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County Library Capital Project Grant Program
Mandated by state law, County Library Capital Grants provide $5,000,000 annually for a grant program to assist in the funding of public library capital projects. Since the grant program was implemented in FY 2008, 20 library systems have received funding for 40 capital projects. The projects included renovations and expansions (to increase public service area or comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act) and new construction (planning, architectural and engineering, design, construction, and furnishings and equipment). As evidenced by the grant applications received, demand far exceeds funding, even at the full level mandated by statute, and there is strong evidence of local commitment by way of matching funds. This program addresses critical needs for libraries in communities across the State.
The "Enchanted Forest" children's area at the Westernport Branch of the Allegany County Library.
The "Enchanted Forest" children's area at the Westernport Branch of the Allegany County Library.
Allegany County Library- Westernport Branch
Funds from the County Library Capital Project Grant Program were used to renovate the interior of the Westernport branch. No significant improvements had been made to this facility since it was constructed in 1969. The renovation enhanced the library's ability to deliver services by making badly needed safety, lighting, and electrical upgrades as well as reconfiguring the floor plan, upgrading the furnishings, and modernizing the interior spaces. The branch was updated to support the library's role of delivering value added services such as access to
The Linthicum Branch of the Anne Arundel County Public Library
The Linthicum Branch of the Anne Arundel County Public Library
Anne Arundel County Public Library- Eastport/Annapolis, Edgewater, Linthicum, Riviera Beach Branches
Four branches required replacement fire safety systems to bring them up to current national Fire Protection Association code. Deficiencies included: pull stations that did not connect to the main fire system and did not alert the fire department when activated, limited number of smoke/heat detectors, lack of visual strobes to alert the hearing impaired, and phone lines that did not operate independently of other telecommunication lines. County Library Capital Grant Program funds were used to correct the deficiencies and brought the branches into compliance.
Storyville at the Rosedale Branch of the Baltimore County Pubic Library
Baltimore County Public Library-Rosedale Branch
With the creation of Storyville, an interactive early childhood learning center at the Rosedale Branch, parents have a resource to encourage them in their role as their children's first teacher. This model provides information and literacy materials and hands-on experiential learning opportunities for parents and caregivers as they play, read and learn with their children in a fun, interactive and literacy-rich environment. The activities in the early childhood center are designed to support the skills identified in the Maryland Model for School Readiness (MMSR), which promotes a consistent, statewide approach to enhancing school readiness.
The Edmondson Avenue Branch of the Enoch Pratt Free Library
Baltimore City, Enoch Pratt Free Library-Edmondson Avenue Branch
The 55 year-old Edmondson Avenue Branch required extensive renovation to address basic structural issues as well as physical improvements that affect service delivery. When renovations are complete, the County Library Capital Project Grant Program funding will increase access for all patrons including those with disabilities, provide greater space for public use of technology and allowed for the redesign of the children and teen areas thereby enhancing services to the underserved.
The Central Branch of the Caroline County Public Library
Caroline County Public Library planned, designed and built a teen center in the middle of the library space. This area is equipped with computers, large screen TV and is easily monitored since the walls are not solid but are wood beams.
The Westminister Branch of the Carroll County Public Library
The Westminister Branch of the Carroll County Public Library
Carroll County Public Library- Westminster Branch
The Carroll County Public Library Westminster Branch, a 27-year old building, received funds for a total renovation including layout, furnishings, and interior treatment. This busy 22,921 sq. ft. branch circulates nearly one million items per year, and serves as a community gathering place and computer access center. This photo shows the entrance to the children's area.
The Perryville Branch of the Cecil County Public Library
Cecil County Public Library- Perryville Branch
The new Perryville Branch Library, a 15,200 sq. ft. full service library, is the first newly constructed library-owned branch to be built in Cecil County in over 13 years. The County Library Capital Grant Program provided funds for three large flat screen display monitors and networked them for use at the library's entrance, in the cafe and in the teen area to promote programs, library services and specific materials. They communicate effectively with the public and provide a "greener" alternative to printed posters. In addition, the library installed three self-checkout units, two located in the adult area and one in the children's area. These equipment upgrades will enable Cecil County Public Library to serve the growth of the population due to BRAC (Base Realignment and Closure).
Charles County Public Library- Waldorf West Branch
Charles County Public Library welcomed the newest branch, Waldorf West, to their library community. After years of planning and designing, Waldorf West was opened on November 13, 2012
Harford County Public Library- Whiteford Branch
Renovation of the Whiteford Branch, in January 2010 the newly expanded, 13,278 square foot building was opened to delighted customers. The current building doubled in size from the original 1992 full-service building. Highlights of the expansion include a teen room with gaming system, interactive children's puppet and play area, a quiet study room, self-checkout stations, 24 public access computers, Wi-Fi, and a meeting room which has the capacity to seat 96. Adjacent to the library is a Harford County Parks and Recreation playground "tot lot" which is frequented by preschoolers and their families after the weekly story times.
Frederick County Public Libraries- Brunswick Branch
Frederick County's Brunswick Public Library is the first county-owned facility to be registered in the U.S. Green Building Councils Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, or LEED®, rating system. The new 15,000-square-foot building at 915 North Maple Avenue replaces the branchs former 2,500-square-foot home at that same location. An expanded collection of books and media, more public access computers, two quiet study rooms, and a public meeting room are among the librarys many features. The facility also features a children' s room, teen zone, adult reading room, and wireless internet connection throughout the facility.
Charles E. Miller Branch and Historical Center of the Howard County Library
Charles E. Miller Branch and Historical Center of the Howard County Library
Howard County Library-Charles E. Miller Branch and Historical Center. Opening day at the new Charles E. Miller Branch and Historical Center welcomed around 7,000 people on the first day. This 82,500 sq. ft. library/historical center is required to meet current needs in the Ellicott City service area.
Chestertown Branch of the Kent County Public Library
Kent County Public Library-Chestertown Branch
Using County Library Capital Grant Program funding, the library redesigned and replaced the entire exterior and interior roof structure which included the redesign of the roof and dormers, removal and replacement of existing roof with a new metal roof, new interior ceilings, insulation, new interior lighting, and a new guttering system. These upgrades ensure continued protection for the library collection furniture and equipment.
Gaithersburg Branch of the Montgomery County Public Library
Montgomery County Public Libraries-Gaithersburg Branch and Silver Spring Branch
To better serve the demographically and ethnically diverse residents and growing business community of Montgomery County, the County Library Capital Grant Program provided funding for a redesign for the Gaithersburg Branch. The Gaithersburg Branch is the busiest in the county with a circulation of about one million items and about 700,000 visits. Renovation of the Gaithersburg library occurred 20 years after the original library was opened to the public.
The Children's Area of the Spauldings Branch of the Prince George's County Memorial Library
Prince George's County Memorial Library-Spauldings Branch- Capital Grant funds were used to transform the children's area of the Spauldings library. Customers can enjoy the delightful and welcoming atmosphere. The colorful barn lights up the wall and children can access a special area through a child sized door.
The Proposed Crisfield Branch of the Somerset County Library
Somerset County Library- Crisfield Branch
A January 2007 facilities assessment identified the construction of a new 15,000 sq. ft. full service branch in Crisfield by 2010 as a high priority. County Library Capital Grant Program funds will be used to plan the development of a building program with assistance from a library building consultant. The existing branch library is located in a residential neighborhood and has served the community since 1930.
Talbot County Free Library - Main Branch, Easton
Renovations for the Talbot County Free Library, Easton Branch were completed in 2012. A special children's garden has been created just outside the library doors. Residents from Talbot County can enjoy free internet access and other exciting changes.
Renovations for the Talbot County Free Library, Easton Branch were completed in 2012. A special children's garden has been created just outside the library doors. Residents from Talbot County can enjoy free internet access and other exciting changes.
The Boonsboro Branch of the Washington County Free Library
Washington County Free Library-Boonsboro Branch
The new state of the art Boonsboro Free Library, a branch of the Washington County Free Library sits on a rise near Shafer Park and features a panoramic view of the mountains, park, and community. Opening April 14, 2008, with an enlarged collection of books and media, the library became a major community asset for Boonsboro families to use and enjoy. Around 250 people attended the opening day ceremonies, viewing the computer lab with 10 computers for public use, the quiet study room, teen space, and a beautiful new children's department along with a community room that offers a dedicated area for special programs, lectures, performances, and book talks. The County Library Capital Grant Program funds provided construction funds to cover the gap in allotted funding and furnishings for the new library.
The Main Branch of the Wicomico Public Library
Wicomico Public Library- Main Branch
This project will replace operating components for the single elevator at the Salisbury Library. The current elevator uses operating components that are no longer available for replacement. This single elevator provides the only access to the service areas of the library for anyone in a wheel chair, pushing a stroller, or unable to climb stairs. This project will provide the public access to the main floor and public meeting areas of the Wicomico Public Library main library facility.
Worcester County Library-Ocean City Library
Worcester County constructed a new branch library in Ocean City to replace the existing 5,000 sq. ft. facility that served the community for more than forty years. During the summer months, Ocean City is the second largest city in Maryland, generating state and local revenue through tourism dollars. The County Library Capital Grant Program funds provided furnishings for the new facility, enhancing library services and creating a welcoming atmosphere for visitors and locals alike.
(410) 767-0444


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Payment requirements & fees
Onsite visits for service have a minimum charge of 1 billable hour. Remote services involving diagnosis or repair of the client's device have a minimum charge of .5 billable hours. Residential service are payable upon completion. Services rendered for businesses are payable by invoice which AVC Technical Services will generate within one week of completion of requested work. Payment is expected within 15 days of receipt of invoice. An additional late penalty of 5% of the invoiced amount will be added if payment has not been received within 30 days. Payments that have not been received within 90 days will be submitted to a collection service. Clients requesting hardware purchases of $1000 or more may require a payment of half the total invoiced amount at procurement with the remaining due upon delivery.
Abandoned Products
Repaired computer systems that have been paid for are available for pick-up for 45 days after completion at the AVC Technical Services office. After 45 days the client will be charged a $40 storage fee. Systems that remain at AVC's offices for longer than 60 days will be considered abandoned and become property of AVC Technical Services.
Software & Remote Support
AVC Technical Services may install software on your computer that it deems necessary to repair your issue. For software installations, AVC Technical Services may accept End User License Agreements on your behalf. AVC Technical Services may also use tools that allow remote access to your mobile device or computer.
Data Backup
AVC Technical Services will not backup any data on your product unless specifically requested to do so. Data backup will be billed at the agreed upon rate unless otherwise included in your services working agreement.
Privacy Policy
The information and data handled by AVC Technical Services will considered private and will not be shared or sold to any outside party. AVC Technical Services may use technology that allows for remote diagnosis and repair of client computer systems.
Limitation of Remedy
To the extent permitted by law, you agree that AVC Technical Services's liability for damages related to its services is limited to the total amount you pay for the services, and you release AVC Technical Services from liability for any indirect, incidental, special or consequential damages. AVC Technical Services is not liable for loss, alteration or corruption of any data or loss of any media from your product.
In no event shall AVC Technical Services or their respective officers, directors, employees, representatives, agents, contractors or suppliers be liable for special, incidental, consequential, punitive, indirect, or other special damages, including but not limited to, loss of data, use, or profits, however caused, whether for breach of contract, negligence, or otherwise, and whether or not AVC Technical Services has been advised of the possibility of any such damages.
Revisions to these terms and conditions.
AVC Technical Services may revise these terms and conditions at any time by updating our website at http://www.yourradioplace.com/terms. All revisions to these terms and conditions are effective for transactions after the update. You agree that if any part of these terms and conditions are found to be unenforceable, the remainder of these terms and conditions will remain in full force and effect.
These are the active working terms and conditions of AVC Technical Services as of August 15, 2013.

subset: commoncrawl


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Your youngster is guaranteed a bright future having been raised in a Texas household. Before you know it, your fledgling Longhorn will have surpassed you in all things athletic. Until then, your young one can stay conditioned and ready for action in comfort with the 2Fer Dri-FIT Performance tee from Nike. Featuring Nike's Dri-FIT technology, this T-shirt wicks sweat away from the body and keeps your young Texas fan in ultimate comfort during rough training sessions. The 2Fer tee features screen printed team graphics on the front and a double-layered collar and sleeves. Start nourishing that Longhorns pride now to ensure a lifetime of success!
- Material: 100% Polyester
- Dri-FIT ® technology wicks away moisture
- Ultra-lightweight performance tee
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- Brand: Nike
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Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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Another weather system is forecast to move into the region on Monday bringing with it chances of snow for much of the area. A slight chance of a rain/snow mix exists for Sunday night (primarily after midnight). A rain/snow mix is then possible for Monday turning to all snow by the evening. Light snow accumulations are anticipated. These conditions could lead to hazardous travel conditions on New Years Eve. If you have any travel plans on Sunday night and/or New Years Eve night, please use extra caution to ensure safe travels.
High temperatures today are expected around 30 degrees. Saturday should top out near 40, Sunday at 42, and Monday and Tuesday both see highs in the low 30s. Tonight is forecast to be rather chilly again dipping down to around 10. Saturday and Monday night lows are anticipated around 20 while Sunday night lows could be around a balmy 30 degrees!
Since we do live in Kansas, we can't forget the winds! Today, a blustery north northwest wind of 13 to 20 mph gusting to near 30 mph is expected. Tonight northwest winds will lay to around 8 to 10 mph and west northwest winds of 6 to 8 mph are possible on Saturday. By Saturday night winds will become south southwest at 6 to 9 mph. Enjoy the light breeze while you can as Sunday winds pick up once again. Southerly winds of 10 to 15 mph will increase to 19 to 24 mph and could gust over 30 mph before settling back down on Sunday night.
Location, ST | website.com


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TierraCast Antique Pewter Slotted D Ring Link
Your looks will be lit up with the TierraCast antique pewter slotted D ring link. This structural yet versatile link features a simple D shape that can work in a variety of designs. On the straight edge of the shape, a long open slot is available for adding multiple strands of jewelry or stringing material. These links would work well with leather and other wide stringing materials. Add
jump rings
to the slot to attach this piece to multi-strand projects. This link features a deep silver shade with lovely luster.
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TierraCast Antique Pewter Slotted D Ring Link
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Recycled Percussion (Event Cancelled)Tue, November 19, 2013 - 7:00 PMThe Quad in Las Vegas, NV
We are sorry, the date for this event has already passed. This event took place on 11/19/2013. Click here to view upcoming events for Recycled Percussion.
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Have a question? Need help? Call us at 800.477.5285


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Cowboy business opens in Temecula
Vail Ranch gets to work after being saved from demolition
Shelli DeRobertis 2 p.m., July 30
Photo by Chris Woo
Posted July 11, 2012
Shelli DeRobertis 2 p.m., July 30
Various Authors 1 p.m., July 30
Dave Rice 11:35 a.m., July 30
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Ian Anderson 6 p.m., July 29
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News Releases
COLUMBIA, Mo. - Columbia College is pleased to announce that the college has been selected to participate in the Coast Guard Degree Pathways Program, which is designed to incorporate competency-based learning, such as military training and experience, into accelerated degree programs.
"We are honored to partner with the Coast Guard," said Mike Lederle, assistant dean for Military and Federal Programs at Columbia College. "As an institution, we pride ourselves on providing a quality education tailored to meet the unique needs of servicemembers and to be in such a select group of institutions nationwide is very gratifying."
Coast Guard service members in the ratings of operations specialist, storekeeper or yeoman can gain up to 27 hours toward a bachelor's degree at Columbia College, based on the military credit earned.
More than 25 percent of Columbia College students either are servicemembers, veterans or their dependents. Additional details about the Coast Guard Degree Pathways program, including course equivalencies, can be found here: http://web.ccis.edu/en/Offices/Evaluations/Military/CoastGuard/CGCDP.aspx.
Founded in 1851 in Columbia, Mo., Columbia College has been helping students advance their lives through higher education for more than 160 years. As a private, nonprofit, liberal arts and sciences institution, the college takes pride in its small classes, experienced faculty and quality educational programs. With more than 30 campuses across the country, 18 of which are on military installations, students may enroll in day, evening or online classes. The college is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and is a member of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. Columbia College educates more than 31,000 students each year and has more than 74,000 alumni worldwide. For more information, visit www.ccis.edu.


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... And while we're at it, in addition to avoiding soft drinks made with HFCS, avoid those made with artificial sweeteners too.
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MSDE Maryland Public School Standards for Telecommunications Distribution Systems: Infrastructure Design for Voice, Video, and Data Communications, issued January 1999 and revised in 2002.
This 107 page document establishes minimum standards for the design and implementation of premises and campus telecommunications distribution systems including pathways and spaces, work area requirements, entrance facilities, horizontal and backbone cabling, outlets, connecting hardware, LAN electronics, quality assurance, system documentation, and electrical power requirements. The document includes a glossary and references. These standards apply to all new public school construction and major renovation projects. Application of the standards to projects of smaller scope is addressed.
Information about obtaining copies is available from the MSDE School Facilities Branch at 410-767-0098 or firstname.lastname@example.com Public School Standards forTelecommunications Distribution Systems 1998 - Revised 2002 4MB


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GreatSchools has profiles for more than 1800 public, public charter, and private schools in West Virginia. As you search for schools that fit your family, you'll find information on academic performance, extracurricular programs, school culture, and more.
Our mission is to help millions of parents get a great education for their kids. GreatSchools.org is an independent nonprofit and the leading national source of school information for families.
GreatSchools.org 1999 Harrison Street, Suite 1100, Oakland, CA 94612
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|Tai Chi Class
Event Type: Library Programs & Classes
Date: 9/17/2013
Start Time: 6:30 PM
End Time: 7:30 PM
Tai Chi movements offer a valuable tool to learn how to let go of the stress most of us have "dumped" in our bodies. This low impact form of movement has been shown to promote relaxation, relieve tension and enhance the mind/body connection, while improving balance, coordination, posture, flexibility and muscle tone. Our focus will be the short form of Sun Style Tai Chi and Qigong. Qigong is an ancient healing art which focuses on renewing and balancing the body's natural flow of internal energy through movement and breath. Tai Chi is a form of Qigong. Each class will include basic instruction as we move to gentle background music.Map and Directions to the Brentwood Library
Location: Call Library for Children's Story Time Room
Other Information:
Class Fee $5Presenter: Jani Kendy
Status: Closed


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This wonderful soft roving British yarn is a designer's dream.
Colourspun is a lovely wool and mohair blended yarn which is sublime to knit. Each shade is produced by blending two printed and two solid colours together and then twisted with a printed binder.
The perfect blend of lambswool and kid mohair creates a lovely soft yarn which is worked into a beautiful colour palette.
Rowan Mohair Haze is a premium versatile yarn that suits many projects. It's wonderfully soft and fluffy feel is both warm and light to wear. The colour palette is sophisticated soft pastels mixed together with highlights of jewelled brights. Mohair Haze can also be used for all Rowan patterns using Angora Haze however for every 1 ball of Angora Haze you will need approximately 1.5 balls of Mohair Haze.


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| Morel, F., Axens, Princeton, New Jersey; Duddy, J., Axens, Princeton, New Jersey; Wisdom, L., Axens, Princeton, New Jersey
The debate continues over adding a new delayed coker vs. a residue hydrocracker upstream of an existing delayed coker.
[delayed coking]
As crude oil and product prices continue to climb, there are
economic incentives for refineries to increase the total
distillate yield with increased selectivity toward diesel fuel.
The debate continues over the pros and cons of simply adding a
new delayed coker vs. a residue hydrocracker upstream of an
existing delayed coker to improve overall liquid yield. The
following commercial examples will explore both sides on how to
find more distillates from every barrel of oil processed.
The US has the greatest concentration of delayed cokers in
the world. Of the 130 refineries processing 17.8 million bpd
(MMbpd) of crude oil, 60 of these refineries use delayed coking (DC) to destroy vacuum
residue (VR) and to increase the yield of distillates for
further processing into transportation fuels.
The first delayed coker came online in 1929 at the Standard
Oil of Indiana refinery located in Whiting, Indiana. At that time, crude oil was
selling for $1.27/bbl in current dollars. Since then, the refining industry has gone through
various economic cycles. The most recent cycle started in 2000
with a consistent rise in the price of crude oil, which is
about $100/bbl for WTI. In addition, two major shifts have
occurred in the energy market; natural gas prices started
declining in 2008 due to new discoveries, and the
gasoline-to-diesel margin reversed in 2005 with diesel priced
higher than gasoline. As a result of these changes, a study was
conducted to explore how these shifts would influence a
refiners decision on adding more crude capacity via a
refinery expansion.
In 2010, the US had 60 delayed cokers as compared to 11 in
Europe, 4 in the Middle East and 27
in Asia-Pacific. In the US market, delayed coking was the
preferred choice for destroying the VR from medium and heavy
crude oil. Of the 60 delayed coking units in the US, 55% in
terms of capacity are located in PADD 3 (US Gulf Coast) and 13%
are located in the PADD 2 market (US Midwest). The vast
majority of these delayed coking units (DCUs) were installed
when crude oil was below $20/bbl. In the last 10 years, Brent
and WTI prices have risen at an unprecedented rate.
Historically, refineries have added incremental DC capacity
as part of refinery expansions because it was considered to be
low-investment, well-known and economically attractive option.
But, with the new changes in market prices and the increase in
residue hydrocracking worldwide, is DC still the best option
for a US-based refinery?
The following case history investigates an existing
100,000-bpsd refinery processing 100% Arabian Heavy crude.
Expansion studies were conducted using both Arabian Heavy crude
and Athabasca bitumen, with properties as listed in
Table 1.
Fig. 2 is the front-end section of a
typical refinery configuration; it uses a delayed coker to
process the entire VR. Straight-run (SR) and delayed coker
distillates are processed into naphtha, diesel and fluid
catalytic cracking (FCC) feed pretreat hydrotreaters.
Steam-methane reforming (SMR) is used to generate hydrogen.
Fig. 1. Delayed coker at
Husky Energys
upgrader at Lloydmininster, Saskatchewan,
Fig. 2. Base case of
100,000-bpsd existing
Two expansion configurations were investigated for this case
study. The first case (Case 1) adds an additional 100,000 bpsd
of Arabian Heavy crude and duplicates the existing 27,200-bpsd
delayed coker. The expansion brings the total crude throughput
to 200,000 bpsd. The battery limits are shown in Fig.
2; it includes the associated offsite and utilities.
It does not include the FCC unit or the post-FCC
The second case (Case 2) adds a 54,400-bpsd residue
hydrocracker upstream of the existing delayed coker, which
remains unchanged, as shown in Fig. 3. In this
configuration, the residual hydrocracking unit is a
single-train plant with a single reactor operating at 60%
conversion of 975°F+ residue to distillates. A second
variation of Case 2 (Case 2A) was also investigated with a
variation in which the conversion level is increased to 70% and
the crude throughput is increased to 300,000 bpsd to fill the
existing DCU.
Fig. 3. Case 2 of the
100,000-bpsd refinery with
residue hydrocracker and expanded DCU.
To handle the increased feedrate and reactor severity for
Case 2A, two reactors, in series with inter-stage separation
was required for this single-train plant. With the higher
conversion level in the residue hydrocracker, the total Arabian
Heavy crude capacity was increased to 300,000 bpsd, and the
existing DCU is still capable of processing the entire
unconverted VR.
The final case (Case 3) examines the effect of switching
from Arabian Heavy Crude to Athabasca bitumen (DilBit). This is
a variation of Case 2 (see Fig. 3) with the
addition of a residue hydrocracker ahead of the existing DCU.
Due to the high VR content in the crude, the crude rate to the
refinery is only increased from 100,000 bpsd to 150,000 bpsd.
In all cases, the product streamsnaphtha, diesel and
vacuum gasoil (VGO)are treated to the same level of
product quality.
For this updated study, pricing data from the US Energy
Information Agency (EIA) for the US as a whole and also for the
PADD 2 (Midwest) and PADD 3 (Gulf Coast) were examined. The US
prices for Brent, WTI and industrial natural gas for the last
10 years are shown in Fig. 4. Brent and WTI
have tracked fairly close to each other, except for the last
couple of years. The prices for DilBit (Athabasca bitumen) can
be calculated from Western Canadian Select (WCS) synthetic
crude, which is traded in Chicago, Illinois. There is a weak
correlation between Brent and WCS prices except when the
natural gas condensate (diluent) is removed from the WCS. To
calculate the actual price of the bitumen, the cost of natural
gas condensate is removed from the DilBit resulting in an
average net price for the Athabasca bitumen at $68/bbl when
Brent crude is valued at $100/bbl. This bitumen price is the
same price as Hardisty heavy bitumen (12°API) at
$68.35/bbl, quoted in January 2012.
Fig. 4. Crude oil and
natural gas prices: June
2000 to June 2012.
Brent crude is used as benchmark crude for this study to
determine gasoline and diesel margins based on historical
trends. Natural gas prices increased from 2002 to 2005 due to a
large demand and supply shortage, as shown in Fig.
4. However, in 2006, the production of additional
natural gas entered the market with tight shale gas formations;
this started a downward trend in natural gas prices. At
present, the average US industrial natural gas price is in the
range of $4 to $5 per thousand standard cubic feet (scf), or
roughly $30/bbl of oil equivalent (boe) basis.
The gasoline-to-Brent price spread (gasoline price minus
Brent crude price) is shown in Fig. 5. It
reflects a general increase in gasoline margins from 2000 to
2007 and then a steady decrease thereafter. Importation of
gasoline from Europe and the increase in ethanol blending into the US
gasoline pool are decreasing domestic demand for this fuel. For
the last three years, PADD 2 prices have been higher than the
average US prices while PADD 3 prices have been lower than the
national average. The diesel-to-gasoline margin over the same
period is shown in Fig. 6. For this study, a
price spread of $9/bbl is assumed for gasoline to Brent crude,
which equates to $109/bbl for gasoline when Brent crude is
valued at $100/bbl for the average US market. Slightly higher
prices could be used for projects in PADD 2, based on these
historical trends.
Fig. 5. Gasoline-to-Brent
price for US,
PADDs 2 and 3: 1992 to 2012.
Fig. 6. Diesel-to-gasoline
prices: 1992 to
The price of diesel fuel overcame the price of gasoline in
2005, and it has remained higher than gasoline for the last six
years. Consequently, there is more interest from refiners to
increase diesel production. This would imply an increase in
mild- and full-conversion hydrocracking in the future. Based on
the mentioned trends, an economic basis, as shown in
Table 2,
was determined.
A summary of the four expansion cases investigated is
described here:
Case 1: Add 100,000 bpsd of Arabian Heavy
crude to the existing refinery using DC as the residue
conversion unit.
Case 2: Add 100,000 bpsd of Arabian Heavy
crude and install a residue hydrocracker, operating at 60% VR
conversion ahead of the existing delayed coker.
Case 2A: Same as Case 2, with the residue
hydrocracker operating at 70% VR conversion and crude
throughput increasing to 200,000 bpsd.
Case 3: Add 50,000 bpsd to the existing
refinery and switch from Arabian Heavy crude to Athabasca
bitumen. In this case, a residue hydrocracker was installed
upstream of the existing DCU.
In all of the cases evaluated, the SR and cracked products
were hydrotreated to meet the product specifications, as shown
in Table 3.
The existing refinery crude capacity was doubled to 200,000
bpsd with Arabian Heavy crude. The total VR feedrate to the
delayed coker is 54,400 bpsd. The new coker is a duplicate of
the existing unit. The C5+ product yield
from the delayed coker is 66 vol%. This product is then blended
with the SR distillates and hydrotreated to meet the product
specifications, as listed in Table 3. The
overall liquid yield was 180,500 bpsd or 90.3 vol% on crude
throughput, which includes liquefued petroleum gas (LPG),
naphtha, diesel and VGO. The VGO is assumed to be routed to an
FCC unit, which has a post-hydrotreater and can meet Tier 3
gasoline specifications. Table 4 summarizes
the breakdown of the product yields.
As in Case 1, the overall refinery throughput is doubled to
200,000 bpsd and all of the VR (54,400 bpsd) is routed to a
single-train, single-reactor residue hydrocracking unit
operating at 60% VR conversion. The unconverted residue (21,922
bpsd) is sent to the existing DCU with a nameplate capacity of
27,200 bpsd. The overall yields from the residue hydrocracker,
the downstream delayed coker and hydrotreaters are listed in
Table 4. All of the SR, residue hydrocracker
and coker distillates are hydrotreated to meet the product
quality specifications, as shown in Table 3.
The overall liquid yield was 192,600 bpsd or 96.3 vol % on
crude throughput including LPG, naphtha, diesel and VGO, which
is routed to an FCC unit.
This case is very similar to the commercial residue
hydrocracker/DCU at Husky Energys Lloydminster Upgrader
in Saskatchewan, Canada (Fig. 7). The feed to
this residue hydrocracker is about 34,000 bpsd of a blend Cold
Lake/Lloydminster heavy residue, and it operates around 60%
conversion. The entire unconverted residue from the residue
hydrocracking unit is routed to a DCU to produce fuel-grade
coke for export.
Fig. 7. Husky Energys
residue hydrocracking
unit in Lloydmininster,
In this case, the residue hydrocracking unit conversion
level is increased from 60% to 70%. The number of reactors is
increased to two in series with inter-stage separation, but
they still operate in a single train. The larger reactor volume
is required due to the greater feedrate and reactor severity.
With the higher conversion level, the refinery throughput can be increased
to 300,000 bpsd, which results in a feedrate of 81,655 bpsd to
the residue hydrocracking unit; the unconverted bottoms (24,503
bpsd) are routed to the existing DCU. The yields for this case
are shown in Table 4 for the residue
hydrocracker and DCU. As before, all of the distillate SR and
residue hydrocracked/delayed coker products are hydrotreated.
The overall liquid yield is 292,300 bpsd or 97.4 vol% on crude
In this case, the crude type is switched from Arabian Heavy
to a Canadian DilBit based on Athabasca bitumen. The feedrate
to the refinery is expanded to only 150,000 bpsd of Athabasca
bitumen (excluding the diluent, which is recovered and returned
to Canada). The total feed-rate to the diluent recovery unit is
216,900 bpsd, and it contains about 31 vol% of diluent. The
relatively small increase in throughput is due to the high
content of VR in the feed (58.6 vol% vs. 31.9 vol% for Arabian
Heavy). The feedrate to the residue hydrocracking unit is
83,754 bpsd, and the feedrate to the delayed coker is 27,221
bpsd. In this case, the residue hydrocracking unit is a single
train with two reactors in series with interstage separation
and operates at 68% conversion.
A summary of the cases processing Arabian Heavy crude is
shown in Table 4. The most severe design
conditions were associated with the cases processing the
greatest percentage of cracked stocks and the highly aromatic
bitumen feedstock. Catalyst cycle lengths
were set at 30 months. The product naphtha is routed to a
catalytic reforming or isomerization unit, diesel to the
ultra-low-sulfur diesel (ULSD) pool and VGO to the FCC/post
treater for meeting Tier 3 gasoline specifications.
In residue hydrocracking, many of the coke precursors are
hydrogenated, which results in higher liquid yield and reduced
coke production. In addition, hydrogen consumption in the
liquid product increases the API gravity, which, in turn, leads
to greater volume swell and increased yield of transportation
As expected, the total liquid yield is a function of the
residue conversion level and the amount of hydrogen consumed in
the liquid product, as shown in Table 4. Case
2 shows a 6 vol% increase in liquid yield from Case 1, which is
about 4.2 MM bbl/yr of additional product (LPG, naphtha, diesel
and VGO). By increasing the residue hydrocracker conversion
from 60 vol% to 70 vol%, the total yield increases by 6.6 vol%
over Case 1, which adds an additional production of 4.6 million
bbl/yr of liquid product. The additional production translates
into additional net revenue (product revenue less feedstock
cost and operating cost), as shown in Fig. 8.
The Case 1 expansion adds an additional $77 million/yr, while
Cases 2 and 2A add more than $500 million net revenue/yr. In
contrast with the higher liquid yield, the coke production is
reduced by more than 50%. Coke produced in Cases 1 and 2 are
3,114 metric tpd and 1,431 metric tpd, respectively, indicating
that 54 wt% of the coke precursors were converted in the
residue hydrocracker. When the residue hydrocracker conversion
is raised to 70%, the conversion of coke precursors is
increased to 63 wt%, reducing the amount of coke even further.
Accordingly, Case 2A can process more feed without major
modifications to the existing DCU.
Fig. 8. Product yield of
conversion unit vs.
incremental revenue.
Ebullated-bed residue hydrocrackers are more selective to
middle-distillate production than other conversion
technologies. With the margin between diesel and gasoline
expecting to increase, the selectivity becomes more important
to the refiner desiring to maximize the economic returns on projects. One measure of this
selectivity is the ratio of diesel-to-gasoline production. As
shown in Fig. 9, the selectivity of the
conversion unit increases from the DC scheme (Case 1) of 1.5
bbl of diesel to 1 bbl of gasoline production to the residue
hydrocracker/DCU (Case 2at 60% conversion) and reaches
the highest value 2.2 bbl of diesel to 1 bbl of gasoline for
the residue hydrocracker/DCU (Case 2Aat 70% conversion).
For a 200,000-bpsd refinery, the diesel production would
increase from 64,400 bpsd (Case 1) to 70,500 bpsd (Case 2A).
The incremental increase of 6,000 bpsd translates into an
annual revenue increase of $234 million for the refinery.
Fig. 9. Diesel/gasoline
selectivity for Cases 1,
2 and 2A.
As shown in Table 4, the total hydrogen
consumption for the expansion increases by 78% from Case 1 to
Case 2A. This results in a total volume swell increase of 6.6
vol% on crude, which equates to an additional product of 13,200
bpsd for a 200,000-bpsd refinery. As mentioned previously, the
base price of industrial natural gas used for this study is
$5/thousand scf, which is about $30/bbl (boe basis). With
gasoline and diesel selling for $109/bbl and $114/bbl, hydrogen
consumption provides the refinery with an impressive uplift of
$79/bbl to gasoline (i.e., $30/bbl H2 boe to
$109/bbl for gasoline) and $84/bbl uplift for diesel
The major results of this case are shown in Table
4. Processing Athabasca bitumen or other heavy
Canadian crudes will provide economic advantages that include
upgrading a cheaper feedstock with low-cost hydrogen to
high °API transportation fuels.
Relative to Case 2A, Case 3 provides the highest total
liquid yield on crude of 101.5% of total liquid product vs.
96.9% for Case 2A. This is due to the lower API gravity of the
crude and upgrading to about the same API gravity of the
products. This case also represents the highest production of
diesel and VGO per barrel of crude for any of the cases
For all of the cases, diesel production could increase
further by adding a VGO hydrocracker during the expansion as
compared to adding additional cat feed hydrotreating (CFHT)
capacity upstream of the FCC unit. This would also improve the
overall refinery diesel/gasoline ratio.
For the economic analysis, the same basis from Table
2 will be used. The investment cost for the expansion
cases was only for new units and associated offsites and
utilities whereas, the revenues and operating expenses were for
the entire refinery.
Offsites and utilities were taken as a percentage of the
total installed cost for the process units. Fig.
10 shows the investment cost breakdown for each of the
investigated cases. The investment cost per barrel of crude for
the new units varied from $14,800/bpsd to $22,400/bpsd with the
delayed coker expansion at the lowest overall investment. For
the expansion cases, the investment cost included new crude and
vacuum units; conversion unit (delayed coker or residue
hydrocracking unit); naphtha, diesel and VGO hydrotreaters, SMR
hydrogen plant, sulfur plant, gas recovery section, amine regeneration;
sour-water stripping; and corresponding offsites plus
Fig. 10. Investment costs
for various expansion
plans: Cases 1, 2, 2A and 3.
The total operating cost, including fixed and variable
operating costs, varied from $3.15/bbl of crude in Case 1 to
$4.42/bbl for Case 2. Case 3, processing Athabasca bitumen, was
the highest with a cost of $7.98/bbl. The top two operating
costs for the residue hydrocracking unit/DCU cases (Cases 2, 2A
and 3) were natural gas plus catalyst and chemicals vs. natural
gas and electricity for the delayed coker case (Case 1).
The total net annual revenues (product revenue less crude
cost and total operating cost) varied from $169 million for the
delayed coker expansion (Case 1) to $932 million for the
residue hydrocracking/DCU expansion (Case 2A) based on an
Arabian Heavy crude price of $92.48/bbl. The product prices
were $109/bbl for gasoline and $114/bbl for diesel.
As shown in Fig. 11, the addition of a
residue hydrocracker upstream of a delayed coker is more
profitable when Brent crude price exceeds $55/bbl. As light oil
prices continue to climb, the IRR for the delayed coker
expansion case falls to zero when Brent crude reaches $115/bbl.
This is due to the low conversion (i.e., low product liquid
yield) and high crude costs. This analysis assumes a constant
$/bbl discount to Arabian Heavy crude and a constant $/bbl
differential between the price of gasoline and diesel to the
price of Brent crude. History tells us that variations will
occur in both light- and heavy-crude price differentials as
well as price fluctuations in the finished product prices of
gasoline and diesel. For this reason, several sensitivity
studies were conducted.
Fig. 11. IRR vs. Brent
During a sensitivity study, a number of questions were asked
including, What happens if the diesel-to-gasoline spread
continues to widen? In all cases, the IRR climbs sharply
by 6 to 7 percentage points for every $5/bbl the margin of
diesel/gasoline increases. In the US Energy Information website
forecast, the margins are expected to keep climbing for the
short term.
Whats the impact in processing Athabasca bitumen from
Canada relative to Arabian Heavy? The IRR doubles from 24% in
Case 2 to over 50% in Case 3. This is mainly due to the
attractive price of Canadian bitumen ($68.85/bbl) vs. the price
for Arabian Heavy ($92.48/bbl). The differential of $23.63/bbl
for feedstock cost provides a
significant incentive for all cases processing Athabasca
During a review of product prices in the US market, it was
noted that higher margins for diesel fuel in PADD 2 (Midwest
market) were $2/bbl to $3/bbl. The price variations in the
diesel/gasoline spread varied between $5/bbl to +$17/bbl with a
general increase occurring over the past five years. As shown
in Fig. 12, an increase in the price of ULSD
fuel vs. gasoline provides a tremendous uplift in the IRR for
the project.
Fig. 12. IRR vs.
diesel-to-gasoline spread.
A project located in the Midwest would see the IRR increased
by 4 to 6 percentage points, depending upon which expansion case is selected. The same
general trend is evident when the gasoline-to-Brent crude price
is increased.
Residue hydrocracking based on ebullated-bed technology is a mature technology,
with 17 operating plants processing more than 650,000 bpsd of
VR in North America, Europe, Middle East and
Asia-Pacific. The reliability of the advanced
ebullated-bed technology has improved over the last 44 years
since the startup of the first plant for KNPCs Shuaiba Refinery in Kuwait.1 Over
the past 10 years of operation, the average availability of six
commercial advanced ebullated-bed units was 96% (Fig.
13).1 This high level of reliability is the
direct result of nearly 200-unit years of operating experience,
automation of operations, pro-active reliability teams, improvements in
the understanding of the chemistry of asphaltene conversion and
stability through R&D, and ongoing improvements in critical
equipment, components and process instrumentation. The plot
shown in Fig. 13 reflects unit availability
for six operating commercial advanced ebullated-bed
units.1 Availability is defined as the actual
onstream time less planned turnarounds (typically occur once
every three to six years) and outages due to external factors
(i.e., hurricanes on the Gulf
Coast). HP
Fig. 13. Onstream times for
advanced ebullated-bed hydrocrackers in
Jim Colyar, a senior technology
consultant, performed the revised internal study for which this
article is based. The authors wish to acknowledge his work and
contribution to heavy-oil upgrading.
1 The process is
Axens ebullated-bed technology.
Duddy, J., L. Wisdom, S. Kressmann,
and T. Gauthier, Understanding and Optimization of
Residue Conversion in H-Oil, Oct. 20, 2004.
Ellis, P. J. and C. A. Paul, Delayed coking, AIChE 1998 Spring
National Meeting, New Orleans, March 812, 1998.
Largeteau, D., J. Ross, M. Laborde and L. Wisdom, The
Challenges & Opportunities of 10 wppm Sulfur
Gasoline, 2011 NPRA Annual Meeting, San Antonio, March
McQuitty, B., Status of the Bi-Provincial Upgrader: H-Oil
Operation and Performance, IFP Seminar in Lyon, France
September 1997.
US Energy Information Agency, 2012 Annual U.S. Crude Oil
First Purchase Price.
Wisdom, L., E. Peer. and P. Bonnifay, Cleaner fuels shift
refineries to increased resid hydroprocessing, Parts 1
and 2, Oil and Gas Journal, Feb. 9, 1998.
Frédéric Morel is an
expert director adviser for Axens marketing, technology and tech services
department. He was formerly the manager of Axens
hydroprocessing and conversion technical services group
and the product line manager of VGO, resid and coal
conversion. Mr. Morel has over 30 years of experience
in oil refining, having worked
previously with IFPs Lyon Development Center as a
research engineer, a project leader of
distillates and residues hydroprocessing, and the
manager of the development department. Mr. Morel holds
a degree in chemical engineering from Ecole
Supérieure de Chimie Industrielle de Lyon and a
graduate degree from Institut dAdministration des
All comments are subject to editorial review.
All fields are compulsory.
Hans D. Linhardt, Dr.-Ing., P.E.
A great piece of work. However, gasification instead of coking was not considered as a reference case. In addition, the diesel demand assumptions do not match with the forthcoming replacement of diesel with LNG by heavy diesel trucks. Shell, ConocoPhillips and private enterprises are actively pursuing this very attractive avenue in light of our 100 years of ample reserves in shale gas.
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Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
Is 2016 the peak for US gasoline demand?
Too soon to tell
July 2016


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03/14/2011 11:30 am
One of my graduate students recently asked me about Spinning classes as part of spring training for her squash team. Basically, she wanted to know if our facility would be able to do this as she thought it would be a great way for her teammates to get in some cardiovascular exercise that was a bit ?different? from their normal training regimen. In fact, our facility does do this. We often get inquiries from different sports teams to offer Spinning classes for specific teams, and I myself have taught one before for the women?s rugby team. Teaching it was a lot of fun given I knew these were athletes with a competitive edge to them; I wasn?t going to be teaching a class that might have someone who pedals and never breaks a sweat?I could ?up the ante? so to speak. I am wondering if any of the folks out here have done such classes?ones that are specifically geared to a particular sports team and how you went about designing the class profile. And, I was also curious if people had thoughts on which types of sports might require more profile-focus on intervals, sprints, hills, etc. Thoughts? -JuneShare


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News Releases
Columbia College's Family Day and Homecoming will feature an array of events for current students, staff, faculty, alumni, community members and their families.
Friday, October 15
6:30 p.m., Athletic Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony and Dinner, Banquet Room, Dulany Hall,
7 p.m., Alumni Baseball Reunion Social, Class of 1980 Reunion Social, Stoney Creek Inn, 2601 S. Providence Rd.,
9 p.m. - midnight, Annual Fall Formal - A Night to Remember, Tiger Hotel, 23 S. 8th St.
Saturday, October 16
8:30 a.m. Check-in, 9 a.m. Start, 5K Run/Walk for Rainbow House, Cosmo Park, Bear Creek Trail
9 a.m., 10 a.m., Men's Basketball Scrimmage, Women's Basketball Scrimmage, The Arena of Southwell Complex
10 a.m., Alpha Chi Induction Ceremony, Dorsey Chapel, Dorsey Hall 2nd floor
11 a.m. - 3 p.m., Family Activities and Games, Brown Hall South Lawn
11 a.m. and 1 p.m., Elysium Players Performance, Miller Hall Lawn
11:30 a.m. - 1 p.m., Lunch, Dulany Hall
11 a.m., Alumni Softball Game, Cougars Softball Field,
11 a.m. - 2 p.m., Clubs and Organizations Activities, Miller Hall Lawn
11:30 a.m. - 1:30 p.m., Live music - Norm Reubling Band, Dulany Hall Lawn
Noon, Alumni Volleyball Game, The Arena of Southwell Complex
1:30 - 3 p.m., The Gene and Fran Koepke Fitness Center Dedication and Open House, Southy Fitness Center
2 p.m., Jane Froman Singers Alumni Reunion & Concert, Atkins-Holman Student Commons Lawn
3 p.m., Cougar Soccer vs. Hannibal-LaGrange Trojans, R. Marvin Owens Soccer Field
4:30 p.m., Campus Life Student Leadership Reunion: 15 Years Revisited, Forge & Vine 119 S. 7th St.
6 p.m., 7 p.m., Alumni Women's Basketball Game, Alumni Men's Basketball Game, The Arena of Southwell Complex
8:30 p.m., Alumni & Cougar Club Reception, Shiloh Bar & Grill, 402 E. Broadway
For a complete list of events, please visit http://www.ccis.edu/campuslife/familyday/events.asp.
Columbia College, a private, nonprofit institution founded in 1851 in Columbia, Mo., educates more than 29,000 students each year and has more than 64,000 alumni worldwide. For more information, visit www.ccis.edu.


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Mizzou head coach Gary Pinkel visited Bristol, Conn., for a series of interviews around ESPN's campus, including a live spot on SportsCenter.
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Saturday, June 28, 2008
Well i think we finally got this blog thing worked out. (I hope) So I hope that you are enjoying the Bill Engvall Show we are about finished filming for this year. It has been a blast, I also wanted to tell you that my new movie will be out this summer on the USA network. It is called Bait Shop and it stars Billy Ray Cyrus and obviously me. It is another funny family movie. The DVD will be out on Labor Day in your favorite movie rental store. I was deeply saddened with the passing of George Carlin, he was a huge influence on me. He will be greatly missed, I still laugh whenever I hear the Hippy Dippy Weatherman. Well I hope that the gas prices dont have you to down and that you will be able to come see me live. Just check out the tour page and hopefully we can meet on the road. Take care
Bill Engvall
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Western Plains Medical Complex is making plans for their 13th annual Women's Day Out event.
"We're making some changes and doing things a little differently than we have in the past," Deb Goodwin, a co-chair of the event, said.
One of the changes is that the event will now be held on April 20, instead of the usual February date.
"We thought that pushing the date back would be a better time," Goodwin said. "And looking outside right now at all this snow, I know it was the right decision."
This year's theme will be "Do Good; Feel Better".
"It's all about paying it forward," Goodwin said. "About doing nice things for others and the good feeling that will give you. Of course, we think Dodge City is already really good about helping those in need, but it's always nice to remind them."
Speakers and guests at the event will speak on this theme throughout the afternoon.
More information will be provided as it becomes available as the hospital confirms and finalizes their plans. Individuals interested in attending the event will be able to call and make their reservations soon. Because the location of the event has been moved to the Cathedral, seating is limited to the first 200 participants. Lunch will be provided and the event should last for most of the afternoon.
Follow Julia on twitter @Julia_dcglobe
Location, ST | website.com


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Timothy C. Pendrell, former director of development for Coney Island USA in Brooklyn, N.Y., is scheduled to start duties as executive director of Nebraska City Tourism and Commerce on July 8.
Pendrell has been a member of the executive team organizing the Mermaid Parade in Coney Island. The parade, considered the largest in the world, is credited for drawing 750,000 people to Coney Island last year.
Tyler Avery, NCTC board president and member of the organization's selection team, said Pendrell's experience, education and background in south Omaha make him a great fit for Nebraska City's mission.
The Nebraska City Chamber of Commerce became NCTC under the leadership of Jim Johnston in 2008 and Avery said it grew in membership and events under Rebecca Turner.
Avery said he sees Pendrell taking an administrative role as NCTC continues to grow address the community's needs.
John R. Palmtag, deputy Otoe County attorney, studied at Oxford with Pendrell and asked for his assistance last year in an attempt to revive the Memorial Building with donor funds.
Palmtag said Pendrell mentioned an interest in Nebraska City and has been looking for an opportunity for the past couple of years to return to southeast Nebraska.
A graduate of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Pendrell earned his masters in urban planning from New York University and served an internship with the New York Department of Transportation.
Pendrell's recent work includes participation in a Hurricane Sandy relief granting organization, managing three spring fundraising galas and managing four Mermaid Parade Balls at the New York Aquarium.
Pendrell also worked with the transportation department in New York to evaluate pedestrian conditions and implement the city's bike share program and pedestrian safety plazas.
He was also a researcher for the Ford Foundation in New York and a project associate for Enterprise Community Investment in Cleveland, Ohio.
Pendrell, an aide in Mayor Don Wesely's office in Lincoln in 2001, was a former Omaha candidate for state senate in 2002 and worked on the Seng for Mayor campaign in Lincoln in 2003. He was an AmeriCorps Vista Habitat for Humanity volunteer in Omaha in 2009.
His international experience includes Nebraska at Oxford and Peking University in 2007, Vietnam Today Nationwide in 2006 and SANN Research Institute in Nepal in 2005.
In a letter to the NCTC search committee, Pendrell said he is responsible for tripling the size of the Coney Island USA membership program and was co-chair of its fundraising committee.
He said his background in urban planning fits the role to oversee Nebraska City's Main Street Program.
Location, ST | website.com


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While the thunder and lightning yesterday afternoon and evening may have wreaked a little havoc on some school ball games, the rain made a beautiful sound as it came down. If you're curious about the most recent rainfall amounts, the graphic below displays the National Weather Service's 24-hour precipitation totals as of 7:00 a.m. this morning. We weren't necessarily the hot spot, but we recorded some nice numbers.
For the moment, we're looking at dry, gorgeous conditions for the next few days. As we mark the season change this weekend and fall officially settles in, we can expect clear skies with daytime temps right around 80 degrees and overnight lows in the 50's. Time to open some windows up and let the fresh air flow in!
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Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Incorporated (1906)
Founded at Cornell University, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Incorporated is credited for being the first intercollegiate fraternity for Black males. Past members include Thurgood Marshall, Martin Luther King, Jr. and Jesse Owens.
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For Instructors Spinning
Got Massage?
04/30/2011 9:17 pm
If you are training and teaching multiple times a day, five to seven days a week, you definitely need to plan your recovery time. There is great benefit to doing recovery rides or lighter workouts to get your blood flowing and remove lactate from your system, but massage is another way to recover your body. Personally, I can't live without it. I plan a minimum of two massages per month. It isn't about pampering myself; it is about helping my body recover from the paces I put it through. If you are working in a gym facility, and there is a massage therapist employed on site, chances are you get a discount on massage. If gym employees get massages, then they are likely to assist bringing in more business by telling the members, so it benefits the facility and the massage therapist. Trading massage for training sessions, or any other service or skill you may have to offer is another great way to enjoy the benefits of massage without exchanging cash. At this point, you may be wondering exactly what the benefits of massage are? Massage releases muscle tension caused by stress, physical exercise and trauma like car accidents. It improves circulation, which in turn increases the activity of your lymphatic system to assist flushing toxins. Massage reduces muscle imbalances that are either genetic or environmental. It breaks up adhesions between fascia and muscle tissue so you feel more freedom of movement. Massage helps the body heal by bringing you to a calm place both physically and emotionally. Why does it cost $50-$80 per hour? So why does personal training cost $50-$80 per hour? The answer to both questions is the training/education and experience of the practitioner and the fact that he or she is completely focused on you for that one hour. However, just like trainers, not all massage therapists are alike. Often those just out of school are still figuring out that not all bodies are the same and therefore they do the routine they were taught in school, or what they feel most comfortable doing. It takes a few years in the field and feeling a few hundred bodies under one's hands to understand the nuances of muscle tissue and the history that is contained in it for each client. If you want to find a good therapist, ask around. Let people know you want someone who will be gentle with your five year old whip lash, or that you want someone who will show you no mercy and get those knots out no matter what. I encourage those of you willing to give it a try to sample several therapists and find someone with whom you feel comfortable and who treats you as an individual by focusing on the areas of your body that you personally are having issue. I also recommend only going back to a therapist who asks you how much pressure your want and adjusts to your acknowledgments, as well as someone who does not blab the whole time about his or her personal issues. Make sure the therapist follows protocol by keeping your body covered with a sheet with the exception of the area being worked. Lastly, if you schedule a massage, do so at the end of your training day and give yourself 12-24 hours before doing another hard workout. Deep massage can create micro tears in muscle, similar to weight training and therefore, the body needs recovery time. Drink extra water after a massage and avoid alcohol at least until the next day. Use the time to cleanse your system and avoid exciting situations, like going dancing afterwards. Allow yourself time not just to get the massage, but to enjoy the after affects of deep relaxation and a calm, quiet mood. Written by master instructor Sabrina Fairchild for community.spinning.com 04/30/2011Share


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While neither the Leavenworth nor Lansing boys' swim teams walked away with medals this weekend, both squads still represented their schools proudly on a statewide stage.
The two teams competed in the 5-1A state meet in Topeka, where the Lions began the event in record breaking fashion.
Lansing's 200 yard medley relay foursome — Matt Holden, Stephen Szmed, Dion DePaolis and Jack Bresser — finished in 21st place overall, and while doing so, set a new school record.
"It was a great start to the meet for us," Lansing coach Josh Floetke said.
Other Lion results included DePaolis securing 31st in the 100 fly, Holden grabbing 19th in the 500 free while Chase Martin was 30th, and Szmed coming in 29th during the 100 breast stroke.
Lansing's 400 yard free relay — Bresser, Jake Hecht, DePaolis and Szmed — came in 22nd place.
Leavenworth saw its 200 medley relay quartet of Clayton Gubler, Carson Owens, Duncan Robinnette and Josh Camarena pull in 30th place.
Ryan Hill came in 26th during the 100 breaststroke.
Location, ST | website.com


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As someone who helped trained NG troops bound for Iraq on conducting convoy operations, I wish I'd had that video as a good example of what not to do.When was that video shot? Just from the vehicles the contractors are using, I'm guessing very early, 2004 or so.
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