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A Schoolboy Steals Day One of the Masters
China's Guan Tianlang, 14, Displays Nerves of Steel on Augusta Greens
Augusta, Ga.
The world of golf may have glimpsed its future Thursday in the form of Guan Tianlang, a 14-year-old eighth-grader from Guangzhou, China.
On a day when countless eighth graders across the country saw their orthodontists and fretted over potential dates for the middle school graduation dance, Guan calmly played in the world's most famous golf tournament in a threesome that included Ben Crenshaw, the 61-year-old former Masters champion who is old enough to be Guan's grandfather.
With a series of gutsy chips and clutch putts on Augusta National's pool-table slick greens, Guan notched four birdies and carded a 1-over-par 73, two shots better than Bubba Watson, the defending champion.
On the 18th hole, Guan stood over his 12-foot putt from the fringe and rolled it perfectly to the edge of the cup, then pumped his fist as it dropped into the hole.
"It must help to have 14-year old nerves," said Crenshaw.
The boy's father, Han Wen, gushed, "He's always as good as he was today."
"One chip, one putt, that's his game," said John Ho, an owner of Guan's home course in Guangzhou, Lion Lake Country Club. "He's unbelievable."
There were other notable performances during the first day at the Masters. Australian Marc Leishman, a relative unknown, reeled off four birdies on the back nine to shoot a 66 and a share of the lead. Englishman David Lynn, a definite unknown, carded a 68, tying him with a 53-year-old Fred Couples for third place as twilight fell. Tiger Woods, the prohibitive favorite, shot a 70, the same opening round score he carded when he won the tournament in 1997, 2001 and 2002.
But the giddiest buzz surrounded a kid who will hustle back to China next week to catch up on the gossip at Guangzhou Zhixin Middle School.
His par-saving putt on the fourth hole elicited roars, his birdie putt on 13 yelps. Guan barely cracked a smile.
What makes Guan all the more surprising is his country's ambivalence toward the sport. The Communist government doesn't want to embrace what it views as a rich-man's game. Officially, the construction of golf courses has been banned in China since 2004, but hundreds have sprouted since then, including many designed by the likes of Jack Nicklaus, Nick Faldo and Arnold Palmer.
Of the estimated 600 golf courses in China, only a few are legal. Government officials aren't supposed to golf. Some wear two gloves on a weekend outing to avoid the giveaway tanned right hand on Monday morning.
But golf is good both for tourism and for greasing the wheels of business that propel the world's second-largest economy.
Before Guan, the country had produced few world class golfers. Liang Wen-Chong is the only Chinese golfer to reach the top 100 in the Official World Golf Rankings. He played at the Masters in 2008 but failed to make the cut.
To earn an automatic entry into the Masters, Guan won the Asia-Pacific Amateur Championship last November, by sinking a 5-foot par putt on the final hole.
After Guan qualified for the Masters, Ho, the Lion Lake owner, built a practice green with low-cut grass to match the speed of Augusta National's, and allowed only Guan to play on it. Too much use would ruin the delicate grass.
"This is about power for China," said Ho. Plus, as word spreads that Lion Lake is Guan's home course, the club is bound to become more popular. "It's going to be a lot more famous, especially with the kids."
Guan's father, who introduced his son to the game when he was a toddler, picks him up after school every day for the one-hour trip to Lion Lake. Guan practices there until dark, usually without a coach.
In Georgia, Guan has been eating lunch in the clubhouse, his mother said through an interpreter, and has been dining out with his family at night. About a half-dozen relatives and friends made the trip. One night they went to TBonz, the steakhouse chain. Another night they went to Shangri-La Chinese Cuisine.
For breakfast Thursday, Guan ate a typical Chinese breakfast of potatoes with meat, rice and stir-fried eggs, showing no sign of nerves, his mother said.
Guan said he watched a little television Wednesday night and after a good sleep had only slight nerves as he approached the first tee. "I hit a good shot and after that I felt comfortable," he said.
After bogeying the opening hole, Guan barely missed a birdie putt on the second. Then he pounded his drive on the 350-yard, par-four third hole within fifty yards of the flag and hit a wedge to within 10 feet.
Standing over his putt, a drive from the group following Guan's rolled up on the green. No matter. Guan took a breath and drained his putt. Shots like that soon had the Augusta galleries mangling his name in their throaty southern drawls.
"Bite!" Jackie Crenshaw yelled as Guan's second shot on the seventh hole rolled toward the rough. Guan's best shot of the day came on the sixth hole, when he had to chip from a downhill lie onto a green that was sloping away from him. Guan bounced the ball off the hill just before the green, which slowed his ball just enough to leave him with a short putt to save par.
Guan has no chance of winning the tournament. His drive usually doesn't travel more than 250 yards, making several of the course's long par-four holes too difficult for him.
And in all sports, teenage wonders sometimes falter with age. At 13, Michelle Wie, the U.S. golfer, was supposed to evolve into a player who could compete with men.
But as he battles Friday to make the cut at this year's tournament, Guan said he intended to enjoy himself.
Whatever happens, the mundane business of being a schoolboy lies immediately ahead. "He definitely needs to go back and take exams," said Jack Peng, a golf agent who is serving as an adviser to Guan's family.


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|By Nicos Vekiarides
Article Rating:
|November 14, 2012 04:15 PM EST
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Read the original blog entry...
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I'm trying to determine what the new options are available for a character who has so far been managed through the offline character builder. I've noticed that any of the Essentials books and Heroes of Shadow are new sources not previously available, but which magazine issues are new since the final offline CB update?
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I just booted up my old offline character builder for this as I, too, was curious.
If you boot up the builder and click to create a new character, followed by going to "Manage" and "Campaign Settings" you will find a complete listing of resources used in the builder itself.
The most recent issues of Dragon and Dungeon magazines are issues 390 and 181 respectively. These two magazines have the "Beta" tag next to them, but other than that, it appears that all available content from those magazines is available for building.
Issues 389 and 180 are also tagged as beta, but all issues prior to that are not.
Note: The only other thing listed in beta is Psionic Power
Here's a quotation taken from the email I got about the release of the web-based character builder:
The November 2010 issue of Dragon Magazine is #393.
The November 2010 issue of Dungeon Magazine is #184.
I'm not sure if they actually included the content from the most recent magazine as of November 2010. You may be safer going back an edition or two.


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I have RSI problems and have tried 30 different computer keyboards which all caused me pain. Playing piano does not cause me pain. I have played piano for around 20 years without any pain issues. I would like to know if there is a way to capture MIDI from a MIDI keyboard and output keyboard strokes. I know nothing at all about MIDI but I would like some guidance on how to convert this signal into a keystroke.
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Whether you're a beginner or an experienced developer, you can contribute.
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A good library in .NET with full midi support (BASS), go to http://www.un4seen.com.
And for the other part, translating keyboard midi notes to keys and more, I would go for AutoItX, the ActiveX/COM and DLL interface to autoIt. Info and download, go to http://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/
No need to write keyboard driver.
I haven't done any MIDI programming in years, but your fundamental idea is very sound (no pun).
MIDI is a stream of "events" (or "messages"), two of the most fundamental being "note on" and "note off" which carry with them the note number (0 = C five octaves below middle C, through 127 = G five octaves above the G above middle C, in semi-tones). These events carry a "velocity" number on keyboards that are velocity sensitive ("touch sensitive"), with a force of (you guessed it) between 0 and 127.
Between velocity, chording, and the pedals, I'd think you could come up with quite a good "typing" interface for the piano keyboard. Chording in particular could be a very powerful technique — as I mentioned in the comments, it's why rank-and-file stenographers can use a stenotype machine to keep up with people talking for hours in a row, when even top-flight typists wouldn't be able to for any length of time via normal typewriter-style keyboards. As with machine stenography, you'd need a "dictionary" of the meanings of chords and sequences of chords. (Can you tell I used to work in the software side of machine stenography?)
To do this, the fundamental pieces are:
To be most broadly-compatible with software, you'd have to write this as a keyboard device driver. This is a plug-in to the operating system that serves as a source for keyboard events, talking to the underlying hardware (in your case, the piano keyboard). For Windows and Linux, you're probably going to want to use C for that.
However, since you're just generating keystrokes (not trying to intercept them, which I was trying to do years ago), you may be able to use whatever features the operating system has for sending artificial keystrokes. Windows has an interface for doing that (probably several, the one I'm thinking of is
Update: More about the "dictionary" of chords to keystrokes:
Basically, the dictionary is a trie (thanks, @Adam) that we search with longest-prefix matching. Details:
In machine stenography, the stenographer writes by pressing multiple keys on the stenotype machine at the same time, then releasing them all. They call this a "stroke" of the keyboard; it's like playing a chord on the piano. Strokes frequently (but not always) correspond to a syllable of spoken language. Like syllables, sometimes one stroke (chord) has meaning all on its own, other times it only has meaning combined with following strokes. (Think "good" vs. "good" followed by "bye"). Although they'll be heavily influenced by the school at which they studied, each stenographer will have their own "dictionary" of what strokes they use to mean what, a dictionary they will continuously hone over the course of their working lives. The dictionary will have entries where the stenographic part ("steno", for short) is one stroke long, or multiple strokes long. Frequently, there will be several entries with the same starting stroke which are differentiated by their length and by the subsequent strokes. For instance (and I won't use real steno here, just placeholders), there may be these entries:
A = alpha A/B = alphabet A/B/C = alphabetic A/C = air conditioning B = bee B/C = because C = sea D = dog D/D = Dee Dee
(Those letters aren't meant to be musical notes, just abstract markers.)
Note that
Also note that (although not shown in the very small sample above), there may be multiple ways to "play" the same word or phrase, rather than just one. Stenographers do that to make it easier to flow from a preceding word to the next depending on hand position. There's an obvious analogy to music there, and you could use that to make your typing flow more akin to playing music, in order to both prevent this from negatively affecting your piano playing and to maximize the likelihood of this actually helping with the RSI.
When translating steno into standard text, again we use a "longest-prefix match" search: The translation algorithm starts with the first stroke ever written, and looks for entries starting with that stroke. If there is only one entry, and it's one stroke long, then we can reliably say "that's the entry to use", output the corresponding text, and then start fresh with the next stroke. But more likely, that stroke starts multiple entries of varying lengths. So we look at the next stroke and see if there are entries that start with those two strokes in order; and so on until we get a match.
So with the dictionary above, suppose we saw this sequence:
Here's how we'd translate it:
Aspects of the above to note:
Consider doing something in hardware that emulates a usb (or ps/2?) keyboard. You will no longer be dependent on a specific OS, or specific OS API. A hardware solution will stand the test of time. Don't be stuck using an old API in Windows 7 when everyone else is running Windows 11! Arduino is pretty easy to learn.
There is a ton of info and help out there for Arduino. It is a hardware hacking platform built for newbies. It will only get bigger now that Google is pushing Arduino.
It sounds to me like you're looking less for advice on how to build this yourself and more asking what resources are already out there to accomplish what you want. Depending on your OS, there are many ways to accomplish this without having to write your own program from scratch:
Free. For Mac OS X 10.3 and up. This one specifically comes with "the ability to use any MIDI keyboard as a full blown computer keyboard replacement."
Free/Postcardware (it's a bit odd). For Windows 2000 and up, and Mac OS X. It initially appears to be more geared towards AutoHotkey-type usage, but on further looking I think it could do what you want nicely.
Free. For Mac OS X. Not exactly a "ready out of the box" solution, but if you are comfortable with basic device configuration, it shouldn't be too bad.
You can access the hardware with source code samples in .NET in MIDI DotNet.
A complete working sample as sourcecode to create MIDI notes data stream is in VB 5/6-Tipp 0521: MIDI-Töne erzeugen (Visual Basic 6.0, somewhere is .NET version too)
A way to simulate keyboard strokes is in VB 5/6-Tipp 0155: Tastaturereignisse simulieren (Visual Basic 6.0, somewhere is .NET version too)
And recognize keystrokes is describedin Tipp-Upload: VB.NET 0266: Globaler KeyHook.
Then, just use a good working matrix for a piano player
On piano and when you're a good player, you can have 10 fingers on the keyboard and if the matrix is usable you can be much more quickly that any computer keyboard user I think. :-)
In that case, if I understand your question right, it should not be a big thing.
I studied piano performance in college and then got into interaction design, programming, and using Vim, so I have actually spent a lot of time prototyping things like this.
You can get this working pretty quick in Linux by using the graphical programming language for multimedia artists, "Pure Data," along with the x11key external by Alex Andre.
On Mac, you can use MidiStroke. I believe a method on Windows involved the MidiOx and AutoHotKey tools. At another time I had a version going using the Java plugin for Max/MSP. I believe Patrice Colet made a windows external for Pure Data that worked as well, but I can't seem to locate it anymore. Also, there's an external for MaxMSP that can do this on Windows. Finally, the non-free but awesome Osculator can do what you want - see the features page.
When I got it working, I never stuck with it, because I couldn't stop tooling with the layout. It was cool just having my monitor on my electric keyboard, though! Good luck.
About MIDI
You stated that you "know nothing at all about MIDI". MIDI technology is fairly straight-forward once you grasp it, but it can be confusing at the outset. One of the resources that has been tremendously helpful for me in understanding the foundations for MIDI (which are certainly necessary if you want to program MIDI interactions), is a book called MIDI for the Technophobe. It's an easy book to read and is very helpful.
Pure Data & Max
In my experience developing interactive multimedia, there are two very similar programs I have encountered that facilitate connecting and mapping signals/inputs from any device.
These are Max for a Mac environment and Pure Data for a PC environment. Both have a plethora of online documentation and YouTube tutorials. The video Max/MSP Tutorial 1 - using your computer keyboard as midikeyboard (ableton style) demonstrates a program built in Max that maps a computer keyboard to a MIDI keyboard's inputs (which is basically the exact opposite of what you are trying to do). You could get your intended results by using the same pattern, but reversing the signals/mappings.
AutoHotKey is a free open source utility for Windows that allows you to remap keys and buttons on your devices to macros. It natively supports QWERTY keyboards, joysticks and mouse macros.
However, I was able to find an implementation supporting the specific mapping you are looking for. These two threads explain the process:
Basically, it looks like AutoHotKey, along with this user's custom patch, will provide exactly what you need to create a mapping from a MIDI keyboard to a QWERTY keyboard's input signal. All you would have to do is install, configure and define your mappings.
Anything else?
Some of the other answers have given you much more extensive information on MIDI and MIDI programming, in general, but as your post states that doesn't seem to be quite what you are looking for. I would like to help you more if possible, but it would be easier if you could be more specific about the type of information you are looking for. For instance, are you more interested in how to convert a MIDI keyboard's input signals to a QWERTY keyboard's signals, or is your primary interest finding an out of the box solution to your specific problem? What are you looking for that has not yet been addressed?
You could hack your own USB keyboard pretty quickly using a Teenys micro controller.
In fact, they have example code for how to make a USB keyboard.
You could approach this two ways:
Actually, I worked on this a while ago, trying to capture Rock Band drum inputs into my computer (making a little Java homemade drum emulator) Anyway, I asked a question on here about that, Time delay problem (there is polling code in there, along with what I was attempting to do.). And if I can find my program I can give you the code, it uses a third-party API (JInput).
Good luck either way.
It works cross platform, can convert any MIDI input to a keystoke easily, quick to setup and configure, plus it's free for personal use.
There is a tutorial, Quick Tip: MIDI Translation – MIDI to Keystrokes, of how to easily set it up:
Basically, there are infinite possibilities of what you can do, including chording and modifier keys. I use it for my live audio rig to control my DAW using my piano and have never had an issue.
In Java, you can use JMF (Java Media framework) to convert MIDI signals. Basic of keyboard design is easy to use, that is, the user interface; and place frequently used charcter/symbol handy.
The sample code and API in Java Sound Resources: Examples: Digital Signal Processing (DSP) help to understand how to process the signal.
Some more references:
Casey has the best answer. I've added a comment to it and upvoted it. This kind of software belongs in either a device driver or an embedded system. Device drivers are much more complex and they are not portable to other OSes. For reference see the issues with Winmodems on Linux.
By putting your code in an embedded system, you make it portable to any MIDI device with a USB port, and any computer that accepts USB keyboards.
There is a program called GlovePIE. You can program it in a simple scripting language, and I believe it supports MIDI. I'm not sure if this fits under the "Java" category, but still, it is a great program. I've used it to control robots using PS3 controllers. It's very powerful.
Many keyboards have a serial port (RS-232) connector to send MIDI signals to the computer. I use a program called Girder to convert serial port communication into keyboard strokes.
Girder has a "mapping" feature that lets you map each key, one by one, to the corresponding keystroke.
This might be the simple solution you're looking for!
Just learn stenography!
It's clear from all the discussion on your part. You don't want to re-invent any wheels, from a technical standpoint. But once you have a connection made (what this question is asking) and up and working, you still have most of the work ahead of you: You have to train your brain. You also have to invent the cleverest, most efficient way to do that - a design issue totally out of the rhealm of computer techies. You or any of us would fall short.
Fortunately, the problem has been solved and honed though centuries of maturing...
Learn stenography!
Yes, this will set you back some jack. But what are hundreds of hours of your own time worth, with at the end, a less favorable result? Besides, the stenography Wikipedia article says, 'it looks more like a piano keyboard'.
Unless, of course, you want to have a sideshow effect going. I would have to admit, I never thought of this possibility, it it would be really entertaining to see somebody bust out a text from a piano keyboard!
You could start with a USB keyboard with touchpad (or a pointing stick would be more ergonomic?), use Plover to translate it (I'm sure it can be configured to let the non-letter keys retain their functionality as they are critical for programming), or, follow the thread Re: Plover keyboard to roll your own USB stenography keyboard, or, buy a stenotype.
Good luck!
Take a look at MAME arcade gaming. They have built hardware devices to allow input from any number of different items. The iPac, for example, converts signals from input devices into USB that the computer can then use to emulate keys. You could use any combination of input devices arranged any way that seems comfortable with no crazy programming logic required--because the software to interpret input is already done and well tested.
I've seen flight simulator cockpit inputs, custom kiosks, and voting systems built in this method.....and the price is right!
Not really program related, but I can offer some advice on how to manage RSI.
There are timers that pace your work troughout the day introducing frequent micro-breaks. If you've researched RSI, I'm sure you've heard about micro-breaks. They're crucial to managing and preventing reoccurrences. A free program is Workrave
Give QWERTY the boot and try Dvorak. Here is a programmer Dvorak keyboard layout. Dvorak has the most often used characters on the home row whereas QWERTY does not. So using Dvorak will reduce the strain caused by not having to 'reach' for letters.
Grab that 'natural' keyboard out of the closet if you're not already using it. Type very lightly. The bare minimum to register a keystroke will do.
Try limiting coffee to one or two cups per day. Excessive caffeine will make you not feel tired and make it easy to forget you have RSI.
Excessive alcohol disrupts the sleep needed to allow your body to heal itself. A good night's rest is crucial for taming RSI.
Stretch using active isolated stetching. A good routine is described in Wrist, Hand & Finger Stretching Routine - Active Isolated Stretching.
Learn how to be ambidextrous with the mouse. Make sure the mouse is designed to be used by both hands and has buttons that are easy to click.
Use a pen tablet as your main input device. Wacom makes some decent inexpensive tablets.
Good luck!
To solve this you will need a few things:
The serial interface would create a virtual serial port. The software that reads the MIDI data and produces the keystrokes could send a serial message to the virtual serial port. The microcontroller would send a keystroke so it would look like a standard keyboard input. This would allow interfacing both MIDI ports and USB MIDI keyboards.
Hmmm, with this type of interface you could also simulate a mouse and use some piano keys setup for the mouse axis and buttons. The pressure could be used to determine mouse pointer velocity. So you could eliminate the mouse as well. Another benefit of this approach is any type of input device you connect could talk to the virtual serial port to produce keyboard and mouse events. So if you wanted to add other hardware such as drum pedals or a joystick it would be a matter of adjusting the program that talks to the serial interface.
Another take on the above is like some posted above to use an Arduino, but also include USB Host Shield from Sparkfun to handle USB based music keyboards. This allows the Arduino to be programmed as a keyboard or keyboard mouse combo in the boot loader chip and allows the device to act a USB host for the USB based music keyboard. Then you are covered for both types. Although, I still think the virtual serial port method is more flexible and would be easier to program in the long run. The Arduino device will be harder to change than a desktop program or service.
There is another possibility: Chorded one handed keyboards already exist. I have seen videos on them, but you would have to determine if those hurt your hands or not.
Your pain symptoms could very well be psychosomatic.
I once thought I had RSI in my wrist for many months after a long night of playing computer games. Physical therapy did not help. After I read an article written by a doctor explaining that RSI, carpal tunnel, back pain and IBS can often be psychosomatic, especially in people who are under stress, the pain practically disappeared (it helped to visualize my wrist relaxing and blood flowing to it, since the article said that autonomic blood vessel constriction is the immediate cause of the pain). I was in fact suffering from a lot of stress at the time.
It should be fairly easy using something like the .NET DirectSound interface to hook into an MIDI device. You will need to identify your target MIDI device and then get the code to listen in on the incoming messages (there are articles about doing this via Google).
Since you are using the MIDI in as a keyboard there are basically only two MIDI messages that you need to detect, namely note on and note off. The MIDI message is three data bytes specifying the command, the note and the velocity. The note off is just the note number (sometimes 'bad' MIDI stacks send a note on with zero velocity which you also have to expect).
Once you have the messages translating them the keyboard output should be fairly simple from .NET.
There is plenty of advice in the other answers about the technicalities; I just wanted to give you an idea of the actual MIDI messages. Good luck!
You'll get better and happier results (regardless what operating system and/or DAW program you like to use) by playing any external MIDI keyboard as a controller through your sound card. Then route that into your GB software (or whatever) and tone generate the many sounds they have supplied you that way in real-time.
If your sound card does not support MIDI I/O's (ins / outs /thrus), that's not a problem. You can consider researching and investing in an external MIDI table top converter. Many are equipped to further convert MIDI outs to USB 2.0 (by- passing an existing sound card altogether).
For example: it's pretty tough getting "human like" grace note results via a Z and X change key option using a computer keyboard and pencil tool. When, instead, your own fingers can just play that with a MIDI keyboard from its own physical octave register ranges—immediately!
I realize budgetary constraints may be involved. But, some of these seemingly cheap "Casio" type 5 octave keyboards sold at Radio Shack for under $100.00 U.S. Dollars (*or less) is all you would need (plus, some of their on-board sound patches and sequencer modules sound and handle amazingly well for other things too).
RadioShack MIDI keyboard options.
As for external MIDI converters for existing sound cards, I've run some Google searches for you as follows with Mac platforms specifically in mind:
A lot of this external MIDI conversion information may be cumbersome to you at first, so I've broken down things more as "user friendly" for your considerations & budget:
There's nothing wrong with facilitating virtual keyboards as VST's when using DAW. They have their place.
But, you sound like an accomplished keyboardist. So, why not consider the external MIDI conversion / keyboard options I just mentioned for yourself?
Good luck and I hope this gave you some ideas that can and will work for you!
If you don't want to do any programming yourself but just want the problem solved you can just buy a USB-MIDI-keyboard where you can re-assign any key to send a QWERTY keyboard output signal instead of a MIDI-output, for example M-Audio Axiom Pro
This method will work with any OS and any computer that supports standard USB-keyboards since the MIDI-keyboard will identify itself as a standard QWERTY keyboard.
You can use a simple AutoIt script to both read MIDI events, see MIDI Input.
You'll also need MIDI UDF and simulate key presses.
Reading MIDI events should be easy, but different MIDI controllers (instruments) have different features. Try to find out what your MIDI piano can do first, then see how you can best map those features to simulated QWERTY-keyboard presses.
If you want, you could have something on screen or in the tray to help you see what you are doing (that is, for Shift, Ctrl and Alt simulation).
You might take a look at chorded keyboards. They have the advantage that you don't need to write a driver for them before you can use them, and some are similar to the layout of a piano keyboard.
If you know coding in Java, you could use this way:
First, implement a
You would need to get the MidiMessage's content with its
After receiving a 'note on' or 'note off' for a certain keyboard key, you may map that to a key you like by assigning it a constant of the KeyEvent class, something like C#4 -> KeyEvent.VK_A and so on. This key code can then be used by
I know exactly how you feel. Doing crazy keyboard coding commands all-day makes my hands hurt.
A piano won't do the job (your better off getting a Dorvak keyboard). The best solution would be mental telepathy or at this moment in time voice control.
I find Arthro-Aid Direct cream is good and Wild Blend works OK as well.
The other thing I've noticed is that the mouse is also majorly to blame, most are un-ergonomic and clicking so much cause RSI and CTS. To overcome this I occasionally use auto mouse clickers, for example Auto Mouse Clicker.
I know of patents with mouse's as grips that you squeeze, I'm keen to buy.
PS: Get your income protection insurance before you see a doctor about your hands!
And don't program on weekends:)
I agree with Brian O'Dell's answer - if this were my project, I'd do it in hardware. It has the advantage of being platform and hardware independent - your box replaces the need for a MIDI-USB interface and a PC API.
mbed is a fast-prototyping platform that is very easy to learn, and has multiple advantages over Arduino IMHO (online compiler, 512 KB flash, 96 MHz, C++ language). It has a USB keyboard interface and a USB Midi interface pre-written for you.
The community is very friendly and willing to help, and there are a lot of existing projects using both MIDI and USB hid emulation - search Youtube for "mbed MIDI" or similar.
If you use Linux have a take at Footware.
It should be exactly what you're looking for - if you adjust the MIDI pitches to a keymapping of your liking...
I never thought this could be useful for anyone but me ;o)
To type faster maybe it's an idea to 'play' the consonants on the left hand and the vowels on the right (or vice versa). You don't need a key for every consonant, because you could combine them like:
You can leave two close keys out (like c# + d, this doesn't play easily). You can even leave the black keys out.
For vowels it is easy:
c d e f g a
However, also think about using multiple keystrokes: like c# = aa, d# = ee, etc.
You can do the same trick with the consonants (having combination of keys for st, sp, etc.)
You can play consonants and vowels at the same time, bind them together alternately or with priority (consonants, then vowels, etc.)
You probably will have to learn to type again, but I'm sure you can do a lot quicker than a normal typing person can.
Use another octave for digits and special characters, use a switch for shift, use an easy to play a combination of keys for space (like two c-s with both left and right hand, make sure it doesn't mean (a) character(s)).
Also think about using a pedal which can have values of 0-127. You could use it as shift or space too ... or backspace/enter.
I hope this give some new ideas and good luck with your project.
The answers to your question are already on this page, but I'd like to make some additional inputs.
First, I'm not convinced typing on a piano keyboard instead will stop the pains. In this regard, I'll suggest you look into something like Nuance Dragon - Naturally Speaking for your typing.
Secondly, if you insist on going ahead with this, you'll probably need to go with Nasebnbaar's (though I don't agree it'll be any faster) and Brian's suggestion. This is probably something you should contact an engineer to do properly, but if you must do it yourself, you'd be better off asking for directions on Electrical Engineering - Stack Echange.
Thirdly, if you simply want to understand how MIDI files work, how to read them programmatically, and how to simulate a keyboard stroke, then good luck ;)
Lastly, I'd like to get a copy as well if you eventually decide to go with the second option :)
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Why does Jesus refer to himself as the "Son of Man"? This is similar to Why does Jesus speak of himself in the third person?, but I am specifically looking for an explanation of the "Son of Man" references.
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From "The Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels"
There are several theories about what Jesus was alluding to in calling himself son of Man (literally son of 'a-dam'):
With any of these motives, by speaking of himself in the third person, he is making an audacious claim (the power!) but couching it in the most humble terms he can.
He was alluding that he would fulfill the prophecy made by the Prophet Daniel in Daniel 7.
It was as direct a claim of messiah ship a first century Jew could make. The Jews understood this and is why he was so widely held as a blasphemer by the Jewish people. This is further reiterated by passages like
Mark 2:10
The Jews understood that only God had the power to forgive sin. We even have a passage where his disciples admit that he is the messiah.
Luke 9
I have heard that it is a mystery why Jesus referred to Himself as the Son of Man. And yet it was in fact what Jesus called Himself the most.
I see it like this, Jesus is speaking as God, because He is God. His perspective on everything is from the point of view of God. So what makes Jesus unique foremost, is not that He is a man who is God, but rather that He is God, but also a man. In all the Universe, here is God as "the Son of Man (mankind)". Or - I am God and also a man, not I am a man who is also God.
This is a reference to a vision in the book of the prophet Daniel:
Jesus refers to this when He is brought before the council, as described in Mark 14:
See also: Luke 22:69
He also refers to it when speaking about the End Times:
See also: Mark 13:26, Luke 21:27
I would say He referred to himself as "the son of man" to keep His identity a secret until it was the right time to die and let the Jews know He was the messiah. (as he did in Mark 14:61-64) Not only is He the son of God, but He is too the son of Joseph. A man of flesh. This going along with Hammer's answer on March 10 that He is speaking from God's point of view.
Jesus wanted to keep His identity secretive until the right and final moment. Which is why He silenced the demons in Mark 1:34 and others in Matthew 8:3-4, 16:20 & 17:9 so that they would not say He was the son of God and He would be charged with Blasphemy.
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Wolcott, Housatonic post overtime wins
Boys soccer roundup Oct. 15
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The Disturbing Origins of 5 Common Nursery Rhymes
Let's face it: everything is a lot more horrifying than you thought when you were a kid. Pick even the most childlike, innocent thing you can think of, and the odds are that there's a deeply disturbing story behind it.
For instance, nursery rhymes. We grew up memorizing these seemingly nonsense lines of verse from Mother Goose, which seem to exist for no other reason than to keep toddlers entertained. There couldn't possibly be some kind of weird, twisted history to them, could there?
Well, guess what ...
#5. Three Blind Mice
Three blind mice, three blind mice,
See how they run, see how they run,
They all ran after the farmer's wife,
Who cut off their tails with a carving knife,
Did you ever see such a thing in your life,
As three blind mice?
We Thought it Meant...
A trio of unfortunate rodents on a mission to find out where the hell they are, eventually run into an old woman who just happens to be skilled in chopping small defenseless animals to pieces. So this one's actually already kind of disturbing on its own.
But Some Experts Say...
The farmer's wife in the poem is an allusion to the 16th Century Queen "Bloody" Mary I, and her enthusiasm for everything involving torture, death, and basically finding new ways to go down in textbooks as history's biggest bitch. The three mice supposedly represent three noblemen who got together and said, "Gee guys, maybe this Mary lady isn't all there." and were consequently prosecuted for conspiring against the queen.
Not afraid to cut a motherfucker.
If you're cringing at the thought of what the cutting off of their three "tails" symbolizes, don't worry. She didn't cut off their dongs. No, she proved she had some form of human empathy, and simply burning those suckers at the stake instead.
#4. Georgie Porgie
Georgie Porgie pudding and pie
Kissed the girls and made them cry
When the boys came out to play
Georgie Porgie ran away
We Thought it Meant...
Some playground creep who seemed to lose his balls at the sight of young men.
But Some Experts Say...
The whole thing refers to a torrid gay sex scandal involving King Charles I.
Georgie Porgie is thought to be a caricature of George Villiers, the 1st Duke of Buckingham and hardcore pretty boy. He was rumored to be a lover to Anne of Austria, the Queen Consort of France who was notorious for just about everything except for being pretty. Or really looking like a woman at all.
Possibly a dude.
So after having a fling with the, er, somewhat masculine Anne, it was a pretty smooth transition for Villiers to switch teams. Not one to do anything half way, the man Villiers chose to woo just happened to be King Charles I. Through the king, Villiers was able to become very powerful and influential, and was even knighted as a--and we're not making this up--Gentleman of the Bedchamber, a title Georgie's parents were surely proud of.
Eventually, Parliament got sick of the bastard and cut off the relationship. As a man of love, Villiers fought for his darling Charles valiantly by pretty much screaming, "Well...okay!" Thus the reference "When the boys came out to play, Georgie Porgie ran away."
As for what exact innuendo "Pudding and pie" represents, we'll let you use your imagination.
#3. Goosey Goosey Gander
Goosey Goosey Gander, whither shall I wander?
Upstairs and downstairs and in my Lady's chamber.
There I met an old man who wouldn't say his prayers,
So I took him by his left leg and threw him down the stairs.
We Thought it Meant...
The town hobo breaking in to various women's rooms and throwing their partners down stairs for being religiously inconsistent.
But Some Experts Say...
Back in 16th century Europe, most people were busy either fighting off plagues or killing off Catholics. Priests especially were in high demand as there was a reward for the Protestant who was able to find and execute one.
The method of execution was often tying him by the legs and throwing him down a flight of stairs (thus the last line in the rhyme). Unless he would begin to say his prayers in English rather than Latin, he would bounce down the steps faster than your childhood Slinky. If he did give in, he was spared by--oh wait, no. They threw him down the stairs regardless.
So that's all well and good, but what the hell does the phrase "Goosey Goosey Gander" have to do with anything?
Well, it's thought that "Goosey" is referencing an old slang term "goose" which was a nice but roundabout way of saying "voluptuous lady of the night" which in turn is a euphemism for "goddamn dirty hooker." In fact, the term "goose bumps" was originally slang for the red bumps caused by venereal diseases.
The more you know, kids!


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Today in Tweet Beat, Brooke Hogan shares her wisdom about women, Lady Gaga will not be destroyed, and Rob Lowe never liked Helen Thomas anyway.
What separates ho's from ladies:ho's are ladies that don't respect themselves that stay around gettin hurt waiting 4 the situation 2 change-
Ladies get hurt once and have enough confidence to walk away after they've been hurt and wait for a man who will be a nice change.
Me at the MTV movie awards wearing a dress from my clothing line. http://bit.ly/aQrxtx
My options are open....just sayinnnn
So many will try to destroy me. So many, over and over, coming in periods of greatness. But in this period, I cannot be broken: GAGAKLEIN.
Helen Thomas. Never understood why they let her be SO disrespectful to the Presidents. Never liked her. And know I know why.
I feel like every time I turn on Regis and Kelly there's a 10 year old on there that's much smarter me.
The way I feel about "hating" is why hate someone you don't know, it doesn't make sense to me
I of course have hated but I don't express it to hurt someone I try to say it in a nice way
Are we getting wiser?
Don't ask questions that you already know the answer to.
I stopped being with anyone who is verbally abusive
think ima go away!!!!
Hammie and his doll... http://tweetphoto.com/26096417
With @KathyGriffin, Lily Tomlin and Suzanne Somers at a dinner at Kathy's house. She's such a dynamo. Just love he http://twitpic.com/1utgy4
Where's Peabo Bryson been? Anyone know? I duetted w/him and he's on the radio now! Nice guy!


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Some sessions of Congress deserve names
Read enough about history and all sorts of odd topics come randomly into your head. These days, I keep thinking about the British and their onetime habit of assigning names to their sessions of Parliament.
For example, there's the Parliament King Charles I called in the spring of 1640. It convened on April 17 and immediately presented the king a with thick batch of complaints. Charles was so annoyed he sent everyone home on May 5. The gathering is known to history as the "Short Parliament."
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February 12, 2013 - Philadelphia
The Chemical Heritage Foundation (CHF) has named Kevin Cavanaugh as vice president for finance and administration and chief financial officer. In this role he will be responsible for the investment portfolio and all financial operations for the world's largest organization preserving and interpreting the history of chemistry and early science. He will also lead expansion of CHF facilities at its headquarters in Philadelphia.
"Kevin brings considerable depth and breadth of financial experience to CHF," said Thomas R. Tritton, president and CEO. "His financial leadership in both nonprofit and for-profit organizations plus his personal enthusiasm for CHF's mission make him the ideal person to help CHF achieve growth and success."
Kevin Cavanaugh is vice president for finance and administration and chief financial officer. He joined CHF after serving as CFO of the Clean Energy Group, a nonprofit that promotes clean-energy policies and works on financial tools to stabilize greenhouse-gas emissions. Before that Cavanaugh was the chief operating officer and CFO of the Reinvestment Fund, a national leader in the financing of neighborhood revitalization. He also has work experience in the scientific world, including stints at both Cephalon and DuPont.
He is a graduate of the Lerner College of Business and Economics at the University of Delaware and lives in Drexel Hill with his wife, Beth, a former chemical engineer who now teaches mathematics, and their two children.
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Posted in Summer 2011- North America
Tags: Maine, mountains, New Hampshire, ocean, The World According to Woman, Woman
In the World According to Woman, the only kind of people that I want in my world are adults. Legal adults.
Thank-you for your time and see you when you can buy us all a round at the bar!
The World According to Woman
gabryella_china AT yahoo DOT com
Twitter: @Woman_China
Thank-you for visiting The World According to Woman; I hope you have enjoyed your stay.
The exits are down this aisle to your left. Keep your arms and legs inside the blankets at all times least you catch them on someone's zipper.
Be safe, be kind, masturbate frequently, have sex even more... it could indeed make your life a better ride!!!
gabryella_china AT yahoo DOT com
Twitter: @Woman_China


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5 Secret Languages That Stuck It to the Man
If you think about it, every group sort of has its own language -- even a bunch of dudes who hang out in college develop their own inside jokes and nicknames that sound like nonsense to the outside world. Show up to a new Internet forum and you'll be lost in all of their memes and jargon. But there have been times and places throughout history where people have literally developed an entirely new language that only their group spoke, like the old-time criminals who invented a bunch of the slang you use today. But they were hardly the only ones ...
#5. Vietnam War POWs Communicated by Tapping
Prisoners of war tend to have a language barrier with their captors, so it's par for the course that guards in POW camps will try to prevent their prisoners from speaking to each other, since you just can't tell whether they're complimenting each other's haircuts or discussing which guard to shank first. This is what happened to American prisoners during the Vietnam War, so the prisoners had to come up with a way to talk without even letting their captors realize that they were talking at all.
How Did They Do It?
So they came up with a tap code. The basic idea is that you tap out your message using a specific pattern. It's kind of like Morse code, only simpler, because you can't make a dash sound by tapping your fingers.
The tap code works by putting all of the letters of the alphabet on a 5-by-5 grid. (Well, 25 of them -- to make it fit, they had to cut out "K" and use "C" instead.) For each letter, you first tap the row and then the column -- so to tap out the letter "H," you'd tap twice for the row, then three more times for the letter. There's a decoder here, but unfortunately the prisoners didn't have access to one of these, so they had to do it all mentally.
Via PBS.org
And thus was born the first troll, tapping out "dongs" over and over again throughout the night.
Of course, once you're condemned to silence, it's kind of impossible to teach a code to someone unless, you know, they already understand the code you're using. So, as soon as his team was captured and he realized that they were about to be separated, Captain Carlyle "Smitty" Harris recalled being taught about the tap code by an Air Force instructor in his youth and quickly taught it to the three guys next to him, who in turn taught it to every prisoner they came into contact with. The result was that "the building sounded like a den of runaway woodpeckers," all of whom were tapping out carefully coded fuck yous to the Vietnamese.
The prisoners quickly used the code to re-establish the chain of command, direct medical aid and their rations to the most severely injured inmates, keep stories straight and, most adorably, say goodnight to each other. Considering the amount of time it took (and the number of calluses one developed) to tap out a single word, you really have to respect that.
#4. Flowers Were Once a Secret Love Code
Every man knows that if you can't afford to get your girl a red rose on Valentine's Day, you might as well be punching her in the face. But why is that? Who decided that a rose should be the symbol for love, and not a sunflower? Or a turd?
What you may not have realized is that virtually every single flower has a meaning attached to it. In Victorian times, any verbal or written expression even hinting that there was such a thing as sex was hugely frowned upon. But behind closed doors, there was fortunately still such a thing as fucking, so people had to get creative with how they expressed affection (or lack of).
"What's it mean when you get a bouquet of cranberries and your son's head?"
So they communicated with flowers instead. The rose we mentioned earlier is a holdover from what used to be a giant, complex flower code.
How Did They Do It?
They had worked it out so that everything from the type of flower to the hand with which you presented it had meaning. You could ask a girl to marry you with a flower and she could turn you down just by taking it with her left hand. Flowers weren't the only things taken into account, either -- herbs, spices and even fruits and freaking vegetables had meaning. There's a full list here if you want to revive the age-old tradition of telling people to go fuck themselves with flowers.
"Hey Mom ... Dad said to give you this and tell you he's fucking your sister."
Although the tradition of attaching meanings to flowers dates back much earlier in time, it was the famously prudish Victorians who made the most use of it. Since it wasn't civilized to communicate feelings or flirt openly, small bouquets called tussie-mussies were the best way to indicate that you wanted to do the horizontal hug. Even whole arguments could be contained entirely within the exchange of flowers or plants. Although we can't help but feel that slapping someone in the dome with a cucumber would be far more insulting than giving them some seasoning.
#3. Fans and Kimonos Were Used as a Code
We guess you could say that there's always a message hidden in the way you dress. A suit and tie means that you're on your way to either a well-paying job or a court hearing, while a Che Guevara T-shirt means that you are in favor of the downfall of capitalism, and also of girls with dreadlocks admiring your guitar playing. But in the past, some cultures actually had a language built into their clothing. For example, the way the Japanese wore a kimono in the 10th century could replace whole paragraphs of conversation about their mood and interests, enabling them to skip the first hour or so of a first date.
And if you've ever seen pictures of women from Victorian England or pre-revolutionary France, you probably noticed that they used to carry fans around everywhere. It's not that they had a problem with blistering year-round heat waves -- the way they carried those fans was part of a complicated visual language that women used to communicate without having to worry about gossip.
"Did she just call me a fan-sniffing bitch? I'll kill her!"
How Did They Do It?
Fan language was pretty much as complex as sign language, with dozens of different signals conveyed by the opening or closing of the fan, the speed of fluttering and where it was held in relation to the body. A woman could indicate how she felt about someone, whether she and her companion were being watched or whether or not her companion was allowed to kiss her. She could even indicate the hour at which a secret meeting could take place by opening a certain number of slats on the fan.
"So, 67 o'clock, then? Or how does that work? I'm not good with math."
This was really beneficial in an age before text messaging. People could communicate across a crowded room without having to shout, and they could share messages without everyone in the district knowing the ins and outs of their conversation. On the other hand, it would suck if you were just fanning yourself because you happened to be hot and accidentally proposed to some random dude by doing so.
As for kimonos, the length of the sleeves, how open the neckline was and the method by which the sash was tied all gave off different meanings. The images used in the kimono's patterns were also meaningful, indicating various moods and seasons and even literary references. In other words, the pattern of cloth you were wearing could show off your favorite book, making Japan possibly the earliest known producer of the geek T-shirt.


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text: Wtf?!? I am in my third season of a team that I worked so hard to put together, so much time and effort, and now I am playing my fourth game of my third season, and ALL of my players "ineligible for next match"!! What type of glitch is this?!? Is there a remedy for this error? Anoyone heard of this?


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The public exploits of apache mod_rewrite asks for the rewrite path in order to work, and I am unsure what the rewrite path is referring to. What should I supply in rewrite path?
Your best bet is to read the mod_rewrite documentation which explains how rewrite works. From that page:
So the path is whatever you want it to be.


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Published August 21, 2013
An African Bullfrog is placed on a weighing scale during the London Zoo's annual weigh-in in London.
Members of conservative civic groups (not pictured), which consists of North Korean defectors living in South Korea, release balloons towards North Korea in Yeoncheon, near the demilitarized zone separating the two Koreas, north of Seoul.
Indian laborers carry a giant basket of vegetables to a wholesale market in Kolkata.
Saidi, a former fisherman, collects plastic cups for recycling at Pluit lake in Jakarta, Indonesia.
A cameraman films the figures of Soviet soldiers at the base of the Soviet Army monument painted in pink in Sofia. Unknown artists have painted the nine soldiers in pink during the night and wrote "Bulgaria apologizes" both in Bulgarian and Czech language in what appears to be an artistic apology for Bulgaria's support in smashing the Prague Spring uprising against the Communist rule in August, 1968.
Syrian refugees cross into Iraq at the Peshkhabour border point in Dahuk, 260 miles (430 kilometers) northwest of Baghdad, Iraq, Aug. 20, 2013.
Students play with their iPads at the Steve Jobs school in Sneek. The Steve Jobs schools in the Netherlands are founded by the O4NT (Education For A New Time) organization, which provides the children with iPads to help them learn with a more interactive experience.
People in costumes parade in the street during the annual Badagry festival in Lagos, Nigeria, Aug . 20, 2012. This year festival is in honor of Marcus Garvey, a proponent of "Back to Africa" movement in the United States.
Visitors play "Sims 4" at the Electronic Arts EA exhibition stand during the Gamescom 2013 fair in Cologne, Germany.
Pelicans are being fed in their enclosure at the bird park in Marlow, north-eastern Germany.
Massive waves from approaching Tropical Storm Trami slam into breakwaters near Toucheng, north eastern Taiwan.
Super heated exhaust is a byproduct of engine testing in the Engine Research Building (ERB) at NASA's Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
A beach along the coastline of Arnhem Land, east of Darwin, in Australia's Northern Territory. Geologists say the Northern Territory, which is the size of South Africa, has abundant diamond, gold and uranium reserves.


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It's true, meditation can fulfil all your wishes
If meditation could change one thing about you, what would you want it to be?
Life is an interesting journey of discovering who we are and the world we are in. It begins with curiosity and ends in amazement. This journey is one of evolution. The body changes, the mind changes, the world around us also changes. However, we do have a choice on what we want to change.
Let's have a look at the wish lists of a few people who were asked this question: 'If meditation could change one thing about you, what would you want it to be?' Interestingly, and it's true, meditation can help fulfil their wishes.
#1: A designer from Croatia, Plakor Kovacevic's choice was slow aging.
The quest for ways to look and feel young shows up in the first person spoken to. Meditation sustains vitality in the physical body. It brings freshness and enthusiasm in the mind, which is the quality of the youth. It makes us conscious of the eternal nature of the spirit – it never dies. So, in more than one way, this is a choice that meditation can fulfil.
#2: For Eben Felix, a travel writer, whose goal is to capture every moment with infinite depth, time seems to be the restricting factor. He would like to perceive things in space and not time.
Time is one of the greatest mysteries in this creation. We have all experienced how time flies when we are happy. When we are sad, every minute seems to be unending. However, when we meditate, we transcend time.
#3: Aditi, one of the many women seeking to strike a harmonious balance between work and family life, yet pursuing her own hobbies, chooses to be more peaceful and have control over her mind.
The mind has a tendency to oscillate between the past and the future. However, it is only the present moment which is the field of action. Can we smile yesterday or tomorrow? We can smile 'now', isn't it? Meditation is the key to bringing the mind to the present moment where we can have a say over our mind.
#4: Ivana from Croatia wants inner peace and emotional stability.
Peace and stability are by-products of meditation. The more and more centered we become, the less likely we will be shaken by the events in our life. Meditation is like having an umbrella. Challenges will come, yet we can move ahead with a smile, come rain or sun.
#5: Getting slim and in shape is Stuti's wish.
Having a healthy body, reducing excess weight, is a very common wish. Normally, one associates reduction of weight with eating less or eating differently, and physical exercises. It is not easy to understand how meditation can help to lose weight. The secret is in the fact that meditation restores harmony and balance in the body and mind. So, a person who is overweight will tend to lose weight and one who is underweight will gain it. It is a very interesting phenomenon, better experienced than spoken about.
#6: Rishabh Verma, a student, wants the ability to smile through every situation so that success comes easy to him.
Obstacles are not always hindrances. They often form stepping stones to success. However, it greatly depends on our ability to see situations as they are and our skill in navigating them. Both of these qualities blossom naturally through meditation. Besides, meditation certainly brings with it a luck factor which is one of the secret ingredients in any recipe for success.
#7: Kratika Mishra, a business woman, wants to balance conflicting priorities at home and work place.
Balance is effortless when we meditate. Conflicts dissolve in our presence when we meditate. Life is full of love, joy and enthusiasm when we meditate.
With so many benefits, one can almost sing effortlessly through life.
#8: Komal Kaur, an office-goer, wants to enhance her singing ability.
Talents flourish when we meditate. Skills develop when we meditate. With meditation, you can explore the depths of your untapped potential and creativity.
So, what better time to start than now?
Do an Online Meditation
Helpful Meditation Tips
Meditation is possible at any time of the day, although mornings could be a good time as meditating then would keep you fresh and energetic all day.
You could meditate anywhere - a plane, a car, or your office cabin. Make sure you pick up a quiet place to avoid distractions. This would help to go deeper in your meditation.
Meditation is always more effective in a group. You could form your own meditation group. This will also ensure that you keep up with your practice everyday.
Inspired by Sri Sri Ravi Shankar's wisdom talks


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Someone recently asked what the epimorphisms in the category of schemes are; the other day I had been wondering about the similar question: what are the monomorphisms in the category of schemes? I am often frustrated working with schemes because, unlike a lot of other categories, it is not immediate that you have left cancellation of morphisms when you know the underlying map on sets is injective--and I think it must not be true in general, though I don't have an example in mind. Are there nice situations or additional conditions that guarantee that one may safely cancel morphisms of schemes on the left?
In EGA IV, 17.2.6 the following characterization of monomorphisms is given:
Also note that (due to the adjunction) a morphism between affine schemes is a monomorphism (in the category of schemes) if and only if the associated homomorphism of rings is an epimorphism (in the category of rings) and the latter ones can be characterized in many ways. See, for example, this Samuel seminar and this MO discussion. Monomorphisms of noetherian schemes are treated in detail in Exposé 7 by Daniel Ferrand.
Further examples:
1) Immersions are monomorphisms; this follows from the universal property of a closed resp. open immersion.
2) A morphism $X \to Y$ is a monomorphism if and only if the diagonal $X \to X \times_Y X$ is an isomorphism. In particular, every monomorphism is separated.
3) In EGA IV, 18.12.6 it is shown that proper monomorphisms are exactly the closed immersions.


text: The high-quality selection available at Dover Saddlery makes it easy to buy a lead rope that will look great and last. Choose a leather lead for when you want to look your best, or a nylon, cotton, rope or web lead rope for daily use. We have an array of colors so you can pick your favorite or match to your halter! Options with and without shanks are available for different levels of control.


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Marvin Smith Memorial Grove 360 Classic A Must See Event
By Ben Deatherage
(Photo Courtesy of Lance Jennings)
Cottage Grove, Oregon- Since 2002 fans of the Cottage Grove Speedway have had the pleasure to watch some great Grove Classics. 2014 will hopefully be the best one to date especially since it is dedicated to the late Marvin Smith a four-time Cottage Grove Speedway Sprint Car champion, one of the track's most popular drivers. The event will be contested over the course of two nights beginning with Friday April 25th and culminating with the finale on Saturday the 26th.
"This year the Grove Classic is going to be very special," commented CGS General Manager Heather Boyce, "Marvin Smith was such an integral part of this place and to honor his legacy for his family and his fans is the least we could do."
The whole weekend will be a fun time as several events will transpire over the two days including a charity kick-it game for Big Al Kids and Motorsports Foundation. Details for further activities will be released shortly so be sure and check the website often. A whole bunch of drivers past and present are looking forward to this event of racing in Marvin's honor.
Roger Crockett has simply owned this event over the past ten years winning thirteen consecutive Grove Classic features starting with his first on April 24th, 2004. Will he sweep another Grove Classic weekend or will someone else rise to the occasion and hoist the trophy in victory lane. Find out on April 25th and 26th at the Cottage Grove Speedway. Be sure and keep up to date with the latest news of CGS by visiting www.cottagegrovespeedway.com.
Past Grove Classic Winners:
2013- Roger Crockett on April 26th, Roger Crockett on April 27th
2011- Roger Crockett on May 13th, Roger Crockett on May 14th
2010- Roger Crockett on April 23rd, Roger Crockett on April 24th
2009- Roger Crockett on April 24th, Roger Crockett on April 25th
2008- Roger Crockett on April 26th
2006- Roger Crockett on April 21st, Roger Crockett on April 22nd
2005- Roger Crockett on April 22nd
2004- Billy Nutter on April 23rd, Roger Crockett on April 24th
2003- Dale Smith on August 29th, Dale Smith on August 30th
2002- Dale Smith on June 29th
Driven by MyRacePassTM
Cottage Grove Speedway | All rights reserved


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Teatime Gift Box
Product ID: C1100ZZ
Keep this tucked in your desk at work, or send to a colleague with a taste for tea! Our signature box is filled with 2 soothing blends of loose teas plus energy-boosting sweets: 4oz. Zabar's English Breakfast tea, 4oz. Zabar's Earl Grey tea, St. Dalfour orange blossom honey, Almondina, Zabar's mug.
Price does not include shipping!
Price does not include shipping!


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On Tuesday, October 9, from 12:15 to 1:15 p.m. the Kernochan Center for Law, Media and the Arts presents "Meet the Practitioner" with Professor Edward Klaris, Vice President of Editorial Assets and Rights at Condé Nast Publications and Lecturer-in-Law at Columbia Law School. At Condé Nast, Klaris is responsible for all copyright and trademark licensing at the company, among other duties. This lecture is part of the Kernochan Center's 2012 Fall IP Speaker Series.
© Copyright 2016, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York.
For questions or comments, please contact the web administrators.
435 West 116 Street, New York, NY 10027 — 212-854-2640


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Treating Brain Tumors
Quality Improvement Tools Guide a Complicated Process
The concept of patient care protocols first attracted the attention of the Neuro-Oncology Program in 2005. A Journal of the American Medicine Association (JAMA) article documented 52 institutions with different approaches to the treatment of brain tumors.
Enhancing Care through Process Improvement
Neuro-Oncology Program Leader Camilo Fadul, MD, reached out to the Dean of the Dartmouth Medical School for help. Fadul was interested in learning more about the Microsystems Academy, a Dartmouth program aimed at helping small groups of people who work together build microsystems that improve the patient care.
Dr. Fadul's goal was to increase the likelihood that patients had access to best care practices from the time they were diagnosed with a brain tumor until the time they received treatment with radiation and/or chemotherapy. Toward that end, a quality improvement team, sponsored by Mark Israel, MD; Evelyn Schlosser, MPH, RN; and David Roberts, MD, used a popular model from the process improvement field: DMAIC.
The DMAIC process improvement framework has five steps:
- Define aim
- Measure current performance
- Analyze current process
- Improve the process
- Control the new process
Establishing the Best-Practice Indicators
With a goal of reducing process variation and maximizing safety and efficiency, they developed a process flow chart of how patients enter and move through the system of care. From this schematic they decided to focus on the initial workup and development of the plan of care, using a set of 10 best-practice indicators:
- Neuro-Oncology should be notified of all patients with a brain mass
- Patients should be seen by Neuro-Oncology as an inpatient
- Standard post-op orders should be used
- All post-op patients should receive steroids
- All post-op patients should receive a prophylactic antiepileptic
- Patients should be seen by a social worker within two weeks of diagnosis
- All patients should have appointments for followup appointments scheduled at the time of discharge
- All cases should be presented at the Neuro-Oncology tumor board
- Presentation of cases to the Neuro-Oncology tumor board should occur with two weeks of diagnosis
- Patient should be seen by Radiation Oncology within two weeks of diagnosis
Changing the Processes and Measuring the Results
A series of changes have contributed to the overall gains seen by the team. To ensure that Neuro-Oncology is notified of all patients, brain tumor codes were added to scheduling sheets to trigger e-mails to the Neuro-Oncology team notifying them of a diagnosis of a brain mass. To improve compliance with social worker visits and followup appointments, nursing developed checklists for discharge and patient education. By involving patients and families in the process, the team learned that the primary concern of discharged patients—constipation—had to be added to the discharge packet.
The group continues to work towards improving performance by developing airtight processes to ensure that every patient, every time receives care proven most effective by stringent clinical research. Their effort also includes sustaining process change and measurement. As they move forward with defining patient- and family-centered care, the quality improvement team plans next to work with patients and families to identify measurable indicators for patient-centered care.
November 10, 2011
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