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Out of the Storm News
Three reasons proxy access proposals fail
From Agenda
"[This] shows that shareholders are starting to think a little clearer about proxy access even though there is still a lot more work to be done in informing shareholders about the pros and cons of proxy access," says Bernard Sharfman, adjunct professor of business law at George Mason University School of Business, associate fellow at the R Street Institute and an outspoken critic of proxy access.
"It also shows that boards are starting to get on top of the issue," says Sharfman.
"The preemptive implementation of proxy access may simply have been a necessary evil in order to keep other, more harmful corporate governance issues off the table," Sharfman adds.
Flood cover bill makes progress in Congress
From Business Insurance
Ray Lehmann, senior fellow at free-market advocacy group R Street Institute in Washington, which is a member of SmarterSafer, called the bill a "step toward a private market."
He noted that one potential source of opposition has not materialized.
"The lending community is where there would be objections, and the bankers and other groups have not raised any serious concerns," Mr. Lehmann said. "It has support from the Realtors. Most of the organizations that are interested are either neutral or positive."
Arizona flips the narrative, legalizes spacesharing statewide
Did you see the one in which the terrorist organization recruits a kid to destroy a government facility, killing millions of innocent bureaucrats in the process? What about the one with the lonely computer programmer who spends the majority of his life absorbed in a massively multiplayer online roleplaying game? Or the one in which the eccentric billionaire is fearful of an immigrant and willing to do anything to put an end to the situation?
As various online discussions have demonstrated, ranging from Twitter to reddit, a writer's choice of phrasing can dramatically impact a reader's impression of any given topic. For instance, the films Star Wars, The Matrix and Batman vs. Superman (I also would have accepted "the 2016 presidential election"), respectively, would have certainly enjoyed different receptions had the above descriptions been used to promote them, despite the fact that the summaries are technically accurate.
Used correctly, biased phrasing is a powerful tool. Consider Arizona's recent move to intervene, with a bill signed yesterday by Gov. Doug Ducey, after numerous localities sought to prevent Arizonans from listing their properties on services like Airbnb. The measure, which takes effect Jan. 1, 2017, bars localities from banning spacesharing services, but allows them to set other regulatory guidelines and to collect taxes.
Now, if you're a left-leaning blogger, you might choose to get a bit creative with your phrasing in how to characterize this legislation, such that private property owners regaining control over how to best use their property becomes:
Cities and counties are on the verge of losing their authority to keep property owners from renting out their homes for short-term and vacation rentals.
Reframed, it's no longer about property owners regaining some small measure of freedom, but about victimized localities losing their all-important authority to tell those property owners what they can and can't do.
This tactic seems to pop-up a fair amount where opponents of short-term rental services are concerned. It's all about shifting the focus. So if you're writing an op-ed in The New York Times about how Airbnb is "a problem for cities like New York and San Francisco," you might write:
…when you have a limited supply of apartments, and unlimited demand for those apartments, turning some apartments into hotels makes the remaining ones even more expensive.
It's subtle, but the argument hinges on two rather weighty words: "you have." The "you" in this instance refers to the city itself, which is positioned as "having" all housing within its borders, and distributing it as the city sees fit. Again, the focus has shifted away from increased choice in the marketplace – away from property owners' ability to use their property reasonably – and back to the city's vital power to determine how a property owner chooses to rent out his or her property.
Within the same issue of the Times, the deputy director of New York's Citizens Housing and Planning Council has a similar beef with property owners renting out their properties on a short-term basis:
The type of academic and government data that housing researchers typically rely on doesn't exist for this issue… But we know that the rise of informal vacation rentals in high-demand cities has an impact on housing supply, even if we can't quantify it perfectly yet.
While I appreciate the boldness of the argument – I have similarly long-maintained that I am a superhero, even if I can't quantify it perfectly just yet – a less-biased phrasing might have rendered:
Though I have minimal data that supports my statement, it is nonetheless true, as determined by me, on the grounds that any other possibility would really ruin the premise of this op-ed.
A compelling point, to be sure, but not necessarily the ideal basis for prescriptive public policy. In this particular case, the author takes it upon herself to suggest that private property owners should be compelled to take on roommates, rather than renting out spare rooms.
Lackadaisical rhetorical strategies aside, the main problem with ominous claims about the looming Airbnb apocalypse is that they are what the less loquacious among us would call "entirely false."
Consider a study of the San Francisco housing market commissioned by Airbnb. Even after factoring in a healthy dose of skepticism, given the report's sponsor, the data surely trumps vague gut feelings based on a confessed absence of any supportive data whatsoever.
The report, released last year, found that "a housing unit would need to be rented more than 211 nights annually on a short-term basis in order to out-compete a long-term rental." How many units meet that criteria in San Francisco, a city that is supposed to be among the hardest hit by short-term rentals? 0.09 percent, or less than one-tenth of 1 percent. Moreover, the report found that "from 2005 to 2013 the number of vacant units in San Francisco has remained essentially unchanged," a trend that flies in the face of those who forewarn Airbnb-created housing scarcity.
To its great credit, these facts are not lost on Arizona. In part due to Gov. Ducey's stated commitment to make the state a welcoming home to innovative, consumer-friendly services like Uber, Lyft, Airbnb and HomeAway, Arizona has been a great example for the rest of the country on issues related to "disruptive technologies." The state's three largest cities received some of the highest scores in the nation both on R Street's annual Ridescore report and its Roomscore report – studies that look at the friendliness of regulatory frameworks governing for-hire transportation and short-term rentals, respectively.
With Ducey's signing of SB 1350, Arizona deserves credit for shutting out the disingenuous cries of falling skies and sensibly demonstrating to the rest of the country that the relationship between state and local governments and cutting-edge startups does not have to be combative. Indeed, rare though it may be, it's entirely possible to shut out the misinformation and put citizens first.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
36 groups to Energy and Commerce Committee: Hold hearing on the Renewable Fuel Standard
Dear Chairman Upton and Ranking Member Pallone:
The undersigned organizations encourage you, as soon as possible, to hold a Committee hearing on the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). We believe the RFS is in critical need of immediate attention, and your Committee, as the committee of jurisdiction, is the best venue in which to examine this flawed statute's numerous failures and to consider legislative solutions.
Due to widespread public concerns with the serious unintended consequences of the RFS mandate, there is growing bipartisan interest among lawmakers in exploring how to fix this broken statute. Indeed, nearly 120 Members have cosponsored legislation in the House of Representatives to either repeal the RFS outright or to reform it significantly, and last year 189 Members sent a letter to EPA requesting a waiver from the statutory volumes.
The growing interest in the RFS is also evidenced by the fact that, between the House and Senate, there have been seven hearings on the law since 2014, six of which were held in committees which do not have jurisdiction over the RFS. These hearings have aired significant concerns with the RFS, from problems with the manner in which the statute has been administered, to the unintended consequences for food costs, conservation, greenhouse gas emissions, consumer engines, fuel costs and competitive markets. Moreover, the RFS' costs are borne not only domestically, but also globally.
The Energy and Commerce Committee has already undertaken a substantive review of the program through its white papers and hearings in 2013. However, there have been significant events in the past three years, including EPA action to propose and withdraw rules in 2014, EPA's decision last year to waive the RFS, and EPA's indication that it plans to increase the volumes in the future. In addition, EPA activity on approving pathways, ongoing fraud in the Renewable Identification Number market, and issues related to post-2022 volumes deserve Congressional attention.
An Energy & Commerce Committee hearing on the RFS in the near future would be timely and welcomed by this broad group of stakeholders. We look forward to working with you on this matter in the coming weeks. Thank you for your consideration.
ActionAid USA
American Bakers Association
American Frozen Food Institute
American Highway Users Alliance
American Motorcyclist Association
American Sportfishing Association
Association of Kentucky Fried Chicken Franchisees
California Dairy Campaign
Clean Air Task Force
Council for Citizens Against Government Waste
Franchise Management Advisory Council
Georgia Poultry Federation
Idaho Dairymen's Association
International Dairy Foods Association
Marine Retailers Association of the Americas
Milk Producers Council
National Association of Egg Farmers
National Chicken Council
National Council of Chain Restaurants
National Grocers Association
National Marine Manufacturers Association
National Restaurant Association
National Taxpayers Union
National Turkey Federation
North American Meat Institute
Oregon Dairy Farmers Association
Pennsylvania Food Merchants Association
R Street Institute
SNAC International
South East Dairy Farmers Association
Southeastern Meat Association
Southeast Milk, Inc.
Specialty Equipment Market Association
Taxpayers for Common Sense
Western United Dairymen
Iowa, Alabama pass ridesharing bills; could Pennsylvania be next?
It's been a busy week and a half on the ridesharing front, as legislation setting out statewide rules for transportation network companies moved forward in Iowa and Alabama, while Pennsylvania's version of legislation is now on the final leg of its trip through the Legislature.
Earlier this week, Iowa Gov. Terry Branstad signed H.F. 2414 into law (the measure goes into effect Jan. 1, 2017). The bill standardizes the definition of transportation network companies like Uber and Lyft and requires such firms to perform background checks on potential drivers. It also proscribes localities from imposing more restrictive terms on driver licensing.
The measure sets out minimum insurance requirements that include liability coverage of at least $1 million for the period from when a driver and potential passenger are matched until he or she is dropped off. During periods when a driver is logged in to the ridesharing app, but not matched with a rider, the law sets minimum coverage requirements of $50,000 per person and $100,000 per accident for death or bodily injury and $25,000 for physical damage. Coverage may be maintained either by the TNC, the driver or a combination thereof.
The final bill did not include a provision sought by lenders, and mulled in some earlier versions of the legislation, which would have required TNCs to ensure drivers with liens on their vehicles also maintain comprehensive and collision coverage.
Although not yet signed by Gov. Robert Bentley (who is perhaps facing bigger issues of his own these days), ridesharing legislation also cleared both chambers of the Alabama Legislature May 4. The bill, S.B. 262, focuses solely on insurance coverage matters. It doesn't establish a statewide regulator, impose regulatory fees or include any language requiring background checks.
The bill does require TNCs or their drivers to maintain $1 million of liability coverage while engaged in a ride and, like the Iowa bill, requires that drivers must have coverage of $50,000 per-person, $100,000 per-accident and $25,000 for physical damage during any period when they are logged in to the ridesharing app, but not yet matched with a rider. The law will go into effect three months after Bentley signs it, presuming that he does.
Finally, there was a bit of movement in the long-stalled effort to pass statewide ridesharing legislation in Pennsylvania, a topic we've covered in this space before. The Commonwealth Senate passed a bill last November, but it has remained hung up in the House, largely over the question of whether and the extent to which state authorities will be permitted to pre-empt regulation by the Philadelphia Parking Authority, which has effectively banned ridesharing.
However, a compromise version of S.B. 984 passed the House Consumer Affairs Committee May 4 in a 23 to 2 vote. The final bill sets standards for ridesharing in most of the state under the regulatory authority of the Public Utility Commission, whose existing agreements with Uber and Lyft were validated late last month in a Commonwealth Court decision that struck down a legal challenge from taxi companies. The measure sets the usual background check and insurance requirements, as well as rules about the age of vehicles, a minimum age for drivers (21) and requirements to accommodate drivers with disabilities.
It also explicitly legalizes ridesharing in Philadelphia. However, the Parking Authority would retain its regulatory authority and the services would be banned from picking up and dropping off at locations with established cabstands, such as Philadelphia International Airport and 30th Street Station.
All in all, not an ideal piece of legislation, but still a major step forward for the City of Brotherly Love, which received the lowest overall score in R Street's 2015 Ridescore report card.
Also, be sure to check out our map of state-by-state ridesharing legislation here.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
Citizens' anger is palpable, global, often misdirected
An awesome 6.7 percent of Iceland's resident population took to the streets last month to demand the resignation of their prime minister. The rallying cause was his perceived duplicity regarding offshore investments in banking tax havens, as revealed by the "Panama Papers."
More than a little bit of this anger is no doubt driven by the fact that perceived tax avoidance was discovered while the nation is still recovering from a serious fiscal and financial crisis that was tied to the global financial meltdown of 2008. The savings of 50,000 Icelanders disappeared and 25 percent of the nation's homeowners fell into mortgage default.
Prime Minister Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson came to power on a wave of anti-bank sentiment and was widely credited for leading an unbelievable success story in Iceland. The country after letting its three big banks fail, imposing strict capital controls, sending bankers to jail and essentially concentrating its government on social programs. People no doubt felt betrayed when the media reported that Gunnlaugsson had hid millions while the country was collapsing. By introducing a 39 percent tax on creditors of the country's failed banks and basically guaranteeing deposits of his Icelanders (but not the foreigners who invested in their risky offerings) he could have been a hero at least to his countrymen and women. Instead, he was forced to resign last month over his perceived undisclosed personal gain after he had led the fight for transparency.
Just to put this protest into perspective, if the same percentage of Americans had gone out to protest some malfeasance – or even just to celebrate the 4/20 "holiday" a couple of weeks ago, perhaps at the prospect of Canada legalizing recreational drugs – that would be 21 million people. That is roughly the entire combined population of Nevada, New Mexico, Nebraska, West Virginia, Idaho, Hawaii, Alaska, Maine, Vermont, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Montana, Delaware, both of the Dakotas, Alaska and Wyoming.
We know other people are mad out there. Widespread public disaffection with those in charge has been pretty much a constant theme in American politics, especially in the presidential sweepstakes, but there also are signs of global discontent.
As I write this, Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff has been suspended from office, as the Brazilian Senate voted 55-22 to put her on trial for breaking budget laws and a corruption scandal. One byproduct of this mess is that Brazil has just sacked its sports minister, who was overseeing preparation for the 2016 Summer Olympics, along with every other minister except the central bank governor. The government will now be led by Vice President Michel Temer, who promises an austerity program, including reform of the unaffordable pension program.
But people don't seem to be mad about costly pension systems, even though so many jurisdictions around the world that are in fiscal trouble can trace those difficulties to paying public employees greater benefits than the taxpayers themselves are earning. Citizens are clearly mad about "government spending," according to the polls, but this is apparently spending only on other people they don't care about.
Puerto Rico is the latest case for public mood regarding reform efforts to fix unsustainable fiscal conditions. As recently as 1998, former Gov. Pedro Rosselló, a dentist and University of Notre Dame graduate with a masters' degree in public health, was president of the Council of State Governments and simultaneously chair of the Democratic Governors Association and Southern Governors Association. The much-admired governor had proposed an economic model which reduced working families' income tax rates by 30 percent, while unemployment had been slashed to its lowest level in two decades. The explosive crime rate had been reduced as well. He was the last two-term governor of Puerto Rico.
Luis Fortuño, who came to politics during the Rosselló administration as executive director of the Puerto Rico Tourism Co., teamed up with Rosselló in 2004 to be elected Resident Commissioner and then ran against him in 2008 and was elected governor. A graduate of Georgetown University and the University of Virginia Law School, his background in government had been all about economic development.
As a candidate, Fortuño swore he would not lay off a single government employee, but once elected, he quickly noted that extraordinary measures to confront the $3.2 billion deficit might require the sacrifice of nearly 30,000 government workers. Since the government employs more than a quarter of the workforce, this was to be expected in any kind of fiscal reform. Two months after he was sworn in, Fortuño announced a fiscal and economic recovery plan that included reducing the government's annual expenditures by more than $2 billion. Workers took to the streets, but Fortuño stuck to the plan.
The cost-containment and revenue-generation measures resulted in a $2 billion structural deficit the first year, which fell to $1 billion the next, $610 million in fiscal year 2011-12 and $332.7 million in 2012-13. Fortuño set out a goal of achieving a structurally balanced budget during the first year of the governor who succeeded him.
But the debt remains. In fact, more debt than any state except California and New York. Heroic attempts to manage the island's public finances are generally still winning approval and honors from people who care about government, (Fortuño was also president of the Council of State Governments) but mostly opprobrium from the citizens. Current Gov. Alejandro Padilla Garcia, who came to office with a plan to cut another $1 billion of public spending, has a 12 percent popularity rating and announced six months ago that he is not running for re-election. The commonwealth is reportedly dead-ass broke, and can't pay $2 billion in debt payments due next month.
Puerto Rico doubled its debt in 10 years by selling more than $126 billion in bonds, first to cover budget deficits and then to pay for operating expenses. A 2006 sales tax was enacted to stabilize the local economy because multigenerational "bootstraps" tax breaks had been phased out over a decade. Since that time, the Puerto Rican economy has shrunk every year but one, and the poverty rate is double the poorest U.S. state.
David Walker, the former U.S. comptroller-general, suggests we got to this crisis situation via "the politics of avoidance." He was, of course, referring to the shopworn metaphor of "kicking the can down the road," but public officials seem fixated on avoiding public wrath.
Last month, I had a chance to visit with the two top state legislative leaders – the Senate president and House speaker – in a state which had held its primary the weekend before. This was a caucus state, the form of primary that supposedly allows political parties the greatest control over the process. Both leaders were surprised by the result, and both said it's hard to advise their members how to vote and how to run for election this year. These are both longtime lawmakers who meet with constituents every day to ascertain what mainstream citizens expect from government.
The constituents care about sustainability as practiced by Wal-Mart or ExxonMobil, but not necessarily as attempted by government. Unfortunately, their anger is not always directed at the breach of promises to fix the state, city, commonwealth or country so that it will last a while longer, but it surfaces regularly at any suggestion to curtail continued benefits.
Most people – with certain tea party members as exceptions – don't seem to be mad at government in general, but furious at those who hold levers of power, particularly when they sense hypocrisy or not delivering on promises to make things better. Even if the objects of this disaffection have strong records of achievement in some areas, it's all about figuring out what the constituents really care deeply about. Which, it should be noted, is not always well-managed government.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
R Street encouraged by legal challenge to FDA deeming rules
WASHINGTON (May 12, 2016) – The R Street Institute is encouraged by news that Nicopure Labs LLC, a Tampa-based manufacturer of nicotine e-liquids and vaping devices, has filed federal suit challenging the Food and Drug Administration's deeming rules for e-cigarettes.
The suit, filed in U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, charges the FDA with violating the Administrative Procedure Act by promulgating rules in an arbitrary and capricious fashion and without a rational basis to protect public health; that the agency applied faulty benefit-cost analysis; and that the rules interpret the term "tobacco products" in ways that are plainly inconsistent with the Tobacco Control Act of 2009. The company also charges that the deeming rule violates its First Amendment rights.
The following statement can be attributed to Dr. Joel L. Nitzkin, R Street's senior fellow in tobacco policy and former co-chair of the Tobacco Control Task Force of the American Association of Public Health Physicians:
As a physician who has dedicated his career to the protection of public health, I applaud Nicopure for challenging the recently announced deeming regulations for e-cigarettes and other tobacco-related products. As I see it, Nicopure is correct in each of their allegations.
Those within the public health community who have enthusiastically supported both the text of the FDA Tobacco Law and the deeming regulations – a group that includes leadership of the FDA and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; the Cancer, Heart and Lung Associations; Tobacco Free Kids; and so-called academic 'experts' – should take a close look at the allegations. The public health community must develop a set of amendments to the FDA Tobacco Law that bring both the law and regulations in line with policies that help, rather than damage, both the public health and the credibility of these major public health stakeholders.
A bitter fight and predictable loss in court could do considerable damage to our collective ability to provide health-related guidance to the public and to secure public participation in steps needed to protect us from Zika virus, contaminated water supplies and other public health emergencies.
Does America need more political dynamism?
We have all heard the railings of the presidential aspirants about the federal government: that it's corrupt; that it's rigged by the malevolent establishment against the common man; that the economy is faltering because elites and their cronies are hoarding the wealth.
To solve these problems, office-seekers peddle beguiling simplistic solutions like getting big money out of politics, evicting special interests from the temple and returning government to the people. Inspiring as these notions may be, Lee Drutman counsels that we should move beyond such "impractical utopianism" to solutions that accept the "fundamental realities of politics."
Saying such a thing aloud make Drutman, a senior fellow at New America, a bit of a skunk at the liberal reform party. To be clear, Drutman is very concerned about the corruption of politics by money—he's the author of a serious book on lobbying. But he wants solutions that embrace the messy realities of politics and governance:
Too often, reform visions treat politicians and organized groups (aka, 'special interests') as irredeemably venal and corrupt while simultaneously viewing governance as something perfectible and politics as something solvable — if only it could be taken away from the politicians and the special interests. The vision usually amounts to constraining political behavior through tight rules, or by circumventing politicians and organized groups entirely through some pure form of direct democracy and common sense wisdom.
In other words, it's normal for people to be motivated by parochial and self-serving desires and reasonable people who share the same goal can disagree completely on how to achieve it.
So what's the solution? More "political dynamism," says Drutman in a white paper of that same name. Political dysfunction is driving public dissatisfaction. People are annoyed that government can't get stuff done. Drutman proposes a slate of reforms that aim to make politics, and Congress in particular, more "fluid and competitive" and for a system that:
[L]everages diversity and creates opportunity for experimentation and change; [one that] expands the combinatorial possibilities of political innovation and deal-making…[and] helps citizens aggregate and realize their interests in the most efficacious ways, rather than simultaneously expecting them to super-engaged and expert while giving them few meaningful choices.
Toward these ends, Drutman advocates policies to:
- Diversify the pool of candidates for office by empowering smaller campaign donors and switching America to multimember districts;
- Strengthen public interest pressure on Congress by fostering general-interest lobbying groups;
- Make Congress less dependent on K Street by increasing the number of legislative branch staff; and
- Decentralize power in Congress by re-empowering committees as the source for new policy and reforms.
Much of Drutman's white paper lays out the arguments for these various proposals. And I should add, he and I are collaborating on a project to strengthen the legislative branch. I will leave it to others to ponder Drutman's various reforms, and instead will debate my friend on the nature of the problem. Does American national politics need more dynamism?
I'm not so sure. I have not seen evidence that the annual crop of candidates for public office are too few or too conventional in their ideas. But I might simply have missed some research on this topic that proves otherwise.
Part of political dynamism, I would posit, is governance dynamism. That means moving ideas to action, which means contending with problems and allocating government resources to productive ends. Governance dynamism can occur in either the executive branch or the legislative branch—or even elsewhere (see the Federal Reserve's extraordinary actions in recent years).
So how do Americans feel about the efforts of the national legislature and the executive branch? Do they think it's a dynamic force that gets things done and does so efficiently? No. The public's approval rate for Congress and the bureaucracy are at historic lows. The public dislikes seeing so much partisanship and bickering while basic problems (the immigration system, the federal deficit, etc.) go unresolved. People want their government to get stuff done and what they see on the news and the Internet is, as Paul Ryan once put it, chaos. They believe government and politicians waste money sort of senseless, politically driven programs, as depicted in Jonathan Rauch's classic and still germane "Demosclerosis."
Presidents frequently take unilateral action. Sometimes their efforts, like President Barack Obama's executive action on immigration, get tied up in court. But that is the exception to the rule. The president's current ho-hum approval ratings are much higher than Congress' and a bit higher than the executive branch bureaucracy's, both suggesting the public desires action, not paralysis.
Which brings us to the matter of Congress. Public perceptions aside, is our legislature, in fact, a stolid governance body? Well, yes and no. In short, the House is very dynamic; the Senate…not so much.
The House of Representatives is a veritable cauldron of reform ideas, whether it is regulatory budgeting, budget process reform, reforming the federal civil service or abolishing Obamacare. Some of these bills are messaging bills that the House knows will never become law; others are Post Office naming bills and other feel-good non-policy. However, much lower chamber legislation is real policy designed to address real problems. Since January 2014, 5,100 House bills have been introduced (not counting postal-naming bills and resolutions). More than 400 of these bills have passed the House. Only 80 became law. Table 1 shows is that the Senate is the great choke-point for legislation. The Senate moved only one-fifth of the House bills it received.
Table 1: U.S. House bills, Jan. 1, 2014 to May 1, 2016Introduced 5,123 Passed by House 431 Passed by Senate 88 Signed by president 80
Source: Congress.gov. Data exclude House resolutions and post office naming bills.
Senators, meanwhile have introduced 2,883 bills during the current Congress, about 56 percent of the House total. The chamber has passed 120 of these bills, or a little more than a quarter. While making laws is not a good metric of general congressional productivity, it is a solid measure of the legislature's ability to make new policies and abolish old and failed ones.
That the Senate is a dilatory body is not news. Its short legislative schedule and hoary chamber rules make for plodding policymaking, and empower any senator to hinder action (e.g., wanton amending and holds). This modus operandi may be traditional, but in the 21st century, it is incongruous and self-defeating, as Christopher Demuth has explained. The Senate needs to think seriously about ways to improve its workings, both to appease a very dissatisfied government and to stop the executive branch from running circles around it.
Lee Drutman may be right—more political dynamism may be what we need. But unless it is accompanied by much more governance dynamism, particularly by the First Branch of government, our discontent won't abate.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
Uber approves first non-union drivers group in NY compromise
From Christian Science Monitor
"This is important not only for the gig economy, but because you might have a new kind of labor organization coming out of this," Eli Lehrer, the president of libertarian think tank the R Street Institute, told The Washington Post.
Make Austin Uber-less!
From The Advice Goddess
As R Street Institute's Josiah Neeley has explained, Austin doesn't prohibit taxi driver applicants who have been convicted of "a criminal homicide offense; fraud or theft; unauthorized use of a motor vehicle; prostitution or promotion of prostitution; sexual assault; sexual abuse or indecency; state or federal law regulating firearms; violence to a person; use, sale or possession of drugs; or driving while intoxicated" to work as taxi drivers provided that they have "maintained a record of good conduct and steady employment since release."
Uber and Lyft leave Austin over fingerprint requirement
From Cato
As R Street Institute's Josiah Neeley has explained, Austin doesn't prohibit taxi driver applicants who have been convicted of "a criminal homicide offense; fraud or theft; unauthorized use of a motor vehicle; prostitution or promotion of prostitution; sexual assault; sexual abuse or indecency; state or federal law regulating firearms; violence to a person; use, sale or possession of drugs; or driving while intoxicated" to work as taxi drivers provided that they have "maintained a record of good conduct and steady employment since release."
Austin may move to deregulate taxis
It's been a busy week for vehicles-for-hire in Austin. This past weekend, the city's voters rejected a proposal that would've blocked new restrictions on ridesharing passed by the City Council late last year.
In response, the two main ridesharing companies (Uber and Lyft) announced they would no longer operate in the city. Multiple state legislators have also announced plans to pre-empt local regulation of the industry during the 2017 legislative session.
But even as Austin is ratcheting up regulation on ridesharing companies, it's also looking at decreasing regulation on traditional taxis:
Austin's taxi industry should be deregulated to level the playing field with ride-hailing firms like Uber and Lyft, the director of the Austin Transportation Department told City Council in a memo sent Wednesday…
Under the proposal outlined in the memo, the city would still oversee the industry and continue to require background checks and licensing for drivers, regardless of the type of service. But the city would end its cab franchise agreements have taxi companies obtain an "operating authority" from the city, just as ride-hailing companies do.
The changes would likely remove limits on the number of cabs that can operate in the city, which currently sits at just over 900, and on the number of cab operators.
While the timing of this proposal is a bit curious, Austin's taxi market is in need of some good deregulation. Existing regulations not only limit the number of cabs in the city, but effectively limit the number of cab companies that can operate. A majority of taxi medallions are held by a single company.
Drivers also don't fare well under this system. A 2010 report found the average Austin taxi driver made $200 a week before taxes, working 12 hours a day with no benefits or job security. And while the new regulations on ridesharing are deeply problematic, there's no reason the city shouldn't reduce regulation on taxis as well.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
Capping premium subsidies won't kill crop insurance
The federal crop insurance program, administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Risk Management Agency (RMA), serves as the largest single source of federal support for farms nationwide. Created during the Great Depression as a safety net to protect farmers from extreme loss due to market volatility and natural disasters, the program has been augmented several times via legislation, particularly the establishment of the RMA in the 1990s.
The program again expanded dramatically with passage of the Agriculture Act of 2014, as policymakers sought to replace the politically unpopular direct-payment system with what they anticipated would be a more market-friendly risk-management approach. In the past few decades, federally supported crop insurance has evolved into a massive, ever-expanding program that now covers about 130 crops and nearly 300 million acres of land. The USDA subsidizes an average of 62 percent of participating agricultural producers' crop-insurance premiums, regardless of the size of their operations. With no reasonable controls on the program's growth, farmers are encouraged to buy more insurance than they need, while taxpayers are forced to bear much of the risk. The majority of federal support flows to major agribusinesses, rather than small farms struggling to stay afloat.
In an attempt to rein in the ballooning federal program and eliminate its tendency toward cronyism, reformers in recent years have proposed enacting payment limits that would cap the amount any individual farmer could receive in annual premium subsidies. For example, a measure proposed by Reps. Ron Kind, D-Wis., and Tom Petri, R-Wis., during the last farm-bill negotiations would have capped payments at $50,000 and mandated means-testing for premium support, such that farms netting more than $250,000 could not receive any subsidies. This amendment failed by a narrow margin, but the reaction from the farm lobby and politicians with agricultural constituencies was typical. Any attempt to limit premium subsidies—no matter how modest—tends to be met with vigorous opposition from farm-subsidy supporters, who claim without evidence that such caps would devastate U.S. agricultural production.
To date, there has been little data-based evidence to quantify how many farms would be affected by premium-subsidy caps and how significantly their revenues would decline. R Street Institute Associate Fellow Vince Smith provided answers to these important questions in a recent policy study.2 Using a data-based simulation, Smith determined how various premium-cap proposals would affect farms across a dozen geographically diverse states and the extent to which affected farms would see a substantial reduction in their gross income from crop operations.
Fortunately for reform-minded congressmen, the answer is clear: a modest cap on crop-insurance-premium supports would not translate to devastating income loss for farms, nor would it destroy U.S. crop production. It would, however, place a meaningful check on the program's growth, reduce taxpayer liabilities and ensure that federal funds aren't used to boost the incomes of wealthy agribusinesses
Study shows people still love inappropriately referencing Nazis online
From NPR
Mike Godwin first noticed the phenomenon in the 1980s: People on a message forum called Usenet really, really liked referencing Hitler. In 1994, in an essay for Wiredmagazine, he coined Godwin's Law: "As an online discussion grows longer, the probability of a comparison involving Nazis or Hitler approaches one."
A new study shows that the so-called law is, in fact, backed up by evidence. A data analyst who blogs under the name CuriousGnu has analyzed 4.6 million reddit comments to find that 78 percent of conversations that reach 1,000 or more comments mention Nazis or Hitler.
"I liked [CuriousGnu's] statistical approach," Godwin, director of innovation policy and general counsel for the R Street Institute, tells NPR. "I wish I'd thought of that."
Uber recognizes first drivers association in New York City
From Washington Post
Eli Lehrer, president of the R Street Institute, a libertarian think tank based in Washington that is an enthusiastic supporter of the sharing economy, also welcomed the announcement.
"This is important not only for the gig economy, but because you might have a new kind of labor organization coming out of this," Lehrer said. He said elements of the new drivers guild, such as offering drivers limited representation without compelling them to join the organization or pay dues, might become more widespread as more companies turn to contractors and ventures such as Uber expand their hold on the economy. "This to me is pretty exciting."
Pennsylvania's bad beer regulation system lives on
Eight years down the road, supermarket beer sales are changing the entire alcohol beverage sales category in Pennsylvania, and not for the better. Given our state's comically byzantine alcohol laws, Pennsylvanians remain pathetically happy that some of us are now allowed to buy beer in supermarkets. If it seems remarkable that this has only happened some 70-odd years after Prohibition was repealed, a brief explanation of how beer is sold in Pennsylvania will only deepen your amazement. Here goes.
Since repeal, container beer sales have been allowed only at licensed beer stores and taverns. You may only purchase by the case or keg at the stores, and the cases must be as packed by the brewery; no mix-and-match allowed. You may only buy up to a 12-pack at taverns (bars, licensed delis and restaurants) and then, literally, if you step out the door and step back in, you may buy another. To add to the confusion, the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board (PLCB) arbitrarily decided last year that a "case" is now defined as a 12-pack, despite clearly contrary language in the actual law.
There are further restrictions. The stores may only sell beer, soft drinks, a range of snacks limited by law, glassware, tobacco and lottery tickets. Taverns must also sell beer by the drink and food, and offer at least 30 seats for customers. There are even more details, like draft to-go sales; no licensees allowed to sell auto fuels; and the numerous other varieties of license, but we'll put those aside.
About 10 years ago, some supermarkets realized that, if they bought a tavern license, they should be able to sell beer to-go. After the PLCB did some fiddling with the requirements – beer sales at separate registers in an area set off from the store, and a café with seating for 30 people (a court ruling later confirmed that the supermarkets must also sell beer by the glass if they sell it to go, a frankly amazing insistence given that taverns are not required to sell beer to go) – they said it was within the regulations. This was immediately challenged by the Malt Beverage Distributors Association, who rightly saw this as a threat to their hold on beer sales, but the Pennsylvania Supreme Court affirmed the ruling.
That sounds like progress – halting, twisted progress, but progress nonetheless. Except that such sales were already taking place in dozens of delicatessens; the rules pretty much excluded smaller grocery stores because of the café requirement; and the new cafés mostly sit as empty, wasted retail space. Not every supermarket has decided to make the substantial investment a license requires: sometimes as much as $200,000 just for the paper, plus whatever the café and separate register area cost in build-out and labor. Others have been stymied by local zoning or municipal board opposition. Eight years on, not one of the 10 grocery stores within 3 miles of my home offers beer; very few stores in the major population centers of Philadelphia or Pittsburgh sell beer, except on the suburban fringe.
What's even worse is how this ruling affects general sales of alcohol in the state. Tavern licenses are limited by a population-based quota system; one license per 3,000 people in a county. The licenses are transferable within a county, for sale by the current owner at whatever the market will bear.
Therefore, every license bought by a supermarket makes licenses for actual taverns more scarce, and thus, more expensive. There are unintended consequences. Small corner bars, often family-owned, find the price irresistible and sell out. Chain restaurants tend to buy up the licenses, given their deeper pockets, leaving fewer opportunities for independent local businesses. Independent operators that do buy are often tempted to oversell and overserve, to create risky promotions and become public nuisances; or they head in the other direction and become more exclusive, high-end operations. The familiar American institution, the egalitarian watering hole where all are welcome, is disappearing in Pennsylvania.
Small grocery stores, or large ones that either can't get or can't afford a tavern license, are effectively shut out of the beer market, making them less attractive to shoppers looking for a one-stop experience. And of course, the traditional beer stores and taverns, many of which have made tremendous efforts to work within the system and build the fantastic craft beer scene Pennsylvania enjoys, are losing business rapidly from the increasingly intense competition from the supermarkets.
An equitable solution is needed, not more arbitrary tinkering by the PLCB, a three-person commission of political appointees who rarely, if ever, have any experience in beverage alcohol sales. The Pennsylvania Legislature has repeatedly declined to consider effective changes in state liquor law – ranging from a new supermarket license to a desperately needed modernization of the entire liquor code – most likely because of the strong political clout of the taverns and the beer industry, who are aided by partisans of the state-owned wine and spirits monopoly. All of these interest groups have an interest in keeping things static as much as possible.
The infuriating thing about all of this is that in no case, not one, has the PLCB, the courts or the Legislature considered the desires of citizens. What we want is simple: what the residents of other states can do – go to a store and come home with groceries, including whatever amount of beverage alcohol we want to purchase, from a bottle for that night's dinner to a full carload for a family graduation party. No one in Harrisburg is offering any plan to achieve that. Instead, we get one convoluted compromise after another, and we continue to wait on the full fruits of Repeal, over 80 years later.
Guest blogger Lew Bryson is the author of "Tasting Whiskey," published in 2014, and four books on the breweries of Pennsylvania, New York, Virginia, Maryland and Delaware.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
Free-market groups to Energy and Commerce Committee: Move quickly to pass HR 2058
Dear Chairman Upton, Ranking Member Pallone and Members of the Energy and Commerce Committee,
On behalf of the undersigned, we urge you to move quickly to pass legislation (H.R. 2058) that would move the "grandfather" date for Food and Drug Administration regulation of nicotine-delivery products from Feb. 15, 2007, to the date when the new rules take effect. If Congress fails to change the date, many products – including e-cigarettes and other vapor devices already being sold and used by consumers – will be required to pass a tremendously onerous and expensive authorization process in order to stay on the market. Now that the FDA has released its deeming regulations, which will be made final Aug. 8, 2016, time is of the essence to act to ensure that smokers can continue to have access to potentially lifesaving tobacco alternatives.
The FDA claims its regulations will reduce tobacco's public-health burden by decreasing rates of tobacco-related deaths and illnesses. In fact, the opposite is true. Medical experts have estimated that e-cigarettes are at least 95 percent less harmful than traditional tobacco cigarettes. E-cigarettes and similar products are helping millions of smokers make the switch to products that, while not perfectly safe, present only a tiny fraction of the risk of death and disease posed by tobacco cigarettes. A report by the United Kingdom's Royal College of Physicians concluded that encouraging smokers to switch to e-cigarettes would be likely to generate significant health gains and prevent almost all the societal harms from smoking. The FDA's regulatory approach privileges the deadliest forms of tobacco and erects costly barriers that may wipe out consumer access to less harmful alternatives. Without the change, the FDA's proposed rules won't reduce smoking; they will increase it. We'll also likely see a "vapor underground" for these products that will further deteriorate consumer safety.
To be clear, vapor products and e-cigarettes will be subject to the current regulations even if the deeming date is moved. The only change would be the approval process each product undergoes in order to stay on the regulated market. The FDA's final rule contains measures aimed at restricting youth access and attempting to increase consumer safety, including age restrictions, photo-identification requirements, labeling mandates and ingredient disclosures. The FDA can still put these regulations into place without forcing e-cigarettes to comply with the arbitrary February 2007 deeming date.
Even though moving the date is not a long-term solution, it will preserve the current marketplace while the FDA develops a better regulatory scheme. The truth is that any cutoff date will favor existing product developers over future innovators.
There's a better, more commonsense way to regulate emerging smoking cessation technologies rather than using the same onerous and outdated restrictions applied to much more dangerous traditional tobacco products. We make progress in America when innovators give consumers better choices; not when government takes those options away.
R Street Institute
Americans for Tax Reform
Campaign for Liberty
Competitive Enterprise Institute
Council for Citizens Against Government Waste
Heartland Institute
Jeffersonian Project
Less Government
Log Cabin Republicans
National Taxpayers Union
Taxpayers Protection Alliance
Puerto Rico: A big default—what next?
Rexford Tugwell, sometimes known as "Rex the Red" for his admiration of the 1930s Soviet Union and his fervent belief in central planning, was made governor of Puerto Rico by President Franklin Roosevelt in 1941. Among the results of his theories was the Government Development Bank of Puerto Rico, a bank designed as "an arm of the state," which is a central element in the complicated inner workings of the Puerto Rican government's massive insolvency.
The bank has just defaulted on $367 million of bonds – the first, but unless there is congressional action, not the last, massive default by the Puerto Rican government and its agencies on their debt. The Government Development Bank was judged insolvent in an examination last year, but the finding was kept secret. The governor of Puerto Rico has declared a "moratorium" on the bank's debt, which means a default. A broke New York City in 1975 also defaulted and called it a "moratorium."
Adding together the Puerto Rican government's explicit debt of about $71 billion and its unfunded pension liabilities of about $44 billion amounts to $115 billion. This is six times the $18 billion in bonds and pension debt of the City of Detroit, which holds the high honor of being the largest municipal bankruptcy ever.
Puerto Rico's government-centric political economy goes back to Rex the Red, but its budget problems are also long-standing. In this century, the government has run a deficit every year, borrowed to pay current expenses, and then borrowed more to service previous debt until the lenders belatedly ceased lending and the music stopped. Its debt and its real gross domestic product definitively parted company in 2001 and have grown continuously further apart, as shown Graph 1.
As its debt skyrocketed, the credit ratings of its bonds fell and then crashed. See Graph 2.
Where do we go from here? Addressing the deep, complicated, and contentious problems requires three steps:
- The creation of an emergency financial control board to assume oversight and control of the financial operations of the government of Puerto Rico, which has displayed incompetence in fiscal management (or mismanagement), is a central aspect of the solution. This control board can be modeled on those successfully employed to address the insolvencies and financial mismanagement in the District of Columbia in the 1990s, in New York City in the 1970s and in numerous other places. More recently, the City of Detroit got an emergency manager along the same lines.
Such a board would be and must be quite powerful. The sine qua non for financial reform is to establish independent, credible authority over all books and records; to determine the true extent of the insolvency of the many indebted government entities—in particular to get on top of the real condition of the Government Development Bank; and to develop fiscal, accounting, control and structural reforms which will lead to future balanced budgets and control of the level of debt.
Needed reforms cited by Puerto Rican economist Sergio Marxuach in congressional testimony include:
[I]ncrease tax revenues by improving enforcement efforts, closing down ineffective tax loopholes, and modernizing its property tax system; crackdown on government corruption; significantly improve its Byzantine and unduly opaque financial reporting; reform an unnecessarily complicated permitting and licensing system that stifles innovation; … lower energy and other costs of doing business.
That's a good list of projects.
Does all this take power and responsibility away from the Puerto Rican government? Of course it does – it needs to and it can be done. Under the Constitution, Congress has complete jurisdiction over territories like Puerto Rico. Just as in Washington and New York City, when the problems are straightened out, financial management will revert to the normal local government.
- Pollock's Law of Finance states that "Loans which cannot be repaid, will not be repaid." Naturally, this law applies to the $115 billion owed by the Puerto Rican government, which is on its way to some form of restructuring and reorganization of debts. It seems clear that this should be done in a controlled, orderly and equitable process, which takes into account the various levels of seniority and standing among the many different classes of creditors.
The pending House bill puts the proposed oversight board in the middle of the analysis and negotiations of competing claims. If the reorganization cannot be voluntarily agreed upon, the process can move to the federal court, where the plan of reorganization would come from the oversight board.
Three objections have been made to this approach. One that has been advertised heavily claims that it is a "bailout." Since no taxpayer money is planned to go to creditors, this is simply wrong and ridiculous. Bondholders taking losses is the opposite of a bailout.
A second is that bondholders may be disadvantaged versus pension claims, and this may affect the whole municipal bond market. Indeed, in the Detroit bankruptcy, the general obligation bonds got 74 cents on the dollar, while the general city employee pensions got 82 cents— an important haircut, but a smaller one. The political force of pension claims in insolvencies is a credit fact that all investors must take into account. If the national municipal bond market internalizes and prices the risks of unfunded pensions, thereby bringing more discipline on the borrowers, that seems like progress to me.
A third objection is that the bill's approach would set a precedent for financially struggling states like Illinois, which they might follow. In my judgment, there is zero probability that Illinois or any other state would volunteer to have a financial control board imposed on it. Even leaving aside the fact that Puerto Rico is not a state, this argument is vacuous.
- Of fundamental importance is that in the medium term, Puerto Rico must develop a sustainable economy—that is, a market economy to replace its historically government-centric one. Various ideas have been proposed relevant to this essential goal, and much more work is required. This is the most challenging of all the elements of the problem. Steps 1 and 2 must be done first, but Step 3 must be achieved for ongoing success.
One thoughtful investor in municipal bonds, reflecting on Puerto Rico, Illinois and other troubled political entities, concluded, "We don't trust governments." That made me think of how there have been more than 180 defaults and restructurings of sovereign debt in the last 100 years and how, further back, a number of American states defaulted on their debts and even repudiated them. So I wrote him, "I think that's wise."
Nonetheless, the immediate requirement to deal with the Puerto Rican debt crisis is government action.
China's self-driving future
In Beijing, a young car culture is going through teething pains. The pressure of urban density, in combination with growing demand for personal transportation in an ever-more-affluent city, has the capital of the People's Republic aching for relief.
It's thus no wonder that a generation of Chinese people see driving as a pain. Unlike car culture in the United States, which came of age during a romantic period of road trips, China's car culture has come of age in a period of congestion.
China's next great leap in transportation cannot come soon enough, not only as a matter of commuter convenience, but as a matter of necessity. Ring roads and surface streets flush with cars at all hours have become the bustling capital's economic choke point. A 2014 study by Peking University estimated that congestion is costing Beijing alone roughly $11.3 billion per year. More importantly, the World Health Organization estimates that 200,000 people are killed in China in road accidents every year.
The Chinese government – specifically, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology – is keenly aware of these issues. To its credit, it believes autonomous vehicles will be an essential part of the solution. The ministry has signaled that it intends to mandate a series of technical and development benchmarks that are to be reached by certain dates.
Li Keqiang, an automotive engineering professor at Tsinghua University who is affiliated with the ministry, has received wide coverage for his claim that a draft roadmap for the introduction of self-driving cars for highway use within three to five years, and autonomous urban use by 2025, is likely to be released later this year.
A series of international conferences have been held in China this year already to discuss the country's approach to autonomous vehicles. In April, Beijing hosted a conference of industry CEOs, an international auto show and the Global Smart Car Summit at the Global Mobile Internet Conference. The stakeholders in attendance are keenly aware that while developments will be made in the private sector, China's regulation of autonomous vehicles is a matter of central planning.
Unlike the United States, where authority over autonomous vehicle development and standards is split between the states and the federal government, China's industry enjoys the benefits of broad-scale coordination. In the near term, this will likely mean that China will not suffer through the same regulatory frustration that will slow the rollout of similar technology here.
What's more, China has pent-up demand for new vehicles and the ability and will to undertake large infrastructure projects. While U.S. regulators are pursing unrealistically onerous safety standards that could actually stunt widespread adopting of the technology, China is approaching safety as a relative matter. So long as an autonomous vehicle is safer than a traditionally directed vehicle, the Chinese government appears satisfied.
But in the long term, in the event that technical coordination becomes too granular, China could face a Minitel-like disaster of hitherto unknown proportions. The way that China can avoid such an outcome will be to embrace the raft of foreign firms with expertise in the field that are increasingly frustrated by the obstacles presented to them in the United States. Doing so will mean taking the hard step of moving away from mandated domestic communications monopolies (like Chinese firm BeiDou on satellite navigation), but the technical benefits of such a development likely would be tremendous.
To be clear, centrally planning regulatory liberalization is hardly ideal. But given the political realities that prevail in China, in the case of autonomous-vehicle development, it stands to bring a world of good to the Middle Kingdom.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
Thoughtful, puritanical, or just plain "huh"? How the media reacted
From ECigIntelligence
And in the neoconservative magazine The Weekly Standard, Eli Lehrer – president of the R Street Institute think tank – seemed to see the whole issue as one more of Big Government than Big Tobacco. Lehrer opined that "members of Congress – even those who want an all out ban on e-cigarettes – should also oppose them in their current form because they're such a blatant example of regulators asserting powers that ought to belong to Congress".


text:
Penalty Shootout
Game Information
VENUE: Sydney Football Stadium
Use a Facebook account to add a comment, subject to Facebook's Terms of Service and Privacy Policy. Your Facebook name, photo & other personal information you make public on Facebook will appear with your comment, and may be used on ESPN's media platforms. Learn more.
A-League News
Former Aston Villa defender Chris Herd opts out of Perth Glory contract
Perth Glory's hopes of title success have been dealt an unexpected blow, with star signing Chris Herd opting out of his contract.
Ex-Danish international Thomas Kristensen joins Brisbane Roar
Brisbane Roar defender Luke DeVere not retiring - John Aloisi
Brisbane Roar's Luke DeVere is not retiring from football despite another injury setback, according to coach John Aloisi.
Bruce Djite's South Korea move puts Adelaide on the lookout for a striker
Adelaide have joined a host of A-League clubs on the hunt for a new line-leading striker with Bruce Djite set for an imminent transfer to South Korea.
Former Temperley midfielder Fernando Brandan set to join Melbourne City
The same scouts that unearthed Bruno Fornaroli hope they've found the next A-League sensation in Argentinian Fernando Brandan.
A-League salary cap 'diminished' by new rules - Adelaide's Greg Griffin
Adelaide United chairman Greg Griffin has warned the FFA against loosening the A-League salary cap to accommodate Tim Cahill.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
I have a function that I would like to have called every day at 11:59 PM. The console application will be running 24/7.
My first thought was to have a timer run every minutes and check if it is 11 59 PM, but I am wondering if .Net has a better way.


text:
Ready-to-Wear - Autumn 2016
23 February 2016
• By
Tim Blanks
There is a mad intensity in Erdem's work, a singular vision which infects beauty with an appreciation of the macabre.
Pre-Fall 2016
8 December 2015
• By
Tim Blanks
Erdem Moralioglu wanted "soft and round" but there's no such thing as "easy does it" with this master of dressy structure.
Ready-to-Wear - Spring 2016
22 September 2015
• By
Tim Blanks
Despite the downbeat inspiration, there was uplifting lightness in the tiers and ruffles, and especially in the millefeuille waves of organza that closed Erdem Moralioglu's show.
17 September 2015
• By
Kate Abnett
2 September 2015
• By
Imran Amed
28 August 2015
• By
BoF Team
13 March 2015
• By
BoF Team
9 February 2015
• By
Graciela Martin
9 February 2015 • By Graciela Martin
The Shows
5 October 2014
• By
BoF Team
5 October 2014 • By BoF Team
18 September 2014
• By
Kati Chitrakorn
18 September 2014 • By Kati Chitrakorn
Ready-to-Wear - Autumn 2016
Pre-Fall 2016
Ready-to-Wear - Spring 2016
The Shows
Update: Louis Vuitton Denies Report of Nicolas Ghesquière's Impending Exit
Turning Around Tiffany
Peter Copping Out at Oscar de la Renta
The Workplace of the Future
How Gentle Monster Rode the K-Pop Wave to $160 Million
How Aquazzura Built a Business By Making Sensible Shoes Sexy
How Ancient Greek Sandals Defied its Country's Crisis
In Wake of Terror Attacks, What Lies Ahead for France's Luxury Industry?
How Tibi's Amy Smilovic Crawled Out of the Contemporary Trap
Report: LVMH to Sell Off DKNY
Zara Founder's Real Estate Assets Top €6 billion in 2015
The Top 10 Campaigns of Autumn/Winter 2016
Meet China's 'Xiamen Fashion Gang'
Lisa Marie Fernandez's Restrained Swimwear Revolution
Scaling Sézane, France's First Online Fashion Brand
Announcing Ellery, Axel Arigato, Mink Mgmt


text:
Kim Rogers® Waxy Pebble Double Entry Hobo
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Written on: 12/12/2012 by KarmaMobility (1 review written)
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text:
The Left Hand of Darkness
by Ursula K. Le Guin
The Left Hand of Darkness Theme of Warfare
There has never been a war on Gethen. Seriously, not one. Oh sure, they have raids, murders, assassinations, and bar fights here and there, but war? They don't even have a word for it. The reason why is one of The Left Hand of Darkness's mysteries. It's speculated that their lack of pure masculinity could be the cause. While a lack of men is definitely the reason they don't have monster trucks, is it enough to write off war? Does Le Guin seriously believe that women would never wage war? On the other hand, it could be the weather on Gethen. Who'd want to fight a war on a planet like that? Whatever the reason, one thing is for certain: the countries of Karhide and Orgoreyn are gearing up for something. And it sure looks like war.
Questions About Warfare
- Does Le Guin suggest that Gethenians will ultimately succumb to war, even now that they joined the Ekumen? Why or why not?
- Do you think it is the Gethenian androgyny that has prevented war on Gethen or the nature of the planet itself? Maybe a bit of both? Neither?
- What reasons do characters have for trying to start a war in the novel? Give examples. What does this tell us about war according to the novel?
Chew on This
Open communications with the Ekumen will bring the concept of war to Gethen. Once the thought is in mind, it is only a matter of time before war breaks out.
The Gethenians' violent history shows that their tendencies toward neighborly destruction are the same as any human species.


text:
Printable PDF
Vendor: Cisco
Certifications: CCNA
Exam Name: Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 2
Exam Code: 640-816
Total Questions: 230 Q&As
Last Updated: Jul 16, 2016
Exam retired ,new exam code replace: 200-101
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text:
Other steel companies will bid for AKS
No they won't. do you have any idea how old, run down, and screwed up the facilities are ? Do you know of the major near catastrophies at the new melt furnace in Butler ? Maybe ask the board why they can't make a heat of steel in the new furnace ? Accidents ? WAste of money ? NOONE with a brain is left in the whole place - they all are gone... A complete loser - always underperforms the sector and always a joke. This steel maker is a junk bond.
stem.king:Furnace at butler plant damage to the foundation also. Major rebuild! Cause Supervision demanded more production over and above its capacity.Regardless of this Butler was the major producer of profits before this damage.
naydin2005;No buyers, too much Legacy expenses. Rumors of buyout for the last 30 years.
I truly think there is a chance down at these levels.Currently it is trading just above book value.I saw this drop coming back in May, but I must say it looks strange seeing this stock in the 6's.It has been a long time! gla
Stephen:Pattern from 2008 during the Bush,Cheney Regime.
Stephen:The drop is caused by the DOW on a downward move. Congress have caused the problem as no agreement on jobs jobs jobs.


text:
Last Night's Phoenix Suns Game Almost Made Us Miss Mike D'Antoni
Earth to Suns Coach Terry Porter: Shaq's an old man. You can't play down to his level.
After last night's drubbing by the Los Angeles Lakers, we almost missed departed (for the New York Knicks) Coach Mike D'Antoni. Hey, we said almost.
The jury's still out on whether Porter's a legitimate NBA coach, so we won't completely turn on him. Yet. But something's got to change.
It's not that O'Neal's playing badly — for a 36-year-old. You couldn't ask him to play better, given his advanced years (15 points and nine rebounds against his old team). But Suns point guard Steve Nash and power forward Amare Stoudemire need to run and gun. Playing the half-court game required with the presence of big hunk of aged beef in the middle is ruining their game.
Upcoming Events
Arizona Diamondbacks vs. Atlanta Braves
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All You Can Eat Value Pack - Mercury v Wings
TicketsFri., Aug. 26, 7:00pm
We've never seen so many turnovers by the Suns over the course of a short season (15 in this game alone). Part of the problem is that Nash ain't no spring chicken either, but most of the blame goes to Porter's siphoning the Suns offense through a guy who was long past his prime before he ever arrived here.
Shaq ain't exactly an AARP member at 36, but we have to wonder if Porter's suffering from early senility for setting his offense up to fail. (Let's not even get into the Suns' defense, which was supposed to get hugely better, but is mediocre, at best).
There's always much made about any meeting of Shaq and Kobe Bryant, and the two made nice before the opening tipoff. But Kobe and his Lakers humiliated the Suns in this first of four meetings between the two teams this season. Nash was flummoxed from the start, and the turgid offense kept Stoudemire from his typical slashing style. With his new haircut, he looked like a Mohawk in headlights.
Pitiful is the only word we can come up with to describe the sorry showing by a Suns team that continues to blather about championship aspirations.
As we said earlier in this blog, the Lakers are the team to beat this year. They have talent to burn. Bryant is the best player in the NBA (he had 24 points last night in an average showing for him), and the team is so good that power forward Lamar Odom has to come off the bench. The Lakers have the new Shaq of the league in Andrew Bynum, and they also have 7-footer Pao Gasol. That's two giants in the back court.
Hey, Shaq, how does Bynum's ass taste?
The capper of the night was news that O'Neal says he wants to finish his career with the Lakers , once he completes his two-year contract with the Suns. He's got to be kidding. What career's he gonna have left by then? If not for the Suns' charity, he wouldn't have one now.
Besides, Shaq, shut the fuck up. — Rick Barrs
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Convento de la Popa
Castillo de San Felipe de Barajas
The castillo is the greatest fortress ever built by the Spaniards in any of their colonies. It still dominates an entire section of...
This museum is part of the Convento. Exhibits include religious art and pre-Columbian ceramics as well as a new section devoted to...
Old Town
Without doubt, Cartagena's old city is its principal attraction, particularly the inner walled town, consisting of the historical...
Estadio Olímpico Jaime Merón León
Cartagena's local soccer team, Real Cartagena, plays games at this stadium located 5km south of the city. Games run throughout the year....
La Dulceria
If you're escaping more chaotic El Centro for the plush suburbs of Bocagrande, this is a good option for an excellent selection of...
Convento de la Popa information
On a 150m-high hill, the highest point in Cartagena, stands this convent. A beautiful image of La Virgen de la Candelaria, the patroness of the city, is in the convent's chapel, and there's a charming flower-filled patio. There is also a chilling statue of a speared Padre Alonso García de Paredes, a priest who was murdered along with five Spanish soldiers for trying to spread the good word. The views from here are outstanding and stretch all over the city.
Take a cab and expect to pay up to COP$40,000 including waiting time. Haggle politely but insistently and you might get it for less than that.
The convent's name literally means the Convent of the Stern, after the hill's apparent similarity to a ship's back end. Founded by the Augustine fathers in 1607, its official name is actually Convento de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria. Initially it was just a small wooden chapel, which was replaced by a stouter construction when the hill was fortified two centuries later, just before Pablo Morillo's siege.
There is a zigzagging access road leading up to the convent (no public transportation) and paths cutting the bends of the road. It takes 30 minutes to walk to the top, but it's not recommended for safety and climatic reasons – walking up would be equivalent to a trek in the desert! Take a cab and expect to pay up to COP$45,000. Haggle politely but insistently and you might get it for half that.


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"What makes John Pilger a truly great journalist is his conscience and bravery."—Martha Gellhorn
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A very good and controversial read. Thoroughly stimulating.
The New Rulers of the World
I didn't generally find this book to be all that good. He does a lot of complaining yet never seems to propose any solutions. Read morePublished on April 17, 2014 by Jared
John Pilger is a journalist with a career-long achievement of revealing things that the powers that be would prefer were not. Read morePublished on October 11, 2013 by islander
Great inside story usually ignored by the media to protect big corporation accounts. Is this a scandal? You be the judge.Published on June 15, 2013 by yaowe ong
John Pilger is one of the best journalists in the world, and this book shows us why. He's sharp, focused and brave, he tell the raw truths about international politics as it is,... Read morePublished on January 29, 2013 by edsetiadi
I read John Pilger's "The New Rulers of the World" a few years after the 9/11 attacks. (I certainly do not believe the official version of the events of 9/11, and it doesn't take a... Read morePublished on April 9, 2011 by Carlos Romero natural cinephile
John Pilger was brought to my attention recently. I have known a few really great investigative journalists such as Robert Young Pelton, David Kaplan, and John Fialka, but John... Read morePublished on September 6, 2009 by Robert David STEELE Vivas
The New Rules of the World, written by John Pilger, is an excellent, must-read book, an eye-opener!!! Read morePublished on September 12, 2008 by Savo Heleta


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The Pasta Truck specialises in fresh pasta dishes and italian cuisine. Our authentic recipes are prepared with love using fresh produces and of course, home-made pasta.
Garden City SC Piazza
Next Event In
a Smoke Free Event
Next Event In
Sunset Supper Club
WHERE GOOD FOOD, CULTURE & COMMUNITY COME TOGETHERThe Sunset Supper Club is a destination for all community members to embrace, enjoy and experience, with great-tasting food, music and culture from all corners of the globe. Those who come to the Sunset Supper Club will enjoy a relaxed dining experience in a fun, family-friendly environment.
Food Vendors
Fresh Turkish GözlemeTurkish Gözleme
Offering traditional Turkish flatbreads using fresh hand-rolled dough, and a choice of spinach, feta and lamb fillings. You have a choice of medium style or hot and spicy, and don't forget that squeeze of lemon to really set your tastebuds alight.
El ArgentinoArgentinian BBQ
Javier will introduce you to the tastes of Argentina. El Argentino share their unique chorizos recipe, mouthwatering beef and lamb ribs and authentic chimichurri sauce!
Braised BrosBraised Local Produce
Here at Braised Bros. we believe in the simple formula of using the best produce available to create our seasonal menu's. Using the classic cooking technique of Braising, locally sourced produce and an unsophisticated approach to our food, we let the quality of Western Australian produce speak for itself.
Miss TartufoGelati
Miss Tartufo shares the gelati love from her Caravan of Gelati Love. She sells her own gelati and Rubra coffee and is available for all types of functions
The Wicked ChilliTex-Mex
The Wicked Chilli…the hottest new food truck to roam the streets of Perth. Dedicated to delivering irresistibly tasty food that's fuelled with flavour.
MeastMiddle Eastern Street Food
Meast was established earlier this year and provides high quality, fresh Middle Eastern Street Food. Most of the menu items are not only locally sourced but made from scratch to ensure optimal taste. Meast caters to a number of diets including paleo, coeliac, vegetarian and vegan. Menu items include gourmet sandwiches, salads, Arabic rice and the popular sweet potato fries.
Maison Saint HonoréFrench Pâtisserie
All our products are handmade by our chefs in the Swan Valley. We use local and really good quality products to get the best taste.
Don't forget to try our best seller: the salted caramel macaron. One try… and it's the beginning of a new addiction….
Try our delicious treat to get a bite of Paris!
Wicked WafflesWaffles & Icecream
Freshly made Belgian Waffles with maple syrup & cream & Gourmet Hard-serve Icecream (not soft serve), are just a few of the sweet treats on offer.
Guerilla FoodsBrazilian food truck
Guerilla Foods bring to the streets a new food experience with an explosion of exciting Brazilian flavours. Created by experienced Chef Luciano D'Agnoluzzo, the food can be a surprise in every bite.
Food for Thought – "Street Food Revolution"
The concept is to serve on the streets the same quality and standard food that you would expect in a restaurant. That's why we are a full commercial kitchen in a truck. We have custom designed a mobile commercial kitchen with the capability to go anywhere and provide onsite cooking.
Juice FaceSmoothie & Juice Bar
Juice Face is a mobile juice and smoothie van. We combine the freshest, local produce we can lay our hands on to make sure you "Get Your Juice Face On!"
Guru BitesIndian Street Food like no-other
Guru Bites may be the closest escape to a truly authentic Indian market stall without flying! Our menu showcases some of India's finest creations as well as some of our very own unique meals creatively formulated for a western market. Vegetarian Friendly
Bollygood FoodsIndian Cuisine
Bollygood Foods bring you the ultimate fusion of the Australian lifestyle with Indian flavours. Bollygood Pies are made with a range of fillings from exotic indian recipes, encased in delicious flaky pastry. The range of pies includes our most famous butter chicken pie to our super hot vindaloo pie.
Pauly K's KitchenAuthentic Hawker Cuisine
The Best Authentic Hawker Cuisine.
Pauly K's Kitchen is well known for serving up traditional asian dishes such as BBQ Pork Noodles, Hainanese Chicken Rice, BBQ Pork Buns, Curry Puffs & Roti Canai. With head chef Pauly K from Malaysia you can expect fresh authentic produce with rich and mouth-watering flavours. We're a friendly bunch so come and have a chat and try a meal or two J – We got you covered.
SUNSET Attractions
Garden City SC Piazza
125 Riseley St, Booragoon
Sunset Summer Club is located in the front Piazza at Garden City Shopping Center.Open in Google Maps Event Map
Public TransportBus services will be running from the Booragoon Bus Station. See Transperth for details.
ParkingFREE parking will be available within Garden City Shopping Centre carparks.
Disability AccessEasy access and parking for mobility-impaired patrons will be provided.
We are here to give you any information you need. Feel free to contact us via the form below
By going to the McCusker Alzheimers Research Foundation Stall and paying $5 not only will you be supporting important research into Dementia and Alzheimers but you will also qualify for a 10% discount at a Food Vendor and you will go into a draw to win a Family holiday for 4. Conditions will apply.
Sunset Supper Club has an Information Booth located next to the Stage where our staff will take care of Lost Property and First Aid related issues.
Sunset Supper Club encourages all members of the family to attend. This event is Family friendly and provides Food options, entertainment and activities that will attract all ages.
The Sunset Supper Club will commence on Friday 23rd October and run until Friday 18th March 5pm til 9pm, excluding Christmas and New Years Day.
We welcome and would love to hear your feedback and comments. We are constantly seeking ways of improving your experience of this community event. Please send your comments via email to [email protected] or phone 0419 952 588.
Yes there are a variety of ATM's located within a short distance of the Sunset Supper Club location.
In the event of Heavy continuous rain and wind, either before or during the Sunset Supper Club, the event will be cancelled. Sunset Supper Club is a Fairweather event!
Please email [email protected] or phone 0419 952 588
about 7 months ago | @SunsetSupper


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Was that a cheap shot by the Bucs?
Coaching in college and coaching in the NFL are two very different things.
Greg Schiano learned that lesson on Sunday.
Tom Coughlin -- in his 17th year as an NFL head coach -- embarrassed Schiano in front of thousands of fans and millions of TV viewers. And rightfully so, because there's no room in professional football for child's play.
The new Tampa Bay Bucs coach, just two games into his tenure, instructed his players to crash into the Giants' offensive line -- with Eli Manning & Co. in victory formation, one kneel-down away from cementing a 41-34 win.
The O-linemen ended up taking shots to their knees, Manning ended up on his rear end -- and Schiano's just lucky no one got hurt, or else he'd be a pariah right now.
Listen, I understand that Schiano, the former Rutgers coach, is trying to change the culture of a franchise that lost 10 straight games to end the 2011 season.
And the early indications are he has done a good job. The Buccaneers beat the Carolina Panthers in Week 1, and they went toe-to-toe with the defending Super Bowl champs. Veteran All-Pro Ronde Barber sang Schiano's praises last week when speaking with the New York media.
But there is a time and a place to make your point -- and the final play of Sunday's game wasn't it.
The chances of the Bucs somehow obtaining the ball on that play are infinitesimal. Furthermore, there is an unwritten rule in the NFL on this -- when's the last time you saw a team put up a fight in a kneel-down situation?
These players aren't college kids -- they're men, literally putting their bodies on the line every Sunday to earn a living and entertain the masses.
The Buccaneers didn't handle the loss like men on Sunday. Because their coach acted like he was still in school.
Kieran Darcy covers the Giants for ESPNNewYork.com.
You play until you hear the whistle.
It's a basic tenet of any contact sport. It applies perfectly to football.
And it's all that Greg Schiano's Bucs were guilty of doing on Sunday.
Instead of conceding the victory, the Tampa defense tried to disrupt the snap and create a turnover on the Giants' final play, a kneel-down by Eli Manning.
It didn't work out, of course. And the Giants walked off the field with the win, but not before Tom Coughlin had a chance to speak his mind to Schiano.
Coughlin was angry, and understandably so. His quarterback ended up on his backside on the final play.
But to call what Tampa attempted a "cheap shot," as some of the Giants did, would be misguided. That implies the Bucs were attempting something illegal, which wasn't the case.
They were simply playing to the final whistle. Maybe a Bucs defender gets a hand on Eli, knocks the ball loose and gives Tampa a chance to score.
"Who knows what can happen?" Super Bowl-winning coach Mike Ditka said on ESPN Radio's "Mike & Mike" show on Monday.
And Ditka is right.
If it sounds crazy, just ask Herm Edwards about the benefits of an improbable late-game turnover.
Edwards, then an Eagles cornerback, picked up Giants QB Joe Pisarcik's botched handoff and ran 26 yards to score a game-winning TD in 1978, on a play dubbed "the Miracle at the Meadowlands."
You never know what's going to happen.
"You've got pads and a helmet on, [the] game's not over," Ditka said.
That's something those upset with Schiano should consider before crushing the coach for what happened Sunday.
Ian Begley covers the Giants for ESPNNewYork.com.


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In this paper we integrate insights from diverse islands of research on electronic privacy to offer a holistic view of privacy engineering and a systematic structure for the discipline's topics. First we discuss privacy requirements grounded in both historic and contemporary perspectives on privacy. We use a three-layer model of user privacy concerns to relate them to system operations (data transfer, storage and processing) and examine their effects on user behavior. In the second part of the paper we develop guidelines for building privacy-friendly systems. We distinguish two approaches: "privacy-by-policy" and "privacy-by-architecture." The privacy-by-policy approach focuses on the implementation of the notice and choice principles of fair information practices (FIPs), while the privacy-by-architecture approach minimizes the collection of identifiable personal data and emphasizes anonymization and client-side data storage and processing. We discuss both approaches with a view to their technical overlaps and boundaries as well as to economic feasibility. The paper aims to introduce engineers and computer scientists to the privacy research domain and provide concrete guidance on how to design privacy-friendly systems.
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retail jobs near Chesterbrook, PA
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Stock Associate USA
Superdry - King of Prussia, PA
Work with the store team to share ideas and suggestions to help colleagues, customers and store performance....
Sears Home Appliances Showroom Consultative Sales Associate - Trainee - Pottstown, PA
Sears Hometown & Outlet Stores - Pottstown, PA
Execute operational and selling processes and ensure sales performance standards are met (e.g.use of Discovery Guide and other selling tools to sell product and...
Sales Associate USA
Superdry - King of Prussia, PA
Working with the store team to share ideas and suggestions to help colleagues, customers and store performance....
Service Specialist - Retail Customer Service (US)
Apple - Philadelphia, PA
The entire store team benefits from your commitment to providing the best care for customers. Whether you're helping customers get started with the Mac or...
Full Time Wireless Retail Professional- Sprint Store
Sprint Store by ArchTelecom - Exton, PA
Sprint Store by Arch Telecom–Full Time Wireless Retail Professional-Sprint Store. To succeed with Sprint by Arch Telecom we are looking for the following:....
Team Lead and Sales Associates
Tempur-Pedic Retail Stores, LLC - King of Prussia, PA
Solid Track record of staying at jobs for more than 1-2 years:. Great benefits including Generous Employee Discount, LIfe/Health/Dental/Vision Insurance, 401 K ...
Retail Location Manager- Sprint Store
Sprint Store by ArchTelecom - West Chester, PA
Competitive salary plus aggressive store bonus and commission earnings. Sprint Store by Arch Telecom – Retail Location Manager....
Customer Service Representative
Houghton International, Inc. - Valley Forge, PA
Own, manage, maintain and update customer files. Review, record and process orders and inquiries by telephone, fax, internet, EDI and correspondence from...
Retail Operations Manager
Mitchell Gold + Bob Williams - King of Prussia, PA
Mitchell Gold + Bob Williams has an opening for a full time Operations Manager at our soon to open King of Prussia, PA Signature Store....
Customer Service Rep (3 Days Off)
Turn 5, Inc. - Malvern, PA
In no time, you'll be wanting your own "Stang". This full-time position works four, ten hour days (3 DAYS OFF!!!)....