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Hope for the next Pope? Nope.
I am with Garry Wills in finding myself unable to get too excited about the selection of a new pope:
[A] new pope will be elected by cardinals who were elevated to office by the very popes who reaffirmed eternal truths like the teaching on contraception. They were appointed for their loyalty, as were the American bishops who stubbornly upheld the contraception nonsense in our elections. Will the new conclave vote for a man who goes against the teachings of his predecessors? Even if they do, can the man chosen buck the structure through which he rose without kicking the structure down? These considerations have given the election of new popes the air of watching Charlie Brown keep trying to kick the football, hoping that Lucy will cooperate.
The selection process is utterly bereft of the characteristics of participation and transparency that virtually all of us would demand as criteria of legitimacy in any other context. It is possible, I suppose, that the process will somehow misfire and yield a Pope who affirms values of openness and accountability. Now that would surely be a sign of divine intervention.
About the Author
Eduardo Moisés Peñalver is the Allan R. Tessler Dean of the Cornell Law School. He is the author of numerous books and articles on the subjects of property and land use law.
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Agree. Garry Wills's new book, Why Priests? A Failed Tradition, was published yesterday.http://www.amazon.com/Why-Priests-Failed-Tradition-ebook/dp/B008EKMAKG/r... the first few pages he reminds us of what Jesus said about the Sadducees and Pharisees: "Everything they do is done to impress people. They enlarge their tefillins and lengthen their tassels. . . . Do not address any man on earth as father, since you have only one Father and he is in heaven."Wills asks: "What could be more against this teaching than popes who adopt the title, 'Holy Father'?"
I prefer Colbert for Pope -- and he schools Wills rather nicely here!http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/423715/february-1...(I think this is the closest that Colbert's onscreen and real life persona have ever come to meeting)
I wonder what Garry Wills would be like as pope?
Wills is right about the structure being more important than the person, unless the person has the sense to start dismantling the structure. I would never discount the actions of the Holy Spirit, but also think that the Lord helps those who help themselves. Dislodging autocracies is a tricky thing. Change will happen when the faithful get it together enough to give the bishops reason to change, through the exercise of their voices and their pocketbooks. I think he's off the mark on priests, though. Someone has to be designated to execute the sacred rituals. Doesn't have to be a celibate male, but it has to be someone.
John XXIII was elected by Pius XII, and if not by him by Pius XI. John himself was made a cardinal by Pius XII. Could he buck the structure without kicking the structure down? (There are those who say he didn't buck the structure, and those who say he did. And those, here and there, who say he didn't buck the structure but did kick it down anyway. We can ignore the last bunch even if they are prominent in this country.)I would think the cardinals getting ready for the next conclave know, better than anyone else, what's off the rails and are thinking in terms of who will fix it. The aura of perfection so many sycophants puffed up around John Paul II may have wowed them once, but now that Benedict XVI has restored the human dimension to the papacy perhaps the cardinals can do their job right. I am ever the optimist.
Whoops sorry, that first sentence should begin "John XXIII was elected by cardinals appointed by Pius..." (Hit submit instead of scrolling. Old age.)
Someone has to be designated to execute the sacred rituals. Doesnt have to be a celibate male, but it has to be someone.I hope you will consider reading the sample of Wills's book at Amazon. He reminds us in the first few pages that no one was so designated.
How sad, for both gentlemen.
Wills is right theologically. The Eucharist is essentially the Body of Christ which means all the fiathful as Paul calls us- the Body of Christ. Augustine states this in sermon 272 clearly. Orthodoxy refers to this sermon as proving Augustine believed in transubstantiation which is exactly the opposite. Wills is right about priests. This failed concept has brought about too many abuses whereby the
(continued, sorry)priests are sacralized and are not held accountable. It took Vatican II to make clear the opposite. So priests should refused to be called father in contradiction to the words of Jesus. Neither should the pope.
I was a young priest when I chose to write a master's thesis on the priesthood and (lacking skill in German or French) read everything there was in English on the origins of the priesthood as it was being lived in 1968. To my horror, I discovered that the priesthood as we know it reached an historical cul-de-sac sometime around the 300's. The national bishops' group asked biblical scholars to do the same study and I was comforted that those men, much more erudite than I, reached the same conclusion. The bishops then dumped the study. What Wills says is not exactly news, then. The problem began when it suddenly became fashionable to model priests after the Levites of the Old Testament. Since they abstained from sex while offering sacrifice, enforced celibacy could not be far behind. I disagree that we no longer need priests. What we need are priests and bishops who are not drowning in a huge sense their own essential difference from the ordinary flock. We need to get lay people, including women, into the leadership mix. We need married priests, male or female.
A wise and seasoned former colleague of mine (a priest) once told me that he doesn't expect much from leadership on that level (church hierarchy, the Pope), and he is pleasantly surprised if he gets it. I have kept that advice in mind ever since and have not been disappointed. And except for rare, but shining, instances, I have not been pleasantly surprised either.
No doubt what Wills says about scripture and the early Church is true. But as Catholics, we consider the tradition itself as a form of revelation, no? So Wills could be right and the priesthood still of value (especially if it is not limited to celibate males with four years of post-graduate education). Even in the secular understanding of the sacred, there is a soul who is designated to perform a ritual, and in the witnessing of it, the participants enter into the experience of the sacred. (Think the ritual of the Changing of the Guard at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, which certainly qualifies as a sacred event.) That's what we need to get back to, without all the claptrap of monarchy and clericalism.
Everybody wants to go back to some era when it was the "real" church, it seems. For Wills, sometime around the first Pentecost, I think. For the pope, probably around the fourth century -- though Bavaria in the 1930s is a close second. For others the Middle Ages, still other the years before Vatican II and others right after Vatican II. Nostalgia seems to be everyone's preferred theological lens. I just wish I could go back to this morning's Mass and fix the music...
After watching Wills on Colbert, I wish to say, as emphatically as possible, that I am not with him.
I prefer Colbert for Pope and he schools Wills rather nicely here!David Gibson,I think he "schools" Wills with the kind of things we learned in grade school and high school in the 1950s, such as Jesus made Peter the first pope when he said, "You are Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church." I thought Wills' appearance was unfortunate, but kind of for the same reason the author of The Rape of Nanking would certainly have declined to appear in a five-minute spot on a comedy show. Those interviews on The Colbert Report are often worthwhile when they sound like a bad idea, but there are just some topics that aren't appropriate.
God bless Gary Wills. He's practical, historical, and Intelligent. He also, most of all. knows how to put a little humor in it. I love the football and Charlie Brown.
I am trying not to be quite so gloomy as Eduardo and Garry Wills, keeping always before me the surprise of John XXIII. I fully believe that the conclave will be enlightened by the Holy Spirit. But I'm afraid I don't believe there's any law, divine or human, that assures us its members will take her advice.
My first remark was about the article in the NYT. I just saw the Colbert interview, and I think that I could never accept his stance on Transubstantiation. The Eucharist and the Mass is my greatest anchor in my faith.
For subscribers only, John Baldovin's review of Garry Wills's 'Why Priests?':http://www.commonwealmagazine.org/cult-hit
The spiritual traditions that I am most familiar with, Catholic and First Nation, specifically Oji- Cree all have a pretty strong component of ritual attached to them and somebody needs to lead this rituals. Usually, there is some kind of process and the leader of the ritual is somebody who lives the life and is recognized as such by the community. I am with Jeanne on that point. There is the sacred and we need to be brought into that space. I would bet that even in Christian traditions that have no ordained ministers such as the Quakers, they still have preferred "go to" people to lead services.
The celebration of the Body of Christ in remembering and proclaiming the life, death and resurrection of Jesus is quite sacred, redeeming and fruitful. We just do not need narcissists taking it over.
Garry Wills's blog post at Huff yesterday:http://www.huffingtonpost.com/garry-wills/solving-the-priest-shortage_b_...
The announced resignation of Pope Benedict has set in motion the process of selecting a new Bishop of Roman and leader of the Catholic church. Cardinals will gather in early March and enter into conclave and proclaim during the election process that they are voting for the individual whom they believe God has directed them. There is an absolute conviction that the Holy Spirit is guiding the Cardinals in this process.In his act of resignation, the Pope has made an ecclesiological act. He has reminded the church that becoming Pope is not an ordination, nor by the way is becoming a cardinal. There is no ontological change in becoming a Pope. The Papacy, or better, the Petrine ministry is an office presently attached to the Bishop of Rome. It is not a personal office as in priestly ordination of Episcopal ordination, even though it is always personal. One need not be Pope for life as Benedicts action reminds us.I am wondering if another ecclesiological truth should also now be recovered. Sadly, one has the impression from numerous media reports that the Cardinals under 80 will select the next Bishop of Rome and Pope. While this perspective is true for the process of selection, the Cardinals if fact must attend to the whole communion which is the church and act in harmony with this communion. The media reports paint a picture of a very exclusive hierarchical and clerical church. In fact, the Cardinals are attentive to the developments, challenges, questions and issues facing the global Catholic communion which has become more and more diverse. The Cardinals bring into the conclave the real Catholic communities around the world who enter into the guidance of the Holy Spirit directing each Cardinals vote.Perhaps this is an opportune time for the Catholic faithful around the world to become even more involved in the process of selecting the successor of Peter. Perhaps in the next two weeks Catholic can write, e-mail or text the different Cardinals and communicate the sensus fidelium, the experience, wisdom and insights of the various local churches who are THE CHURCH. Let the faithful be heard. We are a church of clergy and laity and the Spirit works throughout the body. Voting for the Pope is the responsibility of the cardinals, choosing a Pope is the responsibility of the whole church.
Maybe if the role focused more on ministering rather than cultic things (not excluding them, but not putting them in first place, either) then the title "Minister" would be more appropriate. The Protestants learned that quite some time back even if the "low church" ones did downplay the cultic things.BTW, John Allen doesn't think that all is lost (but, then, he is the internal church mouse optimist, as well): http://ncronline.org/blogs/ncr-today/why-resignation-may-mean-conclave-o...
I'm not holding my breath waiting for the cardinals to rescue the Catholic Church. Not going to happen for all the reasons written above. I have a deep belief that the narrative of the future of Catholicism, and Christianity for that matter, will be written, for better or for worse, by just regular folks, not irrelevant and alienated hierarchs.If the Holy Spirit even still bothers with the conclave she would contrive the election of a humble man who would recognize that the only way to save the church, the only way out of the mess that Ratzinger and his "brother bishops" have led the church to, is to LET THE PEOPLE DECIDE!Will the church have the wisdom to avoid the certain fate that the forces of evolution seem ready to extract from Christianity? I don't know if there is another J23rd out there - after all, geniuses of the human heart like that only come around every millennia or so.The best hope for the Catholic Church would be for the cardinals to have the humility to acknowledge their historic failures of the last fifty years. I just don't think they have it in them - I really believe that they believe they have been doing just a superb job!My sainted sixth-grade teacher, Sister Mary Adelaide, [referencing Aquinas, I think] always told us that "Grace builds on nature." All the evidence around us tells us that the cardinals' true nature is to seek after power and privilege. The cardinals are not the stuff of apostles.
Knowing that our primitive ancestors in the Christian faith did not have "priests", and knowing how the "priests on pedestals" mentality contributed to the widespread clerical sexual abuse of children, episcopal coverups/etc., and papal indifference to all the aforementioned, why the hell does the Church of Rome continue to refer to its ordained frontline clergy as "priests". As the good sisters taught us kids in parochial school more than 50 years ago, a "priest" mediates between God and Man by offering "sacrifice" to God on behalf of the people. Arguments for some kind of organizational/institutional hierarchy aside, such ecclesiology is the perfect setup for all the crap we've seen revealed in recent years (no thanks to the Church of Rome's leaders, by the way).Jesus never identified himself as a "priest" but only as a "prophet". Peter and Stephen acknowledge Jesus as "prophet". As noted, Jesus did not descend from the priestly line in Judaism. Baptism conferred priesthood (or at least admission to a priestly community) in primitive Christianity. At least Vatican II retrieved the term 'presbyterate' from the primitive churches. As Kenan Osborne has noted in his PRIESTHOOD: A HISTORY OF THE ORDAINED MINISTRY IN THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH, liturgical presidership was based on a person's community leadership. Today (and I guess going back perhaps hundreds of years), this picture is reversed: community leadership is based on one's liturgical presidership. I've heard that B16 has discouraged use of the word 'presbyter' in Catholic discussion. We need to jettison use of the form of address "Father". Absent anything better, I prefer the term "Pastor" as used in some other Christian denominations. Rome's protestations to the contrary, we do have de facto women liturgical presiders in the wider Catholic world. Do we address these presbyters (or "priests") as "Father"?I hope we get a pope who FINALLY moves the Church of Rome forward in the spirit of Vatican II. We must face our history, good and bad, and take corrective measures as necessary. We may need the transcendant --- but not the way in which it's been understood and exercised.
With all due respect for Garry Wills, the historical Jesus is arguably best understood as an example of a shaman.Now, all men and all women have the potentiality to become shamans. However, most men and most women do not develop this particular potentiality to the degree that the historical Jesus did, because they develop other potentialities instead to a far greater extent than they develop this particular potentiality.But in my estimate, the Jesuit spiritual director Anthony de Mello (1931-1987) from India did develop his shaman potentiality to an extent comparable to the extent to which the historical Jesus developed his shaman potentiality. I base my estimate of the extent to which Tony de Mello developed his shaman potentiality on his own perceptive comments in works such as THE WAY TO LOVE: MEDITATIONS FOR LIFE (reissued Image, 2012) and other works and on his spiritual conferences during his lifetime.Nevertheless, I agree with Garry Wills that there is no hope that the next pope will be significantly different from the two most recent popes.
I talked to three persons about the pope's resignation.- The first one said: "I am very excited. It gives a sense of possibility."- The second one said: "Yes, I heard about it, but frankly, no matter who is the next pope, I doubt it's going to make any difference for us in practice."- The third one said: "Why did he resign? He said that he was no longer strong enough. Could it be that the forces of evil are closing in around him? That does not seem very auspicious."
I think that it is worth noting that we know very little about the community structures and liturgical practices of the early Christians. So while the Church's account of its origins in the primitive church is idealized and unhistorical, I'm not sure if it makes sense to posit a different idealized, equally unhistorical model of what the earliest church was like.(Especially if it means talking about shamans. Good Lord, Lemon!)
My colleague John Baldovin's "Commonweal" review of Wills' book concludes:"Garry Wills is an erudite man (in typical fashion, he provides his own translation of Hebrews in an appendix) as well as a polished and persuasive writer, and he raises important questions about the ordained ministry. Yet Why Priests? exudes the same angry and bitter tone as his 2001 Papal Sin: Structures of Deceit. Once again he has taken a sledgehammer to an issue that requires a much more delicate instrument. We clearly need a good, serious book that moves the ball forward on the theology of ordained ministry, especially in relation to Christian worship. Sadly, this is not it."The erudite exegete of the "Declaration of Independence" and of Lincoln's"Second Inaugural" does himself no credit by the cavalier reference in his op-ed piece to "weird arguments contained in the anonymous Epistle to the Hebrews." So much for biblical inspiration.And though Wills extols one of Newman's essays, he might re-read the one that brought Newman into the Catholic Church: his "Essay on the Development of Doctrine," including the doctrine of the priesthood.
The last Pope who embarked on a program of "openness and accountability" ended up with his Papacy cut rather mysteriously short.
It's very surprising to me that a distinguished Augustine scholar like Wills would turn into a literalist-fundamentalist in his old age. True, some very basic questions about the priesthood need to be asked desperately, especially questions about bishops. Here again we have that same old theological epistemological question rearing its persistent head: what can we know theologically and how can we know it?
Here's an informative article from Reuter's about what does and doesn't happen at a conclave.http://blogs.reuters.com/faithworld/2013/02/13/discreet-papal-campaign-b...
Just watched the Wills interview. He seems to me pretty much like a Congregationalist. At this interview he denied three sacraments (if my count was right). He has every right to do so. As did Luther. But after doing all this, is it meaningful to call yourself a Catholic (in any meaningful way)? Just saying
To Anthony Andreass: your observation in trenchant. But Wills is still making "first half of life" statements, and asking "first half of life" questions, much like the institution he so rabidly criticizes. He is actually more similar in modus operandi to the institutional RCC than he thinks. Much like Bill Donahue and Christopher Hitchens were more or less the same, despite their cable talk show blowharding.
@ Brian Pinter. You are wise beyond your years.
What Gary Wills is saying is not new. Many Catholic theologians who are not intimidated by the magisterium have been saying this for a long time. Vatican II introduced the term "Presider" but the old regal chuch advocates ignored that and reverted to the priest, bishops and popes as semi-gods. E.G Maciel, JP II...
Brian Pinter,Since I have willy-nilly entered "the second half of life," what are the "first half of life" questions?
Interesting review of Wills's new book at New Republic by Kevin Madigan, "Winn Professor of Ecclesiastical History at Harvard and author of the forthcoming Medieval Christianity: A New History (Yale University Press)."Madigan concludes with this:"While quite intriguing to contemplate, Willss suggestion will never be seriously considered, either by Catholic priests or many parishioners. It is likely to be dismissed, therefore, as unrealistic, impractical and possibly unkind. This is a shame. Whatever one thinks of his proposal, Willss demolition of the many myths surrounding the origins of priestly status and function is in itself crucially informative and enlightening, especially for practitioners of Catholicism."http://www.newrepublic.com/article/112294/gary-willss-why-priests-review...
It is possible, I suppose, that the process will somehow misfire and yield a Pope who affirms values of openness and accountability.EduardoThis seems to miss the point since the RCC is first and foremost Christ's Church on earth and thus accountable to Him, not the laity. From the Catechism '...our Savior, after his Resurrection, entrusted to Peter's pastoral care, commissioning him and the other apostles to extend and rule it...' Unless I'm mistaken, your view of accountability treats the laity as God.
"... the RCC is first and foremost Christs Church on earth and thus accountable to Him not the laity.....your view of accountability treats the laity as God."The Pope isn't the RCC, though, right? He is a part of it, just like the laity. Why wouldn't the leadership be accountable to the rest of the membership? Isn't that a basic element of leadership? Seems like any other view would be treating, not the laity, but instead, the Pope, as God.
Fr. Imbelli, I am quite confident you have entered the second half of life, but it should be stated that age has nothing to do with it. Richard Rohr describes those in the second half of life this way: they no longer need to divide the field of every moment between up and down, totally right or totally wrong, with me or against me. People in the second half of life don't have the need to use religion as a belonging system or a mode of condemnation. They also let go of infantile thinking, and the need to have certain kinds of authority, "daddy/mommy" figures. They are compassionate and embracing, forgiving and wise. We are attracted to such people because of their open-heartedness and ability to give and receive love. They are wounded, sometimes deeply, but have allowed the wounds to be transformed into something life giving. They are not transmitting their hurt, anger, rage, and pain to others. I pray that we will someday have a Pope and church leadership which has entered this second half of life, but the institution as a whole is very much "first half of life" - concerned about structure, identity, rules, who is in/out, why we're better, why God loves us the most - the thoughts and arguments of teenagers. But one never knows. We might get there someday.
Benedict has given the SSPX a final chance (according to Rorate)"Rorate can independently confirm the report --hinted at just now in Le Forum Catholique -- that the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith has sent a letter with a final offer to the Society of Saint Pius X (FSSPX / SSPX): resume the dialogue with the Holy See by February 22, or else the Holy See will make an offer of reconciliation and full communion to individual SSPX priests. (What kind of offer or structural basis will be offered is unclear.)http://rorate-caeli.blogspot.com/2013/02/a-last-chance-for-sspx-plus-ssp...
One of the people posting on Le Forum Catholique says that the letter setting the February 22 deadline was sent at the beginning of January - not since the Pope's resignation.How accurate that is, I don't knowhttp://www.leforumcatholique.org/message.php?num=705325
How can anyone say it's their last chance? A pope is not bound by another pope's threats, but only by Jesus' forgiveness formula: seventy times seven.Maybe the next pope (DOLAN) will forgive everyone who was threatened, investigated, hassled, silenced, intimidated, excommunicated, etc. by the John Paul II / Benedict XVI regime.
Gerelyn, I guess he practical question is whether Benedict will take any action during his final week as Pope if the SSPX doesn't sign the Doctrinal Preamble by February 22. To do that, there would have to be a document already prepared and awaiting his signature.
That Reagan and John Paul II brought down communism is a shallow interpretation. Communism was clearly not working and the video tape brought reality to the Russian people never allowed under a managed news USSR. (The same reality is the reason people in the church have confronted the Vatican in the last 50 years. Rome cannot spin anymore.) The pope and Reagan just happened to be the leaders at the time.
Bill--Do you have any contemporaneous support that, in the 1980s, you believed Communism was clearly not working? It's funny, we all Reaganites "now", though I recall 40% of the country did not vote for him "then."Methinks I must still be in my first half of life.
Oh thats a good one Bill; the VCR brought down soviet Communism. Hmmm. Reagan, Thatcher, Gorbachov, John Paul II, even Boris Yelstin, none of them had any bearing on the matter? Wow.In any case, the cardinals will implore the Holy Spirit to guide them in selecting the next pope, they will listen carefully and then we will have a new pope.As for the ever pressing issues like bc pills etc., the new pope will no doubt give those matters all the thoughtful consideration they deserve.
Re Gary Wills interview with ColbertIs Wills denying only transubstantiation or the Real Presence? Even Luther got rid of priests and kept the Real Presence. As someone already said here, there's nothing really new that didn't come up at the Reformation, so it's not like Wills doesn't have options.I leave the interview feeling a great loss of respect for Wills.
I wish Gary Wills had been seen with, not just Colbert, who simply says what we believe, but with someone who could argue why we believe what we believe. The "essay on the development of doctrine" is over 400 pages long. Is there any way to present it to a general audience on prime time TV in 5 minutes or less?
Claire,Maybe the essay could be presented on SRCthe Speed-Reading Channel.
Claire, I wonder if anyone can speak authoritatively about "what we believe." Who's "we," after all? The lambs or the elephants? In Garry Will's 2000 book, Papal Sins: Structures of Deceit, he pointed out that in 1963, 70% of Catholics thought the "Pope derived his authority to teach from Christ by way of Peter. In 1974, that number had shrunk to 42 percent."So if it was only 42% in 1974, what is it now? And "who could argue why we believe what we believe?" Would it be a priest? I notice that some priests, who have had extensive training in theology, history, scripture studies, etc., are careful not to say what they know, maybe for fear of scandalizing the lambs, maybe to protect their jobs, etc. Better to let the clueless remain that way than to attempt to feed them information they can't handle and don't want. http://www.amazon.com/Papal-Sin-Structures-Garry-Wills/dp/0385494114/ref...
Newman's "An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine" is online here:http://www.newmanreader.org/works/development/His Postscript is interesting:"Since the above was written, the Author has joined the Catholic Church. It was his intention and wish to have carried his Volume through the Press before deciding {xi} finally on this step. But when he had got some way in the printing, he recognized in himself a conviction of the truth of the conclusion to which the discussion leads, so clear as to supersede further deliberation. Shortly afterwards circumstances gave him the opportunity of acting upon it, and he felt that he had no warrant for refusing to do so.His first act on his conversion was to offer his Work for revision to the proper authorities; but the offer was declined on the ground that it was written and partly printed before he was a Catholic, and that it would come before the reader in a more persuasive form, if he read it as the author wrote it.It is scarcely necessary to add that he now submits every part of the book to the judgment of the Church, with whose doctrine, on the subjects of which he treats, he wishes all his thoughts to be coincident."
My copy of Wills's new book arrived today. I've just started it, and it is great.
"Benedict has given the SSPX a final chance (according to Rorate)"Bishop Fellay says it looks as if the SSPX will have to wait for he new Pope. No mention of a 22 February window. He says he regrets Benedict didn't take any final action to resolve their situation.http://www.ndf.fr/nos-breves/15-02-2013/mgr-fellay-jai-pense-quen-annonc...(French only, sorry)
"Yet Why Priests? exudes the same angry and bitter tone as his 2001 Papal Sin: Structures of Deceit. Once again he has taken a sledgehammer to an issue that requires a much more delicate instrument. We clearly need a good, serious book that moves the ball forward on the theology of ordained ministry, especially in relation to Christian worship. Sadly, this is not it.I'm on page 55. (It's so good, that I'm taking my time. Savoring each charming paragraph.)I'm surprised that Baldovin would accuse Wills of writing with an "angry and bitter tone." The tone, imho, is good-natured and sweet. And there is no sledgehammer. (I hope no one will be discouraged from reading this book by Baldovin's review.) The chapter on Holy Men, e.g., is wonderful. As are the other three chapters I've finished.
NYT Book Review:http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/17/books/review/why-priests-by-garry-will... book is so great, that it's hard to pick out favorite parts, but the chapters on "Explaining the Miracle: Augustine" and "Killer Priests" are enlightening, to say the least.
Gerelyn--You are actually his agent, aren't you?
The conclusion of the NYT Review and the identification of the reviewer:There is one God, and Jesus is one of his prophets, Wills concludes, and I am one of his millions of followers. For those millions, scattered across time and space, thats an affirmation worthy of celebration.Randall Balmer, an Episcopal priest, is chairman of the religion department at Dartmouth College. He is completing a biography of Jimmy Carter.I feel a certain "malaise" coming on.
Ha. Yes, I know what you mean, Robert, although I have a personal reason for LOVING Jimmy Carter.When I googled Wills today to see what new reviews there were (other than my Customer Review at Amazon), that one came up, but it made it look as if it had been written by Jimmy Carter. Naturally I rushed to see what it said. Not by Jimmy at all, but by Randall. I liked Randall's conclusion. One of the many many wonderful points in the book is the one about what the Followers called themselves in the early (pre-priest) days.Wills, of course, is a devout Catholic, part of the Body of Christ. He mentions the Catholic community he belongs to in his Acknowledgments.----(To Proska: He also mentions his famous agent, Andrew Wylie.)
I quibble with this statement by Horan:Heresy, of course, doesnt mean the opposite of orthodox doctrine or even some ideological position along the continuum of heterodox thought. Heresy is holding part of the truth as the whole truth.I counter it with this:Heresy may be the result of poor timing. Jaroslav Pelikan, "The Christian Tradition: A History of the Development of Doctrine", Vol I, "The Emergence of Catholic Tradition."And this:If our understanding of God develops slowly and somewhat uncertainly, then there will always be as much reason to regard any putative (i.e., commonly accepted or supposed) heresy as a new insight as there will be to regard it as a distortion of the truth. Gordon Graham, "The Goodness of God and the Conception of Hell" New Blackfriars, November 1988
Reading this will solve all: (be sure and go to the comments!)http://cal-catholic.com/wordpress/2013/02/13/if-you-like-benedict-youll-...


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For a complete list of events, visit www.bigfunonthebayou.com.
If your event is not listed here, you can add it for free at our online events-listing site, www.events.bigfunonthebayou.com. Just visit the site, create an account and fill in the blanks to let people know what you have planned. Whether you're a church group or an artist with an exhibit, let others know here.
You can also mail listings to The Courier, P.O. Box 2717, Houma, LA 70361 or the Daily Comet, 104 Hickory St., Thibodaux, LA 70301; fax it to 857-2244 or 448-7654, or email it to firstname.lastname@example.com or firstname.lastname@example.com. Please include the event, time of event, date of event, where the event is taking place, the address of where the event or meeting is taking place and a contact phone number for information. For information, call 857-2200.
The Terrebonne Fine Arts Guild's annual Christmas Show and Sale has begun. This exhibit includes a variety of small paintings in all subjects, styles and media. Artist prints, note cards, handmade jewelry and selected crafts, such as stained-glass objects, are also on display. The gallery's regular exhibit features more than 100 paintings of local scenery, still life and floral subjects if you are looking for a larger piece of original local art.
Admission: Free.
When: 10 a.m.-4 p.m. Tuesdays through Fridays in November and December.
Where: Terrebonne Fine Arts Guild's Downtown Art Gallery 630, 630 Belanger St., downtown Houma.
Information: www.TFAG.org.
Poker fun
The Krewe of Ambrosia's Downtown Poker Strut features five locations where you register and draw cards — Red Goose Saloon, Rene's Bar, Rox's Bar, American Legion and Foundry on the Bayou. Twenty-five percent of all card sales are awarded among winning hands. Door prizes and auction to benefit Thibodaux Mainstreet Inc. is at 8:30 p.m. at the Foundry.
Admission: $25 sign-up.
When: 4-9 p.m. Nov. 2.
Where: Downtown Thibodaux.
Come buy some crafts
The bi-annual Southdown Marketplace sponsored by the Terrebonne Historical and Cultural Society features more than 300 vendors selling handmade arts and crafts. Organizers say it's a family-friendly atmosphere with Cajun cuisine, plantation tours, music and more. There are additional fees for food and museum tours. All proceeds benefit the operation and repairs of Southdown Plantation and Museum.
Admission: $5 and children 12 and under are admitted free.
When: 8 a.m.-4 p.m. Nov. 2.
Where: Southdown Plantation, 1208 Museum Drive, Houma.
Information: 851-0154.
The MAX Charter School PTA's "Junk in Your Trunk" parking lot fundraiser benefits the school.
Admission: Free.
When: 7-11 a.m. Nov. 2.
Where: MAX Charter School's parking lot of the school on the Nicholls State University campus, 100 Afton Drive, Thibodaux.
Information: 227-9500 or the event organizer, Vanessa Benoit, at email@example.com.
Thibodeauxville, the annual Thibodaux Chamber of Commerce-sponsored event, features food, arts and crafts, live music, children's activities, a car show and a rubber-duck race in Bayou Lafourche. The 30th annual Thibodeauxville Fall Festival, one of the city's largest annual celebrations, was named one of the top 20 events to attend in the southeastern United States. The festival's Big Boy's Main Street Cook-Off is scheduled for Nov. 8 in downtown Thibodaux. City streets will be filled with more than 30 local teams preparing exquisite Louisiana dishes. A $5 admission fee will allow you to taste test them all.
Admission: Free.
When: 8:30 a.m.-5:30 p.m. Nov. 9.
Where: downtown Thibodaux.
Information: 446-1187 or visit www.thibodeauxville.com.
Open house
TARC's annual holiday open house includes live performances for children, Santa Claus, hay rides, and performances by the TARC Bell Choir and TARC Express. The one-day event features many of TARC's services. You can sample Cajun Confections' chocolate candy and Cajun Confections' bakery salsa and jam.
Admission: Free.
When: 9 a.m.-noon Nov. 9.
Where: TARC campus, No. 1 McCord Road, off Grand Caillou Road in Houma.
Information: Erica Null at TARC at 876-4465.
Honoring veterans
Mulberry Elementary's 18th Annual Veterans Day program will honor local veterans.
Admission: Free.
When: 10 a.m.-noon Nov. 11.
Where: Houma-Terrebonne Civic Center, 346 Civic Center Blvd.
Information: 850-4657.
Run for a cause
Cardiovascular Institute of the South and Terrebonne General Medical Center's fourth annual Houma Heart and Soles Half-Marathon includes a half-marathon at 13.1 miles, a two-man relay at 6.55 miles per person and a 5K walk/run at 3.1 miles. The race has a unique "Red Carpet" finish inside of the Civic Center. After the race, the event has music and food. There will also be an awards ceremony for top finishers.
Admission: Varies depending on what you want to participate in.
When: 7 a.m. Nov. 16.
Where: Houma-Terrebonne Civic Center, 346 Civic Center Blvd.
Information: www.active.com/running/houma-la/houma-heart-and-soles-half-marathon-2012-lf044. For training guides, visit www.tgmc.com/halfmarathon.
Christmas time
Christmasfest, Thibodaux's annual event featuring a Christmas parade, pictures with Santa and Mrs. Claus, refreshments, snow and the lighting of a 160-year-old mansion at the Dansereau House.
Admission: Free.
When: Dec. 1.
Where: Through Thibodaux city streets.
Information: Thibodaux Chamber of Commerce at 446-1187 or visit www.thibodauxchamber.com.
Enjoy pancakes with Santa
The 24th annual Breakfast with Santa sponsored by the Kiwanis Club of Houma includes all-you-can-eat pancakes, sausage, coffee, milk and juice. Photos with Santa and face painting are also available.
Admission: $5 in advance or $6 at the door.
When: 7-11:30 a.m. Dec. 1.
Where: Vandebilt Catholic High School's cafeteria, 209 S. Hollywood Road, Houma.
Information: Charlotte Grace at 655-5404.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


text:
Wheel Chock - Camco
This item is found in the following Product Families
Camco Wheel Chock
Keep your vehicle and trailer from moving. Keep your trailer in place and re-hitch with confidence. Solidly constructed of durable polypropylene with …
Chocks keep your trailer in place so you can re-hitch with confidence. Solidly constructed of durable hard plastic with UV inhibitors.
This product ships in 1 business day.
Add to Cart and enter your Postal Code to determine the shipping charges and estimated delivery date.
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text:
9 May 2012 7:16 AM #1
Unanswered: Adding widgets to Grid column headers
Is there a nice way to add text box widgets to the column headers in a Grid? I'd like to add simple filtering capabilities to a grid.
9 Nov 2012 2:21 AM #2
Even i need the similiar approach in my application. If we get the sample code, it will be more benifical.
9 Nov 2012 2:35 AM #3
One way that might work is the following:
When creating the ColumnConfig for a specific column, it is possible to pass a SafeHtml instance instead of a String, in order to describe the header.
So creating a class and overriding the asString()-method of SafeHtml provides a way to add widgets to a column header.
An example:
class CustomHeaderHtml implements SafeHtml { @Override public String asString() { Image customHeaderImage = new Image("..."); String headerHtml = "
" + customHeaderImage.toString() + "
"; return headerHtml; } }
Maybe there are some other ways to accomplish this. As I'm new to GXT too, I don't know them yet.
So I hope this might help you in some way.


text:
Please enter a maximum of 5 recipients. Use ; to separate more than one email address.
The companies now enter into talks on how to work out the details of a deal to uncover unconventional gas in the Orejano block in Argentina's resource-rich Neuquen province. Dow and YPF also agreed to work together to come up with ways for further develop the nation's petrochemical industry.
By TAOS TURNER
BUENOS AIRES -- Argentina's state-run oil company YPF has
signed a preliminary agreement to form a joint venture with Dow
Argentina, the local unit of Dow Chemical, to explore for shale
The companies now enter into talks on how to work out the
final details of a deal to uncover unconventional gas in the
so-called Orejano block in Argentina's resource-rich Neuquen
Neither company said how much it plans to invest in the project.
"The agreement between both companies is fundamental for the
development of shale gas in the country...," YPF said in a
statement late Tuesday.
Dow Argentina and YPF also agreed to work together to come
up with ways for further develop the petrochemical industry in Argentina.
Argentina ranks third in the world, behind China and the US, in
potentially recoverable shale-gas reserves, with 774 trillion
cubic feet, according to a study by the US Energy Information
Administration. Argentina also has large quantities of shale
Argentina stopped exporting gas in 2004 to ensure it had
enough gas to meet domestic demand that was rising alongside
its then booming economy.
But demand for gas grew at a faster pace than production,
turning the country into a net importer and requiring the
government to spend billions a year on imported energy. YPF is
attempting to reverse this trend and put Argentina on a path to
energy independence by investing in exploration and production
and getting other local and foreign companies to do the
Dow Jones Newswires
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A searchable database of project activity in the global hydrocarbon processing industry
Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
Is 2016 the peak for US gasoline demand?
Too soon to tell
July 2016


text:
Zipp meets customer's needs for the highest performance, superlative quality components through innovative design and manufacturing utilizing the best material and technology available.
Zipp developed the Tangente High Performance Cork Brake Pad as a response to the intense heat caused by braking on carbon. These pads are designed for Zipp carbon rims and employ a composite cork polymer to reduce glazing and offer consistent brake response.
Key Features:
The Tangente Cork pad should never be used on aluminium braking surfaces.
If ordered before 8pm, delivered by courier next working day. Available on orders placed before 8pm (2pm weekends and Bank Holidays) for delivery next business day. Applies to most delivery addresses within mainland UK.
Please remember to add postal time (2-3 working days) to obtain a complete estimate of delivery to your door.
You will receive an email to confirm when your item has been sent.
You can also check the status of your order and individual items by accessing your account details and following the prompts.
Please allow 10 working days from dispatch of your order before notifying us of any late deliveries.
It may be advisable to check with your neighbors to see if your delivery has been left with them, check any places it could be left such as: garage, porch, or behind garbage cans if it was too big to fit through your mailbox. Contact your local post office to see if the item has been returned to the depot as undelivered and awaiting collection.
Please see our returns policy.
There are currently no reviews.


text:
The Top 10 Decades of the Century: How The 2000s Compared
Recently, Time named the 00s the worst decade ever. This is clearly ridiculous when you consider their comparison set includes decades featuring things like "The Atmosphere is Made of Pure Sulfur" and "Romans Fed My Hippie Flesh to a Fucking Lion." But what if we narrow the criteria to the last 100 years, instead: 1910-2009. How would the 00s stack up? Would the 20s kick its goofy ass? Could it travel back in time like Marty McFly and give the 50s a massive wedgie? We'll see, as we count down the top 10 decades of the century, in ascending order:
#10. The 1930s
What Was Better Than the 00s?
The literature: The Hobbit, Of Mice and Men, The Big Sleep, all classics. Whereas the 00s have Twilight, The Da Vinci Code and He's Just Not That Into You. Politically, FDR kicked so much ass his legs stopped working, and he still rolled his way to three more terms, making him possibly the most beloved president ever. We, on the other hand, had this guy:
What Was Worse?
Well, there was that whole Great Depression, where millions of people ate bread made out of dirt and stabbed each other for an opportunity to pick peas 12-hours a day at 10 cents an hour. In the years immediately following 2001, everybody worried about some sort of economical apocalypse. Well, it pretty much happened in the 30s. And that's not even taking into account the dissolution of the League of Nations, the Rise of the Nazi Party and the appeasement of said party by Neville Chamberlain leading to WWII starting. From the starvation to the pre-cursor of the holocaust, the 1930s really buckled down and earned their place as the worst decade of the century. They even beat that decade with the hippies, so you know that's saying something. Speaking of...
#9. The 1960s
What Was Better Than the 00s?
I'm sure a lot of you are up in arms right now. After all, the 60s saw the best house party in the world happen in upstate New York, while some of the biggest advancements in civil rights unfolded down South after interesting ideas regarding public seating proved to be successful. This one pastor gave a couple really cool speeches, including one about climbing mountains, and another about lucid dreaming. And women, inspired by all this social upheaval, asserted their rights by removing their bras and throwing them in the trash in the name of feminism, becoming the only public protest in the 60s where men with hoses would have actually improved the situation.
What Was Worse?
So what the fuck am I thinking, right? Well, let's look at what happened to all those beautiful dreams: A) They turned out to be wildly unrealistic because the world was still ass-backwards at the time and B) the dreamers got filled with bullets and bled out in front of a national audience. John and Bobby Kennedy, Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X and Medgar Evers: The 60s had a real boner for just up and shooting optimists. The 00s threw shoes and did walk-by smack talk. I'm pretty certain Dr. King would rather have dodged a Doc Marten (the official shoe of racism) or two than gotten shot to death.
And if Iraq was largely deemed an unjust action, Vietnam was a soul-rending clusterfuck of epic proportions. Trust in our government didn't just erode in the 60s, it completely imploded. And on top of all that, everyone assumed the Russians were going to melt our eyeballs out of our skulls with atomic rainfire at any minute. So what was the government's idea of reassurance? Telling us climb under a goddamn desk. The 00s gave birth to the meme "(insert name here) raped my childhood," but the 60s shoved a rocket launcher up the ass of innocence and pulled the trigger until it went "click."
#8. The 1910s
What Was Better Than the 00s?
The art was pretty stunning. Picasso, Matisse and Duchamp got the world used to accepting hilarious pretension and babyish douchebaggery on a massive scale, just so long as the art was sufficiently mind-bending. And we couldn't even call these people mercurial fuckups with severe depressive disorders, because nobody knew what that was: Medicine was still in the stage where doctors prescribed a teener of coke for a toothache. So we just shrugged and said, "Sure, he's acting quite peculiar, but look! He drew the nose where the ear should go, and the eyes are on the chin... HE IS CLEARLY A GENIUS!"
What Was Worse?
The Great War isn't brought up much anymore, mostly because it's harder to mythologize than it's "Great" nephew. It was uglier, filthier and nastier than WWII and, in the end, it didn't even really fix anything. In fact, it acted more like the fuse on a timebomb set to go off in the mid-30s--a bomb that would eventually lead to the rise of Hitler. While the modern world pisses their pampers over the Swine Flu and its horrifying payload of "feeling uggy" and "slightly puky," the Spanish Flu killed up to 100-million people in two years. The October Revolution killed 20-million, deposed the Tsar and installed a communist dictatorship in its place that enjoyed a decades-long reign until Patrick Swayze and C. Thomas Howell punched it in the balls in Red Dawn, thus ending the Cold War forever (Thanks, Swayze!).
Also, a ship sank in the Atlantic. There's a movie about it, I guess.
#7. The 2000s
What Was OK?
The overwhelming sense of unity and goodwill that most of the free world shared shortly after 9/11 was fantastic. Science got awesome again: We bombed the moon and found water, built a bunch of robots to fight wars for us and they haven't risen up to claim our flesh for their own (yet). We finally edged closer to the future the Jetsons have always promised us with hi-def TVs that hang on walls like paintings, touchscreen personal communication devices, electric (but not flying) cars and video games. Politically and socially, the 2000s made a couple leaps nobody expected: Barack Obama got elected. Whether you agree with the man's politics or not, virtually nobody expected a black man to make it into the White House for at least another 20 years. Also, gay people were allowed in some states to practice the soul-eroding, dispiriting and grueling tradition of marriage, which they somehow regarded as a huge win.
What Sucked Hard?
Terrorists suicide bombing the Pentagon and the World Trade Center, and the U.S. never catching the guy who paid for the attacks, even though the motherfucker lives in depleted cave rubble and is tied to a dialysis machine like Dr. Venture. The Earth also went apeshit and decided to go after the humans crawling its crust like a dog gnawing at a flea-bitten patch of mangy fur: Cyclones in Myanmar, The Boxing Day Tsunami and Hurricanes Katrina, Ike and Rita combined to turn New Orleans into a backed up toilet.
Other things that were mostly ruined include:
The Economy (Global Recession)
Comedy (Carlos Mencia, Larry the Cable Guy)
Star Wars (The Prequels)
Sex (Furries)
Italian-American culture (New Jersey)
Basic Communication (texting/comments sections/you're shits all retarded nd u talk like a fag)
#6. The 1970s
What Was Better Than the 00s?
The Vietnam War finally ended, and ended definitively. The Movie Brats took over Hollywood and, with all respect to the 30s and 40s, were responsible for the single best decade in American movie history. Spielberg, Lucas, Coppola, Scorsese, Carpenter, Friedkin, De Palma and more took their film degrees and somehow conned Hollywood into handing a bunch of bearded nerds the keys to the kingdom. They made some of the most adventurous studio system films ever produced. And that's just at the high-minded end of the scale; in the gutters of low culture, the splatter-flick and exploitation cinema unapologetically wallowed in gore and zero social redemption, making people like Quentin Tarantino possible ... for whatever that's worth.
What Was Worse?
Goddamn we were ugly as hell. Everything about the decade was covered in an orangey/brown sheen, from RVs, to Station Wagons, Butterfly Collars and Paisley print Pants. The women all looked like Charlie Chaplin with an eagle molting on top of their heads, and the men were swarthy bags of chest hair barely contained in a periwinkle leisure suit. We roller-skated unironically, for the love of Christ.
The 70s were littered with psychotics: Jim Jones ruined Kool-Aid's sterling reputation in Jonestown; Idi Amin ate his enemies; Pinochet got a little help from the CIA to become dictator of Chile; Pol Pot inspired the Dead Kennedys to become impromptu travel agents; and Black September turned the '72 Olympics into a nightmare of anti-Israeli terrorism.
And then there was Nixon.
Nixon dragged his big-ass feet getting the troops out of Vietnam, and of course, famously quit due to Watergate, thus damaging America in a multitude of ways; detonating what shred of faith we had left in the government after the 60s, and guaranteeing that anytime any celebrity does ANYTHING wrong, our idiot media will tack the suffix "-gate" to the end of it.


text:
Pfister 0X8-310A 1/2 Inch Mixing Rough In Valve (I.P. or Copper Sweat)
Offer Ends
Technical Specs
|Parts Breakdown
|Installation Guide
|Installation Dimensions
|Specification Sheet
|Tub and Shower
|Connection Size
|Connection Type
|IPS, Sweat
|Handles Included
|Inlet/Outlet Size
|.5, 0.5
|Number Of Handles
|Pressure Balanced
|Product Weight
|Scald Guard
|Yes, No
|Valve Type
|Ceramic Disc
1/2" Mixing Rough In Valve (Copper Sweat or I.P.)
Pfister's Rough Valves collection was created to provide rough-in valves for many of Pfister's plumbing collections. If you're shopping for a bathroom or kitchen faucet or shower fixture that requires you to add a rough-in valve, this is the collection you're looking for. These valves are designed to fit both plumbing measurements of ½ inch and ¾ inch. Whatever you need for your specific fixture, Pfister's Rough Valves collection is sure to be able to help.
- Rough In valve for single handle shower trims
- Solid brass construction
- Dual 1/2" copper sweat or I.P. connections
- Ceramic Disc Valve
- Designed for use with standard US plumbing connections
- All necessary mounting hardware included
- Fully covered under Pfister's Pforever Lifetime Warranty
- Plaster guard included
About Pfister
Founded in 1910, Pfister (previously known as Price Pfister) is one of America's oldest and most experienced plumbing companies. As the first faucet manufacturer in the world to offer a lifetime warranty on their products, quality has always been the cornerstone of Pfister faucets. Brass bodies, ceramic disc valves, and lifetime PVD finishes name a few of the features you'll find in their product line. You will also find innovative designs. In the last 100 years, Pfister pioneered many of the faucet varieties that have helped to define the industry today. This kind of market presence has made Pfister one of the most trusted names in plumbing. Buy Pfister – you won't be disappointed.
Additional Pfister Links
- View Manufacturer Warranty
- Shop All Pfister Products
- Shop All Pfister Rough Valves Collection Products
- Buy Replacement Parts For Pfister 0X8-310A
Our SKU: 0X8-310A
This product is listed under the following manufacturer number(s):
*Denotes a finish or option that has been discontinued
2 Questions from the Community
The Pfister 0X8-310A is going to be 3 5/8" wide and 3 3/4" tall at the male end and 4 13/16" at the female end. The finished wall needs to be 2 5/8" minimum to 3 1/2" maximum.
Will this valve fit inside a 2x4 wall? If not, what valves (for a shower only) will?
A. The Pfister 0X8-310A is going to be 3 5/8" wide and 3 3/4" tall at the male end and 4 13/16" at the female end. The finished wall needs to be 2 5/8" minimum to 3 1/2" maximum.
The Pfister 0X8-310A is a mixing valve for temperature only. It does not control volume. Check with your trim package to see which kind of valve(s) you need.
Can I use this valve to adjust water volume?
The Pfister 0X8-310A is a mixing valve for temperature only. It does not control volume. Check with your trim package to see which kind of valve(s) you need.
Product Reviews
Pfister Rough Valves Collection
Other Products In The Pfister Rough Valves Collection
Pfister GT49-WE1
Carnegie Wall Mounted Bathroom Faucet - Less Rough...$184.00-$287.40
Pfister 808-YP0
Ashfield Tub and Shower Trim Package with Single F...$210.86-$268.24
Pfister 0X6-440R
1/2 Inch Rough In Valve for Double Handle Roman Tu...$139.99-$139.99(1)
Pfister 0X8-340A
1/2 Inch Mixing Rough In Valve with Service Stops$62.26-$62.26(3)
Pfister 0X6-150R
1/2 Inch Rough In Valve for Double Handle Roman Tu...$62.82-$62.82(4)


text:
"National air space was closed on September 11. Fearing reprisals against Saudi nationals, the Saudi government asked for help in getting some of its citizens out of the country. We have not yet identified who they contacted for help. But we have found that the request came to the attention of Richard Clarke and that each of the flights we have studied was investigated by the FBI and dealt with in a professional manner prior to its departure.
"No commercial planes, including chartered flights, were permitted to fly into, out of, or within the United States until September 13, 2001. After the airspace reopened, six chartered flights with 142 people, mostly Saudi Arabian nationals, departed from the United States between September 14 and 24. One flight, the so-called bin Laden flight, departed the United States on September 20 with 26 passengers, most of them relatives of Osama bin Laden. We have found no credible evidence that any chartered flights of Saudi Arabian nationals departed the United States before the reopening of national airspace.
"The Saudi flights were screened by law enforcement officials, primarily the FBI, to ensure that people on these flights did not pose a threat to national security, and that nobody of interest to the FBI with regard to the 9/11 investigation was allowed to leave the country. Thirty of the 142 people on these flights were interviewed by the FBI, including 22 of the 26 people (23 passengers and 3 private security guards) on the bin Laden flight. Many were asked detailed questions. None of the passengers stated that they had any recent contact with Osama bin Laden or knew anything about terrorist activity.
"The FBI checked a variety of databases for information on the bin Laden flight passengers and searched the aircraft. It is unclear whether the TIPOFF terrorist watchlist was checked. At our request, the Terrorist Screening Center has rechecked the names of individuals on the flight manifests of these six Saudi flights against the current TIPOFF watchlist. There are no matches.
"The FBI has concluded that nobody was allowed to depart on these six flights who the FBI wanted to interview in connection with the 9/11 attacks, or who the FBI later concluded had any involvement in those attacks. To date, we have uncovered no evidence to contradict this conclusion."


text:
I'm using Symfony2 forms to validate POST and PUT requests to an API. The form handles binding the request data to the underlying entity and then validating the entity. Everything is working pretty well except for collecting errors. I'm using the FOSRestBundle and am throwing a Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\HttpException with a 400 status code and a message containing the form error messages if validation fails. The FOSRestBundle handles converting this into a JSON response. The controller method I have to perform all of this looks like the following (all fields bubble their errors up to the form):
protected function validateEntity(AbstractType $type, $entity, Request $request)
$form = $this->createForm($type, $entity);
if (! $form->isValid()) {
$message = ['Invalid parameters passed.'];
foreach ($form->getErrors() as $error) {
$message[] = $error->getMessage();
throw new HttpException(Codes::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, implode("\n", $message));
The problem I have is that when I collect the form level errors through $form->getErrors() I can only access the error message and not the name of the field that the error is connected to. This is a particular problem when a POST or PUT parameter corresponds to an id for a related entity. If an invalid value is submitted the error messages for that is simply 'This value is not valid', which is not very good in this context. Ideally I'd like to do either of the following:
- For each error get hold of the field name it's connected to so that I can format the message something like "fieldname: error message"
- If that's not possible is it possible to customise the error message for an invalid entity type so that something better than 'This value is not valid' is displayed?


text:
Service. Value. Convenience. Trust.
- Real Estate Loans
- Auto Loans
- Personal Loans
- Checking
- Share Accounts
- Services
- Rates
- About PFFCU
PFFCU Real Estate Loans have no application fee and we will lend up to 100% of the appraised value of the property. We offer terrific rates, flexible terms, and a convenient application process. Check out our Member Survey Results to learn what members just like you have to say about our real estate lending process.
PFFCU's Mortgage Advisors offer personalized service and a commitment to finding the right mortgage for your individual needs.
Learn More »
PFFCU has two mortgage refinance options to suit your individual needs, our EXPRESS Refi Mortgage and our Traditional Mortgage Refinance.
Learn More »
A PFFCU Home Equity Loan can help you consolidate high-interest debt, make home improvements, or pay for an education. We feature low rates and a variety of terms ranging from 5 to 20 years.
Learn More »
With a PFFCU Home Equity Line of Credit you can borrow up to $600,000 at a rate of prime minus 0.75%. The minimum Annual Percentage Rate that can apply during the term of this Line of Credit is 2.99%.
Learn More »
Our Real Estate Calculators can help you determine things like your monthly mortgage payment or how much home you can afford.
Learn More »
Our FAQ page contains answers to commonly asked real estate questions.
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PFFCU members have access to homeowner's insurance quotes through MEMBERS® Homeowners Insurance from Liberty Mutual.
Learn More »
PFFCU offers members access to mortgage life insurance and mortgage disability insurance through American General Assurance Company and the plan administrator, First Service Group.


text:
The "Impossible" Family Portrait is Suddenly Possible
Hair styles may come and go (remember the Rachel?) and clothes can be 'so cool' one day and 'so over' the next. But some things are forever, like lasting family memories. A recent poll conducted by Harris Interactive online found that Americans crave more of these images. At 49%, nearly half wished they took more … Read more


text:
When I press the volume up/down keys on my keyboard, the volume changes too much. How can I make the step size smaller so that I have finer control?
From this bug-report it appears the volume-step key disappeared in 11.10 and has not (as yet) reappeared.
Thus, there isn't a simple straightforward configuration change that you can make to reduce the volume step.
Post #18 in the link gives an interesting workaround which involves using
However I couldn't get it to work - thus my take on the solution is based upon that post.
With this solution, the default volume step will be reduced to two-percent steps.
How to
Install the
Using your favourite text editor, create a file in your home folder called
Then edit the file
Logout and login
I just discovered that
Much more elegant, and it works with the OSD volume notifications.
This easy solution works for (at least) 12.04 and does not require CCSM.
You will not have on-screen volume bar action when you use the keyboard shortcuts, but you will have however fine-grained volume control as you wish.
After this, when you use your keyboard volume controls you should have whatever volume increments you specified. You can always go back to the original behavior by disabling your custom shortcuts and re-enabling the premade ones in the "Sound and Media" category.
Ubuntu 14.04 / 15.04 / 15.10 / 16.04
I finally have a proper solution for Trusty, Vivid, Wily, and Xenial users. Rather than using a bunch of hacks or a script, I decided to fix the problem in the source code. I applied this patch to gnome-settings-daemon and unity-settings-daemon (some trivial modifications were made to the patch).
I have uploaded the packages to a PPA:
Once you've added the PPA, run:
You will need to restart after installation completes. Once the packages have been upgraded, you can use the
(The default value is 6.)
Now when you press the volume keys, the volume will change in increments of 2:
You can do this with CompizConfig Settings Manager. Use the command
Now open the CompizConfig Settings Manager and go to Commands in the General section. Check the Enable commands checkbox to the right. In the Commands tab, enter the following two commands separately as two commands:
Assign two keyboard shortcuts for the commands in the Key bindings tab. I use the Super+[ and Super+] combination. Now close the CompizConfig Settings Manager and this should work.
I'm not sure if you can assign the commands to the in-built volume controllers of the computer though.
12.04 (and possibly 11.10)
If you want to control the pulseaudio volume directly rather than go the ALSA route, you can use the following script. While it should also be possible to control the volume via DBUS as detailed in this Stackoverflow answer, I however could not find a way to make this work in Ubuntu 12.04.
As is said in the script itself, it uses this Stackoverflow answer on how to programmatically change volume in Ubuntu and expands the idea into a script which takes the volume change as a command line argument and also shows an OSD notification. I have tried to model it as closely as possible to the default Ubuntu (12.04) behavior.
The script takes volume changes as either an absolute or relative number or percent value. So for instance:
It is also quite liberally commented in the hopes that it is useful for further tweaking.
Use your favorite text editor to create a file in your home folder (or anywhere else really - just remember the path) called
Then open
Give each one a name and as command enter something like this:
After that click on the right side of each entry to set a key combination or multimedia key. If the desired combination or key is already assigned to another shortcut, the program will ask if you want to reassign it.


text:
I use Evernote as a way to record ideas and web clippings that interest me. Some are ideas for projects. Some are collections of ideas that relate to prospective projects. There are quotes, metaphors, models, concepts, photographs, infographics, visualizaitons, tutorials, all kinds of things. Over 3,000 notes with 400+ tags.
The problem is that instead of tool for discovery, organization and action, it has become the digital equivalent of a garbage bag full of paper scraps.
Are there any suggestions about how to give my database some shape and direction so that it can lead to a higher ratio of doing to collecting?


text:
I was trying to solve this exercise:
Decide whether or not the set $\Bbb R^2$, with addition defined by
$$(x,y) + (a,b) = (x+a+1, y+b)$$
and with scalar multiplication $$r\cdot(x,y) = (rx+r-1, ry)$$
is a (real) vector space.
So, I try to prove via its space's properties (associatity, conmutativity, etc) and it works. Even preservation of scale. But when I try to prove for zero $(0\cdot v=0)$ It doesn't work for me, I mean $0\cdot(x, y) = (-1, 0)$ which is clearly not $(0,0)$
But book's answer is: it is an space, so I must be wrong. Now, thinking about it, I'm starting to believe that zero vector of vector spaces isn't necessary $(0,0,\dots,0)$. And then for this example $(-1,0)$ is the zero of the space, and it can be found taking any space element and doing $x - x$ ($x$ minus itself).
Am I right? Or am I omitting something more obvious. Thanks.


text:
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| Hopper, S., Veolia Water Americas, Houston, Texas
The ability to recycle byproducts as feedstocks, rather than discard them
as wastes, helps optimize refining efficiency and presents the
potential for substantial environmental and economic benefits.
Robust recycling solutions, particularly in the face of
diversified crude slates, will help refineries keep pace with
shifting production and refining requirements as unconventional
resources experience heavy growth in North America. This
alternative thinking has resulted in economic advantages gained
by efficiently processing millions of barrels containing oily
residuals each year, while reducing chemical, maintenance, disposal and
transportation costs.
Along with an increase in a more variable crude slate come
new and special challenges to the management of residuals from
refining process operations. The various byproduct streams from
crude processing and related activities have historically
yielded challenging economics compared to the demand for
sustainable and environmentally sound solutions.
While most refinery process designs offer
significant latitude in the handling of crude, they can be
negatively impacted by the production of oil-bearing secondary
materials (such as problematic desalter emulsions and oily
residuals from various refining units). In particular,
oil-water-solid emulsions that are difficult to separate can
create issues in the biological wastewater treatment unit,
negatively impacting the performance of unit components like
flotation separators. The result is typically higher chemical,
operation and maintenance costs. These emulsions
can also negatively affect refinery production. Moreover, the
costs associated with discarding such streams may be
significant, not only because such streams are hazardous waste
when discarded, but also because they represent lost production
value that must be subsequently replaced by additional virgin
feedstocks. Consequently, refineries
generally prefer to process the difficult and voluminous
emulsion, which requires storage of the streams, typically in
tanks originally intended to store crude or other products.
While expansions and upgrades can help to
sustain a robust treatment infrastructure, the design of older
systems can sometimes impose practical limitations on such
corrections. For example, as the hydraulic residence times
decrease in a floatation cell, this will typically result in a
commensurate increase in treatment chemical dosage as
operations struggle to combat the performance decline. Another
outcome can be higher sludge blowdown volumes intended to
mitigate potential downstream unit operation upsets. To keep
these operations moving while still being able to contend with
the increased blowdown volumes, partnerships with service
providers that provide recycling solutions (ancillary
separation and recovery) have helped refineries mitigate these
issues, regain the lost efficiencies, and further increase
overall recovery of hydrocarbons.
Sustainable solutions that maximize resource recycling into
ongoing production processes in a cost-effective manner while
minimizing environmental impact have become a key value
proposition for refinery industry leaders.
Every refinery generates oil-bearing secondary materials as
part of normal operations. These materials (mixtures of oil,
water and solids) cover a broad composition range. For example,
in desalter, API and related separations equipment, the
predominant phase is water, while in tank farms and fluid
catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) slurries, the oil and solids
phases are relatively high with little to no water present. The
source operation also factors heavily into how much volume is
generated. While API separators can generate thousands of
barrels per month of blowdown, sludge accumulated in tank farms
grows at a comparatively slower and almost surreptitious rate.
Regardless of source or composition, refineries must generally
take one of two actions to facilitate turn rates associated
with the tanks utilized for storage and handling of these
oil-bearing materials:
Clearly, processing into the refining process is the ideal
Several physicochemical processes can be used to recycle
oil-bearing materials within a refinery. Often, they are paired
with leveraging the refinerys coking operation (where available)
to provide a tightly integrated solution that maximizes
material recovery into an ongoing production process while at
the same time helping to minimize waste generation.
The most fundamental level of available alternatives
involves simple filtration/dewatering. This process can be
applied to reduce the stream volume, typically leaving an oily
cake (which, if not recycled into the refining process must be
disposed as a hazardous waste) and a water phase, which is
transferred to the refinerys wastewater treatment unit.
The efficacy of this approach is largely contingent upon the
oil and solids content and total composition of the material
stream. Unfortunately, it is often inefficient, operator
intensive, and susceptible to changes in feed composition.
Moving to the next level, a three-phase, high-speed decanter
centrifuge can be used. This will generally afford relatively
clean oil that is suitable for introduction into the ongoing
refinery production processes, and water streams (less than
1,500 ppm total oil and solids) that are suitable for transfer
to the refinerys wastewater treatment plant. When
conducted with the proper process, this approach will also
generate an oil-bearing material solids phase conducive to
further processing and introduction into the refinerys
ongoing production processes.
The most aggressive approach is to forcibly desorb the
volatile phases at high temperature, recovering all water and
oil, and leaving a dry solid phase. The oil and water phases
are then condensed, with the oil being returned to the
refinerys ongoing production processes (and a potential
for the water to be beneficially reused within the
refinerys processes). Inherent in the thermal desorption
option is the use of a centrifuge to provide a preliminary,
gross separation for the phases prior to desorption. Indeed,
the three-phase decanter is at the heart of most robust
oil-bearing material recycling processes.
For a prominent Gulf Coast refinery in Louisiana, recycling
oil-bearing secondary materials via centrifugation followed by
the injection of properly prepared oil-bearing material solids
into its coker is helping to improve efficiencies and also to
reduce costs (Fig. 1). The process recycles
the oil-bearing material streams in compliance with all
applicable regulations. Leveraging the coker, the fraction of
oil not recovered during centrifugation becomes part of the
cokers product. The residual, non-volatile solids do not
harm the coke and become a minor inert fraction. Consequently,
the process helps the refinery to address considerations
related to tankage availability and also assists in minimizing
waste generation while increasing refining utilization. In this
manner, the utilization of oil within the residuals is
maximized, and the separated water phase does not represent an
increased burden on the wastewater treatment unit. In other
words, the recycling process deployed at the refinery helps to
both reduce costs and protect the environment.
Effective oil, water and solids phase separation is critical
in a successful oil-bearing secondary materials recycling
process. While various processes can be used to accomplish
phase separation, few offer the cost-effective and robust
performance that the three-phase centrifuge does, especially
when supported by experienced process and operational know-how.
The process generally includes the following steps:
The entire process is monitored from a single control room
using instrumentation and control hardware and software.
In a petroleum refinery, a coker unit thermally cracks
residual heavy oil from the vacuum distillation column (resids) into
lower-molecular-weight products, leaving a solid carbon (coke) phase. The overhead
gas and heavy oil phase is condensed and recovered, while the
solid coke can be used as a fuel (low purity) or further
processed into anodes (high purity). A coker unit is
particularly well-suited for use in an integrated oil-bearing
material recycling process because the prepared solids closely
resemble numerous refinery intermediate streams that comprise
typical coker feedstocks (feed-side injection),
and their use in this process helps to facilitate increased
materials recovery (gas overhead and coke products). The
prepared solids may also be used as a quenching agent during
the coke cooling period (quench-side injection), and US
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidance indicates that
oil recovery from prepared solids during the quenching process
is comparable to efficiencies associated with a coking operations feedstock
side. The prepared solids can be fed during the feed, quench or
both portions of a cycle.
The cokes end use (fuel or anode) and the feedstock
composition injected during feed/quench may impose limits on
the amount of prepared oil-bearing material solids that can be
used. In particular, limits placed on sulfur, ash and other key
physical/chemical properties can set quantifiable limits on the
amount that can be used. A detailed mass balance is useful when
assessing composition and mass-based limits. Conversely, for
prepared solids fed during the cycles quench portion, the
overhead setpoint temperature will typically govern the amount
of such streams that can be fed; this is essentially an energy
balance consideration. Given the various sizes, ages and
operating conditions associated with cokers across the
industry, every situation warrants a separate analysis.
No matter how or when the prepared solids are fed to the
coker unit (feed or quench), the basic processing through the
centrifugation operation is essentially the same. Afterward,
the oil-bearing material solids may be prepared specifically to
address the preferred coker injection process. A general
processes summary is explored here.
Coker feed-side injection. In these
applications, oil-bearing material solids produced by the
centrifuge operation are prepared into slurry that will not
settle or stratify. This involves a proper ratio of solids, oil
and water. Improper preparation can cause problems with the
coker operation, including foaming and increased water
Because modifications to coke drums are costly and can only
be completed during unit turnarounds, the use of existing
nozzles and piping is generally desired. Possible injection
points include the residual feed line or any existing nozzle
large enough to accommodate the necessary flow. Use of the
antifoam injection line is not recommended, as this is critical
and best not compounded with other feedstocks.
Coker quench-side injection. Quench-side
injection typically requires slurries with a different ratio
than feed-side injection slurries. Because this material is
introduced to the coker after the coke bed has formed, the
material stream must be processed in a manner that facilitates
optimal permeability through the coke bed. Compared to
feed-side injection, quench-side injection is generally more
attractive because it does not require additional equipment or
energy to remove water prior to injection. Also, quench-side
injection does not impact the coker feed rates because the
aqueous slurry simply replaces quench water that would
otherwise be used after coking is completed anyway.
As an alternative to coker injection, thermal desorption
also helps to increase oil recovery and water phases for
introduction into the refining process. There are,
however, two key disadvantages associated with this option as
compared to using a coker:
In a typical thermal desorption process, the oil-bearing
material solids produced by the centrifuge operation (referred
to as cake) are recycled via two processing stages. The first
stage removes the water and a significant fraction of the
organics from the cake. This low-temperature stage utilizes an
indirect heat source (gas or electric) and the equipment
operates under an inert atmosphere (typically nitrogen). In the
next stage, the dried cake is processed in a high-temperature
compartment that completes removal of organics, leaving clean,
dry solids. The vapors produced by each stage are condensed,
facilitating the recovery of oil and water phases, which are
separated and returned to the refinerys ongoing
production process.
The resulting solids need to be characterized as hazardous
waste unless a delisting exemption is obtained. Delisting is a
regulatory authorization that allows specific wastes from a
particular generating facility to be conditionally removed from
the hazardous waste list. Successful petitions for delisting
authorization include economic benefits for the petitioner and
significant benefits for the environment as well.
Recycling via thermal desorption presents significant
benefits to the refinery by recovering all oil, minimizing the
amount of solids requiring disposal (which also has a positive
impact on disposal-related expenses), and, in the case of
successful delisting petitions, helping to diminish the costs
and liabilities associated with hazardous waste disposal. For
instance, a major refinery in Louisiana utilizes thermal
desorption to recover an estimated 31,000 barrels of oil per
year, and, as a result of its successful delisting petition,
the resulting solids that comply with the delisting conditions
may be characterized as a nonhazardous-waste stream when
General end results associated with the oil-bearing
secondary material recycling processes can be illustrated by a
hypothetical comparison, which assumes a refinery produces
1,000 barrels of an oil-bearing material stream (with 5%wt
solids, 15%wt oil, and 80%wt water) that is recycled and
produces cake that is 40%wt solids, 10%wt oil and 50%wt water.
A block diagram of the various options is shown in Fig.
2. Table 1 summarizes the general disposition of oil,
water and solids for each approach.
Some key conclusions from the table include:
Further to the environmental and economic benefits,
an effective oil-bearing secondary materials
recycling/management program provides a more robust operation
that can also help refineries improve tankage utilization
(freeing space occupied by such materials). It also provides
additional latitude in the operation of units that produce such
material streams, since operators have additional confidence
that the blowdown will not be as likely to create process
upsets downstream.
As the oil and gas industry continues on a projected path of strong growth, the
technologies and services applied to enhance recovery and
improve the operation will become increasingly important.
Successful partnerships that leverage integrated, holistic
solutions are a key to success. HP
All comments are subject to editorial review.
All fields are compulsory.
Philip E. Groff
Looking for information on recovering all petroleum used in Plastic(bags and hard and soft plastics). The information provided is very useful and appreciated, but we have a tremendous problem with tons of plastic being thrown into landfills daily. I believe that this material can be recycled and used again as petroleum.Thank youPhilip Groff
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Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
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