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Given two square matrices $A$ and $B$, how do you show that $\det(AB) = \det(A)\det(B)$, where $\det(\cdot)$ is the determinant of the matrix?
The proof using elementary matrices can be found e.g. on proofwiki. It's basically the same proof as given in Jyrki Lahtonen 's comment and Chandrasekhar's link.
There is also a proof using block matrices, I googled a bit and I was only able to find it in this book and this paper.
I like the approach which I learned from Sheldon Axler's Linear Algebra Done Right, Theorem 10.31. Let me try to reproduce the proof here.
We will use several results in the proof, one of them is - as far as I can say - a little less known. It is the theorem which says, that if I have two matrices $A$ and $B$, which only differ in $k$-th row and other rows are the same, and the matrix $C$ has as the $k$-th row the sum of $k$-th rows of $A$ and $B$ and other rows are the same as in $A$ and $B$, then $|C|=|B|+|A|$.
Geometrically, this corresponds to adding two parallelepipeds with the same base.
Proof. Let us denote the rows of $A$ by $\vec\alpha_1,\ldots,\vec\alpha_n$. Thus $$A= \begin{pmatrix} a_{11} & a_{12}& \ldots & a_{1n}\\ a_{21} & a_{22}& \ldots & a_{2n}\\ \vdots & \vdots& \ddots & \vdots \\ a_{n1} & a_{n2}& \ldots & a_{nn} \end{pmatrix}= \begin{pmatrix} \vec\alpha_1 \\ \vec\alpha_2 \\ \vdots \\ \vec\alpha_n \end{pmatrix}$$
Directly from the definition of matrix product we can see that the rows of $A.B$ are of the form $\vec\alpha_kB$, i.e., $$A.B=\begin{pmatrix} \vec\alpha_1B \\ \vec\alpha_2B \\ \vdots \\ \vec\alpha_nB \end{pmatrix}$$ Since $\vec\alpha_k=\sum_{i=1}^n a_{ki}\vec e_i$, we can rewrite this equality as $$A.B=\begin{pmatrix} \sum_{i_1=1}^n a_{1i_1}\vec e_{i_1} B\\ \vdots\\ \sum_{i_n=1}^n a_{ni_n}\vec e_{i_n} B \end{pmatrix}$$ Using the theorem on sum of determinants multiple times we get $$ |{A.B}|= \sum_{i_1=1}^n a_{1i_1} \begin{vmatrix} \vec e_{i_1}B\\ \sum_{i_2=1}^n a_{2i_2}\vec e_{i_2} B\\ \vdots\\ \sum_{i_n=1}^n a_{ni_n}\vec e_{i_n} B \end{vmatrix}= \ldots = \sum_{i_1=1}^n \ldots \sum_{i_n=1}^n a_{1i_1} a_{2i_2} \dots a_{ni_n} \begin{vmatrix} \vec e_{i_1} B \\ \vec e_{i_2} B \\ \vdots \\ \vec e_{i_n} B \end{vmatrix} $$
Now notice that if $i_j=i_k$ for some $j\ne k$, then the corresponding determinant in the above sum is zero (it has two identical rows). Thus the only nonzero summands are those one, for which the $n$-tuple $(i_1,i_2,\dots,i_n)$ represents a permutation of the numbers $1,\ldots,n$. Thus we get $$|{A.B}|=\sum_{\varphi\in S_n} a_{1\varphi(1)} a_{2\varphi(2)} \dots a_{n\varphi(n)} \begin{vmatrix} \vec e_{\varphi(1)} B \\ \vec e_{\varphi(2)} B \\ \vdots \\ \vec e_{\varphi(n)} B \end{vmatrix}$$ (Here $S_n$ denotes the set of all permutations of $\{1,2,\dots,n\}$.) The matrix on the RHS of the above equality is the matrix $B$ with permuted rows. Using several transpositions of rows we can get the matrix $B$. We will show that this can be done using $i(\varphi)$ transpositions, where $i(\varphi)$ denotes the number of inversions of $\varphi$. Using this fact we get $$|{A.B}|=\sum_{\varphi\in S_n} a_{1\varphi(1)} a_{2\varphi(2)} \dots a_{n\varphi(n)} (-1)^{i(\varphi)} |{B}| =|A|.|B|.$$
It remains to show that we need $i(\varphi)$ transpositions. We can transform the "permuted matrix" to matrix $B$ as follows: we first move the first row of $B$ on the first place by exchanging it with the preceding row until it is on the correct position. (If it already is in the first position, we make no exchanges at all.) The number of transpositions we have used is exactly the number of inversions of $\varphi$ that contains the number 1. Now we can move the second row to the second place in the same way. We will use the same number of transposition as the number of inversions of $\varphi$ containing 2 but not containing 1. (Since the first row is already in place.) We continue in the same way. We see that by using this procedure we obtain the matrix $B$ after $i(\varphi)$ row transpositions.
Let's consider the function $B\mapsto \det(AB)$ as a function of the columns of $B=\left(v_1|\cdots |v_i| \cdots | v_n\right)$. It is straight forward to verify that this map is multilinear, in the sense that $$\det\left(A\left(v_1|\cdots |v_i+av_i'| \cdots | v_n\right)\right)=\det\left(A\left(v_1|\cdots |v_i| \cdots | v_n\right)\right)+a\det\left(A\left(v_1|\cdots |v_i'| \cdots | v_n\right)\right).$$ It is also alternating, in the sense that if you swap two columns of $B$, you multiply your overall result by $-1$. These properties both follow directly from the corresponding properties for the function $A\mapsto \det(A)$.
The determinant is completely characterized by these two properties, and the fact that $\det(I)=1$. Moreover, any function that satisfies these two properties must be a multiple of the determinant. If you have not seen this fact, you should try to prove it. I don't know of a reference online, but I know it is contained in Bretscher's linear algebra book.
In any case, because of this fact, we must have that $\det(AB)=c\det(B)$ for some constant $c$, and setting $B=I$, we see that $c=\det(A)$.
Let $K$ be the ground ring. The statement holds
(a) when $B$ is diagonal,
(b) when $B$ is strictly triangular,
(c) when $B$ is triangular (by (a) and (b)),
(d) when $A$ and $B$ have rational entries and $K$ is an extension of $\mathbb Q$ containing the eigenvalues of $B$ (by (c)),
(e) when $K=\mathbb Q$ (by (d)),
(f) when $K=\mathbb Z[a_{11},\dots,a_{nn},b_{11},\dots,b_{nn}]$, where the $a_{ij}$ and $b_{ij}$ are respectively the entries of $A$ and $B$, and are indeterminate (by (e)),
(g) always (by (f)).
The reader who knows what the discriminant of a polynomial in $\mathbb Q[X]$ is, can skip (b) and (c).
Reference: this MathOverflow answer of Bill Dubuque.
EDIT 1. The principle underlying the above argument has various names. Bill Dubuque calls it "universality" principle. Michael Artin calls it "The Principle of Permanence of Identities". The section of Algebra with this title can be viewed here. I strongly suggest reading this section to those who are not familiar with this. It is an interesting coincidence that the illustration chosen by Artin is precisely the multiplicativity of determinants.
Another highly important application is the proof of the Cayley-Hamilton Theorem. I will not give it here, but I will digress on another point. That is, I will try to explain why
(*) it suffices to prove Cayley-Hamilton or the multiplicativity of determinants in the diagonal case.
Suppose we have a polynomial map $f:M_n(\mathbb Z)\to\mathbb Z$. Then $f$ is given by a unique element, again denoted $f$, of $\mathbb Z[a_{11},\dots,a_{nn}]$, where the $a_{ij}$ are indeterminates (because $\mathbb Z$ is an infinite domain). As a result, given any $A$ in $M_n(K)$ for any commutative ring $K$, we can define $f_K(A)$ by mapping the indeterminate $a_{ij}$ to the corresponding entry of $A$. That is the Principle of Permanence of Identities. The key to prove (*) will be:
LEMMA 1. Let $f:M_n(\mathbb Z)\to\mathbb Z$ be a polynomial map vanishing on the diagonalizable matrices. Then $f$ vanishes on all matrices.
There are at least two ways to prove this. The reader will perhaps prefer the first one but, (IMHO) the second one is better.
First way: It suffices to prove that the polynomial map $f_{\mathbb C}:M_n(\mathbb C)\to\mathbb C$ is zero. Thus it suffices to prove that the diagonalizable matrices are dense in $M_n(\mathbb C)$. But this is clear since any $A\in M_n(\mathbb C)$ is similar to a triangular matrix $T$, and the diagonal entries of $T$ (which are the eigenvalues of $A$) can be made all distinct by adding an arbitrarily small diagonal matrix.
Second way. Consider again the ring $R:=\mathbb Z[a_{11},\dots,a_{nn}]$, where the $a_{ij}$ are indeterminates. Let $A$ in $M_n(R)$ be the matrix whose $(i,j)$ entry is $a_{ij}$. Let $\chi\in R[X]$ be the characteristic polynomial of $A$, and let $u_1,\dots,u_n$ be the roots of $\chi$ (in some extension of the fraction field of $R$).
LEMMA 2. The expression $$\prod_{i < j}\ (u_i-u_j)^2$$ defines a unique nonzero element of $d\in R$, called the discriminant of $\chi$.
Lemma 2 implies Lemma 1 because $R$ is a domain and because we have $fd=0$ since $f$ vanishes on the diagonalizable matrices, whereas $d$ vanishes on the non-diagonalizable matrices.
Lemma 2 is a particular case of a theorem which says that, given any monic polynomial $g$ in one indeterminate and coefficients in a field, any polynomial in the roots of $g$ which is invariant under permutation is a polynomial in the coefficients of $g$. More precisely:
Let $A$ be a commutative ring, let $X_1,\dots,X_n,T$ be indeterminates, and let $s_i$ be the degree $i$ elementary symmetric polynomial in $X_1,\dots,X_n$. Recall that the $s_i$ are defined by $$ f(T):=(T-X_1)\cdots(T-X_n)=T^n+\sum_{i=1}^n\ (-1)^i\ s_i\ T^{n-i}. $$ We abbreviate $X_1,\dots,X_n$ by $X_\bullet$, and $s_1,\dots,s_n$ by $s_\bullet$. Let $G$ the group of permutations of the $X_i$, and $A[X_\bullet]^G\subset A[X_\bullet]$ the fixed ring. For $\alpha\in\mathbb N^n$ put $$ X^\alpha:=X_1^{\alpha_1}\cdots X_1^{\alpha_1},\quad s^\alpha:=s_1^{\alpha_1}\cdots s_1^{\alpha_1}. $$ Write $\Gamma$ for the set of those $\alpha\in\mathbb N^n$ which satisfy $\alpha_i<i$ for all $i$, and put $$ X^\Gamma:=\{X^\alpha\ |\ \alpha\in\Gamma\}. $$
FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM OF SYMMETRIC POLYNOMIALS. The $s_i$ generate the $A$-algebra $A[X_\bullet]^G$.
PROOF. Observe that the map $u:\mathbb N^n\to\mathbb N^n$ defined by $$ u(\alpha)_i:=\alpha_i+\cdots+\alpha_n $$ is injective. Order $\mathbb N^n$ lexicographically, note that the leading term of $s^\alpha$ is $X^{u(\alpha)}$, and argue by induction on the lexicographical ordering of $\mathbb N^n$.
Polynomial Identities
Michael Artin writes:
I'll disobey and make a precise formulation (taken from Bourbaki). If $A$ is a commutative ring and $T_1,\dots,T_k$ are indeterminates, let us denote the obvious morphism form $\mathbb Z[T_1,\dots,T_k]$ to $A[T_1,\dots,T_k]$ by $f\mapsto\overline f$.
Let $X_1,\dots,X_m,Y_1,\dots,Y_n$ be indeterminates.
Let $f_1,\dots,f_n$ be in $\mathbb Z[X_1,\dots,X_m]$.
Let $g$ be in $\mathbb Z[Y_1,\dots,Y_n]$.
The expression $g(f_1,\dots,f_n)$ denotes then a well-defined polynomial in $\mathbb Z[X_1,\dots,X_m]$.
If this polynomial is the zero polynomial, say that $(f_1,\dots,f_n,g)$ is an $(m,n)$-polynomial identity.
The "theorem" is this:
If $(f_1,\dots,f_n,g)$ is an $(m,n)$-polynomial identity, and if $x_1,\dots,x_m$ are in $A$, where $A$ is any commutative ring, then $$g(f_1(x_1,\dots,x_m),\dots,f_n(x_1,\dots,x_m))=0.$$
Exercise: Is $$(X_1^3-X_2^3,X_1-X_2,X_1^2+X_1X_2+X_2^2,Y_1-Y_2Y_3)$$ a $(2,3)$-polynomial identity?
Clearly, the multiplicativity of determinants and the Cayley-Hamilton can be expressed in terms of polynomial identities in the above sense.
Exterior Algebras
To prove the multiplicativity of determinants, one can also proceed as follows.
Let $A$ be a commutative ring and $M$ an $A$-module. One can show that there is an $A$-algebra $\wedge(M)$, called the exterior algebra of $M$ [here "algebra" means "not necessarily commutative algebra"], and an $A$-linear map $e_M$ from $M$ to $\wedge(M)$ having the following property:
For every $A$-linear map $f$ from $M$ to an $A$-algebra $B$ satisfying $f(x)^2=0$ for all $x$ in $M$, there is a unique $A$-algebra morphism $F$ from $\wedge(M)$ to $B$ such that $F\circ e_M=f$.
One can prove $e_M(x)^2=0$ for all $x$ in $M$. This easily implies that $\wedge$ is a functor from $A$-modules to $A$-algebras.
Let $\wedge^n(M)$ be the submodule of $\wedge(M)$ generated by the $e_M(x_1)\cdots e_M(x_n)$, where the $x_i$ run over $M$. Then $\wedge^n$ is a functor from $A$-modules to $A$-modules.
One can show that the $A$-module $\wedge^n(A^n)$ is isomorphic to $A$. For any endomorphism $f$ of $A^n$, one defines $\det(f)$ as being $\wedge^n(f)$. The multiplicativity is then obvious.
There are a lot of answers already posted, but I like this one based on the permutations-based definition of the determinant. It's a definition that is equivalent to other definitions, and depending on your book/background, you can prove the equivalence yourself. For an $n\times n$ matrix $A$, define $\det(A)$ by:
\begin{align*} \det(A) & = \sum_{\sigma\in S_n}(-1)^{\sigma}\prod_{i=1}^nA_{i,\sigma(i)} \end{align*}
Just apply this to $2\times2$ and $3\times3$ matrices, and you will get familiar formulas.
Now the proof below is a lot of symbol pushing and reindexing, and then a big subset of terms that are grouped together in the right way are seen to sum to zero. I would generally prefer one of the more geometric proofs already offered for this specific question. But at the same time, as an algebraist, I like to raise awareness of the permutations-based definition.
\begin{align*} \det(AB) & = \sum_{\sigma\in S_n}(-1)^\sigma\prod_{l=1}^n(AB)_{l,\sigma(l)}\\ & = \sum_{\sigma\in S_n}(-1)^\sigma\prod_{l=1}^n\left(\sum_{k=1}^nA_{l,k}B_{k,\sigma(l)}\right) \end{align*}
We'd like to swap the inner sum and product. In general, $\prod_{l=1}^n\left(\sum_{k=1}^mc_{l,k}\right) = \sum_{\bar{k}}\left(\prod_{l=1}^nc_{l,k_l}\right)$, where the second sum is over all $\bar{k}=(k_1,k_2,\ldots,k_n)$ with each $k_l$ in $\left\{1,2,\ldots ,m\right\}$. Here we have a product of sums with $m=n$. Therefore,
\begin{align} \det(AB) & = \sum_{\sigma\in S_n}(-1)^\sigma\sum_{\bar{k}}\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,k_l}B_{k_l,\sigma(l)}\right)\\ & = \sum_{\bar{k}}\sum_{\sigma\in S_n}(-1)^\sigma\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,k_l}B_{k_l,\sigma(l)}\right) \\ \end{align}
At this point, there are two types of $\bar{k}$ to consider. Remember, each $\bar{k}$ is an $n$-tuple of integers between $1$ and $n$. Some $n$-tuples have repeated entries, and some don't. If $\bar{k}$ has no repeated entries, it defines a permutation $\tau:\{1,2,\ldots , n\}\to\{1,2,\ldots , n\}$ which sends each $l$ to $k_l$.
Suppose $\bar{k}$ has a repeated entry: $k_p=k_q$. Then we can pair up terms in the inner sum to cancel each other out. Specifically, pair up each $\sigma$ with $\sigma\cdot(p\;q)$, where $(p\;q)$ is the transposition that swaps position $p$ with $q$. The contribution of these two terms to the inner sum is
\begin{align*} & \phantom{{}={}}\pm\left(\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,k_l}B_{k_l,\sigma(l)}\right)-\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,k_l}B_{k_l,\sigma((p\;q)l)}\right)\right)\\ &= \pm\left(\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,k_l}\right)\left(\prod_{l=1}^nB_{k_l,\sigma(l)}\right)-\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,k_l}\right)\left(\prod_{l=1}^nB_{k_l,\sigma((p\;q)l)}\right)\right)\\ &= \pm\left(\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,k_l}\right)\left(\prod_{l=1}^nB_{k_l,\sigma(l)}\right)-\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,k_l}\right)\left(\prod_{l'=1}^nB_{k_{l'},\sigma(l'))}\right)\right) \end{align*}
where the final product has been reindexed with $l'=(p\;q)l$, and we have made use of the fact that $k_l=k_{l'}$ for all $l$. The overall difference is clearly zero. So in the earlier equation for $\det(AB)$, the only terms in the inner sum that need be considered are those where $\bar{k}$ defines a permutation $\tau$.
\begin{align*} \det(AB) & = \sum_{\tau\in S_n}\sum_{\sigma\in S_n}(-1)^\sigma\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,\tau(l)}B_{\tau(l),\sigma(l)}\right) \end{align*}
Reindexing the inner sum with $\sigma = \sigma'\tau$,
\begin{align*} \det(AB) & = \sum_{\tau\in S_n}\sum_{\sigma'\in S_n}(-1)^{\sigma'\tau}\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,\tau(l)}B_{\tau(l),\sigma'\tau(l)}\right) \\ & = \sum_{\tau\in S_n}\sum_{\sigma'\in S_n}(-1)^{\sigma'\tau}\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,\tau(l)}\right)\left(\prod_{l=1}^nB_{\tau(l),\sigma'\tau(l)}\right) \end{align*}
Reindexing the final product with $l'=\tau(l)$,
\begin{align*} & = \sum_{\tau\in S_n}\sum_{\sigma'\in S_n}(-1)^{\sigma'\tau}\left(\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,\tau(l)}\right)\left(\prod_{l'=1}^nB_{l',\sigma'(l')}\right)\\ & = \left(\sum_{\tau\in S_n}(-1)^{\tau}\prod_{l=1}^nA_{l,\tau(l)}\right)\left(\sum_{\sigma'\in S_n}(-1)^{\sigma'}\prod_{l'=1}^nB_{l',\sigma'(l')}\right)\\ & = \det(A)\det(B) \end{align*}
This isn't strictly an answer to the question because it is not a rigorous argument that $\det(AB)=\det(A)\det(B)$. But for me the idea I will share carries a lot of useful insight so I offer it in that spirit. It is based on the geometric interpretation of the determinant:
Interpreting $A$ as a linear transformation of $n$-dimensional space, $\det(A)$ is the effect of $A$ on $n$-volumes. More precisely, if a set $S$ has $n$-dimensional measure $k$, then the image set $A(S)$ has $n$-dimensional measure $\left|\det(A)\right|k$, i.e. $\left|\det(A)\right|$ times as big. The sign of $\det(A)$ tells you whether $A$ preserves or reverses orientation.
Let $n=2$ so we are dealing with areas in the plane.
If $A$ is a rotation matrix, then its effect on the plane is a rotation. $\det(A)$ is positive 1 because $A$ actually preserves all areas (so absolute value 1) and preserves orientation (so positive).
If $A$ has the form $kI$, $k$ positive, then $\det(A)$ is $k^2$. This is because the geometric effect of $A$ is a dilation by a factor of $k$, so $A$'s effect on area is to multiply it by $k^2$.
If $A$ has $1, -1$ on the main diagonal and zero elsewhere, then it corresponds to reflection in the $x$-axis. Here the determinant is $-1$ because though $A$ preserves areas, it reverses the orientation of the plane.
Once you buy this interpretation of the determinant, $\det(AB)=\det(A)\det(B)$ follows immediately because the whole point of matrix multiplication is that $AB$ corresponds to the composed linear transformation $A \circ B$. Looking at the magnitudes and the signs separately: $A \circ B$ scales volumes by $\left|\det(B)\right|$ and then again by $\left|\det(A)\right|$, so in total by $\left|\det(A)\right|\left|\det(B)\right|=\left|\det(A)\det(B)\right|$. I'll let you think about the signs and orientations.
This argument becomes a rigorous proof via a proof of the geometric interpretation of the determinant. How to prove this would depend on what definition is being used for the determinant. If we defined the determinant as the effect of $A$ on $n$-volumes (in the sense above), we would skip the need for this step. (We'd still have to prove that for a linear transformation the effect on $n$-volume doesn't depend on the set; and to avoid circularity we'd need a way to define orientation that didn't depend on the determinant - in my experience many definitions of orientation do depend on it.) On the other hand, if we define the determinant in any of the more usual algebraic ways, we have something left to prove here. But I hope this way of looking at things is useful in any case.
(This is actually not an answer, but for some reason it seems I can't make comments. That lil window doesn't appear)
When you have diagonalized matrices, it's just very easy to see that $det(AB)=det(A)*det(B)$.
Since the entries multiply like scalars and the determinant is then the product of all of them. Keep in mind that the determinant doesn't change when doing a basis-transformation.
Unfortunately, not all matrices with $det(a)\neq 0 $ are diagonalizable, so this is no proof. But it may give you a hint why things are the way there are.
using simplifying "$\prod_{a\in A}\sum_{b\in B_a}{h(a,b)}$" I can give this computational proof:
$$\det AB = \sum_{\sigma \in S_n}sgn(\sigma)\prod_{k=1}^n\sum_{i=1}^n{A_{ki}B_{i\sigma(k)}}$$ $$=\sum_{\sigma \in S_n}sgn(\sigma)\sum_{f:\mathbb{N}_n\to\mathbb{N}_n}\prod_{k=1}^n{A_{kf(k)}B_{f(k)\sigma(k)}}$$
$$=\sum_{f:\mathbb{N}_n\to\mathbb{N}_n}\prod_{k=1}^n{B_{kf(k)}}\sum_{\sigma \in S_n}sgn(\sigma)\prod_{k=1}^n{A_{f(k)\sigma(k)}}$$ $$=\sum_{f\in S_n}\prod_{k=1}^n{B_{kf(k)}}\sum_{\sigma \in S_n}sgn(\sigma)\prod_{k=1}^n{A_{f(k)\sigma(k)}}$$
$$=\left(\sum_{f\in S_n}sgn(f)\prod_{k=1}^n{B_{kf(k)}}\right)\left( \sum_{\sigma \in S_n}sgn(\sigma)\prod_{k=1}^n{A_{k\sigma(k)}}\right)$$ $$=\det A \det B$$
Friedberg's Linear Algebra offers an axiomatic approach to determinants by showing how to characterize the determinant in terms of three key properties.
Definition. A function $\delta:M_{n\times n}(F)\to F$ is called an $n$-linear function if it is a linear function of each row of an $n\times n $ matrix when the remaining $n-1$ rows are held fixed. $\delta$ is called alternating if, for each $A\in M_{n\times n}(F)$, we have $\delta(A)=0$ whenever two adjacent rows of $A$ are identical.
Theorem. If $\delta:M_{n\times n}(F)\to F$ is an alternating $n$-linear function such that $\delta(I)=1$, then $\delta(A)=\det(A)$ for every $A\in M_{n\times n}(F)$.
To summarize, the three properties are:
Now we sketch the proof of $\det(AB)=\det(A)\det(B)$.
Assume that $A$ and $B$ are nonsingular, otherwise $AB$ is singular, and the equation $\det(AB)=\det(A)\det(B)$ is easily verified. The key point is that we prove that the ratio $d(A)=\det(AB)/\det(B)$ has the three properties. Then $d(A)$ must equal $\det(A)$.
If $A$ is singular, then $\det(AB)$ and $\det(A)$ are both zero. So, we can suppose that $A$ is non-singular. As $A$ can be row-reduced to the identity matrix, we can find a sequence of elementary matrices, $E_1, E_2,..., E_s$, such that
$E_1 E_2\cdots E_sA=I$
$A = F_1 F_2\cdots F_s$
where $F_i$ is the inverse of $E_i$, and is also an elementary matrix. Now the proof reduces to showing that for an elementary matrix $E$ and an arbitrary matrix $M$, we have
$\det(EM) = \det(E)\det(M)$
It is true because
(i) if $E$ represents a row exchange, then $\det(E)=-1$ and $\det(EM) = -\det(M)$,
(ii) if $E$ represents the multiplication of the $i$-th row by a non-zero constant $c$, then $\det(E)=c$ and $\det(EM) = c\det(M)$,
(iii) if $E$ represents adding $k$ times row $j$ to row $i$, then $\det(E)=1$ and $\det(EM)=\det(M)$.


text:
Is there a way to capture the order in which rows get committed in a table ?
Our application has clients that query the table based on a sequence_id column of the table, that is supposed to reflect the commit order, regularly. The largest sequence_id received in the previous attempt would be used as the filter to get the new rows.
How do we implement the logic of inserting rows with the correct sequence_id to reflect the order of commits. Using the sequence does not seems to guarantee this..

subset: commoncrawl


text:
USC Upstate students present Mamet classic
Published: Sunday, February 24, 2013 at 3:15 a.m.
Last Modified: Friday, February 22, 2013 at 4:55 p.m.
The student-run performance of "Glengarry Glen Ross" will take place at the University of South Carolina Upstate at 8 p.m. Friday, 3 p.m. March 2 and 3 and 8 p.m. March 3 in the Studio Theatre of the Performing Arts Center.
"Glengarry Glen Ross," by David Mamet is a violent, dark satire about scheming, avaricious real-estate salesman who stop at nothing to close the deal. It depicts small-time, cutthroat salesman trying to grind out a living by pushing plots of land on reluctant buyers. Their never-ending scramble for a slice of the American dream leaves them hard and devoid of morals. Mamet zooms in on how the struggle for money, power and male dominance can lead to destruction.
The cast includes Alastair Mann of Spartanburg as James Lingk; Chandler Crawford of Rock Hill as John Williamson; Juan Williamson of Bogota, Colombia, as George Aaronow; Ryan Barry of Spartanburg as Richard Roma; Will Patterson of Greenville as Shelly Levene; Seth Kemp of Landrum as Dave Moss; and Josh Wilson of Inman as Detective Baylen.
The play is directed by Patric Phillips, an alumnus of USC Upstate. For more information, email Phillips at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Tickets to the play are $2 and can be purchased by contacting the USC Upstate Box Office at firstname.lastname@example.com or 503-5695.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


text:
|Show All
Rules of Acquisition List
|Every once in a while, declare peace. It confuses the hell out of your enemies!.
|The Homecoming
In the episode "Prophet Motive", the Grand Nagus produced a revised set of the Rules of Acquisition whilst under the influence of the Bajoran Prophets. The following are the known rules from this set, all copies of which were destroyed when the Nagus regained his original personality.
|If they want their money back, give it to them.
|DS9 : Prophet Motive
|Greed is dead.
|DS9 : Prophet Motive
|Never place profit above friendship.
|DS9 : Prophet Motive
|Latinum tarnishes, but family is forever.
|DS9 : Prophet Motive
|Money can never replace dignity.
|DS9 : Prophet Motive
|A good dead is its own reward.
|DS9 : Prophet Motive
Additionally, the Voyager episode "False Profits" featured Neelix telling two Ferengi stranded in the Delta Quadrant that rule of acquisition number 299 was "When you exploit someone, it never hurts to thank them". We do not know if this is an accurate quotation; if it is, then we would need to believe that the Ferengi have added extra rules sometime prior to Voyagers accident and that Neelix has read up on these since.
In DS9's "House of Quark", Quark himself suggested an additional rule: Rule 286, "When Morn leaves, it's all over". Quark was bemoaning the state of his business at the time, and it is unlikely that this rule is a real one.
|Yellow text = Canon source
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|Copyright Graham Kennedy
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Tyson Gay Tests Positive for Banned Substance
Sprinter Tyson Gay said Sunday that he tested positive for a banned substance in a routine drug test collected this spring, on a day that several Olympic track medalists became ensnared in performance-enhancing drug allegations.
Gay, 30, who recorded the three fastest times in the 100 meters this season, told the Associated Press that he will scrap his plans to compete in this summer's world championships in Moscow and will travel to the Usada's headquarters in Colorado Springs, Colo., to be present for further tests. Gay couldn't immediately be reached for comment through his agent.
"I don't have a sabotage story. I don't have any lies," Gay said according to the AP, which said he fought back sobs as he spoke. "I don't have anything to say to make this seem like it was a mistake or it was on Usada's hands…I basically put my trust in someone and I was let down."
In separate incidents, Asafa Powell and Sherone Simpson, two Jamaican Olympic gold-medal sprinters, were recently notified that they tested positive for the banned stimulant oxilofrine, their agent, Paul Doyle, told the AP. Doyle couldn't immediately be reached for comment.
A statement Sunday on a Twitter account known to be used by Powell said the test returned "adverse findings" but went on to say "I am not now—nor have I ever been—a cheat."
Usada didn't confirm the specific substance for which Gay tested positive. According to Usada rules, the agency will now evaluate Gay's secondary "B" sample collected from the same spring session before he would face any sanctions.
Should Gay's "B" sample also yield a positive test, the results would be turned over to an antidoping review board, which typically convenes within three weeks of a positive "B" sample to decide sanctions. The athlete then has the right to contest any sanction sought by Usada.
Write to Sara Germano at firstname.lastname@example.com


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Wilfredo Lee/Associated Press file photo
Wilfredo Lee/Associated Press file photo
Kobe Bryant and the Los Angeles Lakers turned their attention Monday from bad basketball and trade talk to more somber matters.
The death of Jerry Buss, their longtime owner, was a blow for a franchise that so often was in the championship chase under his leadership. With Magic Johnson and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Bryant and Shaquille O�Neal, and finally Bryant and Pau Gasol, the Lakers won 10 titles since Buss became owner in 1979.
The Bryant-Gasol-Dwight Howard-Steve Nash combination isn�t working nearly as well.
The Lakers are 25-29, currently in 10th place in the Western Conference, miles behind the Clippers in their division and their own building and out of the playoff race. Gasol is hurt, and Howard has been unhappy, leading to speculation he could be dealt before Thursday�s trade deadline even though the Lakers have said otherwise.
Yet Bryant spoke confidently of a turnaround Sunday after the All-Star game, just hours before Buss� death at 80.
�I think we�ve been playing pretty well coming into the break,� Bryant said. �We laid a couple of eggs there against the Celtics and the Clippers, but all in all we�ve been playing pretty well, much better than we have been. We just have to continue to improve, and we�ll do much better in the second half.�
It starts Tuesday, with the Lakers looking to get back on track, the Miami Heat in command in the East and LeBron James in command of everyone.
Bryant blocked James� shots twice in the final minutes of the West�s 143-138 victory over the East on Sunday in the All-Star game. It was a rare failure for James, who has been sensational all season and whose Heat have hit their stride. Miami ran off seven consecutive victories going into the break and started to build a comfortable lead in the conference.
�We just want to play our game,� he said. �We want to continue to get better each and every game. Not waste an opportunity when we get on the floor. Play as a team, and if we do that, we�ll be fine.
The Heat overwhelmed the Thunder in Oklahoma City on Thursday in an NBA Finals rematch, improving to just 13-11 on the road. All-Star forward Chris Bosh said Miami is only a 7 on a scale of 1 to 10, believing the Heat still have to put together a string of road victories to prove they are really in championship form.
�Just the fact that we had room to improve, we can play better on the road, and we�re still first in the East, that means a lot to us and that means we can get a lot better,� Bosh said.
New York is the closest challenger in the standings, while Indiana and Chicago already have beaten Miami this season and could become stronger with Danny Granger soon returning to the Pacers and perhaps Derrick Rose coming back to the Bulls at some point.
San Antonio, with the league�s best record, Oklahoma City and the Clippers are the teams in best position to face the Heat if they reach their third consecutive finals.
The Lakers were considered a candidate, but that was long ago.
The summer acquisitions of Howard and Nash were supposed to get the Lakers right back to the top. But Nash was hurt early, and Howard never fully has recovered from back surgery, adding a torn labrum in his right shoulder to his problems.
He has not fit well in Mike D�Antoni�s offense and has acknowledged not always having fun this season. What�s more, he has given the Lakers no guarantee he will return when he becomes a free agent in July. But would they really deal a player who was the NBA�s dominant big man before his injuries?
�I don�t know what they are going to do. But at this point, it doesn�t matter,� Bryant said. �What matters to us is what we do on Wednesday and go from there. That�s the most important thing. That�s my message to the team, is that you can�t worry about the future, you can�t worry about the past. You just have to focus on the present.�
Paul also will be a free agent in July, yet the Clippers have far less reason to think he would bolt. They have built a team that�s been as good as any when healthy � a deep group led by Paul.
Four games behind the Spurs, the Clippers will have plenty of eyes on them heading in Thursday�s 1 p.m. MST deadline to see if they think there�s a move out there that would solidify them as a championship contender. Paul believes they already are.
�Whatever we have out there, we�re going to fight with. I don�t care what it is, either. We�re like brothers,� Paul said. �I love our team and what we�re doing, and we�re going to keep moving forward.�
So, says Bryant, will the Lakers. An NBA Finals duel like the one he had with James down the stretch of the All-Star game seems out of reach this season. Yet the way Bryant defended shows he�s ready for the challenge.
�My switch never went off. It was on all weekend,� he said. �It was good to see the guys, but at the same time there was an undercurrent that went on during the first half of the season that I won�t let go. Come Wednesday, we have to be ready to go.�
Mark J. Terrill/Associated Press file photo


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News Releases
Two outstanding female athletes and one outstanding team will be inducted into the Athletic Hall of Fame at 7:45 p.m. on Friday, Oct. 15, in Dulany Hall's banquet room on the Columbia College campus.
Monica Mueller Clayton-Softball, 2001-05
Lisa Marie Kowalewski-Women's Basketball, 2001-05
1989-90 Men's Basketball Team
A 6:30 p.m. social and 7 p.m. dinner will precede the event.
Monica Mueller Clayton - As a member of the Cougar women's 2002-2005 softball team, Clayton received several honors including First Team All-Conference each year, Conference Pitcher of the year in 2004 and 2005, and NAIA All-American in 2003, 2004 and 2005. During the 2005 season, Clayton served as team captain. She holds the Columbia College Single Season Strike-Out Record with 310 and the second lowest ERA in school history with a .550. Clayton teaches 6th grade in Hannibal, Mo., where she and her family reside.
Lisa Marie Kowalewski - Lisa Marie Kowalewski finished her basketball career at Columbia College as a two-time Honorable Mention All-American, two-time Academic All-American and four-time First Team All-AMC (American Midwest Conference). Kowalewski totaled 696 rebounds, 341 assists, 230 steals, 53 blocks and currently holds the Columbia College career scoring record for women's and men's basketball players with 2,079 points. While pursuing an overseas professional basketball career, the WNBA's Phoenix Mercury presented Kowalewski with an incredible opportunity in sales. Kowalewski lives in Phoenix and has worked for the past five years in sales and marketing for the team.
1989-90 Men's Basketball Team - The Columbia College 1989-90 Men's Basketball Team was the first Columbia College athletic team to reach an NAIA National Tournament. With a 30-8 season record, the team had the best regular-season record in the history of the basketball program. The team advanced to the Sweet 16 of the NAIA National Tournament before being eliminated by Oral Roberts University.
The team consisted of Stacy Batson '92, Corey Gulley '94, Jeff Hamilton '91, Marvin Malone '91, Thomas Roberts '91, Shawn Russell '91, Ed Talton '91, Kyle Thoma '93, David Williams '90, and Eddie Wilson. During the 1989-1990 season, Coach Robert Burchard was selected as Conference and District 16 Coach of the Year.
Columbia College, a private, nonprofit institution founded in 1851 in Columbia, Mo., educates more than 29,000 students each year and has more than 64,000 alumni worldwide. For more information, visit www.ccis.edu.


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I need help programming a NXT 2.0 Lego Mindstorms. I want to make the robot turn, stop, go back, etc. when the color sensors see certain colors. For example when the robot sees red it stops then turns. Please help me I am new to Mindstorms and programming.
closed as too broad by jncraton♦, Zhaph - Ben Duguid♦ Jul 29 '13 at 14:48
There are either too many possible answers, or good answers would be too long for this format. Please add details to narrow the answer set or to isolate an issue that can be answered in a few paragraphs.If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
As was pointed out, this question is not specific in nature, so it's hard to give a definitive answer. If you haven't already done so, it would probably be helpful head over to Lego.com and grab get the NXT 2.0 User Guide and perhaps begin looking through the sample programs.
This book may also be helpful to you:
The LEGO MINDSTORMS NXT 2.0 Discovery Book: A Beginner's Guide to Building and Programming Robots
If you run into specific problems as you are getting started, feel free to create a new question, and we'll try to help you out.


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EXCLUSIVE: WhoScored Interviews Andrea Ranocchia
Andrea Ranocchia will turn 25 on the 16th of February, and he is a young prospect; one of the most interesting centre-backs in the Italian football movement. He played for Arezzo in Tuscany for three years early on in his career - not far from his birthplace, Assisi, in Umbria- and then moved to Bari, in the south of Italy. With the Biancorossi of Apulia, Ranocchia first made an impact on Serie A in the 2009/10 season, with Giampiero Ventura at the helm and with a team - now heavily involved in the "Calcioscommesse scandal" - who were at the time one of the most interesting young teams in Serie A.
In the 2010/11 season, Ranocchia moved to Genoa and, thanks to manager Giampiero Gasperini, the team started to play with a three-man back line. In January 2011, he moved to Internazionale, where he has become one of the most valuable defenders in Serie A.
We met him, on a cold winter's day in Appiano Gentile - Inter's training centre, just outside of Milan - and he was friendly and helpful. He looked more like a student than a professional player, displaying both a shy and serious side to his character.
He is rated as one of the best centre-backs in the first half of the season by WhoScored.com's rating system, and he replied with interest to all of our questions:
- Andrea, how much of an impact has the new manager had on your game since his appointment?
Well, he had a great impact on me. He trusted me and believed in my potential from the beginning, unlike the previous manager (Claudio Ranieri) and that is extremely good for me. I worked throughout the summer to improve my style of play, and now I think we can see the results.
- Are the management or players at the club interested in statistical performance analysis?
Yes, I know that Stefano Rapetti - one of Andrea Stramaccioni's assistants and the one more involved in the athletics of the game - and our doctors are interested in statistics, and they are particularly involved in analysing data to prevent player injuries. I believe it's an important aspect of the modern game.
- Do you feel that live statistics have aided the game in terms of performance analysis and has it become more prominent in the game in recent seasons, or does it depend on the coach?
I have seen the film "Moneyball" with Brad Pitt, and I really liked it, because they talked about something quite unknown in Italy, but in the meantime, I think that American sports like baseball and American football are very different to European football. In our game, there is more tempo, not a lot of time to stop and think about the game. Football has become faster than in the past, and it's difficult to see an assistant on the bench with a laptop who can provide live statistics to the manager. But statistics in general are interesting, and I believe that football has to give more attention to that in the future.
- You currently rank as the top rated defender at WhoScored.com. How much progression do you feel you have made this season?
I think I have improved everywhere. When I came here in January 2011, I was very young, and since then, I have grown physically and especially psychologically. Now I am more confident about my potential and my capabilities, so I believe I am a stronger player than when I first came to Appiano Gentile.
- Who are the defenders that you most admire in Serie A, and who has been your toughest attacking opponent?
I have always had only one great example in the past, but he doesn't represent the past, because he is a current player: Alessandro Nesta. He is still playing with Montreal Impact in the MLS and he is the most elegant, reliable and skilful player that I have ever seen, a real example for me to follow.
There are a lot of good attacking players in Serie A, but the most difficult to face was Filippo Inzaghi, a centre-forward who usually stayed behind you, not in front, and for a defender that is extremely difficult. A defender needs to see the forward in front of him, but Inzaghi played behind your line, not in front, sometimes in an offside position, and that is very difficult for a centre-back.
- How has playing in a back three benefitted you personally and what areas of your game do you feel that you have needed to work on to adapt in that system?
I experimented with a back three line firstly at Genoa, with Giampiero Gasperini as manager, so I am now quite accustomed to playing in this system. I think that Gasperini is one of the best managers to play with a back three, and, after Genoa, he insisted on using the system here at Internazionale, and now with Palermo as well.
Playing in a back three requires more speed, because in comparison to a back four line, there is more distance between the three centre-backs and the two players on the flanks. Personally, I believe that playing in a back three has developed my physical strength.
- You have made more blocks than any other player in Serie A this season and rank among the top players in the league for aerial duels won, interceptions and clearances, but do you feel there is a part of your game in particular that you still need to improve upon?
I have to improve my capabilities against small players, the type of player who is not very tall or strong physically, but is very fast and skilful. I feel better with the typical centre-forwards, tall and strong, but I often have difficulties with smaller players.
- Inter seem to be in the race for second place in Serie A at the moment, but does your victory against Juventus earlier in the season still give you hope that you can challenge for the title?
That was an important victory and I am sure we can play for the Scudetto again. Now we are 9 points behind Juventus, and it's not easy, but when I arrived here in January 2011, we were 13 points behind AC Milan and, with Leonardo as new manager, we did very well and we arrived at the derby only two points behind them. I know, we lost that match (AC Milan won 3-0 and marched on to the Scudetto) but we had a great race.
- Inter are the joint-sixth best rated team in Europe's top five leagues on WhoScored.com. In what aspects of the game do you think you are performing particularly well under Stramaccioni this season?
We are better as a team in terms of consistency. Last year we conceded a lot of chances to our opponents, but last summer we worked on that aspect a lot, and now we are a better team. This season we are more confident about our potential and generally I think we are a more balanced team.
*To see more Serie A team and player statistics click here.


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Barnes & Noble: 75% off 2013 Calendars
You read that right. 75% off, when only 9% of the year is gone. Good through February 11.
3 Comments add a comment
seems that they should be 90% off at this point
Between cell phones and computers that we use daily why would one get a calendar? I just don't see the need.
not sure on this one. have to order $25 to get free shipping, otherwise you pay just as much in shipping as you do for the calendar. $7.73 + tax. still a good deal, but. if i select pick up in store, they say its $14.99.
Store and online prices may vary......ya think?


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Law school - and becoming a lawyer - are about more than what goes on in the classroom. Exploring your passions and interests, making friends, developing your leadership skills, and creating a network of future professional colleagues are all significant parts of your law school experience.Come and hear from students involved in a variety of journals, student organizations, pro bono projects and activities as they share their experiences. Lunch will be served. Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com
© Copyright 2016, The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York.
For questions or comments, please contact the web administrators.
435 West 116 Street, New York, NY 10027 — 212-854-2640


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I am quite new to thermodynamics and statistical mechanics so this might be an easy question:
In thermodynamics you get a bunch of thermodynamics potentials, so as for example enthalpy, internal energy, gibbs energy, helmholtz energy and so on. Now my idea was, that you use them if the natural variables related to this quantity are constant. But I do have a question of interpretation: It is always true that if you have some process that the difference of the thermodynamic potentials, whose natural variables are left unchanged is equal to the difference in total energy?


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When two magnets are placed within appropriate proximity and released, the attractive force will perform work and bring them together. Work is performed overcoming friction. Can we measure a reduction in the total energy of the magnetic field?
When work is performed solely by magnetism, is there an equivalent loss of energy from the magnetic field?
Yes, if you can measure the energy stored in the magnetic field, you should find that it is reduced when two magnetic dipoles come together. By way of explanation: the potential energy of a pair of aligned, end-to-end, identical magnetic dipoles can be found using the equation in this Wikipedia article, plugging in $\vec{m}_j = \vec{m}_k = m\hat{z}$, $\vec{e}_{jk} = \hat{z}$, and $\vec{r}_{jk} = r\hat{z}$ to get
$$U = -\frac{\mu_0}{4\pi r^3}\bigl(3 (m)(m) - m^2\bigr) = -\frac{\mu_0 m^2}{2\pi r^3}$$
Here $r$ is the distance between the dipoles and $m$ is their dipole moment. This energy is stored in the dipoles' mutual magnetic field. As they get closer, the energy drops.
It's worth noting that the work done to bring these dipoles together is actually performed by the electric force, for real magnetic dipoles which consist of current loops.
From the statements offered I can only assume that we don't actually KNOW the answer. If the magnetic field strength is reduced due to the work performed, either the magnet goes inert or the energy is replaced from somewhere else. My original question was more of a conservation of energy thing and the answered must be "it must be magic".


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Let a summation method take a sequence $(x_n)$ to a net $(y_\alpha)$, where $\alpha$ runs over a partially ordered set, $y_\alpha=\sum c_{\alpha,n}x_n$ ($c_{\alpha,n}\geq 0$, $\sum_n c_{\alpha,n}=1$ for every $\alpha$ and $c_{\alpha,n}\to 0$ in $\alpha$ for every $n$). Is it possible to find a sequence $(\alpha_m)$ of indices such that convergence of $(y_\alpha)$ imply convergence of $(y_{\alpha_m})$?
Take the Abel summation method as an example: the set of indices is $(0, 1)$, and convergence of the Abel means $(y_r)$ yields that for $(y_{r_m})$, where $(r_m)$ is an arbitrary sequence tending to 1.


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Angiogenesis and Cancer
Please use for reference only.
Julia Draznin Maltzman, MD
Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania
Last Modified: October 10, 2003
What is anti-angiogenesis and how does it apply to cancer treatment?
Angiogenesis literally means the birth of new blood vessels. (In Greek, "angio" means blood vessel and "genesis" means birth or beginning). Under controlled physiologic conditions it is a normal and essential process. For example, angiogenesis is a necessary part of fetal development, wound healing, and recovery from a heart attack. However, during the process of cancer growth and spread, angiogenesis allows the tumor to make its own blood supply in order to obtain the nutrients and oxygen it needs for survival. The result is a web of vessels that allows the tumor to grow even more and spread (metastasize) to other far away organs.
What is VEGF?
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a protein that is secreted by the tumor and acts on the VEGF receptors found on the endothelial cells. Blood vessels are lined with endothelial cells. For the most part, these cells serve to maintain the integrity of the blood vessels. However, various hormones and proteins can direct these cells. Cancer cells, for example, secrete proteins that command endothelial cells to grow and extend into the tumor mass itself. This helps to establish a blood supply so the cancer can grow and thrive. Once the VEGF protein binds to its complementary receptor on the endothelial cell, a number of signals or messages are initiated within the cell. These signals include cell activation and proliferation, cell survival and an increase in endothelial cell migration.
What is happening in the tumor?
As the tumor grows and recruits more and more blood supply, a network of small capillaries forms and becomes very disorganized. There is lack of direction to the flow of blood and empty vessels may form. The chaotic vascular system that forms eventually results in increased pressure. As the pressure builds these vessels become "leaky". To use an analogy, when more and more pressure builds with in a pipe due to increased or turbulent water flow, weak joints in the pipes may begin to leak out water. Similarly, as pressure increases within the blood vessels, smaller proteins and plasma can ooze out. These proteins will have nowhere to go and will squeeze their way in between the tumor cells themselves. The build up of proteins and plasma in the tumor mass itself is called edema. As the edema builds, tumor cells will become more starved for oxygen and other nutrients. Lack of oxygen, in turn, causes the cancer cells to secrete even more VEGF and propagate this vicious cycle.
How do angiogenesis inhibitors work?
The simple presence of proteins such as VEGF is not sufficient to ensure angiogenesis. For blood vessels to form, these proteins must defeat a range of angiogenesis inhibitors that hold back blood vessel growth. Researchers have found several naturally occurring proteins that can inhibit angiogenesis. Two such inhibitory proteins called angiostatin and endostatin seem to be particularly important. A balance, between angiogenesis inhibitors (angiostatin and endostatin) and activators (VEGF) determines whether a tumor can trigger the growth of new blood vessels. Researchers who study angiogenesis are investigating both the proteins secreted by the tumor and the cells that they command. They hope that by affecting the tumor's blood supply, the cancer growth may be stopped and the tumor may be eradicated. This has lead them to work on a class of drugs called "angiogenesis inhibitors".
Most angiogenesis inhibitors (anti-angiogenic drugs) work by either binding to the signaling protein (VEGF) and thereby not allowing it to interact with its complementary receptor on the endothelial cell, or, by binding to the receptor and blocking any interactions with its respective protein. One such drug that has received much attention in the press recently is called bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech). Bevacizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds directly to VEGF and prevents it from interacting with its receptor on the endothelial cell. Despite early excitement, initial clinical trials did not match expectation. The drug seemed to work better in combination with chemotherapy rather than single agent. Dr. Beth Overmoyer, Assistant Professor, from the Ireland Cancer Center in Ohio, during her cancer center grand rounds given at University of Pennsylvania on Sept 3, 2003, explained that she believes bevacizumab just "prunes" the vascular tree and serves to "normalize the tumor's capillary bed" so that chemotherapy, when given in conjunction to bevacizumab, is delivered more efficiently and directly to the tumor bed. She says that the bevacizumab changes the tumors blood supply to the "prevascular state" where organization and direction are still preserved.
What are the data?
The results of bevacizumab studies seem to be mixed. The most notable success has been in previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer. In a study presented this year at the American Society of Oncology (ASCO), bevacizumab plus standard chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil/leucovorin/ irinotecan) significantly improved the survival in these patients when compared to chemotherapy alone. Furthermore, the addition of bevacizumab to standard chemotherapy was well tolerated. From the side effect profile seen in its earlier studies, only hypertension was noted in this trial. Of note, the hypertension was easily controlled with oral medication.
Similar trials for metastatic breast cancer could not tout the same success. These patients were previously treated with one or two different chemotherapies before being randomized to receive either capcitabine (Xeloda, Roche) alone or in combination with bevacizumab. Although the response rate was greater in the group who received bevacizumab, there was no difference in overall survival, survival without tumor progression, or time to tumor progression in the two groups.
Currently the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) is doing a study in Non Small Cell Lung Cancer where bevacizumab is added to the standard therapy of carboplatinum (Paraplatin) and paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb). These data are not yet available.
Another coup for bevacizumab has been in renal cell carcinoma. Although a rare disease, it can be devastating. Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma were divided into three groups: placebo, low dose bevacizumab, and high dose bevacizumab. The trial was so successful it was stopped early as patients receiving bevacizumab had a much longer time to progression of disease than those receiving placebo. The higher dose seemed to be slightly better than the lower dose but at a borderline statistical significance.
Why the difference?
It is difficult to explain why the data are so mixed. Some argue that the reason bevacizumab did not show such success in breast cancer is that the patient group was heavily pretreated as opposed to the colon cancer group of patients for whom this was the first therapy. Others contend that perhaps tumor biology is important and the drug will act differently in different tumors. Many more bevacizumab trials are ongoing with these and other malignancies as more data are needed. Bevacizumab is currently under consideration for FDA approval for metastatic colorectal cancer. More clinical trials are needed to fully evaluate this new agent and identify the appropriate targets for treatment.


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Blue lingerie apron romper for $13.99 + free shipping
Royal blue mesh apron style romper with black lace trim.
5 Comments add a comment
That might be my favorite ohcheri lingerie I've ever seen on here.
Doesn't look like a very good apron though. No way could you cook bacon in that thing.
@publiclurker: If the Mrs came out intending to cook bacon in that, I'd serve her all sorts of nummy breakfast. Just sayin'
@jha1223: If the Mrs came out to cook bacon in that, I'd still want bacon...I'd just want other things too......


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I have always found OCR technology to be behind on open source systems. I've also watched the Ocropus project since its infancy. I've tried what I've heard is the best OCR engine available for Linux, Tesseract, and have found it woefully lacking for business documents. Are there any other more promising OCR implementations? What about the even more hopeful goal for interpreting handwriting? What is possible on *nix systems in this field?
I found a similar question over on StackOverflow and the Asprise OCR SDK, one of the linked commercial products, boasts a Linux version.
Well, depends what you mean by 'business documents'.
I tested cuneiform with some business letters and I was quite astonished by its low error rate (regarding mis-recognized characters or words).
For my use case I only need the raw text for indexing purposes - I am not interested in text to layout element mapping or something like that.
And the documents are just one column.
Unfortunately, cuneiform currently (as of 1.1) has some problems:
You can disable the layout algorithm like this:
Convert an image to text and print to stdout:
Display the supported languages:
Has issues with umlauts (when scanning with english as specified language).
Also supports 'Orientation and script detection' (OSD).
Text is printed by default to stdout.
In a business document, it missed an underlined word, where cuneiform/tesseract/gocr didn't.
Text is printed by default to stdout.
Sane has very good support for a lot of automated document feed (ADF) scanners, e.g. for the Avision and Fujitsu ones.
Included with Sane is the
There are few popular OCR command-line tools:
Other already suggested: ABBYY CLI OCR for Linux, Asprise OCR.
Read also:
For more complete list, check: List of optical character recognition software at Wikipedia.
... OCR is more than "only character recognition". Image handling, preprocessing - page/layout analysis to find the texts, images, tables or barcodes. For the recognition, you have to deal with different fonts, sizes and languages. This is important because to get good results you have to use dictionaries and language definitions. Finally people expect more export options than text (e.g., XML, RTF, or searchable PDF). There are some commercial options for SDKs, but they are not cheap and for free.
Recently I found a CLI OCR for Linux from ABBYY. There is a free 100 page trial.
If you have a budget, I strongly recommend ABBYY FineReader Engine CLI for Linux. Our company has been using it in our web-application for a year and we plan to renew the license. Very good recognition quality, command-line interface, recognition in many languages.


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Hunting and other recreational access to Sprewell Bluff will continue uninterrupted after a transition of the property to Upson County beginning December 5, 2012. Formerly known as Sprewell Bluff State Park, this area will still be owned by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources' Wildlife Resources Division, but not managed by the agency.
"The 50-year agreement between Upson County and our agency ensures that this area will continue to be accessible to the public," said Dan Forster, director of Wildlife Resources Division. "Personnel with our agency will continue to help manage the habitat of the area and provide hunting opportunities, and the county will take over the day-to-day operations."
Sprewell Bluff offers great outdoor recreation activities, including:
- fishing for bass and catfish on the Flint River
- hiking opportunities, including a three-mile winding trail along the bank of the Flint and up rocky bluffs
- bird-watching, including potential to see such species as tanagers, warblers, osprey and eagles
- swimming and boating, made easier by an on-site boat ramp
Visitors to the area will no longer need a Georgia Outdoor Recreation Pass (GORP). As part of the agreement between the county and DNR, the county has the right to charge a reasonable parking fee to members of the public who wish to park their vehicles on the premises.
Upson County has agreed to make the area available to the public, at a minimum, during the hours of 8 a.m. – 8 p.m. at least five days a week, including Saturdays and Sundays between, and including, the months of March and November.
For more information on Sprewell Bluff, visit www.upsoncountyga.org or call 706-647-7012.


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Hard Road for Drivers
Power Failures Fuel Gas Shortages, Knock Out Traffic Signals Across Region
Sandy-inspired chaos paralyzed New York-area roadways as residents struggled to cope with gas shortages, darkened traffic signals, and streets choking with gridlock.
Gas was scarce because of power outages at service stations, an infusion of drivers as mass transit continued to sputter and an inability of supply ships carrying fuel to enter local waters, officials said.
Lines of cars poured out of gas stations in New Jersey and New York, as some motorists plotted strategies to sidestep hours-long waits. In Brooklyn and Staten Island, police were deployed to keep peace among drivers fighting each other for the last drops.
"People can get a little feisty," said Craig Copeland, 54, who owns Craig's Service Center in Middletown, N.J., which pumped its last few gallons just before 1 p.m. He limited service to people holding red gas cans as supplies dwindled to avoid running out with 50 cars still waiting. "That's what creates the mob scenes," he said.
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg said the shortage was "one of those problems we're just going to have to live through." He said it would probably be resolved by Monday.
Sen. Charles Schumer said that after consultations with the U.S. Coast Guard and Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano, officials had agreed to reopen the Port of New York to allow shipments of fuel to reach the region.
"That will mean that our gasoline crisis should end shortly," Mr. Schumer said at a news conference on the Manhattan side of the Hugh L. Carey Tunnel, which goes to Brooklyn and has been closed by flooding.
With subways partially reopened and most crossings into Manhattan limited to cars carrying at least three people, the nightmarish traffic of Wednesday was slightly alleviated, Mr. Bloomberg said. Still, it remained heavy during the morning rush, both in Manhattan and downtown Brooklyn, which remains inaccessible to and from Manhattan by subway.
At the same time, people behind the wheel said that in most cases, drivers managed to cooperate as they inched through the region without signals.
"It's painful but you maneuver around the streets and you find your way home," said Vadim Fradlis, 28, of Midland Beach, a resident in emergency medicine. "People make a four-way stop. That's the way it works."
And is that working out?
"It's been all right," he said.
Transit Tracker: What's Running
Check the latest on trains, subways, and bridges and tunnels.
In Nassau County, on Long Island, the electrical grid crippled by fallen trees left traffic lights out of commission at many intersections. Some roads were closed, and police were directing traffic at others. "It's still a dangerous situation," said Officer Christopher Barling, a county police spokesman.
Where no officers have been stationed in neighboring Suffolk County, police have erected orange cones and barrels, mostly to keep drivers from making left turns, said police spokeswoman Sgt. Colleen Cooney.
In some places, drivers took matters into their own hands: One man in Huntington stood at an intersection with a cardboard, hand-lettered Stop sign.
Around the area, gas stations provided the stages for frenetic scenes. On 4th Avenue in Brooklyn, a Hess station limited purchases to $50. Donald T. Sabatino, a funeral homeowner, waited about an hour to fill up his hearse, a brown Cadillac.
"Tomorrow is a big day. We have three funerals," said Mr. Sabatino, who got gas before the station ran out at about 3 p.m. Later, a sign was posted: "Sorry only diesel."
Besides Mr. Sabatino, other businessmen found themselves crunched by the gas shortage.
Havy El Katibe, the manager of Blue Car & Limo car service on Atlantic Avenue in Brooklyn, said nine of his 12 cars were grounded, and his three cars that still have gas will join them in a few hours. "We're telling people who call to bring their own gas," said Mr. El Katibe.
A few blocks away on Smith Street, Avion Luxury Cars & Limo was closed. Two drivers stood out front next to idled cars. Sadeq Alhushaishi, one of the drivers, said beginning Wednesday night he and other drivers began looking for gas, but couldn't get any.
"We had to tell people starting about two hours ago, sorry, no gas, no car," he said.
The Automobile Association of America said Thursday that power outages at gas stations, and other damage, had made up to 65% of gas stations in New Jersey inoperable. Mike O'Leary, vice president at Raceway Petroleum Inc., a gasoline retailer, said only three of Raceway's 50 stations in the state were open. "I have been calling since 5 a.m. and turning over every rock" looking for fuel, Mr. O'Leary said.
Before running out of gas, the Shell station on Route 36 in Hazlet, N.J., sold 10,000 gallons to flooded-out residents along the Raritan Bay in five hours Thursday—as much as it normally takes three days to sell.
Harban Singh, the owner, said he had been selling it at pre-Sandy prices even though his supplier had raised prices by four cents a gallon. Now, like his customers, he doesn't know when the next shipment will arrive. "We are waiting," he said.
Some drivers dug deep in the commuter's playbook to ease their fuel anxieties, with some New Jersey drivers saying they had been able to get gas in the western part of the state, near Pennsylvania.
At the Grover Cleveland rest stop on the New Jersey Turnpike, where waits were more than an hour, Aisha Rodriguez of Carteret was devising a "very intricate strategy" to avoid the lines. "I'm plotting right now," she said, lowering her voice. Among her brainstorms: hopping into a friendly person's car near the front of line and sneaking a few pumps into her gas can.
"I'm going to get gas before these people," she said hopefully.
—Michael Howard Saul, Ted Mann, Will James, Shawn Bender, Sean Gardiner, John M. Biers, Ben Lefebvre and David Bird contributed to this article.


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Item #: MGD00
$869.00 Free Shipping
Earn $26.07 Smart Cash
Déjà-vu Chair
by Magis
designed by Naoto Fukasawa
Made using D-shaped aluminum extrusions and polished to a glossy shine, the beautiful Déjà-vu Chair is a modern dining chair that is perfect for either outdoor or indoor dining areas. Winning the Interior Innovation Award (Best Item) at the IMM Cologne in 2007, the Déjà-vu Chair comes with a pedigree and is sure to be an heirloom quality piece in your home.
Also see the Déjà-vu Stool.
Déjà-vu Chair Features:
- 31.10" h x 15.74" w x 17.32" d
- Suitable for outdoor or indoor use
- Shining polished aluminum re-imagines a familiar shape
- Sturdy and lightweight
Materials & Measurements
Polished aluminum
31.10" h x 15.74" w x 17.32" d
Polished aluminum
31.10" h x 15.74" w x 17.32" d
About The Manufacturer
Magis is an Italian furniture company that puts a high emphasis on design and technological innovation. Its products often find themselves on the cutting edge of both design and structural composition - many times almost as a byproduct of the designer's standards of what is good and necessary in a useful chair or table. Magis seeks to create items that can be used in any room of the home (indoors or outdoors) and add beauty anywhere. Founded in 1976 and continuing to operate as a factory-free organization, Magis uses local contractors and outsources its manufacturing to create greater flexibility in the design process.
Related Categories
|Naoto Fukasawa was born in Yamanashi, Japan, in 1956, and graduated from Tama Art University in 1980. He began his career designing products in the field of micro-technology, before moving to the United States in 1989 to work within the Silicon Valley community. Returning to Japan to start IDEO's Tokyo office in 1996, he held workshops entitled, "without thought." The big idea was that simple designs that blend in with our lives without our conscious intent make our actions smooth and our environment peaceful. Working with Magis to create the Déjà-vu Chair and others in its series, he won the Interior Innovation Award (Best Item) at the IMM Cologne in 2007. He is engaged in his work with young designers and teaches at several institutions of higher learning in Japan.
Shipping & Delivery
Shipping Type:
Free shipping within the contiguous United States!
Shipping Date:
Usually 4 weeks from the time the order is placed
Standard Shipping Method:
Fed Ex
Package Size:
31.5" x 17.32" x 6.1"
Package Weight:
13.2 lbs
For additional information, please see our shipping and delivery policies page.
Product Q&A
The Magis Déjà-vu Chair comes with a 2-year limited manufacturer's warranty.
Get answers before you buy. Call 800-260-8420 .


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Saratoga Trunk (Paperback)
The basis for the classic film starring Gary Cooper and Ingrid Bergman, Saratoga Trunk unfolds the story of Clio Dulaine, an ambitious Creole beauty who more than meets her match in Clint Maroon, a handsome Texan with a head for business -- and an eye for beautiful young women. Together they do battle with Southern gentry and Eastern society, but in their obsession to acquire all they've ever wanted, they fail to realize they already have all they'll ever need -- each other.
About the Author
Born in Kalamazoo, Michigan, Edna Ferber (1885-1968) was a novelist, short-story writer, and playwright whose work served as the inspiration for numerous Broadway plays and Hollywood films, including Show Boat, Cimarron, Giant, Saratoga Trunk, and Ice Palace. She co-wrote the plays The Royal Family, Dinner at Eight, and Stage Door with George S. Kaufman and was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1925 for her novel So Big.


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Digital Branding
Visitors to www.udel.edu experience content across many web pages hosted by a variety of colleges, units and departments. In order to maintain a level of consistency in appearance and functionality, it is recommended that the core elements of a University of Delaware official web header and footer be implemented on every web page. These core elements support the brand platform.
The official University of Delaware web header: A required element on every University website, the web header makes use of the primary logo, official seal and an optional college/departmental lockup system. In the updated 2015 Style Guide's "Identity System" this is referred to as the "Primary lockup system". A hierarchical system allows the University, the college and the department/center to be recognized consistently across www.udel.edu. NOTE: The university is currently transitioning into a new visual system for the official header which phases out the official typographic treatment, repositions the university seal and is functional on mobile devices. As this work is finalized with input from campus web developers, the new system will be deployed as a required element. Until that time, sites using the fixed and fluid legacy versions as offered through www.udel.edu/modules will be in compliance.
The official University of Delaware footer: A required element on every University website, the footer makes use of the primary logo, legal notices and general contact and copyright information. This is a brand-compliant but flexible system that allows for customizations. Many sites currently utilize the footer system offered through http://www.udel.edu/modules which includes options for self-hosting files and overriding defaults. For experienced developers, this code is easily modified to work for responsive breakpoints. In order to create functional systems for mobile viewing, the primary logo is not required for the phone break-point, as the University is represented by the address information.
- Offered in blue or white (for pages with background color)
Colors: The University's color palette is intended to translate from print to web – maintaining brand consistency across the two mediums. The majority of color systems are oriented around the use of the primary blue, with various secondary color systems offered to provide designers flexibility to work with existing systems. *All color decisions need to be considered for avoiding issues with regards to legibility for those visitors with visual impairments. Please refer to the accessibility page for more information.
The www.udel.edu domain
The www.udel.edu domain is an essential part of the digital brand. As our audience engages with us on digital channels, or reads print URLs in print materials, it is essential for there to be an awareness that "udel.edu" is at the beginning of their engagement with us – the place where they can find out what is happening at UD today. Requests for new URLs and subdomains are reviewed for their strategic value to the stakeholder, and against the backdrop of the larger digital brand experience. The digital team does not recommend the use of case-sensitive URLs; they are not user-friendly and require additional redirects to work on www.udel.edu.
Official fonts/web typography:
Typography has made many advances for web developers in recent years. APIs such Google fonts make is possible to go beyond native system fonts to design pages and improve the user experience. These systems are designed to deprecate gracefully to cross-platform fonts and CSS font-family properties. (ex: 'Arial', sans-serif;)
Currently, the digital team uses the Google font API with "Open Sans" to approximate Myriad Pro, and "EB Garamond" to approximate Garamond Premiere Pro. In both cases, the best practice is to fall back to a fail-safe system font by means of CSS font-family: 'sans-serif' or 'serif".
As students, faculty and staff communicate on and off campus, portable and online presentation software platforms like PowerPoint, Prezi and Google Presentations/slides are commonly utilized. The digital team offers presentation themes with essential institutional branding. Use of these assets is encouraged so that our University of Delaware brand is presented alongside the powerful ideas being broadcast in-person and online.


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Nancy Fried
Last Modified: November 1, 2001
Last Modified: November 1, 2001
Nancy Fried
New York, New York
Portrait of a New Life
Portrait of a New Life is about finding strength and moving on after a devastating loss. Twelve years ago, I was fi rst diagnosed with cancer. During those first two years, my art was about fear, loss and regeneration. My work always has been autobiographical, and since I use myself as a model, my sculptures have only one breast.


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I have a protein gel and I'm comparing the reduced with the non-reduced gel. On the reduced gel, I have a few shorter bands but these bands appear with low intensity. In the non-reduced gel, I'm seeing more of the shorter product? What would case the protein to run "smaller" in the non-reduced conditions?
The major effect of changing the redox environment of a protein is the formation or breakage of disulfide bonds. Under sufficiently reducing conditions no disulfide bridges will be present, while under oxidizing conditions your protein will form disulfide bridges if it has the ability to do so.
Disulfide bridges can significantly change the tertiary structure of a protein and change the behaviour of the protein on a gel that way. Generally, disulfide bridges should make the protein more compact and make it run faster on a gel.
It is therefore plausible that your faster band is the protein with disulfide bridges, which will appear to run like a smaller protein as it is more compact. The slower band then is the protein without disulfide bridges which can adopt a more extended conformation.
I'm assuming you're talking about native gels here, as denaturing gels usually contain DTT or beta-mercaptoethanol in the sample buffer to reduce any disulfide bonds and avoid this effect altogether.


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Not Available
Organic Safari Animals Nursery Bedding
- Overview
Lions, elephants, turtles and more create a sweet safari on our pure organic cotton percale bedding. These friendly creatures are appliquéd and quilted along the borders for added definition and depth on the quilt and sham.
- Pure organic cotton percale.
- Pure cotton batting.
- Quilt and sham reverse to white cotton percale.
- Crib sheet is organic 200-thread-count cotton percale.
- Bumper is organic cotton percale with a circle quilting pattern accented by colorful stitching; cotton batting.
- Pleated crib skirt is organic cotton percale with a colorfully pick-stitched border.
- Nursery Bumper Bedding Set includes fitted crib sheet, bumper and crib skirt.
- Nursery Quilt Bedding Set includes fitted crib sheet, toddler quilt and crib skirt.
- Quilted sham has an envelope closure; insert sold separately.
- Images provided (left) show bumper's distinct interior and exterior patterns; always fasten securely with exterior facing outward.
- Ties should always be secured tightly and positioned outside of the crib. When your child is able to pull up to a standing position, crib bumpers should be removed.
- Do not place decorative pillows in the crib while your baby is sleeping.
- Machine wash.
- Imported.
- Dimensions & Care
- View our nursery bedding safety tips.
- Made of 100% organic cotton percale. A percale weave is noticeably denser and wears well over time.
- Quilt, bumper, and crib skirt are Oeko-Tex certified, the definitive mark of excellence for products that are healthy for your children and healthy for the environment.
- Pottery Barn fitted crib sheets have elastic around the top and bottom only rather than around the entire edge, a feature that makes our sheets safer for your baby.
- Four-sided skirt fits around the entire crib and is tailored with split corners for easy placement around posts.
- Sham has a quilted front and an envelope closure. Insert sold separately; down blend or synthetic.
Toddler Quilt
- 36 x 50"
Fitted Crib Sheet
- 26 x 53"; fits mattresses up to 8" high
- 10 x 160"
Crib Skirt
- 28 x 52"; 16" drop
Small Sham
- 12 x 16"
- Machine wash in warm water; gentle cycle.
- Use only nonchlorine bleach, if needed.
- Tumble dry on low heat.
- Warm iron as needed.
- Shipping & Return Info
This is a general shipping item.
View Our Shipping Information
Return Policy
At Pottery Barn Kids, we take great pride in the quality and craftsmanship of our products. Attention to design, materials, safety and construction is our priority. We carefully inspect your order prior to shipment; upon receipt, please inspect your purchase and notify us of any damage. We will arrange for a prompt replacement. If, within 7 days for Quick Ship upholstery and 30 days for all other products, you are dissatisfied for any reason, you may return your purchase for a refund of the merchandise value.
If your return for Merchandise Credit Cards is greater than $10,000, we will issue $10,000 in Merchandise Credit Cards to you that day, and then mail additional Merchandise Credit Card(s) for the amount in excess of $10,000 to you.
We cannot accept returns on monogrammed, personalized, special-order items, or on items damaged through normal wear and tear. We also cannot accept returns of final-sale items, which are identified by a price that ends in $0.99.
For returns of items purchased from your Pottery Barn Kids registry, we will gladly provide a refund or exchange for the merchandise within 90 days of your event or within 90 days of purchase, whichever date is later.
For assistance, please contact Customer Service at 800.993.4923, 7 days a week, 5:00 a.m. - 9:00 p.m. PST.
International Returns: Online returns are available only for items that were shipped to the United States. If you would like to return items that were shipped outside the US, please see International Returns and Exceptions.


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This version of our popular 2 Liter Canister is designed specifically for carrying fuel on your motorcycle, and to be filled at any gas station. Made of high density PE plastic, it is extremely durable and perfect for transporting a little extra fuel on your motorcycle adventure.
Even a small amount of extra fuel will give you the peace of mind that you won't run out miles before the next gas station. This compact, 2 liter bottle holds just enough fuel to get you out of a pinch, or to use as cooking fuel.
We recommend using one of our stainless steel bottle mounts to securely hold this container to your motorcycle. (See part numbers 050-0858 and 070-0522.)
Never mount auxiliary fuel next to your exhaust, or in an area that it can be impacted in a crash.
No instructions are currently available for this product.


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The 7 Most Unintentionally Creepy Places on the Internet
The Internet is enormous. And given that it has, up to this point, been almost completely anonymous it's not surprising there are some pretty strange parts. So it takes a mind-bending, almost admirable level of dedication to stand out among the tangle of crazy. These are seven websites that prove the internet can still make the hairs on the back of your neck stand on end ...
#7. Edarem:
Meet the dark side of YouTube (we know -- you thought YouTube was nothing but one giant dark side). Meet Edward Muscare, also known as Edarem:
He looks like equal parts "unsettling uncle no longer allowed at the family reunion" and "half-mad grandpa screaming obscenities at the cat" with just a dash of Emperor Palpatine and two shakes of "fairy tale witch" thrown in for flavor. But his channel isn't anything too disturbing: He films himself giving opinions on current events, ranting about daily annoyances and lip-synching to his favorite songs. He looks pretty unsettling, sure, but it's also kind of cute: Here's this weird old guy just having fun and being eccentric, singing "Pretty Woman" and wishing happy birthday to some of his old flames. And then, there is this:
Yep. Registered sexual offender, convicted for sexual battery back in 1987. Remember that birthday video? Watch it again now, and the context completely changes: It's a terrifying sex offender singing children's songs to "the one that got away," Most likely from his van.
"Ah, Marisa. Sweet as honeysuckle ..." -Actual Quote.
#6. Reborn Dolls
Reborn-Baby.com is the website of an artist who displays and sells her handcrafted baby dolls, called "Reborn Babies," and don't worry, folks, it's not just a creepy name.
That does no justice to the true horror of the thing.
The glossy, dead eyes, the disturbing attention to detail -- even mapping out individual veins below the skin -- an unquestionably talented artist has used her gift to conquer the uncanny valley and rule it with an iron fist from atop Mount Soul-Rape in Involuntarily Urination Castle. To fully impress upon you the scale of their horror, there's not much we can say that the images don't scream inside of your mind with a thousand ghostly voices:
Here's one, right before it turns its gaze to look upon you, and begins singing.
The eyes -- it's always the eyes. They do not see, and yet they know all!
Oh, God, we were wrong: The hands. How are the hands worse than the eyes?!
#5. The Buffy Boards
You can find an Internet forum for pretty much anything, from fans of My Little Pony to people who like to get peed on by fans of My Little Pony. So at first glance, the Bloody Board, a forum for fans of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, seems comfortingly normal. They post tweets from former cast members of the show (mostly about how much it sucks to work at this gas station now), speculate about plot points, discuss favorite episodes and fan art -- the usual stuff. But on close inspection, something's just a little off ...
One user, "jamie_marsters" appears to be quite prolific, posting and replying many, many times a day. We suppose it's sort of creepy that she's taken the name of Buffy star James Marsters, and changed it to Jamie to imply familiarity, like an ex-girlfriend or an old babysitter might. A quick look at the profile statistics and things get much worse. Look at the number of total posts "jamie" has made:
Huh, she must be really into the community to make almost 40,000 posts. The only problem being: There's no community. There is only jamie_marsters. Scrolling through the archives reveals that there are virtually no other users, just this one, posting non stop, replying to herself, over and over again, every minute of every day for the last six years, alone inside her own dark little echo-chamber of madness.
#4. The Sim City 3000 Utopia
Vincent Ocasla has beaten Sim City 3000. For those of you saying, "So what? He beat a video game," you should know that beating Sim City is like finishing Pac-Man or arguing with your wife -- there is no actual "win" condition. Or so the creators thought, but they didn't count on Ocasla's unsettling obsession. He created a flawless, fully functional Sim City of roughly six million residents, and it only took him four years. Those aren't "in-game years" either -- those are actual real years of his life: 1.5 years of theory and planning, and 2.5 years of construction (read: clicking on water pipes and power lines while he slowly forgets what it is to experience human love). Though the object of this particular obsession is utterly harmless, the existential dread starts to kick in after you view his video.
The amount of sheer calculation and planning that has gone into this city is beyond any harmless hobby. While we were going about our daily routines, Ocasla was planning. While we were laughing, struggling and just getting by, Ocasla was planning. While we were making love and arguing and growing old together, Ocasla was planning -- planning his ruthlessly efficient, totalitarian dream-state. The ominous Latin names and sinister music in the video don't do anything to convince us he's not the next Borg overlord, either. And then there are his words. When asked about the fact that in his city, the average life of a citizen lasted only 50 years, he stated: "Health of the Sims was not a priority, relative to the main objective."
Main objective is efficiency; life is inefficient; life hinders the main objective; life must be eliminated.


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Mario Guerrera
Devoted husband, father and grandfather
Mario was born in Pontelandolfo, Benevento, Italy on Aug. 13 1943, son of the late Rocco and Maria Grazia (Mancini) Guerrera. He moved to Waterbury from Italy in 1962.
Shortly after settling to Waterbury he joined the International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craft Local 3 of Wallingford. He became a skilled concrete craftsmen and worked for various concrete contractors including Albini Construction, Ultimate Concrete and Waterbury Foundation.
He and several associates formed Brass City Concrete and Pumping Co., which they successfully operated for five years before returning to Ultimate Concrete.
He was a proud member of the Pontelandolfo Community Club and volunteered his time for many of its annual feasts. He was an avid gardener, enjoyed making homemade wine, playing bocce and traveling, especially to the "Old Country."
He was a devoted husband, father, grandfather, brother, uncle and friend who took great pleasure in spending time with his family.
Besides his devoted and caring wife of 45 years, he leaves two sons, Rocco "Rocky" Guerrera and his wife Camille, of Waterbury and Robert Guerrera and his wife Mary Beth, of Middlebury; a brother, Paolo Guerrera of Montreal, Canada; five sisters, Maria Guerrera and her husband Antonio, of Montreal, Canada, Rita Paternostro, of Waterbury, Antonietta Longo and her husband Armando and Carmela Paternostro and her husband Vito, all of Montreal, Canada and Vittoria Guerrera and her husband Francis, of Oakville, Conn.; a sister-in-law, Nicolina Guerrera of Oakville; two granddaughters, Isabella and Eva Marie Guerrera of Middlebury; and several nieces and nephews.
He was predeceased by his brother Pasquale Guerrera of Waterbury and a sister-in-law, Orsola Guerrera of Montreal, Canada.
The family would like to sincerely thank the VNA Health at Home of Watertown, Dr. Daniel DiCapua, neurology, of Yale Medical Group, Dr. Franco Galasso, Internal Medicine of Waterbury, and Dr. Zhang, Pulmonary Associates of Waterbury, for the care given to Mario during his illness.
Arrangements: Funeral will be held Monday, 9:45 a.m. from Chase Parkway Memorial/The Albini Family Funeral Home, 430 Chase Parkway, to St. Lucy's Church for a Mass at 11 a.m. Burial will follow at Calvary Cemetery. Calling hours will be held Sunday, 3 p.m. to 7 p.m. at the funeral home.
Members of the Pontelandolfo Community Club will meet Sunday evening at 6:30 p.m. at the funeral home.
Contributions may be made in Mario's memory to: ALS Association (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis), 1275 K St. NW-Suite1050, Washington, DC 20005.
For more info or to send E-Condolences visit: www.chaseparkwaymemorial.com.
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Avoid heat or flame.
REVIEW SNAPSHOT®by PowerReviews
Reviewed by 2 customers
(1 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
Very disappointed
By mmkoo
from Somerset, NJ
describe yourself Classic, Manicure/Pedicure Addict
- Chips Easily
- Does Not Work
Best Uses
- Weekly
Comments about Deborah Lippmann Gift Set Get Nailed, Nail Polish Set, 1 kit:
The set is good value, however very disappointed.
My nails are very smooth, ironically the base coat just does opposite to what it claims, making my nails appear streaky other than smooth. The top coat does nothing to my nail, adding no shine nor making it stronger or chip resistant. The formula of polishes are quite watery. The entire result is far from expectation. Doesn't recommend.
Bottom Line No, I would not recommend this to a friend
(1 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
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(2 of 6 customers found this review helpful)
Good value for Lippmann polishes
By just me
from utah
describe yourself Classic Style
- Easy To Apply
- Good Pigmentation
- Good Value
- Versatile
- Top coat bubbles
Best Uses
Comments about Deborah Lippmann Gift Set Get Nailed, Nail Polish Set, 1 kit:
This is a good way to try Lippmann polishes and products. The bag is cute and the pockets are a good size for polishes and other manicure goodies. The polish remover is good (comparable to zoya's). I like the basecoat, but the top coat bubbles on me. It is also a little difficult (stringy) to work with, but dries super fast and is nice and thick. The two colors are nice, classic options. The pale pink is feminine and work appropriate and the red is fun and classic. The samples of the hand cream are also nice. All in all, I'm glad I bought this set, because I've been anxious to try the brand for a while (I usually wear zoya, orly and opi polishes). I'd like to try the other top coat, but I wouldn't repurchase this one!
- Age:
- 25-34
- Skin Tone:
- Fair
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
(2 of 6 customers found this review helpful)
Was this review helpful? Yes / No
- You may also flag this review