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David Wolfe's 1971 Camaro - Show And GoWritten by Steven Rupp on January 1, 2008 Contributors: Robert McGaffin David Wolfe's 1971 Camaro Proves Looks And Performance Aren't Mutually Exclusive.
Chrome has really taken a beating in the public relations arena lately. It seems like anything chromed out and polished is relegated to the category of poser. Back in the day, chrome was king, so this is a confusing switch in perception, like when the two-seater sports car went from being the pinnacle of manliness to "chick car." Chrome has gotten the same bum rap. But there are those gearheads who know performance, and all things shiny can live together in gasoline-fueled harmony. When you first see David Wolfe's '71 Camaro, it's easy to dismiss it as just another fairground cruiser that will never turn a wheel in anger. That would be a mistake. David's Camaro might look like a show car, but it's more than capable of wiping the floor with many cars that roam the streets. It's an iron fist dipped in chrome, and wrapped in a pretty velvet glove.
David's story is one many can relate to. His first car was a '67 Chevelle he bought for $700 at a local salvage yard. He had more dreams than cash, so he had to make payments to the owner before he could take the car. Unfortunately, he was still broke, and could never afford to turn the Chevelle into his dream ride. Seven years later, he sold the '67, which still had its straight-six engine and brown primer paint. David's car-guy gene went dormant while he focused on getting an education.
A couple years ago, fate stepped in and unlocked David's love of old iron. As a general contractor, David was asked to give a quote on a house in need of restoration. The owner, Al Coxon Sr., had bought the house new, but he was now in his 90s, and wanted to move in with family. The home needed extensive repairs, so David told the family he would be interested in buying the home in "as is" condition. David tells PHR: "I was working with Mr. Coxon's family to purchase the home for a remodeling project. While looking at the house, Al Jr. and his wife told me about a car in the garage they wanted to sell as well. I told them that I was interested in the house and not the car. They told me it was a '71 Camaro that's been in storage for the last 17 years. I started to think about my forgotten love of musclecars, and decided I would also buy the Camaro to fix up."
After 17 years of storage, the second gen needed a lot of TLC. But while David had a vision of what he wanted, he didn't have the time, or the right skill set, to tackle such an extensive project. That's where Brent Jarvis of Performance Restorations came in. David wanted his new Camaro to sparkle like a show car, but still be able to throw down at the track. After meeting Brent, he knew Performance Restorations could make this vision a reality. "When David and I first sat down to discuss this project, it was to be a basic restoration with a few upgrades," Brent says. "The original plan called for a GM crate small-block, flat-black engine bay and floor pans, a simple disc brake upgrade, and a real nice paint job. We even had a budget, which would have worked had we not been derailed into go-faster and look-prettier land." David would drop into the shop every few days and go over the project. One phrase that kept popping up was "I want." Anyone who has built a car knows just how expensive that phrase can be. Whenever David was given a choice of paths, he always took the one that led to higher performance and jaw-dropping looks.
Since the car lived most of its life stored in a garage, the body was in fairly good shape. The crew at Performance Restorations stripped it down, fixed the gaps, welded up the seams, and massaged the body. Once suitably straight, the ride was coated in layers of PPG Pearl Blue paint. For a little extra pop, three-stage pearl white SS stripes were buried under the clear. With the body looking sweet, it was time to pay attention to performance, starting with the chassis. The factory front subframe was ditched, and Brent built a square-tube replacement. To this they added fabricated spindles with tubular control arms. In the rear, the Camaro rides on 2-inch drop Hotchkis leaf springs and QA1 adjustable shocks to match the QA1 coilover units up front. To help keep the rear tires planted, they also bolted on a set of CalTrac traction bars. Modern braking performance was a must for both David and Brent, so a set of huge Wilwood binders was added to each axle. Finishing off the chassis is a set of Foose Nitrous 17x8-inch (front) and 18x10 (rear) billet hoops wrapped in Goodyear rubber. "I scaled the car and gave it the best setup I could," Brent says. "The CalTrac bars, QA1 shocks, and the front swing arm sway bar are all adjustable, so there's plenty of tuning flexibility to help the Goodyear F1s hook hard around corners. This car isn't a lightweight, but it sure does stick to the blacktop during spirited driving."
According to the original plan, the Camaro was to run a small-block in the 400hp range, but that plan was discarded in favor of something with a bit more punch. Coil Racing Engines in McHenry, Illinois, was contracted to build something special for the rapidly evolving F-body. At 565 cubes, this engine is big even when compared to other big-blocks, and it's filled with top-shelf goodies. JE forged slugs are slung though the massive bores by Scat H-beam rods and a matching forged crank. The monster big-block breaths through a set of massaged Brodix heads with stainless 2.25- and 1.90-inch valves, and a COMP valvetrain. An Edelbrock Victor Jr. intake and a Quick Fuel Technologies 950-cfm carb reside above those heads. It's pure anger packaged in a shiny box. On the dyno, it spits out 609 hp and a 662 lbs of twist. Yes, this ride was going to be hell on wheels.
David feels a big part of driving is manhandling the gears himself, so a bulletproof Richmond six-speed with a McLeod clutch was bolted behind the big-block. All that power tortures the asphalt through a Ford 9-inch rear with 3.25 gears and an Auburn posi. It's an impressive list of parts, but do they work? To find out, Brent took the Camaro to the track. "I was a little uneasy, since this isn't my car, and it was just out of the shop. I only brought it up to 2,200 rpm on the line, and when I dumped the clutch, the thing shot out of the hole like it was on a mission. It actually surprised the heck out of me. I grabbed second and nothing was there, so I shifted into Third, Fourth, and then Fifth. I could feel this car overpowering the Mickeys all the way down the track. The car ran a 12.04 at 120 mph on what must have been one of the worst driving efforts I've ever made. That was it for the day. The problem on the run was a cracked 1-2 shift arm in the Richmond six-speed. We fixed it a few days later, but haven't made it back to the track. I was happy with the car, but not too happy with myself after all those years of running Pro Street in the NMCA."
The interior of the Camaro is as nice as the rest of the car, and is filled with enough gadgets to make James Bond jealous. "David loves options, so what we have here is a combination of an 11-second drag car, a damn good g-Machine, ISCA looks, full-tilt leather, and fully optioned interior." Danny's glass and trim worked over the interior with yards of black Mercedes leather and carpet, while Performance Restorations filled the dash with Auto Meter gauges to track the vitals. Air conditioning keeps the occupants cool and an audio system keeps them entertained. It's all refined and proper, in stark contrast to the power broiling under the hood. Exactly what David had in mind. And it's not stopping here. David has already dropped off a '69 Camaro at Brent's shop, and this time he's skipping the sugar-coated initial build plan and going for blood with a twin-turbo LS7 and a candy red paint job. This could be the start of chrome's path to redemption, and if it's done like this, we're all for it.
|By The Numbers
|1971 Chevy Camaro
|David Wolfe, 43
|Long Grove, IL
|Performance Restorations, Mundelein, IL
|609 hp at 5,000 rpm, 662 lb-ft at 4,250 rpm
|Best e.t:
|12.04 at 120 mph
|Engine type:
|big-block Chevrolet
|GM 502 iron block, 565 ci
|Compression ratio:
|Scat forged
|Scat H-beam
|Milodon oil pan with Melling pump
|Edelbrock Victor Jr. single-plane
|Cylinder heads:
|Brodix Race-Rite rectangle port
|COMP 248/254 at .050 and .560/.580-inch lift hydraulic roller
|Fuel delivery:
|QFT 950-cfm double pumper
|Hooker 2.25-inch
|Built by:
|Coil Racing Engines in McHenry, IL
|Richmond road-race six-speed
|McLeod 12-inch single disc with aluminum SFI flywheel
|{{{Ford}}} 9-inch with 3.25 gears and Auburn posi, narrowed 2 inches
|power rack-and-pinion
|Front suspension:
|Tubular A-arms, QA1 coilover adjustable shocks with 500-lb/in springs
|Rear suspension:
|Hotchkis 2-inch drop leafs with QA1 adjustable shocks and CalTrac traction bars
|Wilwood six-piston calipers with 13-inch rotors front, and four-piston rear calipers
|Wheels & Tires
|Foose Nitrous 17x8, front; 18x10, rear
|Goodyear Supercar F1 245/45ZR17, front; 285/40ZR18, rear
More Photos From This Article View Slideshow
The underside is as clean as the top, but beneath the powder paint and chrome, there's a very capable g-Machine suspension.This is what it looks like when you take a pump-gas friendly race engine and dress it up in true show car fashion.Power windows, keyless entry, top-shelf materials, and creature comforts galore almost make you forget you're riding in a 35-year-old car.


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I would like to know what quantization is, I mean I would like to have some elementary examples, some soft nontechnical definition, some explanation about what do mathematicians quantize?, can we quantize a function?, a set?, a theorem?, a definition?, a theory?
As I'm sure you'll see from the many answers you'll get, there are lots of notions of "quantization". Here's another perspective.
Recall the primary motivation of, say, algebraic geometry: a geometric space is determined by its algebra of functions. Well, actually, this isn't quite true --- a complex manifold, for example, tends to have very few entire functions (any bounded entire function on C is constant, and so there are no nonconstant entire functions on a torus, say), so in algebraic geometry, they use "sheaves", which are a way of talking about local functions. In real geometry, though (e.g. topology, or differential geometry), there are partitions of unity, and it is more-or-less true that a space is determined by its algebra of total functions. Some examples: two smooth manifolds are diffeomorphic if and only if the algebras of smooth real-valued functions on them are isomorphic. Two locally compact Hausdorff spaces are homeomorphic if and only if their algebras of continuous real-valued functions that vanish at infinity (i.e. for any epsilon there is a compact set so that the function is less than epsilon outside the compact set) are isomorphic.
(From a physics point of view, it should be taken as a definition of "space" that it depends only on its algebra of functions. Said functions are the possible "observables" or "measurements" --- if you can't measure the difference between two systems, you have no right to treat them as different.)
So anyway, it can be useful to recast geometric ideas into algebraic language. Algebra is somehow more "finite" or "computable" than geometry.
But not every algebra arises as the algebra of functions on a geometric space. In particular, by definition the multiplication in the algebra is "pointwise multiplication", which is necessarily commutative (the functions are valued in R or C, usually).
So from this point of view, "quantum mathematics" is when you try to take geometric facts, written algebraically, and interpret them in a noncommutative algebra. For example, a space is locally compact Hausdorff iff its algebra of continuous functions is commutative c-star algebra, and any commutative c-star algebra is the algebra of continuous functions on some space (in fact, on its spectrum). So a "quantum locally compact Hausdorff space" is a non-commutative c-star algebra. Similarly, "quantum algebraic space" is a non-commutative polynomial algebra.
Anyway, I've explained "quantum", but not "quantization". That's because so far there's just geometry ("kinetics"), and no physics ("dynamics").
Well, a noncommutative algebra has, along with addition and multiplication, an important operation called the "commutator", defined by $[a,b]=ab-ba$. Noncommutativity says precisely that this operation is nontrivial. Let's pick a distinguished function H, and consider the operation $[H,-]$. This is necessarily a differential operator on the algebra, in the sense that it is linear and satisfies the Leibniz product rule. If the algebra were commutative, then differential operators would be the same as vector fields on the corresponding geometric space, and thus are the same as differential equations on the space. In fact, that's still true for noncommutative algebras: we define the "time evolution" by saying that for any function (=algebra element) f, it changes in time with differential [H,f]. (Using this rule on coordinate functions defines the geometric differential equation; in noncommutative land, there does not exist a complete set of coordinate functions, as any set of coordinate functions would define a commutative algebra.)
Ok, so it might happen that for the functions you care about, $[a,b]$ is very small. To make this mathematically precise, let's say that (for the subalgebra of functions that do not have very large values) there is some central algebra element $\hbar$, such that $[a,b]$ is always divisible by $\hbar$. Let $A$ be the algebra, and consider the $A/\hbar A$. If $\hbar$ is supposed to be a "very small number", then taking this quotient should only throw away fine-grained information, but some sort of "classical" geometry should still survive (notice that since $[a,b]$ is divisible by $\hbar$, it goes to $0$ in the quotient, so the quotient is commutative and corresponds to a classical geometric space). We can make this precise by demanding that there is a vector-space lift $(A/\hbar A) \to A$, and that $A$ is generated by the image of this lift along with the element $\hbar$.
Anyway, so with this whole set up, the quotient $A/\hbar A$ actually has a little more structure than just being a commutative algebra. In particular, since $[a,b]$ is divisible by $\hbar$, let's consider the element $\{a,b\} = \hbar^{-1} [a,b]$. (Let's suppose that $\hbar$ is not a zero-divisor, so that this element is well-defined.) Probably, $\{a,b\}$ is not small, because we have divided a small thing by a small thing, so that it does have a nonzero image in the quotient.
This defines on the quotient the structure of a Poisson algebra. In particular, you can check that $\{H,-\}$ is a differential operator for any (distinguished) element $H$, and so still defines a "mechanics", now on a classical space.
Then quantization is the process of reversing the above quotient. In particular, lots of spaces that we care about come with canonical Poisson structures. For example, for any manifold, the algebra of functions on its cotangent bundle has a Possion bracket. "Quantizing a manifold" normally means finding a noncommutative algebra so that some quotient (like the one above) gives the original algebra of functions on the cotangent bundle. The standard way to do this is to use Hilbert spaces and bounded operators, as I think another answerer described.
I don't know what it means for a mathematician to quantize something, but I can give you a rough description, and a few specific examples, from a physicist's point of view.
Motivational fluff
When quantum mechanics was first discovered, people tended to think of it as a modified version of classical mechanics [1]. In those days, very few quantum systems were known, so people would create quantum systems by "quantizing" classical ones. To quantize a classical system is to come up with a quantum system that "behaves similarly" in some sense. For example, you generally want there to be an intuitive correspondence between the observables of a classical system and the observables of its quantization, and you generally want the expectation values of the quantized observables to obey the same equations of motion as their classical counterparts.
Because the goal of quantization is to find a quantum system that's "analogous" in some way to a given classical system, it's not a mathematically well-defined procedure, and there's no unique way of doing it. How you attempt to quantize a system, and how you decide whether or not you've succeeded, depends entirely on your motivation and goals.
The harder stuff
I've been using the phrase "quantum system" a lot---what do I really mean? In my opinion, one of the best ways to find out is to read Section 16.5 of Probability via Expectation, by Peter Whittle.
Roughly speaking, a quantum system has two basic parts:
Most interesting quantum systems have another part, which is often very important:
A few examples
I hope this helps!
[1] Today, in contrast, most physicists think of classical mechanics as an approximation to quantum mechanics.
[2] If $H$ is infinite-dimensional, it's typically a separable Hilbert space. You may even need $H$ to be something fancier, like a rigged Hilbert space.
Just to restate some facts already stated in other answers, quantization can mean a few different things. In deformation quantization, we start with a classical theory given by a Poisson manifold. Then, (by definition) the algebra of functions forms a Poisson algebra. A quantization of this algebra is a noncommutative algebra with operators $X_f$ for $f$ a function. There is also a formal parameter $\hbar$. This algebra satifies $$ X_f\ X_g = X_{fg} + \mathcal{O}(\hbar)\ . $$
The idea of quantization is that the Poisson bracket becomes a commutator, or
$$ [X_f,X_g] = \hbar X_{\lbrace f,g \rbrace} + \mathcal{O}(\hbar^2)\ . $$
Thus, we have a noncommutative version of classical mechanics. The existence of such an algebra is a theorem of Kontsevich (the case of a symplectic manifold was solved much earlier, but I forget by whom).
In mathematics, there are plenty of interesting analogous situations where you have a noncommutative thingie which is, in some sense, a formal deformation of a commutative thingie. You can see the other direction of the above as an example of the following general fact. Given a filtered algebra whose associated graded is commutative, there is a natural Poisson structure on the associated graded.
In physics, however, it's not enough to just deform the algebra of functions; we have to now represent things on a Hilbert space. This introduces a whole host of other problems. In geometric quantization, this is split into two steps. Let's say we have a symplectic manifold whose symplectic form is integral. Then we can construct a line bundle with connection whose curvature is that symplectic form. The Hilbert space is the space of $L^2$ sections of this bundle. This is much too large, however, so you have to cut it down (which is step 2). In various cases, well-defined procedures exist, but I don't believe this is well-understood in general. For example, I'm not sure it's possible to represent every function as an operator.
It's probably worth pointing out that, from the point of view of physics, quantization is backwards. It is the quantum theory that is fundamental, and the classical theory should arise as some limit of the quantum theory. There's some interesting mathematics there, and also a whole lot of philosophy too.
The word has many meanings in mathematics, most of them quite vague.
One general way of describing what quantization is for a mathematician is the following: you have your favorite object $X$, and you find that there is a family of other objects $X_q$ parametrized by a parameter $q$ which varies in some set (or is only a 'formal parameter' in the way that the variable in a polynomial ring is 'formally' an element in a over-ring of the coefficient ring) such that for a special value $q_0$ of the parameter $q$, or, in the 'formal' case, when the parameter degenerates in some specific way, you have that $X_{q_0}$ is your original favorite $X$, and if the objects $X_q$ are in some sense (more) non-commutative than $X$, one says that the family $X_q$ is a quantization of $X$.
Very vague, I know. And this is only interesting if both your $X$ is interesting, if the $X_q$ themselves are interesting, and if there is some connection between the two.
For example, integer numbers are undeniably interesting objects, and they have a 'quantization', given by the (one of the couple of) usual quantum integers where this is very visible.
The thing is, usually, starting from some interesting $X$, there are really not very many ways in which you can do this. For example, if you start with an enveloging algebra of a simple Lie algebra over $\mathbb C$, then there is just one way to do this (up to the appropriate way of ignoring that there are really many ways to do this)
There are some good long answers already, so I'm going to try to give as short an answer as possible.
A quantization of $X$ is some $X_\hbar$ depending on a parameter $\hbar$ (occasionally $q=e^\hbar$ instead) such that $X=X_0$ and $X_\hbar$ is generically "less commutative" than $X$. This is by analogy with quantum physics where $X_0$ is classical physics and $\hbar$ measures the failure of position and momentum to commute.
In mathematics, quantization often refers to some kind of deformation of a classical object. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle says that the position and momentum operators do not commute. In fact, $[X,P]=i\hbar$. In the limit as $\hbar\to 0$, these operators commute once again. Technically speaking, this is nonsense as $\hbar$ is a universal constant, but in mathematics, we are free to play with parameters. A couple of examples include:
As a physicist who has taken a bunch of Quantum Mechanics and Solid State physics, when we say "quantize your system" it means:
You set up your classical Lagrangian $L$ (in terms of kinetic $K$ and potential $U$ energy), given generalized coordinates $q_i,p_i$ (usually position and momentum, but could also be angles and angular velocity). You then take the Hamiltonian $H$ of that system, which in most cases becomes $H=K+U$. This is all in terms of your generalized coordinates.
Once that is done, "quantizing" the system (or your variables) means to simply set $[q_i,p_j]=i\hbar \delta_{ij}$. The quantum mechanics is now in effect. This is known as $\textit{canonical quantization}$.
Quantum Field Theory is a perturbation to Quantum Mechanics, where you perform a second quantization. For instance, in using electrodynamics in quantum mechanics you simply quantize the atomic-motion (which interacts with the $\textbf{E}$-field); this is the "semiclassical approach". Second quantization further quantizes this electromagnetic field, so that now the light and the atom both have discrete structures.
Given a theory, described by an action $S(\phi)$ with field $\phi \in \mathcal{P}$, where $\mathcal{P}$ is usually the set of sections of a bundle over some manifold $M$. The action admits $\mathcal{G}$ a set of gauge symmetries, $\phi \rightarrow \phi'$ such that $S(\phi) = S(\phi')$.
One has quantized this theory when one has calculated, or has an algorithm that can calculate
$\int_{\mathcal{P} / \mathcal{G}} \mathcal{O}(\phi) e^{iS(\phi)/\hbar} \mathcal{D}\phi$
for any function $\mathcal{O}(\phi)$ on $\mathcal{P} / \mathcal{G}$.
In the case of quantum field theory $\mathcal{D}\phi$ is usually ill-defined and the integral usually diverges. However, for a certain class of theories, so-called renormalizable theories, one can, more-or-less, make sense of this integral.
An excellent treatment of perturbative renormalization, from a mathematical point-of-view, is found in Kevin Costello's soon to be published book, Renormalization and effective field theory.
A very basic answer: think about the classical Hamiltonian, $$ a(x,\xi)=\vert \xi\vert^2-\frac{\kappa}{\vert x\vert},\quad \text{$\kappa>0$ parameter}. $$ The classical motion is described by the integral curves of the Hamiltonian vector field of $a$, $$ \dot x=\frac{\partial a}{\partial\xi},\quad \dot \xi=-\frac{\partial a}{\partial x}. $$ The attempt of describing the motion of an electron around a proton by classical mechanics leads to the study of the previous integral curves and is extremely unstable since the function $a$ is unbounded from below. If classical mechanics were governing atomic motion, matter would not exist, or would be so unstable that could not sustain its observed structure for a long time, with electrons collapsing onto the nucleus.
Now, you change the perspective and you decide, quite arbitrarily that atomic motion will be governed by the spectral theory of the quantization of $a$, i.e. by the selfadjoint operator $$ -\Delta-\frac{\kappa}{\vert x\vert}=A. $$ It turns out that the spectrum of that operator is bounded from below by some fixed negative constant, and this a way to explain stability of matter. Moreover the eigenvalues of $A$ are describing with an astonishing accuracy the levels of energy of an electron around a proton (hydrogen atom).
My point is that, although quantization has many various mathematical interpretations, its success is linked to a striking physical phenomenon: matter is existing with some stability and no explanation of that fact has a classical mechanics interpretation. The atomic mechanics should be revisited, and quantization is quite surprisingly providing a rather satisfactory answer. For physicists, it remains a violence that so refined mathematical objects (unbounded operators acting on - necessarily - infinite dimensional space) have so many things to say about nature. It's not only Einstein's "God does not play dice", but also Feynman's "Nobody understands Quantum Mechanics" or Wigner's "Unreasonable effectiveness of Mathematics."
I'm gonna be a bit more down to earth and cover the basics of Weyl quantization (in units where $\hbar = 1$)...
The Hamiltonian is typically introduced first: starting from the de Broglie relation $p = k$ and the Einstein-Planck relation $E = \omega$ we can regard the (Weyl) correspondence principle heuristically as arising by viewing Fourier analysis through the lens of spectral theory for self-adjoint operators: i.e., we have
$p \rightarrow -i\partial_x, \quad H \rightarrow i\partial_t$
which leads immediately to the Schrödinger equation, in which the energy levels are associated with eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian. The Euclidean version is obtained by a Wick rotation:
$t = -i\tau \Rightarrow \partial_t = \partial_{-i\tau} = i\partial_\tau \Rightarrow H \rightarrow -\partial_\tau.$
The time evolution operator encoding the dynamics is just $U(t) = e^{-iHt}$. The rest is details or field theory.
Here is a link to an article on quantization in physics:
The article contains links to other articles on quantization including cananonical quantization and geometric quantization, and weyl quantization. quantization involves converting classical fields to operators acting on quantum states of the field theory.

subset: commoncrawl


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|Authors Name
|Dawson, Charlie
|Doumkos, Terry
|Farley, Hugh
|Georgia Institute of Technology. Enterprise Innovation Institute
|Georgia Tech Procurement Assistance Center
|Hansen, Jake
|Kelkenberg, Kelvin J.
|Navesky, Peter
|Reddy, Shyam
|Schadl, Chuck
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Now showing items 1-14 of 14


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9 Warm Weather DIY Hair and Skin Care Recipes
Be a natural beauty this spring/summer by whipping up these homemade beauty products
1 teaspoon grated cocoa butter
1 teaspoon coconut oil
1 teaspoon macadamia nut oil
1 teaspoon light sesame oil
1/8 teaspoon vitamin E oil
*Yields: 1/2 ounce
Directions: Place all ingredients in a heat-resistant container and warm up the mixture in the microwave or in a hot, but not boiling water bath until the cocoa butter and coconut oil are melted. Then, stir mixture well and pour into something like a lip gloss container or small plastic box. Allow the mixture to cool completely. This gloss can be worn under or over a colored lipstick or stain. Store in a cool, dry place.
Recipe courtesy of: Janice Cox
SEE NEXT PAGE: Gentle Eye Makeup Remover
Older comments
i will be using these super soon yay!
by rayshaviolet Saturday, March 9, 2013 at 04:41PM Report as inappropriate
can't wait for it to warm up so I can try this
by LittleBunny Monday, February 4, 2013 at 09:29AM Report as inappropriate
by EricaF123 Friday, December 28, 2012 at 05:18PM Report as inappropriate
love this
by aishak55 Sunday, December 23, 2012 at 03:50PM Report as inappropriate
So nice,
by Ada87 Wednesday, October 10, 2012 at 02:21AM Report as inappropriate
love this!
by michellefuentes Saturday, September 1, 2012 at 06:03PM Report as inappropriate
Great recipes! I'll have to try the hair mask...
by WiccanLady Thursday, August 30, 2012 at 01:05PM Report as inappropriate
I have just started to use natural methods for hair and body. I feel it will be much healtier for me this way since I know what I'm putting on me.
by tami80 Wednesday, August 29, 2012 at 07:39AM Report as inappropriate
I could not find a source for many of the oils in the island lip gloss. sigh
by tami80 Wednesday, August 29, 2012 at 07:18AM Report as inappropriate
i just use ice cube and rub it around my face to replace toner. it work really well for hot country like Malaysia.
by hazr_rayn_hashim Wednesday, August 29, 2012 at 06:39AM Report as inappropriate
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- Who was the First Lady-elect wearing? Narciso Rodriguez. [Style.com]
- Marc Jacobs cancels his annual holiday costume party (this year was "Rock and Roll Circus")in deference to the economy. Last year he went as a camel toe. [ElleUK]
- Following the success of its Go!International collection, which features emerging…


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Currently, Skeptics' Area51 page claims that:
committed users
241 users committed
4.6% signed up for beta
0% fulfilled commitment
173 users followed
1.7% signed up for beta
That does not add up. There are 127 registered users on Skeptics. Even if you remove the users who did not commit (Jeff, Rebecca, Geoff, etc.), you still end up with far more than the tiny portion of users who allegedly signed up for beta.
It doesn't look like it's a problem of simply outdated information. Yesterday, around this time of the day, there were at least 107 registered users. So, unless it's not updated daily, that can't be the problem. Moreover, if it's updated daily at 0 UTC like practically everything else in SEN, then it should be off by only two users (only Trish Hann and Dori signed up for beta since yesterday).


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DenimBlog.com › Blog › Celebs in Jeans › P. Diddy in Double Denim
We would like to thank the following sponsors who support us in bringing you all the celebrity denim news you love.
P. Diddy in Double Denim
Kalenna, Diddy, and Dawn Richard of Dirty Money perform on ABC's "Good Morning America" at Rumsey Playfield, Central Park in New York City. P. Diddy wears the double denim trend and it looks like Kalenna is wearing a denim corset and denim hotpants. I chuckle to myself when I type "hotpants", you just gotta love the name of those hehehe.
Images Courtesy of Wireimage


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What Is Christian Persecution?
Jesus told His disciples: "Remember the word that I said to you: 'A servant is not greater than his master.' If they persecuted me, they will also persecute you" (John 15:20). He promised that if we follow Him, we will …Read More
What the Future Holds
"Religion in America takes no direct part in the government of society, but it must be regarded as the first of their political institutions; for if it does not impart a taste for freedom, it facilitates the use of it." …Read More
And Now You Know the Rest of the Story
The late radio broadcaster Paul Harvey was famous for telling stories of little-known facts about a range of topics that were fascinating to learn about. (Did you know that Fidel Castro, as a twelve-year-old boy, wrote to newly elected President …Read More
Answering from the Word
Apologetics has been broadly defined as the vindication of the Christian philosophy of life against the various forms of the non-Christian philosophy of life. This definition pairs well with the practical admonition given by the apostle Peter to "always [be] …Read More
The Dawn of Reformation
The brightest object in the sky, after the sun and moon, is the morning star. It appears about an hour before dawn. John Wycliffe (c. 1330-84) is often called the "Morning Star of the Reformation," and for good reason, for …Read More
Family Values
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The Goose
"If he were prophetic, he must have meant Martin Luther, who shone about a hundred years after." So wrote John Foxe in his sixteenth-century Book of Martyrs, referring to a statement attributed to the Bohemian reformer Jan Hus on the …Read More
Instead of Worrying
"What? Me Worry?" Those of us who are old enough remember Alfred E. Neumann's mindless approach to worry. Similarly, Bobby McFerrin's smash hit "Don't Worry Be Happy" resonated with millions of people who just hoped that it could be that …Read More
Ministry in the Capital: An Interview with Mark Dever
Tabletalk: How did Capitol Hill Baptist Church begin, and how were you called to minister there? Mark Dever: In 1867, Celestia Ferris, chief washer-woman at the Bureau of Engraving, started a prayer meeting on Capitol Hill. By 1876, this prayer …Read More
Setting the Stage
Of all the centuries of church history, the fifteenth century is one of the most pitiable. In popular imagination, it is a bridge between the medieval and the Reformation worlds. And while it may be important for the journey, few …Read More


text:
"If $U$ is an open subset of the complex plane, then matrices $X\in\textrm{M}(n,\mathbb C)$ all of whose eigenvalues belong to $U$ make up an open subset of $\textrm{M}(n,\mathbb C)$." Trying to prove this by using the argument principle, I was led to the following question: do approximately the same polynomials have approximately the same roots? More precisely, fix a complex polynomial $p(z)=a_0+a_1 z+\ldots+a_n z^n$ with $a_n\neq 0$. Let us say that a polynomial $q(z)=b_0+b_1 z+\ldots+b_n z^n$ is in the $\varepsilon$-neighborhood of $p(z)$ if $|b_i-a_i|<\varepsilon$ for all $0\leq i\leq n$. Now suppose all roots of $p(z)$ lie in, say, the open unit disk. Does $p(z)$ have an $\varepsilon$-neighborhood consisting of polynomials with the same property?
closed as too localized by quid, Dmitri Pavlov, Chris Godsil, Qiaochu Yuan, Felipe Voloch Aug 4 '12 at 18:53
This question is unlikely to help any future visitors; it is only relevant to a small geographic area, a specific moment in time, or an extraordinarily narrow situation that is not generally applicable to the worldwide audience of the internet. For help making this question more broadly applicable, visit the help center.If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
I think so, yes. Suppose all the roots lie inside the unit disc. By compactness $|p(z)|$ takes a positive minimum $\delta$ on the contour (the unit circle). For $q(z)$ in the epsilon-neighbourhood, $q(z)-p(z)$ is a polynomial with epsilon coefficients, so we can take epsilon small enough so that on the contour $|q(z)-p(z)|<\delta<|p(z)|$. Then appeal to Rouché's theorem to learn that $p(z)$ and $q(z)$ have the same number of zeros in the region.
The question about matrices is analyzed to death in Kato's "perturbation theory of linear operators", chapters 1 and 2. The question in the title than is answered (in the affirmative by associating to each polynomial its companion matrix. Note that the roots depend analytically on the coefficients when they are all distinct, but only $C^0$ when there are multiple roots.
For the headline question, no. See, for example, Wilkinson's polynomial: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilkinson's_polynomial.
Edit: From the response to this answer, it seems that some expansion is needed. The OP asks two questions. In the the title, and repeated in the text, the question is: Do approximately the same polynomials have approximately the same roots? The answer to this question is no, as Wilkinson shows with his monic degree-20 polynomial, which has well separated roots of moderate size, namely the integers 1 to 20. A decrement of $2^{-23}$ in the coefficient of the degree-19 term (which is $-210$)---a proportional change of less than 1 in 1.7 billion---induces substantial changes in the roots: for example, the root pair $16.5\pm 0.5$ becomes the root pair $16.73024\pm 2.81262\mathrm i$ (to 5 d.p.). The second question asked by the OP is whether the coefficients-to-roots map is continuous, which was already answered (affirmatively) by others.


text: It's obvious that you guys are having a blast with the kitty series that I am doing on Dragoart. At first I made a tutorial on Pikakitty or Pikachu Kitty, and then I went ahead and did Charizard Kitty. Today I will be showing you guys the ins and outs to making another kitty related Pokémon character. Here is "how to draw Bulbasaur kitty", step by step. If you joined me Live yesterday you were amongst the many that had a blast as I made magic happen right before your eyes. I am so happy that you will all be having fun as you tackle the task of drawing Bulbasaur kitty. I will be back with some more awesomeness so be sure to stick around guys because you don't want to miss what comes up next. Peace out and enjoy!


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The rest of the (energy) story
In his Feb. 4 letter, "State's approach to clean energy is bearing fruit," Dan Esty, commissioner of the state Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, responded to The Sunday Republican's Jan. 27 editorial, "An agenda for reliable energy." The newspaper called on DEEP to "... discard needless and even counterproductive mandates related to renewable energy."
In rebuttal, Mr. Esty wrote: "In fact, we are taking a very realistic approach to the use of renewable energy." Furthermore, "... we have seen a major increase in the use of clean energy in the state, while at the same time getting this clean energy deployed at some of the lowest costs in the country."
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This may be a simple question, but I can't make it out right now.
Let $M$ be a monoid, and $g_1, \ldots, g_n \in M$ be elements of finite order in $M$. Is $\langle g_1, \ldots, g_n \rangle$ periodic (i.e, have all its elements of finite order)?
The monoid I'm interested in is the multiplicative monoid of $n \times n$ matrices over $\mathbb{N}$.


text:
Need to prove this :
Let $a$ element in $\mathbb Z_n$ , then $a$ is the generator of group $(\mathbb Z_n,+)$ iff $\gcd(a,n)=1$
Have no idea how to prove this, would appreciate some guidance.
Need to prove this :
Have no idea how to prove this, would appreciate some guidance.
For the harder direction, consider the group elements $1\cdot a$, $2\cdot a$. and so on up to $n\cdot a$. Here $k\cdot a$ is an abbreviation for $a+a+\cdots +a$ ($k$ times).
If $1\le x\lt y \le n$, then $x\cdot a$ and $y\cdot a$ are distinct elements of our group. For suppose to the contrary that $x\cdot a\equiv y\cdot a\pmod{n}$. Then $n$ divides $(y-x)\cdot a$. But $n$ and $a$ are relatively prime, so $n$ divides $y-x$. This is impossible, since $1\le y-x\le n-1$.
Thus the objects $1\cdot a$, and so on up to $n\cdot a$ are distinct elements of our group. But the list has length $n$, so these must be all the elements of our group. This shows that $a$ is a generator of our group.
Hint: if $a$ generates the group then $\bar 1$ should be obtained from $a$. But what does this mean in terms of congruence $\pmod n$?
Hint: $n$ and $m$ are relatively primes iff there exist integers $u$ and $v$ such that $un+vm=1$.
Just a useful theorem which generalizes your question:
Here you are looking for thoes elements which generate whole group. And we know that all elements in $\mathbb Z_n$ are as $a^s$ for some $s$ wherein $a$ is the generator of $\mathbb Z_n$. If we take $a=1$ when $$\mathbb Z_n=\{0,1,2,...,n-1\}$$ then $x=s.1$ will generate whole group, according to above theorem, if $(s,n)=1$. This is what you want and other answers tell.


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In Ubuntu 12.04 and newer, hibernation has been disabled by default in policykit. How can I enable this back?
If this answer does not work in Ubuntu 13.10, see here for an alternative answer
You can follow official documentation here. Hibernation was disabled on 12.04 for machines that are not certified with Ubuntu.
In order to enable hibernation you need to test whether it works correctly by running
To do so, start editing:
Fill it with this:
Or in 14.04 and later:
Save by pressing Ctrl-O then enter and then exit nano by pressing Ctrl-X.
Restart and hibernation is back!
Or run
Some users will then need to run
Additionally, for those who want to disable the suspend button (for various reasons), proceed analogously...
Choose any file name, but this is one is verbose/convention:
Fill it with this:
Ctrl+O, Enter, Ctrl+X
No need to restart, it should be gone as soon as you go into the shutdown menu.
First you need to test your machine supports hibernation. Test it with the command:
Ubuntu 16.04
For enabling in the interface you'll need to run
Ubuntu 14.04 and 15.04
For enabling in the interface you'll need to run
It has several stanzas as you might have multiple users (so that is doesn´t depend of multiple-users or upower as manager instead of login1)
One more thing:
When you want to add the hibernation option to XFCE's panel, you have to right-click your name (topright) and select
After that a screen pops up:
Make sure, you check Hibernate like I did.
First, I do recommend that you test if your laptop supports hibernation, because the reason why hibernation is disabled by default is because it sometimes has fatal results on some machines. Test your machine by
Ctrl+Alt+T and then
Your machine should hibernate. Wake your machine up after hibernation and observe if it misbehaves or if it acts normally. If you experience any abnormality after the hibernation, then I advise you don't continue with the following procedure. However, if it works just fine, continue to activate hibernation by
Edit the opened file and add this lines:
After this, restart your machine, and upon login, you should see a hibernation option on the top right settings corner.
If the response with
And try to use TuxOnIce.
First ensure you have enough of swap. It should be the same size or bigger as the amount of your RAM. Use command
rule Swap > Mem. If this is not the case, enlarge your swap size. Then install TuxOnIce by
Then you can try to do a hibernate test run by:
Do not forget to save your work before you do it.
If all went fine, your computer will switch off. After switching it on, you will get your desktop in the state you left in it before hibernation.
A simple command which does the exact same thing as the accepted answer except non-interactively:
I have translated above answers to
Note: Do not forget to
protected by Community♦ Apr 29 '12 at 10:22
Thank you for your interest in this question.
Because it has attracted low-quality or spam answers that had to be removed, posting an answer now requires 10 reputation on this site (the association bonus does not count).
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text:
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text:
Two men arrested on charges they conspired to kill a southern Kentucky woman have pleaded not guilty.
WLEX reports 21-year-old Antonio A. Turner and 19-year-old Joseph Denning entered the pleas at their arraignment Thursday.
State police say the pair is charged with conspiracy to commit murder, complicity to commit robbery and unlawful imprisonment. Another suspect, Timothy Prater, was arrested last week.
Police have said that neighbors likely saved the life of the McCreary County woman, who was attacked as she tried to get into her vehicle by three men wearing military-style fatigues. When the neighbors refused to leave, the men drove off.
Police have said the woman who they think hired the men was found dead last week from an apparent self-inflicted gunshot wound.


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text:
User Comments for Week 12 RB Rankings
How is Beanie Wells not on this list at all? Both he and his coach are expecting him to start this week.
cinbungler 11/21/12 06:02 AM
Who should i bench? CJ Spiller, Jamaal Charles, or LeSean McCoy???
thomasjohnson1932 11/21/12 03:10 PM
I would sit spiller, guys pick 2, Chris Johnson, marcel Reece, Alfred Morris in a ppr league
Diesel0332 11/21/12 05:47 PM
Where is Beanie Wells? He's not on their injured list or their point list. Is he playing a different position I don't know about?
craigzy 11/21/12 05:49 PM
Ty Hilton or Parmelee in PPR league
Hgriff1 11/21/12 08:56 PM
Mikel LeShoure or Darren Sproules? Also have Doug Martin......not sure
debprice 11/21/12 09:57 PM
Is Ballard worth a waiver pick up? I have A. Foster, Ridley, Murray and A. Brown.
train7264 11/21/12 11:09 PM
Diesel go Cj and reece...deb sproles ppr and mikel standard
moonwalker31 11/22/12 02:09 AM
Reggie Bush, Matt Forte, Fred Jackson or Ryan Mathews. Need two. Thanks
tmtaz 11/22/12 09:58 AM
Who do I start in a PPR league? Reece or Charles?
johnso59 11/25/12 11:15 AM
Forte vs Reece?
Conventional wisdom says to go with the established performer, however Reece seems to have a better matchup. Thoughts?
Tchaka 11/25/12 12:51 PM


text:
Hi everyone,
I am looking for some ideas (or references) in order to get an explicit SDE (if it exists) which would have a stylised property extending in some sense the mean-reversion property of SDE of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type.
More formally, is it possible to have a $n$-means reverting process defined by an SDE ?
I imagine this SDE would have the form like $dS_t=f_1(S_t,t)dt+...+f_n(S_t,t)dt+\sigma dW_t$
where $f_i$'s are such that if $S_t$ is closed to i-th mean $m_i$ then it stays closed to this point with high probability.
I am sorry to not define the necessary concepts more clearly but as I am only looking for ideas (or refernces) on this, I rather define some intuitive concept than a fully formal framework in order not to close any possibility.
Thank's for the time spend reading those lines
PS : I would like to avoid the n states regime switching technology if possible


text:
When the Torah commands the establishment of cities of refuge in Eretz Yisra'el to protect accidental murderers from vengeful relatives it states that the three cities must be evenly placed (וְשִׁלַּשְׁתָּ) to maximize the population's access to them. A couple sentences later it says that when the borders of the land are expanded, three more cities should be added to this set of three. When the borders did expand, were the original three repositioned to maximize their centralization in the larger area?
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When the Jews conquered Canaan, they were effectively fulfilling God's promise as described in Devarim 7:1 by the destruction of the seven nations listed there.
However, in His promise to Avraham, ten nations are specified (Bereshis 16:19-21). Traditionally, the extra three nations' demise are believed to be referring not to the time of Yehoshua's conquering of the land, but to the Messianic era.
Ramban believes that this is what is meant by "ואם ירחיב יהוה אלהיך את גבלך כאשר נשבע לאבתיך", that is, the conquering of those three nations in the times of Mashiach, or in Ramban's language, "יורה על כל הימים העתידים לבוא".
As Ramban is not entirely clear there with his intention, I'll include Abarbanel's explanation of his interpretation, which is much clearer (in my opinion):


text:
BBA 2007 (Finance)
MBA 2011 (Corporate Finance)
Full-time MBA, Finance
Jared Marks made the most of his summer internship opportunity at Ford Motor Company in Dearborn, Mich. His hard work, ambition, and enthusiasm paid off when Ford offered Jared a full-time position as a financial analyst in the Career Foundation Program.
Jared graduated with a BBA degree in finance from the University of Iowa in 2007. Upon graduation, he worked in the finance development program at HNI, the second-largest office furniture manufacturer in the world. He served as associate product business manager at The HON Company, HNI's largest operating company, prior to returning to the University of Iowa for the Full-time MBA Program, where he graduated from in 2011.
Jared gave us an update on his current position at Ford Motor Credit Company, and explained how Tippie hleped him get there.
What was your biggest takeaway from your Tippie experience?
I approach problems in a different light, from a different direction. I am more away of the big picture as I am working on my day-to-day tasks, and more aware of how my actions can have an impact on the profitability of the business. I think the greatest gift Tippie has given me is the confidence to succeed in corporate America. I am more confident working with others, and I feel my opinion and my ideas add value to discussions at work. My Tippie MBA has put me in control of my own career, and I couldn't be happier about where I am today.
Where has your Tippie MBA taken you in your career?
My internship with Ford Motor Credit Company provided exposure to senior management and opportunities to learn more about the auto industry. I also gained some important life lessons during my internship. My audit supervisor was an ideal role model and helped me to strengthen my professionalism and communication skills. These lessons I will take with me everywhere.
I accepted a full-time position at Ford Motor Credit Company, and my title is operating cost analyst. My position is part of the Career Foundations Program for business college graduates. My primary duties include supporting the operations departments with their expense forecasting, evaluating lease vs. buy decisions based on the lease terms, borrowing rates, depreciation, and overall cash flow, and actively supporting the board of project management.
Which functional areas do you get to work with at Ford?
I primarily support five different operations departments: Canada Sales and Marketing, U.S. Sales and Marketing, and North America IT. The sales team works directly with dealers as profitability consultants, while incentivizing and steering dealers in directions the company envisions. Marketing produces the national ad campaigns you see for leasing and financing a Ford vehicle through Ford Credit. IT has one of the largest budgets of all of Ford Credit, supporting the network, building the infrastructure, and developing the latest and greatest the industry has to offer. Digital Mobile is a hot topic in the automotive world, as it is in many other industries.
My department supports the SG&A of Ford Credit. We are actively striving to reduce the operating cost ratio to support Ford's goal of returning to investment grade debt.


text:
The Nebraska City girls' and boys' soccer teams competed at separate sites on Tuesday with the Pioneer girls' team topping Auburn at home and the Pioneer boys' falling at Lincoln Lutheran.
Tuesday's win by the Nebraska City girls' team was its second of the season. Nebraska City, 2-8, will compete next week in the Eastern Midlands Conference tournament.
The Pioneer boys' team, 2-7, will play at the Omaha South tourney beginning Thursday before competing in the Eastern Midlands Conference tourney next week.
Location, ST | website.com


text:
No Wrong Door Training Day
Free "No Wrong Door" Training DayThe New Jersey Coalition Against Sexual Assault is hosting a full day of training on providing services to survivors of sexual violence with developmental, intellectual, or other disabilities. Workshop presenters will include Beverly Frantz, PhD, of Temple University; Sarah Zesski of NJCBW; and Jessica Oppenheim of The Arc of New Jersey. Sexual violence program staff and all professionals who serve people with disabilities are encouraged to attend for cross-training and important conversations. FREE!The goal of No Wrong Door NJ is that survivors of sexual and domestic violence will be treated with dignity and respect through a seamless, integrated system where they will receive timely, appropriate and sufficient services regardless of whether they access services at victim services programs or at disability programs.Date: October 21, 2013 Time: Sign-in starts at 9am. Trainings from 10am to 4pm. Fee: Free, but advanced registration is required. Location: At the Middlesex County Fire Academy at 1001 Fire Academy Dr, Sayreville, NJ 08872 Register at http://www.njcasa.org/education-training/training-institute#nwdQuestions? Please call Margaret Mikkelsen at 609-631-4450, ext 1208.


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text:
I have Ubuntu on my laptop. Now I want install Windows 7 in a dual-boot. How can I do this?
I can't lose my Ubuntu files, and I'm afraid that I might break GRUB.
I have Ubuntu on my laptop. Now I want install Windows 7 in a dual-boot. How can I do this?
I can't lose my Ubuntu files, and I'm afraid that I might break GRUB.
Here's the general outline:
Step One – Make space for Windows
Open up GParted, and make sure that you have at least 20 GB available for Windows 7, either as a partition you can remove, or as unpartitioned space. If it's a partition, remove it from GRUB to make sure it doesn't break your Ubuntu install — GParted will complain if anything bad is about to happen.
Make note of current
Step Two – Install Windows
Install Windows 7 into the space you just made
Step Three – Mount
Also, make sure you backup your important data before doing anything. – evgeny Oct 12 '10 at 7:43
Best unsver! Big thanks! – Sk8er Oct 12 '10 at 9:15
At least in Ubuntu 10.10,
grub-pc is included on the live CD (so you can skip the line
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install grub-pc).
– Matthew Pirocchi
Dec 31 '10 at 4:02
i am getting an error while executing: sudo grub-setup /dev/sda grub-setup: error: cannot stat /boot/grub/ Can you tell me where I am going wrong? – user11105 Feb 19 '11 at 13:34
Did exactly as shown here, but did not work for Ubuntu 14.04. After invoking grub-install, Ubuntu automatically boots, no GRUB boot menu shown. The method shown below (Peachy's answer), however, worked (
– Jan-Philip Gehrcke
Jul 8 '14 at 0:49
Installing Windows after Ubuntu is not the recommended process for a dual boot Windows and Ubuntu system, but it is possible.
boot-repair did a really good job launched from a live-usb, by just applying the recommended option.
When you boot have you checked the boot order on your BIOS? If you're booting straight to the hard drive it will always miss the USB. You need to move the USB device boot option higher in the priority list.
Also check that your computer allows you to boot from USB in the USB port you are using.
To install Windows you need an empty partition that will be dedicated to Windows. If you do, then go ahead and install on this using the normal installation procedure. After installation, reboot into Windows and reboot a few times more to experience Windows ;-) (sorry, couldn't resist)
Like you said, this will break GRUB and your computer can only boot Windows after this. Do not despair, as there is a help section dedicated to restoring GRUB and being able to dual boot. Look here. After performing this, your computer will be able to boot Ubuntu as well as Windows.
Before you start, very very carefully note down the location (hard drive number, make & partition number within that) of the current Ubuntu install (which you don't obviously want to overwrite) and the empty partition in which you want to install windows. Also, during Windows installation, if it offers to format any partition other than the one you are installing Windows into, please do not accept.
First, you have to boot with a live CD/USB stick and shrink your partition in order to create a second one. Windows 7 requires and creates a second partition which is called "system reserved". I don't know why, but it does. (So you will end up with three partitions or four if you have a swap partition.)
When your partition is ready, just boot with your Windows 7 DVD/USB stick and install Windows 7 on the new partition.
When Windows 7 has been installed, GRUB will break and you will only be able to boot Windows (automatically). Just boot with a live Ubuntu CD/USB stick and fix it (how it is mentioned in other comments).
Now another issue that some users may face:
I own an HP Mini 210 netbook which came with Windows 7. I erased everything and installed Ubuntu. Later on I decided to also reinstall Windows 7 and have a dual boot (needed Windows for a specific application from my university which wouldn't run through wine). At that time I had three partitions:
Now when I tried to install Windows 7 I faced a problem because Windows 7 needs to create a second primary partition (system reserved). I already had three partitions and therefore was unable to create two more. The workaround here is to create an extended partition in which you will include both swap and backup storage. Now I have:
In case your computer came with a pre-installed copy of Windows 8 and you removed it because to many people told you to hate it and you found that after you installed Ubuntu, that it isn't what you want, note this:
Your computer boots with UEFI and has a GPT partition table.
For installing Windows 7, either create and boot the Windows 7 installation media in UEFI-mode or set boot-mode and partition table to legacy.
The most save way is to install Windows 7 first and to reinstall Ubuntu after that. This will ensure that grub works.
You can also edit your partitions with a live cd, and then install Windows 7. When you have done this you boot into Ubuntu with a live cd and restore grub. This procedure however, is a bit more delicate than just installing them in the right order.
One good advice: When you make the separate partition for Windows 7, using gparted for example, format it to the NTFS right away. Do not use Windows installer to format the partition, because several times I had a situation, when the Windows installer corrupted the partition table after that and I had to restore the lost partition. So, as the people recommended here: using gparted, create separate partition, format it to the ntfs, install windows there, then restore grub using livecd or liveflash. You can use the SystemResqueCD for liveflash.
I suggest you virtualize Windows 7 with something like VirtualBox (http://www.virtualbox.org)
This way you can run Windows and Linux at the same time, without the chance of destroying you Bootloader Grub.
I don't know why you want to run Windows 7, but if you don't need the full hardware capacity (Running the Latest 3D Games for example) of your computer for windows then virtualization can be a good solution.
Boot that USB
Installing windows after ubuntu is a pain but after you do this you'll need to put in your ubuntu live cd and install boot-repair and run that. Becouse installing win7 after ubuntu will break grub. But, boot-repair will remedy that!
Its a easy process to install dual OS. 1st create a NTFS partition from Ubuntu using Disk Utility. Then restart your system and continue with your windows installing. After finishing installing you can see that your GRUB is not working..... NOT A PROBLEM. I have two method to fix this GRUB problem.
[Method 2] It may be bit difficult. Don't worry i have also a easy one. For that you have to login into windows. Download EasyBCD and run it. Go to Edit Boot Menu and set your desired boot option as default. Then save it and reboot your system. [Tested under windows].
Please let me know if you stack in something.
Basically the same answer as @evgeny, but using
Thank you for your interest in this question.
Because it has attracted low-quality or spam answers that had to be removed, posting an answer now requires 10 reputation on this site (the association bonus does not count).
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text:
Possible Duplicate:
Why lagrangian is negative number?
In the special relativistic action for a massive point particle, $$\int_{t_i}^{t_f}\mathcal {L}dt,$$ where the Lagrangian $$\mathcal {L}=-E_o\gamma^{-1}$$ is a negative number then the action is a negative or positive number?
(in my research it was negative, the result was correct but minus sign make me to ask this question)


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Is Playing games as in Lumosity.com really effective. Can that boost my attention span, concentration skills? How else can it benefit me?
I have tracked my own progress daily on a bunch of different games (jigzone, crosswords, etc.)
Not to mention my daily SO "training" ;)
Hmm... It's certainly got a lot more going for it than normal "Improve-you-Brain!" promises - they've embraced science as a marketing tool http://www.lumosity.com/documents/the_science_behind_lumosity.pdf talks about control groups and p values and that's very nice...
Your best bet for information is Nature - who we can consider to be pretty authoritative on most things. In http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v465/n7299/full/nature09042.html?lang=en they go into the problem of 'brain training' in detail (not lumosity in particular, but all similar sites) and conclude.
Or to put it another way - people get better at playing the games, but this doesn't make any different to the rest of their life.


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I have a windows xp os, and I ve decided to give ubuntu a shot. I installed and It when rebooting it did boot by default windows. I red several forums and after entering those commands:
sudo mkdir /mnt/ubuntu
sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/ubuntu
sudo grub-install /dev/sda --root -directory=/mnt/ubuntu
after rebooting the system showed me the command grub. And I cannot get anywhere. I don t have a windows cd to fix anything. so how can I launch windows from this command grub?
Thanks... I am in a real mess.


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17 Oct 2012 4:08 AM #1
Sencha Architect crashes when project is reopened (corrupted project source?)
Sencha Architect won't open the project I have successfully working on yesterday. Until I closed SA everything was fine - no errors neither in SA nor in deployed JS generated. Then when I reopened the project next day, SA started to crash with an "unknown error":
Removing Sencha folder under my AppData\Local and reinstallation of SA don't help. Other projects (including earlier versions of that one) open fine. New projects can be also created and saved, only happens with particular project.
I'd say project source is corrupted (also I see no obvious errors in its JSONs myself), but no project files have been modified outside of SA, the development has been done entirely in SA. If they were corrupted, that was probably done by SA itself.
OS version: Windows 7 64bit
Sencha Architect version: 2.1.0.000640.
The problematic project archive is attached. 2012-10-16.xda (the problem is the same for the archive and for the imported project).
Thanks in advance and please feel free to ask for details if needed.
17 Oct 2012 7:05 AM #2
Noticed a couple of irregularities in project files, e.g. xds profject file and Application and Explorer metadata files were listing 'Folder' model which was actually renamed to TreeNode (for some reason renaming has been reflected while code worked fine in browser before I closed SA).
Editing that out didn't have any effect though.
17 Oct 2012 8:15 AM #3
I've reproduced the crash on Win7. Looking into itPhil Strong
17 Oct 2012 8:16 AM #4
Found the problem!
One of my stores I have converted from XML store into JSON store was still had {"type": "xmlstore"} in its metadata file while other properties were changed to JSON store one. So store type and properties didn't tally and project was crashing when opened.
There were other issues I've found with renamed entities, but only that one was fatal.
It looks like a HUGE problem to me Edits seem to be fine while the project is in memory and your application works properly, then you save the project and not all the edits you've done are actually stored.
17 Oct 2012 8:34 AM #5
Having "exportPath" property set to the path that doesn't exist seems also to crash SA on load.
Makes sharing projects between different developers a bit tricky, still is a minor issue comparing to that renaming one.
Another use case which I faced last week after renaming a function, think it's relevant - function's old and new body were both appearing with old body actually preferred during deployment.
Renaming issue.png
17 Oct 2012 8:45 AM #6
Sorry for spamming, but I have just open manually fixed project, saved it and closed.
It won't open again this time, perhaps again self-inflicted damages, this is ridiculous
17 Oct 2012 11:05 AM #7
Ok I've isolated it. The issue is very strange and is related to
MyViewport -> MyContainer -> ExplorerTreePanel
it has rootVisible set to false and is attached to a store in the project that doesn't load any data.
Why is it doing this ....? No idea as of yet.
The fix
open /metadata/MyViewport in your fav text editor
search for "itemId": "ExplorerTreePanel"
find "rootVisible": false just below it and remove it.
It might be that when you full vet your TreeNodesStore to have a data endpoint that this will no longer occur and you can again set rootVisible false
Hope this helps.Phil Strong
17 Oct 2012 11:19 AM #8
Thanks for your reply
I'm only starting with the product so my code is probably not following best practices. Empty store is there to access it later in runtime and populate it dynamically. It'd be better probably to create the store dynamically as well for that purpose, but that's easier for me at the moment.
I still consider that a bug because I believe it shouldn't be possible to make fatal changes to the project using the system itself and even not writing any code.
Also while looking through project source JSONs I discovered many other cases when renamed / transformed entities retained part of their properties from the previous version and part from the proper one (some of them I have posted above).
Sorry for my tone in the messages above, but that looked extremely strange to me. Is there an explanation by any chance or that is a system issue?
Thanks again for your help.
19 Oct 2012 6:12 AM #9
Oh no it's most certainly a bug. A Windows only bug that exists in QtWebKit which afaik we aren't patching anymore. We're moving to another platform as soon as it's feasible (it's under way now).Phil Strong
19 Oct 2012 6:26 AM #10
Thanks again for your help, and sorry for some ranting above, I was just extremely frustrated. Now when I know what to look for when I happens again it doesn't look that critical.