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Bond takes a bullet in the right shoulder in the opening sequence and it is clearly shown during his fight with Patrice on the train. Subsequently, as he is recovering, the wound is shown in a reflection in the mirror, in his right shoulder as was earlier witnessed. Much later in the film, as Bond is trying to pry fragments of the bullet from his shoulder for forensic analysis, the camera shows him face on trying to probe the wound now in his left shoulder. How could the director miss this?
I believe the fragments he's trying to pull out of his shoulder are from the bullet the baddie (Patrice?) shot him with. Notice he gives them for analysis - there would be no need to analyse the shot from the MI6 rifle!
So, to answer the question I believe Patrice shot him in the left side, Eve shot him in the right. Bad day at the office!
The director did not miss this. The wound is consistently on the right side of Bond's body.
The apparent movement from one side to the other is caused by the camera switching between straight-on shots of Bond and shots of Bond in the mirror.
If Bond did remove the fragments from his left shoulder, then this is an error, but are you sure it was his left? Because mirrors reverse left and right. I'd have to watch the film again, but it's not out on Bluray yet (or is it?).


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Jordan RCVR Men's Running Shoes
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The Jordan RCVR Men's Shoes might resemble a cross trainer yet they look tough enough to handle any hoops game. A neoprene upper provides a snug yet comfortable fit and a Cushlon pod based outsole gives you superior cushioning.
- Men's basketball shoes with cross trainer styling.
- Cushlon foam gives you maximum cushioning and support.

subset: commoncrawl


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Massachusetts or Northeast Area Expert Witnesses testifying in Litigation
Paramedic Expert Witnesses for Attorneys
Massachusetts or Northeast
Experts in this paramedic & emergency medical technician directory provide medical opinion and expert witness testimony in all types of emergency medical services accidents including those by paramedics, EMT's and first responders like correctional health care, controlled substance, advanced cardiac life support, emergency vehicle operation and EMS emergency response. EMS scuba diving rescue, geriatric emergency care, gun shot emergency care, trauma life support, iv administration and medication errors. In litigation, paramedic & emergency medical technician experts attempt to use forensic medical experience to research to reconstruct the damages or event by providing opinions by way of expert witness testimony, computer animation or graphical exhibits to opine in a compelling way to the jury.#0#
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Helping Your Child Adjust to Childcare
In This Article:
The advantage in-home childcare has over day care centers and family day care is the familiarity of the surroundings for your child. He or she will be able to play in his or her own backyard during the day and will have his or her own toys around. Still, there may be some adjustment problems even if the childcare provider comes to your own house. There is bound to be a change in routine, or differences between your parenting style and your nanny's manner of childrearing, that might unsettle your child.
The best way to avoid these kinds of issues is to be sure that the nanny is thoroughly apprised of the customs and procedures your child knows. If possible, have the nanny come to your house for several days while you are still available to guide her thorough a typical day with your child. Show her the locations of first aid materials, toys and games, cleaning supplies, cooking utensils, and other items that she may need during the course of the day. Explain to her when you would like meals to be served and when children should be put down for naps. Go over limits that you would like enforced with regard to the use of televisions, telephones, and computer games. The better the nanny's understanding of your rules and expectations, the less confusion your child will have with a new caregiver.
As with out-of-home care, easing into the new situation slowly and having your child spend time with you and the nanny before leaving him or her alone in her care are both good ways to make the new childcare arrangement go smoothly. Take the nanny to your child's activities or school and introduce her to your child's teachers. Try some fun outings with the nanny and your child, such as a trip to the park or out to lunch, so your child will know that his or her life will not be disrupted too much by this new state of affairs.
Again, if you work near your home, lunch visits are a good way to keep in touch with your child throughout the day. If you are not close to home, it is easier to speak to your child by phone when he or she is at home than if he or she is at a large day care center. Depending on your agreement with the nanny, you may want to have her bring your child to your workplace from time to time during your lunch break. That is another advantage to in-home care. If you have a live-in nanny or an au pair, the transition may be easier yet. With live-in help, your children literally have all day and night to become accustomed to having the caregiver around. Because an au pair is not an employee but a guest of the family and is likely to be young as well, your child may not see her as a caregiver or authority figure, but more of a playmate. As has been discussed already, however, this could end up being a positive or a negative.
More on: Childcare
Copyright © 2005 by Linda H. Connell. Excerpted from The Childcare Answer Book with permission of its publisher, Sourcebooks, Inc.
To order this book visit Amazon.com.


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WHEELING - When asked why she makes art, Sophia Kayafas gets thoughtful and then smiles.
"I am a creative and passionate being, and I always have to be making something," she said. "The arts are just in me. It's always been in me. It's a blessing, and I'm so thankful to have it because it gives me so much purpose and meaning."
Kayafas, a Wheeling resident, is only a junior in college, but already she shows the maturity and talent of a much more experienced artist.
Article Photos
YOUNG ARTIST – Sophia Kayafas, a junior at West Liberty University, presents "Heavy," an oil painting of her grandfather she made in 2011. Kayafas has only been pursuing art since her freshman year of high school, but landed her first professional exhibit of her drawings and paintings at Shaw Galleries in Pittsburgh this month. -- Contributed
She has a passion for people and portraiture and renders her subjects beautifully through oil and graphite. Her portraits are often personal - many of her subjects are family members or close friends, and each portrait feels like an intimate encounter with the subject. Kayafas said capturing an individual's personality is one reason she creates.
"I've always been interested and enamored by people," Kayafas said. "The reason I choose portraiture is because I have an empathy for humanity and painting people is, to the best of my ability, a way to understand people - by painting them."
Kayafas recently had the chance to display her talent in her first show at a professional gallery in Pittsburgh - something that is just a dream for most young artists. Her exhibit "Progression" was shown at Shaw Galleries from Sept. 13-18. The exhibit showed her growth as an artist from high school to her most recently completed work.
"It was an amazing experience," she said. "I've learned a lot about myself and my work. I got a lot of good feedback and some new ideas. There was a lot of work put into it, and it paid off."
Kayafas said the exhibit introduced her to the "theatrical" side of art when it comes to a show. For the first time she learned how to hang and price work, as well as learning to talk and connect with her viewers.
She said the piece in the exhibit that has influenced her the most was a painting of her grandfather titled "Heavy." In the painting, her grandfather holds his head in his hands while reading an unseen newspaper at the family's kitchen table.
"My grandfather is this monumental man and he had just lost his wife, my grandmother. He was holding his head and it was so heavy, there's such weight to it. He had this face like he wasn't really reading the paper, just thinking," Kayafas said. "It turned out to be one of my favorite pieces because I enjoyed the process so much from concept to image. That whole journey was fantastic, and I always try to relive it before I start other paintings."
Though Kayafas has been creating art all her life, she started pursuing it heavily her first year at Wheeling Park High School. Before high school she had wanted to be an actress, but at the beginning of her freshman year she was feeling lost and started to become "a little introverted," so she started drawing and playing music instead.
"I started drawing pictures of animals and people and I realized how much I like the process of drawing and I liked the product that I could get," she said. "It's grown a lot since then. I feel like my work now has more content in it than it did when I first started. I paint with more purpose now."
Her series in "Progression" showed how Kayafas evolved from her high school to college years, including new techniques and mediums such as her use of oils instead of acrylic paint and transition into color. Kayafas now attends West Liberty University, where she has "gained a lot of knowledge" about making art. She said it was at West Liberty that she first started working with oils and that she is now "hooked" on the medium.
Kayafas said her next project will be a series of self-portraits that will explore the idea of perfection and beauty. The portraits will combine the Greek classical ideal of beauty with modern influences such as images from fashion magazines. She said she is curious to see how they will turn out - a feeling she often has when creating.
"I'm really young. I don't know how to make my own images all the time," Kayafas said. "Sometimes I mess up - I think that's the beauty of it. It doesn't go as planned. There's always ideas in my head, there's always messages I want to say. Right now I'm gaining the skills and knowledge to convey those messages in the best way possible, but there's going to be a lot of bad paintings to come. I'm excited for it."


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The 5 Most Terrifying Ways Doctors Went Crazy on the Job
#2. The Doctor Who Attacked His Lover With an Abortion Syringe
Logically, there is no reason why a certain percentage of doctors wouldn't be batshit crazy. Getting through medical school requires intelligence and dedication, sure, but you can have both of those things and still be at least somewhat nuts. And when doctors go off the deep end, they have some more advanced methods for going crazy than the rest of us.
For instance, in early 2000, Dr. Stephen Pack was in a bit of a pickle: He'd knocked up a nurse that he was dicking after hours. Pack was a married man, and absolutely didn't want a love child. But instead of taking the usual shitty dad tactic of abandoning the kid, Pack came up with an even douchier, more psychopathic solution.
You might already know that there are drugs that can induce an abortion if injected (basically a version of the abortion drug RU-486 that can be administered by syringe). You think you know where this story is going -- he probably hatched some evil plan to trick her into taking it, right? Maybe lured her in for a checkup and told her it was vitamins or something?
"Syringe injecting contest. Go!"
Nope. He hid in the shadows of the parking lot with his syringe and waited for nurse Joy Schepis to walk by. Then Pack jumped out of the shadows and announced his attack like a cartoon villain, shouting, "I'm going to give you an abortion!" as he started wildly stabbing Schepis in the thigh and buttocks with the needle.
When his totally brilliant and expertly executed plan fell apart (it's actually really hard to successfully give someone an injection this way), Pack fled from the parking lot of Montefiore Medical Center to the nearby North Central Bronx Hospital. Upon arriving, he properly deposited the empty syringes into a medical waste container, as any responsible physician would.
Waste container? We always assumed these worked like the "find a penny, take a penny" tray.
The good news is that the baby was perfectly fine, and since enough sane people did their jobs with satisfactory proficiency, Pack got what was coming to him. He got two years in prison and had to undergo 100 hours of therapy, after which he reached out to Schepis with an apology, presumably via one of those "Sorry I Flailed at You With an Abortion Needle" cards from Hallmark.
It does seem like somebody who does what Pack did might be more than 100 hours of therapy away from a healthy mind, but we're not medical professionals.
#1. The Doctor Who Gave His Girlfriend a Corpse Hand
Everyone has done something a little embarrassing in the name of love. We've all stood outside someone's window with a guitar, or, you know, lovingly dismembered a corpse to offer as a tip for our stripper girlfriend. Wait, maybe that one isn't so common. But that's what Dr. Ahmed Rashed did back in 2002, while he was studying in medical school.
"This is way cheaper than going out for dinner."
The crime was discovered when police entered the home of topless dancer Linda Kay on an unrelated matter, a matter which probably took a back seat as soon as the cops saw the severed hand sitting in a jar on her dresser.
The story goes that Dr. Rashed, who was still just Mr. Rashed back then, became friendly with Kay while he was studying and she was taking her clothes off for money. Presumably, he told her that he'd do anything for a date, and she asked, "Anything?"
"I'm pretty overdue for a colonoscopy."
The hand came from a cadaver at the university that was due to be cremated, and according to Rashed's defense, he didn't realize that what he was doing was illegal. That's right, at no point while he was standing next to a casket with a bone saw, vigorously hacking some dead guy's hand off, did he take a moment to ask himself, "Wait a second, would this be considered illegal? Or insane?"
Rashed then took the hand back to the strip club and offered it to Kay, who not only didn't Mace him, but kept the damn thing for four years. It was only then, when Rashed was a licensed physician in Los Angeles, that he had to account for the whole situation and was arrested for theft, presumably after the judge had to flip through the law books to figure out what to charge him with.
Apparently being creepy isn't a crime.
For more folks who lost their shit, check out The 6 Most Insane People to Ever Run for President and 7 Athletes Who Had More Crazy Than Talent.
If you're pressed for time and just looking for a quick fix, then check out The Sad Twist Ending of the Most Heroic Video of the Week.


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Search Results for: in-store
January 14, 2014
LightSpeed Unifies In-Store and Online Retail Commerce
LightSpeed Unifies In-Store and Online Retail Commerce (via PR Newswire)
LightSpeed Web Store for Cloud offers professional retailers single window into entire business; LightSpeed now powers $6B in annual transaction volume, up 120 percent+ YoY MONTREAL and NEW YORK, Jan. 13, 2014 /PRNewswire/ …
December 6, 2013
Apple Launches iBeacon App to Tailor In-Store Shopping Experience
With the help of Bluetooth technology, shoppers can now tailor their shopping experience inside one of 254 Apple stores throughout the United States, through the new iBeacon mobile app.
Apple launched the capability on Dec. 6 and, according to an article from …More...
November 20, 2013
Gap Inc. Expands Reserve in Store Availability
Gap Inc. announced Nov. 20 that it has expanded its reserve in store capabilities to all U.S. Banana Republic stores and more than 200 Gap stores in 15 major U.S. markets.
The launch follows what Gap Inc. called a "successful" pilot …More...
October 28, 2013
3 Ways Ecommerce Can Mimic the In-Store Experience
In the world of retail today, many merchants believe their digital strategy is the "silver bullet." They are focused on their ability to master customer relationships by integrating and maximizing the power of each channel through which they reach customers – …More...
In Must Reads, Retail
September 17, 2013
2013 In-store Holiday Sales Expected to Increase 2.4%
It is hard to believe how close we are to the holidays, I can't help but feel like the 2012 holiday season just passed.
I am not the only one thinking about how close we are to the holidays, while …More...
July 29, 2013
Kmart Launches Pay in Store Option for Shoppers
Kmart® Launches Pay in Store, Giving Shop Your Way(SM) Members and Customers More Online Shopping Options (via PR Newswire)
Leading integrated retailer now offers cash as in-store payment option for items reserved online HOFFMAN ESTATES, Ill., July 24, 2013 /PRNewswire/ — …
In News, PR Newswire
July 22, 2013
Connecting the Online and In-store Shopping Experience
The technology to connect your site to your stores has rapidly evolved and is now accessible to most marketers. Adding a store locator, in-store pick-up and perhaps the capability of checking a store's inventory are all based off of …More...
July 10, 2013
3 Tips to Get Ready for In-Store Pickup
What's emerging as the hottest trend in online retail today? The store. Large retailers rolling out new in-store pickup options to bridge the online and offline world – and in doing so, they're generating big waves with both …More...
June 6, 2013
Samuels Jewelers Transforms Online and In-store Shopping Experience
Samuels Jewelers Transforms Online and In-Store Shopping Experience with Advanced Site Search Features (via PR Newswire)
Jewelry Retailer Sees Three Times Higher Conversion Rate and Double Per-Visit Value for Site Search Users with Learning Solution from SLI Systems News Highlights …
May 9, 2013
Consumers Want Customized In-Store Experience Over Online Shopping
U.S. Retail Survey Shows 75% of Consumers Prefer Customized In-Store Experiences Over Online Shopping (via PR Newswire)
Synqera survey finds that consumers in-store shopping is still preferable but online-type customization is needed; finds key to anti-showroom strategies. NEW YORK, May 9, 2013 /…


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In Who's afraid of a Black Hole? at time ~20:38, Michio Kaku makes a claim that $1/r$ when $r=0$ equals $\infty$ and when physicists see the $\infty$ they see a monstrosity. Coincidentally, Newton's gravitational equation $$PE=-\dfrac{GMm}{r}$$ also has a $1/r$ relationship, which might be problematic, except that in Newtonian theory there is no maximum velocity $c$ we would need to be concerned about. Of course it can be observationally verified that the potential energy of two objects, colliding inelastically, is not $-\infty$.
I suspect this same question of singularity must have bothered Newton as well, since we can find Newton working to resolve singularities through the development of the Puiseux series in 1676, which is a generalization of the Laurent series, which itself can be turned into a Fourier series.
The question I am having a hard time to resolve is whether there a pedagogical approach to explain how to address Newtonian gravity when $r=0$ ?


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I learned that a long walk and calm conversation are an incredible combination if you want to build a bridge.
Early Check-In Available
Express Check-In Available
Late Check Out Available
Minimum Check-In Age: 18
Accessible Parking On-site
Wheelchair Available
Guide dogs/service animals are not allowed
Learn more about the IHG Green Engage™ system
With a breathtaking lake view location you can enjoy ample indoor activities including swimming, exercising, billiards, Mahjong and KTV. We have a variety of parent-child classes at weekend, such as cooking, Lego training course, etc.


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Critic of CCSU professor's politics lacks factual basis
This is in response to Phyllis Chickering's Dec. 2 letter, "Left-wing ideas dominant on campus," in which she accuses Central Connecticut State University Professor Ghassan El-Eid of promoting radical agendas on campus. As a student who has attended Dr. El-Eid's lectures, I must say I am appalled and outraged by the astounding ignorance exhibited in her letter.
How can Ms. Chickering make such serious accusations based on an op-ed column by a disillusioned colleague (Nov. 14, "Honors for a vicious anti-Semite," by Jay Bergman)? Is she aware of the guest speakers Dr. El-Eid has invited to his classes? Many were right-wing Israelis. How can Ms. Chickering make a judgment without having all the facts?
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conservative1 wrote on Dec 27, 2012 9:02 AM:
Sandy Socks wrote on Dec 27, 2012 4:25 PM:
For example: he recently blamed Senator Dodd and all the Democrats in congress because his Social Security payments are partially taxed.
But when a little research is done we find that in 1984 when this bill was brought up for a vote, EVERY Republican in the House (115) and every Republican in the Senate (55) voted for it. And the President Reagan then signed the bill.
C-1 never lets facts get in the way of his ravings. He is prejudice beyond belief in his attacks on poor and minorities.
Anyway, pay no attention to him - nobody else does. "
al.cap wrote on Dec 27, 2012 6:48 PM:
i happen to have read both of the letters referenced, and agree with this writer. "
blue star wrote on Dec 27, 2012 7:43 PM:
Also: now I'm confused again. I thought we had the gender of the regular posters pretty well established. Apparently not. ??
@c1 I did know one Professor who was apolitical. Only cared about literature. "
Sandy Socks wrote on Dec 28, 2012 8:46 AM:
I wanted to show the writer, as briefly as I could, the type of character C-1 is. He jumped all over Dodd because he has to pay some taxes on his monthly SS check. And a little research from the official government site shows Reagan and every republican member of congress voting in favor of it. "
KITTY wrote on Dec 29, 2012 1:40 AM:
KITTY wrote on Dec 29, 2012 1:48 AM:
blue star wrote on Dec 31, 2012 9:47 AM:
conservative1 wrote on Dec 31, 2012 10:13 AM:
Most professors are Lefties. You act like being a lefty is something to be ashamed of?
Im proud to say I am on the right side (and by right, I mean correct) ha
Look at state governments. The ones governed by the right are doing well, those governed by the left, going bankrupt. pretty simple. "
blue star wrote on Dec 31, 2012 11:24 AM:
Bitter partisan politics is the worst enemy of the common man in American today.
No progress can or will be made without a consensus. "
KITTY wrote on Dec 31, 2012 12:42 PM:
KITTY wrote on Dec 31, 2012 12:46 PM:
blue star wrote on Jan 1, 2013 8:36 AM:
Can you clarify your train of thought here? "
al.cap wrote on Jan 1, 2013 10:18 AM:
GeorgeK wrote on Jan 1, 2013 9:59 PM:
I read what you said, scratched my head, then read the entire thread, and had one of those 'Oh, I see...' moments. I 'LOL'd' in my chair.
@Kitty @Sandy Socks
In countless threads, I and many others have provided a litany of facts from original source documents or primary source news articles and they just get scrolled right over by you libs. You and Kitty are trolls on these threads. All you guys post are these emotionally-fueled tirades that sound more like they are coming out the mouth of an adolescent complaining that you took their candy away than an intelligent grown-up engaging in serious political dialogue.
As for professors, most really do associate with the left of politics. I was fortunate to have many that didn't bring politics into the classroom. There were a few though who absolutely refused to hear anything related to center or right in the political spectrum. I remember raising a question regarding the 2nd Amendment in class. I asked the class if they believed the Amendment provided an inalienable right for a law-abiding citizen to own a firearm. Most raised their hands. Then I asked if it didn't and the only person who raised their hand, was the professor. He also was a staunch believer that the racial disparity of the prison population was the result of our racist culture and racist cops. He almost flipped a table when I countered with the fact that you have to commit a crime in order to go to prison. A serious crime. Just couldn't wrap his head around that. "
KITTY wrote on Jan 2, 2013 12:44 PM:
GeorgeK wrote on Jan 2, 2013 4:26 PM:
So a first-hand account of an incident I had with a professor while I was in school, in his class, doesn't qualify as original? Just because it doesn't fit your narrative does not mean that it's partisan. "
conservative1 wrote on Jan 2, 2013 7:43 PM:
The country really would be a better place without the left nudging us away from God.
Yes I'll stick to my bible and gun. "
KITTY wrote on Jan 2, 2013 9:32 PM:
GeorgeK wrote on Jan 2, 2013 9:56 PM:
Yes, you feeble human, the government knows best and surely you can't be trusted to take care of yourself. You NEED our help, so we will forcibly remove money from the paycheck you rightfully earned and give it back to you at a rate we determine because you can't make decisions on your own. We have planned your retirement for you and our elite scholars have the best plan for your money. You, simple human, are no match for a superior planner.
Consider it a gift? HA! You really have gone off the deep end. A gift is something that is knowingly and willfully given to another party as a result of the free will of someone who wants to give it. Forcibly taking it out of my paycheck without my consent is the polar opposite of a gift and borders on theft. "
KITTY wrote on Jan 3, 2013 1:24 PM:
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- Khrushchev's words prove to be prophetic in 21st-century U.S.
- Asking once again: Where are the jobs?
- Conservatives fail to grasp wisdom in pleas for fairness
- Obama has chance to prove his harshest critics to be wrong
- How about a new holiday: Red, white and Blue Tuesday?
- Mismanagement of Benghazi incident cannot be tolerated
- America still has time to recover its strength, security
- Praise of Obama insults the memory of great leaders
- Godly roots make United States an exceptional nation
- Democratic Party's 'gimme' culture saddens writer


text: Here is an adorable panda that has all the right stuff. In the world of Littlest Pet Shop, Penny Ling is the sweetest, and kindest of them all. Her purple colored body and bright twinkling eyes makes her face that much more precious. This lesson will show you "how to draw Penny Ling", step by step. I love how her last name represents the panda origin. Drawing Penny is going to be easy, and fast which means you will have time to tackle other tuts. I have to leave you all for a brief moment but I will be back. Adios mi amigos!


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Lunchtime Movie: Jack the Giant Slayer
Bring your lunch to the Bluffton Branch Library each Tuesday at Noon and enjoy a film. We'll provide dessert! Full movie listing is available at the Bluffton Branch Library.
Showing: Jack the Giant Slayer (PG-13, 114 minutes)
Sent to the market by his uncle to sell their horse and buy thatch for their roof, Jack meets the beautiful Princess Isabelle whom he rescues her from ruffians. He returns home only with a handful of beans given to him by a monk who claimed they were sacred but that does little to impress his uncle who tosses them away. In the night the Princess arrives having run off to keep from marrying Roderick who is clearly only interested in becoming king. Soon the beans take root with a giant stalk carrying away the princess and Jack's house. He soon sets off on an adventure with the king's guards to rescue the princess only to find that a mythical land filled with giants really exists.


text:
Lyn Kepley, 89, died Monday, Nov. 12, 2012 at Bob
Wilson Memorial Hospital in Ulysses.
Memorial service will be held at 2 p.m. Friday, Nov. 16, 2012 at St. John's Episcopal Church in Ulysses, with Father Dale Lumleyofficiating. Inurnment will follow at the Ulysses Cemetery.
Garnand Funeral Home in Ulysses is in charge of arrangements.
Location, ST | website.com


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James "Jim" Burress is convicted of charges relating to money stolen from a Paducah bank. A federal jury returned a guilty verdict against Burress on Wednesday afternoon.
Federal prosecutors accused Burress of receiving, possessing, storing, spending, and hiding nearly $80,000 in stolen money. The money had been taken from the Clarks River Road branch of Union Planter's Bank by Burress's roommate, Travis Boothby. Boothby pleaded guilty to theft charges earlier in the week.
The theft took place on Jan. 16. On Jan. 17, the FBI showed up at the home shared by Burress and Boothby. After questioning Burress, the FBI conducted a search of the house. The money was found in a collapsible cooler in the garage.
FBI Special Agent Dick Glenn says after money was found, Burress admitted to knowing that the money was there. Burress says Boothby had returned home with the money late the night before. He says he thought the money had been won at the casino boat in Metropolis, Illinois.
Prosecutors in the case claim Burress knew the money was stolen all along. The prosecutors also pointed out that even if he didn't, he did know it was stolen once Agent Glenn showed up at this door and still he did nothing to reveal the money's presence. When asked why he did not come forward with information when Agent Glenn first arrived at his home, Burress said he, "did not want to be the one to send his best friend to jail."
It took the jury just less than two hours to reach a guilty verdict. A sentencing hearing is scheduled for both Burress and Boothby on July 25.


text: I have recently added a Maven dependency on rsyntaxtextarea 1.5.0 from the jooq-console (http://www.jooq.org), which was implemented by Christopher Deckers. Christopher had previously supplied you with a couple of patches that fixed some performance issues. It seems that these patches are now integrated in version 2.0.x. Would you mind publishing 2.0.x also to Maven central? That would be great!


text:
Do the four fundalmental forces of physics have a constant acceleration as gravity?
closed as unclear what you're asking by akhmeteli, Qmechanic♦ Aug 30 '13 at 19:07
Please clarify your specific problem or add additional details to highlight exactly what you need. As it's currently written, it's hard to tell exactly what you're asking. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question.If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
No. objects with different masses will often have the same electric charge--note the proton and the electron as examples of this. Or even more tellingly, the electron and the muon.


text:
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Lower leg pain - self-care; Pain - shins - self-care; Anterior tibial pain - self-care; Medial tibial stress syndrome - self-care; MTSS - self-care; Exercise-induced leg pain - self-care; Tibial periostitis - self-care; Posterior tibial shin splints - self-care
Shin splints is when you have pain in the front of your lower leg. The pain of shin splints is from the swelling of the muscles, tendons, and bone tissue around your shin.
Know that shin splints are a common problem for runners, gymnasts, dancers, and military recruits.
Learn what you can do to heal from shin splints and prevent them from getting worse. Know that untreated shin splits can turn into stress fractures that will keep you from activities even longer.
Shin splints is an exercise problem. You get shin splints from overloading your shin bone.
Shin splints happen from overuse with too much activity or a change in training. Usually the activity is high impact and repetitive exercise of your lower legs. This is why runners, dancers, and gymnasts often get shin splints. Common activities that cause shin splints are:
You are more at risk for shin splints if you:
If you have severe shin splints, your legs may hurt even when you are not walking.
Expect that you need at least 2 to 4 weeks of rest from your sport or exercise.
After 2 to 4 weeks, if the pain is gone, you can start your usual activities. Increase your activity level slowly. If the pain returns, stop exercising right away.
Know that shin splints can take 3 to 6 months to heal. Do not rush back into your sport or exercise. You could injure yourself again.
Shin splints are usually not serious. Call your health care provider if:
Your doctor may take an x-ray to make sure you don't have a stress fracture. They also will check to make sure you don't have another shin problem, such as tendonitis or compartment syndrome.
Carr K, Sevetson E, Aukerman D. Clinical inquiries. How can you help athletes prevent and treat shin splints? J Fam Pract. 2008;57:406-408.
Bederka B, Amendola A. Leg pain and exertional compartment syndromes. In: DeLee JC, Drez D, Jr., Miller MD, eds. DeLee and Drez's Orthopaedic Sports Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa. Saunders Elsevier;2009:chap 24.
On a mission to heal body, mind and spirit


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Belmont nixes Wheelabrator trash contract as it mulls competition
BELMONT — Selectmen voted against signing a new contract with Wheelabrator last night, deciding to keep the town's options open to see if a competing waste disposal company can provide a better rate.
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10 Fun & Cheap Halloween Candy Alternatives
8 of 11
Glow-in-the-Dark Insects
These creepy crawlers are a bright idea when it comes to Halloween handouts! Kids will love these lil' critters to use as pranks, decorations, or even accessories for next year's costume. A batch of these buggers is under $6 for 144 pieces.
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|Pictures by James Vyn
VISIT AT THE LOCAL MARKET Yes guys, I indeed still have pictures to show you from our journey in Mexico. It has been such an amazing trip, James and I shot so many different looks and have done so many memorable activities that I just can't avoid sharing all this content with you. So, without counting this post I still have around 3 article about Mexico, or 2 to show you folks. Are you ready? I hope you are because I simply can't wait to talk to you guys about everything. On our third day in the city, Pamela decided to take us through a very typical mexican day with a lot of walking and different location visits. Therefore a casual outfit was required, but since you know that I never play it too casual, I decided to go with a chic yet comfy outfit made of some olive green pants, low boots, and black top with blazer. To add some interesting details, I matched to the look my brand new Lady Dior bag and self made necklace. What do you think of this combination? It really seemed to be the perfect match for the day.
We kicked off the day with a visit of the local market where you can really find some incredible treasures. James and I were fascinated by all the bright colours surrounding us and there was truly something magical about the atmosphere. Of course it was great to see some piñatas and I even had the chance to try out my very frist sombrero which was a lot of fun. We ended our day at one of the most delicious restaurant ever : Porfirio's where we tried some amazing traditional dishes (yes indeed, this time we didn't go to a japanese restaurant). My favourite ones were the tacos, holy tacos… And of course at the end some churros for dessert.


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KILLEEN (January 8, 2013) --- The bad weather kept first responders busy with wrecks Tuesday as they prepared for more rain through the night.
The Killeen Fire Department's Swift Water Rescue Team was put on standby for Tuesday night as well as additional staff to respond to accidents.
In the past the swift water rescue team has rescued stranded motorists from flooded roadways in and around Killeen.
"Right now we're doing gear checks and doing a check on the boat making sure everything is operational and ready to go so when the call does come in there's no delay and we can go ahead and go out," team member Justin Todd said.
The City of Killeen Street Department also prepared flood-prone areas with caution signs and barricades to warn drivers.
Some of the areas to avoid in and around Killeen during flash floods include FM 3219 near Nolan Creek, Cunningham Road at Little Nolan Road, Dimple Street, and the Highway 190 access road heading westbound near Trimmier Road.


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Extension > Environment > Water Resources > Watershed education program
Watershed Education Program
A University of Minnesota Extension resource to assist communities with watershed education and planning
The Watershed Education Program (WEP) provides community leaders, citizens, and natural resource professionals with knowledge and tools to make informed water and land use decisions to protect and restore the integrity of Minnesota's lakes, rivers, and wetlands. Learn more about the Watershed Education Program here.
Staff from the WEP can assist you in developing a comprehensive educational program for your watershed.
Why a watershed approach?
State and Federal agencies support a watershed approach for addressing water resources issues within areas bounded by geographic features such as topography rather than political boundaries such as county lines. WEP takes the same approach when providing assistance to local community leaders by providing education to foster an understanding of water resource issues on a systems level. WEP staff will work with municipalities, counties, nonprofit groups, and natural resource professionals to adopt watershed based planning, policy, and practices.
WEP staff can help community leaders identify their community's specific learning needs, as well as develop and deliver the appropriate customized training. WEP staff can also assist in promoting collaboration with other local leaders and agencies within a watershed.
How the watershed education program can help you
Working with local leaders and experts, WEP staff develop a coordinated education and outreach plan to reach watershed citizens and stakeholders while simultaneously meeting the goals and obligations of the watershed approach framework. By increasing understanding of local water resource planning, protection, and improvement, communities will be empowered to meet their clean water goals.
The WEP offers physical and biological science education and assistance with stakeholder involvement, planning, and policy development.
Specific learning experiences that are offered include topics such as:
- Basics of watershed hydrology
- Lake and river systems
- Urban and rural runoff
- Best management practices
- Aquatic invasive species
- Use of native plants to improve water quality
- The role of citizens in watershed planning and Best Management Practices implementation
- Education models that have been successful in other watersheds
WEP staff are committed to working with community leaders to holistically address the issues specific to their watershed.
Contact a watershed education program educator
Because each watershed is unique and the needs are highly variable, please contact one of the following educators to assist you in developing a comprehensive educational program to address your watershed's goals.
- Eleanor Burkett, Brainerd
- Doug Malchow, Rochester
- Karen Terry, Morris
- John Bilotta, St. Paul
- Shahram Missaghi, Farmington


text: New Treatment for Patients with Severe Asthma By James Pearl MD March 17, 2015 Medication has been pretty much the only tool for fighting severe asthma, until now. Bronchial thermoplasty is a new treatment that can bring relief to severe asthma patients that don't respond well to medications. Read More


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| Wang, J. , Energy Services Division, Nalco Co., Sugar Land, Texas
New view strips away the myths over automation technology
[process control]
[supervisory control]
[advanced process control]
Process control technology plays a significant role in
improving and maintaining efficient process operations. It
influences the strategic and operational goals of enterprises,
economic results, development and quality of products,
continuity of production and competitiveness within the
Over the past years, industries have invested heavily in
model predictive control (MPC) controllers. Many within the
industry believe MPC is the only way for advanced control that
facilitates process improvement with the high project return on investment. In
some organizations, MPC tools are the company standard; other
methods are taken as nonstandard low-level technologies. Some
organizations refuse to accept other technologies no matter how
well they perform. Nonprofessional control engineers always
believe that dynamic matrix control (DMC) software is
versatile, and they try to use DMC packages for basic
stability/control problems.
Too often, many techniques can be applied for advanced
process control (APC) and process improvement. For example,
intelligent control (neural net, fuzzy logic and expert
systems) are very commonly used in APC, and some other
techniques such as supervisory control, system
identification/modeling skills are most indispensable in APC.
The objective of this article is to analyze current
misapplication, challenges and engineering management of
advanced control technology for process improvement
and to present the prospect of advanced control technology
while educating how to use advanced control correctly and
Since the advent of the distributed control system (DCS) in
the 1970s, it has been widely used. DCS provided a tool for
easy implementation of existing control strategies such as
cascade, feed forward, nonlinear control, Smith predictors,
constraint control and even decoupling control. These are
control schemes based on the proportional-integral-derivative
(PID) single-loop feedback controller, and they provided the
platform of distributed and supervisory control, which is
called (advanced) regulatory control.
What it is. Advanced control is a
systematic studied approach to choosing relevant techniques and
their integration into a co-operative
management and control system that will significantly enhance
plant operation and profitability. APC includes more
sophisticated strategies, such as intelligent control, adaptive
algorithms and MPC tied to empirical modeling. As an
improvement over typical process control, APC represents an
enhancement in the performance of control strategies that
results in more consistent production, process optimization,
better product qualities and less waste. While regulatory
controls maintain mass and heat balances, advanced controls
manipulate the mass and heat balances to achieve the best
performance or quality.
With the development of information/computer technologies,
having a powerful server connected to the plant collecting
real-time data opened up numerous possibilities for
complementary technologies. For example, complementary
technology is an inferential estimation technology (soft
sensor) that would infer the required composition of the stream
to be used in the control system, in the absence of online
analyzers or long delays in the measurement signals.
Expert systems. Another example of advanced
control is the expert-systems technology that captured
engineers imagination back in the early 1980s. It is
based on capturing knowledge of the best operators and
transforming real-time data into useful information through
reasoning and analysis. The technology has had success with
applications such as special detection and signal processing,
startup/shutdown, emergency and abnormal condition monitoring
and diagnostics.
Fig. 1 shows the plant operations pyramid and the commonly
used techniques of advanced process control. The pyramid as it
stands, represents the data transfer rates for the
applications. The inverse of the pyramid is also true for the
computations per solution.
MPC technology no longer relies on traditional servo-control
techniques, e.g., feedback control was first designed to handle
effects from unmeasured disturbances and have done a fairly
good job for about 100 years. MPC assumes that the knowledge
regarding the process is perfect and that all disturbances have
been identified. MPC is an open-loop system. There is no way
for an MPC to handle unmeasured disturbances, other than to
readjust at each controller execution, and the bias is similar
to an integral-only control action.
This partially explains MPCs poor behavior when
challenged by disturbances unaccounted for by the controller.
MPC has been sold as the ultimate solution to every
plants control and optimization needs. But, as engineers
point out, for a multitude of reasons, the results from MPC
implementations often produce short-lived, sub-optimal and/or
poor outcomes. The products now in the marketplace have been
over-used and are forced to perform functions for which they
were neither designed, nor should have been allowed, to do.
But MPC products were so heavily marketed and over-sold that
the few voices of reason that may have existed were overwhelmed
and could not prevail. Over the last few years, MPC is applied
too much and is continuing to receive records of lackluster
performance. It is estimated that more than 50% of applications
are in off mode or do not work at all (worse than
regulatory control); only about 10% are fully working well,
according to some industry experts.1,2
The limitations of MPC have been thoroughly exposed,
although probably widely ignored.3 Many take MPC as
a versatile control package. Result: There are many
misapplications. Concerns for MPC include:
MPC is based on tested local
model. Working in its tested operating point, re-vamp
work is inevitable once the operating point changes. Correcting
model mismatch requires retesting and remodelingvery
expensive maintenance action item. MPC
controllers, particularly complex ones implemented on complex
units with many interactions, require constant attention from
highly trained (and highly paid) control engineers. This is a
luxury that few operating companies can afford.
Hiring contractors to do an APC project
will take 512 months since they need more time
to become familiar with the processes and to test the
processes. All of this effort costs more money; normally, a
small project with 612 MVs, will costs around
$150,000$200,000. Contractors are normally professional
in software package that they are using, and may not be
professional in process and control system design. So, they try
to do projects in their ways that may work
for a while, but it is NOT the best design mode.
If we interview operators or observe
their operation, we find that they are always changing the MPC
limits. This is because MPC design cannot satisfy the
operation, and they try to control the system by moving limits.
Clearly, this corresponds to manual control. When feeds change
or the outflow changes, the MPC is turned off. The system is
unstable due to big swings because the material balance is
MPC packages tend to hide technical
stuff, and good ones will assist through
commissioning. MPC engineers must be able to understand the
process objectives and the features that make control
difficultonly then can the MPC be set up with correct
DVs, MVs, CVs, etc., and simple compensation for
nonlinearities. We can imagine that MPC could be applied to
minimize the need for good engineering. But, that is a false
economy. Licensors of MPC software will tell you that their
algorithms will optimize operation by operating at
constraints using the least costly combination of manipulated
variable assets. That is certainly correct. Mathematically,
that is the way the linear programming (LP) or qualitative
programming (QP) works. In practice, however, any actual
optimizing is marginal at best. This is due to
several reasons.4
MPC takes ALL of the credit for improved
performance. The benefit calculation is traditionally
based on vague industry experience and some assumptions that
are not always correct. For example, the performance will be
consistent, and all achieved benefits are due to the
MPC.5 In fact, all MPC performance is not consistent
because it is based on a local tested model. The achieved
benefit relies on the whole control system design
strategy, including regulatory control design, PID
parameter tuning, advanced regulatory control scheme and
advanced control design (inferential control, fuzzy logic,
system identification, supervisory control, MPC, etc.). More
important, once we modified the control strategy, tuned
parameters and updated the design, we will find that the
performance had already significantly improved. Is MPC really
Why are some examples successful
applications? First, the engineers or designers have
very good working knowledge about the process. They fully know
how the variables behave, including control-action direction,
operation limits, dead time, dynamic response, steady state,
etc. Secondly, the process control is a slow
systemany disturbance can be slowly eliminated by
feedback control as long as the control-action direction is
correct. Consider the MPC modeling process: the model is built
based on a local test data, and then the designer will
fabricate it according to their process knowledge. Is this the
right direction? Is the dead time okay? Is the steady state and
model gain fine? The model will be modified until the designers
are satisfied based on their process knowledge. There is no
model validation in MPC packages; the prediction
function that they have is using the modeling data for
data checkingthis is nothing. You must have more than 99%
data match in this prediction. In addition, this
knowledge-based model with many parameters does change online
based on operation: limit ranges, bias, model gain, etc. So, we
can understand why MPC is successful in certain applications
within a short operation range. As long as the action direction
is correct, the model works. Few industry people ask if this is
the best way to control and what is it worth?
If one uses MPC where a PID controller with feedforward
could work just as well, it is just a misapplication. For
example, what about using a multivariable controller (MVC) to
control a fired-heater outlet temperature by adjusting the
fuel? Even in the case where you have multiple control
variables and a single manipulated variable, a set of PID
controllers with some intelligent design would likely work
better than the MVC in a single-tower control, or even in a
couple of towers together. Other widely misapplied MPC
applications are, for inventory control, basic stability
control, long steady-state time processes, directly controlled
valves using MPC, etc. PID with
feedforward or many other control techniques are a simpler and
better performing solution.
A good combustion-control system will save energy and
improve the unit efficiency. This will depend on the fuel and
air flow both in steady-state and dynamic modes of the process.
In some petrochemical furnace systems, the
fuel and air are independently controlled by temperature and
oxygen. This absolutely devalues the combustion efficiency, in
particular, for dynamic processes, e.g., when changing the
temperature setpoints or disturbance happens.
Few combustion units are successfully controlled by MPC
since the system needs more intelligent factors. Most MPC
combustion-control designs use the fuel and air as MVs, and try
to rely on the local tested model to achieve the firing rate
demand. Obviously, this design does not consider efficient
combustion. The correct design is to use the ratio of fuel and
air as the MV. The idea for efficient combustion is to have air
lead the fuel on increases in demand for and fuel to lead air
on decreases in demand. On load increases, the air is increased
ahead of the fuel. On load decreases, the fuel is decreased
ahead of the air. This motivates us to develop cross-limiting
combustion control strategies.
A process system consists of inputs, outputs and internal
dynamics; they work in a fixed balance relationship at all
times. Sacrificing this relationship to get a local
control/optimization is a short-sighted method, and it
eventually will compromise the control/optimization, leading to
an unstable state. It is necessary to maintain the materials
balance at all times.
Consider these scenarios: 1) the feeds change; 2) outflows
have a large change; and 3) tower reflux has major change. All
of these conditions move the system into an unstable state or
the systems experience wide swings due to a break in the
balance relationship if there is no material balance control.
MPC is widely used in process systemsthe feed is normally
feedforward to the MPC control system. When we test the system,
we have to test it in a wide range, although, the MPC is still
in a local model. The model gain is not able to adapt to the
material-balance relationship when system inflows or outflows
Lets study one example: Feed, Fin
= 100; overhead outflow, FOH = 20; bottom
outflow, FBT = 30; sidedraw,
FSD = 50. Our design is to control the
sidedraw to maintain the whole system material balance and
stability, and to optimize the production using reflux
(R), FOH and
FBT. MPC can be used for the optimization,
but it cannot be used to control the material balance,
because it totally depends on the local model by step test. The
model gain cannot be adaptive to all situations.
For example, the current gain is FSD =
Fin = 50 =100, by optimization, the flow
distribution change to FOH = 10,
FBT = 20; so the sidedraw has to be
FSD = 70. The gain becomes
FSD = Fin = 70 = 100.
It is clear that MPC does not work if it is still using the old
gain. A material-balance supervisory control must be used to
adapt all feed changes and outflow changes due to production
optimization in maintaining system stability. This motivates us
to develop a principle-material-balance-supervisory control
Control technology developed very rapidly, and process
control is now ubiquitous within industries. With increasing
reliance on information technology, systematic
decision-making strategies are essential for effective and
efficient performance including petrochemical/refinery industry systems. To
maintain its successes, the industry must be flexible and
adaptable to new technologies, external pressures and changing
markets. All of these challenges require systematic improvement
methodology and advanced technologies for optimization, control
and planning. The most commonly used advanced control
techniques include:
Adaptive control: Controller changes over time
Intelligent control: Fuzzy logic, neural network,
expert systems
Supervisory control: Optimization by certain
Efficiency inferential without analyzer:
Optimization and modeling
Model predictive control: Multiple inputs and/or
outputs decouple solutions
Nonlinear control techniques: Nonlinear gain
scheduling, neuro-fuzzy control and challenging to derive
analytic results
Process modeling and system identification:
Principle and empirical models
Optimal control and stochastic control: Controller
minimizes a cost function of error and control energy or the
controller minimizes variance.
Most large companies have their own R&D or engineering
group to manage these challenges. They normally develop the
control methods for one unit and then transfer them to others.
These developments are very necessary and helpful for
companys long-term business goals. It is not good or
difficult to hire contractors for some specific developments.
However, some R&D or engineering groups do not have the
abilities to develop control technology for their facilities, although they may have
some process engineers with PhDs within the groups.
Some development work can be very ridiculous. For example,
consider tower-flood prediction by using a simple
material-balance calculation, and then applying it to every
unit. Likewise, consider using a simple MPC controller to
manage onstream-time to evaluate performance, and requiring all
units to keep the controller on whether it works well or not.
The superintendents always show off their controller onstream
time is above 90%. If the time is less than 90%, this will
affect operators bonuses. Here are some of practical
process engineering APC topics and development issues that we
always face:
DMC gain scheduling: An adaptive solution is
Combustion control strategy for furnaces and
heaters: Cross-limiting or fuzzy logic reasoning are
pH control problems: Nonlinear control gain
scheduling is needed.
For some tower level cascade flow control systems,
the level control is not important, the flow is important and
is required to be as stable as possible: Limit constrained
selective control strategy, and supervisory control strategy
are needed.
A tower feed or production flow change will cause
instability or big swing: Material balance supervisory control
is needed.
Controlling a tower bottom flow based on level and
pressure drop in regulatory control: Selective control and
logic selection mechanism are needed.
Inferential model development: System
identification and fuzzy logic or neural network techniques may
be needed.
Quality measurement is based on lab samples; there
are no online analyzer. Accurate inferential model can control
these processes: Rule-based fuzzy logic control or
expert-system control strategy is needed.
An important APC benefit is from management. A
knowledgeable, judicious management is able to pick up a
reasonable technology, maximize benefits and minimize costs.
The limitations of MPC have been thoroughly exposed, although
widely ignored.
Management of many companies has been seduced by the popular
myth that MPC is easy to implement and to maintain. This is a
misconception fostered at the highest management levels by
those most likely to benefit from the proliferation of various
MPC software packages. But this is not an overly pessimistic
picture of APC as it exists. Advanced control is very promising
provided that management clearly and correctly understands the
APC concept. A judicious management should encourage people to
develop the best approach for specific applications using
innovative technologies; to build reasonable process
performance tracking tools; to pay more attention to basic
regulatory control and tuning work; and to aggressively seek
change and/or improvements.
There is a wrong concept: MPC/DMC is better than traditional
control. Many managers and process engineers believe this
notion that MPC/DMC controllers can be deployed into every
plant system. Nobody is asking: Is it necessary? Does it
provide benefits? How does it work compared with other
techniques? Does it involve higher costs (design, test,
commissioning, maintenance, revamp, etc.)?
A simple question should be considered: MPC/DMC are not
suitable for most situations in refineries and petrochemical facilities. Table 1 lists a typical
comparison for a small process control system, say, 812
MVs using improvement-based intelligent control design and
software package based on standard MPC design.
Some control-engineering groups are willing offer software
packages (e.g., DMC) installer; MPC packages exactly provide
the tool for those who are eager for instant success and quick,
short-term profit. They can even collude with the vendors to
push selling their technology and services. There are incidents
when a client wanted to have the MPC implemented on a
particular unit even after they were told that it wouldnt
add any value. Who cares whether it would work or not, these
clients only wanted a MPC nameplate on their unit.
For political reasons, many ridiculous things can be seen in
plants. For example, a simple controller is designed as reflux
subtract on an operator setting constant to control material
balance of a tower. Although it does not work, especially when
feedrate changes or other flow changes occur, it is reported
this design can save energy at more than $1 million/yr, which
corresponds to 56 months of total energy usage by this
tower. This advanced control work was recognized by
the superintendent and also published in the internal
newspaper; nobody dared to say anythingsurely all were
blinded by technology.
Most companies define MPC projects as capital projects, or
almost 100% high-return projects are DMC based so that they can
apply for funding and use outside resources.
The argument is: time is money; using a contractor can get
the project implementation done as soon as possible and reap a
return. Conversely, people forget that:
Contractors need more time to study the system;
their expertise is in the software package. Contractors may not
be familiar with the specific application and may not have
enough control technical skills. Result: The
company will have to spend more time on the entire project,
normally, even a small project may need 612 months.
Extra cost will be needed to hire
The designer always ignores the nature of real
control problems and can pay more attention to the garish
function of the software package.
Instant benefit is often too tiny to define a
true capital project if considering cost, maintenance, revamp,
etc., and this tiny benefit is often easily obtained from basic
regulatory control change and tuning. Typically, the short-term
benefit of a DMC/MPC is 1%2% improvement, while a true
optimization technology-based APC long-term benefit is about
10%20%, conservatively speaking.
Technically, the professional control engineer is the right
person to determine what control technology should be used;
what package is suitable; what resource should be used,
especially if there is no political or management interference.
Control engineers must be proficient in control and improvement
skills and technologies. Process knowledge is necessary but not
critical in control engineering. Process engineers or DCS
engineers have too much superstition about MPC because they may
not have the knowledge about state equation, z
transform, system identification, impulse dead time analysis,
frequency response and so forth. Thus, process engineers try to
use a software package to replace the real control system
analysis and design. They try to use their process knowledge to
analyze the system instead of practical data statistical
analysis. A professional control engineer should also have
strong knowledge about process improvement methodology (six
sigma), control technologies (algorithms, control design,
modeling) and process performance evaluation techniques
(statistical analysis).
Standardizing a control technique using one software package
for company-wide plants is typically the wrong decision. The
benefits from standardization are often touted. This is
consistent with a recent trend in some large corporations, led
by process engineering group or IT departments, to
standardize technology solutions and then to
translate the standard solutions from one problem
to the next. The argument is: ease of implementation, low-cost
maintenance, reduction in training, flexible movement across
the whole organization, etc. Equally important, management is
also concerned should the designer moves/leaves, nobody can
take over or maintain the system. Thus, the automation group is
told to standardize the companys control strategy, DCS,
MPC package; thus the operating company can use this standard
exclusively for all control problems. Obviously, such an
approach ignores the nature of real control problems in the
plants and relegates control engineers to software transfer;
furthermore, this standard technique will waste huge dollars,
and lose significant opportunities for real improvement.
MPC technology has its limits. It is the local optimizer and
it does work well for one class of simple process. In
particular, MPC technology works very well in labs or
simulations because there is no unexpected issues such as model
mismatch, extra disturbances, unknown condition changes and
strong nonlinearity.
Fortunately, there are many other technologies for APC. It
is worth noting that APC benefits will rely on the capability
of technology, expertise of the designer and the reliability of APC methodology. It
is vital for management to audit APC benefits scientifically,
professionally and reasonably. It is strongly recommended that
an audit team reviews and approves the APC projects and audits
the benefits after the project. The benefit can be estimated
APC Benefit = (Optimum
Current operation) 3 C% 3
where C denotes capability of technology to capture
benefits for the application
E represents the expertise of implementation team
for the application
R represents the reliability of APC project methodology for the
These points should be kept in mind before APC
Execute a detailed APC definition and
justification study first. The study will provide a basis for
investment and control technology determinations.
Design the APC to solve operating problems and
optimize the process/operations. Use the principle of control
design techniquessimpler solutions to solve lower level
problems, with ascending, higher level solutions to achieve
more complex control, optimization objectives. Encourage
control engineers to think openly and use more control
strategies/technologies to improve systems. MPC is not
versatile; designing it correctly and efficiently is the urgent
work to be accomplished.
When implementing APC, the purpose is to improve
the process using the controller. Designers should pay more
attention to process performance instead of controller
evaluations. Professionally, there are many
methods/calculations to evaluate controller performance
depending on the objectives. For example, consider options such
as constraint and capability analysis, along with performance
evaluation in terms of user-specified benchmarks, but we have
to know the objective first. Having standardized companywide
key performance indicators (KPIs) and comparing them between
the sites is too difficult, and sometimes not necessary. It is
incredible to use MPC/DMC onstream time as a performance
measure to evaluate the control system. There are many examples
that demonstrate a controller showing high onstream time, but
the process operating performance is very bad. The company will
still use the controller because the superintendents want to
have a higher number. Performance evaluation and benefit
analysis are very necessary, and professional team should do
this task.
It is vital to track process critical variables
(cpk or process capability.) The critical variables can be
defined as CV in MPC, and/or something like energy efficiency
or production recovery. This kind of performance is absolutely
standard and can be easily compared between different sites for
different purposes.
MPC is very attractive for some process engineers, but it is
losing attention from many aspects (theory, modeling, cost,
practical performance, maintenance, software itself). It is
time for industry to have a revolution in APC; we need a
control-oriented package. MPC can be embedded in the DCS, if
needed. A judicious, intelligent-supervisory control system
package will emerge soon; this will be the new era of APC.
It is a general term for controlling many individual
controllers or control loops; a supervisory control scheme
offers the prospect of process optimization and human operation
intelligence. It is expected that the supervisory control
package will provide more powerful functions and feasible
supervisory algorithms. More important, it will provide the
platform for users to develop user algorithm or functions, such
as a material/energy balance model, fuzzy logic, neural
network, genetic algorithm, optimization algorithm, decouple
model, feedforward compensation, etc. MPC may be embedded into
the supervisory system, but it will provide more modeling tools
and model math expression. It will be a function block like a
PID controller, just needing a few parameters for the user; No
special software training is necessary.
The automation technology is widely applied in a multitude
of different industries. An extension of advanced control
technology is an emerging advanced technology. The bottom-line
driver for applying the advanced technology is its widely
demonstrated capability to improve process performance; reduce
costs for equipment and maintenance; and increase system
stability, reliability and the capability of
system fault tolerance.
APC design and implementation is state-of-the-art in modern
control engineering, and is full of challenges both in theory
and practice. After several decades of APC applications, it is
time for control engineers, both in industries and academies to
think about how to use it correctly and efficiently; to pave
the path for its next direction; and, more important, move
forward to the development and conception. But, the development
and application of next-generation APC is definitely attractive
and promising for industry. HP
1 Ford, J., Jim
Fords views on advanced process control,
Hydrocarbon Processing, November
2006, pp.1920.
2 Friedman, Y. Z., What happened to simple
useful APC techniques?, Hydrocarbon Processing,
March 2008, p. 126.
3 Hugo, A., Limitations of model predictive
controllers, Hydrocarbon Processing, January
2000, pp. 8388.
4 Ford, J., APC: A status reportthe
patient is still breathing! White Paper from APC
5 Kern, A. G., Outlook for multivariable
predictive control, Hydrocarbon Processing, October
2008, p. 33.
Dr. Jin Wang is working in the
development of advanced control, system optimization
and process improvement at Nalco Co. He holds BS and MS
degrees, and a PhD in process control and industrial
instrumentation with first class honors from
Northeastern University and the Chinese University of
Hong Kong. He held assistant professor position in the
chemical engineering department of West Virginia
University Institute of Technology, and research
position at Carnegie Mellon University. He joined
industry as a senior control engineer and engineering
scientist for Lyondell and PPG Inc. He is a
professional in advanced control engineering. Dr.
Wangs major interests include advanced process
control, modeling, optimization, measurement system,
robust and adaptive nonlinear control, intelligent
control systems, nonlinear output regulation, with
special emphasis on process improvement applications to
refinery, petrochemical/chemical,
metallurgical, power and other fields. He has authored
over 20 reference journal papers and 40 conference
papers. Dr. Wang is the senior member of IEEE, Control
System Society and a senior member of ISA.
All comments are subject to editorial review.
All fields are compulsory.
R Sens
This article clearly was not up to the standard normally published in Hydrocarbon Processing. A few quotes and comments on them:"Process knowledge is necessary but not critical in control engineering." -> This contradicts just about every article written about APC in the past 30 years."MPC packages tend to hide technical stuff, and good ones will assist through commissioning." -> I love the use of the word "stuff" -- a very good technical term. I think his point is that bad packages hide "technical stuff" through commissioning. "For example, a simple controller is designed as reflux subtract on an operator setting constant to control material balance of a tower." -> All I can say is friends don't let friends drink and write technical papers."MPC is not versatile; designing it correctly and efficiently is the urgent work to be accomplished" -> MPC is versatile. But if we agreed with the author, why would we place any urgency on designing something that is not versatile?"Material balance issues in MPC design". -> No APC engineer worth his salt would open a level controller without also including that level in the design as a controlled variable. In his example, if the "MPC" is adjusting the overhead rate and bottoms rate, then both levels would need to be in the controller."A simple question should be considered: MPC/DMC are not suitable for most situations in refineries and petrochemical facilities." -> Sorry, what's the question?"Some control-engineering groups are willing offer software packages (e.g., DMC) installer; MPC packages exactly provide the tool for those who are eager for instant success and quick, short-term profit." -> I didn't get the first part of this at all. Wait, I don't get the second part, either.
Biren Das Biswas
Comment on Mr. Wang's article and notes on Myth vs. facts. With smart instrumentation modern DCS have additional APC features in built which will be useful for MPC controller e.g. furnace draft and stack %Oxygen control. But this will not eliminate other constraints in heater operation to comply design limit and firing control. APC features inbuilt in smart PID controller might work for a simple heater and tower control. For a complex heater like Delayed Coker, Crude/ Vacuum, Visbreaking furnace MPC makes operators life much easier and no doubt increases heater run length. In newly designed refinery and petrochemical units client is looking for suitability of process units for future APC implementation: right instruments at right place. If the future trend of APC is obscure and there is no proven benefit from APC technology (1%-2% as per the author) why do we care for APC implementation during detailed engineering stage? Mr. Wang is confused with his statement in Expert systems. MPC technology has never been applied or the controller turned on during startup / shutdown, emergency and abnormal conditions of process plant. The rule of MPC to work is steady state (LP) and steady state prediction. Mr. Wang's statement the "designer will fabricate the model according to their process knowledge" and that "there is no model validation in MPC packages". Prediction error / integrated prediction error are the tools of MPC controller model mismatch and to take necessary correction in model. APC engineers work closely with operators and will not be allowed to perform function with a model mismatch. Simply operator will turn the controller off. As stated above MPC is not to stabilize / optimize during abnormal operation. However if the model is developed and tested for such operation MPC shall be doing what it's suppose to do. For example in a 4 drum 2 heater Delayed Coker, feed to fractionator is changed by 50% where as for an 8 drum 4 heater feed is changed by 25%! MPC model captures DVs as "coke drum switch", "steam to fractionators", "steam to steam out tower", "coke drum heating" etc as counter. Model works well for a Delayed Coker and MPC have been implemented for many units as big as 184 KBPD!This is not true that MPC is applicable to each and every process units. When site wide MPC is applied there are only a few complex unit where MPC controllers are developed and implemented. Traditional Advanced Control (TAC) with smart PID controllers is good for many process units without complexity. There are many inaccurate statements in Mr. Wang's article e.g., "Who cares whether it would work or not, these clients only wanted a MPC nameplate on their unit".The author has emphasized,"MPC benefit is 1%-2% , where as a true optimization technology-based APC long-term benefit is about 10% – 20% , conservatively speaking". MPC is a local optimizer; real time optimizer is a site wide optimizer which works on external target through MPC. Any othe
A McIntosh
Mr. Wang suggests that the "designer will fabricate the model according to their process knowledge" and that "there is no model validation in MPC packages". While it is true that some process knowledge is required, powerful identification techniques are used to model the response of the system and these tools also provide estimates of model uncertainty which are used to determine which relationships should be incorporated into a final model of the process. Prediction errors are routinely monitored during controller commissioning, not just during plant test periods. The development of inferentials (online product quality estimates) is often one of the most important tasks in an APC project. It is typical to use the partial least squares (PLS) algorithm to estimate coefficients in cases where the underlying process measurements are correlated to some extent. It is not necessary to use a "rule-based fuzzy logic control or expert-system control strategy". Many managers and process engineers have put considerable effort into answering the questions: "Is (APC) necessary? Does it provide benefits? How does it work compared with other techniques?" Any they have concluded that MPC is very suitable for many process units in refineries and petrochemical facilities. Mr. Wang does not provide any details as to how it is possible to "always" capture benefits using a "global model", with no process unit testing, and with "tiny" maintenance, using only DCS software and "intelligent analysis". Finally, it is a great insult to the experienced APC engineers I have had the pleasure to work with to suggest that "the designer always ignores the nature of real control problems and can pay more attention to the garish function of the software package."
A McIntosh
This paper contains a large number of wildly inaccurate statements and many opinions which are not supported by references or solid evidence. (Some sections also include phrases and sentences which do not make any sense.)Model predictive controllers do not assume that knowledge regarding the process is perfect and that all disturbances have been identified any more than traditional controls or improvement-oriented methods (whatever that means, since the author does not provide sufficient detail to understand this terminology). All rely on a combination of feedforward and feedback from process measurements. While it is true that MPC has been mis-applied in some situations and sold as a solution to regulatory control problems when it should not have been, there are a large number of successful applications which are delivering value year after year on just about every hydrocarbon processing unit in existence. A small number of opinion papers written by a few authors do not allow one to conclude that "the limitations of MPC have been thoroughly exposed". A well designed MPC application can perform well in the face of changes to the operating point, just as a PID loop can handle significant changes in the gain and dynamics of the process. It is simply not true that "re-vamp work is inevitable once the operating point changes". It is also not true that MPC technology only "works well in labs or simulations because there is no unexpected issues such as model mismatch, extra disturbances, unknown condition changes and strong nonlinearity." Model predictive controllers have proven that they can handle all of these characteristics of processes and in a way that is transparent to the operator and maintainable by a control engineer. Rigorous benefits studies have been undertaken for many APC projects which involve model predictive control. A combination of statistical and other methods are normally employed. It is well understood that some of the benefit associated with a project is due to the additional focus which is placed on the operating unit and not solely on the control application. However, the model predictive controller is frequently key to the capture of large benefits. Mr. Wang does not provide any references to justify his assertion that "typically, the short-term benefit of a DMC/MPC is 1%–2% improvement, while a true optimization technology-based APC long-term benefit is about 10%–20%, conservatively speaking."He suggests that the "designer will fabricate the model according to their process knowledge" and that "there is no model validation in MPC packages". While it is true that some process knowledge is required, powerful identification techniques are used to model the response of the system and these tools also provide estimates of model uncertainty which are used to determine which relationships should be incorporated into a final model of the process. Prediction errors are routinely monitored during controller
In all of the discussion there is no mention of the issue of control of an operating process against it's performance constraints. Without constraint control there is very little incentive to implement MPC in refineries and this is what this author misses. As a pioneer of MVC technology this article reminds me of the whining complaints I heard 25 years ago from "experts" who didn't have a clue about how multivariable CONSTRAINT control works.
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Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
Is 2016 the peak for US gasoline demand?
Too soon to tell
July 2016


text:
6 Prank Gadgets That Only a Sociopath Would Actually Use
#3. The Fake Pregnancy Test
Because every healthy relationship is based on sadism and deceit, the Fake Pregnancy Test is a $9.98 gag product specifically designed to convince your significant other that you're having a fictional child. It looks like a completely regular pregnancy test, except it always comes up positive (the company that makes it is presumably already working on an AIDS test that does the same thing).
Random Good Stuff
It's never been cheaper to prove you're a terrible person.
Supposedly this thing is meant to help you find out if your boyfriend is a moral person ... by being the complete opposite to him. The official product description includes the phrase "sleep with your married boss and watch him squirm" -- we honestly can't tell if that's a joke or part of the instructions. It's hard to tell. To give an idea of the level of humor we're dealing with here, the page also includes the words "You May Also Be Interested In THE DICK TOWEL" (caps in the original).
We are, but that's not the point.
Besides the suggested method of use, the Fake Pregnancy Test can also be used to play a variety of other "pranks," like convincing another girl she's pregnant, leaving it in a teenager's room for her parents to find, giving false hope to a couple that's trying, etc. There's nothing you can do with this piece of plastic that won't make you a worse human being.
In fact, this may actually be more useful as a tool for terminating unwanted relationships: Simply prove to the other person how much of a bastard you are and wait for them to leave you.
"But not for at least two or three months!"
#2. TitleTV Poltergeist Phantom Prank Device
Ever had a friend whose idea of a joke is to turn off the TV during the climatic part of the movie or the decisive moment of the game? Different people have different interpretations of the concept of humor, and some are just idiots. The TV Poltergeist Phantom Prank Device is like having that guy in your house all the time, every day, for weeks. Also he's a ghost.
With crappy taste.
The TV Poltergeist is a small box that can be easily planted in almost any room, at which point it will start turning on and off a nearby TV at random intervals of five to 20 minutes for as long as the batteries last (which, according to Amazon, can be for months). It also works on DVD players and VCRs, apparently, so depending on how cluttered your living room is, you could easily waste hundreds of dollars replacing "faulty" equipment before finding it.
That's without counting the money you'll waste on Ghostbusters.
And that's it. That's all this thing does. It's a $13 piece of machinery created to act on behalf of your annoying douchebag friend when he's not around. And because those guys tend to be loud and obnoxious, the same company has also produced a similar device called Annoy-A-Tron to take care of that part for as little as $9.99:
Plus every friendship you've ever had.
That small, easy to hide gadget produces three different types of annoying beeps and frequencies at varying pitches -- since the beeps are short and random, they can become extremely grating over time, while remaining difficult to locate. Oh, and this one also lasts for weeks, at which point it could reduce anyone to a paranoid mess. This company apparently has an entire department devoted to thinking up new ways of being the worst friend ever ... but hey, at least they haven't figured out how to create a gadget that makes people puke.
Unfortunately someone else has ...
#1. Sonic Nausea
Sonic weapons are a type of technology that governments have developed as a nonviolent alternative to traditional methods of crowd control (unless you consider headaches, vomiting and loss of balance to be violent, that is). This is highly unpleasant military-level technology here -- so obviously someone created an affordable gag version of it.
"Use with extreme discretion" or, y'know, whenever.
Yes, this Sonic Nausea gadget is just a few clicks away from any dick in the world with about $40 to his name. Like the Annoy-A-Tron, it's easy to hide and difficult to find. Unlike the other gadgets in this list, it's not just annoying, it actually causes physical consequences like "headaches, intense irritation, sweating, imbalance, nausea or even vomiting." It's like that PC Prank thing, only for your brain, and instead of messing with your cursor, maybe it loosens up your bowels.
He's laughing on the inside.
The gadget works by generating a specific combination of sound waves calculated to make you physically ill. The effect varies from person to person: Users over the net have described it as a "slightly queasy feeling, almost like you have to belch but can't, and it's lasted about 15 minutes" and "disruption to concentration in some, heightened aggression in one individual and downright irritation to many younger people."
As far as pranks go, this is as hilarious as infecting someone with a bad flu. At least you don't have to worry about your computer, phone, TV or girlfriend bothering you while you tend to that migraine. Speaking of which, we've actually done the math, and it would take a minimum of $239.92 (plus shipping) for a dedicated asshole to buy all the gadgets mentioned in this article and use them against you. Our advice to avoid this, we guess, is don't have shitty friends.
Only available for use by military, law enforcement or literally anyone with a credit card.
For more products to improve your dickishness, check out The 10 Most Baffling Computer Gadgets Money Can Buy and The 13 Most Irresponsible Self Defense Gadgets Money Can Buy.


text:
Heritage Farming in the Southwest
Code: H1085 Author: Gary Paul Nabhan Publisher: Western National Parks Association ISBN: 9781583691212 Soft cover: 64 pages, 6" x 9".
Member Price: $8.50
Non-Member Price: $9.95
Heritage farming builds on the time-tried successes of the past to grow food that is good for you and good for the farmer. This book tells the story of small-scale farming using methods that will keep us and the land healthy for generations to come, using crops and livestock that have been bred over long periods of time to adapt to regional conditions. ^~Author: Gary Paul Nabhan ^~Publisher: Western National Parks Association ^~ISBN: 9781583691212 ^~Soft cover: 64 pages, 6" x 9".


text:
Jordan CP3.V Kids Basketball Shoes
Buy Online & Pick Up In-Store
Chris Paul's signature Jordan basketball shoe. If you're looking for fast then the Jordan CP3.V is a perfect match. The triangular cutouts throughout the upper do provide additional breathability, but if you count them up, there are 61 cutouts in total. This pays homage to Chris scoring 61 points in a high-school game to honor his grandfather who passed away at age 61.


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Seriously? Not even one comment? Oops.....
Sweet, I have a gift card & need some accessories for the new tablet I bought a week ago.


text:
Paper stock certificates becoming collectors' items
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text:
24 Aug 2011 12:50 AM #1
Unanswered: MVC with dynamic loading and... i18n ?
I would like to translate my ExtJS application in different languages. My issue is that I'm using ExtJS MVC framework, and most of my JS files are downloaded dynamically by the framework itself.
The ideal solution (that I thought of) would be to have an extra option in the Ext.Loader (or in my Ext.app.Application) that would define the language to use, and depending on this to automatically download such file as "a.MyClass.fr.js" after loading my "a.MyClass.js" (which would contain an Ext.apply, overriding my string resources). That's probably not available in the ExtJS framework at the moment.
The alternative solution I can see, is to perform a trick on the server-side. First, a cookie would be created on the client, to set to the language. On the server-side, I could catch all the requests to JS files, then if a cookie is set (='fr' for example), I'd combine the requested JS file (MyClass.js) with its i18n's friend (MyClass.fr.js) dynamically on the server and return the result. That would work, but it's really tricky because it implies other things (caching...).
Maybe the best way is to implement the first behavior I described in the ExtJS framework myself...
What do you think? I'm looking for a really clean and neat way of doing it! Thanks
24 Aug 2011 1:23 AM #2
If you want to dynamically download a file, and assuming the loader is enabled, you could do:
PHP Code:
24 Aug 2011 1:40 AM #3
It's actually a test environment, I can + enjoy to use dynamic loading, and it's pretty convenient within the MVC framework as well. So that would be another issue / question
I could use Ext.require, but... with what? Where? I don't know when my file ("MyClass.js") is going to be loaded, and I need to apply my localization right after it (apply).
It would be nice to have an "afterload" listener on the Ext.Loader: I could then have a handler on it, which would actually call Ext.require with my localized filename ("MyClass.fr.js").
The hierarchy of folders within the MVC framework is quite strict and nice (controller / model / store / view...), but it would be nice to have a "i18n" folder that would be managed as well as the rest.
24 Aug 2011 1:53 AM #4
You may try to have a "require" directly in MyClass.js, so you are sure MyClass-lang.js is loaded when MyClass is loaded.
24 Aug 2011 5:19 PM #5
Mmm, I would have to add those "require" on all my classes then, manually. I could maybe create a patch (Ext.apply) on the Ext.Component (right before to create my Application), so that the constructor will check if there are any "require" to perform. Wouldn't be too hard and too dirty, isn't it?
25 Aug 2011 5:39 AM #6
25 Aug 2011 8:20 PM #7
It's nice but not really helping neither. I still want to be able to have one resource file for each class I have. I think I'll try to make it by myself now then post it here.
26 Aug 2011 8:33 AM #8
EDIT: damn forum software!
What about creating a class preprocessor that adds a dependency on the resource file to the class definition.
Something like this:
Ext.Class.registerPreprocessor('resourceloader', function(cls, data) { var dependencies = data.requires = data.requires || []; dependencies.push(data.$className + 'Resources'); }, true).setDefaultPreprocessorPosition('resourceloader', 'after', 'className');
Besides, if a resource file is missing, the class loading process will break (since it is a *required* dependency).
30 Aug 2011 6:42 PM #9
Sorry I didn't come back earlier with a reply, mberrie. That's definitely what I was looking for, thanks very much for that ! And it lead me to read all the articles about ExtJS 4 Class system all over again I'm still working on my i18n dynamic loading, it's a bit tricky, but I may come with a solution very soon. I'll post it asap, then later I'll need your help to make it better and really helpful for more developers.
31 Aug 2011 2:20 AM #10
Okay, here is my first attempt to do this. It works in my environment. This code must be loaded at the beginning, then there is some documentation at the beginning (it should be enough). I am going to enhance it now, and to test it a bit more, but please try it on your side too I'll upload it on github or somewhere else later.
/* // LOCALE LOADER // Author: Jordy Theiller // Update: 2011/08/31 LocaleLoader can be used to dynamically load the resources files. To enabled it, this must be done right after or before Ext.Loader.setConfig: Ext.Loader.setLocale({ enabled: true, language: 'fr', types: [ 'controller', 'view' ] }); This configuration will enable the dynamic localization, using the 'fr' locale, for the controllers and views (or more specifically, the namespace that contains your application name + type). The localization files have to be in this folder: '/locale/{language}'. For instance, with the previous configuration, it would be found in '/locale/fr'. Localization files must contain classes which will redefine string resources (which areused in the normal classes). For instance, if we have a 'MyApp.controller.Coordinator', the localization file would be '/locale/fr/controller/Coordinator.js' and would contain something like: Ext.define('MyApp.locale.fr.controller.Coordinator', { xDeleteCurrentTabConfirmation: "Souhaitez-vous vraiment supprimer cet onglet ?" }); Please note that the resource attributes MUST start with the letter 'x'. Of course, the 'MyApp.controller.Coordinator' class also contains the 'xDeleteCurrentTabConfirmation' string that should be, ideally, in English (as a default language). If the strings aren't found in the locale file, the defaults strings will be used. Ext.define('MyApp.controller.Coordinator', { xDeleteCurrentTabConfirmation: "Do you really want to remove this tab?" }); ** FURTHER CONFIGURATION ** The 'localized' property can be used on classes to disable the automatic loading of its locale file. By default, localized will be considered 'true'. */ Ext.apply(Ext.Loader, { locale: { enabled: false, language: null, path: 'locale', types: [] }, setLocale: function (config) { Ext.apply(this.locale, config); this.initLocaleManager(); }, initLocaleManager: function () { if (!this.locale.enabled) { return; } // LOCALE LOADER Ext.Class.registerPreprocessor('localeLoader', function (cls, data, callback) { var scope = Ext.Loader; var className = data.$className; var type = null; // LOADING A CLASS THAT REQUIRES A LOCALE FILE if (scope.locale.enabled && data.localized !== false && className.indexOf(".locale." + scope.locale.language) === -1) { for (var c in scope.locale.types) { var currentType = scope.locale.types[c]; if (className.indexOf(currentType) != -1) { type = currentType; } } if (type != null) { var dependencies = data.requires = data.requires || []; var appName = className.substring(0, className.indexOf("." + type)); var dependency = appName + ".locale." + scope.locale.language + "." + className.substring(appName.length + 1); dependencies.push(dependency); } } }, true).setDefaultPreprocessorPosition('localeLoader', 'first'); // LOCALE APPLIER Ext.Class.registerPreprocessor('localeApplier', function (cls, data, fn) { var scope = Ext.Loader; var className = data.$className; var type = null; // LOADING A LOCALE CLASS if (scope.locale.enabled && data.localized !== false && className.indexOf(".locale." + scope.locale.language) === -1) { for (var c in scope.locale.types) { var currentType = scope.locale.types[c]; if (className.indexOf(currentType) != -1) { type = currentType; } } if (type != null) { var appName = className.substring(0, className.indexOf("." + type)); var dependency = appName + ".locale." + scope.locale.language + "." + className.substring(appName.length + 1); var a = Ext.create(dependency); var localeProperties = { }; for (var c in a) { if (c[0] === 'x') { localeProperties[c] = a[c]; } }; Ext.apply(data, localeProperties); } } }, true).setDefaultPreprocessorPosition('localeApplier', 'last'); } });