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Little economic justification for Jackson Lab subsidy
This is in response to Dr. Jeffrey W. Langsam's Jan. 23 op-ed column, "Jackson Lab an example of wise spending," in which he demonstrated civics and economics were not his majors in college.
Dr. Langsam wrote that we should support the spending of, by his numbers, $444 million in taxpayers' dollars to build a lab and fund subsidies to Jackson Lab to help it develop, let's see, genomic medicine. Jackson so far has produced nothing but thin air. And Gov. Dannel P. Malloy thinks $444 million for 300 new jobs is a great deal. Folks, that is $1.48 million per job. Absolutely outrageous. For $444 million, at approximately $60,000 per employee, I could create 26,400 jobs.
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subset: commoncrawl


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How about to be established a SUMO GAMES HALL OF FAME (similar to the Baseball , Footbal, Tennis etc.) and every year to be inducted 3 people (or more) to it by the votes of the peers.
Of course, a Committee should be formed, which to develop the rules, elligibility etc. but:
I'd like to nominate KOFUJI to be the first person inducted into the Sumo Games Hall of Fame.
I am pretty new to the Sumo games, but I was mesmerized by Kofuji's dedication to the Sumo games, not only as a player, but also as one of the co-founders, an extremely professional and an invaluable go-to-guy, when something goes wrong with the servers. And after I found out how sick he is and still he was taking care of the numerous glitches of the servers I am totally convinced that he deserves this nomination. I am pretty sure that everybody won't hesitate to vote for him to become the First Member of the Sumo Games Hall of Fame (of course if you support my idea to establish such).
I'd greatly appreciate your oppinion on this suggestion.
Best Regards,
Angel "Achiyama" Stoyanov
Edited by Achiyama, 13 January 2012 - 18:52.


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NH lawmakers float idea of $10 canoe, kayak fee to fund Fish and Game nannying
CONCORD, N.H. (AP) — A legislative study group is floating the idea of imposing fees on canoes and kayaks in New Hampshire, but some lawmakers say the plan would sink like a stone.
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Five buildings make up Cliff Cottage Inn – Luxury B&B Suites and Historic Cottages. For your getaway to Eureka Springs, choose from luxury suites in CLIFF COTTAGE, THE PLACE NEXT DOOR and THE ARTIST'S COTTAGE, or the stand-alone OSCAR WILDE'S COTTAGE or ZELDA'S STUDIO. All suites and the individual cottage and studio have:
- Jacuzzis for 2 in suites; outdoor private hot tubs at the cottage and studio
- Refrigerators with complimentary Champagne, white wine, or sparkling juice, sodas
- Coffeemakers with imported teas, coffee, chai and hot chocolate
- A full-gourmet breakfast delivered by the Inn's "elf" to suites only
- Individual stand-alone accommodations and some suites feature fireplaces
CLIFF COTTAGE SUITES (Sarah Bernhardt Suite and Alfred, Lord Tennyson Suite)
THE PLACE NEXT DOOR SUITES (Colette's Mini-Suite and Thoreau's Suite)
What most think is a restored historic home is actually the design of Innkeeper Sandra upon her arrival in Arkansas in 1992 after a 7-year Pacific sailing adventure! This Victorian replica's understated lines lets next-door's Cliff Cottage shine. The cathedral-ceilinged Great Room plays host to small weddings. Outside, a serene koi pond sets a relaxing mood for arriving guests.
THE ARTIST'S COTTAGE (Robert Louis Stevenson Suite and Emily Dickinson Suite)
[Read More…]
Suites, cottage and studio accommodate 2 adults only. The two suites in historic Cliff Cottage are ideal for two couples traveling together or gals coming for a shopping/spa getaway as the suites' two living rooms have connecting doors between them, and the guests then have the entire cottage to themselves.King beds are featured in all suites in Cliff Cottage, The Artist's Cottage, and in Zelda's Studio. Oscar Wilde's Cottage and the suites in The Place Next Door have queen beds.Non-Smoking comfort can be found in The Artist's Cottage suites, Oscar Wilde's Cottage and Zelda's: smoking is not permitted at all on these properties, indoors or outside anywhere. Smoking is not permitted INSIDE in Cliff Cottage and The Place Next Door; however guests may discreetly smoke on balconies or decks of those two properties. Cigars or pipes are not allowed at any of the Inn properties.
Cliff Cottage Inn – Luxury B&B Suites and Historic Cottages is the perfect place to stay in Eureka Springs during any season. The Inn is especially lovely in Autumn when the surrounding hardwood trees paint the scenery and seasonal plantings highlight the gardens. Winter paints a pristine picture when an occasional light dusting of snow blankets the area. Springtime brings redbuds and dogwoods whose gorgeous blooms create a magical lacy pink-and-white canopy around the Inn. The in-town location makes Cliff Cottage Inn the perfect place to stay when it snows as it is just a short walk to all the shops and eateries.
Here's what an Arkansas newspaper outdoors editor had to say about Eureka Springs in Winter: "While the area is beautiful year-round, Cliff Cottage is especially stunning during the winter months. The trees' loss of leaves makes viewing natural rock formations and wildlife even easier. Bald eagles can be observed in their winter habitat on nearby Kings River and just 20 minutes out of town at Lake Leatherwood. As many as 30 birds have been spotted at one time. Elk can be seen grazing all winter long just a short drive away in Boxley Valley on the Buffalo River. Hiking trails of varying lengths and difficulty criss-cross the area, providing visitors with the best possible venue for viewing and photographing the region's beautiful waterfalls and bluffs."
A number of fairs and festivals come to town during the Spring, Summer and Fall, providing additional options for entertainment, food, and shopping.
Come to Cliff Cottage Inn – Luxury B&B Suites and Historic Cottages for your small Elopement Wedding, a service the inn provides for overnight guests only, for the couple and a maximum of four guests. Vow Renewals, Commitment Ceremonies, and other intimate gatherings are welcome! The Inn's Great Room, our gardens, and a secluded deck against the rock bluff are our most popular locations for these special times in your lives.
APPROXIMATE DRIVING TIMES TO CLIFF COTTAGE INN – Luxury B&B Suites and Historic Cottages:
From Tulsa, OK: 3 hours St. Louis, MO: 5 hours
Oklahoma City: 4½ – 5 hours Memphis, TN: 5½ hours
Springfield, MO: 2 hours Dallas, TX: 6½ hours
Kansas City, MO: 4 hours Branson, MO: 1 hour
Joplin, MO: 2 hours Passion Play: 6 minutes
Sandra purchased the Cliff Cottage property in 1992, and while building The Place Next Door, she discovered her first cave behind Cliff Cottage carved deeply into the three-story rock bluff. Realizing that the cave maintained a 52-degree temperature throughout the year, the optimal temperature for wine, she immediately decided to convert it into a wine cave. While cleaning out the debris inside, "… I discovered where hippies living on the property in the past had been growing you-know-what in the cave! No wonder the sheriff's helicopter went over the inn every Thursday right after his lunch years ago when I was building that house with the helicopter door open and some sort of device aimed in the direction of my cave….until he realized hippies no longer lived there and he stopped his weekly fly-bys. I was disappointed as I then had to buy a watch – I had been counting on his 1pm "visits" for so long, that I hadn't had need of a watch!" Considering that Cliff Cottage was once the residence of Eureka Springs' first Mayor, who knows what other secrets of the past these age-old bluffs might hold!
When Innkeeper Sandra purchased the old Humane Society thrift store property next door to Cliff Cottage in 2003, she discovered a cave behind some storage sheds on the property. Much to her surprise, this cave became a gushing waterfall that flooded the yard after the next big rain: she found out she had "inherited" a spring!
While cleaning up the mess after the first flood, she discovered that a channel had been built into the rock bluff under the spring that had been blocked by decades of debris. Once cleared, this channel guided the water away from the yard. Of course, this created yet another dilemma, as the water was now being siphoned to a two-story building that she wanted to restore for a lodging accommodation. Underneath this building, the limestone was unyielding. The only solution was to let the channel run under part of the building to be drained into the new sewer line. This part of the building happened to be the future location for the studio's bathroom, so she toyed with the idea of a glass-floor so guests could see the water and maybe even some fish floating by, but her carpenter talked her out of it.
Sandra recruited help with the cave's clean-out from a friend who happened to be a retired psychiatrist and master gardener in her '70s! After removing about 18 inches of dirt, the two discovered pipes between the cave and the house (now The Artist's Cottage), and other then-unrecognizable contraptions in the cave. Figuring a plumber would know about the pipes, she inquired… and found out that the cave, with gas lines leading to it from the house, had hosted a still in its colorful past!
Visit our Innkeeper Blog to learn even more about the Cliff Cottage Inn – Luxury B&B Suites and Historic Cottages.
Sandra CH Smith, retired journalist/current author and actor, arrived in Eureka Springs in 1992 after spending seven years sailing alone from San Francisco to 1837 miles off the Galapagos and near Easter Island in her Ericson 35 sailboat. She added to her life-long collection of European treasures, bringing back not only art treasures and artifacts from Mexico and Central America which adorn the inn, but also a sense of serene timelessness which sets the mood for guests at Cliff Cottage Inn.
No newcomer to Bed & Breakfasts, Sandra stayed in many during years of travel abroad and opened Philadelphia's very first B&B in 1978 when she was a starving poet reciting her verses to jazz on a weekly radio show, appearing with the Philadelphia Opera and other theater companies, and existing on a steady diet of raisins and peanuts!
An accomplished chef, Sandra learned to cook on an 18th-Century wood-burning stove in the south of France after receiving degrees from the University of Grenoble and of Aix-en-Provence. Her cuisine also reflects the tastes of Scotland where she studied as a child, and manages to include a hint of the tropical flavors she learned to love while living in Jamaica and traveling around the Caribbean. She has been a guest chef on a CBS-TV cooking show and her cookbook-memoir, "A Cook's Tour of Epicuria – One Woman's Adventures" has become a very popular souvenir for guests to take home as a memento of their visit. (Her book is available by mail-order…just call the inn, 479-253-7409.)
Sandra began her love affair with the Ozarks and specifically, Eureka Springs, from the moment she arrived….she had sold her boat in Puerto Vallarta and become a landlubber after a near fatal accident at sea off Guatemala. While trying to save her boat from sinking after a temporary crewmember fell asleep at the helm and broke the boom off, she got the "message" to "Go to Arkansas!" While the young crewman lay huddled on the floor, paralyzed by fear, it took Sandra over 4 hours to right the boat and she has since learned from a guest who himself, was an ocean sailor, that this was something of a miracle. The designer of her Ericson 35, Bruce King, lost his boat and entire crew in a similar accident on the way back from a California-Mexico race.
While sitting in a cafe in Puerto Vallarta trying to figure out what to do with the rest of her life, Sandra met some fellows from Springfield, MO and told them she was going to Arkansas in a few days and was that anywhere near Missouri (she had no clue where Arkansas was located!) They said it was one state away and suggested she go to Eureka Springs…."there are people like you up there!" (She didn't know if this was an insult or a compliment, but decided to make her way to Eureka Springs and she has been here ever since!)
Sandra's favorite pastime (besides cooking) is sharing her enthusiasm for the surroundings with her guests. On cool summer evenings or brisk winter nights, she may be inspired to share her sea stories with guests. (While sailing alone, she created the "As the Anchor Drags Radio Show", reading poetry and stories on the air to hundreds of Pacific boaters and landlubbers with VHF radios and managed to read on her radio program the entire book, Treasure Island, while hanging out in a hurricane hole in the Sea of Cortez.)
Sandra met Carl Rohne (from St. Louis), and they were married in 2010 at the Missouri Botanical Gardens. They took a 38,000-mile honeymoon in their RV traveling across Canada then up to the Arctic Ocean and down to the tip of the Baja. Carl loves his new role as elf-apprentice. His widely varied background from medievalist with a Ph.D. in European Medieval HIstory, to marketing to real estate makes him well-suited for his new career as inn greeter and chief elf.
Keeping an inn certainly isn't what it once was. Sandra's article "The Good Old Days of Bed and Breakfasting" at Guidebook America provides an anecdotal account of the early days of inn keeping and is well worth a read!
Innkeeper Sandra's 265-page cookbook-memoir, A COOK'S TOUR OF EPICURIA…ONE WOMAN'S ADVENTURES, with 16 full-page photographs from her various adventures, is filled with her original recipes and many anecdotal stories of her life-time of travel. The perfect gift for that diva/divo in your life! Order by mail order from email@example.com or call 479-253-7409 to order. $24.95+$4 s/h. (not available to the Inn's competitors)
BEST B&B BREAKFAST 2013 (mikesroadtrip.com):
"In addition to the wonderful accommodations is one of the coolest small towns (Eureka Springs, Arkansas) I visited this year, Cliff Cottage Inn offers its guests a breakfast you'll not soon forget. Breakfast is brought to your suite each morning and served on your own private porch. The breakfast creations are a work of art, from lemon-orange soufflé, pork medallion with nature grazed chutney, French fennel potatoes and a Eureka Springs bug cake (pastry). Oh, and it's served on a formal silver platter with fresh OJ and sparkling wine…makes ya feel a bit like an aristocrat."
Cliff Cottage Inn headed 417 Magazine's recent "Romantic Getaway" List.
Cliff Cottage is listed in Romantic Destinations Magazine (published by Southern Bride) as one of six "Most Romantic Inns of the South" along with other prestigious inns in South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee and Kentucky. Click here and read what they said about Cliff Cottage Inn's Oscar Wilde's Cottage!
CHEF OF THE MONTH: CBS-affiliate KFSM TV 5 recently featured Sandra as a "Chef of the Month," allowing her to demonstrate one of her delicious breakfast recipes featured in her cookbook A Cook's Tour of Epicuria — One Woman's Adventures, which features recipes for the most ardent of culinary experts, stories of her travels, and photos from her adventures. Her book is available for purchase at the Inn or by mail order from the inn, 479-253-7409 or from Amazon.Com.
From BNBFINDER.COM, Cliff Cottage Inn has been named two years in a row as "Guests Most Favorite Inn".
From TRIPADVISOR, Cliff Cottage Inn was named "#1 Most Popular B&B in Eureka Springs" and the Inn has received TripAdvisor's "Award of Excellence" three years in a row and is the first lodging establishment in Eureka Springs to receive its "GreenLeader" designation. There are over 270 and climbing five-star reviews of the Inn on TripAdvisor
From Eureka Springs Preservation Society, the Inn received a Best Preservation of the Year Award and from the Eureka Springs Garden Society, its "Gardens of the Year" Award. The Inn was also featured on the Eureka Springs Historical Society's annual Tour of Victorian Homes.
The Arkansas Democrat Gazette featured Cliff Cottage Inn in a travel article saying, "Cliff Cottage Inn gives couples a chance to reconnect with each other…from fueling the fiery romance of the newly married to reviving the romance in enduring relationships."
Southern Living Magazine, in an article on Eureka Springs, said, "Cliff Cottage Inn's breakfasts are not to be missed!"


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7 Insane Ways Music Affects The Body (According to Science)
#3. Return Lost Memories
If you want music to help you but refuse to stop smoking pot, perhaps you can at least remember where you put your car keys. Or, more applicably, if you have Alzheimer's it could help you remember pieces of your past.
Medical practitioners have found that music shows the potential to unearth memories associated with music for patients, even ones in late stages of dementia. So if you had your first kiss to the dulcet tones of Jefferson Starship, their terrible, terrible music could bring that memory right back for you.
How Does it Work?
Listening to music engages many areas of the brain in both hemispheres, which is why it can create brain activity other methods, like conversation, can't. Another area it engages is the hippocampus, which would be a hilarious name for a school for aquatic mammals but in reality is the less impressive region of the brain which handles long-term memory storage.
When you listen to music you know, feelings associated with the song are returned by the hippocampus. Sometimes the memories even manage to come along with the relevant feelings, so hopefully no music was playing the first time anyone ever kicked you in the junk. Even if memories aren't recovered, emotions and attitudes are, allowing people who can't even remember who they are from day to day or why they loathe the FOX network so much to at least laugh and sing along with off key hopefuls on American Idol.
#2. Increase Spatial Reasoning
If only there were some way to make yourself seem smarter without working. Oh, wait, there is. Mozart music, especially piano music, can raise your spatial reasoning the equivalent of nine IQ points. And that's an average, meaning there are people who get even more of a boost from it. That's over half a standard deviation or the difference between being Leonardo DiCaprio in What's Eating Gilbert Grape or Leonardo DiCaprio in Titanic. Sure, you're not winning a Nobel Prize either way, but it's still a noticeable difference.
How Does it Work?
There are a lot of theories, but some claim that Mozart's music focuses the listener more, like how if you're in the midst of your sixth hour of questing in World of Warcraft you can still rain holy hell down on Hogger as long as you're listening to Ace of Spades. Others say it increases activity in crucial regions of the brain and a few industrious types say "who cares why it works, how can we make money off of this?"
#1. Cure Parkinson's
At this point, you may be asking, "Sure, music can fix my brain, but can it fix my body?" which would indicate you expect entirely too much from iTunes. No amount of power ballads is going to cure your heartburn or trim a few pounds off anyone's overly-gelatinous ass. However, if you have Parkinson's disease, it just might be able to help. Victims of Parkinson's suffer from muscle spasms, locking muscles, balance problems and sketchy scientists with kick ass time machines. As it turns out, applying music can instantly resolve the physical issues of Parkinson's in many victims.
Take Rande Gedaliah, who was diagnosed with Parkinson's in 2003 and found she had muscle spasms, balance problems and difficulty walking. The disease eventually led to a serious fall in the shower. Things were looking pretty grim until one day she found out she could listen to music and suddenly be able to move with ease, the type of music determining the speed she walks at. We Are the Champions let her walk a slow clip and Born in the USA made her move faster still. Anything by Nickelback sent her spiraling into a rage.
Ancient warriors listened to their Nickelback equivalent, thrashing and scraping bones on rocks,
to produce a similar effect before combat.
How Does it Work?
When you're locked in your room, listening to your old N'Sync CDs, have you ever noticed your foot tapping on its own? That's not just because you have terrible taste in music. It's because the portions of the brain which deal with rhythm and movement are so automated that it requires no conscious attention to move to a beat. It's like your brain going behind your back to get things done because it knows it can't rely on you to bust an appropriate move when you hear "Bye Bye Bye."
This movement isn't handled by the same process as walking up the stairs or hilariously farting with your armpit. Suddenly, patients with bradykinesia--an inability to initiate movement--can move instantly as their brain interprets the music and sends movement signals to their legs, essentially tricking their bodies into moving. We'll say that again for you: Music can trick your broken, unresponsive body into obedience. Think about it: How many times have you thrown your hands in the air? When that happened, did you just not care? Science says that's because you had no control.
Music also helps other Parkinson's-related issues, including loss of balance and spasms. It's also been found that playing music creates an improvement in people with the disease, and drum circles are being used as treatment in music therapy groups, presumably because drums are cheaper than fancy-ass medical equipment, anyway.
When hippies become doctors.
Do you have something funny to say about a random topic? You could be on the front page of Cracked.com tomorrow. Go here and find out how to create a Topic Page.
For more things science is scratching its head about, check out 6 Things Your Body Does Every Day That Science Can't Explain. Or find out why you should punch your body right now, in Your Body Hates You: 6 Gruesome Disorders Anyone Can Get.
And stop by our Top Picks (Updated 2.5.2010) to see how music affects us in our pants.
And don't forget to follow us on Facebook and Twitter to get dick jokes sent straight to your news feed.


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Bug a friend or loved one, to let them know you are thinking about them with this cute...
A beautiful visual with a beautiful message.
Send this adorable pink bug to let your friends or family know you are thinking of...
Put a smile on someone's face and send your get well soon wishes with this card.
Make someone feel better by sending this cute get well card.
Send this sweet and touching ecard to let your friend or family member know you think...
A nice caring ecard...
Let your loved ones know that they are always in your thoughts.
Send this to someone whom you miss dearly.
Send cheerful butterflies and lovely flowers to wish get well.
A cute ecard that's sure to put him/ her on cloud nine.
Make someone feel better with this cute get well card.
I love you dear.
Make her day by letting her know how much you think of her.
Send these cute teddy bears along with your 'miss you' message.
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Update: Significantly simplified and focused the question.
I struggle with managing my GTD project files because they contain a mix of electronic and paper-based/physical stuff. Some projects are basically all paper, some are all-electronic, and some are a mix of both.
- What kind of project tracking system/method will help me manage projects regardless of the media?
- Should I consider always keeping my future actions in an electronic format, even if all the other project information is paper-based?
- It's not possible for me to scan or digitize the paper and much of this data can't go in the cloud for security and other reasons).
- I use a fully-electronic, task management system for my GTD lists: next action contexts, waiting for, someday/maybe, etc.


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The Spaniard takes his side to Old Trafford for a FA Cup quarter-final and is under no illusions as to the size of the task ahead of Sunday's heavyweight encounterChelsea boss Rafa Benitez has admitted that Manchester United have a better range of attacking options ahead of their FA Cup quarter-final on Sunday.
The 52-year-old has called on his players to work as a unit in order to progress to the semi-finals but is well aware that they go into the game at Old Trafford as the underdogs.
|Chelsea are 6/1 to win the FA Cup with BetVictor
"It will be a tough game against a good team who are top of the table," he told the club's official website.
"It's an away game for us, so we know it will be difficult but we are confident we can go through.
"If you analyse the squad they have, they have four strikers and two players in each position that could play for any team. They have a strong squad and even when they make changes they keep the quality.
"In attack, they have Chicharito, [Danny] Welbeck, [Wayne] Rooney and [Robin] van Persie, and they can play any of them.
"If you look at the players they have in wide areas and in the middle, especially if they are winning, in the last 20 minutes they still have players like [Ryan] Giggs and [Paul] Scholes to bring on."
Ramires, Victor Moses and Ashley Cole were all rested for Chelsea's game against Steaua midweek and Benitez is hoping their reintroduction will reinvigorate the side after a 1-0 loss in Romania.
"It's an important competition which Chelsea have done very well in, so hopefully we can carry on," said the Spaniard.
"The good thing is that we have another game so soon after a defeat, hopefully we can do better and win, and we will have five or six players with fresh legs."


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For the hydrogen atom, if $$\int |u|^2 ~dx = 1,$$ at $t = 0$, I am trying to show that this is true at all later times.
What I need help is with differentiating the integral with respect to $t$, and taking care about the solution being complex valued. Except that my notation is getting me mixed up. I think this might get me there.
Following Ben's hint, here is what I have:
- Change $|u|^ 2$ into $u^* u$.
- Bring the derivative inside the integral.
- Apply the product rule.
- Apply the Schrödinger equation and try to show that the result is zero.
$$\int u^* u ~dx = 1 $$
and to bring the derivative inside the integral, isn't $dx$ already inside?
From Schrödinger equation I have:
$$-i\hslash u_t = \sum_{i=1}^n \frac{\hslash^2}{2m_i}(u_{x_i x_i} + u_{y_i y_i} + u_{z_i z_i}) + V(x_1,\ldots,z_n)u$$
for $n$ particles and the potential would $V$ depend on all of the $3n$ coordinates.
I'm not sure how to extend it to even 2 dimensions with the notation below


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Lambda Legal in the HamptonsJuly 30, 2016
5:00pm - 8:00pmHome of Joe Hall & Martin DagataEast Hampton, NY
NOTE: Advance online tickets have ended. A limited number of tickets will be available at the door starting at 5:00PM. Individual tickets are $200. For more information, please contact Sally Troncoso. Thank You!
Lambda Legal in Orange CountyJuly 31, 2016
11:00am - 1:00pmHome of Stephen Hicklin & Phillip HillenbrandSanta Ana, CA 92706
Join us for our annual event in Santa Ana, hosted at the beautiful home of Stephen Hicklin and Phillip Hillenbrand. Enjoy delicious brunch and cocktails with fellow Lambda supporters, and hear an exclusive update on our exciting work. Featured speaker to be announced soon.
LGBT Undocumented Californians and the DACA programAugust 2, 2016
Join National Immigration Law Center, Equality California Institute (EQCAI) and Lambda Legal to learn more about the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, which provides temporary protection from deportation, and other immigration options, like U visas, that could benefit LGBT undocumented Californians. We will also provide information on LGBT cultural competency.
Seattle Garden PartyAugust 4, 2016
5:30pm - 8:00pmHome of Susan and Eric BensonSeattle, WA
Join the Seattle Leadership Committee and fellow Lambda Legal supporters for a beautiful garden party where we will discuss the challenges that lie ahead for us - working to combat anti-LGBT legislation, particularly those targeting our trans community, bad religious bills, and fair health provisions for all.
Northalsted Market DaysAugust 13, 2016 - August 14, 2016
All DayChicago, ILFree
Lambda Legal is delighted to be in Chicago for Northalsted Market Days on August 13th and August 14th.
Please join us for an hour or two to help raise awareness about Lambda and our work.
The Landmark DinnerAugust 13, 2016 - August 14, 2016
6:00pm - 2:00amThe Adolphus Hotel1321 Commerce StreetDallas, TX
The Landmark Dinner is Dallas' signature event that brings together the LGBT community with our friends, allies and community leaders to celebrate our successes, reflect on the incredible cases that have changed lives and communities, and raise critical funds to support Lambda Legal's ground breaking civil rights work.
Lambda Legal in Santa FeAugust 26, 2016
5:30pm - 7:30pmHome of Douglas Howe and Richard DepippoSanta Fe, NM 87501
Since our triumph in establishing marriage equality nationwide just one year ago, more than 200 anti-LGBT bills have been introduced in states and cities across the country. These bills, and the violence of Orlando, are sobering reminders that Lambda Legal's work is far from over.
Into the WoodsAugust 27, 2016
6:00amHome of Leo G. Aubel and Aaron J. DennisonThree Oaks, MI 49128
Save the Date for our annual adventure Into the Woods for a summer evening supporting Lambda Legal and civil rights.
Atlanta Black PrideSeptember 3, 2016 - September 4, 2016
All DayAtlanta, GAFree
Lambda Legal is delighted to be in Atlanta for Atlanta Pride on September 3rd and September 4th.
Please join us for an hour or two to help raise awareness about Lambda and our work.
LA Women's Summer SoiréeSeptember 10, 2016
4:00pm - 6:00pmHome of Laura Brill and Ellen EvansAddress Upon RSVPLos Angeles, CA 90069
Come network with like-minded women at our Los Angeles Women's Summer Soiree. Join us for an afternoon of cocktails, hors d'oeuvres, and an exclusive update on Lambda Legal's critical ongoing work in California and around the country. Although this event aspires to bring women together, everyone is welcome to attend!


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I know from my other question that each bag of fertilizer can only be used on one crop, and that it takes multiple bags of fertilizer to raise a star level, but I'm looking for a more in-depth analysis to the relationship between crop level, sell price, and fertilizer. I don't want to use bags of fertilizer on a crop if the cost of the fertilizer outweighs the sell price of my crop.
Surprisingly, the number of bags required changes from star to star. To hit 1-star, all you need is one bag. Hence the big jump at 1-star.
I've found a complete set of crop values, and based some information off of @Krazer's answer. I've also made some other observations that need to be made note of:
In-Depth Analysis
As part of figuring out this data, I also had to figure out the thresholds as to where the crop increase was. To that end:
Surprisingly, each crop requires the same amount of Fertilizer to increase quality. I tested the fast-growing (for Summer) Onions, and the slow-growing Sunflowers. It didn't matter. They all took the same amount of fertilizer.
The other thing to make note of is the Tomatoes; their quality continually increases, making it easy to increase regrowable crop's quality.
Fertilizing for profit
And now for the interesting info. I took the base shipping values (ie. no branding) of these crops, and determined how much profit you'd be making by increasing the quality.
Now, this chart makes some assumptions:
I had to remove the more profitable crops, as they were skewing the values drastically; all those lines became REALLY flat.
As you can see, fertilizer is a massive money-losing operation. If your goal is to maximise your crop profits in the short term, stay away from fertilizer. Completely. Don't even look at it. It's too expensive, and the gains do not make up for the cost. Not even regrowable crops make more; the cost to increase the quality is too high.
As you can see, to actually make MORE money through fertilization requires regrowable crops. The only non-regrowable crops that turn a profit with fertilization are Blue Roses and Watermelons, and that's because they're worth a whopping 2100G & 2500G, respectively.
"But what about branded crops? They ship for more! Is it worth it then?" I'm glad you asked, faceless random person! Take a look at this:
The same assumptions as the previous graph apply.
I removed the more profitable crops again, as they completely skewed the values even WORSE.
The values provided here are the doubled ship price. As you can see, with luxury branded crops, you have a MUCH better chance to at least break even. The only crops to NOT break even past 1-star are Turnips and Radishes.
At the beginning of the game, you won't have access to the crops that make fertilization profitable; you're stuck with the lowest priced crops, and for those, fertilizer is a massive money sink. Once you get crops worth as much or above the listed prices, though, that's when the money train REALLY starts moving.
Where fertilizing DOES come into play early on is for crop festivals and the Seed-Maker. The crop festivals increase your brand (and ship price, permanently), and the Seed-Maker effectively sets your base crop quality at whatever you got it to. Eventually, the Seed-Maker can ensure you just have 5-star crops, and Fertilizer becomes a moot point entirely. Until then, though, it's a massive money sink.
Every half star requires 30 points. The seeds you buy at the store start at 30 so you only need 1 fertilizer to reach 1 star. At the beginning a fertilizer will give 5 points, but that decreases as you go higher.
Basically, there are star points and star ratings. Star rating are what you actually see.
Since each seed bought for the General Store starts at 30 star points when planted. The max is 300. Assuming seeds start at start at 1 star point.
Each 0.5 star rating equals exactly 30 star points. 1-30 is 0.5 stars.
Assuming the margins are correct each day you fertilize a crop, it raises by 5-3 star points (diminishes as you reach higher star ratings).
This is based on evidence that it takes:
See compiled data here.
It seems that once you reach a 5 star rating, you can still keep fertilizing, but at a much diminished rate (1 star point/fertilizer?). The only advantage to continue fertilizing if to prevent your star rating from dropping due to a storm (e.g., typhoon, blizzard).
The money you earn for shipping crops will be affected by your crop brand. If you have won a Harvest Festival then the profit you earn will increase by 120%, 150%, or 200% more depending on the rank of your brand.
Participating in the seasonal contests will increase your friendship points (FP) with the villagers and some of the festivals will also affect the cost of the goods you ship. Nine of the festivals will impact your brand associated with the profit you earn from twelve categories of items. You can find your branding by checking the bookshelf inside your farmhouse and selecting the first menu option, Assets, and then looking on the bottom screen.
The difference between each star rating per crop for any sized crop (or seed) is one-third (~33%) of the value of the 1-star crop (use for Price calculation).
Prices and calculation based on shipping profits of crops I had in storage.
So the difference between a normal 1-star (450g) and 2-star (600g) Cabbage is 150g. The value of a 5-star Cabbage (1050g) is 150 * 4 + 450g = 1050g.
You can use the fertilizer on regrowing plants. Just fertilize every day, and when harvest time comes, pick the produce first then fertilize as normal. This will help raise the level of the crop.
A crop's star rating will not drop if you stop fertilizing it. But it will drop if it was affected by a storm (typhoon/blizzard).
When you're starting out, it's best to just use fertilizer on two to four (or just one out of a batch of) crops to improve it's star rating as high as you can and store them in you refrigerator. Once you get the Seed Maker (once you get to Fall of Year 1. Rebecca sells the blueprints for the Maker Shed. Once you build it, you can buy the blueprints for the Seed Maker), you can convert any crop into seeds (one crop = one bag of seed), and continue fertilizing and improving it's star rating.
The main reasons for fertilizing are for either raising star rating to win festivals or for converting crops to seeds using in the Seed Maker. You won't be selling a fertilized crop so that is why you just need to fertilize a few crops out of a batch.
The seed maker gives a certain star point bonus, as I believe it rounds up.
This means if you're at a high 4 star rated crop (halfway between 4 and 4.5) with the star point bonus you might end up with a low 5 star rated (halfway between 4.5 and 5) seed.
It is also the ONLY way to get a crop (excluding fruit trees) that can win the Advanced Class Crop Festival.
Also once you max out the star rating in a crop, you can't fertilize them anymore.
As your star rating of your seeds increases the chances of growing an oversized crops also increases.
The chance of a Big crop (worth 8 times the amount of a regular crop) occurring is:
In addition to Big crops, there is also a chance the Giant crops (worth 15 times a regular crop), but you won't see those until you've harvested at least 50 Big crops and use a seed with a star rating of at least 3.
The best way to raise the star level of one-time crops is to put them in a gravel field, water once every other day (when gray and wilty), and fertilize every day. This way it takes longer to harvest and give you more time to improve it's star rating.
With crops that regrow you should put in the best soil possible, water twice a day, and fertilize everyday. (Remember: When you get a harvest day, make sure to do the harvesting BEFORE you fertilize).
To make money on the side you can sell all fish you get (keep some cheap ones as gifts for Hana) and you can sell the coins (keep shiny if you want gifts for Tina). Definitely keep the bottles as you will need 25 to build all the makers (e.g., the Seed Maker). Sell all bugs (keep some cheap butterflies for Aaron and dragonflies for the Innkeeper's kid).
Go foraging for items and keep whatever you find (you can sell the mushrooms). The herbs you find can go into making Herb Soup which is the best gift for Yuri and a great gift for Allen.
Remember to cook all crops and fish before you ship them. You get more money that way. E.g., making pudding requires just milk and eggs and is worth more than the individual value of each combined.


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Under This Unbroken Sky (Paperback)
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September 2009 Indie Next List
"Set in 1938 in the unforgiving northern Canadian prairie, this debut novel is the story of a Ukrainian immigrant and his family, who find another ruthless war to fight. Mitchell weaves a haunting debut story with characters that sit in your soul, poignantly exposing their love and betrayal, strength and frailty. A stellar piece of storytelling that has you from beginning to end."
— Helen Markus, HearthFire Books of Evergreen, Evergreen, CO
Spring 1938. After nearly two years in prison for the crime of stealing his own grain, Ukrainian immigrant Teodor Mykolayenko is a free man. While he was gone, his wife, Maria; their five children; and his sister, Anna, struggled to survive on the harsh northern Canadian prairie, but now Teodor a man who has overcome drought, starvation, and Stalin's purges is determined to make a better life for them. But the family's hopes and newfound happiness are short-lived when Anna's rogue husband, the arrogant and scheming Stefan, unexpectedly returns, stirring up rancor and discord that will end in violence and tragedy.
Shandi Mitchell has woven an unbearably suspenseful story, rich with fiery conflict, written in a language of luminous beauty and clarity.
About the Author
Shandi Mitchell is an award-winning Canadian filmmaker and screenwriter. She spent her childhood on a military base on the prairies and now makes her home in Nova Scotia with her husband, Alan, and their dog, Annie. Under This Unbroken Sky is her first novel.
Praise For…
"A magnificent novel. . . . A powerhouse of a debut that grips from start to finish."
-Steven Galloway, author of the The Cellist of Sarajevo
"Unforgettable. . . . Mitchell's extraordinary rendering of human suffering is matched by her ability to give powerful imaginative shape to the will to survive, to care for others, and to forgive the most brutal of trespasses."
-Janice Kulyk Keefer, author of The Ladies' Lending Library
"Remarkable. . . . Mitchell's harrowing story delivers an unforgettable literary tribute to an immigrant people and their struggle. The lyrical style, the riveting historical material, and the treatment of prejudice make the novel a great book-club choice."
-Booklist (starred review)
"[An] unflinching debut. . . . There's a love for the land and the immigrant spirit throughout the book. This is one of the finest novels I have read this year—a lyrical, evocative tale of pioneer life from an immensely talented debut author."
-Historical Novels Review
"Utterly gripping. Epic in scope, this tale of family feuds, violence and hardship follows the fortunes of Theo Mykolayenko, a Ukrainian survivor of Stalin's labour camps who starts a new life in the harsh Canadian Prairies. . . . Beautifully pitched and unsentimental in execution. Brilliant."
-Marie Claire (UK)


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text: Avoiding Carbon Monoxide Poisoning By Gene Worth MD January 18, 2013 It can take more than 24 hours for carbon monoxide in the bloodstream to expire. That can be made much shorter by breathing pure oxygen, and much much shorter with oxygen therapy in a hyperbaric chamber like this one. Carbon monoxide is especially dangerous because it is colorless, tasteless, and odorless. Poisonings and deaths are on the rise. Read More


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10 Stress-Busting Tips from Moms Like You
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Take a Day Off
Whether you stay at home or work outside the home, when is the last time you took a mental health day? Leave the kids with a relative or sitter for the day or take a personal day from work you never get time to yourself. Scout out a shoe sale, see a chick flick alone, buy yourself fresh flowers, or even take a nap make your day off really count!
One mom says: "Sometimes it's just plain OK to put the kids in daycare or have the sitter come so you can spend the day in the bookstore or shopping. It certainly won't harm the kids. It really helps you be a better parent when you get some alone time. You don't feel resentful. DON'T FEEL GUILTY!!!"
More on: Mom's Health and Fitness


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I noticed that sometimes certain finals in Chinese sound differently when combined with different initials. For e.g., what is spelled "u" sometimes is pronounced "ü". Other times, I think the final "i" sounds differently when combined with different initials. Is there a list of rules explaining all of these differences within standard Mandarin?
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The pronunciations of finals do not change when used after different finals, with perhaps only one exception: 'i'. It has three variations: 'zi ci si', 'zhi chi shi ri', and all others.
NOTE: Not many Chinese know the differences, but you can compare:
The three english /ee/ in the above word are the same, but the three Chinese i are all different.
However, the spellings of the finals do change when used after different initials. The details can be found in 汉语拼音方案 (the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet), which is the official standard for Chinese pinyin.
For the example mentioned by the OP, 'ü' will be written as 'u' after 'j' 'q' and 'x'. ('u' will never be used after 'j' 'q' or 'x')
NOTE2: I don't know whether the full detail of the scheme is appropriate for beginners. There are two links in Chinese: 汉典 BaiduBaike
I think one of the reasons is the loss of tone and/or stress in the syllable. But see this table, "Chinese (Mandarin)/Pronunciation of Finals", it provides a good summary of the changes.
One of the easiest ways to hear the different pinyin sounds is to look on YouTube. The trickiest ones for me to learn were the different pronunciations of "i". Here are some videos that explain the differences:
There are lots more YouTube videos about pinyin sounds.
There's also a good chart at pinyin.com with all the changes described. This table at quickmandarin.com will play the sounds for you if you click on one of them. It covers the tones as well.
'U' is pronounced 'Ü' with the initials J, Q, X and the pseudo-initial 'Y'. Otherwise it is always pronounced 'U'.
Something that might help one remember it, is that J, Q and X are also pronounced with the same tongue-position but with slightly varying flow of air. So J, Q and X are basically one pronunciation.
I like to think that the inventors of pinyin wanted to save some trouble, and decided to spare the writers of pinyin the hassle (and ink) of writing the umlaut above the 'U', when it is not absolutely necessary. (It does pose a challenge for learners though).
Some pinyin charts can help you remember it by visualization. On the chart below you'll see the 'Ü' pronunciation is grouped regardless of how it is written ('Ü' or not)
My mothertongue teacher suggested the following "Pinyin false friends list". She spoke about the "7+3+5" false friends:
Now I do not agree to the
See also here for further reading and comparisons with other Romanizations such as Wade-Giles.
There is also another thing: tone sandhi (Chinese
Even if the pronunce is "ü", the pinyin is always "u" after: "j" "q" "x".
There's a (cruel!) mnemonic doggerel for this rule:
小淘气 (xiǎo táoqì) "the little brats" 见了鱼眼 (jiàn le yǔyǎn) "saw the eyes of a fish" 就挖去 (jiù wā qù) "and took them out"


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1966 Chevy Nova Super Sport - The ELM Street Night MareWritten on June 14, 2007 No '66 Nova Ever Came From The Factory With A Big-Block ,Which Is All The Reason Les Grant Needed To Build One.
Les Grant has been fussing with his '66 Nova for seven years. He says, "My car took so long to build that there were many, many changes to the original concept. The wheels, for instance-look at 'em. I changed 'em out three times since I took the project on. Did I say 'I'? I meant 'we.' My friends and people who did work on the car helped me with it, and became my friends. They're the ones who should get the credit. Nightmare on Elm Street was what I called this thing the entire time it was going on."
In Upland, California-hard by the 210 Freeway and Baseline Road, where the San Gabriel Mountains push their big boots out into the valley-it's wind-swept, hardscrabble, and dry as a sand wash. It's also ripe. It runs with the fluid of hot-rodding. It's the blood. Things are definitely out of hand in Upland. Hell, you could build an entire car, roof to lug nuts, without ever leaving town, that's how prolific the hot rod culture is in Upland. Check out the info in the spec chart. Did Grant ever cross the line? No. He stayed in Upland because the entire arsenal was right there. They have CNC. They have computer modeling. They have the juice.
When Grant was 16 years old, he tooled a '40 Ford stoked by a Corvette V-8. A couple of years later, he turned his attention to a '55 210, again blipped by the most popular engine of all time. Grant "grew up" in the meantime, and left the hobby to tend to more urgent matters. He broke the surface again, though, when he was in his early fifties with a factory four-speed '57 150.
Then he couldn't stop, of course. Next he was onto a '66 Nova, for which he enlisted the aid of friend Don Caldwell (Caldwell's Performance Hotrods), and soon-to-be friends Andy Mitchell (www.outlawracingengines.com) and chassis-man-extraordinaire Phil Mandella (all right, you got us. Mandella's crib is in Montclair, California-one Upland's neighboring burgs).
Along with the Nova project came a world of grief: a divorce, bitterness, and bile by the bucket. So the Nova's forward motion juddered to a halt. Grant was a lithographer for most of his working life, a profession chosen for its intrinsic rewards and adherence to process (not its propensity to provide boxfuls of $100 bills). The Nova became his reason, and he used it to extricate himself from the vile proceedings and wounded sensibilities. When we spoke about his current venture, though, it was apparent that Grant was still somewhat dizzy from his recent fortune. Ummm, hmmm. Car on the cover of a magazine.
"I was discouraged and uneasy for a long time. I wanted to build the Nova right to show how a good car should be done. I see a lot of features on cars that I've seen locally, and they're just not that special. That's one reason for the big-block in my Nova. You'll have to please excuse me," Grant flabbered. "I'm very excited about this and my mind doesn't want to focus on anything. What a week it's been. Now I know what people are talking about after they've been on a photo shoot with Johnny."
Process interrupted. Time to reflect. The car Grant bought was a bona fide, cancer-free SS, yet this one is strangely not equipped with a radio delete plate where the squawk box should be. Immediate cool factor. A friend 'horned a big-block into his own '67 Nova, and tried to make it work with the stock suspension (which it did not). This convinced Grant to build his car from the ground up. He also yearned to plant that fat TH400 inside the too-tight tunnel without cutting or maiming, and so he hogged out the passage with air tools and grinders, and pounded portions of it with an air hammer. The store-bought fenderwell headers and stainless steel exhaust didn't fall right on, either. To make everything fit where it should, Tom Farra crafted four new primary tubes. About 50 hours after that little chore, he'd crafted a factory-style over-the-axle 3-inch system, interrupted only slightly by Dynomax race mufflers.
Germane to the success we see here was the TCI clip. It frees up lots of lateral space, puts the engine lower in the car, and removes weight from the front. Ancillary suspension systems are lighter and geometrically friendly, and disc brakes grow larger; an ididit tilt steering column plays a precise rack and pinion steering. Mandella narrowed the 9-inch axle by four inches, kicked the rails in to accommodate it, mini-tubbed the original wheelwells, and raised the trunk pan three inches to accept a 20-gallon stainless steel fuel reservoir. Cal Tracs' overlapping leaf springs and traction device are simple, extremely effective, a breeze to tune, and easy to package. Everybody wins.
That fat-block set low in the engine room is more than a motor-it's a symbol. And it's ingrained in all of us now. The sound it makes elicits the seductive, primal urge lodged at the back of our brains, something that can never be undone, never be unstuck. We call it pure. Grant calls it pure sex. At the very least, the 460 is brimming with it: 583 lb-ft of torque at 4,900 rpm and 640 hp at 6,400 rpm.
Now for the setting of all of this mechanical largess (or how Grant made more friends). Before he went to see Marco Cardenas at Empire Collision Center for the critical paint job, he'd already disassembled the car, walnut-blasted the metal, and finish-block sanded it eight times. Cardenas applied the DuPont Chroma base and the custom-blend black base with red and copper pearl. Those American Ds pretty much look like they grew there, don't they? The stance and the body reveals are perfect.
Grant knows that the style and execution of the interior are absolutely essential to a successful car. Considering the bright, bold exterior, he was inclined to make it elegant yet understated. Mark Lopez at Elegance Auto Interiors caught the vibe. He modified the factory seats and stitched them up in charcoal grey leather, and aside from that subtle but striking change, the Nova looks pretty much period. A custom-painted dashboard, stock instruments, and modified factory wiring received a bottom cluster of Auto Meters, a '69 Camaro rosewood skinny steering wheel, and a combo of Kenwood and Sony Xplod audio trash.
Out on the street, the Nova SS burns bright. It's the light in Les Grant's eyes. As some street rats I knew back in Jersey used to say, "Dat thing's nuttin' but tough." P.S. There isn't any Elm Street. Grant lives on Oak.
|By The Numbers
|'66 Chevy II Nova Super Sport
|Les Grant * Upland, CA
|Vehicle weight with driver: 3,160 lbs
|Peak horsepower: 640 hp at 6,400 rpm
|big-block Chevrolet
|460ci (4.280 bore x 4.00 stroke)
|1969 vintage 427
|Compression ratio:
|Milodon 7-quart oil pan
|Rotating assembly:
|4.00-inch stroke
Scat 4340 crank, Eagle H-beam rods,
JE flat-top pistons
|Cylinder heads:
|Dart Pro 1, CNC
by Outlaw Racing Engines (Upland, CA)
|COMP Cams hydraulic roller
(254/262 deg. at .050; .583/.630 lift)
|2.30/1.88-inch valves,
1.7:1 Crower roller rockers,
Manley 3/8-inch pushrods, COMP valvesprings
|Edelbrock Air Gap intake,
Barry Grant Mighty Demon 850 cfm carb
|Power adder:
|MSD Pro Billet distributor,
6AL box, 34 degrees initial
|Hooker Super Comp headers,
2 1/8-inch primaries, 3.5-inch collector,
3-inch stainless system, Dynomax race mufflers
|Allen's Fasteners (Upland, CA)
|Built by:
|Andy Mitchell, Outlaw Racing Engines
|Turbo 400, manual valvebody,
Continental 10-inch converter, 3,500-stall,
Hayden cooler, modified factory shifter
|custom by J.E. Reel (Pomona, CA),
4340 1350-series yokes
|Rear axle:
|Currie 9-inch housing,
Trac-Lok limited-slip diff, 3.50:1 ring-and-pinion
|Front suspension:
|Total Cost Involved system,
2-inch drop spindles,
stainless tubular control arms,
300 lb/in coils, gas shocks, no antisway bar
|Rear suspension:
|Cal Tracs bars and leaf springs,
Rancho eight-way adjustable shocks
|Wilwood 12-inch disc, front;
Wilwood 12-inch disc, rear
|Vintage American Racing Torq-Thrust D
(15x6, front; 15x10, rear)
|BFG T/A 185/65R15, front;
M/T Sportsman Pro 28x12.50-15, rear


text:
Common Problems Encountered by Breastfeeding Women
In This Article:
The amount of postpartum breast engorgement women experience is highly variable. Some women can scarcely tell that their milk has come in, while others have extraordinary breast swelling, firmness, and discomfort. The amount of engorgement probably is influenced by the frequency of milk removal, the number of milk glands present, the rate at which hormones fall after delivery, and other individual differences.
Breastfeeding Problems Related to Engorgement
Over fifty years ago, a noted British physician, Dr. Harold Waller, published an insightful article in the medical literature describing the contribution of severe breast engorgement to various breastfeeding problems. He estimated that about 20 percent of first-time mothers experienced very dramatic breast engorgement and had difficulty establishing milk flow. It was his belief that this excessive engorgement, if not relieved promptly, soon led to the problems outlined below and was the chief explanation for early failure of breastfeeding. My own observations match Dr. Waller's conclusions, and I wholeheartedly concur with his hypothesis. In my opinion, severe or unrelieved engorgement in the first postpartum week represents the greatest single physical cause of unsuccessful breastfeeding. Severe engorgement, if not promptly relieved, can contribute to each of the following difficulties:
Breast swelling and firmness can make the nipple and surrounding areola more difficult (certainly not easier!) to grasp. As a result, an infant may latch on incorrectly, taking only the tip of the nipple, thereby obtaining little milk and causing nipple discomfort. Babies who have learned to attach correctly in the first day or two when the nipple and areola are soft and pliable will be better prepared to nurse effectively should excessive engorgement occur later. In the past, when new mothers routinely remained hospitalized for several days after delivery, abundant milk production began prior to discharge, and nurses were available to help women position their babies correctly if engorgement was present. Today, however, most women find themselves at home when their milk comes in, and are left to muddle through the experience without benefit of guidance from health professionals. An early follow-up visit within two days of hospital discharge can help identify infants having latching troubles due to severe engorgement.
Swelling of the skin of the nipple and areola during engorgement makes the nipple more susceptible to trauma during attempts to breastfeed and contributes to soreness. The resulting damage-often with cracking, bruising, or abrasions on the nipple-leads to nipple soreness, ranging from mild to severe, that can interfere with nursing. Thus, uncomfortable breast engorgement and painful nipples often go hand in hand, creating what one mother referred to as the "double whammy" blow to breastfeeding.
Excessive engorgement leads to residual milk and elevated pressure in the milk ducts that causes diminished milk produc-tion. When the pressure of severe engorgement interferes with milk flow, residual milk in the breasts can decrease further milk production. Thus, a woman can go very quickly from too much to too little milk. Bottle-feeding mothers represent a commonplace ex-ample of how quickly unrelieved engorgement can cause decreased milk supply. Bottle-feeding mothers attest that extreme breast firmness and fullness subside substantially within about forty-eight hours, as the milk-producing glands cease to function. Thus, the period of engorgement is a critical time in the initiation of breastfeeding, often the make-it-or-break-it period. If milk flow is easily established and the breasts are drained regularly, then full milk production continues. However, if the pressure in tense, tight breasts cannot be relieved and little milk is removed, a woman's body will react as if she is bottle-feeding. Within a few short days, a woman with unrelieved breast engorgement can suffer diminished milk supply. It can take days, or even weeks, of dedicated effort to restore milk production to its full capacity after only a few days of early difficulties. Sometimes the effect can be permanent. Unrelieved breast engorgement is more than a temporary nuisance or an uncomfortable inconvenience. It is a very real threat to the success of breastfeeding because it is so harmful to milk supply.
Severe and unrelieved breast engorgement can make it difficult for the baby to obtain sufficient milk with nursing. Several factors can limit a baby's milk intake during excessive engorgement. Not only is correct latch-on made more difficult when the breasts are swollen and firm, but excessive pressure can impair milk flow. A mother may struggle at feeding times to get her baby to latch on and suckle well, while the hungry baby cries in frustration at not being able to properly position her mouth on the tense areola. Or, a baby seemingly may nurse often enough, yet remain underfed because she is unable to effectively extract milk during nursing attempts. As the days go by, a baby may lose an excessive amount of weight, becoming less able to nurse effectively, at the same time that milk production rapidly is declining. This is a dangerous combination that all too often follows severe, unrelieved breast engorgement.
Treatment of Engorgement
Feeding Schedule
Whether or not engorgement can be prevented by frequent feedings, I definitely agree that it is improved by frequent, effective nursing. By the time milk comes in around the third day, a baby should be nursing every two to three hours, at least eight to ten times in twenty-four hours. It's not uncommon for a baby to have one longer sleep interval (hopefully at night!). Ordinarily, I would allow a newborn one five-hour stretch without feeding in a twenty-four-hour period, but if your breasts are engorged, I wouldn't let this single longer interval exceed about 31/2 hours. I recommend you not allow your baby to use a pacifier in the early weeks of breastfeeding, and this is especially true during engorgement. It does no good for your baby to suck non-nutritively on a pacifier when your full breasts need to be drained. Even if your baby just nursed forty minutes ago, if she exhibits any feeding cues, put her back to your breast. It's entirely possible that her last feeding was not very effective and that she obtained little milk. Now she wants to try again-and she should! Going by the clock ("Gee, she shouldn't be due to feed yet") is likely to prevent your breasts from getting the stimulation and emptying they need and your baby from getting all the milk she requires.
Correct Positioning at the Breast
Going through the motions of frequent feedings does little good if the baby is positioned incorrectly to nurse. In fact, it can make things worse by causing sore nipples that interfere with subsequent feedings. You may have to use a breast pump (see below) or hand expression to take off some milk before latching your baby on. Expressing some milk first will soften the nipple-areola area and make it easier for your baby to grasp. Also, starting some milk dripping from your nipple will help entice your baby to latch on. Cupping your breast in the C-hold, with your fingers well behind the areola, you may need to gently compress your thumb and forefinger to make the nipple and surrounding areola easier to grasp. Make sure your baby takes a large mouthful of breast. Her lips should be flanged out, not curled in.
Cold and Heat
Simple measures like cold and heat application can help relieve breast discomfort and improve milk flow. Cold therapy increasingly is being recognized for its value in reducing inflammation and pain. Traditional ice packs, cool compresses, or commercial cold packs-even bags of frozen vegetables!-can be applied to the engorged breasts for fifteen to twenty minutes at a time to reduce blood congestion and tissue swelling. This will diminish internal pressure in the breast and help milk move through the ducts to the nipple openings.
Many women attest that their breasts start dripping milk when they stand under a warm shower. This observation has led to the widespread recommendation to apply moist heat to engorged breasts, particularly before feedings to increase circulation to the breast and bring the hormone oxytocin to help trigger milk let-down. Wrapping the breasts in warm, wet washcloths or towels for ten to twenty minutes not only feels good but also can start milk dripping. Commercial hot packs are available from a breast pump manufacturer. These packs can be reused by warming them in the microwave. Be careful not to burn the already stretched, damaged breast tissues, especially in the sensitive nipple area. Try both heat and cold applications to find which brings you most relief from discomfort and which helps best to improve your milk flow and decrease breast congestion. You can alternate these therapies in a way that is most effective for you.
Cabbage Leaves
For centuries, cabbage has been used in many countries as a folk remedy for a wide variety of ailments. All kinds of medicinal applications have been suggested for cabbage, including eating it raw or lightly cooked, drinking fresh cabbage juice, or applying a raw cabbage leaf poultice. In recent years, a number of lactation experts have suggested that wrapping engorged breasts in cabbage leaves brings rapid, effective relief of discomfort and facilitates milk flow. Many women attest to the benefits of this treatment, but scientific proof is still lacking to confirm whether such therapy truly is effective for breast engorgement. The home remedy is used as follows:
- Thoroughly rinsed and dried, refrigerated or room-temperature, crisp, green cabbage leaves are prepared by stripping out the large vein before applying the leaves over the engorged breast or breasts. The leaves can either be worn inside the bra or as compresses covered by a cool towel. Holes can be cut in the leaves, if necessary, to allow the nipples to be kept dry. The cabbage leaf compresses are left in place for about twenty minutes, or until they have wilted, at which time they can be replaced by fresh leaves. Most women report significant relief within eight hours. Continued application up to eighteen hours has been recommended for mothers who needed to wean abruptly or for severely engorged bottle-feeding mothers who wanted to dry up completely.
- The applications should be discontinued as soon as the desired result is obtained; overtreatment is claimed to reduce milk supply. Practitioners who use cabbage leaves report that women usually require only one or two applications to establish good milk flow.
Many women are reluctant to pump or express milk during engorgement for fear that they might stimulate too much milk and exacerbate the condition. But engorgement is more a problem of poor milk flow than excessive milk production. Removing milk is essential to reducing the pressure in the breasts and the backup of milk that eventually can decrease milk supply. Improving the ease of milk flow from the breasts makes it easier for the baby to obtain milk when nursing. Because the situation so often is compounded by infant difficulties in breastfeeding, a breast pump can be enormously helpful in managing engorgement. A wide array of pumps is available, ranging from inexpensive hand pumps to hospital-grade electric pumps. I strongly recommend that you obtain a hospital-grade rental electric pump with a dual collection kit that can empty both breasts simultaneously if your breasts become severely engorged. Because unrelieved engorgement can be so distressing and its prompt resolution is so critical to continued success, you will want to have the most comfortable, convenient, and effective means of emptying your breasts. If your baby is not nursing well or if your breasts remain uncomfortably full after breastfeeding, pump after feedings to express any remaining milk and reduce breast firmness. Ten to fifteen minutes of pumping with an electric pump is usually sufficient at one session. Longer pump-ing times can damage nipples and swollen breast tissues. For severe engorgement, some women obtain better results by pumping one breast at a time, instead of both breasts. Use your free hand to gently massage your breast while pumping. Steady pressure applied to areas of firmness often starts milk flowing, at least briefly. When milk flow stops, switch to the opposite breast. Massage and pump on the second side as long as you are getting results. Then switch again when milk flow stops. After fifteen to twenty minutes of total effort, wait an hour or two before trying again.
Do your best to relax and visualize your milk flowing. Being anxious and uptight is only likely to inhibit your milk ejection reflex. Play calming music or practice relaxation techniques such as Lamaze breathing. Ask your partner to give you a neck massage or back rub. Extend your arms above your head and slowly bring them down to your sides. Repeat this "flying angel" exercise several times. Many women find it helps their milk to let-down.
Synthetic Oxytocin Nasal Spray
The hormone your body makes to trigger your milk ejection reflex and start your milk flowing is known as oxytocin. A synthetic form of this hormone was formerly marketed as a nasal spray known as Syntocinon (Sandoz Laboratories). The drug was prescribed for breastfeeding women to help trigger their let-down reflex and promote milk flow when the milk ejection reflex was thought to be inhibited. Synthetic oxytocin was sometimes prescribed for mothers of premature infants and employed mothers who needed help conditioning their milk ejection reflex when using a breast pump. The medication was also recommended to help relieve severe breast engorgement by triggering the milk ejection reflex and stimulating milk flow. Unfortunately, Syntocinon is no longer being marketed. However, a compounding pharmacist can prepare an equivalent drug with a physician's prescription. A compounding pharmacist is a pharmacist who makes custom-tailored medications from scratch. The International Academy of Compounding Pharmacists offers a referral service for patients to help them locate a compounding pharmacist within a fifty-mile radius of their zip code (see Resource List, page 451). If other measures to relieve engorgement haven't helped, ask your doctor whether synthetic oxytocin nasal spray might be worth trying in your case.
From Dr. Mom's Guide to Breastfeeding by Marianne R. Neifert. Copyright © 1998 by Marianne R. Neifert. Used by arrangement with Plume, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc.
To order this book visit Amazon.


text:
How will this play in 2016?
Whatever Hillary Clinton's long-term plans, some journalists are hyped for her presidential run. As she leaves the State Department, there will be leaks of instances when her plans for foreign policy were turned down by the White House. These will be repeated in 2015-16 should it appear that she was right.Sunday's NYTimes, in one such story, reports that she and David Petraeus (when head of the CIA) devised a plan for the CIA to arm carefully vetted parts of the Syrian opposition. According to the story, the White House "rebuffed" the idea. Though she was a loyal part of the administration and accepted the decision, we are reminded that Clinton is more hawkish than the president, e.g., with Robert Gates (when secretary of defense), she supported the Afghan surge; and joined the French and English efforts to support the Libyan opposition against Qaddafi.
About the Author
Margaret O'Brien Steinfels, a former editor of Commonweal, writes frequently in these pages and blogs at dotCommonweal.
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- Editor Featured
A very interesting article from the NYT. But please, I'm still hoping for at least another month off before have to begin the 2016 campaign (NPR has already been mentioning it).
Nicholas Clifford, I join you. I could even hope for a year, but that's surely the wildest of fantasies!
Yes, it's going to be interesting to watch. Howie talked about it on Reliable Sources this morning, how media had their long knives out for Hillary in 2008 but love her now. Even Chris Matthews, who was beastly to her when she opposed tingly Obama, is now singing her praises. (But I don't think Eugene Robinson has ever retracted or apologized for his nasty slurs, which included advising Obama never to be alone in a room with her. That was when she reminded those who were urging her to drop out of the race that Bobby Kennedy was still running when he was assassinated. Robinson and Matthews and others seized upon that to insinuate that Obama was in physical danger from Hillary.)
Nicholas Clifford and John Page: Never fear!! Or is it "Be not afraid." We will be deeply distracted by the donnybrooks over immigration, gun control, Pentagon budget cuts, etc. And then, there will be the 2014 elections. Even today, the very same NYTimes has a story about the Rovian Republicans working to save the party from jumping into the sea like lemmings: Top GOP donors seek greater say in Senate races, i.e., they want electables, cf MIssouri and Indiana in 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/03/us/politics/top-gop-donors-seek-greate...
I voted for her in the primary over Obama and would vote for her for president if she ran. I don't know if she is more hawkish but on pretty much every issue she's very liberal, more so than Obama.
Taking the long view, I'm concentrating all my thoughts and hopes on the election of 2052, which, actuarially speaking and divinity thanking, I don't expect to be around for.
Long view: But that doesn't mean that you won't be in a position to observe it!
Margaret, I'm with John Page. Only if I'm damned will I observe that or any other election, papal, presidential, or otherwise.
BD: you can run a campaign to organize all of those heavenly folks who were considered to be saints at one time, but then de-sainted for some reason or another. That will keep you out of trouble.
This discussion is exactly Reason No. 1 why second terms stink in the age of the 22nd Amendment. Reason No. 2, which we will get to shortly, is that the functionaries of the second term administration start making friends with the mammon of iniquity for their return to the private sector.Despite the urge to think about someone else now that we've passed Barack Obama's sale date, he will be president for nearly four more years, for better or worse for the country. Attention really ought to be paid.
One of the positives of the Clinton departure and the ensuing leaks has been to reenforce the idea that Obama actually has shifted U.S. foreign policy. The "light footprint," as it has been called (not wholly accurately), may turn out to be the real Obama foreign policy. Rather than the cool, detached, indifference that some have seen in his foreign policy, it may be that he has made a distinct and reasoned shift in how he sees things, especially if he has had to resist a more activist secretary of state. In addition to the Syria story above, there was another from John Cassidy of the New Yorker that she urged Obama to once again plunge into the Israeli-Palestinian peace process after having run into a brick wall. Clinton and Samantha Power are said to have been the administration people most forcefully arguing for the humanitarian intervention in Libya when Obama was reluctant. Now that the fall-out from that has become apparent in Mali and Algeria, it makes sense that Obama is far more restrained when it comes to Syria.But I will swear off of 2016, except to say: I don't think Clinton will be a candidate.
Let's hear it for H.R. Clinton who was a great senator and Secretary of State. No SOS has been better on gender violence. Her performance in the last four years was truly extraordinary.
Agree, Bill. She was great.----Agree, Margaret. She will not run.
I was not a Clinton or an Obama supporter back in 2008 because I didn't feel either of them had much real experience.However, Clinton did a good job, and had a lot of energy as secretary of state. I thought one of the best moments of Clinton's tenure was her visit to Burma/Myanmar's Aung San Suu Kyi, helping nudge that nation away from dictatorship and toward more openness.For good or ill, I think Bengazi and questions about her health would dog her if she ran in 2016.
Margaret - I harbor a bit of a suspicion that, now that the President is freed from the pre-election need to appease his base, his inner hawk will start to assert itself a bit more. E.g. I understand that we weren't exactly an arms-length distance from that recent French insertion into Mali. In fact, the French, under their Socialist leader, seem to be getting pretty adventuresome.
Hillary for Supreme Court?
"Inner hawk?" Don't see it. I think the U.S. lent the French a troop carrier for the air life to Mali. Pretty arms length. But what do your Chicago sources tell you?


text:
Isco fever reaching climax?
- 21 June 2013 08:28
- Posted by @dclayton_mcfc
It's the transfer story that has kept the back pages ticking over nicely in the last fortnight and, if reports are to believed, one that could end within the next 48 hours.
As a collective, the more trustworthy journos are usually on the money and with that in mind, City fans could be in for some good news this weekend.
Malaga play-maker Isco has become the most coveted youngster in La Liga over the past year and indications – according to several papers – are that the 21-year-old Spain star will choose the Blues over Real Madrid.
Typical of the stories is Chris Wheeler in the Daily Mail who writes: "Manchester City hope to complete a £21million deal for Malaga midfielder Isco in the next 48 hours.
"There were fears Real Madrid could hijack the transfer, and City were said to have grown increasingly concerned that the player seemed undecided.
"But the 21-year-old looks to have chosen Manchester and indicated on Thursday that a deal could be tied up over the weekend.
'I prefer not to comment about my future but the matter could be closed this Sunday,' Isco said.
"The chance to work with new City boss Manuel Pellegrini, his coach at Malaga for the last two years, was a deciding factor in Isco's decision.
Malaga gave permission for him to speak to City's director of football Txiki Begiristain, who persuaded Isco to move the Premier League
...Daily Mail..
One of the Blues' newest players is also making all the right noises this morning.
Brazilian Fernandinho reckons a new-look City will be hard to stop next season and are aiming high.
The Sun's Martin Blackburn writes: "Samba star Fernandinho insists he can help new club Manchester City go from European chumps to champs.
"City have had two disastrous campaigns in the Champions League, crashing out at the group stage on both occasions under former boss Roberto Mancini.
"But new chief Manuel Pellegrini has a decent pedigree in the competition with Villarreal and Malaga, to raise hopes City could make more of an impact this season.
"He said: 'I hope City can put in an excellent performance in the competition.
That would excite the supporters and get us to the final games of the competition. A cup would be incredible, and it is the best in Europe? I believe we can do it
How to win friends and influence people! Let's hope he's right…