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High Hopes
Professor Michael Gerrard talks global climate change with
Elizabeth Kolbert. Is there any hope for an effective international response to the problem? And could it be that U.S. legislation is the key to the equation?
Back in January, when Michael B. Gerrard joined the Law School faculty as the head of its Center for Climate Change Law, the veteran environmental lawyer realized he was diving headfirst into a maelstrom of extremely complicated and important legal problems. In truth, that was the point. "What I was learning about climate change was quite alarming," he says. "I felt an obligation to devote myself to the issue, to the extent I could." Fast forward six months, and Gerrard is working at the helm of the center during what is perhaps the most interesting time in history to hold such a position.
Gerrard recently sat down with climate change specialist and award-winning New Yorker writer Elizabeth Kolbert for a conversation on some important international developments in the field. He discusses the prospects for a meaningful international agreement on climate change and previews the international climate negotiations that will be held in Copenhagen in December. Whether those negotiations can produce a treaty, he says, may well depend on whether the United States can enact legislation this year creating a domestic "cap-and-trade" system—whereby the government sets an overall limit on greenhouse gas emissions and then divvies up permits among polluters. (Those who exceed their permits have to purchase more, while those who come in under their allowances can sell their credits.) Kolbert and Gerrard also talk about what American legislators can learn from European nations that have experimented with cap-and-trade systems, the utility of cutting-edge environmental lawsuits
brought against multinational corporations in foreign courts, and the extent to
which developed nations might need to subsidize climate change efforts in less prosperous countries to bring about global change. An edited version of their conversation follows.
Elizabeth Kolbert: Nationally and internationally, this is obviously a very big year going into international climate talks. I'm sure this is an issue that you've thought about. Going into Copenhagen, what do you think an effective treaty might look like?
Michael Gerrard: I have talked about that some in the class I teach on climate change law. The central issue in any international climate agreement is the role of the rapidly developing countries that are responsible for almost all of the recent growth in greenhouse gas emissions—primarily China, followed by India, and then several others. They consistently say it's unfair and unacceptable to require them to limit their emissions and thus slow their peoples' climb out of deep poverty when the Western countries grew rich as a result of dumping huge quantities of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere without restraint—gases that will stay there for decades or centuries. Finding a solution that both the developed and the developing world can live with is devilishly difficult.
There are other realities that make finding a solution terrifically challenging. I'll name three: First, much of the world's emissions come from deforestation in Indonesia and Brazil, something that is not easily regulated. Second, the production of livestock is another major contributor to climate change, but most people like to eat meat. Third, in many countries, the most abundant, most reliable, and least expensive source of energy is coal, which is also just about the dirtiest. An international agreement will probably deal with deforestation, will almost certainly dodge the livestock issue, and will come up with complicated means to reduce the incentives to burn coal—though under any scenario, a great deal of coal will continue to be used for decades, at least.
Any plausible solution will clearly involve a massive transfer of technology from the West to the East.
EK: And one of the things there seems to be a lot of resistance to in this country is the notion that we're going to have to do technology transfer, and even cash transfers—that we can't expect the developing world to just suddenly adopt the most advanced energy technologies without help from the developed world. The Europeans seem to be on board for that idea, while Americans seem to consistently resist it. But it seems virtually impossible to get an international treaty without that. How can we convince Americans that this is in our best interest?
MG: I don't see any alternatives to a massive transfer of technology and resources. But I think the central thought of an international cap-and-trade system is that you find the lowest-cost methods of achieving greenhouse gas reduction. Those are typically in the developing world. So, ultimately, it will be cheaper for U.S. companies to devote a lot of resources in China rather than in the U.S. Certainly in the long-term, the costs are far lower.
EK: A lot of people think international talks aren't going to go anywhere without something happening on a domestic level in the U.S. What seems to be on the
horizon there?
MG: There is now some hope that there will be a piece of U.S. legislation by the end of 2009, before Copenhagen. I wouldn't say there's much optimism, but there's hope. And people are working toward that direction. But I agree with you that if there isn't [any U.S. legislation by that time], then Copenhagen isn't going to be definitive.
EK: Let's talk about what you think an effective piece of domestic legislation would look like.
MG: We clearly seem to be headed in the direction of cap and trade. There just isn't the political support for a carbon tax. And I myself have some doubts about a carbon tax, notwithstanding how much it's extolled by the economists. I don't have confidence in the elasticity assumptions that go into seeing it as a be-all and end-all.
EK: What do you mean by that?
MG: That if you increase the price on carbon, it's very unclear how much behavioral change that will result in—how much that will drive down energy use.
EK: But, of course, people argue that a cap-and-trade system will be gamed to death. And certainly we're seeing indications of people trying to game it before it even exists.
MG: That's certainly true. But I don't know that it's that much more vulnerable to being gamed than a carbon tax. How many thousands of additional pages of the Internal Revenue Code will we need? The exact same political forces that will seek exemptions and waivers from cap and trade will also be working the carbon tax.
EK: So if you were advising Barack Obama right now [on climate change], what would you tell him?
MG: I think that he's off to an extraordinary start on this issue. And I would continue to press for action in 2009.
EK: So you do think that 2009 is his opportunity [for legislation]?
MG: I don't know that it's the only opportunity, but I think that there's an opportunity for action in 2009. And the problem is of such urgency that it's very much worth the effort. The prospects this year in the House are much better than in the Senate.
EK: The Europeans have set up a cap-and-trade system under the Kyoto Protocol. It's been fairly widely considered a failure. What can we learn from that experience?
MG: I think it got off to a poor start. But I think it's improving now.
EK: What lessons are there for the design of a U.S. system?
MG: Stand fast against demands for a lot of free [permit] allowances. And, of course, that's a battle that's playing out on a micro scale in New York with RGGI [the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, pronounced "Reggie"].
EK: That's right. That's a very fascinating development. Could you talk a little bit about RGGI, and what we can learn from it?
MG: RGGI is an effort by 10 Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic states to impose a cap on carbon dioxide emissions from power plants, and to require the plants to pay for the privilege of emitting each ton of CO2. It's the first mandatory cap-and-trade system
for carbon dioxide in the United States, and it is almost a proxy war for what is about to happen nationally. Companies that would be hurt [by having to pay to emit]
are trying to do a political end run around the overall system. And the first signs are
not encouraging.
For instance, New York State adopted regulations after a very long formal rulemaking process to say that virtually 100 percent of the [permit] allowances—that is, the ability to emit CO2—must be purchased. After those regulations were adopted, the independent power industry went to Governor Paterson and apparently persuaded him that some of their members should receive free allowances because they have long-term contracts to sell all of their electricity at a fixed price, and therefore can't pass the cost on to their customers.
EK: That seems to really get to the heart of the matter, which is: You can write the best regulations that you want, but if the political system is then going to do an end run around them, how are we ever going to effectively deal with this problem?
MG: Exactly. And if the theory is that we'll have regulation . . . provided it's
painless . . . we'll never get anywhere.
EK: And that gets us to the question that looks like it's going to be a huge fight: If we're going to do a cap-and-trade system, do we auction off the permits, or do we give them away? Obama has proposed a 100 percent auction, but there seems to be a lot of concern that that's going to just get chipped away.
MG: Right. And, of course, that was the problem with the European system. They gave away so many of the allowances.
EK: And the cost of permits was nothing, virtually.
MG: It became a wonderful windfall for the utilities with the free allowances, and they could sell them.
EK: Considering New York's experience with RGGI, and watching what's happening on Capitol Hill, what do you see as the prospects for effective federal legislation?
MG: I think that we will have federal legislation. I think that it will not be as strong as many of us had hoped, but it will be a foundation. One of the real possibilities is that Congress will do what the California legislature did and what the New Jersey legislature did: That is to just punt many of the important decisions to the administration.
EK: But maybe that would be good.
MG: Yes, if you have an administration that is strong and resolute.
EK: One of the points that people sometimes make is that this is our only shot. The scientific community would say time is very, very short, or maybe gone. And one of the points the political community might make is that you don't get another shot at this legislation. You pass this legislation, and you're going to live with it for a long time. Do you agree with that? I mean, that puts a lot of weight on what happens in the next couple of years.
MG: Yes—well, certainly on the scientific part of it; I'm not going to argue about that. I mean, you know better than I. It's fundamentally frightening. But we have had incrementalism in energy legislation. There were important energy bills passed in 2005 and 2007, and the stimulus package of 2009. And we may have another one later this year or in 2010. Each of them adds to renewables and efficiency and so forth. So I don't necessarily go along with the thought that this is our only shot at it. But it's our best shot, and there certainly is a concern that once Congress passes a greenhouse gas law, it won't want to look at it again for several years. It will want to grapple with health care and lots of other problems. So it's certainly worth every effort to get as strong a law as you can now.
EK: This goes beyond the scope of law into national psychology, but why has it taken us so long—and we're still not there—to grapple with this problem? You've been involved in a lot of environmental issues. Why has this one taken so long? Or is this a timetable that all environmental legislation seems to follow?
MG: It has been a long time since there was a sense of national shared sacrifice. The aura of World War II is a very long time ago, and the psychology of the nation has been that we can have it all. And most of the major federal environmental statutes fell hot on the heels of environmental disasters. Exxon Valdez led to the Oil Pollution Act. The Torrey Canyon and Santa Barbara disasters led to the Clean Water Act. Love Canal led to Superfund. And although there are many climate disasters, they haven't been noticed to the extent they should be. And the causation isn't as stark.
There's also a disturbingly lingering respectability to climate skepticism. The Wall Street Journal editorial page has much more influence than the Journal of Geophysical Research. And that has provided excuses for members of Congress not to act differently. I still hear very sophisticated business people ask whether sunspots are behind it all.
EK: Do you want to put that one to rest in the pages of this magazine?
MG: [Laughs] That's not my discipline. But all the scientists I have talked to say that they have looked at all the natural causes, and none of them can account for the trends in temperature we've been seeing. Columbia University has some of the world's leading scientists studying climate, and they are utterly uniform in saying that humans are causing catastrophic climate change.
EK: Getting back to your point—and I think that it's such a crucial point; many politicians have made it to me, as well—that legislation usually follows a crisis. The problem here is that once we get to a crisis, we can't rectify it, and also that we're ensuring a crisis for future generations. So it does seem to be a situation that almost defies our conventional politics.
MG: But it is very encouraging to see so many young people take this up as the cause of their generation. When I was 20, the Vietnam War was the cause of our generation, and many of us looked at everything the government did through that lens. I think we are increasingly seeing today's young people look at government and private action through the lens of climate change, which is encouraging. The mission of the Center for Climate Change Law is to develop legal tools to fight global warming and to train the next generation of leaders in their use. The intense interest of so many extraordinarily bright students at Columbia bodes well for fulfilling this mission. The challenges are great, but these young people seem up to it.
EK: Do you see any creative approaches out there [to addressing this issue]? I mean, you've done a lot of litigation in your time.
MG: One thing that is now bubbling up to the surface is there are efforts—or there will soon be efforts; I hear people talking about it—to bring lawsuits in the courts of countries that are especially affected by climate change. If somebody brings a lawsuit in the courts of Bangladesh against big emitters and gets a decision there, can you take that judgment and enforce it abroad?
EK: This would be a suit against a big multinational?
MG: Right. Now, the first question is: Could you enforce [such a judgment] against
the assets of the multinational in that country, which raises all kinds of political
issues in that country—and especially in countries that don't have a tradition of an
independent judiciary.
I have real doubts about the effectiveness of tort litigation as a strategy to fight climate change, especially given the potentially enormous numbers of defendants, as well as plaintiffs; the impossibility of linking a particular plaintiff's injury to a particular defendant's actions; and the central role of government policy in shaping private companies' energy practices. But the climate change problem is so large that every imaginable legal theory will be thrown at it, and some of them might stick.
EK: Considering some of the litigation you've been involved in—some of the really major landmark cases of the last 30 years or so—that experience must inform you. Looking forward at climate change, what lessons did you learn that might be brought to bear on this issue?
MG: That enormous patience is required . . . because some of these cases take a decade. But they are also effective ways to uncover and marshal evidence and to bring pressure to bear on several different fronts. So it's an important element of the mix. But in none of the big cases that I've been involved with was it the law alone that did the trick. It's always the law in combination with political, economic, and social forces.
EK: You must have gotten a lot of responses from people about [deciding to lead the Center for Climate Change Law]. Do you feel that people in the legal community, in the world, are increasingly concerned about climate change?
MG: Oh, yes. I received very positive reactions. People felt that after doing one thing [practicing environmental law in the private sector] for 30 years, it's interesting to do something else, and also that my new venture is quite important. I'm also seeing wonderful student reaction. When I first signed up to teach the course on climate change, the registrar's office suggested putting me in a classroom that would accommodate 20 or 30 people. I said that I might have more than that. So they gave me a classroom that accommodates 60 people, and I have 60 students—45 law students and 15 from other graduate schools at the University. These students are eager to become involved in the work of the center, which makes me optimistic that we will achieve both our goals of developing new legal tools and training future leaders.
EK: Look five years down the road: What do you think/hope will have occurred
by 2014?
MG: I hope that we will be well into the implementation of a federal regulatory program and that the country will be well on the way toward transforming its energy economy to one that's far more efficient and uses less fossil fuels. And I'm also hopeful that this energy revolution will have carried over to China and India and other rapidly developing countries.


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AP Exams
Advanced Placement Examinations
Advanced Placement (AP) examinations in most subjects cover a full-year college course equivalent to eight semester hours of credit. Some subject areas (marked with an asterisk) are equivalent to one semester of college-level course work and are awarded credit based on the semester hours for the equivalent course at Westminster. A score of 3 is the minimum score accepted by the college; however, individual departments may require a minimum score of 4 or 5 to award credit for the equivalent course at Westminster. Students may receive a maximum of 40 hours of Advanced Placement credit.
Click here to view the Academic Catalog page regarding AP examinations.

subset: commoncrawl


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Roaring '20s Great Gatsby Nite: A Banned and Challenged Classic
Location:St. Helena Branch
Date & Time:Tuesday, September 24, 2013 - 4:30pm – 7:45pm
Watch the 2013 film adaptation and chat about the challenged classic, The Great Gatsby. Challenged by the Baptist College in Charleston in 1987, it is now required reading at many high schools across America. This program is intended for teens and adults.


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Suppose $V$ is an $n$-dimensional vector space over the finite field $\mathbb{F}_p$ for some prime $p$. How do I show that $V$ has $p^n$ elements? I was thinking that considering $n$ basis elements one can show that each element of the basis spans its own subspace which doesn't have any other basis elements, but how do I show that there are exactly $p^n$ elements overall?
Let $(e_1,\dots,e_n)$ be a base of $V$ as a $\mathbb{F}_p$-vector space. By definition of a basis, the application $$ \begin{array}{rcl}(\mathbb{F}_p)^n & \longrightarrow & V\\(x_1,\dots,x_n) & \longmapsto & x_1e_1 + \dots + x_n e_n\end{array} $$ yields an isomorphism $V \simeq (\mathbb{F}_p)^n$. In particular, $\text{card}V = \text{card}(\mathbb{F}_p)^n = p^n$.
Since $V$ is $n$-dimensional over $\mathbb{F}_p$, any given element $v\in V$ can be written as $$v=\lambda _1 v_1 + \cdots +\lambda _nv_n$$ for some $\lambda _1,\dots ,\lambda _n \in \mathbb{F}_p$, where $\{v_1 ,\dots ,v_n\}$ is a basis of $V$ over $\mathbb{F}_p$. For each $v_i$ you have $p$ possibilities for $\lambda _i$, it follows that, since $\{v_1 ,\dots ,v_n\}$ is a basis, you have $p^n$ such $v$'s.
Every $n$-dimensional vector space is isomorphic to $\mathbb{F}_p^n$ by choosing a basis. In particular it suffices to prove the statement for $\mathbb{F}_p^n$, where it follows by counting.
It is, as Julian says, a simple counting problem. Consider an "empty n-tuple" to be filled with elements from a field, F, with p elements. You have p choices for each of n spaces to fill. Therefore p^n elements.


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I'm a retired Industrial Chemist, who has for a long time been interested in Etymology, and the history of the English language, and also more generally in Philology (historical Linguistics), particularly of the Indo - European languages. I first developed this interest via Archaeology, on reading Ernst Doeblhofer's Voices in Stone. I can follow with some difficulty French, Spanish, Italian, German and Russian if they are spoken slowly. I find it difficult to master a language to the point of being able to think in it, but have set myself the challenge of learning Cornish in my retirement, to get a Celtic language under my belt. I would also like to get some knowlege of Lithuanian or Latvian (the Baltic group), and one of the Indo - Iranian languages. My hero in linguistic matters is Mario Pei, who was fluent in 300 languages, and could make himself understood in another 1000 or so.
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Covered & open porches
I have alway wanted a covered deck to sit out on to enjoy during rain, snow, hot sunny days, etc. So my wife and I decided to undertake this project, since we are not getting any younger. ( I am 79). It was challenging, fun, and worth every minute that we spent building it. We savor our morning coffee, and our evening drinks relaxing and enjoying the peaceful river flowing by. I am so glad that Ryobi tools helped to make this dream come true, it just doesn't get any better than this!
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Here's my setup, I use Ubuntu One on Ubuntu, Android and Windows 7.
I recently updated my Ubuntu One client for Windows, don't know which exact version. And by the way, where can I check that?
It works. But the strange thing is that when I open the Ubuntu One app, I see the indication "File Sync in progress..." and it stays that way all the time.
But, it works! Also when I click the right mouse button in the notification on the Ubuntu One icon, I see the options and the menu says : "File Sync is up to date"
And it really is. I just checked it by modifying a couple of files and than logging from the Web interface. The files were synchronized.
Has anybody else come across this?


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What size chain is typically used when hanging a porch swing?
A standard double loop chain is often used for porch swings.
Assuming three hefty occupants (~250 lbs each) and a 100 lb swing, you're up to a load of 850 lbs. If you use 4 lengths of chain to connect the swing, that's 212.5 lbs per chain. So you need at least 2/0 chain, which is rated to a working load of 255 lbs and an UTS of 1020 lbs.
EDIT: If you're a nerd/engineer like me, you can get more technical and take into account angle of the chains from vertical and normal acceleration from swinging. Then your equation comes to:
which will be a bit more than 255 lbs if you're swinging very fast, or have very short chains or a very wide swing. In that case, you may want to go with 3/0 chain.
Pick out the strongest chain that's in your budget and matches your desired aesthetic, then make sure it's no weaker than Doresoom's answer recommends. There's no reason to skimp on vertical supports. Maybe four 300 pound guys are all going to sit down at the same time one day.


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I noticed in the Prestige Shop there is an option for 10th level prestige where you can reset all stats. What is the purpose of it? The only use I could think of is using it after you've beat the multiplayer and just feel like beating it again for the hell of it.
People care a lot about their stats, whether its accuracy, kill/death, win/loss, or highest kill streak. In the previous Call of Duties people often struggled with trying a new gun and getting good at it vs using a gun your already good with and helping your kill/death.
By allowing the ability to reset, people can take the game a little less seriously. They can experiment with guns and play styles they previously would never try knowing they can always reset and try again. In the end allowing players reset their stats it relieves a lot of stress from players over concern about their stats, and lets them start over from scratch enjoying that initial "unlock excitement" that a fresh account gives.
I believe that the intent is to give you something to do once you've hit the max level on the 10th prestige.
The goal with this Modern Warfare iteration seems to be to keep you playing all year long - they've taken a lot of the pain out of Prestige mode with Prestige Tokens, and they're pushing incremental content monthly with CoD: Elite Premium. I think this is just one more way to convince people to keep playing even after they top out the Prestige ladder.
I have to assume there's some custom Emblem/Title so that you can tell the world that you've played the game so long you've wrapped it completely around again, but I'll probably never confirm this theory :)
It resets everything.
I thought it would just be kill/death and win/loss ratios not prestige level, but I spent hours and days to get to final prestige to reset stats and it started me back at level 1 with no special distinction to say I made it all the way already.
You get nothing but a new start at level 1. I did it today and lost everything including your rank emblems and titles. The only thing I didn't like about the reset is there is no way to prove it unless you have elite or all your friends watching you like I did and even then people don't always think you are for real until you show them. It took me 3 weeks to hit 10th, not going to be that hard to get back with a better k/d.
So, you're saying that you received no special emblem or title for going through 10 prestiges and resetting your stats?
There are a couple of emblems that I saw on this website (and 1 in-game) that I figured you might get if you reset.
Row 8 (last emblem)
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I explored the large area called the Temple Steppes and found a locked golden chest. I'm guessing there is a large champion I need to kill in order to get the key but I can't seem to find it. I've looked all over the map and had no luck. Is this a bug? Is the key somewhere else? Did I really just miss the champion?
Find an enemy called Bittersprite on the same map as the Locked Golden Chest. Bittersprite looks like a large wasp or hornet. It is not necessarily near the chest, it can be anywhere on the map. You can see it floating in the top-right area of this screenshot:
Kill the Bittersprite and it will drop a Golden Key. The key will not appear in your inventory when you pick it up, but in the top-right corner of the screen it will say -You Found- and show a picture of the key. You can now open the Locked Golden Chest.
You have to kill a mob called Bitter Spire, it's a bird
It's located to the right of the waypoint.
Take 2 right turns from the waypoint, basically head west. It's no more than a 4 second run from the way point. You may have to clear the map first, like I did.
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In programming, there is often a canonical book for a particular topic, like the dragon book for compilers, K&R for C, etc.
Is their a book regarding modern database design that simply must be read by anyone that would hope to eventually design databases?
I'm not looking for a bunch of recommendations here. The answer I'm looking for is either "Yes, it's [Title, author]." or "No, there are many good books on databases, but no one must-read."


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Parking Pass: Los Angeles Lakers vs Sacramento KingsSun, November 24, 2013 - 6:25 PMStaples Center Parking Lots in Los Angeles, CA
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'Hobbit': A Middling Middle-earth
The Hobbit: Gollum's Secrets & Star's Stories
Watch Off Duty Videos on YouTube
When young Bilbo Baggins finally exclaims "I'm going on an adventure!", it's at the end of a long, leisurely and retrospective introduction in Peter Jackson's "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey," an extremely long film that introduces the rest of the projected trilogy. If not for the production's peerless visuals, the pace of its first 45 minutes or so would be soporific. Still, Martin Freeman makes an endearing Bilbo, fearful and fey yet clearly up for a call to perilous action, and if that action is slow to come, it's certainly spectacular once Bilbo leaves his cozy shire. Coming after "The Lord of the Rings" trilogy, this adaptation of the J.R.R. Tolkien children's classic suffers by comparison in the sterner shire of showmanship, and the rewards of its new-tech projection system are peculiarly mixed. On the other hand, Gollum is back in all his scrofulous glory, and several set pieces fill the screen with a wealth of detail that would have left Tolkien reeling in astonishment.
The action, set in Middle-earth 60 years before "The Lord of the Rings," is relatively straightforward in the screen adaptation that the director wrote with Fran Walsh and Philippa Boyens, as well as Guilllermo del Toro, who'd seemed a sure bet to direct until Mr. Jackson took up the directorial reins himself. Bilbo, having become attached to such bourgeois comforts as doilies and his mother's plates, sets forth from home in the company of the wizard Gandalf (happily, Ian McKellen is back too) and 13 dwarfs to reclaim the dwarf kingdom of Erebor from the dragon Smaug.
Ever so much easier said than done, of course. In order to fulfill their mission, the dwarfs, led by the troubled but intrepid Thorin (fine work by Richard Armitage) must avoid digestion by hungry, thuggy trolls; prevail over vile Orcs, deal with loathesome goblin hordes and, most spectacularly, do battle with Storm Giants, a task that might be likened to mountain climbers trying to survive while the mountains pummel them, or to a cliffhanger in which the cliffs go berserk. (The production was designed by Dan Hennah. Andrew Lesnie was director of photography. Howard Shore did the original score.)
With a single, fleeting exception, this is an all-male adventure: Cate Blanchett shows up briefly as the gorgeous, and gorgeously begowned, Galadriel. Hers isn't the only character who does not, strictly speaking, belong in "The Hobbit," but she's by far the most welcome, and it came as a severe disappointment that Galadriel, after telling Gandalf that she'd come back if he needed her, didn't come back. Gandalf, being a wizard, could cope. I, being bored during some of the down time between battles, felt bereft.
For children who will see what's essentially a children's movie, the technicalities of projection may not matter, but they will for adults who see "The Hobbit" projected as I did, in what Warner Bros. is calling HFR 3-D. The 3D part is what you'd expect it to be, polaroid glasses perched on nose and seemingly solid images popping from screen. HFR, which stands for high frame rate, takes some explaining.
Movies have long been projected at 24 frames per second—fast enough to give the illusion of movement, but not to banish all sensation of flicker; that's why they came to be called flicks. This movie, projected at 48 frames per second, does not flicker; there's a smoothness, almost a creaminess, to the movement. At the same time, though, it feels less like a movie and more like the most elaborate video you've ever seen, a result that's more unsettling than likable. I wish I'd also seen it, for comparison's sake, in 3-D without the high frame rate, because the 3-D is effective. But there wasn't enough time to go back and see it again, and, to be honest, no burning desire to spend another two hours and 49 minutes in Middle-earth.
All of that said, what needs resaying is that the good stuff in "The Hobbit" is amazingly good. And mainly animated, from the motion-capture magic of Andy Serkis's Gollum (you can see the little monster's twisted mind and constipated brain churning away in the marvelous riddle game) to the depths of the goblins' tunnels, where the proscenium frame—or floating box, in the 3-D version—teems with life forms previously unimagined and hitherto unimaginable. An overlong adventure enlivened by wonders.
—Email Joe at firstname.lastname@example.com and followhim on Twitter: @JoeMorgenstern
My Very Own Cinema Paradiso
Far from a movie palace, the Teaneck Theatre was more like a movie cottage, but it's where I learned to love movies, and now it is no more.
Thanks to a tip from a reader, Nina Bein—she lives in my old home town in northern New Jersey, a few miles from the George Washington Bridge—I learned that late last month the Teaneck (lately the Cedar Lane Cinemas) closed for good, if you can call any movie-theater closing good, after its all-too-familiar evolution from single-screen neighborhood institution to dinky multiplex, and the usual struggles to stay afloat at a time when movie-going is no longer a national habit and Hollywood studios no longer run a year-round business. (I'll have more to say about that toward the end of this year.) I can't pretend the news came as a shock, but I was surprised by how many memories it evoked, some of them as sharp, and sweet, as if I were still a kid forking over my 15 cents—that's how long it has been—for a Saturday afternoon kiddie show.
If the Teaneck was my movie cradle, kiddie shows were my mother's milk once my mother was willing—not willing, thrilled—to send me off on my own every Saturday afternoon. The matinees seemed to go on forever at a time when life held out the same prospect: trailers, cartoons, dumb shorts and then double features, with no distinctions drawn, at least by me, between good and bad, only between boring and not boring. And boring was perfectly OK, since being bored at the movies was so much better than being bored at home. The only time I recall being scornful of shoddy goods was when a huge brick smokestack fell on and obviously killed the hero of a serial, " Don Winslow of the Navy," and the following week's installment began with Commander Don emerging from a mountain of rubble.
My tastes evolved, from primitive through shallow to a kind of pseudo-sophistication that was long on the pseudo and short on any clue to what riches the movies could offer. It's easy to recall milestones on that meandering path: Abbott and Costello's "Buck Privates," which left me gasping with laughter; Bob Hope and Bing Crosby in "Road to Morocco" or wherever they happened to be going in a given year; "Ziegfeld Follies" for its Technicolor and ethereal mists; "Henry V" for what it said of my insecurity—never mind what it said of Laurence Olivier—and my insufferable pretension. To impress my first movie date with what I thought was my worldliness, I took her to see "Henry V." Then, aghast that she was bored and convinced that I'd ruined everything, I made wisecracks about the film until she said she'd leave if I didn't shut up.
In noting that the Teaneck, like every other movie theater of its era, had only one screen, I should also note that during those pre-TV days it was the only screen in my life, not counting the one that kept Jersey mosquitos out of our front porch. (Right now, in my home, I have 10 screens, not counting fancy displays on my desk phone and printer.) How big was the Teaneck's screen, and how bright? Big enough to lose myself in, bright enough to dazzle me with tales of warfare, romance and spies. I can't say I spotted "Casablanca" as a classic—neither did the people who made it—but I do remember, shortly after it came out, teaching myself to play a few bars of "As Times Goes By" on the piano from sheet music in the Sunday papers.
Sitting in the dark of that little theater week after week for vast stretches of my young life, I couldn't imagine that one day I'd be walking with Ingrid Bergman down the Champs Élysées in the course of interviewing her, or spending a chilly English afternoon by the fire with Charlie Chaplin. That wasn't a failure of imagination, simply a lack of clairvoyance; none of us knows who we'll become, let alone what we're fated to do. But it was also a function of discovering movies—the movies—at a time when the people in them seemed entirely of them. For my money, for my 15-cent admissions that doubled when I got too tall, movie actors lived on screen, and I lived to see them. I suppose I could get to see the Teaneck one last time before it's knocked down or turned into a supermarket, but living where I do, perilously close to the fading abstraction known as Hollywood, I'd rather remember that faraway place as it once was, dark as a womb and just as enveloping.


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BOWLING GREEN, Ky. (WBKO) - With Congress preparing to vote this week on whether to take action against Syria, military families across the country are keeping a close watch.
Here in Bowling Green, Ashleigh Keefers husband Michael has been stationed in Afghanistan since May. He is scheduled to arrive home this February. An air strike against Syria could change that.
"If he comes back then there could be. If they put boots on the ground their could be another deployment, but to a different country, so it's very concerning. I want him home. I would love to have him home for an extended period of time," says Keefer.
President Barack Obama maintains that troops will not be put on the ground, but any military action still puts families like Ashleigh Keefer on edge.
"I think anytime you get involved with other countries in battles like this, whether it is civil wars or anything like that there is always that risk that things could change from the plan," says Keefer.
Concern of a military strike in Syria is on the minds of many. A new USA Today poll says Americans are 2-1 one against any action. They feel the president hasn't explained clearly why the United States should act.
With a vote by Congress coming soon, Ashleigh Keefer says her husband is ready to listen to the Commander In-chief.
"That's their job. That's their duty, they are you know one of the most honorable people that we have in the country and they do what they are supposed to do," says Keefer.
A congressional vote on Syria could could as early as Wednesday.


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BIRTHDAY: Steubenville-based Voto Rigging, Digging Hose Products & More is celebrating its 75th year in business.
The employee-owned company, in business since April 14, 1938, will mark the anniversary with a dinner-cruise on the Gateway Clipper for its 51 employees.
Voto serves the industrial market, including the oil and gas industry.
"We're excited about it and want to celebrate with our employees, that's why we decided to do the dinner-cruise," Voto President Janie Mayle said. "And we're looking forward now to hitting the century mark with the company."
HIRED: Matt Caprarese, a Colliers area native and 1996 graduate of Brooke High School, is the new division manager - environmental and utilities for ArcelorMittal.
Caprarese succeeds David Minda, who is retiring after 35 years of service.
Caprarese's responsibilities will include managing operations and personnel associated with all environmental control facilities, utilities and environmental compliance programs.
He previously served as a manager of corporate environmental control at U.S. Steel, corporate environmental manager for PTC Alliance Corp. and project engineer for Chester Engineers.
A registered professional engineer and certified hazardous materials manager, Caprarese is a graduate of Bethany College, where he earned a bachelor of science degree in environmental science, and Point Park University, where he earned a bachelor of science degree in civil engineering.
Caprarese plans to return to the Weirton area with his wife Jamie and daughter Lucy.
JOBS: With its grand opening set for May 27, the new Texas Roadhouse at the Fort Steuben Mall already is hiring full- and part-time workers.
Construction of the 6,700-square-foot restaurant began in late fall. When it's done, the company looks to employ roughly 200 people locally. Applications are accepted at the site weekdays from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. and Saturdays from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.
The restaurant serves dinner only on weekdays, and will open at 11 a.m. on Saturdays and Sundays for lunch and dinner.


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Craftsman Programmable Digital Tire Gauge for $10.99 + free shipping
Free shipping for Shop your way max members and about $5.99 for others.
Product Description
Programmable Digital Tire Gauge
•Digital Tire Gauge
•Program the Target Tire Pressure of a Vehicle
•Extra large backlight display
•Durable, Metal, Straight-push Nozzle
•Air Bleed Function for Exact pressure
•Beeps When Gauge locks in Pressure Reading
•White LED flashlight
8 Comments add a comment
Is " spot on" accurate.
It is now out of stock for delivery. Also, 3 out of the 4 stores in my area where it is available for pick up have it at $26.99
I got one of these for Christmas last year...have yet to use it, but in theory it does seem really nice, especially with the built-in flashlight.
Ordered one for in-store pickup at the sale price... in Parsippany, NJ.
shipping is NOT free - ..... Kmart only offers free shipping on orders of $49.99 or more ...... or you can pick up in store for free - but as others have found - no stores within 50 miles with stock - who would spend that much on gas anyways.
I just ordered it with free 2 day shipping and there isn't a K-Mart anywhere near me.
@green_jeeps_rule: At the very top of the page they say "FREE SHIPPING on qualifying orders, no minimum purchase required"
At the top of my screen it reads "FREE SHIPPING on orders of $59 or more" and when I add it to the cart and go to the checkout screen there's a $5.99 shipping charge.
I can't get the stupid web site to work. I get it into the cart, go to checkout and the site freaks out and either says the server is unavailable (Firefox) or it just hangs (IE). I'[m getting really tired of this kind of cr@p happening with Sears/Kmart sites.


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As previously reported, Mumford and Sons will be at the P.C. Richard & Son Theater on April 13th. You can enter for a chance to win tickets to this exclusive event at pcrichardtheater.com, and now right here through our blog!
What We're Giving Away
5 lucky winners will receive 2 tickets to attend this intimate Mumford & Sons performance at the P.C. Richard & Son Theater. Transportation will NOT be provided with this blog giveaway.
How to Enter
You have several ways to enter to win these tickets. You can enter using each of the methods below:
- 1 entry: Leave a comment on this post about why you love Mumford and Sons and/or P.C. Richard & Son.
- 1 entry: Like us on Facebook and leave a comment on this post saying you've done so with your full name so that we can match it.
- 1 entry per day: Follow us on Twitter and tweet the following message: @pcrichardandson I entered to win tix to see Mumford & Sons at the P.C. Richard & Son Theater in NYC! http://ow.ly/4tvrl
Make sure you comment back on this post with a link to the tweet. You can enter once per day via Twitter until Sunday, April 10th at midnight.
- 1 entry: If you have a blog of your own, post about this contest with a link back to this page. Comment on this post with a link to your post.
- 1 entry: Subscribe to the P.C. Richard & Son e-mail list here, then comment on this post telling us you subscribed.
- 1 entry: Sign up for your free P.C. Richard & Son Theater membership, then comment on this post telling us you did so.
Please leave 1 comment per entry and put your full name and e-mail address in the appropriate fields. Your e-mail address will not be visible to anyone else but me. For example, if I was John Smith, my email was firstname.lastname@example.com, and I entered by liking us on Facebook and subscribing to the e-mail list, I would leave two separate comments like this:
Name: John Smith
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Comment: I liked you on Facebook! Facebook name is Jonathan Smith.
Name: John Smith
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Comment: I subscribed to your emails! E-mail address is above.
This contest will run from April 5, 2011 to midnight on April 10, 2011. The winner will be selected by random drawing and will be contacted by email. For the complete rules, please click here. This contest is open to legal residents of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Connecticut who are 13 years of age or older. If you are under 18 years of age you must have a parent or guardian with you in order to claim your tickets.
Good luck! Note: All comments MUST be approved by an administrator before they will appear, so if you don't see your comments right away, don't panic!
Don't forget to also enter at http://www.pcrichardtheater.com!
Edit: This contest is now closed. Thanks to everyone who entered!
Stay informed on the latest P.C. Richard & Son sales product news, tips and tricks, contests, P.C. Richard & Son Theater shows and more! Subscribe today.


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System Mechanic 14 Pro
The Most Advanced Approach to Maximum PC Performance™
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System Mechanic is the world's #1 best-selling and most awarded computer performance software, with over 45 million users worldwide, hundreds of 5-Star and Editor's Choice accolades, and countless independent lab certifications since 1998.
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Working deep inside the Windows operating system, it minimizes the degree that a new file, or changes to existing files, will be stored inefficiently. By minimizing the random writing of data, AcceleWrite increases overall system..
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Start Windows significantly faster by eliminating unneeded or hazardous start up programs safely. Startup Optimizer is now expanded and even more simplified.
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Perfect for gamers, video and sound engineers, artists, web designers… or any serious computer user who requires an instant shot of raw, fast, focused performance.
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Recovery of deleted files
- Recovery of deleted files
Cleaning and PC protection
- Antivirus protection
- Anti-Spyware
- Clears the whole PC with disk scrubber
- Clears the free space on hard drive
|Startup slowdown
|Too many programs to run at startup
|Startup OptimizerTM only loads essential startup programs
|Fragmentation of system files
|Drive AccelmeratorTM stabilizes important files before starting
|System slowdown
|Decrease of available memory
|Memory MechanicTM gathers memory and frees
|Redundant installed programs
|CRUDD RemoverTM detects and removes unwanted programs
|Errors in Windows registry
|Registry TunerTM cleans and repairs the registry
|Overcrowding of the registry
|Registry CompactorTM defragments and compacts the registry
|System file fragmentation
|Drive AcceleratorTM defragments the hard drive and reorganizes scattered files
|Web browsing slowdown
|Incorrect Internet setup
|NetBoosterTM optimizes Internet setup
|Hard drive and programs slowdown
|Cumulation of junk files
|PC CleanupTM safely removes all unnecessary files
|Misalignment of programs
|Program AcceleratorTM aligns applications and improves their performance.
|Degradation of SSD storage capacity
|Overcrowding of the memory on Solid State Drive
|SSD Ac
|Windows XP, Windows Vista 32-bit, Windows Vista 64-bit, Windows XP 64-bit, Windows 7, Windows 7 64-bit, Windows 7 32-bit, Windows 8 32-bit, Windows 8 64-bit, Windows 8
- Any PC, Laptop, or Netbook/Mini running Windows 7, 8, Vista, or XP (32 or 64 bit)
- CD or DVD drive (for CD installation)
- 256 MB RAM; 34 MB available disk space
- Internet connection for license authentication and product updates


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By recommendation from The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX, I have been using the
IEEEeqnarray environment a lot, since it solved many of the rather annoying problems related to the
alignenvironment. But because of its limited documentation and the changes it causes to other environments like
enumerate, I have started to look for alternatives.
The advantages for the
IEEEeqnarray are:
The command
\IEEEyesnumber, which allows you to insert equation numbers in an
IEEEeqnarray*environment. That made it a lot easier to just insert equation numbers in one row without having to write
\nonumberat the end of every single line like in the
It included the option to edit the width of the columns, like in the
arrayenvironment. The syntax was:
\begin{IEEEeqnarray*}{rCl}, and it was a really nice option.
Does anybody know a way to achieve the same advantages with other environments?


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Recipes for Spicy Foods That Boost Your Metabolism (Slide 11)
(Slide 11 of 36) Start at the beginning | View recipes as list
Recipe: Tex-Mex Summer Squash Casserole
View as: Thumbnails List
Chicken Breasts with Green …
Here we topped seared chicken breasts with a green chile cream sauce that was inspired by green mole…View slide
South Indian Shrimp Kebabs …
Cilantro, lemon zest, chiles, paprika, ginger, garlic, cumin and fenugreek make up the South Asian-i…View slide
Red Chile-Spiked Chocolate …
The idea of chile with chocolate still surprises most people, but the duo pairs beautifully in many …View slide
Grilled Fish Tacos
Instead of deep-frying the fish for these fish tacos, we coat the fish with a flavor-packed chile ru…View slide
Enjoy this traditional Southwestern dish of sautéed summer squash, onions and peppers as a side or …View slide
Spicy Thai Barbecued Oysters
The great thing about barbecuing oysters is you don't need to shuck them. Put the oysters right on…View slide
Ranch Chiles Rellenos with …
Dark green, shiny poblano chiles are the traditional choice for chiles rellenos. They have great fla…View slide
Jamaican Curried Shrimp & M…
Transport yourself to the islands with this Jamaican-inspired soup, full of fresh shrimp and sweet m…View slide
Butterflied Grilled Chicken…
A quick and efficient way to cook a whole bird on the grill is to butterfly it. This method is so po…View slide
Sweet Potato & Black Bean C…
Make a double batch of this quick vegetarian chili, full of black beans and sweet potatoes, and eat …View slide
Tex-Mex Summer Squash Casse…
Chiles and cheese turn mild summer squash into a zesty, satisfying casserole. The jalapenos make thi…View slide
Chicken "Carne" Adovada
Here we braise chicken thighs in a brick-red chile sauce. This dish is even tastier the next day. Se…View slide
Jícama & Cucumber Salad wi…
This salad combines cucumber and jícama with a sweet-sour, slightly spicy vinaigrette and makes a g…View slide
Pinto Bean & Andouille Saus…
An adaptation of the Andalusian dish fabada, this pinto bean stew is seasoned with andouille sausage…View slide
Spicy Stewed Potatoes & Spi…
This stewlike potato and spinach curry can be served as a side dish or as part of a vegetarian buffe…View slide
Grilled Pork Tenderloin Mar…
Crisp on the outside and buttery-tender on the inside, these sweet and spicy soy sauce-marinated por…View slide
Poblano & Skirt Steak Fajitas
This variation on fajitas pairs fresh poblanos with steak and scallions. Skirt steak has fabulous fl…View slide
Quick Chile Dilly Beans
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Vegan Migas
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spoiler:Yes like the emperor....[Sith Warrior becomes emperors wrath]
spoiler:Not only that but the feeling I got was that the events of the Sith Warrior storyline take place after the events of the Jedi Knight story...
spoiler:...since there was mention of a Jedi Knight that attacked the Emperor.
spoiler:I wonder if they are setting it up so your own two characters face each other? Your Jedi Knight vs your Sith Warrior? Looks to me like that is what they are building towards.
spoiler:If the republic and empire storylines both eventually fight Malgus, how do they determine which side defeated him? They can't BOTH have happened...or is that flashpoint an optional one?
spoiler:I thought the flashpoints with Revan were consecutive? The republic rescued him, he is killed at the foundry later by the imperials.
spoiler:The Rep Revan stuff comes before the Empire Revan stuff, and Revan doesn't die. Apparently he vanishes in a flash of light similar to Rakatan teleportation technology, leaving Revan to survive to fight another day.
spoiler:All I know is that the SW becomes the new "Emperor's Wrath" and that the emperor informs him/her what happened vs the Jedi Knight. Seems logical to me for this reason, and maybe even a little concern over the whereabouts of the SW's predecessor "Wrath".
Still, I'm open to suggestions where else this matter could go.
spoiler:Not sure if there is any truth to the wookieepedia page's claim that Malgus "escaped to unknown regions". Still it looks like this isn't the last we've heard from him, either.
spoiler:One could wish. I can see where you might say that. It is possible Revan snatched knowledge of the "avatar" ability from Emperor Vitiate and is now on the lamb. Certainly would make sense, pressing on Vitiate's mental undercurrent to survive, as the novel said. Who knows what else Revan could have learned over 300 years?
Or Revan actually died and the future content is of him as a force ghost. Simple enough.
Only time will tell.
spoiler:Even so the contradiction still exists unless they decide the canonecity of the imperial storylines all stop on Ilum, since the JK *has* to initially stop the emperor. Or they make the False Emperor flashpoint an optional operation for both; last I checked it's a requirement for all classes on both sides.
spoiler:Fatal alliance seemed to go on this for the imp. agent Ula Vii in their story as well actually. Most interesting perspective of that whole story actually. Well, IMO anyways.
spoiler:I've seen videos in the Revan novel spoiler thread down in the KOTOR regions. Similar to Emperor Vitiate's avatar if I do say so myself, hint hint.
spoiler:All I know is that the SW becomes the new "Emperor's Wrath" and that the emperor informs him/her what happened vs the Jedi Knight. Seems logical to me for this reason, and maybe even a little concern over the whereabouts of the SW's predecessor "Wrath".
Still, I'm open to suggestions where else this matter could go.
spoiler:Think about the kind of game this is, an MMO. They're not going to face one of your own characters with another characters. If this was a single player game on the style of The Force Unleashed where you played two characters on both side of the fence, it would be possible and has happened in similar games where player characters actually do face off at the end. But with TOR, it's never going to happen simply because it's an MMO and the investment people have in their characters would piss A LOT of people off having their two characters fight each other.
Even before that, they'll never have any of your characters meet each other to begin with.


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If you are interested in creating or even just viewing VR panoramas you will want to have a look at The World Wide Panorama.
We hold events four times a year, on the solstices and equinoxes, open to everyone. Three of the events have themes and a limited time frame - you must shoot during the period of the event and try to somehow illustrate the theme. Recent themes have been "crossroads", "forgotten places", "food", "performing arts", "time" and "diversity". The website is updated when everyone has had a chance to complete their entries.
The final event of the year is "Best of ...", to which you may submit any single panorama you have taken that year.
The World Wide Panorama was founded in March 2004 to promote the community of VR photography and showcase their work. By participating you will be joining over a thousand others who have contributed more than 6000 panoramas over the last six years. You may also provide personal and company information in the "Meet the People" section.
This is a not-for-profit website with no advertising, managed by The World Wide Panorama Foundation. You retain full copyright and your name will always be associated with your work. We take seriously the responsibility of preserving the valuable work submitted to the WWP.
We look forward to seeing your panoramas become part of the World Wide Panorama!
The WWP team:
G. Donald Bain
Landis Bennett
Markus Altendorff
Bostjan Burger
Keith Martin
Pat Swovelin


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We've been telling you about how area communities are helping those in need this holiday season.
The Tompkinsville Police and Volunteer Fire Departments are hosting their annual food drive.
All food collected goes to seniors in need throughout Monroe County.
And those who put the drive together say they wouldn't have collected anything without the people of Tompkinsville.
"The outpouring from the community has just been really great. We've had people give one can of food. We've had people give a whole cart of food. We've had them give one dollar, we've had them give a hundred dollars," says food drive coordinator, Wendell Owen.
The police and fire departments are done picking up food from collecting sites throughout Monroe County, but if you live in the area, you can still help!
If you want to help, they will come pick up any donations.


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By Michael Springer Photos by dotfordot.com
Specs and Tester's Comments
Anatomy of a Winner
Detailed Tool Features
Jointers are the go-to tools for straightening and squaring lumber, and standard-length 6-inch-wide capacity models are a great choice for most carpentry and trim uses in the shop and on the job site. These 46-inch bed machines are the entry-level size for stationary jointers and, as the smallest, represent the best possibility of a "serious" stationary tool that is still portable enough to load up and take to select jobs. All the tools plug into line voltage, further enhancing their all-around utility. An old rule of thumb states that a jointer is accurate for truly straightening boards up to twice its bed length, so with a 6-inch face-planing width and an 8-foot (or so) straightening capacity, these machines can handle all the wood many guys mill, even if they remain shop-bound.
We tested six jointers on hardwoods and softwoods, with tasks ranging from straightening the edges of 8-foot-long 1x12 pine shelf boards to facing and squaring 6-inch-wide slabs of walnut and ash. All of the machines were capable of doing a good job cutting whatever we threw at them. On our first passes some models left a rippled surface at brisker feed speeds, but double-checking the cutter heads quickly revealed a high knife responsible for these pronounced mill marks. As for cutting power, we were duly impressed that even hogging 1/8 inch off an ipe 4x4 while pushing as fast as possible didn't slow any of the jointers down.
For our initial testing, we zeroed the outfeed tables flush with the highest knife, calibrated the scales on the infeed tables, and checked the 90-degree fence stops; this is the least the owner of a new jointer should expect to do. With our minimal tuning, all the tools were capable of delivering an 8-foot edge straight and square enough to glue up or ready to be finished with a touch of 220 grit. We found that setting the individual knives evenly is necessary for the machine's best results. And as our furniture-maker tester pointed out later in the process, the best finish cuts couldn't be obtained without professionally sharpened knives – factory edges not being sufficient by his standards. So cut quality boiled down to meticulous setup, careful passes, and appropriate feed speed rather than major differences between the machines themselves.
A word about flatness. We took dozens of measurements of the infeed and outfeed table surfaces in all directions, both separately and in relation to each other. Variances up to .005 inch were found in places, but the ups and downs have a way of cancelling each other out. What could be proved on cast iron with a machinist's straightedge, feeler gauge, and dial indicator wasn't recognizable in the finished product of wood.
Accuracy and productivity – not to mention ease of use – depend on the function and convenience of the features you rely on most. We found that fences, infeed table adjustments, and switches are at the core of a user's experience.
All of us testing the tools preferred larger fences as a rule; a one-inch-taller fence noticeably helps to steady a wide, thin board like a 1x12 when edge-jointing. A long fence is nice, but it doesn't help for it to be much longer than the area of the board you push against when feeding. Moving the fence in or out means a simple sliding action for some tools and the cranking of a geared drive for others. The sliding fences move faster and allow you to lift the fence slightly off the outfeed table while adjusting. Taking this precaution will keep the bottom of the fence from dishing out the outfeed surface over time, especially if the fence has a lowered "foot" section. Only our winner's fence is easy to set to an exact angle.
Infeed tables sometimes have to be adjusted to an exact cutting depth, and the scales on the tools are not accurate enough to rely on. To accurately set the depth of cut with a precise spacer or dial indicator, you must be able to move the infeed table in tiny increments. The crank-type adjusters are easy to dial in with your fingertips spread around the perimeter of the crank wheel for precise control. The lever-type adjusters also require fingertips, but you must tap delicately up and down against the lever's handle in a frustrating trial-and-error effort to hit the mark.
And speaking of frustration, pesky lockout catches are found on every tool to keep the user from setting the depth of cut past 1/8 inch. Some were easier to deal with than others.
For safety's sake, it should be easy to reach the power switch while operating the machine. All but one of the models have a shielded On button that requires a deliberate push to activate, and most have an Off button that can be hit without looking, though one requires you to do so with your leg. Another nice feature is the elevated switches (46 to 51 inches above the ground) on some of these tools. Having the controls chest-high makes them easily accessible and means you don't have to move your hand down past the cutter head to turn the machine off. They might make the units harder to load into your rig, though.
A surprisingly important factor was whether the motor belt is easy to access and remove so that the cutter head can be safely rotated by hand to inspect, remove, or set knives. V-belts take a set and will spring back into that set position with enough force to chop into a finger. Only our winner has a flat belt, which can be easily rotated while still connected.
Setting outfeed tables and knives is important, too, but these tasks are performed less frequently. Each machine's outfeed table is easy enough to set within a minute or two, and all of the knives are set – though not so quickly – with two jackscrews each. Our winner alone offers the use of either jackscrews or springs.
In a shop full of well-matched, capable machines, the Rikon was a real standout, with modernized feature improvements that seem to challenge the more dated designs to catch up. Besides the gee-wizardry of its complex and precise fence, the Rikon integrated many other innovations into its design, making it the complete package. Even if you don't expect to use your jointer fence at an angle very often, it stands to reason that a tool with superior precision capabilities will also work well for simple tasks, while a simpler tool may fall short when more precision is called for.
Our second choice was the Grizzly, for its solid performance and quality, great features, and attractive price. We especially liked the extra-large fence and the integral mobile base.
We liked the Delta, Jet, and Ridgid tools and could use any of them if our top picks weren't available. Each of us appreciated various features on these three, but there was no real consensus, particularly when the prices were figured in. However, all of us found the strong-but-outclassed Craftsman to be lacking; its fence and cabinet designs required too much compromise.
Custom woodworker Karsten Balsley of Boulder, Colo., and Donek Snowboards manufacturer Sean Martin of Watkins, Colo., contributed to this test.
Specialty Tools
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We get press releases often, so it's tough to get the word out to you in a useful...
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No one says you have to do this. But if you wanted, you could.
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Michael Springer
Tool Test
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Day of Peace Turns Deadly
Pakistani protesters clashed with police in a number of cities after Friday prayers over an anti-Islam video, leaving at least 17 people dead.
Protests over the anti-Islam video were slower to spark in Pakistan than in the Middle East or Africa. But the country's volatile mix of weapons, Islamist groups and criminal gangs meant they turned violent fast.
At least 12 of the deaths were in Karachi, a port town, where thousands of protesters set fire to government and private property. Some of the dead included policethe Associated Press reported.
Five people were killed and 60 wounded in the northwestern city of Peshawar, a gun-ridden city in the northwest of the country.
Muslims also marched in at least a half-dozen other countries, with some burning American flags and effigies of U.S. President Barack Obama.
The Pakistani government called a national holiday Friday so people could protest the video peacefully. It didn't turn out like that in Karachi, one of the world's most violent cities, where on average five people have been killed a day over the past few months.
Many of those deaths are linked to ethnic conflict and wars over land. Friday's protests were organized by Islamist political parties many of whom have links with pro-Taliban militants based in the city, said Hasan-Askari Rizvi, an independent political analyst based in Lahore.
Criminal gangs that have thousands of armed cadre and regularly fight the police in the city likely provoked the protests, making them more combustible,he added. "Criminal gangs join them for their own agenda."
Security was tight in Islamabad, the capital, and city where most foreigners live, after protesters on Thursday tried unsuccessfully to get inside the highly guarded diplomatic enclave. A hospital official said 45 people were wounded in Islamabad—28 protesters and 17 police. Police and protesters also clashed in Lahore. Police fired tear gas and warning shots to try to keep protesters from advancing toward U.S. missions in the cities.
Opinion polls show a majority of Pakistanis view the U.S. as an enemy. Many people in the country believe conspiracy theories about the U.S. working to steal Pakistan's nuclear weapons or funding ethnic insurgencies against the state.
That makes it hard for the U.S. administration to persuade Pakistanis that it had nothing to do with the anti-Islam video. This week the State Department took out advertisements in Pakistan media to distance the U.S. government from the video—a strategy that didn't appear to have had much effect.
The clashes in Pakistan came on a day when thousands protested in Indian-controlled Kashmir, Iraq, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Malaysia and Indonesia.
In Malaysia, thousands demonstrated outside the U.S. Embassy, burning U.S. and Israeli flags. "Our message to the U.S. is very clear—stop it!'' said Nasruddin Hassan Tantawi, youth chief of the Pan-Malaysia Islamic Party, which played a large role in organizing the protest. "You cannot allow Americans to insult our Prophet, to insult Islam." Mr. Nasruddin said that the Islamic party didn't condone the burning of the U. S. and Israeli flags, which he called a "provocation" that organizers had stopped from getting worseU.S. diplomatic missions in neighboring Indonesia were also closed.Several hundred protesters demonstrated without violence in the capital Jakarta as well as in Surabaja. Officials had expressed concern over potential violence after a clash Monday in Jakarta between police and demonstrators ended with thrown rocks and Molotov cocktails.
The publication by French satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo of cartoons making fun of Muhammad has also angered protesters. In response to the protests,France said it closed its diplomatic missions in Indonesia, Malaysia and in several countriesIn Iraq, about 3,000 protesters condemned the video and caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad in a French weekly.The protest in the southern city of Basra was organized by Iranian-backed Shiite groups.Police estimated that 2,800 to 3,000 people took part in the protest. They chanted, "Long live Islam'' and "Destroy America.'' Officers formed a cordon in front of the embassy, which was closed. There were no clashes and no arrests.
In Kashmir's main city of Srinagar, police fired tear gas to disperse nearly 30 women who were marching Friday under the banner of the radical Islamic women's group Dukhtaran-e-Millat chanting "Down with the U.S."
In the Sri Lanka capital of Colombo, about 2,000 Muslims burned effigies of President Barack Obama and American flags at a protest after Friday prayers, while in Bangladesh, over 2,000 people marched through the streets of the capital, Dhaka, to protest the video.
—Celine Fernandez and the Associated Press contributed to this article.


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Faculty Profile (Back to Menu)
Anjum Gupta
Associate Professor of Law and Director of the Immigrant Rights Clinic
(on leave 2015-2016 academic year)
Professor Gupta received her B.A. with high honors in psychology and women's studies from the University of Michigan—Ann Arbor and her J.D. from Yale Law School, where she was an Equal Justice America Fellow, Director of the Temporary Restraining Order Project Domestic Violence Clinic, Director of the Rebellious Lawyering Conference, and an editorial board member of the Yale Journal of Law and Feminism. She also worked at the ACLU Immigrant Rights Project and the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence. Professor Gupta clerked for the Honorable Chester J. Straub of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit and the Honorable Charles P. Sifton of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York.
Prior to joining the Rutgers faculty, Professor Gupta served as Assistant Professor of Law and Director of the Immigrant Rights Clinic at the University of Baltimore School of Law, where she supervised students representing immigrants seeking various forms of relief before the Department of Homeland Security, the immigration courts, the Board of Immigration Appeals, and the federal courts of appeals. She also served as a Clinical Teaching Fellow in the Center for Applied Legal Studies at Georgetown Law, where she supervised students representing asylum seekers. She began her law teaching career as a Clinical Fellow at the Center for Social Justice at Seton Hall University School of Law, where she supervised students and represented clients in cases involving asylum, human trafficking, domestic violence, immigrant labor rights, and criminal immigration issues. She also authored an amicus brief to the United States Supreme Court and traveled to Haiti as part of the Haiti Rule of Law Project. Professor Gupta's scholarship focuses on immigration and refugee law, with a particular focus on gender-based claims for relief.
"Dead Silent: Heuristics, Silent Motives, and Asylum," 48 Colum. Hum. Rts. L. Rev. 1 (forthcoming 2016) (lead article)
"Ethical Problems in the Practice of Law: Model Rules, State Variations, and Practice Questions"(Wolters Kluwer 2015-2016) (with Lisa G. Lerman and Philip G. Schrag)
"Nexus Redux," 90 Ind. L.J. 465 (2015) (lead article)
"The New Nexus," 85 Colo. L.Rev. 377 (2014)
"Detrimental Reliance on Detrimental Reliance: The Courts' Conflicting Standards for the Retroactive Application of New Immigration Laws to Past Acts" (PDF), Rutgers L. Rev. Commentaries (2011)
"Doctrinal Mutilation: The Board of Immigration Appeals' Flawed Analysis of the 'Continuing Persecution' Doctrine in Claims Based on Past Female Genital Mutilation," 23 Geo. Immigr. L.J. 39 (2008)
"Abuse of (Plenary) Power? Judicial Deference and the Post-9/11 War on Immigrants," in Awakening from the Dream: Civil Rights Under Siege and the New Struggle for Equal Justice (with Lori A. Nessel) (Denise C. Morgan, Rachel D. Godsil, and Joy Moses, eds.) (Carolina Academic Press, 2006)


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Robin Johnson
Last Modified: November 1, 2001
What a Great Cancer Support Team Looks Likeby Marlys Johnson
July 05, 2016
3 Great Reasons To Have Gratitude On Your Cancer Teamby Marlys Johnson
July 25, 2016
Last Modified: November 1, 2001
Robin Johnson
Sebastopol, California
Elfi Floating
Elfi Laughing
Color photograph
16 x 20 inches
Catalog No. 21B
Elfi Floating and Elfi Laughing were taken of my friend and fellow painter, Elfi Chester, on a warm and sunny day last summer. Elfi had just been diagnosed with breast cancer at age 45 and asked me to photograph her before she underwent surgery. The photographs are a collaboration since we both needed to use the time together to make some sense of what was happening to her. Elfi talked about how, in facing death, she was feeling so alive, how it took getting cancer for her to love her body. I'd never seen Elfi so radiant. In between talking, laughing, crying and contemplation, I photographed her. I wanted to capture her beauty, strength and indomitable spirit.


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Karen Lange begins her fourth season with the Charlotte women's basketball staff in 2014-15 and her second as the program's associate head coach. She was promoted from assistant coach, a role she held her first two years, by head coach Cara Consuegra in May 2013.
Lange has been instrumental in the Niners earning three-straight WNIT berths during her three seasons, including a trip to the tournament's Sweet 16 in 2012-13 with the second-best record in school history at 26-6. This past year, Lange and the 49ers returned to the postseason after earning a bye in the Conference USA Championships, their first season back in the league. During the regular season, Charlotte pulled off a big road win at UTEP in league play and picked up double-digit home victories for the 12th-straight season.
She oversees the point guards, a position which she knows well, most notably leading Ny Hammonds to a breakout campaign in each of the last two years. This past season, as the team's only senior, Hammonds became the sixth player in NCAA history with consecutive triple-doubles, achieving the feat in her final two home games, and set the school's career assists record (496) on her way to earning All-Conference USA Second Team honors.
Hammonds burst into the spotlight as a junior in 2012-13 as an All-Atlantic 10 Third Team pick. She set school single-season standards for assists (209) and minutes played (1101) that year, helping the 49ers to the record-breaking campaign.
Lange also helped Hammonds become a scoring threat, finishing that year as one of three players with a double-figure average at 10.0 points per game. In addition, Lange helped in the development of starters Jai Forney and Hillary Sigmon, an All-Atlantic 10 Rookie Team choice in 2011-12.
Another notable player who has earned high marks under Lange's watch is Lefty Webster, who garnered All-Conference USA Freshman Team accolades in 2013-14. Webster played every game of her inaugural collegiate campaign and was a force for the 49ers, not only on the offensive end, but defensively, as well, using her multi-skill set to her advantage in affecting games in a variety of ways.
Prior to joining the Charlotte staff, Lange spent 2010-11 as the head coach at MidAmerica Nazarene (Olathe, Kan.). She guided the Pioneers to 12 wins, including 10 in the Heart of America Athletic Conference, and a spot in the league tournament. The team was nationally ranked in several defensive categories.
She also spent six years, from 2004-05 through 2009-10, as the lead assistant coach and recruiting coordinator at Kansas. The Jayhawks competed in four postseasons during her stay at the Big 12 school.
Lange worked primarily with the point guards, helping Ivana Catic to place ninth nationally in assist-to-turnover ratio with the Big 12's best mark in 2008-09. The following season, Angel Goodrich was leading the conference and ranking third across the country until an injury sidelined her for the remainder of the year.
In addition, Lange assisted in monitoring academics and scouting for the program.
From 1997-98 through 2003-04, she was an assistant coach and recruiting coordinator at Virginia Tech. The Hokies garnered seven postseason trips during her tenure, including an appearance in the 1999 NCAA Sweet 16 and five overall NCAA Tournament berths. Again, her primary focus of on-court coaching was the point guards.
During her career, she has coached four WNBA draft choices, 22 all-conference players and three academic All-Americans.
She enjoyed a standout playing career at Iowa, earning three Academic All-Big Ten honors and an all-league plaudit for her success on the court.
The Hawkeyes participated in the 1993 NCAA Final Four, 1996 NCAA Sweet 16 and 1994 NCAA Second Round during her four years in Iowa City.
She was a member of the 1993 and 1996 Big Ten Championship squads, leading the team in assists (139) as a senior.
She graduated from Iowa in 1996 with a bachelor's degree in exercise science.
Lange, a Raleigh, N.C. product, and her husband Cory have two children: daughter Ashlyn and son Ty.
|Associate Head Coach
|Raleigh, N.C.
|Alma Mater:
|Graduating Year:
|4 Years


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New jobs For Russell County
New investment and expansion, along with new jobs, are rare terms heard in Southwest Virginia these days, but Russell County is using them.
Steel Fab, which currently has two facilities in Washington County, Virginia, will move them to Russell County, saving 240 jobs and adding 50 more.
There's a new sign out in front of the old Lear manufacturing plant in the Russell County Industrial park; it reads "sold."
It's an announcement 10 months in the making as the county revealed that Steel Fab will be relocating from Washington County and combining two facilities into the massive plant. "This gives us an opportunity to bring both of those plants under one location. There's going to be a lot more efficiency. We're going to be able to bring in some new equipment and actually expand our business from there," says Barry Berquist, president of the pressure vessel group.
With the expansion comes more jobs for the largest family-owned metals processor and distributor in North America. "It is a grand opportunity to put folks to work who may have lost work recently due to the downturn in coal. Plus it's keeping our folks here," Lebanon mayor Tony Dodi said.
Company officials told us one reason for the expansion is the growth in another form of energy that uses their steel pressure vessels plus their other interests. "We also have a lot of oil and gas costumers that are in Ohio and Pennsylvania. We're the most logical location to build those pressure vessels," general manager Bill Kahl says.
But most of all, the announcement is a morale booster for the county that has waited a long time to fill up the facility with activity. "I hope everybody leaves today with an uplifted spirit. I hope the morale of the people goes up to where they hold their head up high and say, 'Russell County is back open for business,'" IDA chairman Harry Rutherfod said.
This was a $1.5 million investment to establish the pressure tank production operation in the industrial park.
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