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Introduction To Power Steering Systems - Night SchoolWritten by on February 1, 2010 Power Steering Systems An Introduction To Classic Truck Steering Systems, Part 2
By 1951, many American vehicles required power steering. Gemmer's Hydraguide system, the first power steering system used on an American car, was Chrysler's answer to the massive front end weight created by the new hemi V-8. Other manufacturers quickly followed.
Two power steering designs emerged. Linkage assist steering and the integral power steering gear-each use a constant flow, positive displacement hydraulic pump. The pump, belt-driven by the engine, pressurizes and circulates power steering fluid.
Linkage assist steering consists of a hydraulic control valve attached to one end of the drag link or centerlink. The valve receives input signals from the steering wheel and steering gear. Left or right steering causes the valve to react, opening ports to move hydraulic fluid into a hydraulic ram. The ram attaches to the steering linkage. Fluid directed to one side of the ram's piston or the other determines which direction the power assist will apply.
The linkage assist system is the easiest to adapt. Some truck manufacturers made power assist kits available for dealer installation. The kits worked with the existing manual steer gear and included a drag link and control valve assembly, the hydraulic power ram, a power steering pump with brackets, and the pressure and return hoses.
Linkage power steering makes use of the manual steering gear. On a beam axle model, the control valve attaches to the drag link. The power cylinder's ram end attaches to the tie rod. An anchor bracket supports the cylinder end. For independent front suspension like the '60-66 GM trucks, the control valve attaches to the centerlink at the pitman arm end. Apply pressure is controlled by the valve settings and pump input pressure.
The significant downside to linkage power steering is its vulnerability to damage. The power ram and hoses are continually exposed to the elements, road obstacles and debris.
Integral Power Steering Gears
Modern light trucks use integral power steering. Integral power gears include the control valve, apply piston, and gear system. The assembly mounts to the frame at the same location as a manual steering gear. A pitman arm delivers power from the gear to the steering linkage in the same manner as a manual steering gear.
Light truck power steering came directly from automotive applications. The earliest integral automotive designs were contraptions, a complex melding of manual gear technology and power pistons. Fortunately, Gemmer's Hydraguide and Saginaw's offset applications never made the light truck option list. These designs were cumbersome, taxed horsepower and ate up engine bay space-undesirable traits for a ladder-frame truck.
GM's Saginaw Division eventually developed the most reliable, widely used integral power steering gear in the industry. Rotary valve steering first appeared in 1959 Cadillac, Pontiac, Buick, and Oldsmobile cars. By the late 1960s, all passenger cars and the Chevrolet and GMC light trucks used this gear. Saginaw's rotary valve gears found their way into Ford, Dodge, I-H, and Jeep trucks. Some features of the gear could also be seen in Ford's torsion bar and Chrysler's constant control integral power steering.
The predecessor to rotary valve integral power steering was Saginaw's inline design. Standard for Cadillac and optioned on Buick, Pontiac, and Oldsmobile passenger cars in 1956, the inline gear introduced several innovative features. Unlike the Saginaw offset design, the inline gear could be fitted within a tighter engine bay or into a light truck chassis.
While Chevrolet opted for less expensive linkage power steering on its '55-64 passenger cars and light truck models, GMC Division took a bold initiative that reflected its upscale image. Pontiac became GMC's V-8 engine source for '55-59 pickups. Since Pontiac cars used the inline gear, the GMC V-8s could be readily fitted with a power steering pump. Late '50s GMC 100-300 series models added inline power steering to the option list and became the first trucks to offer integral power steering.
Power Steering Service
Wear and fatigue points on linkage assist steering include the hoses, hydraulic ram cylinder, the control valve, and the power pump. Drivebelt adjustment and replacement are routine service requirements for any power steering system.
The manual steering gear on a linkage power steering system seldom wears. It receives far less load, since the linkage moves under hydraulic pressure. Minor adjustment might be necessary at higher mileage, but unless the hydraulic assist is defective, load wear should be minimal. Fluid levels for the pump and manual gear require periodic checks and topping off. Use gear lube in the manual steering gear and recommended ATF or power steering fluid in the power pump.
Saginaw's 700, 708, 800, and 808 integral gears are extremely rugged. Chrysler constant control and Ford torsion bar integral gears also hold up well. Weaker designs would be the Saginaw 605, which is prone to failure at higher mileage. Due to its compact size, the 605 has been a popular retrofit on street rods and some vintage trucks. The 605 integral-type steering gear does not match the stamina of larger rotary valve designs.
The 700- and 800-series gears have a 70mm piston bore. The 708 and 808 gears benefit from an 80mm bore. The 605 uses a 66.6mm piston, and it does not use a four-bolt cover plate at the adjuster end. Instead, the adjuster/cover plate is a thick cup washer retained by a snap ring. The 605 suits light-duty vehicles like the original S-trucks and some passenger cars. There is a contemporary Saginaw 600-series gear with a 70mm bore and the model 608 gear with an 80mm bore. The modern 600 series has stamina and even NASCAR applications to its credit.
The larger Saginaw rotary valve gears require little attention. The pump will likely fail long before a gear shows wear. Pitman/sector or worm bearing adjustment is seldom necessary between rebuilds. Slight backlash or worm play can be corrected if necessary. Significant worm play, over-center backlash, or any roughness indicate the need for rebuilding.
Hoses are a wear point. On integral systems, there is less movement of hoses, and they are protected within the engine bay. Linkage assist hoses spend a lifetime stretching and flexing as the ram and steering linkage move back and forth. Inspect hoses for nicks, abrasion, deterioration and oil damage. Pressure in the hydraulic system is high, and heat contributes to hose failure. If a fatigued hose sloughs rubber internally, the debris can damage sensitive valves within the power gear and pump.
Service Cautions
A power steering system is much like an automatic transmission. Passageways and valves are close-tolerance and subject to clogging and scoring. Prevent debris from entering the system. Use the recommended fluid. On an older truck that has set up for a long period, flush the system with fresh fluid.
When performing fluid checks or working on the power steering system, protect the pump, hoses and gear assembly from debris. Use the recommended fluid, often Type A or its modern Dexron/Mercon equivalent. If leaks develop at the steering gear or linkage, do not allow the system to run dry. Inspect the pump, hoses and gear seals for signs of seepage.
Rebuilding a pump, control valve, or integral power gear is a responsible job. Before attempting this work, consult the factory shop manual. Be certain you have the right tools and experience for performing work on the steering system.
Note: Steering and suspension are safety areas of your truck. Follow factory guidelines and shop procedures when working on your vehicle's steering system.
What Did You Learn This Month?
Night School would not be complete without a quiz! Don't worry about your test-taking skills or grades. This is an open-magazine, true or false test. Clues can be found within the Night School text, photos and captions. Have a good month!
True or False Questions:
1. Heavier engines and bigger car bodies made power steering a necessary option.
2. Saginaw's offset steering gears were compact and well-suited for light truck use.
3. GMC was the first American truck brand to use an integral power steering gear. The design was Saginaw's inline type.
4. Linkage-type power steering was easily adapted to beam axle trucks. Some manufacturers offered linkage assist power steering retrofit kits.
5. An integral power steering gear is easy to rebuild. You do not need special tools or a shop manual to restore a power steering gear.
6. The Saginaw inline gear was more compact than the offset design. Many advanced features of the inline carry over to the rotary valve gear.
7. All power steering pumps are the same, and all power steering systems operate at the same pressure. If you need a power steering pump, any one will do.
8. A Saginaw 605 gear is compact and easier to mount in tight-fitting applications. However, the 605 gear does not have the stamina of a Saginaw 808 model.
9. If there is a lot of steering wheel play and a rough feel in an integral power steering gear, an adjustment should fix it. There's no need to disassemble and inspect the unit.
10. During a rebuild, the Saginaw rotary valve gear requires worm bearing adjustment and an over-center rack-and-sector tooth mesh adjustment.
1 True, 2 False, 3 True, 4 True, 5 False, 6 True, 7 False, 8 True, 9 False, 10 True
More Photos From This Article View Slideshow
Originally staked in place, this ball nut screw was eventually welded by Saginaw for safety. Use a genuine Saginaw tapered screw and torque to specification. High-strength TIG welds will prevent the set screw from backing out. Weld crowns must be lower than the diameter of the piston head to prevent interference with the cylinder bore.This GM Saginaw pump was common to offset and inline era applications. Rugged design uses sliding vanes and an oblong pump ring to pressurize fluid. The fluid reservoir looks sturdy; however, the canister is stamped tin. When adjusting the belt on a GM vane pump of this type, do not pull on the reservoir tank. Its base will distort and leak.Uncomplicated, the vane pump has a slotted rotor, vane blades, and an oblong pump ring. A machined pressure plate (removed here) and flow control valve maintain a calibrated pressure and volume flow. Balance springs and a relief valve determine pressure constants. After charging the gear assembly, excess fluid circulates back to the reservoir.This is a Federal slipper-type pump, found mostly on Chrysler applications. Dodge and Plymouth trucks use this design with Chrysler's constant control integral power steering gear. Rebuild kits are available. Following a factory workshop manual, this job can be done at your home shop, using a regular set of tools.Thompson pumps have simple service and overhaul needs. After washing and careful inspection, this pump is rebuildable. At right is the rebuild kit, consisting of O-rings, seals and gaskets. These pumps are common on Ford cars and light trucks of the late '50s and '60s. Service parts are available through CLASSIC TRUCKS'advertisers.Ford/Thompson fluid reservoirs develop leaks at seams. Brazing is a permanent fix, restoring the strength and function of these stamped sheetmetal parts. Glass beading and a wash will remove the flux and prepare the brass areas for primer and paint. As parts age and become scarce, restoration is the reasonable alternative.Smaller, lighter-duty sector and teeth on this 605 gear shows wear. The gear design is for light-duty use, and in this case, the gearbox was overworked. If space allows and you want a rugged alternative, step up to the larger Saginaw applications. Some versions have variable ratio features. Choose the right lock-to-lock turns and overall ratio.Linkage-type power steering serves best in vehicles where the hose exposure is not an issue. The manufacturing advantages are the use of a common manual steering gear and lower cost. These systems were sometimes a dealer-installed option. Bendix was the principal supplier of systems like this Ford application.
Here, a higher mileage control valve comes apart for rebuilding. Rebuild kits are available. Follow factory steps and match parts carefully. Quality kits contain a new ball stud and stud sleeve, all seals, gaskets, and thrust washers.Sensitivity and centering are controlled by spring tension adjustment. Use care and cleanliness when assembling the control valve. Debris can damage the internal valves and seals. Follow the factory workshop manual for parts identification and torque settings. Use new seals and O-rings. Restore and install the valve correctly.During wheel alignments, the control valve is turned on the steering linkage threads to center the steering gear and wheel. Before removing the control valve for service, measure exposed threads. Installed properly, the valve will reposition the front wheels in their aligned position. Center the ball stud, tighten clamps, and check linkage for binding.


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This was another question from my son's workbook. It said:
Ever jumped into a pool on a warm day and still felt cold, even after measuring the
temperature of the water with a thermometer and finding that it is the same temperature as
the air? Would this be conduction, convection or radiation then?
Interesting question. When he asked me, I immediately thought of convection, as that is 'conduction' of fluids, right? But I wasn't too sure, and I asked some friends. Both conduction and convection came as answers.
Which one is it? Why?

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Mob destroys reputations
January 13, 2013
To the editor: In August 2012, the Jefferson County prosecuting attorney, working with detectives of the Steubenville Police Department and the Jefferson County sheriff, filed charges against two......
70,000+ voices have let it be known they don't trust you Mr. Bruzzese or Jane Hanlin, including 12 Steubenville School children. How does that feel as an official? As a human being? And still no sympathy for the victim/accuser. The world is watching.
0 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
What Bruzzese also fails to mention about his colleague and friend, Jane Hanlin, is that her ethics were questioned by her own community, publicly, multiple times, well before the "Rape Crew" became international news!
7 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
84 comments... sheesh! Lets get the party started again! 1) if done by the book, it would be in adult court, not juvenile court. 2) Hanlin KNOWS who her sons friends are, as soon as one was named, she should have bowed out immediately, not 2 weeks later. 3) McCafferty has not been the one in the limelight trying to backpedal from the allegations of corruption/coverup. Our esteemed sherif of notingham (steubenville) has been even thought he stated at first "not my jurisdiction" if it aint, stay the heck out of it or get your nose bloodied (metaphorically speaking). 5)The only people making this about Steubenville are the ones trying to defend it against phantom menaces. 6) Abdalla said the school threat was done by A LOCAL BOY. yet.. it is still anonymous getting the credit. wake up. 7) well I have no 7 but you was still readin eh? lol
7 Agrees | 0 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
I particularly liked the picture of the police chief in his thong. LOL
4 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
How about "RAPE CREW RUINS REPUTATIONS" eh eh? Doesn't that seem more fitting? And then there's the second alleged rape. The water seems to keep rising in good ol "Little Chicago" and the rats are scrambling for higher ground. So would you like to make a statement regarding the second alleged rape and why the three suspects have not been charged in the four months since the report was filed? You could write another letter to the editor and title it "stupid rape victims are spoiling our good names"
7 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
The disagreement is funnier yet>>>>>>>>>>>WAhahahahaha
Two comedians...LOL
1 Agrees | 2 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
wahahahahahahaha. This man is a comedian.
3 Agrees | 2 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Is this guy really a lawyer? Really?
6 Agrees | 0 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Many mysteries here, yet to be unveiled. Should be interesting if we do eventually get to the TRUTH.
9 Agrees | 0 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
....(2) ensuring that everything is done by the book. I've only dealt with the police dept once and that was when my house was robbed. The detectives were professional and helpful throughout the entire process. I too think it's absurd that people believe various public officials came together to "sweep this under the rug" when it is apparent the Prosecutor did her job by filing the charges and the police did their job by gathering the evidence so the charges could be filed. Some people are always going to have a problem with Steubenville whether they personally see evidence that everything was done by the book or not so there's no point in entertaining their rubbish. Once the case is over the case file should be available so they can pour over that and see for themselves law enforcement and the prosecutor did do the right thing.
3 Agrees | 3 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Responding to Villamagna, You are right some accusations whether founded or not are enough to ruin a person's reputation and that person should have a right to defend themselves and ask for proof of those accusations. It isn't necessarily fair to call someone posting anonymously a coward. Steubenville has a reputation and some residents genuinely fear publicly speaking out. I personally don't think they should be in fear of retaliation but they are. Steubenville has come a long way and most of the people in authority back then have been replaced so the key players aren't even the same but that fear is there for some people. I understand the frustration it seems people are picking Steubenville apart and labeling every inch of it as corrupt which I know is not the case. I've never heard anything bad about McCafferty until all the attention from this case and he came in on the heels of getting the consent decree lifted so he came in at an awkward time and has added stresses...(1)
6 Agrees | 0 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Mr. Bruzzese would do well for himself and the people of Steubenville if he refreshed his familiarity with the Ohio Bar Associations code of ethics as well as When Everyone is the Judge's Pal: Facebook Friendship law by D Smith and related articles Facebook-use in the legal profession presents a plethora of ethical issues ... Facebook friendship and the "appearance of impropriety" standard.
12 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Alex Hamilton: You raise some good points. However, notwithstanding economics of the Valley, it is time to demonstrate a strong committment to educational ethics and principles. Suspending all coaches and the football program for a season would do the most to prove to the world that which is REALLY important to the hardworking OV folk. To do less is to continue to worship at the altar of sport demigods and their nuckeleaded, souless leaders.
8 Agrees | 2 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Bruzzesse, you are worried, not for the outcome of the case but for how much will be exposed. From your office to Hanlin's office. It all needs to come under a microscope. If it wasn't for the outside publicity this case would have been swept under the rug as so many have been in the past. Its all about who you know and what they can do for you when your in a pinch. The police department was under investigation for years about corruption perhaps those investigations should have continued into other branches including the judicial system. Everything about this case and how it was handled by Hanlin stinks, she had weeks to step down but she didn't, perhaps it was to make sure certain pieces of evidence would never come to light. It all stinks and the smell isn't coming from the coke plants. There will be a day when all involved will be judged again I hope that you can stand before Him with a clear conscience.
9 Agrees | 3 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
@Beagle... Shutting down the football program for even one year is not an option in this community. The city and surrounding area is economically depressed and there are few extracurricular options for kids. For some kids, that football program is their only ticket out of here. In my opinion what is needed is a cleaning of house and the implementation of an athletic code of conduct. Playing football for Big Red is a privlidge and the students need to rise to the occasion. Coaches that are not good role models need to be let go. Lastly, the school administration needs to publicly acknowledge where they failed and teach these kids by example what the word "accountability" really means.
2 Agrees | 6 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
@maddie I do not quite understand your reasoning. Nobody is calling for shutting down everything because of the misdeeds of a few bad apples. People are calling for the expulsuon of the bad apples. And rape excusing and victim blaming coaches are bad apples, too. As are people who want to keep the bad apples in the mix. Using your church analogy: you basically advocate that the pedophile priest continues to work with kids and the bishop, who tried to cover it up, gets some estra cheers and pads on the back.
3 Agrees | 3 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
"All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing." -- Edmund Burke
You need to understand that what happened and the reaction to it is no longer a reflection on just you and Steubenville, it's become reflection on Ohio and on our country. And while the stigma of the rape will long stick to Steubenville, this story of how this nightmare ends is not yet written.
Your actions, today and tomorrow and in the coming weeks will determine how Steubenville is remembered. You have the chance to show the world how Americans respond to the brutal rape of one of their own. You can demand the resignation of Coach Saccoccia, you can sit with your kids and ask them hard questions about what they know, you can take the courageous and difficult path of speaking the truth.
9 Agrees | 2 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Denying allegations of cronyism by publicly issuing denials of culpability for friends and colleagues which by their very nature could reasonably and technically be defined as cronyism is paradoxically perplexing.
10 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Yes, this is an indictment on the entire HS hirearchy and coaching regime. The whole system needs a breather. An administrative 1 season suspension with an independent educational accreditation society coming in to do a full review is best. That way, there is no aftermath or exoneration by local yokels. Get real....for once, you nuckleheads need to put education first. Had a similar problem at Tulane University several years ago and they shut down the entire basketball program for 5 years....THAT was an upstanding and admirable move by the hirearchy. My fear is that you are too close to the mix...
7 Agrees | 3 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
We shall agree to disagree for now. I may see it your way once I see the facts in my eyes to to support it. @beagle so an entire football team should be punished for the actions of a few? I disagree, I wouldn't want my child's whole class punished because he acted out in class or rec'd a "red card". I wouldn't want all of the church to shut down because the bishop was caught behind the scenes doing things he shouldn't. I don't think a whole town should be afraid to go to school or walk outside because of the actions of a few. I see you are in favor of punishment for all regardless of who is guilty.
2 Agrees | 7 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Being from out of town, I only realized today that this Bruzeeze character is a local attorney and an associate (if not the boss) of Hanlin. Read a lengthy online article about ties between Bruzzeeze, Hanlin, school board, sheriff, prosecutors, etc. It is really amazing how the timeline and chain-of-contact goes thru those allegedly covering up, their jobs, their kids, and their friends and associates. It is an abhorrent mess. As an attorney, I am surprized Bruzeeze chooses to "put his foot in the buckwheat." By now he probably realizes that the buckwheat is thick, sticky and hard to pull out of! I agree with those who recommend shutting down the football program for the 2013 season. And for Mr. Bruzzeze.....welcome to the hotseat of public scrutiny.
10 Agrees | 2 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
@Maddie We shall agree to disagree. In my opinion, this case was botched from the beginning. Since, I choose to believe that neither Sheriff Abdalla, police, and Jane Hanlin are stupid, I believe there is another reason. I have many questions. I grew up in that area and it was only upon moving out of the area that I became aware that the way things work there are messed up. Everyone I know where I live now thinks the area seriously has issues. I was not aware of the case until a professor brought it up in class. The debate was not whether these kids were innocent or guilty nor was it should more people have been charged. The question posed was: If the case had been handled differently in the beginning could all of this backlash been avoided?
9 Agrees | 0 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
also, I am not trying to change your opinions, so you are right, you won't change mine. I do not defend anyone, nor do I know personally know any invovled. I just saying from what I have seen in facts and not hear say, the public wants what what they want to happen regardless. I am sure there is so much more to the laws and the photos and the videos and the statements than we are aware. If it was as cut and dry as it appears to the public, we wouldn't be here. They would have all been arrested from day one....wrong?
1 Agrees | 8 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
@sosilly2345 No I do not now know anyone involved. I have read both sides as much facts as I can. All I am saying is an outside source is taking over and I am sure if there is corruption it will be found and addressed. As of now Attorney General stated he sees nothing that supports that theory. My question is, is came from his mouth, is he and the others in Columbus in on it?
3 Agrees | 3 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
@Maddie As soon as she saw the Nodi video she should have known he wasn't the only one being investigated. He said at one point in the video Trent and Malik raped her. It seems that it would have been aparent immediately that there would be conflict of interest. Cody Saltsman who posted the pictures was also a teammate. I'm sure his posts were the first thing anyone saw. Unless you are privy to information that the public is not, it seems, in my opinion, you are close to someone that is in some way involved in the crime or the prosecution and investingating.
9 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
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Only thing I can think of is these sites have link farm sites, which IIRC might hurt your ranking.
What do they usually do? For future reference, are these features worth it?


text: I wrote a backdoor in my login application that allows specified IP addresses to login via GET, in order to have a simple way for swish-e to access protected content. Then just create a username/password combination for swish-e to login with. -bill On Jan 23, 2008, at 11:32 AM, Adam Douglas wrote: > Hi Peter. Thanks for the reply and pointing this out as I did not see > this information. However it appears after reading what you have > pointed > out that Swish-E only supports Basic Authentication correct? If so > that > would not work then that I know of, as in my case authentication is > done > via a web form and then handled server side using PHP/MySQL with the > use > of a cookie on the client side to maintain the client's session until > logout. > > Is there any other way? I do realize I could provide the username and > password via the URL to the form, however this is dangerous and > presently the form only accepts via POST not GET. I believe when a > username and password is provided as query string this is treated as a > GET. > > Any further ideas or suggestions? > > Best, > Adam > >>> Hi. I have been able to index the public side of my website. However >>> how do I index via HTTP for the private side of the web site that >>> requires authentication? I'm using prog to do this as suggested by > the >>> Swish-E documentation. I don't understand where I would provide >>> Swish-E the username and password to authenticate so it can index >>> the > >>> private side of the website. Since I've used a web page (PHP) to do >>> the authentication I can not provide the username and password via > the >>> URL that I provide Swish-E. >> >> http://swish-e.org/docs/spider.html >> >> and look for 'authentication' 'password' 'credentials' ... > > This message (including any attachments) is intended only for > the use of the individual or entity to which it is addressed and > may contain information that is non-public, proprietary, > privileged, confidential, and exempt from disclosure under > applicable law or may constitute as attorney work product. > If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified > that any use, dissemination, distribution, or copying of this > communication is strictly prohibited. If you have received this > communication in error, notify us immediately by telephone and > (i) destroy this message if a facsimile or (ii) delete this message > immediately if this is an electronic communication. > > Thank you. > _______________________________________________ > Users mailing list > firstname.lastname@example.com > http://lists.swish-e.org/listinfo/users _______________________________________________ Users mailing list firstname.lastname@example.com http://lists.swish-e.org/listinfo/usersReceived on Wed Jan 23 16:14:25 2008


text:
Okay, well, they aren't so much leaked, as official, unofficial product shots of Twin Six new 2012 knickers or for our UK readers, three quarter pants. They will be available this March in Pavement (black) and Gravel (tan/brown) for about $120. Couple of cool things about the construction of the pants is they are made from post-consumer recycled plastics with a PFOA and PFOS free DWR coating, for water repellency. They offer deep zipper pockets, articulated knee's and highly reflective appliques.You can ride on or off the bike and look good doing it.
Coming soon, check out Twin Six's facebook page for a limited, one off, cycling caps made from their left over jersey fabric by Walz Cycling Caps. There are currently only 100 or so left, one will be posted each week for purchase. Truly one of a kind!


text:
How many extreme rays are there on the polytopal cone formed by all semimetrics on a set with $n$ elements?
Some background. Given a set $X$ with $n$ elements, the set of all semimetrics $d:X \times X \rightarrow [0,\infty)$ can be seen as the cone of symmetric matrices $(d_{i,j})$ with zeroes on the diagonal and satifying the system of linear inequalities $d_{i,j} \geq 0$, $d_{i,j} + d_{j,k} - d_{i,k} \geq 0$. The polytopal cone defined by this finite system of inequalities can also be described (at least in principle) by exhibiting its extreme rays. Some extreme semimetrics are easy to describe. Here is a class of examples: if $Y$ is a subset of $X$, define the cut semimetric $d_Y$ by setting the distance between two points to be equal to $1$ if one of the points is in $Y$ and the other in its complement, otherwise the distance between the two points is zero. Another example, given by Avis, of an extreme metric is the length metric of the graph $K_{3,2}$ on the cone of semimetrics on a set with $5$ elements.
More elaborate question. It may be hard to know exactly how many extremal rays there are on the semimetric cone, but I'm interested in a good estimate (some asymptotic estimate would also be nice). I'm also interested in knowing about classes of examples of extremal semimetrics other than the cut semimetrics and the examples given by Avis in his 1980 paper On the extreme rays of the metric cone.


text:
Comments about 'Doug Robinson: Jim Harbaugh created a mess with mishandling of 49ers' QB situation'
- Oldest first
- Newest first
- Most recommended
I agree with this column 100%, and I hope karma comes back to bite Jim Harbaugh hard with many more regular season losses and an early playoff exit. Kaepernick played great against the Bears but poorly-to-average in his three other opportunities. He is already overrated (if that is possible after only three and half games). Flash in the pan at most.
- 9:28 p.m. Dec. 4, 2012
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So you were willing to wait 8 years for smith to do something, anything, halfway decent, despite the fact he was absolutely awful during that time, yet you are declaring kaepernick finished after 3 games? Typical utah "fan" hypocrisy on display as usual.
- 9:39 p.m. Dec. 4, 2012
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So Duckhunter, you're trying to say it's a good idea to screw with a
team most people saw as a Super Bowl contender by risking the ruining of your
qb's confidence and messing with team continuity? I guarantee coaches and
NFL management around the league have been laughing to themselves thinking,
"wow, we're trying to build a Super Bowl team while San Fran already
came a muffed punt away from going last year and looked even better this year,
yet they're going to screw with that and start developing for the future?
So you tell me, based on your last comment, you're saying that Utah or San Fran fans should be willing to give Kaep time to grow into his role the same way the organization allowed Smith to grow into the role even though it's evident that Alex has moved past that phase and is primed to lead them to a Super Bowl? Sounds pretty smart to me.
Bottom line ... humble pie time for you this week after all you had to say last week.
- 9:53 p.m. Dec. 4, 2012
- Like (20)
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So you were willing to wait 8 years for smith to do something, anything, halfway decent, despite the fact he was absolutely awful during that time.
I'm have been waiting for the 9ers to do something halfway decent for 8 years not just Alex Smith. CK lost the game last week and our defense won against New Orleans. CK is the future but Alex gives us a better chance to win THIS year.
- 9:55 p.m. Dec. 4, 2012
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Duckhunter, Utah lost to BYU this year, again, go back to your team who plays
WAC weaklings to get to a bowl.
SMoth has been a better QB than any of the BYU rejects of the past 8 years. This was a bad call by Harbaugh and Lap got lucky because the Bears are so dysfunctional and their defense was on the field far too much because Cutler was out. Harbaugh is making a big mistake and it is OBVIOUS to anyone who knows football that Kap gave away that game.
- 9:58 p.m. Dec. 4, 2012
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A quote from you last week;
"…his extremely brief time as a starter has come to an end barring an injury to the vastly superior Kaepernick."
Clearly Kaep is vastly superior … apples to apples (their only common opponent - the Rams) Smith was 7/8 passing for 72 yards with 1 TD (no turnovers) in just over 1 quarter. Meanwhile Kaep went 11/17 passing for 117 yards with 0 TDs and 0 turnovers - though he did fumble twice recovered by his team. Kaep's amazing *cough* stats were accrued in almost 3 quarters of play AND an entire overtime.
Then Kaep goes 21/32 for 208 with no TDs and no interceptions. These stats also include an entire overtime. Kaep grossly overthrows a pitch returned for a TD. He also commits a penalty causing a safety.
Smith's rating against the Rams this year: 143.8
Kaepernick's ratings against the Rams: 84.3
Another of your quotes … "The running game and defense are what won SF games. He (Smith) just didn't screw it up." - I guess we now know why not screwing it up, is such a big deal.
- 10:01 p.m. Dec. 4, 2012
- Like (16)
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You're dead-on accurate with this, Robinson. All Smith did was overcome
seven years of instability in the 49ers organization (I.e. a different offensive
coordinator each year, and a different, losing head coach every other year) to
finally settle in on a season that led to a NFC championship game. This year
he'd again led his team to first place in his division before his injury.
Harbaugh has no one to blame but himself if this all blows up in his face.
And duckhunter, give it a rest! You're always the first to pounce on an article about Utah or one of Utah's players. What is the source of your hatred towards all things Utah? You're not a good representation of what true BYU fans are all about.
- 10:05 p.m. Dec. 4, 2012
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Is Alex "absolutely awful" as friend Ducky suggests?
Alex Smith QB rankings:
2006 #21 (Just behind #21 Big Ben)
2009 #19 (Just a head of #20 Matt Ryan)
2010 #21
2011 #9
2012 #5
Alex was disappointment but being a top 10 QB the last two years shows he's capable of leading an NFL team. The 9ers are CK's team now but Alex will be playing somewhere next year.
- 10:08 p.m. Dec. 4, 2012
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Only a BYU fan such as Duckhunter can jump in on a Utah related thread of a BCS
school that beat down BYU 54-10 and beat the WAC-Playin Cougars and dare to talk
any trash without anything to back it up. Sure you are going to a substandard
bowl BYU, but acknowledge that your house is built upon WAC sand.
I would rather be a fan of a BCS school taking its lumps and building up than being complacent and getting fat and happy on WAC teams and LOSING to San Jose State.
49ers would have been in the Superbowl last year had Williams not messed up and turned the ball over twice. The rams have video on Kap and they figured him out, made him panic and as happy feet QBs go, he took off in a panic and gave away the game. Running QBs will only do one thing, get seriously hurt.
- 10:28 p.m. Dec. 4, 2012
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Harbaugh has messed both QB's up. Terrible job of managing QB's. Of course you bring Alex back as soon as he was cleared to play. By doing that you keep both QB's confidence high. You tell Alex he is your guy - as he should be and you tell Kap good job. Kap is not ready mentally and will falter against the good defenses - then what? Too late to bring Smith back his confidence is shot plus his skills are far too rusty. Kap should have been preserved for next season and Smith deserved the shot at the playoffs since he won most of the games this year. Pulling out Kap in the playoffs will kill his confidence going forward. I am betting the 49ers falter in the first round this year and its Harbaugh's fault.
- 11:13 p.m. Dec. 4, 2012
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@ John Jacob whatever,
Least we're going to a bowl.
- 12:02 a.m. Dec. 5, 2012
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Too much talent is a good problem to have. This is the opposite of a quarterback
Harbaugh turned this team around in one season. But, he's starting to look like the overconfident hare.
- 6:15 a.m. Dec. 5, 2012
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Good article. I agree, but add; the bad years with the Niners included not
protecting the quarterback and verbal abuse from Singletary, the worst coach in
the NFL.
Firing Singletary turned this team around. Alex is sticking around because a Super Bowl game would erase all the abuse from this team. No Super Bowl and Alex walks.
- 6:23 a.m. Dec. 5, 2012
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I don't blame Harbaugh for New Orleans. Another week rest from a concussion
injury when you have one game to give away is not bad coaching. Priority one;
keep Alex healthy for the post season. The win was a bonus.
But, St. Louis was all Harbaugh's fault. Announcing Kap this week makes me wonder if Harbaugh has a concussion.
- 6:30 a.m. Dec. 5, 2012
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Still, Alex Smith is a mediocre QB and Harbaugh knows it. Somehow, Harbaugh has managed to squeeze success out of a QB who can't throw long, who was on the brink of being left out of the NFL because of his poor performance. Ok, he's having a decent year, but no big numbers, no long passes. Harbaugh is successful because he can see the future and he knows Smith is not the future. I think Robinson has kind of gone ballistic here...must be a bit Utah fan, or related to Smith, I don't know, but anyone with even a basic understanding of NFL QBs knows Smith has a ceiling--and he has reached it, and Harbaugh knows it.
- 6:55 a.m. Dec. 5, 2012
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Reminds me of how Riley Nelson became and continues to remain BYU's starting qb. There must be more to both stories.
- 7:31 a.m. Dec. 5, 2012
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I can't stand Jim Harabugh. He's a pompous arrogant coach. Why fix what not's broken. Big mistake on the coaches fault. The Rookie QB is goint to get pounded; especially when the 49ers come to Seattle.
- 7:34 a.m. Dec. 5, 2012
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NFL coaches may get paid well but don't seem to brought sometimes.
- 8:01 a.m. Dec. 5, 2012
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Ironic that Harbaugh as an ex NFL QB doesn't know how to handle his QB's. He should leave Kap on the bench to learn a while longer and let Smith have his day, as Bill Walsh would have done. Instead he messes up both QB's.
- 8:24 a.m. Dec. 5, 2012
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Amen to most of the comments.
I like to see local boys do well, no matter where they played in college. It's obvious that Alex has been dealt many tough hands, but has shown tremendous character.
This has the potential of being one of the worst moves ever by a coach in any sport at any level. There is no way to measure it, but I'm certain players of any sport at any level (especially under Harbaugh) will now be more likely to conceal their injuries – especially concussions – which will prove to be very dangerous to some of them. Athletes are, of course, very competitive, and don't want to give up their starting spots. Then there is the loyalty factor. If I am a player at any position for the 49ers, I now know that Jim Harbaugh is the Judas, the Benedict Arnold of coaches. He even drove the bus after he threw Alex Smith under it.
- 8:41 a.m. Dec. 5, 2012
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text: Bunkeys are half rabbit and monkey. I created bunkeys when, I was like, eight. Bunkeys like to eat banapples and cocotables. They like to climb and sleep up in trees and burrow and hibernate during winter. They live in Dinky, a place where every fantasy creature lives, or my fantasy creatures. Anyway, I'll make a Dinky, who also live in Dinky. So, enjoy my tut!


text:
SHADYSIDE - Firefighters said a man was deliberately burning a shed on his property along Wegee Road near Shadyside Friday afternoon when the fire grew out of control.
Firefighters responded to the blaze at 51214 Wegee Road just before 5 p.m. When they got there, flames had engulfed the main house, which reportedly was vacant.
According to Shadyside Assistant Fire Chief John Shaver, the owner of the property said he was burning the shed to the rear of the house, and did not intend for the main building to catch fire, though he had been planning to demolish it. Shaver did not know the owner's name.
Article Photos
Photo/Ian Hicks
A vacant house along Wegee Road outside of Shadyside is destroyed by fire Friday afternoon. The property owner reportedly was trying to burn a shed in the rear when the blaze got out of control and spread to the house.
"He didn't realize that the radiant heat would catch the house on fire. ... He was going to tear it down, anyhow," Shaver said.
No one was injured in the fire, though a firefighter from the Spirit of '76 Volunteer Fire Department was treated at the scene for heat exhaustion after he had been peeling siding from the exterior of the house, Shaver said.
Shaver said crews likely were in for a long evening at the scene, monitoring hot spots and retrieving more than 1,500 feet of fire hose used to pump water to the scene.
Responders included the Shadyside, Spirit of '76 and Smith Township fire departments. A Salvation Army relief truck also responded to provide water to the firefighters.


text:
Still there are companies who believe Windows is the only OS and IE is the only browser around. This prompts them to make sites which can be accessed only in IE. Though I have dual-boot system I boot into Windows only once in several days. I don't want to boot into Windows just to check my internet usage(yes, it is my ISP's site - http://selfcare.sdc.bsnl.co.in/). The site does not allow me to enter my username and password in Firefox/Chrome in Ubuntu. When I take my mouse pointer over it, it just keeps circling! And now it has started showing Bad Gateway. The proxy server received an invalid response from an upstream server. Ironically it seems to use Apache/2.0.52 (Red Hat) Server. So there they need Linux! Is there any way out for such issues other than installing Windows on a Virtual PC?
Well you have several ways:
FIREFOX Addon - https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/user-agent-switcher/
CHROME Addon - https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/aafciojnlamllgpkpdkbamkfgbofhgcj?hl=en-US
UPDATE - The list for most (Maybe all) User Agents can be found in this page (There are other pages actually but this is the best i found): http://www.useragentstring.com/pages/Browserlist/
UPDATE 2 - Also please make sure the site works with IE or any other browser that you want to compare with. Web pages like http://browsershots.org and http://www.webpagetest.org can test out the compatibility with the site with each browser and show a small screenshot of how the looked.
You can try to install the user-agent-switcher extension for firefox.
Then, you can try to change the user-agent to Internet Explorer. The author states that it's not guaranteed to work at all sites as there are many different methods of detecting the browser type.
I've used it in a few sites myself where i was facing this kind of problem and it helped me.
As for the second part of the problem, the message:
could be a temporary problem on your ISP's site.
Install Opera.It allows logging into BSNL portal. Regards.
I had a similar requirement and I had used PlayOnLinux and IE. My problem was that site had JScript code that was not compatible on Chrome/Firefox/Opera. Once I installed PlayOnLinux and IE on top of it, I could run the site without any problems
I am not aware of any way to actually emulate another browser, but you can install extensions for your browser that will pretend like as if it's the other browser (even though the browser's internals do not change).
Most websites check the browser by what is known as a "User Agent String". This string (or text) provides many details about the browser, renderer (the thing that displays the website), OS, and the versions of them. For example, here are a few user agent strings:
Most websites either "parse" the strings (i.e. convert the strings into code) or just use pre-parsed versions of the strings given by the browser.
So if the User Agent String is edited (like the extensions I mentioned above do), the browser can trick the website to pretend like as if it's actually another browser, or running on another OS.
Try installing PlayonLinux from playonlinux.org and install IE via PlayonLinux. and use IE only for those pesky sites :)


text:
Let $A_1$ and $A_2$ be two arbitrary $n\times n$ matrices with entries in $Z_p$. How many $n\times n$ matrices $B$ are there so that both $A_1-B$ and $A_2-B$ are of rank $n-1$ or less? What is the formula if the rank is $n-k$ (for both $A_1-B$ and $A_2-B$)?
It is okay if I know a loose bound (but not trivial, of course). It looks like they are certainly less than $n^2.p^{n^2-k}$. Anything better would be really helpful.


text:
2.00 CT. T.W. Unity Diamond Bridal Set I, I1 (IGI Appraisal Value: $4,460)
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This Unity Diamond Bridal Set offers an exceptionally big diamond look with eight sparkling diamonds set securely around the center diamond for a bold statement of enduring love.
Crafted with exacting precision and the most advanced setting techniques, the Unity Diamond Bridal Set reflects perfect harmony between old-world craftsmanship and exquisite styling. Starting with an individually selected and certified round brilliant center diamond, and accentuated by eight scintillating diamonds, Unity Diamond Jewelry reflects the brilliance and boldness of a single, much larger diamond. Unity Diamond Jewelry, come together forever.
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text:
18 Nov 2012 1:31 PM #1
Unanswered: Grid in hidden container won't display correctly
Hi folks!
My problem: I have several tabs (controlled by Bootstrap Framework), the first is shown when rendering the page ("active"), the other are not. On each tab I've got a Ext.GridPanel but only the one on the visible tab will render correctly, the others will not. These grids have no table headers and the width/height is not set to the container's dimensions. The container is a normal DIV, no Ext.Panel or s.th.
I tried "forceLayout" to true with no results.
One thing: when all tabs are displayed when the grids render, they will show correctly but this is not the way I want it to be.
Any helpful hints or workarounds in store?
Thanks in advance!
Regards from Dresden, Germany
18 Nov 2012 3:25 PM #2
I now noticed, that even a grid.getStore().reload() will not produce a correct result regarding the column headers. For the grid which is visible all went ok, but all the other grids lose their column headers.


text:
- Binding: Hardcover (USAC)
- Era: 17th Century
- Number of Pages: 160
- Subject: Memoires
- Date Available: June 2010
Clear The Decks Price*
Originally published by Pepys in June 1690, this is a defense of his administration of the Royal Navy and a criticism of his opponents. While Pepys provides a fascinating insider's view of the working of the Admiralty, the wealth of fact and figures is far from impartial. The new introduction by J. D. Davies explains the political controversy that formed the background to the book's publication and shows how Pepys manipulated his mastery of arcane information to his political ends. This edition is illustrated with contemporary drawings of period ships.
Samuel Pepys was the Chief Secretary to the Admiralty under both King Charles II and King James II. His influence and reforms were important in the early professionalization of the Royal Navy.
J.D. Davies is the author of Pepys's Navy [5].


text:
Hi and Happy New Year,
End of last Year I received the new plates for Nikon Camera Bodies and played around with them.
The first Results:
1. Check that the Tripod Mount Screw Positioning System is loose to slide it to the opposite side of the Anti Twist Flanges.
2. Fix the Tripod Mount Screw to Camera Body, but do not fix it definitely. The plate has to be able to be moved.
3. Move the Anti Twist Flanges to the Camera Body and check they touch it on both sides.
4. Fix the Tripod Mount Screw definitely. Do not over tighten !
5. Now fix the lock screw of the Positioning System. In case there is not enough clearance of the System to fix the Flange to the camera body, open the lock screw and flip the whole System around.
6. Add the Automatic Align Plate with the notch to the back of the camera and on the side of the shutter release knob.
7. To be secure, add the M3 Safety Screw with the black spacer aside of the plate. I use only one on the side of the shutter release. When you mount it to both sides of the camera plate, you can not slide into the upper rail clamp. You have to open it very wide and place it from the side what I do not like.
BTW: please let me know when the descriptions leave unanswered questions


text:
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text:
Let $G$ be a (discrete) group. For the Baum-Connes conjecture, one looks at the reduced group $C^{\star}$-algebra: Look at the Hilbert space $l^2(G)$ and the representation of $G$ on this Hilbert space given by left multiplication. The norm-closure of the resulting $\mathbb{C}G$-representation in $B(l^2(G))$ is the reduced group $C^*$-algebra.
For any $p \geq 1$, we can pretty much do the same: Look at $l^p(G)$. We still have a representation of $G$ on $B(l^p(G))$ by left multiplication and hence obtain a kind of reduced Banach group algebra for $l^p$; lets call it $B^p(G)$.
There also should be an assembly map
$K_*(E_{Fin}G) \rightarrow K_*(B^p(G))$
as in the Baum-Connes conjecture. For $p = 1$, we have $B^1(G) = l^1(G)$ and we obtain the Bost assembly map. I have no reason to believe that for arbitrary p such an assembly map might be an isomorphism, but was wondering whether such group Banach algebras, and maybe even the assembly maps, have been considered anywhere in the literature.


text:
Is it ok to start a sentence with also?
Also, I had given him the file you sent me.
Is it ok to start a sentence with also?
Certainly, it is correct to begin a sentence with also. All adverbs (also inclusive) can be used at the beginning of a sentence with the proper punctuation. For instance, the first sentence in this answer begins with an adverb. Other examples are:
As noted by other commenters, some writers prefer to avoid "Also, .. " in formal writing. But there is one use of 'also' at the start of a sentence which is in fact more prevalent in formal than in informal writing: namely, Also + adjective. Example:
This uncommon syntax is called "fronting'.
It is correct as long as you are continuing a line of thought, but you should limit its use to an informal register. Formal register, however, will require you to use a more sophisticated alternative such as Furthermore, to name one.
Burchfield in Fowler's Modern English Usage advises against it. He says it is now quite frequent, but still a "marked feature of uneducated speech".
I have always disliked it myself; a sentence can easily be recast to avoid it. I see it a lot, even in academic writing; but it is still considered informal or uneducated by some (it is hard to estimate their number, but they are probably a small minority); so, if you want to please traditionalists, don't use it. If formality and style are not your primary concern, don't bother trying to avoid it, and rest assured that most people would use it.
Also, it's fine to start a sentence with And, But and many other words (mostly conjunctions) that some people are convinced they shouldn't start with.
This usage is very much correct. Especially when you are continuing the sentence from the other person.
Let's look at an example conversation:
As always, it's not a matter of what's correct, but rather of what works in a given context. Starting a sentence with also may be effective for some communicative purposes, but not for others. It just isn't possible to give a single answer to such a general question.
Thank you for your interest in this question.
Because it has attracted low-quality or spam answers that had to be removed, posting an answer now requires 10 reputation on this site (the association bonus does not count).
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text:
Your Teen Daughter: What About S-E-X?
Mom, you cannot afford to ignore your role in educating your daughter about sex. Psychologist and author Dr. Nathalie Bartle (Venus in Blue Jeans: Why Mothers and Daughters Need to Talk About Sex [Dell, 1999]) found in her study that adolescent girls have more questions than they admit about the subject of sex.
Where adolescents are getting most of their ill-informed answers are from the explicit treatment of sex on TV, in movies, records, and advertisements—as well as peers. They are aware of the risk of AIDS but not of other sexually transmitted diseases. Nor are they cognizant that they might incur surprising emotional consequences from becoming sexually active.
Moms must take a proactive stance when it comes to sex. There are ample studies that show honest and early discussion of sex with Mom:
- Does not encourage daughters to become sexually active.
- Deters the adolescent girl from early experimentation.
- Promotes successful use of birth control.
Excerpted from The Complete Idiot's Guide to Mothers and Daughters © 2001 by Rosanne Rosen. All rights reserved including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. Used by arrangement with Alpha Books, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc.
To order this book visit Amazon's web site or call 1-800-253-6476.


text:
Hybrid View
15 Feb 2012 4:30 AM #1
Unanswered: Uncaught TypeError: Object [object Object] has no method 'getItemId'
I get this error when trying to add an item to a main view class.
here is some code in the main index file (for some reason the developer is loading in the classes manual here istead of dynamic- dont really want to change that at this stage)
<script type="text/javascript" src="src/view/markets/Olist.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="src/view/Market.js"></script>
Ext.define('Ap.view.markets.Olist', { extend: 'Ext.data.Model', xtype:'olist', fields: ['firstName', 'lastName'], config: { id: 'CustomList' } });
Ext.define('Ap.view.Market', { extend: "Ext.Panel", xtype: 'marketPanel', requires:['Ap.view.markets.Olist'], config: { title: _s('market'), iconCls: 'market', items: [ { xtype: 'titlebar', docked: 'top', title: _s('market'), }, {//vbox to stack the tables and labels layout:'vbox', centered:'true', items:[ { xtype: 'segmentedbutton', allowMultiple: false, items: [ { text: 'aaa' }, { text: 'bbb', pressed: true } ] } , { xtype: 'label', html: 'Lisbon', height: 69 } , { xtype:'olist' } ] } ] } });
15 Feb 2012 4:40 AM #2
Is this a bug ?
making extend: 'Ext.data.Model' a panel instead works...but I need to extend model.
Any help appreciated.
15 Feb 2012 5:48 AM #3
Either your class is a Model (then it shouldn't be in your view package and you cannot add it to your UI) or it is a Panel or other component (then you can't extend from Model and use its methods). Those are two different concepts and you can't have both in one, that wouldn't make much sense.
What are you trying to accomplish?
15 Feb 2012 7:10 AM #4
I'm trying to get a simple hard coded list working then progress to use a data model via a proxy (xml feed).
So the list Olist.js is my custom class that is to get populated.
But having even a baisc panel doesn't seem to work.


text:
The 6 Most Badass Stunts Ever Pulled in the Name of Science
#3. Stubbins Ffirth Eats Yellow Fever
The line between heroic bravery and complete stupidity is a blurred one and Stubbins Ffirth sprinted over it while chugging a bowl of vomit. Seriously.
Perhaps driven to insanity by his ridiculous name, trainee doctor Ffirth attempted to prove that Yellow Fever isn't contagious (Note: it actually is). His "experiments" were maniacal displays of filth, lack of self-respect and absolute depravity, so it's pity he lived a full two centuries before the invention of the internet.
Ffirth's great-great-granddaughter and her friend.
He subjected himself to possible infection by victims in every conceivable manner--and his brain could conceive manners that would make yours lock itself in the bathroom with a bucket of bleach.
He jammed infected patient vomit, blood and urine into every orifice. This includes several holes he cut in his arm, dripping pus from dying men into his eyes, and he rounded off a nice day of horrific self-mutilation with a filling lunch of fried puke.
Amazingly, these experiments neither got him locked up as a fucking lunatic nor infected him. Real scientists later found that this is because Yellow Fever is blood-borne, and that the late-stage (translation: dying) patients Stubbins was using as a smorgasbord were no longer very contagious.
Still, the odds of his not catching something are on par with playing Russian Roulette with a fully loaded gun, but having it jam on a winning lottery ticket that just dropped out of the sky.
#2. HEAF Tempts the Explosion Gods
The High Explosives Applications Facility, the single coolest-named facility in the entire world, decided to show off how precisely they could control their new metal-melting laser. Instead of shooting an apple off their least-favorite employee's head, they decided to demonstrate the laser's precision by cutting through the shell of a Stinger missile. Yes, the type that blow up. No, they didn't take out those explosive bits first.
That's the segment they lasered out of the shell, and that powder still attached is ammonium perchlorate which is practically chemical-ese for "goddamn explosive." Amazingly, this research was not unveiled on a huge television in front of the United Nations before demanding a million dollars--it's just what they do there. We can imagine the daily conversations of the staff:
"What are you doing today, honey?"
"Well, dear, we're going to fire a massively intense laser into the side of a live missile."
"Oh, that's nice, be sure to take your extra Ziploc bags in case you get blown into chunks. Remember what happened to Jenkins!"
#1. Werner Forssmann Stabs His Own Damned Heart
In 1929, Werner Forssmann was a surgical trainee who wanted to learn about the heart. Unlike other wimpy doctors at the time, instead of learning about it from books or dead animals, he went for the more classic investigatory approach of "poke it with something."
Without any supervision, advice, or regard for that concept you call "survival," he cut a hole in his arm and pushed a catheter all the way up the limb and jammed it into his still-living heart.
A female nurse had volunteered for the procedure, and while he wouldn't risk anyone else (perhaps shouting "Dammit, it's too dangerous!"), he needed her to hand him the necessary surgical tools. So he laid her on the surgical table, gave her a painkiller, then performed the procedure on himself while she wasn't looking. That's right, this guy shoved two feet of cable into his own cardiac system as a sleight-of-hand trick, thereby permanently upstaging David Copperfield 27 years before he was even born.
He then walked--WALKED, mind you--with a tube hanging out of his fucking heart like some kind of price tag to the X-Ray room and presumably said "Hey guys, check out what I just did."
"I'm a very good doctor."
When another doctor desperately tried to pull the catheter out of him (perhaps shouting "Dammit, it's too dangerous!"), Werner had to kick him away because his hands were full with the cable running into his own heart. At this point it's clear that if a 10-man SWAT team composed entirely of Arnold Schwarzeneggers had attacked Forssman, he'd have beaten the life out of every single one, then performed lifesaving research on the corpses.
He was fired, probably for being tougher than everyone and everything else in the building (including the concrete foundations)--27 years later they gave him a Nobel Prize.
If you liked that you'll probably enjoy our look at The 5 Most Badass Presidents of All Time. And don't forget to check out Internet Party 2: An Intervention for MySpace to see which sites you shouldn't be inviting to your next intervention. And if we've told you once, we've told you a thousand times: Apparently Real Moms Aren't Like the Ones on MILFhunter.com.


text:
- Jena Economic Resea...
- Volume 5
- Collaboration in ph...
- Pictured person
- Published
- Tue Jun 21 2011
- Number of discussion paper
- keyword(s)
International Cooperation
- abstract
In this paper we focus on proximity as one of the main determinants of international collaboration in pharmaceutical research. We use various count data specifications of the gravity model to estimate the intensity of collaboration between pairs of countries as explained by the geographical, cognitive, institutional, social, and cultural dimensions of proximity. Our results suggest that geographical distance has a significant negative relation to the collaboration intensity between countries. The amount of previous collaborations, as a proxy for social proximity, is positively related to the number of cross-country collaborations. We do not find robust significant associations between cognitive proximity or institutional proximity with the intensity of international research collaboration. Moreover, there is no robust and significant relation between the interaction terms of geographical distance with social, cognitive, or institutional proximity, and international research collaboration. Our findings for cultural proximity do not allow of unambiguous conclusions concerning their influence on the collaboration intensity between countries. Linguistic ties among countries are associated with a higher amount of cross-country research collaboration but we find no clear association for historical and colonial linkages.
- article pub. typess JER
- Research article
- article languages JER
- Englisch
- JEL-Classification for JER
- R10 - General ; O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives


text:
Are there any good substitutes for Fish Sauce for cooking Thai food?
This is due to a severe food allergy (anaphylaxis) to all forms of seafood, so I'm unable to substitute for other fish-based products.
Are there any good substitutes for Fish Sauce for cooking Thai food?
This is due to a severe food allergy (anaphylaxis) to all forms of seafood, so I'm unable to substitute for other fish-based products.
Try mixing hoisin or miso into low-sodium soy sauce.
From one of my favorite bloggers, Smitten Kitchen, "I often see low-sodium soy sauce suggested as an alternative but I'm not convinced it's a fair swap. There's something more caramelized and fermented in the fish sauce that you'd miss. If you feel like playing around, I might whisk some additional hoisin or even miso into that soy sauce for a more complex flavor."
If you cannot have fish at all, try using grated Parmigiano Reggiano. Fish sauce has two basic flavors: a sweeter one that is similar to Reggiano and a stronger one that is similar to cooked broccoli. If I were to experiment, I would try a mixture of the two, with maybe some of the juice made from the inside pulp of tomatoes (the gel-like thing with the seeds).
You should look into vegetarian fish sauce. If you can't find it, but can find a vegetarian (anchovy-free) Worcestershire sauce, that will provide some of the flavour, though we haven't tried it with Thai food. :-) A salty chicken bouillon might also do the trick in a pinch.
Seaweed and lemon juice, that's what I'm using right now. I was just using the seaweed because I like it, was using lemon juice and soy sauce as the fish sauce replacement, but am pleasantly surprised that seaweed is providing that fish sauce flavor.
Your best bet is a light soy sauce, that, at least, will provide the 'saltiness' If you need a fishy flavor you could always add a little fish paste or perhaps a fillet from a tin or bottle of fish, such as anchovies. Just 'wizz' the two in a blender for a few minutes.
You can safely leave out the fish sauce without attempting to replace it with anything. First of all, it's really more fishy than salty, so substituting soy sauce often makes your dish too salty. Secondly, most curries or stews only call for a small amount of fish sauce and there are such wonderful things going on spice-wise in Thai cuisine that you really don't miss it.
I've tried Bragg Liquid Aminos sauce which is saltier, less sweet and also tangier then regular soy sauce. I think its flavor also resembles fish sauce better than soy and it worked well with the dish I made (green papaya salad). According to its label, it's made with NON-GMO soybeans and purified water. And it's also not fermented or heated and Gluten-Free.
You could use a smaller amount of oyster sauce if the person was only allergic to fish... (But keep in mind that some oyster sauces also include fish sauce, so check carefully!).
That said, if the person is also allergic to oyster sauce (as your question states), then I'd probably subtitute it with some stock instead, perhaps a small amount of soy sauce, and add less sugar, because it will also be sweeter.
Conimex makes a sweet, thick type of soy sauce called Ketchup Manis or Ketchup Bentang which we use a lot for marinades (pork, chicken satays etc) I love it put a little in fried rice, lo meins too. Yum! you can find it in some specialty food stores, Thai/asian sections and Asian food stores and online.
I don't believe there is a substitute for fish sauce. Soy sauce is completely different. If using as a dipping sauce substitute , use soy sauce mixed with vinegar and sugar. Another option is soy sauce mixed with fermented soybean paste, sugar, vinegar, chili pepper and water for dipping things like Vietnamese spring rolls. Another alternative would be lime juice with soy sauce and sugar to dress a salad. If cooking, I would use salt with a little MSG. MSG adds Umami that can't be achieved even with fish sauce. Worcestershire sauce is totally different from fish sauce. Spices in it are too overpowering. Hope that helps.
I cook with a vegetarian pho from my Vietnamese mother-in-law, who is the real deal! It calls for no fish sauce and instead calls for 1/2 c. soy sauce and 1 Tbsp. sugar in the broth. It's delicious! Maybe that's the substitute for fish sauce.
I've not tried it, but a combination of light soy sauce and Worcestershire sauce seems like a good bet. They both provide umami, soy sauce has the saltiness, and Worcestershire sauce is also made from fermented fish.
Soy sauce contains E numbers that are derived from Fish! So any type of Soy sauce is out of the question for those with a fish allergy.


text:
Macromedia Flash 8 For Dummies
408 pages
November 2005
US $24.99 Add to Cart
Read an ExcerptDownload Acrobat
Table of Contents
Author Information
Related Websites
Part I: A Blast of Flash.
Chapter 1: Getting Acquainted with Flash 8.
Chapter 2: Your Basic Flash.
Part II: 1,000 Pictures and 1,000 Words.
Chapter 3: Getting Graphic.
Chapter 4: You Are the Object Editor.
Chapter 5: What's Your Type?
Chapter 6: Layering It On.
Part III: Getting Symbolic.
Chapter 7: Heavy Symbolism.
Chapter 8: Pushing Buttons.
Part IV: Total Flash-o-Rama.
Chapter 9: Getting Animated.
Chapter 10: Getting Interactive.
Chapter 11: Extravagant Audio, High-Velocity Video.
Part V: The Movie and the Web.
Chapter 12: Putting It All Together.
Chapter 13: Publishing Your Flash Files.
Part VI: The Part of Tens.
Chapter 14: Ten Frequently Asked Questions.
Chapter 15: The Ten Best Flash Resources.
Chapter 16: Ten Flash Designers to Watch.
Part VII: Appendixes.
Appendix A: Installing Flash and Setting Your Preferences.
Appendix B: The Property Inspector and the Panels.
Appendix C: What's on the Companion Web Site.


text: Now that you finally have a tutorial on a cool chibi grim reaper character, I will now submit a lesson that will teach you "how to draw chibi anime step by step". Chibi anime is just another form of chibi that is becoming increasingly popular. When you draw chibi characters like chibi Naruto, chibi Sasuke, or any other one of your favorite chibi style characters, you are basically drawing anime in chibi form. One of the cutest to combine is anime with chibi and there is even chibi manga drawing style as well. The difference between the two drawing styles is minimal. Chibi manga is when you combine your favorite manga characters and turn them into chibi form. As for me, I will turn anything into chibi form because I think it is the easiest way to draw characters you love, to look like who they are. In other words, if you were to draw an anime character for what it is, you will have a more complicated time doing so if you are a beginning artist. Now taking that very same character and drawing it chibi anime style, you are talking about cutting your drawing time in half. For one chibi anime characters are a lot smaller, and more simple than a full sized anime drawing. I show you the easiest way to learn "how to draw chibi anime", by drawing the same character in three different poses. I definitely think you will find this lesson very helpful when it comes to drawing your favorite anime character into chibi form. I will be back momentarily with another fun lesson. In the mean time tackle this tutorial, and when you are done, put some clothes on your newly drawn chibi anime character. Adios peeps, and happy drawing.


text:
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text:
I've GM'ed a few Pathfinder games, and while I really enjoy the setting, I just can't wrap my head around some of the crunchy mechanics. In particular, how do you (quickly) deal with effects like drain level in a pen and paper system - doesn't each player have to COMPLETELY recalculate their character sheet (feats, spells, skills, BAB) each frickin' time the mummy lord hits them? It seems like that would just grind the game to a smoking halt. How do other GM's handle this?
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Negative Levels don't actually reduce your character level
They basically give you a -1 penalty on a bunch of things for each negative level you have.
So you don't actually have to recalculate the whole character, you just have to know what things are affected by level drain, and subtract accordingly. You don't lose any spells, or access to feats, or any skill ranks, etc.
So, really all you need to do is apply a penalty of (negative levels X -1) to all attack rolls, saving throws, and skill checks, and reduce hit points! Spell durations also go down and some other things, but that's not too hard to recalculate on the fly.
This is in contrast to older editions of the game when level drain did actually reduce your character level, so Paizo has baked in to the system a less-crunchy way to deal with the classic level drain problem.
It has been noted that in previous editions temporary negative levels could become actual character level loss. This has also been removed in Pathfinder (this section is right after the previous quote).


text: Keith Urban! Shall I say more? He's a multiple Grammy winner, lots of hits, electrifying guitarist--both electric and acoustic, and handsome too! And married to Nicole Kidman. Oh, did I mention he's a country music artist that's bootlegging as a rock star (well, his music is on the rockin' edge)! I won't delay because at this time, we're borrowing COJO from Entertainment Tonight (ET). We'll see what would Cojo say about this Entertainment Tutorial (ETU). I couldn't imagine him saying anything less about these celebrities and their expressions. I hope you enjoy him and this tut. Now, over to you, Cojo!


text:
Case-hardened 15 tooth steel sprocket for F650. Fits F650GS (single), G650GS, G650X and Dakar, Funduro and Pegaso. The F650GS is originally supplied with 16T. This 15T reduces F650GS ratio by 6.25%, making the bike a little easier to ride in off-road situations without a great impact on highway performance. The easiest performance increase you can do - just exchange the sprocket, re-adjust the chain tension and ride! G650XChallenge original size is 15T.
No instructions are currently available for this product.


text:
The GFWC/Ohio Wintersville Woman's Club had a pioneering moment when it held its Jan. 17 meeting at St. Florian Hall in Wintersville.
It had as its guest speaker Corky Nosek, the Ohio GFWC president for a two-year term through 2014.
Only Nosek wasn't there physically in person. She delivered her program and engaged in conversation with the 53 members in attendance through the technology of Skype.
Article Photos
Marjean Sizemore, first vice president, holds a laptop that, thanks to Skype, enabled OFWC President Corky Nosek, shown on the screen, to be the club's January presenter.
-- Janice Kiaski
Linda Nolf, left, offers instruction to Kathleen Henry, center, and Jackie Davis on making bracelets as a service project.
--Janice Kiaski
Imogene Louk, left, and Eleanor Gache partner to work on the club's bracelet project.
-- Janice Kiaski
Club members and guests on hand could see Nosek on the big screen and hear her and interact with her, but she was speaking from the comfort of her home elsewhere in Ohio.
"We are the first club in the state to do this, so we are pioneering women," said Marjean Sizemore, the club's first vice president.
Sizemore not only introduced Nosek, who had made an in-person visit to the club during her first year in office, but she also had Nosek projected on the laptop computer screen so she could exchange greetings with the members as they arrived for the January meeting.
"I am really excited to be with you today, and thank you very much for being part of this pilot program," Nosek told the women as the program unfolded.
"You are the only club in the state that has done this, and maybe the only one in the country doing this," Nosek speculated.
The state president covered several subjects with the club, one of which is her theme. It's "One Person, One Change, Just Do One Thing." The idea is that clubwomen statewide can create changes in the world, their community, in the environment or in themselves by working individually or collectively to make just one sustainable, positive change in their lives.
When she first mentioned the initiative at state convention last year, Nosek said she had yet to decide on one for herself, a situation that changed in July when she read an article in her local newspaper about a farmers co-op program.
That inspired Nosek to become involved in it, which for her means not only supporting local farmers, eating healthy and helping the environment, but also by becoming a volunteer with the co-op.
"I am really excited with being able to come up with something meaningful to me," she said.
As for the virtual program, Nosek said it serves several purposes to use such technology.
"Of course you know what we are doing today is part of reducing my carbon footprint on this planet," she said.
And while it saves fuel, it is a help as well in the event of inclement weather disrupting travel plans. She hopes for feedback on how successful an option this is.
Nosek also addressed a new initiative introduced at the Great Lakes Region meeting to bolster membership. "Membership is the Sole of Federation - Who's Going to Fill Your Shoes" is a theme to encourage clubs to start a junior rep or collegiate club, for example, to recruit the next generation of women club members.
"If we are going to have people to fill those shoes of ours, I think it's really important, so I encourage all clubs to think about that," she said.
Another topic was the Gold Star Mothers Pilgrimage at the Shrine in Mohican State Forest in Loudenville. It honors military sons and daughters killed in action, and the ceremony is conducted on Gold Star Mothers Day annually on the last Sunday in September.
Nosek said the Gold Star Mothers group is not able to coordinate the event any longer. She asked if the Jefferson County woman's clubs with their vital working memberships would consider stepping up to the plate.
The late Shirley Mitchell of the Woman's Club of Steubenville had served as chairman of the trustees board for that, a position since filled by Stephanie Rouse as her appointment recently was approved.
The suggestion will be discussed by the clubs individually for formal action.
President Barb Thermes presided at the club's business meeting where Natalie Doty, second vice president, led in opening exercises. Thermes recognized Imogene Louk, who was the member featured in the club's most recent issue of the "ChatterBox."
Guests in attendance included Kathy Mills, president of the Woman's Club of Steubenville; Mingo Woman's Club representatives Sharon Cole-Isner, president, and Rouse, who also is a past president of the Mingo club; Karla Dolan, there with her mother, Linda Nolf; and Martha Alloggia, there with Lil Ferguson.
CarolynLee Barrett, recording secretary, read the roll call with this month's question being "Did you make a New Year's resolution?"
Most gave that one a "no," but there were some responses to the affirmative and a few "kind of" and "sort of" answers for good measure.
Barrett also gave the devotions on "How Great Is Our God!" and said grace.
Reports were given by Joyce Palmer, treasurer, and Linda Cipriani, corresponding secretary, who read several thank-you notes involving gratitude for the club's help with Holiday Splendor, the Ray Laman Christmas party, Urban Mission Ministries Christmas needs and food assistance to help benefit a food pantry operated by the East Springfield Junior Woman's Club.
Community service reports included:
SPECIAL CONCERNS: Nancy Hukill was advised of several members who needed cards of encouragement, thinking of you cards and sympathy cards.
ARTS: Donna Phillips and her committee will be visiting Indian Creek schools to work with them and their seventh-graders to obtain possible entries for the poetry and essay contests for state convention.
CONSERVATION: Pat Freeland reported that club members have collected 48 pounds of pop tabs, collecting $288 from this recycling effort. The money was given to the Ronald McDonald House in Cleveland.
She also encouraged members to recycle at home.
EDUCATION: Jackie Davis circulated a tally sheet for members to list a monetary amount for the school supplies they had brought to the meeting. Members were reminded to participate in the Book Nook.
INTERNATIONAL OUTREACH: Barb Whiteman, chairman, explained what the Heifer International Program entails. It aids families around the world to receive training and animal gifts that help them become self-reliant.
The club will provide $200 for chickens and seedlings. She also said the club will make arm bands for Operation Smile."
Under new business, Sizemore asked members to mark their calendars for March 23, the date of the Southeast District's Legislative Day which usually is held in Marietta. This year, however, the Wintersville club will host the event at St. Florian Hall.
Thermes reminded committee chairmen that year-end reports must be postmarked by Feb. 1.
Nolf helped the members work on a domestic violence project, making bracelets to be given to a GFWC state project at a teen conference to be held in Cleveland come spring.
The club's next luncheon and business meeting will get under way at noon at St. Florian Hall on Feb. 21. Sharon Maedke, director of the AIM Women's Center in Steubenville, will be the guest speaker.
Hostesses will be Ella Jane Burns, Sandy Adams, Margaret Gosney, Claudia Clevenger, Linda Cipriani and Margaret Frederick.


text:
What happened to the holiestofholys coloring book?
Someone posted a coloring book link from Amazon, and within a few minutes it's gone. It was legit, and there wasn't anything showing, not even an ounce of flesh.
it looked like a total hippie book with it's psychedelic colors on the cover. oh and it happened to be a coloring book of different holiestofholys.
but the only actual outline of one was on the Amazon link, where you see pics from inside the book. there was 1 and you saw an outline that you'd then color in. but you see it only if you click on the Amazon link and then look at that pic
is that taboo from posting?
15 Answers answer
A holiestofholys coloring book? I'm gonna say yeah, that's about as taboo as it gets...
@abramokids: really? because of the word? i bet someone could post a "have better sex" book and it's fine.
there wasn't a pic of a holiestofholys front and center.. i don't get it.. it's anatomy, pride, awareness, etc IMO
i've honestly seen more erotic pics on every single lingerie thumbnail
I'm not ashamed to admit I'd buy a holiestofholys coloring book.
@w00tgurl: I looked up the item on Amazon. While it doesn't bother me, and there's certainly nothing wrong with being aware of ones own body, deals.woot is a fairly safe-for-work environment (aside for the lingerie and whatnot) Most offices have a filter for words relating to sex and I think if someone is looking at that sort of thing at work, they may get in trouble. And the images are pretty detailed once you cross over. Also, I notice the auto-fill-in suggestion bar on amazon stops once you've typed "holiestofholys"
Didn't you know? There are KIDS on this site. They shop online all the time!
@w00tgurl: is there anyone above 8 years old who is not aware of holiestofholys?
also, "oh and it happened to be a coloring book of different holiestofholys." will be with me to the grave.
exactly. if you can move a mouse and can read, you know what a holiestofholys is. even if it's by nickname like hooha, girly part, down there, etc. if it's teens, let them consider buying it. why not?
i get the work filter for the URLs and all, but i've seen mods edit the post titles. so how about a change to say "the big V coloring book" and have the description text say what's in the book
@w00tgurl: You have the worst holiestofholys words.
All told.
Lovin' the edits of the real thing!
Biggest laugh of the day so far! Someone has edit skills. :)
color me confused ;) I got links for a Mormon coloring book.
Woot doesn't like religion now?


text:
Mod Squad
Is a sweater ever truly finished? If you're like me, the answer is no! I've been known to turn sweater failures into lower lumbar pillows, and to change buttons half a dozen times before I settle on a set. "Mod," short for modification, has become a knitter's shorthand for the changes they make to a pattern, either to suit their own style or their particular knitting preferences. These mods usually happen at the outset of a project, but recently, I made a few post-photo shoot mods of my own (and all without voiding the warranty ;))
Alska originally had a mock turtleneck style and simple metal buttons. In case you haven't heard, we're in the middle of one of the snowiest, iciest, coldest winters in recent history. This has me reaching for scarves and my most generous collars, like the one seen on Wordsworth, a sweater from last fall that I am still madly in love with. Cut to TNNA. I was in the JHB booth, admiring all their new buttons when I came across Nicky Epstein's new line, and a button called Dead King.
I knew what I had to do! As soon as I got home, I carefully undid my bind-off and studied the directions for the Wordsworth collar. Since the collar folds over, the directions are a bit unusual. You start by knitting two button bands and sewing them on (slightly stretched, as Norah recommends in our video tutorial). When the bands reach the collar, you transfer the stitches to a stitch holder. Then, you knit across these held stitches while you're picking up the collar stitches. If you're a bit forgetful like me, place markers to indicate where the button band stitches end and the collar stitches begin. Then you just knit the collar until it is…really long!! I did about 8″ of collar, keeping the button band stitches in 1×1 ribbing and the collar stitches in the mistake rib pattern.
Note, I knit the left button band in red, for a little peek of color. When I knit the collar, I switched to the main color. If you wanted to keep the red going, you could do a bit of intarsia or keep knitting it and sew in on as usual, but I wanted the clean look that knitting it all in one piece gave.
Taking another cue from Wordsworth, I finagled the top two buttons so they would face out when the collar is folded over. You might also notice that I put snaps underneath the buttons, a trick I like to use when I want the sweater to close securely.
I'm "done," but not really…as soon as I have time, I might add some afterthought pockets! Elizabeth Zimmermann makes it look so easy in Knitting Workshop…
Stay warm!
jen #
I looooove those "dead king" buttons! Definitely need to track them down. Great mods to the sweater.February 18, 2011
I have a few sweaters that I think are a bit dated and would love to transform them into something new. This a a great post that has inspired me! Thanks for the great links and having a great online mag!
http://needleshooksbooks.blogspot.com/February 27, 2011
Kmbold #
I was wondering if my production of "Nonpareil" cardigan with Blackstone Tweed was ever going to be finished. Today it is and, wonder of wonders, I love it. But what a bear. No real measurements given for the length of the front bands or the collar. (I need numbers!) Thanks to your tutorial I did leave the ends on a stitch holder to adjust them if needed. Your tutorial for sewing on the bands was a great help to prevent "bowing". The pattern placement of the buttonholes looked off-centered and I was wearing out the yarn trying to get it right, in spite of your online encouragement My solution: forget knitting them. With fear and trembling I sewed them by machine. Perfecto. Now I am knitting a lace tunic for my daughter. It is a grizzly bear! What is it about this addiction called knitting??April 7, 2011