text:
I need to boot from a USB drive installation of Ubuntu 10.10 to do some maintenance on an older machine, and I don't feel like waiting for five minutes for the
gnome to log me in. Is there a boot option that I can specify that will allow me to boot straight into
You can install to your usb the server edition iso without the graphical interface so you boot straight into console.
From the normal ubuntu desktop booting iso in the begging you have 3 secs when you are show the icos keyboard and human. If you press any button you can execute commands on bottom to pass parameters.
At the first textual menu, where you can choose to start ubuntu, check the disk or boot from first hard drive, press F6 for option, then ESC to dismiss the option menu. You should see the boot options line, ending with two dashes.
Before the dashes, after
After some errors, you should reach a shell prompt.
I have never booted directly off of a usb chip, but it sounds like the same kind of thing as booting off a CD. At one point, there was a menu when you first start the cd with different options such as:
This is still there, but you have to put in some input first. When you see the purple screen with the keyboard and accessibility icons, press an arrow key on your keyboard. This should give you that menu. Choose "boot from first hard disk" and you now boot from the HDD without removing the flash drive.
Hope this helps, your question was a bit confusing.


text:
WHEELING - West Virginia Senate President Jeff Kessler believes past state leaders squandered a golden opportunity to build wealth for future generations when the coal industry was at its height - and he doesn't want to let a second chance offered by the natural gas boom slip away.
On Wednesday, he will lead a bipartisan group of 18 state lawmakers to meet with officials in North Dakota, a state that's invested a portion of its oil and natural gas severance tax revenue over the last two years in a "Legacy Fund" that now holds more than $1.3 billion. The group plans to return Thursday evening or Friday morning.
Kessler said there are other success stories, as well. Alaska's Permanent Fund, he pointed out, has done so well the state mails dividend checks to every man, woman and child who has lived in the state at least a year - with annual payouts averaging about $1,160 per person between 2009-12.
Article Photos
ENERGY AT WORK — West Virginia lawmakers will leave Charleston Wednesday and fly to Bismarck, N.D., where they will sit in with that state's Legislature on Thursday for a day of meetings on North Dakota's Legacy Fund. -- Staff photo
But legislation creating a similar program for the Mountain State, the "West Virginia Future Fund," has failed to pass out of committee each of the three times Kessler has sponsored it since 2011. He hopes this week's trip will change that.
"I think that it should build not only enthusiasm for the (Future Fund), but understanding that it's not pie-in-the-sky, 'pollyanna' discussion," Kessler said of the North Dakota trip. "It's been implemented."
The list of lawmakers - 14 Democrats and four Republicans - expected to make the trip includes three Northern Panhandle representatives: Kessler, Sen. Rocky Fitzsimmons, D-Wheeling, and Delegate Phil Diserio, D-Brooke.
Fact Box
Bob Beach, D-Monongalia
Rocky Fitzsimmons, D-Ohio
Senate President Jeff Kessler, D-Marshall
Senate Majority Whip Bill Laird, D-Fayette
Ron Miller, D-Greenbrier
Bob Plymale, D-Wayne
Dave Sypolt, R-Preston
Greg Tucker, D-Nicholas
Bob Williams, D-Taylor
House of Delegates
Jason Barrett, D-Berkeley
Phil Diserio, D-Brooke
Nancy Peoples Guthrie, D-Kanawha
Bill Hamilton, R-Upshur
Richard Iaquinta, D-Harrison
Mike Manypenny, D-Taylor
Eric Nelson, R-Kanawha
Ron Walters, R-Kanawha
Adam Young, D-Nicholas
The roster also includes Senate Majority Whip Bill Laird, D-Oak Hill, and several committee chairs from both chambers, each of which will send nine members.
Kessler said a few industry leaders, including Corky DeMarco, executive director of the West Virginia Oil and Natural Gas Association, and representatives from Dominion Resources and Williams Partners - two of the key players in Marcellus Shale development in West Virginia - also are expected to tag along.
"We've got a nice cross-section," Kessler said.
The group will leave Charleston on two or three separate flights to Bismarck, N.D., following the conclusion of interim committee meetings Wednesday afternoon, Kessler said. They will stay in a hotel overnight in preparation for a full day of meetings and presentations Thursday, and return home that night or Friday morning, depending on the availability of flights.
Morning sessions will begin at 9 a.m. Thursday and include discussions with North Dakota legislative leaders on natural gas and oil development in their state; the constitutional amendment by which North Dakota established its Legacy Fund; and oversight measures enacted to ensure the fund is providing the benefits promised to voters. The West Virginia delegation also will hear from industry leaders on fracking and the industry's impact on infrastructure before breaking for lunch.
Afternoon activities include a presentation on North Dakota's Oil and Gas Impact Grant program, through which the state allocated $240 million this year to benefit communities most impacted by the rapid development of the oil and shale gas industry. There will be additional discussion about the legislative process to establish a legacy fund and a tour of the Senate and House chambers at the North Dakota State Capitol before departing around 4 p.m.
Kessler estimated the trip will cost $18,000 to $20,000, or roughly $1,000 per person - an expense he believes is well worth it.
He predicts severance tax revenue will skyrocket once companies develop the infrastructure necessary to get natural gas to market. With one company, Williams Partners, spending $4.5 billion - more than the state's entire general fund budget for this year - on processing facilities in Marshall County alone, Kessler sees boundless opportunity.
"Right now, they're just building the facilities. ... Once the plants ... and (pipelines) are in place, you're going to see it grow exponentially," he predicted.
The most recent version of Kessler's plan would have set a benchmark for natural gas severance tax revenue based on recent yearly collections, and directed 25 percent of any revenue received beyond that benchmark to the Future Fund in subsequent years. It also expressed an intent to wait at least 20 years before dipping into the fund for any reason.
Those details are negotiable, he said. But whatever form the plan takes, he believes it's imperative West Virginia chart a different course than it did with coal.
"Whatever we got, we spent that year," Kessler said, adding that many of the state's top coal-producing counties are "some of the most distressed counties today. ... I want to avoid that happening again."
Not all of Kessler's fellow legislative leaders agree with that approach. House of Delegates Minority Leader Tim Armstead, R-Kanawha, said any increase in natural gas severance tax revenue may be needed to cover a projected $300 million budget gap as early as the 2015 fiscal year.
But Kessler believes the state can establish a Future Fund and still balance its budget without tax increases, at least in the short term.
"The real difference legislators can make is in the policy choices - in how they spend the money," he said.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
We bought a home a few months ago, and the electrical panel (and subpanel) are completely unlabelled. We have no way, short of flipping breakers, to know what breaker powers which fixtures. Is there a better way to map a home's electrical system so that I can label the breakers?
I use a circuit finder, like this:
It requires a little finesse, but not too much.
When we first bought our current home, I made a careful map of every light switch, every outlet. I simply shut off each breaker in turn, then went around with a test plug. Any outlet or switch that was now dead, I marked on my hand-drawn map of each room in the house, noting the number of the breaker it ran through. This map is frequently handy. Whenever I need to do any electrical work, I simply pull out the appropriate page of my map. It cost me only an hour or so to do, and was well worth the time invested.
I have seen, for those who want a faster solution, inexpensive tools to trace a circuit back to the relevant circuit breaker. I tried one some years ago, and it did not work terribly well. Perhaps they have improved since.


text:
Can anybody please give me an example of a binary operation under which N forms a group? More generally, how to find some operations to make possibly any set a group?
closed as off topic by Ryan Budney, Dan Petersen, Qiaochu Yuan, Steven Landsburg, Yemon Choi Apr 10 '12 at 7:08
Questions on MathOverflow are expected to relate to research level mathematics within the scope defined by the community. Consider editing the question or leaving comments for improvement if you believe the question can be reworded to fit within the scope. Read more about reopening questions here.If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
As explained by Arturo, a simple example of a group structure on N is the operation a ⊕ b = f-1(f(a) + f(b)) where f:N→Z is defined by f(2n) = n and f(2n+1) = -n.
The statement that any nonempty set admits a group structure is equivalent to the Axiom of Choice! This is explained in this answer.
Perform the usual addition of natural numbers in decimal representation, but let's forget about carrying the extra digit in the next column. So e.g. 356+75=321 and 123+987=0 . Note: This is very particular, as it is linked to base 10; but makes the example very concrete and quick. The poster asked for an example, and in my view, for an example, simplicity is prior to generality.
A useful one is the "nim sum".
There are groups of any size (except $0$): for finite ones, you can always take the cyclic groups. For infinite ones, to get a group of cardinality $\kappa\geq\aleph_0$, just take the direct sum of $\kappa$ copies of $\mathbb{Z}$. Given a set $S$ of cardinality $\lambda$ (finite or infinite), pick a bijection $f$ from $S$ to a group $G$ of cardinality $\lambda$, and define the operation on $S$ by $a*b = f^{-1}(f(a)f(b))$.
So far, all the answers have taken the following form: you just biject N with some countably infinite group. But what if one regarded that as "cheating" and asked for a truly "natural" group operation on N? So far, I think Pietro Majer's answer comes closest, since his bijection with an infinite product of cyclic groups of order 10 is fairly natural (at least in the sense of "familiar"). But can one do any better than this?
Here is an attempt to argue that there is no 100% natural group structure on N. (I don't claim that this is surprising.)
First, we need to choose an identity element. The identity element is a privileged element of the group, so for the choice to be natural it should be a privileged element of N. The only privileged element of N is 1 (for me the natural numbers start at 1) so we are forced to choose that. Now let's consider the following question: what is the inverse of 2? I think there are two possible natural answers, namely 2 itself and 3. (One is the smallest element you can choose, and the other is the smallest element that is not equal to 2.) If we choose 2 and continue, then perhaps we'll end up with the binary version of PM's answer (except that everything would be shifted by 1 because of my insistence on making 1 the smallest natural number -- perhaps that was silly). So perhaps, contrary to my original intention, that is an argument that PM's answer is (apart from taking base 10) the most natural thing one can do, and not too unnatural.
If we go for 3, then there doesn't seem to be any natural choice for the order of 2 other than infinity. So then we need to keep powers of 2 away from powers of 3. The natural way of doing that looks like actually using the multiplicative structure of N. But then we get into trouble later, since 2*3 will be 1, so our treatment of 6 becomes a bit arbitrary. Or at least, I think it does. An implicit question here: is there some optimally natural way of putting a group structure on N in such a way that every element has infinite order? Perhaps the bijection-with-Z answer is the best one can do.


text: Here is a little character face that is colorful and sweet even though its a mean or grumpy looking face. Here is "how to draw Grumpy Hello Kitty", step by step. This Hello Kitty version is going to be easy to tackle and fun to recreate. I have drawn a lot of versions of Hello Kitty and this is another addition to the mix. Like always you will have an easy task at hand so enjoy.


text:
The late and well-respected tour guide Martin McCrossan smiled for the camera. For locals and visitors to the Walled City of Derry-Londonderry, his face was very familiar. Beside him, though, was an even more familiar face: actor Will Ferrell
Will Ferrell felt it; UK singer Susan Boyle felt it; the Governor of the Bank of England and Irish comedian Tommy Tiernan felt it, too.
For any visitor to Derry-Londonderry, there's a historic presence. To understand what it's all about, it was always best to ask Martin.
"The walls of Derry-Londonderry are one of the most unique sets of walls on the island of Ireland. They're one mile and an eighth around and, amazingly, they've never been breached since they were completed.
"You won't get building like that these days!"
To find the original builders of the walls, you'd have to jog back quite a while into the past – 2013 will mark their 400th anniversary. If the walls could talk...
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"Walking the walls you feel a real sense of history," said Martin. "You can let your mind wander and imagine what it must have been like all that time ago. Opposing armies were brutally besieging the city and people were starving to death to protect their homes."
Protect it they did, and considering the condition of the walls today, they did a fine job. There was help, though. It came in the shape of stocky little cannons, dappled around the mile or so of the walls. They're picturesque now, but 400 years ago, when they were used, they would have been more fearsome.
It isn't just the cannons that add interest to a walk along the walls, there are also the "gates", which were named for very practical reasons. There are four main gates into the city: Shipquay Gate, Bishops Gate, Ferryquay Gate and Butcher's Gate. Mark Lusby, project coordinator with the City Walls Heritage Project, is passionate about the history of the walls, and the gates' origins in particular. Their names are a portal into a difference slice of history, each with fascinating stories.
Take Butchers Gate: "Butchers Gate is likely to have arisen from the fact that the beast market for the new City of London-Derrie was located right outside this gate, and the butchers set up their stalls right inside", explains Mark. "Interestingly the Beast Market, which was clearly shown in 1622 maps of Derry as being located just outside Butcher's Gate, stayed in that location until redevelopment in the 1960s, when the Rossvillle Flats were built on the site."
And if you thought Croagh Patrick was Ireland's foremost place of pilgrimage, you're in for a surprise. Mark Lusby again:
"Remember that the present-day public square [or Guildhall Square] just outside Ship Quay Gate was once the quay at which the 12th C medieval pilgrims from all over Ireland and Scotland landed to do the Turás Cholmcille in honour of St Columba and the quay at which the 17th C Londoners landed their materials to build the Plantation City of London-Derry, 400 years ago this year!"
Huge cannon, tales of war and starvation, saints, devout pilgrims, clandestine gates and solid chunks of history – Derry-Londonderry IS the walls.
As Martin McCrossan told us, he'd like it to stay that way: "The walls of this city are the best asset that the city has here for 400 years and hopefully for many more centuries."
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text:
Do you get your clothes hemmed or altered to fit better?
I love bargains as much as the next Wooter, but I'm beginning to realize that I'll buy something that doesn't fit quite right just because it's too great of a deal to pass up. I'll then tell myself I'll get it hemmed (it's usually with bottoms since I'm 5'0"). Out of laziness and not wanting to spend an extra $14 per item, I now have a pile of brand new clothes I haven't worn once.
Do you get your clothes altered to fit and do you factor in the cost when shopping? Or do you just spend the extra time, effort and/or money looking for clothes that fit right to begin with?
3 Answers answer
I absolutely put in the extra effort to find stuff that fits before I buy. If it doesn't fit well then I won't wear it, so it wouldn't have been a good deal at any price! I only very rarely order clothes online for this reason. I would only do it if it was something I tried in the store and I needed a different color, or if I knew the brand very well and was confident it would fit or I could return it.
I have to get my work pants hemmed, they just don't make them so that they fit me appropriately for business attire. Can't be stepping on the bottom of my pants all day. But that's the only case, I otherwise will never buy something that doesn't fit (but I'm also much more flexible with casual clothes...don't really mind rolling up my jeans).
I never bought anything that did not fit, but when I was working and clothing appearance was a priority, I did have my clothes tailored quite a few times.


text:
I am looking for sentences in the language of first order arithmetic ($0,1,+,\cdot,\leq$) which are independent from $\Pi^0_2$ consequences of true arithmetic $\Pi^0_2\text{-}\mathsf{Th}(\mathbb{N})$. I want natural statements, e.g. statements that have been studied in number theory or combinatorics for their own sake. The motivation comes from looking for true statements that are not provable in $\mathsf{I}\Delta_0(L)$ where $L$ contains arbitrary fast growing (computable) functions.
I passed this question on to Harvey Friedman, who provided the following information. Friedman has shown that the following statement is equivalent to the 2-consistency of PA:
Friedman also says that there are versions of Paris-Harrington and Kruskal's tree theorem that work. For example, "Every infinite recursive sequence of finite trees has a tree that is inf-preserving-embeddable into a later tree" is equivalent to the 2-consistency of $\Pi^1_2$ bar induction.
Friedman refers to the introduction of his forthcoming book Boolean Relation Theory and Incompleteness (downloadable from his website) for more information.
If computability counts, Turing famously showed that if M is a Turing machine equipped with an oracle for the regular halting problem, then M's own halting problem is undecidable by M. And if M2 is a machine with an oracle for M, then M2 can't decide its own halting problem, and so on. If I'm not mistaken, that can be turned into independent statements at every level of the arithmetic hierarchy. Having access to the true $\Pi_2^0$ sentences amounts to having M2. It doesn't help you with M3, etc.


text:
McCorkle- Moraniec
|Engagement, Rebecca McCorkle and Adam Moraniec
Joel McCorkle of Woodbury announces the engagement of his daughter, Rebecca McCorkle to Adam Moraniec, son of Robert and Lorraine Moraniec of Prospect.
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text:
Capital 9.3 oz Sweatpants
Product Description
CUSTOM Gildan 9.3 oz. DryBlend™ 50/50 Open-Bottom Sweatpants
- 50% cotton, 50% polyester
- DryBlend™ Wicking Performance
- Covered elastic waistband with drawcord
- Slightly tapered open legs
- Differential rise for better fit
- Jersey-lined sideseam pockets; Heat transfer label
- Double-needle stitching throughout
This is a CUSTOM item, and NOT available for immediate delivery.
Order cut-off deadline is 02/10/2014. No orders will be accepted after that deadline, and orders will take approximately 3 to 4 weeks from that date to ship.
Custom items are made to your specifications. Please make sure you choose exactly what you want, as these items are Non-Returnable, Non-Refundable and Non-Exchangeable.
Additional Information


text:
- 22 Resorts
- Consistent Snow
- Diverse destinations
- Resorts open before those of many other states
- Home to Vail, Beaver Creek, Copper Mountain
Related Regions: Sierra Nevada, Northern California, California, North America, United States, Lake Tahoe
"Spring skiing at its finest. Plenty of snow to have some fun with in this fabulous resort."
"Upper half of mountain was great today with the new snow. Although off trail was a bit crusty given recent thawing and freezing, the groomers had a nice layer of powder."
"Great mtn-i see potential for fab skiing but needs refreshment with a dose of new powder. Glades & ungroomed black diamonds not worth trying-danger in the mashed potatoes even w good coverage. Still a great Tahoe bargain compared to others. "
"Classic spring skiing. Up the hill at 9 sharp. Very icy groomers on the north side. Went down sunny Smooth Cruise and the snow was great. Over to the Glades and good skiing there too. Skied all the way down to the base at 10:30 and would rather have had a wakeboard."
"White room day Sunday. Going back today!"


text:
Courses at the 00-level
Courses Numbered 100-199Introductory and General Education courses normally taken during the freshman and sophomore years.
Courses Numbered 200-299Other lower division courses and General Education courses.
Courses Numbered 300-399Courses taken by undergraduate students who have met the prerequisite(s); not accepted for credit toward graduate degrees.
Courses Numbered 500-599Courses open to graduate students. Normally these courses require a bachelor's degree as a prerequisite. In certain circumstances, qualified undergraduate students who have earned at least 90 credit hours may be admitted, with documented consent of the instructor and the appropriate dean.
General Education Offerings
Core Three
- HIST 162: Perspectives on East Asia
- HIST 163: Perspectives on Africa
- HIST 164: Perspectives on Muslim History and Civilization
- HIST 165: Amerindian Peasants in Latin American History
Core Four
- HIST 261: Russian Identity: Between East and West
- HIST 262: Social Issues in Technology
- HIST 263: Christianity in Global Perspective
- HIST 265: Confict Resolution: Africa and the World
- HIST 266: Globalization in Historical Perspective since 1500
- HIST 267: Europe and Beyond: Historical Reminiscences
- HIST 268: Civil Rights and National Liberation Movements
- HIST 269: Jazz and Civil Rights: Freedom Sounds
- HIST 272: Globalization 15th Century to the Present
- HIST 273: Latin America and Globalization, 1492-Present
- HIST 275: Russia from Beginning to End
- HIST 101: Multiple Voices: Africa in the World
- HIST 102: Multiple Voices: Asia in the World
- HIST 103: Multiple Voices: Europe in the World to 1600
- HIST 104: Multiple Voices: Europe in the World since 1600
- HIST 105: Multiple Voices: Latin America in the World
- HIST 106: Multiple Voices: Muslim Peoples in the World
- HIST 107: Multiple Voices: The United States in the World


text:
Looking for Answers about Nike Zoom Hyperdisruptor - Men's?
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Customer Questions & Answers for
Nike Zoom Hyperdisruptor - Men's
The Nike Zoom Hyperdisruptor basketball shoe is minimal yet dynamic. It is built with an innovative one-piece upper and less rubber at the outsole for aggressive traction and an extremely lightweight feel. It's designed to move naturally with the foot to minimize distractions and help you stay focused on the game. Made with Hyperfuse, three layers of material fused together to create a seamless one-piece upper, results in zones of ventilation, durability and stability. This shoe's Hyperfuse construction is even lighter than traditional Hyperfuse with fewer synthetic skins, which are strategically placed in areas you need them most for support. In the forefoot and heel are Nike Zoom™ units to lend lightweight cushioning and a responsive ride. The herringbone pattern that grips the ground during aggressive play is tuned specifically for basketball's quick cuts and unique landing angles. Molded heel counter for lightweight support and a flexible fit. Cutouts at the outsole to reduce weight and reveal Nike Zoom cushioning. Flex grooves for enhanced flexibility and natural movement. Wt. 9.7 oz
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text:
FORT WORTH, Texas--(BUSINESS WIRE)--July 17, 2006--AMERICREDIT
CORP. (NYSE:ACF) will release its fourth quarter 2006 operating
results on Monday, August 7, 2006, after market close. A conference
call to discuss the results will begin at 5:30 p.m. ET.
The conference call will be broadcast live for all interested
parties via the Company's Web site at www.americredit.com. It is
necessary to go to the Company's Web site to register, download and
install any necessary audio software prior to the call. For those who
cannot listen to the live broadcast, a replay will be available
shortly after the call has concluded.
AmeriCredit Corp. is a leading independent automobile finance
company that provides financing solutions indirectly through auto
dealers and directly to consumers in the United States and Canada.
AmeriCredit has approximately one million customers and $12 billion in
managed auto receivables. The Company was founded in 1992 and is
headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas. For more information, visit
CONTACT: AmeriCredit Corp., Fort Worth
Investor Relations
Caitlin DeYoung, 817-302-7394
Media Relations
John Hoffmann, 817-302-7627
SOURCE: AmeriCredit Corp.


text:
June 28, 2011
Mikhail Gromov, the Jay Gould Professor of Mathematics at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, has been elected as a foreign member to the Fellowship of the Royal Society, the oldest scientific academy in continuous existence.
"Mikhail Gromov ranks among the most deeply original mathematicians of our time," the London-based Society said in announcing Gromov's election. "His remarkable insight and unorthodox viewpoints have redefined whole areas of mathematics, most notably the subject of geometric group theory."
Gromov has been recognized as a founder of the field of global symplectic geometry, an outgrowth of classical Hamiltonian mechanics, which describes the motion of particles. Symplectic geometry has application to many areas, including mathematical physics, dynamical systems, and low-dimensional topology, with the potential for discovering and understanding new conserved quantities, such as energy or momentum, that don't change as a system evolves over time.
Gromov, who also has an appointment at France's Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques, was awarded the 2009 Abel Prize in Mathematics by the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. His other distinguished international awards include the Kyoto Prize in Basic Sciences (2002), the Balzan Prize (1999), the Leroy P. Steele Prize (1997), the Lobatchewski Medal (1997), and the Wolf Prize (1993). He is also a foreign member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences as well as a member of l'Académie française de Sciences.
The Royal Society's fellows and foreign members have included Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin, Ernest Rutherford, Albert Einstein, Dorothy Hodgkin, Francis Crick, James Watson, and Stephen Hawking. There are approximately 1,500 Fellows and Foreign Members, including more than 70 Nobel Laureates.
This Article is in the following Topics:
NYUToday-feature, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Research, Sponsored Awards, Faculty, Awards
Type: Article


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China's Ministry of Environmental Protection said its pilot insurance plan is now mandatory for mining and smelting producers, lead-acid battery manufacturers, leather goods producers and chemical factories. Petrochemical companies are "encouraged to be insured," the ministry said in a statement.
By CHUIN-WEI YAP
BEIJING -- For the first time, some Chinese companies in
industries that pose serious risks to the environment are being
required to take out insurance.
China's Ministry of Environmental Protection said
recently that its pilot insurance plan is now mandatory for
mining and smelting producers, lead-acid battery manufacturers,
leather goods producers and chemical factories.
Conducted jointly with the China Insurance Regulatory
Commission, the plan provides compensation for damage caused by
accidents from environmental pollution.
Petrochemical companies and those
involved in businesses related to hazardous waste are
"encouraged to be insured," the ministry said in a statement,
without elaborating further on the rules.
The program already covers more than 2,000 companies "that
pose serious environmental risks," and has already underwritten
some 20 billion yuan ($3.2 billion) worth of risk, it said.
Businesses that undertake the program will enjoy access to
special environmental protection funds and
also priority in bank loans, it said.
Dow Jones Newswires
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maryam heydarzadeh
dear Mr/Ms , we are producer of hydrocarbon fuel ,we can produce 7000kilo tons every month, we are searching for Consumer in china , if you would like to Cooperate with us please contact us. best regards Maryam heydarzadeh
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Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
Is 2016 the peak for US gasoline demand?
Too soon to tell
July 2016


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NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- Investors had no place to hide on Thursday, as stocks and commodities cratered throughout the trading day.
All three indexes closed down more than 3%, clocking the worst percentage losses since August 18, 2011. At one point in late-afternoon trading, the Dow had plunged more than 500 points.
10-year Treasuries appeared to be among the only safe haven in the perilous global market. Investors piled into 10-year notes, which pushed the yield down to several new record lows throughout the day.
Investors also remain jittery over the fate of Europe. "There's still a lot of fear that September 2011 is going to be a lot like September 2008," said Larson, "and Greece is going to play the role of Lehman Brothers."
The Dow Jones industrial average (INDU) closed down 391 points, or 3.5%. It's down 7% in 2011. Shares of United Technologies (UTX, Fortune 500), Alcoa (AA, Fortune 500) and Caterpillar (CAT, Fortune 500) lost the most ground.
The S&P 500 (SPX) lost 37 points, or 3.2%, with only six of its components showing gains. The S&P is down 7% for the year. The Nasdaq Composite (COMP) dropped 82.5 points, or 3.3%, and more than 10% for the year.
The Dow is on track for its worst weekly performance since September 2008: It's down 6.74% over the past four days.
Still, the S&P 500 narrowly avoided closing below 1,120, a significant technical level that would have made tomorrow's opening as negative as today, said Samuel Ginzburg, a senior trader at First New York Securities. "That number is absolutely crucial in our opinion," he said.
"The only thing that goes up in a down market is correlation. This is why you're seeing energy, stocks and other commodities all drop," said Bryce James, a partner at Shield Investment Advisors, a fixed-income fund of hedge funds.


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| Coppin, D., AVEVA, Cambridge, UK
Thanks to advances in gaming technology with detailed 3D modeling, it has become practical, affordable and quick to create a navigable, hyper-real equivalent of a facility.
[process control]
[video game]
Virtual reality technology that was developed in the
entertainment world can now be applied to the process plant
industry. Thanks to advances in gaming technology, with detailed 3D
modeling at the core, it has become practical, affordable and
quick to create a fully navigable, hyper-real equivalent of a
facility, whether already operational or yet to be
Gaming, with its commercial potential, has come a long way
since the 2D platform games of the 1980s. The sector has
entered a period of democratization and diversification, with
exciting ramifications for industry.
The change is partly due to the fact that the sophisticated
graphics and complex physics engines that lend the games
realism can now run on entry-level hardware and multiple
platforms. Meanwhile, increased Internet speeds and bandwidth
have also seen massive multiplayer online games (MMOGs) explode
in numbers, with every players actions updating in real
time worldwide and with audio links to further enhance the
live-action gameplay. The market conditions are right for a new
genre to emerge: industrial gaming.
This might sound interesting, but what are the business
justifications for the creation of an industrial virtual world?
Why would an owner/operator want to invest in industrial
gaming? At the lowest level, the objectives of gaming for
entertainment and those of industrial gaming are relatively
similar: practice makes perfect.
Dr. Michael Platt, a human performance engineer at Lockheed
Martin, has said that people should not be trained until they
get it right; they need to be trained until they do not get it
wrong. Similarly, gamers are only allowed to progress when they
no longer make errors, trying again and again until they get it
right. If they do not get it right, their characters crash or
Central to the application of industrial gaming for oil and
gas organizations is a desire to create and maintain skills and
understanding in all site personnel through familiarization and
repeated practice. Human error is widely recognized as the No.
1 cause of safety incidents, and so, while the enhanced skills
gained through repeated practice could aid productivity, they
could also serve to eradicate human error from
The ability to not just to understand information, but to
also retain it is critical to ensuring safety in high-risk environments, and a heuristic or
trial-and-error approach to learning significantly improves
retention. It utilizes self-educating techniques where
individuals evaluate the feedback resulting from actions to
improve performance.
However, in the hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI),
allowing trainees to learn by doing in a live environment can
be costly, disruptive to production and potentially hazardous
to the individual or the facility, and the consequences of a
mistake can be catastrophic.
Never has the need for improved training in the oil
and gas industry been more important, said Derek
Middlemas, COO and head of enterprise solutions for AVEVA.
A lack of experienced engineers combined with more
complex and automated assets introduces new risks into safe and
effective operations. This is where virtual reality comes in.
Using industrial 3D gaming technology to supplement physical
on-the-job training can greatly increase operator effectiveness
at zero-risk and optimize training costs.
The use of advanced visual simulation technology, such as
that which underpins industrial gaming, enhances data
assimilation. In the report Why Simulation Games
Work, the authors note that, in many cases, industrial
gaming can help make the information more relevant and easier
to understand, which is critical for high-risk activity
training where full comprehension and retention of safety
information are paramount.
Similarly, in a study conducted by New South Wales Mines
Rescue Service, it was identified that traditional classroom
training (including demonstrations and video presentations) led
to, at best, a 50% retention performance. Simulator-based
training, where trainees performed actions themselves, lifted
that retention level to 75%.
But this perspective is not new; the HPI is playing
catch-up. The development of flight simulators has contributed
enormously to improving air safety by enabling crew members to
learn and practice their skills in perfect safety and at a
fraction of the cost of flying a real aircraft.
Within a virtual reality environment, trainees can be
provided with full on-screen details to follow when introduced
to the training program, and the advice can then be steadily
reduced to hints and finally to no-help test modes to ensure
complete comprehension of a process. The ability to make
mistakes and repeat a course program with no safety or cost
consequences ensures that the different learning and retention
speeds of each employee can be accommodated easily through
self-paced learning.
Many of the recent investigations into incidents in the HPI
have highlighted a level of commonality as to probable causes.
These include:
The first step toward a safer workforce is ensuring that,
before they set foot in the facility, all site personnel are
fully familiar with the environment in which they are working.
Many new recruits will not have an understanding of full-scale
operational plants and may not even be able to identify some of
the main components of a facility. To compound the problem, the
facilities themselves are often
remote, difficult to reach, infrequently accessed, and
sometimes even unmanned.
In such circumstances, there may be no supervisor or safety
professional present to review the site for hazards and to
instruct remote workers or new site visitors in avoidance.
Using an immersive environment built from the 3D model of the
asset, workers can prepare fully for a site visit, by reviewing
the layout, hazardous locations, emergency egress routes and
assembly areas, and the locations of the nearest safety
stations like eye-washes, showers and emergency call
Adding procedural training to the immersive environment also
enables operators to educate new employees, remote workers and
all those on site, in site-specific emergency procedures,
ensuring they respond appropriately in the event of an incident
and do not unintentionally compound risk by failing to follow
the defined process.
Regulations around the globe already demand it: the
forthcoming ISO 55000 regulations will enumerate that safety
training is a central recognized and generally accepted good
engineering practice (RAGAGEP) pillar for operational
readiness. Meanwhile, the US Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA), via its regulation OSHA 1910.119(g)(1)
indicates that topics covered by training should, at a minimum,
include the following:
Findings published by the Politecnico di Milano Department
of Materials and Chemical Engineering reveal that process
sequences including startups/shutdowns, hot work and
lock-out/tag-out, as well as abnormal conditions (like confined
space entry), alarms, failures and accidents are not easily
replicable in a real plant. The ability to create an immersive
virtual environment with comprehensive
step-by-step instructions and opportunities to repeatedly test
comprehension and retention provides a far better option for
ensuring safety.
It is true that improving the speed-to-proficiency in key
areas like safety, reliability and risk management
prior to entering the field has productivity benefits for
operators, but immersive training is not just for new
employees; it is important to ensure that bad working practices
do not slip into regular activities. For example, one of the
problems that caused the BP Texas City refinery explosion was that
operators relied on knowledge of past startup experiences
(passed down by the more skilled veteran operators) and
developed informal work practices. The ability to train or
evaluate operators at any time, in any location and as often as
necessary, allows immersive simulation training to be a vital
tool in refresher training for existing employees, too.
The increasing presence of intelligent 3D models in HPI
engineering means that the process for creating specific
virtual reality environments using industrial gaming
development engines can be straightforward and cost-effective.
The usability and affordability of the technology means that specific
application of the technology to the HPI is limited only by the
imagination of operations and maintenance (O&M) and training
departments. Some of the use cases have already been
In addition, there are a multitude of further applications
to improve teamwork and increase productivity, including:
The application of advanced technology to enhance the safety
of all field operations personnel is expected to increase
significantly over the coming years. Clearly, there are many
opportunities to make full use of existing asset information,
including documentation, maintenance histories and 3D models
in the creation of sophisticated virtual reality environments
and scenarios. But this is not merely a long-term vision, the
use case exists today.
The forthcoming ISO 55000 standard outlines six different
asset management subject groups, and details the requisite
processes and capabilities required in each subject group. The
application of immersive environment training supports
processes and capabilities across all of the categories.
Virtualization can make a real difference to the safety and
reliability of a field operations
team. HP
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Knowledge is Power! Being a HSE professional ,I salute to author, such type of topic or detail increasing knowledge and preventing accident. Topic was Excellent define to get employee understand to prevent accident too, also its good for knowledge as well. I highly appreciated author who has details too.Best regardsSyed.Shah.Muhammad.QoraishHSE ManagerConstruction Phase Oil & Gas and InfrastructureEmail ID:shah.muhammad@descon .com Cell # 00923030095959 00923355088825
Janice Abel
ARC is an advisory research firm that researches operator and worker training technologies for the manufacturing space. Growth in simulation and immersive technologies are increasing and the ability to implement is getting easier because the technologies are changing. The new tech savvy worker generation really likes this type of training - but experienced workers also like the training because it gives them a different perspective than traditional training. The training is also highly motivational. For more information see our web site arcweb.com and videos on you tube.
David Esquibel
I would like for someone on Dave Coppin's staff or himself to contact me on presenting the virtual operator training software. I am on the planning committee for the North Amercia Process Technology Allance Instructor's Conference. I believe this would be a great opportunty for the community college instructor community and industry learning advisors to see this technology as we usher in a new generation of learners...Tks!DE
David Esquibel
Prof. Shahram Kouhsari
Power system real time simulator for oil & gas industry has become like playing with your network.http://www.intelectri.comINFO: http://www.intelectri.com/NETWORK/2/IN.pdfhttp://www.intelectri.com/NETWORK/5/IN.pdfhttp://www.intelectri.com/NETWORK/6/IN.pdf
Mark Fabre
How will development cost be funded with such a low volume of sales? Madden Football by EA Games for example sells an average of 5 million units a year. At $30 average retail sale price per copy, that provides a $150 million pot to fund development, manufacturing, advertising and distribution each year.
Luis Marcelo Arce Mosqueira
Please send me more info, where i can buy the video game ?regards
Hernan Pena Galarza
Please send more information.
Ejaz ul Haque
In this time of lean management, training of work force is a major issue to safeguard asset and prevent human injuries and loss. This is bigger and better than process control simulators used in CPI and HPI. Availability of plant learning games will surely reduce the headache of plant managers.
Mohammed Al-Saraf
This is indeed the technology of the future when the degree of catastropic incidents are increasing with advent of time. Though, SAFETY remains the topmost spot in the policies of all Oil & Gas companies, it remains to be seen how the Investment Portfolio will be adapted by global Oil & Gas companies in future to use such futuristic safety methodologies.
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A searchable database of project activity in the global hydrocarbon processing industry
Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
Is 2016 the peak for US gasoline demand?
Too soon to tell
July 2016


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After injuring my neck, shoulder and arm on a fall from my bike I need the type of handlebar that you see more commonly on a cruiser bike. ie that is one that gives you anupright sitting position. My bikes are a Merida 100d and a Specialized Ariel. Does anyone know of a handlebar the can fit these bikes. Erin
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You can likely find bars the will fit, but keep in mind that you still want the bike to function which means moving over your shifters and brake levers. While you could probably do this as a DIY project, I'd really recommend going to a bike shop and at least getting some advice first.
The can help you select a bar that is the right diameter to fit with your current stem and talk you through issues like re-cabling (longer bars probably mean longer cables) and where/how to mount shifters and brake levers. You might end up wanting to change brake levers to a different type depending on bars.
Don't forget the you still need to be able to get on and handle the bike. You will be doing some strange things with the center of rotation for the bars. At low speed (...i.e. the speed cruiser bikes that normally have these bars), this is probably not an issue. But you get up to high speed on a decent and you might find yourself in trouble. Start slow and see how it handles.
Happy riding.
The simplest thing to do would be swap the stem for one that gets your handlebar taller, say some 5 inches taller at least, perhaps preferrably more. This would allow you to keep your current "cockpit", with grips and levers and shifters etc.
If you don't find the taller stem (I've had a hard time finding really tall stems at the shops), I would suggest a BMX handlebar, since they get your hands much higher.
One thing to note is: when you raise your hands and torso, the body weight gets shifted so that there's less weight on the front wheel, which might affect handling making the bike a bit more unstable and prone to unwanted wheelies uphill. In this case, a BMX handlebar can be more adjustable because by rotating it in the stem you can adjust reach to get a good weight-balance and steering behaviour. The downside is the torque BMX handlebars apply on the stem, which usually is not a problem if you don't ride aggressively.
A final note on the BMX handlebar: some shifters don't fit well around the curves of the handlebar, test it before buying, if you will.
And, of course, cable and router lengths will most probably need to be replaced for longer ones.
Hope that helps!
I think using a stem raiser may bring your handlebars to a position where you can ride upright. I used the a stem raiser on my cycle with road-style drop bars. This helped me achieve more upright position.
This is applicable to the cycles that you have, just make sure the stem diameters match the fittings.
An alternative solution would be to use an adjustable stem, here is an example.
These options are cheaper than getting a new handle bar setup, unless you are specifically looking to change the handle bar style. The links above are used as example only, I am not affiliated to mentioned organizations.


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April 2009
The Adult Education and Family Literacy Act, Title II of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998, requires states to establish a comprehensive performance accountability system to assess the effectiveness of eligible agencies in making continuous improvement in their adult education and literacy activities. To motivate local adult education providers to improve the quality and effectiveness of their services, states have begun adopting performance-based funding systems to allocate federal and state adult education resources. However, system development still is in its early stages and states are grappling to implement performance-based funding.
MPR Associates, Inc. through a contract with the Office of Vocational and Adult Education will provide targeted technical assistance and leadership activities to assist state policymakers and adult education administrators in their efforts to design and implement performance-based funding (PBF). MPR will conduct two national workshops to introduce state staff to Performance-Based Funding systems and targeted technical assistance for two groups of states during the 27-month project. All states have the opportunity to participate in the national training workshops and technical assistance activities, regardless of their states' past experience using Performance-Based Funding.
The first national training workshop on Performance-Based Funding occurred in January 2009. In March 2009, six states (Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylavania and Rhode Island) were selected to receive nine months of individualized support to design or refine PBF systems. The second national training workshop on Performance-Based Funding will occur in fall 2009, and the second six states selected to receive targeted technical assistance begin their work in early 2010.
Project Milestones
- Conduct the initial national training workshop, January 2009
- Provide training and technical assistance to six states, March 2009 to November 2009
- Conduct a second national training workshop, October 2009
- Provide training and technical assistance to another six states, January 2010 to September 2010
Outcomes and Products
- Annual report of the work completed in year one
- Final report that summarizes the project's activities, the states' accomplishments, key findings and lessons learned.
ContactRonna Spacone


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This has happened before and some mail servers will tell you that your IP has been blacklisted (RBL, CBL, etc) but I can't find that site to check anymore and searches result in a site that may or may not be legitimate.
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MxToolbox has a web-based blacklist check tool that's a good starting point. The Domain Name System Blacklists (DNSBL) and Anti-Abuse Multi-RBL Check are other great free resources for this purpose.
DNSstuff also has a subscription based service called RBLalerts that will monitor 130+ blacklists for an IP address you specify and notify you if it has been listed or delisted. I haven't tried this service, but it might be worth a try if this issue is impacting your organization.
http://www.anti-abuse.org/multi-rbl-check/ is one
Although if an ISP is blocking you purely on RBL check then they need educating. You should never block purely on this as it can lead to a lot of false positives.
You should also check for yourself at rfc-ignorant.org. Being in their zones isn't being blacklisted, more like graylisted, but it doesn't help you any.
You can find if you were unlucky enough to enter the spamcop blacklist.
www.dnsstuff.com is paid for but it does a lot more besides checking for blacklisting, which indeed it does.
GENERALLY SPEAKING, it is fruitless to regularly check this. There are too many blacklists and they come and go. False positives are rare, and they can usually be dealt with quickly when they happen. Make sure users know to contact you if mail is not getting delivered, and then deal with it when it happens.
The administrator of the domain actually doing the blocking can usually tell you the fastest way to get unblocked, or can add you to a white list for their domain. You also may be able to tell from one of the notes or headers on a returned (blocked) message.
Finally, you should make sure that your users aren't sending spam! A couple of PCs infected with an "email the address book" worm can be enough to trigger a blacklist. Keep A/V running and up to date, including inbound and outbound mail and web browsing.
Spamlab is another site with over 30 RBL. It's also relatively easy to remove your site from the RBL through www.spamlab.com
I use the rblcheck program.
You can check if your IP is listed on over 30 blacklists at http://www.viewdns.info
Nice fast site with clean output! Best of all its FREE!
GENERALLY SPEAKING, it is fruitless to regularly check this. There are too many blacklists and they come and go. False positives are common, and you'll never keep up with trying to deal with them when they happen. Make sure recipients know to contact their own provider if mail is not being received, and then deal with it when it happens.
The administrators of the domain doing the blocking are responsible for providing spam protection service for their users. The extent to which they do a good or bad job (false positives, false negatives, etc.) is beyond your control.
Although this is pretty much the opposite of what tomjedrz said, I agree with his "soapox" comment in its entirety.
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The Carmi Times office will be closed Monday, May 27 in observance of Memorial Day. No paper will be produced that day. However, a paper will be printed Wednesday, May 29.
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Well it has been some time since I have posted here but I have an update. Since I moved to WI I have become more involved with the local bike community. As of spring of last year I installed a 2 mile trail in an undisclosed location in Oshkosh. It has some features and is soon to have another 1-2 miles installed. It is definitely not freeride but will have a very flowy fast feel once completed. Things like all corners bermed, whoops, bridges, rock gardens, etc. Stay tuned because if all goes as planned it will be open to the public for a small fee(cover future build costs).
On the other hand if someone would get there hands on a Grand Chute Future Rec Development Plan they will see that in 2013 there is 75k allotted to create a second freeride bike park on the north end of the city. With and expected +$75k match by the community. It is being built by the same company who built the Valmont bike park in Colorado. Drawings come out soon. It will have a technical mountain bike loop, DJ lines, pump track, dual slalom, slope style, and much more.
More to come...
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5 Aug 2010 8:56 AM #111
In my own project I've begun to subclass certain Ext components into a new namespace Ext.sec. For example I have subclassed Ext.tree.TreeNode to override the unsafe text parameter.
var h = Ext.util.Format.htmlEncode; TreeNode: Ext.extend(Ext.tree.TreeNode, { constructor: function(config) { if (config.text) { config.text = h(config.text); } Ext.sec.TreeNode.superclass.constructor.call(this, config); }, setText: function(text) { Ext.sec.TreeNode.superclass.setText.call(this, h(text)); } })
5 Aug 2010 1:40 PM #112
Yeah - after an afternoon of digging deeper, it seems that htmlEncode is the answer. Adding ':htmlEncode' over all my XTemplates has been easy. Now I get to play with the trees and grids. Hopefully it won't be too painful.
5 Aug 2010 3:00 PM #113
In the general case however it is critical that the server side validate input before it ever makes it into the database - this is certainly not the presentation layer's job. Any server side app that allows tainted input like that mentioned is not doing its job correctly.
One could make a reasonable argument that the presentation layer could also attempt to guard against this in case of man-in-the-middle attacks.Ext JS Senior Software Architect
Personal Blog: http://edspencer.net
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5 Aug 2010 5:44 PM #114
I will disagree, but only in an orthogonal way. You are correct that the server should validate data. However, that doesn't mean that the server should consider the presentation layer encoding issues. That is something that only EXT-JS and the web browser need be concerned with.
Data has a type, and the server should validate that data conforms to the requirements of that type. Consider a field that represents a users age. The business requirements for this probably require this to be a numeric field, and thus the server should validate the value before accepting it. (a well-designed client should probably also check for a number before sending it to the server, but this really depends on how the UI is designed. the authoritative validation is on the server)
This is a data type check, one that happens to be HTML safe. A user's name has a completely different range of values, and may or may not be HTML safe. "I <3 puppies" might just be a valid name for your application. Could "Norman Richards <firstname.lastname@example.com>" be valid for an email address field? Maybe, maybe not. It depends on your server-side business concerns. What about, for the sake of illustration, field that asks for the users favorite HTML tag? "<blink>" it is!
The point here is that server-side data validation does not imply HTML scrubbing or HTML encoding. To do so would probably be wrong. If you are storing your data in an XML file, maybe it gets encoded that way. If you are storing it in a database, encoding it that way would almost always be wrong. Maybe your business validation rules require it for a type, maybe they don't. Almost any non-trivial application will have fields whose values are not necessarily HTML safe.
Ok, so now we've established that server side validation has nothing to do with presentation layer encoding. They are related for sure, and in some cases (numeric values) they could be functionally equivalent, but that should be seen as a coincidence, and not one I think an experienced developer should rely upon.
So, now let's switch to the client side. The web client gets data from the server. This data is a value that should be presented to the user. In an extjs app, it is typically inserted into the DOM somewhere, usually in a way that treats it as HTML. That is to say we have data that almost always is not HTML itself, and at best is only coincidentally HTML-safe. It's data that, unless it is explicitly known to be typed as HTML and intended to be inserted directly into the DOM must be properly escaped to avoid all sorts of errors - involving security and just plain correctness of the app.
Remember, having HTML-unsafe values is NOT (necessarily) an error. An experienced web developer should recognize these values as the norm and not as the exception, and I would argue that any sane framework should always escape values before inserting them into the document unless explicitly told not to by the developer.
A framework that doesn't do this by default is setting it's users up for problems. A framework that makes this difficult or obscure is being negligent. The good news here is that it doesn't seem that hard to do with extjs. It's just not well documented, and from my skim of the forums not even very well understood, which is quite scary.
6 Aug 2010 12:23 AM #115
6 Aug 2010 3:35 AM #116
Ofcourse there is a benefit for displaying html tags inside text fields for example.
Personally I would clean data before saving to the DB.
6 Aug 2010 5:40 AM #117
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My strategy is to scrub the content before sending to the browser. It can be stored in the database as-is, as long as you're scrubbing it for SQL injection.
It's a consistent pattern to use, and it makes sense to me. Consider you have a user table in your database that contains encrypted password and salt and email address and other sensitive information. If you're going to send an array of user information to the browser to display in a grid or tree or something, you're going to scrub it by removing the password, salt, and email address from each record.
As long as you're scrubbing those kinds of things, you may as well scrub the content of the fields for anything a user may have input that could be malicious.
Consider this vb4 software. In the admincp, you can set a prefix and suffix for user name display. Administrators can be shown in bold+blue, premium members in bold+black, and so on. If admincp were an ExtJS app, there'd be textfields that would allow the administrator to enter <span style="font-weight: bold; color: blue;"> for prefix and </span> for suffix. Why would you want ExtJS to be scrubbing those textfields?
Posts, on the other hand, are the obvious places where the public can do malicious things. If you use ExtJS' HTMLEditor to edit posts, anyone can basically add <script> tags (or img tags or whatever) that can do very bad things to other users who view those posts. So you have a business logic case where you might allow those things to be entered, but you would scrub the post content before displaying them to users.
It's obviously not specific to posts - users can leave visitor messages, post in member groups, send private messages, add fields to their profile, and so on.
6 Aug 2010 6:14 AM #118
Chods - I think you are confusing issues. Let's take the "I <3 puppies" example again. Is this a valid data value, perhaps for a user's display name in an application? It depends on your application. It's possible that it's an illegal value, but it's quite reasonable to say that it is a valid value. (If you don't like like it for user display name, think "user info" or something where it would be)
This is a valid value. It is safe to put this value in the database exactly like that. If you don't agree, ask yourself how you would search for all users that heart ("<3") something in their name. You certainly wouldn't html encode it and then search for "<3", right? Or, ask yourself how you would include this value from the database in an email, a pdf or an iphone app. None of these applications should need to deal with html encoded data.
Ok, so now hopefully we are all on board that this is both a valid value and that it's appropriate to store it in the database directly. (that is, the database should know "I <3 puppies" not "I <3 puppies" as the value) The next step is getting this information from the server to the client. Normally this will be through some sort of web service or remoting layer. The value is transfered through some sort of encoding. Maybe you use DWR and the results are encoded in a JSON-ish way. Maybe you use XML and you encode the data an XML-friendly way. Maybe your data value is returned as a single raw text/plain HTTP response. Whatever mechanism you chose, your server would encode the raw value in a way appropriate to the transport. Some of these may be equivalent to html encoding, some might not.
Now, let's consider two tasks you might have for this completely valid and reasonable (but html unsafe) data value. You may want to include this value in a URL, maybe as a query parameter. In this case, the value needs to be URL encoded, right? This is different from HTML encoding, and you wouldn't really want to URL encode an html encoded value, right? How would the server that the URL points to deal with that? It wouldn't make sense. You encode the raw data in the way appropriate to it's use.
Whenever we cross a data boundary, the data needs to be encoded properly for where it is going. When a raw value is sent from the server, it needs to be encoded in a way appropriate to the transport. It's then decoded on the client. When the client wants to cross another boundary, such as from a javascript variable into raw html, it must be encoded for html. Not encoding for HTML is a failure, and it is wrong. It might not happen to cause problems in some cases, but it is still wrong. The only case where it is right to NOT encode is when you are specifically returning data this is already HTML. If your server API is getDisplayNameAsHtml instead of getDisplayName, then you could reasonably insert the value into the DOM directly. But, designing an API like this is a pretty poor technique.
Ok, so now we can ask ourselves clearly whose responsibility is it to html encode data that goes into the DOM. Unless you are dealing with a (IMHO poorly designed) API that is only targeting HTML clients and never does any client-side processing of that data other than inserting it directly into the DOM, this is not the server's responsibility. The server encodes for the transport, not for the (possibly unknown) user of the API. The responsibility lies squarely on the user, on the client code you write running in the browser. In our context, that is our code using extjs, and extjs should make it easy to do this. (and, to re-iterate, after investigating, it's not all that hard. it's just not well documented)
I would argue further that extjs should do this by default and never allow the incorrect and unsafe behavior unless the developer asks for it, but that's a matter of style and perhaps backwards compatibility. If you are writing extjs apps and you aren't html encoding almost everything you get from the server, I would suggest you probably are making seriously mistakes somewhere in your app.
6 Aug 2010 6:41 AM #119
@mschwartz: your strategy of encoding before sending to the browser only works if all the clients are web clients. I am writing apps that have a multi-client model, where some of the clients calling the web services are not web apps.
6 Aug 2010 6:48 AM #120
OK. Thats all fine but as a solution to XSS this does not solve the problem as its easy for any hacker to disable the encoding function whatever that maybe and the hacker has access to the dirty data. As per the title of this thread the solution to resolve the issue on the client does not work.
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text:
18. Azaindole Hydroxamic Acids are HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors
- Nouri Neamati
Published Online: 28 SEP 2011
DOI: 10.1002/9781118015377.ch18
Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Book Title
HIV-1 Integrase: Mechanism and Inhibitor Design
Additional Information
How to Cite
Plewe, M. B. and Johnson, T. W. (2011) Azaindole Hydroxamic Acids are HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors, in HIV-1 Integrase: Mechanism and Inhibitor Design (ed N. Neamati), John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA. doi: 10.1002/9781118015377.ch18
Editor Information
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, California, USA
Publication History
- Published Online: 28 SEP 2011
- Published Print: 9 SEP 2011
Book Series:
Book Series Editors:
- Binghe Wang
ISBN Information
Print ISBN: 9780470184745
Online ISBN: 9781118015377
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Every culture and religion in the world has its own way to define and celebrate the coming of the new year. While the Chinese have the Imlek celebration, the Muslims celebrate the first of Muharram, and the world in general celebrates the first of January, the Hindus of Bali welcome the New Year based on the traditional Saka Calendar with the ritual of Nyepi. This year, Nyepi , the day of complete silence and meditation , takes place on 12th March 2013.
Travellers to Bali around this date please note : On this day, the entire island of Bali will come to a complete standstill. To allow all to follow the prescribed ritual, all traffic all over Bali will be stopped. No planes will land or take off for 24 hours. All shops are closed. No one is allowed on the beach or on the streets. There will be local watchmen known as pecalang to ascertain that this rule is obeyed. At night, all lights will have to be turned off. Hotels will close all curtains that no ray of light shines to the outside. All sound and music indoors should be held to its lowest volume.
The sudden silence comes after the eve of noisy festivities on the beaches of Kuta, Sanur, Nusa Dua, Seminyak and others with parades of giant puppets called "ogoh-ogoh" accompanied by clanging gongs and other percussion instruments. At the end of the festival the ogoh-ogoh are lit and are totally engulfed in flames.
For non-Balinese who happen to be in Bali for the first time on Nyepi day , it is an extraordinary experience indeed to find a whole island completely silent as if deserted , enveloped in an atmosphere of complete tranquility and peace.
For, contrary to other cultures that celebrate New Year with vivacious festivities, the pinnacle of Balinese New Year is a day of complete Silence. Hence the name Nyepi, meaning "to keep silent" in the local language, which falls on the day following the dark moon of the spring equinox. Nyepi is a day fully dedicated to connect oneself more closely with God (Hyang Widi Wasa) through prayers and at the same time as a day of self introspection to decide on values, such as humanity, love, patience, kindness, and others, that should be kept forever.
As a day reserved for self-reflection anything that might interfere with that purpose is strictly prohibited. Nyepi mandates a day of absolute quiet, based on the four precepts of Catur Brata:
• Amati Geni: Prohibiting the lighting of fires, the use of lighting or satisfying pleasurable human appetites.
• Amati Karya: Prohibiting all forms of physical work other than those dedicated to spiritual cleansing and renewal.
• Amati Lelungan: Prohibiting movement or travel; requiring people to stay within their homes.
• Amati Lelangunan: Prohibiting all forms of entertainment, recreations or general merrymaking.
Although Nyepi is primarily a Hindu holiday, non-Hindu residents of Bali observe the day of silence as well, out of respect for their fellow citizens. Even tourists are not exempt; although free to do as they wish inside their hotels, no one is allowed on the beaches or streets, and the airport remains closed for the entire day. The only exceptions granted are for emergency vehicles carrying those with life-threatening conditions and women about to give birth.
For more information, please click : Nyepi: Bali's New Year's Day of Cemplete Silence
Copyright © 2014 Ministry of Tourism, Republic of Indonesia. All Rights Reserved


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In the 3rd Congressional District, it is time for Democratic Rep. Rosa DeLauro to go. Rep. DeLauro, in office since 1991, is a member of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, a group so left-wing, even House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., refuses to join. Our support goes to Republican challenger Wayne Winsley of Naugatuck. Mr. Winsley, a Navy veteran who rose from poverty, emphasizes cutting taxes and reducing burdensome regulations as the keys to economic success. He deserves a chance.
Rep. John B. Larson, D-1st District, was a moderate as a state legislator, but he has been a solid liberal since going to Congress in 1999. Republican challenger John Henry Decker, a West Hartford resident and financial planner, decries the Obama administration's out-of-control spending, which Rep. Larson has backed. Our support goes to Mr. Decker.
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tommy v wrote on Nov 2, 2012 8:51 AM:
" I wish to speak on behalf of and Support the Candidacy of Wayne Winsley in the 3d Congressional District. Our Forefathers new long ago that there was something inherently wrong with 'Career Politions'. In 'Rosa' you have exactly that, with 22yrs+ in Congress and a personal wealth exceeding I beleive $17 million Dollars. I think its time for 'fresh blood and ides's, I think its time for Wayne Winsley !! Wayne would bring to the table a 'Fresh' eagerness to represent those of us in the 3d District. Wayne would put a end to those 'Auto-Mailers' and truly listen to and represent his Constituents. Please give Wayne Winsley a chance !!! "
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text:
Jim Bottomley
- Position(s):
- Nicknames:
- Sunny Jim
- Born:
- May 23, 1900
- Bats:
- Left
- Throws:
- Left
- Height:
- 6'
- Weight:
- 180 lbs
- Major League Debut:
- 8-18-1922 with SLN
- Allstar Selections:
- Hall of Fame:
- 1974
One of the National League's top run-producers for much of the 1920s, Jim Bottomley spent several of his peak seasons in St. Louis playing in the shadow of the great Rogers Hornsby. Nevertheless, the man who came to be known as Sunny Jim for his pleasant nature and smiling face eventually gained induction into the Baseball Hall of Fame largely on the strength of his propensity for driving in huge numbers of runs. The first baseman averaged 126 runs batted in per-year for the Cardinals from 1924 to 1929, topping the senior circuit in that category on two separate occasions. Bottomley also batted over .360 twice and accomplished the rare feat of compiling more than 20 home runs, triples, and doubles in the same season in 1928, when he captured N.L. MVP honors.
Born in Oglesby, Illinois on April 23, 1900, James Leroy Bottomley grew up in nearby Nokomis, Illinois, where he attended high school. After signing with the St. Louis Cardinals in 1920, Bottomley spent the next two years advancing through Branch Rickey's farm system. The left-handed hitting first baseman arrived in St. Louis for the first time in August of 1922 and established himself as the team's first baseman of the future over the season's final six weeks by batting .325 and driving in 35 runs, in only 151 official at-bats. Convinced that the 22-year-old first sacker had all the tools necessary to excel at the major-league level, Rickey traded veteran first baseman Jack Fournier to Brooklyn during the off-season to make room for Bottomley in the Cardinals' starting lineup. Rewarding Rickey for the faith he showed in him, Bottomley had an exceptional rookie season, knocking in 94 runs, amassing 14 triples, 34 doubles, and 194 hits, and finishing second in the league to teammate Hornsby with a .371 batting average and a .425 on-base percentage.
Although Bottomley's batting average slipped to .316 the following year, he had a solid second season, hitting 14 home runs, driving in 111 runs, and scoring 87 others. He had the greatest day of his career on September 16 of that year when he drove in a record 12 runs against the Dodgers with two homers, a double, and three singles. Bottomley's six-for-six afternoon was one of two such performances he turned in over the course of his career.
Bottomley developed into one of the National League's top players in 1925 when he finished among the league leaders with 21 home runs, 128 runs batted in, a .367 batting average, a .578 slugging percentage, and 358 total bases, while topping the circuit with 44 doubles and 227 hits. He followed that up with another big year in 1926, when he led the league with 120 runs batted in, 40 doubles, and 305 total bases. Bottomley also batted .299, scored 98 runs, and placed among the league leaders with 19 home runs and 14 triples. He then performed exceptionally well against the Yankees in the World Series, batting .345 and knocking in five runs, in helping St. Louis upset heavily-favored New York in seven games.
Batting fourth in the St. Louis lineup, immediately behind Rogers Hornsby, certainly provided Bottomley with numerous opportunities to drive in runs. But the first baseman maintained his outstanding run-production after Hornsby left the Cardinals at the conclusion of the 1926 campaign. Bottomley drove in 124 runs for St. Louis in 1927, while also hitting 19 home runs and batting .303. He then had arguably his finest all-around season in 1928, becoming just the second player in major league history to surpass 20 homers, 20 triples, and 20 doubles in the same year (Chicago's Frank Schulte was the first). In addition to leading the National League with 31 home runs and 20 triples, Bottomley accumulated 42 doubles, scored a career-high 123 runs, batted .325, and topped the circuit with 136 runs batted in and 362 total bases, en route to capturing league MVP honors. The Cardinals won their second pennant in three years but were subsequently swept by the Yankees in the World Series.
Bottomley had one more big year left in him before his skills gradually began to diminish. He finished among the National League leaders with 29 home runs and 137 RBIs in 1929, while also batting .314 and scoring 108 runs. The first baseman wasn't nearly as productive for the pennant-winning Cardinals in either of the next two seasons, but he still managed to bat .304 and knock in 97 runs in 1930, despite missing almost three weeks of the season with an injury. Injuries limited Bottomley to only 108 games in 1931, but he performed admirably for the eventual world champions, driving in 75 runs and finishing a close third in the N.L. batting race with a mark of .3482 (teammate Chick Hafey batted .3489, while Giants first baseman Bill Terry hit .3486).
After appearing in only 91 games for the Cardinals in 1932, Bottomley was dealt to Cincinnati during the off-season to make room at first base for another choice member of Branch Rickey's farm system, Ripper Collins. Bottomley spent three years in Cincinnati, never hitting more than 13 home runs, driving in more than 83 runs, or batting higher than .284. He returned to St. Louis in 1936 as a member of the Browns. Reunited with former Cardinals teammate Roger Hornsby, who managed the American League's St. Louis entry for parts of five seasons, Bottomley had a solid season, batting .298 and knocking in 95 runs. After serving the Browns primarily as a pinch-hitter over the first half of the 1937 campaign, the 37-year old Bottomley was named to succeed Hornsby as manager of the team. He served the Browns in that capacity until the season ended, being replaced at the end of the year by another former Cardinals player, Gabby Street. Bottomley subsequently announced his retirement, leaving the game with a lifetime batting average of .310, 219 home runs, 1,422 runs batted in, 1,177 runs scored, 2,313 hits, 151 triples, and 465 doubles. Bottomley's 219 homers, 151 triples, and 465 doubles made him the first of two players (Lou Gehrig being the other) to reach the 150-mark in all three categories. Bottomley surpassed 20 homers and 40 doubles three times each, 100 runs batted in six times, 100 runs scored twice, and 10 triples nine times, and he batted over .300 on nine separate occasions, hitting at least .296 three other times. He played for four pennant-winners and two world championship clubs in his 11 years with the Cardinals.
Following his retirement as an active player, Bottomley managed briefly in the minor leagues, before moving to Bourbon, Missouri, where he raised Hereford cattle. He later returned to baseball as a scout for the Cubs and as a minor league manager in the Appalachian League. Plagued by heart problems later in life, Bottomley suffered a heart attack while serving in the latter capacity. He spent the last years of his life in nearby Sullivan, Missouri, where he was eventually laid to rest after dying of another heart attack at the age of 59. The Veterans Committee elected Bottomley to the Hall of Fame posthumously 15 years later, in 1974.
- Tagged:
- 1974 Hall of Fame, Branch Rickey, Cincinnati Reds, Jim Bottomley, NL MVP 1928, St. Louis Cardinals, firstbase


text:
If someone asks us something that we don't know, how can we know so fast that that's the case? Shouldn't we spend a considerable amount of time scanning our memories until we realize the information is unknown?
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"There are known knowns; there are things we know that we know. There are known unknowns; that is to say, there are things that we now know we don't know. But there are also unknown unknowns – there are things we do not know we don't know."
Donald Rumsfeld
This question is difficult to answer because researchers are rarely interested in how it is we know we don't know. Typically, memory researchers are either interested in how we remember, why we forget, and how we confabulate or form false memories. How it is that we can quickly decide "no entry found" is less of a pertinent question. There may be some research out there on the issue but I'm sure it will be very difficult to find. Broadly, however we can think of a potential answer by dividing the problem into two questions; how do we retrieve information, and how do we make judgements about our thoughts (meta-cognition)?
How do we retrieve information? Retrieval is thought to occur when there is a sufficient match between the current input pattern, and a previously encountered input pattern (Tulving, 1983). Sometimes however, the input pattern is merely a partial cue, and successful recognition entails activation of information that is associated with the cue. Activation of semantically related information is thought to occur due to spreading activation throughout a semantic network (Collins & Loftus, 1975). For example, someone asks "Where was JFK killed?" Presumably the partial cue 'JFK' activates related information such as 'John F Kennedy', 'President of USA','Cuba Missile Crisis','Assassinated', 'Texas'.
One property of the encoding-match hypothesis of memory retrieval is that more input information increases the chances that associated information will be activated. This property of memories is that we can use meta-cognitive strategies to facilitate activation of all related information. We do this by attempting think about particular cues, for example we might focus on the details that JFK was shot in an open car, Lee Harvey Oswald shot JFK from a book repository, in the hope that the city name will be activated.
At a certain stage however, we must make the meta-cognitive judgement that activation is not possible. In recognition tasks the standard assumption is that we simply adopt a meta-cognitive strategy of "wait X seconds, if recognition has not occurred, then the information is not present." There is a lot of controversy surrounding this assumption and what it means in memory tasks.
Although this is not a complete answer, I hope it at least sheds light on why we can know that we don't know so quickly. If retrieval is just the reactivation of a previous perceptual state, then recognition should occur at the speed of perception. However, if the cue is only partial, and activation of the target information relies on spreading activation, then recognition will take longer.
Tulving, E. (1983). Elements of episodic memory (p. 123). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Collins, A. M., & Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological review, 82(6), 407.
I am not an expert but I think this is because the brain would find existing memories instead of looking for memories that might not be there.
For example:
Say you have a good knowledge in C# but don't have that good of a knowledge in C++, but you know the extent of your knowledge.
You'd immediately know you cannot answer a question when asked about a concept in C++ you have not heard of / are not up to yet.
Another example:
When asked where you last saw someone, you can remember quickly or you can't.
For example, you have a friend that went missing unexpectedly but when you last saw her the confrontation was so casual you can't even remember it.. except that you can.. just slightly.
If you see your friend and give them a quick wave, but are in an area you aren't familiar with (Say a shopping district you've never went to), you'd have a difficult time recalling the PLACE where you found them. This is especially true if you're just acquaintances who just say "Hi" and "Bye!"
But if you are in a grey area, say you've been to a certain place before and saw your friend/acquaintance there, you may not remember or you will remember, that is just subjective. You'd be likely to remember quicker if it was a large event between you two. (Like a wedding!)
All in all, usually when asked that type of question images will flash by while you're saying "Hmm.. umm.. well I think I last saw (him/her) at this place." or you can be unsure and blank out.
Sorry for my inexperience, I am just giving an example to explain what I cannot really formally write.


text:
In 2012 wsop rules pdf file, I couldn't find any information about trash talking. Is it legal or illegal in world series of poker? From 2006, I find a video called Jamie Gold talking with trash talk but I don't think that was a trash talking.
As This article explains -and I remember watching Negreanu complaining about it on the feature table of 2011 WSOP Main Event- there is a rule that almost forbids all talking on the table.
Specially number two leaves trash talking out. The article points out it's a seven years old rule, but it has been really enforced on last year WSOP. It's my understanding that on this year WSOP (2012) that enforcement has been relaxed a little, I think it's OK to talk when only two players are in the hand.
Also you can check a Daniel Negreanu blog post about that rule.
There is no rule about trash talking in the WSOP. As long as your banter isn't considered threatening to another player you can say pretty much whatever you want. It's poker. The only thing Gold could have potentially gotten in trouble for in the above mentioned video is discussing his hole cards before the hand is over. But I think that rule has only recently been subject to strict enforcement.


text:
uhhh, does NodalNinja make a 10 stop detente plate for the NN3MkII?
Yes, but I lose count
I sometimes shoot 5+10+10+10+5 with a 28mm lens. Lot's of counting.
Thanks for the reply.
Yes use the EZ-leveler N-10/ 36 setting. U will get a 10 image pano. Works great for cylinder style panos.
The NN3 MKII 15/0 degree click stop reversible detent ring gives you 10 shots around on the 36 degree side.
Further info is here: http://store.nodalninja.com/category_s/68.htm
Today is worth two tomorrows.


text:
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