text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jun 10, 2003
|Filing date
|Apr 18, 2000
|Priority date
|Apr 18, 2000
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Frank Brouwer
|Original Assignee
|Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (25), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (34), Classifications (18), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to a system and corresponding method for controlling mobile station (MS) uplink power as a function of uplink interference in a particular cell defined by a base station(s).
In cellular communications systems, service areas are formed by small zones known as "cells." Each cell is defined by a particular base station (BS), so that it is possible to achieve effects of a transmission power reduction with an increase in subscriber capacity. One type of radio access scheme which has become increasingly popular over the last several years is known as code division multiple access (CDMA). In a CDMA system, since the same frequency band is shared by multiple users, signals of other users become interference signals which may degrade the communication quality of a particular user. When a base station (BS) communicates with near and remote mobile stations (MS) at the same time, it receives the transmitted signal from the near mobile station at a high level, whereas from the remote mobile station at a much lower level. Thus, communications between the base station and the remote MS present a problem in that the channel quality is sharply degraded by interference from the near MS. This is typically referred to as the near-far problem.
One technique which has been used for solving the near-far problem is controlling transmission power such that the received power of a receiving station, or the SIR (signal to interference plus noise power ratio) thereof, is kept fixed regardless of the location of a MS. This provides more consistent channel quality across a given service area. In other words, in CDMA systems the output power of mobile stations is often controlled, with the goal of transmitting at a power such that the received signal quality at the BS is just sufficient for the desired quality of reception. Such control depends upon the conditions of the signal at issue and upon interference (i.e., interfering signals).
In this regard, a closed loop transmission power control system for CDMA is known which employs transmission power control bits. In this system, when a MS within a cell communicates with the base station (BS) in that cell, it measures the received SIR of the desired wave from the BS, and determines the transmission power control bits for controlling the transmission power of the BS in accordance with the measured results. Subsequently, the MS inserts the transmission power control bits into its transmitted signal and transmits them to the BS. Receiving the signal transmitted from the MS, the BS extracts the transmission power control bits therefrom and determines the BS transmission power in accordance with the command of the transmission power control bits.
Still further, the BS measures the received SIR of the wave received from the MS and determines the transmission power control bits for controlling the transmission power (i.e., uplink power) of the MS on the basis of these measurement results. Then, the BS inserts the transmission power control (PC) bits into the transmitted signal, which is transmitted to the MS. Receiving the signal from the BS, the MS extracts the transmission power control (PC) bits and determines the transmission power (i.e., uplink power) in accordance with the instructions of the transmission power control (PC) bits. The closed loop thus formed between the MS and the BS enables each of the MS and BS to control its transmission power.
Unfortunately, the amount of interference in a particular cell increases along with an increase in the number of mobile stations being used in that cell. When a signal is added in the cell, all mobiles stations will typically want to increase their uplink or transmit power until the quality of the signal received at the BS is again sufficient. Such a system can operate in a satisfactory manner so long as the sum of all signals in the cell is below a critical or predetermined value. When it goes above or over this value, all users or mobile stations will constantly increase their power; this is sometimes called the "party effect." When this occurs, one or more signals are typically removed (i.e., certain MS connections are terminated) until most of the users reduce their power to levels such that the sum in the cell is below the critical value. During this time of overload, control is speculative at best.
It is undesirable to react to overload by immediately cutting of certain MS connections. Alternatively, if one attempts to solve the aforesaid overload or party effect problem by increasing the uplink power from each MS, the result is increased interference in the cell at issue as well as in other cells. This is also undesirable. Moreover, when measures are taken to solve the overload problem, it often takes quite a bit of time for the system to again reach normal operation.
It would also be undesirable to set a concrete limit on the UL power which may be utilized by mobile stations once the critical value of UL interference has been reached, for at least the following reasons. Assume that mobile stations A, B, and C are operating in a particular cell. The base station detects UL interference having exceeded the threshold or critical value. Assume that the base station in turn instructs these three mobile stations that they cannot increase their UL power. Problems occur when one of these mobile stations (e.g., MS A) travels further from the base station and towards the cell border. Because it is further from the BS and closer to the border, it requires additional UL power. However, if a limit has been placed on it, it is not allowed to increase power (even if such an increase would not undesirably increase the UL interference in the cell due to the MS′ distance from the BS). Thus, while placing concrete UL power limits on mobile stations may be able to reduce total UL interference in a particular cell, certain mobile stations in the cell may be undesirably handicapped or accidentally cut off as a result of the same (e.g., when certain mobile stations travel away from the BS and toward the cell border).
In view of the above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that there exists a need for addressing UL interference problems in cells of cellular communication networks. Moreover, there exists a need for addressing such problems without having to cut off or undesirably handicap certain MS units which happen to be moving toward the cell border.
In response to calculating or detecting that the uplink (UL) interference has exceeded a predetermined threshold or value in a cell which utilizes closed loop uplink (UL) power control (PC), a base station (BS) instructs a plurality of the mobile stations (MS) currently operating in the cell to reduce their current UL power by a predetermined amount (e.g., value of dB or percentage). Such instruction may override conventional closed loop PC instruction to the mobiles in certain embodiments. In certain embodiments, the base station instructs all mobile stations currently operating in the cell to do so. In such a manner, the UL power reduction is shared in a fairly equal manner by all mobile stations in the cell and adverse effects of overload can be reduced and/or avoided.
As certain mobile stations in the cell move away from the BS and toward the cell border, they may request additional UL power. The base station permits them to increase their UL power, preferably so long as the total UL interference does not increase as a result of the same at the BS. Thus, MS units which happen to be moving toward the cell border are not unduly handicapped relative to other MS units in the cell when a UL interference threshold has been exceeded.
In short, the power of individual mobile stations is not limited (i.e., a concrete limit or ceiling is not put on the UL power of each cell). It is not the output power by the mobiles which is of interest, but instead the received UL interference at the BS which is determinative of total UL interference. The "pain" or burden is thus shared in a fairly uniform manner by all mobile stations in the cell. It is not necessary to immediately terminate connections of certain mobile stations in the cell (although this may be done in certain embodiments along with the above UL power reduction instructions). By limiting the UL interference in the cell, all mobile stations suffer a little, but most if not all still have sufficient quality to continue communicating with the BS.
The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of preferred example embodiments as well as illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which reference numerals refer to like parts. While individual functional blocks and components are shown in many of the figures, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these functions may be performed by individual hardware circuits, by a suitably programmed digital microprocessor or general purpose computer, by an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and/or by one or more digital signaling processes (DSPs).
FIG. 1 is a function block diagram illustrating a universal mobile telephone system (UMTS) in which the present invention may be employed.
FIG. 2 illustrates each base station (BS) of the FIG. 1 embodiment defining its own cell (each BS may define several cells in certain alternative embodiments).
FIG. 3(a) is a function block diagram illustrating a base station in communication with a particular mobile station according to an embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 3(b) is a function block diagram illustrating a base station in communication with a particular mobile station according to another embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating steps taken according to an embodiment of this invention.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular embodiments, network architectures, signaling flows, protocols, techniques, etc. in order to provide an understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. For example, although the present invention is disclosed in the example context of a mobile radio CDMA communication system, it may also be employed in other types of closed loop power control communications systems such as TDMA, and the like. In certain instances, detailed descriptions of well-known methods, interfaces, devices, protocols, and signaling techniques are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary context of a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) in which the instant invention may be implemented. A representative, circuit switched, external core network 1 may be, for example, the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and/or the integrated services digital network (ISDN). Another circuit switched, external core, network may correspond to another public land mobile radio network (PLMN) 3. A representative, packet switched, external core network 5 may be, for example, an IP network such as the Internet. The core network(s) are coupled to corresponding network service nodes 7. The PSTN/ISDN network 1 and other PLMN networks 3 are connected to a circuit switched core node (CSCN) 9, such as a mobile switching center (MSC), that provides circuit switched services. The UMTS may coexist with an existing cellular network, such as the global system for mobile communication (GSM), where the MSC 9 is connected over an interface 11 to a base station subsystem 13 which in turn is connected to radio base station 15 over an interface 17.
The packet switched network 5 is connected over interface 19 to a packet switched core node (PSCN), e.g., a general packet radio service (GPRS) node 21 tailored to provide packet switched type services in the context of GSM which is sometimes referred to as the serving GPRS service node (SGSN). Each of these core network service nodes 9 and 21 also connects to the UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) 23 over a radio access network interface. The UTRAN 23 includes one or more radio network systems (RNS) 25 each with a radio network controller (RNC) 27 coupled to a plurality of base stations (BS) 28 and to other RNCs in the UTRAN 23.
Preferably, radio access over radio interface 29 is based upon wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) with individual radio channels allocated using CDMA channelization or spreading codes. Of course, other access methods may be employed, such as TDMA or any other type of CDMA. WCMDA provides wide bandwidth and other high transmission rate demands as well as robust features like diversity handoff to ensure high quality communication service in frequently changing environments. Each mobile station (MS) 30 is assigned its own scrambling code in order for a base station 15, 28 to identify transmissions from that particular mobile station 30. Each mobile station 30 also uses its own scrambling code to identify transmissions from base stations either on a general broadcast or common channel or transmission specifically intended for that MS 30.
Referring to FIG. 2, radio transmissions of each base station 28 cover a geographical area known as a "cell." Thus, each base station 15, 28 defines a cell having one or more sectors. Cells C1-C5 are illustrated in FIG. 2, along with the corresponding five base stations 28. As discussed above, a plurality of different mobile stations 30 may be provided in each cell. Each BS is in communication with a corresponding RNC 27.
FIG. 3(a) illustrates an embodiment of this invention in the context of a closed loop uplink (UL) power control (PC) system utilized in the context of a CDMA cellular telecommunications system. Referring to FIG. 3(a), communication between a mobile station (MS) 30 and a base station (BS) 15, 28 within a digital cellular communications system as shown in FIGS. 1-2 is indicated in both directions, i.e., both uplink (UL) and downlink (DL). These communications are illustrated with desired message signals (S) as well as interference (I) components. Each of the base stations and mobile stations in FIGS. 1-2 has similar components relative to those shown in FIG. 3(a).
Still referring to FIG. 3(a), illustrated are signal receiving amplifiers 41 and 43 which feed corresponding digital demodulators 45 and 47, respectively. The digital demodulators 45 and 47 are connected separately to respective decoders 49 and 51 for recovering message data (on 53 and 55, respectively) and transmit power control bits/data (on 57 and 59, respectively). Demodulator 45 in MS 30 is also connected to SNIR indicating circuitry 61 which functions to produce a useable indication of SNIR at the MS. Typically, SNIR indications are provided on a frame by frame basis for received DL signals at MS 30. Also illustrated are respective transmission power controllers 63 and 65, respective encoding and modulating circuitry 67 and 69 operative on control data and/or message data to be transmitted by way of respective variable amplifiers 71 and 73. The output power levels from the respective mobile station 30 and base station 15, 28 are controlled by transmit power controllers 63 and 65, respectively.
To summarize, the closed loop power control system illustrated in FIG. 3(a) works as follows. A transmitter (either in the BS or MS, but assume the transmitter in the MS in this embodiment) formats a signal to be transmitted in a way suitable for the applicable transmission interface encoder/modulator 67. The signal is amplified at 71, and then transmitted as an UL signal to the BS. The receiver (i.e., the BS in this embodiment) demodulates 47 and decodes 51 the received signal. The quality of the decoded signal is observed at 83 and/or 65 by a power control (PC) function. When the signal quality is lower than desired (i.e., lower than a predetermined threshold), power controller 65 outputs an "up" command which is input to amplifier 73 and returned to the MS via a DL signal. Otherwise, a "down" command may be returned if it is desired that the MS lower its UL power. The MS receives the up/down command or instruction and demodulates 45 and/or decodes 49 the same. The MS then adjusts its UL power accordingly following the command/instruction sent by the BS. The DL power control may be controlled in a similar manner.
In accordance with an embodiment of this invention, UL interference detector 81 in the base station determines (e.g., monitors, detects, estimates, and/or calculates) the total UL interference in the cell defined by the base station. Detector 81 may do this, for example, by monitoring the total UL power in the cell or alternatively by monitoring the quality of received signals. Detector 81 determines the total interference received from all mobile stations 30 operating in the cell at a given time. In certain preferred embodiments of this invention, total uplink interference may be calculated and/or detected by detector 81 in accordance with the UTRA carrier RSSI Section 5.1.5 of the December, 1999 Technical Specification 3G TS 25.215, which is published, for example, at www.3gpp.org, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. Alternatively, the total uplink interference may be detected in accordance with any of the systems and/or methods disclosed in, for example, any of U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,032,026, 5,963,865, or 6,034,952, the disclosures of which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference. Uplink interference detector 81 in the base station is in communication with UL power reduction calculating circuit 83. Circuit 83 determines whether or not to instruct mobile stations in the cell to reduce uplink power and/or the degree to which the uplink power should be reduced.
So long as the UL power remains below a predetermined threshold or critical value, detector 81 allows the normal closed loop power control process described above to control respective the UL powers utilized by the individual MS connections. However, when detector 81 determines (e.g., measures or estimates) a total interference over the predetermined threshold, it instructs power reduction function 83 accordingly which in turn causes a "down" command/instruction to be sent via amplifier 73 to the MS. Preferably, "down" commands/instructions from detector 81 and/or function 83 override decisions made by power controller 65 once the UL power or interference has been determined to be too high. Thus, during an overload situation, the UL power of the mobile stations 30 is limited, which in turn also limits interference to other cells. Moreover, when such measures are taken to address overload situations, the time needed to get back to normal operating conditions may be reduced. In an exemplary embodiment of this invention, the UL total interference threshold may be from about 6-10 dB over the thermal noise floor, or e.g., about −100 dB.
FIG. 3(b) illustrates another embodiment of this invention, which is similar to the FIG. 3(a) embodiment in that included are MS 30, BS 15, 28, UL amplifier 71, downlink amplifier/summer 73, power controller 65 at the BS, and coders 51, 67. Thus, a closed loop power control system is also provided in this embodiment. Here, interference ceiling protection (ICP) unit 81 (i.e., UL interference or power detector) continuously monitors the total UL power or interference, as does unit 81 in the FIG. 3(a) embodiment. When ICP 81 determines (e.g., measures or estimates) a total interference over the predetermined threshold, it outputs a "down" command/instruction to be sent via amplifier 73 to the MS. Preferably, "down" commands/instructions from ICP 81 override decisions made by power controller 65 once the UL power or interference has been determined to be too high.
Referring to FIGS. 3-4, an exemplary operation of a non-limiting embodiment of this invention will now be described.
A user of MS 30 inputs data into the unit (e.g., the "data out" 85 in FIG. 3(a) may be spoken audio data or any other type of data desired to be transmitted when the MS is a cell phone or the like). This data is then encoded and modulated at 67 in accordance with e.g., CDMA techniques. The resulting modulated signal 87 is then amplified at 71 under the direction of transmission power controller 63. The wireless uplink (UL) signal is then transmitted to the base station 15, 28. At the base station, the signal is received by amplifier 43, demodulated at 47 and decoded at 51 in accordance with known CDMA techniques. A portion of the received signal is also forwarded to uplink interference or power detector 81, which in turn determines the total UL interference in the cell(s) defined by the base station (see step 102 in FIG. 4). Detector or ICP 81 takes into account all mobile stations 30 currently operating in the cell in making its detection/calculation. Once detector/ICP 81 has determined the total UL interference/power in the cell, either the ICP itself or the UL power reduction calculation circuit 83 determines whether or not the total UL interference in the cell exceeds (or alternatively is at least as great as) a predetermined uplink interference threshold ULIth (see step 104 in FIG. 4). This may be determined may comparing the determined UL total power with a predetermined power threshold or level.
As illustrated in FIG. 4, if circuit 83 (or ICP 81 in the FIG. 3(b) embodiment) determines that the total uplink interference at this point in time does not exceed the threshold, then the normal closed loop UL power control process continues with respective "up" and/or "down" commands/instructions being sent to the MS. On the other hand, if it is determined at step 104 that the uplink interference total in the cell does exceed the threshold, then the base station instructs all mobile stations 30 currently operating in the cell to decrease their uplink power by either a predetermined amount (e.g., all mobile stations in the cell may be instructed to reduced their respective UL powers by 1 db, or alternatively by some percentage) or alternatively an amount determined as a function of how much the total UL interference in the cell has exceeded the threshold (see step 106 in FIG. 4). In this regard, the information for instructing the mobile stations 30 in the cell to decrease their respective UL powers, is encoded, modulated and amplified, and sent to the different mobiles stations in the cell (i.e., "down" instructions/commands are sent on the DL to all MSs in the cell). The signals are received by the MS and digitally demodulated and decoded in accordance with known CDMA techniques. Power controllers 63 in the different mobile stations 30 then adjust amplifier 71 in a manner such that the uplink power at each mobile station is reduced in accordance with the received "down" instructions.
In the case where a particular MS 30 which has reduced its UL power in accordance with received instructions and thereafter proceeds to move away from the base station and toward the cell border, the MS may request the base station to allow the MS to increase its UL power in order to maintain a current satisfactory quality of communication. In accordance with certain embodiments of this invention, the BS will permit the MS 30 to increase its UL power as it moves away from the base station and toward the cell border (even when the threshold has been and still is exceeded), so long as the increase in UL power does not cause the total power received at the BS to increase as the MS at issue moves away from the base station. This illustrates that there is no concrete limit placed upon UL power which may be used by any MS in the cell, even when the threshold UL interference level has been exceeded. Thus, in accordance with certain embodiments of this invention, all mobile stations 30 operating in the cell share the burden in an approximately equal manner. Mobile stations 30 which happen to be moving away from the base station and toward the cell border are not unfairly handicapped and/or terminated.
While the present invention has been described in terms of a particular embodiment, those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is not limited to the specific example embodiments described and illustrated herein. Different formats, embodiments, and adaptations besides those shown and described as well as many modifications, variations, and equivalent arrangements may also be used to implement the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the invention be limited only by the scope of the claims appended hereto.
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|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Dec 10, 2010
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Dec 10, 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text: We recently spent 2 weeks in mare apartments. This was second time we have visited mlini and stayed in these apartments. We had a lovely holiday. Mare and her husband are most welcoming and made us feel like visiting friends. She gave us some of her home made jam, marmalade and cakes.it was unusually hot this year so we were... More

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Miguel Ases
Gold & Grey Chandelier Earrings
$195 Gilt
- Color:
- grey
Qty: 1
- 1
- 2
- 3
Please select an available size.
Please select a size.
Description: 14K yellow gold fill, 18K yellow gold plated brass rondelle, and faceted grey beads multi-drop chandelier earrings with grey Miyuki beads and grey Swarovski crystal details
- 4½ inches long
- 1¾ inches at widest point
- Fishhook closure
Material: 14K yellow gold fill, 18K yellow gold plated brass, Swarovski crystal, and glass
Brand: Miguel Ases
Origin: United States


text:
An American teenager was caught at a D.C.-area airport attempting to smuggle four grams of marijuana in a cereal box, officials said Wednesday.
The 15-year-old boy was stopped by Customs and Border Protection officers at Washington Dulles International Airport on Sunday, when an officer noticed a cereal box in his luggage felt too heavy.
CBP spokesman Robert Hunt said the teen was hiding 3.6 grams of marijuana and paraphernalia in a medical kit, which was stuffed into a Cheerios box.
Most people stopped at Customs for smuggling drugs are older, Mr. Hunt said.
"It's unique but definitely not unheard of," Mr. Hunt said.
The boy came off a flight from France around 7 p.m., along with his older brother. The younger sibling "took responsibility for the marijuana," Mr. Hunt said.
The teenager was charged with possession of a controlled substance and released.
Mr. Hunt said it would be up to the court to determine whether his actions fell under a felony or misdemeanor crime, but he said at this point "it looks like just a young man that had his personal use marijuana."


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Airlines Asking Parents to Pay Extra to Sit With Children
The latest move by some carriers has parents outraged.
Pilot's Frustration After False Hijacking Report Caught on Tape
A pilot lost his cool when no one told him why his plane was surrounded by police on JFK runway.
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As a fully master planned community, residents of Fairfield Waters have access to a wide range of shopping and lifestyle facilities. Over 65 hectares of the development has been set aside for community facilities.
The Precinct
The Precinct at Fairfield Waters is Townsville's first Urban Village offering a variety of convenience retail and restaurant experiences in one spot! Ever growing, it is home to Gloria Jean's, Subway, Noodle Box, Eagle Boys and Night Owl. The Precinct affords a range of dining experiences with Bayleaf Indian Gourmet, Crust Gourmet Pizza, Ciabatta, Guzman Y Gomez, The Spirited Goat, Nando's, Red Rooster, Rock Paper Scissors, and Sushi Haven. For added convenience there is a bakery, newsagent, barber, video shop, ATM and a gym. Don't forget to buy local at Precinct Fine Meats and The Precinct Fresh Market Fresh.
For further details about The Precinct please visit www.precincttownsville.com.au.
Fairfield Commercial
Fairfield Commercial consists of Fairfield Central Shopping Centre, Homemaker Centre and Fairfield Business Precinct off Lakeside Drive. For further information in relation to leasing and new Business opportunities please visit www.fairfieldcommercial.com.au.
Fairfield Waters Medical and Dental Centre
Fairfield Waters Medical Centre is open 6 days a week and is located on the corner of Village Drive and Kokoda Street.
Phone: (07) 4778 4581
The Townsville Dental Clinic is also located at the Fairfield Waters Medical Centre.
Phone (07) 472 902 41
Two childcare centres are located in Fairfield Waters on Lakeland Boulevard and Fairfield Waters Drive. A third childcare centre will be opening later this year on Lakeside Drive.
Please contact (07) 4778 4171.
Education & Sport
Fairfield Waters is centrally located and is only minutes from many educational and sporting facilities, including:
#fairfieldwaters #lakesideliving


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Hewlett-Packard recently announced its Converged Cloud strategy the company said aims to combines private, managed and public clouds with traditional IT.
Rackspace, the first OpenStack co-sponsor and co-contributor along with NASA, announced its cloud compute service is now based on the OpenStack platform.
VMware celebrated the first anniversary of its Cloud Foundry platform-as-a-service (PaaS) today with a mid-day party, the announcement of several new partnerships and the launch of a new deployment tool.
Oracle has proposed several new implementation milestones for version 8 of the Java Development Kit (JDK 8), beginning with Milestone 1 on April 24 and ending with Milestone 6 on Jan. 30, 2013.
Go,an open source systems programming language, was first announced by the company in 2009.
According to Scott Hanselman, Microsoft's decision this week to welcome contributions from the open source community to its ASP.NET Web development framework wasn't really about open source.
VMware recently announced that all major extensions to its Spring Framework are now compatible with the latest version of the Spring open source Java development framework.
Kotlin, the JVM-targeted programming language introduced last summer by development toolmaker JetBrains, is now open source.
Oracle on Wednesday announced the general availability of MySQL Cluster 7.2, a high-availability, high-redundancy version of the open source MySQL database adapted for distributed computing environments.
The Open Group this week released the latest version of its modeling language for enterprise architecture, ArchiMate 2.0.
The open-source Node.js server-side JavaScript development environment was the spotlight of Microsoft's keynote presentation.
Open-source business intelligence vendor Jaspersoft recently made its popular Java reporting engine, JasperReports Server, available in the products of two fierce cloud competitors.
A report discussing a planned Microsoft move to allow customers to host Linux servers on its Windows Azure cloud service was released by All About Microsoft's Mary Jo Foley today.
Java runtime maker Azul Systems this week unveiled a new open source tool designed to measure the response-time fluctuations known as "hiccups" associated with an application's underlying Java runtime (RT) platform.
CollabNet, the Brisbane, Calif.-based provider of distributed software development solutions, recently released a new integration framework for its TeamForge Agile ALM platform.
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Now that you've been working with your ensembles for a few weeks and know the strengths of your particular students,… read moreOctober 2nd
We've written before on the Stanton's blog about our knowledgeable staff. Now, we'd like to give you a chance to get… read more
Stanton's has built a reputation as "The Sheet Music Specialists".
Can't attend one of our clinics? Visit Stanton's Virtual Workshop.
In just a few minutes you can have your favorite song printed and ready to play.
Online Service for Music Educators.
Title: A Night In Tunisia
Voicing/Format: Jazz Ensemble
Publisher: Hal Leonard Publishing Corp
Arranger: Mossman, Michael P
Catalog #: 07011973
Grade: 3.5
Series: Little Big Band Price: $45.00


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John Wesley Harding appears in the following:
Wesley Stace Becomes John Wesley Harding
Friday, September 30, 2011
Wesley is a talented man. His third novel (under his given name, Wesley Stace) came out this year, a crime story called Charles Jessold, Considered as a Murderer. Under the stage name John Wesley Harding, he always seems to have an album coming out. His twelfth is The Sound of His Own Voice ...


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Book your room at Ringhotel Sonnenhof
Get an overview of this hotelFamily-friendly Lautenbach hotel in Ortenau with 3 restaurants
Set in Lautenbach, this family-friendly hotel is within 12 mi (20 km) of All Saints Waterfalls, Kuhnerhof Mill, and Toni Merz Museum. Gaisholl Waterfall and Old Wine Cellar are also within 16 mi (25 km).
Hotel Features
Along with 3 restaurants, this hotel has a bar/lounge and free newspapers. Free WiFi in public areas, free self parking, and free train station pick-up are also provided. Additionally, tour/ticket assistance, barbecue grills, and a hair salon are onsite.
Room Amenities
All 16 rooms provide free WiFi, balconies, and room service. Hair dryers and phones are also available to guests.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Dining is available at one of the hotel's 3 restaurants. A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. High-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary. This family-friendly hotel also offers tour/ticket assistance, barbecue grills, and complimentary newspapers in the lobby. Onsite self parking is complimentary.
- Bar/lounge
- Barbecue grill(s)
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Free self parking
- Free WiFi
- Hair salon
- Number of buildings/towers - 2
- Number of floors - 3
- Number of restaurants - 3
- Total number of rooms - 16
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Free train station pickup
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Free self parking
Room Amenities
- Balcony
- Cribs/infant beds (surcharge)
- Free WiFi
- Hair dryer
- Phone
- Rollaway/extra beds available
- Room service (limited hours)
Where to Eat
Buffet breakfasts are available for a surcharge and are served each morning.
Bordeaux-Stube - This restaurant specializes in international cuisine and serves lunch and dinner. Open select days.
Le Soleil - This bistro specializes in international cuisine and serves lunch and dinner. Open daily.
Sonnestueble - This restaurant specializes in German cuisine and serves brunch, lunch, and dinner. Open select days.
Room service (during limited hours) is available.
Nearby Things to Do
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Bicycle rentals nearby
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 2 PM
Check-in time ends at 10 PM
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Rollaway/extra beds are available for EUR 20 per night.
- Cribs (infant beds) are available for EUR 10 per night.
Pets allowed, Only dogs and cats are allowed, Only dogs are allowed
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 1 per person, per night for adults; EUR 0.5 per night for guests up to 1 years old.
Optional extras
- Fee for buffet breakfast: EUR 10 for adults and EUR 6.50 for children (approximately)
- Crib (infant bed) fee: EUR 10 per night
- Rollaway bed fee: EUR 20 per night
We should mention
This property offers transfers from the train station. Guests must contact the property with arrival details before travel, using the contact information on the booking confirmation.
National Rating
Hotelstars Union assigns an official star rating for properties in Germany. This property is rated 4 stars.


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There are 25 results - Show results on a map Print this page
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Church House Bed & Breakfast is situated on a working farm in a peaceful area of Worcestershire, within easy reach of the motorway network. This Grade II listed Georgian building offers relaxing and c...More about Church House Bed & Breakfast
Currently the rating for this establishment is not confirmed. This may be due to a change of ownership or because it has only recently joined the AA rating scheme.�� ...More about The Manor Arms
Once the home of Prime Minister Sir Stanley Baldwin, this much extended country house is set in attractive grounds. A number of bedrooms and suites are located in the original building, although the m...More about Hallmark Hotel Stourport Manor
Located within easy walking distance of shops, restaurants and central attractions, this lovely Victorian house provides a range of thoughtfully furnished bedrooms. Breakfast is served in an attractiv...More about Wyatt Guest House
This 19th-century property is set in 20 acres of neat landscaped grounds in the Worcestershire countryside, close to West Midland Safari Park. The bedrooms are modern and well equipped; some rooms hav...More about Mercure Kidderminster Hotel
This listed Georgian hotel provides a wide range of thoughtfully furnished bedrooms that have smart modern bathrooms. The contemporary decor and furnishing throughout the public areas highlights the m...More about Gainsborough House Hotel
In the heart of the city, Ye Olde Talbot has attractive and cosy public areas where guests can relax and enjoy a wide range of imaginative food, wine and real ales. Bedrooms are thoughtfully furnished...More about Ye Olde Talbot
A very warm welcome awaits at Kateshill House, a Georgian manor house overlooking Bewdley. Two acres of landscaped gardens provide a dramatic backdrop to the house, as well as fruit for breakfasts and...More about Kateshill House
Currently the rating for this establishment is not confirmed. This may be due to a change of ownership or because it has only recently joined the AA rating scheme.�� ...More about Stanbrook Abbey
A warm and friendly welcome awaits you from Karen and Graham at Ashbury Bed & Breakfast. This beautiful and grand Victorian property offers modern, comfortable and stylish bedrooms; the many period fe...More about Ashbury Bed & Breakfast


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Worth the trek!Posted on 06 / 15 / 2015
I say 'trek' - it's not really that bad, but if you aren't prepared to walk far out of the city centre then this may not be the place for you - but you totally should because Vegetarian Food Studio is fab!
Big vegan choice - most of the options on the menu are vegan. I remember last time I spent like 20 minutes trying to decide what I was going to order... so maybe even too much choice! Food's always tasty, including the vegan mango lassi. You can also take food away - they have a very alluring counter at the front of the restaurant with lots of snacks and treats so I was able to take some samosas and pakoras back home for me mam.
The staff are lovely too - one time I was apparently eating my thali wrong, so the waiter came up and showed me the traditional way (I think all he said was to add the dhal to the rice and scoop up with a chapati AND he got me another chapati just so I could try it out hahah) - which anywhere else could have been a bit annoying or invasive but because he was friendly and just genuinely trying to teach me something about Indian food culture it didn't feel condescending in any way.
Plus they've recently spruced up the place by painting Indian-themed scenes across the walls.
All in all I recommend!
Cons: Out of the centre


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Give Now
The nation's flock of egg-laying hens is at its smallest since 2004 thanks to the massive outbreak of avian influenza this spring.
Hens can live up to ten years but they only lay eggs for about five. That's when most birds end up on the chopping block. But in cities, it's more complicated.
Wannabe backyard chicken farmers can rent birds for a season for a no-commitment introduction to raising hens. Great idea or disaster waiting to happen?
The getting-to-know-you process can be tricky for chickens. Here are tips for integrating new birds into your existing flock.
When your hens turn out to be roosters, it can be hard to know what to do. Here are some tips.


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Hey, I'm Deborah!
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Content type:
Stage 1&2
Stage 2&3
Stage 3&4
Stage 4&5
Challenge level:
A circle rolls around the outside edge of a square so that its circumference always touches the edge of the square. Can you describe the locus of the centre of the circle?
What are the areas of these triangles? What do you notice? Can you generalise to other "families" of triangles?
Do you know how to find the area of a triangle? You can count the
squares. What happens if we turn the triangle on end? Press the
button and see. Try counting the number of units in the triangle
now. . . .
You can move the 4 pieces of the jigsaw and fit them into both
outlines. Explain what has happened to the missing one unit of
This rectangle is cut into five pieces which fit exactly into a triangular outline and also into a square outline where the triangle, the rectangle and the square have equal areas.
It's easy to work out the areas of most squares that we meet, but
what if they were tilted?
A red square and a blue square overlap so that the corner of the red square rests on the centre of the blue square. Show that, whatever the orientation of the red square, it covers a quarter of the. . . .
A game for 2 players that can be played online. Players take it in turns to select a word from the 9 words given. The aim is to select all the occurrences of the same letter.
The aim of the game is to slide the green square from the top right
hand corner to the bottom left hand corner in the least number of
A and B are two interlocking cogwheels having p teeth and q teeth respectively. One tooth on B is painted red. Find the values of p and q for which the red tooth on B contacts every gap on the. . . .
The number of plants in Mr McGregor's magic potting shed increases
overnight. He'd like to put the same number of plants in each of
his gardens, planting one garden each day. How can he do it?
Use the interactivity to play two of the bells in a pattern. How do
you know when it is your turn to ring, and how do you know which
bell to ring?
Show that for any triangle it is always possible to construct 3
touching circles with centres at the vertices. Is it possible to
construct touching circles centred at the vertices of any polygon?
Can you discover whether this is a fair game?
Match pairs of cards so that they have equivalent ratios.
A tilted square is a square with no horizontal sides. Can you
devise a general instruction for the construction of a square when
you are given just one of its sides?
Can you find all the 4-ball shuffles?
These formulae are often quoted, but rarely proved. In this article, we derive the formulae for the volumes of a square-based pyramid and a cone, using relatively simple mathematical concepts.
Draw some isosceles triangles with an area of $9$cm$^2$ and a vertex at (20,20). If all the vertices must have whole number coordinates, how many is it possible to draw?
To avoid losing think of another very well known game where the
patterns of play are similar.
Slide the pieces to move Khun Phaen past all the guards into the position on the right from which he can escape to freedom.
Here is a solitaire type environment for you to experiment with. Which targets can you reach?
If you continue the pattern, can you predict what each of the following areas will be? Try to explain your prediction.
A game for 2 players. Can be played online. One player has 1 red
counter, the other has 4 blue. The red counter needs to reach the
other side, and the blue needs to trap the red.
We can show that (x + 1)² = x² + 2x + 1 by considering
the area of an (x + 1) by (x + 1) square. Show in a similar way
that (x + 2)² = x² + 4x + 4
Triangle numbers can be represented by a triangular array of squares. What do you notice about the sum of identical triangle numbers?
A right-angled isosceles triangle is rotated about the centre point
of a square. What can you say about the area of the part of the
square covered by the triangle as it rotates?
Try entering different sets of numbers in the number pyramids. How does the total at the top change?
Start with any number of counters in any number of piles. 2 players
take it in turns to remove any number of counters from a single
pile. The winner is the player to take the last counter.
Euler discussed whether or not it was possible to stroll around Koenigsberg crossing each of its seven bridges exactly once. Experiment with different numbers of islands and bridges.
The opposite vertices of a square have coordinates (a,b) and (c,d). What are the coordinates of the other vertices?
Use the interactivity to listen to the bells ringing a pattern. Now
it's your turn! Play one of the bells yourself. How do you know
when it is your turn to ring?
Practise your diamond mining skills and your x,y coordination in this homage to Pacman.
A counter is placed in the bottom right hand corner of a grid. You
toss a coin and move the star according to the following rules: ...
What is the probability that you end up in the top left-hand. . . .
Can you find a reliable strategy for choosing coordinates that will locate the robber in the minimum number of guesses?
A game for two people, or play online. Given a target number, say 23, and a range of numbers to choose from, say 1-4, players take it in turns to add to the running total to hit their target.
Can you locate the lost giraffe? Input coordinates to help you
search and find the giraffe in the fewest guesses.
Match the cards of the same value.
What is the relationship between the angle at the centre and the
angles at the circumference, for angles which stand on the same
arc? Can you prove it?
Given the nets of 4 cubes with the faces coloured in 4 colours, build a tower so that on each vertical wall no colour is repeated, that is all 4 colours appear.
Two engines, at opposite ends of a single track railway line, set
off towards one another just as a fly, sitting on the front of one
of the engines, sets off flying along the railway line...
Find the vertices of a pentagon given the midpoints of its sides.
There are 27 small cubes in a 3 x 3 x 3 cube, 54 faces being
visible at any one time. Is it possible to reorganise these cubes
so that by dipping the large cube into a pot of paint three times
you. . . .
There are nine teddies in Teddy Town - three red, three blue and three yellow. There are also nine houses, three of each colour. Can you put them on the map of Teddy Town according to the rules?
Players take it in turns to choose a dot on the grid. The winner is the first to have four dots that can be joined to form a square.
Charlie likes tablecloths that use as many colours as possible, but insists that his tablecloths have some symmetry. Can you work out how many colours he needs for different tablecloth designs?
Learn how to use the Shuffles interactivity by running through these tutorial demonstrations.
When number pyramids have a sequence on the bottom layer, some interesting patterns emerge...
On the 3D grid a strange (and deadly) animal is lurking. Using the tracking system can you locate this creature as quickly as possible?
Can you beat the computer in the challenging strategy game?


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Furnished Quarters Wilshire Plaza
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TripAdvisor Reviews Furnished Quarters Wilshire Plaza New York City
Travel Blogs from New York City
Highline tour and yummy food
... was about 2 dozen long again out the door. Took less than 10 min to get to the counter and less than 10 to get our meal. We even managed to snag a few chairs by really keeping an eye on who was finishing up and getting ready to leave. They messed up hubby's order, but we didn't want to go thru trying to get it fixed (he ordered bacon and didn't get it). The burgers were good...certainly better than your average fast food burger, and the ...
Sightseeing, shopping, broadway and all that jazz
... what was on offer. We settled on Chicago, well we of course had been there and to be honest it was the only show on offer that we had heard of. The tickets were for this evening so we had the afternoon to ourselves. The weather was not kind to us, and like the previous day we went shopping....again, much to the delight of Maureen. Macys, bloomingdales, you name it we were there. If I'm being honest I enjoyed the shopping, and bought a pair of converses for myself. Time ...
Knicks get nicked as Rockettes rock
... br> After a fashion show of Dad's new clothes we went for some oysters at Thalia and then dinner at ABC Kitchen in the Flatiron district. I had been trying unsuccessfully to get a table there for months and eventually managed to reserve one with the help of our friend Steph who lives out here. Sometimes in NYC it really is who you know not what you know.
Mum and Dad's last full day in Manhattan ...
"Our little box in Manhattan" Me
... and a welcome 'feet up'. Musings:New York is characterised by richness in almost every dimension and interpretation - rich in people, languages, races, creeds, rich in poverty (beggars, down-and-outs everywhere), rich in wealth too.Central Park's apartments and condos seem to require a dog, a pooch, the more peculiar the better. They are everywhere!Staring up at tall buildings is not good for the neck muscles. A few more hours tomorrow, then we fly home if Gonzalo ...
Brooklyn, Bowery and Paul Giamatti
... walk across the Williamsburg Bridge with cars and subway trains...the view of Manhattan breath taking.
The Bowery, then Soho and passed Paul Giamatti on Wooster...he was muttering to himself...probably learning lines. A pretty decent star spot.
Evening was a Times Square movie with G and a FroYo on the way home...
Tomorrow - ...


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Nancy Murray, Director Bill of Rights Education Project in Massachusetts, American Civil Liberties Union(ACLU).
Since September 11th, President George W Bush and his administration have threatened the world with warnings that nations that do not fall in line with Washington's so-called war on terror will pay a price-you're with us or you're with the terrorists he says. His attorney General John Ashcroft has pushed through a series of repressive decrees and laws, aimed at slashing civil liberties and basic constitutional rights. Ashcroft has said on a number of occasions that to criticize his detention of more than a thousand people here in the US—or any of his edicts for that matter-is supporting what he calls the terrorists. In fact only one member of the Senate, Democrat Russ Feingold of Wisconsin, voted against the repressive anti-terrorism bill.
At a time when dissent has been virtually outlawed, there are still some who dare to speak out.
This past weekend longtime peace-activist Philip Berrigan was released from federal prison after serving 2 years foran anti-nuclear protest in which he and several other activists hammered on US warplanes at the Bath Iron Works inMaine. Their Plowshares action was aimed at the A-10 warthog plane, one of the main warplanes that uses depleteduranium weapons. This was not the first time Phil Berrigan was behind bars. In fact he has spent more than a decadeof his life in prisons and jails throughout the country:
- —In 1964 he was imprisoned for pouring blood on draft cards in Baltimore during the Vietnam War.
- —In 1968, along with his brother Fr. Daniel Berrigan and 7 others burned draft files in Catonsville, Maryland inwhat came to be known as the Catonsville 9.
- —In the early 1970s he was put on trial on false charges of attempting to kidnap Henry Kissinger. Berrigan'swife Liz McAlister was also indicted in that case.
- —In 1980, he and 7 others including Dan Berrigan entered the General Electric plant in King of Prussia,Pennsylvania where they hammered on nuclear warheads. Known as the "Plowshares 8". This sparked a movement called thePlowshares movement where dozens of actions have been carried out at US military facilities across the country,usually involving hammering on weapons or pouring blood on them.
Barely a week out of prison, Phil Berrigan paid George W Bush a visit this past Sunday at the National Cathedral.
- Phil Berrigan, is a longtime peace time activist and a member of the Jonah House community in Baltimore.He was just released from prison where he served some 2 years for an anti-nuclear plowshares action in which he andseveral other people hammered on A-10 warthog attack planes. These warplanes generally drop depleted uranium.
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Additional file 11.
Tables S23-S26 Representative motifs for Clostridium botulinum and C. perfringens. File contains details of rrs sequences of Clostridium botulinum and C. perfringens used for drawing Regular Expression Diagram of signatures presented in Additional file 8: Figures S20-S23.
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Kalia et al. BMC Genomics 2011 12:18 doi:10.1186/1471-2164-12-18


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Rowing Bests Buffalo In Crosstown Rivalry
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We are excited to share the good news that after completing a dual masters program in Public Administration at USC and Jewish Nonprofit Management at HUC, Jeremy Ragent is returning to Hillel at Stanford to serve as the Assistant Director. During his master's program, Jeremy gained experience managing development campaigns, writing and securing significant grants, and modernizing operations for a small social action nonprofit. Jeremy previously worked for three years at Hillel from 2010-2013, as an engagement associate and then as a development associate.
Heather Paul
Director of Student Engagement
650.498.7893 email@example.com
Heather joined the Hillel at Stanford team in September 2010 . She served as the Camp Kesem Director and Jewish Life Associate from 2010-2014 before stepping into her current role as Director of Student Engagement. Before Stanford, Heather spent eight years in the redwoods in Santa Cruz, CA. Heather was the Program Director at Santa Cruz Hillel from 2008-2010. She holds an MA in history and BA's in history and creative writing from UCSC, as well as a graduate certificate in experiential education from Hebrew Union College—Jewish Institute of Religion. When she's not at Hillel, Heather loves reading and discussing excellent novels, visiting state and national parks, and spending hours in museums with her husband, Joseph. Heather and Joseph love museums so much, that in 2009, they got married at the Natural History Museum in Los Angeles, where they were surrounded by family, friends, and dinosaurs. Heather looks forward to getting to know you. Don't hesitate to come say hello!
Jeffrey Sweet
Camp Kesem Director & Design Jewish Initiative Director 650.723.1603 email@example.com
Jeffrey first joined Hillel in 2014 after spending six years in the Jewish community as a Stanford student. When Jeffrey was not working on social action projects within Hillel, he was pursuing a BS in Materials Science and Engineering, an MS in Management Science and Engineering, and working on international health technology projects in Guatemala and Kenya. He loves trying to understand how the world works, from its atoms to complex human organizations. Jeffrey brings his love of creativity, helping others, tikkun olam, and fun to the work he does. He also loves walking, hiking, baking, and playing saxophone, and thinks every one of these activities is more fun to do with a friend. If you ever want to talk about, well, anything, come find him! His door is always open.
Jed Rich
ENGAJ Manager
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Jed Rich is an avid fan of soul singer Sam Cooke and comedian Mel Brooks, whose movie, "Robin Hood: Men in Tights," he can recite virtually verbatim. Jed moved back to the Bay Area from Tel Aviv, where he explored how Jewish ethics can inform social action at BINA Secular Yeshiva, the Museum of the Jewish People, and the Center for the Blind. Previously, Jed worked as an attorney in a nationwide pro bono case on behalf of U.S. military veterans who served in the Cold War era. This work earned him pro bono distinction for three straight years at Morrison and Foerster. As a law student, Jed served as an anti-"predatory lending" fellow at Community Legal Services of East Palo Alto and with Stanford's Jewish Law Students Association. Jed represented Stanford Law School during its first program in China, meeting with legal, government, and business leaders in Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Beijing. He also externed with the U.S. House Committee on Foreign Affairs. Prior to law school, Jed studied intensive Mandarin at Tsinghua University. As an undergraduate, he majored in International Relations and studied abroad in Seville, Spain. He also earned honors in Ethics in Society for his thesis, "The Ethics of Targeted Killing," and served as vice president of the student board at Hillel at Stanford. As males in his family have been singing since Russia was czarist (some say it still is), he will hog the microphone at karaoke. He is the only known living person to have completed the Counter Burger Challenge. Jed is eager to combine his interests in Judaism, ethics, and global social justice to engage graduate students and young professionals in Silicon Valley in his new role as ENGAJ manager with Oshman JCC and Hillel at Stanford.
Rebecca Avera
Israel Fellow
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Rebecca is 28 years old. She was born and raised in Haifa along with her five siblings. Her parents moved to Israel from Ethiopia during "Operation Moses" in 1984. At the age of 18 she was drafted to the army and served in the Military Police, working at check points all over the West Bank, preventing terror attacks from get into Israel. After the army, Rebecca decided to grab her destiny and to follow her dream as a Government Diplomacy and Strategy student at IDC in Herzliya. Two years ago, she was privileged to be part of a delegation, with seven other students, to participate in Israel Apartheid Week on campuses throughout South Africa and "Make the Case for Israel". Rebecca volunteered at the Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington DC, and traveled to England to speak to groups, communities, students and individuals about her Jewish identity as Ethiopian Jewish Israeli student. Rebecca is very excited to begin her next adventure as an Israel Fellow at Hillel at Stanford.
Susan Feist
Development Associate
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In late 2010 Susan made aliya from New York to sunny California, where she enjoyed a long career as Marketing and Public Relations Director at two Westchester JCCs. After a short break from work, she decided it was time to look for the perfect job. Along came the opportunity to work at Hillel. Her major responsibilities revolve around thanking all the wonderful people who donate to Hillel, therefore allowing the organization to offer the important and dynamic programs that it does. Outside of the office, Susan can be found hanging out with her grandchildren, walking the Bay Trail, hiking in the hills, practicing yoga and volunteering at the Peninsula SPCA.
Pat Waters
Finance Manager
650.724.3103 firstname.lastname@example.com
Pat joined Hillel at Stanford in 2003 bringing with her many years of experience working in industry, service and university settings. Pat was instrumental in working with contractors in renovating/building the Taube House and the Koret Pavilion. She recently "retired" from her position as Director of Operations, and she is now working two days a week taking care of all of Hillel's financial matters. Pat is a native Californian and attended Eastern Kentucky University. Pat loves long walks on the beach, trying new salad recipes, and watching Dancing With The Stars. Audrey Samon
Operations Manager 650.497.6523 email@example.com
Danielle Tucker
Program and Marketing Administrator
650.498.9855 firstname.lastname@example.com
A native Floridian, Dee fell in love with California when she first tasted a Hass avocado. While studying journalism and history at the University of Florida, she cultivated a deep connection with Hillel, where she met some of her best friends and discovered previously untapped emotions – such as the rush of tearing down water-damaged walls in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. Her career in nonprofits started with the Florida Museum of Natural History at the University of Florida, where she wrote press releases and articles about life on Earth. Dee loves discovering what makes people tick and bringing their stories to life. In her free time, she can be found reading fantasy novels, playing music, or going on adventures with her dog, Henry. She joined Hillel at Stanford in 2015 and is excited to help make it a place where students and young professionals can foster lifelong connections. Rich Stoner
Facilities Manager
Rich is our rock-star Facilities Manager. He works hard in the wee hours of the morning to keep the Taube Hillel House and Koret Pavilion in tip top shape. If you happen to be here that early (maybe you're pulling an all night study session in the Kopa Cafe) be sure to say hello!


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