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In Dwarf Fortress you can have hundreds of Dwarves, animals, goblins, etc in game at any one time, each with their own complex AI and pathfinding routines. My question is how does this not produce noticeable slowdown? Does each Dwarf run in its own thread?
Any system which had a thread for each of so many characters would run out of resources very quickly. Threads may give you access to extra processor cores but they don't make anything intrinsically more efficient, and they come with overhead.
The simple answer is just to be efficient about processing each entity in the game.
Dwarf Fortress is not open source, and while there is a lot of conjecture and reverse engineering that can go into how that all works, I will instead focus on some basic techniques for optimizing a 3D (not 3D graphics, 3D world) roguelike of the same type.
As is the case with all video games there are a lot of smoke and mirrors that are creating the illusion of complexity from simple rules and systems. These range from using simple random numbers for aimless movement all the way out to pre-baking a high-level mesh of nodes for pathfinding.
Speaking of pathfinding, this can often be a very difficult problem to solve for large spaces like a DF map can be (as much as 768x768x64 IIRC) however the problem can be simplified and sped up in these ways:
I won't cover the basics of pathfinding. Most roguelikes use A*, but there are other methods to skin the cat. Mmmm Cat leather..
Personal Tasks
One of the major things that makes DF units pop and feel alive is their personal goal list. In truth many roguelike games have this on a basic level. Essentially each unit has a list of desires (and for your dorfs, tasks they might pick up that you're asking to be done) and they will pick from them based on their personality (stats.)
Some tasks have requirements. Making a leather skirt requires the dorf be in such-and-such a shop that has X items. So those all are checked and added as tasks to their list. Simple as that.
Since most of the time a unit will be in transit, the checks for what units are doing can be very fast, only a few units will be making a choice at any given moment, and so overall there is no slow down even for hundreds or thousands of units. And remember, in DF everything from bees to troglodytes to trees are units.
In doing some additional research it is clear that, hilariously, DF is doing a terrible job of pathfinding in general. It isn't breaking the map into chunks, it is breaking the map into segments or areas that are connected, (which is better than nothing for sure) so my above assessment is even less an example of how DF works than I thought. :) Which is not to say that DF is anything less than amazing for a million other reasons.
It goes to show that what is important in a game is the game play. Not graphics, not great programing, not great writing, not great music, not even the interface; nothing else is even 1% as important as the game itself.
From this page:
I don't know if this is definitely how he prevents "flooding the map", but the usual way to do this in games is using an alteration to A* called Hierarchical Path-Finding A*, or HPA*. The idea is to break the grid into many fewer but larger chunks, then use A* to find the best path from each chunk to its neighboring chunks. You can use this to build a much smaller graph over which to run A* for each unit over.
You can also group those chunks into even larger chunks, which is where the "hierarchical" comes from.
This algorithm only finds near-optimal paths, but for games like Dwarf-Fortress that is usually ok. It is still guaranteed to find a path if one exists; and when there is no path, it will only flood-fill the smaller graph, saving an enormous amount of time.
There is also an abstraction of HPA* that deals with units which can go over some terrain but not others (such as cliffs, which air-units can traverse over but ground-units can't). It's called HAA*, and there is a very accessible article explaining it here.
You can read more about various pathfinding algorithms here.
If anything, it's the opposite - the whole thing runs on one thread and it's now hitting the point where that is becoming the blocking factor (last time I checked!)
The reason it's fast is that there's no fancy graphics. It's deceptive, but the main thing that slows stuff down is drawing things (think upwards of two thirds of a frame in AAA titles). Since dwarf fortress is quite basic, it devotes the rest of that time to doing interesting things.
I don't know how DF is coded but the amount of AIs doesn't really impress me because what people often oversee it that AI doesn't need precision. It's perfectly viable to do most stuff only every few seconds. It's also viable to use imprecise calculations. Imperfection saves a lot performance. You can run the decision making routine of 100 units every 100 ms, or you can run it for 1000 units every second, it will take the same amount of CPU time but well... you have 10 times the units.
Here is a simple example how one could handle a lot units:
The AI will become less and less responsive the more there are, but the player probably will only notice it in extreme cases.


text: So many of you guys requested this lesson so here it is. "How to draw Steve from Minecraft", step by step. This is just another figure from the Minecraft game, and as you can see not much is different other than the colors and some additional changes like the facial hair. Even though Steve looks like a simple character to replicate, you might want to have a ruler handy when tackling this lesson on drawing Minecraft Steve. I will be back soon with more tuts. For those of you that requested this guy, have fun with it. Peace peeps.

subset: commoncrawl


text: Gunning for trouble Though they have every right to do so under the First Amendment, newspapers don't publish how-to articles about building bombs, cracking safes, burglarizing homes and getting around security systems. Responsible editors and publishers know there are times when restraint better serves public safety. The Journal News of southeastern New York state should have weighed this before publishing the names and addresses of licensed gun owners in Westechester and Rockland counties to stoke public passions in the wake of the Dec. 14 Sandy Hook Elementary School massacre. Yes, the newspaper published public information, but the disclosure most benefited criminals, first by telling them where they could go to steal guns and ammunition and then, by the process of elimination, giving them a roadmap to unarmed homes ripe for invasions.


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When booting to the graphical desktop fails we sometimes are recommended to boot into a "root shell" or to boot in "recovery mode".
How do I do that?
When booting to the graphical desktop fails we sometimes are recommended to boot into a "root shell" or to boot in "recovery mode".
How do I do that?
for 12.04.3 LTS and later
During boot press and hold the left Shift key or any other key. This will bring up the Grub2 menu from where we can select "Advanced options for Ubuntu".
After that we will be able to select the kernel we wish to boot in "Recovery mode":
This will lead us to the advanced options. By selecting "Enable networking" we gain access to our network and the internet for upgrades or downloads, and we will also mount our hard drives in read/write mode in case we need to edit files.
After the network has loaded, and fielsystems were mounted we will be presented again with the menu, from where we can choose "Drop to a root shell propmpt":
Note that we are root in this shell. Hence no sudo is needed for administrative tasks. This also means we have full access to all files, and we may cause irreversible damage to our system if we made a mistake.
If we had not enabled read/write access with "Enable networking" the filesystem will be mounted read only, and we are unable to edit files.
In case we don't have access to a network, or this was not desired, we can remount our filesystem(s) giving write access with the following command:
From the root shell type
for 12.04.0 LTS or earlier
During the boot process of the computer we press and hold the left Shift key. This will bring up the Grub2 boot menu from where we can select "recovery mode" (usually the second boot entry).
This will lead to the Grub2 recovery menu:
"Drop to root shell prompt" gives you a command line root environment from where you can access your files as root (no
Choose "Resume normal boot" to proceed booting as usual.
Note: see this question for a solution when the Grub recovery menu does not load the shell.
Thank you for your interest in this question.
Because it has attracted low-quality or spam answers that had to be removed, posting an answer now requires 10 reputation on this site (the association bonus does not count).
Would you like to answer one of these unanswered questions instead?


text:
Oct. 3, 2012 -- "Drop 30 pounds in two months!"
We've all seen ads for miracle diets that promise to help us shed weight in days, weeks, or months.
But what happens next?
Do people stay the course and maintain the loss, or regain the weight with a vengeance?
A team of Israeli researchers followed participants for four years after an initial two-year workplace-based study to try and answer these questions. Participants followed one of three weight loss plans: a low-fat, low-calorie diet; a Mediterranean-style, low-calorie diet; or a low-carb eating plan without calorie restrictions.
Overall, the Mediterranean diet led to the most dramatic changes, but people on the other diets also did pretty well. A Mediterranean diet is rich in fruits, vegetables, fish, whole grains, legumes, healthy fats like olive oil, and moderate amounts of alcohol. It is also low in sweets, meats, and saturated fats like butter.
Eighty-six percent of the participants were men, and most were considered moderately obese when the study began. Researchers also educated their spouses about the diet so changes could be made at home, too.
At two years, 85% of the participants were still following their diet programs. Participants on the Mediterranean diet and low-carb diet lost more weight than those on the low-fat diet.
Four years after the study officially ended, 67% of participants were still on their eating plan, 11% had switched to another a type of diet, and 22% were not dieting at all.
Mediterranean Diet Is the Winner
Everyone regained some of the weight they had lost in the original study, but all were thinner than when the study first began. The weight loss was highest in the Mediterranean and low-carb groups for the entire six-year period: about 7 pounds and close to 4 pounds, respectively. All participants also showed improvements in their total cholesterol levels.
"Our study suggests that the Mediterranean and low-carb diets have better [cholesterol] effects, as well as less weight regain," says researcher Dan Schwarzfuchs, MD, of the Negev Nuclear Research Center in Dimona, Israel. "When a person needs to change their life habits, I try to tailor the diet to their personal preferences with precedence to Mediterranean or low-carb diets."


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How does one solve:
Find the equation of the circle which has it's center on the line $y= 3-x$ , and which has as tangents the lines $ 2y-x = 22, $ $ 2x+y=11 $ ?
How does one solve:
Find the equation of the circle which has it's center on the line $y= 3-x$ , and which has as tangents the lines $ 2y-x = 22, $ $ 2x+y=11 $ ?
Let $(a,b)$ be the center of the circle. Since the center lies on the line $y=3-x$, then we have $b=3-a$. The equation of the circle if the center on $(a,b)$ and radius $r$ is $$ (x-a)^2+(y-b)^2=r^2\tag1 $$ and the equation of its tangent line is $$ (x_c-a)(x-a)+(y_c-b)(y-b)=r^2,\tag2 $$ where $(x_c,y_c)$ is point of contact. Equation $(2)$ can be written as $$ (x_c-a)x+(y_c-b)y=r^2+a(x_c-a)+b(y_c-b).\tag3 $$ The tangent lines are $$ -x+2y=22\tag4 $$ and $$ 2x+y=11.\tag5 $$ Using $b=3-a$, comparing $(3)$ and $(4)$ yields $x_1-a=-1$, $y_1-b=2$, and $$ \begin{align} r^2+a(x_1-a)+b(y_1-b)&=22\\ r^2+a(-1)+b(2)&=22\\ r^2-a+2(3-a)&=22\\ r^2-3a&=16.\tag6 \end{align} $$ Similarly, comparing $(3)$ and $(5)$ yields $x_2-a=2$, $y_2-b=1$, and $$ \begin{align} r^2+a(x_2-a)+b(y_2-b)&=11\\ r^2+a&=8.\tag7 \end{align} $$ Solving $(6)$ and $(7)$ yields $a=-2$, $b=5$, and $r^2=10$. Thus, using $(1)$, the equation of the circle is $$ \Large\color{blue}{(x+2)^2+(y-5)^2=10}. $$
$$\Large\color{blue}{\text{# }\mathbb{Q.E.D.}\text{ #}}$$
Hint: Can you use the two tangent lines you have to find a line which must pass through the centre of the circle?
I suggest sketching a diagram.
And I suggest you give more detail of what you know about tangents and circles, and what you have tried.
The sphere center must lie on the dichotomus of the two lines which isn't hard to find. That fact together with the other line equation will give you the solution.QED


text:
Conducting an initial interview with sexual assault survivors requires a specialized skill set. Join VRLC Staff Attorney Laura Mahr for this free webinar in which participants will learn the step-by-step process involved in conducting an effective holistic intake interview. The webinar will also outline the seven areas of civil law that may offer solutions to survivors' most pressing needs, as well as the key discussions that advocates and attorneys can have with survivors in order to identify and address their unique concerns. Note: Due to limited space, this webinar is for LAV grantee and sub-grantees only. However, they are taking a waiting list of non-LAV grantees. If your organization is not an LAV grantee or sub-grantee, you can use the registration link above to be added to the waitlist, and they will contact you should space become available.
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This site is supported by Grant/ Cooperative Agreement No. 1UF2CE002359-03 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.


text: Have fun learning how to draw a tiger cub step by step with this fun, easy to follow lesson. Tigers are not only beautiful specimens; they are also very fierce as well. There is many ways that one can draw a tiger, but for me it has become a simple process. I had fun with this tutorial because I think tiger cubs are absolutely adorable. They really do remind me of domestic kittens whenever they are at play. There really isn't too much more I can say in this tutorial. All I can do now is show you "how to draw tiger a cub" with ease. Have fun people, and remember to join me for more drawing fun later, and every day after.


text: hey there guys! mitsumi here again. today i am going to show you how to draw my favorite symbol. everyday in my classes at school i sign my name with this little symbol next to it. i dont know how i came up with it but i started drawing it all the time.


text:
Coupling is a British sitcom written by Steven Moffat. The shows about the dating and sexual adventures and mishaps of six friends.
9k views
Why did Richard Coyle leave 'Coupling'?
In Coupling, Richard Coyle (Jeff Murdock) left the series before the 4th season. Does anybody know the reason? I looked at the IMDb and Wikipedia pages but couldn't find any useful information.


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Could Greg Jennings wind up returning to Packers?
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The Florida paper gave some pretty good reasons why the Dolphins should pursue Mike Wallace;
I still think Seattle makes a decent play for Jennings if he's on the market for a week or so.
Like Thompson, Schneider is all about the smart $$$. And getting a WR is the best $$ Seattle can spend given Russell Wilsons lack of weapons.Hide replies
There could be an open line of communication between Kansas City and Jennings. New Chiefs general manager, John Dorsey, was influential in selecting the wide receiver out of Western Michigan in the second round of the 2006 NFL draft.
Jennings is a smaller, possession wide receiver who would fit perfectly in Reid's system. Though Bowe could find success here as well, both could also thrive in a new setting—and Jennings could come at a lesser cost at this point in their careers. I won't be surprised if Dorsey tends to pursue Jennings like Miami will.
Not so sure about Seattle.
I would be surprised if Seattle, KC and Miami weren't all in on Jennings.
Re: the offer the Packers made a year ago - do you think that offer stands after the injury riddled season he had? I would guess that TT would lower it.
Schneider and Carroll won't get involved at Jackson $$.
I have no doubt they would outbid Thompson though.
.. Shefter believe the Cheifs will keep Bowe;
' "The Chiefs are gonna figure out a way to keep him," said Schefter. The Chiefs prefer a long-term deal, but they may not want to commit Vincent Jackson money to Bowe for fear of "decreased effort" once he gets paid. Keeping Bowe hungry and in another contract year could prevent against that. If tagged consecutively, Bowe would command over $11 million guaranteed for the 2013 season. '
.. doubt they have $$$ for Bowe, and (potentially) T Brandon Albert, as well as Jennings.
Too bad this isn't the NBA.
Thompson could do a Jennings sign-and-trade for Eric Berry.
I know the Packers will pitch in offer at Jennings and wait on his reply. I think Jennings will take a look else where and if no one wants him ( I know some one will) He will return to GB. Nobody knows whats going on in the background with Jennings except the major players in his negotiations. I would rather keep Matthews and Rodgers before retaining Jennings. We are will be fine without him.
I question whether the offense will be fine without him. He's their most productive WR, hands down. And they seemed signifigantly handicapped in 2012, with Jennings was the missing ingredient.
.. I don't have a real feel whether he'll be back or not.
Neither do I Mel and I can see your concern but in accentuality Cobb was in 2012 the most productive receiver overall and Jones was the most productive in the redzone. I am confident the Packers receiving corps will do fine without Jennings but could also be wrong only the production on the field will tell me so. IMHO
I don't know I just like Cobbs explosiveness and with a year under the belt playing more in jennings spot he could grow into something amazing.
As effective as Jones and Cobb were, I really think that Jordy Nelson needs to return to health for the Packers to have a consistent offense> His size and speed create such matchup nightmares.
Great post Kareem, I never thought of that I Know when he fell off the map at the end of the year he was playing through injury so 100% would make a huge differance.
I love Cobb. I hope and believe he can be unleashed in 2013 and beyond.
I think Nelson can get back to something similar to 2011. Prob not 15 tds, but I can see him hiting 1000 yards again.
I'm not a Jones-believer. I think he will stay in the 600-700 yard range, nothing more. For a #3 receiver, that's fine. But talk of him as a #1 is just comical, IMO.
Jennings was The Man.
His 5-year averages from 2007-2011: 68 rec 1107 yds 16.2 yds/rec 9 tds
No receiver on this roster will duplicate that, IMO. It's worrisome, and I openly question McCarthy's ability to function without a player of Jennings magnitude. He's clearly struggled since Jennings was hurt late in 2011.
You really cannot say no receiver will duplicate that. I think Cobb can and possibly top that . Either or the Packers offense will continue to be one of the best in the NFL.
I just did. And that is what I believe.
McCarthy will have to prove me wrong. I'm not convinced he can at this point watching the struggles of last season.
From a production standpoint, Jordy Nelson, James Jones and Randall Cobb should more than fill the void—as they did for large portions of this season.
While not a perfect fit, Jones especially has shown a knack for getting open long, and he made huge strides the last two seasons in securing the ball.
With Cobb cutting dangerous underneath routes, Jones going long and Nelson doing everything else and then some, the Packers shouldn't miss a beat after losing Jennings
2013 will tell the story.
Hopefully it's a good one.
REC 80 YRDS 954 Yrds AVR 11.9 TD's 8
Very solid year for Cobb who just started playing a main role on the offense. Just saying I m confident with Cobb.
i agree with mel.
i don't have the numbers but the packers offense did slow down when jennings was out. last year as well.
he's a pure go-to guy that needs to be replaced, either collectively or individually.
since it doesn't appear they currently have that go-to guy, pending cobb, they need the entire group to really step up. i think if all goes as planned, jones repeating his 64 catches would be optimal behind cobb and nelson.
You can agree all you want with Mel however it does not make either you two any more correct. Now you cannot truly say that Cobb is not a go-to guy and neither you cannot say Nelson is not either.
Cobb is only in his 2nd year and he had like performance's of Randy Moss in his 2nd season with the only exception is that Moss played all 16 games while Cobb did not and still caught 80 passes for a very good 954 yards and an awesome 8 TD's only 4 behind Jone's 12. Now tell me thats not impressive and shows great things ahead for Cobb knowing he is only in YEAR 2. I think Cobb WILL be our go-to guy if we are unable to retain Jennings.
Nelson he was clearly the star in the super bowl and clearly the best WR in 2011. He too can carry the torch but to be honest I think Cobb has it down. Either or without Jennings the Packers receiving will be fine. We also will find out what Boykins and Ross can do and nobody knows if TT will add to that depth in the draft.
Your right the offense did slow down went from 1 to 9. They slowed down but not by a lot.
Cobb is very good and Nelson can certainly make plays but they were both more effective when Jennings was drawing the focus as the primary threat. Not as effective without him.
Oh, and did you actually ever see Moss in his early years? I'm no big fan of his but comparing Moss with Cobb? Please! Moss was all-world in his early years, especially against us; Cobb is good.
You can disagree with Mel and packer blood all you want and that doesn't make you any more correct.
Jennings was the guy the Steelers were shadowing in the Super Bowl.... and they still couldn't cover him.
Sidebar on the references to Dorsey. He told the KC Star the other day that in 25 years of conducting interviews at the Combine the most impressive interview he ever had - hands down in his words - was with Russell Wilson. Said he saw right away that veteran players would follow him. Personality and leadership skills.
KC- When Jennings was gone is when you saw Cobb rising to be the top guy. Perhaps you forget is that Jennings was injured for majority of the season and in that time you saw what Cobb can truly do.
P Man--
The thing is I could be correct in the long run just as much as I was correct about A rodg in 2008 when he first took over as QB.
Sure I actually saw Moss in his early years and Cobb actually reminded me of that. Moss scored 3 more TD's than Cobb in his second year and a handful more yards. I only compared Cobb's and Moss's 2nd years not their entire career. If Cobb can stay healthy I think Cobb will become something special like Moss was to Minn is what Cobb is and will be to GB. This discussion kind of reminded me of when I compared Rodgers 2nd year with Favre's. I mean I could be wrong if Cobb starts getting injury fever but when Healthy I see Cobb becoming our go to guy no matter how you look at it.
cobb and moss are two completely different WRs and honestly, cobb doesn't shake a stick at the threat moss presented in his early years.
Not entirely Cobb has skill sets and talents of an elite WR and can he get there yes will he? I think so but time will tell. I think Cobb can be BETTER than Jennings.
Your right on one thing they are two different WR's in different systems.
cobb can be better than jennings.
he's not the threat moss was. that has nothing to do with system.
moss was a whole different animal.
Cobb has shown he could be a very good receiver but not yet showing "elite". He is not in the Calvin Johnson, eary Moss, Fitzgerald, etc. class by a long shot. Those guys are off the charts and showed it early. System is irrelevant when you have true "elte" talent.
Amen pb!
Moss could have been the second coming of Don Hutson.
He could have shattered any receiving record in the book. As it is, he's the 2nd best WR of all-time statistically, and he half-@$$zzed it for large chunks of his career.
As much as I love Cobb, he'll never have that kind of impact on an offense.
Cobb was not the big play threat Jennings was. None of us like that fact, but it's undebateable.
Mel-- Cobb made a lot of big plays this year and the only reason he is not YET a big play threat is because had so much playing time at the position FULL TIME. Cobb with his skills sets and talents will become bigger than Jennings ever was. No he may not be the second coming of Moss but with his SKILL SET no one could really not say he cannot achieve likewise success.
moss averaged 75/1388/14 his 1st 3 seasons.
that has nothing to do with playing time nor system.
i love cobb and think he can be an excellent WR.
comparing him to randy moss is like comparing cj spiller to jim brown.
Jennings blew the lid off this offense with consistency. I'll go dig up the 40-yard play stat. The offense missed that BIG TIME last year.
Randall Cobb will not come remotely close to duplicating Moss' career.
I believe Larry Fitzgerald is the best WR in teh League, and he won't even come close to duplicating Moss' career statistically. Not.even.close
- Jennings has the most catches (30) of 40-plus yards in the league, since 2007
- Of his 53-career TD catches, 18 of them have been at least 40 yards or more.
I do not believe James Jones, Jordy Nelson, or Randall Cobb have the ability to duplicate that.
For crying out loud; Larry Fitzgerald, Reggie Wayne, Wes Welker.. the games VERY BEST were bested by Jennings in that category.
that's a lot of 40-yard plays.
cobb could start hitting them at that level, it all depends how they use him. he knows how to get downfield and he makes plays.
we shall see.
Maybe the Packers could stay in contact with the agent, and make a modest increase in their offer to Jennings at some point, which would help him "swallow his pride." Keeping Jennings would be a great thing, at the right price.Hide replies
Only if that modest increase stills allows us to resign Rodgers and others.
Hes already up around 8M correct? SO, it might not take more then that to sign him..GB is 20M under so there should be some cash with a smaller raise of 1M or so per year.
GJ doesn't count against that $20 mil. He is a free agent. Add his $8 mil back in and almost 50% of our space goes bye-bye.
Are you sure? Jennings isnt a FA officially until March. For example we were app. 7M plus,then we officially cut Woodson and Saturday,Now GB is 20M.
You could be right of course,but, Jennings and others are not official until March ??? ( meaning players can resign with their own teams but cant sign with someone else until the period of FA starts,again in March ????)
jennings no longer effects their projected cap space. what pantry is saying is only if jennings is re-signed does he then impact the cap.
Nobody will give Jennings 8 mil a year and neither should the Packers.
If Jennings and the Packers are both as professional as they seem to be, then there is be no need for "forgiveness", "swallowing one's pride", etc.
Jennings has said that it's all business, so if he doesn't get a good deal, then he should be able to return to the Packers with no hard feelings. The Packers should take him back without batting an eye. Jennings loved being a Packer, loved Packer fans.....so what's the problem??Hide replies
I agree its all business. We all would love to have Greg back, but there is only so much salary cap room. Where do we get this space?
- $20,000,000/year for Aaron Rodgers
- $10,000,000/year for Clay Mathews
I would love for those numbers to be lower, so please correct me if you have a better estimate.
If Jennings expects to get paid big money, he needs to stay healthy.Hide replies
Thats a big if,especially since he hadnt been healthy over the past few seasons and hes hitting 30
well, considering he'll get the contract before the next season, technically, he no longer needs to stay healthy to get paid big money.
we've got jones, and i love it. he's going to make everyone forget jennings; he's already begun to.Hide replies
Umm....I haven't forgotten Jennings one bit, and I never will forget him, so take me off your list.
I believe Randall Cobb will be the number 1 WR and a star in the future and certainly ahead of Jones as well.
Cobb may end up with the most catches, but he won't be the "official" #1 WR. That designation usually goes to the "big" WR's. Wes Welker is an exception to the rule. If Cobb continues to be the return man, then he definitely won't get the #1 designation.
I'm with you. Plays well, has a great attitude, fun to watch. Multiple receivers are what Rodgers needs, and he and Jennings have great rapport. I, for one, hope he comes back.
Jennings has been a good player for the Packers. The past two years have been tough for him and the Packers because of his injuries. I think the Packers and Jennings should negotiate the best deal and move onward. Jennings would be an excellent ex-Packer someday. It's a short career, so stay with the green and gold and go out a winner.
Me personally I think he will join Miami to play for Joe Philbin. Jennings He had this to say while appearing on Dolphins' radio/web show The Finsiders, via the Palm Beach Post.
"Joe, how you doing. Remember me?", said Jennings when asked about his former coach.
I've prepared my family for change," the two-time Pro-Bowler said. "Wherever I end up, if it's outside of Green Bay, we're ready to be great wherever we go."
"He was a great coach to play for," Jennings said. "He's one of those guys that you can have a relationship outside of football. As a player you admire a coach when he actually opens himself up like that."
With the Dolphins having up to $40 million in cap space, looks like Jennings to Miami is certainly a possibility.
GO PACK GO!!Hide replies
Everyone else pretty much feels that.Miami or Minnesota where they need a deep threat
MM/TT know what they have with Greg Jennings, so while the position is deep, #85 brings more to the team than stats and would be welcomed back by the entire organization and fan base as everyone understands how the "business" side of things works; there is no 'forgiveness' or 'pride swallowing' about it. It's his right to test the FA market, so he should, but if any considerable weight is put into his age/health, I think he does have a good chance of landing back in GB. Ross and Boykin look good, but there is no margin for injury on a squad starting Jones, Nelson and Cobb; moving on from both Driver and Jennings simultaneously is a little nerve-racking as a fan - that's a 40% overhaul...unless they keep 6 WR's again (...unlikely).
Jennings isn't going to get what he wants from other teams. In a salary cap league, you cannot commit big dollars to older, injury prone players. Greg would be wise to take a 3 or 4 year deal from GB, remain a productive player with a clearly defined role in the offense and a top QB. He will have a chance to break some of DD's records and win another SB. KC? Miami? Not even close to a championship. Jennings comes back to GB for a reduced rate and benefits from a few more years of Rodgers and MM.Hide replies
how do you know what jennings wants?
how do you know what jennings wants?
I won't count Miami out especially with Joe coaching. Jennings has a strong bond with Philbin. We shall see however doubt he stays with GB like Jennings says its a business.
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February 06, 2013
Cape Town summer weather: why so many Northern hemisphere residents come for six months
Cape Town's accolades as one of the world's top travel destinations are well known (take a look at some of our recent awards here), but did you know that Cape Town is also a popular destination for expats, who have decided to leave their country of origin and head for warmer climes?
A good number of international visitors to Cape Town also choose to stay in the Mother City for half the year, returning home for the other half. This group of travellers have been nicknamed "swallows", due to their migratory behaviour. Others still choose to purchase property here, in some of the most sought-after areas like Camps Bay and Clifton, where prices are cheaper but luxury remains paramount.
Cape Town has been recognised as one of the top 20 destinations for expats in a report by Foreign Direct Investment, and is the highest-rated city on continental Africa for quality of life (ranked 89th globally) in the latest survey by Mercer.
Below we look at some of the reasons why expats choose to call Cape Town home:
1. The weather
Obviously. With an average of 283 days of sunshine a year, Cape Town's mild winters and warm, dry summers are a welcome respite from what many expats from up north are used to. And for the swallows, swapping between the Northern and Southern hemisphere offers the chance to enjoy a year-round summer, if you get the timing right.
2. The lifestyle
After-work sundowners, trips to the beach, family hikes or bike rides, dinner at some of the finest restaurants, exploring the winelands region and browsing top-class shopping malls are some of the things Capetonians count as regular pastimes.
3. It's affordable
Sure, it takes a long-haul flight to get here, but once you've arrived, you get some serious bang for your buck. With a favourable exchange rate for those from the UK, Europe or the US, you'll find the prices for things like eating out, doing grocery shopping and paying the bills to be quite agreeable on the pocket.
4. Good housing options
That favourable exchange rate pays off when it comes to buying property, too – many houses in South Africa tend to have big yards, swimming pools and garages, and you can find decent houses at very decent prices in any one of Cape Town's attractive suburban neighbourhoods.
5. We're open for business
Cape Town's European influence means business customs and etiquette are familiar to foreign investors, and Cape Town is a good foothold into the rest of Africa's emerging markets.
6. It's family-friendly
The private healthcare sector in South Africa is world-class, and in Cape Town and the surrounding areas, finding a good school to send the kids will not be difficult. There are also plenty of family-friendly activities to enjoy at the weekends.
7. The culture
South Africa has a rich and vibrant mix of many different cultures from around the world, which makes living here and getting to know your fellow South African – no matter what walk of life they are from – so enriching. The locals are very friendly people, and since English is spoken all over Cape Town, you won't have too much trouble finding your feet away from home. South Africa's European influence from history and the US's influence from TV means that you will find some familiarity here. Foreign visitors are also very common in Cape Town, and so everyone is welcoming and accommodating of expats.
Decide for yourself! Contact us to help you put together a Cape Town holiday, or call us for advice on how to make a permanent move here. Phone us on +27 (0)861 322 223 or email email@example.com.


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After living in Paris for nearly three years I am about to move back to London in two months time. I'd like to do a few new things before I go and would welcome any suggestions that aren't the usual tourist/guidebook fair. Restaurants, museums, streets, tours, markets - anything!
closed as not a real question by RoflcoptrException♦, Karlson, Mark Mayo♦ Feb 25 '13 at 18:05
It's difficult to tell what is being asked here. This question is ambiguous, vague, incomplete, overly broad, or rhetorical and cannot be reasonably answered in its current form. For help clarifying this question so that it can be reopened, visit the help center.If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
There are some 143 vineyards in Paris and Île-de-France. It could be an idea to visit some of them ...
Have a cruise. The Seine is by far the most famous place for this. However, there are other less "touristic" but not less interesting day cruises you can have in and around Paris: Canal Saint-Martin, Marne, and Canal Saint-Denis. I am aware of one company offering such tours. There might be other ones as well ...


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Moderators: SecretSquirrel, notfred
bthylafh wrote:Thing is, if I'm taking that step anyway should I abandon Ubuntu and move to Mint?
BobbinThreadbare wrote:Ok, so on my mom's laptop I put Ubuntu on there back in 2010. So she's running 10.04. Is there a way to upgrade directly from one LTS to another or do I have to go through the 4 versions in order?
End User wrote:BobbinThreadbare wrote:Ok, so on my mom's laptop I put Ubuntu on there back in 2010. So she's running 10.04. Is there a way to upgrade directly from one LTS to another or do I have to go through the 4 versions in order?
Washer wrote: Unity v GNOME3 v Mate v Cinnamon
codedivine wrote:Dude you didnt mention KDE. Give it a try if you havent before?
Washer wrote:codedivine wrote:Dude you didnt mention KDE. Give it a try if you havent before?
You're right, I need to give it a more thorough look. In about a week I'll have a lot more free time, I'll use some of that to check it out.
just brew it! wrote:The main problem with KDE is that it is stupendously bloated. I'm going to give it a try on 12.04 anyway though; hey RAM is cheap! But I suspect I may eventually end up on XFCE...
Washer wrote:By default it is an absolute nightmare if you're switching between multiple windows. Mate is fine and classic.
Overall I'm not completely happy with the desktop environment situation in Linux. I have high hopes for Cinnamon though and I think they'll nail it at some point in the near future.
EDIT: Wanted to ask, those who are using Mint: Are you using the "standard" release or LMDE?
Flatland_Spider wrote:KDE leans heavily on the video drivers. If the video drivers aren't working well, you're experience will suffer.
I upgraded last night. My server runs apt-mirror each night to sync with one of the other mirrors and so I get main, restricted and universe from the server - I don't bother mirroring multiverse. It took 1 minute to download the first 1670 packages from my local mirror and then 4 minutes to get the last 16 multiverse ones across the Internet. Even on my core i7 920 with 6GB of RAM and a Vertex 2 SSD, installation is far longer than download.just brew it! wrote:I started building up a local mirror of the repository at work a few days prior to the official release, and will take a copy of that home on an external hard drive today. Local mirror FTW!
CampinCarl wrote:So, I tried installing 12.04 in VMWare Player...no dice. Won't install VM Tools properly, stuck with CL only. Anyone running into this issue as well? FWIW I just installed 10.04 in VMWare Player no problem.
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One person was killed when the vehicle they were driving crossed the center line and struck a southbound semi. The driver of the semi was transported to the hospital although he escaped the cab of his truck before it caught fire. Check back for more details after the Kansas Highway Patrol releases a report on the accident.
Location, ST | website.com


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ARCast.TV - Cloud Computing is for Small Companies Too
- Posted: Jan 04, 2010 at 6:53AM
- 6,628 views
- 2 comments
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I found this confusing. For those of us, like myself, that have been coding for 10+ years and have also been involved with network app's, I don't really understand his definition of cloud computing. Years ago we used to install an app on a server, then the users of the network accessed the app (not using browser, RDP, or citrix as an example) but through a "dumb" terminal or PC. So we went from big mainframes to LAN's. But the concept was the same. So now this "cloud computing" term comes along, what does that mean. Regressing back to 20 years ago but now using the internet to distribute the app/service. Take for example the use of the word infinite for storage. It's not, you just have a large more powerful entity other than yourself controling the storage (i.e. hardware, etc). Why not just have very robust web applications?
How does one share an OS? Does the recipent machine need some framework (software) to accept the push of the OS and run?
The concept is not the same.
The idea is that you rent as much computing resource as you need. When you do not use it, you
do not pay for it.
Twenty years ago you had to buy as much computing resource as you need for maximum capacity
whether or not you used it. It is not just about hosting or using the Internet.
Comments have been closed since this content was published more than 30 days ago, but if you'd like to continue the conversation, please create a new thread in our Forums, or Contact Us and let us know.


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"Salida del Sol" is sunrise - but doesn't that literally mean "Exit of the Sun"?
Why isn't sunrise "Entrada del Sol" instead?
"Salida del Sol" is sunrise - but doesn't that literally mean "Exit of the Sun"?
Why isn't sunrise "Entrada del Sol" instead?
Because there are another words that can be used, and less used by people I copy two paragraphs from Ministerio de Fomento:
The translation you are doing is the first meaning of salir:
If we consider dentro as the visible part and fuera as the hidden part, but in this case we use the 5th meaning:
(*)The Sun appears on the horizon.
El Sol aparece/sale por el horizonte > Salida del Sol
Yes, "Salida" mean "Exit" but "Salida" here is like "The coming out", for example "La salida es el viernes por la mañana" it's "The trip is on friday morning" because in a trip we are going out somewhere. So, here the sun is coming out of where is hidden. In spanish we can say that the sun "Sale en la mañana" in the rise and "se mete" or "se oculta en la noche" in the sunset so it's like saying the sun comes out and the sun hides.
In spanish the word "salida" means both "exit" (in general) and "start" (of a race, course or circuit).
So, when the judge fires the gun and all the athletes start running 100m, it is "la salida" of the race. In a bicycle race, bikers go from "la salida" to "la meta".
Think on it like the runners, or the sun, is going out from some place: out from the start line, or out from the horizon. This is how it was constructed in spanish.
To "salir" is to "go out."
When used to described the movements of the sun, the analogy is that the sun is "going out" of the ground or earth, into the sky.
It's just a matter of idiom: In English, we say that the sun is "rising" in the sky. In Spanish, we say the sun is "going out," relative to the ground.


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I'm interested in knowing whether it is advisable for computer science students to spend their major chunk of time on the online judges practising programming(like Topcoder and codeforces) or it's more worth to develop a software or contribute to open-source ?
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closed as off-topic by gnat, jwenting, Ixrec, MichaelT, durron597 Apr 25 '15 at 15:09
This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
As an employer my answer would be both.
The topcoder is like training in a martial art every week, you learn new bits, practice and improve.
The open-source software projects is like the competition where you try out the learnings and take the hits.
You can do either in isolation and be either techically great but no real world experience or able to dive in a hack away proficiently without knowing the ground rules, background and learning better ways.
The real answer is to get a very good understanding of the theory and put it into practice as many times and in as many situations as you can. The learning may come from books, lectures, sitting next to more senior developers, asking questions on sites like this, dreaming ideas and seeing if you can build them ... try them all, they will each give you a new perspective.
In my experience, open-source and software projects are worth much more in the eyes of recruiters than solving algorithm problems. Sure, algorithms etc are cool, fun and interesting, but they are only marginally involved in every-day software engineering in practice. Open-source projects are excellent for learning software engineering and quality programming.
To be blunt: I have yet to see any software project fail due to algorithmic difficulties, but I've seen plenty of projects fail due to poor software engineering, technical debt, bad architectures, bugs and poor design.


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Don't Know Much about History: Everything You Need to Know about American History But Never Learned (Hardcover)
A new, completely revised, expanded and updated edition of the million-selling New York Times bestseller that launched the entire Don't Know Much About® series
When Don't Know Much About® History first appeared thirteen years ago, it created a sensation. With humor, wit, great stories, and a trademark conversational style, the book brought Americans a fresh new take on history. Shattering myths and vividly bringing the past to life, it spent thirty-five consecutive weeks on the New York Times bestseller list. Davis proved that Americans don't hate history -- they just hate the dull textbook version they were force-fed in school. The book became an instant classic, an "anti -textbook" that has sold more than 1.3 million copies.
In his irreverent and popular question-and- answer style, Davis now returns with a completely revised edition that brings history right up to the moment -- covering such topics as the end of the Cold War, Clinton's impeachment, the bizarre election of 2000, and the events that led to September 11.
Incorporating new research and discoveries, Davis also updates and expands on such long-standing American controversies as the Jefferson-Hemings affair, the Alger Hiss trial, and the Rosenberg spy case. And he includes an expanded "civics lesson" that examines some of America's hottest social and political issues, such as the death penalty, gun control, and school prayer.
For history buffs and history-phobes alike, longtime fans who need a refresher course, and for a new generation of Americans who are still in the dark about America's past, Davis proves once more why People magazine said, "Reading him is like returning to the classroom of the best teacher you ever had."
About the Author
Kenneth C. Davis is the New York Times bestselling author of A Nation Rising; America's Hidden History; and Don't Know Much About(r) History, which spent thirty-five consecutive weeks on the New York Times bestseller list, sold more than 1.6 million copies, and gave rise to his phenomenal Don't Know Much About(r) series for adults and children. A resident of New York City and Dorset, Vermont, Davis frequently appears on national television and radio and has been a commentator on NPR's All Things Considered. He blogs regularly at www.dontknowmuch.com.


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Through the venture, Foster Wheeler and CEFOC (officially named The Fourth Construction Company of China Electronics System Engineering) will execute their business in China. Under Chinese law, this grouping includes other key businesses for Foster Wheeler such as upstream, refining and power.
Foster Wheeler announced Tuesday that a subsidiary of its
global engineering and construction business has signed an
equity purchase agreement with Chinas CEFOC to purchase a
49% share in its Chinese design institute PECHDI.
This enables us to deliver the full value chain of
services that our clients in China are demanding, and
represents a key milestone in our growth strategy in
China, said Kent Masters, CEO of Foster Wheeler.
The co-owned institute is now a joint venture (JV) named Foster
Wheeler (Hebei) Engineering Design Company Ltd. Through
the venture, Foster Wheeler and CEFOC (officially named The
Fourth Construction Company Ltd. of China
Electronics System Engineering) will execute their business in
Under Chinese law, this industry grouping includes other key
business sectors for Foster Wheeler such as upstream, refining and power. The new company
is fully licensed to engineer, procure and construct process facilities in China under single
contracts, and it possesses Class A design licenses in the
chemical, petrochemical and
pharmaceutical industries.
Foster Wheeler has management control of the new company, whose
management is based in Foster Wheelers Shanghai office
and includes Foster Wheelers existing Shanghai
The existing PECHDI offices in Shijiazhuang, Beijing, Tianjin,
and Suzhou have also become a part of the new company,
which has a combined workforce of more than 600 technical
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A searchable database of project activity in the global hydrocarbon processing industry
Engineers and designers are highly skilled individuals. Forcing them to enter design changes using tables, forms and spreadsheets is unproductive and uneconomical, and it increases the likelihood of human error—this is the way that most instrumentation software systems currently work. For too long, software vendors have denied engineers and designers the simple practicality of a graphical visual engineering interface with "drag and drop" capability and inbuilt intelligence, ensuring changes are automatically replicated into all the associated data and databases.
Is 2016 the peak for US gasoline demand?
Too soon to tell
July 2016


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We know that the number of elements of order $k$ in a finite group $G$ is equal to $\sum |cl_{G}(x_{i})|$=$\sum|G/C_{G}(x_{i})|$ such that $|x_{i}|=k$. It is clear that for a prime $p$ if $p\mid |cl_{G}(x_{i})|$, then $G$ has an element of order $p$. Now let $p\mid \sum |cl_{G}(x_{i})|$. My question is: Is $G$ has an element of order $p$?($G$ is not $p$-group)
As noted, it is unclear what your sums are over.
If the $x_i$ are conjugacy class representatives for all conjugacy classes, then $\sum|\mathrm{cl}_G(x_i)| = |G|$, so the question has an affirmative answer by Cauchy's Theorem.
More likely is that the $x_i$ are representatives from the conjugacy classes of elements of order $k$; in that case, the answer is "no". Although the example I give in the comments is a $p$-group, it is easy to turn it into an example which is not a $p$-group: take $p=3$, $k=2$, and let $G=C_2\times C_2\times A$, where $A$ is any nontrivial group of order not divisible by $6$ (e.g., $A=C_5$); then $G$ is not a $p$-group, but an element $(a,b,c)$ has order $2$ if and only if $c=1$ and $a$ or $b$ are nontrivial; so $G$ has exactly three elements of order $2$, each of which is its own conjugacy class, so the sum equals $3$. However, $|G|$ is not divisible by $3$, so $G$ does not have any elements of order $3$.


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User Comments for Week 16 QB Rankings
A team of QB's-Vick, Romo, Freeman WR's Stevie Johnson, Desean Jackson, Antonio Brown, Lance Moore, Denarius Moore, Cecil Shorts RB's Chris Johnson, Doug Martin, Ahmad Bradshaw, De'angelo Williams, TE-Jimmy Graham K-Hansen. Individual defense players. Now tell me that isn't one of the worst teams ever, guess they just played well together lol my RB's had some huge games this year. This was an experiment draft by the way because I tried the Vick game which I didn't like at all. My other team of Matty Ice, Julio, Brandon Marshall, Ray Rice, Alfred Morris, Jimmy Graham, Ridley in the flex K-Matt Bryant Def-Broncos got ousted last week, boy I loved that team! Fantasy football is crazy and some luck. That's why we love it!
saland34 12/19/12 10:16 AM
Oh yeah, I am in the championship with that first team and I have no chance this week, or so I think.
saland34 12/19/12 10:18 AM
Ok I need some help. QB is not one of the strengths of my team but with that said all I'm looking for is 18-20 points. My RBs and WRs tend to carry my team. I have Kaepernick, A. Luck and just picked up S. Bradford as an insurance policy. Who do you believe has the highest floor, if you will? I think Luck is my best option but Bradford's matchup is very intriguing. Or am I missing on both and do you think Kaep can follow up with another clutch, road victory at one of the toughest places to play...again.
nl1088 12/19/12 05:30 PM
Championship week. Do I go Newton, Rodgers, or Brady.
Brady has kept me going the whole season, should I ride the hot streak of Cam into the playoffs or let last years MVP take over?
Ace8th 12/20/12 05:53 AM
If you somehow had Newton, Rodgers, and Brady on your team, then why didn't you trade one of them away?
matthoen 12/20/12 03:55 PM
I picked him up from a dead team. I also picked up a.j green and Brandon marshal. I got rice, Morris, Martin, Charles, and cj2k who got me in the finals. On TE it's Hernandez. Deffence and kicker are the Bears and gostkowski. To me, I look set for the finals, I just needed a second opinion on the QB position.
Ace8th 12/20/12 04:43 PM
Go with your gut, choose Luck.
Ace8th 12/20/12 04:48 PM
Wow! Thats a helluva team there, Ace. What kind of league is that? 6 team? I'd choose Rodgers this week in a thin tie breaker between him and Brady. Why? because Rodgers has absolutely NO run support and will get almost ALL of his team's offensive yards and TDs through the air. Newton I'd rank third in the group because, regardless of recent weeks, hes more likely to disappoint any given week than Brady or Rodgers.
steveswanzy 12/22/12 03:02 AM
By the way, I want to send out a BIG thanks to the guys who do the rankings and post their opinions on player news/rumors on this site. I decided to give this site a try and use the rankings and other information provided to draft my players and set my lineups every week this year.
Out of the nine leagues I played in this year... I made the play-offs in EIGHT, took first in one league so far that ended last week, and am playing in the championship game in 5 other leagues this week.
You guys made my fantasy season AWESOME! Big thumbs up to this site.
steveswanzy 12/22/12 03:10 AM
The individual defensive player projections were extremely accurate just about every week.
steveswanzy 12/22/12 03:12 AM
I'm in the big dance, for QB I have Matt Ryan & RGIII. Who do I start????
keithdunton 12/22/12 11:40 AM
Bradford, Flacco or Palmer? I can start two QB's.
TJC Roughriders 12/22/12 12:11 PM
CBen24 12/22/12 04:01 PM
@steveswanzy thnx for the advice, yea your right it's between Brady and Rodgers. I wanna go Brady because he did great for me all season long but your right about Rodgers. I just hope a.j or Marshall come through for me for not starting White. 153 yards 2 touchdowns!!
Ace8th 12/23/12 01:30 AM
Pick 2 Lynch, Morris, Moreno?
purple44 12/23/12 08:44 AM
Flacco or palmer?
TJC Roughriders 12/23/12 10:57 AM


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Vast, complex and esoteric, the world of "Artisanal Spirits" is often overshadowed by powerful mainstream brands. What happened with the Micro-brewery movement a decade ago, when micro-beers exploded, the same is happening with Micro-Distillers making their own spirits, which includes bourbon, gin, vodka and whiskey, just to name a few.
Since the first century, the world has had a love affair with spirits. According to the author of the 'Spirits Journal', F. Paul Pacult, North Americans have been making spirits for the past three hundred and seventy years. During that period of time, distillers have embraced homemade spirits. Large distillation houses have come and gone. The same is true with the smaller, craft houses as well. However, today, an artisanal spirits revolution is taking place. The craft spirits revolution celebrates local authenticity. The number of 'craft distillers' has grown in the past 13 years, from 26 craft distilleries in 2000 to 50 distilleries in 2005 and to a suggested 350-400 distilleries in 2013.
Interestingly, the habits of spirits consumers have taken on many of the positive traits of wine consumers, who tend to be fearless in adventuring into the "new and different." The growth rate in numbers of new distilleries justifies the hype the industry is receiving so it looks like the 'craft movement' is here to stay.
All generations have a segment that is seeking the new and different. This is a market segment that is seeking a qualitative difference not just the latest "flavor". This is important news not just for the trendy cocktail lounge but for the corner retailer as well. The consumer who is seeking Artisanal spirits is a person on a mission of discovery. Their tastes are wide ranging and their interests are broad. This consumer may have a favorite beverage but seeks to find a unique spirit and often "collects" bottlings and enjoys "sharing" with friends. There is also a segment who is the "home mixologist". This person is looking for the unique spirit to help them create their next concoction and share with their peers.
What does all this mean to the neighborhood retailer of local bar? This trend spells opportunity for new business and increased profits. By developing an Artisanal Spirits section, you are creating an added dimension to your business and providing another way to "up sell" your customers. In the retail dimension, it is often hard to stop the "regular" customer from his normal routine and by having a specialty section; you can slow this person down and have a dialog with him thus create the upsell opportunity. Additionally, when the word gets out that you have a unique collection of different spirits, this will now become a "draw" for your store; helping to bring in new customers. This opportunity for the upsell brings in more dollars and more profits and often ends up providing the biggest "rings" in the store. In the local pub scene word spreads faster and more excitement can be created by the bar staff. Most on premise accounts share customers whether they realize this or not. Having a unique selection of spirits can set you apart and help to increase your market share. Hotels, "white tablecloth" restaurants or private clubs all benefit from a first class selection of Artisanal spirits; further setting you apart from your competition.
Consumers are more experimental today. They are less brand loyal; although they recognize major brands and their qualitative differences, they are more willing to try something different. Just as having a specialty drink menu allows for more profitable sales, a Craft Spirits sections provide the opportunity for additional profits. Anytime you can move a customer up from the "well" or up from their "regular" selection, you can increase your profits. I have never seen a spirits shop or bar named "The Salvation Army"! I am pretty sure all are "for profit" businesses!
Here at Southern Wine & Spirit we are proud to acknowledge and showcase the finest of our authentic craft and small batch spirits. The brands and products featured in this section are quite unique, all having been made with passion, and many hailing from family-owned micro-distilleries that have embraced "grain-to-bottle" approaches to produce their spirits. They commonly use organic ingredients, employ innovative distillation techniques and accentuate the importance of terroir. They are challenging and changing the face of our industry one sip at a time. All too often, such brands of quality go unnoticed, lacking advocates in the market. From the hidden traditional gems or trailblazing newcomers, we are now pleased to shine a spotlight and give these brands an opportunity to be seen to an audience of craft spirit purveyors who can, in turn, present them with intelligence and finesse to their discerning consumers. We have broken down each category for you and are proud to acknowledge their presence in alphabetical order.
Apéritifs were traditionally vermouth or apéritif wine fortified by herbs and spices. As that combination was believed to be an appetite stimulant, it was traditionally served before meals. As it evolved, various versions of wine and spices were referred to as apéritifs and slowly other alcoholic based beverages, including spirits, were served before meals, blurring the definition of the apéritif. To this day some wine and spirit-based products refer to themselves as being "an apéritif." The simplest definition in today's world is: any alcoholic beverage consumed before dining.
A barrel-aged distilled spirit made primarily from corn. The name derives from the French Bourbon dynasty, although it is disputed whether its namesake Kentucky county or New Orleans street is the source of the whiskey's name. It has been produced since the 18th century, although the name "Bourbon" was not applied until the 1850s and the Kentucky etymology was not advanced until the 1870s. While it may be made anywhere in the United States, it is strongly associated with the American South in general, and Kentucky in particular.
A spirit produced by distilling wine, Brandy generally contains 35–60% alcohol by volume (70–120 US proof) and is typically taken as an after-dinner drink. Some brandies are aged in wooden casks, some are colored with caramel coloring to imitate the effect of aging, and some brandies are produced using a combination of both aging and coloring. Brandy is also produced from fermented fruits other than grapes, but these products are typically named eaux-de-vie, especially in French. In some countries, fruit flavoring or some other flavoring may be added to a spirit that is called "brandy".
A distilled spirit made from sugarcane juice. Also known as aguardente, pinga, caninha or other names, it is the most popular distilled alcoholic beverage in Brazil. Outside Brazil, cachaça is used almost exclusively as an ingredient in tropical drinks, with the caipirinha being the most famous cocktail.
An apple brandy from the French region of Lower Normandy (Basse-Normandie), Calvados is distilled from cider made from specially grown and selected apples, of which there are over 200 named varieties. It is not uncommon for a Calvados producer to use over 100 specific varieties of apples, which are either sweet (such as the Rouge Duret variety), tart (such as the Rambault variety), or bitter (such as the Mettais, Saint Martin, Frequin, and Binet Rouge varieties), the latter being inedible. The fruit is harvested (either by hand or mechanically) and pressed into a juice that is fermented into a dry cider. It is then distilled into eau de vie. After two years aging in oak casks, it can be sold as Calvados. The longer it is aged, the smoother the drink becomes.
Named after the town of Cognac in France, is a variety of brandy. It is produced in the wine-growing region surrounding the town from which it takes its name, in the French Departements of Charente and Charente-Maritime. For a distilled brandy to bear the name Cognac, an Appellation d'origine contrôlée, its production methods must meet certain legal requirements. In particular, it must be made from specified grapes, of which Ugni blanc, known locally as Saint-Emilion, is the one most widely used. The brandy must be twice distilled in copper pot stills and aged at least two years.
An alcoholic beverage made from a distilled spirit that has been flavored with fruit, cream, herbs, spices, flowers or nuts and bottled with added sugar or other sweetener. Liqueurs are typically quite sweet and usually not aged for long after the ingredients are mixed, but may have resting periods during their production to allow flavors to marry. In parts of the United States, liqueurs may also be called cordials or schnapps, while in large parts of the British Commonwealth, cordial means a concentrated non-alcoholic fruit syrup that is diluted to taste and consumed as a non-carbonated soft drink.
During the 1600s, a Dutch physician named Franciscus De Le Boë Sylvius originally invented gin. Hoping to discover a cure for stomach and kidney ailments he found that juniper berry oil worked well as a diuretic, however it was fairly unpalatable. The solution, Dr. Sylvius discovered, came by adding some juniper oil to a neutral distilled spirit—the result would be the introduction of the first gin, which the doctor called "genever." Today, gin is produced around the world, and is one of the most versatile white spirits used in making an array of cocktails. While juniper is the dominant flavor in gin, variations in style can be attributed to the quality and purity of the base spirit used, such as grains, molasses or sugar beets.
An alcoholic beverage, a fragrant, grape-based pomace brandy of Italian origin that contains 35%–60% alcohol by volume (70 to 120 US proof). The flavor of grappa, like that of wine, depends on the type and quality of the grapes used, as well as the specifics of the distillation process. Made by distilling the skins, pulp, seeds, and stems (i.e., the pomace) left over from winemaking after pressing the grapes, it was originally made to prevent waste by using these leftovers.
Enthusiasts of agave spirits have made the native Oaxacan spirit the fastest growing segment of the category. Consumers seem to be inexorably drawn to mezcal's authenticity, diversity and limitless range of flavors. These are indeed the glory days for mezcal. There are currently more high quality mezcals being marketed in the United States than ever before. Tequila aficionados seem particularly drawn to these artisanal spirits, perhaps because it connects them to the people in
the small towns where they are produced.
A colorless or yellowish-to-amber colored grape brandy produced in winemaking regions of Peru and Chile. Pisco was developed by Spanish settlers in the 16th century as an alternative to orujo, a pomace brandy that was being imported from Spain.
Christopher Columbus brought sugar cane to the Caribbean in 1493 and it took root rather well in the tropical paradise. To this day, some of the best rums come from the Caribbean Islands, though rums are produced around the world—the majority of which comes from fermented molasses, cane syrup, or cane juice. There are no regulations governing how rum is distilled and so it is possible that producers single-, double-, or triple-distill. Fueling the rum category today is the resurgence of handcrafted silver rums. In response to the cocktail boom, contemporary distillers have released full-bodied versions of their silver rums, which mixologists now use to enhance the taste and texture of their drinks. Stocking one or more of these stellar clear rums on the backbar has become a must. Growing in popularity as well is the trend of sipping old rums after dinner as one would a brandy.
Scotch whisky, often simply called "Scotch", is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland. It must be made in a manner specified by law. All Scotch whisky was originally made from malt barley. Commercial distilleries began introducing whisky made from wheat and rye in the late 18th century. Scotch whisky is divided into five distinct categories: (1) Single malt Scotch whisky - (2) single grain Scotch whisky - (3) blended malt Scotch whisky (formerly called "vatted malt" or "pure malt") - (4) blended grain Scotch whisky (5) blended Scotch whisky. All Scotch whisky must be aged in oak barrels for at least three years. Any age statement on a bottle of Scotch whisky, expressed in numerical form, must reflect the age of the youngest whisky used to produce that product. A whisky with an age statement is known as guaranteed-age whisky.
A distilled beverage native to Korea. It is usually consumed neat. Most brands of soju are made in South Korea. It is traditionally made from rice, wheat, barley, but modern producers of soju use supplements or even replace rice with other starches, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, or tapioca. Soju is clear and colorless. Its alcohol content varies from about 16.7%, to about 45% alcohol by volume (ABV).
A distilled beverage made from the blue agave plant, primarily in the area surrounding the city of Tequila, northwest of Guadalajara, and in the highlands (Los Altos) of the western Mexican state of Jalisco. Tequila is a maturing category. As consumers grow more discerning, distillers are responding by releasing the best and brightest their craft can produce. Steadily increasing sales confirm that consumers have developed a taste for the good stuff. Five mega-trends within the category shed light on the near future of Tequila: (1) Double-Barreled Tequilas — In an effort to infuse their aged marques with new and exciting flavors, tequila producers are increasingly finishing them in different types of wood, such as French Limousin oak, Cognac casks, sherry butts and ex-Bordeaux barrels. (2) Elevated Proofs — A number of brands are being marketed with elevated concentrations of alcohol. The higher the proof, the less water is used to dilute the tequila when it comes off the still. The result is a more flavorful spirit. (3) Single-Barrel Tequilas — Single-barrel whiskeys have become standard offerings. Any spirit that's drawn from one barrel and not blended with other barrels is something to be savored. It's an experience to be enjoyed and not forgotten. (4) Terroir — Distillers are now stressing the growing conditions of their agaves. Terroir greatly affects the quality and flavor of the finished tequila. (5) Organic — The thought of drinking tequila made from pesticide-treated agaves makes it easy to appreciate the commercial appeal of FDA certified organic tequilas.
The first vodkas very likely came from Russia and Poland in the twelfth century A.D., distilled from potatoes and beets. Vodka is the world's most popular spirit. It can be produced from potatoes, grapes, grains, even molasses or just about any fermentable agricultural product is capable of producing vodka. The spirit's versatility makes it an ideal agent for the craft cocktail landscape as boutique and artisan vodkas are on the rise as much as flavored vodkas, fueling a passionate fan-base and offering an array of options to bartenders and mixologists.
A type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash. Different grains are used for different varieties, including barley, malted barley, rye, malted rye, wheat, and corn. Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, made generally of charred white oak. The thing about North American craft whisk(e)y is that it's young, fresh and the distillers are still figuring out what they do and don't like. That's why each batch can taste drastically different. One year it might boast some ripe citrus, while the next year it's heavy on the caramel and spice. When patrons see a big brand name on a cocktail list, they're buying the brand. When they see a craft brand cocktail they are most likely buying it to find the flavors that enhance a craft whiskey. Craft whiskey—white and unaged or small batch aged—are exciting discoveries on their own, but each distinct flavor profile is a cocktail muse.
Please take a moment to review our full "Artisanal" portfolio in our "Spirits Product Listing" section of this magazine and contact your SWS Sales Representative for more details. Need a couple of craft cocktail ideas? Check out the next page for eight unique cocktails to try on your patrons.
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Possible Duplicate:
GRUB: "invalid arch independent ELF magic" after install on SSD
I am currently trying at get an dual boot computer work, where the Ubuntu 12.04 system is spread over two drives.
The setup of the two drives are:
/dev/sda1 /boot/efi
/dev/sda2 some unknown msftres at 128MB (dont bother about this as long as the rest works)
/dev/sda3 windows7
/dev/sda4 /home
/dev/sda5 swap
/dev/sda6 /tmp
/dev/sda7 /var
/dev/sdb1 /
In an attempt to combine speed with SDD survival. Now, that might be a topic in itself, but for now I would be very happy just to get the Grub bootloader to work.
When booting at either HDD or SSD, I get: error: invalid arch independent ELF magic. grub rescue>
Very grateful for all kinds of suggestions for how to solve this!


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Monday, March 1, 2010
Biography of Henriette Geertruida Lamboo
The first thing I did was make a timeline, which can be found here, in which I put the most important pieces of verified information I have about her. It gives a nice, clear overview of her life. In one quick scan, it becomes clear that after Henriette's birth on 15 December 1913 until her marriage to Adolph Knura on 11 May 1938 I have no information. From her marriage on out, I can track her life fairly good, however the information that I have is pretty bare bones. It's all dates and little personal information. Clearly, there is room for improvement there. Let's take a closer look, because a timeline isn't meant to hold all information and a biography highlights what you have so you know where to start looking.
Henriette's birth is well documented. I know she was born to Anna Hendrika van Dijk and Bernardus Johannes Lamboo in Zoeterwoude on 15 December 1913. I know she wasn't an only child, but so far I haven't taken a look at the rest of the family yet. However, I do know that the part of Zoeterwoude she was born in alternated between being Zoeterwoude and Voorschoten. So without moving, she could've changed towns.
I've found nothing so far about her childhood, but there are some things I know without having to look for sources. I know she went to primary school, because she could read and write quite well and took great pleasure in it. I also know that in that time period here in the Netherlands we had what is called the 'verzuiling'. Basically, it means that there were three 'columns' of people in the Netherlands that did not mix. Roman-Catholics, Protestans and the Liberals (which was basically everybody else). If you were Roman-Catholic, you went to a Roman-Catholic school, grocer, hairdresser, club, pub, etc. So, knowing she went to school, I also know she went to a Roman-Catholic School, most likely local. Since she lived in Voorschoten (or sometimes Zoeterwoude because of changing boundaries) all of her life, there's really only one school she could've gone too. The local Roman-Catholic school. For after primary school, however, I do not know anything. She could've continued to study, most likely then in Leiden, or she could've stayed at home. I do not know.
When we get to 1938, however, we do go into a part of her life that's pretty well sourced. On 21st of April 1938 a letter notifying the family of the marriage ban of Henriette Geertruida Lamboo and Adolph Knura was send. In it was also the invitation to the wedding, which was to take place on Wednesday 11 May 1938 at the Roman-Catholic church of H. Laurentius in Voorschoten, at 9.30 in the morning. It also gave the current addresses of Henriette and Adolph and the address of their new home, which they would move in after the wedding. Further sources show that the wedding did indeed take place on this day.
Wedding picture of Adolph Knura and Henriette Geertruida Lamboo - 11 May 1938, Voorschoten
A little more than a year later, the first child, a daughter, is born on 29 May 1939. On 1 September of that same year, Nazi-Germany invades Poland and World War II has officially begun. On 10 May 1940 Germany invades the Netherlands. It has to have been a tense time for my grandparents, seeing that my grandfather was German, not neutralized at the time, and most of his family still lived in Germany. On 16 March 1941 Henriette had her second child, another girl.
Henriette Geertruida Lamboo with either her first daughter or her second daughter - approximately 1939-1941
Sometime after this, my grandfather Adolph was drafted into service. He was basically told to either serve in the German army or his family would be deported to a prison camp, or worse. There really wasn't a choice and my grandfather left. Henriette stayed behind with two young children. Family tales are that she helped Jews during this time, but I haven't been able to find out anything definite yet. At the end of the war, my grandfather was injured in the fight against Russia. He was send to a hospital in the Netherlands, according to family tales, from which he escaped and made his way back to my grandmother and his two daughters. Not long after that, the Netherlands were freed.
Five years after the war on 1 May 1950 Henriette and Adolph have another child, a boy this time. Five years might seem like a big gap, but I know that my grandmother had at least two miscarriages, so one of them could very well have been in this gap. Another three boys follow quite rapidly, on 27 October 1951, 25 November 1953 and 19 June 1955. Then, at 45 years of age, against all odds and expectations, my grandmother has another child on 27 March 1959. It's another girl this time, my mother.
A mere two years later, tragedy strikes the family as they lose their youngest son, Lambertus Johannes Adolphus Knura. He's only six years old. He's buried in the children's section of the Roman-Catholic cemetery of the Roman-Catholic church of H. Laurentius in Voorschoten and my grandmother continued to visit his grave at least several times a year until she died.
From 1961 until 1973 I have virtually no documentation about my grandmother's life. However, in 1973 Adolph and Henriette celebrate 35 years of marriage. There's no real documentation, but I do have pictures of the party. The same goes for the party they threw 5 years later for their 40th wedding anniversary.
However, their 50th wedding anniversary in 1988 was quite a party, and I have more sources about that than just the pictures.
Picture of 50th wedding anniversary party of Henriette Geertruida Lamboo and Adolph Knura - 11 May 1988
In fact, in one of my grandfather's In Memoriam's, written by Willem van der Linden in name of the entire soccer club, this party is mentioned:
Almost two years ago we got to do something in return, even if it was very little in comparison. For the occasion of the party for his 50 years of marriage, which Dolf was anticipating eagerly, we had the opportunity to show Dolf and his wife our great appreciation for everything this couple has done for us.
As can be ascertained from the above piece, two years later, to be precise on 30 January 1990, Adolph Knura dies. Not long after that my grandmother moves out of the house she had lived in since shortly after the second World War and into a smaller home in a compound especially for self-sufficient elderly people. From that time onwards it is that my memories of her begin. I remember visiting there, the candy she always gave that you always had to check to see if it hadn't gone bad. I remember the way we could talk for hours, I remember the hugs. I remember some precious gifts she gave me, just because.
I also remember being on holiday in Mexico, to celebrate my parent's being married for 25 years. I remember getting a call at 5 o'clock local time on 27 December. We'd celebrated Christmas two days before. Had an after-party of sorts the day before. When we got the call, we knew it was bad news. Nobody ever calls at that time, especially not when you're on holiday, with good news. We heard that my grandmother had fallen ill, been taken to the hospital and had been operated upon. The operation had gone well, but she now had an infection and the doctors didn't expect her to survive. We needed to come home, immediately. I remember being numb, mostly. An ocean away from the place you most want to be. To have something to do, I started packing the suitcases, while my parents tried to contact the insurance and travel agency to get us on a flight home. When the suitcases were packed, I turned on the tv. We could receive CNN, and on it we saw the news of tsunami's that had devastated so many people. At that point in time, I really couldn't bring myself to care. The magnitude of that disaster missed me and my family completely, because we were dealing with a tragedy so much closer to home. My memories of that morning are patchy. I remember sitting in the lobby of the hotel, crying, when a Canadian woman came up to me and asked me if I was all right. We talked for awhile about my grandmother. She was nice, but if she ever told me her name, it didn't penetrate my brains. I also remember another Canadian offering to buy us tickets back to the Netherlands if we couldn't arrange anything. Eventually, we had a flight for all three of us, and at around 10 o'clock local time we headed to the airport of Cancun. On the way to Mexico we had a direct flight, but now we had a stop in Houston for an hour and a half. With all the new security measures in place, we barely made it to the plane in time. It was a flight of over 10 hours, from Houston to Amsterdam. The first thing we did upon landing, while waiting for the luggage, was call somebody for an update on my grandmother. She'd died while we were up in the air, somewhere over the Atlantic Ocean.
My grandmother died on 27 December 2004, having achieved one of her greatest wishes, never to live in a nursing home. Until the day she died, she lived on her own, took care of her own. In the end, I'm grateful we never made it to the hospital on time. She never woke up after the operation, so talking to her one last time wouldn't have been possible, and according to my uncle she's looked terrible. It's better to remember her for the vibrant, smart, sometimes 'catty' woman she was.
Personal knowledge J. Mulder, granddaughter of Henriëtte Geertruida Lamboo
Persoonslijst: CBG, persoonslijst Henriette Geertruida Lamboo (1913-2004).
Ondertrouw aankondiging van A. Knura en H.G. Lamboo, 21 April 1938, Voorschoten, Zuid-Holland, Familiearchief Mulder, Voorschoten
"Bidprentje Lambertus Johannes Adolphus 'Bertje' Knura," 14 september 1961, Voorschoten, Familiearchief J. Mulder, Voorschoten
In Memoriam voor Adolph Knura uit de krant," undated clipping, February 1990, from unidentified newspaper; Familiearchief Mulder; privately held 2010 by J. Mulder, J. Mulder, [ADDRESS FOR PRIVATE USE], Voorschoten
Persoonskaart, CBG, Den Haag; Adolph Knura (1914-1990)
5 comments:
JM, The story of your grandmother was, as advertised, "a must read." Enjoyed it thoroughly.ReplyDelete
BTW, a veterinarian friend of ours by the name of van Dijk was in the Dutch East Indies when he was a child - either before or during WWII. If this is of importance or interest, you can stop by RootsNLeaves
Joan, thank you for your comment.ReplyDelete
Van Dijk is a pretty common surname in the Netherlands, and I don't have any evidence yet that anyone from that side of the family would've been in the Dutch East Indies, but I'll keep it in mind in case I come upon information pointing in that direction.
Nice memoir of your grandmother. You are lucky to have such nice memories of her. Well written and researched. Perhaps you would be able to find some information about her primary education in the church records there in the Netherlands. Nice job.ReplyDelete
J.M. your thoughtful account of your grandmother's life is wonderful. It has given me a geography lesson as well as a lesson on your homeland and its people. But the memories of her after your grandfather died and your struggle to get home to her at the end has really touched a cord within me, as my own grandmother died shortly before I could reach her while flying from North Carolina to Texas. Thank you for the beautiful timeline, too. I must try that website.ReplyDelete
@Jo: thank you for your comment. I'm not sure if the church kept the school records for her primary education or if there was already a civic registration. I'm currently in the progress of figuring that out. I did, however, find out from my mother, after I wrote this piece, that she did not study any further after primary school.ReplyDelete
@Judith: thank you for your comment. Being up in the air and not being able to do anything but wait for the plane to land is about the worst wait there is, as I'm sure you know.
The website is great, but I don't know if there are any English instructions. It is, however, very easy in use. I must've tried out dozens of time-line makers on-line, but this is the only one I actually liked.


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In Light Of Being Sacked For The First Time By Middlesbrough Since FM 2005, I Was Just Pondering.
What Clubs Have Sacked You?
Post Clubs And If So, A Summery Here
Me - Sacked By Middlesbrough After Underperforming For The Season, Have Now Been Relegated Under Tony Mobrowy (WBA Manager In Real Life), Who I Replaced For 24 Days Before Leaving For Frankfurt Who I Am Now Helping Fight Relegation.