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I would like to know how the OS works in a nutshell:
- The basic components it's built upon
- How those components work together
- What makes unix UNIX
- What makes it so different from other OSs like Windows
I would like to know how the OS works in a nutshell:
closed as too broad by Braiam, jasonwryan, cuonglm, Ramesh, Ulrich Dangel Jul 2 '14 at 4:47
There are either too many possible answers, or good answers would be too long for this format. Please add details to narrow the answer set or to isolate an issue that can be answered in a few paragraphs.If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
A UNIX system consists of several parts, or layers as I'd like to call them.
To start a system, a program called the boot loader lives at the first sector of a hard disk partition. It is started by the system, and in turn it locates the Operating System kernel, and load it.
Any service or event will go from the bottom all up to the top.
Libraries - the common platform
Programs do a lot of common things like displaying a window, drawing stuff at the screen or downloading a file. These things are the same for multiple programs, hence that code are put in separate "library" files (
For every imaginable thing, there is a library. There is one for reading/writing PNG files. There is one for JPEG files, for reading XML, for encryption, for video playback, and so on.
On Linux, the common libraries for application developers are Qt and Gtk. These libraries use lower-level libraries internally for their specific needs, while exposing their functionality in a nice consistent and concise way for application developers to create applications even faster.
Libraries provide the application platform, on which programmers can build end user applications for an Operating System. The more high quality libraries a system provides, the fewer code a programmer has to write to make a beautiful program.
Some libraries can be used across different operating systems (for instance, Qt is), some are really specifically tied into one operating system. This will restrict your program to be able to run at that platform only.
Inter process communication
A third corner piece of an operating system, is the way programs can communicate with each other. These are Inter Process Communication (IPC) machanisms. These exist in several flavors, e.g. a piece of shared memory, or a small channel is set up between two programs to exchange data. There is also a central message bus on which each program can post a message, and receive a response. This is used for global communication, where it's unknown which program can respond.
From libraries to Operating Systems
With libraries, IPC and the kernel in place, programmers can build all kinds of applications for system services, user administration, configuration, administration, office work, entertainment, etc.. This forms the complete suite which novice users recognize as the "operating system".
In UNIX/Linux systems, all services are just programs. All system admin tools are just programs. They all do their job, and they can be chained together. I've summarized a lot of major programs at http://codingdomain.com/linux/sysadmin/
Distinguishable parts with Windows
UNIX is mainly a system of programs, files and restricted permissions. A lot of complexities are avoided, making it a powerful system while it looks like it has an easy job doing it.
In detail, these are principles which can be found across UNIX/Linux systems:
UNIX is a strong OS, build on a sound design that has proven successful for more than 40 years (that's almost eternity in computer science). The central technology is based on the C language and a myriad of small programs: the UNIX commands. The basic philosophy has been summarized by McIlroy:
More on the UNIX philosophy can be found in E.S.Raymond "The Art of UNIX Programming".
There are some excellent answers here. However, one thing I think has been left out is how *nix differs from other operating systems, particularly Microsoft Windows.
The fundamental concept already covered above "do one thing, do it well" is so central to *nix operating systems that it can sometimes be overlooked. Yet it is this design philosophy that makes Linux so flexible and powerful.
For instance, the Graphics User Interface (GUI) for MS Windows is intertwined in the OS. It is virtually impossible to install an MS operating system without the GUI. In Linux, you can easily bring up a server or embedded system that has no graphic component at all. It can be entirely command line driven and still be a full featured server.
The modular design of Linux also allows a system administrator to bring down a service, upgrade it and bring it back up without rebooting the operating system. In fact about the only time you must reboot a Linux operating system is when the kernel itself is being modified or upgraded.
For example, you could install a new windows manager (gnome, kde, whichever) on Linux and a user currently logged in to the system might never be aware.
On Windows, often the simplest changes to the system require a reboot, although sometimes this is more of a safety issue than an actual technical requirement. I would submit that this is one of the basic flaws of the MS operating systems. On Linux you could upgrade many of the driver modules and have little or not impact on the users. On Windows you might be required to reboot the entire box if you simply install a new application.
This modular design also gives Linux extraordinary flexibility. Each Linux system can be tailored for the specific task you need to accomplish, with as little resource overhead as possible. With Windows you cannot turn off the GUI interface to run a simple HTTP server. There is a memory footprint that Windows assumes which creates a barrier below which your hardware cannot go. This is a primary reason that Linux has become the OS of choice for many mobile and embedded applications.
I could go on and on, but I hope these examples help to explain why Linux has become so popular, and how it really differs from that other OS.
"Design of the UNIX Operating System" would be good book to read.
I would recommend reading Advanced Programming in a Unix Environment 2e to learn a lot about the Single Unix Standard (SUS) API and POSIX, which will give you an idea about what makes Unix Unix and how the components work, and work together.
However, it's a very C heavy book and more of a reference manual. If you have a problem with insomnia just take it to bed with you. That aside if you are a Unix C programmer it's a must have.
In the spirit of the previous two book recommendations I would also recommend
The LINUX Programming Interface by M. Kerrisk
which, albeit targeting the topic of UNIX/Linux system programming, reveals tons of detailed information about how Linux and more generally UNIX systems work from the programmer/user's perspective. It delves in great detail into most of the bullets mentioned in vdboor's answer and reveals enough detail in an understandable and readable manner to get a feel / picture of the fundamental UNIX concepts and their underpinnings.


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My Interviews at Ubuntu Live, Day 1
By barton808 on Aug 01, 2007
As I mentioned a few entries ago, the studio at Sun armed me with a Flash mic before I left for Portland. The idea was for me to try and conduct some guerrilla style interviews at Ubuntu Live and OSCON. I had no idea what I would come away with but Im quite psyched to say that in three days I taped 18 interviews.
I tried to capture a representative sample of the Free and Open Source Software community, or at least those folks who were actually willing to talk to me. I got CEOs, pundits, a kernel developer, a package maintainer, foundation folks, an actual user of Ubuntu on servers, someone from Microsoft and even trotted out my rusty Japanese for an interview in Nihongo with Horiguchi-san from Hitachi America and big a Ubuntu fan.
Here are the first six interviews which I taped on day one at Ubuntu live.
Here I am interviewing Mark (I lost the dorky headphones after this)
1) Mark Shuttleworth CEO, Canonical Inc, Ubuntu founder Listen (5:21)
- Topics: A conversation with Mark right after the first set of keynotes on the first day of Ubuntu Live (a Sunday morning no less!) We talk about the show, the new freedom flavor of Ubuntu (Gobuntu), Benjamin Mako Hill's appointment to the FSF board, Mark's travels to the east and what he's seeing there as well as his favorite food when he's in China.
- Topics: What a kernel developer does, where Tim gets his source, how he gets his changes back into the Linux kernel as well as what Tim is working on right now that he's most psyched about.
- Topics: How it was putting together Ubuntu's first O'Reilly event; Canonical's worldwide strategy meeting in Eugene; sprints and Jane's goals for the event.
- Topics: Daniel was a tremendous help when Sun was packaging our apps for Ubuntu's Feisty Faun release. I chat with Daniel about the process from a package maintainer's point of view as well as I learn about MOTU's and how to become one. Daniel also lets us know where he likes to hang out when he's home in Berlin.
- Topics: How Redmonk got into the Free and Open source game (both as their area of focus as well as what they use to run their business on). We discuss Stephen's keynote "where Ubuntu can go next" -- how the distro can build on the great success its had, move on beyond apt-get and how the online desktop plays in; Mark Shuttleworth's mark on the GNU/Linux world.
- Topics: How the first 9 months of the job have been, whats a community manager do and how does it feel to be stuck in the middle between the Ubuntu community and Canonical. We also chat about the history of LUG radio and why its more than simply 4 loud Englishmen shouting and swearing. And finally, if ever anyone finds themselves in Wolverhampton, what should one do for fun.
Be sure and tune in next time for the next six interviews from Ubuntu Live.
Endnote: The above files are in mp3 (thanks Patrick), you can grab the ogg versions here. I would also like to give an endorsement for the Levelator, which Simon turned me on to. It was absolutely brain dead easy to use and it basically normalizes volume, and cleans up the file for you. And its Free as in Beer and Free as in Freedom.

subset: commoncrawl


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Monoprice 8320 - Enhanced Bass Hi-Fi Noise Isolating Earphones for $5.69
The extremely well received 8320 are on sale.
These practically outdo everything else in the sub-$20 range and holds their own in sound quality against ones that sell with triple-digit price tags.
They're even cheaper if you want them in quantity.
8 Comments add a comment
I bought 2 pairs of these when they were $7.11 and I can vouch that they're way better than many $30-40 earbuds I've owned in the past. The tips do kind of suck though, so I'd recommend replacing them with something better (I've got the Comply TX-400 which are highly recommended in the Head-Fi forums, but you can follow OP's link to said forums for other suggestions)
Lifehacker recommended them as "the best earbuds you'll find under $10": http://lifehacker.com/5927570/the-monoprice-8320s-are-the-best-earbuds-youll-find-under-10
Better price in bulk is nice, as once you add shipping to an order of one it's about the same as Amazon's price.
Worth a try,I'm in for three.
Three pair for 18.00. That's not bad at all. I hope they were worth it.
These fit in your ear a really strange way, the cord comes out the top but it isn't designed to go over your ear. It just hangs down the side of your face. I prefer iem's that have the cord going up, over, and behind the ear. It keeps them from getting tugged out and cuts down on cable micro-phonics. My MEElectronics M6's were less than 10 bucks on another deal website and I couldn't be happier with them for low priced earphones.
Now that I look at them some more, they are so cheap I think I'm going to just buy a pair to mod them. I'll open them up and switch around the cable support to face upward.
Mine arrived and they really have great sound but need more bass, so I will be looking for replacement earpieces.
I own 2 pair and here's what I found.
1. Bass is a bit lacking & mushy
2. Cheesy cable probably won't last long
3. They feel a bit cumbersome in the ear
4 Only one set of ear cushions and they are on the small side


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Is there a keyboard shortcut I can use to make a window occupy the left or right half of the screen? I'm using a modified version of Ubuntu. On Mac I just use Divvy but I'm not sure if there is a Linux tool to do the same thing.
If you install Compiz Config Settings Manager with:
You can then enable this functionality with Grid mode. Go to
Systems > Preferences > CompizConfig Settings Manager
and scroll down to Window Management. Then check Grid mode and, once you open the options for that mode, choose keybindings for
If you are the kind of guy who likes to partition your screen up into increments like full screen and half screen using keyboard shortcuts, you might consider using a different window manager entirely. I don't think there is any reason you have to stay with the whole Gnome/Metacity/Compiz scene.
There are a plethora of Window Managers available for Linux that have different philosophies about how they handle windows. Personally I am sold on using framework or tiling window layouts rather than the traditional floating model. There are several WM's that support mix-modes as well. I use
I think the amount of screen space these WM's provide and the time they save you fiddling with your windows is well worth the effort to set them up to your liking.
Just use a shortcut app to create shortcuts for this script..
Example calls:
The best documentaton/examples I've found for
As stated earlier you can use compizconfig-settings-manager and if so you need the compiz-fusion-plugins-extra if it is not ready installed with the compizconfig-settings-manager package and if you have installed that plugin aswell you might need to activate it in:
Preferences -> Plugin List
And then you should be all set.


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GoingOutGuide Bars+%26+Clubs
Subscribe: Home Delivery | Digital
A&D fitting into the neighborhood
By Fritz Hahn
Friday, January 11, 2013
You might get a sense of deja vu walking into A&D Neighborhood Bar.
The space is long and narrow with exposed brick, antique light fixtures dangling from a pressed tin ceiling and menus scrawled on chalkboards. Cocktails are twists on dirty martinis, Old Fashioneds and eggnog but created with house-made ingredients and local spirits. The eats are playful takes on old-school bar food: poutine made with potato chips instead of French fries and a pickled egg with a kick from jalapeno. If you're wondering about recent bar trends, A&D distills them all into a single space.
And then there's the name. In recent years, more bars are claiming to be "neighborhood" places to signal a casual atmosphere with lower price points and to tempt nearby residents into becoming regulars.
But in an area of Shaw that has been considered up-and-coming for years and is still waiting for its promised rush of taverns and restaurants, A&D really is a neighborhood spot. And more important, it's good.
You might expect that when A&D's owners also run the Sundevich sandwich shop and the boutique Seasonal Pantry grocery shop next door. As a result, A&D is a place to snack as well as sip, even though the food is prepared at a hot-plate station at the far end of the bar. That poutine -- kernel-size pieces of blue cheese and bacon under a creamy white curry atop a nest of chips -- doesn't come in a serving large enough to share, so pair it with, say, the chow cheddar, where chow chow -- a pickled pepper relish -- and cheddar cheese are blended into something resembling a rocky beer cheese to spread on crostini. Or, split it and then go for a larger item, such as the decadent and imposing reuben, which is made with beef tongue instead of pastrami and topped with zippy house kraut and dressing.
My favorite new cocktail is the A&D, which mixes D.C.'s own Green Hat gin, Belvedere vodka and a "Housemade Dirty" blend made from the juices of olives, cornichons and onions pickled in-house. (There's a marvelous synergy on the menu: The cornichons are used in Sundevich's Russian salad and also sold individually.)
The result is a wonderously savory dirty martini with a beguiling mix of tang, tart and a little sweetness. You can taste a bit of coriander, juniper and garlic all playing with the botanicals in the gin. The garnish is a spike of an olive, cornichon and onion. If you can wait until after the drink to consume them, you have more willpower than I do.
The other eight drinks on the menu are equally funky, but they achieve varying degrees of success. Winter Julep trades the lime and fizz of the summer classic for maple syrup richness and spicy Catoctin Creek rye whiskey. The eggnog is spiked with a vanilla-bean-infused rum and smooth coconut milk, and La Sancha de D.C. mixes pomegranate liqueur and tequila with a habanero syrup to create a drink that is by turns sweet and fiery.
Add some judicious but predictable beer choices from DC Brau, Dogfish Head and Great Lakes on the four taps and dozen cans, and you have a solid if not exactly cheap bar. Cocktails are $12, except for the eggnog, which is $5. Beers are predominantly $6 or $7.
Service is jocular even on weekends, and bartenders are happy to pause and offer recommendations about the cocktails and food.
And when A&D's barstools and high tables fill up, all is not lost. On my first visit, I noticed a wooden sign that says "Outhouse" over a door in the back of the room, and I assumed it led to the bathrooms. Instead, it's the entry to a larger dining room with more tables for groups of friends and neighbors.


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Mosi Secret
Recent and archived news articles by Mosi Secret of The New York Times.
How Flaco Navaja, Poet, Singer and Actor, Spends His Sunday
Mr. Navaja, a Bronx-born artist, often performs on the city's stages, but the weekend is for church, spending time with his wife and playing host at La Marqueta Retoña, which celebrates Latin culture in East Harlem.
October 18, 2015, Sunday
How John Hatfield, Executive Director of Socrates Sculpture Park, Spends His Sundays
John Hatfield, the executive director of Socrates Sculpture Park in Queens, has made a pre-emptive strike on empty-nest syndrome: He and his wife got a puppy.
August 16, 2015, Sunday
MORE ON: Hatfield, John , Socrates Sculpture Park , TriBeCa (Manhattan, NY) , Queens (NYC)
Chefs Club Draws Out-of-Town Crowd Downtown
New Yorkers may not consider Chefs Club by Food & Wine one of the city's best restaurants, but it earns raves on TripAdvisor.
July 5, 2015, Sunday
The Story of New York's First Black Police Officer, Told With the Help of Langston Hughes
The story of Samuel J. Battle, the first black officer in the New York Police Department, is being told in a new book by Arthur Browne, a veteran newspaper reporter and editor.
June 28, 2015, Sunday
Drawn to Estela but Not by a '50 Best' List
Estela, in NoLIta, made the new rankings of the World's 50 Best Restaurants, at No. 90, but Pinterest and MindShare employees ate there because they'd "heard it was good for groups."
June 7, 2015, Sunday
MORE ON: Restaurants , New York City , Estela (Manhattan, NY, Restaurant)
Meth Finds a New Market in New York
The popularity of the powerful drug, associated with sex parties, has spread from affluent gay white men to black and Hispanic gay men.
June 7, 2015, Sunday
Strange, Beloved, Local, Endangered: Five Years of the Neighborhood Joint
In a city of change, some small, beloved local establishments, like an ices stand in Queens and a place to buy octopus in Brooklyn, endure.
May 24, 2015, Sunday
MORE ON: Restaurants , Polish-Americans , Barbers and Barbering , Ice Cream and Frozen Desserts , Lindenwood Diner (Brooklyn, NY, Restaurant) , New York City , Captain Mike's Diving Services (Bronx, NY, Retailer) , Alan's Alley Video (Manhattan, NY, Retailer) , Jubilat Provisions (Brooklyn, NY, Retailer) , Hair Box (Manhattan, NY) , Lemon Ice King of Corona (Queens, NY, Retailer) , Shopping and Retail , Diners (Eating Places) , Diving and Divers
Sustenance From the Scrap Heap
WastED, a monthlong pop-up at Blue Hill Restaurant with the idea to create high cuisine out of what is usually discarded and to highlight the dishes during a monthlong pop-up at his restaurant in the Village.
March 29, 2015, Sunday
Catching Up at Upholstery Store, the Bar That Got Itself a Kitchen
Upholstery Store: Food and Wine, which recently reopened in the West Village after a year of renovations, "always wanted to do something with oysters and with fish," one of its owners said.
February 15, 2015, Sunday
Shooting in Brooklyn Kills Boy, 15, and Wounds Man
A 20-year-old was in stable condition after being shot in the torso, and the police were searching for three people who fled the scene in the Flatlands neighborhood.
January 12, 2015, Monday
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40% off One Regular Priced Item
coupon code: 6HOURS
Use code 6HOURS at checkout. Valid today only, 10/10, from 3 - 9PM EST.
14 Comments add a comment
Still comes out to 50 bucks for a pair of jeans so its not really that great...
Wow. Levis got expensive.
Thank you, Kohls.
I want to know where they get off charging $198 for a pair of 501s just because they're made in the USA (the outsourced ones are only $48). What a ripoff!!!
Boo. How did this get 25 likes (at the time I posted this message)?
Insane prices! I've always loved my Levi's, but I'll be shopping on ebay. What a joke!
It's not just regular-priced things. I just tried with a pair of clearance jeans and it worked. Woot FTW!
the american consumer had a choice and still does to a smaller degree, and government had a choice to give more incentives to stay not leave, and corporations had responsibility to citizens to stay. not to mention that in my state, Ohio, minimum wage was raised by voter referendum---not in congress by republicans or democrats (and i know in several other states too).
anyhow, why is woot becoming a political forum? haha. everyone's so charged up about the election season eh?
@johnnys13: If you think minimum wage is "out of control", try working a job that only pays minimum wage and see what you think of it. Then remember that for some people that is the only job they qualify for right now (and that there are just not many job openings in this country right now).
On top of that, our "out of control" minimum wage is - compared to cost-of-living - one of (or perhaps alone as) the lowest in the industrialized world.
I'm tempted to order a pair, but I don't know how far off the fit will be this time. A while back I purchased two pairs of the same style and same size. The only difference between the two pair was the color - or so I thought. I tried them on and one pair nearly fell off it was cut so poorly. Then I tried the other pair on and could barely close the button or fit my hand in the pocket to put in my keys.
I checked the label and realized one pair was made in southeast Asia, the other in South America. I really miss when Levi's were made in the USA and had consistent sizing.
I get my made in China jeans for 10 bucks. I pay my own bills, I don't need to pay 200 bucks for jeans to pay someone elses as well.
every pair of jeans even with the discount is more expensive than zappos.com...for THE SAME BRAND (compare the levi's 511s, for instance)
Wow. As a teenager, I remember buying Levis at the Navy Exchange for like $12 a pair, but that was way before comfort stretch denim and those suckers were so stiff you could bounce quarters off of them. I feel so old.
@lparsons42: Don't feed the trolls.


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Sunday, August 29, 2010
Gluten Free Empanadas Dough
Empanadas dough from Julia and Julieta on Vimeo.
Empanadas are a traditional dish from Argentina. They are also big in other countries in South America, with slightly variations.
Today we'll show you how to make traditional beef empanadas, with gluten free dough (quite an adventure…!).
Now, we tested a few recipes, and not all of them worked out great. So here goes the one that worked best. In the video you'll learn proper preparation, but we think that the following recipe makes a better dough (the one in the video came out a little dry).
Gluten Free Empanada Dough:
2 cups gluten free flour mix
1 teaspoon xanthan gum
1 stick of butter
3/4 cup of water
The best way to make a perfect dough is to use a food processor and work as fast as you can. You want to avoid the butter to get warm and to change the texture of your dough. If you work the dough and get your butter warm, your dough will get greasy and shapeless. A big disaster!
But very easy to avoid.
Make sure you keep the butter in the fridge until the very last minute. Get iced cold water.
Place gluten free flour mix, 1 teaspoon of xanthan gum, the water, the butter cut in cubes and salt in the food processor. Make it work until it takes the shape of a ball. Or until you see that a big ball of dough gets rounded and spins as a ball all together. Stop in immediately, get it out of the machine, cover it with film and to the fridge for at least 30 minutes - better if you wait 1 hour.
Once your dough is well rested and cold, sprinkle some gluten free flour on your kitchen table and work it a little bit. Don't work it too much.
Now you have 2 options: either you use a rolling pan, get it thin and cut perfect discs with a mold (a tea plate or dessert plate will help), or you get balls and make them into circles with the rolling pan. We find the latest the easiest. But maybe you like your food to look pretty and perfect… so you have the option.
To make the empanadas, place a disc on your left hand, and moist your index finger with water. Wet half of the border of your disc. Then place the filling in the middle. Close it, press the border, and pinch it to close it better and give it the nice empanada shape. You'll see us doing it on the video, it's actually not difficult at all, but it takes practice.
Cook them on a 350 degree preheated oven for about 30 minutes.
In Argentina you typically find tons of different fillings and flavors. We even make sweet ones for dessert or for the afternoon mate, with quince paste or sweet potato paste.
Some of the most traditional fillings you'll find are beef, ham and cheese, corn, spinach, tomato cheese and basil, tuna, and chicken.
Check here our recipe for beef empanadas.
There's an empanada store almost in any block! And they all offer about 20 to 30 different fillings. Ordering empanadas on the phone is the easiest and most common thing to do in Argentina whenever you have friends over, or are just tired after work and want something easy and tasty. We definitely miss them!
32 comments:
I am happy to have discovered your blog. It is lovely and I love empanadas! I will be back :)ReplyDelete
Thank you! we'd love to hear how they go!ReplyDelete
I love your photos.This really gave me a huge craving for empanadas. I would love to try this recipe.ReplyDelete
Thanks Alisa!ReplyDelete
Thanks Alisa! I really enjoy doing food photographyReplyDelete
- AnonymousDecember 23, 2010 at 9:29 AM
Julia & Julieta:ReplyDelete
iMil gracias! My father is Argentine and I've always had empanadas, sandwiches de miga, medialunas and all of the other delicious treats from Argentina for Christmas. I was just put on a gluten-free diet and was mourning the loss of these delicacies this Christmas. I'm going to attempt to make the discos tonight. Any suggestions on what type of flour to use? It seems as if there are so many gluten-free flours to choose from. I want to make sure I get the one that will work best and least dry.
Un Besito...
Hi Cynthia! we usually use a mix from Red Mill - I think the important thing is that you don't touch the dough much, make it quickly and store in the fridge for a minimum of 30 minutes before rolling. Happy holidays!ReplyDelete
HI, can you post recipes without xantham gum? I get major gummy tummy, like most people. :) Thanks!ReplyDelete
- LaurenMay 22, 2011 at 9:42 AM
Thanks! After a few years in Argentina, my kids only like the Argentine variety. With a new need for a gluten free we have felt a major loss. Thanks for renewed hope. We can't wait to try the recipe.ReplyDelete
Hi! Does the recipe in the video take lard, instead of butter? If yes, can you tell me how many tablespoons? Thanks, CeciReplyDelete
Yes, you can either make them with lard or butter - we found that using lard changes the texture... in a positive way :)ReplyDelete
8 Tablespoons is the equivalent to 1 stick. Hope you try them!
- AnonymousAugust 2, 2011 at 8:51 PM
can you deep fry the empanadas!! thank youReplyDelete
- AnonymousSeptember 1, 2011 at 10:53 AM
Thanks for the recipe!! We are dealing with lactose as well as gluten intolerance, has anyone tried this with a non-dairy butter substitute?ReplyDelete
- AnonymousOctober 16, 2011 at 9:13 AM
So the video is significantly different than the printed recipe. 3 1/2 TBS lard vs. 8 TBS in the printed recipe; 2 cups of water vs. 3/4 cup in the printed recipe; 2 1/2 cups of flour (it looks like, or is it 3 cups?) vs. 2 cups in the printed recipe.ReplyDelete
Can you tell me what the finished dough looks like, especially for the video recipe? Is it flaky?
Hi there, please note that after several tests, the recipe noted here is better than the one in the video. Preparation in the video is correct, so follow the same steps.ReplyDelete
From the blog post:"Now, we tested a few recipes, and not all of them worked out great. So here goes the one that worked best. In the video you'll learn proper preparation, but we think that the following recipe makes a better dough (the one in the video came out a little dry)." Hope you try it!
I'm going to try your recipe. Thanks for the video demo.ReplyDelete
So how many empanadas does this make?ReplyDelete
My dough is too soft. Please help me.ReplyDelete
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Movie? Food? Not popcorn
What is the best food movie ever made? A.O. Scott thinks its Ratatouille. Okay, maybe; good cartoon. But I don't think it's the very best. I nominate Babette's Feast, and if that's toooooo, well you know, religious, how about Tampopo. Your nominee. Scott's not very depthy case Here.
About the Author
Margaret O'Brien Steinfels, a former editor of Commonweal, writes frequently in these pages and blogs at dotCommonweal.
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I really enjoyed "Big Night", though I can't really remember whether that's because it was a great movie or just a great evening at the movies.
A second vote for 'Babette's Feast' - her cooking (and liquor) certainly changed (at least momentarily) the lives of some pretty dour Lutherans.... wonder if she'd cook for the curia in Rome?'Like Water for Chocolate' is interesting to watch someone's deep sexual attraction be sublimated into some amazing dishes...
Tampopo. No contest. And I am surprised that it was never remade in some American form.
Food can be an art in itself. But as much as the human person does take such a great deal of pleasure in the act of eating, and as popular as the food TV shows are, there really have not been many, if any, good films on food. Maybe it is because the intense pleasure of that first bite of prime rib, the kind of pleasure that makes you go "mmmm," does not translate well to two-dimensional visual depictions.I suppose Night of the Living Dead and Soylent Green do not count, but they are quite enjoyable. Babette's Feast was disappointingly slow and ultimately unsatisfying (it definitely suffers from high expectations after being overrated).
Eat Drink Man WomanRunner up Spanglish, if only for the late night sandwich.
Babette...Seeing that again recently helped me appreciate the meal as much as the "message"... of course on the negative side, there was "supersize Me" -that movie about the guy who lived on McDonald's for a month...never wanted to eat again after that one!
It's surprising how two different people - in this case, AO Scott and me - can watch the same film and get two very different takes on what it's actually about. I saw Ratatouille as the struggle of a gifted outsider - in this case, positing it in its absurd extremity by making him a rat - to break into the closed, hierarchical world of art. "Anyone Can Cook" is as heretical as "Anyone Can Paint", "Anyone Can Dance", "Anyone Can Design A Skyscraper". Or, to broaden it somewhat, "Anyone Can Play Be an NFL Tailback", "Anyone Can Do Advanced Mathematics", "Anyone Can Manage a Hedge Fund".Also, the artist's struggle to reconcile her place in the artistic world with her un-artistic family and community roots.
Not exactly a food movie, but still one of those movies in which I could practically smell the meal when it was served (and started salivating), I nominate "Daughters of the Dust".
Do vampire or zombie movies count?
Oh, sorry, I see that Bender already raised the question. Night of the Living Dead is an amazingly effective movie in spite of (or maybe partly because of) its low production values and poor acting. What about Suddenly, Last Summer? Or, more seriously, Julie & Julia?
My hackles were briefly raised when you dismissed Ratatouille as a "good cartoon". But the more I think about it, the more I agree -- it's not about food in the way the rest of these films are. It's about some characters who work at a restaurant and one who feels called to be a chef artiste. When I think of all those other movies, I remember the long, sensual scenes of people actually eating, but I can't imagine that in a cartoon. Maybe as we can grant cartoon characters the ability to love (as in that montage in Up) but not to show it beyond the odd peck on the lips, so we can grant them the desire to cook but not the ability to actually enjoy eating.
I also liked the Big Night (which turned me on to Louis Prima; I had never heard of him before). And my favorite 'food venue" movie would be Diner.
The restaurant scene in Jacques Tati's 1967 film Playtime. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Play_Timeand excerpts on YouTube.
"Chocolat," though I know many people view it as anti-Catholic. I don't think it's any more anti-Catholic than "Babette" is anti-Lutheran. Critics weren't fond of it, but Johnny Depp was charming.I found "Babette" too slow going and I didn't care much about the characters. I appreciate that it was supposed to be communal and sensual. But, somehow, watching people suck the brains out of tiny birds with their heads cut off didn't do much for me.Then, of course, there's "Sweeney Todd" or "Titus Andronicus" or "The Cook, the Thief, His Wife, and Her Lover" (I don't recommend eating popcorn or anything else while watching any of those.)
"I saw Ratatouille as the struggle of a gifted outsider in this case, positing it in its absurd extremity by making him a rat to break into the closed, hierarchical world of art."Interesting. We have never seen "Ratatouille" because Raber finds the idea of a rat in a restaurant a sick idea. He has a personal problem with rodents.
1) Eat Drink Man Woman2) Like Water for Chocolate
Jean, has Raber ever worked in a restaurant? One evening at closing time at the eatery where I toiled for minimum wage as a teen, the manager, suspecting a varmint had found its way into the stockroom, set out eight mousetraps. The next morning, every one of them was filled.FWIW - Ratatouille has its charms, but it would struggle to make it into my Pixar Top 5. The critics loved it more than I did. The drama of how-does-it-taste has to be portrayed as watching other people's reactions to delicious food. Not being able to taste and smell the food oneself is rather like watching a musical performance on TV with the sound turned down.
Jim, if we get a mouse in the house, I have to set the traps and check them. I also have to get rid of all the spiders. Other people will deal with dust bunnies. If asked to do so in a real loud voice ...
Jean, we have a couple of cats, one of whom is actually a pretty good mouser, and that without his front claws. He's also the terror of all the bunnies, squirrels, chipmunks and other diminutive furry critters in the neighborhood whom the suburban neighbors mostly view as living and moving lawn ornaments. Once, when he was able to get outside (we go to incredible lengths to keep him indoors), my wife and I were chasing him all over the neighborhood in our clumsy, human fashion, while he toyed with us as is his wont, allowing us to creep close and then scampering out of reach. At one point, he dove into a nearby hedgerow, emerging on the other side with a bird in his mouth, pretty much without breaking stride, and resumed toying with us as though nothing out of the ordinary had happened.Our other cat eats spiders and moths, which is useful when living in a houseful of arachnaphobes, as I do. I'm the only human in the house who can screw up the gumption to grab a Kleenex and go squish.
There has been a parade of cats through here in the last 30 years and exactly two of them have actually caught anything. One of the current ones tries to catch flying insects, but she doesn't seem to have enough sense to look UP when they fly out of her sight line. The other one will chase things and, when satisfied he cold deliver the coup de grace, falls in a heap and starts licking his paws. He belongs to the International Feline Conspiracy: Serve no purpose, obey no master.


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What is the effective range of Umbrella Leaf plants? Do they protect plants diagonally adjacent to them? If next to a Cob Cannon (2 lawn squares wide), will the Umbrella Leaf protect both "halves" of the Cob Cannon?
Also, do they take damage and need to be repaired/replaced like Wall Nuts?


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5 Iconic Pop Culture Moments Improvised at the Last Second
If everyone could create a pop culture icon, everyone would. There's no set formula for coming up with something that really takes off with the audience, otherwise our series Zombie Housewives Ad Agency Glee Club: SVU (starring Zooey Deschanel) would've never been cancelled. However, it turns out that some movies and shows that did become enduring classics were dangerously close to being terrible, and we probably wouldn't be talking about them today if they hadn't switched gears on the fly.
#5. Star Trek: Leonard Nimoy Came Up With the Vulcan Salute on Set
One of the most lasting things to come out of Star Trek is Spock's Vulcan salute -- you know, the one where you raise your palm and separate your fingers like someone's trying to tear your hand down the middle. Half a century after the world first saw Spock do that gesture on TV, it has gone from a greeting used by the members of the Vulcan race in the show to something that nerds in general (not just Star Trek fans) can use to spot each other in the real world.
If Obama loses the next election, know that it's because he didn't put his thumb out to the side.
The salute first appeared in the 1967 episode "Amok Time," in which Spock (Leonard Nimoy) must return to his home planet to get laid or die trying. From there, the greeting just took off, presumably because the hippies mistook it for some sort of uber-peace sign.
But It Was Almost ...
A shoulder rub, basically. The script for "Amok Time" actually called for Spock to kneel in front of another Vulcan, who would then grab his shoulders. That was the "Vulcan salute." Basically, Vulcans were supposed to be an entire race of Buster Bluths from Arrested Development, constantly saying hi to their brethren through awkward surprise massages.
"Heeeey, Captain."
It's hard to imagine this version becoming so widespread and iconic, especially considering that sci-fi fans in general are about as comfortable with human contact as Vulcans themselves.
Until ...
Nimoy, however, was aware of this: He pointed out on the set that a previous episode had established that Vulcans would think of this as an invasion of privacy, so he suggested replacing the shoulder rub with something else.
"You think someone's gonna remember what we said in another episode? Come on."
And as it turns out, the gesture has nothing to do with trying to appeal to the hippies and everything to do with Nimoy being Jewish. Nimoy remembered an event in his childhood when he was in a synagogue and saw Jewish priests blessing the audience by doing a gesture with both hands to represent the Hebrew letter "shin," which means "lord" or "eternal spirit":
Alexander Meyer
Both of which are Leonard Nimoy's nicknames.
After demonstrating the gesture to the director, he agreed that it was better, but added the slight alteration of using only one hand. If it wasn't for Nimoy's quick thinking, comics conventions today would be even more uncomfortable than they already are.
#4. Mickey Mouse Was the Result of a Last-Minute Name Switch
Turning a filthy rodent into the most beloved cartoon character in the world is no small feat, and yet that's exactly what Walt Disney managed to pull off with Mickey Mouse. Everything from the character's high-pitched voice to his comical appearance has been carefully calculated to make him look as friendly and marketable as possible, thus convincing kids everywhere that mice spread fun instead of disease.
Why do you think they make him wear those gloves?
But It Was Almost ...
All of that would have probably been irrelevant if they'd kept Walt Disney's original name for the little guy: "Mortimer Mouse." "Mortimer" isn't a name for a children's cartoon, it's a name for an old British guy or his pet tortoise. Calling him "Mortimer" would be one of the few ways to ensure that "Mouse" isn't the most repulsive part of the name.
Would you let a Mortimer near your children? Dressed only in a robe?
When Disney and his overlooked sidekick Ub Iwerks set out to create a new character to replace their Oswald the Lucky Rabbit series, they based it on a pet mouse that Walt had while growing up, whose name was Mortimer (we're guessing that Walt didn't otherwise have a lot of friends). Presumably Iwerks was too shy to tell Disney that the name sucked, because they were actually planning to go ahead with that atrocity. This means that the character's debut was pretty close to being called "Steamboat Mortimer," which sounds more like a Confederate prison steamer than a fun cartoon.
There's no way this could end with anything but "Mortimer" committing suicide.
Until ...
Fortunately, Disney's wife pointed out what everyone else was afraid to say: No matter how large you make his pupils or how many oversized buttons you put on his pants, no kid will watch a cartoon starring a character named Mortimer. Disney asked if she could think of something better, and his wife replied, "How about Mickey?" (when in fact she could have just said "How about literally anything else?"). Two theme parks and several major motion pictures later, Disney was probably forced to admit that she might have been on to something there.
Look at this picture of the Disneys and tell us that woman isn't balls-out terrified of that doll.
There is, however, a little-known Disney character named Mortimer Mouse who is sometimes Minnie's uncle and sometimes Minnie's suitor -- exactly the kind of nastiness we'd expect from a Mortimer.
#3. 2001: A Space Odyssey's Iconic Soundtrack Was Just a Placeholder
It's impossible to think of 2001: A Space Odyssey, Stanley Kubrick's most famous and mind-blowingest work, without instantly hearing the distinctive soundtrack in your head. This movie is the only reason we associate ape men with Also Sprach Zarathustra or spaceships with waltzing.
Or even something as basic as computers with murder.
It's not just that the music fits great with the movie; it's that every image seems perfectly synchronized to that music. The audience's familiarity with those classical pieces also makes the two-and-a-half hours of cosmic insanity infinitely more watchable. Knowing how insanely detail-oriented Kubrick was, he probably had all that stuff completely figured out before shooting one second of footage, right?
"... and this whole scene will be framed by The Ride of the Valkyries, done entirely in farts."
But It Was Almost ...
Actually, the entire classical soundtrack was more or less something Kubrick included at the last minute ... throwing away a finished modern score composed and recorded specifically for this movie. The opening sequence almost sounded like this:
That original score was created by veteran composer Alex North, who had previously worked with Kubrick on his earlier film Spartacus. North's score was epic and bombastic, and would have given the movie a completely different feeling -- the audience would keep wondering when the gladiators were gonna show up and tear down that monolith. 2001 without classical music would be like Pulp Fiction without '70s songs, and with a touching John Williams theme instead.
Still, North worked so hard on the score that Kubrick personally commissioned from him that he actually came down with muscle spasms from the stress and had to be driven to the recording in an ambulance. Kubrick wasn't impressed.
"The last time I slept was Thursday. I don't remember which year."
Until ...
At some point during the film's long production, MGM started worrying about the state of the movie, and Kubrick created a work reel set to classical music, just to show them how it was coming along.
Kubrick liked how it sounded and continued using the classical music as a temporary soundtrack while editing the movie himself (apparently he did everything but act in it). Meanwhile, he told North his score was fine, but that he didn't need more of it because the rest of the movie would be just breathing noises. It's unclear exactly at what point he decided to completely ditch North's soundtrack and use his own -- North himself only found out about it when he attended the film's screening (and probably looked like a huge jerk in front of his date).


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The following real estate transactions were filed in Jefferson County:
Gregory and Susan Hanchin to Harold Main, part outlot 36, Wilson & Helmick Addition.
Anna DeMarco (deceased) to Freda DeMarco, metes, Springfield Township.
Dennis and Michelle Willoughby to Beneficial Financial Inc., lot 6, Maplewood Estates No. 1.
James Banal and others to Jeremy Banal, lot 14, Original Dillonvale.
Jeremy Banal to Kevin Stingle, lot 14, Original Dillonvale.
Barbara Tolley to Larry Stovarsky, lot O, George Myers.
Judith and Timothy Glenn to Larry Stovarsky, lot O, George Myers.
Mary Robertson to James Behnke, lot 16, Brentwood Estates.
Lillian Visnic to Ronald and Stacey Kaine, lot 19, John Spahn's Third (survivorship).
Karen and Willard Wolfe to Brian Dolfi, 0.042 acre, Warren Township.
Lonie Cronin (deceased) to Jean Cronin, 1.01 acres, Ross Township.
Charles and Frances Argentine to Robert and Sarah Merritt, 0.912 acre, Island Creek Township (survivorship).
David Molesky and others to Cora Donohue, lot 24, McConnell's.
David Ludewig to Drew Karas, part lot 41, Original Brilliant.
Fannie Mae to Daniel Bove Jr. and Joshua Kerr, 1.3663 acres, Cross Creek Township.
Eloise Sullivan to Lisa Ferguson, 0.161 acre, Cross Creek Township.
Brandon and Christine Tipton to John and Trena Keyoski Jr., metes, Cross Creek Township; and part outlots 1-2, Daton Addition.
Aldo Isadore (deceased) to Aldo R. Isadore and others, 12,500 square feet, Steubenville Township.
Housing & Urban Development to GMAC Mortgage, part lot 192, Pleasant Heights.
Dan Diamond to Lisa and Hugh Lasater III, part lot 2, Carr's New Addition (survivorship).
Marcie and Margaret Lollini to Tyrone and Patricia Lollini, lot 99, Norman Addition (survivorship).
George Knight and others to George and Sally Knight, lots 26-27, Original York (survivorship).
Zelia Banal (deceased) to Michael Banal, 1.439 acres, Wayne Township.
3ELZ Corp. to Jeffrey and Kimberly Criss, lot 184, Original Steubenville (survivorship).
Pamela Thomas to Steven Thomas, lots 146-147, Beverly Hills.
Sheriff of Jefferson County to Shawn Granatir, 1 acre, Island Creek Township.
Sheriff of Jefferson County to Richard and Jane Hummienny, 8.234 acres, Knox Township (survivorship).
Carol Martin to Jefferson Landmark Inc., 1.7263 acres, Wayne Township.
Anthony DeCaria and others to DeCaria Brothers Rentals LLC, metes, Cross Creek Township; metes, Island Creek Township; and lots 37-38, West Park Subdivision.
Cleo Rowe to Todd Zimish, lot 8, Pleasant Heights.
Leonard and Victoria Francois to Elwood and Wendy Baker, lot 59, Original Richmond.
Natalie Harris (deceased) to William Harris, metes, Ross Township; 81.15 acres, Salem Township; and metes, Steubenville Township.
Christina and Hector Herrera to Martin Gomez, lot 19, Adam Peeler's Second.
Sheriff of Jefferson County to Bank of New York Mellon, lot 61, John Spahn's Third.
Sheriff of Jefferson County to Wells Fargo Bank, lot 70, Steubenville Pottery First.
Sheriff of Jefferson County to US Bank, lot 52, St. John Heights.
Sheriff of Jefferson County to Matrix Financial Services Corp., lot 1, Lincoln Terrace.
Sheriff of Jefferson County to Federal National Mortgage Association, lot 37, Eva Marie Estates.
Sheriff of Jefferson County to Bank of America, lots 73 and 75, Original Mount Pleasant.
Sheriff of Jefferson County to PNC Mortgage, lot 18, Green's Second.
Sheriff of Jefferson County to PNC Mortgage, lot 96, Original Irondale.
Neal Kernen to Franklin Bonar, metes, Steubenville Township.
Vivian Adams Trust to Thomas McDanniels, 0.883 acre, Salem Township.
Darlene Roe to Debra and Mark Roe, 0.1324 acre, Wells Township (survivorship).
Judith and Gerald Barilla to Richard Blackburn, part lot 39 and lot 40, John Spahn's First.
Ricki and Howard Fulton to Ricki Fulton, 5.1153 acres, Wayne Township.
Betty Ramsey (deceased) to John Ramsey Jr. and others, 207.5 acres, Salem Township.
Dawn Zullo to William and Michelle Schaefer, lots 626 and 93-94, Labelleview; lot 3, Richard & Welday's First; and lot 16, Brady Estates No. 1.
Dienna and Fred Mertz to Derek Ferguson, lot 19, Crestview Manor Second.
David and Candace Huber to Derek Ferguson, lot 19, Crestview Manor Second.
Darlene Huber to Derek Ferguson, lot 19, Crestview Manor Second.
Daniel Huber to Derek Ferguson, lot 19, Crestview Manor Second.
Delores Richey (deceased) to M. Jean Patchen and Domenic Fato, lot 62, Alexander Manor.
David and Deborah Viltro to Nicholas and Beth Bressler, 0.22 acre, Island Creek Township (survivorship).
Peter Sergakis (deceased) to Gloria Sergakis, 0.719 acre, Island Creek Township.
Sheriff of Jefferson County to Federal National Mortgage Association, 1.05 acres, Brush Creek Township.
Brent Panepucci to Catherine Macalister and Margaret Mihelarakis, lot 133, Highland City vacated (survivorship).
Thomas and Laurie Dillon to Kevin and Sandra Grimes, metes, Cross Creek Township (survivorship).
Conrad and Cynthia Dobson to John and Emal Westling, lot 46, Beechwood (survivorship).
Ronald and Erin Delatore to Scott and Jamie Wolfe, 0.4902 acre, Smithfield Township (survivorship).
John and Jodi Hatcher III to William Forster Jr., 1.8259 acres, Salem Township.
Edward and Randi Franke to Eric and Valerie Wallace, lot 65, Stuart Manor (survivorship).
Martha Wallace and others to Charlene Isleman, lot 2, Vollmer's Addition.
John Karas and others to Kathleen Flippo, lot 20 and part lot 21, Eastview.
Beverly Pitts to Shortcreek Sportsmans Club, 21.02 acres, Smithfield Township.
Joy Lapoczka to Richard Fisher and Rosemary Fisher, 1.003 acres, Wells-Warren Township (survivorship).
Deborah Roth to Cordelia Russell, 2.0698 acres, Island Creek Township.
Betty DAmico to William and Jodi Welsh, lot 9, Banfield Improvement (survivorship).
CitiMortgage Inc. to Housing & Urban Development, 0.281 acre, Mount Pleasant Township.
Josephine Pekich (deceased) to Barbara Pekich, lot 4, Sunrise Terrace Addition No. 2.
Dorothy and Ernest Tretow to Dorothy Tretow, part lots 8-9, Longview Park.
Richard Howell (deceased) to Virginia Howell, lot 4, James Parr Second.
Resource Solutions LLC to Elisha and Andrew Plesich, lot 91, Country Club Hills.
Clifford Allan (deceased) to Mary Allan, metes, Cross Creek Township.
Rita Ebright to Christopher Ebright, metes, Smithfield Township.
Fannie Mae to Joshua Bumgardner, lot 219, Silver Stream Knolls No. 2.
Mariann Pata to Joseph Bressler, 13.558 acres, Island Creek Township.
Augustine Homes Ltd. to Joseph and Caroline Savinell, lot 25, Lincoln Heights.


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TLA is an acronym for "Three Letter Acronym". Is it also an abbreviation, since it abbreviates the original phrase?
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An acronym (as the term is commonly used) is a term that is formed from the initial letters of some longer name and is pronounced differently than the expanded form. Examples of acronyms as the term is commonly used:
An abbreviation is written differently from the expanded form but is pronounced the same. Examples:
Whether the form is pronounced as a "word" or as letter names or as some combination of the two is a red herring. The key difference is whether the abbreviated form is pronounced differently from the expanded form.
An acronym (sometimes called an initialism) is simply a word formed by taking letters (usually the first) of each word in a phrase to form an abbreviation. Acronyms are thus a subset of abbreviations.
Examples of acronyms: CEO (cheif executive officer), AIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome), FAQ (frequently asked questions), CD-ROM (compact-disk read-only memory)
(Notice that they may be pronounced as words themselves or spelt out depending on the case.)
Examples of abbreviations that are not acronyms: Mr. (Mister), Prof. (Professor), op. (opus), mm (millimeters),
An acronym is a type of abbreviation that is pronounced as a word (e.g. SCUBA, LASER).
The following article is worth a look:
The Difference Between Acronyms and Abbreviations (and Acrostics)
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Extension Publication Gives Tips for Home Garden Vegetable Selection
AMES, Iowa – Iowa gardeners can select vegetable varieties that perform well in their gardens with Suggested Vegetable Varieties for the Home Garden (PM 607), an Iowa State University Extension and Outreach publication.
The publication, written by Richard Jauron, Cynthia Haynes and Ajay Nair, ISU extension horticulturists, suggests produce varieties suited for Iowa gardens based on characteristics such as color, size, texture, flavor, vigor and early or late harvest. The publication includes more than 60 crops.
"Some people may be overwhelmed by the large number of vegetable varieties when they browse through garden catalogs and may have difficulty selecting varieties," said Jauron. "This publication will help gardeners make good choices when purchasing vegetable seeds.
To download this publication, visit the Extension Online Store, https://store.extension.iastate.edu/.
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In Trouble and Paying Out
Financially Sick Firms Often Grant Bonuses in Months Before Bankruptcy Filing
Hostess Brands Inc. is closing after a recent standoff with its striking bakers union. But relations between the Twinkie maker and workers were poisoned months ago amid disclosures that Hostess executives received pay raises not long before seeking bankruptcy protection.
Hostess's bankruptcy judge said during a hearing Thursday that the payments "will definitely be looked at" as he approved the company's request to start liquidating and lay off more than 18,000 employees.
Hostess was exploring a potential bankruptcy filing in July 2011 when its board voted to boost the salary of its chief executive and others, according to creditors. Five months later, it filed for Chapter 11, its second bankruptcy filing in a decade.
In April, creditors, including union representatives, cried foul: They alleged that Hostess made an end run around a federal law that restricts paying bonuses in bankruptcy cases before a judge could scrutinize them. Hostess later rolled back the salaries amid employee protests. Hostess's board approved the raises "long before" deciding on bankruptcy, rewarding executives for extra work, the company said.
Financially ailing companies often pay bonuses and other compensation to executives, directors and private-equity owners in the months before filing for bankruptcy protection. Federal law restricts "retention" bonuses paid to such "insiders" after a bankruptcy case is filed but not before.
Bonuses paid in and around bankruptcy often draw fire from creditors and employees angered by executives getting extra compensation while cutting jobs and benefits, and leaving investors with losses.
To avoid running afoul of limits on bonuses that reward executives for sticking around during bankruptcy, companies craft incentive plans that compensate managers for meeting certain performance targets. But another way they can steer clear of the law's restrictions is by paying bonuses before filing for Chapter 11.
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There are ways for creditors to fight payments made before a bankruptcy case is filed, but legal hurdles, expense and time often discourage such litigation to claw them back.
Companies often say they are using their best business judgment when paying bonuses to executives who are working overtime to keep operations afloat. A firm's fate often isn't known when bonuses are paid, and companies argue they must motivate some executives to stay lest they suffer exoduses that further destabilize troubled situations. "There are good people in troubled situations [who] are clearly going to be more recruitable than others," said Peter Crist, chairman of executive-search firm Crist|Kolder Associates, but "if you give yourself a bonus and the outcome two weeks later was bankruptcy, that's not good."
More than 1,600 insiders—executives and others controlling a company—received bonuses, salaries, fees and other compensation totaling more than $1.3 billion in the months before their companies filed for Chapter 11, according to a Wall Street Journal analysis of more than 80 bankruptcy cases over the past five years.
The circumstances surrounding bonuses paid before a bankruptcy filing vary, and in some instances the motives couldn't be determined. Blockbuster Inc. BLIBQ 17.65 % paid collective bonuses totaling roughly $775,000 to a dozen top executives and managers one week before its September 2010 bankruptcy filing, according to a banker and a consultant familiar with the plan. The timing was an effort to avoid scrutiny under the bankruptcy law limiting retention plans, they said.
The plan included a $100,000 bonus for Blockbuster's general counsel, Rod McDonald, and payments to other managers, they said, but not the chief executive or finance chief. Blockbuster's bankruptcy planning was delayed during the summer of 2010, so the company paid the bonuses to avoid some employee departures, the consultant said.
Mr. McDonald said in an email that Blockbuster's board approved the "relatively small" bonuses as a "prudent step" to incentivize some executives to stay, and it would be "neither practical nor possible" to recruit replacements if they departed on the cusp of a Chapter 11 filing.
Dish Network Corp. DISH -0.09 % , Blockbuster's current owner, declined to comment.
On Dec. 17, 2010, pizza-and-pasta chain Sbarro Inc. approved a retention plan to "motivate and retain key employees" that increased certain top executives' salaries by $90,000 collectively and paid $500,000 in bonuses, a regulatory filing said.
Sbarro approved the payments before an April 2011 Chapter 11 filing so the company wouldn't have to contend with the law limiting retention bonuses, according to a banker familiar with the plan. Around the same time, Sbarro negotiated with creditors for bankruptcy financing, court records show.
A Sbarro lawyer said bankruptcy wasn't certain when the payments were made. The bonuses were minimal, given to keep executives from leaving during uncertain times and weren't designed to circumvent bankruptcy law, the Sbarro lawyer said. The company exited bankruptcy in November 2011.
Hostess in March 2011 hired outside lawyers, and the board "was formally preparing for a Chapter 11 filing on a 'parallel path' to its restructuring efforts," the company's creditors committee said in bankruptcy-court papers filed in April 2012 seeking to subpoena company documents and employees.
On July 26, 2011, the board's compensation committee approved raises for then-CEO Brian Driscoll and several other top managers. A Hostess human-resources executive later testified in a deposition bankruptcy was "a possibility" at that time, creditors said.
Mr. Driscoll's salary increased to $2.55 million from $750,000, and other executives' salaries increased, too, creditors said. Mr. Driscoll resigned in March and is now chief executive of Diamond Foods Inc. He declined to comment through a spokeswoman.
The creditors alleged in bankruptcy-court papers that the "nature, amount and timing of these changes suggested that [Hostess] might have made these changes [before bankruptcy] to retain the executives and to sidestep the prohibitions on retention payments under" the Bankruptcy Code.
Hostess received $60 million from Wall Street owners and lenders "for the express purpose of trying to help the company avoid Chapter 11," the company said, adding it wouldn't have received the money if bankruptcy was predetermined. The creditors withdrew their subpoena requests after Hostess rolled back executives' salaries.
Write to Mike Spector at email@example.com, Tom McGinty at email@example.com and Rachel Feintzeig at firstname.lastname@example.com


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Possible Duplicate:
Where do people get web design patterns/inspiration from?
Is there a web site for UI design inspirations? I'm looking for something dedicated to UX and UI...that would show screenshots like this link:
The above shows some examples of new login form designs...I'm looking for this sort of level of inspiration but for other areas of a site.
Seems like this site should exist somewhere out there on the interwebs already.
Update: Here is a running list:
http://www.uiparade.com/ http://patterntap.com/


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Until what I have gotten is: A PRG is generator is a part of PRF that produces pseudo-random values for the function. PRF is semantically secure and has no worries of being invertible. Fine, then where is PRP used? What is PRP, where it comes to, how it benefits.
A Pseudo Random Function is a function that is indistinguishable from a function selected at random from the set of all functions with the same domain and value set. A Pseudo Random Permutation is, similarly, a bijective function that is indistinguishable from a bijective function selected at random from the set of all bijective functions over the same domain. For instance, a cryptographically secure block cipher parametrized by a secret key is a PRP.
The term PRG is otoh most commonly used for stateful functions that are used for generating successive pseudo random strings, e.g. to be used as a key, iv, salt, nonce etc.
The answer given by Henrick is good, but I try to give a explanation with more details in security area.
When you think about PRF (Pseudo Random Function), you will think that there are three elements with PRF, which is $K, X, Y$. $K$ means the key, $X$ means the message and $Y$ means the output. PRF is a function, when you give this function $K$ and $X$, it will output a $Y$.
$$F : K \times X \to Y$$
When you think about PRP (Pseudo Random Permutation), it also have three elements with PRP , which is $K, X, X$. As you see there are two $X$. The reason it is a $X$ and not a $Y$ means that the output from PRP must be one-to-one. That is, the PRP must be a deterministic algorithm.
$$ E : K \times X \to X $$
And if you use PRP, there should be a inversion algorithm to find out the original input - $D(k,x)$
(apologize for the previous mistake, now the answer should be correct.)
Briefly speaking:
If I give an input which is $m_1$ to PRF, the PRF will give me a random output, lets say it is $f_1$. Then I give $m_1$ to PRF again, this time, the PRF will give me a output but it is still $f_1$.
When I do this to PRP, I give an input $m_1$ to PRP, PRP will give me a random output which is $p_1$. Then I do this again, give PRP $m_1$, then PRP will give me $p_1$ as its output again.However, I can have a inversion function PRP^(-1)(p1) which will output m1.
The inversion function is the biggest difference between PRF and PRP


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Words to Use with Your Kids Every Day
In This Article:
- I'm sorry. Parents need to acknowledge their own mistakes and express regret whenever they cause their child unhappiness or distress. "I'm sorry I got soap in your eyes," or "I'm sorry I wasn't listening; tell me again," or "I'm sorry I can't read any more stories to you; I have to make a phone call now." By expressing your sincere regret, you are showing your child that you are being considerate of her feelings and providing her with a model of good behavior as well.
- No. "No, don't do that; you might hurt someone," or "No, we don't behave that way," or "No, we don't have enough money to buy that." When parents have a hard time saying 'no' to their children, these children may grow up without knowing how to respond to limits. Parents can provide children with some freedom of choice (for instance, let your child pick out his own outfit, or let him decide what he'd like to eat for lunch), but be prepared to set boundaries.
- That's enough. "That's enough TV," or candy, or roughhousing, or arguing. This phrase sets limits and paves the way for your child to develop a sense of self-control. Sometimes a "time-out" period is necessary if your limits have been reached and your child isn't responding to the verbal message you are trying to send.
- How do you suppose she feels? Asking this question provides an opportunity for your child to consider the effects of her actions on another person, and it gives her the chance to develop empathy toward others. When you and your child read stories or watch TV shows together, look for opportunities to talk about the feelings of others.
- This isn't working. Can you think of another way? Considering alternative ways of behaving in difficult situations is one of the steps of problem solving an important skill that is useful throughout life. Your response to problems that arise in daily life, at home, or at work provides a model of behavior for your child.
More on: Values and Responsibilities


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Two people were hurt in a single-vehicle crash around 6 a.m. Sunday on Illinois 130 near the West Salem Road in Edwards County.
Illinois State Police said 17-year-old Logan A. Everett of Stewardson, Ill., was driving a red 1996 Chevrolet pickup northbound on Illinois 130 when he lost control for unknown reasons, crossed the southbound lane of traffic and hot the shoulder where he overcorrected, came back to the center of the roadway and entered a sideways skid during which the truck became airborne and rolled.
The driver was hurt and taken to Richland Memorial Hospital in Olney. A passenger, identified as 46-year-old Donald L. Everett, also of Stewardson, was more seriously injured and was airlifted from the scene to an Evansville, Ind., hospital.
ISP said the older Everett was not wearing a seat belt.
Location, ST | website.com


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Kaynor Tech bounces back with better 'D'
After a subpar performance against Capital Prep on Jan. 17, the Kaynor Tech boys basketball team has surged past its opponents over the past four games.
The day after the 99-56 loss at Capital Prep set the tone for the recent upswing.
"We didn't go up to Hartford expecting to get blown away," said Kaynor Tech coach Hank Spellman. "We expected to win. We did the exact opposite.
"We had a good heart-to-heart talk and each individual faced some realities," added Spellman. "They were very disappointed, and the kids needed to become more focused, realizing that each night we have to give 100 percent. We are a defensive team and when our defense isn't on point, we struggle on both sides of the court. In that game, we never got into a defensive flow until the last quarter and a half. But by that time, we were already down by 30.
"The goal now is to make our defense even better. If everyone is on the same page, we'll be effective."
The wake-up call did wonders for the Panthers (9-4), who host Notre Dame of Fairfield tonight at 7 in Waterbury.
The Panthers are led by senior swingman Tyler Baptista (19.9 ppg.), senior forward DeAndre Gibbs (12.6 ppg.), junior point guard Rayon Thompson (10.5 ppg.) and senior forward-center Marcus Frank (8.2 ppg.).
Joshua Costa and Richard Brito are filling in for starter Adam Pruden (10.1 ppg.), who is sidelined with an injury.
Spellman likes the recent assertiveness of Gibbs on the offensive side. Gibbs has recorded three straight double-double games.
"We're sharing the ball and everyone has been unselfish," said Spellman. "We feel very good about ourselves. Everything is very positive."
On tap Friday: In the Berkshire League, Northwestern (9-3 BL, 9-5) plays at Lewis Mills (9-2, 11-2) in Burlington at 7. Last Saturday, the Spartans won the first meeting, 59-44, in Winsted.
The Future Business Leaders of America (FBLA) will hold a food drive at Lewis Mills on Friday to benefit the local food banks. The JV game begins at 5:30. Fans who bring two or more unopened, nonperishable food items will be allowed free admission.
In a key NVL Copper Division matchup, Kennedy (5-2, 12-2 overall) is at Sacred Heart (6-1, 13-2) at 7 p.m. at Alumni Hall. Sacred Heart is tied with Crosby atop the Copper Division standings after Tuesday's 90-82 overtime win over the Bulldogs. The Hearts defeated Kennedy, 61-56, on Dec. 27.
Closing in on a milestone: After a 40-point performance in the loss to Sacred Heart, Crosby senior Tyshon Rogers is just 23 points shy of 2,000. He could potentially pass that milestone tonight at Torrington.
Earlier this season, Rogers overtook B.J. Monteiro (1,833) as Crosby's all-time leading scorer.
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Ghost the MusicalSat, November 9, 2013 - 8:00 PMFox Theatre Atlanta in Atlanta, GA
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CHESTER - Mountaineer Racetrack is familiar territory for Whiskey Rebellion. Earlier this season, he won a trio of allowance races at the Hancock County oval. And he's shipping from Kentucky to West Virginia's upper panhandle once again, to run in Tuesday's $85,000 Sophomore Sprint Championship Stakes for 3-year-olds.
Whiskey Rebellion has drawn the No. 1 post in the six-furlong event, and is the morning line 3-1 second choice in the field of eight.
"He likes Mountaineer's dirt surface," said his trainer, Akiko M. Gothard. "A synthetic surface, like the one at Turfway Park, doesn't suit Whiskey Rebellion.
Article Photos
FAVORED? — Whiskey Rebellion, after winning an allowance race at Mountaineer in April.
-- Coady Photography
"And, most recently, he's been running against older horses. But on Tuesday, Whiskey Rebellion will be back against his own age group. That's definitely to his favor."
In early June, Whiskey Rebellion finished third against older horses in the Grade 3 Aristides Stakes at Churchill Downs. He is the only horse is this year's Sophomore Sprint Championship with graded stakes experience. His career record now includes 10 starts, four wins, a pair of placings and purse earnings of $73,862.
When he broke his maiden in his career debut at River Downs in June of last year, Whiskey Rebellion charged from seventh position to prevail by 3 lengths.
"But he prefers to go to the front early - we've learned that we can't rate him," said Gothard.
The first two victories by Whiskey Rebellion at Mountaineer were achieved in front- running style. In his third win, on April 24, he stalked the early pace, drove to the front approaching the furlong grounds and then drew off to prevail by 1 lengths.
Whiskey Rebellion is a gelded son of Forestry. Handicappers will note that of the ten editions of the Sophomore Sprint Championship run to date, eight have been won by geldings.
Forestry was quite a speedster in his own right - at age 3, he was victorious in the Grade 1 King's Bishop Stakes at Saratoga. Whiskey Rebellion's dam, Running Debate, was a good sprint and middle distance runner. She won the 2003 OBS Championship Stakes in Florida, and also placed in a half-dozen stakes at Calder Race Course.
Bred in Kentucky by Stonestreet, the nom de course of the late Jess Jackson, Whiskey Rebellion was purchased by Preston Madden for $15,000 at the 2010 Keeneland September Yearling Sale. Madden is a student of history. Whiskey Rebellion was named for a taxpayer insurrection that occurred west of the Appalachian Mountains in 1791.
Gothard, age 82, is headquartered at the Thoroughbred Center (a Keeneland affiliate) near Lexington. She's originally from Japan, and has vivid memories of the later years of World War II in her homeland, "when we went through bombing raids every night and strafings the following mornings," she said.
In 1956, Gothard relocated to the United States and she became a citizen two years later. She has been training thoroughbreds for the past two decades, and has a career resume that includes 1,962 starts and 342 wins, for a strike rate of 17.4 percent.
Her most noteworthy training achievement to date came in 2000, when Gothard sent out K One King to win the Grade 1 Oaklawn Handicap at Oaklawn Park. Gothard has also won 10 other black-type events, including the 2008 Autumn Leaves Stakes at Mountaineer with Champagne Taste.
Saddling chores for Whiskey Rebellion in the Sophomore Sprint Championship will be handled by Gothard's assistant trainer, Paul Garcia. The gelding will be ridden by Crystal Carman, who is originally from Dover Plains, New York, and is a graduate of the North American Riding Academy headed by Hall of Fame jockey Chris McCarron.
Carman has been riding races for two years and has yet to win a stakes.
Her quest to do so could be fulfilled aboard Whiskey Rebellion on Tuesday.
NOTES: The track will conduct 210 days of live racing in 2013. The season will commence on March 1 and will conclude on Dec. 20. The 44th running of the Grade 2 West Virginia Derby will be Aug. 3.


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One of the best chili's I have had! My fiance has asked for it again this week.
Austin Texas
From EatingWell: January/February 2008
Chile Verde, usually a slow-cooked stew of pork, jalapeños and tomatillos, becomes an easy weeknight meal with quick-cooking ground beef and store-bought green salsa. Make it a Meal: Serve with fresh cilantro, red onion and Monterey Jack. Add your favorite hot sauce.
One of the best chili's I have had! My fiance has asked for it again this week.
Austin Texas
I too never post comments or reviews but had to share my enthusiasm for this recipe. It is simply delicious!!!! Definitely best chili I've ever tasted but also one of the best meals I've ever had! I make it with ground lean turkey, to make it even healthier and I love love the flavor. The green enchilada sauce definitely complements the ground turkey. Instead of putting a dallop of sour cream, I put greek plain yogurt instead which makes it yet another step healthier. During the fall/winter months, I make this at the beginning of the week and divide it into Tupperware for lunches at work. I always look forward to my lunch, unlike other days when I pack sandwiches or chicken dishes that dry out after microwaving.
I have never commented on any recipe before and this is one of my FAVORITE recipes! My husband really likes it and he actually doesn't care for traditional chili but loves the spices, etc. in this one. It's a keeper and I will continue to make it for years to come!!
This has become a weekly favorite at our house. Everyone loves it!


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Here is the suggested proof: $0 \cdot 2=2 \cdot 0 =(1+1) \cdot 0 = 1\cdot 0 + 1\cdot 0 = 0 + 0$. But my question lies in this step. Here is the definition of Zero: $0+a = a$ (for any number $a$) therefore: $0+5=5$ or $0+1639=1639$, but can we say $0+0 =0$ ? I mean, that "any" includes "Zero". But we have not defined zero yet.
In other words, we are using "something" before we defined that "something". These days I'm struggling with these fundamental doubts. Especially after reading some quotes from Bertrand Russell saying:" Mathematicians don't know what they're doing nor know their work is true( or something like this...) and John von Neumann saying: "When we are doing mathematics we don't know whether our works are true or not. We just get used to them" Why Russell wrote about 300 pages to show what is "$1$"? Can anyone please introduce me a book which proves math's certainty (if it exists) ?


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New Student & Family Programs
The Office of New Student & Family Programs exists to familiarize new and prospective students, parents, and guests with the University. Please select from the list below to learn more about our program offerings:
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Fall 2016 orientation registration is now available. Sign up TODAY!
New Student Orientation is the capstone of the enrollment process and the starting point for student life here at the University. Required for all new undergraduate students beginning at UTC in a fall term, these programs contain a wealth of information about academics and the University's many resources; as well as the spirit, colors, and tradition that make Chattanooga so unique. Find Out More!
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Come see what everyone is talking about! The best way to find out more about UTC is to schedule a campus visit. Campus tours and events are offered to prospective students and guests throughout the year. Plan Your Visit Now!
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Keep in touch with your student and the goings on at the University by joining our rapidly growing network of UTC Parents and Family members. Sign Up Today!


text: Skydiving.com is proud to have a skydiving network that services Crowley County, CO and the surrouding areas. Have you been dreaming of taking the plunge in Crowley County for some time? No worries. Give Skydiving.com a call today at 1-800-617-7948 to inquire about skydiving in Crowley County, CO or any other county surrounding Crowley County!


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Let $F$ be a finite field of characteristic $2$. Let $m \geq 2 $ be a positive integer.
Seems unknown
if the trinomial
T(t,x) = x^{2m+1}+x^2+s(t) \in F[t][x]
(more explicitly, the
constant coefficient $s(t)$ is a polynomial in $t$,
i.e., $s(t) \in F[t]$)
has monic factors $D(t,x)$ in $F[t][x]$ with degree $3$ relative to $x$.
I.e., $$ D(t,x) = x^3+ a_2(t)x^2+a_1(t)x + a_0(t) $$ with $a_2(t), a_1(t),a_0(t) \in F[t]$ and $T(t,x) = D(t,x)K(t,x)$ for some $K(t,x) \in F[t][x].$
We will then say that $T(t,x)$ have $D(t,x)$ as a factor or that $D(t,x)$ divides $T(t,x)$.
Question: Assume that $D(t,x)$ as above divides the trinomial $T(t,x).$
Do we have $$ \deg(a_1(t)) = 2 \deg(a_2(t)),\;\;\deg(a_0(t))=3\deg(a_2(t)). $$ ???
I am aware of the work of Schinzel on trinomials. The trinomials $T(t,x)$ do not seem to be worked out in these papers.


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The 6 Most Frequently Quoted Brain Facts (That Are Total BS)
After millennia of research, experts still don't know very much about the human brain. As such, most of what you have picked up on the subject from pop culture is just laughably wrong.
In fact, we'll bet you even heard some or all of these brain myths in school at some point ...
#6. "Alcohol Kills Brain Cells!"
What you heard:
It's the reason Homer Simpson gets stupider every season, and it's what your mom warned you about when you got caught sneaking a beer from dad's stash when you were 13: Every beer you drink kills something like a million brain cells and makes you permanently stupider.
"Goodbye, Algebra 2!"
The truth:
Let's get this out of the way now -- too much alcohol does a whole host of horrible shit to just about every organ in your body. It's just that your brain isn't really one of them. Your alcoholic uncle doesn't actually get any stupider when he drinks. Meaner, but not stupider.
"Asleep" isn't the same as "brain damaged."
The whole idea of alcohol destroying your brain actually dates back to the temperance movement in America, circa 1830. Using the now familiar tactic of "It's OK to lie as long as it's for a good cause," the writers of the time claimed that alcohol would do everything from destroying your brain to making you catch fire if you drank too much. Though the latter, if true, would make losing a few brain cells seem fairly minor.
Plenty of people believed it -- it just seems like common sense that beer destroys the brain. Have you ever seen a drunk person before? And listened to his jokes?
"So this guy, he turned and said ... and said ... shit. It was something about priests, or bears. Hey -- QUIT LAUGHING AT ME!"
Yet, according to scientific studies, the dopiness associated with being drunk has nothing to do with dying brain cells and everything to do with the alcohol blocking them from doing their work, inhibiting cognition and motor function. Your brain cells are fine, as long you don't walk into too many walls while you're trashed. Another point of confusion stems from the fact that there is a brain disorder that's linked to alcoholism called Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, which makes you dumb and destroys your memory. But this isn't actually caused by the alcohol; it's malnutrition stemming from the fact that alcoholics often have really crappy diets because the booze kills their appetite and eats up their disposable income.
Of course, the "alcohol kills brain cells" myth was always paired with ...
#5. "You Can't Regrow Brain Cells -- Once They're Gone, They're Gone!"
What you heard:
The story that alcohol -- or anything -- kills your brain cells was scarier because you always heard that brain cells never grow back. When you're horsing around with your brother and hit your head on the coffee table, you just busted yourself down a whole IQ point you're never going to recover. Show off on the field too many times by headbutting the soccer ball, and wave goodbye to college. Except this, too, is thankfully bullshit.
These are the few children lucky enough to avoid head injuries, marijuana and falling acorns in their youth.
The truth:
First, studies from back in the '90s show that adult human brains actually contain stem cells. These are cells that can turn into any other kind of cell on demand, including brain cells. Basically, they're like the blank tiles in Scrabble. When you damage the brain, these cells scramble to rebuild what's broken.
More than that, your brain is incredibly adept at patching itself up in a fix, and can even repair itself after a major event like a stroke, quickly creating new blood vessels to restore oxygen flow, and rewiring brain cells (called neurons) to work around the blockade of dead tissue. Neurons are constantly born through a process called neurogenesis, and can migrate anywhere in the brain that they're needed.
Maryam Faiz , Laia Acarin , Bernardo Castellano and Berta Gonzalez
Above: Neurogenesis. Or that trippy scene from 2001. We're not doctors.
Rather than some monolithic lump of cells that gets battered and broken after years of ill-advised partying, the brain is actually changing all the time. The neural pathways in your brain never stop developing, even well into adulthood, constantly forming and reforming new connections. This happens whenever you learn anything or develop a new memory. It also happens over the course of just a few hours, several times a day.
To reiterate: too much alcohol is bad for you. And too much brain trauma is really fucking bad for you -- ask anyone who played pro football. But give the human brain a little credit.
And while we're on the subject, we probably have to address this one ...
#4. "Drugs Like Ecstasy Can Put Holes In Your Brain!"
What you heard:
Back in 2000, MTV ran a special on Ecstasy and how it's basically forged by Satan in a bathtub of acid and children's screams. They compared the brains of two girls, one of whom had used the drug, and showed a scrotum-shrivellingly terrifying image of the user's brain looking like a lump of Swiss cheese.
Like somebody went at it with a drill.
Not to be outdone by MTV, Oprah Winfrey decided to jump on the bandwagon, and she ran a special all about Ecstasy in which she hysterically pointed out that it will burn a bunch of holes in your brain, showing the same brain scan images. Because everyone listens to Oprah for some dangerous reason, the myth became entrenched in cultural consciousness.
This woman could lead a fascist coup and we'd still take her advice on weight loss and reading choices.
The truth:
It shouldn't come within a thousand yards of surprising you that both Oprah and the producers at MTV badly misinterpreted a neurological brain scan image. This is why you wouldn't call either of them to assist in your stroke rehabilitation.
These images are actually maps of blood flow in the brain, and the so-called "holes" are just areas of lower blood circulation that the computer rendered to look like hollow cavities. There were never any holes in the girl's brain, and even the low circulation doesn't necessarily have anything to do with drugs.
"As you can see from these scans, mescaline turns your brain blue."
The British decided to investigate the effects of Ecstasy on the brain by doing some, you know, real science. They not only proved that Ecstasy doesn't actually put holes in your brain, but they also explained that it basically has no permanent side effects, provided you don't abuse it. They were so confident in their assessment that they even offered the drug to volunteers so that they could actively monitor them under the influence and then evaluate them several hours after the effects wore off. The results showed that after six hours, the subjects were back to normal, completely unharmed, recovering from the most fun scientific study they had ever participated in.
As for people dying because of Ecstasy, the scientists explained that it wasn't from the drug, but actually from dehydration. Because when you're in a rave on a drug that gives you a shitload of energy and an uncontrollable desire to flip out and go crazy, you sometimes forget to drink a glass of water. So, again, it appears that Ecstasy is fully capable of turning you into a dumbass. It just doesn't eat holes in your brain.
Side effects include dehydration, disorientation and unwarranted appreciation for dubstep.
Not that every brain myth has to do with substance abuse. For instance ...


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I've got a few commands that I run in
rc.local so they are run last in the startup sequence. I would like to know if there is a similar facility for undoing the results of those commands at shutdown, like an
rc.shutdown. Ideally, it would be run before any of the other
/etc/init.d scripts.
I've got a few commands that I run in
Not really (at least, to my knowledge).
If you've got SystemV style init scripts, you could create something along the lines of
ArchLinux does have a
It is generally possible, but depends on the init-scripts system you have. If your distribution used a recent version of OpenRC (as Gentoo does), you could put any scripts in
The order depends on the rc-system settings, but typically the local scripts are the last to run at startup and first to run at shutdown.
If you have upstart, you can catch the shutdown event and run a script when it is caught.
In Gentoo the "local" script does exactly what you ask for: It runs certain user specified commands upon 'start' and another set of commands upon 'stop'.
protected by Michael Mrozek♦ Mar 8 '11 at 4:04
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What's the difference between "favor de" and "por favor"?.
Favor de lavarse las manos después de ir al baño.
Por favor lávese las manos después de ir al baño.
Hazme el favor de sacar la basura.
Por favor saca la basura.
What's the difference between "favor de" and "por favor"?.
They are very similar, and in most situations they can be translated by "Please, ..."
"por favor" is equivalent to "please" (as adverb, not verb). Typically at the start or end of the phrase, often separated by a comma.
"Haz/Hazme el favor de [...]" is rather equivalent in meaning, though gramatically different: it requires the article 'el', and the preposition 'de' which connects with the requirement (an alternative: "Hazme el/un favor: saca la basura"). It can also be a little more aggresive (as "Do me a favour:"), but not necessarily.
"Favor de" is more impersonal, to be used in announcements, signs, etc. It's gramatically similar to the previous one, as it implies an ellicited verb "[Haz/Haced/Hagan] el favor de [...]", see above - but the omition suggests that we are not asking anyone in particular.
Hazme el favor de sacar la basura.
Por favor saca la basura.
As for your other two examples, they are pretty much equivalent. I would translate them both as:
However, the first example could be thought of more as:
The use of 'favor de' without the verb hacer afterwards is more common in some areas than others. I never hear it in Argentina yet I think it might be more common in Spain (correct me if i'm wrong)


text:
Ship concepts by Ross Burt for recent xbox live title Spare Parts. Check conceptrobots.
Keywords: science fiction sci-fi concept spaceship digital artwork for xbox next gen console spare parts designed by ross burt ea electronic arts bright light uk united kingdom england main hub starship krofax ship
Wednesday, June 15, 2011
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