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636 posts tagged with physics.
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The Spherical Wave Structure of Matter in Space
On Truth and Reality. Despite several thousand years of failure to correctly understand physical reality (hence the current postmodern view that this is impossible) it is actually very simple to work out how matter exists and moves about in Space. The rules of Science (Occam's Razor / Simplicity) and Metaphysics (Dynamic Unity of Reality) require that reality be described from only one single source existing, as Leibniz wrote: "because of the interconnection of all things with one another." [more inside]
Bringing the end of the world to your iPod
CERN Podcast - Lighthearted chats at the CERN laboratory with "a bit of particle physics thrown in". Featuring visits from British satirists and comedians, including Chris Morris and Kevin Eldon.
Somebody alert Jeff Goldblum
Scientists from the University of Michigan and the University of Maryland have managed to teleport information from one isolated atom to another over a distance of one meter, without it ever crossing space. Here's how they did it. [more inside]
Perfect Balance If this is Flash Fun, then today must be Friday. [more inside]
"Hang on a minute, lads, I've got an idea."
The Italian Job: Problem Solved
"Saruman's velocity is 69.5 m/s (155.5 mph) as he hits the spike."
Phriday Physics Phun! What is the force Superman exerts to stop a plane from crashing into the ground, or the speed and mass of Vince Vaughn's winning Dodgeball shot? What's the force exerted by a Dominique Wilkins windmill slam dunk, or the speed of a retired Charles Barkley? What's the frequency of a cat's purr? ...the mass of a snowflake? ...the pressure inside a can of soda? ..the reaction time of the human fingertip? The Physics Factbook, via hypertextbook.com, is "an encyclopedia of scientific essays written by high school students that can be used by anybody," containing over 800 entries and special topics. [more inside]
Richard Feynman Fan
Richard Feynman Fan. YouTube playlists. [Previously.]
Verlets fluttering in the wind
A Review of Criticality Accidents
A Review of Criticality Accidents (3.7 MB pdf) Do you like reading comp.risks, or CVR transcripts from famous plane crashes? Then you may enjoy this technical analysis of 60 accidents where improper handling of fissile materials led to unexpected critical mass. [more inside]
Oh God, not again.
There used to be this problem you see, until one of our own kindly settled it. His services are desperately needed once again.
Matter is merely vacuum fluctuations
Confirmed: Scientists Understand Where Mass Comes From. An exhaustive calculation of proton and neutron masses vindicates the Standard Model. Matter is merely vacuum fluctuations.
Making the Title of Miss Universe a Little Less Impressive
Is the Multiverse Real? Discover takes a look at theories that our universe is one of many. This blogger adds some interesting commentary. via
Incredibots. Make crazy machines! Solve puzzles! Share with your friends! And that's just the beta. Similarly [more inside]
Would you like to buy an fuzzy multi-instanton knot?
"...the best place to hide bulls**t is in a refereed journal that's not open-access!" The math-physics blog n-category cafe digs into the curious case of M.S. El Naschie. El Naschie is editor-in-chief of the journal Chaos, Solitons, and Fractals, published by the well-respected scientific publisher Elsevier and sold to academic libraries for US$4,520 a year. The problem? El Naschie has published 322 of his own papers in the journal -- papers that John Baez (of "This Week's Finds in Mathematical Physics" and "The Crackpot Index") describes as "vague, dreamlike imagery," "undisciplined numerology larded with impressive buzzwords," and "total baloney." Is El Naschie a reverse Sokal? Or a Markov process for producing random publishable papers? One thing's for sure -- he knows how to cure cancer.
These molecules, they vibrate?
The Science of Scent. An entertaining and enlightening TED talk by biophysicist Luca Turin.
Two mathematicians walk into a bar...
A math professor was explaining a particularly complicated calculus concept to his class when a frustrated pre-med student interrupts him. "Why do we have to learn this stuff?" the pre-med blurts out. The professor pauses, and answers matter-of-factly: "Because math saves lives." "How?" demanded the student. "How on Earth does calculus save lives?" "Because," replied the professor, "it keeps certain people out of medical school."
Woah. Excellent.
"You named your collaboration QAP? Really?"
The DiVincenzo Code [youtube trailer, geekery]. Faced with a strict demand from a funding agency to allocate research funds towards the dissemination of research ideas to the public, an experimental physics group at the University of Oxford produced a feature-length (55 min) action thriller about murder, ancient prophecy, tea breaks, and quantum computation. [more inside]
Spotlighting exceptional research
From the American Physical Society, Physics is a great free resource for those of you out there that want to keep up with current research topics in the vast world of physics. [more inside]
How Much
Quantum of culture. Terminology from quantum theory shows up frequently in art, films, poetry and sculpture. Robert P. Crease gauges the impact of quantum mechanics on popular culture. [Via]
Physics Invader
Physics Invader takes the classic Space Invaders idea and, as you might guess from the name, adds physics. Extra points awarded for pushing the heaps of Invader corpses off the edge of the screen! PEW PEW PEW! [more inside]
2008 Nobel Prize for Physics
Nobels for Physics announced. The prize will be shared between three individuals, including one American teaching at the University of Chicago. The other two winners are from Japan, Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa .
Plurality of Words
Anathem, Neal Stephenson's new book, is stupendous, possibly his best. But his acknowledgments page (summarized in the print version and as expansive as ever on the Internet Reticulum) might be even more interesting, and poignant, especially as an introduction to the niftiest piece of metaphysics in the book: the quantum effects (PDFs) of consciousness among many worlds. [more inside]
Star Stories and the Nobel Prize
Star Stories explains the life and death of stars using a multimedia approach that incorporates images, animation, video and text. From the official website of the Nobel Foundation. Don't miss out on the other cool games . [more inside]
Quark-Gluon Plasma
The ALICE Collaboration is building a dedicated heavy-ion detector to exploit the unique physics potential of nucleus-nucleus interactions at LHC energies. The aim is to study the physics of strongly interacting matter at extreme energy densities, where the formation of a new phase of matter, the quark-gluon plasma, is expected. This website aims both at introducing non-initiates to the field of physics covered by ALICE and at providing regular information on the evolution of the experiment, with detailed reports of its results and analysis.
In a scant few hours, scientists will make the first attempt to circulate a beam in the Large Hadron Collider. Terrified of nothing, a few deeply misguided morons have sent death threats to the CERN team, probably because of Faith-Based Science. [more inside]
Amazing Physics Videos
Silly pencil pushers! You can't KILL Physics! What's that? Oh, physics *research*. You've won this round!
RIP Bell Labs "After six Nobel Prizes, the invention of the transistor, laser and countless contributions to computer science and technology, it is the end of the road for Bell Labs' fundamental physics research lab."
Speedy Entangled Photons:
Whether Einstein's "spooky science" or quantum weirdness, the Geneva tests that show entangled photons traveling at 10,000 times the speed of light are stirring up challenges and "Alice in Wonderland" discussions about "subatomic particles communicating nearly instantaneously at a distance." [more inside]
Mayan Muons and Unmapped Rooms
I Didn't Know That
Science Hack is a unique search engine for science videos focusing on Physics, Chemistry, and Space. For example, things to do with sulfur hexafluoride. Still growing, the editors are presently indexing other scientific fields of study including Geology, Psychology, Robotics and Computers. Ever wonder why things go bang?
"The simplest example of the truly complex"
Anything but clear. It is well known that panes of stained glass in old European churches are thicker at the bottom because glass is a slow-moving liquid that flows downward over centuries. Well known, yes, but long known to be wrong. Scientists still disagree about the nature of glass, and researchers continue to try to understand its dual personality . [more inside]
Warp Drive
Putting the Warp into Warp Drive.
An Engineer's Delight
Universe Sandbox
An Interactive Space Simulator "Smash planets together, introduce rogue stars, and build new worlds from spinning discs of debris. Fire a moon into a planet or destroy everything you've created with a super massive black hole. You can simulate and interact with our solar system: the 8 planets,160+ moons, and hundereds of asteroids, the nearest 1000 stars to our Sun, and our local group of galaxies." [31Mb, Windows only, sorry, but see inside for similar Mac and Linux apps] [more inside]
Soft Science
If you like those giant plush microbes but maybe they're a little too life-sciencey for ya, perhaps you would like The Particle Zoo instead.
728 ton pendulum
728 ton pendulum in action: Taipei 101's tuned mass damper during the Sichuan earthquake. [Via The Long Now Blog]
Jonathan Golob at Dear Science.org has a series of posts up about nuclear power. Topics include: The physics behind nuclear power, the inner workings of a reactor, nuclear radiation, nuclear waste, the disasters at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl, and the future of nuclear power. Also in a truncated podcast form. [more inside]
The Reality Tests. "A team of physicists in Vienna has devised experiments that may answer one of the enduring riddles of science: Do we create the world just by looking at it?"
My eyes!
Paul Nylander's home page is garish and busy, but full of interesting tidbits about fractals, insects, physics, and other things.
The laws of your world don't apply, mortals!
Friday Flash Fun: Roller Coaster
This little game lets you learn about G Forces AND have fun. From the University of Cambridge's Centre for Applied Research in Educational Technologies. You must build a roller coaster that thrills the occupants, but be warned - if they throw up your score gets reset, and making them black out is also frowned upon.
R.I.P. John Wheeler, physicist
R.I.P. John Wheeler, theoretical physicist. Famous for the Wheeler-Feynman equations and the term "black hole," which he coined to describe a singular point mass, he has died at age 96. The NYT usually gives pretty good obituary but they outdid themselves this time. [more inside]
Let Me Just Roll Up My Sleeves to Make Sure You're Not Dying
Carl Zimmer's Science Tattoo Emporium - "Underneath their sober lab coats and flannel shirts, scientists hide images of their scientific passions. Here they are revealed to all." From the science journalist and writer responsible for The Loom and numerous other published works.
Magic crayon Physics - now in online flash form
Online Crayon Physics Flash version of stuff from here and here. No download needed (vs. prior posts) and totally addicting.
100,000,000 years
The little windows in the walls of time amber provides aren't always open. Opaque amber is common and, until now, has hidden away many fossil creatures. 100,000,000 years.... via bbc [more inside]
End-of-the-world Filter
Larry Niven warned everyone about it. MetaFilter, too: Try to escape. Quantum black holes is dangerous.
She blinded me with science!
Gorgeous images, selected solely for their artistic appeal, from the pages of Physical Review B.
Somewhere, Richard Feynman is smiling.
Swinging from pendulums and facing down wrecking balls, MIT professor Walter Lewin shows students the zany beauty of science.
Watching Paint Dry
Prof Lakshminarayanan Mahadevan looks at the physics of wrinkles, creases and folds - from the small to the very large (video demos), feeds his venus flytrap, then rides on his magic carpet.


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Maritime Today
The Maritime Industry's original and most viewed E-News Service
SENER has launched an update of its FORAN shipbuilding CAD/CAM/CAE system.
Version V80R1.0, which was launched onto the market when FORAN celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2015,
CMA CGM Group announced the launch of two new weekly services, EPIC 1 and EPIC 2, between the Arab Gulf, Pakistan, North West India and North Europe.
The current
Shipping industry veteran Dan Gardner is director of Mobileweight, which helps to streamline processes and create efficiencies for the container shipping industry.
Ithaca Energy Inc. reports that the "FPF-1" floating production facility has completed the required inclination test as planned and departed the Remontowa shipyard in Gdansk, Poland.
At high tide, the vessel "MARTIN SÆLE", the first Live Fish Carrier built by Gondan Shipyard in Figueras, was successfully launched today. Representatives of the owner of the vessel,
A new ferry being built at the Cemre shipyard in Turkey for UK operator Wightlink will feature a comprehensive range of modern Wärtsilä equipment and systems to

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The joke is misinformation in your post. It is not "only a $50k lawsuit. It is $50,000 PER VIOLATION, plus the costs to refund any customer who wants out, plus costs of the investigation......Which means that the AG put time and resources into doing an investigation before he decided to file suit for fraudulent practices.


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The judge presiding over over Phaedra Parks' defamation case against author Angela Stanton has dismissed Stanton's multi-million dollar counter-suit against the reality TV star.
The judge presiding over over Phaedra Parks' defamation case against author Angela Stanton has dismissed Stanton's multi-million dollar counter-suit against the reality TV star.
Phaedra Parks (Real Housewives of Atlanta) hosted a private advanced screening of the highly anticipated new sequel Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows for her son Ayden Nida's 6th birthday on Thursday at AMC Phipps Plaza in Atlanta.
Phaedra Parks said the sudden deaths of three close friends sparked her interest in working with the dead.
The Real Housewives of Atlanta star told Page Six depression and fear of dying led her to seek a better understanding of the funeral process.
Junior socialite North West, 2, paused to check her text messages on her iPhone after dining at Cipriani's restaurant with her mother, socialite Kim Kardashian. The well-dressed tyke stopped to touch the famed Cipriani bull with her mother.
Photos: Jackson Lee / Splash News
Real Housewives of Atlanta co-star Kenya Moore, pictured left, is reportedly pregnant with her first baby at age 45. The news was reported by cast member Phaedra Parks.
In an interview with Dish Nation, Parks, 44, said, "Honey I did hear that one of her NON best friends might be having a bundle of joy, so maybe she can be the godmother."
Reality TV personality Phaedra Parks was in Flint, Michigan doing her part to help during the manmade water crisis.
The Real Housewives of Atlanta star handed out water to residents of Flint, whose drinking water is contaminated with lead and other pollutants.
Just one year into his 5-year prison sentence, convicted reality TV star Apollo Nida transferred to a New Jersey prison in anticipation of an early release.
The move came just 2 weeks before another reality TV star, Mendecees Harris, was sentenced to 8 years in prison for his role in running a drug trafficking ring.
Celebrity photographer Prince Williams of ATL Pics attended last night's premiere of WeTV's new reality TV series "Selling it in The ATL." Spotted on the red carpet were local celebs Kandi Burruss, Cynthia Bailey, Carl Payne, Cynne Simpson, Phaedra Parks, Mimi Faust, Deborah "Momma Dee" Bryant, Sheree Whitfield, and more.
Photos by Prince Williams/ATLPics.net
Atlanta's stars and notables turned out for the ATL screening of the Peanuts movie, coming to a theater near you on Nov. 6.
V-103's Ryan Cameron, his friend Phaedra Parks; socialite Monyetta Shaw and her twins, Mason and Madilyn, and more attended the screening (for those of you who can't take a joke, I know Ne-Yo's kids aren't twins). The movie screening was sponsored by rap mogul Ludacris and his Ludacris Foundation. Lots of kids got a chance to see the movie ahead of its national release. And, of course, popcorn, hot dogs, beverages and Jujube's were all on the house, courtesy of Uncle Luda.
Photos by Prince Williams/ATLPics.net
Last Night, reality TV star Kandi Burruss held her viewing party for 'Kandi's Ski Trip' at Suite Lounge in Atlanta. Special invited guests included Kandi's husband, producer Todd Tucker, Tameka "Tiny" Harris, Rasheeda, Phaedra Parks, Kenya Moore, Kirk & Rasheeda Frost, Monyetta Shaw, Keshia Knight Pulliam, Claudia Jordan, Luther Campbell (2 Live Crew), Scrappy, Cynthia Bailey, Derek J, Shekinah Jo, Demetria McKinney, actress Reece Odum, "faux finisher" Tobey Renee Sanders, and more.
Photos by Prince Williams/ATLPics.net


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Buy houses in Miles Street, Maerdy, Ferndale CF43 - 4 bedrooms
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Richard Street, Maerdy, Ferndale CF43Terraced house for sale - 4 bedrooms
***garage***four bedrooms*** three reception rooms***larger than average***Osborne Estates are pleased to offer for sale this four bedroom property. This property offers spacious family accommodation and garage to rear. To appreciate the size of this ...
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Beverly Hills Pulls Out Of Competition To Host Broad Art Museum ... Sort Of
The city of Beverly Hills this week sent a letter to Eli Broad notifying the billionaire developer and art collector that it is pulling its proposed site from consideration for a museum that would house his art collection.
"The Beverly Hills City Council has confirmed that it has concluded discussions with The Broad Art Foundation regarding the potential site of a museum at the intersection of Wilshire Blvd. and Santa Monica Blvd.," a city statement reads. "As part of upcoming discussions on the adoption of the City's fiscal year 2010-2011 budget, the Council will be reallocating to other project priorities the funds it had set aside for the potential acquisition of the property."
The gilded city seems miffed that Broad's people continue to flirt with Santa Monica and downtown Los Angeles in their search for a location for what will be a top-flight collection that includes 2,000 pieces with work from the likes of Andy Warhol and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec.
In a letter to Broad, city manager Jeff Kolin said, "While our City Council remains convinced that Beverly Hills offers an attractive location for your renowned art collection, we understand that The Broad Art Foundation is now considering other locations."
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He went on to write, however, that B.H. is still there for him if the other locations fall through. The City Council had reportedly considered buying a building at Santa Monica and Wilshire boulevards for $15 million in order to lease it to the museum for $1 a year.
The city of Santa Monica, however, forwarded its own $1-per-year lease deal for a municipally owned building, but the beachside community also threw in a proposed $3 million in cash and improvements for the museum venue.
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Email email@example.com today to become involved!!
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Squash Tryouts are in December! Interested in joining the official Hogg Squash Team? Visit Ms. Rodriguez at the front desk to pick up your tryout sign-up flyer TODAY! Also, sign up online at www.missionsquash.org/tryout


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Done for fun on a Sunday afternoon. Full version: http://mattrobot.tumblr.com/post/45072726677/dracula-ad-1972
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FreakShow Deluxe Return to the Gathering of the Juggalos!
Wednesday, July 20 through Saturday, July 23, 2016 - over & over
The 17th Annual Gathering of the Juggalos - Thornville, OH
July 20 - 23, 2016 - see below for show schedule
Ninjas In Action, Inc. presents
The 17th Annual Gathering of the Juggalos
Legend Valley Campground
7585 Kindle Rd
Thornville, OH 43076
Website: http://www.juggalogathering.com
Saturday, July 23, 2016 at 3:00pm - FreakShow Deluxe on the Carousel Stage
Wednesday, July 20 through Friday, July 22, 2016, Midnight to 4:00am - FreakShow Deluxe at Bizarro World with R.I.F.T. (Rhythmic Illusion Fire Tribe)
Here is the write up from the website: The Gathering of the Juggalos throughout the years has become one of the most uniquely rewarding events our world has ever known. This twenty-four hour outdoor rap and rock music festival is lovingly referred to as the greatest family reunion on earth! Here, thousands upon thousand of Juggalos from around the world completely let go as they gather for four days and nights with uninhibited joy, as they celebrate their existence on the grandest scale possible. Here, you will find a bizarre, carnivalesque jubilee, featuring concerts, wrestling, comedian performances, carnival rides, contests, autograph signings, gaming, late night parties, and so much more, with the true magic and embodiment of the Dark Carnival spirit being provided by our very own Juggalo family! Here, is an independently ran event which remains the only festival untarnished by corporate sponsorship so we can do whatever the fuck we want. To make things even better is the fact that this year heralds the 17th Gathering, which is a sacred number that has always resonated deep within the Juggalo world. This year promises to unfold as one of the most memorable and exciting Gatherings of all time! So come one, come all, to exxperience this euphoric event that will be recounted in tales throughout the ages. This is the one you truly do not want to miss!
FreakShow Deluxe Soundtrack ON SALE NOW
Own FreakShow Deluxe's amazing soundtrack!
Purchase it right now at: https://brotherdanielandtheblacksheep.bandcamp.com/releases
FreakShow Deluxe is often asked at shows where we got our phenominal theme song and amazing original music we use in our shows -- and the answer is it written by our own Brother Daniel the Demented and is recorded by his band: Brother Daniel and the Black Sheep.
The new album, HERE COME THE FREAKS, is now avaible for digital download -- casts should be handing out the web address at gigs all through October -- but you can now download to your smartphone while watching the show RIGHT NOW! (how cool is THAT?!)
JUST CLICK ON THIS LINK TO PURCHASE: https://brotherdanielandtheblacksheep.bandcamp.com/releases
Check out FSD's video for the song HERE COME THE FREAKS: http://youtu.be/SFx68goheww?list=UUycE6sHYOV93zB84PLyjGHQ
Check out the song ZOMBIE KITTY: http://youtu.be/QwHZoeev0qs
This video was featured on Alt News, episode 15.01. Features Reverend Tommy Gunn, Miss Malice Aforethought,
Raven Lunatic, Kaleb Kane, Grennan the Green Monster, and La Pequeña Arañita!
Freakshow Deluxe from Matt Sloan on Vimeo.


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We are a tuition-free public charter school serving NC students in grades 5-12. Applications are accepted through February, and a lottery is conducted in early March.
Our school counselor is a vital member of the education team, helping students in the areas of academic achievement, personal/social development and career goals.
Visit this page to find links to PowerSchool, the school calendar, handbook and other resources to help you have a successful school year.
Hello Hawbridge Community, I hope that everyone is having a safe and active summer. With the 2016-2017 school year approaching, I wanted to send out some information about the upcoming cross country season. Cross country is a challenging but rewarding sport, with a focus on setting personal goals and achieving them through hard work andRead More
Happy Summer, Hawbridge! I trust the summer has been enjoyable for each of our families. Fortunately or unfortunately, the start of the 2016-2017 school year is right around the corner. We are very excited about the coming year and are looking forward to seeing each of you soon. The Hawbridge School will begin classes onRead More
Dear Hawbridge, I do hope your child(ren) enjoyed the 2015-2016 school year. It was a pleasure for me to get to know them. We are looking forward to continued progress, in all areas, at Hawbridge. We value your commitment to the school and want you to know that we are committed to providing your childrenRead More
Dear Hawbridge, Commencement was held on Sunday, June 5, 2016. It has been a delight to serve this year's senior class. I appreciate the trust placed in me, by the board, but also by the parents who send their children to us each and every day. I'm confident this year's graduating class will achieve greatness, inRead More
The Hawbridge School community engages in a learning partnership. Students develop the skills, values, and strategies required to master the challenging curriculum and to pursue lifelong learning and personal growth. Relationships based on mutual respect honor individual learning preferences and create a healthy intellectual, emotional, and physical environment.


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It would be easier to forgive the Obama administration's lackluster handling of the political crisis in Egypt over the last couple weeks if things were going our way elsewhere in the Middle East.
Unfortunately, that's not even close to happening.
Start with Iran. Despite two years of engagement, Tehran is still developing nuclear weapons and significantly…
THE revolution in Egypt presents policy through a looking glass: what you see depends on who you are. If you want stability, you see a failed state. If you value freedom, you see it in the streets. If you fear autocrats, you see the 30 years of emergency rule. If you fear Islamists, you see the Muslim Brotherhood in the alleys.
Egypt may be all of these. Or it may be…
There's lots of speculation going on over the fast-breaking events in Egypt -- but Director of National Intelligence James Clapper's claim yesterday on Capitol Hill that the Muslim Brotherhood is "largely secular" and has "eschewed violence" doesn't need to be speculated upon.
The Brotherhood has not only described itself as an Islamist group, committed to…
In Egypt we are still not at the end of the beginning. Its future remains in the balance.
President Mubarak now has raised expectations, only to dash them. This will greatly raise tensions and could lead to an explosion of violence if the army tries to clear the square. If violence escalates, the army will be discredited as a stabilizing force, which will greatly…
Rocked by escalating protests, on Friday embattled Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak announced he would appoint a new government. Mubarak's eleventh-hour attempt to embrace reform is unlikely to appease the growing opposition, which includes a broad spectrum of diverse political groups. Egypt, an important American ally, is likely to plunge into much deeper political…
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As a critical pillar of economic freedom, measured annually in The Heritage Foundation's Index of Economic Freedom, regulatory efficiency has proven to be vital in — Read more
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Trans Am has placed an emphasis on style over substance since its 1996 self-titled debut. A timid vocal presence occasionally takes shape in the bass-heavy grind, but getting a point across by way of words has never been Trans Am's bag. Liberation follows suit, but as the constrictive cadence of opener "Outmoder" bleeds into "Uninvited Guest," the group proves that a concise political rant isn't the only means of saying what it means. As a doctored sample of the commander in chief boasts of "destroying hospitals and schools in Iraq," the song serves as would-be comic relief, if it weren't for the subject matter.
"Divine Invasion Pt. 2," "Washington D.C." and "Total Information Awareness" flow seamlessly into each other as somber tones transform into a nightmarish rumble, evoking the sadness and hysteria that gripped America in the wake of 9/11. As residents of Washington, D.C., Trans Am had a front row seat to the business end of a terror attack. The fear, anger and resentment that binds Liberation is a deliberate emotional response to the event from a group of otherwise detached noodlers.
Trans Am plays the Echo Lounge Mon., May 17. 8 p.m. $10.


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text: One year older December 8, 2008 Is 25 the year? The year of feeling old but young? The year when older folks laugh because they think 25 is young; the year when younger folks believe 25 is ancient? Seeing that I don't feel too old, but I certainly don't feel too young, does that mean 25 is the year of feeling in limbo?


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Dec 16, 1986
|Filing date
|Jan 25, 1985
|Priority date
|Jan 26, 1984
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Joel Charles, Lionel Gaudriot, Jean-Marc Parot
|Original Assignee
|Joel Charles, Lionel Gaudriot, Parot Jean Marc
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (11), Classifications (20), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to the general technical field of submerged structures and specifically concerns the problem of locating and characterizing any flaws which might occur in all or part of the constructional elements of such a structure.
The invention concerns submerged metal structures having a known geometrical configuration, such as a plane structure, a caisson or, more to the point of the invention, a truss.
Submerged metal structures, regardless of their specific shape, require frequent inspection for flaws or damages affecting their structural integrity. Such inspections are designed to assess the importance of any changes which may have occurred in the mechanical strength characteristics of the structure and determine whether the safety requirements for the structure are still being met.
Given the poor visibility usually obtaining in the liquid environment surrounding the structures and the latter's large size and complexity, such inspections are carried out by human divers equipped with suitable diving gear. Localized field inspections of this type, involving non-destructive testing, entail that the surfaces to be inspected first be suitably cleaned and require that some means of fault detection be carried to the point of inspection and applied thereto, said means usually involving optical, vibratory or ultrasonic devices.
Obviously, such methods are not easily implemented, inasmuch as the area covered is always very small. Moreover, the preliminary cleaning of the surfaces to be inspected often proves difficult. And the diver is required to move, sometimes at great depths, about a structure which he is at some pains to suitably evaluate and within which he faces major difficulties of orientation due to the short range of visibility in a marine environment.
It is thus virtually impossible to carry out a reliable overall survey of a truss-type structure under the above-mentioned conditions. Furthermore, such inspections are costly and in some cases risky for the personnel involved, particularly since the annual time allotment therefor is sometimes extremely limited, as in the case for example of North Sea operations.
Another proposed method has been to plant acoustic sensors near the most-stressed parts of the structure. Such an approach however does not enable comprehensive inspection of a marine structure at reasonable cost.
Still another approach proposed would consist in using conduction electrodes designed to electrically monitor the field of a sealed chamber installed near the welds at junctions of the structural members where water might penetrate as the result of cracking. Such a technique is also unreasonably costly and necessarily requires means for checking the operation of the electrodes if the reliability of the results is to be trusted at all.
Yet another proposed solution has been to pressurize the tubular members of a truss, either individually or in groups, and then to monitor them for pressure leaks which would reveal a through-crack. Such an approach, equally costly and difficult to implement, cannot be envisaged for an entire submerged structure and furthermore allows only those flaws involving a through-crack of the concerned surface to be detected.
A vibration technique has also been envisaged, to analyze the dynamic responses to overall stresses from sea swell or to localized stresses induced by suitable means. The processing of the results obtained by such a technique is especially complex in the context of a truss framework and the results obtained with regard to the structure's natural resonance have not proved sufficiently sensitive to the relatively small flaws one wishes to detect and locate.
The invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks by proposing a new method and a new device for fault location and characterization, particularly for flaws of a decimetric order, occurring in a known type of submerged metal structure, which may be implemented without the need to implant any localized technical devices and not requiring divers or diving machines that would have to be stabilized and oriented in precise spatial directions in relation to a given structure under test.
Another object of the invention is to provide a new structural monitoring technique being substantially less costly to implement than the prior art techniques, yet capable of supplying reliable overall or localized measurements of any given structure.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a flaw search and characterization technique enabling an operator to proceed directly with the location and characterization of possible faults from a remote control console.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a fast and accurate technique of fault location and characterization able to be implemented from the surface and without the need for even partial preliminary cleaning of the portion of the structure to be inspected.
Yet still another object of the invention is to provide a fault location and characterization technique applicable to a broad field, up to the decametric scale, such that an entire, known submerged structure can be inspected comprehensively in a reasonable time span--something which can be deemed extremely difficult, if not impossible, to achieve with the prior art techniques, at least for some types of submerged offshore structures.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a fault location and characterization technique that can be easily implemented in the midst of a truss framework whilst at the same time solving the problem of localizing the detection means involved in relation to the structure to be explored.
To meet the above-stated objectives the method or technique according to the invention consists in:
placing a sound transmitting and receiving probe or antenna having a plurality of receiving transducers within acoustic range of the structure;
emitting at least one ultrasonic acoustic pulse at a frequency in the 30 to 150kHz range;
picking up echo signals from n specular reflection points of the structure, or highlights;
determining the angular coordinates of the reflection points by determing the sequence in which the series of pulse echoes are received and classifying the first-in-time echo signal received from each point by one of the receiving transducers, followed by the series of delayed echo signals associated therewith and picked up by the other transducers;
determining the theoretical coordinates of the various highlights;
determining the position of the antenna, on the basis of the latter coordinates;
displaying the pattern of highlights;
comparing this pattern with the stored theoretical image of the structural part being inspected;
and revealing, by comparison, the presence or absence of any new reflection points with respect to the theoretical highlights or isotropic points of the structure.
The invention also provides a device for the location and characterization of flaws, said device consisting of:
an acoustic antenna comprising
means of relatively fixedly supporting said antenna in the liquid medium,
an acoustic pulse transmitter,
and a receiving surface made up of x vibration-sensitive cells;
means for preprocessing the echo signals, comprising, for each sensor cell,
at least one preamplifier,
a filter associated with a logical comparison and decision module for determining the presence of a signal,
and a filtered signal addressing and labelling module;
a data transmission means for the above data;
and a central processing unit, including
a computer,
display means,
and comparison and storage means.
Various other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate one non-limiting example of an embodiment of the invention and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing in perspective illustrating the implementation of the method and device according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is an elevation, on a larger scale, of one of the components of the invention, namely of item 3 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of part of the means used in the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing illustrating a first step in the implementation of the invention within a metal structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing illustrating another step in the implementation of the invention;
FIG. 6 is an elevation illustrating a characterization scan in a truss related to FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view illustrating how a physical property is seen by the invention;
FIG. 8 diagrams the signal path of a reflection from a longitudinal defect in the context of the invention;
FIG. 9 diagrams the signal path of a reflection from a transverse defect;
FIG. 10 diagrams the signal path of a reflection from an oblique defect.
Referring now to FIG. 1, a submerged structure 1 is shown, being for example a truss of tubular members supporting a platform 2 above water level, or topside platform affording an access or working area.
The embodiment illustrated is given merely by way of example, for the invention can be used to locate and characterize defects in other structures than a metal truss structure. For example, it can be applied to the inspection, location and characterization of flaws in a metal structure in the form of a wall or caisson (pile).
Structures of the above-mentioned type must be carefully scanned and inspected in order to detect not only the maintenance of their mechanical integrity but also the possible appearance of defects with a potential, depending upon their change over time, of adversely affecting the structures' overall safety.
The problem raised is therefore one of being able to carry out a rapid and comprehensive inspection of a structure of any type, capable of conveniently and reliably yielding a definition or characterization of any flaws found thereby to enable immediate assessment of the consequences likely to result therefrom or the evolution of the flaws over time.
The subject invention is directed to solving this problem.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention consists in installing a first means, consisting of an acoustic probe 3 made up of sound transmission and reception transducers arranged in the form of two concentric spherical surfaces.
Said probe 3 is suspended from a cable 4 operable to be reeled in or unreeled from a suitable reeling device 5 installed on the platform 2. The cable 4 plays the dual role of suspending the antenna physically and protecting the technical means used to remotely transmit commands to and scanning results from the probe.
In one specific embodiment of the invention said cable 4 moreover runs through a slip cage 4a which can be moved by means of a system of slinging cables running through idler pulleys 4b installed in the corners of the horizontal field of the structure to be scanned, the length of said slinging cables being adjustable by separatelyacting winches. This system, or any other suitable adjusting means, enables the operator to horizontally position the probe within the defined field and thus to bring it closer to the members of the structure on which he wishes to focus his inspection.
In the case of an application to a structure having another shape than the one illustrated, the cable 4 could be replaced by a stiff suspending member such as a bar or rod associated, via vertical means, with a carrying cage operable to be moved along a horizontal path.
The probe 3 is designed to emit ultrasonic pulses within a frequency range of 30kHz to 150kHz in order to collect the echoes produced by reflection and backscattering from the structural members, in view of obtaining data for processing by a computation unit 6 included in the control console on the platform 2.
Alternatively, the probe 3 could be carried by a submarine apparatus, whether self-powered or not, transporting the operator and his control console, or linked to the latter via an umbilical carrying the signals picked up by the probe 3.
In the context of the preferred embodiment illustrated by the accompanying drawings, the probe 3, as depicted in FIG. 2, consists of a spherical transmitter 7 comprised of evenly spaced, identical transducers, all oriented radially and enclosed in a spherical protective shell which can be made of metal or of a composite material. The transducers are physically connected to the shell 8, which acts as a radiant surface, generating a regular spherical wave whenever the transducers are simultaneously excited. The center of shell 8 establishes the acoustic center for transmissions and the shell 8 itself is attached to a tubular adapter 9 having a fitting 10 for hookup to cable 4. The adapter 9 further serves to support and protect at least one conductor designed to supply the transducers with the energy required to produce excitation, said excitation generally being provided in the form of a discharge from a suitable condensor in a generator 3a which can preferably be located in the core of the antenna.
The probe 3 further comprises a spherical receiving surface 11, built concentrically around the spherical ultrasonic source or transmitter 7 which it envelopes. Said receiving surface 11 is made up of x sensitive cells 12 or receiving transducers individually supported by an acoustically transparent structure 13.
For example, said receiving transducers 12 can be mounted according to a radical orientation, at the nodes of the peripheral structure 13 which may be a steel lattice or any other frame material. Such a lattice frame is preferably made up of segments 13a forming the edges of a regular polyhedron. According to a preferred embodiment, said structure 13 can bound an envelope defining, on the basis of ninety segments 13a, thirty-two pentagonal or hexagonal plane surfaces joined together by sixty nodes or points having the said transducers 12 mounted thereon.
Said transducers 12 are connected to conductors carried and protected by the adapter 9 to which the lattice framework 13 is attached in such a manner as to be arranged perfectly concentrically about the spherical transmitter 7.
As shown in FIG. 2, the receiving surface 11 can be enclosed in a protective shell 14 made of an acoustically transparent material. Said shell 14 can for example be made of a composite material.
The conductors leaving transducers 12 are routed to a preprocessing unit 18 preferably located in a watertight container attached to cable 4.
This pre-processing unit 18 receives the signals coming from all the receiving transducers 12, preamplifies each of the signals, effects a preliminary filtering and identification or said signals and transfers the resulting logical data to the processing unit 6 via the signal cable contained in suspension means or cable 4.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, as depicted in FIG. 3, said pre-processing unit 18 comprises one preamplifier 15, one programmable gain devicd 16 and one adjustable filter 19 for each receiving transducer 12.
The next component of the signal pre-processing unit 18, ie. item 20 of FIG. 3, carries out the logical decision as to the detection of a useful signal and correlatively sends a code to a buffer register 21 which, besides, receives from a tagging module 22 any useful data serving to identify the signal thus detected, such as the number of the receiving channel and the effective acquisition time.
The set of data from register 21 then goes through a digital multiplexor 23 for sending in serial mode over a coaxial link in suspension cable 4 to processing unit 6 on the platform 2, after demutiplexing in a demultiplexor 23'.
The processing unit 6 processes the signals sent by pre-processing unit 18 in order to spatially localize the probe within the structure, to reconstitute the geometry of the local portion of the structure being examined by comparison with the initial data of the stored engineering drawings and to show up, initially, by observation of a lacking echo where there should be an echo related to a highlight or inherent isotropic point of the structure, any outright break-off of a structural member whereof the echo is found lacking.
Processing unit 6 is accordingly associated with three-dimensional graphic display means 24 enabling the operator to see the geometry of the structure in the vicinity of the probe, to locate the probe in this perpsective view and to locate the highlights corresponding to the echoes having been detected. Said unit 16, for this procedure, relies on a mass storage 25 containing in particular the characteristics of the truss making up the structure and any other physical data available from the engineering drawings.
The means of the invention described above come into play as follows.
The probe 3 is immersed inside the structure 1 being inspected and within acoustic range of the structure by means of reeling device 5 which maintains it at a given depth or level h and in a relatively stable, specified horizontal position as depicted in FIG. 4. Generator 3a is then powered so as to supply the transducers of spherical transmitter 7 with the energy required for their excitation in view of setting up the ultrasonic pulsation generating a smooth spherical wave. For this purpose said transmitting transducers of sphere 7 can be powered by the discharging of a capacitor through pulse shaping circuits such as to deliver a modulated wave train in the 30 to 150kHz frequency range with a duration of the order of 50 μs.
The structural members located within acoustical range of the probe 3 react, on receiving this acoustic pulse, by generating a return radiation in the direction of probe 3. The set of echoes produced by said structural members thus pass through receiving surface 11 which is acoustically transparent.
All of the transducers 12 are thus influenced by each of the echo signals, which is then preamplified by preamplifier 15 and software gain-controlled by component 16. Each signal is the filtered by pre-processing unit 19 and sent, after encoding, to buffer register 21 following validation and tagging by module 22.
Considering a back-reflected beam f returning to spherical receiver 3, as illustrated in FIG. 5, it is obvious that the echo will first impinge on a first transducer 12 associated with the ray covering the shortest distance. The same echo signal will then impinge successively on the various other transducers, except with a time lag in reaching each transducer corresponding to the relative distances to be covered by the different rays. This fact is illustrated in FIG. 5, in which example only the rays and transducers located in one diametrical plane of the sphere are represented for purposes of clarity. According to this representation, the subscripts added to reference 12 stand for the order in time of preception of the echo signal by the various transducers.
Obviously, the same applies for any and all beams of back-reflected rays regardless of their direction of origin and their degree of parallelism or divergence.
All the echo signals encoded as above go through the multiplexor 21 and are then transmitted serially over a coaxial line in cable 4, to the topside computer 6 after going through demultiplexor 23'.
The first step in the automatic operation of the method according to the invention consists in detecting the echoes from the highlights for purposes of localizing the probe.
The computer 6, which has stored all the coded echo signals, looks up in its store the first-in-time received echo signal which also corresponds to the point of interaction with the nearest structural element. By reading the identification code, the computer can determine the position on the sphere of the concerned transducer 12 and, consequently, can find the approximate orientation of the back-reflected beam producing the echo.
The computer 6 is programmed to compute the likely ranges of times in which a given echo wavefront having been sensed by a first transducer 12 will subsequently be perceived by the succeeding transducers on surface 11. The signals thus sorted, thus constitute a timed sequence associated with a given echo beam. The computer 6 seeks to build this sequence and thus gradually pinpoints the orientation of the back-reflected beam.
When the first sequence, corresponding to the first wavefront, is constructed, the computer 6 begins to build the (sometimes interleaved) sequence corresponding to the next-detected back-reflected wavefronts.
Based on the data acquired in this way, computer 6 first determines the spherical coordinates of each bright spot in relation to the center of the antenna, in a coordinate system related to the probe. Based on the stored geometrical data about the structure's design, it computes the probe's position and orientation in the structure's coordinate system.
The data are processed by integrating the measurement of the antenna's depth (level of immersion), in order to clear up any ambiguity of estimation that might arise in the case of a submerged structure built up from repetitive modular units.
The means of the invention as described in the foregoing, accordingly enable accurate localization of the probe within the structure in a very short amount of time and using very compact hardware.
The second step of this first phase of processing consists in displaying on display means 24 all the bright spots which have been computed in order to subsequently join them and reveal the local construction of the structure as it "appears" to the antenna 3. FIG. 6 shows, by way of example, the diagram which can be obtained with the help of means 24. The bright spot nearest the antenna in this diagram is labelled A and the successive more distant spots are respectively labelled with the following letters of the alphabet, the furthest point in the given acoustic range designated by the letter J.
This diagram is then compared with the local geometric image (FIG. 4) stored in memory 25. This comparison makes it apparent that the echo points correspond to acoustic highlights A, B, C, D, G, H, I and to isotropic points E, F and J. However, should this comparison reveal an echo point a not belonging to either of the above categories, such a point, given its position, can only be a back-reflection source on a specific, identifiable member of the structure. Such a can only be interpreted as a manifest, unexpected irregularity in the structure, possibly due to a clear defect such as the cracking of a brace or strut for example.
The foregoing example does not fully elucidate the inspection capabilities of the invention. Conversely, the lack of an echo point at a location where at least one should show up reveals the disappearance of a structural member.
The first phase of the technique then, initially provides an overall evaluation of the structure's mechanical integrity and a characterization of the most pronounced flaws by comparison between the inspection diagram, such as that of FIG. 6, and the computer's stored engineering drawing of the local area concerned, such as that of FIG. 4.
Obviously however, one will in many cases not wish to be limited to such a general evaluation of structural integrity. It will often also be important to be able to systematically detect lesser structural defects, such as cracks, which might later, if ignored or neglected, lead to outright breakage of the affected member.
The method according to the invention also provides, in a second phase or stage, for the detection of the last-mentioned type of flaws, based on the physical properties of Lamb waves.
As a rule, an acoustic ray corresponding to a bright spot struck by a perpendicular ray is totally reflected.
On the other hand, reflection is only partial for certain critical angles of incidence. In the case of a 30� incidence, the acoustic wave generates a zero-order antisymmetrical Lamb wave, with a substantial coupling effect, having a group velocity on the order of 3100 m/s for wave packs in the selected frequency band (30-150kHz) and wall thicknesses such as those of the structural members in common use in the offshore structures to be investigated.
Such a Lamb wave (FIG. 7), generated by an acoustic ray having an angle of incidence Ri, is characterized by a mechanical ray Rm, located in the plane Pl of the incident acoustic ray. Ray Rm brings about the re-emission of an acoustic wave characterized by rays Ri' symmetrical to incident ray Ri, resulting in an attenuation of ray Rm in its path.
The Lamb wave, and correlatively the mechanical ray Rm are reflected by any crack-type defect d found in their path, in a classic symmetrical pattern with respect to the perpendicular or normal line nd to the crack. The reflected mechanical ray Rmr brings about the emission of backscattered or reflected acoustical rays Rr which emerge reciprocally 30� from the perpencular to the structural member and which thus carry an echo signal characteristic of the crack's presence. In the case where the mechanical ray Rm is perpendicular to the crack, the traverse of the backscattered rays is the reverse of that of the incident rays and one of the backscattered rays Rr specifically coincides with Ri. These--the reverse rays and their neighbors--are the rays which are utilized in the second phase of the technique according to the invention, on the assumption that the creation of echoes through the intersection of a spherical incident beam with the structure is based on the following physical principles:
Given the wavelengths assocated with the acoustic signals being transmitted (30-150kHz frequency band) through both water and metal (wavelengths on the order of centimeters), the acoustic propagation effects in these two media may be described in terms of ray acoustics.
Given the beamwidth of the spherical receiving antenna (several tens of acoustic wavelengths), the structural elements or members nearest the probe will always be in the first Fresnel field of the antenna and consequently the directional pattern of this antenna will be in the form of a uniform beam of rays normal to be wavefronts, confined within the apparently circular contour of the antenna. This limited beamwidth characteristic is preserved for the same reasons in the beams generated in the metal structures.
The application of these basic physical principles to the detection of flaws based on the beams of rays emitted and received by the spherical probe is illustrated in the drawings in terms of the three different possible cases. FIG. 8 illustrates the case of a longitudinal crack; FIG. 9, the case of a transverse crack (i.e. in a cross-sectional plane of a chord); and FIG. 10, the case of an oblique crack. In these last three figures, like parts bear like references, taken from FIG. 7.
The reflected beams represented in the figures, which carry the echoes emanating from the crack, are typical of the wavefronts that are sorted at reception by suitable processing of the received echo sequences associated therewith, for the purpose of concentrating the system's detection capabilities on the presumed flaws being sought.
This processing is carried out by the previously described circuits as follows:
In order to put the above-stated principles into practice, it is necessary to be able to electronically configure or "preconfigure" the receiving antenna 11 in such a manner as to enable the beam or bundle of acoustic rays coming from a predetermined portion of the structure or, more accurately, from a predetermined structural member, at an incidence of about 30�, to be selected for monitoring. Such preconfiguration of the scanning beam implies some kind of processing of the sequence of perceived echoes and the reconstitution of the corresponding wavefronts. The family of perpendiculars to these wavefronts defines the beam of refelected rays which will be backscattered through the water and the structural members in their path.
Several different procedures can be implemented for the purpose.
For example, the various transducers 12 can be associated with adjustable delay lines, in order to provide a relative time delay between them and thus make available a global perception of the echo signal carried by the wavefront having been selected after the first firing. Such means enables any radial scanning orientation to be selected and allows precise investigation of all or part of a structural element, once the probe 3 has been positioned and localized as described above.
In such a phase, any perceived echo resulting from the previously described "preconfiguration processing" will mean that a crack-type flaw is present in the scanned area, said flaw being localized in the metal as the locus of the intersections between the emitted incident rays and the received backscattered rays.
Conversely, the absence of an echo in this case can be deemed to indicate the absence of a flaw detectable by the resolution characteristics of the means according to the invention, meaning in the case at hand, the absence of a flaw oriented normally to the beam and having a transverse dimension smaller than the decimeter order.
It is also possible to utilize a preconfiguration synthesizing algorithm, resident in computer 6, enabling selection at the time of reception of the beams of backscattered acoustic rays which, when suitably imaged for the operator via display means 24, enable the operator to run the systematic search for defects.
Display means 24 in fact makes visible in the perspective of the structural area immediately surrounding the probe, the probe itself as well as both the forward and backscattered paths of the selected beam, and thus their field of intersection, which itself indicates a likely flaw area.
The preconfiguration synthesizing algorithm consists in:
picking the transducer whose radial direction corresponds to that having an angle of incidence of roughly 30� in relation to the structural area to be inspected;
estimating the mean global wavefront which is perpendicular to this direction, corresponding to an echo perceived by said first transducer and which must later be picked up in sequence by the other transducers in time slots defined by said estimate;
taking into account those echoes, among the one received and stored pursuant to a second acoustic emission, which fell in the predetermined time slots;
and analyzing the consistency of this sequence to decide about the presence or absence of a flaw.
In the event of an affirmative decision, it locates the flaw within the beam and displays it for the operator.
In this way, an operator can precisely scan the entire length and periphery of a structural unit forming part of a submerged structure merely by first selecting the successive observation points where the probe is to be located, moving the probe to the desired location with the help of its handling means and checking the horizontal position taken by the probe and correcting it as required.
It deserves to be pointed out that the second phase of the method according to the invention can involve a processing routine designed, especially in the case of estimating and making a likelinessbased search for an expected sequence of echoes, to utilize the data obtained following the first firing (made for purposes of locating the probe and checking structural integrity). In this case, the echo sequences are stored together with their identification data right after the first step.
The flaw detection procedure for crack-like flaws can run as follows:
The operator moves the probe about the structure with the help of the handling means to place it near the area to be scanned. The flaw detection method is based on the backscattering of mechanical waves bounced off the flaws. Said mechanical waves are induced in the structure by rays striking it at the most suitable incidence (FIGS. 4, 5 and 6).
The display means 24, controlled by computer 6, provides the operator with an image of the portion of the structure surrounding the probe, said image clearly showing, by means of a color scheme for example, the area being scanned in detail. Any flaws found at this point are also represented in the image.
The operator moves the probe in small increments in order to scan the entire structure, by operating the winch for vertical motion and means 4a for horizontal motion. The display means 24 images the area currently being scanned as well as all the previously scanned areas as viewed from all directions, since a flaw can only be detected when it is virtually perpendicular to the mechanical waves being propagated through the structure. The computer can also guide the operator in moving the probe about the structure to optimize the scanning process.
The invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiment described, as various modifications will likely occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the following claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 3, 1966
|Feb 11, 1969
|Mobil Oil Corp
|Ultrasonic system for inspecting submerged piles
|Jun 17, 1975
|Jan 4, 1977
|Exxon Production Research Company
|Acoustic method for detecting leaks from submerged pipelines
|Dec 16, 1976
|Jul 25, 1978
|J. G. Sylvester Associates, Inc.
|Underwater inspection and communication apparatus
|Jul 15, 1975
|Dec 5, 1978
|Savage Robert J
|Investigation of the soundness of structures
|Aug 18, 1981
|Nov 13, 1984
|Kockums Ab
|Method of detecting cracks in constructions
|Title not available
|H. Crohas et al., Oil & Gas Journal, Damage Detection Monitoring Method for Offshore Platforms is Field Tested, vol. 80, No. 8, Feb. 1982, pp. 94,99, 100 and 103.
|H. Crohas et al., Oil & Gas Journal, Damage-Detection Monitoring Method for Offshore Platforms is Field-Tested, vol. 80, No. 8, Feb. 1982, pp. 94,99, 100 and 103.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 20, 1988
|Dec 19, 1989
|Magfoil & Inspektionstechniken Gmbh
|Apparatus for marking individual points of an underwater construction
|Oct 3, 1994
|Apr 9, 1996
|Baker; James F.
|Automated truss inspection system
|Dec 17, 2003
|Feb 14, 2006
|Metravib R.D.S.
|Method and apparatus for detecting and locating noise sources whether correlated or not
|Jun 4, 2004
|Jul 4, 2006
|Hull Underwater Imaging Systems, Inc.
|Underwater exterior ship hull imaging system employing a remote microprocessor controlled acoustic transducer array
|Oct 7, 2003
|Oct 17, 2006
|Metravib R.D.S.
|Installation and method for acoustic measurement with marker microphone in space
|Oct 24, 2011
|Dec 23, 2014
|Lockheed Martin Corporation
|Remote flooded member detection
|Oct 7, 2003
|Apr 14, 2005
|Patrick Chevret
|Installation and method for acoustic measurement with marker microphone in space
|Dec 17, 2003
|Jun 23, 2005
|Metravib R.D.S.
|Method and apparatus for detecting and locating noise sources whether correlated or not
|Jun 4, 2004
|Jun 1, 2006
|Hull Underwater Imaging Systems, Inc.
|Underwater exterior ship hull imaging system employing a remote microprocessor controlled acoustic transducer array
|Oct 24, 2011
|Apr 26, 2012
|Lockheed Martin Corporation
|Remote flooded member detection
|Dec 11, 2003
|Jun 15, 2005
|01 dB - Metravib
|Method and apparatus for detection and localisation of correlated or not correlated noise sources
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jul 8, 1986
Owner name: SOCIETE ANONYME: METRAVIB, 64, CHEMIN DES MOUILLES
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:CHARLES, JOEL;GAUDRIOT, LIONEL;PAROT, JEAN-MARC;REEL/FRAME:004571/0907
Effective date: 19860626
|Jun 4, 1990
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jul 26, 1994
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Dec 18, 1994
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Feb 28, 1995
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19951221


text:
ESPN's Mel Kiper Jr. has evaluated each team's draft class and provides his grades. Here are a few of his thoughts on the NFC East:
Dallas Cowboys (Overall: B-)
Kiper: "While I thought Dallas might trade down off No. 9 and get more value at the tackle position a little later in Round 1, [Tyron] Smith made a lot of sense at No. 9, and the Cowboys showed conviction with the pick. ... Dallas got good value later, but never took a player that seemed like a steal at the position."
New York Giants (Overall: B-)
Kiper: "Give the Giants credit -- they got some serious value with their first two picks. ... But I do wonder if the Giants waited a little too long to gain any help along the offensive line. [James] Brewer at No. 117 is a fair pick, but that line is not a young group, and isn't any better than they were three days ago."
Philadelphia Eagles (Overall: C+)
Kiper: "This feels like last year. I look at the Philly board and think, 'Well, they got a lot of guys.' The Eagles targeted what I considered their three biggest needs with their first three picks."
Washington Redskins (Overall: C+)
Kiper: "We know the Redskins need help at quarterback, but I'll give them credit: They realized there wasn't a quarterback in this draft who can help them in 2011, and they moved out of the spot that became the [Blaine] Gabbert pick. ... The Skins added players at pretty much every need outside of quarterback, where they clearly have other ideas in mind. Fair enough. I just don't think impact will be significant."


text:
Imperial's health initiatives working for good in Africa
[Johannesburg, 19 July 2016] - As a major sponsor of AIDS 2016, the international Aids conference being held in Durban from 18 to 22 July, Imperial believes in improving and facilitating healthcare across Africa.Says Dr Iain Barton, Imperial's Group Business Development Executive for Healthcare: "It is vitally important for the private sector to work in partnership with governments and international donor funds to ensure that every patient in Africa has access to the medication and healthcare facilities they require."Imperial accordingly welcomed the recent news that US$410 million has been donated through the US President's Emergency Plan for Aids Relief (PEPFAR), to help end the Aids epidemic in South Africa. PEPFAR also supports projects in SA to reduce new HIV infections in girls and young women. [Full Story.]
Expansion will boost Imperial's efficiency and deliver capacity for growth
Imperial's five-pillar approach reduces transport risk
Imperial takes Comrades Marathon's agony, ecstasy around the world
Last updated: 19 July 2016


text:
Consider languages like Python or JavaScript that allow functions to be nested like this:
print(vector(a * b),(a * c),(b * c)))
or flat like this:
i = (a * b)
j = (a * c)
k = (b * c)
V = vector(i,j,k)
How much does the different format affect performance? Can valid generalizations be made, or does it vary a lot by language?
I expect that an optimizing compiler would do inlining and output approximately the same machine code for both. So perhaps this would be just an issue for interpreted languages?


text:
Law Excels at National Competition
By Brett Wilson | April 9, 2014
Regent's Moot Court Team at Elon University.
As Regent University School of Law leads students to become successful advocates, its Moot Court teams continue to excel in their competitions.
On March 28-29, Regent students competed in the fourth annual Billings, Exum & Frye National Moot Court Competition at Elon University. The team, consisting of Regent law students Tiffany Bennett, Chelsea Schlittenhart and Jaclyn Walliser, advanced in the rounds from 25 participating teams and into the semifinal round.
During the competition, Bennett, Schlittenhart and Walliser also won the Best Brief Award for Petitions' Brief. The team lost by one point during the semifinal rounds to the winning team from Southwestern Law School.
"I am very proud of these teams and how well they represented Regent," said Michael Hernandez, professor in the School of Law and coach for the Moot Court team. "The brief award reflects the outstanding quality of their work and also the strength of the writing instruction provided at Regent Law."
Regent was one of 16 law schools represented by the 25 participating teams in the national competition, finishing ahead of teams from the University of Virginia, the University of North Carolina, the College of William & Mary, Wake Forest University and George Mason University.
The law school's second competing team of students, consisting of Ashleigh Davenport, Rebecca Lawrence, and Elizabeth Libertini, finished in the quarterfinal rounds of the competition.
Learn more about Regent University School of Law.
Mindy Hughes, Public Relations
Phone: 757.352.4095 Fax: 757.352.4888
E-mail: email@example.com
Latest News
Freud's Last Session Opens on Regent University's Tidewater Stage July 29
by Brett Wilson Tubbs | July 27, 2016
New MBA and MOL Concentrations Available
By Brennan Smith | July 22, 2016
In-Lawfully Yours Gives SCA Students Path to Film Careers
by Brett Wilson Tubbs | July 22, 2016
By Brennan Smith | July 20, 2016
By Brennan Smith | July 19, 2016
By Brennan Smith | July 19, 2016


text:
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text:
human resources jobs near Aberdeen, MD
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Senior Member Service Specialist
APGFCU - Aberdeen, MD
Make recommendations on new hires, transfers, promotions and terminations. Develop and nurture a philosophy focusing on honest, open communications, individual...
DC HR Generalist
Kohl's Corporation - Edgewood, MD
The Human Resources Generalist coordinates implementation of services, policies, and programs through Human Resources Specialists....
Human Resources Generalist
Precision Pipeline Solutions - White Marsh, MD
Human Resources Generalist. The Human Resources Generalist has shared responsibility for all personnel, compliance, employee relations, labor relations and...
HR Business Partner - Elkton, Maryland
W. L. Gore & Associates - Elkton, MD
Through our product leadership, we've been changing lives and changing industries for more than 50 years....
Industrial Electrician
Independent Can Company - Belcamp, MD
Human Resources 410-272-6494. NO AGENCIES OR SEARCH FIRMS ACCEPTED. Independent Can Company, (Belcamp, MD) a global manufacturing, family-owned company with...
Executive Asst to the CEO
APGFCU - Edgewood, MD
Ability to write reports and correspondence, and respond to common inquiries or complaints from members, regulatory agencies, or members of the business...
DC Operations Manager - 2nd Shift
Pier 1 Imports - Aberdeen, MD
Ability to work more than 40 hours per week, based on business needs. Establishes effective partnership with the Distribution Center Human Resources Manager....
Part-Time Human Resources Assistant for Bel Air, MD
Kelly Services - Bel Air, MD
Assisting with biweekly payroll processing-assisting with onboarding process (background screening, reference checking, updating candidates)-general clerical...
Bi-lingual Human Resources Manager
Confidential Name - Joppa, MD
Human Resources and Recruiting:. _Maintaining all human resources, safety, and administrative record keeping responsibilities to preserve legal compliance and...
Strategic Human Capital Specialist
Booz Allen Hamilton - Aberdeen, MD
Execute human resource requests, analyze current human resource processes, policy, and process development, and identify business opportunities and potential...


text:
First impressions as one approaches this hotel is "wow". The building is glorious and the setting by the lake is lovely. The interior of the hotel has been modernised which doesn't really match the outside. Our room was a little tired and smelt of cigarette smoke, but we opened the windows and let in the breeze coming off the lake and all was forgiven. It's a shame about the casino which takes up part of the hotel, but I guess they have to make money somehow, so we forgave them that as well. Loved the location and our daily walks by the lake.
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Hotels.com, Booking.com, Expedia, Hotwire, Travelocity, Orbitz, Priceline, Odigeo, Cheap Tickets and Agoda so you can book your L'Imperial Palace reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- l`Imperial Palace Hotel Annecy
- l Imperial Palace Annecy


text:
- Size (LWH): 3.7 inches, 2.6 inches, 0.6 inches
- Network Compatibility: CDMA
- Minimum Rated Talk Time: 300 minutes
- Minimum Rated Standby Time: 321 hours
Pantech Jest 2, Black (Verizon Wireless)
We don't know when or if this item will be back in stock.
- Display: 2.4-inches
- Camera: 2-MP
- Up to 4.9 hours of talk time
- QWERTY keyboard
- Released in September, 2011
- Messaging phone with 2.4-inch color screen and slide-down full QWERTY keyboard
- GSM capabilities enable you to connect to voice and data while traveling internationally; GPS with VZ Navigator capabilities
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Customer Reviews
Top Customer Reviews
Overall, this is nice little phone if you just want to text and make a few calls, but if you want something fancy then you should look somewhere else.
I had one of the original Pantech Jest phones that had the touch "Ok" button, and while I liked the functionality and overall design, that part drove me INSANE! I HATED it!
With this version, having the actual buttons present is a relief. No more having to double tap or triple scroll to get the button to work.
I am a college student who definitely does not want to pay for all the data plans and web fees so this phone, which can be purchased without a data plan, is great! The camera is good and has the basic features you would expect from a basic phone. Making calls is easy, texting is a breeze and using the built-in apps is seamless! The only thing you MUST do with this phone is customize the settings, but that is the fun part of a new phone.
Some reviews complained about the background, which is something you can change. Another review complained about the backlight shutting off, which if you customize your backlight setting to stay on longer then it will. Want to see the text messages in a thread format? Just change the settings! This little phone has all kinds of settings that can be customized easily to make this phone work for you! I love it and wouldn't trade it for anything!
I dropped this phone about 4 stories from my college's football field bleachers through the crack in the seat straight to the ground. The ONLY thing that happened was the battery back came off and the screen had MINOR scratches, otherwise the phone kept working.
I have spilled liquid on it, dropped it in the sink and in a puddle outside and it still works just fine!
This phone has literally been through every possible test anyone could put on it and it still works very well.Read more ›
I upgraded from a Samsung Intensity, which gave me frequent "butt dial" problems, and a camara that failed consistently.
The camara on this is good, and it has even better video (although I haven't transfered it yet). I haven't had any accidental dialing, and I like the way it fits in my pocket and hand.
The dial buttons have given me some problems for one because they are so very small, and my chunky frozen fingers didn't deal well with them at first. I'm over it now, and the most recent annoyance is that the dial pad doesn't include normal phone related alpha-numerics so when i was forced to call 1-800-Progressive for a car issue this morning, I got very frustrated trying to figure that out. Obviously that's not something most people will need to deal with on a regular basis.
It was easy to set up the way I wanted it and the battery seems as good or better than my last phone (which was good on batts, too).
It just takes a little getting used to!
Most Recent Customer Reviews
I have had this phone for almost three years now, I have had to send in four to verizon to be swiched because of glitches. Read morePublished on June 22, 2014 by Justin T Ayer
I didn't want the hassle of a smart phone or the high bill but didn't want a phone that was primitive either. This was the pefect in-between. Read morePublished on May 17, 2014 by S. Lamkin
A lot of the reviews will say that the keyboard is bad, but oddly enough mine really isnt/wasnt. It took me 2 years to figure out the fast way to shift to capital letters (it's the... Read morePublished on April 16, 2014 by Evan Moore
I have an AT&T iPhone 5 but frequently I travel to places that only have Verizon connections and have become frustrated I was looking for an inexpensive way to keep in touch... Read morePublished on February 14, 2014 by Lela
I've always been fairly quick when it comes to learning my way around a new phone. This one however, is a different story. Read morePublished on October 31, 2013 by A.S.C.
Really like the phone it is for my 10 year old and very user friendly and a nice size. So far everything has worked fine!Published on August 17, 2013 by Iris Emery
It is cute but I get ads. This is supposed to be an upgrade?? I get ads and no little emojies. I liked sending little pictures of smiles, gifts, balloons etc... Read morePublished on August 17, 2013 by noelle sisson
The Jest 2 is literally the worst phone I have EVER had the displeasure of using. I purchased it because it was mismarked on Amazon's website as having a 3. Read morePublished on August 7, 2013 by Eric Drewes
I love it. I've had this phone for a couple months now and love to use it. the keys are easy to type with and the display is awesome!Published on July 25, 2013 by rf


text:
I have a 2002 rav 4 - it will not start-the oil light will flash and 1, 2 light flash on gauges- the key is out of the ignition- I installed a scan tol but it will not read-i remove the gauge assambly and it starts for a few min. Then dies. Can any one help?
Saturday, August 4th, 2007 AT 3:20 PM