text:
Ben and John,
I have added the DxO Corrected set of Ben to my last email.
Ben and John,
I have added the DxO Corrected set of Ben to my last email.
Thanks Heinz. The corrected set of images work well in PTGui, but actually the distortion in this lens is already very low. Optimizing the shift parameters is by far the most important factor, and PTGui again gave a perfect stitch. Autopano Pro does a better stitch with the corrected images, but there were still some minor stitching errors visible in my test.
Hi Ben,
I've stitched your set of images using AutoPano Giga 2.5.1. Final result here along with a QTVR and the project file. Looking at the images and the result from PTGUI I'm not convinced you've nailed the NPP on the NN5. PTGUI I find is more "forgiving" than APG. Can you take a set of 6 shots around, this time tilting the upper arm DOWN -15 degs? That will let us look at the position of the upper/lower arms.
Here is another pano (raw files) with the lens tilted down 15 degrees (one click down from the upper arm)
Again please pardon the mess, mid spring cleaning.
BTW I bought the NN5 from you guys, incredible service, more than happy!
Last edited by Ben Rubinstein; 04-06-2011 at 03:59 AM.
Sorry my bad - can you shoot @ -30 degs down? -15 degs isn't enough. Also, just upload JPEGS as I'm not needing the RAW images.
I'm going to do some rechecking of the NPP, see if that is what most of the problem is, I'll report back soon...
Last edited by Ben Rubinstein; 04-06-2011 at 04:55 AM.
Ben, Your 15 degree down shots stitch flawlessly in PTGui. The optimizer report shows an average control point distance of 0.65 pixels and a maximum of 1.66, which is very good - and this is with a wide vertical spread of points. I can see no evidence of any parallax problems, so your upper rail setting is fine. Taking two shots with the camera pointing vertically down, rotating the head through 180 degrees between the shots is also a good way to check both the lower rail setting and also the rotational position of the camera on its mounting to the upper rail. (You check for parallax movement of the head against the floor in the background).
The -15 degs down also stitched great in APG 2.5.1 with a Global RMS of 2.96
Didn't for me in APP, had significant misalignment, especially in the tiles. However using a custom lens profile easily made, I'm getting 100% perfect stitches every time with PTGui. Seems to be a lens distortions thing....
I'll upload the APG project file for you to look at. If your now getting good results with PTGUI then at least you know the hardware is setup correctly.
I'd appreciate that!
I'm now running triple layer (full 360X180) pano's using PTGui and this profile with 100% perfect results, ditto HDR pano's. I will of course try it out tomorrow in different locations, outdoors for example, to check that this profile I've been given is not for this location only which would rather defeat the purpose.
Many thanks again and I'm very glad I bought one of the last NN5's from you, it's much better than I could even have hoped for, I'm glad I chose it over the RRS solution to be honest eventhough I do own the RRS pano elements package. The NN5 seems to have been designed specifically for the working pro in the field who wants the maximum of ease with the least amount of fuss and the ability to concentrate on the job at hand. The little screw in stops for use with a popular lens is just genius, you can be set up in low light without squinting to read figures with a torch or getting a crick in your neck when positioned on the edge of a balcony. Very well thought through and that's even before I start talking about the click stops, the build quality, etc.
Hi Ben,
Just like to report that I as well got a good result with AGP 2.5.1 with a Global RMS of 2.75. I have changed my preferences in "Optimize": from "quick" to "Heavy". Advanced preferences: I clicked 1) 2) 3) only CP below RMS 5.0 5).
You could use 6? When you changed NPP because of pole pano shots Z+N for example.
I added Cp between shot 3-4 and 4-5. With these changes I could at least get RMS 2.75.
So when you train a little bit you should get good results with Autopano as well. But still I prefer PTGui: never change a winning team


text:
West Side StorySun, June 9, 2013 - 6:30 PMClowes Memorial Hall in Indianapolis, IN
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May 25, 2012, 9:44 a.m.
When a presidential candidate loses his home state, it is a particular embarrassment, writes Matthew Cooper. Why? The people of one's home state know the candidate the best. Test your knowledge of the handful of candidates who lost their home states, three of whom went on to win the presidency despite the loss.
CORRECTION: The original version of this photo gallery quiz misidentified a previously held elected position of Richard Nixon's.


text:
About the Virtual Gallery
The Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania
Last Modified: March 8, 2002
Confronting Cancer Through Art is a unique exhibition that gives vision and voice to the experiences of all those who have confronted cancer. Sponsored by the Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania and the Arthur Ross Gallery, the juried exhibition includes nearly 200 works and statements by 112 artists. Many of the artists are cancer survivors who used their art as a means of expressing their feelings and coping with their illness. Others created their works in response to the illness of a family member or friend. When issuing a call for submissions, the Cancer Center and the Arthur Ross Gallery hoped to obtain enough works to mount a respectable show. The response was overwhelming. The exhibition was extended to a second gallery, and approximately 90 works were displayed at the two sites during the summer of 1996. Still, it was not enough to accommodate all of the pieces that deserved to be seen. Thus the idea for a Virtual Gallery was born. It is our hope that the Virtual Gallery will bring the powerful and inspirational experience of Confronting Cancer Through Art to cancer suvivors and their loved ones throughout the world.
Honorary Chair
Evelyn H. Lauder
Founder, The Breast Cancer Research Foundation
Gerald Silk, PhD
Associate Professor, Tyler School of Art, Temple University
Judith Tannenbaum
Associate Director, Institute of Contemporary Art, University of Pennsylvania
Dilys Winegrad, Ph.D.
Director/Curator, Arthur Ross Gallery, University of Pennsylvania
Becky Young
Artist, Lecturer in Photography, Graduate School of Fine Arts, University of Pennsylvania


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The head of my department hosted a fun in the snow day out on the lake--sledding, skiing, snowball fights and all that--followed by veggie chili. So, for once, I did not have to make dinner. So, I thought I would share our Sunday brunch: pancakes with blueberries and raspberries, hash browns, tofu scramble, and these breakfast sausages. The boys loved them and gobbled them down. To my palate, the spicing in these is spot on, and the end result is incredibly sausage-like (well, for someone who has not had meat in over 2 1/2 years).
Sunday, March 2, 2008
Breakfast Sausages
The head of my department hosted a fun in the snow day out on the lake--sledding, skiing, snowball fights and all that--followed by veggie chili. So, for once, I did not have to make dinner. So, I thought I would share our Sunday brunch: pancakes with blueberries and raspberries, hash browns, tofu scramble, and these breakfast sausages. The boys loved them and gobbled them down. To my palate, the spicing in these is spot on, and the end result is incredibly sausage-like (well, for someone who has not had meat in over 2 1/2 years).
23 comments:
- pleasantly plump vegan said...
great looking breakfast!
- March 2, 2008 at 11:06 PM
- arthursmommy said...
These look really good. And mixed fruit pancakes are the best. I plan to make the sausages you cooked up the other night. They keep calling my name. :) Have a great week.
- March 3, 2008 at 10:41 AM
- missblueberry said...
wow! Really impressed with this blog. The writing is fantastic. Do you mind if I link your url?
Feel free to do the same with my site.
- March 3, 2008 at 12:48 PM
- Vegan Dad said...
Link away, vegancowgirl, link away!
- March 3, 2008 at 1:30 PM
- Eesh said...
Ohh This looks amazing! I just love breakfast!
- March 3, 2008 at 2:27 PM
- Katie said...
Those sausages look like the ones I remember as a kid! I love maple syrup flavors in sausage - can't wait to make these!
- March 4, 2008 at 3:14 PM
- half pint pixie said...
those sausages look very yummy. I've never been able to find wheat gluten locally. But for those sausages I will resolve to make an extra special effort to find it and then cook sausages for breakfast, yum :)
- March 18, 2008 at 12:04 PM
- Annie said...
Did you ever follow up on how the sausages stood up to freezing?
- March 31, 2008 at 8:47 PM
- Vegan Dad said...
Yes, the sausages freeze just fine. Keep them in their foil wrappers in the freezer, and they are best when thawed in the fridge overnight.
- March 31, 2008 at 9:11 PM
- Anonymous said...
Can they be made into patties?
- June 2, 2008 at 7:15 PM
- Vegan Dad said...
That depends. The reason these come out so well is the steaming process gives the wheat gluten a very meaty quality. Were you to fry the dough in a patty I don't think you would get the same results. But, here is what I think you could do. Make one mother sausage with the dough and steam for about 60-70 mins. Once cooked and cooled, slice the sausage into patties and pan fry. In fact, I am going to try this next Sunday for brunch.
- June 2, 2008 at 7:55 PM
- DancesInGarden said...
I made these today. The taste is very good, but the texture is very soft. Are they supposed to be chewy, like a cooked sausage? I wonder if I should have steamed them longer than 20 minutes. Basically, what should I be looking for when they are "done"?
- August 23, 2008 at 7:46 PM
- Vegan Dad said...
dances in gardens,
the sausages should swell against the foil. 20 mins should be enough if you make the wee breakfast sausages. You can try upping the gluten a bit and cooking them longer if they are too chewy. They should have some chew, like a sausage, but should be firm.
- August 23, 2008 at 9:58 PM
- Jaime said...
i just made these. they would have been perfect if i hadn't forgotten the nooch! how could i foget my favorite ingredient????
spices and texture are perfect. can't wait to make again and not screw it up!
- January 14, 2010 at 6:38 PM
- Sarah said...
I just made these. A made a half batch, steamed them, and then browned in a skillet with maple syrup as suggested. This is the best sausage ever, I think. Husband and roommate said they don't have the weird fake bouncy-bland flavor of other fake meats. success!
- January 30, 2010 at 5:32 PM
- Mr.Ball said...
We substituted and equal measure of cooked quinoa for the beans and the consistency was still good. Thank you for all of your recipes.
- February 24, 2010 at 10:52 PM
- Judith said...
These turned out great. I added 3/4 cup veggie broth and 1/4 cup maple syrup. thanks for the great recipe. My daughter loves the maple sausage sub. And it can get expensive at 4 dollars a pop for 6. Once again thank you.
- March 2, 2011 at 1:14 PM
- hannah said...
I've made these a couple times. I really like the texture when you substitute TVP for the white beans. Thanks for the recipe!
- April 22, 2011 at 11:55 PM
- Susan (peebsmama) said...
I made these sausages this morning to go along with our bagels and soy cream cheese. I made only half the recipe which yeilded 8 sausages for me. I substituted rehydrated tvp for the beans. After steaming them, I took your suggestion to simmer the sausages in the syrup/water. They were very tasty with that glaze. The only thing I would do differently next time is add salt to the mix. Thanks for this breakfast recipe.
- January 6, 2012 at 7:02 AM
- RoseA said...
Oh my goodness, I can't believe I didn't stumble across this recipe sooner. I just made these tonight, and they are AMAZING! I will definitely be making my own veggie sausages from now on. Thank you for sharing your recipe.
- May 23, 2012 at 8:55 PM
- Suzanne D. Grant said...
Made these tonight for breakfast tomorrow. Of course We couldn't wait for breakfast and tried them tonight. Yum!
- July 26, 2012 at 9:25 PM
- Denis said...
Hi, the recipe calls for half of cup of beans. That sounds low for 25 sausages. Is that the right quantity? Thanks
- December 16, 2012 at 11:20 AM
- JayRed said...
Quick question, is there an alternate cooking option such as poaching in plastic wrap instead of steaming? Thanks!
- July 15, 2014 at 12:34 PM


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I was told once that a phase inverter tube should "just work" and that it has no effect whatsoever on the tone of the amplifier. Is this true?
It's much too long to quote, so I'll link to Myles Rose's paper about the Phase Inverter and quote this:
It makes sense that the phase inverter is very important. It's feeding the signal from the pre-amp into the power-tubes and has to make that signal change very cleanly, without adding any distortion. At least that's the idea for an amp running very cleanly.
With a lot of amps we rely on the pre-amp stage to provide the distortion, so the power-amp tubes really should only amplify. But, there's a really nice distortion you get when the power-tubes are getting pushed, and, according to that article it's the phase-inverter that is responsible for that sound. So, making sure that tube is in good shape is important otherwise the output-stage distortion will be weak or flabby sounding instead of fat, like it should sound.
All the tubes degenerate as they are used so it's a good idea to swap them out periodically. A good amp tech. will be your best asset when trying to figure out when that should be.
The phase inverter is the final amplifier of the chain. If you overdive it, it will distort. The distortion depends on the tube(some tubes will distort sooner than others or differently).
A phase inverter is simply an amplifier configured in such a way to give the original amplified signal and another signal 180 degree's out of phase to drive the push pull amp.
There are two things that can make the amp sound different due to the PI. If it is overdriven and/or if it is asymmetric.
It depends a lot on the tube itself and on the type of phase inverter circuit used.
In any case the tube will have about the same effect as any other tube in the chain. Any tube will have more of an effect the harder it is driven. All tubes will behave approximately the same if they are kept in in their linear range. Even bad tubes can sound good if not driven hard enough(All physical devices behave linearly within some range).
There are more important things in a tube amp that effect the sound than the tubes(if the tubes are working). EQ, pre-amp bias type/level, Full load current, tone stack type, feedback amount, etc...
What makes tube amps sound different is generally not the tubes since all tubes pretty much behave very similarly even when distorting.
Whatever minute differences you'll get from changing good tubes don't compare to changing the EQ(EQ has the most drastic effect on an amp's distortion).
Of course we are assuming working tubes.
The reason why some tubes do work better typically have to do with the type of circuit the amp is built around rather than the tube itself. I know this sounds contradictory but the point is that some circuits happen to be out of spec and some tubes can handle it better(or worse depending on your perspective). What this means is that it's more of a problem with the circuit itself than something special about the tube and instead of changing the tubes you can fix the circuit. Of course it's easier for people to change tubes rather which is why you get so many people doing it and claiming some tubes are better than others.
Given that there are only like 4 vacuum tube manufacturers left in the world and 99% of the tubes you see are just rebranded versions goes to show that tubes don't make all that much of a difference.
The more distortion you are after though the more the tubes come into effect up to a point then all tubes will sound almost identical.
The idea is that the pre-amp is where you get your distortion by overdriving the tubes there. Unfortunately this can happen in the PI too trying to get more gain which causes them to distort. Because of the circuit difference it will distort differently which will have a different effect.
If you are comparing PI tubes make sure you are driving them as hard as the amp allows to get the real difference else they will all sound almost identical(i.e., the whole point of saying they are operating in the linear region).
Apologies for answering my own question, but after performing some empirical experiments the answer in short is: yes. A phase inverter has an effect on the tone of your amplifier. I performed some experiments with the following tubes:
I matched all the following combinations for the PA and the PI in my Orange AD-30R and recorded a clip of me playing (almost) the same riff with my Les Paul R8. The settings and volume were identical on each clip, and they were recorded through a SM-57 into an Apogee Duet with Logic Pro on my Macbook.
After I have A/B'd these clips, I can tell that there are obvious differences between all of them. Take the two clips with the JJ's for the Preamp tube for example. There is a very noticable harshness to the clip using another JJ in the PI, while the Mullard is less so--fatter and more evenly spaced. There is, of course, also the fact that the Mullard is a 12AT7 and the JJ is a 12AX7. That could attribute to the fatter sound due to higher headroom and a much lower gain rating.
As you can tell in each of these clips, there is a noticeable difference between the JJ phase inverter and the Mullard phase inverter. I have ran additional tests with the RCA and Tesla tubes as phase inverters, and in each case the amplifier sounds different—so the difference in tube types isn't completely the reason for the tone difference.


text:
February 03, 2013
J&B Met 2013 Twitter pictures
Thousands of fashion fanatics and horseracing fans gathered at Kenilworth Racecourse in Cape Town on February 2, for the 2013 J&B Met. The main race was won by Martial Eagle, a rank outsider, and while most pundits failed to predict this upset, they clearly had a great time all the same.
Below are some snaps posted on Twitter. Tweet us any more pics you'd like to share.


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Stormy weather in the northwestern Caribbean Sea could develop into a tropical cyclone as it moves over the Gulf, the National Hurricane Center said in a forecast Thursday. The "weather disturbance" is dumping rain over the Yucatan peninsula and Belize. The firms are also monitoring Tropical Storm Erin.
By ALISON SIDER
Marathon Oil and BP said they are evacuating some workers
from the Gulf of Mexico as a storm makes its way from the
Caribbean Sea toward the US Gulf waters.
Marathon is removing an unspecified number of non-essential
personnel in from its Ewing Bank platform about 130 miles south
of New Orleans, but production has not been affected,
spokeswoman Lee Warren said Thursday.
As a precaution, BP has started evacuating non-essential
personnel from its four deep-water production platforms in the
Gulf though they are continuing to pump oil and gas, according
to a statement posted on the company's website. Drilling rigs
it has hired have temporarily stopped working and are preparing
to get out of the storm's way if necessary, BP said.
Stormy weather in the northwestern Caribbean Sea could
develop into a tropical cyclone as it moves over the Gulf, the
National Hurricane Center said in a forecast Thursday. The
"weather disturbance" is dumping rain over the Yucatan
peninsula and Belize.
Marathon said it is also monitoring Tropical Storm Erin,
which is southwest of the Cape Verde Islands, far to the east
of the Gulf.
Other oil and natural gas producers in the US Gulf of
Mexico, including Chevron, ConocoPhillips and BHP
Billiton, said Wednesday they were monitoring the weather in
the Gulf.
Dow Jones Newswires
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A searchable database of project activity in the global hydrocarbon processing industry
Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
Is 2016 the peak for US gasoline demand?
Too soon to tell
July 2016


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The site of the project is Yinchuan in the Ningxia region, where air separation plants are being built under the management of Linde and Hangyang for one of the world's largest coal liquefaction production plants. The turbomachinery ordered will be used in one of the air separation plants.
MAN Diesel & Turbo was awarded a contract for a
major project to build 11 turbomachinery
trains in China, the company announced on Friday.
The contract value is in excess of 125 million.
The site of the project is Yinchuan in the Ningxia
region, where air separation plants are being built under the
management of Linde and Hangyang for one of the worlds
largest coal liquefaction production plants.
The chemical process used requires huge quantities of oxygen.
The turbomachinery ordered will be used in an air separation
plant which will generate about 40,000 tpd of oxygen from the
atmosphere, according to company officials.
The plant is operated by the Shenhua Ningxia Coal Industry
This major contract is confirmation that we have
identified todays demands for such mega-plants at an
early stage and responded accordingly, said Dr.
René Umlauft, CEO of MAN Diesel & Turbo. The
MAX1 axial compressor used in all eleven machine
trains was the most challenging compressor development project in the companys
history and has proved its worth yet again.
Each machine train consists of three different MAN products:
a six-stage MAX1 axial/centrifugal compressor type
AR115/06M with high-pressure radial component, a six-stage
integrally geared compressor type RG 56-6, and a condensing
steam turbine DK080/250R, acting as the driver for both
The MAX1 axial compressor is regarded as a
technical landmark, according to the company -- a result
of several years of intensive development work that was
completed in 2011. Together with German partner MTU Aero
Engines, Munich, MAN Diesel & Turbo has combined for the
first time in this configuration the advantages of industrial
compressors -- robust design and high efficiency --
with the advantage of gas turbine compressors and aircraft
engines, the exceptionally high power density.
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A searchable database of project activity in the global hydrocarbon processing industry
Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
Is 2016 the peak for US gasoline demand?
Too soon to tell
July 2016


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By Erin McKelle (Intern, 2013) Shopping. This experience is usually quite different for those who are thin (or what society deems as "normal") and those who are fat (or what society deems unacceptable). The fact is, clothing is tainted with thin privilege, being designed to be worn by those of a petite stature. If your body … [Read more...]
Plus-Size Shopping: Making Body Love and Acceptance a Part of Your Wardrobe
November 18, 2013 By


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I'm having trouble getting custom plugins to load within the build process.
I have added a jar command to the build-plugins.xml file under the make-plugin-jars target, but otherwise have left the build process largely untouched. The plugin loads and works fine executing through Eclipse, but isn't loaded at all when running the RText jar produced in the distribution folder. I noticed with some surprise that the class files for my plugin are present in the RText jar while none of the "default" plugins' files are; I assume this is related. What else do I need to do in the build process or within the plugin or RText source to get plugin loading working? Am I overlooking something simple?
(I should also note that the plugin jar produced, including manifest file, works fine; it loads great in the root Eclipse project folder.)


text:
Given a commutative Artin algebra $A$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ one has a decomposition $A=A_1\oplus\ldots\oplus A_n$ into local Artin subalgebras, see for example Atiyah-McDonald, Introduction To Commutative Algebra, Theorem 8.7. The subalgebras $A_i$ are uniquely determined up to the isomorphism.
The question is as follows. Are the inclusions $A_i\subset A$ uniquely determined as well? They should be, but I cannot find an accurate proof.
UPD: So, the inclusions are not necessarily unique. But may there exist an infinite number of inclusions? Or the number of inclusions is necessarily finite?
Motivation: If there is a finite number of ways for the embedding $A_i\to A$ then the connected group of unity $(Aut A)^{\circ}$ of the automorphism group of algebra $A$ stabilizes the subalgebra $A_i$.


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As mentioned in the title, I want to understand the proof of Poincare Conjecture by Perelman, what prerequisites do I need?
What prerequisites do I need to read the book Ricci Flow and the Poincare Conjecture, published by CMI
If I were going there I wouldn't start from here.
If you're new to 3-manifolds, it might better to familiarise yourself with them intimately before starting on Perelman's work. In fact, learning some knot theory (in particular Dehn surgery) would be a good first step. I don't remember where I first learned this stuff, but I do remember sitting on the floor in the library in front of the low-dimensional topology section and looking at lots of books (perhaps a better search mechanism than Google when you're not quite sure what you're looking for). One good such book is Rolfsen's "Knots and Links". I remember being very happy when I worked out why $S^1\times S^2$ is the result of doing 0-surgery on $S^3$ (there's a nice picture).
Maybe using the Wirtinger presentation and van Kampen's theorem to compute the fundamental group of the Poincaré sphere would be a good exercise to convince yourself you understand what's going on with Dehn surgery.
The basic observation in all of this is that the 3-sphere is the union of two solid tori (or indeed of two handlebodies of arbitrary genus).
If that grabs your imagination then a good step would be to convince yourself that every 3-manifold can be presented as (a) a Heegaard splitting, (b) a sequence of Dehn surgeries on the 3-sphere. This uses the Lickorish theorem (that the mapping class group of a surface is generated by Dehn twists) and that will lead you into studying 2-manifolds (see Farb and Margalit's book on mapping classes for an excellent presentation).
When you have convinced yourself that the classification of 3-manifolds is an interesting and worthwhile subject then there are Hatcher's survey, Allen Hatcher's notes on 3-manifolds and Hempel's book (amongst other places). You could have a look at Stalling's "How not to prove the Poincaré conjecture" (available on his website) and maybe at the proof of the Poincaré conjecture in high dimensions (either Smale's original paper or Milnor's wonderful h-cobordism theorem book) to get an idea of what you're missing by living in three dimensions.
Perelman's approach comes from a completely different world to any of this: the world of Thurston's geometrisation conjecture. Thurston's book introduces some of these ideas (with an emphasis on the hyperbolic) and his papers are full of beautiful insights. Once you have at least some familiarity with this stuff you could reasonably crack open a book on Ricci flow and start learning about that, but be warned that it won't necessarily bear much resemblance to anything else you've read about 3-manifolds.
Of course you don't need all this background to understand Ricci flow, but at least you'll know what a 3-manifold is.
I also stand by my comment that the best way to learn something is to pick up a difficult book containing something you would like to understand and then look stuff up as and when you need it. Google and Wikipedia are wonderful for quick reference but they are not an easy place to learn a subject thoroughly for the first time.
Edit: As Deane Yang points out below, if you're more interested in Ricci flow itself, there may be better learning approaches. For instance, Chow and Knopf have a nice book in which they introduce Ricci flow and use it to prove the uniformisation theorem in two dimensions. They also cover Hamilton's theorem that a positively curved 3-manifold admits a metric of constant positive sectional curvature. These are both strictly easier than Perelman, while still involving hard differential geometry. Of course, you need to learn some differential geometry but there are plenty of good books about that.
My humble advice for learning about Ricci flow generally, after obtaining some background in Riemannian geometry, would be to start with a book which gets you to important results quickly. An excellent book is the one by Peter Topping. (The only typo I observed there is the one regarding backwards uniqueness, which is now due to Brett Kotschwar.) After that, there are excellent books on the differentiable spherical space form theorem by Brendle and Andrews--Hopper; see also the original papers of Boehm--Wilking and Brendle--Schoen.
What is irreplaceable is to read and to reread the original works by the masters, i.e., Hamilton and Perelman. A collection of Ricci flow papers, mostly by Hamilton, is edited by H.D. Cao, etal.; this is a convenient place to get Hamilton's papers in one place. Perelman's papers are on arXiv. There are a number of excellent expositions of their work (focused on Perelman's work), which actually go beyond expositions and include various degrees of original work, namely in alphabetical order: Bessieres--Besson--Boileau--Maillot--Porti, Cao--Zhu, Kleiner--Lott, and Morgan--Tian.
The above remarks only pertain to Riemannian Ricci flow.


text: I need to create an email in C# that is sent to a blackberry (or outlook) and recognized as an invite. For now I create an email with inclusion of a text.ics attachment so that in outlook, the user can click on the attachment and add it to his calendar, that work. The problem is that it's not recognized as an invite in outlook invite email nor on a blackberry.


text:
I'd like to use the same scripting for cron and interactive, just wondering if there was a universal way over UNIX/Linux systems to easily make this determination.
How can a sh script determine if it was started as a cron job as opposed to interactive or background?
You can try to return the name of the parent process with something like this: -
For me this returned konsole when I ran this interactively.
or you could script in some logic to handle situations.
Now when executing the script you can pass an option as an attribute like so :-
there is no universal way at all. using interactive/noninteractive shell detection or tty detection is not reliable either, as other cases than cron can have these characteristics. just add a variable in your cron entry. say you need to run test.sh, then use this instead.
This is fairly easy and reliable, if you control the cron setup.
I don't know how portable this is, but on Linux you can run
Note that the tty will also not be set if the script is running non-interactively from something other than cron, but since you said you want to distinguish cron from interactive, that shouldn't be an issue.
Other than that, possibly the most robust solution is to add a switch to your script, telling it whether it is running from cron or not, as suggested in a Stack Overflow question.


text:
March 22, 2013
Milnerton nets – Flickr pic of the day
This image of fishermen casting nets to get their catch at the Milnerton lagoon was captured by our Cape Town. Live it. Love it. Flickr group member Bruce, aka smee.bruce.
Bruce says: "I was looking for sunset shots across Table Bay and decided to check out the Milnerton lagoon. There was a group of men using cast nets and they were bringing in a steady trickle of harders (mullet). I had to wade into the lagoon to place the subject in the right position."
Asked what he loves about Cape Town, Bruce says: "Apart from photography, I am at the moment enjoying the local live music scene. Support the local musicians – they are awesome!"
Do you have images of Cape Town you'd like to share with us? We'd love you to join the Cape Town. Live it. Love it. Flickr group!


text:
Marvin Rush, Board Member
Marvin Rush of Seguin is founder and chairman of Rush Enterprises Inc. He is a member of the American Truck Dealers Board of Directors, National Automobile Dealers Association and Texas Automobile Dealers Association Truck Division.
He is also a past member of the Associates Gold Wheel Dealer Council, GMC Truck Dealer Council, Paclease Truck Sales Executive Committee, Peterbilt Motors Company and Rockwell Advisory Board.
Rush is appointed for a term to expire Feb. 1, 2017.


text:
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| Cazenave, J., Aspen Technology Inc., Reading, UK
This article examines three applications where rigorous heat exchanger models can boost value derived from process simulation and provide more accurate results.
[heat exchanger]
Today, process engineers are responsible for many project
activities, including conceptual design, revamp studies and
operational troubleshooting. Increasingly, the process
simulator is an essential tool central to these activities.
Process simulators are very powerful tools for modeling all or
parts of a process. While they are excellent for
general-purpose process modeling, it is the process
engineers responsibility to understand to what extent
these tools can be applied, and how combining their application
with more specialized tools might be appropriate. This choice
is ultimately based on the business and technical objectives to
be achieved.
This article examines three different applications where
rigorous heat exchanger models can enhance value derived from
process simulation and provide more accurate results. These
applications include conceptual designs of new plants, revamps
of existing facilities, and operations
One of the key responsibilities of the process engineer is
related to the conceptual design of processes. With conceptual
design, the use of process simulation is central to project activities. The initial
stages of conceptual design consider the main process synthesis
and separation operations required to convert feedstocks to products. At this
early stage, the process flowsheet typically involves
simplified models of reactors, distillation columns, and the
heating and cooling services required to facilitate the
essential parts of the process. At this stage, the type and
design of equipment required, for example, to preheat reactants
before they enter a reactor, are less important. The
traditional functionality of process simulation in providing
heat and mass balance over the conceptual process is
As the conceptual design evolves, it becomes important to
take account of the actual equipment involved. The reactors,
separators and heat exchangers need to be evaluated to further
develop their designs to ensure desired performance; to size
them adequately; and to obtain estimates of the capital cost of
the process, the heating and cooling utility requirements and
the energy cost to operate the process. Heat transfer equipment
can typically be up to 30% of the capital cost of process
equipment. Therefore, as the process design progresses, it is
important to take account of the real design requirements for
the major heat transfer equipment items. For any heat
exchanger, two main aspects must be considered:
The first aspect can be modeled by a simple equation:
Q = m (ho
hi) (1)
where Q is the rate of heat transfer, m is
the mass flow, h is specific enthalpy, and the
subscripts o and i refer, respectively, to
outlet and inlet. Where there is no phase change, this can be
expressed as:
Q = m Cp (To
Ti) (2)
where Cp is the specific heat of the fluid, and
T is the temperature.
Consider the following simple example, where a water/water
exchanger has been modeled with one side heating up from
20°C to 90°C, while the other side is cooling down from
90°C to 20°C (Fig. 1).
However, if the exchanger must be designed to determine how
much surface it will require, the basic heat transfer equation
(for pure counter-current flow) must be considered:
where U is the overall heat transfer coefficient,
A is the effective area in the heat exchanger, and
LMTD is the logarithmic mean temperature
If a generic heat exchanger is assumed to have two ends
(here referred to as A and
B) at which the hot and cold streams enter
or exit on either side, then LMTD is defined by the
logarithmic mean, as follows:
ΔTB) ÷ [ln
where ΔTA is the temperature
difference between the two streams at end A, and
ΔTB is the temperature difference
between the two streams at end B. In this case, the
LMTD will have a limit of 0, so it will need a
UA with an infinite limit.
The second aspect to consider for any real equipment is the
pressure drop that will be consumed on the hot and cold sides
as the respective streams flow through the heat exchanger. It
is normal for the process engineer to designate how much
pressure drop will be allocated to a particular exchanger. For
example, in turbulent flow inside tubes, the local
heat transfer coefficient varies approximately with the mass
velocity raised to the power 0.8. The pressure drop varies
approximately with the mass velocity squared. This means that,
if pressure drop is kept low, the heat transfer coefficient
will be very low, and a large surface area will be needed for
the heat exchanger. A realistic pressure drop must be estimated
at this stage to enable the design of the heat exchanger later
without having to rework the process design.
A more realistic way to model the exchanger is to assume
that one side of the exchanger is between 90°C and
25°C, with the other side heating up from 20°C to
85°C. Both sides have a pressure drop of 0.5 bar
(Fig. 2).
The main issue with this approach is that it is easy for the
process engineer to specify conditions that later make it
difficult to achieve a practical exchanger design. This hampers
effective collaboration between process engineers and thermal
design specialists, resulting in additional cycles of
engineering to refine the overall process and equipment
One way to promote better collaboration between disciplines
and achieve better designs quickly is to use a rigorous
exchanger modeling tool within the process simulation to
achieve a preliminary design. This approach enables the process
engineer to get a better first approximation for evaluating the
feasibility of the process, and to give the thermal specialist
a useful starting point for full design optimization. Where
this technique is employed, it has been shown to reduce project
schedules and eliminate costly rework.
The second type of project where rigorous heat exchanger
modeling can improve the engineering workflow is a revamp.
Typically, revamp projects have two main aspects.
First, there is a check that the actual proposed equipment in
the process is accurately simulating the plant performance
data. Secondly, what if options can be explored for
process and capital improvements, with different equipment
geometries and stream sequencings validated against the
revamps performance objective.
Modeling an existing exchanger can be easy if plant data is
available. The process simulator allows the specification of
process conditions for the exchanger. This, in turn, allows
simple modeling of an exchanger based on EQ. 3, and it enables
the simulator to estimate the exchanger duty. The inherent
assumption is that UA will remain constant. The
pressure drop will not be recalculated by the simulator, so any
variation will need to be estimated with a manual calculation.
As mentioned earlier, for single-phase turbulent flow inside
tubes, the local heat transfer coefficient will vary according
a = f(m0.8)
where a is the local tube-side heat transfer coefficient,
and m is the mass velocity in the tubes. This
indicates that, as the flow of either stream in an exchanger is
varied, the simple modeling of the simulator will result in an
error in the estimated duty of an exchanger. Change in steam
properties will also be unaccounted for in this simple modeling
In the following example, the first exchanger downstream of
the desalter in a crude preheat train is subject to examination
in a revamp study where the overall aim is to recover more
pumparound energy and increase the throughput of the refinery (Fig. 3).
The first step is to model the existing exchanger. The crude on
the tube side of this exchanger is focused on in Table
In the first set of process conditions, the rigorous model
and UA model values are close. This is expected, since
the UA model is based on the result of the rigorous
calculation performed during the design stage. However, when
the process conditions change, the UA model and
rigorous model diverge, with the relative difference increasing
from less than 1% to more than 3% for the temperature drop, and
from less than 2% to more than 20% for the pressure drop. The
rigorous modeling shows that the pressure drop increased to a
value higher than the limit of 0.6 bar defined in the process.
After the revamp and a redesign of the heat exchanger, it is
possible to calculate the pressure drop for the rigorous model
below the limit of 0.6 bar.
The rigorous modeling of the heat exchanger is needed to
check the performance with new process conditions and to
properly design a revamped heat exchanger. The integration of rigorous modeling
inside the simulator allows the engineer to check the
anticipated heat exchanger performance and take any corrective
design actions without leaving the simulator environment.
In this case study, an existing exchanger on a gas
compression system is water-cooled. The process is modeled with
a control operation that simulates the adjustment of the water
flow to achieve a specified outlet temperature for the gas
being cooled on the tube side of the heat exchanger
(Fig. 4).
In the rigorous exchanger simulation shown in Fig.
5, it is clear that the pressure drop on the water
side is below the maximum allowable for the existing operating
Pressure drop. The increase in water flow
has resulted in a pressure drop on the shell side, which
exceeds the design allowable. This may mean that sufficient
pumping capacity will not be available to achieve the required
Dynamic pressure. The Tubular Exchanger
Manufacturers Association (TEMA) defines maximum dynamic
pressure as:
q = rho v2 (6)
where rho is the fluid density, and v is
the fluid velocity.1
The maximum dynamic pressure will be different based on the
exchanger geometry. Exceeding these values brings the risk of
excessive erosion and the potential for premature failure of
tubes or other pressure parts of the exchanger.
Vibration. The rigorous exchanger model
performs a vibration analysis for the exchanger bundle. It can
be seen that the increase in the cooling-water flowrate has
resulted in a possible risk of flow-induced vibration for this
exchanger bundle. This can lead to tube failure, which, in some
cases, can be rapid.
Today, leading engineering and operating companies in the
chemical and energy sectors are exploiting the integration of rigorous exchanger
models within process simulation to reduce project schedules,
minimize rework, and provide better overall optimization of
their processes.
However, traditional organizations often separate process
engineering, thermal design and mechanical design functions,
which can be a barrier to the adoption of integrated
technologies. As companies recognize the benefits provided by
closer cooperation between the disciplines involved, many are
seeing that they can make much more effective use of specialist
skills when process engineers undertake preliminary designs
using rigorous models in their simulations. Such simulations
can then be fully optimized by the thermal specialist as
process activities proceed.
In many smaller engineering organizations, a broader skill
base for process engineers allows them to directly exploit the
benefits of the integration discussed here. In a case
study2 presented at the OPTIMIZE 2011 conference,
one chemical company discussed a feasibility study wherein a
reduction in capital equipment costs of 15% and an annual
energy savings of $200,000 were discovered through the
integration of rigorous equipment modeling with process
Another company obtained an estimated $5.5 million in
additional revenue from increased liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
production, while reducing equipment costs by $0.5
million.3 This was achieved through the integration
of a plate-fin rigorous modeling tool inside a process
simulator. The integration allowed the evaluation of various
alternative process solutions and their direct impact on
temperature approach in the heat exchanger type selected.
The integration of rigorous modeling
tools for heat exchanger modeling inside process simulators
allows a faster delivery of projects by shortening the
discussion time between different disciplines. Process
engineers can be confident with the results of the process
modeling by using the real geometry and the most rigorous tool
for the heat exchanger calculation. Finally, plant operations
are made safer by modeling all aspects of the heat exchanger
operation, such as vibration.
1 Standards of the Tubular Exchanger
Manufacturers Association, 9th Ed., New York, New York,
2 Roy, E., presentation at the AspenTech OPTIMIZE
2011 Conference, Washington, DC, May 2011.
3 Venkatesh, L., Petrofac Engineering India Ltd., presentation at
Aspentech OPTIMIZE 2011 Conference, Washington, DC, May
All comments are subject to editorial review.
All fields are compulsory.
konstantin popov
Good and useful article. Heat exchanger design and rating is not easy job. The main problems arises from "internals" conditions and generally TDS . I mean: baffles, nozzles, tube pitches, types of Heat Exchangers (ASTM) et.set.
Part of your question what is hot fluid and cold fluid? This denepds on the application and fluids can be anything that do not harm the material of the heat exchanger . The two fluids do not mix but interchange heat through the exchanger's wall.
Eduardo Rosales
I think it is a good article, clear and short, anybody can understand the basic heat exchange concepts.
Dharmendra R Patel
In today`s competitive world of processing industry , the design should be based on 3E`. i.e. easy ,effective and efficient. While designing the heat exchangers,reactors ,the software application with appropriate tool matters. It seems not only technical fulfillment of the objective but effects the economic aspects too. Dharmendra R PatelSr.Manager ( P- Cyclohexanone I )Caprolactam -IGujarat state fertilizers & chemicals Ltd-391750,India.e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
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A searchable database of project activity in the global hydrocarbon processing industry
Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
Is 2016 the peak for US gasoline demand?
Too soon to tell
July 2016


text:
Heart Disease Health Center
Magnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA)
What Affects the Test
Reasons you may not be able to have the test or why the results may not be helpful include:
- Pregnancy. Although the strong magnetic field used for an MRA does not appear to be harmful, MRA usually is not done when you are pregnant. If a view of your belly is needed and you are pregnant, an ultrasound test may be done instead.
- You are using a medical device that contains metal, such as an IUD, a pacemaker, some types of artificial limbs, or medicine infusion pumps. These devices can malfunction or cause problems during an MRA scan.
- Not being able to lie still during the test. The results of MRA may not be accurate if you can't remain still during the test.
- Being overweight and not fitting into the opening of some MRI scanners.
What To Think About
- While MRA is a safe and valuable test for looking at blood vessels inside the body, it is more expensive than other imaging techniques, and it may not be available in all medical centers.
- An advantage of MRA is that no radiation is involved.
- You may be able to have your MRA in an open MRI machine that doesn't enclose your entire body. But open MRI machines aren't available everywhere. The pictures from an open MRI may not be as good as those from a standard MRI machine . Also, these machines may not be able to do all the studies needed to check for problems.
- Open MRI is useful for people who are claustrophobic or obese.
- Conventional angiogram or a CT angiogram (computed tomography angiogram) may be done to double-check abnormal results from the MRA in some types of blood vessels such as the aorta. These tests might be an option especially if surgery is being considered to treat the problem.
- MRA results may show an aneurysm is present when it is not (false-positive). It also may show no aneurysm when one is present (false-negative). MRA is most accurate for larger blood vessels.
- You may need to wait about 6 weeks before having an MRA if you have had a stent put in your coronary arteries. This helps decrease the chances of movement of the stent by the magnet used in the MRA.
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5
WebMD Medical Reference from Healthwise
Last Updated: September 09, 2014
This information is not intended to replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise disclaims any liability for the decisions you make based on this information.
© 1995-2015 Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.
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text:
Press Kit
(→Projects: embetter the 5mof entry)
m (→What we do: mv links for concision)
|Line 9:
|Line 9:
Noisebridge is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hackerspace hacker space].
Noisebridge is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hackerspace hacker space].
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacker_%28programmer_subculture%29 Hacker] (
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacker_%28programmer_subculture%29 Hacker](also [http://www.paulgraham.com/gba.html these] [http://www.paulgraham.com/hp.html two] essays.
See our [[:Category:Events|Events]] page for examples of what we do.
See our [[:Category:Events|Events]] page for examples of what we do.
Revision as of 10:30, 24 October 2009
Press contact: press@noisebridge
We are located at 2169 Mission St., San Francisco.
We've gotten press coverage before, take a look.
What we do
Noisebridge is a hacker space.
Hacker, that is, not as in "computer criminal" but as in "people who like making new things and exploring how old ones work". (See also these two essays.)
See our Events page for examples of what we do.
Probably the best time for press to come to the space to meet a lot of people would be during 5 Minutes of Fame, our monthly series of lightning talks. Of course, if any of our other events interest you, you can come to those also.
We ask that you first contact us at the press email above before coming to the space, and identify yourself as a member of the press to anyone you speak to. The easiest way to do this is to ask someone to introduce you to the group at the beginning of an event.
Please note that photography is not allowed in the space without the permission of the people being photographed.
- Mitch Altman, creator of the TV-B-Gone (pics)
- Jacob Appelbaum; Researcher and software developer - for more information visit his Noisebridge user page.
- Andy Isaacson, kernel hacker, software engineer, and sometimes autonomous blimp tinkerer (pics)
- Rachel McConnell (pics)
- David Molnar
- Noah Balmer
- and a cast of dozens...
Here are some projects that our members are involved in:
- 5 Minutes of Fame (video, live and archived streaming) Noisebridge's monthly series of lightning talks on widely diverse subjects
- Brain Machine (details) creates hallucinations and aids meditation by flashing lights and sound with special goggles
- MakerBot lets you create almost anything up to 4"x4"x6" in size out of ABS plastic
- Northpaw Anklet (details) lets the wearer instinctively sense which direction is North
- TV-B-Gone makes it easy to turn of TVs
- Tor anonymity project allows users to use the Internet anonymously by sending traffic through several other computers before its destination


text:
Possible Duplicate:
tags: foobar versus foo-bar?
I was looking at a question tagged [windows2008] and thought it would be more appropriately tagged [windows-server-2008]. A quick check showed that [windows2008] had less than 10 questions associated whereas [windows-server-2008] had several hundred.
Is it safe to assume that where two tags are obviously referring to the same concept the tag with the highest number of associated questions (by a significant margin) is the most appropriate?
Also, is it helpful for me to retag in these cases or am I fixing a non-problem?


text:
603 N. Lamar Blvd Austin, TX 78703 512-472-5050 Open 9AM - 11PM The largest independent bookstore in Texas!
Books On Our Site May Not Be Available In-Store
Is This Book In Stock? Be Savvy! Check availability details beneath the blue "Add to Cart" button.
Start Where You Are: Life Lessons in Getting from Where You Are to Where You Want to Be (Hardcover)
Ever since the story of his transformation from homeless, single and struggling father to millionaire became known the world over, Chris Gardner --whose life story both inspired the movie The Pursuit of Happyness and became a #1 New York Times bestseller by the same name--has been inundated with two questions: "How Did You Do It" and "How Can I Do it Too?" Gardner's power-packed, transformational reply is the basis of this long-anticipated book.
As a departure from standard self-help tomes that promise overnight riches and exclusive secrets for success, Gardner avoids any tilt toward magical thinking by staying with real issues and solutions impacting individuals in all walks of life. If you've had the rug pulled out from under you, or have been dealing with the loss of a home, a job, a health or financial crisis, or simply can't find the motivation to pursue new challenges, Start Where You Are abounds with life lessons that offer hope and provide a road map for starting anew. This is also the book for anyone ready to launch a personal, professional undertaking, or break generational cycles that hem in their potential.
Taking stock of his own credos, including "The Cavalry Ain't Coming," "Find Your Button," and "Seek the Furthest Star"-- Gardner's 44 life lessons are earthy, soulful, and always accessible. With an array of stories from the author's own life, as well as from those he has known or admired, both famous and not, Start Where You Are has arrived just in time to embolden and encourage all of us, even in our era of great global change, reminding us of the infinite resources we already have in our collective pursuit of happyness, and spurring us on in only one direction - forward.
About the Author
Chris Gardner is the chief executive officer of Gardner Rich & Company, a multimillion-dollar brokerage with offices in New York, Chicago, and San Francisco. An avid philanthropist and motivational speaker, Gardner is a recipient of the Father of the Year Award from the National Fatherhood Initiative. He has two children and resides in Chicago and New York.
Mim Eichler Rivas has worked as an author, coauthor, and collaborator on more than eighteen books, including th"e New York Times" bestsellers "The Pursuit of Happyness" with Chris Gardner and "Finding Fish" with Antwone Fisher. She is the coauthor of "Start Where You Are" with Chris Gardner and is the sole author of the highly acclaimed "Beautiful Jim Key", now in the works as a major feature film. Eichler and her family live in Hermosa Beach, California.
Praise For…
"Gardner offers practical advice and pragmatic suggestions for tackling life's problems. . . In 44 'tell-it-like-it-is' chapters. . .Gardner provides a blueprint for navigating tumultuous times."
"This smart and well-written guide includes excellent suggestions for both everyday life and work, with the last sentence summing up Gardner's message: "Accepting responsibility is accepting that your dreams really can come true." The result is hopeful and uplifting.
-Library Journal
"Start Where You Are represents the next phase in Gardner's career, offering hope and sound advice in this tough economic climate. . . .Transformative and inspirational."
"A book that teaches you how to transform the impossible into the possible."
-Sidney Poitier
"Start Where You Are is a must-have, must-read guide to pursuing happiness in changing times. It's not just about surviving as an individual or business in the current economic environment, but about thriving -- personally, collectively, and globally."
-Quincy Jones
"With . . . Start Where You Are, he is encouraging us all to start where we are and dare to make our lives bigger and stronger, more satisfactory, and better. Chris Gardner is a knock out!"
-Maya Angelou


text:
This is not homework; but I am completely lost on how to go about handling this especially for large N
if you want integer solutions, then the primes of the form $4k+3$ dividing $N$ must occur to an even power. To see this you must show that
i) the product of a sum of two squares is a sum of two squares
ii) an odd prime $p$ is the sum of two squares iff $p\equiv1\mod 4$
i) $(a^2+b^2)(c^2+d^2)=(ac-bd)^2+(ad+bc)^2$ (think of the norms of complex numbers)
Me again. An algorithm, claimed to be efficient, for finding solutions can be found here.
Also, a recent ArXiV paper claims (based on the abstract) to generalize H.J.S. Smith's algorithm for the same based on palindromes.
Here are a few possible simplifications of the computational complexity which might help without having to explicitly write $N$ as a product of prime factors. If $N$ is even and $N = x^2 + y^2$ for integers $x$ and $y$, then $\frac{N}{2} = (\frac{x+y}{2})^2 + (\frac{x-y}{2})^2,$ and both these terms are integers, as $x$ and $y$ must have the same parity. On the other hand, if $M$ is an integer with $M = a^2 +b^2$ for integers $a$ and $b,$ then $2M = (a+b)^2 + (a-b)^2.$ Hence if $N$ is even, we can replace $N$ by $\frac{N}{2},$ and the answer to the question " is $N$ a sum of two integer squares" is unchanged, though computationlly easier. Now suppose that $N = LM$ for integers $L$ and $M$ with $1 < L < N.$ If ${\rm gcd}(L , M) = h >1,$ then $N$ is a sum of two integer squares if and only if $\frac{N}{h^2}$ is. If ${\rm gcd}(L,M) = 1,$ then $N$ is a sum of two integer squares if and $L$ and $M$ both are.
Ok, here's my attempt at this. The wikipedia page got better results though :(


text:
Division of Preservation and Access
From colonial times, through the Revolution and Civil War, into the tumultuous 20th century, and right up to the present, wars have shaped the history of our nation in many ways.&
"Agriculture . . . is our wisest pursuit, because it will in the end contribute most to real wealth, good morals and happiness" —Thomas Jefferson
Beginning in 2002, scholars, librarians, and archivists at Indiana University, Bloomington, embarked on a systematic effort to document the Yiddish language as it is spoken in its Eastern European heartland.
2013 was an annus mirabilis for the Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE), a major reference resource widely used by scholars and members of the general public.
The Moravian Archives in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania renovates its storage vault to preserve its diverse collections.
As the holidays approach, our thoughts turn to family and food.
After this year's NDNP Annual Meeting, we asked staff from several of the project's 36 state partners—Missouri, Florida, Texas, and Minnesota—to discuss their experiences.
As the dog days of summer give way to autumn, there's no better place to visit than North Country.
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Foreword – Kevin Sinfield
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The Rugby League Foundation is a superb way to support and develop the Rugby League. It works right at the heart of Rugby League providing assistance to young people so that they can enjoy Rugby League and develop as people. By donating to the Foundation, you will be helping to bring more young people into the sport and providing opportunities for them to experience the amazing things that Rugby League has to offer.
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Occupational Asthma (cont.)
William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR
Dr. Shiel received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from the University of Notre Dame. There he was involved in research in radiation biology and received the Huisking Scholarship. After graduating from St. Louis University School of Medicine, he completed his Internal Medicine residency and Rheumatology fellowship at the University of California, Irvine. He is board-certified in Internal Medicine and Rheumatology.
In this Article
- Occupational asthma facts
- What is occupational asthma?
- What causes occupational asthma?
- What are risk factors for occupational asthma?
- What are symptoms and signs of occupational asthma?
- How is occupational asthma diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for occupational asthma?
- What are complications of occupational asthma?
- Can occupational asthma be prevented?
- Where can a person find more information about occupational asthma?
- Find a local Doctor in your town
What causes occupational asthma?
Occupational asthma is caused by exposure to particular inhaled chemicals in the workplace that cause the airways to become excessively responsive. The likelihood of developing occupational asthma seems to be related to the intensity of the exposure to the causative agent. However, it remains unclear whether the intensity of the exposure, the duration of the exposure, or the combination of the two is most important.
There are numerous agents that can cause occupational asthma. Inhalations of isocyanates, cereal dust, or flour are currently the most common causes of occupational asthma. Agents that cause occupational asthma are usually divided into two different groups: smaller molecules (low molecular weight chemicals), such as isocyanates used in rubber manufacturing, and larger molecules, typically organic substances such as flour. You can find lists of known agents at http://www.hse.gov.uk/asthma/substances.htm.
What are risk factors for occupational asthma?
Occupational asthma should be suspected in any adult with new asthma, but most workers who are exposed to potential asthma-causing agents in the workplace do not go on to develop occupational asthma. The patient's individual characteristics, as well as other factors in the workplace environment play a role in the development of the disease.
One of the main risk factors for occupational asthma is atopy. Atopy is a syndrome characterized by sensitivity to allergens that predisposes an individual to develop occupational asthma. People with atopy often have seasonal allergies or hay fever (allergic rhinitis), chronic inflammation of the nose and sinuses (sinusitis), allergic skin rashes (eczema), and food allergies. People with atopy are not only predisposed to occupational asthma, but they often have non-work-related asthma as well, and their preexisting asthma can be exacerbated by workplace agents (work-aggravated asthma).
Scientists have also discovered specific genes involved with the immune system that may be associated with a person's risk of developing occupational asthma in response to specific agents, such as isocyanates and dust from western red cedar trees. However, these correlations do not appear to be strong enough to warrant a general screening of people for these genes.
An important risk factor for occupational asthma, which fortunately can be eliminated, is cigarette smoking.
If possible, improving ventilation in the workplace may also have a positive impact on the levels of exposures to agents that cause occupational asthma. Although the intensity of exposure is important in the development of occupational asthma, it is less clear if it is the level of agent, duration of exposure, or frequency of exposures that represents the most important factor. Therefore, for most agents, it is difficult to determine what concentration of agent in the air is considered "safe."
Allergies & Asthma
Improve treatments & prevent attacks.


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When I read some of these Winnie the Pooh stories to my kids at night, the place where the story takes place is the Hundred Acre Wood, not Hundred Acre Woods.
Why is that?
When I read some of these Winnie the Pooh stories to my kids at night, the place where the story takes place is the Hundred Acre Wood, not Hundred Acre Woods.
Why is that?
Winnie the Pooh was written by an English author, and thus follows the British English usage that wood is both plural and singular.
Apparently woods is an American construction. In fact, I can't verify that woods is a really a word, but it certainly sounds like one to my American ear.
Wood and woods are interchangeable.
from NOAD
EDIT: According to @HaL, wood is standard in BrE and would have thus been used by A. A. Milne, an English author.
(In AmE, we do indeed often use woods)
This is hard to explain, but I would say, as a British speaker, that 'woods' has the flavour of a mass noun, whereas 'wood' is a count noun. When you're talking about a specific small forest, it's a wood - Hundred Acre Wood, Bricket Wood, St John's Wood, Highgate Wood, South Norwood, Goodwood, etc. But if you're talking about some indeterminate patch of trees, it's woods - you might be lost in the woods, strolling around the woods, not be out of the woods yet, etc. Perhaps it's a wood when seen from the outside, but woods when seen from the inside.
Having said that, where i grew up, we used to play in Wivenhoe Woods. Googling, i do find lots of references to Wivenhoe Wood, but the usage i heard was definitely plural, and that usage also finds attestation on the internet. The nearest big supermarket back then was at Highwoods. Perhaps this is an Essex quirk; it wouldn't be the only one.


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Tag Archives: cuisinart
Cuisinart Is In!
With a reputation of quality, Cuisinart is an incredible brand with a range of appliances, such as coffee grinders and coffee brewers. Coffee Maker Guide shares my enthusiasm for Cuisinart as they believe that "by the name alone, a Cuisinart … Continue reading
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On MOSS 2007 SP2, I have an announcement list that had audience targetting enabled. Users have email alerts set on that list for when new items change. The email displays the tartget audience as a guid - is that normal?
I tried to google for the information, but the closest I could find talks about the problem showing up in the version history.


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While preparing for my introduction to topology course, I've realized that I don't know where to find a detailed proof of the Reidemeister theorem (two link diagrams give isotopic links, iff they can be connected by a sequence of Reidemeister moves). The students in my class are not really very advanced and I'm not sure all of them would be able to reconstruct all the details of the proof given in Burde and Zieschang's Knot theory or in other sources I know of. And, being a lazy man, I would like to avoid having to type a detailed proof with pictures when I can refer the students to a book. So does anybody know of a source which would have a proof with all details spelled out?
I taught knot theory last semester and ran into the same problem. I looked in every book I could get my hands on, and could not find an undergraduate level proof. In the end, I wrote up my own notes (which I would be happy to scan when I get back into the office). The key ideas for the case-by-case analysis are in the book "Knots, links, braids, and 3-manifolds" by Prasolov and Sosinsky. I also found Louis Kauffman's book "On knots" to be helpful. There are two lemmas I could not find anywhere: (1) the general position argument, which says that there is a nice projection and (2) the argument which says that you can find a general projection so that the associated diagram is equivalent to the original diagram (most books skip this issue). The point of the second lemma is that it is not enough to show that there exist two projections that differ by Reidemeister moves, rather, you want to show that the two given diagrams differ by Reidemeister moves.
Reidemeister's proof involves a single move: replacing 2 (or 1) edges of a triangle with the other edge (edges). It is in the English translation of his book.
I don't know if you can ferret out the details of our first movie move theorem in JKTR, or even the CRS version, but when we did those, I felt that we had addressed the general position issues that Dan mentions.
Kunio Murasugi's Knot Theory and its Applications contains what you are looking for, I believe. I taught the proof of Reidemeister's theorem as part of a short course on knot theory, from that book. Definitely suitable for undergraduates.
If you are willing to take a difficult theorem of Moise for granted (which proves equivalence of link isotopy in the smooth (tame) and PL category, in his "Affine Structures in 3 Manifolds VIII"), there is a concise proof in the book "Knot Theory" by Manturov.
Messer and Straffin's book "Topology Now!" provides most of the steps starting from their definition of a knot (able to decomposed into a finite number of linear segments), building up the ideas of general position and triangular moves, and then proving the Reidemeister moves. I say "most of" because some of the steps are left as exercises. The material is very accessible to undergraduates.


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I'm thinking of creating a site where users are allowed to upload content that can then be purchased by other users. My question is how do I protect against someone uploading something that isn't theirs? Do I have to do that with a team of people or are there methods that can be implemented to protect against this. How does Youtube know that someone has uploaded something that violates a copyright?
This depends a lot on your local copyright (and other) laws, but generally it should be sufficient to ensure that you:
If you and your site are located in the U.S., there's a particular set of requirements laid out in the Digital Millennium Copyright Act that, if followed, qualify you for DMCA Safe Harbor protection. These requirements are broadly similar to the general rules above, but do include a number of specific details that you need to be aware of and comply with. Other jurisdictions may have similar laws, or may simply rely on general legal principles such as intentionality and due care to determine whether or not a service provider might be considered liable for infringement initiated by users.
All that said, the first thing you should do, before embarking on a project where you're concerned about the risk of legal liability, is consult a lawyer. I'm not one, and this post is not legal advice.


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OKLAHOMA CITY (AP) - Members of an Oklahoma House panel have approved legislation that would grant "personhood" status to human embryos.
The Oklahoma House's Public Health Committee voted 7-4 for the Senate-passed measure Tuesday and sent it to the full House.
The bill provides embryos and fetuses "all the rights, privileges and immunities" of other citizens. Supporters say it's modeled after a 1986 Missouri law that the U.S. Supreme Court has said is constitutional.
Abortion-rights supporters oppose the measure and say government should not interfere in the lives of its citizens.
The Oklahoma State Medical Association says the bill could affect reproductive medicine and ban certain forms of birth control.
A petition drive is under way to put a similar measure on the November ballot. At least 22 states are pushing personhood measures.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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Sarah Silverman's dad debates use of term JAPs
Does it give Jewish girls a bad name? Does it promote anti-Semitism? Sarah Silverman's father and author Donald Silverman joined HuffPost Live's Mike Sacks to discuss the meaning of the contested term.
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Norbert's Home Décor
Norbert's Home Décor in Nashville, TN carries unique furniture and accessories. For the past 19 years, we've been providing Middle Tennessee with outstanding items needed to decorate your home, truly a Decorator's Paradise.
Whether you're looking for bar stools or something out of the ordinary, we have new shipments arriving weekly and new merchandise in the store daily.
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I'll Fly Away: Further Testimonies from the Women of York Prison (Paperback)
For several years, Wally Lamb, the author of two of the most beloved novels of our time, has run a writing workshop at the York Correctional Institution, Connecticut's only maximum-security prison for women. Writing, Lamb discovered, was a way for these women to face their fears and failures and begin to imagine better lives. Couldn't Keep It to Myself, a collection of their essays, was published in 2003 to great critical acclaim. With I'll Fly Away, Lamb offers readers a new volume of intimate pieces from the York workshop. Startling, heartbreaking, and inspiring, these stories are as varied as the individuals who wrote them, but each illuminates an important core truth: that a life can be altered through self-awareness and the power of the written word.
About the Author
Wally Lamb is the author of four previous novels, including the New York Times and national bestseller The Hour I First Believed and Wishin' and Hopin', a bestselling novella. His first two works of fiction, She's Come Undone and I Know This Much Is True, were both number-one New York Times bestsellers and Oprah's Book Club selections. He lives in Connecticut with his wife, Christine. The Lambs are the parents of three sons.
Praise For…
"Lamb . . . continues to offer readers an intimate look at women struggling to maintain their humanity."
"Inspiring and raw…They write from the heart…each vignette is more compelling than the one before it."
-Library Journal
"Accomplished…Each story, no matter how grim or gritty, shows polish."
-Kirkus Reviews


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'Good leaders are passionate about their work. Through their styles differ, there are many common elements - strong beliefs, integrity, good people skills, thirst for knowledge, and willingness to learn. High energy helps too!' --Cahn Fellow Principal
'Leadership is not so much about the duties you perform as it is about the people you serve.' --Cahn Fellow Principal


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In determining the monotonicity of coefficients in a series expansion (which appeared in one of my study), I come across the following problem.
Let $p\ge 2$ be an integer, and $$6p^3(i+3)d_{i+3}=6p^2(i+2+p)d_{i+2}+3p(p-1)(i+1+2p)d_{i+1}+(p-1)(2p-1)(i+3p)d_i,~~i\ge0$$ with $d_0=d_1=d_2=1$. How to show $d_i>d_{i+1}$ for all $i\ge3$?
By easy calculation, $d_3=1, d_4=\frac{18p^3+11p^2-6p+1}{24p^3}$. For a recursion of 2 or 3 terms, it is easy to proceed with induction, but what about 4 terms in this case?


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Consider, for the sake of simplicity, a circle $C$ centered at he origin with radius $a$. Let $F=(h,k)$ be a point not necessarily inside the circle. Let $M=(a\cos\theta,a\sin\theta)$ be a point in the circle, and $L$ the line that pases through $M$ and $F$. Let $L_1$ be the line passing through the midpoint of $MO$ where $O$ is the origin, perpendicular to $MO$. Then the curve sought is the locus of points of the point of intersection of $L$ and $L_1$.
You can check that these two lines can be written as
$$y = - \frac{1}{{\tan (t)}}\left( {x - \frac{{a\cos \left( t \right)}}{2}} \right) + \frac{{a{\text{ }}\sin (t)}}{2}{\text{ }}$$
$$y = \frac{{a\sin (t) - k}}{{a\cos (t) - h}}{\text{ }}(x - h){\text{ }} + k$$
This, what we want to is express $x$ and $y$ in terms of $t$ and the curve will be $(x(t),y(t))$. Now, although the plotting soft produces the right curves, I have failed $4$ times already to solve for $x$ and $y$. I am getting
$$x(t) = \frac{{2a\cot t\cos t + 2a\sin t + {\text{2}}f\left( t \right)h - 2k}}{{{\text{ 2}}f\left( t \right) + 2\cot t }}{\text{ }}$$
where $${\text{ }}\frac{{a\sin (t) - k}}{{a\cos (t) - h}} = f\left( t \right)$$
but this fails to give the correct parametrization.
Could you help to find a closed expression in terms of $t$ and verify it is correct?
These are pics of the curves generated. If the focus is inside the cirlce of radius $a/2$ we get a deformed circle, if it is in the half outside, we get a closed intersecting curve, if it is exaclty on the circle we get the Foluim of Descartes/Trisectrix of Maclaurin, if it is right in the origin, another circle, if it is exactly halfway, a cardioid, and if it is outside the circle, a distorted Foluim of Descartes/Trisectrix of Maclaurin with a part of an hiperbola.


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The Foolishness of Idolatry
Every form of idolatry manifests our doubts that God really has the ability to save. Counselors have long understood, for instance, that one of the main reasons people become drug, alcohol, and sex addicts is because they are looking for ...Read More
The Holiness of Christ
When we trust in Jesus, we are His holy people by God's decree, and, over time, we become holy in our experience as we put sin to death and grow in likeness to Christ. In Jesus, we have a twofold ...Read More
Glorifying God in Worship
In worship, we may say all the right things in our liturgies, but if our hearts are not in it, the Lord is displeased with our offering of praise. Similarly, our hearts may be fully into worshiping God, but if ...Read More
The Sixth Petition
Today's study is based on question and answer 127 of the Heidelberg Catechism, which reminds us that the world, the flesh, and the Devil "never stop attacking us." Until we are glorified, there is no point at which we can ...Read More
Serving God in the Here and Now
If our primary concern in life is to change our present situation, then we will have little room to serve God wherever we are. It is not inherently wrong to seek a change in circumstances, and, indeed, a change may ...Read More
Depending on the Lord
Christian growth comes as we learn more and more what it means to depend absolutely on God. Our Lord, since He is a jealous God, will not put up with His people not depending fully on Him. Thus, He will ...Read More
How to Pray
Martin Luther's advice on prayer is found in the handy booklet titled A Simple Way to Pray. Many people, including Dr. Sproul, have found this work to be very helpful for their prayer lives, but even if you do not ...Read More
Pressing on to the Mark
Christians make true progress in their fight against sin over the course of their Christian lives. Yet, we continue to discover new sins we never saw before until we die, and our sin-clouded minds need help in knowing the Lord's ...Read More
An Attitude of Contentment
Western culture does everything it can to stoke the fires of discontentment. Politicians pander to class envy. Advertisers depict products in a way that makes us think we must own them if life is to be worthwhile. Hollywood tells us ...Read More
The Tenth Commandment
Sometimes it can be hard to differentiate covetousness from legitimate desire. But there are things for which we can be on the lookout. Envy of another's position likely indicates that one is coveting it. Obsession with a particular good to ...Read More


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- adjustable handle height (from 78-106cm / 31-42" high)
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- complete with bottle holder
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Winsted's Marchi will play football for Temple
Temple University was the first school to actually offer quarterback Logan Marchi a scholarship last year.
When Temple head coach Matt Rhule came calling again, Marchi didn't hesitate. The former St. Paul High standout and current Gilbert School senior made a verbal commitment after attending a camp at the Philadelphia school Tuesday.
The 6-foot-1,187-pound Winsted resident initially accepted a scholarship to play at UConn, but before the national signing day last February, UConn denied his application and he was free to choose another school.
Because Temple has fulfilled its scholarships for the 2014 season, Marchi will enroll as a student in January 2015.
"It feels great to be somewhere where I am wanted," said Marchi, 18. "The coach (Rhule) has wanted me two years in a row. He said he was getting a steal and saw something special in me, and that was music to my ears. When Coach Rhule made the offer to me, I ran it through my mind, but it didn't hit me until I got home. I'm just grateful. It's a big relief."
At Temple's camp, the coaches put Marchi through a dozen or so drills and told him they liked his arm strength and mobility.
"I feel my (physical) shape is the best ever," he said. "I've put on good weight, about 10 to 15 pounds, and my 40 time dropped to 4.68."
A four-year starter at St. Paul, Marchi threw for 3,220 yards and 38 touchdowns in 2013 for St. Paul and compiled 9,702 yards and 112 touchdowns for his career. As a sophomore, Marchi tossed for 2,419 yards and 26 TDs, followed by 2,935 yards and 38 TDs as a junior. Midway through his freshman year, Marchi earned the starting spot and passed for 1,128 yards and 10 TDs.
After quarterbacking St. Paul in the fall, he left the school and spent the second semester at Gilbert.
Reach Mark Jaffee at email@example.com or on Twitter@TheRealJaffman.
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13 Old-Timey Photos That Prove History Was Haunted
#6. He Had the Worst Babysitter in History
This is what Hitler's stork delivery must have looked like.
Damn, being a kid back in the day sucked. This is staged, obviously, but the look of terror on the baby's face -- that's not something you can fake with trick photography. So he wasn't stolen by a large bird, but we're not sure how "irreparably traumatized by a film crew" is any better.
This is a still from Rescued from an Eagle's Nest, a 1908 short film best known for starring future director and racist D.W. Griffith as "Lumberjack who neglects bird-snatched baby." However, given the lack of special effects in those days, it wouldn't surprise us if the director just left a baby near some eagles, grabbed his camera and a bottle of moonshine, and waited.
#5. We Had No Idea David Blaine Was Around in the 1930s ...
That's a medium from the 1930s by the name of Colin Evans who's in the middle of either a seance or a very elaborate seminar on autoerotic asphyxiation. The photo was published in the Daily Mirror in 1938, and it's still making the rounds today as evidence that human levitation is possible, because how else do you explain this freaky shit?
It's hard for a psychic to look dignified when his "I'm levitating" face is also his "I'm pooping" face.
Other than "He jumped off a chair," of course, which is exactly what he did.
The trick is to sit on a very sharp nail.
Evans claimed that he could only levitate in total darkness, mainly so that no one would see him get on the chair, jump off and trigger the camera's flash with the string you can see in his left hand. Before you make fun of how gullible people from the '30s were for falling for this silly bullshit, consider the fact that Criss Angel probably owns a yacht.
#4. The Fifth Horseman of the Apocalypse
We didn't know they had jousting matches in hell.
This guy is about to either fight some zombies or explore an irradiated wasteland, and somehow, you get the feeling that there isn't a human face under that mask. If that is a mask.
He's actually a German soldier in World War I, back when the transition from horse to tank still wasn't fully complete. However, while we have to question the effectiveness of using a lance to take on machine guns, the psychological effect of charging the enemy with a sharp stick in a gas mask from atop a black steed can't be underestimated.
#3. And You Thought Going to Disney Now Was a Nightmare
It takes the shape of whatever your children love the most, and makes you watch as it devours them.
These are real Disneyland costumes from back when they spent less money on making the characters look accurate and more on porn dungeons. Mickey here looks like big chunks of flesh have been ripped off his face, presumably after catching Pluto on a bad day, and Minnie's tragic expression indicates that the domestic situation at the Mouse household wasn't all that great back then.
Is that a cigarette burn on her face? Mickey, you bastard.
#2. House of Wax Was a True Story
It turns out that melted wax figures look almost as disturbing as melted people. This photo shows the aftermath of a fire in Madame Tussaud's London museum in 1930, which had to be before they stopped granting sentience to each mannequin, because these wax figures are clearly suffering. The men are in various stages of mourning the loss of their hands ...
Denial, acceptance and "AAAAHHH, WHAT THE FUCK?!"
The woman on the left is still reliving the moment that the flames went up ...
... and the woman sitting down has seen things, man.
That, or she's about to puke up a fifth of SoCo.
Then there's the decapitated body about to poop on his own head, plus his friend's. Tragic. Just tragic.
"Awww, come on."
#1. All That's Missing Is the Tentacle Rape
No, that's not Krang from the Ninja Turtles -- that's what passed for an anatomy lesson in old-timey Japan.
Even in the old days, Japan was weirder than the West. They took one look at those dissected babies we showed you earlier and said, "Eh, we could make the study of anatomy way more disgusting than that." These drawings were directly copied from the corpses of the decapitated criminals that Japanese medics would perform anatomy studies on. This might explain why the artists decided to capture the agonizing pain of their deaths in morbid detail. Sometimes it's like the look of shock on their faces from those moments before the decapitation still persists.
"Heeey, what's that katana for?"
And other times, it's like they find the whole situation terribly droll.
"Oh man, I have such a headache."
You can read more from Mark at Zug and McSweeney's Internet Tendency. Or check out his personal website.
For more reasons to nuke the past, check out 7 Terrifying Prehistoric Creatures (That Are Still Around) and 15 Old Photographs That Prove the World Used to Be Insane.
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Concord Monitor concerned weak president will mean cuts to government spending after midterm putsch
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