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text:
The key step in Kontsevich's proof of deformation quantization of Poisson manifolds is the so-called formality theorem where 'a formal complex' means that it admits a certain condition. I wonder why it is called 'formal'. I only found the definition of Sullivan in Wikipedia: 'formal manifold is one whose real homotopy type is a formal consequence of its real cohomology ring'. But still I am confused because most of articles I found contain the same sentence only and I cannot understand the meaning of 'formal consequence'. Does anyone know the history of this concept?
I would guess that the terminology goes back to the work of Sullivan and Quillen on rational homotopy theory. You should probably also look at the paper of Deligne-Griffiths-Morgan-Sullivan on the real homotopy theory of Kähler manifolds. Actually, I think that at least some familiarity with the DGMS paper is an important prerequisite for understanding many of Kontsevich's papers.
I am not totally sure, but I believe that the definitions are as follows:
One of the things I'm not sure about is whether in the definition we should require $H^\ast(A,d)$ to be commutative; but for spaces this is not an issue since $H^\ast(X)$ is always (graded-)commutative.
The DGMS paper proves that if X is a compact Kähler manifold, then the de Rham dg algebra consisting of (real, $C^\infty$) differential forms on X with the standard de Rham differential is a formal dg algebra.
The phrase "the real (resp. rational) homotopy type of X is a formal consequence of the real (resp. rational) cohomology ring of X", which appears in e.g. the DGMS paper, simply means that the real (resp. rational) homotopy theory of X is determined by (and is probably explicitly and algorithmically computable from?) the cohomology ring of X. In other words, if X and Y are formal (over the rationals resp. the reals) and have isomorphic (rational resp. real) cohomology rings, then their respective (rational resp. real) homotopy theories are the same (and are explicitly computable, if we know the cohomology ring(s)?). For example, the ranks of their homotopy groups will be equal.
Actually I am not totally sure whether what I said in the last paragraph is true. I think it's true when X and Y are simply connected. I'm not sure about what happens more generally.
In the context of rational homotopy theory, I think the term "formal" is fine, for the reasons I've explained above. Perhaps in the more general context of dg algebras, the use of the term "formal" makes less sense. However, I think that it is still reasonable, for the following reasons. Let me use the more "modern" language of A-infinity algebras. In general, it is not true that a dg algebra $(A,d)$ is quasi-isomorphic to $H^\ast(A,d)$ considered as a dg algebra with zero differential. However, it is a "standard" fact (Kontsevich-Soibelman call this the "homological perturbation lemma" (for example, it's buried somewhere in this paper), and you can find it in the operads literature as the "transfer theorem") that you can put an A-infinity structure on $H^\ast(A,d)$ which makes $A$ and $H^\ast(A,d)$ quasi-isomorphic as A-infinity algebras. The A-infinity structure manifests itself as a series of $n$-ary products satisfying various compatibilities. Intuitively at least, these $n$-ary products should be thought of as being analogous to Massey products in topology. So $H^\ast(A,d)$ with this A-infinity structure does carry some "homotopy theoretic" information. In this language then, a dg algebra $(A,d)$ is formal if it is quasi-isomorphic, as an A-infinity algebra, to $H^\ast(A,d)$ with all higher products zero. In other words, all of the "Massey products" vanish*, and thus the only remaining "homotopy theoretic" information is that coming from the ordinary ring structure on $H^\ast(A,d)$.
*Don Stanley notes correctly that vanishing of Massey products is weaker than formality. However, I believe that triviality of the A-infinity structure is equivalent to formality. In the language of the DGMS paper, which does not use the A-infinity language, they say that formality is equivalent to the vanishing of Massey products "in a uniform way". I believe this uniform vanishing is the same as triviality of A-infinity structure. From the paper:
and also
(Sorry for the proliferation of parentheses, and sorry for my lack of certainty on all of this, I have not thought about this in a while. People should definitely correct me if I'm wrong on any of this.)
Paraphrasing Groucho Marx: if you don't like my first answer..., well I have another one. :-)
Here it is: let $X$ be a simply connected differentiable manifold.
Rational homotopy theory tells us that the rational homotopy type of $X$ (that is, its homotopy type modulo torsion) is contained in its minimal model, $M_X$, which is a commutative differential graded (cdg) algebra.
By definition, this means that you have a quasi-isomorphism (quis, a morphism of cdg algebras inducing an isomorphism in cohomology)
$$ M_X \longrightarrow \Omega^*(X) \ . $$
Here, $\Omega^* (X)$ is the algebra of differential forms of $X$ and the minimality of $M_X$ means that, in a certain, but precise, sense, it is the smallest cdg algebra for which such a quis exists.
The fact that $M_X$ contains the rational homotopy type of $X$ implies, for instance, that you can obtain the ranks of the homotopy groups of $X$ from it:
Nice, isn't it? :-)
The problem is that the algebra $\Omega^*(X)$ is, in general, not computable, so you can not obtain from it the minimal model $M_X$. And here is where formality comes to help you.
Almost by definition, $X$ is a formal space if there exists two quis
$$ \Omega^*(X) \longleftarrow M_X \longrightarrow H^*(X;\mathbb{Q}) $$
Hence, if $X$ is formal you can compute its minimal model $M_X$, and hence its rational homotopy type, directly from the cohomology algebra $H^*(X; \mathbb{Q})$, which is nicer (smaller, more computable) than $\Omega^*(X)$.
And the final point is that there are plenty of examples of spaces which are known to be formal.
(Final remark: Actually, you'd have to put $A_{PL}^*(X;\mathbb{Q})$ instead of $\Omega^*(X)$ to work over the rationals, but this you can find it explained in the references we have provided for you.)
Formal can mean slightly different things in different contexts.
A commutative differential graded algebra (CDGA) is formal if it is quasi-isomorphic to it's homology. This is stronger than having all the higher Massey products equal to 0 (I think there are such examples in the Halperin-Stasheff paper).
To a space you can associate a CDGA (via Sullivan's $A_{pl}$ functor) which is basically the deRham complex when the space is a manifold. In nice cases this functor induces an equivalence from the rational homotopy category to the homotopy category of CDGA. Quasi-isormorphic CDGA correspond to (rationally) homotopy equivalent spaces. You can also tensor with the reals to get real CDGA.
If A is a CDGA which is quasi-isomorphic to $A_{pl}(X)$ for a space $X$ then A is often called a model of X. A space is formal if $A_{pl}$ of it is formal. So a formal space is modeled by its cohomology. In that sense its rational homotopy type is a formal consequence of its cohomology.
I think you have to be slightly careful with using $C^*$. This functor lands in differential graded algebra which are not commutative, so possibly the notion of formality could be different. In particular if you consider two CDGA there may be more strings of quasi-isomorphisms between them as DGAs then as CDGAs. I believe it is unknown if two CDGA that are quasi-isomorphic as DGA have to be quasi-isomorphic as CDGA.
Maybe you could take a look at
Y. Félix, J. Oprea, D. Tanré; Algebraic models in Geometry, Oxford Graduate Text in Math. 17 (2008)
where they talk about formality in the context of rational homotopy theory, RHT, (for instance, in sections 2.7 and 3.1.4). Also the more classical, but excellent little book
D. Lehmann; Théorie homotopique des formes différentielles, Astérisque 45
is worth reading (section V.9).
As for formality in the context of operads, allow me a little self-promotion :-) :
F. Guillén, V. Navarro, P. Pascual, Agustí Roig, Moduli spaces and formal operads; Duke Math. J. 129, 2 (2005).
In this work, we translate some classical results concerning formality in RHT to chain operads. For instance, the Deligne-Griffiths-Morgan-Sullivan theorem about formality of Kähler manifolds, formality's independence of the ground field... And extend them also to modular operads.

subset: commoncrawl


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Brian Balfour: More Jobs, Bigger Paychecks
December 21, 2012
North Carolina has the region's highest income tax burden, high unemployment, and slow personal income growth. The Civitas Institute in Raleigh, N.C., proposes ending the state's personal and corporate income taxes and franchise tax and replacing them with a consumption-based tax that research shows could boost employment and incomes. And politically, the timing could be right, says the Civitas Institute's Brian Balfour.


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Hundreds gathered in Bowling Green to mark Good Friday.
The Bowling Green - Warren County Ministerial Association hosted a community wide service Friday afternoon. Good Friday marks the crucifixion of Jesus Christ and his death on the cross at Calvary. Eight pastors from area churches came together as one for the service.
"We do that on Good Friday because that is traditionally for the orthodox church the day to celebrate that particular event. We do it in unity because it is one of the central things that unites us regardless of denomination," says Ruth Morgan from the First Church of the Nazarene.
The community wide service is an annual event.
Watch the video above to get see the sights and sounds from the days service.


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Follow Us On: Facebook Twitter YouTube
A recap of Public Campaign and Public Campaign Action Fund's (PCAF) work from October 31 through November 4, 2011.
Need a sure-fire way to get some positive testimony at a congressional hearing? Just invite the people who butter your bread. The Aberdeen News picked up an Associated Press story on how twice in the last four months Rep. Kristi Noem (R-S.D) has held congressional hearings that were littered with witnesses that are contributors to her campaign war chest.
Public Campaign Action Fund
1133 19th Street, NW Suite #900 | Washington, DC 20036
firstname.lastname@example.com | (P) 202.640-5600 | (F) 202.640.5601


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Let $X$ be a subcomplex of a CW-complex $Y$. Is $(Y/X)^{\wedge k}$ homotopy equivalent to $Y^{\wedge k}/X^{\wedge k}$, where $\wedge k$ is the $k$-fold smash product? I know it is not true for products but am having a hard time visualizing for smash products.
The easiest way I know to say what is going on is to resort to looking at "products" of pairs: $$ (X, A) \times (Y, B) = ( X\times Y , A\times Y \cup X\times B). $$ The point of this notation is that the functor $(X, A) \mapsto (X/A, *)$ carries $(X, A) \times (Y, B)$ to $X/A \wedge Y/B$. We can iterate this procedure, and I'll write $T^n(Y,X)$ for the subspace of $Y^n$ satisfying $$ (Y, X)^n = ( Y^n, T^n(Y, X)). $$ Thus $(Y/X)^{\wedge n} = Y^n /T^n(Y,X)$.
You can easily check that $$ T^n( Y, X) = \lbrace (y_1, \ldots, y_n) \mid y_i \in X\ \mbox{for at least one $i$}\rbrace. $$
On the other hand $Y^{\wedge n}/X^{\wedge n}$ is the quotient of $Y^n$ by the subspace $$ T^n(Y,*) \cup X^n, $$ which is different (unless $X = *$).
$X\wedge X\subset (Y\wedge X)\cup (X\wedge Y)\subset Y\wedge Y$, with quotients $((Y/X)\wedge X)\vee (X\wedge (Y/X))$ and $(Y/X)\wedge (Y/X)$.


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As part of a project that needs to support mobile devices, I have been working on mimicking the iPhone toggle control using CSS3. I have the look and feel of the element pretty much there, and am using CSS3 transitions to animate its state change.
When I have the element itself on a page with nothing else, the transition is relatively smooth on iOS. However, when I combine it with other CSS elements on a page, the result in iOS is laggy as anything. It's slightly better than a raw jQuery animation, but not much.
I've set up two test pages to demonstrate what I mean (the difference is hardly noticeable in a regular browser):
Toggle Control on its own > http://ben-major.co.uk/labs/iPhone%20UI/ios_toggle.html
Combined with other elements > http://ben-major.co.uk/labs/iPhone%20UI/
I am looking for any advice on speeding up the transition in mobile devices. What could be the factors that are slowing down its performance on the full page test?
Any advice and comments welcome.


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Heavy Duty Electric Hoist 440 lb. Double Line/220 lb. Single Line Capacity
Safe and easier lifting
Having heavy-duty electric hoists around your shop means you canget more done, faster. Feature single- or dual-line pull operation with 39 ft. of anti-twist cables. This minimizes loads twisting in the air, for safer operation. Run on 110 volts. Also holds the load without power in case power is interrupted – another smart safety feature. Handheld remote with 5-ft. cord controls up/down travel with up-travel limiter to prevent lifting objects past the maximum up travel. Compact size and universal mounts with brackets allow it to be easily installed. 220 lbs. single line load capacity, 440 lbs. dual line load capacity. 3/4 HP. 1/8" cable diameter. 31 lbs. 14"L x 5-1/2"W x 8-1/2"H. Imported.
2016 Master Catalog: Page 586


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The CWC girls basketball team hosted Fairfield on Monday night but were unable to put a positive effort on the court, losing to the Lady Mules, 51-34.
Briley Attebury led the Lady Bulldogs with 11 points. She also had two assists and seven rebounds.
Other contributors included Sydney Clark with eight points and three rebounds, Alexa Combs with seven points, an assist, two rebounds and a steal, Emma Bachman with five points, a rebounds and a steal, Peighton Parks with two points, Kelsey Rogers with a point and eight rebounds, Jerrica Money with a rebound and an assist, Briley Tolley with an assist and a rebound and Bailey Winters with two rebounds and a steal.
Location, ST | website.com


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What is your fashion view?
Fashion is on the individual. Your wardrobe is a fun way to express who you are as a person! My fashion advice to women is to wear what YOU look good in, not what is in style. My friends laugh at me but I always say, "It takes the same amount of time to dress up as it does to dress down." My mother taught me that early on and I live by it to this day. When you look good, you feel good and we all want to feel great everyday. You will rarely catch me dressed down without my lip gloss on.
How do you describe your style?
Fun and flirty with a classic touch. I love trendy pieces and have a ton of color in my wardrobe. I wear what I feel good in.
What are your favorite pieces?
Great jeans are a must! If you have a perfect pair of jeans, you can pair it with inexpensive trendy tops and you still look very much "together." I love the boyfriend sweaters, which are trendy this season and classic – perfect for work! I have a great shoe collection. Kitten heels are hot this season — thank goodness! I could run a marathon in my heels!
Where is your favorite place to shop?
I love Von Maur's shoe department. Clodhoppers has an amazing denim selection and Blink is perfect for that one of a kind dress. I admit though I frequent T.J.Maxx and Forever 21 for the fun, trendier pieces. I do a lot of my shopping online. I am the girl that won't buy anything at a store if there is more than two of them. My worst nightmare is being out and seeing a girl across the room wearing my same outfit.
Who is your fashion icon? Why?
I admire so many. With a fashion background, I feel as if I fit into many "styles." If I could combine the classic style of Jennifer Aniston and Nicole Ritchie's bohemian style with Rachel Zoe's fashion forwardness that would be my perfect icon. My style changes with my mood and when I have big hair and big sunglasses and an over-sized handbag, I am very much Rachel Zoe. I love a classic tank with great denim and when wearing my Ray-Bans with my smooth hair I feel very Jennifer Aniston. Going out with chunky jewelry and flowing tops and funky rings and bracelets – totally Nicole Ritchie!
Her View
On Saturday, March 3, from 7 to 11 p.m. friends, new and old, will come together at The Olmsted for the sixth annual Raisin' the Rent party benefiting the St. John Center.
Patrons will enjoy music from The Remedy and a live magic 'n' illusions show by Patrick and Janice Miller. Hors d'oeuvres and a light dinner will be served by Masterson's Catering. The party will also include dancing, silent and live auctions with Steve Hale serving as auctioneer. Vicki Rogers from Lite 106.9 will emcee the evening. Tickets can be purchased for $30 at the door. A cash bar will be available.
Carrie King, event chair, predicts an incredible evening. 'Making Magic Together' is more then just the theme of this year's event. It's the reality of what takes place at the St. John Center. The men are given a second chance, an opportunity to get their life back on track. To me, this is magical and I am proud to be part of it."
Learn more by LIKE-ing the St. John Center on Facebook, visiting the St. John Center's Web site at www.stjohncenter.org or calling 502.568.6758.


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10 Tools for Parenting Happy, Healthy Children
2 of 11
Give Them Some Magic
I've never understood how so many parents join in the Santa Claus conspiracy (well, you have to, or you would be ostracized by all the other parents at school) but don't provide their children with any other magic. Yet, magic is what childhood is all about—freedom from tedious reality, freedom from responsibility, freedom from the constraints of adult life. Over the 18 years we have to raise our children, we have to slowly feed them reality, responsibility, and obligations, but we should be fighting to keep the magic alive as long as we can.
Give Them Space
The first and most basic requirement children need to enjoy the magic is a blank canvas. They can do magic all by themselves, they just need us to get out of the way. Small children can believe in all sorts of things we can't. Their bedroom floor really is a miniature battlefield, the backyard kiddie pool becomes an Olympic pool, and those Legos are really a spaceship.
What's more, children are free of the forethoughts that can ruin things for us. When I was about 18, I laid on a beach and let the waves wash round me. As much as I enjoyed the sensation, I couldn't entirely shake off the thought of what a pain it was going to be to wash all the sand out of my long hair. (I didn't know the half of it—it took hours.) Small children can get blissfully covered in mud or paint without a thought about all the cleanup they'll have to go through to get it all off—as long as we keep our mouths shut and don't spoil it for them by pointing it out.
From Nobody Told Me That! 10 Tools for Parenting Healthy, Happy Children Copyright © 2009, FT Press. Used by permission of FT Press, and Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
To order this book go to Amazon.


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I'm working with a team on an educational iPhone app, and one of the proposed features is to have a "ask a question" button, which will let mobile users post a question to an online site. A group of volunteers would monitor the website and answer questions.
Is there a good, preferably free, web application that would provide this? I would love something like to license Stack Exchange for this, but the topic of the app is not widely popular enough to get approved as a public Stack Exchange site.


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Tailored solutions for your industry
IBM Rational industry solutions are package combinations of products, services, and best practices based on the open, modular, and proven IBM Rational software delivery platform. We can help you optimize software and systems delivery processes, maximize project budgets, improve quality, and strengthen stakeholder collaboration.
Contact IBM
Considering a purchase?
- Email IBM
- Request a quote
Or call us at: 1-800-728-12121-800-728-1212
Priority code: Cloud


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My background-image transition is working fine in Chrome, but does nothing in Firefox. I am new to CSS3 transitions. Did research and my syntax seems to be correct. From what I have read FF should support this. I am on FF 12.0. How come this CSS3 transition does not work in Firefox.
No javascript. No workarounds. Just an explanation of why this is failing would be wonderful.
text-decoration: none;
display: block;
color: #232744;
font-size: 20px;
font-weight: bold;
height: 47px;
width: 185px;
overflow: hidden;
margin: 10px auto 15px auto;
text-align: center;
border: none;
background: yellow;
background-image: url(http://www.pslover.com/images/thumb/2751.jpg);
-webkit-transition: background-image .5s linear;
-moz-transition: background-image .5s linear;
a.call_to_action:hover {
background: orange;
background-image: url(http://www.tutorialdash.com/avatars/3b1f70c20325d8676ce1f56cb9b43f17.gif);
color: #4F4246;


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Airport facilities
Money and communications:
There are ATMs and bureaux de change facilities throughout the airport, as well as post offices in Terminals 4. There are public telephones in the main areas of each terminal, as well as wall-mounted pay fax machines. Wireless Internet access is available in the Departures lounges of all terminals.
Eating and drinking:
There are numerous restaurants, bars, fast-food outlets, coffee shops, pubs and sandwich bars throughout the airport.
There are a wide variety of shops in each terminal including music shops, bookshops, newsagents, clothing accessories shops, electrical goods shops, pharmacies, sunglasses shops, shoe shops, sweet shops and perfumeries. There are chemists in all terminals; the Terminal 1 chemist dispenses prescriptions.
Left-luggage offices can be found in each terminal, whilst lost property can be reclaimed from the Airport Lost Property Office (tel: (020) 8745 7727).
Other facilities:
These include a chapel, showers, a visitor centre (tel: (020) 8745 6655) and a health centre (tel: (020) 8745 7047).


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6 Movies That Didn't Realize They Let the Villain Win
#5. The Libyans from Back to the Future
Let's disregard for a moment all of the numerous problems we have with the "happy" ending of Back to the Future. Let's grant the filmmakers that everything wrapped itself up perfectly; Marty is happy, parents are happy, Biff is their slave.
All he wants is a case of Schlitz and time to forget.
It's so easy to get wrapped up in the Biff Tannens and time paradoxes as the main obstacles to be overcome that we forget the guys who should have kept Marty McFly up late at night.
But We Forgot About...
The Libyan terrorists Doc Brown ripped the plutonium from. You know, the armed, pissed off terrorists driving freely through Hill Valley, who wanted Doc Brown to build a nuclear bomb for them.
Take a close look at that VW van. These guys pack more wallop in there than the collected drug cartels in Breaking Bad and The Wire. These Libyans have AK-47s, RPGs, a shoot-first policy, tracking abilities that baffle even the guy who perfected time travel, and... oh, fucking plutonium.
This is some Tom Clancy shit right here.
OK, so Marty hooks up with his mom and warns Doc about the Libyans, which he takes as his cue to dig up a bulletproof vest capable of stopping assault-rifle slugs at point-blank range. Good for him. They then take off in their van and chase Marty in the Delorean. When Marty disappears back in time, the van crashes into a one-hour photo stand. Then... what?
...they back up, drive to Marty and shoot him in the face?
Nothing happens. Seriously, there are no terrorists flying through windshields; no RPGs going off; no big cathartic explosion to justify the use of the word "bomb" in the movie. All we see is the van kind of tip over, but sustain the abuse like any good, German-made car was built to. But when Marty returns from the past to check on Doc, they have an emotional reunion that completely ignores the fact that there is a dented van full of terrorists right over there.
If it can survive hippies, it can survive anything.
Hell, even if the van burst into flames and vaporized the gunmen, there's no way those few guys represented the entirety of their terror cell. This is a group serious enough to sneak into the U.S., obtain military-grade weapons and goddamned weapons-grade plutonium. You know, the stuff that no terrorists and only a few militaries have ever been able to get their hands on. If anything, Back to the Future is a cautionary tale about how disastrously vulnerable small U.S. towns were to terrorism during the Reagan years.
And how vulnerable the terrorists were to crimes of Chronomancy.


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The following is a sit-down question-and-answer interview with Ohio Attorney General Mike DeWine conducted by John McCabe of Ogden Newspapers.
The interview concerns the upcoming juvenile court trial of two 16-year-old Steubenville High School students who have been charged with raping an underage girl after end-of-summer parties five months ago.
Recently, visiting Juvenile Judge Thomas Lipps ruled the trial will be held in open court, and he denied a motion for a change of venue. The trial was pushed back to March 13.
Article Video
Ohio Attorney General DeWine discusses the local prosecutor and the possibility of a cover up in a S
Trent Mays of Bloomingdale and Ma'Lik Richmond of Steubenville have been charged with raping the girl, also 16, at a party Aug. 11-12. Mays also is charged with illegal use of a minor in nudity-oriented material, the result of pictures of the naked victim that investigators testified were attached to text messages allegedly sent from his cell phone. Attorneys for both defendants have denied the charges in court.
Q: The two teen defendants in the Steubenville rape case are set for trial March 13. What outcome do you expect from your prosecution?
DeWine: These charges were initially filed before we were asked to prosecute them, but we concur in the charges. We will present the evidence - we have a very experienced lawyer who will present the case, she's been involved in many cases. We're in the process now of continuing to interview witnesses. She will present the case, and that will ultimately be up to not a jury - this is not a jury, this is a judge, a visiting judge from Cincinnati - who will ultimately make the decision whether these individuals are found to be delinquent by reason of committing a rape or another crime.
Article Photos
DISCUSSES CASE — Ohio Attorney General Mike DeWine says that when the trial of teenage boys accused in the Steubenville rape case is complete, people will be satisfied that justice has been done, no matter what the outcome. -- Staff photo
Q: Much of the talk surrounding this case has dealt with what many believe is a cover-up - that local authorities did not do their job during the initial phase of the investigation, allegedly because the two defendants played football at Steubenville High School. Do you have an opinion about how this case was handled before your office got involved, and how has it been handled since?
DeWine: I hope when we're done with this, whatever the outcome, and that's obviously up to the judge, that people in the community and across the state will feel that justice has been done, and will feel that it's been a thorough investigation.
When we got into it, our objective was to leave no stone unturned, to interview anyone who knew anything about it. And we're not only talking about the actual incident itself, but we're investigating who knew what, when. Anybody else who had information, anybody else who might have done anything wrong. So far, only two individuals have been charged, and they've been charged with the actual offense itself, which we believe we can show that these ... juveniles committed the crime of rape. But ultimately, that's going to be up to the judge.
Fact Box
Video portions of the interview are available online by using these links:
Part One
Ohio Attorney General Mike DeWine discusses the prosecution of a Steubenville rape case and immunity issues.
- http://youtu.be/SS8aniJEmx4
Part Two
Ohio Attorney General Mike DeWine discusses the impact of social media and the national attention on a Steubenville rape case.
- http://youtu.be/rgVxqQV38Lc
Part Three
Ohio Attorney General Mike DeWine discusses the local prosecutor and the possibility of a cover up in a Steubenville rape case.
- http://youtu.be/FZwneeOD_Vs
Part Four
Ohio Attorney General Mike DeWine discusses closed court hearings and the possibility of additional charges in a Steubenville rape case.
- http://youtu.be/V9zE3aVkHy4
I understand that on social media, there's been a lot of discussion about whether or not there's been a cover-up. We were asked to prosecute this case, we have investigated the case, we have no reason - you know, I'm from the southwestern part of (Ohio), the prosecutor who's prosecuting the case for me is not from Steubenville or Jefferson County - so there's no reason to think that we have any ax to grind in this. The judge who was assigned to the case is from Cincinnati, he is a well-experienced, well-respected juvenile judge, there's no reason to think that he has any angle in this case, either. So I hope that in the end people will be satisfied that justice has been done, whatever the outcome.
Q: Jefferson County Prosecutor Jane Hanlin recused herself from the case on Aug. 27 - more than two weeks after the alleged rape occurred, 11 days after Jefferson County law enforcement authorities seized evidence against the two defendants and others, and five days after the defendants were arrested. Given her conflict of interest - I believe her son goes to school with the defendants - should she have recused herself earlier?
DeWine: I think her decision to step down is very understandable. Her son is on the football team, she knows people in that community. So I think it's understandable that she asked us to come in and actually handle the prosecution. As far as whether she should have stepped down earlier, it would not have made any difference at all in how this case is being handled. If she had stepped out earlier we would have stepped in earlier, it wouldn't have mattered at all.
Article Links
Q: Are you surprised at the national attention that's been garnered by the Steubenville rape case? And what are your thoughts on the online and victim advocate groups that have called on your office to prosecute everyone involved?
DeWine: I think this is unusual; the facts of the case, tragically, are not that unusual. But everything surrounding the case, in the social media particularly, has been unusual. From the initial night when information was being text back and forth, to the postings on the Internet. ... I guess what bothers me ... is that it's always difficult for a victim, any victim, to testify. I think it's particularly tough for a victim who is a victim of sexual assault. Even more difficult if that victim of sexual assault is a juvenile. So here we have a 16-year-old victim who went through the event, is going to have to testify, and in addition - and I think this is what's unusual about this case - in addition to that she's been subjected to continuing victimization, she's continued to be victimized by the social media.
The postings that have been up on the Internet - the one that's go so much attention, the man who was I would say obviously drunk who was talking for 10-12 minutes and degrading her. He wasn't there at the event, but this was recorded in close proximity of time, at least, to when the event occurred, and it's just obnoxious, and her family has to endure that. I think that's what been particularly difficult about this case and what's been unusual about this case.
Q: How much more difficult has the social media aspect of this case made your job as a prosecutor?
DeWine: A lot of what I've read in the social media is just dead wrong. It's not like the mainstream media, where we have editors, and people who fact-check things, and there's a responsibility, and nothing really gets printed unless there's sources, and all the good practices that newspapers have and that journalists have in general. That just goes out the window when you're talking about the social media. Anybody can post any lie or any speculation they want to on the Internet, and it takes on a life of its own.
It is a difficult situation. I'm not sure it makes it difficult for us, but I think it makes it difficult for the victim, I think it makes it difficult for the community. It gets people all riled up about things that sometimes are just dead wrong, and we have to stay focused, we don't want to try this case in the social media nor in the media. Our obligation as lawyers is to go into court ... to present the evidence, and the judge or the jury makes the decision. We've seen all this information that's dead wrong but we really don't have all that much ability to do anything about it.
Q: There have been conflicting reports as to whether your office granted immunity to the three students who testified at the probable cause hearing. A letter sent to one of the three students reads, in part, "Although your client may not have conducted himself in a responsible manner or appropriate manner, his behavior did not rise to the level of any criminal conduct." Can you explain what that letter means?
DeWine: First of all, we made no deal with any of the witnesses. We did not grant immunity, which actually has to be granted by a court. ... We did send a letter ... to three witnesses, and in essence what those letters say is we do not believe, based on the information we have at this time, that the elements of any crime are there to prosecute that individual. That was a statement of fact.
Q: So there's no chance any of those three will be prosecuted in this case after the rape trial is resolved?
DeWine: We do not have the elements at this moment to charge any of them.
Q: Did anyone else receive such a letter from your office in regard to the rape case?
DeWine: No
Q: What, if any, additional charges in relation to this case do you expect following the rape trial?
DeWine: Our investigation is continuing, I get briefed on it every few days. I just had a briefing (Wednesday) morning, in fact, from our BCI agents and lawyers who are working on the case. We are still interviewing witnesses. We are looking not only at what happened at the scene, but what happened afterward. That's the phase of the investigation we're on now. ... Whether or not there will be (additional) criminal charges, I just don't know. We want to complete the investigation and then we'll sit down and make that decision whether there's evidence to prosecute anyone else. If there's evidence to prosecute someone we'll do it, if there's not we obviously will not do it.
Q: Do you expect to charge the owners of the homes where the parties were held?
DeWine: I'm not going to exclude anybody. We're going to look at every aspect of this; this was a tragic night, yet people who had knowledge of it - knowledge in and of itself is not a crime under Ohio law - but there could be some possibility of people being charged. Again, the investigation continues, and we're continuing to interview witnesses, although we're getting close to the end of that.
Q: You pulled a number of BCI agents off other cases to assist with the Steubenville case. Why? What role did they serve?
DeWine: I think it's important that when we're done, people in the community feel justice was done, that we left no stone unturned and that we looked at the totality of this case. All the speculation, all the experts out there on the social media continue to ferment this discussion. I think the community needs to be done with this.
But the only way the community can be done is if they believe there's been a very, very thorough investigation, so that's what I'm committed to doing.
Q: Your office initially did not take a stance on whether the trial should be open to the press and the public. That changed last month after you met with the alleged victim. What caused the shift?
DeWine: It's exactly what you said - I personally met with the victim and I met with the victim's parents. We had a very good discussion, and during that meeting I made the decision this victim doesn't need to go through a public trial. In juvenile court it's up to the judge whether it's open or not, historically ... almost all juvenile court proceedings were not public. More of them have become public in the last few years, but ultimately it's up to the judge.
The initial request to have it closed came from the defense, and we basically then joined that. ... Frankly, I was following the wishes of the victim. The victim is very willing to testify, she is going to testify, the judge ... has ruled that this should be in public, which we accept, and the victim accepts, and the victim will testify in open court.
Q: You've met with the victim. How would you describe how she's handling the proceedings?
DeWine: I think this is very difficult for the family. ... I met with the mom and the dad, as well as the victim. If this was my child, I would just be torn up by it, the prospect of her having to testify. I think it would be very tough. She's doing OK, this is a tough situation for her to go through. The judge has continued the trial, I fully understand that, I accept it, but the sooner this can get over with, I think the better it's going to be for the victim.
Q: The alleged crime happened in August, and right now we're looking at a March 13 trial date. In your opinion, is that a reasonable timeline?
DeWine: I don't think that's unusual. ... The judge has to balance the rights of the defendant, when you have defense counsel ask for a continuance, I think it's pretty tough in many cases for a judge not to grant that. But it's tough for the victim, it's tough to have to wait that long to finally be able to get this over with.
Q: You mentioned earlier that more juvenile cases are now open to the press and public. Is there a reason for that shift?
DeWine: I think it's the whole move toward transparency. When I was a prosecuting attorney we didn't have cameras in adult courts, that has been a change. I think the whole trend ... is toward more openness, more transparency. In this case, we have a victim who is 16, we have the defendants who are juveniles, we have most of the witnesses who are juveniles, so all these kids are kids. I think there's some logic behind the old way of doing it, which is to not have it open to the public.
My concern, frankly, is just with the victim, for her having to go through this and doing it in open court.


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I'd like someone better than SInclair but as long as he's replaced. That's if he goes, which I doubt. He's looking to get paid on a Bosman. He'll get it.
Can't believe the rumours but Jesus Navas would be one hell of a replacement.
Should never have sold Reyes
Berbatov further distinguishing himself from Rooney by turning down the Old Lady
Dylan Hooper-Jellett
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We're apparently in the running to get Walcott but let Johnson slide to Sunderland? WTF? Johnson must be a real **** because I rate him much better than Walcott.
Yeah, I'd defo say Walcott is a much more Brendan Rogers type player than Johnson.
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Is one allowed to join an army (let's say not the Israeli one) as doing so is putting oneself in a place of sakana?
If one is not allowed to join an army in general, is one allowed to join an army for "good cause" (let's say in World War 2 to fight the Nazis)?
Is one allowed to dodge the draft (assuming he won't be caught and won't cause Eiva)?
Sign up
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Rabbi David Zvi Hoffmann, in Melamed le-Ho'il 42, was asked:
His answer, after weighing sources in the matter, was:
( All translations are mine.)
To the point, he says:
I don't know whether he would allow joining an army, under other circumstances( like where there is no draft, no fear of violating Halakhah, and there is no Jewish reason to do so).
this answer depends on the army and the cause. if the country has a draft and they allow freedom of religion such as the US army in WWII i dont see a halachic problem. my grandfather served in the navy. his son (my uncle) is a rabbi in lakewood.. see photo US army having rosh hashanah services in Germany Sept. 1944 http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/jah/
however if you are being drafted into a army like russia where most jews convert or leave the religion evrything must be done to stop our young men from being drafted into the army


text:
News about Salvage, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times.
On the Hunt, 'Where Warm Waters Halt,' for a $2 Million Treasure
A former fighter pilot's memoir includes clues about a bronze chest full of riches. He estimates that 65,000 people have joined the search.
July 6, 2016, Wednesday
MORE ON SALVAGE AND: Fenn, Forrest (1930- ) , New Mexico , The Thrill of the Chase (Book) , Gold , Treasure Troves , Books and Literature , Rocky Mountains , Poetry and Poets
New York City Fights Scavengers Over a Treasure: Trash
As the city sets new recycling goals, it is cracking down on people and teams who pick metals, cardboard and plastic from the trash and cash them in.
March 21, 2016, Monday
MORE ON SALVAGE AND: Recycling of Waste Materials , Sanitation Department (NYC) , New York City , Salvage , Robberies and Thefts , Waste Materials and Disposal
With Shipwreck Treasure Easier to Reach, a Duel Is On
As technology exposes more sunken booty to commercial explorers, they are facing resistance and counterclaims by governments, the United Nations and marine archaeologists.
December 1, 2015, Tuesday
Donations Help the S.S. United States Fend Off the Scrapyard
Contributions of more than $600,000 will provide more time for those interested in preserving the S.S. United States to work with interested developers and investors.
November 24, 2015, Tuesday
MORE ON SALVAGE AND: Ships and Shipping , Historic Buildings and Sites , Salvage
Salvaging a Long-Lasting Wood, and New York City's Past
Longleaf pine lumber, which once buttressed the warehouses of TriBeCa and bore the weight of Brooklyn's waterfront depots, is being reclaimed as the city's factories are converted.
July 22, 2015, Wednesday
MORE ON SALVAGE AND: Wood and Wood Products , Salvage , Restoration and Renovation , New York City , Building (Construction) , Southern States (US) , Historic Buildings and Sites , Factories and Manufacturing
A Year After Sinking, South Korea Will Try to Salvage Sewol Ferry
The overloaded ferry capsized off South Korea last April, killing more than 300 people, most of them high school students.
April 23, 2015, Thursday
MORE ON SALVAGE AND: Maritime Accidents and Safety , Ferries , South Korea , Salvage
Crackdown in a Detroit Stripped of Metal Parts
For generations, scavengers have prowled this city with impunity. But recently, the city has been serious about fighting back, sounding a death knell for part of the underground economy.
March 16, 2015, Monday
MORE ON SALVAGE AND: Detroit (Mich) , Salvage , Waste Materials and Disposal , Poverty , Series , Robberies and Thefts
By the Gowanus Canal in Brooklyn, a Treasure Island
In a borough where curating is a way of life, shoppers at New York Old Iron are offered the rare opportunity to rummage through the unedited castoff past.
July 27, 2014, Sunday
MORE ON SALVAGE AND: Gowanus (Brooklyn, NY) , New York Old Iron (Brooklyn, NY, Retail Store) , Shopping and Retail , Salvage
Costa Concordia Begins Journey to Italian Port
The ill-fated cruise ship was recently lifted to the surface, two and a half years after it ran aground in an accident that killed 32 people.
July 24, 2014, Thursday
MORE ON SALVAGE AND: Salvage , Maritime Accidents and Safety , Genoa (Italy) , Costa Crociere SpA , Giglio Island (Italy)
Italy: Hulk of Costa Concordia Is on the Move to a Scrapyard
The rusty hulk of the capsized ship began its journey to the scrapyard on Wednesday, after a two-year salvage operation off the island of Giglio.
July 24, 2014, Thursday
MORE ON SALVAGE AND: Cruises , Costa Crociere SpA , Giglio Island (Italy) , Ships and Shipping , Maritime Accidents and Safety , Salvage , Italy
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If $H$ is an infinite index subgroup of the braid group $\mathcal{B}_n$, is there a way to find a presentation for $H$ ?
Unless you have a specific type of subgroup, like one that acts cocompactly on something, you're in deep trouble. Braid groups are incoherent (see Artin groups, 3-manifolds and coherence by Cameron Gordon). That is, there are finitely generated subgroups that are not finitely presented.
I'll address the question in your comments, can one determine a presentation for a subgroup of the mapping class group generated by Dehn twists? Given a bunch of simple closed curves on a surface, there is a minimal essential subsurface containing the curves. Then the Dehn twists will generate a subgroup of the mapping class group of this subsurface, which will have infinite index in the mapping class group of the full surface if it is a proper subsurface.
If it is finite-index in this mapping class group of the subsurface, then there is a procedure which will terminate with a presentation. The problem is that the procedure may never stop if the subgroup is infinite index in this subgroup. The idea is to enumerate finite-index subgroups and their generators via Reidemeister-Schreier, and then see if your elments can generate the generators for these subgroups. If you can, then you know your group is finite-index, and you can test all intermediate subgroups to see if your elements lie in them by looking at their image in a finite group quotient.
If the subsurface is planar, then the subgroup generated by Dehn twists about the curves will be a subgroup of a central extension of the braid group. If your curves are labelled $c_1, c_2, \ldots, c_k$, such that $c_i\cap c_j=\emptyset$ if $|i-j|>1$, and $|c_i\cap c_{i+1}|=2$, and the subsurface is planar, then the group will generate the mapping class of the planar subsurface, since these are the form of the standard generators for the braid group (the central extension comes from Dehn twists around boundary components).
For subgroups generated by 3 Dehn twists, see this paper.


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Indigo Girls and Joan BaezWed, June 12, 2013 - 8:00 PMFilene Center at Wolf Trap in Vienna, VA
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Captive Purity 100 GPD Pro Power RO/DI Filter System - Clear Canisters
Captive Purity represents the highest quality in reverse osmosis technology. Captive Purity Reverse Osmosis Systems meet stringent standards and far exceeds the quality of systems from other manufacturers. A wide variety of options ranging from economy 2-Stage RO units to top of the line 5-Stage Powered RO/DI units are available to suit your exact needs.
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Captive Purity manufactures water filtration and water testing supplies for marine and reef aquaria. The brand is best known for their high-quality line of reverse osmosis filter systems and accessories. Captive Purity also produces refractometers for testing salinity, portable pen-sized meters for testing pH as well as replacement filter media for their RO and RO/DI filter systems.
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Alacarte Gold-Plated Rotunda Embellishable Clasp
Customize the closure on your designs using the Alacarte gold-plated rotunda embellishable clasp. This clasp is round in shape and features textured edges with a recessed center. This clasp can be filled with
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text:
19 Jun 2013 11:36 AM #1
Unanswered: Sound and Video
I put HTML5 files as sources containing sound, but no sound is played.
HTML5 inside browser --> plays sound
HTML5 inside Desktop Packager --> no sound is played
Do I need to convert this to a special codec?
3 Jul 2013 1:09 PM #2
Try to use Ogg Vorbis audio, see if that works for you.
3 Jul 2013 11:32 PM #3
OGG Vobis is not supported by Adobe
I am trying to wrap up an Adobe Captivate file. But OGG Vobis is not supported, neither is WebM.
But as video and sound were a prime requirements the project was skipped.
18 Jul 2013 3:06 PM #4
mp3 not supported?
Am I understanding from the semi-cryptic message above that mp3 is not supported?
Is there a reference to supported audio and video container formats?
26 Jul 2013 4:36 PM #5
The release notes (see the online documentation, or the offline version as part of SDP download):
Supported media containers are Ogg (Vorbis audio, Theora video) and WebM
26 Jul 2013 11:41 PM #6
How difficult would it be to implement mp3/mp4 support?
2 Aug 2013 1:22 AM #7
i have tried alot on desktop packager to run videos (.ogv) but it does not work .
it does not support these formats also.


text:
America's Leading Saddle Brand
Hand crafting saddles since 1960Learn More
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Handmade Saddles with Flex2® Tree TechnologyPurchase Yours Today
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The 1651 Topeka is the most popular Flex2 trail saddle.See why
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1670 Birdseye TrailLearn More
The Birdseye Trail features a rancher style look with round skirt. It has Apache leather seating and brown iron silver spur conchos with stainless steel hardware. It's uses our Will James Flex2® trail tree which has a low-profile swell and 4″ cantle to provide a more open seat. …
1159 Josey Ultimate Starlight BarrelLearn More
Barrel racing legend, Martha Josey, has designed – from the tree up – her Ultimate Barrel Saddles to reflect her personal style and preferences to keep you correct, balanced, and in stride with your horse. The swell design and 4 1/2″ cantle holds the rider in correct position, ke…
1310 Tammy Fischer Treeless BarrelLearn More
Designed with barrel racer Tammy Fischer. The treeless design keeps the rider in close contact with the horse and allows the horse unrestricted movement. Fleece lined neoprene skirts are flexible, molding to your horse's shape and bending with your horse in the turns. For the rid…
1549 Lisa Lockhart Contender BarrelLearn More
This brand new design has Lisa's Flex2 tree with some eye-catching aesthetic upgrades. Rich Mahogany color showcases the brass spot trim around the skirts and cantle. The antique brass conchos pop! The faux chocolate elephant seat is unique, sophisticated touch to create a classy…
1651 Topeka Flex2® Trail SaddleLearn More
The 1651 Topeka Flex2® is a great choice for a trail saddle and a favorite among trail riders. The 3-way in-skirt rigging lets you choose which rigging position best suits your horse. Impact Foam™ in seat keeps you comfortable all day in the saddle. Available in regular or wide t…
1665 Pioneer Flex2® Trail SaddleLearn More
The 1665 Pioneer Flex2® is great choice for a trail saddle because of the close contact skirt shape for more precise cueing and frosted beaded conchos add great eye appeal. The 3-way inskirt rigging which lets you choose which rigging position best suits your horse, and ErgoBalan…
1752 Julie Goodnight MonarchLearn More
Ridden by trainer, clinician and TV host Julie Goodnight-this is her personal favorite for arena work and trail riding. Beautiful hand tooling and contrasting black seat and black strings make this one gorgeous saddle. With the Flex2 tree technology, it conforms to the horse's ba…
2775 – XP® Buckeye Roper SaddleLearn More
The XP® Ropers by Circle Y have fiberglass reinforced wood DURAhide trees that are backed by a LIFETIME warranty, are fully hand tooled with hand stitched bindings, and combine function with durability to provide you years of service. The Faux elephant double stitched seat is des…


text: A 2001 Pontiac Grand Am and a 2012 Nissan collided on Ohio 7 near the Hanover Street intersection in Martins Ferry on Sunday around 3:40 p.m. According to the incomplete report, the Nissan got into the turn lane to turn left onto Hanover Street. The Pontiac was on Ohio 7 and struck the Nisssan in the middle of the intersection. There were no injuries.


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Members of the media who wish to reach students, faculty, staff, or a spokesperson of the College, please email Media Relations or call 802-440-4399.
Bennington College
Office of Communications
One College Drive
Bennington, VT 05201-6003
Bennington faculty member Mary Lum has been awarded a 2010 Guggenheim Fellowship to support her ongoing work in the visual arts.
Lum, one of 180 Fellows chosen from some 3,000 artists, scientists, and scholars, plans to continue her work on Tracing The City, she says, "a drawing project that encompasses the experience of living in, wandering through, reading about, recording, and remembering the city."
A portion of the project, which she started as a 2004-05 Radcliffe Fellow at Harvard, was unveiled at her most recent exhibition, Edge Effects, at Galerie Susan Nielsen in Paris.
Since its establishment in 1925, the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation has granted more than $281 million in Fellowships to nearly 17,000 individuals. Fellows are appointed "on the basis of achievement and exceptional promise," the Foundation says, "to add to the educational, literary, artistic, and scientific power of this country, and also to provide for the cause of better international understanding."
For more on the Awards, click here.


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Macon's downtown district is full of great places to live, with lofts, homes, and sub-divided homes available for rent. View an alphabetical listing with contact information below.Begin Your Search
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Macon, Georgia's historic downtown district is an exciting and safe place to live, work, and play – it's walkable, bikeable, livable, and lovable. With excellent dining, historic architecture and museums, great parks, and lively entertainment venues, historic downtown Macon is the perfect place to call home.
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text:
Given a Dropbox folder which has many hidden deleted files/folder, currently I have to delete them manually sub folder by sub folder.
Is it possible to delete them all quickly?
To test your problem,
ALL folders/sub-folders within disappeared. I did all this from within the web interface.
If someone else can verify this behaviour, I'd be much obliged.
This ought to make your task easier.
Keyboard shortcut doesn't work. Most easy way: click sort all files by "Kind" column -> select range of all deleted files (click first, hold shift + click last in list). Then you can permanently delete them. If you don't select continuous range of files it doesn't show the "permanently delete" option.


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This event is mandatory for students participating in HRIP or on the HRIP waitlist. All students are welcome to attend. This lecture will survey the history of human rights and provide you with basic tools and a strong foundation to begin thinking critically about human rights issues. If you are in HRIP or on the HRIP waitlist and have a class conflict, you must email Ernesto Hernandez and Kiran Singh in advance of the lecture; otherwise, you will lose your eligibility to participate in HRIP.
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For questions or comments, please contact the web administrators.
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text: Off Roading in the Sand Hills I am the first person to proclaim that there is more to do in Kansas than the average visitor (or resident) is aware of. Such is the case with the Sand Hills in Syracuse. Here ... more Posted on August 30, 2012 10:45AM by Katy Ibsen


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Swarovski 3700 8mm Margarita Bead Amethyst AB
SWAROVSKI ELEMENTS's 3700 line is the definition of versatile. These precisely done Margarita beads are perfectly faceted and are a component that is to be used creatively. With the hole drilled through the center of this crystal bead, it can be used as a lovely spacer or as a dazzling sew-on component. We currently carry a vast selection of colors and sizes ranging from dainty to impressive. You cannot replicate the sheer beauty of SWAROVSKI ELEMENTS Austrian crystals. However you choose to use these margarita beads, rest assured that you are getting the highest quality possible. You are sure to find exactly the style you are looking for in the Artbeads.com SWAROVSKI ELEMENTS crystal section.
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November 10, 2012 9:00 a.m.- 4 p.m.
Early registration- ends October 10, 2012,
Regular registration – ends November 2, 2012. Fees from $17 – $35 depending upon age and date of registration.
Children in first through fifth grades are encouraged to attend the complementary program, Kids in the Book.
First United Methodist Church, Nacogdoches
For registration information, please visit www.fumcnac.org or call 936.564.8308.
Lunch is included with the cost of registration.
Learn how to pray and apply biblical principals in everyday life.