solution of the DC model was the minimum cost circuit of the network. ... Andersson, G.: Modelling and Analysis of Electric Power Systems (
The Rheology of Concentrated Suspensions
Andreas Acrivos
Research program on the rheological properties of flowing suspensions. The primary purpose of the research supported by this grant was to study the flow characteristics of concentrated suspensions of non-colloidal solid particles and thereby construct a comprehensive and robust theoretical framework for modeling such systems quantitatively. At first glance, this seemed like a modest goal, not difficult to achieve, given that such suspensions were viewed simply as Newtonian fluids with an effective viscosity equal to the product of the viscosity of the suspending fluid times a function of the particle volume fraction. But thanks to the research findings of the Principal Investigator and of his Associates, made possible by the steady and continuous support which the PI received from the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the subject is now seen to be more complicated and therefore much more interesting in that concentrated suspensions have been shown to exhibit fascinating and unique rheological properties of their own that have no counterpart in flowing Newtonian or even non-Newtonian (polymeric) fluids. In fact, it is generally acknowledged that, as the result of these investigations for which the PI received the 2001 National Medal of Science, our understanding of how suspensions behave under flow is far more detailed and comprehensive than was the case even as recently as a decade ago. Thus, given that the flow of suspensions plays a crucial role in many diverse physical processes, our work has had a major and lasting impact in a subject having both fundamental as well as practical importance.
Summary of Dissolved Concentration Limits
Yueting Chen
According to the Technical Work Plan titled Technical Work Plan for Waste Form Degradation Process Model Report for SR (CRWMS M&O 2000a), the purpose of this study is to perform abstractions on solubility limits of radioactive elements based on the process-level information and thermodynamic databases provided by Natural Environment Program Operations (NEPO) and Waste Package Operations (WPO). The scope of this analysis is to produce solubility limits as functions, distributions, or constants for all transported radioactive elements identified by the Performance Assessment Operations (PAO) radioisotope screening. Results from an expert elicitation for solubility limits of most radioactive elements were used in the previous Total System Performance Assessments (TSPAs). However, the elicitation conducted in 1993 does not meet the criteria set forth by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) due to lack of documentation and traceability (Kotra et al. 1996, Section 3). Therefore, at the Waste Form Abstraction Workshop held on February 2-4, 1999, at Albuquerque, New Mexico, the Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project (YMP) decided to develop geochemical models to study solubility for the proposed Monitored Geologic Repository. WPO/NEPO is to develop process-level solubility models, including review and compilation of relevant thermodynamic data. PAO's responsibility is to perform abstractions based on the process models and chemical conditions and to produce solubility distributions or response surfaces applicable to the proposed repository. The results of this analysis and conceptual model will feed the performance assessment for Total System Performance Assessment--Site Recommendation (TSPA-SR) and Total System Performance Assessment--License Application (TSPA-LA), and to the Waste Form Degradation Process Model Report section on concentration limits.
Position sensor for linear synchronous motors employing halbach arrays
Post, Richard Freeman
A position sensor suitable for use in linear synchronous motor (LSM) drive systems employing Halbach arrays to create their magnetic fields is described. The system has several advantages over previously employed ones, especially in its simplicity and its freedom from being affected by weather conditions, accumulated dirt, or electrical interference from the LSM system itself.
Non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann Theory for Swollen Clays
R. J. F. Leote de Carvalho; E. Trizac; J. P Hansen
The non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann equation for a circular, uniformly charged platelet, confined together with co- and counter-ions to a cylindrical cell, is solved semi-analytically by transforming it into an integral equation and solving the latter iteratively. This method proves efficient, robust, and can be readily generalized to other problems based on cell models, treated within non-linear Poisson-like theory. The solution to the PB equation is computed over a wide range of physical conditions, and the resulting osmotic equation of state is shown to be in fair agreement with recent experimental data for Laponite clay suspensions, in the concentrated gel phase.
DOE High Performance Concentrator PV Project
McConnell, R.; Symko-Davies, M.
Much in demand are next-generation photovoltaic (PV) technologies that can be used economically to make a large-scale impact on world electricity production. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) initiated the High-Performance Photovoltaic (HiPerf PV) Project to substantially increase the viability of PV for cost-competitive applications so that PV can contribute significantly to both our energy supply and environment. To accomplish such results, the National Center for Photovoltaics (NCPV) directs in-house and subcontracted research in high-performance polycrystalline thin-film and multijunction concentrator devices with the goal of enabling progress of high-efficiency technologies toward commercial-prototype products. We will describe the details of the subcontractor and in-house progress in exploring and accelerating pathways of III-V multijunction concentrator solar cells and systems toward their long-term goals. By 2020, we anticipate that this project will have demonstrated 33% system efficiency and a system price of $1.00/Wp for concentrator PV systems using III-V multijunction solar cells with efficiencies over 41%.
Peptide concentration alters intermediate species in amyloid ? fibrillation kinetics
Garvey, M., E-mail: email@example.com [Max-Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale) (Germany); Morgado, I., E-mail: email@example.com [Max-Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale) (Germany)
Highlights: ? A?(1–40) aggregation in vitro has been monitored at different concentrations. ? A?(1–40) fibrillation does not always follow conventional kinetic mechanisms. ? We demonstrate non-linear features in the kinetics of A?(1–40) fibril formation. ? At high A?(1–40) concentrations secondary processes dictate fibrillation speed. ? Intermediate species may play significant roles on final amyloid fibril development. -- Abstract: The kinetic mechanism of amyloid aggregation remains to be fully understood. Investigations into the species present in the different kinetic phases can assist our comprehension of amyloid diseases and further our understanding of the mechanism behind amyloid ? (A?) (1–40) peptide aggregation. Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been used in combination to monitor A?(1–40) aggregation in vitro at both normal and higher than standard concentrations. The observed fibrillation behaviour deviates, in several respects, from standard concepts of the nucleation–polymerisation models and shows such features as concentration-dependent non-linear effects in the assembly mechanism. A?(1–40) fibrillation kinetics do not always follow conventional kinetic mechanisms and, specifically at high concentrations, intermediate structures become populated and secondary processes may further modify the fibrillation mechanism.
Declaration of Concentration in Nanotechnology
Goldberg, Bennett
Declaration of Concentration in Nanotechnology Return completed form to ENG Undergraduate Records:____________________________ Instructions: ENG students declaring a Concentration in Nanotechnology should complete this form, obtain REQUIRED COURSES (Choose 1) 1. ENG EC 481 Fundamentals of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 4.0 ELECTIVES
American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics A FEEDBACK LINEARIZING CONTROLLER FOR RELATIVE
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 1 A FEEDBACK LINEARIZING CONTROLLER FOR RELATIVE keeping behind a leading aircraft. The investigated approach is based on feedback linearization control. In [4] and [10], the control system was designed on a linearized model, whereas in [8] the proposed
Comparison of open-source linear programming solvers.
Gearhart, Jared Lee; Adair, Kristin Lynn; Durfee, Justin D.; Jones, Katherine A.; Martin, Nathaniel; Detry, Richard Joseph
When developing linear programming models, issues such as budget limitations, customer requirements, or licensing may preclude the use of commercial linear programming solvers. In such cases, one option is to use an open-source linear programming solver. A survey of linear programming tools was conducted to identify potential open-source solvers. From this survey, four open-source solvers were tested using a collection of linear programming test problems and the results were compared to IBM ILOG CPLEX Optimizer (CPLEX) [1], an industry standard. The solvers considered were: COIN-OR Linear Programming (CLP) [2], [3], GNU Linear Programming Kit (GLPK) [4], lp_solve [5] and Modular In-core Nonlinear Optimization System (MINOS) [6]. As no open-source solver outperforms CPLEX, this study demonstrates the power of commercial linear programming software. CLP was found to be the top performing open-source solver considered in terms of capability and speed. GLPK also performed well but cannot match the speed of CLP or CPLEX. lp_solve and MINOS were considerably slower and encountered issues when solving several test problems.
Automated micro-tracking planar solar concentrators
Hallas, Justin Matthew
E. Ford, "Reactive self-tracking solar concentration: designFord, "Reactive self- tracking solar concentration: designAutomated Micro-Tracking Planar Solar Concentrators by
Algorithms for Symmetric Linear and Integer Programs
Bödi, Richard; Joswig, Michael
This paper deals with exploiting symmetry for solving linear and integer programming problems. Basic properties of linear representations of finite groups can be used to reduce symmetric linear programming to solving linear programs of lower dimension. Combining this approach with knowledge of the geometry of feasible integer solutions yields an algorithm for solving highly symmetric integer linear programs which only takes time which is linear in the number of constraints and quadratic in the dimension.
Physics and Astronomy Geophysics Concentration
Thaxton, Christopher S.
Physics and Astronomy Geophysics Concentration Strongly recommended courses Credits Term Dept. to Geophysics 3 PHY 3230 Thermal Physics 3 CHE 1101 Introductory Chemistry - I 3 CHE 1110 Introductory Chemistry
Optimal concentrations in nectar feeding
Kim, Wonjung
Nectar drinkers must feed quickly and efficiently due to the threat of predation. While the sweetest nectar offers the greatest energetic rewards, the sharp increase of viscosity with sugar concentration makes it the most ...
Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Concentrating Solar Power
. A facility with solar fraction less than 1 is a hybrid operating plant that combusts naturLife Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Concentrating Solar Power Over the last thirty years, more-scale concentrating solar power (CSP) systems. These LCAs have yielded wide-ranging results. Variation could
Linear conic optimization for nonlinear optimal control
Didier Henrion
Jul 7, 2014 ... Abstract: Infinite-dimensional linear conic formulations are described for nonlinear optimal control problems. The primal linear problem consists ...
Performance of various computers using standard linear equations
Dongarra, J. (Univ. of Tennessee, TN (US))
This report compares the performance of different computer systems in solving dense systems of linear equations. The comparison involves approximately one hundred computers, ranging from a CRAY Y-MP to scientific workstations such as the Apollo and Sun to IBM PCs.
Multi-stage linear slot virtual impactor for concentration of bioaerosols
Conerly, Shawn Charles
in parallel for the first stage with the designed dimensions of 87 mm (3.4Â?) for the throat length, 0.305 mm (.012Â?) for the accelerator throat width, and 0.457 mm (.018Â?) for the receiver throat width. The second stage contained a single unit...
Parallel ion strings in linear multipole traps
Mathieu Marciante; Caroline Champenois; J. Pedregosa-Gutierrez; Annette Calisti; Martina Knoop
Additional radio-frequency (rf) potentials applied to linear multipole traps create extra field nodes in the radial plane which allow one to confine single ions, or strings of ions, in totally rf field-free regions. The number of nodes depends on the order of the applied multipole potentials and their relative distance can be easily tuned by the amplitude variation of the applied voltages. Simulations using molecular dynamics show that strings of ions can be laser cooled down to the Doppler limit in all directions of space. Once cooled, organized systems can be moved with very limited heating, even if the cooling process is turned off.
Ion-neutral sympathetic cooling in a hybrid linear rf Paul and magneto-optical trap
Goodman, D S; Wells, J E; Narducci, F A; Smith, W W
Long range polarization forces between ions and neutral atoms result in large elastic scattering cross sections, e.g., 10^6 a.u. for Na+ on Na or Ca+ on Na at cold and ultracold temperatures. This suggests that a hybrid ion-neutral trap should offer a general means for significant sympathetic cooling of atomic or molecular ions. We present SIMION 7.0 simulation results concerning the advantages and limitations of sympathetic cooling within a hybrid trap apparatus, consisting of a linear rf Paul trap concentric with a Na magneto-optical trap (MOT). This paper explores the impact of various heating mechanisms on the hybrid system and how parameters related to the MOT, Paul trap, number of ions, and ion species affect the efficiency of the sympathetic cooling.
Ion-neutral sympathetic cooling in a hybrid linear rf Paul and magneto-optical trap
D. S. Goodman; I. Sivarajah; J. E. Wells; F. A. Narducci; W. W. Smith
Long range polarization forces between ions and neutral atoms result in large elastic scattering cross sections, e.g., 10^6 a.u. for Na+ on Na or Ca+ on Na at cold and ultracold temperatures. This suggests that a hybrid ion-neutral trap should offer a general means for significant sympathetic cooling of atomic or molecular ions. We present SIMION 7.0 simulation results concerning the advantages and limitations of sympathetic cooling within a hybrid trap apparatus, consisting of a linear rf Paul trap concentric with a Na magneto-optical trap (MOT). This paper explores the impact of various heating mechanisms on the hybrid system and how parameters related to the MOT, Paul trap, number of ions, and ion species affect the efficiency of the sympathetic cooling.
Concentrating Solar Power: Efficiently Leveraging Equilibrium...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
Concentrating Solar Power: Efficiently Leveraging Equilibrium Mechanisms for Engineering New Thermochemical Storage Concentrating Solar Power: Efficiently Leveraging Equilibrium...
Effect of soiling in CPV systems
Vivar, M.; Herrero, R.; Anton, I.; Martinez-Moreno, F.; Moreton, R.; Sala, G. [Instituto de Energia Solar, UPM, Ciudad Universitaria S/N, 28040 Madrid (Spain); Blakers, A.W.; Smeltink, J. [Centre for Sustainable Energy Systems, Australian National University, Canberra 0200 (Australia)
The effect of soiling in flat PV modules has been already studied, causing a reduction of the electrical output of 4% on average. For CPV's, as far as soiling produces light scattering at the optical collector surface, the scattered rays should be definitively lost because they cannot be focused onto the receivers again. While the theoretical study becomes difficult because soiling is variable at different sites, it becomes easier to begin the monitoring of the real field performance of concentrators and then raise the following question: how much does the soiling affect to PV concentrators in comparison with flat panels?' The answers allow to predict the PV concentrator electrical performance and to establish a pattern of cleaning frequency. Some experiments have been conducted at the IES-UPM and CSES-ANU sites, consisting in linear reflective concentration systems, a point focus refractive concentrator and a flat module. All the systems have been measured when soiled and then after cleaning, achieving different increases of I{sub SC}. In general, results show that CPV systems are more sensitive to soiling than flat panels, accumulating losses in I{sub SC} of about 14% on average in three different tests conducted at IES-UPM and CSES-ANU test sites in Madrid (Spain) and Canberra (Australia). Some concentrators can reach losses up to 26% when the system is soiled for 4 months of exposure. (author)
Biholomorphic maps with linear parts having Jordan blocks: linearization and
Jordan block. Our main result proves convergence of the linearizing transformation of maps for which the Jordan part of the spectrum lies inside the unit circle and the spectrum satis#12;es a R in (C [x]) n , (1.2) where C [x] stands for the set of all formal power series with complex coe
Project Profile: High-Concentration, Low-Cost Parabolic Trough...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Profile: High-Concentration, Low-Cost Parabolic Trough System for Baseload CSP SkyFuel logo SkyFuel, under the Baseload CSP FOA, is developing an advanced, low-cost CSP collector...
Method and apparatus for concentrating vapors for analysis
Grate, Jay W. (West Richland, WA); Baldwin, David L. (Kennewick, WA); Anheier, Jr., Norman C. (Richland, WA)
A pre-concentration device and a method are disclosed for concentrating gaseous vapors for analysis. Vapors sorbed and concentrated within the bed of the pre-concentration device are thermally desorbed, achieving at least partial separation of the vapor mixtures. The pre-concentration device is suitable, e.g., for pre-concentration and sample injection, and provides greater resolution of peaks for vapors within vapor mixtures, yielding detection levels that are 10-10,000 times better than direct sampling and analysis systems. Features are particularly useful for continuous unattended monitoring applications. The invention finds application in conjunction with, e.g., analytical instruments where low detection limits for gaseous vapors are desirable.
Thermal regeneration of an electrochemical concentration cell
Krumpelt, Michael (Naperville, IL); Bates, John K. (Plainfield, IL)
A system and method for thermally regenerating an electrochemical concentration cell having first and second aluminum electrodes respectively positioned in contact with first and second electrolytes separated by an ion exchange member, the first and second electrolytes being composed of different concentrations of an ionic solvent and a salt, preferably an aluminum halide. The ionic solvent may be either organic or inorganic with a relatively low melting point, the ionic solvent and the salt form a complex wherein the free energy of formation of said complex is less than about -5 Kcal/mole. A distillation column using solar heat or low grade industrial waste heat receives the first and second electrolytes and thermally decomposes the salt-solvent complex to provide feed material for the two half cells.