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I used Shimano cycling sandals during the summer months here in the Chicago, Illinois area. I'm wondering if I can use these during the cold winter months also or if different shoes are required. In favor of continuing to use the sandals, I could add SealSkinz and/or wool sock layers as the sandals are expandable. Other than looking strange in the winter, are there problems with doing this? What other winter cycling footwear should be considered?
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I go through 3 different types of shoes as the seasons change:
For cold weather, you not only need to be comfortable while pedaling on your bike, but also confident off your bike. Lightweight hiking boots, with windproofing, waterproofing, and breathable layers, not only keep your feet happy while pealing but also let you feel like a mountain goat when you put your foot down in the slush at a stop light, or dismount on top of ice, or have to portage down wet stairs. Trail running shoes with these attributes are also a great choice if you want something even lighter and without the additional ankle support.
As others mention, wool/smartwool socks and switching to platform/toe clip/half-clips on your pedals are both good changes in addition to changing up your footwear. My winter setup is smartwool socks, size 13 light hiking boots from North Face and Velo Orange half-clips.
I haven't tried it myself, but according to the quite informative ICEBIKE website, sandals with layers of socks, including breathable waterproof ones, works quite well.
Personally, I just wear boots, and use toe clips or bare platforms depending on the size of the boots.
In the winter I wear neoprene overshoes/galoshes. (Some kind of socks on the outside of my shoes):
These are not intended for walking. They wear very much, and the nose slides up, even after a few steps. The bottom is open, so you can use your SPD or other clickless pedals. But while cycling they keep your foot dry and warm. And they protect your shoes from dirt and mud.
In the autumn and winter, I always wear them for "sport cycling" (mtb, road). I wished they were around when used to cycle to school (20 km through open terrain).
I have done the sandals and socks through the winter, living in Minnesota. I usually would wear 3 layers of wool socks. When it was wet, I'd put a plastic bag between the outermost sock and the next one in. It worked very well and my feet were never cold.
There are companies that make specialized products for the socks with sandals in the wintertime though.
You sure do look kinda funny when you do that though.
Living here in Southern California doesn't make me the best judge of "wet and cold" cycling gear, but I have had a few experiences in heavy downpours. Being low on a budget, I find that it's often easy enough to slip a plastic bag over my socks and then lacing up my shoes, but there is a serious lack of style there, not to mention that your feet can't breath. I have found a better alternative to keeping my feet dry regardless of what shoes I happen to wear, but it requires a little bit of work. I happen to be lucky enough to own one of those wooden shoe inserts that help retain the shoes' shape. Anyhow, through layering plastic bags and ironing them together, I was able to make a thicker "fabric" of sorts which was molded to the shape of the inside of my shoe. I also made some that fit over the shoe, and it has done an incredibly good job at keeping my feet dry, on a low budget, with minimal weight increase. Another solution which works quite well are neoprene socks which you can wear directly over your feet, or over a few layers of socks. While they are a little pricey, it helps your feet breath and keeps the cold water out. And while I have not tried it myself, I hear that shoe covers work just as nicely. There are many winter foot wear options so I thought I'd list a few.
I've been using Lake's winter biking shoe for many years. The latest model (MXZ302) is absolutely superb. They fixed the main problem the shoe had which was the escape of heat through the cleat. Now with the latest MXZ302, two inner wool sock layers, and an external booty (of any brand) I can ride in temps down to -15 (minus fifteen) celsius (I think that's about 5 degrees farenheit) without frozen toes. And I have chronic low blood pressure which causes my feet and fingers to go numb easily.
Now, if I could only fix the frozen finger issue...
I've got some "toe warmer" type things that slip over the front of my cycling shoes. Has an opening in them to go around the clipping mechanism. Works surprisingly well. I go cycling in the snow with them, but have not gone out in days colder than upper 20's (F).
In the winter I use Shimano MT60 MTB shoes - really comfy, gore-tex, warm and you can run cross-country in them with a bike on your shoulder. They were fine down to -20 Centigrade last winter.
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Call for Nominations: Oracle Excellence Awards for Oracle Fusion Middleware Innovation 2013
By Dana Singleterry-Oracle on Apr 09, 2013
Oracle is pleased to announce the call for nominations
for the 2013 Oracle Excellence Awards for Oracle Fusion Middleware Innovation. Are you using Oracle Fusion Middleware to deliver unique business value? If so, submit a nomination today for the Oracle Excellence Awards for Oracle Fusion Middleware Innovation. These awards honor customers for their cutting-edge solutions using Oracle Fusion Middleware. Winners are selected based on the uniqueness of their business case, business benefits, level of impact relative to the size of the organization, complexity and magnitude of implementation, and the originality of architecture. Winners receive a free pass to Oracle OpenWorld 2013 in San Francisco (September 22-September 26) and will be honored during a special event at OpenWorld.
This year, the awards will recognize customers across eight distinct categories:
- Oracle Exalogic Elastic Cloud
- Oracle Cloud Application Foundation
- Oracle Service-Oriented Architecture & Business Process Management
- Oracle WebCenter
- Oracle Identity Management
- Oracle Data Integration
- Oracle Application Development Framework and Fusion Development
- Business Analytics (Oracle BI, Oracle EPM, Oracle Exalytics)
If you consider yourself a pioneer, using these solutions in innovative ways to achieve significant business value, submit your nomination for the 2013 Oracle Excellence Awards for Oracle Fusion Middleware Innovation by Tuesday, June 18th, 2013 at 5pm Pacifict Time, for a chance to win a FREE registration to Oracle OpenWorld 2013 in San Francisco, California. The awards will be presented during Oracle OpenWorld 2013 to the winners where they'll receive a Oracle Fusion Middleware Innovation Trophy, get a chance to mingle with Oracle executives, network with their peers and be featured in Oracle Magazine and/or Profit Magazine, and more.To be considered for this award, complete the Oracle Fusion Middleware Innovation Awards nomination form and send to firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Puerto Rican nationalist sentenced to 5 years in Wells Fargo robbery
By MICHAEL MELIA Associated Press
Not a subscriber? You can purchase a single-day subscription for only $0.75 to read this and access all of our content and our E-Edition. CLICK HERE purchase a single day subscription.
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WAJDA, Edward John, 74, of Weirton, passed away Tuesday, October 23, 2012, in the Weirton Geriatric Center.
Born May 25, 1938, in Weirton, he was the son of the late John and Laura Sudol Wajda. He was also preceded in death by his granddaughter, Caitlyn Wajda.
With over 43 years of service, Mr. Wajda retired from Weirton Steel where he worked as a recorder in the Hot Mill. He was a member of St. Joseph the Worker Roman Catholic Church and the WSX 25-Year Club. He also served in the U.S. Army Reserves.
Mr. Wajda is survived by his wife, Carol Burkle Wajda of Weirton, whom he married April 27, 1963; sons, Jeff Wajda and his wife, Sheila of Bloomingdale, OH, Scott Wajda and his wife, Diana of Mandeville, LA and Steve Wajda and his wife, Kim of Oviedo, FL; daughter, Stacy Amaismeier and her husband, Joe of Hopedale, OH; brother Paul Vida of Weirton; sisters, Wanda Williams of Follansbee, WV, Irene Richards, Janet Bryant, both of Weirton and Antonette Carozza of Columbus, OH; and grandchildren, Olivia, Will, Zach, Grant, Alleigh, Chase, Leah and Ellah.
The visitation celebration will be Sunday 1-3 p.m. A memorial service will follow at 3:30 p.m. at the Greco-Hertnick Funeral Home, 3219 Main Street, Weirton.
Memorial contributions may be made to Indian Creek High School Band.
Share tributes and memories at www.grecohertnick.com


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Probably done countless times before but I'm bored.
They're going to be even hotter when they grow up.
"MMM" @ top left pic.
Such a stupid fucking show, though.
too old
Every dude in this thread except me
I don't need to imagine
Is there any situation you can't find an appropriate Dragonball (Z) gif for?
"My cat just died"
oh shit yeah there is.
How about "blow it out your ass"?
GENTLEMEN, PREPARE YOUR PALMS. I give you: Jennifer Swift, aka "Ms. Tapout"
I like to call women like this "knuckle biters," because when I see them I go like this:
knuckle on, knuckle biters.


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A new interview with Java Champion Cay Horstmann, now up on otn/java, titled "Diving into Scala: A Conversation with Java Champion Cay Horstmann," explores Horstmann's ideas about Scala as reflected in his much lauded new book, Scala for the Impatient. None other than Martin Odersky, the inventor of Scala, called it "a joy to read" and the "best introduction to Scala". Odersky was so enthused by the book that he asked Horstmann if the first section could be made available as a free download on the Typesafe Website, something Horstmann graciously assented to.
Horstmann acknowledges that some aspects of Scala are very complex, but he encourages developers to simply stay away from those parts of the language. He points to several ways Java developers can benefit from Scala:
"For example," he says, " you can write classes with less boilerplate, file and XML handling is more concise, and you can replace tedious loops over collections with more elegant constructs. Typically, programmers at this level report that they write about half the number of lines of code in Scala that they would in Java, and that's nothing to sneeze at. Another entry point can be if you want to use a Scala-based framework such as Akka or Play; you can use these with Java, but the Scala API is more enjoyable. "
Horstmann observes that developers can do fine with Scala without grasping the theory behind it. He argues that most of us learn best through examples and not through trying to comprehend abstract theories. He also believes that Scala is the most attractive choice for developers who want to move beyond Java and C++. When asked about other choices, he comments:
"Clojure is pretty nice, but I found its Lisp syntax a bit off-putting, and it seems very focused on software transactional memory, which isn't all that useful to me. And it's not statically typed. I wanted to like Groovy, but it really bothers me that the semantics seems under-defined and in flux. And it's not statically typed. Yes, there is Groovy++, but that's in even sketchier shape.
There are a couple of contenders such as Kotlin and Ceylon, but so far they aren't real.
So, if you want to do work with a statically typed language on the JVM that exists today, Scala is simply the pragmatic choice. It's a good thing that it's such a nice choice."
Learn more about Scala by going to the interview here.


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Does anyone know how good of a TV this Vizio is?
We are considering buying this TV http://www.vizio.com/led-lcd-hdtvs/xvt373sv.html to replace our old tube tv that doesn't always turn on. For the price and features, this Vizio seems to be the best deal. I know that Vizio isn't quite up there with the top brands, but I've heard a lot of good about them. Does anyone have any experience with this TV in particular? Any pros or cons would be appreciated.
20 Answers answer
i bought a LCD Vizio (not led though) a few months ago and so far I am very satisfied
I owned that brand before and had nothing but positive things. I bought the t.v. off of woot last year. It was an LED and worked wonderfully. I ended up selling it five months later for the same price I had bought it.
I am very happy with my Vizio TV. I've owned it since November and have had zero problems.
@meyerk0, @natedogg828, @xarous: thanks for the good report. Do any of y'all have the 37" LED?
@gewoodworth: I had the 32" led 120hz fantastic telly for the price.
@xarous: great! Now all I have to do is finish saving up for it.
@gewoodworth: That TV is very good. It has a somewhat metallic aftertaste but you really get the good crystal flavor up front. Those were the two things I really noticed about the taste. Other than that it's just about as palatable as your average flat-panel TV.
@gewoodworth: sorry, 42" LCD 120hz
Samsung > all other TVs
@iggz: yeah, I know they're great TVs, along with a couple other brands, but they cost about $100-200 more than vizio when similarly equipped.
I don't know about the specific model you are looking at, but I have been happy with Vizio. I have several Vizio televisions and monitors (including some refurbs) and have been happy with them. One seems to get good bang for the buck with Vizio.
@gewoodworth: I just purchased almost the same tv a few weeks ago, but with a few variations. I got the 42" LED LCD from Costco (I posted it on deals.woot, but let me know if you can't find it on my posts). The TV that I got was $10 cheaper, but it was bigger and didn't have the web capabilities. Rather than spend another $200 - $300 for WIFI, I dropped $100 on a Sony Bluray (also Costco) and now I get Netflix, Pandora, etc through the Bluray player. All said and done, my purchase was $90 more but I got a bluray player, a bigger tv, and an extra year on the warranty (courtesy of Costco).
The tv is great. My wife had complaints about the picture quality/color, but it was really just a matter of getting used to such a crisp picture and the higher refresh rate. Our old tv was a 37" 720p 60hz Magnavox, and this is a huge step up.
@murph929: Great suggestion. I hadn't thought about getting a blu-ray that has the same internet features... I'll have to look around at those.
Had a Vizio for years before I made the switch to Samsung. They have quality TVs and great prices. Side note, their virtual surround sound bar and sub woofer are sweet, still use it with my current setup
I would not be afraid of Vizio. I have 3 a 32" 720 plasma 3 yrs old, a 32" 720p lcd just over a year old, and a 47" lcd 120hz 1080p I got at Christmas time. All are great tvs. Great bang for the buck.
I Love my Visio. A lot of people talk about "The Visio Pop of Death" and thats what happens if you complete the following steps often:
1. Locate your TV in an enclosed space with little to no breathing room for ventilation.
2. Leave your TV Playing for exceptionally long periods of time.
3. dont consider these factors anyways when placing your TV.
I'd say give it some breathing room and you're great with any Visio. Like I said I love mine, I got it last August a 32" LCD and Its great. Your Link looks like a sick TV too.
I have one in a larger size it's rated at a lower end of tv's but I have found that the colors are great and have not had any trouble with it.Love it.
My son has one, my daughter and mother we all love them.I would definitely buy Vizio again.
I purchased a Vizio TV and within 30 days the coler would go out for a few seconds on come back. Took the TV back and exchanged it for another Vizio and within two days the coler would go out again. So took that one back and now am purchasing a Sony. Didn't want to try for the 3rd time.
bought an LED Razor vizio 26'' TV that use as TV and Monitor and must say that it beats my 55'' inch Sam ToC. It works great as a monitor and with a click I'm watching TV without even getting up. Plus for $69.99 divided into 3 equal payments i bought an extra 2 year warranty from vizio.com. Now I'm covered for 3 years! Sweettt!!!
I have bought te 32'' from walmart last tear in October, it is now December 2012 and the damn thing will not turn on. I tried to reset it and that did not work. I am in the process of taking it to a TV repair man but, this crappy town I live in doesn't have one so I have to drive 140 miles to see one. I put my 52'' inch samsung up in place of the visio and the color wheel busted a day later. Anyways, the point is, I bougt the Visio with the insurance and a month later when the warranty expired the TV breaks. I bought the Visio TV because it was cheap and actuallyhad a really good picture. But, Visio is only sold in Walmart affiliated stores so they might as well put GREAT VALUE on it stead of Visio


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Converse Chuck Taylor Cut Away Women's Sandal
Now, you can wear your favorite timeless sneaker all year round. The original Chuck Taylor has been reduced to the vucanized sole and 1/3 of the upper, leaving only the midfoot to be covered with the lightweight canvas material.
- Converse Chuck Taylor slip on sandal


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- Binding: Hardcover
- Era: 20th Century
- Number of Pages: 480
- Subject: World War II
- Date Available: January 2012
Your tax-deductible gift to the Naval Institute Press underwrites worthy books that might not otherwise be published.
During WWII over 250 Allied warships from a dozen navies were sunk by German U-boats. This groundbreaking study of 110 vessels provides a detailed analysis of every sinking for which source material survives from both the Allied and German sides. Representing the first large-scale publication of U-boat war diaries in any language, the book offers a wealth of new information, including the circumstances of the sinkings, the technical environment, and the fate of the crews.
Daniel Morgan is a professional translator from a naval family. Bruce Taylor is the author of The Battlecruiser HMS Hood: An Illustrated Biography, 1916–1941. Morgan lives in England, Taylor lives in Los Angeles.
Praise for U-Boat Attack Logs
"In all I found this to be a highly enjoyable and beautifully laid out book. The authors have demonstrated a mastery of the primary source material from all sides of the conflict and have presented it in a way that will appeal to the professional as well as the amateur reader. This is perhaps one of the first books I've seen from these publishers and I'm very impressed. Very highly recommended."
— Starshell, Spring 2012


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Please enter a maximum of 5 recipients. Use ; to separate more than one email address.
| Beck, R., Aspen Technology Inc., Burlington, Massachusetts; Ajikutira, D., Aspen Technology Inc., Burlington, Massachusetts; Herrmann, L., Aspen Technology Inc., Burlington, Massachusetts; Ye, V. , Aspen Technology Inc., Burlington, Massachusetts
Several improvements are on the horizon, which will add powerful optimization capabilities into the process modeler's simulation work space in areas like heat integration, column optimization and economics.
[process modeling]
[heat exchangers]
[engineering & design]
[modeling ]
Refining operations continue to be a crucial but challenging
element in the petroleum value chain; critical to the ability
to bring hydrocarbons to market, but, in many instances, still
a challenge in terms of attaining targeted levels of
profitability. Fortunately, there have been rapid innovations
and advances in several of the key enabling modeling
technologies that contribute to the ability to react to
technical and business changes. There are more innovations on
the horizon. Refinery assets and operations are in the midst of
an evolution, both in terms of the worldwide distribution and
age of refining capacity, and the demand
for flexibility in crude selection and product portfolios.
Software innovations discussed here fall into four general
groups. One area of innovation is the workflow and usability of
sophisticated refinery modeling tools. Increasingly,
high-fidelity models are being used for refinery operation, planning, maintenance, cost feasibility and
troubleshooting. The importance of these developments cannot be
understated as a new generation of engineers enters the
A second area involves breakthroughs in the integration of models that enable
optimization and improvement on a refinery-wide basis, such as
heat integration, energy savings and
capacity improvement. A third area involves advances in
underlying science and methods, including improved molecular
modeling and better statistical models to characterize and
represent properties of crude oil, and transparent reactor
models that provide rapid updating of planning models. A final
and increasingly important advance encompasses new usability
paradigms that provide mobile access to all plant models and
data anytime, anywhere.
The business result of the above advances is a significantly
improved ability of the organization to respond to crude
selection and product contract opportunities, reduction in
energy consumption, and improved sustainability and control. These
are the requirements of the next generation of refineries.
Process modeling systems that can represent, characterize,
model and optimize refineries involve considerable complexity
of functionality, tools, options and reporting capabilities. As
the functionality of these models increased over the past 15
years, the usability of the modeling systems did not improve at
a parallel pace, and, in many cases, it became problematic.
Over the past year, in-depth analyses of how a modeler
builds and employs a refinery simulation model has led to more
easily accessed models, more easily understood interfaces and
improved workflows.1 Fig. 1 shows a
stylized program ribbon as implemented for properties analysis
and for simulation modeling.
Fig. 1. Ribbon bars for
physical properties and simulation modes characterize
the new generation of process modeling tools.
Refineries have an ongoing focus on reducing their energy
footprint by optimizing energy use through operating,
equipment, maintenance and
process-configuration strategies. The use of more rigorous
models for heat exchangers, and the embedding of those models
within the refining simulation model, have
proven to be an important step for making refineries more
energy efficient. By modeling heat exchangers more accurately,
process design optimization can be less conservative, making
the process more profitable. Early identification of structural
challenges, such as vibration or fluid momentum (Rho
V2) problems, means a shorter cycle from conception
to feed.
Rigorous models also calculate pressure drops that help
design related equipment, such as pumps. These rigorous
modeling results are used to plan the upgrading or
reconfiguring of heat exchangers as a method of utilizing
energy more efficiently and to ensure that the selected
exchanger configurations are optimal for the conditions under
which they will operate.
A full geometric predesign of heat exchangers and
incorporation of the exchanger in the simulation is now
possible. This has resulted in engineers, equipment designers
and operators having early and greater fidelity in examining
the impact of design and operations decisions on heat use in
the plant.
Another important aspect of heat exchanger design that
relates to energy efficiency, as well as to efficient
operation, is equipment fouling. Rigorous heat exchanger models
can be used to calculate fouling resistance. This provides
operating benefits because, as fouling increases, equipment
throughput sharply decreases, creating serious efficiency
issues, as shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Example of
impact of fouling on refinery
furnace systems.
This heat exchanger modeling for fouling was used by a major
chemicals producer and refiner when modeling a heat exchanger
train. The refinery was experiencing significant increases in
operating costs because of heat exchanger fouling. The lack of
a rigorous model meant that the refiner was unable to
accurately calculate the fouling of single exchangers, as well
as the entire train, and it had no means to estimate output
temperature increases after the train was cleaned. With a
rigorous model, the company was able to accurately model the
fouling and determine how often the heat exchangers needed to
be cleaned for optimal operation. The profit resulting from
those improvements alone is estimated at between $1.5 million
(MM)/yr and $2 MM/yr.2
In most geographies, the selection of crude oils available
as refinery inputs has widened, introducing more operating
choices. Crude oils are complex mixtures, and, depending on
where the crude is sourced, they can vary greatly in
composition. Due to the large number of different hydrocarbon molecules that can be present
in petroleum, it is infeasible to fully define the composition
of the mixture. However, each crude oil type has unique
molecular and chemical characteristics, so an assay is used to
evaluate the properties of the petroleum and obtain data to
characterize crude oil feeds. By characterizing these assays,
refiners can see whether a specific crude oil feedstock is compatible with a
particular petroleum refinery or if it will cause quality,
yield, economic or environmental issues.
Evaluations are costly and tedious, and they result in a
limited set of property measurements for the crude. Thus,
statistical extrapolation and interpolation, as well as
estimation methods, are used to predict missing properties for
refinery planning and process
These statistical methods have been used extensively in the
industry, but the limited assay data makes precise fitting
difficult, which can result in incorrect characterizations that
will impact the accuracy of the model. Modelers must take
advantage of special factors or handles provided by traditional
assay characterization tools to ensure that the results are
correct and lead to realistic modeling outcomes. Recent
research has focused on improving such tools to more fully
incorporate the engineering knowledge of the problem, with the
goal of better results.
Traditional analytical approaches suffer from extrapolation
limitations, depending on the assay data available. With the
selection of crudes on the market becoming heavier, the need
for a new and fundamentally better methodology for crude assays
is more important than ever.
An exciting new innovation, molecule-based characterization,
offers the strongest scientific basis for the prediction of
crude oil properties, as it bases its calculations on the
chemical compositions of the hydrocarbon constituent molecules
and on accurate molecular thermodynamic models for hydrocarbon
This approach to crude characterization has, as a basis, the
principle that all hydrocarbon molecules can be constructed
from a set of different structural segments, which can be
described as a specific structural combination of carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, nitrogen
and oxygen atoms. By modeling the complex hydrocarbons in the
crude oil as a series of repeating molecular segments, the
assay characterization has significantly improved accuracy,
especially for heavier and increasingly varied crudes, such as
high-sulfur oil. Refiners and planners are better able to
estimate the properties of the crude oil feedstock, which results in more
accurate reaction modeling.
Furthermore, using the same, improved assay characterization
method for both the simulation model of the refinery and
reactors, and the planning model for refinery operations, leads
to overall improvements in the ability to make economically
optimized decisions and to successfully predict refinery
conditions and performance.
The improvements seen in modeling software in recent years
have been especially remarkable in the reactor design area.
These rigorous reactor models have accounted for significantly
more accurate determinations of equipment operations and easier
identification of possible optimizations.
In addition, whereas before it was necessary to model these
reactors separately and modify connecting streams by hand, it
is now possible to model them in one integrated
flowsheet.4 This advancement has become more
significant as more reactors are added to refineries, since it
enables modeling of the interactions between reactors to better
understand and optimize the process.
The increase in the number of reactors is due primarily to
the availability of heavier crudes. To keep up with this trend,
modeling software has focused on expanding the properties
available to model heavy crudes and, therefore, improve their
reaction modeling, as mentioned in the previous section.
To make the use of heavier crudes more economically
feasible, refineries have been adding cracking units to break
the heavier crudes into simpler hydrocarbons to obtain the
desired product blends. These sophisticated and vital cracking
units must be rigorously modeled to serve this purpose, which
increases the need for rigorous modeling software that can
perform within the context of a wider simulation model.
The trend toward adding reactors is seen, for example, in
Royal Dutch Shell adding hydrocrackers to three refineries in
Holland, China and Poland. In all three cases, the
hydrocrackers were added to take advantage of heavier crudes,
which are more economical than lighter crudes.5
Modeling these hydrocrackers is extremely important for making
this process feasible and will become more so, as more of these
units are added to refineries.
Another important development in refinery modeling involves
advances in the ability of integrated software to update widely
used refinery planning models more accurately, more frequently
and with less specialized expertise.6 Support for
this activity within the newest releases of refinery simulation
models leads to better accuracy in the planning model for
feedstock selection. The automation and demystifying of these
interfaces is increasingly important as the addition of
reactors increases the complexity of the process.
With the ability to model how reactors influence the end
product, modeling software can interface with planning software
to assist in the selection of the best feedstock for the desired products.
Since the reactors involved in the process need to be
rigorously modeled to give an accurate result, it is crucial to
have planning software that can interface with the modeling
software to give the most accurate results possible. The result
is optimized reactor operating conditions and product output.
In the past, this activity always required a heavy dose of
expert consulting input, the resources for which were not
always available; however, that is no longer the case.
With the advent of mobile technology and the increasing number
of users of portable devices, it seems logical for refining and
engineering companies to take advantage of these new
capabilities to maximize productivity. By introducing
applications that allow users to access process charts and data
securely, without having to be onsite and without having to be
experts in the underlying tools and models, managers and
engineers can instantly receive updates and access models to
keep track of plants wherever they are located (Fig.
Fig. 3. Innovative
access to refinery models on mobile
devices is growing.
Additionally, these devices have the added benefit of being
always on, always with the user and usually connected to a
global network. By providing a mobile interface for engineering
applications, users will rarely be in a position where they
will not be able to access data securely and instantly. This
key innovation ensures that companies keep up with, and take
full advantage of, modern shifts in technology.
The innovations described here have largely been introduced
over the past two years, greatly accelerating the pace of
innovation and modeling power for refinery operations,
improvements and design. This pace of innovation is unlikely to
slow down. A number of exciting improvements are on the
horizon, which will add powerful optimization capabilities into
the process modelers simulation work space in areas such
as heat integration, column optimization and
Additionally, the refinery manager can expect important
advances in the power and value of mobile interfaces to give
the manager access to key refinery performance information,
anywhere and anytime, and to give the engineer access to the
technical details required to make improvements to the
performance. HP
1 Press release, Aspen Technology, December 10, 2012.
2 Berlin, G. Y. and P. Robert, Quantifying and
monitoring fouling of refinery heat exchangers, INEOS,
AspenTech User Conference, 2008.
3 Press release, Aspen Technology, New assay
management functionality in Aspen PIMS software optimizes crude
purchasing decisions and increases profitability, August
27, 2012.
4 Shethna, H., Operations support for refinery
planning and simulation, Saudi Aramco, 2013 Optimize
Global Conference, May 7, 2013.
5 Shell Global Solutions, Key lessons from
successful hydrocracker projects, Hydrocarbon Processing supplement,
September 2011.
6 Briggs, B. and K. Lau, Webinar with BP:
Improving refinery margins with
hydroprocessing model applications, BP Refining and Logistics, January 10,
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Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
Is 2016 the peak for US gasoline demand?
Too soon to tell
July 2016


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Popular Chess Terms
Presented by International Master Valeri Lilov for ChessLecture.com Attacking Chess is a highly rated series on analyzing plans to initiate attack against strategic positions. Valeri explains both theory and demonstrates in practice. Disk 2 covers Attack an Opposite Castled King, Counter Attack, Positional Piece Sacrifice, Opening Initiative, Attack Creation.
Attacking Chess 2 - Chess Lecture - Volume 68
GM Gareev blasting through The 2012 North American Open scoring 8 out of 9 points and achieving a 2890 Fide performance rating!! This DVD is a step by step guide to improve Your chess and reach your desired goals. GM Gareev will explain his thought process in tournament play, analysis and a lesson plan on concepts, tactics and strategies that will improve your game and give you a road map on thinking and playing like a GrandMaster. Openings covered Queens Indian, Pirc, Grunfeld, Queens Gambit Accepted & Declined, Hedgehog, Exchange Ruy Lopez, Tactical Ideas in The Italian Game
FOXY OPENINGS - VOL. 144 - Easy to Learn Step by Step Strategies On How to Think and Play Like A GrandMaster
Many chess books teach the Lucena and Philidor endgames - but most rook endgames start in much more complicated positions. The objective of this series is to show you what to do in the earlier stages, when things are more complex and you may not even be sure who is winning. One of the key ingredients is obtaining active play for your Rooks, King and Pawns if you can safely do so. Here are real life lessons over the board with examples from Dana's own games.Content: 126 minutes of instruction and analysis in a series of 4 lectures.
Practical Rook Endgames - Chess Lecture - Volume 52
Rook endings are the most common endgame in chess. Endings with rooks and pawns occur in 8 to 10 percent of all games. This series teaches essential knowledge, without which you are helpless in these very common situations. You will learn how to play the Lucena position and how to execute the Philidor defense, as well as other variations you need to know.Content: 77 minutes of instruction and analysis in a series of 4 lectures.
Rook Endgames - Chess Lecture - Volume 51
GM Jesse Kraai reviews Vassily Smyslov, one of his favorite players of all time. Jesse claims studying Smyslov's endgames helped him to become a Grandmaster.Vasily Vasilyevich Smyslov (Russian March 24, 1921 – 27 March 2010) was a Soviet and Russian Grandmaster and was World Chess Champion from 1957 to 1958. He was a Candidate for the World Chess Championship on eight times (1948, 1950, 1953, 1956, 1959, 1965, 1983, and 1985). Smyslov twice tied for first at the Soviet Championship (1949, 1955), and his total of 17 Chess Olympiad medals won is an all-time record. In five European Team Championships, Smyslov won ten gold medals.
Smyslov Endgames - PART 1 - Chess Lecture - Volume 48
GM Jesse Kraai reviews Vassily Smyslov, his favorite player of all time. Jesse claims studying Smyslov's endgames helped him become a Grandmaster.Vasily Vasilyevich Smyslov (Russian March 24, 1921 – 27 March 2010) was a Soviet and Russian Grandmaster and was World Chess Champion from 1957 to 1958. He was a Candidate for the World Chess Championship on eight times (1948, 1950, 1953, 1956, 1959, 1965, 1983, and 1985). Smyslov twice tied for first at the Soviet Championship (1949, 1955), and his total of 17 Chess Olympiad medals won is an all-time record. In five European Team Championships, Smyslov won ten gold medals.
Smyslov Endgames - PART 3 - Chess Lecture - Volume 50
Tactical Motifs - Chess Lecture - Complete Set
LM Dr. Dana Mackenzie is a USCF Life Master, a PhD mathematician, and an award-winning mathematics, science journalist and author. LM Dana Mackenzie started playing tournament chess during the ''Fischer boom'' of 1971-72 and never quit. Champion of North Carolina in 1985 & 1987, he became a master in 1988. Mackenzie now lives in Santa Cruz, CA and runs a chess club for kids at the local library. His passion for chess and his enthusiasm for teaching is unmistakable.
Tactical Motifs - Complete Set - 3 DVDs - Chess Lecture
In this book, the author drives you through the very rich chess career of Vlastimil Hort while interviewing him. This unique concept makes the book easy to read and gives the reader some inside information about what is happening also off the board, things you normally don't get to know about.
Vlastimil Hort - Legendary Chess Careers
200 Instructive and Challenging Mates for Beginners!
This great book for beginning players covers the most basic of all mates - the one move mate! Schiller presents different game positions where you must find the move that instantly wins the game. You'll learn how to make the final move with all the pieces - knights, bishops, rooks, pawns, queens and even the king. This great training tool is perfect for players new to the game of chess!
1 Move Checkmates
From Sacrifices to Endgames
If you want to become a chess master, there are certain things you need to know. The Masters know them and now you can learn them too. This invaluable book collects all these techniques together in one volume, so you can try them out, tick them off, and progress on your path towards chess mastery.
100 Chess Master Trade Secrets
One and Two Move Checkmates to Test Your Skills!
Perfect for beginning players--including children--100 Easy Checkmates offers an accessible, fun guide to winning at chess. Designed to help players learn without frustration or tedious chess notation, 100 Easy Checkmates presents easy one- and two-move checkmates that everyone can understand.
100 Easy Checkmates
Vital Lessons for Every Chess Player
Most players tend to neglect the endgame, many even dodge the endgame by taking extreme risks in the middlegame, simply because they feel uncertain about the final phase. But time limits have shortened, and the endgame has to be played fast. A solid basic knowledge is vital. There are, contrary to what most amateurs believe, relatively few endgames one must know. Here the 100 endgames are presented that:show up most frequently in practice are easy to learn and contain ideas and concepts useful in more difficult positions. 100 Endgames You Must Know is a practical tool to improve your knowledge of endgames most likely to arise in an actual game.
100 Endgames You Must Know
In the second half of 20th century, the game of chess swept around the world. ''The Royal Game had become a game of the people.'' Chess Informant appeared, collecting some of the most precious games created by chess players. From millions of games played at some of the most important tournaments worldwide, 101,031 games have been published in the first 100 volumes of Chess Informant (1966-2007).
1000 Best of Best
The first part of the CD consists of a small database explaining all possible mate motifs in 15 themes. The main database contains 1000 mating tasks in 1, 2 or 3 moves, all stemming from actual games
1000x Checkmate
Regular Price: $32.95
Special Price $29.95
21st Century Edition
Ask most chessplayers from the ''baby boomer'' generation how they acquired and sharpened their tactical skills, and chances are a Fred reinfeld tactical collection will be part of their answer. And now, for the first time, 1001 Brilliant Ways to Checkmate is presented in modern Algebraic Notation.
1001 Brilliant Ways to Checkmate
The Tactics Workbook that Explains the Basic Concepts Too!
1001 Chess Exercises for Beginners is a great first tactics book. It helps you in identifying weak spots in the position of your opponent, in recognizing patterns of combinations, and in visualizing tricks.
1001 Chess Exercises for Beginners
Solve the Puzzles and Measure Your Skill!
For all chess-players, from beginners to world champions, from kids to seniors, delivering checkmate is the greatest thrill the game has to offer. The ability to spot checkmates is a vital skill - and this easy-to-use book shows you how it is done. With the help of Grandmaster John Nunn, you will be ready to shock your next opponent with a deadly checkmate, whether in a school match, a club tournament - or even a championship game!
1001 Deadly Checkmates
21st-Century Edition
Enhance Your Tactical Weapons! 1001 Winning Chess Sacrifices and Combination is the companion volume to Reinfeld's 1001 Brilliant Ways to Checkmate. Of course each book can be taken on its own, but together they make a wonderful collection, and cover the full range of tactical chess. And they are now both available in 21st-century editions, using modern algebraic notation.
1001 Winning Chess Sacrifices & Combinations
Sound Advice on all Aspects of Playing Chess
Steve Giddins is an author acclaimed for his ability to write in down-to-earth style on fundamental chess topics. In this book he answers the questions that really matter to chess-players. His topics include many basic ideas, including some that have rarely been addressed so directly in chess literature, and thus are often misunderstood by club players. Where appropriate, the answers also address highly sophisticated concepts, providing insights gleaned from many years of experience and discussions with players and trainers of the highest level.
101 Chess Questions Answered
What is the object of the game of Chess? What is chess notation? How does the King move and Capture? These and a host of other Chess questions are answered simply and clearly in this indepensible guide for beginning players.
101 Questions On How To Play Chess
One of the game's greatest players annotates scores of fascinating games involving such masters as Capablanca, Bogoljubov, Kashdan, Reshevsky, Tartakower, Keres and others, including many of Alekhine's own games. Includes delightfully candid views on fellow masters and rivals for the world title. Edited and translated by E. G. Winter. Preface. Index.
107 Great Chess Battles - 1939-1945
The 1958 Interzonal Chess Tournament in Portoroz was one of the most important and strongest tournaments in chess history, and is still regularly discussed in chess circles today. This is the tournament where the 15-year-old Bobby Fischer earned the grandmaster title and first became a contender for the World Chess Championship. It is also the tournament where Mikhail Tal finally got his first chance to compete in a grandmaster tournament outside of the Soviet Union, and started one of the longest non-losing streaks in chess history on his march to the World Chess Championship.
1958 interzonal Chess Tournament Portoroz
Being 257 Orthodox Twoers by 108 United States Problemists
Arguably the finest book on the craft of composing two-move chess problems! It is comprised of multiple sections - Glossary of 120+ terms circumscribing the conditions and parameters of the discipline, the introductory ''General Remarks'', Twelve Problemists, and The Problem Scene.
2 Move Chess Problems
A Fun and Instructive Workbook for Childred Serious about Chess!
Veteran chess teachers and authors, Wilson and Alberston, who specialize in teaching chess to children, present 202 fascinating puzzles that are both instructional and fun. Large diagrams and clearly explained solutions will thrill kids as they work their way through the concepts while they have fun with chess. This book is perfect for kids!
202 Checkmates For Children
With this instructive manual, players can learn to concentrate on one-, two- and three-move checkmates, focusing on their opponents' last moves and keeping alert to new possibilities, rather than getting blinded by previous calculations. Written by two experienced chess teachers, this volumes first 100 exercises concern checkmates in one move, while the remaining exercises represent game-like positions for checkmates in two and three moves.
212 Surprising Checkmates
This book, which is a collection of games of the great German chess Z. Tarrasch, enjoyed wide popularity at the end of last and the beginning of this century. For many generations it served as a textbook players at every stage of a chess game and is considered a classic.
300 Chess games - RUSSIAN EDITION
303 More Challenging Puzzles to Take On!
A carefully selected entertaining and instructive collection of tactical chess puzzles. The authors, both veteran professional chess instructors, have collected or created 303 additional game situations, to go with the original 303 typical situations featured in the original 303 Tricky Chess Puzzles.
303 More Tricky Chess Puzzles
Two, Three and Four Move Checkmates
Both a fascinating challenge and great training tool, these two, three and four move checkmates are great for beginning, intermediate and expert players. Mates are in order of difficulty, from simple to very complex positions.
303 Tricky Checkmates
Find the Decisive Winning Moves!
303 Tricky Chess Puzzles
One for Each Day of the Year
This book is written in both German and English. Some knowledge of both Classic notation and Algebraic (mainly the latter) is needed to follow all the notes. The book is mainly a series of fairly difficult endgame studies. I went through the book and solved each problem in the manner that the authors suggested in their preface. It helped me win many Chess tournament games that would have otherwise been draws and also draw many games that should have been lost.
365 Selected Endgames
Paul Keres and Iivo Nei study provide the strongest players in the four games of 25 games in the world and to analyze each one of them. Keres assisted by International Master Iivo Nei, who has been known as a trainer and coach world champion Boris Spassky in 1972 during the match Spassky and Bobby Fischer in Reykjavik, Iceland. In this paper, analyzes of 25 games for each Keres-Fischer and Kortsnoi and Nei analyzes 25 games each by Spasski and Larsen.
4 x 25 Robert Fischer, Boriss Spasski, Viktor Kortsnoi, Bent Larsen - ESTONIAN EDITION
GM Jesse Kraai currently resides in Berkeley, California. His most notable chess achievements are winning the Denker Tournament of High School Champions in 1989 and 1990, and competing in the U.S. Championship from 2002-2006.
50 Years of Tal-Botvinnik - 4 DVD's - Chess Lecture - Volume 24
Three Books in One - Open Games, Semi-Open Games & Closed Games
Vast collection of great chess games from 1798-1938, with much material nowhere else readily available. Fully annotated, arranged by opening for easier study. 150 years of master play!
500 Master Games of Chess
New York 1889 was the strongest chess tournament ever held up until that time. It was supposed to be for the World Chess Championship, but it has never been recognized as such, primarily because Steinitz, who helped organize the event and who was present as a journalist, refused to play.
6th American Chess Congress
How to Play and Win at Chess: Openings, Endgames, Tactics and Strategy
This book is a comprehensive manual for those new to chess, which explains with great clarity the basics of the game. Using innovative methods, Gude ensures that readers quickly grasp each key concept before building on it by introducing new ideas.
A Complete Chess Course
This is a combined work, taking five separate books and combining them into one volume, but then re-dividing them into two volumes.
A Complete Chess Course - How to Win at Chess - VOLUME I


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Ballet step names
Posted 11 December 2003 - 06:42 PM
Posted 12 December 2003 - 06:29 AM
It could not be the infinitive "plier" , but as Mel says , it could be "pliez!" an order
Posted 18 December 2003 - 04:04 PM
Posted 18 December 2003 - 08:39 PM
#20 Guest_EnPointeForLife_*
Posted 22 January 2004 - 08:48 AM
Posted 22 January 2004 - 09:09 AM
The Gail Grant is very inexpensive, the Warren book relatively expensive but well worth it! They are both available through Amazon, and if you click on the link to Amazon, above, and order by going there from this site, the site receives a little tidbit of help!
Posted 22 January 2004 - 10:59 AM
Gail Grant's Technical Manual and Dictionary of Classical Ballet is so inexpensive and yet so important I have just decided to buy them in bulk and give them to my graduates of Ballet IIIC as a "job well done" when they enter Ballet IVA. Spend the $5.00 and you will never regret it. It's funny how students will spend that much on a cup of coffee, but not a book. :rolleyes:
Here are two additions to the list that I find commonly misspelled:
Fouetté [fweh-TAY] - Whipped
Pirouette [peer-WET] - Whirl or spin
#23 Guest_gingembre_*
Posted 22 January 2004 - 11:43 AM
I have just decided to buy them in bulk and give them to my graduates of Ballet IIIC as a "job well done" when they enter Ballet IVA.
That is such a wonderful thing to do! I'm sure your students love you.
Posted 17 April 2004 - 09:38 AM
It was produced in the USA some years ago but may still be avaiable.
Sorry to be late in the discusion but better late than never :sleeping:
Posted 24 July 2004 - 02:01 AM
1. start in arabesque, bottom knee bent
2. jump off one leg and beat it against the leg in arabesque
3. land in starting position
4. repeat several times and hope that you don't look like a sack of potatoes!
Posted 24 July 2004 - 02:27 AM
Posted 21 December 2008 - 04:15 AM
Actually, it's a paradox. "A rose is a rose is a rose...." Now, THAT'S a tautology.
Actually, I think it's an oxymoron, not a paradox.
Posted 21 December 2008 - 04:39 AM
Posted 21 August 2011 - 06:57 AM
Posted 22 August 2011 - 03:46 AM
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Ended 03/08/13
HUGE shout out on social media!
3 Funders
Receive a special copy of the program, signed by the cast and creative team! Plus all of the above.
5 Funders
Digital download of a song from the live recording! Plus all of the above.
3 Funders
You and a guest are invited to attend the exclusive final dress rehearsal! Plus all of the above.
5 Funders
Enjoy an after-show cocktail with the writers following the final dress rehearsal at a local bar. Plus all of the above!
Get Associate Producer credit Above-The-Title. Plus all of the above.


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GROESBECK (December 17, 2012)--First-grader Marisa Sexton wore a homemade shirt to class Monday to honor the victims of the tragic Sandy Hook shooting.
Her parents, Richard and Shannon Sexton, created the shirt for their daughter in an effort to urge other parents to be open with their children about what happened Friday in Newtown, and to show support for the families of those who lost their lives.
The shirt features 20 children, including 8 boys and 12 girls, as well as six adults holding hands, each with halos over their heads. The date of the tragedy and the words "gone but not forgotten" are written inside the clouds on the back of the shirt.
Marisa attends H O Whitehurst Elementary School in Groesbeck.


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Understanding pool usage using Windows Performance Analyzer
- Memphis
- Speakers: Rahul Nair
- 15,377 views
Right click "Save as…"Slides (view online)
This video provides an overview of how to collect and analyze pool data using Windows Performance Analyzer.
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I watched this video of Online Art Academy about Design Principle of Alternation, where alternating light and dark is used to add rhythm, interest and vitality into composition.
An obvious example of this pattern being used in photography is chiaroscuro. But are there any other famous photographs (or even whole styles) built upon this principle?


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Illinois Fighting Illini vs Southern Illinois SalukisSat, August 31, 2013 - 11:00 AMMemorial Stadium IL in Champaign, IL
We are sorry, the date for this event has already passed. This event took place on 8/31/2013. Click here to view upcoming events for Illinois Fighting Illini.
Still unsure? Check out our user reviews for:
Have a question? Need help? Call us at 800.477.5285


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Let $G$ be a reductive, affine, algebraic group over $\newcommand{\C}{\mathbb C}\C$. Let $X$ be a $G$-variety. For $x\in X$, we write $$G_x:=\{ g\in G\mid g.x=x\}$$ for its stabilizer and for any subgroup $H\subseteq G$, we write $$X^H:=\{x\in X\mid H.x=x\}$$ for the $H$-invariants of $X$. We say that $x\in X$ is characterized by its stabilizer if $X^{G_x}=\{x\}$. Let $\{V_\lambda\mid \lambda\in\Lambda\}$ be the irreducible $G$-modules.
Given two points $x,y\in X$, then $x\in\overline{G.y}$ implies $\overline{G.x}\subseteq\overline{G.y}$. Hence, $\C[\overline{G.y}]\twoheadrightarrow\C[\overline{G.x}]$ and thus,
$$\DeclareMathOperator{\mult}{mult}\forall \lambda\in\Lambda:\quad \mult\nolimits_\lambda(\C[\overline{G.x}])\le\mult\nolimits_\lambda(\C[\overline{G.y}])$$
Finding $\lambda\in\Lambda$ violating the above is therefore an "obstruction" for the inclusion of orbit closures.
My question now is the following: If $x$ and $y$ are characterized by their respective stabilizers, does the converse hold? I.e., does the above inequality imply that $x\in\overline{G.y}$? I have been trying to come up with a counterexample, but without success so far.
Intuition: If $G$ acts on a variety $Y$ and $y\in Y$ is characterized by its stabilizer, then you can very easily find counterexamples if you give up the condition that both points are characterized by their respective stabilizers: Consider $X:=Y\times\{z_1,z_2\}$ with $G$ acting trivially on $Z=\{z_1,z_2\}$. Now, the points $x_i:=(y,z_i)$ satisfy $x_1\notin\overline{G.x_2}$ and $\C[\overline{G.x_1}]\cong\C[\overline{G.x_2}]$. In the cases of interest to me, however, both points are characterized by their stabilizer and the question arises whether there are counterexamples under this additional condition.


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Guardian of Gnome's Grove
While I am away, I have have invited a Druid to maintain my Gnome's Grove.
Yeah, there wont be much fire being slung while I am away, so it will be a safe enough place for a Tree Druid to stomp about.
Meanwhile he can keep an eye on that nasty Akismet monster that likes to consume random comments, or not so random comments in the case of Fish… Akismet really likes seafood!
I have known THD for a fair while, originally from a work perspective, although he being from (or close enough to) FNQ, and me from the "the perfect place to make a film about the end of the world", we don't get to connect regularly beyond out Friday-night WoWfests (2,000km is a bit far for regular catch ups). I got him into WoW (I think), and have dragged back form other RL responsibilities to play BC… will he be pulling me back into WoLK?
So please make the Treehuggingdruid welcome when he makes his appearances… which will be really soon…
Gnomer and Out!


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There's a great Add-on for Firefox called InfoLister, all it does is provide a nicely formatted list of stuff and versions, for example here's what it lists for me:
Last updated: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 17:03:32 GMT
User Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.0; en-US; rv:184.108.40.206) Gecko/20101203 Firefox/3.6.13 ( .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET4.0E)
Extensions (enabled: 23, disabled: 7):
- Contacts 0.3.2
- DOM Inspector 2.0.8
- etc...
Themes (1):
- Default 3.6.13 [selected]
Plugins (13):
- Garmin Communicator Plug-In
- Google Talk Plugin
- etc...
Are there any Android apps that can generate an easily copy & paste-able list of the phone's version, etc. all in one place? Basically the stuff that appears in Settings -› About phone.


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I think I have answered the following puzzle:
Under what conditions can you rotate the graph of a function about the origin, and still have the resulting graph being the graph of a function? If the graph of a function cannot be rotated about the origin without ceasing to be the graph of a function, might there be other points which could act as centre of rotation and preserve the property of being the graph of a function?
I think the answer is that the function has to be a line. Otherwise we can find an angle which lets us rotate the graph so that one $x$ maps to two $y$s.
Question: Is this correct? And if yes, how can I prove it?


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Users seems to have a hard time picking the right document template when the "New" list contains more then 50 items. As one of lists on the web contains a SPChoiceField it should be possible to limit the number of items based on the value of the SPChoiceField by using the SPContentType.Hidden property.
Edit: I have access to an event handler that will be triggered each time the above SPChoiceField is changing value, so I guess it should be possible to change the visibility flag on each content type in the library? I noted the answers that recommends a JQuery approach, alas we have no scripting development capabilities in-house, so the prototype can't based on JQuery


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Fact Sheets
Fact Sheets
Press Releases
Public Statements
Recent News
Arab World
Council of Ministers
Foreign Aid
Foreign Relations
Saudi US Relations
Prior Years
Saudi Arabia In Focus
King Abdullah chairs Cabinet session
May 4, 2009
The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz chaired the Cabinet's weekly meeting in Riyadh today, during which he briefed the ministers on his latest consultations with foreign leaders, including his meeting in Khobar last week with King Abdullah II of Jordan. The Saudi monarch also met with Special Advisor to the U.S. Secretary of State Dennis Ross and Australian Foreign Minister Steven Smith, and received messages from the leaders of Kuwait, Bahrain, Libya, Yemen and the U.A.E.
After reviewing reports on the threat of swine flu, King Abdullah ordered a further increase in precautionary measures to prevent the disease from appearing in the Kingdom. Minister of Health Dr. Abdullah Al-Rabeeah briefed the Cabinet on the efforts made by his ministry to organize a GCC conference on the issue, which will include experts from the World Health Organization (WHO). He noted that the Executive Bureau of the Council of Arab Health Ministers will meet in Riyadh Tuesday.
On the domestic front, the Cabinet praised King Abdullah's trip to Eastern Province last week. The ministers stressed that the King's commissioning of several new projects in the region reflects the strength of the Saudi economy, despite the global financial crisis.
In addition, the Cabinet approved the re-formation of the Council of Military Service; approved the Kingdom's increased contribution to the subscribed capital of the Islamic Development Bank, in the amount of 23,649 additional shares valued at 10,000 Islamic dinars per share; approved the Kingdom's accession to the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-Operation, 1990; and approved the final account of the Saudi Railways Organization for FY 1427/1428 H.
The Cabinet approved the appointment of Osamah Nuqali as Ambassador (15th rank) at the Foreign Ministry; Prince Abdulrahman Al Miqrin as Assistant Head of the Experts' Commission (15th rank) at the Council of Ministers; Mojahid Wahbi as Minister Plenipotentiary at the Foreign Ministry; Dr. Talal Yosif as Director General of Private Education (14th rank) at the Ministry of Higher Education; Abdullah Albosayes as Director General of the President's Office (14th rank) at the Court of Grievances; and Fahd Alisa as Legal Expert B (14th rank) at the Experts' Commission at the Council of Ministers.
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There's a quotation by Bjarne Stroustrup that says:
C makes it easy to shoot yourself in the foot; C++ makes it harder, but when you do, it blows away your whole leg.
I've often come across this quotation when reading library documentation and tutorials; particularly ones that wrap C functions in C++ classes, or are wrappers to C libraries.
But what did he mean by this?


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Brookfield alderman suggests shrinking size of city council
Proposal to downsize shelved indefinitely
Alderman Scott Berg's proposal to reduce the size of the Common Council from 14 to nine aldermen was met with resistance by a city panel Tuesday.
The proposal is to increase the number of districts from seven to nine, making each district smaller. Instead of each district having two aldermen, as is the case now, each would have one.
The city's Legislative and Licensing Committee discussed the matter Tuesday.
'Smaller is better'
Berg said the change would bring several advantages to the city and its residents.
"In my opinion, better representation means each alderperson covers a smaller area with fewer people," he told the committee. "That makes it easier to know the voters and issues in the district. When it comes to number of people represented, smaller is better."
Berg also said that tie votes would be less likely and interested candidates would be running for fewer seats.
"Reducing the number of seats means the same number of interested candidates are running for fewer seats, increasing competition," Berg said.
A third advantage he named was that reducing the Common Council size would mean fewer committees and fewer aldermen on a committee.
"Reducing the council size would require a committee reorganization," Berg said. "That's where the real organizational change happens."
Similar proposals
According to Berg's referral, Brookfield's population in 2010 was estimated at 37,900 people, with each alderperson representing 5,400 residents.
Berg's proposal would have each aldermen serving 4,200 residents.
The city of Wauwatosa, with an estimated population of 46,300 in 2010, has a Common Council size of 16 aldermen and eight districts, each member serving 5,800 residents.
Its Common Council debated reducing its size in October, taking no action however, although constituents voted in favor of a reduction in April by a 3-to-1 margin in an advisory referendum.
Mayor's opposition
Mayor Steve Ponto is not in support of Berg's referral, and argued that it isn't a change the city needed.
"Having seven aldermanic districts with two alderpersons per district has served Brookfield well for many years," Ponto said. "Things are working very well and I regard this proposal as an unnecessary stirring of the pot."
"I don't see how reducing the number of alderpersons leads to better service for constituents," Ponto said. "Having two alderpersons per district allows alderpersons to share the work load and divide up work on constituent matters. When one isn't available, hopefully the other will be."
Ponto also argued that being an alderperson is a part-time job and increasing the work load could interfere with the full-time lives of the Common Council members.
"By having 14 alderpersons, we are able to divide up committee assignments so that no one has too much committee work," he said. "This makes the job of alderperson more attractive and manageable as a part-time job.
"I would resist the notion of tinkering with something that works so well. I urge you to table this."
Committee's decision
Committee chairman Alderman Gary Mahkorn agreed with the mayor.
"There's a value to having collective heads," Mahkorn said. "Everyone brings something to the table."
Alderwoman Renee Lowerr voiced concerns about redistricting.
"If we decide to redistrict into nine polling places, how would we do that?" Lowerr asked. "Where are the locations? Where would we have people go vote, causing more confusion?"
Alderman Buck Jurken also was opposed to the proposal.
"I don't see any compelling reasons on Scott's listing," he said.
"In my opinion, it's better to have less power in more people's hands than more power in less people's hands," Alderman Dan Sutton said. "I'd rather have more eyes looking at a situation and having more people on the council of diverse backgrounds."
The committee voted, 4-1, to table the proposal, with Sutton casting the opposing vote.
More from News and Features
- Now websites to get new look, realignment
- Jury reaches guilty verdict in connection with Brookfield drive-by shooting
- Dick's Sporting Goods to open Aug. 5 in Brookfield
- Brookfield/ElmGrove Weekly Planner: July 21
- Brookfield East choir to perform with Foreigner at Waukesha County Fair
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What's difference between positions of these pedals? I'm playing more post-rock music, with lots of effects... still can't figure out where should I place reverb.
It theoretically does not matter. Effects that are "linear" do not depend on order. Both reverb and delay are linear(in fact, reverb is a type of delay).
Therefore the issue depends on the details. Pedals are not perfect and some different orders could potentially produce different results... but generally be close.
Here is a scenario where order matters. Suppose you have delay then reverb then tube amp. Suppose the delay has too much gain and overdrives the reverb pedal. It will create distortion and most likely not sound that great. If you swap them then the effect will be much better because there will be no unnatural distortion. Distortion is a non-linear effect and essentially it throws a kink in the equation.
i.e., linear effects are linear only up to a point. Guitar amps are generally linear but if you overdrive them they become non-linear(and consequently putting your effects before the amp or in the fx-loop then makes a huge difference if you are overdriving your preamp)).
This is why people say "experiment" and why I'll repeat it. There are too many unknowns to get a precise answer. Theoretically it doesn't matter, but we don't live in a theoretical world(else things would be much easier).
I'd say the more traditional approach is delay -> reverb. Reverb being used in this context to create "space" and delay being used to, well, repeat things (as opposed to using the delay with a short repeat time to create a bigger sound). An example of this approach would be something like Godspeed! You Black Emperor or even U2 -- where there's ambiance to the sound, but the repeats are distinct and defined and easy to pick out.
But running reverb -> delay is also a valid approach. In this configuration you're going to get huge washes of ambient texture that you can mix in, underneath your dry signal, to create an almost pad-like texture that follows what you're playing. For an example of how to use this technique effectively on guitar check out Sig Ros' Glosoli.
You really do need to experiment with the position of these pedals to find the sound that works best for your particular approach to music.
You should experiment and put it in a position that creates the best sound for you.
Neither is right or wrong, but I think it's worth discussing which is the most "natural".
Delay is an inherently unnatural effect. It's not often you encounter echoes in nature. Just a few places with flat rock faces at the right orientation and distance. In those places, the degradation with each repeat is significant. Tape delay has degradations, but they have a different quality. Digital delay has almost no degradation, apart from a reduction in volume with each repeat.
Reverb is something we encounter in real life all the time. Just clap your hands in a church or a sports hall to hear it.
So, chaining delay into reverb, is going to simulate the sound of playing through a delay pedal alone, in a lively reverberant room.
Chaining reverb into delay is going to produce something that couldn't be achieved in a reverberant room.
Which of those is "best" for a particular purpose, is entirely subjective.
I'd go for the approach that they are non-linear and it doesn't matter in principle, they would sound the same if they were 'perfect'. In a argument about natural acoustics you could equally argue that 'echoes' come after the reverb as the other way round.
However, this applies only to at least one being a perfectly clean effect.
e.g. a lofi type delay, or a delay with hi cut, will be then smoothed out by reverb that sounds hifi. but lofi delay last it might 'degrade' your reverb. as linear/nonlinear goes, EQ, distortion(tape/analogue delay), modulation are linear and more often than not applied to delay/verb.
if delay is last then it has to replicate the verb too which only makes one tail. the otherway round the delay only repeats guitar, but the verb makes a tail for each delay. whatever extra effects contained will be more prominent in the last one. and the processing power might affect things leading to clutter-analogue delay last=no hifi verbs...
in the case of modulated delay, or any modulation effect, the oscillation gets smoothed together and looses its intensity when before reverb, but might give a more subtle depth as there will be each phase of the modulation 'on top of eachother'. afterwards is would be much more pronounced and the oscillator would be an audible wave applied to even the verb tail.
buffers and tonality of the effect/dry path affect things subtly and ime the preffered one should go last if there's little other reason for another order.
I also think delay before dirt is overlooked. you can get clutter if the whole signal is distorted including delay- it can approach white noise. delay before can mean that later repeats are driving the OD less and remain clean, retaining some spacial effect and acting a bit like a parallel effect with od one channel, clean delay the other.
Then we get into more looper/delay stuff, in which case do you want to overdub a lot of different verb FX or do you want to leave repeats running and play with the reverb knobs.
At a push, delay could be seen as a reverb with just a single reflection - or reverb could be seen as a very fast delay with lots of taps and high feedback. So either way round, in a way you're stacking two similar pedals for a bigger effect...


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Michael Dummett, 1925-2011
I have been traveling for the past few days, and am sorry to be slow in noting the death of Michael Dummett, Wykeham Professor of Logic at Oxford from 1979-1992 and undeniably one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century. Dummett was also a faithful Catholic, something I noted back in 2009 when I quoted an excerpt from his conversion story. One sometimes encounters the suggestion that Dummett's deep religious convictions were irrelevant to his philosophical views; but this is clearly wrong, as A.W. Moore's obituary in the Guardian suggests:
[Dummett] did not see how we could understand a sentence without having some way of manifesting our understanding. And he did not see how we could manifest this without being able to tell whether the thought expressed was true or false. Sothe assumption that a given thought could be true or false even though we had no way of telling which an assumption that Dummett called "realism" concerning the thought was immediately problematical.
Not that Dummett flatly denied this assumption; his point was only that it needed justification. He was issuing achallenge. Although the challenge was something close to a lifelong crusade, he undoubtedly retained asympathy for realism. It was as if he was engaged in a continual internal struggle with himself. Furthermore, it is hard to escape the feeling that this in turn had something to do with his deep religious convictions, many of which may well have had a realist cast which the philosopher in him found problematical.
It is certainly true that, although he rarely made explicit contributions to the philosophy of religion, what he did write was often motivated by religious concerns. One topic about which he wrote a great deal, for example, was the possibility of backward causation. Certainly, his interest in this derived from an interest in the efficacy of retrospective prayer.
What is also true is that Dummett usually kept his explicitly theologically-oriented writing (which included, among other things, an important essay on the metaphysics of transubstantiation, a number of essays and reviews in the British Catholic periodical The Tablet, and a famous yearlong exchange in New Blackfriars that began with his forceful condemnation of liberal scripture scholars in the pages of that journal) separate from his secular philosophical work. But Dummett's 1996-1997 Gifford Lectures, published in 2006 under the title Thought and Reality, suggest to me that Moore is wrong in the passage quoted above to suggest that the "realist cast" of Dummett's religious convictions were in any sort of tension with his antirealist view of meaning: rather, according to Dummett it is precisely the assumption that a Mind exists which possesses a way of understanding reality that is different in kind from our own, that provides the only way of making sense of a concept of how things "really are" beyond any of our particular apprehensions of them. Yet to do away with such a concept is to give up hope for genuine scientific (or philosophical) progress.
The theistic argument of Dummett's Gifford Lectures was also presented in an essay in his 2010 book The Nature and Future of Philosophy. Elsewhere in that book is Dummett's critical discussion of Humanae Vitae's position on the use of the birth control, which he viewed as a corruption of the Church's teaching on more traditional forms of contraception -- a position Dummett himself had defended in earlier writings. Dummett's argument was excerpted in Commonweal earlier this year, and it prompted a (to my mind convincing) reply by Joseph Komonchak in this space. In addition to his important philosophical and religious writings, Dummett was also a leading historian of the Tarot, and he and his wife Ann campaigned forcefully to improve race relations, which led him to take a serious academic interest in social and political issues, as is explained in this obituary from the Telegraph:
In 1958 [Ann and Michael Dummett] co-founded the Institute of Race Relations think tank and in the 1960s, as the trickle of immigration became a flood, they drove a battered van to Heathrow Airport day after day to take up the cases of Asian and West Indian immigrants threatened with deportation. On one occasion they were arrested and prosecuted after staging a protest against a market stallholder who refused to serve black customers. Police dropped charges and the then Home Secretary, Roy Jenkins, apologised.
Dummett saw the root of the problem as lying in the political system. In his book On Immigration and Refugees (2001), he argued that lurking behind the egalitarian veneer of democracy is the more manipulative principle of playing on peoples prejudices to gain votes. This, when applied to issues of immigration, has invariably led to a jingoistic policy a policy founded, essentially, on racism. In Britain, according to Dummett, much of the blame rested with the Home Office, a department which he accused of decades of hopeless indoctrination in hostility, first against Commonwealth immigrants, and later against asylum seekers and refugees. For the Home Office, he once wrote, the adjective 'bogus goes as automatically with 'asylum seeker as 'green does with 'grass.
Dummetts political concerns made him increasingly convinced that political parties were essentially undemocratic institutions which, through a distorted voting system and the use of whipping procedures in Parliament, had become little more than devices for frustrating the will of the majority. In Voting Procedures (1984) and Principles of Electoral Reform (1997) he proposed a proportional representation system known as the Quota Borda or Quota Preference Score system, a highly complex arrangement designed to encourage consensus by giving candidates the incentive to appeal to as wide as possible a cross-section of voters.
It should be noted that the "other" great Catholic Oxford philosopher, G.E.M. Anscombe, had a similar history of activism: as a young college student she distributed leaflets opposing Britain's entry into World War II, then later on as a research fellow at Somerville College she organized a protest against the decision to grant an honorary degree to Harry Truman. Years later, after abortion had been legalized in Britain, Anscombe was arrested for protesting outside an abortion clinic. Philosophically, she and Dummett could hardly have been any different, but in neither case can their lives or the full scope of their thought be comprehended except against the background of their shared conception of our final end.
About the Author
John Schwenkler is an assistant professor in the Department of Philosophy at Florida State University.
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I am pleased to see the notice here on the death of Sir Michael Dummett. I was invited some years ago to contribute to the Library of Living Philosophers volume on Dummett http://www.opencourtbooks.com/books_n/philosophy_dummett.htm.The invitation came about due to an article I had published on Dummett and Lonergan. My contribution to the volume is entitled Dummett: Philosophy and Religion, and is followed by a lengthy response by Dummett. While writing my piece Sir Michael kindly furnished me with the then unpublished Gifford Lectures, upon which I commented, in addition to writing on other matters such as his views on transubstantiation and contraception. It is not true to say that his earlier writing on the latter clearly stated his support for the teaching of the Church, and one of the things I wanted to do was to get him, in his reply, to clarify his views on this.During the time of writing for the volume Sir Michael also very kindly helped my family in the case of a family friend from Africa who was an asylum seeker to the UK. So I have many thoughts at this time of Dummetts death and have been remembering him in prayer.I would have to say, however, that as I made clear in the contribution to the 2007 volume, I find his argument for God unconvincing - although there are promising aspect to it I think and I find his criticism of the Churchs teaching on contraception equally unconvincing. A recent article on the Heythrop Journal and offered a very good critique of that.Dr. Andrew Beards,Maryvale Institute,UK
Dr. Beards is right that Dummett's support for the Church's traditional position on contraception was not unambiguous in his earlier writings, and that the full extent of his disagreement with the teaching of Humanae Vitae only came out in their exchange in the volume he cites. As for the critique of Dummett in the Heythrop Journal, I believe that I am actually the author of the article he references, so I am happy to hear his opinion of it!
Here are Dummett's views of the reformed liturgy, with something for all sides to agree, and disagree, with: http://www.adoremus.org/397-Dummett.html .
Thanks! -- I should have thought of linking that.
HEre's another UK obit, from The Telegraph. Some of the comments are interesting for various reasons. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/culture-obituaries/8981654/Pr...
And here is a fine essay by John Haldane, with some details on the extent of Dummett's work in support of immigrants that I hadn't known of before, and a better account than I offered of the continuity between his earlier metaphysical views and the argument of his Gifford Lectures:"Dummett was the leading scholar at Winchester and won a history scholarship to Christ Church, Oxford, but before proceeding to university he began military service. This would lead him into the Intelligence Corps, but it began in the Royal Artillery for which he was trained in Scotland. During this period he sought religious instruction from the Dominican Ivo Thomas, then chaplain to the Catholic Student Union at Edinburgh University. Thomas was himself a philosophically trained Catholic convert and Dummett followed him into the Church in 1944, much to the displeasure of his parents. The following year, Dummett was transferred to Military Intelligence and posted to Malaya, where he encountered the easy mixing of different ethnic groups but also the racism of the colonial administration."Thus, even before his delayed arrival at Oxford at the age of 22, Dummett had acquired religious and political convictions rooted in experience and reflection. Thereafter he excelled in PPE (Politics, Philosophy and Economics), was elected a Prize Fellow of All Souls College, and began to develop his own highly distinctive, and initially seemingly eccentric philosophical theories about truth and reality. These involved the idea that truth must be knowable, at least in principle."Arguing for this idea involved elaborate, often technical work in logic and mathematics, but it also led to a notion that he occasionally hinted at but left undeveloped. In 1996, however, having retired as Wykeham Professor of Logic from Oxford, he returned to Scotland to deliver the Gifford Lectures at St Andrews. Published a decade later as Thought and Reality, they argue that since the world or reality is ultimately what is knowable and known, it follows that there must be an ultimate Knower: God."The link is here: http://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/arts-blog/john_haldane_philosopher_s_d...
[...] sul Guardian, sul Telegraph, sul NewScotsman, su Commonweal; intervento di Roberta de [...]
I took a (modest ) part in the Telegraph discussion of the Dummett obituary. What shocked me( thought perhaps it shouldn't have shocked me.) was the vitriol poured on Dummett's mmeory by some of the Telegraph's readers. A few condemned his 'evil' racial views, at least one voiced shock at his religious beliefs. I would like to share two footnotes.In 1977, the British Tory Church historian, Edward Norman ( Then Dean of Peterhouse) attacked liberation theology- and almost attempts to mix religion and politics in his Reith Lectures, Chrisitainity and The World Order. Dummett replied to Norman with an eloquent, quite devestating lecture called "Catholicism and Thge World Order."I first heard of Dummett when I read a reference to him in a National Catholic Reporter obituary of the brilliant, slightly crazy, Oxford orientalist and comparitive religionist, R.C. Zaehner. Dummett was quoted as calling his All Souls colleague and fellow convert, "eccentric extraordinary". Later, I read an fascinating posthumous collection of essays by Zaehner, The City Within The Heart. The introduction was by Dummett. I reccomend it to anyone who wishes to grasp how profound- and how devout- Dummett actually was.
"I first heard of Dummett when I read a reference to him in a National Catholic Reporter obituary of the brilliant, slightly crazy, Oxford orientalist and comparitive religionist, R.C. Zaehner."Mr. Harder --Yes, Dummett was indeed a deeply spiritual man. Do you know if he was a friend of Zaehner's and not just a colleague? I wouldn't be surprised. Both were mavericks of sorts, both in having converted to Catholicism and both were out of the mainstream of their own fields to some exten. Also, they both appreciated both spirituality and rationality -- as Dummett appreciated spiritual reality, so Zaehner appreciated logic. Zaehner caught hell for defending rationality against many of the scholars of mystical experience, but persisted against them all in no uncertain terms. I was at one time very familiar with some of Zaehner's works. I used his theory of non-religious mystical experience to criticize some of Maritain's ideas in my doctoral dissertation. I think Zaehner's thesis about non-religious mysticims is true, and I strongly suspect that as the Catholic Church in the West becomes more familiar with the Catholic Church in the East that his works will become highly relevant. Already I've seen an instance of an Eastern theologian, de Mello, who crossed the line into pantheism, and I've heard of another, whose name I've forgotten.Did you know that Zaehner was also an extremely courageous British spy in WW II? It's a wonder to me that no one has written a biography of him. Diplomat, spy, gay, alcoholic, linguist as able as Richard Burton, and great though highly controversial scholar of mystical experience. I'm so glad that Dummett had such good things to say about him after all his controversies. (The City Within the Heart was published posthumously.) I fear that because Zaehner was so eccentric that he wasn't taken as seriously as he deserved to be. But with all his warts, I see him as an very holy man. And his work is extremely important for the Church.
Dear Ms. Oliver: Sorry for my belated reply, but am i pretty busy Community college teacher ( who is also writing a book oin Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass.) Iam fairly certain that Dummett and Zaehner knew each other fairly well. All Souls has alwys been a pretty close knit community, and as Zaehner and Dummett were among the few Catholics there in the fifties and sixties, the probablity that they influenced each other is more than alittle strong. I first discovered Zaenhner in a weird way. He was one of the editorial advisors to , Heaven Help Us, The "encyclopedia of the supernatural', Man Myth and Magic. I later read a bizarre, brilliant, essay by him called Manson, Murder and Mysticism, which appeared in Encounter, which then was the world's best magazine( Though The CIA was no longer finaincing it.) When he died, Encounter contributing editor Geronwy Rees ( "R") wrote an obituary for him which described how his "tormented soul" had found 'refuge in the Church of Rome". It also mentioned his deep fear of ghosts and said that in his pre-conversion days, he had developed adeep crush on Mickey Rooney, whom he wrote love poems about. Joe Harder is NOT making this up. Zaaehners sucessor as Spalding professor was a Hindu anlaytic philoospher and logician, B.K. Matilal, who was also a close friend of Dummett.


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Today, University of Colorado Boulder graduate student Emi Tokuda is trying to find effective ways to battle melanoma, a notoriously drug-resistant disease that is responsible for 75 percent of all skin cancer-related deaths.
But not that many years ago, Tokuda was just a high school student trying to figure out what she was passionate about. Tokuda found the answer with some inspiration from her high school biology teacher, whose own love for her subject seemed boundless.
Tokuda is the subject of one of a slew of videos recently produced for LabTV, a new project backed by the National Institutes of Health and Google to inspire the next generation of bright students to go into biomedical research. The video of Tokuda, which was shot by Emilie Johnson, a graduate student in journalism at CU-Boulder, was announced as a Finalist Award Winner by LabTV at the Tribeca Film Festival in April.
Johnson was interested in the project because the goal of LabTV--to create profiles of young scientists who students can relate to--intersected with her own interest in science journalism. Johnson also has been a contributor to CU-Boulder's student-run Science Update show.
"I've always liked science, but for me, science was always over my head," Johnson said. "I enjoy taking scientific topics that might seem intimidating to myself or to a general audience and making them understandable; I know that if I understand it then my viewers will understand it."
Johnson, who is graduating this month, is also involved in several other documentary-style projects. She says learning videography skills has given her a unique window on the world.
"You get to see it in a way that most people never get to see it," she said. "It's an opportunity to hear stories that are untold and to see things that other people never get to see.
Watch Johnson's video profile of Tokuda below or see other profiles on LabTV's Youtube channel.


text: Leading Research & Influencing PolicyJustice means being morally right, equitable and fair. Changing lives for the better means giving people services that make a positive impact. Neither is possible without a solid understanding of what's needed, and a plan for how to provide it. Leading the WaySpecial Olympics leads the world in researching and addressing the concerns of people with intellectual disabilities – at 200 million individuals, the largest disability group in the world. We identify the pressing issues facing this group, commission and conduct high-level, externally validated scientific research, then reach out to the highest leaders in government, health care, education, the nonprofit sector and business to influence policy and to bring valuable services to those in need. Special Olympics' research into intellectual disability, and perceptions of those who have intellectual disability, is a catalytic force for social and policy change around the globe. See a list of research studies commissioned by Special Olympics.Discovery and ChangeLeading the Way. U.S. President John F. Kennedy congratulates his sister Eunice Kennedy Shriver after signing of a federal law supporting rights of people with intellectual disabilities.Our research study of the health status and needs for people with intellectual disabilities led to the U.S. Surgeon General's report, "Closing the Gap – a National Blueprint to Improve the Health Care for Persons with Mental Retardation." This report brought about a U.S. federal appropriation to expand the Special Olympics Healthy Athletes® program, which to date has brought more than 700,000 health screenings to athletes in 92 countries. Findings and challenges presented at the 2007 Special Olympics Global Policy Summit on the Well-Being of People with Intellectual Disabilities lead nearly 70 signatories representing global organizations and countries to endorse a statement of support for growing Special Olympics, and for promoting the acceptance of people with intellectual disabilities in society. After learning about the disparities for people with intellectual disabilities and the impact of Special Olympics on their health, well-being and ability to participate in society, and after seeing first-hand the abilities and possibilities of the athletes at the World Games, Philippine President Gloria Arroyo elevated the department that handles national disability programs to report directly to her. After Special Olympics research demonstrated the positive impact of sports training, Special Olympics and UNICEF launched a partnership to aid children with intellectual disabilities, focusing on health care, education, recreational sports and employment policies. The program began with Bulgaria, Cambodia, China, El Salvador, Jamaica, Panama and Uzbekistan. Special Olympics attitude research shows that the majority of people worldwide underestimate the abilities of people with intellectual disabilities. Our research also shows that their capabilities far exceed their expectations. With this knowledge in hand, we are opening doors for greater opportunities for them in education, health care and employment. Be a Part of ProgressWe are making progress, but we have so many more people to reach. Your gift helps Special Olympics continue to research and develop programs that influence policy on a global level – improving the lives of people with intellectual disabilities worldwide


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An area teen-ager is receiving a welcome home party after spending several months in a Louisville hospital. Josh McGavich, a sophomore at Glasgow High School, was severely injured in an ATV accident in April.
McGavich was riding with his cousin when he flipped over and landed on his head. Doctors said the chances of Josh ever being able to walk again were slim. After many months though in the hospital Josh is up and walking. He will even play on the football team this fall. Many family members say they owe their thanks to the Cave City volunteer fire department for their quick response.
The state is taking further measures to prevent accidents like these. In September a stricter amended ATV law will be enforced.
House bill 231 amends KRS 189.515(6) as follows, new language underlined: ¥ (A) A person may operate an all-terrain vehicle on any two-lane public highway in order to cross the highway. In crossing the highway under this paragraph, the operator shall cross the highway at as close to a 90-degree angle as is practical and safe, and shall not travel on the highway for more than two-tenths of a mile.
¥ (B) A person may operate an all-terrain vehicle on any two-lane public highway, if the operator is engaged in farm or agriculture related activities, construction, road maintenance, or snow removal.
¥ (C) The Transportation Cabinet may designate and a city or county government may designate, those public highways, segments of public highways, and adjoining rights-of-way of public highways under its jurisdiction where all-terrain vehicles that are prohibited may be operated.
¥ (D) A person operating an all-terrain vehicle on a public highway under this subsection shall comply with all applicable traffic regulations.
¥ (E) A person operating an all-terrain vehicle on a public highway under this subsection shall possess a valid operator's license.
¥ (F) A person shall not operate an all-terrain vehicle under this subsection unless the all-terrain vehicle has at least one headlight and two taillights which shall be illuminated at all times the vehicle is in operation.
¥ (G) A person operating an all-terrain vehicle under this subsection shall restrict the operation to daylight hours, except when engaged in snow removal or emergency road maintenance.