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===Detecting Film Fluorescence===
===Detecting Film Fluorescence===
Now that we have identified a film material which we know will change color when exposed to varying oxygen levels, how will we be able to detect its change in color? Thankfully, the optical properties of Ru(dppf) are very well known and the manufacturer is very happy to provide technical information on their [http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Fluka/Datasheet/76886dat.Par.0001.File.tmp/76886dat.pdf data sheet]
Now that we have identified a film material which we know will change color when exposed to varying oxygen levels, how will we be able to detect its change in color? Thankfully, the optical properties of Ru(dppf) are very well known and the manufacturer is very happy to provide technical information on their [http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Fluka/Datasheet/76886dat.Par.0001.File.tmp/76886dat.pdf data sheet]
===Film Permeability to Atmosphere===
===Film Permeability to Atmosphere===
Revision as of 20:27, 3 May 2011
Introduction to dissolved oxygen
Why is oxygen important? For us humans, if we have oxygen, we survive...yay! If not, we don't...boo. So, superficially, this may not seem like a very important parameter to know - you either have oxygen, or you don't. However, for many microorganisms, there are a lot of shades of gray.
For a bacteria or a yeast, different amounts of oxygen produce different results. For instance, starving a yeast cell of oxygen produces ethanol as a metabolite product instead of carbon dioxide. Starving a lake of oxygen not only prevents fishies from living in it, but also promotes the formation of large algae surfaces. Cool, right?
The biggest problem with measuring dissolved oxygen currently is the cost of the equipment available to do it. Typically, dissolved oxygen probes run well into the $400+ range, thus placing them well out of the realm of hobbyists. The cost is not wholly unwarranted - dissolved oxygen meters used a platinum catalyzed reaction with very specific membranes to measure oxygen response. By cutting out the platinum catalyst and the specialized membrane, the cost of a DO meter could drop considerably...enter the optode!
Building a dissolved oxygen probe
How an optode works
In order to reduce cost, we'll be building a dissolved oxygen optode instead of the more common dissolved oxygen electrode.
In an electrode, a small change in a voltage or current is used to detect a change in oxygen concentration. In an optode, a small change in reflected light intensity is used to detect changes in oxygen concentration:
There are advantages and disadvantages to each system.
Properties of commercial dissolved oxygen electrodes:
- Very robust - easily waterproofed
- Very accurate
- Need to recalibrate is rare due to non-reactive nature of the membrane and platinum
- Very small amperages are produced - an amplifier circuit must be built at the amp meter position
- Very, very expensive - $400 and up
Properties of commercial dissolved oxygen optodes:
- Film must be intact for proper sensing - not as robust
- Film must be permeable to oxygen, but impermeable to media (i.e. water)
- Calibration is difficult - more frequent recalibration necessary due to film degradation
- Chemicals in sensing foil respond at visual wavelengths, so background light can interfere with accuracy and precision
- Very cheap components needed
- No need for an amplifier circuit!
- Commercial probes are very, very expensive - $400 and up as well, but based on the design components, could it be made for cheap?
Although the optode has several drawbacks that make it impractical for some uses, there are enough benefits in its simplistic design to make it a potential probe that can handle many situations for $20 or less!
Background & plans to overcome technical hurdles
Flourescent Film Material
The sensor film material must not only fluoresce when exposed to light, but it must also fluoresce at different intensity levels depending on the amount of oxygen in contact with the film. Thankfully, some really smart chemists have already thought of a material to do this...get ready...its a mouthful! The chemical is formally named Tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II). Since this is such a mouthful, we'll be referring to this chemical in the rest of the document as Ru(dppf) which is chemistry-speak for the above name.
Because ruthenium is a metal missing 2 valence electrons (that's the II in the full name for Ru(dppf)), you can only purchase this chemical in one of many complexes. A complex in chemistry is when ions of an opposite charge are associated to an already charged, but unstable molecule. This creates a bond that stabilizes the unstable molecule making it safe and/or easy to handle. Typically, the complexing agent doesn't change the properties of the molecule its bonded to - it just holds on for the ride.
For our application, choice of a complexing molecule isn't very important, so we found the cheapest complex of Ru(dppf) that we could, and ordered some! It happens to be the Ru(dppf) complex (shown to the right).
Our particular part is product number 76886 from Sigma-Aldrich, which at the time of this writing was selling for $59/mg. Yes. You read that correctly - per milligram! If this material is so expensive? How do we expect to make a dO sensor for cheap? Thankfully, we don't need much of it...1mg was enough for us to make 5-6 films to test, thus bringing the price of this chemical to only $10 - $12 per film. Not too bad when you consider a commercial probe costs in the $400 range!
Detecting Film Fluorescence
Now that we have identified a film material which we know will change color when exposed to varying oxygen levels, how will we be able to detect its change in color? Thankfully, the optical properties of Ru(dppf) are very well known and the manufacturer is very happy to provide technical information on their data sheet:
The above graph is showing us two very valuable pieces of information. The curve near the left part of the graph is the absorbance curve. The higher this curve travels on the y-axis, the more light is absorbed by the Ru(dppf). When Ru(dppf) absorbs light, it immediately re-radiates it at a different color. The color that the Ru(dppf) emits is given in the right hand part of the graph known as the emission curve. Note that it does not emit a single wavelength of light - instead it is a range starting at ~550nm, and extending into the infrared spectrum.
What does it all mean? What this graph means is that if we can illuminate our Ru(dppf) film with a bright light which has a wavelength near 455nm, our film will respond by emitting quite a bit of light ranging from 550nm (orange) - infrared. Cool! If we take a quick peek into our electronics catalogue, we quickly find several high intensity blue LEDs with 470nm wavelengths for $1.40/each.
Film Permeability to Atmosphere
Now that a material has been selected to
Light Sealing
In attempting to build a light tight structure, its important to consider where light could potentially leak into your device. It will help in driving performance requirements for the housing. For the optode, light can enter the structure from 3 main points. Remember, for the optode to work, light in the visible spectrum must be blocked!
- If the optode film is clear, ambient light from the room in which you are measuring


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6 Terrifying Sci-Fi Predictions (About the Year 1997)
#3. A Mission is Launched to Colonize Other Planets (1965's Lost In Space)
What Science Fiction Promised Us:
In the classic sci-fi TV series Lost in Space (better known as Hey, Star Trek's on! Wait, no ... no, nevermind) the Robinson family becomes stranded in a distant galaxy after their mission to colonize other planets is sabotaged by a dangerous enemy agent (whom they decide to keep around anyway, on account of his charming personality).
Via Screened.com
"Yes, this looks like a man we should leave alone with our young son as often as possible."
The amazing technology available to the Robinsons in this futuristic era includes a nuclear powered spaceship capable of interstellar travel (the Jupiter 2), shiny silver spacesuits equipped with stuff like jetpacks and ray guns, and a highly intelligent, extremely well-armed talking robot.
Via Orbotix.com
That they use as a nanny.
The date the mission was launched? October 16, 1997.
What Actually Happened:
In the real world, October 16, 1997, was the first time the New York Times showed color pictures on its front page, and also ... no, that's it. That's the most exciting thing that happened on that day. Seriously.
The day before that, however (10/15/1997), happens to be the day that NASA launched the Cassini/Huygens probes on a mission to Saturn -- and they're still out there. In 2005, the Huygens reached Saturn's moon Titan and became the first probe ever to land on the outer region of the Solar System. The project involved 17 nations, hundreds of scientist and almost 20 years of preparation. The Cassini and the Huygens aren't exactly the Jupiter 2, but they did pass right next to Jupiter on their way to Saturn.
Via Wikimedia Commons
Also known as Jupiter 2.
This means that the creators of Lost in Space were only off by one day, seven crew members (and a robot) and thousands of light years of distance. Not too bad. Who knows, maybe that Lost in Space movie from 1998 will turn out to be just as accurate.
Please dear God no.
#2. The Predator Will Show Up in L.A. (Predator 2)
What Science Fiction Promised Us:
Predator 2 was basically the same as the first one, replacing the jungle for Los Angeles, Arnold Schwarzenegger for Danny Glover, and the present for the near future of 1997. Los Angeles is in the middle of a scorching heat wave and a bloody turf war between drug dealers, and Glover plays the LAPD detective who's getting too old for this shit.
Via D.ratingmovies.com
You know ... this shit.
Oh, right, there's also a space hunting Rastafarian going around, killing people for fun. Danny Glover proceeds to thoroughly kick his ass back into his spaceship, at which point all the other Predators come out and basically start cheering him for killing their buddy.
Via scottalanmendelson.blogspot.com
"Gary was such an asshole."
And that's what made the whole movie worth it. In the Predator universe, 1997 was the year when Danny Glover kicked more ass than anyone else in the universe.
What Actually Happened:
Minus the whole alien hunter thing, this one's actually the closest movie on this list to hit the mark. 1997 did in fact have one of the most scorching summers on record for the time. The 103 degrees in Pasadena actually shattered a record held since 1938. You could barely see past your own nose with all the heat-induced distortion.
Via Worldharmonyrun.org
It's a bunch of really fat, cloaked Predators!
Gang warfare in L.A. isn't exactly new, but 1997 also happened to be the year of the infamous North Hollywood Shootout, one of the most violent in U.S. law enforcement history, in which the police actually had to get guns from a local gun shop just to be able to return fire on a gang of bank robbers.
The shootout went on for 44 minutes, and was even adapted into a movie called 44 Minutes: The North Hollywood Shoot-Out, which we're gonna go ahead and imagine as Predator 2 without the alien. Sadly, they completely missed the opportunity to cast Danny Glover as the lead detective.
#1. The Terrorist "V" Launches His Attacks (the Comic V for Vendetta)
What Science Fiction Promised Us:
The V for Vendetta comic is essentially the same as the movie, only with less bullet time kung fu fighting and a few pesky ideological discrepancies. First published in 1982, the story predicted that by the '90s, England would have become a totalitarian state ruled by a Big Brother-type Leader. That all changes on November 5, 1997, when an anarchist known as V begins fighting the fascist government through a series of carefully planned terrorist attacks. Another difference with the movie is that in this version, the masked protagonist is more prone to breaking into musical numbers.
V for Vendetta didn't show a whole lot of technological advancements, except maybe the surveillance system enforced by the government. In the comic the Leader sits in a dark room surrounded by screens, presumably watching people as they poop, all day, every day. They even put speakers and microphones on the security cameras in order to make the lack of privacy as complete as possible.
Via Wisardwriter.info
"At night, your light bulbs will be replaced with bees. For your protection."
That's 1997 England. As for the rest of the world: They're all burning up in flames due to a massive nuclear war. So, yeah, we're actually glad this one didn't come true.
What Actually Happened:
Not only did England not turn into a totalitarian state, 1997 was actually the first time the Conservative Party lost the general election since 1974. Some of our British readers might point out that the Labour Party wasn't really any better, but the Conservative defeat at least broke the 20 year one-party monopoly. Meanwhile, instead of a masked terrorist playing twisted cabaret songs in his hideout, the country was more concerned with Elton John singing to the recently departed Princess Diana.
Via The Sun
Which is pretty much the same thing.
It turns out that in 1997, England's privacy wasn't being violated by government cameras on every corner, but by paparazzi. And by government cameras on every corner.
The mass surveillance trend in the U.K. began in the late '80s and became widespread in the '90s; by the early '00s it was estimated that there were 4.2 million CCTV cameras installed across the country. More recently they've started adding microphones and speakers to them. Even the propaganda seems like it was directly lifted from V for Vendetta or 1984.
Via Notbored.org
"The British government supports Alan Moore. We want to make sure he stays inspired."
But that's not all: There's also the fact that, in a roundabout way, V for Vendetta ended up inspiring hundreds of thousands of protesters around the world (not just Anonymous) to adopt Guy Fawkes masks as a common symbol. The fact that this was achieved through a bastardized Hollywood adaptation would probably drive V to suicide.
For more ways we were let down, check out 8 Badass Sci-Fi Predictions That Came True In Lame-Ass Ways and The Hoverboard Lie: How Back to the Future Ruined Childhood.

subset: commoncrawl


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When was the last time you had the chance to learn about nature and yourself, all at 50 feet up in a tree and for as little as $15?
You have that chance now! Welcome to Tree Top Excursions, a program at the Georgia Department of Natural Resources' Charlie Elliott Wildlife Center near Mansfield. Jody Rice, who heads up the program at Charlie Elliott, has led rope-assisted tree climbs since 2003.
Customers of this and similar programs at other facilities have varied from scientists collecting seeds in the rain forest canopy to teenagers with learning disabilities building confidence 15 feet off the ground.
Registration is now being accepted for an Introduction to Tree Climbing course. Two sessions will be offered on Oct. 12, 2013: Session One is from 1-2 p.m. with Session Two from 3-4 p.m.
Fees for this course are $15 a person. Preregistration is required. Participants should be 8 or older.
The tree climbing program at Charlie Elliott is part of Canopy-Adventure-Research-Educational Technical Tree Climbing, or CARE TTC. Participants outfitted with helmets and harnesses pull themselves up on ropes attached to the limbs of a large tree. (At Charlie Elliott, the "tame" tree is a 90-foot-tall willow oak nicknamed Charlie).
Tree Top Excursions at Charlie Elliott are currently open to groups and individuals. Participants with special needs, such as people in wheelchairs, can be accommodated.
Charlie Elliott Wildlife Center, named for the first director of what is now the Wildlife Resources Division, offers outdoor activities such as hunting, fishing, shooting and birding along with educational programs and a conference center, banquet hall and hotel-styled lodging, all within an hour's drive of Atlanta. The 6,400 acres include Marben Public Fishing Area and Clybel Wildlife Management Area.
Learn more online:
Tree Top Excursions, www.georgiawildlife.com/TreeClimbing
Charlie Elliott Wildlife Center, www.georgiawildlife.com/CharlieElliott
Photos: Melissa Cummings (email@example.com ).
"Georgia Hidden Treasures" video of a climb at Panola Mountain State Park led by Jody Rice: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9GX-vg_y2k


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I'm interested in modifying the kernel internals, applying patches, handling device drivers and modules, for my own personal fun.
Is there a comprehensive resource for kernel hacking, intended for experienced programmers?
I'm interested in modifying the kernel internals, applying patches, handling device drivers and modules, for my own personal fun.
Is there a comprehensive resource for kernel hacking, intended for experienced programmers?
closed as off-topic by derobert, Ramesh, jimmij, John WH Smith, jasonwryan Jan 5 '15 at 16:27
This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
A journey of a thousand code-miles must begin with a single step. If you are in confusion about which of the following books to start with, don't worry, pick any one of your choice. Not all those who wander are lost. As all roads ultimately connect to highway, you will explore new things in your kernel journey as the pages progress without meeting any dead ends, and ultimately connect to the
What is left is not a thing or an emotion or an image or a mental picture or a memory or even an idea. It is a function. A process of some sort. An aspect of Life that could be described as a function of something "larger". And therefore, it appears that it is not really "separate" from that something else. Like the function of a knife - cutting something - is not, in fact, separate from the knife itself. The function may or may not be in use at the moment, but it is potentially NEVER separate.
Solovay Strassen Derandomized Algorithm for Primality Test:
Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested: that is, some books are to be read only in parts, others to be read, but not curiously, and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.
Reader should be well versed with operating system concepts; a fair understanding of long running processes and its differences with processes with short bursts of execution; fault tolerance while meeting soft and hard real time constraints. While reading, it's important to understand and
Threads [and] signals [are] a platform-dependent trail of misery, despair, horror and madness (~Anthony Baxte). That being said you should be a self-evaluating C expert, before diving into the kernel. You should also have good experience with Linked Lists, Stacks, Queues, Red Blacks Trees, Hash Functions, et al.
The beauty and art of the Linux Kernel source lies in the deliberate code obfuscation used along. This is often necessitated as to convey the computational meaning involving two or more operations in a clean and elegant way. This is especially true when writing code for multi-core architecture.
Video Lectures on Real-Time Systems, Task Scheduling, Memory Compression, Memory Barriers, SMP
Your task is basically to establish a high speed communication interface between the hardware device and the software kernel. You should read the hardware reference datasheet/manual to understand the behavior of the device and it's control and data states and provided physical channels. Knowledge of Assembly for your particular architecture and a fair knowledge of VLSI Hardware Description Languages like VHDL or Verilog will help you in the long run.
Q: But, why do I have to read the hardware specs?
A: Because, "There is a chasm of carbon and silicon the software can't bridge" - Rahul Sonnad
However, the above doesn't poses a problem for Computational Algorithms (Driver code - bottom-half processing), as it can be fully simulated on a Universal Turing Machine. If the computed result holds true in the mathematical domain, it's a certainty that it is also true in the physical domain.
Video Lectures on Linux Device Drivers (Lec. 17 & 18), Anatomy of an Embedded KMS Driver, Pin Control and GPIO Update, Common Clock Framework, Write a Real Linux Driver - Greg KH
Understanding a packet walk-through in the kernel is a key to understanding kernel networking. Understanding it is a must if we want to understand Netfilter or IPSec internals, and more. The two most important structures of linux kernel network layer are:
Brian W. Kernighan, in the paper Unix for Beginners (1979) said, "The most effective debugging tool is still careful thought, coupled with judiciously placed print statements". Knowing what to collect will help you to get the right data quickly for a fast diagnosis. The great computer scientist Edsger Dijkstra once said that testing can demonstrate the presence of bugs but not their absence. Good investigation practices should balance the need to solve problems quickly, the need to build your skills, and the effective use of subject matter experts.
There are times when you hit rock-bottom, nothing seems to work and you run out of all your options. Its then that the real debugging begins. A bug may provide the break you need to disengage from a fixation on the ineffective solution.
Video Lectures on Kernel Debug and Profiling, Core Dump Analysis, Multicore Debugging with GDB, Controlling Multi-Core Race Conditions, Debugging Electronics
On a UNIX system, everything is a file; if something is not a file, it is a process, except for named pipes and sockets. In a file system, a file is represented by an
Video Lectures on Storage Systems, Flash Friendly File System
Cryptography forms the basis of trust online. Hacking is exploiting security controls either in a technical, physical or a human-based element. Protecting the kernel from other running programs is a first step toward a secure and stable system, but this is obviously not enough: some degree of protection must exist between different user-land applications as well. Exploits can target local or remote services.
Video Lectures on Cryptography and Network Security, Namespaces for Security, Protection Against Remote Attacks, Secure Embedded Linux
You might not think that programmers are artists, but programming is an extremely creative profession. It's logic-based creativity. Computer science education cannot make anybody an expert programmer any more than studying brushes and pigment can make somebody an expert painter. As you already know, there is a difference between knowing the path and walking the path; it is of utmost importance to roll up your sleeves and get your hands dirty with kernel source code. Finally, with your thus gained kernel knowledge, wherever you go, you will shine.
Immature coders imitate; mature coders steal; bad coders deface what they take, and good coders make it into something better, or at least something different. The good coder welds his theft into a whole of feeling which is unique, utterly different from that from which it was torn.
Video Lectures on Kernel Recipes
Linux Kernel Newbies is a great resource.
I suggest you read "Linux Kernel in a Nutshell", by Greg Kroah-Hartman and "Understanding the Linux Kernel", by Robert Love. Must reads :)
Linux Device Drivers is another good resource. It would give you another way to get into the inner workings. From the preface:
See The Linux Documentation Project. Particularly the "Linux Kernel module guide".
Linux Kernel 2.4 Internals is another online resource to look at. It appears to take a pretty 'ground up' approach, starting with booting. Here the the TOC:
And, to make it even sweeter, there is a new Linux Kernel Development Third Edition by Robert Love out and Slashdot has a review.
Start with Linux Kernel Primer by Claudia Salzberg et al. Good one to start with for beginners. Robert Love's book is definitely not the book that beginners should start with. Latter book is above intermediate level.


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STEUBENVILLE - Big Red recorded a "twofer" Wednesday at Vacarro Field.
Fred Heatherington's club collected 17 hits to defeat Buckeye Local 14-7, completing a game that was halted by rain back on April 16. In the regularly-scheduled contest, freshman Anthony Zorne, thanks to some strong support by his defense, went the distance as Big Red clipped the Panthers 7-2.
With the victories, Big Red, which hosts St. Clairsville today, improves to 15-8. Rick DeLuca's squad now stands at 10-13 and visits Shadyside today.
Article Photos
AT THIRD — Big Red's Lucas Herrington heads into third base as Panthers third baseman Lucas Ostijich looks on.
-- Fred Younce
"We had two good games today," Heatherington said. "Zorne threw well in the second and our defense played well. Hopefully that's a sign of something good to come.
"We didn't hit the ball well in the second game (the Panthers out-hit Big Red 9-6) but we were able to get some key hits and have a big inning."
Justin Corsi earned the pitching win in the 14-7 Red triumph.
Bryan Pierro paced the offense with four hits, Evan Westlake had three as did Cody Saltsman (he finished with a triple, two singles and three RBI). John Linn, Matt Petrella and Pat Pizzoferrato added two safeties each to the 17-hit attack.
Chase Hopkins recorded two singles and a double to pace Buckeye Local. Eric Banal and Brian Zeroski chipped in with a pair of hits.
Zorne displayed good control in the 7-2 victory. He mowed down eight Panthers via strikes and issued four walks, all coming in the seventh inning. Buckeye did manage nine hits off the lefty.
"He didn't have command of all three pitches today but he had enough command to get by," Heatherington noted.
His defense came up big several times to bail out the freshman. In the Buckeye third, catcher Kai McClurg fired a strike to third to pick off a Panther runner and end a scoring threat. Mason Heatherington, Big Red's right fielder, robbed Shane Duncan of a base hit with a nifty sliding catch in the fifth. Later in the frame, Austin Marshall ripped a double to left but was cut down at third thanks to the hustle of Pizzoferrato in the outfield and strike on the relay by shortstop Pierro.
Jonathan Borkoski started the Panther sixth with a double (the hit was his third of the game). Two batters later, he was caught in a run-down between third and second after Big Red's Lucas Herrington knocked down a hard liner off the bat of Zeroski.
"Those are the plays we are supposed to be making," Heatherington said of the defensive effort. "That's why the guys who are out there are out there. If we can continue to do that, it's certainly the right time to do it."
Big Red grabbed a 1-0 lead in the first when Pierro drew a lead-off walk off Buckeye starter and loser Hopkins. He swiped second, moved to third on Linn's ground-out and scored on Petrella's bouncer to short.
Pierro would drive home a run in the third with a single and Pizzoferrato's plated the third tally after his double down the left field line.
The hosts put the game away with a four-run fifth. Linn's bases-loaded triple to the warning track in right was the key blow of the rally.
Eric Williams had an RBI single for the Panthers in the fourth. The second Buckeye run came via the four seventh inning walks.
Buckeye Local stranded nine runners.
"We had our chances," DeLuca stated. "In two of the games we've played them, we out-hit them (the Panthers had 12 safeties compared to nine for Big Red in the OVAC semifinals). We had guys on but poor base running took us out of some innings.
"It's just one of those things. I told our kids the one thing we don't have is the killer instinct. We have a few players that have it but we don't have it as a team. Other teams we are playing have it."
Dominic Rose and Marshall added two singles for Buckeye.
"We came in very flat," DeLuca continued. "You can't play Big Red and be flat. We have a good team, a lot better than our record indicates. Right now, we are just flat."
Both teams also have games scheduled for Friday (Big Red will visit Edison and Buckeye hosts Indian Creek) before beginning Division II sectional play Saturday at Vacarro. Big Red will test Meadowbrook at 11 a.m. while the Panthers will tangle with East Liverpool at 4 p.m.
Big Red 14 Buckeye Local 7
Steubenville 621 212 0 - 14 17 3
Buckeye Local 310 300 0 - 7 13 5
STEUBENVILLE: Corsi (WP, 1BB, 7K) and McClurg; Pierro 3S, D; Westlake 3S, RBI; Saltsman T, 2S, 3RBI; Petrella 2D, RBI; Pizzoferrato 2D, 3RBI; Linn 2S, RBI; Corsi D, RBI; McClurg RBI.
BUCKEYE LOCAL: Hopkins (LP, 3BB 1K) Ostesich (2, 1BB, 5K) and Sokolowski; Hopkins 2S, D; Zeroski D, S, RBI; Duncan S, RBI; Marshall S, 2RBI; Panepucci S; Borkoski S, RBI; Banal 2S, RBI; Figurski S; Sokolowski D, RBI.
Big Red 7, Buckeye Local 2
Buckeye Local 000 100 1 - 2 9 1
Steubenville 101 140 x - 7 6 1
BUCKEYE LOCAL (10-13): Hopkins (LP, 3BB, 2K) Ostijich (6, 0BB, 0K) and Sokolowski. Borkoski 2S, D, RBI; Marshall 2S; Rose 2S; Williams S, RBI; Sokolowski S.
STEUBENVILLE (15-8): Zorne (WP, 4BB, 8K) and McClurg. Linn T, 3RBI; Pizzoferrato D; Herrington S; Heatherington S; Pierro S, RBI; DeFrances S; Petrella 2RBI.


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E-Rod Motor Package - Eco Nova Part 1Written by on April 1, 2011 Contributors: GM Performance Parts We Turn A Smog Refugee Into A Clean Machine With GM's Revolutionary 430hp E-Rod Package.
Progress is always good. Well, at least the final product is. Oftentimes though, the evolutionary starts and stops along the way to the ultimate goal feel like hindering steps backward rather than constructive steps forward. Case in point is the clunky '70s and '80s emission systems and fuel injection. These sought to embrace technology and usher in a new era of improved cars, but initially only created neutered versions of the previous generation's brawny muscle cars that were only marginally cleaner. Not our kind of progress.
Of course, we all know how that eventually worked out; now we have naturally aspirated engines from the factory that easily make over 400 hp and blown ones that can reach into the mid 600s while retaining excellent driveability and passing emissions without air pumps. But what about all of those cars left in the lurch? It wasn't so long ago that even California favored a 30-year rolling smog exemption that was the hot rodder's saving grace for those cars, but that ceased in 2004 and was replaced by a mandate that all cars 1976 and newer (except cars less than 5 years old) must be smogged every other year with both a tailpipe and visual inspection. We could write another article on the bs contained in that decision, but for now those are the cards.
Nevertheless, with modern engine design and a little persistence, there's no reason you can't have your later-model car and more power. Even Cali allows engine swaps in anything, provided the engine is newer than the car, from the same weight class or lighter, and meets emission standards for the vehicle it was removed from. The problem is that it requires sourcing many parts and duplicating the newer car's emissions systems exactly, as well as dealing with stock ECU and PCM issues that could prevent a smog referee from passing it. Not necessarily easy. It's even worse for kit cars and custom builds that may be required to meet emissions for the year of their construction. That's where GM Performance Parts comes in with the revolutionary E-Rod package.
The E-Rod ethos is basically that there is no reason an essentially universal package based upon current production vehicles couldn't be developed and receive a smog exemption. Provided the kit is correctly installed, any car could be as clean and powerful as a new Camaro or Corvette. The parts already existed, so GMPP joined forces with SEMA and the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to ensure E-Rod-equipped vehicles are legal in California and other states that mirror CARB's recommendations and emissions standards.
To introduce the package, GM built a beautiful '55 Chevy. Don't get us wrong, we love the car, and we get the imagery of introducing the world to a new era of hot rodding in the same car that set it on fire with the original small-block Chevy. Plus, it shows any classic can be clean, but we think the major market for the E-Rod is a bit later in the lineage. That's why we've chosen a '76 Nova for our swap; this car represents a whole generation of neglected projects cast aside to avoid smog restrictions, as well as a sore spot for Californians since it happens to be the first year of required smog inspection. It's why GM created the E-Rod package to begin with. This Nova's story is much like many of its brethren; the choice was to either stay mostly stock with a few exceptions, or fly in the face of the law and hope to not be caught. Now we have a new and much more appealing option.
Plenty of E-Rods will likely be dropped in second-gen Camaros, so we also wanted to be a bit different while still keeping it relevant; the subframe in the '75-79 X-body Novas is essentially the same as a second-gen F-body Camaro and Firebird. So what are you up against when you decide to perform this swap? For now, we'll introduce you to the major E-Rod components and the EcoNova, but stay with us in subsequent issues as we walk you through the process all the way through the installation and certification. The pains will be worth it-even if you aren't yet subject to, or just don't care about smog restrictions. A GM-reliable, turnkey 430hp LS3 is a great powerplant for any vintage rod.
E-Rod Package Parts List
• 6.2L LS3 with 430 hp and 424 lb-ft of torque
• LS3 engine wiring harness
• Engine control module with emissions-legal calibration
• Catalytic converters
• Exhaust manifolds
• Oxygen sensors and sensor bosses
• Fuel tank evaporative emissions canister
• Air filter
• Mass airflow sensor and sensor boss
• Accelerator pedal (for use with the LS3's electronic throttle)
• Instruction manual
• Price? As low as $7,600
More Photos From This Article View Slideshow
Here's our 430hp E-Rod still mounted atop its shipping crate. Front-drive assemblies are available separately with GMPP PN 19155067. The LS3 E-Rod package itself is GMPP PN 19244805.As shipped, our E-Rod arrived with Corvette manifolds with a centered exhaust dump. This may work well for street rods, but probably not most muscle cars.Looks scary as hell, right? No worries, we'll show how to address this terrifying tangle of wires. Fortunately everything is clearly labeled. The beauty of the GMPP E-Rod kit is that it leaves nothing to chance and very few parts to chase.Catalytic converters have come a long way; these four little guys are production pieces complete with bungs for four oxygen sensors and OE-level emissions reduction. They're universal fitment, but have been designed to work with most popular GM muscle cars with minimal issue.The E-Rod kit comes complete with all the required sensors for installation as well as a specially tuned version of the E67 ECU that provides only engine and emissions equipment controls. You'll need to specify manual or automatic trans to make sure you get the right programming. Ours is for an auto.Perhaps the oddest part of the install will be retrofitting the electronic fly-by-wire throttle pedal. We've always been fans of simple cables, but the pedal and throttle body are necessary evils for smog certification.We've been pulling these things out of cars our whole lives, so this represents the first time we've ever willingly installed an evaporative emissions canister into a car!


text: Go-go girls, The Laugh-In TV show, Burbank, flower children, and Hippies are a few of the late sixties to early seventies pop culture. My drawing is a mixture of the long straight hair, go-go boots, and trippy art! I hope you enjoy this tutorial. Please comment, fav or vote. Thank you, everyone!


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DC Media Scoff At President Obama's Substantive And Detailed Answer To Health Care Question
At a town hall meeting in Charlotte, NC last Friday, a woman in the audience asked President Obama if it was a "wise decision to add more taxes to us with the health care" package. The President responded by giving a fairly long , detailed, and substantive answer — spanning more than 15 minutes — explaining the necessity of reform and that the tax increases would only affect the rich. "Boy, that was a long answer," Obama acknowledged. "I'm sorry…but I hope I answered her question."
Unsurprisingly, many in the mainstream media focused on the style, rather than the substance, of Obama's answer. Last night on Fox News, host Jim Angle called it "one of the longest answers in the annals of presidential town hall meetings," seemingly mocking Obama's "17 minute answer" that was "six full pages." Charles Krauthammer piled on:
KRAUTHAMMER: It's only nine times the length of the Gettysburg Address, and Lincoln was answering an easier question, the higher purpose of the union and soldiers who fell in battle. The president had an easy answer. He could have said I wanted to make history with health care and to do it I have to raise your taxes. … End of answer.
Obama's answer made others in the DC media circuit a bit sleepy and seemingly annoyed, like the Washington Post's Anne Kornblut, who penned an entire article mocking Obama's "doozy" of an answer:
He then spent the next 17 minutes and 12 seconds lulling the crowd into a daze. His discursive answer — more than 2,500 words long — wandered from topic to topic. […] Halfway through, an audience member on the riser yawned. But Obama wasn't finished. He had a "final point," before starting again with another list — of three points. […] The audience sat politely, but people in the back of the room began to wander off.
Liberal bloggers ridiculed Kornblut's story:
What a snob. Makes you long for the non-elitist days, when a president would respond to Doris' question with a quick slap on the ass and a winking, "you'll be alright, gorgeous, I'll get those taxes out of the way."
"For the record," the Washington Monthly's Steve Benen wrote, "I kind of liked the lengthy response, but I probably like in-depth discussions more than the typical political reporter."
Perhaps all the misinformation that has been emanating from media outlets such as the Washington Post and Fox News on health care reform this past year is what required the President to make such a detailed response in order to set the record straight.


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The 25th Convocation of IGNOU is scheduled to be held soon. Students who have completed their programmes by December 2011 Term-End Examination will be eligible for award of degree certificates in this Convocation.
The main function will be held at IGNOU headquarters, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068 and simultaneously at the cities of the selected Regional Centres. Students can receive their degree certificates in person or in absentia by post by paying the requisite fee.
Information regarding Convocation will be sent in due course to eligible students.
Degrees will be issued only to the candidates on production of IGNOU Student Identity card issued by the Regional Director and to no one else including the authorised representatives on Convocation Day during permissible time period.
NOTE: Students of MBA, MCA, M.Com, BTCM etc are required to remit fees for all degree certificates associated with the programme (Like Diplomas/ PG Diplomas/ Degrees).


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2012 Advocacy Summit in D.C.
February 16, 2012
So…should I go? I signed up last year and then canceled because I was going through a weird time of having anxiety attacks (see older posts for more info on that). I've been wanting to go to this summit for a few years now and I keep finding reasons (excuses) to not go. Well, the main reason is that I can't really afford it. Right now I'm trying so hard to pay off bills and to get out of debt. Yet here come the expensive medical bills once again. It's a never-ending cycle.
Anyway! I'm also bummed out that I missed the chance to apply for two different travel grants/scholarships offered by the Arthritis Foundation for the summit. I'm always missing deadlines, dammit! But, you know, my instinct keeps telling me to just go for it. I would love to be able to meet with members of Congress to urge them to support funding for arthritis research and other arthritis and health care issues. It's something that I'm very passionate about and I want to get more involved with the political side of advocacy.
Here's more info online about the summit:
4 Responses to "2012 Advocacy Summit in D.C."
February 17, 2012 at 9:37 am
If you can afford the trip, you should totally go. I went last year and it was fantastic. It was so great to be around other facing the same issues I do, I felt so empowered after the trip. I'd recommend it to anyone.


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You Can Shop At Amazon and Help Support Emergency-Preps.com Without It Costing You One Thin Dime - Click Here to Learn How!
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Still time to get your flu shots.
They don't seem to be effective this year, hence the pandemic.
Gah...so do I figure out how to navigate Tri-Care remote, or just pay the fee at the local drug store?Not being forced to go get stuck by the battalion medics leaves me confused.
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8 Oct 2007 9:42 PM #1
Image Carousel User Control
It's not quite ready for prime time, still have to place the buttons and add some events etc... but I would like to know if there any browser issues with my new UX. I wrote this because I saw a post today that says "write one if you can, so I took it to be a challenge, lol. Piece of cake control to write.
Live Demo:
Little preview, this is subject to change:
var Carousel = new Ext.ux.carousel( { name: "imageCarousel", settings: {height:"148px", width:"500px", top:"50px", left:"50px", imageHeight:"128px"}, images: ["gfx/1.jpg", "gfx/2.jpg", "gfx/3.jpg", "gfx/4.jpg", "gfx/5.jpg", "gfx/6.jpg", "gfx/7.jpg", "gfx/8.jpg", "gfx/9.jpg", "gfx/10.jpg"] }); Carousel.render();
Try it out, let me know if you have any issues. (I tested FF188.8.131.52 and IE7 and they both work)
EDIT: Forgot to mention that if you have firebug installed it outputs to the console area if you are using IE or whatever it popsup the little debug dialog.
9 Oct 2007 6:20 AM #2
Awesome work.https://moduscreate.com/wp-content/t...es/favicon.png
Jay Garcia @ModusJesus || Modus Create co-founder
Ext JS in Action author
Sencha Touch in Action author
Get in touch for Ext JS & Sencha Touch Touch Training
9 Oct 2007 10:10 AM #3
Same url:
The app has changed significantly.
If you viewed a previous version you must refresh your browser.
A screenshot is attached to this post, I will be adding a few more features, constructing a demo then I will release the code for the ux.
9 Oct 2007 1:17 PM #4
Done all the work I'm going to do on it today, all thats left anyway is the keyboard modifiers.
I posted the code to my website for the UX, enjoy.
9 Oct 2007 5:16 PM #5
great ux
If i press my mouse button on one of the edges (to that the carousel scrolls) and only release the mouse button when i've moved away from the edge (still pressing left-mouse-button) and moved over the carousel area. This makes the carousel continously scrollen until i click on one of the edges again. It this a future ?
It looks quite okey one i do this so it becomes auto scrolling, but it keeps on moving when the carousel ended (greating miles of whitespace maybe limit the scrolling to the start/end of the carousel ?
Anyways like sayed, nice ux
You should take on more challanges :PI'm part of the Ext Community
Maintaining: Translations and some Examples
Developing on: ExtJS Python Builder / Gozerbot
Places: Ido.nl.eu.org / My ExtSamples / Trbs on Wiki / IRC
9 Oct 2007 7:45 PM #6
There is another new version I also updated the example with pictures from my photo album. It now supports Preloading of all images and passing the larger images url back in the event so you can do sexy stuff like this:
Carousel.on("selected", function(img, tn, image, e) { Ext.get("LargeImage").dom.src = image; });
Tons of new configuration options (You can now control the speed and step value!) I will document this all later but have fun with the ux..
9 Oct 2007 8:06 PM #7
As for taking on more stuff bring it.. lol
I'm still pretty new to Ext having only been using it for about two weeks now (But am not new to JS/HTML/ASP and all that like 13 years doing this stuff). But I am very impressed with Ext, and plan on using it in new projects that I take on.
10 Oct 2007 5:18 AM #8
It's cool too see how quickly people can pick up Ext.
Think that speaks for itself on how easy and cool Ext isI'm part of the Ext Community
Maintaining: Translations and some Examples
Developing on: ExtJS Python Builder / Gozerbot
Places: Ido.nl.eu.org / My ExtSamples / Trbs on Wiki / IRC
10 Oct 2007 11:15 AM #9
Well I am always doing improvements, but this one may trigger a browser bug...
I need your feedback if it works for you....
Version that always works:
Dynamic Version *Beta*:
The difference in the version is on one you specify the image height and width and on the other you don't. (This allows for the sizes of your images to be different).
Settings for non dynamic:
settings: {imageHeight:96, imageWidth:128, width:"800px", top:"10px", left:"10px"},
settings: {debug:"true", width:"800px", top:"10px", left:"10px"},Matthew (Profile, Articles)
My blog
Ajaxian Website
CodeProject Website
10 Oct 2007 4:02 PM #10
nice work
Good work
Any special reason to be including both ext-all.js and ext-all-debug.js in your demo url(stable and beta)?Miguel Benevides
my del.icio.us
"I hope that when the world comes to an end, I can breathe a sigh of relief, because there will be so much to look forward to."


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Nike Dual Fusion Boy's Basketball Shoes
Buy Online & Pick Up In-Store
The Nike Dual Fusion Basketball Kids' Shoes will help you burn up the court! The kids shoes feature a synthetic and mesh upper for increased breathability and a dual-density midsole for superior comfort from tip off to the final buzzer. The 3/4-high profile supports your ankle, giving you enough stability to show off your signature moves. An environmentally preferred rubber outsoles lends durability and traction for quick cuts.