text:
The Sounding Museum: Box of Treasures | Hein Schoer
Gruen 137 | CD, DVD, Book > [order]
Two Weeks in Alert Bay, edition 1
The Sounding Museum fuses anthropology, acoustic ecology, soundscape composition, and trans-cultural communication inside the context of museum education.
Based on the piece "Two Weeks in Alert Bay", it supplies researchers, practitioners, and audiences with an instrument to gain an acoustic image of the contemporary cultural and everyday life of the Kwakwaka'wakw of Alert Bay, BC. The project mediates intercultural competence thorough the affective agency of sound.
With the coeval Session Musician's Approach, introduced and analysed in text, audio, and interactive form, it also bridges the gap between art, science, and education.
The Box of Treasures contains a book, 2 DVD's and 1 CD:
Two Weeks in Alert Bay, 2nd edition (audio CD), with the main piece and 9 supplementary tracks
Two Weeks in Alert Bay (audio DVD in DVD-video format); the original piece in surround sound (full, medium, and short version)
Raven Travelling (DVD-ROM); a flash application with extensive supplementary materials, such as raw field audio, recording logs, photography, a little bit of video footage etc., accessible on an interactive map, and
Four Worlds (book, 419 pages), which discusses theory and practice of the Sounding Museum by the example of "Two Weeks".
With a foreword by Barry Truax.
Track list DVD:
01 One Day in the Life of Raven (full version)
The original composition, made from 35h of field recordings. From this one, all abbreviated versions were cut, as well as the edited version for the NONAM.
02 Four Worlds (workshop edit)
During the Das Tönende Museum workshop at the NONAM there would not have been the time to play the full version, and it would also have been much too long to keep the children's attention. For didactic reasons the atmospheric entry here has been enhanced by snippets from the four worlds, each coming from one of the four speakers of the quadraphonic array
03 Short Trip (walk-in edit)
The maximum length feasible for regular museum use. The four movements are barely distinguishable, it is more of a medley. At least the four snippets in the beginning give you a hint.
Track list CD:
01 Port McNeill – Sointula – Alert Bay
From Vancouver you take a small plane to Port Hardy. A taxi takes you to Port McNeill, which takes about an hour. From there you take the BC ferry, which stops at the Finnish expat community Sointula before arriving in Alert Bay. The coast view is breathtaking.
02 Welcome by Vera Newman
I thank Vera for sharing her thoughts in this wonderful introduction. A reciprocal inspiration feedback loop with endless opportunities.
03 How Raven Stole the Sun
One of the most prominent stories on the Northwest Coast and the narrative basis for the main piece.
04 Two Weeks in Alert Bay – One Day in the Life of Raven
The full 42' version, NONAMised. My acoustic rendering of my impressions of two weeks in the Bay. On the audio-DVD you will find the original with my dialogue with Beau Dick.
05 Lahal, pts. 1 & 2
Lahal is a traditional gambling game, also known as the bonegame or stickgame, played all over the western part of North America. Two teams gamble over sticks, which they can win by guessing the right bone, held by the other team. It is a game of speed and deception. The singing generates a lot of energy, but is also used to distract your opponent. Before Christmas 2011 Wa arranged Lahal sessions in the BigHouse for the kids. I took some time to even grasp the rules, let alone follow the course of the game. They were having a lot of fun.
06 Rain at Woss Lake
My second trip with Wa and friends to the 'Namgis band cabin at Woss lake, my family also came along. This time I got my rain recordings.
07 Fighting over the Crumbs
Shortly after New Year 2011/2012 we took the bones of my first stuffed turkey to the seashore close to the U'mista, to attract some birds. They came in large numbers and fought fiercely. It was over in a wink. I got my first bald eagles.
08 Bald Eagle
The frustrating part of being a sound hunter. I saw eagles circling; apparently someone had more bones to dispose. It tried to get isolated eagle cries; this is the result (well, there's one…).
09 Leaving the Bay
On the return trip the ferry does not stop at Sointula.
13 Tracks (incl. bonus track (149′22″)
CD, DVD, Book (500 copies)
Audio CD / 2nd edition
Audio DVD (formatted for DVD-Video players; AC3, 448kbps, 4.1)
Recordings for main piece made in October 2009, all other Alert bay recordings made winter 2011/2012. Tracks 01and 05-09 are unprocessed found sound pieces (one cut between pts. 1 & 2 and careful equalising in track 05).
Soundscape Series by Gruenrekorder
Gruenrekorder / Germany / 2014 / Gruen 137 / LC 09488
Holger Adam | testcard #24: Bug Report. Digital war besser
[…] In Bild und Ton (und Schrift) ist HEIN SCHOERS The Sounding Museum: Box Of Treasures, das Ergebnis einer Klangforschungsreise nach Alert Bay in Kanada, dokumentiert. Ein Pappschuber enthält mit zwei DVDs und einer CD sowie einem knapp 400-seitigen Buch die multimediale Vollbedienung, um in die Welt von Alert Bay vor der Küste Vancouvers einzutauchen. Das Paket stellt eine Art audio-visuell anthropologische Studie dar, die eine Fülle von Material bereithält, dem ich kurz vor Redaktionsschluss nicht mehr Herr wurde, das aber zur weiteren Erkundung einlädt. Abschließend noch zu drei weiteren CDs, die sich aber nicht durch reine Field-Recordings auszeichnen, sondern die elektro-akustische Kompositionen beinhalten. […]
Review | By textura
Hein Schoer's The Sounding Museum: Box of Treasures expands upon the cultural soundscape producer's 2010 release Two Weeks in Alert Bay in about as dramatic a fashion as could be imagined. In contrast to the single-CD presentation of the earlier release, the new edition features a CD, 2 DVDs, and a 400-page book. As described in the earlier review, Schoer's project presents a captivating sound portrait of the Kwakwaka'wakw, a First Nations community situated at the northern end of Vancouver Island on Canada's West Coast, and its activities, myths, and ritual dances and chants. During his two-week visit to the site, Schoer recorded more than thirty-five hours of soundscape material that he subsequently distilled into the forty-two-minute "One Day in the Life of Raven," which makes a natural return appearance on the box set.
On the CD, that long-form setting is joined by nine other tracks, all but one of them sequenced to reflect the trip from arrival to departure. The opening piece documents physical movements from Vancouver to Port Hardy, Port McNeill, and eventually Alert Bay. Vera Newman's welcome, an oral presentation of the "How Raven Stole the Sun" story, and the forty-two-minute centerpiece appear in turn, with the earlier review's description of the latter still applicable: "After opening with the croak of the titular bird, 'One Day in the Life of Raven' assumes the form of a long-form travelogue through the Pacific Northwest Coast. Schoer fashions it as a work in four movements ('The Natural Soundscape,' 'The Artificial Soundscape,' 'The Human Soundscape,' 'The Cultural Soundscape & Spirit World') that begins with arrival at the site, followed by sound samplings of the natural landscape (rushing waters, wind, woodpeckers, drizzle, fire) and those made by residents of the locale (drum chants, conversations, an elementary class in session) heard against a backdrop of radio music (a Rod Stewart cover of 'Street Fighting Man') and construction noise (hammering, drilling, fishing). 'The Spirit World movement,' not surprisingly, turns out to be the most arresting section due to the ritual chants and calls that emerge, but the piece as a whole—especially when it never stays in one place for long—holds one's attention throughout the trip." After "One Day in the Life of Raven," male singing forms an ear-catching part of "Lahal" (the term refers to a traditional game that involves teams gambling over sticks), rains fall amidst seagull cries at Woss Lake, and bald eagles circle, after which departure from the bay occurs. (A bonus soundscape, "Schizophonie 8," surfaces at the CD's close.)
"One Day in the Life of Raven" also appears on the audio DVD followed by two shorter edits: as per the earlier review, "'Four Worlds (Workshop Edit)' re-assembles the original's elements into a half-sized version that feels comparatively more fragmented and experimental, the focus less on coherent narrative and more on collage-like design. Overlapping conversations emerge amidst car noises, bird caws, radio tunes, fireplace crackle, phone rings, drilling and wood hammering, and chants. Predictably, the six-minute 'Short Trip (Walk-In Edit)' offers a mere snapshot of the original, though it does convey the character of the original at a micro-level. In essence, the edits are purely supplementary to the full version." The DVD-ROM, Raven Travelling, is archival content that'll be of interest to those wishing to dig down into the research-related materials (raw field audio, recording logs, photography, etc.) associated with the project.
Its text written by Schoer, the 2010 release's booklet provides detailed background about the project as well as documentation about sound sources used in the recording and the locales visited, among them the U'mista Cultural Centre and T'lisalagi'lakw Native School. But as informative as the booklet is, it's dwarfed by the new edition's Four Worlds book, which presents the theory and practice of the Sounding Museum. The text's scope is wide, including as it does Schoer's experiences at the site as well as thoughtful ruminations on sound art, ethnography, and what constitutes effective soundscape composition. As an indication of its level of detail, the "World Two: Into the Sonic Wild" section dedicates over seventy pages to content associated with "One Day in the Life of Raven." It's also heartening to see Schoer acknowledging in the book the critical contributions made by R. Murray Schaefer to the soundscape phenomenon and the field of acoustic ecology.
Taken as a whole, Schoer's unique, multi-dimensional project constitutes a remarkable accomplishment. Even if one isn't able to visit the site as Schoer did, one comes away from the work better informed about the people within the community and their culture, values, and way of life. It's also well-titled: it lives up to its billing as a Sounding Museum, and the set as presented is equivalent to a Box of Treasures.
Richard Allen | a closer listen
The Sounding Museum: Box of Treasures is perhaps Gruenrekorder's most elaborate production to date: a CD, audio DVD, DVD-ROM and softbound 419-page book, all enclosed in a black cardboard sleeve. It takes an entire day to peruse, but one would not be surprised to see it included in a college curriculum.
Box of Treasures is the physical manifestation of The Sounding Museum, an exhibition at the North American Native Museum in Zürich. Aware that many might never be able to travel to the exhibition, Herb Schoer created this comprehensive physical reflection. The exhibition is centered time spent living with and recording the traditions of the Kwakwaka'wakw of British Columbia. During these two weeks, Schoer became concerned with a number of issues involving authenticity and exploitation; suffice it to say that the breadth of this multi-media release is evidence of his honesty.
Schoer writes, "At the core (of The Sounding Museum) lies the question, "How do I make a good cultural soundscape composition for museum-didactic purposes?" This is a valid question, especially when it comes to the common consumer: the person who may or may not visit a museum, who may or may not spend time at an exhibition, who may or may not attempt to digest a soundscape. Much of the world is blind to field recordings for the simple reason that the world itself is a giant unrecorded field. In order to draw attention to a particular soundscape, one needs focus, and often sculpture. On "Two Weeks in Alert Bay", the primary piece around which the rest of the venture unfolds, Shoer demonstrates the importance of choice. 35 hours of field recordings – a longlist – are whittled down to 42 minutes – a shortlist. The piece is layered, structured, shaped: at every juncture, the artist (who must also be called a composer) decides what to include, where to include it, and most importantly, how to keep the attention of the listener. As a public piece, this means that the piece must include numerous sections of "action"; in other words, as lovely as a segment may be (a classroom, a workshop, a tribal drum, a storm), it cannot be allowed to last for long. By tumbling from source to source, Shoer does indeed keep the listener's attention; the tapestry reveals more as metaphor than as direct aural artifact. Other audio tracks include ferry recordings, recited folklore, gambling humans and squabbling birds, but as a collage, "Two Weeks in Alert Bay" is an altogether immersive experience.
When an earlier version of the disc first appeared in 2010, online journal The Sound Projector commented, "this project would have been much better done as a combined DVD/CD package". While in one sense this is true – and of course, now we have it – in another, there's great value in the use of one's imagination. While listening, one intuits many characteristics of the Kwakwaka'wakw ~ hard working, humorous, playful, diverse. While these assumptions may be inaccurate, we doubt that they are. The addition of photos, video, and other interactive material can only enhance one's initial impressions. Those who wish to view "the full monty", as Schoer puts it, are invited to open each file in turn, to experience the sights along with the sounds.
Even more impressive is the scholarly tome, The Sounding Museum: Four Worlds, Cultural Soundscape Composition and Trans-Cultural Communication. Yes, that's a mouthful, but the internal prose is far more accessible. Beginning with the history of soundscape (church bells, the sound of war), Shoen then progresses to modern discussions, relying on Schafer for many of his observations. But a real connection is made in the book's center, which revolves around the author's experiences in Alert Bay. "I cooked for them, they cooked for me. I walked with them, they walked with me." All scholarly observations aside, this is simple humanity, stripped of pretension. Chapters dedicated to local anthropology, sound selection and (most entertainingly) the author's workshops follow. The most endearing section contains a chart of students' "relished and despised sounds", which range from "rustling of Leaves" (sic) to "when a pig is slaughtered" and "when teacher says 'test", the last two lumped at the same level! In the end, one not only enjoys the presentation, one likes the presenter. This is not something Shoen could have planned, but certainly something most teachers hope for.
Much respect to Gruenrekorder for realizing the value of this project and for helping the artist to achieve his dream of an expanded release. This is indeed a box of treasures.
Robert Muis | Gonzo (circus) #125
Hein Schoer | The Sounding Museum: Box of Treasures


text:
Developing Story
View All
View All
Content Type
View All
Research Activities
General Information
Past Event
Uncorrected Transcript
Place holder for brief description
Kenneth G. Lieberthal, Cheng Li and Jonathan D. Pollack
Jeffrey A. Bader and Jonathan D. Pollack
Right-click (ctl+click for Mac) on 'Download' and select 'save link as..'
Copy and paste the embed code above to your website or blog.
The reelection of President Barack Obama and the convening of China's 18th National Congress only days later highlight converging political calendars that may set the contours of U.S.-China relations and East Asian politics for years to come. However, uncertainties remain, with China's political, economic and strategic trajectories subject to major internal and external pressures. At the same time, the United States confronts a daunting, long deferred set of fiscal challenges that could reshape U.S. foreign and security policy options.
On November 19, the John L. Thornton China Center at Brookings hosted a discussion assessing possible developments in Chinese foreign and domestic affairs in light of the political transitions in both countries.
Jonathan D. Pollack
Acting Director, John L. Thornton China Center
Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy
Cheng Li
Director of Research, John L. Thornton China Center
Kenneth G. Lieberthal
Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, Global Economy and Development, John L. Thornton China Center
J. Stapleton Roy
Director, Kissinger Institute on China and the United States
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
View Bio
Alan Romberg
Distinguished Fellow and Director, East Asia Center
The Henry L. Stimson Center
Jeffrey A. Bader
Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, John L. Thornton China Center
November 19, 2012
Brookings Institution
Falk Auditorium
1775 Massachusetts Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20036
Brookings Office of Communications
events [at] brookings.edu
Blog Post
July 22, 2016,
David Dollar and Wei Wang
July 20, 2016,
Jonathan D. Pollack and Richard C. Bush III
July 19, 2016,
Junyi Zhang
July 2016,
David Dollar
July 13, 2016,
Richard C. Bush III
July 13, 2016,
Jeffrey A. Bader
July 13, 2016
July 12, 2016,
Jonathan D. Pollack
John L. Thornton China Center ›
April 14, 2015,
Cheng Li
November 15, 2012,
Cheng Li
August 2012,
Cheng Li
October 17, 2012,
Kenneth G. Lieberthal
September 2012,
Cheng Li
November 8, 2012,
Cheng Li and Minxin Pei
November 7, 2012,
Kenneth G. Lieberthal
November 2014,
Rikkie Yeung
October 1, 2014,
Richard C. Bush III
October 3, 2014,
Richard C. Bush III
September 29, 2014,
Richard C. Bush III
July 18, 2014,
Cheng Li
The Brookings Institution is a nonprofit organization devoted to independent research and policy solutions. Its mission is to conduct high-quality, independent research and, based on that research, to provide innovative, practical recommendations for policymakers and the public. The conclusions and recommendations of any Brookings publication are solely those of its author(s), and do not reflect the views of the Institution, its management, or its other scholars.
More ›
1775 Massachusetts Ave, NW,
Washington, DC 20036
© 2016 The Brookings Institution
You have not selected any newsletters.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
More articles on
Create a Merry Christmas Zombie Poster in Illustrator
It's almost Christmas time and so we decided to make a cool Illustrator tutorial as a gift for you guys. Today we are going to learn how to make this Zombie Santa Claus Christmas Poster using some simple tips. I hope...
Tutorial Suggestions
Over the years we have been writing tutorials about all sorts of subjects, especially Photoshop and Illustration. We want to share here with you some of our favorite ones hopping that they can help you as much as they helped us.


text:
Reload the page and try again.
Party Scene:
The campus all round is always lively. Being in the city makes it acceptable for lively entertainment whether its being put on by the school itself of an outside venue.
The Drexel Men's Basketball team has been extremely active and constantly progressing in their achievements. They have accomplished many victories over the course of the last two years and will continue to push their limits in reaching each victory.
Great engineering program with well-educated professors.
There is campus transit and also tons of public Philadelphia transit. Campus transit is free for students, which is preferable of course.
Drug Safety:
Since Drexel is in a major city, drugs are everywhere. However, it's all on the student to make sure that they avoid this problem.
Health & Safety:
The campus is made safe by the public safety workers who patrol the streets during the day and night. There are also emergency poles every few blocks that serve as a connection to the police department in case of an emergency.
Local Area:
Philadelphia is an awesome city! There is nothing not to like about it and there is so much going on. There is a lot of sports spirit and excellent dining options. Being close to UPenn is great as well.
Drexel does a good job of giving out scholarships to many of the accepted students here. Unfortunately, I haven't been able to see the financial aid process.
Campus Quality:
Co-op is cool. Greek week is more like Greek month. Homecoming is interesting from a freshman's perspective.
Campus Food:
The dining plans work well if the dining hall gets tiring and more variety is in order. The dining dollars are well-needed.
Off-Campus Housing:
The appartments aren't too far from campus. At least 30% of off_campus housing is technically still on campus. The cost is acceptablr and the safety is adequate.
Huge disappointment in not having a football team. However the men's basketball team gets a lot of support and has one of the best home court advantages. The women's team won the wnit this year on the home court, very exciting to experience and celebrate!! Other teams have gone on to play in NCAA tournaments as well this year.
Local Area:
There is a huge variety of events that can be found in close proximity to the school or nearby within the city.
Campus Housing:
No matter what kind of dorm style you're looking for. Race and Van R are nice suite style dorms. Kelly is the most traditional dorm style building. Millenium is nice on the outside, but the rooms are small. Towers and Calhoun get a bad rep, but they're good halls for meeting lots of people. North and Caneris are sophomore dorms, and they hold all the way up to seven people.All of the Greek Houses are essentially row homes, except for the ones on Powelton Ave. Theta Chi, TKE, Pi Kappa Phi, and Lambda Chi are the only ones that have their own house, otherwise, the houses are duplex style. University Crossings and soon-to-be Chestnut Square are nice student apartments that are right next to where classes are, which is super convenient. There are lots of houses that you can rent rooms in just off of campus which just require a little more of a walk to get to most places.
Local Area:
Philadelphia is one of the greatest cities in America. There is endless things to do and see. People for the most part are welcoming and warm.
Campus Food:
There is countless options on and around campus. If you can think of the style of food, it can be found. Plus the local Philadelphia fare is by far the greatest.
Party Scene:
5 Min from Center City Philadelphia, the night life is endless. Greek life is also involved in plenty of night activities.
The sports program make an attempt to involve all of the student body. Drexel is not known for its sports, but the program strives to win.
I am not really interested in sports, the only club I participate is Karate. Drexel's Karate club is really amazing, we won almost every tournament. Although I was only a white belt, but my perfomance is equal to the yellow belt from other school.
I am currently in Culinary Science, and the faculty of this Department is awesome! I've got a lot of help from them in both my academic life and my process to find a coop. Culinary Science major provides an adequate amount of knowledge from both science, liberal art, and culinary art. There're many options for coop in this Major, but you'll need to plan it carefully. For example, if you're not good at cooking in fast pace, you should take as many Food Science course as possible so you might get an intern in lab or reasearch field.
Campus Food:
Lots of dining option are available, both through campus dining, and the various restaurants/food trucks located in the vacinity.
I love my program. I am in the newly founded custom designed major program, and though it involves extra work on my part, I love the freedom to choose my own path and decide my own curriculum.
It's fine, there aren't super helpful, nor are they unhelpful. The best way to get financial aid at this school is to do really well in HIGH SCHOOL.
Off-Campus Housing:
There is every type of option imaginable nearby since we are located in the middle of the city.
Campus Housing:
Campus is a fun place to live, and its great that you are located to close and don't have to worry much about safety.
{{review.SectionLabel}} at {{review.EntityName}}:
Sorry, there are no reviews.
Some students complain about the "Drexel Shaft" screwing up their scheduling or billing, or a poor professor. The truth is that students will find red tape headaches and unfortunate instructors at just about every university. As long as students are picky about the professors and classes they enroll in, they can surely guarantee a positive academic experience. The University is filled with incredible professors that are more than willing to impart their professional wisdom. The Drexel Co-op is Drexel's strongest selling point, and many students come here specifically for that program. Some can't wait to graduate and zip through their classes, concentrating more on their co-op, as they feel it gives them more valuable experience. This vocational approach of the student works against the joy of the college learning experience. Some students scoff at the idea of taking electives in other academic concentrations, which they might enjoy or which could make them a more well-rounded person.
The hurry to graduate is mostly because of the fact that co-ops usually require students to stay at Drexel for five years. Students load up on courses when they are in school, try just to pass them, and complete their programs as soon as possible. This does not need to be the case, and the students that realize this earlier on tend to be immensely happier than the aforementioned students. It's unfortunate that this facet of students at Drexel feels this rush, but most of the other students relish their college experience and the various benefits Drexel has to offer. Most students are thrilled they went to Drexel in the end. The co-op is an invaluable experience that puts students ahead in the job race after graduation (it also beats any menial college job).
Compared against the students in the chart, you are in the:
Non-registered users are limited to 5 school profile page views per month.
Register for free to gain full access!


text:
Filter by:
My week, including a Lib Dem membership rise, The Avalanches, and why I'm putting pressure on Theresa May over child refugees.
Nancy Stewart Parnell, a relative of the Irish nationalist Charles Stewart Parnell, stood for the Liberals at Southwark South East in 1935.
The anti-EU side's attack on ITV reminds us that those complaining the loudest are usually defeated.
My week, from the Baftas to election results, provided a perfect chance to reflect on what the BBC gets right and wrong.
Both Vote Leave and the In campaign are set to target Labour swing voters ahead of June 23rd. Could a strong statement from Corbyn be decisive?
The Labour leader's questioning left all unclear of what he hoped to achieve.
Two decades after his career was ended in a bribery scandal, the controversial right-winger is back with a vengeance.
As the prospect of Brexit looms, the Eurovision song contest can tell us a lot about our place in Europe.
The report, which was commissioned in 2009, is set to be published on 6 July.
Anti-Semitism is resurgent. Where did this poison come from – and is there an antidote?
The small, red marks come from sitting at pub tables outside – and they herald the start of a joyous season.
We notice you have ad blocking software enabled. Support the New Statesman's quality, independent journalism by contributing now — and this message will disappear for the next 30 days.
If we cannot support the site on advertising revenue, we will have to introduce a pay wall — meaning fewer readers will have access to our incisive analysis, comprehensive culture coverage and groundbreaking long reads.


text:
home > medical dictionary definitions a-z list > aih (artificial insemination by husband) definition
Definition of AIH (artificial insemination by husband)
AIH (artificial insemination by husband): A procedure in which a fine catheter (tube) is inserted through the cervix (the natural opening of the uterus) into the uterus (the womb) to deposit a sperm sample from the woman's mate directly into the uterus. The purpose of this procedure is to achieve fertilization and pregnancy. AIH is distinguished from artificial insemination by donor (AID) in which the donor is a man other than the woman's mate. AIH is also known as homologous insemination.Source: MedTerms™ Medical Dictionary
Last Editorial Review: 5/13/2016
Medical Dictionary Definitions A - Z
Search Medical Dictionary
Women's Health Resources
- 10 Ways to Revitalize Your Life
- New Treatments for Pulmonary Hypertension
- Relieve Allergies Without Drugs


text:
I have read the WCAG documentation and I am confused. Does compliance to WCAG 1 AA preclude the use of Javascript?
Programmers Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for professional programmers interested in conceptual questions about software development. Join them; it only takes a minute:
Sign up
Sign up
Here's how it works:
- Anybody can ask a question
- Anybody can answer
- The best answers are voted up and rise to the top
No, it just means that anything you can do with Javascript you also have to be able to do without it. The concept you would need to look at is called "Progressive Enhancement" which builds on the concept of unobtrusive Javascript. It really isn't as hard as it sounds, and well worth doing.
You have a few classes of users who either refuse to use Javascript, or simply cannot.
Nope. However, you have to make sure that all content and functionality is available to users without JavaScript. You could even use Flash (yuck!) as long as you follow that golden rule.


text:
File Under: Things You're Sick of Hearing About — 'Duck Dynasty' Family Releases a Statement, Shia LaBeouf Plagiarizes Again
By Dustin Rowles | Trade News | December 20, 2013 | Comments ()
I know, I know: You don't care anymore. Your Facebook feed is inundated with pictures of a bearded man who you'd gone for so long without knowing anything about, and no one will shut up about The Beefster, and no one seems to understand either copyright laws or how Freedom of Speech works.
It's frustrating, so I'm going to make this obligatory post short: First of all, after A&E suspended Phil Robertson from Duck Dynasty (which has already taped most of the season's episodes, which will begin airing in January), the Robertson clan released a statement: "We have had a successful working relationship with A&E but, as a family, we cannot imagine the show going forward without our patriarch at the helm."
Does that mean the show may be over? Maybe! It seems hard to believe that A&E will let the highest-rated show on cable go, but now that the backlash against Phil Robinson's homophobia is beginning to subside, people are beginning to focus on statements he made about African-Americans, and, well, you can't use religion to excuse this:
I never heard one of them, one black person, say 'I tell you what: These doggone white people' — not a word!… Pre-entitlement, pre-welfare, you say: Were they happy? They were godly; they were happy; no one was singing the blues."
Eek. Dude's cooked.
Meanwhile, there's yet EVEN more plagiarism from Shia LaBeouf, who plagiarized a short film, plagiarized his apology for doing so, then plagiarized another apology from Shepherd Fairey, and then apparently plagiarized the About page on his website. He has also apparently "borrowed" words from, among others, Kanye West, Robert McNamara, and Tiger Woods. There's too much plagiarism to keep track of at this point, and LaBeouf was never a strong enough, charismatic enough or popular enough actor to overlook all of this, so it's likely that his career is also headed to Lohan-town.
However, many are suggesting that this LaBeouf mess is all one giant piece of performance art, which gives way too much credit to the man, although … what if Andy Kaufman was behind it the whole time?
Remember when he was dating Carey Mulligan? What in God's name did she see in him?
(Source: Gawker)
Pajiba Love Express
Here's some Daveed Diggs for you. On Daveed Diggs' digs, actually. That man does things with clothes that should not make sense, but are absolutely perfect. (Go Fug Yourself)
Woody Allen has "so moved on" from his daughter's accusations and says he never even thinks about it. He equates her words about him to a bad review he won't read and comments on how wacky it is that Mia Farrow is his mother-in-law. He is the worst. (Celebitchy)
Not The Worst but still very gross: Leonardo DiCaprio and his
Here are 5 under-the-radar shows. I had never even heard of the first two. (Uproxx)


text:
Tunisia Palace, Tunis
- Free buffet breakfast, free WiFi, and free parking
Main amenities
- 47 smoke-free guestrooms
- Restaurant and bar/lounge
- 3 meeting rooms
- Airport shuttle
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Laundry service
- Hair salon
- Multilingual staff
- Concierge services
- Luggage storage
- Porter/bellhop
For families
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Private bathroom
- Separate bathtub and shower
- Free toiletries
- Daily housekeeping
- Laundry facilities
What's around
- Heart of Tunis
- Bab el Bahr (0.1 mi / 0.1 km)
- Cathedral of St. Vincent de Paul (0.1 mi / 0.2 km)
- Souk El Attarine (0.4 mi / 0.7 km)
- Place 7 de Novembre (0.5 mi / 0.8 km)
- Zitouna Mosque (0.6 mi / 1 km)
Tunisia Palace, Tunis
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $49
- Standard Single Room
- Standard Triple Room
- Standard Double or Twin Room
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 47 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 3 floors
- 24-hour check-in
- Check-out time is Noon
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
- Local laws may restrict unmarried guests from sharing a room
Travelling with others
- Pets not allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Airport shuttle (available 24 hours) *
- No parking
- Free self parking
Other information
- Smoke-free property
Nearby Four Star Tunis hotels
In the hotel
- Free buffet breakfast
- Restaurant
- Bar/lounge
- Number of meeting rooms - 3
- Concierge services
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Laundry facilities
- Hair salon
- Luggage storage
- Multilingual staff
- Porter/bellhop
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Elevator/lift
In the room
- Air conditioning
- Minibar
- Private bathroom
- Separate bathtub and shower
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Satellite TV channels
- Desk
- Free WiFi
- Phone
- Daily housekeeping
- In-room safe
Top Tunis hotels
Recently reviewed hotels in Tunis
- Dar El MarsaFrom
"I actual live in La Marsa and decided to stay here for the night to surprise my gf before she left the country. The hotel is great as I have been many times for drinks and dinner.…"Jun 6, 2016
- The Residence TunisFrom
"It was our fifth stay in this hotel over the last 3 years, and once more we have been very satisfied with the experience. As known, the overall situation in Tunesia is not very…"May 31, 2016
- Tunis Grand HotelFrom
"Nice, calm and elegant hotel, room is nice, food is fresh and employees are friendly and nice. "Apr 30, 2016
- Hotel Acropole TunisFrom
Tunisia Palace, Tunis's small print
Also known as
- Palace Tunisia
- Tunisia Palace
- Tunisia Palace Hotel
- Tunisia Palace Golden Yasmin Hotel Tunis
- Tunisia Palace Tunis, Africa
- Tunisia Palace Hotel Tunis
- Tunisia Palace Tunis
- Tunisia Palace Golden Yasmin Tunis
A deposit is charged to the guest's credit card by E-rev UK LTD on the hotel's behalf for any bookings where payment for the stay will be made on site instead of at the time of booking. For more details, please contact the office using the information on the reservation confirmation received after booking.
Optional extras
Late check-out can be arranged for an extra charge
Airport shuttle service is offered for an extra charge of TND 25 per person (one way)
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Recent reviews
Good 3.8 /5 from 57 reviews
The wifi was not good - poor conection - rooms small no a/c
Great room close to everything... Very slow wifi Great breakfast menu
Great location, the very definition of central; very friendly staff.
I booked this hotel weeks before, paid in full and when I arrived I was told that all the rooms are occupied. After 30 minutes of arguing by miracle they find one room empty. I reserved it for 2 but get towel for one, room was very smelly, hair dryer not working. Only one positiv: the staff from the restaurant were kind and a la cart food was very nice. Going to Tunis quite often but never here again
The hotel is located at the Medina which is the historical center of Tunis. It is a great location and the hotel is a beautiful old building. The staff is nice in general and smiling but they kept smoking on the floors and my room was always filled with the smell of smoke. I complained once to the front desk and they claimed that it was the visitors who smoke in their rooms. Then I found out that it was one of the cleaners on the floor who was smoking. I went to the front desk complain about it and the lady used a perfume to hide the smell while I was on my way. I came back with a staff member but she said nothing to the cleaner who was smoking. After entering my room I found out that she also entered my room before I came and used the same perfume to hide the smell. Other than the problem with smoking the hotel has a problem with worms. I have been eaten up by the warms every night and my skin got itchy. It was not pleasent experience at all. So unless you like smoking and want to get eaten up by worms every night do not stay at this hotel.
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


text:
Live updates
Tim Peake recalls 'busy but incredible' 2 days in space
1st 48hrs on #ISS - busy but incredible. Amazing how fast the body adapts to new environment. Found my tea...life is good! #Principia
Peake performance - Major Tim spends first day in Space Station office
"A spectacular day in the office". That's how Major Tim Peake's mother has described her son's historic journey to Space.
The former helicopter pilot from Sussex has spent his first day on board the International Space Station - BUT his first priority was to phone home. He made a video call to his family back on Earth. Mel Bloor reports.
Sending our Sussex spaceman to the ISS - Major Tim Peake boldly going where no Britain has been before
ITV News Meridian's special programme presented by Fred Dinenage & Sangeeta Bhabra
The Queen sends good luck message to Tim Peake
The Queen has sent a good luck message to Tim Peake after he arrived on the International Space Station.
The message, which was tweeted, said: "Prince Philip and I are pleased to transmit our best wishes to Major Timothy Peake as he joins the International Space Station in orbit.
"We hope that Major Peake's work on the Space Station will serve as an inspiration to a new generation of scientists and engineers.
"The thoughts and prayers of the whole country are with him and the crew, especially at this time of year.
"We join with his friends and family in wishing him a productive mission and a safe return to Earth."
The Queen sends #GoodLuckTim message to #TimPeake @astro_timpeake as he joins @space_station #Principia #BritinSpace https://t.co/KyGEjD19cQ
Tim Peake welcomed to International Space Station
Tim Peake has been welcomed to the International Space Station after the hatch to his Soyuz spacecraft was opened.
Mr Peake, NASA astronaut Tim Kopra and Russian commander Yuri Malenchenko entered the station at 7.58pm GMT after a six-and-a-half hour journey.
Tim Peake's arrival on ISS a 'great day', says David Willetts
Former science minister David Willetts said Tim Peake's arrival at the International Space Station was a "great day".
Lord Willetts, who was instrumental in setting Britain on the path to sending Mr Peake into space, said it was good that the UK was finally part of the ISS mission.
He said it was a great day "for Tim Peake personally and Britain as a whole".
Speaking about the ISS mission, he said: "This is something that is going to be part of the future of space exploration.
"Britain should be part of it and now we are."
Tim Peake enters the International Space Station
Tim Peake, NASA astronaut Tim Kopra and Russian commander Yuri Malenchenk are due to enter the International Space Station at 7pm GMT.
This live event has now ended.
Lift off! All the excitement of a historic day
It's been a momentous day for Sussex astronaut Major Tim Peake - the first Briton in space for more than 20 years.
Christine Alsford watched the thrills and excitement of today's mission launch.
Her report contains interviews with Tim's dad Nigel Peake who comes from Chichester, Major Peake's wife Rebecca and the last British astronaut to go into space in 1991, Helen Sharman.
- ITV Report
Tim Peake arrives on International Space Station
Sussex astronaut Tim Peake has safely made contact with the International Space Station (ISS) after blasting off in a rocket this morning.Read the full story ›
Tim Peake's spacecraft successfully docks with International Space Station
Tim Peake's spacecraft has docked with the International Space Station after a manual docking.
A message from mission control said: "Congratulations, we were a little bit worried from our side."
The craft was forced to switch to manual docking from automatic. It was not initially clear why.


text:
How to Tune Out and Be More Productive
By Lipsticking on December 08, 2012
Sponsored Post
I am always talking about the power of disconnecting and turning off everything that buzzes, beeps, and clamors for your attention. It is not a luxury, it is a necessity. That's why I was drawn to this very practical post on how to do this amidst your busy schedule.
In today's ever-connected world, there are times when you simply need to step away and plan for quiet time. How can you turn off distractions? Step away from the office? Maybe even take time away from the family for a few hours? Can you turn off the television, radio, not play any audio books for a few hours? If possible, you need to do so. Your mind needs down time in order to function at its optimal levels.
Read the full post on Tune Out, Turn Off, Ramp Up Productivity on Lipsticking.
Read more from How to Tune Out and Be More Productive at Lipsticking
Follow BlogHer
Most Popular
Refreshing Drink Recipes Using Simply Beverages™
Simply Beverages™ use never-from-concentrate juices in all of their beverages. And they never add any preservatives, colors or artificial flavors. Read our bloggers' posts and find fun beverage recipes you can serve this summer! Plus get a chance to win $100. Read more
Latest comments
Relieve Your Migraine Pain
Excedrin® Migraine relieves sensitivity to light, sensitivity to sound, nausea and relieves pain in just 30 minutes. Read our bloggers' posts as they talk about their experiences with migraine and how they cope with it. Plus get a chance to win $100! Read more


text:
Elementals are on the loose and small battles have been waged between Drow and Avalonian force's.
There have been reports of elemental destruction but nobody has seen any paintings to confirm.
Will world war erupt?
Will the guild's of Historica combine force's to stop the threats and live happily ever after?
Time will tell.
C&c welcome Thank you, for viewing.
Some close up pics
Before the attacks
Edited by Captain BeerBeard, 01 July 2012 - 12:17 AM.


text:
St Mountain Jobs
Looking for jobs in St Mountain? Snagajob has great opportunities with the area's leading companies. And applying for St Mountain jobs has never been easier. Look at the job listings below, click on a job title that interests you and hit the "apply now" button. Part-time jobs, teen jobs, student jobs and summer jobs are now just a click away. Start your job search now.
St Mountain, GA Job Openings
T.J. Maxx2215 Memorial Drive
Waycross, GA
Five Guys Burgers and Fries5450 Wittlesey Blvd
Columbus, GA
KmartCornelia, GA
Cornelia, GA
T-MobileRiverdale, GA
Riverdale, GA
Aaron's Sales & Lease Ownership300 Banks Crossing
Commerce, GA
Kroger3618 Highway 138 Se
Stockbridge, GA
Cities within 20 miles of St Mountain, GA
- Atlanta, GA (2649 jobs)
- Marietta, GA (709 jobs)
- Savannah, GA (596 jobs)
- Alpharetta, GA (541 jobs)
- Augusta, GA (484 jobs)
- Columbus, GA (424 jobs)
- Macon, GA (403 jobs)
- Kennesaw, GA (371 jobs)
- Athens, GA (340 jobs)
- Lawrenceville, GA (329 jobs)
- Buford, GA (302 jobs)


text:
Banco León Implements SunGard's Ambit Software
Treasury platform designed to mitigate risk and streamline operations.
SunGard has announced that Banco León, a Dominican Republic commercial bank, has implemented its Ambit Treasury Management software.
Banco León's use of the software is aimed at increasing operational efficiency through automation over multiple asset classes and growth in transaction volumes. Its exposure for credit, market and operational risk can also be monitored through the software, which is described by the vendor as a front-to-back solution. Ambit is designed for both retail and private banks at a tier two-to-four level.
"We selected SunGard because of the strength of the Ambit solution suite, its deep industry expertise and its reputation for delivering high levels of customer service," says Carlos Marranzini, vice president of treasury at Banco León. "SunGard's Ambit Treasury Management provides scalable and proven infrastructure for all front, middle and back-office treasury functions that will help us obtain a consistent view of our business, provide support for multiple asset classes and improve risk management to support our growth objectives."
More on Risk Management, Performance & Reporting
Weekly Wrap
The Waters Weekly Wrap: July 16-22
A look back at the best stories published across all the Waters brands.Subscribe to Weekly Wrap emails


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Mar 25, 1986
|Filing date
|May 3, 1985
|Priority date
|May 3, 1985
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Anil B. Goel
|Original Assignee
|Ashland Oil, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (42), Classifications (28), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to two-component structural adhesives or sealant compositions based on a mixed epoxy resin component and a mixed amide amine hardener component and more particularly pertains to two component adhesive formulations both components of which can be used by gravity feed but mixtures of which result in rapid thixotropy buildup for sag resistance.
Two component adhesive systems have been described in the patent literature, as represented particularly by U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,812,003 and 3,935,051, as well as being available commercially for some time. In general, these adhesives comprise a prepolymer component and a curative component which are generally mixed in ratios of about 4:1 or higher to give essentially a highly fluid mix unless the mix is highly loaded with filler. Typically, the prepolymer component is the reaction product of an organic polyisocyanate with a reactive hydrogen containing material containing mostly two hydroxyls and having a molecular weight of 500 to about 5000 or higher, preferably selected from the polyester polyols and the polyether polyols. The curative component preferably is a low molecular weight polyfunctional polyol preferably having three or more hydroxyls of relatively low equivalent weight. Also, these adhesives generally contain sufficient urethane catalyst to give the desired gel time to permit the adhesive to be applied at least to the substrate before the adhesive gels.
Since these adhesives without filler inherently have low sag resistance, those of ordinary skill in this art have incorporated fillers to develop or increase the sag resistance where said resistance is needed. Unfortunately, this technique also increases the viscosity of the component or components containing the filler and makes it more difficult to mix the components and then spread the adhesive on a substrate. Hence, loading with high levels of filler needed to achieve sag resistance results in difficulties in getting satisfactory mixing because high pressure mixing or high shear equipment and high pressure pumping equipment is needed. Further, high loading in many cases tends to lower the strength of the adhesive bond and, therefore, is undesirable from that standpoint.
A variety of active hydrogen compounds (polyamines, polyacids, polymercaptans, polyphenols, etc.) have been used as the curing agents for epoxide resins to give thermosetting polymers which have been used in adhesive and sealant applications. Although two component adhesive compositions based on epoxide resins have been used heretofore, these systems lack the property of thixotropy which prevents or minimizes sagging of the adhesive before the complete curing (setting) of the adhesive bond. Sagging is a problem encountered, particularly on surfaces which are other than horizontal in nature. Furthermore, two component adhesive formulations based on epoxy resin/amine hardener of the prior art are known to give brittle cured polymers. Inclusion of fillers such as fumed silica as thixotroping agents results in the loss of mobility of the individual epoxy resin and amine hardner components prior to their mixing, thus, not permitting the gravity feed which is provided in the present invention. Prior to the present invention no two component epoxy adhesive composition has been described which has good flow properties prior to mixing and is capable of building thixotropy upon mixing of the components.
The existing two component adhesives based on epoxy resins and amine hardeners do not exhibit chemical thixotropy nor do they possess long open time after mixing or fast curing rates at low temperatures. The adhesive compositions of this invention exhibit excellent adhesive performance in addition to desirable properties such as low viscosity of both components with good flow properties, foolproof (variable) mix ratios of the components, chemical thixotropy upon mixing, long room temperature open time, rapid cure at temperatures on the order of about 100 degrees C., high flexibility and toughness after cure, low hygroscopicity, and excellent adhesive performance in bonding virtually any types of substrates including sheet molding compounds (SMC), cold rolled steel (CRS), and others.
It is an object of this invention to provide a two component adhesive formulation composed of an epoxy resin component and a hardener component the individual components of which have relatively low viscosities (generally less than 200,000 cps) enabling them to be used by gravity feed methods.
Another object is to provide two component adhesive formulations which have non-critical mix ratios for virtually foolproof mixing in which there can be as much as 50% variation in the ratio of components without adverse effects on the application of the ultimate adhesive mixture.
Another object of this invention is to provide a two component adhesive formulation which becomes thixotropic after mixing of the components before gellation occurs to avoid sagging in the adhesive application.
Still another object is to provide a two component adhesive formulation which has reasonably long room temperature open time or shelf life after the components have been mixed.
Another object is to provide an adhesive formulation which cures rapidly upon heating to a temperature in the range of about 100 degrees C.
Another object of this invention is to provide an adhesive formulation which can be used on most substrates without rigorous surface preparation (cleaning, scratching, scrubbing, priming, etc.) to give a highly flexible, tough adhesive bond with high shear and peel strengths and which has low hygroscopicity.
I have developed a two component adhesive system comprising an epoxy resin component and a hardener component which meets all of the above-described desired requirements. Liquid diglycidyl ethers of Bisphenol-A of different epoxy equivalent weights (180 to 200) have preferably been used as the major part of the epoxy resin formulations. In order to improve the flexibility and the toughness of the adhesive bond, inclusion of a rubber segment in the epoxy resin component has been considered. For this purpose, the , epoxy resin in a typical formulation was allowed to react with from about 5 to 20% by weight of carboxylic acid group terminated butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer rubber. The three types of additives such as (a) aliphatic di- or polyisocyanate (e.g., m-tetramethyl xylyl diisocyanate), (b) carboxylic anhydride of low reactivity (e.g., isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer oligomer), (c) molecules with unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds capable of undergoing Michael addition reaction with amines (e.g., maleic or fumeric groups) can be used in the epoxy resins as the reactive components towards hardeners providing chemical thixotropy by undergoing rapid reactions with amine hardeners. In this respect, I have found that the addition of maleic anhydride to the epoxy resin component resulted in initial lowering of the viscosity of the epoxy resin and with a low level (about 2% by weight or less) of maleic anhydride, the epoxy resin component had shelf life of greater than two months. In this case the reaction of anhydride groups of the epoxy component with amines of the hardener component when the two components are mixed is believed to give the rapid initial thixotropy to the adhesive system.
Similarly, the epoxy resin components containing an aliphatic isocyanate such as meta tetramethylene xylene diisocyanate upon mixing with the amine hardner component, results in a rapid initial reaction to provide thixotropy to the system. The amounts of these additivies in the epoxy resin component required for thixotropy may vary from about 0.5 to 10% by weight. The exact amounts used depend upon the initial viscosity of the epoxy resin component. Optionally, low viscosity mono- and polyepoxy materials such as phenyl glycidyl ether, butane diol diglycidyl ether, etc. may be included in the epoxy resin component to reduce the overall viscosity of the final formulation.
The hardener components used for curing the above-described epoxy resin components can be formulated containing mixtures of amido amines, primary and secondary amines with tertiary amine groups or alkylene ether groups in the backbone and Bisphenol-A. In order to obtain the high flexibility, toughness and improved water stability, the amido amines used contained flexible groups and particularly, the dimerized linoleic acid backbone. These materials may be obtained from commercial sources, e.g., Versamide 140 (which is a polyamidoamine of dimerized linoleic acid). In order to improve the curing rate, I prefer to use either the amido amine containing tertiary amine group or the amido amine combined with amines such as 2-amino-ethyl piperazine. The tertiary amine containing amido amine was prepared by the amidation reaction of dimerized linoleic acid with either 2-amino-ethyl piperazine or bis-(amino propyl) piperazine. Furthermore, in order to improve the rates of curing and the flexibility and the toughness, polyphenolics such as Bisphenol-A can also be included in the hardner compositions. The active-hydrogen equivalent weight of the hardner component can be varied by adding different levels of poly(alkylene ether) diamine This also helps to improve the flexibility and the adhesion properties of the final adhesive formulation. The weight ratios of amido amine: amine: Bisphenol-A in the hardner component may be in the range of 30-90: 8-35: 2-35.
The commonly known fillers such as Talc, Kaophile (alumina), metal oxides, metals, carbon, etc., can be used in either the epoxy resin component or the hardner component or both and the overall amounts may range from 0.1 to 40% by weight of filler based on the total weight of the adhesive formulation.
The polyepoxides useful in the epoxy resin component of this invention can be monomeric or polymeric, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic, and they may be substituted if desired with other substituents besides the epoxy group, e.g., hydroxyl groups, ether radicals, halogen atoms, and the like. Typical epoxy components suitable in the practice of this invention include those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,500,600 and 2,324,483 which are incorporated herein by reference. Preferred in this invention are 1,2-epoxy compounds having an epoxide equivalence greater than 1, that is to say, compounds containing more than one group of the formula ##STR1##
The 1,2-epoxide groups may be either terminal or inner ones. Particularly suitable terminal 1,2-epoxide groups are 1,2-epoxy ethyl or 1,2-epoxy propyl groups. The latter may be linked to an oxygen atom, that is to say, they are glycidyl ether or glycidyl ester groups. Compounds with inner epoxide groups usually contain the 1,2-epoxide group in an aliphatic chain or in a cycloaliphatic ring.
As epoxy compounds containing an inner 1,2-epoxy group there are suitable epoxidized diolefins, dienes, or cyclic dienes, such as 1,2,5,6-diepoxy hexane, 1,2,4,5-diepoxy cyclohexane, dicyclopentadiene diepoxide, dipentene diepoxide, vinyl cyclohexene diepoxide, epoxidized diolefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, such as methyl-9,10,12,13-diepoxy stearate, or the dimethyl ester of 6,7,10,11-diepoxyhexadecane-1,16-dicarboxylic acid. Furthermore, there may be mentioned epoxidized mono-, di-, or polyesters, mono-, di- or polyacetals containing at least one cycloaliphatic 5-membered ring, to which at least two 1,2-epoxidized groups are linked. A widely used class of polyepoxides which can be used in the present invention are the epoxy polyethers obtained by reacting a halogen containing epoxide or dihalohydrin, such as epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin, 3-chloro-1,2-epoxyoctane, and the like with either a polyhydric phenol or a polyhydric alcohol.
Although aliphatic polyisocyanates are preferred in this is invention aromatic polyisocyanates may also be used advantageously.
The polyisocyanates useful in this invention include organic isocyanates having at least two isocyanate groups per molecule. The polyisocyanates can be of low, high or intermediate molecular weight and can be any of a wide variety of organic polyisocyanates including ethylene diisocyanate, trimethylene diisocyanate, dodecamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer, tetraethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, propylene-1, 2-diisocyanate, 2,3-dimethyl tetramethylene diisocyanate, butylene-1,2-diisocyanate, butylene-1, 3-diisocyanate, 1,4-diisocyanato cyclohexane, cyclopentene-1,3-diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, 1-methyl phenylene-2,4-diisocyanate, naphthalene-1,4-diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, diphenyl-4,4'-diisocyanate, benzene 1,2,4-triisocyanate, xylene-1,4-diisocyanate, xylylene-1,3-diisocyanate, 4,4'-diphenylene methane diisocyanate, 4,4'-diphenylene propane diisocyanate, 1,2,3,4-tetraisocyanato butane, butane-1,2,3-triisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, and other polyisocyanates having an isocyanate functionality of at least two which are more fully disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,350,362 and 3,382,215. Polyisocyanates which are polymeric in nature including isocyanate prepolymers of all types are included in this invention.
I have discovered a two component adhesive formilation the compoments of which are an epoxide component (Ep) and an amine hardener component (Ha). To illustrate the general procedure used in the practice of this invention, the two components (Ep) and (Ha) were mixed in appropriate weight amounts under an inert atmosphere (i.e., nitrogen) at room temperature and the mixture was applied in the form of a 3/8 inch bead across the substrate (i.e., sheet molding compound laminate) that was in sheet form measuring 12 inches by 4 inches by 100 mils (thickness) and the surface of which was first wiped with acetone. After sprinkling a few 30 mils diameter glass beads on the top of the adhesive applied to one surface of the sheet the other laminate sheet was placed on the top of the adhesive and glass beads with a one-inch overlap between substrate sheets. The thus prepared samples were kept adhesive had gelled, and then they were placed in an oven maintained at 250 degrees F. for post curing for 30 minutes. Test specimens were cut from these cured samples into one-inch strips. In this manner, several test samples were prepared from each adhesive sample for physical testing. In a similar manner the adhesive formulation was tested on primed (urethane primer) cold rolled steel, one inch wide, strips.
To illustrate this invention, an epoxy resin component (Ep) was prepared from a mixture of 60g of , the diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol-A, 67.g of a carboxylic acid terminated acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer containing 18% by weight of acrylonitrile, 3.3g of phenyl glycidyl ether, 1.7g of tetramethyl xylene diisocyanate and 28.3g of a talc filler. A hardner component (Ha) was prepared from a mixture of dimerized linoleic acid/bis-aminopropyl piperazine (1:2 mole ratio) (28.6g), 9.5g of amino ethyl piperazine, 19g of amine (poly (alkylene ether) diamine, molecular weight 400), 9.5g of Bisphenol-A and 33.4g of talc filler. After preparation the component Ep was found to have a viscosity of 100,000 cps and component Ha was found to have a viscosity of 59,000 cps. The two components which had gravity flow viscosities, upon mixing in weight ratios of 1:1 and 1.5:1 showed immediate thickening (thixotropy and not gellation). The open time at room temperature prior to gellation of the mixtures was approximately 30 minutes and gel time at 100 degrees C. (air convection oven) was less than 5 minutes. The adhesive bonds prepared using these two mixtures on substrates such as SMC or cold rolled steel plates showed excellent peel and shear strength as well as side impact strength. On SMC 100% substrate failure resulted under various test conditions in the range of 300 to 500 psi; whereas, in primed cold rolled steel plates, primer failure occurred at 2000 to 3500 psi.
This invention is further illustrated in the following representative examples.
In the examples the following tests were carried out by using in each case a set of at least three samples for each type of test.
A. Shear strength test was conducted at room temperature after 1/2 hour post curing the sample at 250 degrees F.
B. Post baking at 425 degrees F. of the sample for an additional 1/2 hour and shear strength tested at room temperature.
C. Shear strength test at 180 degrees F. after 30 minutes curing at 250 degrees F.
D. Shear strength test at room temperature on 250 degrees F. post cure samples after they had been immersed for 24 hours in water held at 203 degrees F.
Liquid diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol-A (epoxy equivalent weight of about 180-195) (900g), a carboxyl terminated butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer (containing 18% by weight acrylonitrile) (100g) and 2.5g of triphenyl phosphine (catalyst) were mixed and heated at 120 degrees C. for about one hour under constant stirring. The viscous liquid which resulted had a room temperature viscosity of about 20,000 cps and was used for modified epoxy resin formulations.
Several solutions of liquid diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol-A (DGEBPA) with varying amounts of added maleic anhydride were prepared by rapidly dissolving maleic anhydride in DGEBPA at a temperature in the range of 40-60 degrees C. These solutions (labelled compositions No. 1-5 in Table 1) were brought back to room temperature and their viscosities were checked the following day at room temperature. Viscosity lowering was observed when maleic anhydride was added to the mixture. The compositions and the viscosities are given in Table 1. Shelf life tests for the mixtures given in Table 1 showed that gelation occurred after about one month at room temperature in the compositions in which the maleic anhydride content was above about 5% whereas the compositions containing maleic anhydride at the 2% level stayed liquid for more than 2 months at room temperature.
TABLE 1______________________________________Composition DEGBA Maleic Anhydride ViscosityNo. Wt. % Wt. % W cps______________________________________1 100 0 12,0002 98 2 8,0003 06 4 6,5004 84 6 5,2005 90 10 4,000______________________________________
A. Poly(propylene oxide) diol (hydroxyl equivalent weight 205) (615.4g) was mixed with 294g of maleic anhydride and 0.94g of p-tolyl sulfonic acid. The mixture was stirred at 100 degrees C. under nitrogen for five hours. To 58.4g of the above material was added 188g of liquid DGEBPA and 0.5g of triphenyl phosphine. The mixture was then heated at 110-120 degrees C. for one hour to give an epoxy resin with an approximate epoxy equivalent weight of 308.
B. The procedure of Example 3A was followed using 294g of maleic anhydride, 135.2g of butanediol and 2.0g of p-tolylsulfonic acid to prepare the carboxylic terminated product. A portion of this (34.85g) was mixed with 416.3g of liquid DGEBPA and 1.35g of triphenyl phosphine. The resulting mixture was heated at 120 degrees C. for one hour to give the epoxy resin with epoxy equivalent weight of 226.
An epoxy resin filled with talc filler was prepared using 66.7 parts by weight of the epoxy resin of Example 1, 32.3 parts of phenyl glycidyl ether, 1.7 parts of an aliphatic diisocyanate (tetramethyl xylyl diisocyanate) and 28.3 parts of talc filler. This filled resin had a viscosity of about 80,000 cps and had gravity flow properties.
Epoxy resin filled with Kaophile-2 (alumina) filler was prepared using 69 parts by weight of the epoxy resin of Example 2, 2% by weight of maleic anhydride, 2.6 parts of butanediol diglycidyl ether and 28.4 parts of Kaophile-2 filler. This resin, with gravity flow properties, had a viscosity of 90,000 cps.
An epoxy resin filled with talc filler was prepared using 65.2 parts by weight of the epoxy resin of Example 3B, 5.3 parts of butanediol diglycidyl ether and 29.5 parts of talc. This epoxy resin had gravity flow properties and a viscosity of 150,000 cps.
Poly(alkylene ether)diamine (molecular weight of 400) (400g) and Bisphenol-A (200g) were mixed and heated at about 80 degrees C. for one hour to give a clear viscous solution. This mixture was used to obtain the hardner compositions as described in later Examples.
A solution of poly (alkylene ether) diamine, 2-amino ethyl piperazine and Bisphenol-A in 1:1:1 weight ratio was prepared by following the procedure of Example 7.
Dimerized linoleic acid (400g) and 2-amino ethyl piperazine (185.8g) were mixed in a three-neck flask equipped with mechanical stirrer, thermometer with temperature controller, Dean Stark type collector with condenser and nitrogen inlet. The mixture was heated at 180 degrees C. for three to four hours and water produced in the reaction was distilled off. The residue was evacuated under reduced pressure (25 mm of Hg) for 30 minutes and the mixture was brought back to room temperature under nitrogen. The resulting viscous liquid was analyzed for acid value which was found to be about 1 and total amine value which was found to be about 138.
Dimer acid based amido-amine resin was prepared following the procedure of Example 9, using 350g of dimerized linoleic acid and 252.3g of bis-amino propyl piperazine. The viscous liquid had an acid value of about 1 and a total amine value of about 366.
Poly (aminoalkylene)amide with imidazoline (active hydrogen equivalent weight of about 90) (75g) was mixed with 25g of Bisphenol-A and the mixture was heated at about 60 degrees C. for one hour to give a viscous liquid. This was filled with 50g of talc filler to give a viscous paste.
The hardener was prepared by mixing 49 parts by weight of poly (aminoalkylene) amide with imidazoline groups, 4.7 parts of amino ethyl piperazine, 16.3 parts of Bisphenol-A and 30 parts of talc filler. The hardner had gravity flow with viscosity of about 96,000 cps.
The hardner was prepared by mixing 28.6 parts by weight of amido-amine resin of Example 10, 10 parts of poly(alkylene ether)diamine (molecular weight 400), 28 parts of the mixture of Example 8 and 33.4 parts of Kaophile-2. The viscosity of this hardener was about 59,000 cps.
The room temperature open time and 100 degrees C. air convection oven cure time study on various combinations of epoxy resins and hardners were carried out by mixing them in weight ratios varying from 1:1 to 1.5:1. The total sample weight ranged between 10-15g. The results are given in Table 2.
TABLE 2______________________________________Compo- Open Timesition Wt. Min. at 100� C. CureNumber Components* Ratio Room Temp. Time (Min.)______________________________________1 Ep1/Ha1 1:1 30 52 Ep1/Ha1 1:1.5 26 43 Ep1/Ha2 1:1 35 5.54 Ep1/Ha2 1:1.5 30 4.55 Ep1/Ha3 1:1.5 40 6.56 Ep2/Ha1 2:1 35 5.57 Ep2/Ha1 1:1.5 28 58 Ep2/Ha2 1:1.2 30 59 Ep3/Ha1 1:1.3 32 5.510 Ep3/Ha2 1:1.2 34 5.5______________________________________ *EP1 is the epoxy resin of Example 4 Ep2 is the epoxy resin of Example 5 Ep3 is the epoxy resin of Example 6 Ha1 is the hardner of Example 13 Ha2 is the hardner of Example 14 Ha3 is the Hardner of Example 12
The epoxy resin of Example 4 and the hardner of Example 13 were mixed in appropriate weight ratios to obtain the adhesive mixture which was tested on sheet molding compound sheets and on primed cold rolled steel panels. Upon mixing, a rapid viscosity buildup (thixotropy) was observed The adhesive bonds were cured at about 95 degrees C. in heated panel for 2-5 minutes and the green strength buildup was determined by cross-peel test. A rapid green strength buildup was noticed giving greater than 100 psi strength within 2 minutes and in about 3 minutes, substrate failure in the SMC tests was observed. The test results are given in Table 3.
TABLE 3______________________________________Sample Test Shear Strength, psiNumber Procedure 1:1 1:1.5______________________________________Substrate - SMC1 A 410(DL)* 525(DL)*2 A 450(DL) 350(DL)3 A 480(DL) 510(SB)4 B 505(DL) 425(DL)5 B 470(SB) 450(DL)6 D 530(SB) 460(DL)7 D 480(SB) 395(DL)8 C 310(AF) 425(SB)9 C 210(SB) 550(SB)Substrate - Cold Rolled Steel, Primed10 A 3000(PF) 2480(PF)11 A 2050(PF) 2350(PF)______________________________________ *PF -- Primer Failure SB -- Substrate Broke AF -- Adhesive Failure DL -- Substrate Delaminated
The epoxy resin of Example 5 and the hardner of Example 13 were mixed in 1:1 and 1.5:1 ratios, and adhesive testings were carried out under various conditions. The test results are given in Table 4
TABLE 4______________________________________Sample Test Shear Strength, psiNumber Procedure 1:1 1:1.5______________________________________Substrate SMC1 A 465(SB) 435(DL)2 A 510(DL) 425(DL)3 A 470(SB) 465(DL)4 B 340(SB) 496(DL)5 B 465(DL) 355(SB)6 D 285(SB) 405(DL)7 D 330(SB) 445(DL)8 C 190(SB) 435(DL)9 C 225(SB) 625(DL)Substrate Cold Rolled Steel, Primed10 A 3090(PF) 3185(PF)11 A 2980(PF) 3170(PF)______________________________________
The epoxy resin of Example 5 and the hardner of Example 14 were mixed in appropriate weight ratio. An initial viscosity buildup was observed. The adhesive remained ungelled for about 30 minutes. The adhesive was used in tests and the results are given in Table 5.
TABLE 5______________________________________Sample Test Lap Shear Strength, psiNumber Procedure 1.1 1:1.5______________________________________Substrate - SMC1 A 420(SB) 455(DL)2 A 325(SB) 475(DL)3 A 460(SB) 455(DL)4 B 415(SB) 520(DL)5 B 330(SB) 480(DL)6 D 370(SB) 195(SB)7 D 475(DL,AF) 200(SB)8 180� F. 230(SB) 265(SB)9 180� F. 240(SB) 260(SB)Substrate Cold Rolled Steel, Primed10 A 2850(PF) 2890(PF)11 A 3070(PF) 2800(PF)12 D 2450(PF) 2580(PF)13 D 2210(PF) 2670(PF)______________________________________
The epoxy resin of Example 6 and the hardner of Example 12 were mixed in 1.5:1 weight ratio. Initial increase in the viscosity was observed. The resulting adhesive was applied on test panels of SMC and cold rolled steel. The test results on SMC indicated substrate failure in the shear strength range of 300-500 psi under all the test conditions (A through 19), while on the steel panels is shown 2300-3000 psi shear strengths.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 24, 1973
|Jun 24, 1975
|Texaco Inc
|Epoxy scale-resistant coating
|Aug 18, 1975
|Jan 24, 1978
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Novel thermosetting resin and a process for producing same
|Sep 20, 1976
|Apr 4, 1978
|H. B. Fuller Company
|Adhesive systems comprising a bisamino piperazine-containing polyamide
|Dec 10, 1979
|Apr 21, 1981
|Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
|Cyanoethylated polyamide amines as hardeners for polyepoxides
|Mar 28, 1980
|Nov 3, 1981
|Westinghouse Electric Corp.
|Epoxy-elastomer low temperature curable, solventless, sprayable, stator winding adhesive-bracing compositions
|Oct 15, 1982
|Dec 20, 1983
|Texaco Inc.
|Water-based epoxy resin coating composition
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 20, 1986
|Jun 30, 1987
|Akzo N.V.
|Thixotropic coating composition, process for coating a substrate with such coating composition and the coated substrate thus obtained
|Oct 1, 1986
|Sep 22, 1987
|Ashland Oil, Inc.
|Sag resistant, high performance epoxy structural adhesives
|Jun 19, 1986
|Aug 9, 1988
|Ashland Oil Inc.
|High performance induction curable two-component structural adhesive with nonsagging behavior
|Feb 24, 1987
|Oct 4, 1988
|Ashland Oil, Inc.
|Sag resistant, high performance, two component epoxy structural adhesives
|Jul 30, 1987
|Feb 7, 1989
|Lord Corporation
|Rubber-modified epoxy adhesive compositions
|Nov 13, 1986
|Sep 5, 1989
|Ashland Oil, Inc
|Flush solvents for epoxy adhesives
|Sep 29, 1987
|Oct 10, 1989
|Franco Federici
|Monocomponent polyurethane adhesives
|Apr 18, 1988
|Nov 7, 1989
|Ashland Oil, Inc.
|Bonding method employing high performance induction curable two-component structural adhesive with nonsagging behavior
|Sep 2, 1988
|Apr 10, 1990
|Ashland Oil, Inc.
|Epoxy resin with polyamine-polyphenol solid salt in liquid poly(alkylene oxide) polyamine-polyphenol
|Oct 4, 1989
|Dec 11, 1990
|E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company
|Electrodeposition coatings containing blocked tetramethylxylene diisocyanate crosslinker
|Feb 7, 1989
|May 28, 1991
|Lord Corporation
|Rubber-modified epoxy adhesive compositions
|May 7, 1992
|Aug 3, 1993
|Lord Corporation
|Acrylate-terminated polyurethane/epoxy adhesives
|Jan 29, 1990
|Nov 23, 1993
|Shell Oil Company
|Phenol-terminated epoxy resin with functional elastomer
|Nov 2, 1992
|Jan 31, 1995
|Lord Corporation
|Structural adhesive composition having high temperature resistance
|Mar 31, 1994
|Oct 29, 1996
|Ppg Industries, Inc.
|Tertiary aminourea compositions and their use as catalysts in curable compositions
|May 28, 1996
|Nov 11, 1997
|Larry J. Winget
|Thermoplastic air bag cover assembly having a switch and method of making same
|Nov 27, 1996
|Aug 10, 1999
|Cabot Corporation
|Masterbatch and resin systems incorporating same
|Dec 15, 1994
|Mar 21, 2000
|Air Products And Chemicals, Inc.
|Adhesion promoters for plastisols
|Nov 13, 2001
|Jun 15, 2004
|Lord Corporation
|Low read-through epoxy-bonded SMC
|Feb 25, 2005
|Nov 22, 2011
|Sika Technology
|Two-component adhesive for producing semi-finished products and composite sandwich materials
|Aug 2, 2010
|Jul 3, 2012
|Method and machine for reinforcing an embedded cylindrical pipe
|Aug 31, 2012
|Mar 29, 2016
|Sika Technology Ag
|Two-component structural adhesive which is impact resistant at room temperature
|Aug 18, 2003
|Apr 22, 2004
|Salvino Carmen M.
|Polymer composition and method of rapid preparation in situ
|Jan 25, 2005
|Jul 14, 2005
|Carmen Salvino
|Polymer composition and method of rapid preparation in situ
|Nov 23, 2005
|Aug 10, 2006
|Airbus Deutschland Gmbh
|Retainer and method for attaching lines to lightweight elements of means of transport, in particular to sandwich panels of aircraft
|Feb 25, 2005
|Apr 24, 2008
|Sika Technology Ag
|Two-Component Adhesive for Fabrication of Semifinished Products and Sandwich Composites
|Dec 15, 2008
|Oct 7, 2010
|Sika Technology Ag
|Method for producing hydroxy-functional polymers, the isocyanate-group-terminated polyaddition products which can be obtained therefrom, and the use thereof
|Aug 2, 2010
|Apr 28, 2011
|Method and machine for reinforcing an embedded cylindrical pipe
|Apr 5, 2012
|Feb 19, 2014
|Impact-modified adhesives
|Dec 15, 1993
|Jun 22, 1995
|Akzo Nobel Nv
|Aug 11, 1987
|Apr 13, 1988
|Ashland Oil, Inc.
|Sag resistant, high performance epoxy structural adhesive
|Jan 15, 1988
|Jul 19, 1989
|Ashland Oil, Inc.
|Flexible two-component epoxy structural adhesives
|Feb 25, 2004
|Aug 31, 2005
|Sika Technology AG
|Two-component adhesive for producing semi-finished products and sandwich composites
|Dec 17, 2007
|Jun 24, 2009
|Sika Technology AG
|Method for creating hydroxyfunctional polymers, the isocyanate group terminal polyaddition products which can be gathered from them and their production
|Mar 2, 2010
|Sep 14, 2011
|Sika Technology AG
|Toughened two component structural adhesive being curable at room temperature
|Oct 28, 2011
|May 1, 2013
|Sunrise S.r.l.
|Solar concentrator
|Sep 21, 1990
|Apr 18, 1991
|E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company
|Electrodeposition coatings containing blocked tetramethylxylene diisocyanate crosslinker
|Feb 25, 2005
|Sep 1, 2005
|Sika Technology Ag
|Two-component adhesive for producing semi-finished products and composite sandwich materials
|Feb 2, 2010
|Aug 5, 2010
|Lord Corporation
|Structural adhesives containing maleimide terminated polyimides
|Mar 1, 2011
|Aug 9, 2012
|Sika Technology Ag
|Two-component structural adhesive which is impact resistant at room temperature
|Apr 5, 2012
|Dec 6, 2012
|Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa
|Impact-modified adhesives
|Apr 3, 2013
|Oct 31, 2013
|Dow Global Technologies Llc
|Epoxy adhesive composition
|U.S. Classification
|525/109, 544/404, 528/111.3, 528/104, 528/73, 528/118, 544/403, 528/111, 525/111
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|May 31, 1985
Owner name: ASHLAND OIL, INC., ASHLAND, KY., A KY CORP.
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:GOEL, ANIL;REEL/FRAME:004407/0270
Effective date: 19850529
|Sep 5, 1989
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Sep 7, 1993
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Mar 13, 1995
Owner name: ASHLAND INC. (A KENTUCKY CORPORATION), KENTUCKY
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:ASHLAND OIL, INC. (A KENTUCKY CORPORATION);REEL/FRAME:007378/0147
Effective date: 19950127
|Sep 24, 1997
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Looking for a topamax? Not a problem! Click Here
In case you would want to receive more information concerning topamax assure visit Pharmacy Lookup.
Guaranteed Worldwide Shipping Discreet Package Low Prices 24/7/365 Customer Support 100% Satisfaction Guaranteed.
Relax, this is how they assess if they want you being an employee or not. Vocational training can assist you learn the skills you may need in less time and with a much smaller investment. The tests are timed for you personally so you can get familiar with actual test conditions.
Something else to consider being a pharmacy technician may be the hours you need to work. Leading pharmacies are licensed and certified and also you get affordable prices, privacy, medical information and convenience when you shop. Part with this improvement in national health originates from conscious adjustments to lifestyle ,however, many is also attributable for the availability of health enhancing medications.
You will either be given a call or nothing will happen. Listed here are a summary of just some in the medical things that Axis Medicare Ltd desire to supply you with on sale prices, provided by this specific UK Online Chemists;-Children's wellbeing products for example Bepanthen, Calpol as well as Bio-Oil. Meadow's Pharmacy is and a great shopping spot year-round.
In order to qualify for federal loans a Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) has to be completed and aid is granted dependant on student need, tuition rates on the college, along with other factors. When I asked the tech concerning this new action she stated that yes, it is a brand new policy knowning that it can be a "law" that every pharmacies must adhere to. They are also responsible for inspecting the operational control over dispensary and manufacturing units and providing a platform to enhance the pharmacists' role to prescribe medicine independently.
' Sri Venkateshwara College of Pharmacy - Hyderabad. Luckily, you'll find Rx discount cards, coupons, and savings programs that may save you a great deal of money, and a lot are easy to find and manage. Several brands of natural cleaners can be found at most of the large stores, including Bio - Kleen and Seventh Generation.


text:
Learn more
Spiritual Disciplines for the Christian Life Paperback – Jun 15 1991
Amazon Price
|New from
|Used from
"Please retry"
"Please retry"
Audio CD, Audiobook
"Please retry"
There is a newer edition of this item:
Customers Who Bought This Item Also Bought
No Kindle device required. Download one of the Free Kindle apps to start reading Kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, and computer.
Getting the download link through email is temporarily not available. Please check back later.
To get the free app, enter your mobile phone number.
I'd like to read this book on Kindle
Don't have a Kindle? Get your Kindle here, or download a FREE Kindle Reading App.
Product Details
Would you like to update product info, give feedback on images, or tell us about a lower price?
Product Description
About the Author
DONALD S. WHITNEY has been Assistant Professor of Spiritual Formation at Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary in Kansas City, Missouri since 1995. Previously, Don pastored Glenfield Baptist Church in Glen Ellyn, Illinois for almost fifteen years. He is also the author of How Can I Be Sure I'm a Christian? (NavPress), and Spiritual Disciplines Within the Church (Moody Press). Don completed a Doctor of Ministry degree at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School in Deerfield, Illinois. Don lives with his wife, Caffy and daughter, Laurelen Christiana, in Kansas City.
What Other Items Do Customers Buy After Viewing This Item?
Customer Reviews
Top Customer Reviews
I attended Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary where Dr. Whitney serves as Professor of Spiritual Formation. He is what he makes himself out to be in his book. He is a humble man, desiring that God be honored and glorified and that men and women grown in Christ-likeness. He is truly one of the most Godly men I have ever met and I am honored and priviliged to have sat under his teaching. God blessed me through him and his teaching tremendously.
Why do I say this? This book is the foundation of everything he teaches, for his desire is indeed Godliness for himself and those he teaches, either in person or in absentia through the books he writes.
If you indeed have desire to grow in Jesus Christ, no matter how long you have been a Christian, my strong recommendation is to buy this book and read it carefully. You indeed will be blessed!!
This book is about change. We can live our day to day lives and never experience any growth, but this book will definitely include change and growth in a believer's life.
I am going to recommend it to my pastor, minister of education and music minister and any other believer I come in contact with that is serious about growing in their Christian life.
The only reason I came across this book was I was cleaning and found it and it looked interesting. I think I got it when my aunt passed away. But, it was definitely a "I can't put this book down," type of book in my life.
I would really like to see my entire church go through the study guide. I believe it would make so much difference in all of our lives.
Regardless of where a person is at in their journey toward sanctification, this book will convict. This book forces one to ask questions that are not "comfortable". Questions that one might even lie to themselves about.
When we strip away the veil that we all tend to hide behind from time to time, when we look in the mirror honestly, we see that Jesus Christ is not manifest in our lives the way that He must be.
Donald S. Whitney has broken down the spiritual disciplines into clear, concise and easy to understand chapters. This book has served to wet my appatite for glorifying my God and my Savior Jesus Christ.
Contrary to a review above, this book is much more than a "Why" Book. That would be incomplete!! Whitney gives SIMPLE methods and grand analogies that make the disciplines easy to apply (the HOW)! Get this book and read through it often!
The book also offers ample examples from outside the Bible as well. Examples of how others effectively incoporated the disciplines into their lives. I highly recommend it.
It is extremely readable, practical and applicable. An individual can read it alone and benefit wonderfully from it, or can also use the book in a discussion book and find it equally rewarding.
The Disciplines are ancient as avenues to express one's Christian life, but for modern audiences Richard Foster's Celebration of Discipline was the hearkening call back to their practice. Dallas Willard's book followed several years later called The Spirit of the Disciplines, a "why" and rationale for the Disciplines. Whitney's book is the practical way to incorporate the Disciplines into one's everyday life, to escape the discuss and do nothing mode of many so called believers, and actually change one's life.
I heartily recommend the book. I have used it in training student leaders on the college campus and find its advice timeless yet contemporary.
Most recent customer reviews
In the past I have not been too thrilled to read or hear about spiritual disciplines. It made me feel guilty for falling so far short - I always felt overwhelmed. Read morePublished on Nov. 4 2002
This book is a simple and practical help toward Christian growth. Each chapter is full of the "how-to" aspect of living a life of spiritual discipline. Read morePublished on March 26 2002 by Brian Douglas
Forgive me for rating a respected book so poorly. If your quest is to discover why certain disciplines are needed, then ignore what I have to say. This book delivers. Read morePublished on Feb. 19 2001 by Wade
It says in the Bible that we should "go and make disciples of all nations" (Matt 28:19). As a nation I believe that we are doing a pretty good job as making Christians... Read morePublished on May 15 2000
This very practical and readable book should be required reading for all Christians desiring to grow in their faith. Read morePublished on March 29 2000
I was required to read this book for a seminary class. Many people found the book to be amazing, and felt that it really strengthened them. Read morePublished on Sept. 9 1999
Look for similar items by category
- Books > Christian Books & Bibles > Christian Living > Discipleship
- Books > Christian Books & Bibles > Worship & Devotion > Devotionals
- Books > Christian Living Store > Spiritual Growth
- Books > Religion & Spirituality > New Age > Mental & Spiritual Healing
- Books > Religion & Spirituality > Spirituality


text:
The Leading eBooks Store Online
3,597,636 members ⚫ 1,163,417 ebooks
New to eBooks.com?Learn more
- Bestsellers - This Week
- Foreign Language Study
- Pets
- Bestsellers - Last 6 months
- Games
- Philosophy
- Archaeology
- Gardening
- Photography
- Architecture
- Graphic Books
- Poetry
- Art
- Health & Fitness
- Political Science
- Biography & Autobiography
- History
- Psychology & Psychiatry
- Body Mind & Spirit
- House & Home
- Reference
- Business & Economics
- Humor
- Religion
- Children's & Young Adult Fiction
- Juvenile Nonfiction
- Romance
- Computers
- Language Arts & Disciplines
- Science
- Crafts & Hobbies
- Law
- Science Fiction
- Current Events
- Literary Collections
- Self-Help
- Drama
- Literary Criticism
- Sex
- Education
- Literary Fiction
- Social Science
- The Environment
- Mathematics
- Sports & Recreation
- Family & Relationships
- Media
- Study Aids
- Fantasy
- Medical
- Technology
- Fiction
- Music
- Transportation
- Folklore & Mythology
- Nature
- Travel
- Food and Wine
- Performing Arts
- True Crime
- Foreign Language Books
Most popular at the top
The Two of UsSimon & Schuster UK 2015; US$ 13.00
If you loved One Day and The Rosie Project , you will fall head-over-heels for The Two of Us . Falling in love is the easy part. What matters most is what happens next... Fisher and Ivy have been an item for a whole nineteen days. And they just know they are meant to be together. The fact that they know little else about each other is a minor... more...
The Trouble with Henry and ZoeSimon & Schuster UK 2016; US$ 12.99 US$ 8.99
A heart-warming and funny novel�about love and the choices we make. How bad choices can lead to good things, and how life is never what you expect it to be. Perfect for fans of One Day and Me Before You , from the author of The Two of Us . � Henry and Zoe have more in common than they realise. For a start, they both have pasts they'd rather... more...
Risk Management for Computer SecurityElsevier Science 2005; US$ 54.95
The information systems security (InfoSec) profession remains one of the fastest growing professions in the world today. With the advent of the Internet and its use as a method of conducting business, even more emphasis is being placed on InfoSec. However, there is an expanded field of threats that must be addressed by today's InfoSec and information... more...
CITRIX ACCESS SUITE 4 ADVANCED CONCEPTS: THE OFFICIAL GUIDE, 2/EMcGraw-Hill Education 2006; US$ 64.99 US$ 53.29
Provides detailed and advanced configuration information for all Access Suite components Covers every installation option and provides in-depth technical information on custom installations Covers the implementation of all four database options: IBM, SQL Server, Oracle, and Access more...
Communicating for a ChangeThe Crown Publishing Group 2008; US$ 19.99
When You Talk, Are People Changed? Whether you speak from the pulpit, podium, or the front of a classroom, you don?t need much more than blank stares and faraway looks to tell you you?re not connecting. Take heart before your audience takes leave! You can convey your message in the powerful, life-changing way it deserves to be told. An insightful,... more...
Child poverty, evidence and policyPolicy Press 2011; US$ 39.95
The book provides an introduction for students and development professionals to mainstreaming children in international development and policy, focusing on children's 'voices' and childhood poverty, policy and practice. more...
Beyond the CoreOxbow Books 2011; US$ 40.00
This volume explores the idea of regionally-based archaeologies across the British Isles which are not necessarily defined by modern political boundaries or through comparisons with regions such as Wessex and Orkney. In the past these intensively studied areas have often been assumed to represent the 'typical' - other areas with apparently... more...
The Corporate Security Professional's Handbook on TerrorismElsevier Science 2007; US$ 61.95
The Corporate Security Professional's Handbook on Terrorism is a professional reference that clarifies the difference between terrorism against corporations and their assets, versus terrorism against government assets. It addresses the existing misconceptions regarding how terrorism does or does not affect corporations, and provides security professionals... more...
Seven Practices of Effective MinistryThe Crown Publishing Group 2008; US$ 19.99
There?s no scoreboard in the sanctuary, and the only plate is probably for the offering. But every church leader needs to know how to win, and every congregation needs to know when to cheer. This insightful book speaks to every church leader who yearns for a simpler, more effective approach to ministry. An engaging parable about one overwhelmed pastor... more...
Global Information WarfareCRC Press 2002; US$ 91.95
Like no other book before it, Global Information Warfare illustrates the relationships and interdependencies of business and national objectives, of companies and countries, and of their dependence on advances in technology. This book sheds light on the "Achilles heel" that these dependencies on advanced computing and information technologies create.... more...


text:
1 Introduction
[2] Mean global air temperature has increased approximately 0.74°C over the past 100 years (1906–2005) and is predicted to increase by 1.1°C to 6.4°C, between 1990 and 2100 [IPCC, 2007]. Climate change has strongly impacted both the water and carbon cycles, especially via processes involving evapotranspiration, which is a critical component of the water, energy, and carbon cycles [Jung et al., 2010]. At global scales, evapotranspiration levels are approximately 60%–65% of precipitation levels [Brutsaert, 2005]. In addition, evapotranspiration correlates strongly with net ecosystem production [Nemani et al., 2002].
[3] Numerous studies have recorded temporal variations in evapotranspiration at regional to continental scales, indicating significant decreasing trends of observed pan evaporation [Hobbins et al., 2004; Liu et al., 2004; Peterson et al., 1995; Roderick and Farquhar, 2002; van Heerwaarden et al., 2010; Yang and Yang, 2012] and estimated potential evapotranspiration during the past half-century [Chen et al., 2006; Yin et al., 2010]. However, large variations in estimates of land-surface evaporation obtained using different methodologies indicate that land evaporation contains large uncertainties [Mueller et al., 2011]. Fundamental questions regarding regional and global trends in evaporation (e.g., whether increasing or decreasing, and where and when such trends occur) are not fully resolved [Dolman and de Jeu, 2010]. For example, one study [Jung et al., 2010] found that actual evapotranspiration (ETa) in Asia had increased since 1998 whereas another study [Zeng et al., 2012] found a slight negative trend in this area during the same period.
[4] Future changes in regional and global climate will have notable potential impacts on the hydrologic cycle and will cause large uncertainties in future climate projections [Allen and Ingram, 2002; Arnell, 2011]. For example, Piao et al. [2010] predicted that future summertime warming rates will increase; such pronounced summer warming will inevitably enhance evapotranspiration, and increase the risk of agricultural water shortage in China. In addition, regional patterns of warming-induced changes in surface hydro-climatic conditions are complex and less certain than those for temperature [Milly et al., 2005].
[5] Although numerous studies have been conducted on spatiotemporal patterns of evapotranspiration, little is known about the magnitudes of such variations. In addition, few studies have considered the relationship between evapotranspiration and drought stress on the Tibetan Plateau. The Tibetan Plateau, which is the largest high-altitude land mass on earth, exhibits not only unique climatic features and physical environments, but is also extremely sensitive to global climate change [Zheng and Yao, 2006]. A rise in temperature of up to 0.3°C per decade has been recorded on the Tibetan Plateau over the past 50 years, and this increase is approximately three times the global rate of warming [Qiu, 2008]. The Tibetan plateau is also the "world water tower," and the land-ocean-atmosphere interactions associated with the plateau generate a profound impact on the global climate and environment [Xu et al., 2008]. Thus, it is vital to evaluate the variability in evapotranspiration and effective moisture (expressed as the ratio of ETa to reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo)) on the Tibetan Plateau. High (low) ETa/ETo ratios indicate low (high) drought stress on plants [Shinker and Bartlein, 2010]. Understanding the changes in evapotranspiration and their effects on drought is critical to predicting climate change impacts on vulnerable ecosystems and the water cycle.
[6] At present, measurements of evapotranspiration are scarce [Seneviratne et al., 2010], particularly in the Tibetan Plateau region. The Lund-Potsdam-Jena (LPJ) model combines terrestrial vegetation dynamics, and land-atmosphere carbon and water exchanges in a modular framework [Sitch et al., 2003]. This model simulates the coupled terrestrial carbon and water cycles, and is therefore well suited to investigating biosphere-hydrosphere interactions [Gerten et al., 2004]. It comprehensively assesses ecosystem dynamics as well as interactions and feedbacks involving eco-hydrological processes. Thus, the model has been widely used to assess the impacts of climate change on global or regional water and carbon cycles [Doherty et al., 2010; Kaplan et al., 2012; Mahecha et al., 2010; Morales et al., 2005; Tao and Zhang, 2011]. These previous studies indicate that the LPJ model aptly describes the terrestrial water cycle. Furthermore, dynamic vegetation models, including vegetation dynamics and biogeochemical processes, have supplied us with an effective approach to project transient responses of the ecosystem to rapid climate change [Bachelet et al., 2003; Cramer et al., 2001]. Therefore, the LPJ dynamic model has an advantage over hydrological models in aspect of the regulating role of vegetation on evapotranspiration changes in the future.
[7] In this study, the LPJ model was used to estimate the impact of climate change on the water budget of the Tibetan Plateau. The primary objective was to investigate evapotranspiration changes during the period 1981–2010 using observed meteorological data, and to simulate spatiotemporal variability in evapotranspiration and effective moisture during the period 2011–2100 based on predictions of a regional climate model (RCM). The results have important implications for the promotion of ecosystem water-conservation function, ensuring the safety of water resources and ecosystems, and developing adaptation strategies to protect ecosystems that are vulnerable to the impact of climate change.