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5 Workplaces Annoyances That Can Actually Boost Creativity
#2. A Sex-Free Mind Is a Creative Mind
Somewhere right now, a young man is walking into a new job and letting out a disappointed sigh when he sees that there in fact are no hot women working there. Well, if his job is to create things, he's better off not spending his day imagining shoving his face into the cleavage of a voluptuous supervisor. Now this isn't what you might think -- we're not just saying that a guy trying to design a new company logo is going to have trouble concentrating if he's trying to do it in a room full of nude models having a pillow fight. This isn't about horny people being distracted by sexual urges; it's about the type of thinking your brain does when you're focusing on sex.
To put it simply, the way we think can be divided into two basic processes called local and global thinking. The former is largely analytical, with increased focus on the present moment. Global thinking, on the other hand, is your classic "ideas man" brain work, with heavy emphasis on the big picture and the ability to focus on your creative side.
"Melinda, walk those gorgeous tits out of here and don't come back till you're too fat to eye-fuck."
Science has found that thinking about sex is all about boosting your petty local thinking. So it actually does help for logical, analytical tasks, which we guess means that the blowjob hacking scene in Swordfish was 100 percent scientifically accurate. The brain apparently treats sex as a crude mechanical process intended only for the continued survival of the species and uses the calculating part of the brain when dealing with it. If that makes us all sound like cold robots, here's the flip side: Thinking about love and long-term relationships boosts creativity through the roof.
And it makes sense -- throughout history, love has served as the inspiration for great works of art, poetry, songs and many other bursts of creative behavior. And you don't actually have to be in love, either -- according to research, all you need to do is think about being in love to get you creative juices flowing. Yep, love and sex live in completely different parts of the brain. This might be why great love songs tend to be of higher creative quality than, say, your average porn video.
"This next song, 'You're My Lifeboat,' was called 'I'm as Wet as a Beach' until I bought that new shower head."
#1. You Are More Creative When You Don't Get Paid
When push comes to shove, the most important thing about any work is getting paid. It's not so much a case of "No money, no honey" as it is one of "No money, no paying my bills and now I'm broke and homeless and by God I am going to burn this office to the ground." That's why most companies not only make a point of paying their employees, but offer all sorts of little rewards and incentives to motivate workers.
It's just sheer math, right? Creativity takes an enormous amount of energy -- even the worst movie you've ever seen took somebody months to write. Getting those inspirational juices flowing can be insanely difficult even when there's a big fat bonus (or a small one) to look forward to, so who could keep themselves motivated when the reward is a big, steaming pile of jack shit?
Pretty much anyone, according to scientists.
"You know, except for us. Rewards make us sciencier."
Incentives and reward systems are essentially nothing more than an upscale version of Pavlov's dogs and labyrinth mice. But as shocking as it may seem, humans don't respond to the old stick-and-carrot routine quite as well as your average donkey, so the benefit reaped from rewards is short term at best ... and when it comes to creativity, all bets are off.
Because creativity stems from the will to create, you are at your most creative when you neither expect nor get any reward. Receiving rewards for creative work can even undermine the whole process, as evidenced by a study among 1960s art school students: The ones who weren't subjected to extrinsic motivation (i.e., rewards) during their school years were doing just fine in their professional art life two decades later, since their creativity stemmed from the inside and they were thus ready for the ups and downs in their career. The ones who were accustomed to constant rewards during their formative years were doing ... rather less well.
"Hey, you lookin' for some neo-expressionism? I can do neo-expressionism real good."
Another study, conducted by researchers at Harvard Business School, had professional painters and sculptors select samples of both their commissioned (ordered and paid) and non-commissioned (freely created for no reward) works and subject them to evaluation. Without fail, evaluators ranked the non-commissioned works above and beyond the commissioned ones. It was almost as if, hah, the artists were at their most creative when they were free to enjoy their creativity.
We're not saying that creative people shouldn't get paid, obviously. Just don't be surprised if the stuff you do in your spare time turns out better.
Elorm is from Ghana, West Africa, and he'd really love to be your friend on Facebook.
For more on why you should probably get a new job, check out The 5 Most Useless Motivational Tactics Every Workplace Uses and 6 Petty Things That Start Wars in Every Office.
If you're pressed for time and just looking for a quick fix, then check out 5 New Space Projects Even More Awesome Than the Mars Rover.


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A 3-D carbon nanotube mesh enables rat spinal tissue sections to reconnect in culture.
Ebola Vaccines Protect Monkeys
April 9, 2015|
Two new Ebola vaccine candidates prove safe and effective against the virus in macaques, a study shows.
April 9, 2015|
Two new Ebola vaccine candidates prove safe and effective against the virus in macaques, a study shows.
April 8, 2015|
Delivering antibodies to HIV-infected people can lower levels of the virus, a study shows.
April 7, 2015|
Biotech company Genervon has requested accelerated approval for its experimental ALS drug after a small but promising Phase 2 trial. Patients advocate for its acceptance, while researchers urge caution.
April 2, 2015|
Most forecasting methods used to predict the extent of the Ebola outbreak in West Africa overestimated the epidemic's reach, an updated analysis shows.
April 1, 2015|
Meet some of the people featured in the April 2015 issue of The Scientist.
April 1, 2015|
Treating cancer by shutting down the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway
April 1, 2015|
Expert tips for isolating and culturing cancer stem cells
April 1, 2015|
Charles Sawyers, who began his research career just as the genetic details of human oncogenes were emerging, codeveloped Gleevec, the quintessential targeted cancer therapy.
April 1, 2015|
Tumor-targeting T-cell therapies are generating remarkable remissions in hard-to-beat cancers—and attracting millions of dollars of investment along the way.
April 1, 2015|
Researchers face roadblocks to treating an individual patient's cancer as a unique disease.

subset: commoncrawl


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The 9 Most Offensive 9/11 References in Pop Culture
Sept. 11, 2001 scarred our national psyche. Even today, it provokes impassioned responses across the political spectrum. It's important to treat this sensitive subject with delicacy and restraint, and we promise to do so, just as soon as we get finished showing you all these people who most certainly did not.
#9. Towers Shrinking to Dodge Planes in European Ad
This is an ad for a French newsmagazine. The tagline is "Learn to anticipate."
The visual seems to suggest that the easiest way to prevent 9/11 would have been to construct the WTC towers shorter. We shouldn't have increased airport security, or paid more attention to our foreign intelligence, or maybe not trained and funded Osama bin Laden in the late 1970s; it all could have been avoided if we'd just quit at the 80th story.
What possible defense is there for this? "We, the French, were simply unaware that the planes were piloted by terrorists! We thought your planes just could not fly high enough to overcome your mighty buildings!"
"This is why we build plane-holes into our towers."
This ad is clearly implying that, had the buildings been shorter, the terrorists would have simply continued their flights unabated, like they stole the planes in the first place only to fulfill their long-held dreams of attending flight school. We don't want to make fun of all French people here, because this is just an isolated incident by a really stupid company, and also because we actually have a lot of respect for their military prowess and innovative whoremongering.
But this ad demonstrates a very shaky grasp of aeronautics, engineering, tact and even the loosest definition of sanity. Or maybe it's simply suggesting that we should have had the foresight to build magical squishy buildings -- ones that could comically shrink to duck under missiles. You know, looking back now, it's easy to come up with a solution like that, France. Everything seems clearer in hindsight. But the world was a much simpler place back then; we didn't know how bad we needed the squishiness. We just ... we didn't know.
If only we'd invested more money in Gak development.
#8. WWF Sets Off 9/11 Times 100
The WWF (the World Wildlife Fund, though we will never read that and not think of wrestling) likes to point out that the 2004 Asian tsunami killed 100 times as many people as 9/11 did. And apparently it likes to do so with all the tact and dignity of a professional wrestler whose entire gimmick was eating children. The WWF suggests that we should respect nature more, which we guess seems reasonable. But it concludes that, in this particular case, the best way to respect nature is by donating money to save panda bears from extinction -- despite the fact that nature has expressed in no uncertain terms that it wants pandas dead like yesterday.
And at no point does th WWF's panda-saving initiative connect the tsunami to 9/11, planes, cities or indeed, any single aspect of this ad. It's like somebody built a dartboard with all the major tragedies of the past couple centuries written on it, closed his eyes, threw the darts and then built a Photoshop image out of whatever terms he hit. We're just lucky we didn't end up with a poster of Princess Di's corpse starting the Great Chicago Fire while they canceled Arrested Development in the background.
"Ooh! Let's also have vampire-JFK nailing zombie-Di from behind. That'll save a shit-stack of pandas."
Obviously, the ad caused considerable controversy when it leaked. The WWF admitted it commissioned the ads, but insisted it would never have approved it to run, even though it was later discovered that the ad had actually been printed, once, in a small Sao Paulo paper so the advertising firm responsible for it could submit it to advertising competitions. That's right -- someone published this image not in a crass attempt to catch the eye of the average consumer ... but because he thought it was so damn good he wanted critical acclaim for it.
The only way they could have been more aggressively misguided is if they'd made a live action version and screened it at the most prestigious film festival in the world. Which they totally did, screening the following ad at the Cannes film festival.
"Sacre Bleu! There are not enough awards in existence, to give us all we should win for this!"
#7. The 10th Anniversary 9/11 Collector's Coin
If you don't immediately register a pop-up 9/11 collector's coin as tasteless and insulting, then you're probably only skimming this article in an Internet Explorer window crowded by tabs featuring Juice Tigers, chemtrail conspiracy forums and half a dozen TMZ stories. But somehow, it actually gets worse: The whole thing is also a massive scam. The coin makers even received an official censure from the U.S. mint after it came out, because they were charging $30 for about 25 cents worth of metal, and they donated absolutely none of their profits to relief or reconstruction efforts. The advertisements also claim that the coin is legal tender, endorsed by the government, which is true ... in Liberia.
And what is more American than Liberia?
#6. 9/11 Pig Roast Flier
A Saskatchewan politician wanted to hold a fundraising pig roast. But not just any pig roast! This would be a classy affair, one you'd be proud to take your morbidly obese mother to on her Formal Rascal.
We're just kidding. Canada doesn't allow fat people -- the Mounties have orders to harpoon on sight.
The man had everything planned out: the food, the entertainment -- he'd even arranged for an actual 9/11 firefighter to speak at the dinner. Now, after going to all this work, he understandably wanted to advertise the event. It also seemed appropriate to somehow mention the presence of the heroic firefighter and the tragedy he'd survived. While separately, these both seem like reasonable enough desires, the way he combined them wound up raising a few eyebrows:
Please notice two things: One, that this is the second annual 9/11 pig roast, and two, that the words "pig roast" are tactfully placed just above the flames that would eventually kill several heroic firefighters ... and policemen.
#5. Ground Zero in Pokemon Black and White
Pokemon Black and White introduces a new game environment, a bustling metropolis based on New York City. That's not just us saying that: "[D]irector Junichi Masuda revealed that Unova (Isshu) was modeled after New York City; the games' Castelia City takes the place of Lower Manhattan and the Sky Arrow Bridge serves as a stand in for the Brooklyn Bridge."
Neat, huh? Let's take a look at the map! So there's the Brooklyn Bridge, and there's Central Park, and there's Manhattan, and right below is ...
So, how does Pokemon choose to depict the sensitive, emotionally charged setting of Ground Zero, a literal scar on our greatest city, left by our nation's most profound contemporary tragedy?
This is still closer to a tasteful memorial than every Toby Keith song combined.
Obviously, they can't say the devastation was caused by terrorists. So they concocted a story about a falling meteor -- an object of unspeakable power that was quarantined by the government and is now being coveted by Team Plasma. Even weirder, another meteor dropped this Pokemon near the city.
Why do we bring him up? Take a look at his Wiki article. His official height is given as 9 feet 11 inches.
So, hey kids, gotta catch 'em all! Especially that new, super-rare Pokemon that is both the very embodiment of and directly responsible for 9/11.


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Chindi-licious: How To Make A HUGE Rug Out of 6 Smaller Ones
Have you noticed that I have a few tutorials from the Epic Room Makeover Giveaway that I have yet to post? Its true, and its a crying shame. (Lesbihonest, I am procrastinating that 3D tumbling wall because its going to be 78 posts long) So hopefully forgiveness will be freely doled out.
Oh and for those that are new, every year I host the most amazing giveaway blogland has to offer, I get to be the Room Makeover Fairy and go to one readers house for a week give them a FREE makeover. Sweet right? Its the best way I can say thanks to my amazing followers! Check out 2012 and 2011 for inspiration and to see the incredible transformations!
Way back when we were working on Kelsey's room the biggest obstacle that we were having design-wise was the rug. I couldn't find one that was right. They were either to boooooring, or too small, or too suckish. As a matter of fact we (Me, Kelsey, Jilly & Mia, and Hailee) spend a good 45 minutes sitting on the floor of the Peoria Homegoods trying to come up with a way to make a Chindi rug. (For those unfamiliar with the term Chindi it basically is a woven rug made out of different textiles. Also known in the great USofA as a rag rug.)
One early morning we found ourselves at World Market. (I had actually never been to World Market before and was in love with a handful of things). So we walk in and right to the side of the entrance they had this huge pile of the most colorful rugs I had ever seen. I actually think I made the sound of a singing choir of angels the second we walked in the door…which basically will guarantee that the employees love you from that moment forward.
The problem?
The rugs were much too small for what we needed, and they didn't come in larger sizes. So I pulled my inner DIY MacGyver up by the bootstraps and decided that we were going to make a rug. We bought 6 rugs @ $39.99 a piece and skipped our happy rear ends out of there with a plan.
*Update (They were 3×5 each and here is the link to World Market)
This is probably the simplest DIY ever.
You will need a long upholstery needle and twine craft thread. It looks like this:
Nice and thick.
Lay out your rugs out in the pattern that you want. Ours were 2 rows of 3 rugs, hamburger style. (Here is a visual if you don't have a 2nd grader to explain what hamburger style means…)
Then we stitched them together using the loops at the ends of the rug. We made sure to tuck the fringe underneath the parts that weren't supposed to be fringy.
And 6 too small rugs became 1 giant perfect colorful base to Kelsey's room. Its pretty much impossible to screw this up. This style of rug is SO forgiving when you are doing a project like this.
This rug screams "Hello world, I am happy today and I don't care who knows it." and don't we all want a rug that says that to us in the morning? I know I do.
Check out the rest of the Epic Room Makeover 2012 projects too, unless you HAVE to get back to work, then you can come back later…
Voting is still happening for the 2013 Homies, if you have ever been inspired by something on VR I would love it if you would click over and vote here. Its sort of like putting a gold star on my forehead and slapping my butt for a job well done. xo


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- Color
- Tokyo
Tokyo - Silver/Lavender
Modern, unique, sometimes unexpected color combinations of eyeshadow shades. Worn alone or together, all Duo Eyeshadow shades feature micro-fine powders that are highly pigmented, longwearing and crease resistant. Color glides on smoothly, evenly and blends effortlessly. The effects can be subtle or smoldering- the options are endless.
|Talc, Alumina, Silica, Zinc Stearate, Phenyl Trimethicone, Cetearyl Isononanoate, Ethylhexyl Palmitate, Stearoxy Dimethicone, Cetyl Acetate, Acetylated Lanolin Alcohol, Isopropyl Lanolate, BHA, Methylparaben, Propylparaben, Triclosan, May Contain (+/-):, Mica, Titanium Dioxide (CI 77891), Iron Oxides (CI 77491, CI 77492, CI 77499), Yellow 5 Aluminum Lake (CI 19140), Blue 1 Lake (CI 42090), Ultramarines (CI 77007), Chromium Hydroxide Green (CI 77289), Ferric Ammonium Ferrocyanide (CI 77510), Manganese Violet (CI 77742), Bismuth Oxychloride (CI 77163), Carmine (CI 75470), Aluminum Powder (CI 77000), Bronze Powder (CI 77400), Copper Powder (CI 77400)
Don't be intimidated by some of these pairings! Use the lighter shade as a base and the darker shade as a liner. Remember - there are no rules! - Madge Ogbe, National Makeup Stylist
REVIEW SNAPSHOT®by PowerReviews
Reviewed by 2 customers
nice shades
By starfire
from nj
describe yourself Natural Style
- Applies Smoothly
- Long Lasting
- Silky Texture
- Can't see the purple
Best Uses
- Natural Effect
Comments about NARS Duo Eyeshadow Compact, Tokyo, 1 ea:
I really like the colors but the purple shade is very subtle and i need to apply quite a bit to be able to see any color at all. it's good for a kind of a pale or cool natural look.
- Skin Tone:
- Fair
(4 of 4 customers found this review helpful)
These colors are ...
By Anonymous
from Los Angeles, CA
Comments about NARS Duo Eyeshadow Compact, Tokyo, 1 ea:
These colors are beautiful; I was a bit wary of wearing grey shadow on my gray-green eyes, but the lavender shade really brought them out. In fact, my sister has dark eyes and fair skin and my mom's are blue and she has golden skin, and they both tried these colors (with a deep charcoal liner) and were amazed at how bright their eyes looked, so these work with any eye or skin color.
(4 of 4 customers found this review helpful)


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Professional Development
UTC Continuing Education's Professional Development Program is committed to identifying community and corporate needs.
Continuing Education leads UTC's Professional Development Program, anticipating community and corporate training needs. Through responsive and creative scheduling, Continuing Education's Professional Development partners with community businesses, agencies and civil organizations in order to offer practical professional development opportunities to the Chattanooga region.
Continuing Education coordinates the joined resources of the University with the expertise of our community's professionals. Continuing Education is dedicated to ensuring that the learning needs of our community are reflected in personal and professional programs and seminars.
If you would like to teach a professional development course for UTC Continuing Education, please contact us by email or call us at 423-425-4344.


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Box Score | Game Notes
CHICAGO, Ill. (October 13, 2013) – Rookie forward Vincent Trocheck scored his first two professional goals in a 5:22 span in the third period to help the San Antonio Rampage (2-2-0-0) claim a 4-2 victory over the Chicago Wolves (2-2-0-0) on Sunday afternoon at Allstate Arena.
The win secured a weekend split against the Wolves and also marked the first AHL victory for Rampage netminder Michael Houser, who made his AHL debut on Sunday and turned aside 28-of-30 shots.
The Rampage, who entered the game leading the league with an average of 43 shots on goal through the club's first three games, were outshot by Chicago, 30-28, on the afternoon but still managed to collect their first road win of the year.
Two San Antonio defensemen tallied the first goals of the game for the Rampage. Alex Petrovic, who leads the league with 20 shots on goal, recorded his second goal of the season in the first period and Mike Mottau also tallied his first marker of the year with a buzzer beating shot with less than one second remaining in the second period.
Rampage forwards Jed Ortmeyer and Bobby Butler both recorded assists on the afternoon, their second points in as many nights. Former San Antonio netminder Matt Climie stopped 24 shots, but took the loss for Chicago, his sixth loss in nine appearances against his former club.
Petrovic opened the scoring with his second goal of the year at 13:26 of the first period to give the Rampage a 1-0 lead. The Rampage defenseman released a quick wrist shot from the top of the right circle that snuck through the pads of Climie. Ortmeyer and Joey Crabb collected assists on the goal.
Chicago had their best opportunity of the opening frame with under a minute remaining. Mark Mancari flew down the right wing and found Ty Rattie streaking to the net. Rattie was able to get his stick on the puck, but deflected it off the crossbar and out of play.
Chicago tied the game at 1-1 with a goal from David Shields at 10:27 of the second period. The goal was the first of Shields' AHL career.
Michael Caruso made a great defensive play with four minutes remaining in the second period to keep the game tied. Rattie sprang loose on a breakaway, but Caruso was able to keep pace and the Rampage defenseman dove and executed a perfectly timed poke check to negate the scoring opportunity.
The Rampage took a 2-1 lead with a buzzer beating goal from Mottau with less than one second remaining in the middle frame. The puck bounced around the slot before finding the stick of Mottau, who fired the puck into the vacant net just in the nick of time. Butler and Petrovic were credited with assists on the goal.
Rampage captain Greg Rallo fed Trocheck a nice pass to gain entry in the zone and the rookie proceeded to fire a wicked wrist shot from the high slot that beat Climie to his glove side for his first professional goal only 18 seconds into the third period.
Chicago answered only 46 seconds later to make it a 3-2 game thanks to a sharp angle shot from Mancari that snuck under the arm of Houser at 1:04 of the third period.
But Trocheck notched his second of the game to reopen a two-goal lead at 5:40 of the final frame off a nice backhand shot from the bottom of the left faceoff circle. Defenseman Colby Robak picked up an assist on the goal.
Chicago pulled Climie with just under two minutes remaining, but were unable to beat Houser and the Rampage held strong to claim the 4-2 victory in their final game of the season in the Windy City.
The Rampage finished the game 0-for-3 on the power play, while Chicago was 0-for-4 with the man advantage.
Trocheck and Houser were awarded the top two stars of the game, respectively. The pair of Rampage rookies are the last two winners of the Ontario Hockey League's MVP award. Petrovic was awarded "Third Star of the Game" honors with his multi-point night (one goal, one assist) and plus-3 rating.
The Silver and Black return to the AT&T Center on Friday, Oct. 18, for the first game in a home-and-home series with their instate rivals, the Texas Stars. The game will also mark the team's second-annual College Night and a KZEP / Bud Light Dollar Drink Night.
Individual and season tickets can be purchased at the AT&T Center Southeast Box Office, by calling a Rampage representative at 210-444-5554, or online at sarampage.com.


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John Brandon
email@example.com // (601) 862.1808
Adjunct Instructor, Marketing - School of Business
WELCOME TO Fall I, 2012 and to Marketing Principles. This course is a fast paced, exciting courses that deals with how both consumers and business, as well as organizations of any size locate potential customers and get them to notice you. In short, everyone markets something.
To succeed in the this course you will need to attend each session and show up on time for each session prepared to discuss the materials assigned. In addition, you will need to read the textbook, study the Power Point slides, participate in the in-class assignments, prepare the homework in order to do well on the tests.
I look forward to this term and hope to be well acquainted with you and your life goals as together we discover what marketing is all about.
John Brandon
Class Schedule
Fall 2012
MKT 381 - Marketing Principles
T and TR nights, 7:50 to 10:00 P.M., Self Hall, Room 305


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It strikes me that there is no widely accepted symbol to denote the set of usual prime numbers in $\mathbb{N}$.
$$\zeta(s)=\prod_{p\in \mathrm{?}}\frac{1}{(1-p^{-s})}$$
Wouldn't it be nicer to have a standard symbol to put in place of the "$\mathrm{?}$" instead of writing just $\Pi_p$ and specifying by words "where $p$ ranges in the set of prime numbers"?
Is there a reason for this lack of standard notation? Perhaps because primes do not form a sufficiently nice algebraic structure?
Have you seen expressive instances in the literature to define such a symbol?


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Why is there a size limitation on human/animal growth? Assuming the technology exists for man to grow to 200 feet high, it's pretty much a given that the stress on the skeletal structure and joints wouldn't be possible to support the mass or move...but WHY is this? if our current skeletal structures and joints can support our weight as is, wouldn't a much larger skeletal structure do the same assuming it's growing in proportion with the rest of the body? And why wouldn't a giant person be able to move like normal sized humans do? (I'm honestly thinking Ant Man, or even the non-biological sense of mechs/gundams/jaegers)...I'm just having a hard time grasping why if it were possible to grow to gigantic sizes or create giant robots, why it then wouldn't be possible for them to move.
The following fact lies at the heart of this and many similar issues with sizes of things: Not all physical quantities scale with the same power of linear size.
Some quantities, like mass, go as the cube of your scaling - double every dimension of an animal, and it will weigh eight times as much. Other quantities only go as the square of the scaling. Examples of this latter category include
at least to a first approximation. You could also come up with other quantities that scale differently with size.
As a result, simply scaling up an organism will undo the balance that has been achieved for that particular size. Its muscles will likely be too weak, its bones will likely break, and it will generate so much internal heat (if it is warm blooded) that the only equilibrium achievable given its comparatively small surface area would be at a high enough temperature to denature many proteins.
For a completely non-biological example, consider the fact that airplanes cannot be made arbitrarily large, and in fact different sizes of planes have very different shapes and engineering requirements. The surface area of the wings does not scale the same way as the total mass, and the stresses and pressures the material needs to withstand will not stay constant as you enlarge the plane.
You can grow arbitrarily large as long as you are essentially flat. For example, one fungus covers several thousand acres; there's a grove of clonal aspen trees that may have higher mass.
Scaling in three dimensions is much harder, though. The pressure on the bottom is proportional to the height--eventually that pressure is too great for tissue to withstand. (Likewise with many other considerations).
So you could have arbitrarily large essentially 1D or 2D animals (if they had mouths uniformly distributed all over the body). But apparently this isn't very competitive with 3D forms (e.g. it's very hard to hide from predators when you are a giant sheet), so there aren't any longer than a few dozen meters. (There's a 50+ meter long worm, for instance. It has only one mouth, however.)
The basic answer is that mass scales with the cube of linear dimension and strength of things like legs scales with the square of the linear dimension. Note that large animals have therefore evolved comparatively thicker legs than smaller ones. Linearly scale up a dog to elephant size, and its legs would snap. Even more extreme, think of scaling a ant to elephant size.
All this means that the maximum practical size of a moving animal is governed by the strength of the supporting material (bone in our case) relative to the gravity in the environment (1 g in our case). If animals evolved with a similar structural material on a planet with higher gravity, then we'd expect the largest ones to be smaller than here on earth.
The problem can be gotten around to some extent when the animal is floating in water. It's no accident that the largest moving-body animal is aquatic. Eventually other parameters that don't scale the same with linear dimension get in the way, even if supported all around by water.
The straight physics answer to this question - namely "Not all physical quantities scale with the same power of linear size." - is perfectly put by Chris White. This essentially answers your question about giant robots - there are no hard limits, but the scaling power issues simply mean that it gets harder and harder to build bigger and bigger. Modern engineering shows how different this question is when applied to animals. The limits are making themselves felt, but in very different ways for machines as opposed to animals. Take a look at this Krupp coal digging machine used to mine brown (i.e. very wet) coal in the Nordrhein-Westfalen land (the westernmost sticky-out bit of Germany on a map).
The machine is 95 metres high and 215 metres long, weighs forty-six thousand tons and "eats" seventy six thousand cubic metres of coal, stone and earth each day.
Okay, the building materials are very different in machines and animals, but animals have bones whose strength to weight ratio we've only very recently achieved with highly advanced composite materials. So I think it is pretty safe to say that living animals, as opposed to machines, don't even come near to the "physical" limits spoken of in Chris's answer as would apply if living animals had more plentiful resources.
What other limits apply in the case of animals? They are essentially biological, and so this question really needs to be posted as well on biology stack exchange. But they are worth stating here as example of some interesting dynamical system and game theoretic phenomenons - they are an abstract form of Johannes's answer - to wit nimbleness, both physical AND genetic. A good case study here is Amphicoelias Fragillimus, and like, giant sauropod dinosaurs as maybe the biggest creatures, either on land or sea, to ever walk the Earth:
"Designing" a Big Animal Machine: Amphicoelias Fragilimus
My drawing below shows the comparative sizes of some sauropod dinosaurs, a human and one of the human's toys, the A380 Airbus. The latter (mainly from being full of air)is only a little bigger than Amphicoelias Fragilimus (the big red-brown, 60m long creature in the background) but their weights are quite comparable (at least when the airbus is unladen). The way Amphicoelias copes with the problem of heat dissipation is spoken about in Rex Kerr's answer, for she is essentially a flat beast, being very narrow when looked at from head on. Maybe her specific name fragilimus refers to this if we take the meaning of slight - I actually don't know where the name comes from. Aside from this, there is of course nothing "fragile" about such a colossal wight.
Now let's look at what Amphicoelias had evolved for. Her food was the hard needle leaves and wood of the coniferous forests of her time - hers was an era before angiosperms: before fruits, flowers and grass. So she needed to be essentially a giant enzyme-catalysed cellulose digesting plant on legs. A humble modern chemical engineer would have no trouble whatsoever in designing and having built a plant of this modest size with fairly mundane (not advanced composite) building materials; the thirty or so tonnes of cellulose in Amphicoelias's maw at a time would be a smaller figure for processing in today's economies-of-scale-obsessed world. The mechanical design and technology needed to make such a plant mobile poses problems that our technology comfortably overcomes. In short, Amphicoelias shows no sign of being up against the physical limits that would limit a giant robot.
Shielding and Defense of The Young, Herd Behaviour and Resource Dearth
No predator of her time, or any before or after, was any threat whatsoever to a the colossal Amphicoelias (at least when healthy): this is one clear evolutionary advantage to being big, although with the sauropods the need for economies of scale in processing a low-grade food source like pine and cycad needles were likely the main drivers towards sheer size.
But the defense of her young was quite a different matter. Baleen whales and Elephants have the same problem today: whilst they themselves are big enough to easily fight any predator (Killer Whale and Lion, respectively) off, their sluggishness is no match for the smaller predator's nimbleness and so their babies are vulnerable. A thirty metre long, one hundred and fifty tonne blue whale has no hope defending her calf against a pod of five tonne killer whales who nimbly dart in, deftly dodging any threat the mother might pose with her tail and worry the hapless young to death unhindered. Their catch can be made in the time it takes the mother merely to turn around. Whales must overcome this problem mainly through their seldomhood - by making themselves scarce and steering clear of where killer whales dwell whenever they are bearing and rearing young. Elephants likewise: their enormous brain (three to four times as big as ours) helps here to work out where lions are and are not likely to be hiding.
For Amphicoelias the problem was even worse. A whale calf is born at several tonnes weight and thus can somewhat defend itself, but dinosaurs hatched from eggs, whose size was limited for reasons given here to about the same size as those of a modern ostrich. Amphicoelias and the sauropods therefore evolved two strategems to compensate for their sluggishness: weapon bluff and herd behavior.
It seems fairly clear from the muscularity, density and shape of a sauropod's tail that the tail was wielded as a fearsome weapon; its muscularity and tough skin show that it could be flicked like a whip, achieving near sonic speeds at its tip. Such a baleful thing hurtling through the air near sonic speeds and with tens or even hundreds of kilograms per metre linear density would clearly be utterly and devastatingly lethal to any living thing it was brought to bear against, and it could be swiftly deployed anywhere in a semicircular region of tens of metres radius near the animal's hinder body. So the weapon partly made up for the sauropod's sluggishness.
But, like most weapons, its worth was mainly as bluff. It is utterly pointless to use such a weapon if your own young are being attacked - and sauropods lacked the keenness of sight needed to deploy a whip with the accuracy needed to avoid hitting one's own young. So the weapon is pretty worthless for a lone creature - hence the next stratagem: herd behavior.
Like elephants today, sauropods were known to live in great herds. Their young could safely graze ringed by their whip bearing parents. But herd behavior and safety in numbers means a huge drain on resources, particularly as individuals get bigger. One Amphicoelias needed to strip one tree each day to live, so here then is the ultimate limit to their size: the sauropods got as big as they could and still have enough to live on. The paper Burness, Diamond and Flannery, "Dinosaurs, dragons, and dwarfs: The evolution of maximal body size" cited by Aufkag shows this: the biggest creatures live on the bountifulest lands.
Genetic Nimbleness
In a sauropod dinosaur's case, the lifespan was estimated at around 200 years and there was only so much room and food for such big animals, so, even though these creatures could lay eggs and beget young quickly, only few lived and the generation period was likely similar to the lifetime, say $10^2$ years. So we come back to the idea of evolutionary adaptation as the finding of ways to adapt to ecological shifts around you by seeking through the genetic configuration space for genotypes better fitted for the shifted conditions. And if you are reproducing slowly, you aren't seeking quickly. Therefore the bigger an animal becomes, the slower its life cycle, the likelier it is to be outdone by its ecological peers who search the genetic configuration space more nimbly, particularly when it lives in herds and is thus precariously dependent on a steady food supply.
If you imaging two species in the same ecological niche, then they should search the genetic configuration space at roughly the same speed, otherwise one will outcompete the other. There is some evidence for this idea in the relative gene combinatorics versus number of individuals in the case of producer prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotes evolve by swapping "plasmids" - single genes rolled into a ring that float in the cell's cytoplasm to maybe later insert themselves into the main DNA sequence - one at a time, whereas eukaryotes can reproduce sexually, producing a wholesale genetic mix with each coupling. So producer eukaryotes can test a much bigger range of genotype with each generation and thus do not "fall behind" the much more numerous producer prokaryotes: the two rivals are thus likely searching the genetic configuration space at roughly the same rate.
This is the report that is referred to: "Dinosaurs, dragons, and dwarfs: The evolution of maximal body size". (You may click on "Full Text (PDF)" on the right of the linked page for the complete paper.)
I'm reading some excellent answers here. One aspect has not received any attention though: survival by agility. Mice are agile, elephants less so. Size definitely plays a role here.
Considering animals utilizing legged locomotion in an environment with gravitational acceleration $g$. The leg height $h$ in combination with the gravitational acceleration defines an 'agility timescale':
$$t_\text{agile} = \sqrt{\frac{h}{g}}.$$
This 'agility timescale' characterizes the time required to turn around or change course. For a human (leg height $h \approx 1~\text{m}$) on earth ($g \approx 10~\text{m/s}^2$), $t_\text{agile} \approx 0.3~\text{s}$. This indeed is a characteristic time for us to turn around.
It probably is no coincidence that evolution has resulted in leopards hunting prey their own size or even larger. Despite the strength that comes with it, size can be a liability. A too large predator, despite its potentially high speed, would fail to catch smaller and more agile prey. And, even worse, it would fall itself prey to groups of smaller and more agile predators.
A human heart can only pump so fast. At a certain height, the size of the heart will be disproportionate to the size necessary to pump blood throughout the body. If we assume that the heart isn't a problem, bone density is and muscular structure is. You could also think about all the health concerns that relate to obesity and apply them as the relate to overall size. As a giant robot not being able to move, that would just be a problem of torque as it relates to the size a robot's feet must be to ensure its balance. If it were possible to create super lightweight robots, then that wouldn't be a problem. In humans however, cartilage in joints still wears down no matter how much of it there is. A very large human would have terrible joint problems and would destroy most of his joints very early on in his life.
As @ChrisWhite , @Olin etc. have already said, the main issue is that body mass and bone strength (etc.) have different scaling behaviours with respect to the linear dimension of the animal. Mass, being related to volume, grows faster (assuming a "normal shaped" creature) and hence at some point the limbs can't support the animal... especially not if it is expected to be dynamic.
There are also pressure issues with mollusc scaling but as long as they remain underwater these aren't important: the classic example of this being violated by movie physics was in It Came From Beneath The Sea where Ray Harryhausen's giant squid destroys the Golden Gate Bridge. There is a lovely decimation of the physics (and biology) of thie at http://fathom.lib.uchicago.edu/2/21701757/ , concluding that after the creature raises its tentacles high out of the water:
The classic work pointing out these scaling arguments is J. B. S. Haldane's "On Being the Right Size" (http://irl.cs.ucla.edu/papers/right-size.html) whose mos memorable line is:
Finally, for an entertaining derivation of the absolute scale (rather than the relative scalings of body dimensions), see the paper "The Height of a Giraffe" (http://arxiv.org/abs/0708.0573), summarised in the abstract as:
protected by Qmechanic♦ Aug 5 '13 at 14:01
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Mabberley's Plant Book: A Portable Dictionary of Plants, Their Classification and Uses, 3rd ed. by David J. Mabberley, 2008. Essential reference text for anyone studying, growing, or writing about plants. Over 24,000 entries on every family and genus of seed-bearing plant, as well as ferns and clubmosses. Includes taxonomic details and uses, English and vernacular names. Hardcover, 1021 pages. B561
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CHARLOTTE, N.C. – A stellar pitching performance from Katie Watkins and Chelsea Lisikatos accompanied by solid offense allowed the Charlotte softball team to sweep La Salle in an Atlantic 10 doubleheader on Saturday.
The Niners (24-26, overall, 9-9 A10) capped off the regular season in grand fashion. Charlotte won game one 8-4 where Watkins set a new Charlotte game-high record with 18 strikeouts. In game two, the Niners recorded their fifth shutout of the season with a 7-0 victory. As a team the 49ers finished with 23 hits in the doubleheader.
The Explorers fell to 16-31 overall and 3-19 in the Atlantic 10.
Game one went down to the wire as Charlotte and La Salle entered the seventh inning tied 4-4. With bases loaded and one out, Chelsea Ingersoll belted a grand slam to lift the Niners to an 8-4 advantage. Ingersoll leads the team in homers with ten.
The Explorers were unable to mount a comeback after the 49ers' big inning in the top of the seventh. However, La Salle sliced Charlotte's 4-0 lead in the fifth and sixth innings with a pair of home runs. After trailing 4-1, Genevieve Gaynor hit a two-run homer in the fifth and Megan Hodgson belted a solo homer in the sixth to tie the game.
In the fourth inning Samantha Slade got things going with her second double of the game down the left field line. Freshman Jessica Plemmons hit her third career homerun, a two-run shot over the right field wall to extend the Niners' lead.
Charlotte scored early and took a 2-0 lead in the first inning. With two outs, Briana Gwaltney and Ingersoll reached on errors which setup Slade for a double to drive in Gwaltney and Ingersoll. The Explorers answered in the bottom of the first with a solo home run from Kendra Heyer.
Slade finished with a game-high three hits, four RBIs, and two runs. Chelsea Stamey and Plemmons each finished with two hits.
Watkins' amazing performance in the circle included just four La Salle hits. Watkins recorded her 14th win of the season.
In game two, Plemmons' bat put Charlotte on the board with a two-run homer run in the second inning. Charlotte scored five runs in the third inning off hits from Natalie Capone, Slade, Plemmons, Kalie Lang, and Stamey to take a 7-0 advantage over La Salle.
The Explorers were unable to get on the board due to Lisikatos' presence in the circle. Lisikatos picked up her eighth win of the season and held La Salle to five hits. She finished with a game-high seven strikeouts and recorded her second shutout of the season.
Plemmons was 3-for-4, including a homer and double. She also recorded a game-leading four RBIs. Capone finished with two hits to record her 20th multiple-hit game of the season. Slade and Lisikatos each tallied two hits.
Charlotte's regular season included many highlights which included an offense that ranked 14th in the nation in the beginning of the season, it's 12th 20-win season in program history, and Gwaltney setting a new career record in RBIs with 141.
The Niners who finished eighth in the Atlantic 10, will join Conference USA for the 2014 season.


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Seated left to right: Hon. Marla J. Luckert, Hon. Lawton R. Nuss, Chief Justice; Hon. Carol A. Beier. Standing left to right: Hon. Dan Biles, Hon. Eric S. Rosen, Hon. Lee A. Johnson, and Hon. Nancy Moritz.
TOPEKA, Kan. (AP) - The Kansas Supreme Court has upheld a state law imposing a $250,000 cap on damages that can be awarded for pain and suffering in personal injury lawsuits.
The court ruled Friday against Eudora resident Amy Miller, who challenged the 1988 law imposing the cap on non-economic damages. Miller sued her doctor for removing the wrong ovary from her during surgery in 2002.
Business and medical groups had urged the court to uphold the law, saying it keeps insurance premiums affordable. Miller's attorneys had argued that the cap violated the Kansas Constitution's guarantees of a right to trial by jury.
The court said setting limits is a policy issue for the Legislature to settle.
A Douglas County jury awarded Miller nearly $760,000 in damages in 2006, but the award was reduced.
Kansas House Speaker Mike O'Neal says he's pleased by the ruling.
The Hutchinson Republican said Friday, "I appreciate the court's affirmation of the long standing precedent of upholding the right of the legislature to fashion reasonable limitations on personal injury awards."
The law imposing the cap was enacted in 1988. O'Neal is an attorney who helped draft the law.
O'Neal is not seeking re-election to the House this year and will become the president and CEO of the Kansas Chamber of Commerce after his term expires in January. The chamber had urged the court to uphold the cap.
O'Neal said lawmakers enacted the cap because doctors were seeing the costs of medical malpractice insurance increasing and some of them were giving up their Kansas practices.


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Reviewed by: Neha Vapiwala, MD
The Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania
Ultima Vez Modificado: 10 de diciembre del 2004
Authors: D'Amico, A. et al.
Affiliations: Dept. of Rad Onc, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
Source: JAMA , August 18, 2004, Vol 292, No. 7
In addition to overall survival, disease-specific survival is a very useful endpoint in cancer epidemiology. The latter can be particularly instructive in older patient groups that generally have a high incidence of comorbidities and intercurrent deaths. While overall survival can reflect the impact of all competing causes of mortality, disease-specific survival can better reflect the efficacy of a given intervention in preventing a cancer-related death. In prostate cancer , it is well recognized that the proportion of deaths attributable to this diagnosis rises with the stage, PSA level, and Gleason score. As a result, these intermediate and high-risk subsets of patients continue to be the subjects of ongoing research for better treatment outcomes, including the study discussed here.
The current standard of care in the treatment of high-grade clinically localized prostate cancer is external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) to a dose of about 70 Gray (Gy). Pollack et al . have used higher radiation doses to achieve improved biochemical-disease-free survival rates, with PSA progression serving as a surrogate for disease progression. However, a relatively higher PSA level post-treatment does not reliably predict for death from prostate cancer in most cases, ie: it is not a consistent or linear relationship. To date, the survival data from the study of dose escalation in prostate cancer are not published, and so the standard dose remains 70 Gy. In contrast, an overall survival benefit has been shown with the addition of androgen suppression therapy (AST) for 3 years duration to 70 Gy EBRT (Bolla et al ).
However, the well-described adverse effects of long-term AST prompted this study by D'Amico et al . The goal was to evaluate whether the use of AST for six months duration with EBRT provides a survival benefit over EBRT alone. In other words, does decreasing the duration of AST from 36 months to 6 months eliminate the previously documented survival benefit?
Prospective, unblinded, randomized study of 206 patients enrolled between 1/1/95 and 4/15/01 from Harvard Outreach hospitals and medical centers
The results of this study suggest that the addition of 6 months of AST to 70 Gy 3-D conformal radiation therapy provides an overall survival benefit in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. The benefit appears to be of the same magnitude as that provided by 3 years of AST as used in the Bolla trial. The authors point out several important issues that still remain, including whether a larger dose than 70 Gy, or alternatively larger-sized pelvic treatment fields, might have resulted in an even bigger survival benefit. Also, is total androgen suppression always necessary, or would partial blockade suffice still provide the survival advantage?
It is important to note in evaluating this study that there is no AST-only control arm. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, this study can not make any definitive conclusions about 6 months vs. 36 months of AST without actually testing them directly in a randomized study. However, the promising results of this trial certainly have significant clinical implications and suggest the need for further study in this area.


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Spalinger — A daughter, Abigail Elizabeth, to Michael and Suzanne (German) Spalinger of Torrington, Feb. 25, at Charlotte Hungerford Hospital, Torrington. Grandparents are Bob and Terry German of Cape May, N.J. and Richard and Jeanette Spalinger of Lee, Mass. Great-grandparents are Eleanor and Chester Snow of Otis, Mass.
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next year i will be teaching a GIS course since this is not a compulsory course i have to make the students register. I thought of producing an e-mail brochur with a few lines of text and a clip showing what is GIS and how cool it can be.
does anyone have an idea to such clip?
thanks in advance yair


text:
Using CEDebugX with Windows Embedded CE 6.0 SP1
- Posted: Aug 02, 2007 at 1:55PM
- 9,132 views
Right click "Save as…"
Building an embedded operating system image is only part of the process for releasing a final product - Testing and diagnosis tools should also be an integral part of the release process - an operating system image may appear to be running just fine, but
how do you really know that there aren't any issues lurking unseen within the operating system image - it's possible that your processes could corrupt heaps, orphan CriticalSections and do other nasty things, but how do you find out this has
happened ?
This video shows the use of CEDebugX, a new (and extremely cool tool) that ships with the Windows Embedded CE 6.0 SP1 update.
Note that in the video I'm creating a KDump file, if you are running a debug image (or have the kernel debugger in your release image) you can run CEDebugX directly from the Windows CE Command Prompt against the operating system image without needing to create a kdump file.
- Mike
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Coaching Staff
Charlotte women's basketball will face at least eight postseason teams...
Courtesy: Charlotte Sports Information
View Photo
Loaded non-conference slate preps 49ers for C-USA
By: Charlotte Sports Information
Release: 06/28/2013
VIDEO: Consuegra on sked
The Charlotte women's basketball program will seek to play in its 12th-straight postseason in 2013-14 with a stacked non-conference schedule, as announced Friday by head coach
Cara Consuegra
. Eight guaranteed postseason games with potential for another, including three NCAA Tournament teams from a year ago, highlight the slate.
"We're really excited," Consuegra said. "Once again, I think we've done a really good job of creating a schedule that is extremely competitive and will prepare us for our 12th-straight postseason run. There are three NCAA Tournament teams, including two to be played at home inside Halton Arena. It's extremely competitive and will definitely prepare us for what lies ahead in Conference USA."
Six of the 13 contests, which feature zero first-time opponents, on the docket will be played inside Halton Arena, where the 49ers posted a 14-4 record last year. The 14 victories set a single-season program record and included a pair of triumphs on the path to the WNIT Sweet 16. In Consuegra's two years in charge of the program, the Niners are 24-8 when playing on their home floor.
Charlotte will open the campaign by playing host to Liberty Friday, November 8. It marks the fourth-straight season in which the 49ers begin the year at home, the longest streak in school history. The Flames finished 2012-13 with a 27-7 record, a Big South championship and NCAA Tournament berth. The two programs have met just once previously, when Charlotte picked up a WNIT First Round triumph in 2011.
The Niners then hit the road for three-straight contests, all against WNIT foes from last season. The stretch begins Nov. 10 in Manhattan, Kan., against Kansas State of the Big 12. The Wildcats reached the WNIT Semifinals last year and narrowly escaped with a 67-63 win against Charlotte inside Halton Arena in the first meeting in the series.
Three days later, Nov. 13, the 49ers are back on the road at Big 10 opponent Minnesota, marking the third overall matchup with the Golden Gophers. Minnesota won 13 of its 18 victories at home a season ago before participating in the WNIT.
Concluding the road swing will be a Nov. 20 tilt against FGCU in Ft. Myers, Fla. The two teams met for the first time this past season with the Niners earning a 79-60 home triumph. Graduated senior
Jennifer Hailey
, the Atlantic 10 Player of the Year, reached the 1,000-point milestone against the Eagles.
Charlotte returns home for two more games before the Thanksgiving holiday. The 49ers will play host to UCF Nov. 23 and then local foe Winthrop Nov. 26. Charlotte topped the Golden Knights 62-59 in a hard-fought battle last year. UCF reached the Conference USA Tournament final but will be leaving the league for the newly-formed American Athletic Conference in 2013-14.
The 49ers have not played Winthrop since 2007-08 despite the proximity. That contest extended Charlotte's win streak against the Eagles to 15. Winthrop also played in the WNIT in 2012-13 with a 21-12 ledger, and as a whole, the program set 36 new school individual or team records and milestones along the way.
Despite the holiday, the 49ers will not have much of a break as they return to the road for the Lady Rebel Round-Up in Las Vegas, Nov. 30 and Dec. 1. It marks Charlotte's first trip to Las Vegas since the 2000-01 campaign.
In the tournament, the Niners open with a former Conference USA rival, Cincinnati Nov. 30, whom they have not faced since the 2005 C-USA Tournament. The Bearcats will be joining UCF in the American Athletic after a split from the old Big East. Cincinnati won three of its last four regular-season games in the Big East under fourth-year head coach Jamelle Elliott, a former Connecticut player and assistant coach.
The second game of the tournament will pit Charlotte against either host UNLV or former Atlantic 10 foe Fordham. The 49ers and Runnin' Rebels have met once previously, when the Niners competed in the championship of what was then called the UNLV Rebel Shootout.
The Niners and Rams opened the Atlantic 10 slate last year during a national TV broadcast on CBS Sports Network. Fordham concluded the season by reaching the A-10 Tournament title and advancing to the WNIT.
Charlotte returns to Halton Arena and will play host to South Carolina Dec. 8 in the first SEC home game since the Gamecocks came to town Nov. 16, 2009. USC finished 2012-13 with a 25-8 record, reaching the NCAA Tournament Second Round and earning a national ranking of No. 17/14 to conclude the campaign.
A second-straight game against an NCAA Tournament opponent is next, as the 49ers return to the Sunshine State for a Dec. 17 battle with Stetson in DeLand, Fla. The two teams met last year with the Niners garnering an 81-73 triumph inside Halton Arena. It will also mark the return to Stetson for newly-hired Charlotte assistant coach Nicole Woods, who was on the Hatters' staff the last two seasons.
The final away contest of the slate will be against cross-county foe Davidson Dec. 21. The Niners swept the two meetings a year ago, including a WNIT Second Round battle. The Wildcats were the Southern Conference runner-up but will enter this year without the services of two-time league player of the year Sophia Aleksandravicius, who graduated in May.
Another SoCon matchup is next, as the 49ers play host to Furman Dec. 29. Charlotte holds a slight, 6-5, edge in the all-time series after picking up an 89-53 win in the last meeting during the 2011-12 season. The Paladins, who feature the SoCon Freshman of the Year in Holli Wilkins, recently completed their third year under head coach Jackie Carson who led them to a seventh-place league finish.
The non-conference docket concludes as the calendar flips to 2014 with the Niners facing UNC Wilmington at home, Jan. 3. It marks the fourth-straight season in which the two teams will meet and Charlotte picked up a 63-58 road victory last year, highlighted by a career-high 21 points from All-Atlantic 10 Third Team selection
Ny Hammonds
The Niners will feature eight letterwinners returning, including two starters, from the second-most successful campaign in program history. Charlotte posted a 26-6 mark and reached the WNIT Sweet 16 for the second time in the last three years. Joining Hammonds as a returning starter will be junior
Hillary Sigmon
, a 2011 All-Atlantic 10 Rookie Team honoree.
The Conference USA portion of the schedule will be announced at a later date, as will times for all contests. Ticket information can be obtained by calling the 49ers ticket office at (704) 687-4949. Stay tuned to Charlotte49ers.com for further summer updates on the Charlotte women's basketball program.
2013-14 Charlotte women's basketball non-conference schedule
Nov. 2 — Johnson C. Smith (exh.)
Nov. 8 — Liberty
Nov. 10 — at Kansas State
Nov. 13 — at Minnesota
Nov. 20 — at FGCU
Nov. 23 — UCF
Nov. 26 — Winthrop
Nov. 30 — vs. Cincinnati^
Dec. 1 — at UNLV/vs. Fordham^
Dec. 8 — South Carolina
Dec. 17 — at Stetson
Dec. 21 — at Davidson
Dec. 29 — Furman
Jan. 3 — UNC Wilmington
^ — Lady Rebel Round-Up (Las Vegas, Nev.)
Home games in
played inside Halton Arena
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Effective Use of Style Sheets
Cascading style sheets (CSS) are an elegantly designed extension to the Web and one of the greatest hopes for recapturing the Web's ideal of separation of presentation and content. The Web is the ultimate cross-platform system, and your content will be presented on such a huge variety of devices that pages should specify the meaning of the information and leave presentation details to a merger (or "cascade") of site-specified style sheets and the user's preferences. If the introduction of WebTV broke your pages, you will appreciate the ability to introduce new page designs by creating a single style sheet file rather than by modifying thousands of content pages.
Centralized Style
Use a single style sheet for all of the pages on your site (or possibly a few coordinated ones if you have pages with very different needs: for example technical documentation versus marketing pages). One of the main benefits of style sheets is to ensure visual continuity as the user navigates your site. Legacy publications have long known the value of basing print products on a single typeface: no matter where you turn in a magazine or a newspaper, the text and basic layout will look the same. Websites will gain the same brand cohesiveness if all the pages on a site link to the same style sheet.
Always use linked style sheets rather than embedded styles. Only by referencing an external file will you get the maintenance benefits of being able to update the look of your entire site with a single change. Also, by pulling style definitions out of your pages, you make them smaller and faster to download. If you use a single style sheet for your entire site, that file will be a single download once and for all.
For each site, all the style sheets should be designed by a single, central design group. Two reasons: First, centralized design is the only way to ensure a consistent style and reap one of the main benefits of style sheets. Second, the majority of Web content creators are not capable of designing and writing good style sheets. Experience with word processors that support style sheets indicates that most authors mangle their style sheets terribly. Understanding the effect of style is relatively easy in traditional desktop publishing because it is a WYSIWYG environment with a single, canonical output form. The Web is not WYSIWYG because of the variability in supported platforms. Furthermore, Web stylesheets are cascading, meaning that the site's style sheet is merged with the user's style sheet to create the ultimate presentation. These differences make it important that Web style sheets are designed by a specialist who understands the many ways in which the result may look different than what is on his or her own screen.
Fund an active evangelism program to teach your content creators how to use the centrally defined style sheet. Do not assume that people understand the concept of style and how to apply it, simply because they know a word processor with style sheets. Research shows that most users make horrible mistakes in using word processing style sheets: partly because the main word processors have particularly bad style sheet usability and partly because style is hard. Your style sheet should come with a small manual that explains the different styles and when and how to use them. Include plenty of examples, including both raw HTML code (cutting-and-pasting examples is the main way people use documentation) and screenshots of the appearance of correctly coded pages in several mainstream browsers on several different platforms. The screenshots should be made into clickable imagemaps, allowing users to click on an effect they want to achieve and get to the documentation for the appropriate styles. In particular, if multiple styles have similar appearance, many errors can be avoided by explaining the differences and when to use which style.
Despite my preference for linked style sheets and central design, individual page authors should be allowed to create additional embedded styles for their own pages when necessary. Authors should be encouraged to only do so when absolutely necessary, but there will always be cases where a certain style is needed that is not supplied in the central style sheet. If many pages need the same effect, it should be added to the site's global style sheet, but it would be bad to inflate the one linked style sheet with styles that are only needed once. Single-page styles should be embedded rather than linked: the page should continue to link in the global style sheet and then override it with local, embedded styles as necessary. Doing so has the benefit of allowing future changes to the central style sheet to propagate to the modified page to the greatest extent possible.
Implementation Advice
- Pages must continue to work when style sheets are disabled: for example, do not use tricks where the same words are repeated multiple times with small offsets to create shadow effects (without the intended style, the text turns into gibberish). Retaining a decent presentation without the style sheet is mandatory to support users with older browsers, blind users, and users who need to disable the style feature in their browser (either because of bugs or because your style conflicts too much with their preferences). Luckily, it is very easy to check conformance with this rule: simply disable style sheets in your browser and reload the page.
Do not use more than two fonts (plus possibly a third for special text like
computer code). Remember the lesson from the early days of desktop publishing: using a lot of fonts simply because you can will result in a ransom-note look. Typically, you can use one typeface for body text and another, bolder, face for headings. Note that it is fine (indeed, recommended) to use a long list of alternate fonts in the style sheet specification for a given class of text: the user's browser will pick the first available font in the list and use it throughout your pages, meaning that the user will see a single font, making the site feel typographically unified. It is important that lists of font names have the fonts listed in the same order, since the browser picks the first one it has available.
- Do not use absolute font sizes; instead specify all text relative to the base font size defined by the user's preference setting. For example, large text could be defined as "200%", meaning that it would be set as 24 point if the user preferred 12 point for body text and 20 point if the user preferred 10 point for body text. Whether people prefer large or small fonts depends on a variety of questions, including the size and resolution of their monitors and the user's eyesight. It is somewhat annoying to visit a website where the text is too small for comfortable reading under my circumstances, but it is very annoying to click on the "make text bigger" button and have nothing happen because the font sizes were defined as an absolute number of points.
Do not use the
!importantattribute to override the user's settings. It is hard to imagine cases where you are justified in ignoring the user's preferences if the user felt strongly enough to use his or her own
!importantrating, so
!importantshould be reserved for user style sheets.
- If you have multiple style sheets, then make sure to use the same CLASS names for the same concept in all of the style sheets. Content creators using two or more style sheets will be confused if different CLASSes are used for the same thing or if one style sheet has a CLASS that is missing in the other style sheet even though the concept applied in both cases. If, for example, you have a CLASS for the name of the author of a document, then all of your style sheets should have this CLASS, even though it may be defined to render differently, as appropriate for the different kinds of documents.
Even though the CSS logo button is nice, I recommend that you restrain yourself and do not plaster it all over your site. In particular, do not put it on the home page. Users do not care how you implement your site (except if they follow a link to "about this site" - it would be great to put a CSS button on the "About" page). A firm rule for home page design is more is less : the more buttons and options you put on the home page, the less users are capable of quickly finding the information they need. (Because of this rule I am puzzled by the many home pages that feature download buttons for various browser vendors: why anybody would reduce the usability of their own site in order to give another company free advertising is beyond me.)
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I've worked using maya for animation and more film orientated projects however I am also focusing on my studies on video game development (eventually want to be either programmer or some sort of TD with programming and 3D skills). Anyways, I was talking with one of my professor and we couldn't figure out why all game engines (that I know of) convert to triangles. Anyone happen to know why game engines convert to triangles compared to leaving the models as four sided polygons? Also what are the pros and cons (if any) of doing this?
The bottom line is Triangle Rasterization, which is how computers render objects to the screen. Though others say it more elquently than I:
Emphasis mine. Source: http://www.devmaster.net/articles/software-rendering/part3.php
Triangles have many properties that make them easier, and therefore faster, to draw.
Four points or more may not be on the same plane, but three points always are (ignoring degenerate cases). This has the interesting property that scalar values vary linearly over the surface of the triangle. Even when the triangle is projected on the screen, scalar values still vary linearly respect to x'/z and y'/z.
This, in turn, means most if not all of what's needed to shade, texture map, and depth filter a triangle can be calculated using linear interpolation which can be done extremely fast in specialized hardware.
tl;dr: triangles are the simplest primitive, so algorithms dealing with triangles can be heavily optimized.
Three points (a triangle) ALWAYS define a flat plane. In other words, given any three points, you can always create a flat plane that can cut through all three points. However the same is not always true of four points. You can have four points all on a plane, but you can also have four points that aren't on a plane.
It's not "game engines" that do this - all the 3D software you use does this. It just doesn't tell you about it, and your professor seems fairly under-qualified if he doesn't know this. They exist in the computer's memory even if the software is hiding them from you. All 3D programs have an option that will make the triangles visible. They will also have an option that splits them into editable edges, so you can play with them. But they were always there to begin with and it's naive of your proffessor to be teaching this subject and still wondering "what triangles are for".
A triangle is the only way to arrange verts and guarantee a flat surface. When you have a quad, you can arrange the verts in a way that it must bend. But it's already made of triangles and it's those triangles that allow the bend.
There's only one way to triangulate a triangle vs. 'n - 2' ways for an n sided polygon. So, triangles are ultimately the least ambiguous way to define a polyhedral shape. Also, as other posters have indicated, there are lots of ways to accelerate triangle (rather than quad or higher) rasterization (constant z is one of my favourites). Also, it's easier to optimize ray-triangle intersection tests than it is for ray-arbitrary polygon intersection tests. In fact, many operations on n-sided polygons benefit from having a triangulated representation to hand. That isn't to say that n-sided polygon representations are 'bad' - they are very useful but ultimately, you're going to want to work with triangles for many mesh operations.
As long as the triangle is defined by three non-colinear vertices (read: none of the angles are exactly Pi), then the vertices define a unique plane.
A quad is, of course defined by four vertices. It's perfectly possible for those vertices to be non-coplanar. In that case, your quad would really be two triangles divided by a diagonal on the quad. That's two planes, two sets of surface normals, etc.
Every available modeling tool, every algorithm for texturing, lighting, etc all assume that a model is made of plane segments, and every formula we have (cross products for normal calculation is the first one we have) use the absolute minimum input dataset - three vertices define a plane, and the plane is what we need to do all of the fancy stuff.
You could certainly write an engine to work with quads, but you'd find yourself ignoring the forth vertex in just about every case, except for when you (frequently) would need to make sure it's coplanar with the other three that define the quad. And, the most logical solution to the case where it is not coplanar would be to split the quad into two triangles. So, why not just do that to start with?
What on earth would be the point of working with quads?
If you want a quad, put two triangles together.
If we assume that getting 4 points to be co-planar is not a problem (it is, as the others have pointed out, but bear with me) then you find that rendering an arbitrary trapezium (which is what a quadrilateral will usually look like when transformed into screen space) is not particularly different from rendering a triangle - in fact, it pretty much works out the same once you perform clipping as that can introduce extra vertices. (At least in a software model - hardware may well have a simpler brute force way of doing the clipping.)
The remaining issue therefore is one of representational efficiency. - you can easily represent a quad with 2 triangles, and without any extra vertices if you use a triangle strip (3 verts for the 1st triangle, then an extra vert for the 2nd triangle). On the other hand, if you try and represent a triangle with a quad, you need to use 4 vertices and have a degenerate one that is identical to another. This is not ideal in terms of efficiency.
A triangle is the simplest primitive that can be described in isolation because it has three points, fewer than which do not describe a surface in 3D.
Because a triangle can be considered in isolation, it is possible to make a piece of code or silicon that is capable of rendering only a single triangle, which via the power of repetition can render any surface at all.
Therefore, the first computer system which succeeded at rendering "any surface at all" naturally did so by rendering many triangles independently.
If one thinks of triangles and quads as "primitives" (i.e. as completely isolated bits of geometry with no context) the triangle is the more primitive, and so it will tend to "win."
However, once entertainment-grade computers exceeded a certain level of sophistication in the 1980s, the simplicity of considering "primitives" in isolation became less important. If graphics are to be mass-produced, then economies of scale favor processing groups of related vertices, much as they favor assembling a hundred near-identical cars at once.
This is why in the 1980s, movies adopted the "quad," which is a misnomer because it refers to a 2D grid of vertices in 3D space, and not an isolated quadrilateral.
The same shift from triangles to "quads" has not happened yet in the realm of interactive entertainment, but it is likely to happen, fairly soon, and for the same reasons it happened in the movie business.


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1951-87 Chevy-GMC, 1/2 Ton Truck Disc Brake Conversion Rotor, Rear, 5 or 6 Lug
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Donald Bartley, a key witness for the prosecution in the double-murder retrial of Roger Epperson refused to testify when called to the stand.
Bartley testified against Epperson in the original trial in 1987, saying he was the lookout man the night Ed and Bessie Morris were shot execution-style back in 1985.
Bartley said a reduced-sentence plea agreement reached with Commonwealth's Attorneys at the time never materialized after his testimony, and cited that as his motivation for dragging his feet.
Bartley repeatedly replied to each question asked of him by the prosecution and defense with "I don't really remember," or "It's been a long time, I'm not really sure."
Prosecutors got around Bartley's noncompliance by reading him a question-by-question transcript of his previous testimony, and having him confirm that he had indeed said each statement.
Commonwealth's Attorney Gary Gregory told NewsCenter 13 he didn't think Bartley's belligerence would play a major role in the trial either way.
The prosecution's key witness Sherry Hodge Hamilton will take the stand first thing on Wednesday morning, then the defense is expected to begin their case by mid-morning.
The jury could have the case in their hands as early as Wednesday afternoon.


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This kid-friendly cookbook features Isabella and Olivia Gerasole, the adorable hosts of the cooking-for-kids website, Spatulatta. With recipes ranging from basic toast to various ethnic dishes, this easy-to-follow book is arranged by season and includes special sections devoted to snacks, vegetarian cooking, and basic cooking skills.
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Let's say I have a sprite, drawn like this:
spriteBatch.Draw(levelCannons[i].texture, levelCannons[i].position, null, alpha, levelCannons[i].rotation, Vector2.Zero, scale, SpriteEffects.None, 0);
Picture levelCannon as being a laser beam that goes across the entire screen. I need to see if my 3d model intersects with the screen space inhabited by the sprite. I managed to dig up Viewport.Unproject, but that seems to only be useful when dealing with a single point in 2d space, rather than an area. What can I do in my case?


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22 Feb 2011 5:06 PM #1
Help! Can't find download link / API documentation for Ext.air?
I must be dumb. Browsing the Sencha site, Adobe site, googling I can't find download link for Ext.air and any documentation (other then a few blog posts)..
Help! Can someone post links to downloads, API, docs etc?
Many thanks,
24 Feb 2011 4:45 AM #2
It's on the ExtJS download page:
Docs can be found within the download or under:
http://docs.sencha.com/air/Programming today is a race between software engineers striving to build bigger and better іdiot-proof programs, and the universe striving to produce bigger and better idiots. So far, the universe is winning. (Rick Cook)
Enhanced ExtJS adapter for Adobe AIR
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MOUNDSVILLE - Finally a night of joyous celebration for the John Marshall football team.
After 13 consecutive losses, including three to start the 2012 season, under new coach Rick Goodrich, the Monarchs rallied from a 6-0 deficit to put 34 consecutive points on the scoreboard Friday night on the way to thumping Oak Glen, 48-12.
It was first victory since Week 10 of the 2010 season for the hosts, while the Golden Bears have dropped two in a row since starting 2-0.
Senior running back R.J. Kibert ran for two touchdowns and returned a backward pass 77 yards for another score late in the third quarter to put the game out of reach.
''I'm just so happy for these kids, especially the seniors,'' Goodrich said after sharing a private moment with his teary-eyed wife as the players continued to enjoy the moment.
''Let's face it. These kids haven't won in two years. Finally they've got something to show for the hard work and effort they've put in since June.''
Earlier in the week Goodrich commented that when something good happened to his team, things would snowball from there. That surely was the case but not until after the Golden Bears jumped and 6-0 on a sparkling 85-yard punt return by Micah Swiger 3:33 into the game.
A well-executed screen pass from quarterback Jeremiah Fromhart to James Morgan covered 42 yards into Oak Glen territory and keyed a 78-yard drive that ended with Kibert blasting his way in from the 3 on the first play of the second quarter, knotting the score at 6-6.
Fromhart's deep sideline pass to Jeremy Betras covered 42 yards on John Marshall's next possession, setting up Jacob Wood's touchdown as went off the left side untouched from 6 yards out. Evan Magers then pulled down a pass from Fromhart for the 2-point conversion that put the Goodrich's club up 14-6.
Oak Glen got a tough break late in the half as an inadvertant whistle wiped out Nathan Beabout's 33-yard touchdown return of a Monarchs fumble.
''We had a chance there to possibly go into halftime with the game tied,'' Oak Glen's youthful coach Ian Whittington said. ''It was a terrible night all the way around.''
Things started out with Oak Glen being hit with 20 yards in penalties before the first official snap of the game. The first 15 yards were the result of the Golden Bears coming out late before the coin toss when, according to Whittington, the door to their locker room was locked after pregame warmups.
''We had to wait five minutes before their AD came and opened the door. I pleaded with the ref but he still hit us with the penalty.''
Then Oak Glen drew a 5-yard penalty for a false start on what was to have been its first offensive snap. Overall, Oak Glen was penalized 10 times for 110 yards, lost four of six fumbles and had a snap over the punter's head recovered by John Marshall's Ralph Howe in the end zone for a late-game score.
John Marshall, going into its locker room at halftime leading for the first time this season, was reminded by Goodrich that the Monarchs still had a lot of work to do.
''I told them this was unfamiliar territory and they had to keep focused and continue to play hard in the second half,'' he said.
Kibert gave the first indication there wouldn't be a letup, breaking off a 35-yard run, again moving the ball into Golden Bears terrotory. Two plays later from the 25, the Monarchs line opened a huge hole and Kibert went in untouched. John Marshall then resorted to some trickery as the holder on the conversion, Aaron Bishop, stood up and found Morgan wide open for 2-point conversion and a 22-6 lead.
Kibert's third touchdown of the night came on an alert play after Bub Haddox's backward pass was scooped off the ground at the JM 23 and returned all the way back for a score.
Later the Monarchs reached the end zone on a determined individual play by Magers, who took a short pass from Fromhart and broke two tackles for a 33-yard score. In the fourth quarter Wood scored from the 3 and the final TD came from Howe.
The Golden Bears (2-2) picked up a second-half score when Haddox connected with Cody Howell for a 40-yard score.
''The last couple of weeks against Bellaire and Buckeye Local, we won the battle of the statistics but this time we won one on the scoreboard,'' Goodrich said. ''This feels a lot better.
''The kids are starting to beleive in what we are doing with our style of offense. The backs are running hard and Fromhart did a nice job throwing the ball on the quick outs. Defensively, we are getting more physical and playing with confidence.''
Steed collected 78 yards and Haddox had 64 rushing while also completing 15 of 26 passes for 148 yards.
John Marshall's offense was sparked by Kibert's 96 yards on 10 carries. Wood picked up 42 yards on 13 attempts while Fromhart fiished 7 of 12 for 130 yards, one score with no interceptions.


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6 Baffling Modern-Day Disasters of Biblical Proportions
Whenever there's a hurricane like the one we just had, or an earthquake, you hear somebody refer to it as a biblical disaster, meaning it calls to mind the God-sent catastrophes of the Old Testament. But the disasters that happened in the Bible tended to be weirder -- you knew it wasn't just a regular storm when the clouds dropped frogs and the seas turned to blood. That's the kind of stuff that just never happens anymore.
Well, almost never.
#6. The Day It Rained Spiders
In the Old Testament, God had a tendency to unleash plagues of some hated creature on people when he got angry -- ancient Egypt alone was the target of spontaneous swarms of locusts, fleas and flies, while the ancient Jews got snakes. So it must have seemed like the days of Moses had returned when, in 2007, Christian Oneto Gaona was hiking with a friend in Argentina and spiders suddenly started raining from the sky. And this wasn't even Australia, where such a thing might be considered normal.
"So just to be on the safe side, I'd take an umbrella and maybe repent your sins."
Gaona wasn't able to identify the species of the "multicolored" spiders, but considering that this seemed like a scaled-up version of the kind of shit he used to pull on his little sister, it must have raised the question of whether God was in fact 12 years old.
Animals just straight falling out of the sky like hail is not unheard of, and the popular explanation for it is always that strong winds manage to pick up animals and deposit them into the atmosphere. Of course, this doesn't explain why the rain was limited exclusively to spiders. Why not toads, or chipmunks, or, you know, anything else whatsoever? God wasn't even mean enough to make spiders one of the plagues of Egypt, and he was really mad that time.
Or chocolate coins.
It's kind of unnerving that this kind of thing is going on in remote parts of the wilderness where people don't usually know about it, like some divine Manhattan Project. We can only assume that God is field-testing it before combat use on a modern city.
#5. Getting Struck by Lightning on a Clear Day
There is probably no more iconic symbol of God's wrath than the lightning bolt (especially if your god is Zeus). It's the Almighty's way of pointing directly at a person and saying, "Hey. You. Fuck you." And while it isn't too surprising when someone gets smote during a thunderstorm, lightning in the middle of a clear, sunny day has to make anyone feel like they've got enemies up there. But it's real, and it's called positive lightning.
Kara Swanson
And that shit can arc out from a storm cloud more than 10 miles away.
Normal or negative lightning occurs when negatively charged rain clouds send down a lightning bolt to the positively charged earth below. Positive lightning is just the opposite -- the cloud is positively charged and needs a negatively charged spot to unleash upon. The problem is, these spots are much harder to come by, so the bolt not only has to travel miles away from the actual storm to get there, but has a serious case of blue balls when it does. As a result, the bolt is six to 10 times as strong as a regular one when it touches down.
But hey, you shouldn't worry too much, since getting struck by lightning is about as common as winning the lottery. But you know what gets hit all the time? Planes. Each one gets struck by lightning once a year or so. Luckily, planes have measures in place to protect them from regular lightning. But, like we said, this is not regular lightning.
It comes from goddamn Krypton.
Positive lightning drew first blood in 1963 in an event that happens to hold the Guinness World Record for Worst Lightning Strike Death Toll. Another aircraft was felled by positive lightning as recently as 1999, and airline safety measures are still not capable of coping with lightning strikes this powerful.
So we're not saying that you should avoid getting on a plane with too many people that God is mad at, but, you know, that's actually exactly what we're saying.
#4. Fire Tornadoes
In 1923, a devastating 7.9 magnitude earthquake hit Tokyo, creating an immediate citywide disaster, as earthquakes tend to do. But it wouldn't be on this list if it were just a typical earthquake.
One minute, citizens were calmly attempting to evacuate the city through scattered fires, and then suddenly a flaming tornado appeared out of goddamn nowhere and incinerated 38,000 freaking people in 15 minutes.
People's Daily
This definitely would have made The Wizard of Oz a much different movie.
See, apparently, tornadoes can be on fire sometimes. If Hollywood was looking to make a sequel to Twister, this is really the only way to go with it. It's called a fire whirl, and it's thankfully rare, but when it happens, it looks like the kind of event that would have been cut from the Bible for being too unrealistic. Given the right atmospheric conditions, a fire can just pick itself right the hell up and blaze across the landscape.
Unfortunately for Tokyo, the conditions were just right that day to make it the largest and deadliest fire tornado in recorded history. For comparison, the earthquake we just mentioned was the deadliest quake in Japanese history, but a full third of the total victims were killed just by the 15-minute spinning fiery vortex of doom.


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Home › Scene › Fashion's First Ladies ›
Fashion's First Ladies
It was an evening to celebrate the most glamorous ladies on our coast when Riviera held its Women of Style soiree at David Yurman's South Coast Plaza boutique—a fitting spot for such an elegant affair. There were stunning jewels to admire and delightful nibbles to snack on, and Neil and Roberta Wood, Lisa Pilgrim, Beril Akcay and the 150 other well-heeled attendees did just that before toasting the women who lit up our inaugural list—including Lourdes Nark, Erin Cole and Scharrell Jackson. And speaking of fashion, these haute honorees were draped in only the chicest looks, along with sparklers from the designer's new Willow Collection. Oh, how they dazzled! Photography by Stephanie Bragg