text:
It's been a while since Comedy Goldmine featured a Choose Your Own Adventure-style format, because a) this sort of thread is rare these days b) even when there's a successful one, they're often ungainly in length and/or lacking in visual appeal. However, Gaspy Conana has done a fine job of crafting Sierra-style art and manually limiting his thread's length, making "Alone in a Cave" a rare worthy CYOA showcase. The storyline remains in progress, so if you get hooked and want to follow along or make your own suggestions, you can do so on the SA Forums!
Gaspy Conana
Where did dad go?
Organic Robot
Eat the paper.
Jump into the fire.
Read the note!
Gaspy Conana
Cpt.Sean Luc Picard
Yell loudly and see how long the echo lasts.
Mr. Giggles
Freak the fuck out because your Dad isn't around
i brought sauce
Okay, now eat the note. You'll be getting nutritious fiber and also preventing "them" from reading it!
Might as well enjoy a nice warm dinner!
Gaspy Conana
Admiral Bosch
Leave the cave.
That Which Squeaks
TOTAL WRECK - crazy-eyed hound is covered in cobwebs, has a vespiary on back, graffiti on side and savage thirst for boat fuel. Frankly, I'm in over my head. He's in room 115 at Motel 6, yours free. 555-2851
Yes, it's the perfect form for surviving a car crash. But it's also the perfect form for so much more, like surviving the trauma of reading any news headline in 2016.
Hillary Clinton has a new book! Here are some photo-shops of her, for you to enjoy.
Thirty games and a novel piece of hardware for sixty dollars? This is an insult to my honor.
Selling objects to the past, lighters, weed, etc. Pretty intriguing stuff.
The Comedy Goldmine examines the funniest and most creative threads from the Something Awful Forums. Although the Comedy Goldmine has changed authors many times over the years, its focus on the Something Awful Forums is still the same. Includes hilarious Photoshops, amusing work stories, parodies, and other types of oddball humor.
Copyright ©2016 Rich "Lowtax" Kyanka & Something Awful LLC.


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None of them is environmentally friendly. Plants don't like weedkilers or salt or bleach and nor, I suspect, do tiny soil organisms and small critters but the alternative is constant hand weeding. Your choice.
Bagatelle gets to 3 to 4 metres in height so I think that obelisk is too small and you should think about a different support for next year as clematis tend to produce more and more stems each year as they mature and it will just get too crowded.
Rather than pinching yours out, see if you can detach the stems and retrain them round the obelisk as horizontally as possible and continue regular training as it grows. This way you will encourage branching stems and more flowers.
Treat it with a product called Pathclear which works for 3 months at a time. Be careful not to get it on surrounding pants or they'll die too.
I've only ever sown a large lawn in one go but, logically, it will depend on how many bare patches you have and how big they are but I would suggest starting with trays of 24 one to two inch cells of grass babies. When they have a good root system, plant them out 3 to 4 inches apart and water in well.
Keep them watered and let them establish before you start mowing them. Set the blades high at 2" for their first summer so they have enough leaf to provide energy to send the roots down deep and sustain the plants through their first winter and future droughts. Strong roots also help fight off weeds.
I listened to GQT this afternoon and there was Bob Flowerdew with a tip for reseeding patches in lawns when you need to do it after the optimum time of sowing in April. - Sow seed in cellular trays of compost about an inch deep and grow the babies on till they have good root systems and then plant the wee plugs in bare patches in your lawn.
Should work well for you having to wait 8 weeks before you can swo.
It's always best to follow the instructions as the product will have undergone extensive trials before hitting the shelves. Residual weed and feed chemicals will adversely affect seed germination and the growth of the tiny seedlings.
Patience is a virtue in gardening. Take the time to let the product dissipate then prepare the soil well to make it favourable for seeding and water it well if there's been a dry spell and then sow.
This site contains some useful tips on successful lawn sowing - http://www.garden-counselor-lawn-care.com/grass-seed-germination.html
Of course we can watch both but that doesn't mean we can't wish that GW would raise its game or that the Beeb would once again commission series aimed at beginner gardeners, front gardens, neighbourhood gardening, garden design for specific situations and budgets, HIdden Gardens, Flying Gardeners and so on as it has in the past.
Unles syu actively dislike your shrub, can you not just prune it back to a decent shape and size and continue to enjoy your flowering shrub? Put a mulch of garden compost around the base and build it up each season to recover the level you want - not all at once. Keep it pruned to size and shape after flowering each year.
One assumes your neighbours knew the shrub was there when they had their expensive drive laid.
For me GW is something I watch on Saturday pm, now that it's repeated then, whilst doing something else like getting dinner ready or sewing or doing dance club admin or else I catch up later on Sunday when I watch the recording with ditto activity.
It's not riveting enough to watch just with a glass of wine or a coffee any more and certainly doesn't require full attention except when they have an interesting guest appearance such as the wonderfully loquacious James A-S or people like that iris couple who wax lyrically and informatively about their plant passion.
On the other hand, Beechgrove always has something new and does informative trials on plant varieties, cultivation methods, feeding régimes, compost quality etc. 30 minutes of bliss even when they're covering a group of plants I can't grow here.
See here - https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?pid=594
and here http://www.crocus.co.uk/features/_/articleid.1225/
for suitable plants and technique.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Daniel John Debrunner <...@debrunners.com>
|Re: jira question
|Wed, 03 Aug 2005 20:16:41 GMT
Rick Hillegas wrote: > I don't anticipate any significant time savings by scaling back the kind > of expressions we support. In any event, sarg-matching of > indexableExpressions should not involve text comparisons. I imagine it > would involve normalizing the parse trees and comparing the normalized > subgraphs. I'm just saying that getting some working functionality out for simple expressions sooner rather than waiting to solve all the edge hard cases is probably better. Getting a functional index working on something like UPPER(lastname) will solve most people's problems. starts chant 'incremental development - release early release often' 'incremental development - release early release often' Dan.
|View raw message


text:
that man is seriously scary looking.
He was especially scary in Star Wars http://mellody.co.za/michaela/palpatine/gallery/emperor11.jpg
especially scary in the "santa clause photo" #2. yikes!
I agree #2 is scary, but only because of the bright orange cloak and the bright red hat. He does present well in the pistachio shades of green in #8.
There is something quite fetching in #7; The Texan motif via the hat and modified bolero tie (ala cross on a string) combined with the layers of pure white under and overgarments...sigh
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In order to combat spam, we are no longer accepting comments on this post (or any post more than 45 days old).


text:
Here's why…
1. You don't floss as much as you should.
2. You take in way too many carbs.
3. And way too much cheese.
4. In fact, you don't really pay attention to what you put in your body at all.
5. And you don't care.
Via uproxx.com
6. Yet you're not above shaming others for their habits.
7. Because you've got terrible impulse control.
8. You drink too much.
9. In fact, you have a hard time coping when you're sober.
10. You've also got substance abuse problems.
11. You're not as well-educated as you could be.
12. You are essentially unemployable.
13. You're not terribly continental.
Via tumblr.com
14. You never really think all the way through a plan before you start it.
15. You don't appreciate nature.
16. Or animals.
17. You're prone to excessive jingoism.
18. You've got an Oedipus complex.
19. You're not great with kids.
20. You're prone to violence.
21. You're not a great listener.
22. You're critical of your friends.
23. And you're never really there for them.
24. You steal.
25. You play too many video games.
26. You always want to be the center of attention.
27. And you've got no sense of shame.
28. You don't know as much about echinoderms as you think you do.
29. And you eat stickers all the time.
Via uproxx.com
So next time you think, WWCKD? Just do the opposite.
Check out more articles on BuzzFeed.com!
More News About Charlie Day
Preview Your Response
In The News Today
- The Democratic National Committee on Monday apologized for remarks sent over email criticizing the Bernie Sanders campaign 🇺🇸
- At least 19 people died and dozens others were injured in a knife attack at a facility for the disabled near Tokyo, Japan.
- The Solar Impulse 2 completed its first round-the-world flight after landing in Abu Dhabi ☀


text:
Tatsuhiro TsujikawaShared publicly -
So looks like remaining Top Gear season 22 episode was on aired yesterday in UK. I could not watch it, of course. I'm huge fan of Top Gear, so I feel sad this much successful show ended in this way, rather suddenly. But sometimes things just go on like this, whatever you like or not.
They still some really good Car shows on youtube : Matt farah, The Drive channel, engineering explained, Jay Leno's garage ... Lots of great documentaries about Mclaren, RWB Porsches, Koenigsegg.... . Lots of good things. Also nothing really ended yet as Mr Clarkson said that maybe he will export himself on another channel or maybe youtube :).
Add a comment...


text:
Welcome to Cuckoovilleby Susan Chandler, Delphine Durand
View All Available Formats & Editions
One day, disaster strikes the town. Strange foreigners have invaded and no one can understand a word of what they are sayingno one, that is, except for the
- LendMe LendMe™ Learn More
One of the townspeople in Cuckooville talks nothing but gobbledygook and the Mayor has had enough! This has got to stop!" he demands. But has the Mayor spoken too soon?
One day, disaster strikes the town. Strange foreigners have invaded and no one can understand a word of what they are sayingno one, that is, except for the Gobbledygook-speaking Mrs. Gobbledygook! Will she be the hero of the day and finally interpret what these newcomers are requesting? Renowned illustrator Delphine Durand and Kate Greenaway Medalnominated author Susan Chandler have created a hilarious and entertaining collaboration in this jaunty book about acceptance, diversity, and neighborliness.
Editorial Reviews
Product Details
- 9781620874226
- Publisher:
- Sky Pony Press
- Publication date:
- 08/18/2015
- Sold by:
- Barnes & Noble
- Format:
- NOOK Book
- Pages:
- 24
- File size:
- Age Range:
- 3 - 6 Years
Meet the Author
Susan Chandler was born in Southampton and moved to London to attend the Central School of Speech and Drama. She has written many children's books, and the limits of her imagination are not known. She works at the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden and from the outside is a completely normal person, but inside she thinks in rhyme and is always thinking about the next story. She lives in London, England.
Delphine Durand was born in Dijon, France, but grew up in Senegal and La Puisaye before moving to Montpellier as a teenager. For the last twelve years, she has worked as an illustrator in Marseille. She studied art in Strasbourg and has won many awards for her celebrated art style and wonderful sense of humor. Delphine lives in Paris, France.
Customer Reviews
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and post it to your social network
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text:
SpaceX Capsule Arrives At Space StationAfter an early morning launch on Monday, SpaceX cargo capsule has arrived at the International Space Station with a new docking port needed for future rocket ships.
SpaceX Rocket Blasts Off On Supply RunTwin sonic booms rocked the Space Coast early Monday as a SpaceX rocket blasted off and it's leftover first-stage booster made a successful vertical landing at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
SpaceX Takes Another Shot At Launching Station Docking PortSpaceX is taking another shot Monday at launching a critical space station docking port for astronauts.
SpaceX's 4th Recovered Rocket Arrives Leaning On BargeCall it the Leaning Tower of SpaceX.
SpaceX Chief Elon Musk Predicts People On Mars In 9 YearsSpaceX CEO Elon Musk says if things go according to plan people will be on Mars just nine years from now.
SpaceX Lands Another Rocket After Satellite DeliveryX marks the spot for another one of Elon Musk's rockets after it landed safely on Friday.
SpaceX Lands Rocket At Sea 2nd Time After Satellite LaunchAerospace upstart SpaceX has successfully landed a rocket on an ocean platform on Friday for the second month in a row.
SpaceX Back In Delivery Business With Futuristic Pop-Up RoomSpaceX is back in the delivery business for NASA and it already is getting more attention over its first ever inflatable room built for astronauts.
SpaceX Launches Satellite, But Fails To Land Rocket On BargeWhat goes up must come down. Unfortunately for SpaceX's latest rocket launch, that doesn't include landing.
Astronaut Wannabes Apply To NASA In Record NumberNASA won't have to look far for a few trailblazers ready to explore the final frontier of space.
SpaceX's Returned Booster Rocket Back In HangarSpaceX's booster rocket, the Falcon, is back in its nest following a historic landing.
SpaceX Successfully Lands Booster At Cape CanaveralIt was a one-two punch for SpaceX on its first mission since an accident last summer.


text:
Call our experts: 888.808.FINE
Fall Wedding Favorites Save 15% off The Spotted Olive Products | Code: SpottedOlive15
Select a quantity and printing method. Changes are easily made later.
This flat card is white with green stripes along the bottom and a soccer ball at the top. Colors in the design on the card include: black, white and green. White envelopes are included.


text:
Our training provides innovative strategies and practical ideas to support literacy, tailored to your own needs and priorities. It covers early years and frontline workers, as well as schools.
Our training for schools is designed for Literacy Subject Leaders at clusters of primary and or secondary schools and is delivered over at least two terms, to develop an evidence-based approach to improving literacy outcomes.
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Sign up to receive regular email updates on our work.Sign up now


text:
Video Source
theBRIGADE wants to show off your pictures from service
Submit your Photos here
Video Source
theBRIGADE wants to show off your pictures from service
Submit your Photos here
This guy must have been the ultimate bro when he landed back on earth.
Fuckin tibla pinko commie that would have been an American if those sneaky reds didnt hav spies in every niche of American government.
We have to give Yuri Gagarin credit. It took that embarrassment to really motivate Americans to win and ultimately dominate the space race for decades.
Interesting point is the Soviets didn't have a braking system at that time and Gagarin was ejected at 20,000 feet. Not that that negates his accomplishment. Oh, and he wasn't the fist soviet pilot to attempt…they don't mention that a lot…
Looks like someone is jealous.
There are all sorts of theorys as to why the US let the Soviets get to space first…one I found interesting was that nobody was entirely sure how the whole concept of airspace ownership/restriction would work from in space, and rather than tackle the idea themselves, they wanted to let the Soviets test the waters first.
i remember reading somewhere that the seal in yuri's suit ruptured at the wrist and the guy was actually exposed to space for a short while.
Must be one hell of a badass if that true.


text:
Hotel Eden Park, Pyrenees Atlantiques
- Free WiFi and free parking
Main amenities
- 26 smoke-free guestrooms
- Restaurant
- Outdoor pool
- Breakfast available
- Childcare
- 24-hour front desk
- Daily housekeeping
- Garden
- Front desk safe
- Laundry service
- Meeting room
- Multilingual staff
What's around
- Beaumont Park (2.6 mi / 4.2 km)
- Musee des Beaux-Arts (2.7 mi / 4.4 km)
- Palais Beaumont (2.7 mi / 4.4 km)
- Pau-Pyrenees Whitewater Stadium (2.8 mi / 4.6 km)
- Musee Bernadotte (3 mi / 4.9 km)
For families
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Babysitting or childcare
- Rollaway/extra beds available
- Sofa bed
- Kitchenette
- Microwave
Hotel Eden Park, Pyrenees Atlantiques
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $109
- Single Room
- Superior Room
- Double Room
- Family Room
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 26 rooms
- Check-in time 3 PM-midnight
- Check-out time is 2 PM
- Express check-in/out
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
- Minimum check-in age is 18
Travelling with others
- Children (12 years old and younger) stay free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding
- Babysitting/childcare
- No pets or service animals allowed
Extra people
- Roll-away beds available, charges may apply*
- Free WiFi and wired Internet access in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free self parking
Other information
- Smoke-free property
Nearby One Star Pyrenees Atlantiques hotels
In the hotel
- Buffet breakfast daily (surcharge)
- Restaurant
- Room service (during limited hours)
- Outdoor pool
- Pool umbrellas
- One meeting room
- 24-hour front desk
- Concierge services
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Multilingual staff
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Garden
- Television in common areas
- In-room accessibility
In the room
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Minibar
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Soundproofed rooms
- Sofa bed
- Sofa bed size queen
- Premium bedding
- Separate sitting area
- Furnished balcony
- Private bathroom
- Shower only
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- 26-inch LCD TV
- Satellite TV channels
- Desk
- Free newspaper
- Free WiFi
- Phone
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
- Kitchenette
- Dishwasher
- Daily housekeeping
- In-room safe (laptop compatible)
- Access via exterior corridors
Top Pyrenees Atlantiques hotels
Recently reviewed hotels in Pyrenees Atlantiques
- MajesticFrom
"The Hotel Majestic is ideal in that it is within walking distance to the train station and to the sanctuary. The rooms are clean and spacious and the free WiFi worked well. It…"Jun 16, 2016
- Au Bon CoinFrom
"Overnight stay. Excellent hotel, very quiet."Jun 13, 2016
- Hotel Chapelle et ParcFrom
"The hotel is nice in a kind of old house with big rooms. Very difficult to arrive if you have a car, because is located in the old center of the city. Which has restricted car…"Jun 12, 2016
- La Residence Au Berceau de BernadetteFrom
"The people were extremely nice. Gave us helpful information. Room very comfortable. We were delayed arriving from France because of train strike and they did not charge us for…"Jun 12, 2016
Nearby hotels
Special features
- Bicycle rentals nearby
- Golf lessons available nearby
- Golfing nearby
- Hiking/biking trails nearby
- Kayaking nearby
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- Parasailing nearby
- Rafting nearby
- Skydiving nearby
Hotel Eden Park, Pyrenees Atlantiques's small print
Also known as
- Eden Park Bizanos
- Hotel Eden Park
- Hotel Eden Park Bizanos
Only registered guests are allowed in the guestrooms.
Children under 12 years old are not allowed in the swimming pool without adult supervision.
This property does not have elevators.
The name on the credit card used at check-in to pay for incidentals must be the primary name on the guestroom reservation.
Mandatory fees
You'll be asked to pay the following charges at check in or check out:
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 0.99 per person, per night
Optional extras
Rollaway beds are available for EUR 30 per night
Buffet breakfast is offered for an extra charge of EUR 10 per person (approximately)
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Recent reviews
Excellent 4.0 /5 from 10 reviews
Hopeless service - restaurant not open Saturday or Sunday - but no advice of this - room not cleaned Sunday or services renewed - room nevertheless excellent
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


text:
Welcome to the Northwest Progressive Institute, a netroots powered strategy center working to raise America's quality of life through innovative research and imaginative advocacy. We're a think tank with the soul of a tech startup.
We research ideas and propose solutions to elected officials, opinionmakers, and the American people. We uncover the harmful consequences of right wing initiatives, particularly those sponsored by Tim Eyman. NPI is very different from most institutions – in part, that's because it's been built by activists, for activists. Our most important resources are human energy (your energy!) and the Internet – the most democratic medium for communication ever invented. We exist to organize and mobilize progressive thinkers, and give activists an outlet to make their voices heard.
RSVP for NPI's Thirteenth Anniversary Picnic
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–noun: the northwestern part of the United States, especially Washington, Oregon, and Idaho.
Pro·gres·sive (pruh-gres-iv)
–adjective: favoring or advocating progress, change, improvement, or reform, as opposed to wishing to maintain things as they are.
In·sti·tute (in-sti-toot, -tyoot)
–noun: a society or organization for carrying on a particular work, like advancing the common good and expanding freedom.
Headlines from our projects
The Benjamin Franklin Bridge at dusk in Philadelphia
Massachusetts Senator Ed Markey addresses a joint gathering of the Washington and Massachusetts DNC delegations
Embattled Democratic National Committee Chair Debbie Wasserman Schultz has announced that she will resign from her post once the Democratic National Convention has concluded, the party said in a statement today. Wasserman Schultz, who also serves in the U.S. House of Representatives, has been under fire for some time from party leaders and activ...
Krystal Ball argues that progressive activists should look at Kaine's merits as well as his flaws -- and lays out the case for why he'd make a good successor to Joe Biden
The ticket is complete: Hillary Clinton named Senator Tim Kaine of Virginia to be her running mate Friday, selecting a battleground state politician with working-class roots and a fluency in Spanish, traits that she believes can bolster her chances to defeat Donald J. Trump in November. Mrs. Clinton's choice, which she announced via text message...
Jon Stewart Takes Over Colbert's Late Show Desk (via CBS)


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Jan 20, 1970
|Filing date
|Jul 18, 1966
|Priority date
|Jul 18, 1966
|Publication number
|Lissant Kenneth J
|Original Assignee
|Petrolite Corp
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (53), Classifications (9)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
United States Patent U.S. Cl. 60-217 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An improved thixotropic hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion fuel, the hydrocarbon being present in an amount of at least 80% by volume of the emulsion, comprising, in addition to the hydrocarbon, water, emulsifying agent and an additive, or a plurality of additives, such as corrosion inhibitors, anti-freeze, biocides, anti-knock compositions, anti-icing compositions, anti-oxidants, lubricating additives, and multipurpose additives having at least two of the properties of said additives and compositions, and mixtures of at least two of said additives and compositions; and also the method of providing power by burning said fuel in a motor and utilizing the products of combustion as a source of power.
This invention in general relates to improved thixotropic emulsions.
In the following copending patent applications: S.N. 286,877 filed May 20, 1963 (relating to certain unique thixotropic emulsions) now abandoned; S.N. 302,001, filed Aug. 14, 1963 (relating in general to certain unique thixotropic hydrazine emulsions) issued as U.S. Patent No.
3,396,537 on Aug. 13, 1968; S.N. 302,177, filed Aug. 14,
1963 (relating to certain unique thixotropic jet and rocket fuel emulsions) now abandoned; and S.N. 411,103 filed Nov. 13, 1964 (relating to processes of continually preparing these unique emulsions) now abandoned; there are disclosed certain thixotropic emulsions and systems relating thereto. These patent applications are, by reference, incorporated into the present application as if part hereof.
The advantages of the emulsified fuels described in the above patent applications have been demonstrated. Among other things, it has been found that when liquid fuels are subjected to crashes or military action or exposed to firearms or other means of ignition under fire power, serious fires ,and explosions often result. However, when emulsified fuels are subjected to crashes or to firearms or other fire power, the danger from serious fires and explosions is substantially reduced or eliminated.
The unique thixotropic emulsions described herein have been amply described in the above patent applications. It should be noted that these emulsions can be prepared by any suitable emulsifying agent. Although oxyalkylates are preferred, other types of suitable emulsifiers can also be employed.
By using the means of selecting suitable emulsifiers described in the above applications, one can select and employ emulsifiers, for example, of the following types:'
(I) ANIONIC (A) Carboxylic acids:
(1) Carboxyl joined directly to the hydrophobic group (subclassification on basis of the hydrophobic group), e.g., fatty acids, soaps, rosin soaps, etc.
(2) Carboxyl joined through an intermediate linkage.
(a) Amide group as intermediate link. (b) Ester group as intermediate link. (c) Sulfonamide group as intermediate link.
(d) Miscellaneous intermediate links, ether,
SO S, etc. (B) Sulfuric esters (sulfates):
(1) Sulfate joined directly to hydrophobic group.
(a) Hydrophobic group contains no other polar structures (sulfated alcohol and sulfated olefin type).
(b) Sulfuric esters with hydrophobic groups containing other polar structures (sulfated oil type).
(2) Sulfate group joined through intermediate linkage.
(a) Ester linkage (Artic Syntex M. type).
(b) Amide linkage (Xynomine type).
(c) Ether linkage (Triton 770 type).
(d) Miscellaneous linkages (e.g., oxyalkylimidazole sulfates).
(C) Alkane sulfonic acids:
(1) Sulfonic group directly linked (a) Hydrophobic group bears other polar substituents (highly sulfated oil type). Chloro, hydroxy, acetoxy, and olefin sulfonic acids (Nytron type).
(b) Unsubstituted alkane sulfonic acids (MP 189 type: also cetane sulfo acid type).
(c) Miscellaneous sulfonic acids -of uncertain structure, e.g., oxidation products of sulfurized olefins, sulfonated rosin, etc.
(2) Sulfonic groups joined through intermediate linkage.
(a) Ester linkage.
(1) RCOO X-SO H (Igepon AP type). (2) ROOC-X-SO H (Aerosol and sulfoacetate type).
(b) Amide linkage.
(1) RCONH-X-SO H (Igepon T type). (2) RNHOC X SO H (sulfosuccinamide type).
(c) Ether linkage (Triton 720 type).
(d) Miscellaneous linkages and two or more linkages.
(D) Alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids:
(1) Hydrophobic group joined directly tosulfonated aromatic nucleus (subclasses on basis of nature of hydrophobic group. Alkyl phenols, terpene, and rosin-aromatic condensates, alkyl aromatic ketones, etc.).
(2) Hydrophobic group joined to sulfonated aromatic nucleus through an intermediate linkage.
(a) Ester linkage (sulfophthalates, sulfobenzoates).
(b) Amide and imide linkages.
(1) R-CONH-ArSO H type. (2) Sulfobenzarnide type.
(c) Ether linkage (alkyl phenyl ether type).
(d) Heterocyclic linkage (Ultravon type, etc.).
(e) Miscellaneous and two or more links.
(E) Miscellaneous anionic hydrophilie groups:
(1) Phosphates and phosphonic acids.
(2) Persulfates, thiosulfates, etc.
(3) Sulfonamides.
(4) Sulfamic acids, etc.
(II) CATIONIC r v p (A) Amine salts (prlmary, secondary, and tertiary 3 (2) Amino group joined through an intermediate link.
(a) Ester link. (b) Amide link. (c) Ether link. (d) Miscellaneous links. (B) Quaternary ammonium compounds:
(1) Nitrogen joined directly to hydrophilic group. (2) Nitrogen joined through an intermediate link.
(a) Ester link. (b) Amide link. Ether link. ((1) Miscellaneous links. (C) Other nitrogenous bases:
(1) Non-quaternary bases (classified as guanidine,
thi-uronium salts, etc.). (2) Quaternary bases. (D) Non-nitrogenous bases.
(1) Phosphonium compounds. (2) Sulfonium compounds, etc.
(III) NON-IONIC (A) Ether linkage to solubilizing groups. (B) Ester linkage.
(C) Amide linkage.
(D) Miscellaneous linkages.
(E) Multiple linkages.
(IV) AMPHOLYTIC (A) Amino and carboxy: (l) Non-quaternary. (2) Quaternary. (B) Amino and sulfuric ester: (1) Non-quaternary. (2) Quaternary. (C) Amine and alkane sulfonic acid. (D) Amine and aromatic sulfonic acid. (E) Miscellaneous combinations of basic and acidic groups.
In employing these thixotropic emulsions, certain problems are often encountered. For example, the lower limit of the temperature stability of'these emulsions is usually the freezing point of the external phase. Thus, where emulsified fuels are employed and subjected to temperatures below freezing, it is desirable to incorporate therein certain antifreeze additives, for example, alcohols, ketones, glycols, etc. such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, etc., alkylene glycols, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, etc., ketones such as acetone, etc.
I have unexpectedly found that large amounts of water can be replaced with anti-freeze compounds without affecting the stability or rheological properties of the emulsions. For example, 50% or more of the Water can be replaced by methyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, etc., without affecting its properties. The amount of anti-freeze additive employed can vary widely depending on the additive of the system, the temperature of operation, etc., 1% or more of the water, for example from 575% of the Water, such as from to 70%, but preferably from to 60%.
It should be noted that when anti-freeze compounds are employed, despite the fact that extremely small percentages of water are present, one unexpectedly obtains excellent emulsions so that the non-combustible part of the emulsion is extremely small. Thus, most of the emulsion is combusted during burning.
The presence of water in the fuel poses certain problems in respect to corrosion, particularly as to ferrous metals. Thus, it is advantageous to employ a corrosion inhibitor which is soluble in either or both the oily or the non-oily phase. Thus, oil-soluble and/or water soluble corrosion inhibitors can be employed.
I have found that problems in corrosion can be solved by the addition of suitable corrosion inhibitors. Any suitable corrosion inhibitor can be employed, for example, those of the film-forming or the non-film-forming type. In
4 practice, the film-forming type of corrosion inhibitor is preferred in most instances and therefore it will be more 'fully discussed.
In general, film-forming organic corrosion inhibitors are generally heteropolar, for example, cationic or anionic in nature. The most Widely used type of film-forming corrosion inhibitor is the cationic type, which is generally a comparatively high molar organic compound containing one or more basic nitrogen atoms.
Anionic film-forming inhibitors contain hydrophobic groups, which have generally large hydrocarbon radicals, and acid groups. In general, they are used as the free acid or as salts thereof, for example as alkali or alkaline earth metal, ammonium or amine, etc. salts, for example as the sodium, potassium, calcium, ammonia, amine, etc. salts.
In general, assuming a monomolecular layer, the more effective film-forming corrosion inhibitors are those which cover the largest area per molecule and form the most coherent and oriented film.
Typical, but non-limiting examples, of film-forming corrosion inhibitors are presented below.
NITROGEN BASES A wide variety of these compounds are known to be film-forming corrosion inhibitors, The following are a few non-limiting examples:
(1) Oxazolines (U.S. Patent 2,587,955)
(2) Tetrahydropyrimides (U.S. Patent 2,640,029)
(3) Imidazolenes (Re. 23,227)
(4) Pyrrolinedinone (U.S. Patent 2,466,530)
(5) Amino amides (U.S. Patents 2,550,582 and 2,598,-
(6) Quaternary amines (U.S. Patent 2,659,693)
(7) Monoamines, such as Rosin Amine (Oil Gas Journal 46, No. 31, 91-6 (1946)), Oxyalkylated Rosin Amine (U.S. Patent 2,564,749), Rosin Amine-i-solubilizing agent (U.S. Patents 2,564,757 and 2,564,753).
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS A wide variety of these compounds are known to be film-forming corrosion inhibitors. The following are nonlimiting examples:
(1) Naphthenic acids (2) Dimerized unsaturated fatty acids (U.S. Patent (3) Fatty acids, such as ricinoleic acid (U.S. Patents 2,481,372 and 2,507,401)
(4) Alkenyl succinic acids (British Patent 576,089)
(5) Alkenyl succinic acid amine reaction products (U.S. Patents 2,604,451, 2,568,876, 2,540,800, 2,638,449, 2,638,450, and 2,682,489)
(6) Phthalamic acids (U.S. Patent 2,408,102)
(7) Monoesters and amides of dicarboxylic acids (U.S.
Patent 2,408,102)
(8) Acid-esters, for example, sorbitanmonooleate and fatty acid partial esters of pentaerythritol (U.S. Patents 2,479,424 and 2,574,954)
(9) Sorbitan and pentaerythritol (U.S. Patent 2,580,036) Acid-ester and amine salts of fatty acids (U.S. Patents 2,564,422 and 2,564,423)
( 10) Acids from oxidized paraffin vwax (ll) Dimerized and polymerized unsaturated fatty acids (U.S. Patents 2,632,709, 2,627,474, 2,631,979)
(12) Amides of amino acids such as the sarcosines for example (U.S. Patents 2,430,951 and R fatty hydrocarbon group R'zH, lower alkyl SULFONIC ACIDS A wide variety of these compounds are known to be film-forming corrosion inhibitors. The following are a few non-limiting examples:
(1) Mahogany sulfonates and salts thereof (US. Patents 2,533,301, 2,533,302, 2,533,303, 2,533,304, 2,594,266, 2,511,250, 2,598,725, 2,499,710, 2,509,786, 2,582,733)
(2) Synthetic alkyl aryl-sulfonates (US. Patents 2,562,845 and 2,546,552)
MISCELLANEOUS CORROSION INHIBITORS A Wide variety of other compounds are known to be film-forming corrosion inhibitors. The following are a few non-limiting examples:
(1) Acid-esters of phosphoric and thiophosphoric acids.
(2) Substituted ureas and thioureas.
(3) Propargyl compounds, for example propargyl alcohol, sulfide, etc.
These corrosion inhibitors are employed in concentrations which are effective for that particular system.
The imidazolines are a member of the cyclic amidine family of compounds and are prepared in the manner described in Reissue 23,227, U8. Patent 2,468,163, and elsewhere.
They may be described, for example, as follows:
--GnH2nN \ITT 11 -011 and wherein n: is, for example, the numeral 1 to 6 and R is hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon, etc., radical.
In the simplest case, the group R may be directly attached to the l-nitrogen atom of the ring, as follows:
\NCH2 R! The particularly outstanding corrosion-preventive reagents result when the cyclic amidine contains basic nitrogen groups in addition to those inherently present in the etc.
imidazoline ring. In general, compounds of this type which are effective are those in which the basic nitrogen group is contained in the radical D in the above formula.
In this case the products may be represented by the formula N-CHz N-CH2 where R and R are hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical, and in which at least one of the groups R and R is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group containing from 8 to 32 carbon atoms; and Y is a divalent organic radical containing amino groups. The group R may be, and usually is, an amino nitrogen substituent. Examples of organic radicals which YR' may represent are Where R and R have their previous significance.
Of this class of reagents in which an amino group occurs as a portion of the l-nitrogen substituent, those which are derived, at least theoretically, from the polyethylene polyamines appear to be particularly effective as corrosion inhibitors. These have the general formula where R and R have their previous meanings, and m is a small number, usually less than 6. Amides of these imidazolines are also effective.
Imidazolines have been described in Re. 23,227. A typical claim is as follows:
A process for preventing corrosion of metals, comprising the step of applying to such metals a substituted imidazoline selected from the class consisting of in which D represents a divalent, non-amino organic radical containing less than 25 carbon atoms, composed of elements from the group consisting of C, H, O, and N; D represents a divalent, organic radical containing less than 25 carbon atoms, composed of elements from the group consisting of C, H, O and N; D represents a divalent organic radical containing less than 25 carbon atoms, composed of elements from the group consisting of C, H, O and N, and containing at least one amino group; R is a member of the class consisting of hydrogen and aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radicals; with the proviso that at least one occurrence of R contains 8 to 32 carbon atoms; and B is a member of the class consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals having not over 2 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least three occurrences of B be hydrogen.
Tetrahydropyrimidines have been described in US. Patent 2,640,028 where a typical claim is as follows:
A process for preventing corrosion of metals including the step of applying to such metals a substituted tetrahydropyrimidine of the formula type:
NOB2 RC CB2 NOB 1') where D is a member of the class consisting of D'-R and R D represents a divalent organic radical containing less than 25 carbon atoms, composed of elements from the group consisting of C, H, O and N; R is a member of the class consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbon radicals, with the proviso that at least one occurrence of R contains from 8 to 32 carbon atoms; B is a member of the class consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbon radicals containing less than 7 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least three occurrences of B be hydrogen.
In general, the preferred embodiments of film-forming corrosion inhibitors are of the type of cyclic amidines described above and acylated alkylene polyamines of the type described in U.S. Patent 2,598,213 which are by reference incorporated in the present application.
The amount of corrosion inhibitor employed herein can vary widely depending on the particular system, the particular corrosion inhibitor, the conditions under which it is employed, etc. The amount of corrosion inhibitor can range, for example, from about 1 ppm. or more, such as from about 50,000 or more ppm, for example from about 540,000 p.p.m. but preferably from about to 1,000 ppm.
Other problems are also encountered in fuel systems. For example, hydrocarbon emulsion systems are subjected to the growth of bacteria, algae and other biological systems which results, among other things, in increased corrosion and in the plugging of lines and filter elements.
I have discovered that biocides which are capable, of reducing such growth can be incorporated into the emulsions in sufficient amounts to'aiford biocidal protection, for example, in amounts of about (Ll-20,000 or more parts per million (p.p.m.) of emulsion, such as about O.5-10,000 p.p.m. such as 101,00() ppm. but preferably 1-500 ppm. Of course, the optimum amount will depend on many factors such as the particular system, the particular additive, etc.
The following are non-limiting representative examples of biocidal agents.
In general, quaternary amino compounds are employed in the preferred embodiment of my invention. The following is a list of quaternary biocides.
(l) The coco-dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride type which is also referred to as benzalkonium chloride, for example those sold under the Zephiran, Roccal, BTC Ammonyx T and Bional trademarks.
(2) Hyamine 1622 (Rohm & Haas Co.) type for example tert-octyl-Q-OCzI-DOCzHqllUCHghCl (3) Emulsept (Emulsol Corp.) type, for example frequently referred to as N(acylcolaminooformylmethyl) pyridinium chloride.
(4) Lauryl and other long-chain alkylpyridinium chlorides.
and its analogs.
(11) Quaternary ammonium compounds in which the N atom bears the usual long chain and also a phenoxyethyl groups; the typical structure is RN(CH 2- 01 The phenoxyethyl group has also been used as a nitrogen substituent in compounds of the Hyamine type.
021140 GET-I (12) Compounds in which the benzhydryl ether group is used, a nitrogen substituent such as where R is a C to C straight-chain alkyl group.
(13) The m-rnenaphthyl type for example -CH:III (CHahCl (14) Alpha-substituted benzylamines quaternized with cyclic or acyclic substituents, for example R-CHCH4CH3 CH3-N.SO4OI13 where R has the usual significance. The morpholinium ring may be replaced by a piperidine ring.
(15 Aromatic amines substituted by an alkoxymethyl group.
nmcm-Q-Nrcnms 040113 This compound is made by reacting dimethylaniline with formaldehyde and converting the resulting p-dimethylamiuobenzyl alcohol to its dodecyl ether via sodium and dodecyl bromide. It is then quaternized with methyl sulfate.
(16) Quaternary nitrogen compounds in which one of the N-substituents is a thenyl group.
(17) Bis-quaternary compounds prepared by adding 2 moles of a tertiary amine to butadiene bis-chlorohydrin.
9 (18) The thiuronium analogs of the Hyamine 1622 type for example (19) Quaternized picolinic acid esters of long-chain fatty alcohols. The quaternizing agent is methyl sulfate or methyl p-toluenesulfonate.
(20) Alkoxybenzylpyridinium chlorides tert-octyl 01 and the analogous where R is a short alkyl group.
(21) Bis quaternary compounds prepared from 2 moles of RN(CH and 1 mole of a Xylylene dihalide. (22) Quaternized pyridinesulfonamides, prepared by the following series of reactions SOaH S0201 C? 8. S02NHR SOINHR where R is a long alkyl chain, R is a short alkyl group such as methyl, and a is an anion such as Cl, Br, SO CH etc.
(2.3) N-alkylnicotinamides CONH,
and the analogous series where a and b represent short alkyl groups or a cyclic structure, and X represents a halide ion.
(24) Quinolyloxyalkylammonium halides, corresponding to the phenoxyalkylammonium halides, the key substituents on the N atom being a long alkyl chain and the quinolyloxyalkyl group in which the quinoline nucleus is substituted by halogens.
(25) m-, and p-dodecylanisidines quaternized with methyl or ethyl sulfate. The cetyl analogs may also be employed.
(26) The phenoxypropyl compounds typified by the products:
made by reacting an alkylphenol with epicolorohydrin and triethylamine.
Similar phenoxyethyl compounds:
-0 CHzCHzNRMe-Br where R is an alkyl group containing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18 carbon atoms and X is one or two chlorine atoms or isopropyl. 1
(27) Compounds analogous to Cetab, but having one or more of the N-methyl groups replaced by cyclohexyl, hydroxycyclohexyl, or cyclopentenyl groups Rl:(CH2)2-C1 where a represents an alicyclic group.
(28) Compounds containing a ketone group in their structure, usually in one of the shorter radicals which is attached to the quaternary nitrogen. Examples are:
where R is methyl, ethyl, benzyl, etc.
(31) Sulfonamides containing a quaternary nitrogen o a aHas02NCzH4N(C2H )2-Cl 5H5 OHRCflI'Ifl (32) Long-chain carbamates containing a quaternary nitrogen a RNHCOOCzHd: Tb-Cl where a, b, and 0 may be short alkyl groups or may form a cyclic structure and an alkyl group.
(33) Compounds containing a hydroxybutynyl radical as one of the substituents on the quaternary nitrogen.
(34) Compounds of the Sapamine type in which one of the substituents on the quaternary nitrogen is the group A typical example is R o N-C 2II4N 02H. 01
2H5 CH2CONHC5I'I5 (35) A wide variety of quaternary nitrogen compounds containing two hydrophobic chains R: /a Nl R2 b (36) Long-chain guanidine hydrochloride derivatives, such as RO- NHCNH -2I-IC1 NH NHCNH (37) Tetrazoles and tetrazolium compounds.
(38) Benzotriazolium compounds particularly those having dodecyl or hexadecyl group present.
(39) Irnidazolium and imidazolinium compounds for example 1-decyl-2,3-dimethylimidazole, quaternized with benzyl chloride, the C to C derivatives being preferred. N,N'-dialkyl-Z-imino-imidazolidines and their salts having the general formula IOHCH2 RN NR where (44) Substituted pyridim'um salts having the generic formula where X is halogen, R and R are alkyl radicals of 1 to 18 carbon atoms and may be the same or difierent, and where R may occupy the 2-, 3-, or 4-position 0n the pyridine nucleus. In the preferred zfinal compounds the sum of the carbon atoms in R and R is 17 to 20. The starting point for the synthesis of these compounds is the appropriate pyridine-carboxylic acid ester, and the reactions are as follows:
oooona OHSONa (zoom-000m Na+ l r r 01130000113 RBI (by reduction of the semicarbazone with hydrazine) The corresponding piperidinium compounds may also be prepared. Higher alkylated pyridones, piperidones, thiopyridones, and their onium salts may also be employed.
(45) Compounds in which the nitrogen atom of morpholine is the quaternary cationic center, particularly the unsymmetrical dialkyl sulfates, R SO R in which the sum of R and R is in the range of 13 to 32 carbon atoms, as quaternizing agents for alkylmorpholines and other tertiary bases.
(46) Morpholine derivatives which are closely analogous to the Sapamines having the structure CHz-CHB RCONHCaHiN /O-Ol where a is benzyl may be employed.
(47) N,N-dialkylmorpholinium chlorides prepared by reacting secondary amines with bis-(Z-chloroethyl) ether may be employed. Similar synthesis of N,N-dialkylthiomorpholinium chlorides used mustard gas, bis-(Z-chloro ethyl) thioether as a starting material.
(48) Long-chain pyrrolidones and pyrrolidinium compounds, and also corresponding piperidinium derivatives from and higher primary and secondary ramines may serve as starting materials.
(49) The alkylbenzyl halides of generic formula may be employed.
These are prepared bythe chloromethylation of alkyl benzenes. These products can be reacted with simple tertiary amines to form quaternary compounds. The alkylbenzyl chlorides can also be reacted with thiourea to form lbiocidal thiuronium salts. They have been used :as the longchain groups in preparing several series of gerraicidal quaternary ammonium compounds.
If the alkylbenzyl radical is designated as R the following series have been described:
/& RnN-b-X i i Rn- Nm-N- Rn b b X and tris-compounds of the type analogous to the xylylenelinked compounds i R B-N-CH;
i III-Ra-3X may be employed.
(50) Compounds containing chaulmoogryl and hydrocarpyl groups may be employed as long chains on pyridinium and dimethylbenzylammonium groups.
(51) Combinations of a long-chain amine or quaternary ammonium cations with an anion which contributes to the biocidal action may be employed. Among the most Widely used cations are the phenolates, particularly pentachlorophenolate. Other cations include those of various polymeric carboxylic acids and of the C to C alkoxyacetic acids. The naphthenic acid salts of the long-chain quaternaries, and also the salts of phthalic or maleic acid in which one carboxyl is neutralized by a heavy metal and the other carboxyl is neutralized by the quaternary are effective.
(52) Benzoxazine derivatives, formed by reaction an alkylphenol with formaldehyde and a primary amine such as methylamine may be employed.
(53) N benzyl N dodecylspirocyclohexylethyleneimonium bromide and other compounds having the same ring structure may be employed.
(54) Compounds containing the hydroxycyclooctyl radical, e.g., benzyldimethyl(2-hydroxycyclooctyl)ammonium bromide and l-benzyl-l-(2-hydroxycycloocty1) piperidinium bromide may be employed.
(55 Cinnamyl derivatives such as may be employed. Many others may also be employed. In general, I prefer to employ bis-quaternaries, for example those of the general formula where m is a linking group for example an alkylene, alkynylene, alkenylene, alkaralkylene, alkyleneether-containing, polyalkylene ether-containing, amide-containing, etc. group; X is an anion for example halogen (Cl, Br, etc.), sulfate, sulfate ester, etc.; and represents a basic group, for example, RR'RN, such as Where the Rs are alkyl, aralkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, etc., or where is part of a cyclic structure for example in piperidine, morpholine, pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline, picoline, etc.
In addition to the diquaternaries described above, the following are representative examples thereof:
(1) (In application S.N. 149,180.):
Bis-quaternary compounds of the formula where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as alkyl and alkenyl having at least ten carbon atoms, such as 10-18, but preferably 12-14, with an optimum of 12 carbon atoms; A is an alkylene radical having, for example, from 2-10 or more carbons, but preferably 2-4 carbons; and X is a negative ion, for example, halogen, such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, or sulfate, sulfonate, etc.
(2) (In application S.N. 149,181.):
Bis-quaternary compounds of the formula where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as alkyl and alkenyl having at least 10 carbon atoms, such as 10-18, but preferably 12-14, with an optimum of 12 carbon atoms, and A is an aralkylene radical having for example from 8-30 or more carbons such as 8-20 carbons but preferably where the aralkylene group is xylylene, and X is a negative ion, for example, a halogen, such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, or sulfate, sulfonate, etc. The aralkylene radical can also be substituted for example with a hydrocarbon, a halogen, a hydroxy, etc. group.
(3) (In application S.N. 149,182.):
Bis-quaternary compounds of the formula:
(1H2 (EH3 out-1712 1 1 1411, 2x
Where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as alkyl and alkenyl having at least 10 carbon atoms, such as 10-18, but preferably 12-14, with an optimum of 12 carbon atoms, and A is an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having for example from 2-10 or more carbons but preferably 4 carbons for example alkenylene and alkinylene radicals and X is a negative ion, for example, a halogen, such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, or sulfate, sulfonate, etc.
(4) (In application S.N. 149,228.):
Bis-quaternary compounds of the formula Where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as alkyl and alkenyl having at least 10 carbon atoms, such as 10-18, but preferably 12-14, with an optimum of 12 carbon atoms, and A is an alkylene ether radical including cycloalkylene ether radicals having for example from 1-10 or more carbons such as 1-4 but preferably 2 carbons in each alkylene unit and X is a negative ion, for example, a halogen, such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, or sulfate, sulfonate, etc.
The above patent applications are by reference incorporated into the present application.
This invention has been illustrated with quaternary biocides and in its most preferred embodiment with the diquaternary biocides. For purposes of this invention the ampholytic biocides will be considered to be cationic biocides, for example (1) R NR'NHCH COOH as in the Tego series of biocides for example of the formula s rr) a Z iNHCH COOH (2) RRR"N(CH COOH, for example RN(CH (CH COOH where R is a high fatty alkyl, etc.
Other suitable biocides can also be employed.
In addition to the special problems brought about by the emulsion state of the fuel, it is often desirable to employ other additives to the emulsion, such as for example anti-knock compositions, anti-icing compositions, anti-oxidant compositions, lubricating additives, etc. Illustrative examples of such additives include the following: tetraethyl lead; tricresyl phosphate; Liquid nickel, and deicers, etc.
In certain instances, it may be desirable to employ a single multi-purpose additive, for example, to employ an additive which acts both as a corrosion inhibitor and a biocide, etc., such as for example diquaternary compounds, etc.
The following examples are presented for purposes of illustration and not of limitation.
Example 1 An emulsion prepared in the manner Example 1 of S.N. 411,103, filed Nov. 13, 19 64 was modified by replacing 400 ml. of the 1000 ml. of water in the aqueous phase with ethylene glycol as an anti-freeze compound and adding 100 ppm. of a diquaternary compound,
CH3 CH3 1 e e; e C12H25NCHzGH2O-CI12GH2NC1211252 C1 CH3 H3 as both a corrosion inhibitor and a biocide.
Thus, the emulsion contains 95% hydrocarbon, 3.46% Water, 1.54% antifreeze, 100 ppm. of one compound which acts both as a corrosion inhibitor and a biocide.
Since other emulsions were similarly prepared, to save repetitive details, other illustrative emulsions are presented in the following table.
In all of the examples and elsewhere the percentages are by volume and the percentages of water include emulsifiers. Total percentages are based on the sum of the percentages of hydrocarbon, water (including emulsifier) and anti-freeze as 100%.
It is to be noted that the percentages of water (including emulsifier) are extremely small, i.e. 12%. The antifreeze compounds enhance the emulsion in that the noncombustible fraction, i.e. water, is minimized without detracting from the properties of the emulsion since the anti-freeze compounds and emulsifiers are combustiblef Thus, the anti-freeze compounds, in essence, are more than an anti-freeze compound. They are also combustion enhancers, in that they reduce the non-combustible moiety of the emulsion without decreasing its suitability.
In practice, one attempts to employ as much hydrocarbon as possible and as little of the other components and additives as possible consistent with obtaining optimum emulsion properties. Thus, in preparing the emulsion one generally attempts to employ as high a percentage of hydrocarbon as possible, i.e., 95% or greater, preferably 97% or greater, but preferably 98% or greater, approaching 99+% hydrocarbon. This is achieved by Thus, examples of emulsions include those in the following ranges:
1 Note the corrosion inhibitor and biocide may constitute the same compound.
As is quite evident, new additives including corrosion inhibitors, anti-freeze compounds, biocides, etc. will be constantly developed which could be useful in this invention. It is, therefore, not only impossible to attempt a comprehensive catalogue of such additives, but to attempt to describe the invention in its broader aspects in terms of specific chemical names used would be too voluminous and unnecessary since one skilled in the art could by following the description of the invention herein select a useful additive. This invention lies in the use of a suitable additive and its individual composition is important only in the sense that its properties can affect its proper function. To precisely define each specific useful additive in light of the present disclosure would merely call for knowledge within the skill of the art in a manner analogous to a mechanical engineer who prescribes in the construction of a machine the proper materials and the proper dimensions thereof. From the description in this specification and with the knowledge of one skilled in the art one will know or deduce with confidence the applicability or a specific additive suitable for this invention by applying them herein. In analogy to the case of a machine, wherein the use of certain materials of construction or dimensions of parts would lead to no practical useful result, various materials will be rejected as inapplicable where others would be operative. One would obviously assume that no one will wish to use a useless additive nor will be misled because it is possible to misapply the teachings of the present disclosure to do so. Thus, any additive that can perform the functions stated herein can be employed.
Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to obtain by Letters Patent is:
1. A thixotropic hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion fuel comprising (1) water, (2) an emulsifiable hydrocarbon, (3) an emulsifying agent, and (4) an additive selected from the group consisting of corrosion inhibitor additives, anti-freeze additives, biocidal protective additives, anti-knock compositions, anti-icing compositions, antioxidant compositions, lubricating additives, multi-purpose additives having at least two of the properties of said employing the anti-freeze compound. respective additives and compositions, and mixtures of TABLE I Hydrocarbon Anti-Freeze Compound Corrosion Inhibitor Bioelde Water Other additions, Ex. Type Percent percent Type Percent Type P.p.m. Type P.p.m. type 2 J P-4 97. 5 1. 50 Ethylglycol. 1.00 In11dazo1ine 100 3 Gasoline..- 98.0 1.75 Methanol Tetraethyllcad,
commercial amounts. 97.8 1.20 Ethylene glycol- 1.00 Dlquaternary 100 97. B 1. 20 do 1.00 Diquaternary 2 100 TOP, commercial amounts.
98.2 1.25 do 0.55 Dlquaternary 200 Phillips anticer,
commercial amounts.
1 N-CH 2 CH3 H3 r e e e R-C C 2Hg5NCHzCHgO 0 Hz CHzIITC 121125101 I;T H: H; CH3
R:C1a fatty acid derived.
acts as both a corrosion inhibitor and a biocide.
at least two of said additives and compositions, said hydrocarbon being present in said emulsion fuel in an amount of at least 80% hydrocarbon by volume of the emulsion, said emulsion having the characteristics of a solid fuel when at rest and the characteristics of a liquid fuel when a force is exerted on it, said emulsion tending to be non-adhesive, said emulsion having a critical shear point sufiicient to permit pumping at high rates, and said emulsion having an apparent rest viscosity greater than about 1000- cps.
2. The thixotropic hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion fuel of claim 1 wherein the additive is an anti-freeze additive.
3. The thixotropic hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion fuel of claim 1 wherein the additive is a corrosion inhibitor additive.
4. The thixotropic hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion fuel of claim 1 wherein the additive is a biocidal protective additive.
5. The thixotropic hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion fuel of claim 1 wherein the additive is a mixture of an antifreeze additive, a corrosion inhibitor additive, and a biocidal protective additive.
6. The method of providing power comprising burning the fuel of claim 1 in a motor and utilizing the products of combustion as a source of power.
7. The method of providing power comprising burning the fuel of claim 2 in a motor and utilizing the products of combustion as a source of power.
-8. The method of providing power comprising burning the fuel of claim 3 in a motor and utilizing the products of combustion as a source of power.
9. The method of providing power comprising burning the fuel of claim 4 in a motor and utilizing the products of combustion as a source of power.
10. The method of providing power comprising burning the fuel of claim 5 in a motor and utilizing the prod' nets of combustion as a source of power.
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|Jan 11, 1977
|Wenzel Edward C
|Clear and stable liquid fuel compositions for internal combustion engines
|Dec 1, 1976
|Apr 11, 1978
|Fuel Systems, Inc.
|Clear and stable liquid fuel compositions for internal combustion engines
|Jun 30, 1980
|Feb 16, 1982
|Berol Kemi A.B.
|Hydrocarbon oils containing 1 to 10 percent emulsified water and emulsifiers therefor
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|Oct 18, 1983
|Parkinson Harold B
|Hydrocarbon fuel composition
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|Petroleum Fermentations N.V.
|Combustion of viscous hydrocarbons
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|Bioemulsifier stabilized hydrocarbosols
|Sep 6, 1989
|Jul 2, 1991
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|Method of oil well corrosion inhibition via emulsions and emulsions therefore
|Oct 8, 1992
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|Enhanced lubricity fuel oil emulsions
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|Sep 6, 1994
|Nalco Fuel Tech
|Reducing nitrogen oxides emissions by dual fuel firing of a turbine
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|Mar 21, 1994
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|Nalco Fuel Tech
|Enhanced lubricity diesel fuel emulsions for reduction of nitrogen oxides
|Nov 9, 1995
|May 19, 1998
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Methods and emulsions for inhibition of oil well corrosion
|Dec 11, 1997
|Mar 23, 1999
|Makoto Minamidate
|Condensed emulsion fuel material and emulsion fuel
|Nov 15, 1995
|Nov 2, 1999
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|High internal phase emusions and porous materials prepared therefrom
|Aug 12, 1997
|Jun 20, 2000
|The Babcock & Wilcox Company
|Retardation of dispersion of bitumen-in-water emulsions
|Nov 18, 1998
|Nov 14, 2000
|The Dow Chemical Company
|High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) and foams made therefrom
|Jan 15, 1998
|Aug 28, 2001
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|Fuel/water emulsions
|Apr 4, 1994
|Oct 16, 2001
|Rudolf W. Gunnerman
|Aqueous fuel for internal combustion engine and method of preparing
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|Oct 16, 2001
|The Dow Chemical Company
|High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) and foams made therefrom
|Aug 29, 2000
|Sep 7, 2004
|Clean Fuel Technology, Inc.
|Aqueous fuel formulation for reduced deposit formation on engine system components
|Jun 26, 2001
|Jul 5, 2005
|The Lubrizol Corporation
|Amino alkylphenol emulsifiers for an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel
|Feb 21, 2003
|Oct 9, 2007
|Colt Engineering Corporation
|Method for converting heavy oil residuum to a useful fuel
|Jan 31, 2005
|Jan 1, 2008
|Aaa Commerce Worldwide, Inc.
|Anti-detonation additive, and fuel provided therewith
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|Mar 11, 2008
|Diamond Qc Technologies Inc.
|Flue gas injection for heavy oil recovery
|Jul 1, 1998
|Jan 12, 2010
|Clean Fuels Technology, Inc.
|High stability fuel compositions
|Feb 6, 2007
|Aug 10, 2010
|Diamond Qc Technologies Inc.
|Carbon dioxide enriched flue gas injection for hydrocarbon recovery
|May 7, 2013
|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army
|Hypergolic liquid or gel fuel mixtures
|Aug 10, 2009
|May 6, 2014
|Petroleo Brasileiro S.A.—Petrobras
|Diesel cycle fuel compositions containing dianhydrohexitols and related products
|Nov 20, 2012
|Sep 29, 2015
|Saudi Arabian Oil Company
|Dual-phase acid-based fracturing composition with corrosion inhibitors and method of use thereof
|Jun 26, 2001
|Feb 21, 2002
|Filippini Brian B.
|Amino alkylphenol emulsifiers for an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel
|Feb 21, 2003
|Jul 17, 2003
|Colt Engineering Corporation
|Method for converting heavy oil residuum to a useful fuel
|Jan 31, 2005
|Aug 3, 2006
|Leonid Shvartsman
|Anti-detonation additive, and fuel provided therewith
|Apr 28, 2005
|Nov 2, 2006
|Steve Kresnyak
|Flue gas injection for heavy oil recovery
|Feb 6, 2007
|Sep 20, 2007
|Diamond Qc Technologies Inc.
|Carbon dioxide enriched flue gas injection for hydrocarbon recovery
|Dec 20, 2006
|Jun 26, 2008
|Diamond Qc Technologies Inc.
|Multiple polydispersed fuel emulsion
|Sep 17, 2007
|Jul 31, 2008
|Leonid Schvartsman
|Anti-detonation additive, and fuel provided therewith
|Dec 18, 2007
|Feb 25, 2010
|Diamond Qc Technologies Inc.
|Polydispersed composite emulsions
|Mar 18, 2010
|Petr�leo Brasileiro S.A.-Petrobras
|Diesel cycle fuel compositions containing dianhydrohexitols and related products
|Nov 20, 2012
|May 23, 2013
|Saudi Arabian Oil Company
|Dual-Phase Acid-Based Fracturing Composition With Corrosion Inhibitors and Method of Use Thereof
|Oct 20, 1994
|May 14, 1996
|Gunnerman Rudolf W
|Aqueous fuel for internal combustion engine and method of combustion
|May 23, 1995
|Dec 12, 2000
|Petroferm Inc.
|Pre-atomized fuels and process for producing same
|Apr 22, 1992
|Nov 12, 1992
|Nalco Fuel Tech
|Process for reducing nitrogen oxides emissions and improving the combustion efficiency of a turbine
|Oct 14, 1993
|Apr 28, 1994
|Nalco Fuel Tech
|Process and composition for adjusting the optimum effluent temperature of a nitrogen oxides reducing treatment agent
|Jun 11, 2002
|Jan 9, 2003
|The Lubrizol Corporation
|Amino alkylphenol emulsifiers for an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel
|Jun 11, 2002
|Aug 21, 2003
|Lubrizol Corp
|Amino alkylphenol emulsifiers for an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel
|Aug 1, 2006
|Feb 7, 2008
|Aaa Commerce Worldwide, Inc.
|Fuel, and additive therefor
|Nov 20, 2012
|May 30, 2013
|Saudi Arabian Oil Company
|Dual-phase acid-based fracturing composition with corrosion inhibitors and method of use thereof
|U.S. Classification
|60/217, 149/108.8, 44/301
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text:
Women's Swimming
Feb. 18, 2007
SAN ANTONIO, Texas - The University of San Diego wrapped up the Western Athletic Conference swimming and diving championship meet Saturday afternoon. The Toreros finished in day three in seventh place with an overall score of 172 points.
Erin Voyles finished the third day with a team high fifth place in the 200 yard freestyle event with a time of 1:52.97 earning USD 14 points. Meghan Peter took sixth place in her 100 yard breaststroke event with a time of 1:05.97 taking 13 points. Kristen Yoon finished the 100 yard backstroke in a time of 58.73 for seventh place earning 12 points. While Joy Miller took ninth place in the 100 yard butterfly event with a time of 57.85 earning nine points for USD.
In the 400 yard medley relay event (Yoon, Peter, Miller, and Tina Levesque), San Diego's "A" squad took seventh place overall as the group earned 24 points in a time of 3:56.80.
On the final day of the meet, Peter tallied a fourth place finish in the 200 yard breaststroke in a time of 2:22.02 earning 15 individual points. Yoon captured an eighth place finish in the 200 backstroke with a time of 2:07.85. Miller also took an eighth place finish in her 200 yard butterfly event with a time of 2:08.46. Sarah Gleason swam her way to an 11th place finish in the 1650 yard freestyle in a time of 17.36.39.
In the 400 yard freestyle relay, the USD "A" squad (Peter, Levesque, Voyles, and Yoon) took sixth place earning 3:31.26 and capturing 26 overall points.
The Toreros finished in seventh place in the WAC swimming and diving championship earning a total of 245 points to wrap up their 2006-07 season.
Meet the Toreros: Jose Martinez
6'10" freshman forward from Cayey, Puerto Rico.
Meet the Toreros: Frank Ryder
6'10" freshman forward from Boulder, Colo.
2015-16 Highlight Video
All the top plays from 2015-16
Jordan Angus - Male Torero of the Year
Angus reflects on his time at USD
Malina Hood - Female Torero of the Year
Malina Hood looks back at her USD career
NCAA Tournament Preview
San Diego faces Vanderbilt in first round
2016 Celebration of Excellence
Behind the Scenes at the COE
Toreros Participate in Linda Vista Parade
Toreros Participate in Linda Vista Parade
Men's Tennis senior Day
The Toreros host LMU and Pepperdine Saturday and Sunday
Softball WCC Preview
The Toreros host Saint Mary's Saturday and Sunday
2016 San Diego Crew Classic
The Toreros show speed against the nation's top crews
The Torero Baseball Experience
Kris Bryant & Brian Matusz reflect on their time at USD
MBB Senior Night
Jito Kok and Duda Sanadze prepare for the final home game
USD Baseball Season Preview
Season starts at No. 3 Vanderbilt February 19
USD Softball Season Preview
Season starts February 12
UCLA Preview
USD travels to No. 9 UCLA Friday
Toreros Host Kentucky Saturday
USD looks to defend home court against No. 22 Kentucky
Toreros Host Pepperdine & LMU
USD returns home after four-game road trip
Toreros Team Up with PYBL
Men's Basketball hosts annual clinic for Challenged Division
Men's Tennis 2016
USD opens at home vs UC Irvine and UCSD Saturday
BYU Preview
Preview of USD women's basketball WCC opener vs. BYU.
City Championship Highlights
Relive the Toreros' Upset over SDSU at Petco Park
Toreros to Host Hope International
The 9-1 Toreros will host Hope International in their final game before WCC play
Toreros Stun Aztecs at Petco
Postgame reaction and press conferences
Toreros Return Home
USD will host Bethesda before Sunday's City Championship at Petco Park
Men's Basketball Season Tickets
Starting as Low as $99
Butler Preview
Pono Keni and Coach Lindsey talk about Saturday's Senior Day game against Butler
CSUN Preview
Coach Fisher and forward Maya Hood talk about Tuesday's home-opener against CSUN
USC Preview
Coach Smith and Brett Bailey preview the season opener at USC
Davidson Preview
Jonah Hodges and Dale Lindsey talk about Jonah's return and preview Davidson game
San Diego Fall Classic Preview
Coach Dagman previews the San Diego Fall Classic
Nevada Preview
USD's Women's Basketball team will start their season at Nevada this weekend
USD Men's Basketball - The Origins (1955-1973)
A Glance at the Beginnings of Torero Hoops
Campbell Preview
Coach Lindsey and Jeff Starr preview Campbell
Stetson Preview
Coach Lindsey and Jereke Armstrong talk about the season so far
WCC Media Day
Behind the scenes with Men's and Women's Basketball at WCC media day
Warner Recap
Dale Lindsey and Anthony Lawrence on USD's 45-14 win
Warner Preview
Anthony Lawrence and Coach Lindsey preview game vs. Warner
Torero Community Service
USD Athletics helps out at Father Joe's Village in downtown San Diego
Men's Basketball Camp Update
Kok and Carter talk about the upcoming season
Drake Preview
Toreros host Bulldogs for Homecoming game
Dayton Preview
Toreros look for 4th straight win
LMU Preview
Pack the Stadium Night
ITA All-American's Preview
Petronijevic, Angus, & Vittek Prepare
Marist Preview
USD Looks to Extend Home Win Streak
Valparaiso Preview
Toreros First True Road Game of 2015
CSUN and UCSB Preview
Toreros Look to Extend Win Streak
Aztec Invite Recap
Both Squads Finish Second
SDSU Preview
Toreros Take on Cross-town Rival
WNMU Recap
Highlights from 45-21 win
2015 Home Opener
Previewing Western New Mexico
Volleyball Tournament Preview
A preview of the USD Tournament
Men's Soccer Season Opener
Previewing No. 16 Cal
Training Camp Update
Coach Lindsey Recaps the First Two Weeks
2015 WSOC Preview
A brief preview of the 2015 Toreros.


text:
Scurvy: How a Surgeon, a Mariner, and a Gentleman Solved the Greatest Medical Mystery of the Age of Sailby Stephen R. Bown, Dan Cashman
Scurvy took a terrible toll in the Age of Sail, killing more sailors than were lost in all sea battles combined. The threat of the disease kept ships close to home and doomed those vessels that ventured too far from port. The willful ignorance of the royal medical elite, who endorsed ludicrous medical theories based on speculative research while ignoring the life-saving properties of citrus fruit, cost tens of thousands of lives and altered the course of many battles at sea. The cure for scurvy ranks among the greatest of human accomplishments, yet its impact on history has, until now, been largely ignored.
From the earliest recorded appearance of the disease in the sixteenth century, to the eighteenth century, where a man had only half a chance of surviving the scourge, to the early nineteenth century, when the British conquered scurvy and successfully blockaded the French and defeated Napoleon, Scurvy is a medical detective story for the ages, the fascinating true story of how James Lind (the surgeon), James Cook (the mariner), and Gilbert Blane (the gentleman) worked separately to eliminate the dreaded affliction.
Scurvy is an evocative journey back to the era of wooden ships and sails, when the disease infiltrated every aspect of seafaring life: press gangs "recruit" mariners on the way home from a late night at the pub; a terrible voyage in search of riches ends with a hobbled fleet and half the crew heaved overboard; Cook majestically travels the South Seas but suffers an unimaginable fate. Brimming with tales of ships, sailors, and baffling bureaucracy, Scurvy is a rare mix of compelling history and classic adventure story.
Editorial Reviews
Product Details
- 9781590075562
- Publisher:
- New Millennium Entertainment
- Publication date:
- 03/28/2004
- Edition description:
- Unabridged, 8 CDs, 9 hours
- Product dimensions:
- 5.75(w) x 5.00(h) x 2.00(d)
Meet the Author
Stephen R. Bown was born in Ottawa and studied history at the University of Alberta. He has long been interested in the history of exploration and the Age of Sail. A former multimedia products producer and freelance writer, Bown contributes to magazines including Alaska, Mercator's World, Beautiful British Colombia, and The Beaver. He is also the author of Sightseers and Scholars: Scientific Travellers in the Golden Age of Natural History. Bown lives in the mountains west of Calgary, Alberta with his wife and son.
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text:
Summary | Excerpt | Reading Guide | Reviews | Beyond the book | Readalikes | Genres & Themes | Author Bio
It's a mistake to rush a McDermott novel,
because in doing so you might miss the little details that make
the whole worthwhile. In After This, she
revisits the familiar ground of an Irish Catholic family living
on Long Island, this time focusing on the Keane family from the
mid 1940s up until the 1970s. By setting her books in
essentially the same location and around the same type of people
time after time, McDermott is able to bring her magnifying glass
to bear on the little details, subtly digging deep into the
psyches of her characters - focusing on the fleeting thoughts
and gestures, and the apparently trivial events, the sort that
are rarely recorded in photo albums but are the bedrock of
family life.
Although the Keane family consists of equal numbers of males and females, it feels that ...
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When it comes down to mechanical keyboards, there are a lot of options to choose from. Keyboards range from a plain mechanical-only keyboard all the way to keyboards with RGB LED lighting, multiple macro keys, USB ports, and audio ports. Switch options vary as well. …Read More »
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The Tesoro Olivant Pro is headset with a straightforward design and an exotic name. The Olivant comes in two variants, standard and Pro with the Pro featuring virtual 7.1 Surround Sound. I have never been a fan of virtual surround sounds as earlier takes on …Read More »
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ADATA Unveils Miniature USB Flash Drive the DashDrive Durable UD310
ADATA Reveals Tiny, Gem-Like USB Flash Drive – DashDrive Durable UD310 Water Resistant Data Storage in a Compact Profile ADATA Technology a leading manufacturer of high-performance DRAM modules and NAND Flash storage application products, today announces the release of the DashDrive™ Durable UD310 USB Flash …Read More »


text:
Apple launches My iTunes Widgets
Apple has launched My iTunes Widgets, small self-updating add-ons for web pages, social-networking profiles, or blogs. Described as "an effortless way to keep your friends up-to-date with your favorite music, TV shows, movies, and more," the widgets require users to sign into their iTunes account, click "Enable My iTunes," choose the size, content, and color theme of their widget, and paste the resulting code where desired. The widgets can show "My iTunes Purchases," a listing of the most recent music, music videos, TV shows, and movies purchased from the iTunes Store, "My iTunes Reviews," which lists music, music videos, TV shows, and movies rated higher than three stars, or "My iTunes Favorites," which shows the artists whose music the user has purchased the most from iTunes. My iTunes Widgets can be embedded on any Flash-enabled website; the My iTunes feed is also compatible with most common RSS or ATOM readers.
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well, that's pretty lame. How about also enabling a "what I'm currently listening to right now" feature instead of limiting it to blatant iTunes advertising?
Posted by jarofchris on August 10, 2007 at 1:10 PM (CDT)
This is for people with "friends" so good they won't ever ridicule you for your taste in music…
Posted by Bad Beaver on August 10, 2007 at 1:15 PM (CDT)
Jarofchris: because many of us only really use iTunes to manage music that goes on our iPods? Or because the feature you want would require a *lot* more data to go passing through Apple's servers?
Posted by celtic_elk on August 10, 2007 at 2:11 PM (CDT)
I would have much preferred something like an iTunes "New Releases widget, or something less stupid. I don't want to know what all I have wasted my money on on iTunes. I can remember that myself. :*(
Posted by MCW on August 10, 2007 at 2:47 PM (CDT)
@cetlic_elk: I think what jarofchris meant was blatant iTunes Music Store advertising. The widgets show mostly iTunes purchases, not your general iTunes content. If you look only at my iTunes purchases, you see a very different music collection than my total iTunes library (which is 99% ripped from CD's- which I think is true for the average iPod/iTunes user as well).
Posted by dodo on August 10, 2007 at 2:47 PM (CDT)
jarofchris, just use last.fm. it takes what you listen to itunes and it can also allow to paste it on facebook, myspace or wherever you want. this is probably why apple didn't release a widget that does this because most people use last.fm anyways.
Posted by aaron on August 10, 2007 at 3:46 PM (CDT)
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text:
(c) 2016 Midtown Girl & The Hamptons Girl Calling all Hamptons foodies! Summer seems to be flying by and before you know it, things will start closing down for the season. Continue Reading »
What's Fabulush
10 Best Midtown Restaurants For NYC Restaurant Week 2016
by Midtown Girl editorial staff If you're a foodie like MG, then it's your fav time of the year! NYC Restaurant Week 2016 runs from 7/25 – 8/19 and is exciting Continue Reading »
3 Things You Should Do This 4th of July Weekend In The Hamptons
photo: ©2016 Midtown Girl/The Hamptons Girl TRAVEL: Montauk 4th of July Fireworks. Starting at 9pm, Montauk Chamber of Commerce will launch fireworks from Umbrella Beach. FOOD: Rosé & Lobster Rolls. Head one of Continue Reading »
10 Best Restaurants In NYC With Outdoor Seating
While rooftops are a summer favorite, spring is the best time to dine al fresco in NYC. For people watching or cocktails with friends, head to one of these 10 Continue Reading »
Giveaway: 4th of July Summer Micro-Brew Gift Basket Perfect For Hamptons Soirées (21+)
Just in time for summer, GourmetGiftBaskets.com features a fabulush selection of foodie-inspired gifts perfect for delish BBQ's and as hostess gifts for those summer dinner parties in the Hamptons. Featured here is Continue Reading »
3 Things You Should Do This Weekend In NYC
photo: ©2016 Midtown Girl TRAVEL: Bourbon In The City. Make a trip to the New York City Bourbon Bash held at various locations in the Lower East Side. FOOD: Date Continue Reading »
Hamptons Decor: The Preppy Glam Home Office
image via kravet.typepad.com My home office is my fav space in my apt. Since I'm super picky about patterned decor, I still need to add a few pieces before it's offish complete Continue Reading »
3 Things You Should Do This Weekend In The Hamptons
photo: ©2016 Midtown Girl/The Hamptons Girl TRAVEL: Southampton House Tour. If you're a fan of East End architecture, sip on champs and get an "Insider's View" at the 7th Annual Southampton Continue Reading »


text:
- Position(s):
- Born:
- May 6, 1921
- Bats:
- Left
- Throws:
- Right
- Height:
- 6' 4"
- Weight:
- 210 lbs
- Major League Debut:
- 6-26-1941 with DET
Factoid 1
The $50,000 that Dick Wakefield received to sign with the Detroit Tigers in 1941, is equivalent to $500,000 in 2005 dollars.
June 21, 1941: Signed by the Detroit Tigers as an amateur free agent. December 17, 1949: Traded by the Detroit Tigers to the New York Yankees for Dick Kryhoski. April 15, 1952: Signed as a Free Agent with the New York Giants. May 19, 1952: Released by the New York Giants. Wakefield's record signing bonus was like an albatross around his neck. He was loved by Tiger fans in 1943 and 1944, when he hit well over .300 and wa sone of the best players in the league. But when he returned from militarys ervice in 1946, his struggles brought boos and catcalls. It's probable that the youngster feasted on poor World War II pitching in '43 and '44, and settled down to his talent level when the ballplayers returned after the war. After so much promise as a stud off the Ann Arbor campus, he hit .293 in 638 games, with 56 homers and 315 RBI.
- Tagged:


text:
Sounds Like: Brandy, Drake, Rihanna, Lauryn Hill, Curren$y
Bio: Tansha Nelson Also known as SHEZAMODEL OR NANA. IS a diverse model, songtress and rapper . Raised in the small island of Jamaica. Kignston was home for her for most of her years. As a child, along with her siblings, formed a music group , "we would write music and perform infront of small crowd...See Full Bio


text:
It is. This property has been available since Sept and has had a couple price reductions.
I'm happy to send you full listing information if you like. Also glad to do a showing as well. Feel free to email me and I'll send over all additional info not listed on trulia.
Gentry Todd
Please give me a call for any of your realestate needs. I have a strong background in realestate and would love to talk about your needs for a home for you and your family.
Justin Gaskill
Realestate Professional
Exit Realty The Tracey Group
If you would like to see this or any other property both me and my wife are full-time agents and would be happy to show it to you. We have lived in the area for over 25 yrs. with over 14yrs. of real estate experience!
Team Reese
Spence & Theresa Reese
Harbourtowne RE/Daniel Island SC


text:
Mitch in the Morning
Hey Bartender, How Do You Make a Dirty Sanchez?
Posted March 1st, 2013 @ 11:22am
We had to ask the closer of the Mariners, Tom Wilhelmsen how to make that drink. For the record it's:
1/3 oz Bailey's® Irish cream
1/3 oz Jose Cuervo® Especial gold tequila
1/3 oz Kahlua® coffee liqueur


text:
Using a few unmanned air drones, DARPA will use the new Multipath Exploitation Radar to create 3-D urban maps and something called a Ku-band radar, which will run at high enough frequencies to get detailed images of vehicles. The drones bounce radars off the ground and buildings and match the patterns to 3-D maps, creating a full, vivid picture of a city in motion.
DARPA will first try to create the ability to track a single vehicle before expanding the system to follow multiple targets.
This makes Jack Bauer's job easier, the "24" writers' harder and privacy advocates more perplexing and complicated than ever.
Spy in the Sky That Sees Round Corners (New Scientist via Gizmodo)


text:
On Second Thought is a one-hour, daily news talk show that airs at 9 a.m. ET weekdays.
Re-examine the shocking story of Leopold and Loeb, who murdered a 14-year-old boy in 1924. Tuesday, July 26 at 7 PM
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Baby Shower Favors
Baby Shower Favors Packaging
Baby Shower Supplies
Baby Shower Ideas & Inspiration
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(based on 1 review)
Reviewed by 1 customer
Very peetty
By Muna S
from Saudi Arabia
Comments about Beau-coup Personalized Baby Shower Metallic Foil Mason Jars:
Used as baby shower giveaway. Looked great!
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
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Add a touch of glam to your baby shower with these stylish personalized metallic foil mason jars. Each miniature jar is made of glass and comes with a coordinating lid and your choice of personalized labels. Simply input your name and event date or a special message for guests. Fill each jar with something that fits your shower theme, like brightly colored candies or loose-leaf tea. Your guests will love taking these jars home and using them again and again after enjoying the tasty treats inside. Self-sticking labels arrive on separate sheet, some minor assembly required.
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Personalized Baby Mason Jars with Flower Lids and
For a baby shower beverage almost too pretty to drink, make sure to serve up something cool and refreshing in these cute mason jars. View Product
Personalized Baby Shower Candy Jar
If you're looking for a sweet favor—and you happen to favor sweets—these charming mini candy jars are the answer! Each personalized baby shower candy jar can be filled with your choice of treats, nuts or teas. Or, set up ... View Product
Personalized Baby Shower Honey Jars
Celebrate the arrival of your sweet bundle of joy with personalized honey jars. Each jar contains 1.5 ounces of premium U.S. Grade A clover honey. Honey is kosher and parve. Personalize with two lines of text and for the ... View Product
Mini Plastic Baby Bottles
Add sweet treats to these mini plastic baby bottles and voila--you have adorable gifts for guests of all ages. Clear plastic baby bottles feature screw-on tops that are accented with your choice of blue or pink. These make wonderful ... View Product
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