text:
For the most current version of this Note, see Background Notes A-Z.
Republic of Angola
Area: 1,246,700 sq. km. (481,400 sq. mi), about twice the size of Texas.
Cities: Capital--Luanda (pop. 4.0 million); Huambo (750,000); Benguela (600,000).
Terrain: A narrow, dry coastal strip extending from the far north (Luanda) to Namibia in the south; well-watered agricultural highlands; savanna in the far east and south; and rain forest in the north and the enclave of Cabinda.
Climate: Tropical and tropical highland.
Nationality: Noun and adjective--Angolan(s).
Population (December 2004 est.): 13,000,000.
Annual population growth rate (2004): 2.9%.
Ethnic groups: Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mixed racial 2%, European 1%.
Religions (2001 official est.): Roman Catholic 68%, various Protestant 20%; indigenous beliefs 12%.
Languages: Portuguese (official), Ovimbundu, Kimbundu, Bakongo, and others.
Education: Years compulsory--8. Enrollment (2003 est.)--primary school 55%, secondary 30%, and post-secondary 3%. Literacy (total population over 15 that can read and write, 2002 est.)--42% (male 56%, female 28%).
Health: Life expectancy (2002 est.)--total population 46.7 years. Infant mortality rate (2003 est.)--154/1,000.
Work force (2003 est. 5.6 million): Agriculture--85%; industry and commerce--15%; services--6%.
Type: Republic.
Independence: November 11, 1975.
Branches: Executive--elected president (chief of state), appointed prime minister, and 40 appointed civilian ministers and vice ministers. Legislative--elected National Assembly (223 seats). Judicial--Supreme Court (also functions as Constitutional Court).
Administrative subdivisions: Province, municipality, commune.
Political parties: 123 with legal status; in 1992, 12 won seats in the National Assembly. Pro-government--Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA). Opposition--National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), Social Renewal Party (PRS), National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA), Party for Democratic Progress - Angola National Alliance (PDP-ANA), Democratic Renewal Party (PRD), Party of the Alliance of Youth, Workers, and Peasants (PAJOCA), Liberal Democratic Party (PLD), Democratic Alliance (AD), Angolan Democratic Forum (FDA), Social Democratic Party (PSD), and the Angolan National Democratic Party (PNDA).
Suffrage: Universal age 18 and over.
GDP (2005 est. using purchasing power parity): $45.9 billion.
GDP (2005 est. using Atlas method): $22.8 billion.
Annual real GDP growth rate (2005 est.): 19.1%.
Per capita GDP (2005 est. using purchasing power parity): $3,210.
Per capita GDP (2005 est. using Atlas method): $1,590.
Avg. inflation rate (2005): 23.5%.
Natural resources: Petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, bauxite, uranium, gold, granite, copper, feldspar.
Agriculture: Products--bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, manioc, tobacco, vegetables, plantains; livestock; forest products; fisheries products.
Industry: Types--petroleum drilling and refining, mining, cement, basic metal products, fish processing, food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar refining, textiles.
Trade: Exports (2005)--$20 billion. 2004 exports consisted of petroleum and derivatives (91.92%), diamonds (7.45%), fish (0.11%), scrap metal (0.05%), coffee, sisal, timber, cotton. Major markets (2004)--U.S. (37.70%), China (35.6%), France (6.4%), South Korea (2.95%). Imports (2005 est.)--$9 billion: machinery, electrical equipment, vehicles and spare parts, medicines, food, textiles. Major sources (2004)--Portugal (13.04%), U.S. (9.3%), South Africa (7.4%), Japan (4.8%), South Korea (28.3%), Brazil (5.6%).
Angola is located on the South Atlantic Coast of West Africa between Namibia and the Republic of the Congo. It also is bordered by the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zambia to the east. The country is divided into an arid coastal strip stretching from Namibia to Luanda; a wet, interior highland; a dry savanna in the interior south and southeast; and rain forest in the north and in Cabinda. The Zambezi River and several tributaries of the Congo River have their sources in Angola. The coastal strip is tempered by the cool Benguela current, resulting in a climate similar to coastal Baja California. There is a short rainy season lasting from February to April. Summers are hot and dry, while winters are mild. The interior highlands have a mild climate with a rainy season from November through April followed by a cool dry season from May to October when overnight temperatures can fall to freezing. Elevations generally range from 3,000 to 6,000 feet. The far north and Cabinda enjoy rain throughout much of the year.
Estimates of Angola's population vary widely, as there has been no census for many years, but it is estimated at no less than 13 million. Angola has three main ethnic groups, each speaking a Bantu language: Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, and Bakongo 13%. Other groups include Chokwe, Lunda, Ganguela, Nhaneca-Humbe, Ambo, Herero, and Xindunga. In addition, mixed racial (European and African) people amount to about 2%, with a small (1%) population of whites, mainly ethnically Portuguese. Portuguese make up the largest non-Angolan population, with at least 30,000 (though many native-born Angolans can claim Portuguese nationality under Portuguese law). Portuguese is both the official and predominant language.
In 1482, when the Portuguese first landed in what is now northern Angola, they encountered the Kingdom of the Congo, which stretched from modern Gabon in the north to the Kwanza River in the south. Mbanza Congo, the capital, had a population of 50,000 people. South of this kingdom were various important states, of which the Kingdom of Ndongo, ruled by the ngola (king), was most significant. Modern Angola derives its name from the king of Ndongo. The Portuguese gradually took control of the coastal strip throughout the 16th century by a series of treaties and wars. The Dutch occupied Luanda from 1641-48, providing a boost for anti-Portuguese states. In 1648, Brazilian-based Portuguese forces re-took Luanda and initiated a process of military conquest of the Congo and Ndongo states that ended with Portuguese victory in 1671. Full Portuguese administrative control of the interior did not occur until the beginning of the 20th century.
Portugal's primary interest in Angola quickly turned to slavery. The slaving system began early in the 16th century with the purchase from African chiefs of people to work on sugar plantations in S�o Tom�, Princip�, and Brazil. Many scholars agree that by the 19th century, Angola was the largest source of slaves not only for Brazil, but also for the Americas, including the United States. By the end of the 19th century, a massive forced labor system had replaced formal slavery and would continue until outlawed in 1961. It was this forced labor that provided the basis for development of a plantation economy and, by the mid-20th century, a major mining sector. Forced labor combined with British financing to construct three railroads from the coast to the interior, the most important of which was the transcontinental Benguela railroad that linked the port of Lobito with the copper zones of the Belgian Congo and what is now Zambia, through which it connects to Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
Colonial economic development did not translate into social development for native Angolans. The Portuguese regime encouraged white immigration, especially after 1950, which intensified racial antagonisms. As decolonization progressed elsewhere in Africa, Portugal, under the Salazar and Caetano dictatorships, rejected independence and treated its African colonies as overseas provinces. Consequently, three independence movements emerged: the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) led by Agostinho Neto, with a base among Kimbundu and the mixed-race intelligentsia of Luanda, and links to communist parties in Portugal and the East Bloc; the National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA), led by Holden Roberto with an ethnic base in the Bakongo region of the north and links to the United States and the Mobutu regime in Kinshasa; and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas Malheiro Savimbi with an ethnic and regional base in the Ovimbundu heartland in the center of the country and links to the People's Republic of China and apartheid South Africa.
From the early 1960s, elements of these movements fought against the Portuguese. A 1974 coup d'etat in Portugal established a military government that promptly ceased the war and agreed, in the Alvor Accords, to hand over power to a coalition of the three movements. The ideological differences between the three movements eventually led to armed conflict, with FNLA and UNITA forces, encouraged by their respective international supporters, attempting to wrest control of Luanda from the MPLA. The intervention of troops from South Africa on behalf of UNITA and Zaire on behalf of the FNLA in September and October 1975 and the MPLA's importation of Cuban troops in November effectively internationalized the conflict. Retaining control of Luanda, the coastal strip, and increasingly lucrative oil fields in Cabinda, the MPLA declared independence on November 11, 1975, the day the Portuguese abandoned the capital. UNITA and the FNLA formed a rival coalition government based in the interior city of Huambo. Agostinho Neto became the first president of the MPLA government that was recognized by the United Nations in 1976. Upon Neto's death from cancer in 1979, then-Planning Minister Jos� Eduardo dos Santos ascended to the presidency.
The FNLA's military failures led to its increasing marginalization, internal divisions, and abandonment by international supporters. An internationalized conventional civil war between UNITA and the MPLA continued until 1989. For much of this time, UNITA controlled vast swaths of the interior and was backed by U.S. resources and South African troops. Similarly, tens of thousands of Cuban troops remained in support of the MPLA, often fighting South Africans on the front lines. A U.S.-brokered agreement resulted in withdrawal of foreign troops in 1989 and led to the Bicesse Accord in 1991, which spelled out an electoral process for a democratic Angola under the supervision of the United Nations. When UNITA's Jonas Savimbi failed to win the first round of the presidential election in 1992 (he won 40% to dos Santos's 49%, which meant a runoff), he called the election fraudulent and returned to war. Another peace accord, known as the Lusaka Protocol, was brokered in Lusaka, Zambia, and signed in 1994. This agreement, too, collapsed into renewed conflict. The UN Security Council voted on August 28, 1997 to impose sanctions on UNITA. The Angolan military launched a massive offensive in 1999, which destroyed UNITA's conventional capacity and recaptured all major cities previously held by Savimbi's forces. Savimbi then declared a return to guerrilla tactics, which continued until his death in combat in February 2002.
On April 4, 2002, the Angolan Government and UNITA signed the Luena Memorandum of Understanding (MOU), which formalized the de facto cease-fire that prevailed following Savimbi's death. In accordance with the MOU, UNITA recommitted to the peace framework in the 1994 Lusaka Protocol, returned all remaining territory to Angolan Government control, quartered all military personnel in predetermined locations, and relinquished all arms. In August 2002, UNITA demobilized all military personnel and in September 2002, together with the government, reconstituted the UN-sponsored Joint Commission to resolve all outstanding political issues under the Lusaka Protocol. On November 21, 2002, UNITA and the government declared all outstanding issues resolved and the Lusaka Protocol fully implemented. UN Security Council sanctions on UNITA were lifted on December 9, 2002. In advance of national elections projected for 2006, UNITA and the MPLA held their first post-war party congresses in June and December 2003, respectively. The UNITA Congress saw the democratic transfer of power from interim leader General Paulo Lukumba "Gato" to former UNITA representative in Paris Isaias Henriqu� Samakuva, while the MPLA Congress reaffirmed President dos Santos' leadership of party structures.
The Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (FLEC), formed in 1974, rejects the Alvor Accords that included Cabinda as part of Angolan territory at independence. In 1975, FLEC began low-level guerilla attacks against government targets and kidnapped foreigners in an effort to press for an independent Cabindan state. Leadership struggles within FLEC then led to its breakup into various splinter factions, two of which continued the movement's armed insurgency. The Angolan Armed Forces (FAA) launched a major offensive against FLEC in November 2002 that decimated FLEC's capabilities in Cabinda and lead to an almost complete cessation of fighting in the province. Periodic, separate negotiations between the leadership of the two armed FLEC factions and the Angolan Government have failed to produce a settlement; however, the recently formed Cabindan Forum for Dialogue, a coalition of the various FLEC factions, is working to broker an agreement with the government. The international community has rejected the notion of Cabindan independence; however, the U.S. and other like-minded governments are committed to protecting the human rights of all living in Cabinda province.
Angola changed from a one-party Marxist-Leninist system ruled by the MPLA to a nominal multiparty democracy following the 1992 elections, in which President dos Santos won the first-round election with more than 49% of the vote to Jonas Savimbi's 40%; a runoff never took place. The Constitutional Law of 1992 establishes the broad outlines of government structure and delineates the rights and duties of citizens. The government is based on ordinances, decrees, and decisions issued by a president and his ministers or through legislation produced by the National Assembly and approved by the president. The parliament is generally subordinate to the executive.
Few opportunities exist for opposition parties to challenge MPLA dominance. President dos Santos had proposed that general elections be held in 2006; however, this is becoming increasingly unlikely. A multi-party constitutional reform process will resume following elections.
Angola is governed by a president who is assisted by a prime minister and 30 cabinet ministers, all appointed by the president. Political power is concentrated in the presidency. The executive branch of the government is composed of the president (head of state and government), the prime minister, and the Council of Ministers. The Council of Ministers, composed of all government ministers and vice ministers, meets regularly to discuss policy issues. The President, the Council of Ministers, and individual ministers in their areas of competence have the ability to legislate by decree.
Of the 220 deputies in the National Assembly, 130 are elected at large, and 5 are elected to represent each of the 18 provinces. The Electoral Law also calls for the election of three additional deputies to represent citizens living abroad; however, those positions were not filled in the 1992 elections. The ruling MPLA controls 59% of the seats.
The central government administers the country through 18 provinces. Governors of the provinces are appointed by and serve at the pleasure of the president.
The legal system is based on Portuguese and customary law but is weak and fragmented. Courts operate in only a fraction of the 164 municipalities. A Supreme Court serves as the appellate tribunal; a Constitutional Court with powers of judicial review has never been constituted despite statutory authorization. Recently, the Supreme Court has acted as a Constitutional Court.
The 27-year-long civil war ravaged the country's political and social institutions. The government estimates that 4.7 million people were internally displaced by the civil war. Since 2002, more than 300,000 of Angola's original 450,000 refugees have returned home. In 2005, the anticipated final year for the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) organized return program, an anticipated 53,000 refugees were to be assisted in returning to Angola. Daily conditions of life throughout the country mirror the inadequate administrative infrastructure as well as weak social institutions. Government support for social institutions is often inadequate. Many hospitals are without medicines or basic equipment, schools are without books, and public employees often lack the basic supplies for their day-to-day work.
Principal Government Officials
President--Jose Eduardo dos Santos
Prime Minister--Fernando da Piedad Dias dos Santos "Nando"
Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Affairs--Aguinaldo Jaime
Minister of External Affairs--Jo�o Bernardo de Miranda
Minister of the Interior--Roberto Leal Monteiro Ngongo
Minister of Finance--Jos� Pedro de Morais
Minister of Defense--Kundi Paihama
Minister of Petroleum--Desid�rio da Gra�a Ver�ssimo da Costa
Minister of Planning--Ana Dias Louren�o
Ambassador to the United States--Josefina Perpetua Pitra Diakite
Permanent Representative to the United Nations--Ismael Gaspar Martins
Angola maintains an embassy in the United States at 2100-2108 16th St., NW, Washington, DC 20009 (tel. 202-785-1156; fax 202-822-9049; web: www.angola.org). Angola also maintains consulates in New York City (attached to its Permanent Mission to the United Nations) at 866 UN Plaza, 48th St., Suite 552, New York, NY 10017 (tel. 212-233-3588, ext. 15; fax 212-980-9606; web: www.un.int/angola) and in Houston at 3040 Post Oak Blvd., Suite 708, Houston, TX 77056 (tel. 713-212-3840; fax 713-212-3841).
Angola has a fast-growing economy largely due to a major oil boom, but it also ranks in the bottom 10 of most socioeconomic indicators. Aside from the oil sector and diamonds, it is recovering from 27 years of nearly continuous warfare, corruption, and economic mismanagement. Despite abundant natural resources, and rising per capita GDP, Angola was ranked 160 out of 177 countries on the UNDP's Human Development Index. Subsistence agriculture sustains one-third of the population.
By contrast, the rapidly expanding petroleum industry--now producing approximately 1.4 million barrels per day (bpd), behind only Nigeria in Africa--accounts for 51.7% of GNP, 95% of exports, and 80% of government revenues. Production is expected to reach 2 million barrels per day by 2008. Oil production remains largely offshore and has few linkages with other sectors of the economy, though a local content initiative promulgated by the Angolan Government is pressuring oil companies to source from local businesses.
Block 15, located offshore of the enclave of Cabinda, currently provides 40% of Angola's crude oil production. ExxonMobil, through its subsidiary Esso, is the operator with a 40% share. In 2005, Block 15's second major sub-field, Kizomba B, came online producing at about 250,000 bpd. BP, ENI-Agip, and Statoil are partners in the concession. Chevron operates Block 0, also in offshore Cabinda, which provides one-quarter of Angola's crude oil production. Its partners in Block 0 are Sonangol (the Angolan state oil company), TotalFinaElf, and ENI-Agip. Chevron also operates Angola's first producing deepwater section, Block 14, which started pumping in January 2000 at the rate of 80,000 bpd.
TotalFinaElf brought the first Kwanza Basin deepwater blocks on-line with production from its Block 17 concession that began in February 2002 and now produces up to 300,000 bpd. Additional sub-fields will begin production in 2006 at the rate of 200,000 bpd. Both ExxonMobil and TotalFinaElf made new discoveries in these blocks in 2005. Exploration is ongoing in ultra-deep water concessions and in deepwater and shallow concessions in the Namibe Basin. BP made the first significant ultra-deep water find in its Block 31 concession in 2002 and had reached nine significant discoveries by the end of 2005. Marathon also drilled a successful well in its Block 32 ultra-deep water concession. BP, which currently does not produce oil in Angola as an operator, expects to have production of 600,000 bpd by 2007. TotalFinaElf operates Angola's one refinery (in Luanda) as a joint venture with Sonangol; plans for a second refinery in Lobito with projected production of 200,000 bpd are moving forward. There are plans to increase capacity of the Luanda refinery from 40,000 bpd to 100,000 bpd. Chevron, Sonangol, and other partners are developing a $4-5 billion liquefied natural gas plant at Soyo.
Exports to Asian countries have grown rapidly in recent years, particularly China. In late 2004, China's state oil company Sinopec bought into Block 18, securing the deal by offering a $2 billion credit line to the Angolan Government. Sinopec has also formed a partnership with Sonangol to operate Block 3/05 (formerly Block 3/80), whose operatorship was transferred from Total to Sonangol recently. Sonangol will seek to expand its operatorship of onshore and shallow water blocks. This may include the northern block of Cabinda's onshore concessions, which since the halt in hostilities with separatist forces is now open to exploration. Sonangol and Sinopec will also be eyeing future concession rounds, particularly for 23 blocks in the Kwanza Basin onshore area and the relinquished parts of Blocks 15, 17, and 18, currently operated by Exxon, Total, and BP.
Diamonds make up most of Angola's remaining exports, with yearly production at 6 million carats. Diamond sales reached approximately $1 billion in 2005. Despite increased corporate ownership of diamond fields, much production is currently in the hands of small-scale prospectors, often operating illegally. Only eight formal sector mines are operating out of a total of 145 concessions. In June 2005, De Beers signed a $10 million prospecting contract with the government's diamond parastatal, ending a 4-year investment dispute between De Beers and the government. The government is making an increased effort to register and license prospectors. Legal sales of rough diamonds may occur only through the government's diamond-buying parastatal, although many producers continue to bypass the system to obtain higher prices. The government has established an export certification scheme consistent with the "Kimberley Process" to identify legitimate production and sales. Other mineral resources, including gold, remain largely undeveloped, though granite and marble quarrying have begun.
In the last decade of the colonial period, Angola was a major African agricultural exporter. Because of severe wartime conditions, including extensive laying of landmines throughout the countryside, agricultural activities were brought to a near standstill, and the country now imports about half of its food. Small-scale agricultural production has increased dramatically over the last three years as internally displaced persons (IDPs) are returning to the land. Some efforts at commercial agricultural recovery have gone forward, notably in fisheries and tropical fruits, but most of the country's vast potential remains untapped. Coffee production, though a fraction of its pre-1975 level, is sufficient for domestic needs and some exports. Recently passed land reform laws will attempt to reconcile overlapping traditional land use rights, colonial-era land claims, and recent land grants to facilitate significant commercial agricultural development.
An economic reform effort launched in 1998 was only marginally successful in addressing persistent fiscal mismanagement and corruption. In April 2000, Angola started an International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff-monitored program (SMP). The program lapsed in June 2001 over IMF concerns about lack of adequate Angolan progress. Under the program, the Government of Angola did succeed in unifying exchange rates and moving fuel, electricity, and water prices closer to market rates.
In December 2002 President dos Santos named a new economic team to oversee homegrown reform efforts. The new team has succeeded in decreasing overall government spending, rationalizing the Kwanza exchange rate, closing regulatory loopholes allowing off-budget expenditures, and capturing all revenues in the state budget. New procedures have been implemented to track the flow of funds between the Treasury, Banco Nacional de Angola (the central bank), and the state-owned Banco de Poupanca e Credito, which operates the budget. The Angolan Government has adopted a new investment code. Concerns remain about quasi-fiscal operations by the state oil company Sonangol, continued oil-backed commercial borrowing by the Angolan Government, and inadequate transparency and oversight in the management of public accounts. The Angolan commercial code, financial sector law, and telecommunications law all require substantial revision.
The Angolan Government remains in dialogue with the IMF. In its published July 2003 Article IV report, the IMF endorsed four prerequisites to proceeding with formal negotiations: (1) disclosure of foreign debt data; (2) timely provision of macroeconomic statistics; (3) full implementation of the single government account at the Central Bank, and (4) additional dialogue on oil revenue management. A December 2003 IMF staff mission to Angola found some progress in these areas. In February 2004, the Angolan Government and the IMF reached agreement on the steps necessary to conclude SMP negotiations. As of February 2006, Angola and the IMF remained in discussion on an IMF program.
Angola is the second-largest trading partner of the United States in sub-Saharan Africa, largely because of its petroleum exports. U.S. exports to Angola primarily consist of industrial goods and services--such as oilfield equipment, mining equipment, chemicals, aircraft, and food. On December 30, 2003, President Bush approved the designation of Angola as eligible for tariff preferences under the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA).
The Angolan Armed Forces, known by its Portuguese acronym FAA, are headed by a chief of staff who reports to the civilian minister of defense. There are three services--the army, navy, and air force. Total manpower is about 140,000. The army is by far the largest of the services with about 130,000 personnel. The navy numbers about 3,000 and operates several small patrol craft and barges. Air force personnel total about 7,000; its equipment includes Russian-manufactured fighters and transport planes, Bell helicopters, and Italian trainers. The "Casa Militar," or presidential guard, answers directly to the Office of the President and is separate from FAA command and control structures.
From 1975 to 1989, Angola was aligned with the Soviet Union and Cuba. Since then, it has focused on improving relationships with Western countries, cultivating links with other Portuguese-speaking countries, and asserting its own national interests in Central Africa through military and diplomatic intervention. In 1993, it established formal diplomatic relations with the United States. It has entered the Southern African Development Community as a vehicle for improving ties with its largely anglophone neighbors to the south. In 1997, Zimbabwe and Namibia joined Angola in its military intervention in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where Angolan troops fought in support of the Laurent and Joseph Kabila governments. It also has intervened in the Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville) in support of President Sassou-Nguesso. Angola has also engaged in a more robust economic relationship with the People's Republic of China. The P.R.C. has extended a U.S. $2 billion credit line to Angola.
Multilaterally, Angola has promoted the revival of the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries (CPLP) as a forum for cultural exchange and a means of expanding ties with Portugal and Brazil. During the peace process, the government fully cooperated with the UN Mission in Angola (UNMA), which concluded its mandate in mid-February 2003. Angola concluded a 2-year term on the UN Security Council in December 2004.
The United States established formal diplomatic relations with the Government of Angola in 1993. Before 1989, U.S.-Angolan relations were defined by the Cold War. The United States initially supported Holden Roberto's FNLA and later Jonas Savimbi's UNITA against the pro-Soviet and pro-Cuban MPLA government in Luanda. Since 1992, the bilateral relationship has steadily improved. In May 2004, President dos Santos met with President Bush during an official visit to Washington.
The U.S. Mission in Angola consists of four agencies--the Department of State, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), the Department of Defense, and the Department of Health and Human Services' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (HHS/CDC). In addition, a variety of federal agencies maintain relationships with the Angolan Government through ongoing projects, including the Federal Aviation Administration, the Department of Transportation, the Department of Commerce, and the Department of Energy. In FY 2003, U.S. Government assistance amounted to roughly $188 million.
USAID's Food for Peace office provided emergency food inputs valued at $30.7 million in FY 2005 to feed vulnerable populations and help stimulate agricultural recovery, continuing a phasing out period in the past two years of the emergency program as Angola has stabilized and the emergency has ended.
USAID's development program in Angola in FY 2006 is consistent with the country's status as a "fragile state", vulnerable and recovering from an extended civil conflict. The program budget is $15.7 million, focused on improving food security, civil society strengthening and democratization, market-oriented economic analysis and economic reform policy, maternal and child health, HIV/AIDS prevention, education and voluntary counseling and treatment. Angola has also been named one of the three pilot countries under the President's Malaria Initiative. The food security objective, focused on smallholder agriculture, promotes access to inputs, extension services and training; market linkages; and revitalized agricultural productivity in Angola. The democracy objective strengthens constituencies and institutions required for democratic governance by promoting civil society coalitions, an independent media, government transparency and accountability, and the groundwork for free and fair elections. The health objective aims to improve maternal and child health and prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases by helping communities and institutions to provide necessary health services and to conduct HIV/AIDS prevention programs. The economic reform objective fosters economic policy and financial sector reform, business development services, and credit access for micro-, small, and medium enterprises. USAID works with a number of international and local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and corporate partners in alliances and public-private partnerships.
Emergency support from HHS/CDC was provided to address the 2005 Marburg virus outbreak in northern Angola, with assistance from the USAID Mission. CDC personnel joined with the World Health Organization (WHO) as part of the international response to assist with epidemiologic investigation, infection control, and laboratory diagnosis. CDC personnel in Atlanta provided laboratory and scientific support to Angola's Ministry of Health and to countries bordering Angola, establishing a field laboratory in Luanda, Angola to provide prompt laboratory confirmation of suspect Marburg cases in Angola and neighboring countries. Additional HIV/AIDS funding for the country of just over $2 million from HHS/CDC is also available, and helped expand surveillance, information systems, laboratory and blood bank quality control.
On February 19, 2006, the Provincial Government of Luanda declared a cholera outbreak, in coordination with the WHO. What began as a localized outbreak of cholera in Luanda rapidly spread around Angola, with cases detected in seven provinces to date and mortality rates as high as 15% in certain areas. Causes of this rapid expansion include poor sanitation and a lack of potable water (70% of the country is without access), which have been compounded by a series of heavy rains in March and April. Limited stocks of available medical supplies were rapidly depleted, and the UN stressed the need for immediate, widespread assistance. The Chief of Mission determined April 19 that an adequate response was beyond the capacity of the Angolan Government, and through this disaster declaration requested U.S. Government assistance to support the international response and contain the spread of the outbreak. USAID's response was to provide $50,000 for immediate relief needs. The funds were granted May 2, 2006 to the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) to support information, education, and communication within its Cholera Intervention Plan. The Ministry of Health, WHO, UNICEF, the European Union, USAID, and other partners continue to support field activities to control the outbreak.
To assist with economic reform, the State Department provided $2.2 million to work on land tenure, economic policy, and the financial sector. An additional $143,000 in grants was provided to community development projects and NGO-sponsored democracy and human rights projects. $152,000 in International Military Education and Training (IMET) funds was provided for English language training to the Angolan Armed Forces. Professional training for law enforcement personnel at the International Law Enforcement Academy (ILEA) in Gaborone, Botswana continued. The Safe Skies for Africa program provided around $800,000 in equipment and training to the Angolan civil aviation authority. As part of its public diplomacy program, the Embassy provided nearly $434,000 in English language training, educational exchanges and fellowships, and information resource services. The State Department provided $6 million for ongoing demining projects throughout the country. These projects have played a major role in opening critical road networks and increasing access in those areas of the country most impacted by landmines.
At the same time, the energy-based U.S. trading relationship continues to expand and spark other ties. One offshoot has been the development of a Sister City relationship between Lafayette, Louisiana and Cabinda and between Houston, Texas and Luanda. The Catholic University of Luanda has close links with a number of American institutions and has received support from the Angola Educational Assistance Fund, a U.S. non-profit organization organized by Citizens Energy of Boston. Sonangol has a longstanding program of educating its professionals in U.S. universities, complementing Chevron's policy of U.S. training for its own growing pool of Angolan professionals. Long before oil was discovered, American missionary efforts from the early 19th century established several Protestant churches in the interior, which also provided much of the schooling that was available in rural colonial Angola; those historical links now are being revived with exchanges in both directions.
Principal U.S. Officials
Ambassador--Cynthia G. Efird
Deputy Chief of Mission--James Knight
USAID Director--Diana Swain
Defense Attach�--LTC. Bernard Sparrow
The U.S. Embassy is located at Rua Houari Boumedienne No. 32, Miramar, Luanda, Angola. International mail: Caixa Postal 6484, Luanda, Angola; Pouch: Department of State, 2550 Luanda Place, Washington, DC 20521-2550; telephone: (244) (222) 64-1000; fax: (244) (222) 64-1232.


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Getting Started
All communication with the API is done through HTTPS, and errors are communicated through HTTP response codes. Available response types include
XML, and
CSV, which are selectable by the "extension" on API requests or by HTTP
Accepts headers.
This documentation also includes inline, runable examples. Click on any link that contains a
gear symbol next to it to run that example live against the {dataset.name} API.
App Tokens
All requests should include an app token that identifies your application, and each application should have its own unique app token. A limited number of requests can be made without an app token, but they are subject to much lower throttling limits than request that do include one. If you don't have an app token yet, click the button to the right to sign up for one.
Once you have an app token, you can include it with your request either by using the
X-App-Token HTTP header, or by passing it via the
$app_token parameter on your URL.
Response Codes
One of the following response codes will be returned with every request:
- 200Successful request.
- 202Request processing. You can retry your request, and when it's complete, you'll get a 200 instead.
- 400Bad request
- 401Unauthorized. You're not authorized to access this resource.
- 404Not found. The resource requested doesn't exist.
- 429Too Many Requests. The client has made too many requests and is currently being rate limited.
- 500Server errors. Our bad!
Code Samples
#!/usr/bin/env ruby require 'net/https' uri = URI('https://health.data.ny.gov/resource/quality-assurance-reporting-requirements-beginning-2008.json?recall_id=94') http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port) http.use_ssl = true http.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER request = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.request_uri) request.add_field('X-App-Token', ARGV[0]) response = http.request(request) puts response.code puts response.body
#!/usr/bin/env python import sys import requests r = requests.get('https://health.data.ny.gov/resource/quality-assurance-reporting-requirements-beginning-2008.json?recall_id=94', headers={'X-App-Token': sys.argv[1]}) print r.status_code print r.text
request = require 'request' options = uri: 'https://health.data.ny.gov/resource/quality-assurance-reporting-requirements-beginning-2008.json?$$app_token=APP_TOKEN&recall_id=94' request options, (err, response, body) -> console.log body
#!/bin/sh curl --header "X-App-Token: $1" "https://health.data.ny.gov/resource/quality-assurance-reporting-requirements-beginning-2008.json?recall_id=94"

subset: commoncrawl


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The New School
POSTPONED: Eyes of the Masters featuring Cecil Taylor
The Eyes of the Masters series is a special class where legendary artists share their experiences, knowledge and insights into the world of music both as an art form and as a business.
"Mr. Taylor is his own entity: one of the most enriching and confusing boundary crossers between composition and improvisation. His art can be hard to reduce. He seems to think of his music as a kinetic act, a ritual of place and ancestry, something that lives in bodies but less so in notation and documents. And this is why his records go only so far in explaining him. His performances are the key to understanding not just his playing but also the poetry he reads in and around the music, and even his physical actions — the way he walks to and away from, and sometimes around, the piano.But he comes from the jazz tradition. Raised in Corona, Queens, he started out as a Harlem jam-session musician in the early 1950s and talks with intense loyalty about a line of particularly New York-identified piano players: Fats Waller, Teddy Wilson, Thelonious Monk, Mary Lou Williams, Mal Waldron, John Hicks. Always there has been Ellington in his sound, driving and emphatic."- Ben Ratliff, New York Times
Jazz and Contemporary Music Performance Space, Arnhold Hall, 55 West 13th Street, 5th floor
Free; no tickets or reservations required; seating is first-come first-served
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We are excited to reveal our new video for "One Light"!
Video after the jump
Check out this preview for the "One Light" music video! Then tune back in Wednesday, January 9 for the official premiere.Video after the jump
Aranda To Open
Both Bands Will Broadcast LIVE December 11 from 1st Bank Center in Broomfield, Colorado Exclusively On AXS TV
Los Angeles, CA – December 10, 2012 - Multi-platinum rock bands Daughtry and 3 Doors Down have announced plans to continue their joint co-headline tour into 2013. The excursion began November 17 in Tunica, MS at 3 Doors Down's 9th Annual Better Life Foundation event, and night after night has attracted packed houses in venues across The U.S. Full article after the jump
National television broadcast to rock Tuesday, December 11 at 10pm ET / 7pm PT
(December 4, 2012 – Los Angeles, CA) Multi-platinum American rock bands Daughtry and 3 Doors Down, currently on a 19-city co-headlining tour, will broadcast LIVE from 1st Bank Center in Broomfield, Colorado exclusively on AXS TV.
Music lovers will be ready to rock with this special concert event experience when Daughtry and 3 Doors Down take the stage and are 100% live with AXS TV's Live LIVE national television audience on Tuesday, December 11.
Full article after the jump
We are excited to announce that we will be headlining the Emirates Airline Jazzfest of February 15, 2012!
For additional artists and ticket info head over to www.dubaijazzfest.com
3 Doors Down will be the featured guest on the nationally syndicated radio show ROCKLINE with host Bob Coburn Monday November 26th, 2012 at 8:30pm PDT / 11:30pm EDT.
Fans are encouraged to call to speak with members of 3 Doors Down toll free at 1-800-344-ROCK (7625).
For a station near you and for information regarding how to log onto the Internet for the broadcast go to www.RocklineRadio.com The show will be streamed on the Rockline website for two weeks beginning the afternoon after the live broadcast.
Click here to watch Brad, Chris, and Todd discuss some of their most popular videos
Preorder 'The Greatest Hits' at iTunes now! Available everywhere on November 19
3 Doors Down and Daughtry are hitting the road together starting November 17! We are now offering VIP packages which include the following:
1)Supergroup soundcheck party (featuring members of Daughtry and 3 Doors Down)
2)VIP Laminate
3)Tour T-shirt
4)Poster signed by members of Daughtry and 3 Doors Down
5)Photo with supergroup
6)Early access to venue
Quantities are limited and supply is going fast! Get your VIP packages at http://3doorsdownvips.com
Click HERE to support 3 Doors Down's charity The Better Life Foundation as they auction off the "Citizen / Soldier V" custom motorcycle. Each ticket purchased benefits the charity, and the winner will be chosen during The Better Life Foundation's annual concert on Nov 17! You do not have to be on site to win.
Southern California Rockers P.O.D. Will Serve As Special Guests
Los Angeles, CA – October 8, 2012 – Get ready to rock! Multi-platinum rock bands Daughtry and 3 Doors Down are excited to announce their joint 19-date first ever co-headline U.S. tour. Special guests will be Southern California rockers P.O.D. The upcoming tour will start November 17 in Tunica, MS and continue into the middle of December.


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We are a business portal made and run to ensure the businesses in the UK/World stay in constant communication with each other. One of the central problems, with businesses, is the dearth of communication and when work/cash flow starts to decrease, the effort to re-kindle links or find new ones is a very tricky thing to do.
So we will work continuously to bring customers from both business and domestic areas of the community from within our website's services. On top of these online activities, we will be speaking to companies both on a singular basis at their sites and also at the various events around the UK.
It is right, that when a creative business is going at full capacity, they do not always examine future sales areas. However, in that situation, they must still concentrate on other areas of business growth to carry on the work/cash flow for their company. If a business does increase their sales areas, they must always examine other options to take the place of the sales that are in progress, for when that time ends.
Otherwise they may find themselves in a time of low productivity. The result of this normally ends in lay-offs or medium term working times for workers. Some businesses still pay a full wage but some don't. So someone will lose out along the line.
Our goal is to enhance on the financial development of Kent in the UK, World communications on a local, regional, global and national basis and make a high prosperous environment for us, our businesses; original businesses and make a mass of employment opportunities.


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2012 National Call of Unity
Each year on this free 45-minute call, approximately 400 listeners have joined us, with many more listening together in counseling centers, domestic violence shelters, meeting rooms, at school and at home; each year our numbers continue to grow. This is a very special time for us to come together in observance of National Domestic Violence Awareness Month to:
- Mourn those who have died because of domestic violence,
- Celebrate the advancements we have made to support those who have survived, and
- Connect those within the movement to end violence against women and girls.
This year's call will feature the story of Christi Paul, NHH Headline News Anchor. Ms. Paul is a survivor of domestic violence and recently published author of a very inspiring and empowering book, Love Isn't Supposed to Hurt. She has a powerful voice and she uses it to help others in need, particularly children, as a Board of Directors member with Safe Kids Georgia and as an ambassador for Liz Claiborne's Love Is Not Abuse. Registration is FREE. Upon registering, you will receive two confirmation emails; one will ask you to "print your ticket and bring it to the event." Please print your ticket for the call-in details, but you do not need to bring it to the event. You can participate from any location using a landline or mobile phone.


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Building inspectors with the City of Hannibal will be working all weekend, May 25 and 26, to continue inspecting homes that need electrical inspections for the power to be connected.
Call Tina Bartz at (573) 221-0111, Ext. 216, to add a home to the list to be inspected.
Bartz requested local residents be patient with the city inspectors, who are working as fast as possible.
Location, ST | website.com


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War HorseSun, May 11, 2014 - 7:00 PMBass Concert Hall in Austin, TX
We are sorry, the date for this event has already passed. This event took place on 5/11/2014. Click here to view upcoming events for War Horse.
Still unsure? Check out our user reviews for:
Have a question? Need help? Call us at 800.477.5285


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What are the best free CMSs or CMS plugins or ERPs or any other free tools available for developing a hospital management system?
I want to develop it for a children's hospital run by my father. The hospital is small with two doctors. Currently, everything is done manually on paper. The main entities who will be using the system are: Receptionist, the two doctors, chemist and the medical laboratorist. They will use it majorly for keeping the records of the patient. The patients would not be interacting with the system directly. The system needs to be user friendly and should be easy to learn. I was thinking to develop such a system using a CMS or an ERP or any other free tool. I have used wordpress/drupal in past but never used an ERP. Can you please guide me to make such a system using free, and preferably open source, tools?


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Top dishwasher skills needed to get the job.
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|Comments (13)
What are the top 3 traits or skills every dishwasher must have to excel?
Can you suggest any tips or insights to develop your dishwasher expertise?
CafeDay in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio
77 months ago
Dishwahing is awful haha. I'd say you need to:
Alindoes in Edmonton, Alberta
64 months ago
If i work fast at my dishwashing job as well as do side tasks will that earn me a promotion and being on time for work. Side tasks like basting croissants, peeling carrots, cutting and gutting tomatoes, doing herbs, cutting baby potatoes in half. And the other tasks are sweeping and mopping the stairs, clean staff bathroom, sweep basement floor, take out garbages, break down recycling and put in shed,.
64 months ago
Of course however these things take a long time for you to get the promotion. Plus they need to know it is your wish to move up eventually.
robertwyatt4926@*****.*** in Austin, Texas
54 months ago
sarry jobs could.nt have gotten better theese time dishwasher jobs the lowest form of employment but not as low as toilet cleaning iv done it 30 years with out knowing it could have been better. wish u well
Anthony in Cumming, Georgia
53 months ago
Hey, year-long employed dishwasher here. I work at an italian restaurant in the around the suburbs of a big city, and although it pretty much goes without saying, dishwashing sucks. It truly does. Dirty, greasy, crust caked plates and pans pile up all around you, coworkers and superiors constantly pawn secondary work off on you and the workload that you deal with will leave you wondering if all of it was worth the money. However, if you're short on options and need some tips on how to survive the bulls***, I have a few tips I can share:
1: Take priority of what needs to be washed most frequently.
Good luck!
mycle1962 in Bronx, New York
47 months ago
elyette yaro in Bronx, New York said: who="Gyrannon in Portland, Oregon"]The top 3 that EVERY dishwasher needs is: Speed, Endurance
Don't forget the favorite quote for chefs. HURRY UP.
mycle1962 in Bronx, New York
47 months ago
Do not forget the favorite quote from the chefs. HURRY UP!
mycle1962 in Bronx, New York
47 months ago
email@example.com in Austin, Texas said: always show up happy clean wash hands always boss always right
Be organize, Do priority things first, and be as fast as you can be. I have taken up other task upon being done with my work like cleaning the walk in, cleaning and organizing dry storage. Also have done prep work for the kitchen staff. Some of this stuff has earn me a hospitality award.
wachi in Sheboygan, Wisconsin
46 months ago
you seen to have alot of exp as a dishwasher if the manager of the kitchen tell you what are responsibility and part of you job can a cook tell you what to do for example if they arent busy and have half hour talking on the phone and then tell you to take out something and you said to them yes i will do it just put it where it goes is that really a bad thing to said?? ( another cook was going to put it where it goes before i even tell him that but he said to him to not to do it )
elyette yaro in Bronx, New York said: who="Gyrannon in Portland, Oregon"]The top 3 that EVERY dishwasher needs is: Speed, Endurance
xfalloutboyx in Minneapolis, Minnesota
12 months ago
I work as a dishwasher and hate it. It is definitely an unrespected job, but also a frustrating one. Dishes get stacked so high. The waiters don't bother stacking them up for me or putting them in the sink. Instead, they just scatter them around on the table. Just try to organize as best you can. Anoter struggle is when everybody else is just talking and I'm struggling trying to get them done while they watch. It is definitely a job where you don't talk to people. It kinda sucks sometimes. When all the dishes are done, they make me do more stuff, risking to have 1,000 more dishes. Leaving to go on break is the scariest tjing ever for me. Even just finding time to use the restroom is a struggle. Oh, don't forget wrist or fingers killimg you from burns, cuts, or even using them too much. At this job, you do a lot of work, most likely not just dishes and don't get tip. Some dishewashers may get tip but most don't.
retroplore85 in Williamsburg, Virginia
12 months ago
Host said: What are the top 3 traits or skills every dishwasher must have to excel?
1. organization - stacking dirty dishes by type, placing them properly
2. diligence - working hard, staying at job 1, 2, or 3 hours late or until everything is done
3. likability - having a good reputation, talking to co-workers/employers although you have bunch of work to do
Truly or in my opinion, most people do not last long at a job that requires them to wash and put away dishes, take out trash, recycle boxes, and so on.
Chris in Portland, Oregon
21 days ago
Host said: What are the top 3 traits or skills every dishwasher must have to excel?
I work as a dishwasher at red robins and let me tell you yes it does get stressfull just do your best i get payed very well and i got a raise after just 4 months everyone greets me when i come into work because they know i will keep them stocked with dishes on my down time i take out trash and cardboard and help the cooks and other staff members so i dont believe dishwasher is the lowest job title
» Sign in or create an account to comment on this topic.


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Like most toddlers, my 3 year old has to be told to do this or not do that over and over again. Rather than hoping she learns over time through the inevitable trouble she gets in for not listening, I was wondering if there are techniques for developing and practicing good listening skills outside the context of disciplinary threats.
To have your child hear you you need to have their attention. In order to have their attention you need to be in control of as many of their senses as possible, sight being the most powerful.
When we want to be certain that our children are paying attention and listening, we have them stop what they are doing and look at our faces (look into my eyes) as we speak.
That gives them time to detach from the activity they are currently in and guarantees that there is no excuse for not hearing what is being said to them.
Also having them repeat things back at help to ingrain what you are saying.
Remember, when they do the same thing over and over, despite being told not to. They aren't failing to listen, they are likely to be testing that your rules are always consistent.
Non-complaint behavior may or may not be related to one's ability to listen. Sometimes, a child listens and clearly understands the "rules" or expectations, yet chooses to not conform. The term "not minding" is a better description than "not listening" for these children.
However, listening skills are foundational for many (probably most) skills. Yet, children are expected to just naturally learn to listen. As parents/teachers we often say, "listen" or "pay attention" and expect our children to "just do it". We sometimes forget that listening is more than having sound pass through our ears and on to the brain.
A few years ago, I was introduced to a program called "Whole body Listening". I adapted many of the ideas to use with children who are easily distracted or ones with limited attention spans. I find the strategies are simple and provide a multifaceted approach to focusing and maintaining attention.
The concepts are developed around listen with the whole body. We introduce each body part and describe/demonstrate the optimum behavior.
I address any "non-listening" by reviewing the "offending" body part and describing, demonstrating the appropriate response.
Perhaps, focusing on listening skills in a positive atmosphere will generalize to "remembering" behavior rules too!
One thing that works very well for us is to let the child experience the direct consequences of her actions, or lack of actions, respectively.
For instance, if you want to go to the playground, give the order to put on shoes. If nothing happens, then you're not going. There are many situations where you aren't on a strict schedule and you can afford to spend the time to emphasize these consequences.


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50's International Truck IFS - And Now, For Something Completely Different...Written by on August 30, 2012 IFS in a '50 International
Wes and I are occasionally verbally beaten by those wishing we'd showcase more off-brand classic pickups in both color features and tech stories. We're told that there are plenty of Studes, Dodges, and Internationals out there and we should be giving 'em their due.
To this we earnestly reply that we would if we could, but it's rare that we run across many examples and we're attentive to 'em when we do. That said, I recently received, out of the blue, a bunch of info and images from a CLASSIC TRUCKS reader by the name of Dan Lorimer, chronicling the installation of an aftermarket IFS assembly in a 1950 International Harvester L-120 pickup.
That's right, I said International and aftermarket IFS in the same sentence! You see, it just so happens that Dan ran across an old friend of mine who's an extremely talented suspension fabricator who specializes in designing and building suspension systems for, shall we say, most of the less-than-popular make and model trucks and cars out there.
Tom Pierce, the owner and brain trust behind Engineered Hot Rods LLC, in Chino Valley, Arizona, is a close personal friend and one who's been designing and building classic truck and street rod chassis and suspension systems for well on 25 years. He's produced high-quality components for I.H., Dodge, Studebaker, Hudson, Jeep, and Willys trucks as well as Chevy and Ford trucks (and street rods) in his family run manufacturing facility.
All of EHR's fabricated components are made right here in the good ol' USA, and having built a cool little Model A sedan on one of his custom street rod chassis myself, I can state with confidence my extreme satisfaction in his designs and workmanship, too. It's great to have a manufacturer here in the West that pays attention to off brands since the eastern part of the country has enjoyed the benefit for quite a few years. But I digress, the focus here is to let readers who prefer the less-common classic pickup nameplates know that there are sources of quality rodstoration products out there, so follow along while we give you an example of this International aftermarket upgrade. CT
More Photos From This Article View Slideshow
With the frame level and square, the left and right stock framerails are then boxed using 3⁄16-inch steel plate.EHR prefers them to be boxed from the front crossmember back to just forward of the cab, but in this case Dan boxed 'em from the front crossbraces (old engine and radiator mount support) back to the area where he needed header reliefs on the frame to allow fitment of the 1995 Ford GT 5.0L equipped with shorty headers that'll be powering the pickup upon completion.The next step is to locate and scribe the centerline of the new IFS crossmember. With the crossmember sitting on a floor jack it is rolled under the frame and then raised up into place with the scribe marks on both the framerails and the crossmember aligned. Make sure the steps cut into the crossmember uprights are snug right up to the bottoms of the framerails and that the frame and crossmember are still level.With the crossmember installation completed it was then time to locate and install the upper spring/shock brackets (known as hats). The hats, angled sides facing outward, were initially placed on a bench at the prescribed distance provided by EHR's instructions (center to center of the shock holes). At that distance, they were clamped to a stout piece of steel tubing/bar/etc., long enough to more than span that distance. In the case of the International L-120, the required track, hub-to-hub distance, was 60 inches. As a result, EHR prescribed a shock tower-to-tower distance of 39 1/2 inches.Measurements were taken to ensure the hats were parallel to each other and the clamped were tightened. This arrangement was transferred to the frame (a great idea that I'll have to try on my next IFS install). The inside marks on the hats (included by EHR) were aligned with the axle centerline on the frame. The notched side of the hats was placed facing aft so that there was a slight angle to the rear (to match that of the new crossmember). The measurements and alignments were checked yet again and the hats tack welded into place.With the new crossmember and spring hats in position and welded in place, Dan is then ready to address the prep and installation of the new rack-and-pinion assembly. Because a 60-inch track (hub-to-hub) distance was required, a 2-inch extension needed to be added to both left and right rack-and-pinion tie rods.
The extension provided by EHR was screwed onto the rack and the tie rod added to the extension. Red thread-locking compound was used on the threads to secure them. Pins were provided if more security was needed.Once the tie rod extensions and boots were in place, the complete rack-and-pinion assembly was installed on the new EHR crossmember using the included hardware.The rack input shaft clearance was then checked to ensure sufficient access for the steering linkage (keeping in mind the new powerplant's preposed engine mounting and exhaust header location).With the installation proceeding easily and rapidly, the next steps are the installation of the new tubular control arms and, in this case, stock-height spindles. Dan didn't bother installing the new coil springs since they're actually not needed at this point because the entire bolt-on portion of the IFS system was to be removed from the frame so the frame and new crossmember could be glass blasted and painted. It's also important to mention that, although the new tubular lower control arms will fit on either side, there is a left and right and they need to be installed with the sway bar tabs toward the front. (Note, the tabs are just forward of the spring socket on the lower control arm.) The lower ball joints need a collar/spacer installed between the nuts and the spindles to adapt to the longer shafts on the Chrysler ball joints as well, and of course, the collar/spacers were included in the EHR package.It's important to note that during the final reassembly (after the frame and suspension components are painted/powdercoated) flat washers will be used between the ball joint studs and the castle nuts.Next, the sway bar is installed forward of the IFS assembly using the new mounting brackets and poly bar bushings, reaching over the tie rods.
With the rotors prepped and mounted on the spindles, the new brake rotors are fitted with their pads and mounted to the caliper brackets using the supplied mounting hardware.Next, Dan installed the new flexible braided brake lines to the new calipers via banjo fittings and bolts (don't forget the brass sealing washers used on either side of the banjo fittings).At this point the installation has been completed. Dan will then completely disassemble all the bolt-on components and ready the frame and suspension components for paint and/or powdercoating before final assembly. The availability of suspension components for the less-than-common truck brands manufactured by a Western American company is a boon to the hobby, and Dan has nothing but praise for Engineered Hot Rods, LLC and its head honcho, Tom Pierce, for both high-quality, well-engineered components and great technical support. Now that you folks are aware of a new source for custom suspension components for the more obscure makes and models of classic pickups, we're looking forward to seeing (and featuring) many more cool non-Ford and non-Chevy pickups in the near future!


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Well, at least he's got some pussy.
Also, I do wonder if he noticed right away or if he just kept on going.
(also also, fake?)
Very clearly fake.
Not sure if I posted this earlier, but best worst Halloween costume right here.
Haaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa. Yeah.
That's cool.
This is old but I lol everytime:
You're not ready for this.
Last edited by usedtabe; 11-14-2012 at 09:14 AM.
Thing is, that's a modification someone has done to a regular stuffed toy. There are others which are purpose-built.
First thing's pretty hilarious, second is just disturbing.
I found it the other way around, Delfino. First was disturbing, second was hilarious.
To me anyways.
At some point in the distant past, it might. Now it's just unclean.


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Robert C. Holmes, Clinical Professor of Law, Director of the Community Law Clinic, and Deputy Director of Clinical Programs at Rutgers School of Law–Newark, will receive the Oliver Randolph Award from the Garden State Bar Association at its 32nd Anniversary Scholarship & Awards Gala on June 2. The award celebrates the legacy of civil rights advocate Oliver Randolph, who in 1914 became the first African American admitted to the practice of law in New Jersey. Randolph later served as the first African American assistant U.S. attorney in New Jersey and was the only African American to attend the state's 1947 Constitutional Convention, where he successfully fought for an amendment to abolish segregation in public schools and the militia.
At the same event, the Garden State Bar also will honor Marisa Slaten, a member of the Class of 2003, with its first Young Lawyer Award. Slaten is an associate at Riker Danzig Scherer Hyland Perretti LLP where she practices in the firm's litigation group.
Professor Holmes joined Rutgers in 1997 as founding director of the Community Law Clinic, which provides corporate-transactional-intellectual property attorney services to inner-city small businesses, non-profits, charter schools, and community development corporations. He has had extensive experience in private practice and public service. After receiving his J.D. from Harvard Law School, he joined the Newark Housing Development and Rehabilitation Corporation as executive director. He later served as assistant commissioner and acting commissioner of the New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, and as chief executive of the Newark Watershed Conservation and Development Corporation. In 1987 he became a partner with Wilentz, Goldman & Spitzer P.A., where he practiced corporate transactions, real estate and development, sports and entertainment law, and municipal law. In 1995 he became of counsel to Medvin & Elberg.
Outside the law school, Professor Holmes is a board member of the Public Interest Law Center of New Jersey, a former president of the New Jersey Public Policy Research Institute, a board member and secretary of Legal Services of New Jersey, a board member of Minority Athletes Networking, and a member of the board of trustees of the Victoria Foundation. | Read Story


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I have a scenario where I need to include an ajax form within another ajax form to allow a user to select a photo to save. It seems I need to use form_remote_tag with link_to_remote to submit it within a remote_form_for. The inner form_remote_tag now works, but now the outer remote_form_for does not work. This is what I have:
<% remote_form_for [@list, @term] do |f| %>

upload image

<% form_remote_tag(:url => { :controller => "images", :action => "flickr_search" }) do %>
<%= text_field_tag :keywords %>
<%= link_to_remote "save", :url => {:controller => "images", :action => "flickr_search" }, :submit => "flickr_search" %>
<% end %>
<%= f.text_area :definition, :size => "33x3", :class => "textarea", :id => "definition" %>
<%= f.submit "Save" %>
<% end %>
Anyone have any ideas on how I can get these two forms to play well together?


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The Erwin Warriors football team has a home non-conference game vs. Davidson Day on Friday, August 19 @ 7:30p.
MaxPreps is looking for one person to be the Official Scorer! This person will provide LIVE play-by-play for fans to follow along during the game.
If you have any corrections for the Erwin football schedule please contact Support.


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We provide the most up to date nationwide directory of Head Start Programs on the Internet. We list Head Start programs along with comprehensive program information and reviews.
We have listed all of the Head Start Programs and Early Head Start Programs that we have found in New Britain, Connecticut. Our listings of Head Start Programs include as much information on each program as we can obtain.
Our list of programs is by no means inclusive and is always growing. If you know of any head start programs in New Britain that we do not have listed, please help contribute by Adding a New Head Start Program Here.
180 Clinton St
New Britain, CT - 06053
(860) 225-4688
180 Clinton Street
New Britain, CT - 06053-3512
(860) 225-4688
140 Horse Plain Road
New Britain, CT - 06053
(860) 832-5686
35 Oak St
New Britain, CT - 06051 121
(860) 826-4677


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NSRA New Products - 40th Street Rod NationalsWritten by Eric Geisert on December 1, 2009 NSRA'S New Products Display
Every year one of the most contested competitions at the NSRA's Street Rod Nationals in Louisville, Kentucky, isn't found outside in the parking lot but rather in an air conditioned room just off of the north end of the exhibit hall.
The naming of the New Product of the Year has become a highly coveted honor for those in the street rod aftermarket, as the companies that get chosen for the top awards are guaranteed a substantial amount of free publicity concerning their latest product.
There were almost 200 new products entered this year, and the NSRA breaks them down into three different pricing categories: Group A for items that retail for up to $100, Group B for items between $101 and $500, and Group C for items $501 and above. A fourth award, the Best New Safety Related Product, is also picked from the entries and voted on by judges who are based in the street rod industry. After the judging was over the general public was welcome to enter the room and see what was being offered. The respective winners of each category can be found in this issue in the main story about the Nationals, but here are some of the other new products that were under consideration at this year's show.
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McMillan Rod & Custom from Marshfield, Michigan, released their stainless steel chin bar for the '33/34 Ford. They are also capable of doing custom bumper, grille, and nerf bar work.Pure Choice Motorsports, manufacturer of brake-related items, had several items in the "Under $100" category, including these nifty wheel cylinder banjos that allow the brake line to end at the banjo rather than at the wheel cylinder.Johnson's Hot Rod Shop in Alabama debuted their "Perfection" line of aluminum products, including this vintage-looking four-spoke aluminum steering wheel.Though American Autowire has a line of GM-based wiring harnesses for restorers, they also offer a line of universal harnesses and kits for most any hot rodder out there.Noone Customs not only had three choices of seats available (such as this vintage bucket seat) in the New Products room, they have also been developing some unique engine management systems.Brookville Roadsters won the "$501 and Up" category with their all-steel roadster pickup body, but they also had a handful of other products on display too, such as this '32 Ford roadster dash that comes with a glovebox door.The GTech tie-rod ends from Fatman Fabrications (on left) are for the Mustang II IFS and have a longer stud than a normal tie rod (right), which should help correct bumpsteer. They sell for $42 a pair.The simple design of this all-aluminum '36 Ford grille belies what would have to be a substantial amount of meticulous work on the part of its manufacturer, Alumicraft Street Rod Grilles, in getting it to look and fit right. It comes in stock form with 3/8-inch bars, but can be made with 1/4-inch bars.
McMillan Rod & Custom offered a new line of stainless steel moldings (in 1/2 inch and 3/8 inch) that can be bought by the foot. Besides side trim, the product could be used as accents on running boards, pickup bed strips, and more.Southern Air is the air conditioning manufacturing division of Southern Rods & Parts in South Carolina, and they had a product for each of three price categories. In the "Under $100" category, their fused-protected relays work well with fans or accessories that need extra protection.Trique Manufacturing had their stainless steel Altman Easy Latch Kit on display. This one is mounted to a '40-47 Ford pickup door, but they sell many vehicle-specific bear claw latch mechanisms as well as a line of universal-fit units.Need a compressor and alternator bracket for a 235- to 270-inch Chevy inline-six? Vintage Air has you covered. The bracket comes with a double-groove harmonic balancer pulley too.Borgeson's new vintage-looking stainless steel steering column (which comes in 18-, 26-, 30-, and 34-inch lengths) starts at $159, with polished versions starting at $189.Dayton Wire Wheels, which has been around since 1916, showed off their 20-inch Retro Knock-Off race wheel. Custom sizes, some up to 22 inches in diameter, are also available, but you're looking at spending roughly $900 per wheel.Bob Drake always has a plethora of products to show at the NSRA Nationals, and among this year's items was this '41-48 Chevy passenger car gas tank that will not only work with both carbureted or fuel injected vehicles but also bumps the capacity from a stock 16 gallons to a larger 18 gallons. Not bad for $175.Electricity experts Ron Francis Wiring has won several awards for their products in past years, and they debuted a few this year, too. At less than $20, their LS-11 low voltage sensor, which alerts you when the vehicle voltage drops below 11 volts, seems like a bright idea.


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Pictures: ZORA! Festival through the years
The annual festival celebrates author Zora Neale Hurston and takes place in Eatonville, Florida, her hometown. Eatonville is the oldest black township in the United States. "Their Eyes Were Watching God" is considered Hurtson's greatest novel.
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Issapur is a
in South West Delhi Tehsil
in South West Delhi District of Delhi State, India.
It is located 6 KM towards west from District head quarters Vasant Vihar.
19 KM from State capital Delhi
Issapur Pin code is 110073 and postal head office is Ujwa .
Issapur is surrounded by
South Delhi Tehsil towards East ,
Gurgaon Tehsil towards west ,
West Delhi Tehsil towards North ,
Delhi Tehsil towards East
Gurgaon ,
Delhi ,
are the nearby Cities to Issapur.
This Place is in the border of the South West Delhi District and Gurgaon District.
Gurgaon District Gurgaon is west
towards this place .
Also it is in the Border of other district South Delhi .
It is near to the Haryana State Border.


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503,581 deals (and counting)
from around the web, shared and ranked by a community of deal fiends like you.
Go to Deals.Woot.
*My ticket into the Shirts on Sale Sad Rat Race
You can buy this tomorrow here
cute idea, but broke.
It wasn't the one I was thinking was going to win.... I'll have to think about this purchase.
I stayed up for this? I wanted to sweatshirt!
smithsonia wrote:cute idea, but broke.
I'M broke. Not the idea is broke.
going to bed now. good night, woot.
i dont really need a humorous shirt. i need shirts that i can wear out at night to places.
Should have been one without Appendix for us who don't have one.
My Appendix
Congrats shan!
I was hoping the Soul Glow shirt would greet me at 1am EST on this fine day, but no. I'll think about this one... but I'm still waiting on my favorite of the bunch.
Ohh, shirtderbystats is off. I wonder what tomorrow brings!
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Congratulations shan!!!!
Great design Shan, congrats! Now do I need another olive green shirt? Hmmm...
Love it Love it! In for one. Great use of post its
Lord love a duck. I'm speechless *giggles* tee-hees!
if i wasn't in med school and taking anatomy this semester i would think this was totally cheesy. i feel like getting one for everyone in my class.
my girl is a nurse student, i'm sure she will like this, i'm in for one!!
just, awesome. definatlly in for 1. great work shan24!
I love it -- congrats, Shanny! In for one!
Sweet @ss shirt!!! I got mine.
Good Job!
A Must for a Med Student Like Me. Awesome shirt.
hahaha, this is hilarious!
Got mine Would have been faster getting it but i was celebrating the woot off.
Very clever shirt. A little too young for my hubby though, imo.
sort of an attempt at that metro shirt, but not so good
ojnihs wrote:A Must for a Med Student Like Me. Awesome shirt.
Even being in pharmacy school, I gotta thing twice about this one. It's a really good idea.. just not a fan of the olive color. If it were blue I would of bought it already =\
anyone know how these run? big? small?
dross613 wrote:anyone know how these run? big? small?
american apparel usually run a size small. and they shrink.
so if I normally wear a med I should order large? this is my first shirt.woot.com purchase
Got one for my pre med sister.. never know when it could come in handy. ;)
dhmarr wrote:I was hoping the Soul Glow shirt would greet me at 1am EST on this fine day, but no. I'll think about this one... but I'm still waiting on my favorite of the bunch.
fish in pocket tomorrow, i'm betting
hopefully, soul glow takes third... only one that appealed to me this derby
Grats to winners though!
dross613 wrote:so if I normally wear a med I should order large? this is my first shirt.woot.com purchase
yeah, my boyfriend is a medium and he gets a large from AA.
bleh, i wasn't really a fan of this shirt... but grats on the win anyway. here we go fishy and soulglow!!!
Wow, I'm kind of surprised Fishman or Soul Glow didn't come in first. Still, this is a neat shirt although the olive is not for me. Love the vet reference!
clever shirt.
congrats! but we want soul glow!!!111
hahah i freakin love this shirt.. time to woot it and then drink more delicious OJ. :D
If you don't have an appendix, then just cross it out with a sharpie.
your appendix grew back in 2006?? 21 years after removal??
hondajvx wrote:Should have been one without Appendix for us who don't have one.
My Appendix
View All →


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Dallas Stars vs Columbus Blue Jackets (Cancelled Due to Lockout)Thu, December 27, 2012 - 7:30 PMAmerican Airlines Center in Dallas, TX
We are sorry, the date for this event has already passed. This event took place on 12/27/2012. Click here to view upcoming events for NHL Lockout Season.
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Receiving care at a NAPBC-accredited center ensures that a patient will have access to:
For more information about the National Accreditation Program for Breast Centers, visit their Web site
Mid-Columbia Medical Center has been accredited by the Joint Commission, a private, non-profit organization dedicated to promoting quality healthcare services. This voluntary accreditation signifies that the hospital's efforts to provide highest-quality healthcare have received professional and national recognition through stringent evaluation and consultation from the Joint Commission.
For nearly 15 years, Mid-Columbia Medical Center has been affiliated with the Planetree Alliance, a group of innovative hospitals and healthcare institutions who are dedicated to implementing innovative programs to personalize, humanize and demystify the healthcare experience for patients and their families. Mid-Columbia was the first Alliance affiliate to adopt and embrace, hospital-wide, Planetree's philosophy of patient-centered care. Considered an exemplary model of Planetree, Mid-Columbia is one of the few affiliates to have incorporated all nine components of the Planetree vision into its facility.
Mid-Columbia Medical Center has been recognized for its outstanding commitment to performance excellence and has received the Oregon Quality Award, which is based on the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award. The award is given to industry leaders who have achieved outstanding performance evaluations in leadership, strategic planning, customer and market focus, information and analysis, human resources, process management and organizational outcomes.
Celilo has received the highest-possible rating by the independent organization that surveys and evaluates cancer centers nationwide, The Commission on Cancer (CoC) of the American College of Surgeons. In 2013 Celilo received accreditation "with commendation."
Celilo's overall approval rating indicates that, after a thorough examination of 36 standards of care and reporting, a CoC surveyor found zero deficiencies. Approval with commendation is an even loftier citation that means Celilo staff also eclipsed CoC standards in each of nine additional measurements.
Mid-Columbia Medical Center was named as one of seven Oregon companies to demonstrate outstanding commitment to families and community. The Families in Good Company Award is a reflection of Mid-Columbia's dedication to helping employees manage work and family demands, with such benefits as flexible work schedules, job sharing, telecommuting and compressed work weeks, on-site child care and wellness programs.
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As a sports medicine specialist, Dr. Cullen enjoys being out where sports are played because it is what he loves to do. Following a full day at the office and on weekends, he goes to watch and cover cross-country, volleyball, soccer, track, baseball, football; you name it, he loves it.
As the newest member of the MCMC | OHSU Orthopedics medical/surgical team, sports medicine specialist Dr. Cullen has not only devoted his career to getting athletes back into the game after a sports injury, he also truly enjoys watching any sport played.
From injury to diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and return to play, Dr. Cullen provides total care for athletes of all ages.
"Sports Medicine is more than excellent surgery," Dr. Cullen says. "It is about easy access to care from the day of injury, accurate diagnosis, excellent rehabilitation and good communication with parents, coaches, and trainers about the athlete's progress – it is total care of the athlete from beginning to end."
Dr. Cullen says there's no question that athletes in The Dalles area are going to know who is.
"As a sports medicine specialist, I enjoy being out on the sidelines. I'm not content to sit in the office waiting for patients to come to me," he says. "I go to where sports are played because it is what I do and what I love to do. Following a full day at the office and on weekends, I go watch and cover cross-country, volleyball, soccer, track, baseball, football; you name it, I love it."
Originally from the Northeast, Dr. Cullen relocated to Atlanta following completion of his training. Over 15 years, he developed the region's premier sports medicine and orthopaedic surgery practice, becoming the go-to specialist for athletes.
Contrary to what the term might imply, sports medicine involves much more than treating competitive athletes, Dr. Cullen says. "It involves care of young athletes with ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) tears and weekend warriors who have suffered overuse injuries like rotator cuff tears, tendonitis and muscle strains. I've had patients who tore an ACL during a tug of war or while teaching a child to skip."
Dr. Cullen is a graduate of Temple University School of Medicine in Philadelphia. After earning his medical degree, he completed a five-year orthopedic surgery residency-training program at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center. He received additional sports medicine training in the premier fellowship program at Cincinnati Sports Medicine and Orthopaedic Center. Dr. Cullen is board certified in orthopedic surgery.


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I am doing a science fair project and i can not find any research on whether sugar dissolves quicker in colored pink water or regular clear water?! HELP!! :) both waters are cold and tap..
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Quantum superposition
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Sanjay Gupta
Scott Gries/Getty Images
News about Sanjay Gupta, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times.
A Dynasty to Duck
Dick Cheney may be waking up every morning with a smile on his face, but, to some of us, "It's Not a Wonderful Life."
October 30, 2013, Wednesday
MORE ON SANJAY GUPTA AND: Cheney, Dick , Cheney, Liz , Wyoming , Elections, Senate , United States Politics and Government , Gupta, Sanjay , Books and Literature , Enzi, Michael B
Sanjay Gupta to Join Health Web Site
EverydayHealth.com will announce on Thursday that Dr. Sanjay Gupta, the chief medical correspondent for CNN and a contributor to "60 Minutes," will join the site.
March 7, 2013, Thursday
MORE ON SANJAY GUPTA AND: Gupta, Sanjay , CNN
Veterans Feel Anxiety, and Relief, After School Shooting
Adam Lanza, the gunman responsible for the shootings at a Connecticut school on Friday, never served in the military. That's when the strange and selfish feeling struck me: one of relief.
December 17, 2012, Monday
MORE ON SANJAY GUPTA AND: Gupta, Sanjay , Lanza, Adam , Newtown (Conn) , Sandy Hook Elementary School (Newtown, Conn) , Twitter , Veterans Affairs Department , Asperger's Syndrome , Murders and Attempted Murders , Newtown, Conn, Shooting (2012) , School Shootings , Veterans
Taking Steps to Prevent Medical Errors
Responses to an Op-Ed article by Dr. Sanjay Gupta.
August 4, 2012, Saturday
MORE ON SANJAY GUPTA AND: Doctors , Tests (Medical) , Emergency Medical Treatment , Deaths (Fatalities) , Hospitals
A Conversation With: Author and Journalist S. Hussain Zaidi
The veteran crime reporter has covered the Mumbai mafia for nearly two decades.
July 20, 2012, Friday
MORE ON SANJAY GUPTA AND: Chandra, Vikram , Gupta, Sanjay , Headley, David Coleman , Mumbai (India) , Pakistan , Treasury Department , Books and Literature , Organized Crime , Writing and Writers
TNT Orders Series Based on Novel by Dr. Gupta of CNN
In an usual case of corporate synergy within Time Warner, TNT will adapt "Monday Mornings," a novel by the medical correspondent at CNN.
May 8, 2012, Tuesday
'60 Minutes' Gets Younger, and Its Viewers Do Too
A subtle turn toward new, younger contributors and an increase in ratings have gratified executives at the venerable newsmagazine.
May 7, 2012, Monday
MORE ON SANJAY GUPTA AND: 60 Minutes (TV Program) , Fager, Jeff , Wallace, Mike (1918-2012) , CBS News , News and News Media , Ratings (Audience Measurement) , Television , Hewitt, Don , Logan, Lara , Rooney, Andy , Cooper, Anderson , Gupta, Sanjay
CNN's Dr. Gupta Writes Novel That Inspires a TV Pilot
The pilot for the medical drama "Chelsea General" was written by David E. Kelley, based on "Monday Mornings," a novel from Dr. Sanjay Gupta that takes its name from the regular meetings surgeons hold to discuss mistakes in the operating room.
December 7, 2011, Wednesday
CNN's Dr. Gupta Writes Novel That Inspires a TV Pilot
The pilot for the medical drama "Chelsea General" was written by David E. Kelley, based on "Monday Mornings," a novel from Dr. Sanjay Gupta that takes its name from the regular meetings surgeons hold to discuss mistakes in the operating room.
December 7, 2011, Wednesday
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What's On Today
8 P.M. (HBO) 127 HOURS (2010) In April 2003, Aron Ralston, a 27-year-old hiker, fell in a narrow slot in Blue John Canyon, in Utah, and was trapped, his right arm pinned beneath a boulder. For five days he struggled to free himself, narrating his...
September 10, 2011, Saturday
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Regulating natural gas drilling in the Marcellus Shale formation is one of many duties charged to the Department of Environmental Protection.
DEP is responsible for enforcing the state's Oil and Gas Act, as well as state regulations on drinking water quality, air quality and the environmental health of rivers and streams.
DEP divides the state into six regions, and operates 19 district offices.
The department's Bureau of Oil and Gas Management employs about 80 well inspectors, who are funded through drilling permitting fees. A proposed – but quickly scuttled – change in regulatory policy raised the ire of drilling opponents in early 2011. A leaked internal memo directed regional offices to forward notices of violation for drillers to the Harrisburg office for final approval. DEP officials quickly backtracked, calling the change a "pilot program," and then scrapping it altogether.
The DEP is now headed by Acting Secretary John Quigley, who previously served as Secretary for the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources in Governor Ed Rendell's administration.