text: CATALOG 607 AMERICAN GAS FURNACE CO. ELIZABETH, B, NEW JERSEY INTERNATIONAL Digitized by The Association for Preservation Technology International For the Building Technology Heritage Library http://archive.orq /deta ils/buildinatechnoloavheritaqelibrary -4^,c M, Ukc; C3 O X -I UJ Si o Catalog -■< No. 607 AMERICAN GAS FURNACE CO. ELIZABETH - - NEW JERSEY COPYRIGHT 1959 AMERICAN GAS FURNACE CO. CO UJ UJ O CO < => z I- DC 3 UJ < QC z CO i o 5 w Questionnaire In submitting your inquiry your cooperation in giving us the information requested in this questionnaire will be appreciated. 1. Process a. Hardening b. Tempering c. Annealing d. Normalizing e. Carburizing f. Nitriding g. Ni-Carbing h 8. Aut. Tern. Control a. Make b. Type c. Current 9. Thermocouple a. Kind ....... b. Diameter. . . c. Location. . . 2. Work a. Size b. Weight. 3. Material Type a. Steel b. Brass AVAILABLE 10. Fuel, Kind a. B.T.U b. Pressure 11. Air a. Pressure. b. Vol REQUIRED 4. Production a. Lbs./hr b. Operating hr./day 5. Temperature a. Max b. Min 6. Heating Time a. To Heat. . . b. Soak .... . 7. Quench a. Oil... 12. Elec. AC. .DC. Volts Cycles Phases No. of wires . . 13. Floor Space 14. Labor Type. ./hr. 15. Present Method a. Cost b. Details in report. . . 16. Proposed Method .Water. Page ii C3 O X AC 'E Foreword T^OUNDED in 1878, the American Gas Furnace *- Company conceived and manufactured the first air-gas-fired* heating appliances. Today, we con- tinue to supply modern equipment for using gas in the heating processes and present in this catalog a complete line of furnaces and burners ; equipment that not only performs the heating operations required of it but in addition does it in the shortest possible time with the minimum of gas. As a result considerable saving in time, money and labor is possible. "1 3 W 1 g s * CJ it u. 62 J i I c is CO 1 > fc !^ o * I 1 H Z o iu oc: t oc ~ The following pages briefly tell the story of the many products manufactured. It is hoped that they will assist you in selecting equipment which will more efficiently serve your present needs and which may be best adapted to your new requirements as they arise. A. G. F. engineers stand ready to give you the benefit of their experience at all times. P. C. OSTERMAN President il w hi uj o DO < 3 Z H OC 3 *The principle (using air under positive pressure to entrain the gas) upon which to this day the overwhelming majority of all gas-fired industrial furnaces are operated. <J J- £ « ' O uj H O UJ < cc z -1 % 1 -1 p LJ ^ 00 page hi '"pHIS catalog brings to your attention only standardized A burners, furnaces, and heating machines. It has not been possible to include the many special designs which we have built in more than 80 years of service to industry ; therefore may we suggest that you consult us before deciding on new equipment. One of the specials may be better adapted to your needs than a standard. Our engineers and years of experience are at your service. YOUR A.G.F. REPRESENTATIVE IS: Page iv ~ : Product Index < => Product Index Air Blowers 163-165 All Purpose Forges 110-111 Aluminum Melters 124, 123 Ammonia Dissociator 75-78 Annealing Furnaces and Machines Box Type 88-96 Conveyor Belt 26-28 Flame Type 32-34 Muffle Type 55, 58-61 Retort Type 48-52, 69-74 Rotary Retort Batch Type 41-46 Continuous Type 19-20 Shaker Hearth 10 Assay Furnaces 53 Atmosphere Gas Mixing Cabinet 167 Automatic Quenching Tanks 35-40 Automatic Temperature Control Equipment 171 Ball Joints 146 Bell Oven Furnaces 57 Bell Retort Furnaces 69-74 Bench Forges 107-111 Blowers, Turbo 163-165 Blowpipes, Hand Air -Gas 127-129 On and Off 128 Oxygen -Gas . ■ 141 Blowpipes, Stand 127, 129 Boosters, Gas 165 Box Type Furnaces (See Furnaces, Oven) Brass Melters . ■ 123 Brazing Furnaces • ■ 55-61, 68-74 Burner Accessories .... 146 Burner Manifolds 146 Burner Tunnels 154 Burners Blast 130, 132 Fishtail Air-Gas - 134, 135 Oxygen -Gas ■ 140 Flame Retention . . 130 Furnace 149-153 Glass Fire 136 Insert 142 Machlet Tip 131, 132 Open Flame 130 Oxygen-Gas 140-142 Ribbon 133, 134 Ring 145 Round Blast 132 Tell-Tale 172 Bushings, Burner 154 Calcining Furnaces Rotary Retort, Batch 41-46 Rotary Retort, Continuous 19-20 Carburizers Continuous (Light Case) 1-10 Rotary Retort (Batch Type) .41-44 Rotary Retort (Continuous Type) 11-21 Vertical Retort (See also Bell Retort Furnaces) .47-52, 45 Cement, Furnace 174 Cocks & Valves. . 175 Combination Oxygen- Air-Gas Venturi Mixer 144 Compressed Air Reduction Equipment 148, 166 Compressors, Turbo 163-165 Continuous Furnaces Reciprocating (Shaker Hearth) 1-10 Rotary Retort 11-21 (See also Furnaces, Conveyor) Control Valves 173 PAGE V - Z ■! < * I O UJ DC UJ o GO < 3 Z O uj t- o A UJ U. 00 Product Index (Cont'd) Controlled Atmosphere Muffle Furnaces Batch Type 41 _ 61 69 _ 74 (Continuous j _2g Conveyor Furnaces and Machines 22-34 Cross Fires 137 Cutlery Forges. . U5 Cyanide Furnaces 97-105 Cylindrical Furnaces Horizontal 53.^ Vertical , 79 gQ Diamond Block Furnaces 81-8S Dissociator, Ammonia 75-78 Double Entrance Oven Furnaces " % Fire Checks 142 Fishtail Burners £*- G * s ^ 135, 134 i7i 0xy 1 ^ n " Gas 140 Flow Meters 168 169 Forges All Purpose 1 10 |j| Bench '.'.".'.".'. V. '.'.'. 107-109 Cutlery 1 15 Double Entrance 107-111, 1U, 115 Heavy Duty 1 14 Regular H3 Van Stoning 115 Furnace Burner Selection 150 161 Furnace Burners 149-153 Furnace Cement ... 174 Furnace Table 86 87 Furnaces Assay 53 Bell Retort 69-74 Conveyor 22-34 Conveyor, Mesh Belt 72-78 Cylindrical Horizontal 53.58 Vertical 79 80 Diamond Block 81-85 Direct Flame Heating Conveyorized 32-34 High Speed 81-85 Muffle g atch 53-61 N* C & ntim ^°u 1 1 " 10 * 22 " 28 Muffle (Tube) 63-68 Oven "..'.'..'..'... 81-96 Oven, Double Entrance 95 g *; • ■ -. '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. .97-105 Reciprocating 1 _1Q Retort g e " ■ ■ 69-74 Kotary * atc }} ■ 41-46 Continuous 11-21 Vertical 47~52 (See also Retort, Bell) Roller Hearth 31 | alt g at h 100-105 tu W | Ha u enu L S 31, 79, 80 Shaker Hearth 1_10 Tempering Rotary Retort. . ' 45 Tool Room 8 1_ 85 g 8 _ 9ii I ube 63-68 Gauges, Manifold Pressure 172 Glass Fires ....'.'..'.'.'..'.. ' 136 Gold and Silver Melters 117-121 Hand Torches ...... .... 127-129, 138, 139, 141 Heaters Kivet . , 112 Page vi Product Index (Cont'd) Heaters Soldering Iron Ill Heating Machines Conveyor 22-34 Direct Flame Heating . 32-34 Reciprocating (Shaker Hearth) 1-10 Roller Hearth 31 Rotary Retort 11-21, 41-46 Saw Hardening 31 Heavy Duty Forges 114 Hex Elbows 146 High Heat Melters 122 High Pressure Air Reduction Equipment 148, 166 High Speed Furnaces 81-85 Insert Burners 142 Lead Bath Hardening Furnaces 97, 100-105 Lead Melting Pots 118, 125 Lighting Torches 175 Machlet Tips 131, 132 Manifold Pressure Gauges 172 Manifolds 146 Melters Aluminum . . 124 Brass 123 High Temperature 122 Lead 118, 125 Precious Metals 117-121 Mesh Belt Conveyor Furnaces ... 22-28 Meters, Flow 168-169 Mixers High Pressure Air 148, 166 Venturi, Air-Gas 156, 157 Venturi, Combination Oxygen-Air-Gas 144 Venturi, Oxygen-Gas 143 Muffle Furnaces Batch Type 53-61 Continuous 1-10, 22-28 Cooling Extension Type . 55, 58-61 Tube Type 63-68 Ni Garbing - 177-178 Nozzle Mixing Burners 140 Opposed Flame Torches 138, 139 Oven Furnaces ■ 81-96 Oxygen-Gas Burner Equipment 140-142 Pot Furnaces 97-105 Pyrometers, Indicating 170 Quench Tanks, Automatic 35-40 Reciprocating Furnaces 1-10 Rectangular Pot Furnaces 99, 104, 105 Regular Forges • • 113 Regular Melters 119-121 Regulators, Gas, Zero 155 Ribbon Burners 133, 134 Rivet Heaters 112 Roller Hearth Furnaces 31 Rotary Retort Carburizers Batch Type 41-44 Continuous Type , 11-21 Rotary Retort Furnaces Batch Type 41-46 Continuous Type 11-21 Round Blast Tips 132 Salt Bath Furnaces 100-105 Saw Hardening Machines and Furnaces 31, 79, 80 School Shop Table 86, 87 Shaker Hearth Furnaces 1-10 Single Valve Ratio Set Selection 160, 161 Single Valve Ratio Sets 158, 159 Soft Metal Burners 145 Soft Metal Melters 118, 125 Soldering Iron Heater 1 1 1 > h- r ' _ o < I t DC -I £ PAGE VII Product Index (Cont'd) Stainless Steel Processing Furnaces 10, 58-61, 63-67 69-74 Swivels, Burner ' ~ *' 146 Tanks, Quench, Automatic 15_<M Tell Tale Burner 172 Tempering Furnaces Rotary Retort. /. «• «• » Tool Room Furnaces 81 _ 8S 88 _ 9 5 Torches P. a "f 127-129, 138, 139, 141 Lighting 175 Tube Furnaces 63-68 Tunnels. Burner j£ 4 Turbo Compressors 163-16$ Valve, Control, Air, Solenoid Operated 173 Van Stoning Forges ' ' \\b Venturi Mixers. 143 144i 1S6 157 Vertical Cylindrical Furnaces 79 80 Vertical Retort Furnaces 47-57, 69 ^3 Vertical Retort Gas Carburizers " 47-52 Zero Gas Governors '....'....,, 155 Page vi Reciprocating Hearth Furnaces Continuous Rotary Furnaces Mesh Belt Conveyor Furnaces Chain Belt Conveyor Furnaces Flame Hardening and Heating Machines An automatic production line for heat treating comprising a Model 240 Reciprocating Furnace, Automatic Quenching Tank, modified Series 300 Conveyor Furnace arranged for tempering and a Conveyorized Quenching Tank. 1 4 v> o z 1- < < t- s T o o § u 3 Improved Series 200 J Controlled Atmosphere Reciprocating Furnaces Mode ^RECIPROCATING Hearth Furnaces or "Shaker Hearth Furnaces' 1 were originated and introduced by the American Gas Furnace Company in 1921. The basic principle of opera- tion consists of imparting a forward movement to the work conveying hearth and the work pieces resting on it. This forward movement of the hearth and work is interrupted suddenly, causing the work pieces to advance along the hearth by their own momentum. A simple mechanical drive repeats this movement at the desired rate. Any desired processing atmosphere and cycle time can be easily maintained in the new style A.G.F. Reciprocating Furnaces. Even the lightest and most delicate work can be handled without distortion. The improved Series 200 Reciprocating Hearth Furnaces in- corporate a stationary fully sealed muffle in which a rela- tively light hearth is reciprocated on free floating rollers. The construction of the latest style Reciprocating Furnaces incor- porates many new engineering features and refinements which provide many advantages over previous models, including : • The ability to remove the work conveying hearth for inspection, for cleaning its surface or for minor main- tenance. • Elimination of physical stresses resulting from muffle reciprocation. >!2 ill PAGE 1 ^^ Model 238-A Reciprocating Furnaces /pjl PENPOINTS I LOCK WASHEHS ^STAMPINGS • Alloy life is increased. The muffle floor is not quenched by cold work, thus eliminating the possibility of thermal stressing. The hearth is also supported above the muffle floor on free floating rollers to eliminate conductive heating. The parts traveling along the work conveying hearth are heated by radiation from all of the surround- ing muffle surfaces. • Quieter operation is achieved because only a relatively light hearth is reciprocated back and forth. • Shorter processing cycles can be more easily maintained in larger size models. OPERATIONAL ADVANTAGES Uniform and Individualized Treatment. Each work piece is uniformly heated in a controlled atmosphere within the muffle during all stages of the processing cycle. Each piece re- ceives its own individualized quench as the work parts continuously trickle off the work conveying hearth, dropping singly into the quench. Versatility. A.G.F. Reciprocating Furnaces can be used without any modification BALL RACES BLANKS NUTS SPRINGS PLIERS Page 2 whatsoever for various types of general and atmosphere work such as carburizing, case hardening, the "Ni-Carb" process of ammonia -gas carburizing, bright hardening, etc. Parts ranging from balls for ball point pens up to heavy forgings can be pro- cessed in the same model. Processing time cycle is completely adjustable. Flexibility. Production heat treating depart- ments can handle small as well as large production lots on a con- tinuous basis. Large production runs can be easily interrupted to permit processing small batches which are more urgently required. Positive Atmosphere Control. Construction enables positive at- mosphere control of the desired atmosphere within the muffle through all stages of the processing cycle. The new Series 200 Recipro- cating Furnaces can be equipped with special provisions for handling hydrogen or cracked ammonia at- mosphere for heat treating stain- less steels. Thermal Efficiency. Only the work enters and leaves the heating chamber. There is no belt or conveyor to remove heat and waste fuel. Simplicity. A. G. F. Reciprocating Furnaces have no wearing parts in the heat, making maintenance easy and un- complicated. Reduced Handling Costs. Automatic feeders can be supplied to eliminate costly work handling in charging the furnace. These page 3 ? 0E jiS \ hi - y UJ < > z °s ■A i F z O UJ DC t cc p 'A uj u is I o < CO new feeders will handle a majority of the parts normally handled in production heat treating. If unusually shaped pieces are to be processed, the portable feeder can be easily moved to one side to permit manual feeding. Capacities. A.G.F. Series 200 Reciprocating Furnaces are available in various sizes having production capacities up to 800 pounds per hour, see tabulation on page 9. The actual production rate depends on the weight of the parts relative to their bulk, the cross sec- tion of the parts and the desired processing time cycle. Construction Features. A.G.F. Reciprocating Furnaces are engineered and built to with- stand the severe and continuous service to which these furnaces are subjected in production heat treating departments and commercial heat treating plants. Reciprocating Hearth Furnace Cross Sectional Diagram OIL LEVEL Page 4 5 « O uj >- u. u GENERAL CONSTRUCTION Stationary Alloy Muffle. The stationary alloy muffle completely encloses the work conveying hearth. The discharge throat of the muffle has a 100% atmosphere seal. The muffle entrance is adjustable to suit the work pieces, thus more positively containing the atmos- phere within the muffle. A piloted type fume eductor is provided for the discharge throat of the muffle to exhaust any quenching medium vapors and to ignite them if they are flammable. The muffle is cast of the best available heat-resisting alloy, composition 60% nickel, 12% chromium, to withstand operation at temperatures up to 1850°F. Numerous heat-resisting alloy bars are employed to uniformly support the muffle on the refractory piers throughout its heated length. IS P 5E Easily Removable Alloy Hearth. Removal of the work conveying hearth is easily accomplished, thus facilitating cleaning and inspection. The hearth is supplied of the best available high grade heat- resisting alloy, composition 60% nickel, 12% chromium or better, and is supported within the muffle on free floating alloy rollers. To insure smooth flow of work pieces the hearth is made in one piece. For long thin pieces, the work conveying hearth is grooved longitudinally to insure that such parts travel with their long axis parallel with the length of the hearth. For balls or other work wherever it is necessary, transverse grooves can be supplied. ?t £ p m < 3 Z Simple, Trouble -Free Mechanical Drive. The rugged and uncomplicated drive mechanism comprises a cam driven by a Reeves variable speed transmission, actuating a spring loaded lever which drives the work conveying hearth. Drive maintenance problems are eliminated. Page 5 < CO Reciprocating Furnaces Model 260 High Quality, High Efficiency Lining. The lining comprises 4y 2 " of high grade insulating refractory backed up with block insulation. Low heat storage and low heat loss provides faster heating -up and more economical operation. Combustion System. The new Series 200 Reciprocating Furnaces are equipped with mult i -zone combustion systems designed to achieve extremely uniform and rapid heating of the muffle. Maximum tempera- ture uniformity is assured by the use of many burners firing into both sides of the amply sized combustion chamber, both above and below the muffle. Each burner has a relatively small heat input and is sized ac- cording to its location on the furnace to obtain uniform heat distribution and temperature. Alloy burners and super re- fractory burner tunnels are employed for long life with freedom from repairs. Page 6 TEMPERING ^ — FURNACE WASHING MACHINE QUENCHING TANK r -7< RECIPROCATING FURNACE ROTARY Fttnt-.R I WASHING ; n ■? MACHINE Mi TEMPERING FURNACE Solid line shows an "in-line" installation; dotted line shows a "reversing loop." Casing. The furnace casing is constructed of welded steel plate suitably reinforced with structural members welded and bolted together. The drive mechanism is mounted in a separate extension apart from the heating chamber. A special foundation is not required except for anchoring the drive mechanism extension. Outer Discharge Chute. The discharge chute is mounted directly on to the discharge throat of the stationary muffle. For special applications, the muffle throat can be equipped with a divert er type discharge chute extension for dual quenching arrangements, etc. PROCESSING TIME CYCLE REGULATION Control of the processing time cycle is easily accomplished by adjustment of the variable speed motor drive. Where extremely long processing time cycles are required, the Series 200 Recipro- cating Furnaces can be equipped with an interrupter type timer at a slight additional charge. F. M. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS Series 200 Reciprocating Furnaces can be equipped with the necessary extra devices to comply with Factory Mutual require- ments at a slight additional charge. page 7 lb o u -J* CO ' So s ° I ° ATMOSPHERE GAS CONTROL A.G.F. Atmosphere Gas Mixing Cabinets as illustrated on page 167 are employed to enable the measurement and control of the flow of the atmosphere gases that are to be introduced into the muffle of the furnace. ATMOSPHERE GAS GENERATORS Where a supply of atmosphere gas is not available, a suitable endothermic or charcoal gas generator can be furnished. For the processing of stainless steels, a dissociator can be supplied to furnish cracked ammonia atmosphere. AUTOMATIC QUENCHING TANKS Complete automatic Quenching Tanks as per pages 35-40, having a variable speed motor drive, recirculating pump, etc. are supplied for use with Series 200 Reciprocating Furnaces. A.G.F. Quenching Tanks can be supplied for oil, water or brine quenching. A.G.F. Quenching Tanks are designed for installation "in line 11 or at "right angle" to the Reciprocating Furnace. AUTOMATIC WASHING AND TEMPERING EQUIPMENT Automatic washing and tempering equipment can be supplied for use in conjunction with A.G.F. Series 200 Reciprocating Furnaces and Automatic Quenching Tanks. The installation lends itself to either an "in-line 11 or ( loop 11 arrangement as illustrated on page 7. reversing Note that the "reversing loop' 1 installation permits discharging the processed work immediately adjacent to the charging end of the Reciprocating Furnace. The center aisle of the "reversing loop 11 provides easy access to all equipment for maintenance as well as providing space for installing accessory equipment. Page 8 Reciprocating Furnaces - 5 Q5 vOi rgs ro- ©- 1 E boo -^O moo Tf -X) ^ \D T-i^D O^'* wro HTf Hrt ^h ro C4r0 3JnSB9JAI J* J* ^H ■*.* J**~* v N « XX 1 #uiddiq$ b^r bio ON b N kfS 1 ION aieiuixcuddy X>iO tN.m 00 us t^irs fs*« tNlO ?«F j*^x xx ^x^x JAM ^X^X TfO baO NN rob rob rob '■*J to ■* %n^r \D*f) rvifs K *£> INIO o X> © © © © o tx O © IC © 4j sq-j 'jLjSia^ Suiddiqcj ©^ 00 © Ui - f<l lO 1 In 00*~ c* •# lO oo* v ^-t ^H w* r4 s 1 o o o © © © •^ i o o © © LO 1 | sqq 'auSra^ ^ N r i ©^ o^ iC r^ vD 00" r<T fO ^f tC i— i i— ( i— i r-i t- u t6 § 00 S S r^> 3 T3 £ 2 J | i—i "K X J* ^X X M 1 s U, c/) ^ b © fO ro ro U3 K Ix IN tN « 3J9qdsoujay 3 UJ n JAJ ^ ^ ;? ^ ^ ^ & 1 1 1 S 3 sbo ^ i— i 1—1 ^ i— t r^ tpl jiy N r* rO CO ro ro CO X X X X X X b 1 4-> ^ u JH/3J n D 2* 2* 2* 2* 2* pajmbs-y sbq b k" 5 & £ 'K < < < < < < A •M "- V u « o O © © © © ^ . e- 3 o O »« \r> iO Wi h » r? Q .j j H/nj.g K ©^ If} i-H r* *** ro x&| a E 1 9 fc 5 m co 55 1— « si! JH/y n 3 00 © »« N rs g sbo 5 B N co lO ts, tx tN © Oo c rrj/g osoi _T tf)«M v Sis Ul bs/ qj l IB CO W5 m iC W5 00 •b3^ J)V XB(^ X> 00 co (T3 fO 00 el" qiSuaq GO 00 b 00 00 ^r p35B3J-J ^ rs i—i rv ts Tf 3jqB[iBAy ** 1— ( c 5 -m x ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^s 5 u Z 3iqB|iBAy ^0 r0 Tf s- Wi 3 5 5 ; ; ^ t J mO' xojddy 'qiplAA n c* 00 i-H £3S anoij J3d sq] xojdde 'A^iOBde^) o i— 1 © O © © © 00 S CO < ^ Q U 158 nj ofsj aoBuanj SU)5BOOjdp3^J 1 00 ro i o CO i © i © S rs co c* rs ts rs 4- * P. \GE 9 O UJ o I si . O o ■ OC t; z ? ; < I H Z o uj el < it I UJ u if! Ul U CO < 5 Z 1- 0: O ul K o fei < cc z CO ' ft S co < w Reciprocating Furnace for Bright Annealing and Hardening of Stainless Parts Model 267-heated muffle hearth 7V4" wide by 52" long. 'pHE Model 267 Reciprocating Furnace has a capacity of up to 80 lbs. of stainless steel parts per hour, operating at tem- peratures up to 2000°F. An alloy muffle . . . incorporating purging, heating and water- jacketed cooling sections . . . seals into an automatic conveyor- ized oil tank and permits maintenance of hydrogen or dis- sociated ammonia atmosphere with dew-points as low as minus 80° to minus 90°F. The full seal construction of the muffle insures complete at- mosphere uniformity throughout the entire processing cycle and lowers the required consumption of atmosphere gas. Parts travel, individually, through the entire processing cycle and are under observation at all times. Eliminates the inherent disadvantages of batch purging, heating and cooling . . Guess work and timing by the operator is com! pletely eliminated. Page 10 Model 139-MD Controlled Atmosphere Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces A.G.F/s new line of Controlled Atmosphere Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces retains all of the sound and time proven basic principles of operation and construction originally introduced by the American Gas Furnace Company in the first Rotary Retort Furnaces manufactured in 1896. These latest style furnaces incorporate many new improvements and refinements which increase their production capacity, permit more exacting control of processing atmosphere and temperature, and simplify operating procedure. A completely new combustion system and other engineering features permit processing ferrous or non-ferrous parts at temperatures from 600°F. to 1850°F. Clean hardening, am- monia-gas case hardening, light case carburizing of steel parts or the heat treating of aluminum parts can be accomplished with equal ease and without any modification of the furnace. The improved versatility of the A.G.F. Continuous Rotary Furnaces make them the ideal production units for the heat treating department of small parts manufacturers or for use by commercial heat treaters. PAGE 1 1 O 2 Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces For heat treating parts which can be subjected to a gentlt tumbling action in the order of 1 or 2 r.p.m,, the new A.G.F. Continuous Rotary Retort Furnace affords economies of opera- tion which permit heat treating at the lowest possible cost. OPERATIONAL ADVANTAGES Automatic Feeding for Low -Cost Continuous Operation A.G.F. Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces are equipped with an improved large capacity feed hopper having an adjust- able self -metering arrangement which permits preloading of work for continuous feeding. New door mechanism on the hopper reduces work loading time to a minimum. Uniform Processing of the Work is Assured. The new Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces eliminate the disadvantages of batch heat treatment and batch quenching. Retort rotation mixes the work, uniformly heating and exposing each piece to the controlled atmosphere within the retort. Each work piece receives an individual quench as it drops into the quenching medium. Flexibility. These improved Controlled Atmosphere Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces can be used without any modification what- soever for various types of general and atmosphere work at processing temperatures from 600°F. to 1850°F. Steel parts can be carburized, case hardened, "Mi-Garbed" or clean hard- ened. Aluminum and other non-ferrous metals can be heat treated under atmosphere control at any desired temperature Processing time cycle is easily controlled by means of a variable speed motor drive. Normal processing times available range from 3 to 4 minutes to upwards of an hour. Special drive arrangements can be supplied to achieve longer time cycles required for deep casing or carburizing. The same model will accommodate parts ranging in size from small washers to forgings for universal joints, etc. Page 12 Model 136-MG Reduced Maintenance and Operating Costs. Alloy parts remain within the heating chamber at all times, thus eliminating the principal cause of alloy failure— repeated heating and cooling. Work only enters and leaves the furnace heating chamber. There are no baskets or trays to carry heat out of the furnace or to require maintenance. All moving mechanical parts on A.G.F. Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces are located outside of the hot areas of the furnace. There are no chains, conveyors or other troublesome mechanisms employed in the furnace heating chamber. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION The work parts are charged into an automatic hopper feeding device which continuously feeds them into the retort. The retort which is rotated within a heating chamber has an integral internal spiral which advances the work through the heat. The parts leaving the retort fall through a unique sealing hood assembly located within the heating chamber and into the quench. The feed hopper and sealing hood assembly are designed and constructed to enable practically positive control of the desired atmosphere within the retort through all stages of the processing cycle. i- < < h- n x°i\ O UJ cc Page 13 Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces CAPACITY The capacity of each furnace is dependent to a considerable extent upon the individual user, the cross section of the parts, the weight of the parts relative to their bulk, and the processing time cycle. The range of production capacity of various models is from 150 to 1500 pounds per hour. CONSTRUCTION New construction features and design modifications have been incorporated in the latest model Controlled Atmosphere Rotary Furnaces to provide greater ease of operation, increased produc- tion, less maintenance and longer alloy life. Principal construction features are shown in the cross sectional diagram on page 16 and include : Heavy-Wall Alloy Retort. The retort with integral spiral is cast of heat-resisting alloy, composition 60% nickel, 12% chromium, to withstand operation at temperatures up to 1850°F. Alloy Sealing Hood. This assembly cast of alloy, composition 60% nickel, 12% chromium, is employed within the heating chamber to permit quenching of the work from retort at the proper temperature and under atmosphere protection. High Quality, High Efficiency Lining. The lining consists of highest grade insulating refractory backed by block insulation. This type of construction has low heat storage and low heat loss factors and is employed to achieve faster heating up and more economical operation. Improved Gas Combustion System Features include : Numerous heat-resisting alloy burners firing tangent ially into the heating chamber through super refractory burner tunnels Page 14 Model 227 Continuous Rotary Retort Furnace. Feeding hopper similar to those for Model 136-MG and 139-MD can be supplied. are equipped with individual pilots for ease in lighting and safe positive operation. A.G.F. Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces are furnished with mult i -zone control of the processing temperature. Two zone control is regularly employed in the Model 136-MG and three zones of control are employed in the Model 139-MD. The Model 227 can be furnished with either three or four zone control. Casing. The furnace body is constructed of heavy sheet steel suitably reinforced. The structural steel leg assembly is designed to properly accommodate a standard A.G.F. Automatic Quenching Tank as described on pages 35-40. Feed Hopper. The assembly is fabricated of heavy sheet steel and is equipped with an inner scoop which delivers a metered amount of work pieces into the retort. The capacity of the scoop can be adjusted by means of an external hand wheel. The hopper opening is equipped with an easily operated cover device. PAGE 15 o 5 Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces Cross Sectional Diagram 6 5 4 3 2 1 OIL LEVEL 8 ft. Atmosphere Sealing Hood Assembly, 60' " Ni.. 12'- Cr. 7. Atmosphere Gas Inlet Connection 8. Outer Discharge Chute 9. Variable Speed Motor 10. Retort Supporting Rolls Retort Supporting Rolls and Bearings. Designed and built to minimize maintenance. Charge end supporting rolls are cast with wide chilled faces and are equipped with copper -graphite bearings for trouble-free operation. A new simplified roller type bearing assembly located outside of the heat supports the discharge end of the retort. Outer Discharge Chute. The work discharge chute is equipped with a piloted type fume eductor to remove quenching medium vapors and to ignite them if they are flammable. Atmosphere Gas Inlet. A suitable provision for the introduction of atmosphere gas is made at the discharge end of the retort. This connection is gas tight and stationary, eliminating the use of a stuffing box or swing joint. Variable Speed Motor Drive. The drive mechanism comprises a standard enclosed variable speed transmission and worm gear reducer selected to provide the proper speed range to suit the type of work and the proces- sing cycle times that will be employed. The motor drive assembly is mounted on an easily accessible plate in the bottom of the furnace leg frame. All exposed moving parts are protected by safety guards. Page 16 Controlled Atmosphere Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces 5-o B Retort Operating Data u ■o E Spiral Path Max. Gas Consumption u Id a c 3 3 '5tj 3 X 2ZU I a U CD D 136-MG 150 to 400 10" 5'-0" 5" 6i/ 2 " 2>/ 2 " 2%* 65 373 392,400 Approx. 200* 139-MD 400 to 900 14" 10' -0" <T 4i/ 2 " 150 865 911,000 Approx. 275* 227-D 1200 to 2000 24" 14'-0" 11" 41/2" 383 2,300 2,315,000 Approx . 650* ♦Atmosphere gas requirement listed is for an endo thermic type. If fuel gas is used, requirement would be decreased. FUEL Fuel can be either manufactured gas, reformed natural gas, natural gas or the bottled gases propane and butane. Required gas pressure is 2" to 6" water column. Furnaces can be specially equipped for operation with oil. F. M. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS A.G.F. Controlled Atmosphere Continuous Rotary Retort Furnaces can be equipped with the necessary devices to comply with Factory Mutual requirements at a slight additional charge. t 2 UJ v> : £11 o u cc t cc p AUTOMATIC QUENCHING A.G.F. Automatic Quenching Tanks for use with oil or water as described on pages 35-40 are supplied. PAGE 17 Continuous Rotary Retort Furnace (Semi-Controlled Atmosphere Type) Model No. 29-F— Internal Discharge The. Model No. 29-F, although similar in general construction to the furnaces described on pages 11-17 does not employ the elaborate construction which insures the positive atmosphere control offered in Models 136-MG and 139-MD, By setting the air-gas fuel mixture in the proper ratio, a pro- tective type atmosphere is generated which is forced out through the retort opening- The results produced by this economical furnace make it suitable for the relatively clean hardening of some parts. n Spiral | CO flj u . 6 Z 4> CO u c u o ' 3 -X 3 0* fj etc *Ig c CO Ou-v a .— fe CO Q^ *a M k8* x^^ 3 8 S3 « js-s <s £ X «0 3 2c3 co^ 3 *S O CO 29-F 75 to 100 7%" 30" | 3V 4 " 1 2" | 138 25 25 PAGE 8 Continuous Rotary Retort Annealing Furnaces THE A.G.F. Rotary Retort Furnaces described on pages 11-18 can be equipped with an external discharge arrangement as shown in the above illustration. The work can be discharged at temperature or passed into a directly connected water jacketed cooling extension. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION A.G.F. Rotary Annealing Furnaces are equipped with the latest style improved combustion system which permits annealing of ferrous and non-ferrous parts at temperatures from 600°F. to 1800°F. All of the advantageous features including the automatic feeding hopper, heavy wall alloy retort, efficient lining, multiple zone construction are incorporated in these units. For special applications these furnaces can be equipped with smooth retorts. The slope or inclination of the retort which controls the length of the heating cycle can be varied by elevating the rigidly constructed furnace frame at one end. Where direct connected cooling extensions are employed, the heating furnace and cooler are mounted on common structural members so that the slope or inclination of both may be adjusted simultaneously . U Li u £ DC Q. CO 1 > fc W "- = 2 O a ^ h- z OtU c fc = ? Continuous Rotary Calcining and Roasting Furnaces A.G.F. Rotary Retort Furnaces as described on pages 11-18 can be supplied with the external type dis- charge as illustrated. The calcined or roasted materials can be either discharged at temperature or slow cooled in a directly coupled water jacketed retort extension. These furnaces are indirect fired and equipped with mult i -zone controlled combustion systems which permit operating at temperatures from 600°F to 1850°F, Each control section can be set to provide the desired tempera- ture gradation. Page 19 No. 65-D Rotary Retort Continuous Heating Furnace for calcining oxides, carbonates, etc., for the annealing of brass between drawing operations, etc. This furnace has a tilting mechanism, automatic feeding hopper and also an adjustable feed to regulate heating time. "8 Sp ral "8 Sag, fe j_i (« i- i a E 5g be 3S £ QCQ> CTecS o> c *-> 3 cr ~£ N c a .- 48 <SC£ ■a DC bSI w^O ■ #<£■£> 3 Sis £•8 *£ £ X lei Jli 233 *65D 300 to 500 14%" 4'-2" 6" 1" 375 87 67 ♦External discharge. May also be supplied without spiral. H "tS^ ■k^ J kMH E Jff I & • IP 1 - M 5 iflp "jjfr-Blff^^ Three rotary machines with silica retorts to operate in series for special chemical requirement. The two Heating Furnaces at the right have heating chambers 7'-10" long to take a silica tube 6" I.D. x 10' -0" long. They are designed for temperatures to 1400°F. PAGE 20 h ? DC > z o a Rotary Retort Continuous Heating Furnace No. 136-MC with Auto- matic Quenching Tank. HI ► Hi I £ 1] O UJ CC h C 3 m ^ Rotary Retort Continuous Heating Furnace No. 139K and Rotary Retort Continuous Cooling Machine No, 164 designed and supplied especially for burning garnet grain prior to its application to garnet paper. The Heating Furnace is a modification of the No. 139-MD as per pages 11-18. PAGE 21 Mi LU UJ u 00 < => z h- a 3 O UJ !§ 8 cc z -4 5 CO 1 — cc M o 5 5 « 5 co < « P J Controlled Atmosphere Mesh Belt Conveyor Furnaces, Series 300 with Full Seal Work Discharge Chute for Hardening or Tempering A.G.F. Series 300 Conveyor Furnaces have a full muffle extending through the heating chamber and sealing into the quench. Work is carried through the muffle on a mesh belt conveyor and dropped into the quench through a fully sealed chute. Work remains under atmosphere protection until it is quenched. Series 300 Conveyor Furnaces can be operated at temperatures up to 1750°F. Any desired atmosphere and cycle time can be maintained and the lightest and most delicate work can be handled without distortion. Latest engineering features and refinements provide many operating advantages such as : • Full seal muffle assures positive control of atmosphere. • Processing cycle time can be closely regulated and duplicated with the improved conveyor drive mechanism, • Short processing cycles can be more easily maintained. • Automatic feeding equipment can be utilized. • Quieter operation is achieved resulting in better working conditions. Page 22 OPERATIONAL ADVANTAGES Uniform and Individualized Treatment. Each work piece is uniformly heated in a controlled atmosphere. Each piece receives its own individualized quench. Versatility. A.G.F. Controlled Atmosphere Conveyor Furnaces can be used without any modification whatsoever for various types of general and atmosphere work such as carburizing, case hard- ening bright hardening, etc. These furnaces with a modified combustion system and suitable alloy muffle are supplied for atmosphere tempering, either bright or controlled color. The processing time cycle is completely adjustable. Positive Atmosphere Control. Construction enables positive atmosphere control of the desired atmosphere within the muffle. Reduced Handling Costs. Conveyorized feeding mechanisms can be supplied to eliminate costly work handling in charging the furnace. CAPACITIES A.G.F. Series 300 Controlled Atmosphere Conveyor Furnaces are available in various sizes. The actual production rate depends on the weight of the parts relative to their bulk, the cross section of the parts and the desired processing time cycle. CONSTRUCTION FEATURES: Stationary Alloy Muffle. The stationary alloy muffle completely encloses the heated portion of the conveyor belt. The discharge throat of the muffle is equipped with a discharge chute that extends into and well below the surface of the quenching medium, thus providing a 100% atmosphere seal at the discharge end. A piloted type fume eductor is provided for the discharge throat of the muffle to exhaust any contaminating quenching medium vapors and to ignite them if they are flammable. Page 23 ib 2 DC u uj < > 2 o a i- < < t- H -3 Id id co l out I .. co UJ id o DO < => Z »- QC 3 O Ld uj Sg CO z -J? 32 00 CO ' * 1 o < CO a The muffle is of the best available heat-resisting alloy, com- position 60% nickel, 12% chromium, to withstand operation at temperatures of 1750°F. Numerous heat-resisting alloy supports are employed to uniformly support the muffle on the refractory piers located in the furnace heating chamber. Alloy Mesh Wire Conveyor Belt. The work conveying mesh wire belt is supplied of high grade heat resisting alloy material, exact specifications of construction to depend upon the work to be handled. Simple, Trouble-Free Drive. A friction drive arrangement is employed at the charging end of the furnace. The conveyor belt drive pulley is driven by a variable speed motor drive. A pressure roll arrangement is utilized to insure maximum surface contact and traction, thus reducing belt strain. High Quality, High Efficiency Lining. The lining comprises 4Vi" of high grade insulating refractory backed up with a suitable thickness of block insulation. This type of construction has low heat storage and low heat loss factors and is employed to achieve faster heating -up and more economical operation. SERIES 300 CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE MESH BELT CONVEYOR FURNACES Muffle Conveyor Operating Data Belt is* CO g — Gas Consumption co X, i J3 1 < 1 1 g-s 5 c u J t X X 3 D h cti k loo 315 sw 120" 18" 110" 135 725 761,250 525 320 tw 204" 24" 186" 188 1,090 1,141,350 425 PAGE 24 Combustion System. The new Series 300 Controlled Atmosphere Conveyor Furnaces are equipped with multi-zone combustion systems which are designed to achieve extremely uniform and rapid heating of the muffle. Maximum temperature uniformity is assured by the use of many burners firing into both sides of the amply sized combustion chamber, both above and below the muffle. Each burner has a relatively small heat input and is sized ac- cording to its location on the furnace to obtain uniform heat distribution and temperature. Manifolding of the burners is arranged to permit the heat input of various burner sections to be adjusted for balancing out. I ^ z h- < < i- i§ > Z o cc Casing. The furnace casing is constructed of welded steel plate suitably reinforced with structural members welded and bolted together. The belt drive arrangement is mounted on a suitable structural steel framework integral with the furnace casing. Processing Time Cycle Regulations. The control of the processing time cycle is completely flexible and can be accurately controlled by regulation of the variable speed motor drive. ATMOSPHERE GAS CONTROL A.G.F. Atmosphere Gas Mixing Cabinets as illustrated on page 167 are supplied to enable the measurement and control of the flow of the atmosphere gases that are to be introduced into the muffle of the furnace. AUTOMATIC QUENCHING TANKS Completely automatic Quenching Tanks as described on pages 35-40 are supplied for use with Series 300 Conveyor Furnaces. A.G.F. Quenching Tanks can be supplied for oil, water or brine quenching. AUTOMATIC WASHING AND TEMPERING EQUIPMENT Automatic washing and tempering equipment can be supplied for use in conjunction with A.G.F. Series 300 Conveyor Furnaces and Automatic Quenching Tanks. PAGE 25 * = s o C cc uj u g!| s i UJ uj u GO < 3 Z i- a 3 I- O uj S3 c z u u. «8 i ° < </} Controlled Atmosphere Mesh Belt Conveyor Furnaces with Water Jacketed Cooling Extension A.G.F. Mesh Belt Conveyor Furnaces have either an "A" shaped full muffle or horizontal muffle extending through the heating and cooling zones which provides positive atmosphere control. Horizontal muffles are employed for longer work pieces which cannot be handled in an "A 11 shaped muffle. Work can be heated for annealing, silver soldering or the slow cool Ni-Carb process of ammonia -gas case hardening. The work is cooled while it remains in the protective atmosphere. Capacity. The actual production rate depends upon the weight of the parts relative to their bulk, the treatment or process being used and the time cycle. Lining. The furnace lining comprises 4^" of high grade insulating refractory backed up with block insulation to insure fast and efficient heating. Alloy Muffle. The alloy muffle in the heating chamber is supported on heat resisting alloy bars resting on refractory piers. Uniform heating is achieved by numerous burners firing above and beneath the muffle from both sides of the furnace. The muffle in the heating chamber is manufactured of heat resisting alloy, composition 60% nickel, 12% chromium. The work entering end and the discharge end sections of the muffle are equipped with sliding doors to close down entrance openings to a proper height required to conserve the use of atmosphere gas. Conveyor Drive. The alloy mesh wire conveyor belt is driven at the work entering end by means of a rubber covered driven pulley and pinch roll. The coldest portion of the belt pulls the greatest proportion of weight which comprises the cold return loop of the conveyor as well as the work load in the cooling chamber. Suitable take-ups are provided and the drive mechanism is equipped with a variable speed drive. Combustion System. The furnace chamber is heated by means of numerous alloy burners firing through super refractory burner tunnels. Each of the burners has an individual pilot burner for ease in lighting. Complete on -off burner operation provides unlimited turn- down, permitting holding any desired temperature without sacrificing maximum production capacity. The furnace burners are arranged in multiple control zones to suit the application. Page 26 I en d) o m C M Em C •iH X u O > o $ 0) u +J (1) PQ w 0) o •rH CO (1) M U d» C 0) M en > O 6 c o O U.C0 S" X X r* i° i° » © ro ■* ■* rf U 22U nut: '3 C M 32 H S DC <b! ^ «i « 1 UJ o 1- < < 1- < H §1 z cc 3 u. — M '3J3 5:1 tr -j C o ^6 t 0= JS "5 c U s s 3 bO s I PAGE 27 Uj U co Ul ui o 03 < 3 Z I- QC 3 O id *z -li d2 < o f ° < CO Mesh Belt Conveyor Heating Furnaces No. 162 Heating Furnace T^HESE mesh belt conveyor furnaces are supplied either with A or without a muffle and with internal or external discharge of the work for hardening, annealing, normalizing, etc., of work which cannot conveniently be conveyed through the heat by other means. These furnaces may be supplied for temperatures up to 1900°F. with full muffle, or up to 2100°F. without muffle. 3 ■Si >> u UJ Entrance Size 25 E CO X U sc c <u X X oc c <u as ■ © Q Z u y c Belt Width 4> x£ - - 3 £2 c Is *-* 3 t 3 3 Ml c cd X J«8 ■ti 3 £2 si £2 5 X 5 3 J- <c X — ca 162 208 250 to 400 150 to 175 18" 12" 15" 10" 20" >*' 14" 8" 7" 17" 12" 8" 6" 96" 50" 390 275 55 40 Floor Space: No. 162 - 15' x 5'2" No. 208 - 10'6" x 4'9" PAGE 28 u u Eg Chain Belt Conveyor Heat Treating Furnace '"pHE No. 192 Conveyor Heating Furnace illustrated on follow- ing page has a heavy cast heat-resisting alloy solid link belt conveyor 3' wide, inside length of heating chamber 14'. It is intended especially for the hardening of a wide variety of forgings, including rifle and revolver parts. 1/5 |5 EI Work is discharged at temperature from the point where the belt turns over its pulley through a chute in the bottom of the furnace. By draining the quenching tank, it is also used for the normal- izing of forgings in which case the work is uniformly distributed on the quench tank conveyor for uniform cooling. " = S O Ld C£ . *- cc = IT < "- r m Over and under firing from both sides insure uniform heating. The belt remains within the furnace at all times, being exposed only at the point where work is loaded onto it. A dead -weight take-up is provided at the charging end. The door at the charging end is adjustable. A large door at the discharge is convenient for observation of the work and its removal by hand if desired. Specifications on No. 192 Conveyor Heating Furnace: Available width— 3'-0". Available length — 14'-0". Entrance height — 4". Capacity— 1000 to 1500 lbs. per hr. Maximum gas consumption — 1250 cubic feet of 1050 B.T.U. natural gas per hour. Gas consumption for maintaining at 1500°F. — 400 cu. ft. per hr. of 1050 B.T.U. gas. Maximum air— 200 C.F.M. at 16 oz. Floor space required — 23'-0" x 9'-0". PAGE 29 i Mi oo < 3 Z I- DC 3 O u I- o SI ll S 1 ° < w Page 30 a- O UJ * > z o a 3 </3 O ^ I — Z uj I- <c o ill u 00 No. 148-A Roller Hearth Heating Furnace, with available heating space 24" wide, 156" long, and 3" high. The alloy rollers are 2V 2 " in diameter on 4 1 /2" centers and are all driven from a common drive, consequently comparatively small work can be handled advantageously. > h- •" tt -■ l°z oufic No. 181 Heating Machine for the continuous hard- ening of the teeth only of band saws. This machine is fully adjust- able for various thick- nesses and widths of saws. Somewhat similar machines are also sup- plied for hardening the teeth of hack saws. PAGE 31 V Ul UJ o 00 < 3 Z 3 O u I- o lip 2 o I ° < en Q Continuous Flattie Hardening and Heating Machines No. 190 Heating Machine T^HIS class of machine is ready for operation immediately upon lighting up. There is no chamber, retort or conveyor to be heated. They usually have a very high capacity because of the rapid heating obtained with them which is ordinarily gauged by the speed at which the operator can feed work onto the conveyor. Numerous applications, such as annealing the ends of brass tubes, annealing the threads on hardened screws, hardening the heads of screws, annealing the tangs of knife blades, drawing the temper of chisels, punches, etc., are found for these machines. Specifications of No. 190 Heating Machine: Length of burner flame to strike work from above and below on both ends — 36". Length of charging extension — 30". Conveyor speeds— 4 3 4" to 24" per minute. Maximum gas consumption— 360 cubic feet per hour of 1050 B.T.U. Gas. Page 32 ] , No. 204 Heating Machine for annealing the mouths of steel cartridge cases. Fingers on the conveyor roll the cases past the open flame burners and into an insulated cooling chamber. Variable speed drive is provided. I- < < I- li t\ O Id n E cc >!£ J, u. U 8 M. > i- uj 3 H CC U J o < . *■ K Z O Lj CC ■ No. 154 Heating Machine for annealing the ends of brass flashlight tubes, plumber's fittings, etc. With these automatic flame heat- ing machines production begins the moment burners are lighted. Bolt heads, screwdriver ends, por- tions of shafts, tangs of knife blades, threads of hardened screws, etc., are rapidly, efficiently and uniformly hardened or annealed, as required. No. 194 Heating Machine. This was orginally made to anneal the ends of long springs, however, it may be used for a wide variety of similar purposes. PAGE 33 4 <i ui UJ u 00 < 3 Z I- DC 3 No. 100-B Heating Machine for hardening the ends of pliers, cold chisels, punches, etc., on a production basis. This machine has a heating chamber 6' -4" long and a 2' charging extension. The available heating width is approximately 3V 2 ". The conveyor plates tilt and discharge the work from temperature. A variable speed drive is provided. No. 184 Heating Machine for heating pocketbook frames which are soldered by simply touching the fluxed solder wire to the frame at the proper point as the work comes out of the heat. This machine eliminates six operators by having four (4) conveyor chains passing through a heating chamber 48" long. The outer two are on 10%" center distance and the inner two on 4%". The available height is approximately 1", width 13". Page 34 Mesh Belt Conveyor Quench Tanks u si£ U = u I" I HI > I- u -g< O UJ DC fe = e Two Quenching Tanks used in conjunction with Shaker Hearth Furnaces in the heat treatment of bolts, screws, nuts, pins etc, if Uj u CQ < 3 Z »- CC r Automatic Quenching Tanks A.G.F. Automatic Quenching Tanks are designed especially for use with A.G.F. Continuous Reciprocating Furnaces and Rotary Retort Furnaces. The quenching of heat treated parts is equally as important as the processing in the furnace. Auto- matic Quenching Tanks used in conjunction with continuous production furnaces assure consistently uniform quality results. The automatic conveyor in the Quenching Tank moves the parts away as they fall on to it, thus insuring that hot parts being discharged from the furnace are not deposited on parts that have already been cooled. To further insure proper quenching, the conveyor in A.G.F. Automatic Quenching Tanks travels horizontally for a distance along the bottom of the tank before it starts its upward travel to the discharge chute. The independent recirculating system which is built into A.G.F. Automatic Quenching Tanks employs nozzles mounted into a manifold to agitate and circulate the oil near the discharge chute of the heat treating furnace. The oil in the tank is passed rapidly around the hot work parts as they fall through the oil on to the conveyor. PAGE 35 o uj P o CO ' u z y UJ < > z °s 0. <0 I ■" " 2 ««• **■ i± i Hi uj u co < 3 Z O u I- o UJ < 0= z ll 5 1 o The use of an Automatic Quenching Tank reduces work hand- ling labor. The continuous heat treating furnace discharges its work into the Quench Tank from where it discharges into suitable containers or into other subsequent processing devices such as automatic washing and tempering equipment. A typical installation of an Automatic Quenching Tank with automatic washing and tempering equipment, is shown on page 7 and index preceding page 1. OIL QUENCH A.G.F. Automatic Quenching Tanks are regularly supplied for oil quenching. A centrifugal pump is provided for recirculating the oil within the tank. WATER QUENCH A.G.F. Automatic Quenching tanks can be equipped with a stainless steel mesh wire conveyor belt, corrosion resistant drive parts, water recirculating pump, etc. for water or brine quenching. INSTALLATION A.G.F. Automatic Quenching Tanks can be installed either "in line 1 ' or at "right angle 11 to the continuous furnace as shown in the illustration on page 7. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION Tank The Tank shell is fabricated of heavy sheet steel, suitably reinforced with structural steel members welded and bolted together. An inner chute extending below the top retaining edges of the belt is provided within the tank to insure that work Page 36 BELT TAKE UP 12x12" Pt^ OFFSET . QUENCH DEPTH 6-S"x24W. INSIDE TANK — N?40 QUENCH TANK Model 40 Quenching Tank shown above has a 13" quenching depth which is suitable for handling relatively light parts. See specifications on page 39. This size does not require a pit type installation. The line drawing above shows the location of the strainer, recirculating pump and path of travel of the conveyor. pieces fall on to the belt. All inside and outside surfaces of the tank are heavily coated with special paint suited for oil, water or brine service. 2 c ui £5 UJ < > z o a 9 z 9 H CC O T o<P ^ h- z I Conveyor A.G.F. Automatic Quenching Tanks are regularly equipped with steel cord weave mesh wire belts, wire diameter .041", .054" or .080", having from 6 to 11 cross wires per inch. For heavy work pieces, a flexible plate type conveyor can be supplied. The size, shape and weight of work pieces to be handled in any particular tank determine the type of belt that is supplied. The mesh wire belts in A.G.F. Automatic Quenching Tanks are equipped with flex -plate retaining edges and with suitable steel cross flights. For special applications, the cross flights can be covered with the mesh wire fabric material at a slight additional charge. Cross supporting bars spaced at regular intervals are provided on the belt fabric. Hardened roller chain with suitable attachments is affixed to the cross supporting bars, thus in- suring positive support and driving of the belt, without the possibility of damaging it. The chain used is of the extended pitch type having rollers larger in diameter than the chain side pieces, thus permitting the conveyor to roll along the supporting framework. The discharge end of the conveyor extends well out of the tank permitting convenient placement of containers to receive the work. Where the work pieces are to be discharged into automatic washing and tempering equipment, the conveyor can be specially constructed to discharge at any desired height. Conveyor Drive The conveyors of the various Automatic Quenching Tanks as listed on page 39 are normally driven by either a Vz, 3 /4, or 1 h.p. variable speed transmission having a speed variation of 4 to 1. A clutch mechanism is provided on the belt drive to prevent Page 37 j ■Kti U UJ o CO < 3 Z I- cc a O UJ H O LU < CC Z o Model 49 Automatic Quenching Tank tearing or damaging the belt in the event of accidental jamming of the conveyor. Suitable safety guards are provided on all moving conveyor drive parts. Clean -Out Provisions Clean-out holes are optional and can be supplied if they are desired. In most cases the conveyor frame with its attachments including the conveyor belt is integral and may be removed with a minimum of disassembling to gain access to the interior of the tank. Recirculating Pump An amply sized centrifugal type pump with strainer is supplied with the Automatic Quenching Tank. The pump is located below the oil level so that priming is not required. The Quench- ing Tank is piped up so as to circulate the oil from the discharge end of the tank to the circulating manifold which is located near the work discharge chute of the heat treating furnace. The hot work pieces come into contact with continuously circulating and agitated oil for the most efficient quenching. Oil fumes are reduced to minimum or are entirely eliminated. OIL COOLING In addition to circulation, cooling of the oil is necessary. If provisions for cooling of the oil are not available, a completely self-contained and automatic cooler can be supplied. Page 38 QUENCHING TANK SPECIFICATIONS U til 58 Approximate Shipping Weight o o in © 1 o 3 i © ifi o o ifi OS 3 © © © © TP"" 3Lj8l3J_J [JBJ3AQ xojddy b rp in 1 K 1 Pi to 00 ?0 I 00 1 b I X i ts cr- Approx. I ■loot- Space 00 X b 1 00 .X TP b 1 b X ^p 00 X ^P Co 1 b X Tp 1 5 1 Tp x> 1 b ^P Pi wb i X ^p b 1 in ^X Tp ^x Jfi J* c CO I— S|BQ A^IOBdBQ m in IS In ifi o Ifi Q TP ifi o # Ifi Q X © ifi ifi 00 © ifi ©_ updaQ Pi J fS Pi I b ^p b i ^p © Pi Pi 7 TP th W!A\ Pa r* M c4 r* P\ »• ?»< 1 b i ^P 1 Fs i ipSuv] b i b b l b Pi i b 00 00 00 rs N fS 00 C © ■UIIM/-SIBO AjpBdB3 § : S ' ' ' ' 5 ** S : © © d'H ^ ' ' ' ' ' ' - ■ ' : ^ 3dA X i '£■3 c M 8 3 - * ' * ' s ' = ' |- h > I- u OUB^J UQISSILUSUBJJ 1 *P 1 TP 1 <* ^P i TP 1 ^p i 1 I i 1 d'H :£ ^ ^ ^ £ ^ i^ ^ ^ ^ ?? - CO §1 30UE}StQ J33U33 03 J31U93 r^ c* ?s c* c* Oi J- e>> rs rs 3 M g?3 H ^-f ^ i 5 i ^ i ^ 1 ^ W joA3auoq jo uny ZlJO^f JO L|3§U3q M e rs 1 2 b rfi oc 00 © P5 1 00 J0A3AU03 JO UOpBUipUI o r*3 o 9 o o o 3 o 00 X c 1 C i H|S;3f-{ aSjBlpSIQ 5 1 5 1 *p k 1 1 Lj3d3Q ipiranf) ^ p> Pi X s» TP k b S b mpljW JOAaAUO^ rs r-j rr: Pi ri Pi Pi Pi gb X X X ! JOA3AU03 sdAx ■S- IS Is 2PQ IS|l3 12 « -M JJ +J ^S 3 3 IS is c CO °N >iuex c < c 1 c 1 <\ PS .1 in U ! K 1 •*i I 3 3 n cd Page 39 < o QUENCHING TANK SPECIFICATIONS Approximate Shipping Weight b 1 o 5 x o o us § us 1 i us 5 X' UJ t< o 5 uT ^' 1 1 iqgpH UBJ3AQ ■ xoadd y J* i b 1 K b i 00 b b i b i b 00 i Approx. Floor Space b 1 M M US i US b I u> U5 b i X b in b i us b i b i US b b US US b >> 1 c h /upBde;3 © us o o K US Q O US US o Q O o us US O US o us us m d3 a ih K 1 P0 b i us US 00 1 C4 1 lO US US us US H3P!M b i b 1 « « W PO 1 b i ?-s X 1 b i 00 1 00 1 to b LjiSuaq 00 S b ro ?* fS r-i h 00 (S M b i o C ra a jjj 8 a: AipedB3 § ^ = * ' • s = i § ; : i d'H ^ - = = ' : ' ' us i-H r * ; 3 dA X 1 S = : : ; = ' S ~ ' Ol3B>J UOISSILUSUBJJ^ i I 1 i i i i o I 4 3 4 i <* dH - - ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ g5 - ;£ ^ ?? ^ 30UB3SIQ J35U33 Ol J3JU3Q r< r* r* ?■* rs r< b rs f-J * 00 r^ r* iqgpf-j ^ ^ ^ i ^ ^ ^ ^ Ss i! ^ i r^ joAsauoq jo urry zuoj-} jo qiSusq r* b <*s 00 if r» b f0 00 aoAaAuo^ jo UOItJBUIJDUJ o us o o o us o o o o fs o O o o o X o o o o o o us 3t|Sp]-^ aSjBlpSIQ b h b Is US 00 | b C b US b 00 b 00 rs ipd3Q qausnf) b b b rs r*S b b cs 00 ir r*S b b rs 00 mply\\ JOA3AUOQ 00 00 s s k b b 1 b 53 5 s 1 JOASAUOQ 3dA X IS is la is 1« IS in IS IS to IS in IS IS on >1 UB X 5 1 s CS 1 * 1 rt 1 cs ! 8 1 fS r4 1 ro < 5 1 Si * 1 ¥ PAGE 40 U bJ Charging a Vertical Carburizer. Automatic Temperature Control is employed with the thermocouple located in the combustion chamber. Some installations are now using the thermocouple inside the retort. w ! u CL igi O UJ cc b oc P hi u Rotary Retort Furnaces Vertical Retort Furnaces m < = z H CC 3 for Carburizing and Other Processes O LJ E Z ej£ it < CO _ c [ Rotary Retort Furnaces Batch Type for Carburizing, Hardening, Annealing or High Temperature Calcining and Roasting Battery of No. 4 Rotary Retort Furnaces A.G.F. Batch Type Rotary Retort Furnaces (also known as Rotary Carburizers) are extensively used for carburizing with either gas or compound, These furnaces are also excellently adapted for ammonia -gas case hardening, annealing or normal- izing under a controlled atmosphere. The furnace is so con- structed that any desired atmosphere can be introduced into the sealed retort. A.G.F. Batch Type Rotary Retort Furnaces are also extensively used in the chemical industry for roasting, calcining, etc. UJ < > Z o a id u c!S£ UJ o CO < 2 Z 2. : < Advantages 1. Uniformity. Gentle mixing from retort rotation assures uniformity of temperature, allowing rapid heat -up without overheating any part of the load. Versatility. Construction and combustion system of furnaces permits use for wide variety of work under atmosphere control at temperatures to 1800°F. A wide variety of work can be carburized or heated in the same furnace in inde- pendent charges — the time, temperature, etc. being fixed for each load. Tilting. Easily operated tilting device minimizes labor of charging and discharging. Work can be quenched directly Page 41 i- p! DC Z UJ It < O I ° 5. Battery of Rotary Carburizing Furnaces. from the furnace without additional handling, or slow cooled as desired. By using gas as a carburizing medium, or through the use of loose compound in the retort, the tedious handling and upkeep of boxes, etc. is eliminated. Low Upkeep, Heavy walled alloy retort, location of moving parts outside the heat and sturdy construction throughout result in extremely low upkeep. Low operating cost. Because the retort remains in the furnace at all times and because the latest types of insulating refractory lining is used, thermal efficiency is high and retort life is long. Approximate Retort Operating Data Rotary Capacity Charge s_ c 3^ ■ Carb'g. Furnace 2/3 full Capacity Inside Avail- <&1 oh I Gas No. cu. in. Lbs. Dia able £>± gCQUL C.F.H. / Steel \ IParts^ Length 2^u rr n-v O ^ 2 *00 95 8 to 12 4" 12" 8 30 30 275 25 to 35 5 3/4" 16" 11 45 50 IF 900 60 to 90 7Vz" 30" 20 125 60 2G 6,000 400 to 500 14%" 45" 52 375 100 2H 6,000 400 to 500 **14 3 4" 48" 52 375 100 4 18,500 1200 to 1500 **24" 75" 110 660 275 *This size has short legs for mounting on low table. **Barrel shaped, 12-sided retort, measured across flats. No. IF Rotary Retort Furnace PAGE 42 Carburizing with Gas The use of carburizing compound with dust and dirt and ad- ditional labor is eliminated by using gas as the carburizing medium. As the carburizing medium, some city gases, natural gas or propane may be employed. Natural gas is generally used as it comes from the supply line. Propane is customarily premixed in the ratio of one part of propane to two parts of air. Construction The construction of these furnaces is modern throughout, including lining of insulating refractory backed with block insulation, heat-resisting alloy burners, super refractory burner tunnels, single valve ratio set, heat-resisting alloy retort, etc. Combustion System The furnace is uniformly heated by numerous burners firing tangentially into the heating chamber through super refractory burner tunnels. The smaller model furnaces are arranged for one zone control. The larger models can be furnished with multi-zone control. Fuel Furnaces, are regularly supplied to use manufactured gas, natural gas, mixed gas, propane or butane. Model 2-G, Model 2-H and Model 4-B furnaces can be arranged for oil firing. I U LI IS- O zul tu < L LU W 4 Ul u flfl < 3 Z h- cc PAGE 43 Charging one of a battery of No. 2B Rotary Retort Furnaces The No. 4 Rotary Retort Carburizers shown on page 41 and below are our latest and largest size furnaces. The retort has 12 sides, 24" across the flats and tapering at the ends to 13 V 2 " diameter, inside length being 75", average capacity approximately 1500 pounds of work. It is arranged to use three temperature controls, one at each end and one in the center zone. A wide range of retort speed is provided, plus power tilting. No. 4 Rotary Retort Furnace. Note 3 zone con- trol. Page 44 a. o 111 Model 268 Batch Type Rotary Retort Furnace with modified tilting device and drive to permit tilting retort to vertical position, and removal of retort and work from furnace. General construction, specifications, etc, similar to the Model 2-G Rotary Retort Furnace per page 42. Retort 14 Vi" inside diameter by 45" available heated length. Illustration above shows furnace in normal horizontal running position. Bottom illustration shows furnace in vertical position for unloading work and /or retort. Page 45 Rotary Retort - Furnaces L Batch Type for Tempering, Coloring or Low Temperature Calcining and Roasting For parts or material which may be gently tumbled, there is no surer way of obtaining uniformity than by the use of A.G.F. Rotary Retort Furnaces. The slow rotation assures that every portion of the material or work pieces is subjected to the same temperature and atmos- phere as every other portion. Heating is exceptionally rapid and far more uniform than can be obtained in a stationary furnace, either with or without convective circulation. Standard furnaces listed below can be operated at temperatures up to 1000°F. Ferrous metals may be readily given any specific temper color. Where desired, A.G.F. Rotary Furnaces permit tempering and blackening to be combined into one operation. The resulting black Carbonia Finish* is rust resistant to a high degree, may be polished, and will not chip, spall or flake off. *Carbonia Finish is the original "gun metal finish 1 ' introduced by the Ameri- can Gas Furnace Co., and proven through 50 years successful use. Size of CAPACITY Size of Filled to Maximum Retort Entrance Entrance Gas Con- Furnace In Inches or Half Full Only for Small sumption No. Neck Work 1050 B.T.U. Cu. Ft. Per Hr. Dia. InCu. In In Cu. In Dia. Length Inches Lbs. Inches Lbs. 51 15 15y 4 6 1,400 60 650 30 60 64 20 30 9 4,700 225 2,150 100 100 64-G 20 32 12 5,050 250 1,425 75 100 64-C 20 32 19 J4 18 V 2 For fixture work 100 71 30 48 18,000 835 4,650 215 313 71-B 28 42 11% 15,000 645 6,500 280 375 PAGE 46 : : Vertical Retort Gas Carburizers ] : The No. 19-C Vertical Retort Gas Carburizer illustrated above has a retort 30" inside diameter x 45" available depth. This furnace can be equipped with either a top or bottom mounted fan for recirculating the carburizing gas. See tabulation on page 52 for complete specifications. PAGE 47 2- 51 lie E 2 1 cc z 03 ^ CO DC 5 z o ! S Z o o CO < to J Vertical Retort Gas Vertical Retort Gas Carburizers are suited for work such as bearing races, long shafts, crankshafts, gears and other parts that cannot be handled in Rotary Retort Carburizing Furnaces. Ni-Carbing, clean hardening, clean annealing and other at- mosphere work can be performed without modification of the FAN BEARING HOUSING COVER SWING HANDLE RETORT _ COVER SAND SEAL RETORT FAN BELT THERMOCOUPLE- HOLE MOTOR HINGED SPIDER TANGENTIAL BURNERS BEARING SUPPORT LIFT TUBE BEARING COVER LIFTING TUBE KETORT SUPPORTS AIR CYLINDER (iB - STROKE) CARBURIZING GAS INLET Nomenclature and cross -sectional diagram of No. 31 Vertical Retort Gas Carburizer with top mounted recirculating fan. page 48 Vertical Retort Gas Carburizers furnace. The atmosphere gas is introduced through a suitable inlet in the bottom of the positively sealed retort, passing through a baffle to insure its uniform circulation around the work. After heat treatment the work can be slow cooled in the furnace, quenched from heat, air cooled or pit cooled. U hi No. 28 Vertical Gas Carburizer Advantages 1. Uniformity, The vertical retort is located completely within the furnace chamber. Many small burners fire tangen- tially into the furnace chamber to eliminate direct flame im- pingement upon the retort. Heat input is balanced to give uniformity of temperature from top to bottom as well as entirely around the retort, thus insuring uniform carburizing results. 2. Saving In Labor. The tedious packing and handling of carburizing boxes is eliminated. 3. Saving In Time. Elimination of the use of carburizing compound which acts as an insulator permits the heating cycle to be shortened over old fashioned pack carburizing methods. 4. Work Handling Facilitated. Either a heavy bottom plate with eye bolts or baskets can be used for handling the work. Heavy loads are quickly and easily handled with an overhead crane. 5. Long Alloy Life. Location of the retort completely within the heat at all times and uniform heating insures long alloy life —normal life expectancy is from 5,000 to 7,500 heat hours service, although some retorts have had a recorded life of up to 30,000 hours. 6. Furnace and retort cover are quickly and easily operated. A pneumatic lifting device is employed on the large units and an efficient manually operated mechanism is standard on the smaller models No. 13-H and 28. Page 49 UJ u m < 3 Z I- cc O uj < o i 9 Vertical Retort Gas Carburizers General Construction The furnace casing is fabricated of heavy steel plate and is lined with efficient, high grade insulating refractory backed with block insulation. Retort The heavy walled retort is cast of the best obtainable heat resisting alloy — 35% nickel, 15% chromium or 60% nickel, 12% chromium. Covers The inner retort cover which is positioned into a sand seal is of the same alloy as the retort. An outer refractory cover suitably reinforced is employed to close the furnace heating chamber. The complete cover assembly is raised by a pneumatic cylinder on the larger models and by a manual mechanism on the No. 13-H and 28 models. Recirculating Fan The parts of the recirculating fan assembly subject to heat are fabricated of heat resisting alloy. Fan shaft bearings are located away from the heat to reduce maintenance to a minimum. An inner alloy sleeve or work handling baskets with solid walls are employed if the nature of the work requires uni -directional circulation. Carburizing Gas As the carburizing medium, some manufactured gases, natural gas or propane may be employed. Natural gas is generally used simply as it comes from the supply line. Where propane is used, it is customary to premix same in the ratio of one part of propane to two parts of air or to suitably dilute it with prepared at- mospheres. Location Vertical Retort Gas Carburizers are normally installed in a concrete lined pit as shown in the illustration on page 48 with the top of the furnace extending up from one to two and a half feet above floor level. Page 50 § 'M > 2 ?? UJ W. = i UJ o CO < => Z I- DC O UJ ce z UJ u. 03 No. 31 Vertical Retort Gas Carburizer, retort 22" inside diameter x 84" avail- able depth, with top mounted fan for recirculation of carburizing gas. PAGE 51 5 O It II < w pping eight unds o o <* * © © © © © in 1 © <«*&■ r*j rt © 00 ^f " <s «S x. <*■> ■5 o -o o © © © § © © © © g £ a § © W w, X 00 o a o r0 m CT © in M 8 < a iH (S r< z w X " % % O sO WP © rO © M u £ 1 Q 1 r^ lO 00 00 V |£ s X X X X X X N £ s 1 1 00 90 1 1 ©* 1 1 ©^b i i ©© i i ©sO 1 1 •m tsrv hstN 00 00 aoac ^(S cr»a> It s aoedg JOOJJ X ©c> 1 1 X i i X i i X ©sD J I X 1 l X ©<>> i 1 u w s u 1 13 a bO uoneinsuj >p°ia TT ^ «* ^ t ^ ■* b u c c 3 » o 01 J AJ03DBJJ3^I SunBinsuj ^ •* S? ** C> ^ f ( xoaddy) H'J'3 [wm»N sbq SuizunqjBQ © 8 I © © © .Sac ill 3g*0 «P « i ajnssajj zo 91 ib •JN'd'O F» J ! nb3 y a* P2 sD n R K ^3 CO Ml c jiy Lunuj]xBjAi u .2 « •S3t o £ 1 E £j5 w o 3«8 wsooH 2«fH gl=! ©o . y a O X ES ^PQ w ffl 2d 2a £CQ Sm a E 3 £ «n§D © • ©©>-: «Jp ioS=> mSD © § 3 l c « iS%« i co E u •Pi "x CO 2 2ffl Sod rf PQ ■a Si 6 3 y w es 44 c £ a 3 : m fill 55t fa > O L. "" JiJ5 paiBjadQ A(ienuB[/\ > > pa^BisdQ AnBonBOinauj 52 o * *S i- mdsQ 3|qBiiBAy 1 b 5? 00 ■o-o u ||| v> c* BIQ SpiSUJ 00 tfc © So * •o^ jazunqjBQ 00 1 U i CT w [eoujaA es ~* <S n 1 «?» PAGE 52 : c U uj Muffle and Assay Furnaces Large Muffle Furnaces (Ceramic Muffle) Muffle Furnaces with Cooling Extension Controlled Atmosphere Muffle Furnaces "Bell Oven" Furnaces Push Through Muffle Furnaces UJ u SIS S O lJ UJ < cc z <§ I ° c Muffle and Assay Furnaces No. 6C Muffle Furnace with streamlined casing. A.G.F. Muffle Furnaces are equip- ped with full muffles to protect the work from the products of com- bustion. The lining is of molded hard burned refractory. The fur- naces are equipped with alloy burners served by a Single Valve Ratio set mixing system as describ- ed on page 158. The furnaces are available with either a streamlined casing as illustrated above or with cast iron legs as shown below. These muffle furnaces are regularly supplied for oper- ation at 2000°F, but special provision can be made to operate at temperatures to 2400°F. Larger sizes are described on page 54. Muffle Furnaces equipped with a back draft for circulation of air through muffle are known as Assay Furnaces. No. 6 Muffle Furnace with cast iron legs. Back Draft For Assaying. Streamlined Casing Cast Iron Legs Inside Dim. of Muffle Max. Gas Cons. (1050 B.T.U ) cu. ft./ hr. Max. Air u Cl) o u v Q « E % 3 Req. at 16 oz. = 30 Width Height Length cu. ft./ min. *2%B *2%C 4%" 2 V4" 7W 40 6 4C 2C 4 2 6%" 3 V 12" 85 12 6C 3C 6 3 12" 5%" 14" 143 19 *Bench type furnace. PAGE 53 S o I ° Large Muffle Furnaces (Ceramic Muffle) £"\UR large Muffle Furnaces are similar in construction and outward appearance to the Oven Furnaces shown on pages 91 - 95, but are equipped with high temperature ceramic muffles to protect the work from the products of combustion. Special modifications can be provided, where desired, such as rear venting of the muffle, atmosphere inlet, and door clamping arrangement to seal door tightly against the muffle for con- taining the atmosphere. These Muffle Furnaces are usually provided for maximum temperatures ranging from 2000° to 2400°F., as specified when ordering. Linings are of high temperature insulating refractory backed with block insulation. The burners are served by a Single Valve Ratio Set to give one valve control of gas and air, utilizing gas at line pressure and air at one to two pounds per square inch. To assure uniformity numerous small burners are employed, the main burners firing above the muffle and just under the arch of the furnace, while supplementary smaller burners fire below the muffle. The products of combustion are forced through vents located beneath the muffle and extending up through the back wall of the furnace. Inside Dim. of No of d Muffle 2 0[jj 4_> « ai SSx Bur- ners 2 Floor y c 5 x "0 '5 c Is el CO ■ -0 a 8 6 Space [fa £X UX J3 x£ h^ wh 2 5cQ 2u£ - 27B 9 i/ 2 " 4V 4 " 4«/ 4 " 14" 42" 2 2400 200 30 b 4 53" x 40" 28 13" 4" 6" 173/4" 42" 1 2000 125 17 b 4 40" x 60" 30 14" 4V 2 " 8" 25" 43" 1 2000 200 30 s b 54" x 55" 32 14" 8" 14" 1M*" 42" 2 2400 263 35 6 4 56" x 52" 33 14" «P 10" 21" 42" 2 2400 300 40 s b 48" x 54" 35 8V4" 5Vz" 13" 42" 2 2500 300 40 b 4 54" x 46" PAGE 54 U Li ° / < u. UJ < > z O DC 3 Muffle Furnaces (Heat Resisting Alloy Muffle with Water Jacketed Cooling Extension) | HIS series of Muffle Furnaces is designed primarily for use •■" in the precious metals and jewelry industries. They are extensively used for the bright annealing of silver and gold, silver soldering, etc. The furnace heating chamber is lined with efficient high grade insulating refractory and is uniformly heated by numerous alloy burners. The heat resisting alloy muffle has a water jacketed cooling extension. Certain models can be equipped with a bottom door in the cooling extension to permit quenching of gold to achieve the desired physical characteristics. In some cases a water spray quench is used beyond the water -jacketed cooling extension to speed up the cooling operation, thus in- creasing production. To provide atmosphere gas, an Ammonia Dissociator, as shown on pages 75-78 can be used, or if preferred bottled atmosphere gas can be used. 1 Muffle Inside Dimensions 11 1 Length ailable Deduct 4-1 O w X Oh 8CQ 1 X JZ ■8<-St Ss ^ <s in Heat (For Leng 2"tc s 2 2« 68C 9" 2H" 24" 36 W' 113 15 3'-6"W. 9'10i/ 2 "L. 68D 9" 2%" 36" *sy 2 » 150 20 3'-6"W. 12'-10V 2 *L- 68E 9" 4" 36" 48" 190 25 3'-6"W. 12'-10i/ 2 "L. 92A 18" 8" 38" 72" 238 32 6'-6"W. 15'-3"L. 95 9" 2H" 14" 23" 50 7 2'-10"W. 8'-6"L. 95A 6" 2" 14" 23" 50 7 2'-10"W. 8'-6"L. UJ o 00 < =» Z 33 111 li. I 9 £ to O Controlled Atmosphere Muffle Furnaces (Heat - Resisting Alloy Muffle) Controlled Atmosphere Muffle Furnaces are used for clean hardening, annealing, carburizing, as well as for other general and atmosphere work. These Muffle Furnaces are lined and burnered for operation at maximum temperatures ranging from 1850°F, to 2100°F., depending upon muffle size. General construction of these furnaces is: similar to the Oven Furnaces described on pages 91-95. A rear atmosphere gas inlet is provided. The sliding seal door and automatic curtain flame burner insure positive control of the atmosphere within the muffle at all times. Inside Muffle £ Dimen. (Approx. ^ •IX g V u u . ch < ■ a Approx. Floor Space II •o X CD « 9-g 5 c CO ■ -o a c E <U2 go 8 B-B* aw Dimensions 43 8" 6" 8" 12" 2100 150 25 48" x 47" 44 10" 8" 10" 18" 2100 175 30 50" x 53" 45 12" 8" 10" 24" 2100 200 34 52" x 59" 40 15" 10" 13" 30" 1850 260 44 55" x 65" 41 18" 12" 15" 36" 1850 305 51 58" x 84" 46 24" 14" 17" 45" 1850 400 67 65" x 96" PAGE 56 it Bell Oven" Furnaces (Patented) These furnaces are de- signed to combine the con- venience of the Oven Fur- nace with the characteristics of the Bell Furnace. The alloy bell is linked to the door mechanism so that, as the door is opened, the bell rises from its sand seal on the hearth, permitting the operator to charge or discharge freely, while, when the door closes, the bell replaces itself to provide full muffle protection around the work. The atmosphere inlet at the top of the bell permits the introduction of any de- sired atmosphere. The thermocouple is inside the bell and is so arranged that it is not directly affected by the flame temperature. Lining, burnering, etc., are all in conformity with our improved 200 series Oven Furnaces, see pages 91-94. All kinds of atmosphere work may be done, includ- ing carburizing, nitriding, "Ni-Caibing/ 1 clean hard- ening and bright annealing and brazing. It may also be used for any other job which could be done in a regular Oven Furnace. For cylindrical bell fur- naces see pages 69-73. % Ml < > z °i o 5 °-5 Diagram Section Through Furnace Showing Bell. LJ U CO < 3 Z I- DC Bell Muffle Dimensions Gas Con. 1050 B.t.u. Gas Cu. F. perH. Max. air Req. Cu. Ft. Per Min. at 16 oz. Pressure Pipe Connec- tions 1 CO '3 X C u E "3 CO 1 CO bC, ■ i° -no "oP O < Floor Space 200C 205E 113/ 4 " H 3 /4" 4V 4 " 6" 14 %" 23 W 125 150 30 40 25 30 1" 1" iy 4 " 40" x 54" 48" x 54" PAGE 57 O u I- o £ 5 _l p i ° < w O Controlled Atmosphere Brazing and Annealing Furnaces r L r L r Model 51 Push Through Muffle Furnace A.G.F. Brazing and Annealing Furnaces are available in a stand- ard range for operation at 1600°F. to 2100°F. for bright annealing, copper brazing and atmospheric hardening of regular and stainless steels using hydrogen or other atmospheres. Extended range models for 1150° to 2100°F. operation are suitable for all operations described above and can additionally perform work such as silver soldering, annealing of both ferrous, non- ferrous and precious metals. Cooling is accomplished fast enough in the water -jacketed extension to harden most air hardening types of stainless and high carbon, high chrome steels, while still under atmospheric protection. Flexibility. Production heat treating departments can handle batch trays of various quantities of parts independently. Construction features enable positive atmosphere control within the muffle in the heating chamber and cooling extension by means of the purge vestibules which are provided at the work entrance and the discharge end of the furnace. Page 58 O bl Simplicity. A.G.F. Brazing and Annealing Furnaces have no wearing parts in the heat. The simplified combustion system using heat resisting alloy burners, the heavy duty lining construction, etc., reduce maintenance to a minimum. After the heating cycle is completed, the work tray is pushed into the water -jacketed cooling muffle and thence into the discharge end vestibule where it is removed. UJ < > Z o a CONSTRUCTION FEATURES The purge vestibules, the heating chamber, water -jacketed cooling muffle, together with work tables at both ends are mounted onto common structural members insuring positive alignment of all parts. HEATING CHAMBER CONSTRUCTION Alloy Muffle. The muffle is constructed of the best available heat resisting alloy, composition 60% nickel, 12% chromium, or better, to withstand operation at temperatures up to 2100°F. High Quality, High Efficiency Lining. The lining comprises 4%" high grade insulating refractory backed up with block insulation. Combustion System. The new A.G.F. Brazing and Annealing Furnaces, with either the standard or extended operating range are equipped with an air-gas pressure fired proportional combustion system. Maxi- mum temperature uniformity is assured by the use of many burners firing into both sides of the amply sized combustion chamber, both above and below the muffle. These furnaces are equipped with the A.G.F. simplified Single Valve Ratio Set Mixing Systems which employ Venturi action mixers. Air at a pressure of approximately 2 pounds per square inch is used to proportionately entrain fuel gas for proper combustion. UJ UJ o I CO < ■ =t z 1 I- DC I Casing . The furnace casing is constructed of welded steel plate suitably reinforced with structural members welded and bolted together. EXTENSION CONSTRUCTION Water -Jacketed Cooling Muffle. The cooling muffle fabricated of stainless steel is flanged and bolted to the heating chamber muffle to achieve the best possible positive seal. O U cc z < o Page 59 5 ° I ° Model 50 Push Through Muffle Furnace Automatic Curtain Flame Burners. Stable air-gas curtain flame burners are provided at both entrances. These burners operate automatically when doors at either ends are open. Air-gas pilots are provided for the curtain burners and to ignite atmosphere gas venting out through the door openings. WORK BASKETS The furnace is supplied with amply sized work conveying baskets, specially designed with runners for ease in operation and positioning. See tabulation on page 61 for size of work trays. The charge and discharge end vestibules have counter balanced hinged doors, having a flapper for easy insertion of the tray push rod. Extension platforms are provided for positioning loading and unloading of the work trays. Both the charge and discharge vestibules have sliding gates to insure positive at- mosphere containment within the heating and cooling muffles. AMMONIA DISSOCIATOR A suitably sized A.G.F. Ammonia Dissociator, complete with ammonia flow meter panel, can be supplied for use in conjunc- tion with these furnaces. Page 60 9J9L)dSOLUJV U^OJpAH (A U 18 C s a H / ij n D 'SB') ibn -fi'X'Q OS 01 'uopduunsuo^ sbq xbj/nj xojddy§ ui bs/sm Z /il 1° " U !IA1 3 IH B X P u 3 »Sjbl|OS!Q pue aSuBLQ 'LpSu^[ puB sSjbio 'ipSuaq £$ (8 9 C fi (8 N (8 ft! •5 cd mWua'l ^iqB|iBAy q}d3Q siqBiiBAy mP>AV ^p!«u| 4. ipSuaq p33B3H 31JjniAi • xojddy ^ EC ^ UJ < > Z r^ r 33 go o c g ■a a S a in •ON PP°iA! 30BUjnj ■0 5 * %i *z JS .2. as 2 C 9 m fi « * & * j2 2 K * 3 3 .a 5d in K 2 Sis S .2 S 3 v " e S & e 3 ■ >» 2 2 c -5 «•§ § £ w 5 PAGE 61 O UJ h o UJ < cc z uj E < O 5 CO c c c c c c c c Making Metallic Tungsten Powder in a Tube Furnace, Temperatures must be controlled in zones for a definite cycle to obtain a satisfactory product. Rectangular and Cylindrical Tube Furnaces for . . . Wire and Strip Annealing Wire and Strip Hardening Bright Annealing Reducing Various Oxides and Salts to Powdered Metal < CO U LU h UJ < > Z °S d s ; 3s CD < So ig < CO Q < CO O Ul CO I'" o ■ z ! Tube Furnaces No. 71 Tube Furnace. Inside chamber length— 29 V 2 ". WiU take a tube U P to 3 y 2 " outside diameter. Max. gas cons. — 100 C.F.H. (1050 B.T.U. Gas). Max. Air— 16 C.F.M. at 16 oz. uj < > ; o i T^HESE furnaces have been so named because in practically every case one or more tubes, through which work is passed, are heated in them. They find wide application. They are all of welded steel construction with a lining of insula- ting refractory backed by block insulation. Heat-resisting alloy burners fire into super refractory burner tunnels supporting combustion and protecting the surrounding brickwork. Our single valve ratio system provides the maximum flexibility in operation. Tube Furnaces are supplied with one or more round, oval or rectangular tubes, either horizontal or inclined in practically any length. In the single tube furnaces, the flame rotates around the tube to give extremely uniform heating. In multiple tube furnaces, the tubes are so spaced and burners so arranged as to obtain correspondingly uniform heating. PAGE 63 O uj I- o SI zip < o f 9 £ CO < CO a (Tube Furnaces Cont'd) Hardening Strip Steel and Wire 3 9 ed ^ C . fe u 3 C * r S ff Q OX i r * ' * i* fe sx « p*s o r 1 O M 9 bc«^- I ■ Ml C PAGE 64 (Tube Furnaces Cont'd) Annealing "pOR the annealing of brass *■ and bronze wire strip, etc., tube furnaces are em- ployed, the work being either drawn through a tube exten- sion sealing into a quench or through a water-jacketed cooling extension. In some cases these furnaces are set at an angle. Reduction of Oxides, etc. For the manufacture of me- tallic tungsten, molybden- um, etc., long Tube Furnaces are generally employed with a number of tubes through which boats containing the material to be reduced are pushed, the material being subjected to a reducing atmosphere under definite time-temperature condi- tions. An installation of this type is shown on the preceding index page. No. 72 Tube Furnace having a chamber length of 20'. It will take six tubes 2 V£" inside diameter. The entrance is reg. 2" high, max. 4" x 20" wide. Max. air— 85 C.F.M. at 16 oz. Max. cons. (1050 B.T.U. Gas)— 500 C.F.H. PAGE 65 CO Li Z cj UJ < > z CO co UJ qc EL uj qg H I CO O LLl 5 o I o £ CO < CO p No. 79 Tube Furnace This furnace is designed for continuous annealing of non-ferrou- strip or wire. The lower end is used as the discharge so that the end of the tube or muffle may be extended under the level of the quenching bath, thus forming a liquid seal for maintaining the atmosphere. The heating chamber is 9'-6" long and will take a tube up to 2 W' high x 6" wide outside. The center height is 47 U" at one end and 27 V 2 " at the other. Max. cons, of 1050 B T U gas is 188 C.F.H. and max. air required is 30 C.F.M. at 16 oz. pressure No. 80 Tube Furnace For heat treating work in a tube or muffle under special atmos- pheres. Casters may be supplied as illustrated to facilitate move- ment. The heating chamber is 72" long and will take a tube up to 2V 2 " C IV nlpTn^' The maximum g^ consumption is 225 <-.* .ti. of 1050 B.T.U. gas and the maximum air required is 35 C.F M at lo oz. pressure. Page 66 ■M > Z No. 78 Tube Furnace For the continuous heat treatment of strip up to approx. 10" wide with positive atmosphere control. A spray quenching unit, as illustrated, may be supplied for annealing brass, etc. The remov- able roof is in 4 sections. Chamber — 8'-0" lg. Standard tube — 12" wide x l 1 //' high inside. Maximum tube — 13" wide x 4" high outside. Max. gas cons.— 300 C.F.H. 1050 B.T.LL gas. Max. air— 45 C.F.M. at 16 oz. pressure. Q. uj a O u h o LU < QC Z _. * No. 84 Tube Furnace The furnace above and similar ones are used for the reduction of various metallic oxides such as tungsten, etc Its usual application is for 19 tubes, 2 3 4" O.D. Max. entrance size— 34" wide x 7 x /t' high. Chamber 16'-6" lg. Max. gas cons.— 500 C.F.H. 1050 B.T.U. gas. Max. air required — 75 C.F.M. at 16 oz. pressure. PAGE 67 < o i 2 < </i Model 106-A Tube Furnace I^S/ bOVe u furr ! aCe is suitab 1 le , f <> r "se in the reduction of various metallic oxides such as tungsten, molybdenum etc. The furnace has a heatedTength ™. ffi V u di W1 ^ C en H ance readlJ y accommodates ten 4V 2 " diameter m«fntln-" b o?- f PlIot< % d ?ombustion blocks and zone construction pTrmlt maintenance of any desired temperature or temperature gradation from Model 108 Tube Furnace 5!^°' , 108 Furnace was designed primarily for the atmosphere brazine of riSSi^ 1 C ? nta S ts; however, this versatile furnace can also oeufed for Bell Retort Furnaces °z I z| 1 > £ J o 4^ M For bright copper brazing of stainless steels, annealing, and other atmosphere work. UJ < > Z o a CC O LU CC a. uj E z M a? [ [ [ c c c [ r C [ c c c [ c Bell Retort Furnaces No. 25 Bell Furnace The bell with its base and charge may be removed from the furnace and cooled under atmosphere as pictured while another bell with work goes through its heating cycle within the furnace. A.G.F. Bell Retort Furnaces permit completely controlled atmosphere processing at temperatures from 500°F. to 2150°F. These furnaces can be used for the following treatments without any modification whatsoever. Bright copper brazing of stainless and regular steel parts. Nickel- chromium alloy brazing of stainless steel materials at temperatures up to 2150°F. Hydrogen cleaning or reduction of oxides on stainless steel materials to eliminate costly or delicate mechanical clean- ing processes. Bright annealing of alloy, ferrous and non-ferrous materials. Carburizing. "Ni-Carb" process of ammonia-gas case hardening. Nitriding. Glass to metal sealing of electronic components under atmosphere protection. OPERATIONAL ADVANTAGES Semi -continuous Operation The use of multiple bell retorts provides semi -continuous operation. One bell retort containing work can be heated while another bell retort containing work can be cooled under at- mosphere protection, while yet another is being loaded. Page 69 CO f o < « Q ■ No. 24 Type Bell Furnace with charge. Flexibility Maximum flexibility is ob- tained by use of multiple and removable bell retorts. One charge of work can be nitrided, while the follow- ing charge in another bell retort can comprise stain- less steel parts that are to be copper brazed or bright annealed in hydrogen at- mosphere. Other processes such as "nickel chromium alloy" brazing, carburizing and ammonia-gas case hardening can also be eas- ily accomplished in the same furnace. The use of multiple removable bell retorts eliminates the need for cleaning, conditioning or decontaminating a fixed muffle before certain types of atmosphere work can be performed. Positive Atmosphere Control The use of sealed alloy bell retorts, externally heated permits the attainment of extremely low dew point atmospheres for hydro- gen brazing of stainless steels and other critical atmosphere work. A.G.F. Bell Retort Furnaces eliminate the possibility of atmosphere contamination resulting from moisture and oxygen absorption which can occur in furnaces having refractory lined atmosphere chambers. Uniformity The use of many small burners having balanced heat inputs assures uniform heating of the bell retort and its work load. Tangential firing of the burners into the heating chamber elim- inates direct flame impingement upon the retort. The resultant uniform heating assures consistent high quality results and long bell retort life. CONSTRUCTION FEATURES A.G.F. Bell Retort Furnaces are built to withstand continuous operation at temperatures up to 2150°F. Quality construction features assure a long operating life with the minimum of maintenance. Bell Retorts The A.G.F. bell retort assembly consists of three components, the bell, the base pan and the lifting frame as shown on the Page 70 O UJ ii No 30-B Bell Furnace with loaded bell positioned in heating chamber Bell assembfy comprising lifting frame base pan -*™***^ l f+& illustration. The lifting frame and base pan is shown at the far lett, witn the bell standing alongside. above illustration. These parts are fabricated of the best avail- able heat resisting alloy, composition 60% nickel, 12% chromium or better The bell is placed over the parts and is then sealed into the base pan in the lifting frame with a special sand. The bell retort assembly is easily handled in and out of the furnace chamber by means of an over-head hoist. High Quality, High Efficiency Lining The lining in A.G.F. Bell Retort Furnaces consists of high grade insulating refractory backed up with block insulation. The low heat storage and low heat loss of this lining construction insures fast heating up and more economical operation. Super refractory burner tunnels are employed for long service life with minimum maintenance. Covers To permit charging or removing the bell retort assembly, the smaller model bell retort furnaces are equipped with manually operated split type refractory covers which swing to either side. Larger model furnaces can be equipped with pneumatically or PAGE 71 1 I J o u < > z o cc UJ u cc o CW CO UJ cc Q. uj O CQ cc E ■■i r. LB > CC CO 5« hydraulieally operated cover lifting mechanisms for lifting and swinging the refractory cover to one side. Casing The furnace body is fabricated of heavy steel plate suitably reinforced. Suitable structural members are provided to support the furnace. Extended Range Operation Where low temperature operation is desired, Bell Retort Fur- naces can be equipped with a special extended range combustion which permits operation at temperatures as low as 500°F. INSTALLATION A.G.F. Bell Retort Furnaces are suitable for either pit or floor level installation. The pit type installation is preferable for furnaces Model 30 and larger. Model 88 Bell Retort Furnace. PAGE 72 (A « U (8 fi u 9 o sq| '114.8 13/YV 8 8 O US © © c 8 © © Sutddiqs psiBiunsH r*j (S hs us 5 00 ra c* fS 00 00 00 CT> ■sqi '^SPAV 13N o US § o 1 1 o g © © p33BUUt3Sq r* o> 5 "i ® US ,H r* 00 r>. X x' X 1 U a 1 1 o 00 m © © 4> Q c* TP ■* <*s -* *£ c X X X X X £ a CO ! 1 re I i 1 1 ©^ 1 1 ©o 1 1 o© 1 1 us^o 00 00 C*CX< o>© CT>© £ H u ^ x X X X X X X p eg n o ^ *5d gob ^D© ©© 1 1 o© 1 1 ©© t 1 ££*<£ r*r< US US usi> ^bk 00 00 X© X© ] CO c Ec uoijBinsuj >joo ( g ;£ r) ^ ^p <* i -* Xjo^DBijay Suneinsuj ^ ^ ;£ ^ ^ ;£ ^ r» tr ■* ■* Tf -* ^t ( xcuddy) uaSoipAH souny us us 9 © 00 S © © CO ui/ bs/sqj y x J ib K •* ts, ■«f CO uijai/ 1J n 3 tj« US C-» rs ■* 00 Q C ba^j iiy xbjaj o o o © © © © CO © © © © © © © «* « 00 ■* sO ^f X a j h/ n i'9 © us © Ch © K X Z 00 US 3 CT # (S n a rJ M IN 00 0> *1 ,,-fj ^ 2§ JH/'d n 3 tv ro 5 rt © ro Tf SBQ ]B N tv © X X X © ni'9 osoi ^ > 1 c p3]BJ3dQ A|[BnuBj/\[ X X X pa^BJadQ X X X X 3 AiiBDnBiunau^ 3[qB||BAy 'iqSpH lv» £ © h k 41 of! 3plSUJ 'J3J9LUFIQ 1? r-» us ui © ~s i r<l r*S ro rs Ojsj PPOJAJ 3DBUinj[ PQ u CO < | uoia^ ipg US I s X X X 1 ** ! a r*S C7> Q< - £ DC c ° ! UJ < > z o cc * i CO (fl UJ QC a, ui £ S si O M _l m Z co CC . =» O m > of co E«j ^ » ^ DC 1 < O 1 Sfe Page 73 S co < CO o Car Type Bell Retort Furnaces Model 239 Bell Retort Furnace. Box shaped car type retort. A.G.F. Car Type Bell Furnaces are designed to meet the need for large capacity batch type stainless processing . . . for handling unusually shaped pieces or heavy work loads. Box shaped bell retort is rolled into and withdrawn from the furnace by means of a chain driven mechanism. Bell Retort cover can be easily removed for loading and un- loading. Numerous small burners, firing from top, bottom and both sides of the heating chamber, assure uniform heating of the bell retort and work pieces. Rapid and efficient heating is obtained because the bell retort is charged into a hot furnace. Bell Retort can either be withdrawn from the furnace while at heat ... or be slow cooled in the heating chamber. Standard Size Bell Retorts are 3' wide x 6' long x 2'6" high. Special sizes can be built. [ [ C c Q % ULt < > Z O DC Ammonia Dissociators m ^ < o < CO Q i\ [ c I c I I r r r i [ c [ o Ammonia Dissociators (Low Pressure Operation) A.G.F, has manufactured and supplied gas and ammonia dis- sociators with its controlled atmosphere furnaces since 1935. The construction of these dis- sociators is based on the exper- ience gained in eighty years of furnace construction and over twenty years of experience in building dissociators. Dissociated ammonia (75% hy- drogen, 25% nitrogen) is an ideal atmosphere to use for the following treatments and processes : • Bright brazing and anneal- ing of stainless steels. • Bright hardening of the hardenable stainless steels. • Reducing oxides in the production of metal powders. • Sintering parts compacted from metal powders. • Bright annealing of various ferrous and non-ferrous alloys. • As a carrier for other atmosphere gases or combinations of gases for special processes. 2 ADVANTAGES Lower Cost Dissociated ammonia is the lowest cost high hydrogen atmos- phere available. Less Handling The use of dissociated ammonia eliminates much of the attendant cylinder handling. A 150 pound ammonia cylinder yields 6750 cubic feet of dissociated ammonia, the equivalent of at least 26 cylinders of hydrogen. A bulk tank installation eliminates all cylinder handling. Simpler Operating Principle A.G.F. Ammonia Dissociators do not employ heat exchangers or vaporizers. The A.G.F. low pressure system eliminates the difficulties experienced with other systems which require the maintenance of high tank vapor pressures. Page 75 CO CO UJ x Q_ y ii CO uj £ Z co cc . CO >• Of «0 P i 5 o Easier to Pipe and Handle A.G.F. Ammonia Dissoci- ators operate with less than 3 p.s.i, of ammonia gas pressure, thus facili- tating piping and control. The relatively low pres- sure employed is not sub- ject to the possibilities of leakage in either the raw ammonia or dissociated ammonia lines which can occur in high pressure systems. Longer Catalyst Tube Life The alloy catalyst tube which is fabricated of the best available heat-resist- ing alloy is operated at low gas pressures. The stress- ing of the catalyst tube caused by high pressure operation is eliminated, thus lengthening the operating life and permitting operation at higher temperatures to insure more complete dissociation. CONSTRUCTION A.G.F. Ammonia Dissociators comprise a furnace or heating chamber into which is positioned a catalyst dissociator tube. The tube is heated to a controlled temperature of 1850°F. to 1900°F. to insure complete dissociation of the raw ammonia gas being passed through it. Catalyst Tube The catalyst dissociation tube is fabricated of the best available heat resisting alloy — 60% nickel, 12% chromium or better. The 100 cu. ft./hr. capacity model employs a coiled tube dis- sociation unit, while the larger models employ specially designed alloy containers filled with a special catalyst. Combustion System A.G.F. Ammonia Dissociators are equipped with an air-gas pressure fired proportional combustion system. Maximum temperature uniformity is assured by the use of many burners firing tangentially into the amply sized combustion chamber. Page 76 5s a Ammonia Flow Control Panel Atmosphere Gas Inlet and Outlet Inlet and outlet connections are at the top of the dissociator, thus making it easy to obtain tight connections quickly and facilitating inspection of the seals at the connections. AMMONIA FLOW CONTROL PANEL An A.G.F. Ammonia Flow Control Panel illustrated above includes the necessary raw ammonia pressure regulators to achieve two stage reduction of the vapor pressure to below 2 p.s.i. before it passes into the dissociator tube. The necessary pressure relief valve, Flow Meters, shut off, and flow control valves are provided on the panel. The panel can either be floor or wall mounted. All piping, fittings, etc. are mounted on the face of the panel to facilitate connection, inspection and maintenance. > z o a DRYER To achieve dewpoints as low as minus 80°F., suitable size activa- ted alumina dryers are supplied. PAGE 77 5 o u •M u C E E Approx. Floor Space X i i ©© i i 1 1 1 M J 1 c 8 c c jiy ^H ^H ^ S? sbo pry # ^ ^ S? BlUOLULUy DOSSIQ S* - ^ - eiuouiiuy avb^ 1? - - - §0 ■- ? w a c to S °l 'JH/rrx'Q © O eg © o © © © 00 C4 o o 00 aq/3j nD-SBj3"3Bfsj nxaosoi 3 IC is d y t i @ uiui/'ij rr) pajmDS^j Jiy XBJAJ o ON x> Dissociator Tube c 3 3 +J >> « J 3 ^X *J .r-l |> X x u . • 3 ffl- r OS 1 " X2J 3d* < U0 U a T3 00 2 o a 13 C5 S a « 13 US X 2 is (S a V V X s Aipede;) paje^j ae BlUOLULUy mb^ •jj-j/'sqi ^uaLuajinbay ■ xojddy IS 2 eiuooiLuy dossjq AjpBdBQ UinLU]XBp\ o © o o O I o O is "°N 1 3 P°IAI JOJBpOSSIQ n < 1 < i U i Page 78 3uj g HI !k I sfE f 4 CO ' LU Z Q UJ < > z °5 Cylindrical Furnaces can be supplied in practically any size according to the nature of the requirement. DC O CO to LU CC Q. LU (E CO c c c c c c c c [ [ [ [ Gylin- Furnaces No. 72 Cylindrical Furnace for hardening long taps and reamers made from high speed steel. The No. 73 is a companion furnace but de- signed for pre-heating. Both furnaces are equipped with a carborundum muffle 10" I.D., available length 6 ft. « PS LJ UJ CO e UJ 5 X7ERTICAL Cylindrical Furnaces like the many other types * of furnaces and heating machines are especially adapted for certain classes of work. It is obvious that a round object may most readily be uniformly heated in a round furnace equipped with burners which fire tangentially. This type of furnace is thus well suited for the heating of vacuum retorts. Likewise, long thin pieces can be most readily heated without warping and distortion if suspended in a Cylindrical Furnace. These units are therefore widely used either with or without a Muffle for the hardening of high speed hack saw blades, for hardening drills, taps and reamers of carbon and high speed steel, especially the longer ones. The furnace bodies of the Bell Retort Furnaces and Vertical Gas Carburizers are standard designs which can be adapted for use as Cylindrical Furnaces. For special application these Cylindrical Furnaces can be mounted on the horizontal. ^ Cylindrical Furnaces No. 74 Cylindrical Furnace designed especially for hard- ening high speed hack saws, with carborundum muffle 11" I.D. and available height adequate for hardening 30" power saws. 'pHE furnace illustrated was designed and built especially for hardening high speed steel hack saws and is used by a number of concerns especially for this work. Its tangential burners are subdivided into an upper and lower section so that they can be controlled separately to make up for the high radiation losses at the top which occur because the furnace is opened frequently. The gas input is high to attain a quick rise to operating temperature from cold and when charging. This makes larger production capacities possible. A gas connection is provided for feeding raw gas into the muffle to give a reducing atmosphere when desired. A removable recessed bottom brick receives the excess borax, a coating of which is generally employed when hardening molyb- denum high speed saws. Many other sizes of Cylindrical Furnaces are also available to take a pot for annealing, spheroidizing, etc., and for special applications such as the processing of gases in a closed retort which must be externally heated. Page 80 Diamond Block Method For High Speed Steel Furnace Table Tool Room Furnace Improved Oven Furnaces Improved Large Ovens Double Entrance Furnaces Large Oven Furnace with Automatic Temperature Control in the Research Laboratory of a well known company. At least a pyrometer, if not automatic temperature control, is recommended on all Oven Furnaces. CC LU 8 5 n > 2 « C ui < J > z si ui ui S Q. uj M uj Q z w CO cc QC LU CO "^ CO > O O ° r 1 Diamond Block Method of Hardening High Speed Steel — Atmospheric Control Produces Clean Hardening 5 No Scale— No Decarburization No Reduction in Size Diamond Blocks are recommended for the hardening of all high speed steels. They are muffles composed of a carbonaceous compound which gradually generates a gas to produce an at- mosphere between carburization -and decarburization when heated in a furnace at about 1800° to 2300°F. This atmosphere is constantly correct and control does not depend on continual analysis and manipulation. Quality Tools. Tools retain their initial sharp clean cut edges with no scale, decarburization or reduction in size and have a maximum hardness and excellent grain structure from the center to the external edge of the tool. The Time Element is not so critical and tools can be given an ample soaking period to assure maximum hardness. Tools have been heated for more than one hour at 2350°F. without change in size or surface conditions to indicate this excessive heating time. Proper Size Diamond Blocks should be selected in accordance with the size tools to be heat treated, and not the size furnace used. Only a reasonably small clearance around the tool is allowed. Molybdenum high speed steels, also high carbon high chromium steels, when hardened in Diamond Block Atmosphere are completely free from decarburization or scale. These types of steel are recognized as especially subject to decarburization, which makes the assured quality of the Diamond Block Method of hardening especially desirable. The Silicon Carbide Muffle, in which the Diamond Blocks are inserted, protects the Block and increases its life by preventing the outside from wasting away. Page 81 a O Q- Ld UJ 2 DC « No. 89E High Speed with Carborundum Muffle and Diamond Block This unit constitutes the least expensive we ever supplied for quality hardening of high speed steel. It is equipped with a carborundum muffle having inside dimensions as follows: Width, 4%"; height, iy 2 "; d€pth, 6"; which accommodates the No. 2 Diamond Block, having inside dimensions as follows: Width, 3%"; height, %"; heated depth 6y 2 ". With it is used the No. 2 tray. Clearance height is %". Width between ribs, 2%" Available depth, 5". When it is in position; As an Oven Furnace: — See page 109. As a Forge: — See page 109. General Specifications : Heating time — 25 minutes to 2350°F. Maximum gas (1050 B.t.u.)— 120 cubic feet per hour (126,000 B.t.u.'s). Maximum air at 16 oz. pressure — 17 cubic feet per minute. Connections— City Gas V 2 ", Natural Gas 3 / 8 ", Bottled Gas %", Bench space — 26" x 16". Gross weight — 150 pounds. PAGE 82 u £ CC LU UJ > u o No. 96F High Speed Furnace As a Semi-Muffle Furnace When supplied as a semi-muffle furnace, it is provided with a carborundum hearth slab. The entrance is 5" x 5" and the hearth length is 10". Gas consumption, etc., are as given in the tabulation at the bottom of the page. For Diamond Block Hardening The carborundum muffle is pushed through the back and the hearth slab is omitted; consequently, it cannot be used" as a semi-muffle furnace. In addition to the Diamond Block sizes listed below, smaller blocks can be used with a cover plate, sizes being as follows : INSIDE DIMENSIONS No. Width Height Depth 2 3 3V 2 3%" 3%" 3V 2 " 15 /ie" 1 Vie" 2 y 4 " 6V2" 7V 2 " 8V 2 " Cover plate for No. 2 or No. 3, 4%" wide by Vi" thick by 7»/4" long. Tray for same 6V2" long by V' thick by 2%" width between the ribs. The muffle is sealed into the furnace entrance and consequently the products of combustion cannot enter it. The muffle itself is closed by the sliding door. Wasting away of the diamond block is thus prevented. This unit may also be used as a regular muffle furnace with diamond blocks removed. CD CC o OS CO LU CC Carborundum Muffle Inside Diamond Block No. 4 Inside c «j Gas Con. 1050 B.T.U. Gas Cu. F. per H. Dim. in Inches Dim. in Inches E c w 1 £ CO 8 CO X. 4-> JC X -C :§ 3 & c DO -0 5 S3 X C B c u IE 2 2q xs 96F 4% 4 11 31/2 3% 9^ 42 1 165 60 u <u w 20 PAGE 83 LU Q LX , CO > cc" « 5 o No.l50-BB High Speed Furnace This illustration is typical of either our No. 150-BB with hearth slab as a semi-muffle furnace or with full Carborundum Muffle and dia- mond block. The description below applies primarily to the furnace with diamond block. When supplied with a hearth slab- see detailed dimensions, etc., in the tabulation on the succeeding page — it may be operated with a rich atmosphere for hardening Tungsten high speed steel or for hardening other grades, providing grinding is subsequently done or that the work is coated with a suitable material to prevent de- carburization or scaling. In this furnace are combined the advantages of A.G.F. improved design and construction and the simplicity of the Diamond Block method for obtaining quality results in the hardening of high speed steel. Extreme flexibility is obtained : (a) Numerous combinations of Diamond Blocks can be worked out to best fit the particular work and obtain clean hardening without decarburiza- tion and with maximum production. (b) The Diamond Block can be omitted where the work pieces are too large to be handled in it. In this case, pieces of Diamond Block can be placed adjacent to the work and, by using the baffle in the front of the muffle, the results obtained approximate those which can be secured when using the standard Diamond Block. (c) The furnace may be used as a regular semi-muffle high speed Oven Furnace without the Diamond Block or muffle. Good results are obtained when operating in this manner on 18-4-1 grades of high speed steel and on the molybdenum grades where grinding is permissible after hardening. Sectional view of furnace with car- borundum muffle and Diamond Block. Tray and baffle are not shown. Note proper location of thermocouple. PAGE 84 Carborundum Muffle. The carborundum muffle is positioned through the entrance of the furnace and is supported by our standard hearth slab. Suitable bricks are provided to seal the muffle off from the combustion chamber. Inside dimensions of the muffle are as follows: Width, 8V 8 "; height, 4 Vis"; depth 16". Available Height. The inside height of the Diamond Block less the thickness of the tray gives the actual inside working height. The thickness of the tray varies with different sizes from Vie" to approximately V2". £1 =£ . .., . ; . ggg , r f<fK f <fK K \ \ \ \ '. v \ ■■■■ K -l- K V <J ^p- NO- )£ DIAMOND SLOCK^TRA^ \M ---. ^mw,,\ 1 -\ i V \ i The arrangement shown immediately above applies when using the following sizes of Diamond Blocks: INSIDE DIMENSIONS No. Width Height Length 11 12 13 14* 7 1 Vie" 7 1 V 16 " 7*3/16" 7>3/ie" l5 /ie" I'Vie" 2 %" 3 Vie" 11 W 12 W' nw *No cover plate required. Cover Plate No. 3Y, Width 834", Length 15". Tray No. 14, Width 7V 2 ", Length 12". Above arrangement permits the use of two Diamond Blocks side by side. Two of any of the following sizes can be so used : INSIDE DIMENSIONS Width Height Depth No. Std. *A" Length 2 3 3V 2 4 3 5 / 8 " 3V 2 " 3V 2 " 31/2" 15 /ie" IVie" 2 Va" 3 W 6V 2 " 71/2" sy 2 " 91/2" 13 J4" 14i/ 2 " 15V 2 " 15 %" The 'A 1 length blocks have exactly the same cross sec- tion as the regular blocks but are longer. The number should be used with the letter suffix 4 A' when or- dering. Cover plates same as above. Baffle No. 3YB is designed to closely fill the full open- ing of the carborundum muffle. Oven Dimensions u c w 3 Mo 3 c XE h2 Gas. Cons. 1050 B.T.U. Gas. Cu. m c •M CJ 2cj£ Entrance I nches Hearth in Inches F. per H. ■} w Floor Space in Inches \ c 3 PL u X. Ml -C X c c -1 5 c X CO 7 150BB 12 5 12 14 42 2 200 65 30 38 x46 PAGE 85 UJ C CO 5; ctf co P « 5 o ^ Furnace Table FOR the small shop, laboratory, vocational school, high schools, colleges and universities, this table is unusually well adapted because of the variety of work for which it can be used. As many as four students can work at it simultaneously as it is so designed that students can work from both sides. The clean lines of this modern table and the ample storage space under it insure a pleasing, orderly appearance at all times. The gas valves and air cocks for both furnaces are conveniently located just inside the door. Forging and Heat Treating The No. 89-D Forge described on page 109 can be used as a heat treating oven or as a forge. Lead Hardening, Cyanide Hardening, Salt Bath Hardening and Tempering A pressed steel pot, 6" in diameter by 8" deep, is suitable for any of these operations. If more than one of them is to be per- formed, we recommend extra pots. Making Aluminum Castings Small castings of aluminum are becoming increasingly popular because of their permanence and the comparatively low tem- perature at which strong, sound castings can be made. Such castings machine readily. For this work the pressed steel pot is removed and a cast iron crucible, having a capacity of 12 pounds of aluminum, is used. A crucible, refractory crucible support, and cover with bail are supplied as part of the standard unit. A No. 8 Graphite crucible may also be used. Furnace is lined with insulating refractory for efficiency and is equipped with heat-resisting alloy burners firing tangent to the pot for long life. A lighting hole is conveniently located. Venturi Mixers make adjustment of the air and gas from the connections on the front of the table easy. Page 86 CO tt oc in 3 U o Furnace Table (continued from preceding page) Air Supply Spencer blower No. B-50-12 (see page 164) operating from the 110 volt, 60 cycle, single phase lighting circuit is permanently mounted under the table and connected direct to the furnaces. Specifications Forge: See page 108 Pot Furnace : Pressed steel pot, 6" dia. by 8" deep. Cast iron crucible, 4 l / 2 " dia. by 7" deep. Capacity, 12 pounds of aluminum. Table: Totally enclosed with hinged doors in the front and a large removable plate at the rear for inspection, repairs, etc. Floor space, 48" x 24". Height, 36". Connections, gas 1". Electricity, 110 volts, 60 cycle, single phase. Maximum gas, 1050 B.T.U. Natural gas, 150 cu. ft./hr. Net weight, 700 pounds. Shipping weight, 850 pounds. If supplied without blower the air connection is 1 1 / 2 "\ maximum air require- ment, 30 cu. ft. per min. at 16 oz. pressure. UJ s CO CO UJ QC 51 2 Be co PAGE 87 Tool Room Oven Furnaces The A.G.F. Model No. 16 and 16-FC Oven Furnaces are specifi- cally designed for use in the tool department or small plant where occasional tools and parts must be heat treated. These furnaces are also extensively used for production hardening of small work pieces. The No. 16-F Oven Furnace employs a standard combustion system with the burners mounted into the side wall of the heating chamber to achieve positive control of the furnace atmosphere. The No. 16-F has an operating range between 1200° and 1800°F. and can be used for hardening, annealing, tempering, pack hardening or carburizing of small parts. The No. 16-FC is equipped with a special combustion system employing external burners which at the sacrifice of some degree of atmosphere control permits the achievement of an operating range from 300° to 2300°F. The No. 16-FC is particularly well suited to the clean hardening method utilizing a heat resisting alloy tray described on page 90. The No. 146 Oven Furnace is the No. 16-F made double length. OPERATIONAL ADVANTAGES Quick heating up is economically achieved by the use of a high efficiency lining and a high efficiency combustion system. Operating temperature of 1500°F. is achieved in approximately 25 minutes. Minimized maintenance and long operating life is assured by the use of heavy duty, high quality construction. Superior control of combustion. Burner flames can be easily adjusted to maintain a neutral, reducing or oxidizing atmos- phere in the furnace chamber surrounding the work. CONSTRUCTION FEATURES Casing is fabricated of welded steel plate and angles, with removable cast iron front and back plates. A convenient shelf Page 88 is provided in the bottom of the leg frame to accom- modate tongs, tools, etc. High efficiency lining is moulded and pre -burned high grade, light weight insulating refractory. Counter balanced refrac- tory door is easily operated and is self -sealing. A special observation win- dow is provided in the door. Burnering is designed to achieve maximum tem- perature uniformity. Three tips fire into each side of the heating chamber from staggered positions and the heat input capacity of each tip is sized according to its loca- tion, thus providing uniform heating of the work hearth area. Single Valve Ratio Set combustion system employs venturi action mixer utilizing air at 1 to 2 pounds per square inch u .£2 c u ra OhoC Entrance Hearth Slab a c gUJ x t 'S o cO jj-* 2U« 2 r CQU £ O J^ 22U Supply Conn. jsj '5 X X u X X ei C u Pipe Size Floor 2 u o eg Oil, < 3 CO £0 Space 16-F 1200° To 1800 F. 4" 8" 8" 14" 41 W 13 78 w %" 28" x 30" 16-FC 300° To 2300°F. 4" 8" 8" 14" 41 y 2 " 13 78 3 /i" 3 / 8 " 28" x 30" 146 1200° To 180CPF 4" 8" 8" 28" 41%" 26 155 1" 3 / 4 " 28" x 60" W CO LJ c Q. u page 89 pressure to proportionately entrain the fuel gas for fast, efficient heating. Once the air to fuel gas ratio is set, no further adjust- ments are necessary. CLEAN HARDENING OF SMALL PARTS Heat-resisting alloy tray with cover can be supplied when specified for the clean hardening of parts such as small needles, pen points, shafts, surgical knives, etc. A small quantity of charcoal, carburizing compound or bone can be placed with the work in the tray when it is desired to prevent any trace of decarburization or to case-harden the work to a slight degree. When using the alloy tray with cover, the usual practice is to first heat it to temperature. The work pieces are arranged on another unheated, open-ended light sheet metal tray. After the alloy tray has been heated, it is removed from the furnace. The cover of the alloy tray is then removed and the work is quickly slid from the light sheet metal tray into position on the hot alloy tray. Removal of the alloy tray and the quenching operation are shown in the illustration. The cover of the alloy tray is not opened until the tray and work is positioned over the quench. Special three-lever tongs are supplied for use in conjunction with these trays. Two of the levers support and hold the tray, while the third lever opens and closes the cover. Page 90 Improved Oven Furnaces A.G.F. Oven Furnaces are engineered to withstand the severe and continuous service to which these furnaces are subjected in commercial heat treat- ing plants. The construc- tion features afford many operational advantages which assist the operator in producing high quality work. These furnaces are extensively used for the hardening of carbon and alloy steels, annealing, tempering, pack harden- ing of carbon and alloy steels, pack carburizing, etc. The main heating burners fire immediately under the arch from both sides of the heating chamber. The hot gases from the burner flames are trapped beneath the arched roof of the oven chamber and descend evenly around the work and hearth, giving up their heat . These products of combustion are then forced out through vents which are located under the floor of the heating chamber and which exhaust at the roof through a duct in the back wall. The lower burners are of a supplementary nature and fire between the floor of the furnace and the hearth slab upon which the work is placed. The function of the lower burners which also fire from both sides of the heating chamber is to assure a uniform balance of temperature. Since all of the products of combustion must vent under the hearth slab and through the floor and back wall of the furnace, a positive pressure is built up within the oven furnace chamber. This positive pressure precludes the infiltration of air into the oven, even when the door is not tightly closed. The chimney action normally experienced in top vented oven furnaces is eliminated. The A.G.F. Single Valve Ratio Set combustion system employs a proportional venturi -action mixer. The burner flames can be easily adjusted to maintain a neutral, reducing or oxidizing atmosphere surrounding the work in the oven throughout the entire operating range, that is, from high to low temperature. The adjustment of the burner flames is easily made by one simple adjustment of the A.G.F. Single Valve Ratio Set. No operational adjustments need to be made unless a change is desired in the furnace atmosphere conditions. The features described above in effect produce a muffle type furnace in which any desired atmosphere condition can be Page 91 No. 205B Oven Furnace en w UJ QC Q. u ^nU No 220 Oven Furnace maintained during the heat treating cycle. OPERATIONAL ADVANTAGES Atmosphere control is achieved by ad- justing the flame setting of the heat- ing burners. The construction of the heating chamber and of the combus- tion system permits more positive con- trol of atmosphere within the oven than is possible with ordinary top vented furnaces or those employing a bunsen firing system. Excellent uniformity of temperature is achieved by the use of many small burners firing both top and bottom from both sides of the heating chamber. The use of numerous small burners rather than a few larger burners as is the common practice provides a better heat distribution — the furnace comes up to temperature more quickly and evenly. Further, the capacity of each burner is sized according to its location in the furnace chamber — slightly larger capacity burners being used near the door opening where heat losses are the greatest. The upper and lower burners are arranged in separate and in- dependent sets so that the furnace can be easily balanced out for temperature uniformity under particular operating conditions. Economical operation and quick heating -up is achieved by the use of a high efficiency lining which has low heat storage and low heat loss factors. The gas consumption of the latest style A.G.F. Oven Furnaces with insulating refractory linings is approximately 50% less than that of older style furnaces em- ploying a fireclay lining. Quiet operation results from the use of many small burners rather than a fewer number of larger and noisier burners. The combustion chamber and vent construction are designed to produce a quiescent atmosphere within the oven. Minimized maintenance and long operating life is assured by the use of heavy duty construction features such as high quality lining, super refractory burner tunnels, heat-resisting alloy burners, etc. CONSTRUCTION FEATURES Lining comprises 4W of high grade insulating refractory backed by 2V4" of block insulation. Hearth slab. The hearth slab upon which the work pieces rest and the hearth slab supports are of super refractory which we Page 92 No. 225C Oven Furnace have found most desirable from the standpoint of life, resistance to * abrasion, spalling, cracking and also because of its good thermal conductivity. Counter -balanced door is easily operated. The door is lined with insulating refractory and is provided with an observation hole having a Pyrex glass window. Models No. 200, 205 and 210 are provided with a foot treadle device for raising the furnace door. If desired, any of the standard Oven Furnaces can be equipped with an air cylinder having a foot operated valve to raise and lower the door and to operate with customer's high pressure air supply. Casing is constructed of welded steel plate suitably reinforced with structural members welded and bolted together. Heat-resisting alloy burners are employed on all models to give long service life and minimized maintenance. Alloy burners are not subject to oxidation and corrosion which clogs up cast iron burner tips normally used on such furnaces. Single Valve Ratio Set combustion system employs venturi- action mixers using air at one pound per square inch pressure to proportionately entrain the fuel gas for fast and efficient heating. Manifold pressure gauge having a large dial face is supplied for each set of upper and lower burners to give a quick visual in- dication of operating conditions. q m OPTIONAL FEATURES Over- hearths. Heat resisting alloy over -hearth extending into the furnace entrance vestibule and equipped with side flanges can be supplied at an additional charge to facilitate sliding Page 93 No. 232 Oven Furnace heavy work pieces or carburizing boxes in and out of the chamber. For high temperature operation up to 2500°F. the furnace can be equipped with a silicon carbide over-hearth. Automatic vent closures and atmosphere adjusting burners. The vent openings are closed the instant the door is raised, thus forcing all of the products of combustion out through the door and preventing the air from infiltrating into the oven chamber. This feature assists in obtaining scale-free work. When vent closures are supplied the furnace is also equipped with atmosphere adjusting burners which introduce unburned gas immediately under the main heating burners at the top of the furnace. The function of these burners is to permit setting the main burners for the most efficient heating and then employing the atmosphere^ adjusting burners to enrich the atmosphere to maintain a reducing condition within the oven chamber which is suitable for the hardening of various grades of carbon and high speed tool steels. STANDARD OPERATING TEMPERATURES A.G.F. Oven Furnaces are supplied for operation at tempera- tures from 1300° to 1800°F. Lower temperatures can be maintained in the standard furnaces by operating with either the upper or lower set of burners. If desired, A.G.F. furnaces can be supplied for lower operating temperature ranges as specified by the user. HIGH TEMPERATURE OPERATION For special applications any of the standard A.G.F. Oven Furnaces can be lined and burnered for operation at tempera- tures up to 2500°F. Page 94 sq| 'jqSia/n. Suiddiqg aaeujixojddv OOO omo ooo ©OU5 OOO ooo IfllftOO 9,500 9,850 10,300 OO© ooo 8 | o^^r o-boo IOX00 xr-s© XXX xboo Oh K XXX Bob© HN« XXX oob&s i»m<r| ■*■*© XXQO x-ooo (SO0O0 xxoo « jaddfj OOOO 0OQ0<N BOON -*©© XXOO 'J SBQ ^ - v sv^ ^ ^ ^m^* 18 C JI V jf^S rsc-i?s fOr^M la 3 gjnssaaj zo 91 ^ •"UAl/'l.d "0 ^X ««X X Xts fa .23 M i 'HoOOJ I 3B auipjoH 3SS <tf»rx OlAl/i XKH IfllfiO OUIO OfSro Nhn 6 > O umunxej/sj OifiO or^ir> OlftO omo ©OIC oon §§2 ainujiXBiAj paepUB;g ooo ooo 00 00 00 OOO OOO oo© ooo oo© ooo 00 00 00 OOO o©© 00 00 00 sjnoH— -JoOOSl 03 IBSjq 03 3LUJX fS<S<S NNN > M C c uope[nsu] (srac* NNN fS(sr4 fa a AiOlDBip^J SupBjnsui ^$f5P 5S& ss&£ ^^^ s luojj iqSiajq r*r»c* ©ob bx© ©©■* CO X q^Susq ^H—irs sorbin sDOOO C5^ vD r^oooo ■<tiox H^P!M r»bb www X OX XXM c CO c rtqSiaj-i lir>00© g?bb — »-in NQOf MIPIM r^^Psb SSSS XXX U3AQ PD ooo XOr* O^H < u hc4(S ©Oh IfifHOO I- g 1 z ' tr 3 uj c a. uj of oj PAGE 95 Model 77T Double Entrance Furnace with Removable Roof Double Entrance Ovens For semi-continuous operation, that is, charging at one end and discharging at the other, these furnaces prove advantageous, for example, in the annealing of cups, long tubes, etc. The general construction is similar to the standard Oven Furnaces in that they are top and bottom fired, lined with insulating refractory, equipped with heat-resisting alloy burners and the Single Valve Ratio Set combustion system. Of course, other sizes of furnaces as described on preceding pages can be similarly arranged if so desired. »£ Entrance Hearth <U 5 3 u o "0 - oZ c CO o « ^ 3 o w '3 CO Ss c c 5 > QO JZ X X C Sc ^ U> 4-> M O ff CO g ■so a . -o a c E S S Maximum Consumptior B.T.U. Nat. Cu. Ft./Hr. w c ., •SSI Floor Space 210C 16 W' 12" 14" 42" 32" 1 1800 225 30 55" x 68" 145 18" 10" 18" 10' 10" 38" 1 1800 340 46 56" x 142" 137A 26" 16" 26" 48" 40" -- ' 1 1800 250 34 65" x 82" 221 26" 16" 26" 60" 30" 1 1800 325 44 64" x 94" 215B 26 W 26" 26" 37 Vi" 40" 1 1800 250 34 58" x 70" 77T 32" 10" 36" 12' 0" 36 H" 2 2000 600 81 86" x 180" 234 36" 24" 36" 48" 30" 2 1800 500 67 86" x 86" 237 48" 48" 48" 60" 30" 2 1800 675 92 95" x 94" No. 137 A Double Entrance Oven Furnace, with tracks, which is suitable for annealing brass, etc. The work is placed in suitable baskets on trucks and pushed through the furnace. to K QC UJ si Sol Improved Pot Furnaces for . . . Lead Hardening Cyanide Hardening Salt Bath Hardening Liquid Carburizing Tempering Non-Ferrous Annealing and Solution Heat Treatment Rectangular Pot Furnaces Typical Installation of a Large Salt Bath Hardening Pot, Automatic temperature control is provided, although it cannot be seen in this illustration. o GC o 2 E £ t c i c c [ [ [ c c J No. 12C -| Pol Hardening Furnace M ft UJ £ CO * 12C Pot Furnace A versatile, compact gas-fired bench style pot type hardening and tempering furnace which can also be used as a melting furnace, see page 118. With a pressed steel pot, the furnace can be used for salt hardening, lead hardening or tempering at temperatures up to 18O0°F. Rugged and durable construction features include: Heat resisting alloy burners (two) firing tangentially into heating chamber. High quality, hard burned fireclay lining. Heavy sheet steel furnace body. Pot supporting ring is provided to uniformly distribute weight of pot and contents on a greater surface area of the supporting brick, thus prolonging lining life. Venturi-action mixing system using 12 ounces air pressure for low tempera- ture operation and 24 ounces air for high temperature. Lighting hole with refractory plug. Specifications: For various salt tempering and hardening operations, the furnace is equipped with a pressed steel pot 6" in diameter x 5" deep. Chamber Size: 8" diameter x 7y 2 " available depth. Maximum Air Requirement: Approximately 7 cu. ft./min. at one pound per square inch. Maximum Gas Consumption: 40,000 B.T.U./hour. Connections: Air — %"; Gas — %". Bench Space: 20" x 24". Net Weight— approximately 120 pounds. Shipping Weight — approximately 150 pounds. PAGE 97 Pot Tempering Furnaces A.G.F. Pot Tempering Furnaces are designed for the tempering of both carbon and high speed tool steels with either oil or salts at temperatures from 350° to 1100°F. The liquid heating medium excludes air, thus assuring clean work without scaling or extreme discoloration. Heating in a liquid medium also assures that all work parts are heated to the same temperature. The casing is of all welded sheet steel construction and is lined with a light weight insulating material which reduces heat storage to a point where it is negligible, thus eliminating temperature over-riding difficulties. The pot is of cast semi -steel and is provided with lifting eyes. A drip ring prevents getting the heating medium in the furnace chamber. Uniform heating is assured by a special ring type burner, which is easily removed for inspection or cleaning, and a properly designed venting system. These furnaces are supplied either to use air at one pound and gas at line pressure with our Single Valve Ratio Set or to use only an atmospheric or Bunsen type mixer. When supplied with the atmospheric mixer, the maximum temperature is 900°F., and an inexpensive throttling automatic temperature controller may be used. With the S. V. R. Set the air-gas mixture is set as desired and automatically maintained. Control of heat input is by manipulating the air cock only. When supplied with an atmospheric or Bunsen type mixer a pilot flame is provided so that the burner can be shut off entirely when necessary to prevent over -riding of the temperature and it is automatically relighted by the pilot when heat is called for by the control. No. 4 Tempering Furnace No. 4 Pot 11" diameter x 10 W deep Mesh wire basket 7" dia. x 7" deep Max. air at 16 oz. 4 cu. ft./min. Max, gas (1050 B.T.U.) 30 cu. ft./hr. Connections Gas, %"; Air, y 2 " Floor space 26" x 32" Net weight 340 lbs. Gross weight 400 lbs. No. 7-D Pot 17 V 4 " dia. x 17 %" deep Mesh wire basket liy 2 " dia. x 14" deep Max. air at 16 oz. 7 cu. ft./min. Max. gas (1050 B.T.U.) 55 cu. ft./hr. Connections Gas, l / 2 "\ Air, 3 4" Floor space 30" x 36" Net weight 450 lbs. Gross weight 600 lbs. PAGE 98 Uj UJ cc u cw > UJ > o O No. 30C Rectangular Pot Tempering Furnace with single valve ratio set and Partlow throttling type automatic temperature control in air line. (Max. Temp. 950°F.) Rectangular Pot Tempering Furnaces These furnaces are designed for use with oil or salt as a medium in tempering or stress relief operations at temperatures from 350°F. to 950°F. and for occasional use in tempering high speed steel at temperatures to 1100°F. They are intended primarily for longer pieces of work which would not fit well in a round pot, however, they are suitable for a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Because the heating medium is liquid, oxygen is excluded, resulting in clean work without scale or excessive discoloration. Also, all parts of the work are brought up to temperature at the same time, minimizing distortion. CONSTRUCTION The body of the furnace is of all welded steel plate and angle construction suitably reinforced at strategic points for greater strength. The cast semi- steel pot hangs by its flange in the ample combustion chamber. At this point, the design is such that drippings of oil or salt are prevented from entering the chamber. A covered observation and lighting hole is also provided . A mesh wire basket as listed in the table below is supplied with each furnace. These furnaces are provided with a single valve ratio set as per page 158 using air at 1 to 2 lbs. pressure and gas at 2"-8" water column pressure, Size of Inside <u Pot Dimensions of Basket 3* 2cu eg II -C s> c -C a s Q c u X a u Q So 3 17A 19 y 2 " 10" 7" 14 W t 8" 5" 63 9 30C 23" 15" 11V 2 " 18" 10" 8" 78 11 31C 29" 15" 12" 24" 10" 8" 95 13 a cc O 2 si Page 99 of CO Pol Hardening Furnaces No. 3 ISA Pot Furnace A.G.F. Pot Hardening Furnaces are supplied in various sizes to suit the requirements of the small shop heat treating depart- ment or for continuous duty in the production heat treating department or a commercial heat treating plant. A.G.F. Pot Hardening Furnaces are regularly supplied for use with lead, cyanide, neutral salt or carburizing salt as the heating medium. OPERATIONAL ADVANTAGES Uniformity of heating is achieved by the use of many small burners firing into the heating chamber. The use of numerous small burners equally spaced apart rather than a few larger burners as is the common practice provides a better heat dis- tribution — the pot comes up to temperature more quickly and is more evenly heated. Tangential firing of the burners into the furnace chamber imparts a swirling action to the flames and products of com- bustion, thus eliminating direct flame impingement upon the pot. Quiet operation results from the use of many small burners rather than a fewer number of larger and noisier burners. Down Draft. The products of combustion vent through a refractory lined flue at the bottom of the furnace chamber, thus insuring most efficient utilization of the available heat and a maximum supply of heat to the top of the pot where the radia- tion losses are the greatest. Top firing insures melting of the contents of the pot from the top downward thus avoiding the setting up of undue strains in the pot during the heating -up period. Economical operation and quick heating -up is achieved by the use of a high efficiency lining which has low heat storage and low heat loss factors. Gas consumption of latest style A.G.F. Pot Furnaces with insulating refractory linings is approximately 50% less than that of furnaces employing fireclay linings. Minimized maintenance and long operating life is assured by page 100 No. 300A Pot Hardening Furnace, note arrangement and complete- ness of drain-out and bottom vent. the use of heavy duty construc- tion features such as high quality lining, super refractory burner tunnels, heat-resisting alloy burners, etc. CONSTRUCTION FEATURES Lining. The side wall of the furnace chamber is built of high grade insulating refractory backed up with block insulation. For mechanical strength a hard burned refractory is employed at the top of the heating cham- ber. The bottom of the furnace is lined with a high grade refractory material and slopes downward to a combined drain- out and vent. Super refractory burner tunnels are used in all models to provide a long operating life under the most severe operating conditions. Heavy sheet steel furnace body is ruggedly constructed for long life. The two piece cast iron top plate used on A.G.F. Furnaces eliminates the possibility of cracking which is experienced with one piece top plates. Pot supporting ring with tight sealing arrangement is supplied to prevent the drippage or spillage of salts or other contents of the pot from entering the furnace heating chamber. Side venting through the wall of the furnace and through a lined flue near the bottom of the furnace chamber directs the flue gases away from the operator. Warpage and cracking of the top plate resulting from venting around it is eliminated. Vent and drain-out. The products of combustion escape at the bottom of the furnace through the combination vent and drain-out shown at the right side of the illustration of the Model 300 Pot Furnace. The products of combustion entrain atmospheric air before passing into the flue, thereby reducing their temperature and preventing excessive oxidation or corro- sion of the flue. A flap door keeps the drain out opening closed. Heat-resisting alloy burners are employed on all models to give long service life and minimized maintenance. Single Valve Ratio Set combustion system employs venturi action mixers using air at approximately one pound per square inch pressure to proportionately entrain the fuel gas for fast and efficient heating. This combustion system provides A.G.F. Pot Furnaces with the wide turn down range necessary for rapid heating as well as the ability to hold the desired temperature. Manifold pressure gauge having a large dial face is supplied on the mixture manifold to give a quick visual indication of opera- ting conditions. Page 101 " Pi (£ LU CO *= CO > LU > O O Si POTS The pot sizes listed for every model are the maximum size which can be used in the furnace. Pots of smaller diameter or lesser depth can be used in any of the furnaces with excellent results. Pots for the Model 360 Pot Furnace can be supplied only in cast heat-resisting alloy. Pots for all other models can be supplied in any of the following materials at an additional cost. Pot Type (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) Pot Material Pressed Steel. Pressed Steel, exterior coated with chromium - nickel. 35% nickel, 15% chromium heat resisting alloy. 60% nickel, 12% chromium heat resisting alloy. Fabricated Inconel. No. 340 A Pot Furnace Equipped with hood. OPTIONAL FEATURES Hoods. Any of the pot furnace models listed can be supplied with a suitable hood for carrying off fumes. These hoods are made of heavy gauge sheet steel with a large vent in the conical top for connecting to an exhaust system. An opening between the top of the furnace and the bottom of the hood facilitates ventilation — chimney action drawing fumes out of the hood. Large double doors make access to the pot easy, either for handling work or for rotating or removing the pot. The notch under the door is convenient for the long handles on baskets or bars on which work is generally handled. STANDARD OPERATING TEMPERATURES A.G.F. Pot Furnaces are supplied for operation at temperatures from 1400° to 1650°F. If desired, these furnaces can be supplied for lower or higher operating temperatures as specified by the user. PAGE 102 (A « U to s En fi 0) ■0 (8 Pi sqq jqSia^Y Suiddiqg 33BLUlXOjddy sql aqBLuixojddy U-t/j *.2 SBQ -»V sjaujng jo aaquin^ ajnsssjjj zo 0"> §.9h £§ «, J ^Lu \do009I IB Su!p|o H LUnLUIXBJAj uoi3B[nsuj AjorpBJja^j SunBinsuj loj }o dox ca joou luojj iq^iDj-i 1*1 •sqq pB.V ] s ql 3I B S y U O.N q 3 d3Q J333UJBIQ ■o N lapoj^i XXX ooo SiS? 3^ ^^ <X>©U © © ^ Tf 00 00 ssss 5§§ ^^^ ooo OOO NON OOO UiUiO TOO ~*w« r OOlft OOO^h Ororo OOO OOO OWO ©ooo T^tb oooo© -*t-* g§g lfl©W ©©© ooo lOsD^ ©©© U)OU) ^^ ^^ o©o o©© <r©© J" J* <« lO©U5 1| II II ^ II *t. CC UJ CO * co > UJ 3 O O s O CE O CO- CO CO 0- uj E £ q! m of w 2« Page 103 5 o No. 99 Rectangular Pot Furnace High Temperature Rectangular Pot Furnaces For Salt or Lead Bath Hardening Temp. Range 1000°— 1600°F. Pot Size Approx. Max. Gas Cons (1050 B.T.U) C.F.H. Approx . Max. Air at 16 oz. C.F.M. Location Fur. No. Lg. Width Depth of Burners 124 49A 99 102 111 118 is y 4 " 24" 58" sow 12" 193/4" 103/ 8 " 12" 14" 24 J4" 6 V*" 1G%" 8" ny 2 " 143/4" 15" 10" 7%" 180 225 250 300 85 255 30 36 42 50 14 43 side side bottom side side bottom Where the cylindrical Pot Furnaces as described on preceding pages (which we consider preferable) cannot be adapted to the work, rectangular fur- naces are supplied. They are side fired if deep, under fired if shallow, and usually the burners are so arranged that half of them can be turned off once operating temperature has been attained. They are regularly supplied with castmeehanite or chromax pots for use with lead or salt. Linings are insulating refractory backed by block insulation. The burners and combustion system are generally similar to those of the round style pot furnaces described on the preceding pages. No. 102 Rectangular Pot Furnace » Pi i- < No. 106 Rectangular Pot Furnace Low Temperature Rectangular Pot Furnaces These furnaces find application especially in the heat treatment of Dur- alumin, annealing brass, tin dipping, lead coating, etc. also for tempering. They are extensively used for continuous hardening and tempering of wire and strip and for lead quenching at elevated temperatures. A cover is provided to reduce radiation loss when so desired.,. Temp. Range 450°— 1200°F. Approx. Pot Size Max. Gas Approx. Location Cons N/lax Air of Lining Fur. (1050B.T.U) 16 oz. Burners No. Lg. Width Depth C.F.H. C.F.M. 115 23" 15 V 4 " 18" 160 27 side 4V 2 "I.R., 1' 4U"I.R. Ins. 30A 23 W' is y 4 " 12" 140 25 bottom 114 30" 30" 30" 325 54 side 4W'IJR M V Ins. 101 48" 18" 8%" 263 44 bottom 2V 2 "I.R- 107 48" 18" 40" 350 60 side 4V 2 "I.R., 1' Ins. 105 f?, 1 / 2 " 24 W' 15" 275 56 bottom 41/2'T.R. 112 51" 30 Jj" 30" 540 90 side 4 1/2" I. R., V Ins. 108 58" 21 W' 16%" 440 74 bottom 4V 2 "F.C. 104 60" 40" 11" 250 42 bottom 2V 2 "F.C. 113 72" 24 W* 20" 600 100 side 4V 2 "I.R., 1' Ins. 100 72" 24" 7" 350 60 bottom 2V 2 "I.R. 117 72" 30" 10" 500 83 bottom 4V 2 "I.R., 1' Ins. 106 72" 30" 30" 500 83 side 41/2'T.R., 1' Ins. 121 72" 34" 30" 650 108 side 4V 2 ' / F.C. 119 83" 29" 28" 650 108 side 4V 2 "F.C. 122 88" 34" 30" 680 114 side 4V 2 "F.C. 125 96" 36" 10" 470 78 bottom 4y 2 "I.R., 1' Ins. 103 120" 40" 11" 750 125 bottom 2V 2 "F.C. 109 127" 18" 14" 650 108 bottom 4%"I.R. o O No. 100 Rectangular Pot Furnace CO 60 Q. u ©3 [ [ : : : : : : : : : : : : a uj cc lu CO *= oo > 111 5 O O Bench Forges Convertible Bench Forges All Purpose Forges Soldering Iron Heater Rivet Heaters Regular Forges Cutlery Forges ' Heavy-Duty Forges Van-Stoning Forges § o B O a. z Bench Forges in a Vocational School. BC to O c No. OO Bench Forge Utility Bench Forge T^VERY tool room should -*-' have one of these forges which are especially suited for quickly heating small pieces for forging, bending, tool dressing, end hardening or annealing of carbon and high speed tools, brazing, etc. A forging heat can be ob- tained in two minutes from cold. Removable front, back and top bricks make them con- venient for locally heating long rods for bending or otherwise forming. Opposing burner flames firing into the heating chamber assure uniform heating. These forges are widely used for forging surgical and dental tools and in school shops, laboratories, etc. Venturi action mixing system employing air at 1 to IV2 p.s.i. supplies air-gas mixture to burner. Optional Feature: Compressed air reduction equipment to utilize 60 p.s.i. air as described on page 166 can be supplied at a slight additional charge. No. OO 0C LU CO * CO > O O No. OO Bench Forge Entrances (front and back)— 3" wide x 2" high. Heating space — 4" deep. Max. air at 16 oz. — 10 cu. ft. per min. Max. gas consumption (1050 B.T.U.)— 75 C.F.H. Connections — Gas, %" — Air, y 2 "- Bench space — 45" x 12". Net weight— 40 lbs. Shipping weight — 50 lbs. No. OOA Bench Forge. Entrance 3%" high. Other specifications as above for OO. PAGE 107 No. OOA Bench Forge Convertible Bench Forge Model 89 -CB Bench Forge Forging, bending, tool dressing, brazing, hardening or annealing of carbon and high speed steel parts can be readily accomplished in these versatile A.G.F. Convertible Bench Forges. They are extensively used by tool rooms, school shops, manufacturers of orthopedic devices, laboratories, etc. Forging heat is obtained in 15 to 25 minutes. Removable cover and entrance bricks increase versatility, per- mitting heating portions of long work or hardening unusually shaped pieces. Entrance height can be increased by placing extra bricks under the removable cover. If desired, the Model 89-DB can be supplied with an additional 89 -CB top brick for increased efficiency in handling small parts. The Model 89-DB Bench Forge can be supplied with a hole in its top brick to accommodate either a graphite crucible, cast iron pot or pressed steel pot. See figures A, B, and C. When pot or crucible is removed the furnace converts to a standard forge. Casing is fabricated of heavy steel plate and structural members welded together. Adjustable work supporting rack is provided at the front entrance opening. High quality lining is of moulded hard burned fireclay. The removable cover brick is banded to give longer service life. The Model 89-DB is equipped with a Carbofrax work hearth. Heat resisting alloy burners (two on each side) fire into the heating chamber. In the Model 89-DB, the burners fire under- neath the removable hearth slab. Burner positions are staggered to insure uniform heating. Venturi action mixing system employs air at 1 to l l / 2 pounds pressure to supply air-gas mixture to the burners. OPTIONAL FEATURES Compressed air reduction equipment to utilize 60 p.s.i. air as described on page 166 can be supplied at a slight additional charge. Floor stand of any desired working height can be supplied for both Model 89-CB and 89-DB at a nominal cost. Page 108 Entrances Heating Chamber II sad *8£ u ca -; . 2uS Supply Connections (Pipe Size) 4) 5 0) a J Approx, Weight Lbs. 1 £2 -a be 1 .c I Air Gas Net Gross 89CB 89DB 6" 6" 2" |4" 6" t6" 6" f6" 94 94 13 13 1" 1" w Vz" 26" X 16" 95 100 140 150 ■ co Uj UJ CC uj o s CO J* o o Q fWith Carbofrax hearth in position, entrance is 3%" high; heating space 4V&" wide x 6" deep. 1T7HEN desired, the No. 89- * * DB Bench Forge may be supplied with a hole in its top brick together with a suitable top cover brick with handle to accommodate either a graphite crucible, cast iron pot or pressed steel pot as illustrated below. Model 89-DB Bench Forge Figure A. Modified No. 89-DB Bench Forge illustrated at left is supplied with a No. 2 graphite crucible (3 3 4" outside top diam- eter x 4V2" overall height) and -^- top cover brick with handle. Figure B. Modified No. 89-DB Bench Forge illustrated at right is supplied with a cast iron pot pattern No. 692 with handle (pot size 3y 2 " diameter x 2%" deep) and with a top cover brick with handle. -> \rv [/\] Figure C. Modified No. 89-DB Bench Forge illustrated at left is supplied with a pressed steel pot 4" diameter x 6" deep and with top cover brick with handle. PAGE 109 CO CO UJ CC Q- uj h: z QC ID 5 o All Purpose Forges A.G.F, All Purpose Forges are of the same general construction as the model 89-CB. These larger model double entrance forges are especially suitable for general forg- ing, heating ends of bars, and will easily reach operating tempera- tures up to 2400°F. All Purpose Forges are supplied in either regular floor models or bench models . Casing is constructed of welded steel plate suitably reinforced with structural members. Lining is of high grade hard burned fireclay to resist abrasion and spalling and to give longer service life. Removable banded top cover brick adds to the range of work that may be handled. The side wall height may be built up by the use of standard firebrick to accommodate special shaped pieces. Heat resisting alloy burners give long service life and minimize maintenance. Single valve ratio set combustion system employs a venturi action mixer using air at 1 to IV2 pounds per square inch pressure to proportionately entrain the fuel gas for fast and efficient heating. Heat input is regulated by the operation of a single air valve. This combustion system provides a wide turn down range necessary to achieve rapid heating as well as the ability to hold at temperature. OPTIONAL FEATURES Atmosphere adjusting burners. To reduce scaling to a minimum, these forges can be equipped with special atmosphere adjusting burners to surround the work with a highly reducing atmosphere. Compressed air reduction equipment to utilize 60 p.s.i. air as per page 166 can be supplied. PAGE 1 10 *t_ M = Uj UJ CC Li c« "= CO > UJ 5 o o 3* All Purpose Forges 13 Supply Approx. Entrances Conn. Weight S2 « Ez 3 « Pipe Size Lbs. Z ll 5 at "53 X OS L 22U Max. Air R Cu. Ft. /Mir oz. Pressure Air Gas Net Gross *139 12" 2" 12" 200 27 1V 4 " 3 / 4 " 24" 400 500 139A 12" 2" 12" 200 27 1V 4 " V 4 " X 450 600 U39AA 12" 41/2" 12" 200 27 IV4" w 35" 450 600 *142 12" 8" 12" 200 27 IV4" w 24" x 400 550 142 A 12" 8" 12" 200 ir 1%" w 35* 450 600 *Bench Type +Single Entrance Iron Heater The Model No. 2 Soldering Iron Heater is recommended for the fastest and most efficient heating of soldering irons. The heater has a capacity of two four pound irons and is equipped with a rack for holding the irons horizontally in the heater. CONSTRUCTION FEATURES: Casing is fabricated of cast iron and sheet steel suitably re- inforced. Lining is fabricated of high quality hard burned fireclay. Venturi action mixing system employs air at 1 to 1% p.s.i. to supply air-gas mixture to the burners. OPTIONAL FEATURE : Compressed air reduction equipment to utilize 60 p.s.i. air as described on page 166 can be supplied at a slight additional charge. Model No. 2 Entrance 3Vi" wide x 1%" high Depth 4V 2 " Max. air at 16 oz 7Cu. Ft./Min. Max. gas (1000 b.t.u.) 50 Cu. Ft./Hr. Connections Gas Vi" — Air 3 / 8 " Bench space 12" x 16" Net weight 36 lbs. Shipping weight 50 lbs. approx. UJ QC 0. UJ ii q n iii n ■ > p w No. 2 A Rivet Heater. Note use of high pressure air mixer as per page 166. Rivet Heaters TN our Rivet Heaters or Rivet Forges the flame is directed downward directly upon the work, thus securing rapid, efficient, and economical heating. As may be seen from the illustra- tion of the No. 2A, the casings are of modern all welded steel construc- tion with a handy storage space underneath for tongs, tools, etc. The No. 1 is a bench style with one opening, as shown, but the others are charged at the top in the rear of the furnace and hot rivets are removed at the front. The No. 2 A and 3 A are similar in appearance. The No. 5A is provided with two vertically sliding doors so that work may be drawn from either side independently. These furnaces, excepting the No. 1, are regularly supplied with our Single Valve Ratio Set which automatically maintains the desired air-gas ratio. Heat input is controlled by the air cock only. The floor bricks are made from hard burned refractory for maximum abrasion resistance. Capacities. The Model 1 Bench Style Rivet Heater is suitable for handling rivets up to sizes ranging from %" to Vz" diameter. The Model 2A Rivet Heater will handle a 30 pound charge of rivets up to %" diameter, 3" long. Heating rate of Z A" rivets is from ISO to 200 per hour. The Model 3 A will accept a charge of 50 pounds and will easily heat 100 pounds of rivets per hour. Rivets up to 4" in length may be easily handled in this model. The largest Model 5A heater will handle 200 pounds of rivets per hour. No. 1 Rivet Heater V Inlet at Top Discharge XX c « CX X « 9 ST CO fc^ us N fa 0^ s X X C X X '5 X u CO l - - sw 3V 2 " 6V 4 " (ID.) 94 13 2A 4" 9" 9" 17" 112 15 3A 5" 11" 12" 4" 25 W' 1 200 27 5A 7" 17" 18" | 7%" 1 48" 500 70 PAGE 1 12 2 UJ O £ </> > o o Regular Forges in*OR the heating of all kinds of *■ small and medium size work, in- cluding chisels, lathe and planer tools and for forging generally, our Regular Forges are extensively used. The opening at the rear is identical with the front opening to permit heating work at a mid-point for up- setting or bending. These forges are provided with our single valve ratio set, thus giving quick adjustment by means of one valve only and the correct air to gas mixture for most efficient heating over the entire operating range. Large specially moulded hard burned refractory sections are used in the lining to insure a long life with a minimum of repairs. Heat resisting alloy burners fire in from both sides of the heating chamber. A special feature of these furnaces is their short heating up time and the speed with which work can be turned out. The usual dirt, smoke and other disadvantages of coal or oil forges is entirely eliminated. Furthermore these gas forges are provided with our Single Valve Ratio Set, which gives quick adjustment of heat input by means of the air cock only, main- taining the selected "air to gas" ratio automatically. Thus a rich fire can be used to reduce scaling to a minimum. D Entrances 0® !/>0 CO W-v • 1 u « a Forge OSx < 3 No. lit il* x bfi 3-s.S si £ X -SO *£ m ZM 2B 5V 2 " 3" 6" 17S 24 24" x 24" 3E 9" 2" 12" 250 34 30" x 26" *5H 11" 3" 12" 300 40 32" x 26" 5HB 11" 5" 14" 250 34 32" x 26" £1 q cd ♦Single or double entrance. 5 O PAGE 1 13 Heavy Duty Forges Used in many plants for pro- duction forging of medium and heavy parts, our Heavy Duty Forges entirely elimin- ate the dirt and smoke char- acteristic of oil or coal fired equipment. They are constructed throughout for hard service with an extra heavy welded steel plate casing and a lining of 4^" of highest quality hard burned fire clay refractory backed by block insulation. The hearth is of Sillimanite to resist abrasive action and any slagging action which may occur. The comparatively high absorption char- acteristics of this refractory hearth mean that the heat stored in it is given up to the under side of the work when it is placed in position. The hearth extends out from the chamber slightly to make a convenient working shelf. Numerous small heat resisting alloy burners firing across the forge under the arch insure rapid, efficient heating. The single valve ratio set which serves them provides the correct mixture of air and gas at all times for efficiency and for the most desirable atmospheric conditions to hold scaling at a minimum. Atmosphere adjusting burners, which enter between the regular heating burners, make it possible to carry a highly reducing atmosphere where it is desired to reduce scaling further. Preheating pipe for the air extending in a "U" across the front of the furnace and a shield to protect the operator are also provided. An auxiliary rear entrance may also be furnished if it is desired to heat parts of long work. </) Supplv Entrance u c a , c Conn . a 1 a w Pipe Size Ji 3 H i- efl u X wx £ .£•£ U-OQ «? ~0 OX 4jM "0 "53 js 2u2 la Air Gas 143 18" w 4" 12" 310 41 1V 2 " 1" fl48 20" 12" 9" 38" 740 98 2V 2 " 2" 145B 24" - — ■ 1 1/ 2 " 9" 290 40 1%" 1" 145 24" ■ — - 3" 9" 290 40 1%" 1" 129 A 24" 6J4" 3" 19" 450 60 2" 1V 4 " 144 24" 6V 4 " 3" 38" 650 90 2V 2 " l w |149 24" 6" 48" 765 102 2Vz" 2" tl50 24" 13" 10" 24" 485 72 2" w 146 36" — 3" 24" 650 90 2 W 1 w fWith sliding door. PAGE 1 14 Cutlery Forges /^UTLERY Forges find appli- ^~*^ cation especially on produc- tion jobs where heating the ends of numerous small blanks is involved, such as scissor blanks, small chisels, punches, etc. A number of pieces are heated simultaneously and as rapidly as a hot piece is removed it is replaced with a cold one. The cover brick is removable so that increased height can be obtained where required and to facilitate repairs. No. 78H Forge The back is closed by means of a brick which can be slid forward or backward as desired for adjusting the depth of the heating chamber. This brick may also be removed entirely, thus con- verting the forge to double -entrance style. Air gas mixture is supplied for these Forges by our Single Valve Ratio Sets, which give quick adjustment of heat input by means of the air cock only, maintaining the desired air to gas ratio automatically, thus a rich fire can be used to reduce scaling to a minimum. Entrances h i 4JCQ 1 u « a Supply Conn. Forge | <dS Pipe Size Floor No. | "2a 3 £~ 0-2 3 3.5 ^ S -3 £ 3 Space £ X 23a x^E < 20D 15" iy 2 " 4" 175 25 1V 4 " ¥ 29" x 20" 78H 20" 2" 6" 250 34 }# 40" x 21" 78HA 20" 1" 6" 200 17 IV4" 1" 40" x 24" 130B 20" 2" 12" 225 30 1}4" 1" 40" x 28" 130C 20" 6 " 12" 250 34 lVi" 1" 40" x 28" to K UJ " DC LU to *= to > O O en « UJ cc Ql uj IS q a, PAGE 1 15 a: « o No. 138 Van Stoning Forge with single valve ratio set. T^HESE forges were originally designed for heating the ends of heavy pipes and tubes, for rolling out a flange, in making the Van Stone type of joint. These Forges are also used for the heating of various styles of tubing, for flanging, as mentioned above, or for necking. Burners fire tangentially for uniform, rapid heating of the end of the work without flame impingement. The front brick is readily removable to permit one with a larger or smaller hole being substituted, according to the size of the pipe or tubing being heated. Lining is of heavy hard burned specially moulded refractory. The burners are of heat resisting alloy and are served by our Single Valve Ratio Set. No. I. D. of Chamber Length Inside End Bricks Maximum Opening Front Brick Max. Gas Consumption C.F.H. 1050 B.T.U. Gas Air Req. C.F.M. at 16 oz. *136 137 138 10" 18" 28" 8" 7" 10" 6" dia. 12" dia. 20" dia. 120 250 550 20 35 75 *Bench T PAGE 1 16 ype. AC UJ CO * CO > id £ O O u -j Bench Type Melters Regular Melters g UJ to 3 Brass Melters High Heat Melters Aluminum Melters Soft Metal Melters A Battery of Regular Melters for the U. S. Mint in San Francisco. ii o m UJ LU Z « CO > c I I [ [ I [ r c c [ : : Gold and Silver Melter OC LU o o at 5 Q -I £ Improved No. 1-B High Heat Melter THESE small melters are used principally for small melts of gold and silver and for experimental and test work in laboratories. The No. 1 -A Little Giant Melter is designed for the melting of precious metals. The furnace can be easily disassembled by the removal of three wing nuts, thus facilitating recovery of precious metal in the event of crucible breakage. The No. 1-B High Heat Melter is especially designed for labora- tory work and other melting operations which require tempera- tures up to 1800°F. The time required to melt 10 ounces of copper, using air at one pound per square inch, is 10 minutes. Improved Venturi Mixer simplifies adjustment and increases heating efficiency. Furnace lining is of fire clay refractory and insulation for economy and increased speed, A convenient rack is provided for supporting the hot cover, when removing the crucible. Melter No. 1-A 1-B Capacity — No. 0000 black lead crucible, which will hold one and a half pounds, troy weight, of gold when % full. Max. air at 16 oz. C.F.M 5 6 Max. gas (1050 B.T.U.) in cu. ft./hr 30 40^ Connections f Gas . 14" ^4" { Air.. ft" %" Bench Space 12" x 17" 10" x 14" Net Weight, lbs 15 27 Shipping Weight, lbs 25 40 No. 1A "LITTLE GIANT 1 ' MELTER. M CO UJ cc q co No. 12-C Mclfer No. 12-C Melter equipped with cast iron pot. A versatile, compact gas-fired bench furnace which can be used either as a crucible or pot type melter. As a melter, the No. 12-C easily achieves operating temperatures of 2250°F. for the crucible melting of brass, silver, gold, etc. The same furnace will readily accommodate either a cast iron or pressed steel pot for melting lead and other soft metals. The No. 12-C Melter is of rugged and durable construction which includes the use of two alloy burners, venturi action mixer, high quality hard burned fireclay lining, heavy sheet steel furnace body and pot supporting ring. SPECIFICATIONS For the melting of various soft metals, the furnace is equipped with a cast iron pot having a pouring spout and lifting lugs to permit the use of a lifting bar when pouring. The pot is 6" in diameter x 5" deep and has a capacity of approximately 40 pounds of lead. For crucible melting, a suitable refractory cover, with handle, crucible supports and #4 graphite crucible can be supplied. Capacity of No. 4 graphite crucible is as follows : Bronze and Brass — approximately 10 pounds. Gold — approximately 29 pounds troy. Silver— approximately 16 pounds troy. Aluminum — approximately 3 pounds. For special requirements a cast: iron crucible ^/% f in diameter x 5" deep can be supplied. Chamber Size: 8" diameter x 7 l /4" available depth. Maximum Air Requirement: Approximately 7 cu. ft./min. at one pound per square inch pressure. Maximum Gas Consumption: 40 c.f.h. 1050 b.t.u. natural gas. Connections: Air — %", Gas — %". Bench Space: 20" x 24". Net Weight — approximately 120 pounds. Shipping Weight — approximately 150 pounds. Shipping Measure for Export — 24" x 24" x 22". No. 12-C Melter equipped with crucible supports, crucible and banded top cover with handle. PAGE 118 Regular Mellers No. 2 Regular Melter A.G.F. Regular Melters are principally used by jewelry manufacturers for melting gold and silver ; however, they are also ideally suited for making small melts of copper, brass, alum- inum, etc. The Model No. 2 has a maximum recommen- ded operating temper- ature of approximately 2200°F. The standard Model No. 3 and No. 4 Regular Melters achieve operating temperatures of approximately 2700°F. The Model No. 3 can be equipped with a high temperature refractory lining for temperatures up to approximately 2900°F. The No. 2 Regular Melter is mounted into a working table 22" wide x 29" long. Models No. 3 and 4 have tables with a working space approximately 20" x 20". CONSTRUCTION FEATURES INCLUDE: High quality hard burned fireclay lining consists of four easily removable sections — cover, upper cylinder, lower cylinder and crucible support. Circular manifold has three burner tips equally spaced apart and firing tangentially into the heating chamber to assure uniform heating of the crucible. Single valve ratio set permits one valve regula- tion of heat input and pro- vides superior control of combustion. A drip crucible is provided underneath the melter to- gether with a suitable draw- out hole in the bottom of the heating chamber to contain molten metals in event of crucible breakage or spillage. See tabulation of sizes on following page. az uj GO > o o No. 3 Regular Melter PAGE 1 19 5 O Regular Melter Models Regular Black Lead Crucible Number Capacity in lbs. (Troy) of Gold KFull Gas 1050 B.T.U. Maximum Cubic Ft. Per Hour Air cu. ft. per min. at 16 oz. Pressure Size of Chamber Melter No. Dia. Depth 2 3 4 4 17 8 37 10 55 63 150 175 10 25 29 6" 7" 7W' 10%" No. 3 Regular Melter arranged for Determination of the Fusibility of Coal Ash. With observation Tube, Therm- ocouple Hole and a Set of Older Style Crucibles (For latest style crucibles, see dia- gram below) The No. 3 Regular Melter with high temperature lining as previously de- scribed, but without drip crucible is also supplied as illustrated for deter- mining the fusibility of coal ash— see A. S.T.M. De- signation D271-42, also Bureau of Mines Bulletin No. 129. Temperatures up to 3000°F. can be obtained. It can when so desired, be supplied with a Sillimanite lining for longer life at maximum temperatures. " ' The upper cylinder has two holes, an observation hole 2" in diameter with its center 4" from the top of the cylinder and a 1" thermocouple hole 90° to the right, bottoms of the two holes being in the same horizontal plane. The observation hole is equipped with a Sillimanite tube, brass sleeve and glass window. Corundite crucibles are supplied as shown in the pic- ture, or in accordance with the cross sectional diagram shown below, the latter being a slightly simpler and preferable setup. Accessories can be obtained from the Scientific Supply houses. PAGE 120 CO OC II OC l±J to >, UJ > o o Large Regular Melters /"\UR Regular Melters are ^S used principally for melting gold and silver in black lead crucibles. Three burners fire tangentially to prevent flame impingement on the crucible. All parts are readily detachable and easily replaced. The crucible support assembly is held in place by a support bar which can be quickly knocked out to drop the entire bottom and contents in event of crucible breakage. The Nos. 41/2, 5, 7 and 9 Regular Melters have a swing lifting device for raising and moving to one side the heavy top refractory brick for access to the crucible. 1- s No. 41/2 Regular Melter arranged with table. These Melters are regularly designed for temperatures up to 2500°F. All of these Melters are supplied with our single valve ratio set, thus providing proper combustion throughout the entire op- erating range. Refining Melter The No. 4V2 Regular Melter is known as a No. 4 l /z Refining Melter when it is supplied with a drip crucible. Longer legs, and a bottom arrangement similar to that used in the No. 3 are used in this case. Regular Black Lead Crucible Number Capacity in lbs. (Troy) of Gold 3* Full Gas 1050 B.T.U. Maximum Cubic Ft. Per Hour Air cu. ft per min. at 16 oz. Pressure Size of Chamber Melter No, Dia. Depth 41/2 5 7 9 16 20 40 100 78 112 212 462 175 250 460 643 29 41 *107 9" ioy 2 " 12 w 15%" 11" 11 W' 143/4" 173/ 4 " *Air blast at 24 oz. of « page 121 q: o High Heat Melter No. 410 High Heat Melter with Single Valve Ratio Set. The No, 410 High Heat Melter is designed for high temperature operation and is ideally suited for experimental melting of such materials as copper, brass, nickel, steel, glass, etc. This gas- fired melter can readily achieve temperatures of 2800°F, oper- ating with gas and air at 1% pounds per square inch pressure. Temperatures in excess of 3000°F. can be achieved by equipping the melter with a special oxygen injection feature. High efficiency lining consists of an inner cylinder of super heavy-duty refractory backed with an outer cylinder of high grade insulating refractory to give long life under severe operating conditions. Swing lift type mechanism is provided for the cover to easily raise it and swing it to either side. Four alloy burners, equally spaced apart, fire tangentially into the heating chamber through super refractory burner tunnels, thus assuring uniform and efficient heating, with quiet operation. A drip crucible is provided underneath the melter with a suitable drain-out hole in the chamber. Size of Chamber 'I U Lin ing H CO c c 8Z u oU >. £ o © u dk is £2 0) £ b X a a oz Sit c Xiju Is *8 2u < 2* 410 9V 2 " 12" 10 32" 1" 2%" 275 46 PAGE 122 Melters No. 3 Brass Melter with Single Valve Ratio Set. GO °= to * GO > O O 5 A.G.F. Brass Melters are suitable for melting all types of non-ferrous metals including bronze, copper, copper alloys, silver, gold, aluminum, etc. at operating temperatures up to approximately 2300°F. The lining is of high quality, hard burned refractory. Lining consists of five easily removable components — vent cover, top cover, chamber, cylinder, crucible supports and bottom brick. Burners fire tangentially to prevent flame impingement on the crucible. They are located well above the bottom so that in case of crucible breakage they are not clogged. A bottom outlet which also serves as a lighting hole is also provided for drainage in case of crucible failure. The main cover, which is easily removed with the cover lifting mechanism, has a large hole for charging as melting progresses. It is closed by a small cover with a vent hole. With these melters, the first heat is obtained in one hour and 30 minutes, the second in one hour and 20 minutes, and the third and subsequent heats in one hour or less. Gas consumption for the first heat, provided the melter is in good condition, is at the rate of 6 cubic feet per pound; for the second heat, 5 cubic feet per pound, and for the third and subsequent heats, 4 cubic feet per pound. GO GO l±J CC 0_ (J Gas Size of Brass Black ( 'upacit y 1050 B.T.U. Air cu. ft. Chamber Melter I xad in lbs. Maximum per min. at No. Crucible of Brass Cubic Ft, 16 02. Number KFull per Hour Pressure Dia. Depth 1 25 70 225 37 133/4" nw 2 40 120 250 41 14" 3 50 150 375 62 i4V 2 " IS*/*" 4 60 180 502 *83 15" 18" 5 80 240 550 *92 16 V 2 " 21%" 19" 6 200 500 800 *133 23" *Air blast at 24 oz. uj ui z to oc . a > e « PAGE 123 No. 375 Aluminum Melter with Single Valve Ratio Set. Aluminum Melters (Pot Type) Aluminum Melters are designed for rapid and efficient melting of non- ferrous metals at temperatures up to 1400°F. All models are supplied with standard cast iron pots for ladling out operation. Model No. 375- AD has a bottom draw-off pot with an external shut-off cock. High efficiency lining comprises \ l /z' insulating refractory backed with 2" of block insulation. This type of lining construction insures fast heating and economical operation. Heavy sheet steel furnace body is ruggedly constructed for long life. Heavy wall cast iron pot gives long operating life. Tangential firing. Multiple burners of alloy— four on Model No. 375 and eight on Model No. 372 fire tangentially into the heating chamber, thus assuring uniform heating. Single valve ratio set provides one valve control of heat input and combustion. Approx. 3 c Size of E Lining f— Pot u 3 cc - £1 3 >>< Bn° si 1- *4 34, u 60 >> c c 3 JJ 3 u <1 g ca 5 a V 3° a® x"o .2Pa £8 si p. u CO 3 Id <0 si 2* t375A 17" 17 W 300* 32" 4V 2 " 2" 200 33 372A 24" 18" 500* 36 y 2 " 4V 2 " 2" 450 75 *Filled to within 2" of the top. fWhen supplied with bottom draw -off Pot known as No. 375- AD. PAGE 124 Soft Metal Melters No, 371 Soft Metal Melter A.G.F. Soft Metal Melters are ideally suited for the melting of tin, lead, babbitt, etc. at temperatures up to 1000°F. All models are gas fired; however, the No. 372 can be furnished for oil firing. All standard models listed below are supplied with regu- lar cast iron pots for ladling out operation. Models 371 -A and 372 -B are equipped with bottom draw -off pots with internal shut -off valves. CONSTRUCTION FEATURES INCLUDE: High quality insulating refractory lining permits fast heating and economical operation. Heavy wall cast iron pot is supplied to give long operating life. Models No. 370 and 371 are equipped with a bottom burner which produces a tangential flame to uniformly heat the pot. The No. 372 is equipped with four alloy burners equally spaced apart, firing tangentially into the chamber to produce uniform heating of the pot and contents. Single valve ratio set provides one valve control of heat input and combustion. Pot Type Size of Pot 0*0 'S-J S ."0 9-* rt CO W UCLJ ■si II c Maximum Gas Consumption 1050 B.T.U. Natural Gas Cu. Ft./Hr. 3 CO tit a* 4 4- 3 N 2U Supply Connections si js2 "2 CO c 08 E? 3 * t! co &6 u £ CO 5 a u Q < to CO 120 V 10%" 8 3/ 4 " 160 341/4" 2i/ 2 " 85 13 1" 1/2" 370 V V 11 w 10%" 335 34y 2 " 2V2" 88 14 1" 1/2" 371 17" 12 %" 835 34" 2V2" 112 18 PA" %" 371 -A V 18%" 141/4" 1000 37i/ 2 " 21/2" 125 21 IV4" 3/4" 372 v| 24V 4 " 18" 2400 30" 41/2" 175 29 IV2" 1" 372-B V 26 yy I6V4" 2700 30" 4V 2 " 200 33 1%" IV4" CO DC DC uj to *= M > ™ 5 o o i CO CO UJ tr Q_ Ld si PAGE 125 cc CO r c c c : : [ : : QC LU CO * CO > ii "Super"' Blowpipes "On & Off" Blowpipes Large Blowpipes Open Flame Burners Machlet Tips Ribbon Burners Fish Tail Burners Hand Fires Glass Fires Cross Fires Oxygen Gas Burners Soft Metal Burners ! Using a Large Blowpipe for Brazing. ii O co cc 2 LU Ld ■ > of CO 5 o r c [ c [ : c [ r * [ : c : «1 CO °c u £ DC LU CO 3. "Super" Blowpipes '"PHESE blowpipes are supplied for manu- * factured gas, natural gas, mixed natural and manufactured gas, also the gases marketed in cylinders, such as propane and butane. Best results are obtained with air at 1 to 2 lbs./sq. in. and gas at 3" to 6" water column pressure. Air at high pressures may also be utilized by means of one of the high pressure air reducers shown on page 148. Anything between a soft, mild flame and an extremely sharp concentrated fire is obtainable. They are adapted for: (1) Laboratory work; (2) Soldering and braz- ing: (3) Automobile radiator repair work-? (4) Automobile body work; (5) General work in the electrical field; and (6) Local annealing and hardening. Hand Blowpipe->- •r. § Supply s %0 Maximum c Connections ■S "Q Size of Flame, a 2 \ Outside c <y U 3 « o CMlZ o Inches Diameter 3 °3 Q X uZ 2cQ > 3 <| CO . d 2« Inches 5%. SB'S, -co OX .IS £ a 5 C CO < 000 000N Vl6 4 2,625 .5 Vl 6 Vl6 11% 00 00N % 4 5,250 1.0 Vl6 Vl6 11 Va ON Vz 4 10,500 1.6 Vl6 5 /l6 11 J? IE 1EN % 6 18,900 3.0 Vl6 Vl6 11% 1 IN 3 /4 6 18,900 3.0 % 3 /8 14 2 2N 1% 2$ 9V 2 52,500 9.0 Vl6 Vl6 16 3 3N 15 115,500 19.0 l M« "/ifi 19 Each "Super 11 Blowpipe contains a built- in venturi mixer, which produces thorough mixing of the gas and air prior to com- bustion. They should not be confused with inferior ' 'nozzle-mixing" blowpipes, in which the gas and air are fed through concentric tubes and mixed at the nozzle, giving a ragged flame which has a narrow range of adjustment and cannot be brought into sharp focus. These blowpipes are supplied in two types — hand and stand as illustrated which produce exactly the same flame characteristics. The Tips used are not interchangeable from one type to the other. However, in each of the tyoes, the 000, 00, and IE tips of both the "N" and manufactured gas types, all fit into what is known as a No. frame. All other sizes are not interchangeable. Stand Blowpipe->- PAGE 127 Of 09 It On and OH" Blowpipe IN many soldering and brazing operations, the operator desires a specific type of flame at intervals only. On and Off Blow- pipes provide this instantaneous control with a spring-type valve for opening the gas and air simultaneously. When it is released, a small pilot flame continues to burn. These Blowpipes are made iri two size frames with levers, the No. and No. 2. The No. frame accommodates tips Nos. 000, 00, and 1-E of both the "N" and manufactured gas types as listed on Page 127. The No. frame is 7%" overall and has the gas and air tubes encased in suitable insulation. Hose Vi" I.D. should be used. The No. 2 frame is 12%" overall and it takes only the No. 2 and 2N heads with characteristics as listed on Page 127. Hose l / 2 " I.D. should be used. Note No valves for adjusting air and gas are included in this type of Blowpipe. It is therefore necessary for the user to provide valves or cocks at the other end of the hose line. The "On and Off" valve only turns air and gas completely on or off as its name implies, excepting the small gas pilot which may be adjusted by a screw under the body of the "On and Off' 1 valve. The "Super" Blowpipes on page 127 are equipped with cocks for adjustment of air and gas, but have not the "on and off" feature. When ordering this type specify "ON AND OFF" BLOWPIPE WITH LEVER. PAGE 128 : g UJ CO LU to m CO > UJ > O O Large Blowpipes Our large Blowpipes are designed especially for : 1. Brazing. 2. Preheating for welding. 3. Heating temporary furnaces built up of brick. 4. In shipyards for coppersmithing, heating pipe for flanging and bending, etc. 5. Miscellaneous applications such as crucible pre -heating, mold drying, hog singeing, and in general for any open flame application. Blow Approximate Size of Flame in Inches Max. Gas ( Ions. B.T.U. Per Hr. Based on 525 B.T.U. Mfd. Gas Max. Air cu. ft./ Min. at 16 oz. Supply Connections in Inches Length Blow- pipe pipe No. Dia. Length Air Gas in Inches *24 *35H 136 t37 o f37S §37-T t432-A §432-G ift 2 3 3 3 4 4 9 13 15 20 26 26 36 36 18,375 65,625 120,750 241,500 393,750 393,750 787,500 787,500 3 9 17 36 50 50 100 100 Vl6 A l 5 /l 6 1% 1% 1% % Vl6 7 /« lVl6 IVlS 1% V/f l 7 /8 14 16 24 37 37 36 36 36 ♦Brass frame with adapter. tRegular pipe frame and iron head. §Drawn Steel Venturi Tube and alloy head. They are of heavy construction to withstand rough usage. Mixing of the gas and air takes place well in back of the head so that there is ample opportunity for them to thoroughly mix before combustion takes place, thus insuring maximum efficiency. No 36 Stand Blowpipe These Blowpipes are furnished either with or without a stand and clamp as illustrated. In the larger sizes, Nos. 37T and 43 2G are pre- ferred for use as hand type because of their lighter weight. When used to heat temporary furnaces or when firing into a brick tunnel the head should be back at least V 2 " from the opening. Air at one to 2 pounds per square inch pressure is required for their operation. Where such air is not available, high pressure air may be utilized by means of equipment as per page 148. A variety of different styles of braz- ing tables employing these large Blowpipes can also be furnished. PAGE 129 2« Open Flame Burners Flame Retention Type TT is frequently desirable to manifold burner heads which will burn out in the open, and for this purpose we supply brass tips similar to our "Super 1 ' Blowpipe heads (see page 127) with a standard thread connection. A single valve ratio control set as described on pages 158 and 159 or at least a Venturi Mixer as described on pages 156 and 157 is required for furnishing an adequate supply of air and gas properly premixed if good results are to be obtained. Burner Physical Gas Cons. No. for Gas Cons. Flame Dimensions Burner B.T.U./Hr. Mixed B.T.U./Hr. Similar No. for 525 B.T.U. Natural 1050 B.T.U. to Manu- Gas; 8" or Gas, Opti- Blow- Overall Male Pipe factured Mixture Bottled mum Mixt. pipe No. Length Thread Gas Press. Gas Pressure Inches Conn. 879 1,820 879-N 2,625 000 2»/ 4 W' 871 4,340 871 -N 5,250 00 2Vi W' 657 7,560 657-N 10,500 n { A W' 626 14,560 626-N 18,900 1 23/4 y 8 " 622 34,160 622-N 52,500 2 244 %" 753 100,800 753-N 115,500 3 5V 8 3 4" ^Optimum — Highest operating capacity which gives ideal flame characteristics. fNo. 657-N Burner is 2%" long overall. High Capacity Open Flame Burners Burner tips for similar applications of cast "iron for greater capacity are supplied with a female thread connection. These heads correspond to those used on our large Blowpipes (see page 129) and burn satisfac- torily with natural, manufactured, mixed or bottled gas. Max. Gas Flame Size Cons. B.T.U./Hr. Inside Based on 570 B.T.U. Max. Air cu. ft./min. Dia. Skirt on Female Burner Pipe No. Dia. Length Mfd. Gas at 16 02. Head Connection *24 7 / 8 " 8" 33,000 5.5 13 /ie" w *24CA %" 5" 15,000 2.5 13 /l6" %" (Male) *35H 1V4" 13" 45,000 7.5 IVis" 3 /s" 36 2" 16" 80,000 13.5 2" 3 /4" 37 3" 20" 250,000 41.5 2W' 1$" 37S 3" 20" 410,000 68.0 2V 2 " 1V2" 37T H. R. Alloy Head 410,000 68.0 2V 2 " 2" 432A 4" 30" 530,000 88.0 3" 2" 432G H. R. Allc >y Head 530,000 88.0 3V 8 " 2%" *Made of either machine steel or alloy, as specified when ordering. PAGE 130 * 09 1 CO tt LU UJ E t 1 o £ CO 5 O O o < * A Soft, mild focusflame burners which are perfectly steady and capable of exact ad- justment. Machlet Tips 5 422 64A 63 62 61 377 *Max. Gas Cons. Max. Air Thread Std. B.T.U. Per Hr. Cu. Ft./ min. at 16 Con- nection Overall Length Spacing of Tips in Machlet Tip No. Mfd. Gas Natural Gas oz. Pipe Inches Manifold 525 B.T.U. 1050 B.T.U. Pressure Size Inches 422 15,750 4,000 .2 H 1% 2 64-A 4,200 2,250 .5 Vz i 1% f565 4,200 2,250 .5 V 8 (fern.) i 1% 1% 63 2,625 1,000 .35 % % 62 2,100 1,000 .3 % 3 /4 l 3 /s 61 1,575 750 .25 % % 1 377 1,050 500 .15 V* Vl6 1 *For mixed, bottled or other slow burning gases, calculate consumption from natural gas capacity above. Where desired, we can also supply a sleeve to fit over the tip which will double the gas consumption. fNot illustrated. Flame characteristics same as— 64-A. MACHLET TIPS (especially designed for use with air at 1 lb. per sq. in. and gas at line pressure) find numerous applications where temperatures below 1000°F. are required and where intensity and localization of the heat are undesirable. They are especially suitable for heating oil tempering pots, cleaning tanks, sand baths, tempering plates, Bakelite platens, rotary drums, and ovens of all kinds. Complete burners can be supplied with manifolds and Venturi Mixers or burner tips only can be furnished, in which case our Venturi Mixers per pages 156 and 157 should also be ordered if best results are to be obtained. Double row Machlet tip burners with two rows of tips on a single manifold (included angle 60 to 120 deg.) for more heat in a limited space without overheating. PAGE 131 UJ E Z (0 oc . qq >• DC CO Round Blast Tips THR.EM) Style "L" THREAP . Style "M" Dimensions Max. Gas Consumption Blast Style B.T.U. Per Hr. Tip No. 525 B.T.U. 1050 B.T.U. A B C n Mfd. Gas Nat. Gas 422ND M IVie" l W %" 23,625 15,000 422N K IVie" 1V2" y*" — 23,625 15,000 1542 L 7 / 8 " 1%" y 4 " 13 /ie" 18,375 9,000 1S42A L w 7 / 8 " %" Vie" 18,375 8,000 fl542D L %" 7s" V4" 22,000 14,000 565N M 13 /ie" 1V4" %" — 7,875 4,000 64AN K 13 /le" i" l / 2 " — 7,875 4,000 63DN K "V ¥ %" — 6,300 2,500 63N K »/}•" 3 / 8 " — 6,300 2,500 63DNA K 'Vie" y 2 " 3 / 8 " — 4,725 2,500 552N M Vie" i" Vie" -27 — 3,675 1,500 61N K 17 / 32 " %" — 3,675 1,500 377N L ,7 / 32 " Vie" w — 3,675 1,500 fBurner has No. 18 drill size center hole. T\ OUND Blast Tips are intended and designed for applications iX requiring a greater heat intensity than can be obtained with Machlet Tips. These burners are fabricated of heat-resistant alloy to give long life under severe operating conditions. Round Blast Tips are recommended for silver soldering, heating baths, pots, ovens, etc. ; or for other general heating applications requiring an intense, focusless flame. A.G.F. Air -Gas Venturi Mixers as described on page 156 should be employed to supply the air-gas mixture to the burners. Complete burner manifolds equipped with Round Blast Tips and Venturi Mixers, as illustrated on the preceding page can be supplied for your particular requirements. Page 132 CO * CO > si 3* ' Soft Flame Ribbon Burner in square manifold, single end feed. Ribbon Burners SOFT FLAME Characteristics: Soft flame Ribbon Burners produce an intense, even, focusless flame from a multitude of small outlets in the burner insert which is made from one piece bars and is of special construction. Application: They are especially adapted for bending glass tubing for neon signs, laboratory work, heating wire for swaging and drawing in the lamp industry, and preheating lamp bulbs for shaping. They can be supplied in practically any length and width, however standard width is Vie'- SHARP FLAME Characteristics: A thin, sharp, uniform, concentrated, knife- like flame is produced. Application: They are especially adapted for use on continuous equipment for the local heating of glass rods and tubing and for the local hardening, annealing or tempering of small areas on springs, rods, bolts, nuts, shafts, etc. They also find special application such as for heating the base sheet prior to its impregna- tion with grain for making roofing. SPECIAL These burners are also constructed in special design in lengths up to 12 and 24 feet for singeing felt materials, etc., and for heating calender rolls in the textile industry where the combustion space is extremely limited and high combustion capacity is essential. Write for details. PAGE 133 5 o Ribbon Burners SHARP FLAME BURNERS Cast fishtail manifold type are supplied in iy 4 '\ 4", 6", 8" and 12" lengths. Other special lengths are also available. They are especially adapted for use on continu- ous equipment for example, for heating the ends of glass rods for forming a ball on them and also for the continuous local annealing or tempering of small areas on springs and similar parts. Sharp flame 4" Ribbon Burner in cast fishtail manifold with Venturi mixer, cocks and base. Supplied in lengths up to 12". Capacity: — 15 CFH city gas per inch of burner. No. 636H sharp flame Ribbon Burner 2 Vz " flame for heating the teeth of hacksaw blades, etc. No. 410B Soft flame Ribbon Burner for preheating in the lamp industry and for making short bends in tubing. Flame slot is 1 V2" long x Vi" wide. SOFT FLAME BURNERS These burners in cast fishtail manifolds are available in 4", 6", 8" and 12" lengths. They give an intense uniform flame from end to end which is especially adapted for use in glass labora- tories and neon sign plants for making smooth bends in com- paratively small diameter tubing. "Stop-Offs" can be provided to give different flame lengths. Page 134 en OC § U DC 1U <n ez en > si Fish Tail Burners 81A 81B 81W 228 228F Flame Characteristics Maximum B.T.U. Capacity Per Hr. *15 c5"o Male Threaded 5 :"5 « :s Width Mfd, Gas Natural* Con- "w bJS £Z2 I :3 Max. Focal at 525 Gas 1050 nection w ffl £22 Lgth. Lgth. Focus B.T.U. B.T.U. 22S 228-NS 2" 14" Vz" 2,285 1,500 V 4 "-27 228-F 228-FNS 3" s" Vie" 2,285 1,100 V 4 "-27 81-A 81-ANS 2V 4 " %" 13 /ie" 6.820 3,050 y 8 " 81-B 81-BNS 4" %" Vie" 5,515 3,050 y 8 " 81-W 81-WNS 3%" i" 5 /s" 4,720 3,625 y 8 " 104 104-NS 2W' 1" IVie" 12,600 5,000 % 332 332 -NS 2J&" Vis" 1" 15,750 4,395 w* 420-C 420-CNS 2%" 7 / 8 " i ¥f 12,600 4,750 YC 420-D 420-DNS 2V 8 " 5 / 8 " ij!" 10,370 5,625 y 4 " §589-A §589-ANS i ft; 8" 2,675 1,940 y 4 "-27 §589-B §589-BNS 1 3 /*" IVs" v 2 " 3,915 2,100 y 8 " t775 1 %" 5 /s" JJ 1,830 955 y 4 "-27 f775-F v5" %" 1,170 670 y 4 "-27 *For mixed, bottled, or other slow burning gases, calculate consumption from natural gas capacity above. Specify type of gas when ordering. f775 and 775F (not illustrated) are 5 / 8 " overall height— otherwise respectively similar to 228 and 228F. §589A and 589B (not illustrated) have flame protected by alloy skirt Vi" high- otherwise similar to 228. FOR local hardening annealing and tempering, Fish Tail Burners are extensively used. In their simplest application a number of them are mounted in a straight manifold. Work such as screws, bolts, etc., may be placed on a suitable support so that heating occurs over the desired area only. For larger production requirements these burners are used in conjunction with a conveyor. If a straight chain conveyor is used the burners are mounted in a straight manifold and may fire either from below or above or both. If a rotor is used for conveying the burners may be mounted in a curved manifold. In Heating Machines of this type (see page 32) work may be fed, that is, pro- duction may be started without delay the moment the burners are lighted. These burners are supplied for use with manufactured, natural, mixed or bottled gases, and air at one to two pounds per square inch pressure. A Venturi Mixer is required for premixing the air and gas. PAGE 135 CQ > o Glass Fires INDIVIDUAL Glass Fires are an integral part of Cross Fires for ap- plication as de- scribed on page 137. They are also used for soldering cans in special mach- ines, for the heat- ing of glass rods for the manufac- ture of beads, Christmas tree ornaments, etc. 3222 3202 3182 3171 3151 3131 3114 Burner No. 3222 3202 3182 §525 3171 3151 3141 3131 3114 Ctr. Hie, Drill Size 70 60 55 55 52 49 47 44 33 Lgth. of Flame, In. 2%" sr 5" 5" 6%" 6%" 5V 4 " 4i/ 2 " 5" Gas Cons. Nat. Gas, B.T.U./Hr. 1,075 1,095 1,280 630 1,510 1,660 1,710 1,900 2,375 Approx. Max Air Req'd. C.F.M. at 16 oz. Pressure .2 .2 .25 .1 .3 .3 .3 .4 .45 All burners have Vg" male pipe thread conn. §May also be used with addition of oxygen to air or straight oxygen and gas preferably not opposed as in cross-fires. Any of these fires can be used with manufactured, mixed, natural, or bottled gas, especially when served by our improved Venturi Mixers. Air supply, preferably two pounds per square inch. Gas supply, line pressure. Higher pressures may be necessary because of small piping. Standard lengths are 1", having no suffix letter, 2" and 3^" with suffix letters "D" and "J", respectively. When burners with bendable copper insert (for lining up) are desired, they take a second suffix letter "C.* 1 For example a No. 3181 Burner 3 l / 4 " long with copper insert is called No. 3181 -JC. Insert burners are provided with a hexagon nut for ease in tightening up. PAGE 136 DC LU CO ■ CO > LU S O O Gross Fires Five Way Cross Fire complete with Sliding Bases, Venturi Mixer and Needle Valves. Air, Gas Cross Fires CROSS Fires are used on lamp and stem machines for making flares, shaping, sealing in, preheating, etc. They also find application for the heating of glass rods, for the manufacture of lenses, etc. Cross Fires are also used on a bench for manu- facturing chemical glassware, neon light signs, etc. These burners are supplied to use any gas at line pressure with air pressure per the preceding page. They may be supplied with from 2 to 8 burner tips on each side, using any of the Glass Fires shown on the preceding page. Oxygen -Gas Cross Fires For an extra concentration of heat on lamp and stem machines, we supply either oxygen- gas or oxygen-air-gas Cross Fire equipment. Our special heat-resisting alloy tips, as shown on page 141 , are employed and equipped with a ball joint for accurate adjustment of the direction of each individual flame. When using the combination oxygen-air-gas, where- in oxygen is approximately 10%, burner tips No. 525 as shown on page 136 may be employed. A Fire Check prevents burning back into the gas supply line in the event of flashback. CAUTION: In making up any oxygen-gas burner equipment, extreme care should be taken that there is no oil or grease inside of the fittings. In this way, flashbacks can be reduced to a minimum. a, > 5 O PAGE 137 Hand Torches A.G.F. Hand Torches are sturdily constructed of brass tubing to permit bending for adjustment of burner spacing and yet having sufficient strength to withstand shop usage. These opposed flame torches find many applications such as : 1. Sealing ampules. 2. Sealing off and welding on tubing for neon signs, labora- tory glassware, etc. 3. Soft soldering and brazing of tubing, round pieces, etc. For efficient operation, the use of a Venturi Mixer as described on pages 156 and 143 is recommended. Suitable rubber tubing can be furnished for connecting the Hand Torch and Venturi Mixer. *6*O.D. The No. 1258-A Hand Torch shown at left is normally supplied with a No. 3182 Glass Fire Tip as described on page 136. The No. 1258-A Hand Torch will accommodate any Vs" male threaded Glass Fires and Fishtail Burners as described on pages 136 and 135 or Oxygen-Gas Burners as described on pages 140 and 141. If a burner other than the No. 3182 is desired, please specify in the following manner; "No" 1258-A Hand Torch Frame complete with Burner No " The No. 412 -N Hand Torch shown at right is normally supplied with two No. 9-F Burners. The No. 412 Hand Torch Frame will accom- modate any l A"-27 male threaded Glass Fires, No. 775 and No. 77S-F Fishtail Burners, etc. or Oxygen -Gas Fishtail Burners and Tips as described on pages 140 and 141. If burners other than No. 9-F are desired, please specify in the following manner: "No. 412 Hand Torch Frame complete with Burners No " JVO.D. PAGE 138 CO cc cc in CO > O O O -I Hand Torches (Cont'd) The No. 659 -N Hand Torch shown at left is normally supplied with two No. 228 -NS Fishtail Burners as described on page 135. The No. 659 Hand Torch Frame will accommodate any ^"-27 male threaded Fishtail Burners, Glass Fires or Oxygen Gas Burners as described on pages 135, 136, 140 and 141. If burners other than the No. 228 -NS are desired, please specify in the following manner: "No. 659 Hand Torch Frame complete with Burners No " o — Hi'O.0. The No. 658 -N Hand Torch shown at right is normally supplied with two No. 81-ANS Fishtail Burners as described on page 135. The No. 658 Hand Torch Frame will accommodate any Vs" male threaded Fishtail Burn- ers, Glass Fires, or Oxygen Gas Burners as described on pages 135, 136, 140 and 141. If burners other than No. 81-ANS are desired, please specify in the following manner; "No. 658 Hand Torch Frame complete with Burners No. ., " The No. 1022-N Hand Torch shown at left is normally supplied with two No. 420 -CNS Fishtail Burners as described on page 135. The No. 1022 Hand Torch will accommodate any Vi" male threaded Fishtail Burners, Blast Tips, or No. 1081 -A Oxygen Gas Fishtail Burners. If burners other than the No. 420- CNS are desired, please specify in the following manner: No. 1022 Hand Torch Frame complete with Burners No " PAGE 139 5 o Oxygen-Gas Burners Oxygen Fishtail Burners A.G.F. Oxygen-Gas Fishtail Burners are manufactured of heat-resistant alloy or brass, chrome plated, to give long life under severe operating conditions. For efficient operation, a Venturi Mixer as described on page 143 should be employed. No. 1012 No. 15 No. 1253 No. 1081-A Flame Characteristics Piloted Type Center Male Thread Connec- tion B.T.U. Cap./Hr. 1050 B.T.U. Nat. Gas B Max. L'gth. Focal L'gth. Width at Focus Shape Holes No. No. Drill Size 15 15-D 1012 1012-F 1081-A 1253 1368 1621 1633 5" 2" 3y 2 " 5" 7" 5" 5" 5" 'if f« w w ¥ 1" ik" 2" Parallel Parallel Divergent Parallel Divergent Parallel Parallel Parallel Parallel No No Yes Yes Yes No No No No 5 5 4 5 9 10 15 22 27 #71 #80 #64 #71 #62 #70 #71 #71 #71 V 4 "-27 ;/ 4 "-27 V 4 "-27 V 4 "-27 |/ 4 ;;i. P .s. Vs'i.p.s. Vi"i.p.s. ^"i.p.s. y 4 "i.p.s. 4,200 1,155 6,300 3,675 12,780 5,250 7,555 11,000 13,550 Nozzle Mixing Burner No. 881 -A This burner is supplied especially for use with oxygen and hydrogen; however, in some cases, it is used with oxygen and manu- factured or natural gas. It produces a long, sharp flame, and the center tube is accurately located to give concentricity. Connections are %» pipe thread at the back for oxygen and in the side for gas Overall length 2%", max. dia. %". A fire check or mixer is not required. This is also made in a smaller size known as No. 932A which has compression fittings instead of pipe tap. Page 140 £ u QC UJ O £ CO * CO > si Oxygen -Gas Burners (Cont'd) YVfHERE the temperature and intensity of heat obtainable with air-gas burners is insufficient, oxygen -gas burners are used as, for example, in working Pyrex glass, for chemical glassware, radio tubes, etc., also for local flame hardening, welding copper wires, brazing metal tubes, etc. They are not intended for cutting. NOTE:— ALL OXYGEN-GAS BURNER EQUIPMENT OF OUR MANUFAC- TURE HAS BEEN APPROVED BY THE NEW YORK CITY BOARD OF STANDARDS AND APPEALS, CAL. NO. 391-43-SA. Oxygen -Gas Blowpipes A.G.F. No. 583 Oxygen-Gas Hand Blowpipes are equipped with needle — ." 1 1 — Tn rn valves and employ the venturi ~^r~ [ | u rm principle for proportionate pre- mixing of the oxygen and gas , "before it reaches the burner head. These features permit operation of A.G.F. Oxygen -Gas Blowpipes at higher velocities than the ordinary nozzle mixing type. Oxygen-Gas Hand Blowpipe No. 583, when equipped with a correctly sized adapter can be supplied with any of the Oxygen-Gas Tips or Oxygen-Gas Fishtail Burners as described on the following pages. These versatile Blowpipes can also be operated on air and gas when equipped with proper adapters and supplied with No. 0-N, 00-N, 000-N or 1-EN Air-Gas Blowpipe Heads or other low capacity Air-Gas Burner Tips as described on the preceding pages. When ordering, please specify the burner model number desired in the follow- ing manner: "No. 583 Oxygen-Gas Blowpipe Frame equipped with Burner No " Oxygen -Gas Tips + Especially designed to eliminate backfiring and "blow-offs. 1 ' Style P Styl eQ B.T.U./Hr, Oxvgen- Gas Center Length Thread Cap. at 12" w,c. Overall Hole Style Mat'l. mixture press. Flame Tip No. Drill Size (1050B.T.U.) (Nat. Gas) Length 8 70 P W' 1/4"— 27 Alloy 1,050 2V 2 " 8A 70 o w W>— 27 Alloy 1,050 3" 8D 68 P 1 6-32 Fern. Alloy 1,575 4" 8E 68 P 6-32 Fern. Alloy 2,100 5" 8G 68 P w 6-32 Fern. Alloy 1,890 5" 693D 55 P 2" Vs" Pipe Alloy 3,675 6V2" 814D 49 P 2" W Pipe Alloy 6,500 4V 2 " U42A 58 o 1 J4" V 8 " Pipe Brass 3,675 7" 1300A 55 Q 1V 4 " W' Pipe Brass 5,250 7" 1301A 49 o IV4" Vs" Pipe Brass 7,875 4V 2 " 1301B 31 IV4" W Pipe Brass 20,050 4«" fl301G 4-63 IV4" W Pipe Brass 7,875 5" 1635D 30 p 2" W Pipe Alloy 20,000 3V 2 " 4V 2 " 1636D 33 P 2" W Pipe Alloy 16,000 1637D 44 p 2" Vs" Pipe Alloy 9,925 4" 1638D 50 P 2" Vs" Pipe Alloy 6,300 5y 2 " fFor soldering and brazing applications. JSee also No. 525 Burner on page 136. o (CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE) PAGE 141 Oxygen-Gas Burners (Cont'd) Special Burner Inserts Air-gas or oxygen-gas Burner Inserts are specially designed for use in stem and head sealing machines as used by electric light bulb and electronic tube manu- facturers. These burner inserts are obtainable in various styles and dimensions, with various sizes and locations of drillings, depending upon the desired application for same. Burner Inserts are obtainable for use with air-gas, oxygen-gas, or combination oxygen-air-gas, in which case gas may be either manufactured or natural. Fire Checks No. 30 -FC Fire Check This Fire Check has been designed especially for use with individual burners and Hand Torches, etc. to prevent burning back into the gas supply line in the event of flashback. It is made from 7 / 8 " hex brass, is 2- 5 /is" in overall length and has V 8 " or 14" pipe thread connections at each end. The rated capacity of this Fire Check is 60 cubic feet of oxygen-gas mixture per hour. No. 75-FC Fire Check This Fire Check has been designed to withstand unusually severe condi- tions as would be present when using same with Cross Fires or individual burner installations. To withstand the severe op- erating conditions, the No. 75-FC Fire Check con- tains a special designed heat-resisting alloy center core. Overall length of Fire Check is 3 %", diameter 2", and has either 3 / 8 " or i/ 2 " pipe connections at each end. The rated capacity is 150 cubic feet of oxygen-gas mixture per hour. No. 300-FC Fire Check The No. 300-FC is similar in construction to the No. 75-FC. Overall length is 5Vi", diameter 2V 2 ", and has either %", 1" or iy 4 " pipe connections at each end. The rated capacity is 600 cubic feet of oxygen-gas mixture per hour. PAGE 142 to OC a w cc u o s LU S o o Oxygen-Gas Venturi Mixers § A.G.F. Oxygen-Gas Venturi Mixers have the same general physical characteristics and dimensions as A.G.F. Air-Gas Venturi Mixers described on pages 156 and 157. These mixers supply a consistently proportioned mixture of oxygen and gas to the burners to permit maximum and efficient operation. A.G.F. Oxygen-Gas Venturi Mixers and Oxygen-Gas Burners are rated for operation with oxygen'at 5 pounds per square inch pressure. Suitable needle valves can be supplied for fine ad- justment of oxygen -gas input settings. An A.G.F. Fire Check as described on page 142 should be installed between the Oxygen-Gas Venturi Mixer and the burners. When ordering specify "Oxygen -Gas Venturi Mixer complete with Fire Check. " Please specify the following information when ordering Oxygen - Gas Venturi Mixers : (a) The total amount and model number of Oxygen-Gas Burners to be supplied by each Venturi Mixer. (If burner model number is unknown, specify the amount of burn- ers, the amount and drill size of the center holes in each burner and whether or not the burners are of the piloted type.) (b) The type, b.t.u. value and pressure of gas to be used. (c) The oxygen pressure that will be available at the mixer. Caution In making up any oxygen-gas burner equipment, extreme care should be taken that there is no oil or grease inside of the fittings. In this way, back flashing can be reduced to a minimum. PAGE 143 oc « 5 o COMBINATION OXYGEN-AIR-GAS VENTURI MIXERS OXYGEN A.G.F, Combination Oxygen-Air-Gas Venturi Mixers are recommended for applications : (a) Not requiring the extreme heat and intensity of oxygen and gas. (b) To provide a lengthened focus of an oxygen-gas flame. (c) Where the heat produced by air and gas alone is insufficient. (d) To permit operation of air-gas burners at higher mixture pressures than are obtainable with air and gas only. By employing A.G.F. Combination Venturi Mixers and suitable air-gas burners, air and gas can be used for preheating and oxygen can be added for the final heating. Semi-needle valves are provided for controlling the air and gas. and a needle valve is provided for oxygen control. An A.G.F. Fire Check as described on page 142 should be installed between the Combination Venturi Mixer and the burners. When ordering specify: "Com- bination Venturi Mixer Style complete with Fire Check." A.G.F. Style OGA Combination Venturi Mixer is for use with piloted type oxygen-gas burners such as the Type tv K" Oxygen -Gas Tips and Piloted Type Fishtail Burners. A.G.F. Style AGO Combination Venturi Mixer is for use with air-gas burner equipment and can be supplied to admix oxygen up to approximately 10'; of the total mixture capacity of the burners. The following information must be specified along with the style that is desired when ordering Combination Venturi Mixers : (a) The amount and model number of oxygen -gas or air-gas burners to be supplied by each Venturi Mixer. If the burner model is unknown, specify whether the burner is air-gas or oxygen-gas type and specify the amount of burners as well as the amount and drill size of the center holes in each burner. (b) The type, b.t.u. value and pressure of gas to be used. (c) The air pressure that will be available at the mixer. (d) The oxygen pressure that is to be used. (Minimum recommended pressure is 5 lbs. per square inch.) Page 144 S UJ DC LU CO > o o Soft Metal Burners No. 34 Soft Metal Burner. Our Soft Metal Burners are well suited for use under oil tempering pots, varnish kettles, cauldrons, autoclaves, etc., where temperatures of 1000°F. or less are required. These burners have a wide range of turndown, which permits their operation at the maximum gas consumption given in the table below, or at a very much lower figure. The burner holes are drilled at a tangential angle so that the flame has a swirling action, which is a most desirable feature because it increases the life of the pot. The refractory ring and plug in the center of these burners becomes red hot, reflecting this heat upward against the pot and at the same time insuring complete combustion of the gas. The outer brick ring can be omitted entirely and a metal band substituted for it where it is desired to install these burners in a limited space. Soft Metal Burner No. Dia. of Flame Inches Dia. of Brick Ring Inches Height of Burner 1 nches Max. Gas Cons. B.T.U. Per Hr. Based on 1050B.T.U. Nat. Gas Max. Air Cu. Ft./Min. at 16 oz. Pressure Supply Connections Std. Pipe Thread Gas Air 34 34 ES 34 DES 7% 7% 7% 11 11 11 11 % 11% 11% 193,750 262,500 393,750 30 42 62 1 1V4 1 1% 1% PAGE 145 00 > 5 o Auxiliary Burner Equipment Hex Elbows Special machine-made hexagon brass elbows are employed for accurate adjustment and alignment and for convenience, inasmuch as a wrench can be used on them. Connections are for V 4 " pipe thread inlet and Vs" pipe thread outlet. Manifolds Manifolds are designed for maximum efficiency, being of cast bronze with a tapered canal to insure uniform feeding and the same size of flame and concentration of the heat on the focal point from each burner. Connections on top for hex elbows are Vi" pipe thread on 1 Vs" centers. For feeding, %" pipe thread con- nections are provided bottom and back, either of which may be used and the other plugged. Manifold radius — 5 1 Vis"- Supplied for 3, 4, 5, 6, or 8 tips. For two way fire, the center connection on three way manifold can be plugged. Sliding Bases Sliding bases as illustrated on our Cross Fires, to permit adjusting them vertically and horizontally, are supplied to accommodate a %" vertical pipe nipple and with 2 l / 2 " bolt and wing nut for attaching to the table. Hose and Hose Connections For Cross Fires, rubber hose V 2 " i.d. to fit over %" piping and. hose clamps are furnished. For Hand Torches, rubber tubing l / 4 " i.d. is supplied. Ball Joints © A No. 500 Ball Joint, Ball Vie" dia. with */ 8 " female thread, a socket with Vs" male thread and a lock nut. No. 700 Ball Joint is identical except that a screen is provided in the ball. B No. 650 Ball. Ball V 2 " dia. with screen and a Vie"— 27 male thread and a washer for clamping onto a suitable manifold. The No. 750 Ball is identical except that the ball is %" diameter. C No. 800 Ball is %" in diameter and has a Vi" female thread. D No. 1770A Burner is 1 1 / 8 " overall in length and has a %" diameter ball. The flame is equivalent to the No. 3182. A No. 800 Ball Joint, ball %" in diameter and has a Vi" female thread socket with Vi" male thread. Degree of tilt in any direction, 20 degrees. Page 146 CO > TYPICAL BURNER APPLICATIONS Fast, efficient operation without the use of scarce and expensive cylinder gases. Danger of over -heating is eliminated. § Special setups comprising various styles of heads all served by one mixer make it possible to braze numerous joints simul- taneously. Fish Tail Burner Heads speed up the job of soldering condensers. All joints are uniformly heated at one time. Small Fish Tail Burners, either mounted in mani- folds with a conveyor to carry the work past them, or arranged individually in a frame, concentrate the heat where it is required for speedy efficient brazing. Fish Tail Burners in manifolds are supplied for conveyorized brazing or soldering on a high production basis. Flame lengths to 6 ft. can be supplied. With Hand Torches using Fish Tail Burners, carbide tips can be brazed onto shanks, heat first being applied to the shank to preheat it thoroughly, surrounding the joint with soft, non-oxidizing flames to prevent scaling, before the final brazing operation is per- formed. PAGE 147 DC UJ o When Compressed Air Only is Available BLOWPIPES, burners and, in fact, all gas -fired industrial heating appliances are designed to use air at one to two pounds per square inch pressure with gas at 4" to 6" water column (2 to 3 ounces) per square inch pressure. If such a supply of low pressure air is not available, devices can be furnished to permit the use of compressed air if it is available. Of course, better results will be had using air furnished in volume at the correct pressure because such air is clean and dry and the expense of compressing it is avoided. Certain circumstances, however, make the use of compressed air expedient and in these cases selection should be made from the devices listed below. Where the air consumption is nominal, the combination shown in Figure 1 should be employed. It consists of an expansion chamber with a dead weight relief valve, trap for water and oil and drain cock. The needle valve on this device is set when the appliance in question is operating at maximum capacity so that the relief valve is just lifted off its seat. The trap is particularly desirable for the oper ation of Blowpipes and burners and where maximum temperatures are required because of the water and oil carried in air. T" Fig. 1 Air Pressure Reducer Max. Air 25 C. F. M. For larger appliances, where the consumption of air is greater, a more economical device as shown in Figure 2 should be employed which entrains approximately 80% atmospheric air, using only about 20% of compressed air. It can be connected directly to the Venturi Injector on the appliance, regulation being by means of the needle valve in the compressed air line. Where pressures in the compressed air line vary, a Pressure Regulator should be used to regulate the pressure to a point below the lowest fluctuation of the compressor. Fig. 2 Connections Capacity Cu. Ft. Per Min. H. P. Air Size. Inches Input Compressed Air 60 Lb./Sq. In. Output Air at 1 Lb./Sq. In. Mixer No. Inlet Outlet HI H2 H3 H4 H5 ft % Vi 1 1V4 2 2 4 6 11 22 10 20 30 55 110 PAGE 148 Uj UJ £E HI CO * CO > UJ > o o § Furnace Burners Burner Tunnels Zero Governors Venturi Mixers Single Valve Ratio Sets Installation DC £ UJ HI O L : : : : : : : i i r t y UJ CC Hi 55 > O O Sr 1 Furnace Burners and Equipment *E*OR those who wish to design and build their own furnaces we offer burners, burner tunnels and mixing equipment, as shown on the following pages. This equipment generally corresponds with that which we install on furnaces and heating machines manufactured complete by us and found to be most satisfactory through our many years of experience. That experience has taught us that numerous small burners, each of limited capacity, give more uniform heating and greater uniformity than can be obtained by heating the same furnace with a few larger burners. The furnace burners are of heat-resisting alloy to give long life with freedom from repairs and replacement such as may occur where cast iron burners are used because they oxidize and grow in service, not only changing input characteristics, but also interfering with the proper functioning of the mixing equipment. The mixing units, namely, our single valve ratio sets, have been carefully designed and manufactured to give one valve regulation with a turndown ratio of 6 to 1 without appreciable change in the ratio of air to gas, this being an unusually wide operating range. If burners, burner tunnels, and single valve ratio set or mixers are carefully selected and installed, excellent results will be obtained. Pages 160 and 161 have been included to assist you in making this selection. NOTE: When complete sets of furnace burners are selected, capacities chosen may fall into two different diameter burners. If specified by customer, smaller capacity burners can be supplied in the same physical size (diameter and length) as the larger capacity burners, thus standardizing burner tunnel sizes, piping, etc. PAGE 149 5 o Furnace Burners Type A r Single Center Hole— No Pilots *T*YPE A— Heat Resisting Alloy— For use only in melting furnaces and small cylindrical furnaces where the tangential firing of one burner tends to keep the next burner ignited, etc., etc., Recommended for operation at temperatures of 1350°F. or above. Type A Furnace Burners can be turned down to approximately 25% of maximum input without back firing, provided the burners are properly installed in combustion tunnels no larger in diameter than the outside of the burner and not less than 3" long. J Dimensions Max. Cap B.T.U./Hr. Burner No. Dia. Overall Male Pipe Thread 8" Manifold Length Pressure A-7-20 %" 2" w 25,000 A-7-22 %" 2" w 31,000 A-7-24 W 2" w 36,000 A-7-26 V*" 2" w 43,000 A-9-28 iy 8 " 2" w 50,000 A-9-30 iy 8 " 2" w 57,000 A-9-32 mr 2" w 65,000 A-9-34 iy 8 " 2" w 73,000 A-9-36 1H" 2" w 82,000 A-9-38 iy 8 " 2" w 91,000 A-ll-40 i%" IW 1" 101,000 A-ll-42 i%" 2y 2 " 1" 111,000 A-ll-44 i%" 2H" 1" 122,000 A-ll-46 i%" 2%" 1" 134,000 A- 11-48 i%" 2W 1" 145,000 A- 11 -50 i%" 2W 1" 157,000 A-ll-52 i%" %w 171,000 : PAGE 150 CO DC CC LU to * CO > Furnace Burners Type B Q ] Single Center Hole— Four Pilots T^YPE B — Heat Resisting Alloy —For use with high hydrogen, fast burning manufactured gases. Replaced by Type F Furnace Burners for slow burning natural gas, reformed natural gas, Butane or Propane as well as for better operational char- acteristics on manufactured gas. Type B Furnace Burners can be turned down to approximately 20% of their maximum input when burning manufactured gas without back firing, provided the burners are properly installed in combustion tunnels no larger in diameter than the outside of the burner and not less than 3" long. Dimensions Max. Cap. B.T.U./Hr. Burner Overall Male Pipe 8" Man. 6" Man. No. Dia. Length Thread Pressure Pressure B-7-45 7 /s" 2" J4" 9,000 8,000 B-7-35 7 /a" . 2" Jfc 10,000 9,000 B-7-10 7 /»" 2" v 2 " 13,000 11,000 B-7-12 7 /s" 2" y 2 " 16,000 14,000 B-7-14 %" 2" jfc 19,000 16,000 B-7-16 v% 2" v 2 " 23,000 20,000 B-7-18 7 / 8 " 2" y 2 // 27,000 23,000 B-7-20 w 2" w 32,000 28,000 B-7-22 w 2" y 2 " 37,000 32,000 B-7-24 7 / 8 " 2" y 2 " 43,000 37,000 B-9-26 1 Va" 2" jz» 50,000 43,000 B-9-28 iy 8 " 2" 4» 56,000 49,000 B-9-30 lVs" 2" y*" 64,000 55,000 B-9-32 l w 2" jr 72,000 62,000 B-9-34 lVs" 2" 3 /4" 80,000 69,000 B-9-36 1%" 2" %" 89,000 77,000 B- 11-38 l%" 2J4" 1" 98,000 85,000 B- 11-40 i%" 2%" 1" 108,000 94,000 B-ll-42 1 3 /r" 2w; 2W 2%" 1" 118,000 102,000 B-ll-44 1 %" 1" 129,000 112,000 B- 11-46 1%" 1" 140,000 121,000 B-ll-48 IW 2V 2 " 2V 2 " 2V 2 " 1" 152,000 132,000 B-ll-50 l%" 1" 165,000 143,000 B-ll-52 i%" 177,000 153,000 PAGE 151 Furnace Burners Type F Single Center Hole %" diameter size — 8 pilots iy 8 " diameter size— 10 pilots 1%" diameter size— 12 pilots T^YPE F — Heat Resisting Alloy— For use with manufactured, ■■■ reformed natural, natural, Propane or Butane gases. The Type F Furnace Burner is the most versatile of A.G.F. Furnace Burners. It lights readily and retains the flame without diffi- culty burning any type of gas. Type F Furnace Burners can be turned down to approximately 15% of their maximum input when burning natural and bottled gases and approximately 20% of maximum input when burning manufactured gas without back firing, provided the burners are properly installed in combustion tunnels no larger in diam- eter than the outside of the burner and not less than 3" long. Burner Center Hole Dimensions Max. Cap. B.T.U./hr. No. Drill Size Overal 1 Male Pipe 8" Man. 6" Man Dia. Length Thread Pressure Pressure F-7-50 50 7 /s" <*V' w 10,800 9,400 F-7-45 45 7 / 8 " 2" Vz" 11,300 9,800 F-7-35 35 7 / 8 " 2" y 2 " 12,600 10,900 F-7-10 V 32 " Vie" 7 / 8 " 2" W' 16,000 14,000 F-7-12 7 / 8 " 2" Vz" 18,900 - 16,500 F-7-14 7 / 32 " w 2" Vz" 22,500 19,600 F-7-16 l A" Vs" 2" Vz" 26,200 22,800 F-7-18 V 32 " V%" 2" Vz" 30,700 26,800 F-7-20 Vie" 7 / 8 " 2" Vz" 35,900 31,200 F-7-22 %" 7 / 8 " 2" Vz" 41,500 36,100 F-7-24 7 / 8 " 2" Vz" 47,800 41,500 F-9-26 13 / 32 " IVs" 2" w 57,200 49,700 F-9-28 Vie" lVs" 2" 3 A" 64,400 56,000 F-9-30 15 / 32 " w lVs" 2" W 71,900 62,500 F-9-32 i y 8 " 2" %" 81,200 70,600 F-9-34 17 / 32 " i y 8 " 2" w 90,000 78,200 F-9-36 Vie" iy 8 " 2" w 99,300 86,300 F- 11-38 19 / 32 " l 3 /s" 2%" 1" 111,600 97,100 F- 11-40 %" l 3 / 8 " 2V 2 " 1" 122,100 106,100 F- 11-42 21 / 32 " 1%" 2V 2 " 1" 134,300 116,800 F- 11-44 u 4f" l 3 /g" 2V 2 " 1" 146,900 127,700 F-ll-46 2 V 32 " w l 3 / 8 " 2V 2 " 1" 160,900 139,900 F-ll-48 1%" til" 1" 174,900 152,100 F-ll-50 2 V 32 " 1%" tW' 1" 188,500 163,900 F-ll-52 13 /ie" 1%" IW 202,900 176,100 PAGE 152 I s cc hi id S o r Furnace Burners Type G Four Center Holes iy 8 " diameter size 1%" diameter size -10 pilots -12 pilots TYPE O— Heat Resisting Alloy — For use with manufactured, reformed natural, natural, Propane or Butane gases. The Type G Furnace Burner replaces the five center hole Type C Furnace Burner previously supplied 1 . The Type G Furnace Burner has a shorter and bushier flame than the single center hole Type F Furnace Burner and is recommended for use where combustion space is limited. Type G Furnace Burners can be turned down to approximately 15% of their maximum input when burning the natural and bottled gases and approximately 18% of maximum input when burning manufactured gas without back firing, provided the burners are properly installed in combustion tunnels no larger in diameter than the outside of the burner and not less than 3" long. Center Hole Drill Size Dimensions Max. Cap. BT.U./hr. Burner No. Overall Male Pipe 8" Man. 6" Man. Dia. Length Thread Pressure Pressure G-7-50 50 f 2" V2" 14,400 12,500 G-7-45 45 2" V2" 16,200 14,100 G-7-43 43 Vs" 2" V2" 17,400 15,100 G-7-41 41 7 /s" 2" J?" 18,700 16,300 G-7-39 39 W' 2" %" 19,400 16,800 G-7-37 37 7 / 8 " 2" %" 20,200 17,600 G-7-35 35 7 /a 2" Vi" 21,500 18,700 G-7-33 33 2" y 2 " 22,200 19,300 G-7-31 31 W 2" y 2 " 23,700 20,600 G-7-30 30 7 /s" 2" v 2 " 25,900 22,500 G-7-9 W V*" 2" %" 29,000 25,200 G-9-10 5 /3z" 1 Vs" 2" 3 4" 37,100 32,300 G-9-11 1 V64" 1%" 2" 3 / 4 " 42,400 36,800 G-9-12 Vie" l%" v 3 /4" 48,000 41,700 G-9-13 13 /64" l%" 2" 3/ 4 " 54,200 47,200 G-ll-14 V32" 1 W l%" 2J4" 2V 2 " i" 65,600 57,100 G-ll-15 1%" 1" 73,000 63,500 G-ll-16 w i 3 /s" 2jJ" 1" 80,900 70,400 G-ll-17 l7 /64" 1%" 1%" 2V 2 " 1" 89,400 77,700 G-ll-18 9 / 32 " 2V 2 " 99,200 86,200 PAGE 153 Burner Tunnels FOR use with our furnace burners, super refractory burner tunnels are especially recommended as this material will withstand temperatures in excess of 3100°F. and consequently there is no difficulty with it softening up and thus partially closing the burner tunnel. Their life is extremely long. These tunnels can be installed simply and easily from outside of the furnace at nominal expense and they can also be replaced readily when and if this is necessary. The price is low and con- sequently it is more economical to use them than to ram up burner tunnels from a refractory material except where the burners are quite large in size. See page 160 for illustration of installation. No. 2281 Tunnel. Supplied only for use in small furnaces with thin walls. The inner end of the tunnel should be approximately flush with the inside of the furnace wall. No. 2288 Tunnel. For use with y 8 " O. D. burners. Most extensively used. The required size of hole can be reamed into the brick and the burner tunnel is then cemented in place with its inner end approximately flush with the inside of the furnace wall. For additional details on installation, see page 160. No. 2288A Tunnel. For use with 1 Va" O.D. burners. (See 2288 above) No. 2321 Tunnel wm^\ V///////////A \ m No. 2321 Tunnel. For use with %" O.D. burners. This burner tunnel is especially convenient where tunnels can be installed while bricking is in progress. No. 2321A. For use with 1 V 8 " O.D. burners (See 2321 above) No. 2431 — For %" O. D. burners. Similar to No. 2288, above, but 6" long and tapering from 3" to 2*4" O.D. No. 2431 A— For 1 Vs" O.D. burners. Other dimensions same as No. 2431. No. 2508 Tunnel. For use with 1 Vs" O.D. burners, 4^" sq. x 7" long. (Not illustrated) No. 2508A Tunnel. For use with l 3 /g" O.D. burners. Other dimensions same as No. 2508. An assembly comprising hard burned super refractory burner tunnel with sheet metal casing, outer cast iron housing for attaching to the furnace wall, and burner tip can also be supplied. Details upon request. PAGE 154 cc u CO > LU S u o Zero Governors T^HIS zero pressure valve cancels variations in the gas line pressure and reduces it to atmospheric, thus allowing the Venturi Mixer to entrain gas in constant ratio to the amount of air passing through. Our wide experience in the use and manu- facture of burner equipment has resulted in this sensitive but rugged governor, an important component of our Single Valve Ratio Set, which is described on page" 158. The valve is designed to deliver gas at atmospheric pressure (plus or minus .1" water column pressure) to the mixer and yet have a minimum leakage. (All governors of the "zero 11 type have a slight leakage and are not intended for use as shut -off valves). One zero governor may be used with two, three or even more Venturi Mixers, provided only that the distance between the zero governor and the mixers is kept to a minimum and does not exceed about 5' and that the line between them is of adequate size with a minimum number of bends. See page 161. They are designed to operate satisfactorily with the gas supply at a pressure of 2" to 8" water column pressure. If the pressure is too high, the valve will tend to close, and the venturi mixer will be unable to entrain enough gas. a Capacity Dimension No. Pipe Size Cu. Ft. Gas/Hr. A B ZG1 3 /«" 125 934" 51/4" ZG2 3 4" 175 93/ 4 " 51/4" ZG3 3 /4" 300 9 3/ 4 " 51/4" ZG4 3 4" 400 934" 5V 4 " ZG5 l" 900 11 3/ 4 " 7" ZG6 l%" 1300 1134" 7" ZG7 iy 2 " 1800 ll3/ 4 " 7" NOTE : It is absolutely necessary to specify the kind of gas when ordering. Page 155 Venluri Mixers T^HESE Venturi Mixers are supplied to use air at from 12 ounces to 24 ounces per square inch pressure at the mixer with gas at 2" to 8" water column pressure, the air entraining the gas as it passes through the Venturi throat of the mixer. A gas booster is unnecessary unless pipe lines are undersize. Careful design and manufacture insures maximum operating efficiency, that is, maximum suction oh the gas, thorough mixing of the air and gas, and proportioning of the air and gas within limits. If, however, there is considerable variation in the gas line pressure, it will be reflected in the proportions of air and gas in the mixture going to the burners. These Venturi Mixers form an important part of our Single Valve Ratio Sets where the gas pressure is reduced to atmospheric by means of the Zero Governor, per the preceding page, thus giving with them the maximum operating range with one valve control. Style Y DIMENSIONS PIPE SIZE Venturi Mixer Style No. A B C Air Gas Outlet * D E F 11 2%" I 1 Vie" l Vie" Vs" Vs" W!, Y 12 3Vl6" 2H/32" IV32" i/ 4 " W %" Y 13 5V, fi " 3» s /ie" iy 8 " %" %" Z 14 Wf 5" l 1 Vie" Vz" Vz" Z 15 7%" 2V4" fl" 3/ 4 " 1V4" z 16 12V 4 " 9i W 2Vie" 1" 1" 1 w z 17 15Vie" 12Vi 6 " 3" 11/4" IV4" 2" z 18 18" 141 Vie" 3V 16 " iVi" w 2V2" z *This No. indicates the body size only. When ordering, select according to capacity from table on next page. PAGE 156 ug OC Ul CO * CO > si §2 Venturi Mixers Cont'd. On equipment where Single Valve Ratio Set is desired (see pages 158 and 159) and the burners are subdivided into two or more sections, one Venturi Mixer may be used on each section of burners with only one zero governor in the main gas line. The capacity figures are based on one cubic foot of air per 130 B.T.U.'s, which is slightly on the reducing side and are based on using air at the pressures indicated to deliver an air-gas mixture at a manifold pressure of 8" water column. Note: To find air capacity in cu. ft. per min., divide number below by 7800. Q Mixer No. GAS CAPACITY IN B.T.U. PER HR. at Various Air Pressures at Mixer Body No. Injec- tor No 12 oz. 16 oz. / Eauiv. \ B.T.U. 1 C.F.H. 1 \Nat. Gas / 20 oz. 24 oz. 11—69 11—63 11—55 11—51 11—45 700 1,050 2,200 3,700 5,300 .7 1 2 3.5 5 800 1,260 2,460 4,100 5,930 900 1,580 2,680 4,500 6,470 *12— 42 *12— 37 12—33 12—31 6,800 9,000 10,600 12,000 6.5 9 10 11.5 7,600 10,000 11,900 13,440 8,300 11,000 13,000 14,650 13— 8 13—10 13—12 11,200 17,700 25,500 13,000 20,500 29,500 12 20 28 14,500 23,000 32,800 15,900 24,900 36,000 *14— 14 *14— 16 *14— 18 14—20 34,700 45,200 57,300 70,600 40,000 52,200 " 66,000 81,500 38 51 63 77 44,700 58,300 73,800 91,100 48,900 63,900 80,900 99,800 *15— 22 *15— 24 15—26 15—28 85,400 102,000 119,200 138,600 98,500 117,500 137,600 160,000 94 112 130 152 110,100 131,200 153,800 178,800 120,600 143,700 168,500 195,900 *16— 30 16—32 16—34 16—36 159,100 180,800 204,100 229,100 183,600 208,700 235,600 264,400 175 198 224 251 205,200 233,300 263,400 295,500 224,800 255,600 288,500 323,800 *17— 38 *17— 40 17—42 17—44 17—46 255,300 282,800 311,900 342,100 373,400 294,600 326,400 360,000 394,800 430,900 280 310 342 375 409 329,300 364,900 402,400 441,300 481,700 360,800 399,700 440,900 483,500 527,700 •18 48 *18— 52 1 —56 18—60 18—64 406,600 477,800 554,600 635,700 723,500 469,200 551,400 640,000 733,600 834,900 446 524 608 697 793 524,500 616,400 715,500 820,100 933,400 574,600 675,300 783,800 898,500 1,022,500 *Same injecto r capacity als o supplied with next sma ller number body. PAGE 157 r Single Valve Ratio Sets >. T^HESE sets comprise a Venturi Mixer as described on pages 156 & 157, a zero governor as described on page 155, with the necessary fittings and cocks, all sized according to the number and size of burners on the appliance where it is to be used. They give one valve adjustment of the gas and air input over an unusually wide operating range with advantages as follows : 1. Assurance of the same furnace atmosphere at all times. 2. Higher efficiency. 3. Greater ease in hand regulation of the temperature. 4. Ease of adjustment to meet various furnace atmosphere requirements and maintenance of such atmosphere over the operating range. 5. Readily installed either on new or existing equipment and inexpensive to maintain. Adjustment of the air to gas ratio is by means of the ratio cock (or valve when used with bottled gas) when equipment is first placed in operation. Unless the ratio of air to gas is to be altered frequently, we recommend removal of the handle of this cock after adjustment has been made. Where automatic temper- ature control is employed, a control valve in the air line only is required, thus simplifying this feature. Any possibility of incor- rectly opening or closing the air or gas ports (both necessary with two valve control) relative to each other is avoided. Air and Gas Mixture from Venturi is piped to burners. AIR-GAS MIXTURE TO BURNERS VENTURI MIXER £ LIMITING ORIFICE GAS VALVE L ZERO GAS GOVERNOR VENT IN PLUG MUST BE LEFT OPEN TO THE ATMOSPHERE GAS CONNECTION -J Page 158 Single Valve Ratio Sets u C "3 C OU I. . CO HE '7 ° -£ D 3 < 2 - = < <1 -JLJ < 21 to 4) C3 efl 2^ U GO . 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Zoo -w _*/+■> U*3 O « w 5 : § Page 159 5: o Burner and S.V.R. Set & Installation T^HE following should prove helpful in selecting suitable -"■ burners, tunnels and Single Valve Ratio Sets; however, it is not intended as a treatise on this subject. 1 . Establish Holding Consumption from chart below : Kind of Lining HOLDING GAS CONSUMPTION IN B.T.U./SQ. FT./HR. FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF FURNACE WALLS AT VARIOUS TEMP'S. 1G00°F. 1500°F, 1700°F. 2300°F. 4V Z " Fire Brick 1320 2750 3550 8000 4 W Fire Brick 2 V 2 " Silocel 315 730 930 2050 4V^" Insulating Refractory 330 790 1070 2500 4V 2 " Ins. Ref. 2 V2" Block Ins. 170 365 445 1080 4V 2 " Ins. Ref. 41/2" Block Ins. 250 310 720 Note: The figures in the table above take into consideration the "Available Heat' 1 in gas at various temperatures i.e. allowing for the heat loss in the flue gases. Factors used were as follows: 70% available at 1000°F., 60', at 1500°., 56% at 1700°F" and 42% at 2300°F. The outside furnace area in square feet times the above figure corresponding closest to your conditions plus an estimated figure for door losses etc., gives the holding gas consumption in B.T.U. per hour. To select burners and mixing equipment, the maximum is usually fixed at three to four times the holding consumption. Using this figure, the number and sizes of burners may be determined from the data on pages 150-153. Typical illustration of burner setting in furnace wall. Machlet furnace cement— see page 174 — should be used around the burner at the coupling before it is positioned. A sealing sleeve held in by the burner coupling is used to hold the cement luting in place. Burner well should be open and of sufficient diameter for installing the burner tunnel. By allowing it to remain open, overheating of the burner is prevented. A union elbow in back of the burner facilitates installation . PAGE 160 CO oc DC Ul CO * M > o o Burner and S.V.R. Set Selection and Installation 2. TO ESTABLISH SIZE AND NUMBER OF BURNERS Locate burners on 5" to 6" centers on small furnaces up to one foot centers on large furnaces firing from both sides of the furnace and staggered, end burners to be close to the end walls and stronger to compensate for radiation losses. Subdivide burners into suitable sections for manifolding and providing Single Valve Ratio Sets. 3. SELECTION OF SINGLE VALVE RATIO SETS In selecting S. V. R. Set, use maximum B. T. U. figures for both burners and S.V.R. Sets as given in preceding tabulations. If to be arranged as shown in the illustration below the Venturi Mixers should be selected according to the maximum gas consumption of each section^of burners and the zero governor according to the maximum consumption for the entire furnace. TUNNELS The correct tunnel for the burner selected will be obvious from the data on page 154. Under special circumstances, tunnels should be rammed up from a suitable refractory using a mandrel of the proper diameter. VENTS Allow 1 square inch of vent per 30,000 B.T.U.'s maximum input. OBSERVATION AND LIGHTING HOLES These should be conveniently located to serve their purpose and provided with suitable plugs or closures. § AIR-GAS MIXTURE TO BURNER MANIFOLDS j y j ZERO GAS GOVERNOR Typical piping diagram for furnace with burners in three sections. Two valves are provided in the gas line to each mixer, one for establishing the air-gas ratio which should be positioned and not changed thereafter. The A prime and S prime valves may be used for shutting off their respective burner sections if this is desired for any reason. The A prime valves may also be used for establishing the input to each section. PAGE 161 o L : : : cc UJ 55 > o o ; Spencer Turbo-Compressors with Direct Drive Spencer Turbo -Compressors with V-Belt Drive Blower with Universal Motor for Small Appliances. Air Pressure Reducers o J CC UJ O O Spencer Turbo- Com- pressors [TTz — N /^^ ^xSv' ^Wy INT AH E END ■ NA ft fi v\ ^ ^ yl l 4 N ^ ~J^ _^v,^r \4 I The No. 2 outlet is regarded as standard for our requirements, however, outlets Nos. 1, 3 or 4 can be furnished where desired. Positions apply only when facing intake end. FOR maximum flexibility, that is, maximum gas input range in operating furnaces, the air supply pressure should be one pound or more at the furnace. This means that when line losses are allowed for, the blower should furnish air at 1% pounds per square inch pressure or more. The necessary volume must, in any event, be available for the furnace or furnaces which the blower is to supply. Large numbers of Spencer installations have proven their dependability. Tabulation below is only a partial listing of available sizes. 3500 R.P.M. TURBO-COMPRESSORS PRESSURE— OZ. PER SQ. IN. HP. 16 20 24 32 Cat. No. Vol. cfm. Cat. No. Vol. cfm. Cat. No. Vol, cfm. Cat. No. Vol. cfm. 1 2 3 5 7V2 1001 iooi y 2 1002 1 1003 1 1005 i 1007-H 110 160 275 400 675 1075 1201 1201 y 2 1202 1203 1205 1207-H 85 120 185 350 550 825 1501 Vz 1502 1503 1505 1507-H 75 165 270 450 700 2002 2003 2005 2007-H 100 180 325 470 A. C. machines 1 HP and larger are furnished with suitable hand starting device. D. C. machines are furnished with hand starting rheostat. A sleeve for connecting machine to the supply line and a pair of base pads are furnished as standard equipment. PAGE 163 V-Belt Drive Spencer Turbo-Compressors HPHESE units are recommended for continuous duty inasmuch as with the V-belt drive, 3500 r.p.m. motors can be employed to drive the turbine at 7000 r.p.m., thus obtaining the high peripheral speed necessary to deliver air at pressures up to 40 ounces and thereby give a wider operating temperature range on many furnace jobs. The turbines on the small sizes are only 9" in diameter; on the larger sizes, 12" in diameter. V-BELT DRIVE TURBO-COMPRESSORS Unit No. HP C.F.M. Pressure Oz./Sq. In. Length Inches Height I nches Width Inches B- 50-12 B- 75-12 B-100-12 i 50 75 100 12 12 12 19 y 8 23 1/4 227/ 8 12 15 7/ g 15% 93/4 13 13 B- 50-16 B-100-16 B- 80-20 i 3/ < 1 50 100 80 16 16 20 22* 241/4 15% 15 J{ 15T/J 13 13 13 B- 70-24 B- 50-32 B- 25-40 1 1% 2 70 50 25 24 32 40 32 3/ 4 32 31 19 19 19 16 Vt 16$ 171/4 Spencer B-80-20 Turbo Compressor PAGE 164 O s Spencer Turbo-Compressors OPENCER Midget Compressors are supplied with a universal ^ motor for 110 volt a.c. or d.c. current only. These compres- sors are not suitable for continuous duty; however, are entirely satisfactory for applications such as occasional operation of laboratory burners, melters, etc. Spencer-Midget Compressors are built on the same principle as the larger Spencer Turbo Compressors of the direct con- nected type; however, the high speed universal motors require frequent inspection and brush replacement for satisfactory performance. SPENCER MIDGET TURBO-COMPRESSORS PRESSURE— OZ. PER SQ. IN. CL 12 16 20 24 32 I Cat. No. Vol. cfm. Cat. No. Vol. cfm. Cat. No, Vol. cfm. Cat. No. Vol. cfm. Cat. No. Vol. cfm. 1 1*2 075 VfeU 65 100V 2 U 1003/ 4 U lOOlU 40 55 75 i2oy 2 u 1203/4U noiu 35 45 65 150V 2 U 1503/ 4 U 1501U 25 35 50 2001 U 2001 y 2 u 35 50 Spencer Gas Boosters are available in various capacities. Write for Bulletin 903. PAGE 165 When Compressed Air Only is Available T3LOWPIPES, burners and, in fact, all gas-fired industrial *-* heating appliances are designed to use air at one to two pounds per square inch pressure with gas at 4" to 6" water column (2 to 3 ounces) per square inch pressure. If such a supply of low pressure air is not available, devices can be furnished to permit the use of compressed air if it is available. Of course, better results will be had using air furnished in volume at the correct pressure because such air is clean and dry and the expense of compressing it is avoided. Certain circumstances, however, make the use of compressed air expedient and in these cases selection should be made from the devices listed below. Where the air consumption is nominal, the combination shown in Figure 1 should be employed. It consists of an expansion cham- ber with a dead weight relief valve, trap for water and oil and drain cock. The needle valve on this device is set when the appliance in question is operating at maximum capacity so that the relief valve is just lifted off its seat. The trap is particularly desirable for the operation of Blowpipes and burners and where maximum temperatures are required because of the water and oil carried in air. For larger appliances, where the consumption of air is greater, a more economical device as shown in Figure 2 should be employed which entrains approximately 80% atmospheric air, using only about 20% of compressed air. It can be connected directly to the Venturi Injector on the appliance, regulation being by means of the needle valve in the com- pressed air line. Where pressures in the compressed air line vary, a Pressure Regulator should be used to regulate the pressure to a point below the lowest fluctuation of the compressor. Fig. 1 Air Pressure Reducer Max. Air 25 C. F. M. ~u h : ■fcu«NE*£S 11 Fig. 2 Connections Capacity Cu. Ft. Per Min. H. P. Air Mixer No. Size, Inches Input Compressed Air 60 Lb./Sq. In. Inlet Outlet Output Air at 1 Lb./Sq. In. HI H2 H3 H4 H5 Vs % y 2 3 A l 2 2 4 6 11 22 10 20 M) 55 110 PAGE 166 Uj UJ CC hi CO > UJ > Atmosphere Gas Mixing Cabinet Q Flow Meters Small Pyrometers Automatic Temperature Controls Regulating Valves Machlet Furnace Cement Pressure Gauges Lighting Torches Cocks & Valves fc> Furnace Atmosphere Gas Mixer s r 1 ^HIS unit achieves one pur- pose only, namely the pre- mixing of gases in definite vol- ume and proportion for use as a retort or muffle atmosphere for a specific heat treatment. Both gases should be at low pressures, namely, not exceed- ing one pound per square inch. It is used especially for pre- mixing air and propane or man- ufactured gas and propane for carburizing, or for premixing ammonia and propane for "Ni- Carbing." The unit comprises two or three Flow Meters with check valves and a Venturi Mixer in a cabinet with glass panel, also control valves, and is mounted on a stand at a convenient height for easy reading. These units are usually made up to suit particular applications. However, in general, it may be said that they have capacities up to 600 cubic feet per hour of mixed gases. PAGE 167 Flow Meters Pat. 1,899,764 and 2,311,375 'T'HESE Flow Meters are especially intended for measuring the flow of air and gases of all kinds to obtain control of heat-treating operations and other industrial processes not heretofore possible. Among the many applications are the measurement of the flow of atmosphere gases of all kinds, in- cluding carburizing gases, ammonia flow in nitriding, hydrogen flow, and measurement of the flow of fuel gases, including city gas, natural gases, bottled gases such as butane and propane, and mixtures of gas and air. A float rises or falls in a Pyrex glass, calibrated, tapered tube, depending upon the flow of gas. The scale is direct reading in cubic feet per hour. Flow Meters permit duplication of settings at any time with uniformity of results and a saving in gas. Two or more are frequently used for proportioning the flow of different gases. These Flow Meters must be mounted vertically; however, the unique design of the frame permits exceedingly flexible piping arrangements. As regu- larly supplied, the inlet connection is at the bottom of the flow meter. The outlet may be either at the top or the bottom, and supply or take-off lines may be run vertically or horizontally. A'special type with the frame inverted may also be supplied, in which case the inlet is at the top of the Flow meter, and the outlet at either the top or bottom. With the exception of the 30X series, Flow Meters are calibrated for a pressure of 4" to 6" water column. The pressure drop in all A.G.F. Flow Meters with the exception of the 30X series varies from below 2" to 4" water column at full capacity. In the 30X series the pressure drop is 19" to 20" water column. Correction charts for other pressures are furnished, or, if desired, flow meters can be calibrated directly for other A. pressures at a small additional charge. 1 J ibx. In addition to the units listed on the following page, special Flow Meters can also be supplied for practically all other industrial gases. , DIMENSIONS OF FLOW METERS Body Size < Pi P e .. Connection "A") B c 3 / 8 " 23/4" ny 2 " 14Vis" l7 ,( C r a^ub-Ta ii|| Page 168 ta 2 s e Body Size (Pipe Con- nec- tion) ^C^M^(^ H W Z ^H CM rsro !rt ! x :x : © ; OO ,0 : « ;x ; X . aj . c .© . © . 30 CQ ■ p*r-t .<*» N .r** . (S . usus :© us !u> ; © ; a © H , fO XX ;X ;X •X ■ X • «PO Irs x :x : © : c_ usus !us us .us : us 1 USUS .us U) US . us , fa ad "T *T 'T <H usus !© US us ; © : ©h .ro XX ;X X X ■ •fs ; X ■ x ; g X r^r^ 'm vfi x : © : a ■"-»'"■: I 1 ' 1 1 a— — 0000 .00 X 00 . 00 '. ■ a^o TT T 1 H ^h T* '. usui :o us us : © ! .h w a < w ©h , fs XX ;X X x ■ X ■ x ■ c™ «n in ;<^ X x ; © ;©© 00 :© :o : © 'o© M) . SO 1 T ; 1 ! 1 1 1 i.'ii 3 us us .0 ©h ,r*S XX ;X ;X us x. US . X • S -xx X (S© X [HfO q © :©© « «« , fO ics X x : g X 22 : ° is © ; © ;©© 2: 00 .0 © . © .©© <b 11 I 1 : 1 1 1 ; 1 ; i 1 2 5 d USUS .0 Oh .CS XX ;X .us us X us . X • X <s© x ; h <*s 2 tu ed 1 77 7 ;« sC x : © ;©© u E X M ■ ■^ d ts. n, : ts .K (N. K 1 tN ' tvlN. h 2 111! usus .0 ©h .ro XX : X .0** . 1 0^ 1 u; X 1 us . X ■ m ; 6X0-9 12X-9 30X-9 u X ~ ~ £ CCjX 77 "7 .« ■sD x ; E <£ a : rsr* its 1(S r-i r* ; r>» !<SfS >>a X X £ . £ X X . X .XX (0 03 n 0. US US .*© Oh .<*) XX ;X !us :X US X us ; X ■ 1*3 ; X M© x ;hm Tf ;©© 1 ox op : 13 En 77 7 '.<*> X x : -* Tt ;*t :«* 1- ** : ■* :-*^ 00 .0 .0 c © . © .©© ^CX . X . * X x . X .XX CO usus :© Oh .m XX ;X :us ;X : u; X us : X ■ x ;h« • foro :v> ;rs ; X x : © :©© o^o^ .0*1 :o> : 3* cr- ; j- <j"C- SO usus .us .us . US us . us .'usus <c/> usus :© Oh . ro XX ;X ;us : ;X : US X us : X • ?S T4© X "HfO cao^ ".« '.n '. X x ; © : "st 1 . 1 o> . a» . 1 .a* , 1 1 i ! fS .(S ,rM . r^ r* . m . . us :© !us ; u; us \ © ; h . <*) X ;X .In. . ;X ; X x ■ rs ; X • ■ x ; ;«fo n !rt ! rtro ix :x : it h :tsK k :k : hshs :rs :ts : !us© "0 ; uso !us :© : .Hr*s XX us .y . X : H ; XX -X ■X ■ ;x ; 0© 00 OOOO OOOO ?- 3 w usus© OUSOUS us ©us us ©©(S© a USHHf*} 1 1 1 1 IfiNHH 1 1 1 1 H(SW«f 1 1 1 1 XXHfO c6 HHUSUS OOOUS ©uso© ^ rMr^US© ^^ US < Q : X ~ C 8 us u CO u; u fc : ' u T) <*- 1 u hC < c< page 169 Pyrometers No. 269-R Scale range— to 2000°F. Instrument — black enam- el finish, 7y 8 " by 6 I / 4 "- Scale length — 4". Scale divisions — 50°. Effective length of couple —1 ft. Thermocouple— Chromel- Alumel, 5' long. 1' of which is beaded and fitted with a heat-resisting alloy protection tube y g " o. d., balance of couple being insulated. No. 269 Scale— to 3000°F. Instrument — as above. Effective length of couple 6", 8" or 12". Protection tube— Supertite porcelain V2" o. d. Length of leads from in- strument to end of thermocouple tube 5'. Where the application does not warrant a high priced pyrometer or automatic temperature control, we supply the Model 269-B with Chromel-Alumel thermocouple or the No. 269 with Platinum-Rhodium couple, or, if a still lower priced instrument is required, the No. 301. These instruments are manufactured for us especially by the Weston Electrical Instrument Corporation. No. 301 Scale— to 2000°F. Instrument, chrome plated, 3V2" diameter. Scale length— 2.36". Scale divisions — 50°. Thermocouple — Chromel- Alumel 5' long, 1' of which is beaded and fitted with a heat-resisting alloy protec- tion tube y 8 " o.d., balance of the couple being insulated. PAGE 170 Automatic Temperature Control T17ITH the exception of experimental work and small tool room jobs where indicating pyrometers may suffice, auto- matic controls are today universally recommended, the type to be selected depending upon the degree of control required and application and whether a record is necessary. Millivoltmeter Control ^ Indicating millivoltmeter control with 6" scale is probably the cheapest automatic temperature control available. Potentiometer Control These controls are usually considerably more accurate than millivoltmeter controls. Most have a 12" scale and a scale range selected to give wide open divisions for close control. Proportioning Control With these instruments, the valve movement corresponds with the degree of correction required as compared with the two- position control where change in temperature results in the valves being opened or closed to predetermined positions which can be adjusted as desired. The Radiation Principle Ordinarily, a thermocouple is used in the furnace to indicate the temperature. For especially quick response and applica- tions where thermocouples will not stand up, the radiation principle is employed using a Thermopyle (number of extremely small thermocouples) outside of the furnace which sights on the work in the furnace or on the bottom of a tube extending into it. Any standard make can be supplied at current prices. PAGE 171 Gauges "^"O furnace is really complete without gauges to check and *^ duplicate settings, especially manifold pressures. DIAL TYPE These gauges are finished in black with easy reading black numerals on a white face. They are sturdily made and are equipped with a built in snub- ber to take shocks caused by a sudden rise in pressure. With these dial type gauges, there is no need to refill with water. NO. DT-1 0-15" water column pressure, 3 W face. Used for reading mani- fold or gas line pressures. NO. DT-2 0—60" water column pressure, 3*^" face. Used for reading air line pressures, etc., such as generally used on our standard Single Valve Ratio System. NO. DT-3 0— 30" pounds, 2}4 ,f face. Used on high pressure gas systems. Tell-Tale Burner For convenience in setting the air-gas mixture, we furnish Burner Tip and a cock. This little unit is particularly desirable where it is difficult to observe the functioning of the burners and note the flame characteristics where the flame leaves the burner tunnel. By observing the flame characteristics at the base of the flame of this Tell-Tale Burner, the ratio cocks on our Single Valve Ratio Sets can be readily adjusted to give the desired flame characteristics and type of combustion. Page 172 A. G. F. Control Valve For Use with Automatic Temperature Controllers These control valves are rugged, simple in construction and readily adjustable. No by -pass is required. They are supplied for controlling the air only on the assumption that the furnace is provided with a Single Valve Ratio Set for regulation of the air-gas ratio. The dial levers at the top fix the maximum and minimum travel of the valve stem and accordingly the input in the two positions. The valve itself is actuated through its diaphragm, the air supply to which is controlled by a small solenoid valve which is actuated by the temperature controller. These valves will operate with a single or 2 contact holding type instrument. The inter- mittent type may not be used. Capacity — 1" pipe size — 20 C.F.M. Air Capacity— 1 Vi" pipe size — 40 C.F.M. Air Capacity— 1 Vi" pipe size— 60 C.F.M. Air Fuel Input Throttle In addition, in many cases, these valves are provided with an Automatic Fuel Input Throttle. This device permits setting the furnace for maximum fuel input while coming up to temperature and then automatically reducing this maximum input to a predetermined smaller input after the furnace first attains operating temperature. Page 173 Matchlet Furnace Cement ■ ;OR general repairs Machlet Furnace Cement is recommended *• because of the ease with which it can be applied and the satisfactoriness of repairs made with it. It is an especially compounded asbestos-fire clay mixture and will withstand excessive temperature and bond firmly with the original fire brick lining. Another highly desirable characteristic of this cement is the fact that it does not shrink to any appreciable extent after it has been heated. It is supplied dry and should be thorougly mixed with water to the consistency of putty for application. When properly applied it holds fast, is highly refractory and has negligible shrinkage. We recommend that you keep a supply on hand at all times. It comes in 10, 25 and 100 pound bags. Instructions for Using 1. The approximate amount of cement which is required for the repair should be placed on a board or flat surface for mixing. 2. When shipped this cement is thoroughly mixed. If it does not appear to be uniform -in composition because of settling out of the various ingredients, it is advisable to mix while still dry. Water should then be added and mixing continued until the cement is slightly drier than putty. Mixing should be thorough for best results. 3. Lining should be cold and clean before cement is applied. 4. The surfaces where cement is to be applied should be thor- oughly wet down with a suitable brush. 5. Where possible, undercuts should be provided to help hold the cement in place. 6. Cement should be thoroughly rammed in. 7. After the cement has been rammed in it should be wet down with a suitable brush with water. If a glaze is desired use borax water (approximately one tablespoonful dissolved in one pint of water). 8. Dry slowly for as long as practical before applying heat and then increase the heat very gradually. PAGE 174 Lighting Torches A good lighting torch is an essential for convenient lighting of gas furnaces. We are prepared to supply either of the styles shown below. The wire lighter with oil soaked asbestos rope tip is perfectly satisfactory for small furnaces. The premix lighting torch consisting of a No. 565-N flame retention alloy burner, i/ 8 " pipe of the desired length, rubber hose of the required length and a Venturi Mixer complete with cocks facilitates lighting fur- naces even under the most adverse conditions. € -S65-M BURNER £pipe ^F =Sfc /HOSE VENTURI MIXER- -2-or- t&^V ASBESTOS ROPE £air SUPPLY line- $ GAS SUPPLY LINE- I- S Cocks and Valves pOR the convenience of our customers we keep available a A stock of dependable standard cocks, globe valves and needle valves. These are the same as used on our standard single valve ratio sets. COCKS — Standard gas type for use on low pressure air lines. Full open in 90° position. GLOBE VALVES^Standard type for pressures up to 125 P.S.I. NEEDLE VALVES — An inexpensive valve with tapered metal to metal seat. For pressures up to 95 P.S.I. These are used on our S.V.R. Sets to adjust the ratio of gas to air when using higher B.T.U. gases and a finer adjustment is desired. Information on cocks and valves other than listed below may be had on request. Globe Needle Pipe Size Cock No. Valve No Valve No. CI Nl N2 C2 G2 %" C3 G3 N3 8" C4 G4 N4 w C5 G5 N5 i" C6 G6 iv 4 " C7 G7 1V2" 2" C8 G8 G9 C9 Page 175 : "Ni-Carb" ■— A process for surface hardening. Numbering Systems Functions of the alloying elements in medi- um and high carbon steel. Carburizing Data Hardness and Tensile Conversion Tables Temperature Conversion Table Data on Various Materials Conversion Factors Capacity of Pipes, Air and Gas Chart of Comparative Fuel Prices Heat Content of Various Materials Pressure Conversion Chart Heat Colors Temper Colors Number of Small Circles in a Larger Circle Suggested Small Shop Layout Suggestions for Auxiliary Equipment Map Showing Location of American Gas Furnace Co. i s r ► c : c r r : ■ : : c : : : ] // Ni-Carb tr Pat. 1,995,314 & 2,188,266 "^I-GARBING" is a surface hardening process originally developed by us in the early 1930's, which is a combination of nitriding and carburizing that produces a thin, hard case very quickly. The treatment is carried out in a gas atmosphere consisting essentially of a carbon-rich gas and ammonia. The exact mixture of gases, the temperature, the time cycle, etc., can be varied according to the surface requirements. These conditions will also be influenced by the composition of the steel, nature of the parts, etc. The actual treatment can be followed either by cooling in the treating gas atmosphere, or by a quench, depending upon the core properties required, full hardness of the case being obtained regardless of the method of cooling. The temperatures employed are, comparatively speaking, quite low. The process can be carried out in either rotary retort furnaces of the continuous or batch type or in full muffle reciprocating controlled atmosphere furnaces, belt conveyor furnaces with full muffle, etc. The choice of equipment will depend upon the nature of the work, production requirements and case depth. It has a number of advantages which may be briefly enumerated as follows : 1. A hard surface which is highly resistant to corrosion and oxidation, whether the work is quenched or slow cooled. PAGE 177 * "Ni-Carb" (Cont'd) Pat. 1,095,314 & 2,188,25b 2. A hard surface which has what might be termed "tough hardness. n The case adheres very tightly to the core with practically no tendency towards exfoliation. 3. Reduction in the amount of distortion, especially where parts are cooled in the treating gas atmosphere. 4. This process can be used on practically any grade of steel, steel alloys, also on steel castings, some cast iron and malle- able iron. 5. This is a gas process. It requires no bath such as cyanide or other salts with their attendant disadvantages. 6. Uniformity of results. 7. Results can be duplicated without danger or fear of ex- haustion of a bath. 8. Low cost. «•* 9. Work which has been "Mi-Garbed, 1 ' when polished, has the appearance of nickel or chrome plating (polished), but unlike nickel plating it is hard. Being a surface alloy, it does not flake off. 10. When polished, such work can be given all the various temper colors such as straw, brown, blue, etc., by means of temper heats and still retain its original degree of hardness. 11. Elimination of the washing which is necessary on cyanide hardened parts. It is particularly difficult to remove cyanide adhering to the threads of screws, bolts and nuts, blind holes, etc., which, if allowed to remain, causes corrosion. PAGE 178 TABLE OF FUNCTIONS OF THE ELEMENTS Principal Effects in Medium or High Carbon Steel To Form To Carbides; To Form Alloy I ncrease To Decreasing Oxide Particles Element Harden- Strengthen Creep. to Restrain ability Ferrite Restraining Grain Growth Grain Growth Mn Strong Strong Mild Weak Si Moderate Strong No Moderate Cr Strong Moderate Moderate Weak Ni Moderate Strong No No Mo Moderate* Weak Strong Weak if any W Moderate* Weak Strong Weak if any V Mild* Weak V. strong Prob. strong Ti Weak Weak V. strong Prob. strong Co Weak Strong V. Weak No Al Moderate Strong No Strong Zr Prob, weak Weak Moderate Strong Cu Mild Moderate No No *These designations refer to the behavior in steels as usually heat-treated. It should be noted that Mo, W and V when actually dissolved in Austenite greatly increase hardenability. Reprinted by permission of the Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp. A.I.S.I. NUMERICAL DESIGNATION OF GRADES The prefix letters indicate the method of steel manufacture as follows : A— Basic open hearth alloy steel. B — Acid Bessemer carbon steel. C—Basic open hearth carbon steel. C-B— Either acid Bessemer or basic open hearth carbon steel at the option of the manufacturer. D— Acid open hearth carbon steel. E — Electric furnace steels of both carbon and alloy types. PAGE 179 A. I. S.I. Numerical Designation of Grades (Cont'd.) The last two digits are intended, as far as feasible, to indicate the approximate middle of the carbon range, i. e., 21 represents a range of 0. 18 to 0.23%. It is necessary to deviate from this rule and to interpolate numbers in the case of some carbon ranges and for variations in manganese, sulphur, chromium or other elements. The first two digits of the four numeral series for the various grades of alloy steel and their meaning is as follows : Series Designation Types and Classes lOxx Basic and acid open -hearth and acid Bessemer carbon steel grades, non -sulphurized and nonphosphorized. 11 xx Basic open -hearth and acid Bessemer carbon steel grades, sulphurized but not phosphor ized. 12xx Basic open -hearth carbon steel grades, phosphorized. 13xx Manganese 1.60 to 1.90 per cent. 23xx Nickel 3.50 per cent. 25xx Nickel 5.00 per cent. 31xx Nickel 1.25 per cent — Chromium 0.65 per cent. 33xx Nickel 3.50 per cent — Chromium 1.55 percent. 40xx Molybdenum. 41xx Chromium-Molybdenum. 43xx Nickel -chromium -molybdenum. 46xx Nickel 1.65 per cent — Molybdenum 0.25 per.cent. 48xx Nickel 3.25 per cent — Molybdenum 0.25 per cent. 51 xx Medium chromium. 52xxx Chromium, high-carbon. 61xx Chromium-vanadium. Nickel 0.55 per cent — Chromium 0.50 per cent- Molybdenum 0.20 per cent. Nickel 0.55 per cent —Chromium 0.50 per cent — Molybdenum 0.25 per cent. 92xx Manganese 0.80 per cent— Silicon 2.00 per cent. 93xx Manganese 0.45 to 0.65 per cent —Nickel 3.00 to 3.50 per cent — Chromium 1.20 per cent — Molybdenum 0.11 per cent. 86xx 87x PAGE 180 ] A. I. S.I. Numerical Designation of Grades (Cont'd.) Series Designation Types and Classes 94xx Manganese 0.95 to 1.15 per cent— Silicon 0.30 per cent — Nickel 0.45 percent — Chromium 0.40 per cent — Molybdenum 0.12 per cent. 95xx Manganese 1.35 per cent — Silicon 0.50 per cent — Nickel 0.55 per cent— Chromium 0.50 per cent — Molybdenum 0.12 per cent. 96xx Manganese 1.35 per cent — Silicon 0.50 per cent — Chromium 0.50 per cent.' 97xx Manganese 0.65 per cent — Silicon Nickel 0.55 per cent — Molybdpmi™ n 7.\ 98xx .30 per cent- lenum 0.20 per cent. Manganese 0.80 per cent — Silicon 0.30 per cent- Nickel 1.00 per cent — Chromium 0.80 per cent. Page 181 Approx. Critical Temperatures of Various Steels STEEL AC, ACi ACi ARi ARi AR, Deg. F. Deg, F. Deg. F. Deg. F. Deg. F. Deg. F. C1010 1350 1405 1605 1570 1400 1255 C1015 1390 1410 1560 1510 1395 1390 CI 020 1350 1540 1470 1340 C1022 1360 . 1530 1440 1300 C1030 1350 1405 1495 1395 1405 1250 C1040 1340 1445 1350 1250 CI 050 1340 1420 1320 1250 CI 060 1355 1400 1300 1250 CI 080 1350 1370 1285 1250 CI 095 1350 1365 1320 1265 C1117 1345 1540 1450 1340 C1118 1330 1420 1515 1385 1370 1175 C1141 1310 1400 1340 1210 A1330 1325 1480 1340 1160 A1340 1340 1420 1195 1160 A1350 1310 1400 1255 1105 A2317 1300 1350 1440 1350 1260 1100 A2330 1280 1360 1355 910 A2340 1280 1360 1180 1060 A2515 1250 1335 1420 1220 1140 825 A3115 1355 1400 1500 1470 1380 1240 A3 135 1340 1445 1300 1220 A3 140 1360 1420 1265 1200 A3 150 1355 1380 1275 1215 A3240 1335 1425 1280 1240 A4032 1360 1500 1400 1230 A4042 1320 1410 1340 1210 A4047 1310 1400 1320 1200 A4063 1405 1460 1325 1270 A4068 1360 1390 1220 1190 A4130 1400 1435 1510 1400 * 1395 1305 A4140 1395 1450 1330 1280 A4150 1390 1450 1290 1245 A4340 1350 1415 890 720 A4615 1335 1400 1485 1400 1320 1200 A4640 1325 1400 1220 275 A5140 1370 1440 1345 1280 A5150 1330 1420 1280 1220 E52100 1340 1415 1315 1280 A6120 1410 1460 1545 1440 1380 1300 A6145 1390 1450 1375 1290 A6152 1395 1445 1315 1290 NE8620 1340 1530 1415 1270 NE8630 1365 1465 1335 1205 A8720 1380 1520 1400 1200 A8740 1370 1435 1265 1160 A8750 1325 1390 1230 910 A9255 1410 1480 1330 1273 A9261 1440 1490 1345 1318 E9310 1350 1480 1210 810 NE9420 1340 1510 1390 1270 NE9430 1360 1430 1240 1190 A9440 1360 1450 1290 1215 NE9450 1365 1430 1245 1225 NE9540 1360 1450 1320 1200 A9763 1335 1400 1250 1220 A9840 1370 1430 1260 770 A9850 1355 1420 860 750 The majority of the data above has been taken from the A.S.M. 1939 Hand- book, other from various sources. PAGE 182 The ABC of Stainless Steel x.2 w o r — u « t", ** *• - - = If 5 I! H t| Sjj it hi- s-g; Sj8 Si c ill O '«) 8 ° 1 «Sc 111 * u « is 8 d ■ail 9£ ■ li 5 w C u CO £ c h c 1 ^=^ S* o!2 i as u O C S§1ifc J! o s _ *-> - tn 5 « c w « M 8 £55 < EZh Ui QU j si i ^ 8-8623321 a. E .Is CQ CQ o a .»£t!ut!u §■35" 2 «£J « v ° 8s « i ti £ 3 P n « 111 ' fe S3 a co ( I I J« w - U It C 3 ctf rt « O « OSha£ i 3 <u^ « £ 5 <(3M6202 u! § 8 PQ-Q o-S tl 2 £ (2 ■ .s'Li lllll lj X o 8 ■ £ 3 S-i. Page 183 i*o ISO llll" HO s b f S s ~:e":: / *~ s SO s --^*z! s s : ? __ s y -E 70 s s ' s * Z*'"~ uu X * >: 50 ^ *■ X /> ■*- ,s s ^ ^ s y ^ ^ ^ S \ 2.5 2.0 15 to ' ^ S / y ^ sf 2 3 4- 5 6 7 8 9 10 1^ 14 16 16 ZO CARBURIZING TIME -HOURS Relation of Time to Case Depth in Carburizing The logarithmic chart above has been prepared from the data by R. W. Schlumpf, appearing^in the 1939 edition of the Metals Handbook. The values for all practical purposes correspond with those given in Mr. Schlumpf's curves for the relation of time and temperature to carbon penetration, figures for his curves being taken from test runs in a production vertical, stationary type gas carburizer using natural gas (95-98% methane), S.A.E. steel 3115. Quoting further from the handbook : "In the gas carburizing process the factor of surface gas-metal equilibria can be more easily manipulated by varying the gas flow rate, introduction of diluents, interruption of gas flow, and variation of chamber pressure, than by varying the temperature, due to the effect of the latter on gaseous equilibria. In the CH 4 ^^ C + 2H? system the active carburizer (CHj becomes less stable as the temperature increases while in the 2CO "7"** C 4- CO2 system the active carburizer (CO) becomes more stable with increasing temperatures/ ' Page 184 Selective Carburization of Steels To retain surface portions after hardening, for machinability, straightening or increased toughness, as on threads, selective carburizing is practiced. While it can be carried out in various ways, such as (1) electro- plating, either (la) stopping off the electro deposit where car- burizing is desired, or (lb) machining off the copper plate from those surfaces to be carburized after electroplating, (2) by using copper forms to protect certain areas as on shafts, tubes, etc., or (3) by using protective coatings, the most positive method of selective carburizing is (4) to provide excess stock at the surface portions which it is desired to keep soft. Excess stock is left on the work as shown in the several accom- panying illustrations, and after carburizing the work is slow cooled. The excess stock is then machined off below the case which will remain soft after the hardening treatment. This method is especially applicable and reliable where threads or sharp corners are to be left soft. ALL OyV. O/S 7V.0ZO Page 185 Hardness and Tensile Conversion Table Approximate relations of hardness and tensile for SAE carbon and alloy con- structional steels. BR I NELL - ROCKWELL— C B Dia. in 1 50 kg. load 100 kg. Shore Tensile mm., 3000 120° load Sclero- Strength 1000 kg. load Hardness Diamond Vie in. dia. scope 10 mm. ball No. Cone ball No. PSL 2.20 780 70 106 384 2 25 745 68 100 3 08 2.30 712 66 95 352 2.35 682 64 01 337 2.40 653 62 87 324 2.45 627 60 84 311 2.50 601 58 81 29* IM 578 57 78 287 2.60 555 55 120 75 27b 2.65 534 53 119 72 2b b 2.70 514 52 119 70 2 5b 2.75 495 50 117 67 247 2.80 477 40 117 05 238 2.85 461 47 lib 3 229 2.90 444 46 in 01 220 2.95 420 45 113 59 212 3.00 415 44 114 57 204 3.05 401 42 in 55 196 3.10 388 41 112 54 189 3.15 375 40 112 52 182 3.20 363 38 110 51 17 b 3.25 352 37 110 40 170 3.30 341 3r> 109 48 165 3.35 331 3 5 109 40 160 3.40 321 34 108 45 IS 5 3.45 311 33 108 44 150 3.50 302 32"' 107 43 146 3.55 293 31 106 42 142 3.60 285 30 10$ 40 158 3.65 277 29 104 39 134 3.70 260 28 104 38 ■ 151 3.75 262 2o 103 37 128 3.80 255 25 102 37 125 3.85 248 24 102 36 122 3.90 241 23 100 35 119 3.95 235 22 99 34 116 4.00 229 21 98 33 113 4.05 223 20 07 32 110 4.10 217 IS % 31 107 4.15 212 17 06 31 104 4.20 207 lb 5 30 101 4.25 202 IS 04 30 99 4.30 197 n 03 2^ 97 4.35 192 12 02 2H 9S 4.40 187 10 01 28 91 4.45 183 9 00 27 91 4.50 170 3 89 27 89 4.55 174 7 88 20 87 4.60 170 6 87 2o 85 4.65 1 66 4 80 2 5 83 4.70 163 3 85 25 82 Figures in italics are an approximation and are to be used only as a guide. D AGE 186 Temperature Conversion Table For Temp. Scale Conversion C° = 5/9 (F° — 32) F° = c F C F 32 550 1022 10 50 560 1040 20 68 570 1058 30 86 580 1076 40 104 590 1094 50 122 600 1112 60 140 610 1130 70 158 620 1148 80 17b 630 1166 90 194 640 J.184 100 212 650 1202 110 230 660 1220 120 248 670 1238 130 266 680 1256 140 284 690 1274 150 302 700 1292 160 320 710 1310 170 338 720 1328 180 356 730 1346 190 374 740 1364 200 392 750 1382 210 410 760 1400 220 428 770 1418 230 446 780 1436 240 464 790 1454 250 482 800 1472 260 500 810 1490 270 518 820 1508 280 536 830 1526 290 554 840 1544 300 572 850 1562 310 590 860 1580 320 608 870 1598 330 626 880 1616 340 644 890 1634 350 662 900 1652 360 680 910 1670 370 698 920 1688 380 716 930 1706 390 734 940 1724 400 752 950 1742 410 770 960 1760 420 788 070 1778 430 806 080 1796 440 824 900 1814 450 842 1000 1832 460 860 1010 1850 470 878 1020 1868 480 896 1030 1886 490 914 1040 1904 SOU 932 1050 1922 510 950 1060 1940 520 968 1070 1958 530 986 1080 1976 540 1004 | 1090 1994 1100 2012 1110 2030 1120 2048 1130 2066 1140 2084 1150 2102 1160 2120 1170 2138 1180 2156 1190 2174 1200 2192 1210 2210 1220 2228 1230 2246 1240 2264 1250 2282 1260 2300 1270 2318 1280 2336 1290 2354 1300 2372 1310 2390 1320 2408 1330 2426 1340 2444 1350 2462 1360 2480 1370 2498 1380 2516 1390 2534 1400 2552 1410 2570 1420 2588 1430 2606 1440 2624 1450 2642 1460 2660 1470 2678 1480 2696 1490 2714 1500 2732 1510 2750 1520 2768 1530 2786 1540 2804 1550 2822 1560 2840 1570 2858 1580 2876 1590 2894 1600 2912 1610 2930 1620 2948 1630 2966 1640 2984 1650 3002 Page 187 Capacity of Pipes, Air and Gas Gas Capacity in Cu. Ft. Hr. of Pipe of Different Diameters and Different Lengths. Spec. Gr. .6 — Pressure Drop .2". SIZE OF PIPE Length of Pipe, Feet K" 1" IM" IM" 2" 3" 4" 15 168 350 620 960 2000 5400 11200 30 120 245 430 680 1400 3800 7900 45 98 200 355 530 1150 3200 6500 60 84 175 310 480 1000 2700 5600 75 76 155 275 430 890 2450 5000 90 70 145 250 395 810 " 2260 4550 105 64 132 232 370 750 2100 4200 120 60 125 215 340 700 1950 4000 150 54 110 195 310 630 1750 3550 180 49 100 175 280 570 1600 3200 210 44 94 165 260 530 1450 3000 240 43 88 155 240 500 1350 2800 270 40 83 145 230 470 1300 2650 300 38 79 138 215 440 1250 2500 450 31 64 112 176 360 1000 2050 600 27 56 97 152 315 860 1750 Air Capacity in C. F. M. of Various Dia. Lengths. Pressure Drop 3" Water Column. SIZE OF PIPE Pipes and Various Length in Feet 1" IK" 1M" 2" IW 3 u 4" 60 7.5 15 23 43 66 125 260 80 6.5 13 20 37 60 109 226 100 6 12 19 * 34 56 100 208 125 5.5 11 17' 31 50 90 187 150 5 10 15 28 46 82 170 175 4.5 9.3 14 26 42 75 156 200 4.3 8.6 12 24 40 70 145 300 3.4 7 11 20 32 57' 117 400 2.9 6.1 9.3 17 28 49 101 500 2.6 5.4 8.3 15 25 44 90 600 2.3 4.9 7.3 14 23 39 81 Length in Feet of Standard Pipe to Allow for Various Screw Fittings. Long Ell or Run RecTg. Coup. }£" Std. Ell Tee Pipe Gate or W' Through Globe Size Valve of Tee Redn. Red'n. Side Outlet Valve * .031 .41 .52 .84 1.66 2.5 .044 .57 .73 1.17 2.33 3.5 1 .057 .77 .98 1.57 3.11 4.68 1V4 IV2 .082 1.07 1.37 2.19 4.35 6.54 .098 1.29 1.64 2.63 5.21 7.84 2 1.320 1.74 2.23 3.55 7.05 10.6 3 2.130 2.81 3.59 5.72 11.4 17.08 PAGE 188 Data on Various Materials Material Aluminum 2.6 Brass 8.4 Bronze 8.8 Copper 8.9 Cast Iron 7.2 Lead 11.4 Steel 7.8 Tin 7.3 Zinc 7.1 Gold 19.3 Silver 10.5 Fire Clay 1.9 Glass 2.6 Oil .8 Insulating Refractory (Med. Grade) I .97 Sp. Gr. Wt. per Cu. In. Lbs. .095 .303 .32 .32 .26 .41 .28 .2b .2b .70 .38 .069 .094 .028 .035 Melting Point °F. 1225 1700 1675 1980 2300 620 2500 450 785 1945 1761 3000 1200 2600 Spec. Heat Approx, .23 .095 .09 .1 .15 .031 .117 .054 !032 .057 .3 .194 .4 (Note: These figures are approximate only and are not intended for very exact calculations.) Conversion Factors Atmosphere = 760 mm. Mercury Atmosphere = 14 7 lbs. per sq. in. B. t. u. = 252 Large Calories B. t. u. = 778 Foot Pounds B. t, u. = .298 Watt Hours B. t. u. per cu. ft. = 8.90 Calories (large) per cu. meter B. t. u. per pound =556 Calories per kilogram Calorie (large) = 3 A>7 B. t. u. Calorie (large) =4180 Joules Centimeter =.394 Inches Cu. Centimeter = .0610 cu. inches Cu. Foot= .0283 cu. meters Cu. Foot = 7.48 gallons Cu. !nch= 16.4 cu. centimeters Cu. Meter =35.3 cu. feet Cu. Meter= 1.307 cu. yards Cu. Yard = .765 cu. meters Foot = .3048 meters Foot Pounds = 1 .356 Joules Foot Pound = .00129 B. t. u. Gallon = 4. 546 litres Gallon =,134 cu. feet Grain = .0648 grams Gram = 1 5.44 grains Gram= .002205 pounds avoir. Horsepower = .707 B. t. u. per Sec. Horsepower = . 1 78 Calories per Sec. Horsepower = .746 Kilowatts Inch = 2,54 centimeters Inch Mercury = 13,6" water Inch Mercury = .490 lb. per sq. in. Inch Water=.0735 in. mercury Inch Water = .0360 lb, per sq. in. 1 Joule =.738 foot pounds 1 Joule =.0002 3 9 calories 1 Kilogram = 2,205 pounds 1 Kilo, per sq. Cm. = 14.22 lbs. per sq. in. 1 Kilo, per sq. Meter=,205 lbs. per sq. ft. I Kilometer = .6214 miles 1 Kilowatt = .949 B. t. u. per sec. 1 Kilowatt = .239 Calories per sec. 1 Kilowatt = 738 ft. lbs. per sec. 1 Kilowatt = 1,341 Horsepower 1 Litre=0353 cu. ft. I Litre = .220 gallons 1 Meter =3.281 feet 1 Meter =39.37 inches 1 Meter = 1 .094 yards 1 Mile = 1 .609 Kilometers 1 Mile per Hr.= 1.467 ft. per sec. 1 Millimeter =.03937 inches 1 Ounce (avoir.) =28.35 grams I Ounce (troy) =31 .09 grams 1 Pound (avoir) = .454 Kilograms 1 Lb. Der Sq. Ft. = 4.88 Kilos per sq. Meter 1 Quart = 1.136 litres 1 Radian = 57.3 degrees 1 Sq. Cm. = .155 sq. in. 1 Sq. In. = 6.45 sq. cm. 1 Sq. Ft. = .093 sq. meters 1 Sq. Meter = 10.76 sq. ft. 1 Sq , Meter = 1 . 1 96 sq . yds. 1 Ton (2000 Lbs.) = 101 5.6 kilos I Watt Hour=3.415 B. t. u. 1 Yard = .91 44 meters. Page 1 89 8 Ess ui^ di^ op II ooooooooo §gg 5 O ^H -H ^H ^H ^ -H -H - - — ooooooo - KM W^OO OOOOOOOOOO-h-h ooooooooooo© r^rs.f^tsr^Gor^ao^^fO^ oooooooooooo 6^ oooooooooooo oooooooooooo s£ 5*3 s >> "J -» ■'■ & •J "-> m U W t" 8 ^ w o 0^ g ^ c' <u o c (- iS « « »&§ S S c ■5-5:2 w « y 'u « C « <U « M c '5 . o ^§2 >> u v « a-£ c u 5 *jy <« 2 _ Sot® ■2-0 3 u r C7 CO v ft> > c S *■> .— w < u^ s^ .2 —CO gag < E CQ < < uj -J ■> «"S ~* ff' » * <*s IO tJ« Tf t* rj< tJ- <s OIOOOOO tnOOOlflN a 000000 000000 000000 ^H — ( (S <S C* (S o^pj m Tf _ on yo rf *£n£> * lO ift 10 <fe 000000 » t>, ■* -1 ^ r-> ^ c r «c ic 1/; d £ fa 000000 000000 00000c (N (^ *f uj ^CN l"2 00 ^ ** ^ 00 « oomooo OOOOtNtsKtV a £ 000000 000000 000000 PAGE 190 CHART OF COMPARATIVE FUEL PRICES Electric energy, cents Per KWH. Coal, Dollars per ton (2000 lbs.) Unit Prices. Gases, Cents per 1000 cu. ft. Oil and Butane, cents Per gal. ILLUSTRATIVE USE OF CHART To find the equivalent cost of electric energy at 90% efficiency compared with fuel oil at 10c per gal. and 30% efficiency. From the intersection of the Price line and the fuel line follow left to the oil efficiency (30%) then follow the diagonal guide lines to the efficiency of the electric energy (90%) from there follow the horizontal guide lines to the intersection of the line for electric energy reading the equivalent price (.75c), on the top or bottom scale. Courtesy of W. S. Rockwell Co. Page t 91 HEAT CONTENT OF VARIOUS METALS 2 D O s i lii a. i?i CD f El O O 2 ^ ! -ZT t L ^ : ^ ' ; -■ Z -^ r 2L ^ 2 - r *T A ™\L * J~ ■ - z \J2 ' ' 4±£S ' L^Z s%* z ^Z^' ->'Vt?^ _f~ / ^j / 7* ^iZt <$Z^-*' -/ -i J P^/ 2 .fe^v ^^ $tt£sz **£* $%$ y^jct* /--/.^'LS ^'' ^Lfc^. -._ - v-^d^-*-"'" _ 2^4^ -t6N^, --- y>2 J n 3 " L je^r-tii 11 1 [ 1 1 1 1 MM 1 M 1 MM 500 1000 I50O 2000 2500 TEMPERATURE-DEGREES R 3000 Heat Colors Faint Red 930° F. Blood Red " 1075° F. Dark Cherry 1175° F. Medium Cherry 1275° F. Cherry 1375° F. Bright Cherry ... 1450° F. Salmon . 1550° F. Dark Orange 1634° F. Orange. 1725° F. Lemon 1830° F. Light Yellow 1975° F. White 2200° F. Bluish White 2350° F. Temper Colors Lemon Yellow 430° F. Light Straw 458° F. Dark Straw 478° F. Purple (Reddish). . . . .523° F. Purple (Bluish) 551° F. Blue 572° F. Gray Blue 603° F, Greenish Blue 627° F. Gray 700° F. Pressure Conversion Chart-^ u 'It : L page 192 Table of Circles that Can be Inscribed within an Enclosing Circle From the table below the number of circles of a given diameter that can be inscribed in a larger circle of known diameter, can be found. N = number of inscribed circles. R = ratio diameter of large circle diameter of small circle D d Examples: How many wires, V 2 inch in diameter, can be placed inside a pipe, 5 inches in diameter? R = 5^i/ 2 = 10, and finding the value nearest to this number in the columns of R in the table, N = 76 is determined by interpolation. Approximate Formulas : N = 0.907 I 0.94 J +3.7 R = 0.94 + ^ jN-3.7 V 0.907 N R N R N R N R N R 2 3 4 5 2.00 34 6.76 130 12.80 290 18.75 600 26.65 2.15 35 6.86 135 13.06 295 18.90 610 26,86 2.41 36 7.00 140 13.26 300 19.05 620 27.07 2.70 37 7.00 145 13.49 310 19.35 630 27.28 6 7 3.00 38 7.08 150 13.72 320 19.65 640 27.49 3.00 39 7.18 155 13.95 330 19.94 650 27 70 8 3.31 40 7.31 160 14.17 340 20.23 660 27.91 § 3.61 41 7.39 165 14.39 350 20.52 670 28.12 10 3.80 42 7.43 170 14.60 360 20.81 680 28.33 3.92 43 7.61 175 14.81 370 21.09 690 28 74 12 4.05 44 7.70 180 15.01 380 21.36 700 28.75 13 4.23 45 7.72 185 15.20 390 21.63 720 29.14 14 4.41 46 7.81 190 15.39 400 21.90 740 29 52 15 4.55 47 7.92 195 15.57 410 22.17 760 29 90 16 17 4.70 48 8.00 200 15.75 420 22.44 780 30.28 4.86 49 8.03 205 15.93 430 22.70 800 30.65 18 19 5.00 50 8.13 210 16.11 440 22.96 820 31.02 5.00 55 8.21 215 16.29 450 23.21 840 31.39 20 21 5.18 60 8.94 220 16.46 460 23.47 860 31 75 5.31 65 9.25 225 16.63 470 23.72 880 32.11 22 23 24 25 5.49 70 9.61 230 16.80 480 23.97 900 32.46 5.61 75 9.93 235 16.97 490 24.21 920 32.80 5.72 80 10.20 240 17.14 500 24.45 940 33.14 5.81 85 10.46 245 17.30 510 24.68 960 33.48 26 27 28 29 5.92 i 90 10.73 250 17.46 520 24.91 980 33.82 6.00 95 11.15 255 17.63 530 25.13 1000 34.15 6.13 100 11.34 260 17.79 540 25.35 1100 35.75 6.23 105 11.60 265 17.95 550 25.57 1200 37.30 30 31 6.40 110 11.85 270 18.11 560 25.79 1300 38.80 6.44 115 12.10 275 18.27 570 26.01 1 400 40.20 32 6.55 120 12.34 280 18.43 580 26.23 1500 41.60 33 6.70 125 12.57 285 18.59 590 26.44 1600 42.95 Courtesy of Machinery Handbook Page 193 k/l 4) — •o * . 3£2* « ax 4) § c W U ■"•■3JB C -QJ5 £ *2 5 ft 4- 5 « C 2 W A I X o & w 4> — £ 4J"i i? 4) .P* C ci y ^ c. ■ s w u e c 1*8 jl l*2 Pi 4> Cfl » S*2 D, O ■ « a) a) ** JX <h 1 -3 o«2 3 « « « ■»-> O 5 •3 4) Co*""* § « C " 4) 8*£ .SJ^ft? 01 O £ 4) U o • 3 £-2 U-M-, ft) (A 3 8 ■ 3 ' « c ^*0 o ft) g jsi'S-Sg 2^ as C c C o ro 8 C .tj3.S- ts. 4) > w efl .- *- J x a is o c 4)"3 — 2 c 3 a) • s s *« ~> ~ (6 ft) JD*j « g II i.1 §« * 4) II 1." x* •3 x 3 "1 °5 03 . >> U_>> w ffl _v.»3 4)"" ill? *5 «o 3 X~ * « « Cj. 2 — a 5 y ■ £ "-g2 » at *< o v.— o 3 5 £-3 C * «- M C *- t« t- h • « 4) 3 00 ^ — — goye 4)vX C C v 3 - C C £ w-3 C C « w S rt 3-fj3T « u i - £o w ^ J Sc 3 C ■So. ill i £i w flo «-* • 4) OX . «J ||«" o o **9 5^! o 5; d j c -X w JS2 o •X S,£. 8)1+4 C *j at « *j 0,"O c u 3 Si x a • a •0 ■8..-.S pa C o o '3 °^ !> 4) C 2°; C « X a) 4) «*° fe -C. S'3^ 4) ft> k ^xo p ^ I • eSfflfc . g S PAGE 194 Suggestions for Auxiliary Equipment 1. Quenching Tanks are essential and we would suggest at least three of them which may be from 18" to 24" in diameter by about 24" deep. Suitable tanks can be obtained from practically any hardware store. If not, a sheet metal worker or plumber can make them. It is usually desired to use one tank each for quenching oil, water and brine. Mesh wire baskets for these tanks facilitate recovery of the pieces in case they are dropped. 2. Indicating Pyrometers. For accurate hardening, temperature indica- ting instruments are essential. 3. Annealing Box. For slow cooling (annealing), a box, preferably of metal a foot to a foot and a half square by 8" to J©" deep filled with lime, should be available. 4. Vise. A sturdy vise mounted on the work bench is convenient for bending and forming parts. If it is used for breaking samples, every pre- caution should be taken that the end which is broken off and chips do not injure anyone in the vicinity. A box especially fitted for breaking samples is preferable. 5. Carburizing Boxes. Several small carburizing boxes with covers, prefer- ably of heat-resisting alloy, should be available for carburizing, pack an- nealing, etc., These boxes usually need not exceed about 6" x 8" x 2*/ 2 " deep. If boxes with short legs or lugs to serve as legs are used, more rapid and uni- form heating of them and their contents is obtained because the heat will penetrate from the bottom as well as the top and sides. 6. Thermometer for Quenching Oil. Especially in hardening light springs, etc., the quenching oil should be hot if distortion and warping is to be held to a minimum. A mercury thermometer permits checking the temperature of the coolant. 7. Blowpipe. A No. 1 Hand Blowpipe at the work bench is convenient for local annealing and tempering and for many other requirements too numerous to mention. 8. Tongs. A complete set of straight and angle tongs of light weight are essential. If heavy tongs are used for handling light work the work is cooled at the places where the tongs contact and ununiform quenching with un- satisfactory hardness results. 9. Spare Pots. Spare pots for both the Oil Tempering Furnace and the Lead Hardening Furnace are recommended so that if desired salt may be used as the tempering medium, and the Lead Hardening Furnace may be used for salt bath hardening, cyanide casehardening, etc. 10. Files. Several coarse files and /or a block of emery or carborundum should be provided for polishing chisels, etc., to observe the temper colors when such work is tempered after hardening. 1. Anvil. A small anvil is essential for forging work. 12. Fire Clay. A small supply of our Machlet Furnace Cement should be available at all times for patching and repair work, also for use on special jobs. It is quite effective for stopping off the case when it is desired to locally carburize. 13. Torch. For lighting furnaces, a torch may be readily made from a piece of stiff wire, one end of which is coiled about a piece of asbestos. A torch fifteen to eighteen inches in length is ample for small furnaces. This torch should be dipped in oil and may then be lighted with a match. PRECAUTIONS. If by any chance a saltpeter (potassium nitrate) bath is provided for blackening, extreme care must be taken that cyanide does not come in contact with it when hot as an explosion will occur. Be certain that all work is absolutely dry before placing it in a cyanide, salt or lead bath as violent spattering will occur and the operator may be seriously burned. PAGE 195 Furnace Lighting Instructions (Air-Gas System) OUR equipment is usually supplied to use air at approxi- mately one pound pressure which is passed through the Venturi Mixer entraining the proper amount of gas. A Zero Governor may or may not be used to provide one valve regulation. In general, the following steps should be observed when lighting furnaces : 1. Open all doors and observation holes. 2. Keeping gas valve shut, open air cock wide for two minutes or more to purge the chamber completely, 3. Close down air cock until one -quarter or one -half open. If furnace is equipped with manifold pressure gauge, air should be turned down to a pressure of 1 x /£* water column for city gas and approximately %" for natural, bottled, or other slow burning gases. 4. Insert lighting torch in front of burners and turn on gas until ignition takes place. Adjust gas valve for proper combustion. 5. If using rapid burning gases, such as city gas, maximum input may now be set as desired. If using natural or slow burning gases, first allow burner tunnels to become thor- oughly heated, otherwise flame will blow off the burner. RULE OF THUMB When lighting open air cock first. When shutting -off close gas valve first. PRECAUTION When first lighting up new furnaces, especially ones containing alloy parts, special care should be taken to heat up very slowly, This will prevent undue strains from being set up and will give longer life to the parts. Manifold pressure during operation should never fall below V2" to %" water column, else back- firing will result. Page 196 ] ] ] ] ] ] ] i ] 3 1 ] :i i pj£) 3/jo| <na\[ tuoafsajttu 5,7 Xftia ajn a^ y x o-tf c ©^ NEWARK Why not visit us when in this vicinity.