text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jun 14, 2011
|Priority date
|Aug 14, 2007
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Frank Dell Kronewitter, III, Bong K. Ryu
|Original Assignee
|Argon St
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (11), Non-Patent Citations (11), Referenced by (1), Classifications (29), Legal Events (2)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application claims the priority of U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 60/935,452 filed Aug. 14, 2007, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.
The present disclosure is directed to the field of computer networking, especially over high latency links such as those associated with satellite communications. This disclosure, in particular, relates to the use of cryptographic security mechanisms such as IP-layer encryptors with upper layer performance enhancing proxies over such communication links. Network environments benefiting the most from this invention will be those containing bandwidth-on-demand components.
In a communication network, hosts communicate by sending and receiving packets to each other. This communication may include many different types of physical medium including short copper wires and long geosynchronous satellite links. Network devices which transport packets typically operate transparently from the end hosts so that network devices may be added and removed without modifying the host users of the network.
It is often desirable to secure data from unauthorized persons who may be attempting to eavesdrop on the data. Defense networks may contain potentially damaging military information. Users of public networks may transmit personal or financial data which may be exploited for criminal use.
Encryption is a useful technique to provide security in a public communication network. The sender encrypts data making the data unavailable to potential interceptors and the receiver decrypts the data recovering the original message. Network encryption may occur at various levels throughout the OSI stack including link layer (layer 2), such as classic ATM encryptors; the transport layer (layer 4), such as Secure Socket Layer; or IP network layer (layer 3), such as High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryption (HAIPE). HAIPE is used by the Department of Defense and is based on Internet Protocol Security (IPsec), a standard defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). HAIPE devices provide cryptographic isolation between private networks, referred to as secured security enclaves in the HAIPE terminology. When the data is encrypted, upper layer protocol headers such as TCP and secure enclave IP addresses are converted to cipher text and rendered unavailable in the shared transit network. Network security specialists refer to the secure network as Plain Text or red and the transit, encrypted network as Cipher Text or black.
In a network containing high latency, dynamic bandwidth links, protocol acceleration techniques have been shown to be useful, especially for TCP. One popular technique is the spoofing of network data with a protocol enhancing proxy (PEP). The PEP may employ a protocol optimized for satellite links such as Space Communication Protocol Standards Transport Layer (SCPS-TP) or Xpress Transport Protocol (XTP). For a PEP to work well over a dynamic bandwidth link, the current bandwidth available over the backbone link must be known.
Currently, the network device which knows the current bandwidth resides in the encrypted network since it must be the last device without an RF interface. However, for the PEP software to work it must have access to upper layer header information and so must reside in the unencrypted network. Thus, the PEP typically could not be used with IP layer encryptors because the PEP did not receive bandwidth information across the cryptographic boundary. Signaling the bandwidth data across the cryptographic boundary is the problem which is addressed in the current disclosure.
The present disclosure provides a mechanism to improve Performance Enhancing Proxies (PEPs) when deployed with IP-layer encryptors in a dynamic bandwidth environment. The present disclosure exploits the allowed exchange of signaling across a shared transit environment to a secured network enclave boundary. In one embodiment, ECN bits which typically can be passed through from black side to red side, are used to signal bandwidth across the cryptographic boundary to provide the PEP with access to the current bandwidth available which eliminates the need for ad-hoc bandwidth probing techniques and their associated lag.
These and other aspects will now be described in detail with reference to the following drawings.
Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.
U.S. Pat. App. Pub. 2006/0256817 ("Durst") has proposed two alternate solution to deploying PEPs with IP encryptors. In one solution, IP-layer encryptors are deployed around PEPs to effectively make the PEPs part of the secure network. However, such a solution requires additional IP-layer encryptors thereby increasing the overhead and may be impractical due to accessibility of the PEPs or the costs involved. In another solution, Durst suggests the use of PEP enablers to encapsulate the encrypted packet header, and build a new header to allow the PEP to use TCP on the encrypted packet. However, such a solution has the disadvantage of increased overhead in that dual PEP are required to be deployed around the IP layer encryptors.
Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) is a known signaling technique using low bit rate transmission to provide notification of congestion. A two bit ECN field is available for transmission by IP-layer encryption devices across the cryptographic boundary. The use of ECN bits for signaling applications, such as QoS, is known as described in United States Patent App. Publication No. 20070076599.
In the present disclosure, the pre-existing ECN signaling is used to indicate the available bandwidth to the PEP. Thus, ECN is used in a way not previously contemplated or disclosed in the prior art, and allows bandwidth information to be provided to PEPs when using TCP. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the two ECN bits are associated with four signaling levels: multiplicative increase, multiplicative decrease, additive increase, and additive decrease. The PEP maintains an estimate of the currently available bandwidth and the bandwidth agent on the black side adjusts this estimate using the ECN signaling. Since the signaling only occurs between two devices on the same side of the disadvantaged link, the signaling is not required to be robust. The use of four signaling levels is but one example, and it is contemplated that using more or less than 4 signaling levels is fully encompassed by the present disclosure.
With reference to
A similar scenario occurs with data moving from host 411 to host 401. The bandwidth agent in satellite modem 407 marks black packets destined for network 410 to signal the PEP 409 over network portion 417. PEP 409 then uses these signals to estimate the bandwidth over satellite 406.
The ECN bits may be mapped to bandwidth availability as a function of the communications environment, i.e., bandwidth requirements, latency, etc. For example, Table 1 represents a mapping in a satellite environment where a granularity of 50 kbps is sufficient.
ECN bits
Reduce current bandwidth to 0
Reduce current bandwidth level 50 kbps
Increase current bandwidth level 50 kbps
Increase current bandwidth level 100%
over current level or set current bandwidth to
500 kbps if current bandwidth is 0.
The bandwidth agent in the modem can thus inform the PEP of the currently available bandwidth over the satellite link through multiple ECN bit pattern options and updates over time. Note that an important aspect is rapid notification of large changes in available bandwidth. Thus, the selection of the granularity of the bandwidth availability is a function of the characteristic of the communication environment.
Embodiments of the subject matter and the functional operations described in this specification can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, or in computer software, firmware, or hardware, including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents, or in combinations of one or more of them. Embodiments of the subject matter described in this specification can be implemented as one or more computer program products, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded on a tangible program carrier for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus. The tangible program carrier can be a propagated signal or a computer readable medium. The propagated signal is an artificially generated signal, e.g., a machine-generated electrical, optical, or electromagnetic signal that is generated to encode information for transmission to suitable receiver apparatus for execution by a computer. The computer readable medium can be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readable storage substrate, a memory device, a composition of matter affecting a machine-readable propagated signal, or a combination of one or more of them.
The term "data processing apparatus" encompasses all apparatus, devices, and machines for processing data, including by way of example a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple processors or computers. The apparatus can include, in addition to hardware, code that creates an execution environment for the computer program in question, e.g., code that constitutes processor firmware, a protocol stack, a database management system, an operating system, or a combination of one or more of them.
A computer program (also known as a program, software, software application, script, or code) can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, or declarative or procedural languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as a stand alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program does not necessarily correspond to a file in a file system. A program can be stored in a portion of a file that holds other programs or data (e.g., one or more scripts stored in a markup language document), in a single file dedicated to the program in question, or in multiple coordinated files (e.g., files that store one or more modules, sub programs, or portions of code). A computer program can be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computers that are located at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.
The processes and logic flows described in this specification can be performed by one or more programmable processors executing one or more computer programs to perform functions by operating on input data and generating output. The processes and logic flows can also be performed by, and apparatus can also be implemented as, special purpose logic circuitry, e.g., an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit).
Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a read only memory or a random access memory or both. The essential elements of a computer are a processor for performing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Generally, a computer will also include, or be operatively coupled to receive data from or transfer data to, or both, one or more mass storage devices for storing data, e.g., magnetic, magneto optical disks, or optical disks. However, a computer need not have such devices. Moreover, a computer can be embedded in another device, e.g., a mobile telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile audio or video player, a game console, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, to name just a few.
Computer readable media suitable for storing computer program instructions and data include all forms of non volatile memory, media and memory devices, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, e.g., EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, e.g., internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto optical disks; and CD ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor and the memory can be supplemented by, or incorporated in, special purpose logic circuitry.
To provide for interaction with a user, embodiments of the subject matter described in this specification can be implemented on a computer having a display device, e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor, for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device, e.g., a mouse or a trackball, by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can be used to provide for interaction with a user as well; for example, input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.
Embodiments of the subject matter described in this specification can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back end component, e.g., as a data server, or that includes a middleware component, e.g., an application server, or that includes a front end component, e.g., a client computer having a graphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the subject matter described is this specification, or any combination of one or more such back end, middleware, or front end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication, e.g., a communication network. Examples of communication networks include a local area network ("LAN") and a wide area network ("WAN"), e.g., the Internet.
The computing system can include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other.
While this specification contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of any invention or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments of particular inventions. Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the embodiments described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all embodiments, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products.
Although a few embodiments have been described in detail above, other modifications are possible. Other embodiments may be within the scope of the following claims.
It may be emphasized that the above-described embodiments, particularly any "preferred" embodiments, are merely possible examples of implementations, merely set forth for a clear understanding of the principles of the disclosure. Many variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments of the disclosure without departing substantially from the spirit and principles of the disclosure. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and the present disclosure and protected by the following claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 13, 1994
|Aug 15, 1995
|Uunet Technologies, Inc.
|Computer network encryption/decryption device
|Jan 19, 1994
|Aug 22, 1995
|Uunet Technologies, Inc.
|Computer network encryption/decryption device
|Jun 19, 2000
|Mar 2, 2004
|Hughes Electronics Corporation
|Network system with TCP/IP protocol spoofing
|Sep 18, 2000
|Dec 6, 2005
|Hughes Electronics Corporation
|Selective spoofer and method of performing selective spoofing
|Oct 20, 2009
|Broadcom Corporation
|Explicit congestion notification for DOCSIS based broadband communication systems
|Sep 30, 2005
|Nov 24, 2009
|The Boeing Company
|System and method for providing integrated services across cryptographic boundaries in a network
|Mar 12, 2007
|Apr 27, 2010
|Citrix Systems, Inc.
|Systems and methods of providing proxy-based quality of service
|Apr 30, 2001
|Jan 10, 2002
|Gokhale Dilip S.
|Interworking unit for integrating terrestrial ATM switches with broadband satellite networks
|Jun 7, 2005
|Oct 20, 2005
|Toporek Jerome D
|Internet over satellite apparatus
|Feb 23, 2006
|Nov 16, 2006
|The Mitre Corporation
|System and method for using performance enhancing proxies with IP-layer encryptors
|Sep 30, 2005
|Apr 5, 2007
|The Boeing Company
|System and method for providing integrated services across cryptographic boundaries in a network
|Durresi et al, "Congestion Control using Multilevel Explicit Congestion Notification in Satellite Networks", IEEE, 2001.
|ETSI, "Draft ETSI TS 102 462: Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia (BSM) Services and Architectures: QoS Functional Architecture," Mar. 2006.
|ETSI, "ETSI EN301 790: Digital Video Broadcasting (DBV): Interaction channel for satellite distribution systems," Mar. 2003.
|J. Border, et al, "RFC 3135: Performance Enhancing Proxies Intended to Mitigate Link-Related Degradations," IETF, Jun. 2001.
|J. Ishhac & M. Allman, "On the Performance of TCP Spoofing in Satellite Networks", Milcom, 2001.
|J. Postel, "RFC 792: Internet Control Message Protocol," IETF, Sep. 1981.
|N. Iuoras, T. Le-Ngoc, M. Ashour, & T. Elshabrawy, "An IP-based satellite communication system architecture for interactive multimedia services," Int. J. Satell. Commun. Network., 2003: 21:401-426.
|NSA, "High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor Interoperability Specification-Networking Core", Version 3.0.0.
|NSA, "High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor Interoperability Specification—Networking Core", Version 3.0.0.
|Satlabs, "Interoperable PEP," Nov. 2005.
|T. Le-Ngoc, V. Leung, P. Takats, & P. Garland, "Interactive Multimedia Satellite Access Communications," IEEE Communications Magazine, Jul. 2003, pp. 78-85. Q.C.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 24, 2009
|Jan 7, 2014
|Apriva, Llc
|Method and system for employing a fixed IP address based encryption device in a dynamic IP address based network
|U.S. Classification
|370/236, 713/153, 380/255, 370/468, 370/395.52, 370/466, 726/12
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 27, 2008
Owner name: ARGON ST, VIRGINIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KRONEWITTER, III, FRANK DELL;RYU, BONG K.;REEL/FRAME:021768/0382
Effective date: 20080813
|Dec 15, 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


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Galen Gering and Las Vegas - Sunday 27th June 2010 at Daytime Emmy Awards Las Vegas, Nevada (3 Pictures)
Galen Gering and Las Vegas
Photo credit: Nikki Nelson/WENN.com2
Galen Gering and Las Vegas
Photo credit: Judy Eddy / WENN.com
Galen Gering and Las Vegas
Photo credit: Judy Eddy / WENN.com
View All: Galen Gering and Las Vegas - Sunday...
Next Galen Gering Slideshow: Active For Life event and auction to benefit the March of Dimes at The Warner Drive Studio - Culver City, California - Friday 8th January 2010
The 1969 session, including the only known recording of 'Sunshine Woman' by the band, will be included on a re-issue of 'The Complete BBC Sessions'...
The 55 year old actor joined Chris Martin and co. on stage in New Jersey to perform 'Earth Angel' and 'Johnny B. Goode'.
Bjork Digital comes to London's Somerset House in September, along with a single live show at the Royal Albert Hall.
Kim Kardashian released an audio excerpt from a phone call between Kanye and Taylor Swift over the lyrics of 'Famous' - but if it was recorded...
There's very much a strength of conviction in remaining what you were, but arguably more so in becoming what you want to be.
The BBC drama starring Aidan Turner returns to BBC One on September 4th.
Guns N' Roses were detained at the Canadian border last week for gun possession but they're adamant the weapon didn't belong to them.

subset: commoncrawl


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Walker Edison, Whalen Agree To Settle Lawsuit
Tuesday February 26th, 2013 - 4:12PM
These are shortcuts to your favorite social networking and bookmark sites. Add this story to your Facebook page, del.icio.us, DiggIt, and many others!
Whalen Furniture Mfg. Inc. and Walker Edison Furniture Co. LLC have reached an agreement to settle the existing patent dispute between them, Walker Edison announced in a statement. Under terms of the arrangement, the parties have agreed that Walker Edison will discontinue selling 3-in-1 mounting systems, although it can sell off its current inventory of those products that were at issue in the litigation, the company noted.
Both companies manufacture and sell ready-to-assemble, flat-panel-television mounting systems.
In December, 2011 Whalen initiated legal action against Walker Edison, Z-Line Designs, Inc., Bell'O International Corp. and TechCraft Manufacturing, Inc. in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. Whalen has asserted that the 3-in-1 television stands produced by the competitors named in lawsuits it has filed infringe on patents the company holds.
Ken Whalen, president of Whalen Furniture Manufacturing, told HomeWorld Business, "We intend to defend our intellectual property, and we're happy that Whalen and Walker Edison came to a reasonable conclusion to this matter. We are very pleased Walker Edison has agreed to discontinue offering the three-in-one entertainment solution after selling off its current inventory. A swift conclusion to this matter can only help clarify the issue of the 3-in-1 entertainment solution in the marketplace."
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Fiat Powertrain Technologies of North America, Inc., (FPT NA), has expanded Louisiana-based distributor Laborde Products Inc.'s distribution territory to include Texas, Oklahoma and New Mexico in addition to their current territory, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas and Tennessee.
Laborde Products supplies FPT marine, power generation and industrial engines. FPT industrial engines are fitted with mechanical and electronic injection systems, and meet current and some future emissions standards.
Laborde Products distribute FPT NA, Mitsubishi, Yanmar and Hatz diesel engines and also package their own diesel powered equipment under Diesel America.
Maritime Today
The Maritime Industry's original and most viewed E-News Service
The U.S. Navy conducted a series of cooperative air defense test exercises with the Spanish navy that culminated in live missile firing events using the latest Aegis Weapon System baseline July 20-21.
After 25 years as CEO of Antwerp Port Authority, Eddy Bruyninckx has been raised to the nobility by H.M. the king of Belgium with the rank of baron. In Belgium
In June, the SENER engineering and technology group participated in the 17th Morintekh – Praktik 2016 Scientific Conference, in the city of St. Petersburg, Russia.


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The Nitty Gritty comb is a chemical free, gentle way to remove all head lice, nits AND eggs quickly in one go with its unique 'micro-spiral' grooved teeth.
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H&M Website Gets A Shiny Revamp, But Still No E-Commerce
Those stylish Swedes at H&M cheered up our morning with a brightly-designed website revamp, which includes searching by trend, the organic and eco-friendly "Conscious Collection," and a brand-spanking-new Android app. The facelift means easier navigation and a well-crafted blog with tons of inspirations and tips. What is noticeably missing, much to the chagrin of, well, everyone, is any e-commerce, which means we can certainly look at adorable dresses (and even see how much they cost) but not purchase them (you'll have to wait until 2012 for e-commerce!). The Android fans in our office gave the new app a test drive—literally shaking your phone nets you sweet deals and allows you to save them for later—but without being able to shop online, it's still just digital window shopping. So, unforch, after we make our online shopping list, we have to begrudgingly walk the six blocks to our nearest H&M. Alas.
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this series is my favorite of them all. i hope they keep coming. i couldn't put untamed down


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Lady in the Van (Bilingual)
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Based on the true story of Miss Shepherd (played by a magnificent Maggie Smith), a woman of uncertain origins "temporarily" parks her van in Alan Bennett's (Alex Jennings) London driveway and proceeds to live there for 15 years. What begins as a begrudged favor becomes a relationship that will change both their lives.Acclaimed director Nicholas Hytner reunites with iconic writer Alan Bennett to create this rare and touching portrait.
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We live in a world of too much trash entertainment so it is wonderful there is still some class entertainment.
Margaret T, Fairchild (Maggie Smith) aka Mary, is an elderly woman who lived in her van. In the opening scene, which is dark, there is an accident, one in which she runs from. She ends up in Camden Town and in the yard of playwright Alan Bennett (Alex Jennings). Bennett separates himself into two people, the author, and the individual who deals with stubborn woman in the van.
As the film progresses, the glimpses we get of her younger life fill in, as we discover this is an educated woman, who is accomplished, and whose life is now being wasted. Alan constantly contrasts her to his own mother, in a home who doesn't remember him.
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Based on the true story, Miss Shepherd was a woman of uncertain origins who "temporarily" parked her van in Bennett's London driveway and proceeded to live there for 15 years. What began as a begrudged favour became a relationship that would change both their lives. Filmed on the street and in the house where Alan Bennett and Miss Shepherd lived for all those years, acclaimed director Nicholas Hytner reunites with Alan Bennett ['The Madness of King George' and 'The History Boys'] to bring this funny, poignant, and life-affirming story to the screen.
FILM FACT: Awards and Nominations: 2015 73rd Golden Globe® Awards: Nominated: Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture for a Musical or Comedy for Dame Maggie Smith. 2015 69th British Academy Film Awards: Nominated: Best Actress in a Leading Role for Dame Maggie Smith. 2015 43rd Evening Standard British Film Awards: Win: Best Actress for Dame Maggie Smith. Nicholas Hytner directed the original stage production at the Queen's Theatre in London, while Alan Bennett adapted the screenplay from his 1999 West End play of the same name, which was nominated at the 2000 Olivier Awards for Play of the Year. The film was shown in the Special Presentations section of the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival. The film's score consists of classical music by Chopin and others; some additional music was composed by George Fenton.Read more ›
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This is an very endearing movie. Whilst Maggie Smith's character is exasperating at times. she is also very endearing in a strange way. Well done Maggie as always.Published 6 days ago by Peter M
It was so good, great acting with Maggie Smith and the story line. Watched it twice.Published 29 days ago by B.A. Lapointe
Maggie Smith is a wonderful actress and this being a true story was very heart wrenching. Great film!Published 1 month ago by Jack Kolafa
Could not see it on the big screen here, everyone that has watched it has loved it. Fast delivery after I booked it.Published 1 month ago by Annette Sawers
A boring pointless film. How a movie about a filthy disgusting old miserable selfish lady warranted a movie I do not know. Read morePublished 1 month ago by stormy


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32nd St. Commissary (San Diego, CA)
Finally got the chance to go to the brand-new Commissary on 32nd Street in San Diego, and this place is massive! 20 aisles of groceries (big by even civilian grocery store standards) and even has a convenience store-like "Grab n Go" section up front.
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"This book combines the unique strengths of the authors to create a beautiful coverage of the interplay between the underlying deep theory, practical algorithms, and software tools in use today for Web data management. It is destined to become the authoritative source for this topic for students and practitioners alike."
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"Web data management is a broad field, and this text manages to cover it all while tying the material together brilliantly, conveying them as a single field rather than just a collection of independent topics. It succeeds in explaining both theory and practice -- a difficult task that you do not often see accomplished in any field of computer science. It is a unique book that fills a pressing need."
Michael Benedikt, University of Oxford
"In my view, for a topic that is still so new and is the subject of so much active research, this is an excellent textbook that I recommend. It is written with undeniable expertise, and is a perfect balance between scientific rigor and practical examples."
P. Navrat, Computing Reviews
"For those interested in or conducting research in this area, it provides a thorough review of literature in the field and addresses a significant number of applications and topics, ranging from personal complex data management to enterprise-wide data storage and maintenence, which are current and relevant to the new generation of web technologies and the increasing migration to the web and cloud storage. Recommended."
T.D. Richardson for Choice Magazine
Book Description
This book explains Web standards for data management, with a focus on data distribution, providing a foundation for today's data integration applications and tomorrow's semantic Web. Striking a balance between the conceptual and the practical, the book contains numerous examples and case studies, offering a thorough introduction to new global information systems for Web professionals as well as for master's level courses.See all Product Description
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Off-Campus Dining:
Scripps Ranch has limited options, but Downtown San Diego is 10-15 minutes away, as is La Jolla, and there are a TON of great options there.
Administration seems to disagree with each other on policies and it doesn't really affect the students, but you get conflicting e-mails all the time about policy changes within programs and it can become annoying.
The Financial Office always gives you quick replies and is a pleasure to work with. They go above and beyond to find you funding.
Campus Food:
Some days the food is amazing, others is not very good. Overall quality is good, but consistency of food worth eating is day-to-day.
The process was fairly easy, however the financial aid advisors were difficult to work with.
Health & Safety:
The school could increase security presence and awareness.
The school does not focus on athletics so sports are secondary.
Greek Life:
The school supports all greek programs so its easy to get involved.
Guys & Girls:
The students are mixed in age and culture, dating is easy and not competitive.
Local Area:
There are many retail shops within a short bus ride so it is easy to get supplies. The restaurants are also easy to get to because of the school shuttle.
Campus Housing:
The dorms are spacious and inviting.
Overall Experience:
The professors are very nice and helpful and the class sizes are small.
Local Area:
It's next to a military base and a major highway, so there's not that many things to do.
I am a Marine veteran so i was able to use my GI-Bill and the process was quick thankfully.
Health & Safety:
Never saw any crime or violence on campus, so i feel pretty safe when i go to school.
Went well for me and I received the help I needed.
Off-Campus Housing:
I don't house of campus just rated on what I have heard.
Importance of education and attendance is emphasized.
For the most part it's less strict then other schools.
I'm in a grad program and the professors are friendly. However, in my school psychology program we usually lack feedback on our papers.
I far I like it
Campus Food:
Wish it was opened late
Came across different cultures that have been part of my learning experience
Off-Campus Dining:
You need a car. Without one, it would be pretty tough to reach places.
It's hard to say.. but I get the feeling that not many members of the LGBT feel 100% comfortable, and there is not much minority representation as far as faculty members go.
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General Message Board
Speeding penalties?
Seems to me there could be some easy way to warn the drivers when they are about to exceed pit row speed. My wife made the suggestion to set up the radars so that they give the speeds of the cars on led displays at several places along pit road. If this wouldn't work for all the congestion then perhaps NASCAR can radio the drivers as they enter pit road after they are done qualifying and allow them to see where their tach needs to be set at. This way the drivers would know where to have the tach needle each time they enter and exit regardless of which car they are in, since each car is different. This should at the least allow each one of them the real truth. Then there wouldn't be any questions as to whether they were speeding or not. All the telemetry is sent to the NASCAR booth anyway why can't they just add a speed dial that records the Tach's info and converts it to MPH from RPM's.Sort: Newest | Oldest | Most Replied Expand all replies
Thet way, everybody is happy - except the competition - and you don't want THEM happy, LOL....thet's not the idea....
I jest heard them have this discussion on "This Week in NASCAR" (the re-run, of course, LOL). When AJ suggested this, I jest dismissed it as unfeasible due to congestion - but Mike Wallace jest said he would give anything to have radar and display set up in jest two places along pit row...I'll be danged!
- 1 Reply to JoanieReb
Part of the reason radar would never work is the same reason NASCAR abandoned the stop-watch and timing stripes on pit road.
Back in the day, Dale Sr figured out which timing stripes NASCAR officials were watching due to the fact they had to have an official for every car, they couldn't watch the entire length of pit road. So Mr. Earnhardt would speed through the vacated loops and mind his speed in the patrolled areas.
Cheater? Maybe... Seven time Champ? Exactly! LOL!
lol...........no offense aj turtle,but it looks funny seeing the word turtle along w/ a thread about speeding penalties...rlmfao
- 1 Reply to RAZR™
I didn't even notice that Razor, that's some funny stuff right there! No offense meant AJ.
"Racing is to be done on the track not pit road. "
Then why do teams spend millions to get the fastest guys on pit road. Today, did Kurt Busch lose the race on the track or in the pits?
or they could just let the computers do it for them, like at indy. all the driver does is steer. I prefer to keep it in the drivers keep it in their hands. Stats show that for every driver cough speeding, 35 were not.
Looks like everyone thinks I'm full of crap about how the teams come up with pit road speeds...
They have the formula worked out before the car leaves the shop, then they check it there. It's all about gear ratios folks. No radar guns, timing lights, or pace cars.
Transponders on each individual car and timing lines that are embedded in the concrete on pit road. How could timing lights work with 43 cars pitting? Radar couldn't single out each driver, the pace car would have to pace each car individually, and timing lights couldn't distinguish one car from the other.
Transponders, however are what NASCAR uses for the scoring loops on the track to set the order at caution and the finish, and also the timing lines in the pits. Don't believe me? Look it up.
- 1 Reply to Da Goat®
I agree 100%, it has nothing to do with speed. Its about timing loops and rotation. JJ alway picks the stall (when he cant pick the 1st) because at some tracks the last few stalls are in the 1st timing loop. The car is going to stop for at least 10 seconds so there is now way it can be timed too fast. When you pit under green in those stall's you dont have to be worried with your speed in that loop. So really you just have to woo the car up enough to stop the car in the stall.
How bout, just dont speed.
I usually do mine wed. but monday is working out good too. I haven't done a Sunday line up yet. I guess like Boss Hog and boys I like at least a night to let the last race go an emotions to pass. LoL.
Locked and loaded!
I've learned that picking early is best. Never change on the day of the race, unless you have a DNQ. Second guessing only creates mistakes. Go strong, and unless something you failed to think of comes to life then leave it alone. LoL.
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Molecular mechanistic explanation for the spectrum of cholestatic disease caused by the S320F variant of ABCB4
Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report.
E.J.A. was funded by Barts and the London Charity award 458/1495. M.N. was funded by a Medical Research Council centenary award. M.R.R. was supported by funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science (Grant SAF2010-15517). The groups of K.J.L. and C.W. are supported by the Medical Research Council, UK (MC_U120088463) and Imperial College Healthcare NHS trust biomedical research centre, respectively.
ABCB4 flops phosphatidylcholine into the bile canaliculus to protect the biliary tree from the detergent activity of bile salts. Homozygous-null ABCB4 mutations cause the childhood liver disease, progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, but cause and effect is less clear, with many missense mutations linked to less severe cholestatic diseases. ABCB4S320F, in particular, is described in 13 patients, including in heterozygosity with ABCB4A286V, ABCB4A953D, and null mutants, whose symptoms cover the spectrum of cholestatic disease. We sought to define the impact of these mutations on the floppase, explain the link with multiple conditions at the molecular level, and investigate the potential for reversal. ABCB4S320F, ABCB4A286V, and ABCB4A953D expression was engineered in naïve cultured cells. Floppase expression, localization, and activity were measured by western blot, confocal microscopy, and lipid transport assays, respectively. ABCB4S320F was fully active for floppase activity but expression at the plasma membrane was reduced to 50%. ABCB4A286V expressed and trafficked efficiently but could not flop lipid, and ABCB4A953D expressed poorly and was impaired in floppase activity. Proteasome inhibition stabilized nascent ABCB4S320F and ABCB4A953D but did not improve plasma membrane localization. Cyclosporin-A improved plasma membrane localization of both ABCB4S320F and ABCB4A953D, but inhibited floppase activity. Conclusion: The level of ABCB4 functionality correlates with, and is the primary determinant of, cholestatic disease severity in these patients. ABCB4S320F homozygosity, with half the normal level of ABCB4, is the tipping point between more benign and potentially fatal cholestasis and makes these patients more acutely sensitive to environmental effects. Cyclosporin-A increased expression of ABCB4S320F and ABCB4A953D, suggesting that chemical chaperones could be exploited for therapeutic benefit to usher in a new era of personalized medicine for patients with ABCB4-dependent cholestatic disease. (Hepatology 2014;59:1921–1931)


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Talking to slides
Lucy Kellaway of Financial Times has just distributed the 2012 'Golden Flannel Awards' for 'guff, cliché, euphemism and verbal stupidity'. The winner of the Preposition Award is the innocuous word "to" as increasingly heard in presentations: "I've got some slides to talk … Continue reading
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Spaces between Us: Queer Settler Colonialism and Indigenous Decolonization Scott Lauria Morgensen. First Peoples: New Directions in Indigenous Studies Series. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2011. 292 pp.
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Gene Smith Lives
"Gene Smith Lives!" is the latest brain-child of local guitar hero, Gene Smith. Those who know Gene from earlier projects like the Sacramento favorite, "Kai Kln", the rock power house that is "The Ricky & Del Connection" or the sublime quirkiness of "Ardella's Crown" will recognize the truth in one Bay Area producers statement, "You just never know what to expect from a Gene Smith project. It's always different and it's always amazing."
Kristine David and Nick Embly were performing locally in separate projects, the common link in both being none other than, Gene Smith. Initially, Gene and Kristine joined forces with a mutual desire to write and perform material not heard in any former projects. With the sun setting on "Ardella's Crown", it wasn't long, before the trio was completed by bassist, Nick Embly, introduced into the fold by Gene and ultimately filling out the sound of what is "Gene Smith Lives!"


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As-of May 2, the team has raised $86,585.
All funds raised will go to Rett research taking place in Massachusetts.
Its not too late to make a donation
Order your Shirt and Support the Team!
Marathon 2015
RSAM Spring Meeting Monday, May 23,2016 (7:00P)Children's Hospital Waltham
Children's Hospital Waltham
For more info visit
For more info visit ripitforrett.com


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Keep a comfortable grip on your hot beverages with this custom coffee sleeve that features a full color imprint.
This promotional folding water bottle has a silver framing with stock graphics that look like your typical bottled water.
Slice your pizza with ease while promoting your brand with an OXO Good Grips custom pizza cutter.
A Wine Bottle Shape Logo USB Drive makes a great mail-out promotion's for grand openings, special events and product launches.


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Working with the Annotations toolbar
Working with the Annotations toolbar
Preview in Snow Leopard, like its predecessors, gives you the ability to add annotations to PDF documents. This lets you collaborate with coworkers by commenting and marking up documents directly on the PDF themselves without worrying about altering the layout of the original document. You can still find the Annotation tools under Tools > Annotate, but this was and still is kind of a cumbersome way to access the tools you will need to draw arrows, or circles, or ovals, or highlight strike-through or underlined text. New to Preview and Snow Leopard is the Annotation toolbar which you can turn on by clicking the Annotate button and you can see that the Annotation toolbar appears at the bottom of the Preview Window.
And this gives you quick access to all the Annotation tools. So now I can select the Oval tool and draw an oval, move it around a little bit and highlight some text. I can add a note. So as you can see it's so much quicker and efficient to use this toolbar than it is to sele...
Working with the Annotations toolbar provides you with in-depth training on Business. Taught by Garrick Chow as part of the Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard New Features
- Subject:
- Business
- Software:
- Mac OS X
- Author:
- Garrick Chow
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Greenville Area Chamber of Commerce
Greenville Area Chamber of Commerce
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Twitter adds more college sports to its video streaming lineup
Following its deal with the Pac-12, Twitter will stream live games from more conferences.
Periscope videos can now be embedded with a tweet
There are also new "Highlight" trailers that recap streams.
NBA announces two original shows that will stream on Twitter (updated)
Get your news and analysis from the league's new shows that are exclusive to the social network.
Facebook and ABC team up for live DNC and RNC coverage
The non-stop streaming isn't just a rehash of TV content, either.
Twitter's latest sports streaming deal is for Pac-12 college games
The social network locks down college sports out west.
One frightening live sex show and the state of 360 video
It's not right; but it's OK.
Twitter will livestream the Democratic and Republican conventions
You won't have to turn on your TV to see the nomination process.
Mark Zuckerberg comments on 'graphic and heartbreaking' video
Shortly after his post, livestreams captured a shooting at a Dallas protest.
Facebook says a 'glitch' briefly deleted Falcon Heights video
"We're very sorry that the video was temporarily inaccessible," a spokesperson told TechCrunch.


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2011 Arizona Piglet Bookby Drew Johnson
Some politicians are quick to blame declining revenues for government budgetary woes. Readers of the 2011 Arizona Piglet
- LendMe LendMe™ Learn More
Arizona state government is in the midst of a $700 million budget crisis. Cities, counties, and school districts across the state are struggling to make ends meet. The federal government is drowning in record deficits and mounting debt.
Some politicians are quick to blame declining revenues for government budgetary woes. Readers of the 2011 Arizona Piglet Book, however, will quickly see that too much spending, not too little tax revenue, is the real culprit.
The 2011 Arizona Piglet Book exposes 142 pork projects, bad ideas, and misuses of power that have wasted over $1.2 billion.
The wasteful spending includes:
$5,523,863 to subsidize private business development in Tucson's Rio Nuevo district;
$110,000 to hire a state demographer so the state doesn't miss out on any population-related federal handouts funded by taxpayers;
$15,000 to install a public audio system on the streets of downtown Safford;
$10,000 to subsidize an outdoor festival exploring the role of sheep in the Diné culture;
$281,924 on membership dues in two professional legislative organizations;
$200,000 to pay school bus drivers and bus aides for time they didn't work; and
$2,351 to underwrite the production of, among other shows, "Abraham Lincoln's Big, Gay Dance Party."
The Goldwater Institute and Citizens Against Government Waste have joined to expose these and many more examples of tax-dollar misuse in the 2011 Arizona Piglet Book. The publication is the Grand Canyon State's only comprehensive examination of the waste of taxpayer dollars committed by politicians and bureaucrats at all levels of government in Arizona.
Product Details
- 2940012848963
- Publisher:
- Goldwater Institute
- Publication date:
- 03/09/2011
- Sold by:
- Barnes & Noble
- Format:
- NOOK Book
- File size:
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A recipe for pistachio flan with pistachio paste, eggs, cream and raw pistachios. You can simply the recipe by baking the flan in a double boiler flan pan.
Substitute 1 tablespoon chopped with 1 teaspoon dried, OR 1 teaspoon mint from a herbal mint teabag OR 1 drop oil of peppermint. OR for an alternate flavor try substituting 1 tablespoon chopped parsley or basil.
Food waste is a major problem in the U.S. About 20% of all produce grown here is rejected for retail grocery sales simply because it cosmetically less appealing. Enter Imperfect Produce, a new California company formed to help farmers and get more reasonably priced produce into the hands of consumers.
This pair of Old Paris pot de creme cups have a hexagonal shape and each is decorated with delicate little pink and blue flower
Another Manresa Bread pastry, buttery, flaky pastry, red pepper jam, cheese Danish, topped with poppy seeds.... https://t.co/ZUlUv40qsB
Any locals out there try Jack Rose Brunch? https://t.co/NOK1idf1HB


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It's Raining Pigs & Noodles
It's Raining Pigs & Noodles
Greenwillow Books, Paperback, 9780060763909, 159pp.
Publication Date: December 26, 2012
It's raining pigs and noodles, it's pouring frogs and hats, chrysanthemums and poodles, bananas, brooms, and cats.Assorted prunes and parrotsare dropping from the sky, here comes a bunch of carrots, some hippopotami.
The master of mischievous rhyme, Jack Prelutsky, and his partner in crime, James Stevenson, have whipped up a storm of more than one hundred hilarious poems and zany drawings. Grab your umbrella and make sure it's a big one
James Stevenson is the creator of many acclaimed books for children and is a cartoonist for "The New Yorker," He lives in Cos Cob, Connecticut.
"The reigning czars of silliness are back on the warpath, wreaking poetic havoc with yet another deliciously sly volume. Hats off to these two glorious goofballs!"
-Publishers Weekly (starred review)
"Sure to tickle readers young and old."
-The Horn Book
"The verse is fresh and catchy with sparkling wordplay and unexpected rhymes, and line drawings the humor with verve."
-School Library Journal
"Unabated chaos that celebrates imagination."
-ALA Booklist


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Saw TWC forecast this morning and it looks like winter might actually start tonight. Don't get me wrong - I'm loving the 50+ temps but just wish there was something I could actually do outdoors other than turn the compost pile before it freezes solid. I think, though, that I'll be content indoors tomorrow with 20 to 3mph winds and snow.
Is winter finally coming?
duck_toller Middleton, WI(Zone 4b) Jan 13, 2012
Anyone own a Farmer's Almanac? Any idea what this lack of winter snow will do to our plants? Will it affect our spring rain too?
CindyMzone5 Hobart, IN Jan 13, 2012
Hmm - the only effects that I can think of are reduced soil moisture in the spring, lack of adequate protection for plant roots. Luckily, it's been warm so no harm from lack of snow cover. But it's only mid-Jan with lots of winter to get through yet. It's supposed to be back in the 40's with rain on Tuesday of next week.
Post a Reply to this Thread
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I'm using Git Bash terminal, php 5.4.10, OpenServer (wamp), windows 7
I am trying to load some library by Composer, but I can not because it says:
Kinda weird because curl is working at php
but, for some reasons, php.ini file was not loaded to git bash terminal.
Why? How I can init php.ini at terminal and made it work?


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This Hotel is fabulous. Not only the quality of the place itself but the uncanny kindness of everyone in the staff. Spacious, quiet, great food, great view, great location, and if you're looking for a unusual SPA, their Wine masages are for you.
Beach is small and a little rocky but you can swim with hundreds of colourful fishes around you. Bring a little bread for an amazing experience.
*Warning: it's an open sea. Do NOT swim far.
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Discover an amazing world of contrasts where the desert meets the sea. For your visit to this seductive and enchanting destination, choose the world-class Fiesta Americana Grand Los Cabos All Inclusive Golf & Spa, where your visit will be defined by exclusivity, luxury and distinction. The exceptional hotel helps you to enjoy your vacation in Grand Style. You'll be amazed by the subtle details and the diversity of the flavors, aromas and colors that emerge throughout your stay. Every day is memorable and different. And there's no better way to enjoy it than with our Grand All Inclusive concept, where it's indulging just to be here. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Expedia, Booking.com, Cancelon, Hotwire, BookIt.com, Cheap Tickets, Despegar.com, Hotels.com, Odigeo, Travelocity, Otel, Priceline, Orbitz and Jetsetter so you can book your Grand Fiesta Americana Los Cabos All Inclusive Golf & Spa reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Fiesta Americana Grand Los Cabos Golf Hotel Cabo San Lucas
- Fiesta Americana Grand Los Cabos Golf And Spa
- Fiesta Americana Cabo San Lucas
- Fiesta Americana Los Cabos
- Cabo San Lucas Fiesta Americana
- Los Cabos Fiesta Americana Resort
- Grand Fiesta Americana Los Cabos All Inclusive Golf & Spa Cabo San Lucas


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Woman struck by vehicle at Indian River Road and S. Military Highway
Investigators say the woman was crossing the road — not in the crosswalk — when she was hit by the vehicle.
Investigators say the woman was crossing the road — not in the crosswalk — when she was hit by the vehicle.
Ariya Washington was last seen in the 900 block of North King Street.
Grab your BFF and do something special to celebrate.
Police say the suspect entered two unoccupied homes by breaking the door.
Bucks would be tranquilized, given vasectomies and released.
A man is set to serve 12 years in prison for sexual abuse of a minor, according to the Virginia Beach Commonwealth's Attorney's Office.
Schwarzenegger got a tour of the USS Bainbridge and met Commander of Navy Region Mid-Atlantic Rear Admiral Jack Scorby.
Deep Creek Elementary School was evacuated for part of Wednesday Morning due to a gas leak.
Officials hope to perform a necropsy as soon as Thursday to determine what caused the dolphin to strand itself.
A former Navy sailor who was stationed on Wallops Island will be serving 10 years in prison for distributing child pornography.
Fort Norfolk will be closed for visitors for 10 days starting Thursday, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers announced Wednesday.
On Thursday, the Peninsula Health District lifted advisories for Hilton, Huntington, King Lincoln, and Anderson Park Beaches.
A William and Mary professor is facing charges including harassment by computer, according to online court records.
Security footage shows the man trying to drag the girl out of the store.
Maria Sharapova has been suspended for two years for testing positive for meldonium at the Australian Open.
The gate was back up and running by Wednesday afternoon.


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iHerb 顾客评论
节省: ¥47.57 (24 %折扣)
Good for many things
Reviewer1200463发表于 May 13, 2010
This is such a great product, and since a little goes a long way, it is very economical. I mix a few drops in a spray bottle of water to clean the bathroom and kitchen counters to deter insects and germs. Also makes a great insect repellent for the skin, but take care around the face. I mix with 3 parts coconut oil for muscle pain. herpes, headache. Dab on a pimple or insect bite and they dry up rapidly. For internal use I use Now´s Oregano Oil softgels.
good, cheaper than competitors
Reviewer1529050发表于 Sep 09, 2012
i used it undeluted for external applications. It is stronger than diluted products, i bought it to try as it is cheaper than competitors and reordering now when run out of it. Carvacol is lower than others but for my purposes works better undeluted. Smell and burning very strong so be carefull and try on small places :)
Great Pain Reliever!
Reviewer2596873发表于 Jul 19, 2011
I dilute this myself with olive oil (50%). This is an affordable way to get oregano oil at the right concentration for skin application. Oregano Oil is a great pain reliever. When I get a headache or sore muscles I just rub in liberally where it hurts and it dulls or eradicates the pain. It contributes greatly to my quality of life!
Powerful Stuff
Reviewer1142273发表于 Mar 21, 2010
My husband has been taking an expensive brand of OOO for years. I decided to try Now OOO. It's more powerful and cost less.
Good pure Oregano oil
Reviewer2991207发表于 Jun 28, 2011
This oil is excellent value, smells right and goes a long way as it is undiluted. It is pure and very strong, dilute before use. Best one I have tried. Also very successfully treats fungal nail infections. Mary from Australia
Good deal on this item.
Reviewer2738875发表于 Dec 23, 2009
I have been using this Oregano Oil mixed with olive oil (about 1:3 dilution) for neuropathic leg pain from diabetes. It helps quite a bit. It smells pretty strong! Will purchase again when needed.
Medicine Oil
Reviewer1425826发表于 Dec 16, 2012
This is genuine, if you don't know how to use it, you shouldn't mess with it. For those who know the value of this, a valueable tool.
Yeast infection
Reviewer1436228发表于 Aug 12, 2011
Very strong. Be careful when applying to sensitive skin areas. Used to kill thrush on skin. Worked well. Also used internally to remove internal yeast infection. I think that it is helping.
Wow, too powerfull
Reviewer1788637发表于 Jul 19, 2011
Again, I have a Mycoplasma infection, and mix 20 drops of this Oregano oil with a full dropper of Olive Leaf extract, and some juice. This is powerfull stuff, its hard to find such pure unadultered essence oil. Most companies are trying to make a fast buck, but definately not this one.
Seems to have benefits of antibiotics without the side-effects.
Reviewer2418310发表于 Aug 08, 2011
I use this "straight" in capsules and drink with a cold beverage when I have sinus issues, yeast, and acne. Seems to work great, plus I have more energy after a few days use.


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- Other Operating Systems (241)
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Virtual Casino
Virtual casino come and meet us at a place where we will rip all your money :-)2 weekly downloads
Virtual Environment Software Sandbox
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Big BopperAfficher sur iTunes
Pour écouter un extrait d'un morceau, survolez son titre avec la souris et cliquez sur Lecture. Ouvrir iTunes pour acheter et télécharger de la musique.
Legendary as one of the three rock greats to die in the tragic 1959 Clear Lake, IA, plane crash that also claimed the lives of Buddy Holly and Ritchie Valens, the Big Bopper (born Jiles Perry Richardson) had just established himself as a rock hitmaker with the rollicking "Chantilly Lace." Born in the heart of Texas, Richardson grew up in Beaumont and changed his first name to Jape. He broke into show biz as a DJ over KTRM radio, where he coined the nickname the Big Bopper. He began recording for Mercury in 1957, his animated baritone scaling pop play lists the next year with "Chantilly Lace" — easily his top seller — and the equally raucous novelty "Big Bopper's Wedding." Richardson wrote "White Lightning," a huge country hit for George Jones, and Johnny Preston's number-one smash "Running Bear."
Classement des albums
Classement des morceaux
Nom de naissance :
Jiles Perry Richardson, Jr.
Né(e) :
24 octobre 1930 à Sabine Pass, TX
Années d'activité :


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2008 Summer Camps 9
Journalism Camp participant Hayley, left, interviews counselor Brianna Lebuskes, right, during an interview/story research session. Lebuskes, a senior at Penn State University Park, is in her fourth year studying journalism, and "loves seeing and interacting with the up-and-coming journalists."
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Taken on July 16, 2008


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'Skinny Pasta' from Boossh
Seven (£9), Twenty Eight (£34), or Fifty Six (£67) Assorted Packs of 'Skinny Pasta'
special delivery
shop unique gifts and deliver them with style
easy, flexible delivery
print it out, email it now, or schedule it for a later date--it's up to you
personalized email
Emailing your gift? Write a message, select a theme, and hit send. The price you paid will not be displayed in the email.
special printed voucher
Delivering the gift in person? Choose a theme, print it out, and pass it along to that special someone. It's that simple.


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Did you mean flights from Little Rock to Springfield?
Cheap Flights from Springfield to Little Rock, AR, United States - SPI to LIT Last modified: Jul 25, 2016 1:48 AM
When Can I Buy the Cheapest Flight from Springfield to Little Rock (SPI to LIT)?
Airlines can adjust prices for plane tickets from Springfield to Little Rock based on the day and time that you decide to book your flight. We have collected data from all airlines, and have discovered that the best days to book flights are Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Saturdays. Read our article to find more information about the best time to buy airline tickets.
Airports for Your Route
These pages contain information about the major airports in Springfield and Little Rock, so you can feel comfortable knowing how to get around whether you are about to take off or you just landed.


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VibeSys, Prenscia Access, Composite Analysis introduced
Expand your software knowledge
Watch nCode webinars
Powerful, intuitive data processing system for engineering test data analysis.
The world's leading fatigue analysis tool for fatigue life prediction.
Product News & Updates
- June 9 - nCode Supplementals released for ANSYS nCode DesignLife customers
- May 25 - ReliaSoft and nCode Unite Processes as HBM Prenscia
- New! Download nCode 12
- Download nCode Viewer
- Learn about the Premium Materials Database
- Browse brochures and technical papers
New software by nCode designed for acoustics and vibration analysis.
Engineering Events
June 15-16 - Event
NAFEMS UK Conference 2016 - Telford (UK)
June 21-24 - Event
Applied Reliability Symposium San Diego, CA (USA)


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Search BizReport
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Beyond Marketing
BizReport : Mobile Marketing : April 01, 2011
Nearly half of mobile users shop via their device
The increase in shoppers brandishing mobile devices means retailers can't afford not to have a mobile presence, finds new research by Arc Worldwide, and those that do provide mobile apps and websites must ensure they meet the high expectations of today's on-the-go consumer.
At the end of last year, research from Brand Anywhere and Luth Research found that while over half (51%) of shoppers are more likely to purchase from retailers with mobile websites, only 4.8% of retailers had one.
With the meteoric rise in smartphone ownership, those retailers risk losing mobile phone wielding customers lured to other outlets by mobile websites and apps.
New research from Arc Worldwide, the marketing services arm of ad agency Leo Burnett, found that near on 90% of Americans age 18 - 64 now brandish a mobile phone, and 50% are using them to shop.
Of the 1,800 U.S. mobile shoppers surveyed for the research 80% were found to be "light" mobile shoppers, who use their phones less often than the 20% of "heavy" users that many mobile apps are geared toward. As smartphone penetration increases and the mobile channel becomes more mainstream, the "light" shoppers will be the ones to nurture.
"While heavy mobile shoppers have entirely driven the growth specialized tool for shopping thus far, the growth in the future is going to come from light shoppers who have a very different outlook toward mobile today," says Arc Worldwide's research.
"Engaging them, and as a result, winning in the future, is going to require a very different approach than what may have attracted the current group of heavy mobile shoppers."
The message to marketers is to promote mobile channels as one would promote websites - on signage, in-store, in traditional media and via apps. Those that don't push mobile channels could see customers lured elsewhere.
Furthermore, mobile channels must live up to high consumer expectations. Recent research from Tealeaf revealed the vast majority of consumers (85%) believe mobile transactions should be every bit as reliable and easy as those done via computer.
"It's now absolutely critical to focus on optimizing the mobile user experience," said Mike Brown, vice president of Optimization at VEGAS.com. "To do that, one needs to really grow the realities of your mobile customer experience, as well as have the ability to test and refine it on an ongoing basis."
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DEFINITION of 'Original Face'
The par value of a mortgage-backed security at the time it is issued. Unlike most other types of bonds, mortgage-backed securities return both principal and interest to the holder in periodic payments (usually monthly). Over time, the outstanding principal balance of a mortgage-backed security will be reduced. The original face remains an important and distinguishing piece of information associated with a mortgage-backed security.
BREAKING DOWN 'Original Face'
By definition, a new issue mortgage-backed security will have a pool factor of 1; in other words, the original face will equal the current face. As the principal is paid down, the current face will be less than the original face.
The current face is derived by multiplying the original face by the current pool factor.
Current FaceThe current par value of a mortgage-backed security (MBS). Current ...
Mortgage PoolA group of mortgages held in trust as collateral for the issuance ...
Principal Only Strips - POA type of fixed-income security where the holder is only entitled ...
Weighted Average Coupon - WACThe weighted-average gross interest rates of the pool of mortgages ...
Prepayment RiskThe risk associated with the early unscheduled return of principal ...
Residential Mortgage-Backed Security ...A type of security whose cash flows come from residential debt ...
Financial Advisor
How To Become a Mortgage-Backed Securities AnalystSpecializing in structured or derivative credit products like mortgage-backed securities requires education and prior experience in the mortgage field.
What Does Principal Mean?For banks, principal refers to the amount due on a loan, and is used to calculate interest payments.
Understanding Face ValueFace value is the dollar value stated on a security.
Personal Finance
Understanding Mortgage-Backed SecuritiesFind out the meaning of this popular asset-backed security and its benefits for banks and investors.
ETFs & Mutual Funds
The ABCs of Mortgage-Backed Securities ETFsETFs focused on mortgage-backed securities, or MBS, offer an opportunity to further diversify the fixed-income portion of your portfolio.
What is Par Value?Par value is a term used for investments that means original value. It's also called face value or nominal value.
ETFs & Mutual Funds
3 Mutual Funds to Profit Off Increased Mortgage Rates (PTRIX, FMSFX)Learn why mutual funds that invest in mortgage-backed securities (MBS) are worth a look for investors wanting to capitalize on rising mortgage interest rates.
Explaining Original Issue DiscountAn original issue discount is the amount below par at which a bond or other debt instrument is issued.
What are Fixed-Income Securities?For a fixed-income security, the periodic return on the investment is the same throughout the life of the security. Principal is returned at the time of maturity. The payment can be in the form ...
Brokerage Functions: Underwriting And Agency RolesLearning about these various activities can give insight into how securities are issued and traded.
What are the best ways to invest in mortgage-backed securities (MBS)?Find out how you can start investing in real estate through mortgage-backed securities. Read Answer >>
What is the difference between Series 9/10 and Series 24 qualification exams?Both Series 9/10 and 24 are the exams that must be completed by a principal before he or she can supervise certain sales ... Read Answer >>
What is face value and how is it determined?Face value is determined arbitrarily by issuers and designed to give a reasonable expectation of value to the stock, bond ... Read Answer >>
What are the responsibilities of the principal in a company?Learn to differentiate between some of the many definitions and responsibilities of a "principal" as it relates to business ... Read Answer >>
What is the difference between par value and face value?Learn about the par value and face value of financial securities and what these synonymous terms mean about the value and ... Read Answer >>
What is securitization?Securitization is the process of taking an illiquid asset, or group of assets, and through financial engineering, transforming ... Read Answer >>


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they are signing licenses for free
i'm doubling down on my short
vhc is rmbs, you will see
i called it right, close gap at 41
then straight down to 10 or 11
There is simply no reply to such a statement It Defines the word Absurd. Ignored.
Sentiment: Strong Buy
So is your mothers cooking


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If you have troubles since the update to WordPress 4.5 please read this post before opening a new thread.
Is there a way to rearrange the portfolios that you put up in portfolio items page? For example, if you create pages in WordPress, you can rearrange them by assigning number to them. But I don't see that to be the case in trying to rearrange portfolio items or maybe I over looked at it.
Hi tkyahagi72!
You can use this plugin: https://wordpress.org/plugins/post-types-order/
You can manually order the portfolio items by simply dragging them.
Best regards,
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