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for FY08, largely fuelled by the steep rise rupee and fears of economic slowdown in the US. From stock market perspective, Infosys, being the only large player besides Satyam that gives an annual guidance, sets the tone for what one should expects from the overall IT services sector. We believe much of the analysis and scenario projections around Infosys' guidance are a futile exercise. Over the last 5 years since Infosys has started given guidance, it has outperformed every time by a significant degree both on EPS and revenue, including a year—FY04—in which rupee appreciated by as much as 3.6%. Thus, our focus should remain on business fundamentals and an analysis of trends in key business drivers. We believe the demand environment for offshoring remains strong. There has been much speculation on fall-out of possible economic slowdown in the US. We believe this has been largely a case of people jumping the gun. Without getting into the discussions on whether and when will be the slow-down in the US economy, we think there aren't any leading indicators of slowdown in the IT spend. Our analysis of quarterly growth rates of the US' GDP and dollar revenues of the top four Indian IT services companies indicate a marginal co-relation only with a 2 quarter lag. One should also note the constant evolution in the profile of offshoring per se over the last few years where-in, it has moved from traditional service streams of application development and maintenance (ADM) to newer service lines such as package implementation, infrastructure management, IT consulting and business process outsourcing. The share of non-ADM services for Infosys has grown to 48% in 3Q 2007 from 17.6% in FY2000. Despite this rapid growth, Indian players only have 0.9% share of the global non-ADM services market (which account for over 89% of the $445 billion worldwide IT services market). An expansion in the market share to even 3.2% by 2010 should help in sustaining the current growth rate for the industry. Indian companies, especially tier 1 players, are also seeing expansion in the deal wins for ADM services, both from size and duration perspective. The top six companies have announced at least 16 $50 million plus multi-year deal wins so far in FY2007, compared with eight deal wins of similar size in FY2006. The growing share... of annuity-based business should increase the visibility. However, we believe the growth will remain volume-led; despite the reported MSA (master service agreement) renewals at 3-5% higher price points, we believe average blended realisation growth will be muted. From supply perspective too, we believe quantity is not a concern. We believe macro environment remains strong, especially for the larger players, in an industry where scale is increasingly becoming a big, if not the biggest, differentiator.
The telecommunications industry remains attractive
Notwithstanding a challenging economic background and rising unemployment, the fundamentals of the telecommunications industry continue to be attractive. The sector remains relatively resilient, but not immune, as it provides essential services that serve a fundamental human need to communicate for work and social purposes. In this environment, the sector
leaders, such as Vodafone, continue to be able to innovate and deliver new products and services as well as generate strong cash flow. Although revenue from traditional services of voice and messaging in mature markets is growing more slowly due to competitive and regulatory pressures, there remains a significant growth opportunity in mobile data. There are also growth opportunities in enterprise and broadband markets due to increasing demand for integrated solutions, international services and converged offerings. Within the Vodafone footprint, emerging markets, such as India, continue to exhibit the potential for strong growth due to low mobile penetration rates of around 38% on average, compared to over 120% in Europe, which together with higher GDP growth prospects, provide a significant customer growth opportunity.
Vodafone is well positioned in the telecommunications industry
The Group believes its leading market position is demonstrated by a strong level of free cash flow, with some £18 billion generated over the last three years, a resilient structure based on a diverse portfolio of assets in both mature and emerging markets and a number one or two ranking in most countries in which it operates. The Group has also been a pioneer in data products and services, developing high speed mobile broadband networks and providing simple to use and attractive devices with features such as touch screen technology. The Group has a recognised brand in consumer markets and a strong position in the enterprise segment. In addition, Vodafone is already well placed to benefit from growth in emerging markets, with a presence in a number of the countries where significant growth is expected. In a difficult market environment, the ability to control and reduce costs is ever more important. Against this background, the Group continues to drive network and IT savings through both consolidation and centralisation of core activities, as well as local operating company initiatives. Vodafone also benefits from a variable cost base as only around one third of cash operating costs are fixed.
May 2006 strategy
In May 2006, Vodafone formulated a five point strategy and strong progress has been made against the key objectives. Mobile phone usage has grown significantly, partly offsetting price declines, key operating costs and capital expenditure targets have been met and exposure to emerging markets has increased. The share of revenue from non-core mobile or total communication services has grown through both significant data revenue growth and an increased fixed broadband presence. In addition, the Group has refined its portfolio of businesses and disposed of several non-core assets. Lastly, Vodafone has maintained a disciplined approach to its capital structure, which has proved right for the business, particularly in the current environment, and also returned a significant level of cash to shareholders.
Evolving telecommunications environment
A number of challenges have evolved since 2006. In particular, the macro economic environment has become more challenging. Competitive pressures continue to be strong, contributing to price declines of around 15% per annum. Consumers have an ever growing choice of converged communication offers from established mobile and fixed line operators and newer entrants including handset manufacturers, internet based companies and software providers. In addition, mobile virtual network operators, that lease network capacity from mobile companies, are becoming increasingly prevalent. Finally, regulators continue to press for substantially lower mobile termination rates and roaming prices, and these areas together account for around 17% of Group revenue.
November 2008 revised strategy
In light of the changing environment the Group revised its May 2006 strategy. The new key target is to focus on driving free cash flow generation. This target is supported by four main objectives: drive operational performance, pursue growth opportunities in total communications, execute in emerging markets and strengthen capital discipline. Drive operational performance Vodafone aims to improve execution in existing businesses through customer value enhancement and cost reduction. Value enhancement involves maximising the value of existing customer relationships, not just the revenue. This approach shifts away from unit based tariffs to propositions that deliver much more value to customers in return for greater commitment, incremental penetration of the account or more balanced commercial costs. This requires a more disciplined approach to commercial costs to ensure investment is focused on those customers with higher lifetime value. Customer value enhancement replaces the previous focus on revenue stimulation. The Group has established a significant number of initiatives which are expected to reduce current operating costs by approximately £1 billion per annum by the 2011 financial year, to help offset the pressures from cost inflation and the competitive environment and to enable investment in growth opportunities. As a result, on a like for like basis, Vodafone is targeting broadly stable operating costs in Europe and for operating costs to grow at a lower rate than revenue in emerging markets between the 2008 and 2011 financial years. Capital intensity is expected to be around 10% over this period in Europe and to trend to European levels in emerging markets over the longer term. Pursue growth opportunities in total communications Regarding growth opportunities, the three target areas are mobile data, enterprise and broadband. Vodafone has already made significant progress on mobile data, with annual revenue of £3 billion, 26% higher on an organic basis than that of a year ago, but the opportunity remains significant as the proportion of the customer base that regularly uses data services is only around 10% in Europe. In the enterprise segment, Vodafone has a strong position in core mobile services, mainly amongst larger corporations. The aim is to build upon this position and expand into the broader communications market, serving small and medium sized businesses with converged fixed and mobile products and services and to continue to increase the Group's penetration of multinational accounts. In fixed broadband, the Group has a presence in all of its European markets and 4.6 million customers globally. Vodafone continues to adopt a market by market approach focused on the service, rather than the technology, and targeted at enterprise and high value consumers as a priority. Execute in emerging markets Vodafone is already represented in a number of attractive emerging markets. The Group's principal focus is now on execution in these markets, particularly in India, Turkey and the existing African footprint, following the acquisition of a controlling interest in Vodacom based in South Africa. Where possible, Vodafone will also seek to maximise the mobile data opportunity. While new markets are of interest, Vodafone will be cautious and selective on future expansion. The primary focus will remain on driving results from the existing footprint. Strengthen capital discipline
the focus is on execution rather than expansion. competition has come to dominate a market that was once a monopoly. excluding licence and spectrum and any potential CFC tax settlement. In terms of cash deployment. The single company makes all the output and price decisions. In November 2008. the Group's current capital structure implies that any significant acquisition would likely need to be funded through portfolio disposals. primarily by increasing dividends. where the telecom services and the collection of products were supplied by one telecommunication company. enterprise and broadband and acquire. Vodafone supports inmarket consolidation. In emerging markets. or operators have been government-owned monopolies. most fixed line operators are still monopoly in nature. For instance. the extension of services by multinational conglomerates across nations and the active competition currently in place in the sector have all contributed to the telecom revolution. we shall look at the development of the telecom market. the Board adopted a progressive dividend policy where dividend growth reflects the underlying trading and cash performance of the Group. Beyond this. new spectrum to support voice and data traffic growth. the Group will consider opportunities to reshape the portfolio. in 1976 in the U. such as the recent agreement to merge the Australian assets of Vodafone and Hutchison 3G Australia to form a 50:50 joint venture. the priority is to invest in existing businesses. the revolution in the telecom sector has been driven by the dynamism in the telecommunications market globally. came a series of restructuring of the telecom industry. Telecommunications industry was traditionally a natural monopoly. however there is competition in the . Traditional view of the telecommunications sector is that the telecommunications market was monopolistic in nature. the traditional monopoly service provider was faced with competition in the long-distance market from use of microwave technology (Gerber & Braun 1998). After investing in existing business and returns to shareholders.S. Driven by technological developments. In addition. the Group will aim to enhance returns to shareholders. In a monopolistic market structure. a single supplier supplies the whole market. Economic and Market Trends that Drive the Telecom Revolution Coupled with the technological trends. To expatiate further on the market trends. The liberalization of the sector. to do this we will examine the following issues: Monopoly In a monopoly scenario. The development of wireless technology has brought in competition in the telephony market. Traditionally. Today most developed countries are or have introduced competition in the telecom market that was once monopolistic in nature. the telecom service providers. The Group remains committed to the current low single A long term average credit rating. With the reforms in the telecom industry.The Group is focused on generating £5 billion to £6 billion of free cash flow per annum. where appropriate. One major problem with telecom monopoly is that monopolist may exploit its market position by charging excessive prices and compromise quality of service. it has complete control over the market (Gerber & Braun 1998). expand in the growth areas of mobile data. with fixed line subscribers migrating to cellular markets where there are competitive services. the company and the industry are identical. In Africa.
1997). Liberalization encourages the lifting of barrier to entry to accommodate many players in the market and hence transform a market into a free and open market. some element of liberalization is involved. This transfer can entail the operation. Since the processes of liberalization and privatization have been taken into consideration by countries such as India. Many countries have endorsed the WTO's liberalization guideline and subsequently open their telecom market. Privatization and liberalization are two telecom reforms that improve the public treasury. The privatization of national companies comes in either public stock floatation or private sales to strategic investors. The World Trade Organization has prescribed liberalization of the telecom market. the monopoly fixed line service provider. as privatization can be considered as the component of the development of a market economy. • Privatization of a public telecommunication operator can generate a lot of financial benefit. Definition of the Two Concepts Privatization Privatization can be defined as the selling and transferring of at least part of the state ownership of a corporation to private owners. Developing countries identify that massive investment is required to address the low teledensity and poor service typical of the telecom market. it has brought about an era of competition in the telecom sector. In most cases of telecommunications privatization. In developing countries. however. management. Malaysian government has developed its telecommunication infrastructure by privatizing the former RTT. Such investments. in most cases. Privatization is the transfer of public functions and resources to the private sector. or actual ownership of publicly owned facilities. It can be defined as the process where by the government handover its management or assets of services to private interest. the realization that investment in the telecom infrastructure is a necessary foundation for economic growth. it could also include the opening up of market to private investment in the thriving telecom market. Privatization and Liberalization Amongst the wave of reforms that characterized the global telecom markets in the 80's and 90's. Privatization without liberalization is possible: a monopoly merely becomes a private one. which will expand trade relation and also promote competition. It can also be defined as a transfer of government (public) agency to a non-government (private) body. The South African government is in the process of introducing a Second National Operator to compete with Telkom.cellular market. and most of its shares are sold in the stock exchange. Malaysia and South Africa. Analysts mostly welcome the government's stance on the sale of public telecommunication operator because they do not expect this to have a major impact on the currency. In . Privatization can benefit the majority of the people. was the privatization of national companies. Subsequently "private sector investment – through privatization of national carrier or other forms of private sector involvement – is often the only recourse" (Pisciotta. which is presently known as Telkom Malaysia. their telecommunication infrastructures have improved drastically. Another reason for privation is also to tap into the advantages that modern technology offers through foreign investment into the local telecom infrastructure. leading to open and competitive market. are far beyond the reach of many governments that have other social development projects to fund. Specifically. has further spurred the need for privatization. Liberalization Liberalization Liberalization usually means the process of transferring monopolistic market to a free market environment. Privatization and liberalization cut the existence of monopoly and promote competition. In the telecom sector.
because privatization increase the performance of the economy by improving utilization of resources and it also allows competition which enhances efficiency and capacity of the private sector to adapt itself more rapidly to changing circumstances. It is also raises the funds for improvement of telecommunication infrastructure. • The other reason why private companies are more efficient is that. As a result of incentives the companies satisfy their customers and this leads to a more internationally competitive economy. It is best for the country to Privatize a public telecommunication operation. Private companies introduce new technological innovations and services to challenge other companies.2001. It shows how effective a public telecommunication operator will succeed if it becomes privatized. • In a privatized entity. which are efficient with high standard and quality. or improvement in. public policy objectives through the creation of regulatory bodies (Cheong and Mullins 1991: 112) Some observers believe that privatization will eventually impact negatively on the goal of universal service. shareholders in large private firms give managers real incentives to produce results. Countries that privatize do so realize a range of benefits. Private companies improve the telecommunication infrastructure because they are always equipped with advanced technologies in order to attract both local and foreign investors. mainly from its telecom assets (Reuters 2001). the South African government aimed to earn R18 billion from privatization in the fiscal year 2001-02. The main advantage of privatization is the extension of capacity and world-class technology and it is also has a potential for global alliances because it develops the local expertise. which will benefit the country. In South Africa the government and labour union were at loggerhead over privatization. Privately run corporations operate on a stringent need for profit basis. which can be used to extinguish foreign debt or purchase needed imports Raising domestic currency in order to expand services or facilities Curbing losses incurred by state-owned enterprises and controlling subsidy flows to those enterprises by moving into new business venture and opportunities Increasing operating efficiencies through more liberal personnel policies and more market-oriented procedure Spreading corporate ownership more widely through the sale of stock Gaining control of. Some of these benefits include: • • • • • • • Raising cash to lower national debt Raising foreign exchange. This implies that services will be increasingly provided to the rich who Some Criticisms of Privatization • . private operators bring new skills. The labour union argued that privatization leads to loss of jobs and the government believes that privatization generates income and again it can overcome the problem of government failure because the state-owned monopoly companies have failed to deliver for the past years. Privatization limits monopoly and instead promotes liberalization because it allows competition among various companies. which are good for customer and generally good for the public. Privatization also gives companies the opportunity to contribute towards development of the economy by paying regular taxes. Private companies provide good quality service to attract the customers and also to facilitate the development of the small businesses.
public enterprises are inherently as efficient as private ones and a change of ownership is not a necessary condition for performance. The point is. access to services could be a mirage. military and defence interest based on fear of loss of control and security over critical communication facilities and in some instances. 1997: 339). or limited competition. . "One reason for pursuing this approach is to gain the advantages of foreign investment. For the rest of the population. in Mexico. All restrictions on entry into all sections of the telecom market are removed. Several countries in Europe have followed the process of partial privatization. who belong to the low-income group or the unemployed. Privatization with phased-in competition 3. constitutional prohibition against foreign ownership. (Petrazzini 1995:19). Privatizing leads to a rise in prices for domestic consumers It could be argued that privatization leads to a rise in prices for domestic consumers. Privatization lead to loss of jobs The prospect of transferring a state-owned company to private owners has systematically created the fear that the change will immediately bring unemployment. 2. privatization is not a solution for performance. technology and management expertise without suffering the political disadvantages and disruptions of a privatization transaction" (Pissciotta. This model was utilized by New Zealand in 1990. Private sectors usually prefer employees who are specially trained for a particular field or who have experience in that field. even a public sector can do better especially if they can be well managed. In some instances only fringe services are liberalized at the outset. Some of these disruptions include opposition from workers' union based on fear of job loss. in basic telephone services. In this model.can afford to pay for the services. For instance. a policy of full and open competition is implemented at the same time as privatization. national carriers are privatized with a gradual and measured implementation of competition with exclusivity in the provision of basic services guaranteed for a certain period of years. Privatization with full competition In this model. South Africa followed this model with the privatization of the national carrier with exclusivity for fixed operation that was meant to lapse in May 2002. so privatization in some cases appears to be complex and uncertain. after the telemex's privatization in 1991. privatization of national carriers is accompanied by a period of exclusivity rights. Domberger (1995: 43) states that. In model two. because in most cases when a company is privatized it then brings its own expertise from the outside country and as a result it also lead to retrenchment and this will aggravate the country's poverty and unemployment problem. Liberalization without privatization Government may introduce liberalization into the telecom market without actually privatizing the national carrier. • • Model of Privatization 1. • Privatization has a potential loss of management control and lesser opportunity for local participation. Privatization also weakens the state control over the national telecommunication operator because the state no longer owns 100 per cent of the company. prices were increased and residential users were more affected by the price increase than business and long distance caller. Chile the first Latin American country to open its telecom markets to private sector is another example of a privatized and fully liberalized market.
competition has revolutionized the sector remarkably. foreign investments are invited in the form of build. The introduction of competition means that a well-established telecom monopoly operator has to compete with new entrants in the different segments of the market. were licensed to offer cellular services. transfer and operate (BTO) arrangements. Traditionally telecommunications services were limited to basic voice transmission. In South Africa. The liberalization of the telecom industry opened the doors to competition and brought an end to a period when telecom was considered a natural monopoly. Two major issues are essential to the advent of competition in the telecom sector: • • Liberalization and Technology Liberalization of the telecom market which leads to removal of barrier to entry. The national operator then enters into a management contract to improve operations and enhance profitability. Examples of these arrangements are in Saudi Arabia and China. Today Nigeria has four cellular providers. shift in demand for information goods and services and policy fashions (Lamberton.where "private sector participation in telecom is not permitted. The growing development in communication technology has increasingly made it impossible for a monopoly telecommunication corporation to provide the varieties of services available in the telecom sector. they are not only limited to telecommunications operators. Coupled with technological development in the telecom sector.4. In these arrangements. It has increasingly led to the expansion of telecom market and this expansion of market has increased access rate to telecommunication services. changes in the institutional arrangements. The evolving nature of competition in telecommunications and information activities in general is interwoven with different issue: the technological trajectories. coupled with privatization of telecom corporation which encouraged private investment are precursors to the advent of full competition in the telecom sector. when two cellular providers. Telecommunications operators have to compete with providers in parallel markets and vice-versa. An example is a telecom company providing internet service and competing in the internet service provision market. Competitors are diverse in their operations. the first phase of liberalization of this sector took place in 1997. Ways of doing this include the granting of concessions by national operators to private industry to build and/or operate certain facilities or services. Private Sector Participation without Privatization and Liberalization This is an innovative way of attracting private sector investment and expertise without actually privatizing and introducing competition. The liberalization of the telecom sector in Nigeria and the concomitant issuance of operating licenses have brought immense competition into the market. With adoption of the liberalization programme. 1997: 339). Private company involvement is limited to consultant services and supply contracts" (Pissciotta. Today there are three cellular providers competing in the South African market. 1995: 6). today we witness the availability of a gamut of telecommunication services . Vodacom and Mobile Telephone Networks (MTN). investment in information-handling capabilities and general infrastructure. Competition The increasing competition in the global telecom market has greatly impacted on the telecom revolution. many countries opened up their telecom market by issuing licenses to operators. In this model. private companies invest capital to develop a project and operate the system for a period of time. ownership rights are eventually transferred to the government company. Liberalization of the ICT sector encourages the entry of new telecommunications companies and fosters greater competition in the sector.
This is a ridiculously low number ! Even the growth rate is lowly 5. This will help in attracting new customers and also gives satisfaction to current customers Stimulate growth: Competition stimulate the growth of the market and the economy in general 1. Customers do not to have to 'go extra miles' to have access to products and services. The Indian government has heady plans when it comes to Broadband and Internet services growth. Good quality: competing suppliers strive to out-do each other and invariably strive for good quality product and service in order to beat the competitor. which includes broadband. Internet & Broadband services have been unable to emulate the growth that is seen by Indian Mobile sector. India currently has only 13.brought about by innovations in communication technology. Amongst numerous benefits. competition encourages: • • • • • • Choice: Customers are provided with varieties of products and services to choose from. Accessibility: products and services are provided in close proximity of the customers. This is the 1st part in the India Telecom report series.54 million Internet subscribers. To achieve is 500 million subscriber base in next 3 years seems to be near impossible target ! Lets look at the where Indian Internet & Broadband services stand for the quarter ending March 2009: Indian Internet & broadband services snapshot According to TRAIs report.3% – We seriously have problems when it comes to Internet penetration ! . For instance the introduction of commercial Internet into the telecom market brought in an era of competing internet service providers and development in wireless technology-specifically cellular technologyhas resulted in the era of cellular service providers. Price is a strong tool used by competing firms to attract considerable customer base Improves and maintain standard: Competition encourages the improvement and maintenance of standards of products and services. Competition in the telecom industry has stimulated growth in the sector. This also ensures that the customers get quality products. Prices: competing suppliers attract customers by attaching affordable and low prices to their products. but it is growing steadily nevertheless.
majority of them are GPRS connection on mobiles. Besides above. Indian Internet Subscriber Growth • • • There were 13.01% at the end of December 2008. This growth rate is higher as compared to the growth rate of 5.54 million Internet subscribers at the end of March 2009 as compared to 12.While the wireless data Internet subscribers show close to 118 million subscribers.85 million Internet subscribers at the end of December 2008 registering a growth of 5. The growth rate of broadband subscribers in this quarter is 12. Broadband Subscriber Growth .52 million at the end of December 2008.30%. • Technology Used to Access Internet .82 million wireless data subscribers at the end of March 2009 (capable of accessing data services including internet through mobile handsets (GSM/ CDMA)).68%.22 million at the end of March 2009 as compared to 5. there were 117. which according to me should not be counted as Internet subscribers.The number of Broadband subscribers (with a download speed of 256 Kbps or more) was 6.
072 million Wireless.244 million Ethernet LAN.474 million Cable Modem. ○ 0.22 million broadband subscribers. ○ 5. ○ 0.042 million Fiber. ○ 0. ○ 0.364 million are DSL based. ○ 0.• Broadband Subscribers Share (Technology wise) – Out of total 6.002 million use other technologies Internet Subscriber Growth QoQ .020 million Leased Line ○ 0.
there will be a healthy competition among the providers of telecommunication services. The telecom industry comprises of complex network of services like telephones. Telecom industry analysis also reveals that this industry will provide an immense employment opportunity in the coming years. telecom industry are being controlled by private companies instead of government monopolies. Statistical data also reveals that the telecommunications industry is going to be a dynamic and booming industry in the near future. The other major division of telecom industry is mobile network sector.Although. telecom industry is more concerned with texts and images (Internet technologies). specifically on data applications and broadband services. the growth rate is still not enough. where lots of innovative research works are going on.22 million broadband connections is just ridiculous ! Telecom industry analysis uncovers the fact that this industry has a huge business potentiality and is going to be a booming industry. specifically in case of mobile services. but these days mobile service is going to replace traditional telephone services. With a country population of close to 1. One of the major objectives of telecom industry is to enhance the quality and speed of Internet technology. Most of the research works are going on Internet accessibility. 6. Telecom industry analysis from the experts point of view . mobile phones and internet services. Statistical report Phoenix Center research revealed that in the coming years. The new telecommunications technologies will replace the traditional telecom services.2 billion. Indian broadband connections have doubled in last one year. the price will be lower and quality will be higher. These days. Traditional telecom technologies are also being replaced by modern wireless technologies. At the same time. Previously the traditional telephone calls used to earn the maximum revenues. Telecom industry trends Throughout the world. rather than voice(telephone service).
One of the products of modern technologies is optical fibers.Telecom industry is a vast and diversified industry and needs a huge capital to invest. and repair . the quality is also improved. which are being used as a medium of data transmission instead of using coaxial or twisted pair cables. Most of the employees in this industry are engaged in large establishments. maintenance. The use of mobile network has a crucial role behind the growth of an improved telecommunications industry. That is why the competitors of this industry should be such that they can meet that demand. Employment opportunities in telecommunications industry Telecommunication industry has created immense employment opportunities. where a large number of small contractors are involved. although there are some small establishments. The other occupations of this industry relate to installation. telephone. During the period of 1990. Fifty five percent of all workers are engaged in office and administrative support occupations. Telecommunications industry deals with the activities and services of electronic systems for transmitting messages through cables. Government of India is eager to reconstitute this telecom industry by enacting effective policies . The introduction of these advanced technologies makes the telecommunications industry a competitive one. radio or television. the telecommunication industry showed a speedy growth in terms of investment and eventually increased the competition. The competition between the companies led to the decline of revenues. Optical fibers can carry a high volume of data and are easier to maintain and install. From the investor's point of view. Use of ISDN (Inter Services Digital Network) makes this telecommunication industry a total digitalized system and eventually enhanced the speed and quality of digital communication. To know more about telecommunications industry one can browse through the following links: Telecom industry in India has a big market potentiality and is a fast growing sector. Use of communication satellites make this telecommunications industry a booming industry. Leading companies are showing their interest to invest in this telecommunications industry. Telecommunications industry is going to be a digitized one. Components and factors responsible behind the growth of telecommunications industry Two major factors responsible for the growth of telecommunications industry are use of modern technology and market competition. where a number of multinational companies have shown their interest to invest in this industry and consequently the prices are reduced. it can be said that they should be well aware of cash flow in this industry.
Indian telecom market provides a tele-density of 8. Leading telecommunication service providers of telecom industry in India Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited.us Reddit Mobile Internet take up is dominated by mobile VoIP. the total number of telephone subscriptions were US$93. media owners and vendors such as Microsoft and Google getting involved with their own mobile services. Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL). which enables basic and cellular mobile service to use any modern technology.for more investments from foreign companies. What is not certain yet is how the supply chain will eventually pan out and where the value will settle between independent suppliers. Policies of telecom industry in India Government of India implemented the unified access licensing regime. which are Fixed Service Provider (FSPs) and Cellular Services. 2009 Print Comment Email Digg Del. in both developed and importantly developing countries as the benefits of cost and flexibility are well understood. now an established reality globally. Fixed Line and WLL(Wireless Local Loop ). July 02. In 1997. Bharti Airtel. Tata Teleservices. operators. Economic perspective of telecom industry in India Telecom industry in India has a major role in Indian economy.2. radio. The Role of Mobile VoIP in the Future of Mobile Internet Mobile Internet will be dominated by mobile VoIP and other chat applications to give users a fully integrated 'mobile freedom' Thursday. PMRTS(Public Mobile Radio Trunking Services). Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL).icio. Major services and market potentiality of Telecom industry in India Telecommunication sector in India is primarily subdivided into two segments. television and Internet. SIFY Ltd. Telecom industry in India is specifically emphasizing on latest technologies like GSM( Global System for Mobile Communications). .5 percent as registered in the year 2004. This article aims to examine the factors influencing successful collaboration between these players. Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) was formed to facilitate the growth of the telecom sector in India. The Indian government is also enforcing some effective telecom policies and regulations for the infrastructural growth of this industry. Telecom industry in India constitutes some essential telecom services like telephone. CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access). India has a prospering market specifically in GSM mobile service and the number of subscribers is growing very fast. Telecommunication industry of India ranked sixth among all the telecommunication sectors in the world. which results in a very competitive and deregulated market in the world. In the year 2004. A number of leading multinational telecommunication companies are approaching and showing their interest to invest for the telecom industry in India.
and around 20 per cent of all 3G+ users. Despite this growth. a vision they call 'Mobile Freedom'. In the end user take up. calling patterns. a process that has already started for Nimbuzz with 10 major social network and 3 operator deals on the table. cheap calls etc.0) than adding video or other media streams. services or web applications (Voice 2. with the figure dominated by mobile operators' own 3. To put it succinctly. VoIP will eventually become invisible to users as one of many Internet services on the handset. By working with providers. Further. by 2012 Integration into the mobile value chain Most 3GPP/UMTS operators will need to wait until 2012 before starting broad migration of circuit telephony to standardised VoIP. initiate calls via PC. The other factor is integration of familiar technologies eg Skype to break sown barriers to trial. Standalone Mobile VoIP . operators have the opportunity to gain experience of mobile VoIP from independent specialists thereby reducing risk of their own large scale roll out. Integrating mobile data services onto handsets. to investigate ways services can be leveraged financially. Nimbuzz' s USP is offering its product across the widest range of handsets. first to build user base to make both a successful business and also as a commodity to offer potential partners. Presence and IM provider that also brings voice to social networks. current growth is also due to increased take up of smart phones moving away from the early adopter and high end business user to mainstream audiences.5G+ voice services. across the most IM and Social Network communities and in the most countries. In the meantime. In the immediate future.Nimbuzz is the comprehensive mobile VoIP. Making MVoIP and associated services a commercial success is something the industry as a whole is starting to think about and this article will investigate the success to date and the potential future impact of mobile freedom. specific tariff. Customers like choice and the products they will want and use vary according to country. preferences. interest in "enhanced" VoIP vs. they will have to compete or partner with pre-standard VoIP players with multiple options for both operators and independent specialists becoming a virtual mobile operator vs partnerships. swap Sim cards etc vs unacceptable high roaming tariffs leads to offering a fully integrated service. the propensity to download software. the current confusing market is allowing third party providers such as Nimbuzz to offer mobile VoIP using Wi-Fi services or the user's data plan exploiting open operating systems. partnerships.cutting internet data costs and introducing fixed data packages. handset. penetration will still be below 10 per cent of total global mobile subscribers. It will be more important to embed mobile VoIP into new devices. Future market success factors The success factors in this area include pricing structure as operator response to existing price erosion already exists . flat-rate data plans and features like 'naked SIP' and built-in VoIP capability. Second. Reports suggest that the number of VoIP subscribers will more than double in the next four years and Disruptive Analysis forecasts 255m active VoIPo3G users by the end of 2012. "host" mobile operator. The other factor is in developed countries vis a vis developing where a dollar is a weeks pay. content suppliers have two commercial aims. Mobile VoIP is a highly competitive sector with many well known and not so well known providers offering different MVoIP components.
the key areas include WiFi. At Rs 3 per SMS. Indian Idol got more than 55 million votes via SMS.7%. giving this market potential to explode from $1. here is an insight into the Indian Idol revenue model. To give you an idea of how the revenue sharing model actually works in case of Mobile VAS and correlation between content and distribution.0 capabilities. revenue from consumer telecoms network services will hit $2 bn globally by 2012 as the digital divide between developed and developing nations deepens. traffic and advertising revenue. During the voting period from November 2004 to March 2005. In short. backed by a variety of social networking / Web 2. over the new.09bn by 2013 according to Informa Telecoms & Media forecasts. However. While operators have the assets (billing and access to customers). which predicts 250 million users of 3G VoIP by 2012. Further. on the grounds of competition.e. advanced 3G+ networks vs still be on independent providers' offerings. content providers provide revenue streams. and Sony about Rs 5 crore. new sectors and revenue streams include social networking capabilities and exploiting web 2. working together operators will drop VoIP-hostile 3G terms-of-service. So obviously the distribution takes a . VoIP allows carriers to handle more calls on their spectrum and reduce expenses by handling all traffic as data. the creators of the content as of now do not demand as much of the revenue margin as the distributors (i. compared with less than 100 million for voice on Wi-Fi. 3G – True VoIP vs Hybrid VoIP. VoIPo3G. over the next five years.0. and £115m by the end of 2008.5 crore. The supply of content makers however is relatively elastic . In the case of scope for partnerships between VoIPo3G innovators and incumbent operators (and other parties). on average. In this context. it will run over the 3G data provided by handsets. Connectivity In the area of connectivity. It will also let them offer new services and become service enablers. mobile operators in developed nations must look to new 3G applications and bundled services for increased average revenue per customer. InStat expects the sector to grow at a steady annual pace of about 5. the supply of mobile phone operators is relatively inelastic i. While mobile VoIP is set to grow. The telecom companies made Rs 11. especially on HSPA networks. £65m in 2007. they are fewer in number and not growing that fast. In this context.e. By 2012 broad migration of circuit telephony to standardised VoIP will have started and VoIP will be accessed by mobile operators' own standards-based VoIP capabilities. initial reticence will be countered by awareness of the threats of outright competition.5 crore. according to a research report from Disruptive Analysis. call-through and special SIMs. that is Rs 16. the mobile phone operators). already a clear trend towards this with open mobile internet access and all you can use tariffs.72bn in 2008 to $12. So as one can see. Operators will deploy VoIP to improve voice capacity. rather than over Wi-Fi. While new advertising models are not cracked yet eMarketer reports that ad spend on social networks is not as high as anticipated. This when big brands are yet to transfer more than a couple of percent of their advertising budget onto mobile. gain synergies from Fixed Mobile convergence networks and counter competition from WiMAX or other VoIP providers. Further. regulation and difficulty of enforcement. market watchers predict.players offer blends of WiFi.there are loads of people trying to produce exclusive content and there is a certain level of quality that is being made due to the proliferation of so called 'exclusive' content creation tools.
higher premium because there are scores of people lining up with content for distribution while everything cannot really be distributed. service providers are persistently working on providing innovative and attractive mobile value added services. Finally. Another development in the near future is that TV over mobile is going to be easily accepted. There has been significant increase in revenues for service providers ever since the existence of cellular technologies. network operators and others in the mobile internet value chain. Further. This was primarily because of the mindset that exists in the consumer's mind who thinks that everything on the Internet is (or should be) free. . the Founder and CEO of Nimbuzz) Mobile VAS Consumption And Insights on Service providers in Urban India Mobile subscriber review on Service providers (cellular operators) in India. mobile internet is a strong future revenue stream but advertising models need to be honed to provide proven value for brands before budgets will be allocated. we will see mostly TV 'munching' or short TV shows (like our very own WATShow). In the past. (Contributed by Evert Jaap Lugt. The supplier market is currently fragmented allowing room for independent innovators to make their mark with key developmental challenges being faced by content providers.Evolution of cellular technologies and increasing number of mobile subscribers in India has driven telecommunication industry to become one of the fastest growing industry in India today. Key Takeaways To sum up. 2009 – BANGALORE. while everything on mobile phones is/or can be paid for. India . and the revenues will be much bigger on the Mobile phones than on the Internet. likelihood of VAS options by subscribers FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE PRLog (Press Release) – Jul 15. the impression was that content over the mobile will be paid for. mobile Internet will be dominated by mobile VoIP and other chat applications to give users a fully integrated 'mobile freedom' especially when consumers are demanding lower costs of communications and are becoming familiar with finding and using new technologies to achieve this. Mobile users are in constant look out for new cellular services. We definitely will see exclusive content but due to limitations in bandwidth primarily and due to the nature of the screen and short attention time spans. operators concentrating on their current mobile internet capabilities will use the technology innovations of independent suppliers to make their own entry into the market via partnerships. To meet this demand.
keep a tab on astrology. play games. download images. bundle/unlimited usage type options came out on top with "unlimited data usage at low fixed price"being the most popular with over 40% suggesting they would likely subscribe to. On the product diversity side. . On customer service front. surf the Internet. In terms of VAS Options likelihood of usage. Loop mobile and Vodafone Essar are ahead of the curve with subscribers to each provider agreeing 16% more than overall that they offer reliable customer service. listen to music. read news. MTNL. Vital Analytics a pioneer in analyzing urban Indian mobile phone usage trends has released its VAS service provider report on Urban Indian Mobile space. unlimited data usage at lower cost and better SMS bundle offers are two most popular VAS options Urban Indian would subscribe to if offered by service providers! When asked what options if offered would Urban Indians subscribe to with their service provider. State run mobile service providers are perceived to be offering most reasonably priced services! 22% of BSNL and 16% of MTNL subscribers feel they (service provider) offer a more reasonably priced services compared to overall subscribers. set ring back tone for callers or even check their bank accounts and hence making the best use of Mobile VAS offered by service providers. followed by "better bundle offers in SMS value added services" (39% would likely subscribe). Aircel and Vodafone do a great job as 11% of both service providers' subscribers appear to agree than overall subscribers.Mobile phones today have moved beyond their fundamental role of voice communications. Subscribers are using their cellular phones to send SMS.
VeriSign. "We are excited to be working with VeriSign to combine secure payments with value-added promotional services. Virgin Mobile India Strategy • • • • Share Favorite Favorited X . (NASDAQ: VRSN). innovation." said Patrick Gauthier. VeriSign will enable Visa. 2009 and 2010 will represent the start of the wider adoption of mobile payment applications and services and will result in close to $1 billion worth of worldwide payments being made via mobile by 2010. Our collaboration is designed to enable consumers to receive promotions and information relevant to their purchase experience anywhere via their mobile phones. the leading provider of digital infrastructure for the networked world. Visa will provide mobile offer management capabilities including the delivery of mobile coupons by leveraging VeriSign's content delivery services." As a result of the agreement.VeriSign.VeriSign Supports Visa Mobile Platform to Advance FastGrowing Mobile Commerce Market 29 March.financial services. Inc. Visa International. They need to be able to access information and make purchases in a secure environment anywhere and on any device. 2007 . Additionally. "We are excited to help Visa deliver the most compelling mobile payment experience. vice president of industry marketing -." said Brian Matthews. announced today that it has entered into an agreement with Visa to support the Visa mobile platform to advance the already fast-growing mobile commerce market. senior vice president. its members and merchants to create customised campaigns." According to forecasts from a recent Juniper report. through mobile marketing campaigns and point-of-sale redemption of mobile offers. the service will help marketers understand the performance of their mobile campaigns potentially resulting in better returns on marketing dollars spent. "Consumers are driving demand for new mobile commerce services and applications.. "The Visa mobile platform provides mobile operators and financial institutions the opportunity to rapidly develop new mobile services utilising the unique interactive features of handsets. mobile offers and promotion programs.
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having a finely crafted retail strategy can mean the difference between a strong subscriber uptake rate or a mediocre showing among the target audience. Even for an MVNO like Virgin. tying up with Tata Tele-services. An Update ○ ○ 3. ○ ○ However.Presentation Transcript 1. Virgin Mobile has entered the Indian Market. it is a very important piece. On 1st March 2008. Virgin Mobile Retail strategy for entering the Indian Handset market 2. Virgin is primarily an MVNO company. Agenda . and retail distribution is only a part of the overall strategy. 4.6 Favorites • satyle favorited this 2 months ago • prernamahendru favorited this 3 months ago • edwinp favorited this 3 months ago • Llewella74 favorited this 4 months ago Tags virgin mobile strategy to enter india • manishsehgal007 favorited this 4 months ago • more --> DN2009 favorited this 5 months ago Tags virgin mobile india strategy mimp plan .
Organizational Mission ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Keep it simple Do what you say Take the leap of faith Keep on checking Stay true to your values Love the locals When we start a new venture. 9. Structure and Segments for Handset Retail 12. A Virgin Trains manager took all the placemats from First class and folded them into fans for the passengers caught in an unpleasantly hot carriage when the air-conditioning failed. we review the industry and put ourselves in the customer's shoes to see what could make it better.00. Talk to people the way they prefer to be talked to – with warmth and humanity.○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Virgin Mobile . there's nothing more frustrating than dealing with a faceless bureaucracy or a member of staff who tows the party line. Virgin Mobile The Company 6. not a script. When Virgin Money sends people letters about their financial services they recognise it's the customer's money. E. Virgin Mobile Charter Speak from the heart. To add a personal touch to our customer experience: the little extras…. A little something extra can really go a long way to improve a their experience and their opinion of Virgin. Global Reach 7. Virgin Mobile Charter As a customer. They don't write in jargon but as one human being to another To offer an experience that's 100% human.Mobile Retail . Typically. not theirs.000 .Virgin's New Venture Strategy 11. treating customers with respect.Company Brief The Indian Opportunity Competition and Positioning The Indian Consumer VM's Entry Strategy Review Analysis and Recommendations 5.Size. We ask fundamental questions: Is this an opportunity for restructuring a market and creating competitive advantage? What are the competitors doing? Is the customer confused or badly served ? Is this an opportunity for building the Virgin brand ? Can we add value ? Will it interact with our other businesses? Is there an appropriate trade-off between risk and reward? 10. 8.g. we base it on hard research and analysis.The Numbers ○ New Connections per month = 60.
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Handset Retail = 3.00. organized retail has a share of 7% Handset retail market has been growing at a CAGR of 60% Overall. FDI allowed upto 24% for foreign players w.Growth Rates 17. Aggressive promotions to get more common Low priced handsets and handset bundle offers. mobile retail growing at 20%.Trends ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Saturation in the urban market Rural India will drive growth. April. there are certain parties with vested interests that act as bottlenecks. Replacement sales account for as much as 60%. 20.50.Handset Retail 19. India recorded the fastest growth in mobile handset sales 13. Politically stable country.The Potential .f.PEST – Politico-Legal Environment 21. 7-9 Models added every month.What Virgin Needs To Know 15.e.000 Airtime + Accessories + Handset = 7.Economic Environment ○ . However.The Demographics 14.Handsets sold directly so far.The Future . People are replacing handsets every 18-24 months There are 95000 retail outlets in all Only 1% of these are organized retailers By Sales.Organized Retail 16.00.The Future .Volumes 18.00. the Mobile retail market is growing at 20% According to Gartner figures for Sep 07. though it has begun to change.PEST .00. This works in the favor of retailers. accounting for 35-38% of total handset market. not by operators.50.The Future .000 50% No Bundling . 2008 Availability of cheap as well as professional labour Weak consumer protection laws Increasing recognition of the potential in the retail space by the government. 7-9% growth rate.00.00.
Pressure from Second hand sales makes it worse. Changing attitude. Buyer Power: High Buyers Demanding greater variety at lower prices Supplier Power: Moderate Suppliers have strong brands and often have a presence in retail themselves Network Operators are able to push cheaper brands (e.0% in 2007-08 while conditioning expectations in the range of 4.○ ○ ○ Credit Sales have started.PEST .live for today The mobile sector has grown more than tenfold from 2001 to around 6 crore subscribers by mid-2005.5 crore people between the ages of 14 – 25 years Demographics . 10% of the ISPs have 90% of the subscribers The country's mobile market stands at Rs. etc to sales tax.Porter's Five Forces .Porter's Five Forces ○ ○ Threat from New Entrants: High Rising cost of retail real estate makes nationwide competition difficult.g. Consumer confidence in the organized retail format is high and encouraging.000 crores and is growing at an annual rate of 60%.Social Environment ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 23.PEST .A lot of demand is coming from Rural India. and Cell Phones are being sold on EMI. 21.Porter's Five Forces 25.5%. ○ 22. The retailers want to move the service tax on rent.Porter's Five Forces 28. 35. but numerous national and foreign players are interested to enter Competitive Rivalry: Moderate Margins are thin at mere 4%.0-4. Indirect taxes like service tax on immovable property adds to the costs.Porter's Five Forces ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 27. Growing middle class and youth with an increasing propensity to save. The Monetary policy aims to contain inflation close to 5. Reliance Classic) 26.Technological Environment 24. telephone. as as much as half of the newly added subscriber are from rural areas.
Consumer Segments I want everything from my mobile and I want it now My phone means I belong amongst my peers My life is a juggling act – my mobile keeps me connected I want a phone that makes me look good . Most demand is from rural areas – where organized retailers don't have a presence.Consumer Need Analysis Segments.Nokia ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Around 50% market share in Indian mobile market Focus on "Mother Brand" than on "Another Brand" Addressed all five needs "REAPS" of Indian Consumer Strong focus on distribution network Reduced their prices to counter the grey market Essar Group venture .Positioning Map 34. 2500 stores.Existing Players ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 31.Competitive Landscape Players.dilutes brand value Nokia Samsung Sony World ConvergeM (Future Group) Mobile Store (JV between Essar and Virgin) MobileNxt Univercell Hotspot (Spice Telecom) RPG Cellucom Subhiksha M Bazaar 32.18 to 45 years Eyeing 10% market share. Positioning and Strength 30. 29. and breakeven by 2010 Plans to invest 1250 cr by 2010 3 Formats . 600 cities. Buyer Behavior and Gaps 35.Mobile Store 33.large medium and compact.○ ○ ○ Threat of Substitution: High Second hand phone market and unorganized retail is strong.even when I can't afford it To stay ahead of the game you need the best tools New .entered Jan 2007 Target Segment . in 20:60:20 ratio Against Franchising .
bulk of demand from sub 5000 price range VAS such as Texting very popular among Urban. new possessions.Indian Market Entry Strategy Target Segment.Virgin India Strategy ○ ○ Target Segment .Urban Youth Sales Objectives ○ ○ Revenues of Rs.Differentiation . Young customers Urban youth: Distinct mobile needs More and longer out-bound voice calls Large calling circles for both making and receiving calls Large users of SMS Both the earliest adopters and highest users of value-added services Higher usage for both voice and SMS at weekends India has 21.The Opportunity 38.experiences. Incremental urban youth subscribers between 2008 and 2010 will be more than 5 crores.Seeking Youngistan ○ ○ ○ Mainstream Youth and Materialists 14-25 years Young executives / students / Youthful Adults 42.5 crore people between the ages of 14 – 25 years old. Positioning and Objectives 40.000 crores by 2010 Mobile as a badge of self-expression: brand and style very important 37. 35000 Crores by 2011 (including connections.The Indian CellPhone Buyer ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Replace handsets every 18-24 months High demand from upgraders Price Sensitive .Urban Youth: More Than Just A Segment 39. 35.Virgin India Strategy . handsets and accessories) Establish the brand name 10% of the market in 3 years Image Objectives Market Share Objectives 41. Urban youth mobile service revenues > Rs. new technologies – that's what I want I'll adopt new technologies if you show me a good reason I'll carry a mobile if I need to… Pioneer Youth Mainstream Youth In-touch Organizers Mainstream Materialists Careerist Experiencers Family Phoners Basic Phoners 36.Positioning .
Whatever your problem you can walk into any service center and get replacements for faulty* items in your pack. battery fell off and someone threw my phone… gasp! a.Differentiation Strategy .Returns Policy ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 46. Tension nahin leneka.Differentiation Strategy .○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Win a 10% share of the urban youth market by… Delivering imaginative solutions that offer Value for money & flexible tariffs that reflect their unique needs Innovative. enthusiastic team supported by simple processes Taking the hassle out of buying a cell phone Try before you buy Real conversations: no scripts End-to-end ownership of problems: same Champ call-back Champ empowerment: authorized to resolve issues on the spot Welcome calls: all customers are personally welcomed to Virgin Mobile A real returns policy q.First Time In India .Virgin India Strategy . Value for Money and Flexible Service Offerings Get paid to receive calls 50 paise to any local network TGI the weekend Bolt-on One Touch access to V-Bytes Unlimited access to V-Bytes for a simple daily charge ' 100% colour.Cost 44. 100% FM' handsets 43.Differentiation Strategy 47.Customer Care 45. eye-catching advertising & PR that gets youth talking A lean. But don't get scared about it. *conditions apply. stable propositions with low support and service costs Imaginative. Lost my charger. game-changing value-added services Great handsets at great prices Personalized customer care Whilst achieving a low operating cost per customer through Sharp focus on India's top youth markets Fewer. Here's a list of our service center .
when the new GSM players start rolling out their services. H1. 2006 Classified itself as an ESP. because that's Virgin's core market.Location ○ ○ ○ Shop in Shop and Kiosks Non exclusive. by when it would be profitable.○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Easy Handset upgrades Personalised Care Safe Secrets Think Hatke Campaign 10 paise every minutes on incoming " You have to be in front of the right people.Location And Ownership 50. 51.000 top-up outlets.Virgin Mobile Analysis and Recommendations 54. Virgin Mobile 48. extensive coverage. Virgin Mobile services were launched in 50 cities with 15. Also. supported by a strong brand. Plan to expand to 1000 cities by 2008-end Aims to acquire 50 lakh subscribers over the next 3 years.000 handsets & 40. ○ ○ ○ 53.citing premium pricing and crowded market Customers placed more premium on Price SingTel tariffs too high .texting too expensive 55. Virgin Mobile aims to offer similar services on GSM as well. superior customer service and pricing plan simplicity Entered through a tie-up with SingTel Exited the market .Virgin India Strategy .Promotions 49. By the end of 2008.Expansion Plans ○ To begin with.Virgin India Strategy . since MVNO's are illegal in SA Premium Pricing.A Virgin Kiosk 52. lower costs The one commonality all of the retailers share is they are places where teens shop.Virgin India Strategy . with 55 Virgin Mobile kiosks & Shop-in-Shops.Singapore Experience ○ ○ ○ ○ .South African Experience ○ ○ ○ Virgin entered as a 50-50 partnership with Cell C.Virgin India Strategy ." Howard Handler CMO.
switching barriers Unclear Government Policy on MVNO Falling Handset prices . Opportunities India a growth story .20-30% CAGR.SWOT ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 60.one of the most exciting brands in the world 59.Unviable Not sustainable Premium Positioning-Viable 57.Strategic Choices for Mobile Retailers Price Volume Low High High Low Cost Strategy-Viable Low Cost Strategy.56.Mobile penetration in excess of 40%. Organized Retail mere 7% by revenue.8bn/US$20.4bn … .SWOT ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Weaknesses Dependent on Partners for pricing. encouraging active use Threats Rising Retail Costs Lack of number portability . 1% by outlets. Most entrants are new.lower margins Saturation . capacity Non serious image may not go well with conservative Indian consumer. highest handset sales volumes. Limited understanding of India Market Strengths Strong Global Brand Limited overlap with Tata's existing customers Very low fixed costs as it leases Network Time Not tied to a particular Technology Into retailing + service provider If the GoI allows MVNOs then after tying up with GSM players. few established competitors 61. can beat Reliance Good brand recall Structured pricing of airtime serves as a loyalty incentive.Positioning Virgin BRAND ENGAGEMENT CAN BE THE ONLY DIFFERENTIATOR OFFER SIMILAR ACROSS RETAILERS ASSORTMENT EXPECTED CONSUMER MORE EVOLVED PRICE COMPETIVENESS SHORT LIVED 58.Making Weaknesses Irrelevant . employing 48 500 people. an annual Virgin Group turnover of £10.Capitalizing On Strengths 62.200 companies worldwide.
63. whether natural or man-made.subsidize handset costs with Airtime Offer for both CDMA and GSM . M Bazaar.Recommendations 66. Vishal.presence in both retailing and airtime Key advantage over operators . growth is pushed by rapid technological developments which continuously improve the efficiency of existing products. It has also made telecommunications one of the most important components of social.a rebranding exercise by Tata Teleservices? Key advantage over other (non-operator) retailers . On the demand side.Recommendations ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 64. information. in the control of the environment. etc. and in the management of public infrastructures. Hotspot. in government. . with upgrade options VM is moving in the right direction but time is still not ripe for a big bang entry into handset retailing Need to see the response to Airtime and expand in other cities Continue tie-ups with existing Mobile retailers like Univercell. It is not a question of "demand pull" or "supply push". systems and services. cultural and political activity.not tied to technology (as an MVNO) Forge deal with a GSM player Offer bundled plans . growth is pulled by an increasing reliance on telecommunications and information technology in every area of human life – in all sectors of economic and social activity.Recommendations 65. Particularly noteworthy is the convergence of telecommunication. and provide the foundation for a continuing stream of innovations in each of these areas.○ ○ ○ People not familiar with the MVNO concept Tata Teleservices does not have a good brand image Confusion in the minds of consumer about the Virgin-Tata deal. and in response to emergencies. in the provision of public services.greater assortment Offer plans for 2 years. On the supply side. The interaction of these two forces has made telecommunications one of the leading growth sectors in the world economy. in the pursuit of knowledge and the expression of culture.Thank You !! Trends and developments in the telecommunication environment The global market for telecommunications is expanding rapidly. Both are happening. M Port.
but derived from a broader economic. social and cultural perspective.broadcasting and publishing technologies. today's Internet is only a precursor to the new competitive forces that are likely to emerge in the next five to ten years in the new "communications and information sector" which will result from technological convergence. globalization is likely to become much more of a reality. as well as the closely-related information technology industry. Significant developments have also taken place to introduce competition at the national. However. Five years ago. "globalization" was more a slogan than a reality. which has greatly enriched the communication choices available to consumers. Although far from universally accepted. since it referred mainly to alliances between major operators to provide end-to-end services to multinational enterprises. although various forms of "alternative calling procedures" provided consumers in countries which allowed such practices a "poor-man's version" of the benefits enjoyed by big business users. Public networks and residential customers were relatively unaffected by this kind of globalization. Competition in telecommunications is rapidly becoming a true market force whose evolution cannot be planned by policy-makers. The liberalization of telecommunications does not mean an end to regulation – but it has changed both the role of government and the nature of telecommunication regulation: . the majority of telecommunication networks are now privately owned and operated. a force which increasingly is seen as best regulated on the basis of principles that are not specific to telecommunications. As a result of this trend. In the 1995-1999 planning period. The new framework developed by WTO to govern trade and regulation of telecommunication services will facilitate further globalization of the telecommunication equipment and services industries. Of particular importance is the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement to liberalize trade in basic telecommunication services which was concluded in February 1997 by 69 countries which together account for more than 90% of global telecommunication revenues. The effect of the fundamental forces driving demand and supply has been amplified by the worldwide trend to liberalize markets for telecommunication and information technology goods and services. The essential lesson to be learned from the Internet phenomenon is that competition is no longer a public policy tool which can be introduced in a completely controlled fashion and regulated within the confines of the traditional telecommunication sector. In the 1999-2003 planning period. The agreement entered into force on 5 February 1998. regional and international levels. including a number of developing countries who see it as the best way forward in developing their telecommunication networks and services to the benefit of their overall economic and social development. the sweeping changes in telecommunications described above have broad support among many countries. as well as to make direct investments in the development of those networks. few would have predicted that the Internet would emerge so rapidly as a serious competitive force in telecommunications. The WTO agreement will make it possible for foreign operators to have direct access through interconnection and interoperability to public networks in most of the world's major telecommunication markets.
most countries that permit competition do so on a highly regulated basis In this environment. and for "the public interest" in telecommunications to be protected by an independent regulatory authority. most administrations of ITU Member States tended to be "all-purpose" creatures — policy-makers and operators which both provided and regulated telecommunications on the basis of a "public utility" model. and indeed all other commitments. then in value-added services. industry and trade). sector-specific telecommunication regulation has been abandoned. nested within a general department of government (e. These regulatory commitments. More than 60 signatories accounting for more than 90% of global telecommunication revenues have made commitments to apply in whole or in part a set of regulatory principles including interconnection. and finally in local and international services. competition and globalization will begin to combine in new ways that may ultimately change the way the telecommunication industry sees itself and is seen by its regulator(s) and customers. service providers and regulators that have based their respective plans on an . the WTO agreement will amplify these regulatory trends. it is likely that the trends noted above with respect to liberalization. They are binding commitments which are enforceable under the WTO dispute resolution mechanism. competition was generally permitted among different service providers using the same infrastructure before being allowed between different infrastructure providers. In the 1999-2003 planning period. The liberalization of telecommunications has been accompanied by a separation of these functions. Even today. the regulator must implement competitive safeguards. nurture competition. transparency and anti-competitive safeguards. for telecommunications to be operated by corporations — whether public. Countries that began permitting competition in telecommunications 10 or 20 years ago generally introduced it in a planned and orderly manner: first in terminal equipment. ensure interconnection/interoperability and ensure broad and affordable access to necessary services As a result of technological progress.g. In countries that have introduced partial or full competition. then in the long-distance service. are subject to the WTO dispute resolution mechanism. Again. The trend now is for administrations of ITU Member States to be policy-makers. In addition. In some jurisdictions. convergence and market liberalization. private or mixed.In the past. Principles derived from competition law are taking their place alongside the classical precepts of public utility regulation. countries only now beginning to introduce competition are less likely to be in a position to plan an evolution of this kind Even in those countries that have experience with competition. They are therefore more than a voluntary code of conduct. the model for regulating telecommunications is changing.
the Union thus finds itself in a dynamic situation. the gap between developed and developing countries in access to basic telecommunication services is closing. and the overall gap between developed and developing countries is steadily narrowing. from other points of view. they include more than 45% of the world's people. In this regard. an "information gap" of even greater proportions is opening up. On the one hand.orderly evolution of this kind are finding that the "rules of the game" are suddenly changing. network architectures. A difference in regulatory practices is emerging between countries which have decided to liberalize their telecommunication markets under the WTO agreements. It is based on different technologies. It has experienced phenomenal growth and it has largely been outside government regulation. new differences are developing. these regulatory differences may become a new development gap. This will only be possible. However. between the LDCs and other developing countries. the Internet symbolizes the changing nature of telecommunications. and those that have not. for example within the developing world. at the same time. and that it cannot be regulated as it was in the past More than any other phenomenon. There is currently an enormous gap between developed and developing countries in access to the Internet. technology transfer. encouraging progress has been made in the 1995-1999 period in certain countries and some regions in forging the "missing link" identified by the Maitland Commission. if their services are affordable to inhabitants of the LDCs. the majority of the least developed countries (LDCs) have made little progress in the past five years in closing the gap in access to basic telecommunication services. however. new gaps are beginning to appear: In general. teledensity (the number of telephone lines per 100 people) has fallen. the goal established by the Maitland Commission of achieving universal access to basic telecommunications will be technically achieved. However. as population growth has outstripped telecommunication growth. Yet it is emerging as a serious alternative to the traditional services provided by the telecommunication industry in every market segment. innovative services and lower prices. Its economic foundations and charging principles are diametrically opposed to those of public telecommunication operators. Even as the telecommunication gap which has preoccupied the Union for so many years is beginning to close. On the eve of the 21st century. New technologies such as global mobile personal communications by satellite (GMPCS) may help close the "telecommunication gap". it is important to recall that although the 119 ITU Member States that are not yet part of the WTO basic telecommunications agreement generate less than 10% of global telecommunication revenues. If competition brings the first group of countries the anticipated benefits in terms of investment. from intra-corporate communications to public voice From one point of view. between liberalized and non-liberalized countries which may be either developed or . standardization and addressing schemes. In some cases. that competition is coming from unforeseen directions. Overall.
Today. This raises important questions in relation to the vision of the global information society (GIS). the basic ideas behind the concept of the GIS have been broadly accepted and indeed endorsed.MS Excel MS Word HTML Print Comm Close Investment in the Major Telecom Service Sector by Private Operators (upto 31.2001. This vision was the subject of considerable discussion during the 1995 — 1999 period.07. and that people everywhere are able to share in its benefits. and between countries that are moving rapidly towards competition and those moving at a slower pace. Crore) 3605.52 250.00 663. social. In this vision.47 .91 184.developing. Top of Form /w EPDw UKMTkzM /w EWBgKBkebgC Statistical Information Download :. Unstarred Question No.3. initially in the G-7 group of advanced industrial economies. 213.2000) Items Basic Services Cellular Mobile Telecom Services V-SAT Mobile Radio Trunk Service Paging Service Source : Rajya Sabha. The rapid development of electronic commerce on the Internet is one tangible example of how the GIS is becoming a reality. all forms of economic. cultural and political activity will increasingly depend on access to the telecommunication and information services provided by the global information infrastructure (GII). The challenge facing the international community is to find ways to ensure that the GIS is truly global. dated on 24. Amount (Rs.48 11860. then in the broader international community.
(b) 1 Crore (or Cr.Year: Period of fiscal year in India is April to March. Bottom of Form .g. e. Some part of the footnotes/units may not be applicable for this table.) = 10000000. year shown as 1990-91 relates to April 1990 to March 1991. Units: (a) 1 Lakh (or Lac) = 100000.
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No discussion of clinical hold or stays of Direct trial. Going concern warning. and the sudden appreanace of environmental costs that could turn as high as 32mm. Huh? That transaction really stinks.It seems unusual at the tim eNWBO wasted precious money to buy it. Not it appears that a related party seller unloaded a brownfield site to NWBO shareholders. truly horrifying
This has been going on for about 10 years. The guy is mentally ill. Unfortunately he still gets to vote.
The "brain shortage" won't be fixed (in the intermediate term) by domestic kids filling the jobs. The US is, however, a nice place live so educated Asians and Indians will continue to fill the jobs at Intel, Microsoft and hundred other high tech companies.
If you wan to be frightened and ashamed just look at the graduate students graduating from Stanford MIT duke Caltech etc. Most Americans couldn't even spell their names much less compete with them academically.
You keep forgetting the T variable. With the passage of time fundamentals actually change. when you don't here news that is expected within a reasonable window of when it was expected that is a fundamental change. When the FDA imposes a hot that is a fundamental change etc.
Obama is the worst president ever because.........
and here is what I would do to fix it.
OK teapiga if you don't have "small hands" have ago at it. Im guessing you chaikkenschist won't do it cuz
a) you be ignant
b) you're all qunts when it come down to it
Take the quiz evangelicals and teapigs. let me know how you did
He should be in jail for a lot more. Got off a perjury charge with an "I forgot about that"
War criminal.
perjured himself on the "Yellowcake that helped lie the US into the slaughter in Iraq.
True Human filth uck up kick down POschist
You're not trapped, You've just lost money on a bad decision. Very different concepts. Read up on the term "sunk cost" you might learn something. The ONLY relevant factors are those in front of you, what has happened in the past is irrelevant. I suggest you look at ONCY oh wait ONCYF. After their panc trial cratered (like I predicted with compelling evidence which the cheerleaders ignored) the stock went to about 3 bucks . I told them gain you still have time to save some of your money (most if not all ignored the advice,) the stock now trade on the bulletin board at 27 cents. You are only trapped by your lack of intelligence, which I cannot help you with.
I'll mention it to you once more. The reporting of material events is contingent upon
a) understanding the facts completely enough to issue an accurate statement. Analyzing dat takes time this gives them a very good defense and
b) There si NO statutory time limit in which "other" material events must be reported. NONE. So the failure to report for instance a bad interim analysis is not subject to ANY hard and fast disclosure time frame. You are making a fool's mistake if your "analysis" includes the failure to report bad news as an element of your decision making process.
a) There will be no fast track designation, Patently absurd if you knew anything about clinical trials. As is the notion that they will just be able to expand the N in this trial. Any identified subgroup would have to start from scratch.
b) The reporting certain "other" material events is NOT subject to any mandatory reporting date, A bad interim would fall under the "other category" If you are hanging your hat on silence establishing that there is "no materially bad news" you are simply foolish.
c) Linda will never be gone she controls a majority of the stock. Do you know anything abut NWBO at all?at all?
Pay attention!
rationalthought11 • Nov 20, 2014 5:37 PM Remove Reply
Anyone bother to read the 10-q More dilution just around the corner. You been warned. You're welcome
New Topic
rationalthought11 • Jul 12, 2011 2:18 AM funding no longer the problem-dilution
rationalthought11 • Aug 11, 2012 1:57
unless they get the underwriting completed they won't finish the trial. In addition, more dilution is coming
0users liked this postsusers disliked this posts2Reply
science good - finance bad
by rationalthought11 • Aug 15, 2013 12:25 AM Remove
The issue with many junior biotech stocks ins't the science - it's finance. The two aren't unrelated. Financing often follows promising science.. That said, I believe in this case the science is promising but they can't seem to get ahead of the financing curve. Stock valuation is all fantasy. Even good interim results won't solve the dilution issue. Sad.
YOU don't know #$%$. a) Presidents don't make laws. b) presidents don't have any authority to make states change their laws. There has never been a federal libel law. No one in Congress has ever said a word about libel laws so there is ZERO interest in it.
And how will they be "opened up"? Media corporations can already be sued for libel. Trump is a litigious fool with no understanding of the law (except of course bankruptcy). If someone posts demonstrably false FACTS that cause him damage, Trump can sue. And no law restricting opinion will ever get past the Supreme Court even if it is filled with fascists like Scalia Rehnquist and Roberts.
I done told ya so a long time ago that you needed to figure in additional dilution for your pie in the sky fantasies.
Keep reaching. Get back to scouring my old posts. Why you may even quote me correctly if you keep trying. Backt to work. Albeit macho frei
Heeeeeee-hawwwwww donkey! keep fretting about the imaginary aliens sneaking across the border rapists murderers drug dealers and now infected with STD's too OMG!!! Keep fretting while the Kochsuckers and the crony capitalists pick your pockets. And if you believe the GOP is for less government you must have just come out of a coma. Keep on listening to the sound bites your masters flog you with. There must be high school seducatted right wing radio show on somewhere. What are you here??
First time GOP voter? --bulllschiittt/ Your previous posts mark you as a teabag.
A primary race among hitle,r Rainman,Steppin' fetchit, Curly, and anchor baby is hardly a primary
In truth all their patents are virtually useless. Process patents are relatively easy to circumvent. Composition of matter patents is where it's at in pharma and biotech and NWBO has ZERO composition of matter patents.
What insider corruption teabag??
Look 50% of folks are dumber than average. That is axiomatic.And Trump polls best among the uneducated like the self admitted monkey. So Trump will get a lot of votes. The dems are good at snatching defeat from the jaws of victory, I mean they couldn't even beat the deserter after the unnecessary disasterous slaughter in Iraq and letting 9/11 happen so it will be close.
Accelerated approval. You must be kidding. If the made and AA submission they would have told before they even applied. Silence is NOT your friend in Biotech. 6 months of silence is a death sentence.


text:
>Runner's World - My Event Ratings>
In short: Races don't get betterIn full: Given that I have run 96 marathons to date & hundreds of other races at all distances, I believe I have seen it all. In my past 20 years of running I have never nominated a best race, however, I have finally made my decision & this event is the best! I have ran Bewl 15 8 times & not only is it an interesting circular course, but changing with 75% off road & 25% tarmac. There is always a great view. At least 3 wet sponge stops, plenty of water stations giving out bottles of water or lucozade (not minimalistic paper/plastic cups), with sweets & oranges. At the finish you get a medal, decent vest, proper goodie bag, free tea/coffee & a draft beer. You can also eat as many cakes as you want too & a brass band welcoming you in. All for a decent price as well. Races/events don't get better than this.Date of review: July 3, 2016
In short: Being an out & back course - you know where the hills are.In full: One of the hardest marathons that I have ran, but most enjoyable. Most of the course is in the woods which was welcomed given that it was a sunny & warm day. Well marked course - didn't get lost. The feed stations were excellent. Four on the way out & yes 4 on the way back. Great cheery marshals too. The medal was the biggest one that I have ever received & I have ran some 87 marathons & some 400 races to date.Only negative was the lack of parking at the start. The walk to the start wasn't too bad, but next year hire a field?Date of review: July 20, 2015
In short: Great views, but .....In full: Ran the marathon course two years ago. Today did the half marathon:The good:Two well stocked food stations;Good range of cake & drinks at the end;Fab mug;Nice medal.The bad:No marshals;Poor or very poor signage in places. I got lost 3 times in this event & ended up running more than an extra mile. Farming said 14.8 miles. At least 30 of us went wrong at one point.Date of review: May 24, 2015
In short: Bewl-tofull In full: Pleased with a 4:02 at Bewl reservoir marathon this morning. If you like small fields, mainly trail running, not too hilly, running close to water but not on the prom, lots of shade, a very large bling of medal, 8 feed stations all with variety of drinks gels & cakes, loads of bluebells & smashing views then this is the marathon for you!Date of review: May 9, 2015
In short: What goes up .......In full: My 80th marathon & one of the best so far. Finished in 4:03 & was pleased that I ran it all (just!). Views to die for & the weather behaved itself. Some food on route & on the finish line & rubbish bags on route would be recommended improvements. Felt embarrassed to litter on route but there was no other option. Really enjoyed the run.Date of review: October 30, 2014
In short: So where were you Nessie?In full: Travelled up from the South Coast to Inverness to run this marathon, & was not disappointed. The pasta party the day before was well organised & the food plentiful. On the morning of the event, the coaches took us to the start like clockwork. A bit of a wait at the start & fortunately the weather was fine, however, it is exposed & I wonder what plans the organisers would make if conditions were poor, to protect the runners from the elements.As for the race itself, I was prepared for the downhill start, however, was not prepared for all the inclines. There are quite a few short sharp hills which were unexpected. The actual hill at mile 18 was not as hard as I thought. However, I am an experienced marathon runner. This was my 79th marathon - it was also the most difficult road one that I have done, so PBs are not going to happen here, unless you have only run a few marathon. Water stations, gels & sustenance were plenty & the t-shirt, medal & goody bag at the end great. I couldn't eat the meal given at the end, just can't eat after a marathon. It was appreciated & all included within the price.As for Nessie. No sign of her, though one of her little helpers gave me a great Nessie medal at the end.Date of review: September 29, 2014
In short: The only way is up ....... after 7 miles!In full: A great trail race, with two water stops, wonderful Sussex Downs, views to die for; 3 different races; downhill finish; clif bar at the end with a medal; great marshals & well sign posted. Will be back.Date of review: September 14, 2014
In short: Good Old Sussex By T he Sea!In full: Hats off to the organisers for taking on board the criticism of the Winter Longman event. Plenty of emails sent before the event giving updates, a car park organised, loos at the beginning & an easy registration process. The course was undulating, South Downs Way has been well trodden by me over the years (am a local). Two miles out and two miles back to Devils Dyke then some loops & up to Saddlescombe then back. Very misty in parts (all part of the fun), interspersed with warm sunny bits - typical autumn weather.My only criticism was a lack of signs at some key places. With only 30 of us running the 10m it wasn't long before you were on your own & at one point I took a wrong turn, ended up at Royal Oak pub Fulking, rather than down the Dyke valley. Fortunately, as a local I knew which way to go & ended up running a mile on the road till Saddlescombe. My mileage by hook or crook ended up at 9.87m. Would recommend spray painting on the grass, as the organisers seem restricted to the number of marshalls they can muster.The goodie bag at the end was great, technical shirt, medal, hot chocolate at the finish, clif bar & clif chews at the start too.This could be the start of great things for Longman. Date of review: September 7, 2014
In short: Has potentialIn full: Am happy to start this years review. Ran the marathon distance & it was my first time running this event. On the plus side the course was flat, mainly shaded & has potential as a PB.The downsides - the half marathon runners & marotheners started together, but it was confusing who was running each event, as the colour bibs seemed interchangeable. Also a number of runners seemed to have set off earlier so it was unclear whom was in front of you. The water stations were inadequate. Only 5 for a marathon in August! And most of them only with cups of water. If it would have been a hot day there would have been pandemonium.The decision to run past the finish line at 24 miles was cruel. Why not do those first two miles first?At the end to be handed only a medal for £27 was not enough for the fee. The water at the end wasn't close to the finish line either. Apparently there was a bowl of crisps, but by the time if finished they were gone.Date of review: August 23, 2014
In short: Hard as NailsIn full: As an experienced marathon runner, of 75 marathons (before this event), I thought that I had seen it all ..... until yesterday! I am a 3:30-3:40 road runner, 4:00-4.30 cross country marathon runner, so the thought of a 3 hour cut off at the half way mark would be no problem .....! I only made it by a few minutes!!Unless you are a sub 3:45 road runner you have no chance!The course is brutal, in fact cruel - I suppose it is part of the allure?Very little easy running & nasty out & backs with some 1400 steps.Advertised as suitable for road shoes (disagree), I wish I had worn trail ones - whilst dry under foot, it would have helped with the very steep ascents/desents. 4 sets of stepping stones over the river, with the last set at mile 26 was cruel.I measured the race at just shy of 27 miles too.The marshalls were brilliant & to be out in the sticks for hours upon end was so appreciative.The feeding stations were plentiful & frequent.Disappointing at the end that the Picnic was minimal with only water & a few sarnies left.Also to run out of medium shirts & be presented with XL was not appreciated.The mile markers were totally out of scint too.All in all - a unique race. I see why the marathon is only ran once every two years.Never have I finished a marathon in 6hrs+Date of review: June 22, 2014
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