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Public transportation is definitely good around campus, but there are some things that could be improved. The transit system during the day sometimes takes longer than it should and that makes it difficult to get to class if you're running late. But if you're on campus at night there are transits going off-campus or a van system on-campus that you can call and they'll come get you wherever you are and take you wherever you need. That's always convenient!
Campus Quality:
There is a place for everyone on campus. Whether you're wanting green grass to lie in, a vast quiet library open 24/7, or a great place to eat with a view of Jordan-Hare Stadium, you will find a perfect place to enjoy your day on campus however you choose to spend it.
Campus Quality:
Auburn has a mix of really old, but beautiful and newer facilities. The campus is gorgeous.
Health & Safety:
Continuous coverage by security assists in providing safety. Surveillance monitors, emergency call boxes, lighting, and are all provided. The campus is not spread out, so its easy to get from one place to another quickly. In the year I've been there, I have felt very safe.
Campus Food:
We mostly have just random places to eat instead of the traditional dinning halls.
Campus Food:
There are several food options for even the pickiest eater. But if you live on The Hill, don't eat in Terrell Dining Hall. The food sucks and the workers there are not very friendly.
Before I came here, I had heard how strict parking was and how you can never find a spot. I thought people were exaggerating, but I have experienced it first-hand. I have only been attending Auburn for a month now and I have FIVE parking tickets ($50 each) automatically billed to my e-bill. Before this, I had no tickets on my record - a clean slate. It doesn't matter if you try to park in the correct places. You can barely see any signs, and Parking Services are not understanding. I went in there crying after I received my fifth ticket (and a boot on my car) and they still made me pay for it. Good Luck finding a place anywhere around here!
Need More – There are not a lot of opportunities for financial aid that I have found. It's disappointing because college is so expensive!
The shuttles here are free of charge! They are constantly running, and they even have a shuttle each Friday that drives out to the local Walmart. They also have night shuttles for after 6pm that you can take if you can't or don't want to walk around campus at night. I, personally, find no problem walking around (I do it all the time!). There are certain people who aren't, shall I say, stable enough to walk around easily. Especially on the weekends.
Campus Food:
It's All Relative – I quite enjoy the food Auburn offers! The only thing I would add is more opportunity for healthy foods. A lot of the sandwiches that seem healthy have a TON of calories, but they are still delicious and better than getting fast food every day. I am very much satisfied with the dining here. It's not really like cafeteria food, it is more like a food court experience.
Local Area:
Feel at Home – The town of Auburn runs right across the street from campus and has several small shops and places to eat. It is easy to walk to and is great if you like the small town feel. Opelika is a ten minute drive down the road and has a small mall, movie theater, and lots of good places to eat and shop.
National Merit – I am a national merit finalist and have had no problems receiving the money from the scholarship each semester.
Too Far Away – The on-campus parking is terrible for the Quad. There are two parking decks with only one level designated for Quad residents and the overflow parking lot is on the far end of campus. The price for the permit is quite expensive, too.
Very Diverse – The school has many ethnic backgrounds among students.
Academic Excellence – Professors at Auburn make classes so much more enjoyable. They are always willing to help and explain topics further. If you utilize office hours, you will gain so much more from the class. Registration goes smoothly because you are required to visit your advisor before registering for classes. The workload is what you make of it. Auburn provides complimentary tutors and the writing center will proof your papers with you. The library and student center are popular study areas. You will even find massage therapist in the library during finals to relieve your shoulder tension.
Campus Housing:
Campus Life Is the Best Life – Living on campus Freshmen and Sophmore year is the easiest way to meet new people in college. The newest dorms available are the The Village dorms. These are apartment style and you have your own bedroom. However, the social atmosphere is better in the quad because you share a bedroom with one other person and the doors open up to the hallway. The Village is the most expensive, then the Quad, and the Hill (the oldest dorms) is the cheapest. Each has a common laundry room and kitchen. You have to walk further to the laundry room in the Quad though. Once accepted to Auburn, apply for housing immediately because it fills up very, very fast. The easiest way to get priority housing is to join a Learning Community or be a Presidential Scholar.
The work load for all science majors is more demanding than most majors. Almost all science classes require a lab which counts as one credit hour but in reality, takes 2-3 hours to complete each week. The facilities are very up to date and provide a quality work environment. The faculty members are always willing to help and are very approachable. The curriculum is demanding but very rewarding in the end.
Auburn provides central locations to print on the go. The internet connection on campus is fast and reliable. Computer labs in the library, student center, and science labs are up to date and fast. I highly recommend having personal computer for homework and writing papers. I love bringing my laptop to class to take notes.
Campus Food:
The food court on campus provides alot of options perfect for any time of day!
The onlie application process was very clear and helpful so that I was able to correctly represent myself through my applicaiton.
I Dont Regret Vet School – Professors prepare you with the tools you need for success.
Good Community – The community here is very nice, you feel at home!
The parking situation here at Auburn University has gone from bad to worse. The parking services employees are extremely rude, bitter Nazis who have nothing better to do with their time than to set-up a skewed system by which they can punish the "disobedient" students of Auburn. They doubled the price of a C Zone parking permit while simultaneously reducing the number of available spaces. Part the the reduction of the C-Zone parking was the creation the of PC (preferred commuter) parking which costs $160.00 for a parking permit if you win their lottery at all. Parking Services at Auburn has been the disgrace of this great University for many years now.
I didn't think it possible, but the college has actually gotten WORSE with the parking. Now they have a "lottery" where they say they randomly pick students to get the old C parking spots to guarantee parking there. GREAT if you happen to have a contact or are supposedly the "lucky" one to get it. If not, you are basically screwed. Really for 15,000 dollars a semester, you should be able to park at this college. This is an Epic Fail.
Off-Campus Dining:
Plenty of Options – There's every franchise you can think of in the area as well as plenty of other options. Plenty of southern food and bbq too.
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Overall, students are very happy to be in Auburn. They love the people around them and the experiences that they get to have.
College is what you make of it. If you sit at home and don't do anything, then you won't enjoy yourself no matter where you go. With all the options you have offered to you at Auburn, you have to try to not have a good time. And with a student body that is so happy to be here, it's also hard not to get swept up in the excitement. As always, it's a good idea to visit a college or university before making a final decision. Make sure you're as happy and comfortable as you can possibly be.
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New Multimedia Management Program To Debut At MACWORLD
New Multimedia Management Program To Debut At MACWORLD
by , 10:00 AM EST, December 22nd, 2000
iView is preparing to release a new multimedia file management utility at the upcoming MACWORLD SF Expo. The iView MediaPro will allow users to easily organize and manage any number of multimedia files and types, while providing a browser for easy viewing and access. According to iView:
iView Multimedia Ltd., the media managementcompany, today announced that the world's premiere professional media assetmanagement software will be shown for the first time at MacWorld, booth3240, north hall, January 9-12th.
iView MediaPro is a brand new media browser and cataloging software based onthe wildly popular iView Multimedia. MediaPro allows you to archive,organize, find, view, play, print, convert all the different types of mediafiles on your computer. MediaPro also has an awesome slideshow that can playmusic and have up to 16 photos or movies onscreen simultaneously. Beginnerscan enjoy its ease of use instantly and professionals will find its powerfulfills their needs. MediaPro is not just practical and useful but fun.
iView MediaPro is:
- Essential software for digital camera users (Sony, Olympus, Nikon, etc.)
- Essential software for PhotoShop users (the ultimate PhotoShop accessory)
- Essential software for artists
- Essential software for professionals in desktop publishing
It offers a host of new features, some of which are outlined below:
- Mac OS 9 and OS X compatible. A joy to use on any powerbook, G4 or iMac.
- MediaPro is the only media browser capable of full PDF & EPS rendering.Other import formats include HTML, Quark, Canvas, Painter, Live Picture,Freehand, PageMaker, Illustrator, GIF, JPG, TIFF, PICT, GX, BMP, Targa,EPS, fonts, sounds, movies, QuickTime VR, animation, MPEG, PNG, Photoshop,MIDI, karaoke, Electric Image, Electronic Arts, CorelDraw, ClarisWorks,AppleWorks and many others.
- Allows catalogs with up to 32,000 files and an infinite number ofcatalogs.
- Find any file by multiple criteria in a catalog or across catalogs.Gigantic archives of images on or offline are now searchable. Findinstantly which CD in your collection has that image you need. Never searchfor hours or lose an image again. Save Queries across catalogs.
- Advanced WYSIWIG printing, based on custom views and size templates.
- Fast "in-line" editing of standard annotation and user definablefields, keywords and categories, with extensive use of favorites.
iView MediaPro will be soon be available for download, and you can find more information at the iView Multimedia web site.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Now you too can cook without burning down an entire neighborhood.
Sorry, folks, all your heroes are big jerks.
There are so many annoying people out there that it's a wonder the world isn't a giant Thunderdome. However, there are some people who find the most ridiculous things rage to about.
Wouldn't it be awesome if your favorite superheroes came to life? Actually, it turns out that'd be more than a little complicated.
The prominent philosophers The Righteous Brothers once warned...
I chose to start acting when I was 5. It was my decision, and my parents tried their hardest to discourage me.
Pokemon Go is great to keep you active but, you know, watch out for these pitfalls.
Apparently, when you're rich and famous, you run out of real things to get mad about and start going ballistic over ridiculous things.
Our bodies are weird, as the farts that half of you will inadvertently release while reading this can attest to. But at least now we know why.
Warning: You'll probably be up all night trying to figure out the terrifying truth behind these mysterious crimes.
We talked to a BDSM chat room moderator, and here's what he told us about the grenade he's falling on for mankind.
There are parts of our daily lives that we just take for granted as being normal, but science proves us wrong.
There are parts of our daily lives that we just take for granted as being normal, but science proves...
Time to dispel those locker room myths.
Every election, politicians keep serving us up the same crap -- stuff that has nothing to do with their ability to lead.
[huge, huge applause, triumphant gunshots]
Exactly what kinds of dumb but disconcerting things are we teaching AI to do? Well ...
With names like Lincoln, Roosevelt, and Eisenhower coming before him, we'd probably avoid saying Trump's name also.
Watching lions have sex on National Geographic is how must of us learned anyway.
If you're a supervisor, chances are someone wants to say one or all of these to you.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jul 15, 2003
|Filing date
|Nov 19, 1999
|Priority date
|Nov 19, 1999
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Igor Zlokarnik, Daniel Lawrence Roth
|Original Assignee
|Voice Signal Technologies, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (38), Non-Patent Citations (48), Referenced by (65), Classifications (9), Legal Events (8)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to the field of speech recognition and, more particularly, to utilizing human speech for controlling voltage supplied to electrical devices, such as lights, lighting fixtures, electrical outlets, volume, or any other electrical device.
The ability to detect human speech and recognize phonemes has been the subject of a great deal of research and analysis. Human speech contains both voiced and unvoiced sounds. Voiced speech contains a set of predominant frequency components known as formant frequencies which are often used to identify a distinct sound.
Recent advances in speech recognition technology have enabled speech recognition systems to migrate from the laboratory to many services and products. Emerging markets for speech recognition systems are appliances that can be remotely controlled by voice commands. With the highest degree of consumer convenience in mind, these appliances should ideally always be actively listening for the voice commands (also called keywords) as opposed to having only a brief recognition window. It is known that analog audio input from a microphone can be digitized and processed by a micro-controller, micro-processor, micro-computer or other similar devices capable of computation. A speech recognition algorithm can be applied continuously to the digitized speech in an attempt to identify or match a speech command. Once the desired command has been found, circuitry which controls the amount of current delivered to a lighting fixture or other electrical device can be regulated in the manner appropriate for the command which has been detected.
One problem in speech recognition is to verify the occurrence of keywords in an unknown speech utterance. The main difficulty arises from the fact that the recognizer must spot a keyword embedded in other speech or sounds ("wordspotting") while at the same time reject speech that does not include any of the valid keywords. Filler models are employed to act as a sink for out-of vocabulary speech events and background sounds.
The performance measure for wordspotters is the Figure of Merit (FOM), which is the average keyword detection are over the range of 1-10 false alarms per keyword per hour. The FOM increases with the number of syllables contained in a keyword (e.g. Wilcox, L. D. and bush, M. A.: "Training aid search algorithms for an interactive wordspotting system" Proc. of ICASSP, Vol. II, pp 97-100, 1992) because more information is available for decision making. While using longer voice commands provides an easy way of boosting the performance of wordspotters, it is more convenient for users to memorize and say short commands. A speech recognition system's susceptibility to a mistaken recognition, i.e. a false alarm, generally decreases with the length of the command word. A longer voice command makes it more difficult for a user to remember the voice command vocabulary, which may have many individual words that must be spoken in a particular sequence.
Some speech recognition systems require the speaker to pause between words, which is known as "discrete dictation." The intentional use of speech pauses in wordspotting is reminiscent of the early days of automatic speech recognition (e.g. Rabiner, L. R.: "On creating reference templates for speaker-independent recognition of isolated words", IEEE Trans, vol. ASSP-26, no 1, pp. 34-42, February, 1978), where algorithmic limitations required the user to briefly pause between words. These early recognizers performed so-called isolated word-recognition that required the words to be spoken separated by pauses in order to facilitate the detection of word endpoints, i.e. the start and end of each word. One technique for detecting word endpoints is to compare the speech energy with some threshold value and identify the start of the word as the point at which the energy first exceeds the threshold value and the end as the point at which energy drops below the threshold value (e.g. Lamel, L. F. et al: "An Improved Endpoint Detector for Isolated Word Recognition", IEEE Trans., Vol. ASSP-29, pp. 777-785, August, 1981). Once the endpoints are determined, only that part of the input that corresponds to speech is used during the pattern classification process. In this prior art technique, the pause is not analyzed and therefore is not used in the pattern classification process.
Speech Recognition systems include those based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), and Hidden Markov Models (HMM).
DTW is based on a non-probabilistic similarity measure, wherein a prestored template representing a command word is compared to incoming data. In this system, the start point and end point of the word is known and the Dynamic Time Warping algorithm calculates the optimal path through the prestored template to match the incoming speech.
The DTW is advantageous in that it generally has low computational and memory requirements and can be run on fairly inexpensive processors. One problem with the DTW is that the start point and the end point must be known in order to make a match to determine where the word starts and stops. The typical way of determining the start and stop points is to look for an energy threshold. The word must therefore be preceded and followed by a distinguishable, physical speech pause. In this manner, there is initially no energy before the word, then the word is spoken, and then there is no energy after the word. By way of example, if a person were to say <pause> "one" <pause>, the DTW algorithm would recognize the word "one" if it were among the prestored templates. However, if the phrase "recognize the word one now" were spoken, the DTW would not recognize the word "one" because it is encapsulated by other speech. No defined start and end points are detected prior to the word "one" and therefore the speech recognition system can not make any determination about the features of that word because it is encapsulated in the entire phrase. Since it is possible that each word in the phrase has no defined start point and end point for detecting energy, the use of Dynamic Time Warping for continuous speech recognition task substantial limitations.
In the Artificial Neural Network approach, a series of nodes are created with each node transforming the received data. It is an empirical (probabilistic) technology where some end number of features is entered into the system from the start point and the outpoint becomes the probabilities that those features came from a certain word. One of the major drawbacks of ANN is that it is temporally variable. For example, if a word is said slower or faster than the prestored template, the system does not have the ability to normalize that data and compare it to the data of the stored template. In typical human speech, words are often modulated or vary temporarily, causing problems for speech recognition based on ANN.
The Artificial Neural Network is advantageous in that it's architecture allows for a higher compression of templates and therefore requires less memory. Accordingly, it has the ability to compress and use less resources in terms of the necessary hardware than the Hidden Markov Model.
The Hidden Markov Model has several advantages over DTW and ANN for speech recognition systems. The HIM can normalize an incoming speech pattern with respect to time. If the templates have been generated at one cadence or tempo and the data comes in at another cadence or tempo, the HMM is able to respond very quickly. For example, the HMM can very quickly adjust for a speaker using two different tempos of the word "run" and "ruuuuuuun." Moreover, the HMM processes data in frames of usually (16 to 30 milliseconds), allowing it to have very fast response time. Since each frame is processed in real time, the latency for HMM is less than for DTW algorithms which require an entire segment of speech before processing can begin.
Another advantage which distinguishes the HMM over DTW and ANN is that it does not require a defined starting or end point in order to recognize a word. The HMM uses qualitative means of comparing the features in an input stream to the stored templates eliminating the need to distinguish the start and end points. It uses a statistical method to match the sound that is being detected with any sound that is contained in it's templates and then outputs a score which is used to determine a match. Although the HMM is superior to it's counterparts, it is known from the prior art that its implementation to commercial fixed-point embedded systems (which are clearly different from PC platforms) has been neglected.
Many prior art speech recognition systems have a detrimental feature with respect to command word template generation. When templates are generated from data produced by recorded human speech, they may not accurately represent the way every person says a command word. For example, if a user's particular speech pattern differs significantly from the template data, then very poor performance from the speech recognition system will be experienced when compared to a user whose speech pattern is more similar to the template data. In an HMM recognizer, words are scored by their probability of occurrence. The closer a word is to it's prestored template, the higher it's probability is calculated. In order for a word to be considered a match, a preset decision threshold is used. In order to be recognized, the similarity between the uttered word data and the template has to exceed the preset decision threshold. Many speech recognition systems have not provided the user with any means of adjusting the preset decision threshold.
As to one aspect, the invention solves the above-identified problems of the prior art by requiring the user to pause at least in between individual words of an audio or voice command. As an example, the command to turn on the lights becomes "lights<pause>on" or "<pause>lights<pause>on<pause>." Viewing the pauses as a substitute for syllables, this new command exhibits the same number of syllables as "turn lights on" and "please turn the lights on," respectively. This improves the FOM without requiring the speaker to memorize more words and the required word order in a voice command.
Accordingly, it is important to note the following key differences between the use of speech pauses in the present invention and in the prior art isolated-word recognition:
1) The invention treats the speech pauses as part of the keywords and as such treats them just like any other speech sound. Thus, the particular spectral qualities of the input signal during speech pauses are essential for a keyword to be correctly detected. In contrast, the prior art isolated-word recognition discards speech pauses during a pre-processing step; and
2) The purpose of the speech pauses in the present invention is to make the keywords longer rather than to simplify endpoint detection. In fact, no explicit endpoint detection is performed at all in the present invention.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a system and method for more accurately recognizing speech commands without increasing the number of individual command words.
It is a further object of the invention to provide an apparatus for controlling an electrical device, such as a lighting fixture including an incandescent lamp or any other suitable electrical load by speech commands.
It is an even further object of the invention to provide a means for adjusting the threshold comparison value between prestored voice recognition data and uttered audio data to thereby accommodate users with different voice patterns.
According to the invention, an apparatus for voice-activated control of an electrical device has receiving means for receiving at least one audio command generated by a user. The at least one audio command has a command word portion and a pause portion, with each of the audio command portions being at least one syllable in length. Voice recognition data is provided with a command word portion and a pause portion. Each of the voice recognition data portions are also at least one syllable in length. Voice recognition means is provided for comparing the command word portion and the pause portion of the at least one received audio command with the command word portion and the pause portion, respectively, of the voice recognition data. The voice recognition means generates at least one control signal based on the comparison. Power control means is provided for controlling power delivered to an electrical device. The power control means is responsive to the at least one control signal generated by the voice recognition means for operating the electrical device in response to the at least one audio command generated by the user.
Further according to the invention, a method of activating an electrical device through voice commands, comprises the steps of: recording voice recognition data having a command word portion and a pause portion, each of the voice-recognition data portions being at least one syllable in length; receiving at least one audio command from a user, the at least one audio command having a command word portion and a pause portion, each of the audio command portions being at least one syllable in length; comparing the command word portion and the pause portion of the at least one received audio command with the command word portion and the pause portion, respectively, of the voice recognition data; generating at least one control signal based on the comparison; and controlling power delivered to an electrical device in response to the at least one control signal for operating the electrical device in response to the at least one received audio command.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, an apparatus for voice-activated control of an electrical fixture comprises receiving means for receiving audio data generated by a user and voice recognition means for determining if the received audio data is a command word for controlling the electrical fixture. The voice recognition means includes a microcontroller with a fixed-point embedded microprocessor, a speech recognition system operably associated with the microcontroller and including a Hidden Markov Model for comparing data points associated with the received audio data with data points associated with voice recognition data previously stored in the voice recognition means. The voice recognition means generates at least one control signal based on the comparison when the comparison reaches a predetermined threshold value. Power control means are provided for controlling power delivered to the electrical fixture. The power control means is responsive to the at least one control signal generated by the voice recognition means for operating the electrical device in response to the at least one audio command generated by the user.
According to an even further embodiment of the invention, an apparatus for voice-activated control of an electrical device comprises receiving means for receiving audio data generated by a user and voice recognition means for determining if the received audio data is a command word for controlling the electrical device. The voice recognition means including a microprocessor for comparing the received audio data with voice recognition data previously stored in the voice recognition means. The voice recognition means generates at least one control signal based on the comparison when the comparison reaches a predetermined threshold value. Power control means is provided for controlling power delivered to the electrical device. The power control is responsive to the at least one control signal generated by the voice recognition means for operating the electrical device in response to the at least one audio command generated by the user. Also provided is means for adjusting the predetermined threshold value to thereby cause a control signal to be generated by the voice recognition means when the audio data generated by the user varies from the previously stored voice recognition data.
According to an even further embodiment of the invention, a method of activating an electrical device through an audio command generated by a user comprises recording voice recognition data, receiving audio data generated by a user, comparing the received audio data with the recorded voice recognition data, generating at least one control signal based on the comparison when the comparison reaches a predetermined threshold value, controlling power delivered to an electrical device in response to the at least one control signal to thereby operate the electrical device in response to the generated audio data, and adjusting the predetermined threshold value to generate the control signal when the audio data generated by the user varies from the previously stored voice recognition data.
Other objects, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description and appended claims, and upon reference to the accompanying drawings.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like designations denote like elements throughout the drawings, and wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for voice-activated control of an electrical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an output timing diagram showing the AC output delivered to a lighting fixture or other similar load;
FIG. 3 is a process flow chart for use with the invention for recognizing the presence of a voice command;
FIG. 4 is a process flow chart according to the invention for recognizing the presence of a voice command;
FIG. 5 is a chart schematically representing an acceptable energy level of voice command to background noise for actuating an electrical device;
FIG. 6 is a chart schematically representing an unacceptable energy level of voice command to background noise for actuating an electrical device;
FIG. 7 is a process flow chart according to a further embodiment of the invention for recognizing the presence of a voice command; and
FIG. 8 is a process flow chart according to an even further embodiment of the invention for recognizing the presence of a voice command.
Referring now to the drawings, and to FIG. 1 in particular, a functional block diagram of an apparatus 10 for receiving and processing voice commands according to the present invention is illustrated. The apparatus 10 comprises an audio input 12 that is monitored by a micro-controller 14 which performs processing functions associated with a programmed speech recognition algorithm in an attempt to identify voice commands. Once a voice command has been identified, the micro-controller 14 directs a dimmer control circuit 16 or other electrical control or switching circuit to take an appropriate action. The power required for operation of the micro-controller and other associated electronic units comes from a conventional 5 V DC power supply 18, that may be converted from an alternating current voltage input 20. Once a voice command has been recognized by the micro-controller 14, the control circuit 16 is manipulated to provide appropriate AC (or DC) output 22 to an external electrical device, such as a lamp, electrical outlet, and so on.
The micro-controller 14 preferably includes an 8-bit or 16-bit MCU embedded, fixed-point microprocessor as the central processing unit (CPU), an on-chip analog to digital (A/D) converter, a Read Only Memory (ROM) bank, a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) bank, and general purpose Input-Output (I/O) ports. This embedded system is specifically different from a PC system, in that it does not have the ability to be modified once the program has been loaded into the chip; it does not have a disk drive or any other means of being changed. It has firmware as opposed to software, and it does not have a monitor or a keypad. It has a very specific purpose that once the system is loaded with the firmware (hardware), it is only allowed to perform one specific task which is to analyze incoming audio data and comparing that data to one or more sets of prestored data to thereby control an outside electrical device. Unlike a PC which has a general purpose processing unit that can do a multitude of tasks from word-processing to game play to speech recognition, for instance; the system of the present invention that runs the Hidden Markov Model is embedded and all contained on a single PC board. The microphone and all of the analog and digital circuitry, including all of the control circuitry and means for interacting with the speech recognition system is preferably contained on a single printed circuit board. The printed circuit board with all of it's components is preferably enclosed in a stand-alone housing (not shown), such as a plastic box, that has a electrical plug for connection with an electrical receptacle. Preferably, the housing also includes electrical receptacles for accepting electrical devices of one type or another to be controlled by voice command.
The audio input 12 may be in the form of a microphone or similar device for inputting audio signals into the apparatus 10. The input signals are then filtered and sent to two amplifiers (not shown) having different gains. The micro-controller processes the analog signal from the channel with the highest gain unless there are data over-ranges. When over-ranges are encountered, the channel with lower gain is utilized. This effectively provides for more dynamic range in the input audio signal without the delay associated with other Automatic Gain Circuits (which have a time delay associated with correction of gain).
An audio output device 24 may be provided as feedback means and instructions to the user. Compressed speech may be stored in System Memory and played back to the user at the appropriate time. This synthesized speech can be used for prompting during a training process where the user(s) is prompted to speak for creating voice templates prior to use. The Audio Output device 24 is preferably in the form of a speaker element.
The apparatus 10 interfaces directly with any source of AC power 20 in general and is specifically adapted to interface with a common household AC (120 Vrms in the USA) power outlet via a connector plug (not shown). The connector plug is polarized, with the larger of the two prongs connecting to "common" (white) of a normal household power outlet. The "hot" (black) input is fused with a 5 amp fuse as a safety measure.
The AC Input 20 is connected to the Dimmer Control Circuit 16 as well as to a full-wave rectifier which is part of the DC Power Supply 18.
The Dimmer Control Circuit 16 controls the current delivered to a lighting fixture (not shown) or other similar load and is regulated by a TRIAC. In this manner, it is possible to turn the fixture on or off, so it can be dimmed without dissipative power losses. The TRIAC is driven by an opto-coupler and is therefore electrically isolated from the circuitry of the apparatus 10 which contains the audio input amplifier, the micro-controller 14, and other related functional circuitry.
The input AC signal feeds into a zero-crossing detection circuit (not shown) and generates a trigger pulse which is used as the clock input for several one-shots with time constants adjusted to provide pulse trains at 33% and 66% of the AC line frequency duty cycle. These pulse trains are supplied to a multiplexer (not shown) which is controlled by the micro-controller 14 adapted for selecting an appropriate digital pulse train to drive the opto-coupler.
Several bits from Port O of the speech recognition chip (bits 2 and 3) select the appropriate channel of the multiplexer which is adapted for driving this circuit. It has four states:
Bit 1
Bit 0
2/3 ON (dim)
1/3 ON (low dim)
For the ⅓ ON dim selection, the TRIAC is on 33% of the time, allowing current to flow to the lighting fixture or other similar load. When the TRIAC turns off, the current does not flow to the fixture. This causes the lighting fixture to appear dim. In this technique, power is not dissipated by the dimmer circuit when the lights are dimmed. Output waveforms for each of the above states are illustrated in FIG. 2.
The AC input 20 is connected to the DC power supply 18, which includes a full wave rectifier, voltage regulator, and other components form part of the power supply 18 and provide a 5 Volt supply with minimum ripple (5 millivolts maximum ripple). De-coupling capacitors are preferably used between the power and ground pins of the integrated circuit components to limit noise.
Thus, the invention provides an apparatus which utilizes a microphone for continuously monitoring an audio input signal, and by using speech recognition techniques, identifies the desired human speech commands and controls the current delivered to a lighting fixture including an incandescent lamp or any other suitable load once the appropriate command has been detected.
Turning now to FIG. 3, a typical method of receiving sound data and recognizing voice commands from the sound data for use in the apparatus 10 is illustrated. When the apparatus 10 is in operation, as represented by block 120, and after it has been trained with voice commands for each user, sound data is constantly monitored at block 122 to determine if a voice command has been uttered. The sound data may contain a combination of voice commands and background noise such as voice conversations, machinery, television, radio, and the like, or any combination thereof It is not only necessary to separate the voice commands from the background noise in order to issue a control command to a switching device (such as the dimmer control circuit 16 in FIG. 5), but it is also necessary to properly interpret the voice commands received.
Speech recognition is a process by which one or more unknown speech utterances are identified. Speech recognition is generally performed by comparing the features of an unknown utterance with the features of known words. Known words as used herein include, without limitation, words, phrases, phonetic units, and/or phonemic units. The features, or characteristics, of the known words are typically defined through a training process wherein samples of known words are examined and their features are recorded as recognition models in a recognition database. Each recognition model is essentially a reference pattern which represents a single word. Thus, depending on the number of words in a voice command, there will be a corresponding number of recognition models.
The sounds in the data stream are classified and ordered at block 124, in a well-known manner. The particular features associated with the unknown utterance are often referred to as a "test pattern." The micro-controller 14 compares the test pattern to one or more voice recognition models or templates 128, 130 and 132, e.g. the trained voice commands, or combinations thereof, as represented by block 126. As illustrated, the templates 128, 130 and 132 might include the voice commands "lightson", "lightsoff", and "dimlights", respectively. A scoring technique is then used at block 134 to provide a relative measure of how well various recognition model combinations match the test pattern. The unknown utterance is recognized by the known words associated with the recognition model(s) with which the test pattern most closely matches.
As set forth previously, there are many types of speech recognizers, such as, for example, conventional template-based and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) recognizers, as well as recognizers utilizing recognition models based on neural networks. Without loss of generality, the present invention will be illustrated by way of example to the HMM recognizers.
Wordspotter algorithms typically use a recognition network which allows the test pattern to be recognized in terms of a sequence of keyword, filler and silence models. The keyword model refers to voice command words that are to be recognized by the micro-controller 14, while the filler model refers generally to extraneous background noise that is discarded by the micro-controller. The silence model represents the stationary background noise that occurs before and after keyword utterances. Because of the stationary condition, the silence model is typically modeled with a single looped HMM state in order to detect the beginning and ending of a keyword utterance. In HMM's, a state can be traversed one frame at a time wherein a frame update typically occurs every 10 msec. A formal technique for finding the single best model sequence exists, and is called the Viterbi algorithm (Forney, Jr., G. D., "The Viterbi algorithm", Proc. IEEE, Vol. 61, pp. 268-278, March 1978). Rather than calculating the score for every possible model sequence, the Viterbi algorithm reduces the computational load by eliminating all but the best of those partial sequences that merge at a common point, otherwise known as a recombination point.
The keyword detection and false alarm rate for each keyword can be adjusted by adding a score on entering the keyword model, also known as a word entrance penalty. A higher word-entrance penalty results in a lower key word detection and thus results in a lower false alarm rate. This is because the higher cumulative score makes the keyword model less likely to win against the other models at the recombination point. For example, referring to FIG. 3, when a user utters the command "Dim Lights," the cumulative score SA for "Dim" and "Lights" will most likely be lower when compared to the "DIMLIGHTS" template 132 than the cumulative scores for the other templates 128, 130.
After the score SA has been generated for the closest matching command template (block 134), the classified data or "test pattern" is compared at block 136 to an "All Other Sounds" template or filler model 138 which has no defined structure, as in background noise such as voice conversations, machinery, television, radio, and the like, or any combination thereof A score SB is then generated at block 140. The scores SA and SB are then compared at block 142. If the score SA is smaller than the score SB, then the likelihood that the sound data is a voice command is greater than the likelihood that the sound data is just background noise. Consequently, the system is appropriately triggered at block 144, depending on the closest matching command template in order to control a lamp or other electrical device. If, however the score SA is greater than the score SB, then the likelihood that the sound data is a voice command is less likely that the sound data is just background noise. Consequently, the apparatus 10 continues to receive sound data at block 122.
With reference now to FIG. 4, a method of receiving sound data and recognizing voice commands from the sound data for use in the apparatus 10 is illustrated. When the apparatus 10 is in operation, as represented by block 150, and after it has been trained with voice commands for a user, sound data is constantly monitored at block 152 to determine if a voice command has been uttered. As described above, the sound data may contain a combination of voice commands and background noise such as voice conversations, machinery, television, radio, and the like, or any combination thereof The sounds in the data stream are then classified and ordered into a test pattern at block 154, in a well-known manner. The micro-controller 14 compares the test pattern to one or more voice recognition models or templates 158, 160 and 162, e.g. the trained voice commands, or combinations thereof, as represented by block 156.
As illustrated, each of the voice templates 158, 160 and 162 includes a pause model 164 of predefined duration between keywords in the voice commands. Thus, the command "lightson" in the previous example becomes "lights<pause>on". The command "lightsoff" becomes "lights<pause>off", and the command "dimlights" becomes "dim<pause>lights". The duration of the pause model 164 between each command word may vary depending on the particular speaking style of the user(s), but should be at least one syllable (about 200 msec.) in length. As noted above, the Figure of Merit (FOM) increases with the number of syllables contained in a voice command. For an even greater increase in command detection accuracy, a pause may also be added before and/or after each command word. Thus, instead of a two-syllable command for "lightson", a three-syllable command "lights<pause>on" increases the FOM, while a five-syllable command "<pause>lights<pause>on<pause>"greatly increases the FOM without increasing the number of words in the voice command. This is especially advantageous since the user is not required to memorize long phrases (e.g. five-syllable phrases) for each voice command in order to obtain greater detection accuracy over the prior art.
In order to impose a minimum pause duration of about 200 msec, the pause model 164 needs to contain at least N silence states (represented by si in FIG. 4) where
Because each state si is modeling the same features as the single silence state, the pause model is created by simply concatenating N silence states. While the minimum duration spent in the pause model is controlled by the number of states, a maximum model duration can be accounted for by adding a pause score whenever a state loops back on itself. The score is called loop transition penalty. Although loop transition penalties cannot completely prevent the best state sequence from remaining longer than a fixed amount of frames in the model, pauses longer than N frames become less likely with duration. Note that each pause model can have a different number of states in order to allow modeling speech pauses of different duration. In particular, pauses at the beginning and end of a voice command do not impede fluency and thus may be chosen to be substantially longer than pauses in between words.
The presence of a pause is preferably determined by analyzing both the spectral content and the energy content of the pause before and/or after the detection of a keyword, depending on the particular sequence of pauses and keywords. If dynamic spectral activity is present at a position in the voice data where the pause should be, such as in the case of voice data, and if the dynamic spectral activity has an energy content that is within a preset energy range of the keyword energy content, then it is determined that no pause has occurred. In the case where the pause has dynamic spectral activity below the preset energy range, such as in the case of background noise present between keyword utterances, then it is determined that a pause has occurred.
Thus at block 166, a cumulative score SA is calculated based on each of the command words and pauses in the voice command to thereby provide a relative measure of how well various recognition model combinations match the test pattern. The unknown utterance must not only have the sound sequence correct, but must also have the unnatural breaks in sound (the pauses) at the correct time in order to create a competitive score for triggering the system.
After the score SA has been generated for the closest matching command template, the classified data or "test pattern" is compared at block 168 to the "All Other Sounds" template or filler model 138. A score SB is then generated at block 170. The scores SA and SB are then compared at block 172. If the score SA is smaller than the score SB, then the likelihood that the sound data is a voice command is greater than the likelihood that the sound data is just background noise. Consequently, the system is appropriately triggered at block 174, depending on the closest matching command template. If, however the score SA is greater than the score SB, then the likelihood that the sound data is a voice command is less than the likelihood that the sound data is just background noise. Consequently, the apparatus 10 continues to receive sound data at block 152.
Because the invention treats the speech pauses as part of the keywords in the voice commands, a high likelihood spore during one or more pauses may compensate the effect of low likelihood scores during the actual words. Thus, some similar sounding utterances may get accepted as keywords primarily due to a good fit during the speech pauses. In order to prevent this from happening, another recognition network may be used in which the contributions from the pause models and the speech models to the overall likelihood score SA can be uncoupled by making the filler and silence models compete with each pause model and speech model individually. This architecture allows speech utterances to be accepted as valid keywords only if each pause and speech model has been determined to be more likely than any sequence of filler and silence models.
In this recognition network, each individual pause and speech model is assigned a word-entrance penalty whose value is made dependent on the best preceding model as determined by the Viterbi recombination. The word-entrance penalty is assigned a finite value, whenever the best predecessor model (as determined by the Viterbi algorithm) corresponds to the syntactically proper predecessor model (as determined by the structure of the keyword model, e.g. (<pause>speech1<pause>speech2< . . . ). In all other cases, the word-entrance penalty is assigned an infinite value which will inhibit all remaining parts of the keyword model from being further traversed. A keyword is detected as soon as the last model of that keyword survives the recombination step.
The particular values for the finite word-entrance penalties determine the detection and false alarm rate of the corresponding keywords. Because all possible state sequences through the pause models represent a subset of all state sequences through the filler and silence models, the pause models would always lose during recombination. In order to prevent this from happening, the pause models are rewarded upon entry by using negative (rather than positive) word-entrance penalties.
With reference now to FIGS. 5 to 7, a further embodiment of the invention is illustrated, wherein like elements in the previous embodiment are represented by like numerals. Additional accuracy of voice command detection can be obtained by comparing the energy (EB) of background noise 180 to the energy (EC) of a keyword utterance 182 (see FIGS. 5 and 6). If, after it is determined that SA is greater than SB at block 170 in FIG. 7, the signal strength EC is analyzed at block 190 and the background noise signal strength EB is analyzed at block 192. It is then determined if the difference E between the energy EC of the keyword utterance and the energy EB of the background noise is above a predetermined value at block 194, and as shown in FIG. 5. If E is above the predetermined value, then the system is triggered at block 196. However, if the sound data does not contain enough energy to meet the established energy difference E (see FIG. 6), then the micro-controller assumes that the whole sound data is background noise and does not trigger the system. Instead of taking the difference between the energies, the ratio or some other means of comparing the energies can be provided.
With the above-described arrangement, the user can enter commands even in loud environments by talking louder than the background. In this way, the keyword<pause>keyword structure can be maintained even if the pause portion is not actually silent. Consequently, the pause portion is only required to have an energy level that is a certain amount lower than the keywords. In many instances, the pause portion will most likely have an energy level equal to the background noise, unless a noise-canceling microphone or the like is used.
Although it is preferred that the signal strength be analyzed and compared after the voice command has met the criteria for both the command words and the pauses, analysis of the voice commands may be triggered only when the difference or ratio between a detected energy level of sound data and background noise is above a predetermined amount.
Turning now to FIG. 8, a modified method of receiving sound data and recognizing voice commands from the sound data according to a further embodiment is illustrated, wherein like parts in the FIG. 3 embodiment are represented by like numerals. In this embodiment, the classified sound data is compared to the word templates at block 126 and scores are generated for all command word templates at block 200. It is then determined at block 202 which of all the generated scores is the best, i.e. which template matches most closely with the classified sound data. The speech recognition system has an analysis phase that takes the intrinsic features of a speech signal and extracts some data points from that signal. Those data points are then compared to corresponding data points in the prestored templates. The speech recognition system attempts to determine how likely it is that each one of those data points (in the actual signal) is to the data point that is expected to be seen in the prestored template. Thus, the analysis looks at the incoming data and determines the likelihood of this data correlating with the prestored data. The output is represented as a series of scores or emission probabilities, which represents how close or how well the incoming data and the template data match. As the analyzing portion of the speech recognition system makes it's comparison, it determines the likelihood of how well a data point "A" in the incoming data will match with data point "A" in each of the templates, the likelihood of how well data point "B" in the incoming data will match with data point "B" in each of the templates, and so on. Thus, if there are 20 templates in a system, the system will look at the incoming signal and determine it's sum probability close to the data points A, B, C, etc., with the corresponding data points in templates 1, 2, 3, . . . 20. The template with the greatest sum probability is then chosen as the most likely candidate for the uttered command word. For example, the system will indicate that out of 20 prestored templates, the incoming data most highly correlates to Template No. 5. The scores for the templates are compared to the scores of the All Other Sounds Template, as represented by block 204. If the scores of the All Other Sounds Template minus the scores of the most likely template is less than a threshold value S, then the activation system is triggered, as represented by block 144. If however the difference between the scores is greater than the threshold value S, then the speech recognition system determines that the incoming data is not one of the 20 templates. It is not a recognized voice command, and the activation system is not triggered.
According to a unique feature of the invention, the threshold value S can be set by a user through the provision of a threshold adjusting means 206 connected to the micro-controller so that a user can adjust a desired threshold value to thereby effect the outcome of the system. The effect of this is to allow someone who's speech is less compatible with the data represented by templates to use the system with a much higher degree of accuracy or responsiveness by adjusting characteristics that are used to determine whether an uttered word matches the stored data. This is different from speaker adaptive systems used in prior art, wherein the templates were modified based on some user input. In this case, the templates are not adjusted, rather the predetermined threshold used to quality whether a word is a match is adjustable by the user.
In the invention, preferably, the means for adjusting the threshold value comprises a trim potentiometer that has a digital interface to the speech recognition system. Thus, the setting of the trim potentiometer is sampled or sensed by the speech recognition system. The threshold value S can be either a discrete step-wise representation of values like integers, such as integers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc. or a continuous relatively fine adjustment, e.g. any value between 0 and 9 rather than the integers. This provides either a fixed step-wise adjustment or continuous adjustment of the threshold value. Although a trim potentiometer is preferred, the threshold adjusting means can take the form of a thumbwheel or sliding potentiometer, a rotary or slide switch with multiple detent switch positions, a DIP switch, an optical encoder, a variably adjustable capacitor, or any other electronic or digital means for adjusting the threshold value.
The threshold adjusting means, no matter what form it takes, sets the point at which the speech recognition system recognizes an uttered command word, i.e. to set the degree of correlation between the incoming data and the template data to thereby trigger the system. This adjusting means allows selective adjustment by a user of the parameters of the similarity measurement, which could either be statistical or rule-based. However, in either case, this would allow a user to adjust a parameter in an embedded system that would normally be fixed. The parameter can have either the effect of adding weight to the output probabilities of the command words or the output probabilities of the All Other Sounds Template. The effect of the adjustment would be to either change the number of false activation's or change the number of positive detections that a speech recognition system makes. Thus, when a stream of incoming data is compared to the data of the prestored templates, adjusting the threshold value S to a greater value permits a person to utter a command word that is less correlated with the templates in order for the speech recognition system to consider it a match. A sequence is generated that best describes the signal. That sequence of features is then compared to a series of features that stored in the templates. Each data point in the incoming signal is compared to a corresponding area of each stored template and scores are generated to represent how closely the input signal matches each one of the templates. Accordingly, data points that at one point can be rejected because the All Other Sounds Template have created the best score, will now be considered as a match because the All Other Sounds Template or the other command word templates were adjusted through the threshold value adjusting means. Although described specifically for use with the Hidden Markov Model, it is to be understood that the threshold adjusting means can be applied to other speech recognition systems.
While the invention has been taught with specific reference to the above-described embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention. Thus, the described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
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|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 14, 2002
Owner name: VOICE SIGNAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC., MASSACHUSETTS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ZLOKARNIK, DR IGOR;ROTH, DANIEL L.;REEL/FRAME:013013/0733
Effective date: 20020506
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Owner name: NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC., MASSACHUSETTS
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:VOICE SIGNAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:028952/0277
Effective date: 20070514
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|Fee payment
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Born and raised in Southeast Louisiana, graduated with CS degree from the University of New Orleans and currently working towards Masters degree in Computer Science also. I have always been interested in computers, and becoming a programmer seemed a natural progression for me. It fits my personality and gives me a new puzzle to solve everyday.
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Main News Page
Wednesday, November 27, 2013
More items for
Program/Project Management
PPG Industries could see $44.5 million in U.S. Navy coatings contracts over the next five years, the Department of Defense announced.
The Pittsburgh, PA-based company was awarded an $8,916,209 indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract with firm, fixed-price task orders to provide the Navy's Military Sealift Command with paints, coatings, solvents, preservation products and engineering/technical services, the DOD announced Nov. 19.
The contract also includes four, 12-month option periods that could, if exercised, bring the cumulative value of the contract to $44,516,439.
PPG was awarded an $8.9 million contract to provide paint and services to the Navy's Military Sealift Command. The contract includes four option periods that could make it worth $44.5 million.
Under the contract, PPG will provide paint products and services for MSC ships and any other government-owned or government-chartered ships designated by MSC.
The MSC is the leading provider of ocean transportation for the Navy and the DOD. On a daily basis, it operates approximately 110 ships worldwide.
The work will be performed worldwide and is to be completed by Sept. 30, 2014. Exercising the option periods would continue the work to September 2018.
The contract was competitively procured, with four offers received.
Additional $5.3B Awarded
The Navy also awarded indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity, multiple-award contracts to 914 contractors that will compete for service requirements solicited by Naval Sea Systems Command, Naval Air Systems Command, Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command, Naval Supply Systems Command, Military Sealift Command, Naval Facilities Command, Strategic Systems Programs, Office of Naval Research and the U.S. Marine Corps.
These contracts are in addition to 2,838 contracts previously awarded under the SeaPort Enhanced (SeaPort-e) acquisition program for service procurements.
The government estimates that $5.3 billion in services will be procured per year under these contracts. Each contractor will get a fair opportunity to compete for individual task orders, and funds will be appropriated when the task order is awarded.
The contracts encompass 22 functional service areas, including research and development support, ship inactivation and disposal support, and in-service engineering. The awards will have a five-month base period with one five-year option.
The contracts were competitively procured on the Navy Electronic Commerce Online website, with 955 offers received. A list of the 914 contractors awarded may be found here.
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In this special guest feature, Collin Sebastian, Chief Product Officer at YouEye observes that the more graphs, maps, reports, and dashboards we use to slice and dice our data, the more time we spend analyzing — and the less time we spend actually making decisions. There's a solution to this paralysis, and it begins with understanding the difference between data analysis and data visualization.
Data Visualization is the study of the visual representation of big volumes of data. The main goal of data visualization is to communicate information clearly and effectively through graphical means. Learn about big data visualization products and strategies through these articles from the editorial experts at insideBIGDATA
How To Work Through "Analysis Paralysis" And Understand The Difference Between Data Analysis And Data Visualization
Broad Data, An Enhanced Variant of Big Data, Drives Favorable Business Outcomes
In this special guest feature, Ron Stein, Director of Product Marketing of Space-Time Insight talks about what data should organizations be looking at, how can they leverage, and how can data analytics help.
England Rugby League Uses Qlik to Enhance Team Performance
Qlik® (NASDAQ: QLIK), a leader in visual analytics, announced that the England Rugby League team is using QlikView® to analyze its player, match, and talent data to gain better insights into the way the team is playing and, ultimately, enhance their performance.
Visualization of the Week: Mass Shootings – America's Gun Violence Problem
Mass shootings are now sadly a very common occurrence in America. This visualization by Andy Kriebel uses Tableau public to look at gun violence related events in the US.
Has the Accessibility of Data Visualization Overshadowed the Value of Data Prep?
In this special guest feature, Mark Marinelli of Lavastorm Analytics poses a thesis that when many people think of 'big data' they imagine beautiful visual dashboards in Tableau or Qlik, but the big data world is much bigger than visualization technology.
Visualization of the Week: Height and Weight of the NFL
The new NFL has commenced! This visualization by Shine Pulikathara uses Tableau public to analyze the heights and weights of the NFL players for the 2015 regular season.
Tableau 9.1 Delivers New Mobile Experience and Easier Access to Any Data
Tableau Software (NYSE: DATA) today announced the general availability of Tableau 9.1, making it easier for people to analyze data from any source while in the office or on the go. New capabilities give people more ways to answer questions with data, an entirely new mobile experience, new options for connecting to data and easier security and authentication for the enterprise.
SAS® Visual Analytics helps CrescentCare Measure Results in Fight Against HIV
CrescentCare recently turned to SAS Visual Analytics software for data exploration, interactive reporting and analytics, with plans to create an interactive executive dashboard showing key insights in the local fight against HIV.
Cardinal Health: Improving Sales Performance with Data Blending & Advanced Analytics
In the presentation below, the Nuclear Pharmaceutical Services division of Cardinal Health uses Alteryx to combine data from Salesforce.com, an Access Database, an Excel spreadsheet, and Teradata; then performs time series forecasting before writing the data back to a Teradata Datalab.
Birst Launches New Technology Partnership with Tableau Software
Birst, a global leader in Cloud BI and Analytics, announced a technology partnership with Tableau Software (NYSE: DATA), a global leader in rapid-fire, easy-to-use business analytics. This product integration brings Tableau's powerful visual analytics to Birst's agile and scalable Cloud BI data platform through an ODBC connector.


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text:
I need to know what the source for this looks like! Help!!!!!!!!
I'm brand new to coding.
I need to know what the source for this looks like! Help!!!!!!!!
I'm brand new to coding.
Last edited by brocco; 08-26-2010 at 04:25 PM.
well when you pm'd me your homework question you said it was MSSQL. That is different from MySQL and so I am unfortunately not able to help. It's also against CF rules to assist with homework.
"The day you stop learning is the day you become obsolete"! - my late Dad.
Why do some people say "I don't know for sure"? If they don't know for sure then, they don't know!
Useful MySQL resource
Useful MySQL link
I didn't know it was against the rules, sorry!
by the way, it was MSSQL.
Moving to Other Databases.
We cannot give you specifics on homework help, only help for individual issues that you cannot get around (and we try to do so in a way that makes you learn it instead of just giving it to you). Here is a link to a few examples of SQL JOINS: http://www.sql-tutorial.net/SQL-JOIN.asp
Been gone for a few months, and haven't programmed in that long of a time. Meh, I'll wing it ;)PHP Code:
header('HTTP/1.1 420 Enhance Your Calm');


text:
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Minky Monday: Take 20% off 1+ Yards of Minky fabric through 11:59 p.m. EDT July 25th.
I am an author, photographer and freelance designer. I order proofs of all fabrics posted to my public gallery so as soon as Spoonflower prints the proofs, the design will be up for sale. Thank you for your patience. Thank you for stopping by.
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