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November 22, 2013. Duplications of the 22q11.2 chromosomal region seem to protect against schizophrenia, according to a study published online November 12 in Molecular Psychiatry. Led by Michael Owen and Michael O'Donovan of Cardiff University, United Kingdom, the study surveyed the genomes of 47,005 people and found that the frequency of large 22q11.2 duplications in people with schizophrenia was much lower than in people without the disorder. In fact, a person having the duplication had only about one-sixth the chance of developing schizophrenia that people without the duplication did. As the well-known counterpart deletion of 22q11.2 confers risk for schizophrenia, the results suggest that the dosage of genes within this region contributes to a sliding scale of risk or protection.
Previous meta-analyses have found common alleles with protective effects against schizophrenia (Allen et al., 2008), but this is the first time a large, structural variation has been identified. Though some losses or gains of chromosome regions, or copy number variations (CNVs), seem harmless enough (e.g., Sebat et al., 2004), rare and large CNVs greater than 100 kb turn up more frequently in several brain disorders, including intellectual disability (ID), autism, epilepsy, and schizophrenia (Malhotra et al., 2012). In the limited reports to date, duplications or deletions of the same chromosomal regions—called "reciprocal" CNVs, such as those found at 16p11.2—appear to increase risk for different disorders (see SRF related news story) rather than producing the bi-directional risk-protective effect found in the new study.
Large (1.5-3 Mb) deletions of 22q11.2 cause velocardiofacial syndrome (also known as DiGeorge syndrome), which has a wide variety of symptoms, and 22q11.2 deletions are also associated with autism and ID. About 25 percent of people carrying the 22q11.2 deletion—which contains at least 30 genes—develop psychosis and receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia, making it one of the most potent genetic risk factors for schizophrenia. Carriers of the reciprocal duplication also display a spectrum of phenotypes, including ID, autism, and even fairly normal (Ou et al., 2008). The new study, however, is the first to specifically survey people with schizophrenia for these duplications and found they were conspicuously missing.
Clues from 22q
First author Elliot Rees and colleagues began by genotyping 6,882 people with schizophrenia and 11,255 controls with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays. They found no 22q11.2 duplications in the schizophrenia group, but 10 in the controls. In contrast, they detected 20 22q11.2 deletions in the schizophrenia group, but none in the controls, as expected. Looking in additional cohorts, the researchers found three people with schizophrenia who carried 22q11.2 duplications, but this frequency still remained lower than that in the control group. When combining these results with the original discovery cohort, they found that, in 47,005 people surveyed, 22q11.2 duplications turned up in 22 (0.085 percent) of 25,867 controls but only in three (0.014 percent) of 21,138 people with schizophrenia. Though rare in both cases, they were significantly more rare in schizophrenia (p = 0.00086).
Although the protective effect was not complete, the three people with schizophrenia who also carried 22q11.2 had relatively late ages of onset (28, 34, and 43). They did not carry other known risk CNVs. Of the 22 controls with the duplications, there was information available about psychiatric histories for only six, but these did not show anything resembling schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or major affective disorder.
This apparent bi-directional effect for schizophrenia, with duplications decreasing risk and deletions increasing it, is not found for other disorders. For autism and ID, for example, the researchers noted that both 22q11.2 deletions and duplications were more frequent in cases than in controls. This disassociation suggests that genes within 22q11.2 underlie some schizophrenia-specific molecular effects.
Consistent with this notion, gene expression varied with gene dosage in a subset of samples tested. Lymphoblasts from a subset of duplication and deletion carriers, surveyed with RNA sequencing, showed the expected increases and decreases in expression of genes within the 22q11.2 region, but not in genes immediately flanking the region. This supports the idea that genes within the region confer the protective or risk effects, rather than that the CNV disrupts chromatin elsewhere in the genome.
The finding may intensify the hunt for the operative gene(s) for mental illness in the 22q11.2 region. Previous research focused on the candidate genes COMT, PRODH, GNB1L, and TBX1 (see SRF related news story), but the new protective effect could give researchers another phenotype to work with in their efforts to find the relevant genes. It may also provide a clue to understanding the varied penetrance and expressivity that comes with CNVs.—Michele Solis.
Rees E, Kirov G, Sanders A, Walters JT, Chambert KD, Shi J, Szatkiewicz J, O'Dushlaine C, Richards AL, Green EK, Jones I, Davies G, Legge SE, Moran JL, Pato C, Pato M, Genovese G, Levinson D, Duan J, Moy W, Göring HH, Morris D, Cormican P, Kendler KS, O'Neill FA, Riley B, Gill M, Corvin A; Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Craddock N, Sklar P, Hultman C, Sullivan PF, Gejman PV, McCarroll SA, O'Donovan MC, Owen MJ. Evidence that duplications of 22q11.2 protect against schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 2013 Nov 12. Abstract
Reciprocal CNVs at 22q11.2: New Insights Into...
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Reciprocal CNVs at 22q11.2: New Insights Into Protection Versus Risk for Neurodevelopmental Disorders
The discovery of factors that protect against schizophrenia has immediate and important implications for prevention and treatment of this condition, as well as providing useful insights into the relationship of schizophrenia with other disorders. The recent finding that duplications of the 22q11.2 chromosome region protect against schizophrenia (Rees et al., 2013) provides an outstanding case in point, because the reciprocal deletion of this region represents one of the most highly penetrant and well-documented causes of schizophrenia uncovered to date. Of particular interest with regard to deletions and duplications of 22q11.2 is that, whereas deletions are strongly associated with schizophrenia risk, duplications of 22q11.2 not only protect against schizophrenia, but also increase risk for autism (Crespi et al., 2010; Sanders et al., 2011; Crespi and Crofts, 2012; Rees et al., 2013).
Comparable findings have been reported for 16p11.2: Whereas a 0.6 Mb deletion in this chromosomal region is strongly associated with risk of autism (Sanders et al., 2011), the reciprocal duplication is strongly associated with risk of schizophrenia (McCarthy et al., 2009). For both of these loci, the schizophrenia-associated CNV has also been linked with ASD, but these findings remain controversial because relatively severe premorbidity to schizophrenia may present as ASD in childhood, such that these autism spectrum diagnoses could represent false positives (Eliez, 2007; Crespi et al., 2010; Crespi and Crofts, 2012; Angkustsiri et al., 2013; Karayiorgou, 2013).
Why, then, should reciprocal CNVs predispose to autism on one hand, but schizophrenia on the other? Why should an autism risk factor protect against schizophrenia? And most importantly, how can these findings help to guide future research on these conditions?
The simplest explanation for why autism and schizophrenia may be mediated by reciprocal CNVs is that they represent, in some sense, "reciprocal" or "diametric" disorders (Crespi and Badcock, 2008). The idea of diametric disorders is novel to psychiatry, but it represents a straightforward application of the concept that biological systems may generally be perturbed in two opposite directions, towards, for example, lower versus higher levels of some gene product, lower versus higher activation of some pathway, or smaller versus larger size for a given structure. Here, the "system" is neurological and social-behavioral development. In this context, autism involves, in part, underdeveloped social cognition and behavior (Lai et al., 2013). By contrast, schizophrenia, and related psychotic-affective conditions, involve, in part, "hyper-developed" social cognition and behavior, expressed in such exaggerated social phenotypes as paranoia, auditory hallucinations, mania, megalomania, high levels of guilt and shame, and dysregulated, chaotic speech and language (Frith, 2004; Crespi and Badcock, 2008).
This diametric model will remain overly simplistic, and contentious, until its neurodevelopmental basis has been better elucidated and evaluated. However, it provides a straightforward hypothesis that, on face value, provides the clearest account to date for the observed psychiatric effects of these reciprocal CNVs. Directly comparable reciprocal risk and protective factors have also been reported for X chromosome dosage effects: Klinefelter syndrome (usually XXY) involves increased risk of schizophrenia and schizotypy (DeLisi et al., 2005; van Rijn et al., 2006), but Turner syndrome (XO) involves increased risk of autism but decreased risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (Mors et al., 2001; Knickmeyer and Davenport, 2011).
The primary usefulness of the diametric model for autism spectrum and psychotic-affective conditions is that it makes novel, specific, and testable predictions regarding causes, protective factors, and potential therapies for both autism and schizophrenia. Such predictions are valuable because they allow for reciprocal illumination of the causes, correlates, and treatments of both sets of disorders, whose study has proceeded virtually independently for many decades.
Consider as examples:
1. Prenatal valproate represents a well-validated model for autism (Rinaldi et al., 2007), but in adulthood valproate serves as a therapeutic treatment for some psychotic-affective conditions (Haddad et al., 2009).
2. One of the best validated factors protecting against schizophrenia is congenital blindness (Landgraf and Osterheider, 2013; Silverstein et al., 2012); by contrast, congenital blindness represents a well-studied risk factor for autism (Hobson and Bishop, 2003).
3. mGluR5 antagonists represent one of the most promising new treatments for the autistic syndrome fragile X (Gürkan and Hagerman, 2012; Pop et al., 2013); by contrast, quite independently, mGluR5 agonists are under development and trials as treatment for schizophrenia (Lindsley and Stauffer, 2013).
4. Agonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, the receptors that individuals with schizophrenia self-stimulate via their extraordinarily high rates of cigarette smoking (Mobascher and Winterer, 2008), are being developed and tested for schizophrenia (Deutsch et al., 2013). Again quite independently, antagonists of the same receptor have been proposed as therapeutic agents for autism, based on a variety of evidence including low rates of smoking in autism (Lippiello, 2006).
5. Deletions of the SHANK3 gene represent a strong risk factor for autism (Betancur and Buxbaum, 2013), but duplications of this gene are associated with schizophrenia (Crespi et al., 2010), and SHANK3 overexpression causes mania-like behavior in mice (Han et al., 2013).
With regard to CNVs at 22q11.2, and protection from schizophrenia in individuals with duplications, it is of notable interest that 1) selective prefrontal overexpression of COMT, a key 22q11.2-region gene, rescues schizophrenia-like symptoms in a mouse model of deletion of 22q11.2 (Kimoto et al., 2012), and 2) an allele linked to low COMT expression is associated with psychosis among individuals with 22q11.2 deletions (Gothelf et al., 2013). If higher COMT expression protects against schizophrenia, might it also represent a risk factor for autism? In turn, might therapies that reduce COMT expression or effects help to alleviate symptoms of autism?
Testing the diametric model, in comparison to models that posit overlap between schizophrenia and autism, requires strong inference tests of alternative predictions. Such tests must also carefully take into account possible confounding of autism spectrum disorder with childhood premorbidity to schizophrenia (especially for relatively penetrant risk factors) and confounding of autistic social deficits with negative symptoms of schizophrenia that are superficially but not causally similar.
Most importantly, joint, integrated study of autism and schizophrenia should generate new insights into both sets of conditions, including factors that increase risk as well as the remarkable ones that protect.
Angkustsiri K, Goodlin-Jones B, Deprey L, Brahmbhatt K, Harris S, Simon TJ. Social Impairments in Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS): Autism Spectrum Disorder or a Different Endophenotype? J Autism Dev Disord. 2013 Sep 18. Abstract
Betancur C, Buxbaum JD. SHANK3 haploinsufficiency: a "common" but underdiagnosed highly penetrant monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorders. Mol Autism. 2013 Jun 11;4(1):17. Abstract
Crespi B, Badcock C. Psychosis and autism as diametrical disorders of the social brain. Behav Brain Sci. 2008 Jun;31(3):241-61; discussion 261-320. Abstract
Crespi BJ, Crofts HJ. Association testing of copy number variants in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. J Neurodev Disord. 2012 May 30;4(1):15. Abstract
Crespi B, Stead P, Elliot M. Comparative genomics of autism and schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jan 26;107 Suppl 1:1736-41. Abstract
DeLisi LE, Maurizio AM, Svetina C, Ardekani B, Szulc K, Nierenberg J, Leonard J, Harvey PD. Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY) as a genetic model for psychotic disorders. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2005 May 5;135B(1):15-23. Abstract
Deutsch SI, Schwartz BL, Schooler NR, Brown CH, Rosse RB, Rosse SM. Targeting alpha-7 nicotinic neurotransmission in schizophrenia: a novel agonist strategy. Schizophr Res. 2013 Aug;148(1-3):138-44. Abstract
Eliez S. Autism in children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007 Apr;46(4):433-4. Abstract
Frith CD. Schizophrenia and theory of mind. Psychol Med. 2004 Apr;34(3):385-9. Abstract
Gothelf D, Law AJ, Frisch A, Chen J, Zarchi O, Michaelovsky E, Ren-Patterson R, Lipska BK, Carmel M, Kolachana B, Weizman A, Weinberger DR. Biological Effects of COMT Haplotypes and Psychosis Risk in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. Biol Psychiatry. 2013 Aug 27. Abstract
Gürkan CK, Hagerman RJ. Targeted treatments in autism and Fragile x syndrome. Res Autism Spectr Disord. 2012 Oct 1;6(4):1311-1320. Abstract
Haddad PM, Das A, Ashfaq M, Wieck A. A review of valproate in psychiatric practice. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2009 May;5(5):539-51. Abstract
Han K, Holder JL Jr, Schaaf CP, Lu H, Chen H, Kang H, Tang J, Wu Z, Hao S, Cheung SW, Yu P, Sun H, Breman AM, Patel A, Lu HC, Zoghbi HY. SHANK3 overexpression causes manic-like behaviour with unique pharmacogenetic properties. Nature. 2013 Nov 7;503(7474):72-7. Abstract
Hobson RP, Bishop M. The pathogenesis of autism: insights from congenital blindness. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2003 Feb 28;358(1430):335-44. Abstract
Karayiorgou M. Dosage effects of 22q11 chromosomal region.
Kimoto S, Muraki K, Toritsuka M, Mugikura S, Kajiwara K, Kishimoto T, Illingworth E, Tanigaki K. Selective overexpression of Comt in prefrontal cortex rescues schizophrenia-like phenotypes in a mouse model of 22q11 deletion syndrome. Transl Psychiatry. 2012 Aug 7;2:e146. Abstract
Knickmeyer RC, Davenport M. Turner syndrome and sexual differentiation of the brain: implications for understanding male-biased neurodevelopmental disorders. J Neurodev Disord. 2011 Dec;3(4):293-306. Abstract
Lai MC, Lombardo MV, Baron-Cohen S. Autism. Lancet. 2013 Sep 25. Abstract
Landgraf S, Osterheider M. "To see or not to see: that is the question." The "Protection-Against-Schizophrenia" (PaSZ) model: evidence from congenital blindness and visuo-cognitive aberrations. Front Psychol. 2013 Jul 1;4:352. Abstract
Lindsley CW, Stauffer SR. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5-positive allosteric modulators for the treatment of schizophrenia (2004-2012). Pharm Pat Anal. 2013 Jan;2(1):93-108. Abstract
Lippiello PM. Nicotinic cholinergic antagonists: a novel approach for the treatment of autism. Med Hypotheses. 2006;66(5):985-90. Abstract
McCarthy SE, Makarov V, Kirov G, Addington AM, McClellan J, Yoon S, Perkins DO, Dickel DE, Kusenda M, Krastoshevsky O, Krause V, Kumar RA, Grozeva D, Malhotra D, Walsh T, Zackai EH, Kaplan P, Ganesh J, Krantz ID, Spinner NB, Roccanova P, Bhandari A, Pavon K, Lakshmi B, Leotta A, Kendall J, Lee YH, Vacic V, Gary S, Iakoucheva LM, Crow TJ, Christian SL, Lieberman JA, Stroup TS, Lehtimäki T, Puura K, Haldeman-Englert C, Pearl J, Goodell M, Willour VL, Derosse P, Steele J, Kassem L, Wolff J, Chitkara N, McMahon FJ, Malhotra AK, Potash JB, Schulze TG, Nöthen MM, Cichon S, Rietschel M, Leibenluft E, Kustanovich V, Lajonchere CM, Sutcliffe JS, Skuse D, Gill M, Gallagher L, Mendell NR; Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Craddock N, Owen MJ, O'Donovan MC, Shaikh TH, Susser E, Delisi LE, Sullivan PF, Deutsch CK, Rapoport J, Levy DL, King MC, Sebat J. Microduplications of 16p11.2 are associated with schizophrenia. Nat Genet. 2009 Nov;41(11):1223-7. Abstract
Mobascher A, Winterer G. The molecular and cellular neurobiology of nicotine abuse in schizophrenia. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2008 Sep;41 Suppl 1:S51-9. Abstract
Mors O, Mortensen PB, Ewald H. No evidence of increased risk for schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder in persons with aneuploidies of the sex chromosomes. Psychol Med. 2001 Apr;31(3):425-30. Abstract
Pop AS, Gomez-Mancilla B, Neri G, Willemsen R, Gasparini F. Fragile X syndrome: a preclinical review on metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonists and drug development. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2013 Nov 15. Abstract
Rees E, Kirov G, Sanders A, Walters JT, Chambert KD, Shi J, Szatkiewicz J, O'Dushlaine C, Richards AL, Green EK, Jones I, Davies G, Legge SE, Moran JL, Pato C, Pato M, Genovese G, Levinson D, Duan J, Moy W, Göring HH, Morris D, Cormican P, Kendler KS, O'Neill FA, Riley B, Gill M, Corvin A; Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Craddock N, Sklar P, Hultman C, Sullivan PF, Gejman PV, McCarroll SA, O'Donovan MC, Owen MJ. Evidence that duplications of 22q11.2 protect against schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 2013 Nov 12. Abstract
Rinaldi T, Kulangara K, Antoniello K, Markram H. Elevated NMDA receptor levels and enhanced postsynaptic long-term potentiation induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Aug 14;104(33):13501-6. Abstract
Sanders SJ, Ercan-Sencicek AG, Hus V, Luo R, Murtha MT, Moreno-De-Luca D, Chu SH, Moreau MP, Gupta AR, Thomson SA, Mason CE, Bilguvar K, Celestino-Soper PB, Choi M, Crawford EL, Davis L, Wright NR, Dhodapkar RM, DiCola M, DiLullo NM, Fernandez TV, Fielding-Singh V, Fishman DO, Frahm S, Garagaloyan R, Goh GS, Kammela S, Klei L, Lowe JK, Lund SC, McGrew AD, Meyer KA, Moffat WJ, Murdoch JD, O'Roak BJ, Ober GT, Pottenger RS, Raubeson MJ, Song Y, Wang Q, Yaspan BL, Yu TW, Yurkiewicz IR, Beaudet AL, Cantor RM, Curland M, Grice DE, Günel M, Lifton RP, Mane SM, Martin DM, Shaw CA, Sheldon M, Tischfield JA, Walsh CA, Morrow EM, Ledbetter DH, Fombonne E, Lord C, Martin CL, Brooks AI, Sutcliffe JS, Cook EH Jr, Geschwind D, Roeder K, Devlin B, State MW. Multiple recurrent de novo CNVs, including duplications of the 7q11.23 Williams syndrome region, are strongly associated with autism. Neuron. 2011 Jun 9;70(5):863-85. Abstract
Silverstein SM, Wang Y, Keane BP. Cognitive and neuroplasticity mechanisms by which congenital or early blindness may confer a protective effect against schizophrenia. Front Psychol. 2012 Jan 21;3:624. Abstract
van Rijn S, Aleman A, Swaab H, Kahn R. Klinefelter's syndrome (karyotype 47,XXY) and schizophrenia-spectrum pathology. Br J Psychiatry. 2006 Nov;189:459-60. Abstract
PRIMARY PAPERSEvidence that duplications of 22q11.2 protect against schizophrenia.
RELATED NEWSResearch Roundup: 22q11.2 Is Hotspot for Schizophrenia ResearchChromosome 22 Link to Schizophrenia StrengthenedPsychiatric CNV Hotspot Harbors Head Size GeneWCPG 2015: Awards, Epigenetics, and Exomes


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Dodge Super Bee Fender Dent Repair - Outfitting The Home Body ShopWritten by on December 1, 2007 The What's Needed And The How To Use It Of Dent Repair
Take a walk around any car show-field or cruise night, and you will see beautifully restored cars everywhere. It's a given, people enjoy showing off their cars they have restored. But unlike the TV shows portray, making a rusted or banged-up wreck look like new does not happen in a week. what does it really take to make a car with less than perfect sheetmetal look like a show stopper?
There are plenty of body shop tool companies out there that will sell you the tools you need, but they very seldom come with instructions on how to use them. we can't dedicate an entire issue to showing how to use all the tools required, but we can show you what it takes to properly remove a dent-in this case, a dent in a front fender. Countless articles have been written about how to replace a piece of metal that's rusty, but what if you just found a cherry fender at a swap meet that only needs a dent removed?
We grabbed the Eastwood Restorations catalog to see what it would take to get the proper tools for such a repair, and what it might cost for said tools. If you're only going to fix one car in your lifetime, you may not want the expense of buying the tools we did, but maybe you and a friend have a couple of cars you will ultimately be working on. With that said, I have yet to meet a person that decides they are going to rebuild one car and stop there. It doesn't happen.
So what does it take to do a simple dent repair on a fender? We already had a hand grinder, so we ordered a couple of sanding blocks and the requisite sandpaper, and one handy dent puller. In years gone by, holes were drilled into the dent in the fender, and a slide hammer with either a hook or a sheetmetal screw in the end of it was inserted into the hole, and the dent was pulled out. Once that was done, you both welded up and smoothed the holes, or some guys even left the holes and smeared body filler over the area. This dent puller we have is a lot better fix as it doesn't need a hole in the metal, and therefore, less work is required.
Well, enough talking about the fix, let's get to showing you how to do it.
More Photos From This Article View Slideshow
Before any work can begin, you need to assess the damage and decide the best course of action to repair it. Normally, a dent can be gently hammered out from the backside, and a hammer and dolly can be used to smooth the metal. In the case of our Super Bee fender, the dent was at the very front portion of the fender and inaccessible with a hammer-unless you want to completely remove the inner structure. We were going to have to do our repair from the outside.The support we are using is designed for a multitude of uses; we got ours from harbor freight for $20.The area being repaired needs to be clean of paint. A $20 orbital sander and some sandpaper is all that's required.The dent puller from Eastwood is a tool that spot welds a short pin to the metal. We got ours for $370. The welder can be used for a multitude of other things as well-metal shrinking, welding trim rivets to your car, and more.We usually like to start at the dent's lowest point and work our way out. Begin by welding the pins to the fender. It will take more than one pin to properly remove the dent.Here you can see that four pins have been welded to the dent's lowest point, and with the slide hammer included with the kit, slowly start to pull the dent out.Don't try to remove the entire dent in one "pull." Work your way back and forth on all of the pins and slowly bring it out.It took a few pins to get the majority of the dent out, but you can see there is still a dent where the blue paint is at the front of the fender, and two of the pins pulled off the fender. That is a result of the welder being applied too long, and the metal getting brittle. We'll weld the holes shut before we begin "smoothing."
We removed the pins before we were done because we needed pins in locations very close to the old ones, and we couldn't work with them so close together. We had already removed the majority of the dent, and now it was time for some fine tuning.Since we will only be finishing the details of the dent repair, we can't use the slide hammer, as it's way too forceful. This little hand puller-supplied in the dent puller kit-gives you enough leverage to gently pull on a low spot, and then work the high spots with a hammer.Like we said, the little puller makes it easy to pull on the low spots and use a body hammer to lower (tap) the high spots, thus smoothing the metal.Fillers have been around for years, and if used properly, are a great tool. We like to use the Eastwood Metal 2 metal filler. This filler applies like typical plastic fillers, yet is made with fine aluminum particles, which helps make for a stronger repair.It's also waterproof, so there is little chance of corrosion under the patch areas. A quart of this stuff is $26.Our thin layer of Metal 2 Metal filler hardened like a rock, so after it dried overnight, we did an initial sand with the DA and 80- grit paper. Remember to only take off as much filler as required to smooth the body contour.After sanding down our primary filler, we found there were a few spots of metal that were visible surrounded by filler.
Now we gave the repair area a thin coating of Eurosoft Glazing putty. This is a final step to fill any pinholes and/or small imperfections before painting. This stuff costs $24 a quart. Again, we let it dry about three hours.To make sure you get a good, smooth surface without waves, sanding boards are a must. These we got from Eastwood are flexible and can form to the contour required.Always make sure that your board is flat against the surface you are working on. You can see we have a couple more high spots to tap down.After sanding for a while, it becomes apparent where we need more filler. The guide coat makes spotting these areas a lot easier.A minimal amount of filler was needed to fill in the pits, and final sanding can begin after the filler dries.To cover the repair, we used Eastwood's self-etching primer that came in an Aerosol can. This easy to use primer etches and primes bare, rust-free metal in one step. Adheres to steel, aluminum, stainless steel, and galvanized steel and is compatible with virtually any paint or auto finish. The self-etching formula bonds better to bare metals, and covers repairs better than other aerosol primers. It is also a single-stage formula, which requires no catalyst, making it even easier to use. A 16 ounce aerosol can is $15.

subset: commoncrawl


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Western Red Cedar beehive kit with 3 medium boxes. Milled in Portland, Oregon, from kiln-dried Western Red Cedar. Cedar boxes last longer, weigh less and provide better insulation than common white pine Langstroth hive bodies. Finger joints and screws make these boxes incredibly strong. Pre-drilled for easily assembly with provided screws. Interchangeable with standard Langstroth hive parts. Available in 8-frame and 10-frame size.
Our medium boxes fit any standard 6 1/4" medium Langstroth frames.
8-frame boxes measure 14" wide by 20" long by 6 5/8" deep. 10-frame boxes measure 16 1/8" wide by 20" long by 6 5/8" deep.


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15 Feb 2008 10:42 AM #21
Maximize from the clicked panel
Well, if someone wants the same thing as me, maximize animation from the panel clicked, change this line :
for this line :
and done!
15 Feb 2008 12:48 PM #22franckxxGuest
nice modification !!
all new mod or improvement are welcome ! i like this plugins !!
23 Mar 2008 3:56 PM #23
I have been using your plugin on a south region panel in a viewport border layout for about a month now and really like it. I have just incorporated it into a gridpanel within the center region and in doing so, the search plugin that I was using stopped working. I was asked by the Ext dev. who provided the search plugin to inquire from you if this may be a problem with the maximize plugin. The search plugin worked until I added the maximize plugin. I also am using the expander plugin within the same girdpanel and this works fine with the maximize plugin. The following forum covers the search plugin in detail as well as the code I used for the search and maximize plugins.
Thanks for your help.
27 Apr 2008 3:28 PM #24
I have been using the maximize plugin for both portlets within my center panel of the viewport and the south panel. The center portlets work great with the plugin but I am having a problem with sizing in the maximized south panel. In the south panel, I have three tabs each with grid panels that are generated dynamically. Each tab has a series of buttons below the grid panel. Upon display of the maximized south panel, I am seeing a large blank space below the tabs. Any hints on what may be causing this? Has this been tried before using the maximize plugin? I am using the supplied maximize code with the exception of setting resizable, draggable, border and bodyborder to false. Thanks.
9 May 2008 6:32 AM #25
Can any body tell me how to disallow dragging of inner element which we added in window.
Because when users drag it drop in work area Window remained blank.
I tried making draggable to false but it didn't work
panel.draggable = false;
Also I want to know how I can get rid of double title I am Maximizing it
Last edited by yogeshmsharma; 9 May 2008 at 6:34 AM. Reason: attachement
12 May 2008 12:15 AM #26
12 May 2008 4:49 AM #27
12 May 2008 7:28 AM #28
Sorry to say but when I was posting the code, I found it is not working with firefox 2.0
i don't why?
Does any body know the solution. Please reply as it is very critical for me.
14 May 2008 11:13 AM #29
1. Setting draggable to false when (or before) the maximize event fires.
2. Setting draggable to true once again when (or after) the close event fires on the maximized window.
Once I get some code written, I'll post it up. Don't wait on me though - you've had the problem for a full day longer than I have!
10 Jun 2008 10:47 AM #30
In addition to the portlet panel being draggable while maximized, there is another problem I ran into.
If you collapse the portlet and click on the maximize it, you get a collapse panel still.
That's easy to fix by expanding it during the maximize process.
However, when you restore the portlet, the originalSize is not correct. Well it is correct for the collapsed portlet. If you expand it now, it gets the height of the portlet when it was maximized.
I tried expanding the portlet right at the start of the maximize event to see if I can save the normal expanded height but I wasn't successful.
Anyone have this problem?
I solved this by splitting the handleMaximize function into two parts. The second part is called as an event handler to an 'expand' event. I explicitly call panel.expand() and in this handler I get the size.
I wasn't able to obtain the correct size information any other way.
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Could someone show an example of how psychic powers work in Deathwatch? I am confused because I am used to how they worked in Dark Heresy which is different, the individual powers don't have thresholds anymore, it simply appears to be a willpower test now.
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There's been some important errata to how psy powers work, which is good, because the book's rules are actually somewhere between "unclear" and "contradictory" in several areas.
The most important thing to know is that the example is wrong, wrong, wrong, and should be wholesale disregarded.
The other important thing to know is that all Focus Power tests are made at a difficulty of Challenging (+0).
Also, note that you get +5 to your Focus Power test per point of effective Psy Rating - "effective" meaning "including modifiers for Fettered or Push". (Push provides +3 Psy Rating, and thus +15 to your check.)
It is fairly different, but not too complex. In short,
1) Choose a power level (fettered, unfettered or push) - this determines how powerful the effect will be and what the chances of a warp event will be
2) Make a focus power test (straight willpower test against the adjusted psy rating [modified by the power level adjustment added to the Psyker's base Psy rating])
3) Apply effects (basically do damage, roll on the psychic phenomena table, etc).
The book example is fairly basic: a librarian (Psy 4) decides to take out an orc with Smite. He chooses to push (power level) giving a modified Psy rating of 7 (push grants a +3). Our librarian makes an Challenging (+0) test against his willpower to hit (per the power's description). If successful, he uses the Psy rating of 7 for all power effects and will make a roll on the psychic phenomena chart and handle fatigue (due to pushing).
Example: You librarian has a PSY score of 4. A Willpower score of 45.
For every point of psy rating, you get +5 to your Focus Power test.
Unfetterd PSY = 4, WP=45 Focus Power test=45 +(4*5)=65.
If you fetter the power you half your psy rating (round up) so PSY=2, WP=45 therefore FP=45+10=55
If you push you add +3 to your Psy modifier to your psy rating, therefore WP=45 PSY=4+3=7 so FP test = 45 + (5*7) 30= 75 but you roll on psychic phenomena table, if you get a double ie 66 you also get 1 point of fatigue . A FP roll of 91-100 still fails, regardless of wether your Focus Power bonus is greater.
Note: You can use Invocation (full action) to clear your mind an increase the psy rating of a fettered attack by 1, effectively removing the risk of psychic phenomena. A force staff gives +15 to a Invocation test.


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Your pregnancy is one crazy fashion opportunity. Your size changes day by day, so it's a real challenge to find clothing that looks good now and will still do the job next week. Your needs in this department depend, of course, on your lifestyle. If you are working, you'll need to build a wardrobe that can cover your expanding body and still look professional. If you spend more time at home than in public, you can get away with large shirts, leggings, and sweat suits for quite a long time.
When it's time to shop to cover the bulge, you might be tempted to run to the nearest maternity clothing shop. The problem with this is that maternity clothes are expensive. You're talking about a whole new wardrobe that you'll wear for a maximum of four months. That's a lot of money. Before you refinance your house to support this fashion spree, consider a few alternatives that can get you through the fifth month without great expense:
When it's time to hit the maternity shops (usually sometime in the fifth or sixth month) you'll find that maternity clothes are made differently than your nonpregnancy clothes—at least they should be. When you shop, look for…
Looking good during your pregnancy is one way to bolster your self-image. Do yourself a favor and borrow and buy a wardrobe that is stylish and flattering. Today's maternity fashions can make even the largest pregnant woman look fabulous.
Excerpted from The Complete Idiot's Guide to Pregnancy and Childbirth © 2004 by Michele Isaac Gliksman, M.D. and Theresa Foy DiGeronimo. All rights reserved including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. Used by arrangement with Alpha Books, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc.
To order this book visit Amazon's website or call 1-800-253-6476.
© 2000-2016 Sandbox Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved.


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How do you version-control your wireframe/prototype assets? I have largely been working with interactive HTML prototypes and as I go through iteration after iteration I find that my process of versioning, change-logging and comparing versions, is quite lacking. Anyone have suggestions? Use SVN?
SVN isn't great because it has a high learning curve and is primarily used by developers. If you don't have a problem with that, go ahead and use it (or git, or hg, or whatever), but I think there's a better way.
Handcraft (which I build) was designed with this problem in mind. Instead of using version control, you have distinct prototypes in your account. In practice I find that if I need to create an alternative design, there are several options:
Both of these actions are very easy to do with Handcraft as we felt that asking designers to learn version control just to work with interactive prototypes is a bit "developer-minded". There should be a tool specifically geared towards interaction designers and front-end engineers which cuts out all the stuff you don't want while prototyping. That's what Handcraft is.
For instance, we're currently testing an alternate homepage design for Handcraft's promo site. It's a prototype in the sense that we're not sure about it and are trying some different things out. What I did was copy the homepage's HTML and start changing things around. It still refers to the original CSS but I created a new stylesheet that only this page uses for exceptions, changes, and overrides. It works pretty well. If I planned on approaching the homepage in a completely different way, I might start from scratch or create a second prototype based on this one so I can really dig in.
In case you're wondering, Handcraft does support rudimentary version backups so you won't lose your historical changes. But we noticed that prototyping by nature is geared towards experimentation. So the version thing is in place just in case. You should really be looking to explore as much as possible and iterate as quickly as possible instead of trying to snapshot every little change. If you want to compare different approaches, what I outlined above works really well.
Edit: something else I just thought of - I'm actually currently working on a prototype for a client and I wanted to save a specific version as reference for later. So I exported the prototype from Handcraft, which gives me a bunch of HTML files and all the included media. I then checked this into our development trunk for the final app and I plan to do that with future snapshots as the project progresses.
(Obvious disclaimer: I created Handcraft).
Subversion (aka SVN)
For text-based sources, like HTML, CSS, JavaScript etc, it's perfect and highly recommended.
You do need, however, to check if you SVN client support the binary feature as well.
File sharing
Another solution is some kind of file-sharing system that automatically backs up the history. Dropbox one solution that I use a lot. Really simple to use and very easy to share folders with other people. IIRC, Dropbox saves the history, so you can go back and get a former version of a file, but this is not the main feature of Dropbox, of course.
Further discussion on binaries in SVN
You might consider to do some searching on StackOverflow.com. I know that this topic has been discussed over there. Maybe you'll find something at programmers.stackexchange.com as well...
I understand fundamentally what Git does and I think it would be really handy in the context of high-fidelity prototyping, but as a non-programmer without a lot of command line interface chops it has a heckuva learning curve.
File versioning should be used for everything. Wireframes and similar documentation is often versioned within SharePoint (SharePoint is evil, and awful, but I will grant it that it's does one thing OK and that's sharing documents and versioning them).
That said, playing devil's advocate, if you find yourself editing wireframes a lot, I'd argue that it's a waste of time. Wireframes are meant to get the process rolling but, IMHO, not meant to act as a permanent piece of documentation that needs to be updated. I'm a fan of keeping Wireframes internal to the team and tossing them aside once the building process begins.
It's not a perfect answer, but if your development team uses Subversion, PixelNovel Timeline integrates SVN into the Creative Suite so you can easily commit proofs to source control.
I use our SCM's version control.
Balsamiq is nice and uses XML, which the diff tools work great on and which is very compact.
For image-based mockups, it's more space-consuming, but I still use version control when I can. However, when I render high-res outputs, I tend to save those off as a separate named version, just to make it easier to find later. I ought to be using SCM labels, but the interface isn't up to snuff for this.
One pitfall: make sure you version-control the entire site at once. This includes all the pages and the scripts, and whatever external libraries you're using (jQuery, etc.). Otherwise, you won't be able to reproduce old state.
There are no right answer to this questions as there are LOADS of tools and way to face the problem. Personally I use Github for my interactive prototypes and google Docs for PDF, simply because is easier to share them, but I think you could use github with virtually everything!
Dropbox does the job for updating graphic comp. such as wireframes design etc. It has a built-in svn and very easy to use. And yes for collaboration its great as well!
I also use DropBox, mostly for the auto-backup and versioning, but also for the sharing. As I'm on OS X I've also got Time Machine running, which gives me versioning even further back in time (Dropbox has limits).
Both DropBox and Time Machine have a habit of saving revisions when they want, which usually doesn't align with when I consider it relevant. DropBox saves a version on every save event (which for me is very often, not after I've done 3 hours of work without saving), while Time Machine runs on a hourly schedule. (This is where SVN et al would be appropriate).
Both are thus are not sufficient for me - my wireframes are design and communication documents, and as such get printed, emailed, transmitted via sneakernet, copied to USB sticks, posted on walls, spindled, folded, buried in peat moss, and recycled as fire lighters. If the file has the same file name throughout all my changes then I end up wasting a lot of time sorting out confusions if they are looking at an old version. Which someone inevitably will be.
Thus I also make sure my documents have a file name reflecting which edition it is. The schema I've found that works well for me is
I most certainly don't rely on the OS file modification date (there are actually some apps which touch the date when you simply open the file for viewing).
If you're on OS X, I highly recommend one of these two options:
In simple terms:
I use both based pretty much on that difference.


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Women's Asics Ryleigh Long Sleeve Tee Shirt
Workouts on cool mornings are no match for the cozy feel of the Asics Ryleigh Long Sleeve Tee Shirt. This moisture-wicking tee will keep you comfortable and just warm enough as you work up a sweat.
Featuring stylish raglan sleeves and the Asics logo emblazoned on the front, this casual tee is the perfect workout companion. Thumbholes in the cuffs give you extra coverage, while the longer length ensures you stay cozy.


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Making something with boxwood greenery had been on my list forever, so long, in fact, that I bought it and promptly pulled it off the stems. Then I had no idea what to do with it. I tried a million things, but in the end the only thing I did with it was pile it all into a bag and put it into storage bin. But then, a crazy idea came to my mind… what if I put it into a vintage cheese box?
Of course, I didn't have any floral foam. That's what most folks use when making arrangements, but I never seem to have any of it on hand. Yeah, I know I could have bought some… but then I really didn't want to change out of my PJs. So, instead, I just stuffed some tissue paper into the bottom of the box, then tucked all the greenery right on top.
Is it secure? Yep! But then I don't have little hands trying to pluck it out, either. Just tucking it into the box worked perfect for me – while I was in my PJs, of course! I'm always about trying to make things work with what I've got… because who wants to go shopping for floral foam? You neither? Yeah…. that's what I thought.


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By Sayantani DasGupta My recent trip to India was marked by two horrific tragedies: one in my home country and another in the country of my family origins. There is very little seemingly in common with a brutal gang rape in New Delhi and an elementary school killing in Connecticut. Except that both have ignited the hearts … [Read more...]
You are here: Home / Archives for school shooting
Two Tragedies and a Rising of Social Justice Consciousness
January 30, 2013 By Sharon
Filed Under: Activism Tagged With: activism, Connecticut, Eve Ensler, gang rape, gun control, India, New Delhi, Sandy Hook, school shooting, social justice, uprising, violence


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Recent comments
Forum topic: "Play video" icon causing selectability problems
Same problem here. Conkeror 1.0 Xul 30
Forum topic: Price Correction
We display the price in $, thats why it says 2.99. we don't have the capabilities to display different currencies.
Forum topic: Not Working On Linux
Upgrading to java version "1.7.0_65" fixed the problem. Game is now working! Thanks!
Forum topic: Strange description
Its a game about nothing™
Seriously, its a MOG. No great enemy to fight. Just grind away on monsters in dungeons and improve your stats and collect wealth like any typical MOG.
Forum topic: Free and Open Source
Thanks for pointing that out, fixed
Forum topic: no license yet
I started a discussion about this on the Greenlight page for Destination Sol: http://steamcommunity.com/workshop/filedetails/discussion/274194423/5227...
Feel free to add enlightened advice there :-)
Forum topic: fashion cents deluxe
MyGameCompany shut its doors. It makes me wonder, where you bought the game.
Post on GOL: http://www.gamingonlinux.com/articles/mygamecompany-is-shutting-its-door...
Forum topic: Look at the Steam forums
Whish I could help but it's probably not an nVidia related problem since I use nVidia :)
GTX 550 Ti and Driver version 337.25.
My guess is that you are missing some 32-bit libs


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Members of the media who wish to reach students, faculty, staff, or a spokesperson of the College, please email Media Relations or call 802-440-4399.
Bennington College
Office of Communications
One College Drive
Bennington, VT 05201-6003
Bennington student editors have released the fifth volume of plain china, the first and only literary anthology showcasing the best undergraduate writing from across the country. This year's anthology features work selected from more than 75 undergraduate literary journals, and includes writers from Boston College, Brown, Dartmouth, Florida State University, Grinnell, NYU, Princeton, Stanford, Swarthmore, Tufts, the University of Iowa, and UC Berkeley, to name a few.
This year's fiction prize judge is Man Booker Prize winner Lydia Davis; judging for nonfiction is longtime Atlantic editor and NPR commentator Jack Beatty; American Book Award winner Jericho Brown judged for poetry.
Since its inception, the anthology has received almost 50,000 visits from every state and more than 140 countries. A fiction submission from the first volume was selected for publication in The Atlantic; one of last year's essays appeared in Best American Essays 2013.


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Automatically Fix Typos and Add Text with Excel 2007's AutoCorrect Feature
Excel 2007's AutoCorrect feature already knows to automatically fix two initial capital letters in an entry, to capitalize the names of the days of the week, and to replace a set number of text entries and typos with particular substitute text. But you can use AutoCorrect to alert Excel to your own particular typing errors and tell the program how it should automatically fix them for you.
You can add to the list of AutoCorrect text replacements at any time. These text replacements can be of two types: typos that you routinely make (along with the correct spellings), and abbreviations or acronyms that you type all the time (along with their full forms). Follow these steps:
Click the Office button and then click the Excel Options button.
The Excel Options dialog box appears.
Click the Proofing tab.
The Proofing options appear in the right pane.
Click the AutoCorrect Options button.
The AutoCorrect dialog box appears.
Select the Replace Text as You Type check box.
This check box is usually selected by default.
On the AutoCorrect tab, enter the typo in the Replace text box.
You also can enter an abbreviation here. Be sure that the text you type in the Replace box of the AutoCorrect dialog box isn't a real word! Otherwise, you may unintentionally replace a commonly known word with other unwanted text.
Enter the correction in the With text box.
If you entered an abbreviation in the previous step, enter the full form of the text here.
Click the Add button and then click OK two times.
The new typo or abbreviation appears in the AutoCorrect list, and both dialog boxes close.
After you add an entry to the AutoCorrect list, whenever you type the abbreviated text or typo in your worksheet, Excel automatically replaces that text with the version that you entered in the With text box. For example, you may have informed Excel that whenever you type naaooa in the worksheet, that text should be replaced with National Association Against the Overuse of Acronyms; now, whenever you type naaooa, it will change into the full name of this fictional organization. You'll see the correction after you press the spacebar (if you are entering multiple words in a cell) or after you complete the cell entry.


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This protective and versatile leather snap case/cover is designed specifically for the iPad mini and iPad mini with Retina Display. It functions as a portfolio-style case cover, and also folds into an easel so you can work from virtually anywhere. The cover includes hidden magnetic activation that puts your device into sleep mode when it is closed; opening the cover automatically restarts your device. The exterior is leather; the interior has a faux suede lining.
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Beautiful and Durable
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Comments about Tumi Orange Leather Snap Case iPad Mini:
The Tumi iPad mini leather snap case is the best iPad case I have owned. It's design is beautiful and colorful, without being too bright. The leather is durable and the snap-close function works perfectly, unlike the last two iPad cases I owns previously to this. I am very happy with it!
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If I delete files on a NTFS partition I can recover them shortly with a very high probability of success. When a file is deleted, only the file system entry is deleted, thus the content of the file will still remain intact for a periode of time, depending on the disk activity afterwards.
How can I make sure that the files will be unrecoverable and what is the best tool to do the job?


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I was watching a Chinese show today, where they said '蛮舒服'. Since I've never heard 蛮 before I looked it up, and the dictionary tells me that 蛮 is only used as 'quite' in dialect. Now my question is, where?
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As others have said, 蛮 is not exactly dialectal. Most Chinese speakers would understand what you mean if you use it to mean "quite."
However, it should be noted that it is colloquial--it shows up in spoken Chinese but rarely in print, hence your discovery of it on a Chinese TV show. In fact, some native Chinese speakers will confuse 蛮 with 满 when asked to write the word down.
"蛮" usually used in southern Jiangsu province and northern part of Jiangsu near Yangtze river,and Shanghai,but since Nanjing had been the capital in last century,this usage has slided into Mandarin,but people grown up in northern china do prefer "很" to "蛮".
I lived in 江苏 and 上海. I used it in preference to 很 (I also used 好 in preference to 很). I certainly don't know the total geographical reach, but it's very common at least in the areas I was living.
"蛮舒服" means "比较舒服", 蛮 expresses some extent like "还可以"(It is fine/OK.) It does not saying very "舒服", or you are just expressing some feeling that you feel comfortable. You don't want to stress that it is comfortable very much.


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It might sound stupid but seriously I couldn't find why?
We have a mass with a constant speed, which is acted on by a unit force which is always at right angles to its direction of motion.
Why do the mass travels a circular path!?
It might sound stupid but seriously I couldn't find why?
We have a mass with a constant speed, which is acted on by a unit force which is always at right angles to its direction of motion.
Why do the mass travels a circular path!?
As Newton did in his Principia Mathematica with an example similar to yours, imagine what happens over a short time $dt$ to the velocity of the mass. Using $F = m\,dv/dt$ gives
$dv = F\,dt/m$
The force is at right angles to $v$ and so $dv$ is at right angles to, rather than along $v$. Do the same for the next $dt$ and so on, adding up all the contributions of $dv$ for one complete revolution and you will get $\sum dv = 0$. The additional wobble to the circular motion becomes zero as $dv \rightarrow 0$
Assume the motion is confined to a plane. If the force is always at a right angle to the motion, the speed is necessarily constant. The circular shape follows due to symmetry.
To find the change in speed of an object, we can project the force vector acting on it onto the velocity vector. For example, the force below will create a large change in speed, because it is pushing mostly the same way an object is going.
This next force is just as big, but it will only create a small change in speed because it is pushing only partially in the direction of motion.
This final force will create no change in speed because it is perpendicular to the motion. Its only effect is to change the direction of motion.
Because the problem specifies that the force is always perpendicular to the motion, the object's speed is constant.
Once we know the speed is constant, it follows from symmetry that the motion is a circle. If the motion were, say, a parabola, then different parts of the trajectory would "feel" different to the particle. For example, the very bottom of a parabola is highly curved, but if you go up the sides a way, it is not.
The green part of the parabola, at the bottom, has a very short radius of curvature. The red part has a very long one. A ball traveling at constant speed feeling a constant force should not have such different types of motion at different times. Instead, since the force on it is always the same relative to itself, it should always be doing the same thing. There should not be any part of the curve that is different than any other part.
Other shapes, like an ellipse or a spiral, are also different in some parts than in others. Only the circle has the same curvature everywhere, and so the motion must be a circle.


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Dean Markham named Fellow of King's College London
Media Contact: Curtis Prather
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Alexandria, VA
– Virginia Seminary is proud to announce that the Very Rev. Ian S. Markham, dean and president of VTS, was elected a
Fellow of King's College London
during the graduation for the humanities on Monday, July 22, 2013.
Founded in 1829, King's is the third-oldest university in England, having been founded by King George IV and the Duke of Wellington, and seven years later became one of the founding colleges of the University of London. The Fellowship of King's was established in 1847 by the Council of King's. It is the most prestigious award the college can give, acknowledging distinguished service to the college or the achievement of distinction by those who were at one time closely associated with the college.
Markham is a graduate of King's, earning his B.D. in theology in 1985. He also served as sabbatical welfare officer for the King's College London Student Union. Since becoming dean and president of VTS in 2007, he has been actively involved in King's alumni activities in the Washington DC area.
"Ian continues to support theology at King's, not least in hosting several research visits of mine to help develop my research and publications," said Rev. Professor Richard Burridge, dean of King's College London. "As an active and enthusiastic alumnus, a well-respected scholar and writer, and a thoughtful priest and pastor, Ian Markham demonstrates the best of the King's motto, Sancte et Sapienter ('With Holiness and Wisdom')."
Previous King's College Fellowship recipients include Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Bishop Charles Gore, writer Evelyn Underhill, filmmaker Richard Attenborough, author Arthur C. Clarke and former Archbishop of Canterbury, the Rt. Rev. George Leonard Carey.
Markham is the author and editor of numerous books, including several focused on Christian and Muslim interfaith dialogue. He is acknowledged as a world expert on the 20th century Muslim theologian Said Nursi.
Founded in 1823, Virginia Theological Seminary is the largest of the 11 accredited seminaries of the Episcopal Church. The school prepares men and women for service in the Church worldwide, both as ordained and lay ministers, and offers a number of professional degree programs and diplomas. Currently, the Seminary represents more than 42 different dioceses and 5 different countries, in service of the Church. For more information, please visit vts.edu.
3737 Seminary Road, Alexandria, Virginia 22304 - Phone: (703) 370-660 or (800) 941-0083


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Hello, Sally!
Struthers proud to be part of 50th Anniversary Tour of 'Hello, Dolly!'
October 17, 2013
When Sally Struthers was growing up, "it never crossed my synapses" that acting was a career. Now, at the age of 66, "Here I am ... never stopping working. I've never been without a job....
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text: You know what's great about summer time? The pow wows that will be going on almost everywhere. I love Native American culture, and I also enjoy reading about their beliefs and how they believe in spirits and giving back to mother earth. This linked lesson will show you how to draw an Indian, step by step. I like the way this cute drawing of an Indian came out, and I also love how simple this tutorial was to follow. If you like drawing cowboys and Indians, you will love this lesson too.


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Collected for M.C.Parler Mt. View, Ark., Jan. 11, 1964
Collected and transcribed sung by Raymond Sanders
by Sara Jo Fendley a song he remembers singing
as a child at brush arbor
revivals in Kentucky.
Reel 420, item 11
XX VI Death and Judgement
Oh think on death and judgement, your days are almost spent Your are a wicked sinner, its time now you repent I know I'm a sinner, been wicked all my days When I get old and feeble, I'll think up on my ways
Remeber God commands you, in his loud words of truth Remember thy creator, while in the days of youth I know that he commands me, and still I do distain To leave my world of pleasure, and wear a Christians name
Suppose you lay down to sleep tonight, thinking all is well And should your eyes be closed in death, your soul awake in hell My case would then be awful, I now began to see I pray the Lord have mercy, have mercy Lord on me.
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


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Trojans Split Twin Bill, Capture Series Win over Carson-NewmanFebruary 16, 2014
ANDERSON, S.C. – After earning a hard-fought 3-2 victory on Saturday, Anderson University baseball claimed its first series win of the season, splitting a doubleheader with Carson-Newman, falling in the opening game, 11-4, but notching an 8-2 win in the second game Sunday afternoon at Anderson Memorial Stadium.
The split moves the Trojans to 3-7 for the year with an even 3-3 mark in South Atlantic Conference play, as they currently sit in sixth-place in the league standings. The Eagles, who suffered their first conference setback on Saturday, moved to 8-3 on the year and 4-2 in the SAC.
After posting just four runs on five hits in the opening game, the AU bats came alive in the final game, tallying 12 hits en route to eight runs. Headlining the Trojan attack was junior middle infielder Brett Cash who recorded three hits for the day. After dropping in a single in the first game, Cash pounded an RBI double and his first home run of the year in the second game, finishing 2-for-3 with three RBI and two runs scored. The two-hit game was the first time Cash has posted multi-hits for a game this season.
Also contributing in the second game was sophomore third baseman Garrett Bernardo, recording a perfect 3-of-3 performance with a run scored. Seniors David Jones and Nathan Galliford each posted two hits, while Galliford scored twice and drove in a run.
Anderson's top of the order of Kyle Bailey, Josh Hickman and Steven Cooper each tallied a hit in both games, combining for six singles and four RBI for the afternoon. Cooper has posted a hit in six straight games, while Bailey and Hickman are currently on four-game hitting streaks.
After earning his first save of the 2014 season on Saturday evening, Preseason All-SAC Second Team honoree Landon Beck started on the mound for the first time since his freshman year in the second game of the day. Beck tossed the team's first complete game of the season, going seven innings and striking out 10 Carson-Newman hitters. Despite giving up nine hits, the junior forced C-N to ground into three double plays, keeping the Eagles off the bases.
Carson-Newman was led by third baseman Bryan Everhart, who hit his first home run of the season on Saturday night. Everhart went 4-for-7 for the day with a double, four RBI and two runs scored. Left fielder Bo Ausmus posted two hits in both games, adding an RBI and three runs scored.
The conference series win marks the first since Anderson claimed 2-of-3 against Carson-Newman a season ago to close the 2013 year.
Anderson returns to action on Tuesday when it hits the road to Peach Belt Conference opponent GRU Augusta. First pitch is set for 3 p.m.


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Hans Smit '58 LL.B.
January 7, 2012
Hans Smit '58 LL.B. was a distinguished Columbia Law School professor and a leading scholar and practitioner in several fields, including international arbitration. He passed away on January 7, 2012, at the age of 84.
The author of numerous influential academic works and U.S. Supreme Court amicus briefs, Smit mentored generations of Law School students and directed programs that helped burnish Columbia Law School's reputation as a global hub for the study of international law.
Born and raised in Amsterdam, Netherlands, Smit earned an LL.B. and LL.M. from the University of Amsterdam. He proceeded to practice in The Hague and New York City before earning a master's degree from Columbia in 1953 and graduating first in his class with an LL.B. from the Law School in 1958.
Smit joined the Columbia Law School faculty in 1960, assuming directorship of the Project on International Procedure, which attracted top legal minds to the Law School, including U.S. Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg '59.
During the next several decades, Smit served as the director of numerous Law School projects and programs, including the Parker School of Foreign and Comparative Law, which Smit led from 1980 to 1998.
Smit founded the Columbia-Leiden-Amsterdam Summer Program, which for almost five decades has given law students and practicing lawyers from around the world the opportunity to travel to the Netherlands for one month of intensive training in American law. He was also the driving force behind the J.D./Master in French Law Program, which is offered jointly by Columbia Law School and the University of Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne.
A man of eclectic pastimes and tastes, Smit was keenly interested in the Middle Ages and collected 14th- and 15th-century art and furniture. He was also an accomplished water polo player who narrowly missed an Olympic spot with the Dutch national team.
Smit, who was made a Knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion by Queen Beatrix in 1987, is survived by his wife, Beverly, and his children, Robert H. Smit '86 and Marion Smit.


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I am currently playing a totemist. I was hoping to expand my damage and versatility through multiclassing into Incarnate to gain access to some more damaging powers, and I came across a question I cannot answer myself.
Does having the ability to bind a chakra (with the exception of totem) from totemist allow me to bind incarnate soulmelds to the chakra from totemist?


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Carletta Jean Walking Eagle, 45 of Crow Hill, rural Fort Totten, ND passed to the Spirit World on Thursday, October 31, 2013 at Sanford Health in Fargo, ND with her loving family at her side.
A Wake for Carletta will be held on Wednesday, November 6th at the St. Michael's Recreation Center beginning at 5:00 p.m. with a Rosary and Prayer Service at 8:00 p.m. The procession to St. Michael will leave on Wednesday at 4:00 p.m. from Wal-Mart.
Mass of the Resurrection will be held at St. Michael's Catholic Church on Thursday, November 7, 2013 at 10:00 a.m. with Fr. Charles Leute OP celebrating the Mass. Carletta will be laid to rest in the Walking Eagle Family Cemetery, rural Crow Hill.
Gilbertson Funeral Home, Devils Lake is handling the arrangements.
Location, ST | website.com


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Home > Volvo > Volvo C30 Electric 2012
Below you will find the high resolution car wallpaper for Volvo C30 Electric 2012. You may use the car wallpaper for any of the following widescreen screen resolutions:
1920x1200 | 1680x1050 | 1440x900 | 1280x800
Volvo C30 Electric 2012
Volvo has brought good news for car and environment lovers alike with the introduction of the 2012 Volvo C30 Electric. The use of electricity as the main source of propulsion gives this three-door hatchback a whole new extension. The car and its engine has been designed in such a way that even with electric propulsion, the car shows excellent stability at high speeds, thus ensuring a smoother long drive experience.


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Biblical Seminary began as Biblical School of Theology in 1971 through the shared vision of Dr. Allan A. MacRae, former president of Faith Theological School, and Dr. Jack W. Murray, president of Bible Evangelism, Inc.. Dr. MacRae and his colleagues became the founding faculty and classes began meeting in Hatfield, Pennsylvania. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania granted Biblical the right to grant degrees in 1974; in 1978 the school's name was changed to Biblical Theological Seminary.
Dr. Frank A. James III was inaugurated as Biblical's fourth president in 2013. Biblical was accredited by the Middle States Association in 1990 and by the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada in 1995.
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Together with my teammates, I'm trying to self-learn XP and apply its principles. We're successfully working in TDD and happily refactoring our code and design. However we're having problems with the overall view of the design of the project.
Lately we were wondering what would be the "good" practices for an effective continuous design of the code. We're not strictly seeking the right model, like CRC cards, communication diagrams, etc., instead we're looking for a technique to constantly collaborate on the high level view of the system (not too high though).
I'll try to explain myself better: I'm actually interested in the way CRC cards are used to brainstorm a model and I would mix them with some very rough UML diagrams (that we already use). However, what we're looking for are some principles for deciding when, how and how much to model during our iterations.
Have you any suggestion on this matter? For example, when your teammates and you know you need a design session and how your meetings work?