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| Zhang, J. , Foster Wheeler, Reading, UK
[crude distillation]
[heat transfer]
[vacuum distillation]
Critical attention must be paid when designing the crude
distillation unit (CDU) preheat train. Many pitfalls can easily
lead to unnecessary expenditures or unsatisfactory operations.
Key design criteria include high energy efficiency, operational
flexibility and reliability. Some designers may
elect to replicate a previously proven design, without full
consideration of the feedstocks characteristics. Others
may focus on implementing designs with computer-aided tools to
generate the heat exchanger network (HEN) without sufficient
attention to the effects of heat integration on the whole plant
operation. A practical and systematic design approach can
integrate process design, control, simulation and pinch
analysis, as outlined in Fig. 1.
A major energy demand within refineries is the required heat
input for the crude feedstock upstream of the CD column
to obtain the desired flash and distillation yields. Conversely,
heat removal is needed to provide the internal refluxes and
cooling of CDU products. The main design objective of the crude
preheat train is minimizing total energy consumption
by maximizing heat recovery. However, there is more to
designing a crude preheat train than the HEN alone.
When starting the design of the preheat train, the basic
parameters, such as feedstock, product yields and product
specifications are determined but other operational
philosophies must be developed for the engineering process.
Generally, the approach for a revamp design will be different
from a new unit. The revamp project must use many of the
existing constraints as set by the present configuration and
plant equipment.
Operational considerations. The refinerys operations team may
have strong views on the preheat train configuration,
especially if it is a revamp. Redundancy for some heat
exchanger services may be necessary to allow exchanger cleaning
to maximize CDU run length. Operators may also have strong
views on CDU controls and how the unit is started up and shut
A strategy should be developed to start up the CDU and
vacuum distillation unit (VDU), and
operational needs should include:
If inter-unit heat integration will be considered, then the
shutdown schedule of all units will have to be compared and
reconciled. The design strategy should include operating
strategies so that processing operations can continue in the
event other process units are shut down. This may result in
additional equipment.
The overall philosophy for the heat integration must be
established. This could involve heat integration within the
unit or heat integration with other process units. Although
most consideration is given to intra-unit heat integration,
inter-unit heat integration is equally important for
total energy efficiency. Besides providing heat to the
liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fractionation and gas-recovery
plants, heat integration with other refinery units should also
be considered. Excess heat from cokers and fluid catalytic
crackers (FCCs) is used for steam generation. These process
units are high-level heat sources and can be considered for
preheating the crude to reduce the overall refinery fuel
consumption. However, a careful analysis of the unit shutdown
philosophy should be evaluated. This could result in additional
investment for equipment to support refinery operation during unit
shutdowns and process upsets.
The refiner will generally have a payback philosophy; it can
be in terms of simple payback or internal rates of return on
incremental investment. For revamps, the extent of heat
recovery may be limited to a predetermined overall unit cost
budget. The owner may have energy targets or expectations for
the preheat train. This could be expressed in terms of total
energy targets for the unit, temperature approaches or target
heater inlet temperatures. Usually global (whole unit) targets
are set, with local minimum temperatures preset for individual
exchangers, which may be close to any temperature pinch.
For a new design, the target product cutpoints, feed/product
rates and specifications are set during the initial simulation
and generally are derived from a linear programming study
(Fig. 2). The total heating and cooling curves
are generated from the initial simulation. These curves are
used as a basis for a high-level heat integration
At a high level, the total heating and cooling curves will
show if there is an excess or a shortfall in available heat
from the process to meet the preheating requirements of the
crude feedstock. Also, it can give an indication of the scope
for integration with other process units or facilities. The balance between heat
availability and demand depends on the crude feedstock. For
lighter crudes, more heat is recovered at lower temperatures,
and, consequently, lower preheat temperatures are usually
obtained, as shown in Fig. 3.
It is likely that a stand-alone CDU will have a shortfall in
available heat from the hot streams within the unit. If this is
the case, energy (heat) input from other units to the CDU may
be feasible, and steam may be the best medium for reboiling the
light-ends columns in the gas plant, as there will be no
available heat from the CDU. However, where the CDU is
integrated with a VDU, excess heat may be available, which can
be used for reboiling light-ends columns, generating steam or
supplying heat to other users.
The effects from the number of pumparounds (PAs) and draw
temperatures on the heater inlet temperature should be
investigated to achieve an optimum design. The target global
approach temperature is set at the initial design stage.
Fig. 4 shows the results of this analysis.
This figure shows the optimum global temperature approach for a
particular network.
Startup and shutdown scenarios should be considered at an
early stage, especially when there is heat integration between
units. For example, if the CDU and VDU are heat-integrated,
then the VDU will receive hot feed directly from the CDU. While
this is good for heat integration, it does make starting up and
shutting down the unit more difficult, especially if the timing
of these operations is not identical.
For a revamp, modeling the present operation and
bench-marking the results against operating data are necessary
before simulating the new operations. Such evaluations are
helpful in rating the existing heat exchangers and determining
if the required heat inputs and removals can be achieved by the
present configuration. If a reconfiguration is required, a
review of the heating and cooling curves can provide an
overview of the heat-recovery possibilities and present
cross-pinch heat exchange. However, the constraints within the
existing configuration may dominate setting new targets.
The pressure profile must be developed and managed in
parallel with the heat integration. The preheat train will
often have multiple pumps and many heat exchangers in
seriesthus, the operating pressure may approach the
600-lb flange rating limits in some areas. Addressing the
pressure profile ensures that the design pressures remain below
key flange rating limits. This will give substantial capital
cost savings, compared with a design that exceeds the flange
rating limits. The practical design approach establishes the
pressure profile at an early stage; the pressure profile is
continually reviewed to ensure a good design.
The pressure profile starts at the crude-feed tank. The
first decision is whether the crude is blended and supplied
from a crude-blending tank or blended inline downstream of the
storage tanks. Inline blending is often accomplished by using
low-pressure (LP) blending pumps within the tank farm (some may
be on recycle), and a crude-charge pump boosts the pressure at
the CDU unit. The crude-charge pump allows the tank to be drawn
to a lower level, because the net positive suction head
(NPSH)1 required for the LP pumps is less than that
required for higher-pressure crude-charge pumps. The discharge
pressure of the blending pumps is more than adequate to meet
the NPSH requirements at the crude-charge pump suction. Using a
crude-charge pump at the CDU battery limit has the further
advantage that operating the unit on total recirculation
becomes straightforward and simplifies startup. Fig.
5 is a typical CDU preheat train; it has three main
Preheat before the desalter. The crude must
be heated to remove bottom sediment and water by the desalter.
Often, the temperature is allowed to float within an operating
range so that the crudes viscosity permits good water
removal, while ensuring the wet crude remains below its vapor
pressure. For a revamp, it may be necessary to control the
temperature more precisely to stay within operating
constraints. In some designs, booster pumps are installed
downstream of the desalters.
Flash drum/column. Following the desalter,
further heat recovery takes place. A flash drum column may be
installed, especially for lighter crudes in which a
high-preheat temperature is achieved causing high vapor
Heater inlet. Finally, the crude is heated
up to the heater inlet temperature.
In evaluating design pressures, heat exchanger burst-tube
scenarios may also need to be considered.
At the start of the design, a rough pressure profile should
be developed for the preheat train. It is based on an estimate
of the number of exchanger services in series. This will often
give a first indication that the configuration may need to be
changed to limit the pressure drop. The pressure profile should
be updated as the heat exchanger design progresses. For
revamps, the design pressure constraints can influence where
new exchangers can be fitted into the design. For a new unit,
the startup and shutdown requirements may influence the
decision on the location of any crude booster pumps.
It is usually preferable to set the pressure upstream of the
control valve at the inlet to any preflash/prefractionator; it
should be above the bubble-point pressure. This will suppress
vaporization, improve control of the operation, reduce the risk
of fouling by salt deposition, and avoid mechanical problems
due to slug flow. However, if the pressure balance is marginal
and two-phase flow is expected due to variations in the crude
feedstock, the unit must be designed
Operating within a two-phase flow regime can provide
advantages in terms of better heat recovery and lower operating
pressure. Units have operated successfully in this manner
without excessive fouling problems, provided that the upstream
desalting operation (double- or triple-stage desalting may be
required) is operated efficiently. If a unit is designed for
two-phase operation, then it is vital to consider the whole
range of crudes to be processed by the CDU. Operation with less
vaporization than the design basis will lead to lower fluid
velocities, poorer heat-transfer coefficients and lower
The operating pressure of the preflash/prefractionator will
affect the amount of light ends being flashed directly to the
crude column and the vaporization of crude from the heater, as
well as the CDU performance. The optimum pressure should be
selected based on a parametric analysis of the effect of
pressure on the crude column overflash/distillation and the efficiency of
the heat integration.
To ensure that the flowrate to the furnace is controllable,
the operating pressure should be high enough so that no
vaporization occurs upstream of the control valves on the parallel furnace
passes. For a new design, the operating pressure should be set
to provide a margin over the bubble-point pressure and
Also, low heater-flow trips only protect against low-pass
flow and not the total loss of crude flow. With the loss of
crude pressure, vaporization upstream of the flow orifices will
occur, and any flow trips will become unreliable due to the
higher vapor velocities.
Pinch analysis is a key design tool to achieve optimum
energy efficiency. Modern software allows a HEN to be generated
automatically for defined heating and cooling streams. However,
engineering judgment is critical to ensure a practical and
robust design. Designers should never rely solely on the
automatically generated solutions. The HEN generated by the
software may represent the best energy efficiency, but it can
often lead to a design with high capital requirements and
little flexibility. A practical design demands thorough
analysis, and it requires that the designers take charge to
configure the HEN, using the software only as a support tool.
In addition, commercially available software may have
limitations in the size/complexity of system it can
accommodate. For example, while a preheat train for a CDU may
be manageable, an integrated CDU and VDU may be too complex for
the software to analyze. Key points to consider for a practical
heat exchanger network design are:
As the HEN design progresses and the PAs are allocated
against crude splits, it is necessary to re-evaluate the PA
rates. Ideally for a particular heat exchanger service, the
mass rate, M, multiplied by the specific heat, Cp,
(M x Cp) for either side should be similar in value.
Thus, the heating and cooling curves will be approximately
parallel, and the heat exchanger area will be minimized. It is
possible to optimize the PA rates and crude splits, where there
are parallel exchangers, to minimize the heat exchanger area by
adjusting these rates.
The single most important factor affecting the design of the
preheat train is the volume of each product. This is dependent
on the crudes characteristics. The optimized HEN can be
significantly different for light and heavy crudes due to the
differences in the heating and cooling curves. Some typical
crude yield variations are shown in Fig.
As the crude-to-product-price differential dominates
refinery margins, refiners try to process less-expensive
(opportunity) crudes and/or to produce more higher-value
products to improve profitability. Therefore, the CDU feedstock may be expected to vary
significantly during the refinerys lifetime. Many
refiners try and cover this variation by specifying multiple
crudes and blends in the design basis. An alternate approach
would be to allow for higher vapor pressures, design
temperature and pressures, and higher heater duties in the
design to provide more operational flexibility.
If the unit is designed for more than one crude, then
different parts of the preheat train will be designed based on
different cases. The quickest option is to specify each
individual piece of equipment for the controlling case or
design mode. This typically results in the colder end of the
preheat train being designed for the lighter crudes and the
hotter end of the preheat train for the heavier crudes. The
unit controls should be capable of compensating for the
resulting over-design, and the designer will gain an
understanding of the performance by converting the simulation
into rating mode. In rating mode, the key equipment parameters
such as heat exchanger geometries or, more simply, heat
transfer coefficient, U, times area, A,(U x
A)values are input into the simulation, and the
uncontrolled process conditionsincluding temperatures,
pressures and heat exchanger dutiesare resultant from the
specified equipment data.
Rating mode can be used to simulate the unit operation
(including over-design) for the normal operating cases, with
the exchangers in a clean, or a moderately or heavily fouled
state, or at turndown. Such simulations would allow the
controls to be tested for a range of scenarios, and may
identify that over-performance in one area results in poorer
performance in another, due to temperature pinch-out. This may
result in a need for additional bypasses or an increase in some
utility cooling duties. In some cases, the utility cooling
design duties may be set by the rating cases.
The other major use of rating simulations is to reduce the
net over-design resulting from the overlay of several design
cases. This is done by trial and error, based on assessing the
effects of the over-design from one case on the other cases. An
ideal scenario would be for the design area for each case to be
approximately the same, and with no additional area having to
be added to the utility cooling design cases. This last option
can be time-consuming and costly at the design stage, but could
give significant CAPEX benefits. HP
The author acknowledges the assistance provided by her
Foster Wheeler colleagues: Christopher M. Jones, Group Manager
Process Technology; Bernard M. Hagger, Chief
Engineer Refining; and Philip G. Marden,
Principal Consultant Process Engineer in the preparation of
this article.
1 The NPSH is the difference in meters (or feet)
of fluid between the absolute pressure at the pump suction,
taking into account the tank level minus the pressure drop in
the suction pipe and the vapor pressure of the fluid.
All comments are subject to editorial review.
All fields are compulsory.
kindly contact me on discussion of technical reports in crude oil refinery and other troubleshooting in process refinery.....on above email id..
Victor Tailer
Excellent article. It may be necessary to calculate the payout to include gross overhead in the preheat train when rundown products and PA's mai not be enough to reached a prehet train outlet temperature. Do you know who is the licensor of HEN software and b) there are any other software to calculate the preheat train?
The article summarizes properly the main variables that process design engineers should take into account during design of a new preheating train for CDU. it should be done integration both, design and operational experience. We execute something similar in a new design, evaluating the heat integration between CDU / VDU and deep conversion unit. As the author recommends, we used the software only as a tool, while the HEN was modified manually based on a trade-off between operational philosophies and energy efficiency. Further evaluations were done based on startup, turndown, shutdown and emergency cases, then, the final HEN, with the additional connections and over design for some specific services, used for alternative cases, were proposed.
Great article. A simple system (Crude preheating) yet complex with many factors to consider. Honestly, I have not consider the effects of start-up and shutdown activities in my previous design. Many thanks.
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text:
Bolshoi performance of Balanchine's "Jewels", 2012
Posted 18 September 2012 - 05:47 AM
Posted 18 September 2012 - 01:00 PM
They may well have been taken out by Balanchine; he was known to revise and recast his choreography. However, as in his cutting of Apollo, this was not always a good thing; fortunately, the Balanchine stagers usually allow any version which was 'legitimately done', particularly the original version--unless the Trust has now become even more rigidly self-important, which is always a possibility. The double saut de basques were NOT part of the choreography for the second ballerina; Marie-Jeanne and Moira Shearer, who both danced the ballerina role brilliantly according to Balanchine, both recall them in addition to Tallchief specifically mentioning them.
Re: BALLET IMPERIAL and double-saut de basque - i believe these were taken out by Balanchine himself when he revised the choreography as TCHAIKOVSKY PIANO CONCERTO NO. 2, the 'doubles' were in a different place (where i believe the fouette turns now come) from where the singles are today, tho' ABT chose to use the former BALLET IMPERIAL title, the Trust no doubt insisted on the latest, the TPC2, version of the choreography, where the doubles were not in place. also, perhaps Tallchief misremembered where the famous/infamous doubles were once were set. in any case they were part of the choreography for the secondary female lead, not the lead.
Posted 18 September 2012 - 01:06 PM
In addition, so far as I know, ABT still does 'Ballet Imperial' (as do MCB and PNB) which is by no stretch the same ballet as TPC#2, and it ain't just the lack of sets and costumes.
Therefore, Tallchief was probably staging that ballet, which did have the double saut de basques; many companies seem to prefer Ballet Imperial.
pherank, if you view the video of Western Symphony which has just been mentioned elsewhere in this same section of Ballet Talk, you see that schmaltz and goo were by no means always 'show biz', and that Balanchine's dancers in the Fifties had joie de vivre, brilliant technique, candor--and no goo. Re Kirkland complaining about Theme--I believe this was because she was so extremely hard on herself, and because she was one of the few ballerinas I've ever seen perform the entire ballet with brilliance and overwhelming beauty. Her performance with Baryshnikov can still be seen now and then on YouTube. it is breathtaking.
Posted 18 September 2012 - 01:26 PM
don't know where my mind was but it wasn't 'on the mark.'
my comments were not meant to judge or prefer a particular version of BALLET IMPERIAL/TCHAIKOVSKY PIANO CONCERTO NO. 2, only to wonder if the reason the double s-d-b steps were not set was that the version being staged for ABT was the later one.
re: Tallchief, i'm don't have in front of me ABT's full credits, but i don't think she was responsible for the ballet's staging pverall at ABT, but rather, perhaps, that she was brought in for coaching and/or commentary once it was set by another Trust stager, before it was first presented by the company.
as Peter Boal quoted Balanchine's saying about his cutting of APOLLO at the recent PNB sessions at the Guggenheim's Works & Process: It's my ballet and i can do what i want to it.
whatever the Trust decides to do these days is likely based on its view of Balanchine's wishes.
one can prefer/argue which 'version' is the most effective, etc. but if the stager is sent to mount version X there's not much point missing details of version Y.
if mem. serves - and it's clear the service hasn't been very good lately in my case - the double s-d-b were recalled at the Balanchine's interpreter's archive session led by Marie Jeanne, who was rivetting even if/when she couldn't precisely rem. details, all this for a tape, which, alas, i don't think ever got finished for lack of enough material to edit (Taras was also on hand to to work w/ Marie Jeanne).
bottom line? i think ABT dances the TPC#2 version of Balanchine's choreography under the original title of BALLET IMPERIAL.
i think MCB does similarly, w/ TPC#2's costume scheme, that is chiffon shifts where tutus once were worn, as well - but again this is an assumption on my part. MCB regulars would know for certain.
Posted 18 September 2012 - 01:34 PM
i think ABT dances the TPC#2 version of Balanchine's choreography under the original title of BALLET IMPERIAL.
i think MCB does similarly, w/ TPC#2's costume scheme, that is chiffon shifts where tutus once were worn, as well - but again this is an assumption on my part. MCB regulars would know for certain.
You're right, rg. I never saw either version before coming to Miami, but the work here is presented with the chiffon costumes and under the "Ballet Imperial" title.
Posted 18 September 2012 - 02:00 PM
Note that my comment was only on Kirkland's general attitude about Balanchine and his ballets (coming from her own statements), not her artistic/physical abilities. I've seen the "T & V" video myself (many times), and it's a great performance, indeed.
Re Kirkland complaining about Theme--I believe this was because she was so extremely hard on herself, and because she was one of the few ballerinas I've ever seen perform the entire ballet with brilliance and overwhelming beauty. Her performance with Baryshnikov can still be seen now and then on YouTube. it is breathtaking.
"...The backlash focused in great part on Balanchine, who was, of course, not present to defend himself, and one of its loudest voices was that of Gelsey Kirkland, a former New York City Ballet dancer...Her bitterness about Balanchine I found most curious.
Balanchine recognized her talent. He promoted her, choreographed for her, and encouraged her in every way, as he had many dancers over the years. But for her own reasons she obviously didn't want to accept the opportunities he offered her, and she seemed to resent him for it. Balanchine functioned on a plateau that, clearly, wasn't for everybody, but to abandon the challenge of Balanchine for an approach to dancing that seemed more like an act of defiance than an act of love and respect for one's craft was something I could not comprehend." --Suzanne Farrell
Posted 18 September 2012 - 02:09 PM
I know this is off topic, but regarding these Wikipedia statements:
They may well have been taken out by Balanchine; he was known to revise and recast his choreography. However, as in his cutting of Apollo, this was not always a good thing; fortunately, the Balanchine stagers usually allow any version which was 'legitimately done', particularly the original version--unless the Trust has now become even more rigidly self-important, which is always a possibility.
["Balanchine staged Apollon Musagete for the Royal Danish Ballet in 1931. Following his move to the United States two years later, the work was performed by his American Ballet in 1937 with Lew Christensen in the title rôle and subsequently becoming a feature of Balanchine's New York company and of many other companies the world over. In 1978 Balanchine made major changes to the piece, discarding the ballet's prologue which depicts Apollo's birth.
For a revival with Mikhail Baryshnikov as Apollo in 1979, he also omitted Apollo's first variation and rechoreographed the ending of the ballet. This revision saw the piece concluding not with Apollo's ascent to Mount Parnassus but rather with the earlier memorable tableau of the muses posing in ascending arabesques beside Apollo. In the 1980 staging for the New York City Ballet, Apollo's first variation was restored. Suzanne Farrell restored the birth scene for her company in 2001, as did Arthur Mitchell for his Dance Theatre of Harlem performance at Symphony Space's Wall to Wall Balanchine in conjunction with City Ballet's Balanchine centennial."]
Does anyone know if the Royal Danish Ballet stages the 1931 version of Apollo today?
(And note that if Farrell can "restore" the birth scene, then it is possible to get the Balanchine Trust to approve potentially any version of a Balanchine ballet. There would of course have to be proof that it could be done accurately and "respectfully".)
Posted 18 September 2012 - 06:15 PM
Does anyone know if the Royal Danish Ballet stages the 1931 version of Apollo today?
[more OT]
My sense from reading historical reviews is that there are not two versions of Apollo but many versions over the years. According to a London reviewer, the 1928 version had a scene where Apollo is balanced on the feet of the muses. Alexandra Danivola (1986) says "Today it's a different ballet... . What I danced was lighter, smaller, quicker. I did fifth, arabesque, fifth, arabesque – nobody does that anymore."
The birth scene was reportedly modified after Balanchine saw a dancer do some Martha Graham warm-up exercises which he included – so the current original is not the same as the '28 or '31 originals.
Apollo seems to have changed tone again when it was revived alongside the premiere of Agon, after which it was taken (and danced?) far more seriously.
NYT 1943 Stravinsky Leads his Apollo -
The work was first produced in Balanchine's version in 1928 and it bears strong impress of that period of artiness and affectation... It is "moderne" in the late Diaghileff manner
NYT 1961 The New Apollo -
As Mr. Ludlow plays him, Apollo is essentially the half divine lad whose birth by a human mother we have just witnessed, and the line of his progress toward godhood develops with winning transparency before our eyes. Indeed it has never before been so clear that this is the "plot" of the ballet.
Posted 24 September 2012 - 08:55 AM
But of course if it's the chiffon costumes (ugh) it is NOT, in fact, 'Ballet Imperial'--without the column, the uniforms, the tutus, and *especially* without the mime, it is just TPC #2.
Great ballet as well; completely wrong nomenclature, and extremely misleading to the audience.
Yes, certainly steps change, and of course Balanchine himself changed steps for dancers (when Farrell had a bad knee, he removed the jetes in Terpsichore's role, to cite only one well known instance); this is different from dancers saying 'I don't want to do those steps; they're too hard....', and from changing the intention and affect of the ballet, as everyone agrees has happened with Barocco, Donizetti, TPC, and many other ballets. In the Balanchine Celebration twenty years ago (!) beautiful, intricate, virtuoso steps were omitted by the truckload from beautiful, intricate, virtuoso ballets like Glinka and Minkus Pas de Trois. This is not something the Balanchine Trust needs to encourage, to say the least. pherank is quite correct in saying that if a previous KNOWN version can be *correctly* restored, it can always be used. The gorgeous birth scene from Apollo, the omission of which is one of the genius Balanchine's few egregious mistakes (William Weslow is quoted in print as saying that Balanchine cut the birth scene, as he put Baryshnikov in a horrid coverup costume in Prodigal, so that Baryshnikov would *not* create a sensation in that scene. sigh. ) and something not explained away by a flippant remark like 'it's my ballet', LOL. Even Farrell protested when he cut it, as she says in her memoir.
Posted 24 September 2012 - 10:31 AM
and something not explained away by a flippant remark like 'it's my ballet', LOL. Even Farrell protested when he cut it, as she says in her memoir.
According to D'Amboise, Balanchine says "Like Van Gogh – cut off his own ear," both justifying it and chalking it up to madness.
And yes it's the eliminated steps without something else as telling or witty added. It's like Gore Vidal's example of the classic American cake recipe that every year or so has one expensive ingredient left out.
Mozart Divertimento #15 now (perhaps it always did) seems too long - this was a criticism in London of San Francisco Ballet performance - in part because the slow movement is not delivered with the gravity and deep seriousness - and sense of its oddness - that it needs, and the contrasting light parts don't have quite the type of witty delivery you see in film clips of ballets such as Pas de Dix, or in the recent Miami Paris video of Square Dance.
Posted 24 September 2012 - 01:48 PM
as to whether or not the Balanchine Trust should trust its designated stagers to set other, earlier versions of a ballet's past incarnations, that's an administrative decision it makes for its own reasons.
again, i don't think Tallchief staged the BALLET IMPERIAL that ABT most recently mounted w/ Ter-Arutunian's 'tutu' and set designs, i suspect she was recalling how once BALLET IMPERIAL included a different choreographic text for the finale.
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Back to School: 10 Tips for a Smooth Start
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May be we can add a button to ask a previously asked question again to bring it to the top. May be some one else will be able to find it this time and anser. And it will be nice if a rule is put like a question can be "re-asked" only once in a week or so and a total of 5 times or so.. What you think?
What is meta?
- Any Stack Exchange user can ask a question
- The community provides support, votes on ideas, and reports bugs
- Your voice helps shape the way Stack Exchange operates
We definitely won't be doing that.
Here's what I recommend:
The downside of a "bump" button:
By having this be a simple, one-click deal, it becomes very easy for people to essentially keep their questions on the active list, without any real activity going on with them. This creates a vicious circle where many questions are competing for the active attention, as armies of us code monkeys are sitting there clicking the "bump" button over and over like hamsters in a lab experiment. I wish I could see the situation where that wouldn't happen, but let's be honest -- a lot of people want their question to receive a lot of attention, and if even only 1% of SO's user base did this, madness and chaos would still ensue.
Yeah, I have no faith in fellow humans.
How will this be beneficial to the community? It will lead to questions being reposted as exact duplicates, which will either be closed very quickly by the community (wasting the time of those who look at the question to answer it, then realise that it is a dupe), or the answers will be spread out too much rather than being collated in one place.
Instead, draw people's attention to your current question. There they will see answers already provided, which may give them a starting point (e.g. this kind of worked, this didn't work, etc.). For more information on how to draw attention to the post, see the link that Jeff and random have provided (How to get attention for your old unanswered questions).


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Carrying your bow properly by PSE's Al Quackenbush
By Al Quackenbush
One thing I take note of is how people care for their gear and I try to learn from it. No one is perfect and I love it when I can get extra life out of my gear. I am sure that this of you who watch bow hunting shows on television have seen this. A bow hunter walking down a trail or skirting a ridge while carrying his bow by the string. Even I have been guilty of it on more than one occasion. Did you know that you can throw off the way your bow shoot because of that?
Imagine that you are running a ridge in pursuit of a giant mule deer buck. You have spent an entire year practicing, getting in shape, and focusing your efforts into this one moment. Your bow is bouncing up and down as you cradle it by the string. As you crest the ridge, the buck is turned away from you, so you draw and settle in. Only now, your peeps is off enough where you can't see the pins. You twist and turn it as the buck turns, spots your movement, and bounds off. Your hearts sinks. Frustration gets the better of you and you sit down in disgust. What happened?
Most people wouldn't be able to tell you right away what happened. I only recently learned why this happens because I have a good friend, Eddy, who knows bow strings very well and he busted me carrying my single cam bow by the string. What was I doing wrong? I had seen so many others doing it. The information I received was invaluable. I was carrying my single cam PSE Bow Madness by the string when Eddy shared with me how the constant bouncing up and down of the bow which I walked could cause the string to rotate on the single cam bows. This would cause peep rotation and throw off all the work I had invested in sighting in my bow. After all that I had done to prepare for my Colorado elk hunt, I didn't want my peep rotating at the worst possible moment! I am very thankful he pointed that out!
Carrying my bow buy the string, over time, could also cause it to stretch prematurely, especially when hunting in the hot California weather. I certainly didn't want that happening as like every bow hunter, I want to get the maximum life out of my bow string that I can. I also don't want it to happen to you!
For those that have to hike in a long way and are carrying their bows in their hands, I know how difficult it can be to find a comfortable way to carry it. My recommendation is to not only practice shooting the bow, but practice different ways of carrying it as well. This will help you on those days when a bow hunt leads to long walks and where you want your archery gear at peak performance.
Albert Quackenbush has been bowhunting for more than 29 years. He shares his adventures on his blog, www.SoCalBowhunter.com and also writes for Bow Adventures e-magazine. He is a PSE Staff Blogger and a Pro Staff member for Piranha Custom Bowstrings and Field Logic. He is a member of the National Wild Turkey Federation, Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, California Deer Association, and is a Life Member of the North American Hunting Club.
Albert was born and raised in New York State where he learned to hunt everything from squirrels to whitetail deer. He lives in Southern California with his wife and daughter and hunts year round.
To learn more about PSE's top quality bows and bowhunting accessories, click here.
Consistent Practice by PSE's Dustin Jones
By Dustin Jones
Here in Idaho it gets more and more difficult to practice during the winter months due to the snow and the cold. I practice outside so when it starts getting snowy and cold it makes it harder to get out and shoot. Sure there are a few places around that have indoor shooting areas but the longest shot is about 25 yards and I have to pay. While this is great for practice sake, I like to shoot longer distances to make the shorter ones easier and I like to shoot for free. But all in all it is best to practice between the seasons.
Consistency is what every bowhunter wants to achieve. Many people think that it is just simple to pick up a bow and shoot bull's eye after bull's eye. While there are some that can do this; I for one need constant practice. I don't consider myself a professional by no means so there is always room for improvement.
One of the most common ways to improve your accuracy is eliminating your bow toque. As you are shooting and you notice your arrows are consistent up and down but off left and right, you are experiencing some bow torque. The main reason that causes bow torque is your grip and PSE's Emily Anderson wrote a great article on Loosening Your Grip.
I actually have been trying to focus on this as well for my own form. I did find a useful tool that actually helps you attain the proper grip. I used the True Shot Coach and it helped tighten my groups. Like I mentioned I don't consider myself to be a professional but I felt confident in shooting my bow. I did notice that I had the occasional stray arrow that would be off to the left or right. This meant that I had some bow torque that I needed to correct and this actually helped.
The key is to practice and strive to find ways to improve. I am out there as often as I can, hauling my target out through the snow and braving the freezing temperatures just to get a few rounds in when I can. So make sure you get out and keep practicing because the 2013 season is slowly approaching!
Dustin Jones is a passionate outdoorsman who loves to hunt, especially bowhunt. He created his blog, HighCountryBowhunter.com, to share his experiences with others. He is a Field Staff member for DIYbowhunter.com and Adventure Team member for MINOX Hunting Optics.
Dustin was born and raised in Eastern Idaho where he currently resides with his wife and two sons.
Keep your eye out for the #elktour DVD over on huntography.com! Watch PSE's Emily Anderson and Dustin Jones hunt elk DIY style on our amazing public lands in the Western United States. Huntography also films a deer hunting DVD called #deertour which you will be able to watch PSE's Will Jenkins hunt whitetails. Huntography…filming America's hunters, one at a time!
To learn more about PSE's top quality bows and bowhunting accessories, click here.
Spot Shooting with PSE's Jared Bloomgren
By Jared Bloomgren
With the bow seasons 2012 fading away and spring seasons of 2013 just around the corner, many of us are left with the anxious feeling of what to do next!? For many this causes some extreme anxiety as well! The past seasons are always engrained in our minds and 2013 seasons will be here before we know it. This applies even more to those that do not hunt during the spring time. Now is not the time to let your shooting fall to the back seat! There is never a time for that for the serious archer…..
The past seasons are slowly fading away and leaving those important memories and lessons burned into our minds forever; we are left with the "off season blues." Now is the time to freshen up a few of our skills while patiently waiting for the next season. Many people hang their equipment up and leave it alone until just before the next season. However, this is when it is a good time to sharpen up on your shooting skills. It will pay off in the future seasons to come.
I find it very comical when someone comes up to me and when asked how the shooting has been going I get a reply along the lines of, "I only pull the bow out to shoot it just before season to make sure it is still on." The customer is always right, right? Well not in this case, I just smile and say that I disagree with their thinking 100%. Generally they are very receptive and listen to what I have to say and why I feel that way. So what is there to do during the off season I am often asked?
This may include some 3-D shooting, league shooting, outdoor ranges, or getting together with some friends in the back yard and flinging a few arrows while telling hunting stories. Although 3-D shooting is hard to beat, if you don't have the time to get away and commit to these events like I do, there are other options. Something I enjoy doing during the off-season is what I like to call "spot shooting." Others may know this as "stump shooting." There is no set schedule, just whenever you can get away.
Now I know when I say "spot shooting" most instantly think about punching paper at a spots league from 20 yards or something similar. But not this guy! Nope…..think of shooting that will challenge you with various scenarios and shot situations. Various stance and positions, standing and sitting. Listen up!
This is something I have been doing for quite some time now and it helps me out a great deal. I got this idea when I was younger. I would go hiking or go for walks in the outdoors looking for sheds or scouting for future seasons. I got to thinking, "Why don't I carry my bow with me and shoot at different spots while I was out?" This has helped me a great deal with range judgment. (Keep in mind this should only be done away from people in secluded and/or designated areas.)
You are offered with many different shooting scenarios in changing terrain and conditions. Simply pick out a dark patch of grass, a cow pie (preferably dried up), mounds of dirt, or anything you can find to shoot at that won't ruin your arrow! The possibilities are endless! Also just an FYI, rocks are not a good choice for obvious reasons. But it never fails that I usually end up finding the rock that I am not looking for from time to time.
But no matter what you decide, one does come across patches of rocks that are unseen by the eye. Trust me, you will go through a few arrows but if you pick your spots wisely it will keep broken and/or bent arrows to a minimum.
I have found carbons to be more forgiving for this type of shooting for obvious reasons. Aluminum tends to bend pretty easy as we all know because it retains memory. The nice thing about carbon arrows is: if they are not broke they are usually good to go. I flex check my arrows often to avoid downfalls. I also tip my carbons with 100-grain Zwickey judo points or some style of rubber blunt. This will keep your arrows from skipping into the next county. The judo tip usually makes it quite easy to find your arrow after the shot. The tip does not allow the arrow to completely bury itself under grass or dirt. But don't get me wrong; the judo tip does not make your arrow invincible to loss. I have plenty lying around out there as well as many busted arrows to prove this. Despite the loss of arrows, I feel this hobby has helped me out a great deal with range judgment and depth perception as well as different shooting positions and elevations.
I will also use my broadheads every chance I get as well. There is nothing like using your hunting set-up year round to perk your confidence in your ability and equipment. There are also rabbits and squirrels that you may run across while hiking, scouting, or shed hunting that all taste pretty good! Prairie dog towns are also another fun place to practice hitting small targets at extended ranges! They don't taste near as good as a rabbit though!
So even if you shoot league, go to 3-D shoots, or fling arrows in the backyard, and/or you just simply want to try something different to put a bit of a spin on your shooting, try "spot shooting," it just may be something the "off-season blues" called for…below are a few things I do.
When I go on a family hike or with friends you will see me toting my bow along. It is a great way to sharpen up my skills and keep on my A game. I like to think of my bow as an extension of me. I often times get weird looks from others on hiking trails but if they are bowhunters they often think, "Why didn't I think of that?"
It is also fun to get together with a few buddies and go for a long hike. Each person takes turns picking out what they want to shoot at along the way. Usually the one who makes the least effective shot goes and retrieves everyone's arrows in an attempt to redeem themselves on the next shot. I also like to carry a pack with weight in it to help learn the best ways to shoot with a pack on and the additional weight and how to maintain your form and balance. The various shot scenarios will help you determine how to keep the correct form when shooting angled shots. It is a fun way to add a little competition all while increasing your effectiveness.
Another thing I like to do while out is to push myself in order to get my heart rate racing and my breathing going full force. Quickly look around and pick something to shoot at and take the shot while huffing and puffing. This helps me to control my breathing while completing that shot. There have been numerous times that this has happened while hunting. Knowing how to shoot under these conditions can reap big rewards for you in a future hunt.
So this spring I will be out shed hunting, this summer I will be out scouting, I will be hiking, getting myself in shape, fixing fence, etc….the options are endless, but you will find me with my bow right there with me as I sharpen up on my shooting. Will you?!
Jared "J-Rod" Bloomgren is a hardcore Do-It-Yourself bowhunter who strives to better himself each year in the outdoor community. As a professional hunter, freelance writer and photographer, he likes to relive his outdoor adventures through written expression and photography making the reader feel as if they were along on the hunt. He attributes much of his success to the vital education he has learned from the various big game animals that he hunts. He is quoted as saying, "In each and every hunt, success or defeat, I learn something from every outing and that I can put in my arsenal of knowledge to use at a later date, a later date that will again put my wits against that of my prey."
To learn more about PSE's top quality bows and bowhunting accessories, click here.
Deer Wrapped in a Blanket by PSE's Emily Anderson
By Emily Anderson
While the wind taunted snowflakes all around outside today, covering the ground in furled blankets of snow, it was a different story inside my house. A wonderful smell waffled from my oven. The battle raged outside, as snow attempted to pile along the fence line, only to be whipped up again in the blizzard's breath, seemingly begging to come inside and melt away with each beating against my windows. The beast laughed as it played with the snow, watching each snowflake eventually succumb to the fury of the wind, and I smiled as I had no reason to leave the house today. Venison was being neatly tucked in blankets of ham, rows of venison wrapped ham rolls prepared to bake in the oven and make mouths water.
Not long after the smell of venison ham blanket mixture began to waffle from the oven, my husband wandered into the kitchen. "What is that great smell?" He asked.
I thought I'd share this great recipe so you too can make mouths water, and lure family members in around the dinner table. They are also great to prepare ahead of time, and bring along camping! Just freeze individually to set each ham roll, then place in a large freezer storage bag. Thaw, top with glaze and cook slowly on a grill or wrap in tin foil over a fire.
Here's my twist on Pig's in a Blanket – venison style!
Venison Wrapped Ham Rolls – AKA "Deer Wrapped in a Blanket"
- 1 1/2 pounds ground venison
- 1 cup evaporated milk
- 1/2 cup crumpled whole wheat bread
- 1/3 cup chopped onions
- 1 tsp salt
- Dash of pepper
- Sliced ham 1/8 inch thickness*
- Whole cloves
Mix the first 6 ingredients together in a large bowl, and place several spoonfuls on each piece of ham. Be careful to not overstuff! Fold the ham over the venison mixture and trim securely with cloves. Place in a shallow pan and top with glaze.
*Hint: Have your ham freshly sliced at the deli counter, and request the slicer to be set at 2 1/2 thickness.
- 1/2 cup brown sugar
- 3 Tbs melted butter
- 1 tsp prepared mustard
To prepare glaze, mix the above ingredients over medium heat until butter is melted and a thick mixture forms. Spoon the desired amount over each venison ham roll, reserving some to baste at the end.
Bake at 350 degrees for 45 minutes. Remove cloves and enjoy!
Emily Anderson's hunting journey began shortly after she got married. She enjoys the passions for the outdoors, hunting and fishing as a team with her husband. She established www.FromTheDraw.com as a way to share her stories as a female hunter. Emily lives in Colorado which allows her to hunt elk each September in the Rocky Mountains. She is now a PSE Staff Blogger and will be posting daily about her experiences and views on archery and hunting.
Keep your eye out for the #elktour DVD over on huntography.com! Watch PSE's Emily Anderson and Dustin Jones hunt elk DIY style on our amazing public lands in the Western United States. Huntography also films a deer hunting DVD called #deertour which you will be able to watch PSE's Will Jenkins hunt whitetails. Huntography…filming America's hunters, one at a time!
To learn more about PSE's top quality bows and bowhunting accessories, click here.
How I Cope With the Offseason by PSE's Dustin Jones
By Dustin Jones
There is that moment that comes around every year that every hunter dreads, the last day of the season. You dread the fact that you no longer are able to get out and enjoy the thrill of the hunt. When the sun finally sets on that day you come home, kick off your boots, and think about the long wait that you are going to have until the next season. You ponder about the close encounters, missed opportunities, and start planning on how you can change to seal the deal next season. That is if you had a season like mine. If you were successful you think about the things you did right and why the worked. But even if you were successful there is always room for improvement.
During the off season there are several things that I do to keep honing my skills. One of my favorites is to hunt coyotes. This is not only a great way to keep hunting but it also helps the deer population. Now hunting coyotes is a challenge with a rifle, so being successful with a bow is even more of a challenge. A challenge which I have yet to accomplish so far but definitely something I have been shooting for.
Throughout the hunting season I have seen several pictures of coyotes and foxes all along the same trail that the deer frequently use. This is why I continue to hunt in my same general area for deer, but now I change the game of thinking and hunt fox and coyotes. I still set out trail cameras because I am able to get pictures of some predators and still get to keep an eye on the deer that continue through the same pathway.
I still do hunt them from a tree stand but I also enjoy hunting predators from the ground in a ground blind. This is just because during the colder months while the deer season is closed, I can keep warmer sitting in a ground blind than in my tree stand. Also I have been busted way too many times by predators sitting in a tree stand so I have decided to try more ground blind hunting for predators.
All I know is that my EVO and I are itching to send an arrow through a large coyote or fox during this downtime. This helps me cope with the break of the big game hunting season. I am still hunting and honing my skills, but it is a completely different animal and a new challenge. So get out there and keep shooting.
Dustin Jones is a passionate outdoorsman who loves to hunt, especially bowhunt. He created his blog, HighCountryBowhunter.com, to share his experiences with others. He is a Field Staff member for DIYbowhunter.com and Adventure Team member for MINOX Hunting Optics.
Dustin was born and raised in Eastern Idaho where he currently resides with his wife and two sons.
Keep your eye out for the #elktour DVD over on huntography.com! Watch PSE's Emily Anderson and Dustin Jones hunt elk DIY style on our amazing public lands in the Western United States. Huntography also films a deer hunting DVD called #deertour which you will be able to watch PSE's Will Jenkins hunt whitetails. Huntography…filming America's hunters, one at a time!
To learn more about PSE's top quality bows and bowhunting accessories, click here.
Maximum "Effective" Shooting Distance by PSE's Jared Bloomgren
By Jared Bloomgren
This is another one of those touchy subjects with many. It often turns into "I can shoot farther than you" conversation that turns to arguments at times. Even worse when you start throwing in the talk about animal distances!
This is what it comes down to and it is as simple as this. Your maximum effective shooting distance is that distance in which you are comfortable and can consistently put your arrows in a group one after another repeatedly. For some this is 40 yards and for others it may be 90. Keep in mind this is not shooting at live targets during hunting conditions per say!!
"So what do you need to do to increase your maximum effective range?" It all comes down to one word…….PRACTICE! And then more practice, practice, and practice! Try not to use an excuse that it is too hot or cold out, it is too windy, it is too wet, it is raining, etc…you get the picture. Sure there has to be limits but by shooting in as many adverse weather conditions as you can will also increase your shooting capability and confidence. Having confidence in your shooting and your equipment is very important and this can only be gained by shooting as often as possible.
When I first started shooting over 25+ years ago I started shooting at 10 yards and over time my range increased to 20, 30, 40, 50, etc…As I became more confident in my equipment and myself I began to stretch that distance to 110, 120, etc…Granted this didn't happen overnight or over a year or two. I am still brushing up on my shooting today and I feel as if I can never be as good of a archer as I want to be!
A practice that I like to do at times is shoot an arrow at my target and run to that target, grab my arrow and run back immediately picking up my bow and shooting another arrow. Sometimes I do this while shooting up or down a hill as well to mimic the effects of being short of breathe as if I had to get up a hill quick to make a shot. As I get better I start to move the target farther away.
I am to the point today that I usually practice at ranges greater than 80 yards. This makes those 50 yard shots feel like chip shots and those 30 yard shots a slam dunk! So what is my maximum effective shooting range? Right now I would say that it is 120 yards but can stretch that out to 140 yards but I lose a bit of confidence after 120 yards. I can assure you that I will continue to improve on that! Remember, this is while target shooting.
Another thing that makes this type of shooting possible is by having a flat shooting, fast performing bow. That makes the Omen Pro and Max my favorite bows to date because of their raw performance. The shorter brace height has never been an issue for me either. Having great form makes these longer shots possible and longer shooting will actually improve your form. Why? Because a minor flaw in form at 30 yards may mean a 2" change in point of impact. A minor flaw in form at 100 yards can mean a foot or more! Longer shots force you to improve and keep your form consistent. Longer shots compound minor flaws in form and this makes you become a better shot and archer. Shooting from various positions is also important. Standing (even and uneven ground), sitting in various positions, with various types of clothing, different angles, etc…again, you get the point. Mimic as many various shooting positions and situations you can.
Now to what everyone is wondering. You wouldn't dare shoot at an animal at 120 yards would you?! Well that all depends…..More than likely not but I will shoot at and kill animals at longer yardages than most archers would even think about shooting. Again, why? Because of my practice that I have done and the confidence I have in myself and my gear! 120 yards is not a shot I have ever done and do not plan to because I like the challenge of getting in close as I can for a shot! With that being said the animal's behavior, body position, and weather conditions do come into play for each shot. An animal that has no idea I am there and is completely relaxed will allow a farther shot than an animal that is alert and nervous. Every condition has its place and many do not have a place for a shot at all. Keep in mind that I will never loosen an arrow on an animal that I know will not make a good clean ethical kill shot! We should all have that same belief in our mind at all times.
The greatest archer of all is the one who knows his limitations.
Only you can answer what your maximum shooting range is. It will depend directly on your level of confidence and capability directly related to practice and the shooting you make yourself take part in. Maximum shooting distance on a live animal in a hunting situation takes on many variables that also, only you can decide on.
So what are you waiting for?! Get out there and practice and brush up on your skills! I challenge you to start practicing at longer distances. You will be happy you did! It will increase your maximum shooting range guaranteed!
Jared "J-Rod" Bloomgren is a hardcore Do-It-Yourself bowhunter who strives to better himself each year in the outdoor community. As a professional hunter, freelance writer and photographer, he likes to relive his outdoor adventures through written expression and photography making the reader feel as if they were along on the hunt. He attributes much of his success to the vital education he has learned from the various big game animals that he hunts. He is quoted as saying, "In each and every hunt, success or defeat, I learn something from every outing and that I can put in my arsenal of knowledge to use at a later date, a later date that will again put my wits against that of my prey."
To learn more about PSE's top quality bows and bowhunting accessories, click here.
Hunting Close to Home by PSE's Emily Anderson
By Emily Anderson
Hunting on land close to home is advantageous for many reasons. While it may not be as glamorous as planning that back-country trip in the mountains with a nonresident tag in your pocket, it does provide a consistent hunt opportunity year after year. It often is the backup hunt we can pull out of our pocket when other plans fall through. Sometimes it is even the hunt holding our attention throughout the year since we may be driving by this land on our many trips to and from the office, taking inventory of animals in our 'backyard' honey-hole.
What is interesting to me is that these faithful, routine, or 'backup' hunts occurring each year will naturally vary depending on where you live. It is all a matter of perspective. One hunt someone consistently goes on year after year because it is a residential tag and a matter of convenience, may be considered a hunt of a lifetime for someone else several states away. E.g., An alligator hunt may be a bucket list hunt for someone living in the North, a whitetail hunt may mean an out of state tag for a Westerner, and then an antelope or a Mule deer hunt may be a big deal for someone on the East Coast. To some these are dream hunts. To others where the animals are close to home, they are the hunts relied on year after year. For me? It's antelope. I put in for several tags each year that would trump my antelope tag if I got lucky and drew my first choice, but one thing is for sure… I have an antelope tag in my back pocket. It is the backup plan.
Once opening day rolls around mid-August, it isn't uncommon for me to have a spare change of clothes in my car – the kind that blend naturally into the prairie land that antelope call home. Binoculars ride shotgun in the passenger seat, always within arms reach to take inventory of what is roaming the prairie land. My husband and I, along with our good friend, Allen, share permission to hunt a couple ranches near home. My phone often rings as I'm on the way home and I receive a report from my husband or Allen on a buck they saw on a specific section of the ranch. Conversations usually start out like… "Did you see that one up by the windmill?" or "There's a bachelor herd over by the back ravine" and "They've been making their way to the North water hole late afternoon."
I can remember a couple summers ago when I was driving home from the office and my phone rang. My bow was in the back seat and a thought was lingering in the back of my mind on whether I would have time for a quick hunt on the way home. Maybe one of the guys had an update for me. When I picked up the phone, I could hear the excitement in his voice and I knew Allen had more than just a regular update. It was good news! Buck down. I immediately turned my truck in the direction of the dirt road that led to the ranch. There was an antelope on the ground and I had to share in the excitement.
Paying attention to where the bucks were feeding, watering and grazing all summer long had payed off. Allen faithfully watched the habits of these bucks and had a feeling that as he eyed the bachelor herd graze over a section of the ranch on his way home one evening, that they would make their way down a ravine and over to the next watering hole. He decided to go for it. There was enough time to grab his bow and quickly make his way to the other side of the ravine to a natural blind in the brush. Just as he arrived, the bucks popped up over the ravine and Allen arrowed his biggest antelope yet!
One of the best parts – since it was close to home, we all had the opportunity to share in the excitement. I'm sure that I forgot to change out of my work clothes and may have even laid down in a cow-pie-laden ground to get just the right picture angle. It was worth it.
If you are fortunate to have a section of land to hunt near your home, it is worth the effort to pay attention to the movement of the animals. Take the time to study their habits. You won't be sorry when it is time to pull out that faithful 'backup' tag in your pocket and chase after that animal you've been waiting to hunt all year long.
Emily Anderson's hunting journey began shortly after she got married. She enjoys the passions for the outdoors, hunting and fishing as a team with her husband. She established www.FromTheDraw.com as a way to share her stories as a female hunter. Emily lives in Colorado which allows her to hunt elk each September in the Rocky Mountains. She is now a PSE Staff Blogger and will be posting daily about her experiences and views on archery and hunting.
Keep your eye out for the #elktour DVD over on huntography.com! Watch PSE's Emily Anderson and Dustin Jones hunt elk DIY style on our amazing public lands in the Western United States. Huntography also films a deer hunting DVD called #deertour which you will be able to watch PSE's Will Jenkins hunt whitetails. Huntography…filming America's hunters, one at a time!
To learn more about PSE's top quality bows and bowhunting accessories, click here.
PSE's Todd Carter on How to Hunt Trophy Bucks
By John E. Phillips
Editor's Note: Todd Carter of Oldham County, Kentucky, manages about 7,500 acres for wildlife and has one 800-acre farm he manages intensively. He's been a PSE pro for the last 3 years and shoots the PSE Evo. He's also on the Mossy Oak Pro Staff.
Day 1: Todd Carter Talks about Taking the Black Widow Buck
I was hunting a 4-1/2-year-old buck named the Black Widow that eventually scored 188-7/8-points on Boone & Crockett. We had been watching this buck on trail cameras for about 2 years and found his scrapes on top of an oak ridge. We didn't usually put our stands up until the day we planned to take a buck. On this particular day, we hung our stands at noon. I got in my stand at 4:00 pm. At 5:30, we saw this buck coming toward us from only 40-yards away. I waited until he got within 10-yards before I brought my PSE Evo to full draw. I was using a two-blade Rage Broadhead, and I had a good solid back wall. When the pin sight rested behind the deer's front shoulder, I released the arrow. When the buck took the arrow, he did a mule kick and ran back the way from where he'd come. We waited for a good while, before we went after him. When we climbed down out of the tree, we located a really-good blood trail and went 100 yards before we found him.
I believe the secret to taking trophy bucks is living with them. I'm on my land looking at the deer and the other wildlife on these properties about 360 days in the year. I've learned after a buck sheds his velvet, he'll probably set-up his home range. So, when you find a deer like this, you not only have to learn where that deer is living, you have to find markers that tell you where that deer likes to be. We had found this deer's scrapes and rubs and knew he was using this area. When we put-up our tree stands, we got about 18-feet off the ground. I believe in the first-strike strategy for taking these older bucks. If these bucks realize they are being hunted, especially older-age-class bucks, they're much harder to take. We want to introduce as little human odor as possible into an area. I like to get high in the tree, so one piece of equipment I always have with me is a Gorilla Safety Harness. No one intentionally falls out of a tree. Tree stand accidents occur when you least expect them and when you're least prepared to deal with the fall. So, I always wear a harness.
Day 2: PSE's Todd Carter and the Buck Old 22
We had 3 years of trail-camera pictures of the buck Old 22. This buck was 5-years old, and during the early part of the season, our trail cameras revealed he already had been shot by another bowhunter and had an arrow sticking out of his back. We know no one on our property had shot this deer, so we assumed a hunter on the neighboring property had done it. To be honest, we thought Old 22 was dead, after we got the pictures of the arrow in his back. We didn't get any-more pictures of him and didn't sight him when we were scouting. I was really surprised when I finally saw Old 22 again, since it was the first time anyone had spotted him, because he'd stopped appearing on the trail cameras.
On this particular day, I was near a water hole and spotted him at about 45 yards, headed toward the water. Old 22 had 12- or 13-inch tines, but his rack was really narrow. I could tell he had lost weight and wasn't very healthy. Apparently the shaft of the arrow had broken off. I let him come in about 20-yards from my tree stand and released my arrow from my PSE Evo. I was shooting a G5 broadhead. He only ran about 40-yards before he went down. We watched him fall. He scored 180-3/8-points. We really wanted to take this deer, because we didn't want him to die of his previous wounds. We know if we don't get a good hit on a buck, we can't assume that buck is dead until we find him. Old 22 had carried his arrow for a long time. No one likes to shoot a deer and not recover it, especially a trophy buck like Old 22, but it happens. So, anytime you see a wounded animal, take him if you possibly can, especially a really-fine buck like Old 22.
Day 3: PSE's Todd Carter Tells about Taking Minivan – a 300-Pound Buck
We called this buck Minivan, because he was a really-big buck, well-over 300 pounds live weight. He was big and blocky and resembled a minivan. Minivan was 6-years old, and we'd tried to take him a few years earlier. He just didn't look like he ever would have a quality rack. His rack had a lot of stickers on it and a lot of mass. The year before, he'd only had about a 120-inch rack. He had a few drop tines on the right side of his rack, but wasn't an impressive deer. We'd labeled him as a management buck and planned to shoot him to get him off the property. I agreed to take this buck, even though I wasn't expecting him to be very big or have good antlers. There were several-other trophy bucks on the property the landowner and his friends wanted to take themselves. Another buck living in the same area was a 4-year-old 10-point that scored 160 points. We didn't want 6-year-old Minivan to run the 4-year-old off the property. We intensively manage the deer on the property where I hunt, and we know we can't stockpile mature bucks in our area. To grow a trophy buck, he needs to be able to hold in his home area without being challenged by another big buck.
Minivan always had lived close to a road. I knew Minivan was living in a certain thicket, and when he came out of this thicket, he would go eat some native grass and then move to a pond below where he'd been bedding. I set-up my stand, so when the buck came out of the thicket on the way to the native grass, I'd be able to get a shot with my PSE Evo. Sure enough, he moved out of the thicket and came down the trail 15-yards from me. When I released the arrow, he took off running. He went about 70 yards and fell over in native grass. When we recovered him, we found he scored 168 points.
Day 4: PSE's Todd Carter – the Hammer Buck
Hammer was a deer we'd been watching for 3 years that traveled to other properties too. We all had agreed to let him pass, until he got to be an older-age-class buck. The first year, we got good trail-camera pictures of him. He was 2-1/2- to 3-years old and scored 130 or more Boone & Crockett. The next year we had trail-camera pictures of him he was a 12-point, and his rack looked bigger. We found his sheds, which scored about 157 B&C. The next year he was scoring 178 B&C, so we decided to put him on the hit list. Hammer was in a thick-cover bedding area and was going toward water. On the farms I manage, there isn't much water, so we try to take the bucks in-between the bedding area and the ponds where they water. This way we don't disturb the bedding area or the watering sites. This buck had developed a scrape and a rub line out of the thicket, going toward the water. I took this buck at 15 yards with my PSE Evo by hitting him right behind the shoulder. He ran about 150 yards.
Once again, I believe the secret for consistently taking trophy bucks is to know what bucks you have on your property, watch them over an extended time using trail cameras and make sure they have enough food. This way they can reach their maximum potential. If you keep up with your property's doe numbers and keep bucks from competing with better bucks, you won't have dispersal (deer leaving your property). The final element to taking a trophy buck like this one is once you gather all the information you can about him, don't hunt him until all the wind and the weather conditions are right and are stacked in your favor.
You can't have trophy bucks on your property, if you don't fulfill all the management requirements to produce them. We plant Mossy Oak BioLogic year-round to ensure there's plenty of food for the deer on the property. We keep our doe numbers in check. Once we identify a buck we feel has trophy potential, we learn all we can about that buck. We allow him to live long enough to produce the body weight and antler development that we want him to have. If you're patient and let that buck become a 5- or a 6-year-old, you not only have produced a trophy buck. At that point, you also will know where to put your stand and at about what time the buck should appear. If you set-up your stand within 20 yards or less of where the deer will be, and if you're shooting a fast, flat-shooting bow like the PSE Evo, you can expect to harvest trophy bucks regularly.
Day 5: PSE's Todd Carter Believes in Using Bowhunting as a Deer Management Tool
We manage our property for all types of wildlife. We have plenty of food and cover and very-little hunting pressure. On the 800 acres, we have about 80 does and manage them as intensively as we do our bucks. We know we have some does that consistently produce buck fawn twins. We have others that are producing three buck fawns per year. You can't guarantee that a doe will produce just buck fawns or just doe fawns. But if you keep up with your does and watch the types of fawns they drop, you'll see some have a tendency to produce bucks. You'll also see some does consistently produce two or three fawns.
For our management programs, these does are just as important as the older-age-class bucks on the land. The top-producing does are on the Do Not Hit list. We only take the does that are older and have stopped having fawns, or the does that generally produce only one fawn. Most biologists recommend you try to carry two does for each buck you have on the property, but I prefer to have four does for every buck. I go against accepted wisdom on deer management because the worst thing you can do is grow a buck up to trophy size, and then have him be harvested by one of your neighbors. If there are more does that are ready to breed on an adjacent property, your bucks will leave and go where the ladies are. I've found if I have four does for every buck, I can keep more of the big bucks on our property, even during the rut.
I'm often asked how I'm able to manage my does and identify the ones that are dropping the most buck fawns. The answer is quite simple. Does have a home range, just like bucks do. If you photograph and observe your does after deer season ends when they are dropping fawns, as the fawns mature, you can keep-up with which does are the most-productive in the herd. I want to watch them through at least one or two breeding seasons and be able to identify each of the does on the property. I live on the farm I manage, and one of those groups of does comes and feeds at my house. I can watch those does interact and can record their personalities. For instance, I've been observing one doe for the last 3 years, and I know for certain that she's produced three buck fawns. This doe is 5- to 6-years old, stays within 100 acres and is definitely off-limits for harvest. In the winter, I get camera pictures of her in the Mossy Oak BioLogic Winter Bulbs & Sugar Beets plots. She follows the food.
I've taken 15 does with my PSE Evo in the last year. One of the reasons I like to hunt does with my PSE bow is the arrow doesn't make any noise. Guns going off and hunters moving around puts pressure on the deer herd and can cause dispersal of your trophy bucks. So, we prefer to bowhunt on this 800 acres. The hunters can go right to the stand we've put-up on the day we want to harvest that trophy buck. When they take that trophy buck with a bow, there's no noise to spook all the other deer on the property. We can load-up the buck and the hunter and get out of the woods without spooking the other bucks. It's not to your advantage to do an intensive-management program to produce trophy bucks and then put so much hunting pressure on those bucks that you run them off your property.
For more information on hunting deer, get John E. Phillips' new eBook "Bowhunting Deer: The Secrets of the PSE Pros." Too, you can go to www.amazon.com/kindle-ebooks, type in the name of the book and download it to your Kindle and/or download a Kindle app for your iPad, SmartPhone or computer.
To learn more about PSE's top quality bows and bowhunting accessories, click here.
The Cure for Post Season Withdrawl by PSE's Al Quackenbush
By Al Quackenbush
February is typically a month where we feel deprived of hunting. There is a void in our lives as not too many are out actually hunting, but more so just thinking about it and how they can't wait for deer season to roll back around. Even for me it can be a tough time of year to get out, but with turkey season rapidly approaching getting into the woods to scout is key to success. A major plus is that while scouting areas for turkey in California you can also hunt coyotes or hogs year round so bring your bow and arrows when you scout, too!
Practicing should be a year round activity. Just because the snow is falling or there isn't any hunting season open doesn't mean you should hang up your bow for the next few months. Stay sharp year-round by practicing year-round. I am fortunate to have good weather and an outdoor archery range open throughout the year. This year I plan on also setting up a small target in my garage to allow me to shoot a few arrows every day just to keep my body fluid.
Bring a friend out scouting and introduce them to the wild! Another good way to get people interested is to take some of that hard earned venison and whip up a nice meal. Have some friends over for a venison feast, swap stories and share the wealth. You would be surprised at how many guys want to go hunting after tasting some steroid-free meat!
Bring a GPS…and be sure you are up to date with the current versions of software. Land may have changed hands, public land become private or vice versa. By bringing a GPS into the field you can mark different areas to review in the comfort of your home and give you exact locations for when you head back out to hunt.
Two more items that are a must when I scout are my binoculars and my camera. A good pair of binoculars like my 10x42s are great for scouting because they are powerful and I don't mind the extra weight when it comes to optics. I want good quality, power and reliability (just like my compound bow). I also bring a camera along to document areas, things I find on the ground, and any animals I might see. It's also a great way to document your trip to show your hunting buddies or your family.
So, if you get out there to do some early pre-season scouting or are fortunate enough to get some hunting in share your experiences and photos on the PSE Facebook page. We would all love to participate in your progress, excitement and all around success!
Albert Quackenbush has been bowhunting for more than 29 years. He shares his adventures on his blog, www.SoCalBowhunter.com and also writes for Bow Adventures e-magazine. He is a PSE Staff Blogger and a Pro Staff member for Piranha Custom Bowstrings and Field Logic. He is a member of the National Wild Turkey Federation, Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, California Deer Association, and is a Life Member of the North American Hunting Club.
Albert was born and raised in New York State where he learned to hunt everything from squirrels to whitetail deer. He lives in Southern California with his wife and daughter and hunts year round.
To learn more about PSE's top quality bows and bowhunting accessories, click here.


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Mila Kunis, The Other Black Swan Star, Covers Nylon
- Mila Kunis, who's also in that movie about the ballet dancers or whatever, is Nylon's covergirl. "It's always trippy to walk into a room and be confronted with a life-size cardboard image of yourself," she joked at the party. [WWD]


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The [drama] Tag
The [drama] tag can be added to the subject line of an email to mark threads which have become dramatic. Anyone can add the tag by replying and adding [drama] to the end of the original subject. The body of that email should explain that the tag has been added but should not comment on the content of the thread. Future posters are asked to keep the tag when they reply to the thread, and failing to do so may be seen as inconsiderate.
Reasons to use [drama]
- It allows people to create message filters based on the tag (I turn them purple)
- It's optional and decentralized
- It doesn't censor a thread, just tags it.
- It is a gentle reminder to people that they are being dramatic on the internet
- It's a meme, and memes should be spread
How to recognize a dramatic email thread
- Someone is unhappy about something other people have done
- Claims are made that others agree with the author, sometimes listing those people (building alliances)
- The issue that sparked the dramatic email does not initially concern most of recipients, or even most the people who reply.
- Emails are much longer than needed, make a case instead of stating facts.
- Stilted use of language
- Some poor fool has intentionally invoked Godwin's law.
- Someone is explaining to someone else how the world really works.
- An apology is demanded.
- Someone is saying they don't see what all the fuss is about.
A history of Noisebridge-discuss epic threads
The one about putting stuff in the 'DJ Booth/server room'
Somebody wanted to put some of their stuff in the DJ booth. Some other people complained. Yet other people called those people over controlling. The door to the room was covered over with drywall, and now you need a ladder to climb in through the window.
That one about someone accidentally offending a trans person
Someone who was trans complained that they felt disrespected. Another person claimed it was unintentional. Everyone said they like trans people just fine, and some people said it was a dumb thing to be arguing about. At some point someone wrote "nice story bro" without realizing they were addressing a trans woman. It did not go over well.
That one about moving the couch on top of the dark room
November 2009 Somebody put a sofa on top of the dark room as it was still under construction. Someone else took it down. Someone put it back up again, with screws. Someone wrote an email complaining. The sofa is no longer on top of the dark room (at this writing)
That one about getting wifi from monkeybrains
November 2009 Someone paid monkeybrains to install a fast wireless internet connection. Someone else thought that it might hurt the effort to install a fiber connection. Lots of people had opinions about how the world works.


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Exposing Connected Home Services to the Internet via Windows Home Server
- Posted: Oct 29, 2008 at 9:33AM
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I have enjoyed watching home server heros in action, Thank you for the best presentation I have ever watch. Keep up the good work.
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I would like to know simply, if anyone is making money on Stack Overflow, how are they doing it?
I'm not asking if people should be making money on the site or whether or not it's okay—that has been covered already —I'm asking about ways that have made people money.
The most obvious is building a reputation and being offered a job thanks to that reputation. This is common in the open-source world (and in other areas as well), especially if you work on a project of particular commercial interest.
Again, I do not want to debate whether or not it's okay or right or just or whatever to make money on any of these sites. I fully agree making this site "commercial" with paid questions, answerer ads, etc. would turn it into a dump. I also understand the vast majority of people contribute as a service to the community. I think that's wonderful and I appreciate that sort of commitment very much.
An answer of "they don't" is fully acceptable. I'd also be curious if there are any other answers.


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Robert J. "Bob" Parker, 76, of Hamburg, formerly Omaha, died Jan. 8, 2013 at his home. Bob was born on May 15, 1936 in Brookings, S.D., to John F. and Dorothy L. (Jones) Parker.
He graduated from the former Tech High School in Omaha. He married Joan Bennett on May 25, 1957 in Clearfield, Iowa, and they had five children. The couple was later divorced. He married Sandy Conyers and they later divorced as well.
Over the years, Bob worked at various jobs including construction and truck driving. He also owned and operated a gas station in Omaha for many years.
He is survived by his five children: Carolyn Malmquist and husband Ron, Bill Parker and Larry Parker, all of Omaha, Karen Zuhlke and husband Ross of Sterling and Sharon Parker and her lifetime partner Frank Gardner of Council Bluffs; nine grandchildren; six great-grandchildren; former wives: Joan Parker and Sandy Parker, both of Omaha; other family and friends.
He was preceded by sister June Marie Oknewski.
Funeral services are at 2 p.m. on Sunday, Jan. 13, at Gude Mortuary in Nebraska City with Rev. Sara Malone officiating. Graveside interment services will be at 1 p.m. on Monday, Jan. 14, at the Greenwood Cemetery in Brookings, S.D.
The family will greet friends from 1-3 p.m. on Sunday at Gude Mortuary.
Memorials are suggested to the family in lieu of flowers.
Location, ST | website.com


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Shade Tech 10'x10' Instant Canopy for $60 + free shipping
coupon code: 5OFFGOFER
Use code 5OFFGOFER
Shade Tech 10' X 10' Instant Canopy comes fully assembled, no special tools required
Shades an area of 100 square feet
Center height is 8 feet, 9 inches
Offers a perimeter clearance of 6 feet, 8 inches
Straight legs provide maximum shade
Includes wheeled carry bag for easy portability
3 Comments add a comment
link price is $64.99
a lot of poor reviews too
I had one like this before. Not sure on the actual brand. They might be made by the same people in china with just different labels.
They work great if you're super careful, and put it up very slowly. These things can break really easily.
I think the more expensive ones are worth the extra cost
Link now at $129.00


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Website User Agreement
Copyright ©2009 Beaufort County Library
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Tax Help @ the Bluffton Branch Library offered through AARP Tax Aide & VITA Tax Aide.
AARP: Every Wednesday from 1:00pm-7:00pm (Runs February 7th through April 10th). Free, no appointments. Customers served on a first-come, first-served basis.
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I struggle to get crispy skin when pan frying fillets. What's the secret?
You need a hot pan. Use either clarified butter or an oil that can withstand high temperatures without burning. The oil should be quite hot but not at smoking point otherwise the fish closest to the skin will be overcooked and the skin will be charred as well as crispy.
The pan shouldn't be quite as hot when it comes time to cook the fish skin-up.
A good tip is not to move the fish around too much in the pan. Just leave it in place until it should be about ready to turn (You can gently lift a corner of the fish to check but just don't shake it around in the pan very much).
Do not crowd too many pieces of fish if you are frying little pieces. The pan and oil have to be VERY hot. Do not shake the pan.
The thing that gives you a crispy skin is lightly dredging the fillets in seasoned flour. Shake off any excess. I use half regular butter and half olive oil, and add the fillets when the water in the butter has boiled off but before the butter has browned much.
Flip the fillets only once.
As mentioned, don't crowd the pan, as you need any water to escape so that the fish grills, rather than steams.
When done, put the fillets on a plate, then deglaze the pan with butter and lemon juice to make a nice sauce for the fish. You can also add slivered almonds and/or capers.
But the flour is what takes care of the browning/crispiness and it works every time.
The secret I learnt somewhere and can attest from experience to work, is to dry out the skin. Dry the skin with a paper towel. Sprinkle a decent amount of salt on the skin and let it sit for a little while. Dry off the water that was drawn out and wipe off the excess salt. Now proceed to place the fish skin down in preheated oil and let it cook until it's done on that side and ready to be flipped. It should come out very easily, and the skin will still be attached to the flesh.
Start with the fish being nearer to room temperature, rather than straight out of the fridge.
Dry Skin, hot pan, fry skin side down for atleast 2/3 of the cooking time, press the skin onto the pan at the start.
How I would do it:


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If Tumor Marker Is Higher, Does That Mean I Have More Cancer?
Last Modified: January 24, 2012
If my tumor marker number is higher than another patient's, does that mean I have more cancer in me?
Carolyn Vachani, RN, MSN, AOCN, OncoLink Nurse Educator, responds:
Not at all- these results are specific to each patient and should only be compared to your own previous results, taking into consideration your condition, treatments and other test results. For instance, after surgery for prostate cancer that removes the prostate, the PSA level is typically zero (because there is no prostate tissue remaining to produce the marker). However, if the patient was treated with radiation, there will still be PSA present because there is still prostate tissue in the body, but this does not mean that one treatment was less effective than the other.
Learn more about tumor markers: http://www.oncolink.org/treatment/article.cfm?c=17&s=136&id=296
This question and answer was part of the OncoLink Brown Bag Chat Series. View the entire Interpreting Test Results transcript.
KeywordsClick on any of these terms for more related articles
February 29th is Rare Disease Dayby Christina Bach, MSW, LCSW, OSW-C
February 26, 2016
3 Great Reasons To Have Gratitude On Your Cancer Teamby Marlys Johnson
July 25, 2016


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Anyone know how to calm down a teenager that's currently smashing his way through my reserve team in training?
He's a regen, his aggression is 19, I've had him for a month and he's crocked 4 players in training so far!
Is this a coincidence or has anyone else had this problem? If so is there a way to fix it because he's a really good prospect (shelled out nearly 10 million for him!).


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New Orleans Pelicans vs Utah JazzWed, November 20, 2013 - 7:00 PMSmoothie King Center in New Orleans, LA
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