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Is it ethical to release the victim's name on Slog?
DOUG, you're absolutely right.
Why don't you have some fucking class there, Josh? Can't you wait until the official announcement? It's not like people that don't know her couldn't guess what's happened, but the least you could do was to have a little bit of respect, pal.
Is anybody really surprised? Number one cause of death in the workplace for women: ex-boyfriends/husbands.
Well, at least now the relatives of Ms. Greigo (or is it Griego or Greico - you've got it spelled all three ways) won't need to wait for a police chaplain to gently break the news of her death - they can read it on Slog! Thanks, Josh...
Take down the name already! There's a reason they haven't released it yet. Journalism 101, jaysus.
Why is anyone surprised? Typical fucking Stranger...
You and Dan owe the victim's family an apology, asshole.
"When police arrived at the fourth-floor office in Gould Hall, they found two people dead: a woman, identified by family members as Rebecca Griego, and a man. A handgun was found in the office."
By the Seattle Times report I think her family knew before it showed up on the slog.
Yeah, the name actually has been released, judging by some other news reports that are referencing it - so it's kind of a moot point now.
Wasn't moot when they released it...makes a difference.
I think it's totally out of bounds to release the name moot point or not now, who the hell do you think you are to make that sort of decision? don't you think before you write? or is it only about the story for you? I am really seriously disappointed in the ethics of reporting on this blog. You obviously have no standards for privacy in your editorial dept. as has been shown in the past when you released the names of your own employees whom had been fired.
Just another example of how lame the Stranger is. Dan should step up and do something, but won't. Such horrible lack of judgement. Did you think you had a scoop??? Unreal. Again.
Have to agree with the crowd here, Dan. SLOG should have left the names out until the family allowed it.
I understand that reporting the woman's name before it was released offended some readers. The concern is that the family will learn the news from us before they learn it from official sources like the UW or the police.
For the record, the family already knew before we reported it. Although, I understand that point doesn't ultimately address the larger question here: Should a paper or blog publish the name as a rule?
We have no control over official sources and cannot possibly monitor our reporting on a breaking news story to meet official timetables. Today's shooting is a major news story in our city, and I believe it is our job to get the details out.
Our editorial dept. does indeed have standards for privacy, and often (most regularly in Charles Mudede's Police Beat column) we redact names when we believe the information: isn't germane to the story; would invade someone's privacy; or is completely inappropriateas was the case, for example, in our recent story about a teenage prostitute where we redacted her name from our report.
Naming the victim in today's shooting did not fall into that standard because this family's privacy was about to be upended whether we reported the name or not. Additionally, I do not believe the horror of the news for the family would have been substantively altered whether it was reported by us or the authorities.
In fact, people come to Slog and the Stranger to get details on the news in our city. This is the way the media works. If you're startled or stunned by the news you learn here or on the Web in general, there's probably nothing I can do to allay your concerns.
Certainly, this is tragic and terrible news for the family. Our reporting it does not change that.
The family doesn't have a choice, William.
Josh, you did OK. You still my boy.
"Additionally, I do not believe the horror of the news for the family would have been substantively altered whether it was reported by us or the authorities." -Josh Feit
Josh this is a real convient way for you to see things. Do you actually know the next of kin and how they are taking this? Or is this another a wordy justification to cover up an obvious lack of judgement.
Let the grieving speak for themselves without making quicky decisions for them.
My connections to the school and department aside (I did not know her), it breaks my heart that another woman has fallen victim to domestic terror and violence. And yet another reason to ban handguns.
attention reactionary fucktards. the womans name was on the Seattle Times before this post was uh, posted. change your diapers then step back up on your worn out soap boxes. you're shouting over absolutely nothing. THE TIMES PRINTED THE NAME ALREADY. now please, STFU!
JOSH FEIT: The fact that you twice misspelled her name in the initial posting reflects how "germane" it was to the reporting.
The policy that Josh outlined is perfectly reasonable and one followed by most reputable news organizations. The family already knew the news. End of story. If you want to lambast the media, focus your wrath on the fearmongers at KING, KONG, and KOMO who sensationalize every minor house fire and random act of violence just to pad their corporate pockets.
I haven't been William since I lived in Canada, Shanie.
and I'm not sure if I knew her or not. I hope it's not the one I'm thinking of.
I want to thank you for posting the victim's name... I have classes in Gould and have been getting calls throughtout the day from friends, family, and even exes worried that I may have been one of the victims. This is a great tradgedy, but what's happened has happened and people need to know.
Apparently the Stranger's standards for reporting breaking news don't include making sure a victim's name isn't misspelt multiple times in the coverage (but at least you fixed it!).
You were beaten by the dailies anyway -- so what was the big rush? Honestly, when it comes to breaking news, you guys are total amateurs.
As long as Dan Savage can't feel bad, it doesn't matter. Long live the Stranger.
Actually I am making fun of DS for different points. Quit being so sensitive. If someone got murdered in the UW you know it was going to break the new.
Sorry, I don't type so well when I'm drunk, but really if someone murdered his girlfriend that was working at that dept. don't you think it would make the news? I just wish she had a cooler boyfriend.
Would anyone care if all these comments were deleted?
Mine too, of course.
But still, why isn't the Stranger allowed to post victims' names, but it's alright if some random Livejournal or Myspace page does it instead? These are the sites that post the names first, not the media.
Sure, the Stranger's judgement isn't perfect all the time, but those of you who are expressing outrage at the divulging of the name today are just fucked. Sorry.
Sorry for saying any of this. I wish Griego's family well.
The University of Washington needs to stop denying 2nd amendments rights to its faculty, staff and student. If are you an employee or student at the University of Washington, you can be fired or expelled for carrying a firearm to protect yourself:
WAC 478-124-020(2)(e) purports to prohibit firearm possession on the University of Washington campus. Hell, it even purports to prohibit Mace personal protection sprays, which fall in the category of dangerous chemicals.
Under WAC 478-124-030(1), if a member of the general public carries a firearm on campus, the only sanction that can be imposed is that a uniformed UW police officer can ask the person to leave the campus. This conduct is certainly not a crime, except to the extent it might be under general criminal law (i.e. felons cant have firearms, gun permit needed for concealed weapon, etc.).
But under the remainder of WAC 478-124-030, a student or employee can be disciplined even for lawfully carrying a firearm with a state concealed weapons permit, up to termination of employment or permanent expulsion from the university.
In Israel a woman would be able to defend herself. Women participate in mandatory military service and know how to shoot and kill and attacker. Israel is light years ahead on women's rights.
For what it's worth, I knew her and am not offended by the Stranger's decision to publish her name in SLOG. I was working off campus today and was frantic to know who in my building was killed, and, despite consistent refreshing of several different sites, found her name published on the Seattle Times website before here. The greater issue is that yet another good person died in such a senseless manner.
All this debate aside...
1. Sad that this sort of obsessed stalker shit happens, that people are so insecure and codepedent that they feel their lives are invalid without someone-or-rather and they have to go and do things like this.
2. Shit happens and asking for UW to take concrete preventative action isn't really practical. Locking down every building on the UW campus with metal detectors and armed guards isn't feasible. There really isn't anything that can be done, and honestly, nothing should be done. This was an isolated incident, and who's to say this guy, if he couldn't cap her on campus, wouldn't have capped her off campus later? Reactionist security measures don't really solve or address anything.
3. I don't buy the media/legal 'don't give the name of the deceased until well after the fact' policy, ever. As long as the family knows she's gone, tell the rest of us. What honestly is the purpose of keeping it a secret once immediate family is aware? People are fragile? You think 'it's just not right'? Get a clue and get over yourselves.
OK...now I'm just getting pissed. Another woman died because her ex was an abuser and decided that killing her (and himself) was the easy way out. Why...WHY?!...aren't people more upset when these situations happen??
What if it was your sister? Your mother? Your neice or friend??
The news stated that 349 women died as a result of domestic violence in the last 10 years. And that's jut the reported cases! We should be outraged! We should be asking why someone didn't intervene and get him some much needed help! We should ask why she stayed as long as she did... Why didn't have the resources she needed to protect herself...
God. It makes me sick that yet another woman (or person, I know that men are victims of DV, too) had to die people of another person's delusions and violent ways.
The only safe way for a slave girl to escape from her evil master is to use the services of Mr. Smith and Mr. Wesson. The man who would respect a restraining order would not need one in the first place.
Uummmm, guns should be banned. From males.
Women should still be allowed to possess firearms in order to protect themselves from fucking psychos like this.
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Fanfare Ciocarlia
(see all dates and details here)
12.08.2016 Vinelz (CH)
13.08.2016 Grünberg (D)
14.08.2016 Taucha (D)
16.08.2016 Budapest (HU)
18.08.2016 Plasencia (E)
19.08.2016 San Sebastian (E)
20.08.2016 Vilaxoan (E)
21.08.2016 Santiago De Compostela (E)
26.08.2016 Frigiliana (E)
27.08.2016 Bad Homburg (D)
28.08.2016 Dortmund (D)
15.09.2016 Groningen (NL)
16.09.2016 Viersen (D)
17.09.2016 Flintshire (UK)
Kottarashky & The Rain Dogs
(see all dates and details here)
31.07.2016 Sozopol (BG)
19.08.2016 Smolyan (BG)
Mahala Rai Banda
(see all dates and details here)
27.08.2016 Stary Sacz (PL)
Fanfare Ciocarlia
"20" is a double album set that gathers on vinyl for the very first time Fanfare Ciocarlia's seminal recordings. This collection ranges from the band's debut album Radio Pasçani onwards, gathering recordings that have broken Balkan brass through to a huge international audience. Pressed on 180g vinyl & including 20-page photo booklet!
Fanfare Ciocarlia
Fanfare Ciocarlia, the world's foremost Balkan brass band, celebrate their 20th anniversary in 2016. Their first album of new and raucous material in a few years, ONWARDS TO MARS, will rock the world from April 15th on. Stay tuned for more details!
Robert "Robi" Svärd
"If you want, I´ll sing on this track, Robi" This comment was made by Granada based flamenco singer Alfredo Tejada on a video of Sweden based guitarist Robert Svärd and led to this unique album, recorded together with Miguel "El Cheyenne" in Granada at the legendary FJR Estudios de grabación.
Annique's voice is for the inner ear and open heart, a soul singer's instrument carrying the freight of past greats while trailing its own strong colours. Growing up in Rainham, Essex, Annique travelled out on the strength of her voice, studying at the Academy of Contemporary Music before working with the likes of The Streets and Gorillaz, drum'n'bass outfit Step 13 and then teaming up with Koby Israelite at his south London studio for a series of informal writing sessions that have become Heads Up.
Soundwalk Collective
07/2016 Devil's Tale rocks biggest Jazzfestival of
Watch Adrian Raso & Fanfare Ciocarlia perform in front of over 30k fans at the past Festival International de
07/2016 Welcome back on board, Motion Trio!
The formidable accordion trio from Poland is back on our artist roster! Please get in touch if you want to book Motion Trio for one of their skilful performances.
06/2016 Fanfare Ciocarlia on Top Of The World!
And they did it again. Many thanks to Songlines, Fanfare Ciocarlia's new album "Onwards to Mars!" is among the 10 releases of the music magazine's Top Of The World list!
05/2016 Robert 'Robi' Svärd on Top Of The World!
The editor of Songlines just selected the 10 best new releases for the upcoming issue and Robert 'Robi' Svärd's debut album "Pa'ki pa'ka" made it to this illustrious list. Congratulations & celebrations!
02/2016 First flowers for Fanfare Ciocarlia!
Fanfare Ciocarlia received first flowers for their 20th anniversary celebrations from Gogol Bordello:
Jaro Milko &
Adrian Raso &
Çiğdem Aslan
Oana Cătălina Chiţu

subset: commoncrawl


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Label: Easy Way Out Products
Manager: none
Bio: Born in Columbia SC and raised in Charlotte NC, I guess you can say I am a true Carolina Nigga. I have Been producing since 2007, its been a long time coming but we here now! You can also check me out on Soundclick.com were you can purchase my beats online. The game is looking good right now an...See Full Bio
"Truly a gifted producer with an ear for music. Always on 2 somethin knew in the game for the people to listen and vybe to."


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Gourmet Assorted Chocolates
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We chose the Hood River BnB online because of its location within walking distance of nearly every restaurant, brewpub, and attraction in Hood River, but what will bring us back here are the friendly hosts, great breakfasts, and attractive accommodations.
In designing and operating their B and B, Jane and Jim thought carefully about what guests would want and need. The beds and linens are of high quality, the breakfasts are superb, and their knowledge of what's worth seeing and doing in the Columbia Gorge area is comprehensive. The dining area and each guest room have a pleasant view of the Columbia River and the mountains on the other shore in Washington State.
The house is spacious and comfortable, and much of the main floor is open to guests (but not the kitchen because of health department regulations). Periodicals, local guidebooks, and novels abound, and a TV/DVD, computer, and fridge are also available for guests' use. The wi-fi is lightning fast (Jim is a computer professional) and there is adequate off-street parking, and storage space for water and snow sports gear.
The Hood River BnB exemplifies how this type of accommodation can be superior to hotels. We're glad we booked four nights here -- enough time to really settle in and really enjoy this comfortable home base and this interesting town and area. A one-night stay would have been frustratingly short. We're taking away some nice memories, and look forward to returning before long.
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Our 1909 home has plenty of room for you, your gear, your resting needs. You will be able to find a quiet area for reading and relaxing within the home and yet are within walking distance of town. Besides the large bedrooms, our home has a media room with TV, DVD, VCR; a PC/Internet station with stored links for relevant wind & weather, etc; a river-facing deck with views of the Columbia River. ... more less


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I wrote some notes on some papers I've read in an Emacs org file so that I can recall what's in those papers by simply walk through my notes. However, for some reasons, I need to print only parts of the notes (I export org file to LaTeX, and it print the pdf file). Of course I can make a replication of that file and delete all the contents I don't need, but I want to know if it is possible to keep writing notes on that file while still being able to print only parts of them in the future. These parts are not continuous. What I imagine is like an
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Demonstration Farm
Credit: Evans
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Demonstration Farm Stock Photo1950,Adults Only,Agriculture,Black And White,Demonstration,Education,Europe,Field,Italian Culture,Italy,Learning,Mature Adult,Mature Men,Occupation,Only Mature Men,Only Men,Outdoors,Photography,Reforestation,Reportage,Sapling,Science and Technology,Teaching,Two People,VerticalPhotographer EvansCollection: Hulton Archive In a field at the government-run technical aid demonstration farm at Melarotta in the Calabria region, a director shows a farmer how saplings should develop.


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U.S. Joint Forces Command's Web site
Navy's Navy Marine Corps Intranet Web site
"Joint Forces given new clout"
Joint Forces Command will sign on to the Navy's enterprise network by fiscal 2005, said the command's senior information technology official.
Air Force Brig. Gen. Walter Jones, director of command, control, communications and computer systems, said that Joint Forces Command seeks to adopt a central enterprise network approach, and the Navy Marine Corps Intranet will provide that capability.
"We need to rationalize our applications," Jones said. "Why should we pay for software that's sitting on a desktop and nobody uses it? We will first migrate to the [the command] enterprise network and then to NMCI."
Joint Forces Command officials are developing their own enterprise network in an effort to consolidate the networks and applications at the different command locations. This effort is scheduled for completion in less than year.
Joint Forces Command will be one of two unified commands using the Navy's network, said Capt. Chris Christopher, staff director of NMCI's director's office.
"We always anticipated that some of the unified commands would transition to NMCI, notably Pacom [Pacific Command] and [Joint Forces Command]," Christopher said. "Navy is the IT resource sponsor for both of the commands. The original contract was signed with the anticipation that other organizations could cut over."
The two commands represent about 10,500 seats between them, said Christopher and Navy Lt. Cmdr John Sharpe, a spokesman for Joint Forces Command.
"As much time that we put into NMCI preparations, there were still many configuration issues associated with legacy application configuration and network configurations that had to be manually resolved," said Randy Cieslak, Pacom's chief information officer. "Therefore, it has taken longer to implement NMCI as had been desired, but we are making progress."
Cieslak said being a joint command has presented unforeseen challenges for the NMCI team, but they are being resolved, and the entire command should be cut over by the end of September.
Jones said NMCI is currently the best bet under the Defense Department umbrella for consolidation and centralization. "I believe in the need for an enterprise approach, because it saves time and money and provides for interoperability," he said.
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169 reviews | 4.3 out of 5
I found my grandfathers burial flag in a plastic sleeve in a closet and wanted to do something nice with it for my father. Nothing over the top, just a simple case to put in his man cave. I came across this after viewing more expensive cases (all I found were more than twice the price). I am sure the more expensive ones are worth it too, but just weren't in my budget for what I was looking for. I was skeptical about this b/c of the price and figured I'd give it a shot. Glad I did, this is a well constructed, classy looking case. I added a vinyl etch to complete what I wanted from it. My only CON is the glass had a small scratch and pit on it. Most ppl wouldn't notice it. I only did because I was cleaning and vinyling the glass.
A couple of comments: it is press wood stained very dark (almost black) so don't expect any brown hue at all. The glass is very thin, so be sure to compress your flag first if it's too thick. Don't force, because I suspect it will break. Fits my heavy cotton Capitol Flag 5x8 perfectly. Anything smaller and you'll have to play around with your fold sizes. I'm so happy, I'm ordering another one for my Dad's 5x9.5 flag. I've seen others on the market costing a lot more, and I suspect the quality is the same as this one. Here's a picture of the finished product.
When my brother was overseas in Iraq, his platoon had hung an american flag in my honor for my birthday and then gave it to me in 2006. It sat in the cardboard box since then because i could not find a display case that was reasonably priced. Then I went on Wal-Mart.com and i found this one on their site so i bought it. It is wonderful! Its very sturdy and is beautiful. I wasn't sure i would like the black mahogony but it is beautiful once you get it out of the box. I highly recommend this product.
I have purchased a flag case as a present from a different seller several years ago, at maybe twice the price. I had expected the same type from Walmart at just a lower price. My previous one was real oak. But the mahogany wood was really pressed wonder board, stained black. Also, I expected the front to be hinged for access to place the flag inside, like the first one I bought somewhere else. But with the Walmart version, access is from behind; somewhat similar to the way a photo goes into a picture frame. Nothing really wrong with the Walmart version, it's just I was expecting it to be different from I what I received. The case was not available at the local Walmart, if it had been, I doubt I would have purchased it after seeing it in real life. If you are on a tight budget, the Walmart flag case is OK and displays a flag fine, but I'd personally spend the additional price and buy one of real wood with a front hinge opening. For most buyers, I suspect the case is to display a flag of a deceased veteran, and you will have it on display for years to come, and the additional cost becomes small over a 20-30 year display time.
I needed a flag case to display a veterans flag. All I found were rather expensive. Since the focal part is THE FLAG, a simple case is what I wanted. This one fit the bill, and was delivered promptly to Site to Store. The only drawback I could see, is the case is exactly the right size and is not very forgiving if the flag was not folded tightly. I had to refold it and the putting the back on the cases was a 2 person job. But once it was in there, it looks wonderful. I like the simple lines, not overpowering our Stars & Stripes!
looks neat, and is an awesome value for the money. Others cost so much more and do the same thing. I am very pleased with this product.
We are very pleased with the flag display cases. I live in Canada and was unable to find these here. My brother and stepfather both served in the US military and I am grateful to be able to display their flags in a regal manner.
From the front, it looks fine. The back is flimsy cardboard as is the "liner" that holds the flag. Spend more and buy something better.
I purchase 2 of these online. One came in fine & the other had a broken glass. I had read the reviews on this box before buying it. One of the reviews said it was a good box for a 5'X8' flag. Though it can be used for one, I believe it's meant for a casket cover flag which is much larger. A 5'X8' won't even come close to filling this box when folded properly.
I think the product is great and a super value. The only problem we had is that one of the flag cases we received was chipped on the edge in several places.
Flag fit in case no problem. Looks great on top of bookcase. Great value as I have seen them for much more money elsewhere.
I purchased this display case to encase my father's flag who was a Veteran. I must say I was aprehensive about it because of the price. I received it and opened it and was truly amazed at the quality of the display case so much that I actually cried because I could not contain myself. One thing is that when you go to put the flag in the case there is a cardboard that is cover in some type of material I assumed that you put the flag in there first then insert it to the case but you don't need it just make sure the glass is clean and insert your flag directly to the display case then put the back piece on. It is so beautiful. I truly am satisfied with my purchase and would highly recommend it to whom ever wants to show off their flag.
I really enjoy getting this display case in such an easy way. I live in a rural area and was able to have it shipped to the smaller Walmart in my town. If I couldn't have had it shipped I would have had to drive quite a distance to a city. Since I got my flag at my husband's funeral I wanted to get it covered as soon as possible. I was glad it was inexpensive and still is very attractive. Thanks, Walmart!
First off the associate that i dealt with seemed to have a bit of an attitude like as if i was bothering him or something, The Flag Case was very nice and beautiful , but the glass that comes with it is somewhat flimsy and the case didnt seem like it was fitted properly for the flag but with abit of effort on my part the flag now fits well , it seemed like the case was about 1/2 inches to small but all worked out great and now it holds a place of honor above my grandmas fireplace and looks quite beautiful with my grandpas burial flag in it , so over all the case is a good value and good quality , just had abit of an issue with the associate and the sizing of the case
After searching the internet for a flag display case, and being disappointed at the outrageous prices some are, I found this one and decided to see if it could measure up. Although the shipping was delayed due to weather issues, my Marine loved the case he received as a late Christmas gift. The flag that was flown over the U.S. Capitol in his name (5'x8') fits nicely in the case. The finish is a nice semi-gloss black. If I were to state something negative about this product, it would be that the back to the case is somewhat thin, but does it's job of holding the flag securely in the case. A superior value for the price!!!!
This display is made really well. I didn't expect it to be as nice as it is for this price! It looks great hanging on my wall and would also look great sitting on a shelf. I had to remove a star for two silly reasons. I ordered mahogany and received a black one and the first one sent the glass was obviously broken so I only opened it to get the return information. Worst pack job for glass ever. That said I am happy with the black case. I would and am recommending this to everyone.
real glass matters. over time you will be cleaning it.
I had a flag flown in Iraq to make as a presentation flag to a family. I needed a case for the flag, and I went surfing to Walmart. The case was a great price, and I was sure it would fit the bill. I have finally visited this house, and I see the flag in its presentation case. They had the certificate framed in a matching frame (not from Walmart). The two look great side-by-side. We are all pleased with the case. It was a tight fit to get the flag folded and inside of the base, but you want a tight fit. So, that is a good thing.
When i first ordered this product i asked that the box be opened so i could look at it, I was glad i did because the glass was broken and the wood was chipped. I am sure this happened at the factory, and therefore was not Walmarts fault. I was refunded and told to reorder it online if i would like to purchase another. I went home and did just that. Upon the delivery of another i did the same and was perfectly happy with the second one. The price was reasonable for the look of this product and i would definetly purchase another.
i bought this flag case for my best friend after his dad passed. the funeral director said you can't find a flag case under 100 dollars, but thank god walmart had this. i paid a little over 18 dollars after tax and its just as good as any 100+ dollar case. I guess if you want a really fancy detailed case this isnt for you, but if all you want is a good sturdy case that will keep your flag safe and display it well and NOT rob you blind, this is the case to get. My friend loves it and i'm glad i found this deal!
I actually bought 2 of these flag cases. They are painted black, so it is hard to determine if it is mahogany or not. It comes with a felt lined cardboard pocket to put the flag in and then put it in the case. I actually discarded the cardboard pocket and placed the flag directly in the case. It is sitting on the Mantle and actually looks very nice and respectful. The price is definitely good. I really do not see any reason to pay a lot for a flag case when the memories of your loved one is what counts.


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Greetings. On behalf of the United States Court of Federal Claims, welcome to our website.
I would like to thank our bench and bar for supporting the court's 13th Annual Law Day Observance Luncheon on Monday, May 2 at the Willard Intercontinental Hotel. We welcomed an audience larger than any in recent memory, and the camaraderie and good cheer in the room were notable. The remarks delivered by Adam Goldman, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist for the Washington Post, perfectly highlighted the day's theme, "Miranda: More than Words."
The luncheon was followed by a closed meeting of the court's Advisory Council, during which several initiatives were discussed, including one to revise the use of alternative dispute resolution within the court. To learn more about the Advisory Council and to access the materials considered at the meeting, please click here.
Continuing in the spirit of pride in the administration of justice, Law Day was followed by the court's 28th Annual Judicial Conference on May 3 at the National Press Club. With over 300 registrants, the conference was our largest to date. The morning sessions focused on practice in the court's Vaccine Program while the afternoon plenary sessions addressed topics of interest to both our vaccine and general jurisdiction practitioners, covering topics such as effective litigation techniques, review of recent Supreme Court and Federal Circuit jurisprudence, and developments in alternative dispute resolution and pro bono representation within the court. To access conference materials and audio recordings of the sessions, please click here.
In addition to celebrating Law Day and the Judicial Conference this month, we also honored the retirement of Clerk of Court Hazel C. Keahey, by presenting her with one of the court's highest honors, the Loren A. Smith Award. Hazel's six years with us followed a 25-year career with the United States Tax Court. Hazel's service as Clerk of the United States Court of Federal Claims was marked by her sensitivity and compassion for her colleagues, the very same gifts that Hazel will now devote to her family. We all will miss Hazel but we wish her the best in her future adventures.
Looking forward, I am pleased to note that the Court of Federal Claims Bar Association and its Young Lawyers Division (YLD) are both hard at work planning events for the summer. Among other brown bags in the works, in late June, the YLD will team with the Young Lawyers Division of the Federal Bar Association to present a panel discussion on Legal Careers in the Court of Federal Claims, to be followed by an evening reception. All Bar Association events are sure to captivate, and I hope to see you at many of them. For more information, please click here.
Thank you for your interest in the United States Court of Federal Claims.
Patricia E. Campbell-Smith
Chief Judge


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Based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD), the background removal and de-noising procedures of the data taken by polarization interference imaging interferometer (PIIS) are implemented. Through numerical simulation, it is discovered that the data processing methods are effective. The assumption that the noise mostly exists in the first intrinsic mode function is verified, and the parameters in the EMD thresholding de-noising methods is determined. In comparison, the wavelet and windowed Fourier transform based thresholding de-noising methods are introduced. The de-noised results are evaluated by the SNR, spectral resolution and peak value of the de-noised spectrums. All the methods are used to suppress the effect from the Gaussian and Poisson noise. The de-noising efficiency is higher for the spectrum contaminated by Gaussian noise. The interferogram obtained by the PIIS is processed by the proposed methods. Both the interferogram without background and noise free spectrum are obtained effectively. The adaptive and robust EMD based methods are effective to the background removal and de-noising in PIIS.
CorrectionsWenyi Ren, Chunmin Zhang, Tingkui Mu, Lili Fu, and Chenling Jia, "Empirical mode decomposition based background removal and de-noising in polarization interference imaging spectrometer: erratum," Opt. Express 21, 10207-10207 (2013)
1. Introduction
1.1 Polarization interference imaging spectrometer
In 2000, Zhang et al. [1] proposed a polarization interference imaging spectrometer (PIIS) based on the Savart polariscope. Firstly, an incident beam is split into two beams by the Savart polariscope and their polarization directions are identical when they passed through an analyzer. Finally, the two beams interfere on the focal plane of the imaging lens [2]. Based on the data acquisition principle of a windowing spectrometer, the original data including the interferogram and image of object is obtained. According to the data processing methods used in a PIIS, the information (including image, spectrum and polarization) can be retrieved [3–7]. A row of the contaminated interferogram, with background and noise, acquired by the PIIS, can be expressed as [5]
1.2. Empirical mode decomposition
Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) has been recently pioneered by Huang et al. (1998) for adaptively decomposing signals into a sum of amplitude modulation frequency modulation (AM-FM) components, which consist of naturally "intrinsic" building blocks that describe the complicated waveform [8]. Contrary to previous decomposition methods such as Fourier transform, discrete cosine transform and wavelet transform etc., EMD is empirical, intuitive, direct, adaptive, and it does not require any predetermined basis functions [8–11]. The decomposition, based on the principle of local scale separation, is designed to seek the different intrinsic modes of oscillations in any data. An intrinsic mode of oscillation is called as an intrinsic mode function (IMF) when it satisfies two criteria [8]: (i) in the whole data set, the numbers of extrema and zero-crossings must either equal or differ at most by one and (ii) at any point, the mean value of the envelopes defined by the local maxima and minima is zero. For any one-dimensional discrete signal, EMD is expressed as
EMD has been successfully employed in various applications [12–18]. However, there are no studies that apply the EMD based data processing of the PIIS or Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS). In this paper, a partial reconstruction method is proposed to remove the background of the obtained interferogram, and another to suppress the effect from the noise in the spectrum. The feasibility of the proposed methods is verified through numerical simulation.
2. The EMD based data processing in the PIIS
2.1 Background removal
Based on EMD, the interferogram obtained in Eq. (1) is decomposed into IMFs,
- (ii) Pick out the minimal one of which is larger than zero significantly. The index of the picked is estimated as.
Generally, the background is estimated as a constant [19]. Comparing with the traditional background estimation method, the EMD based methods can provide a slowly varying background but not a constant.
2. 2 De-noising
According to Fourier transform spectroscopy [19], the contaminated spectrum can be obtained via the Fourier transform of contaminated interferogram . Via EMD, can be decomposed into IMFs and residual as
The noise traditionally is characterized by high frequency. Thus, instead of de-noising to each IMF, one can de-noise to a given number of IMFs. A generalized reconstruction of the noise free spectrum is given by20]. Hence, the noise free spectrum can be reconstructed as21], is obtained by21], is given by
3. Simulation
In order to verify the feasibility of the methods proposed in Sec. 2, a simulation was performed. As shown in Fig. 1 , a noise free interferogram was simulated based on the principle of the PIIS [1–7]. A slowly varying function as the background was added into and then it was contaminated by an assumed Gaussian noise. The contaminated interferogram with SNR of 5dB is shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1
3.1 Background removal
As shown in Fig. 2 , the contaminated interferogram was decomposed into 16 IMFs (including the residual mode). Note that, as we had mentioned previously, the varying frequencies of the IMF with small indices are higher than that with large indices. According to the obtained IMFs, the background of the contaminated interferogram can be eliminated by the methods proposed in section 2.1. The relationship between them is described by the curve in Fig. 3(a) . It is discovered that is significantly larger than 0 while d = 11. Thereby, is 10. The summation of the IMFs 1 to 10 is estimated as the interferogram without background. The summation of the IMFs 11 to 15 and residual is the estimated background. The estimated and assumed backgrounds are both depicted in Fig. 3(b) and they are similar to each other. The background is effectively estimated by the modified method described in Eq. (4).
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
3.2 De-noising of the spectrum
3.2.1 De-noising of the polychromatic spectrum
The interferogram without background was obtained, and the next step is to suppress the effects from the noise during the spectrum reconstruction procedure. Via Fourier transform and the proposed EMD thresholding (EMDT) de-noising method proposed in Sec. 2.2, the noise free spectrums are obtained. Correspondingly, the contaminated spectrum also is de-noised by the wavelet thresholding (WT) and windowed Fourier transform thresholding (WFT) de-noising methods [21,22]. WT de-noising is implemented based on the Symlets 8 wavelet and soft-threshold. The window used in the WFT de-noising method is a Hamming window with the width of 5 pixels. As shown in Fig. 4 , the de-noised spectrums obtained by the EMDT, WFT and WT de-noising methods, respectively, are denoted as , and . and are the original noise free and noisy spectrums. It is found that the effects from the noise have been suppressed by the de-noising methods effectively. The SNR of the de-noised spectrums obtained by EMDT WFT and WT de-noising methods are 20.26, 13.02 and 20.72 dB.
Fig. 4
In order to evaluate the efficiencies of the methods, we have simulated the de-noising of the noisy spectrums obtained from the interferograms with different noise levels. The simulation result is shown in Fig. 5 . It is discovered that an approximately equivalent de-noised result was generated via the EMDT and WT de-noising methods. In contrast, the efficiency of the WFT de-noising method is lower.
Fig. 5
3.2.2 De-noising of the monochromatic spectrum
Besides the SNR, we are interested in the spectral resolution of the spectrum while de-noising. In order to quantificationally evaluate the spectrum resolution, a monochromatic light, which is Gaussian profile, is applied to the simulation in this section. As shown in Fig. 6 , the de-noised spectrums were obtained via the previous three methods through a similar simulation process in Sec. 3.2.1. It was found that the highest SNR and resolution, the lowest peak value of the de-noised spectrums are obtained by the WFT de-noising method.
Fig. 6
The result as shown Fig. 6 is obtained while the SNR of the contaminated interferogram is 5 dB. In order to acquire a general conclusion, we have obtained the de-noising results corresponding to different simulated contaminated interferograms with the SNR ranging from 0 to 20 dB. As shown in Fig. 7 , the de-noising results are described by the curves of the SNR, spectral resolution and peak value of the de-noised spectrums versus to different SNR of the simulated contaminated interferograms. The SNR of the simulated contaminated interferograms are denoted by . According to Fig. 7, the conclusions can be drawn include: 1) The EMDT de-nosing method is better than the WT de-nosing method; 2) The SNR, spectral resolution and the peak value of the de-noised spectrums obtained by WFT de-noising method are near constant. The near constant variation is introduced by the fixed width of the window function using in WFT. As shown in Fig. 8 , the de-noised results are obtained using the WFT methods with different width of the window functions. The peak value decreases with the width of the window. The maximal SNR is obtained while the width of the window is 10. The width of the simulated monochromatic spectrum is also 10. That is, the maximal SNR is obtained while the width of the window is equal to that of the spectrum. The spectral resolution decreases with the width of the window.
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
3. 2. 3 De-noising of the spectrum from the interferogram contaminated with Poisson noise
As shown in Fig. 9 , the de-noised spectrums are obtained by the EMDT, WFT and WT de-noising methods. The noisy spectrum is obtained from the interferogram contaminated with the Poisson noise. It can be discovered that the effects from the noise can be suppressed by the EMDT, WFT and WT de-noising methods. However, the result is not as good as the result obtained while the noise is Gaussian noise.
Fig. 9
4. Discussion
4.1 Discussions on the assumption in EMDT de-noising method
The EMDT de-noising method is developed based on the assumption that the noise mainly exits in the first IMF of the contaminated spectrum. In order to verify the feasibility of the assumption, we obtained the SNR curves of the spectrums obtained by the proposed methods when we de-noised on the 1st through 5th modes as shown in Fig. 10 . The SNR is the maximal when the de-noising is just performed on the first IMFs. That is, the assumption is rational.
Fig. 10
4. 2 Discussions on threshold of in the de-noising methods
As shown in Eqs. (10), the de-noising result is determined by the threshold . Therefore, the optimal values of in the methods two and three must be ascertained. As shown in Fig. 11 , the SNR curves of the noise free spectrums obtained by the EMDT, WFT and WT de-noising methods with different values of . It is discovered that the SNR of the de-noised spectrums obtained with the WFT and WT de-noising methods increase and decrease with while and , respectively. It can be described as that the useful information of the signal is removed while . For the EMDT de-noising method, the SNR of the de-noised spectrums increase with while . The SNR is constant while . This phenomenon can be described as that the first IMF of the noisy spectrum has been removed completely while .
Fig. 11
4. 3 Discussions on the WFT de-noising methods
In Sec. 3.2.1, we have obtained the de-noised result of the polychromatic light using the WFT de-noising method, and the width of the window is 5. Herein, we have obtained the de-noised result using WFT de-noising method with different width of window and threshold. The result is described as the surface as shown in Fig. 12 . It can be discovered that the SNR is mainly affected by the threshold.
Fig. 12
Similarly, we have obtained the de-noised result of the polychromatic light. The result is described as Fig. 13 . As shown in Fig. 13, the SNR varies with the width of window slightly and with threshold significantly. It is coincident with the de-noised result of the polychromatic light. The spectral resolution is affected by the width of window and threshold significantly. The spectral resolution of the de-noised spectrum is obtained while the width of window is 5.
Fig. 13
5. Experimental results
Figure 14 shows the measured interferogram obtained by the PIIS. Based on EMD method, one row measured interferogram, denoted as , is decomposed into 9 IMFs (including the residual) as shown in Fig. 15 . The corresponding index is 6. Therefore, the summation of the 7th and 8th IMFs and residual is regarded as the background. The summation of the 1st through 6th IMFs is regarded as the interferogram without background, . As shown in Fig. 16 , the background is almost removed.
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Figure 17 shows the noise free spectrums obtained by the EMDT, WFT and WT de-noising methods. is the noisy spectrum. The fluctuation of the spectrum is suppressed by de-noising effectively. Many other interferograms are processed to verify the robustness of the proposed de-noising methods. It is discovered that the proposed methods are robust.
Fig. 17
6. Conclusion
EMD is an excellent tool for analyzing non-stationary and nonlinear data, and can easily be applied to process the data taken by the PIIS. Based on EMD, the methods have been proposed to remove the background of interferogram and to suppress the effects introduced by the noise of spectrum. According to the simulation, it is discovered that the proposed methods are effective. The assumption of the noise mostly exists in the first IMF of the spectrum is feasible. Comparing the EMDT with WFT and WT de-noising methods, it was found that the EMDT de-noising method is effective. In addition, the methods have been used to suppress the effect from the Gaussian and Poisson noise. It was found that the methods are more effective to suppress the effects from the Gaussian noise. The further work is to improve the de-noising method for the Poisson noise. The data measured by the PIIS was also processed by the proposed methods for the background removal and de-noising. In conclusion, the EMD is adaptive and robust for the removal of the background and the suppression of the effects introduced by the noise.
This work was supported by the 863 Program (2012AA121101), the major state special project (E0310/1112/JC02) and the National Natural Science Foundation (61275184).
References and links
1. C. Zhang, X. Bin, and B. Zhao, "Static polarization interference imaging spectrometer (SPIIS)," Proc. SPIE 4087, 957–961 (2000). [CrossRef]
2. L. Wu, C. Zhang, and B. Zhao, "Analysis of the lateral displacement and optical path difference in Wide-field-of –view polarization interference imaging spectrometer," Opt. Commun. 273(1), 67–73 (2007). [CrossRef]
3. X. Jian, C. Zhang, L. Zhang, and B. Zhao, "The data processing of the temporarily and spatially mixed modulated polarization interference imaging spectrometer," Opt. Express 18(6), 5674–5680 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. C. Zhang and X. Jian, "Wide-spectrum reconstruction method for a birefringence interference imaging spectrometer," Opt. Lett. 35(3), 366–368 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
5. W. Ren, C. Zhang, T. Mu, and H. Dai, "Spectrum reconstruction based on the constrained optimal linear inverse methods," Opt. Lett. 37(13), 2580–2582 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
6. T. Mu, C. Zhang, W. Ren, and C. Jia, "Static polarization-difference interference imaging spectrometer," Opt. Lett. 37(17), 3507–3509 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
7. T. Mu, C. Zhang, C. Jia, and W. Ren, "Static hyperspectral imaging polarimeter for full linear Stokes parameters," Opt. Express 20(16), 18194–18201 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
8. N. E. Huang, Z. Shen, S. R. Long, M. C. Wu, H. H. Shih, Q. Zheng, N.-C. Yen, C. C. Tung, and H. H. Liu, "The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis," Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 454(1971), 903–995 (1998). [CrossRef]
9. Z. Wu and N. E. Huang, "A study of the characteristcs of white noise using the Empirical Mode Decomposition method," Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 460(2046), 1597–1611 (2004). [CrossRef]
10. N. E. Huang, Z. Shen, and S. R. Long, "A new view of nonlinear water waves: The Hilbert spectrum," Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 31(1), 417–457 (1999). [CrossRef]
11. P. Flandrin, G. Rilling, and P. Gonçalves, "Empirical mode decomposition as a filter bank," IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 11(2), 112–114 (2004). [CrossRef]
12. P. D. Spanos, A. Giaralis, and N. P. Politis, "Time-frequency representation of earthquake accelerograms and inelastic structural response records using the adaptive chirplet decomposition and empirical mode decomposition," Soil. Dyn. Earthquake Eng. 27(7), 675–689 (2007). [CrossRef]
13. A. O. Boudraa and J. C. Cexus, "EMD-based signal filtering," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 56(6), 2196–2202 (2007). [CrossRef]
14. A. Moghtaderi, P. Borgnat, and P. Flandrin, "Trend filtering: empirical mode decompositions Versus l1 and Hodrick-Prescott," Adv. Adapt. Data Anal. 3, 41–61 (2011). [CrossRef]
15. H. Liang, Z. Lin, and R. W. McCallum, "Artifact reduction in electrogastrogram based on empirical mode decomposition method," Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 38(1), 35–41 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
16. H. Liang, Q. H. Lin, and J. D. Z. Chen, "Application of the empirical mode decomposition to the analysis of esophageal manometric data in gastroesophageal reflux disease," IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 52(10), 1692–1701 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
17. M. Blanco-Velasco, B. Weng, and K. E. Barner, "ECG signal de-noising and baseline wander correction based on the empirical mode decomposition," Comput. Biol. Med. 38(1), 1–13 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
18. Q. Gao, C. Duan, H. Fan, and Q. Meng, "Rotating machine fault diagnosis using empirical mode decomposition," Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 22(5), 1072–1081 (2008). [CrossRef]
19. R. J. Bell, Introductory Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (Academic Press & London, 1972), Chap. 3.
20. A. O. Boudraa, J. C. Cexus, and Z. Saidi, "EMD-based signal noise reduction," Int. J. Signal Process. 1, 33–37 (2004).
21. L. Donoho, "De-noising by soft-thresholding," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 41(3), 613–627 (1995). [CrossRef]
22. Q. Kemao, "A simple phase unwrapping approach based on filtering by windowed Fourier transform: a note on the threshold selection," Opt. Laser Technol. 40(8), 1091–1098 (2008). [CrossRef]


text: Editor's Note: Any reference to TheStreet Ratings and its underlying recommendation does not reflect the opinion of TheStreet, Inc. or any of its contributors including Jim Cramer or Stephanie Link. Friday, Nov. 1, 2013, 100 U.S. common stocks issued filings of shares being bought or sold by insiders. The transactions ranged in value from $2,920.00 to $142,506,400.00. Highlighted Stocks Traded by Insiders: Mead Johnson Nutrition Company (MJN) - FREE Research Report Singer Robert S who is Director at Mead Johnson Nutrition Company bought 500 shares at $82.46 on Nov. 1, 2013. Following this transaction, the Director owned 20,532 shares meaning that the stake was reduced by 2.5% with the 500 share transaction. The shares most recently traded at $81.75, down $0.71, or 0.87% since the insider transaction. Historical insider transactions for Mead Johnson Nutrition Company go as follows: 4-Week # shares sold: 10,000 12-Week # shares bought: 10,000 12-Week # shares sold: 30,525 24-Week # shares bought: 10,000 24-Week # shares sold: 50,525 The average volume for Mead Johnson Nutrition Company has been 1.5 million shares per day over the past 30 days. Mead Johnson Nutrition Company has a market cap of $16.5 billion and is part of the consumer goods sector and food & beverage industry. Shares are up 24.37% year to date as of the close of trading on Friday. Mead Johnson Nutrition Company manufactures, distributes, and sells infant formulas, children's nutrition, and other nutritional products. The stock currently has a dividend yield of 1.67%. The company has a P/E ratio of 26.3. Currently there are 4 analysts that rate Mead Johnson Nutrition Company a buy, no analysts rate it a sell, and 8 rate it a hold. Exclusive Offer: Get the latest Stock Analysis on MJN - FREE TheStreet Quant Ratings rates Mead Johnson Nutrition Company as a buy. The company's strengths can be seen in multiple areas, such as its revenue growth, growth in earnings per share, expanding profit margins, good cash flow from operations and solid stock price performance. We feel these strengths outweigh the fact that the company is trading at a premium valuation based on our review of its current price compared to such things as earnings and book value. Get the full Mead Johnson Nutrition Company Ratings Report from TheStreet Quant Ratings now. STOCKS TO BUY: TheStreet Quant Ratings has identified a handful of stocks that can potentially TRIPLE in the next 12-months. Learn more. Prev 0 of 5 Next


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Nissan Pathfinder 2009 (2.5L ). From the very beginning I noticed the loud noise from the engine during its warm up (about 1000 rpm) - like from the heavy truck. After some time when the engine becomes hot the noise significantly reduces (about 600 rpm).
Tuesday, May 29th, 2012 AT 6:52 PM


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Of course, guarantees should not be accepted at face value, especially if offered by economic forecasters. But the guarantee of recovery is fortunately not dependent on the niceties of economic modelling. The assurance arises rather from the complete reversal of Britain's economic circumstances following the events of Wonderful Wednesday when sterling took its unplanned leave of the European exchange rate mechanism.
Within the ERM, the economy was in effect sentenced to a lifetime's depression, a result of debt deflation, capacity contraction and a monetary policy regime that was overtight and unbending - suited to German but not UK needs. Caught in the ERM's icy embrace, the economy was forced to adjust to policy. But now the boot is on the other foot; policy is adjusting to the real needs of the economy.
The relaxation of monetary policy since exit day has been substantial - but that in itself does not guarantee recovery. Far more important is the fact that policy is now fully adjustable, and can respond to any unforeseen blow to activity. In short, the economy has back a monetary stabiliser. So while forecasters will continue to argue over the scale and timing of recovery, its arrival is no longer in question.
It is perhaps because of these new certainties that the official policy debate is already shifting into quite different territory. The best minds in Whitehall are again searching for that holy grail, an anchor for Britain's price level. The question is whether there is a guiding star by which the Government can now steer its counter-inflation strategy.
Safe limits
Recovery, rather than ever lower inflation, is rightly the Government's immediate goal. Yet it would be pointless and harmful to generate a recovery that led merely to an accelerating inflation and so to another debilitating period of retrenchment. The Chancellor really needs to have a better clue about the safe limits within which the economy can grow.
A few months ago, Mr Lamont and his speech writers thought they knew what anchored the price level. The answer was the exchange rate, fixed to the mark and Germany's low-inflation standards. At that time Mr Lamont left his audiences in no doubt about the consequences of breaking the sterling/mark link. The option of quitting the ERM and cutting interest rates would leave the credibility of the Government's counterinflation strategy 'in tatters'. Furthermore, 'We know from bitter experience that devaluation just does not work for Britain'.
Mr Lamont and his Treasury team are now singing a rather different tune. Indeed, their new framework for counter- inflation policy comprises a disharmonious medley of songs, old and new. Pretty well everything has been thrown into the pot, including broad and narrow measures of money supply, sterling and house prices. In addition, the Government has implemented a formal pay policy in the public sector and hinted strongly that pay restraint would be jolly helpful in the private sector as well.
On the Treasury's latest projections, this framework produces the neat combination in 1993 of 1 per cent growth and an underlying inflation next Christmas just below the ceiling of Mr Lamont's new 1-4 per cent target range. Thereafter, the promised land of growth at over 3 per cent and inflation under 3 per cent dutifully hoves into view. On the revisionist Treasury arithmetic, it seems - goodness gracious - that devaluation works in Britain after all.
Alas, there is no reason why anyone should trust such projections while the Chancellor's monetary framework remains so muddled. Its architects appear to have borrowed everything, but learnt nothing, from history. Take, for example, the new emphasis on pay restraint - a wonderful flashback to the 1950s and 1960s. In those innocent days, it was conventional wisdom to suppose that wages set by collective bargaining were the ultimate anchor of the price level.
Governments, it was claimed, could secure lower unemployment at some given cost in terms of higher inflation and hope to improve that mix by judicious use of pay policy. As we now know, this intellectual framework fell apart during the 1970s, when unemployment and inflation rose at the same time and pay policies collapsed ignominiously.
Even more depressing is the continued strong emphasis put on the value of sterling. It is, of course, the Government's intention to return to whatever remains of the ERM when conditions permit. And the most influential Treasury officials made their name in greener days by propounding an anglicised variation of what was known in the late 1970s as 'international monetarism'. Perhaps its key conclusion was that sterling devaluation would ultimately be reflected fully in an offsetting rise in wages and prices.
Rate fixation
So the continued emphasis on sterling is predictable. Yet it is also wholly misplaced. Indeed, one wonders how severe a disaster has to befall the economy before the Government's fixation with exchange rate targetry is finally expunged. History reveals the following. First, it is not possible to target monetary growth and the exchange rate at the same time. Second, inflation really is a monetary phenomenon and not, over the long term, the result of cost-push considerations, such as import prices or wages.
Thus in the late 1980s, the Government's ill-starred flirtation with the ERM enabled a runaway expansion of credit and a destabilising acceleration of inflation. Just as damaging, levels of expenditure in the economy were driven well beyond the capacity of its internationally trading sector, leaving Britain with a profound structural balance of payments problem. Similarly, the collapse of credit and monetary growth in the early 1990s and the ensuing depression were the unintentional consequences of the Government's overvalued sterling target.
Reasonable folk would surely conclude that it is the money supply - and not wages or the exchange rate - that should provide the anchor for Britain's price level. Admittedly, monetary targets cannot be treated as automatic pilots. Money numbers, which can be distorted and misleading, need careful interpretation.
Judgement is needed, then. The real question for Britain is whether we should trust to the judgement of those whose credibility has been eviscerated by events, or establish new institutions - an independent central bank and an independent think-tank of economic advisers with executive power - to perform the vital task. Somehow one doubts whether the British economics establishment will make the correct choice.
The author is chief economist at UBS Phillips & Drew.
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This gene article is a stub. It has been seeded with the automatically generated summary from FlyBase release FB2013_02. Please help improve this summary by logging in and editing it.
To return to FlyBase, see FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Or98b.
|Odorant receptor 98b
|Drosophila melanogaster
|Annotation symbol
|FlyBase ID
The gene Odorant receptor 98b is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Or98b (CG1867, FBgn0039582). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to have molecular function: olfactory receptor activity. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to be involved in the biological process: sensory perception of smell. 4 alleles are reported. No phenotypic data is available. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Olfactory receptor, Drosophila. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of extremely low expression to a trough of no expression detected. Peak expression observed within 12-24 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the larval period, at stages throughout the pupal period, in stages of adults of both sexes. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: No expression detected in any larval or adult organs/tissues. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1640437_at partially aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of Or98b: 11 out of 13 probes fall into this exonic region. Gene sequence location is 3R:24177964..24179224.


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Finished Hyper Light Drifter just It was a bit shorter than expected, and I didnt understand much but all in all pretty great!
Most of the bands I liked when I was younger suck But an elite few never stopped being
Just saw one of the greatest music videos Ive ever Its very carefully edited something like 100 different movies into coherent obviously took a LOT of work to
Current Pokemon Go status:
So they finally found out:
Za rodina!
Well, my Best Girl and Marie Amiibo Also, Girls und This is a good
Current status:
Got it and its done and everything is Need to get microsd Until then Im redownloading
Just got back from seeing The Killing Having not read the original, its obvious the beginning they added didnt mesh at It was


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The Westin Haikou - Opening September 30, 2016
The Westin Haikou - Opening September 30, 2016
100 Duhai Road, The Bund CenterHaikou, Hainan, China (86)(898) 6991 6999
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Middle East Supertanker Surplus Seen Unchanged by Brokers
A glut of the largest oil tankers in the Persian Gulf was poised to remain unchanged for a second week, a Bloomberg News survey showed.
There are 17.5 percent more very large crude carriers for hire over the next 30 days than there are likely cargoes, the median estimate in a survey of six shipbrokers and owners today showed. That's the same as on Oct. 30 and Oct. 23, according to previous surveys.
VLCCs on the Saudi Arabia-to-Japan voyage, the benchmark route for supertankers sailing to Asia, are returning to West African ports to collect cargoes, curbing the supply of ships in the Middle East, according to Odysseas Valatsas, chartering manager for Dynacom Tankers Management Ltd. report. Still, the global VLCC fleet will expand 6.8 percent this year, compared with demand growth of 4.8 percent, according to Clarkson Research Services Ltd.
"It seems like the amount of November cargoes will be higher than the last few months," Valatsas said by e-mail today. "There is hope for a much better market."
VLCCs are losing $724 daily, figures from the Baltic Exchange in London showed. That compares with a loss of $1,799 yesterday, the data showed. Returns were positive in only four sessions so far in the second half. Each vessel can hold 2 million barrels of oil.
Speed Cuts
The exchange's assessments don't reflect speed cuts aimed at reducing fuel costs, the main expense for owners, who can boost returns by slowing tankers on return journeys after unloading cargoes. The price of fuel, or bunkers, lost 0.6 percent, sliding to $611.30 a metric ton, the lowest level since July 25, data compiled by Bloomberg from 25 ports showed today.
Hire costs for very large crude carriers on the benchmark Saudi Arabia-to-Japan voyage slipped 0.4 percent to 35.77 industry-standard Worldscale points, exchange data showed.
The Worldscale system is a method for pricing oil cargoes on thousands of trade routes. Each individual voyage's flat rate, expressed in dollars a ton, is set once a year. Today's level means hire costs on the benchmark route are 35.77 percent of the nominal Worldscale rate for that voyage.
The Baltic Dirty Tanker Index, a broader measure of oil-shipping costs that includes vessels smaller than VLCCs, slid 0.6 percent to 655. That's the lowest since Oct. 1, the data showed.


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Canadian Natural Gas Advances as U.S. Fuel Supplies May Decline
Canadian natural gas rose amid speculation that the need for gas-fired generators in Japan could lead to lower supplies of the fuel in the U.S., and as the number of rigs exploring for the fuel dropped for a third straight week.
Nine of 16 analysts in a Bloomberg survey predicted New York gas futures will rise next week as cargoes of liquefied natural gas may be diverted to Japan after the country's worst earthquake on record and a subsequent tsunami damaged nuclear power generators.
"One could expect prospective U.S. nuclear plant development will now be delayed and replaced by natural gas co-generation plants," Chris Damas, a Barrie, Ontario-based analyst with BCMI Research, said in an e-mail. "There is a whole speculative trade that the demise of nuclear power development spells a renaissance for fossil fuels."
U.S. gas drilling rig utilization slid to the lowest level in more than 13 months amid slumping prices as explorers focused on oil. The number of gas rigs in the U.S. fell by seven to 875 this week, according to Baker Hughes Inc.
Gas at the Alliance Pipeline delivery point near Chicago gained 6.24 cents to $3.9884 per million British thermal units on the Intercontinental Exchange. Alliance is an express line that can carry about 1.5 billion cubic feet a day to the Midwest from western Canada.
Idaho Border
At the Kingsgate point on the border of Idaho and British Columbia, gas was up 5.24 cents to $3.8631 per million Btu, according to ICE. At Malin, Oregon, where Canadian gas is traded for California markets, gas jumped 10.11 cents, or 2.6 percent, to $3.9681.
Alberta gas for April rose 1.75 cents to C$3.54 per gigajoule ($3.41 per million British thermal units) as of 3:55 p.m. New York time, according to NGX, a Canadian Internet market. Gas traded on the exchange is shipped to users in Canada and the U.S. Northeast, Midwest and West Coast and is priced on TransCanada's Alberta system.
Natural gas for April delivery on the New York Mercantile Exchange rose 1 cent to $4.168 per million Btu.
Volume on TransCanada Corp.'s Alberta system, which collects the output of most of the nation's gas wells, was 16.2 billion cubic feet as of 3 p.m. in New York, about 173 million below target.
Flow Rates
Gas was flowing at a daily rate of 3.74 billion cubic feet at Empress, Alberta, where the fuel is transferred to TransCanada's main line.
At McNeil, Saskatchewan, where gas is transferred to the Northern Border Pipeline for shipment to the Chicago area, the daily flow rate was 1.63 billion cubic feet.
Available capacity on TransCanada's British Columbia system at Kingsgate was 1.31 billion cubic feet. The system was forecast to carry 1.59 billion cubic feet today, about 55 percent of its capacity of 2.9 billion.
The volume on Spectra Energy's British Columbia system, which gathers the fuel in northeastern British Columbia for delivery to Vancouver and the Pacific Northwest, totaled 2.79 billion cubic feet at 3:20 p.m.


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The Minish Cap, developed by the team that did Oracle of Ages/Seasons hit the GBA in the middle of last month. Take a look at Lee's review, below. He liked it.
Tales from the Borderlands July 31 • 9:00am PDT/12:00pm EDT
Sword Coast Legends Aug 7 • 9:00am PDT/12:00pm EDT
Breath of Fire IV Continues! Every Monday • 5:00pm PDT/8:00pm EDT
Star Wars: KotOR Continues! Coming soon...


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Bowler hat
The bowler hat, also known as a bob hat, derby (US), or bombín,[1] is a hard felt hat with a rounded crown originally created in 1849 for the British soldier and politician Edward Coke, the younger brother of the 2nd Earl of Leicester. The bowler hat was popular with the working class during the Victorian era, and later on with the middle and upper classes in the United Kingdom and the eastern United States.[2] Later in the United Kingdom, it would come to be worn as civilian work dress by former officers of the Queen's Guard.[3] In Bolivia, women of Quechua people have worn bowler hats since the 1920s when British railway workers introduced them there.
Cultural significance in the United Kingdom and Ireland[edit]
From the early 20th century bowler hats were commonly associated with businessmen working in the financial districts, also known as "City Gents". The traditional wearing of bowler hats with City business attire died out in the 1980s.[4] In modern times Bowlers are not common, although the City Gents remain in certain parts of England keeping the tradition alive. The City Gent is arguably the most iconic stereotyped view of an Englishman complete with Bowler and rolled umbrella. For this reason, two bowler-hatted men were used in the logo of the British building society (subsequently bank), Bradford & Bingley.[5]
In Scotland and Northern Ireland the bowler hat is traditionally worn by members of the main Loyalist fraternities such as the Orange Order, the Independent Loyal Orange Institution, the Royal Black Preceptory and the Apprentice Boys of Derry for their parades and annual celebrations.[6]
The bowler hat is said to have been designed in 1849 by the London hat-makers Thomas and William Bowler to fulfill an order placed by the firm of hatters Lock & Co. of St James's.[7] Lock & Co. had been commissioned by a customer to design a close-fitting, low-crowned hat to protect Coke's gamekeepers' heads from low-hanging branches while on horseback at Holkham Hall in Norfolk. The keepers had previously worn top hats, which were easily knocked off and damaged. Lock & Co. then commissioned the Bowler brothers to solve the problem.[7] The identity of the customer is less certain, with many sources suggesting it was William Coke.[3] However research carried out by a nephew of the 1st Earl of Leicester cast some doubt on this story, and it is now believed that the bowler was invented by Edward Coke, the younger brother of the 2nd Earl of Leicester.[2] When Coke arrived in London on 17 December 1849 to collect his hat he reportedly placed it on the floor and stamped hard on it twice to test its strength; the hat withstood this test and Coke paid 12 shillings for it.[8]
Outside the United Kingdom[edit]
The bowler, not the cowboy hat or sombrero, was the most popular hat in the American West, prompting Lucius Beebe to call it "the hat that won the West".[9] Both cowboys and railroad workers preferred the hat because it would not blow off easily in strong wind while riding a horse, or when sticking one's head out the window of a speeding train. It was worn by both lawmen and outlaws, including Bat Masterson, Butch Cassidy, Black Bart, and Billy the Kid. In America the hat came to be commonly known as the derby,[3] and Wild West outlaw Marion Hedgepeth was commonly referred to as "the Derby Kid".
The bowler, called a bombín in Spanish, has been worn by Quechua and Aymara women since the 1920s, when it was introduced to Bolivia by British railway workers. For many years, a factory in Italy manufactured the hats for the Bolivian market, but they are now made locally.[10]
In popular culture[edit]
The bowler hat became a trademark of many comic actors and personalities, such as John Cleese, John Steed, Terry-Thomas, Stephen Fry, Dick Charlesworth, Norman Wisdom, Leslie Phillips, Mr Benn, Laurel and Hardy, and Charlie Chaplin, who were all well known for wearing bowler hats.[7]
There was a chain of restaurants in Los Angeles, California known as The Brown Derby. The first and most famous of these was shaped like a derby, an iconic image that became synonymous with the Golden Age of Hollywood.[11] A chain of Brown Derby restaurants in Ohio are still in business today.
Many paintings by the Belgian surrealist artist René Magritte feature bowler hats.The Son of Man consists of a man in a bowler hat standing in front of a wall. The man's face is largely obscured by a hovering green apple. Golconda depicts "raining men" all wearing bowler hats.
The British bank Bradford and Bingley registered more than 100 separate trademarks featuring the bowler hat, its long-running logo.[12] In 1995 the bank purchased, for £2,000, a bowler hat which had once belonged to Stan Laurel.[12]
Choreographer Bob Fosse frequently incorporated bowler hats into his dance routines. This use of hats as a props, as seen in the 1972 film Cabaret would become one of his trademarks.[13]
The Bob Dylan song On the Road Again contains the lyric "The milkman comes in/ He's wearing a derby hat."[14]
Notable Wearers[edit]
- Alex, the protagonist of A Clockwork Orange, wears a bowler hat.
- Matthew "Stymie" Beard of The Little Rascals wore a bowler hat.
- John Bonham, drummer for Led Zeppelin, wore a bowler hat.
- "Bowler Hat Guy," antagonist of the movie Meet the Robinsons, is named for his choice of hat.
- Boy George often wore a bowler hat in the 1980s.[15]
- Charlie Chaplin wore a bowler hat as part of his 'Little Tramp' costume.[16]
- Edward Coke, for whom the first bowler hat was designed.[2]
- Lou Costello of Abbott and Costello often wore a bowler hat.
- Cornelius Fudge, Minister of Magic from the Harry Potter series, wears a lime green bowler hat.
- Laurel and Hardy are known for wearing bowler hats.
- Seamus McFly in Back to the Future Part III wears a bowler hat.
- Mackie Messer in The Threepenny Opera wears a bowler hat.
- Charlie Morrow, avant-garde composer, commercial jingle writer and soundscape designer, almost always wears a bowler.[17] He sometimes calls himself Mr. Bowler and even has an internet radio site called Mr. Bowler Radio.[18]
- The Plug Uglies, a nineteenth-century American street gang, wore bowler hats stuffed with cloth or wool to protect their heads while fighting.[19]
- John Steed of The Avengers wore a variety of bowler hats throughout the series.[20]
- Oddjob, Auric Goldfinger's manservant, uses his razor-edged bowler hat as a weapon In the 1964 James Bond film Goldfinger.
- John D. Rockerduck possesses the distinctive character trait of eating his bowler hat whenever he is defeated by Scrooge McDuck.
- Suggs, lead singer of Madness, has worn a bowler hat.[7]
- J. Wellington Wimpy wears a bowler hat.
- Notable comic book characters who wear bowler hats include Timothy "Dum Dum" Dugan (Marvel Comics), Thomson and Thompson from The Adventures of Tintin series and The Riddler (DC Comics).
- ^ Hat Glossary
- ^ a b c "The history of the Bowler hat at Holkham" (PDF). Coke Estates Ltd.
- ^ a b c Roetzel, Bernhard (1999). Gentleman's Guide to Grooming and Style. Barnes & Noble.
- ^ "History of the Bowler Hat". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 3 March 2014.
- ^ "Who'll get custody of Bradford and Bingley's bowler hat?". BBC News. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
- ^ "Bowler Hats, Sashes and Banners: the Orange Order in Northern Ireland". Demotix. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
- ^ a b c d "Bowler hat makes a comeback". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved 25 September 2011.
- ^ Swinnerton, Jo (2005). The History of Britain Companion. Robson. p. 42. ISBN 1-86105-914-0.
- ^ The Hat That Won the West. Retrieved 2010-02-10.
- ^ Eigo, Tim. "Bolivian Americans". Countries and Their Cultures. Retrieved 2008-08-13.
- ^ Rubay, Donnell. "The Rogue and the Little Lady: The romance of Wilson Mizner and Anita Loos". The Bernica Herald. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
- ^ a b "Who'll get custody of Bradford and Bingley's bowler hat?". BBC News. 30 September 2008. Retrieved 2 October 2008.
- ^ Bob Fosse
- ^ Bob Dylan
- ^ Rettenmund, Matthew (1996). Totally Awesome 80s: A Lexicon of the Music, Videos, Movies, TV Shows, Stars, and Trends of That Decedent Decade. St. Martin's Griffin. p. 39. ISBN 0-31214-436-9.
- ^ "Charlie Chaplin's bowler hat sold at auction". CBS News (New York). Retrieved 11 June 2016.
- ^ "Charlie Morrow". NewMusicBox. Retrieved July 2, 2015.
- ^ "Mr. Bowler Radio". Retrieved July 2, 2015.
- ^ The Hat House
- ^ John Steed's Fashion
Further reading[edit]
- Fred Miller Robinson, The Man in the Bowler Hat: His History and Iconography (Chapel Hill and London: The University of North Carolina Press, 1993).
- "Whatever Became of the Derby Hat?" Lucius Beebe, Gourmet, May 1966.
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bowler hats.