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Last time I changed my brake pads (Toyota Tacoma v6 4WD), I did not get my rotors turned and was told I should have taken them to a mechanic to get it done. I was wondering if there is any alternative to outsourcing the job and why a lathe is needed. E.g., why couldn't I mount some sort of a cup brush to a 4.5" grinder and just polish them to achieve a similar effect?
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The braking surfaces of a rotor require precision machining. The tolerances are in the .002" range. You would never come close without a quality lathe. Each manufacturer also has specifications for minimum total thickness, side to side variance for vented rotors, the smoothness of the finish and run-out which is the difference between the highest and lowest spot on the brake surface. A wire brush won't remove enough material to make any improvement.
You may find that an automotive machine shop may have better prices than your local garage. I have found that in many cases the cost of the labour for the machine work is close to the cost of a new rotor. The abrasive nature of the brake pad material means that many times the rotors will be close to the minimum thickness after they are machined. When the rotor is this thin it is more susceptible to warping. The warping is what causes the pedal pulsation during braking.
In a word, accuracy!
A lathe as used by a mechanic will have the precision required, and the instrumentation available, to ensure the rotors are turned evenly.
You'd be surprised at how much vibration you can get at 70mph from the smallest inconsistencies in rotor height - and how much you lose in stopping power!


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I've asked before, but I'm still confused as to what the mass energy equivalence implies. I've taken an introductory course in relativity, so I only covered special relativity. From what I gather, all things have a rest mass. As you increase your energy, your mass increases as well, and the rest mass behaves as some potential. But then when we talk about fusion and fission, we are splitting the atoms to generate energy-breaking apart the potential stored in forces between atomic components. This kind of makes sense to me. But then are all energies and masses equivalent? An electron has a rest mass, is this considered energy as well? Is the mass stored in objects I hold due to the gravitational field simply too small for me to notice? Furthermore, if mass is energy, then why do nuclei weigh less? Is some of their mass going into the bonds? The fission and fusion also confuse me, both are building towards a more stable atom (32?) but somehow both paths generate energy.
I assume you mean "as you increase your velocity"; correct me if I'm wrong. Rest mass does not depend on velocity. Be careful to distinguish between rest mass and relativistic mass. Rest mass, denoted as $m_0$, is the one that is equivalent to energy via $E_0 = m_0 c^2$. Relativistic mass is something like the resistance of the object to acceleration, but as a concept it's not used today. To quote einstein,
Yes. In order to measure that energy, simply annihilate that electron with a positron. Without doing so, you can't "feel" the energy.
Here is how energy works in nuclear fission. Let's take the reaction
$$ n + _{92}^{235}\textrm{U} \to _{56}^{141}\textrm{Ba} + _{36}^{92}\textrm{Kr} + 3n $$
The total mass on the left hand side is
$$ (92 m_p + 143 m_n + E_U/c^2) + (m_n) $$
where $E_U$ is the binding energy of Uranium, or about -1783870 keV. The total mass on the right hand side is
$$ (56 m_p + 85 m_n + E_{Ba}/c^2) + (36 m_p + 56 m_n + E_{Kr}/c^2) + 3 m_n $$
comparing, the $m_n$ and $m_p$ cancel, as they should. The mass difference is $\frac{1}{c^2} (E_{Kr} + E_{Ba} - E_{U})$ which you can look up if you wish. This is the energy liberated by fission.
It all depends on the scale at which you examine things. Just like thermal energy being resolved as the randomized kinetic energy of the parts if examined closely enough, so mass can be resolved into binding and kinetic energies plus some intrinsic masses of the bits if examined at the right scale.
Well I'm not up on current practice, but when I studied such things, some particle physicists used a system of units where c = hbar = 1
So in that system of units you simply have E = m and also E = (nu)
When accelerated particles approach the speed of light (c) , they don't add much in the way of speed, but their mass increases.
And in any radioactive decays, or Nuclear fission or fusion, the mass balance has to involve the energies of the various components, treating mass and energy as identical.

subset: commoncrawl


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B.A. in Maritime Studies
Of the handful of existing Maritime Studies programs in the United States, none is as diverse and widely appealing as the University of West Florida's.
The Maritime Studies program at UWF prepares students for a variety of occupations through the integration of diverse maritime themes. UWF's interdisciplinary program integrates five primary fields of study:
- anthropology and archaeology
- environmental studies
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The program is enhanced with studies in economics, public administration, art, geography, and leisure. [Academic Learning Compact]
Chart your own course with a customized Maritime Studies program that fits your career interests.
Flexibility is the hallmark of UWF's Maritime Studies Program. Students tailor their degree program to their individual interests. Core courses provide an overview of the main areas of study. Students complete their degree program with elective courses from a wide range of disciplines, such as anthropology/archaeology, marine biology, environmental studies, history, art history, literature, law, political science and leisure. Undergraduate students also complete a minor in their primary field of interest.
Immerse yourself in real-life field experiences.
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- Underwater Archaeology


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Waking up in the morning to a very bright screen is no fun. I'd rather the screen be dimmer in my dark bedroom when I wake up. While I could manually change the brightness before going to bed and changing it once I get up, it's too much bother.
How can I automate changing the screen brightness based on the time of day?


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Police reports
Arrested: Ernest Johnson, 57, 919 Belmont St., Weirton, failure to appear, Tuesday.
Arrested: Ashley Hayes, 29, 425 Clinton St., possession of drug paraphernalia and a bench warrant for failure to appear, Wednesday.
Cited: Thomas C. Adams, 145 Powers Road, Weirton, speeding; Thomas E. Welenciej, 1024 Adams St., speeding; Kimberly S. McCalla, 2020 Commercial Ave., Mingo Junction, speeding and driving under suspension; Mary J. Hall, 4120 Washington St., Weirton, failure to maintain control and no operator's license after she struck a vehicle parked in the 1600 block of State Street.
Vandalism: Window broken in 1600 block of Ridge Avenue, Tuesday.
Vandalism: Tire slashed in 300 block of Braybarton Boulevard, Tuesday.
Theft: Purse stolen from locked car parked in garage at Trinity Medical Center East, Tuesday.
Theft: Nearly $2,500 in nine separate transactions reported missing from a Fairmont Avenue resident's bank account between Dec. 3, 2012, and Dec. 6, 2012.
Theft: DISH network cable box stolen from residence in 1300 block of Jefferson Street, Tuesday.
Jefferson County
Arrested: Mark Douglas Bensie, 52, 2662 Commercial Ave., Mingo Junction, domestic violence, possession of a weapon while under the influence of alcohol, and possession of drugs, pills believed to be hydrocodone, Tuesday.
Arrested: Chad A. Strope, 41, 71340 Grell Arms Drive, Martins Ferry, failure to appear, Tuesday.
Theft: Wallet taken from vehicle parked in driveway on Water Street in Richmond, Tuesday.
Dog bite: Individual on Island Creek Township Road 371, Toronto, reported being bit by a pit bull, Tuesday.
Mail tampering: Residents on Island Creek Township Road 382, Steubenville, told deputies someone is opening mail that contains identifying information, Tuesday.
Break-in: A resident on state Road 152, Toronto, interupted a burglary at a neighbor's home, forcing intruders to leave residence, Tuesday.
Brooke County sheriff
Arrested: John F. Davis, 45, 558 Hukill Run Road, Wellsburg, three counts of violation of a domestic violence protective order, Tuesday.
Cited: Raymond E. Dennis, 53, 1005 Second St., Brilliant, unsecure load; Megan E. Kubacko, 20, 160 Parkway Drive, Wellsburg, speeding; Thomas E. McGaughey, 44, 101 Fourth St., Follansbee, speeding; and Chelsey L. Johnson, 18, 130 Gilson Ave., Weirton, underage consumption. Three juveniles with Johnson also were charged with underage consumption but their names weren't released.
Theft: A home on McKims Ridge in Colliers was entered between 8:30 a.m. and 4:15 p.m. Monday and two televisions and a box containing jewelry were taken.


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6 Elaborate Science Experiments Done Just for the Hell of It
#3. "What Happens When We Make a Male Dolphin Live With a Human Female, and Also She Gives Him a Handjob?"
In 1965, dolphin researcher John C. Lilly and associates ran a 10-week study to see whether a dolphin could be taught some basic concepts underlying human language, like colors and numbers, via card games. It makes sense -- dolphins are really smart, so we should find out as much about them as we can. What better way to do that than to basically make a dolphin and a human of the opposite sex live together in a water house?
The idea was that the test subject, an adult male dolphin named Peter, would be isolated from his peers; the human chosen to live with him and teach him should be similarly isolated. A pretty undergraduate named Margaret Howe was chosen, and she and Peter would live in a house in which all the furniture was submerged or wet, so that Peter could come and go as he pleased. It was basically Big Brother or The Real World, and maybe could have been the plot of a Disney movie, had there been no bestiality involved.
"OK, whaddaya say we just keep the camera above water for a few minutes?"
For you see, Peter got the hots for Maggie.
At the beginning, Peter was a perfect gentleman about it, expressing his love with gifts of frozen fish. And at this point Maggie was nowhere near psychologically broken enough to take his expressions of love seriously. But Peter wasn't about to take no for an answer. He began to bite and bruise Margaret in an attempt to get her to comply with his sexual will. This disturbed the researchers just enough for them to start taking Peter on conjugal visits with members of his own species. It didn't work because, like the male lead of every romantic comedy ever, Peter the rape-dolphin proved his love by obsessing over his single unwilling target.
So, in order to get Peter to be a cooperative test subject for the study, Maggie consented to rubbing his penis with her foot and hand, in exchange for his participation in the various experiments.
"Nope, it's not working. You're gonna have to blow him. For science."
After the study concluded, Maggie wrote a bizarrely pornographic account of her time with Peter in which she talked about both how terrified she was of dolphin rape and how the masturbation thing was special but not kinky, since she also did it when other people watched. Because public sex acts and Stockholm syndrome are apparently fine if your partner is a dolphin.
Lilly, meanwhile, considered the study to be a success, since Peter had picked up some basic linguistic concepts. He never repeated the experiment, however, and instead found an innovative new angle: communing with dolphins via shared acid trips. It didn't do much for his scientific reputation.
But that hat did wonders for his reputation with the ladies.
#2. "Can Chimpanzees Recognize One Another Going Only by Their Asses?"
So earlier we had scientists who wanted to test turkeys' ability to get turned on purely by looking at a mate's head, and found that turkeys are incredibly stupid. Chimpanzees, of course, are considerably smarter, and as such, they tend to like asses. But how much? Clearly another experiment was in order.*
*No, they did not make a monkey have sex with a severed ass. We're telling you that right now so you won't be disappointed later.
"*Sigh* Fine, hand me the ass, but I'm just making it a quickie. I have feces to throw."
For researchers Frans de Waal and Jennifer Pokorny of the Yerkes National Primate Research Center, the first step was to photograph some chimp asses. They had to make sure the genitals were showing as well (you know, for the experiment). Then they sifted through the photos they took to make sure they had the clearest, best chimp ass shots, at which point they grabbed some friends of those chimps and forced them to look at the ass photos while screaming something like "RECOGNIZE THIS? WELL DO YOU?!?"
They totally did -- six different chimps were tested this way and they were (for the most part) able to say, "Yep, that's Steve's ass." The chimps couldn't talk, obviously -- they had a system worked out where the chimps had to match a photo of the ass to the face.
de Waal and Pokomy via Newscientist.com
"Oh, man, I know six chimps who could tell you who that is without even prompting them!"
This is apparently important, because the concept of "whole body integration" was thought to be something only humans were capable of (compare this to dogs who will snap at their own tail or -- and we can't repeat this enough -- turkeys who will hump a severed head on a stick). It seems like they could have proven the same point using photographs of hands, but we are not trained scientists.
#1. "What Facial Expression Will a Child Make When We Make Him Cut the Head Off of a Rat?"
In 1963, the social psychologist Stanley Milgram published a revolutionary study that helped fill in a small but vital piece of the Nazism puzzle when he showed how ordinary people would agree to do bizarre and unsettling things if they respected the authority of the person who issued the order. But if anybody had been paying attention, they would have known that there was already a study from the 1920s that proved a very similar point. The only difference was that the guy in the white lab coat who was issuing orders wasn't just pretending to be insane. He actually was.
The year was 1924, and the researcher in charge was a post-graduate student named Carney Landis. Being a lunatic, he was only interested in compliance to authority insofar as it involved convincing his test subjects to do disturbing shit so he could record their facial expressions.
"OK, here's your sled. You might want to take off that shirt."
Landis drew grid patterns on his subjects' faces and forced them to do a bunch of things they would find disgusting, like looking at pornography and touching frogs. For the final act, he gave them live white rats. Then he forced them to decapitate the rats while he photographed their faces. And the amazing thing? Two-thirds of his subjects willingly went along with the experiment, despite being clearly freaked out. For those who refused, Landis decapitated the rat for them.
From a facial-expressions point of view, Landis' findings were all but useless. All that Landis ended up discovering was that there's no single expression people will pull when they're disgusted or distressed. He did, however, capture a series of hilarious photographs:
Landis, C. (1924) Journal of Comparative Psychology.
Holy shit, that first guy looks like the end boss from a horror video game.
Wait, is that a kid? Yep, in photos 7 to 9. He was 13 years old and had been referred to Landis' laboratory for treatment after doctors suspected that his heart condition had a psychological component. Landis presumably wanted to see if, using the power of science, he could cause a random 13-year-old to grow up to be a serial killer.
For more ridiculous experiments, check out 5 Psychological Experiments That Prove Humanity is Doomed and 6 Most Badass Self-Inflicted Medical Experiments.
If you're pressed for time and just looking for a quick fix, then check out The 5 Most Baffling Genres of Romance Novel


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I heard that putting really warm food in the fridge right after cooking it is not the right thing to do. It might cause bacterial growth? Is this true?
Two problems:
I've always understood the problem to be that you're heating up the refrigerator, which may be unsafe for the other food in the fridge. For the food you're cooling, it's not a problem.
This is a myth left over from the days of iceboxes. Go to any official food safety resource online (including USDA, FDA, etc.), and you will find they are all in agreement: it's perfectly safe to put hot food in your refrigerator. In fact, unless you are using some more direct cooling method (like putting your food in an ice bath), waiting to refrigerate your food is often a health hazard.
See, for example, consumer recommendations at the FDA ("Despite what some people believe, putting hot food in the refrigerator doesn't harm the appliance."), FDA ("A lot of people think it will harm their refrigerator to put hot food inside--it's not true. It won't harm your refrigerator and it will keep your food--and you--safe."), USDA ("Hot food can be placed directly in the refrigerator or it can be rapidly chilled in an ice or cold water bath before refrigerating.") Similar advice can be found at other food safety sources: Washington State Department of Health (Under "Food Safety Myths": "FACT: Hot food can be placed in the refrigerator."), from the Partnership for Food Safety Education (Again, under a list of "myths": "Fact: Hot foods can be placed directly in the refrigerator."), from the Alaska Food Safety and Sanitation Program ("Myth #10 - 'I can't put hot food into the refrigerator. The food will spoil if I do.' -- The food will spoil if it is not quickly cooled! The leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States is improper cooling, such as leaving cooked foods at room temperature..."), the Florida Department of Health (again, from a "myths" list: "Hot food can be placed directly in the refrigerator if you divide large quantities into small, shallow containers."), etc., etc., etc. These are just a few links I found in the first couple pages of a search; there are obviously many more.
(IMPORTANT NOTE: Particular precautions should be taken for large quantities of food; see below for details.)
There are three common objections: (1) it will "overwork" the fridge, (2) it will heat up other food in the fridge to unsafe temperatures and cause it to spoil, and (3) somehow, the uneven cooling of the hot food in the container will cause it to spoil.
Let's take these each in turn.
(1) It will "overwork" the fridge -- False in most cases.
Lots of people worry about putting a quart or two of hot food in their fridge, but they wouldn't think anything of filling their fridges with multiple gallons of room temperature drinks (for example) to chill them, even if it might require the same amount of energy to cool. Anything that is above the temperature of the fridge will require energy to cool.
Now, if you plan on putting a very large amount of hot food into a small fridge all at the same time, it might strain the fridge. If you do it once in a while? Probably not an issue in a modern fridge, as long as it's not excessive. If you plan to do that on a regular basis, you should consider using ice baths or other cooling methods to pre-chill the food before putting it in the fridge.
It will cost more energy to cool hot foods in the fridge. If you are looking for the most energy-efficient method, it is probably to use a cold tap water bath, replacing the water a few times to bring down the temperature as fast as possible to room temperature. Then refrigerate. (Chilling with ice water is safer and faster, but it's not the most energy efficient, if that's your concern.)
Also, in most cases it probably makes sense to wait until the food actually gets into the "Danger Zone" (below 140F or so) before refrigerating; there's little safety benefit in putting a boiling pot directly into the fridge. Unless you're monitoring the temperature of your cooling food, though, it still is safest to move it to the fridge as soon as you can.
(2) It will heat up other food in the fridge to unsafe temperatures and cause it to spoil -- False in almost all cases.
This is the real myth that comes from the icebox theory. In an old icebox, you just had a block of ice, and no air circulation. If you put something hot in there, the ice would melt, the food wouldn't even get cool, and everything else would warm up and spoil.
That just doesn't happen in a modern fridge (as can be found out on reputable food safety websites, such as mentioned above). I've actually tested it myself. I once put a gallon of very hot soup in the fridge just to see what happened. I checked the fridge every 30 minutes or so by measuring surface temperatures of other foods with an infrared thermometer. My fridge is generally around 35-36F. There was one item which was almost touching the metal pot that maybe reached 44 or 45F for a short time -- above ideal refrigeration temperatures, but hardly enough to cause a lot of spoilage. All other items in the fridge -- even many on the same shelf -- stayed within a few degrees of the refrigerator temperature, 40F at the most.
And this wasn't in some fancy fridge: it was actually at least 10 years old and a rather cheap model. The air circulation is enough to keep most other foods cool, unless you're actually touching them to the hot container. The radiative heat coming off the hot container will raise stuff around it by a couple degrees for a couple hours, but in a fridge kept at a proper low temperature, this should not be an issue at all.
If you have a very old fridge that doesn't work properly, or some weird new fridge that is super energy-efficient and doesn't cool properly, you might have an issue. But for anyone with a normal modern fridge, this is not an issue.
EDIT: Another question was posed in response to my comment here, and I documented there a more detailed experiment I carried out by placing a gallon of boiling water directly into my home refrigerator (admittedly a newer model than in the last experiment). My results, in summary, were that even food items placed within a couple inches on the same shelf of the pot of boiling water were only heated by 3-4 degrees for a few hours. Other items in the fridge (on other shelves, etc.) barely changed temperature, moving maybe a degree or two at most. These temperature fluctuations might be a minor concern around highly perishable foods like raw meats, but it is probably common sense to keep raw meat away from hot food and warm food in general. Other items in a well-functioning modern refrigerator are unlikely to be negatively affected. (If you don't believe me, here's another documented similar experiment with a large hot cheesecake put directly into the fridge from the oven.)
(3) The uneven cooling of the hot food in the container will cause it to spoil -- Certainly false (compared to room temperature cooling).
In fact, leaving your container out on the counter at room temperature has a much, much, much higher probability of causing faster spoilage. With some dishes, it is actually quite irresponsible. There's a common belief that cooked food is "sterile," and by leaving it out with the lid on, it won't get contaminated. But there are a lot of microbes that produce spores which can even survive boiling or near-boiling temperatures. Many of them are kept at bay by competing with other microbes during the initial cooking phase, but after cooking, all that's usually left are nasty spores.
Rice, for example, is commonly infected with Bacillus cereus, which forms spores that aren't destroyed during normal rice cooking. Leave a rice dish out on the counter for too long, and you'll start growing a lot of that stuff, which can produce persistent toxins that won't be destroyed during reheating. This sort of thing is actually the cause of a lot of food poisoning from eating things like leftover Chinese food: if the rice was cooked earlier and not held above 140F, and then was allowed to sit in a take-out container for many hours, it could grow a lot of toxins. It's often more likely to get food poisoning from the leftover rice than from a lot of other dishes that might seem more "dangerous."
Rice and Bacillus cereus are just one example. You really want to get food down to refrigerator temperatures as quickly as possible after cooking. Don't just leave it on the counter.
If you have a large quantity of hot food, break it down into small containers, and then refrigerate (not all stacked together -- let air circulate around them). Or put your pot into an ice bath or cold water bath. Stirring periodically in an ice bath will make it cool even faster.
It's true that in a large pot of chili or something, the temperature of the center of the food will go down much more slowly and potentially could allow bacterial growth compared to outer layers. That's the reason that large pots of food should be broken down into small containers. But note that leaving a pot of chili out on the counter will make this bacterial growth even worse than if it is refrigerated immediately.
Even if you don't do any of these things and leave all the hot food in one large pot, it's still a safer strategy to put it directly into the fridge rather than leave it out on the counter at room temperature.
(Edit -- PLEASE NOTE: For large quantities of hot food, I am NOT advocating the practice of placing a large container in the refrigerator. It may take WAY too long for the large pot to cool completely, and the food in the large container may be unsafe to eat. Either break it down into smaller containers or use an ice bath. However, it's still unlikely to harm the food in the fridge or the fridge itself unless it's in direct contact with the hot container. And it's still safer than leaving the food on the counter to cool.)
If you want to cool food down quickly, just use a cold Bain Marie; Put cold water in the sink (for instance), add some ice, then add the pot you are trying to cool down. Stir.
You can keep on adding more ice as needed.
One thing still hasn't been mentioned here, and I think it's one of the most important points:
If you need to cool a very large quantity of a very hot food - for example, a fresh pot of stock - then putting it straight into the refrigerator is akin to leaving the refrigerator door open for an extended period of time. It will cause the motor to run constantly and can actually burn it out.
Even if it doesn't burn it out, it puts a lot of strain on the mechanical parts and will almost certainly shorten the refrigerator's life span.
This is, or should, be an equal concern to food safety. For smaller food items, it's really a non-issue on both fronts.
Earlier in life, I had the personal experience of cooking up a large batch (2 catering pans) of chicken and pasta in a cream sauce for a party. Once it was done, I put it into the basement fridge to cool overnight and keep until the party. Turns out that the fridge took so long to cool it down that the cream sauce went bad by the late morning. Not just "a little off" but completely spoiled so that it needed to be thrown out and our basement smelled horribly for a week.
As said in earlier comments, a large quantity of hot food in a fridge can take hours to cool down and can certainly spoil as quickly as overnight. There just isn't enough cool air circulating around a large batch of food to effectively cool it all the way through in a reasonable time.
In my particular case, and for any large batch of stir-able food, the right way to cool the dish would be to stir it with an ice paddle. In a pro kitchen, an ice paddle is a huge water filled stirrer that you keep frozen. When you have a large volume of hot food that needs to be cooled, you stir it with the ice paddle until the temperature comes down enough that it is safe to put the food in the fridge. All the melted water stays contained inside the paddle so the food cools down without being watered down.
I don't have a real ice paddle, so when I need to cool food that can be stirred I substitute a "cooler insert" for the ice paddle. Well, cooler insert probably isn't the real word for the thing, so let me describe it. It's a blue hard plastic container about the size and shape of a book and filled with water. The intended use it to put them in a picnic cooler to keep your food cool without getting it wet. You keep it in the freezer so it's frozen solid and ready to use as an ice pack or, in my case, a food cooling stirrer.
In a pinch, if you need to cool a tray of food or large pot of soup, you can seal up ice in a plastic bag. Carefully put the bag in your food and stir it frequently to distribute the heat through the dish. If you don't stir, the food away from the ice won't cool. The ice should melt inside the bag and the food should cool nicely. Once your food is cool enough, you can pluck out the bag.
Something I've found helpful when trying to cool off large quantities of soups or stews before refrigerating or freezing: pour into relatively large, flat containers, like roasting pans, to increase the surface area. Yes, it means more pans to wash, but it can reduce the cool-down time considerably. [If I'm going to be freezing the recipe I'll put the hot food into separate containers right away, as the smaller containers will also cool down more quickly than one big vat would.]
I've used ice baths in the past as well, but I like the suggestions to drop bagged or other containerized ice into the food directly to help cool it down; I'll vote that up, and will definitely try it in future!
I don't think it's a good idea to put piping hot food directly into the fridge. The danger zone for bacterial growth in food is between 41 and 135 degrees F. Putting very hot food in the fridge may bring foods that are close-by into the danger zone as others have said.
This PDF has some good resources about cooling food and some ideas for cooling it quickly.
I have repaired my fridge freezer twice and the cause of the breakdown has been the same each time; condensation rises and becomes trapped in the thermostat area (poor design maybe?) Then the end of the fridge thermostat (bare metal) rusts. Eventually the fridge breaks down and it has been the rusty thermostat each time, caused by moisture from condensation. I never put hot food in the fridge, maybe slightly warm though. If this causes such a problem, I hate to think of the damage steaming pots of food could do!
Most people are not treating this issue scientifically, including FDA. A dangerous zone of temperatures is a dangerous zone when the food has been explored to open air. If the food is sealed in an air-tight container when it is cooked in high temperature and remain sealed after cooking, it is a different story. Just like jams in a sealed can. Most western food were cooked in an open cookware or baked in open air. It needs to be ice bathed or put in a shallow container to be stored in a refrigerator. So it can be cooled down below 41 degree in one or two hours. But, if it is chicken soup or beef stew, or other boiled oriented food (definitely not the stir-fried food), it cannot be easily transported into shallow containers and cannot be easily cooled down in one or two hours in a home refrigerator. The old grandma way to keep it air-tight and leave the entire pot in room temperature overnight will be a smart practice. During the entire preparation and cool down process keep the cookware air-tight until it can be stored in a home refrigerator and easily cooled down to below 41 degree in 1-2 hours. FDA has failed to mentioned that. Grandmothers and several thousand years of cooking experiences have testified it: to open the cover and put a hot pot of chicken soup into a home refrigerator immediately after cooking is as dangerous as open the cover and leave it on counter top over several hours. Our experiences told us if we have opened the cookware after cooking, and store it into a refrigerator, the chicken soup will be spoiled for sure. Because the bacterials enjoy the environment of the pot in a home refrigerator for many hours in the temperatures within dagerous zone. It could be as long as 8-10 hours, for there is no way to cool it down under 41 degree in a mere 1-2 hours for a hot pot of chicken soup or beef stew in a home refrigerator. I suggest FDA revisit this issue, experiment it thoroughly, and give a solid scientific amendment to current guidelines.


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June 24, 2014
7 Free Winter School Holiday things to do with the kids in Cape Town
So, the winter school holidays are upon us and you're eager to treat your little ones but you're just too strapped for cash to do the big ticket activities? No need to worry, Mom and Dad, because there is plenty of a free thing to do with the kids in Cape Town.
From story-telling sessions for mini bookworms to picnics outdoors, there is so much to see and do without having to spend a cent in the child-loving Mother City.
Bundle up your young ones, brave the chilly weather and join us for these free winter school holiday things to do in Cape Town:
Go indoors:
Story telling at The Book Lounge
Once upon a time in The Book Lounge on Roeland Street in the creative City Centre…
This delightfully cosy bookstore hosts a free storytelling session every Saturday morning at 11h00. Adults can enjoy a cuppa at the coffee shop downstairs, while the kids take their minds on a journey through the fantasy world.
It's always a good idea to reserve your spot in advance since they fill up quite quickly.
Date: Saturdays
Location: 71 Roeland Street, Cape Town
Website: www.booklounge.co.za
Cape Town Central Library
Crafts, puzzle-building, games marathons, computer training sessions and story-telling await for your precious babes at the Cape Town Central Library this school holiday.
The best fun to be had indoors, the Library's three week long activities programme is the best stimulation on offer for bright little minds.
Date: Saturdays
Location: Old Drill Hall, Cnr. Parade & Darling Streets, Cape Town
Website: www.capetown.gov.za
Blue Route Mall
Keep the kids occupied while you enjoy some retail therapy with the Drop-n-Shop Zone at Blue Route Mall.
This feast of activities will keep kids in high spirits including a make-over station, face painting, appearances by KykNET's Tjiff en Tjaff cartoon characters and a live Jack & the Beanstalk show
Date: 28 June to 20 July
Location: 16 Tokai Road, Cnr Vans and Tokai Road, Tokai
Website: www.blueroutemall.co.za
Explore the outdoors:
On those rare, warmer winter's days in Cape Town, why not take the kids to the Green Point Urban Park for a tasty picnic and exploratory adventures?
This open and inviting space, welcomes family and friends of all ages. Ponds, free-roaming ducks, age-specific parks, outdoor gym equipment, and labelled gardens make for an adventurous and educational day out.
Pack in the tricycles, roller-skates and family dog for an exhilarating outdoor family experience.
Date: Daily
Location: Green Point
Website: www.gprra.co.za/green-point-urban-park.html
Give your mini daredevil the thrill of a lifetime, seeing the Noon Gun blast off up close on Signal Hill at midday.
With a short walk and history lesson about the Noon Gun, Cape Town's oldest living tradition, on offer too, this is a great informative and free experience for tiny school holidaymakers.
Date: Daily
Location: Signal Hill
Website: www.twitter.com/NoonGunCapeTown
With its endless grassy lawns, fish ponds, and squirrels, The Company's Garden is an adventurous play place for kids of all ages.
Kids will be able to brush up on their knowledge of trees and the historical monuments that can be found around the park.
They'll also be able to feed squirrels and maybe even catch a glimpse of the legendary albino squirrel.
Date: Daily
Location: 19 Queen Victoria Street
Website: www.capetown.gov.za
Kalk Bay, Hout Bay and Table Bay Harbours
Treat your little wanna-be Jack Sparrows to the incredible views and day to day operations of a working harbour in Kalk Bay, Hout Bay or Table Bay and let them marvel at the sights of big ships, seals, tug boats and fishing trawlers up close.
Date: Daily
Location: Kalk Bay, Hout Bay and V&A Waterfront
Website: www.capetown.gov.za
Keen to know what's on in Cape Town? Visit our Events page for daily listings.


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Is center of a fundamental group of finite volume-hyperbolic n-orbifold trivial? Is there a good reference that the proof is wriiten?
Any lattice in a hyperbolic space acts as a convergence group on the sphere at infinity. Thus it suffices to prove the following:
Lemma If $G$ has a minimal convergence group action on a set $S$ of cardinality $>2$ (e.g. a sphere), then any normal abelian subgroup $A$ of $G$ is finite.
Proof. If $A$ is infinite, then $A$ fixes one or two points of $S$, and this is the whole fixed point set of $A$. Now any group that contains $A$ as a normal subgroup must stabilize the fixed point set of $A$, but $G$ has a dense orbit in $S$, a contradiction.
Basic facts about convergence groups that were used above can be found e.g. in "Convergence groups and configuration spaces" by B.H. Bowditch available here.
Let $G$ be the fundamental group of your orbifold, and recall that $G$ is a lattice in the group of isometries of hyperbolic space. An element in the center of $G$ has to fix every fixed point of any loxodromic and any parabolic element of $G$. The fixed points of such elements are dense in the boundary at infinity of hyperbolic space (this is a consequence of the fact that the orbifold has finite volume, I think that a proof of this fact can be found in Ratcliffe's book, for example).
This implies that any element in the center of $G$ acts as the identity on the boundary of hyperbolic space, so the center of $G$ is trivial.
The center of your group $G$ has to be finite (since it is finitely generated, abelian, and has no element of infinite order -- if it did, the group would fail to be word-hyperbolic, since that element together with some other element of $G$ of infinite order would generate a $\mathbb{Z} \oplus \mathbb{Z}$). But now, Lemma 3.3 of http://arxiv.org/pdf/1106.4595 states that no discrete group of motions of an Hadamard manifold ($\mathbb{H}^n$ certainly qualifies) has a finite normal subgroup.
EDIT If the orbifold has cusps, and the center has an element of infinite order $\gamma,$ then all the elements of $G$ fix the fixed point (which has to be on the sphere at infinity) of $\gamma$ (since they all commute with $\gamma$) which contradicts the finite volume assumption. In fact, if $\gamma$ has finite order, it has a fixed point in $\mathbb{H}^n,$ that fixed point has to be fixed by every element of $G,$ and so $G$ is a subgroup of $SO(n)$ (and the quotient is, again, not finite volume) -- the argument before the edit is unnecessary, but is left there for historical reason.


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Shelter helps protect animals
May 12, 2013
To the editor: I am not affiliated with the Jefferson County Animal Shelter in any way except that within the last month I have had occasion to visit the facility several time....
On March 1, 2013 a transporter, who takes dogs from Jefferson Co. Animal Shelter to rescue groups, posted the following on her personal Facebook page (complete quote with the misspellings) "If I have any friends here who are willing to make phone calls to commissioners to stop a warden from putting down dogs when the pound isn't full (pound has capacity to hold 48 dogs and this warden kills when they are above 6-9 usually) please PM me for the info. Yesterday this warden killed a sweet little wiggle but pittie simply because he was in a bad mood and the dog was brought in by a local animal control person. He is out of control and must be stopped immediately."
The reason she transports dogs to rescues is to save them from danger of euthanasia.
Ms. Cheng and other posters on Facebook (rescue groups) share info on Facebook alerting other rescue organizations nearby to save those dogs. Otherwise the transporter would not be rescuing dogs. Dogs were in danger, not cats.
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The complaints and comments were directed towards the dog warden and his staff. There have been no issues about Cassie and the Humane Society volunteers. They keep that shelter going. Our stray cat population would have no where to go without them. I hope the commissioners and public keep their eyes on that warden and staff. I understand good changes are underway at the shelter.
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Maryjo: Yes, the initial post on Facebook that caught the attention of the commissioners as reported on TV and print was about the dog warden. The commissioners received phone calls, e-mail and letters. Some written documentation of personal experience complaints were even notarized. Commissioners never acknowledged these by returning phone calls or contacting the letter writers. So how are the commissioners addressing the issue of abuse in the same building the humane society is located? What charges have been filed based on an investigation? They know who made the claims and those are well documented. There's much more to surface.
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Justice for MEEKO! Raccoon put down because of this "Cassie" turning the lovable pet to the wildlife dept. You may praise her name now but wait until shes at your door with a notice to take away your pets.
1 Agrees | 3 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
KittensRus: My cat walked across my keyboard as I was posting that I AGREE with your post. Mouse moved while clicking and I ended up clicking that I disagree, which could not be any further of the truth. The humane officer did not serve warrant to enter the home. There are others with similar experiences.
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KittensRUs: I suppose you do not either realize nor care that it is illegal to own wild animals. That is what a raccoon is. The humane officer was following the law by calling the game warden in this instance. The blame does not lie with her; it lies with the person who tried to domesticate a wild animal by enclosing it in a cage as a "pet." Also most people realize the humane officer does not take away animals without just cause so as long as you are properly caring for your cats and dogs you have no reason to fear Ms. Howell. That is all.
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I take very good care of my one cat and dog but I still will never let her near them. With all the shady happenings in the news lately, I don't trust any of them.
2 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Thats funny 1st time I went out 2 adopt a dog there. I asked them 2 bath a dog covered in feces(feet,back legs) & was told they didn't have time 2 go somewhere else.When I went to that shelter told them what happened & got told 2 call back & go get the dog, its there job to bath it.I went back & was told to stop back next day. I did that and dog wasn't bathed so i offered and bill said i could as we walked to the front counter getting ready to go have me bath the dog she came out screaming at me & took the dog away.He changed his story to i never said you could have the dog or bath it. So how did I get the dog?Just walked back there & take it?I am fully capable of caring for animals. There was no reason for my mistreatment. The commissioners ignored me, did nothing! step to bath the dog she came out screaming and threatened me.I've saved animals all my life & never have done anything but love them.You call this person good?She is cruel as other crazy warden
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smittenkitten, if its so illegal then you tell me why a warden owns ***** and raises them and cassandra has no issues with her coworker raining *****.I had them as pets when a child becuse mother was run over and most loving funny animal ever saw. very smart and loving. Next yr she brought her babies back to my home to show me, then chattered and walked away.Shame on you for such inhumane thoughts of a precious animal! the only animal that should be charged are the killr wardens!Its called JAIL!
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ALso I saw the post from the transporter you mention in your may 12-13 post.I saw her comment regularly, mostly negative about them and asking for people to help with picking up or delivering animals.This is also what I saw whaen i visited went from 15 dogs, lunch came back and only 5 or 6 left. got told they were outside, went looked, none out there, uhm...guess they grew wings...
0 Agrees | 0 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
@ Animalsaver, I wish more people were like you to have the balls to say how you feel. Cassandra is not a good person and never will be. She is the meanest person you can speak to at that place and needs to be fired! I will never adopt or donate to that shelter again until she is gone. I wish more people would do the same but it will only hurt the animals in the long run. Thank you for speaking out about the bad and hopefully more people step out from the shadows and make the public know how bad this woman is treating people.
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Democrat appalled by abortion stance
Sharon Anderson, Wolcott
I am a registered Democrat who is horrified by the many Christians, including Catholics, who must have voted for a president who condones partial-birth abortion and taking away religious freedoms. By the sheer numbers of Democratic voters in Connecticut, it is obvious many Catholics voted for this. I am registered nurse, and the medical profession is supposed to stand for "do no harm." Yet we have doctors and nurses assisting in killing viable infants who otherwise would be born at full term in a few weeks. I wonder how many of the Catholics who voted for this administration will go to Church and take communion on Sundays. I think it will be many and I can only hope they say a prayer for all the infants that will never have a chance because of their vote.
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KITTY wrote on Nov 14, 2012 4:34 PM:
" You should be a republican .......they are in keeping with your view on abortion.......you should not be a democrat....... "
No_Blinders_On_These_Eyes wrote on Nov 15, 2012 1:07 AM:
" Well well well. Kitty, having made known your political and philosophical affiliation from your previous postings, you are a true democrat. The self-righteous kind that espouses tolerance and choice, for those of other persuasions, and has deceived themselves into believing that's what the democratic party is really about, but in reality does not practice what they preach. True, Ms. Anderson should be a Republican, as all thinkers are. But she is probably happy to be a democrat, and like the rest of us, ashamed that the democratic party has reached such a despicable low. How truly small your tent is, Kitty. "
KITTY wrote on Nov 15, 2012 12:39 PM:
" All I said was she should be with a party that espouses her values...I respect her right to have any belief she chooses but to belong to the party of her beliefs as i do.......Row v wade has been the law of the land for the 39 years and will remain that way.....1.5 percent of abortions are partial birth abortions and are done to save the life of the mother........My tent is not small at all....the republican tent is getting smaller by the day...........By the way I do not love abortion ......i think it should be done as a last resort.... "
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More stories from Letters
- Our children will curse us for our choices on Nov. 6
- Democrat appalled by abortion stance
- Americans submit to full control by the U.S. government
- Letter exposes delusional nature of Obama backers
- Obama belongs among the panoply of great presidents
- Voters showed they fear GOP more than their government
- Last thing kids need is another day off from learning
- Roosevelt official understood danger of high taxes, debt
- NAACP branch's problems need not have been aired
- Republicans losing their connection to the voting public


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The New Cook (Paperback)
Whether you are a beginner, an occasional cook or an accomplished one, The New Cook will guide and inspire you to create great food without fuss. Begin with the basics if your kitchen confidence needs a boost or go straight to the easy-to-follow recipes to make a new kind of meal where the approach is simple, the ingredients are fresh and the flavors are unforgettable. Complicated, time-consuming recipes and hard-to-get ingredients will become a thing of the past when The New Cook takes over your kitchen.
About the Author
At the age of eight, DONNA HAY skipped into a kitchen, picked up a mixing bowl and never looked back. She moved to the world of magazine test kitchens and publishing, where she established her trademark style of simple, smart and seasonal recipes all elegantly put together and photographed. Hers is food for every cook, every food lover, every day and every occasion. Her unique style turned her into an international food-publishing phenomenon as a bestselling author of sixteen cookbooks, publisher of Donna Hay Magazine, newspaper columnist and creator of a homewares and food range. Visit her online at www.donnayhay.com.au.


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I just had this idea that I could use Google Talk much like a dictaphone, by chatting with myself. This way I could log random little notes and have them turn up when I do a search in Gmail.
However, you can't actually chat with yourself in Google Talk. Is there some way around this?


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Benefit dinner
set for Sunday
Agape Apostolic Assembly will hold a fundraising dinner to benefit the Agape Homeless Shelter Renovation Fund at 2:30 p.m. Sunday at the church's dining hall located at 525 Slack St., Steubenville.
The theme is "Sharing Our Love," and Laura Meeks, Eastern Gateway Community College president, is the guest speaker.
The shelter is located at 510-512 South St., Steubenville.
Tickets are available for a $25 donation. They can be purchased by calling the church at (740) 283-1677 or Roberta Jordan at (740) 424-1152.
Elder Robert Montgomery is the pastor.
Country Friends host Stone Street
Country Friends will host Stone Street Station Saturday at the Memorial Hall located at 402 Old Police Lodge Road, Colliers.
The doors open at 6 p.m., and the dance begins at 7 p.m.
Country Friends host covered-dish dinners and open mic nights every Monday and Friday. The doors open at 4 p.m., the meal begins at 5 p.m., and open mic begins at 6 p.m.
Country Friends Foundation Inc. is a nonprofit organization dedicated to promoting Christianity, friendship and brotherly love through music. All proceeds go to charity.
For information, call (304) 527-4253 or (304) 479-1270 or visit the website at www.countryfriendsfoundation.com.
Heather Twig
fundraiser set
The Heather Twig of the Trinity Health System Foundation is organizing a wine and beer tasting to benefit Trinity Health System Breast Services.
It will be held March 1 from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m. at the Steubenville Country Club. Tickets are $30 per person. The evening will include prizes and refreshments. For information, visit www.heathertwig.com
Dinner to benefit
historical society
The Carroll County Historical Society will host a pork and sauerkraut dinner at the Algonquin Mill dining hall from 3:30 p.m. to 6 p.m. March 3.
The all-you-can-eat dinner will feature local pork and the society's "famous homemade sauerkraut," mashed potatoes, bread, applesauce, cake and beverage. The cost is $8 for ages 13 and up and $4 for those age 6 to 12. Children under 6 eat for free.
Because of limited seating, tickets for the dinner are available through pre-sale only as well as carryout orders.
The deadline for ticket purchases is Feb. 26.
For tickets, contact the historical society at (330) 627-5910.
The dining hall is located on state Route 332, 5 miles south of the square in Carrollton.


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Storms that are moving through Kentucky are dropping significant rainfall, but lack the punch that was earlier expected.
National Weather Service forecaster Robin Smith in Paducah said early Thursday that there had been no reports of severe weather in Kentucky.
While rainfall reports were still coming into the forecast office, Smith said amounts up to 1 1/2 inches would be common in western Kentucky.
The storm system slowed down over Missouri and its late arrival in western Kentucky helped keep down the potential for violent weather.
Smith said that without daytime heating to energize them, the storms became mostly a rain event. No flash flood watches were posted in Kentucky, however.


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Area residents will have the chance to remember one of the greatest athletes to ever come from Steubenville Saturday.
That's when the film "The Crash" is shown at 1 p.m. in the Steubenville High School auditorium. The Canadian documentary tells the story of Calvin Jones. A 1952 graduate of Steubenville High School, Jones went on to star at the University of Iowa and earn a spot with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League.
Sadly, he lost his life on Dec. 9, 1956, when a plane he was a passenger on crashed in the Canadian Rockies.
The film was shown earlier this year on Canada's TSN cable sports network as part of an eight-film series commemorating the 100th anniversary of the Grey Cup, the CFL's equivalent to the National Football League's Lombardi Trophy.
While Paul Cowan and Infield Fly Productions are responsible for the film, Steubenville's Patti West, the niece of Jones, was instrumental in finding local residents who knew her uncle when he was growing up. The film also allowed Jones' son, Edwin Harrison I, and his son, Edwin "Boomer" Harrison II, to visit Steubenville for the first time and connect with family members they had never met.
Jones remains one of the greatest football players not only of his generation, but of the all time. The lineman won varsity letters at Iowa in 1953, 1954 and 1955. In 1955, he became the first African-American to win the Outland Trophy, presented annually to the country's best lineman.
He became the first African-American to appear on the cover of Sports Illustrated magazine. Mark Kaufman's iconic photograph of Jones graced the cover the Sept. 27, 1954, edition. The magazine also named him as one of 50 Greatest Sports Figures from Ohio in its Dec. 27, 1999, edition.
Jones was one of three great athletes who made the trip from Steubenville to play at the University of Iowa in the 1950s. Stars in their own right, Frank Gilliam went on to become the longtime director of player personnel for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League, while the late Edward "Punkin" Vincent served as mayor of Inglewood, Calif., and in the California Senate.
Following the screening of the film, a reception will be held in the commons area that will include discussions about Jones and the role he played in Big Red athletics.
We hope area residents will take advantage of the opportunity to view the film and participate in the discussions. By doing so, they will ensure that the story of Jones and his success will continue to be shared by future generations.


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- Optimize strength
$45.99Goal Club Members
$41.39138Goal Club Points
Finally, the complete guide to Functional Movement Evaluation and Correction! This DVD will teach you a systematic approach to identifying the functional needs of your athletes. Once identified, it takes you through a simple progression that is designed to correct imbalances by implementing individual programs with your athletes. Each area is addressed at the beginner, transitional and advanced levels of development. Excellent instruction! 80 minutes.
Lamentamos que todavia no hay descripción en español para este producto.


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Leather Care
Protect your tack and make it shine. Our selection of leather care products can help restore old leather to make it look like new again, while keeping new leather in excellent condition. From saddle soap and leather cleaner to conditioner and oil, you've come to the right place. We have the leather care products you need to keep your tack in tip top shape. Stock up on saddle soap, leather cleaner, leather conditioner, leather oil, grip spray and even leather punches to help your tack look and function its best.


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In Fairfax County Virginia, what is the minimum distance that an outlet must be from a shower in the bathroom? Does the minimum distance change if it is GFI outlet?
It must be GFCI (2009 residential codes, chapter 29):
VA building codes are online: http://www.ecodes.biz/ecodes_support/Free_Resources/Virginia2009/09Residential/09Residential_main.html
I can't say specifically for Fairfax County, VA (you could contact your local building department).
This website (http://www.ezdiyelectricity.com/?p=29) seems to indicate that as long as it is not in the "wet zone", basically inside the shower or tub space, it should be OK. They also say that a receptacle within 3 feet of a sink should be GFCI, it is not clear to me if that would apply to tubs/showers too (but it seems like it might be a good idea).
I think NEC requires that any outlet in a bathroom should be GFCI protected in any case. But I don't think there's any rule regarding minimum distance.


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Hello Alter Bridge Nation,
We are excited to be able to let all of our Australian fans know that we will be rocking with you in early 2012 at the Soundwave Festival! And before anybody asks... YES! ... the promoter has told us there will be a few side-shows as well!
We will let you know more information once the promoters announce the festival. Until then, know this... we are coming in early 2012, Australia!
Keep rocking,
Alter Bridge


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I want to replace the folders in my
home/ directory with symlinks to folders in another location, but I want to retain the folder emblems without having to go searching for them. How do I do this?
To illustrate what I'm asking, the directories in the home folder have nice emblems that look like this:
If I just delete this folder and replace it with a symlink the music emblem is lost and replaced by a link emblem.
I want it to have have both the music emblem and the symlink emblem, like this:
Preferably I'd like to be able to do this without having to manually hunt down and set the icon for the folder (but a good answer explaining how to do so would be upvoted as a good alternative).


text: BLUE MOON BEADS Royal Boheme. Exotic and spirited this is a sophisticated collection of jewelry making essentials. Natural stones; woven accents and rich metals reflect the global and exotic influences throughout this collection. Choose from a luxurious assortment of pendants; colorful beads; connectors and unusual stones and charms to create glamorous eccentric accessories that will be uniquely you! This package contains one pendant. Shape; size; finish and material(s) the pendant is made of varies by design. Imported.


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Flintstones - The Complete Series - 24-Disc DVD for $69.99
Launched as an animated version of THE HONEYMOONERS, Hanna-Barbera's cartoon classic THE FLINTSTONES is family entertainment at its finest. From the town of Bedrock, modern Stone-Age couple Fred and Wilma Flintstone and their goofy best-friend neighbors Barney and Betty Rubble comically trudge through prehistoric daily lives populated by animals-cum-household-appliances with refreshingly sophisticated zaniness and humor. Meanwhile, the Flintstones' affectionate pet dinosaur, Dino, and daughter, Pebbles--not to mention the Rubbles' club-wielding infant Bamm Bamm--cause plenty of havoc in a prehistoric world that's seen through a 1960s lens. This collection includes all 166 episodes of the animated sitcom's six seasons. Yabba dabba doo!
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yabba dabba dooooo!!! this deal is good for youuuuu!!!
Not sure if they are included in this DVD set, but be sure to check out the hilariously wrong Flintstones' early commercials for Winston Cigarettes, the show's first-season sponsor:


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The June 2006 issue of Environment & Climate News features a devastating critique, by Marlo Lewis of the Competitive Enterprise Institute, of Time magazine's special climate change issue. Lewis concludes, "Whatever science may discover about climate change in the future, this much is clear: Global warming politics have produced a meltdown of journalistic standards at Time magazine."
Page 1 of this issue highlights Oregon's plan to adopt California auto emission standards, growing support for nuclear power, tax hikes for "green" city buildings in Missouri, and Ohio's efforts to streamline its toxic emission standards.
Also in this issue: ethanol, DDT, windfall profits, air pollution, the Northeast regional greenhouse gas initiative, an award for "Dr. Doom," and more.
Heartland Science Director Jay Lehr reviews Chew on This, "a must-read for all those who really care about our food supply, really care about our nation's economic system, and wish to see how a book can attempt to destroy them both."
Newspaper Articles in this Issue
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What makes people feel they have to figure it all out? How can someone strengthen their spirituality through contemplation while avoiding a desire to try to understand everything?
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- Anybody can answer
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Note: This answer was written before the OP was edited. A more direct answer is marked below, the following is build-up.
The Psalms are a great place to go for this. Psalm 143:5 says
A few verses down David implores God:
He's meditating on God's actions and word, but he's still asking God to teach him. He's marveling, wondering, thinking upon the truths of God's covenant with him and Israel, but he certainly doesn't have it figured out.
Also, by technical definition, contemplate does not mean comprehend
Additionally, the Bible talks numerous times of the mystery of God's nature and plan...
So don't worry! You don't have to figure it all out. It's quite mysterious and amazing, but, we can learn. After all, we've been given the entire Bible to study.
Also, we're going to be in heaven for eternity learning about God. If it takes an eternity to learn about God, don't worry that you don't understand it all right now.
How to stop trying to figure it all out
This borders on a pastoral concern, naturally, but I think we can take cues from the verses cited above. In my experience a good attitude is to
Why would you not want to figure it all out? Sure, you won't succeed. I don't suppose that you or I will completely understand life, the universe, and everything. Certainly not in this life, maybe or maybe not in eternity. (I'd guess no, but that's another subject.)
I want to be realistic in the sense that I'm not going to get frustrated when I fail to achieve an impossible goal. But if we don't set lofty goals, what will we strive for?
If we aim for the stars, we might at least reach the planets.


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Just curious. The title says it all: Why is Perl installed by default with most Linux distributions?
The answer is/isn't sexy, depending on your point of view.
Perl is very useful. Lots of the system utilities are written in or depend on perl. Most systems won't operate properly if Perl is uninstalled.
A few years ago FreeBSD went through a lot of effort to remove Perl as a dependency for the base system. It wasn't an easy task.
In Larry Wall's original Perl v1.0 posting to the comp.sources.misc newsgroup on December 18, 1987, he said:
In a much later exposition, he elaborated a little more:
Today, Perl is a standard alternative/replacement for shell-scripting and text parsing needs, and with much more power than the traditional tools. Because of it's extreme (some would say inelegant) flexibility, Perl has been described as "the Swiss Army chainsaw of scripting languages". Tasks can often be significantly shorter, easier, or more extensible when solved with Perl. Many, many system tools, scripts and larger programs are routinely written in Perl. So in the modern Linux environment, Perl is now another standard Unix tool, and truly indispensable.
I think the answer to this question is in part historic, in part practical.
As for the history, Perl is a classy language. It is more classy than Python (not to mention PHP), although I have no idea what is "better" (if that could somehow be formally analyzed, which I doubt). And the classy guys who are using (or used) Perl are typically the guys deciding what should be part of a Linux distro.
As for what is practical, Perl is still the glue of a lot of things: OSs and the web alike (again, LAMP, not forgetting either Python or PHP). So why not include anything that is useful for a lot of purposes? And even more so, why remove anything that is there (and doesn't cause any harm), and is useful?
But, as it happens, there is a note on this in the most recent issue of The Linux Magazine (#151, June 2013). Apparently, in order to compile the Linux kernel a couple of short and simple Perl scripts are employed. (Again, the "glue" role of Perl in OSs.) Now, one of the kernel developers has been submitting patches of a re-write of those scripts, this time not in Perl, but as "Unix shell scripts" (is that
Now, this only touches the fringes of this question as probably a very small minority of Linux users are likely to compile the kernel. But it is yet another piece of the puzzle (and I suspect there are many).


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Ham shoot scheduled today
BLOOMINGDALE - The Jefferson County Sportsmen's Club will host its annual Easter Shoot at 11 a.m. today. Events will include trap shoots and luck shoots. The public is invited.
Football moms to meet
STEUBENVILLE - The Big Red Football Mothers will meet at 6 p.m. today in the Harding Middle School cafeteria. Future freshman, sophomore, junior and senior football parents and cheerleader parents are invited to attend.
Officers for the 2013 season will be elected. Also on the agenda will be concession stand for track meets. Football mom's and dad's work to provide food, drinks and equipment needed for the teams. Please plan to attend.
Tigers to hold sign-ups
STEUBENVILLE?- The Steubenville Tigers will hold football sign-ups for players ages 6-13 from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. April 6 at the Martin Luther King Recreation Center and from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. April 13 at the Greater Zion Temple Church.
For information, contact Melvin Creech at (740) 792-0360 or at firstname.lastname@example.com.
PAC to meet
STEUBENVILLE - The Polish Athletic Club will meet at 8 p.m. Thursday in the clubhouse. Changes to the constitution may be submitted at the meeting and must be submitted before the meerting.
The PAC Easter egg hunt will be at 11 .m. Saturday in the clubhouse.
FUS softball drops two
STEUBENVILLE - The Franciscan University of Steubenville's softball team dropped a doubleheader to visiting St. Vincent College Saturday, 7-3 and 8-4.
"I am happy with the way they played. I think they played like a team," head coach Jen Parker said. "They are getting better at communicating with each other and knowing where the plays need to be made."
Freshman Molly Clarahan had a two-RBI single in the fourth in the first game.
Freshman Hayley Wesselman had a two-RBI single in the third in the second contest.
The Barons visit Penn State-Beaver for a doubleheader today at 1 p.m.
Lacrosse defeated at home
STEUBENVILLE - The Franciscan University of Steubenville women's lacrosse team lost at home to Medaille College Saturday, 21-2.
"I'm very pleased with the intensity," FUS head coach Maura Conant said. "Everyone played 100% the whole time."
Magdalena Munoz and Lauren Noce scored for the Barons.
The Lady Barons visit St. Vincent College at 4 p.m. Monday.
Men's lacrosse loses
STEUBENVILLE - The Franciscan University of Steubenville men's lacrosse team lost at home to Medaille College Saturday, 25-1.
"It's a learning process," Head Coach Pete Rosaschi said. "We just could not put it all together today."
Freshman Sebastian Olsen scored the Barons' lone goal.
After allowing five unanswered points in the first quarter, freshman middie Sebastin Olsen scored Franciscan's only point. The Barons went down 18-1 at halftime but were able to tighten up their defense in the second half, only allowing seven goals.
FUS hosts Hilbert College at 3 p.m. today.
Villa Angela-St. Joseph beats Leipsic
COLUMBUS - Duane Gibson Jr. led five Cleveland Villa Angela-St. Joseph scorers in double figures with 22 points as the Vikings pulled away in the second half for an 87-63 victory against Leipsic in the Division IV final of the boys' state tournament at Ohio State's Value City Arena.
VA-SJ won its fifth title Saturday, the first since a stretch of four titles in five years ended in1995.
Leipsic (25-5), who last appeared in the tournament in 1925, trailed 44-39 five minutes into the third quarter before Villa Angela-St. Joseph went on a 26-11 run to lead 70-50 with six minutes left in the game.
Brian Parker and Demonte Flannigan had 15 points, Simon Texidor 11 and Carlton Bragg 10 for VASJ.
Ottawa-Glandorf defeats Versailles
COLUMBUS - T.J. Metzger tied the all-divisions record for three pointers in a championship game with nine and equaled the Division III scoring record with 36 points to lead Ottawa-Glandorf to a 67-46 victory against Versailles at the boys' state tournament at Ohio State Value City Arena on Saturday.
The Associated Press Division III first team All-Ohio selection was 11 for 17 from the floor, including 9 for 14 on three pointers, to tie the mark for treys set by Lima Senior's Demond Lyles in 1992.
Metzger went to the bench with 2:06 to play, having equaled the 36 points by J.T. Hoyng of Sparta Highland in 1998 as the Titans (26-3) won their first title since 2008 and third overall.
Kyle Ahrens had 12 points for Versailles (23-6).
Watterson knocks off Akron SVSM
COLUMBUS - Cody Calhoun and Matt Hughes each had 14 points as Columbus Bishop Watterson defeated Akron St. Vincent-St. Mary 55-52 in the Division II final of the boys' state tournament at Ohio State's Value City Arena on Saturday.
Calhoun made two free throws in the final 40 seconds to put the Eagles up 54-52 and Tommy Geraghty added a foul shot with 11.7 seconds to play.
St. Vincent-St. Mary (20-10) went for the tie with four seconds left. But Fransohn Bickley missed a three-pointer. Teammate Nick Wells got the rebound, but Andy Grieser grabbed the ball as he tried to set up another try from beyond the arc. Watterson (28-1) won the title in its first trip to the tournament.
Jalen Hudson had 17 points for SVSM.
Mentor stops Toledo Rogers, 76-67
COLUMBUS - Caleb Potter had 24 points and Mentor used a dominating third quarter to defeat Toledo Rogers 76-67 in the Division I final of the boys state tournament at Ohio State's Value City Arena on Saturday.
Each team was seeking a first title. Rogers (21-8) was runner-up in 2011, while Mentor played in its first championship game. Mentor beat undefeated Columbus Northland in the semifinals on Friday.
Mentor (25-5) trailed 37-34 at halftime but used a 16-0 run to outscore the Ram 29-9 in the third quarter to take a 63-46 lead.
Rogers got to within eight with 42 seconds left.
Jeff Foreman had 19 points and Connor Krizancic added 16 for Mentor.
Rogers' Devonte Pratt scored 21 of his 23 points in the first half.
Crutchfield wins award
KANSAS CITY, Mo. - West Liberty University head basketball coach Jim Crutchfield was named Atlantic District Coach of the Year for the third consecutive season and Hilltopper senior Alex Falk earned first-team honors on Friday when the National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC) announced its 2012-13 All-District Teams.
The Hilltoppers capped their run to an unprecedented third consecutive Atlantic Region championship earlier this week with an 86-63 rout of No. 10-ranked Indiana (Pa.) in the regional title tilt. In his ninth season at the West Liberty helm, the five-time WVIAC Coach of the Year has the highest career winning percentage of any NCAA men's coach (240-44,.845).


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STEUBENVILLE - It took Fred Heatherington and his Big Red baseball staff more than three hours to get Vacarro Field ready for Division II Sectional play Saturday.
His team didn't need nearly that long to pass its first tournament test.
Playing well in all phases, Big Red eliminated Meadowbrook 11-0 in Saturday's opener, which ended after 4 innings. With the "mercy" win, Heatherington's club improves to 17-8 and will test Edison Monday at 5 p.m.
Article Photos
Mike Mathison
SATURDAY BASEBALL — Steubenville Big Red's Matt Petrella heads back to the dugout after scoring in the fourth inning of Saturday's 11-0 win over Meadowbrook at Vaccaro Field in sectional tournament play. Looking on is teammate Pat Pizzoferrato.
"We played well all the way around," Heatherington said. "We hit the ball and we pitched real well. Our pitchers worked fast, mixed it up and threw strikes. The base running was good even though the field was a little sloppy."
Justin Corsi started on the bump for the Big Red and earned the victory. He went three innings, allowed two hits and fanned three. Matt Petrella took over in the fourth, surrendering one single and recording two strikeouts. Neither hurler issued a walk.
The defense, particularly shortstop Bryan Pierro, made several nifty plays and failed to commit an error.
Fact Box
Big Red 11, Meadowbrook 0
Meadowbrook 000 00 - 0 3 3
Big Red 142 4x - 11 8 0
MEADOWBROOK (2-21): Adamik (LP, 5BB, 2K) Clendenning (2, 1BB, 0K) and Quinn. May S; Gadd S; Wiggins S.
STEUBENVILLE (17-8): Corsi (WP, 0BB, 3K) Petrella (4, 0BB, 2K) and McClurg. Pierro D, S, RBI; Linn 2S, 3RBI; Petrella T; Corsi RBI; Pizzoferrato S; McClurg S; Herrington T, RBI.
"When pitchers can work fast and throw strikes, the defense is on its toes and ready to play," Heatherington noted. "That's what happened today and our guys made some plays."
Big Red plated a single run in the first (Pierro leading off with a double to center and scoring on a John Linn base knock) and added four in the second.
Linn delivered a two-run single and Pierro collected an RBI with his second hit of the game.
Lucas Herrington accounted for Big Red's two tallies in the third. His triple to right-center scored Kai McClurg, who drew a walk. A Meadowbrook throwing error allowed Herrington to make it 7-0 Big Red.
Petrella's three-bagger to center got the Red rolling in the fourth. He scored via a Corsi sacrifice fly.
Pat Pizzoferrato singled with two outs then moved to second when Anthony Zorne drew a walk.
They both scored when Herrington reached on an error. Another Colt fielding miscue, this time on a grounder off the bat of Mason Heatherington, allowed Herrington to touch home with the game's final run.
Evan Adamik started on the hill for Meadowbrook, which finished 2-21, and was tagged with the loss. Austin Clendenning took over in the second.
Pierro and Linn both had two hits to pace Big Red.
"It was a good way to get tournament play started," Heatherington said. "Now we have Edison on Monday and we'll see what happens."


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- Articles
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Welcome to the online home of Tim Challies, blogger, author, and book reviewer.
Trending Topics
Weekend A La Carte (9/29)
September 29, 2012
The One True God - Paul Washer's book The One True God is available in the Kindle edition for $2.99. "The One True God is a unique kind of workbook, intending not just to teach truth but to lead to an encounter with the living God. Beneath that goal the book aims to ground believers in orthodox Christian theology and the actual contents of the Bible. Students are encouraged to thoughtfully draw conclusions from the Scriptures rather than to merely absorb the principles, inferences, and illustrations set before them by the author."
You, Your Family and the Internet - Also, the Kindle edition of You, Your Family and the Internet is free on Kindle this weekend only. Here's a blurb I wrote when it was released: "Much has been written about living as Christians in this digital world; much more will be written in the days and years to come. The unique strength of David Clark's contribution is in his application of key biblical principles that will guide our use of these technologies and inform our dedication to them."
American Men Don't Sing - "Alistair Begg recently spoke at Western Seminary. And just before he got into his sermon, he went on a fascinating little digression about the fact that American men don't sing during worship. It's not just that we can't sing, but that we don't."
Responding to "Fetal Flaw" - "Bob Horning is not just the father of Krista Horning and a member at Bethlehem Baptist Church, he also holds a Ph.D. in physics and works as a scientist for Honeywell in Minnesota. I asked him to take a look at an article in Slate.com, which argued that new technologies are a problem for those of us who hold to the view of unborn life being precious."
The Peril That Lurks in Success - "We are never more vulnerable to sin than when we are successful, admired by others, and prosperous." King David discovered this and Jon Bloom offers his take on how David might have thought about it a year later.
What Pastors Won't Hear - Mike offers a list of things pastor aren't going to hear in heaven. Example: "I wish you'd have done funnier skits in our worship service."
Very Little Stars - Go full-screen and HD with this one if you can.
The Christian who has stopped repenting has stopped growing. —A.W. Pink
In lieu of a comments section, I accept and encourage letters to the editor.
If you would like to write a letter to the editor, you can do so here.


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I have the problem that Ubuntu doesn't load the splash screen anymore (after upgrading from 10.10 to 11.04). After the Grub-bootloader, it takes a few seconds to load and then the monitor turns black.
I already tried to boot from a Ubuntu Live CD, but the result was the same error. Furthermore I tried to start the protected mode, but it freezes just after showing me menu.
Do you have any solutions for this? And is it possible to switch from Grub to the Ubuntu console?


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Perhaps it's just that I have small hands (e.g. index finger is barely longer than the 12th fret), but I seem to have issues with barring; no matter what I do it seems there is a string that's right on a finger joint and gives a dull note instead of ringing out. What can I do to ensure more consistent tone from all strings when barring without having to take a moment to readjust every time?
Well, don't let lousy sounding barre chords stop you from playing them anyways. After getting your action adjusted by a pro, the next step is just to keep playing them and let your fingers get strong, and find their place. IE, where do I need to put the pressure, and where do I do not.
Alternatively, you might look into a guitar with a smaller neck width, or do what I did, and switch to an hollow bodied electric, specifically a Gretsch. For the first time, playing thru an amp, I could hear each string, which made me want to play those cool sounding 7ths and m7th's, and it was much easier to fret than my acoustic or my other electric. I strung the action really low.
But after getting my fingers stronger and more comfortable with the barres on the Gretsch, it is now easier to play them on the other guitars, too. It takes time, tho.
One vital bit of advice that I wish I had years ago..
Its possible to barre all of the strings with very little strength, it can be achieved with technique alone. First, press your index finger against the strings, but keep it relatively relaxed. Strum the strings and you will probably find that the top and bottom strings ring but the middle strings are muted. This is because of the way our fingers naturally bend when relaxed.
Now, from that same position, bring the elbow of your fretting arm towards your ribs, allowing your index finger to roll slightly so that the side of the finger is pressed against the fret board. Strum the strings again, and you should find that the strings ring out more and the tension in your hand is no greater than the first time.
A common mistake, and its the one that I made too, is that the thumb provides the force required to press on the strings when really it should be just there to steady your hand. The power should come from your arm, which is much stronger.
There's some good advice in todd's answer. My experience with your particular complaint about the gap in the finger joint is that it went away with time. I too used to never be able to barre without there being at least one string that would find its way into a notch in my finger.
While hand strength and the action on the guitar were important, I also learned that the practice itself of barring generates a callus right on that joint. This has the natural effect of filling in the space, and voila, the problem solved itself over time.
Just keep at it!
Practice, practice and more practice. I've always had pretty small hands myself. Full on Barre chords (as opposed to 3 note power chords) were a real pain for me when I was starting out. As with anything, the more you do it, the easier it becomes.
I agree, action setup - the distance of the strings from the fretboard - for your hands is crucial. Also, play with different string gauges to find the one that works best for you.
The technical purists will probably read me the riot act, but I think everyone needs to adapt to what works for them. Ultimately this is about bringing out your magic and if you can't because you're not comfortable, what's the point? There are lots of technically great players, but lots of them have no feel.
I have small hands and have to compensate. With regard to Barre chords, I primarily get the "F" chord figure, for example, in place and then worry about the Barre factor - the bass note. Some people will use their thumb to cover the bass note.
Pick muting can help too. Pluck the bass note first, then mute across the "A' string and then strum the rest of the chord.
Lastly, you can shift the weight of your hand as needed rather than trying to hold the full chord tightly.
Keep at it - it will get easier!
Great advice in other answers already. My four main points about effective barre chords are:
As other answers have pointed out, positioning is the key thing. This allows pressure to be effectively applied where needed, and so less pressure to be used overall, leading to less fatigue and better tone.
Not much more I can add but I'll try:
After you get your action adjusted if needed, start by just barring with your index finger and make sure all the notes ring out clearly. Then add each note one at a time making sure each one rings out clearly. Barr chords can be uncomfortable at first. We all went through it, and yes it can hurt, and notes get muffled, or make some weird buzzy noise, but each time you do it you'll get better at it. Also, try just holding the chord. don't strum, just hold it. By doing this you're building the muscle memory in your hands, and this will help in the long run. remember that term "long run" that's what we usually strive for when learning guitar. Unless your a prodigy, then you'll have to work at it for some time before you're recording albums and signing autographs. =-)


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1952 Mercury French Headlight Adjustments - A New Trick For The Old FrenchWritten by on April 1, 2010 How To Properly Adjust Frenched Headlights The Old-School Way
Like most old-school custom techniques, headlight frenching used to be a quick and dirty job. The stock headlights were installed from behind the fender and, if they were adjusted at all, the headlights had to be removed to access the adjuster screws.
Once the '52 Mercury was introduced, customizers began using its ring and bezel to sink the headlight bulbs further into the fender, but they still didn't spend much time accounting for the adjusting process. There are a few methods for adjusting the bulbs from the front with the '52-54 Merc rings and bezels, but they require the rings to be screwed in from the front side, leaving the screw heads visible.
These days, there are plenty of ways to french headlights, including quite a few varieties of kits available to complete the job. Some of these methods, including the Hagan kit featured here in Rod & Custom a while back, provide access to the adjuster screws from the front by using a removable bezel, but the look is quite modern compared to the older methods.
Here, we have presented a very simple and effective way of adjusting frenched headlights from behind the fender. This method provides a way of frenching headlights the old-school way, without sinking them back into the fender, while still maintaining a relatively simple and functional adjusting system.
We used a stock pair of GM truck rings and buckets on a '49 Chevy pickup. Of course, there are subtle differences between different car manufacturers, but the general concept and modifications can be used on most headlights of the same style.
More Photos From This Article View Slideshow
This job is very simple. All you need, in addition to the headlight bucket and assembly, are two long 1/4-inch screws and un-plated hex nuts (that is assuming that most headlight assemblies have two adjusters rather than three. These GM buckets, like Ford, have two adjusters per headlight).The first step is to completely disassemble the headlight assembly. We removed the retainer rings and bulbs, and then turned the adjuster screws out.The adjuster screws work against the tension of (usually) one or two springs on the opposite side of the headlight bucket. Once you turn them out far enough, you can unhook them and remove the entire bulb holder.Once the bulb holders and adjusters are removed, the small captive adjuster nut can also be removed. We will replace these with hex nuts on the rear of the bucket.In order to drill a hole for the new adjuster screws, center-punch the bucket on the opposite side of the original captive adjuster nut that we just removed.You will be able to tell if the punch mark is properly located by making sure it lines up with the original adjuster nut holder on the front side of the bucket (arrow).Once you're sure the new adjuster screw hole is properly located, drill a 5/16 hole. This will allow some play for the 1/4-inch adjuster screws.
Since we are using 1/4-inch screws to adjust the headlights, we have to file the original adjuster notches to accommodate the screws. File these until the screw fits loosely in the notch.Since we need to weld new adjuster nuts onto the original bulb holder, we have to prepare the surface for a proper weld. Unlike bead-blasting, muriatic acid dissolves zinc plating rapidly. Use gloves and a respirator if you don't have a hazmat suit handy.Use smaller 1/4-inch screws to hold the hex nuts in place on the bulb holder. Since the adjuster screws will be installed from behind the bucket, we welded the nuts to the front of the bulb holders.At this point, you can reassemble the entire headlight bucket to make sure everything fits and lines up properly.Depending on the shape of your headlight bucket, you will need around 2-inch-long screws for your new adjusters. Here, we made sure that each of the adjuster screws was perfectly lined up and straight in the bucket.This is what you will see from the back side of the fender. We used button-head Allen screws, but any style screw will work, including standard hex-head bolts. The washers account for any slop in the bucket hole and ensure a smooth turn of the adjuster screws.
With the bucket mounted in the fender, you can see that besides the fact that you will have to reach up under the fender, this method requires no disassembly; just turn the new adjusters in or out for proper adjustment.Our headlight ring isn't yet welded to the fender, but you can see here that our headlights will be frenched the early way, without the bulb being recessed into the fender at all.


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Jacqueline Johnston weds Ryan Mulhern
|Wedding, Jacqueline Johnston and Ryan Mulhern
Jacqueline Johnston and Ryan Mulhern were married June 22 in Basilica of Immaculate Conception Church in Waterbury, by Rev. John Bevins. A reception followed at the Aqua Turf.
The bride is the daughter of Mark and Cathy Johnston of Waterbury and the granddaughter of the late Mr. and Mrs. James Sullivan and the late Mr. and Mrs. John Johnston.
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Geneseo junior Matthew Bower from Fillmore, N.Y., was part of a team that created a smartphone app that won second place in an international competition focused on sustainability. (Keith Walters photo)
GENESEO, N.Y. - For Geneseo junior Matthew Bower and his teammates from two other colleges, sustainability is a cause for action, and the team created an idea for a smart phone app that has won second place in an international competition and seed money to further develop the product.
Bower and his two fellow team members from the University of Pennsylvania and Essex County College in New Jersey excelled at the 4th Athgo Global Innovation Forum in Washington, D. C., sponsored by Athgo and the World Bank Speakers Bureau. Athgo is a non-profit organization whose mission is to empower young people aged 18-32 to develop business plans for ventures that are profitable, socially beneficial and environmentally friendly. One hundred students from 30 countries formed 12 teams to participate in the competition to create small, green-technology commercial plans.
The team's app is called emPower, a mobile application for a smart phone that targets the residential consumer in the United States. The app would allow consumers to track energy usage holistically and for individual appliances, allowing them to turn individual appliances on and off on the go.
"I wasn't that familiar with the business and marketing side of sustainability and this competition greatly enhanced my awareness," said Bower, a psychology major from Fillmore, N.Y. "I was my team's representative and gained experience marketing our product in front of an expert panel of nine CEOs in less than three minutes and then answering questions from the panel for five minutes."
The panel awarded Bower's team second place and $2,000 in seed money to further develop the product. The team will receive the funds after it documents the creation of its company.
"It's very exciting that we now have the opportunity to develop our app," said Bower. "Sustainability holds great potential for business success."
Bower said the connections he made at the Athgo competition will benefit his team greatly as they create their business and will help him personally as he brings into sharper focus his career path related to sustainability, which will likely include graduate school. He was able to interact with chief executive officers of companies focused on the environment and also met Nobel Laureate Mohammad Yunus, a Bangladeshi economist and founder of the Grameen Bank.
Bower got interested in environmental issues and sustainability after joining the social psychology research team under Geneseo psychology professor James Allen. Bower also is an Edgar Fellow, among 125 in the Geneseo honors program.
"Matt is a great student and is involved in my research projects doing analyses of personality characteristics that contribute to environmentally friendly behavior," said Allen. "He is highly capable, a hard worker and very good at finding worthy opportunities," said Allen.
Bower has become a strong sustainability advocate on campus. He is a resident assistant in the college's EcoHouse, a residence hall community that focuses on issues of sustainability and social justice. He also is vice chair of the college's activities commission; president of Amnesty International student organization on campus; and is an active member of the National Residence Hall Honorary and Alpha Phi Omega, the co-ed service organization. He also sits on the board of directors of Livingston CARES, the college-community organization dedicated to assisting communities in humanitarian projects such as hurricane disaster relief.
"Geneseo definitely provided the opportunity for me to participate in the Athgo Forum, which has turned into a significant event in my college career," said Bower. "Plus, the knowledge I gained about sustainability will help support our environmental programming on campus this year."
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PHILADELPHIA (January 23, 2013)—Former Killeen resident Linda Weston, 52, is one of five people charged in a case in which mentally disabled adults were held in the basement of a Philadelphia home as part of an alleged Social Security fraud scheme, federal prosecutors announced Wednesday.
Federal prosecutors unsealed an indictment Wednesday against Weston, the alleged ringleader, and the four others that alleges Weston and her associates carried out a racketeering enterprise in which mentally disabled victims were targeted as part of a scheme to steal their Social Security disability payments.
It also alleges Weston's scheme of confinement and abuse caused the deaths of two victims.
Charges include hate crimes, kidnapping, murder in aid of racketeering, theft from government and other counts.
The indictment names Weston, her daughter and two others.
It also names a fifth defendant, Nicklaus Woodard, 26, of West Palm Beach, Fla.
Weston earlier pleaded not guilty to related state charges.
Prosecutors said it's the first time the federal hate crimes statute has been used to protect the disabled.
Weston, who, the Philadelphia Inquirer earlier reported, spent eight years in prison for the starvation death of a man held in the closet of her North Philadelphia apartment in 1981, once lived in Killeen.
Online records show that Weston was arrested in 2008 in Bell County on a bad check charge and that the charge was dismissed after restitution was paid.
She was living at a Killeen address at the time, the records show.