text:
|Publication number
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|Application number
|Publication date
|Mar 7, 2006
|Filing date
|Jul 19, 2001
|Priority date
|Jul 20, 2000
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|Publication number
|David H. Gracias, Joe Tien, George M. Whitesides
|Original Assignee
|President And Fellows Of Harvard College
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|Patent Citations (17), Non-Patent Citations (24), Referenced by (36), Classifications (32), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application claims priority to U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/219,570, filed Jul. 20, 2000 and U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/226,105, filed Aug. 17, 2000.
This invention was sponsored by NSF Grant No. CHE9901358. The government has certain rights in the invention.
The present invention relates generally to electrical circuitry, and more particularly to electrical circuitry formed via self-assembly.
Self-assembly is a term used to define the spontaneous association of entities into structural aggregates. The best-known and most well-researched area of self-assembly involves molecular self-assembly, that is, the spontaneous association of molecules, a successful strategy for the generation of large, structured molecular aggregates. Self-assembly of molecules in solution is described by Whitesides, et al., in "Noncovalent Synthesis: Using Physical-Organic Chemistry to Make Aggregates", Accts. Chem. Res., 28, 37–44 (1995). See also Philp, et al., Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1155–1196 (1996) for molecular self-assembly. Nature includes examples of molecular self-assembly where, in the field of biology, many processes involve interfacial interactions and shape selectivity to form complex, three-dimensional structures.
Self-assembly of molecules can be made to occur spontaneously at a liquid/solid interface to form a self-assembled monolayer of the molecules when the molecules have a shape that facilitates ordered stacking in the plane of the interface and each includes a chemical functionality that adheres to the surface or in another way promotes arrangement of the molecules with the functionality positioned adjacent the surface. U.S. Pat. No. 5,512,131 and U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 08/659,537, 08/616,929, 08/676,951, and 08/677,309, and International Patent Publication No. WO 96/29629, all commonly-owned, describe a variety of techniques for arranging patterns of self-assembled monolayers at surfaces for a variety of purposes. See also Whitesides, G. M., "Self-Assembling Materials", Scientific American, 273, 146–149 (1995) for a discussion of self-assembly.
Self-assembly of components larger than molecules is known, for example, self-assembly of bubbles at an air-liquid interface, small spheres self-assembled on surfaces, self-assembly of microspheres via biochemical attraction between the microspheres, and the like. Yamaki, et al., in "Size Dependent Separation of Colloidal Particles in Two-Dimensional Convective Self-Assembly" Langmuir, 11, 2975–2978 (1995), report "convective self-assembly" of colloidal particles ranging in size from 12 nm to 144 nm in diameter in a wetting liquid film on a mercury surface. Size-dependent two-dimensional convective assembly occurred, with larger particles being positioned in the center of the aggregate and smaller particles at the periphery. Cralchevski, et al., in "Capillary Forces Between Colloidal Particles" Langmuir, 10, 23–36 (1994), describe capillary interactions occurring between particles protruding from a liquid film due to the capillary rise of liquid along the surface of each particle. A theoretical treatment of capillary forces active spheres is presented. Simpson, et al., in "Bubble Raft Model for an Amorphous Alloy", Nature, 237–322 (Jun. 9, 1972), describe preparation of a two-dimensional amorphous array of bubbles of two different sizes as a model of an amorphous metal alloy. The bubbles were held together by a general capillary attraction representative of the binding force of free electrons in the metal.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,545,291 (Smith) describes assembly of solid microstructures in an ordered manner onto a substrate through fluid transfer. The microstructures are shaped blocks that, when transferred in a fluid slurry poured onto the top surface of a substrate having recessed regions that match the shapes of the blocks, insert into the recessed regions via gravity. U.S. Pat. No. 5,355,577 (Cohn) describes a method of assembling discrete microelectronic or micro-mechanical devices by positioning the devices on a template, vibrating the template, and causing the devices to move into apertures. The shape of each aperture determines the number, orientation, and type of device that it traps.
While self-assembly at the molecular level is relatively well-developed, self-assembly at larger scales is not so well-developed. Many systems in science and technology require the assembly of components that are larger than molecules into assemblies, for example, microelectronic and microelectrochemical systems, sensors, and microanalytical and microsynthetic devices. Photolithography has been the principal technique used to make microstructures. Although enormously powerful, photolithography cannot easily be used to form non-planar and three-dimensional structures, it generates structures that are metastable, and it can be used only with a limited set of materials.
The fabrication of electronic devices is well established. Microelectronic devices are typically fabricated via photolithography, which is inherently a two-dimensional process. The three-dimensional interconnections required in state of the art microelectronics devices typically are fabricated by the superposition of stacked, parallel planes, and by their connection using perpendicular vias. While these arrangements have been very successful, they require numerous design considerations ranging from minimization of RC delays due to long interconnects, to dissipation of heat using cooling channels designed into three-dimensional structures.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,075,253 (Sliwa) suggests integration of segmented circuitry devices into two-dimensional arrangements using capillary forces at the surface of a floatation liquid.
Commonly owned, co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/816,662, filed Mar. 13, 1997 by Bowden, et al., entitled "Self-Assembly of Macro Scale Articles", as well as the following literature references: Bowden, et al. "Self-assembly of mesoscale objects into ordered two-dimensional arrays", Science (Washington, D.C.) (1997), 276(5310), 233–235; Terfort, et al., "Three-dimensional self-assembly of millimeter-scale components", Nature (London) (1997), 386(6621), 162–164; Bowden, et al., "Mesoscale Self-Assembly: Capillary Bonds and Negative Menisci", J. Phys. Chem. B (2000), 104(12), 2714–2724; Bowden, et al., "Molecule-Mimetic Chemistry and Mesoscale Self-Assembly", Acc. Chem. Res. (2001), 34(3), 231–238; Bowden, et al., "Self-Assembly of Microscale Objects at a Liquid/Liquid Interface through Lateral Capillary Forces", Langmuir (2001), 17(5), 1757–1765, describe self-assembly of some electrical components, and self-assembly of some three-dimensional objects.
While the above and other arrangements are, in some cases, very promising, it would be desirable to introduce flexibility and variety into the possible techniques for fabricating three-dimensional circuitry.
The present invention provides techniques for self-assembly of component articles, and articles so assembled.
In one aspect, the invention provides a series of methods. One method involves allowing a first, a second, a third, and a fourth component to assemble in a non-planar arrangement of components, in the absence of any external net force applied to any of the first, second, third, or fourth components in the direction of any others of the first, second, third, or fourth components. Where each component includes portions of an electrical circuit, at least one electrical circuit can thereby be formed that traverses at least one portion of each of the first, second, third, and fourth components.
In another aspect, the invention provides a series of articles. In one embodiment, an article comprises a non-planar assembly of at least a first, a second, a third, and a fourth component. The components are constructed and arranged to have the ability, individually, in the absence of any external net force applied to any of the components in the direction of any others of the components, to form the assembly. The first, second, third, and fourth components can together define an electrical circuit that traverses at least one portion of each of the first, second, third, and fourth component.
Although electrical circuits are primarily exemplified herein, the invention is not so limited. The invention relates to methods of forming self-assembled structures and structures so formed regardless of whether they include electrical circuits or not.
Other advantages, novel features, and objects of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are schematic and which are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the figures, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures is represented by a single numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component is labeled in every figure, nor is every component of each embodiment of the invention shown where illustration is not necessary to allow those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention.
Commonly-owned co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/816,662, filed Mar. 13, 1997, by Bowden, et al., entitled "Self-Assembly of Macro-Scale Articles", as well as the following literature references: Bowden, et al., "Self-assembly of mesoscale objects into ordered two-dimensional arrays", Science (Washington, D.C.) (1997), 276(5310), 233–235; Terfort, et al., "Three-dimensional self-assembly of millimeter-scale components", Nature (London) (1997), 386(6621), 162–164; Bowden, et al., "Mesoscale Self-Assembly: Capillary Bonds and Negative Menisci", J. Phys. Chem. B (2000), 104(12), 2714–2724; Bowden, et al., "Molecule-Mimetic Chemistry and Mesoscale Self-Assembly", Acc. Chem. Res. (2001), 34(3), 231–238; Bowden, et al., "Self-Assembly of Microscale Objects at a Liquid/Liquid Interface through Lateral Capillary Forces", Langmuir (2001), 17(5), 1757–1765, are incorporated herein by reference. Any and all techniques used in any of these documents for self-assembly can be used, alone or in combination, with any aspects of the invention described below, alone or in combination.
The present invention provides techniques for self-assembly of electrical circuitry three-dimensionally, rather than two-dimensionally. Individual components of an overall circuit are initially in a separated, non-interconnected state and, without net external forces applied to any of the individual components in a direction of any of the other individual components, are allowed to contact each other and to fasten to each other to form a self-supporting, three-dimensional electrical circuit.
A self-supporting electrical circuit, in this context, means an electrical circuit including at least one electrically conductive pathway that traverses portions of the circuit that had initially been at least two, individual and separate components. In preferred embodiments, an electrical pathway traverses three or more, or preferably all portions of a final three-dimensional electrical self-supporting arrangement that had been individual components prior to self-assembly. Portions of individual components, prior to self-assembly, that define an electrically-conductive pathway spanning multiple components after self-assembly can define any portion, or proportion, of the individual components. That is, an individual component can include a large electrically-conductive component that defines a large proportion of the individual component, for example greater than fifty percent of the surface area or internal structure. Or the electrically-conductive portion of the individual components can define less than forty percent, less than thirty percent, less than twenty percent, or less than ten percent of the individual component. In preferred embodiments, the component includes an electrically-conductive portion that defines but one of the above percentages or less, the remainder of the component being electrically non-conductive. An example of such a component is a polymeric structure including, on one or more (preferably a plurality) of surfaces thereof an electrically-conductive metal such as copper, or the like. Any of a variety of polymeric materials can be used as basic component structures.
"Three-dimensional", in the context of self-assembled structures of the present invention, means structures that are arranged from components that form a generally non-planar self-assembled arrangement. Preferably, a final, three-dimensional self-assembled structure is arranged such that a single plane can not be arranged in any way so as to contact all components that join to form the three-dimensional structure. For example, a generally non-planar, self-assembled arrangement includes one in which a plane can be arranged to intersect first, second, and third components that come together to form the structure, but does not intersect a fourth component of the self-assembled structure. Also in preferred embodiments, at least one component includes at least two surface contact areas that are not coplanar, and are not parallel, and at each surface contact area a separate component makes contact with and fastens to the surface contact area and defines an electrically-conductive pathway or pathways traversing the different components, and, preferably, electrically connecting all components together.
In particularly preferred embodiments a plurality of components are provided each having at least two surface contact areas, or mating surfaces, that are essentially flat, at least one component including three or more surface contact areas that are essentially flat. In each component, each surface contact area is preferably non-coplanar with all other surface contact areas and is parallel with respect to no more than one other surface contact area. The surface contact areas of at least one of the components define at least three different, non-parallel planes, and can comprise four, five, or more non-parallel, different planes. Examples of shapes of components useful in the invention include polyhedra. In such arrangements, many components can fasten to a single component at different surface contact areas, or mating surfaces, and, where this is the case for many of the components, highly-complex structures can be formed.
Self-assembled structures of the invention are useful for a variety of purposes, including light-emitting diodes such as those described below.
The components, and the electrical circuitry associated with the components and with the final, three-dimensional, self-assembled structure can be of a variety of sizes. The self-assembled structures of the invention find particular use at a small scale, where at least one individual component includes a maximum dimension of no more than about two centimeters, preferably no more than about one centimeter, more preferably still no more than about eight millimeters, and in some embodiments, no more than about five millimeters. In preferred embodiments at least two components, or preferably three, four, five, eight, or ten components each include a maximum dimension of one of the above preferred dimensions and joined together to form at least one electrical circuit that traverses at least one portion of the components.
As mentioned, the present invention involves self-assembly of components into three-dimensional, self-supporting structures in the absence of external net force applied. As used herein, "external net force" is meant to define a non-random force applied to a self-assembling component, in the direction of a second self-assembling component, for a period of time sufficient to cause the components to mate. Examples of non-random, external net forces include a mechanical force applied to a component selectively, application of an electric or magnetic field to a component susceptible to such a field, the use of gravity to cause self-assembly to occur, and the like. Self-assembly can be facilitated by application to a system of energy that does not constitute an external net force, as defined above, for example agitation of a system allowing random component/component interactions leading to self-assembly as described herein. In another aspect, no energy is applied to a system of components and self-assembly occurs spontaneously over time.
In some embodiments individual components include contact surface areas that are non-distinguishable by other components, that is, a second component can contact any of a number of contact surface areas of a first component with equal likelihood, and equal energy associated with contact. In other embodiments the first component may include two or more contact surface areas, but only one of the contact surface areas is constructed and arranged to mate with a contact surface area of a second component. That is, two components may each include a plurality of surface contact areas, but each may include only one mating surface with respect to the other component. A "mating surface" in this context is a surface of a component that is shaped in a predetermined manner and/or otherwise adapted to mate selectively with a mating surface of another component. Mating surfaces also can include a chemical functionality that is attractive to its counterpart mating surface, and that does not attract other contact surface areas that are not mating contact surface areas. For example, mating contact surface areas may include complimentary adhesive, or may each be hydrophobic while other contact surface areas are hydrophilic, or vice versa. Preferably, mating surfaces promote self-assembly via reduction of free energy of the overall system, optionally alone or in combination with factors described elsewhere herein.
Individual components can be assembled to form an assembly comprising at least one electrical circuit by allowing them to contact each other under conditions that favor the juxtaposition of mating surfaces energetically, upon random interactions between components. For example, mating surfaces can be rendered hydrophobic, with other surfaces rendered hydrophilic, and in aqueous solution in the presence of random forces (e.g., random mixing or vibrational agitation), juxtaposition of the mating surfaces will be a lower-energy arrangement and will result after sufficient random component/component interactions. Alternatively, mating surfaces can be hydrophilic with remainder surfaces hydrophobic, with random interactions carried out in a hydrophobic medium. Those of ordinary skill in the art are aware of techniques for selectively modifying specific surface areas to expose a chemical functionality or physical characteristics different from surrounding areas, and allowing such components to self-assemble in an appropriately selected medium, as described in the above-referenced patent application of Bowden, et al., and literature references of Bowden, et al., Terfort, et al., Bowden, et al., and Bowden, et al., incorporated by reference. This technique can be used, optionally, in combination with processes based on capillary interactions or forces between patterns of features of mating surfaces, such as solder drops (described more fully below).
Electrical circuits result from the provision, on surfaces or within individual components, of individual portions of an overall electrical circuit. Once self-assembly of components occurs in a manner dictated by juxtaposition of mating surfaces, an overall electrical circuit spanning individual components results where individual portions of the electrical circuit are electrically connected to each other upon matching of mating surfaces of individual components.
The following general exemplary self-assembled electrical circuit will be described to illustrate one way in which the invention can be manifested. Those of ordinary skill in the art, upon reading this disclosure, will recognize other ways that electrical circuits can be created, via self-assembly, and the invention is not intended to be limited by the following description.
This example involves the formation of two fundamental classes of 3D electrical networks—parallel and serial—by self-assembly as a strategy for fabricating three-dimensional (3D) microelectronic devices. The basic component in this exemplary assembly is a polyhedron (a truncated octahedron, TO), on whose faces electrical circuits are printed. In the exemplary demonstrations, these circuits include light emitting diodes (LEDs) to demonstrate electrical connectivity and trace the networks. Although not shown, they can also include devices with more complex functionality (e.g. processors). The LEDs are wired to patterns of solder dots on adjacent faces of the polyhedron. The TO are suspended in a liquid that has approximately the same density as the components that self-assemble to form the electrical circuit. Self-assembly is carried out under set conditions that allow the mating surfaces of the components to interact and to fasten to each other irreversibly under the set conditions. That is, random interactions between the components occur until the mating surfaces contact each other and are in register with each other. Once that occurs, without a change in the conditions (i.e., continuing under the set conditions), the components are joined irreversibly unless significant net forces are applied to one or both of the components in a direction that would cause them to separate. Since the self-assembly system does not involve such net external forces, but relies upon random interactions, net forces do not exist that would separate the components. Once the components are joined, conditions can be changed to further solidify, i.e., render more permanent, interconnects between the components. For example, the temperature of the system can be changed after joinder of the mating surfaces to cause components of the mating surface to solidify relative to each other. For example, the set conditions can define a temperature at which portions of the mating surfaces under the set conditions (irreversible under the set conditions), the temperature can be reduced to solidify the liquid and further solidify the connection between the mating surfaces. This further solidification can result in an assembly that is irreversible, i.e. individual components do not become detached from each other, even in the presence of net external forces that would otherwise cause them to separate. For example, the TO can be suspended in an approximately isodense liquid at a temperature above the melting point of the solder (Tm ˜47� C.), and allowed to tumble gently into contact with one another. The drops of molten solder fuse, and the minimization of their interfacial free energy generates the forces that assemble the TO into regular structures.
The function and advantage of these and other embodiments of the present invention will be more fully understood from the examples below. The following examples are intended to illustrate the benefits of the present invention, but do not exemplify the full scope of the invention.
Processes based on capillary interactions between solder drops have been used previously to assemble electronic and mechanical structures: examples include "flip-chip" technology (Miller/IBM J. Res. Develop., 239 (May 1969)), and the rotation of parts of microstructures into non-planar orientations (R. R. A. Syms, E. M. Yeatman, Electronics Letters 29, 662 (1993); F. K. Harsh, V. M. Bright, Y. C. Lee, Y., Sens. Actuators A77, 237 (1999)). During assembly, recognition of the pattern of dots on one face by that on another orients and registers the patterns, and results in well-defined pattern of dot-on-dot electrical connections between different polyhedra. With appropriate designs, self-assembly of polyhedra can generate networks in which the LEDs are connected either in parallel or in series.
Masters for forming the polyhedra were machined out of aluminum, and molds were made from these masters using poly (dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS Sylgard 184, Dow Corning). Polymeric polyhedra were then cast in these molds using a photocurable polyurethane polymer (NOA 73, Norland). A sheet of flexible copper-polyimide composite (Pyralux LF 9110, DuPont) was coated with a photoresist (Microposit, 1813, Shipley) using hexamethyldimethylsiloxane (HMDS) as a primer. Both were spun on at 4000 rpm. After a soft-bake at 115� C. (5 min), this sheet was exposed to UV light through a negative mask containing an array of the pattern of connector dots, contact pads and wires. The exposed photoresist was developed and the exposed copper was removed by etching with an aqueous ferric chloride solution (1.4 g FeCl3/mL of H2O). Unexposed photoresist was removed with acetone. The basic pattern was then cut out manually and glued (Krazy glue, Elmer's Products) to the faces of the polyhedra. In the demonstrations of parallel and serial networks, LEDs (BL-HS136, American Bright Optoelectronics Corp.) were manually soldered (Rosin Core Solder, Radio Shack, m.p. ˜185� C.) onto the copper contact pads. These soldered regions were coated with a thin impervious layer of adhesive (CA-50 Gel, 3M) to avoid wetting and cohesion of these regions during assembly. The adhesive was allowed to harden completely over 48 hours. The polyhedra were then immersed in a bismuth solder (117, Small Parts Inc. m.p. ˜47� C.) which was melted in an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (pH ˜1). The acid dissolved the oxide layer on the copper and the solder. The solder coated only the exposed copper regions on the polyhedra (dots and wires), but did not wet the polymeric surfaces. The solder-coated polyhedra were allowed to self-assemble in an aqueous KBr solution [density 1.1–1.4 g/cm3, pH 3–4 adjusted with acetic acid (to dissolve oxides on the solder; a function similar to that of flux in conventional soldering), ˜0.001% (v/v) of soap (Triton-X100, Aldrich, to prevent the formation of bubbles at the surface of the polyhedra)], in an indented round-bottomed flask, heated above the melting point of the solder (˜70� C.) in an oil bath. The flask was placed horizontally on a rotary evaporator that was rotated at 5–20 rpm. All self-assemblies were completed within an hour. The assemblies were rotated for an average of fifteen minutes after they formed, at which time the assembly was allowed to cool. The last fifteen minutes may serve to anneal the structure to correct errors in the connections. On cooling, the molten solder interconnects solidified, and gave the aggregates sufficient strength that they could be manipulated.
Solder patterns: A scheme was used in which LEDs were mounted on the hexagonal faces of the TO, and solder dots were placed on the square faces. To maximize the rate of self-assembly, all of the square faces of the TO had the same four-fold symmetric pattern of solder dots, defining a mating surface. With this pattern, perfect registration of patterns on juxtaposed faces occurred in one of four indistinguishable ways; dots on the patterns that transformed into each other under four-fold rotational symmetry were equivalent, and served the same function. On the 3 mm�3 mm square face, the width of all of the solder dots was ˜1 mm. Referring to
A common Size was Preferred: The solder wetted the copper with a well-defined contact angle, and each drop therefore had the same height. Empirical testing suggested that the optimum distance between adjacent solder dots was approximately one-half their width. Smaller separations resulted in electrical shorting between dots due to bridging with solder; larger separations resulted in misalignment. We designed the pattern of solder dots to give an energy diagram for self-assembly having one large (global) minimum, and relatively weak local minima (
Wires: The wires that connect different solder dots electrically on each TO were fabricated in the same way as the dots. When the patterned TO were dipped in solder, these wires were also covered with a solder layer. By making the wires substantially narrower (˜150 μm) than the diameter of the dots (˜1 mm), the height of the solder film on the wires was limited to ˜15% that on the dots. When the faces self-assembled, the larger dots fused into connections, but the smaller wires did not touch and fuse (FIG. 2,C). It was, as a result, unnecessary to insulate the wires to prevent shorting, even when they crossed on juxtaposed faces of two TO.
Architecture: These examples demonstrate, by self-assembly in 3D, networks that are widely used in current 2D integrated circuit technology. In these systems, pins on processors belong to one of three groups: buses (A1′, . . . , An′; driving voltage, clock), inputs (I1′, . . . , Im′), and outputs (O1′, . . . , Om′). Bus lines connect processors in parallel (Aj′
In the pattern of solder dots shown in
Parallel Networks (Buses):
Serial Networks (I/O connections):
In order to reduce the number of circuits that would be formed (and of LEDs required to check their electrical connectivity), and to minimize the geometrical problems of packing the LEDs in the arrays, only four of the dots ("active" dots) in the solder pattern ({3, 9} {and {7, 13}) were wired to LEDs. The other four dots ({6, 12} and {4, 10}) were connected to each other ("passive" dots). The active and passive dots had two-fold symmetry, while the global pattern on individual connector dots on the assembling square faces had four-fold symmetry. This difference in symmetry resulted in the formation of a stochastic network on self-assembly (if a deterministic network were required, all the dots ({3, 6, 9 and 12} and {4, 7, 10 and 13}) would need to be connected to LEDs). There are three types of connections which result from overlap of dots at each assembling face (a) connections between LEDs on different TO, involving only active dots with a probability of one-fourth (b) connections between LEDs on the same TO, involving both active and passive dots with a probability of one-half and (c) connections containing no LEDs, involving only passive dots with a probability of one-fourth. The important feature of the assembled 3D network was that the cathode of one LED always connected to the anode of another LED across the assembling faces. This connectivity was visualized by lighting up the serial loops in the assembly;
This system—using capillary forces between patterns of solder drops to form interconnections between different electrical components in 3D—provides a foundation for the self-assembly of 3D, multicomponent electronic devices. The 3D assemblies can be designed to be porous: This porosity may allow for cooling fluid to be pumped through the assemblies. The shape of the distribution of solder dots on the assembling faces raises interesting questions regarding the "recognition" of one pattern by another.
Although these examples demonstrate parallel and serial connectivity separately, it is possible to extend these ideas to more complex networks involving different combinations of parallel and serial connections. The LEDs in our demonstrations represents simple bipolar electronic devices; in order to fabricate 3D computational devices, elements of digital logic (e.g. five-pin single logic gates (five-pin, single logic gates are part of the Little Logic™ line of products sold by Texas Instruments) can be incorporated into the 3D assemblies. The strategy of self-assembling networks facilitates the formation of a high degree of interconnection between individual processing elements in determining ways.
Those skilled in the art would readily appreciate that all parameters listed herein are meant to be exemplary and that actual parameters will depend upon the specific application for which the methods and apparatus of the present invention are used. It is, therefore, to be understood that the foregoing embodiments are presented by way of example only and that, within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereto, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described. Specifically, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific embodiments of the invention described herein. Such equivalent are intended to be encompassed by the following claims.
In the claims, all transitional phrases such as "comprising", "including", "carrying", "having", "containing", "involving", and the like are to be understood to be open-ended, i.e. to mean including but not limited to. Only the transitional phrases "consisting of" and "consisting essentially of", respectively, shall be closed or semi-closed transitional phrases as set forth in the United States Patent Office Manual of Patent Examining Procedures, section 2111.03.
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|U.S. Classification
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Owner name: PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE, MASSACHU
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Owner name: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION, VIRGINIA
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Date of Stay: September, 2011
The owners of this campground would go out of their way to help with just about anything. The sites are tight and there are many seasonal folks. It is right next to a federal prison but we felt very safe here. Quiet at night. We could not get one of the sites with sewer, so the owner would come and empty our holding tanks when asked.
Date of Stay: September, 2011
Amazing owners and quiet nights set right smack in the middle of the Allegheny National Forest. You can get to everything with a short drive. The owners will advise on great hikes or things to do. You can hike from the campground directly into the National Forest. There is a stream with trout in the center of the campground. Sleep by a babbling brook! LP gas available, fire rings, and picnic table at all sites. There is also a lodge to rent and rooms. We will return next spring.
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Nice campground with many sites directly on the River. The owners were great and helpful. Great BBQ get togethers in the pavilion. The road noise is the only drawback, but bearable. We like to hike and you have to travel out by car to hike. We would camp here again.


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26 North 100th Plaza
Omaha, Nebraska, 68134
Commute to Downtown Omaha
Most errands require a car.
Some hills, some bike lanes.
Score Details
26 North 100th Plaza has a Walk Score of 34 out of 100. This location is a Car-Dependent neighborhood so most errands require a car.
This location is in Omaha. Nearby parks include Tomahawk Hills Park, North Oaks Park and Sunnyslope Park.
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This location is in the city of Omaha, NE. Omaha has an average Walk Score of 41 and has 408,958 residents.


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We created Pandora to put the Music Genome Project directly in your hands
It's a new kind of radio –
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Duke Bluebeard's Castle (A Kékszakkallú Herceg Vára), Opera In One Act, Sz. 48, BB 62 (Op. 11): Sixth Door-tears
Features of This Trackan overall compositional virtuosity
a well-known composer
a Modern style
a large orchestra
tonal harmony
a slow and stately tempo
an opera
These are just a few of the hundreds of attributes cataloged for this track by the Music Genome Project.show more


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On August 25, 2015, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a notice in the Federal Register announcing a Public Meeting and Opportunity for Public Comment on Considerations for Risk Assessment of Genetically...more
Federal -
Final 2014 Effluent Guidelines Program Plan and 2014 Annual Effluent Guidelines Review Report
EPA is announcing the availability of its Final 2014 Effluent Guidelines...more
On June 23, 2015, the House passed the TSCA Modernization Act of 2015 (H.R. 2576) by a vote of 398-1. The House Committee on Energy and Commerce issued a press release on June 22, 2015, noting that the bill "would bring...more
Environmental and Policy Focus - Most water rights holders facing cuts miss state compliance deadline: Los Angeles Times - Jun 22:
The majority of California growers, irrigation districts, and others who have been...more
EPA held a public meeting on June 11, 2015 on EPA's Proposed Rule imposing one-time electronic reporting and recordkeeping requirements on manufacturers and processors of certain nanoscale materials under Section 8(a) of the...more
Part 3 of Biofuels Digest's "Thought Leadership" series highlighting some of the ways the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) applies to biobased products was published May 18, 2015. Summaries of the first two "TSCA and the...more
For the first time, and after multi-year negotiations with, and review by, the Office of Management and Budget, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is proposing to use its authority under the federal Toxic Substances...more
This analysis reviews the changes made to the original version of the Chemical Safety Improvement Act (CSIA) (identified as CSIA1 in this memorandum) based on Senator Barbara Boxer's (D-CA) version of the Toxic Substances...more
On September 2, 2014, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgated final significant new use rules (SNUR) under Section 5(a)(2) of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) for 36 chemical substances that were the...more
The new Department of Ecology (Ecology) grant funding rules, which are expected to go into effect in September 2014, will change the way grant recipients resolve contribution claims against other liable parties under the...more
What began in 2008 with a few states enacting laws to address the perceived threats to children from chemicals in toys and kids' products has become a full-fledged "green chemistry" movement in dozens of states. These laws...more
On April 29, 2014, the House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Environment and the Economy held a hearing to review a revised draft of the Chemicals in Commerce Act (CICA2). Representative John Shimkus (R-IL), Chair of the...more
On April 22, 2014, Representative John Shimkus (R-IL), Chair of the House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Environment and the Economy, announced that the Subcommittee will hold a hearing on April 29, 2014, to review a...more
On April 10, 2014, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released its strategic plan through 2018. A copy of the plan is available online. It includes statements by EPA reinforcing its commitment to enhancing...more
Whatever window of opportunity exists to reform the Toxic Substances Control Act is closing. This is not only because the mid-term elections are fast approaching, or that there are too few legislative days left this session,...more
EPA Makes TSCA Notifications Of Substantial Risk Amendable To Electronic Reporting: On March 19, 2014, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced that notifications of substantial risk under Section 8(e) of the...more
On February 4, 2014, the House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Environment and the Economy held a hearing entitled "Testing of Chemicals and Reporting and Retention of Information under TSCA Sections 4 and 8." This was...more
As part of the recent "Green Chemistry" push, numerous states have considered or enacted laws mandating companies selling products there, predominantly children's products, report to these state agencies data about the...more
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Sale and Purchase Agreement
Under the sale and purchase agreement, PharmAthene will acquire all of the assets and intellectual property related exclusively to Avecia's rPA anthrax vaccine programs and plague vaccine programs. Approximately 50 employees from Avecia's UK office will transfer to PharmAthene but remain based in the UK. In consideration for these assets, PharmAthene will provide to Avecia a cash payment of $20 million, which is to be comprised of $10 million at closing and $10 million within twelve months from the date of closing of the acquisition. In addition, Avecia will be eligible to receive milestone payments totaling $20 million in the aggregate, contingent upon receipt of procurement contracts for the anthrax rPA vaccines and the plague vaccine, and royalties on sales to the U.S. government.
Broad Oak Partners and Piper Jaffray Ltd. acted as financial advisors to PharmAthene and Avecia, respectively.
"PharmAthene was clearly the ideal candidate for our biodefense
vaccines business as their team possesses important regulatory, advanced
development, commercial and government contracting experience, particularly
in the field of vaccine development and commercialization. We believe that
under PharmAthene's ownership the prospects for these vaccines will be
further enhanced. As continuing manufacturers of the drug substance, this
is to
|SOURCE PharmAthene, Inc.
Copyright©2008 PR Newswire.
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text:
I love this song
I like the song.
the beat is dope the songs dope to the whole fuckin cole world album is dope shit j.cole i don't know how u do it but u do keep on doing it cause your the shit your going to have to make a space on your wall cause i see more gold and platinum plaques in your future
Video coming out soon Yeeeeeah
nice track
COO TRACK.. CHECK OUT SOME OF MY MUSIC.. MILITARY OVERSEAS WITH ANOTHER DREAM [LISTENhttp://www.reverbnation.com/play_now/song_10634408 LIKE?
Were all tryna live out our dreams I know Youtube mostly consists of haters that sit behind a computer screen and criticize, but i would like if ya'll would go to my channel and check out my music. Real life hip hop about real life issues. No violence glamorized and I stay true to myself and the issues in my community http://www.youtube.com/user/GRITTYSTACKZ
that is a sick ass sample i dont know why people think the beat is wack
Anybody who's shocked that Missy can sing has never heard any of her albums.
Boy oh boy, that is one awful beat...Cool lyrics though...
One of my favs of the album. Like many of you have pointed out already, Missy definitely worked her magic on this track. I thought she was falling back and just producing now. This makes me want to her new music from her!
Missy got pipes(can sing)...?
Ur late...
My fav. Off cole world
where u from in the 909 i stay right there on Haven and riverside u live by there?
Uhh, Why am i addicted to this song? lol damn finna go cop this album now. COLEWORLD
I never liked Cole real talk....but this shit is fire... flow is on point, beat is hot, then that singing just solidifies it!
beat sounds pretty bad, Cole has done a lot better.
You aint got no soul to feel it is why you feel that way
I fucks with this.
I fuck with you... Lol (If thats your body)
cole killed this track from beginning to end! every track I have heard so far from Sideline Story has managed to impress me. how can you say he's not nice?..some may say that he had a lot of pressure to come out with a solid release...damn..I think he crushed any doubts. --------- i.got.next------> www.blay.bandcamp.com
First time i liked a missy song in a long time.She sounds so much beter when she doesnt rap
I can ROCK with this
j coles gettin up there fast
GO TO autocashandtraffic.com?btownrebel TO MAKE MONEY ONLINE DAILY, I'M MAKING OVER A HUNDRED DOLLARS A DAY FROM THIS!
I Really do feel this song . . ALOT ! lOl && Missy sounds really good. I didnt even know it was her. Imma HUGE Lil Wayne fan , but I think J.Cole is better Artist , (Low-Key) Im going to get this CD ASAP
pretty dope but Missy made the track dope
nobodys perfect, in the morning, nothing lasts forever are the only 5 star tracks on the album
jay dont say commercial.. sounds stupid. if cole is commercial then i love mainstream shit.
all tracks on the album is from 4 to 5 stars. Nothing less than that.
You chose 2 commercial songs and the song that aint even on the album....gay
Missy killed it
Fuc**** dope song!
def 5
5 cheeeese eggs and potatoeeesss
SHITT...Best of the album
dope song, missy new to come back too she was always so creative
cole world leak isn't as good as the store bought. List to this new record New Exclusive @JaeRellz212 Ft.AceKannon -Do It For The Hood http://www.limelinx.com/files/8f42f6f29469a35d8bcb6f17c81af6ea
cole world...cheese eggs n potatoes
One of the best rap music this year. Thanks J.Cole & Missy!
best song I've heard from Cole in a while.
man i cant get enough of this song follow me on twitter @jennkydiaz
but I really like this song....I love shit I can relate to! #support Phonte is favorite artist. #charitystartsathome
#thisisnottwitter ,, ,,, ,,,,
imma see him 2morrow yay
J cole is almost perfect. Cole world = Classic
Cole World! album is gonna crazy follow me on twitter @jennkydiaz
buy Cole World on Tuesday. or Wed. or Thurs. Or Fri. or Sat. buy it the first fucking week!!! out
light up a j to this one and ride out on the town
My nigga Cole dis hottt
go support Cole and hip hop on Tuesday. he deserves it. Cole World!!!
let me put it this way, you guys love j.cole now! but if he blows up bigger than he is now, you will hate him. just look at the comments for drake 3 yrs ago and look at them now. smh
I agree with bdavis. Many people like being fans of artists because they are "unknown" but as soon as they become big, they say they're no longer fans because everyone else is. Too many people are too interested in artists just because they are not "mainstream." I liked Drake 3 years ago and still do. I like J. Cole now and will continue to do so as long as he makes music I like, regardless of how big he gets.
look at the quality of music from drake 3 years ago and look at it now.
Nobody's Perfect > Watch the Throne > Carter IV just imagine the rest of the album.... NC
IKR ! Smh Love them CDS :)
Awesome song
Fire....new King in town move over lil Wayne aka women jean wearing kissing baby in the mouth Weezy
I didn't see a joke there... dude wears jeans that women do.. and he kisses Baby in the mouth... haven't seen the pics? google it..
That wasnt even funny , Like STFU , HATER !!
This is nice. Man I can't wait to get this album.
add me!:) And shhh, Iââ¬â¢m also looking for a cute guy to hookup with at http://goo.gl/Tp1Bb or http://xxxasianbook.com/Natasha562.php
any cuties wanna add me on http://goo.gl/Tp1Bb ? :)
J.COlE ON HIS ISH REAL TALk.!
nc all dayy
Cole smooth flow on this. Missy smooth hook. Dope track. Cole woorrrld
i wish missy blessed up with a verse
Too hot
Fuck yea, that was awsum!!
....Cole world is just nutzzzz
very smooth and soulful. Love, cheese eggs and potatoes
This song is perfect for me. real talk.
Hot song! Best songs on the album: DAAD3, Lights Please, Lost Ones, Never Told, Rise & Shine and Breakdown. Possible classic.
not possible. it is a classic the diversity in the cd is for everyone
J Cole is about to kill it on a major level. Song is pure heat and Missy set it off
damn this is my fuckin jam
uh yeah 7
Near perfect album....cole world, mr nice watch and work out only wack ones
Cole's debut is DAMN GOOD. Best mainstream rap album in awhile along with My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy. He's getting big so a lot of people are hating with little to back up their outlandish statements. It's quite amusing. Cole is only going to keep progressing now that he's got his feet wet with one album. He's got the hang of it now. Also, Kendrick's Section .80 isn't better than Cole's debut. Some songs on Section .80 are chores to listen to. Dude isn't as well-rounded as Cole. He's over my head you say???? yeah fucking right. Nice try. What other rapper is putting out deep tracks like Lost Ones, Dollar and a Dream 3, Breakdown, Never Told...and then making catchy but still lyrical hits like Can't Get Enough, Mr. Nice Watch and In The Morning? Ya'll can think he's better because he's not as mainstream, and it's cool (and very easy) to hate on those who are bigger and getting more attention. Cole World
Album is most definitely dope.....but FUCK mr nice watch lol
Heard dis.. well said. Cole World Cole Blooded Cole Life
yeaaaaaah! {jeezy voice} this is my shit. remember when missy elliot was killin' the charts? good to hear somethin' from her. perfect choice.
YESSS!!!!!{{no homo}}But Cole & Missy & this beat have all just gave me and the Hip-Hop community a major orgasm!!!! Follow Me On Twitter: @LuhSimba
Good track, but I wouldn't be surprised if I never listened to it again. Definitely didn't have me hitting the replay button
You must be on crack then...this shit right herrrrree! ...This shit right herree son! This joint is fire!
this could've been the the second single after cant get enough instead of workout being 1st then cant get enough 2nd
okkaaaay! missyy! cole!
WOW... this is refreshing Hip Hop. Nice to hear plain ol #GoodMusic w/o the corny gimmics. Cole went in & Missy sounds superb on this track. Its been a minute since we heard her SANG.
this is perfect.
And I also love how the internet makes so many ordinary people feel like they're professional critics...Everyone's entitled to their opinion but there's a difference between giving an unbiased assessment and just flat out hating...IN MY OPINION there is no relevant artist putting out hotter music than this right now
kendrick lamar
Track is fire fuck the haters...Tired of comin on here and seeing "dude is overrated, average, album isnt classic, etc" U dont know if something is truly classic until years down the line...
Dope Cole iz super nice!
so fucking overrated get over him
didn't even listen yet.. not trying to ruin the album aha but 5 stars anyways
You gave it 5 stars but u didnt even listen? + HaHa your name has dick in it.
cole that nigga
Dope. Missy still got it
how can u download this
jcole is soft
It dont mean im buying this garbage album
Wow 5 the boy got some fire in him suprizing the other tracks i heard been garbage
Agree 100%
lol... this might just be the first time i've ever looked on the comments of a HHDX page, and there wasnt any haters!! well done people, ya'll finally smartening up COLE...wait for it................. WORLD
this fucking nice i like the beginning how it just starts off like that damn its fucking nice
...this has that 90's Timbo vibes to it ..I like
Great collabo, another verse would've made this song that much better, 5/5
dumb ass swirly face ass nigga
lmao....so many stupid niggas on this planet its funny, you said it would be that much better with another verse, but you stil gave it a perfect 5/5....dumbass nigga
Damn hot shit
This beat is tight as hell.
cool track. visit www.soldoutseatz.net
i like what they did with this seen missy name and was like no but track is cool luv that hook
this track should be on the radio
one of my favorite tracks off the album, downloaded it but buying it for sure 9/27...missy & cole great chemistry right here
This shit is tight & ready for the radio. Cole is putting out some proper shit. Oh, ain't Missy gay as hell?? Why say shit that's opposite of your sexual persuasion when you've outed yourself? How she gonna talk like she want dick when she's a candy-licker? Nice collabo though!
Hot hook by Missy. Beat is nice but the flow is jus so-so with only 2 verses on top of it... Looks like I'm gonna be disappointed in this project as a whole. I think my expectations were a lil to high
Call me a Cole "dick rider" but what other dude you know that can spit AND produce on his level? The only thing that's left is to convert it to album sales, and I'm buying multiple copies because why not endorse a man carrying hip hops torch in the right direction.
wowowowowowow, every rapper that tried producing?....... DOUBT home boy, so many bunk ass rappers try making beats. and other mans, KRIT dont need to release an album to know that he's fucking dirty with his. Lyrically and production wise
Ill give you Ye and Eminem, KRIT hasn't release and album. Use your ears man, Cole writes and produces fire.
KRIT, 'Ye, eminem, pretty much every other rapper that has ever tried producing. What makes you think Cole is even a good producer? this one's decent but almost all of his bland beats are wack
THAT BOY SIMBA CRAZY!!!!!! Pickin up 10 copies of this for the homies! Really don't care about any other rappers right now to be honest... Have any of ya'll seen this dude live? Too ill.
Cole World nigga 3 below zero!! Support Real niggas or shut the fuck up..you aint a hostage faggot nigga...keep it movin..
lmao word!
Whaaaaat? Tight beat. Sept. 27th. Gonna be a COLE WOLRD!
Love it. Sick beat. Stupid flow. Missy always on it.
THIS SONGS CRAZY. i love it
the leaks. oh the leaks. another one http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzNglU5ZUM0
Delivery of first verse is fantastic.
Cole World > Section 80. Why? How? Kendrick is great at rapping, but cannot make songs like Mr. Nice Watch, In The Morning, and Can't Get Enough. Cole's ability to make a wider range of songs is why Cole's album is better. Cole has the ability to make mainstream songs that are clever, catchy and lyrical. Kendrick and Cole both have deep shit. That's all Kendrick has right now though. Cole has more range.
both Cole and Kendrick are my favorite rappers but any song on Section.80 > the songs you just mentioned. Have you ever thought that maybe Kendrick doesn't want to make a mainstream song? J. Cole > Kendrick Lamar but Section.80 > Cole World
This album is going to be solid.
love it
cole bought missy back wit heat
Cole World!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Shit makes me so happy, LOL! COuld this maybe be the start of the return of HipHop? This shit has more quality lyrical content then the averageHipHop album that has come out. With all this "punchline" rap this seems to have substance. And thats what ima saying about my man Cole, dude has SUBSTANCE! Ppl saying he is boring, he aint got charisma....nigga aint no fucking Clown, this aint the circus, this is HipHop!!!! I'm so glad that all of you be bumpin this dude, support his album sales tho!! If you gonna download it cool...but this nigga needs to go to the top! If the fans can put they money where their mouths are when it comes to asking for "real HipHop", then we gotta support those artists who deliver, and my man is DELIVERING! Missy was nice on the track....reminds me of that Aaliyah sound!!! 5 stars!
amazing! wonderful track! outstanding! applause for cole and missy
One of my favorite tracks off of Cole World c:
good music ryt here..as hip hop was intended to be....En to all those deording the album of the classic status..too early..am sure u won't say the same thing 5 years on..cole word.!!!
had to peep at it couldn't wait i'm not upset mr. nice watch actually works on the album flow i saw the tracklist and was like ehh but it actually works pretty well even that damn song with drake that was pushin it though
Easily one of the best tracks on the album along with Lost Ones, Rise & Shine and Breakdown.
One of my least fav trcks .... but the album as a whole is a Classic from start to finish with maybe 3 wack ass songs but the rest.... cray.......
no song on the album is whack. No song. All of em bumping.
ahh this shit is so good. just downloaded the album its amazing I will actually purchase. cole world>
yikes,disshit CRAZY
I think this Album might blow tha carter iv and wtc out the water. can't wait.
Lyrically and musically carter 4 cant wash this album socks my nigga
this shit aint bad i didnt know what this shit was gonna sound like the first 20 sec
I hate how people dislike a song but can never articulate why they are not impressed. You can not critique the art if you can not express what is wrong with it...counter-productive.
The rating is absolutely to low...oh what is happening to my culture.
We don't believe you, you need more people.
Hahaha...a grammatical error does not define my educational acquistions...hence why my last name ends in Esq. and PhD...now how about that education?!
Maybe it's because we aren't properly educated on grammar and the uses of too, to, and two. That's just my two cents though
I laughed so hard at that last line. Thats also a quality you need from what i would deem a classic. Humor.
cole world
It sucks Nader4Prez like your mama on my penis!
the word classic shouldn't be coming out of anyone's mouth. too early to tell, fuck heads. hip hop fans are ridiculous. there are NO classic albums yet this year. wait till 2016 to decide which 2011 albums are classic.
Thank you so much for that comment.
thank you sooo much! we've all been wondering what the formula was for being allowed to deem something a classic
Haters keep UP the Great Work. Yall Make sure Cole World Stay on people's minds. Mr. Cole must be doing the right thing if he's gettin more haters. He ain't got as many haters as wayne but he'll catch up!!!
dem drums slap hard
educated response
Album wasnt classic but was def better than average.
I think Cole peaked on Friday Night Lights but the few songs like this saved Cole World from being a commercial piece of garbage. Go back to making mixtapes for ur fans Cole.
more bland raps j.cole man you ok but you borderline wack son get another name read a book get inspired your flow sound like 100 other lame rappers out right now start over push the reset button
@anonymous yeah i like the live version of gods gift, i still like the warm up more than anything hes realeased because it had emotion on every track his new flow is almost too laid back, it works on songs like how high but not all.
I agree that he doesnt talk with enough emotion. For example. Crooked I speaks with strong emotion which grasps the listener. But cole is just bored talking. Listen to Gods Gift in concert then the one on the album. He's talking with no emotion on Gods gift but in concert he's rapping with emotion. THe beat to Gods Gift requires strong emotion
Who else really sounds like Cole ?
How many of you made that face like you smelling something foul when the beat dropped here, and for pretty much the entire first verse?
What's up HipHopDX, I know this my shit's been suckin' lately but thanks for all the support. Nice to know you guys will rate me 5 stars even the song blows just cause it has my name on it. I know I'm really monotone and all I do is talk about bitches and hoes all day but y'all fools still got my back huh. I'm so lucky to be signed to Hov's label cause I suck DICK compared to every rapper nowadays. See y'all soon, Cole
Everything said was false. #SMDH
let me guess your a wayne fan... faggot
faggot hater
man ur a fag
love the sample...one of my curtis mayfield chill tracks...song is cool
definitely buying this album
Album is classic and it will go platinum.
Not bad. Not great either. Average. As I said he is. I hope he does well and has some cool success. But still. He's average. He's simply ok. Nothing extreme and nothing great about him. This isn't timeless music. It's not wack. But it's not great either.
finally someone who understands and isn't all over his dick
...Coleeeee mannnnn why you sonning them on the productions man ...this beat next level 808
Hot it speak 4 itself can't beat em join em shoutout 2 missy always bringing hear A game sideline story dope crack not first week but will reach platinum plack
This is tight I not downloading or anything I coping this. I'm fayetteville native man. big up I'm happy for him.
definitely buying the album
Cole Worlds going to drop a milli. leggo
a MILLI? You stupid fuck
And Nick Cannon isn't Mariah Carey's Bitch...
smooth. Lovin this vibe
cole world fyre my boy this song mr nice watch fyre too what cha talking bout no listen a$$ nicca
nigga speak english
the album as whole could have reached classic status minus a cupple songs but its most deff the best album out right now
not as dope as yall make it out to be....but its nice the 808 drum knocks!!...but .cole fans need to take a honest listen and im a cole fan myself its just okay
I took an honest listen and the track is fire one of my favorites on the album. The album is a almost classic.
wow just sick
I'll listen to it when it drops, should be dope got no problems buying the album. unlike a lot of ya'll cheap asses.
how u hate ths?beat hard.its a diff sound frm cole.i lik it .4/5*s
hahaha this here is my jammmmmm..if you really wanna love this song play it on blast ..that oriental sound is crazzyyy ..Cole world Sept 27th..Nuff said
..hahaha this here is my jammmmmm..if you really wanna love this song play it on blast ..that oriental sound is crazzyyy ..Cole world Sept 27th..Nuff said
album is great, a couple of below average songs (nice watch and cole world) but other than that j cole came thru, this song - straight fire!!!
cole world is below average???
I like J.Cole but damn, his dickriders are fucking retarded and annoying. Shut the fuck up. Shit. Oh yeah, this shit is corny. 2 stars. Only for M. Elliot. Step your bars up Cole.
i just finished listening to ColeWorld Sideline Story and its a classic with out a doubt album of the year as well (Dollar & a Dream 3 the best song off the album )
I like this, its good. Still buying the album on the 27th fuck all the hate!
Most of you people weren't going to buy the album anyway because you spent all your fucking money on LIl Wayne's garbage. Plus you never support "real-hip hop" publically. To you its only real if nobody gives a fuck about it. Its only real if the rapper is dead broke and can never get a song on the radio. Its only real if the person doesn't like or associate with Jay Z, 50 cent,or any singers at all . To you its only 'real' till the album drop.
album not gna be a classic. forsure at least one of his album is gna be- he has the talent. Its his first album, and its hard to make yur first albuma classic material
i wouldnt be suprised if he does make a classic in the future, but most of the time its the 1st album from tha artist that is classic, illmatic, reasonable doubt, 36 chambers, ready to die etc just like movies, the 1st ones normally always the best, but for j. cole, i think he will just get better, cole world: the sideline story is a verry sik album, not a classic tho, still nice
WACK. You supporters keep telling yourselves that we're just "haters" and "jealous". You fags would cop anything from this dude even if it was him just fartin for 3 minutes.
by the way, i secretly admire soulja boy. I have all his albums, posters on the wall, and a soulja boy lunch box. I have dreams about when he says supaman that hoe that he wrote that about me, fred. And i will merk all u niggaz, bddddap.
you a fag nigga
open ya ears HATER! j cole can spit. period, thats not arguable.
shut up nigga
I'm a big fan of J Cole, been following him since I heard the Come Up. I keep hearing people saying Cole World is a Classic. Come on man, let's be serious. I just finished listening to ILLMATIC which is hands down one the the GOAT Classics. From what I've heard of Cole World thus far, I cant see this album being as Timeless as an album like ILLMATIC. Don't get me wrong its gonna have some dope joints but Classic???? I just don't think so. This song right here is not gonna be timeless and neither are the 3 or 4 others that I've heard. I'm feeling it right now, but what about in 2021?
SMFH. Damn son, you are slow. What a shame that's what society has to look forward too. Did you even read the context of my message? Do you even know what that means? Stay in school or go back to school. Were you even born yet when illmatic came out?
Lol im sorry u just got done listenin to illmatic? U need to stop lookin for cole and go back thru hiphop first..
I didnt expect Cole & Missy to make a track like this lol But its dope nonetheless! I fux with this. Its a shame they leaked his album tho'.
The Beat Is 2 Dope
J.cole Is A Classic Real Talk
Hiphop needs to continue bringing new artists to the forefront. You only hear the hunger of a new artist who sacrificed their everything to get into the game from a new artists who sacrificed everything to get into the game. [This Track?]-I'm SO glad to hear Cole give the hook to another artists. Missy brings this from being a cool song to potentially a major hit. Well done.
Straight fire
This is def a sick ass record. This shit so smooth. You HipHop fans dont knwo what the fuck yall want. The problem is hiphop is not balanced dontt ake away the artist of today just make the game more evened out. This shit is def dope and his album is sick def a great ass debut.
Stop hating godamn this shit is so dopeee, so refreshing and bangs
Got that rite
Cole did too much songs on his mixtapes that should have been on the album...As an HipHop Artist, i understand that we should ensure to manage our repertoire and give our best when its expected most. Not too impress with the Singles, I think even Dream would have fit in more then work out;it was kinda intricate and would have been nice in video!!Still gonna download the album,sorry not my fault am in Africa ain't no Best Buy or Walmart out here lool!!
its crazy how much hate people have for people in hip hop. I think half of the hate is just because these motherfuckers cant reach at the level of notoriety J.Cole has. This track is fire! I mean nowadays when will y'all motherfuckers be satisfied? I mean dayum let the album drop! Lil Wayne is lacking substance but went heavy commercially. J.Cole and BIG KRIT and Yelawolf are trying to get that commercial feel but try to retain their artistry. It's some hard shit because the purists are like y'all are not being real and then the dumb pop people are feelin like it's not simple enough! Just sit the fuck down and listen!
How do people take this guy serious. I swear this dude talks about ho's and bitches just as much as the average rapper if not more. I haven't heard one song from this cat when he's not talking about fucking or taking someone elses bitch. Or just females or bitches in general. Every song!!!! if this dude is the future for hip hop then hahah we are screwed. Even lil wayne can get through a few songs without addressing bitches or his game with them
Exactly man co-sign this shit
Each and everyone of your favorite rappers talks about hoes and bitches. Quit frontin' like you only listen to political philosophy you moron and recognize real shit when you hear it.
listen to "see world" listen to "cant cry" listen to "show me something", "roll call" "cheer up" those are just a few that dont even mention him getting "bitches".
You must not have heard alot of songs by J.Cole then
Shits gonna be a classic to those who know hip-hop!
top 10 j. cole track...fact (no order) grown simba rise and shine sideline story relaxation dollar and a dream 3 the autograph before im gone return of simba see world heartache
MY top 10 Cole tracks, No Order. - Cant Cry - Premeditated Murder - School Daze - Losing My Balance - Hold It Down - Unabomber - Farewell - Lost Ones - Dreams - Lights Please
verrry sik track, but the 10 in my list are MY favourite, i understand why some niggas would put world is empty in that list tho, sik track....hook lets it down slightly for me....still love that track
seriously, how you gonna leave out World is Empty... easily the best song off Warm Up
both sik tracks, but if i put them in my list it would be a top 12, i dont think either of them tracks should be in his top 10 list of best tracks...even tho they r sick
unbomber blow up u missing a couple my nigga
I see the haters are doing their jobs today.
no i aint a fan of retarded rappers like lil wayne nd shit..but thisss..... is mediocre compared to nas, mos def, black thought, lupe, blu, jay electronica. Shit album was wack
fuk off with lupe gettin mentioned all the time, hes made 1 sik album. LUPE FIASCO IS NOT EVEN TOP 10 (he is stil sik, but hes so overhyped) lasers LMAO rise and shine.....
This SHIT IS WACK real talk
agree, done nothing to see here ppl. Cant wait for my boy Andre 3000 to put a music tired of all this clowns smh..
I feel you but you can't compare Cole to 3000. Stacks been in the game for over a decade, this is Cole's first album
ha pick any Andre 3000 songs > cole world proof http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJYklA-ZvIc u thank me later that i brought to you some good music your ears was desperate for
yup agree to the fullest. dude got mad hype but nothing special..shit dude's hype was even bigger than Nas's pre illmatic album lol thats sad world we live in 2day. album was aight at best
1st off i aint fronting on anyone's success, but yea heard the leaked version of the album, J Cole did not impress me at all.. Sure he had couple of cool songs, but no way are they lyrical or even memorable as to classics like Food & Liquor by Lupe and Below The Heavens by Blu & Exile. Cole word if i had to rated would be 3.5/5
damn i can't stop playin this song. wish missy had gone in tho. oh well, Cole World No Kleenex!
This shit is fire.
his flow reminds me of drake and the topic about college and fashion and shit all sound lyk THANK ME LATER. the album great though, could have done with a couple more features...im mean cole a chorus sucks..he has his moments but he sucks.i did download the album...AND I AM STILL GONNA BUY IT..no harm done
cole world. buy the album please. Let him outsell hov
That's just not going to happen, as much as some of us might want it to.
heard the leak and Cole got damn near a classic album. College Dropout by Kanye is considered a classic but it has a couple weak songs (New Work Out Plan and Slow Jams)...Work Out and In The Morning are better than those two and they're the weakest off Cole's album
cole worldddddddddddd
Cole's THAT dude right now. Kendrick is dope and all but Cole is more of a complete MC.....sorry but just because Kendrick isn't as well known and makes all deep songs doesn't mean he's better. Kendrick can't make a Can't Get Enough or In The Morning type track. Cole's time to shine now.
Cole is dope and all, but Kendrick is a better artist and makes better songs than Cole.
"Kendrick can't make a Can't Get Enough or In The Morning type track. Cole's time to shine now" You make it sound like it's a bad thing. If Kendrick's only weakness is being unable to put out pop radio filler, then that's a weakness I wish all rappers had.
this track is cold!!! missy killed the hook!!! cole did a good job but he coulda flowed way better. him and missy make fire. this shit is way better than mr. nice watch. this, heavy and neverland are the worse cole tracks.
Damn bro!! I wish I could trade lives with Cole. HAA!! This is a great tune. Missy putting her stamp on it took it to the next level. Good to hear her working on shit again.
all you cole stand saying this album is classic are dick ridings hoes. go listen to the warmup. you'll hear half the ablum on his mixtapes
perfect song off a perfect album ....jay shoulda jumped on that god's gift....do ya trust me....whaaatttt
Instant classic album!gotta go cop me 3 albums to support the nigga Cole!
Nobody's Perfect but fuck J nearly is solid album it's a Cole new world!
Well I mean if yall gon sit hear and leak songs... I guess I'll help! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4t6sTR1YJuI
ok dx.. last one! no more leaking!
lmao wtf are the sands of time? Hilarious
Nigga this shit had me rolling son..lol.."sands of time"..
dollar and a dream 3 sideline story nobodys perfect never told rise and shine (best track on the lp) gods gift breakdown these are easily the best tracks on the album, even the ones i herd b4 it got leaked are sik, like lights please, cant get enough and lost ones are sik i think this is the best album of the year, along with legendary weapons, but cole world: the sideline story is NOT a classic, still.....a very nice album cant stop listening to rise and shine and sideline story, biiig tracks....... mr nice watch is the worst track on the lp which im happy with
I predict some people absolutely bodying this beat on some mixtapes in the future.
this album has some really aweful tracks, and some really great ones. a classic is something that stands the sands of time, so were gonna have to wait to see how this goes, but ill tell you i love this album
lmaoooo "stands the sands of time" ...
No awful tracks an lots of awesome ones
Waitin for Timbaland an Missy's albums
Fire!! cole world fire!!!! tho i can hear alot of kanye in him!! Album of the year!! Cole world 4.5 WTT 4.5 section 80 4.3 Goblin 4.0 Red 4.0 Carter 4 2.5
Shit is ill. Fuck yall haters. Always hating on the real shit, but support that bullshit
solid. could have done without Missy though.
Album leaked and available on hip-hoproom.com/j-cole-cole-world-the-sideline-story-itunes-bonus-tracks/ Enjoy!
5/5 grew on me.
imma buy 2 copies. dope album.
Cole better do better than Wale numbers...this dude is quality
Agree. 4 million people bought EM, and i know my black ass didnt. i will buy 2 copies of cole though , 1 for da whip 1 for da crib
Fuccin Leaks Man!!!
hmmm,. this man hasnt got less than a 4 for ratings,, i beleive in cole and he got the ladies behind him cause you dudes dont buy albums,. or support black artists,. u see how white people support marshall mathers, but you all sit here judging this brothers work,. smh.
And...hypocrite much, you are doing the same thing in reverse. Stop whining and just enjoy the music
shut the fuck up
more radio style songs ... great.
when did the fuck did Missy start singing ? nigga im lost ... not bad though 2.5/5
#coleworld heard the album leak ( still gonna buy come the 27th ) and i give it a 4.5/5
dope record but not no 5 yall need to get off dis mans dick cause if he got big n start selling all the haters will start to come out than smh
NIce song, but album will flop. Never questioned his ability, but I just xcan't see this dude selling more than 100k week.
LOL @ Calling J Cole the next Nas...like that's a bad thing.
Soooooooooooooo true he aint sellin he the next nas type of rapper even though nas use to sell bac in the late 90's early 2000's the only thing that can boots j. cole career and im sorry but is if he got into a beef.
FIRE!! COLE WORLD THE MOTHAFUCKEN SIDELINE STORY SEP. 27th FUCK THE LEAKS.. REAL REFRESHING TO HEAR MISSY AGAIN..
This is tight. Don't post the album leaks though. We fans want to hear it as a whole so don't do it cause obviously we'll listen to it if ya'll post it. Don't post any more joints.
Speak for yourself. I don't care if the whole thing leaks, I'm still going to buy it.
This shit is dope!
hate leaks but hopefully its more promotion for him but doubt it. still buying it
this shit cranks!
Damn, as soon as those drums kick in... 5/5 bitches. Dope collabo between Cole & Missy.
this tune is nice. but the album sounds so average imo.
This is good as vintage cole as far as im concerned
he gone downhill since friday nite lites
this is hot..
Wasn't sure how I was going to feel about it, but I definitely liked it.
reaaaal nice vibe/bounce to it
J Cole the future!!
Song 4/5 album is ok deff thought it would of been better...nice though
downloaded the album, im still going to buy it. Best album of the year by far
no, no you havent.
Told you faggots not to judge the album off of that Jay-Z joint. 5*
Now this is great music!!!
Cole World.
funny how people judged this track before hearing it just based on missy. lol
yall might as well post the whole album. I know hiphopdx got it all ready since it leaked last night and all yall gonna do is post a new song each day until the album come out
this is better, cole world
cole world!
5...nuff said


text:
Sooners crown three Big 12 wrestling champions, finish third
NORMAN — Jarrod Patterson didn't stop training even when he beat top-seeded Andrew Long by a decision in the finals of the Big 12 Wrestling Tournament Saturday night at McCasland Field House.
Patterson was among three tournament champions for the Sooners who finished third in the team race with 64 points. Kyle Terry won his second straight championship at 149 pounds. Shane Vernon won at 157 pounds in a decision, capping off a big day for the Sooners, who finished last a year ago. After bear hugs from head coach Jack Spates and assistant coach Sammie Henson, Patterson sprinted into the Sooners' training room for a few laps. What happened moments before was something neither Spates nor Patterson could have guessed just over three months ago when the true freshman was pulled out of redshirt for Bedlam. Patterson won that night in what was the biggest match of his life. At least until Saturday night when he took Long down with just over one minute remaining to secure the win. Patterson beat OSU's Chris Notte in his semifinals match in a one-point decision. "I came in knowing I'd have two tough matches," Patterson said. "They're going to be like that for the rest of the year.


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Theatre 150 musical this weekend draws from local talent
Singing grandparents' praises
What: Original musical revue "Nanas and the Papas Ain't What They Used to Be."
When: 8 p.m. Friday and Saturday and 4 p.m. Sunday.
Where: Theater 150, 316 E. Matilija St., Ojai.
Cost: Ticket price is $20, which includes a glass of wine before the performance, compliments of Casa Barranca Winery.
Information: 646-4300 or http://theater150.org.
With jazzy riffs and dulcet tones, some area grandparents are determined to shake up the standard idea of what aging is all about when they present the "Nanas and the Papas Ain't What They Used to Be."
The musical will be on stage this weekend at Theater 150 in Ojai. Showtimes are 8 p.m. Friday and Saturday and 4 p.m. on Sunday.
Its point is clear.
"It's a challenge to our ageist society," said Carol Kornhaber, producer and originator of the variety revue and also vice president of the Foundation for Grandparenting, an advocacy group. "So many people think you are over the hill at age 65. It's an important message to get out that we're still vital, engaged and involved, and still have talents."
Kornhaber enlisted the aid of some local professional musicians who are also grandparents, including Jim Calire, Alan Thornhill, Fern Barishman, Candace Delbo and Joan Rush, all under the direction of actress, performer and director Betsy Randle.
"I have been taking Betsy Randle's voice workshop, (and) have appeared in her showcases," Kornhaber said. "Some of the people I was singing with were older, around my age, and somehow I just got the idea it would be nice to do a musical revue with older people, especially because we're involved with the grandparents foundation."
When Kornhaber approached Randle with the idea, asking her to direct the project, Randle enthusiastically agreed.
"(The show) is really about the importance of relationship with grandparents and the impact they have on our lives," said Randle, perhaps best known as the mom on "Boy Meets World." "It's about how they're there for us and we bring that theme out a little bit."
Randle, who teaches voice workshops in the Ojai area, said she is excited about the caliber of people who will be performing such numbers as "All that Jazz" and "The White Cliffs of Dover," interspersed with personal snippets of their experiences as grandparents.
"Jimmy Calire does some terrific stuff in the area," Randle said of the pianist and sometimes saxophonist for the popular '70s rock group America.
"Candace sings all the time and Alan is a huge pro with a zillion CDs," she added.
"Maggie (Phelps) just happens to be a natural. Carol and Joan sang in their youth and set it aside for their families and are now coming back," Randle said of some of her other cast members, all of whom are also grandparents.
"Our grandparents come in different shapes and sizes, from Candace, who is in her 50s, to others who are almost in their 80s."
She said her challenge is to bring all of the various performers together in a way that will showcase their prodigious talents and still engage the audience.
"I'm extremely excited by this group and talent," Randle said. "For me, it's about bringing together a meaningful evening for audience."
During a rehearsal, Calire and Thornhill — an acclaimed local songwriter/guitarist/artist — jammed between songs as various production crewmembers ironed out the nuts and bolts of the production. The women, under the direction of Randle, worked out the choreography for their numbers, which will include an Andrews Sisters-style rendition of "Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy." The money raised from the show will go in part to the Foundation for Grandparenting, a volunteer, nonprofit corporation. Its mission is to "raise grandparent awareness about their own important identity and their critically needed roles for bettering the lives of their children, grandchildren and community."
Kornhaber has four grandchildren and recently became a great-grandmother. The rest of the cast members also are grandparents, although Randle is not.
"I'm not; I'm eagerly waiting," she said.
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PhotoEngineer, I would like to hear a little more on reduction sensitization. Any reducing agent that doesn't destroy the emulsion will do it? What are some common reducing agents used for this purpose? Also, how could we reduce fog on these plates?
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text: BABY BOOTCAMP (4) by Mallory Kane: Matt Soarez didn't come to town to get involved with the pretty and very pregnant Faith Scott. His undercover job with Corps Security and Investigations is to find out who's behind the death threats against Texas Governor Lila Lockhart and keep her safe. Faith is a complication he doesn't need, but can't seem to avoid. Faith doesn't want to fall for another drifter, like the one who left her, but Matt's a different breed of man. He's become her private knight in shining armor, saving her from her abusive ex and keeping her out of danger. Do Faith and Lila have something in common — like a man who wants them both dead? Kane takes a solid plot, very real protagonists and an ongoing mystery and stirs them together in a tasty mix.


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Peter Schultz
Peter Schultz

Jan. 13, 1977 To July 2, 2006

Peter Lee Schultz Jr., 29, of Port Orchard died July 2 from drowning.

He was born to Loni Tarr and Peter Schultz in Colorado Springs, Colo. He was raised in Steilacoom and was employed by Hanley Construction in Port Orchard.

He is survived by his parents in Steilacoom; his son, Jacob Schultz of Steilacoom; his brothers, Kenny and Jim; and his sisters, Nikki, Karen and MerriRose.

Memorial service: To be announced.
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