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I have a question about which style is preferred: std::bind Vs lambda in C++0x. I know that they serve -somehow- different purposes but lets take an example of intersecting functionality.
uniform_int<> distribution(1, 6);
mt19937 engine;
// lambda style
auto dice = [&]() { return distribution(engine); };
uniform_int<> distribution(1, 6);
mt19937 engine;
// bind style
auto dice = bind(distribution, engine);
Which one should we prefer? why? assuming more complex situations compared to the mentioned example. i.e. What are the advantages/disadvantages of one over the other?


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I got Final Fantasy XIII when it came out, and played up to the beginning of Chapter 8 before real life pulled me away.
Being the impulsive spendaholic that I am, I have now purchased Final Fantasy XIII-2. My question is, should I go back to and finish the original before beginning on the sequel? Am I to expect major spoilers in XIII-2 that could seriously impact my enjoyment if/when I eventually return to XIII?

subset: commoncrawl


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Easy Sweet Corn Recipes (Slide 1)
(Slide 1 of 36) Start at the beginning | View recipes as list
Recipe: Mexican Grilled Corn
View as: Thumbnails List
Mexican Grilled Corn
Street vendors across Mexico sell this style of roasted or grilled corn—topped with mayonnaise, ch…View slide
Coconut Creamed Corn
Creamed corn goes tropical with coconut milk, cilantro and lime juice. We love this with the kick of…View slide
Corn with Bacon & Mushrooms
This simple combination of corn, mushrooms and bacon goes with everything from burgers to lightly sc…View slide
Macque Choux
Macque Choux (pronounced "mock shoe") is a Cajun corn and vegetable sauté. Here we eschew the t…View slide
Corn & Broccoli Calzones
These calzones are stuffed with a summery combination of corn and broccoli, but you can use whatever…View slide
Smoky Corn & Black Bean Pizza
The secret to a grilled pizza is having all your ingredients ready to go before you head out to the …View slide
Avocado-Corn Salsa for Two
This colorful salsa comes together in a snap with avocado, frozen corn and ripe tomato.…View slide
Southwestern Calico Corn
Peppers, cumin and chili powder are a natural combination with corn and hominy (dried corn that's ha…View slide
Curried Corn & Crab Cakes
Many cooks think crab cakes require a lot of effort, but they're actually not difficult. And with th…View slide
Lemon-Garlic Glazed Corn on…
Think it doesn't get any better than corn on the cob with butter? Try cooking the corn in butter (…View slide
Tilapia Corn Chowder
This light soup is a great way to slip fresh corn (and tilapia, of course!) into your late-summer me…View slide
Cool Fresh Corn Relish
Serve this fresh summertime treat as a vegetable side dish or as a condiment to accompany your favor…View slide
Corn & Tomato Sauté
This simple sauté combines two summer stars—corn and tomatoes. If you don't have fresh basil or t…View slide
Green Bean Salad with Corn,…
This vibrant summer salad goes well with just about any entree. Be sure to get ultra-fresh beans and…View slide
Grilled Corn on the Cob
Want to know how to grill corn on the cob? This grilled corn on the cob recipe starts with 4 ears of…View slide
Roasted Corn with Basil-Sha…
A simple combination - roasted corn with a basil vinaigrette - has a fresh flavor that is pure summe…View slide
Spaghetti with Clams & Corn
Fresh corn kernels give spaghetti and clams a hint of summer clambake. Look for minced fresh clams o…View slide
Southwestern Corn & Black B…
Here's a great make-ahead dinner--and leftovers are welcome for lunch the next day. If you make it a…View slide
Grilled Steak with Fresh Co…
Prepare the ingredients for this easy salad before you head to the grill with the steak. That way, y…View slide
Rice & Corn Cakes with Spic…
These crispy fried patties get a swift kick from the easy-to-make bean-and-salsa accompaniment. Inst…View slide
Curried Corn Bisque
Frozen vegetables are perfect for making soups and we particularly like the fresh flavor of frozen c…View slide
Corn & Basil Cakes
Try these savory corn-and-basil pancakes as a side dish with barbecued chicken or grilled steak.…View slide
Goat Cheese Grits with Fres…
Take grits upscale by adding fresh corn, goat cheese and chives. …View slide
Corn & Black Bean Quinoa Salad
Make this spicy poblano, corn, black bean and quinoa salad recipe to serve with whatever you're gr…View slide
Roasted Corn & Shiitake Mus…
Roasting brings out the sweetness of the corn and browns the shiitake mushrooms. Rice wine and soy s…View slide
Creamed Corn
Our take on this classic is subtly flavored and every bit as creamy as the full-fat original.…View slide
Black Bean & Hominy Succota…
Here smoky-flavored grilled mushrooms are served over a black-bean-and-hominy succotash. Serve with:…View slide
Corn & Basil Cakes
Try these savory corn-and-basil pancakes as a side dish with barbecued chicken or grilled steak.…View slide
Microwave Corn on the Cob
Want to know how to microwave corn on the cob? This microwaved corn on the cob recipe starts with 4 …View slide
Boiled Corn on the Cob
Want to know how to boil corn on the cob? This boiled corn on the cob recipe starts with 4 ears of f…View slide
Sweet Corn Ice Cream
Everyone loves sweet corn and ice cream in the summer. Here's a recipe for sweet corn ice cream th…View slide
Summer Corn & Scallop Pasta
The naturally sweet taste of scallops partners beautifully with summer corn at its peak in this corn…View slide
Maryland Corn & Crab Cakes
This corn and crab cakes recipe tastes like summer by the shore. The tomato and corn salad that acco…View slide
Roasted Corn Cheese Dip
Inspired by queso fundido—melted Mexican cheese dip—this corn and warm Cheddar cheese dip is gre…View slide
Sweet Corn Salad
Freshly harvested corn, charred green chiles and roasted tomatoes make this corn salad recipe a must…View slide


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I use to go here to eat all the time with no problems. It was my favorite place to eat! Then the past several times I have gone I ended up with non gluten free noodles in my order and noodles having to fix me another meal. Usually it is followed with a free meal and apology, but the last time I was there they had to redo it 3 times (first time non gluten free noodles in my meal, then under cooking the noodles) and didn't seem bothered by the fact it kept coming out wrong! So if you go stir your order and make double check your noodles. I haven't been back for awhile due to the errors!
Traveling through the area. Very limited choices as most sauces contain gluten. They did answer all my questions correctly and we got the pad Thai. It was good but really didn't taste like pad Thai to me. No problems but not convinced it is actually celiac friendly.
A lot of gluten free options if you make substitutions on the dishes. The pad Thai is the only thing you can safely order as is. Careful of the rice Krispy treats, they are made with margarine and not safe.
The place appears to double check orders by requiring key when entering all unordinary orders sent to cook. This brings key carrier to double check and ask questions if necessary, and alerts cook that an allergy menu item is ordered. Great system to prevent mishaps. Staff are knowledgeable and courteous, gf noodles are yummy, and it's easy access off I-24.
2124 N High St, Columbus, OH 43201
They told me the option I ordered had trace amounts of gluten in it after I bought it and it was made. But at least they told me. I gave the meal to a friend. Previous times (different meals) had been fine, but as a celiac I just can't risk it and probably won't be back.
161 Washington Ave Ext, Albany, NY 12205
I was excited to see they offer all their dishes with GF pasta. I especially like the mac & cheese and the pesto pasta dish from my pre-celiac days. I did however have a reaction to the GF pasta dish I ate. They do warn there could be cross contamination, which is not surprising.
7853 U.S. 31 South, Indianapolis, IN 46227
we were told they changed suppliers and only the pad thai is gf. they let my daughter order gf noodles with a newly not gf sauce and didn't tell her.
4733 South Timberline Road #104, Fort Collins, CO 80528
They have really stepped up the GF since the previous reviews. The pastas are top notch for GF and would definitely recommended trying if you have not yet.
5710 W 86th St, Indianapolis, IN 46278
I got sick as well from their food. Regardless of that, the food was not that tasty so I left unhappy on all accounts
244 W College Ave, State College, PA 16801
I've lived near a noodles & company for years and just now found out that all pasta can be made gluten free.
414 South Duff Avenue, Ames, IA 50010
Noodle's & Co. has a lot of gluten-free options. Every menu option can be switched to one of the two gluten-free noodle options (rice pasta and Fazoli). Noodles & Co. has a gluten-free guide that is very helpful. I usually order spaghetti. Instead of meatballs, I ask for steak. The Tomato Basil soup is also now gluten-free. The manager explains my options and then swipes his card on the register to put an allergy alert on my order. I have dined at Noodle's & Co. numerous times and absolutely love their food!! I have Celiac Disease and never have been sick afterwards. Highly recommend!!!
4653 Keystone Crossing, Eau Claire, WI 54701
I eat the gluten free noodles here all the time. even though I don't usually need the allergy option, they always offer it and do a good job at keeping contamination at a minimum.
1833 Blue Lakes Blvd N, Twin Falls, ID 83301
CELIAC REVIEW: Was recently here with family. Staff was accommodating. I did not get sick l!
3151 Zinfandel Dr, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670
They offer gluten free pasta cooked safely after they verify that it is a medical condition. very good food
2289 East Beltline, Peregrine Dr NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49525
Awesome. Trained and knowledgable in gf and Cross contamination !!!
2833 Crossroads Boulevard, Waterloo, IA 50702
Great place! They have two gluten free pasta options, rice noodles and fusilli. They are very aware of allergies and will verify if you are celiac and make you aware if you order something that contains gluten.
8926 J M Keynes Dr, Charlotte, NC 28262
I went in and reviewed the menu and decided what I wanted. When I ordered it, they told me the sauce wasn't gluten free. I was so very happy that they did that instead of letting me eat gluten. I got pad Thai noodles and they were great. No reaction at all.
489 River Highway, Mooresville, NC 28117
Incredible service and patience today! Noodles & Company allows me to eat whatever everyone else is eating for a change! Thanks!
8926 J M Keynes Dr, Charlotte, NC 28262
AMAZING! They were very nice and told me everything that was gluten free. Just about everything can be made with gluten free noodles. Food is yummy!
2099 Fruitville Pike, Lancaster, PA 17601
My 2 favorite dishes are pesto pisavera with GF fusilli or if you are a little hungrier, pad Thai with chicken (naturally GF, no modifications needed). Other dishes can be modified. Just do rice noodles or GF fusilli (for an up charge).
310 Collins Road Northeast, Cedar Rapids, IA 52402
Gluten Free fusilli!!
7700 East Kellogg Avenue #1014, Wichita, KS 67207
They have rice and fussilli noodles and a lot of sauces to choose from. Manager comes to flag our food so the kitchen is extra careful. They have a large menu you can view if asked to eliminate any allergy concerns. Only place I can get good safe Mac and cheese!
125 University Avenue, Westwood, MA 02090
Very knowledgeable about celiac. Gluten free pasta available, water is changed and lots are washed before each meal is cooked
125 University Avenue, Westwood, MA 02090
Menu stated that they have wheat in everything and it is hard to control cross contamination... Meaning they don't care enough to try. Gluten free menu has 1 item... With a warning.
7216 NE Cornell Rd, Hillsboro, OR 97124
I was told gluten free pasta is cooked on the same water as regular pasta. Definitely not safe for people with Celiac due to cross contamination.
611 North Perkins Road, Stillwater, OK 74075
Wisconsin Mac and cheese with gf fusilli is the bomb!
15785 Westchester Commons Main St, Midlothian, VA 23113
Gluten free pasta is good in certain dishes. Has made me slightly sick/uncomfortable a few times out of many times going here- enough to not really want to keep going.
648 Old West Central Street, Franklin, MA 02038
Very limited menu, food ok. Quick serve quality.
177 Kentlands Blvd #100, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
Dedicated space, knowledgeable manager but untrained staff lead to pasta being mixed with gluten pasta. Half way through meal, we noticed a few pieces of other pasta
4655 SW Griffith Dr, Beaverton, OR 97005
ate there several times w no contamination and today nailed by gluten contamination
5710 W 86th St, Indianapolis, IN 46278
My son & I ate here ordering from the gf menu. we became ill immediately. Don't think they are careful to avoid cross contamination.
1833 Blue Lakes Blvd N, Twin Falls, ID 83301
I have celiac and have never gotten sick while dining here. Pad Thai is my personal fave!
832 Queen St, Southington, CT 06489
Allergens menu listing online is very helpful. All dishes are made individally and to order. They will swap out ingredients in menu items. Friendly and accommodating. There is however no separate g-free cooking area/utensils.
at San Marcos, 591 Grand Ave, San Marcos, CA 92069
They offer gf noodles and have a menu where they share specifically what meals don't have gluten. Had the Pad Thai and it was Awesome! Full of flavor!
They looked at me like I had 2 heads when I said I had celiac and needed gluten-free food
7405 Laguna Boulevard #170, Elk Grove, CA 95758
I have been twice the first time was great. my brother who has OCD makes it really had to eat at my house. so we out but now that I am gluten sensitive its been nearly impossible to get good food that can be safe for me and him. the second time I went was a little harder because the person who took my order was training and didn't know how to put in an allergy yet it took an extra 3 minutes and asking questions ."..of the sauce has flour so would you prefer cheese or no sauce at all?" and "did u order a regular or a small?" it was worth the first trip i just wish noodles and company could train about allergies first I'd this guy who is the second cook hadn't helped i would have paid for the wrong meal and gotten tomato's another allergy I have. I think I will go back just wanted you to know trainees are hit and miss
15785 Westchester Commons Main St, Midlothian, VA 23113
Make it clear that you have an allergy. Manager is knowledgable but general staff were not. Chicken is prepared on the same grill as crusted items that contain gluten. I stick to shrimp and the pad Thai and have been fine twice with that. I had a reaction first two times when I had chicken pad Thai.
1430 N Main St, Logan, UT 84321
The food is always great, there is a pretty good selection, and I have never gotten sick from anything. Wonderful to have such a great GF place!
3300 N Rock Rd, Wichita, KS 67226
They have a two different pasta options and a ton of sauces! Tomato basil bisque is gf and amazing. They clean a pan before preparing your food and a manger flags your order! Love this place!
575 Market St, San Francisco, CA 94105
Offers gluten free pasta option for almost all pasta dishes. Allergy menu identifies all gluten free options.
7700 East Kellogg Avenue #1014, Wichita, KS 67207
Love their pasta and that's what I miss the most having to go gluten free! You can get just about any pasta dish made with the rice noodles.
1400 North Meacham Road, Schaumburg, IL 60173
How careful they are about your gluten free order really depends on how busy they are when you come in. If it's empty they are great and super careful, but if there are even a few other customers you might get sick. Their gluten free dishes are pretty good though!
125 University Avenue, Westwood, MA 02090
Pad Thai was delicious, but was cross contaminated on my second visit. First visit was fine - not sure if I will give them another chance.
1345 Western Boulevard, Jacksonville, NC 28546
Delicious gf Mac and cheese! Lots of options.
7822 Sand Lake Rd, Orlando, FL 32819
It was very surprising to see that they have a very large choices of gluten free options. They even have a gluten free menu. I'll will go there very often now. The employee also said that they are changing many more soups and sauces to be gluten free. He told me that they just switched the tomato soup (which is awesome by the way) and Wisconsin Mac and Cheese just went gluten free (yum) needless to say I had both.
1 The Provident Way, Seabrook, NH 03874
The only gf pasta choices are rice noodles and fusilli. I had the fusilli with pesto, roasted tomatoes & mushrooms. The staff was friendly, but not any real knowledge about how the food is prepared. She actually told me that I should talk to my doctor before eating there because then I would know what I could have... Hmmm. Brilliant idea. Long story short, the pasta was gummy and did not outweigh the risk of being glutened (potentially). We will not be going back. Ever.
Gluten Fusilli and rice noodles can be made with any pasta creation you want. :)
1667 K Street Northwest, Washington, DC 20036
They were not very knowledgable, and took forever to confirm ingredients. I was also a bit disappointed that they could not make the mac and cheese gluten free (something in the cheese), but the pad thai was all right.
2019 South Naperville Road, Wheaton, IL 60187
Ordered Gluten free pasta option with Tuscan sauce option. Received wrong pasta that was not gluten free. Didnt notice til I got home unfortunately. We Called to speak to manager. She really didnt care to help me out. Kept insisting I ordered it wrong. Not sensitive to my situation, didnt care that I could have gotten sick. Will never be going back here because I will never trust the food.
1 The Provident Way, Seabrook, NH 03874
My mac and cheese was very good. They have a dedicated pan / pot for pasta. I was very scared to eat here because I heard horror stories about people finding real pasta in then gluten free pasta at different locations of this chain.
46360 Lexington Village Way, Lexington Park, MD 20653
The only item I trust is the Pad Thai because the entire entree is listed as gluten free. Substituting gluten free noodles in different entrees may not have gluten free sauces. Also some meat options that you can add may not be gluten free (an employee told me this, so I avoid meat as well) But I absolutely love the Pad Thai and visit often.
Manager was extremely careful and accommodating- he told me which sauces to be wary of and that the kitchen staff would be extra cautious. Great service & great food!
2365 N Farnsworth Ave, Aurora, IL 60502
I've always had great experiences at Noodles. There are a few different gf options, and I think it's relatively safe (and so delicious)!
1528 Gemini Pl, Columbus, OH 43240
I'm severely gluten intolerant, but not celiac. The staff at this location thought that intolerant meant choice to be gluten free and made my Asian pasta with regular soy sauce. I assumed I didn't need to speak with the manager because I had heard how good Noodles and Company was with GF food.I had a reaction for the rest of the day. Every other location knows and makes my dish gluten free and no reaction. Lesson learned- do not go to this location unless you're celiac, and even then I'd very specific and speak directly to the manager.
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What is the flow of USB events from kernel space to user space? I get a popup on my desktop when I plug in a USB drive -- what is the sequence of events that leads from detecting the new USB drive to mounting it and showing that popup?
(I know it's a very broad question, but please guide me with some pointers on how to understand the whole idea behind it. I have no problem in browsing large blocks of code if I can be guided correctly.)


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Our Best Bar Cookies
Salted Caramel, Chocolate and Peanut Cracker-Stack Bars [1]
These fantastic potluck bars come from Patrice Hurd of Bemidji, Minnesota. She won the grand prize in our 2012 Best of the Midwest® Recipe Contest. Patrice says they're a twist on her grandmother's cracker bars. They cut beautifully and brim with salty-sweet-nutty-chocolately flavor.
Maple-Walnut Banana Bars [5]
The math on these homey bars couldn't be simpler: one pan, one ripe banana and less than one hour from start to finish.
Caramel Heavenlies [9]
Graham crackers form the base for this bar cookie with layers of marshmallows, brown sugar, almonds and coconut. "I've made these cookies since 1984," says Georgine Simmonds of Genesee, Michigan. "They're one of my family's favorites."
Caramel Heavenlies [10]
Scrumptious Seven-Layer Cookies [13]
These rich bar cookies star among the sweets at Stafford's Bay View Inn in Petoskey, Michigan. Mix and match among your favorite treats for some of the layers to create a dessert that's just right for your family.
Apricot-Rosemary Streusel Bars [17]
A rich, fruity filling bakes in a rosemary-infused crust, then gets drizzled with a powdered sugar icing.
Peanut Butter Chip and Jelly Bars [21]
The flavor of these bars from Connie Siegel of Wisconsin will take you right back to your school lunchroom! If you don't like grape jelly, strawberry would work well, too.
Cranberry Candy-Bar Cookies [25]
These gooey bar cookies start with a German chocolate cake mix. Melted caramels and cranberry sauce form a moist middle layer.
Caramel and Chocolate Kettle-Corn Crispie Bars [29]
These bars, from Judy Reynolds of Bloomington, Indiana, won the grand prize of $10,000 in Midwest Living's first Best of the Midwest cook-off. Judy started with a Hoosier staple--popcorn--and stirred together these sweet-salty snack bars. Homemade caramel sauce helps makes them a standout.
Maple Nutty Candy [33]
These bar cookies combine four winning flavors: peanut butter, maple, butterscotch and chocolate. The easy recipe, from a Wabash, Indiana, reader, makes about 6 pounds of bar candy. We suggest freezing the bars and thawing them out as needed.
Maple Nutty Candy [34]
Luscious Lemon Bars [37]
Sweet and tart, these moist, powdered sugar-topped classics will disappear fast at a potluck.
Luscious Lemon Bars [38]
Triple Peanut Butter Streusel Bars [41]
Dry-roasted peanuts, peanut butter-flavored pieces and peanut butter bring triple flavor to this make-ahead bar cookie.
Cherry Crumble Pie Bars [45]
Zesty lemon peel adds zing to this fruit bar cookie; almond extract and brown sugar give it extra sweetness.
Chocolate-Peanut Butter Bars [49]
Peanut butter and chocolate meet for a sweet treat in this recipe from a Cedarburg, Wisconsin, reader who likes to make these bar cookies for potluck gatherings.
Butterscotch Pretzel Bars [53]
This sweet-salty dessert goes together quickly with a no-bake bottom and a topping of butterscotch pieces and whipping cream heated on the stove.
Candy Bar Cookies [57]
These gooey bite-size treats feature a creamy mixture of chocolate pieces, butterscotch pieces and peanut butter over a cooked oatmeal-brown sugar layer. The recipe is from a Madison, Wisconsin, reader, who likes to take the bar cookies to potluck gatherings.
Candy Bar Cookies [58]
Date-Orange Bars [61]
Date-nut desserts can be cloyingly sweet, but orange juice brightens these simple bars.
Date-Orange Bars [62]
Chocolate and peanut butter bars [65]
Chocolate and peanut butter naturally complement each other in these three bar cookie recipes. The Eagle Ridge Inn and Resort near Galena, Illinois, combines the flavors to make the candylike Hallelujah bars (left).
A Wisconsin reader sent us the recipe for Peanut Butter Fingers, which have rolled oats in addition to peanut butter and semisweet chocolate pieces. They're a great sweet ending to entrees and salads on a potluck table.
Merry Marshmallow Bars come from a Decorah, Iowa, reader, who combines semisweet chocolate, peanut butter and marshmallows for an easy-to-fix bar cookie that kids love.
Hallelujah Chocolate Peanut Butter Bars recipe [66]
Peanut Butter Fingers recipe [67]
Danish Pastry Apple Bars and more [71]
This recipe for Danish Pastry Apple Bars comes from an Indiana teacher who discovered these treats in a student's lunch box years ago. The student's family was happy to share the recipe; the results taste almost like apple pie.
After-School Apple Bars has a similar origin: A Michigan reader began making these when her son brought the recipe home from school. His third-grade teacher owned an orchard, and the class made this recipe after a bountiful apple harvest.
Frosted Apple-Pie Bars comes from a South Dakota reader who includes apples, sugar, cornflakes and spices in her filling.
Danish Pastry Apple Bars recipe [72]
After-School Apple Bars recipe [73]
Butter-Pecan Bars [77]
These candy-like bar cookies have a brown sugar crust and a filling of brown sugar, butter and chopped pecans. Sprinkle with chocolate pieces immediately after baking.
Butter-Pecan Bars [78]
Raspberry Cheesecake Bars [81]
Layers of cheesecake, raspberry filling, almonds and coconut form dessert bars perfect for summer picnics and potlucks.
Salted Peanut Bars [85]
Luscious caramel tops a sweet-salty treat of peanuts, pretzels, marshmallow crème and peanut butter.
Salted Peanut Bars [86]
Easy Candy-Bar Treats [89]
A mix of popular ingredients--chocolate, caramel, and peanuts--makes this easy and delicious microwave candy.
Rhubarb Bars [93]
Cooks in the Midwest's Red River Valley learned early to take advantage of rhubarb. The tangy, celerylike ingredient grows well in a region where strawberries seldom thrive. This recipe comes from RBJ's Restaurant in Crookston, Minnesota.
Rhubarb Bars [94]
Cheesecake and chocolate [97]
When Midwest Living® asked readers to send in their favorite chocolate recipes, we received hundreds. The six winners included Brownie Bombs from a West Carrollton, Ohio, reader who tops her brownies with a cheesecake layer and then more chocolate batter.
Our Black-and-Tan Bars also combine cheesecake and chocolate, with a chocolate base and a swirled cheesecake-chocolate top.
Brownie Bombs recipe [98]
Easy Cherry Crumb Bars [102]
Blueberry-Almond Bars [106]
Fruit fillings complement the sweetness of other bar cookie ingredients. Blueberry-Almond Bars was a grand champion award recipe at the Marshall County Fair's annual Blueberry Bake-A-Rama in Plymouth, Indiana. Lori Van Der Weele combined blueberries, butter, white baking pieces and almonds for this winner.
Blueberry-Almond Bars [107]
Toffee Bars [110]
These moist, easy brownies get a little extra crunch from a topping of toffee pieces.
Toffee Bars [111]
Gooey Pecan Pie Bars [114]
Pecan pie in a bar? Say no more. We got the recipe for these rich, buttery, thick cookies from Liberty Gathering Place restaurant in West Liberty, Ohio.
Toffee-Pumpkin Pie Bars [118]
Love sweet and salty combos? You'll fall for these bars with sweet toffee, toasted pecans and a spiced Ginger Crumb Crust.
Toffee-Pumpkin Pie Bars [119]
Strawberry-Rhubarb Bars [122]
Strawberries and rhubarb flavored with ginger make an appealing combo in this dessert. Drizzle just before serving with Ginger Icing, if you like.
Strawberry-Rhubarb Bars [123]
Easy Peanut Butter Bars [126]
These sturdy bars travel well; pack them in lunch boxes or take to a picnic or potluck.
Easy Peanut Butter Bars [127]
Dark Chocolate Mint Bars [130]
Frosting with reduced-fat cream cheese tops no-bake bars designed for a lower-carb treat.
Dark Chocolate Mint Bars [131]
Sour Cream Pumpkin Bars [134]
These are especially good in fall, but canned pumpkin makes them an any-time treat.


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Miss TDP Mary Sue Round 2 {Handdrawn} - 10-10-2010, 03:34 PM
The entrants for the next round of the competition are as follows:
New entrants are allowed, but remember that by not entering the first round, you've missed out on twenty potential points.
Name: Rowanna Mystick Angel Demetor.
Age: Fourteen; she's in fifth year tho cuz she was moved up a year due to being so clever.
Fandom: Harry Potter.
Drabble: Rowanna Mystick Angel Demetor had met the boy of her dreams. A ball had been organised at Hogwarts for no apparent reason, and Rowanna Mystick Angel Demetor was of course going with the love of her life. Rebelliously flouting the unofficial house rules that a Gryffindor and Slytherin could not fall in love, Rowanna Mystick Angel Demetor had fallen madly in love with Blaise Zabini who of course had taken one look at Rowanna Mystick Angel Demetor's flowing golden hair that was like liquid fire, and her beautiful jewel bright sapphire eyes, and fallen madly in love with the honey maned beauty. Rowanna Mystick Angel Demetor had previously been dating Harry Potter and Draco Malfoy, but she'd ditched them both in favour of Blaise. She was sure they'd understand, despite their heartbreak. Rowanna Mystick Angel Demetor had chosen a beautiful dress that set off her dazzling hair and skin like peaches and cream. It was exactly the same colour as her intense azure eyes, and she was sure that Blaise would adore her in it. Rowanna Mystick Angel Demetor could not wait for the dance; she was sure that she would be the belle of the ball!
General Competition Rules.
1. Character. When entering, you need to enter with one character and stay with it the entire time. This means that your dolls hair and skin colour must remain the same throughout, unless otherwise stated in the round theme.
2. Base. You must use the same base set throughout, so pick one with a variety of poses. This base should also be medium in size for handdrawn dollers (comparable in size to the "Moe" bases here: DHF : Doll on the Hill Factory). Dollmaker users should use the shuni style base.
3. Theft. No stealing the work of another. This applies to both handdrawn and dollmaker participants, so do not submit a doll that someone else made or, for handdrawn dollers, mix and match pieces of completed dolls that are not your own. All work should be original and failure to comply will result in disqualification.
4. Props. Props and backgrounds are encouraged, but should not be massive. We will ask too large of entries to reduce their size, so be reasonable.
5. Transparency. We ask that all dolls have transparent background and is a GIF file. If you dont know how to do this, see the following thread: How to Make Backgrounds Transparent
6. Forbidden. Sexually explicit, nudity or overly bloody dolls are forbidden. Entering one could result in disqualification. Also, animation and glitter is not allowed as it creates an unequal field for those who can't animate.
7. Theme. Every doll should relate to the theme. While we encourage creativity, failure to keep with the theme can get you eliminated automatically that round.
8. Judges. No one is allowed to use friendship or promises to sway a judges decision. Threats, bribery, and attempts to interfere or discover the judges decisions in anyway will result in disqualification. Arguing with the judges can result in an automatic elimination.
9. Competing. You can only submit one entry for each competition, so choose wisely.
10. Entries. You may enter both competitions if you wish. Make sure, however, that you do not enter the same profile for both competitions; it must be different.
Each entry must consist of a doll and a drabble. The drabble must be at least 100 words, tho a longer and more colourful entry will gain in points over one that is just the bare minimum.
Round 2: The Mary Sue In Love.
This round is to show your Mary Sue in love. Create a doll to represent her, and also write a short drabble to tell the story of your Sue's true love, whether he be a made up Gary Stu or a horribly warped canon character. Go mad with the pointless description, the character destruction (if your Sue's love is a canon character), the purple prose and the unnecessary detail. Any questions, feel free to PM me.
Please submit all Handdrawn entries here. Judges are as before, myself and Silent_Wolf, and the end date is October 31st. An extension can be granted if need be, but try to get your entries in as soon as is possible. Good luck everyone!
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With thousands expected on Georgia reservoirs and rivers this holiday weekend, a new Department of Natural Resources video stresses water safety through the story of a south Georgia fishing trip that almost turned tragic.
Daniel Fields of Pembroke and two of his sons were bank fishing along the Ohoopee River in Tattnall County on July 4, 2011, when first one of the boys, then the other fell in. Neither could swim. Fields, only a marginal swimmer, jumped in to help.
All were struggling in deep water when Sgt. Don Dasher and Ranger 1st Class Clint Jarriel of DNR's Wildlife Resources Division pulled them out, with the help of a bystander. Dasher and Jarriel had been checking anglers at the Ga. 147 bridge, their last stop of the evening on a busy July Fourth.
The video posted on the Wildlife Resources Division's YouTube channel features interviews with the Fields and the conservation officers, and emphasizes safety tips such as the use of personal flotation devices. As of Aug. 15, 32 people have drowned in Georgia lakes, rivers and ponds this year.
Lt. Col. Jeff Weaver said the video's take-home message is that "accidents happen." For non-swimmers and in accordance with safe-boating laws, "It's best to wear your life jackets and be prepared," Weaver said.
"Ohoopee River Rescue" is available at www.youtube.com/GeorgiaWildlife. More information on swimming and boating safety can be found at www.georgiawildlife.com/boating/safety.
Lawmakers in the state House and Senate recently honored Jarriel and Dasher with resolutions.


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Team G Loomis took third place in the TEFF National bank Team finals at Westlowe Mere fishery in Cheshire.
The team which consisted of Simon Robinson, Andrew Scott and Dave Parker beat of some tough competition from the 16 teams which had qualified for the prestigious final from all of the country. The team took a total of 18 fish on a wide variety of methods on a day when many anglers struggled to catch to finish in a very respectable 3rd place. The winners of the even were the Chatton Chasers with Stonebridge AAAs taking second place.
The team all used GLX Max Competition rods during the event.


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I have a game going with the Barbarian class, and I seem to be getting killed more often with him than any other class. Is there a secret/tip to using him that I am missing? My stat for armor (going off the top of my head since I don't have access to my game right now) is probably closer to 300, but I'm getting my butt kicked bad in Act 1, on normal difficulty! I know this is probably a stupid question, something easy that I am missing...
The number one thing I'd say to you is make sure you've got Revenge on your skill bar, and that you use it whenever it triggers. But for some more long winded advice, keep reading...
Well, as a melee-centered class, you certainly don't want to neglect armor, but on Normal you shouldn't need to be raiding the AH to get survivable gear levels. It's hard to say exactly how much armor you need to survive, since it changes by level, but if you're sitting at around 50-60% damage reduction, that should be plenty at this stage in the game.
Your problem probably isn't really damage mitigation, unless you're running around half-naked. You probably just need to focus on ways to regain health. You've got a few options to help out in both cases, though. I'm assuming you're level 19 or less, and probably more realistically around level 12-14 right now.
At very low levels, high levels of armor will probably not help you, as your problems may be more related to a low health pool and low passive defense (dodge, resistances, etc).
I would recommend instead ofcusing on:
Strength increase your damage as Barbarian and for all classes it also increase your armor.
The best combo you may focus is
With this, you get health enough to survive and armor/damage to kill
I hardly ever died when I was a low level barbarian. What you need to focus on would be your main stats (strength/vitality). There really shouldn't be any need at all to visit the AH. I never even opened it up until I was level 45ish. Also I've learned from playing multiple different classes that you may just need to try mixing up different combinations of powers. Find a combo that flows perfectly together and that works best for you!


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Mulberry Bush welcomes Letterbox customers shopping for traditional and wooden toys. Mulberry Bush has acquired the Letterbox brand and has a fantastic selection of toys for boys and girls of all ages.
If you liked the Letterbox range you'll be equally delighted with the Mulberry Bush collection. From wooden play kitchens to children's dressing up, from personalised gifts to wooden fire engines, from toddlers to older children – we've got it covered and you'll be spoilt for choice!
Looking for a Letterbox bestseller? Mulberry Bush offers an extensive range with many of the same or very similar popular toys. Choose from some of the best sellers below or alternatively browse using the categories above. And if you need any advice please call us – we're a family run business with 18 years' experience and our friendly, knowledgeable staff will be pleased to help you. Happy shopping!
Please note Letterbox Catalogue codes are not searchable on our site as we have our own codes. If you are looking for a particular product please search by product name.
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Consider an action that is gauge invariant. Do we obtain the same information from the following:
Find the equations of motion, and then fix the gauge?
Fix the gauge in the action, and then find the equations of motion?
Consider an action that is gauge invariant. Do we obtain the same information from the following:
I) Here we will assume that we ultimately want to consider the full quantum theory, usually written in terms of a gauge-fixed path integral
$$Z~=~\int \!{\cal D}\phi~ \exp\left(\frac{i}{\hbar}S_{\rm gf}[\phi]\right) $$
rather than just the classical action and the corresponding classical equations of motion (with or without gauge-fixing terms). If the gauge orbits have infinite volume (as is often the case), then we need to gauge-fix the path integral.
Of course, if we by brute force eliminate a field in the action via a gauge-fixing condition, then we can no longer carry out a variation of the action with respect to that field, and we would have lost information.
II) However, here we will only consider a 'softer' way to impose the gauge-fixing conditions via Lagrange multipliers, which may appear linearly or quadratically in the gauge-fixed action. The linear case leads directly to delta functions in the path integral, which impose the gauge-fixing conditions; while the quadratic case leads to Gaussian terms in the path integral, which suppress (but do not completely forbid) field configurations that violate the gauge-fixing condition. (Nevertheless, in a certain scaling limit, the Gaussian factors become delta functions.)
Together with the original fields, the (non-propagating, auxiliary) Lagrange multipliers are part of the fields $\phi$ in the path integral that is integrated over. In particular, the gauge-fixed action $S_{\rm gf}[\phi]$ can be varied with respect to these Lagrange multiplier fields as well.
These 'softly imposed' gauge-fixing conditions still do affect the variation of the action (as opposed to not imposing the gauge-fixing conditions). However, a more relevant question is:
The answer is No, i.e. within the class of consistent gauge-fixing terms in the action, the specific form of the gauge-fixing terms in the corresponding equations of motion has no physical consequences.
III) For more general gauge theories, the equations of motion are e.g. not gauge-invariant, and it is better to encode the gauge symmetry via a (generalized) fermionic nilpotent BRST symmetry $\delta$ that squares to zero
and preserves the original action
$$\delta S_0~=~0.$$
The gauge-fixed action $$S_{\rm gf}=S_0+\delta\psi$$ is the original action $S_0$ plus a BRST-exact term $\delta\psi$ that depends on the so-called gauge-fixing fermion $\psi$, which encodes the gauge-fixing condition.
A physical observable $F=F[\phi]$ in the theory is required to be BRST-closed
$$\delta F~=~0.$$
Formally, if the path integral measure is BRST-invariant, one may show that the correlation function for a physical observable
$$\langle F[\phi] \rangle ~=~ \frac{ \int \!{\cal D}\phi~ F[\phi]\exp\left(\frac{i}{\hbar}S_{\rm gf}[\phi]\right)} {\int \!{\cal D}\phi~ \exp\left(\frac{i}{\hbar}S_{\rm gf}[\phi]\right)} $$
is independent of the gauge-fixing fermion $\psi$. (Note however, that the gauge-fixing fermion $\psi$ is required to satisfy certain rank conditions, and it can e.g. not be chosen to be identically zero.)
IV) Finally, let us mention, that an even bigger class of Lagrangian gauge theories can be treated with the help of the Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) formalism.
No, it is not always consistent to first fix the gauge before deriving equations of motion. Consider electromagnetism coupled to matter. One can perform a gauge transformation to set $A_0=0$. However, if this is done in the action before deriving the equations of motion, then one will miss out on the $A_0$ equation of motion which guarantees the conservation of electric charge.
When attempting to derive sufficiently symmetric solutions, it is sometimes possible to begin by choosing an appropriate ansatz, even at the level of the action. But this is something of an art, and is not guaranteed to be consistent with the full equations of motion evaluated on that same ansatz.


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Enter your zip code for product availability and pickup options at your nearest store or select a store by state.
Our wall-mounted Hookaboo Hook Rack by Umbra adds a fun twist to organization; the hooks remain hidden until you simply pull them down. Each rectangular hook features smooth, rounded corners and edges. The mixed materials create a warm, yet contemporary feel that looks great with most any home décor. Shop all Umbra.
Enter your zip code for product availability and pickup options at your nearest store or select a store by state.
Bamboo is a group of woody perennial evergreen plants of the grass family. Some of its members are giant bamboo, forming by far the largest members of the grass family. Bamboo is the fastest growing woody plant in the world: up to three to four feet a day. This accelerated growth rate allows bamboo to be harvested in three to five years, far more often than the 10 to 20 year harvest cycle of most softwoods. Unlike the environmental damage caused by the deforestation of trees, proper harvesting of bamboo leaves the root system intact, creating little or no topsoil disruption. This renewable, sustainable resource produces 35% more oxygen than its equivalent in trees while reducing carbon dioxide gas that is blamed for global warming. With the tensile strength of steel, it's the strongest growing woody plant in the world.


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Return to Title IV
Treatment of Title IV Aid When a Student Withdraws
The law specifies how City College of San Francisco (CCSF) must determine the amount of Title IV program assistance that you earn if you withdraw from school. The Title IV programs that are covered by this law are: Federal Pell Grants, Iraq and Afghanistan Service Grants, Direct Loans, Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants (FSEOGs), and Federal Perkins Loans.
Though your aid is posted to your account at the start of each period, you earn the funds as you complete the period. If you withdraw during your payment period, the amount of Title IV program assistance that you have earned up to that point is determined by a specific formula. If you received less assistance than the amount that you earned, you may be able to receive those additional funds. If you received more assistance than you earned, the excess funds must be returned by the school and/or you.
The amount of assistance that you have earned is determined on a pro rata basis. For example, if you completed 30% of your payment period or period of enrollment, you earn 30% of the assistance you were originally scheduled to receive. Once you have completed more than 60% of the payment period or period of enrollment, you earn all the assistance that you were scheduled to receive for that period.
If you did not receive all of the funds that you earned, you may be due a post-withdrawal disbursement. If your post-withdrawal disbursement includes loan funds, CCSF must get your permission before it can disburse them. You may choose to decline some or all of the loan funds so that you don't incur additional debt. CCSF may automatically use all or a portion of your post-withdrawal disbursement of grant funds for tuition, or fees charges. The school needs your permission to use the post-withdrawal grant disbursement for all other school charges. If you do not give your permission (some schools ask for this when you enroll), you will be offered the funds. However, it may be in your best interest to allow the school to keep the funds to reduce your debt at the school. There are some Title IV funds that you were scheduled to receive that cannot be disbursed to you once you withdraw because of other eligibility requirements. For example, if you are a first-time, first-year undergraduate student and you have not completed the first 30 days of your program before you withdraw, you will not receive any Direct Loan funds that you would have received had you remained enrolled past the
30th day.
If you receive excess Title IV program funds that must be returned, CCSF must return a portion of the excess equal to the lesser of:
- your institutional charges multiplied by the unearned percentage of your funds, or
- the entire amount of excess funds.
CCSF must return this amount even if we didn't keep this amount of
your Title IV program funds.
If CCSF is not required to return all of the excess funds, you must return the remaining amount.
Any loan funds that you must return, you repay in accordance with the terms of the promissory note. That is, you make scheduled payments to the holder of the loan over a period of time.
Any amount of unearned grant funds that you must return is called an overpayment. The maximum amount of a grant overpayment that you must repay is half of the grant funds you received or were scheduled to receive. You do not have to repay a grant overpayment if the original amount of the overpayment is $50 or less. You must make arrangements with your school or the Department of Education to return the unearned grant funds.
The requirements for Title IV program funds when you withdraw are separate from any CCSF refund policy. Therefore, you may still owe funds to the school to cover unpaid institutional charges. CCSF will also charge you for any Title IV program funds that the school was required to return. If you don't already know CCSF's refund policy , you should ask a copy. CCSF can also provide you with the requirements and procedures for officially withdrawing from school.
Word of Advise
If you are thinking of withdrawing or just leaving… Please, think again.
Immediately see an academic counselor in the Financial Aid Office, Cloud Hall 324 to discuss your academic or personal reasons for leaving. Perhaps you can stay but take fewer courses. May be there are services (like tutoring or personal support) that will help you stay. Talk to your teachers; see what advice and help they can offer.
Don't leave unless you must. But if you must, take care of business before you go.
Begin the withdrawal process at the Office of Admissions and Records,
Conlan Hall 107. The Financial Aid Office in Cloud Hall 324 will
notify you of how much you will owe and how you will have to repay
it. You can repay the amount owed to Tuition and Fees Office, Smith
Hall 118. If you leave without taking care of this and you owe money,
the Financial Aid Office will have to put a NATIONAL HOLD on
your student aid eligibility. After the hold is placed, you will be
required to contact the Federal Government and arrange for regular
re-payments. After the repayment arrangement is made, you may regain
your student aid eligibility. CCSF does not have the authority to
waive or write off the repayment requirement, regardless of the reason
for the withdrawal, including extenuating circumstances such as
illness, accident or personal loss.


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I have few domains, I don't want to use it on my website and I want to redirect different server, says site not available. I would be happy if I can set different message for every domain.
GoDaddy has a service for parked domains, I'm sure other registrars have similar services too, but basically it's just a simple single page website, perhaps with some contact information so you could sell your domain... you can make one webpage for all your parked domains and redirect all of them to this page.
Redirecting shouldn't be a problem, right?


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I was speaking with some friends of mine, one of whom was an aerospace engineer. He posited the infeasibility of a hypothetical "Margaritaville Satellite" that orbited earth in such a way that wherever it was above, it was six-o'clock (the idea being, the Margaritaville Satellite is in Happy Hour 24/7), matching Earth's rotation exactly.
However, there was disagreement on whether or not the satellite could actually be put in such an orbit, as if it were rotating at the exact speed of earth, it would effectively just be "falling" straight towards Earth.
Is it possible to sync a satellite's orbiting with the time of day of the earth without some sort of propulsion to keep it aloft?


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Let $\boldsymbol{\theta}=(\theta_1,\ldots,\theta_m)$ be a vector of real numbers in $[-\pi,\pi]$. For $t\ge 0$, define $$ f(t,\boldsymbol{\theta}) = \binom{m+t-1}{t}^{-1} \sum_{j_1+\cdots+j_m=t} \exp(ij_1\theta_1+\cdots+ij_m\theta_m),$$ where the sum is over non-negative integers $j_1,\ldots,j_m$ with sum $t$. Note that the number of terms in the sum is $\binom{m+t-1}{t}$, so $|f(t,\boldsymbol{\theta})|\le 1$ with equality occurring when all the $\theta_j$s are equal.
For a problem in asymptotic combinatorics, we need a bound on $|f(t,\boldsymbol{\theta})|$ that decreases rapidly as the $\theta_j$s move apart and is valid for all $\boldsymbol{\theta}$. Surely this problem has been studied before?
Note that $\binom{m+t-1}{t}f(t,\boldsymbol{\theta})$ is the coefficient of $x^t$ in $$\prod_{j=1}^m (1-xe^{i\theta_j})^{-1},$$ which suggests some sort of contour integral approach.


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Disney's Animal Kingdom Theme Park
Valid Park Admission Required
Tweens, Teens, Adults
Accessibility and Other Information - Opens a dialog
Behind the Scenes, What's New, Animal Encounters
The Journey See hippos and crocodiles just 10 feet below as you make your way across a shaky rope bridge, secured to an overhead track with a safety harness. Ride in a rugged safari vehicle over an open savanna teeming with native African creatures—from towering giraffes to powerful rhinos.
On your journey, your knowledgeable guide will share little-known insights on the majestic animals on view as well as the general operation of Disney's Animal Kingdom theme park.
And as if your trek weren't memorable enough, you'll receive a complimentary souvenir as well!
Complimentary Photo Services A trained photographer will take pictures throughout the adventure—a service that's included with your tour. While you enjoy close encounters with the animals of the Harambe Reserve, the photographer will capture all the action and excitement.
At the end of your expedition, you'll receive a photo code that you can use to access and download images taken during your Wild Africa Trek experience.
Prices Wild Africa Trek is $189 to $249 per person, plus tax. Prices vary based on season.
Please Note: This tour requires a separate admission ticket to Disney's Animal Kingdom theme park.
Show Less
Sample Menu
Please note: Menu items are subject to change without notice.
Offer valid from April 24 through October 22, 2016. To book a reservation, please call (407) WDW-TOUR or (407) 939-8687. Guests under 18 years of age must have parent or guardian permission to call.
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I made a hollandaise sauce on the weekend and it split so I threw it out and started again but I was wondering if there is anything you can do to save it once it splits?
You can rescue it by starting the process again, with an egg yolk in a bowl over a bain-marie which you whisk until it starts to thicken a little. then incorporate a little warm melted butter into the egg yolk. Once this is incorporated you can slowly start to add the split hollandaise and this should then incorporate into the new base, unsplit.
There is a video here
Jacques Pepin, in his book "Complete Techniques", recommends to try first save the mixture as soon as you see it starts getting oily around the edges, by adding a tablespoon of cold water or an ice cube and beating well.
If that doesn't save it, then:
This technique works well. If your sauce starts to split take the pot off the heat immediately and put he entire pot in the sink in an inch of ice cold water to cool it quickly. Add a tsp of ice cold water to the sauce and whisk vigorously. May have to add a 2nd tsp but don't add too much at once.
If you find your sauce splitting often try a little lower heat or a copper pot for better heat distribution.
To hold the sauce at temp a thermos works well.
What I do is to take the pot off the heat, then put a clean pot on the heat and add between a tea spoon and a table spoon of lemon juice. Then gradually add the split sauce from your original pot a table spoonful at a time, or at a very slow trickle. Whisk the sauce all the time. It works like a charm.
We put it back in the blender and pulsed a few times. Good as new!
If a sauce has separated, take it off the heat, throw in an ice cube, stir. Saved me many times.
Add a splash of cold milk and whisk. It is smooth and glossy within seconds.


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I am trying to add the last modified by, and modified date to any wiki pages that are created. I would like these to be added automatically and can not seem to find a way of doing this.
I am running sharepoint foundation 2010.
Any help or guidance is appreciated


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The first regatta on the ABYC calendar is the Rose Bowl Regatta. Held in early January, it brings not only local college sailing teams but also teams from the East and Gulf Coasts and the Midwest to Southern California. It is alsoa well-attended high-school sailing event, with teams ranging from the Canadian border to the Mexican border and Hawaii.
The US SAILING ISAF Youth Worlds Qualifier will determine the sailors who will represent the U.S. at the Youth Sailing ISAF Youth World Championship. US SAILING and ABYC will draw the nation's top youth sailors to the West Coast to vie for a spot on the ISAF Youth Worlds starting line and to be a member of the 2012 US Sailing Youth Development Team.
The selection for the 2012 US Sailing Youth Development Team will take place at this event. See the US Sailing website
2012 US Sailing Development Team
for details.
Online registration through US SAILING Regatta Network is available. Click on the link below.
ABYC members can join US Sailing at a discounted rate. Click on the link to apply.
For information as to how to become a member of Alamitos Bay Yacht Club go to
Press Release 20 Oct 2011
Sunday Sailing with the ABYC Sr Sabot Fleet. Three races are scheduled, with the warning signal for each day at 11:55.


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The group axioms demand that one has an inverse element. When it comes to multiplication zero has no inverse element because one cannot reconstruct the original number after it was multiplied by zero:
There is an irreversible loss of information!
Therefore all numbers cannot form a group under multiplication as long as zero is included.
When it comes to matrices some matrices have an inverse, some don't have one. Singular matrices have determinant zero and don't have one. When the column vectors are linear dependent the determinant is zero and the matrix is singular.
My question
Where does the loss of information happen here? How is 'more' information lost when a vector is multiplied by a singular matrix (compared to multiplying it by an invertible matrix)?


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Home > Food > Recipes > Italian Roll-Ups
Italian Roll-Ups
Categories: No cook
Type: Appetizers and Snacks
Type: Appetizers and Snacks
Turkey breast, mozzarella, artichokes, and other exciting ingredients make these rollups truly Italian.
Serves: 48 appetizers
- 8 flour tortillas (10-inch rounds)
- 1 1/2 cups nonfat or reduced-fat cream cheese (plain or garlic-and-herb flavor)
- 1 pound thinly sliced roasted turkey breast, or 1 pound thinly sliced ham, at least 97% lean
- 8 ounces thinly sliced nonfat or reduced-fat mozzarella cheese or reduced-fat provolone cheese
- 1/2 cup bottled nonfat creamy Italian or roasted garlic salad dressing
- 48 fresh tender spinach or arugula leaves
- 1/2 cup coarsely chopped black olives
- 32 1/4-inch-thick strips commercial roasted red pepper (about one 7-ounce jar)
- 4 thin slices red onion, separated into rings
- 9 ounces frozen (thawed) artichoke hearts,
- chopped, or 1 can (14 ounces) artichoke hearts, drained and chopped
Save Recipe
Add to shopping list
- Arrange the tortillas on a flat surface, and spread each with 3 tablespoons of cream cheese, extending the cheese to the outer edges. Lay 2 ounces of sliced turkey or ham over the bottom half only of each tortilla, leaving a 1-inch margin on each outer edge. Place 1 ounce of sliced cheese over the meat, and spread with 1 tablespoon of the dressing. Arrange 6 spinach or arugula leaves over the cheese, and sprinkle with 1 tablespoon of olives. Arrange 4 red pepper strips and a few onion rings over the olive layer, and top with 3 tablespoons of artichoke hearts.
- Starting at the bottom, roll each tortilla up tightly. Cut a 1 1/4-inch piece off each end, and discard. Slice the remainder of each tortilla into six 1 1/4-inch pieces. Arrange the rolls on a platter and serve immediately, or cover with plastic wrap and refrigerate for up to 8 hours before serving.
excerpted from:
Excerpted from The Best-Kept Secrets of Healthy Cooking by Sandra Woodruff, R.D. Copyright � 2000 by Sandra Woodruff.
To order this book go to www.penguin.com. Get a 15% discount with the coupon code FENPARENT.
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If we encrypt a message twice with symmetric key $k_1$ first and then $k_2$ like $E_{k2}\{E_{k1}\{m\}\}$ , ideally we should decrypt with $k_2$ first and then $k_1$ but is it possible to decrypt with $k_1$ and then with $k_2$ ? Using any of the AES Modes preferably ?
What you are asking appears to be 'is AES commutative'? The short answer to which is no: encrypting with AES with key 1 then key 2 will not (generally) give the same output as encrypting with key 2 then key 1, which is what would be required for naive implementation.
However, there are modes in which AES can be used which would be commutative. For example, if you run AES in counter mode, then after encrypting with key1 and key2 through counter mode, we would have that the final cipher text $c_i$ was: $$c_i = m_i \oplus E_{k_1}(i) \oplus E_{k_2}(i)$$
Since XOR is commutative, we can write this as either
$$c_i = [m_i \oplus E_{k_1}(i)] \oplus E_{k_2}(i) = [m_i \oplus E_{k_2}(i)] \oplus E_{k_1}(i)$$
That is, whichever order you encrypt (and thus whichever order you decrypt) with respect to the two keys, you will reach the same ciphertext (and thus the same plaintext).
I haven't looked at it in detail, but I think the following article might be of use to you: "Is there two key symetric commutative encryption function?".
Edit: Just to point out, if one was to use counter mode in this way, you would have to either make sure the counters are initialised at different values, or that the keys are different - otherwise your 'encryption' would become $$c_i = m_i \oplus E_{k_1}(i) \oplus E_{k_1}(i) = m_i$$ Which is probably not a good thing...


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In the predawn darkness in the heart of winter, as most of their classmates are still in bed, four University of Colorado Boulder undergraduates ready themselves for an often brutal and bone-chilling ski uphill to research sites in the snow-encrusted Indian Peaks high above Boulder.
It's Friday morning. And as they do every Friday throughout the winter — regardless of snowstorms, bitter cold, or worse, the biting and unrelenting winds that are near-constant companions in the high mountains — a rotation of four of the six interns at CU-Boulder's Institute for Arctic and Alpine Research make the hour's drive from Boulder to the university's Mountain Research Station, tucked in the trees at 9,500 feet above the tiny hamlet of Ward.
From there, the students attach "climbing skins" to the bottom of their skis, strap on backpacks, step into bindings and begin a grueling three-mile, 1,500-foot climb to the first of the two research sites. If the conditions are safe, they'll carry on another "hard mile" and 500 feet higher to the final site on the gentle, rounded spine of Niwot Ridge.
Gathering data at the two sites is a valuable hands-on — and rare — learning experience for snow hydrology students. But perhaps more importantly, the data they collect by digging snow pits down to the grassy earth below is critical for helping scientists understand how the delicate high-altitude ecosystem is changing in the face of a warming climate.
"We are training them to be snow hydrologists, but the measurements they are taking are for real," said Mark Williams, an INSTAAR fellow who developed the snow intern program after coming to CU-Boulder in the early 1990s.
'I'm one of Mark's snow interns'
Before Williams arrived at the Mountain Research Station, which is the home base for a long-term ecological research project on Niwot Ridge that has been ongoing since 1980, snow surveys during the winter were erratic, due, at least in part, to the difficulty of reaching the sites. Williams, who ran his own backcountry ski operation as a younger man, was not daunted by the tough approach to the sites and enlisted eager, talented, and importantly, fit students to help with the project.
"Students have a really romantic view of snow hydrology, but it can be pretty brutal; it's a reality check for students," Williams said. "The bottom line is you get in really good shape."
Nearly two decades later, Williams has more students who are willing to participate each year than he has spots to fill, and graduates of the program leave with valuable credentials that give them a leg up in the snow hydrology world, whether they're applying for graduate school or looking for a job, such as working at the U.S. Department of Agriculture's snow telemetry program, known as SNOTEL.
"A number of snow interns are working at SNOTEL," Williams said. "All they have to say is, 'I'm one of Mark's snow interns.'"
The critical human element
Over the years, the measurements taken at both sites by undergraduates have been used to publish about a dozen peer-reviewed scientific studies. "We're providing data for long-term research projects," said snow intern Danielle Snyder, a senior in environmental studies. "We are the people who go out every week to get the data for the scatter plot (graphs used in the papers)."
One of the most recent papers published was a 2012 study that describes a new technique for using GPS devices to measure snow depth remotely. The snow-depth data collected by students provided a way to determine the accuracy of the GPS measurements. But even if the GPS technique becomes widely used, it won't replace the need for the students, Williams said.
"We haven't been able to replace the human element at all," Wiliams said. "You need ground-truthing. You need to dig pits. You need to stick your probes in."
'It really helps me learn it'
On a Friday morning in early March, blessed by relatively warm temperatures and near-absent winds, snow intern Kendal Gotthelf, also a senior majoring in environmental studies, stands neck-deep in a snow pit at the lower site taking the standard measurements collected each week. She measures the pit's depth, the number of layers, and the types of snow crystals that make up each stratum, which can range from tiny, prism-shaped particles to large, feathery plates that create the weak layers that increase avalanche danger in steeper terrain.
The snow interns also measure the density of each layer, which is critical to understanding how much water will actually be available when the snow begins to melt in the spring, and they test the hardness, pressing their fists and fingers into the snow to estimate each layer's integrity. Finally, they collect snow samples that will be tested back in the lab to determine the snow chemistry — including the concentration of nitrates, a pollutant emitted from tailpipes and by fertilizers — and to measure the tiny microbes that teem beneath the surface, an ecological discovery that CU-Boulder researchers are at the forefront of.
"We talk about all this stuff in class, and then we actually see it in the field," said Gotthelf, who took a snow hydrology class last year. "It really helps me learn it." And besides cementing lessons learned in the classroom, the snow internship program offers an adventure.
"I love that we can do stuff outdoors, unlike other internships you could do where you'd be stuck in the office," Gotthelf said.
This year's snow interns are being led by graduate student Katya Hafich, and they include Kelsey Hewitt, Robert Semborski, Brent Butler and Jimmy Howe, along with Snyder and Gotthelf.
Learn more about the research going on at Niwot Ridge and CU-Boulder's Mountain Research Station by watching this video.


text:
Law and freedom
The theme that Augustine so stressed, about the movement from external law to the inner law written on ones mind and heart, is also found in many places in the writings of St. Thomas. Here is a link to an articlewhich, after discussing the views of St. Ignatius Loyola,has a helpful summary of Aquinass view on the relationship between written law and inward law. Here are two passages from St. Thomass commentaries on St. Pauls Epistles:
Where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom (2 Cor 3:17) and A law is not given for a just person (1 Tim 1:9) Some people mistakenly take these words to mean that spiritual people are not obliged by the precepts of the divine law. But this is false. Gods precepts are the rule for the human will. There is no human being, nor even any angel, whose will does not have to be regulated and directed by the divine law. It is impossible, then, for any human being not to be subject to Gods precepts.The statement, A law is not given for a just person, should be interpreted thus: A law is not given for the sake of righteous people, who are moved by an inner habit to do the things Gods law commands, but for the sake of the unrighteous, even though the righteous also are bound by it.Similarly, the statement, Where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom, should be understood thus: A free person is one who exists for his own sake [Liber est causa suiAristotle] while a slave is someone who exists for the sake of his lord. Whoever acts from himself, therefore, is free, while whoever acts because moved by another is not acting freely. Anyone, therefore, who avoids evil not because it is evil but because of a command of the Lord, is not free, while one who avoids evil because it is evil is free. This is what the Holy Spirit does: he perfects the mind inwardly by a good habit so that one avoids evil out of love, as if a divine law were commanding it. He is therefore said to be free, not in the sense that he is not subject to the divine law, but because by a good habit he is inclined to do what the divine law ordains. (Aquinas on 2 Cor 3:17)
Commenting on Rom 2:14, Since Gentiles, who do not have the law, naturally do what the law requires, not having the law, they are the law for themselves, Aquinas has this:
... He shows their dignity in that although they do not have the Jewish law, they are the law for themselves insofar as they perform the function of the law in their own regard by instructing themselves and leading themselves to the good; because, as the Philosopher says, Law, emanating from a certain wisdom and prudence, has compulsive force (Ethics, Bk. 10, ch. 91179b). Which is why it is said that a law is not made for a just person (1 Tim 1:9), that is, it is not compelled by an external law, but is set down for the unrighteous, who need to be forced from without.And the highest level of dignity among human beings is this: that they are led to the good not by others but by themselves. The second level is that of people who are led by another but without compulsion. The third is that of people who need to be compelled in order to become good. The fourth level is that of people who cannot be directed to the good even by compulsion.(Aquinas, In Epist. ad Romanos, ch. 2, lect. 3; Marietti edition, 216-217)
About the Author
Rev. Joseph A. Komonchak, professor emeritus of the School of Theology and Religious Studies at the Catholic University of America, is a retired priest of the Archdiocese of New York.
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I am reminded of a criticism I received on my approach to parental authority. In my household there are almost no rules, but there are expectations. I want my children to behave in certain ways, but I want them to do it, not because it's the rule, but because they themselves want to do it that way. They internalize my views and make them theirs. In that way, they will continue to do it freely even into adulthood. A friend commented that, in a way, although superficially it appears that I give them a lot of space, in reality my approach was restricting their freedom more than an authoritarian upbringing. When parents set down explicit rules, the children are free to form their own opinions and to disagree with their parents in their minds, as long as they follow the rules. The parents do not necessarily expect their children to, say, see the benefits of getting enough sleep at night, as long as they do get enough sleep at night. But my reach goes beyond external behavior and aims at shaping their internal attitude, at an age when they are still malleable. It's a much deeper form of coercion.He also likened it to a contrast between rule-based Judaism and "brain-washing" Catholicism.
I don't quite follow your friend's logic, Claire. I wonder what he would make of the antitheses at the beginning of the Sermon on the Mount....
I did something similar, equating freedom (as they got older) with trust. They were free to do reasonable things, as long as they didn't break the trust that they would behave appropriately. (I wasn't, however, above checking up on them to make sure they did, in fact, behave in that way. I followed the little one (Clare, then ~10 years old) to up to the shops one day to see if she would refrain from crossing the street as promised. Fortunately for her, she did!)
"one who avoids evil because it is evil" assumes the existence of an objective evil. If my son or daughter avoids something because they learned from me and believe that it is "wrong", but all that "wrong" means is that I think it's wrong - it's my own opinion, not an objective truth - then all I did was use my influence to form their minds after my own values. They are like one who avoids something because they believe, thanks to their upbringing, that it is evil.A parent who would be less self-righteous and who would have less confidence in their own judgment might require their children to act according to their values but would not try to get them to internalize them.Imagine I taught them that homosexuality is intrinsically disordered, that they internalized it, and that they avoid homosexual acts because they believe it is evil. Have they been brainwashed or are they righteous?
Claire: In response to your four comments: (1) "one who avoids evil because it is evil assumes the existence of an objective evil. JAK: It assumes that there are things that may accurately, truly, be described as evil.(2) If my son or daughter avoids something because they learned from me and believe that it is "wrong", but all that "wrong" means is that I think it's wrong - it's my own opinion, not an objective truth - then all I did was use my influence to form their minds after my own values. They are like one who avoids something because they believe, thanks to their upbringing, that it is evil.JAK: Lets insert a particular thing I would teach my son is wrong: lets say rape. It is my own opinion (Id say judgment), but it states what is the case: that it is evil to inflict sexual violence upon a person. I would like my son, because of the way I brought him up, to avoid rape because he, too, believes it wrong, and to avoid it precisely because it is wrong and not simply because I taught him this or because hes afraid of getting caught and punished.(3) A parent who would be less self-righteous and who would have less confidence in their own judgment might require their children to act according to their values but would not try to get them to internalize them.JAK: It is not self-righteousness to assert that rape is wrong, and I am glad to be confident enough to urge this judgment upon my son and to hope that he will make it his own and live by it.(4) Imagine I taught them that homosexuality is intrinsically disordered, that they internalized it, and that they avoid homosexual acts because they believe it is evil. Have they been brainwashed or are they righteous?JAK: If my child avoids homosexual acts because she believes them to be evil, she is acting out of inner conviction, gained, in this case, because I taught her that. People who disagree with that judgment will be tempted to call it brainwashing because they disagree with it. If the child had been brought up to think there is nothing wrong with homosexual acts, that, for such people, would not be a case of brainwashing.
The conundrum can be resolved by not only assuming the existence of an objective evil, but rationally thinking its existence through, as far as reason can take it. Both faith and reason will tell you that human flourishing is a good thing. I don't see anyone in the "secular" world disagreeing with the idea that human flourishing is a good thing:http://www.un.org/cyberschoolbus/humanrights/resources/child.aspI think that faith takes that flourishing to a further endpoint, the happy contemplation of God, but is coherent with where reason will take it, including physical, intellectual, and psychological flourishing. So anything that interferes with the good of flourishing can reasonably be considered evil (as Aquinas would say, the lack of a good). Such an approach can rationally support the identification of sexual violence as evil, because it obstructs flourishing. The hierarchy has not yet worked its way to seeing either contraception or homosexuality in terms of flourishing, but I think many of the faithful have, which is why attitudes towards them have changed and are changing.
The hierarchy has not yet worked its way to seeing either contraception or homosexuality in terms of flourishing, but I think many of the faithful have, which is why attitudes towards them have changed and are changing.Perhaps the hierarchy holds the truthful view and the faithful have been deceptively lead astray by the culture.
Whether the faithful hold the truthful view or not, they are at least open to the exercise of reason as applied to evidence. A hierarchy that punishes the discussion of certain issues because they are already "decided" betrays the intellectual tradition of the Church.
I'm glad you said what I was thinking Bruce [regarding artificial contraception, which was what I was thinking about] that perhaps it is the faithful who have been led astray.If we have faith that we are even now in this fallen world-a redeemed people then in spite of our own and the world's falleness-we should be living our lives here as if we are already spiritual beings. We should be looking to genesis before the fall as the way we authentically -are. Because by Christ through baptism we are graced again [like Adam and Eve originally were]We're made by God who is good and we're created in his image hence life -our life, our existence is also inherently good. To deny the possibility of giving life which is good , because of the temporal struggles of this fallen world - is to live as if we deny that we are already a resurrected spiritual people. Not every one has to get married but if married -then just as the pre-fallen adam and eve were told to be fruitful [because God is good and his creation is good] we who have faith that by Christs death he has redeemed the world-then we should live as if we're back in paradise.Because spiritually/authentically we are.[we're transformed into beings once again graced by God because of jesus' death.]The struggles of this fallen world should not trump what is essentially human about us-that we're created by God in his image.And created for eternal life with him. God is good hence human life is good .As redeemed people we should be open to life in marriage because the material trials of the world-having children in difficult circumstances or having goals that we may believe children detract from-are not what makes us essentially human/christian. Being open to life comports with the way we were created-before the fall.We should strive to live the way we were created to live-even if we fall short . Christian faith means faith that we have been-transformed by Christ. We're a spiritutal people called to live as authehtic humans here believing our true home is with God in heaven.That means in faith that becuase God is good and we're made in his image-life is good and hence being fruitful in marriage as Adam and Eve were created to be- is still good. Being open to life is an act of faith-in God's existence and goodness and in our redemption by Jesus Christ. Jesus is the "new Adam",the sinless one[even "greater then Adam" ]-Because we're graced by Jesus' salific act we can strive to live like Adam and Eve were intended by God to live-open to life.To flourish means to live in accordance to the way we were made. That means for us christians that we're created to be spiritual beings [who believe we're made by a God who loves us and made us in his image and though fallen, through Jesus even made us " worthy" of knowing him], and being open to life in spite of obstacles, is an acknowledgement of that.Artifical birth control places a false notion of flourishing,over what is authentically human/christian;living as already redeemed spirtual people ideally open to life and the natural rythms of the body of the woman regarding conception, as it is good and holy because "He has redeemed the world".Natural birth control conforms with the God made human body and intellect.Artificial birth control subverts the God made body and does not conform with authentic flourishing-but with materialism.It is subverts the authentic well being of a person.
JAK, I was hesitating to ask you how you know that it is evil, and not merely wrong in your subjective judgment, to inflict sexual violence upon a person, but fortunately Jeanne preemptively answered.Jeanne, you complain about "decided" issues, but are you not similarly elevating the "exercise of reason" to the level of a non-negotiable? There are people who prefer to follow their emotions, or some irrational intuition, or the assertions of their hierarchical superiors, or the consensus opinion. You (and I) may prefer reasoning, but is it not overbearing to require people to take that approach to what they believe? Why is reasoning the right way to go? Think, for example, of the simple devotional faith praised by Pope emeritus Benedict.Bruce: perhaps. Or vice versa. How can you know what is true, or that what is true really is true?
Claire: The Latin word malum can be translated as "evil" or also as "wrong," although the latter sounds rather weak to me. But I would be interested in knowing what distinction you make between "evil" and "wrong."
No distinction. "Merely" qualified "your subjective judgment". I was hesitating to ask you how you know that it is evil, and not evil merely in your subjective judgment.
Claire: All judgments are subjective, that is, made by human subjects. Some judgments are correct and some aren't, that is, some state what is the case and some don't. But no one reaches a knowledge of reality, or of what ought to be done, except by means of true judgments. "Objectivity," my mentor Bernard Lonergan, used to say, "is self-transcending subjectivity."So my answer to your question is this: I know that rape is evil by my subjective judgment. I wouldn't have much difficulty in giving the reasons that lead to my judgment that rape is wrong, evil, but I should think that they would be superfluous in this forum.
There are multiple layers to the quote above by Aquinas. Another dimension that is important to keep in mind is that interpreting the word "law" as we understand it according to our modern, positivist categories is different than the interpretation of the law that the ancient Jews and maybe even the Greeks had.Not ever vice needs to have a corresponding legislation against nor does every virtue need to be prescribed. The function of of the law, arguably, is instrumental in that it compels people to act in certain ways by way of force. This can be moral force by way of religious compulsion or actual policing and restriction of certain freedoms if the law is transgressed.Martin Luther King faced the dilemma of internal versus external compliance to the law by saying that the law will not change the heart but it will restrain the heartless. It seems to me that this is the function of the law. It is intended to restrain the heartless and facilitate justice. The problem with our legal system today is that it is manipulated by powerful, educated interest such that the law is not applied fairly or equitably. And the solution we always come up with is more laws!! With every social problem, we turn to the law. Our court system is jammed which is not a good thing. I don't think we need to be creating more market for lawyer, judges, police, etc. etc. Instead, we need to be building the moral character of our children and adults. And this is done through education, building of virtue, etc.
Claire, should we elevate the exercise of reason to the level of a non-negotiable? With two constraints, I would say, yes. First constraint: that we draw a proper distinction between knowledge (where evidence and reason are useful) and mystery (where it's not). If we draw the line between mystery and knowledge in just the right place, we wont have to accept things on faith that can in fact be reasoned about, and we wont depreciate those aspects of faith that dont make obvious sense because they are in fact mysteries. Second constraint: that as Catholics we actually push for the coherence of faith and reason, and test one by the other. Our tradition says that if what we know through reason is true, it cannot contradict something we know through faith, if that is also true. And visa versa. Not only can reason be tested by an understanding of the world that flows from faith, but faith can be tested by an understanding of the world that flows from reason.Does this mean that I think everyone on the planet needs to take this approach? No. We all find our own ways navigating the mysteries of existence.
Imagine I taught them that homosexuality is intrinsically disordered, that they internalized it, and that they avoid homosexual acts because they believe it is evil. Have they been brainwashed or are they righteous?
Neither. They are going to have to re-evaluate in light of further evidence and experience. And everyone does this, or should do this, as this is part of maturity. I can give a less highly charged and seemingly trivial example. I was raised by a Finnish mother and so grew up drinking coffee and LOVING sweetbreads. This was good, normal and part of visits and socializing. It is not that these things are bad in an of themselves but as I now grow and age, I notice that they might contribute to higher blood pressure and other things that might throw me off balance. My dad smoked and I did for a time when I was younger too. And sometimes when I catch a smell somewhere, I have fond memories.I internalized certain habits that were poor for my health. As I grew and learned and aged, I realized that I had to change some of these views and practices. This occurred through reason and experience.And to Jeanne's point though, even here, there is the mystery of iniquity. Why do people, even in the face of evidence and reason, still persist in "malum"? Whether that malum is as serious as adultery or as less serious, in a certain sense, of overindulging in poor nutritional foods (sweets, etc.) or even smoking.
I should obviously add: the exercise of reason should be a non-negotiable for those who have the capability for it.
Faith versus reason -- why does the opposition still excite argument? I think that one reason is that the secular rationalists believe (yes, believe) that faith is arrived at without any evidence to support it, that it is a matter only of wishful thinking. And, of course, that is true, and probably true of all of us. We all do some wishful thinking at times -- including the scientists who think that believers believe without any evidence, and so conclude that religious belief is all irrational.But I think the scientists make an important point -- belief without evidence is irrational. So the question becomes 'what sort of evidence for dogmas would justify belief? What sort of evidence is sufficient to motivate rational belief? The classic answer is a miracle that one perceives oneself, but those rarely happen if at all. So what constitutes rational religious evidence? I think there are at least a number of different answers, a number of roads or ways to the Lord. But I don't know of any theological consideration of the issue, at least no contemporary one that would appeal to those of us outside of theology. But I think the question desperately needs consideration. Kids and adults are leaving the Church because they find no *reason* to remain. So what are the reasons for accepting any dogma at all? And why accept any of the laws of the Church? They all in some way restrict our freedom. So why accept them? Sure, if they are God's laws the answer is that God tells us to accept them. But how do we know those laws are indeed God's? This is probably for another thread or ten or twenty.
After reading the article linked to above, and finding an ad for an e-book offering an e-retreat- introduction to Ignatian prayer blinking at me below the combox -- at least on my cookies-laden computer--I have to ask a question that has always puzzled me: what are the moral justifications for a vow of obedience to another human being by someone with the inner law written on his or her mind and heart? (Yes, I have read Ignatius on obedience and the discussions of same at the election of their present Father General, which seemed to temper the "galvanized corpse "notion of obedience. Still... it seems strange to expect a Christian to live by someone else's conscience, and especially so when as so often, the person one require oneself to obey might be pretty clearly dead wrong.)
A similar question is posed in that article p.441: "The doctrine of the Law of the Spirit raises questions about obedience also to the commands of superiors. There is a general difficulty which may be expressed in this way: in doing good, it is nobler to ac of one's own accord than to be led by another. Concerning the condition of men under the New Law, there is this special difficulty : if a man has the guidance of the Holy Spirit and clarity, what need does he have of obedience, especially of religious obedience? The life of obedience would seem to be less perfect."Beautifully clear question! It's a pleasure just to read it. Unfortunately the proposed answer is not as clear. It boils down to: "Obedience is a virtue"...
I don't believe that even the most fundamentalistic Jesuit would say that placing oneself under the vow of obedience means living "by someone else's conscience," but I'll leave it to Jesuits to explain (away?) the unfortunate statements that are part of their heritage. Taking a swipe at one of the statements, Fr. Yves Congar (O.P.) wrote, "There's nothing less obedient than a corpse." For Aquinas we are responsible for our obedience; that is, obedience is an exercise of freedom.
Initially i thought it was obvious that the church should oppose gay unions. After all God created male and female for procreation and marriage sacramentalizes that natural state of affairs.Homosexuality must therefore be a disorder-i had no problem thinking.That i thought would be a "true judgement" as Fr. Komonchak says.Now I'm not so sure.What is a correct judgement about homosexuality? [i'm wondering].What "states the case as it is?."Is it correct to say that homosexuality is a disorderbecause it is indeed the case that homosexual union does not lead to procreation?Is that a suffiecnt reason to make the judgement that therefore the church cannot recognize gay marriage?Is it a correct judgement to say that because God created male and female and their sexual union for procreation therefore marriage which sacramentalizes that reality has to be between men and women open to procreation?Can one not also say that is is also a correct judgement-it is also the case- that erotic love is never experienced jubjectively as a desire or drive to procreate.But it is experienced as a need, a desire doe its own sake. And ideally in healthy mature people becomes erotic love-of and for another person.Therefore erotic love, though couples biologically[incidentaly] with procreation is not from the stnd point of the subjective human being about procreation.If it is objectively true that people are born gayand if it is objectiely true that sexuality whether gay or straight is not experienced as a desire to procreate but as an erotic desire - which -in its mature idealized state-encompasses love for another person- mutual love of 2 people-could the church not judge homosexuality -the love of 2 people-as on par with heterrosexuality.Both gays and straights are subjectielyexperiencing the same thing-erotic drive, desire, love.It is from the persons perspective merely incoidental that staight sex leads to procreation.Yes it is how God made procreation. Bit God also made gay love.and neither gays or straigts experiece their sexu drive as a drive to procreate. though the drive to procreate exists[not in all people] ,that drive is different then the sex fdrive or thesexual love for another person.So for me anyway it is no longer so clear that because hereterosex is needed for procreation which God sacramentalizes in marriage ,that therefore gay marriage cannot also be sacramentalized .We're human beings -we're not machines and just because the biology [mechanics here] of procreation require male and female unioin- human beings are also and more essentially made in Gods image- and God is love .Love is found in both gay and straights.[God is love and he who abides in love abides in God and God in him.]Gays may indeed be disordered biologically as they are attracted sexually to people that there bodily union with will not result in procreation-[i'm including the sex drive as a physical drive because it is determined-we have no choice in the matter,] but having a disordered physical condition does not mar the capacity and call to live authehtically human/christian lives. Our humanness, essentially resides in our conformity with Jesus who calls us to love one another.Homosexuality which in spite of its uncoupling from procreation is as given as heterosexuality and both givens separate subjectively- love from procreation-so both should be validated as conforming to what is of God-loving one another.[though heterosexual unions not open to the way God made them by using artificial contraception does subvert the human person called to live in synch with ones healthy body open to life].For the Church to accept homosexual unions would be perhaps to abide by God's commandmant to love one another, as homosexual love is also conforming [like heterosexual love] to Jesus' commandmant.
rose-ellen --Good for you! You're looking at the evidence both pro and con, then using your God-given power of reasoning to try to reach a conclusion which is based on the evidence. Not shred of rhetoric in your whole long paragraph:-) Yay, rose-ellen!!
JAK --Did Aquinas say anything about making exceptions to vows, i.e., breaking them? (It would seem to be relevant when talking about the whole current divorce problem in the Church.)
Ann: I don't know.