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Pro C# 2010 and the .NET 4 Platform Paperback – May 14 2010
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About the Author
Andrew Troelsen is a partner, trainer, and consultant at Intertech Inc., and is a leading authority on both .NET and COM. His book Pro C# 2005 and the .NET 2.0 Platform won the prestigious 2003 Referenceware Excellence Award and is in its third edition. Also of note are his earlier five-star treatment of traditional COM in the bestselling Developer's Workshop to COM and ATL mirrored in his book, COM and .NET Interoperability, and his top-notch investigation of VB .NET in Visual Basic .NET and the .NET Platform: An Advanced Guide. Troelsen has a degree in mathematical linguistics and South Asian studies from the University of Minnesota, and is a frequent speaker at numerous .NET-related conferences. He currently lives in Minneapolis with his wife, Amanda, and spends his free time investigating .NET and waiting for the Wild to win the Stanley Cup. You can check out his blog at AndrewTroelsen.blogspot.com.
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Andrew takes you on the path that covers what the line of business software developer needs to know about the capabilities of .NET. The book begins with pertinent background information on the evolution of .NET, the Common Type System (CTS), the Common Language Runtime (CLR), and tools like ILDASM and Red-Gate's Reflector. Although not the most exiting reading if you are eager to start writing code, it is important for .NET developers to understand these concepts and tools.
Chapter 2 discusses the various tools (including Notepad++) that can be used to develop in C#. The majority of the readers will be using Visual Studio, but it's good to know (and call out) that you do not have to purchase anything to write C# applications!
Parts 2 and 3 take a deep dive into the C# language itself and along the way explains the pillars of Object Oriented Programming (OOP) and how to implement them in C# and .NET. This is extremely useful to the reader who does not have OOP experience, but is also useful to those coming from another OO language to learn the specifics in C#.
Andrew does a great job explaining the more advanced topics like Generics, Lambdas, Language Integrated Query (LINQ), Multi-Threading, and (recent additions to the framework) the Dynamic Language Runtime and Parallel Programming.
A chapter on Windows Workflow Foundation and Windows Communication Foundation provide a nice intro to those topics, three chapters on ADO.NET (including the new release of the Entity Framework), and whole sections devoted to Windows Presentation Foundation (used for Windows development) and ASP.NET (used web application development) are the core pieces required for standard line of business development.
I have two disappointments with the book, the first is that the ADO.NET chapters include samples for binding data to Windows Forms (WinForms) and not Windows Presentation Foundation. I firmly believe the future of Windows Client development is WPF (not WinForms), and Andrew echoes this by focusing on WPF in the rest of the text. In fact, WinForms is relegated to an Appendix.
My other disappointment is that the new ASP.NET MVC framework isn't discussed as an alternative to ASP.NET WebForms. There are plenty of books out there on MVC, but what I have really liked about these books is that they have presented all of the relevant options and left it up to the reader to decide which direction.
In summary, this book is massive (weighing in at over 1500 pages), and is still the single place to start learning .NET and C#. I have always used his books on the language to learn all the options available as a developer (and get a decent understanding of those topics), then picked up books that do a deep dive into the specifics (like Matthew McDonald's Pro WPF in C# 2010: Windows Presentation Foundation in .NET 4).
There arent many books that can be the "only" .NET book in your library, except this one. Every existing and new topic that is in the newest version of .NET 4.0 is covered.
This 5th edition continues this trend and it is obvious that a huge amount of work went into keeping this book up to date. Where advances in the framework or language allow. Many aspects of the latest language editions are given enough coverage as to be useful without overbearing the overall time. In addition the author provides a good explanation as to the background for some of the new language features
Troelsen covers just about everything you'd want to see in a book of this type, going into as much detail as he can on just about everything (he does gloss over some of the deprecated features, so those maintaining or porting legacy software may want to keep a copy of one of the older editions on hand as well). His chapters on the newer technologies to be found in .NET 4.0, such as Windows Presentation Foundation and Windows Communication Foundation, are especially impressive (and welcome), and are worth the price of admission alone.
I guarantee that if you read this book all the way through and take your time to understand its content (which is totally painless) you will have a quality foundation. It's true you can buy other books with more indepth content but these books will simply be more specialized and so cover a narrower subject framework.
The author gives a presentation of C# and then moves on to describing the features of the .NET framework from ADO.NET to ASP.NET.
ASP.NET and ADO.NET are given several strong chapters (including an excellent introduction to LINQ), and WCF and WF each get a good introductory chapter; WPF gets good (but admittedly not-comprehensive) coverage starting at XAML, proceeding to working with WPF Controls and ending at 2D graphics, resources and themes. Of course, Pro C# 2010 really shines in presenting the new C# .NET 4.0 additions, why they are there, and when to use them.
This is as close to a "bible" version of .NET as you can get. Buy it and you wont be dissapointed.
Hello, this is my book review for "Pro C# 2010 and the .NET 4 Platform.
Over the years, I have programmed in a wide variety of languages including C, C++,C#, VB.NET, Visual Basic, Java, Cobol, Pascal, Assembler etc.. For those of us programmers who use Microsoft .NET framework, it has been increasingly apparent to me that C# is positioned to be the dominant language in the .NET framework, at least for the foreseeable future. With that in mind, I think C# is the way to go at this point of time, if you program with Microsoft .NET framework technologies. This is readily apparent because most of the latest documentation and samples I have seen are written in C#, In some cases, you will see both languages (C# and VB.NET) with samples provided, but if only one language sample is provided, usually it is in C#.
I have always believed that computer programming is not "memorizing language syntax", because new languages and compilers are always on the horizon. It is more important to understand computer programming principles like object oriented programming and design, how variable scoping works, deployment issues etc., how to effectively analyze, test and debug solutions to given problems, algorithms etc... In general, knowing all the features of a given framework (whether it be .net framework, PHP or java based or what have you) is most important, because then you know about the feature and can implement a solution to solve your problem).
That being said, it is always important to read programming language documentation so you can get a solid understanding of the available features of a given language. This is where a book like "Pro C# 2010 and the .NET 4 platform" becomes invaluable.
This book is jam-packed full of information and totals about 1,700 pages!
The 1st part of the book deals with specific details about C# and shows concise, to the point examples of what the author is describing in the C# programming language. From the basics such as data types, variable scoping, iterators, language syntax, methods, constructors, the use of the static keyword to object oriented concepts (inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation). C# topics related to the .net framework such as garbage collection, exception handling, interfaces, generics, delegates, lambda expressions, events, anonymous methods,operator overloading are covered later on in the book as well. There are well over 500 pages that go into great detail about the programming language features built into C#. After that nice detailed look at the C# programming language, we get into more .net specific ideas that are necessary for the programmer to effectively make use of C# along with .NET FRAMEWORK version 4.0.
Concepts like .net assemblies (compiled units of work, similar in concept to a DLL, but with some major differences) and more advanced topics related to .net assemblies are detailed in its own chapter.
Reflection is covered also, which is a way of determining the attributes (including method names etc.) of your programming code at runtime.
.NET framework concepts such as the CLR (common language runtime, threading, parallel programming, asynchronous calls) are also covered in a nice level of detail.
Later sections of the book go into more specific ways of how to solve common programming problems with the C# language. For example, how to deal with I/O (streams, serialization) , how to connect to databases with ADO.NET, using newer technologies such as LINQ (language integrated query, a way of querying collections of data in a standard language constructs).
It then goes on to deal with WCF (soa architecture concepts), WF (windows workflow foundation), WPF (rich user desktop interfaces (check out the Zune software, which is WPF)).
Later chapters deal with the venerable ASP.NET platform, which is widely used for building websites such as e-commerce sites or business websites.
CONCLUSION: I do like this book immensely, it is a great addition to any programmers library, what I most like about the book is its treatment of the C# language itself, which is mostly what I was after in this book, I wanted to read more about all the nuts and bolts of the C# language, which evolves as each new version of the .net framework is released to production. While I have studied many C# programming books in the past, this is the first one I have gotten that deals with the new .net framework 4.0 (released around June 2010 timeframe). This could easily be a textbook in a C#/object oriented programming class, which is a compliment to its versatility and level of detail. No book can cover all the topics completely, for example, while the coverage of asp.net is quite extensive, I have read asp.net books that cover well into 1,000 pages alone. It does a good job like I said with those wanting to just become more proficient at learning the C# programming language in general.
One notable omission is the lack of much content about Silverlight, which is related to WPF, but more targeted to web based interfaces. I thought, why all this stuff about WPF, without hardly any content about Silverlight? However, with the book 1,700 pages + long, I can certainly understand that not everything under the sun is covered. Really, the title of the book is "Pro C# 2010 and the .NET 4 Platform" and it does cover just about everything about C# and using .NET FRAMEWORK 4.0, that an advanced programmer would need to know.
I do recommend this book and respect the enormous amount of work and time that the author put into creating it.
The book starts out by explaining the philosophy of .NET and how it is structured. Then it gives a brief overview of how to use Visual Studio 2010 and some of the new features of the IDE. It then covers an introduction to C# including types and programming constructs, exception handling, object oriented programming, generics and the lifetime of a .NET object. Next there are a few chapters which cover some of the advanced features of C# such as anonymous types, extension methods, pointer types, LINQ, lambdas, reflection, and also working with assemblies, processes and app domains. There is also an entire chapter on the new dynamic language runtime feature of .NET 4 which allows developers to easily call out to code written in dynamic languages on the .NET platform and also COM interop code.
A very important section is the introduction to Task Parallel Library (TPL) and multithreaded programming. TPL is a very good library which abstracts away a lot of the complexity of building multithreaded programs and makes a developers' job a lot easier. As hardware manufacturers add more and more cores to the processor, the only way to speed up your programs is to make them multithreaded.
This book contains three chapters on ADO.NET including how to connect to databases, querying databases and also working with the Entity framework. Another important and useful chapter is on the Windows Communication Foundation, which is used for building connected and service oriented applications.
There are also two parts on building user facing applications. One covers WPF (five chapters) and desktop development and another covers building web sites with ASP.NET. I've personally been using WPF for over a year and I think it is far superior to Windows Forms. WPF is growing in popularity and even the Windows Forms topic has been pushed into the appendix in this book.
What I really like about this book is that it covers pretty much every topic on .NET 4 and you can find any tool you need to build your applications. Therefore it makes an excellent reference book for when you need to lookup how to use some specific API. The only downside is that it can't cover everything in depth, but you can always find resources for some particular API.
Andrew W. Troelsen.
I did an extensive research before choosing this book, online in Amazon and physically at several bookstores. I also considered Wrox's Professional C# 4 and .NET 4, Wrox's Beginning Visual C# 2010, Murach's C# 2010, Microsoft's Visual C# 2010 Step by Step, and Deitel's C# 2010 for Programmers. While choosing a book really depends on each individual preference and learning style, I found that this particular book was better organized than the rest. The author guides you through a solid foundation of the core language before throwing the advanced topics such as delegates, interfaces, events, extension methods, lambdas and generics among many others. I noticed in the other books that these advanced topics were either thrown in too early or they were interspersed everywhere, making it more difficult -in my opinion- to really grasp the relevant core knowledge.
I consider myself a hobbyist and not a professional developer, and while the Pro title suggests that it's geared toward a professional audience, I found out that people like me can also take full advantage of the content of this book. It just requires more attention and trying not to skip the core C# material in the first two parts of this book. Having some programming experience does help, but the most important requirement is the desire to get under the hood of the .NET architecture using C# language as the tool.
I compare Andrew Troelsens's writing style to Stephen Prata's, the author of the exceptional C++ Primer Plus, in that he likes to go beyond explaining the obvious, bringing additional alternatives and ideas on the language use.
By the end of chapter 8 (out of the 34), I felt confident enough to start looking into other topics outside the scope of the book, such as XNA development, which really was what brought me to learn C# in the first place. Not that I put this book aside completely, but it was being used more as a reference. As a hobbyist, I can probably take some liberties in my language learning that maybe a professional developer can not, so I'm not necessarily suggesting anyone to follow what I did.
Pro C# 2010 and the .NET 4 Platform gives a very thorough treatment of the C# language and the .NET 4 framework. I highly recommend it as an essential part of your programming library.
For an additional fee and proof of purchase (in the form of an answer to random question about the hard copy book), you can obtain the PDF version at the Apress web site. You don't have to buy the hard copy book exclusively from Apress in order to take advantage of this physically relieving offer.
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Source: UNLV agrees to hire Marvin Menzies as new head coach
UNLV and New Mexico State coach Marvin Menzies have verbally agreed to deal, a source told ESPN. Menzies will replace Chris Beard, who left the Rebels just three weeks after being hired to take over at Texas Tech. While George Karl had been linked to the UNLV job, a source told ESPN that Karl is
Chris Beard hired by Texas Tech weeks after accepting UNLV job
Chris Beard was hired as the new head coach at Texas Tech on Friday, less than three weeks after accepting the same position at UNLV . Texas Tech announced the hiring Friday afternoon. Beard, who previously spent a decade as an assistant with the Red Raiders, has agreed to a five-year deal with
Texas Tech hires Chris Beard as new coach
Chris Beard, who secured the head-coaching job at UNLV less than a week ago, was hired to a five-year deal by Texas Tech on Friday, sources told ESPN's Jeff Goodman. Beard led Arkansas-Little Rock to the NCAA tournament and a first-round upset of Purdue this past season in his first year as a
Five Up, Five Down: Time to buy Virginia stock ... again
It has been a roller coaster of a season for Tony Bennett and the Virginia Cavaliers . First there was the loss in the second game of the season to George Washington. Then came 11 consecutive victories, a streak that included back-to-back wins against a highly ranked Villanova team and a talented
Five Up, Five Down: Time to buy Virginia stock...again
It has been a roller coaster of a season for Tony Bennett and the Virginia Cavaliers . First there was the loss in the second game of the season to George Washington. Then came 11 consecutive victories, a streak that included back-to-back wins against a highly ranked Villanova team and a talented
The Floor Is Yours: Is this parity or bad basketball?
After his Maryland squad suffered a 74-65 loss at Michigan State on Saturday, Mark Turgeon said something that summed up both the evening and the season. "I thought Michigan State was terrific tonight," he said of a Spartans team that had lost three games in a row entering the matchup. Tonight.
The Floor Is Yours: Big 12 matchup is worthy of March
The Big 12 refuses to wait for the Big Dance. Nah, the conference would rather waltz -- or dab on 'em, if you prefer -- now. Kansas and Oklahoma will joust in a Big Monday matchup (9 p.m. ET, ESPN) that should pit No. 1 vs. No. 2 in conference play for the first time since Wisconsin and Ohio State
The Floor Is Yours: Welcome to the year of the senior
For a moment, he froze. Most would in that situation. Duke Blue Devils forward Brandon Ingram , a freshman savant, found himself with the rock in his hands and the moment on his shoulders and every eye on his next steps at Madison Square Garden on Saturday afternoon. After he bumped Utah's Dakarai

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SUMMER SALE - On Now!
SUMMER SALE is on now in Prince Albert & Regina! Summer inventory has been marked down!
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- The North Face Aleutian sleeping bags 25% off
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Happy Canada Day!
Happy Canada Day everyone! We are so lucky to live in the most amazing country! Get out and enjoy the great outdoors! Both Prince Albert and Regina stores will be closed Canada Day. Click the photo to see our full holiday hours.
Fresh Air Experience Paddle Sports Demo Day - Christopher Lake
Want to try a new kayak, stand up paddle board or canoe? Here's your chance! We are hosting another paddle sports demo this Wednesday at Christopher Lake. Come visit us from 4:30-7:30pm at Spruce Point and try some new equipment! Click this link for a map to our demo location
|Wednesday, June 29th
Welcome to Fresh Air Experience
We are an outdoor sporting goods store that shares your passion for the outdoors! In the summer we specialize in kayaks, canoes, stand up paddle boards, bikes (in Prince Albert only), clothing and footwear! In the winter months we specialize in cross country skis, snowshoes, alpine skis, snowboards (in Prince Albert only), clothing and footwear! "Whatever your adventure...we know your gear!"
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A panda walks into a bar, sits down, and orders a sandwich. He eats, pulls out a gun, and shoots the waiter dead. As the panda stands up to go, the bartender shouts, "Hey! Where are you going? You just shot my waiter and you didn't pay for the food!" The panda yells back, "Hey man, I'm a panda. Look it up!" The bartender opens his dictionary to panda, "A tree climbing mammal of Asian origin, characterized by distinct black and white coloring. Eats, shoots, and leaves."
Two fish are in a tank. One turns to the other and says, "Hey, do you know how to drive this thing?"
Redhead: "You ever smelled moth balls?"
Blonde: "Yes, I think they smell good."
Redhead: "Wow, I can't believe you got your nose between those tiny legs."
A man needed a horse, so he went to a temple and got one. Before he left, the priest told him that it was a special horse. In order to make the horse go, you say, "Thank God," and for it to stop you say, "Amen." So the man left, and a few minutes later he dozed off on his horse. Hours later, he woke up and his horse was racing him towards the edge of a cliff. Just in time, he shouted "Amen!" and the horse stopped a few inches from the edge. "Whew," said the man, "thank God!"


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Mar 14, 1916
|Filing date
|Nov 12, 1913
|Priority date
|Nov 12, 1913
|Publication number
|Howard Simpson
|Original Assignee
|Andrew C Strickland, Ed Whitlock, Howard Simpson
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Referenced by (20), Classifications (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
APPLICATION HLED Nov.12. |913.
Patented Mar. 14, 1916.
.Jwardmpsam A TTURNE V5 Wl TNESSES:
1,175,312. Patented M... 14,1916.
'UNITEDSTATES PATENT on c.
HOWARD-SIMPSON, OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR F ONEFOURTH TO NDREW C. STRICKLAND ANDA OVNE-FOURLH T0 ED WHITLOCK.; BOTH OF RICHMOND, VIRv GINI'A.
' n Specification of Letters Patent,V4
.Application mea November 12,1913. serial iioaods'za.
Toall 'whom it may concern.:v
A siding at Richmond` in the county ofHenricol and State 'of Virginia, have invented a new and Improved Truck, of which the followingis a specification.
My invention, vwhich generally relates to improvements in trucks, 1s more specifically designed for'handling heavy barrels, hogsheadsfand the like, and it 'primarily hasfor its object toprovide a truck of the general .character stated, of av simple and economi- Cal construction, that can be conveniently handled and which effectively serves its intended purposes.
Another object ofmy' invention" is to provide an improved construction of truck of the low down type having the parts cooperatively ',sgarran'ged whereby a heavy barr'feior hgshead can be readily rolled,
'sidvvise, onto 'the track and then conveyed by a ingleperson Vto the desired point of A furthe'rfobje'etof my invention is vto provide a .low 'down truck composed of a rigid frame mounted on'wheelsand including a front or caster ,wheel section so ar-V l ceiving-or delivering the load.
l front and thus permit of1 pulling the truck' Again, my invention has for its object to provideva simple form olf lowdown truck,
the several parts ofwhich are adapted for carrying the hogs'heads,large barrels or the like,'le'ngthwise, that is with either end in with its load through spaces where it is im possible to pass with the load held transversely upon the truck. l
With other objects in view that will hereinafter appear, my inventionconsists in a low down truck embodyingV the peculiar construction and novel arrangement "of the parts hereinafter fully described, specifij cally pointed out the appended claims f Be itknown that I, Howano SIMPSON, re-
andjillustrated ,in the accompanying drawings, in which:-
Figure '1 is a perspective view of a pre- .I
ferred form of-my..improved construction of low down truck,'the saine being shown truck shownrin Fig. l. Fig. 6 is ajcross'section of the front end of the four wheeled' type of truck shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a` transverse .section of the main or body part of the truckon the line 7-7' on Fig. l.
Fig. 8 is a detail perspective view ofthe rear A end of the truck with the foot lever brake included.A Fig. 9 is. a. "sectio n on the line l 9--9 on'Fig. 8. l
In the p actical construction, the main frame or ody portion of my improved truck, is made rigid,- and comprises the op-,
posite sidle, portions 1,'4 each-of which iscom-v posed of 2a pair of longitudinal angle bers 2, so suspended with respect .to Ythe traveler wheels, that their 'lower-.edgcs'are practically on .the floor line, they being, in practice, but
At'the rear end, the side members or barsv 2 are underhimgv from therear axle 3,'the
latter being fixedly held asat f, on` theY side bars 242, the wheels being mounted on roller or ball bearings 6- -6 and held to their bearings by setcollars 7 7, as shown.
Hanging thev main frame from'the back axle, nsrystated and shown, admits :of using carrier wheels 4, of large diameter'fand thereby make the truck r'ui'iv easierV than is possiblewith wheels of smaller diameter.v
IOdesignates an angle 'bar that extends across the rearl end of the mainfxzamegjust in advanceof vthe'back axle, and the verticalA member 71 of` the said b ar extends Abeyond thev said side-bars 2f-2 of thel ina-in frame -and is normally held so'thet the outer ends 72 of the member project in front of the ator at the rear end. of the machine can' readily hold the truck from running too fast by simply pressing down on the foot lever 9 to cause the ends 72 of the member 71 to engage the rearu'wheels 1*4.'
12-12 designate a pairof cross bars, that form a part of the truck frame, and which form the seat or bed members on which the hogshead or barrel `rests when roll'ed onto the truck. While I have shown but two of the bars 12, a greater number may be used, if desired. Each bar 12, midway its length, is dished to form a. curved seat or bed for holding the barrel from freely rolling side# wise otl the truck. The opposite ends of the bars 12 are mounted upon and-riveted tothe side bars 2-2 and said ends, which project beyond the said side bars 2, are curved downwardly to a point in line with the bottom edge of the lside bars 2 and then horizont-ally outwardly to form penetrating or toe portions 13, the construction of the ends of the bars 12 being designed for being readily projected under the hogshead when it is desired to load the same onto the truck, and to 'facilitate' the rolling of the hogshead onto the body. proper of the truck, the ends or toe portions of the bars have pointed prongs 14, as shown. Furthermore, the projected ends of the cross bars 12 act as inclined ways when rolling the hogshead onto the truck and hence the hogshead can be readily rolled to cause it to ride over o'nto the main frame. i
In the most complete and preferred form of my improved truck, the same'has four wheels, one at each cornefr of'the ltruck to properly balance the load and overcome the tendency of the heavy load tipping the truck at the sides or corners.
When the truck is arranged las a four wheeled truck, the front caster wheels and the supporting or head frame therefor are land underside. of the cross beam 15.
A caster wheell-S is mounted on eachiend of the cross beam v15 and the Shanks 16a of the said wheels 18 extend abovefthesaid beam and each connects withjalcrank arm 18a. .i 4
19 designates a link bar pivotally connected at the ends to thecrankarms 18a- By reason of mounting the front casterL wheels in the manner shown and described, it is obvious that by grasping the tongue, the truck can be readily pulled along with the load, as desired.y andfsinc'e the two caster wheels are joined by the crank and link mechanism described and sh0wn,'it follows that the front end of the truck vcan'be easily turned in almost anydi'rection and as the' two wheels constantly lmove together there is practically no drag strain on'the operatorwhen making the necessary turns.
By having four wheels, one at each corner, a truck of greatstability is provided, there being no danger in tipping the corners. o
Instead of providing two front or caster wheels, as shown' in Fig. 1, only a, single front caster wheel ty be used, as shdwn in Fig. 2,' by referente to which it will beA noticed that shank2l-0 the` wheel 25 that passes up: through the cross beam' 15 connects directly with the` tongue. Inl this latter form, instead of using the wooden cross beam 15 and the end blocks, as shown in Fi 'gd-.2, the single caster wheel connection with the main frame may be allof metal,
as shown in Fig. 3 which illustrates the said connection in the nature of a yoke member 26, the central portion 27 of which forms the bearing for the wheel shank 24. The end portions of lthe said yoke member arevbent f downwardly lfrom the central member 27 \and then terininate inhorizontal ends 28 adapted to fit within the recesses 29 formed i between the projected front ends 2a of- `the side bars 2 to which the said ends.28 securely bolted, as shown. 1
From the foregoing descriptiomvtaken in connection with thedrawings, thecomplete construction, the manner of operation and the advantages of' my improved truckwill be readily apparent.
By reason of mounting the. front lor caster wheels and connecting the same with the main frame, as shown and4 described, the
.iront or caster wheelsat `all times remain in line with thetongue, the attachment of les the'latter permitting the carrying of the latter from one 'direction over the truck front to the opposite direction 'without moving the said front or caster Wheels. This wide range of motion of the tongue is of importance since it permits of handling the truck in very close places to either receive or deliver the load.
l1. In a truck, a main frame composed of sides, each formed of a pair of spaced angle irons, axle clamps mounted on the rear ends of each pair of said angle irons, a rear wheel axle held in the said clamps, cross barsY mounted upon and secured to the side bars whose ends project beyond the side bars and are bent down to form horizontal members, a cross member located adjacent the rear axle wheels and having its ends projected over the saidl wheels for moving into engagement therewith, `said cross member being hingedly connected to the angle irons of the side bars of the frame, a lever secured to the said hingedcr'oss bar and projected rearwardly over the rear axle, means for holding the cross bar and lever up to their normal position, and aicaster wheel connected with the front end ofthe side bars of the main frame.
2. In a truck, .,a main frame composed of sides, each formed of a pair of spaced angle irons', axle clamps mounted on the rear ends of each pair of said angle irons, a rear axle held in said clamps and Wheels mounted on said axle, cross bars mounted upon and se cured to saidside bars, the ends of said cross bars projecting beyond the side bars and bent downwardly to form horizontal members, prongs carried by the ends of said cross bars and a caster wheel connected with the front end of said side bars of the main frame.
3. In a truck, a main frame composed of sides, each formed of a pair of spaced angle irons, axle clamps mounted on the rear ends of each pair of angle irons, the rear Wheel carrying axle held in the said clamps, cross bars mounted on the side bars whose ends project beyond the said side bars and are bent down to form horizontal members, a
cross member located adjacent the rear axle wheel and having the ends projected `over the wheels to move into engagement there'f with, said cross member being hingedly connected to the said bars of the frame, a lever secured to the said hinged cross bar and projected rearwardly overthe rearv axle, and
a caster wheel carryingfframe connected ends extend beyond the saidl side bars and.
curve downwardly and outwardly, a front' frame comprising members fixedly connect edito the front ends of the side bars of the` main` frame, a caster wheel supported bythe said members whose shank extends above the said members and a draft ton le hingedly 1ponnected to the upper end o 'thel said s an 5. In a truck, the combination with the rear wheel carrying axle and the main' frame pendently supported at its rear end from the said axle, the said main frame comprising sides each formed of a pair of spaced angle.4l irons, at least one cross bai' mounted and secured upon the said angle bars land-,havin the ends curved downwardly and projecte rearwardi-y from the said bars, a front caster,
wheel carrying frame consisting'oa yoke` member having a central bearing portion and bifurcated ends theV said ends being curved downwardly and terminating in horizontal members thatv extend `between they front ends of the angle bars of the' side of the main frame, means forsecuringl the said.'` ends to the said angle bars, a' caster. wheel, whose shank is journaled in the central bear-f i ing portion 'of the yoke member, and a draft tongue hingedly'connected with the'uppe'r,
end of the said shank. v l
HOWARD sIMi'soNf" Witnesses:- l i i MORTEN'S THALLIANER,
HERBERT C. Hom)`
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 14, 1949
|Jul 15, 1952
|Olin Mathieson
|Tank trailer for transporting gases
|Jan 8, 1953
|Jan 10, 1956
|Seek Joseph P
|Wheel carrier for tank type vacuum cleaners
|Jul 16, 1954
|Jan 21, 1958
|North American Aviation Inc
|Engine trailer steering means
|Jan 16, 1958
|Oct 24, 1961
|Cole Clyde C
|Sep 27, 1960
|Mar 27, 1962
|Shepard Co Lewis
|Nesting platform trucks
|Jul 25, 1979
|May 26, 1981
|Gray Manufacturing Company, Inc.
|Swivel lock and tow bar assembly for four-wheel caster jack assembly
|Mar 27, 1979
|Jul 7, 1981
|Shay Robert W
|Moving dolly
|Dec 19, 1979
|Dec 28, 1982
|Mehki Larry L
|Freight securing apparatus
|Jan 24, 1985
|Feb 10, 1987
|Hewitt Timothy W
|Wheeled pallet
|Mar 9, 1987
|Apr 26, 1988
|Mayle Steven R
|Apparatus for lifting and carrying heavy loads
|Mar 1, 1988
|Aug 8, 1989
|Mayle Steven R
|Lifting and carrying heavy loads
|Feb 3, 1988
|Aug 29, 1989
|Mayle Steven R
|Apparatus for lifting and carrying heavy loads
|Feb 2, 1990
|Sep 25, 1990
|Cole Millard S
|Multi-purpose speed-away toy coaster vehicle and method therefor
|May 4, 1992
|Jun 15, 1993
|Woelfel Lawrence L
|Mobile support device for concrete-spreading hoses
|Aug 21, 2001
|May 14, 2002
|Joseph P. Calender
|Dolly for large appliances
|Oct 10, 2003
|May 15, 2007
|Mattel, Inc.
|Steering column retainers for children's ride-on vehicles
|Aug 3, 2011
|Jul 1, 2014
|Robert Devine
|Utility truck base reinforcement and method of manufacture
|Oct 10, 2003
|Apr 14, 2005
|Damon Daniel J.
|Steering column retainers for children's ride-on vehicles
|Feb 9, 2012
|Robert Devine
|Utility truck base reinforcement and method of manufacture
|Mar 8, 1988
|Sep 22, 1988
|Mayle Steven R
|Improvements in an apparatus for lifting and carrying heavy loads
|U.S. Classification
|280/47.34, 280/79.11, 280/103, 280/47.11, 280/87.1
|Cooperative Classification


text:
Vendor News
Our Vendor News offers news and announcements about vendors in the Chemical Processing industry.
Economic Snapshot
Our Ecomonic Snapshot offers news about the world economic atomsphere and how it may affect your bottom line.
Industry News
Honeywell Design Challenge Rewards Brazilian Students
University of Sao Paulo project demonstrates how to remove toxic compounds from contaminated water.06/29/2015
Omega Debuts Technical Learning Online
Omega will share technical information online through the Technical Learning section at Omega.com.06/24/2015
ABB Analytical Systems Integration Facility Serves Gulf Region
New 40,000-square-foot facility opens in Houston, Texas.06/22/2015
Video Shows GE Chemistry In Use At AmSty
GE releases a video documenting the use of the company's chemistry, process inhibitors, cooling solutions and TrueSense continuous monitoring at the Americas Styrenics (AmSty) plant in Louisiana.06/16/2015
EFCE Bestows Thermodynamics Award
Researcher wins for developing model for electrolyte-containing solutions06/11/2015
Acquisition Bolsters Emerson's Oil And Gas Business
Emerson acquires Energy Solutions International Holdings, Inc. (ESI), a global supplier of decision support software and services.06/10/2015
Yokogawa Names Duncan CEO
Yokogawa Corporation of America names Daniel L. Duncan president and chief executive officer of Yokogawa's North American operations.05/26/2015
Endress+Hauser, Rockwell Automation Invest In Purdue Lab
The Purdue Integrated Process Education System (PIPES) laboratory opens at Purdue University.05/13/2015
Honeywell Launches Cybersecurity Digital Dashboard
Honeywell Process Solutions launches a digital dashboard designed to proactively monitor, measure and manage cybersecurity risk for control systems for refineries, power plants and other automated production sites at increasing risk of cyber attacks.05/04/2015
ISA Participates In FIRST Championship
Event celebrates young people's interest in science and technology.05/01/2015
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European groups aims to recognize people in two specialties05/01/2015
Rivera Assumes Leadership Of CSIA
The Control System Integrators Association names José M. Rivera as CEO.04/08/2015
Center For Operator Performance Studies Display Color
Researchers undertake the first comprehensive, controlled study of display color in process industries.04/08/2015
Mettler Toledo Receives Innovation Award For TDL Analyzers
Mettler Toledo's GPro 500 TDL series receives the 2014 Global Frost & Sullivan Award for Competitive Strategy Innovation & Leadership.03/31/2015
ABB Breaks Ground On Louisiana Factory
New 75,000-square-foot facility will manufacture industrial level measurement devices.03/17/2015
Report Examines Competitive Energy Cost Savings For U.S. Manufacturers
A research abstract available from J.T. Gabrielsen Consulting provides estimates of the energy cost savings advantage per sale dollar for U.S. chemical product manufacturers compared to Europe and Asia-Pacific for the four major energy types: electricity, natural gas, oil and coal.03/03/2015
Global Survey Shows Increase In Chemicals M&A Value
Global chemicals M&A deal value grew by 13% in 2014 and is expected to experience an increase in 2015.02/27/2015
High-Tech Workers Abound In California, Less So Across U.S.
The state boasts one of the nation's largest concentrations of "advanced industry workers."02/27/2015
Chemical Activity Barometer Shows Slight Decline
The Chemical Activity Barometer dipped 0.2% this month, following a 0.3% gain in January, as measured on a three-month moving average.02/26/2015
Confidence Remains High For Equipment Leasing And Finance Industry
The Equipment Leasing & Finance Foundation released the February 2015 Monthly Confidence Index for the Equipment Finance Industry (MCI-EFI).02/23/2015


text:
Computational models of perirhinal cortex function
Version of Record online: 14 SEP 2012
DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22064
Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Special Issue: Perirhinal Cortex: At the Crossroads of Memory and Perception
Volume 22, Issue 10, pages 1952–1964, October 2012
Additional Information
How to Cite
Cowell, R. A. (2012), Computational models of perirhinal cortex function. Hippocampus, 22: 1952–1964. doi: 10.1002/hipo.22064
Publication History
- Issue online: 14 SEP 2012
- Version of Record online: 14 SEP 2012
- Manuscript Accepted: 26 JUL 2012
- Manuscript Received: 1 JUN 2012
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
- computational model;
- perirhinal cortex;
- familiarity;
- visual discrimination;
- recognition memory
I review seven models of the contribution of perirhinal cortex (PRC) or neighboring neocortical regions to cognition. Five of the models address recognition memory function (Sohal and Hasselmo (2000) Network 11:169-190; Bogacz et al. (2001) J Comput Neurosci 10:5-23; Bogacz and Brown (2003a) Neurocomputing 52:1-6; Norman and O'Reilly (2003) Psychol Rev 110:611-646; Cowell et al. (2006) J Neurosci 26:12186-12197) and two account for the role of PRC in visual discrimination learning (Bussey and Saksida (2002) Eur J Neurosci 15:355-364; Cowell et al. (2010b) J Cogn Neurosci 22:2460-2479). The models span a range of biological scales and target a variety of datasets, such that like for like comparison between them is not always possible. I lay out a novel framework for facilitating comparison by defining some general abstract principles concerning the organization of cognition in the brain about which all of the models make a statement. The controversies that are revealed by scrutinizing the models within this framework highlight the fundamental questions that remain to be answered by future research. Ultimately, it is by combining these disparate accounts to build a unified model that bridges several levels of biological scale and accounts for multiple psychological phenomena that a full account of PRC function will be achieved. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


text:
You have searched for: Sardar Singh Agre
- Infographic: Happy Birthday, Sardar Singh
Considered face of Indian hockey for long, Sardar became the youngest player to captain the Indian team when he led the side at the 2008 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup.
- Sardar Pyara Singh Chugh
Left Hevenly abode on 5th march 2016. ANTIM ARDAS forthe departed soul will be held on 10th of March. GURUDWARA SRI GURU SINGH SABHA Station Road Bhandup (W) Mumbai-400078 from 6:00 pm to 7:00 pm. Deeply mourned by: Jatinderpal Singh & Balvinder Singh CHUGH FAMILY
7th Death Anniversary In Fond & Loving Memory of Our Beloved SARDAR HARBANS SINGH SEHGAL. We Remember you every moment of the day and always. Sehgal Family, Pots & Pans.
- Harassment: Clean chit for Sardar Singh
The special investigation team (SIT) probing the allegations of sexual harassment against Indian hockey team skipper Sardar Singh has given a clean chit to him stating that the "charges were wrong".
- Sardar Avtar Singh
As is the Hukam of Your Command, so do things happen.Wherever You keep me, there I go and standSardar Avtar Singh(Retd Chairman C.B.D.T)13th November 1922Antim ArdasAntim Ardas will be held at Pahariwala Gurudwara, Greater Kailash - 1Shabad Kirtan - Friday, March 4th 2016, 4pm to 5pmSardarni Gurcharan KaurDeepinder Singh Kalra & Mandish KaurAnchit & Ramnik KohliPaavni & Sanjum KohliHarjaap, Gunvir and JasmehParaminder Singh Kalra & Tripat KaurHarveer & Meher KalraBikramjit & Malvika KalraRajveer, Jai and Sif
- Sardar Balwant Singh
Sardar Balwant Singh, passed away peacefully on the 18th of February 2016. He will always be remembered by his family and all the hearts he touched during his life. May his soul rest in peace and thoughts of him continue to inspire those around him. Antim Ardaas will be held at DLF Phase-1 Gurudwara at 16:00 to 17:00 on22nd of February 2016. Beloved husband of Harmohinder Kaur. Loving father of, Swarnjit & Simmy, Surinder & Joginder, Rajinder, Narinder & Tarsem and Bhupinder. Cherished Grandfather of Simrat & Neshant, Harleen and Mandeep, Mandeep Piyush & Pranaya, Sundeep, Harsh Raman, Gurkaran, Swaneet & Rishika, Sahiba and Tarannum.
- DCW, Hockey India spar on Sardar Singh case
New Delhi, Jun 29 () Taking strong exception to Hockey India's (HI) response in an alleged sexual assault case against Indian captain Sardar Singh, the Delhi Commission for Women has accused the federation of making "defamatory allegations and remarks" against the statutory body.
- DCW, Hockey India spar on Sardar Singh case
New Delhi, Jun 29 () Taking strong exception to Hockey India's (HI) response in an alleged sexual assault case against Indian captain Sardar Singh, the Delhi Commission for Women has accused the federation of making "defamatory allegations and remarks" against the statutory body.
SAD DEMISE SARDAR INDERJIT SINGH KOHLI Left for heavenly abode on Monday 8th Feb. 2016. Cremation at Kalpalli (Cox Town) on Tuesday 9/02/16 at 11 a.m. BHOG and Antim Ardas at Gurudwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha, Ulsoor), Bangalore on Saturday 13/02/16 between 10 am - 11 am, followed by Guru Ka Langar. Deeply Mourned by Children and Grand Children Contact: 9341328602 / 9844028602
- Sardar Keval Singh
Commandant(Retd) APSP10th AnniversaryDad, you held us when we cried, Corrected us when we made mistakes, Celebrated in our success, Encouraged when we stumbled . Always and optimist, humble and magnanimous. We miss you every moment. Your Loving Family - 04023743037 / 9848083255
- Will not give in to blackmail: Sardar Singh
Captain of Indian hockey team, Sardar Singh presents his side of the story, as allegations of sexual harassment are levelled against him by a British hockey player of Indian origin.
- Sh. Sardar Surinder Singh
Second Anniversary In Loving RemembranceSh. Sardar Surinder Singh(08.01.2014)Your love is alive in our heart. Pray for peace for divine soul. Remembered by: Manik Singh Arora
- Sardar Harbhajan Singh Grewal
FIRST BARSI In loving memory of Sardar Harbhajan Singh Grewal, (IPS Retd.) Kirtan and Ardas followed Guru Ka Langar for the peace of the departed soul will be held from 11.30 AM to 12.30 PM on Saturday, the 9th January, 2016 at Gurudwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha, H-Block, DLF City, Phase-1, Gurgaon. Paramjit Singh Grewal & Amarjit (Son & Daughter-in-Law) Premdeep & Maj. R.S. Bhinder (Retd.) (Daughter & Son-in-Law) Kanwaldeep & Col. Bhup Raj Singh (Retd.) (Daughter & Son-in-Law) Sweety & Jaideep Nakai (Daughter & Son-in-Law) Nikita & Kuljeet, Parvesh, Aafreen Grand Children Karan, Rajdeep, Sukhdeep & Jasneil Grand Children Zoya Great Grandchild Mobile : 9999602483, 9871287029
- Sardar Harbans Singh
ANTIM ARDASSardar Harbans SinghRandhawa, Joint Director (Retd.) ONGC, left for his heavenly abode on 29 Dec'15.Bhog of Shri Akhand Path Saheb and last prayer in his memory will be held atA-163, Anandbaug Society, Sussen Tarsali Road,Tarsali, Vadodara - 390009on 4th Jan'16 from 12:00 noon - 01:00 pmAll are requested to join the prayer for the departed soulIn Deep SorrowAmrik Kaur & Daisy, Vikas, Tegh, Khushi Randhawa, Marwaha, Sarao, Sandhu, Ghuman & Bawaskar Family
- Sardar Harbhagat Singh Ji Sandhar
In Loving Memory16th March 1916 - 5th March 2014Your blessings will always be a pillar of strength and unity within our family, It's been Two years today and we continue to be guided by your inspiration, walking in your footsteps day by dayFondly Remembered by:Wife: Sardarni Jetender Pal SandharSons / Daughter-in-Laws, Daughters / Son-in-LawsGrand ChildrenSandhar House, B-40, Inderpuri, New Delhi - 110012


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People sellin' the winners tomarrow to pay taxes later!See ya' tomarrow!!!!!!!!APCO holds up in down markets quite often.I offered!
In my limited time on the market I have learnedthat sometimes good PR is a bad thing. I bought thisstock b/c of the FACTS put forth by Henry, pdlenteretc. But, this last P.R. by geer that spiked the pricealso brought with it the pieces of poopoo trying toshort the stock (and it worked to a small degree) bysaturating the message board with crap. But to all yourockies like me just keep the faith with credible sourcesthat post facts not doom and gloom.
I was lucky enough to get in along time ago, so abit of a sell off just takes the froth off the top ofmy gains. Actually, it will be nice when we are backto 20K share days and we can discuss the merits ofthis stock without the rowdy bunch about.
See ya' in the morn'!!!!!!!!!!
So which of you suckers are buying MORE at theopen because I'll be right there to borrowthem!Thanks ahead of time!So what is the newtechnology that everyone is clammering forhere?OOOHHHHHHH!!!! WINE!!??Come on....Everyone doesthat....I hate to see anyone lose money but you clowns needto grow up.


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There is no wholly secure space. I listened with intent and many expectations. Her voice kissed with a bang the start of my labyrinth journey. She told me not to count time when looking down. Watch the parade of ghostly floats.
Her voice
blessed me
bon voyage
On the main street of all I am in this time and space. I stood flag in hand waiting to cheer on the parade. The dizzy warmth of the sun seeped into my pores; it had to know I was nervous. Immediately I felt calm, ready and more importantly in the home of my make believe.
I knew without looking up, each float would hold the image I had always wanted to see, to live. And I was ready, really ready to see one float in particular; the one carrying my Father and me. I was ready, really ready to see my Father weep. I was ready, really ready to hear my Father's words. I am ready, really ready to feel my Father holding me.
Even if only
in my make believe
down place
where ghostly floats
the images of
how I imagined
it would have been.


text:
The Global Economy's Hesitation Blues
Robert J. Shiller examines the factors leading people to postpone spending and investment.Ralph Orlowski/Getty Images
Economic slowdowns can often be characterized as periods of hesitation: consumers hesitate to buy a new house or car, thinking that the old house or car will do just fine for a while longer. Viewed from this perspective, how worried should we be about the effects of hesitation today? READ MORE


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1 Review
I have Bon Appetit subscription and I saw this recipe there, I loved to see it here so I could have an idea of nutrition facts. However this dessert wasn't a hit at my Christmas party. I think it is for people who don't really like very sweet desserts. Something missing there, or maybe I should just stick with either the traditional tiramisu or a traditional pumpkin pie. I had so much leftover that I ended up throwing away (hard to believe). Very easy to make and pretty presentation - unfortunately no a winner.


text: The Situation's Best Moments From Week Two of Dancing With the StarsWhitney Jefferson9/28/10 1:30pmFiled to: Dancing With the Starsthe situationJersey ShoreTVDWTSMike sorrentinoDancingVideo24EditInvite manuallyPromoteDismissUndismissHideShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink How did Mike "The Situation" Sorrentino do on his first "real" performance on Dancing With the Stars? We rounded up all of the best parts for you (because nobody should have to sit through two whole hours of celebrity dancing!)Last week, he was told that he "had the guns but not the ammunition." This week wasn't too much better. Here's why: The Situation wants to "dance to something new" and luckily, was assigned the quick-step.Bad news: The Situation doesn't like Brian Steltzer Orchestra.The Situation "will dance to club, dance to pop, dance to hip hop" but "doesn't even know what that genre that is."The Situation really messed up the timing of that inaugural dance whistle.Bruno could tell that The Situation "is actually a very very nice guy" because he could tell he "wanted it so badly."Carrie Ann appreciates the lack of a fist bump but feels The Situation needs to "bust out an iPod" to learn some kind of musicality."We learned that The Situation wears a size 11 shoe as Carrie Ann suggests that he has pigeon toes.The Situation scored an 18 (out of 30.)The Situation's friends at the Jersey Shore were impressed with his dance last week.In the end, The Situation "Just really wants to nail one." Advertisement Dramatic swipes added between clips for your entertainment.Reply24 repliesLeave a reply


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Aug 6, 1974
|Filing date
|Mar 5, 1973
|Priority date
|Mar 5, 1973
|Publication number
|Hulshizer S
|Original Assignee
|Hulshizer S
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (3), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (10), Classifications (12)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
United States Patent 1 Hulshizer [111 3,828,224 [451 Aug. 6, 1974 SWITCH WITH RECEPTACLE AND SWITCH SHUNT MEANS [76] Inventor: Stephen J. Hulshizer, 14 Cedar Hill Rd., Lansdale, Pa. 19440 [22] Filed: Mar. 5, I973 [21] Appl. No.: 337,831
[52] US. Cl 317/112, 200/51 R, 317/99 [51] Int. Cl. H02b 1/04 [58] Field of Search 200/51 R, 51.1, 38 FA,
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,523,212 8/1970 Murphy zoo/51.1 3,728,500 4/1973 Ingram 200/38 FB 3,743,891 7/1973 BuXton 317/112 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Arrow-Hart Product Bulletin No. 7, 1965, Caps and Connectors, by Lew Smith, A909-G4849.
Primary ExaminerJames R. Scott Assistant Examiner Gerald P. Tolin [57] ABSTRACT 14 Claims, 18 Drawing Figures PATENTEmus 5 m4 sum 2 OF 3 J'IIIIIIIIII' Flt-3.10
Flall SWITCH WITH RECEPTACLE AND SWITCH SHUNT MEANS This invention relates to electrical circuitry and to apparatus and articles which are or can be connected as a system into the circuitry. More particularly, the invention is concerned with household circuits used for lighting and appliances.
All modern homes have more or less extensive wiring circuits which include wall switches and also wall receptacles into which floor lamps and a wide variety of appliances may be plugged to receive electrical energy. The wall switches usually supply electricity to ceiling lights, basement lights, outdoor lights, or wall receptacles. Most wall receptalces are permanently connected to the incoming electrical supply with the intention that the light, radio, television, etc., have its own switch. Into these live receptacles may also be plugged small appliances such as toasters, small ovens, percolators, and the like.
There is now available a so-called dimmer switch which replaces the ordinary on-off switch in a wall switch box. As this dimmer switch is permanently installed in its wall box, it can be used only to dim the ceiling light connected to it, or, if the dimmer switch is connected to a wall receptacle, it will control only a floor light plugged into that particular receptacle.
Also, there is now available a timer-switch which has prongs that directly plug into a wall receptacle or has an extension cord that is to be plugged into a wall receptacle. In this way, it receives electricity to run an enclosed clock and operate an enclosed switch which can be pre-set for a timed on-and-off interval. This switch is connected to an outlet receptacle which is a part of the timer casing or it is connected to an electrical wire which terminates in a socket into which a floor light, for example, may be plugged.
These past circuits and units have lacked the versatil ity of application which many persons have wanted. For instance, many persons have wished that they had a set-up which would make it possible to turn on and off an outside light at present times. The present day, permanent wiring in a house, makes it impossible to insert a timer in its outside light circuit unless an extensive and expensive rewiring job is done. This is true, also, of ceiling lights as they are always permanently wired to a wall switch and to cut into the circuit to insert a timer would involve a radical and expensive wiring rearrangement.
This same complexity applies to the installation of a dimmer switch in a ceiling light circuit as the present day permanent wiring requires thatthe light switch box be entered so that the ordinary switch can be removed and be replaced with a dimmer switch. Once this changeover is made, it is hardly likely that the dimmer switch will be removed if it is desired that that dimmer switch be installed in the circuit for another light.
The present invention involves a combination switch and outlet receptacle unit or system which can be installed in the ordinary wall box as a replacement for the usual switch in that same box. The installation is a simple one as the same incoming black and white wires are used and the same outgoing black and white wires are used. The switch of the novel combination switch and outlet receptacle functions in the same manner as that of the switch it replaces. The outlet receptacle ofthis novel combination unit can be utilized as a power source in the usual manner such as to operate a radio or clock. The important feature of this novel combination unit or system is that a portable timer switch or a portable dimmer switch can be plugged into it to selectively supply electricity to the wires leading out of the wall box.
The invention will be clarified by reference to the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a front view of the combination switch and outlet receptacle unit and an attached cover plate,
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1 on the line 2-2 so that the upper portion is in elevation and the lower portion is in section, the outline of a conventional wall box being indicated in dotted lines,
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view on the line 3-3 of FIG. 1, the cover plate being omitted,
FIG. 4 is a rear side view of FIG. 2 as indicated by the line 4--4,
FIG. 5 is a schematic wiring diagram showing how the combination unit of the invention is connected into a home electrical circuit,
FIG. 6 is a rear view of a dimmer switch,
FIG. 7 is a sectional view on the line 77 of FIG. 6,
FIG. 8 is a rear view of a timer switch, a lower portion being broken away to show the integral outlet receptacle, and internal elements shown in symbolic form,
FIG. 9 is sectional view on the line 9--9 of FIG. 8, elements therein also being shown in symbolic form,
FIG. 9a is a fractional view on the line 9a9a of FIG.
FIG. 10 is a detailed view of an alternative wiring for the devices of FIGS. 6, 7, 8, and 9,
FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a duplex adapter,
FIG. 12 is a front elevational view of an alternative arrangement of the switch and outlet receptacle of the invention,
FIG. 13 is a plan view of FIG. 12,
FIGS. 14, 15, and 16 are illustrative showings of alternative slot openings in the outlet receptacle, and
FIG. 14a is a sectional view on the line I4al4a of FIG. 14.
Referring first to FIG. 1, the metal plate 20 is of the usual conformation of switch plates or receptacle plates and it has the holes 21 therein to receive'screws (not shown) for attaching the plate to a conventional wall ybox (shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2). Firmly attached to the upper portion .of plate 20 is a conventional switch block 22, the internal switch beingmanually moved to off and on positions'by the finger piece 23. Firmly attached to the lower portion of plate 20 is an outlet receptacle block 24 which embodies the invention.
The blocks 22 and 24 maybe attached toplate ,20 by imbedding them therein in the manufacturing process as is-indicated at 25. As the blocks .will ordinarily be made of plastic, insulating material which is moulded under heat, this attachmentis readily made possible. The blocks 22 and 24 may,of. course, be otherwise attached to plate 20 as by screws passing through the plate20 and entering screw holes. in the blocks. Or, the blocks 22 and 24 maybe one integral moldedpiece, but they are shown here as two pieces to clarify'the invention.
The plate 20, as stated above, will be attached to the conventional wall box by screws passing through holes 21 in the plate 20. A cover plate 30 will be fastened to the block 24 (or block 22 if preferred) by screw 30a.
The switch block 22 has two screw terminals 26 and 27 on its side for connection to wires in the usual manner. When the switch within 22 is in closed position, the terminals 26 and 27 are internally connected together to establish a closed circuit. The terminals are shown on one side of the block for convenience of illustration, but they may be on any side or sides (other than the front side). If desired, instead of the screw terminals, short lengths of wire may come outwardly of the block 22, for attachment (as by screw nuts) to the external wires which would be connected to terminals 26 and 27. Such wires or the screw terminals may be considered as contact points of the switch.
The outlet receptacle block 24 has the usual parallel, pair of spaced slots 28 and 29 therein. They are spaced and shaped to receive the usual pair of power prongs of a plug which, for example, leads to a radio, floor light, or small utility article. To establish an electrical connection in slot 28 a spring leaf 3] is located therein, and it is connected by the conductor lead 32 to a screw terminal 33 on the rear of the block 24. This spring leaf 31, lead 32, and the base of the screw terminal may be all of one piece and be held in place by being imbedded in the plastic. In like manner, to establish an electrical connection in slot 29 a spring leaf 34 is located therein, and it is connected by the conductor lead 35 to a screw terminal 36 on the rear of block 24.
The block 24 is shown as having the round slot 37 therein to establish a ground connection. It has a leaf spring 38 therein connected by a leaf 39 to the external screw terminal 40. This grounding slot 37 and its electrical connections may be entirely eliminated if this safety feature is to be disregarded.
The novel feature of the invention is .the provision of the horizontal slot 41. This is shown as being located on the side of the slots 28 and 29 which is opposite from the grounding slot 37. However, as will be explained later, slot 41 may be located in nearly any place relative to slots 28 and 29 so long as it is asymmetrically positioned relative to them so that the plug prongs can enter in only one oriented position. The slot 41 is here shown as horizontal to illustrate onearrangement of the invention so that the circuit can be explained.
Within the horizontal slot 41 is a leaf spring 42 to make an electrical connection with the prong to be inserted in slot 41. The leaf 42 is connected by lead 43 to screw terminal 44. The screw terminals are all shown as being located on the rear face of block 24, but they may be located on another face or on separate, different faces. They should be individually identified by appropriate markings or by colors. Also, the four leaf springs may be connected to separate wires which emerge from block 24 so that electrical connections may be made as with screw nuts instead of using the screw terminals shown on the block 24.
A schematic of the wiring for this combination switch and outlet receptacle system is shown in FIG. 5. The symbolic representation of the switch within block 22 is indicated at 22 in FIG. 5, by a dotted lead line. An insulated wire 46 is connected between terminals 26 and 33. An insulated wire'47 is connected between the terminals 27 and 44. These wires may be installed by the purchaser or they may be installed by the manufacturer so that they are not removable. In fact, if blocks 22 and 24 are of one integral material, the wires 46 and 47 may be imbedded therein so it is not visible.
The black wire 48 from the power source is connected to screw terminal 33 (or to screw terminal 26 since they are connected by the lead 46). The white wire 49 from the power source is connected to the terminal 36. The white wire 50 going to the, e.g., ceiling or other light (not shown), is also connected to the terminal 36. The black wire 51 going to the same ceiling (or other) light is connected to screw terminal 27. It does not matter whether terminal 26 or 27 is connected to the internal moving element of the switch within block 22; these internal wires within the switch block are shown at 52 and 52a.
It is important to note that the contacts 31 and 34 are always connected to the external power source so that if a conventional plug is inserted. in the slots 28 and 29, its prongs will receive energy in the usual manner. If the plug has a grounding prong, it will enter the slot 37 and be grounded. The external grounding wire which is ordinarily connected to terminal 40 is not shown. Thus, a floor light, radio, clock, or any other unit which is ordinarily connected to an outlet receptacle may be plugged into block 24.
Also, it should be noted that the switch at 22 may be moved to an on or off position as with ordinary switches, to supply electrical energy to the outgoing wire 51 leading, e.g., to'a ceiling or other light. At this point it should be noted that if an external connection is made between leaf springs 31 and 42, (see FIG. 5) there will be established an electrical connection between the lead-in black wire 48 and the outgoing black wire 51, as if the switch at 22 had been closed. The invention contemplates a dimmer switch and a timer switch of novel designs which will establish such an external connection between leaf springs 31 and42. If such an external connection is not made, the slot 41 and its leaf spring contact 42 is not used and does not interfere with the insertion of an ordinary plug.
If it is desired to progressively dim or brighten the light (e.g.) connected to wires 50 and 51, a special dimmer switch of this invention is plugged into the receptacle block 24. The dimmer switch per se would be the usual commercially available one which contains either a rheostat or a triavac. This switch 53 is secured in a casing or box 54 with a screw affixed cover plate 55; or,
' the cover plate 55 may be molded integrally with the box 54. The manually rotatable stem 56 projects through this cover plate 55. Affixed to the rear wall 57 of the casing or box 54 are two parallel prongs 58 and 59 which are of the conventional shape of the usual pair of prongs and which are spaced to enter the slots 28 and 29. Also affixed to the rear wall 57 is a horizontal prong 60 which is located so it will enter the horizontal slot 41. There may or may not be a grounding prong (shown in dotted lines at 58a) to enter the grounding slot 37. These prongs are affixed in the rear wall in any suitable manner as by being imbedded in its material. As will be explained later, these prongs may be on a separate plug assembly which is wired to this dimmer box.
The horizontal prong 60 is wired to one terminal or contact point of the dimmer switch 53. The vertical prong 59 is wired to the other terminal or contact point of the dimmer switch 53, and it is important that this be prong 59 as it is the one which makes contact with the leaf spring 31. As FIG. 6 is a rear view and FIG. 5
is a front view, the prong 59 and spring 31 are in mirror image positions. The prong 58 serves as a dummy as it merely orients the dimmer box and helps to hold it in place; it may in fact be omitted, but it would be better if either 58 or 58a is present to help orient the dimmer switch and hold it in place. It will be noted that the dimmer prongs 59 and 60 and the dimmer switch 53 serve to establish an external connection between leaf springs 31 and 42 so that the dimmer switch 53 varies the electricity supplied to the wire 51 and thereby to return wire 50 through the light.
An important feature of this invention is that if every wall switch box in a house has in it the combination unit of FIG. 1, the same portabledimmer switch of FIGS. 6 and 7 can be plugged in the selected one to control the connected light. As has been mentioned above, the switch box 'may be connected by out-going wires 50 and 51 to a wall outlet (instead of a ceiling light) into which a floor light is to be plugged.
FIGS. 8 and 9 show a timer switch which incorporates the features of the invention whereby it may be plugged into the switch-receptacle unit or system of FIG. 1 to connect leaf springs 31 and 42 together. The invention contemplates the use of a conventional timer box or casing 61 having two prongs i.e., a pair, (and a possible third prong to make a grounding connection) to enter the two slots in a standard outlet receptacle. As this timer box and its internal parts are standard articles, its elements are only shown symbolically or schematically in FIGS. 8 and 9. Generally considered, it includes a synchronous clock motor 62 which operates a switch 63. The motor mechanism includes a stem 64 which projects out of the timer box so that the clock can be set to the correct time, and the moments to turn on and turn off the switch 63 can be preset. As there is no present novelty in this mechanism, only a generalized illustration of it is made here.
The feature of the invention involves the addition to the back wall of a horizontal prong 65 which corresponds to the prong 60 in FIGS. 6 and 7. (This prong 65 is shown as spring biased for a purpose which will be explained). This prong 65 is connected to the switch 63 by wire 66 so that it receives electrical energy through the switch from the (black wire side) prong 69. Another lead 67 is connected from this same side of the switch to one of the outlet slots of the usual outlet 68 which is a part of the timer switch. Consequently, when the switch 63 is closed, electricity is supplied from prong 69 to both the horizontal prong 65 and to the contact means in one of the outlet slots in the outlet 68. The other prong 70 (the white wire connection) is wired to the motor 62 to make it function, and by wire 71 to the other slot of outlet 68; this connection is not fully shown in the drawings because of the sectional views, but it is a conventional connection.
The timer of FIGS. 8 and 9 is to be plugged into the outlet receptacle of FIG. 1 and the prongs 69 and 70 will receive energy and operate the clock mechanism.
systems of the invention (FIG. 1), because of the universal applicability and portability of the timer-switch unit. Obviously, this feature of inserting the same timer-switch, (or dimmer switch) in any selected outlet of FIG. 1 offers a considerable money saving over locating a separate timer-switch or dimmer-switch at every location. The outlet 68 may be used in the conventional manner to receive the plug of a floor light, radio, toaster, etc. The grounding plug 72 is shown in dotted lines as it may or may not be present.
In FIG. 9, the horizontal prong 65 is shown as spring loaded so that it can be moved to a retracted position if there is no slot opening 41 to receive it. The prong 65 is shown as having a head 74 which can move back and forth in a non-metallic guide tube 75 secured within the box 61. A spring 76 presses on the head 74 and urges the prong 65 to an outer position, but allows the prong 65 to move inwardly within the guide tube 75 if there is no slot for it in the receptacle. The wire 66 can freely move back and forth in the lengthwise slot of tube 75 as is shown in FIG. 9a. Because of this moveability of prong 65 the unit can be plugged into any conventional outlet without being arrested as it would be by a solid prong, so that receptacle 68 will be activated for use.
FIG. 10 shows a generalized representation of the use of a lead wire which makes it possible to eliminate the prongs on either or both of the dimmer-switch of FIGS. 6 and 7 or the timer-switch of FIGS. 8 and 9. The box or casing of either one of these switches is indicated at 78 and from it leads a wire 79 to a plug assembly 80. The plug assembly 80 carries or supports a set of prongs spaced to enter the slots in block 24, and they are connected by wires within 79 to the appropriate elements within the boxes, as explained above.
FIG. 11 shows an adapter which makes it possible to use a single dimmer-switch (or timer-switch) to control two outlet blocks 24 which are side by side. This includes an insulating block 81 which has slots at 82 in its forward face corresponding to the slots in block 24. To its rearward face is attached two separate prong sets 83 and 84; each set corresponding to those shown on the rear of the box of FIG. 8, for example. The prong sets 83 and 84 would be spaced apart a distance corresponding to the conventional spacing between two separate outlet plates secured in a conventional double width wall box.
It has been stated above that switch block 22 and outlet block 24 are shown as two different blocks for convenience of illustration but that they can be united into a single integral block. Another arrangement which is contemplated by the invention is to maintain the usual switch on its own conventional attachment plate and to attach the outlet receptacle of the invention to its own separate plate. This is made possible if a conventional double width wall box, shown at 86 in FIGS. 12 and 13 is used. A conventional wall switch 87 with a finger piece 88 would be attached at one side of the box 86. A plate 89 carrying the block 24a, having the structure of block 24, would be attached to the other side of box 80. The connecting wires 46 and 47 of FIG. 5 would electrically connect together the switch 87 and outlet receptacle 24a, as in FIG. 5.
It has been mentioned above that the slot 41 in FIG. 1 may have any location which is asymmetrical to the slots 28 and 29 to assure proper orientation of the prongs. FIGS. l4, l5, and 16 show such asymmetrical arrangements and they have been given numberings with the subscripts b, c, and d corresponding to FIG. 1 to clarify the relationship. It is believed that the FlGS.
' 14, 15, and 16 are self-explanatory.
The sectional view of FIG. 14a shows that the contact means associated with each slot opening need not be within the slots, but may be to the rear of the slot in position to be contacted by the plug prongs. These contact means would be screw or rivet held, for example, at the rear face of insulating block.
The invention lends itself to the use of a polarized set of plugs, i.e. 58 and 59, as well as 69 and 70. To apply this, the slot 28 would be longer than slot 29 or vice versa if black and white wires are reversed and the appropriate internal rewiring is made. As the prong, i.e. 59 or 69, would be longer in cross-section than prong 58 or 70, these prongs would enter only the longer slot 28. The corresponding prong of the set in the plug assembly of FIG. would similarly be longer in cross section so that it resembles a standard polarized plug.
The invention has been described with particular reference to residential homes, but it is apparent that it can be used in commercial and industrial installations. In any of these installations, the slots 28 and 29 would be conventionally spaced and shaped.
I claim:
1. An electrical system for connection to two incoming wires from a power source and also for connection to two outgoing wires to a power consumer, comprising in combination a switch and electrically connected thereto an outlet receptacle having therein three asymetrically located slots each having an electrical contact means for contact with a prong when inserted in the slot, two of said slots constituting a pair and being positioned to receive a conventional electrical plug, the contact means of the third slot being electrically connected to one of the switch contacts and also having wire engaging means for an outgoing wire, the other switch contact being electrically connected to the contact means of one of said pair of slots and also having wire engaging means for an incoming wire, the other one of said pair of slots having wire engaging means for the other incoming wire and also for the other outgoing wire.
2. The system of claim 1 in which said switch is a part of one block and said receptacle is a part of another block.
3. The system of claim 2 in which both of said blocks are attached to a common fastening plate.
4. The system of claim 2 in which said receptacle is attached to its own fastening plate.
5. The system of claim 1 in which said switch and said receptacle are contained in a single integral block.
6. The system of claim 5 in which the electrical connections between the switch and the receptacle are imbedded in said block.
7. The system of claim 1 in which said receptacle includes a fourth slot with electrical contact means to establish a ground.
8. An electrical circuit comprising a switch having a first and a second contact point and in combination therewith an outlet receptacle having therein three asymmetrically located slots each having an electrical contact means thereat, two of said slots constituting a pair and being positioned to receive a conventional electrical plug, the contact means of the third slot being electrically connected to said first contact point of the switch and said second contact point of the switch being electrically connected to the contact means of one of said pair of slots, said circuit also including a pair of incoming electricity supply wires which are separately connected to the contact means of said pair of slots and additionally including two outgoing electricity delivery wires one of which is connected to said first contact point of the switch and the other of which is connected to the contact means of the other one of said pair of slots.
9. The circuit of claim 8 which includes a dimmer switch having an enclosing casing, manually variable current controlling means therein having two electrical contact points, and two plug prongs which are inserted respectively in said third slot and in said one of the pair of slots and electric wires separately connecting said contact points to said plug prongs.
10. The circuit of claim 9 in which said plug prongs are carried by a wall of said casing.
11. The circuit of claim 9 in which said plug prongs are carried by a separate prong support which is connected through said electric wires to the current controlling means.
12. The circuit of claim 8 which includes a timer switch having an enclosing casing, an electric clock motor therein and operatively connected thereto a switch to be activated and deactivated thereby at preset times, a pair of plug prongs which are inserted in said pair of slots and a third prong which is inserted in said third slot, said pair of plug prongs being electrically connected to said electric clock to continuously energize it, said third prong being electrically connected to a contact point of said switch, and the other contact point of said switch being electrically connected to that one of said pair of prongs which is inserted in said one of said pair of slots.
13. The circuit of claim 12 in which said plug prongs are carried by a wall of said casing.
14. The circuit of claim 12 in which said plug prongs are carried by a separate prong support which is connected through said electric wires to the timer switch.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFTICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Dated August 6 1974 Patent No. 3,828,224
Inventor s vStephen J. Hulshizer It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
On the cover page [76] "Lansdale, Pa." should read Hatfield, Pa.
Signed and sealed this 1st day of July 1975.
(SEAL) Attest:
C. DA TB; RUTH C. MASON Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks Attesting Officer UNITED STATES PATENT CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent NO. 3,828,224 Dated August 6, 1974 Inventor) -.Stephen J. Hulshizer It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
On the cover page-[76] "Lansdale, Pa." should read Hatfield, Pa.
Signed and sealed this 1st day of July 1975.
(SEAL) Attest:
fi C. MARSHALL DANE; RUTH C. MADON Commissioner of Patents Attesting Officer and Trademarks
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 15, 1968
|Aug 4, 1970
|Hubbell Inc Harvey
|Plug-in scr lamp dimmer with wall switch and socket
|Jan 7, 1972
|Apr 17, 1973
|Mc Graw Edison Co
|Adjustable on-off timer with improved manual control means
|Aug 9, 1971
|Jul 3, 1973
|Ite Imperial Corp
|Plug-in receptacle-circuit breaker device having unitary housing
|Arrow Hart Product Bulletin No. 7, 1965, Caps and Connectors, by Lew Smith, A909 G4849.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 6, 1975
|Mar 29, 1977
|Cleary John M
|Controlled duration switch
|Jun 2, 1977
|Jan 16, 1979
|The J. B. Foote Foundry Co.
|Cement mixer with switch harness
|Nov 26, 1977
|Mar 13, 1979
|Phillips Raymond N
|Automatic light switching system
|Dec 17, 1979
|May 12, 1981
|Habighorst Harry D
|Wall switch for convenience outlets
|Jan 28, 1983
|Nov 27, 1984
|Lee Long River
|Plug-in type of safety wall switch and wall outlet
|Apr 10, 1991
|Oct 26, 1993
|Hamlin Jay T
|Safety electrical receptacle
|Jan 21, 1993
|Jun 20, 1995
|Aditan, Inc.
|Electrical supply safety socket
|Feb 19, 1993
|Jan 16, 1996
|Aditan, Inc.
|Electrical supply safety plug
|Nov 12, 2009
|May 12, 2011
|Bob Kirkeby
|Furniture Product with Power Port Feature
|Feb 27, 1978
|Jun 3, 1980
|Controlled duration switch
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text:
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Unflappable Blackhawks Feel The Series Turning In Their Favor"They're feeling the pressure," Niklas Hjalmarsson says of the Blues.
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Kane Nets Winner, Blackhawks Beat Blues In 2OTKane's first of the playoffs saved the defending Stanley Cup champions' season.
Game 5 Preview: Blackhawks-BluesPuck drop is set for 8:30 p.m. at the Scottrade Center.


text:
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Bjork Digital comes to London's Somerset House in September, along with a single live show at the Royal Albert Hall.
Kim Kardashian released an audio excerpt from a phone call between Kanye and Taylor Swift over the lyrics of 'Famous' - but if it was recorded...
There's very much a strength of conviction in remaining what you were, but arguably more so in becoming what you want to be.
The BBC drama starring Aidan Turner returns to BBC One on September 4th.
Guns N' Roses were detained at the Canadian border last week for gun possession but they're adamant the weapon didn't belong to them.