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WLP036 Dusseldorf Alt Yeast
Traditional Alt yeast from Dusseldorf, Germany. Produces clean, slightly sweet alt beers. Does not accentuate hop flavor as WLP029 does.
Style Performance Listing
A listing of how this style ranks amongst different brew styles, on a scale from 0 to 4.
|American Style Cream Ale
|American Style Wheat Ale
|Fruit Beer
|Herbs & Spice Beer
|Specialty Beers
|Specialty Honey Ales
|Smoke Flavored Beer
|Golden Ale Canadian Style Ale
|German Style Kolsch
|Classic English Style Pale Ale
|English Style India Pale Ale
|American Style Pale Ale
|American Style India Pale Ale
|American Style Amber
|English Style Bitter
|English Style ESB
|Scottish Style Ale
|Irish Style Red Ale
|English Style Brown Ale
|American Style Brown Ale
|German Style Brown and Dusseldorf Altbier
|Robust Porter
|Brown Porter
|Classic Irish Style Dry Stout
|Foreign Style Stout
|Sweet Stout
|Oatmeal Stout
|English Old Ale English & American Strong Ale
|Barley Wine Strong Ale
|Strong Scotch Ale
|Imperial Stout
Feedback and experiences from previous customers. Want to leave a review of your own?
"... my local HBS is out ... "
Beautiful result; nice and malty, a bit sweet, perfectly balancing the noble hops (Tettnanger and Spalter), with that unique rye tang (20% of the grain bill). Quick fermentation at 60-62F, solid flocculation, made this a very easy yeast to work with. The only downside is that my local HBS is out and I'm trying to grow it back up from bottle dregs to use again!
"... one of my top two"
Not entirely sure what happened with this one, but first time using this yeast. Mashed at 150, fermented at about 68-72 (just using a water bath and letting it go). Fermentation lasted for about six days initially. Rest occurred for about three then started fermenting again for about another seven days at about 75% of the initial rate. At transfer the beer had almost no body. Flocculation was not great either. Lots of yeast production. Transferred the beer to cornelius kegs where I left for three weeks. Yeast dropped entirely to create a wonderfully bright beer. With the carbonation beer rounded out beautifully. Bitterness was a little apparent than would have liked due to lower residual, but overall yeast went from one of my least favorite to one of my top two! Will be doing this one again
"One note of caution ... "
Just as winter was in its last throws, I decided to brew a simple altbier, as I was able to ferment at lower temperatures. As commercial altbiers are rare in my region, I have nothing to compare the beer to, except guidelines. That said, I would say the yeast (the headliner of the show) was able to present the maltiness of the beer in a uniquely clean, crisp manner (akin to a lager). I was pleasantly surprised at the result. One note of caution from my experience with this yeast is that it produced a very highly carbonated beer (even though I used considerably less dextrose than in previous batches). I don't know if this is common or not to this yeast.
"WLP029 vs. WLP036"
WLP029 flocs out somewhat more easily than WLP036 and ferments better a bit warmer. Where I like WLP036 fermenting around 52F, WLP029 has given me great results at 57F. WLP029 will make a great Altbier and is the preferred yeast for Kölsch. WLP036 is excellent for Altbier, but lacking the character WLP029 provides to the more delicate Kölsch style. As always, with a cooler fermentation, you need to pitch much more yeast, so I always make a big starter when brewing up a German-style ale. WLP029 and WLP036 are excellent yeast choices for cold-fermented ales, but I would not use either German ale yeast if you do not have adequate fermentation temperature control, as they are known to be a lot more testy than the very-similar WLP001. If you want to brew a Kölsch or Alt and you are fermenting at or around room temperature, do yourself a favor and use WLP001 instead. (Note: this review also appears on the WLP029 page).
"... wow what a wonderful taste ..."
Tossed 1 vial (no starter) in my first Alt (SG 1.054) and had vigorous fermentation within 12 hours (made me very happy), Secondary 5 days later then lowered temp from 67 to 61 for 3 weeks. I did give things a little stir after 2 weeks in the secondary because SG was at 1.020 and I am used to a bit more attenuation, but the joke is on me. One week after stirring SG is still at 1.020 which is about 66% attenuation and reading the description further I found this was on the low end of the expected range so I gave it another 7 days with no change and bottled. After 2 weeks in the bottle, wow what a wonderful taste, the low attenuation left the beer slightly sweet and with a lot of maltyness; what a great beer, it may be the best thing I have ever brewed. Cheers
Frequently Asked Questions
It lists 65-69 as appropriate fermentation temp. I fermented lower due to literature on typical Alt production. I was at 62F. What I found is a very fast start to fermentation. Very vigorous fermentation that was totally complete in 4 days. This was totally not what I expected. This was faster than the fermentation I get with 001 or 002 (same starting gravity). Is it possible that this yeast should be fermented even lower than what your range is, or is what I experienced OK and not unexpected?
That fermentation time is still acceptable. You could lower the temp, but that is up to you. I caution two things when fermenting lower than our recommended range: 1.) sometimes the yeast will become stressed and produce sulphur and 2.) if the yeast drops out, most of the time it is a pain to restart fermentation. Just keep both points in mind.
Optimum Ferment Temp.65-69°F (18-20°C)
Alcohol ToleranceMedium


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In the FAQ, under What is reputation?, there are some privileges summed up. The reputation to be able to comment everywhere has a 'strange' character behind it (†).
At first glance it looks like the rule isn't in effect any more (hence the RIP symbol). Only you will discover it is used as a footnote symbol.
† you can always comment on your questions and answers, and any answers to questions you've asked, even with 1 rep.
Can that be changed to an asterisk (*) perhaps (or something less scary ;) )?
The dagger is usually used to indicate a footnote, in the same way an asterisk is. However, the dagger is only used for a second footnote when an asterisk is already used
To further (and better) explain my issue with the dagger symbol:
- It shouldn't be used in the first place (without a preceding asterisk footnote)
- When people just see that symbol it looks the 'function' is obsolete (the other common meaning of the dagger symbol)

subset: commoncrawl


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5 Jul 2011 11:29 PM #21
Great, thanks for the response! When can we expect the feature coming back into Ext Touch?
Ext Touch is free. That´s cool. I spend hours of building a App using Ext Touch. It´s nearly ready for public, but since january I can´t sell it, because it´s not really usable with out those titles.
That´s money I´ve lost. And I loose more, every day I´m waiting.
thx for the clarification,
6 Jul 2011 1:37 AM #22
I have paid for support, back in March. Although I think I'm going about getting it in the wrong way (my fault). I'll private message you the order number and some more details in an aim to get support set-up.
I am very pleased you have responded to the complaints made here. With some good answers. But it's quite shocking how long and how much pushing is needed. This is not the ExtJS (Sencha) I've come to love.
Dataview used to extend Panel in Sencha Touch, some point during the beta phase this was changed without much thought to the effect on the framework.
Here's hoping 2.0 is usable in both performance and stability of features.James Demspter
the one constant in life, is change.
6 Jul 2011 1:37 AM #23
I've put it on the list for the 2.0 release as I really want to have docking back on DataViews. Removing that early on was a mistake :/
In the meantime you could probably update Ext.picker.Slot as mentioned on my last post to get what you are trying to achieve. It's not a massive refactor but I don't want to provide an official patch for that as I'm sure it will break people's apps...Ext JS Senior Software Architect
Personal Blog: http://edspencer.net
Twitter: http://twitter.com/edspencer
Github: http://github.com/edspencer
6 Jul 2011 1:47 AM #24Ext JS Senior Software Architect
Personal Blog: http://edspencer.net
Twitter: http://twitter.com/edspencer
Github: http://github.com/edspencer
6 Jul 2011 1:50 AM #25
You know how to make me happyJames Demspter
the one constant in life, is change.
6 Jul 2011 11:04 AM #26
- Join Date
- Mar 2011
- Location
- Redwood City, CA
- Posts
- 221
- Vote Rating
- 9
Here is a workaround I put together a while back, feel free to improve. There is example usage in the index.html file. The TimePicker stuff is just an implementation example to show how it could be used to create picker field with title support.
29 Jul 2011 5:50 AM #27
Works great!
This saved me hours of work.. Thanks for posting it :-)Simon Flack
CEO and UX Designer
WhiteFox AS, Norway
Web: www.whitefox.no
Facebook: www.facebook.com/WhiteFoxAS
Twitter: @WhiteFoxAS
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Lassero Sterling Silver Letter H Pendant with 2 Rings (12.5mm)
This Lassero sterling silver letter H pendant with two rings is full of shining character and personalized style. Made with SWAROVSKI ELEMENTS, this 12.5mm pendant is sizeable enough to stand out in all of your jewelry. This pendant is crafted from beautiful, high-quality sterling silver and Swarovski crystals are hand-set into one side for a dazzling display of sparkle. The back of the pendant is smooth and flat. Two rings sit at the top corners of the letter, ensuring this pendant will hang straight in your jewelry. Make sure this pendant is always visible in your designs by using it with
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Gasoline prices get early start on spring surge
|A man buys gas at a station Thursday Jan. 31, 2013 in Los Angeles. Gasoline prices are climbing as rising economic growth boosts oil prices and temporary refinery outages crimp gasoline supplies on the East and West Coasts. (AP Photo/Nick Ut)
NEW YORK -- Gasoline prices are getting an early start on their annual spring march higher.
The average U.S. retail price rose 13 cents over the past two weeks to $3.42 per gallon, and within a few days it will likely set a record for this time of year. The price in Connecticut has risen about 7 cents in the past month, to an average of $3.75 per gallon.
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My Sidewalks on Scott Foresman Reading Street: Intensive Reading Intervention is an intensive reading intervention program that accelerates the reading development of struggling students. It aligns instruction perfectly with Scott Foresman Reading Street, but can be used with any core classroom reading program. My Sidewalks accelerates reading through: 30 weeks of reading intervention, 30-45 minutes every day; emphasis on deep meaning of vocabulary and concepts; and highly specified instruction so you teach less, more thorougly.
Pearson encourages 21st century learning by infusing the core subjects and themes throughout our programs—Life and Career Skills, Learning and Innovation Skills, and Information, Media, and Technology Skills. The ultimate goal—to ensure that every child is prepared for the 21st century with skills like critical thinking, problem solving, creativity, innovation and global competence.
With Pearson's interactive whiteboard-ready resources, students become more active and collaborative classroom learners and teachers are able to deliver memorable lessons, engage all types of learners, and reduce class preparation time.
Our fully digital programs and ebooks provide cutting-edge online instruction with a seamless transition from the textbook, allowing students to complete assignments, access videos and activities, and take online tests and remediation.
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There's sexy. There's smoldering. And then there's Robert Pattinson's long-awaited ad for Dior Homme fragrance.
After weeks of fleeting glimpses of the campaign's sultry black-and-white shots (Rob in a bathtub! Rob smoking on a roof!), Dior finally ended the suspense by releasing the full, uncensored ad on their YouTube channel Sunday night. And it delivered on all those sexy sneak peeks.
RELATED PHOTOS: Are you as excited for fall makeup as we are? Click here!
Pattinson and model Camille Rowe cavort in various stages of déshabillé, in beds, in bathtubs, on dance floors and in fast cars. There's lots of kissing, smoking, snuggling and suggestive glances, all set to a crunching Led Zeppelin soundtrack.
Our favorite part? Dior anticipated that you may want to Tweet, Pin, Facebook and generally collect some of the hottest shots from the ad, so they made it super-easy to do so on their site. Go ahead, live-tweet the whole thing — we won't judge you. We may just be doing the same thing ourselves.
Tell us: Did Pattinson's Dior ad live up to your expectations? What was the sexiest part?
–Alex Apatoff


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10 Fun Ways to Celebrate New Year's with the Family
10 of 11
Sing "Old Lang Syne" and Make Some Toasts
Give children practice writing musical notes and lyrics as they rearrange the music for "Auld Lang Syne" in this printable. Then celebrate the start of the new year with the correct lyrics for the song. Raise these trick martinis in a toast – or better yet, purchase some champagne without alcohol so the kids can get the full toasting experience!
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Bluffton Loves Book Clubs workshop
Location:Bluffton Branch
Date & Time:Saturday, February 9, 2013 - 10:00am – 12:00pm
Join the Friends of the Bluffton Library for "Bluffton Loves Book Clubs" workshop for book lovers! The fun, interactive workshop will focus on making the most of book club discussions.
Our panel of experts will discuss:
- Selecting "best" books for group discussion
- Resources to stimulate dialogue
- Organizing & Promoting your club
- Ways to encourage participation
and meet local mystery author Kathryn Wall!
Light refreshments provided. No registration required.


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Chinese Language Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for students, teachers, and linguists wanting to discuss the finer points of the Chinese language. Join them; it only takes a minute:
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- Anybody can ask a question
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- The best answers are voted up and rise to the top
我想"衛護(wèi hù)"的"護(hù)"是由"辨護(biàn hù)"演变而来的。I think "護" in "衛護" is derived from "辨護" (verbally defend) and hence the 言 radical. This is what I found on 汉典:
(Sorry, I can't decipher the full text for you. Maybe someone else can help to explain what it all means.)
"衛護(wèi hù)" means to protect or defend, so you are right to point out that 言 radical should be changed to ⺘radical instead. This is reflected in the new 简体字 "卫护".
"擭(huò)" wasn't used as it possesses the meaning of capture:


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The quest to redefine BBQ continues! When I posted my ultimate BBQ tofu recipe, Justin suggested that I also try using a dry rub a la southern BBQ. Tonight I took him up on the offer and I am glad I did. This tofu is absolutely bursting with flavour and was enjoyed by young and old. I will leave it to Justin and my friend John P. to school me in the ways of Memphis BBQ and tell me if I got it right.
- 1 tsp salt
- 2 tsp onion powder
- 2 tsp fresh ground black pepper
- cayenne pepper to taste


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Blood is the Gift of Life
We posed that question to someone very close to issue. "How can I ask other people to do it if I don't do it myself?" says DHMC heart surgeon and blood donor Larry Dacey, MD.
Oncology patients require a lot of blood transfusions and platelets. We are always in need of donations. If you are able, please take time to give blood.
Where to donate blood at DHMC
It's fast and easy to find the Blood Donor Program on the second floor of Norris Cotton Cancer Center in Lebanon across from the 2K Radiation/Oncology reception area. Find out if you are eligible to donate. Then book an appointment on line, over the phone or just walk in.
Giving made easy with eDonor
The Blood Donor Program at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center is using a new system called eDonor. This new web-based system allows blood donors to:
- Self schedule a donation at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center's Blood Donor Program
- View their donation history and total number of donations
- Access their past vitals from November 2010 to present
Find eDonor at www.dhmcdonor.org
Blood Donation Program hours
We are open weekdays, and walk-ins are always welcome!
- Monday through Wednesday: 7:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
- Thursday: 8:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.
- Friday: 7:00 a.m. to 9:30 a.m.
Make an appointment
- Call toll free
(866) 403-6667
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(603) 653-3775
- Email: email@example.com
Walk-in donors always welcome!
November 09, 2012
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Discover everything you need to create your dream bathroom here at Hudson Reed. There's an impressive range of stunning shower and spa systems that are sure to add luxury to any bathroom, and each one delivers a sensational showering experience. We have a wide choice of shower heads, thermostatic shower valves and one, two and three outlet shower systems. You'll also find a comprehensive choice of bathroom furniture including vanities and medicine cabinets to suit your storage solutions. Available in modern and traditional styles to suit any bathroom, our high quality furniture incorporates plenty of space for keeping toiletries and beauty products neatly hidden away. Our bathroom furniture also comes in a variety of attractive finishes such as Walnut, White, Light Oak and Teak.
Our range of stunning bathtubs are sure to make a style statement in any bathroom. Providing a truly comfortable and relaxing bathing experience, the Aquatica bathtubs are available in an array of designs and sizes to suit any bathroom space. From classic clawfoot tubs, corner tubs to drop-in tubs and freestanding tubs, you can be sure to find your perfect bathtub at Hudson Reed.
Read More


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I'm looking for an Android e-mail client that connects to a hosted Exchange 2010 server via Exchange Web Services (EWS). I know there are several mail apps (including the stock mail client) that can work with Exchange through ActiveSync and/or WebDAV, but my server supports neither of these.
JWebServices for Exchange is Java API for Microsoft Exchange 2007/2010/2013 and Office 365. The API offers complete Exchange Web Services functionality including the ability to create/update/move/copy items and folders, search items and folders, send messages, send meetings requests and more. Supports JDK 1.5+ and Android 1.6+.
You can use Microsoft's EWS API which is Open Source for Android by doing the following steps:
I used the same way explained above and it worked in Android application 100% perfectly.


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Showing 1-21 of 21 items found in History
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The Farmers Monument
This impressive black granite piece located on the grounds of Vandalia's Tourist Information Center is a tribute to prairie farmers.
Glen Carbon Heritage Museum
This museum is located in a beautiful brick building that is a renovated 1914 school located in the "Old Town" section of the Village. The museum has old dolls, weapons, pictures, and much more.
Veterans Educational Museum
Items on display are from the Civil War, WWI, WWII, Korea, Vietnam, and Desert Storm along with flags from 45 countries.
Old State Cemetery
Bronze markers give biographical information about prominent citizens from the earliest history of the community. Every fall, volunteers in period dress "resurrect" their ancestors and tell their stories during an annual cemetery walk.
William Jennings Bryan Museum
This 160-year old home has three rooms of original furniture, pictures and personal items once owned by politician William Jennings Bryan.
Lincoln Marker
Vandalia, Illinois is where Abraham Lincoln began his historical political career and his life and achievements are commemorated on the marker.
Madonna of the Trail Statue
The Madonna is one of 12 statues in the U.S. that honors the pioneer women who traveled along the National Road.
Little Toot Railroad
Ride the rails and experience train travel as it was decades ago on a 15-inch-gauge Crown steam locomotive that runs through Charley Brown Park.
Clay County Museum
Housed in the old county jail, this museum is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
National Road Interpretive Center
The National Road Interpretive Center in Vandalia, Illinois tells the story of the surveyors, laborers and travelers of the National Road, sometimes called the Cumberland Road or National Pike. The Interpretive Center is a museum with hands-on activities for children including a Conestoga wagon that the youngsters can load for its journey. Abraham Lincoln's connection to Illinois National Road towns is also spotlighted. One of the largest artifacts is an original National Road timber dating to the 1830s. Visitors will develop a better understanding of the importance of this road to Illinois and American history as well as an appreciation for the people that were involved in its construction.
Centralia Carillon
Centralia's resident carilloneur performs on the town's 65-bell carillon, one of the few in the country. The surrounding park also features a museum and tours of the 165-foot-tall tower.
Centralia Area Historical Museum
Artifacts, pictures of coal mining, railroading, business, farming in and around Centralia. A work in progress by the Centralia Area Historical Society to preserve the past of Marion County.
Centralia Historical Society Museum
Centerpieces of the collection are newspapers and memorabilia from the coal mining days with tributes to railroad history.
Fayette County Museum
Located behind the Statehouse in a century-old church, this museum is full of Lincoln-era memorabilia, including his letter cabinet and an axe carved with his initials.
Halfway Tavern
In 1779 George Rogers Clark led his army from Kaskaskia through this area to Vincennes, Indiana, where they captured Ft. Sackville from the British. At the time, this building was named for being near the midpoint of the Vincennes-St. Louis Trail.
Dr. Charles Wright House
Built in 1889 by Dr. C.M. Wright, this stately Renaissance Revival home holds three generations of Wright family furnishings, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Altamont Living Museum
Used today as a theater for live music and dance performances, as well as fine art exhibits, this 1912 church gives you a taste of "old-time religion" with its luminous stained-glass windows, curved oak pews and great acoustics.
Ingram's Pioneer Log Cabin Village
Pre-Civil War log structures rescued from destruction by the Ingrams. Many of the 17 homes and other buildings are furnished with authentic pieces and open to the public. Visit Jacob's Well Inn, frequented by Abraham Lincoln.
Ben Winter Museum
This museum's fascinating collection of memorabilia includes scale model locomotives and stationary industrial engines. Take a trip on the miniature train that travels through the surrounding orchards.
Lincoln Park
Located across from the Statehouse in Vandalia, the park features a life-size, bronze statue of Abraham Lincoln. This is a favorite spot for photos with the 16th president.
Little Brick House
Listed on the National Register, it has six restored rooms with china, furniture, engravings, and books that belonged to the settlers when Lincoln attended the legislature.
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Some background: my coauthors and I are working on a problem which deals with the exponential growth rates of certain infinite products of matrices. One of the sub-problems which arises in this project is to prove that a particular function from the unit interval to the reals, which describes the growth rates of a family of related infinite matrix products, does not have any line segments in its graph. Now, the existence of a line segment would imply the existence of a pair of matrices some of whose characteristics coincide in a precise way. We have found an analytic proof that the graph cannot contain line segments, but it is long and displeasingly ad-hoc, and we would rather like to replace it with a shorter argument! Hence, we have found ourselves wondering whether there is an algebraic obstacle which would prevent these coincidences from occurring.
The question which arises from this research, then, is:
Do there exist matrices $A,B \in SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ which satisfy the following constraints: the matrices $A$ and $B$ have only positive entries, do not commute, and satisfy $$\rho(AB)=\rho(A)\rho(B),$$ $$\mathbb{Q}\left(\rho(A)\right)=\mathbb{Q}\left(\rho(B)\right) \neq \mathbb{Q},$$ where $\rho$ denotes spectral radius?
The non-existence of such a pair of matrices would imply the non-existence of the line segments mentioned above.
One of my coauthors suspects that the spectral radius constraints on $A$ and $B$ cannot be met unless $A=C^k$, $B=C^\ell$ for some $C \in SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ and $k,\ell \in \mathbb{N}$, which would contradict the hypothesis that $A$ and $B$ do not commute. Any solutions which end up being used in our paper will of course be gratefully acknowledged!


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Research and Evaluation | Noteworthy Practices | Additional Links
Adult basic education students face a number of challenges related to their well-being. Their low literacy levels affect a range of economic, education, workplace, and health outcomes. Many of the high growth industry jobs indicate increasing educational demands. Data have shown that higher literacy rates are correlated with better wages. Today even entry-level jobs are demanding an ever increasing level of literacy skill. The role of adult basic education in strengthening reading skills is central to the U.S. Department of Education's vision for adult education.
While significant advances have been made in understanding the abilities young children must acquire to develop reading skills, a relatively small body of research is available on Adult Basic Education reading instruction. It has been frequently stated that learning to read may be more difficult after age nine; however, the factors that might explain this are not well understood.
The National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Learning Sciences Study: Foundations and Applications to Adolescent and Adult Literacy is funded by the National Institute for Literacy. The National Institute for Literacy, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the Office of Vocational and Adult Education (OVAE) recognized the importance of moving the adult basic education field toward evidence-based practice and commissioned a three year study of the scientific foundations of adolescent and adult literacy. A group of experts is currently synthesizing the behavioral and cognitive sciences, education, and neuroscience research on literacy to understand it applicability to adolescent and adult populations. This study will provide a broad understanding of the factors that affect typical and atypical literacy learning in adolescence and adulthood generally and with respect to the specific populations served by adult education. The study will also cover related issues such as motivation, retention, and prevention. The outcome of this study will be a report and companion document.
The Journal of Learning Disabilities Special Issue: Models of Reading Component Skills in Low Literate Adults focuses on the research that was funded jointly by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Vocational and Adult Education (OVAE). Specifically, the findings are discussed for four of the funded projects. These funded projects were part of the Adult Literacy Research Consortium that studied the effectiveness of adult literacy interventions for low-literate adults, including the role of decoding, vocabulary, fluency and comprehension instruction and explicitness of instructioncomponents that have been shown to be essential in teaching reading to younger students, but instructional methods for teaching them to adults have not been thoroughly investigated.
Reading Development is one program area of study at the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). The program supports research on the environmental, experiential, instructional, cognitive, linguistic, genetic, and neurobiological contributions to the developmental reading process. The programmatic goals include a focus on foundational science topics related to the acquisition and development of reading and related skills, including oral language and written language skills. The program also focuses on translational science and includes support for interventions to address diverse learners' needs across the lifespan from preschool into adulthood.
The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) presently has two requests out for applications (RFA's) that focus on adult education. The long-term outcome of RFA 84.305A, #16 - Adult Education, will be an array of tools and strategies (e.g., assessments, instructional approaches, programs) that have been documented to be effective for improving reading, writing, and mathematics. The second RFA related to adult basic education is the National Research and Development Center on Cognition and Adult Literacy which focuses on research, development, evaluation, and national leadership activities aimed at improving the education system, and ultimately, student achievement.
Writing to Read : Evidence for How Writing Can Improve Reading states that writing is one often-overlooked tool for improving students' reading, as well as their learning from text. Instruction in writing not only improves how well students write, but it also enhances students' ability to read a text accurately, fluently, and comprehensively. Three closely related instructional practices are identified as being effective in improving students reading: have students write about the texts they read, teach students the writing skills and processes that go into creating text, and increase how much students write.
The Role of Vocabulary Instruction in Adult Basic Education by Mary E. Curtis discusses research and theories on vocabulary, vocabulary acquisition, and reading comprehension. The chapter provides an understanding and rationale of why vocabulary instruction is important as well as how it is related to reading growth.
Research-Based Principles for Adult Basic Education Reading Instruction by John Kruidenier represents the work of the Reading Research Working Group, a panel of experts on reading research and practice convened to identify and evaluate existing research in adult literacy reading instruction and provides a summary of scientifically based principles and practices.
A Summary of Scientifically Based Research Principles: Teaching Adults to Read summarizes the emerging principles and trends in adult reading instruction identified in a report of the Reading Research Working Group: Research-Based Principles for Adult Basic Education Reading Instruction. This document provides evidence-based guidance for adult literacy instructors on the aspects of adult reading instruction.
Applying Research in Reading Instruction for Adults : First Steps for Teachers is an introduction to research-based principles of reading instruction for instructors in adult education and literacy classes. This publication is intended as a first resource for those with little knowledge of reading instruction and is written with the needs of teachers in mind, particularly those who want to improve their ability to provide reading instruction for adults in family literacy and other basic education programs. It provides ideas and examples of how to use research-based instructional approaches in the adult education classroom.
Reading Comprehension Strategies for Adult Literacy Outcomes by Mike Hock and Daryl Mellard suggests that educators need to provide adults with a toolbox of comprehension skills. The author's note that adults need to use self-regulatory behavior (choose a strategy to use, evaluate its effectiveness, and abandon and choose another strategy if necessary) and that this may need to be taught. Three common tests (CASAS Reading, GED, & the National Assessment of Educational Progress) are analyzed to determine the comprehension skills that adults need to pass them.
Reading Practices Among Adult Education Participants by Daryl Mellard, Margaret Becker Patterson, and Sara Prewett extends the literature on the relation between reading practices and individual characteristics of participants in adult education who have low literacy skills. Reading practices describe individuals' reading frequency for different types of written material, such as books, newspapers, magazines, technical materials, and work documents. Reading practices are highly related to reading proficiency.
The Use of Phonological, Orthographic, and Contextual Information During Reading: A Comparison of Adults Who Are Learning to Read and Skilled Adult Readers by Katherine Binder and Caren Borecki suggests that adults who were learning to read us phonological codes during word recognition, but they do so less efficiently than skilled readers.
The Effects of Morphological Instruction on Literacy Skills: A Systematic Review of the Literature by Peter N. Bowers, John R. Kirby, and S. Helene Deacon. The authors investigated the effects of morphological instruction (a) on reading, spelling, and vocabulary, and morphological skills, (b) for less able readers versus undifferentiated samples, (c) for younger versus older students, and (d) in combination with instruction of other literacy skills or in isolation. The results indicated that morphological instruction benefits learners. This instruction brings particular benefits for less able readers and is more effective when combined with other aspects of literacy.
Learning to Achieve: A Review of the Research Literature on Serving Adults with Learning Disabilities is a literature review that covers six topics: assessment, English language learners, accommodations, teaching methods, transition, and the impact of learning disabilities on adults. General implications for practice are provided as well as those specific to the domain of reading.
The STudent Achievement in Reading (STAR) Project is a partnership with states to translate and disseminate evidence-based reading practices through specialized in-depth technical assistance and training. Annual train-the-trainer institutes help States increase capacity for long-term systemic reform. Presently there are 19 states implementing STAR. There are several training packages available to states and these are described in detail on the website.
Assessment Strategies and Reading Profiles (ASRP) was funded by the National Institute for Literacy. ASRP provides research-based assessment strategies to improve reading instruction for Adult Basic Education (ABE) and Adult Secondary Education (ASE) learners. Suggestions for instruction in the various components of reading are discussed. The site includes a tool for calculating a student's reading profile and the suggested strategies to address the student's reading profile's areas of need.
The National Institute for Literacy's Basic Skills Resource Collection focuses on providing reading, writing, mathematics and numeracy resources to improve instruction in basic skills. The resources in the Basic Skills Collection assist include research articles, materials and curriculum based on research, and discussion lists that can be used to ask questions and share ideas.
The Reading and Writing Skills Discussion List provides an on-going professional development forum for practitioners, advocates, researchers, learners, policy makers, and all other persons who are interested in discussing matters related to reading and writing in the field of adult literacy. Sponsored by The National Institute for Literacy, this list promotes the sharing of information, research, expertise, and resources on topics such as motivation and reading/writing, diversity and reading/writing, component skills of reading/writing, reading/writing instruction, reading/writing strategies, reading/writing skills necessary for post secondary and workplace settings, and child/adult differences in reading/writing.
The 2008 United States Country Background Report to the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) discusses the literacy challenges that are facing the United States. It specifically reports on the teaching, learning, and assessment for adults.
"Case Study: United States," in Teaching, Learning and Assessment for Adults: Improving Foundation Skills, an Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) report describes how eight programmes providing adult basic education (ABE), adult secondary education (ASL), and English as a second language (ESL) have shaped their services to meet the local needs. Overviews of the adult basic education system, the national reporting system, and formative assessment are provided.


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STEUBENVILLE - The name on Vincent Haddox's birth certificate and Oak Glen High School diploma is just that: Vincent Haddox.
But Golden Bear teammates, family members and even teachers know him by a different name.
Article Photos
Bub Haddox
Luca Fuscardo
Mitch Viakley
"Your guess is as good as mine," Haddox said with a laugh when asked how he got the nickname. "It just stuck."
It actually began when Haddox was in diapers and his grandmother's television was tuned to Pittsburgh Steelers games on Sundays.
"Her favorite player was 'Bubby' Brister," Haddox said. "After a while when I was little, my grandma would just start calling me 'Bub.'"
The former professional quarterback was a 1986 draft pick of the Steelers. He played seven seasons in Pittsburgh before stints with Eagles, Jets, Broncos, Vikings and Chiefs.
Brister's given name is Walter. He was originally called "Bubba" as a play on "brother" because he was the youngest child in his family. Brister had five older sisters.
The nickname was extended to Bubby when he played for Northeast Louisiana University, now called Louisiana-Monroe.
"My mom told me it all started with my grandma," Haddox said of his now-notorious nickname. "That's all I know."
Haddox was honored during the OVAC Baseball All-Star Game at Vaccaro Field on Monday as the conference's 4A Player of the Year.
He led Oak Glen to a second-straight West Virginia Class AA Region I, Section I championship. Haddox ended the deciding game of the series with Weir High on a solo home run. He also struck out nine batters and allowed just four hits.
"It's a big deal to me," Haddox said of the award. "I really appreciate it. Everyone around here recognizes that I have the skill and can play."
Madonna's Luca Fuscardo was named the Player of the Year in Class 1A.
"It kind of shocked me, I'm not going to lie," Fuscardo said. "It's a nice honor."
Blue Dons coach Tim Provenzano informed Fuscardo of the award a week ago.
"It's very nice," Fuscardo said. "There's a lot of great players here and they provided great competition over the past four years. (The All-Star Game) was a lot of fun."
His West Virginia team lost, though, 7-4 to Ohio.
Fuscardo was 0-for-2 in the game, with a pair of fly outs to center field. Haddox popped out to left field and reached on fielder's choice in the eighth inning. He came around to score West Virginia's final run on an RBI single from Valley's Brandon Stoneking.
"This was the last time I'll wear the Oak Glen uniform," Haddox said. "In the fall I'll be going to West Liberty. Hopefully I can make an impact there as a freshman."
Haddox will play summer ball in Youngstown's Class B league.
Will Bowser, Fuscardo's Madonna teammate, drew a walk and scored a run in the eigth inning.
"It was fun to play with him for the last time," said Fuscardo, who will play at Kent State next year. "I met a lot of new kids today. This game was a whole new experience for me."
For the second-straight year, Fuscardo will play travel ball with the Pittsburgh Diamond Dogs.
"It's a heavily-scouted league," he said. "They helped me go to college in the first place."
Fuscardo pitched two innings for West Virginia on Monday. He allowed two singles with one walk and three strikeouts.
Brooke Russell Schwertfeger struck out one batter in his pitching appearance. At the plate Schwertfeger was 0-for-2. Bruins' teammate Heath Hildreth had a single.
Weir's Mitch Viakely was 0-for-2 at the plate and struck out one in a pitching appearance.


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Tuesday Morning Posts Q2 Turnaround
Monday February 3rd, 2014 - 10:51AM
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For the fiscal 2014 second quarter ended December 31, 2013, Tuesday Morning Corp. posted net income of $17.7 million, or 41 cents per share, versus a net loss of $21.5 million, or 51 cents per share, in the fiscal 2013 period. Excluding business turnaround charges, non-GAAP basis net income was $19.3 million, or 45 cents per share, versus $15.5 million, or 37 cents per share, in the fiscal 2013 second quarter, the company stated.
Comparable store sales gained 3.1% compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2013, Tuesday Morning noted, with a 7% increase in customer transactions partially offset by a 3.9% decrease in average ticket. Net sales were $285.8 million, essentially flat compared with $285.3 million in the fiscal 2013 second quarter.
In the fiscal 2014 period, Tuesday Morning pointed out that it had exited a number of non-core categories such as women's apparel and footwear. The company added that comps in ongoing core categories increased 7% and were led by exceptional strength in Furniture, up 57%, Sheets/Linens, up 23%, and Home Décor, up 20%.
Operating income in the second quarter was $18.3 million, Tuesday Morning reported, versus an operating loss of $22.6 million in the fiscal 2013 period. Excluding business turnaround charges, adjusted operating income on a non-GAAP basis was $20.3 million, compared to non-GAAP adjusted operating income of $24.6 million in last year's second quarter. The company attributed the decrease in non-GAAP operating income to lower non-GAAP gross profit and increased store costs.
Michael Rouleau, Tuesday Morning CEO, said in announcing the financial results, "During the second quarter, our experienced team executed a disciplined program aimed at improving operations, enhancing merchandising and strengthening the Tuesday Morning offering to our value-oriented consumer. Our progress to date includes improved customer service in well-stocked stores displaying fresh, new merchandise at great values, all of which yielded solid comparable store sales results, increased inventory turnover and a strong cash position. We are pleased with our progress and results this quarter and are confident we will demonstrate continued improvement in the second half of our fiscal 2014, yet remain focused on the significant work ahead necessary to complete our business turnaround program."
Tags: Rouleau • Tuesday morning • sales • earnings • second quarter • Housewares • Cookware & Bakeware • Vacuum Cleaners/Electric Cleaning • Health & Personal Care • Home Décor • Home Environment • Small Electrics • Organization & Cleaning • Tabletop • Gadgets & Kitchen Tools • Retail • Financials •
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Metouck had been general manager at Sonara for the last decade but last Friday was replaced by Ibrahim Talba Malla at the end of the corporation's board meeting. The former GM was arrested on Monday after having been discovered to have discretely entered the new GM's office.
By EMMANUEL TUMANJONG
YAOUNDE, Cameroon -- Charles Metouck, the deposed general
manager of Cameroon's state-owned National Refinery Corp., or Sonara, has been
arrested and detained for the alleged illegal entry to his
replacement's office and the destruction of vital
documents, state-run Cameroon Radio Television reports
Mr. Metouck had been general manager at 30-year-old Sonara
for the last decade but last Friday was replaced by Ibrahim
Talba Malla at the end of the corporation's board meeting, on
the "orders of the President of the Republic."
"The former GM was arrested on Monday, February 18, 2013,
after having been discovered to have discretely entered the new
GM's office. He was caught signing documents and destroying
others," CRTV reported, citing government sources.
Mr. Malla was immediately given the position as general
manager by the country's Energy and Water Resources Minister,
Basile Atangana Kouna, and will run Sonara alongside his role
as manager of the Hydrocarbons Stabilization Fund, or CSPH.
Based in Cameroon's Atlantic coastal town of Limbe, 300
kilometers southwest of Yaounde, Sonara is Cameroon's only oil
Created in 1973, the company has been refining only imported light crude
oil bought from neighboring Nigeria and Serra Leone, among
others. It is now being transformed to refine the country's
heavy crude oil. So far, the corporation's annual output of
refined petroleum is 2 million tons.
The Cameroon government has been securing credits from local
and foreign lenders to refurbish the company, which needs an
estimated 300 billion CFA Francs ($612.1 million) for the
refurbishment to be completed.
Prior to his arrest, local media reports said Mr. Metouck
was being watched by the government's anti-corruption drive,
"Operation Sparrow Hawk."
Observers are questioning what he was trying to conceal
before he was arrested.
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Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
Is 2016 the peak for US gasoline demand?
Too soon to tell
July 2016


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Conference rooms and offices
The Regus Skyport Meeting Centre (tel: (02) 714 0200; www.regus.be) offers 10 meeting rooms, secretarial services and Internet connection. Three additional rooms are available at the Brucargo complex. The Sheraton Brussels Airport Hotel (tel: (02) 710 8000; www.starwoodhotels.com), adjacent to the terminal, has a conference centre, business centre and banqueting rooms.


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I just upgraded a Ubuntu 12.04 server to 12.10.
It was built with MAAS but no other servers had been added to its private network yet, but I confirmed that dnsmasq was setup correctly for DHCP and iptables for forwarding, etc... Now I that I have upgraded to 12.10, DHCP is no longer available and I found that dnsmasq was removed. What is controlling DHCP now, and where do I edit the correct configuration. This has to be done before I build the other servers and my small testing cloud.


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I most humbly beseech help for this question.
If $A+B+C=180$ degrees, then prove $$ \sin^2(A)+\sin^2(B)-\sin^2(C)=2\sin(A)\sin(B) \cos(C) $$ I am not sure what trig identity I should use to begin this problem.
I most humbly beseech help for this question.
If $A+B+C=180$ degrees, then prove $$ \sin^2(A)+\sin^2(B)-\sin^2(C)=2\sin(A)\sin(B) \cos(C) $$ I am not sure what trig identity I should use to begin this problem.
One can deduce this identity from the conjunction of the law of sines and the law of cosines.
The law of sines says that for the three angles $A$, $B$, $C$ of a triangle, with opposite sides $a$, $b$, $c$, we have $$ \frac{a}{\sin A} = \frac{b}{\sin B} = \frac{c}{\sin C} = d. $$ The last equality merely defines $d$, and one can omit it and still have a statement of the law of sines. The common value $d$ is actually the diameter of the circumscribed circle.
If things are scaled so that $d=1$, then we have
$$a=\sin A,\quad b=\sin B,\quad c=\sin C\tag{1}$$
The law of cosines says $$ a^2+b^2-2ab\cos C = c^2.\tag{2} $$ Substitute the expressions in $(1)$ into the appropriate places in $(2)$ and you get $$ \sin^2 A+\sin^2 B - 2\sin A\sin B\cos C = \sin^2 C $$ and there's your identity.
This still leaves the problem of how to prove the law of sines and the law of cosines. And if you want to use your identity to prove the law of cosines, then this reasoning would be circular. But if you can take the two laws to be established already, then this does it.
Let's take the Right Hand Side. $$2 \sin B \cos C = \sin(B+C) + \sin(B-C) = \sin A + \sin(B-C)$$ Therefore, $2 \sin A \sin B \cos C = \sin^2 A + \sin A \sin(B-C)$ Now, $$2 \sin A \sin (B-C) = \cos (A - B +C) - \cos (A + B -C) = \cos 2C - \cos 2B = 2 \sin^2 B - 2 \sin ^2 C$$ Cancelling the $2$ gives us therefore, that $\sin A \sin (B-C) = \sin^2 B - \sin^2 C$.
To finish, we already established $2 \sin A \sin B \cos C = \sin^2 A = \sin A \sin (B-C)$. Now, since $\sin A \sin (B-C) = \sin^2 B - \sin^2 C$, therefore, $2 \sin A \sin B \cos C = \sin^2 A + \sin^2 B - \sin^2 C$.
This may not be the shortest way, but is pretty systematic and doesn't involve any real trickery. First, we eliminate the $C$ angles from the equation, using that $C = 180 - A - B$. We write $\sin(C) = \sin(180 - A - B) = \sin(A + B)$, and $\cos(C) = \cos(180 - A - B) = -\cos(A + B)$ and what you need to prove is $$\sin^2A + \sin^2B - \sin^2(A + B) = -2\sin A\sin B \cos(A+B)$$ Inserting the sine and cosine addition formulas in this, what you need to prove becomes $$\sin^2A + \sin^2B - (\sin A\cos B + \cos A \sin B)^2 = -2\sin A \sin B(\cos A \cos B - \sin A \sin B)$$ Writing this out, it becomes $$\sin^2A + \sin^2B - \sin^2 A\cos^2 B - 2\sin A \cos A \sin B \cos B -\cos^2 A \sin^2B$$ $$ = -2\sin A\sin B \cos A \cos B + 2\sin^2 A \sin^2 B$$ Cancelling terms, your goal is to prove $$\sin^2A + \sin^2B - \sin^2 A\cos^2 B-\cos^2 A \sin^2B = 2\sin^2 A \sin^2 B$$ Equivalently, $$\sin^2A(1 - \cos^2B) + \sin^2B(1 - \cos^2A) = 2\sin^2 A \sin^2 B$$ This last equation is true since $1 - \cos^2 = \sin^2$. So going backwards in the above steps, one obtains the original equation $\sin^2A + \sin^2B - \sin^2C = 2\sin A \sin B \sin C$ as desired.
$\sin^2A+\sin^2B-\sin^2C=\sin^2A+\sin(B+C)\sin(B-C)$ either using the identity $\sin^2B-\sin^2C=\sin(B+C)\sin(B-C)$
or $\sin^2B-\sin^2C=\frac{1}{2}(2\sin^2B-2\sin^2C)=\frac{1}{2}(1-\cos2B-(1-\cos2C))=\frac{1}{2}(\cos2C-\cos2B)=-\frac{1}{2}2\sin(B+C)\sin(C-B)=\sin(B+C)\sin(B-C)$
Now, $\sin(B+C)=\sin(180^\circ-A)=\sin{A}$
So, $\sin^2A+\sin^2B-\sin^2C=\sin^2A+\sin{A} \sin(B-C)$
$=\sin{A}(\sin(B+C)+\sin(B-C))$ replacing $\sin{A}$ with $\sin(B+C)$
Start with solving for $C$, then use identities from the first bullet. Then expand $\sin(A+B)$ and $\cos(A+B)$ using the identity from the second bullet, and its companion for $\cos(\alpha+\beta) = \cos(\alpha) \cos(\beta) - \sin(\alpha)\sin(\beta)$.
Then simplify the algebraic expressions and use the identity from the third bullet.


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I am looking at buying a house that has a PWF (Preserved Wood Foundation) foundation. Though there are some benefits to having one there seems to be varying opinions on such a foundation. I'm wondering if anyone has had experience/issues with PWF?
For those that have had experience/issues with it:
- How hard/expensive is it to repair PWF foundations compared to traditional concrete foundations
- If you had to replace the entire foundation how difficult is it compared to concrete foundations (both cost and feasibility).
- What is the expected lifespan?


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I keep hearing things about using CCTV C Mounts hacked into a Micro 4/3 camera using an adapter. Does anybody have any experience with this? Can any ebay lens work, or is the C-mount not universal? Can you really take video with virtually no lighting?
C mount is universal, CS is the same mecahnical thread but a shorter back focal distance.
C mount CCTV lenses are normally very short focal lengths, they are made for wide angle with TV cameras that have very small imagers = very large crop factors.
So it's not clear why you would want to use them on an expensive micro 4/3 camera
The C mount may be universal, but they are made for a number of different sensor/film sizes. This means many will not cover the entire 4/3 sensor. This will result in vignetting or a dark circle, requiring cropping of the final result.
A C mount lens designed for a smaller image circle than 4/3 (such as, one for a 1" tube) may still cover the entire 4/3 sensor adequately, although this can depend on lens design and focal length - the longer focal lengths often have less vignetting.
So it pays to do a search on the various micro four thirds forums and see who else has experience using a particular lens on their micro 4/3 system. I can't speak for its completeness or accuracy, but a glimpse at Wikipedia turns up this list of C mount lenses: http://us.c-mount.passion.pro/
Another thing to consider is that the flange to focal plane distance of C-mount is a bit less than that of micro four thirds, which means that the back of the lenses will protrude back into the camera body a few millimeters. This is not a problem usually, as micro 4/3 has no flip down mirror, but it does have some other delicate equipment and you should still exercise care. It's not unknown for some C-mount lenses to need some protruding parts ground off their rear end to be able to fit safely.
I've seen some beautiful effects as a result of using one of these lenses on a micro 4/3rds camera body.
For example:
Interesting experiments to be made, I think.
I use a Pentax 25mm c-mount lens on my Olympus E-PL1 with no problems at all. It actually takes beautiful pictures, although it may not be quite what you are expecting. These lenses were generally designed for smaller sensors or film formats, so will often show some vignetting (some more than others). Additionally, they often have some fairly significant distortion around the edges as well as a "swirling" bokeh that you may or may not like. Unfortunately, not just any ebay lens will work out of the box. Some of these lenses require some physical modifications to allow infinity focusing. You can get a sense for the types of images these lenses produce from this excellent 25mm c-mount vignetting shootout.
As a starter, I would recommend the same lens that I have (Pentax/Cosmicar 25mm). It is popular, widely-available, affordable, quite fast (f/1.4, although maybe closer to f/1.8 in actual performance) and requires no physical modifications. It also takes pretty darn good pictures without a terrible amount of vignetting. You will have to focus manually, of course, and you can pick up a cheap c-mount adapter on ebay.
This might be a little late, but I ordered a CCTV lens hacked to fit a Micro 4/3 camera at Photojojo and just received it in the mail today. I have yet to fit it onto my camera, but I am confident that it will take some pretty interesting photos.
You can find it here: Lo-fi Micro 4/3 Camera Lens
From the website:
Hope this helps!


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Chemotherapy, or the use of chemical agents to destroy cancer cells, is a mainstay in the treatment of malignancies. The possible role in treating illness was discovered when the bone marrow suppressive effect of nitrogen mustard was noted in the early 1900's. Since that time, the search for drugs with anticancer activity has continued, and the goal of treatment with chemotherapy has evolved from relief of symptoms to cure. A major advantage of chemotherapy is its ability to treat widespread or metastatic cancer, whereas surgery and radiation therapies are limited to treating cancers that are confined to specific areas.
An understanding of the normal cell cycle and the behavior of malignant or cancerous cells is necessary in order to comprehend how chemotherapy destroys cancer cells. Below is an example of the cell cycle.
Almost all chemotherapy agents currently available kill cancer cells by affecting DNA synthesis or function, a process that occurs through the cell cycle. Each drug varies in the way this occurs within the cell cycle.
The major categories of chemotherapy agents are alkylating agents, antimetabolites, plant alkaloids, antitumor antibiotics, and steroid hormones. Each drug is categorized according to their effect on the cell cycle and cell chemistry.
Alkylating agents kill cells by directly attacking DNA. Alkylating agents may be used in the treatment of chronic leukemias, Hodgkin's disease, lymphomas, and certain carcinomas of the lung, breast, prostate and ovary. Cyclophosphamide is an example of a commonly used alkylating agent.
Antimetabolites are that drugs block cell growth by interfering with certain activities, usually DNA synthesis. Once ingested into the cell they halt normal development and reproduction. All drugs in this category affect the cell during the "S" phase of the cell cycle. Antimetabolites may be used in the treatment of acute and chronic leukemias, choriocarcinoma, and some tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, breast and ovary. . Examples of commonly used antimetabolites are 6-mercaptopurine and 5-fluorouracil (5FU).
Antitumor antibiotics are a diverse group of compounds. In general, they act by binding with DNA and preventing RNA synthesis. These agents are widely used in the treatment of a variety of cancers. The most commonly used drugs in this group are doxorubicin (Adriamycin), mitomycin-C, and bleomycin.
Plant (vinca) alkaloids
Plant (vinca) alkaloids
Steroid hormones are useful in treating some types of tumors. This class includes adrenocorticosteroids, estrogens, antiestrogens, progesterones, and androgens. Although their specific mechanism of action is not clear, steroid hormones modify the growth of certain hormone-dependent cancers. Tamoxifen is an example, which is used for estrogen dependent breast cancer.
In addition, other miscellaneous antineoplastic drugs exist whose mechanisms of action do not permit broad categorization
The most common routes of administration for chemotherapy are by mouth, through a vein, and into a muscle. More recently, other methods have been used to increase the local concentration of chemotherapy at the tumor site. Chemotherapy can be administered directly into a specific cavity (intracavitary), the abdomen (intraperitoneal), the lung (intrapleural), the central nervous system (intra-thecal), or applied directly to the skin (topical).
Because many chemotherapeutic agents also effect healthy cells and organs, the patient's laboratory data should be checked before chemotherapy administration, including white blood cell count, hemoglobin/hematocrit, platelet count, renal function tests, liver function tests. In addition, assessment for organ specific drug effects will be performed on a periodic basis. Abnormalities in any of these values may require dose adjustments or the delay of therapy. Additionally, pretreatment actions, such as increased fluids or administration of anti-nausea medicines may be needed to decrease side effects.
Several strategies may be used to maximize the toxic effect of chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is generally spaced out over an extended period of time to gradually lower the number of tumor cells to the point where the body's own immune responses can control further tumor growth. Many patients receive their chemotherapy over a 4 to 12 month period of time. Additionally, the interval between doses of chemotherapy is based on achieving the greatest effect on the cancer cells, while also allowing the healing of the normal healthy cells. Most often, patients receive their chemotherapy every 3 to 4 weeks.
Combination Chemotherapy combines agents that differ in both the way they act and their side effects. This is done to achieve maximum tumor effect with minimal side effects. Because tumor cells have different biological characteristics (heterogeneity), combining drugs may effectively eliminate cancer cells' resistance to a single agent.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy may be given when no clear evidence of cancer can be found, but certain factors (e.g. metastasis to the lymph nodes) predict an increased risk of cancer recurrence. Use of chemotherapy at an earlier stage of tumor growth may hinder the development of resistance to chemotherapy often observed in large or metastatic cancers.
Combined Modality Chemotherapy may also be used in combination with other treatment modalities, such as radiation or surgery. Therapies are combined to obtain a greater response rate than could be achieved with a single treatment modality. Today, using more than one treatment modality effectively treats most cancers.
Hormonal Manipulation does not directly kill cells and, therefore, is not curative. Their purpose is to prevent cell division and further growth of hormone-dependent tumors. Their use is frequently reserved for the management of patients with locally advanced or metastatic cancer.
The identification and development of effective new anticancer drugs is an on-going process. Following rigorous testing in laboratory animals and experimental model systems, chemotherapy agents with demonstrated antitumor activity are evaluated in clinical trials. In Phase I trials, the initial phase of clinical investigation, a new treatment is evaluated in cancer patients for the first time. The purpose of these studies is to determine the associated side effects, the highest dose safely tolerated, and the optimal schedule or mode of delivery of a new therapy. Phase II trials test a new therapy (using the dose, method of administration, and schedule defined in Phase I) in patients with a variety of tumors to determine whether there is identifiable antitumor activity. In Phase III trials, new therapies that exhibited activity in Phase II are compared to the standard or best available therapy for each type of tumor tested.
Participation in a clinical trial is one treatment option, which may be offered to patients at some point during therapy. The continuing progress of cancer treatment depends upon the participation of adequate numbers of patients in such studies.
OncoLink is designed for educational purposes only and is not engaged in rendering medical advice or professional services. The information provided through OncoLink should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or a disease. It is not a substitute for professional care. If you have or suspect you may have a health problem or have questions or concerns about the medication that you have been prescribed, you should consult your health care provider.
Information Provided By: www.oncolink.org | © 2016 Trustees of The University of Pennsylvania


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K-State's Juffer Named KBA Player Of The Year
Posted: 3:25 PM Dec 10, 2012
Reporter: K-State Sports Information (posted by J.B. Bauersfeld)
Juffer Named Player of the Year by the KGA
MANHATTAN, Kan. – Kansas State senior golfer Ben Juffer was named the 2012 Player of the Year by the Kansas Golf Association (KGA) in an announcement by the organization. Juffer earned a total of 445 points over five events this summer to best former Wildcat standout Kyle Smell, who tallied 416.5 points.
Prior to the start of the 2012-13 collegiate season, Juffer turned in a host of solid performance during the summer, including tying for fourth place in the High Plains Amateur, tying for first place in the stroke play portion of the 2012 Kansas Amateur and a runner-up finish in the match-play rounds of the Kansas Amateur, where he earned 55, 155 and 200 points, respectively. Juffer's points total also included 10 points as an exempt qualifier for the Kansas Amateur and 25 points as a qualifier for the US Open Local, which was held at The National of Kansas City.
A 2009 graduate of K-State, Smell recorded 416.5 points to place second in the final Player of the Year standings behind Juffer. Smell earned 300 points by winning the 2012 Kansas Amateur, 35 points with a victory in the 2012 Kansas Four-Ball at Sycamore Ridge Golf Course in Spring Hill with partner Jared Helin and 50 points with a medalist performance at the U.S. Amateur qualifier at Wichita's Tallgrass Country Club. Smell also notched 21.5 as he tied for 11th place in the stroke play portion and 10 points as an exempt qualifier for the Kansas Amateur.
Juffer and the rest of the K-State men's golf team will be back in action this spring as the Wildcats will travel to San Antonio, Texas, to compete in the 2013 UTSA Invitational, Feb. 11-12, at the par-71, 6,765-yard Oak Hill Country Club.
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Types of Cancer Vaccines
For information about this topic, please click here
S. Jack Wei, MD
The Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania
Last Modified: July 2, 2004
Are there different kinds of cancer vaccines?
A number of different approaches have been used to introduce TAAs to the immune system and produce an adequate immune response to destroy the cancer cells. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Modified Tumor Cells
Similar to vaccines against infectious agents, these vaccines usually utilize whole, inactivated tumor cells to generate the immune response. The advantage of this is that a number of antigens are presented that the immune system can target. However, this wide range of antigens compromises the specificity of the vaccine. Also, the immune response is often weak due to the lack of co-stimulatory signals.
Peptide Vaccine
A peptide is a fragment of a protein that can be used as the antigen in a cancer vaccine. By introducing the appropriate peptide directly to the APCs, the vaccine can induce an immune response to cells producing that antigen. Oftentimes, the peptide vaccine is given simultaneously with chemical signals (such as hapten) that act as co-stimulatory signals for the immune system, improving the immune response. The peptides can also be engineered to elicit strong immune responses by altering specific portions of the peptide. These alterations result in stronger immune reactions than unaltered peptides do. Potential disadvantages of the peptide vaccines include the need for the peptide to be taken up by the APC. If, this does not occur, no immune response is seen. In addition, cells within a tumor are frequently changing. If the peptide that is used in the vaccine is not essential to the tumor, the cells can frequently stop making that protein and avoid detection by the immune system.
Dendritic Vaccines
In order to ensure that the dendritic cells (the most notable APCs) adequately take up peptides, these cells can be exposed directly to high levels of the appropriate antigen. The patient's own dendritic cells are removed and can be bombarded with either peptide fragments or whole proteins. When the dendritic cells are introduced back into the patient, they present large amounts of the antigen to the immune system and stimulate an immune response. Alternatively, the genes that encode the antigens can be introduced directly into the dendritic cell. Again, dendritic cells are removed from the patient and the genes introduced to the cells by either directly injecting them into the cell or by stimulating the cell to take up the genes through pulses of electricity. Either way, once the gene is taken up by the dendritic cell and reintroduced to the patient, the cell can potentially produce large amounts of the antigen and induce a strong immune response. Currently, an alternative method in which dendritic cells are fused with tumor cells is under research. All of these methods are very cumbersome and expensive, making their widespread use difficult.
Viral Vector Vaccines
Viral vectors utilize a modified virus that remains mildly infectious. The gene that encodes the TAA is placed inside the virus, and when the virus infects a dendritic cell, it can induce the cell to produce large amounts of the antigen. This method has the advantage of being a much cheaper and easier way of introducing genes into dendritic cells than direct injection or electrical manipulation. The dendritic cells can be altered directly in the patient and do not need to first be removed from the patient and later reintroduced. In addition, current viral vaccines also include genes encoding co-stimulatory signals so that the dendritic cells will also produce these proteins, improving the immune response. However, one disadvantage of this system is the possibility of generating an immune response to the virus itself. If the viral antigens are recognized by the immune system, the virus can be cleared from the body before it has a chance to infect the dendritic cell. If the virus is cleared to quickly, no immune response against the cancer is mounted.
Heat Shock Protein Vaccines
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are produced by all cells when they undergo environmental stresses. When these proteins move outside of the cell, they act as stimulatory signals to the immune system and induce an immune response. Heat shock protein vaccines work by extracting HSPs directly from tumor cells. HSPs often contain tumor-specific antigens which are recognized by the immune system. When the HSPs are reintroduced to the patients, they both generate an immune response and direct that response to the specific antigens that they carry. However, a number of different HSPs can be produced by a tumor, and they can carry antigens that are found in normal tissue. In order for these vaccines to be clinically useful, only HSPs that carry tumor-specific antigens can be used.


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. By the way, isn't it telling that Filin never used his power to unjustifiably promote his own wife?
Good point, Natalia.
It is a wrong point because it disagrees with facts.
There is no need here to listen to behind-the-scenes rumours and speculations. It will be enough to look at the page of Artistic Director's wife on the Bolshoi's website: http://www.bolshoi.r...ons/ballet/273/
After joining the Bolshoi in 1996 she remained for 14+ years a reliable and hard-working corps de ballet member: swans, Willis, shades, etc., sometimes dancing in groups of 6 or 8.
Her career took off in that very year of 2011 when she was given parts in 'The Rubies' and 'Symphony of Psalms', Fairy of Generosity and White Cat in 'The Sleeping Beauty' and the French Doll in 'The Nutcracker'. The year 2012 brought more new advanced roles: one of 4 swans in 'Swan Lake', Mona in 'Giselle', pas de six in 'La Sylphide', pas de trois in 'The Emeralds', 1st variation in pas d'aks′on in 'La fille du pharaoh', a nymph in 'Apollo' and others.
I have written it without delving into guesses and arguments but only in order to state the sober facts as they are.


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Easy To InstallEnergy Efficient Heating
Want to see your project featured on our website? Submit your photos. If chosen we will display them for all to see.
Installing your tile in a pattern can add a lot to your project. We recommend a minimum of 15% overage when selecting tile for use in a pattern.
View All Tile Patterns
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An Introduction to Wood Look Tile
Tips - Grouting Wood Look Porcelain Tile
Tips - Creating A Realistic Wood Look Tile Installation


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Toronto Mayor Rob Ford has been in the headlines a lot the last few months. Now, he has a YouTube show.
Ford launched Ford Nation, which he appears in with his brother, Doug Ford, on the same day a Toronto production company purchased film rights to a new book, Crazy Town, about his life. USA TODAY Network looks at his new YouTube offering as well as some of his other attention-getting behavior.
Follow @AshMWill on Twitter


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Former Bethany College employee Shelly Lough allegedly told law enforcement she embezzled more than $500,000 from the school to pay two individuals who threatened to reveal sexually explicit photos of her.
Lough, 46, of Wheeling turned herself in at the Brooke County Sheriff's Department on Tuesday. Magistrate Linda Viderman arraigned her on charges of embezzlement and falsifying accounts. Lough posted $5,000 bond at court and was released.
In a Sept. 1 interview with a sheriff's deputy, "Lough confessed to taking thousands of dollars of Bethany College's money, and giving it to two other individuals" between July 2011 and May, court filings state.
"Miss Lough stated that she was extorted by these two individuals, as they had in their possession, photos and text messages that were sexually explicit in nature, and threatened to provide the said texts and photos to Miss Lough's husband if she did not pay their cash demands," the complaint states.
Brooke County Prosecutor Joe Barki said two Ohio residents also are targeted in the investigation. It is not known if the investigation into those two suspects will be completed by the Nov. 4 grand jury.
The alleged embezzlement is suspected to be a part of a larger criminal operation, Barki said.
Lough was employed at the college's cashier's office, and according to court filings, was solely responsible for the cash window, where students and staff cashed payroll and personal checks. She allegedly stole cash from the office, then falsified accounts to hide the thefts. The college discovered the missing money in May during an external audit.
College officials suspected Lough and moved her to another position in the finance department, said Bethany Vice President Sven de Jong. She continued to work, but did not have access to cash or financial accounts.
Lough immediately was fired after she confessed to the thefts in an interview with the school's legal counsel and outside accountants, de Jong said.


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May 21, 2012
Well-connected coffee spots in Cape Town
There's nothing like enjoying a great cappuccino while catching up on your emails in one of Cape Town's trendy coffee shops-cum-restaurants.
It matters not whether you're an executive on a corporate mission or a tourist posting Cape Town pics on your Facebook profile, having handy Wi-Fi access is a real bonus.
Although the main attraction is, without doubt, the hot coffee and tasty food, customers are encouraged to take advantage of the FREE Wi-Fi service on offer while topping up caffeine levels.
You'll find coffee spots dotted all over the city, often tucked away in the most unexpected yet convenient places. So, whether you need to Google in Greenmarket Square or Wi-Fi in Woodstock, see the list below:
Where: 133 Bree Street
Contact: +27 (0)21 424 7648
Website: clarkesdining.co.za
Field Office
Where: 37 Barrack Street
Contact: +27 (0)21 461 4599
Website: www.fieldoffice.co.za
Where: 175 Long Street
Contact: +27 (0)21 422 3788
Website: www.yourstrulycafe.co.za
Where: 1 Somerset Road, corner Buitengracht Street, Green Point
Contact: +27 (0)21 200 0440
Website: www.truthcoffee.com
Vida e Caffè in Kloof
Where: 34 Kloof Street, Gardens
Contact: +27 (0)21 426 0627
Website: www.vidaecaffe.com
Escape Caffe
Where: 130 Bree Street (corner of Wale)
Contact: +27 (0)21 422 1325
Website: www.escapecaffe.co.za
Where: 67 Rose Street, Bo-Kaap
Contact: +27 (0)21 422 4413
Website: www.haascollective.com/
Jason Bakery
Where: 185 Bree Street
Contact: +27 (0)21 424 5644
Website: www.facebook.com/JasonBakery
Bread Milk and Honey
Where: 10 Spin Street
Contact: +27 (0)21 461 8425
Website: www.facebook.com/Bread-Milk-and-Honey
Where: 54 Shortmarket Street, Greenmarket Square
Contact: +27 (0)21 424 6171
Website: www.cravesa.com
Bean There
Where: 58 Wale Street
Contact: +27 (0)87 943 2228
Website: www.beanthere.co.za
Where: 76 Roodebloem Road, Woodstock
Contact: +27 (0)21 447 3760
Website: www.dining-out.co.za
Are you a Capetonian coffee shop hidden among the Mother City's many gems? Please email email@example.com to add your comfy caffeine cave to our listings.


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Hi, this is my first question. It appeared while solving a research problem in cryptography. I am computer science student, so I apologize for lack of mathematical rigor in this question. Thanks for any help.
Consider the RiemannZeta function at s = +1. It diverges, but the expression for the function is RiemannZeta(1) = $\lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} \sum_{i = 1}^{n} \frac{1}{i}$ , the truncated sum of which are the $n$-th harmonic number, $\mathcal{H}(n)$.
The question is, How about the expression RiemannZeta(1) = $\lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} \prod_{\textrm{primes} p_i \leq n} \frac{1}{1-p_i^{-1}}$. is the value of the truncated product $\mathcal{H}(n)$ too?
My simulations for large values of $n$ tells me that it is some function of $\log n$ (for example comparing the ratio of the function for $n$ and $n^2$ and $n^3$ etc) How do we prove this?
In summary, What is the value of $\prod_{\textrm{primes} p_i \leq n} \frac{1}{1-p_i^{-1}}$? Thanks


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Esther tells Achashveirosh in the name of Mordechai of a plot to assassinate him (Achashveirosh). They investigate, and stop the would-be assassins. And then... nothing? Why didn't Achashveirosh reward Mordechai right then?
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The Malbim on Megillas Esther (2:23, page 61 in the aforelinked book) asks this question, and concludes that this is one of the numerous miracles surrounding the story of Esther's ascent to power. It would have been much more normal for the debt to have been paid off immediately, and his not doing so is simply an act of G-d.
Since Mordechai did not tell the King himself, Achashveirosh felt beholden to Esther for saving his life, and in addition Hashem put into the mind of Achashveirosh not to pay Mordechai right away in order to save it for later when it was needed.


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In Jech's Set Theory, p. 194, I read - as a comment on the definition of ordinal-definable sets ("A set X is ordinal-definable if there is a formula such that [...]") -:
It is not immediate clear that the property "ordinal-definable" is expressible in the language of set theory.
Just to show that there is an equivalent definition that is.
a) Cannot every formulaic definition be translated into a set theoretic one by gödelization?
b) If gödelization is not what Jech means: Are there "working" formulaic definitions (working = used in practice) that cannot be translated into a set set theoretic one?


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Hungary were considered the greatest international team of the 1950's, going on a 4 year unbeaten run until they lost the 1954 World Cup final 3-2 to West Germany, a team they demolished 8-3 in the group stages only a few weeks before. An attack spearheaded by Ferenc Puskas made them a difficult team to defend against. However things of late have not been rosy for Hungary with them failing to qualify for a major tournament since 1986.
I have been hired as the unanimous choice to bring back the glory days of old, where a team was feared the world over.
FA Expectations
I have been asked to be competitive in the Qualifiers and look to build to the future, looking at my group there is an outside chance of 2nd place
Qualifying Group E
I have come to the conclusion that Holland will win the group easily so i'll be looking to get results against Sweden to take me into the playoffs
Current World Ranking: 51st


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13 Mar 2013 7:05 AM #1
Publish popup window cannot be closed
Architect Build tested:
- 2.2 Build: 894
- ExtJS 4.2.x
- After publishing project, a modal popup is displayed and cannot be closed except if you move it.
- Click on publish
- click on popup close button
- Modal popup is closed
- Popup remains visible
Possible fix:
- Move popup and then close it
- Downgrade to 2.1 (I do prefer right-click in my Windows task bar and CloseAll DOS windows)
- Win 7 Pro
Feature request :
- Close popup when user clicks outside modal popup or get back to 2.1 behaviour
13 Mar 2013 7:21 AM #2
investigating...Phil Strong
13 Mar 2013 7:27 AM #3
I just tested it on Win 7 enterprise and it appears to work just fine.
clicked the (x) at the top right and it closed first try. I was also able to hit Esc key.
build 894
Can you share a screen shot?Phil Strong
13 Mar 2013 7:58 AM #4
Here is a screenshot. Please note that my mouse was over the X button and that did not change button color (blue on mouseover). It's change to blue on mouseover after moving window.
And thank you for the ESC tip !
13 Mar 2013 9:32 AM #5
Ok good info. We'll get to the bottom of this.Phil Strong
13 Mar 2013 9:32 AM #6
Thanks for the report! I have opened a bug in our bug tracker.
14 Mar 2013 8:26 PM #7
I have the same issue in Windows 7; seems to happen only after the project has been open for a while.
14 Mar 2013 10:09 PM #8
I see the same under Windows XP with Architect 2.2.0.
The same happens in several other windows, like trying to drag and drop a component from root to some branch.
There is the popup for Move, Copy, and Link. It is not possible to press on anything else but Move.
19 Mar 2013 9:06 AM #9
We have a solution for this and it will be in the next patch. The issue is that some users don't have DirectX 9 installed and our growl notification uses css animations. Sencha Desktop packager and Chrome both hardware accelerate these animations using DX on Windows and when it's not there they don't show (see screenshot for what should happen when you save). Newer versions of Windows install an appropriate version of DX by default.
Typically the animation occurs and on animation end we clean up the growl message and so under normal conditions the pane that holds them is a 0px by 0px div and does not get in the way.
Screen Shot 2013-03-19 at 12.51.13 PM.jpg
Screen Shot 2013-03-19 at 12.50.44 PM.jpg
The fix will be 2 fold:
1. Make the growl pane that holds potential growls have no pointer events and thus users can click through them.
Current workaround(s):
1. Install Direct X 9 -- http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/downl...ils.aspx?id=35
2. Make Architect viewport have more width so dialogs don't overlap with this pane and get "covered up"
We know there has been some regressions with 2.2 and mainly that's due to the new platform we're using. After we address the issues reported by the community things should smooth out. Thanks for working through this with us.
Also note that Architect 2.1 and 2.2 can be installed side by side simply by changing the install location in the installer to something different for the 2nd install (don't overwrite)Phil Strong
19 Mar 2013 9:24 AM #10
Hi Phil !
Thanks for investigating on this.
Unfortunately I think I have some bad news :
I have DirectX 11 installed on my Win7 Pro 64bits platform
Architect is fullscreen opened (1920 x 1200) and Inspector/toolbox both reduced to minwidth
Note : I do not have any "Project successfully saved" message when saving my project