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5 Cultures Whose Calendars Would Break Your Concept of Time
At the top of the list of the world's most crucial yet underappreciated inventions has to be the humble calendar. As annoying as the modern Gregorian calendar can be ("Why are the months different lengths? Why do we need a freaking leap year?"), it is worlds better than the others people have come up with over the centuries.
So let's sit back and appreciate the fact that we don't have to experience the utter chaos that is ...
#5. The Balinese Calendar of Mathematical Madness
The basic idea of a calendar is pretty simple: days follow the Earth's rotation, months follow the moon's cycle, and years follow the Earth's path around the sun. It all lines up in a nice, uncomplicated progression: Thor's Day leads to Freya's Day leads to Saturn's Day leads to Sun's Day, just the way Cthulhu intended. What more could you ask for?
Lars Zahner Photography/Photos.com
Decades based on fingers, months matching your menses? Got that, too!
Well, if you live in Bali or Java in Indonesia, apparently you can ask for a lot, and receive even more than you can handle. Their calendar is what chaos theorists masturbate to. Here's what a single calendar day looks like:
Sidarta Wijaya
Is that math up in the corner?
Each and every day in the traditional Balinese Pawukon calendar is the result of a ridiculously convoluted mathematical process. Instead of a simple week cycle of seven days, the Pawukon runs 10 different week cycles, all at the same time. The length of these weeks can be anywhere from one to 10 days, and they constantly overlap each other, because fuck your concept of time. The closest thing Pawukon has to a year is a period that lasts for 420 days, which is divided into two Pawukon cycles.
To recap: Every 420-day year consists of two 210-day Pawukon cycles with 10 different week systems running at the same time, and each day has up to 10 different names. Oh, and every day is also a week all by itself, except when it's not. This is, of course, defined by complex math equations.
John Moore/Getty Images News/Getty Images
Clearly, days in a year weren't the only 420 involved in the design of this thing.
Because things apparently can't be complicated enough for the Balinese, the Pawukon calendar also ventures far beyond mere day counting: It provides both detailed, Farmer's Almanac-style advice and a set of seemingly random prohibitions for each week. These temporary taboos range from cutting bamboo plants to fishing, and unless you can check them from a pre-printed calendar ... well, we're assuming somebody out there offers a six-year post-grad program in Understanding Balinese Calendars.
All right, so what happens when somebody goes the opposite direction and tries to make normal calendars nice and simple? Then you get ...
#4. The French's Ridiculous Metric System Calendar
via Antique Horology
During the most guillotine-happy era of the French Revolution, the revolutionary leaders decided to fix the "overly religious" and "outdated" Gregorian calendar by converting weeks, hours, minutes, and seconds to the glorious and orderly metric system. Who cares if it's not what the rest of the world uses? They'd just flat out convert every single time unit into decimals and throw the new system at the public, because whatever could go wrong? After all, it's not like the country had a huge civil upheaval to cope with or anything.
H. Rousseau
Spoiler: They sentenced the system's inventor to death. By guillotine, of course.
So, in 1793, this new French Republican calendar was introduced to the unassuming public. Just like that, French weeks were 10 days long instead of seven. Each day consisted of 10 hours, each of which had 100 minutes, each of which had 100 seconds. Oh, and the clocks now looked like this:
"I said more hands, dammit!"
But merely replacing the very concept of days and hours with new, arbitrary units of time wasn't enough for this revolutionary system: They also took away all the common names of the days and months, assigning them Roman numerals instead. When this move was met with nearly universal hate, a poet named Fabre d'Eglantine was hired to give the revolutionary months brand new, inspiring names. Unfortunately, d'Eglantine's poetic skills were on par with the organizational talent of the people who came up with the idea of the new calendar in the first place. The months soon sported wonderful, imaginative names such as "Snowy," "Rainy," "Windy," "Hot," and "Fruit."
D'Eglantine also named every single day of the year individually, with his trademark "pull a random word out of your ass and claim it's poetry" style. As a result, the poor citizens had to memorize 365 different weekdays, with names like "Pitchfork," "Goose," "Barrel," "Donkey," "Cricket," "Charcoal," "Copper," "Dung" (yep, seriously), "Maple Syrup," and goddamn "Plague." We're assuming that last one was the birthday of his ex-wife.
Jupiterimages/Stockbyte/Getty Images
Christmas was "Tuna."
Shockingly, not even d'Eglantine's laureate-level poetry could save the hopelessly clunky new calendar, which was already undermined by the little fact that the standard workweek was suddenly three workdays longer. The system was widely criticized for being sheer lunacy, and eventually banished after only, uh, 14 years of use.
Hey, speaking of ruining the workweek ...
#3. The Soviet No-Weekend Rotating Calendar
In 1929, the Soviet Union was desperate to boost its industrial productivity. After noticing that machines don't need to take breaks the way humans do, they devised a brilliant plan to keep factories running 24 hours a day, seven days a week, never stopping until the collective power of the organized proletariat would crush its rivals under its massive, mechanized boot. It was a fine plan, but there was one tiny problem: In order to make these never-stopping, never-failing factories run, the human beings manning the factories also had to function like cold, tireless machines. How would they solve this issue?
Joe Raedle/Getty Images News/Getty Images
No, not with literal workerbots. There was a steel shortage.
Why, with a shiny new calendar, comrade!
Thus the Soviet governing body introduced a thoroughly communist calendar system that ran a continuously rotating five-day work schedule. The days were numbered or color-coded; the workers were issued a number, and the day of the week that matched was their mandatory day off. This regular rotation of four work days and one rest day meant that 80 percent of the able population was working on any day of the week.
via History Today
Monday, Tuesday, Red Day, Blue Day ...
The cycle overlapped the standard Gregorian calendar on printed materials, but no one ever bothered giving it a solid week or month structure of its own. This made it easy for workers to lose track of time, as everyone's workweeks immediately spun crazily out of sync. This was further complicated by the fact that workers were issued their codes entirely at random, so families and friends were torn apart, as nobody had days off at the same time and there was no longer any such thing as a "weekend."
To say the system was problematic is to waste a perfect opportunity to use the word "clusterfuck." Industrial equipment couldn't handle a nonstop schedule. Worker efficiency and enthusiasm waned.
Smithsonian Archives
They invented TV but abandoned it when program lineups proved too confusing.
Yet somehow, the five-day week limped on until 1932, which is when the Soviet leaders came to their senses and brought back the calendar everyone was used to.
Ha, just kidding! They totally adopted an even crazier system: a standardized six-days-working, one-day-off scheme that was also ridiculously broken. Months consisted of five six-day weeks that still overlapped with the Gregorian calendar, but only worked with the months that were exactly 30 days. The other eight months required a set of special rules to deal with the odd days. This resulted in over 50 different patch schedules, which were unsurprisingly less than successful in fixing the problem.
By this point, workers were already so fed up that they'd just passive-aggressively take fake sick days whenever Sunday rolled around, regardless of what their indecipherable job schedules said. After a few years of this complete and utter chaos, even the Soviet leaders eventually understood that the system would never work. The calendar was abandoned in 1940, and nothing bad happened in Soviet Russia ever again.


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OK, I can hear you groaning "Here we go again", but I have not found the exact answers to my questions on the website or forum, and I would like clarification before I order.
I am mainly interested in taking 1-3 row horizontal panos, and 1-3 column vertical panos. Mainly landscapes, waterfalls and buildings.
I will be using a Canon 30D with 24-105mm lens and (rarely) 100-400 lens. Everything is fitted with Manfrotto QR plates to fit a 322 RC-2 head. Obviously, the 322 will have to be removed and the NN setup screwed onto the tripod, but that's just something to have to live with. Keeping the QR plates on the camera and lens is more important.
From looking at the website and forum, I think I need either NN5L or NN5, w/RD16, EZ Leveler II, and Quick Release Clamp.
My questions are:
1. Is the NN Quick Release Clamp compatable with the Manfrotto QR plates? The info says yes, but I just want to check. If not, when will the NN Quick Release System be back in stock?
2. Is there any real advantage for my type of work in having the NN5 instead of the NN5L? I imagine there is not, because of the longer focal lengths that I will be likely to use. But it is worth asking the question.
3. How is the camera mounted in landscape orientation when taking images for a vertical pano? Is an L-bracket required? What is the part number?
4. What is the expected lead time for delivery in Colorado?
Looking forward to you reply.
Best regards, ...David
(moderator edit: double post deleted )

subset: commoncrawl


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Conservatively Speaking
State Senator Mary Lazich (R-New Berlin) represents parts of four counties: Milwaukee, Waukesha, Racine, and Walworth. Her Senate District 28 includes New Berlin, Franklin, Greendale, Hales Corners, Muskego, Waterford, Big Bend, the town of Vernon and parts of Greenfield, East Troy, and Mukwonago. Senator Lazich has been in the Legislature for more than a decade. She considers herself a tireless crusader for lower taxes, reduced spending and smaller government.
Thursday, January 24, 2013, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) issued results of an on-going study about molybdenum found in Southeastern Wisconsin. Here is a link to information about the DNR's molybdenum study: http://dnr.wi.gov/news/BreakingNews_Lookup.asp?id=2636
The DNR has been studying the source of molybdenum in groundwater during the past two years after finding elevated levels in the Oak Creek/Caledonia/Mount Pleasant area. The DNR's goal was to be able to pinpoint the source of molybdenum. After two years of research the agency has not found the source. The DNR found molybdenum within Muskego and Franklin.
Here is a link to DNR information about molybdenum in groundwater: http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/Groundwater/molybdenum.html
Here is a link to Wisconsin Department of Health Services information about molybdenum: http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/eh/hlthhaz/fs/MolybdenumDrinkingWater.pdf
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Do you like your dishwasher?
so instead of spending ton's of money on each other this year, we're getting a decent dish washer for Christmas. $500 is about our limit, so i was looking but i am not sure about brands. i know most GE products aren't worth the materials they are made out of, but i have no idea which brand i should go for. anyone here have a mid range washer that they like for any particular reason, and if so, what are those reasons? I appreciate any feedback you guys can give me.
21 Answers answer
Nope. She's super lazy. Let's the dishes pile up in the sink for a few days, complains the whole time about how much she hates the dishes.
Did I mention I'm the dishwasher?
We have two. My wife and I make a great team washing the dishes ;)
It's actually been quite a while since I've had a dishwasher...I miss those wonderful contraptions. I'm convincing my wife that we'll need one for our new apartment that will be finished being built in Julyish.
By way of advice...for a couple years while I was in highschool, my mom tried out one of those smaller, more compact dishwashers to save some money and space in the kitchen...I wouldn't suggest getting a small one though. Even if you don't have big dishes now, you end up getting them, and we were constantly frustrated with fitting things into it.
We have a Maytag QuietSeries 300. We love it. We didn't want to pay for a stainless tub (big increase in $$$) but this was a better-than-average dishwasher feature-wise.
One feature I very highly recommend is a timer. We can throw everything in and set it to start in 0,1,2,3 hours as we like. Very handy for busy mornings when we tend to realize we need to run it but we've both already showered and hence there isn't much hot water left in the house.
Unfortunately, there was a recall on this model (which applied to several similar models of more than one manufacturer and was fixed for free); apparently some of them had an unfortunate habit of catching fire. Ours certainly never caught fire in spite of running at times when we're not home.
DoI like my daughter? I'm actually pretty fond of the little thing. Her upkeep is expensive, and she has a tendency to be a little loud sometimes, but she gets the job done eventually.
i got the model i could afford at the time. i will never ever buy another fridgadaire (sp) dishwasher again. when it cant get wet koolaid out of a glass cup that says something. then it started sticking about 2/3 of the way thru the cycle and running for 8 hours. when the repair guy said we were lying was the last straw. NEVER AGAIN. (is it wrong that i now want to break it enough that i will have to replace it?)
I picked up up the world's most basic diswasher to replace my dying 500-setting-machine from the 80s that came with the house. My new one has one dial, and one switch for the heated dryer. I picked it up for $150 at the Sear's Outlet Store. It is quiet, efficient, and does exactly what it's designed for. I'm not sure my dishes can get any cleaner than what this thing does, so I'm pleased.
I purchased my Bosch dishwasher back in 2005, zero problems seven years later and is still super quiet. Granted I paid $749 back in '05 for it but so worth it and will never buy another brand.
I had several, but parts kept becoming unavailable - so now I have a Kitchen-Aid (uses commercial parts, so they will always be available), so of course, it's never needed a repair (not for the last 10 years anyway)...
Just got a new Bosch. Love it. It doesn't have a timer (wish it did), but other than that it is great. I bought a slighly better model than the Ascenta (top pick from Consumer Reports) because it had a full stainless steel tub. It is very quite (but not completely silent, can't have everything) and gets the dishes very, very clean. A bit over your price range but not by much.
This is the Ascenta, the one rated #1 by CR
CR has BOSCH as the top 8 rated models. Wide range of prices. The 4 top rated are from the Ascenta line with top honors going to model SHE3AR7[]UC @ $600. Followed by Ascenta SHE3ARF[]UC (Lowe's) for $650, SHX3AR5[]UC @ $600, and SHX3AR7[5]UC @ $700.
Manufacturers fall in line as follows; Bosch, Miele, KitchenAid, Bosch. The separation in overall score between these three is only 3 points! Next come Kenmore, Bosch, Thermador, and KitchenAid. This should give you an idea of which manufacturers are quality.
our dishwasher is the overflow for the cupboards, like literally it takes more time loading/unloading/rewashing whatever food the dishwasher missed than to just grab the old sponge and go to town. I saw an article about Zeolite being incorporated into dishwashers, which if you haven't read or heard its like the best thing since sliced bread, anyways here is the article, http://www.dishwashersinfo.com/content/Bosch-SMU69U65EU-Zeolite-Dishwasher-First-Impressions-Review.htm
I have a Maytag and it is pretty good. It does have a stainless steel interior, which is nice, although it does get streaky. I run citric acid through it occasionally when I think it is getting build up on the heating coil and whatnot. Mine has a timer and sanitize and other good stuff but what it does not have is an element to heat the water to a hotter temperature. I should have made sure that it did. It is probably a good feature for anyone but when you live in an apartment and have no control over the not-very-hot water temperature, it makes a big difference.
I like my dishwasher very much. But I have good self-esteem.
@thumperchick: Totally stole my answer! :D
I like my Whirlpool when it works, but it's got a thermal fuse in the control panel that blows every once in a while that renders it useless until I spend another $20 to replace it.
If I didn't know how to do that myself I would have thrown the POS out a long time ago. And I've only owned it about 4 years.
I would avoid LG dishwashers. We had three issues during the warranty period. While all three were eventually covered they all took almost a month each to correct. The repairmen all complained about the lack of parts or the wait time for parts from LG.
thanks for the replies everyone. I'm going to have to avoid Maytag it looks like. I'm sure they are fine and i'd never have a problem, but i lost every possession i ever had in a fire back in 06 and when something like that happens the words "could catch fire" automatically runs me off. Glad someone mentioned LG, since i was considering them. We have LG washer/dryer combo and love them but i hadn't checked up on their dish washers. anyway, thanks again for the feedback
@ndcouch: I used to work for Sears Parts (the place you call to get warranty parts ordered). I'm a bit surprised to hear that someone had a problem with an LG appliance. They always seemed to be the good ones. I've heard nothing but good things about Samsung stuff though.
If you want to go for a budget brand, look at Hotpoint. The prices are decent, and parts are easy to find and relatively cheap.
Love my Maytag, purchased three years ago for under $500. Whirlpool Outlet online has great deals on appliances, FYI... that is where I bought the dishwasher. They do white glove delivery and sometimes they have free delivery and discounts.
@nws2002: Agree. My Kenmore washer has an LG part on it, which failed within 2 years. The Sears repair guy who came to our house felt so bad that he fudged the paperwork so we wouldn't have to pay for the new part/his service. We ended up installing it ourselves when it arrived. But yeah, was pretty pissed that something on a $1200 appliance could fail so quickly.
We bought a Whirlpool Gold Model xxxxxx two years ago and have no problems with the purchase. I put exes because model numbers change at least yearly.


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The Future of Inequality
According to the French economist Thomas Piketty, income inequality in the United States is now "probably higher than in any other society at any time in the past, anywhere in the world." The concentration of U.S. capital, as opposed to income, is not as great as in pre–World War I Great Britain—the world of the first season of Downton Abbey—but taking income and capital together, the United States is now about as unequal as Belle Époque Europe. Indeed, according to Piketty's data, we now take the laurels as the most inegalitarian nation in the world, and on current trends may soon become the most inegalitarian nation in history—this from a country that invented progressive income and wealth taxation and whose founding documents are a celebration of the common citizen.
In America, Piketty is best known for partnering with Berkeley's Emmanuel Saez to produce annual reports on the eye-popping income shares of the top-tier U.S. earners. He has devoted his career to studying the metamorphosis of wealth and capital over the past couple of centuries, and has now synthesized his research in an important book, Capital in the Twenty-First Century (Harvard), which paints a compelling, and scary, picture of the deep forces driving toward ever greater inequality in the modern world.
Piketty's historical focus adds power to his analysis of the trend toward greater financial inequality today. Through much of history, extreme inequality was the normal condition. In Jane Austen's England, the stock of capital (land, tools, livestock, houses, and anything else that could produce income) was between six and seven times annual national income, and its ownership was extremely concentrated. By the time of the first Downton Abbey episodes, the top 10 percent of British households held about 90 percent of all wealth, with 50 to 60 percent controlled by just the top 1 percent of households.
Between Austen's day and that of Downton Abbey, the nature of capital changed quite dramatically, with land declining in importance relative to industrial capital. But returns were remarkably consistent—over the very long term, capital returned about 5 percent annually. In both France and England, the wealthy grew accustomed to speaking of their annual returns rather than their wealth. Austen's Mr. Darcy was known to dispose of ₤10,000 a year, so Mrs. Bennett knew immediately that he had an estate worth an eyebrow-raising ₤200,000. Balzac's characters spoke in much the same terms, automatically multiplying income by twenty to estimate someone's fortune.
Although the data in the rest of Europe are not as complete as in England and France, that basic distributional profile seems to have obtained in all the advanced countries. Over the course of the nineteenth century, annual world economic growth was about 1.5 percent, although there was almost no inflation. Since populations were increasing, per capita growth was substantially lower. The stock of capital, however, was typically six to seven times bigger than annual national income. Almost all of that capital was held by the richest citizens, and earned steady 4 to 5 percent returns. Those returns, on such a large bolus of wealth, combined with slow economic growth, virtually guaranteed that the rich could only get richer, while the laboring classes were steadily immiserated. Marx got that part right.
For much of the nineteenth century, the United States was different. It was growing faster than almost anywhere else, and as a young country, its richest families did not yet command fortunes on the scale of the English and French grandees. Still, inequality of both wealth and income grew rapidly after the Civil War, and by the eve of World War I, the richest tenth of Americans controlled about 80 percent of capital, and the richest 1 percent controlled about 45 percent, not yet at the European norm but on a converging track. Still, the United States was considerably more egalitarian than France or England. Rapid economic growth and innovations like universal education ensured that labor was not falling hopelessly behind. In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, the ratio of capital to national income in the United States was only about four to one, and it took until the end of the 1920s to reach five to one.
The one-two-three punch of World War I, the Great Depression, and World War II destroyed the old regimes everywhere, along with much of their physical and human capital. In the wake of the Second World War, discredited oligarchies were swept away by socialist and other left-of-center parties. Confiscatory taxes were imposed on wealth, on estates, and on high incomes. Industrial and financial corporations were subjected to stringent regulation, while newly empowered unions gained fairer splits of business revenues.
The results were dramatic. The ratio of capital holdings to national income dropped from just under seven to one in both Britain and France to less than three to one, a tidal change. In the United States the change was more modest, from five to one to just under four to one, with the difference explained in part by the much greater physical destruction in Europe. As reconstruction got underway, very rapid growth further tilted the field toward labor. In 1950s France, high growth allowed workers to increase their share of the national income at the expense of the capitalists—a first in the record of post-Revolution France. The French still refer to the postwar era as the Trente Glorieuses, or the "Thirty Glorious" years.
It was also a golden age in America. For thirty years after the war, U.S. incomes moved in proportional lockstep: all five income quintiles enjoyed approximately the same rate of income increases, with a small advantage in the lower quintiles. Economists like Simon Kuznets and Robert Solow showed that balanced growth was a central tendency of the American economy. Barring catastrophe, the pattern of equitable division of the economic pie would continue indefinitely. And in America, more than in Europe, individuals of ability and grit could readily move up the quintiles—or move down if they didn't have the right stuff.
Then came the Thatcher-Reagan revolution. (Piketty speculates that both the United States and England, which still viewed itself as a world hyperpower, were shaken by the rapid modernization on the European continent and in Japan.) Whatever the reason, for two decades they moved in lockstep to strip away the postwar reforms that had reined in the power of the wealthy. Taxes on upper-bracket incomes, investment returns, and estates were drastically reduced. Financial regulations were gutted, and leverage soared.
Especially in the United States, ballooning executive pay drove the vast expansion in the wealth of the top 1 percent. Business spokespeople, of course, claim that the pay is merit-based. But there is no clear statistical relationship between pay levels and performance, and corporate pay outside the United States is typically far lower, without apparent negative consequences. France, Germany, and Japan have managed decent economic performance—although each has had its ups and downs, just as the United States has—while staying much closer to their postwar income distribution profiles.
Piketty proposes a number of reforms—most particularly a graduated annual tax on capital. Even an apparently low top rate, like 5 percent, would be highly progressive since the stock of capital is so much bigger than annual national income, and the same capital would be subjected to taxation each year. Realistically, there is no chance of such reforms, if only because the very rich so thoroughly outgun reformers in Washington, and because Congress itself is becoming a rich man's club.
But perhaps we can take heart from the experience of Jane Austen's England. The "rotten borough" system gave the stagnant land-owning class near-complete dominance of the British political system. It took a century, but a persistent reform movement steadily whittled away at the power of the great lords, until it was relatively inconsequential. One hopes that we can do better than that.
About the Author
Charles R. Morris, a Commonweal columnist, is the author of The Two Trillion Dollar Meltdown (Public Affairs), among other books, and is a fellow at the Century Foundation.
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The rising income and wealth inequality in the U.S. should concern all of us. But the causes of the gaps must be understood if we are to arrive at correct solutions. In the U.S., there is a high correlaton between low income (and low or negative net worth) and low literacy skills--even among high school graduates. In several surveys over recent decades, 23 percent of American adults were found to have low literacy skills--low enough to disqualify them the military and from most civilian jobs other than the most menial. Our compassion should lead us to correct the root cause of this problem, in order to afford far more of our citizens the many benefits that accrue with literacy skills. In fact, we sould be embracing radical approaches to providing literacy skills to current students and adults who, for whatever reason, did not achieve such skills while in school. Changing the tax code will dioes nothing to accomplish that. Let's get to the root causes of America's literacy problem, and solve it.
Thanks to Charles Morris for the summation of Piketty's findings and recommendations. And to J. Dunn for the emphasis on literacy. But higher taxes won't help? On the contrary, without including tax reform in the measures to help the declining portion of wealth going to the lower -income 90%, Piketty's prognostication will remain regrettably on target. There is a strong "trickle-up" trend built into the prevailing wealth system. Just this month, "OECD 2014" has come out with an analysis and recommendations that include several ways to alter taxes beside the unlikely 5% annual assessment on capital. Take a look at www.oecd.org/social/inequality.htm!
I think you are on to something here, but caution against monocausal presumptions and against presumption of unidirectional relationship between variables.
I'm 61 years old, have experienced significant downward social mobility in the past decade or so, and for eight years now have lived in a neighborhood peopled by the likes of your illiterates. I spend a great deal of time observing and listening, and see daily the reality of your insights. Lack of skills leads to withdrawal from economic life, indeed from a wider range of social life.
But I've sensed something I believe to be deeper. There is a real, felt sense, however unarticulatde, of not belonging in the economy, indeed in our society, that undercuts the desire, the motivation necessary for the attainment of skills. And here Piketty's analysis is apt as an expansion - indeed, as a corrective, I believe - of your insight.
Sure, we need to get at root causes. But I think you jump too quickly to the conclusion that you've reached the root. I think you're actually dealing with the base of the stem just as it emerges above ground. Piketty is touching upon what goes on underground.
Long ago, Ivan Illich explored the consequences of universal schooling. His concern was not with the upper reaches of developed societies, but with poorer populations, both in their native 'underdeveloped' lands and as immigrants. He concluded that universal schooling creates a new social class, the dropout. Because a consequence of 'dropping out' of school is a 'dropping out' of wider patterns of social exchange, including economic.
These are my neighbors, in this neighborhood that doesn't much matter to anyone. Skills such as you suggest are needed in order to belong, and to get along. But a prior sense that you belong is pretty key to undergirding the attainment of those skills.
You're welcome to set up a literacy shop on my corner, like good liberal missionaries have long done. Without reversal of some of the trends Piketty analyzes, though, I suspect that our cohorts of dropouts will continue to grow, your valiant effots at tutoring notwithstanding.
"... we now take the laurels as the most inegalitarian nation in the world, and on current trends may soon become the most inegalitarian nation in history—this from a country that invented progressive income and wealth taxation and whose founding documents are a celebration of the common citizen."
Question: what if the price of being the greatest, most prosperous, most free nation the world has ever seen is: inequality of wealth and income.
In other words, other civilizations might have been, or might now be, "more equal" at the cost of being less free.
I'll take U.S.
Our founding documents are not a celebration of the common citizen. That would be discrimination. They are a celebration of each and every individual citizen, period, aka "individual rights." This includes those citizens who make and keep a lot of money, and who did not steal to get it.
Lastly: the progressive income tax and other such schemes, especially the abandonment of the gold standard, fiat money controlled by government, and deficit spending to finance 'caring' by government, are the major CAUSE of out-of-natural wealth accumulation.
Given that the rise in inequality, wealth and income, has been top 5% (really top 1%) gaining with the bottom 95% stagnating and declining, it is hard to argue that low literacy skills of 23% of Adults is a major factor. It is like saying that, since there were 23% Adults with bad swimming skills on the Titanic, this had something to do with the high loss of life when it hit an iceberg. Being a bad swimmer just meant that they drown a few minutes before those who could swim well. Behind Dunn's analysis is the theory that incomes reflect productivity, and that the poor need to make better choices if they do not want to be poor. If the poor just studied harder we wouldn't have a rise in inequality Dunn seems to imply. While individual actions matter, the major changes in structural factors, most importantly the rise of money manager capitalism, with criminal enterprises (big banks and wall street firms) changing the rules so that they can capture wealth.
Our founding documents (and fathers) created a system to protect the wealth of citizens who did steal much of their wealth, natural resources stolen from the Natives and then stealing people from Africa and forcing them to work for no pay, thus stealing the value of their hard work. I would argue that the hostility towards the Federal government, especially in the south, goes back to the federal government freeing the slaves, thus taking away the property of slave holders. States rights has always been about keeping minorities and the poor in their place, as Mr Bundy has made perfectly clear.
Rising incomes (or wealth) among the top 1% does not of necessity cause the falling fortunes of the 16% now living in poverty in the U.S. Nor will a five percent tax on the capital of the 1% cure poverty. It will, to be sure, remove the wealth of the 1%, in approximately 20 years. Senator Huey Long proposed just such a redistribution in 1935, in the midst of the Great Depression. The Senator was at least honest enough to mention, in his speech, that there would have to be periodic (he proposed every seven years) new redistributions, since people would continue to make their own decisions about using their newly acquired wealth. Not everyone would make the wisest decisions about spending, investiing, etc. So, by the end of one year, surely by the end of six years, there would again be poor people, needing a new redistribution. A few questions:
1. Just how hard do you suppose the former "one percenters" will work, save and invest when they know that under the proposed Piketty plan the fruits of their work will be taken away at the rate of 5% per year?
2. Just how carefully will people save, invest, use that redistributed wealth of which they are the beneficiary, when they know they can get a new distribution every few years?
I believe, as Pius VI wrote in Populorum Progressio (No. 35) that, "When someone learns to read and write, he is equipped to do a job and to shoulder a profession, to develop self-confidence and realize that he can progress along with others...literacy is the first and most basic tool of personal enrichement and social integration; and it is society's most valuable tool for furthering development and economic progress." And i believe what Nelson Mandella said, "Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world." And I know, from William Bradford's account of Plymouth Plantation, that a society built on the premise of all working for the common good and with no chance of improving one's own fortune by hard work, economy, thrift, etc., will end up in collective starvation, as did the Pilgrims until they allocated plots that each settler could plant and harvest for his own family's benefit. I think it was Margaret Thatcher who observed that the undoing of socialists is that eventually they run out of other people's money. If redistribution really is at the heart of Piketty's plan, then I don't have to bother reading the book. Thanks for the review.
What about deficit spending on wars?
There has just been published how much annual income a small group hedge fund managers made last year.= $25 billion. They pay income tax of 20% called carried interest.. Last year it was 15% A good plumber pays 15-20% more than that percentage . .. and hedge fund managers have such extensive tax free expense accounts they pay a lot less than the listed annual income ... it maybe just 15%... Forget the illirerate not knowing something , even the graduate degree people don't have a clue about and why there is a 'carried interest' scam.
If we could get the hedge funds guys [and they are all guys] paying 30-39% just like the plumbers, would the right wing still call this income distribution? I bet $10 not one hedge guy ever served in uniform...
I guess my $ 10 bucks is safe as the top four have no military service.and I got bored checking.
but Griffin declared war on Leob though....so I guess tough talk is cheap..


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|Saturday 30 July 2016
Open Rhodes is a two-day orientation program for first-year and transfer students. Parents are welcome but not required. Some student sessions are open to parents, and each two-day program includes a parent/family track.
2013 Open Rhodes Dates: June 17-18, June 20-21, June 24-25, June 27-28 and July 1-2


text:
StompSun, December 9, 2012 - 2:00 PMZiff Ballet Opera House at Adrienne Arsht Center in Miami, FL
We are sorry, the date for this event has already passed. This event took place on 12/9/2012. Click here to view upcoming events for Stomp.
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Have a question? Need help? Call us at 800.477.5285


text:
I work on my PC all day, every day, even when I get home.
I am a programmer, theres no getting round it, and I love it!
But recently I have been having 'programmers block' or complete lack of 'want' to develop anything, I've just sat there staring into space not doing anything when I have so much work to do!
I've tried coffee, doesn't really affect me and I don't want to rely on it. Monster works a bit, but then I fall asleep after 10 mins of epic work.
Water doesn't really make much of a differece, I've tried getting out more, I go swimming twice a week! I get enough sleep!
What can I do?


text:
I have recently added several new users, that I need for qmail. Now they appear in the box in the login screen and clutter it, and I have to scroll to find my user. How can I hide those users from the login box?
Edit the file /etc/gdm/gdm.schema find the section that currently looks like this:
And to exclude a user called qmail for example add qmail to the default list so the section looks like this.
That will stop user qmail appearing in the gdm greeter. There used to be a nice GUI tool to do this but is has not been in Ubuntu for the last few releases.
The other alternative is to set the UID of the user to under 1000. Those are considered to be system accounts which are excluded in the GDM greeter too.
For newer GDM 3.X, old answers don't work, except for this one
Hacky but you can modify the user's id so they don't show in the list:
This works because users with id under 1000 are considered to be "system" users (i.e. not humans).
The only other way I know is to hide the list completely:
Elaborating on Gilles's comment to the accepted answer, here's what I believe is the current "best practices" (Gnome-safe) way to do this. This change will also be reflected in the Gnome "Indicator Applet Session".
This method is that one suggested in the docs at the GDM website, and though both the site and Gilles show the addition of "nobody" to the exclude, I wanted to make sure that it was clear this is actually necessary (despite what the manpages or online docs explicitly offer). I've tested this on a couple of 10.10 systems to verify repeatability.
All we need to do is to make on one-line edit to
If you have an existing
In the [Greeter] section of
Where "user1" and "user2" are the usernames or passwd file entries (e.g., qmail, squid, etc.) that you do not wish to show on the GDM "face browser".
Note : Under my version of Gnome/GDM (2.30), if you do not have "nobody" listed in the Exclude entry, then you will have a bogus login user
N.B.#2 : The non-display of accounts with UID's below 1000 is a configurable parameter. By default, the
I haven't tested whether the reverse setting, namely, that setting an
I wrote a script (gdm-greeter) this weekend. It works well on CentOS 6.2, I wonder if it will be useful for Ubuntu?
I'd have to agree that the most accepted answer here is close, but not dead on.
I just licked this problem myself, and the answer for me was to alter the following gdm.schema entry:
The effect of this is that all user-listing is disabled, which if I'm interpreting the original question correctly, is actually what the OP (gruszczy) was intending to do. This eliminates the need to craft a long line of excludes, as all userIDs regardless of UID number are excluded regardless once this setting is altered. I've personally applied this setting to 3 separate CentOS 6.2 servers at work that are occasionally accessed via XDMCP (using xrdp > vnc-server > xinetd > gdm > gnome) over RDP, which allows some of our less experienced Linux admins work on these systems with minimal training.
All of that said, while I do agree that an inexperienced sysadmin should learn from the beginning to work from a personal account (maybe with sudo access) rather than as root, if you have the experience to work with that account properly, there's no harm in doing so. Just make sure you know what you're doing before hand. In the case of my other sysadmins, I've added CentrifyDC for Active Directory support to all of these systems and configured the systems so that the AD-UserIDs can be used for desktop sessions while maintaining the user's AD Security Group rights. But personally, since I engineered all of these servers and have used Linux for over 15 years now, I think nothing of using root to speed things along. In fact, I tend to enable root on systems where it's been disabled just so that I can use that account and cut to the chase with getting things done. The main thing there, really, is just to make a habit of creating a backup copy of any file before you alter it. That will safe guard against most mishaps and allow you to recover the system should you perform an edit that would otherwise cause the system to become inaccessible (just boot to a live CD and fix up what needs to be fixed up).
IMHO, I believe that the mantra of 'never login as root' is really just there to protect the n00bie sysadmins from themselves. But if you reach a level of competence with Linux to the point where you can engineer a system from any Linux OS in a very short amount of time and it work every time, then there's no reason to live by the 'never login as root' mantra because by that point you're ready to handle the responsibility that comes along with using that account. This is especially true in environments that use CentrifyDC for AD support, because 'root' becomes the local sysadmin account and is (usually) enabled automatically. So, I find it best to cut to the chase and make the setting of the root account's password as one of the very first tasks I do on any deployment nowadays. Sure, I could do the whole 'login as my own ID, then sudo up', but I personally don't feel the need to do things that way. Your own mileage may vary...


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Shannon Wilburn | CEO, Just Between Friends
Tulsa, Oklahoma
In 1997, former Wildcat Shannon (McKnight) Wilburn and a friend had a crazy idea - they decided to host a consignment event with 17 of their friends. Shannon's goal was simple: She hoped to sell some of her children's clothes in order to purchase new clothes for her kids. Turns out, the idea was not so crazy after all.
I realize that the Lord has given me a unique opportunity in the marketplace and in media to provide a platform for His kingdom to break in. I never want to take that for granted.
Shannon and her friend sold $2,000 worth of clothing that day, so they decided to host another event and then another.
Today, Shannon is the co-founder and CEO of Just Between Friends, a national children's and maternity consignment franchise that has made Inc. magazine's list of the 5,000 fastest-growing companies and was named one of Entrepreneur magazine's Top 500 Franchises. In 2012, Just Between Friends was one of only 75 companies nationwide to receive the U.S. Chamber of Commerce's Blue Ribbon Award. In April, the company was featured in Kiplinger Magazine as "One of 8 Franchises Worth Buying."
The franchise system did $25 million in sales last year alone, Shannon says. "I love the fact that 60 to 70 percent of that goes back out into the communities in which we have franchises. I love how that number affects those that are participating; it's money in their pocket," she says.
Nationwide recognition
JBF has received national coverage from ABC News, Good Morning America, CNN, Headline News, Inside Edition and CNBC's The Big Idea. The company also has been featured in The Wall Street Journal, The Seattle Times, St. Louis Post Dispatch, Sacramento Bee, LA Times, Daily Oklahoman and broadcast outlets in more than 100 major cities across the country. Last month, Shannon filmed a segment for the Today Show that has yet to air.
"I can't believe that I get to wake up every day and do JBF," Shannon says. "I'm sure any entrepreneur would agree that there are good days and bad days, but you always have to hope and pray that the good days outweigh the bad. I often tell my franchisees that this is a feel-good business."
Shannon believes in the value of true community, thus she works hard to give back. Every JBF event helps support local non-profits. Franchisees have contributed more than $7 million to local communities.
Road to success
Shannon calls herself an "accidental entrepreneur." Because she has a degree in elementary education, she faced a stiff learning curve when she began her franchise in 1997. She offers this advice to budding entrepreneurs.
Shannon's road to success took her from Abilene to Tulsa, Oklahoma. While at ACU, Shannon studied elementary education her freshman and sophomore years. Then in 1990, she married Mitch Wilburn, who had just graduated from ACU, and the couple moved to Tulsa to work with the Park Plaza Church of Christ. Mitch is now senior minister at the congregation.
Shannon finished her education degree in Tulsa and taught for a year and a half year before joining the ranks of stay-at-home mom. From a desire to help supplement the family income, her business was born.
Shannon says she gained valuable insights during her time at Abilene Christian.
"ACU helped me to gain a perspective that there really is to be no separation between my spiritual life and secular endeavors," she says. "I realize that the Lord has given me a unique opportunity in the marketplace and in media to provide a platform for His kingdom to break in. I never want to take that for granted."
Purple and white legacy
Shannon's history with ACU runs deep. Her mother, Pamela Rhoads McKnight Willingham, and father, Douglas McKnight ('71) both attended the university.
"My mom quit to work to put my dad through ACU," Shannon says. "My twin sister, Tara McKnight Seidman ('92), and I were born while my dad was still in school. They told us that we both got passed around at the ACU football games when we were infants. My twin sister is married to Chris Seidman ('92), and they serve at the Farmers Branch Church in the DFW area.
"Sadly, my dad passed away after a 17-year battle with MS in 1998. My mom married Mike Willingham, who also attended ACU one year, and they have two daughters (now my sisters) who graduated from ACU: Melody Willingham ('05) and Shelly Willingham Jones ('94).
Shannon's sister-in-law, Susan Wilburn Newhouse ('95) and brother-in-law Jim Newhouse ('95) also graduated from ACU.
Shannon hopes the ACU legacy will continue with her own children, Jake, 18, and Ashton, 17.
"ACU provided us great relationships, ones that we still enjoy today, great memories and also a great legacy and love for the Lord that we hope will be passed on for generations to come," she says.
Learn more about Just Between Friends
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text:
My house was built in the early 60s, I have 4 circuits that are created by using 2 3 wire cables, each hot leg goes to a 120v breaker side by side in the panel. The neutral goes to the neutral buss. I don't see any way the breakers could have ever been tied together. The cables split up somewhere but with all the insulation in the attic I cannot see where the splits are. I'm replacing my entrance panel and have to install afci and gfci breakers so at the breaker I will end up short one neutral wire for each pair of circuits. Can I use a short piece of wire from the neutral buss or split the one neutral or will I have to re wire the circuits so each has its own neutral. I have the electric company comming Wed to shut of the power, I just noticed this wireing today while labeling the wires.
I think you are referring to a shared neutral/multi-wire branch circuit. These are commonly found in kitchens. They were and still are to code in many areas, but typically I believe their use is limited to kitchens.
You should run a new cable back to the breaker box. If you were to run an independent cable then it is possible for it to break independently of the rest of the cable, which would leave you with an open neutral which can cause all sorts of problems. Unless your cable branches from another box, you cannot just run a neutral from one box while the hot comes from another circuit. You have to run a new direct wire anyways, so why not just pull a new cable - it's just as much work as pulling a single wire.
If you do opt to keep the multi-wire branch, the breaker should be tied together so that there is not the possibility of one half being off and the other on (a possibly dangerous scenario if someone assumed the power was cut because one of the circuits did not test live). Likewise, if it trips because of a short, there is a good chance the other hot is close by and you want the second breaker to trip too.


text:
Setting the Bar
Leading the Way
Lori Fisler Damrosch
Professor Lori Fisler Damrosch seeks to engage a new generation of international law scholars
This past January, Professor Lori Fisler Damrosch traveled to Columbia's Global Center in Amman, Jordan. The expert in international law returned from the trip with an impressive plan in mind. Damrosch envisioned a major conference at the center that would bring together teachers, students, and practitioners of international law in the Middle East. She foresees experts analyzing crucial and timely topics, including how international law affects countries undergoing profound political transformation.
The idea took on a new dimension this spring when the American Society of International Law (ASIL) named Damrosch its president-elect. The yearlong position will be followed by a two-year term as the organization's president, and the conference, which will likely be held in 2015, will now also serve as one highlight of that time.
"I proposed taking advantage of Columbia University's network of Global Centers as a platform for cooperative activities between ASIL and partners in one or more of the areas where Columbia already has a presence," says Damrosch, the Law School's Hamilton Fish Professor of International Law and Diplomacy, and the Henry L. Moses Professor of Law and International Organization. "The Middle East presents significant opportunities for developing relationships in the field of international law."
Damrosch is particularly well positioned to understand the complex legal relationships at play in that region of the world. During the Carter administration, she served in the Office of the Legal Adviser at the U.S. State Department, working on many legal aspects of the crisis involving more than 50 U.S. diplomatic and consular staff held hostage in Iran until January 20, 1981. (The film Argo depicts an incident that occurred while the hostage crisis was in progress.) Her efforts during that time contributed to the creation of the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal, a groundbreaking international arbitral organization.
Now, as the next head of the ASIL, Damrosch aims to support and engage a new generation of international law scholars who can one day lead the way in resolving global crises.
"I would like the ASIL to sponsor curriculum development in international law at the undergraduate level," Damrosch says. "Many undergraduates are interested in international affairs, and many are interested in law, but as of now, very few colleges offer courses to draw these interests together." As a starting point for this new effort, she will call on the help of Columbia Law School graduates throughout the world who are currently teaching and practicing international law.
Even amid her new responsibilities, Damrosch remains engaged in legal scholarship on multiple fronts. Her most recent work focuses on how constitutional democracies control decisions to use military force, and how those decisions relate to international law. She has also spent the past 10 years serving as the co-editor-in-chief of the American Journal of International Law, the ASIL's quarterly publication that dates back to 1907.
As the forthcoming president of the organization, Damrosch joins the ranks of nearly a dozen Columbia Law School graduates and faculty members who have held the office—past ASIL presidents include two of her mentors, Oscar Schachter '39 and John Reese Stevenson '49. (Damrosch worked with Stevenson at Sullivan & Cromwell after her time at the State Department, and he encouraged her to join the faculty at the Law School.) She also takes over a position once held by beloved Columbia Law School professor, and founding scholar of human rights law, Louis Henkin.
"I hope that my time as ASIL's president will lay the groundwork to cultivate interest in international law among the generation coming of age in a globalized world," Damrosch says.


text:
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Delete that bloated snippets file you've been using and share your personal repository with the world. That way others can gain from your CLI wisdom and you from theirs too. All commands can be commented on, discussed and voted up or down.
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Site originally by David Winterbottom (user root).
We normally get tasks in which one has to sort a data file according to some column. For a single file say foo, we would use
sort -k 3 foo >tmp && tmp foo
The for loop is useful when we have to do it on a number of files.
The output is only partial because runtime dependencies should count in also commands executed via system() and libraries loaded with dlopen(), but at least it gives an idea of what a package directly links to.
Note: this is meaningful *only* if you're using -Wl,--as-needed in your LDFLAGS, otherwise it'll bring you a bunch of false positives.
cat WAR_AND_PEACE_By_LeoTolstoi.txt | tr -cs "[:alnum:]" "\n"| tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]" | sort -S16M | uniq -c |sort -nr | cat -n | head -n 30
("sort -S1G" - Linux/GNU sort only) will also do the job but as some drawbacks (caused by space/time complexity of sorting) for bigger files...
Find the source file which contains most number of lines in your workspace
This alternative cleans HISTTIMEFORMAT environment variable and calls gnuplot just after /tmp/cmds is closed, to avoid some errors.
Plot your most used commands with gnuplot.
Finds all files below the current directory.
Orders the result from smallest to largest.
Good for finding the largest files in the tree.
find OGG audio files on your *nix box and listen to them using your web browser
print members both in file1 and file2
Here's a version that doesn't use find.
with grep for em:name rather than name, you will get much better result.
count the times a domain appears on a file which lines are URLs in the form http://domain/resource.
Extracts ip addressess from file using sed. Uses a tag(ip) to grep the IP lines after extracting. Must be a way to just output regex matched on sed.
This provides a way to sort output based on the length of the line, so that shorter lines appear before longer lines. It's an addon to the sort that I've wanted for years, sometimes it's very useful. Taken from my http://www.askapache.com/linux-unix/bash_profile-functions-advanced-shell.html
1.) my profile ends with $USER not with .default
2.) only grep for the first occurrence because some extensions have the translated name also inside the install.rdf
first 10 big file
What was the name of that module we wrote and deleted about 3 months ago? windowing-something?
git log --all --pretty=format:" " --name-only | sort -u | grep -i window
Counts TCP states from Netstat and displays in an ordered list.
The same as the other two alternatives, but now less forking! Instead of using '\;' to mark the end of an -exec command in GNU find, you can simply use '+' and it'll run the command only once with all the files as arguments.
This has two benefits over the xargs version: it's easier to read and spaces in the filesnames work automatically (no -print0). [Oh, and there's one less fork, if you care about such things. But, then again, one is equal to zero for sufficiently large values of zero.]
If you use HISTTIMEFORMAT environment e.g. timestamping typed commands, $(echo "1 2 $HISTTIMEFORMAT" | wc -w)
gives the number of columns that containing non-command parts per lines.
It should universify this command.


text: Dial-Up Internet AccessAtlanta Internet Consulting offers dial-up access for metro Atlanta and surrounding areas at $19.95/month for unlimited access (not to be used as a dedicated connection). If you are in an area which can dial the 678 area code locally, let AIC be your ISP! To sign-up for service, you can call 678-947-8139 or visit our online sign-up section.


text:
Video: Tags: geologists
A tag is a word or phrase that helps you find video clips with similar content. View all tags »
Displaying 1 result.
Stan's Pastry Shop, Geode Fest & Keokuk National Cemetery, Keokuk, Iowa (#403)
If you're a rock hound or a civil war buff Southeast Iowa is the place for adventure. Plus Dan Kaercher found there's a great stop for a sweet treat. 07:17
Displaying 1 result.
Video Collections
Iowa's Simple Pleasures with Dan Kaercher
Dan Kaercher, founding editor-in-chief of Midwest Living magazine, travels Iowa in search of hidden treasures and out-of-the-way places for Iowans to visit and explore right here at home.


text:
Is the code written in Japanese? Are filenames in English? What about like a C preprocessor? Is that still in English? Are comments in Japanese?
Examples would be nice too.
Is the code written in Japanese? Are filenames in English? What about like a C preprocessor? Is that still in English? Are comments in Japanese?
Examples would be nice too.
closed as not constructive by Mason Wheeler, ChaosPandion, ChrisF♦ Feb 10 '11 at 22:17
As it currently stands, this question is not a good fit for our Q&A format. We expect answers to be supported by facts, references, or expertise, but this question will likely solicit debate, arguments, polling, or extended discussion. If you feel that this question can be improved and possibly reopened, visit the help center for guidance.If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
As someone who has programmed in Japan. I can honestly say that I have seen code in all forms. Most of the cleaner code that I have seen that was intended to be supported only by Japanese programmers had all of the comments and documentation in Japanese.
As for some of the horrendous code that I have seen, I remember seeing Java and (I believe) VB code that actually used kanji or katakana for variable names.
That aside, code tends to look like this
As for a C preprocessor, I have no idea.
In practice, most programming languages in active use outside of the US use keywords that resemble English, but it's important to realize that for the most part those of us who write code as native English speakers aren't really writing in "English", either.
There are a few dozen languages that actually support non-ASCII-range keywords and these are often designed to reduce the cognitive friction for non-English speakers trying to learn programming.
Additionally, some older implementations of languages that translate code into tokens (not true compiling), can spit out the same code in an editor using the, say, German equivalent; my first experience with Microsoft Office's VBA was like this when I was a student in Germany.
Many English-like programming languages, including C#, Java, and others, now allow variable names and method names in Japanese, as long as the source code is encoded in UTF-8 or another suitable encoding. It wasn't common to have even comments in Japanese in C, however, unless you were using a compiler that supported Shift-JIS or Unicode. String literals in C were almost always escaped using the literal encoding method unless you had an external resource file format to work with, as in Visual Studio.
In practice, many programs written by Japanese teams that don't expect to require maintenance outside of Japan are written with comments or javadoc/docstrings/etc. in Japanese. My wife generally writes code with a sort of Japanese-like English, using terms that didn't necessarily match my own use or understanding of English ("regist" for "post" or "story", regist_date for publication date), and occasional comments in Japanese or Janglish.
Most programs that have an international community around them, that originate in Japan, use some form of English naming convention. See, for example, Matz' source code for ruby.


text:
Supporting Materials
Guided Reading: The Romance and the Reality
This article was published in The Reading Teacher Vol. 66 Issue 4 Dec 2012 / Jan 2013. In this article Fountas and Pinnell examine the growth and impact of guided reading, small group teaching for differentiated instruction in reading that was inspired by their early publications. Guided reading has shifted the lens in the teaching of reading to a focus on a deeper understanding of how readers build effective processing systems over time and an examination of the critical role of texts and expert teaching in the process. In this article Fountas and Pinnell realize that there is always more to be accomplished to ensure that every child is successfully literate. The exciting romance with guided reading is well underway, and the reality is that continuous professional learning is needed to ensure that this instructional approach is powerful.
The Critical Role of Text Complexity in Teaching Children to Read
In this downloadable white paper by Fountas and Pinnell they examine several factors that, according to research, make a difference in students' literacy learning. Each factor is highly related to the selection and use of texts in classrooms, including books for whole-group instruction, small-group instruction, and individual teaching.
Recently text complexity has gained more attention. The importance of text complexity, along with the suggestion to employ "close reading," has been recognized in the Common Core State Standards (2010) and in numerous, often conflicting, interpretations. Fountas and Pinnell believe that students should have numerous opportunities to engage with complex, grade-appropriate fiction and nonfiction texts in both whole-class and small-group settings and that students need to comprehend these texts in a deep way.
Instructional Level Expectations for Reading
The F&P Text Level Gradient—Revision to Recommended Grade-Level Goals
This downloadable white paper lays out the rationale behind our recent decision to make minor adjustments to the recommended grade-level goals on the F&P Text Level Gradient.
Fountas and Pinnell have designed a general Instructional Level Expectations for Reading chart to demonstrate the recommended goals for each grade level. However, based on your school/district requirements and professional teacher judgment, decide whether the updated Fountas & Pinnell Recommended Grade-Level Goals (rev. 2012) on the F&P Text Level Gradient fit your needs as a district. You may decide that the Fountas & Pinnell Recommended Grade-Level Goals (2009) fit your situation better. Either way, you can continue using the Guided Reading section of The Continuum of Literacy Learning (©2011), as no changes to the text characteristics or the behaviors and understandings associated with each Fountas & Pinnell level have changed.
- F&P Text Level Gradient
- Instructional Level Expectations for Reading, 2009
- Instructional Level Expectations for Reading, 2012
- Text Level Ladder of Progress 2012
Leveled Literacy Intervention (LLI) & Benchmark Assessment System (BAS)
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text:
Sandy Marcus
From: Beyond Cancer: an anthology of visual and written art (Barbara Brownstein, editor) Healing Arts Program at Cancer Lifeline, Seattle, Washington, 2002
A winter's sun climbs
One hundred temple steps
I follow behind.
After chemo hour
My son buys nausea meds
And one fragrant rose.
Cloudbanks break open
Waves of yellow daffodils
My body dances toward light.
Underneath the scars
Wildflowers blossoming
Random happiness
Three stalks of bamboo
One candle burning softly
Slow deep breath of now.
Iridescent dawn
Poplar trees brushing skyline
My arms embrace life
Lessons Learned from Cancerby Bob Riter
December 17, 2015
3 Great Reasons To Have Gratitude On Your Cancer Teamby Marlys Johnson
July 25, 2016


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OPD, feds team up for big Oakland crime sweep
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OPD, feds team up for big Oakland crime sweep
Hinckley Release Worries Agent Shot With Reagan
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OPD, feds team up for big Oakland crime sweep
Oakland police, along with other authorities, take over a dozen violent criminals off the streets in a pre-dawn sweep.
0:53Now watching Up next
Hinckley Release Worries Agent Shot With Reagan
Former Secret Service agent Tim McCarthy says 'I hope they're right,' when asked about the decision to release John Hinckley Jr., the man who shot Ronald Reagan in 1981. McCarthy, now a police chief near Chicago, was wounded in that shooting. (July 29)
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Katy Perry performs at DNC; Mary J. Blige files for divorce from husband of 13 years; Harrison Ford takes teenage passenger on flight. (July 29)
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Here's the latest for Friday, July 29th: Hillary Clinton accepts nomination; Two San Diego police officers shot; More than 200 migrants rescued off Italy; Pope visits Auschwitz.
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Speaking as he received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, Michael Keaton praised friend Michael Jordan for donating $2 million to address police-related shootings. (July 29)
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CADIZ - Harrison Community Hospital has joined Ohio State University's Wexner Medical Center stroke telemedicine network, bringing rapid access to advanced stroke care to the community, according to officials.
OSU's Wexner Medical Center is the hub for the stroke telemedicine network, which is funded by a $265,000 grant from the Ohio Department of Health.
When a suspected stroke patient arrives at the Harrison Community Hospital emergency department, a "stroke alert" is activated at both the OSU center and Harrison Community Hospital, which mobilizes a team of stroke experts who, through the use of telemetry and real-time testing and patient interview, can help the care team at Harrison Community Hospital determine the best treatment option for the patient, according to officials.
Article Photos
NEW HARDWARE — Dr. Sirapurapu Prasad, left, internal medicine physician at Harrison Community Hospital, and Kevin Milligan, assistant administrator at the hospital, show off some of the hardware they use as part of Ohio State University's Wexner Medical Center's stroke telemedicine network. -- Contributed
Research published in the Sept. 14, 2011, issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology, suggests that telestroke is cost-effective for rural hospitals that don't have a neurologist or stroke specialist on staff around the clock and provides greater access to the clot-busting treatment, tPA.
OSU's stroke team, which includes critical care physicians and vascular neurosurgeons, is available any time, day or night, officials said.
The window of time for successfully treating stroke victims is brief, usually less than three hours. Doctors believe the use of real-time technology will save more lives in rural areas of the state.
Terry M. Carson, FACHE, chief executive officer at Harrison Community Hospital said, "We are delighted to be able to introduce this quality program to the citizens of our community. To have access to advanced stroke technology in such a rural environment is a wonderful addition as we strive to bring medical upgrades to our area."
As a primary stroke center in the state, the OSU Wexner Medical Center was the first academic medical center in Ohio to go live with telestroke and the first health system in Ohio to extend its network beyond affiliate hospitals.
"Telestroke will allow us to bring the specialized stroke expertise to the bedside at Harrison Community Hospital in a fast and efficient way," said Dr. Michel Torbey, medical director of OSU's Wexner Medical Center's Neurovascular Stroke Center.
"By collaborating with other hospitals, we come together to offer the best system of care to a stroke patient," says Dr. Eric Sauvageau, surgical director of the Wexner Medical Center's Neurovascular Stroke Center.
"Cooperation among the hospitals allows stroke patients to be treated beyond the regular timeframe using advanced tools to dissolve or remove clots that cause stroke and reverse the symptoms."
OSU's Wexner Medical Center is a nationally certified stroke center as designated by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations.
In addition, OSU's neurology and neurosurgery program is ranked by U.S. News & World Report magazine as among the best in the country.


text:
endpoint.tv Screencast - Spike on Workflow Managed Email Verification
- Posted: Sep 02, 2009 at 3:57PM
- 51,201 views
- 4 comments
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Nice idea to show something that a lot of web apps will have, but probably don't currently leverage WF for. I also like the idea of the static method to remove any of the WF "plumbing" from the main code.
Really don't like your test though. Having the SmtpClient and the file system as a dependency is pretty nasty in my book. Although you probably kept it that way to make sure you didn't over complicate the demo, I think it's worth pointing out that's probably not a very "good" test for the real world
Personally I'd create an ISendService, add an ISendService public property to the CodeActivity (defaulting to a concrete version that uses SmtpClient) and add another overload to Invoke to accept an ISendService. You can easily then create a fake in your test (statically or dynamically) that makes sure the "Send" method is executed correctly without taking on any other dependencies.
Like I said, it probably over complicates this demo, but I thought it was worth pointing out
Sure - I agree that writing a file during a unit test, creating directories etc is a little icky. :=0
No wonder they call you Grumpydev...
Lol, I'm well and truly self-titled
It is good to see samples like this. We recently had a WF4.0 talk at the user group I run and it really made me ask myself why the hell we weren't looking at using it in almost EVERY app we were writing. Even for relatively simple tasks like email verifications, having WF handle reminders, flagging of unactivated accounts etc is just so much less hassle to implement, and even more of an advantage if those rules need to change.
Your unit test still stinks though
This video will be great if you don't dig into detail of Testing & SMTP's.
Comments have been closed since this content was published more than 30 days ago, but if you'd like to continue the conversation, please create a new thread in our Forums, or Contact Us and let us know.


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Our Readers' Top Summer Recipes (Slide 15)
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Recipe: Peach & Blueberry Cobbler
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Country Potato Salad
This updated picnic potato salad gets subtle flavor from smoked ham. If you can find them, small, th…View slide
Baked Parmesan Tomatoes
A sprinkle of Parmesan and a drizzle of olive oil transform tomatoes into the perfect side dish. Or …View slide
Barbecue Pulled Chicken
This BBQ pulled chicken recipe is a fanciful reinterpretation of pulled pork that slow-cooks chicken…View slide
EatingWell Deviled Eggs
Deviled eggs are a perennial potluck favorite. Our recipe replaces some of the egg yolks with nonfat…View slide
Wake-Up Smoothie
With a stash of berries in your freezer, you can jump-start your day with this nutritious, tasty smo…View slide
Bev's Chocolate Chip Cookies
EatingWell reader Beverley Sharpe of California contributed this recipe. She updated a favorite trea…View slide
Seven-Layer Salad
This makeover of a Midwestern classic tops layers of lettuce, peas, bell pepper and tomatoes with a …View slide
Oven-Fried Zucchini Sticks
Our oven-baked zucchini sticks taste every bit as good as their deep-fried brethren with only a frac…View slide
Creamy Potato Salad
Tossing potatoes with a little good vinegar while they are still warm infuses them with flavor. Cape…View slide
Roasted Corn, Black Bean & …
This simple, fresh-tasting salad adds delicious variety to grilled foods, such as salmon, halibut, c…View slide
Summer Vegetable Crêpes
Crêpes aren't just for dessert—they make a quick and savory weeknight dinner. Here they're filled…View slide
Creamy Avocado & White Bean…
White beans mashed with ripe avocado and blended with sharp Cheddar and onion makes an incredibly ri…View slide
Zucchini Rice Casserole
We pack extra vegetables into this cheesy baked rice casserole. Plus we substitute brown rice for wh…View slide
Chopped Greek Salad with Ch…
Chicken turns this Greek-inspired salad into a substantial main course. Feel free to substitute othe…View slide
Peach & Blueberry Cobbler
This is a healthier version of a traditional cobbler, with canola oil in place of some of the butter…View slide
Grilled Eggplant & Portobel…
Looking for a vegetarian option for your next cookout? This grilled eggplant and portobello sandwich…View slide
Mexican Coleslaw
Enjoy this crunchy, refreshing alternative to mayonnaise-based coleslaw on a taco or on the side.…View slide
Garden Pasta Salad
This lightly dressed pasta salad gets lots of flavor from kalamata olives and basil. A colorful mix …View slide
Grilled Fish Tacos
Instead of deep-frying the fish for these fish tacos, we coat the fish with a flavor-packed chile ru…View slide
Japanese Cucumber Salad
This Japanese inspired cool, crisp salad is as elegant and well balanced as it is simple.…View slide


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I wanted to come up with a few examples of rings of fractions $S^{-1}R$. Can you tell me if these are correct:
1.Let $R = \mathbb Z$, $S = (2 \mathbb Z \setminus \{0\}) \cup \{1\}$. Then every $[x] = \frac{r}{s} \in S^{-1}R$ consists of the elements: $[x] = \{ 2x, \frac12 x\}$. The ring homomorphism $f: R \to S^{-1}R$ is injective since if $f(r) = [\frac{r}{1}] = [\frac{r^\prime}{1}] = f(r^\prime)$ we have $2k r = 2k r^\prime$ for $2k \in \mathbb Z$ and since $\mathbb Z$ is an integral domain, $r=r^{\prime}$.
2.Now let $R=\mathbb Z / 12 \mathbb Z$ and $S = \{1,2,4,6,8,10\} = (2 R \setminus \{0\}) \cup \{1\}$. Then $f: R \to S^{-1}R$ is not injective since $f(6) = f(3)$.
Are there more interesting examples where $f: R \to S^{-1}R$ is not injective?


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EPA is preparing for promulgation under Clean Air Act 111(b) emission standards for new MWCs and, under 111(d), emission guidelines for existing MWCs. The standards and guidelines will apply to MWCs with a capacity to combust 35 or more Mg of municipal solid waste per day. This report updates "Economic Impact of Air Pollutant Emission Standards for New Municipal Waste Combustors," EPA-450/3-89-006 (August 1989), "Economic Impact of Air Pollutant Emission Guidelines for Existing Municipal Waste Combustors," EPA-450/3-89-005 (August 1989), and "Regulatory Impact Analysis of Air Pollutant Emission Standards and Guidelines for Municipal Waste Combustors," EPA. October 1989. This update describes baseline projections of MWCs, economic analysis methodology, national costs and emission reductions attributable to the standards and guidelines, the sensitivity of costs to assumptions about capacity utilization and about materials separation requirements, and how the standards and guidelines may change communities' choices of waste disposal technology.


text: I am out of the office until 17/02/2014. Note: This is an automated response to your message "Re: [swish-e] Want to use Swish-e perl module on windows" sent on 2/11/2014 4:54:56. This is the only notification you will receive while this person is away. This message and any attachments are intended for the use of the addressee or addressees only. The unauthorised disclosure, use, dissemination or copying (either in whole or in part) of its content is not permitted. If you received this message in error, please notify the sender and delete it from your system. Emails can be altered and their integrity cannot be guaranteed by the sender. Please consider the environment before printing this email. _______________________________________________ Users mailing list Users(at)not-real.lists.swish-e.org http://lists.swish-e.org/listinfo/usersReceived on Tue Feb 11 2014 - 04:02:12 GMT


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PETRELLA, Mary Josephine, 56, of Mingo Junction, Ohio, passed Wednesday, November 21, 2012 at home.
She was born in Steubenville, Ohio on August 2, 1956, a daughter of the late Louis "Gino" Daniel Petrella and Marjorie Jurasko Petrella.
Mary Jo was a teacher, serving 30 years with the Indian Creek School District; a member of St. Agnes Catholic Church, Indian Creek Education Association; Ohio Education Association; National Education Association; Women's Auxiliary of the American Legion; 1974 Steubenville Catholic Central graduate; Graduate of the University of Steubenville; truly enjoyed organizing and directing the second grade Christmas Performance for many years at Hills Elementary School.
In addition to her parents, she was preceded in death by her fiance Ron Anderson in 2004.
Mary Jo is survived by her sister, Judith Petrella Desmond (Michael) of Palm Beach Gardens, Fla.; nephew, Daniel Louis Desmond of Palm Beach Gardens, Fla.; companion, Bo Nameth; and many cousins and friends.
Friends will be received Monday 3-8 p.m. at Blaschalk-Wilson Funeral Home, 115 Union Avenue, Mingo Junction, Ohio, where vigil service will be held at 7:45 p.m.
Mass of Christian Burial will be celebrated Tuesday, November 27, 2012 at 10 a.m. at St. Agnes Catholic Church, Mingo Junction, with Rev. James M. Dunfee as celebrant.
Interment will follow at Mount Calvary Cemetery, Steubenville, Ohio.
In lieu of flowers, Memorial Contributions may be made in Mary Jo's name to: Hills School, 707 Wilson Avenue, Mingo Junction, Ohio 43938.
Offer online condolences at www.wilsonfuneralhomes.com


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Naperville, Ill. -- OfficeMax today announced it is extending support to the thousands of people still without electricity by providing free in-store charging stations, fax, scan and email services to help those affected by Hurricane Sandy stay connected and get back to business. The retailer also partnered with nonprofit AdoptAClassroom.org to launch the Hurricane Relief for Teachers (HuRT) program to help restore damaged classrooms along the east coast.
Now through the end of November, OfficeMax stores through all of New Jersey and Connecticut, as well as select locations in New York and Pennsylvania are providing free in-store services to aid local communities in the recovery process.
Services include:
"East coast communities impacted by the hurricane are struggling to recover in light of the broad damage, power outages and devastation Hurricane Sandy brought, and as a local member of these communities we want to help," said Ravi Saligram, OfficeMax president and CEO. "Whether it's providing a warm place for customers to charge their phones or helping people to submit their insurance claims from hurricane damage, we want to be a part of the recovery process."
OfficeMax also helped AdoptAClassroom.org launch HuRT today with an immediate $10,000 donation, which the nonprofit is channeling directly to teachers across affected states to help them purchase materials for temporary classrooms where schools have been shuttered.
In addition to the $10,000 donation, now through Nov. 16 OfficeMax will match every dollar – up to $15,000 – that is donated at checkout counters of all its retail locations nationwide or through AdoptAClassroom.org/HuRT.


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More than a decade and a half ago, I have a recollection of a friend coming to school one day with a small book which was an early Magic the Gathering RPG. I recall that it was about being a planeswalker and some other minor details. I can't for the life of me remember anything more about it, or find it on ebay. Does anyone know anything about this game? My interest is simply for nostalgic reasons.
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If your timing is right, and your terminology close, then what you might have seen is an Everway sourcebook. Everway was a card-based roleplaying game released by Wizards of the Coast concerning people known as spherewalkers who can journey from world to world. It could easily be mistaken for a Magic: the Gathering RPG.
To be clear, however: no official Magic RPG exists, or has existed. Wizards of the Coast's marketing department has enforced a strict silo between the TCG and RPG development divisions.
EDITED TO ADD: Ryan S. Dancey has, on Reddit, posted what can be seen as a comprehensive supplement to this answer.
Other Wizards of the Coast employees chime in on his Facebook page.
Times certainly have changed. Here's an official writeup of Zendikar as a D&D setting, straight from Wizards of the Coast. And here's one of Innistrad.
There was a WotC published rulebook for MtG, which was rather scarce. I think I still have one or two copies lying around. It could be mistaken for a roleplaying manual.
There also were some early books published (The Arena) which had a mail-off coupon for free card(s). Which were written as novel(s), but could be viewed as a roleplaying sourcebook.


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West Edmonton Mall is pleased to offer Ticketmaster services at our Guest Services location on Level One, Phase II, near Galaxyland's main gate. Ticketmaster is the world's leading ticketing company, operating in 20 global markets. Visit Ticketmaster to puchase or pick up tickets for your upcoming event.Payment Details: Cash, Debit, VISA, MasterCard, American Express 8882 170 Street
Edmonton, AB


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In an ongoing fight over employee classification, Uber just lost another legal round via a ruling in California. » Read More
Family-owned businesses are the original mom-and-pops of Main Street, and they're feeling optimistic in the new year, according to new data.
Seeking a corporate world alternative, more millennial women are launching ventures in the start-up space that's dominated by male founders.
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Crumbs says it is shuttering all its stores, a week after the struggling cupcake shop operator was delisted from the Nasdaq.
US small businesses increased hiring in June, adding to signs the labor market is strengthening, the National Federation of Independent Business said.
U.S. small businesses boosted borrowing for a third straight month in May, according to data released on Tuesday.
Storefront pairs online retailers with temporary storefront locations, like boutiques, for "pop-up" experiences.
More businesses are ditching paper checks, and turning to mobile payment technologies such as Stripe and Square.
Embracing failure has rapidly become the norm at start-ups, but some think this "failure fetish" might have gone too far.
Europe's top tech entrepreneurs reveal to CNBC what their best advice is for their fellow entrepreneurs on how to get funding and seek investors.
American female entrepreneurs are the most content and active compared to 24 other developed economies, according to new data.
Discussing the challenges small businesses face to grow, and the difficulties in finding a skilled workforce, with Madelyn Alfano, Maria's Italian Kitchen president, and Matt Tyler, Vickers Engineering CEO.
Some S&P 500 companies in conservative states already are managing weather shifts, according to a new report. Inside the climate change fight.
Paul Donovan, global economist at UBS, says the global economic fundamentals are very favorable to large, listed companies, less so for the small business sector.
For all the challenges facing U.S. start-ups and small businesses, they seem to be better off than their counterparts in the developed world.
Mom-and-pop shops on Main Street are disappearing at an alarming rate in a world of Wal-Marts. Can anything save them?
Small-business owners are keeping a cautious approach to running their companies even as they grow more optimistic, a banking survey shows.
Colorado lawmakers approved the first financial system for the marijuana industry, a network of uninsured cooperatives that allow banking services.
In a twist on "Made in USA," more small to mid-sized U.S. businesses are making and exporting goods as part of their growth strategy.
From cupcakes to cronuts, foodies love food trends. The latest hipster food fad to emerge is artisanal toast. We kid you not.


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I'm trying to decide between a paid game and a free to play game. Is there research on the pros and cons of each one. I would really appreciate some concrete data on this and not just opinions. This is for mobile (currently iOS with Android later) game.
There are quite a few resources to refer to. First thing to note is that 93% of the top 100 grossing games use in-app purchasing so that by itself means something. Here is a research by flurry showing the dominance of in-app purchase dominance as a monetization model for mobile games. This is from about a year ago and the trend became stronger since:
Part of the reasons why free 2 play works well:
On the flip side - you should keep in mind that Virtual goods requires more effort to develop and optimize and you should probably invest some time reading game design resources that deal with building virtual economies. Here are some resources on that:
Still working on getting you more resources and will edit that in shortly.
It depends on the game you are trying to make, the decision is made before the game is made not after. F2P that involves micro transaction and monetization is integrated into the game design, does your game use boost to speed up game progression? does it offer something new and rewarding to the players after purchasing parts of the game, if you design the game using F2P model then the revenue model is naturally F2P.
On the other hand if you design your game with tradition content, levels or expansion it is naturally fit for one purchase. Some time this can work well for small projects especially if your game doesn't concern player persistence in the world.