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The World Conference on Dialogue concluded its deliberations in Madrid, Spain today. Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz proposed the conference as part of his efforts to promote interfaith dialogue.
In a final statement known as the Madrid Declaration, participants highlighted the importance of dialogue in achieving mutual understanding and cooperation among religions and cultures. They called on the United Nations to convene a special session on dialogue as a follow-up to the conference.
Some 300 delegates from around the world – representing Islam, Judaism, Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, Shintoism and Confucianism – attended the three-day conference, which was organized by the Makkah-based Muslim World League (MWL).
In remarks today, MWL Secretary-General Abdullah Al-Turki said that conference participants engaged in serious, fruitful dialogue and displayed a genuine desire for interfaith cooperation.
King Abdullah opened the conference June 16 with a call for people of all faiths to embrace reconciliation, focus on their shared values and reject extremism.
In a July 16 statement, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon described the World Conference on Dialogue in Madrid as a symbol of unity among different faiths and expressed the hope that it would lead to commitment and action.
"There have been few periods in history when the need for dialogue among world religions has been greater. At a time of increasing divisions along cultural and confessional lines, faith communities have a crucial role to play in fostering mutual understanding and in promoting consensus on common values and aspirations," Ban said.
"It is important to note that many conflicts that appear to be rooted in religion often have their origins beyond the confines of faith. Indeed, political rivalries, territorial ambitions or competition for natural resources are fertile grounds for the emergence of violence. This unique gathering of religious leaders can help debunk the dangerous myth that religion, even when properly understood, inspires violence."
The gathering focused on four major themes: The importance of dialogue in human society; the foundations of religious and civilizational dialogue; the common human aspects in dialogue; and the evaluation and promotion of dialogue.


text: Teachers can pick and mix from our database of over 10,000 images and find curriculum related resources, for all key stages, to use or adapt for their pupils. NEW - Timeline ResourceThis interactive PowerPoint timeline covers the history of England from 100BC to 2000AD, providing an overall chronology with in depth examples and the ability to add your own local examples to the national story.Create your own worksheet or presentation! Go to any image - click on the thumbnail to get the medium sized image - select the 'Create' button above it to automatically drop the image into a ready-made template.

subset: commoncrawl


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Is a (camping & hunting) survival flint a must have? Can I survive without one?
Apologies but this has perplexed me for the last couple of weeks. Why does every camping and hunting flint that is posted get voted to the popular board in a matter of an hour? It's like these are going like hotcakes...Are there that many outdoors type people on this site that are in need of a flint? Am I missing out on something by not owning one? Should I own more than one? Are flints a really expensive item and there have just been some amazing deals on them lately? Are you all buying them in preparation for the end of the world or for survival after the plane crash (think ALIVE)?
26 Answers answer
Zombies hate sparks.
Here are just a few of the most recent popular ones...
@drunkcajun: Ohh it's a zombie disaster kit item. Makes some sense.
@jimmyd103: Correct, I'm just missing a light pair of running shoes and my escape bag is complete. As for the flints, they are a good, cheap 'what if' item to have in the car or first aid kit.
They sell so well because the price keeps getting slashed due to the impending release of Flint 2.0.
the most important survival tool is your own pee. drink it as often as possible
@loubriccant: Damn, that's a good one. Alas, it will only be replaced in 6 months by Firewire.
@drunkcajun: Firewire, brilliant.
Every thirty-something, slightly overweight, smartphone having American views the 'survival knife' as a key piece of equipment to have when the SHTF.
They pay no regard to the fact the blade itself is made of leaded jewelry slag and that they can grind on the flint until it is dust before they master the concept, but hey... they're prepped!
@loubriccant: Thanks, but with my luck, my teeth would blow up.
I sure hope you can. They're useful in relatively few circumstances, but they cost and weigh practically nothing and are a cool gadget to have around. Worth getting for most people because of that.
If you're ever trying to use one, the hardest part is getting the spark to stick. My advice is to bring a couple cotton balls; they'll catch the spark the first time and light right up.
If you're talking about surviving for a long time on minimal supplies, then yes, a flint is very handy to have. They can be very tricky though and take a lot of getting used to (if you want to actually make a fire instead of pretty lights). For the casual hiking/camping trip, however, it's best to use other means, and carry the flint as backup. (I personally like stormproof matches)
@rhodesbe I agree. A knife is a very versatile, easy-to-carry piece of equipment, but you should be sure to buy a quality one. Many knives listed as "survival" knives, well, aren't. If it's something that you want to last for an extended period of time, you'll probably want a stainless steal blade (so it doesn't corrode... if you want to spend more money, go with something like S30V) that's about 4-5 inches long and has enough heft to do some light chopping, but not so much that it can't easily be controlled. Also, be sure it's a full-tang with a solid handle (storage compartments sacrifice durability).
@cruelnv: Matches. My thought exactly!
@jimmyd103 But don't forget that matches will run out. ;)
... so instead just "survive" near a match factory. Clearly it's the best option...
@trahentis: this sounds gross, but if you are a camper or hiker the best thing you can do is to clean out your lent trap on your dryer. put it in a baggie with a good seal, and put a bunch of vasaline in it and work it around. just tiny pinch is enough to start a fire and it lights very easily. keep that in your pack double sealed and starting a fire is a piece of cake. you can also use the excess vasaline to seal any small cuts or abrasions, helping keep infection away.
@trahentis: Cotton balls with petroleum jelly on them or squirt hand sanitizer on them if you have it.
@ndcouch: Make sure it is cotton lint, synthetic lint tends to just sort of melt.
@rhodesbe: Use the back (spine) of the knife or the handy attached striker. I use a crap knife on these so I'm not worried about dulling the edge.
@ndcouch: Good call, hadn't thought of that, but I've seen something similar. Store that mixture in pieces of egg carton and you get a little more fuel with less mess. Or use wax (from those little cheeses) to get a slower burn.
@cruelnv: The deal with knives is that if you need to do any serious hacking, you won't want to be using your pocket knife (or whatever your preferred flavor). You can pick up a "pocket saw" for a couple bucks that's a bit slow, but incredibly light. For general application, Survivorman swears by Leathermans, but I just carry a 3" single-blade locking knife that serves me fine. Of course, my adventures have never involved dismantling a car in the desert...
@drunkcajun: Firewire? Did you mean detcord?
@xdavex: good point.
I usually just pry the slug out of any shell casing and use some gunpowder (a very small amount) cupped in a small scrap of paper and the fire starts right up. Any good survival/escape pack should have plenty of ammo for this. And a firearm.
^ or you could just shoot one of the sheeple and take his firestarter.
@xdavex: ever try a 9v and steel wool?
@kamikazeken: i always carry a gun when camping, but unfortunately, in SC if you're on state land that isn't designated for hunting, you can get the crap fined out of you
@ndcouch: not if you shoot the ranger.
I use a lighter for camping, the flint is for survival situations.
@rlapid2112: Yep, it makes a lot of smoke you probably don't want to breathe (sounds like a BlendTec video; "Wool smoke, don't breathe that."), but works very well.
I've made a lot of smoke using a bow and drill, but never a fire yet.


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Butler County 4-H Clubs met on October 8, 2013 for the Butler County 4-H Council Meeting. It was election night. Elections results for the 2013-14 4-H year are as follows: President, Faith Hadley (Heartland), Vice-President, Mandi Becker (Hickory Helpers), Secretary/Treasurer, Taylor Barlett (Purple Heart), Reporter, Timothy Johnson (El Dorado Boosters), Executive Boy, Kendall Cerney (Towanda Rustlers), Executive Girl, Bailey Reiswig (Flint Hills), Fair Board Representatives, Trevor Johnson (Lily Lake) and Danielle Chilcott (Hickory Helpers). Adult advisors include Myron Wilhite (Flint Hills) and Connie Chilcott (Hickory Helpers).
Butler County Achievement Night will be held November 2, 2013 at 3 p.m. Refreshments, hot and cold along with deserts will be served. The program begins at 3:30 p.m.
4-H Council will next meet on November 7th at 7:30 p.m. The Officer Training Committee will meet at 6:30 p.m., the Executive Committee will meet at 7:15 p.m. and the 4-H Day Committee will meet at 7 p.m.
Location, ST | website.com


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Dr. Safa Art Space Welcome to a short journey to my art and stories about each artwork. Let's explore the philosophy of life and discover the human mind through art. Also, together, we will enjoy a journey through different art arenas and different artists artworks.
Saatchi Art Gallery
Thursday, December 6, 2012
The Future
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text:
EDU 421 Student Teaching (used for Transition to Teach students only)
The purpose of this course is to bridge the gap in teacher education between theory and practice. It is a ten-week, full-time experience in classroom teaching at the secondary school level under the supervision of a public school teacher. Preliminary sessions in classroom management and other topics are required as well as capstone assessments. Used only for Transition to Teach candidates. This course is offered in the spring semester.
Credits: 2
Want to learn more? Schedule your campus visit


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Megadeth is scheduled to headline a show at the Orix Theater in Osaka, Japan on Tuesday, October 13. Tickets go on sale Saturday, September 5. Check the Killing Road for details or for more info, go to creativeman.co.jp.
Bateras 100% Brazil is a project conceived by drummer Dino Verdade, owner of the biggest drum school franchise in Brazil, Bateras Beat. On August 9, 2015 at Ibirapuera Park in Sao Paulo, Brazil, approximately 156 drummers, among them women, children, seniors and people of all ages, brought their own drum kits to play along to KISS, The Rolling Stones, Daft Punk and Megadeth.
Get the new Vic Rattlehead t-shirt, pre-order the new album and get free access to exclusive behind-the-scenes content leading up to the album's release at pledgemusic.com/megadeth.
Huge day of giveaways and follows on Twitter yesterday! Congratulations to Monday's #MegadethMondays Twitter winners! @HDmexiqtioner, @hingderdingder, @White_wookie, @megadethaf! Check back every Monday to twitter.com/megadeth for random #MegadethMondays prize giveaways and Megadeth may just follow you on Twitter!
Dave Mustaine was the honorary pace car driver for the annual NASCAR Sprint Cup Cheez-It 355 at Watkins Glen International in Watkins Glen, New York Sunday, August 9, 2015. You can now see photos from the event on Dave's Facebook page. facebook.com/davemustaine
Hey Megadeth fans, did you know that Dave Mustaine tweets daily and chats with fans on Twitter? Check out Dave's newest tweets about the NASCAR race at Watkins Glen International where he served as the honorary pace car driver. Follow @DaveMustaine at twitter.com/davemustaine!
Dave Mustaine was spotted today at the Watkins Glen International race track where he is training to drive the Toyota Racing Camry pace car for the NASCAR Cheez-It 335 race tomorrow.
Congrats to July's #mymegadeth winner @slyppa! Tag your pics with #mymegadeth on Instagram, Twitter, Tumblr or Facebook for a chance at our random prize draw every month! instagram.com/megadeth
Dave Mustaine will be the honorary pace car driver for the annual NASCAR Sprint Cup Cheez-It 355 at Watkins Glen International in Watkins Glen, New York this Sunday, August 9. Dave will be driving for the initial start leading the field with nothing but race cars behind him!
The Seymour Duncan Dave Mustaine Signature Livewire pickups are designed to give you the benefits of an active pickup but without the drawbacks commonly associated with active pickups. Now you can order the Dave Mustaine Livewire in gold and nickel as well as the usual black nickel. Check them out at seymourduncan.com.


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Joy G. Moomey, 81, of El Dorado, died Tuesday, Nov. 6 in Wichita. Services will be at 2:30 p.m. Saturday at Carlson Funeral Home, El Dorado. Interment will follow the funeral in Elmwood Cemetery, Augusta. Visitation with the family present is from 6 to 7:30 p.m. Friday, also at the Funeral Home.
Joy was born on Jan. 10, 1931 in Mankato, Kan., the daughter of Harvey and Sylva (Robinson) Ryan. She was a homemaker and on April 1, 1950 she and Marion J. Moomey were united in marriage in Bentonville, Ark. He preceded her in death on Feb. 13, 1977. Joy attended the Salvation Army; enjoyed sewing, cooking, gardening and all animals.
Those who survive are her children, Virgil D. Moomey of El Dorado, Steven Moomey and wife Malinda, and Shirley J.Bierle and husband Wayne, all of Wichita, and Belinda M. Bidwell of El Dorado; 19 grandchildren; and 32 great-grandchildren.
She was also preceded in death by her husband, Marion; a son, Larry; three brothers; four sisters; and granddaughter, Rebecca.
Memorials in her memory for the Alzheimer Foundation may be left at Carlson Funeral Home where friends may call. Condolences to the family can be sent to www.carlsoncolonial.com.
Location, ST | website.com


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WINTERSVILLE - The Herald-Star and The Weirton Daily Times will host the second-annual "What a Woman Wants ... Head to Toe Expo" from noon to 3 p.m. Sunday at St. Florian Hall.
The afternoon will feature fashion, food and fitness - everything a woman wants. The "girls' afternoon out" will feature the relaxed atmosphere that made the first event such a success that it was made an annual event by popular demand. Attendees will have the opportunity to browse among the many area vendors who are scheduled to participate and enjoy shows featuring the latest fall fashions and offering tips on how to get the inside of your home ready for the coming season.
"The expo is a great event, and it's received incredible support from the community," said Ross Gallabrese, executive editor of the Herald-Star and The Weirton Daily Times. "We know people throughout the Tri-State Area are looking forward to attending this year's presentation."
There will be approximately 30 vendors offering a variety of items, including jewelry, home decor, hair accessories, purses, make-up, music, nail accessories and chocolates.
The event also will include fashion shows by Anna-Kay's Unique Fashions and Macy's; a home decor seminar by Beth McVay of Beth McVay Interior Design; make-up makeovers by Macy's; massages; and hors d'oeuvres by Piergallini Catering. Ralph Parissi of Parissi Productions will provide the day's soundtrack.
Doreen Kay of Anna-Kay's said fall fashions, including sweaters, long coats, jackets and fun faux fur items, will be featured in the fashion show - and available for purchase.
"We're going with a seasonal theme, I want to call it a transition into fall, and we have 10 models for the show," she said, noting the show will give a sneak peek at holiday fashions. "We're going to show missys, petites and all age groups."
Kay noted there will be a special discount handbag sale during the event, including lots of fall-appropriate leather handbags.
James Smith of Macy's said Elizabeth Arden's fall makeup colors will be demonstrated and facial massages will be offered. Fragrances also will be offered.
The Macy's fashion show will feature six models, and a variety of clothing from designers such as INC, Calvin Klein and Alfani.
"We're going to be doing day to night looks," he said. "The holiday season is coming up, and we're going to have looks where you can take the jacket off and add accessories."
Not only will the office-to-party looks be available for purchase at the expo, but shoppers will get special Macy's blockbuster prices before they're available at the store.
McVay will be talking about the latest trends in home decor and getting those attending "up to speed" on current trends.
"We'll be talking about colors and fabrics," she said. "The trends (in home decor) are just ahead of fashion. They try the colors out in home furnishings before fashion."
"It's nice for women to be able to get together and see new ideas and products," she said. "I'm hoping a lot of people will turn out and take advantage of the opportunity to see some new fashions and ideas and see some great business people."
Piergallini said the food will feature a fall theme, with plenty of fall vegetables, grilled chicken and bruschetta.
"It's a good time, a nice afternoon for the ladies," said Piergallini. "It's just a nice, inexpensive day."
Those attending also will have the opportunity to win several door prizes, including Sewickley Spa gift cards and the grand prize - a trip for four to Seven Springs. Door prizes have been provided by the event vendors. Winners must be present to claim their prizes.
"There is a great deal of effort put into ensuring the quality and variety of products offered and in the demonstrations given," said Cindy Kotsch, special projects and events coordinator for the Herald-Star and The Weirton Daily Times.
The schedule includes:
Noon, doors open.
12:30 p.m., Macy's fashion show.
1:15 p.m., Anna-Kay's Unique Fashions fashion show.
2 p.m., Beth McVay Interior Design home decor seminar.
2:50 p.m., door prize drawing.
Vendors include Organo Gold Gourmet Coffee and Tea with Denise Yocum; Origami Owl with Valerie Lough; Macy's Fashions and Elizabeth Arden Cosmetics; Anna-Kay's Unique Fashions; Steubenville Chiropractic; Uniquely Designed and Anthony Thomas Candies; Trinity Women's Health and Images; Trinity Advanced Surgical with Dr. Denise Gilman; Vontrie's Couture Salon and Apothecary; A Nail's Charm; Gold Canyon Home Fragrance; Beth McVay Interior Design; Stella and Dot Jewelry; Quality Health Massotherapy; It Works!; Weirton Medical Breast Care Center; All About Women; Tupperware/Amanda McLaughlin; Miche Purses/Kathy Smogor with Andrea Zalesny; Pampered Chef with Elizabeth De Jong; Mary Kay Cosmetics with Gloria Popp; McDonnell Chiropractic; Thirty One with Tammy Scott; Silhouette Scarfs; Forever Young Aesthetics with Dr. Patrick Macedonia; and Ohio Valley Optimal Healthcare with Dr. Matt Nardone.
Tickets are $10 and are on sale now. They are available at Anna-Kay's Unique Fashions located at 155 N. Fourth St., Steubenville, or at the newspaper offices located at 401 Herald Square, Steubenville. They also can be purchased by calling (740) 283-4711 or at the door the day of the event.


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check if you can create more than 1 partition. i think the installer will create extended for you automatically
check if you can create more than 1 partition. i think the installer will create extended for you automatically
if your question is answered, mark the thread as [SOLVED]. Thx.
To post code or command output, use [code] tags.
Check your bash script here // BashFAQ // BashPitfalls
If I click the "+" button and choose, for instance, 40GB out of the 400GB ext4 for the ubuntu, than it won't let me create another one. It changes back to unusable .
I think this should be possible with the installer, but I can't remember exactly what it looks like. I prefer, like a couple of other posters, to do the partition setup in gparted from the live environment. That is the "try without changing" option on the installer CD or USB. You might want to have a look at that. I find it a bit easier to keep track of what I am doing from there.
When that is done, it is more or less just a matter of choosing the partition and assigning a mount point to it in the installer.
Having said that, I reckon when you click that + button, there must be a dropdown or something to choose what sort of partition it should be.
Last edited by audiomick; November 17th, 2012 at 09:53 PM.
I've done as you said and managed to create the extended partition using the live CD feature. However, it doesn't let me choose which OS I want at boot. It just starts windows. What can I do?
When you're running the installer from the CD/DVD/USB, set up all the space for your Ubuntu install and your shared data partition as an Extended partition. Then, inside the Extended partition, create your NTFS shared data partition, your EXT4 / partition, and (if you want it on a separate partition) your EXT4 /home partition.
Jane, stop this crazy thing!
It still won't let me boot:
Here is the screen shot of the partitions after I've done the extended partition:
Going by what you say, that you don't see the option for Ubuntu at boot, and going by the screen shot, I think you haven't finished the installation. In the screen shot, there is the button "install now". Had you clicked on that?
you haven't created ntfs DATA yet
10G for swap is excessive. 1-2G, maybe 4G.
i must say that imho the partitioning screen of the installation process is less useful than gparted if you want to do stuff by hand. Try cancelling installation process and run gparted, either by
- ubuntu icon/WIN key, gparted
- opening terminal (ctrl+alt+t), gksu gparted
gparted is more informative visually and more powerful. You can create ntfs here, but you can't during installation, at least that's what my test in virtualbox tells me.
Then start installation again, go into manual config in partitioning step, point to swap and / and continue.
as for boot menu with systems - you have to actually install ubuntu to its partition and in the process boot menu will be created. Until you do that boot sector will still be the default one with windows specific setup.
Last edited by Vaphell; November 18th, 2012 at 03:25 AM.
if your question is answered, mark the thread as [SOLVED]. Thx.
To post code or command output, use [code] tags.
Check your bash script here // BashFAQ // BashPitfalls
matanc -
I think there may be a possibility that we're talking right past you. Assuming certain things that aren't clear to you yet.
I've said it a thousand times, but I really prefer to set up partitions before installing Ubuntu using GParted LiveCD.
Download the package that I highlited in the attachment. You can use a Windows PC and ImgBurn to create a bootable CD from the .iso.
Boot from the .iso, follow the prompts. It'll ask about keyboard, language, and video driver. The default video driver usually works, but you may have to try the fail-safe version.
The GParted environment you'll boot into is similar to the one on the Ubuntu installer disc, but the extended partition work is vastly easier to understand in the GPLiveCD than it is in the Ubuntu install CD.
Two hints. Don't forget to click "Apply" after each thing you do. Otherwise GPLCD will just keep stacking up tasks. If you click on the "extended" partition in the GPLCD map on the top part of the page and it doesn't respond, right-click on the text describing the extended partition on the lower half of the page.
So, right-click on sda6. Remove it. Apply.
Right-click on sda5. Remove. Apply.
You should now have a huge chunk of space that will be called "unallocated". If I understand your goal correctly, right-click on that space, click "Create", or "New" (I don't remember exactly) then choose to create an "Extended" partition out of the entire space. Apply.
If you want a space for data that will be accessible from both OS'es, create a logical partition inside that partition. Format it as ntfs. Whatever size you want, but I'd leave at least 50 GB for Ubuntu if it were me.
When you're in the "Create" window it's easier to drag one edge of the partition towards the center than it is to change the numbers below. I don't think it matters one bit whether you shove the logical data partition to the left of the extended partition or to the right. Apply.
Let's review. You're still booted into the GParted LiveCD.
You've deleted sda6 and sda5, creating a big chunk of "free" or "unallocated" space.
You've created an extended partition out of that space.
You made a data partition, formatted as ntfs, inside the extended partition. Don't worry about "logical" or "primary"; if it's inside the extended partition it's logical.
You have NOT installed Ubuntu. All you've done is leave some space inside the extended partition for Ubuntu. I prefer to create partitions for /, swap, and /home while I'm using the GPLiveCD, then install manually, but at this point you may have had enough fun.
If you just want to install Ubuntu:
Double-click on the red icon upper left hand corner of GPLiveCD to close it. You get a choice to reboot if you want. It'll open the tray. You can put the Ubuntu install CD in, then click Enter.
When you get to the partitioning part of Ubuntu, where it asks whether you want to wipe the drive, install next to Windows, etc. I think the safest thing to do is choose "Something Else". Then aim Ubuntu at the free space inside the extended partition.
I wish I could tell you for sure, but just letting it install next to Windows might work too. But I don't know if it would erase your data partition.
Last edited by Bartender; November 18th, 2012 at 04:46 PM.
gparted is available on ubuntu livecd too.
if your question is answered, mark the thread as [SOLVED]. Thx.
To post code or command output, use [code] tags.
Check your bash script here // BashFAQ // BashPitfalls


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I uploaded a 1280x720 AVI file encoded at 8000 kb/s to youtube. It takes a long time to upload. I uploaded another 1280x720 AVI file encoded at 4000 kb/s, and I don't see any difference in quality. Is there a difference in quality or not? Is 8000 kb/s too much? What about 4000 kb/s? What's the best bitrate to use?
migrated from superuser.com Jan 13 '11 at 9:38
This question came from our site for computer enthusiasts and power users.
Youtube performs transcoding to its own formats to optimize for bandwidth, so as long as the quality is better than those, you would see no difference in quality.
I believe youtube's bitrate for 720p videos is around 2Mbps, so at 4Mbps you should be fine. Since they do there own encoding it's preferable you upload it at the original bitrate since the time you take to convert it's probably the same you spend uploading.
8000 kb/s would mean that the client would require a similar bandwidth to stream it without any problems. Obviously, that's a bit too high. There's no "best" bitrate as such - I often use a bitrate of ~ 600 Kb/s so that a person with a 512k connection can stream it pretty much instantaneously.


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The opinions expressed are solely those of the author(s) and should not be construed as reflecting the viewpoints of the publisher, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., the publishing house, or employees and affiliates thereof.
MDMA (commonly known as the empathogen "ecstasy") is classified as a Schedule 1 drug, which is reserved for compounds with no accepted medical use and a high abuse potential. Two researchers from Stanford, however, call for a rigorous scientific exploration of MDMA's effects to identify precisely how the drug works, the data from which could be used to develop therapeutic compounds.Do you agree that ecstasy should be studied for its potential therapeutic benefits?
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Dakota Wesleyan University hosted the 22nd annual South Central South Dakota Regional Science and Engineering Fair March 25 and announced its winners.
There were 299 students in grades six through 12, and 180 projects from 30 schools in 18 South Dakota counties. Students participating in this regional event brought projects that won in science fairs at local schools.
Five students received the top DWU scholarships – worth $10,000 – and will advance to the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair in May in Los Angeles. They include: Justin Krell, Plankinton High School, "Cow Chips"; and three students from Avon High School: Amanda Reiff and Devin Tolsma, "Organic Preventative Measures For The Germination Of Musk Thistles," and Julie Boyle, "Evaluating the Effectiveness Of Anthocyaninis As Sunscreen Phase 2."
Awards were given to participating students in cash, certificates, college scholarships, plaques, medals, trophies, major industry recognition and recognition by the U.S. Armed Forces.
In addition to Dakota Wesleyan University, sponsors include: The Daily Republic, Touchtone Energy Cooperatives, Sixth District Medical Society, Twin City Fan and Blower, Lisa and Corey Thelen, Davison City Implement, and Logan Luxury Theater of Mitchell.
The following are a list of the winners:
2014 Science Fair List of Winners
Student Observers – winners of $2,000 DWU scholarship
Kylee Guindon
Plankinton Middle School
Antler Development
Noah Heezen
Electronic Cloud Control
Emma Heezen
Plankinton High School
Junior Grand Award (two individual projects) – winners of $100
Kendall Veenstra
Dakota Christian Middle School
Aqua Crops
Andrew Weller
Mitchell Middle School
Normal Springs vs. Magnetic Springs
Junior Grand Award (one group project) – winners of $100 each
Natalie Bordeaux, Molly Knife, Shelby Little Shield
Spring Creek Middle School
Water Quality On The Rosebud Reservation
Life, Behavioral Sciences - Junior Division
1st Place
Derek Pelton
Avon Middle School
What Are The Effects Of Soapy Water Plants
2nd Place
Mary Catherine Kelly
Home School Middle School
Using Treats In Dog Training: When To Reward Rover
3rd Place
Kristen Maas
Don't Slip!
Honorable Mention
Madison Hetland
Authentic vs. Synthetic Honey
Certificates of Merit:
Hannah VanGerpen
There Is Something On Your Face
Life & Behavioral Sciences - Senior Division
1st Place, $2,000 DWU Scholarship
Hannah Reeves
Avon High School
The Effect Of Irrigation On Agricultural Production
2nd Place, $750 DWU Scholarship
Rachel Blaha
Analyzing The Effectiveness Of Commercial De-wormers For Sheep
3rd Place,$500 DWU Scholarship
Jill Bertus
How Do You Dry Your Corn?
Jacob Dahme
Mitchell High School
Carbon Nanotubes: Effects Of Tenebrio Molitor Growth
Dennisha Johanneson
Andes Central High School
Emergency Medicine
Carly Sparks
Armour High School
Growing Cancer Cells For A Cause
Aften Pennings
Stickney High School
Bac Vibes
Hanna Powers
Are You Getting Your Vitamin C?
DiMera Dvorak
Elementary Education
Physical Science & Engineering - Junior Division
Tate Wynia
Fact Or Fiction
Jakob Studer
Octane Emission Project
Madhav Singh
Todd County Middle School
Coronal Mass Ejections
Olivia Jurrens
Red Eye Reduction
Pearce Vonder Pol
Roll It
Dillon DeHaai
On The Pontoon
Victoria Brown
Rooftop Real Estate Wonders
Physical Science & Engineering - Senior Division
Riley Namminga
Application Cent$
Daxx Wiebelhaus
Lead In Soil
3rd Place, $500 DWU Scholarship
Brady Petrik
Wax On Wax Off
Stephanie Faulhaber
Sawing The World One Drip At A Time
Tim Morgan
The Effects Of Mass Distribution On The Distance Of Air Powered Rockets
Riley Berndt
All Gelled Up
Cacie Markel
Increasing The Efficiency of A Homemade Ice Pack Using Rubbing Alcohol
Group Projects - Junior Division
Hayden Haak, Tristan Niles, Weston Tobin
The Sixth Wheel
Lori White, Thea Patrick
A-Maze-ing Slime Molds
Cooper DeLange, Isaac Hinker
Stickney Middle School
Which Battery Lasts The Longest?
Emma Bertram, Kianna Payer
Armour Middle School
Black Or White
Baylee Gerber
Shotgun Patterns
Alyssa Whitney
Trajan Anderson
White Lake Middle School
Muffling Sound
Chandler Fredericksen
Matthew Fey
Tee Height And Golf Ball Distance
Carter Fredericksen
Sawyer Swenson
Wessington Springs Middle School
Ready, Aim, Fire!
John Witte
Carolyn Blaha
Wagner Middle School
Jump Serve Speed vs. Standing Serve Speed
Schylar Juffer
Cordel Menning
Corsica Middle School
Blowing Off Steam
Bryce Plamp
Gavin Zomer
Emma Murphey
The Big Dig
Naomi Powers
Alicia Jackson
Music And Memory
Keah Munsen
Levi DeJong
Got Gas?
Weston Frank
Brady Cameron
Effects Of Viscosity On Human Cardiovascular System
Jacob Cihak
Group Projects - Senior Division
Eurie Crosby
Engineering A Better Gate Closer
Michael Johnson
Keenan Shannon
Assimilation Of Protein From Distiller's Grain By Tenebrio Molitor
Mason Wenzel
Alexandra Goldammer
The Effects of Classical Music on Cognitive Task Performance
Miranda Goldammer
Jed Schmidt
Should Gloves Be Banned In The NFL?
Parker Wenzel
Mikayla Petsche
Focus! It's Time To Multitask
Erica Kitchenmaster
Crystal Habben
Hand Gestures And Communication
Nancy Hernandez
Sandra Wade
Jasmine Fritzmeier
Potato Tumor Assay
Emily Parks
Evianna Blaha
You Put The Nitrate In, You Take The Nitrate Out
Randi Hento
Shylah Brown Bear
Mary Indian High School
Gene Hare, Jr
Marty Indian High School
Brant Blaha
The Production Of Water Using Anhydrous Salts
Jacob Reeves
Joe Johnson
Mount Vernon High School
OH Generation
Kyle Koch
Best Presenters Award:
Special Awards
American Psychology Association
Using Treads In Dog Training: When To Record Rover
Sadie Meyerink
Dakota Christian
The Earworm Effect
ASM International Foundation
Logan Mudder, Zach Wynia
How Strong Is It?
Avon School's Excellence in Science
Senior Division
Justin Krell
Cow Chips
Junior Division
BroadMASTERS SSP
Home School MS
Dakota Christian
Mitchell MS
Avon MS
Madhov Singh
Todd County MS
Hayden Haak
Plankinton MS
Tristan Niles
Weston Tobin
Lori White
Thea Patrick
Cooper DeLange
Stickney MS
Isaac Hinker
Natalie Bordeaux
Spring Creek MS
Molly Knife
Shelby Little Shield
The Daily Republic
Analyzing The Effectiveness Of Commercial De-Wormers For Sheep
Dakota Wesleyan University Chemistry, Health, and Other Stuff (CHAOS)
Julie Boyle
Evaluating Effectiveness Of Anthocyanins As Sunscreen Phase 2
Dakota Wesleyan University, English Department
Dakota Wesleyan University, Mathematics Department
Dakota Wesleyan University, Nursing Department
Kacie Mudder
Save Your Brain
Excellence In Grammar Award
Colton Wolbrink
Poppin' Popcorn
Sidney Muckey
The Amazing Eye
Megan Mudder
Brooklyn Brouwer
GENIUS Olympiad
Keenan Shannon, Mason Wenzel
Assimilation Of Protein From Distiller's Grain By Tenebrio Molitar
Innovative Ideas--Mitchell High School Science Club
John Witte, Sawyer Swenson
Ready, Aim, Fire
Best Board and Original Idea
Brady Cameron, Jacob Cihak
Victoria Brown
Intel Excellence in Computer Science
International Society For Optical Engineering
Leon Jumping Elk, Armanda Iron Elk
Twinkle Twinkle Little Star How I Wonder Where You Are
Lakeview Veterinary Clinic
Mary Katherine Kelly
Mu Alpha Theta
Ariana Oorlog, Chesney Nagel
NABT (National Association for Biology Teachers)
Amanda Reiff, Devin Tolsma
Organic Preventative Measures For The Germination Of Musk Thistles
NOAA (National Oceanic & Atmosphere Administration)
Scotti Clifford
Lakeview Middle School
Observable Winter Patterns
Ricoh Sustainable Development
Gracie Wold
"Can" Your Cans Heat Up?
Society For In Vitro Biology
Organic Preventive Measures For The Germination Of Musk Thistles
SD Academy of Science
Emma Allen
When Your Sniffer Snoozes
Using Treats in Dog Training: When to Reward Rover
Daniel Fuoss
H2O2 Harm or Help?
Thea Patrick
Carly Beckman
Aspirin And Plant Growth
Sanford Promise Award for Biomedical Research
South Dakota Council of Teachers of Mathematics
Ashley Glanzer
Mt Vernon High School
Centripetal Force And Swinging A Bucket Of Water
South Dakota Science Teachers Association
Natalie Bordeaux, Shelby Little Shield, Molly Knife
South Dakota Society for Clinical Laboratory Science
South Dakota Veterinary Medical Alliance
Analyzing The Effectiveness Of Commerical De-Wormers For Sheep
Stockholm Junior Water and BY Water of Tabor
The Effect of Irrigation On Ag Production
Evianna Blaha, Randi Hento
Thelen Laboratory Research
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Anthocyanins As Sunscreen Phase 2
United States Department of Health & Human Services
United States Metric Association
Erica Anderson
How Cool Is That?
Yale Science & Engineering Association, Inc.


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A classically trained mathematician is more likely to be familiar (at least anecdotally) with an area of mathematical physics such as deformation quantization than with intuitionistic logic. It is helpful in any sense (philosophical or mathematical) to think of intuitionistic logic as a quantization of classical logic? Has anyone explored such an approach? Note that the idea itself of comparing the passage from classical to intuitionistic logic to denying commutativity is not new; see Richman's "Interview with a constructive mathematician" at http://www.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1400617 .
No, intuitionistic logic is not the quantization of classical logic in a useful sense. (It is obtained from classical logic by removing artifical constraints, which is a step rather different from quantization.)
But there is a way to see the point of intuitionistic logic from a perspective motivated from quantization.
To see this, the main point to notice is that intuitionistic logic is the logic that allows to carry out reasoning in ambient toposes other than that of plain sets, hence in geometric contexts. That's the whole point of it.
And this is something that all of quantization theory starts with (usually secretly, of course): the "classical" (really: pre-quantum) data that quantization is applied to lives in generalized differential geometry where path spaces and spaces of differential forms etc. exist as smooth spaces. And this means that all of quantization starts (usually secretly, of course) in an ambient intuitionistic context. Of course there are plenty of ways to fight noticing this, which is why it's still an exotic perspective sociologically, even though it is the natural perspective fundamentally. The lecture notes geometry of physics try to give the natural perspective.
an intuitionistic axiomatization of (pre-)quantum physics is laid out, and in
it is is discussed how Heisenberg groups, Poisson Lie algebras, Heisenberg Lie algebras, (pre-)quantum operators etc. drop out naturally from these intuitionistic axioms.
Indeed, once axiomatized in intuitionistic logic this way, all these concept become much simpler than they are usually thought of. They are really sitting just a tad above the very foundations (univalent foundations, that is). See the above articles for why and how.
[edit Jan 2014:
Meanwhile with Joost Nuiten we have further developed the formalization of quantization in intuitionistic linear logic, details are here
Indeed, if anything in logic resembles quantization, then it is the step from intuitionistic non-linear to intuitionistic linear logic, this is discussed a bit more on the $n$Lab at quantum logic . ]
MathOverflow is a valuable resource because it is interdisciplinary. Some of the people who have written about this question come from a traditional pure mathematical background where classical logic is the norm, whilst others are based in computer science departments and generally use intuitionistic logic(s). Something that even those of us in the latter category perhaps do not credit enough is that some quite substantial "heterodox" mathematics has been done in the past thirty years. This means, for example, that Dan Pipponi's answer presupposes some quite sophisticated ideas.
I suspect that the thinking behind this question is that it is sometimes said that classical mathematicians ought to be willing to acknowledge intuitionistic mathematics in the same way that they do non-commutative group or ring theory. I agree with this professionally, but I do not think that there is a significant mathematical analogy to be made.
If we are looking for analogies in ring theory to the classical/intuitionistic distinction, I think a better one would be the passage from $\mathbb Z$ to (commutative) integral domains in which ideals need not be principal. The development needs to be rewritten, but for the most part this is a matter of "cleaning things up" rather than doing a completely different and vastly more difficult thing like non-commutative ring theory. Unfortunately, rather a lot of the literature is made "dirty" with Excluded Middle, so there is a Herculean task to clean it up.
Treating logic in terms of (Boolean or Heyting) algebra is in most circumstances misleading. At primary school we evaluated arithmetic expressions from the inside out, but then we learned to manipulate ones with indeterminate values. Similarly, logic is not about things that "are either true or false" but which instead may perhaps be deducible from one another. Here I am simply making an observation about what mathematicians actually do, even classical ones.
The deduction operation that is at issue is Excluded Middle.
Essentially, Excluded Middle is like the fear of water. If your parents take you swimming as a baby, maybe before you can walk, then you do not develop the fear of water and learn to swim entirely naturally.
Similarly, if your teachers do not constantly indoctrinate you by beginning every proof in their lectures with "suppose not" then you will naturally grow up to be a constructive mathematician. It is only difficult because you have been told to think it is.
It is common to see arguments that use contradiction quite gratuitously. They are much more complicated because, instead of proving $C\Rightarrow D\Rightarrow E$, they prove $\lnot E\Rightarrow\lnot D\Rightarrow\lnot C$, so the argument is back-to-front. When some parts of a proof that is naturally $$ A\Rightarrow B\Rightarrow C\Rightarrow D\Rightarrow E\Rightarrow F\Rightarrow G$$ are written forwards and others backwards, it turns into spaghetti: $$ A\Rightarrow B\Rightarrow C,\qquad \lnot E\Rightarrow\lnot D\Rightarrow\lnot C\qquad E\Rightarrow F\Rightarrow G. $$
In fact, as Dan has said, there is a lot of work in theoretical computer science based on the idea that the double negation rule is like a "computational effect" (such as exceptions and gotos) in programming. Unless used vary skillfully, such effects make programs next to impossible to understand.
On the other hand, there is considerable skill (that classical mathematicians refuse to acknowledge) in pulling a classical proof apart, teasing out its underlying concepts and creating a new constructive proof.
I would, for example, strongly recommend Constructive Analysis by Errett Bishop and Douglas Bridges, which gets on with proving the theorems without dwelling on the counterexamples.
The reason why some of us regard intuitionistic logic as fundamental and classical logic as an aberration lies in the following analogy (often called an "isomorphism") that was made by Haskell Curry in the 1930s and spelt out by William Howard in the 1960s. This analogy nowadays probably forms the basis of the masters' logic course in any computer science department.
Whilst this might perhaps be seen as begging the question, it is difficult to see how one treat the other two connectives otherwise than:
The point here is that there is no obvious way of translating excluded middle.
I say "obvious" because the work to which Dan refers seeks to do exactly that.
However, it is important to stress that those who are working on this kind of thing have not "seen the error of their ways" and returned to the "true faith" of classical logic, but are doing something that is way more sophisticated.
Returning to the original question, I am very skeptical. But the reason for this is not a lack of faith in intuitionistic logic or to disparage the work that people are doing in quantum mechanics. It is because those who are doing work like this probably use intuitionistic logic as a matter of course and would never consider naive classical logic as an alternative.
Looking at this from a computational perspective, a common structure here is the monad, or something like it.
In intuitionistic logic we can prove
$a\rightarrow\neg\neg a$ and $\neg\neg(\neg\neg a)\rightarrow\neg\neg a$.
Similarly if $S$ is some set then we have natural maps $S\rightarrow span(S)$ and $span(span(S))\rightarrow span(S)$ where $span(S)$ is the vector space of formal linear combinations of elements of $S$.
Both of these are closely related to a monad or monad-like structure [1], [2]. The vector space example is relevant because quantum mechanics is a lot like classical mechanics where (some) classical states become labels for basis vectors in a larger state space given by quantum mechanics. This leads to a "quantum" monad [4].
When studying the semantics of computer programs, monads are frequently used to model "effects". There is a common heuristic to "deform" code written in a pure functional language so as to incorporate monadic effects. For example if we implement a data structure to represent groups and then "deform" it in this way we end up with a quantum group data structure [3], [5].
As mentioned by Paul Taylor, the fact that double negation gives rise to a monad is closely related to the notion of a continuations whch (among other things) gives a way to implement "effects" like branching. Glivenko's theorem means we can embed classical logic into intuitionistic logic using $\neg\neg$ and that, in turn, gives a way to interpret classical propositions computationally in terms of continuations.
The common structure here means that code written to specify and simulate quantum computers can have quite a bit of surprising commonality with code making use of continuations.
Note that this is going the opposite direction to that proposed in the question. Classical logic becomes a quantised version of intuitionistic logic.
[1] http://www.cs.nott.ac.uk/~txa/publ/Relative_Monads.pdf
[2] https://lists.chalmers.se/pipermail/agda/2009/001347.html
[3] http://blog.sigfpe.com/2008/08/hopf-algebra-group-monad.html
[4] http://www.cs.nott.ac.uk/~txa/talks/qnet06.pdf
[5] http://sbseminar.wordpress.com/2007/10/07/group-hopf-algebra/
A common relationship between Boolean algebras and Heyting algebras that holds a similar position as quantisation does between commutative and noncommutative geometry is known as a Galois Connection. This provides a way to reinterpret the result of classical logic in constructivist terms and vice versa, though the relationship is fairly blunt. It is also a standard relationship between syntax and semantics and is one means of understanding the BHK semantics.
This relationship is also what is used in turning ontological theories of science into operationalist ones. In fact, this has been done in the monoidal categories where quantisation occurs and works by people like Bob Coecke have explored the constructivist side of quantum mechanics, so you get the full circle back to what you consider an easy-to-understand language if you follow this approach.
I also subscribe to Paul Taylor's comments about the primacy of constructivist thought. In most of the natural formulations, constructivism has less prerequisites than classical logic and reasons about things that are intuitively comprehensible because it doesn't make certain infinitary claims. Topoi come before Set, for instance, in intensional axiomatics.
If "quantization" is understood as "the procedure of constraining something from a relatively large or continuous set of values (such as the real numbers) to a relatively small discrete set (such as the integers" (like in Wikipedia), then I think it happens at the level of semantics. Classical propositional logic is modeled by Boolean algebras, while intuitionistic logic uses Heyting algebras. A propositional formula is true in intuitionist sense if and only if, for every valuation into any Heyting algebra, its value is the top element of that algebra. Boolean algebras are these Heyting algebras which satisfy the excluded middle, so an intuitionistically true propositional formula is classically true, but not necessarily the other way round.
I am not a logician, so my understanding might be flawed. Corrections and elaborations are welcome.
Edit: I am also not sure when Heyting algebras started to be systematically used as models for intuitionistic logic. And I think it was Tarski who observed that a collection of open sets of an arbitrary topological space form a (what is now known as) Heyting algebra.
First, let me acknowledge Nik Weaver's objection. However, there is a notion of quantization in error correction coding. This notion might be compared with numerical methods that establish a policy by which some rational number is fixed to represent the real number of a given calculation. That is, an admissible value is accepted in relation to some actual value. So, Margaret Friedland's notion will be accepted for this response.
The initial objections to classical logic by Brouwer and others had to do with the definiteness of working with finite systems that differed from infinite systems. So, the sense of Margaret Friedland's notion would not seem to be the direct comparison to be made. And, in that same context, the original posted question seems badly construed.
Insightfully, however, Ms. Friedland thought the issue might lie with semantics.
The following remarks are from personal unpublished researches. As a philosophical matter, I reject logicism. The focus of my investigations had been the sign of equality and identity.
When Leibniz introduced the principle of identity of indiscernibles in "Discourse on Metaphysics", he did so by invoking geometric intuitions,
My personal view on this is that numerical identity relies on geometric -- or, more precisely, topological -- notions. So, I interpret Leibniz' remarks along the line of Cantor's intersection theorem for non-empty, nested closed sets of vanishing diameter.
The semantic sense of Leibniz' remarks are to be found in another quote from one of his papers on logic (the name of which escapes me at this moment). Although somewhat deprecated in mathematical logic, the paradigm singular term in classical logic is the notion of a name. This is what Leibniz says about names,
This, too, can be related directly to topological considerations in the guise of uniformities and uniform spaces.
Semantically, the identity relation is represented by the diagram or diagonal of the Cartesian product of a model domain. Under the received view, logical identity is not given by a metric interpretation. It is in the metrization lemma found in Kelley's "General Topology" wherein a system of relations containing the diagonal (say, a uniformity) and meeting certain other conditions generate a pseudometric. In other words, it is in the theory of uniformities where the original Leibnizian conception and modern semantical notions coincide.
It is for this reason that I am personally inclined to view the topological designations of open and closed sets (in particular, closed sets) in the context of the kind of "quantization" mentioned by Margaret Friedland.
For completeness with respect to the preceding remarks, let me observe that both Frege and Russell included descriptivist theories of naming in their logical analyses. Kleene reports that the eliminability of descriptions had been established in 1934 by Hilbert and Bernays. Robinson had been critical of Russellian description theory and discusses the use descriptions in relation to model diagonals in his paper "On constrained denotation".
Along similar lines, the logical interpretation of Leibniz' principle of identity of indiscernibles seems to have been established by the time of Kant. Kant criticizes Leibniz' application of that principle and asserts that identity associated with appearances is based on geometric notions. With respect to modern description theory, this notion of numerical identity in relation to geometry can be found in another critic of Russell -- P. F. Strawson discusses the matter in his book, "Individuals".
Let me reiterate that these are only personal views, and, that they are non-standard by every account.


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Visit to Library of Birmingham by David Cameron and Mark Rutte
During a visit to Birmingham on Monday 14th November 2011, with Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte, David Cameron visited the
Library of Birmingham site. Francine Houben, the architect from the Dutch company Mecanoo, gave a presentation to the visitors.
From left to right: Simon Dingle, project manager from Carillion, Prime Minister David Cameron , Francine Houben, architect
from Mecanoo, Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte and Leader of Birmingham City Council, Cllr Mike Whitby.


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How often do we see questions that show that the OP didn't even bother checking 'the manual'? Is SO supporting a new breed of developers that have little clue of what they're doing and rely on us helpful souls to guide them through life?
What is meta?
- Any Stack Exchange user can ask a question
- The community provides support, votes on ideas, and reports bugs
- Your voice helps shape the way Stack Exchange operates
closed as not constructive by animuson♦, hims056, Lance Roberts, Lucifer, Toon Krijthe Apr 18 '13 at 5:03
As it currently stands, this question is not a good fit for our Q&A format. We expect answers to be supported by facts, references, or expertise, but this question will likely solicit debate, arguments, polling, or extended discussion. If you feel that this question can be improved and possibly reopened, visit the help center for guidance.If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
There have always been "developers" too lazy to read the manual. If Ada had started a club there would have been members who kept asking people "Pray tell, how do I load a register, again?".
SO may breed some lazy developers, but it also helps to surface some awesome developers who do some real good for the community.
As SO grows, it becomes a more-and-more comprehensive guide to solving virtually any expressible problem in any programming language, guided by some pretty-darn-selfless developers.
Yes it is a crutch for lame developers, but more importantly, it is a pretty useful tool for the average developer who just needs to get something done quickly (to meet deadlines), or to solve a problem. That average developer may or may not be able to find the answer here or elsewhere, and may or may not be able to solve it on his given sufficient time and information. But if this place can provide a good answer, why not?
Last but not least, I don't think that everyone knows about the existence of 'the manual' in the first place. Had I not studied computer science, I may very well not have known of the existence of a "language specification". I believe (I may be wrong) many developers not trained academically may not know about the existence of it, or at least they don't know about it early on in their career. These developers may very well believe ignorantly that their "Learn C++ in 21 Days" book/online tutorial is the language specification and failing to find the answer in it, resort to asking a question online (they would probably have tried google first and failed). And when someone answers a question here, and cites a section 2.1.2 of the specification in his answer, a motivated developer may be able to take it from there and refer to the specification the first the next time he has a problem.
This site is a godsend to helpless, eager-to-learn developers on their own without access to a mentor.
And here's a rambling by a self-indulgent me digressing without thinking hard:
Indeed there are many questions asked on SO for which the answers can be found in 'the manual'.
I would say that it is a systemic problem affecting the new generation of people (this is a problem not specific to programmers) who are introduced to the internet at a very young age. Obviously one can use the internet to search for 'the manual', but many would prefer to get the answer instantly. Even if all they could find is the manual, they would prefer that it is a text-search-able so that they can navigate directly to exactly what they want to know, instead of reading such manuals cover-to-cover.
Call it short-attention span, instant gratification generation or whatever euphemism/dysphemism you like, and I will probably agree with it. However, what really is the root cause is information explosion. It's not so much because useful (exclude multimedia for entertainment etc...) information increased exponentially only recently in the past 10 years (useful information have always been increasing), but because the accessibility of information have improved so much due to the internet.
As everyone has access to much of the same information, and more information, it becomes increasingly important for one to be able to grasp understanding of as many things as possible, and quickly too. I suspect this could be a reason why learning in depth has mostly fallen out of fashion.
Personally, I find this "problem" (coz it may not be a problem per se, but an evolution thingy caused by external factors) is a potential area for research (pedagogical, A.I.) and there is a huge potential market to cater to solving the new needs of this decade.... hence SO (and <insert your solution>).
What level of programmer are you referring to? Reading and understanding programming language manuals is a skill in itself. Just yesterday I tried to find the answer to a question from the PHP manual, and I did find the appropriate section but I just couldn't understand the manual. Luckily, someone had asked a similar question on SO, so I could find the answer here.
It can be quite frustrating when more advanced programmers make a snippy remark about reading the manual, and they don't seem to understand how programming language manuals can be very hard to understand if you are inexperienced. In fact, some newbies might not even be aware that a manual exists.
Yes of course but the trade off is that the none lame devs get a great community and good help, and people starting off came learn a little faster.
I think there comes a point when ever dev hits a point where reading the manual doesn't do the trick at this point they either grow and get to do some awesome creative things or well they get stuck and go to work building lame sites and lame templates.
I don't mind a few lame duck they make me look good ;)


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Top Definition
n. A serious nuisance on Sound Transit's Sounder Commuter Rail.
I was supposed to get off of the Sounder train in Puyallup, but there was a bicyclist in my way.
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Similar in etymology to bi-curious, a bi-cyclist is someone who goes through bi-sexual periods in his / her sexual career.
Don't spin your wheels over Susie - she's a bi-cyclist and will be back to boys by next week.
by LailaMay March 05, 2010


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The Bank of England Museum reopened this week after a three-month refurbishment, delivered on time and on budget, as the Governor of the Bank of England, Mark Carney, was keen to tell us at the reopening reception.
To celebrate, 10 quirky objects and documents have been hauled out of the Bank's deep vaults and put on show. As well as Sir John Soane's secret ballot box and a camel saddle bag for carrying gold that *might* have belonged to Lawrence of Arabia you can admire unique bank notes signed by the likes of Nelson Mandela and George Eliot, art from the Bank's collection, intriguing letters and shiny gold bars of various sizes.
On which, don't fret, the 'can you lift a gold bar with one hand' attraction is still there, as is the charming Wind in the Willows display about Kenneth Graeme's employment at the Bank. Other exhibits have been updated with new guides and activities, including ever more interactive digital stuff.
Things have changed most noticeably in the wonderful reconstruction of Soane's Bank Stock Office room. Repeat visitors will notice that the stripy inflation balloon has gone and in its place is a boat-like structure embodying the Bank's mission to keep the UK's finances on an even keel with an opportunity to try and set monetary policy and learn about financial crises through history. Also gone are the waxwork figures in period costume showing what working life was like at the Bank around 1793. On asking what had happened to the memorable stuffed cat, the builders gave us a nod and a wink and revealed it's still in residence for the eagle-eyed.
The Bank of England Museum is open Monday to Friday, 10am-5pm and admission is free. Curiosities from the Vaults: A Bank Miscellany runs until 12 July 2014. Watch out for special weekend opening dates and other events here.
All images courtesy of the Bank of England (except the cat, photographed by Pete Berthoud).
The Bank of England museum was our Museum of the Month back in March 2010. Read more about it.


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The Hub Coffeehouse of Crossville will sponsor a free outdoor concert at 6 p.m. Friday, July 12. The concert will take place at the stage in the center of Crossville on Main Street.
The concert will feature three artists, Abbie Short, David Dodd and Nate Hicks. Those attending the event are urged to bring a lawn chair or blanket for seating.
During the concert, The Hub Coffeehouse will have their ice cream cart on site and Tucklyo's Pizza next to the stage will be open for pizza. Drinks will also be available.
For more information, call 966-4482.
Location, ST | website.com


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A Milwaukee man was sentenced Friday to 50 years in prison for the brutal beatings and rapes of a woman in 2008, and a 9-year-old girl he abducted from her home, attacked and left in the street in January 2010.
The prosecutor and judge seemed to run out of adjectives and superlatives to describe the severity of the crimes committed by Thomas Thornhill.
"This case is proof that evil exists in the world," said Circuit Judge David Borowski. »Read Full Blog Post(2)
Kaepernick, 49ers deliver crushing blow
San Francisco - Colin Kaepernick was for real.
The Green Bay Packers were not.
Destroying Dom Capers' defense with his flying feet and powerful arm, Kaepernick led the San Francisco 49ers over the Packers, 45-31, in an NFC divisional playoff game Saturday night at Candlestick Park. »Read Full Article(1000)
San Francisco 49ers leave Packers fans feeling black and blue
The bride was from Wisconsin. The groom was from the San Francisco Bay Area.
And the wedding reception was Saturday night at the Astor Hotel in Milwaukee.
So while the bride, Anne Rindone, and the groom, Paul Streett, danced the night away, a cluster of wedding guests was huddled around a television set in the hotel bar, watching the Green Bay Packers-San Francisco 49ers NFC divisional playoff game. »Read Full Article(21)
Three inches of snow possible in southeastern Wisconsin
Up to 3 inches of snow and sleet may fall overnight in southeast and parts of south-central Wisconsin. That will make travel hazardous for late-night drivers, according to the National Weather Service.
The service issued a winter weather advisory Saturday night valid for Milwaukee, Waukesha, Walworth, Racine and Kenosha counties.
The heaviest precipitation was expected between 9 p.m. and 3 a.m. while light snow is expected to fall from 3 a.m. until the advisory expires at 6 a.m. Sunday. Snow and sleet accumulation could be 1.5 to 3 inches. »Read Full Article(4)
Badgers dominate No. 12 Illini
Madison - When the horn sounded for the final time Saturday at the Kohl Center - mercifully for No. 12 Illinois - three Big Ten Conference teams remained perfect in league play:
Unranked Wisconsin (12-4, 3-0); No. 2 Michigan (16-0, 3-0), which could take over the No. 1 spot this week if it wins Sunday at Ohio State; and No. 5 Indiana (15-1, 3-0).
If you picked that trio at the beginning of the day you might want to spend some cash on the Wisconsin lottery because you are omniscient. »Read Full Article(32)
Wisconsin Supreme Court race could shape several key rulings
Madison - The spring race for state Supreme Court will determine the course the state's fractured high court takes for years as it likely addresses limits on collective bargaining and Wisconsin's stalled voter ID law.
Also potentially on the docket are cases challenging laws that in many cases ban Indian school mascots and give the governor more authority over administrative rules.
Whoever wins the April 2 race will have a chance to make a mark on such cases for the next decade. The court is now controlled by a 4-3 conservative majority that often also draws the vote of another justice on some criminal cases. »Read Full Article(74)
Golden Eagles blow late lead, but win in OT
Pittsburgh - With 19 seconds left in regulation and Marquette leading by three points, Davante Gardner threw the ball away in a shockingly careless manner.
"I have complete trust in Davante, on and off the court," coach Buzz Williams said.
Then, inexplicably, Trent Lockett left Pittsburgh's Lamar Patterson wide open for the three-pointer that sent the game into overtime. »Read Full Article(23)
Chiefs hire Packers' Dorsey as general manager
San Francisco - John Dorsey, the Green Bay Packers' director of football operations, is the new general manager of the Kansas City Chiefs.
Dorsey said Saturday night that he will join coach Andy Reid in Kansas City. He replaces Scott Pioli, who was fired after a 2-14 season.
The 52-year-old Dorsey worked for the Packers since 1991 when he was hired by then-vice president Tom Braatz. Other than one season in Seattle, Dorsey has been with the team since. »Read Full Article(22)
Oak Creek summit focuses on how to prevent violence
Oak Creek - More than 100 people, including some who lost family members in the Aug. 5 mass shooting at the Sikh Temple of Wisconsin, met at a school here Saturday to learn how they can prevent violence.
Much of the discussion at East Middle School focused on things anyone could do, such as taking time to personally connect with other people so they don't feel detached from their community.
"We need to start learning about each other and develop relationships. We all need to look out for each other in every way we can," said Kanwardeep Singh Kaleka, a member of the Sikh temple whose uncle, Satwant Singh Kaleka, was killed in the shooting there. »Read Full Article(13)
"Just the Facts" about Public Policy Forum
School choice, boiler inspection services, lakefront ownership, the fiscal health of the Milwaukee Public Schools, shared fire protection services - the Public Policy Forum has methodically tackled them all in its 100-year history. They've attended a lot of public meetings, too.
Always with an eye on government efficiency, their reports may be dense and "somewhat wonkish," forum President Rob Henken acknowledges. But he believes Milwaukeeans see it as an organization "that is dedicated to promoting more efficient government, and doesn't have an ideological fish to fry."
That part about the fish is a key to being heard in a sometimes frenzied, politically polarized time, he said. »Read Full Article(1)
Packers-49ers inactives: Driver is active
San Francisco - Green Bay Packers receiver Donald Driver is active for the divisional playoff game against the San Francisco 49ers.
Here are the inactives for both teams:
PACKERS »Read Full Blog Post(2)
Woman tries to injure self for ride in ambulance
Fond du Lac - A Fond du Lac woman is accused of throwing herself to the ground and trying to hurt herself so an ambulance would give her a free ride home.
A Reporter of Fond du Lac report says a man called police saying the 36-year-old woman wouldn't stop hassling him for money.
The woman said the man owed her $100. Police told her to take up the matter in court and leave the property. She said she had no money for cab fare and asked police to drive her home. »Read Full Article(16)
Five injured in Friday school bus crash
Wheatland - A school bus crash has injured five people, including four students, in Vernon County.
The Capital Times reports none of the injuries is serious.
Sheriff's authorities say the crash happened around 9:20 a.m. Friday near the Town of Wheatland. The bus driver was turning into a church parking lot in heavy fog when it collided with another vehicle. »Read Full Article(1)
'Lois Ehlert's Mole Hill Stories' casts a spell on theatergoers of all ages
In the beginning, there was a nearly blind mole in the dark woods. Less than one hour later, that same mole could see all the way to the moon, inspired by a fellow creature making the seemingly impossible journey there.
These bookends hold "Lois Ehlert's Mole Hill Stories," Alvaro Saar Rios' adaptation of three of Ehlert's children's books. A collaboration between First Stage Children's Theater and Danceworks Performance Company that's designed to expose young children to theater, it opened Saturday morning under Desiree Rosas' direction.
First up was Ehlert's "Mole's Hill," in which the adventurous but headstrong Fox (the consistently excellent Michael Cotey) makes a mountain of the mole hill sitting astride his envisioned pathway. »Read Full Article
Home sales up 24% in 2012
Home sales in the Milwaukee metro area posted their best year since the recession, but overall prices remained stagnant in 2012.
Sales of existing homes jumped 24.6% in Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Washington and Waukesha counties last year, to more than 16,000 from about 12,900 in 2011, new data from Metro MLS Inc. shows. That's the highest total in any year since 2007.
However, while homes sold at a strong pace throughout 2012, only Milwaukee County saw even a tiny appreciation in average price. Generally, average home prices in the metro area still are back at levels from nine to 10 years ago. »Read Full Article(10)
Former Green Bay Mayor Halloin dies
Former Green Bay Mayor Sam Halloin died Friday morning at 89 years old, the Green Bay Press Gazette reports.
Halloin was the city's longest-serving mayor, holding office from 1979 to 1995, the paper said.
Halloin was born in Kewaunee County in 1923 and began his mayoral career after eight terms as an alderman-supervisor for Green Bay's west side. He retired after four terms and was succeeded by Paul Jadin.
Halloin served in the U.S. Army during World War II , participating in D-Day and the liberation of Dachau, Germany, the paper said. He was first elected to the Green Bay City Council in 1962.
Council to consider increase in fees for fingerprinting
The Common Council will consider at its Tuesday meeting a measure that would increase the fees for fingerprinting at the Milwaukee Police Department.
The fee for city residents would be increased to $10 per card. For non-residents, the fee would be $15 per card.
Oddly, there is no fee for fingerprinting should you be arrested. (12)
Indian mascot case in Berlin now on hold
Berlin - The Berlin Area School District's lawsuit over its high school mascot is on hold following a recent ruling involving a similar case.
In both Berlin and Mukwonago, complaints by residents to the state Department of Public Instruction resulted in orders to change their athletic team Indian nicknames.
Parents in Mukwonago sued to overturn the decision and won in circuit court. That prompted some Berlin residents to hire the same lawyers and file a similar suit. »Read Full Article(20)
State Senate aiming to toughen rules in gallery
Madison - The Republican-controlled Wisconsin state Senate is looking at toughening requirements of those watching lawmakers debate from public galleries.
Republican Majority Leader Scott Fitzgerald said Friday that new rules are being considered that would institute penalties for people who are cited for misbehavior in the galleries and in committee meetings.
The Assembly on Thursday approved new rules that call for people violating rules of the gallery to be removed after the first infraction and barred from the Assembly for the remainder of the two-year session on the third offense. »Read Full Article(97)
Two men steal guns, money in Rock County home invasion
Authorities in Rock County are looking for two men in connection with a home invasion late Friday where the pair held a man and woman hostage in their home, stole money and guns and fled in the couple's heavy-duty pickup truck.
The male victim was taken to Mercy Hospital and Trauma Center in Janesville for minor cuts and a bloody nose and later released, according to the Rock County Sheriff's Department.
The two assailants - white men in their late teens or early 20s - entered the home on W. Miles Road in Fulton Township wearing ski masks. They got in through an unlocked door at about 11 p.m. »Read Full Article(22)
Winter headed back to southeast Wisconsin
After a mild stretch, the Milwaukee area will return to winter Saturday afternoon, with the temperature falling from a high around 50 in the morning to the low 30s by 5 p.m., and snow likely overnight.
Jesse Ritka, meteorologist with WTMJ-TV, Channel 4, says the result will be temperatures Sunday and Monday that are even cold for January.
Meanwhile, the clouds are expected to increase Saturday, bringing a storm system with a bit of sleet changing to snow mainly after 10 p.m., Ritka says. "A good one to three inches of snow will accumulate across much of southeastern Wisconsin," she says, with lows in the low 20s overnight. »Read Full Article


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@AUWBB Coaches Take On #Chillin4CharityJune 30, 2014
ANDERSON, S.C. – The Anderson University women's basketball coaching staff cooled down during a hot South Carolina afternoon by having their players pour cold water over their heads, as they participated in #Chillin4Charity on Friday in efforts to raise money for the Play4Kay Foundation.
After head coach Jimmy Garrity was challenged by Penn State assistant coach Itoro Coleman, Garrity and his staff took part in the effort that is sweeping the nation. The challenge was started by University of Arizona head women's basketball coach, Niya Butts, in early June. Since then, women's basketball coaches from all across the nation have been getting splashed for the worthy cause.
Joining Garrity was assistant coach Mike Merrill and volunteer assistant Amanda Parris as the Trojans carried out three water coolers filled with water to pour on their coaches.


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KILLEEN (January 16, 2013)—Robin Ann Hetherington, 56, whose body was found in December in a fire-damaged house in Killeen, committed a fiery suicide, police said Wednesday.
"Evidence at and taken from the scene, and the history at the residence, indicates a flammable liquid was poured in the interior of the structure and ignited," police said in a brief update Wednesday.
"The fire was intentionally set and determined to have been used as a means of suicide."
A Killeen police officer who was patrolling the area on Dec. 18, found the body after he heard a fire alarm coming from inside the home at 2709 Taft St. and went to investigate.
As he looked in a window he saw fire damage and the woman's body lying on the floor.
The audible fire alarm likely is the only reason police found the woman's body as quickly as they did.
Information released by the Killeen fire marshal showed that by the time officers were alerted to the incident the fire was out and there was no more smoke inside the home.
The fire, which evidently was started in the living room, caused smoke damage throughout the house and left a film of black soot on floors, walls and ceilings.


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Take care or your pet when heading to the water with a dog life vest from Paws Aboard. For help with dog training, we offer electronic dog trainers, dog training collars, and tracking collars from Tri-Tronics, DT Systems, and Sportdog. We have Ruffwear leashes, collars, dog cooling vests, and paw protection, plus High Tech Pet electric dog fences.
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6 Famous News Stories That Forgot to Tell You the Best Part
#3. The Russian Spy Who Was Killed by Putin With Radioactive Poisoning Had Lots of Enemies
You may not remember the name Alexander Litvinenko, but you probably remember his very weird story, because it seemed to have come from the pre-credits scene in a James Bond movie.
This is the photo you're probably most familiar with.
He was a former member of the Soviet FSB (successor to the KGB) who defected to the United Kingdom. In 2006, he drank tea that, unbeknownst to him, was laced with the radioactive metal polonium-210. He died a few months later, and the entire world gave Vladimir Putin an indiscreet nod, because who else could have done it? The man looks more like a Bond villain than any actual Bond villain. And besides, who the hell else would even think to murder someone with freaking radioactive material?
The Story You Didn't Know:
It helps to back up a bit and learn the rest of Litvinenko's story.
The Guardian
Starting with this picture.
The man had enemies. Lots of them. Litvinenko bragged that he was going to use his KGB knowledge to blackmail corrupt Russian higher-ups and mafia, some of whom were known for being goddamned Russian mafia. And P.S.: Soviet defectors were almost never killed, but the same can't be said about folks who screw with corrupt Russian businessmen.
In fact, Litvinenko told a Russian academic that he had a whole dossier on how a Russian oil company was taken over by the Russian state and other information on plenty of other entities who had run afoul of the Kremlin over the years, not to mention the Kremlin itself.
After all, he wrote Blowing Up Russia for Dummies.
But not everyone can get a hold of a radioactive substance like polonium, right? That's what made the whole thing so weird, that the assassin would make such a brazen "only someone with access to nukes could have done this" statement.
Well, not so fast. Polonium is actually used in some consumer products, specifically stuff to eliminate static electricity. Here's an anti-static bar full of polonium that you can order today. You could presumably poison yourself if you ate it. Don't. Obviously. But you could if you wanted to.
Now you can poison whoever you want, and Putin will take the blame!
#2. EgyptAir Flight 990 Crashed Because of a Sexual Misconduct Charge, Not Jihad
On Halloween, 1999, an EgyptAir flight crashed into the Atlantic Ocean, killing all passengers and crew on board. In the subsequent investigation, the black box indicated that there was nothing mechanically wrong with the plane, and that relief pilot Gameel al-Batouti was recorded saying "I rely on God" before disabling the autopilot and throwing the plane into a dive. The plane crashed 60 miles from Massachusetts.
Man, God really dropped the ball.
So, it had to be a suicide attack, right? September 11 was still a few years away, but everyone knew what an intentional suicide mission looked like. And even though Egypt's investigation concluded that there had to be a mechanical failure on the plane, Egypt was being run by a guy who sent his one and only political rival to jail for forgery, so it's not like we're talking about a transparent investigation. Sure enough, the official report on the American side recorded zero mechanical failures and ruled that al-Batouti had intentionally crashed the plane.
And even in 1999, when Americans heard "Gameel al-Batouti intentionally crashed the plane," they immediately thought, "Jihad."
The Story You Didn't Know:
Relief pilot al-Batouti could have been named Jim Bob Nutsflinger and he still would have had the incentive to crash EgyptAir 990. He didn't snap because he wanted to get 72 virgins in heaven, but because he'd just been reprimanded over sexual misconduct and demoted from his U.S.-to-Egypt route. In fact, he was told hours before the flight that this particular flight was to be his last. Oh, and the guy who was responsible for the demotion was on the flight, along with a shit-ton of other EgyptAir crew.
"So I'm just going to hand you this loaded gun so I can make insulting gestures about the size of your penis."
None of this information actually made it onto the official National Transportation Safety Board report, because the NTSB is not in the business of writing a soap opera script. Nor did the revenge theory make it into Egypt's official investigation, because according to them, al-Batouti was a martyr, and "America's goal is to hide the truth by blaming the EgyptAir pilot." The only reason why we know about the possible motive is because another EgyptAir pilot passed on the information to the FBI when he tried to defect from his country.
All we know for sure is that a guy with a history of flashing his privates at college students had a really bad day and apparently decided to take it out on 216 other people.
#1. The Space Shuttle Columbia Disaster Almost Happened Again Two Years Later
Even if you don't remember the date, you probably remember where you were and what you were doing on February 1, 2003, the day the space shuttle Columbia was destroyed while trying to re-enter the Earth's atmosphere.
The cause of the accident was eventually traced back to a simple piece of foam insulation, about the size of a briefcase and weighing less than 5 pounds, which had broken off from the main fuel tank during launch. This had happened on several other prior launches, but that day the foam hit Columbia where it counted, right in the reinforced carbon-carbon tiling on the left wing.
Of course, NASA took steps to keep this from happening again, so when Discovery was launched on the program's return to flight two years after that shitty February day, it was assumed that the foam issue was solved. Obviously.
The Story You Didn't Know:
It wasn't.
"Well, that doesn't look good."
In the final briefing before Discovery's 2005 launch, flight director Wayne Hale recalls getting news that after two years of rigorous testing, no one was sure how Columbia's foam got loose during launch. But they were going to launch Discovery anyway, because ... space? No one knows why NASA went ahead with the launch -- especially when the exact same foam insulation accident happened again. Foam got liberated during Discovery's launch and hit the wing. Just like Columbia. Boom. SPACE.
The good news was that the Discovery crew knew about the hit and could do a heat shield inspection when they got to the International Space Station. And that it appeared that the damage wasn't enough that the shuttle would meet with disaster upon reentry, which was great news for both the crew, the Smithsonian, where it was eventually housed, and the billions who avoided the terror of watching that happen again.
NASA eventually figured out that the foam was cracking because of an internal thermal cycle happening in the fuel tanks. They found this out five months after the Discovery crew had landed safely back on Earth. Yay?
Steve Jurvetson
"We have zero gravity on tap! It's a miracle we get anything done!"
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SUNRISE, Fla. – Florida Panthers Executive VP/General Manager Dale Tallon announced today that the club has acquired RW Jimmy Hayes and D Dylan Olsen from the Chicago Blackhawks in exchange for RW Kris Versteeg and LW Philippe Lefebvre.
"We are pleased to welcome both Jimmy and Dylan to the Panthers," said Tallon. "Jimmy is a young, strong, hardworking, versatile forward who brings both size and skill to our team. Dylan, a former first round draft pick, is a young, solid defenseman who adds further depth to our blue line. We thank Kris for his contributions to the Panthers, including helping us win the 2011-2012 Southeast Division Championship, and wish him the best of luck in his return to Chicago."
Hayes, 23, has played in 43 career NHL games, all with Chicago (2011-2014) scoring six goals with seven assists and 16 PIM. The 6-foot-6, 221-pound forward scored 25 goals and registered 45 points in 67 games for Rockford (AHL) last season. This season, Hayes has recorded eight points (4-4-8) in 13 games with Rockford (AHL), while also appearing in two games for the Blackhawks.
The Dorchester, Massachusetts, native played three years of college hockey at Boston College (2008-2011) registering 81 points (42-39-81) in 117 games played. Hayes won a NCAA Frozen Four Championship during his sophomore season. He was drafted by the Toronto Maple Leafs in the second round (60th overall) in the 2008 NHL Entry Draft.
Olsen, 22 has played in 28 career NHL games, all with Chicago (2011-2012), registering one assist and six PIM. He has played in 18 games with Rockford (AHL) this season recording eight assists and eight PIM.
The 6-foot-2, 214-pound blue liner, who was born in Salt Lake City, Utah, played two seasons (2009-2011) at the University of Minnesota-Duluth recording 24 points (2-22-24) in 53 games played. He was drafted by the Chicago Blackhawks in the first round (28th overall) in the 2009 NHL Entry Draft.


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Cancer Treatment
Information about cancer treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, clinical trials, proton therapy, complementary medicine, and cutting edge technologies.
Getting Cancer Treatment? Start Here !
Biologic Therapy Biologic therapies work by helping the immune system to function better by using substances that occur naturally in your body to fight cancer. Biologic therapies include Gene Therapy and Vaccine Therapies. Bone Marrow Transplants Support and information for bone marrow, peripheral blood stem cell, and cord blood transplants. Chemotherapy Information about chemotherapy treatment, drugs and side effects. Includes an overview of the treatment process and OncoLink Rx, a list of teaching sheets about chemotherapy drugs. Clinical Trials Tools to help empower cancer patients to evaluate research studies for which they may be eligible. Includes the OncoLink/EmergingMed Clinical Trials Matching Service, which encourages patients to seek out and consider clinical trials for the treatment of their cancer. OncoLink/EmergingMed Clinical Trials Complementary and Alternative Medicine A guide to help you navigate the realm of complementary and alternative medicine with tips and warnings on treatments such as herbals, vitamins, chemicals, diet, meditation, massage, acupuncture, and body-mind therapy. Gene Therapy Find out how researchers are trying to use this cutting edge therapy in an attempt to boost the immune system and improve the body's natural ability to fight cancer. Getting Treatment? Start Here! While on cancer treatments, you may be searching for different information than when you were first diagnosed. Use this page to get started. Hormone Therapy Support and information about the various hormonal therapies used to treat several types of cancer, including breast and prostate cancer. Hospital Helpers Find tips for coping with hospitalization and situations that arise when in the hospital. Interventional Radiology Interventional Radiology (IR) is a specialty that performs minimally-invasive procedures to treat cancer and manage certain side effects of cancer. Procedures & Diagnostic Tests Articles explaining the many tests used to diagnose and monitor cancer, including radiology tests, various types of biopsies, tests to evaluate the gastrointestinal track, tumor markers and more. Proton Therapy Proton therapy is an advanced form of radiation therapy currently in use at a limited number of centers worldwide. Radiation Information about radiation therapy and treatment side effects. Includes information on Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). Surgery Support and information about the various surgical procedures used to treat many types of cancer. Targeted Therapies This multi-part educational section describes the science behind targeted therapies and reviews the major classes of targeted therapies. This section will only discuss approved therapies. Vaccine Therapies One of the more complex topics in cancer treatment and one of the most rapidly changing fields of cancer research.
KeywordsClick on any of these terms for more related articles
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